Judul: Pemberian Kombinasi Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera L.) Dan Em-4 Dalam Air Minum Terhadap Hematologi Darah Puyuh Petelur
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian kombinasi ekstrak daun kelor dan EM-4 dalam air minum terhadap hematologi darah puyuh petelur. Sebanyak 150 ekor puyuh petelur digunakan dalam penelitian, dengan menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 3 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan, setiap ulangan terdiri 10 ekor puyuh dan dipelihara selama 6 minggu. Data yang didapatkan dianalisis menggunakan analysis of variance (ANOVA) dan uji lanjut Duncan. Perlakuan terdiri atas P1 = 65 ml air minum tanpa ekstrak daun kelor dan EM-4 ekor-1hari-1, P2 = 63 ml air minum + 2 ml ekstrak daun kelor dan EM-4 ekor- 1hari-1, P3 = 61 ml air minum + 4 ml ekstrak daun kelor dan EM-4 ekor-1hari-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kombinasi ekstrak daun kelor dan EM- 4 sebanyak 2 ml dan 4 ml pada air minum ternak tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap profil darah puyuh, dengan jumlah eritrosit, hemoglobin, hematokrit, leukosit, dan diferensial leukosit dalam kisaran normal. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pemberian kombinasi ekstrak daun kelor dan EM-4 tidak mengganggu kesehatan puyuh petelur., This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of administering a combination of Moringa leaf extract and EM-4 in drinking water on the blood hematology of laying quail. A total of 150 laying quail were used in the research, using the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with 3 treatments and 5 replications, each replication consisting of 10 quail and reared for 6 weeks. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan
Keyword: ekstrak daun kelor, EM-4, hematologi darah, puyuh petelur

Judul: Supplementation of Moringa Leaf Extract  Combined with EM-4 in Quail Drinking Water on Egg Production Performance
Abstrak: Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penambahan ekstrak daun kelor dengan EM-4 pada kinerja produksi telur puyuh petelur. Studi melibatkan 150 puyuh betina dewasa berusia 5 minggu, yang ditempatkan dalam kandang dengan 10 puyuh per kompartemen. Penelitian terdiri dari 3 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. P1 = 65 ml air minum tanpa ekstrak daun kelor dan EM-4 ekor-1 hari-1, P2 = 63 ml air minum + 2 ml ekstrak daun kelor dan EM-4 ekor-1 hari-1, P3 = 61 ml air minum + 4 ml ekstrak daun kelor dan EM-4 ekor-1 hari-1. Parameter yang diukur meliputi konsumsi air, konsumsi pakan, produksi telur harian, konversi pakan, bobot telur, dan massa telur. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA, jika terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan, analisis lanjutan dilakukan menggunakan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan ekstrak daun kelor dengan EM-4 tidak memiliki efek signifikan (P>0,05) terhadap konsumsi air, konsumsi pakan, produksi telur harian, konversi pakan, bobot telur, dan massa telur. Penambahan 2 ml kombinasi ekstrak daun kelor dan EM-4 dan 4 ml kombinasi ekstrak daun kelor dan EM-4 belum mampu meningkatkan performa produksi puyuh., This study aims to analyze the supplementation of moringa leaf extract with EM-4 on the egg production performance of layer quails. The study involved 150 mature female quails aged 5 weeks, which were placed in cages with 10 quails per compartment. The research consisted of 3 treatments and 5 replications. P1 = 65 ml of drinking water without Moringa leaf extract and EM-4 bird-1 day-1, P2 = 63 ml of drinking water + 2 ml of Moringa leaf extract and EM-4 bird-1 day-1, P3 = 61 ml of drinking water + 4 ml of Moringa leaf extract and EM-4 bird-1 day-1. Parameters measured included water consumption, feed consumption, hen day production, feed convertion ratio, egg weight, and egg mass. The data obtained analyzed using ANOVA, if there were significant differences, further analysis was conducted using Duncan's test. The results showed that the addition of moringa leaf extract with EM-4 did not have a significant effect (P>0.05) on water consumption, feed consumption, hen day production, feed convertion ratio, egg weight, and egg mass. The addition of 2 ml moringa leaf extract and EM-4 and 4 ml moringa leaf extract and EM-4 has not been able to improve the production performance of quails.
Keyword: EM-4, moringa leaves, production performance, quail

Judul: Bifurkasi Hopf pada Model Siklus Bisnis Kaldor Kalecki tanpa dan dengan Waktu Tunda
Abstrak: Business cycle model is one of dynamical system models in economic. One of the business cycles model is Kaldor-Kalecki model. Kaldor-Kalecki business cycle model that is written in delayed defferential equations, is a business cycle model that involves gross product and capital stock of a company. In this paper Kaldor-Kalecki business cycle model is analyzed using both nondelay and delay in time of capital stock. By Taylor expansion for the time delayed model, an analysis of stability around the fixed points has been done. Furthermore, by using Hopf bifurcation theorem, it can be shown that there exists periodic orbits and limit cycle. In the nondelayed model, changing the parameter of goods market could lead to the occurrence of Hopf bifurcation and the existence of limit cycle. Similarly, for the delayed model, it has been shown that changing the time delay parameter may result in the occurrence of Hopf bifurcation and limit cycle.
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