Judul: Effect of Seed Size on Physiological Quality of Mung Bean Seed Varieties Vima 4 and  Vimil 1
Abstrak: Kebutuhan konsumsi nasional kacang hijau mengalami peningkatan, akan tetapi besaran luas panen mengalami penurunan dan diikuti dengan penurunan hasil produksi. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah meningkatkan produksi kacang hijau dengan menggunakan benih yang bermutu. Mutu benih dipengaruhi oleh ukuran benih. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh ukuran benih terhadap mutu fisiologis benih kacang hijau varietas Vima 4 dan Vimil 1. Penelitian ini disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap faktor tunggal yaitu ukuran benih dengan empat taraf ukuran (besar, sedang, kecil dan campuran). Taraf ukuran campuran terdiri atas benih dengan diameter yang beragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran benih varietas Vima 4 berpengaruh terhadap daya berkecambah, indeks vigor, bobot kering kecambah normal, laju imbibisi dan nilai daya hantar listrik. Benih berukuran besar memiliki nilai daya berkecambah 94%, indeks vigor 86%, laju imbibisi 3,75 ml/jam dan nilai daya hantar listrik sebesar 23,29 μS/cm. g. Pada varietas Vimil 1, ukuran benih tidak berpengaruh terhadap daya berkecambah, indeks vigor dan daya berkecambah setelah pengusangan. Ukuran benih sedang dan besar memiliki daya berkecambah paling tinggi 91.3% dan indeks vigor 80,6%., National consumption needs of mung beans has increased, but the amount of harvested area has decreased and is followed by a decrease in production yields. One of the efforts that can be done is to increase the production of mung beans by using quality seeds. Seed quality is influenced by seed size. This study aimed to analyze the effect of seed size on the physiological quality of mung bean seeds of Vima 4 and Vimil 1 varieties. This research was arranged in a single factor Completely Randomized Design, namely seed size with four size levels (large, medium, small and mixed). The mixed size level consists of seeds with various diameters. The results showed that the seed size of the Vima 4 variety had an effect on germination, vigor index, dry weight of normal germination, rate of imbibition and electrical conductivity. Large seeds have a germination value of 94%, a vigor index of 86%, an imbibition rate of 3.75 ml/hour and an electrical conductivity value of 23.29 S/cm.g. In Vimil 1 variety, seed size had no effect on germination, vigor index and germination after aging. Medium and large seed sizes had the highest germination rate of 91.3% and vigor index of 80.6%.
Keyword: imbibition, germination, seed diameter, vigor

Judul: Physiological Quality of Peanut Seed (Arachis hypogeae L.) Variety Kancil with Different Sizes
Abstrak: Kacang tanah merupakan tanaman kacang-kacangan penting yang memiliki kandungan protein dan lipid yang tinggi. Produksi dan produktivitas kacang tanah ditentukan oleh kualitas benih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh ukuran benih terhadap viabilitas dan vigor benih kacang tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.). Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari hingga April 2023 di Laboratorium Pengolahan Benih dan Laboratorium Pengujian dan Penyimpanan Mutu Benih, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Penelitian disusun dalam faktor tunggal Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan tiga kali ulangan. Perlakuan berupa ukuran benih yang dikelompokkan menjadi 4 kelompok yaitu kecil (≤0,75 cm), sedang (kecil  x  besar), besar ( 1,13 cm), dan tidak dipilah. Ukuran besar dan sedang memiliki permukaan biji yang halus, sedangkan ukuran kecil memiliki permukaan biji yang keriput. Semua ukuran biji diidentifikasi biji bulat. Ukuran benih berpengaruh nyata terhadap vigor benih, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap viabilitas benih. Ukuran benih yang besar menunjukkan vigor yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan ukuran lainnya. Ukuran benih tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap daya simpan benih yang ditunjukkan dengan perkecambahan benih setelah pemasakan dipercepat. Penggunaan benih ukuran besar yang memiliki vigor tinggi sangat diperlukan untuk produksi dengan lingkungan yang kurang baik., Peanut is an important legume crop that has high proteins and lipids content. Peanut production and productivity were determined by seed quality. This research was aimed to identify the effect of seed size to peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seed viability and vigor. The research was carried out from January to April 2023 in Seed Procesing Laboratory and Seed Quality Testing and Storage Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University. The research was arranged in single factor - A Completely Randomized Design with three reptitions. The treatment is seed size that was categorized in 4 groups, i.e small (≤0,75 cm), intermediate (small  x  large), large ( 1,13 cm), and unsorted. Large and intermediate sizes had smooth seed surface, while the small size had wrinkled seed surface. All the seed size were identified the round seed. The seed size has a significant effect to seed vigor, nevertheless did not significant to seed viability. Large seed size showed the higher vigor than other sizes. Seed size didn’t significant to seed storability vigor that was showed by germination of seed after the accelerated aging. The large seed size use that has high vigor is very required to unfavourable enviromentals production.
Keyword: AAT, diameter benih, intergritas membran, viabilitas, vigor, accelerated aging text, membrane integrity, seed diameter, viability

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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