Judul: Aktivitas senyawa antibakteri akar tumbuhan anting-anting (Acalypha indica L.)
Abstrak: Anting-anting plants had been used by public traditionallly for curing various diseases like dysentry, diarrhea, malaria, and also as antibiotics. The research aimed to study the activity of compounds which had potential as antibactery in plant. The research was conducted activity of antibactery to Gram positif and negatif bacteria with four kinds bacteri are Staphylococus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The roots used were root extract from extraction of hexane solvent, ethyl acetate and methanol. The concentrations used was 200, 150, and 100 mg/ml for each solvents.
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Judul: Potency of anting-anting (Acalypha indica) leaves extract as antibacterial toward streptococcus mutans and biofilm degradator on teeth
Abstrak: Tanaman anting-anting (Acalypha indica) biasa digunakan untuk mengobati disentri dan diare. Penelitian bertujuan menentukan potensi daun anting-anting sebagai antibakteri terhadap Streptococcus mutans dan degradator biofilm pada gigi. Ekstrak diperoleh dengan teknik maserasi menggunakan metanol, kloroform, dan n-heksana. Uji antibakteri dan degradasi biofilm dilakukan menggunakan teknik mikrodilusi dengan 96 well. Ekstrak n-heksana daun anting-anting memiliki potensi antibakteri paling baik dengan nilai konsentrasi hambat minimum dan konsentrasi bunuh minimum sebesar 500 μg/mL dan aktivitas degradasi biofilm yang cukup baik walau nilai IC50 belum dapat ditentukan hingga konsentrasi 200 μg/mL. Fraksi F3 hasil fraksinasi ekstrak n-heksana dengan kromatografi kolom merupakan degradator biofilm yang baik dengan nilai IC50 56.8 μg/mL. Alkaloid diduga sebagai senyawa aktif antibakteri dan degradator biofilm yang terdapat pada fraksi aktif., Anting-anting (Acalypha indica) plants is commonly used to treat dysentery and diarrhea. This research aims to determine potency of anting-anting as antibacterial toward Streptococcus mutans and biofilm degradator on teeth. Extracts was obtained by maseration technique using methanol, chloroform, and n-hexane. Antibacterial and biofilm degradation assays were performed using microdilution technique with 96 well. n-Hexane extracts of anting-anting leaves gave the best antibacterial potency with minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration value of 500 μg/mL and good biofilm degradation activity although the IC50 value could not be determined until 200 μg/mL. Fraction of F3 obtained from fractionation of n-hexane’s extract with column chromatography was good biofilm degradator with IC50 value of 56.82 μg/mL. Alkaloid was suggested as antibacterial and biofilm degradator in the active fraction. Keywords: alkaloid, antibacterial, anting-anting, biofilm degradator, Streptococcus mutans
Keyword: alkaloid, antibakteri, anting-anting, degradator biofilm, Streptococcus mutans

Judul: Estimating Parameter and the Convergence of Parameter Estimator of Poisson Hidden Markov Model
Abstrak: Model hidden Markov terdiri dari sepasang proses stokastik yaitu proses observasi dan proses yang memengaruhi observasi. Proses stokastik yang memengaruhi observasi ini diasumsikan membentuk rantai Markov dan tidak diamati. Model Poisson hidden Markov (MPHM) adalah salah satu model hidden Markov diskret dan proses observasinya jika diketahui proses yang memengaruhinya diasumsikan menyebar Poisson., A hidden Markov model (HMM) consists of a pair of stochastic processes, that is the observation process and process that affected observation. The stochastic process which causes this observation is assumed to form a Markov chain and is not observed. Poisson hidden Markov models (PHMM) is one of the discrete HMM and the observation process given the cause is assumed having a Poisson distribution.
Keyword: Poisson hidden Markov model, Forward-Backward algorithm, Expectation Maximization algorithm