Judul: Penentuan Laju Pengeringan Beku Buah Durian Berdasarkan Plot Data Semi Logaritmik
Abstrak: Buah durian memiliki nilai ekonomis yang cukup tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan buah-buahan lainnya, akan tetapi buah durian tidak dapat disimpan terlalu lama karena cepat membusuk Umur simpan buah durian yang pendek serta melimpahnya buah durian pada waktu panen merupakan momentum untuk melakukan diversifikasi produk.
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Judul: Analisis pemasaran dan kelayakan usaha pembibitan dan perkebunan durian: Studi kasus di Kabupaten Jepara, Jawa Tengah dan Warso Farm, Desa Cihideung, Kecamatan Cijeruk, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Diantara komoditas buah-buahan, durian memiliki prospek pengembangan yang cukup baik di Indonesia. Namun pengembangan budidaya tanaman durian dalam bentuk perkebunan masih jarang dilakukan. Perkebunan durian dapat menimbulkan usaha-usaha baru di bidang pembibitan baik secara tradisional maupun modem. Berdasarkan uraian tersebut, maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengkaji keragaan penangkar durian tradisional dan modem, (2) menganalisis kelayakan finansial dan ekonomi usaha pembibitan penangkar durian tradisional dan modern untuk menunjang pengembangan agribisnis dan pembuatan kebun durian, dan (3) menganalisis kelayakan finansial dan ekonomi perkebunan durian. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah "Analisis Pemasaran" yang meliputi saluran pemasaran, struh.iur pasar dan mrujin pemasaran serta "Analisis Kelayakan". Data yang digunakan merupakan data primer dan sekunder yang diperoleh dari kuisioner dan pengamatan langsung serta data dari instansi terkait. Dari data sekunder diketahui bahwa secara keseluruhan luas areal panen durian pada tahun 1988 - 1995 di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan jumlah pohon sebesar 14.48 persen per tahun, luas panen sebesar 8.82 persen per tahun dan produksi sebesar 13.88 persen per tahun. Sedangkan rata-rata konsumsi durian
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Judul: Bivalent vaccine for Motile Aeromonas Septicemia and Streptococcocis in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Abstrak: Etiological agents of common fish diseases are the Gram-negative Aeromonas hydrophila and the Gram-positive Streptococcus agalactiae, both are considered severe fish pathogens on account of their ability to cause damaging disease outbreaks in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The occurence of co-infections between A. hydrophila and S. agalactiae at Waduk Cirata was about 20% per populations. Clinical signs appeared soon after infection, and include depression or excitability, anorexia, C-shaped body posturing, erratic swimming and whirling, and death. Aeromonas hydrophila and S. agalactiae cultures were not able to inhibit each other and showed negative results from antimicrobial activity, both are succeptible to antibitoics Tetracycline and Chloramphenicol. Nile Tilapia also were clinically examined and necropsied for histopathology, samples were taken from kidney, brain, liver, and spleen. Histopathological lesions were grouped into two characteristic patterns. The first pattern consisted focal lesion and inflammation. The second pattern consisted of multifocal lesion, necrotic, and inflammatory lesions resulting organ deformation. The mortality patterns of Nile Tilapias showed acute and chronic infections to Motile Aeromonas Septicemia, sub-acute infection to Streptococcocis. There was a homeostatic balances on hematological respons during co-infection. Aeromonas hydrophila AHL0905-2 and Streptococcus agalactiae N14G, were used as an inactivated A. hydrophila and S. agalactiae vaccine. Different vaccine preparations and formulations for vaccination of Nile Tilapia species were tried by adding neutral buffered formalin 3% to the bacterial culture (bacterin). The safety of formalin inactivated vaccine is still questionable by some aquaculture practitioners, but the sterility and safety test results of the bivalent vaccine was safe to use through intraperitoneal injection route. An antibody response was detected at the 1st week that rose significantly (p<0.05) at the 3th week post immunization in all the immunized groups. Similarly, there were significant difference (p<0.05) in the humoral immune response between groups immunized with single and mixed bacterial antigens. Upon challenge with single pathogen, a high relative percent survival was recorded in the group immunized with mixed bacterial antigens and was comparable to those fish immunized with the single bacteria. The value of relative per cent survival from bivalent vaccine mixed whole cell+ECP was 100% and 86.2% to single infections and 56.7% to co-infections, indicate that this vaccine was eficient in Nile Tilapia.
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