Judul: Optimalisasi konsumsi pangan bagi rumahtangga miskin berdasarkan kecukupan gizi, kebiasaan pangan dan pendapatan
Abstrak: This research is aimed at finding the solution for poor households by recommanding the food that is best consumed by individuals based on the nutritional adequacy, food habit and income. Based on the optimum solution, the minimum cost of minimum adequacy. This research was carried out in April - June 2009 in Babakan Village, Dramaga Subdistrict, Bogor Regency. Samples for the research were poor households that were chosen purposively and gradually based on BKKBN data.
Keyword: Nutritional Adequacy, Food Consumption, Poor Household, Goal Programming, Statistical Analysis System (SAS)

Judul: Optimization of Food Consumption Among Low Income Households in DKI Jakarta
Abstrak: Rumah tangga miskin sebagai kelompok rentan gizi kurang dan rawan pangan perlu diupayakan untuk dapat memenuhi kecukupan gizi. Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi kualitas dan kuantitas konsumsi pangan dan mengembangkan model komposisi pangan yang dapat memenuhi kebutuhan gizi dengan biaya yang terjangkau bagi rumah tangga berpendapatan 20% terendah (kuintil 1). Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder Susenas 2021. Desain penelitian ini adalah studi deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pangsa pengeluaran pangan rumah tangga menurun seiring dengan peningkatan kelas pendapatan. Tingkat kecukupan energi, protein, dan skor Pola Pangan Harapan (PPH) meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan kelas pendapatan. Rumah tangga kuintil 1 mengalami kerawanan pangan, defisit energi sedang, dan pola konsumsi kurang beragam. Model optimasi konsumsi pangan menggunakan pemrograman linier dan menghasilkan 4 model. Masing-masing model dapat mencukupi kebutuhan energi dan protein 90-110% AKG serta meningkatkan skor PPH antara 80-97 dengan biaya di bawah pengeluaran aktual yaitu Rp10.649,00-Rp15.756,00. Dengan pemilihan bahan pangan yang tepat dan menggunakan alokasi pengeluaran maksimal sama dengan pengeluaran pangan rumah tangga kuintil 1, kecukupan energi dan protein masih dapat dicapai serta skor PPH masih dapat ditingkatkan., Poor households as nutritional and food insecure groups need to be pursued to be able to meet nutritional adequacy. This study aims to evaluate the quality and quantity of food consumption and develop a recommendation model for food composition that can meet nutritional needs and affordable for households with the lowest 20% income class (quintile 1). This study used secondary data Susenas 2021. The design of this study is a descriptive study. The results showed that the share of household food expenditure decreased along with the increase in income class. The level of energy sufficiency, protein, and the Desirable Dietary Pattern (DDP) score increased along with the increase in income class. Households in quintile 1 had food insecurity, moderate energy deficit, and less diverse consumption patterns. The food consumption optimization model used linear programming and generated 4 models. Each model could fulfill the energy and protein needs of 90-110% RDA and increase the DDP score 80-97 with costs of Rp10.649,00-Rp15.756,00, which was below the actual expenditure. By selecting the right food and using the expenditure allocation maximum equal to quintile 1 household food expenditure, energy and protein adequacy can still be fulfilled and the DDP score can still be increased.
Keyword: affordable food recommendation, food consumption, linear programming, low-income household, share of expenditure

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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