Judul: Utilization of VIIRS Boat Detection Data and Vessel Monitoring System Data for Surveillance Fishing Vessel Activities in Anambas Marine Protected Area
Abstrak: Aktivitas pelanggaran penangkapan ikan pada zona larang tangkap kawasan Taman Wisata Perairan (TWP) menyebabkan berbagai permasalahan yang harus ditangani oleh Loka Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Nasional Pekanbaru (LKKPN Pekanbaru) Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan Republik Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kapal perikanan yang beroperasi di perairan Kabupaten Kepulauan Anambas, mendeteksi kemungkinan adanya aktivitas pelanggaran penangkapan ikan pada zona larang tangkap TWP Anambas, serta membandingkan pelanggaran penangkapan ikan yang terjadi pada zona larang tangkap TWP Anambas. Penelitian ini menggunakan data VIIRS Boat Detection (VBD) dan Vessel Monitoring System (VMS). Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif, spasial overlay, dan analisis komparatif-deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas penangkapan ikan di TWP Anambas tidak hanya dilakukan oleh kapal yang berukuran 1-10 GT, namun terdapat aktivitas penangkapan yang dilakukan oleh kapal berukuran 30 GT atau lebih. Berdasarkan analisis spasial overlay, terdapat kesesuaian data antara data VBD dengan data VMS pada kawasan TWP Anambas. Beberapa rekomendasi tindakan dalam pengembangan pengawasan aktivitas kapal perikanan pada zona larang tangkap diantaranya adalah 1) penggunaan data satelit dan piranti penelusuran jejak sebagai early warning system dalam kegiatan pengawasan kapal perikanan; 2) mengembangkan algoritma yang dapat mengolah dan menganalisis langsung data mengenai sebaran dan posisi kapal pada kawasan konservasi perairan; 3) menandai/ marking transmitter kapal perikanan yang terdeteksi melakukan pelanggaran pada zona larang tangkap kawasan; 4) mengambil menyita SIPI (Surat izin penangkapan ikan) kapal perikanan yang terbukti melakukan pelanggaran, Fishing violation activities in the no-take zone of the Marine Protected Area (TWP) cause various problems that must be addressed by the Pekanbaru National Marine Conservation Area (LKKPN Pekanbaru) and the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia. This research aims to identify fishing boats operating in the waters of the Anambas Islands Regency, detect possible fishing violations that occur in the no-take zone of TWP Anambas, compare fishing violations that occur in the no-take zone of TWP Anambas. This research uses VIIRS Boat Detection (VBD) and Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) data. The data analysis used was descriptive analysis, spatial overlay, and comparative analysis. The results showed that fishing activities in TWP Anambas were not only carried out by boats measuring 1-10 GT, but there were fishing activities carried out by vessels of 30 GT or more. Based on the spatialanalysis overlay, there is data compatibility between VBD data and VMS data in the TWP Anambas area. Several recommendations for actions in the development of monitoring of fishing vessel activities in the no-take zone include 1) using satellite data as an early warning system in fishing vessel surveillance activities; 2) developing algorithms that can process and analyze data directly on distribution patterns and ship positions in marine protected areas; 3) marking fishing boat transmitters detected in fishing violations in the no-take zone area; 4) take or confiscate a fishing boat SIPI (fishing permit) proven to have committed a violation
Keyword: fishing vessel, surveillance, VBD (VIIRS Boat Detection), VMS (Vessel Monitoring System), no take zone

Judul: Utilization of VIIRS Boat Detection and Vessel Monitoring System for the Surveillance of Light Fishing Vessels in Sawu Sea National Marine Park
Abstrak: Tingginya potensi sumberdaya hayati yang dimiliki Laut Sawu membuat peluang terjadinya pelanggaran penangkapan ikan pada malam hari di Taman Nasional Perairan (TNP) Laut Sawu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan sebaran kapal light fishing yang beroperasi dan mendeteksi kemungkinan adanya aktivitas pelanggaran penangkapan ikan di dalam kawasan TNP Laut Sawu serta merekomendasikan tindakan lanjut pengawasan dan pemantauan kapal penangkapan ikan di TNP Laut Sawu. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan data VIIRS Boat Detection dari Earth Observation Group dan Vessel Monitoring System Direktorat Jenderal Pengawasan Sumber Daya Kelautan dan Perikanan KKP selama tahun 2021. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis spasial dan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya aktivitas penangkapan ikan yang dilakukan oleh kapal light fishing di TNP Laut Sawu. Aktivitas kapal penangkapan ikan ditemukan pada sekitar Pulau Timor, Sumba, Sabu, Dan Rote. Terdapat deteksi kapal yang diindikasi melakukan pelanggaran penangkapan ikan, jumlah indikasi pelanggaran ditemukan paling banyak pada bulan Januari, Februari, dan Desember tahun 2021, masing masing mencapai 229 deteksi, 231 deteksi dan 167 deteksi. Rekomendasi tindakan lanjut untuk pengawasan dan pemantauan kapal penangkapan ikan di TNP Laut Sawu yaitu memberikan sosialisasi mengenai ketentuan pada setiap zona, peringatan untuk kapal besar yang masuk kawasan konservasi, meningkatkan jumlah patroli serta memanfaatkan citra satelit., The high potential of biodiversity resources in the Sawu Sea creates opportunities fishing violations in the Sawu Sea National Marine Park. This study aims to map the distribution of light fishing vessels operating in the Sawu Sea National Marine Park, detect potential fishing violation activities within the area, and recommend further actions for monitoring and supervising fishing vessels in the Sawu Sea. This study utilizes VIIRS Boat Detection data from the Earth Observation Group and the Vessel Monitoring System of the Directorate General of Marine and Fisheries Resource Surveillance, Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, during the year 2021. The data analysis methods employed include spatial and analysis descriptive analysis. The research findings reveal fishing activities conducted by light fishing vessels in the in the Sawu Sea National Marine Park. Fishing vessel activities were found around the islands of Timor, Sumba, Sabu, and Rote. There were vessel detections indicating fishing violation activities, with the highest number of potential violation occurring in January, February, and December 2021, reaching 229 detections, 231 detections, and 167 detections, respectively. Recommendations for further actions in the monitoring and supervision of fishing vessels in the Sawu Sea include conducting awareness campaigns regarding regulations in each zone, issuing warnings to large vessels entering conservation areas, increasing patrol frequencies, and utilizing satellite imagery.
Keyword: kawasan konservasi, light fishing, pengawasan, VIIRS Boat Detection (VBD), Vessel Monitoring System (VMS)

Judul: Synthesis of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Made of Eggshells Through A Hydrothermal Method
Abstrak: Biphasic Calcium Phosphate mixed of hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate. A hydrothermal method of synthesizing by mixing CaO as calcium source and (NH4)2HPO4 as phosphate source with distilled water. CaO got from calcination process made of eggshells. All samples were synthesized using hydrothermal reactor then followed by sintering process. The molar ratio of Ca and P for all samples was 0.5 M : 0.3 M. Hydrothermal temperature and sintering temperature were variated they are 250 ºC, 300 ºC for hydrothermal and 800 ºC, 900 ºC, 1000 ºC for sintering, higher treatment temperature, tricalcium phosphate appears. Final results of synthesis were characterized by using X-ray Diffraction and Fourier Transform Infrared. X-ray Diffraction patterns was ecompared with database Join Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards and found tricalcium phosphate and hydoxyapatite.
Keyword: biphasic calcium phosphate, hydrothermal, hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate