Judul: Efektivitas Gugus Pelindung ‒OH Fenolik pada Floroasetofenon dan 3,4- Dihidroksibenzaldehida dalam Upaya Menyintesis Kuersetin
Abstrak: Quercetin is a of flavonol compound with hydroxylated A and B rings. Synthesis of this group of compounds is commonly through condensation reaction between hydroxylated acetophenoneand benzaldehyde derivatives and needs introduction of phenolic-OH protecting groups. In this study, tetrahydropyranylether (OTHP) and benzylether (OBn) were compared for their effectiveness in protecting the 2 phenolic‒OH groups in phloroactophenone and 3.4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde as the first step in quercetin synthesis. OTHP gave a huge steric hindrance so it could not protect the phenolic-OH of phloroacetophenone. On the contrary, OBn protected phloroacetophenone and 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde more effectively. Two equivalent of BnBr in dimethylformamide after 24 hours, produced 2’,4’-di-Obenzylphloroacetophenone and 3,4-bis-(benzyloxy)benzaldehyde with 48% and 55% of yield, respectively. The condensation reaction between the two protected precursors produce mixture of products predicted to contain eriodictiol chalcone Bn-protected. Oxidative cyclization of the chalcone was yet to be succeeded to failed to form tetra-O-benzylquercetin. However, the effectiveness of OBn as a phenolic-OH protective group has been successfully demonstrated in this study
Keyword: phloroacetophenone tetrahydropyranil, 3.4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, chalchone, benzyl

Judul: Sintesis 1-(2-hidroksifenil)-3-fenilpropana-1,3-dion dari o-hidroksiasetofenon dan benzoil klorida
Abstrak: Flavonoid is the most abundant naturaly-occuring polyphenolic compound which has C6-C3-C6 carbon skeleton. Flavone is a group of flavonoid with wide bioactivity spectrum. It is widely distributed in higher plants. Its bioactivities include antioxidant, HIV-1 proteinase inhibitor, strong and selective apoptotic inducer in human colon cell, and ligand for BDZ-R receptor. One of the important and widely applicable flavones synthesis route is through 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3- phenylpropane-1,3-dione (1,3-diketone) acid-catalyzed oxidative cyclization. In this study, 1,3-diketone has been successfully synthesized via four-step route. In the first step, phenol was acetylated with 74–95% yields. Subsequently, phenyl acetate was converted to o-hydroxyacetophenone (o-HAP) with 34% yield via AlCl3-catalyzed Fries rearrangement. Benzoylation of o-HAP followed by Baker- Venkataraman rearrangement of the ester product using KOH in pyridine finally produced 1,3-diketone. The third and fourth steps yield were 27–44% and 82– 85%, respectively. All products in this study have been characterized spectroscopically. Melting point characterization were also conducted to the solid products.
Keyword: 

Judul: Perbandingan model vector autoregressive dan generalized space time autoregressive untuk meramalkan harga daging sapi
Abstrak: Vector Autoregressive (VAR) merupakan salah satu model data deret waktu peubah ganda dimana model tersebut tidak hanya bergantung pada lag dari peubah itu sendiri tetapi juga dipengaruhi oleh nilai lag peubah lainnya, sedangkan Generalized Space Time Autoregressive (GSTAR) merupakan pengembangan dari model VAR yang dipengaruhi oleh waktu dan lokasi. Efek waktu pada model GSTAR diperoleh dari VAR, sedangkan efek lokasi dirumuskan oleh matriks pembobot lokasi. Harga daging sapi mengalami perubahan dari waktu ke waktu mengikuti bentuk data deret waktu dan harga ini berbeda-beda antar daerah. Jakarta sebagai sentra konsumsi daging sapi, tidak dapat memenuhi kebutuhannya sendiri sehingga membutuhkan daerah lain dalam pemenuhan kebutuhannya. Hal ini mengindikasikan terdapatnya keterkaitan antar waktu dan lokasi pada data harga daging sapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan model terbaik dengan membandingkan model VAR dan GSTAR untuk meramalkan harga daging sapi di Jakarta, Surabaya, Mataram dan Kupang dari Januari 2013 hingga Juni 2016. Hasil pemodelan menunjukkan bahwa VARI (1,1) adalah model terbaik dengan nilai mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) sebesar 0.8282046%.
Keyword: Generalized Space Time Autoregressive,