Judul: Effectiveness of Combined Leaf Decoction of Keji Beling (Strobilanthes crispa (L.) Blume) and Kentutan (Paederia foetida) Plants as Antidiarrheals in Mice
Abstrak: Diare masih menjadi masalah kesehatan utama di negara berkembang. Keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi di Indonesia, menjadi peluang penggunaan herbal sebagai salah satu solusi pengobatan diare. Herbal memiliki banyak kandungan nutrisi, mineral, dan senyawa aktif yang memiliki efek antidiare seperti tumbuhan keji beling dan kentutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efek dan konsentrasi terbaik antidiare dari kombinasi dekok daun keji beling dan kentutan. Kelompok perlakuan terdiri dari kelompok kontrol negatif, kelompok kontrol positif (loperamid) dan kombinasi dekok (konsentrasi 100%, 50%, 25%, dan 12,5%). Metode yang digunakan adalah proteksi dan transit intestinal pada mencit. Induksi diare menggunakan oleum ricini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi dekok kedua tanaman dapat menurunkan motilitas usus, mempertahankan konsistensi feses, dan memiliki nilai rasio transit intestinal yang baik. Konsentrasi 50% memiliki hasil terbaik., Diarrhea is still a major health problem in developing countries. The high biodiversity in Indonesia is an opportunity for the use of herbal plants as a solution for treating diarrhea. Herbal plants contain many nutrients, minerals, and active compounds that have anti-diarrheal effects, such as keji beling and kentutan plant. This study aims to determine the effect and the best concentration of antidiarrheals from the combination of leaf decoction of keji beling and kentutan. The group consisted of a negative control group, a positive control group (loperamide), and decoction combination (100%, 50%, 25%, and 12,5% concentrations). The method used is intestinal protection and transit in mice. Diarrhea is induced using oleum ricini. The results showed that the combination of decoction of the two plants could reduce intestinal motility, maintain stool consistency, and have a good intestinal transit ratio. The decoct concentration of 50% has the best results.
Keyword: diarrhea, keji beling, kentutan, intestinal protection, intestinal transit

Judul: Efektivitas Kombinasi Infusa Daun Keji Beling dan Daun Sembukan Sebagai Antidiare Pada Mencit
Abstrak: Diare merupakan satu di antara beberapa gangguan kesehatan yang sering terjadi pada hewan secara global dengan dampak kerugian ekonomi cukup besar. Pengobatan yang diberikan untuk mengatasi diare umumnya berasal dari bahan sintetik (farmasetik) yang dapat menimbulkan efek samping yang tidak diinginkan. Daun keji beling dan sembukan secara turun-temurun sudah digunakan sebagai pengobatan tradisional, namun belum ada penelitian farmakologis mengenai antidiare yang berasal dari kombinasi daun keji beling dan sembukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji aktivitas serta mengetahui konsentrasi terbaik kombinasi infusa daun keji beling dan sembukan sebagai antidiare. Kelompok perlakuan terdiri atas kelompok kontrol negatif (suspensi Tween 80 [1%]), kontrol positif (suspensi loperamide HCl), dan kombinasi infusa (konsentrasi 12,5%, 25%, 50%, dan 100%). Metode yang digunakan adalah proteksi dan transit intestinal pada mencit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi infusa daun keji beling dan sembukan memiliki aktivitas antidiare yang bekerja dengan cara menurunkan frekuensi defekasi, memperbaiki konsistensi feses, dan dapat menekan motilitas usus. Kombinasi infusa daun keji beling dan sembukan dengan konsentrasi 50% memiliki aktifitas antidiare yang paling efektif., Diarrhea is one of several health problems that often occur in animals, globally with a large economic impact. Medications given to treat diarrhea generally come from synthetic (pharmaceutical) ingredients which can cause unwanted side effects. The leaves of keji beling and sembukan have been used for generations as traditional medicine, but there has been no pharmacological research on anti-diarrheal drugs derived from a combination of keji beling and sembukan leaves. This study aims to test the activity and find out the best concentration of the combination of keji beling and sembukan leaf infusion as an anti-diarrheal. The treatment group consisted of a negative control group (Tween 80 [1%] suspension), positive control (loperamide HCl suspension), and a combination of infusions (concentrations of 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100%). The method used is protection and intestinal transit in mice. The results showed that the combination of infusion of keji beling and sembukan leaves has an anti-diarrheal activity which works by reducing the frequency of defecation, improving stool consistency, and suppressing intestinal motility. The combination of infusion of keji beling and sembukan leaves with a concentration of 50% has the most effective antidiarrheal activity.
Keyword: diarrhea, intestinal protection, intestinal transit, keji beling, sembukan

Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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