Judul: Study of brachiaria humidicola (Rendle) schweick persistency growth underneath coconut plantation after grazing
Abstrak: Actually, a combination of pasture and cattle system on coconut plantation is not a new practice. In fact, it has been applied for years in Indonesia but no promising results yet. This practice has always ended up with the so-called pasture run down. Therefore, it is not a sustainable practice.Various pasture and grazing management combined with shade tolerant forage were applied, but the production has not reached the target yet. Previous knowledge on the goal of defoliation or grazing is to trim plant‟s shoot to fulfill cattle‟s need (herbage allowance) without considering pasture health to grow and produce forage. Furthermore, grazing time is determined based on plant‟s age. However, due to climate change phenomenon, the temperature has fluctuated irregularly affecting on plant‟s growth and development. Therefore, using plant‟s age as a threshold could be inaccurate. More accurate method can be used by measuring heat unit accummulation to produce one phyllochron. Therefore, the main goal of this research was to increase the productivity of coconut plantation by combining pasture system with cattle. To analyse the persistency of grass plant B. Humidicola, this research was conducted with three objectives: 1) to find out the number of heat units required to produce one phyllochron of single grass plant B. Humidicola living within certain community, and growth patterns of them; 2) to find out effects of defoliation intensity and interval based on plant‟s age (callender days) and daily temperature accummulation (growing degree days) to the production of dry foliage biomass and nutrient content; 3) to measure coconut plantation productivity that has been combined with pasture and cattle, grazing experiment with different grazing methods and stocking rate was used in this study. This research was conducted from April 2008 to October 2010 in the experimental plantation of Coconut and Other Palmae Research Institute, Manado, North Sulawesi. The objective 1 was done to measure the needs of heat units to produce one phyllochron of Brachiaria humidicola plant growth and developed individually, compared to those in the community. Furthermore, growth pattern of the plant was also studied by measuring number of seedlings, nodes, and the length of stolon during of growth development (weeks). Analyses of t- test and deviation standard were used. With regard to objective 2, was studied the effects of intensity and interval of defoliation based on both the ages (days) of plant and the growing degree days, on the dried weight and nutrient content of foliage biomass. Treatments were arranged based on randomized complete block design. Objective 3 of this research was to understand effects of continuing grazing and rotational grazing at different stocking rates to pasture performance. This was measured with dried foliage biomass, population and the development of new shoot, botanical composition, nutrient content, dominant microorganism living 4 within plant‟s root and an increase of cattle weight. Treatments were arranged according to seperate block pattern based on randomized block design. This research found that heat unit requirement to produce one phyllochron was different among plants. Single grass plant required 68,19 degree days to produce one phyllochron while plant growth within a community required 130,44
Keyword: Combining Pasture System

Judul: Kajian in vitro Fermentabilitas dan Kecernaan Brachiaria humidicola yang Diintroduksi dengan Beberapa Leguminosa Di UP3 Jonggol
Abstrak: Kualitas pastura dan ketersediaan hijauan pakan sepanjang tahun merupakan hal penting mengingat sumber pakan dominan berasal dari pastura dan ternak beraktivitas selama 8 jam sehari pada pastura. Langkah yang dapat ditempuh untuk meningkatkan kualitas pastura agar terjadi peningkatan ternak ruminansia adalah memperbaiki keragaman tanaman pastura melalui introduksi leguminosa dengan cara menyisipkan (stripping) tanaman leguminosa pada tanaman rumput signal seperti Brachiaria humidicola dengan bantuan mikroba potensial tanah. Kecernaan zat-zat makanan merupakan salah satu ukuran dalam menentukan kualitas suatu bahan pakan dan merupakan bagian dari nutrisi yang tidak diekskresikan dalam feses dan artinya diserap oleh tubuh ternak. Metode in vitro merupakan kajian pengukuran proses fermentasi yang terjadi diluar tubuh ternak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi hasil fermentasi secara in vitro dari hijauan rumput Brachiaria humidicola dan leguminosa intoduksi yang ditanam dengan dan tanpa pemupukan mikroorganisme potensial tanah. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Unit Pendidikan dan Penelitian Peternakan Jonggol (UP3J) Fakultas Peternakan Institut Pertanian Bogor, Desa Singasari, Kecamatan Jonggol, dan Laboratorium Nutrisi Ternak Perah, Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Penelitian dilakukan selama 2 bulan yaitu dari bulan Juli sampai dengan bulan September 2009. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 8 perlakuan, yaitu : P1: Brachiaria (B.) humidicola tanpa pupuk kandang dan NPK serta mikroba potensial tanah (kontrol negatif); P2: B. humidicola dengan Pueraria (P.) javanica, Centrosema (Cen.) pubescens dan Calopogonium (C.) mucunoides dengan pupuk NPK (kontrol positif); P3: B. humidicola dengan P. javanica; P4: B. humidicola dengan Cen. pubescens; P5: B. humidicola dengan C. mucunoides; P6: B. humidicola dengan P. javanica dan Cen. pubescens; P7: B. humidicola dengan P. javanica dan C. mucunoides; P8: B. humidicola dan P. javanica, Cen. pubescens dan C. mucunoides. Perlakuan P3 sampai P8 menggunakan pupuk kandang, pupuk NPK dan mikroorganisme potensial tanah. Peubah yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah kandungan N, P, K, Ca, dan Mg pada jaringan tanaman, Koefisien Cerna Bahan Kering (KCBK), Koefisien Cerna Bahan Organik (KCBO), konsentrasi Vollatile Fatty Acid (VFA), dan konsentrasi amonia (NH3). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan yaitu rancangan deskriptif untuk analisa jaringan tanaman dan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) untuk KCBK, KCBO, VFA, dan NH3.
Keyword: Pasture Quality, ruminants, legume introduction, potential microbial soil, in vitro fermentation, Dry matter Digestibility coefficients, Organic  matter Digestibility coefficients

Judul: Penentuan energi aktivasi ion untuk melewati membran teflon pada berbagai larutan elektrolit
Abstrak: Kaseno (1999) menyatakan bahwa dalam teknologi pemisahan, membran adalah bahan yang dapat memisahkan dua komponen dengan cara yang spesifik yaitu menahan atau melewatkan salah satu komponen lebih cepat dari komponen lainnya. Kemampuan pemisahan yang dimiliki oleh membran untuk melewatkan suatu senyawa kimia atau molekul diakibatkan oleh adanya perbedaan sifat fisika atau kimia antara membran dengan senyawa kimia.
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