Judul: Mutu Mikrobiologi Beberapa Ragam Peda
Abstrak: Ikan peda merupakan salah satu produk fermentasi ikan bergaram yang banyak disukai oleh masyarakat Indonesia.Dalam pemasarannya ikan peda kurang mendapat perlakuan yang baik sehingga memungkinkan terjadinya berbagai kontaminasi. Dalam penelitian ini diamati mutu mikrobiologi empat jenis ikan peda, yaitu pada merah tidak disiangi, peda putih ukuran besar (12-15 cm) dan peda putih ukuran kecil (5-8 cm). Keempat jenis ikan peda tersebut diperoleh dari Pasar Bogor dan Pasar Lawang Seketeng.
Keyword: 

Judul: Mempelajari kandungan histamindan mutu peda yang dibuat secara laboratoris
Abstrak: Peda merupakan salah satu produk hasil pengolahan perikanan secara tradisional yang digolongkan sebagai ikan asin basah dan sangat digemari oleh masyarakat Indonesia terutama di pedesaan. Pembuatan peda umumnya dilakukan masih secara tradisional sehingga mutu serta kualitasnya kurang baik, demikian juga tingkat higienis produk kurang terjamin. Dalam pembuatannya, ikan sengaja tidak dikeringkan total tetapi dibiarkan setengah kering sehingga proses fermentasi yang disebabkan oleh mikroorganisme dan proses autolisis oleh enzim-enzim pencernaan tetap berlangsung. Penanganannya yang umumnya kurang higienis sehingga menyebabkan terjadinya keracunan setelah mengkonsumsi peda. Keracunan ini diduga karena meningkatnya kandungan histamin pada peda yang melebihi batas aman. Masalah keracunan setelah mengkonsumsi peda menjadi masalah yang penting untuk ditanggulangi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua tahap, yaitu penelitian pendahuluan dan penelitian lanjutan. Pada penelitian pendahuluan dilakukan survei lapang tentang tata cara pengolahan peda di daerah Pelabuhan Ratu (Jawa Barat) dan survei lapang tentang cara penanganan dan penyimpanan produk jadi di berbagai pasar di daerah Bogor serta penghitungan konsentrasi histamin produk peda yang diambil dari pasar. ...
Keyword: 

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
Keyword: