Judul: The Behavior of IPB-D1 Chickens with Different Sexes in the Free-Range
Abstrak: Segala aktivitas yang dilakukan ayam disebut tingkah laku. Tingkah laku yang diekspresikan ayam disebabkan faktor eksternal maupun internal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari tingkah laku ayam IPB-D1 jantan dan betina pada sistem pemeliharaan free-range. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji T untuk membandingkan rataan jumlah tingkah laku ayam IPB-D1 jantan dan betina. Variable yang diamati meliputi tingkah laku makan, minum, lokomosi, mandi debu, bertengger, mengais, dan agonistik. Hasil penelitian berbeda nyata (P<0,05) antara ayam IPB-D1 jantan dengan betina pada tingkah laku makan, lokomosi, mengais, dan agonistik di dalam kandang, serta berbeda nyata (P<0,05) pada tingkah laku makan, minum, lokomosi, dan agonistik di umbaran. Tidak ada perbedaan (P>0,05) antara ayam jantan dan betina pada tingkah laku minum dan bertengger di dalam kandang, serta tidak ada perbedaan (P>0,05) pada tingkah laku mandi debu dan mengais di umbaran. Ayam IPB-D1 di dalam kandang lebih banyak melakukan tingkah laku makan, sedangkan di umbaran lebih banyak melakukan tingkah laku lokomosi. Tingkah laku agonistik di dalam kandang maupun di umbaran lebih banyak dilakukan ayam IPB-D1 jantan daripada betina., All activities carried out by chickens are called behavior. The behavior expressed by chickens is caused by external and internal factors. This study aims to study the behavior of male and female IPB-D1 chickens in the free-range rearing system. Data were analyzed using the T-test to compare the average number of behaviors of male and female IPB-D1 chickens. The observed variables included eating, drinking, locomotion, dust bathing, perching, scratching, and agonistiic behavior. The results of the study were significantly different (P<0,05) between male and female IPB-D1 chickens in eating, locomotion, scratching, and agonistic behavior in the cage, and significantly different (P<0,05) in the behavior of eating, drinking, locomotion, and agonistic in the free-range. There was no difference (P>0,05) between male and female chickens on the behavior of drinking and perching in the cage, and there was no difference (P>0,05) in the behavior of dust bathing and scratching. IPB-D1 chickens in the cage did more eating behavior, while in free-range they did more locomotion behaviors. Agonistic behavior in the cage and in the free-range was mostly done by male IPB-D1 chickens than by females.
Keyword: Behavior, Free-Range, IPB-D1 Chickens

Judul: Kinerja Ayam IPB-D1 Jantan dan Betina pada Pemeliharaan Sistem Free-range.
Abstrak: Ayam IPB-D1 merupakan ayam lokal yang memiliki keunggulan. Sistem pemeliharaan free-range adalah model pemeliharaan yang memberikan akses lahan penggembalaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji performa ayam jantan dan betina melalui pemeliharaan di kandang bebas. Tahapan penelitian meliputi pemeliharaan sistem free-range, pembuatan pakan, dan pengamatan variabel yaitu bobot badan, kecuali konsumsi, konversi pakan, konversi pakan, mortalitas, dan pendapatan atas pakan dan biaya ayam. Penelitian menggunakan 15 ekor ayam jantan dan 15 ekor ayam betina. Ayam IPB-D1 jantan memiliki jumlah konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, konversi pakan, mortalitas, serta indeks over feed chick and Cost ayam IPB-D1 jantan lebih tinggi dibandingkan ayam IPB-D1 betina. Terdapat perbedaan nyata pada pertambahan bobot badan., IPB-D1 chicken is a local chicken that has superior. The free-range rearing system is a maintenance model that provides access to grazing land other than cages as shelter. This study aimed to examine the performance of male and female chickens in free cages. The stages of the research included maintaining the freerange system, making feed, and observing variables, namely body weight, except for consumption, feed conversion, feed conversion, mortality, and income from feed and chicken costs. The study used 15 male chickens and 15 female chickens. IPB D1 male chickens had higher feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion, and mortality than female IPB D1 chickens. Body weight gain had significant differences in male and female IPB D1 chickens. The value of the over feed chick index and the cost of IPB D1 male chickens was higher than the female IPB D1 chickens.
Keyword: free-range, IPB-D1 chicken, performance, free-range, IPB-D1 chicken, performance

Judul: Pembuatan Film Tipis Cu2ZnSnS4 sebagai Lapisan Penyerap Cahaya pada Sel Surya Menggunakan Metode Elektrodeposisi
Abstrak: Thin film of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is an alternative semiconductor used as light absorber layer on solar cell. CZTS can replace silicon that commonly used as commercial semiconductor. The advantage of using CZTS as absorber layer is due to the abundance of its chemical composer on earth, and its high value of absorption coefficient. The absorber layer was made by using electrodeposition method on ITO glass substrates. The films were deposited at room temperature using potentiostatic mode with a potential of –1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes. After that, the films were annealed at two different temperatures, 180 ºC and 500 °C, for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. Based on X-ray diffraction analysis, the polycrystalline thin film obtained fall into kesterite crystal phase. This type of crystal was obtained when the CZTS was annealed at 500 °C in H2S/N2 atmosphere. The value of optical band gap energy for the CZTS thin film was 2.2 eV with the film thickness about 1.228–6.366 μm. The sample of CZTS with electrodeposition time of 45 minutes and annealing temperature of 500 °C showed the best result and in conformity with absorber layers criteria for solar cells.
Keyword: semiconductor, ITO glass, CZTS thin film, electrodeposition