Judul: Analysis of the Impact and Carrying Capacity of the White Sand Beach Tourism Area of Wates, Rembang Regency Due to the Covid-19 Pandemic
Abstrak: Covid-19 berdampak pada berbagai kegiatan ekonomi di Indonesia salah satunya sektor pariwisata. Pantai Pasir Putih Wates merupakan salah satu wisata yang terdampak Covid-19. Penerapan protokol kesehatan dilaksanakan guna membatasi jumlah pengunjung sesuai daya dukung kawasan wisata. Tujuan dari penelitian ini; (1) menganalisis dampak lingkungan dan ekonomi wisata Pantai Pasir Putih Wates akibat Covid-19, (2) menghitung daya dukung kawasan sesuai protokol kesehatan di kawasan wisata Pantai Pasir Putih Wates, (3) menganalisis strategi pengelolaan wisata Pantai Pasir Putih Wates pasca pandemi. Metode yang digunakan yaitu SNI 19-3964-1994 untuk perhitungan timbulan sampah, multiplier effect, analisis daya dukung fisik (PCC), serta Analytical Hierarchy Process. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi pengurangan jumlah sampah yang dihasilkan dari aktivitas wisata selama pandemi. Setelah terjadi pandemi, keynesian income multiplier mengalami penurunan (2%), sedangkan ratio income multiplier tipe I dan II mengalami kenaikan masing-masing sebesar 7% dan 9%. Daya dukung kawasan wisata sebelum pandemi pada weekday, weekend, hari libur, hari raya idul fitri, natal, dan tahun baru berada pada under carrying capacity. Saat pandemi pada weekday, weekend, dan hari libur berada pada under carrying capacity, namun pada hari raya idul fitri, natal, dan tahun baru berada pada over carrying capacity. Prioritas strategi pengelolaan wisata pasca pandemi adalah peningkatan sarana dan prasarana., The Covid-19 in Indonesia affected various economic activities in Indonesia, including tourism. The Pasir Putih Wates Beach is one of the major tourist attractions affected by Covid-19. Health regulations is applied to limiting the number of visitors. The purpose of this study are (1) to analyze the environmental and economic impact of Pasir Putih Wates Beach due to the Covid-19, (2) to calculate carrying capacity according to health protocols in the Pasir Putih Wates Beach, (3) to analyze management strategy of the Pasir Putih Wates Beach tourism after the pandemic. The methods used are SNI 19-3964-1994 to estimate waste generation, multiplier effect to calculate economic impact, physical carrying capacity (PCC), as well as Analytical Hierarchy Process. Based on the result, the amount of tourism waste are reduced during pandemic. During pandemic condition, multiplier is decreased (2%), while the ratio of type I- and II-income multipliers is increased by 7% and 9% respectively. Tourism activity in Pasir Putih Wates Beach before the pandemic is under carrying capacity. During the pandemic, on weekends, and holidays are under carrying capacity, but Ied Al Fitri, Christmas, and New Year holidays are over carrying capacity. The priority of post- pandemic tourism management strategies is the improvement of facilities and infrastructure.
Keyword: AHP, multiplier effect, carrying capacity, tourism waste

Judul: The Economic Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic and the Health Protocols Carrying Capacity Based Tourism Management at Boonpring Andeman Malang
Abstrak: Pada akhir tahun 2019 terjadi kasus penyebaran virus corona (Covid-19) yang berdampak pada aktivitas ekonomi di Indonesia, dimana salah satu sektor ekonmi yang merasakan dampak yang besar adalah pariwisata. Dampak pandemic terhadap aktivitas wisata juga dirasakan di kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman. Terlaksananya kegiatan wisata berbasis protokol kesehatan di Kawasan Wisata Boonpring Andeman dengan membatasi jumlah pengunjung dapat selaras dengan daya dukung kawasan agar kawasan wisata dapat berkelanjutan dengan menjaga keamanan, kenyamanan, serta kelestarian sumberdaya alam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) mengestimasi dampak ekonomi dan lingkungan sebelum dan sesudah adanya pandemi di kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman, (2) mengestimasi kapasitas daya dukung kawasan apabila terlaksananya upaya pembatasan sesuai protokol kesehatan Covid-19 di kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman, (3) menganalisis pengelolaan wisata Boonpring Andeman yang adaptif terhadap pandemi Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan yaitu multiplier effect, analisis Daya Dukung Kawasan (DDK), dan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai Keynesian Income Multiplier di kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman menurun, sedangkan nilai Ratio Income Multiplier Tipe I dan II mengalami peningkatan. Kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman masih under carrying capacity dari segi fisiknya. Pengelolaan wisata yang adaptif terhadap pandemi Covid-19 dapat diterapkan di kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman., At the end of 2019 there were cases of the spread of the corona virus (Covid-19) which had an impact on economic activity in Indonesia, one of which was from the tourism sector. This pandemic has implications for activities from the tourism sector, including in the Boonpring Andeman tourist area. The implementation of health protocols by limiting the number of visitors can be in line with the carrying capacity of the area so that tourist areas can be sustainable by maintaining security, comfort, and the preservation of natural resources. The objectives of this study are: (1) to estimate the economic and environmental impacts before and after the pandemic in the Boonpring Andeman tourist area, (2) to estimate the carrying capacity of the area if the restrictions are implemented according to the Covid-19 health protocol in the Boonpring Andeman tourist area, (3) analyzing the management of Boonpring Andeman tourism which is adaptive to the Covid-19 pandemic. The method used is the multiplier effect, analysis of Regional Carrying Capacity (DDK), and descriptive analysis. The results showed that the value of the Keynesian Income Multiplier in the Boonpring Andeman tourist area decreased, while the value of the Ratio Income Multiplier Type I and II increased. The Boonpring Andeman tourist area is still under carrying capacity from a physical point of view. Tourism management that is adaptive to the Covid-19 pandemic can be applied in the Boonpring Andeman tourist area.
Keyword: carrying capacity, multiplier effect, new normal, physical and social restrictions

Judul: Sintesis Flavonol melalui 2’-Hidroksikalkon
Abstrak: Flavonol is a class of flavonoids commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Flavonol is very useful, especially in food sector and health. In this study, flavonol unsubstituted was successfully synthesized from an intermediate material 2’-hydroxychalcone. The 2’-hydroxychalcone was synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation method between o-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde using 4 different catalysts, namely KOH 60%, solid pellet of KOH-grinding technique, BF3-Et2O, and NaH in DMF. The KOH 60% was the best catalyst, giving the highest yield (57%). Afterward, the flavonol was synthesized in 1-stage oxidation cyclization of o-hydroxyacetophenone using Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction, giving 76%. The flavonol total yield from 2’-hydroxychalcone was 43%. All synthesized products were characterized by their melting points and their spectra. The success of the synthesis flavonol opens the way to synthesis of useful flavonol derivatives such as quercetin and kaempferol.
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