Judul: Forestry Business Development Using Business Model Canvas Approach in Social Forestry Land of Gerlang Village, Batang Regency
Abstrak: Pengelolaan hutan lestari mempertimbangkan aspek lingkungan, ekonomi dan sosial. Di tingkat lokal, perhutanan sosial merupakan strategi kunci untuk menerapkan pengelolaan hutan lestari yang bertujuan untuk mengurangi kemiskinan, memberdayakan masyarakat lokal, dan memperbaiki kondisi hutan. Pemberian izin pengelolaan kawasan hutan kepada masyarakat lokal membutuhkan perencanaan pengembangan usaha yang baik agar terus berlanjut. Kanvas model bisnis dapat menjadi alat bantu dalam mengembangkan bisnis kehutanan dengan sembilan elemennya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model bisnis kehutanan pada lahan perhutanan sosial di Desa Gerlang, Kabupaten Batang. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan Focus Group Discussion dengan Divisi Perhutanan Sosial Kesatuan Pengelolaan Hutan Pekalongan Timur, Bagian Kesatuan Pengelolaan Hutan Blado, Kelompok Usaha Perhutanan Sosial Gerlang Asri, 100 petani, dan masyarakat yang terlibat dalam usaha tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model bisnis yang optimal dapat dikembangkan dengan mempertimbangkan manfaat kentang, wortel, daun bawang, cabai, kopi arabika, pohon pinus dan puspa. Kelayakan finansial dari model yang dikembangkan menunjukkan hasil yang baik, dengan Net Present Value sebesar Rp 541.451.164, Benefit Cost Ratio sebesar 1,88, Internal Rate of Return sebesar 67,98% dengan periode pengembalian modal pada tahun kedua. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa model yang dikembangkan layak untuk dijalankan., Sustainable forest management takes into account environmental, economic and social aspects. At the local level, social forestry is a key strategy for implementing sustainable forest management that aims to reduce poverty, empower local communities, and improve forest conditions. The granting of forest area management permits to local communities requires good business development planning so that continue. The business model canvas can be a tool for developing a forestry business with its nine elements. This research aims to develop a forestry business model on social forestry land in Gerlang Village, Batang District. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussions with the Social Forestry division of East Pekalongan Forest Management Unit, Blado Forest Management Unit Section, Gerlang Asri Social Forestry Business Group, 100 farmers, and communities involved in the business. The result showed that an optimized business model can be developed by considering the benefits of potato, carrot, leek, chilli, arabica coffee, pine and needlewood trees. Financial feasibility testing of the developed model showed good results, with Net Present Value of Rp 541.451.164, Benefit Cost Ratio of 1,88, Internal Rate of Return of 67,98%, and a Payback Period in the second year. This showed that the model was feasible to run.
Keyword: agroforestry, kanvas model bisnis, perhutanan sosial

Judul: Simulation Model of Multi Forestry Business Based on Smart Small Scale Forest Management Unit in BKPH Parung Panjang
Abstrak: Perluasan wilayah lahan kritis dapat menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan karena kerusakan yang terjadi pada sumber daya hutan. Upaya pengembangan multiusaha kehutanan berbasis Smart Small Scale Forest Management Unit (S3FMU) dapat menjadi salah satu usaha yang dapat dilakukan, karena berpotensi memberikan keuntungan secara ekonomi, ekologi, dan sosial. Analisis penerapan S3FMU dilakukan dengan membuat model simulasi terkait model usaha yang akan diterapkan pada lahan kritis di Bagian Kesatuan Pemangkuan Hutan (BKPH) Parung Panjang dan menganalisis kelayakan usaha serta potensi keuntungan yang dihasilkan. Skenario model usaha berbasis S3FMU yang layak dikembangkan berdasarkan analisis kelayakan usaha yaitu agrosilvopastura. Usaha agrosilvopastura berbasis S3FMU dibagi menjadi lima kavling pengelolaan, yaitu kavling Durian, Alpukat, Manggis, dan Pala dengan pola pengelolaan agrisilvikultur bersama dengan Lengkuas, Jagung, dan Singkong, serta kavling peternakan Sapi Brahman. Potensi keuntungan yang didapat dari penerapan agrosilvopastura berbasis S3FMU yaitu sebesar Rp 158.755.632,98 per hektar per tahun, The expansion of critical land areas can cause various problems due to the damage to forest resources. The development of multi-business forestry based on the Smart Small Scale Forest Management Unit (S3FMU) can be one of the efforts undertaken, as it has the potential to provide economic, ecological, and social benefits. The analysis of S3FMU implementation is carried out by creating a simulation model related to the business model to be applied to critical land in the Parung Panjang Forest Management Unit (BKPH) and analyzing the business feasibility and potential profits. The feasible S3FMU-based business model scenario for development, based on business feasibility analysis, is agrosilvopasture. The S3FMU-based agrosilvopasture business is divided into five management plots: Durian, Avocado, Mangosteen, and Nutmeg, with an agrisilviculture management pattern along with Galangal, Corn, and Cassava, as well as a Brahman Cattle livestock plot. The potential profit from implementing S3FMU-based agrosilvopasture is Rp 158,755,632.98 per hectare per year
Keyword: model simulasi, S3FMU, lahan kritis, multiusaha kehutanan

Judul: Characterizations of low alloy steel sae 4422  plated with chromic acid (Cro3)
Abstrak: Characterizations of low alloy steel SAE 4422 plated with chromic acid (CrOrO3) was use Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), RD),Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-Ray (EDAX), Hardness Test and Roughness Test. Microstructures analysis exhibits cracks and grain boundaries microcracks as a characteristics of chrome metal found at plating metal. Perlite and Ferrite as grains of steel found at base metal with grain boundaries around it. Phase analysis of plating metal appropriate to chrome metal with lattice constant (a) is 2.559 Å and phase analysis of base metal appropriate to iron ferrite with lattice constant (a) is 3.318 Å. Both plating and base metal have cubic system. Chemical analysis of plating metal at surface section exhibits that cracks area have highest value of carbon element compare with grains and grains boundaries area. While chemical analysis of base metal at cross section exhibits that perlite have highest value of carbon element compare with ferrite and grain boundaries. The hardness value of plating metal at surface section and cross section are 753 and 637 VHN. While, the hardness value of base metal and interface area at cross section are 205 and 373 VHN. The roughness value at measurement points of chrome surface for as received sample are 0.445 μm. Observation used Optical Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy exhibits surface irregularities combine to form surface texture of plating metal at surface section.
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