Judul: Molecular Characteristics of pmoB Gene Subunit  Methane Monooxigenase Enzyme from Three Types of Methanotrophic Bacteria
Abstrak: Karakterisasi secara molekuler bertujuan untuk menjabarkan perbedaan karakteristik molekuler subunit pmoB dari tiga tipe bakteri metanotrof. Enzim ini merupakan karakter khusus pada bakteri metanotrof yang berfungsi dalam mereduki gas metana sehingga peran dan kontribusinya aktif dalam penurunan dampak pemanasan global. Karakterisasi ini dapat dijadikan acuan untuk melakukan penelitian laboratorium lanjutan mengenai bakteri Metanotrof. Karakterisasi yang digunakan yaitu analisis ukuran gen dengan Blast-N, analisis genom dengan GGDC, analisis FCGR dan GC content Plotgen gen pmoB konstruksi pohon filogenetik serta analisis sekuen nukleotidan dan sekuen asam amino bakteri metanotrof. Metanotrof terdiri atas tipe I, II, dan X. Karakterisasi dari 3 tipe ini terlihat pada perbedaan ukuran gen, yaitu rentang 1,1-1,2 kb. Perbedaan terkecil kandungan GC dalam DDH terlihat pada tipe II dengan persantesi rata-rata 1,3%. Tipe II memiliki kandungan persen content GC tertinggi, yaitu 62,33%. Kekerabatan terdekat yaitu tipe X dan tipe I dengan acuan bakteri Methylocystis capsulatus, dengan nilai 96%., Molecular characterization aims to describe the differences in the molecular characteristics of the pmoB subunit of the pMMO enzyme. This enzyme is a special character in methanotrophic bacteria which functions in reducing methane gas so that its role and contribution is active in reducing the impact of global warming. This characterization can be used as a reference for conducting further laboratory research on MMO bacteria. The characterizations used were analyzing gene size with Blast-N, genome analysis with GGDC, analysis of FCGR and GC content of Plotgen pmoB phylogenetic analysis, sequence analysis and physicochemical analysis of amino acids pmoB. The MMO type consists of types 1, 2, and X. The characterization of these 3 types is seen in gene size 1,1 to 1,2 kb. The smallest difference in GC content in DDH is seen in type 2 with an average percentage of 1,3%. Type 2 has the highest percentage of GC content, which is 62,33%. The closest relative is in type X with the reference of Methylocystis capsulatus bacteria, with a value of 96%.
Keyword: Frequency of chaos game representation, genome to genome distance  calculator, metan monooksigenase, pmoB

Judul: Karakterisasi Gen Particulate Methane Monooxygenase (pMMO) Bakteri Metanotrof Asal Sawah
Abstrak: Metanotrophic bacteria are a methane oxidizing bacteria that have specific enzyme called methane monooxygenase (MMO). Application of metanotrophic bacteria can reduce emission of methane in rice fields. There are two types of MMO enzymes, i.e. soluble MMO (sMMO) and particulate MMO (pMMO). The pMMO enzyme is a membrane-bound enzyme that is present in all metanotrophic bacteria. BGM 1 and SKM 14 isolates showed a different colony morphology when grown on Nitrate Mineral Salt (NMS) medium + 1% methanol. The pMMO gene amplification using A189f and A682r primer showed a ~300 bp and ~500 bp of DNA band for BGM 1 and SKM 14 isolates respectively. The sequences were analyzed using BLAST-N and BLAST-X program. Analysis of amplicon sequence from BGM 1 using BLAST-N and BLAST-X program showed highest similarity with sequence of gene (87%) and amino acid in protein (71%) acyl-coA dehydrogenase Xanthobacter autotrophicus Py2 respectively. Whereas analysis of amplicon sequence from SKM 14 using BLAST-N and BLAST-X program showed highest similarity with sequence of gene (84%) and amino acid in protein (62%) subunit B cytochrome bc1 Sinorhizobium fredii HH103 respectively.
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Judul: Perencanan Lanskap Sunda Kalapa, Jakarta Utara Sebagai Kawasan W isata Sejarah
Abstrak: Perkembangan kota Jakarta dari waktu ke waktu sangatlah cepat, sehingga menyebabkan kota-kota tua banyak yang tergusur untuk dijadikan daerah baru yang lebih modern. Apabila hal tersebut tidak ditanggulangi secara dini maka keberadaan Kota Lama Jakarta akan hilang. Hal inilah yang melatar belakang untuk dilakukan tindakan perlindungan dan revitalisasi kawasan bersejarah Sunda Kalapa.
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