Judul: Comparative Analysis of Pregnancy Diagnosis in Garut Ewe Using Transrectal and Transabdominal Ultrasonography Imaging
Abstrak: Early and accurate pregnancy diagnosis is crucial for effective sheep production. This study compared transrectal (TRUS) and transabdominal ultrasound (TAUS) for pregnancy diagnosis in 80 Garut ewes, that underwent both ultrasound methods. Overall pregnancy rate was 83.75%, distributed across early (28.4%), mid (35.8%), and late (35.8%) trimesters. Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Kappa statistic were used to assess fetal structure visibility and method agreement. Overall, TRUS achieved 100% success rates throughout all stages, while TAUS showed 10.5% rates in early pregnancy, increasing to 83.3% in mid and 95.8% in late stages. Statistical analysis (p=0.000) showed TAUS was ineffective in early stage, but there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in mid and late stages, indicating both methods could be used. Agreement between TRUS and TAUS for fetal parameters was low to moderate, with no strong agreement, indicating variability in diagnosis. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed for definitive conclusions.
Keyword: pregnancy diagnosis, sheep, transabdominal, transrectal, USG

Judul: The Responses of Estrous to PGF2α Injection and The Study of Fetus Development through Ultrasonography used as a Diagnosis of Early Pregnancy in Garut Sheep (Ovis aries).
Abstrak: Domba garut merupakan ternak yang sangat potensial sebagai bagian dari sektor usaha peternakan nasional. Domba ini mempunyai keunggulan dalam kemampuan adaptasi, memiliki bobot badan rata-rata di atas domba lokal Indonesia lainnya, dapat melahirkan anak lebih dari satu (prolific) dan tidak mengenal musim kawin. Domba garut jantan yang baik performansinya digunakan sebagai domba seni ketangkasan, sehingga mempunyai nilai ekonomis yang lebih tinggi. Manajemen peternakan domba di Indonesia masih dilakukan secara tradisional khususnya pada pemeriksaan kebuntingan. Hal ini sering terjadi di domba-domba betina yang diduga bunting tetapi ditunggu-tunggu sampai beberapa bulan kebuntingan tidak juga melahirkan anak. Kehilangan waktu untuk menghasilkan anak menunjukan potensi reproduksi domba tidak dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Pada negara-negara maju penghasil ternak domba, penggunaan sarana diagnostik ultrasonografi sudah menjadi alternatif pilihan, mengingat keuntungan ekonomi yang diperoleh dengan adanya diagnosa kebuntingan yang sedini mungkin. Diharapkan dengan induksi estrus dan pemeriksaan kebuntingan dini setelah perkawinan alami pada domba garut dengan ultrasonografi dapat memberikan informasi yang lebih baik dan akurat dalam penentuan status kebuntingan, sehingga mampu meningkatkan populasi domba di Indonesia.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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