Judul: Stress Analysis of Brahman Cross (BX) Based on Leukogram and Superoxide Dismutase Examination
Abstrak: Daging sapi merupakan komoditas pangan yang masih menjadi perhatian Pemerintah Indonesia. Waktu istirahat merupakan salah satu syarat penanganan sebelum penyembelihan untuk memperoleh daging yang berkualitas. Terdapat dua metode penanganan yaitu penyembelihan dengan waktu istirahat singkat (<12 jam) dan lama (>24 jam). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbandingan leukogram dan kadar aktivitas superoksida dismutase (SOD). Sampel yang digunakan adalah 5 sampel darah dan hati dari sapi Brahman Cross (BX). Sampel darah dihitung diferensial dan jumlah total leukosit. Sampel hati diukur kadar aktivitas SOD menggunakan spektrofotometer dan dianalisis menggunakan SPSS. Hasil pengukuran leukogram dengan waktu istirahat singkat dan lama berturut-turut adalah 10,96±0,301; 44,6±1,94; 6,6±0,89; 29,8±3,49; 12,2±2,38; 7,8±0,83; 0,93±0,61 dan 10,46±0,207; 38,8±1,09; 8,4±1,67; 33,2±4,38; 11,8±2,28; 8,0±1,48; 0,85±0,11. Hasil pengukuran leukogram menunjukkan perbedaan pada jumlah leukosit, limfosit, dan monosit. Akan tetapi, tidak ada perbedaan pada jumlah neurofil, eosinofil, basofil, dan rasio N/L. Hasil pengukuran kadar aktivitas SOD dengan waktu istirahat singkat dan lama berturut-turut adalah 124,00±5,47 dan 116,00±11,40 menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan., Beef is a food commodity that is still a concern of the Indonesian Government. The rest period is one of the requirements for handling before slaughter to obtain quality beef. There are two methods of handling, namely slaughter with short (<12 hours) and long (>24 hours) rest periods. This study aims to determine the leukogram comparison and levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity. The samples used were 5 blood and liver samples from Brahman Cross (BX) cattle. Blood samples were counted as leukocyte differential and leukocyte total count. Liver samples were measured for SOD activity levels using a spectrophotometer and analyzed using SPSS. The results of leukogram measurements with short rest periods were 10,96±0,301; 44,6±1,94; 6,6±0,89; 29,8±3,49; 12,2±2,38; 7,8±0,83; 0,93±0,61 and long rest periods were 10,46±0,207; 38,8±1,09; 8,4±1,67; 33,2±4,38; 11,8±2,28, 8,0±1,48; 0,85±0,11. Leukogram measurement results showed differences in the number of leukocytes, lymphocytes, and monocytes. However, there was no difference in the number of neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and the N/L ratio. The results of measuring SOD activity levels with short and long rest periods were 124,00±5,47 and 116,00±11,40 respectively, indicating no significant difference.
Keyword: leukogram, resting time, stress, superoxide dismutase

Judul: The Influence of Slaughter Methods on Stress Level and Meat Hemoglobin Level Based on Colorimetric Analysis
Abstrak: Daging sapi merupakan komoditas ketahanan pangan domestik yang permintaannya meningkat setiap tahun dan diperhatikan kualitasnya melalui uji kesempurnaan pengeluaran darah. Terdapat dua metode penanganan penyembelihan, yaitu stunning dan non stunning. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan kadar hemoglobin daging dan diferensial leukosit dari sapi yang disembelih stunning dan non-stunning. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 9 daging sapi dan 9 darah sapi dari sapi yang berbeda-beda. Daging sapi diekstraksi dan diuji Malachite Green untuk menentukan kesempurnaan pengeluaran darah. Ekstrak daging kemudian diukur kadar hemoglobinnya menggunakan spektrofotometer, scanner, dan kamera ponsel. Hasil citra/gambar yang didapat dari scanner dan kamera ponsel kemudian diolah menggunakan ImageJ. Sampel darah yang diambil kemudian dihitung leukosit dan rasio neutrofil-limfositnya. Hasil dianalisis menggunakan SPSS. Hasil pengukuran hemoglobin menggunakan spektrofotometer BOECO, spektrofotometer Vernier, scanner, dan kamera ponsel dari sampel stunning berturut-turut adalah 7,0±2,5; 5,7±1,8; 10,2±3,0; 3,1±2,0 dan dari sampel non stunning berturut-turut adalah 3,5±1,5; 2,7±0,5; 10,5±2,2; 2,9±0,5. Perbandingan kadar hemoglobin antara kedua sampel tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan. Jumlah leukosit menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata dan lebih tinggi dari kadar normal. Scanner dan kamera ponsel memiliki potensi baik sebagai alternatif pengganti spektrofotometer untuk kolorimetri., Beef is domestic food security commodity whose demand is increasing every year and its quality is considered through a bleeding perfection test. Two methods of handling slaughter are stunning and non stunning. This study aims to determine the comparison of the hemoglobin content of meat and the differential of leukocytes from stunning and non-stunning slaughtered cows. The samples used were 9 beef and 9 beef blood from different cows. The beef is extracted and tested with Malachite Green to determine the perfection of blood drainage. The meat extract was measured for its hemoglobin level using spectrophotometer, scanner, and cell phone camera. The results of the image from scanner and phone cameraii are then processed using ImageJ. The blood samples were counted for leukocytes and neutrophil-limphocyte ratio. The results were analyzed on SPSS. The results of hemoglobin measurements using the BOECO spectrophotometer, Vernier spectrophotometer, scanner, and phone camera from stunning samples were 7,0±2,5; 5,7±1,8; 10,2±3,0; 3,1±2,0 and from non-stunning samples, 3,5±1,5; 2,7±0,5; 10,5±2,2; 2,9±0,5 that showed no significant difference. Leukocyte total showed a signifficant difference and also higher than normal. Scanner and cell phone cameras have good potential as an alternative to spectrophotometers for colorimetry.
Keyword: beef, colorimetry, leukocyte, non stunning, neutrophile-limphocyte ratio, stunning

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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