Judul: Characteristics of the Hawksbill Turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) Nesting Beach on Kepayang Island, Bangka Belitung.
Abstrak: Populasi penyu sisik di alam saat ini mengalami penurunan, terutama dikarenakan oleh faktor alami dan faktor antropogenik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui karakteristik habitat peneluran penyu sisik (Eretmochelys imbricata) di Pulau Kepayang pada tahun 2019. Parameter yang diukur kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode Principal Components Analysis (PCA) dan Correspondence Analysis (CA). Jumlah telur terbanyak terdapat di lokasi 3 yaitu 507 butir, sementara jumlah terendah berada di lokasi 2 sejumlah 355 butir. Karakteristik habitat peneluran penyu sisik yaitu tipe pantai dengan kemiringan berkisar 2.16-3.81°, lebar pantai berkisar 8.4-10.52 m, panjang pantai berkisar 460-515 m. Fraksi sedimen didominasi oleh pasir sedang dan pasir sangat kasar. Kerapatan vegetasi termasuk dalam kategori baik. Sarang 4, 5 dan 6 dipengaruhi oleh lebar pantai dan pasir sangat halus sedangkan sarang 7,8,9 dan 10 dipengaruhi panjang pantai, kemiringan pantai dan pasir sangat kasar. Hasil analisis CA menunjukkan bahwa vegetasi Pcem, Pbut, Paka, Tbut dan Tsim memiliki hubungan yang erat dengan jumlah telur yang banyak 3(133-145). Sementara vegetasi lainnya memiliki korelasi yang erat dengan telur yang berjumlah sedang 2(121-132). Kata kunci: karakteristik lingkungan, penyu sisik, Pulau Kepayang, vegetasi, The hawksbill population in the wild is currently declining, mainly due to natural factors and anthropogenic factors. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the hawksbill nesting habitat (Eretmochelys imbricata) in Kepayang Island in 2019. The parameters measured then analyzed by Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Correspondence Analysis (CA) methods. The highest number of turtle eggs was found in location 3 with a total of 507 eggs, while the lowest number was in location 2 with 355 eggs. The characteristics of the hawksbill nesting habitat include a sloping type of beach with 2.16-3.81°, a beach width ranging from 8.4-10.52 m, a beach length ranging from 460-515 m. The sediment fraction is dominated by medium and very coarse sand. The vegetation density is in the good category. Whereas nests 4, 5 and 6 are influenced by the characteristics of beach width, very fine sand and nests 7,8,9 and 10 are affected by beach length, beach slope and very coarse sand. The results of the CA analysis showed that the Pcem, Pbut, Paka, Tbut and Tsim vegetation had a close relationship with a large number of eggs 3(133-145). Meanwhile, the other vegetations had a close correlation with the medium number of eggs 2(121-132). Keywords: environmental characteristics, hawksbill turtle, Kepayang Island, vegetation
Keyword: environmental characteristics, hawksbill turtle, Kepayang Island, vegetation

Judul: Sebaran Lokasi Peneluran Penyu Sisik (Eretmochelys imbricata) di Taman Nasional Kepulauan Seribu
Abstrak: Populasi penyu sisik berpotensi mengalami penurunan 80% sejak dua dekade lalu dan masuk dalam kategori ‘Critically Endangered (CR)’ pada daftar IUCN. Penelitian ini bertujuan menginventarisasi sebaran lokasi peneluran penyu sisik, mengeksplorasi karakteristik habitat dan faktor yang mempengaruhi kegiatan peneluran penyu sisik di Taman Nasional Kepulauan Seribu. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2023 hingga Juni 2023 dengan survei lapangan pada ketiga seksi pengelolaan di Taman Nasional Kepulauan Seribu. Pengambilan titik lokasi menggunakan metode survei deskriptif analitik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa vegetasi yang mendominasi adalah jenis rumput Ischaemum muticum dan cemara Casuarina equisetifolia. Kemiringan pantai di setiap pulau yang dikunjungi berkisar 4,1º-5,4º. Fraksi pasir didominansi kategori sedang dan halus dengan ukuran 0,2 mm – 1 mm. Terjadi perubahan pola titik sebaran peneluran penyu sisik di Taman Nasional Kepulauan Seribu setiap tahunnya. Ditemukan lima pulau peneluran yakni Yu Barat, Yu Timur, Peteloran Timur, Pramuka, dan Kayu Angin Bira. Sebanyak 7 dari 10 sarang yang ditemukan terletak pada wilayah zona inti yang memiliki karakteristik cukup sesuai bagi penyu sisik untuk melakukan peneluran. Kegiatan pariwisata di sekitar Taman Nasional kepulauan Seribu memiliki pengaruh yang nyata terhadap kegiatan peneluran penyu sisik yang ada di kawasan ini., The population of hawksbill turtles potentially declined by 80% two decades ago, categorizing them as 'Critically Endangered (CR)' on the IUCN list. This research aims to inventory the distribution of hawksbill turtle nesting locations, explore changes in habitat characteristics and determine influencing factors hawksbill turtle nesting activities in Thousand Islands National Park. Research period takes place from March 2023 to June 2023, involving field surveys in three management sections in Thousand Islands National Park. The location points retrieval using analytical descriptive survey method. Results of the study, the dominating vegetation was Ischaemum muticum and Casuarina equisetifolia. The slope of the beach on each visited island ranges from 4,1º-5,4º. The sand fraction is dominated by medium and fine categories with a size of 0,2 mm – 1 mm. Each year the pattern of distribution points of turtles nesting has not been changed dramatically in Thousand Islands National Park. Ten nests in five nesting islands were founded: West Yu, East Yu, East Peteloran, Pramuka, and Kayu Angin Bira. Seven out of ten nests were in the core zone, where the habitat was more decent. Tourism activities were suspected to have a negative impact on turtle nesting activities in this region.
Keyword: nesting distribution, hawksbill turtle, thousand island national park

Judul: Sintesis Flavonol melalui 2’-Hidroksikalkon
Abstrak: Flavonol is a class of flavonoids commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Flavonol is very useful, especially in food sector and health. In this study, flavonol unsubstituted was successfully synthesized from an intermediate material 2’-hydroxychalcone. The 2’-hydroxychalcone was synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation method between o-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde using 4 different catalysts, namely KOH 60%, solid pellet of KOH-grinding technique, BF3-Et2O, and NaH in DMF. The KOH 60% was the best catalyst, giving the highest yield (57%). Afterward, the flavonol was synthesized in 1-stage oxidation cyclization of o-hydroxyacetophenone using Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction, giving 76%. The flavonol total yield from 2’-hydroxychalcone was 43%. All synthesized products were characterized by their melting points and their spectra. The success of the synthesis flavonol opens the way to synthesis of useful flavonol derivatives such as quercetin and kaempferol.
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