Judul: Aktivitas Antidiabetes Ekstrak Kulit Buah Salak Manonjaya dengan Ikan Zebra (Danio rerio) sebagai Hewan Model.
Abstrak: Penelitian bertujuan menentukan fraksi aktif dan profil senyawa aktif pada ekstrak kulit buah salak manonjaya yang berperan sebagai antidiabetes serta menentukan aktivitas antidiabetes menggunakan hewan uji berupa ikan zebra. Kulit buah diekstraksi dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70% kemudian difraksionasi menggunakan n-heksana, etil asetat dan metanol. Fraksi aktif adalah fraksi etil asetat dengan rendemen tertinggi 0.94%, kadar fenolik total tertinggi 1087 mg ekivalen asam galat/g ekstrak, kadar flavonoid total tertinggi 150 mg ekuivalen kuersetin/g ekstrak, penghambatan α-glukosidase paling kuat berdasarkan persen inhibisi 64.43% dan yang memberikan spot teraktif sebagai inhibitor α-glukosidase. Profil senyawa aktif yang berperan sebagai senyawa antidiabetes ialah flavonoid dari golongan glikosilflavon dan flavon. Aktivitas antidiabetes menggunakan ikan zebra, menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak kulit buah salak manonjaya dari ekstrak kasar etanol dan fraksi etil asetat dapat menurunkan kadar gula darah ikan zebra yang diinduksi dengan aloksan.
Keyword: fraksionasi, ikan zebra, inhibitor α-glukosidase, KLT bioautografi

Judul: Pendekatan Bioinformatika Formulasi Jamu Baru Berkhasiat Antidiabetes dengan Ikan Zebra (Danio rerio) sebagai Hewan Model
Abstrak: Jamu composition was formulated without any provision like Traditional Chinese Medicine. Recent studies showed regularity pattern through statistical database. Jamu formulations in this study were made using Design Expert and its efficacy predicted using models partial least square discriminant analysis (PLSDA), coefficient PLSDA multiways, and Support Vector Machine. The prediction indicated that 4 plants used were sembung, pare, ginger, and bratawali. The efficacy was verified using zebrafish (D. rerio) as an animal test. Hyperglycemia in the fish was induced by soaking them in alloxan 0.1% for 10 min, glucose 1% for 10 min, and distilled water for 60 min in sequence. One-way t test showed that the increasing blood sugar levels was not significant (p>0.05). These results confirm that the induction process have not been successful to increase the average blood sugar levels. Application of jamu into the fish was done for 3 days after the induction. Statistical observation for all compositions of jamu showed that group 1 has the greatest decline difference.
Keyword: zebrafish, jamu, bioinformatic of jamu, antidiabetic

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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