arulpm/tripletsmall huggingface dataset:
Judul: Penentuan Bobot Kayu Apu Pistia stratiotes L sebagai Fitoremediator dalam Wadah Pendederan Ikan Gurami Oshpronemus goramy Lac.Ukuran 3 cm
Abstrak: The use of high stocking density in nursery causes a decrease of water quality. Technology that can be used to solve the low water quality in nursery of giant goramy was phytoremediation using Pistia stratiotes L. Purpose of this research was to determine the best weight ratio between Pistia stratiotes L and 33 liter water in nursery giant goramy size 3 cm. Giant goramy size 3 cm was maintained in an aquarium and was treated with different weight of Pistia stratiotes L consisted of 45 gram, 90 gram, 135 gram and controls (Pistia stratiotes L. 0 gram). Cleaning and water change was done once a week. This research showed that the treatment of Pistia startiotes L 45gram/33 liter water gave the best result in survival rate, absolute length of the growth, specific growth rate, feed efficiency and economically profitable.
Keyword: nursery, Osphronemus goramy Lac, water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes L.), phytoremediation

Judul: Peranan Eceng Gondok Eichornia crassipes sebagai Fitoremediator di Media Budidaya Ikan Gurami Osphronemus goramy Lac. Ukuran 3 cm dalam Wadah Terkontrol
Abstrak: Production improvement of goramy fry (Osphronemus goramy Lac.) in controlled containers through phytoremediation using aquatic plant Water Hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) was performed in order to determine the optimum stocking density of water hyacinth on productivity performance of goramy fry. Goramy fry was reared for 30 days in 49 x 30 x 32 cm sized aquarium with stocking density of 6 fish/ liters in 33 liters of water with water hyacinth stocking density treatments of 45 g, 90 g, 135 g, and 0 g as control. The results showed that addition of 135 g of water hyacinth was able to give significant effects on survival rate at 97,83%, absolute length growth of 0,99%, specific growth rate of 3,6%, and lower feed conversion ratio at 4,35.
Keyword: goramy fry (Osphronemus goramy Lac.), water hyacinth Eichornia crassipes, phytoremediation

Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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Judul: Efisiensi produksi usaha peternakan domba di desa Cibunian kecamatan Pamijahan kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: The aims of this research were: (1) to described sheep farming management in Cibunian Village, (2) to know production factors that would increased the sheep produton. (3) to analyzed sheep farming production efficiency, and (4) to analyzed the allocation of production factors so that the optimal condition can be reach. This study held in December 2006 in Cibunian Village.
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Judul: Harga pokok produksi ternak domba pada peternakan rakyat di desa Cibunian kecamatan Pamijahan kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: The aims of this research were : (1) to analyze total expenses of sheep farm in Cibunian village, (2) to compare the cost of goods manufactured methods of one sheep unit with full costing method and variable costing method, and (3) to compare farmers household. Technically, the sampling method used in cluster random sampling, so 164 samples, treated as survey objects.
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Judul: Characterizations of low alloy steel sae 4422  plated with chromic acid (Cro3)
Abstrak: Characterizations of low alloy steel SAE 4422 plated with chromic acid (CrOrO3) was use Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), RD),Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-Ray (EDAX), Hardness Test and Roughness Test. Microstructures analysis exhibits cracks and grain boundaries microcracks as a characteristics of chrome metal found at plating metal. Perlite and Ferrite as grains of steel found at base metal with grain boundaries around it. Phase analysis of plating metal appropriate to chrome metal with lattice constant (a) is 2.559 Å and phase analysis of base metal appropriate to iron ferrite with lattice constant (a) is 3.318 Å. Both plating and base metal have cubic system. Chemical analysis of plating metal at surface section exhibits that cracks area have highest value of carbon element compare with grains and grains boundaries area. While chemical analysis of base metal at cross section exhibits that perlite have highest value of carbon element compare with ferrite and grain boundaries. The hardness value of plating metal at surface section and cross section are 753 and 637 VHN. While, the hardness value of base metal and interface area at cross section are 205 and 373 VHN. The roughness value at measurement points of chrome surface for as received sample are 0.445 μm. Observation used Optical Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy exhibits surface irregularities combine to form surface texture of plating metal at surface section.
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Judul: Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Nanohidroksiapatit dari Cangkang Telur Ayam dengan Metode Ultrasonikasi
Abstrak: In this research synthesis and characterization of nanohidoxyapatite from chicken eggshell has been done using ultrasonication method and precipitation. To obtain nanohydroxyapatite, two treatments were applied which areCaO powder ultrasonication and HA powder ultrasonication. The aim of ultrasonication is toreduce particle size. This research was carried out by using two variation of ultrasonication time which are 1.5 and 2 hours each with three repetitions. The results of XRD characterization show that HA still contains impurities like OCP and TCP. The optimum ultrasonication time is 1.5 hours due to its smaller particle size and few impurities obtained.
Keyword: precipitation method, PSA, XRD, ultrasonication method, Hydroxyapatite

