Judul: Effectiveness of thiamethoxam for control of  the  housefly  (musca  domestica)  using  spray method  in  caged-layer  poultry  house
Abstrak: Lalat rumah atau Musca domestica adalah sebagian dari serangga yang paling dikenal dan diketahui tersebar luas di berbagai tempat. Lalat ini umumnya ditemukan pada peternakan ayam petelur. Keberadaan lalat pada peternakan ayam petelur dapat menimbulkan gangguan sanitasi kandang, menularkan penyakit, menurunkan produksi telur, dan mengganggu pekerja. Tiametoksam merupakan insektisida dari golongan neonikotinoid yang diketahui dapat dipakai dalam pengendalian lalat, namun belum banyak digunakan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas tiametoksam sebagai insektisida residual terhadap Musca domestica dengan metode spray di peternakan ayam petelur. Penelitian dilakukan di peternakan ayampetelur KM 45, Kemang, Bogor, dengan membandingkan populasi lalat yang diberi perlakuan tiametoksam terhadap kontrol. Pengukuran populasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan kertas berperekat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan nyata antara populasi lalat yang diberi perlakuan tiametoksam dibandingkan terhadap kontrol, baik dilihat dari jumlah lalat maupun efek residual, The house fly, Musca domesticais one of the best known and most widely distributed insects in human settlements. They are commonly found in poultry farm. The presence of these flies, particularly in large number on layer poultry farm can lead to nuisance of cage sanitation, transmission of disease, reduction in egg production, and workers interference. Thiamethoxam is a neonicotinoid insecticide that effective in the control of flies, but has not been widely used in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of thiamethoxam as residual insecticide against Musca domestica with the spray method in poultry farm. The study was conducted at the KM 45 poultry farm, Kemang, Bogor, by comparing the population of flies in cages which treatedwith Thiamethoxam insecticide toanother cage as controls. Population measurements performed using sticky fly paper. The results showed that there was no significant difference between fly population on control compared to sprayon treatment, in terms of the number of flies and also residual effects
Keyword: thiamethoxam, Musca domestica, effectiveness, residual effect

Judul: Susceptibility of Three Isolates Housefly Musca domestica ( Diptera: Muscidae ) to Three Insecticide Compounds.
Abstrak: Housefly (Musca domestica) is a mechanical vector insect of several diseases, such as dysentry, cholera, typhoid, diarrhea, eye infection (trachoma and epidemic conjunctivitis), poliomyelitis, skin infection, and other diseases which is related to poor environment sanitation. In dairy cows farming, flies could reduce milk productivity; moreover housefly is also potential to be intermediate host of chicken tapeworm in Bogor area. Nowadays, vector control in public health and dairy farm still by using insecticide. Application of insecticide on the similar continuously with high frequency lead to insecticide resistance. This research was intended to study the susceptibility of the housefly Musca domestica which come from locations where has high, middle, and low applied insecticide to insecticide organophosphores, pyrethroid, and nikotinoid. This research has been conducted during March until June 2013. Three different locations has been chosen as source of M. domestica isolates, based on the intensity of insecticide application. Location which has high insecticide intensity is represented by egg-laying hens farming in Bogor area; moderate insecticide intensity by residential in Dramaga area; while low insecticide intensity by Pasar Bogor area. In this research, Bioassay test is conducted by residual insecticide contact method. Malathion 0.8%, Cypermethrin 0.7%, and Thiamethoxam 10% insecticides are chosen here as the residual insecticides. The result shows that three isolates were still susceptible to malathion, cypermethrin, and thiamethoxam insecticides (RR<10). M. domestica isolate which comes from the farming tends to be more tolerant to malathion and cypermethrin than the other isolates.
Keyword: Insecticide, Musca domestica, Susceptibility

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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