Judul: Analisis Perubahan Penggunaan Lahan Dan Aspek Sosial Ekonomi Yang Mempengaruhinya (Di Das Cipunagara Dan Sekitarnya, Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: Increased population causes an increase in food, clothing, and shelter. The demand for land to meet those needs is also increasing. Meanwhile, the availability of land to meet all the needs of human life is limited. This will encourage land use changes into other forms of land use. Changes in land use caused by many factors, including the social and economic factors. For example, the change of forest to farm because of the economic value of commodities, and because of the need for food increases with the increase of population. This study uses PODES data and Regency in Figures to determine estimators factor of social and economic conditions, then performed a multiple regression analysis to see the huge influence estimators factor of land use change that occurred in the study area. Changes in land use area was analyzed in the year 1990 - 2000, and 2000 - 2008. Analysis in the year 1990 - 2000 is done by district, and analysis of the year 2000 - 2008 conducted in 2 phases, namely district analysis and about rural. The results showed that the largest land use in three years of observation is the rice fields, ranging from 45% of total land use. Large changes in the same land use area between the years 1990 - 2000 differ from the period 2000 - 2008, as well as social and economic factors that influence it. The greatest changing of land use extent in 1990 - 2000 is forest area that decrease by 26,8% of the total changing. In the year 2000 - 2008, the greates of changing land use extent is settlement increased by 36,6%. In common, changes in land use area in Cipunagara watershed in the range year period 1990 - 2000 and 2000 - 2008, influenced by accessibility (distance to markets and road density). Meanwhile, according to the rural analysis of dominant factors that cause land use change is the accessibility (road density). Meanwhile, non-commercial land use change is influenced by a number of educational facilities and markets, while commercial land use change is influenced by availability of land (land that might turn into certain land use) and road density.
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Judul: Perubahan Penutupan/Penggunaan Lahan Dan Perubahan Garis Pantai Di Das Cipunagara Dan Sekitarnya, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Monitoring the dynamics of shoreline change can be examined from year to year using remote sensing data. Shoreline changes can occur due to natural factors and human intervention such as land use changes. The existence of population pressure on land to supply their needs will lead to changes in land use. The purpose of this research are: (a) to analyze land use changes in watershed in 1972, 1990, and 2008, (b) analyze the physical factors affecting land use change, and (c) analyzing shoreline changes in watershed Cipunagara and surrounding in 1972, 1990, and 2008. Land cover / land use increased during the periods 1972-1990 and 1990- 2008 are the settlements, each covering an area of 1.3% and 5.3%, shrub forest (2.7% and 1.2%), paddy fields (0.3% and 0.5%), and pond (0.9% and 0.2%). A very large decline in the two periods occurred in mixture garden (17.4% and 0.1%), garden teak (4.1% and 0.5%), and mangrove (0.3% and 0.4%). Land use changes were analyzed using binomial logit. Based on the results of the analysis note that the factors that allegedly increase the chances of forest land use change to agriculture are (1) slope (0-8%, 8-15% and 15-25%), (2) elevation 25-100 masl, (3) rainfall 76,47 mm / month and 287,88 mm / month, and (4) soil alluvial, andosol, and podzolik, and (5) geologic parent material with sand, claystone, and lava. Many paddy fields are in areas with geological formations and relatively fertile soils and flat and sloping cycle and the corresponding rainfall. Meanwhile the factors influencing changes in land use from agricultural to settlements are slope (0-8% and 8-15%) and elevation (0-25 masl, 100-250 masl, and 500-1000 masl). There are many settlements on the land is relatively flat, slight, and steep. This shows that the state of the steep slope is no longer a limiting factor to build settlements. The coastline north coastal areas prone Subang addition and reduction. The coastline which tends to grow forward from 1972 to 2008 is in the western part (District Blanakan) and in the delta (Cape Cipunagara). On the Cape and the Cape Pancerwetan Pamanukan tend to grow back because the process of abrasion.
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Judul: Pertahanan pada ikan terhadap infestasi ichthyophthirius multifiliis dengan tetrahymena pyriformis dan tetrahymena thermophila
Abstrak: Ichthyophthirius multifiliis adalah protozoa dari kelas Oligohymenophorea, ordo Hymenostomatida dan famili Ophryoglenidae. Protozoa ini sering menyerang ikan liar, ikan yang dibudidayakan dan ikan hias dalam akuarium. Bentuk dewasanya (trophozoit) tinggal dibawah kulit ikan yang menjadi inangnya. Mereka makan runtuhan sel dan mengelupaskan epithel. Angka mortalitas dapat mencapai 100% pada ikan yang dipelihara dalam akuarium. Penyakit ini telah dilaporkan dari semua benua. Banyak preparat kimia yang dapat dipakai untuk mengontrol parasit ini. Yang paling berhasil dari antara preparat-preparat kimia yang digunakan adalah malachite green dengan konsentrasi 0.25 ppm yang dibiarkan bekerja selama 1 jam. Namun ada masalah yang timbul dalam pengobatan, karena di dalam hampir setiap perairan terdapat parasit tersebut. Hal ini menyebabkan sewaktu-waktu atau secara kontinyu terjadi infestasi oleh parasit ini dalam populasi ikan. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini maka tindakan yang dianggap praktis dan efektif untuk mengontrol parasit ini adalah imunisasi. Disinipun timbul permasalahan pula. Karena Ichthyophthirius multifiliis adalah parasit obligat, maka sulit mengumpulkannya dalam jumlah yang cukup untuk pembu- atan vaksin. Maka dicari sumber lain untuk membuat vaksin terhadap parasit ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Tetrahymena pyriformis dan Tetrahymena thermophila dapat dipakai sebagai vaksin terhadap Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Masalah yang timbul kemudian adalah bahwa perlindungan terhadap Ichthyophthirius multifiliis ternyata tergantung pada strain (galur) atau isolat dari kedua spesies Tetrahymena di atas yang digunakan. Sebagai pertahanan bentuk lain dari ikan selain imunitas dapat dikemukakan ketahanan non imunologis yang tergantung pada spesies ikan dan kenaikan kadar vitamin C didalam makanan.
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