Judul: The Influence of Ultrasonication and Stirring in Synthesis of Nanohydroxyapatite Based Chicken Eggshell
Abstrak: Hidroksiapatit pada tulang alami manusia berbentuk jarum yang mempunyai struktur nano, sehingga diperlukan hidroksiapatit yang sesuai dengan ukuran pada struktur tulang tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga metode untuk menghasilkan nanohidroksiapatit yaitu sintesis hidroksiapatit dengan ultrasonikasi kalsium oksida terlebih dahulu, ultrasonikasi dilakukan pada saat presipitasi dan ultrasonikasi dilakukan setelah serbuk hidroksiapatit diperoleh. Hasil uji x-ray diffractometer dan particle size analyzer menunjukkan bahwa metode kedua merupakan metode yang optimum untuk menghasilkan nanohidroksiapatit. Metode ini menghasilkan fasa hidroksiapatit dan beberapa fasa lain seperti octacalcium phosphate dan tricalcium phosphate serta menghasilkan distribusi ukuran partikel paling kecil yaitu ±15 nm. Hasil uji x-ray diffractometer dan particle size analyzer pada metode pertama menunjukkan bahwa selain mayoritas fasa yang terbentuk adalah hidroksiapatit juga terdapat fasa lain berupa octacalcium phosphate dan tricalcium phosphate serta mempunyai distribusi ukuran partikel ±130 nm. Hasil uji x-ray diffractometer dan particle size analyzer pada metode ketiga menunjukkan mayoritas fasa yang terbentuk adalah hidroksiapatit disamping terdapat beberapa fasa lain berupa octacalcium phosphate dan tricalcium phosphate serta menghasilkan distribusi ukuran partikel ±150 nm.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University, Institut Pertanian Bogor, IPB, hydroxyapatite, PSA, ultrasonication, XRD, hidrosiapatit, pengadukan, bone groft

