Judul: Penapisan bakteri penghasil senyawa antimikrob yang berasosiasi dengan spons Haliclona sp. dan deteksi gen penyandi poliketida sintase dan peptida sintase nonribosom
Abstrak: Sponges are classified in the Porifera phylum have the ability to symbiosis with microorganisms. The symbiont produced useful natural products such as polyketides and nonribosomal peptides that possessed antimicrobial activities. Each polyketide and non-ribosomal peptide are synthesized by the Polyketide Synthase (PKS) dan Non-Ribosomal Peptide Synthase (NRPS) gene. Both of them are multifunctional enzymes that involved in the biosynthesis bioactive compounds that are important in pharmaceutical and other industries.The aims of study was to screened the bacteria producing antimicrobial compounds which is associated with sponge and detect the genes that play a role in the biosynthesis of bioactive compounds. A total of 18 isolates bacteria that associated with Haliclona sp. was tested their antimicrobial activity and finally 12 isolates bacteria that inhibited four pathogenic bacteria growth that consist of Staphylococcus aureus, Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio harveyi, and two non-pathogenic bacteria that consist of Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and the two pathogenic fungus Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis. Detection of PKS and NRPS encoding gene performed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using specific primers, producing 700 bp and 1000 bp amplicon. One isolate that possessed the best antimicrobial activities and both of PKS and NRPS gene which is Iso 10 are selected for homology test. DNA fragment from Iso 10 KS genome (700 bp) that have been successfully cloned into plasmid pGEMT and sequenced and its homology with other KS domain sequences of about 49-51%.
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Judul: Toksisitas Ekstrak Senyawa Bioaktif dari Bakteri yang Berasosiasi dengan Spons dan Analisis DNA yang Berperan dalam Biosintesisnya
Abstrak: Sponges are organisms that produced many bioactive compounds and live symbiotically with many microorganisms. Symbiont microorganisms act as producers of bioactive compounds for sponge self-defense. This study aims to test the toxicity of the ethyl acetate extract sponge-associated bacteria against Artemia salina larvae and diversity analysis of DNA that play a role in the synthesis of bioactive compounds. BSLT was used as toxicity assay method and obtained LC50 values ranged from 117.1 μg/mL to 620 μg/mL. Fractionation of the ethyl acetate extract for isolates SAB E-35, SAB E-38 and SAB E-40 using preparative thin layer chromatography technique (PTLC) yielded fraction with the best LC50 value 116.7 μg/mL. Fraction 38-E of isolate SAB E-38 showed increase in LC50 value from its etyl acetat extract 138.6 μg/mL to 116.7 μg/mL. Isolates SAB E-35, SAB E-38, and SAB E-40 has gene that encoded the KS domain of PKS and A domain of NRPS with homology percentage from 47% to 100%. SAB E-40 has low homology and expected as potential producer of new bioactive compounds
Keyword: toxicity, sponge-associated bacteria, PKS, NRPS

Judul: Jagorawi Toll Highway's Traffic Accident (1996-1997
Abstrak: Jalan tol Jagorawi adalah jalan tol yang pertama dibangun di Indonesia, menghubungkan antara Jakarta, Bogor dan Ciawi. Jalan tol telah dirancang sedemikian rupa untuk memberi keamanan bagi pemakai jalan, namun kenyataan yang ada memperlihatkan jumlah kecelakaan lalu lintas yang terjadi cukup besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran kecelakaan lalu lintas di jalan tol Jagorawi mengenai jalur dan ruas tempat kejadian, hari, waktu, serta cuaca saat kecelakaan terjadi. Hasil perhitungan memperlihatkan tingkat kecelakaan di jalur yang menuju arah Jakarta lebih tinggi daripada arah meninggalkan Jakarta. Pada setiap ruas di setiap jalur, tingkat kecelakaan yang mengakibatkan luka-luka jauh lebih tinggi daripada tingkat kecelakaan tanpa korban; namun belum bisa ditentukan ruas mana yang paling berbahaya karena belum ditemui adanya pola tertentu yang khas dari angka-angka hasil perhitungan tingkat kecelakaan per ruas yang ada. Frekuensi kecelakaan di hari Sabtu dan Minggu lebih tinggi dari hari-hari lain, untuk hari Sabtu frekuensi kecelakaan pada jalur yang meninggalkan Jakarta lebih tinggi sedangkan di hari Minggu lebih tinggi pada jalur menuju arah Jakarta. Kecelakaan lebih banyak terjadi pada siang hari, namun kecelakaan fatal lebih banyak terjadi di malam hari. Sebagian besar kecelakaan di jalan tol Jagorawi terjadi pada saat cuaca cerah, di alinemen jalan yang lurus dengan permukaan jalan yang kering.
Keyword: tingkat kecelakaan, statistika deskriptif, uji khi kuadrat