Judul: Pemberian Hijauan Berbeda pada Ransum Berbasis Dedak dan Ransum Komersial terhadap Performa dan Kolesterol Kalkun
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian eceng gondok, Indigofera, dan kangkung terhadap performa dan kandungan kolesterol daging kalkun. Kalkun yang digunakan sebanyak 12 ekor umur 40 minggu dengan rataan bobot badan awal 4798±551.78 g dan dipelihara selama enam minggu. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Perlakuan ransum terdiri dari 38% dedak, 35% ransum komersial, dan 27% hijauan yang terdiri atas eceng gondok (R1), Indigofera (R2), dan kangkung (R3). Peubah yang diamati adalah performa (konsumsi ransum, bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan, konversi ransum, persentase karkas, dan persentase lemak abdominal) dan kadar kolesterol daging. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian eceng gondok, Indigofera, dan kangkung pada kalkun tidak berpengaruh terhadap konsumsi ransum, bobot badan akhir, pertambahan bobot badan, konversi ransum, persentase karkas, dan persentase lemak abdominal. Hasil analisa kolesterol menunjukkan kandungan kolesterol kalkun pada ketiga perlakuan hijauan relatif rendah. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ransum eceng gondok, Indigofera, dan kangkung tidak mempengaruhi performa kalkun dan dapat menekan kolesterol daging dada kalkun.
Keyword: hijauan, kalkun, kolesterol, performa

Judul: Komposisi Kimia, Rasio Daging Per Tulang Dada dan Paha Kalkun yang Diberi Pakan Hijauan Berbeda
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh penggunaan eceng gondok, Indigofera dan kangkung dalam ransum terhadap komposisi kimia dan rasio daging per tulang dada dan paha kalkun. Kalkun yang digunakan sebanyak 6 ekor umur 49 minggu dengan rataan bobot potong 5097±163.88 g. Ransum terdiri atas 38% dedak padi, 35% pakan komersial dan 27% hijauan yang terdiri atas eceng gondok (R1), Indigofera (R2) dan kangkung (R3). Semua data yang diperoleh dianalisis deskriptif, setiap perlakuan 2 ulangan. Peubah yang diamati adalah komposisi kimia pada daging dada dan paha, rasio daging per tulang dada dan paha. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa daging dada dan paha kalkun mengandung air 70.47%-75.24%, protein kasar 20.36%-22.26% dan lemak kasar 1.14%-2.41%. Rasio daging per tulang dada 10.80-12.56 dan paha 4.20-9.54. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian hijauan (eceng gondok, Indigofera dan kangkung) pada ransum kalkun menghasilkan komposisi kimia daging dan rasio daging per tulang tidak jauh berbeda.
Keyword: hijauan, kalkun, karkas, komposisi kimia

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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