Judul: Analisis Finansial dan Kontribusi Hutan Rakyat terhadap Kesejahteraan Rumah Tangga Petani (di Desa Pasir Madang, Kecamatan Sukajaya, Kabupaten Bogor, Provinsi Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: The pressure on forest resources led to an excessive exploitation of forest resource so that it no longer able to provide optimal benefits even otherwise cause damage and decreased productivity of forest resources. One alternative solution to this problem is to plant forests construction in forest areas that are not productive especially outside Java or other alternatives is the construction of the community forest in the island of Java also outside of Java island. The result of the community forest development activities in addition to the ecologically can support the environment, can also be produced folk wood currently has evolved into a commodity which has a pretty good economic value and perceived by the public that this effort can provide extra income. The community forest as an approach to development of forestry is also prolific on environmental sustainability and an increase in people's income, so that needs to be developed with the better, so as to provide a high timber production and improve the welfare of farmers, while paying attention to power support and function of forests. This research aims to understand further the characteristics and role of the community forest in the Pasir Madang region, particularly from aspect of the community forest’s role against the welfare of the family. This research studies economic condition community forest farmers through the calculation of the balance of the income and spending the community forest farmer families. Further this research examines the contribution of community forest against the peasant household family income and identifying the motivation of farmers in community forest management. Data collected through interview of selected respondens of community forest farmers by using purposive sampling method. Additional information collected through literature studies on secondary data sources from a variety of related government agencies. Respondents farmers who is interviewed in this study consisted of 30 people who come from the village of Pasir madang, Bogor regency, West Java. Based on these studies it is known that most of the people in the village of Pasir Madang managed using agroforestry systems. The community forest in the Pasir Madang village serves as the public savings which can be harvested when the farmer needed the money in relatively large amounts and in urgent circumstances. A pattern of harvesting as it is known in terms of as a “tebang butuh” system. The community forest farmer respondents on site research mature majority in the range of 41-50 years old. The level of education respondents mostly only to elementary schools. In general the community forest farmer has a sideline job in addition to working on their forest field. Farmers in this area have a household incomes larger than level its expenditures, so they are on surplus condition. From the expenditure, allocation largest farmers used to terms of food. The community forest have a very important contribution in the structure of household income of farmers. By using the Sajogyo’s poverty line, more than three quarters of respondents the community forest farmers are above the poverty line or are able to meet the minimum basic needs. The condition is quite encouraging motivation
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Judul: Analisis pendapatan rumah tangga petani hutan rakyat: studi kasus di Desa Padasari, Kecamatan Cimalaka, Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Forest could give valuable tangible and intangible benefits. But now, there are many unproductive and critical land as the result of land management without considering conservation aspect and the increase of population that pressure the forest. On the other hand, timber supply from natural forests is not enough to fulfill human demands. One of the alternative for solving those problem is community forest development. Objective of this study was to identify the technique of management that has been implemented in community forest and to analyse the influence of community forest to the income of forest farmer households. The selection of respondents was carried out using purposive sampling method, consisted of community forest farmers. Furthermore, selected samples were stratified based on the extent of land area, therefore it was found area of land ownership of strata I < 0,21 hectare, strata II 0,21 – 0,58 hectare and strata III > 0,58 hectare. Total respondents for strata I, strata II, and strata III were 8 respondents, 12 respondents, and 4 respondents respectively. Results of the study showed that total income of agriculture activities of strata I, strata II, and strata III were Rp 15.509.840/year, Rp 15.928.611/ year, and Rp 30.394.792/ year. For income from community forest of agroforestry system, for strata I, strata II, and strata III were Rp 9.588.194/year (61,82%), Rp 9.206.944/ year (57,80%), and Rp 17.966.667/ year (59,11%). Meanwhile from wood product only, the income was Rp 1.477.778/year (9,53%), Rp 2.266.667/ year (14,23%), and 2.216.667/ year (7,29%). Average total expenditure of strata I, strata II, and strata III each was Rp 15.456.000/ year, Rp 11.683.429/ year, and Rp 12.745.000/ year. Based on criteria of poverty level according to Sajogyo (expenditure > 320 kg value of rice or equal with Rp 2.880.000/year with assumption of rice price of Rp 8.900/kg), BPS (expenditure < Rp 2.191.632/capita/year), and The World Bank (income > $2/day equal with Rp 6.408.000/year with assumption of US dollar rate of Rp 8.900), community forest which has been well developed will be above this criteria of poverty. Therefore, management of community forest using agroforestry system could contribute to poverty alleviation.
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Judul: Electrophoretic Coating of Apatite Compouds on Stainless Steel 316L.
Abstrak: Stainless steel (SS) 316L is a metal which is used to bone plate. However, this metal still has low biocompatibility in a human body. The metal is coated by HAp in order to increase its biocompatibility. HAp on SS 316L is coated by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method. We used two variables in EPD process, such as voltage and coating time to obtain the best coating. The XRD difractogram showed that SS 316L has been coated by HAp. Physical observation used by microscope optics showed that the best coating is achieved on 120V during 2 minutes.
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