Judul: Bio-economic model of multispecies exploitation of pelagic fishery resources in bali strait
Abstrak: Tropical fishery resources in Indonesia comprised of diverse species resources, thus one type of fishing gear may yield more than one species of fish. Indonesian pelagic fishery resources feature rich potentials, with particular interest to Bali Strait, in where most of existing fishery resources were exploited using purse seine with double fishing lines. This type of fishing gear captured several species of fish, e.g. Lemuru (Sardinella spp.), Tongkol (Euthynnus spp.), Layang (Decapterus spp.), Kembung (Rastrelliger spp.), etc. Accordingly, this research aimed to: (1) analyze exploitation level multispecies pelagic fishery resources in Bali Strait; (2) analyze the optimal level of exploitation and sustainable fisheries for pelagic multispecies resources; and (3) to determine appropriate management policies. The analytical method used was bio-economic multispecies approach with reference to dependencies between different species in Bali Strait. The results showed present condition of exploitation of pelagic multispecies fishery in Bali Strait, and the actual production is lower compare to sustainable production. Current biological and economical thresholds were higher than current exploitation yield. Similar profile was noted for the actual production and fishing effort, which were below optimal value. Consequently, this study revealed that pelagic fishery resources management in the Bali Strait featured inadequate level of economic efficiency. The existing exploitation method for pelagic fishery resources in Bali Strait with purse seine using two fishing lines can be increased in order to obtain the maximum economic benefits, while still maintaining fisheries sustainability for multispecies resources. Maximum economic rents was obtained from cumulative economic rents of different pelagic fish species. Thus, multispecies approach should be the basis in determining the policy of pelagic fishery resources management in Indonesia.
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Judul: Model of sustainable sardine fisheries management in the Bali Strait
Abstrak: Fisheries management, particularly capture fisheries, is very complex and requiring the integration of biological, ecological, economical and social aspects. Adjusting a sustainable management of fisheries resources, it is needed attention to the aquatic ecosystem as the habitat for fish. Sardine (Sardinella lemuru Bleeker 1853) is the main source of livelihood for the fishermen on the coast of Bali Strait. Sardine is a small pelagic fish which caught for the public consumption and for canned fish industry. The main fishing gears used by the fishermen of the Bali Strait for catching sardine are purse seine (a major fishing gear). The other fishing gears which used are payang (boat seine net), gillnet, bagan (lift net), and beach seine. The exploitation of fishery resources in Bali strait waters were influence both in fish catch and revenue of the local government. Based on these facts, management of sardine fish resources in order to anticipate over fishing as well as to keep the fishers income sustainability is needed. Monitoring and control of sardine resource exploitation are needed to reach a sustainable and well-maintained management. To solves these problems the study has been conducted in Banyuwangi, East Jawa and Jembrana, Bali. The main purpose of this study is formulating a model of sustainable sardine fisheries management in the Bali Strait. Using sustainable approach, the detail aims of this study are to identify: (1) main factor effect of oceanography and climatology on the catch of sardine; (2) productivity and fishing effort of sardine (3) social and economic conditions of fishermen and the fishermen institutional role, (4) appropriate fishing gear of sardine fishes, and (5) developed model of dynamics system of sustainable sardine fisheries management. The results of this study showed that the chlorophyll-a and wind were influence the catch of sardine significantly. Sardines that identified as a plankton feeder have already utilized intensively at optimum level. Based on economic and technical aspects, purse seine has high opportunity to be developed in Bali Strait. Furthermore, using dynamics model this study suggested to operate 165 fishing effort (purse seine). This scenario was the better choices compared with existing condition and other scenario which operate 184 units fishing efforts.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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