Judul: Economic Analysis of Benefit Value of Coral Reef Ecosystem in Ternate Island North Maluku Province
Abstrak: Artisanal fishermen are people whose economic activities depend on natural resource especially coral reef ecosystem. In Ternate Island there are 729 fishermen household. Who are running some economic activities, including destructive fishing practices . The aim of this research is to estimate the benefit value of coral reef in Ternate Island using Effect on Production (EoP) approach. This approach mainly applies to estimate the difference in value of productive output before and after the impact of activity. The results of this research show that the actual economic values of coral reef in Ternate Island based on cross section data is Rp 21.027.933.840,00, while produce an estimation of present value of the benefit is Rp 384.542.778,79. Furthermore, the present value of residual rent is as of estimated to be Rp 239.081.334,38. Based on the time series appproach, it is estimated that a loss of benefit after 10 years has been occurred. Therefore foregone benefit value of coral reef in 10 years is Rp 5.097.140.400,00 or Rp 2.842.800.000,00 per hectare.
Keyword: 

Judul: Analisis Ekologi–Ekonomi Pengelolaan Perikanan Berbasis Ekosistem Terumbu Karang (Studi Kasus Perairan Pulau Liwutongkidi, Kabupaten Buton,
Abstrak: Coral reef one among the most productive and biologically diverse ecosystem on the earth. This thesis tries to explore ecological and economic value of coral reef at Liwutongkidi, Buton District. This study aims to identify: (1) Identified base substrate composition characteristic, fish community structure (2) To estimate coral reef ecosystem economical value and (3) To provide coral reef ecosystem management concept based on ecology-economic model on Liwutongkidi Islands marine conservation area. The percentage of live coral cover estimated around 13:01% - 72.50% on the island Siompu, Kadatua and Liwutongkidi, with the average 46.92% based on lifeform and can be classified as moderate category. Based on reef fish census was found that the major fish group was 3,899 individuals, indicator fish groups was 347 individuals, and the target fish group was 1625 individuals with a diversity between 2.71 - 4.72, which has mean they were all in medium till high category, the uniformity of reef fish between 0.69 - 0.92 which has mean a high category and stable communities. Economy Total (NET) from the direct benefits of coral fisheries resources utilization in coral Kapoa Village, Villages and Countryside Tongali, Waonu were respectively Rp. 11.579.106,17, Rp. 43.051.173,27 and Rp. 15.640.846,46 per month. System analysis and coral fisheries simulation result showed that the third scenario was more ideal in fish biomass simulation analysis on Liwutongkidi Islands conservation area and surrounds, there was a reciprocal relationship amongst catch efforts and fish biomass in a whole time.
Keyword: 

Judul: Cycle Hamilton pada Graf Lengkap, Graf Regular, dan Graf 2-Connected 4-Regular Berorder Kurang dari Sepuluh
Abstrak: Suatu graf disebut graf Hamilton apabila graf tersebut memuat cycle Hamilton, yaitu cycle yang melewati setiap vertex tepat satu kali. Menentukan keberadaan cycle Hamilton pada suatu graf dapat menggunakan syarat cukup yang berupa teorema-teorema yang telah diperkenalkan sejak tahun 1950-an. Beberapa syarat cukup yang dibahas dalam karya ilmiah ini adalah syarat cukup yang berhubungan dengan graf lengkap dan graf regular. Suatu graf lengkap berorder 𝑛������ ≥ 3 dan graf r-regular berorder 𝑛������ ≤ 2𝑟������ + 1 merupakan graf Hamilton, Karena kedua graf tersebut memuat cycle Hamilton. Selanjutnya, syarat cukup tersebut digunakan untuk menentukan keberadaan cycle Hamilton pada graf 2-connected 4- regular berorder kurang dari 10.
Keyword: graf Hamilton, graf regular, graf lengkap, graf 2-connected 4-regular