Judul: Rantai Markov Pada Bilangan Biner
Abstrak: Ranlai Markov {Xn} yang didefinisikan pada ruang peluang (n, P, P) dilllana n = (O,I],dan 'Fadalah cr-lapangan Borel, lllelllpunyai ekspansi biner X n = 0, dl(n) din).. n = I, 2, ... Mengkonstruksi rantai Markov ini diawali dengan memilih sembarang bilangan ..Y o di (0,1], nyatakan bilangan Xo dalam ekspansi biner Xo =0, diD) diD) ... d~O) ... dimana { d~O) ,n = 1,2, ... } adalah barisan nol dan satu. Peubah acak XI ditentukan oleh .Xo dan asumsi berikut.
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Judul: Pendugaan kelimpahan stok ikan mujair di waduk selorejo dengan metoda leslie
Abstrak: Penelitian pendugaan kelimahan stok ikan mujair dilakukan dengan menggunakan data sekunder dan primer hasil tangkap dengan jaring proyek. Date sekunder dikumpulkan dari bulan Februari 1974 sampai akhir Januari 1976. Data primer untuk mencari faktor koreksi dikumpulkan antara 29 Nopember 1976 sampai 1 Februari 1977 di Waduk Selorejo, Kecamatan Ngantang, Kabupaten Malang, Propinsi Jawa Timur. Pendumain kelimpahan stok yang dilakukan dengan Metoda Leslie yang didasarkan atas pemetaan hasil tangkap per satuan usaha terhadap hasil tangkap kumulatif. Dari hasil pendugaan kelimpahan stok dapat diduga laju eksploatası dan parameter-parameter lainnya. Hasil pendugaan kelimpahan stolt menunjukkan nilai 29051,81 kg dan leju instanta mortalitas penangkapan yang diperoleh besarnya 5,79 x 10-5. Nilai-nilai laju mortalitas total tahunan (A) dan laju kelangsungan hidup (S) yang berhasil diduga, masing-masing besarnya 0,32 dan 0,60. ...
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Judul: Pendugaan Susunan Populasi Ikan Mujair (Tilapia Mossambica Peters) dengan Menggunkan Analisa Frekwensi Panjang
Abstrak: Penelitian tentang pendugaan susunan populasi ikan mujair dengan menggunakan analisa frekwensi panjang telah dilakukanan mulcai tanggal 29 Nopember 1976 sampai dengan 1 Pebruari 1977 di Waduk Selorejo, kecamatan Ngantang, Kabupaten Malang, Propinsi Jawa Timur. Ikan contoh terdiri dari 2439 ekor dengan kisaran panjang antara 1 sampai dencan 31 cm, dan diperoleh dengan alat beach-seine eksperimentil, gill-net eksperimentil, dan gill-net proyek.
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Judul: Characterization of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate with Ratio of 70/30 Before and After Implanted into Sheep’s Bone
Abstrak: Nowadays, biphasic calcium phosphate is used for biomaterial to cure bone damage. This study focuses only on mixing ratio of 70% mass of hydroxyapatite and 30% mass of tricalcium phosphate with chitosan and acetic acid as the hardening. Pure HA had done by wet precipitation in sintering process at temperature of 900 oC while β-TCP is at temperature of 1000 oC. Mechanical method of BCP is proven to be a non toxic material and could absorb by the mineral body. Implanted BCP was characterized with XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDS and bone characterization with Vickers Hardness. In XRD analysis, the result is adding chitosan makes BCP less accuracy of pure HA and β-TCP. FTIR shows composition of BCP sample with HA, TCP, H2O, AKB, and N-H bending. SEMEDS releases ratio Ca/P of implant in post operation has irregularity caused by interaction with bone that supported by Vickers Hardness number. HV for 1 month of post operation have larger number for both implanted and control bone.
Keyword: β-TCP, HA, BCP
Judul: Penerapan analisis "ESS" terhadap pola diversitas serangga hasil tangkapan lampu perangkap
Abstrak: Teknik analisis "ESS" dapat digunakan untuk menganalisis data kekayaan dan kelimpahan spesies dan menelusuri peranan faktor penentu terhadap keragaman komposisi spesies. Teknik ini serupa dengan analisis ragam (tersarang) yang mengansumsikan data mengikuti sebaran multi nominal. ..dst
Keyword: Statistical analysis, Expected species shared

Judul: Dekomposisi keragaman indeks diversitas simpson, Shannon-Wiener dan Ess struktur komunitas tegakan hutan alam hujan tropika di Kalimantan Timur
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan dekomposisi keragaman struktur komunitas tegakan hutan alam hujan tropika yang diberikan oleh lndeks Diversitas Simpson, Shannon-Wiener dan ESS. Tegakan hutan alam merupakan komunitas yang disusun oleh spesies-spesies pohon. Ukuran yang lazim digunakan untuk menyatakan keanekaragaman suatu komunitas adalah indeks diversitas, antara lain adalah lndeks Diversitas Simpson dan Shannon-Wiener. Keragaman diversitas komunitas tegakan hutan alam ditentukan oleh (1) karakteristik habitat, antara lain sistem lahan, ketinggian dari permukaan laut dan kelerengan lapangan, dan (2) komposisi spesies-spesies dalam komunitas. Analisis ragam peubah tunggal Indeks Diversitas Simpson dan Shannon- Wiener k komunitas dapat dipertimbangkan untuk mendekomposisi diversitas komunitas ke dalam faktor penjelasnya, namun tidak memasukkan sumber keragaman diversitas akibat perbedaan komposisi spesies-spesies. Suatu nilai indeks diversitas dapat merupakan hasil pemetaan dari beberapa komunitas yang memiliki struktur yang berbeda. Dekomposisi keragaman struktur komunitas yang mempertimbangkan faktor spesies dan faktor-faktor penjelas lain yang tersarang dalam spesies seperti dikemukakan oleh Smith (1989) disebut 'Analisis ragam' Kemiripan Berdasarkan Harapan Dipatung Spesies (Expected Species Shared - ESS). Dalam Penelitian ini, data faktor-faktor lingkungan dan pencacahan spesies pohon berdiameter 20 cm ke atas dikumpulkan dari 68 petak ukur masing-masing berukuran 100 m x 100 m (1,0 ha) yang tersebar secara sistematik membentuk grid-grid dari ukuran 20 km x 20 km yang mencakup wilayah seluas ± 27.200 km2• Setiap petak ukur mewakili suatu komunitas tertentu. Pencatatan kelas (taraf) faktor-faktor Iingkungan dilakukan setelah data terkumpul. Fluktuasi dalam penyebaran, kelimpahan dan kekayaan spesies dan frekuensi spesies dalam petak ukur menunjukkan bahwa keragaman struktur komunitas dalam populasi cukup tinggi. ...
Keyword: Shannon, Wiener

