Judul: An economic study of the linkages between the development of national cloves and kretek cigarettes industries
Abstrak: love is a unique and strategic commodity for Indonesian economy. It is unique because Indonesia is both the largest producing and consuming as well as importing country of cloves in the worl d. Cloves farming and kretek cigarettes industry play a very important role in the Indonesian economy due their capability of absorbing a lot of labor works. In general, the problem of Indonesian cloves industry is due to a re latively low price of cloves especially during peak harvest season, which is redu cing incentive for farmers to increase their farming productivity. On the other ha nd, continuity of clove as raw material is very important for the survival of kr etek cigarettes factory, since most of cloves needed come from domestic production and only around 25 percent supplied by world production. The objectives of this study are to analyze: (1) the linkages between national cloves and kr etek cigarettes industries and factors affecting them, (2) the development of cloves farming and its economic efficiency, and (3) the possibility of cooperation between cloves industry and kretek cigarettes industry to improve the performance of both industries in the future.
Keyword: Linkages, Cloves industry, Kretek cigarettes industry, Sinergistic cooperation, Kebijakan percengkehan nasional, Policy analysis matrix, Game theory, Sulawesi Utara

Judul: Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Impor Cengkih Indonesia
Abstrak: Salah satu komoditas perkebunan yang berpotensi menjadi sumber devisa Indonesia adalah cengkih (Syzigium aromaticum L. Marr. and Perr.). Produksi cengkih nasional sering mengalami fluktuasi, sehingga dikenal panen raya, panen sedang, dan panen kecil. Industri rokok kretek merupakan konsumen utama cengkih karena menyerap 95% produksi cengkih nasional yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku utama dalam berproduksi. Indonesia merupakan negara pengekspor dan pengimpor cengkih. Cengkih dalam penelitian ini menggunakan cengkih dengan kode (HS) 0907(Whole fruit, cloves, and stems). Indonesia melakukan impor cengkih untuk memenuhi permintaan domestik. Kebijakan pemerintah yang tepat terkait impor cengkih sangat penting agar persediaan cengkih baik di pasar domestik maupun pasar dunia terpenuhi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menganalisis perkembangan produksi, konsumsi, harga, dan impor cengkih Indonesia, (2) menganalisis perkembangan kebijakan impor cengkih Indonesia dan implikasinya terhadap volume dan nilai impor cengkih, dan (3) menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi volume impor cengkih Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahwa variabel-variabel yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap volume impor cengkih Indonesia periode 1977-2019 adalah variabel harga cengkih impor, harga cengkih domestik, produksi cengkih domestik, dan variabel inflasi Indonesia. Perubahan kebijakan impor cengkih Indonesia juga sudah mengalami perubahan dari kebijakan pembatasan impor menjadi kebijakan yang mendukung impor cengkih Indonesia., One of the plantation commodities that has the potential to become a source of foreign exchange for Indonesia is cloves (Syzigium aromaticum L. Marr. and Perr.). National cloves production fluctuates, so that in cloves production it is known as the big harvest, medium harvest and small harvest. The clove cigarette industry is the main consumer of cloves because it absorbs 95% of the national clove production which is used as the main raw material in producing. This causes the volume of cloves to exported reduced. Apart from being a clove exporting country, Indonesia also imports cloves. Cloves used in this study are cloves with the (HS) code 0907 (Whole fruit, cloves, and stems). Indonesia imports cloves to meet domestic demand, especially from the kretek cigarette industry. Appropriate government policies related to cloves import are very important so that the supply of cloves in both the domestic and world markets is met. Therefore, this study aims to (1) analyze the development of Indonesian clove production, consumption, price, and imports, (2) analyze the development of Indonesia's clove commodity trade policy and its implications for the volume and value of clove imports, and (3) analyze the factors that affect the volume of clove imports in Indonesia. The results showed that the variables that have a significant effect on the volume of Indonesian clove imports for the period 1977-2019 are the imported clove price, the domestic clove price, the domestic clove production, and the Indonesian inflation variable. Changes in Indonesia's clove import policy have also undergone a change from the import restriction policy become a policy that supports the import of Indonesian cloves.
Keyword: Cloves import, Cloves import policy, Cochrane-Orcutt method, Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)

Judul: Parvovirus Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Penyakit ini menyerang anjing dari semua umur dan dari semua jenis anjing, ssrta bersifat sangat msnular dan sukar untuk diobati. Gejala yang menonjol dari penyakit ini adalah muntah dan diars, dimena muntahan msngandung busa dan diarsnya bsrdarah atau bercampur lendir. Dalam msndiagnosa penyakit ini harus hati-hati karena gejaIa-geja1anya tidak spesifik dan mirip dengan penyakit- psnyakit yang disebabkah oleh agen 1ainnya.
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