Judul: Pattern of Development Area of Beef Cattle at Aceh Besar District in Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam Province
Abstrak: Aceh Besar district have not been able to provide a source of livestock breeds and going to meet the needs of beef cattle fattening business people, so that the dependence of the provision of livestock breeds and going from outside the area is very high. One of the potential of livestock sub-sector, especially beef cattle farms suitable for development in Aceh Besar district is breeding beef cattle. This study aims to identify the potential and pattern of development of the area of beef cattle in the district of Aceh Besar Aceh. The research was carried out on beef cattle breeding areas in Aceh Besar district, which was held in May to July 2011 through the collection data by the survey method of 280 Bali cattle and 72 farmers. The data in the form of farmer characteristics, technical and management areas of livestock farming systems were analyzed descriptively. Participation, knowledge and motivation of farmers using the Mann-Whitney test. Bali cattle body weight was measured through estimation by the method of regression analysis. The pattern of development area of beef cattle in the Aceh Besar district formulated using SWOT analysis. Based on the analysis of increasing population could reach 285.9, 225.3, 54.3, and 2 Animal Unit (AU) for each village at Saree Aceh, Sukamulia, Data Gaseu, and Bareuh. The interviews show that in general maintenance of the system using semi-intensive systems and the need for livestock feed entirely dependent on the forage consumed by livestock itself. Data characteristics of farmers on the location of the study showed that most (> 85% of respondents) breeder age ranged from 15-55 years, while over 55 years less than 15%. Farmer education levels varied, with dominated by primary (57-76%). Principal jobs as farmers and ranchers are the cultivation of cattle as a sideline business. Experience the majority of farmers still less than 5 years. Score value of knowledge, motivation and participation of cattle ranchers in Aceh Besar district showed that the breeder has a score value which is still low (<25.0) on the program area of beef cattle for breeding. The increase in population is still minus the percentage of births is still quite low and the percentage of mortality is still high enough. Bali cattle body weight for nearly every age category and gender is still low, mainly due to the management of livestock farming so productivity Bali cattle is not optimal. Development programe of the area of beef cattle in the future need to consider the quality of human resources and socio-economic conditions of farmers in developing goals. Development of the area of beef cattle in Aceh Besar district for planning and program implementation can be done by UPTD Ruminant Livestock Husbandry Department of the Aceh Besar district includes the active role of livestock farmers in a participatory manner with the priority scale.
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Judul: New Initiative to Build a Breeding Business of Bali Cattle Based on Community in Field Station of Sekolah Peternakan Rakyat (SL-SPR)
Abstrak: The government has launched a meat self-sufficiency program to meet meat needs since 2005. The main target was to increase the population of cattle in smallholder farmers. The problem is that there are no records and data on smallholder farmers so that it is difficult to increase the population of cattle. The purpose of this study was to (1) produce baseline data on the productive and reproductive performance of Bali cattle and their supporting factors which are used as the basis for starting recording at SL-SPR Maju Bersama (2) to analyze the carrying capacity with feed production and the carrying capacity index of forage land (3) to analyze the projection of Bali cattle population in the next 10 years so that it can be used as basic data to start a breeding business. The research was conducted at SL-SPR Maju Bersama, Sungai Lilin District, Musi Banyuasin Regency in October-December 2019. The material used in this study was the all population of bali cattle, totaling 330 head of the dam belonging to 219 farmers in SL-SPR Maju Bersama, Sungai Lilin District. This study was used survey methods and direct observation of the research object. The parameters analyzed were the potential of bali cattle, reproductive performance, the potential of feed resources and carrying capacity as well as the projection of the bali cattle population for the next 10 years based on 3 simulations, constant, improvement through the SPR program, and intervention of SPR with the government. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis by presenting the test results in tabular form as well as the non-parametric Kruskal Wallis test to analyze the influence of factors that affect the reproductive performance of the dam. The projection of bali cattle population was calculated by the Microsoft Excel program. The results showed that the population of bali cattle in SL-SPR Maju Bersama was 1 277 heads. The dam as much as 72.7% came from non-groups, while the others were born and came from in the SPR group; 87.9% owned by themselves, while the others were profit sharing; 70% maintained intensively while the others maintained by semi-intensively and extensively; 58% mated by AI, while the others by natural; 24.5% were in the age range of 3-4 years and 43.0% had a BCS value of 3. The reproductive performance was obtained, age first calving 1 098 ± 12 days; calving interval 455.4 ± 8.33 days; days open 169.4 ± 8.33 and service per conception 5.37 ± 0.42. The origin and age of the dam had a significant effect on calving interval, days open and service per conception (P <0.05). Ownership status had a significant effect (P <0.05) on the age first calving. The total production of feed obtained from forages and agricultural crop residues as much as 15 646.92 tonnes of DM per year with a capacity of 6 259 AU and a capacity to increase the population of ruminants by 5 063 AU. The projection of the bali cattle population for the next 10 years with constant projections, projections with the SPR program and projections of SPR intervention with
Keyword: Bali cattle, Sekolah Peternakan Rakyat, reproductive performance

Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4