Judul: Population abundance, biology and management of pineapple Mealybug Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) at Jalancagak district, Subang regency
Abstrak: Melybug Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockrell) is an important pest of pineapple (Ananas comosus (Linn.) Merr.) with its role as vector of pineaplle mealybug wilt associated virus (PMWaV). This research stdy consist of pineapple farming by farmer, population abundance of D. brevipes on several areas, biology of mealybug on two host plants and mealybug management with three cultural practices. The research was conducted from March 2006 until June 2008.
Keyword: Mealybug, Dysmicoccus brevipes biology, Population abundance, Pineapple wilt disease, PMWaV, Cultural practice, Plant protection

Judul: Identification of Viruses Cause Pineapple Mealybug Wilt Disease on Pineapple Clone 7350 and Clone MD2 in Blitar Regency, East Java
Abstrak: Nanas (Ananas comosus L. Merr) merupakan salah satu komoditas ekspor penting di Indonesia. Namun, produksinya terkendala oleh infeksi patogen, termasuk virus. Baru-baru ini, survei lapangan di area produksi nanas di Kabupaten Blitar menemukan gejala mirip infeksi virus seperti daun kemerahan bercampur dengan klorosis dan ujung daun nekrotik dengan kejadian hingga 50% pada klon 7350. Penyakit ini telah diketahui menginfeksi nanas. Namun sampai saat ini identitas genetik virus penyebab penyakit layu mealybug di Indonesia masih terbatas. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendeteksi dan mengidentifikasi spesies virus yang berasosiasi dengan penyakit layu nanas di Kabupaten Blitar. Total RNA diekstraksi dan dideteksi dengan One-Step RT-PCR menggunakan primer universal Ampelovirus, primer spesifik dari pineapple mealybug wilt-associated virus (PMWaV) 1 dan 2. Sampel positif kemudian dikonfirmasi dengan analisis runutan nukleotida. PMWaV-1 dan -2 berhasil diamplifikasimenggunakan primer spesifik pada klon 7350 dan tidak ada sampel yang terdeteksi menggunakan primer universal Ampelovirus. Di sisi lain, semua pasang primer tidak mendeteksi virus target pada klon MD2, menunjukkan gejala klorosis mungkin disebabkan oleh patogen lain. Urutan parsial gen HSP70 mengkonfirmasi keberadaan kedua spesies virus. Isolat PMWaV-1 Blitar memiliki kesamaan tertinggi (100%) nukleotida dan asam amino dengan isolat dari Taiwan dan Meksiko. Selain itu, isolat PMWaV-2 Blitar menunjukkan homologi masing-masing 99% dan 100% untuk kesamaan nukleotida dan asam amino, dengan isolat dari Taiwan, Mauritius, Kuba, dan Ghana. Hasil dari penelitian ini memastikan adanya dua spesies virus (PMWaV-1 dan -2) yang menyebabkan penyakit layu mealybug., Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr) is one of the essential export commodities in Indonesia. However, virus infection causes significant yield loss. Current field survey at a pineapple production area in Blitar Regency found virus-like infection symptoms such as leaf reddish intermingle with chlorosis and necrotic leaf tips on clone 7350 and MD2 with incidence 50% and 3%, respectively. To date, there was still few information of viruses infecting pineapple in Indonesia. The aim of this study is to identify the virus species associated with mealybug wilt pineapple disease in Blitar Regency. Total RNA was extracted then detected through one-step RT-PCR method using three primer sets, including a universal primer of Ampelovirus and two specific primer pairs (PMWaV-1 and -2). Positive samples then were confirmed by nucleotide sequencing. The PMWaV-1 and PMWaV-2 were successfully amplified using specific primers on clone 7350 and there were no samples detected using Ampelovirus universal primers. In the other hand, all the primer sets did not detect any virus target on clone MD2, indicating chlorosis symptom might be caused by other pathogens. Partial sequences of the HSP70 gene confirmed the existence of both virus species. The PMWaV-1 Blitar isolates shared the highest similarities (100%) of nucleotide and amino acid with isolates from Taiwan and Mexico, respectively. Moreover, the PMWaV-2 Blitar isolates shared 99% and 100% similarities of nucleotide and amino acid, respectively with isolates form Taiwan, Mauritius, Cuba, and Ghana. The finding of this study confirmed the existence of two viruses (PMWaV-1 and -2) causing pineapple mealybug wilt disease.
Keyword: Ampelovirus, Ananas comosus, HSP70, PMWaV, RT-PCR

Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4