Judul: Aktinobakteri Endofit Rimpang Bangle (Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.): Diversitas dan Aktivitas Inhibitor Lipase Pankreas
Abstrak: Bangle adalah salah satutanamandarikeluargaZingeberaceae yang secaratradisionalmempunyai khasiat sebagai pelangsingkarenapotensinyadalammenghambataktivitasenzimpankreas lipase. Selaindiproduksi oleh tanamaninangnya, inhibitor lipase pankreas juga dapatdiproduksi oleh aktinobakteriendofit. Tujuandaripenelitianiniadalahuntukmengeksplorasikeragamanaktinobakteri endofit rimpang bangle, menentukan aktivitas inhibitor lipase pankreas darisupernatan aktinobakteri, ekstrak etil asetat aktinobakteri, ekstrak etanol dan etil asetat rimpang bangle dan identifikasi isolat yang berpotensi sebagai inhibitor lipase pankreas.Aktinobakteriendofitrimpang bangle diisolasi, dimurnikan, dikarakterisasi, diujiaktivitaspenghambatan lipase secarain vitrodan diidentifikasi berdasarkan gen 16S rRNA menggunakan primer spesifik aktinobakteri, 27F dan 16Sact1114R. Duabelas aktinobakteriendofitrimpang bangle berhasildiperoleh. Berdasarkan hasil penapisan supernatandari12isolat aktinobakteri endofit rimpang bangle, 2 isolat yaitu ZC-R1 dan ZC-R2 memilikikemampuanuntukmenghambataktivitas lipase pankreasmasing-masingsebesar 26.76% dan 21.76%. Selainitu, nilai IC50dariekstraketilasetat ZC-R1 yaitu sebesar 21.14 μg/mL,sedangkan ZC-R2 adalah 79.43 μg/mL. Perhitungannilai IC50ekstraketilasetatdaririmpang bangle adalah75.62 μg/mLyang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan nilai IC50 ZC-R1. Data tersebut menunjukkanbahwaaktinobakteri endofitrimpang bangle yaitu ZC-R1 dan ZC-R2 memilikikemampuanuntukmenghambataktivitas lipase pankreas. Aktinobakteriendofit ZC-R1 dan ZC-R2 berturut-turutmenunjukkannilaikemiripan99.81%denganStreptomyces sp. strain TBRC8912 dandenganStreptomyces sp. GSENDO-0428 sebesar99.17%.
Keyword: aktinobakteri endofit, diversitas, inhibitor lipase, Zingiber cassumunar

Judul: The Existence of Kaempferia angustifolia Endophytic Actinobacteria and Its Potential as a Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitor
Abstrak: ZIDNY NUR DIANA ISLAMI. Eksistensi Aktinobakteri Endofit Kunci Pepet (Kaempferia angustifolia) dan Potensinya sebagai Inhibitor Lipase Pankreas. Dibimbing oleh YULIN LESTARI dan DYAH ISWANTINI. Aktinobakteri endofit dapat memiliki aktivitas biologi yang mirip dengan tanaman inangnya. Kunci pepet (Kaempferia angustifolia) merupakan tanaman obat yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai antiobesitas. Keberadaan dan keragaman aktinobakteri endofit dalam rimpang kunci pepet belum banyak dilaporkan. Apalagi potensi aktinobakteri endofit rimpang kunci pepet sebagai antiobesitas melalui aktivitas inhibitor lipase pankreas juga belum banyak diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi dan mengeksplorasi keragaman aktinobakteri endofit rimpang kunci pepet, serta menguji aktivitasnya sebagai inhibitor lipase pankreas. Isolasi aktinobakteri menggunakan media Humic Vitamin B Agar (HVA), dan dikarakterisasi morfologi makroskopis dan mikroskopisnya. Sebanyak 11 isolat dari total 30 isolat yang diperoleh, memiliki warna miselium aerial yang bervariasi dari warna putih, abu-abu, cream, dan biru, serta terdapat 2 isolat yang menghasilkan pigmen warna, yaitu RKa 18 dan RKa 20 dengan masing-masing warna pigmen Signal brown (YSA dan ISP-4), Mahogany brown (ISP-2), dan Fawn brown (ISP-2). Morfologi rantai spora mirip tipe Flexibilis (F) dan Retinaculus-Apertus (RA). Karakter morfologi koloni mirip genus Streptomyces. Supernatan 5 isolat aktinobakteri, yaitu isolat RKa 1, RKa 2, RKa 5, RKa 19, dan RKa 21 memiliki beragam aktivitas inhibitor lipase pankreas, berturut-turut sebesar 1,60%, 5,19%, 29,35%, 11,85%, dan 27,98%. Biomassa kering sel 5 isolat tersebut berkisar antara 0,3 - 2,7 mg/mL, yang tidak berkaitan langsung dengan bioaktivitasnya. Dengan demikian, hasil pendekatan yang bergantung pada karakterisasi morfologi dan penapisan supernatan dengan ELISA plate reader memberikan indikator yang berguna dalam identifikasi awal keberadaan dan keragaman aktinobakteri endofit K. angustifolia yang berpotensi sebagai inhibitor lipase pankreas., ZIDNY NUR DIANA ISLAMI. The Existence of Kaempferia angustifolia Endophytic Actinobacteria and Its Potential as a Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitor. Supervised by YULIN LESTARI and DYAH ISWANTINI. Endophytic actinobacteria have biological activity that can be similar to their host plant. K. angustifolia is a medicinal plant that can be used as antiobesity. The existence and diversity of endophytic actinobacteria in Kaempferia angustifolia has not been widely reported. Moreover, the potential of endophytic actinobacteria in K. angustifolia rhizome as antiobesity by pancreatic lipase inhibitor activity is not much known either. This study aimed to isolate and explore the diversity of endophytic actinobacteria in K. angustifolia rhizome, and to examine their activity as a pancreatic lipase inhibitor. Isolation of actinobacteria was conducted using Humic Vitamin B agar (HVA) medium, and its morphology was characterized both macroscopically and microscopically. There were 11 isolates from a total of 30 isolates obtained had aerial mycelium colors that varied from white, gray, cream, and blue. There were 2 isolates, i.e. RKa 18 and RKa 21 that produced color pigment, with each pigment colors were Signal brown (YSA and ISP-4), Mahogany brown (ISP-2), and Fawn brown (ISP-2). The morphology of spore chains were similar to Flexibilis (F) and Retinaculus-Apertus (RA). Colony morphology characters were similar to the Streptomyces genus. Supernatant of the 5 actinobacteria isolates, i.e. RKa 1, RKa 2, RKa 5, RKa 19, and RKa 21 had various pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities, i.e. 1.60%, 5.19%, 29.35%, 11.85%, and 27.98%, respectively. The dry biomass cell of
Keyword: antiobesity, diversity, morphology, medicinal plant, rhizome

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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