Judul: Analisis Struktur, Perilaku dan Kinerja Pertambangan Non-Migas di Indonesia
Abstrak: This study aims to analyze the structure, conduct and performance of the mining industry of non-oil and gas in Indonesia and the factors that influence the performance of the mining industry of non-oil and gas in Indonesia. The data used are secondary data, the concentration ratio data, output value, value of inputs, value added, wages, production value and export value of minerals are available in a catalog issued by Statistics Indonesia Central Bureau of Statistics, in 2003 until 2007. Descriptive method used to analyze the behavior. Quantitative methods was two approaches, the SCP approach to analyze the structure and performance of non-oil mining and to analyze the performance of non-oil mining Indonesia using fixed effect panel data models. Market structure that occurs in non-oil mining is visible from a tight oligopoly concentration ratio of the two largest companies of each mineral that was 93.08 percent. Market entry barriers seen from the average MES each mineral was at 77.94 percent means that the barriers to entry to this sector was high. Market behavior can be seen from the pricing strategy used by companies as price takers because the prices prevailing in the mining sector is the market price (the seller and buyer agreements) of the world. Product strategy used by the business is to improve the quality of the products that can compete in world markets, while the promotion strategy, the company issued a publication through print and electronic media that shows the quality of products and companies. Performance seen from the estimates that show all the variables (X-efficiency, exports, productivity and the concentration ratio of the two largest firms) made positive effect on rates of return (PCM). Variables that have the greatest influence improve performance (PCM) is the efficiency-X (XEFF) and exports (EX).
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Judul: Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi Structure-Conduct-Performance (SCP) industri migas di Indonesia periode 1998-2008
Abstrak: Pembangunan Indonesia khususnya pada sektor industri mengalami perkembangan yang pesat. Industri migas merupakan salah satu sumber penerimaan negara yang berperan penting dalam perekonomian Indonesia. Industri ini merupakan salah satu sumber daya alam yang tidak dapat diperbaharui. Tahun-tahun terakhir ini produksi minyak mentah Indonesia terus menurun, sedangkan kebutuhan meningkat terus. Iklim investasi yang kondusif untuk eksplorasi dan ekploitasi migas perlu didorong. Dicari suatu kebijakan agar pelaku ekonomi baik. Perusahaan-perusahaan asing saat ini telah menguasai sektor industri migas Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti bagaimana dan faktor-faktor apa yang memengaruhi struktur, perilaku dan kinerja industri migas selama tahun 1998-2008. Kondisi ini dipengaruhi oleh peran pemerintah sebagai pembuat kebijakan dalam industri migas Indonesia. Melalui metode deskriptif, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi bagaimana perilaku Industri migas Indonesia dan melalui metode kuantitatif, penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis bagaimana struktur dan kinerja industri migas Indonesia.
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Judul: Antibodi anti-idiotipe sebagai kandidat vaksin rabies, Anti-idiotype andibody as a rabies vaccine candidate
Abstrak: Anti rabies serum (ARS) called antibody 1 (Ab1) was used as the antigen to immunize laying chickens. Anti-Ab1 chicken immunoglobulins (IgY), the antiidiotype antibodies against rabies (Ab2) was isolated from chicken blood every week for ten weeks. The highest titer of Ab2 was found at the third week after the last immunization. Immunoglobulin Y was separated by means of ammonium sulfate precipitation, then dialyzed using PBS pH 8.0 for 24 hours at 2 – 8 oC and purified using affinity chromatography column for IgY lead the proteins molecules with 185,000; 95,000 and 49,000 dalton in weigth. Purified IgY was used to immunize New Zealand White rabbit and the antibody response (Ab3) was detected using Agar Gel Precipitation Test (AGPT). The Ab3 showed specific reaction with Ab2 as well as rabies virus. Interestingly, Ab2 and rabies virus express partial identity reaction. This lead the insight, that not all parts of Ab2 are internal image of rabies virus. The efficacy of Ab3 was detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indicated that the level of Ab3 titer is protective according to WHO standard (more than 0.5 IU/ml). The conclusion of this study is the anti-idiotype antibody can induce protective immune response against rabies virus and can be used as an alternative for rabies anti-idiotype vaccine. Key words : anti-idiotype vaccine, antibody, rabies
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