Judul: Analysis of indonesian wood-based products trade and its impact on potential deforestation in several regions
Abstrak: Rendahnya posisi tawar produk berbasis kayu Indonesia di pasar internasional cenderung mendorong te~adinya penebangan hutan secara berlebihan. Tujuan ulama studi ini adalah menganalisis dampak perdagangan produk berbasis kayu Indonesia terhadap deforestasi potensial di beberapa wilayah, suatu isu krusial bagi Indonesia memasuki perdagangan bebas pada tahun 2012. Analisis merlggunakan model sistem persamaan simultan penawaran dan permintaan sektor pembalakan kayu bulat, industri kayu gergajian, kayu lapis dan pulp di wilayah Sumatera, Kalimantan, Sulawesi dan Maluku-Papua, yang kemudian diagregasikan menjadi total Indonesia, dan dikaitkan secara rekursif dengan proses deforestasi potensial.
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Judul: The Implication of Wood Price Changes on Deforestation in Indonesia: A Market Integration Approach
Abstrak: Being one of the largest tropical countries in the world, Indonesia faces increasing problems with deforestation. Timber industry is one of the main sources of income from forestry sector in Indonesia. It is commonly assumed that deforestation is driven by the dynamics of supply and demand of forest products, particularly with regard to wood products. Based on the economic theory, price is an indicator of how market works and thus drives supply and demand reactions. This research is aimed to investigate the market integration between domestic and world market of wood products and the implications of wood price changes on deforestation in Indonesia. We conducted price transmission analysis which uses Error Correction Model and regression model to see the relations between wood prices with deforestation. According to the results of price transmission analysis, it is found that domestic logwood market of Indonesia is integrated with the world market as well as in the plywood and sawn wood market, though the domestic logwood market is protected by the enactment of export ban since 1987. The results of regression model show positive correlation between wood prices and deforestation which concludes that the higher prices of wood products will lead to the more potential deforestation in Indonesia. In the presence of market integration of some processed wood products between domestic and world market, the deforestation may not be hindered only by imposing export ban on logwood.
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Judul: The Leukocyte Profile of Pregnant Friesian Holstein Cows vaccinated with Escherichia coli K99 polivalen vaccine.
Abstrak: The objective of this experiment was to study the leukocyte profile of pregnant cows vaccinated with E.coli K99 polivalen vaccine. Three pregnant Friesian Holsteins cows were used in this experiment. Before the administration of vaccine, the cows were given a series of immunomodulator injection for three days. The vaccinations were administered three times at 8, 6, and 4 weeks before calving. Blood were drawn through jugular vein, first before the administration of vaccines, then weekly until calving. Based on the observation, it can be concluded that the administration of E.coli K99 polivalen vaccine in pregnant cows not affected the leukocyte profile. Keywords : Escherichia coli vaccine, leukocyte profile, differential leukocyte
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