Judul: Preferensi Politik Anggota Kelembagaan di Desa Sumberejo, Lumajang, Jawa Timur
Abstrak: Institutions (particularly in rural communities) has big influences (both structural and constructive) to the political preferences of the current county chief elections. The amount of institutional influence, both structural and constructive associated with the behavioral type of the voters (sociological, psychological, and economic) will eventually bring political preferences of citizens in the selection of the chief. The objectives of this research is to analyze the influences of the formal and informal institutions performances of members. The analysis is based on regression as quantitative and descriptive qualitative. The result of this research is showed that both institutions has influences to preferences of members. Thus in the formal influences is proven by structural influences such as sociological type. But there is not necesserily influences by informal on political preferences of the citizens. This invention could be one of reference for government to evaluate instituitions which exploit thier influences to consolidate their politics need.
Keyword: County Chief Election., political preferences, institutions

Judul: Efektivitas Kelembagaan Desa dalam Praktik Demokrasi di Desa Kelangdepok, Pemalang, Jawa Tengah
Abstrak: Institutional effectiveness in the practice of country chief elections is influenced by four factors, namely institutional factors, member institutions factors, support facilities factors, and social-community factors. On institutional effectiveness, in terms of which factors are more influential on the level of effectiveness. Then, at each stage and the overall practice of country chief elections, it will see which is the most dominant factor. You will see the members of which are more effective among members of formal and informal members. The method used is the method of quantitative and qualitative data supported. The results showed that member institutions factors have major influence on the level of effectiveness. In the preparation phase, the factors that have a major influence factor is the support facilities factors. Meanwhile, at the implementation stage, the fourth factor is not the most significant influence. For the whole practice, support facilities factors is the most influential factor as the same as in the preparation stage. The performance of members who more effective in the overall is the formal members. Referring to the results, informal members are expected to be more involved again, and formal members further enhanced performance.
Keyword: institutional, village, democracy

Judul: Pemurnian dan karakterisasi protein inhibitor RNA helikase virus hepatitis C
Abstrak: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the second most common chronic viral infection in the world with global prevalence. This infection is contribution to chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, often leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. There is no effective drug and vaccine available against HCV. The current standard treatment, a combination of pegylated interferon-α with ribavirin, is limited by its suboptimal response rate in a significant patient population, side effects, and affordability. Therefore, development of effective drug is needed. One approach to find out the candidate of antiviral drug is to discover the inhibitor of enzyme that essential for virus replication, such as RNA helicase. Streptomyces chartreusis 5-095 produce the inhibitor of HCV RNA helicase. The aim of this study was to purify the protein inhibitor which has inhibition activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV from S. chartreusis 5-095. The supernatant of culture S. chartreusis 5-095 exhibited high inhibiton activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV (approximately 72%) at 10 days of incubation. The extracellular protein inhibitor was partially purified by procedures of precipitation with ammonium sulfate to 65% saturation and gel filtration (Sephadex G50) using methanol water solution (4:6) as an eluen. The purity of protein inhibitor was monitored by SDS PAGE. The protein inhibitor showed a relative molecular mass were estimated to be 14 kDa and increased the purity 23,08 fold than those of the crude protein. The specific activity and IC50 after purification were 13,1338 U/mg and 0,0767 mg/mL, respectively. The activity of purified protein inhibitor showed its stability over pH range from 5-8 and optimum at pH 7,4. The inhibition activity showed its stability up to 70% at temperature 100 oC. The purified protein inhibitor relatively stable its activity at storage in the range of -20 oC to room temperature for 35 days.
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