Judul: Potensi Rambut Kuda Sebagai Jahitan Monofilamen Non Absorbable
Abstrak: Penggunaan bahan jahit alami seperti rumput, rami, benang kapas, rambut, tendon, benang sutra, kepala kumbang atau semut, dan usus hewan oleh manusia purba menunjukkan bahwa mereka mengakui manfaat dari penutupan luka. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari sifat dan potensi rambut kuda sebagai bahan jahitan untuk menimbulkan reaksi pada kulit. Jahitan polypropylene digunakan sebagai kontrol. Rambut kuda yang dikumpulkan dari dua kuda betina disterilkan dan dianalisis ukuran diameter beserta kekuatannya. Respon penolakan inang dari kedua jenis jahitan diperiksa. Sembilan ekor mencit digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Sayatan kecil dibuat di dada bagian atas, dan 1 cm rambut kuda atau polypropylene dimasukkan. Mencit-mencit diperiksa pemulihan dari fascia, kemerahan, dan pembentukan nanah pada hari ke 1, 3, dan 5. Sampel jaringan dianalisis untuk mengetahui adanya peradangan dan reaksi alergi. Rambut kuda memiliki diameter 0,18-0,22 mm dan kekuatan rata-rata 314,415g, dibandingkan dengan kekuatan rata-rata polypropylene 1087,75g. Rambut kuda menunjukkan peradangan yang ringan dan memiliki sel radang yang menempel, sedangkan polypropylene tidak menunjukkan peradangan. Kedua bahan tersebut menyebabkan reaksi benda asing yang minimal dan tidak ada reaksi alergi. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa bulu kuda merupakan bahan jahit yang cocok karena memiliki diameter yang sesuai, kuat, dan hanya menyebabkan reaksi peradangan yang ringan., The utilization of natural suturing materials like grass, flax, cotton threads, hair, tendons, silk threads, beetle or ant heads, and animal gut by ancient humans indicates that they recognized the advantages of wound sealing. The research aimed to study the properties of horse hair as a suture material and its potential to cause skin reactions. Horse hair collected from two female horses was sterilized and analyzed for its diameter and strength, while polypropylene suture was used as a control. Host rejection response of both suture types were examined. A small incision was made on nine mice in their upper thorax, and 1 cm of horse hair or polypropylene was inserted. The mice were checked for recovery of fascia, redness, and puss formation on days 1, 3, and 5. Tissue samples were analyzed for inflammation and allergic reactions. The horse hair had a diameter of 0.18-0.22 mm and a mean strength of 314.415g, compared to polypropylene's 1087.75g mean strength. Horse hair showed mild inflammation and had attached inflammatory cells, while polypropylene showed no inflammation. Both materials caused minimal foreign body reactions and no allergic reactions. Therefore, it can be concluded that horse hair is a suitable suture material as it has suitable diameter, strong, and causes mild inflammatory reactions./Penggunaan bahan jahit alami seperti rumput, rami, benang kapas, rambut, tendon, benang sutra, kepala kumbang atau semut, dan usus hewan oleh manusia purba menunjukkan bahwa mereka mengakui manfaat dari penutupan luka. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari sifat dan potensi rambut kuda sebagai bahan jahitan untuk menimbulkan reaksi pada kulit. Jahitan polypropylene digunakan sebagai kontrol. Rambut kuda yang dikumpulkan dari dua kuda betina disterilkan dan dianalisis ukuran diameter beserta kekuatannya. Respon penolakan inang dari kedua jenis jahitan diperiksa. Sembilan ekor mencit digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Sayatan kecil dibuat di dada bagian atas, dan 1 cm rambut kuda atau polypropylene dimasukkan. Mencit-mencit diperiksa pemulihan dari fascia, kemerahan, dan pembentukan nanah pada
Keyword: horse hair, monofilament, suture, skin, tissues, rambut kuda, monofilamen, jahitan, kulit, jaringan

Judul: Case Study of Hyperimmune Horse Antisera Production: Skin Histopathology of Immunogen Injection Area
Abstrak: Kuda merupakan spesies hewan yang penting dalam dunia medis. Kuda yang mengalami perlakuan hiperimunisasi terhadap imunogen tertentu untuk menginduksi serum antibodi disebut sebagai kuda hiperimun. Studi kasus ini bertujuan mengetahui kondisi makroskopis dan histopatologi kulit area penyuntikan imunogen pada kuda hiperimun produksi antisera. Kuda sehat dan kuda hiperimun produksi antisera diamati pada area penyuntikan imunogen. Selanjutnya, diambil sampel kulit area penyuntikan imunogen yang mengalami perubahan dan kuda sehat sebagai pembanding. Preparat histopatologi dibuat menggunakan sampel kulit tersebut dan diwarnai dengan hematoksilin-eosin. Hasil pengamatan makroskopis 12 kuda yang terdiri atas 9 kuda hiperimun menunjukkan 5 kuda mengalami alopesia rambut, pembengkakan, dan penebalan kulit area penyuntikan imunogen, sedangkan pada 4 ekor lainnya tidak ditemukan adanya perubahan. Hasil pengamatan histopatologi yaitu hiperplasia epitel folikel rambut, hiperplasia dan hipertrofi kelenjar sebaceous, edema, vaskulitis, penipisan keratin stratum corneum, dan abses kronis dengan sel radang limfosit, makrofag, sel plasma, serta neutrofil disekitarnya., Horses are one of the important animals in the medical world. Horses that undergo hyperimmunisation treatment against certain immunogens to induce serum antibodies are referred to as hyperimmune horses. This case study aims to determine the macroscopic and histopathological conditions of the skin of the immunogen injection area in antisera production hyperimmune horses. Healthy horses and antisera-producing hyperimmune horses were observed at the immunogen injection area. Subsequently, skin samples of the immunogen injection area that underwent changes and healthy horses were taken for comparison. Histopathological preparations were made using these skin samples and stained with haematoxylin- eosin. The results of macroscopic observations of 12 horses consisting of 9 hyperimmune horses showed that 5 horses experienced changes in the form of hair alopecia, swelling, and thickening of the skin of the immunogen injection area, while in the other 4 horses no changes were found. The results of histopathological observations were hair follicle epithelial hyperplasia, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of sebaceous glands, edema, vasculitis, thinning of the keratin stratum corneum, and chronic abscesses with inflammatory cells of lymphocytes, macrophages, plasma cells, and neutrophils around them.
Keyword: histopatologi, kuda hiperimun, kulit

Judul: Basis of Social Theories for Social Enterprises: Integrative Literature Review
Abstrak: Social enterprise is a hybrid organization aiming to achieve economic and social values that exist as an effective mechanism for creating value in the form of society, economy and environment. The development of social enterprise is considered to have contributed in increasing innovation as well as being a mechanism for ensuring economic development that is in line with social justice. However, the development of theory and study of social enterprise is still lagging behind in practice. The social enterprise conception is a conception that is still considered as a "young term" category in the social sciences and has not shown clear consistency linking social theories to the development of social enterprise. This study aims to identify the basic theories of social enterprise and social theories for social enterprise with used an integrated literature review approach with data sources from Scopus and ProQuest. The results of the study found that socio-economic theory is the basis for social enterprise theory. This study also found the linkages of 7 social theories for social enterprise and the mapping of social theory architecture for social enterprise which is studied on classical and contemporary social theories.
Keyword: integrative literature review, social economic, social enterprise, social theory