Judul: Substitution of Soybean Meal with Defatted Black Soldier Fly  (BSF) Larvae Meal on Nutrient Digestibility of Growing Lambs
Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi kecernaan nutrien pada domba fase pertumbuhan yang diberi konsentrat starter mengandung 10% bungkil larva Black Soldier Fly (BSF) sebagai substitusi bungkil kedelai. Penelitian ini menggunakan 10 domba lokal fase pertumbuhan dengan rataan bobot badan 25,53 ± 3,23 kg. Domba dibagi menjadi 2 perlakuan dengan 5 ulangan, yaitu P1 = konsentrat mengandung 22% bungkil kedelai dan P2 = konsentrat mengandung 11% bungkil kedelai dan 10% bungkil larva BSF + hijauan. Parameter yang diukur adalah konsumsi nutrien dan kecernaan nutrien. Data dianalisis menggunakan Uji–T. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penambahan 10% bungkil larva BSF tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap konsumsi nutrien serta kecernaan nutrien. Disimpulkan bahwa substitusi bungkil kedelai dengan 10% bungkil larva BSF dapat digunakan sebagai bahan konsentrat starter., The aim of this research was to evaluate the nutrient digestibility of growing lamb fed starter concentrate containing 10% Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae meal for as a substitute for soybean meal. This research used 10 local growing lambs (average body weight of 25.53 ± 3.23 kg). The lambs were divided into two treatments with five replications consisted of P1 = concentrate with 22% of soybean meal and P2 = concentrate with 11% of soybean meal and 10% of BSF larvae meal. The parameters measured were nutrient intake and digestibility. The data were analyzed using independent Sample T–test. The result showed that substitution of 10% soybean meal with BSF larvae meal did not affect (P>0.05) nutrient intake and digestibility. It was concluded that substitution of soybean meal with 10% BSF larvae meal can be used as a starter concentrate for growing lamb.
Keyword: black soldier fly larvae meal, local lamb, nutrients digestibility

Judul: Subtitution of Soybean Meal With Defatted Black Soldier Larvae Meal in Starter Concentrate on Performance of Lamb
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan substitusi bungkil kedelai dengan defatted Black Soldier Fly larvae meal pada konsentrat starter terhadap performa domba fase pertumbuhan. Penelitian ini menggunakan 10 ekor anak domba fase pertumbuhan umur 5 bulan dengan bobot badan 13,95±3,07 kg dan ditempatkan pada kandang individu. Domba dibagi menjadi 2 perlakuan yaitu P1 = konsentrat starter mengandung 22% bungkil kedelai + hijauan, P2 = konsentrat starter mengandung (11% bungkil kedelai + 10% defatted BSF larvae meal) + hijauan. Parameter yang diukur dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumsi nutrien (konsumsi bahan kering, konsumsi protein kasar, konsumsi lemak kasar, konsumsi serat kasar, konsumsi bahan ekstrak tanpa nitrogen dan konsumsi total digestible nutrient), pertambahan bobot badan harian, efisiensi pakan dan income over feed cost. Data dianalisis menggunakan Uji-T (Independent Sample T-Test). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan defatted BSF larvae meal tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap konsumsi nutrien, pertambahan bobot badan harian, efisiensi pakan dan income over feed cost (IOFC)., This research aimed to determine the substitution of soybean meal with defatted Black Soldier Fly larvae meal in starter concentrate on performance of lamb in growth phase. A total of 10 growing lambs were used in this study (5 months, 13.95±3.07 kg). The lambs were divided into 2 treatments, name up P1 = starter concentrate containing 22% soybean meal + forage, P2 = starter concentrate containing 11% soybean meal + 10% defatted BSF larvae meal + forage. The parameters measured were nutrient intake (dry matter intake, crude protein intake, crude fat intake, crude fiber intake, nitrogen free extract intake and total digestible nutrient intake), average daily gain, feed efficiency, and income over feed cost. The data were analyzed using Independent Sample T-Test. The results showed that the substitution of soybean meal with defatted Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae meal did not significantly affect (P>0,05) nutrient intake, average daily gain, feed efficiency and income over feed cost (IOFC).
Keyword: defatted Black Soldier Fly larvae meal, feed intake, growing lambs, performance

Judul: Penggunaan Teorema Homeomorphy 2-Manifold dan Teorema Euler Poincare pada Torus 𝑇�� dan Simplicial Complex 𝐾��
Abstrak: Two dimensional topological spaces are said to be homeomorphic if they have the same topological invariant, where one of topological invariant used is an Euler characteristic. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem and Euler Poincare’s Theorem are used to distinguish two topological spaces. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem uses Euler characteristic to identify two dimensional topological spaces. Euler Poincare’s Theorem is an alternative way to find Euler characteristic with Betti number, which is topological invariant as well. The objective of this paper is to investigate the homeomorphism of torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾�����. Topological space torus and simplicial complex 𝐾����� have the same Euler characteristic, which is two. Based on Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem topological space torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾����� is homeomorphic.
Keyword: simplicial, torus, Euler, homeomorphism, topology