Judul: Desain alat transportasi ikan segar berpendingin untuk pedagang ikan keliling
Abstrak: Deterioration of fish quality after catching is still quite high at about 27 percent. It caused by mishandling of fish during transportation from the fish auction to consumers. The mishandling of fish caused by transportation equipment that used by traders use styrofoam box and plastic buckets. The equipment is not effective to implement cold chain system. The transportation equipment is difficult to apply on a motorcycle so upset the balance of driving. This study aims to maintain the quality of fresh fish and facilitate the transport of fish for fish traders by motorcycle. To achieve these objectives is done by designing the fish refrigerated container Design steps of fish refrigerated container in this study includes the identification of user needs, determination of design criteria, conceptual design, design analysis, drafting, manufacture process and performance test. Identification of user needs carried out by determining the physical characteristics of fish and motorcycles, determine the trading activities, transportation equipment capacity and the duration of the transport process. Specified design criteria of refrigerated container are : (1) fish refrigerated container can maintain the fish temperature below 10 °C, (2) fish refrigerated container using thermoelectric cooler, (3) fish refrigerated container can maintain the fish quality, (4) fish refrigerated container compatible with a motorcycle, (5) fish refrigerated container could assist the fish trading. Functional design of refrigerated container are to maintain the fish temperature below 10 °C, to place the equipment of trading activities and set the refrigerated container on a motorcycle. The container was designed using alumuninum plat of 0.5 mm thick with 33 mm thick of polyurethane insulation. A thermoelectric cooler equipped with a heatsink and heat pipes were used for maintaining a lower temperature in the container and the motorcycle accu were used for power supply. As for fish traders, a pair of container was set on a motorcycle using a suspending frame. Design analysis showed that cooling load of refrigerated container was 11.21 Watts/container. Its derived from transmission load through walls was 7.24 Watt and air infiltration when opening and closing cap of refrigerated container was 3.97 Watts. Stress analysis of suspending frame showed that the stress distribution on suspending frame maximum was 8 x 106 N/m2 and yield strength values was 5.5 x 107 N/m2, while the maximum displacement occurring was 0.072 mm. Several performance tests were conducted using load and without load. Performance tests using load were carried out in actual tradings. Performance tests without load was conducted to determine the temperature of the fish storage and determine the COP of refrigerated container. Performance tests were carried by trader to determine the fish temperature, fish quality after transport activity and determine acceptance traders. In this study, also conducted economic studies for fish transportation. The performance test results showed that the refrigerated container could maintain the fish temperature below 3 0C for 3.8 hours. The container temperature without load reaches 11.1 0C to 15.5 0C for 120 minutes and the COP volue of refrigerated container was 0.33. Organoleptic value of fish after transport activities ranged from 7.1 to 7.3 and TPC value ranged from
Keyword: container transportation, thermoelectric cooler, fresh fish, polyurethane, fish traders

Judul: Design of Environmentally Friendly Cold Storage
Abstrak: Sebagai negara maritim, Indonesia memiliki keanekaragaman sumber daya lautan yang sangat berlimpah. Hal ini membuat banyak dari masyarakat Indonesia yang memiliki profesi sebagai nelayan. Namun sama halnya dengan produk pertanian, produk hasil sumber daya laut seperti ikan merupakan produk yang mudah rusak dan perlu perhatian khusus dalam penanganannya agar tidak menurunkan harga jual produk tersebut. Hal ini kemudian memaksa nelayan untuk menerapkan sistem one day fishing untuk melaut dan mencari ikan karena keterbatasan fasilitas penyimpanan ikan yang baik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merancang cold storage dengan sistem refrigerasi kompresi uap ramah lingkungan dengan penggunaan refrigeran R32 serta sumber energi alternatif dari photovoltaic. Cold storage dirancang memiliki kapasitas 500 kg dan dirancang dapat dipasang pada kapal nelayan sehingga memberi kesempatan waktu lebih lama nelayan untuk melaut. Hasil pengujian kinerja cold storage tanpa beban produk dilakukan dengan melakukan variasi mass charge refrigeran, tekanan evaporasi, beban aktual, serta analisa emisi dengan LCCP dan diperoleh mesin memiliki performansi terbaik dengan mass charge 190 gram pada tekanan 1,3 bar gauge dengan suhu capaian -18℃. Secara berturut-turut cold storage memiliki nilai kapasitas pendinginan, konsumsi daya listrik, serta COP tertinggi sebesar 3,37 kW, 0,68 kW, dan 5,54. Emisi yang dengan penggunaan photovoltaic dihasilkan dari cold storage ini adalah 2148,8 kg CO2e per tahunnya., As maritime country, Indonesia has a very abundant diversity of marine resources. This makes many Indonesian people have professions as fishermen. However, just like agricultural products, marine products such as fish are products that are easily perishable and require special attention in handling to keep the quality as good as possible. This then forces fishermen to do one day fishing system to go to sea and do fishing due to limited proper storage facility. The aims of this research were to design an environmentally friendly cold storage using vapor compressed refrigeration cycle with R32 refrigerant and alternatif energi resource from photovoltaic. This cold storage designed to have a capacity of 500 kg and possible to be installed on fishing boats. Cold storage was tested without cooling load product with variation of mass charges, evaporation pressure, actual load, anda emission analysis using LCCP method and it was found that the cold storage had the best performance with mass charge of 190 gram at evaporation pressure at 1,3 bar gauge with reachable temperature of -18℃. Respectively, cold storage had the highest cooling capacity, energi consumption, and COP values of 3,37 kW, 0,68 kW, and 5,54. The emissions produced by the use of this cold storage using photovoltaic system is 2148,8 kg CO2e per year.
Keyword: Cold storage, One day fishing, Photovoltaic, Refrigerant R32, Vapor compression refrigeration cycle

Judul: Grup Abelian Berhingga dari Barisan Genomik DNA  (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
Abstrak: Informasi genetik yang memprogram semua aktivitas sel terdapat dalam bentuk kode di dalam molekul DNA. Grup kodon dari basa nukleotida DNA {A, C, G, U} tidak dapat merepresentasikan daerah non kode dalam genom yang disebabkan oleh mutasi penghapusan serta penyisipan pada barisan genomik DNA. Dalam karya ilmiah ini grup kodon diperluas dengan menambahkan huruf O untuk menandakan mutasi penghapusan atau penyisipan pada kodon untuk semua triplet diperluas 1 2 3 X X X dengan i X Î{O, A, C, G, U} dari barisan genomik DNA. Grup kodon yang diperluas isomorfik dengan grup bilangan bulat modulo 125. Grup abelian berhingga dari barisan genomik DNA yang dibentuk dari himpunan seluruh pasangan terurut triplet ekson dan intron pada untai DNA isomorfik dengan grup jumlah langsung bilangan bulat modulo 64 dan 125. Kemudian grup abelian berhingga tersebut direpresentasikan sebagai grup jumlah langsung 2-grup dan 5-grup homosiklik. Bagian barisan genomik DNA tanpa penyisipan membangun blok gen yang direpresentasikan oleh 2-grup homosiklik, sedangkan bagian barisan genomik DNA yang dipengaruhi oleh penyisipan direpresentasikan oleh 5-grup homosiklik.
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