Judul: Pengaruh Umpan terhadap Hasil Tangkapan Ikan Bilih (Mystacoleucus padangensis) pada Jaring Insang di Danau Singkarak
Abstrak: Bilih fish (Mystacoleucus padangensis) is one of the endemic fish that resides in the waters of Lake Singkarak. The research on the use of coconut dregs bait is due to the decreasing catch of fishermen when catching Mystacoleucus padangensis so that an experimental fishing method is carried out using gill nets. The bait is used to catch fish so that the fish approach the gill nets, and increase the catch in fishing. The objective of the research is to determine the effect of using coconut dregs bait on gillnet in catching Mystacoleucus padangensis in Singkarak Lakes. Data collection was carried out by a fishing experiment. The data analysis used in this research was descriptive and statistical. The results showed that gillnet was operated during the study was 16 replication all the catch (100%) was Mystacoleucus padangensis with a total weight of 4553 g and 1065 individuals. The use of coconut dregs baits treatment significantly affects the weight and number of Mystacoleucus padangensis. Gillnets with coconut dregs bait caught 2712 g with the number of catches of 625 individuals, while gill nets control without baits caught 1841 g with the number of catches of 440 individuals. Keywords: bait, bilih fish, coconut dregs, gillnet, Lake Singkarak.
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Judul: Studi Makanan dan Pertumbuhan Ikan Bilih (Mystacoleucus padangensis) di Danau Singkarak, Sumatera Barat
Abstrak: Ikan bilih merupakan ikan endemik dan bernilai ekonomis penting yang terdapat di Danau Singkarak sehingga memberikan kontribusi berarti di dalam produksi ikan di perairan umum Danau Singkarak, Sumatera Barat. Ikan bilih di Danau Singkarak dikhawatirkan punah, berkaitan dengan laju eksploitasi yang tinggi yang dapat menimbulkan gangguan terhadap proses rekruitmen. Disamping itu, perubahan kondisi lingkungan perairan sungai yang mengalir ke danau dan kondisi lingkungan perairan danau sendiri dapat juga mempengaruhi kondisi dan keberlanjutan sumberdaya ikan bilih. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Danau Singkarak, Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendeskripsikan mengenai makanan alami ikan bilih dengan melihat komposisi makanan, pemilihan, relung makanan, pola pertumbuhan dan faktor kondisi, sehingga dapat menghasilkan input untuk pengelolaan yang dapat dilakukan agar sumberdaya ikan bilih tetap lestari serta sebagai salah satu kegitan monitoring dalam pengelolaan ikan bilih di Danau Singkarak. Untuk keperluan penelitian ini ditetapkan 3 (tiga) stasiun pengambilan contoh ikan yaitu: stasiun I di daerah Muara Pingai terletak di bagian barat daya Danau Singkarak; stasiun II di daerah muara Sungai Paninggahan juga perairan yang berada di sebelah barat daya Danau Singkarak (di barat laut Stasiun I); dan stasiun III di daerah muara Sungai Sumpur, yaitu daerah yang mewakili ikan bilih yang hidup di bagian utara Danau Singkarak.
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Judul: Sintesis Flavonol melalui 2’-Hidroksikalkon
Abstrak: Flavonol is a class of flavonoids commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Flavonol is very useful, especially in food sector and health. In this study, flavonol unsubstituted was successfully synthesized from an intermediate material 2’-hydroxychalcone. The 2’-hydroxychalcone was synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation method between o-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde using 4 different catalysts, namely KOH 60%, solid pellet of KOH-grinding technique, BF3-Et2O, and NaH in DMF. The KOH 60% was the best catalyst, giving the highest yield (57%). Afterward, the flavonol was synthesized in 1-stage oxidation cyclization of o-hydroxyacetophenone using Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction, giving 76%. The flavonol total yield from 2’-hydroxychalcone was 43%. All synthesized products were characterized by their melting points and their spectra. The success of the synthesis flavonol opens the way to synthesis of useful flavonol derivatives such as quercetin and kaempferol.
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