Judul: Optimalisasi Pemanfaatan Lahan Hutan Kemasyarakatan Desa Ngarip Kecamatan Ulu Belu Kabupaten Tanggamus
Abstrak: Poverty has been considered as one of factors which caused forest degradation in rural area. About 63% of poor communities live in rural area and most of them are farmer. This study aims to identify cropping patterns, formulate optimal cropping pattern based on social, economic, and ecological aspects, and then identify development prospect of community forestry based on farmer’s perspective. This research was conducted in Desa Ngarip, Lampung province for 2 months. Data were analyzed by linear programming and descriptive method. The result showed that agroforestry system in this area were grouped into 16 cropping patterns. Based on economic and ecological consideration, all optimal cropping patterns achieved ecological criteria but not all profitable. The patterns consisted of commercial plants: 150 plants per hectare for high strata, 1.600 plants per hectare for middle strata and 2.400 plants per hectare for lower strata. With such an approach, it was revealed that the best result was found at cropping pattern 15.The profit was Rp 36.300.000 which was highest profit of all optimal cropping pattern types and could support a life worth living. Furthermore, through descriptive analysis, community forestry had good prospect to be develoved based on farmer’s perspective.
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Judul: Nutritional Garrying Gapacity of Social Forestry In Lampung Barat District
Abstrak: The Government of Lampung Barat District issued Social Forestry Program to address forest degradation problem that caused by illegal logging. Therefore, nutritional carrying capacity of Social Forestry was important to be analyzed to understand the advantage of Social Forestry for farmer. The objectives of this research were to 1) analyze the characteristics of farmer household, 2) analyze the commodity diversity of Social Forestry, 3) analyze nutritional carrying capacity of Social Forestry, 4) analyze household food access based on income and food expenditure, and 5) analyze factors related to nutritional carrying capacity and food access of farmer household. The research was conducted by using cross sectional study design. The sample was 90 Social Forestry's farmer households chosen by using purposive sampling method. The result of the research shows that almost all samples are small family which has elementary school-education-Ievel and are Sundanese and Javanese. The average size of land organizing of Social Forestry each household is 1.3 ha with range 0.25-4 ha. The commodity diversity organized by the farmer household (52.2%) is included in low category with:;; 12 commodities. The average nutritional carrying capacity of Social Forestry is 2.754 Gal/cap/day, while the highest is in others (coffee and spices) which is 1.875 Gal/cap/day (68.1%) and the lowest is in legumes which is 2 Gal/cap/day (0.1%). More than half (67.8%) of the sample has reach nutritional carrying capacity"' 90% of ideal nutritional requirement. Social Forestry is the main source of income for fanner household with share of income is 63.9% of total household income. More than half (71,1%) of the sample has sufficient food access level (share of food expenditure is < 55% of income). The factors related to nutritional carrying capacity are: number of household member, housewife education, land size, income per capita, and commodity diversity, while the factors related to food access level are number of household member, land size, income per capita, and food caring capacity
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Judul: Durability of Specific Immunoglobulin (Ig) Y Againts Influenza and Covid-19 in Sunscreen
Abstrak: The benefit of specific immunoglobulin Y (Ig Y) as an active ingredient in personal care products such as sunscreen has not been properly studied. Our study aims to evaluate the reliability of specific IgY against influenza and the COVID-19 virus in a sample sunscreen product. Specific IgY influenza and COVID-19 viruses were inserted in the sample sunscreen at two concentrations of 0.1% and 0.25%. Three treatments were observed: control (C) sunscreen without IgY, treatment 1 (T1) sunscreen with 0.1% IgY, and treatment 2 (T2) sunscreen with 0.25% IgY. Organoleptic observations were carried out to monitor changes in aroma, color, and texture, and sunscreen sampling was done every week for 6 weeks. The durability of IgY was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a neutralization assay. Organoleptic observation from weeks 1 to 6 showed consistency in its aroma, color, and texture. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization assay (NA) results of the T1 and T2 groups showed negative results except for sample T1 at week 5, which showed a positive result in the Influenza A ELISA. Based on the results, it seems that IgY concentrations of 0.1% or 0.25% were not optimal. However, this negative result might be due to low concentration of the IgY and the presence of beeswax, which inhibits IgY and causes it to dissolve in distilled water, thus preventing it from being detected in the assay.
Keyword: Immunoglobulin Y, Sunscreen, Influenza, COVID-19, Biological Activity