Judul: Masculinization of Freshwater Prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii in Immersion of Pine Pollen Pinus tabulaeformis
Abstrak: Tantangan utama produksi udang galah Macrobrachium rosenbergii adalah sifat kanibalisme dan variasi ukuran yang terdapat pada udang galah jantan. Produksi monoseks udang galah betina menjadi pilihan untuk menghasilkan ukuran udang yang seragam dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup tinggi. Udang galah jantan fungsional neomale dibutuhkan untuk menghasilkan monoseks udang galah betina melalui perkawinan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas penggunaan fitosteroid dari serbuk sari pinus Pinus tabulaeformis melalui perendaman larva untuk maskulinisasi udang galah menjadi jantan fungsional neomale. Empat perlakuan dengan tiga ulangan, terdiri dari ekstrak serbuk sari pinus 0,2 mL L-1; 0,4 mL L-1; 0,6 mL L-1; dan kontrol tanpa perendaman. Perendaman dilakukan selama 24 jam pada postlarva 15 udang galah dengan bobot 0,02 ± 0,001 g dan panjang 12 ± 0,3 mm. Pemeliharaan paska perendaman dilakukan selama 45 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan dosis serbuk sari pinus menghasilkan nisbah kelamin jantan berkisar 35-47% dan tidak berbeda nyata dengan kontrol (P > 0.05) demikian juga dengan tingkat kelangsungan hidupnya. Penggunaan ekstrak serbuk sari pinus Pinus tabulaeformis melalui perendaman larva udang galah Macrobrachium rosenbergii hingga dosis 0,6 mL L-1 tidak efektif terhadap pembentukan udang jantan fungsional neomale.
Keyword: Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Maskulinisasi, Serbuk Sari Pinus

Judul: Efektifitas Ekstrak Teripang Pasir yang Telah Diformulasikan terhadap Maskulinisasi Udang Galah
Abstrak: yang sudah diformulasikan untuk sex reversal juvenil udang galah (Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man) pada saat sebelum perubahan kelamin. Ekstrak teripang pasir merupakan alternatif hormon alamiah pengganti hormon sintetik dan bahan kimia lainnya dalam sex reversal. Perlakuan pemberian ekstrak teripang dengan metode dipping saat fase juvenil-satu udang galah atau 29 hari setelah menetas pada berbagai dosis dan dikombinasikan dengan tingkatan waktu perendaman yaitu 12, 24, dan 36 jam. Setelah 30 hari juvenil udang galah dipelihara, dilakukan analisis kadar testosteron dalam hemolymph. Pada dosis 10, 15, 25 mg/l dengan waktu perendaman 12, 24 dan 36 jam, secara umum baik ekstrak segar yang telah diformulasi maupun yang telah disimpan selama 30 hari dan juga telah diformulasi, mampu meningkatkan jumlah jantan. Pemberian 25 mg/l ekstrak teripang dengan waktu perendaman 36 jam, menghasilkan jumlah jantan tertinggi (66,66-67,31%). Ekstrak teripang pasir berpengaruh terhadap SR juvenil udang galah.
Keyword: Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man, Sex reversal, Monosex culture, Echinodermata, Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite