Judul: Characterization and Soil Development on Reclaimed Coal Mine Land at PT Kaltim Prima Coal
Abstrak: Mining activities are part of economic development activities that utilize natural resources and are expected to guarantee the future life. Issues that will arise as a result of mining activity which may result in less negative impact on the environment are in the form of decreased soil productivity, soil compaction, erosion and sedimentation, soil movement/ soil erosion, decrease in biodiversity of flora and fauna as well as changes in microclimate. Reclamation is the end of mining activities are expected to return the land to its original state. The ultimate objective of reclamation is to improve the Quarry to the condition safe, stable and not easily eroded so that it can be recovered. To see how far the influence of the reclamation of soil properties and its development, it is necessary to observe and study in detail the characterization of soil development on reclaimed land, whether it is possible that significant changes to the development of soil formation on land reclamation to the aspect physical, chemical and biological soil properties. The results indicate that the reclamation and increased of age affects the development of land reclamation seen from morphological, physical, chemical, and biological soil properties. Increased age of reclaimed coal mine land causes changes in the morphological soil property, especially on the top layer. The most affected changes of morphological soil properties by increasing age is the color of the land reclamation and the boundaries between layers, especially on the top soil layer due to the effect of adding organic matter. Increased age in the reclaimed land causes changes of soil physical properties, ie increased permeability and soil aggregate stability, but not affect bulk density. Increased age affects the chemical properties of soil reclamation, it is seen by an increase in C-organic, N-total, exchangables Ca and Mg content on topsoil. Changes of the biological soil properties occur until reclaimed coal mine land was 5 years old which in 5th years has the highest of individuals density, diversity indices and biomass.
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Judul: Analisis Sifat Fisik, Kimia, dan Biologi Tanah pada Lahan Reklamasi Bekas Tambang Batubara PT Berau Coal Site Binungan, Kabupaten Berau, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur
Abstrak: Soil degradation becomes the greatest problem of environmental damage due to coal mining, in particular by open pit method. Proper reclamation must be done to repair post mining land so that soil quality can be recovered approaching the original properties. To analyze the results of the reclamation process on physical, chemical, and biological soil properties changes and their development, it is necessary to study the changes of soil properties at different ages post coal mining land reclamation. This research was aimed to identify the changes of physical, chemical, and biological soil properties in relation to increased reclamation age (0, 3, 6, and 9 years old) and compared them to the nearby forest soil properties. This research was conducted in reclaimed post coal mining lands of PT Berau Coal Site Binungan, East Kalimantan Province (aged 0, 3, 6, and 9 years), and native forest. Soil analysis performed at the Laboratory of Chemical and Soil Fertility, Laboratory of Soil Physics, and Laboratory of Soil Biotechnology, Department of Soil Science and Land Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University. The results showed that increasing age causes changes in soil properties of reclaimed land approaching the soil properties of original land. This can be seen on the parameters such as bulk density, infiltration capacity, aluminum saturation, C-organic, total N, base saturation, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), total microbial and fungal, and soil respiration. It is apparent that chemical and biological soil properties on reclaimed land change relatively faster approaching the chemical and biological soil properties of the original land compared to that of physical soil properties.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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