Judul: Studi Histopatologi Kasus Kematian Masal Ikan Lele Dumbo (Clarias gariepinus) di Blitar
Abstrak: Dumbo catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is a species of catfish farming in Indonesia originating from Africa. However, dumbo catfish farming is still have many problem including the mass mortality. Histopathology is one of method to diagnostic fish disease. This report aims to study the histopathological lesion from dumbo catfish mass mortality case at Blitar. The results of this study are expected to provide information about the cause of the mass death in order to prevent the future death in the catfish farming. Histopathology slide of dumbo catfish organs were prepared with hematoxylin eosin (HE), periodic acid Schiff (PAS), Toluidine Blue and Giemsa staining then examined under a light microscope. The lesions were described and the pathogenesis was prepared based on the literature study. There were branchitis, perivascular hepatitis, lymphoid depletion of spleen, enteritis with severe enteromyxosis, cardiomyositis, kidney tubular degeneration, skin and muscular degeneration. The intestine was presumed to have the worst lesion due to myxozoan parasite infection of Enteromyxum spp. The intestinal epithelium showed numerous and various protozoan developmental stages resulting growth disturbances. High fish density accompanied by the discharge of enteritis intestinal content made the decreasing of water quality. In this case, very low dissolved oxygen and high ammonia concentration in the water lead to hypoxia and fish death.
Keyword: Fish mass mortality, Fish histopathology, Fish disease, Enteromyxum spp

Judul: Histology Analysis of Diseased Intestines, Kidneys, and Liver Catfish from Parung, Bogor
Abstrak: Penyakit pada ikan lele budidaya dapat disebabkan oleh faktor non-infeksius maupun faktor infeksius. Kerusakan jaringan seperti usus, ginjal, dan hati dapat menjadi indikator dalam menganalisis penyebab terjadinya kematian ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis histologi usus, ginjal, dan hati penyebab lele budidaya yang sakit dan kematian massal yang berasal dari Parung, Bogor. Lele sehat sebanyak satu ekor dan sakit sebanyak lima ekor yang berasal dari kolam yang sama diambil organ usus, ginjal, dan hati untuk dibuat preparat histologi, dilakukan skoring dan dilanjutkan analisis deskriptif dari gambaran histologi. Gejala klinis dan kerusakan organ yang dialami ikan sakit diduga terinfeksi bakteri patogen yang ditandai dengan adanya nekrosis dan pelebaran muskularis longitudinal usus. Pelebaran muskularis longitudinal tertinggi pada ikan 1 sebesar 82 μm dan nekrosis tertinggi pada organ usus ikan 3 sebesar 2,72 (kerusakan sedang), organ ginjal ikan 5 sebesar 1,76 (kerusakan ringan) dan organ hati ikan 1 sebesar 2,15 (kerusakan sedang). Gejala klinis yang diterjadi diduga berhubungan dengan penyakit kuning., Diseases in cultured catfish can be caused by non-infectious and infectious factors. Tissue damage such as intestines, kidneys, and liver can be an indicator in analyzing the caused of fish died. This study aims to analyze the histology of the intestines, kidneys, and liver causes that cause desease andf and mass mortality from Parung, Bogor. One healthy catfish and five sick catfish from the same pond were taken the intestinal organs, kidneys, and livers to make histological, scoring and descriptive analysis of the histological picture. Clinical symptoms and organ damage by fish suspected of being infected with pathogenic bacteria are characterized by intestine longitudinal muscularis dilation and necrosis. The highest longitudinal muscularis dilation in fish 1 was 82 μm and the highest necrosis in the intestinal organs of fish 3 of 2,72 (moderate damage), kidney organ of fish 5 of 1,76 (mild damage) and liver of fish 1 of 2,15 (moderate damage). Clinical symptoms that occur were suspected to be associated with jaundice.
Keyword: bacteria, catfish, histology, necrosis

Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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