Judul: Study of agronomic character of medicinal plants meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L. and Phyllanthus urinaria L.)
Abstrak: Phyllanthus niruri L. and Phyllanthus urinaria L. were identified as weeds in rice plants and used as a medicinal plant. The objectives of this research were (1) to identify and analyze public opinion which is the existence and used of phyllanthus as medicinal plants, (2) to identify and analyze the morphological character and contain of bioactive that can be used as selection criteria for biomass production and high production of bioactive, (3) to identify and analyze the diversity and genetic proximity 13 accessions of morphological character, anthocyanin content and RAPD markers, (4) to identify and analyze the effects of environmental factors (light, water and nutrients) on growth, biomass production and contain of bioactive meniran. Exploration in Bangkalan and Gresik, East Java Province, get 13 accessions belonging to six green meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.) accessions from Bangkalan, one red meniran (Phyllanthus urinaria L.) accession from Bangkalan and six green meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.) accessions from Gresik. The results of a survey of public opinion indicated that the meniran plant have already known and used by the community. Morphological characters are correlated positively and significantly to the production of dry biomass were plant height, leaf number, branch number, stem diameter and total wet weight. Stem diameter, number of branches, total wet weight and leaf number directly affects the production of dry biomass and can be used as characters for selection. Exploration result carried out 13 accessions and 2 types meniran, green meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.) and red meniran (Phyllanthus urinaria L.), that developed two groups including group A consists of all accessions green meniran and group B consist of one red meniran accessions, based on RAPD markers. Among 12 accessions of green meniran 2 accessions, green meniran from Bangkalan (A6) and Gresik (A7), were higher on potential growth and biomass production than the others. Though, red meniran from Bangkalan accession (A13) has the great potential bioactive production. Based on the analysis, Phyllanthus response to the differences treatment of shade, fertilization and soil water level shown that to achieve the high growth and biomass production, green meniran (A6 and A7) need opening condition until 25% shading, combination of fertilizer manure + NPK and 100% soil water available to plants.Green meniran (A7) could produce the high contain phyllantin under the without shade condition and manure treatment. The high contain of hypophyllantin on green meniran (A7) need 50% shading there with given manure. Red meniran on considerably conditions (manure + NPK treatment and the availability of 50% soil water for the plants) produce the high contain of anthocyanin leaf.
Keyword: Medicinal Plants, Meniran, Phyllanthus niruri L., Phyllanthus urinaria L., Phyllanthus, phyllantin, hypophyllantin, anthocyanin, flavonoid

Judul: Karakterisasi Morfologi, Anatomi dan Biokimia Aksesi Meniran (Phyllanthus sp.) Di Wilayah Bogor
Abstrak: Kebutuhan manusia akan kesehatan dan pergeseran gaya hidup sehat membuat permintaan obat herbal semakin meningkat. Meniran merupakan salah satu tumbuhan yang berkhasiat obat, namun belum banyak dibudidayakan. Eksplorasi telah dilakukan dan diperoleh 25 aksesi meniran pada beberapa tipe habitat yang berbeda di Kecamatan Bogor Barat, Dramaga, Ciampea dan Parung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengkarakterisasi beberapa aksesi meniran yang merupakan hasil eksplorasi lapangan di wilayah Bogor dari aspek morfologi, anatomi dan biokimia. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari Februari sampai Desember 2014. Pengamatan terhadap karakter anatomi dan biokimia dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikroteknik, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor dan Laboratorium terpadu Pusat Studi Biofarmaka Institut Pertanian Bogor. Pengamatan yang dilakukan terhadap karakter morfologi yaitu warna batang, warna cabang, warna daun muda, warna daun tua, bentuk daun, bentuk ujung daun, warna bunga, bentuk bunga, warna buah, bentuk dan tekstur buah, warna biji, dan bentuk biji. Pengamatan karakter anatomi meliputi kerapatan stomata, ketebalan daun, ketebalan palisade dan ukuran stomata, serta pengamatan karakter biokimia yaitu, kadar kandungan filantin dan hipofilantin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua jenis meniran yang ditemukan yaitu meniran hijau (Phyllanthus niruri) dan meniran merah (Phyllanthus urinaria) dari eksplorasi lapangan. Karakter morfologi yang terlihat berbeda dari kedua spesies ini adalah warna batang dan warna cabang. Karakter anatomi yaitu tebal palisade meniran hijau lebih besar dibandingkan meniran merah. Kandungan bioaktif meniran berupa filantin dan hipofilantin. Dari hasil pengujian bahan biokimia, terdapat tiga aksesi meniran yang memiliki morfologi yang sama dan mempunyai kandungan filantin dan hipofilantin yang tinggi yaitu Bogor Barat 1, Ciampea 1 dan Dramaga 1. Morfologi meniran tersebut yaitu batang dan cabang berwarna hijau, daun berbentuk jorong dengan ujung tumpul dan buah dengan bentuk dan tekstur bulat halus.
Keyword: Anatomy, Green chamberbitter, Hyphophyllanthin, Phyllanthin, Red chamberbitter, Herba medicine, Phylanthus urinaria, Morphology, Medicine plants

Judul: Pricing of Lookback Options with Floating Strike Price Using The Monte Carlo Method
Abstrak: Opsi lookback adalah opsi yang payoff-nya bergantung pada harga saham terbesar atau harga saham terkecil yang dicapai selama masa berlaku opsi. Opsi lookback dikatakan dengan floating strike price jika nilai dari strike price sebesar harga saham pada saat jatuh tempo. Nilai hampiran opsi lookback ditentukan dengan metode Monte Carlo, sedangkan nilai eksak didapat dari nilai simulasi terbesar yang mampu dihitung oleh komputer. Berdasarkan hasil penghitungan, nilai galat relatif yang dihasilkan semakin kecil dengan semakin bertambah banyaknya simulasi yang dilakukan, sehingga metode Monte Carlo untuk menghitung harga opsi lookback dengan floating strike price konvergen ke nilai eksaknya., Lookback option is an option whose payoff depends on the maximum or minimum of the asset price reached during the option period. The lookback option is said to be a floating strike price if the value of the strike price is equal to the stock price at maturity. The value of the lookback option is determined by the Monte Carlo method, while the exact value is obtained from the largest simulation value that the computer can compute. Based on the calculation results, the resulting relative error value get smaller with the increasing number of simulations performed. Therefore, the Monte Carlo method to calculate the price of the lookback option with the floating strike price converges to the exact value.
Keyword: lookback option, floating strike price, Monte Carlo method, convergent