Judul: Analisis normalized difference wetness index (ndwi) dengan menggunakan data citra satelit landsat 5 tm (studi kasus : provinsi jambi path/row :125/61)
Abstrak: Interpretasi kelembaban lahan dan vegetasi dengan menggunakan data satelit dapat dilakukan dengan analisis normalized difference wetness index (ndwi) dan normalized difference vegetation index (ndvi).ndwi merupakan indeks yang menunjukkan tingkat kebasahan suatu area sedangkan ndvi adalah tingkat kerapatan vegetasi di suatu area. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan nilaindwi dari data citra satelit landsat tm 5 tahun 1997, 2000, 2009 dan mengetahui pengaruh faktor tutupan vegetasi dan tipe tanah. Ndwi adalah fungsi dari kanal near infrared (nir) dan short wavelength infrared (swir). Nir digunakan dalam identifikasi vegetasi dan juga kandungan biomassa, sedangkan swir mengidentifikasi kelembaban vegetasi dan kelembaban tanah. Panjang gelombang kanal nir adalah 0.76-0.90 μm dan swir adalah 1.55-1.75 μm. Nilai ndwi diklasifikasikan menjadi tiga kelas yaitu kebasahan rendah, kebasahan sedang dan kebasahan tinggi. Di tahun 1997 nilai ndwi di daerah jambi berkisar -0.44-0.52 yang menunjukkan dominan tingkat kebasahan rendah hingga kebasahan sedang, di tahun tersebut terjadinya kebakaran hutan, sehingga kondisi vegetasi juga mempengaruhi tingkat kebasahan di daerah tersebut, nilai ndvi berkisar-0.17-0.46. Nilai ndwi di tahun 2000 berkisar -0.6-0.63, yang mendominasi tingkat kebasahan sedang hingga kebasahan tinggi, di tahun tersebut jumlah titik api sudah berkurang dengan faktor vegetasi yang tinggi(nilai ndvi yaitu -0.389-0.7).sedangakan nilai ndwi di tahun 2009 yaitu berkisar -0.99-0.99 , nilai tersebut menunjukkan tingkat kebasahan pada area tersebut adalah tinggi dengan kondisi vegetasi tingkat kehijauan tinggi dan juga pada kondisi lahan gambut, nilai ndvi di tahun tersebut yaitu -0.99-0.97.pengetahuan tentang nilai ndwi dapat membantu dalam pembangunan pertanian, identifikasi kekeringan , kebakaran lahan dan juga banjir
Keyword: ndvi, ndwi, nir, swir, kebasahan (wetness)

Judul: Penentuan indikator kerawanan kebakaran hutan dan lahan dari data satelit Landsat-5 TM (studi kasus: Provinsi Jambi)
Abstrak: The purpose of this study is to determine indicators in the assessment of forest and land fires vulnerability in Jambi Province. The parameters are Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), surface temperature, and air temperature. There are three scenarios by giving different weights in WLC (Weighted Linear Combination): 1) the same weight of all parameters, 2) weight of NDWI two times greater than the weight of others, and 3) weight of NDVI (0.1) < weight of air temperature (0.2) < weight of surface temperature (0.3) < weight of NDWI (0.4). Enforcement of those three scenarios is aimed to see the consistency of each parameter on fire vulnerability. P-value from t-test of each parameter on each WLC scenarios is all less than significance level (0.05), so that means that all parameters have an influence on fire vulnerability and can be used as indicators. But, partially, NDVI and NDWI provide a greater contribution. It can be seen from the higher determination coefficient (R²) than the air and surface temperature
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), WLC, MODIS, Landsat-5 TM, Forest and land fires vulnerability

Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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