Judul: Analysis of livelihood capital and household livelihood strategies of catfish cultivator households in Minapolitan area  Case of Ciseeng Subdsitrcit, Bogor
Abstrak: Pada saat harga penjualan komoditas lele rendah rumah tangga pembudidaya lele berusaha untuk tetap dapat memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari. Perubahan alam berpengaruh terhadap modal nafkah dan strategi nafkah dalam rumah tangga pembudidaya lele. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemanfaatan modal nafkah dan strategi nafkah yang terjadi dalam rumah tangga pembudidaya lele. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif (metode survei) didukung data kualitatif (wawancara mendalam). Responden penelitian terdiri dari 20 rumah tangga pembudidaya lele di kawasan Minapolitan, kecamatan Ciseeng. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) terdapat tipologi pada rumah tangga pembudidaya lele berdasarkan skala usahanya, yaitu skala mikro, kecil, menengah dan besar. Sebagian besar rumah tangga memiliki usaha skala kecil. (2) Terdapat perbedaan skala usaha budidaya lele berdasarkan pemanfaatan modal nafkah oleh rumah tangga pembudidaya lele. (3) Terdapat kecenderungan hubungan antara modal nafkah dengan strategi nafkah. Modal sosial menjadi unsur penting dalam modal nafkah, yang dimanfaatkan oleh rumah tangga pembudidaya lele skala mikro dan kecil dalam menerapkan strategi diversifikasi nafkah., At a time when the selling price of catfish is low, catfish cultivator households are trying to be able to meet their daily needs. Natural changes affect income capital and livelihood strategies in catfish cultivator households. This study aims to analyze the use of living capital and livelihood strategies that occur in catfish cultivator households. This research uses a quantitative approach (survey method) supported by qualitative data (in-depth interviews). The research respondents consisted of 20 catfish farmer households in the Minapolitan area, Ciseeng district. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that: (1) there was a typology in catfish cultivator households based on the business scale, namely micro, small, medium, and large scales. Most households have small-scale businesse; (2) There are differences in the scale of catfish cultivation based on the utilization of livelihood capital by catfish cultivator households; (3) There is a tendency of the relationship between livelihood capital and household livelihood strategies. Social capital is an important element of livelihood capital, which is utilized by households of micro and small scale catfish cultivators in implementing livelihood diversification strategies
Keyword: business scale, catfish farmers, living capital, livelihood strategy

Judul: The Correlation with Livelihood Patterns of Fisher Households, The Correlation with Livelihood Patterns of Fisher Households
Abstrak: Masyarakat pesisir di Indonesia sebagian besar penduduknya mempunyai sumber penghasilan utama pada subsektor perikanan, salah satunya sebagai nelayan. Nelayan identik dengan pandangan bahwa kehidupan nelayan adalah sebagai rumah tangga miskin. Salah satu upaya mengatasi kemiskinan dalam rumah tangga nelayan adalah dengan menerapkan pola nafkah yang beragam. Modal terkuat yang rumah tangga nelayan andalkan dalam mengelola pola nafkah adalah dengan menerapkan modal sosial. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis bagaimana hubungan modal sosial dengan pola nafkah yang diterapkan rumah tangga nelayan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif yang didukung dengan data kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner untuk data kuantitatif dan wawancara mendalam untuk data kualitatif. Teknik pengambilan sample atau responden dalam penelitian ini yaitu Stratified random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan modal sosial dengan pola nafkah rumah tangga nelayan pada kategori kelompok nelayan kapal dan kelompok nelayan sampan yang digunakan rumah tangga nelayan. Dalam hal ini semakin tinggi modal sosial maka semakin beragam pula pola nafkah yang dilakukan rumah tangga nelayan., Most of the coastal communities in Indonesia have their main source of income in the fisheries subsector, one of which is as fishermen. Fishermen are synonymous with the view that fishermen live as poor households. One effort to overcome poverty in fishing households is to implement diverse living patterns. The strongest capital that fishing households rely on in managing their livelihood patterns is by applying social capital. The aim of this research is to analyze the correlation social capital with the livelihood patterns adopted by fishing households. This research uses a quantitative approach supported by qualitative data. The data collection technique used was an interview technique using a questionnaire for quantitative data and in-depth interviews for qualitative data. The sampling or respondent technique in this research is Stratified random sampling. The results of the research show that there is a correlation social capital with the livelihood patterns of fishing households in the categories of boat fishermen groups and canoe fishermen groups used by fishing households. In this case, the higher the social capital, the more diverse the livelihood patterns carried out by fishing househeholds.
Keyword: Modal Sosial, Pola Nafkah, Rumah Tangga Nelayan

Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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