Judul: Analisis pendapatan dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi susu di Desa Pandesari Kecamatan Pujon Kabupaten Malang Jawa Timur
Abstrak: National dairy cattle business has low productivity and fluctuative production. It happened on 2005 until 2011. Dairy cattle business is dominated more than 90 percent inefficient small-scale of people farms with traditional maintenance. The condition shows that farmers also facing the limitations of production, management, and maintenance technology factors. In the process of goods or services production, income will be affected by the cost of resources and business management. Pujon Sub-district as dairy production center in East Java is expected can improve the welfare of farmers through their incomes from dairy cattle business. The purposes of this study are (1) to analyze the agribusiness management on dairy farm, (2) to analyze the factors that influence the milk production of dairy farmers (3) to analyze the income of dairy farm business. The used primary data was obtained by direct observation and questioner based interview, while the secondary data was obtained from government authorities and relevant institutions, literature, and related researches. The data was collected from September 2012 until January 2013 and was analyzed using descriptive analysis to examine the agribusiness management, income analysis using R/C ratio, and production function analysis using Cobb Douglas. The analysis result showed that the management of dairy farm has not been going well. It could be seen from the improperly of sanitation of the cage, untreated cows, late in milk handling that caused the low of milk fat content (< 2.70 percent), the unscheduled feeding, and the lack of SAE (Sinau Andandani Ekonomi) Cooperative role in supporting dairy farm business. Meanwhile, estimated model with Cobb Douglas production function showed the value of the coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.865. It showed that 86.50 percent of milk production could be explained simultaneously by input of feed concentrates, forages, labors, and gamblong feed (cassava dregs). The elasticity of each production factors was the coefficient degree of Cobb Douglas function. The elasticity of concentrates was 0.30, forages elasticity was 0.10, labor elasticity was 0.05, and gamblong elasticity was 0.46. The value of returns to scale could be calculated by summing the rank of the coefficient of each independent variable which was 0.91. It showed that milk production was in the condition of constant return to scale, which fit with the assumptions of Cobb Douglas. The average milk production was 12.26 liters per day with the average lactation time was 232.78 days per lactation period. The income consisted of milk selling, calves, heifer, cow manure, and used sacks. Selling price of milk during the year 2012 was stable at Rp 3 150 per liters, that the total income of farmers (with averagely business of 2.86 lactated cows) was at p 31 021 407.92, while the dairy cattle revenues was Rp 9 028 781.45. Cash R/C value was 1.54 which could be interpreted that every Rp 100 of cash cost used for business activities would give Rp 154 as income. The R/C value of total cost was 1.41, which could be interpreted that every Rp 100 of total cost used for business activities would give Rp 141 as income. From the terms of
Keyword: dairy farmers, R/C, Cobb Douglas production function

Judul: Production efficiency analysis of dairy farm in pondok ranggon cipayung sub-district east jakarta
Abstrak: Permintaan susu sapi perah di Indonesia meningkat setiap tahunnya, namun produksinya belum memenuhi kebutuhan nasional. Peternakan sapi perah Pondok Ranggon merupakan tempat penyedia susu sapi untuk warga DKI Jakarta. Peternakan sapi perah Pondok Ranggon memiliki peranan penting dalam peningkatan produksi susu di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk: (1) menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi susu sapi perah, (2) menganalisis efisiensi produksi susu sapi perah, (3) menganalisis pendapatan usaha peternakan sapi perah di Pondok Ranggon. Faktor produksi susu sapi perah dianalisis menggunakan fungsi produksi Cobb-Douglas dan parameter diestimasi dengan metode Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), analisis efisiensi produksi dilakukan dengan menggunakan Nilai Produk Marginal (NPM) sama dengan harga faktor produksi, dan pendapatan usaha peternakan dilakukan dengan analisis pendapatan. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi susu sapi perah adalah pakan hijauan, ampas tahu, dan tenaga kerja. Nilai efisiensi masing-masing faktor produksi tidak sama dengan satu, berarti bahwa penggunanaan faktor produksi belum efisien. Nilai R/C ratio yang lebih besar dari satu, sehingga analisis pendapatan menunjukkan bahwa usaha peternakan sapi perah menguntungkan., The demand for milk of dairy cattle in Indonesia increasing every year, but the production has not fulfill the national needs. Pondok Ranggon dairy farm is a supplier milk to DKI Jakarta people. Pondok Ranggon dairy farm has an important role in improvement milk production in Indonesia. The purposes of the study were to: (1) analyze the affecting factors for the production milk of dairy cattle, (2) analyze the production efficiency of milk of dairy cattle, (3) analyze the income of Pondok Ranggon dairy farm. The production factor of milk of dairy cattle was using the production function of Cobb-Douglas analysis and estimated parameter was using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method, analysis production efficiency was using Value of Marginal Product (VMP) equal to production factor prices, and income of dairy farm analyze using income analysis. The affecting factors of production milk of dairy cattle is grass, tofu waste, and labors. The value of efficiency of each production factor is not equal to one, means that the use of production function have not been efficient. The value of R/C ratio is greater than one, so that the income analysis shows for dairy farm is profitable.
Keyword: analisis pendapatan, efisiensi produksi, Pondok Ranggon, susu sapi, usaha peternakan

Judul: Membran Komposit Kitosan-Nanopartikel Magnetik Fe3O4-Hidroksiapatit untuk Rekayasa Jaringan Tulang.
Abstrak: Composite membrane implants from biodegradable and biocompatible polymers such as chitosan, added with Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticleshydroxyapatite (MHAP) is an alternative that is appropriate for bone tissue engineering. The MHAP was first synthesized using coprecipitation method with 3 different composition, with the ratio of Fe3O4 : hydroxyapatite is 3:7, 4:6, and 5:5 by mass. The composite membrane chitosan-MHAP (MK K-MHAP) was then synthesized by mixing a chitosan solution and the best MHAP composition (10, 20, 30, and 40% w/w of the mass of chitosan). Characterization using X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of Fe3O4 and hydroxyapatite phase on the MHAP. The magnetic saturation value and size of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles increase with the increasing Fe3O4 composition in MHAP and MK K-MHAP which characterized based on its magnetic hysteresis and particle size distribution curve, respectively. The morphology of the best composition of MHAP composite was analysed using transmission electron microscope. Molecular interactions in MK K-MHAP was characterized based on infrared spectra. Immersion test of MK K-MHAP showed optimum state at 30% mass MHAP composition in chitosan matrix with calcium concentration released about 1000 ppm within 144 hours.
Keyword: biomedical, chitosan, composite membrane, hydroxyapatite, magnetite