Judul: Identifikasi dan Karakterisasi Plasmodium Pada Beruk (Macaca nemestrina) di Pusat Studi Satwa Primata IPB
Abstrak: Beruk (Macaca nemestrina) merupakan salah satu satwa primata yang saat ini populasinya di alam mengalami penurunan. Penyakit yang dapat menyerang satwa, khususnya pada primata adalah malaria yang disebabkan oleh Plasmodium sp.. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari morfologi Plasmodium sp. pada beruk (Macaca nemestrina) melalui teknik ulas darah. Penelitian ini juga membedakan presentase sel darah putih (leukosit) antara beruk yang terinfeksi dan yang tidak terinfeksi Plasmodium sp. Sampel darah diambil dari total 24 ekor beruk pada satu populasi penangkaran untuk pemeriksaan Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) dan dilanjutkan dengan pemeriksaan hematologi. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan statistik. Analisis deskriptif pada masing-masing sampel menunjukkan darah beruk yang terinfeksi Plasmodium sp. sudah mencapai stadium skizon. Analisis statistik menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan nyata antara beruk yang positif dan negatif Plasmodium sp.., Southern pig-tailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina) is one of the primates whose population in nature is currently decreasing. One of the diseases that can attack animals, especially primates, is malaria caused by Plasmodium sp.. This study aims to determine the morphology of Plasmodium sp. on macaques (Macaca nemestrina) through the blood smear technique. In addition, this study also differentiates the percentage of white blood cells (leukocytes) between infected and uninfected monkeys with Plasmodium sp. Blood samples were taken from 24 macaques in one captive population for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) examination and continued with hematological examination. Data collection was carried out by examining a blood sample in the form of a blood smear. Data were analyzed descriptively and statistically. A Descriptive analysis on each sample showed the blood of monkeys infected with Plasmodium sp. had reached the schizont stage. Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference between positive and negative Plasmodium sp..
Keyword: beruk, malaria, Plasmodium sp., sel darah putih, ulas darah

Judul: Overview of White Blood Cell in Macaca fascicularis with Plasmodium spp Infection Status
Abstrak: Keadaan hutan Indonesia sangat cocok sebagai tempat berkembangbiak monyet ekor panjang (Macaca fascicularis) dan vektor malaria (Plasmodium spp.), serta pemanfaatan area hutan oleh manusia mungkinkan terjadinya penyebaran penyakit malaria pada manusia melalui monyet. Plasmodium spp. ditularkan dari individu ke individu lainnya melalui gigitan nyamuk Anopheles. Pada penelitian ini penggunaan monyet ekor panjang sebagai hewan model dikarenakan memiliki anatomi dan fisiologi yang sama dengan manusia. Sampel yang digunakan berupa whole blood dari Macaca fascicularis, selanjutnya dibuat ulasan darah diatas gelas objek dan diwarnai dengan Giemsa. Sampel tersebut telah dikonfrimasi status infeksi Plasmodium spp. melalui uji Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), selanjutnya ulasan tersebut dilakukan perhitungan diferensial leukosit. Data yang didapat dianalisis secara deskriptif dan diolah secara statistik dengan uji Mann Whitney. Hasil perhitungan diferensial leukosit menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang nyata pada jenis neutrofil batang antara monyet ekor panjang yang positif infeksi Plasmodium spp. dengan kontrol negatif. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan fase infeksi Plasmodium spp. yang ditemukan pada sampel darah adalah fase tropozoid, fase skizon, dan fase gametosit., The condition of Indonesia's forests is very suitable as a breeding ground for long-tailed monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) and malaria vectors (Plasmodium spp.), and the use of forest areas by humans allows the spread of malaria to humans through monkeys. Plasmodium spp. transmitted from individual to individual through the bite of the Anopheles mosquito. In this study, the use of long-tailed monkeys as animal models is due to having the same anatomy and physiology as humans. The sample used was whole blood from Macaca fascicularis, then blood smear preparations was made on an object glass and stained with Giemsa. The sample has confirmed the infection status of Plasmodium spp. through the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test, then calculated the differential leukocyte count. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively and statistically with the Mann Whitney test. The results of the differential leukocyte count showed a significant difference in the types of stem neutrophils between long-tailed monkeys that were positive for Plasmodium spp. infection with negative control. The results showed that the infection phase of Plasmodium spp. The results showed that the infection phase found in blood samples are trophozoite stage, schizont phase, and gametocyte phase.
Keyword: leukosit, monyet ekor panjang, Plasmodium spp, ulas darah

Judul: Pemanfaatan gas karbon tungku sekam untuk pengembangan kompor dengan bahan bakar campuran air dan bahan bakar nabati/bahan bakar fosil dengan metode kavitasi
Abstrak: The world's population continuously grows at a quarter million people per day. This fast growing population has raised the world energy consumption up to 474x1018 J per year with 80 to 90 percent derived from the combustion of fossil fuels. It is estimated that the fossil energy will be lasted in 42 years. Rice husk is an alternative of non-fossil energy that may be utilized in traditional way of cooking (burning it in a traditional stove). One of the renewable energy has great potential to overcome the energy crisis was utilization of rice husk to husk stove. However, the utilization of rice husks to generate carbon gas stove that quite a lot. Excessive concentration of carbon in the air is not a good for the environment, because the excees carbon released into the air can make climate change will complicate things even further. So, we need a new alternative to utilize carbon gases from burning the husk. The purpose of the utilization of carbon gases from burning rice husk is to create alternative energy that can reduce the release of carbon into the air as part of efforts to reduce global warming impact method used in the manufacture of alternative energy is the method by cavitation. In order to reduce the gas pollution the gas may be mixed with kerosene and water using sonochemical technique to produce dry steam, so the dry steam from cavitation process can be used as fuel. The process result can be done to boil 1 liter water with energy efficiency between 11.44% - 18.16%. The stove with fuel of waterbio ethanol using cavitation method can be used to boil 1 liter water with energy efficiency between 13.25% - 17.50%. Carbon flown on stove interfered toward energy efficiency and can accelerate boiling time of 1 liter water.
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