Judul: Optimasi Proses Pengeringan Simplisia Kayu Secang (Sappan Lignum) dan Aplikasinya pada Produk Minuman
Abstrak: Secangs plant (Caesalpinia sappan Linn.) or locally known as sappanwood, have long been used in a favorite beverage such as bir pletok from Betawi. In the progress of their utilization, sappanwood is used as simplicia in the pharmaceutical field. Simplicia is a natural material that presented in the dry form. Utilization of post-harvest handling technologies such as drying is an alternative technology to create a standard in producing simplicia of sappanwood (Sappan Lignum). The aims of study were to identify the practices of harvest and post harvest of sappanwood, to optimize the drying process of Sappan Lignum, to identify the availability of brazilin content, and to assess the level of consumer’s acceptance of sappan drink. This study consists of three phases. Phase I was to know the optimum brazilin content in samples from lowland (Takalar Regency) and highland (Gowa Regency) in South Sulawesi with three different cutting types. Phase II was to optimize the drying process by using Design Expert 8.0® with drying variables i.e. temperature (40°-60°C), air velocity (0,78-0,95m/s), and relative humidity (30-60%). The responses were analyzed i.e. dried shrinkage, brazilin content, colors (L and oHue), and drying time. Phase III was to produce sappan drink followed by organoleptic test (hedonic test). The results showed that the stem of plants with a big size is optimum to be harvested. The spines, the outer layer, and cambium of harvested sappanwood are removed to get wood core. Sappan Lignum from highlands (Lonjo'boko Village, Gowa Regency) have stick form contained the highest brazilin (79,87mg/g). The selected solution for optimum drying process of simplicia were drying temperature (60°C), air velocity (0,78m/s), and relative humidity (30%), with desirability value (0,709). Sappan drink produced from dried Sappan Lignum and fresh sappanwood showed the same acceptance level of the panelists in taste, aroma, and color.
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Judul: Pengawetan Kayu Sengon (Falcataria moluccana Miq.) dengan Diffusol CB
Abstrak: Innovation in wood science and technology could improve the service life of sengon wood (Falcataria moluccana Miq.) through the wood preservation process, especially with a cold immersion method. Analysis of data was conducted in a descriptive with the retention, weight loss, grave yard test valuation, moisture content, density, specific gravity, MOE and MOR parameters of the sengon wood (Falcataria moluccana Miq.). Samples were prepared with 3 combinations of variant consisting of: (a) Variant of wood inside (sapwood and heartwood); (b) Variant of age (5, 6, 7 years); and (c) Variant of height position (bottom, middle, and upper). The application of preservative diffusol CB through the cold immersion method on sengon wood age 5, 6, and 7 years can improve the physical properties (moisture content, specify gravity and density of the wood), and durability of wood (retention, weight loss, grave yard test), as well as could reduce the organism attack (termite Macrotermes gilvus and fungi Pycnoporus cinnabarinus) when compared to control. Mechanical properties (MOE and MOR) sengon wood in bottom position of inclined downward from the pith to bark.
Keyword: grave yard test, cold immersion, diffusol CB, Falcataria moluccana

Judul: Karakterisasi Urutan Nukleotida DNA Mitokondria Penyandi trna Valin (trnaval) Pada Reptilia
Abstrak: Urutan nukleotida beberapa gen tRNAVal diekstrak dari genom lengkap mitokondria reptilia yang diambil dari GenBank serta dua genom parsial mitokondria milik Laboratorium Zoologi, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Urutan nukleotida gen tRNAVal yang diperoleh kemudian dijajarkan berdasarkan struktur sekundernya. Gen ini terletak tepat di antara gen 12S rRNA dan 16S rRNA tanpa adanya penataan ulang posisi maupun pseudogen. Komposisi nukleotida didominasi oleh basa A dan T. Mutasi yang terjadi pada bagian batang kebanyakan adalah substitusi transisi. Gen ini dapat digunakan dalam analisis filogenetik namun menghasilkan struktur pohon yang kurang stabil. Selain urutan nukleotida pada bagian batang tRNA, nukleotida pada bagian lainnya (kecuali bagian simpai D dan T) dapat diikutsertakan di dalam analisis. Pohon filogeni yang dihasilkan mendukung formasi burung dan crocodilia dalam klad Archosauria, dan juga kecenderungan kurakura terhadap diapsida terutama Archosauria.
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