Judul: Kombinasi Perlakuan Oksidasi, Penambahan Parafin dan Waktu Kempa pada Kualitas Papan Partikel tanpa Perekat dari Bambu Tali
Abstrak: Particleboard is an alternative solution of conventional boards that made from wood. Generally particleboard made with formaldehyde adhesives that have an additional negative impact on the environment due to large emissions. Binderless particleboard can be an alternative solution to replace conventional woodboard and also doesn't have a negative impact on the environment. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of the addition of paraffin, pressing time and oxidation on the physical and mechanical properties of the medium density binderless particleboard. Bamboo particle that as material was tali bamboo (Gigantochloa apus) taken from Bogor area. Bamboo was converted to particle used a circular saw, ring flaker and screener mesh size of 20 mesh, afterwards used to make binderless particleboard with a target density of 0.4-0.9 g/cm3. The pressing conditions was 180 °C in temperature, 25 kgf/cm2 in pressure. This study was conducted with a completely randomized factorial design, where the factors studied were the addition of paraffin, pressing time and oxidation treatment. Physical and mechanical characteristics of binderless particleboard were tested according to JIS A 5908 2003. The results showed that there were significantly different from each treatment on the quality of the board. Physical and mechanical test results also showed that the binderless particleboard with oxidation treatment, addition of paraffin and pressing for 20 minutes performed the best characteristics compared with other treatments.
Keyword: pressing time, paraffin, oxidation, binderless particleboard, bamboo

Judul: Pembuatan Papan Partikel dari Bambu dengan Perekat Resin Damar.
Abstrak: Bamboo contains high fiber (59.75%), so it is potential to be used as particleboard raw material. In this study, resin of damar was used as adhesive to substitute the synthetic adhesive such as urea and phenol formaldehide.The objective of this study were to determine the effect of pressing time andamount of resin added on physical and mechanical properties of particleboard, and determine to the treatment combination to produce the particleboard with best quality. This research was designed usingRandomized Block Design with 2 factors, including pressing time (10 and 14) and amount of resin added (12, 14, 16%) with pressing temperature (130 and 150oC) as a group. The result of variance analysis at 130oC showed that pressing time affecteddensity, water adsorption 2 and 24 hours, modulus of rupture and amount of resin added affected water content, thickness swelling 2 and 24 hours. Furthermore the result of variance analysis at 150oC showed that pressing time affected water content, modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, internal bond and amount of resin added affected thickness swelling 2 and 24 hours, modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture. Based on physical and mechanical, particleboardfrom the treatment of 10 min pressing time, 14% of damar resin and 150oC pressing temperature performed the best quality compared with other treatments.
Keyword: bamboo, damar, resin, particleboard

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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