Judul: GIS dan Remote Sensing untuk Analisis Kesesuaian Habitat Harimau Sumatera (Panthera tigris sumatrae) di Taman Nasional Bukit Tigapuluh dan Sekitarnya
Abstrak: Sumatran tiger is one of eight sub-species tiger in the world. Their distribution is limited in island of Sumatra. Their habitat and population are threatened by land conversion activities and also legal and illegal logging. Bukit Tigapuluh National Park is part of Bukit Tigapuluh landscape. This area is designated as a global protection priority area for sumatran tigers. Therefore, it is an urgent need to study their habitat suitability for management purposed. Geographical Information System and Remote Sensing can be used to achieve the objective. It can be applied for large area scale. This study aims to identify broad areas that are still suitable for tiger habitat. In the same time they can be utilized also to clarify the impact of land use change on sumatran tiger habitats. The logistic regression equation was used for habitat suitability prediction models. Logistic regression utilized presence and pseudo-absence data. Presence of tiger indicated by location of the camera trap that catched tiger as well as secondary markers, such as traces, scrape and dirt. Pseudo-absence data was set randomly at a buffer outside the area of presence. One hundred and six pairs of presence and pseudo-absence data used in this study. Environmental data was obtained from digital maps, ASTER GDEM, and Landsat 5TM. Six predictor variables were used including elevation, slope, distance from river, distance from roads, distance from settlements and NDVI. Research results indicated that altitude, slope, distance from rivers and NDVI have a significant influence on the models. Habitats with low suitability (198.351,99 ha) was greater than medium suitability (54.213,30 ha) and the high suitability is 264.619,71 ha. Extrapolation models on the time sequence image shows the influence of forest land cover changes on the appropriate area for tiger habitat.
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Judul: Spatial Model of Tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) Potential Habitat Suitability in Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Sumatra, Indonesia
Abstrak: Studi ini menerangkan tentang model spasial kesesuaian habitat potensial harimau di Taman Nasional Bukit Barisan Selatan (TNBBS). Studi ini menghubungkan penginderaan jauh dengan survey harimau sumatra dan satwa mangsanya yang di kumpulkan menggunakan kamera-trap untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor lingkungan dan manusia yang berpengaruh secara nyata terhadap habitat potensial harimau dan untuk membangun sebuah model spasial kesesuaian habitat potensial harimau di TNBBS. Hasil study menunjukan bahwa model spasial untuk memperkirakan kesesuaian habitat potensial harimau sumatra di TNBBS dapat dibangun menggunakan faktor-faktor lingkungan dan manusia. Faktor-faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kesesuaian habitat harimau di TNBBS adalah faktorfaktor manusia seperti jarak dari jalan dan jarak dari tepian hutan dan faktor lingkungan seperti jumlah satwa mangsa harimau. Hasil verifikasi model menunjukan bahwa model spasial ini dapat memperkirakan probabilitas kehadiran harimau dengan tingkat akurasi ± 78%. Hasil verifikasi model juga menunjukan bahwa data prediksi tidak berbeda nyata dengan data aktual dan memiliki sisaan rata-rata kurang dari 10%., and the smallest of the tiger subspecies. This charismatic flagship species for biodiversity protection is often considered a key species in Asian land-use plans aimed at conservation, restoration of degraded lands, and sustainable natural resource use. Today, Sumatran tigers have been classified as Critically Endangered on the IUCN 2006 Red List of Threatened Animals, as Appendix I under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). Currently, Sumatran tigers persist in isolated population throughout Sumatra included Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP). The number of tigers in BBSNP declined from 68 in 1992 to 43~40 animals in 1999. The recent estimate of tiger population size is 12~30 individuals. The greatest threats of Sumatran tigers in BBSNP are hunting pressure and habitat loss caused by deforestation and fragmentation by road development. BBSNP forest is as a habitat of tiger has been cleared dramatically. Kinnaird et al. (2003) and Gaveau et al. (2009) reported that almost half of BBSNP’s forest has been cleared. In addition, the environmental and human factors that influence the tiger’s potential habitat in BBSNP are also unidentified. Consequently, the root causes of habitat loss are often inadequately assessed. This study conducted to responses this problem by focusing two aspects, i.e., 1) identifying the environmental and human factors that influence the tiger’s potential habitat; and 2) developing a spatial model of tiger potential habitat suitability. Here, remotely-sensed data sets were linked with wildlife survey using camera traps to identify the environmental and human factors that influence the tiger’s potential habitat and to develop a spatial model of tiger’s potential habitat suitability as well as in BBSNP. The output is a spatial model of tiger potential habitat suitability that important for BBSNP manager and conservationists to manage tiger habitat better in BBSNP.
Keyword: Potential habitat suitability, Sumatran tiger, Spatial modeling, Camera trap, Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Habitat Snitability

Judul: Sintesis Nanorod Seng Oksida (ZnO) dengan Metode Sonokimia
Abstrak: Gelombang ultrasonik telah digunakan untuk membantu sintesis ZnO. ZnO terbentuk dari campuran ZnAc dan NaOH. ZnO disintesis dengan variasi konsentrasi ZnAc 0.5 M ( ZnO 1:1 ) dan 1.5 M ( ZnO 3:1 ) yang dicampurkan dengan NaOH konsentrasi 0.5 M. Sampel yang diporoleh dikarakterisasi dengan XRD dan SEM. Karakterisasi difraksi sinar-X menunjukkan bahwa struktur kristal ZnO yang dihasilkan merupakan heksagonal dengan pertumbuhan yang dominan pada orientasi bidang nonpolar a dengan indeks hkl 101. Kristalinitas dan kemurnian kristal ZnO 1:1 lebih baik dibandingkan ZnO 3:1 ditunjukan dengan intensitas puncak difraksi sinar-X yang lebih tinggi, sempit dan tajam. Untuk ukuran kristalit ZnO 1:1 mempunyai rata-rata ukuran kristalit 30.57 ± 4.31 nm sedangkan ZnO 3:1 mempunyai ukuran rata-rata 20.25 ± 7.12 nm. Dari ukuran kristal yang terbentuk partikel ZnO termasuk nanokristal. ZnO 1:1 terbentuk batang-batang nano (nanorods) sedangkan pada ZnO 3:1 tidak terbentuk batang-batang nano (nanorods). Untuk ukuran morfologi, ZnO 1:1 mempunyai rata-rata ukuran butiran kristal 230 nm dan lebih besar dibandingkan ukuran ZnO 3:1 yang mempunyai rata-rata ukuran butiran kristal 50 nm.
Keyword: nanorot, sintesis, sonokimia, ZnO