Judul: Identifikasi Komponen Antibakteri pada Ekstrak Buah Takokak (Solanum torvum Swartz) dengan Kromatografi Lapis Tipis
Abstrak: Turkey berry (Solanum torvum Swartz) is one of medicinal plants and indigenous vegetables which grows abundantly in Indonesia. It has been known to have antibacterial activity againts some pathogen bacterias, including Bacillus cereus. The aim of this study is to determine turkey berry’s metabolites that have antibacterial activity by TLC method. The dried turkey berry was extracted by eight different combinations of methanol and water. These extracts were then divided into two parts: for antibacterial activity analysis and for TLC analysis. Extract with good antibacterial activity and showed more spots in TLC was further identified by two-dimentional TLC. The Rf score of this extract was also compared with reference compounds. F1 extract which was extracted by methanol:water (1:0) showed the highest diameter of inhibition. It also had more TLC spots than other extracts. F1 extract was then chosen to be identified by two-dimentional TLC. It showed 14 sub-spots which have maximum absorption at 200-400 nm. Some sub-spots of F1 extract also showed similar Rf score with reference compounds. Based on its TLC profile, F1 extract may contain saponin, gallic acid, quercetin, myricetin, kaempferol, and apigenin. However, since TLC has limited resolution, it is possible that F1 contains other flavonoids and phenolic acids that may also responsible for its antibacterial activity.
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Judul: Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Buah Takokak (Solanum torvum Swartz.)
Abstrak: Turkey berry fruit (Solanum torvum Swartz.) is one of indigenous fruit vegetables that widely used in traditional medicine. Because, it has some functional properties such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral. The functional properties come from the activity of some phytochemicals compound that Turkey berry fruit contents, such as phenolics and non phenolics. This research was designed to identify the chemical content of Turkey berry fruit, change content, and antioxidant activity of crushed form. The research method consisted of treatment phase of fresh Turkey berry fruit through the destruction process and extraction phase of Turkey berry fruit powder with organic solvents (methanol, etil acetat, and hexane). The results showed that methanol extract of both whole and crushed Turkey berry fruit, contains alkaloids, flavons, tannins, and saponins. The etil acetat and hexan extracts of both whole and crushed form, contains alkaloids, flavons, terpenoids, and saponins. Thus, the presence of phenolic compounds in Turkey berry fruit can be affected by Phenylalanin Ammonia Lyase (PAL) activity, but not always influenced by the total anthocyanin. In addition, the antioxidant activity (DPPH assay) between whole and crushed Turkey berry fruit extracts is not significantly different (p>0.05) by t-test. It was demonstrated that the destruction process has a little affecting to the presence of phenolic compounds that act as antioxidants, such as anthocyanin. However, the antioxidant activity of extracts is not always determined from total phenolic, but depending on the ability of -OH group to donate H atoms and to bind with free radicals rapidly. The antioxidant activity of Turkey berry fruit extract was slightly be affected by ascorbic acid (vitamin C) compound.
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Judul: Analisis Struktur Atas Gedung Diploma IPB terhadap Beban Gempa Berdasarkan SNI 03-1726-2002 dan SNI 03-1726-2012
Abstrak: Gedung Diploma IPB masih menggunakan SNI 03-1726-2002 dalam perencanaan strukturnya. SNI tersebut kemudian diubah seiring dengan keluarnya peraturan baru yang termuat dalam SNI 03-1726-2012. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui ketahanan struktur atas gedung Diploma IPB terhadap beban gempa ditinjau berdasarkan waktu getar alami dan partisipasi massa, mengetahui besarnya gaya geser dasar seismik, dan membandingkan besarnya simpangan berdasarkan kedua SNI. Partisipasi massa arah X yang dihasilkan yaitu sebesar 0.9417 pada modal ke 9 dan 0.9006 pada modal ke 12 pada arah Y. Kedua nilai tersebut telah memenuhi kedua standar SNI. Waktu getar alami telah memenuhi standar SNI 2002, namun belum memenuhi standar SNI 2012. Gaya geser dasar dinamik yang dihasilkan berdasarkan SNI 2012 sebesar 1599.6606 kN akibat gempa arah X dan 1223.5794 kN akibat gempa arah Y, sedangkan berdasarkan SNI 2002 untuk arah X sebesar 1544.5109 kN dan untuk arah Y sebesar 1544.8304 kN. Simpangan antar lantai telah memenuhi persyaratan kedua standar SNI. Struktur Gedung Diploma IPB telah memiliki kekakuan yang cukup dan terhitung boros, sehingga seharusnya dapat direncanakan dengan lebih hemat biaya.
Keyword: beban gempa, gaya geser dasar, simpangan, struktur atas