Judul: Potensi Partikel Fe Valensi Nol sebagai Pendegradasi Pestisida Organoklorin dan Surfaktan Alkilbenzenasulfonat
Abstrak: Remediation technology using zero valence Fe particles (Fe0) as an effective environmentally friendly pollutant degradation agent has been concerned by researchers in the last decade. In this research, Fe0 particles have been synthesized by using FeSO4·6H2O and Na2S2O3. The Fe0 particles were then tested for their ability in degrading hexachlorobenzene (HCB), hexachloroethane (HCE), and dodecylbenzenesulfonate (DBS) including their degradation performance and their respective kinetics. The degradation performance assay showed that the Fe0 particles were not able to degrade HCB and HCE optimally. However, DBS was successfully degraded by Fe0 even though it had just reached about 50% from the initial concentration. The best DBS degradation was conducted at pH 4 with optimum time of 40 minutes. DBS degradation reaction followed partial first order with an observed rate constant (k) of 4.0×10-3 min-1 and 8.74×10-3 min-1 for graphic method and substitution method, respectively.
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Judul: Bioremediasi Lahan Tercemar Profenofos Secara ex-situ dengan Cara Pengomposan
Abstrak: Pesticide have significantly increased agricultural yields while impacting detrimentally on the food chain of wildlife and human. Composting bioremediation strategy relies on mixing the primary ingredients of composting with contaminated soil, wherein as the compost matures, the pollutant will be degraded by the active microorganisms within the mixture. Composting is a relatively new clean-up strategy and because of this, there are a limited number of studies. This study was carried out to determine the concentration of profenofos decomposition rate of profenofos-contaminated soil composted with agricultural wastes (such as saw dust, carrot leaves, beef manure). The mixed of them was based on C/N ratio 40, 35 and 30. The degradation of profenofos was measured during the composting. The composting with C/N ratio 30 mineralized profenofos rapidly than the others after 28 days of composting (98% of profenofos). Bioremediation could be increased the crop yield compared to unbioremediated soil. Some kinds of bacteria have been isolated from the compost mixture. Three of them were able to grow in solid medium containing 1500 ppm of profenofos. The ability to degradate the profenofos was tested in mineral salt peptone yeast (MSPY) medium by changing from opaque medium to clear medium. It’s ability was indicated by the formation of clear zones surrounding the bacteria.
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Judul: Karakteristik Anatomi Skelet Kepala Badak Jawa (Rhinoceros sondaicus)
Abstrak: Badak jawa (Rhinoceros sondaicus) adalah spesies badak bercula satu yang hidup di Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon (TNUK), Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari karakteristik anatomi skelet kepala badak jawa yang dikaitkan dengan perilakunya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengamati struktur dua buah skelet kepala badak jawa jantan. Skelet kepala diukur dimensi dan volume cavum cranii, dipelajari struktur dan formula giginya, didokumentasi, serta dipindai dengan CT scan. Penamaan unsur-unsur anatomi berdasarkan Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria 2015 dan kemudian struktur anatominya dibandingkan dengan pustaka pada hewan-hewan lain. Secara umum skelet kepala badak jawa memiliki pars splanchnocranii yang sangat berkembang, pars neurocranii yang meninggi ke posterior, dan atap kepala yang konkaf dan tebal disertai simus-sinus di profundal-nya. Skelet kepala badak jawa memiliki permukaan yang kasar pada os incisivum, os nasale, os frontale, dan os maxilla serta memiliki bungkul di os lacrimale dan rigi di os zygomaticum. Selain itu, hewan ini memiliki crista nuchae yang terletak di dorsoanterior condylus occipitalis dan squama occipitalis yang luas dengan persendian occipitoatlantis yang luas di sisi dorsal-nya. Arcus zygomaticus dan fossa temporalis pada hewan ini luas dan berkembang serta angulus mandibularis dan permukaan persendian rahang bawah pada os temporale yang luas. Bagian-bagian tersebut beradaptasi untuk mendukung perilaku badak jawa dalam mencari makan dan bertahan hidup….
Keyword: Javan Rhino, Rhinoceros sondaicus, Skull, Anatomy, Skull anatomy, Rhino behavior, Brain cavity, Internal structure, Darsal roof