Judul: Keragaman Jenis Rayap dan Intensitas Kerusakan Bangunan di Perumahan Taman Darmaga Permai I, Ciampea, Bogor
Abstrak: Termites attack make building service life of being shorter. Building components which are attacked by termites are made of lignocellulose. The objective of this research is to understand the species of termites, distribution of termites and intensity of the damage building. Identification of termites species used baiting method (ASTM D 1758-06 2008) with burying ±250 pine woods. The Intensity of building damage was done by components building survey in Taman Darmaga Permai I Residence, Ciampea, Bogor. There were five species of termites in research location such as Macrotermes gilvus, Odontotermes javanicus, Coptotermes curvignathus, Schedorhinotermes javanicus, dan S. sarawakensis. The widest spreading of termites species was O. javanicus from Termitidae family. Most of home building conditions were in medium conditions (87.91 %). Mechanical factors had the highest percentage (40.75 %) as a cause of the damage building than biological (37.36 %) and physical factors (21.13 %).
Keyword: termites, distribution of types, diversity, Building damage intensity

Judul: Subterranean Termite Attack on Tree Stands in Bogor Botanical Garden
Abstrak: Pelestarian dan perlindungan terhadap pohon-pohon yang tersimpan di Kebun Raya Bogor (KRB) perlu dilakukan untuk menghindari kerusakan oleh berbagai macam penyakit maupun serangga perusak termasuk rayap. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis frekuensi serangan rayap dan mengidentifikasi jenis rayapnya, menganalisis preferensi rayap terhadap jenis pohon, serta tingkat kerusakan pohon akibat serangan rayap di KRB. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode jalur sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 213 (100%) pohon contoh di KRB terserang rayap. Spesies rayap tanah yang ditemukan sekurang-kurangnya terdapat empat spesies yaitu Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren, Macrotermes gilvus Hagen, Odontotermes javanicus Holmgren dan Nasutitermes matangensis Haviland. Rayap M. gilvus banyak ditemukan pada pohon Pterocarpus indicus, Dysoxilum spp., Shorea spp., dan Dimocarpus spp.. Rayap O. javanicus banyak ditemukan pada pohon Vitex cofassus, Dehaasia incrassata, Heriteria spp., dan Cordia spp.. Rayap N. matangensis banyak ditemukan pada pohon Philodendrom spp., Dysoxilum spp., dan Sindora spp.. Rayap C. curvignathus banyak ditemukan pada pohon Araucaria columnaris, Agathis sp., dan Pinus spp. Tingkat kerusakan pohon contoh akibat serangan rayap sebesar 10-90%., Preservation and protection of trees stored in the Bogor Botanical Gardens (KRB) need to be done to prevent damage by various kinds of diseases and destructive insects including termites. This study aimed to analyze the frequency of termite attacks and to identify the type of termites, to analyze termite preferences for tree species, as well as the degree of tree damage due to termite attacks in KRB. The research was conducted using the path sampling method. The results showed that as many as 213 (100%) sample trees in KRB were attacked by termites. There are at least four subterranean termite species found, namely Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren, Macrotermes gilvus Hagen, Odontotermes javanicus Holmgren, and Nasutitermes matangensis Haviland. Termites M. gilvus are found in Pterocarpus indicus, Dysoxilum spp., Shorea spp., and Dimocarpus spp. Termites O. javanicus are found in Vitex colossus, Dehaasia incrassate, Heriteria spp., and Cordia spp. Termites N. matangensis is found in Philodendrom spp., Dysoxilum spp., and Sindora spp. Termites C. curvignathus can be found in Araucaria columnaris, Agathis sp., and Pinus spp. The level of damage to sample trees due to termite attacks is 10-90%.
Keyword: frequency, subterranean termites, termite preferences, tree healt

Judul: Dynamical System of Hepatitis B in Three Groups with Vaccination
Abstrak: The aim of this study is to modify the hepatitis B transmission model in three age groups involving vaccination from the model conducted by Zhoe and Zhang.The method used is to analyze the stability of the fixed point and its basic reproduction number (R_0). Performed stability analysis and numerical simulation to see population dynamics. Next, a sensitivity analysis of the parameters was carried out to see its effect on R_0. From the analysis obtained two fixed points, namely non-endemic and endemic fixed points. Non-endemic fixed points are locally asymptotically stable if R_0 <1 Meanwhile, the endemic fixed point is locally asymptotically stable if R_0 > 1. Hepatitis vaccination affects the number of susceptible population, because the more successful the vaccination, the smaller the number of susceptible populations so that the smaller the population will be infected.
Keyword: Dynamic, Hepatitis B, Vaccine, Mathematical model