Judul: Efek medan magnet terhadap kontraksi usus halus kelinci secara in vitro
Abstrak: Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai pengaruh medan magnet terhadap kontraksi spontan usus halus kelinci secara in vitro. Dalam penelitian ini, dihitung amplitudo, frekuensi dan periode kontraksi usus halus dengan menggunakan kymogram yang dirangkai dengan organbath. Bagian usus halus, duodenum, jejunum dan ileum diisolasi dan direndam dalam larutan tyrode dengan suhu dijaga pada 37oC. Perlakuan yang diberikan berupa paparan medan magnet dengan kisaran antara 30 Gauss sampai 180 Gauss. Untuk setiap pengambilan data dan bagian usus halus diambil kontrol dan perlakuannyayang masing-masing dilakukan selama 3 menit. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan terjadinya penurunan amplitudo kontraksi spontan usus halus jika dibandingkan dengan kontrol, baik pada bagian duodenum, jejunum maupun ileum. Tetapi dua parameter kontraksi lainnya, frekuensi dan periode tidak mengalami perubahan. Penurunan yang terjadi pada amplitudo kontraksi diduga terjadi karena adanya perubahan pada aliran ion Ca2+ yang disebabkan oleh gaya yang dikerahkan medan magnet terhadap ion. Gaya yang dikerahkan oleh medan magnet akan menyebabkan arah gerakan ion Ca2+ berubah, sehingga gagal masuk ke dalam intrasel otot polos. Dengan terjadinya perubahan tersebut, maka [Ca2+] yang berfungsi untuk mengaktifkan MLCK akan berkurang sehingga aktivasi MLCK terganggu. Dengan terganggunya aktivasi MLCK tersebut, maka akan terjadi penurunan kontraksi. Efek medan magnet terhadap kontraksi usus halus kelinci ini memiliki hubungan berbanding lurus. Semakin besar medan magnet yang digunakan, semakin besar pula penurunan yang terjadi.
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Judul: Perubahan Kontraksi Otot Longitudinal  Usus Halus Kelinci Akibat Paparan  Medan Listrik Dan Magnet Secara In Vitro
Abstrak: Effects of electric and magnetic field on living tissue have drawn scientist’s attention because of it’s widespreads use on many major of life. In this experiment, static electric field 7,5, 15, 22,5, 30, 37,5, and 45 V/m and magnetic field strength from 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 Gauss were used to investigate contraction alteration on longitudinal smooth muscle contraction of rabbit small intestine. Electric field did not affect alteration of amplitude and contraction’s frequency on duodenum, jejenum, and ileum. Magnetic field exposure on duodenum and ileum had amplitude alteration pattern that increased in field power of 30 Gauss. This pattern is suspected related with hormesis phenomena. Duodenum amplitude’s alterations was not significant, jejenum amplitudes significantly decreased on 90 Gauss, while ileum amplitude significantly differed with control on 90, 120, and 180 Gauss, but magnetic field did not affect contraction’s frequency. Small intestine contract autonomically. Electric and magnetic fields are suspected influence ion transportation for contraction of small intestine such as Ca2+, Na+, K+ , ion channnel and neurotransmitter of intrinsic plexus that play a role in controlling smooth muscle contraction.
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Judul: Sistem Pakar untuk Identifikasi Shorea Menggunakan Algoritme Voting Feature Interval 5
Abstrak: Shorea is a kind of meranti species that have high value. Shorea is a genus name with 194 species and belong to the Dipterocarpaceae family. Shorea has a considerable number of benefits. It is the most important timber source. Shorea can be used to produce varnish, paint and other chemical materials. One kind of Shorea is better known as tengkawang and can produce a high price oil that can be used to make cosmetics and food. The morphological similarity of Shorea makes it difficult to distinguish one Shorea to another. The identification is usually done by experts. Unfortunately, there is limited time and resource of experts to identify. Expert system is a computer system that emulates the decision making ability of human expert. This research aims to develop an expert system to identify Shorea based on morphological characteristics of Shorea. The expert system being built uses Voting Feature Intervals 5 (VFI5) algorithm to identify Shorea. The acquistion of data is done with expert to examine Shorea morphological characteristics. The acquisition is generating identification of determination key as comparison to VFI5 algoritm. The identification using VFI5 algorithm produced 99% average accuracy, and identification of Shorea performed by an expert produced 90% accuracy.
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