Judul: Kemampuan Kangkung, Selada, Dan Genjer Untuk Menurunkan Ion Mn2+ Terlarut Dalam Air
Abstrak: Mangan mempakan salah satu logam berat yang berbahaya bagi kesehatan manusia. Keracunan Mn dap8.t mengakibatkan beberapa penyakit. yaitu kemsakan hati, secara almt menyebabkan pneumonitis dan secara kronis menyebabkan ensefalopati. Ambang Mn ulltuk pertanian sebesar 2 mgIL, Di dalam perairan. Mn dapat menyebabkan pakaian yang dicuci dan peralatan kamar mandi berkarat serta menyebabkan kerak di pipa-pipa pada konsentrasi melebihi 0,05 mgIL.
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Judul: Efisiensi Genjer, Kangkung Air, Dan Selada Air Dalam Menurunkan Konsentrasi Logam Resi (Fe) di Dalam Medium Air Tawar
Abstrak: Besi mcrupakan salah satu logam berat yang berbahaya bagi kesehatan manusia. Keracunan besi dapat mengakibatkan gangguan fungsi hati, ginjal, dan juga mcnyebabkan iritasi salman pencernaan. Di perairan, besi dapat menimbulkan berkas karat pada pakaian dan porselin serta mcnimbulkan rasa tidak enak pada air minum dengan konsentrasi standar maksimumnya 0,31 mg/l. Penelitian ini bertujuan mcngetahui efisiensi genjer, kangkung air, dan selada air dalam menurunkan logam besi di perairan tawar. Pengukuran sampel air dilakukan pada hari ke-O, 7, 14. 21, dan 28 dengan menggunakan spektrofiJtometer ultraviolet-sinal' latnpak patin panjang gelombang, 470 11m, Parameter utama yang diukul' aualah Fe terlarut sedangkan parameter pellunjangnya (ldalah suhu, pH, daya hantar listrik, kekeruhan, CO~ bebas, oksigen terlaruL dall kdHltUl1i11l oksigcn biologis. I-Iasil peneiitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin hari konscntrilsi bcsi yang diserap oleh ketiga tallaman semakin banyak. Pada hari ke-28 konsentrasi Fe eli perairan pild" tanHmtln selada air dengan kisaran 0,0002 s<lmpai 0,8025 ppm, sedangkan pada tanaman genjt.!1' (0,000." s<Jlllpai 6,0080 ppm) dan kangkung air (0,0005 sampai 6,0504 ppm). Bcrdasarkan anal isis stalislik11 diketahui babw<J pada hari kc-7, 14, 2!. dan 28 padi! tanalllan genjer, kangkung air, dan selada HiI' lllL'mberi respolls yang nyata dalam menurullkall logam Fe untuk perlakuan 0, 1,5,10, dan 15 ppm. Elisiensi absorbsi Fe paling tinggi teljacli pad a hari kc-28 perlakuan 15 ppm yaitu selada air (94,67%), genjcl' (59,991%)c1an kangkung air (59,66%). Parameter penunjang sepcrti daya hantar listrik, pi-I, oksigen tcrlarul, kebutuhan oksigen biologis bcrpengaruh paela turunnya jumlah Fe eli pcrairan scdangkan suilu. kckcl'uhan, CO:!: be bas tidak berpengaruh.
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Judul: Development of Face Recognition Model using Bi-2DPCA and Support Vector Machine
Abstrak: The human face is always used in the application of access control systems, identity authentication systems, surveillance systems and security systems. Some researh on face recognition has been proposed with a variety of methods, such as Eigen Faces, Fisher’s Linear Discriminant, Bayesian Networks, Neural Networks,Hidden Markov Model, and so on. But all the above mentioned methods have limitations, such as dealing with the size of the image and lighting and learning time are too long. In a study to obtain an alternative method for face recognition, Le TH and Bui L (2011) conducted research model of face recognition with Two- DimensionalPrincipal Component Analysis (2DPCA) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) using AT&T face image data. The results of these studies that the accuracy of face recognition use 2DPCA and SVM was 97.3% and PCA-SVM was 95.2%. Then in 2010, Bi-2DPCA uses as alternative method of face recognition performed by Yang J et al. (2010). In a study comparing methods of Bi-2DPCA, 2DPCA and PCA. The conclusion that the use of Bi-2DPCA generating and computational accuracy was better than 2DPCA and PCA Based on research conducted by Le TH and Bui L (2011) and Yang J et al. (2010), conducted research for the development of models of face recognition using dimension reduction technique Bi-2DPCA and Support Vector Machine (SVM) as pattern recognition. 1DPCA and 2DPCA dimension reduction technique are used as comparison measure dimensions and computing time than using Bi-2DPCA technique. To help SVM in recognizing human faces, SVM use linear, polynomial and radial basis function (RBF) kernel function. When using RBF kernel, used for the RBF kernel, the parameter for sigma is 2-15 up to 23 and the value of C starting from 2-5 up to 214 which have been used in a study conducted by Le TH and Bui L (2011). Facial image data used are taken from the ORL Face Database AT&T Laboratory, which contain 40 faces, each face with 10 images, and total of image 400 pieces. Validation is done by Leave-One-Out (LOO) cross validation, so that for each pair of extraction and classifier method is 10 trials. One against all method used to help SVM in classifying the ORL face data consists of 40 classes, to reduce the computational time. From the results of tests on 36 models of face recognition , Bi-2DPCA85% with the help of a linear kernel generates the highest level of face recognition accuracy of 94.25 %, and the lowest accuracy rate of 24.50 % was obtained with 1DPCA-kernel polynomial ordo 3 . While the lowest computational time of 15.34 seconds when component is used by 85 % computation time and a maximum of 252.68 seconds when component is 95 %. There are several things that could be concluded that: pattern accuracy on each kernel feature extraction are the same. This means that there is no relationship between the feature extraction used by the kernel to the SVM. The second is, in this study SVM cannot classify large dimension data. From the results of tests on 36 models of face recognition, Bi2DPCA85% with the help
Keyword: Face Recognition, Principle Component Analysis, Kernel, Support Vector Machine, Leave-one Out Cross Validation