Judul: Benthic Macroavertebrate Biodiversity in The Patengan Lakes and Its Relationship With Water Quality, Sediments and Lake Shoreline Land Use
Abstrak: Situ Patengan merupakan salah satu danau dataran tinggi di Jawa Barat yang berada pada ketinggian ±1600 mdpl yang merupakan habitat berbagai organisme di dalamnya termasuk makroavertebrata bentik. Situ ini dikelilingi oleh berbagai kegiatan antropogenik di antaranya adalah resort, restoran, warung, pariwisata dan perkebunan. Kondisi tersebut dapat mempengaruhi kondisi kualitas lingkungan dan komunitas makroavertebrata bentik. Selama penelitian, ditemukan sebanyak 6 ordo yang terdiri atas 9 famili dan 20 genus makroavertebrata bentik di perairan Situ Patengan. Famili Chironomidae merupakan kelompok yang cukup dominan baik dari sisi kelimpahan maupun jumlah jenis. Selain itu, jenis Naididae cukup melimpah, selain jenis Perlidae dan Atyiidae yang merupakan bioindikator. Tubificidae, Glossiphonidae dan Lumbriculidae lebih berasosiasi dengan tutupan lahan pertanian maupun lahan buatan dan kondisi lingkungan yang memiliki tekanan lebih tinggi. Sedangkan famili Atyiidae dan Perlidae lebih berasosiasi dengan kondisi lingkungan baik dan tutupan lahan hutan/alami., Situ Patengan is one of the highland lake in West Java which is located at an altitude of ±1600 meters above sea level which is the habitat of various organisms including benthic macroinvertebrates. This lake is surrounded by various anthropogenic activities including resorts, restaurants, stalls, tourism, and plantations. These conditions can affect environmental quality conditions and benthic macroinvertebrate communities. During the study, 6 orders consisting of 9 families and 20 genera of macroinvertebrates were found in the waters of Situ Patengan. The Chironomidae family is a dominant group both in terms of abundance and number of species. In addition, the species of Naididae are quite abundant, apart from the types of Perlidae and Atyiidae which are bioindicators. Tubificidae, Glossiphonidae and Lumbriculidae are more associated with agricultural land cover and artificial physical land and environmental conditions that have higher pressure. Meanwhile, the families Atyiidae and Perlidae are more associated with good environmental conditions and forest/natural land cover
Keyword: danau, kualitas air, makroavertebrata, penggunaan lahan, sedimen

Judul: Struktur Komunitas Makrozoobentos dan Keterkaitannya dengan Kualitas Air di Perairan Teluk Banten
Abstrak: Tingginya aktivitas antropogenik di kawasan pesisir Teluk Banten berpotensi menurunkan kualitas perairan akibat masuknya bahan-bahan organik dan anorganik. Penurunan kualitas air tersebut akan berdampak terhadap kehidupan biota, salah satunya makrozoobentos. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis struktur komunitas makrozoobentos dan keterkaitannya dengan kualitas air di Teluk Banten. Penelitian dilakukan selama enam bulan, sejak bulan September 2022 hingga Februari 2023 dengan enam titik stasiun pengamatan. Metode yang digunakan terdiri dari analisis kualitas air secara insitu dan eksitu berupa sampel makrozoobentos yang diambil menggunakan Ekman Grab, parameter kualitas air, dan substrat. Analisis data yang dilakukan terdiri dari kepadatan, keanekaragaman, keseragaman, dominansi, tipe substrat, analisis similaritas, dan analisis komponen utama. Makrozoobenthos yang diperoleh terdiri dari enam kelas, yaitu Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Polychaeta, Scapopoda, Malacostraca, dan Echinoidea. Kepadatan makrozoobentos tertinggi pada musim kemarau di bulan September. Indeks keanekaragaman yang diperoleh terkategori tinggi dengan keseragaman dan dominansi yang rendah. Kualitas air yang paling berpengaruh bagi makrozoobentos di Teluk Banten, yaitu DO dan suhu., The high anthropogenic activities in the coastal area of Banten Bay have potential to reduce water quality due to the load of organic and inorganic materials. The decrease in water quality will have an impact on biota life, one of which is macrozoobenthos. This study aims to analyze the structure of the macrozoobentos community and its relationship with water quality in Banten Bay. The study was conducted for six months, from September 2022 to February 2023 with six observation stations. The method used consists of in situ and ex situ water quality analysis in the form of macrozoobenthos samples taken usingEkman Grab, water quality parameters, and substrate. The data analysis carried out consisted of density, diversity, uniformity, dominance, substrate type, similarity analysis, and principal component analysis. The macrozoobenthos obtained consist of six classes, namely Bivalves, Gastropods, Polychaeta, Scapopoda, Malacostraca, and Echinoidea. The density of macrozoobenthos was highest at dry season in September. The diversity index is categorized as high with low uniformity and dominance. The most influential water quality for macrozoobentos in Banten Bay is DO and temperature.
Keyword: makrozoobentos di Teluk Banten, kualitas air, struktur komunitas, Teluk Banten

Judul: Sintesis Flavonol melalui 2’-Hidroksikalkon
Abstrak: Flavonol is a class of flavonoids commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Flavonol is very useful, especially in food sector and health. In this study, flavonol unsubstituted was successfully synthesized from an intermediate material 2’-hydroxychalcone. The 2’-hydroxychalcone was synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation method between o-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde using 4 different catalysts, namely KOH 60%, solid pellet of KOH-grinding technique, BF3-Et2O, and NaH in DMF. The KOH 60% was the best catalyst, giving the highest yield (57%). Afterward, the flavonol was synthesized in 1-stage oxidation cyclization of o-hydroxyacetophenone using Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction, giving 76%. The flavonol total yield from 2’-hydroxychalcone was 43%. All synthesized products were characterized by their melting points and their spectra. The success of the synthesis flavonol opens the way to synthesis of useful flavonol derivatives such as quercetin and kaempferol
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