Judul: Tata kelola terhadap Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan/Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan Karantina (OPT/OPTK) di Balai Karantina Pertanian Kelas II Cilegon, Banten
Abstrak: Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan/ Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan Karantina (OPT/OPTK) merupakan organisme yang dapat membawa penyakit baru ke suatu wilayah dan baru bisa masuk ke suatu wilayah jika media pembawa yang masuk ke suatu wilayah tersebut tidak mendapat tata kelola dari pihak atau instansi yang bertanggung jawab. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah membuat kebijakan yang tertuang dalam Undang Undang nomor 21 tahun 2019 mengenai tindakan karantina 8P (pemeriksaan, pengasingan, pengamatan, perlakuan, penahanan, penolakan, pemusnahan dan pembebasan) yang hanya dapat dilakukan oleh Balai Karantina Pertanian dalam mencegah masuknya media pembawa penyakit baru masuk ke wilayah Indonesia. Tujuan khusus dari kegiatan magang ini mempelajari secara langsung implementasi, tata kelola, dan manajemen tindakan karantina di Balai Karantina Pertanian Kelas II Cilegon. Pelaksanaan kegiatan magang dilakukan dengan melakukan praktik langsung pada setiap kegiatan tindakan karantina, dan diskusi maupun wawancara yang dilakukan dengan petugas karantina pertanian yang bertugas. Implementasi tindakan karantina di Balai Karantina Pertanian Kelas II Cilegon sudah sesuai dengan tugas pokok dan fungsi (TUPOKSI) BKP Kelas II Cilegon untuk mencegah masuk dan tersebarnya OPT/OPTK kedalam wilayah NKRI melalui wilayah kerja BKP II Cilegon. Implementasi TUPOKSI BKP Kelas II Cilegon dilakukan melalui pemeriksaan terhadap media pembawa pada kegiatan ekspor, impor, dan antar area, kemudian pengambilan sampel, pengujian sampel, dan pemusnahan. Meskipun demikian, ada beberapa hal perlu dievaluasi yaitu teknis pengambilan sampel agar sesuai ketentuan sehingga peran karantina tumbuhan semakin baik dalam menjalankan perannya.
Keyword: inspection, management, tupoksi, the law number 19 2019, 8P

Judul: Management of plant pests in the Balai Karantina Pertanian Kelas I Pekanbaru, Riau
Abstrak: Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan yang terbawa media pembawa dapat menimbulkan masalah di wilayah baru jika tidak dikelola dengan baik. Berdasarkan Undang Undang nomor 21 tahun 2019, pemerintah RI melalui Badan Karantina Pertanian berwenang melakukan tindakan karantina untuk mencegah masuknya OPT baru ke wilayah Indonesia. Tindakan karantina meliputi pemeriksaan, pengasingan, pengamatan, perlakuan, penahanan, penolakan, pemusnahan dan pembebasan (8 P). Tujuan khusus dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari secara langsung manajemen tindakan karantina di Balai Karantina Pertanian Kelas I Pekanbaru, Riau. Kegiatan dilakukan dengan melakukan praktik langsung pada setiap kegiatan tindakan karantina, dan diskusi maupun wawancara dengan petugas karantina pertanian yang bertugas. Data tindakan karantina terkait kegiatan impor, ekspor, antar wilayah, pengujian sampel, penahanan, penolakan dan pemusnahan diperoleh dari tahun 2017 hingga 2021. Jenis komoditas ekspor melalui Balai Karantina Pertanian Kelas I Pekanbaru ada 76 komoditas dengan kisaran volume 900.000 hingga 3.000.000 ton/tahun. Jenis komoditas impor ada 34 komoditas dengan kisaran volume 70.000 hingga 130.000 ton/tahun. Komoditas antar wilayah ada 47 komoditas dengan kisaran volume 1000 hingga 12.000 ton/tahun. Selama kurun waktu 2017 hingga 2021 ada 3 tindakan karantina, yaitu penahanan, penolakan, dan pemusnahan., Plant pests carried by carrier media can cause problems in new areas if not managed properly. Based on law number 21 of 2019, the Indonesian government through the agricultural quarantine agency has the authority to take quarantine measures to prevent the entry of new pests into Indonesian territory. Quarantine measures include inspection, exile, observation, treatment, detention, rejection, destruction and release (8 P). The specific purpose of this research is a direct action management at Balai Karantina Pertanian Kelas I Pekanbaru, Riau. Activities were carried out by conducting the direct practice in each quarantine action activity and discussions and interviews with agricultural quarantine officers on duty. Quarantine action data related to import, export, domestic, sample testing, detention, rejection and destruction were obtained from 2017 to 2021. Types of export commodities through the Balai Karantina Pertanian Kelas I Pekanbaru were 76 commodities with a volume range of 900.000 to 3.000.000 tons/year. There were 34 imported commodities with a volume range of 70.000 to 130.000 tons/year. There were 47 commodities transported between regions with a volume range of 1000 to 12.000 tons/year. During 2017 to 2021, there were 3 quarantine measures, namely detention, rejection, and destruction.
Keyword: export, import, quarantine actions

Judul: The Effects of Variance of Interest rate to Variance of Annuity Future Values
Abstrak: Time value of money is a concept that refers to the difference of the value of money due to time difference. The value of money for present time would not be the same as the value of money in the future. The value of money for present time is called as Present Value (PV) of the money and the value of money for future time is called Future Value (FV) of the money. Determination the value of money, for present and future time, depends on the time and rate of return. The value of money is determined by several factors such as inflation, fluctuation of interest rates, and government policy in securities and taxation. Due to fluctuation of the value of money we need a FV formulation, it is useful for knowing whether an investment can be profitable or not, and this information is useful also in budget analysis. Annuity is defined as a series of payments made for a specific period. The payment, fixed or varied, can be made at the beginning or at the end of the period. Annuity paid at the beginning of the period is called annuity-due and annuity paid at the end of the period is called immediate annuity-certain. The accumulated value of the annuity after few years later is called as a final value or a future value. Burnecki et al. (2003) have discussed about the FV of a fixed-rate annuity in which payments are made according to the arithmetic or geometric series. They have also examined FV for annuities in which payments are made according to arithmetic or geometric series with random rates of interest. This paper examines FV for annuity-due in which payments are made according to arithmetic or geometric series with interest rates as a random variable, which is normal distribution ,  . Future value formula is expressed in recursive form. FV for annuity-due which payments are made according to the arithmetic or geometric series with random rates of interest is calculated by theoretical way and simulation way. The random rates of interest is denoted as k k i  i  , where k i an independent random variable; i is a constant and k  is a random variable which has normal distribution ,  . By using the determined parameters, a sequence of random rates of interest are generated for theoretical calculation. Meanwhile for the simulation, the random rates of interest is generated 1000 times for the simulation. The generated data give mean value, variance, and standard deviation. Moreover, error of mean value, variance, and standard deviation from the theoretical and simulation results are calculated. Error calculation uses Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error (SMAPE). The smaller the value of SMAPE is the more accurate the simulation. The interest rate variances are varied from 0.000036 to 0.0001 to study the relationship between variance of rates of interest and variance of future value. The theoretical and simulation results show that when the variance of random rates of interest increases, then the variance of FV increases linearly. FV of the annuity-due in
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