Judul: Pemberian sinbiotik dengan dosis berbeda untuk meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan dan sistem imun benih ikan patin Pangasius sp.
Abstrak: Catfish (Pangasius sp.) is one of freshwater commodity which has high economic value. One of problems which often faced by the cultivator in catfish production is the problem of diseases. The aim of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of giving synbiotic with different doses in feed to increase the growth and immune responses on catfish fingerlings. The probiotic used is NP5 (Bacillus sp.), and the prebiotic used is oligosaccharides extracted from sweet potato Sukuh variety. The catfish fingerlings used has average of weight 0,43±0,06 gram and average of length 3.55±0.17 cm, and it was kept as many as 3 fish/liter in aquarium which (30x25x25) cm3 and filled with 10 liter of water. This research has been done in 4 treatments namely K (control), A (adding 0,5 dose of synbiotic), B (adding 1 dose of synbiotic), C (adding 2 dose of synbiotic). The result study shows that giving synbiotic in feed with different doses can give different increasing of growth and immune responses in catfish fingerlings. The catfish fingerlings given 1 dose of synbiotic showed the best increasing of growth and immune responses compared to the other treatments.
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Judul: Supplementation of Thymol in the diet to Enhance Growh Performance of Stripped Catfish (P.hypopthalmus)
Abstrak: Budidaya ikan patin (Pangasius sp.) memiliki kendala pertumbuhan lambat untuk mencapai ukuran konsumsi. Salah satu bahan yang dapat digunakan untuk mempercepat pertumbuhan ikan adalah thymol. Tujuan penelitian ini mengevaluasi suplementasi thymol dosis berbeda (0%, 0,1%, 0,2% dan 0,3%) pada pakan dengan masing-masing empat ulangan, selama 60 hari terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan ikan patin. Benih ikan patin yang digunakan memiliki bobot 2,12 ± 0,03 g dan panjang 6,61 ± 0,03 cm. Ikan dipelihara di waring berukuran 2 x 1 x 1 m3 dan ketinggian air 50 cm dengan kepadatan 30 ekor m-3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai biomassa akhir ikan patin yang diberi pakan dengan suplementasi thymol 0,3% lebih tinggi dibandingkan perlakuan kontrol (p<0,05), namun nilai laju pertumbuhan spesifik, tingkat kelangsungan hidup dan hepatosomatic index tidak berbeda nyata. Pemberian thymol dosis 0,3% dapat menurunkan nilai rasio konversi pakan, retensi lemak, retensi protein dan protein efficiency ratio lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakukan kontrol (p<0,05). emberian thymol dengan dosis 0,3% pada pakan dapat meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan ikan patin., Catfish (Pangasius sp.) cultivation has a slow growth constraint to reach consumption size. One of the ingredients that can be used to accelerate fish growth is thymol. The aim of this study was to evaluate different doses of thymol supplementation (0%, 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3%) in feed with four replications for 60 days on growth performance of catfish. The catfish seeds used have a weight of 2.12 ± 0.03 g and a length of 6.61 ± 0.03 cm. Fish are reared in the waring measuring 2 x 1 x 1 m3 and the water level is 50 cm with a density of 30 m-3. The results showed that the final biomass value at a dose of 0.3% was higher than the control treatment, the specific growth rate, survival rate and hepatosomatic index were not significantly different from the control treatment (p>0.05), the administration of thymol dose was 0.3%. can reduce the value of the feed conversion ratio and significantly different fromother treatments. Fat retention at a dose of 0.3% showed a higher value compared to other treatments besides that the protein retention value and protein efficiency ratio at a dose of 0.3% were higher than that of the control treatment (p <0.05). Giving thymol at a dose of 0.3% in feed can increase the growth performance of catfish
Keyword: Catfish, Growth performance, Thymol

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite