Judul: Utilitas protein ransum berbahan dasar tepung gaplek varietas pahit pada ayam broiler
Abstrak: Penelitian dilakukan di bagian unggas, jurusan Ilmu Nutrisi dan Makanan Ternak, Fakultas PEternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, selama satu setengah bulan mulai tanggal 14 Mei sampai dengan tanggal 24 Juni 1985. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat pengaruh penggunaan tepung gaplek berkulit varietas pahit sebagai pengganti jagung kuning dalam ransum ayam broiler, terhadap utilitasasi protein.
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Judul: Usaha Subtitusi Jagung Dengan Tepung Gaplek Tanpa Kulit Atau Berkulit Varietas Pahit dan Dedak Halus Serta Panambahan Methionin Dalam Ransum Ayam Broiler
Abstrak: Penelitian dilakukan di Jurusan Ilmu Nutrisi Makanan Ternak, Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, selama enam minggu, mulai tanggal 23 November 1985 sampai dengan 3 Januari 1986. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengguna- tepung gaplek tanpa kulit atau berkulit varietas pahit dan dedak halus serta penambahan methionin sebagai pengganti jagung dalam ransum ayam broiler. Penelitian ini menggunakan 100 ekor anak ayam broiler umur sehari berjenis kelamin jantan betina strain "Arbor Acres" CP 707. Anak-anak ayam dibagi menjadi 20 unit perlakuan dan masing-masing unit terdiri dari lima ekor anak ayam. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan lima macam perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Untuk menguji perbedaan antar perlakuan dilakukan Uji Jarak Duncan. Perlakuan yang diberikan terdiri Ro (konsentrat dan jagung untuk starter dan konsentrat, jagung dan dedak halus untuk finisher), R1 (konsentrat, tepung gaplek tanpa kulit dan dedak halus), R2. (konsentrat, tepung gaplek berkulit dan dedak halus), R1+M (konsentrat, tepung gaplek tanpa kulit, dedak halus dan methionin), R2+M (konsentrat, tepung gaplek berkulit, dedak halus dan methionin). Dari hasil analisa statistik dan pembahasan dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa jagung dapat menggantikan gaplek tanpa kulit atau berkulit dan dedak halus jika dilihat dari konversi ransum, tetapi terhadap konsumsi ransum dan pertambahan bobot badan belum memberikan hasil yang lebih baik. Selama penelitian berlangsung terjadi kematian sebanyak satu ekor ayam pada perlakuan R2. Dari segi "Income over feed and chick cost", penggunaan tepung gaplek berkulit dan dedak halus dalam ransum ayam broiler memberikan keuntungan yang terbaik….
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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