Judul: Identifikasi campuran nada pada suara piano menggunakan codebook
Abstrak: It has been identified blend of tones, either as a single tone or a mix tones using the mel-frequency cepstrum coefficients (MFCC) as feature extraction and modeling of codebook for pattern recognition. The voices which used are the sound of piano and identified as 12 single-tones and 66 mix of tones recorded with 11 kHz on the duration of 1 second. The making of codebook is applied step by step, that is the codebook with the blend and the codebook of tones (single and mixed tones) which was developed using clustering techniques. The results of research showed that the optimum number of codewords is 20 with width of frames is 256 data, with an accuracy is 98.2%. However, there are some tones which are difficult to be identified, they are CC#, CD, CF, and A#B which has accuracy of each below 50%. For C# tone is more often recognized as C#D# tone, for the CC# tone is more often identified as C tone, for CD tone is more often recognized as C# tone, the CF tone is more often identified as C# tone and CF# tone, while for the A#B tone is more often identified with A# tone. Some errors happen in this recognition because those tones have similiar signal pattern so that they have the vector points which adjacent to each other.
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Judul: Penerapan Model Codebook untuk Transkripsi Suara ke Teks dengan Ekstraksi Ciri Mel-Frequency Cepstrum Coefficients (MFCC)
Abstrak: The advancement of information technology has triggered various demands in utilizing computer. One of them is to make computers able to communicate naturally with humans. This study uses MFCC as a feature extraction method and codebook as a pattern recognition method for voice-to-text transcription. The clustering technique used in this study is k-means. Data obtained from MFCC are clustered using the k-means method, and the model for classification is constructed using the codebook method. The utilized MFCC parameters are sampling frequency 11 000 Hz, time frame 23.27 ms, overlapping 39%. 300 voice data in WAV files with 5 seconds of duration each, are used as the training data and test data to determine the number of cepstral coefficients and the number of cluster that can produce the highest accurancy. The experiment is conducted by recognizing each syllable in 60 the test data with 240 training data. Simulation result shows that the maximum accurancy obtained is 98.3% at 26 cepstral coefficients and 12 clusters.
Keyword: voice transcription, MFCC, k-means, codebook

Judul: Pola Reproduksi Kangguru
Abstrak: Tujuan penulisan skripsi ini adalah untuk mengeta- hui pola reproduksi dari kangguru dengan tujuan mencapai tingkat pelestarian hewan tersebut yang populasinya Indonesia hanya sedikit. Hewan ini termasuk satwa yang dilindungi. Kangguru termasuk kelas Mamalia, sub-kelas Marsupi- alia/ Metatheria, ordo Diprotodonta, famili Macropodidae (Tyndale-Biscoe, 1973), sub-famili Macropodinae (Sharman G. B., 1967). Di Indonesia hanya terdapat 1 jenis kangguru yaitu kangguru pohon yang ada di Irian Jaya (Prijono S. N., 19 83). Dari ke 4 jenis kangguru pohon yang ada di Irian Jaya, kangguru pohon uban (Dendrolagus inustus) adalah yang paling besar (Carter W. V., 1978). Red Kangaroo, Macropus rufus/ Megaleia rufa dan Grey Kangaroo (Eastern Grey Kangaroo, Macropus giganteus maupun Western Grey Kangaroo, Macropus fuliginosus) ada- lah 2 jenis kangguru yang paling besar di dunia. Organ kelamin jantan kangguru, tidak mempunyai ampula maupun vesica seminalis sedangkan penisnya berben- tuk bifurcatio penis. Organ kelamin betinanya, tipe uterus didelphia. Canalis vagina lateral adalah jalan untuk masuknya cairan seminalis ke uterus sedangkan ca- nalis central pseudovagina (vagina medial) untuk jalan keluarnya fetus dalam proses kelahiran (Sharman G. B., 1967). Kangguru mencapai dewasa kelamin antara umur 15- 24 bulan, rata-rata umur 18 bulan (Fowler M. E., 1978). Kangguru betina akan memperlihatkan gejala berahi seti- ap 35 hari dengan kisaran 32-37 hari (Tyndale Biscoe, 1973), termasuk poliestrus. Masa kebuntingannya 33 ha- ri, masa embryonic diapausenya selama 204 hari (Austin C. R., Short R. V., 1972). Kangguru betina mempunyai kantong perut (marsu- pium), terletak di ventral tubuh dan membuka ke anteri- or yang digunakan sebagai tempat untuk perkembangan se- lanjutnya bagi anak yang baru dilahirkan. Lamanya anak kangguru hidup di dalam marsupium induk rata-rata 235 hari (Austin C. R., Short R. V., 1972) sedangkan menu- rut Walker E. P. (1975) selama 240 hari. Kangguru mempunyai keistimewaan dalam hal mengha- silkan susu dari glandula mammarynya. Untuk anak yang masih menyusu dari luar marsupium induk, mendapatkan su su dengan kandungan lemak yang tinggi dan protein rendah..dst
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