Judul: Financial Feasibility and Sustainability Analysis of Waste Bank (Case Study: Gesit Main Waste Bank, South Jakarta)
Abstrak: Peningkatan jumlah penduduk yang diiringi dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi, peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat, dan urbanisasi menyebabkan jumlah timbulan sampah meningkat dengan cepat. Pemerintah Jakarta Selatan bersama dengan masyarakat peduli lingkungan membangun Bank Sampah Induk Gesit (BSI Gesit) untuk mengakomodasi pengelolaan sampah dan mereduksi jumlah (TPST) Bantargebang melalui pengelolaan sampah yang berkelanjutan secara manajemen, ekonomi, lingkungan, dan sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengidentifikasi kendala pengelolaan bank sampah, (2) mengestimasi kelayakan usaha bank sampah, serta (3) merekomendasikan strategi kebijakan pengelolaan sampah di BSI Gesit. Metode analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif, analisis kelayakan finansial, dan analisis strategi keberlanjutan dengan PROMETHEE (Preference Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa transisi pengelolaan sampah subsidi menjadi mandiri menghadapi kendala pada sumber penerimaan, ketersediaan sarana pengangkut dan tenaga kerja, serta ketersediaan supply dari bank sampah unit. Hasil analisis kelayakan finansial usaha BSI Gesit menunjukkan bahwa skenario I yaitu pengelolaan mandiri dan skenario IV yaitu business as usual (BAU) layak dijalankan karena memenuhi seluruh kriteria kelayakan finansial, sedangkan skenario II yaitu pengelolaan bantuan 50% untuk biaya operasional dan skenario III yaitu subsidi upah tenaga kerja tidak layak dijalankan. Pada analisis strategi keberlanjutan, pengelolaan bank sampah yang dapat diprioritaskan adalah alternatif I yaitu pengelolaan mandiri dengan peningkatan penerimaan sebesar 15% setiap tahunnya berdasarkan kontribusi positif dari seluruh kriteria pada dimensi keberlanjutan yaitu manajemen, ekonomi, lingkungan, dan sosial., The increase in population accompanied by economic growth, increased social welfare, and urbanization will inflict the amount of waste production to increase rapidly. The South Jakarta Government along with environment activist from local community established Gesit Main Waste Bank to accommodate the city’s waste management and to reduce the load of waste management in TPST Bantargebang by implementing sustainable waste management that requires consideration of management, economic, environment, and social dimensions. This study aims to (1) identify the constraints of waste bank management, (2) estimate the feasibility of a waste bank, and (3) propose a policy strategy for waste management at BSI Gesit. This study employs descriptive analysis, financial feasibility analysis, and sustainability policy analysis using PROMETHEE (Preference Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation). This study demonstrates that the transtition of subsidized waste management to independently managed waste bank will encounter the lacking of revenue sources, the supply availability from unit waste bank, and the availability of labor and transport facilities. Financial feasibility analysis shows that the first scenario which managed independently without subsidies and the forth scenario (BAU) are feasible because it meets all financial feasibility criteria. On the other hand, the second scenario with half assistance for operational cost and the third scenario with subsidies for labor wage are not feasible. The policy alternatives that need to be prioritized from PROMETHEE analysis are alternative I (independent optimization) based on the consideration of positive contribution from all sustainability criteria, namely management, economic, environmental, and social dimensions.
Keyword: analisis finansial, pengelolaan sampah, reduksi sampah, strategi keberlanjutan

Judul: Analisis Kelayakan Ekonomi Pengelolaan Sampah melalui Bank Sampah (Studi Kasus: Bank Sampah Jelita Batununggal Indah Kota Bandung
Abstrak: Penanganan sampah yang tidak efektif dapat menimbulkan masalah lingkungan, kesehatan, dan keindahan. Kota Bandung memiliki permasalahan yaitu meningkatnya volume sampah namun volume pengangkutannya menurun. Bank Sampah Jelita Batununggal Indah (BSJBI) hadir sebagai solusi pengelolaan sampah. Namun keberlanjutan BSJBI diragukan dalam jangka panjang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menganalisis kelayakan finansial BSJBI (2) menganalisis kelayakan ekonomi BSJBI (3) menganalisis pengaruh perubahan volume sampah dan biaya input terhadap kelayakan BSJBI. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis biaya-manfaat, extended cost benefit analysis, dan analisis sensitivitas. Hasilnya menunjukkan BSJBI layak secara finansial pada suku bunga 6% dan layak secara ekonomi dengan suku bunga sosial 12%. Pada kelayakan ekonomi ditambahkan manfaat kenyamanan pada inflow yang diukur melalui Willingness to Pay. Terdapat 3 skenario pada analisis sensitivitas yaitu (1) Peningkatan jumlah sampah sebesar 9,5% (2) Nilai insentif naik pertahun sebesar 6,95% (3) Skenario 1 dan 2 digabungkan. Pada skenario 1 bank sampah layak baik pada analisis kelayakan finansial maupun ekonomi. Namun pada skenario 2 dan 3, bank sampah tidak layak secara finansial namun tetap layak secara ekonomi.
Keyword: extended cost-benefit, feasibility analysis, sensitivity analysis, waste bank, Willingness To Pay

Judul: Effects of Particle Shapes on Temperature Distribution under Static Ohmic Heating.
Abstrak: The ohmic heating is defined as a process wherein an alternating electrical current is passed through materials resulting in the heat generation inside the product. The excellence of ohmic heating in comparison with other thermal processing is its energy efficiency and ohmic heating could keeping nutritional as well quality attribute of food via blanching, sterilization, pasteurization, extraction, fermentation, and evaporation. Nevertheless, in ohmic heating process, the electrical conductivity of product is a key parameter. The worst case in the ohmic heating of multiphase product could be occurred when the solid phase has very lower or very high electrical conductivity than the liquid. This study aims to reveal the temperature distribution and the heating rate properties of solid and liquid phase as affected by particle shape and its orientation to the electric field. Experiments were conducted with salt solution 1% and carrot that blanched in salt solution 6%. Blanching process was conducted in order to increase the electrical conductivity of carrot close to the salt solution 1%. Ohmic heating was applied to the sample using static cell (4.90 cm diameter and 6.00 cm in length of sample area) at constant voltage gradient (40 V). Each experiment was conducted in triplicate. It was observed that the different particle shape and orientation provide the different heating rate properties. The slice particle had the fastest heating rate. Moreover the perpendicular orientation was heated faster than parallel orientation. The parallel cylindrical shape provides the slowest heating rate. This shape possibly induced the worst-case condition and could be used as sufficiency heat parameter. The heating pattern of each solid and liquid were simulated using COMSOL modeling software. The predicted temperature values were in good agreement with the experimental data with the maximum prediction error of 3 °C.
Keyword: particle orientation, particle shape, electrical conductivity, ohmic heating