Judul: Grafting degree Measurement of acrylamide onto polysaccharide using Infrared Spectrometry
Abstrak: Utilization of carbohydrate-based agricultural wastes has been carried out with the manufacture of derivatives by grafting and crosslinking with acrylamide. The success of the process is monitored by setting the levels of nitrogen in the product. This research work is trying to look for possible use of spectrometry Fourier Transform Infrared technique to determine level of nitrogen in the products. Preparation of powder with a reflectance technique gives satisfactory results for grafting product, also for saponified products very satisfactory. ANOVA test of the PLS for each processing the data on IR spectral of the grafted-crosslinked product and its saponified showed a smaller probability value of 0.05, it is indicate the model developed by the independent variable (wave number) is significant effect on nitrogen content at 95% confidence level. Results of Partial Least Square (PLS) model for each treatment to give the coefficient of determination (R2) ranged from 0.961-0.998, it is the model with the wave number of independent variables can predict nitrogen content as well. Results of PLS analysis also provide information that the processing of IR spectrum data does not affect the difference between the predictions and the values of the nitrogen content.
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Judul: Aplikasi Teknologi Near Infrared untuk Pendugaan Viabilitas Benih Padi (Oryza sativa) Varietas Ciherang
Abstrak: Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy in the range of 1000-2500 nm was studied for its ability to predict the seed viability such as germability, vigor index, maximum growth potential and the biochemistry composition such as water content, soluble protein, and free faty acid of the ciherang paddy seed following 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 days acclerated aging (45oC, RH >90%). A total of 60 sample groups consist of 40 g paddy seed per sample ware used. Fourty samples were used for calibration and 20 samples were used for validation. Artificial neural network (ANN) and partial least squares (PLS) regression methods were used to build the prediction model. The good model should have a low standard error of calibration (SEC), a low standard error of performance (SEP), a high correlation coefficient, a small difference between SEC and SEP and have ratio performance deviation (RPD) higher than 2.5. The result showed that kind of original and pre processing spectra influenced the value of evaluation ANN and PLS model. The structure of ANN also influence the value of evaluation model. The best model to predict germability was 10-5-3 ANN using standard normal variate of reflectan spectra with RPD = 2.2359 and r validation = 0.8947, to predict vigor index was 10-5-1 ANN using 2nd derivative of reflectan spectra with RPD=3.6842 and r validation 0.9645, to predict maximum growth potential was 10-5-1 ANN using 2nd derivative of reflectan spectra with RPD=2.5572 and r validation 0.9204, to predict water content was PLS using absorbant spectra with RPD=9.6028 and r validation 0.9946, to predict soluble protein was 5-5-1 ANN using 2nd derivative of reflectan spectra with RPD=3.9615 and r validation 0.9686, and to predict free faty acid was 10-20-1 ANN model using 2nd derivative of absorbant spectra with RPD=4.0290 and r validation 0.9688.
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Judul: Biologi Troides helena helena dan Troides helena hephaestus (Papilionidae) di Penangkaran
Abstrak: Indonesia adalah negara kepulauan beriklim tropik dengan berbagai tipe habitat dan ekosistem. Kondisi alam Indonesia merupakan habitat yang cocok bagi berbagai fauna termasuk kupu-kupu. Diperkirakan sekitar 4 000 – 5 000 jenis kupu-kupu terdapat di Indonesia. Troides helena merupakan salah satu kupu-kupu yang memiliki kombinasi warna sayap indah dan berukuran besar, sehingga menarik perhatian kolektor kupu-kupu. T. helena termasuk satwa yang diperdagangkan dan telah memasukkan devisa dari subsektor kehutanan Indonesia. Untuk mencegah dari kepunahan karena eksploitasi yang berlebihan, maka pemerintah melindungi T. helena melalui PP No. 7 Tahun 1999. Semua genus Troides masuk dalam daftar Appendix II CITES, sehingga perdagangan jenis ini harus merupakan hasil budi daya di penangkaran.
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