Judul: Dampak Keterbukaan Ekonomi terhadap Stabilitas Inflasi di Negara-negara ASEAN+6
Abstrak: Trade and financial openness, which are expected to improve the welfare of society, in principle does not only affect the output but also the price. This occurs because of the trade-off between economic growth and inflation. Some countries adopted Inflation Targeting Framework (ITF) policy to stabilize inflation, while others adopted exchange rate targeting or money targeting. The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of openness, both trade and financial openness, on inflation stability in ASEAN+6 countries. By employing panel data analysis of the eleven countries in 2001-2010, this study found that trade openness worsens inflation stability, while financial openness increases inflation stability. The negative impact of trade openness is particularly accurs in ITF countries. The positive impact of financial openness occurs in a non-ITF countries, whereas the opposite accurs for the ITF countries. The positive impact of financial openness on inflation stability in developing countries is greater than the developed countries.
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Judul: Dampak keterbukaan perdagangan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di negara-negara Asean+3
Abstrak: Openness increases the integration of world goods and capital markets, contributing to potential gains in growth and welfare. Openness promotes the efficient allocation of resources through comparative advantage, allows the dissemination of knowledge and technological progress, and encourages competition in domestic and international markets. This study examines the impact of trade openness on economic growth in ASEAN+3 countries over the period of 1999-2008. This study then presents cross-country, panel data evidence on how the growth effect of openness may depend on a variety of structural characteristics. For this purpose, the empirical section used regression that interacts a proxy of trade openness with foreign direct investment, financial depth, inflation, public infrastructure, educational level, technological progress, and number of employment. The study found that trade openness have a positive impact on economic growth in this region over this period, specially in developed contries group i.e. Singapore, Japan, and South Korea. This positive impact can be significantly improved if some complementary reforms are undertaken.
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Judul: Status Taksonomi Psidium cujavillus Burm.f. (Myrtaceae)
Abstrak: Marga Psidium terdiri dari sekitar 150 jenis yang tersebar di seluruh dunia pada wilayah beriklim tropis dan subtropis. Di pulau jawa dilaporkan terdapat tiga jenis Psidium salah satunya adalah Psidium cujavillus Burm.f. Kedudukan taksonomi Psidium cujavillus terhadap Psidium guajava L. belum disepakati secara luas, sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk memperjelas berdasarkan ciri morfologi, perkecambahan, anatomi, dan kromosom. Hasil pengamatan morfologi tanaman hidup P. cujavillus dan P. guajava serta pengamatan spesimen herbarium P. cujavillus memperlihatkan kesamaan mendasar struktur dan bentuk morfologi, kecuali ukuran jarak ruas, ukuran daun, diameter buah, dan berat biji. Proses perkecambahan dan morfologi kecambah kedua takson sama kecuali ukurannya. Dari segi anatomi juga tidak ada perbedaan nyata antara P. cujavillus dan P. guajava. Ukuran kromosom P. cujavillus dan P. guajava tidak melebihi 2 μm, dengan jumlah 2n=22. Keseluruhan pengamatan menunjukkan tidak cukup perbedaan P. cujavillus sebagai jenis berbeda dari P. guajava. Oleh karena itu, maka status taksonomi P. cujavillus merupakan takson infrajenis dalam P. guajava.
Keyword: Psidium cujavillus, Psidium guajava, status taksonomi, anatomi, kromosom