Judul: Growth Rate and Production of Longevity Spinach Plants From Different Parts of Stem Cuttings
Abstrak: Tumbuhan sambung nyawa potensial sebagai hijauan pakan ternak dilihat dari kandungan senyawa nya. Diperlukan optimasi perbanyakan tumbuhan berbasis stek. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengevaluasi tingkat pertumbuhan dan produksi tumbuhan sambung nyawa dari bagian stek batang yang berbeda. Penelitian didesain menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 3 perlakuan (stek bawah, stek tengah, dan stek atas). Masing-masing diulang sebanyak 50 kali. Data di analisis menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA), jika terdapat beda nyata (p<0,05) dilakukan uji lanjut Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perlakuan bagian stek atas dapat meningkatkan jumlah tunas dan waktu awal tumbuh tunas. Perlakuan bagian stek yang berbeda tidak berpengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah daun layu, produksi tanaman. Tumbuhan sambung nyawa dapat dibudidayakan dari setiap bagian stek dengan kondisi lingkungan yang terkendali., Longvity spinach has potency as animal forage because of its compound content. Optimization of plant propagation based on cuttings is needed. The study aim was to evaluate plant the growth rate and production from different parts of stem cuttings. The study was designed using a completely randomized design (CRD) which consisted of 3 treatments (bottom cuttings, middle cuttings and top cuttings). With repeated 50. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), if there was a significant difference (p<0.05) Duncan's further test was carried out. The results showed that the treatment of the top cuttings could increase the shoots numbers and the initial time of shoot growth. Different cuttings stem did not affect on plant height, number of leaves, number of wilted leaves, and plant production. In concluded that longevity spinach plants could be cultivated from each part of the cuttings in controlled condition
Keyword: longevity spinach plants, growth, production, stem cuttings

Judul: Evaluation of Nutrient Composition and Protein Fraction of TMR Silage on CGF Substitution with Longevity Spinach Leaf
Abstrak: Daun sambung nyawa (Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr.) memiliki potensi sebagai bahan pakan alternatif karena mengandung protein kasar yang tinggi dan berbagai senyawa aktif yang bermanfaat. Total mixed ration dalam silase digunakan untuk menjadikan pakan lebih praktis dalam pemberiannya dan pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrien. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kualitas silase TMR yang menggunakan daun sambung nyawa terhadap komposisi nutrien, dan fraksi serat. Penelitian ini menggunakan 20 sampel silase TMR yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan dengan formulasi iso-protein dan iso-energi. P0 = kontrol (sambung nyawa 0%), P1 = sambung nyawa 10%, P2 = sambung nyawa 15%, P3 = sambung nyawa 20%. Peubah yang diukur meliputi bahan kering (BK), protein kasar (PK), lemak kasar (LK), serat kasar (SK), bahan ekstrak tanpa nitrogen (BETN), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), hemiselulosa, neutral detergent insoluble crude protein (NDICP), acid detergent insoluble crude protein (ADICP) dan nilai fleigh. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji ragam dan yang berbeda nyata diuji lanjut menggunakan uji Duncan. Penggunaan daun sambung nyawa pada silase TMR berbeda nyata terhadap BK, PK, BETN, dan nilai fleigh. Silase TMR yang menggunakan daun sambung nyawa memiliki kualitas nutrien yang sangat baik berdasarkan nilai fleigh dan bahan ekstrak tanpa nitrogen. Penambahan daun sambung nyawa tidak merubah komposisi fraksi serat dan protein pada dinding sel silase TMR.
Keyword: Gynura procumbens, silase, total mixed ration

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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