Judul: Penggunaan Bap (Benzyl Amino Purin) Dalam Meningkatkan Bunga Betina Jarak Pagar (Jatropha Curcas L.)
Abstrak: Jatropha curcas seed is a potential candidate as source of biodiesel. Seed yield, the determining factor of jatropha oil production, is highly associated with female flowers development.. However, little is known regarding floral development in this species. This study was undertaken to determine the effects of plant growth regulator Benzyl Amino Purin (BAP) on floral development of Jatropha curcas. The experiment was carried out in March through December 2011 at Cikabayan Experimental station, using Dompu accession.The treatment consisted of six concentration of BAP, i.e. 0. 40, 80, 120, 160, and 200 ppm. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with three replicates, and each replicate consisted of three trees. The result show that application of BAP 160 ppm significantly increased the total number of female flowers per inflorescence up to over 7fold (from 3.30 - 23.67 flowers ) in the green house, where as outside the rumah kaca it reached over 5 fold (from 3.30 to 16 flowers).The number of male flowers was not affected by the treatment. As a result, the sex ratio between female and male flowers decreased from 1:15 to 1:3. Unfortunately, the increasing number of female flowers in the rumah kaca was followed by the low fruit set of 40% as opposed to those outside rumah kaca of 80%. It was possible that the low fruit set was due to lack of pollinators. There was indication that the developmental stage of flower bud determined the increase number of female flowers following the BAP treatment. The developmental stage 1 and 2 were the best time for application of BAP.
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Judul: Perbanyakan Tanaman Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas) melalui Stek Buku Tunggal secara In Vitro
Abstrak: Jatropha curcas was known as an alternative source of biodiesel to complement fossil fuel. In vitro multiplication can produce seeds of J. curcas in high amount and uniformed. The aim of this research was to find the combination of plant growth regulators (PGR) to stimulate physic nut growth from single node cuttings in vitro to produce shoots and roots. This research was designed in group randomized with 16 combinations of initiation and multiplication treatment. Concentrations of IAA in the initiation and multiplication media were 0; 0.01; 0.05; 0.10 mg/l whereas concentrations of BAP were 0; 0.10; 0.50; 0.80 mg/l. 80-100% explants gave shoots within 7-10 days. Concentrations of IAA in rooting treatment were 0; 0.10; 0.50; 1.00 mg/l. 325 buds were subcultured to rooting media after 4-8 weeks; 6.46% of them initiated roots in 22-60 days after subcultured. IAA 0.10 mg/l and BAP 0.80 mg/l stimulated multiple shoots, whereas 0.10 mg/l of IAA in rooting media stimulated root formation.
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Judul: Perbandingan Karakteristik Anatomi Skelet Kepala Komodo (Varanus komodoensis) dan Biawak Air (Varanus salvator).
Abstrak: Komodo dan biawak air diklasifikasikan dalam Ordo Squamata dan Famili Varanidae. Meskipun kedua hewan ini termasuk dalam ordo dan famili yang sama tetapi perannya di alam berbeda. Komodo sebagai predator utama memiliki ukuran tengkorak yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan ukuran tengkorak biawak air yang berperan sebagai predator opportunistik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari komparasi karakteristik struktur skelet kepala komodo (Varanus komodoensis) dengan skelet kepala biawak air (Varanus salvator). Struktur kepala ini dikaitkan dengan fungsi skelet kepala untuk mendukung perilaku sehari-hari. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara mengamati dan mengukur tulang-tulang penyusun skelet kepala komodo dan biawak air, serta mengamati perilaku sehari-hari kedua hewan melalui pengamatan video. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ukuran skelet kepala komodo memiliki panjang 21.9 cm, lebar 11.6 cm, dan tinggi 8.9 cm. Skelet kepala biawak air memiliki panjang 16.0 cm, lebar 7.0 cm, dan tinggi 5.0 cm. Komodo memiliki gigi marginal dan lingual dengan tipe gigi pleurodont dan ziphodont, yaitu bentuk gigi seperti pedang dan melengkung ke arah lateral. Biawak air memiliki gigi marginal dengan tipe pleurodont yang tumbuh disamping rahang dengan satu gigi pengganti pada setiap gigi marginal. Hubungan antar tulang penyusun skelet kepala komodo relatif longgar dan memiliki os temporale yang sangat berkembang, sehingga pembukaan mulut komodo sangat lebar dibandingkan biawak air yang tidak memiliki kraniokinesis. Kedua hewan ini memiliki canalis intercisivum yang terdapat pada palatum durum menghubungkan cavum oris dan cavum nasi. Secara fungsional, saluran ini dikaitkan dengan kemampuan penciuman yang tajam karena saluran ini berhubungan dengan organ vomeronasale. Perbedaan struktur skelet kepala komodo dan biawak air berperan dalam melakukan aktifitas sehari-hari kedua hewan ini.
Keyword: perbandingan skelet kepala, komodo, biawak air