Judul: Analisis Suhu Permukaan Laut dan Klorofil-a, Hubungannya dengan Hasil Tangkapan Madidihang (Thunnus albacares) di Perairan Selatan Sulawesi Tenggara
Abstrak: Saat ini citra satelit telah banyak digunakan sebagai acuan dalam pendeteksian daerah penangkapan ikan pelagis termasuk madidihang (Thunnus albacares) berdasarkan karakteristik suhu permukaan laut (SPL), upwelling, front dan klorofil-a.
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Judul: Analisis Suhu Permukaan Laut dan Klorofil-a dari Citra Aqua-Modis Dan Hubungannya dengan Hasil Tangkapan Ikan Pelagis di Selat Sunda.
Abstrak: Perairan Selat Sunda merupakan salah satu wilayah yang berperan penting dalam kegiatan perikanan di nusantara. Dinamika perairan Selat Sunda dipengaruhi oleh aliran dari Laut Jawa dan Samudera Hindia, sehingga pencampuran kedua massa air ini mempengaruhi kelimpahan dan produktivitas perikanan pelagis di wilayah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis variabilitas suhu permukaan laut (SPL) dan konsentrasi klorofil-a permukaan dengan hasil tangkapan ikan pelagis di perairan Selat Sunda. Hasil tangkapan dalam penelitian ini dikhususkan untuk jenis ikan tongkol (Euthynnus sp.). Penelitian dilakukan dari Februari hingga Agustus 2011, yang meliputi kegiatan pengunduhan dan pemrosesan citra pada bulan Februari-April, serta pengambilan data sekunder perikanan tangkap dilakukan pada Agustus 2011. Data satelit Aqua MODIS yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berasal dari tahun 2007 hingga 2010, yang diolah dan ditampilkan dengan menggunakan program SeaDas 5.2. Data hasil tangkapan yang digunakan adalah data berdasarkan Cacth Per Unit Effort (CPUE) yang diperoleh dari TPI Labuan, Banten. Analisis data Aqua MODIS menunjukkan bahwa umumnya pada musim barat (November-Januari) perairan Selat Sunda memiliki SPL dan konsentrasi klorofil-a yang rendah. Hal tersebut diikuti dengan hasil tangkapan yang cenderung menurun atau CPUE rendah. Pada musim timur (Mei-Juli), perairan Selat Sunda memiliki SPL dan konsentrasi klorofil yang tinggi, serta hasil tangkapan ikan yang cenderung meningkat. SPL pada musim timur mempunyai kisaran suhu 29-30,5 °C yang diduga merupakan suhu optimum bagi ikan tongkol. Uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada korelasi yang erat antara parameter SPL dan konsentrasi klorofil-a dengan hasil tangkapan ikan tongkol (CPUE) di perairan Selat Sunda. Hal ini dikarenakan adanya waktu tunda (time lag) antara kenaikan konsentrasi klorofil-a dengan puncak hasil tangkapan ikan tongkol
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Judul: The Effects of Variance of Interest rate to Variance of Annuity Future Values
Abstrak: Time value of money is a concept that refers to the difference of the value of money due to time difference. The value of money for present time would not be the same as the value of money in the future. The value of money for present time is called as Present Value (PV) of the money and the value of money for future time is called Future Value (FV) of the money. Determination the value of money, for present and future time, depends on the time and rate of return. The value of money is determined by several factors such as inflation, fluctuation of interest rates, and government policy in securities and taxation. Due to fluctuation of the value of money we need a FV formulation, it is useful for knowing whether an investment can be profitable or not, and this information is useful also in budget analysis. Annuity is defined as a series of payments made for a specific period. The payment, fixed or varied, can be made at the beginning or at the end of the period. Annuity paid at the beginning of the period is called annuity-due and annuity paid at the end of the period is called immediate annuity-certain. The accumulated value of the annuity after few years later is called as a final value or a future value. Burnecki et al. (2003) have discussed about the FV of a fixed-rate annuity in which payments are made according to the arithmetic or geometric series. They have also examined FV for annuities in which payments are made according to arithmetic or geometric series with random rates of interest. This paper examines FV for annuity-due in which payments are made according to arithmetic or geometric series with interest rates as a random variable, which is normal distribution ,  . Future value formula is expressed in recursive form. FV for annuity-due which payments are made according to the arithmetic or geometric series with random rates of interest is calculated by theoretical way and simulation way. The random rates of interest is denoted as k k i  i  , where k i an independent random variable; i is a constant and k  is a random variable which has normal distribution ,  . By using the determined parameters, a sequence of random rates of interest are generated for theoretical calculation. Meanwhile for the simulation, the random rates of interest is generated 1000 times for the simulation. The generated data give mean value, variance, and standard deviation. Moreover, error of mean value, variance, and standard deviation from the theoretical and simulation results are calculated. Error calculation uses Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error (SMAPE). The smaller the value of SMAPE is the more accurate the simulation. The interest rate variances are varied from 0.000036 to 0.0001 to study the relationship between variance of rates of interest and variance of future value. The theoretical and simulation results show that when the variance of random rates of interest increases, then the variance of FV increases linearly. FV of the annuity-due in
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