Judul: Impact of Growing Media and Watering Frequency to Improve Visual and Functional Quality of Golf Grass (Paspalum vaginatum Swartz.)
Abstrak: Golf merupakan olahraga yang telah berkembang dan mementingkan kualitas turfgrass. Media turfgrass umumnya didominasi oleh pasir yang memiliki permeabilitas tinggi sehingga menyebabkan penyiraman menjadi tidak efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh penambahan bentonit pada media tanam pasir dan perbedaan frekuensi penyiraman terhadap kualitas visual dan fungsional rumput paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Swartz.) Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Faktorial Acak Kelompok dengan dua faktor perlakuan. Faktor pertama adalah media tanam dengan penambahan bentonit pada media pasir yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu 100% pasir (B0), 87,5% pasir + 12,5% bentonit (B1), 75% pasir + 25% bentonit (B2). Faktor kedua adalah frekuensi penyiraman yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu setiap hari, dua hari sekali, dan tiga hari sekali, dengan volume air 400 ml/pot. Percobaan ini merupakan percobaan pot menggunakan tiga ulangan blok dengan 27 satuan percobaan. Penelitian ini dilaksakan dari bukan Januari hingga April 2022 yang berlokasi di rumah kaca Kebun Percobaan Cikabayan, IPB University. Perlakuan campuran media tanam dan frekuensi penyiraman memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap seluruh peubah pengamatan. Sementara itu pengaruh interaksi tidak nyata terhadap seluruh peubah pengamatan. Terdapat dua perlakuan terbaik yaitu media pasir 87,5% + bentonit 12,5% dengan penyiraman setiap hari (B1A1) dan perlakuan media pasir 87,5% + bentonit 12,5% dengan penyiraman setiap dua hari (B1A2). Pada perlakuan media pasir 87,5% + bentonit 12,5% dengan penyiraman setiap hari (B1A1) menghasilkan kualitas visual dan fungsional terbaik pada persentase penutupan tajuk, tinggi rumput, kepadatan pucuk dan bobot kering pangkasan. Sementara itu perlakuan media pasir 87,5% + bentonit 12,5% dengan penyiraman setiap dua hari (B1A2) menghasilkan kualitas visual dan fungsional terbaik pada warna daun, bobot kering tajuk, bobot kering akar, panjang akar, dan efisiensi penggunaan air (EPAI). Oleh karena itu perlakuan media pasir 87,5% + bentonit 12,5% dengan frekuensi penyiraman setiap dua hari (B1A2) direkomenasikan untuk digunakan di lapangan golf sehingga lebih efisien dalam penggunaan air penyiraman., Golf is a sport that has developed and emphasized with the quality of turfgrass. Turfgrass media are generally dominated by sand causing highpermeability of media that it caused watering becomes inefficient. This study examine the effect of addition of bentonit to sand growing media and different frequencies of watering to the visual and functional quality of paspalum grass (Paspalum vaginatum Swartz.). The experiment was arranged in Factorial Randomized Block Design with two treatments factor. The first factor was growing media with addition of bentonit which consists of three levels is 100% sand (B0), 87,5% sand + 12,5% bentonit (B1), and 75% sand + 25% bentonit (B2). Second factor was frequencies of watering which consisted of three levels namely every day (A1), every two days (A2), and every three days (A3) with water volume of 400 ml/pot. This experiment used three replications, so that there were 27 units experiment. This study was condicted from January to April 2022, located in the Cikabayan Experimental Garden greenhouse, IPB University. The treatment of growing media and frequencies of watering gave significant results to all variables observation. Best treatments was found in growing media sand 87.5% + bentonit 12.5% with a daily watering (B1A1) and treatment of growing media sand 87.5% + bentonit
Keyword: Bentonit, Golf, Paspalum Grass, Visual and Functional Quality, Watering Frequency

Judul: Kualitas visual dan fungsional rumput golf Cynodon dactylon var Tifway yang diberi pupuk NPK pada media campuran pasir dan bentonit
Abstrak: Golf is one of preferable sports that people do to maintain health. Golf course quality depends on the grass quality. Using the efficient fertilizer and the right growing media are the way to maintain the golf course grass quality. Therefore, the objectives of this research was to learn the visual and functional qualities of golf course grass Cynodon dactylon var Tifway that added with NPK fertilizer and sand with bentonite mixture and to suppose recommendation of the most appropriate and efficient fertilizer and growing media mixture composition. The experiment was arranged in factorial Randomized Block Design. The treatments consisted of two factor, NPK rate at 2.5 g/m2, 5 g/m2, and 10 g/m2; sand media 100 %, sand 87.5 % with bentonite 12.5 %, and sand 75% with bentonite 25%. The result showed that combination of highest NPK fertilizer dosage and media mixing of sand and bentonite created the best effect to visual quality (grass color) and functional qualities (grass height, yields, density). Combination NPK fertilizer dosage at 10 g N/m2/application and sand 87.5 % with bentonite 12.5 % was the recommendation of this research
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), visual quality, sand, functional quality, bermuda grass, bentonite

Judul: Mitochondrial DNA Gene Organization and Phylogenetic Relationship of Naja siamensis
Abstrak: Naja siamensis is one of Asiatic cobra in the Family of Elapidae, known as a cryptic snake. It has many morphological variations that lead to misidentification. Misidentification can cause the wrong concept in developing antivenom types due to high snakebite cases occur in Thailand. Thus, an accurate species identification using a molecular approach is crucially required. Mitochondrial DNA has been used widely in snake molecular studies. These studies were aimed to determine the arrangement of the N. siamensis partial mitochondrial genes using reptile-oriented primers and to reveal the phylogenetic relationship among other species of Asian cobra. DNA extraction was carried out based on the standard DNA salting-out protocol and was conducted by bioinformatics analysis using BLASTn and MEGA 6 software. Gene annotation was performed against N. kaouthia complete genome. A total of 3121 bp of N. siamensis mtDNA genes were sequenced consisting of partial of six regions: 16S rRNA, ND1, tRNA-Ile, CRII region, tRNA-Leu, tRNA-Gln, and COI genes. The mtDNA gene organization of N. siamensis was predicted to has a similar pattern with the common Elapidae mtDNA gene organization. This study showed that there is a monophyletic form in Naja genus and N. kaouthia is the closest species with N. siamensis based on partial 16S rRNA and ND1 gene.
Keyword: 16S rRNA, Elapidae, ND1, phylogenetic relationship