Judul: Identifikasi Distribusi Akar dan Tajuk sebagai Dasar Penyusunan Detail Penanaman
Abstrak: Distribusi hara, air, dan cahaya terutama dipengaruhi oleh karakteristik dari jenis pohon, khususnya bentuk tajuk dan distribusi perakaran. Oleh karena itu, sangat penting untuk mendeskripsikan distribusi spasial akar. Akar pohon diekspos, diamati, dan diukur untuk mengidentifikasi distribusinya. Karakteristik percabangan dan beberapa data lain juga digunakan sebagai input data. Fraksi akar horizontal, rasio akar-batang, dan indeks kedangkalan akar digunakan dalam proses analisis. Kerapatan akar palem raja di kedalaman 0-15 cm lebih tinggi dibandingkan di kedalaman 15-30 cm. Pada bungur, akar masih dijumpai hingga kedalaman 100 cm dengan kerapatan akar di kedalaman <50 cm lebih tinggi dibandingkan di kedalaman >50 cm. Kerapatan akar palem raja dan bungur berkurang dengan pertambahan jarak dari pangkal batang serta kerapatan akar bungur berkurang dengan pertambahan kedalaman. Akar palem raja menyebar sampai jarak 4,5 m dari pangkal batang sedangkan bungur sampai jarak 4 m. Tinggi pohon, lebar tajuk, diameter batang berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan akar lateral/horizontal. Produk dari penelitian ini adalah rekomendasi perencanaan penanaman.
Keyword: Tajuk, distribusi akar, fraksi akar horizontal, rasio batang-akar, indeks kedangkalan akar

Judul: Analysis of Radial Tree Roots Distribution of Agathis and Trembesi on Various Slopes Using Root Detector
Abstrak: Akar merupakan bagian dari pohon yang memiliki peran penting dalam menjaga stabilitas pohon. Namun, penelitian mengenai distribusi akar pohon masih sedikit khususnya pada kondisi tanah yang miring. Root detector merupakan salah satu metode non-destructive yang dapat menjadi alternatif dalam pendeteksian akar pohon yang mudah diaplikasikan dan tidak merusak. Prinsip pendeteksian akar didasarkan pada perbedaan waktu rambat gelombang bunyi antara akar dan tanah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis distribusi akar radial pohon agathis (Agathis loranthifolia Salisb.) dan trembesi (Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr) dan mengetahui hubungan morfometri pohon, sifat fisik tanah, sifat fisis akar, kecepatan gelombang bunyi terhadap kelas dan posisi kemiringan tanah. Pohon sampel diambil dari 4 kelas kemiringan tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakteristik morfometri, sifat fisik tanah, dan sifat fisis akar memiliki hubungan yang berkorelasi negatif sedangkan terhadap nilai kecepatan gelombang bunyi, kelembaban tanah, dan jumlah akar memiliki korelasi yang lemah., Roots are part of the tree that plays an essential role in tree stability. However, research about tree root distribution is rare, especially in slope conditions. Root detector is one of the non-destructive methods that can be an alternative for tree roots detection, which is easy to apply and less damage. The principle of root detector is based on different time-of-flight of waves as they pass through roots and soil. This study aims to analyze the radial roots distribution of the tree Agathis (Agathis loranthifolia Salisb.) and Trembesi (Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr) and know about the relationship of tree morphometry, physical properties of soil, physics properties of root, sound wave velocity against the class and position of slope. Trees are taken from 4 classes of slopes. The results show that tree morphometry, physical properties of soil, physics properties of root have a negative correlation, whereas toward sound wave velocity, soil moisture and amount of roots have weak correlations. Based on position of slope, down slope has a higher sound wave velocity than up slope on both types of trees.
Keyword: root distribution, sound wave velocity, slope, root detector

Judul: Durability of Specific Immunoglobulin (Ig) Y Againts Influenza and Covid-19 in Sunscreen
Abstrak: The benefit of specific immunoglobulin Y (Ig Y) as an active ingredient in personal care products such as sunscreen has not been properly studied. Our study aims to evaluate the reliability of specific IgY against influenza and the COVID-19 virus in a sample sunscreen product. Specific IgY influenza and COVID-19 viruses were inserted in the sample sunscreen at two concentrations of 0.1% and 0.25%. Three treatments were observed: control (C) sunscreen without IgY, treatment 1 (T1) sunscreen with 0.1% IgY, and treatment 2 (T2) sunscreen with 0.25% IgY. Organoleptic observations were carried out to monitor changes in aroma, color, and texture, and sunscreen sampling was done every week for 6 weeks. The durability of IgY was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a neutralization assay. Organoleptic observation from weeks 1 to 6 showed consistency in its aroma, color, and texture. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization assay (NA) results of the T1 and T2 groups showed negative results except for sample T1 at week 5, which showed a positive result in the Influenza A ELISA. Based on the results, it seems that IgY concentrations of 0.1% or 0.25% were not optimal. However, this negative result might be due to low concentration of the IgY and the presence of beeswax, which inhibits IgY and causes it to dissolve in distilled water, thus preventing it from being detected in the assay.
Keyword: Immunoglobulin Y, Sunscreen, Influenza, COVID-19, Biological Activity