Judul: Peranan transportasi dalam pengembangan wilayah di Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara Propinsi Sumatera Utara
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi jalur transportasi antar pusat di Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara dan mengklasifikasikannya dalam klasifikasi fungsional sehingga diperoleh prioritas pembinaan dan peningkatan jalur transportasi antar pusat. Tujuan lain dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi interaksi antar pusat di Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara. Perbedaan tingkat pemilikan jenis dan unit prasarana pelayanan, terutama prasarana ekonomi, pendidikan dan kesehatan memperlihatkan adanya hirarki dan perbedaan ordo pusat di Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara. Keadaan ini menyebabkan adanya ketergantungan dan hubungan pemenuhan fasilitas prasarana antara pusat yang berordo lebih rendah terhadap pusat berordo lebih tinggi dan hal ini akan mendorong Lerjadinya interaksi penduduk antara satu pusat rlengan pusat lainnya baik yang berhubungan langsung atau tidak langsung. Transportasi dilihat dari fungsinya merupakan suatu cara untuk memindahkan manusia atau barang dari suatu tempat ke tempat yang lain, dan menyangkut banyak aspek dalam kehidupan manusia. Transportasi menjadi sangat penting peranannya dilihat dari penyediaan dan pemenuhan kebutuhan ekonomi. Hal ini disebabkan adanya perbedaan produksi maupun konsumsi (kualitas maupun kuantitas) antara suatu wilayah dengan wilayah lainnya sebagai akibat perbedaan sosial-budaya maupun potensi-potensi ekonominya. ...
Keyword: Transportation

Judul: An Analysis of The Existence and Handling Priority of Regency Road Section for Regional Development Purposes in The North Tapanuli Regency
Abstrak: Jalan sebagai jaringan transportasi darat merupakan bagian unsur fundamental dalam perencanaan pengembangan wilayah. Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara memiliki jalan kabupaten sepanjang 1.222,01 km yang terbagi menjadi 194 ruas. Keterbatasan dana dalam penanganannya menyebabkan perlunya menentukan wilayah dan ruas jalan kabupaten yang dianggap prioritas penanganannya dengan memperhatikan hirarki wilayah, potensi sektor pertanian pada setiap wilayah yang menjadi sektor andalan di Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara dan pendapat stakeholder dalam mengatasi permasalahan penanganan ruas jalan kabupaten di Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara., Road as the land transportation network is part of a fundamental elements in planning of regional development. North Tapanuli Regency has 1.222,01 km regency road which is divided into 194 sections. However, due to limited available fund, need to determine regency road section that are considered priority by observing hierarchy region, potency of agricultural sector in each region and opinions of stakeholders in addressing the issue of handling the regency road in North Tapanuli Regency.
Keyword: North Tapanuli, regency road, regional development

Judul: Development of DNA Vaccine Encoding Glycoprotein of Koi Herpes Virus Using Local Isolate.
Abstrak: The aim of this research was to develop DNA vaccine of Koi Herpesvirus in carp. Glycoprotein gene originated from ORF 25 KHV virus that is 1.8 kbp in size, is a potential gene in DNA vaccine construction. The sequencing and similarity analysis of the gene using BLAST software showed that this gene is a GP25 gene and was found to be very similar (99%) to GP25 of KHV virus from the USA and Israel. When this GP25 gene was ligated with pGEMT Easy (pT, 3 kbp in size) vector, plasmid size was increasing up to 5 kb. Following this, a digestion of pT-GP25 plasmid using Sal I enzyme was applied resulted in a GP25 fragment (1.8 kbp). Subsequently, pAct-D6 with a size of 8.5 kbp was also cut using the same enzyme to eleminate a D6 gene with a size of 1.6 kbp. GP25 gene was then ligated with pAct resulted a pAct-GP25 plasmid with a size of 8.8 kbp. As there was only one restriction site applied, ligation can be occurred in two different directions. Thus, in order to determine the plasmid with the desired direction PCR analysis was carried out, and plasmid with the right direction was the one that sized approximately 2.1 kbp (no. 6, 17 and 20). High level of GFP gene expression was detected in all tissues analyzed, i.e. kidney, gil, spleen, and muscle 24 hours after injection which indicated that β-actin promoter of Japanese medaka could be active in common carp. Although not as high as on 24 hours, expression was still detected until day 7 and disappeared after day 28 post injection indicating that pAct-GFP can be remained and β-actin promoter of Japanese medaka can be active in muscle, gills and kidney at least a week after injection. The result of RT-PCR analysis on pAct-GP25 injected common carp showed that GP25 gene expression can be detected 14 days after injection in all tissues observed. The expression level differences between GFP and GP25 genes possibly related to the primer sensitivity on annealing process to cDNA template and the size of PCR targeted DNA fragment, as smaller PCR targeted product will be easier to be amplified than a bigger one. The length of PCR targeted DNA with GP25 primer was 1.8 kbp whereas GFP gene was 0.6 kbp.The challenge test on common carp results showed that all unvaccinated and negative control (not infected with KHV) was alive until the end of the experiment. Whereas, the survival of fish vaccinated with a dose of 12.5 was ranged from 60.9 and 96.7%. In relation to the activity of β-actin promoter that was used in this DNA vaccine, gene expression was occured 24 hours after vaccination and remained until 2 weeks. The control fish that was not injected by GP25 showed no GP25 expression either in the observed tissues or organs and resulted in a lower survival, i.e. 23.3%. The challenge test results has indicated that the fish vaccinated with GP25 at doses of 7.5 and 12.5 μg/100μL were able to produce KHV glycoprotein in their body which would be
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