Judul: The Effect of Financial Ratios on Capital Gains in the Four Largest Banks on the IHSG During the COVID-19 Period
Abstrak: Pandemi COVID-19 telah memengaruhi kinerja perdagangan saham di Indonesia, salah satu sektor yang paling terdampak yaitu perbankan. Indikator keuangan memiliki peran penting untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai kondisi dan kesehatan pasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh rasio keuangan dan perbedaan pengaruh rasio keuangan terhadap Capital Gains perbankan empat terbesar di IHSG pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui website perusahaan dan Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu Earning Per Share memiliki pengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap Capital Gain, sedangkan Capital Adequacy Ratio berpengaruh positif signifikan dan Return On Equity berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap Capital Gain. Kemudian EPS, ROE, dan CAR pada perbankan memiliki perbedaan signifikan dan Capital Gain perbankan tidak memiliki perbedaan signifikan. Lebih lanjut, saat membandingkan antar bank, terdapat perbedaan signifikan dalam EPS, CAR, dan ROE antara BCA dan BNI, serta antara BNI dan BRI, The COVID-19 pandemic has had a notable impact on the stock trading performance in Indonesia, particularly in the banking sector. Financial indicators play a crucial role in providing insights into the market and companies' financial health. This research aims to examine the influence of financial ratios and the differential effects of these ratios on the capital gains of the four largest banks listed in the IHSG index during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data for this study were collected from the companies' websites and the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The findings of this study indicate that Earnings Per Share have a positive but statistically insignificant effect on Capital Gain. On the other hand, the Capital Adequacy Ratio exhibits a significant positive effect, whereas Return On Equity demonstrates a significant negative effect on Capital Gain. Moreover, significant differences exist in EPS, CAR, and ROE between BCA and BNI, as well as between BNI and BRI, highlighting dissimilarities in these indicators among the banks
Keyword: Banking, Capital Gain, Financial Ratio

Judul: Analysis of the Effect of Bank Rating (Bank Soundness Level) on Stock Prices (Case Study: Banks Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2021)
Abstrak: Bank performance evaluation is done by analyzing its financial statements. An Understanding the company's performance through financial statements and good financial performance can reflect a good stock returns. Stock returns can be obtained by the movement of stock prices so as to obtain capital gains or by the distribution of profits made by the company or dividends. The bank's financial report also describes the development and management of the bank in carrying out its operations to assess the health of the bank. The bank's health assessment aims to determine whether the bank is in a healthy, moderately healthy, unhealthy and unhealthy condition because its activities involve raising money from the public and the trust given by the community. The health or financial condition of a bank is in the interest of all related parties, whether it is the owner, manager (management) of the bank, and the public who use bank services. Likewise, the Covid-19 pandemic caused panic in the financial sector and had an impact on banking in Indonesia. Economic growth experienced a contraction, the current account balance and capital account experienced a deficit, the rupiah weakened against the US dollar. The crisis this time is different in that the Covid-19 pandemic has never happened before, so a synergy of financial sector stimulus is needed in the form of credit restructuring in the business world. The impact on the national economy is becoming uncertain. This research aims to analyze the development and soundness of banks from financial performance ratios in banking companies listed on the IDX in 2016-2021 using the RGEC approach; analyze the effect of the ratios used in RGEC on stock returns in banking companies listed on the IDX in 2016-2019 or before Covid19; analyzed the effect of the ratios used in RGEC on stock returns in banking companies listed on the IDX in 2020-2021 or during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research analyzes the performance of the banking sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2016 to 2021 using the RGEC method. The part of the method and the ratios used in assessing the health of the bank is to conduct an assessment of the risk profile (Risk Profile), Good Corporate Governance (GCG), and profitability (Earnings), capital (Capital). First, the assessment indicators used in assessing the Risk Profile aspect are NPL (Non Performing Loan) and LDR (Loan to Deposit Ratio). Second, the indicators used in the assessment of aspects of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) are Governance Structure, Governance Process, and Governance Outcomes. Third, the indicators used in the assessment of the Earnings aspect in this study are RoA (Return on Assets) and NIM (Net Interest Margin). Fourth, the indicator used in the assessment of the Capital aspect is CAR (Capital Adequacy Ratio). These four aspects were then carried out three analyzes, namely an analysis of the soundness of banks from financial ratios using the RGEC method, an analysis of the effect of RGEC ratios on stock returns before Covid-19 and an analysis of the effect of RGEC ratios on stock returns during the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on
Keyword: Banking Industry, Bank Rating (Bank Soundness Level), Banking Performance, Panel Data Analysis, Stock Returns

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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