Judul: Pengaruh Penambahan Biskuit Biosuplemen Pakan terhadap Produksi Susu dan Pertambahan Bobot Badan Kambing Peranakan Etawah (PE).
Abstrak: The main constraints of farmers in the tropics to produce high milk production is feed availability and quality mainly during the dry season. Biscuits biosupplements is one product of feed technology as an alternative solution to provide nutritious, durable and easily stored feed. The objectives of this study were to know the effect of biosupplements biscuits to goat milk production. A randomized complete block design with four treatments and three replications used in this study. The treatment were R0= 0% biscuits biosupplement, R1= 5% biscuits biosupplement, R2= 10% biscuits biosupplement and R3= 15% biscuits biosupplement. Measured variables such as milk production and body weight gain. The results showed that treatment of biscuits biosupplement feeding was significant on increase milk production at the end of the study (P<0.05), but no significant to the body weight gain (P>0.05).
Keyword: milk production, goat, body weight gain, biscuit, biosupplements

Judul: Uji Kualitas dan Hedonik Susu Kambing Peranakan Etawah (PE) yang Diberi Biskuit Biosuplemen
Abstrak: The main constraints of farmers in the tropics to produce high-quality milk is low feed quality especially during the dry season. Biosupplement biscuit is one of feed technology products as an alternative solution to provide nutritious, durable and easily-stored feed. This experiment was conducted to evaluate effect of biscuit bio-supplement on quality and hedonic test of dairy goat milk. Twelve lactating PE goats were used in a randomized block design and analyzed using Analysis of Covariance to measure milk quality (dry matter, protein, fat, SNF, lactose, density, salt, freezing point, temperature) and hedonic test (colour, flavor, viscosity, taste). There were four treatments, R1 (basal diet + 0% biscuits), R2 (basal diet + 5% biscuits), R3 (basal diet + 10% biscuits) and R4 (basal diet + 15% biscuits). The results showed that there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the dry matter, protein, fat, SNF, lactose, density, salt, freezing point and temperature. The hedonic test showed that milk generally accepted by the panelists, with R4 reach the highest score of consumer preferences based on the flavor and taste.
Keyword: milk quality, hedonic test, dairy goat, biosupplement biscuit

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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