Judul: Development model of fresh fish marketing system in the region of Central Maluku
Abstrak: Fishery products are perishable and its production centers scattered as well as far from the center of consumption. As seasonal is one of its characteristics while the consumption is relatively stable, it requires special treatment in marketing in order to maintain the quality. The study was carried out in May to October 2011 and located in some selected fresh fish markets in the Region of Central Maluku. The aims of this study were to: (1) analyze the fresh fish marketing, (2) analyze the integration degree of fresh fish markets, (3) develop some strategies and scenarios of fresh fish marketing, and (4) develop a model of fresh fish marketing system in the Region of Central Maluku. Data analysis methods for achieving the aims of this research were: Market Structure-Conduct-Performance analysis, Ravallion model and Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats analysis. The result indicated that market concentration (CR4) was 34.44% and HHI value 556.71, implying that the fresh fish market structure was loose oligopoly and competitive relatively. Five fresh fish marketing channels in this area were (1) Fishermen – Consumers, (2) Fishermen – Retailers – Consumers, (3) Fishermen – Wholesalers – Retailers – Consumers, (4) Fishermen – Wholesalers – Cold Storage – Retailers – Consumers and (5) Fishermen – Wholesalers – Cold Storage – Agents. The all marketing agencies in each channel conducted the functions of selling, risk, costing and market information. The retailers undertook the whole marketing function while others only some. The sellers‟ strategies to attract buyers were reducing the selling price, adding one or two fish to the buyer, disposing the heads and entrails of fish (specifically for Rastrelliger sp), composing the fish on top of the bamboo or pieces of styrofoam (for Selaroides sp and Decapterus sp) and giving cut off services (especially for Katsuwonus pelamis and Thunnus sp and so on). Fishermen received a larger part in a short marketing channel, so the marketing margin was small. Instead, a long marketing channel could lead to the small revenue of the fishermen. The price of fish was fluctuated over time, however the fish price integrated only between markets of Binaya (District of Central Maluku) and Piru (District of Western Seram). Strategies offered to develop fresh fish marketing system are developing a friendly ecosystem of capture fisheries, developing handling and marketing infrastructures, increasing processors‟ skills of handling and processing, enhancing the cooperation with financial institutions in providing capital and facilitating access of fishermen in order to get credit to expand their business, creating an institution that has mandate to stabilize fisheries products prices, integrating surveillance with local communities and prohibition of fish imports, and tightening the mechanism and function of supervision.
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Judul: Analisis value chain system dan strategi pemasaran rumput laut di Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara, Provinsi Maluku
Abstrak: Analysis of value chain system is a strategic analysis tool that is used to better understand the competitive advantage found in the activities of upstream to the downstream, from the nursery to the seaweed marketing process in Southeast Maluku district. The purpose of this researchs to study the system of seaweed products value chain in Southeast Maluku regency at present and analyze and determine the marketing strategy of seaweed products in Southeast Maluku regency to create efficient marketing processes. Primary data were obtained from direct observations and interviews with the operational activities of each value chain actors. Sampling was purposive sampling method, the number of respondents is 41 people. Data processing used to analysis of value chain system for the process from upstream to downstream, value added analysis to look at the technical factors that influence the production capacity, the amount of raw materials used and labor, while the factors that influence the market price of output, wage labor, and the input values are adjusted for margin trading system as well as a SWOT analysis to formulate marketing strategies seaweed production. Alternative marketing strategies are analyzed by using SWOT method with respect to any description of the expected value chain mapping that can improve the trading system that is more structured and commodity processing in each of the pilot areas is to maximize the impact of commodity. These results indicate that the main activity of which is the process of breeding, outbound logistics, marketing and sales as well as the stage, which is also supported by the infrastructure, human resources management, as well as technology development of seaweed. The analysis of value added of seaweed on fishermen Rp. 287.67, small traders Rp. 550 and large traders Rp. 850 SWOT analysis of the results obtained from the internal analysis of 2.474 weighted score and external analysis of the results of 2.634. The combination of internal and external factors shows the position of the object being studied is located in the space V of stability (keep and maintain) that offered a viable strategy for the stable position of the fishermen are able to do the activities and measures market penetration improving product development strategy to sustain and maintain the performance that has been achieved.
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Judul: Pembuatan Film Tipis Lithium Niobat (LiNbO3) Menggunakan Metode Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) dengan Variasi Kecepatan Putar (Rpm).
Abstrak: Film tipis merupakan salah satu aspek yang mendapat perhatian sangat besar dalam bidang material, karena film tipis merupakan material menarik yang memiliki sifat optik yang sangat tergantung pada konstanta dielektrik, indeks bias, dan energi gap. Lithium Niobat (LiNbO3 ) dapat digunakan sebagai pelapis pada film tipis karena memiliki sifat piezoelektrik, electrooptical, pyroelectrical dan photorefractive yang sangat baik. Film tipis Lithium Niobat (LiNbO3 ) ditumbuhkan menggunakan metode Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) dengan variasi kecepatan 3500 rpm, 5000 rpm, 6500 rpm, dan 8000 rpm. Metode ini memiliki keunggulan dapat mengontrol stokiometri film tipis dengan kualitas yang baik, prosedur yang mudah dan membutukan biaya yang relatif murah. Energi band gap yang dihasilkan dari film tipis Lithium Niobat (LiNbO3) berkisar antara rentang 2.1 eV – 2.8 eV dengan indeks bias berada pada rentang 2.18-3.2. Film tipis LiNbO3 memiliki parameter kisi a=b=5.54Ǻ dan c = 16.35 Ǻ. Struktur morfologi film tipis adalah permukaan yang homogen dan ukuran kristal berada pada rentang 0.417 μm – 0.680 μm.
Keyword: film tipis, sifat optik, litium niobat, chemical solution deposition, kecepatan putar