Judul: Pendugaan Daerah Kepercayaan dan Kestabilan Genotipe pada Model AMMI Menggunakan Metode Resampling Bootstrap
Abstrak: Additive Main Effects Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) is the widely analysis used in understanding of genotype and environment interaction (GEI) in plant breeding research. The interpretation of AMMI based on biplot visualize the first two component of principle components analysis. Biplot of AMMI is only exploration analysis and it is not provide the hypothesis testing, so it can result the different interpretation by plant breeding researchers. The aim of this research is to find a systematic approach through bootstrap resampling method. Bootstrap resampling method on AMMI model produce confidence region of first two interaction principle component (􀜫􀜲􀜥1 and 􀜫􀜲􀜥2) for genotype and environment respectively. Bootstrap confidence region of 􀜫􀜲􀜥1 and 􀜫􀜲􀜥2 were estimate the stability of genotype, thus making the AMMI analysis more precise and realiable for characterization and selection of population for genetic environment.
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Judul: Pendugaan parameter model AMMI dengan komputasi menggunakan pendekatan bayes, Parameter estimation of ammi models with computation using  bayesian approach
Abstrak: Statistics on the application of plant breeding research has long used primarily in quantitative genetics. Modeling requirements for selection is needed to support efforts to obtain improved varieties. In modeling, there are two main paradigms used to estimate model parameters as the frequentist and Bayesian. Standard AMMI is a classical method has been used extensively for modeling and analysis genotype and environmental interactions. Homogeneity variance error is one of assumptions that must be satisfied in this method. Heterogeneity of variance error can lead to errors in conclusions regarding treatment effect. This study focuses attention on the computational efficiency of Bayesian in AMMI model parameters assumed in the data with heterogeneous variance error and evaluate the suitability of the configuration of genotype and environment interactions in Biplot AMMI. In the data with heterogeneous variance error, there are various differences between the treatment which is likely to cause a reduction in the efficiency of variance estimators in suspected treatment effect. Data transformation is usually used to overcome the problem of heterogeneity variance error. However, it is often quite difficult to obtain a suitable transformation and interpretations of treatment effect obtained from the transformation of data. Therefore we need another approach that can overcome the problem of heterogeneity variance error. The continued development of computerization, the Bayesian approach is a method that has been used to estimate parameters of linier-bilinier model. Bayesian approach is utilizing prior information about parameters to be expected and information from the sample that will be combined to get a posterior distribution. In this paper was evaluated the use of Bayesian approach to estimate model parameters and configuration AMMI biplot. There are two types of data used in this study, the simulated data and real data results of multilocation trials. Each type of data has homogeneous and heterogeneous variance. Prior distribution was a conjugate prior and values for posterior distribution were estimated by Gibbs sampling algorithm. The analysis showed that the Bayesian approach was quite efficient to estimate genotype and environment interaction effect. In fact, AMMI-BS using the BIC to determine the number of principal components of the interaction has a higher efficiency than AMMI-B. Bayesian approach to efficient enough in assuming an interaction effect can be seen from the variance that are smaller than standard AMMI. If the estimation of bilinier components of each method is used to construct the AMMI biplot to know the configuration of interaction structure, there are relatively similar in configuration among the three methods.
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Judul: Perumusan Strategi Bisnis Pt.Karana Line
Abstrak: PT. Karana Line adalah sebuah perusahaan pelayaran yang memberikan layanan jasa transportasi laut. Perusahaan ini didirikan pada tanggal 25 April 1967 di Jakarta. Pada bulan Mei 1999 jumlah tenaga kerja mencapai 329 orang. PT.Karana Line merupakan salah satu anggota Indonesian National Shipowner Association (INSA) dan Indonesian National Line (INL) yang cukup dikenal di Indonesia. Pada tanggal 21 November 1988 pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan yang dikenal dengan Paket Kebijaksanaan November (PAKNOV) 21/1988 dimana dengan adanya kebijakan ini banyak bermunculan perusahaan pelayaran yang tidak memiliki kapal sendiri. Padahal kepemilikan kapal merupakan salah satu persyaratan pendirian perusahaan pelayaran yang cukup berat sebelum adanya PAKNOV 21/1988. Meskipun perusahaan- perusahaan pelayaran tersebut tidak memiliki kapal sendiri, namun dapat mengoperasikan dan mengageni kapal nasional maupun asing, sehingga terjadi persaingan ketat dalam bidang angkutan laut di Indonesia. Krisis ekonomi dan politik yang melanda Indonesia menjelang era pasar bebas telah mendorong PT Karana Line untuk menerapkan strategi yang sesuai dengan kondisi internal maupun eksternal perusahaan. Untuk itu perlu ditelaah 1). Faktor faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi perkembangan - usaha PT.Karana Line, 2). Strategi apa yang akan digunakan untuk keberhasilan pengembangan usaha PT. Karana Line, 3). Program apa yang perlu dilakukan untuk mewujudkan strategi dalam mengembangkan usaha PT.Karana line, 4). Sistem pelayanan mana yang perlu dioptimalkan, sehingga memberikan keuntungan maksimal....dst
Keyword: strategi bisnis