Judul: Backscatter Characterization of Multi-temporal Radarsat Imagery in Ajkwa Tailing Deposition Area (Papua, Indonesia)
Abstrak: This Research investigated the characteristic of Multi-temporal Radarsat backscatter in F2N Identical Swath mode with more than 6 years of acquisition period. It included the assessment of the stability of Radarsat imageries for multi­temporal analysis by using variance analysis on the selected sample area of "permanent" landcover. This analysis, I was used to obtain Radarsat signal changes caused by the micro-geomorphology of tailing material propagation at the Modified Ajkwa Deposition Area (ModADA) of PT Freeport Indonesia, Timika, Papua. For this purpose, the 8 bit multi-temporal imageries was overlayed and interpreted, to describe the sequences of land cover dynamics resulting from the propagation of tailing material deposition. This overlay was visualy clear to describe the changes in signal characteristic due to certain condition of land surfaces. The result indicated different range of reflections. Diffuse reflection was detected on the undisturbed forest, natural comer reflection was related to the flooded vegetation, and specular reflection was mostly found on the established tailing. The reflection types was used to discriminate and to describe the segmentation class of Radarsat backscatter on the study area. Finally the segmentation analysis trial for each classs was implemented in the given image part. The intention was to assess the radar backscater characterstics as a potential information to study the sequence of moving tailing material in the tailing management purposes.
Keyword: Remote Sensing, Radar, Backscatter, Multi-Temporal, Segmentation, Tailing

Judul: Study on Backscatter Characteristic of ALOS PALSAR Imagery Within Tropical Rain Forest
Abstrak: This study examined the relationship between variables of forest stand and backscatter magnitude of ALOS PALSAR having pixel size of 6.25 x 6.25 meters and 50 x 50 meters. The main objective of this study is to identify the variable of stand that significantly affect the magnitude of backscatter in different spatial resolution. The study was carried out in dry land tropical forest located in Dairi Regency, North Sumatera Province, this study found that the variable of stands that influence the backscatter are (1) basal area of tree, biomass of tree and height of tree for resolution of 6.25 m, and (2) basal area of tree and biomass of tree for resolution 50 x 50 meters. These variables provides dominant influence on the backscatter magnitude. The study found that discriminating stand classes base on the above mentioned variables in quite prospective, providing accuracy more than 85% particularly in using a resolution of 50 x 50 meters, however less accuracy is provided by ALOS PALSAR imagery with higher spatial resolution.
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Judul: Peranan oxytocin pada proses kelahiran
Abstrak: Menginginkan terpenuhinya protein hewani, perlu adanya peningkatan populasi ternak. Salah satu faktor yang menunjang untuk peningkatan ini adalah suatu keselamatan dalam proses ke lahiran dalam arti kata lahir dengan selamat dan sehat untuk induk maupun anak. Proses kelahiran melibatkan beberapa faktor yaitu faktor syaraf, otot, mekanis, dan hormonal. Hormon-hormon yang berperan dalam proses kelahiran adalah hormon estrogen, progesteron, glucocorticoid, prostaglandin F2 alfa, oxytocin dan relaxin. Didalam penulisan ini dipelajari sejauh mana oxytocin dalam proses kelahiran, mencakup tentang peranan sifat-sifat dasar, struktur kimia, bio sintesa, dan mekanisme kerja hormon oxytocin secara umum. Oxytocin didalam mempengaruhi aktivitas organ sasarannya akan berkaitan dengan reseptor protein, hormon tersebut ti dak masuk kedalam sel tetapi hanya berinteraksi dengan reseptor yang terdapat pada dinding sel. Hormon ini dihasilkan dari sel-sel inti supraoptika dan sel inti paraventriculariş yang berada di Hypothalamus dan dialirkan melalui tangkai axon Hypothalamo Hypophysa dalam bentuk butir sekretori ke Hypophysa pars posterior atau disebut juga pars nervosa. Rangsangan dilepaskannya oxytocin karena adanya reflek mengisap atau menyusui pada kelenjar mamae, dan juga karena te kanan pada cervix waktu perejanan. Daya kerja oxytocin berupa kontraksi urat daging licin pada muskulatur uterus dan urat daging licin pembungkus alveo- lus kelenjar susu. Hormon estrogen membantu berupa pemekaan musculatur uterus terhadap pengaruh oxytocin sehingga oxytocin bekerja optimal. Gangguan hormonal akan menyebabkan kegagalan kelahiran, oleh sebab itu preparat hormon dapat digunakan untuk menanggulangi problema yang berkaitan dengan gangguan hormonal yang me nyebabkan gagalnya proses kelahiran. Akan tetapi yang penting diketahui yaitu waktu pemberian yang tepat. Lebih Seperti halnya pada oxytocin, pemberian yang tepat pada saat cervix sudah berdilatasi ialah pada perejanan terakhir. Jika pemberian dilakukan sebelumnya, maka hal-hal yang tidak diinginkan seperti ruptura upteri akan terjadi…
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