Judul: Heritabilitas dan Respon Seleksi Famili Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus Blkr.) di Balai Besar Pengembangan Budidaya Air Tawar (BBPBAT) Sukabumi
Abstrak: The degradation of genetic quality of tilapia it might be related to the high inbreeding coefficient in the population. In order to reduce the rate of this degradation, selective breeding program should be done. The selection progress is mainly depending on the population variation of the trait studied and their heritability values. One of the main selection techniques that can be applied for the tilapia is within family selection. This selection method has been applied at the Main Center for Freshwater Aquaculture Development (MCFAD), Sukabumi, West Java, and already produced two generation of tilapia from combination of 10 strains. The aims of this study are to estimate the heritability values of some highly economic traits and to estimate the selection progresses. The selective individuals or strains then will be used for the commercial stocks. The results shows that the average estimated heritability values of body weight of male and female were 0,314 and 0,285, respectively. The estimated heritability values of body length were 0,362 and 0,318, respectively. In general, the estimated heritability values of head length, body height and body width was greater than 0,4.The percentage of heterosis of body weight was 21,76%. Meanwhile the heterosis of body length, head length, body height and body width were 3,58, 3,56, 4,45, and 1,62%.The selection progress for body weight per generation was 26,20 – 27,56%. On the order hand, the selection progress for body length was 6,94 – 7,73%, for head length 3,55 – 4,91%, for body height was 4,61 – 7,00%, and for body width was 5,70 – 5,84%.
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Judul: Genotype and Fenotype Variability of The Fifth Generation of Tilapia Oreochromis nilotcus Stock Produced by Selective Breeding Program.
Abstrak: Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) merupakan spesies ikan air tawar yang potensial secara ekonomi karena rasa dagingnya yang lezat, bernilai gizi tinggi dan disukai masyarakat. Ikan nila memiliki daya adaptasi tinggi terhadap lingkungan budidaya, laju pertumbuhan cepat, efisien dalam pemanfaatan pakan dan relatif tahan penyakit. Namun, dalam pembudidayaannya belum dilakukan pengelolaan induk yang baku sehingga produksinya menurun. Berdasarkan data tahun 2003 menunjukkan adanya peningkatan mortalitas sebesar 30%, penurunan bobot rata-rata panen sebesar 24%, penurunan sintasan sebesar 41%, dan peningkatan FCR hingga 57%. Keterbatasan jumlah induk sebagai sumber genetik dan proses penangkaran yang tidak terpola berdampak pada peningkatan inbreeding sehingga menghambat aliran genetik (genetic drift), penurunan heterozigositas dan ragam alel, maupun kemungkinan pembentukan populasi baru dengan ragam genetik yang rendah (founder effect). Selain itu, sifat ikan nila yang cepat matang gonada dan sangat mudah kawin (overbreed) diduga sebagai penyebab utama penyusutan ragam genetik karena tekanan inbreeding yang berdampak pada rendahnya daya adaptasi dan performa anakan. Salah satu upaya memperbaiki kualitas induk dan benih pada pembudidayaan ikan nila dapat dilakukan melalui program penangkaran selektif yaitu menerapkan pola seleksi breeding dan persilangan yang diarahkan untuk menghasilkan keturunan yang memiliki mutu genetik dan fenotipe unggul. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi program penangkaran selektif ikan nila generasi kelima yang dilakukan oleh Pusat Pengembangan Induk Ikan Nila Nasional (PPIINN) di BBPBAT Sukabumi. Berdasarkan pemetaan genotipe menggunakan marka mikrosatelit DNA untuk 3 loci (UNH 123*, UNH 172*,UNH 216*) dan pengamatan fenotipe pada sifat terukur yang bernilai ekonomi yaitu bobot tubuh dan panjang tubuh standard. Program seleksi dan persilangan dimulai dengan crossbreeding pada generasi kesatu dan kedua, dilanjutkan dengan inbreeding pada generasi ketiga dan keempat, serta persilangan resiprok pada generasi kelima. Sumber genetik yang digunakan sebagai populasi dasar (base population) pada persilangan generasi pertama adalah Nila Taiwan dan Nila G6 (TG6), Nila Citralada (CL), Nila Putih (NP), GIFT G6 (G6), Nila GET (GET), Nila GIFT G3 Wanayasa (WN), dan Nila GIFT G3 keturunan ketiga (F3). Persilangan resiprok pada generasi kelima menggunakan sumber genetik dari 3 famili yang dipilih dari generasi keempat (IV.05, IV.19, IV.40) dan menghasilkan 9 famili baru yaitu 3 populasi inbreed (V.0505, V.1919, V.4040) dan 6 populasi hibrid resiprok (V.0519, V.0540, V.1940, V.1905, V.4005, V.4019)., Fifth generations of tilapia from the several strains have been produced by using selective breeding program in Main Center for Freshwater Aquaculture Development (MCFAD) Sukabumi, West Java. This research aimed to evaluate the family selection programme of some highly economic traits and to describe the genetic variability of the fifth generation using DNA microsatellite marker. The 180 individuals have been collected from fifth generation of nine reciprocal mated between three families selected from fourth generation of Tilapia (05, 19, 40) and were analised for genotype and fenotype variability. Three microsatellite loci such as UNH 123*, UNH 172*, UNH 216* were used as genetic markers for measuring genotype variability and family relationships. The results showed that the largest amount of genetic variability between population was V.4005, otherwise V.0540 was the lowest. In this case, the genetic distance relationship of inbreed V.0505 was higher (0,3875) than inbreed V.4040 which showed more resemble to others and indicated the
Keyword: Tilapia, Mikrosatelit, Phenotype, Genotype, Seleksi, Heritability

Judul: Pelabelan Super Vertex Magic
Abstrak: Super vertex magic labeling is labeling on graph with is a set of edges mapped into and is a set of vertices mapped into . It has a vertex magic labeling in which and represents the size and order of the graph respectively. This manuscript proves that paths, cyclics, and disjoint union of cyclics have a super vertex magic labeling. There are four theorems to be discussed. The first theorem proves that path is super vertex magic if and only if is odd and . The second theorem proves that cyclic is super vertex magic if and only if is odd. The third theorem proves that bijection function from an edge set onto of graph can be extended to a super vertex magic labeling if and only if the set amount of edge label that incidents with a vertex in the graph, consists of sequential integers as many as vertices in the graph. The fourth theorem proves that disjoint union of the cyclics consists of cyclics with each cyclic has vertices is super vertex magic if and only if and are odd.
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