Judul: The Multiple Role of Woman, Coping Strategy, and Family Resilience during Covid-19 Pandemic
Abstrak: Pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan mekanisme kehidupan keluarga terganggu, terutama keluarga dengan peran ganda perempuan. Peran ganda perempuan dikonseptualisasikan dengan istilah dualism cultural, yaitu adanya konsep lingkungan domestik dan lingkungan publik. Adanya peran ganda perempuan menyebabkan beban ganda yang dapat menimbulkan konflik. Hal tersebut disebabkan adanya tuntutan peran yang harus terpenuhi. Strategi koping dianggap sebagai upaya untuk mengurangi konflik akibat beban ganda. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis peran ganda perempuan, strategi koping, dan ketahanan keluarga di masa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini melibatkan 100 istri bekerja dibidang formal yang memiliki anak usia sekolah (Sekolah Dasar). Lokasi penelitian di wilayah Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat. Pengambilan contoh penelitian dilakukan secara non probability sampling dengan menggunakan teknik voluntary sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat hubungan positif signifikan antara pendidikan istri, pendidikan suami, pendapatan per kapita keluarga, peran ganda perempuan, dan strategi koping dengan ketahanan keluarga. Hasil uji regresi menunjukan bahwa peran ganda perempuan berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap ketahanan keluarga., The Covid-19 pandemic has disrupted the mechanism of family life, especially families with multiple role of women. The multiple role of woman is conceptualized with the term dualism cultural, namely the concept of the domestic environment and the public environment. The multiple role of woman causes a double burden that can lead to conflict. This is due to the role demands that must be fulfilled. Coping strategies are considered as an effort to reduce conflict due to multiple burdens. The purpose of this study was to analyze The multiple role of woman, coping strategies, and family resilience during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study involved 100 wives work in the formal sector who have school-age children (elementary school). The research location in Bogor Regency, West Java. Sampling research was carried out by non probability sampling using voluntary sampling technique. The results showed a significant relationship between wife's education, husband's education, family per capita income, multiple role of woman, coping strategy with familiy resillience. The regression test results show that the multiple role of woman have a positive significant effect on family resilience.
Keyword: coping strategy, family resilience, multiple role of woman

Judul: The Influence of Economic Pressure and Gender Role to Family Resilience During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Abstrak: Adanya Covid-19 merubah tatanan kehidupan sosial ekonomi masyarakat. Keluarga harus mampu menjalankan peran gender dan mempertahankan ketahanan keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik keluarga, tekanan ekonomi, dan peran gender terhadap ketahanan keluarga selama masa pandemi Covid-19. Responden pada penelitian ini adalah istri dari keluarga utuh yang memiliki anak yang tersebar di Kabupaten Bogor. Teknik penarikan contoh menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan jumlah contoh sebanyak 84 orang. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner online menggunakan google form. Data diolah menggunakan uji deskriptif dan uji regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menemukan sebagian besar tekanan ekonomi keluarga berada pada kategori rendah. Sebagian variabel peran gender berada pada kategori rendah. Namun, sebagian besar ketahanan keluarga berada pada kategori tinggi. Uji hubungan karakteristik responden menunjukkan terdapat hubungan signifikan negatif antara umur suami, lama menikah, tekanan ekonomi subjektif, dan tekanan ekonomi total dengan ketahanan keluarga. Selain itu, pendidikan suami-istri, pendapatan suami, kemitraan gender dan peran gender berhubungan signifikan positif dengan ketahanan keluarga. Hasil analisis uji regresi linier berganda menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan negatif antara tekanan ekonomi dengan ketahanan keluarga dan pengaruh signifikan positif pada peran gender dan pendapatan suami. Hal ini berarti semakin rendah tekanan ekonomi yang dihadapi oleh keluarga maka semakin tinggi ketahanan keluarga yang dimiliki dan semakin tinggi peran gender serta pendapatan suami maka ketahanan keluarga akan semakin baik., The existence of Covid-19 has changed the social and economic life of society. Families must be able to carry out gender roles and maintain family resilience. This study aims to analyze the effect of family characteristics, economic pressure, and gender roles on family resilience during the Covid-19 pandemic. Respondents in this study were wives from intact families with children scattered in Bogor Regency. The sampling technique used purposive sampling method with the number of samples as many as 84 people. Data was collected through an online questionnaire using a google form. The data were processed using descriptive tests and multiple linear regression tests. The results of the study found that most of the family's economic pressure was in the low category. Some of the gender role variables are in the low category. However, most of the family resilience is in the high category. The relationship test of respondents' characteristics showed that there was a significant negative relationship between husband's age, length of marriage, subjective economic pressure, and total economic pressure with family resilience. In addition, husband and wife's education, husband's income, gender partnership and gender roles are significantly positively related to family resilience. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that there was a significant negative effect between economic pressure and family resilience and a significant positive effect on gender roles and husband's income. This means that the lower the economic pressure faced by the family, the higher the family's resilience and the higher the gender role and husband's income, the better the family's resilience.
Keyword: economic pressures, family characteristics, family resilience, gender role

Judul: Shape and Vein Extraction on Plant Leaf Images with Fourier and B-Spline Modeling.
Abstrak: Leaf features extraction on plant leaf image is still be a problem on automatic plant leaf identification. Shape and venation of leaf are a significant part of leaf for distinguishing a species of leaf from each other. Shape feature extraction with Hough transform and Fourier descriptor were implemented and their effectiveness on leaf shape recognition were compared. Effectiveness of both shape recognition methods were evaluated by recall-precision measurement. Recall-precision evaluation showed that leaf shape represented by Fourier descriptors is more effective than represented by Hough transform. Plant leaf image vein extraction using b–spline representation was implemented. An automatic initialitation of vein search parameter using Standard Hough Transform was proposed. Keywords: leaf shape extraction, leaf vein extraction, fourier descriptor, b-spline.
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