Judul: Gastrointestinal Parasitic Helminth Infection in Dairy Cattle at PT Great Giant Livestock, Lampung
Abstrak: Kecacingan dapat menyebabkan penurunan produksi susu pada ternak dewasa dan dapat menurunkan laju pertumbuhan pada ternak muda. Daun katuk dapat meningkatkan produksi dan kualitas kolostrum dan susu kolostrum pada sapi perah. Daun katuk mengandung banyak asam amino yang dapat menstimulasi produksi susu. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur tingkat kejadian infeksi, mengidentifikasi jenis dan intensitas infeksi cacing gastrointestinal, serta mengkaji pengaruh pemberian katuk depolarisasi terhadap kecacingan pada sapi perah di PT Great Giant Livestock, Terbanggi Besar, Lampung Tengah. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua tahapan yaitu pengambilan sampel dan teknik identifikasi. Sampel feses berasal dari PT Great Giant Livestock. Teknik identifikasi terdiri dari Pupukan Feses, Metode Baermann, McMaster, Flotasi Sederhana, dan Filtrasi-Sedimentasi. Tingkat kejadian infeksi cacing parasit gastrointestinal pada sapi perah tergolong sedang yaitu 35,71% (5/14). Telur yang teridentifikasi adalah telur jenis strongyloid dari kelas nematoda. Tidak ditemukan telur cacing cestoda maupun trematoda dalam pemeriksaan tinja. Nilai rataan geometrik Telur Tiap Gram Tinja (TTGT) menunjukkan derajat kecacingan tergolong ringan (<500 TTGT). Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa konsumsi 100 g katuk depolarisasi yang dicampur dalam complete feed setiap hari selama 3 bulan tidak mengurangi jumlah telur cacing parasit gastrointestinal., Helminthiasis can cause a decrease in milk production in adult cattle and reduce the growth rate in young cattle. Katuk (Sauropus androgynus) leaves can increase the production and quality of colostrum and colostrum milk in dairy cattle. Katuk leaves contain many amino acids that can stimulate milk production. This study aimed to measuring the incidence of infection, identify the type and intensity of gastrointestinal helminth infection, as well as assessing the effect of giving depolarizing Sauropus androgynus to helminthiasis in dairy cattle at PT Great Giant Livestock, Terbanggi Besar, Central Lampung. This study consisted of two stages, namely sampling and identification techniques. Stool samples came from PT Great Giant Livestock. The identification technique consisted of Fecal culture, Baermann method, McMaster, Simple Flotation, and Filtration-Sedimentation. The incidence rate of gastrointestinal parasitic worm infections in the dairy cows was moderate, i.e 35,71% (5/14). The eggs identified were strongyloid eggs from the nematode class. No cestode nor trematode eggs were found in the fecal examination. The geometric mean value of eggs per gram of fecal sample (EPG) indicates a mild degree of helminthiasis (<500 EPG). The result showed consumption of 100 g of depolarizing katuk mixed in a complete feed every day for 3 months did not reduce the number of gastrointestinal parasitic helminth egg.
Keyword: PT Great Giant Livestock, Dairy Cattle, Depolarizing Katuk, Strongyloid

Judul: Prevalence, Risk Factors and Degree of Helminthiasis of  Cattle Limousin in BPTU-HPT Padang Mangatas
Abstrak: Helmintiasis merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh infeksi cacing parasit dapat menyebabkan malnutrisi, gangguan kesehatan dan penurunan produktivitas ternak. Cross sectional study dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat prevalensi, faktor risiko dan derajat infeksi kecacingan pada sapi limousin di Balai Pembibitan Ternak Unggul dan Hijauan Pakan Ternak (BPTU-HPT) Padang Mangatas. Sampel diperiksa secara kualitatif dengan metode sedimentasi dan pengapungan serta kuantitatif dengan metode McMaster. Penelitian ini dilengkapi dengan data sekunder helmintiasis pada sapi limousin selama tiga tahun terakhir 2018-2020 dikumpulkan dari catatan surveilans BPTU-HPT Padang Mangatas. Sapi limousin di BPTU-HPT Padang Mangatas memiliki prevalensi helmintiasis cukup tinggi. Secara keseluruhan, prevalensi infeksi cacing gastrointestinal (GI) adalah 66,67% dan telur yang teridentifikasi adalah telur jenis strongyle (59,26%) dan Moniezia benedeni (12,96%). Prevalensi infeksi pada sapi indukan (0%) secara signifikan lebih rendah (P<0,001) dibandingkan dengan sapi muda (84,37%), dan pedet (81,82%). Nilai rataan geometrik Telur Tiap Gram Tinja (TTGT) menunjukkan derajat helmintiasis tergolong ringan., Helminthiasis is a disease caused by the infection of helminth that can cause malnutrition, health problems and decrease in livestock productivity. The crosssectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence, degree, and risk factors for helminthiasis in limousine cattle at Balai Pembibitan Ternak Unggul dan Hijauan Pakan Ternak (BPTU-HPT) Padang Mangatas. Fecal sample were examined qualitatively by sedimentation and floatation methods and quantitatively by the McMaster method. Secondary data of helminthiasis cases in limousine cattle during the last three years 2018-2020 was collected from BPTUHPT Padang Mangatas surveillance record. Overall, the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) helminth infection on limousine cattle at BPTU-HPT Padang Mangatas was 66.67 %. The eggs identified were Strongyle type egg (59.26%) and Moniezia benedeni. (12.96%). The prevalence of infection in cattle above 2 years (0%) was significantly lower (P<0.001) than calves aged under 8 months of age (84.37%), and young cattle between 8-24 months of age (81.82%). The geometric mean of Egg per gram (EPG) values shows the degree of helminth infection is relatively low (<500 EPG).
Keyword: BPTU-HPT Padang Mangatas, helminthiasis, limousine cattle

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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