Judul: Morphological and Anatomical Characterization, Development of Test Methods for Germination, and Quality after Storage in Wild Banana Seeds
Abstrak: Daya kecambah yang rendah, tingginya tingkat keragaman pertumbuhan kecambah, dan metode uji daya kecambah yang tidak ada menjadi kendala dalam daya berkecambah biji pisang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari mengenai karakterisasi morfologi dan anatomi benih pisang dari beberapa aksesi, dan pengujian pengembangan metode uji daya berkecambah untuk mendapatkan metode uji yang tepat dan mengetahui mutu benih pisang untuk mengetahui viabilitas dan vigor benih yang telah disimpan. Penelitian terdiri atas empat percobaan yaitu (1) karakterisasi morfologi dan anatomi benih beberapa aksesi pisang liar, (2) penetapan pengamatan pertama (first count) dan pengamatan kedua (final count) pada metode uji daya berkecambah benih pisang, (3) pengembangan metode uji daya berkecambah lima aksesi benih pisang, dan (4) mutu benih pisang aksesi Klutuk NTT dan Sumatrana setelah disimpan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa Karakterisasi morfologi benih pisang SPN 001, LNT 001, DMS 001, Microkarpa, SGR 001, Musa balbisiana aksesi Klutuk NTT, Musa acuminata aksesi Sumatrana memiliki diameter benih berkisar antara 4-6.6 mm. Karakterisasi anatomi benih pisang aksesi SPN 001, LNT 001, DMS 001, Microcarpa, SGR 001, Musa balbisiana aksesi Klutuk NTT, dan Musa acuminata aksesi Sumatrana memiliki bagian yaitu kulit benih, endosperm, embrio, mikrofil, integumen dalam dan luar, chalazal, dan operkulum. Embrio benih pisang berbentuk huruf T terbalik. Metode uji daya berkecambah benih pisang liar dilakukan dengan pengamatan pertama hari ke-16 dan pengamatan kedua hari ke-26 setelah tanam. Metode uji dengan cahaya penuh (100%) dan kelembaban media 70-90% pada aksesi SPN 001 dan LNT 001 menghasilkan daya berkecambah 70.80-88.80%. Metode uji dengan cahaya rendah (50%) dan kelembaban media 90% pada aksesi Microcarpa, DMS 001, dan SGR 001 mengahasilkan daya berkecambah 4.00-42.40%. Mutu benih pada peubah kadar air, daya berkecambah, indeks vigor, dan keserempakan tumbuh pada aksesi Klutuk NTT mengalami peningkatan setelah disimpan dan pada aksesi Sumatrana mengalami penurunan viabilitas benih setelah disimpan 41 bulan. Daya berkecambah pada benih aksesi Klutuk NTT yang telah disimpan selama 41 bulan sebesar 79.2% dan daya berkecambah pada benih aksesi Sumatrana yang telah disimpan selama 5 bulan memiliki daya berkecambah sebesar 97.6%, sedangkan benih yang telah disimpan selama 41 bulan sebesar 18%., Low germination, high variability of germination, and the absence of germination test methods are obstacles in banana seed germination. The purpose of this research is to learn about the morphological and anatomical characterization of banana seeds from several accessions, and test the development of germination test methods to obtain the proper test method and determine the quality of banana seeds to determine the viability and vigor of seeds that have been stored. The research consisted of four experiments, that is (1) morphological and anatomical characterization of seeds of several wild banana accessions, (2) determination of the first count and final count in the banana seed germination test method, (3) development of a germination test method for five banana seed accessions, and (4) quality of banana seeds of Klutuk NTT and Sumatrana accessions after storage. The results of the experiment showed that the morphological characterization of banana seeds SPN 001, LNT 001, DMS 001, Microcarpa, SGR 001, Musa balbisiana accession Klutuk NTT, Musa acuminata accession Sumatrana had a seed diameter ranging
Keyword: cahaya, kelembaban, true seed, viabilitas, vigor

Judul: Postharvest Character Study of Tanduk Banana (Musa paradisiaca, Group AAB) for Optimization of Heat Unit as a Measurable Harvest Criterion
Abstrak: Pisang, selain menjadi bahan pangan, memiliki arti yang penting bagi Indonesia karena memiliki nilai budaya dan sosio-ekonomi. Pisang memiliki keunggulan sebagai komoditas yang relatif mudah dan murah untuk dibudidayakan. Buah pisang mudah diolah dan dikonsumsi oleh rumah tangga. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk menilai ketepatan umur panen berdasarkan hari setelah antesis (HSA) yang dikonversi ke satuan panas sebagai kriteria panen terukur untuk pisang Tanduk. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Sukamantri, Bogor, Jawa Barat pada ketinggian 550 meter di atas permukaan laut sejak bulan Januari 2020 hingga Mei 2020. Pengujian kualitas pascapanen pisang Tanduk dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Pascapanen, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor hingga bulan Agustus 2020. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 5 ulangan untuk menguji 5 umur panen: 50, 55, 60, 65, dan 70 HSA. Umur panen tersebut setara dengan akumulasi satuan panas: 965, 1067, 1134, 1201, dan 1297 ˚C hari. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan umur panen tidak mempengaruhi umur peram, kualitas fisik, dan kualitas kimia buah pisang Tanduk, kecuali susut bobot buah., Banana, aside from being a food ingredient, is important to Indonesia because it has cultural and socio-economic value. Banana has the advantage of being a commodity that is relatively easy and inexpensive to be cultivated. The fruit is not difficult to be processed and consumed by the household. This research is done to evaluate the accuracy of harvest using days after anthesis (DAA) converted into heat unit as the measurable harvest criteria for Horn banana. The experiment was carried out in Sukamantri Experimental Plantation, Bogor, West Java at an altitude of 550 m above sea level from January 2020 to May 2020. Postharvest quality testing of Horn bananas was carried out in Postharvest Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Agricultural Faculty, IPB University until August 2020. This research was conducted in a completely randomized design with 5 replications to test 5 harvest ages: 50, 55, 60, 65, and 70 DAA. Those harvest ages are equivalent to the accumulated heat unit of: 965, 1067, 1134, 1201, and 1297 ˚C day. Experimental results show that difference in harvest age did not affect storage life, physical qualities, and chemical qualities, except for fruit weight loss.
Keyword: antesis, hari setelah antesis, pascapanen, susut bobot, umur peram, anthesis, days after anthesis, post-harvest, storage life, weight loss

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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