Judul: Economic valuation of land use changes in Wonogiri Watershed (case study at Keduang Sub-Watershed, Wonogiri Regency)
Abstrak: multifunctions of agriculture land use is loss, i.e. economic function, social function and environment function. Economic function consist of loss of crop production and loss of farmer’s income. Social function consist of loss of farmer’s job and Environment function consist of erosion and sedimentation mitigation and hidrology system mitigation. This research aim to know the level of land use changes in Keduang Sub-Watershed, to analysis the influences of land use changes to environment quality, especially the loss of agriculture land multifunctions, i.e. economic, social and environment functions, to know the loss of economic value of agriculture land multifunction due to land use changes and to analyse the policies goverment about land uses change, especially land use change in Keduang Sub-Watershed, Wonogiri Regency. Research method which is used is descriptive. Research location is taken intentionally (purposive), that is Keduang Sub-Watershed with consideration that Keduang Sub-Watershed is the widest Sub-Watershed in Wonogiri Watershed with very high erosion danger index and closeness of high river stream also, so that have big generated erosion potency. Besides, from the number of precipitated sediment in Wonogiri Reservoir point, Keduang Sub-Watershed give the biggest contribution of other Sub- Watershed in Wonogiri Watershed. Data Types which are obtained are secondary data from Forestry Research and Development Agency, Surakarta, BPS of Wonogiri Regency and Agriculture Department of Wonogiri Regency. Method of analysis’s data which is used in this research is Universal Soil Loss Equation Method to predict the soil erosion. To calculate the value of economic and social function of agriculture land use multifunction used market price and to calculate the value of environment function, this research used Replacement Cost. Results of this research are: the level of land use change (since 1993 up to 2008) in Keduang Sub-Watershed is 297 hectare. The loss of economic value of multifunction agriculture land in Keduang Sub-Watershed is equal to Rp. 13,2 billion/year or Rp 44,5 million/hectare/year. The economic value of water is equal Rp 760 billion/year. The value consist of value of economic function is equal to Rp 3,7 billion/year, value of social function is equal to Rp 1,2 billion/year and value of environment function is equal to Rp 8,3 billion/year
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Judul: Water economic value change analysis caused landuse changing case study in Cidanau Watershed in Banten Province
Abstrak: Cidanau is the most important watershed in Banten Province because it has provided economic activity in Serang and Cilegon regions. The users of water services from Cidanau watershed are farmers, households, fisheries, small scale industries, water industries and Krakatau Tirta Industries. Those have been analized to find total economic values of Cidanau water. The aims of the reaserch are to analize water economic value by market pricing and gathering cost, to analize factors influencing water demand curve, and to analize landuse changes of Cidanau and its relationships with water economic values changes from 1997 to 2004. Landsat imaging and GIS of Cidanau have been used the research. The methods of the research are use gathering cost and market pricing to find water values from the users. While the GIS and Remote Sensing have been used to detect landuse changes in Cidanau watershed from 1997 to 2004. Both water values and landuse changes have been analized to find relation the others. The results of the reaserch allows that firstly, total water economic value in 1997 increase Rp 52.006.323.743 per year and in 2004 increase Rp 126.456.999.536 per year. Secondly, landuse of Cidanau has changed in 1997 to 2004; bare land changed is decrease 35.56 %, paddyfield is increase 0.59 %, forest is decrease 4.2 %, agroforest is increase 21.072 %,, shrubs is increase 28.25 %, and wet lands is decrease 9.39 %..
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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