Judul: Model adsorpsi isotermi keripik goreng dan keripik kering pisang nangka (Musa paradisiaca L.)
Abstrak: Pisang (Musa paradiciaca L.) merupakan salah satu jenis buah-buahan yang terdapat hampir di seluruh Indonesia dan merupakan buah yang paling banyak diproduksi dan dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat. Dari data Statistik Indonesia antara tahun 1989 - 1992 diketahui produksi rata-rata pisang mencapai 2.487.881 ton. Untuk mengatasi produksi pisang yang melimpah dan meningkatkan nilai ekonomisnya, pisang sering diolah menjadi produk lain seperti keripik pisang, tepung pisang dan sebagainya. Pembuatan kripik antara lain bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk yang relatif awet sehingga dapat memperpanjang masa simpannya. Agar diperoleh keripik dengan mutu yang baik selama penyimpanan, kondisi penyimpanan harus disesuaikan dengan sifat sorpsi isotermi bahan. Untuk mengetahui sifat sorpsi isotermi bahan maka perlu dipelajari kadar air keseimbangan. ...
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Judul: Penetuan koefisien difusivitas efektif keripik pisang nangka (Musa paradiciaca forma typica)
Abstrak: Keripik pisang nangka merupakan salah satu produk olahan dari buah pisang yang mengandung mempunyai nilai ekonomis yang cukup tinggi. Penanganannya yang maksimal dapat menjadikan keripik pisang menjadi komoditi ekspor dan digemari masyarakat. Difusi didefinisikan sebagai suatu proses dimana bahan bergerak dari satu bagian sistem ke bagian lain berdasarkan pergerakan molekular secara acak. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan koefisien difusivitas efektif keripik pisang nangka yang digoreng dan dikeringkan. Penelitian dilakukan di Bangsal Percontohan dan Pengolahan Hasil Pertanian, Pusat Antar Universitas, dan Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Pangan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan larutan garam jenuh untuk menjaga kemantapan kelengasan nisbi yang diinginkan yaitu 57.2%, 69.0% dan 75.2% dan pada suhu lingkungan 20°C dan 30°C. ...
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Judul: Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping for Trait in Categorical Scale
Abstrak: Genes or regions on chromosome underlying a quantitative trait are called Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL). Characterizing genes controlling quantitative trait on their position in chromosome and their effect on trait is through a process called QTL mapping. In estimating the QTL position and its effect, QTL mapping basically utilize the association between QTL and DNA markers. However, many important traits are obtained in categorical scale, such as resistance from certain disease. From a theoretical point of view, QTL mapping method assuming continuous trait could not be applied to categorical trait. This research was focusing on the assessment of the performance of Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Regression (REG) approach employed in QTL mapping as well as the performance of Lander and Botstein (LB) and Piepho method in determining critical value in testing the existence of QTL for binary and ordinal trait by means of simulation study. The simulation study to evaluate the performance of ML and REG approach was conducted by taking into account several factors that may affecting the performance of both approaches. The factors are: (1) marker density; (2) QTL effect; (3) sample size; (4) shape of phenotypic distribution; (5) number of categories; and (6) number of QTL. Moreover, the simulation study for evaluating LB and Piepho method in determining critical value was conducted by generating distribution of the test statistic under null hypothesis. From simulation study, it was obtained that LB and Piepho method showing similar performance in determining critical value in testing the existence of QTL for binary and ordinal trait. The simulation study also indicating that both methods could be used in determining critical value in QTL mapping analysis for binary trait as well as for ordinal trait if the REG approach is used but not if ML approach is used due to their poor performance. In assessing the performance of ML and REG approach in QTL mapping analysis for binary trait, the two approaches showing comparable performance; whereas for ordinal trait REG approach showing poor performance compared with ML approach in estimating thresholds. As a result, in QTL mapping analysis, ML and REG approach could be used when dealing with binary trait, whereas ML approach is suggested when dealing with ordinal trait.
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