Judul: Struktur dan Sebaran Komunitas Bintang Laut (Asteroidea) di Perairan Pulau Sapudi, Kabupaten Sumenep, Madura
Abstrak: One of the marine life which has not been widely known for its benefits are sea stars (starfish). Research on sea stars have not been widely reported or investigated in Indonesia compared to other countries such as Australia and Japan. The purpose of this research is to know the community structure of sea star (Asteroidea) and to know the relation between sea star with its characteristic of habitat. This study was conducted in June that starts with a site survey on June 28, 2012. Primary data collection at the study site on June 30, 2012 to July 3, 2012. This research was conducted in the coastal Sapudi Island, Sumenep, Madura. Data were collected by the line transect method which lay down along 50 meters. At each transect lines were laid 1 x 1 meter transect plots. Data analysis using the calculation of density of seagrass, density, dominance and the pattern of sea stars spreading and the relation between sea star and habitat characteristic. There are 4 species of starfish that can be found in the Sapudi Island, such as Arcaster typicus, Culcita novaeguineae, Linckia laevigata, and Protoreaster nodosus. Linkia levigata is one of the starfish species that can be found in every station. Five species of seagrass as one of the starfish habitat can be found in Sapudi Island, such as Cymodocea rotundata, Enhalus acoroides, Halophila ovalis, Syringodium isoetifolium, and Thalassia hemprichii. Thalassia hemprichii is the most dominated species in Site 1, Site 3, and Site 4. In Site 1, there can be found two types of seagrass, they are Thalassia hemprichii and Syringodium isoetifolium. Based on Morisita index, spread of Asteroidea in Sapudi Island consist of two species of distribution, such as cluster for Protoreaster nodosus and Arcaster typicus and kindred Linckia laevigata and Culcita novaeguineae.
Keyword: Sapudi island, habitat of seagrass, sea stars, distribution, community structure

Judul: Struktur dan Sebaran Komunitas Bulu Babi (Echinoidea) di Habitat Lamun Pulau Sapudi, Kabupaten Sumenep, Madura
Abstrak: Sea urchins dispersed from intertidal zone to subtidal zone. Sea urchins are generally inhabit coral reefs, seagrass beds and also prefer almost hard substrate of seagrass beds consisting of sand and rubble. This research objectives is to study the structure and distribution of sea urchins communities in seagrass beds of Sapudi island and it’s relationship with characteristic of habitat. Observation of research location is conducted from June, 28th until 29th Sea urchins species were found in this research are Echinotrix calamaris, Diadema setosum, Diadema savignyi, Echinotrix diadema, Echinometra mathaei, Tripneustes gratilla, Mespilia globulus, and Temnopleurus alexandri. Sea urchins density on each stations dominated by Diadema setosum and Echinometra mathaei. Seagrass species were found in this research are Thalassia hemprichii, Enhalus acoroides, Halophila ovalis, Syringodium isoetifolium, and Cymodoceae rotundata. Seagrasses density on each stations dominated by Thalassia hemprichii, Enhalus acoroides and Cymodocea rotundata, while percent cover of seagrass dominated by Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, and Syringodium isoetifolium. 2012. Primary data was collected at research location from June 30th until July 3th 2012, in four stations. Station 1 is located in south of the island (Banasem village), station 2 in west (Soka Rammi village), station 3 in north (Sonok village), and station 4 in east (Prambanan village). There are 3 line transects on each station. Each line trancents along 50 meters were laid perpendicular towards the beach. The distance between line transect are 20 meters. Furthermore, there are 5 plot transects sized 1m x 1 m on each line transect, with a distance of 10 meters between 3 line transects. Collected data are sea urchins density, seagrass density, percent cover of seagrass, water quality parameters, and substrate samples. The distribution pattern of sea urchins in Sapudi island, Madura is categorized as clumped distribution (Id>1). Correspondent analysis shows the relationship between the distribution of sea urchins and seagrass is centered on Factorial axis 1 (F1) an factorial axis 2 (F2). The data shows that the distribution of Mespilia globulus and Echinotrix calamaris is associated with Enhalus acoroides and Syringodium isoetifolium, while the species of Diadema setosum, Diadema savignyi, and Echinotrix diadema is associated with Thalassia hemprichii.
Keyword: 

Judul: Katalis Zink Ferit Tersubstitusi Cu untuk Oksidasi Benzil Alkohol
Abstrak: Katalis berperan dalam menurunkan energi aktivasi. Katalis ZnFe2O4 dan ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu disintesis menggunakan metode kopresipitasi untuk digunakan dalam oksidasi benzil alkohol. Katalis dicirikan dengan spektrofotometer inframerah (FTIR) dan difraktometer sinar-X. Spektrum FTIR menunjukkan puncak serapan dari ikatan Zn-O dan Fe-O masing-masing pada rentang 559‒575 cm-1 dan 419‒447 cm-1. Difraktogram menunjukkan terbentuknya fase tunggal Zn0.6Cu0.4Fe2O4 pada katalis ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu 20%. Benzil alkohol dioksidasi dengan sistem refluks. Konversi benzil alkohol meningkat dengan meningkatnya suhu. Kadar benzaldehida yang dihasilkan dengan katalis ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu 20% lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan katalis ZnFe2O4 yang tidak tersubstitusi dan yang tersubstitusi Cu 60 dan 80%. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa katalis ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu 20% memiliki kinerja yang lebih baik dalam oksidasi benzil alkohol menjadi benzaldehida dengan kadar benzaldehida 8.763%.
Keyword: Benzil alkohol, katalis, oksidasi, ZnFe2O4