Judul: Pengaruh Penggunaan Tepung Bekicot sebagai Pengganti Tepung Ikan terhadap Alat Pencernaan Ayam Broiler Jantan
Abstrak: Penelitian untuk mempelajari pengaruh penggunaan tepung bekicot sebagai pengganti tepung ikan dalam ransum ayam broiler jantan terhadap P - lat Pencernaan telah dilakukan d i Labotariuu Ilmu Eiakanan Tern& Unggas, Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, dari tanggal 19 Nopember 1983 sampai tanggal 17 Januari 1984.
Keyword: 

Judul: Penggunaan tepung bekicot sebagai pengganti tepung ikan dalam ransum untuk produksi ayam broiler
Abstrak: Penelitian untuk mempelajari penggunaan tepung beki- cot sebagai pengganti tepung ikan dalam ransum untuk pro- duksi ayam broiler telah dilakukan di Fakultas Peternakan Institut Pertanian Bogor pada tanggal 19 Nopember 1983 sampai 10 Januari 1984. Sebanyak 150 ekor anak ayam (D.O.C) jantan CP 707 di- pelihara dalam 15 kandang beralas litter dan berdinding kawat dengan kepadatan 10 ekor perkandang permeter persegi. Perlakuan terditi atas Ro, R1 dan R2 dengan lima ulangan untuk masing-masing perlakuan. Ro adalah ransum yang menggunakan 20% tepung ikan tanpa tepung bekicot, R1 ransum yang mengandung 10% tepung ikan dan 10% tepung bekicot dan R2 adalah ransum yang mengguna- kan 20% tepung bekicot tanpa tepung ikan. Ransum dan air minum diberikan secara ad libitum. Penelitian dilakukan dalam rancangan acak lengkap. Setelah ayam berumur 6 minggu masing-masing diambil seba- nyak 10 ekor dari tiap perlakuan atau dua ekor tiap ulang- an untuk dipotong dan dilakukan seksi guna mempelajari pengaruh perlakuan terhadap komposisi perlakuan tubuh dan karkasnya. Hasil yang diperoleh dianalisa dengan analisis peragam (Covariance) model Y = Ti a X. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan : 1. Pertambahan bobot badan perekor perminggu tertinggi pada R1, kemudian berturut-turut Ro dan R2 yang terendah de- ngan besarnya konsumsi masing-masing 355.80 gram, 346.10 gram dan 333.50 gram untuk Ro, R1 dan R2. Konversi ransum terbaik pada R1 sebesar 1.76, kemudian berturut-turut R2 dan Ro yang lebih jelek yaitu 1.84 dan 1.90. 2. Perlakuan Ro, R1 dan R2 tidak berpengaruh nyata terha- dap bobot tubuh kosong pada bobot tubuh yang sama, demi- kian pula perlakuan tidak nyata pengaruhnya terhadap bobot karkas pada bobot tubuh kosong dan bobot tubuh yang sama....
Keyword: 

Judul: Systematics of Desmos (Annonaceae) in Malesia
Abstrak: Desmos is a woody climbing genus of Annonaceae which has been widely used as traditional medicine in several countries such as China, Indo-China, Thailand, and Peninsular Malaysia to treat dysentery, vertigo, fever, and postpartum. Phylogenetic studies on Desmos showed a close relationship between Desmos and Dasymaschalon. They share similar moniliform monocarpic fruits, but their flowers are different. It has been debated among Annonaceae researchers whether both genera should be treated as the same or distinct genus. Therefore, investigation on the taxonomic delimitation of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon will be necessary. Plastid genome (plastome) identification, leaf epidermal section of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon species, a taxonomic revision of Desmos in Malesia using morphological data, the spatial distribution of Desmos species in Malesia, and morphological and genetic variation in Desmos chinensis population using ISSR marker were used to investigate taxonomic delimitation of Desmos. Plastome study of Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was carried out to determine the origin, evolution, phylogenomics, and identify marker candidates for Desmos and Dasymaschalon or with other genera in Annonaceae. We discovered that the plastome of Desmos chinensis was circular with the size of 167,677 bp (smaller than Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum), consist of 111 genes, including 78 protein-coding genes, 29 transfer RNAs, and 4 ribosomal RNAs. The plastome showed a typical quadripartite structure, i.e., large single copy (LSC), small single copy (SSC), and two inverted repeats (IRs). The plastome of Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was 191,488 bp in length, which also exhibited a typical quadripartite structure (LSC, SSC, and two IRs). Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum showed different copies of accD, ndhD, ndhF, rps18, and ycf2. Protein coding genes of rpoB, rpoC1, rbcL, matK, rpl32, infA, and rpl36 were identified based on nucleotide diversity, sequence variability, and parsimony-informative sites. The genes are defined as molecular marker candidates of plastome for phylogenetic, barcoding, and population genetic research. We predicted that Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum separated at ca. 64 million years ago during the Paleocene. Leaf anatomical feature study was carried to support the taxonomic delimitation of interspecific Desmos and intergeneric of Desmos and Dasymaschalon. Leaf anatomy in the paradermal section of 20 taxa (12 species of Desmos, eight species of Dasymaschalon) have been carried out. According to the leaf epidermal section, Desmos and Dasymaschalon are two distinct genera mainly distinguished based on the anticlinal wall undulation of epidermal cells and supported by variation of the crystal type and size. The anticlinal wall undulation of Desmos was almost straight to slightly wavy and never sinuous; meanwhile, Dasymaschalon varies from almost straight to deeply sinusoid. The crystals of Desmos consist of rhombohedral, druse type A, and druse type B crystals, whereas Dasymaschalon has prism, druse type A, druse type B, and druse type C crystals. The recent taxonomic revision using the morphological data was mainly based on the examination of about 1374 specimens from BO, L, WAN, ANDA, SING, SAN, K, P, HUH herbaria. The Desmos species in Malesia consists of eight species: D. acutus, D. chinensis, D. chryseus, D. dunalii, D. pedunculosus, D. subbiglandulosus, two new records: D. lawii and D. macrocarpus, and one
Keyword: Dasymaschalon, Desmoid clade, Magnoliid, plastid genome, phylogenomics analysis