Judul: Antiyeast activities of cumin oil (Cuminum cyminum) toward osmophilic yeast strains isolated from high sugar food
Abstrak: The antiyeast activities of cumin oil toward osmophilic yeast strains isolated from high sugar food were studied. Sixty-eight osmophilic yeasts were isolated from sample i.e. strawberry jam (26 isolates), pineapple jam (25 isolates), and South Sumatera honey (17 isolates). No yeast was obtained from condensed milk, Sumbawa honey, sweet soy sauce, and palmsugar. These yeast isolates were identified based on sequence analysis of the ITS region as Candida metapsilosis, C. parapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, C. etchellsii and Sterigmatomyces halophilus. Phylogenetic analysis showed that most of the osmophilic yeasts (67 out of 68 isolates) were located in the phylum Ascomycota and only 1 isolate was located in the phylum Basidiomycota. Candida etchellsii was the predominant species in South Sumatera honey, while C. metapsilosis, C. parapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis were predominant species in jam. In both jam and honey samples C. metapsilosis and C. parapsilosis were found, whilst C. orthopsilosis was found only in pineapple jam. All five identified yeast species were used further to examine the antiyeast activities of cumin oil. Cumin oil was analyzed by GC-MS, and it was consisted of some compound i.e. cuminaldehide (35.44%), ρ-cymene (34.77%), β-pynene (15.08 %), γ-terpinene (8.15%), α-thujene, α-pinene, trans-limonene, cis-limonene, pentylcyclohexane, cyclohexane, and apiole. The examination of antiyeast activity based on disc agar diffusion method showed that all of the tested yeasts were sensitive to cumin oil.
Keyword: Cuminum cyminum

Judul: Aktivitas Antifungi Minyak Biji Pala (Myristica fragrans) Terenkapsulasi pada Pure Jambu Biji Merah (Psidium guajava)
Abstrak: The purpose of this research was to study the antifungal activity of encapsulated nutmeg seed oil towards spoilage mold and yeast from red guava puree by contact method in 37 oC for 5 days. Yeast and mold were isolated from 5-days-storage of red guava puree and were identified as Rhodotorula sp., Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus flavus. Those isolated yeast and mold and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were used as the tested fungi. The result showed that 1 % (w/v) of encapsulated nutmeg seed oil could reduce 8.67 log CFU/ml S. cerevisiae, 4.94 log CFU/ml Rhodotorula sp., 3.37 log CFU/ml A. niger, and 2.10 log CFU/ml A. flavus in PDB media. Encapsulated nutmeg seed oil with 2 % (w/v) concentration in red guava puree could reduce 6.27 log CFU/ml S. cerevisiae, 2.36 log CFU/ml Rhodotorula sp., 4.75 log CFU/ml A. niger, dan 7.04 log CFU/ml A. flavus
Keyword: red guava puree, encapsulated nutmeg seed oil, antifungal activity

Judul: Massa Graviton Berdasarkan Teori De Rham- Gabadadze-Tolley Dalam Model Alam Semesta Datar Friedmann-Lemaitre- Roberson-Walker
Abstrak: Teori Relativitas Umum memprediksi ekspansi alam semesta diperlambat, sedangkan hasil observasi supernova tipe Ia mendapati ekspansi alam semesta dipercepat. Teori Relativitas Umum dimodifikasi melalui pendekatan teori gravitasi bermassa nonlinier oleh de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley (dRGT). Massa graviton dimunculkan untuk dinamika skala sangat besar. Persamaan medan Einstein teori dRGT dapat dirumuskan dari prinsip variasi. Selanjutnya dengan memilih metrik datar Friedmann-Lemaitre-Roberson-Walker dapat diformulasikan bentuk persamaan Friedmann yang relevan dengan model ekspansi dipercepat. Hasil akhirnya, dengan membandingkan massa graviton dari metode Extremely Low Energy (ELE) dapat dihitung massa kritis graviton yaitu sekitar - . .
Keyword: massa graviton, teori dRGT, persamaan medan Einstein, persamaan Friedmann, ekspansi alam semesta dipercepat