Judul: Kloning Gen Penyandi Adp-Glukosa Pirofosforilase Dari Tanaman Sagu (Metroxylon Sagu Rottb.)
Abstrak: Tanaman sagu merupakan tanaman penghasil pati yang sangat potensial karena merupakan tanaman penghasil karbohidrat tertinggi. ADP-glukosa pirofosforilase adalah salah satu enzim yang berperan penting dalam biosintesis pati, sehingga aktivitas enzim ini mempengaruhi rendemen pati yang dihasilkan. Penelitian bertujuan mengisolasi dan mengklon gen AGP dari jaringan tanaman sagu ke dalam E. coli XL1-blue dengan vektor pGEM-T Easy. Fragmen gen target diamplifikasi dari cDNA yang berasal dari mRNA jaringan tanaman sagu dengan teknik Reverse Transcription-PCR menggunakan primer AGP-MS2. Gen AGP target diligasi pada plasmid pGEM-T Easy dengan bantuan enzim T4 ligase. Plasmid rekombinan ditransformasi dengan metode kejutan panas pada sel E. coli XL1-blue dan diseleksi menggunakan medium LB agar yang mengandung ampisilin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa amplifikasi gen AGP dengan primer AGP-MS2 menghasilkan amplikon berukuran ±1700 pb, dan gen AGP hasil amplifikasi telah berhasil diklon ke dalam plasmid pGEM-T Easy .
Keyword: Metroxylon sago, gen AGP, isolasi gen, kloning, E. coli XL1-blue, vektor pGEM- T Easy

Judul: Analisis Ekspresi Gen ADP-Glukosa Pirofosforilase pada Tanaman Sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) Rendemen Pati Tinggi dan Rendah.
Abstrak: Tanaman sagu merupakan tanaman penghasil pati yang cukup banyak tersedia di Indonesia. Tanaman ini dapat dijadikan sumber pati yang potensial untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dunia akan pati yang terus meningkat dalam beberapa dasawarsa terakhir, namun penelitian mengenai pemuliaan tanaman sagu masih belum banyak dikaji. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi perbedaan ekspresi gen penyandi ADP-Glukosa Pirofosforilase pada tanaman sagu rendemen pati tinggi dan tanaman sagu rendemen pati rendah. Metode yang digunakan meliputi isolasi RNA, tahapan DNase, Reverse Transciptase PCR, dan analisis sekuen DNA.Hasil isolasi RNA yang diperoleh cukup baik, yaitu berkisar antara 619.9-1353.0 ng/μL. Ekspresi gen ADP-glukosa pirofosforilase diamati pada elektroforegram hasil amplifikasi DNA dengan menggunakan dua pasang primer, yaitu AGP S-2 dan AGP L-19. Pita DNA yang dihasilkan oleh daun tua maupun daun muda rendemen pati tinggi memiliki intensitas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan daun tua ataupun daun muda rendemen pati rendah. Dengan kata lain, ekspresi gen ADP-glukosa pirofosforilase berkorelasi atau berbanding lurus dengan rendemen pati sagu. Hasil analisis sekuen diperoleh bahwa gen yang diamplifikasi memiliki kemiripan sebesar 99 % dengan ADP-glukosa pirofosforilase subunit besar dari tanaman sagu.
Keyword: ADP-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase, gene expression, starch yield, sago

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite