Judul: The isolation and molecular identification of papillomavirus in macaca fascicularis and macaca nemestrina at animal facility of primate research centre – Bogor Agricultural University.
Abstrak: Cervical cancer is still regarded as a major cause of death in women world wide, hence research on papilloma viruses, their drugs and vaccines for the prevention are still continued. Papilloma virus is a DNA virus of the family papillomaviridae. Papilloma virions have no sheath, the diameter of 55 nm, and icosahedral capsid. The virus multiplies in the cell nucleus and causes chronic latent infection. The virus genome has a circular form, 8 kbp in length with 8 open reading frames. The genome is divided into early (E) and late (L) genes. The E gen synthesizes 6 E proteins, namely E1, E2, E4, E5, E6 and E7, which are linked into the process of viral replication and oncogenes. Meanwhile, the L gene synthesizes 2 proteins, the L1 and L2, which are related to the formation of the capsid (Hakim 2010). In order to obtain the best result of the cancer research, it is highly requested to obtain appropriate animal model that reflect aspects of human disease. Non-human primates have high similarity with humans, both in terms of the evolution of the genetic, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and organ systems, as well as in cancer genes. Non-human primates of the genus Macaca is a genus with the highest distribution worldwide, from Japan to Afghanistan. So far, there are 22 species are included in the genus Macaca. Originally rhesus monkeys or M. mulatta are widely used for biomedical research, but since the Indian government imposed a ban on importing these animals, then Macaca fascicularis (Long-tailed Macaque, cynomolgus) and Macaca nemestrina (Pig-tailed Macaque), which has high population in Southeast Asia, began to be used as research animal. Various medical aspects related to both species are commonly studied by many researchers as an animal model for human diseases. This study is using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and nucleotide tracking to identify papillomavirus tipes that infect the genital tract of Macaca fascicularis and Macaca nemestrina, which is kept in breeding facilities of Primate Research Center, IPB. The analysis of nucleotide sequences were performed using the Clustal W 2.1 and 5.1 Mega program. The establishment of phylogenetic tree using neighbor joining with 1000 times bootstrap repetition. The results showed that the papillomavirus that infect Macaca fascicularis was 32.7% (78/238) and Macaca nemestrina 12% (4/31). Both species were infected by Macaca fascicularis papillomavirus (MfPV) tipe 3, 4, 5, 7 and 9, belongs to the genus Alpha papillomavirus with homology of 80 - 100%. Papilloma virus that infected the pig-tailed macaque was the same tipe of papillomavirus that infected the cynomolgus with similarity between 82% - 99% based on L1 region. To further explain the tipes of papilloma viruses that infected the pig-tailed macaque, it is necessary to identify the entire genome of the virus. To determine the tipe of the virus, it requires the identification of a more complete nucleotide sequence. It is interesting because papillomavirus that infected the pigtail macaques has 76% homology with the HPV tipe 52. This is the first report on the incidence of papillomavirus infection in the pigtail macaque genome that further analysis
Keyword: Papillomavirus, cervic cancer, animal model, Macaca fascicularis, Macaca nemestrina

Judul: Ekspresi Gen Bax dan Bcl-2 pada Macaca fascicularis sebagai Hewan Model Penelitian Papillomavirus
Abstrak: Kanker serviks adalah salah satu kanker yang menempati posisi keempat di dunia yang terjadi pada wanita. Infeksi Papillomavirus telah dilaporkan sebagai satu dari sekian banyak faktor penyebab kanker serviks. Mekanisme terjadinya kanker serviks tidak lepas dari adanya penekanan atau hambatan proses apoptosis. Monyet ekor panjang telah banyak digunakan sebagai hewan model penelitian karena memiliki kesamaan dengan manusia dari segi genetik, anatomi, dan fisiologi dibandingkan dengan hewan lainnya. Monyet ekor panjang dilaporkan telah terinfeksi secara spontan oleh Papillomavirus, namun tidak menunjukkan gejala yang mengarah pada kanker serviks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi ekspresi 2 gen yang berperan dalam proses apoptosis yaitu Bax dan Bcl-2 pada monyet ekor panjang yang positif versus negatif Papillomavirus. Uji ekspresi gen dilakukan dengan teknik Real time PCR (RT-qPCR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekspresi gen Bax dan Bcl-2 lebih tinggi pada monyet ekor panjang positif terinfeksi Papillomavirus. Ekspresi gen Bcl-2 (anti apoptosis) meningkat lebih tinggi dari gen Bax (pro apoptosis). Ekspresi gen Bax dan Bcl-2 berpotensi menjadi penanda genetik kejadian kanker pada monyet ekor panjang yang terinfeksi Papillomavirus.
Keyword: Macaca fascicularis, Papillomavirus, apoptotic, Bax gene, Bcl-2 gene

Judul: Struktur Kristal dan Sifat Optik Lapisan Tipis Ba0.55Sr0.45TiO3 didadah Litium Oksida dengan Metode Chemical Solution Deposition
Abstrak: Telah dilakukan penumbuhan film tipis Barium Strontium Titanat (Ba0.55Sr0.45TiO3) murni dan BST yang didadah Litium Oksida Li2O (BSLT) dengan variasi pendadah 0%, 1%, 3% dan 5% di atas substrat Si(111) tipe-p dengan menggunakan metode Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) dengan teknik spin coating pada kecepatan putar 3000 rpm selama 30 detik. Film Tipis BST dibuat dengan konsentrasi 1M dan annealing pada suhu 850°C untuk substrat Si(111). Hasil karakterisasi menggunakan XRD diuraikan dalam bentuk grafik hubungan antara intensitas terhadap sudut 2 theta. Pola difraksi XRD Ba0.55Sr0.45TiO3 diketahui memiliki beberapa puncak. Material Ba0.55Sr0.45TiO3 berbentuk kristalin dengan struktur kubus, dengan besar parameter kisi 4.061 Å. Hasil uji sifat optik menunjukkan bahwa pendadahan mempengaruhi nilai energy gap BST dan semakin besar komposisi litium (Li) yang digunakan maka semakin besar indeks bias yang dihasilkan. Pendadahan Li2O menaikkan konstanta dielektrik film.
Keyword: BST, Li2O, energy gap, sifat optik, struktur kristal