Judul: Evaluasi Kinerja Gapoktan Mekarmukti dan Dampaknya terhadap Petani Cabai Anggota di Kecamatan Cibinong, Kabupaten Cianjur, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: The presence of farmers institution could be the key to improve welfare and economies of scale in the village for farmers. As its function, farmers institution could be a forum of farmers for improving quality, quantity, and continuity of their crops togetherness. Farmers institution also could be balancing the bargaining position between small farmers and marketing farmers then food estates. This research aims to assess the performance of farmers institution in Mekarmukti Village, Cibinong District, Cianjur, West Java in farmers group level as a forum of farmers and Farmers Group Associaton (FGA) level which could be improving the economies of scale and act as supporting institutions other agribusiness subsystem in agribusiness system of chili. This research also measured an impact from FGA and farmers group to farmers so that establish a hierarchy system which synergize for farmer’s welfare. Performance analysis measured with descriptive statistical analysis and impact analysis measured with nonparametical statistic, Wilcoxon Paired Test. Result, Mekarmukti FGA have a success rate performance of 72,73 percent and farmers group in associated with it have rate in the range below. Mekarmukti FGA also impact positively in 17 variabels from 23 tested variabels. In conclusion, FGA and farmers group in associated with are important for member farmers because of have a good performance and and positive impact. However, Mekarmukti FGA and farmers group in associated with still have to improve the performance which not optimally yet and reducting the negative impact.
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Judul: Farmer’s participation to increase the capacity of famers’ institution (case on Farmers’ Group at Province of Central Java)
Abstrak: The capacity of farmers’ group institutions are needed to promote agricultural development, in globalization economic era. Economic indicators, agricultural infrastructures, and government policy often cause small farmer to economically and socially marginalized. Farmers with small size land ownership, marginal rate of return in agriculture sector, agriculture policy which nonalignment to farmer make more difficult to increase their income. On the other side, farmers’ group institutions which are expected be able to strengthen the farmer position face the problems of mismanagement or less effective in improve famers’ livelihood condition. The objectives of the research are to: (1) Identify the degree of member participation in farmers’ group institution, and level of the capacity of farmer group’s institute in managing agriculture resources collectively; (2) Identify and explain various factors affect member participation in farmers’ group institution; (3) Identify and explain various factors affect the capacity of farmes’ group institution; and (4) Formulate an appropriate strategy in capacity building of farmers’ group institution. The data were collected at three district of Center Java Province, namely: Klaten, Grobogan, and Karanganyar. Data obtained through interview by 405 respondents whose members of farmers’ group institutions, 48 local leaders, and informans others. The results show that capacity of farmers’ group institution is still at medium category. Capacity of farmers’ group institution was directly influenced by level of members’ participation in farmer groups’ institution, capacities level of farmer, and dynamic level of learning group. Social economical status (formal education, non-formal education, farmers’ experience in work, famers’ income, famers’ needs, social participation, and learning experience), local leadership, intensity of outsiders’ role, the support of extension were indirectly influenced to the capacity of farmers’ group institution through dynamic of learning group, participation in farmers’ group institution, and farmers’ capacities.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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