Judul: The Evaluation of Utilization of Sheep Rumen Liquor Enzyme for Hydrolisis of Crude Fiber Content in Coconut Meal and its Apparent Digestibility for Red Tilapia Oreochromis sp.
Abstrak: in coconut cake meal (CCM) by sheep rumen liquor enzymes, and apparent digestibility of hydrolyzed CCM for the diet of red tilapia (Oreochromis sp). In Experiment I, the sheep rumen liquor enzymes were added into the CCM at concentration of either 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, or 125 ml/kg of CCM, and incubated for the period of 0, 12, and 24 hours, respectively. In order to evaluate the apparent digestibility, in Experiment II, CCM and hydrolyzed CCM were fed on tilapia for 2 weeks. The result showed that sheep rumen liquor enzymes could effectively reduced the fiber content of CCM, while its glucose concentration increased. It was found that the application of sheep rumen liquor enzymes at a dose of 125 ml in 1 kg CCM at a period of 24 hours was the most effective treatment to reduce the crude fiber content in CCM. The crude fiber content in this treatment decreased from 13.76% to 6.98 %, thereby the apparent digestibility in red tilapia increased from 45.71% to 60.64%.
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Judul: Evaluasi Penurunan Serat Kasar dan Peningkatan Nilai Kecernaan Bungkil Kelapa Dengan Penambahan Enzim Cairan Rumen Domba Sebagai Bahan Baku Pakan Ikan Mas Cyprinus carpio
Abstrak: The objectives of this work were to evaluate the roles of sheep rumen liquor enzymes on its capability to reduce the crude fiber contant and enhance the apperent digestibility of coconut cake meal (BK) for common carp Cyprinus carpio. The work comprised by two stages experiments. In experiment I, BK was hydrolized with 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, or 125 ml enzymes/kg BK for 0, 12, and 24 hours, respectively. Thereafter, proximate compositions of BK were analyzed. In experiment II, hydrolyzed BK (BKe) contained the least crude fiber content from the result of experiment I was tested for its digestibility. It was found that BK hydrolyzed with 125 ml enzymes/kg BK for 24 hours had the lowest value of crude fiber content, and highest value of glucose content. In this treatment, crude fiber content was decreased from 14,34% to 6,98%, while the glucose content was increased from 0,014% to 0,464%. The apparent digestibility of BKe was found to be higher than BK. The total digestibility, protein carp was 63,92% and 54,58%, 79,53% and 65,17%, 72,2% and 49,17% for BKe and BK, respectively. It was concluded that sheep rumen liquor enzymes could reduce the crude fiber content of BK, and enhance its apparent digestibility for carp Cyprinus carpio.
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Judul: Transisi Fasa Materi Hadronik ke Materi Kuark pada Inti Bintang Neutron.
Abstrak: Bintang neutron terdiri dari beberapa lapisan yang disusun oleh materi nuklir yang berbeda dengan kerapatan yang semakin tinggi ketika mendekati pusat bintang. Inti luar bintang neutron disusun oleh materi hadronik (nukleon, lepton, dan hyperon), sedangkan inti dalam bintang neutron disusun oleh kuark-kuark bebas (up, down, strange) yang saling berinteraksi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari bagaimana transisi dari inti luar ke inti dalam bintang neutron dengan menggunakan pendekatan RMF (Relativistic Mean Field) untuk materi hadronik dan CIDDM (Confined Isospin Density Dependent Mass) untuk materi kuark. Tekanan transisi diperoleh ketika potensial kimia barion materi hadronik dan materi kuark bernilai sama. Nilai tekanan transisi dengan parameter SU6-TM1 sekitar 87 MeV/fm3 dan diperoleh massa maksimum bintang neutron yaitu 1.92M dengan jari-jari sekitar 8.62 km. Nilai tekanan transisi dengan parameter SU6-G2 sekitar 53 MeV/fm3 dan massa maksimum bintang neutron yaitu 1.88M dengan jari-jari sekitar 8.16 km. Jenis transisi fasa adalah orde satu ditandai dengan diskontinuitas dalam kerapatan energi (adanya mixed phase). Parameter-parameter pada model nuklir yang digunakan menyebabkan perbedaan kekakuan persamaan keadaan (EOS) dari materi hadronik dan materi kuark sehingga nilai tekanan transisi dari fasa hadronik ke fasa kuark juga berbeda.
Keyword: bintang neutron, persamaan keadaan, transisi fasa