Judul: Dampak Ekowisata Terhadap Kondisi Sosio-Ekonomi dan Sosio-Ekologi Masyarakat di Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun-Salak (Studi Citalahab Central dan Citalahab Kampung, Desa Malasari, Kecamatan Nanggung, Kabupaten Bogor)
Abstrak: Bangsa Indonesia tidak hanya dikarunia kekayaan alam yang melimpah, tetapi juga keindahan alam yang mempunyai daya tarik yang sangat mengagumkan. Keindahan alam pegunungan, pantai dan lautan serta bangunan-bangunan peninggalan nenek moyang, kesenian, dan adat istiadat yang luhur dapat dimanfaatkan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan rakyat Indonesia melalui kegiatan pariwisata. Pariwisata alam dikenal sebagai ekowisata yang berorientasi pada aspek kelestarian sumberdaya alam serta pendidikan lingkungan. Ekowisata adalah wisata berbasis alam yang melibatkan pendidikan, interpretasi dari lingkungan, dan dikelola secara berkelanjutan. Adanya ekowisata mempengaruhi kehidupan masyarakat disekitar kawasan. Dampak bagi masyarakat dapat berupa dampak positif dan negatif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini terangkum dalam dua pernyataan. Pertama, mengetahui dampak sosio-ekonomi yang diterima oleh masyarakat lokal sebagai akibat hadirnya ekowisata. Kedua, mengetahui dampak sosio-ekologi yang diterima oleh masyarakat lokal sebagai akibat hadirnya ekowisata. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Malasari, Kecamatan Nanggung, Kabupaten Bogor, Provinsi Jawa Barat pada bulan Maret 2011. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pengolahan data dan hasil penulisan skripsi pada bulan Mei-Juli 2011. Penentuan lokasi penelitian dilakukan secara sengaja (purposive) dikarenakan karakteristik yang sesuai dengan penelitian. Data primer didapatkan dari hasil kuesioner, wawancara, dan pengamatan. Sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari instansi-instansi terkait. Responden dipilih menggunakan teknik simple cluster random sampling. Seluruh kampung penelitian dibagi menjadi dua kluster yaitu kampung yang jauh dan kampung yang dekat jaraknya/aksesnya dengan ekowisata. Jumlah kampung sampel ditentukan secara purposif yaitu dua kampung. Jumlah total responden dalam penelitian ini adalah 60 individu. Data dari hasil penelitian dianalisisis menggunakan uji statistik Chi-Square dengan nilai alpha () 10 persen. Hasil olahan tersebut, kemudian dianalisis dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel frekuensi dan tabulasi silang.
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Judul: Pengaruh peubah sosial ekonomi terhadap perubahan penggunaan dan penutupan Lahan di Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Salak
Abstrak: Gunung Halimun Salak is one of national park in Indonesia, located in West Java and Banten Province. In 2003, government has expanded its area by more than 70000 hectares. It caused a lot of conflicts between local communities and national park officials. Many case studies showed that the local communities has used the natural resources for construction materials, fuel wood, medicine, food, cultural needs, forages, hunting, handicraft, gold mining, agriculture land, and settlement. There was clear evidence that in Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, during 15 years period (1989-2004), forest cover area decreased by more than 25%. The objectives of the research are: 1) to identify socio-economic variables causing landuse and landcover change; 2) to estimate influence of key socio-economic variables; 3) to estimate the need of agricultural land and settlement for local communities; and 4) to estimate the direct benefit value of the national park. Selection of sampling location was used by stratified cluster sampling. Socio-economic data collected from interviews with 900 head of households which lived in 30 villages in and around the national park. The technique of data processing analysis were done using spatial analysis, descriptive analysis, linear regression analysis, population pressure analysis, and substitution and market price analysis. The result of analysis showed that the population growth, population density, land ownership, agricultural land and settlement expansion are the key variables that influenced landuse and landcover change. The need of agricultural land was 0.54 hectares per person, and the direct benefit value of the national park was more than IDR 237 billion per year.
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Judul: Pemurnian dan karakterisasi protein inhibitor RNA helikase virus hepatitis C
Abstrak: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the second most common chronic viral infection in the world with global prevalence. This infection is contribution to chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, often leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. There is no effective drug and vaccine available against HCV. The current standard treatment, a combination of pegylated interferon-α with ribavirin, is limited by its suboptimal response rate in a significant patient population, side effects, and affordability. Therefore, development of effective drug is needed. One approach to find out the candidate of antiviral drug is to discover the inhibitor of enzyme that essential for virus replication, such as RNA helicase. Streptomyces chartreusis 5-095 produce the inhibitor of HCV RNA helicase. The aim of this study was to purify the protein inhibitor which has inhibition activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV from S. chartreusis 5-095. The supernatant of culture S. chartreusis 5-095 exhibited high inhibiton activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV (approximately 72%) at 10 days of incubation. The extracellular protein inhibitor was partially purified by procedures of precipitation with ammonium sulfate to 65% saturation and gel filtration (Sephadex G50) using methanol water solution (4:6) as an eluen. The purity of protein inhibitor was monitored by SDS PAGE. The protein inhibitor showed a relative molecular mass were estimated to be 14 kDa and increased the purity 23,08 fold than those of the crude protein. The specific activity and IC50 after purification were 13,1338 U/mg and 0,0767 mg/mL, respectively. The activity of purified protein inhibitor showed its stability over pH range from 5-8 and optimum at pH 7,4. The inhibition activity showed its stability up to 70% at temperature 100 oC. The purified protein inhibitor relatively stable its activity at storage in the range of -20 oC to room temperature for 35 days.
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