Judul: Development of Mung Bean Flour Mocaf Biscuits with the Addition of Fenugreek Seeds as an Alternative Snack for Breastfeeding Mothers
Abstrak: Pemberian ASI yang tidak eksklusif dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor, salah satunya adalah produksi ASI yang kurang. Biji fenugreek merupakan kelompok tanaman yang mengandung senyawa galactogogue serta masih terbatas pemanfaatannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan biskuit mocaf tepung kacang hijau dengan penambahan biji fenugreek sebagai alternatif kudapan bagi ibu menyusui. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga taraf formula, yaitu F0 (kontrol), F1 (0,5% biji fenugreek), dan F2 (1% biji fenugreek). Analisis yang dilakukan adalah uji organoleptik pendahuluan untuk penentuan formula kontrol dan uji organoleptik utama, analisis kandungan gizi, uji fisik, kapasitas antioksidan metode DPPH, analisis mineral zat besi, serta uji daya terima kepada target sasaran kelompok ibu menyusui. Berdasarkan hasil uji organoleptik dan analisis kandungan gizi, F1 ditetapkan sebagai formula terpilih. Biskuit formulasi terpilih mengandung kadar air 3,28%, kadar abu 2,45%, protein 5,85%, lemak 14,43%, karbohidrat 73,88%, kapasitas antioksidan 351,28 mg Vit C/100 g biskuit, serta zat besi sebesar 2,34 mg/100 gram biskuit. Satu takaran saji biskuit setara dengan 5 keping serta memberikan kontribusi energi sebesar 225 kkal. Biskuit formula terpilih (F1) dapat diterima oleh target sasaran kelompok ibu menyusui dengan persentase penerimaan sebesar 82,4% untuk penerimaan keseluruhan uji hedonik., Non-exclusive breastfeeding is influenced by many factors, one of which is insufficient breast milk production. Fenugreek seeds are a group of plants that contain galactogogue compounds and their use is still limited. This research aimed to develop mung bean flour mocaf biscuits with the addition of fenugreek seeds as an alternative snack for breastfeeding mothers. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design with three formula levels, namely F0 (control), F1 (0.5% fenugreek seeds), and F2 (1% fenugreek seeds). The analysis carried out were preliminary organoleptic test to determine the control formula and main organoleptic tests, nutritional content analysis, physical tests and antioxidant capacity used DPPH method, iron mineral analysis, as well as an acceptability test for the target group of breastfeeding mothers. Based on the results of organoleptic tests and nutritional content analysis, F1 was determined as the selected formula. The selected formula of biscuits contains 3.28% water, 2.45% ash, 5.85% protein, 14.43% fat, 73.88% carbohydrates, with antioxidant capacity of 351.28 mg Vit C/100 g biscuits, and iron was 2.34 mg/100 grams of biscuit. One serving of biscuits is equivalent to 5 pieces and contributes energy of 225 kcal. The selected formula biscuits (F1) were acceptable to the target group of breastfeeding mothers with an acceptance percentation of 82.4% for the overall acceptance of the hedonic test.
Keyword: antioxidant capacity, biscuits, breastfeeding mothers, fenugreek seeds, mocaf

Judul: Development of Galohgor Cookies with Corn Flour Substitution to Increase Breast Milk Production
Abstrak: ASI eksklusif merupakan sumber zat gizi terbaik untuk bayi, namun tidak semua ibu dapat memproduksi ASI dalam jumlah yang memadai. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan produk cookies galohgor substitusi tepung jagung untuk meningkatkan produksi ASI. Rancangan acak lengkap digunakan dengan tiga taraf perlakuan substitusi tepung jagung pada cookies galohgor, yaitu F0 (0%), F1 (25%), dan F2 (50%). Hasil uji organoleptik menunjukkan bahwa penerimaan panelis terhadap cookies galohgor substitusi tepung jagung tidak berbeda nyata dengan cookies kontrol. Formula F2 memiliki kadar air, abu, lemak, dan β-karoten paling tinggi. Formula F2 dijadikan formula terpilih, dengan kandungan air 4,42%, abu 2,02%, lemak 26,92%, protein 6,98%, karbohidrat 59,66%, dan β-karoten 910,57 μg/ 100 g atau setara dengan 75,88 RAE. Satu takaran saji cookies F2 (45 g) menyumbang 9% energi, 4% protein, 18–19% lemak, 7% karbohidrat, dan 7% RAE dari β-karoten bagi kebutuhan gizi harian ibu pada 6 bulan pertama menyusui., Exclusive breast milk is the best source of nutrition for infants. However, not all mothers can produce sufficient amounts of breast milk. This study aimed to develop Galohgor cookies with corn flour substitution to increase breast milk production. Complete randomized design was applied with three substitution levels of corn flour in Galohgor cookies; F0 (0%), F1 (25%), and F2 (50%). Panelists' acceptance of Galohgor cookies with corn flour substitution was not significantly different from the control cookies. The F2 cookies had the highest content of water, ash, fat and β-carotene. The selected formula (F2) contained 4.42% of water, 2.02% of ash, 26.92% of fat, 6.98% of protein, 59.66% of carbohydrates, and 910.57 μg/100 g of β-carotene or equal to 75.88 RAE. One serving size of F2 cookies (45 g) contributed to 9% energy, 4% protein, 18–19% fat, 7% carbohydrates, and 7% RAE from β-carotene of mother's RDA in the first 6 months of breastfeeding.
Keyword: betacarotene, cookies, corn flour, galohgor, nursing mothers

Judul: Peluang Partikel Plasma Berada Pada Dimensi Debye Akibat Gangguan Gelombang Elektromagnetik dengan Menggunakan Persamaan Schrödinger
Abstrak: The solution of Schrodinger equations with plasma Coulomb potential in spherical coordinat results solution wave function and energy plasma particle. Electron probability density at Debye length with thermal effect same as ion, which indicates plasma in neutral state. Electromagnetic waves perturbation of an electric field given to result wave function perturbation system. The probability density of plasma particle due to electromagnetic waves perturbation is the largest when an electromagnetic waves frequency 1.41 times the plasma frequency .
Keyword: Schrödinger, plasma, electromagnetic wave