Judul: Agronomic and Physiological Character Responses by UV-B onh Shallots of the Lokananta Variety.
Abstrak: Bawang merah merupakan komoditas yang populer di masyarakat sebagai bahan masakan. Bawang merah memiliki potensi ekonomis karena permintaannya yang tinggi. Budidaya bawang seringkali dihadapkan dengan cekaman biotik ataupun abiotik. Penyinaran UV-B bertujuan untuk menginduksi ketahanan melalui respons morfologis dan fisiologis. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo pada Desember 2023 hingga Maret 2024. Faktor yang digunakan terdiri dari intensitas 1 dan 3 lampu serta durasi penyinaran 30 menit dan 150 menit. Perlakuan 0 menit dan 0 lampu digunakan sebagai control. Penyinaran UV-B tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap karakter tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun serta komponen hasil (bobot umbi, diameter umbi, bobot basah dan bobot kering brangkasan). Kandungan fruktosa pada 4 Minggu Setelah Pindah (MSP) dan insidensi penyakit minggu ke-8 memberikan pengaruh nyata pada penggunaan 3 lampu. UV-B tidak memberikan pengaruh yang sangat nyata terhadap vegetatif dan komponen hasil bawang merah. Akan tetapi, penyinaran UV-B meningkatkan produktivitas dan menurunkan persentase jumlah tanaman yang terserang daripada kontrol., Shallots are a popular commodity in society as a cooking ingredient. Shallots have economic potential due to their high demand. Shallot cultivation often faces biotic and abiotic stresses. UV-B radiation aims to induce resistance through morphological and physiological responses. The research was conducted at the Leuwikopo Experimental Garden from December 2023 to March 2024. Factors included light intensity of 1 and 3 lamps and exposure durations of 30 minutes and 150 minutes. A treatment of 0 minutes and 0 lamps served as the control. UV-B radiation did not significantly affect plant height, leaf number, or yield components (bulb weight, bulb diameter, fresh weight, and dry weight of shoots). Fructose content at 4 Weeks After Transplanting (WAT) and disease incidence in the 8th week were significantly affected by the use of 3 lamps. UV-B did not show a very significant effect on the vegetative and yield components of shallots. However, UV-B radiation increased productivity and reduced the percentage of affected plants compared to the control.
Keyword: perubahan iklim, Produktivitas, Fruktosa, Glukosa, Klorofil

Judul: Respons Karakter Agronomis dan Fisiologis terhadap Cekaman UV-B pada Bawang Merah Varietas Lokananta.
Abstrak: Bawang merah merupakan komoditas yang populer di masyarakat sebagai bahan masakan. Bawang merah memiliki potensi ekonomis karena permintaannya yang tinggi. Budidaya bawang seringkali dihadapkan dengan cekaman biotik ataupun abiotik. Penyinaran UV-B bertujuan untuk menginduksi ketahanan melalui respons morfologis dan fisiologis. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo pada Desember 2023 hingga Maret 2024. Faktor yang digunakan terdiri dari intensitas 1 dan 3 lampu serta durasi penyinaran 30 menit dan 150 menit. Perlakuan 0 menit dan 0 lampu digunakan sebagai control. Penyinaran UV-B tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap karakter tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun serta komponen hasil (bobot umbi, diameter umbi, bobot basah dan bobot kering brangkasan). Kandungan fruktosa pada 4 Minggu Setelah Pindah (MSP) dan insidensi penyakit minggu ke-8 memberikan pengaruh nyata pada penggunaan 3 lampu. UV-B tidak memberikan pengaruh yang sangat nyata terhadap vegetatif dan komponen hasil bawang merah. Akan tetapi, penyinaran UV-B meningkatkan produktivitas dan menurunkan persentase jumlah tanaman yang terserang daripada kontrol., Shallots are a popular commodity in society as a cooking ingredient. Shallots have economic potential due to their high demand. Shallot cultivation often faces biotic and abiotic stresses. UV-B radiation aims to induce resistance through morphological and physiological responses. The research was conducted at the Leuwikopo Experimental Garden from December 2023 to March 2024. Factors included light intensity of 1 and 3 lamps and exposure durations of 30 minutes and 150 minutes. A treatment of 0 minutes and 0 lamps served as the control. UV-B radiation did not significantly affect plant height, leaf number, or yield components (bulb weight, bulb diameter, fresh weight, and dry weight of shoots). Fructose content at 4 Weeks After Transplanting (WAT) and disease incidence in the 8th week were significantly affected by the use of 3 lamps. UV-B did not show a very significant effect on the vegetative and yield components of shallots. However, UV-B radiation increased productivity and reduced the percentage of affected plants compared to the control.
Keyword: chlorophyll, climate change, fructose, glucose, productivity

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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