Judul: Hydrothermal Synthesis of Biphasic Calcium Posphate
Abstrak: Biphasio calsium phosphate (BCP), which was a mixture of hydroxypatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP), was synthesized by hydrothermal method followed by sintering process. Hydroxyapatite was produced by using natural calcium source CaO from hen's eggshell and (NH4)2HPO4 as phosphate souce, other hydroxyapatite sample was produce by using synthetic calcium source Ca(OH) and H3PO4 as phosphate source.
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Judul: Seleksi Adaptasi Jenis Tanaman pada Tanah Tercemar Minyak Bumi
Abstrak: Oil operatiom leaves the waste that impact to the ground. The soil which contaminated petroleum contents TPH (Total Petroleum Hidrocarbon). One of the activities which can be done is phytoremediation, which purposes to reduce the level of TPH in the soil.
Keyword: Institut Pertanian Bogor, Adaptation test, Plant performance

Judul: Studi Efektivitas Surfaktan Dietanolamida (DEA) dari Metil Ester Olein Minyak Sawit pada Proses Bioremediasi Tanah Tercemar Minyak Bumi
Abstrak: Bioremediation is an alternative environmentally friendly technologies that quite effective, efficient, and economical which can be used to solve pollution of waste oil. The addition of surfactant in bioremediation processes is to increase the solubility of the oil in the liquid phase so that oil can be degraded by bacteria increase. The purpose of this study is testing the performance of surfactant diethanolamide on bioremediation of petroleum contaminated soil. Petroleum contaminated soil was simulated by mixing crude oil into the soil which is then added surfactant DEA, urea and TSP 36 in various compositions as a form of treatment. The analysis used in this study is the value of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH), pH, moisture content, and temperature. The addition of surfactant DEA, urea and TSP 36 can increase the degradation of TPH in soil contaminated with petroleum. The best treatment that can degrade TPH is treated with the addition of surfactant DEA (2,5%) with a ratio of C: N: P = 100: 7: 1,4 with 65,98% degradation of TPH during the 42 days incubation period.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), DEA, surfactant, total petroleum hidrocarbon, degradation, bioremediation

Judul: Konstruksi Hukum Grup Kurva Eliptik Atas F3m
Abstrak: Elliptic curves upon F3m can be divided in two cases, i.e. supersingular and nonsupersingular case. Based on group laws on elliptic curves, a new arithmetic upon F3m can be formulated as an addition process of two random points on the curve. This addition process can then be applied to the ElGamal algorithm.
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Judul: Peran ekstrak tempe terhadap kadar DNA dan RNA testis tikus usia lepas sapih
Abstrak: Tempeh is one of soy-based foods containing phytoestrogen which has similar benefit with estrogen. The phytoestrogen in soybean derived from isoflavone group. The objective of this research was to understand the effect of feeding tempeh extract on testes’ DNA and RNA level also testosterone concentration of weaning age rat until before puberty. Eighteen male rats were divided into two groups, which were control group that did not receive any treatment, and group that received 0.5 g/mL/day tempeh-extract-feeding treatment. At the age of 28, 42 and 56 days, testes and blood of male rats were collected. Parameters observed in this research were wet and dry weight testes, DNA and RNA levels, also testosterone concentration. Data obtained were analysed using Independent Samples T-test method with 95% confidence interval. Results showed that there was a significant decreasing (P<0.05) wet and dry weight testes, also total DNA and RNA level on age 28 days, but there were a significant increasing (P<0.05) on age 28 days. Testosteron concentration tended to decrease on 28 and 42 days old but it tended to increase on 56 days old.
Keyword: total of DNA and RNA, testosterone, testes, tempeh, phytoestrogen, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB)

