Judul: Analisis pemasaran ternak sapi potong di kabupaten Blora Jawa Tengah
Abstrak: Pemasaran mempunyai peranan mendistribusikan ternak sapi potong dari sentra produksi ke titik konsumsi. Petani Peternak sebagai produsen selalu digambarkan sebagai pihak yang lemah dan terkalahkan dalam memasarkan ternak sapi. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai pemasaran temak sapi potong di Kabupaten Blora Jawa Tengah. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mempelajari saluran pemasaran dan fungsi- fungsi pemasaran serta mengukur biaya dan marjin pemasaran ternak sapi potong di Kabupaten Blora. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Sebanyak 60 responden petani peternak diambil secara sengaja dari empat kecamatan yang mempunyai jumlah populasi ternak sapi potong dalam kategori besar, sedang dan kecil serta jaraknya dengan kota kabupaten yang dikatagorikan jauh, sedang dan dekat. Responden lembaga pemasaran yang diambil secara sengaja yaitu 7 orang pedagang lokal. 3 orang pedagang regional, 2 orang pedagang besar dan 5 orang pedagang pemotong. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat empat pola saluran pemasaran ternak sapi potong di Kabupaten Blora yaitu: (1) petani peternak - pedagang lokal pedagang pemotong, (2) petani peternak - pedagang lokal -- pedagang regional pedagang pemotong, (3) petani peternak pedagang lokal -- pedagang besar, (4) petani peternak pedagang lokal pedagang regional pedagang besar. 100% petani peternak responden menjual sapinya kepada pedagang lokal, pedagang lokal responden sebanyak 50% menjualnya kepada pedagang regional dan masing-masing sebanyak 25% menjualnya kepada pedagang besar dan pedagang pemotong. pedagang regional responden sebanyak 25% menjualnya kepada pedagang pemotong dan sisanya dijual kepada pedagang besar. Sedangkan pedagang pemotong sekaligus bertindak sebagai pengecer daging.
Keyword: Beef cattle

Judul: Analisis Inklusivitas Peternak pada Rantai Nilai Sapi Potong di Kabupaten Blora Jawa Tengah
Abstrak: Kabupaten Blora memiliki populasi sapi terbesar di Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Mayoritas peternak adalah usaha ternak tingkat rumah tangga (peternak kecil). Namun dalam menjalankan kegiatan usahanya, keterlibatan peternak kecil belum optimal dalam rantai nilai sapi potong. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan model bisnis inklusif yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis inklusivitas peternak dengan link methodology, menganalisis faktor-faktor inklusivitas dan strategi untuk peningkatannya. Responden dipilih berdasarkan sensus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rantai nilai cukup kompleks, inklusivitas peternak masih rendah pada tata kelola sesuai standar dan transparan, inovasi inklusif dan pengukuran hasil. Menghasilkan enam faktor baru yang terbentuk yaitu kinerja dan inovasi peternak, keterhubungan dengan pasar, dukungan layanan non finansial, kolaborasi rantai nilai, dukungan finansial, dan pengukuran hasil. Alternatif strategi perbaikan dengan peningkatan proses dan fungsional, menghindari model bisnis eksklusif, mengelola bisnis secara strategis, meningkatkan koordinasi business-to-business, dan menanggapi kebutuhan pasar., Blora Regency has the largest cattle population in Central Java Province. The majority of farmers are household-level livestock businesses (smallholders). However, in carrying out their business activities, the involvement of small farmers are not optimal in the value chain. Therefore, this study uses an inclusive business model approach aimed at analyzing the inclusiveness of breeders with a link methodology as well as identifying inclusiveness factors and strategies for improving them. Respondents were selected based on the census. The results of the study show that the value chain is quite complex, the inclusiveness of farmer is still low in standardized and transparent governance, inclusive innovation and outcome measurement. Resulting in six new factors being formed farmer performance and innovation, market linkages, non-financial service support, value chain collaboration, financial support, and outcome measurement. The alternative strategies with process and functional improvements, avoiding exclusive business models, managing business strategically, improving business-to-business coordination, and responding to market needs.
Keyword: inclusive business, link methodology, smallholders, value chain

Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell