Judul: Visual and olfaction responses of groupers to baits in relation to fishing effectiveness
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Abstrak: The mechanisms of bait detection by the groupers through vision and o lfactory sense in pot fishing have not been thoroughly studied. The general objective of this research is to reveal the vision and olfactory responses of groupers to various baits as attractors, and its relationship with the pot fishing effectiveness. The research was carried out from June 2007 to March 2008, conducted in two phases: phase I (laboratory scale) covering investigations on the grouper’s retinal physiology and brain weight ratio to reflect the function of olfactory and vision organs analysis o n chemical contents of baits, and reaction of groupers to the baits; phase II covering the field test, measuring the pot fishing effectiveness on groupers using natural and artificial baits. Comparative experiment methods were used and non parametric stat istical method (i.e. the median test) was applied to test the significancy of the results.
Keyword: catching effectiveness, density of cone cells, visual axis, sighting distance range, environment condition

Judul: Spatio-Temporal Utilizations, Environmental Parameters and Diversity of Grouper in Saleh Bay
Abstrak: Saleh Bay is a fishing area for local people, especially fishermen in Sumbawa and its surroundings. One of the reef fish resource commodities caught is grouper. However, the productivity of reef fish and demersal fish in Saleh Bay has decreased, leading to an overfishing status. Fishermen catch fish on a large scale, juvenile-sized grouper are caught, and there are indications of catching fish using fishing gear that is not environmentally friendly, such as bombs and potassium. In addition, several locations in the waters of Saleh Bay have been designated as marine conservation areas, so monitoring the utilization of the grouper fish resources is necessary. Therefore, this study aims to identify grouper fishing units, grouper utilization status and grouper fishing intensity in each fishing area, analyze grouper diversity (Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index, Margalef index, and Pielou index), and the condition of environmental and ecological parameters of grouper in Saleh Bay. This research was conducted in Saleh Bay, Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara, sample were taken from February to April 2021. Data on fish landings used included production, number of individuals, fishing gear, fishing effort, and coordinates of fishing areas. The environmental parameter data used is AQUA MODIS satellite image data, including sea surface temperature, chlorophyll-a, and currents. The analytical techniques in this study are descriptive analysis, catch per unit effort, spatial-temporal analysis, the diversity indices (Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index, Margalef index, and Pielou index), and trophic level. The results show that the grouper fishing fleet in Saleh Bay is a small-scale fishery with fishing gearsuch as bottom longline, troll-line, hand-line, and speargun. The trend of grouper resource utilization tends to increase, and fishing efforts positively influence grouper production in Saleh Bay. Based on CPUE and Fishing Power Index values, the order of the most effective fishing gear used to catch grouper is bottom longline, troll-line, hand-line, and speargun. The grouper fishing ground carried out by fishermen is divided into several locations: Liang Island, Ngali Island, Dempu Island, Lipan Island, Raft Island, and Nusa Pudu Island. The highest fishing intensity occurred around Liang Island, Ngali Island, and Rakit Island. The high intensity of fishing was indicated by the number of fishing operations and the CPUE value in the fishing ground. In the long term, it can lead to the degradation of the grouper population. In addition, fishermen are still catching fish around Liang Island, Lipan Island, and Rakit Island, some of whose water areas have been designated conservation areas. So, increasing supervision in managing grouper fisheries in Saleh Bay is necessary. The environmental conditions of the waters consisting of currents, sea surface temperature, and chlorophyll-a indicate that from July to September, the waters of Saleh Bay experienced an increase in water fertility. The sea surface temperature from July to September ranges from 27.9℃ to 29.4℃. The chlorophyll-a concentration from July to September ranged from 0.13mg/m to 9.05 mg/m³. Fertile waters will be used by phytoplankton, phytoplankton is eaten by zooplankton, small fish eat zooplankton, and small fish eat by big fish to top predators to create a food chain in these waters. Groupers were top
Keyword: Catch per Unit Effort, Fishing Ground, Grouper, Spatial-temporal, Saleh Bay

Judul: Diare pada anak sapi akibat infeksi virus corona bovine
Abstrak: Melihat tingginya mortalitas anak sapi yang berumur kurang dari tiga bulan di Indonesia mencapai 20 %, perlu kiranya mempelajari sebab-sebab kematiannya. Diare sering mengakibatkan kematian pada anak sapi yang baru lahir, salah satu sebab diare adalah infeksi virus Corona Bovine. Kasus diare oleh virus Corona Bovine (VCB) belum pernah dilaporkan di Indonesia, meskipun demikian kita harus was- pada terhadap sapi-sapi import. Virus Corona Bovine (VCB) mempunyai 6 karakteristik yaitu 1. Struktur permukaannya mempunyai paku-paku tegak lurus; 2. Ukuran besar 120 nm; 3. Berat jenis 1,18 gr/ml; 4. Replikasi dalam kantung sitoplasma; 5. Mempunyai inti RNA; 6. Mempunyai amplop yang mengandung lemak. VCB banyak menyerang anak sapi umur 5-21 hari dan ditularkan melalui feses, oleh hewan sakit atau hewan carier juga alat-alat yang terkontaminasi feses. Masa inkubasinya 19-24 jam dengan morbiditas dan mortalitas masing-masing mencapai 100% dan 30%, sehingga kerugian ekonomi yang disebabkan oleh infeksi VCB cukup berarti bagi suatu usaha peternakan sapi. Target organ VCB adalah villi usus halus dan usus besar, yang mengakibatkan atropy villi, malabsorpsi dan dehidratasi. ...
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