Judul: Fractionation of Active Components from Curcuma xanthorrhiza Essential Oil as Aromatherapy for Antiobesity Using In Vivo Analysis
Abstrak: The objectives of this research are to separate constituents of temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) essential oil and to evaluate their active components as aromatherapy for antiobesity using in vivo analysis. Fractionation of temulawak essential oil using silica gel column chromatography (gradient elution) produced 23 fractions. The activity of fraction 3 (F3), fraction 4 (F4), and the crude oil as aromatherapy for antiobesity were evaluated by in vivo analysis using male Sprague-Dawley rats. The in vivo test was performed in 5 groups (10 rats for each group). Group 1 was a negative control which consumed normal diet, group 2 consumed high cholesterol diet without treatment, group 3, 4, and 5 consumed high cholesterol diet with treatment inhalation of crude oil 1% (v/v), F3 1% (v/v), and F4 1% (v/v) which consist of β-elemenone as the main component, respectively. Group 5 showed an increasing body weight about 29.54% (w/w) close to that of group 1 (26.39% w/w), the lowest number of feed consumption (165.20 g), and their fecal output was 323 g. In addition, group 5 showed the highest liver weight (10.92±0.56 g) and the lowest parametrical fat weight (2.37±0.51 g). These results conclude that β-elemenone of temulawak essential oil is potential as aromatherapy for antiobesity.
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Judul: Fraksionasi senyawa aktif minyak atsiri jahe sebagai pelangsing aromaterapi secara in vivo
Abstrak: Ginger is an Indonesian aromatic plant containing essential oil. The objectives of this research were to separate constituents of ginger essential oil and to evaluate the active components as aromatherapy for obesity using in vivo analysis. The essential oil was collected by steam distillation method as much as 1.57% (w/v) from ginger rhizomes. Fractionation of the essential oil was performed by silica gel column chromatography (gradient elution) resulting 11 fractions. Fraction 2, fraction 4, and ginger essential oil were analyzed for their activities as aromatherapy for antiobesity in vivo by using male Sprague-Dawley rats. Inhalation of fraction 2, fraction 4, and ginger essential oil showed lower response of rats body weight compared with the positive control (high cholesterol feed). From the three groups of rats, the essential oil inhalation group gave the lowest response for body weight increment, that is 6.17% (w/w). Based on gas chromatograpy-mass spectrometry analysis, the main component in ginger essential oil which affected the body weight of rats was camphene
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Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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