Judul: Peran Ekstrak Etanol Tempe Terhadap Kadar DNA dan RNA Testis Tikus Jantan Usia 70 hari
Abstrak: Phytoestrogen is a subtance in soybean that have similiar structure with natural estrogen. Soybean is the main raw material of making tempe. Phytoestrogen are natural estrogen in isoflavon group. This study was conducted to investigate the role of tempe extract in reproduction performance of adult male rats. Nine male rats weaning age (21 days) were divided into 3 groups, control, treatment groups that were given a tempe extract 0.25 g/rat/day and 0.5 g/rat/day until ages of 48 days. Testicular wet weight, testicular dry weight, concentration of DNA levels, concentration of RNA levels, and sperms quantity in each group were measured. Data were collected at the age of 70 days and were analyzed using ANOVA test and Duncan test with 95% confidence interval (a=0.05).The results show that tempe extract of 0.25 g/rat/day could decrease the concentration of DNA levels and 0.5 g/rat/day increase the RNA levels and the sperm quantity.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University, tempe extract, male rats, rna, dna

Judul: Formulasi Hamiltonian untuk Menggambarkan Gerak Gelombang Soliter Dimensi Tiga di Permukaan Laut
Abstrak: Gelombang permukaan adalah gelombang yang terjadi perbedaan rapat massa antara air dan udara. Salah satu gelombang permukaan yang ditinjau adalah gelombang soliter. Formulasi gelombang soliter dilakukan dengan menggunakan formulasi Hamiltonian.
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Judul: Patogenesis Mastitis Subklinis yang Disebabkan oleh   Staphylococcus aureus pada Mencit Berdasarkan  Gambaran Histopatologi sebagai Hewan Model  untuk Sapi Perah
Abstrak: Kejadian mastitis pada sapi di Indonesia sangat tinggi, sebagian besar merupakan mastitis subklinis. Berbagai penyebab mastitis subklinis, di antaranya adalah bakteri. Salah satu bakteri yeng paling sering terisolasi dari sampel susu penderita mastitis subklinis adalah Staphylococcus ureus. Pada kasus mastitis subklinis, ambing sapi tidak memperlihatkan perubahan atau tanda-tanda sakit, akan tetapi dapat menimbulkan kerugian yang tidak sedikit, diantaranya karena penurunan produksi dan kualitas susu, pengafkiran susu, biaya pengobatan dan jasa dokter hewan.
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Judul: Pendugaan Mastitis Subklinis pada Sapi Perah Berdasarkan Komposisi Sel Somatik dalam Masa Kolostrum.
Abstrak: Mastitis merupakan salah satu kendala yang dihadapi pada peternakan sapi perah. Mastitis terdiri atas mastitis klinis dan subklinis. Prevalensi kejadian mastitis subklinis di Indonesia sampai tahun 2008 mencapai 85% sedangkan di daerah kabupaten Bogor pada tahun 1995 mencapai 87.10%. Kerugian yang dialami berupa penurunan produksi susu per kuartir per hari antara 9–45.5% yang disertai penurunan pendapatan peternak. Kerugian lain adalah penurunan kualitas susu yang mengakibatkan penolakan susu mencapai 30-40%, penyimpangan komposisi yang akan berpengaruh terhadap kualitas produk olahannya. Peningkatan biaya perawatan dan pengobatan serta pengafkiran ternak lebih awal adalah biaya tambahan yang harus dikeluarkan peternak. Kasus mastitis sekitar 97-98% merupakan mastitis subklinis, sedang 2-3% merupakan kasus mastitis klinis yang terdeteksi.
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Judul: Separation of Neodymium from U3Si2/Al Fuel Plate for Burn-Up Determination
Abstrak: Neodymium is a common fission product produced in nuclear fission reactions. Neodymium in this study was chosen as a burn-up indicator for U3Si2/Al fuel element plates because the neodymium isotope is a stable fission product with a fairly high yield. Some procedures were carried out to separate neodymium, starting with the separation of cesium isotopes (137Cs, 134Cs) through the precipitation method, then separation of uranium isotopes (235U, 238U) and plutonium isotopes (239Pu, 238Pu) with Dowex 1x8 ion exchange resin, and separation of neodymium (Nd), samarium (Sm), as well as cerium (Ce) with Dowex 1x4 ion exchange resin. The Cs recovery reached 99.95%. The U and Pu isotopes resulting from the separation are subjected to an electrodeposition process and the weight of each isotope can be measured with an alpha spectrometer. The separation results of Nd from Sm and Ce have been proven using an XRF spectrometer. The neodymium isotopes separation was corrected using the standard addition method, and an average total Nd content of 2.4 ppm was obtained in the PEB U3Si2/Al bottom solution. It is hoped that this separation method can be applied in determining burn-up of nuclear fuel.
Keyword: neodymium, burn-up indicator, U3Si2/Al fuel plate