Judul: Dampak Hidrodinamika Terhadap Sebaran Daerah Penangkapan Tenggiri Batang (Scomberomorus commerson) di Perairan Kepulauan Riau
Abstrak: Narrow-barred Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson) is an exportable fish captured by gillnet fishing fleets from Bintan Regency. The fleets are operated in the Kepulauan Riau waters but information on their activities is limited. Such information is important to the institution the Agency for Marine and Fisheries Affairs of Archipelagic Riau Province for ensuring the sustainability of the fisheries from both economic and biological perspectives. This study aims to determine the spatial-temporal distributions of the mackerel fishing grounds along the year with reference to the capture data, sea surface temperatures, chlorophyll-a concentrations, and salinities in the last 4 months of 2022. This study analyzed data from a fish export company PT AK and Bintan Intan Gemilang (BIG), Pengawasan Sumber Daya Kelautan Perikanan (PSDKP) office at Tanjungpinang, Bintan, interviews of fishers affiliated with 44 fishing boat samples, and satellite-based marine data. Analysis on the simple moving average (SMA), monthly productivity index (MPI) and overlay optimum marine conditions for the mackerels were carried out to determine prospects of five recognized fishing grounds at Natuna, Anambas, Tambelan, Lingga dan Bangka. The results showed that Narrow-barred Spanish mackerel in Riau Islands waters, especially Bintan Regency, were caught predominantly with gillnet gear with a size of 10-30 GT. Monthly production of bar mackerel in the 2018-2022 period ranged from 10-105 tons/; from monthly fishing effort of 24-188 trips; with monthly productivity of 0.4-1.1 tons/trip. Oceanographic conditions where mackerels are caught are sea surface temperature 27.50-31.00℃, chlorophyll-a 0.1-0.6mg/m³ and salinity 32.00-33.50‰. While the optimum values for catchable/exportable Narrow-barred Spanish mackerel with are sea surface temperature 29.00-30.00℃, chlorophyll-a L 0.10-0.40mg/m³ and salinity 32.00-33.00‰. August to November the four DPIs of Natuna, Anambas, Tambelan and Bangka are very potential for fishing, in contrast to Lingga which is only potential from February-June. The long fishing season is in Bangka waters (11 months). The spatio-temporal trend shows north-south-north changes in fishing grounds associated with regional climate such as monsoon winds. The spatial- temporal patterns of the prospective fishing grounds for the mackerels can be used by the Agency for Marine and Fisheries Affairs to forecast the fluctuation of landings of the mackerels. The landings are expected to be high from September to December, medium from June to August, and low from January to May. The fisheries during the period of August to November is expected to be busy, i.e., more fishing trips for the mackerels. In the implementation of the Precision Fisheries, the agency can estimate the amount of national income other than tax more precisely. The fish exporters, can predict the fluctuation of landings of the mackerels so they can inform their customers overseas with more precise information on the supply for mackerels.
Keyword: Hidrodinamika, Kepulauan Riau, Tenggiri

Judul: Spatial Temporal Distribution of Female  Short Mackerel (Rastrelliger brachysoma, Bleeker, 1851) in WPP 712 Based on e Logbook
Abstrak: Ikan kembung perempuan (Rastrelliger branhyosoma) merupakan salah satu jenis ikan ekonomis penting yang umum ditangkap di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan Republik Indonesia (WPPNRI) 712. Penelitian ini berfokus pada wilayah WPP 712 dengan menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari e-logbook Sistem Informasi Logbook Penangkapan Ikan (SILOPI) Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan Republik Indonesia. Penangkapan ikan kembung yang dilakukan nelayan menggunakan 12 jenis alat tangkap dengan alat tangkap dominan yang digunakan adalah pukat cincin. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) ikan kembung perempuan di WPP 712 selama 5 tahun terakhir memiliki nilai yang fluktuatif dan cenderung menurun. Analisis model produksi surplus (MPS) yang dilakukan dengan 5 macam model menujukan model Clarke Yhosimoto Pooley dengan koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 81,55% sebagai model yang paling menggambarkan kondisi sesungguhnya. Status stok ikan kembung perempuan dalam kurun waktu 5 tahun terakhir tergolong underfishing. Distribusi daerah penangkapan secara spasial dan temporal selalu mengalami perubahan dengan dominasi lokasi penangkapan berada di bagian utara pekalongan., The female Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger branhyosoma) is one of the economically important fish species commonly caught in the Republic of Indonesia Fisheries Management Area (WPPNRI) 712. This study focuses on the WPP 712 area using secondary data obtained from the e-logbook of the Fishing Logbook Information System (SILOPI) of the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia. Mackerel fishing by fishermen uses 12 types of fishing gear with the dominant gear used is purse seine. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) of female mackerel in WPP 712 for the last 5 years has a fluctuating value and tends to decrease. Analysis of the production surplus model (MPS) conducted with 5 different models showed the Clarke Yhosimoto Pooley model with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 81.55% as the model that best describes the real conditions. The stock status of female mackerel in the last 5 years is classified as underfishing. The spatial and temporal distribution of fishing areas always changes with the dominance of fishing locations in the northern part of Pekalongan.
Keyword: fishing grounds, fishing gear, stock status, female mackerel, WPP 712

Judul: Sintesis Flavonol melalui 2’-Hidroksikalkon
Abstrak: Flavonol is a class of flavonoids commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Flavonol is very useful, especially in food sector and health. In this study, flavonol unsubstituted was successfully synthesized from an intermediate material 2’-hydroxychalcone. The 2’-hydroxychalcone was synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation method between o-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde using 4 different catalysts, namely KOH 60%, solid pellet of KOH-grinding technique, BF3-Et2O, and NaH in DMF. The KOH 60% was the best catalyst, giving the highest yield (57%). Afterward, the flavonol was synthesized in 1-stage oxidation cyclization of o-hydroxyacetophenone using Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction, giving 76%. The flavonol total yield from 2’-hydroxychalcone was 43%. All synthesized products were characterized by their melting points and their spectra. The success of the synthesis flavonol opens the way to synthesis of useful flavonol derivatives such as quercetin and kaempferol.
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