Judul: PENGARUH PENANAMAN MODAL ASING TERHADAP KETIMPANGAN PENDAPATAN DI INDONESIA
Abstrak: Indonesia is the world's fourth-most populous country, featuring an enormous workforce, high economic growth, and rich natural resources. Thus, this made Indonesia becomes very lucrative to open new market businesses for some stakeholders through FDI. However, a debatable discussion on the effect of FDI on income inequality in the case of within the country shows different findings. Moreover, study on the effect of FDI on two different inequalities measurement especially in Indonesia is still limited. Finally, income inequality measurements, namely the Gini coefficient and Williamson Inequality Index, are employed in this research to assess income inequality within the households and between the regions in Indonesia as the effect of FDI inflows from 1996 to 2020.
Keyword: FDI, gini coefficient, growth, inequality

Judul: Impact of Gender Equity and Employment Opportunities on  Income Inequality in Indonesia
Abstrak: Ketimpangan pendapatan merupakan permasalahan penting dalam pembangunan ekonomi. Suatu negara dengan ketimpangan pendapatan yang tinggi akan mengalami inefisiensi dalam distribusi aset, inefisiensi ekonomi, dan terganggunya stabilitas sosial dan ekonomi. Indonesia menjadi salah satu negara yang mengalami ketimpangan pendapatan, bahkan pada tahun 2020 tingkat ketimpangan pendapatan Indonesia mengalami peningkatan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kondisi ketimpangan pendapatan dan menganalisis pengaruh kesetaraan gender, upah minimum, pengangguran, dan investasi asing terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan di Indonesia selama periode 2010-2020. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif, tipologi Klassen, dan analisis data panel. Hasil estimasi data panel menunjukkan bahwa pembangunan dan pemberdayaan gender, upah minimum, dan tingkat pengangguran secara signfikan berpengaruh negatif terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan. Sedangkan pengaruh yang disebabkan investasi asing terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan secara signifikan adalah positif., Income inequality is an important problem in economic development. A country with high income inequality will be inefficient in the distribution of assets, economic inefficiency, and disruption of social and economic stability. Indonesia is one of the countries experiencing income inequality, even in 2020 the level of Indonesia's income inequality has increased. This study aims to describe the condition of income inequality and analyze the effect of gender equality, minimum wages, unemployment, and foreign investment on income inequality in Indonesia during the period 2010-2020. The analysis method in this study are descriptive analysis, Klassen typology, and panel data analysis. The results of the panel data estimation show that gender development and empowerment, minimum wages, and unemployment rates have a significant negative effect on income inequality. Meanwhile, foreign investment has a positive and significant effect on income inequality.
Keyword: employment opportunities, gender, income inequality, panel data

Judul: Sintesis Flavonol melalui 2’-Hidroksikalkon
Abstrak: Flavonol is a class of flavonoids commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Flavonol is very useful, especially in food sector and health. In this study, flavonol unsubstituted was successfully synthesized from an intermediate material 2’-hydroxychalcone. The 2’-hydroxychalcone was synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation method between o-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde using 4 different catalysts, namely KOH 60%, solid pellet of KOH-grinding technique, BF3-Et2O, and NaH in DMF. The KOH 60% was the best catalyst, giving the highest yield (57%). Afterward, the flavonol was synthesized in 1-stage oxidation cyclization of o-hydroxyacetophenone using Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction, giving 76%. The flavonol total yield from 2’-hydroxychalcone was 43%. All synthesized products were characterized by their melting points and their spectra. The success of the synthesis flavonol opens the way to synthesis of useful flavonol derivatives such as quercetin and kaempferol
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