Judul: Kajian Paparan Bisphenol-A dari Botol Susu Polikarbonat dalam ASI dan Air pada Bayi
Abstrak: Polycarbonate bottles milk is one of the packaging used to store breast milk. Polycarbonate is the result of polymerization of phosgene and bisphenol A (BPA) that can make plastic to be more transparent, stronger and moreimpact resistant. BPA is carcinogenic and then it can give bad damage for human health even if it is used in very small doses. The study was conducted to determine distribution of respondents who use polycarbonate bottles in Indonesia. It is also to find the effect of bottles pre-treatment before use, including method of sterilization, time and temperature to store the milk and method of milk preparing. Data of the average of baby food intake and baby drinking frequency was recorded and the value of the existing BPA exposure was estimated. From the calculated, it is known that the value of BPA exposure is about 0,00005 mg/kg body weight / day and 0,000002 mg/kg body weight / day for into breast milk water respectively. This value is still below standard tolerances established by the International European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) in 2006 amounted to 0,05 mg / kg body weight / day as Tolerable Daily Intake.
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Judul: Kajian Paparan Bisfenol-A (BPA) Dari Botol Susu Polikarbonat Pada Bayi. Studi Kasus : Wilayah DKI Jakarta
Abstrak: Polycarbonate (PC) has become one of the most popular choice as acontainer/food packaging plastic for baby milk bottles. This plastic is made by bisphenol-A (BPA) as a binder to improve plastic properties of a hard, clear, and light. However, behind the advantages, the reversed and the use of the polycarbonate as a raw material of bottle, stores hazard for human health. BPA is small molecule and carcinogenic. This compound is easily off or leach from the polymer matrix and then migrate to the food package. The study was conducted to determine the value of the average daily intake of BPA from baby milk bottle made from PC in Jakarta capital area. The Babies are in the zero month until three years old. It was also to estimate exposure value of the bisphenol-A and compared it with the value of the TDI (Tolerable Daily Intake). The data of food consumption, chemical level in food and baby weight were obtained by respondent survey in food consumption. Furthermore, all three of these data were used as the basis for exposure calculation. This value and then was evaluated against TDI. This study resulted on estimated value of exposure of the population was 0.0023 mg bisphenol-A/body weight/day. This number is still less than TDI (Tolerable Daily Intake) allowed by Food and Drugs Administration U.S (FDA) as much as 0.05 mg polycarbonate/body weight/day.
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Judul: The Solution of Nonlinear Volterra Integral Equation using Linearization Method.
Abstrak: Many natural phenomena can be explained by mathematical models. One of those models is in the form of Volterra integral equation, which is usually nonlinear. Analitically, a nonlinear form is difficult to solve. Therefore, this research is aimed to discuss solution of Volterra integral equation using linearization method. Linearization is done to nonlinear integrand with Taylor series expansion. According to this linearization, a numerical solution of Volterra integral equation is obtained using MATLAB 7.0.1 software. Validity of this method is tested by comparing the approximate with the exact solution. The result of this research shows that the numerical solution agree with the exact solution quite well.
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