Judul: Economic behavior of farm household under imperfect market competition in several Indonesian provinces
Abstrak: The farm household and their problems are of considerable interest for policy maker or researcher. One of the most interesting issues of the farm household is the existence of the complex interactions between consumption and production decision. Econometric difficulties to model and solve such behavior, however, most previous research of farm of farm household behavior have relied on the recursive or separable model. The recursive model assumes perfectly competitive market for input and output. The simultaneous production and consumption decision of the farm household then can be solved by separable model.
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Judul: Farm household food security analysis in several provinces
Abstrak: Concern on the decline in human resource quality promotes food security as strategic policy in national development. Within the frame work of food security, farm household should have direct access to food. However, the question is whether access to food guarantees the household to be free from food insecurity? The aim of this study was to: (1) analyze food security status of farm household, (2) analyze factors affecting household food security, (3) analyze influence of several economic factors on household food security performance, and (4) formulate policy alternative to improve farm household food security. The result of analysis showed that food security status of farm household was much lower than it was expected. Half of the households experience food insecurity and malnutrition in term of underweight, stunting and wasting. Partially, farm household food security was affected by food expenditure, number of household member, year dummy, energy adequacy and clean water as indicated by dry season dummy. However, in term of system, farm household food security was affected by unresponsiveness of farm land as the driving force to shift production and create income, which finally increase access to food. Increase in rice price proportional to increase in input price partially compensates negative effect of increase in input price on farm household food security performance. The effect of increase in input and output prices, and other economic factors were varied by expenditure and time. Food security performance can be improved if farm land, job diversification and job opportunity are increased or if number of household members is decreased. Therefore, it is necessary to implement irrigation investment and maintenance policy, land redistribution, job opportunity creation, infrastructure development, income generation and population control policy.
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Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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