Judul: Kondisi Anatomis Gigi dari Tulang Kepala Kuda di Laboratorium Anatomi Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Institut Pertanian Bogor
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui struktur dan susunan gigi normal dan abnormal pada preparat kepala kuda di Laboratorium Anatomi Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Institut Pertanian Bogor. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengamati struktur gigi rahang atas dan bawah dari 8 kepala kuda. Hasil pengamatan anatomis gigi kemudian dikategorikan berdasar berbagai literatur. Dari basil penelitian diketahui bahwa kisaran umur preparat kuda antara 1- 2 tahun dan 10 - 25 tahun. Kelainan bentuk gigi terlihat pada kuda umur tua. Kelainan bentuk gigi terdiri dari diagonal bite, ventral curvature, uneven teeth, diastema, stepped molar, wave, ramp, accentuated transverse ridges, enamel points, dan sheared molar table.
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Judul: Anatomi Skelet Kepala Badak Sumatera   (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari struktur skelet kepala badak Sumatera (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) betina berumur 26 tahun. Penelitian ini menunjukkan beberapa karakteristik pada skelet kepala badak seperti sutura yang tidak terlihat jelas, permukaan tulang relatif kasar pada beberapa bagian tulang seperti os nasale dan os frontale. Permukaan yang kasar pada skelet kepala badak Sumatera tersebut diduga karena adanya pertautan cula. Orbita mata badak Sumatera berukuran relatif kecil, arcus zygomaticus kurang berkembang. Arcus ini hanya dibentuk oleh processus zygomaticus dari os temporale dan processus temporale dari os zygomaticum. Os occipitale relatif luas dan os mandibula bagian fossa masseterica yang dalam dan kasar serta angulus mandibula yang tebal. Formula gigi dari hewan ini I 1/0, C 0/0, PM 3/3, M 3/2 tanpa gigi seri pada rahang bawah. Pada gambaran CT-scan menunjukkan ruangan otak yang relatif kecil dan ruangan hidung yang relatif besar. Hasil ini diduga hewan ini memiliki otak yang kecil, mata yang berkembang tetapi fungsi penciuman yang berkembang. Data ini dibandingkan dengan kuda dan babi yang memiliki kedekatan secara filogenetik dan anatomi dengan badak. Kata kunci : Morfologi tengkorak, cula badak, CT-scan.
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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