Judul: Pemodelan Tingkat Pengangguran di lima Negara Anggota ASEAN dengan Regresi Data Panel dan Generalized Estimating Equation
Abstrak: Perilaku ekonomi pada negara-negara ASEAN seperti hubungan tingkat pengangguran dengan gross domestic product tidak cukup jika hanya diamati pada satu waktu tertentu saja. Pengamatan berulang berdasarkan waktu (deret waktu) pada berbagai negara akan menghasilkan data panel. Analisis yang dilakukan adalah regresi data panel. Selain model regresi data panel, Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) juga digunakan untuk pemodelan data panel dalam skripsi ini. Pembandingan atau pemilihan model terbaik antara model pengaruh tetap dengan model pengaruh acak pada model regresi data panel dan GEE dilihat dari perbedaan nilai R2 dan Mean Square Error (MSE). Hasil analisis menghasilkan R2 pada model pengaruh tetap 98.64%, model pengaruh acak 90.99%, dan GEE 98.72%. Nilai MSE model pengaruh tetap 0.157, model pengaruh acak 0.778, dan GEE 0.147. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa model dengan metode pendugaan GEE merupakan model terbaik dalam penerapan pada kasus tingkat pengangguran di lima negara anggota ASEAN dengan tahun amatan dari tahun 2007 hingga 2010 karena memiliki R2 terbesar dan MSE terkecil
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Judul: Analisis Faktor Ekonomi yang Mempengaruhi Laju Inflasi Negara Anggota ASEAN dengan Regresi Data Panel
Abstrak: Panel data regression model is the regression model using panel data which is a combination of cross section data and time series data. To estimate the panel data regression model, there are 3 approaches, those are pooled least square, fixed effect model, and random effect model. Parameters on pooled least square approach be estimated by Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. On fixed effect model approach, parameters be estimated by OLS with the addition of dummy variable. Parameters on random effect model be estimated by Generalized Least Square (GLS). This research aims to estimate the panel data regression model to the data rate of inflation percentage of ASEAN member countries in 2000-2008 to know the economic factors that affect the inflation rate. The results of panel data analysis shows that the appropriate panel data regression model for these data is the fixed effect model with weighting (cross section weights) and white heteroscedasticity. This model indicates that the Consumer Price Index and money growth significantly affected the inflation rate of the ASEAN member countries.
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Judul: Sintesis Flavonol melalui 2’-Hidroksikalkon
Abstrak: Flavonol is a class of flavonoids commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Flavonol is very useful, especially in food sector and health. In this study, flavonol unsubstituted was successfully synthesized from an intermediate material 2’-hydroxychalcone. The 2’-hydroxychalcone was synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation method between o-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde using 4 different catalysts, namely KOH 60%, solid pellet of KOH-grinding technique, BF3-Et2O, and NaH in DMF. The KOH 60% was the best catalyst, giving the highest yield (57%). Afterward, the flavonol was synthesized in 1-stage oxidation cyclization of o-hydroxyacetophenone using Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction, giving 76%. The flavonol total yield from 2’-hydroxychalcone was 43%. All synthesized products were characterized by their melting points and their spectra. The success of the synthesis flavonol opens the way to synthesis of useful flavonol derivatives such as quercetin and kaempferol.
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