Judul: Tingkat kemodernan abdi dalem Keraton Yogyakarta
Abstrak: Keraton Yogyakarta merupakan salah satu warisan budaya leluhur yang masih tetap bertahan di masa modern seperti sekarang. Ada peranan penting yang terdapat di Keraton yaitu seorang abdi dalem. Abdi dalem merupakan seseorang yang mengabdi kepada raja dan tidak mengharapkan imbalan namun mereka mencari ketenangan hidup dengan mewujudkan kesetiaan kepada keraton. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat kemodernan para abdi dalem keraton Yogyakarta dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat kemodernan abdi dalem. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dan didukung dengan metode penelitian kualitatif. Pada hasil penelitian ini, sebanyak 43.34 persen responden memiliki tingkat kemodernan yang rendah dan 56.66 persen lainnya tinggi. Kemudian, faktor yang mempengaruhi merupakan pendapatan keluarga. Sedangkan lama mengabdi berpengaruh negatif dan yang tidak berpengaruh adalah usia, jenis kelamin, lama menempuh pendidikan formal, lama bekerja diluar Keraton dan jenis pekerjaan., Keraton Yogyakarta is one of the ancestral heritage which still survive in modern times as now. There is an important role that is abdi dalem. Abdi dalem is a person who dedicates to king and doesn’t expect a great rewards but they are looking for peace of life to embody loyalty to the Keraton. This study aims to analyze the level of modernity of the abdi dalem Keraton Yogyakarta and analyze the factors that affect the level of modernity as experienced by the abdi dalem. This study uses quantitative research methods and supported by qualitative research methods. The results of this study show that 43.34 percent of respondents have a low level of modernity and the othe 56.66 percent high. Then, the factors that affect is family income whereas long time dedicate is affect negatively and that no effect is age, gender, level of education, work outside Keraton and the kind of work outside Keraton.
Keyword: abdi dalem, Keraton, tingkat kemodernan, nilai budaya

Judul: Pengaruh Konsep Lanskap Keraton Ngayogyakarta Hadinigrat terhadap Lanskap Kota Yogyakarta
Abstrak: Kota Yogyakarta merupakan kota yang menjadi pusat kebudayaan Jawa dengan adanya Keraton Yogyakarta dan bekas Kerajaan Mataram Islam. Sebagai sebuah kota dengan latar historis kerajaan yang kuat dan legilimasi keraton yang sampai saat ini masih cukup kuat, maka kehidupan keraton mempengaruhi pula kehidupan rakyat Kota Yogyakarta. Keraton dan kawasan kerajaan dibangun berdasarkan konsep-konsep filosofis yang menghasilkan wujud fisik penuh makna dan merupakan cikaI bakaI Kota Yogyakarta. Namun dalam perkembangannya, dengan adanya pengaruh pendatang dan globalisasi, malta banyak terjadi pergeseran nilai dan kebudayaan serta filosofi yang melingkupinya Hal. ini dikhawatirkan akan semakin mengaburkan identitas Kota Yogyakarta.
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Judul: Heterologous Expression Of Endo-Β-Xylanase From Bacillus Pumilus Strain Bcrs-01 In Escherichia Coli.
Abstrak: Xylanases are glycoside hydrolase family 11 which depolymerise xylan in the plant cell wall, the most excessive form of hemicellulose. Endo-β-xylanases (EC 3.2.1.8) are most important to breakdown β-1,4-glicoside bond of xylan to produce disaccaride xyloolygosaccaride (XOs) and xylose (monomer). Bovine rumen fluids have potential to obtain endo-β-xylanase produced of bacteria. The objectives of this study were to obtain xylanase producing bacteria and to express xynA gene encoding endo-β-xylanase from bacterium in Escherichia coli. Twenty nine isolate bacteria have been succesfully isolated from bovine rumen fluid in agar medium containing birchwood xylan. Isolate BCRS-01 bacterium was previously screened for the high production of xylanase. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, BCRS-01 showed high similarity (99%) to Bacillus pumilus (accession number NR043241). The crude xylanase had optimal activity at 55oC, pH 7.0. Furthermore, the crude xylanase exhibited broad pH stability from 4.0 to 10.0 and remained more than 60% and 40% of its activity after incubation at pH 4.0 until 10.0, respectively for 60 min. It also showed a stability at temperature 25-50oC since it retained 80% and 50% of its activity when incubated at 50oC or 30 and 60 min, respectively. The xylanase activity was strongly inhibited by Ca2+ and Cu2+ at concentration 10 mM, and as little as 1 mM for Mn2+. Therefore, this xylanase has potentially used as additive feeds in animal feed industry. The DNA sequence xynA gene encoded endo-β-xylanase was amplified and cloned into the expression vector pET-15by under the control of T7 promoter. The recombinant protein had succesfully expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS. A protein recombinant of approximately, 26.7 kDa was observed on the SDS-PAGE analysis. Crude extract of recombinant endo-β-xylanase demonstrated activity of enzyme at 56 U mL-1 using birchwood xylan as a substrate at 55oC for 10 min.
Keyword: Bacillus pumilus, bovine rumen fluid, endo-β-xylanase, heterologous expression.