Judul: Analisis Spawning Potential Ratio (SPR) Perikanan Pelagis di Selat Sunda
Abstrak: Potensi sumberdaya ikan pelagis di Selat Sunda meliputi ikan kembung lelaki (Rastrelliger kanagurta), selar kuning (Selaroides leptolepis), dan tembang (Sardinella fimbriata). Spawning Potential Ratio (SPR) digunakan untuk mengevaluasi status stok ikan pelagis dengan kondisi data yang minim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan tingkat potensi keberlanjutan ikan pelagis kecil di Selat Sunda melalui pendekatan SPR. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April sampai Oktober 2021 dengan menggunakan data sekunder tahun 2013 hingga 2018 dari PPP Labuan. Data dianalisis menggunakan Barefoot Ecologist. Hasil penelitian mengenai rasio F/M pada ikan kembung lelaki tertinggi pada tahun 2013 sebesar 20,57 kali, ikan selar kuning tahun 2013 sebesar 4,36 kali, dan ikan tembang tahun 2018 sebesar 65,94 kali. F/M adalah rasio kematian akibat penangkapan (F) terhadap mortalitas alami (M). Rasio F/M pada setiap tahunnya bernilai >1, artinya jumlah kematian ikan akibat penangkapan lebih tinggi daripada jumlah kematian alami. Analisis SPR gabungan dari ikan kembung lelaki, selar kuning, dan tembang yang diperoleh sebesar 0%, 8%, dan 3%. Nilai SPR ikan kembung lelaki, selar kuning, dan tembang relatif rendah (kurang dari 20%) Hal tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa sumberdaya ikan berada pada kondisi over-exploited dan terancam kelestariannya. Kata kunci: ikan pelagis, rasio potensi pemijahan, Selat Sunda, Sunda Strait had potential resources for pelagic fish such as Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta), yellow-striped scad (Selaroides leptolepis), and fringe scale sardinella (Sardinella fimbriata). Spawning Potential Ratio (SPR) is used to evaluate pelagic fish stocks with poor data fisheries. This study aimed to determine the potential sustainability of small pelagic fish from PPP Labuan; through the SPR approach. This research was carried out from April to October 2021 and used secondary data from 2013 to 2018 from the fishing port landed PPP Labuan. Data were analyzed using the Barefoot Ecologist. The study results on the F/M ratio in the highest Indian mackerel found in 2013 at 20.57 times, yellow-striped scad in 2013 at 4.36 times, and fringe scale sardinella in 2018 at 65.94 times. The F/M is the ratio of fishing mortality (F) to natural mortality (M). The F/M ratio every year is >1, which means the fishing mortality is higher than natural mortality. The combined SPR analysis of Indian mackerel, yellow-striped scad, and fringe scale sardinella was obtained at 0%, 8%, and 3%. The SPR value of Indian mackerel, yellow-striped scad, and fringe scale sardinella was relatively low (less than 20%). That was indicated that the fish resources in over-exploited condition and endangered. Keywords: pelagic fish, spawning potential ratio, Sunda Strait
Keyword: Pelagic fish, Spawning Potential Ratio, Sunda Strait

Judul: Potensi Sumber Daya Ikan Selar Kuning, Tembang, dan Tongkol di Selat Sunda yang Didaratkan di PPP Labuan, Banten
Abstrak: Pelagic fishery potential in the Sunda Strait is the highest compared to other fisheries. The dominant pelagic fish caught were yellowstripe scad, fringescale sardinella, and thonine orientale. Pelagic fish is a economic important, that facing arrest are increasing every year and it is feared to overfishing. The aims this study are to assess the utilization condition of pelagic fish in PPP Labuan, Banten especially about biological and economic aspects. The method used to determine potential is through the selection correctly of surplus production. Maximum sustainable yield (MSY) and maximum economic yield (MEY) are 1875.02 ton/year dan 1874.71 ton/year for yellowstripe scad, 3311 ton/year dan 3303 ton/year for fringescale sardinella, also 1721.17 ton/year and 1710.64 ton/year for thonine orientale. Actual catche efforts of yellowstripe scad, fringescale sardinella, and thonine orientale has greater than optimum efforts, so that indicated has been biological and economic overfishing. Economic rent on the actual condition of the third kind of fish is lower than the economic rent of MSY and MEY conditions. This condition can be caused by the rate exploitation of the three kinds of fish exceeding the optimum exploitation (> 0.5) so it had overexploited. Economic rent on the actual condition is lowest because degradation of the fish resources has increased every year. The better utilization is MEY condition because these have maximum benefit. Management plan of pelagic fish in PPP Labuan are reduction fishing effort, selectivity of fishing gear, and setting size of the fish can be caught.
Keyword: Sunda Strait., pelagic fish, overexploited, exploitation rate, degradation rate

Judul: Penggunaan Teorema Homeomorphy 2-Manifold dan Teorema Euler Poincare pada Torus 𝑇�� dan Simplicial Complex 𝐾��
Abstrak: Two dimensional topological spaces are said to be homeomorphic if they have the same topological invariant, where one of topological invariant used is an Euler characteristic. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem and Euler Poincare’s Theorem are used to distinguish two topological spaces. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem uses Euler characteristic to identify two dimensional topological spaces. Euler Poincare’s Theorem is an alternative way to find Euler characteristic with Betti number, which is topological invariant as well. The objective of this paper is to investigate the homeomorphism of torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾�����. Topological space torus and simplicial complex 𝐾����� have the same Euler characteristic, which is two. Based on Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem topological space torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾����� is homeomorphic.
Keyword: simplicial, torus, Euler, homeomorphism, topology