Judul: Variasi Gen Pengkode Subunit E1β Branched-Chain α- Keto Acid Dehydrogenase Complex Pada Kambing Kacang Dan Kosta
Abstrak: Kompleks branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKDH) merupakan kompleks multi enzim yang memiliki peran penting dalam regulasi katabolisme asam amino bercabang (branched-chain amino acids, BCAA). Informasi mengenai gen BCKDH telah dilaporkan pada sapi, sedangkan pada ruminansia kecil seperti kambing dan domba hingga saat ini belum ada laporan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memetakan variasi ekson 1, 3, dan 4 dari gen pengkode subunit E1β branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDHB) pada kambing kacang (n=2) dan kosta (n=2) jantan. Proses amplifikasi DNA dengan teknik PCR menggunakan pasangan primer AF515-AF516, AF519-AF520, dan AF521-AF522 adalah sekuen ekson 1 (64 bp), ekson 3 (134 pb), dan ekson 4 (156 pb) yang conserved pada keempat sekuen yang dianalisis. Situs yang bervariasi terdapat pada daerah 5’UTR (C10G dan A11C), intron 1 (G199C, C302T, C461T, C538T, dan C583T), dan intron 4 (T553C dan A758G). Penyejajaran hasil deduksi asam amino menunjukkan bahwa keempat sekuen kambing identik dengan sekuen asam amino dari kambing hitam Yunnan yang telah dipublikasikan di GenBank (XM_005684454 dan NC_022301). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa variasi nukleotida yang terdapat pada intron 1 dan 4 merupakan mutasi netral.
Keyword: BCAA, BCKDHB, kambing kacang, kambing kosta

Judul: Keragaman Gen Branched Chain Ketoacid Dehydrogenase E1-α Polypeptide (BCKDHA) Ekson 2 dan 3 pada Sapi Madura
Abstrak: Branched Chain α-Ketoacid Dehydrogenase (BCKD) enzyme complex have a role in metabolism of Branched Chain Amino Acid (BCAA). BCKDHA gene encoding the first subunit of these enzyme complex within mithochondrion. Mutation in BCKDHA gene caused deficiency of BCKD complex that caused Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD). The aim of this research is to detect variability of BCKDHA gene in madura cattle using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) method. According to migration pattern of single strand in PAGE 9%, there was four types found in exon 2 and 3 BCKDHA gene in madura cattle, that is A, B, C and D. There was two types of gene found in cattle that its origin from Bangkalan, which is A and C, whereas type that found in Sampang was four, which is A, B, C and D. The highest frequency in two locations is type A, in Bangkalan (83%) and in Sampang (50%).
Keyword: BCKDHA, exon 2, exon 3, gene, madura cattle, SSCP, gene type.

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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