Judul: Development Strategy of Rice Farming Areas Based on Farmer’s Preferences and Land Resource in South Bangka Regency
Abstrak: As the highest rice producer in the Province of Bangka Belitung Archipelago, South Bangka Regency has not until now capable of being selfsufficiency. Increasing activities in tin mining and plantation trigger farmers to switch their profession and/or to convert the usage of their farmlands, so that it can be an obstacle in establishing food security in the Province of Bangka Belitung Archipelago. Food security is a determining factor of national stability of a country. Various social and political instability can be happened if the food security is disturbed. Therefore, a comprehensive rice farmland development strategy is needed. This research aimed at to: (1) analyze priorities of rice farming development strategy based on hierarchy analysis of the farmer’s preferences, (2) identify land resource for rice farming development based on Landsat image interpretation, land suitability and rice farming spatial pattern of the regency regional spatial arrangement plan, and (3) compose strategy direction of rice farmland development in South Bangka Regency to achieve rice self-sufficiency. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to arrange strategy priority of the rice farming area development that based on the farmer’s preference. The strategies and actions analyzed in AHP was referred to the Law No.41/2009 and Government Ordinance No.12/2010 that were chosen based on land suitability and conditions as well as culture of the rice farmers in South Bangka Regency. To identify the available land resources for rice farming area development the GIS analysis was performed by overlaying the actual land cover, rice farming spatial pattern of the regency regional spatial arrangement plan, and land suitability for rice farming. Results of the farmer’s preference analysis and the available land recources were finally sinthesyzed to get development strategy of the rice farming area. The first two of the farmer prioritized strategies were the development of agricultural infrastructures and the increase in rice production facilities. Farmers of the moderately developed area also considered product marketing improvement as an important strategy, while those of the undeveloped area preferred an increase in the government incentives. Land resource suitable for wetland rice farming were identified with suitability class of S1, S2, and S3 covering area of respectively 8,680, 30, and 3,070 ha, while for upland rice farming with suitability class of S3 covering area of respectively 10,390 ha. The development strategy for the moderately developed area was directed primarily to increase the farm business productivity, while for the undeveloped area was to protect the existence of rice farming activities. By implementing land extensification and intensification scenario, rice self-sufficiency at South Bangka Regency and Province of Bangka Belitung Archipelago level can be achieved in respectively year 2017 and 2032.
Keyword: available land, rice, farmer’s preference, development strategy.

Judul: Direction and Strategy for Wetland Ricefield Extensification in Coastal Development Region of West Kalimantan Province
Abstrak: The Coastal Development Region (DR) is the rice production center and supplier even for the other three DRs of West Kalimantan Province. However, by assuming cropping index of 130%, risk of harvest failure of 5% per year, and conversion of wetland ricefield of 9.8% per year, then the milled rice production of the Coastal DR in 2016 was predicted to achieve 460,178 ton that resulted in a deficit up to 9,922 ton out of the consumption requirement of its population that amounted to 470,100 ton. If it is not complemented with wetland ricefield extensification, then its role as the rice supplier for the three other DRs will also be finished in 2016 and it the food security condition in West Kalimantan Province will be affected. Therefore, a comprehensive planning, direction, and strategy for wetland ricefields extensification is needed in the Coastal DR of West Kalimantan Province. The location of this research consisted of seven regency/city included in the Coastal DR of West Kalimantan Province, namely Regency of Sambas, Bengkayang, Pontianak, Ketapang, Kayong Utara, Kubu Raya, and city of Singkawang. The objectives of this research were to: (1) identify potential lands for wetland ricefield extensification, (2) identify regional wetland rice production center based on comparative and competitive advantages, (3) identify cluster and typology of regional development level for wetland ricefield extensification, and (4) formulate regional cluster-based direction and strategy for wetland ricefields extensification in Coastal DR of West Kalimantan Province. Analysis was started with preparation of landuse map 2013 based on interpretation of Landsat 8 imagery using on screen digitation method. Potential area for wetland ricefield extensification was identified by overlaying landuse map 2013, land suitability map for wetland from RePPProt, and provincial RTRW map. The basis and/or leading region of wetland rice production was determined based on the results of Location Quotient (LQ) and Shift Share Analysis (SSA). Cluster and typology of the region was derived from the results of Cluster Analysis and Discriminant Analysis based on rice farming activity characteristics. Direction of priority region for wetland ricefield extensification was based on synthesis of results of the preceding analyses by referring to the Minister of Agriculture Regulation Number 50/2012 concerning Guidelines for development of agricultural region, and SWOT analysis was used to determine strategy priority. Landuse types in the Coastal DR consisted of mixed plantations covering area of 1,143,710 ha (20% of the total provincial area of 5,664,580 ha), swampy shrubs of 582,700 ha (10%), bushes and shrubs of 308,590 ha (5%), drylands of 243,660 ha (4%), wetland ricefields of 189,420 ha (3%), and waterlogged swamps of 184,940 ha (3%). The largest swampy shrubs, and bushes and shrubs were found in Ketapang Regency. Waterlogged swamps were only found in Ketapang Regency. Drylands and wetland ricefields were dominantly found in Sambas and Kubu Raya Regency. Based on the results of recapitulation of the existing and potential areas, it was identified available lands that could be used for wetland ricefield extensification amounted to 411,960 ha; mostly (>50%) were in Sambas and Ketapang Regency. The conditionally potential lands were identified to be 230,560 ha and
Keyword: Coastal Development Region., extensification direction and strategy, wetland ricefield, West Kalimantan

Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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