Judul: Optimization of allocation legislative seats at the ri parliament in the 2014 election
Abstrak: Pengalokasian kursi legislatif merupakan salah satu tahapan terpenting pada pelaksanaan pemilihan umum. Ada dua tahap pengalokasian kursi legislatif di Indonesia, yaitu pengalokasian kursi daerah pemilihan dan partai. Kedua tahapan ini diformulasikan sebagai model pemrograman linear integer. Model ini bertujuan untuk meminimumkan deviasi antara kursi yang didapat dengan kursi yang seharusnya didapat oleh daerah pemilihan dan partai. Dengan menggunakan software LINGO 11.0 dihasilkan pengalokasian kursi partai di setiap daerah pemilihan. Di sini, metode kesetaraan suara menghasilkan nilai objektif yang lebih kecil dibandingkan metode perimbangan wajar. Pada tahap pengalokasian kursi untuk setiap partai, metode kuota termodifikasi menghasilkan nilai objektif yang lebih kecil dibandingkan metode Hare quota, metode Droop quota, metode imperiali quota, dan metode party block vote. Tetapi dengan menggunakan metode kesetaraan suara, nilai objektif dari alokasi kursi partai tidak selalu lebih kecil daripada menggunakan metode perimbangan wajar. Kata kunci: alokasi kursi legislatif, metode kuota, metode party block vote, pemrograman linear integer, Allocation of legislative seats is one of the most important stages in the general election. There are two stages in the allocation of legislative seats in Indonesia, namely district and party seats allocation. Both stages are formulated via integer linear programming model. The objective of the model is to minimize the deviation between the seats obtained and the seats that should be obtained of district and party. In this work, LINGO 11.0 software was used to determine the party seats allocation for each district. Here, the method of equality of votes has an objective value smaller than that of the reasonable balance method. For the party seats allocation, modified quota method has an objective value smaller than that of the Hare quota method, Droop quota method, imperiali quota method, and party block vote method. But, with using method of equality of votes, objective value of party seat allocation not always smaller than that using reasonable balance method. Keyword: integer linear programming, legislative seat allocation, party block vote method, quota method
Keyword: alokasi kursi legislatif, metode kuota, metode party block vote, pemrograman linear integer

Judul: Comparison of Sampling Methods in the National Survey of Public Opinion of Political Parties (Case Study: 2019 Legislative Elections)
Abstrak: Survei dilakukan sebagai studi terhadap sebagian populasi untuk memberikan kesimpulan pada suatu populasi yang diteliti. Hasil survei yang baik dapat diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode sampling yang sesuai dengan tingkat akurasi yang diharapkan. Namun, pada penerapan metode sampling untuk survei nasional, banyak lembaga survei yang menggunakan metode sampling yang berbeda-beda. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan metode sampling terbaik dalam menurunkan sampling error pada survei nasional opini publik partai politik. Penelitian ini menggunakan data hasil rekapitulasi suara partai politik pemilihan legislatif DPR 2019 pada website https://pemilu2019.kpu.go.id/. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah melakukan simulasi pada beberapa kombinasi metode stratified sampling, cluster sampling, dan systematic sampling. Simulasi ini dilakukan dengan membandingkan nilai-nilai error yang diperoleh dari tiap-tiap kombinasi metode yang disimulasikan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa metode stratified systematic cluster random sampling menjadi pilihan terbaik yang digunakan dalam melakukan survei nasional opini publik partai politik karena menghasilkan tingkat validitas yang cukup tinggi serta tingkat reliabilitas dan akurasi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan metode cluster random sampling dan stratified cluster random sampling. Metode tersebut dapat menjadi pilihan yang digunakan oleh lembaga survei pada survei nasional., The survey was conducted as a study of a portion of the population to provide conclusions on a population studied. Good survey results can be obtained by using a sampling method that is in accordance with the expected level of accuracy. However, in the application of the sampling method for national surveys, many survey institutions use different sampling methods. Therefore, this study aims to determine the best sampling method in reducing sampling error in a national survey of political party public opinion. This study uses data from the recapitulation of political party votes for the 2019 DPR legislative elections on the website https://pemilu2019.kpu.go.id/. The method used in this study was to simulate several combinations of stratified sampling, cluster sampling, and systematic sampling. This simulation is carried out by comparing the error values obtained from each combination of simulated methods. The results of this study indicate that the stratified systematic cluster random sampling method is the best choice used in conducting a national survey of political party public opinion because it produces a fairly high level of validity as well as a higher level of reliability and accuracy than the cluster random sampling and stratified cluster random sampling methods. This method can be the choice used by survey institutions in national surveys.
Keyword: lembaga survei, metode sampling, partai politik, simulasi, survei nasional

Judul: Aktivitas Antimikrob dan Karakterisasi Nanosilver Ekstraseluler Veronaea sp. KT19
Abstrak: Synthesis of nanosilver biologically may use fungi. The purpose of this study was to characterize and to determine antimicrobial activity of extracellular nanosilver of Veronaea sp. KT19. The highest activity was shown by extract of day 6 with diameter of inhibition zones on the Escherichia coli was 15.5±0.7 mm and Bacillus subtiliswas 13±2.8 mm. Spectrum of the nanoparticles of A6, A12, B6 (x), B6 (y), B12 (x), and B12 (y) was measured at a wavelength of 450 nm, 400 nm, 263.5 nm, 262 nm, 262.5 nm and 256.5 nm. The smallest particle size average obtained by A6 was 32.25 nm. Antimicrobial activity against 5 microorganisms showed weak activity againts Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus, showed moderate activity againts Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida maltosa.
Keyword: Veronaea sp., nanosilver, biosynthesis, antibacteria