Judul: Trade System and Estimated Illegal Trading Volume of Green Peafowl (Pavo muticus Linnaeus 1766)
Abstrak: Perdagangan ilegal satwa liar merupakan masalah serius karena dapat menyebabkan kerugian pada negara dan berkurangnya populasi satwa di alam. Merak hijau merupakan salah satu spesies yang terancam karena keindahan bulunya sering kali digunakan dalam kegiatan budaya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi data kasus perdagangan ilegal merak hijau dari tahun 2015 sampai 2020 yang didapatkan melalui studi pustaka data kasus Mahkamah Agung RI dan wawancara kepada BKSDA serta Gakkum LHK. Data yang didapat di analisis untuk mengetahui alur tata niaga, karakteristik pelaku, serta dugaan volume dan nilai perdagangan ilegal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga pelaku yaitu pemburu, perantara, dan konsumen. Pelaku yang terdapat membentuk jenis alur perdagangan ilegal yang didominasi oleh redundant channels dan multiple barriers to market. Jumlah merak hijau yang diperdagangkan selama tahun 2015 sampai 2020 yaitu 36 individu. Setiap tahunnya jumlah merak hijau yang diperdagangkan secara ilegal mengalami fluktuasi dengan tahun 2016 merupakan tahun tertinggi yaitu 14 merak hijau. Dugaan total nilai ekonomi perdagangan ilegal merak hijau dari tahun 2015 sampai 2020 yaitu Rp26.721.000,00., The Illegal wildlife trade is a serious problem for causing losses to the country and reduce the population of wildlife. Green peafowl is one of the species that is threatened cause of its beauty which is used in cultural activities. This research was conducted by identifying data on illegal green peafowl trade cases from 2015 to 2020 which were obtained by literature studies of case data Mahkamah Agung RI and interviews with BKSDA and Gakkum LHK. Data is analyzed to explained the trading system, characteristics of actors, and estimated illegal trading volume and value of green peafowl. The result of the research shows that there are three roles in the illegal trade of green peafowl, it is categorized by the hunter, the intermediary, and the consumer. The actors of illegal trade form a type of illegal trade channel that is dominated by redundant channels and multiple barriers to market. The number of green peafowls traded from 2015 to 2020 is 36 individuals. Every year the number of green peafowls traded illegally fluctuated with 2016 was the highest one with 14 green peafowls. The estimated total volume of green peafowl illegal trade from 2015 to 2020 is IDR 26,721,000.
Keyword: green peafowl, illegal trade, wildlife

Judul: Trade System and Estimated Illegal Trading Volume of Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
Abstrak: Perdagangan ilegal satwa liar membutuhkan perhatian khusus karena berdampak pada penurunan populasi, kehilangan sumber daya, dan kerugian negara. Orangutan merupakan satwa dilindungi yang diperdagangkan secara ilegal di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi alur tata niaga, karakteristik pelaku, serta menduga volume dan nilai perdagangan ilegal orangutan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu wawancara kepada kepala resort Bangka Belitung BKSDA Sumatera Selatan, manajer PPS Alobi, Ditjen Gakkum LHK, dan studi literatur. Data yang digunakan yaitu data perdagangan ilegal orangutan pada kurun waktu 2015-2020 yang diperoleh dari Ditjen Gakkum LHK dan penelusuran data kasus Mahkamah Agung. Data dianalisis menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menemukan tiga alur tata niaga yang didominasi oleh redundant channels sebesar 75%. Pelaku terdiri dari pemburu, perantara, dan konsumen yang didominasi oleh laki-laki dengan usia produktif kerja. Pekerjaan pemburu dan perantara didominasi oleh petani dan pedagang dengan didominasi motivasi ekonomi. Volume perdagangan ilegal orangutan periode 2015-2020 sebanyak 15 individu dengan nilai perdagangan mencapai Rp435.000.000,00., Illegal wildlife trade requires special attention because it has an impact on population decline, loss of resources, and detrimental to the country. Orangutans are protected animals that are illegally traded in Indonesia. This study aims to identify the flow of the trade system, perpetrator’s characteristics, and to estimate the volume and value of the illegal trade in orangutans. The method used was an interviews with the head of resort Bangka Belitung BKSDA Sumatra Selatan, PPS Alobi manager, Ditjen Gakkum LHK, and literature studies. Data used is data on the illegal trade in orangutans in the 2015-2020 period that obtained from Ditjen Gakkum LHK and the investigation of Mahkamah Agung case data. Data were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative descriptive. The results of the study found that are three channels of commerce which were dominated by redundant channels about (75%). The perpetrators consist of hunters, intermediaries, and consumers who are dominated by men of working productive age. The jobs of hunters and intermediares are dominated by farmers and traders with a predominantly economic motivation. Volume of illegal trade in orangutans for the 2015-2020 period was 15 individuals with a trade value was IDR435,000,000,00.
Keyword: illegal, orangutan, trade, Illegal, orangutan, trade

Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4