Judul: Landscape Design of Alun-alun Sidareja as City Identity of Sidareja
Abstrak: Alun-alun merupakan salah satu ruang terbuka publik dengan karakter kuat yang menunjukkan ciri khas arsitektur tata ruang kota Jawa kuno. Pola penataan ruang alun-alun menjadi faktor yang memperkuat karakternya. Dengan karakter yang kuat, alun-alun juga dikenal sebagai identitas sebuah kota. Alun-alun Sidareja adalah sebuah alun-alun kecamatan dengan ciri khas alun-alun Jawa kuno dan dikenali sebagai identitas Kota Sidareja. Di sisi lain, elemen lanskap pada tapak tidak menunjukkan karakter yang kuat yang menggambarkan karakteristik kotanya. Oleh karena itu, perlu dibuat desain lanskap Alun-alun Sidareja yang dapat merepresentasikan karakteristik kota. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi potensi Alun-alun Sidareja, menganalisis pola ruang Alun-alun Sidareja, dan menghasilkan desain Alun-alun Sidareja sebagai identitas sebuah kota. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif naratif melalui wawancara, kuesioner, studi pustaka, dan survei lapangan. Proses penelitian dilakukan melalui analisis, desain, dan gambar konstruksi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Alun-alun Sidareja memiliki potensi pengembangan yang tinggi karena letaknya yang strategis, dapat menampung berbagai kegiatan, dan Kota Sidareja sendiri dapat memberi dampak wilayah sekitarnya. Pola tata ruang Alun-alun Sidareja menunjukkan ciri arsitektur tata ruang kota Jawa kuno, tetapi penempatannya tidak sesuai dengan kriteria. Rekomendasi desain yang dibuat menghasilkan empat ruang berupa ruang hijau, ruang landmark dan aksentuasi, ruang serbaguna, dan ruang kegiatan sosial. Pola desain yang diterapkan adalah abstraksi dari pohon pisang yang merepresentasikan arti nama “Sidareja” dan sale pisang yang merupakan oleh-oleh khas Sidareja., Alun-alun is one of the public open spaces with a strong character that shows the characteristics of ancient Javanese city spatial architecture. The pattern of spatial planning of alun-alun is the factors that strengthen its character. With a strong character, alun-alun also known as the identity of a city. Alun-alun Sidareja is a district alun-alun with the characteristics of ancient Javanese alun-alun and can be recognized as the identity of the Sidareja City. On the other hand, the landscape element on the site do not show a strong character that describes the characteristics of the city. Therefore, it is necessary to create a development design of Alun-alun Sidareja that can represent the characteristics of the city. The purpose of this research is to identify the potential of Alun-alun Sidareja, analyze the spatial pattern of Alun-alun Sidareja, and produce a design of the Alun-alun Sidareja as the identity of a city. This research used descriptive narrative method through interviews, questionnaires, literature reviews, and field surveys. The research process is carried out through analysis, design, and construction drawing. This research shows that Alun-alun Sidareja has high development potential because of its strategic location, can accomodate various activities, and the Sidareja City itself greatly influences the surrounding area. Then, the spatial pattern of Alun-alun Sidareja shows the characteristics of the ancient Javanese city spatial architecture, still, its placement does not match the criteria. Besides, the recommendation design produces four spaces in the form of green space, landmark and accentuation space, multipurpose space, and social-activity space. The design pattern applied is an abstraction of the banana tree which represents the meaning of the name “Sidareja” and the sale pisang which are typical souvenirs of Sidareja.
Keyword: alun-alun, city identity, landscape design, spatial pattern, Sidareja

Judul: Greenery Planning to Strengthen the Character of Cultural Landscape in the Alun-alun of Keraton Surakarta
Abstrak: Kota Surakarta merupakan kota yang masih kental dengan nilai sejarah dan budaya, salah satunya ditandai dengan masih berdirinya Keraton Surakarta Hardiningrat yang memiliki alun-alun sebagai ruang terbukanya. Namun vegetasi sebagai salah satu elemen lanskap yang memiliki nilai filosofis sejarah dan budaya penting juga tidak dimaksimalkan dalam penataannya sehingga fungsi vegetasi yang diharapkan belum tercapai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merencanakan tata hijau pada kedua alun-alun ini untuk memperkuat karakter alun-alun sebagai bagian dari lanskap budaya Keraton Surakarta sekaligus meningkatkan fungsinya baik secara ekologis maupun estetika sebagai bagian dari ruang terbuka hijau kota. Metode analisis dilakukan secara kuantitatif melalui skoring dan kualitatif yang kemudian disajikan dalam bentuk deskriptif dan spasial. Hasil analisis signifikansi lanskap budaya terhadap tapak menunjukkan bahwa kedua alun-alun ini berada pada kategori sedang. Konsep perencanaan tata hijau ini adalah menjadikan Alun-alun sebagai ruang terbuka yang memiliki karakter lanskap budaya yang selaras dengan Kawasan Keraton Surakarta, sebagai salah satu bentuk upaya pelestarian cagar budaya. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini berupa site plan dan planting plan yang telah disusun berdasar rencana ruang, sirkulasi dan tata hijau., Surakarta is a city that is closely related to its historical and cultural values, which is marked by the still-standing Keraton Surakarta Hardiningrat which has alun-alun as its open space. Although often used by the citizen, spatial planning and vegetation on the Alun-Alun is not yet managed optimally. Therefore, greenery planning is needed in both alun-alun to strengthen the character of the Alun-alun as part of the cultural landscape of the Keraton Surakarta while enhancing its function both ecologically and aesthetically as part of the city's green open spaces. The method of analysis was carried out quantitatively through scoring and qualitative which was then presented in descriptive and spatial forms. The results of the analysis of the significance of the cultural landscape on the site show that these two alun-alun are in the medium category. The concept of this green planning is to strengthen the cultural landscape character of Alun-alun to be in harmony with the Keraton Surakarta Area, as a form of cultural heritage preservation effort. The final result of this research are site plan and planting plan prepared based on spatial, circulation, and greenery planning.
Keyword: alun-alun, cultural landscape, greenery planning, Keraton Surakarta Hadiningrat, Surakarta city

Judul: Provision of vaccine effectiveness against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) at different temperatures of media
Abstrak: The aims of this study were to assess the physiological and haematological responses of fish due to different water temperatures, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (ich) infection, and vaccination with ich theront stadia. The research was conducted in three stages. The first stage was designed to determine the temperature range that could cause stress in fish and had potency to cause ich infection. In the second stage, fish was infected with ich. The last stage was carried out to investigate the effect of vaccination. Physiological changes in fish from each stage were determined. The results of the first stage showed that cortisol levels at 20, 24, and 28⁰C and glucose levels at 24 and 28oC increased until 21st day. Fish that was kept at 24oC had the lowest survival rate (87±3.35%) and fish that was kept at 32oC had the highest survival rate (100%). In the second stage, infected fish at 20oC was under great stress, which was characterized by the increase in cortisol levels by 51.38% on 3rd day, increase in glucose levels by 60.93%, decrease in osmolarity by 18.40%, decrease lymphocytes percentage by 16.44%, and the lowest survival rate (58.11±2.16%). The damage that was affected by I. multifiliis could be seen by the presence of hypercellular, many goblet cells, and infiltration of lymphocytes cells. Lastly, vaccination caused the decrease in cortisol levels and increase in glucose levels until 14th day. The prevalence of I. multifiliis in the vaccinated fish decreased with the increase in temperature, and I. multifiliis prevalence at 20⁰C was 80.03±10.00% and at 28⁰C was 0%, and the highest survival rate was obtained at 28⁰C (100%).
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