Judul: Formula Herbal sebagai Suplemen Imunostimulan Pakan Ayam terhadap Serangan Newcastle disease virus (NDV)
Abstrak: Newcastle disease is a poultry disease which is caused by viruses. Herbal formulas in the form of temulawak, meniran, temu hitam and sambiloto can be used as immunostimulant supplements. This research purpose to distinguish consumption efficiency between chicken with conventional feed and chicken with additional herbs feed. Phase of the research began with grouping chicken with conventional feed and chicken with supplement herbs feed, value of FCR (feed convertion ratio), rate of death, as well as the antibody titers test using hemagglutination inhibition assay. Chicken without the use of immunostimulant supplement (control) showed the highest depletion rate of 42.5%. Meanwhile the chicken which had the lowest depletion rate (24%) was the simplisia group with the dose of 0.5. The highest level of the antibody titer was the control group with level of 2.1674 meanwhile the lowest level of the antibody titer was the simplisia group with the extract doses of 0.5 with level of 1.2041. High-titer antibodies indicated that the chickens were infected by the virus. The most effective dose of immunostimulant supplement was the simplisia group with the extract dose of 0.5, this was caused by the low depletion rate and the low antibody titer.
Keyword: antibody titer, immunostimulant, newcastle diseases, supplement, virus

Judul: Pengaruh Vaksinasi Newcastle Diseases Terhadap Liter Antibodi Dan Fraksi Protein Serum Ayam Kampung, Pelung Dan Kedu Pada Umur 20-30 Minggu
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan informasi dasar nilai antibodi dan fraksi protein untuk program seleksi ber- dasarkan sifat kekebalan terhadap Newcastle Disease (ND) melalui titer antibodi dan fraksi protein dalam bentuk lin alfa, globulin beta dan globulin gamma yang dihasilkan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Pemuliaan dan tika Fakultas Peternakan IPB dan di Laboratorium Kimia padu IPB dari bulan Juni 1993 sampai dengan Maret 1995. Ayam yang digunakan dalam penelitian terdiri dari ayam Kampung, Pelung dan Kedu pada umur 20 minggu dan telah dipelihara dengan perlakuan pemberian vaksin ND dan kontrol. Vaksisin ND galur La Sota telah diberikan pada saat ayam berumur 4 hari, 4 minggu dan 16 minggu. Ayam dipelihara pada kendang- kandang yang dikelompokkan menurut perlakuan pemberian vaksin ND dan kandang-kandang terletak pada bangunan yang sama. Pakan dan minum diberikan ad libitum. Ransum yang diberikan adalah ransum komersial yang diproduksi oleh PT. Gold Coin Indonesia dengan kandungan protein oleh 16,50% energi metabolis sebesar 2.650-2.950 kkal/kg ransum. Serum darah dianalisis nilai antibodinya pada anat ayam berumur 20, 22, 24, 26, 28 dan 30 minggu dengan metode HI prosedur beta dengan menggunakan antigen 8 HAU, menurut tode yang disarankan oleh Siregar (1987). Perhitungan GMT ( Geometric Mean Titer) dilakukan dengan metode yang dianjurkan oleh Ernawati (1993). Kandungan globulin alfa, globulin beta dan globulin gamma diukur pada umur 24 dan 26 minggu, yaitu pada saat nilai titer antibodi HI beda. 24 berbeda…dst
Keyword: Newcastle Diseases, Titer Antibody, fraksi Protein Serum Ayam, antigens and antibodies

Judul: Socioeconomic and psychological variables influencing household debt
Abstrak: The overall objective of this study was to examine factors influencing total debt, total debt payment, and patterns of debt payments. The study examined the impacts of both psychological (credit attitudes and perception of future income) and socioe- conomic variables on total debt, total debt payment and patterns of debt payments. A conceptual model for this study was developed by incorporating the theory of borrower risk, the economic and psychological economic theory of borrowing, and the results of previous studies. This model identifies socioeconomic and psycholog- ical variables that influence total debt, total debt payment, and patterns of debt payments. Socioeconomic variables included in the model are gender, race, mari- tal status, employment status, household size, age, education, and household assets. Psychological variables are credit attitudes toward the use of credit, and perception of future income. This study used data from the 1989 Survey of Consumer Finances. The survey was sponsored by the Federal Reserve in cooperation with some other federal agencies. Data for the survey were collected by the Survey Research Center at the University of Michigan between August 1989 and March 1990. dst ...
Keyword: Gender