Judul: Formulating a Collaborative Strategy to Develop Innovation in the Palm Oil Industry
Abstrak: Indonesia is the biggest producer of palm oil in the world with 31.5 million tons in 2014 and had export value almost 21 million USD. On the other hand, the economic value of Indonesian palm oil is lower than Malaysia. It happened because innovation in the palm oil Industry is less developed. However, the development of innovation in palm oil industry is not only increasing the economic value but also creating new jobs for Indonesian. But, many problems happen in the developing process, one of them is the lack of collaboration among stakeholders. Therefore, the aim of the study is formulating a strategy to develop innovation in the palm oil industry and a collaboration strategy among stakeholders to accelerate the development process. The research is using a case study strategy, with an inductive approach and interpretive philosophy. Data collection is using interviews with an expert from Industry, a researcher from University, and a researcher from research institution, a government officer from Ministry of Industry and an executive director of Indonesian Palm Oil Association. The data is analyzed by a triangulation method. The result showed that the availability of the market becomes the main factor for an enterprise to develop innovation. Moreover, before conducting research, the industry categorizes their problems into four sections urgent-direct, urgent-indirect, less urgent-direct, and less urgent-indirect. Based on that, they can prepare a short-term and a long-term strategy. The strategy to develop innovation is different between upstream and downstream industry, because the development of innovation in downstream industry is more complex rather than the upstream industry. Furthermore, the government can help the industry to accelerate the development process by providing more incentive both for industry and research institution. For the industry, the incentive is in form of tax reduction and for research institutions and university is in term of more budget to buy equipment, laboratory instrument and machinery.
Keyword: Palm oil, innovation, downstream industry, market, collaboration

Judul: An Analysis of Innovation Network Performance on the Palm Oil Industry in North Sumatera
Abstrak: Indonesia and Malaysia shared 85% of global palm oil production by weight in 2013, according to United States Department of Agriculture (USDA, 2014). Indonesia overtook Malaysia as the biggest producer of palm oil and reached a total production of 30 million tons in 2014 (Ministry of Agriculture, 2015). Although Indonesia became the leading country in the production of palm oil, most of this commodity are exported as Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and Crude Palm Kernel Oil (CKPO) to Europe, China and India, so the value added going to another country. Therefore, the government wants to resolve this problem by increasing the added value of palm oil products. Innovation is the key factor to increase the added value of palm oil products. Indonesian government set North Sumatera as a center of palm oil industry and encourage the growth of innovation in this region. Advances in innovation are considered as the main factor that affect the regional competitiveness and become the key factor for increasing national economic growth. Moreover, collaboration between government, universities and firms are important to produce the expected innovation. This paper assess the effectiveness of network among actors on the palm oil industry in North Sumatera. A Social Network Analysis (SNA) was carried out to determine the structure and performance of this network. The result show that the government play insignificant role in this industry, while research institutions have more influence. Moreover, this study also identify the barriers which inhibit the collaboration among actors. This study use interpretive analysis based on the interviews to recommend some action plan, which are intended to improve the network.
Keyword: palm oil industry, social network analysis, interpretive analysis

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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