Judul: Analysis of Local Horse Pedicab Coat Color Pattern in North Sulawesi
Abstrak: Horse has been domesticated since ancient times. The horse coat color is the expression of genotype and categorize as qualitative traits. Information on the characteristic of Indonesian, especially in North Sulawesi horse coat color is very limited. The aim of this study is to determine the phenotype and genotype of coat color of horse in the North Sulawesi. The study was conducted in four different areas in North Sulawesi, Tomohon, Manado, Minahasa and Amurang. Genetic distance analyses based on coat color was performed. The most coat color in the four areas was bay, chestnut, bay-cream, chestnut-cream, roan, black, white and spotted. The dominant coat color was bay and chestnut. Genetic distance analyses result indicate that the horse from Manado, Minahasa and Amurang are clustered in one group and separated to Tomohon population with the genetic distance between the two cluster was 0.002244. The genetic distance of the horse from Manado and from Minahasa was 0.000164. On the other hand, the genetic distance of the horse from Manado and Minahasa group and Amurang was 0.001006. The smallest genetic indicates the closeness genetic between the two population.
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Judul: Analisis Keragaman Genetik Protein Darah Kuda Lokal Sulawesi Utara Dengan Menggunakan Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (Page)
Abstrak: The objective of this study was to estimate the polymorphisms of the Albumin, Post Albumin, Transferrin, Post Transferrin-1, Post Transferrin-2, and Hemoglobin in North Sulawesi's native horses. This study used PAGE method to identify protein. Genotyping was performed on 74 samples of horse blood, which include 28 samples from Manado, 10 samples from Tomohon, 13 samples from South Minahasa , and 23 samples from Minahasa. Genotype and allele frequency, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, heterozigosity, genetic distance, and phylogenetic tree were performed in order to describe the polymorphisms of blood protein. The result showed that the highest allele frequency was found in locus for PTf-1 allele A was equal to 1,00 and the lowest allele frequency was found in locus for PTf-1 allele B. Albumin locus were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Hemoglobin type ά was found in two types, namely type 1 and 2 with consecutive genotype frequencies were 0.51 and 0.49 respectively. The mean heterozygosity in all population was equal to 0.63. The population of horses in Tomohon have a far relationship with the horses population in the area of Amurang, Minahasa, and Manado. Horse blood protein polymorphisms were found for Albumin, Post Albumin, Transferrin and Hemoglobin.
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Judul: Pemanasan Sekunder Reaksi Fusi Plasma dengan Menggunakan Radio Frequency
Abstrak: Plasma merupakan bentuk ke-empat dari materi setelah padat, cair dan gas yang terbentuk dari proses ionisasi gas. Plasma dapat digunakan dalam reaksi fusi, yaitu reaksi penggabungan dua inti atom ringan menjadi inti atom yang lebih berat sambil melepaskan energi. Untuk mendapatkan energi dari reaksi fusi, inti yang akan direaksikan harus dipanaskan pada temperatur yang sangat ekstrem tingginya. Salah satu cara agar dapat mencapai kondisi ini adalah memberikan pemanasan tambahan atau pemanasan sekunder kepada plasma dalam reaksi fusi tersebut. Nilai daya serap rata-rata ion Deuterium yang sesuai dengan selang nilai daya dari data ITER adalah daya yang menggunakan frekuensi 50 MHz sampai dengan 60 MHz. Dengan menggunakan frekuensi 60 Hz diperoleh nilai daya rata-rata yang diserap sebesar 1,235.10-12 W.
Keyword: gelombang radio, pemanasan sekunder, plasma, reaksi fusi