Judul: Pertumbuhan dan interaksi antara Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterium longum dengan Escherichia coli pada sumber karbon yang berbeda
Abstrak: Sagu sebagai prebiotik diharapkan dapat menyeimbangkan dan menekan jumlah populasi bakteri kolon yang merugikan. Tahap pertama adalah menentukan aktivitas fase eksponensial dari kurva pertumbuhan tiap bakteri uji. Bakteri uji yang digunakan yaitu L.casei, B.longum,dan E.coli. Setelah dapat menentukan fase eksponensial tiap bakteri, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji prebiotik menggunakan berbagai sumber karbon. Sumber karbon yang digunakan adalah mi instan, pati sagu Pancasan, mi sagu Pancasan, dan mi sagu Ihur. Fase eksponensial bakteri L. casei dan B. longum terjadi antara selang waktu jam ke-2 hingga jam ke-6. Jumlah bakteri L. casei dan B. longum selama fase eksponensial adalah 1.99x1013CFU/ml dan 1.27x1013CFU/ml. Bakteri E. coli mengalami fase eksponensial antara selang waktu jam ke-3 hingga jam ke -6, laju pertumbuhan selama fase eksponensial cukup tinggi yaitu sebesar 1.01x1014CFU/ml.
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Judul: Karakteristik Pertumbuhan Bakteri Asam Laktat Indigenous Susu Sapi Segar Sebagai Kandidat Bakteri Probiotik Dalam Saluran Pencernaan in vitro
Abstrak: Functional foods in the form of probiotic yogurt serves as a food that provides health effects, especially in the digestive tract. This probiotic yogurt can maintain the balance the intestinal microflora, especially between beneficial and pathogen bacterials. Terms of the probiotic bacteria concerned to lactic acid bacteria that were able to survive at the digestive tract. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of lactic acid bacteria indigenous cow’s milk as a candidate of probiotic bacteria. Resistancy of lactic acid bacteria through different pH conditions, in presence of bile salts or antibiotics, were tested in the media that was conditioned as human digestive tract (in vitro). Lactic acid bacteria resistance was seen through a comparison of the original population before the treatment and the population after treatment. The results of this study, bacteria L. acidophilus Y-01, B. longum Y-01 and L. bulgaricus S-01 can be used as candidates probiotic bacteria because it survived in a pH condition (pH 2, 2,5, 3,2 and 7,2), the condition of bile salts, and antibiotics. Although the population of S. thermophilus S-01 and L bulgaricus S-01 decreased after treatment, all four of these bacteria also produce antimicrobial evidenced by the clear zone that formed around the supernatant. This antimicrobial activity showed inhibition to the growth pathogenic bacteria (E. coli, S. Typhimurium, and S. aureus).
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Judul: Penerapan teknik watermarking untuk penandaan hak cipta pada peta vektor dengan format DXF
Abstrak: Drawing Interchange Format (DXF) is one of the general file in the field of the vector image commonly used for making maps. The DXF format is a tagged data representation of all the information contained in an AutoCAD drawing (DWG) file. Tagged data means that each data element in the watermark is preceded by an integer number called the group code. The study was carried out because there is still no tools of labeling the copyright on digital mapping using DXF file. This study aims to generate an application for copyright labeling on vector map with DXF format that can be applied to any types of spatial objects in the map. The technique used is changing the code inside the vector image. The insertion of the watermark is done by utilizing ENTITIES section by multiplying objects for sets of binary values. The results showed that the image after the watermarking insertion process is the same as the original vector image. Embedded watermark is resistant to rotation and scaling, however it has the possibility of one-third to be broken in the attack on specific object. This study has successfully implemented watermarking technique for copyright labeling on the vector map with DXF format.
Keyword: Drawing Interchange Format, Robust Watermark, Tagged Data, Vector Image, Watermarking