Judul: Simulation Model of Mangrove Degradation (Case Study at Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan Provinve, Indonesia)
Abstrak: The crucial problem at Mahakam Delta is the degradation of mangrove ecosystems. This is mainly due to the social impacts resulting from the monetary crisis in mid 1990’s in which large number of shrimpponds were constructed and mangroves were cleared in many parts of the delta. The main objective of this research is to study the dynamic changes of mangrove coverage at Mahakam Delta East Kalimantan. The specific objectives are: 1) to predict on the future trend of mangrove degradation both mangrove coverage degradation and land value degradation, 2) to identify the influencing factors of mangrove degradation both mangrove coverage degradation and land value degradation, and 3) to know the dynamic processes of mangrove degradation both mangrove coverage degradation and land value degradation. The factors that influence mangrove coverage degradation at Mahakam Delta are regeneration and exploitation. Mangrove degradation rate at Mahakam Delta is 0.140023, that is the net growth rate and exploitation rate. The factors that influence land value are mangrove coverage degradation itself, benefit of mangrove forest products, exploitation cost, and recovery cost. Prediction of mangrove coverage degradation at Mahakam Delta indicates that about 50% will degrade in year 2010, while in 2024 the remaining mangrove coverage is estimated to be 1,547.14 hectare (6.85%). The land value degradation at Mahakam Delta is estimated around Rp. 1,210 billion at the early prediction (year 2005) and a loss over Rp. 1 billion for the last prediction (year 2024).
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Judul: Spatial dynamic modeling for sustainable coastal resources use, case study : mangrove conversion for shrimp ponds development in Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan
Abstrak: Delta Mahakam yang terletak di Kalimantan Timur secara ekologis dan ekonomis merupakan wilayah yang unik dengan hutan mangrove and spesies asosiasinya serta kegiatan ekonomi berupa produksi minyak dan gas bumi serta pertambangan udang., Mahakam Delta in East Kalimantan is ecologically and economically unique with vast mangrove forest and its associated species, and with mixed economic activities of oil and gas and shrimp farming. In the last six years since 1997, the Mahakam Delta area has undergone a severe mangrove and nypa deforestation caused by conversion of the forest into shrimp ponds and for oil and gas extraction fields. For shrimp ponds have disappeared since 1983. The rapid degradation of this geologically unique estuarine environment has rose serious concern over the long term sustainability of the Mahakam Delta ecosystem.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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