Judul: Surface Run Off and Surface Erosion in Teak (Tectona grandis, L.f) Forest with Various Soil and Water Conservation Measures (Case Study : RPH Getas, BKPH Monggot, KPH Gundih Perum Perhutani Unit I Jawa Tengah).
Abstrak: Land use activities for a certain purpose without considering soil and water conservation principles could impact negatively on the productivity of land, as well as sedimentation, in the downstream area, and further flood and siltation of rivers and reservoirs. Therefore, reseraches on surface run off and soil surface erosion are necessary as inputs for land manager, to manage the the land to control surgace run-off and soil ersosion as well as`sedimentation. The research was conducted in the area of compartment no 59j, RPh Getas, BKPH Monggot, KPH Gundih Perhutani Unit I Central Java in period November 2010 - March 2011. The aim of this research is to obtain the best practice on teak planting based on surface run off and soil erosion rate. The Benefit of the research is to provide information to formulate policies of teak forest management. The result show that surface run off in plot 1 (teak, corn, and kmelandingan) > plot 4 (bench terraces) > plot 3 (ridge terraces) > plot 2 (ridge terraces), and surface erosion on plot 1 (teak, corn, and kemlandingan) > plot 3 (ridge terraces) > plot 4 (bench terraces) > plot 2 (ridge terraces). The rate of surface run off in each plots are 6734,39 m3/ha/year (plot 1), 2253,94 m3/ha/tahun (plot 2), 3103,44 m3/ha/year (plot 3), dan 3187,43 m3/ha/year (plot 4), while the rate of surface erosion in each plots are 3,11 ton/ha/year (plot 1), 1,01 ton/ha/year (plot 2), 2,26 ton/ha/year (plot 3) dan 2,54 ton/ha/year (plot 4). Based on the results of t-test, the average values of the surface run off of each plots are not significantly different (Vtp1 = Vtp2 = Vtp3 = Vtp4 dan Etp1 = Etp2 = Etp3 = Etp4). Tolarable erosion values in each plot ranges from 16-17 tonnes / ha / year. The result of erosion in each plot show that actual erosion in each plot is lower than tolarable erosion. Based on Erosion Hazard Index criteria published by the Ministry of Forestry, and soil solum of 60-90 cm the erosion of each plot is categorized as low. This Research concludes that, actual erosion in each plot is lower than tolarable erosion. The making of gulud terraces and bench terraces can reduce surface runoff and erosion, compared with plots that do not use the terrace. Based on criteria of surface rum off and surface erosion, the utilization of ridge terraces, is the best soil and water conservation measures in application of teak planting.
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Judul: Korelasi arsitektur pohon model rauh dari jenis pinus merkusii junghuhn & de vriese dengan konservasi tanah dan air di area PHBM yang ditanami coffea arabica L. RPH Gambung KPH Bandung Selatan
Abstrak: Trees in CBFM (Community-Based Forest Management) ecosystems are suspected to modify rainfall interception, infiltration and as a consequence, erosion. Their effect urges to be assessed and modelled in various conditions of soil and density of vegetation. The most important parameters that affect the soil water balance and erosion were identified as being the total input of water (throughfall and stemflow) to the ground and the runoff ratio. This research was studied correlation of erosion on rainfall, throughfall, stemflow, and runoff. The aims of the research were to : (1) identify architecture model of pine tree, (2) observe throughfall, stemflow, runoff, and soil loss values, (3) study impact of architecture model of pine tree to water and soil conservation. Runoff and soil loss data were collected for thirty-four days of rainfall from three runoff plots situated on a 36% uniform slope areas. Three fields are studied on this research ; pine forest planted with Coffea arabica L., natural vegetation dominated by Altingia excelsa Noronha., and cultivated land. Erosion measurement was conducted at plots 12 long and 4 m wide. The result of the research indicates that P.merkusii and A.excelsa have same tree architecture, Rauh model. Result of loading plot analysis indicate that correlation between throughfall, stemflow and runoff with rainfall and erosion are positive. Forest planted P. merkusii and natural vegetation dominated by A. excelsa prevent or decrease the risk of soil erosion. The greatest amount of sedimentation was observed in cultivated land (55.99 ton/ha/yr). In conclusion, important to consider the type and model of tree architecture which will be planted so as to conserve soil and water and to keep the ground cover to decrease soil erosion.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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