Judul: Pengaruh Kadar Fosfatidilkolin Kedelai Pakan Yang Berbeda Terhadap Kinerja Pertumbuhan Ikan Kerapu Tikus (Cromileptes altivelis)
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian adalah mencari kadar fosfatidilkolin (FK) optimum untuk pertumbuhan ikan kerapu tikus. Di dalarn penelitian ini perlakuan yang digunakan adalah dosis FK kedelai (kemurnian FK 53%) dalam pakan 0,00%, 1,89%, 3,79%, 5,67%, dan 7,56%, atau kandungan FK dalam pakan sebesar 0,69%, 1,23%, 2,36%, 3,43% dan 4,60%. Tiap perlakuan terdiri dari 3 ulangan. Pakan percobaan mempunyai kandungan protein dan energi yang sama. Ikan uji yang digunakan adalah juvenil ikan kerapu tikus dengan bobot rata-rata 2,99*0,01 g yang dipelihara dalam bak fiber volume 30 L. Ikan dipelihara dengan kepadatan ikan 10 ekoribak diberi pakan 2 kali sehari (pagi dan sore) secara at satiation selama 84 hari.
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Judul: Pengaruh kadar fosfolipid dan lemak yang berbeda dalam pakan terhadap efisiensi pakan dan pertumbuhan juvenil ikan kerapu bebek (Cromileptes altivelis)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kadar fosfolipid dan lemak yang berbeda dalam pakan terhadap efisiensi pakan dan pertumbuhan juvenil ikan kerapu bebek (Cromileptes altivelis). Perbedaan kadar fosfolipid pakan sebagai perlakuan dalam penelitian ini, adalah: 1.38% (pakan A), 2.02% (pakan B), 2.77% (pakan C), 3.15% (pakan D) dan 3.46% (pakan E), masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan 3 kali ulangan. Sebagai ikan uji adalah kerapu bebek yang berbobot awal 11.62±0.16 gram. Ikan dipelihara dalam bak polikarbonat volume 30 1, yang dilengkapi aerasi dan sistem air mengalir (flow through) dengan kepadatan 10 ind/bak. Selama 10 minggu pengujian, ikan diberi pakan secara perlahan sampai tidak mau menerima pakan lagi (atsatiation) dua kali sehari. Kotoran dalam bak dibersihkan setiap pagi hari sebelum pemberian pakan dan dilakukan sampling setiap satu minggu sekali untuk mengetahui perubahan bobot ikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan yang diberi pakan D menghasilkan nilai laju pertumbuhan harian rata-rata tertinggi (1.89%), namun nilainya tidak berbeda nyata dengan ikan yang diberi pakan E (1.82%). Nilai efisiensi pakan terbesar juga dihasilkan oleh pakan D, namun nilainya tidak berbeda secara statistik dengan pakan B, C dan E....
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Judul: The Construction of Greedy SVP LLL Algorithm
Abstrak: A lattice is a set of all integer linear combination of a set of linearly independent vectors in ℝ𝑛���. The independent vectors are called bases of lattice. Any lattice can be generated from many bases, and these bases have the same cardinality. In the lattice, the most fundamental and renowned problem is the Shortest Vector Problem (SVP). SVP is a tracking problem of the shortest nonzero vector in a lattice with equivalent bases. In two dimensions, SVP problem has resolved exactly by Gauss’ algorithm. When the lattice dimension is higher than two, A.K. Lenstra, H.W. Lenstra and L. Lovasz gave a LLL algorithm to compute approximation of nonzero shortest vector in the lattice. Reduced bases solution obtained from LLL algorithm still be an approximation and has polynomial running time of arbitrary dimension which large enough. In 1994, Schnoor and Euchner modified this LLL algorithm as a new variant which later was named deep insertion LLL algorithm. This algorithm is a modified version of the LLL algorithm to the terms of the exchange step to improve the accuracy of output of LLL reduced bases and applying it to the subset sum problem. The purpose of this research are: (1) Reconstruct the LLL algorithm and deep insertion LLL algorithm using a geometric approach. (2) Construct a greedy SVP LLL algorithm. (3) Implement the three algorithms in a symbolic programming language, and evaluate them experimentally. A bases ℬ=[𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑛���] in ℝ𝑚��� is called reduced LLL with parameter 𝛿��� if satisfies: (a) |𝜇���𝑗���𝑖���|≤12, for every integer 𝑖���,𝑗��� with 1≤𝑖���<𝑗���<𝑛���. (b)𝛿���‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���)‖2≤‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���+1)‖2, for 𝑗���=1,2,…,𝑛���−1,where 𝛿��� is a reduced parameter of real numbers with 14<𝛿���<1. The first requirement is the reduced basis 𝛿��� must “nearly orthogonal” and in its computation case, this requirement can be reached out by using the Gram-Schmidt’s orthogonalization. While the second requirement is called exchange step, or used to called as Lovasz condition. By using both of these requirements, then they establish the LLL algorithm. Then, Schnoor and Euchner modify the LLL algorithm based on the requirements of the exchange step called the deep insertion LLL algorithm, where the exchange step is based on the comparison of the projected vector in orthogonal complement [𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑘���−1]⊥ after j-th reduction. To construct greedy SVP LLL algorithm, the requirements of the exchange step is based on purely by comparing norm of lattice 𝐛���𝑗��� with norm lattice 𝐛���𝑖��� for 𝑖���=1,2,3…,𝑗���−1. The process of insertion reduced vector after the exchange step also has done greedily. Then, we calculate the number of arithmetic operation in greedy SVP LLL algorithm for further analysis. The result of our exprimentation for three algorithms on the certain matrix size shows that the running time of the three algorithms increases propotional to the size of the matrix. The result also shows that by using 𝛿���=34 for the LLL algorithm and the deep insertion LLL algorithm, and the greedy SVP LLL algorithm which is a new variant made by using no parameter of 𝛿���, outperform of the other of two previous algorithm in terms of speed with the same output.
Keyword: LLL algorithm, LLL deep insertion algorithm, greedy SVP LLL algorithm