Judul: Pengaruh Kuersetin, Rutin, Morin, dan Karmin pada  Fibrilasi Protein Prion Pendekatan In Vitro
Abstrak: The conversion of the α-helical, cellular isoform of the prion (PrPC) to the insoluble, β-sheet-rich, infectious, disease-causing isoform (PrPSc) is the fundamental event in the prion diseases which is related Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease. Natural compounds are major sources of small molecule amyloid inhibitors and have been identified with great bioactivities. This study purposed to identify the effects of quercetin, morin, rutin, and carmine as natural compounds on the process of protein fibrillation in a neurodegenerative disease. Thioflavin T (ThT) was used as extrinsic fluorophore on fibrillation detection to determine the effect of bioactive compounds to the fibrillation, followed by Tryptophan as residue that used as intrinsic fluorophore (ITF) and Congo Red as chromophore. This study showed that quercetin has the greatest effect on protein fibrillation both in preincubated and incubated, in ratio 1:5 and 3:5 with around 41% and 44% reduction, respectively, compared to other natural compounds. In conclusion, the role of natural compounds on protein fibrillation showed that quercetin, rutin, morin, and carmine, which have been shown to be effective, may be used in the future development to prevent and disaggregate prion fibrillation in neurodegenerative diseases.
Keyword: Congo Red, neurodegenerative disease, prion (PrPC ), ThT

Judul: Aktivitas Enzim Fibrinolitik Serbuk Moromi
Abstrak: Enzim fibrinolitik memiliki kemampuan untuk menghilangkan bekuan fibrin pada pembuluh darah dan ditemukan pada produk pangan fermentasi, salah satunya yaitu moromi. Moromi mengandung enzim fibrinolitik yang dihasilkan oleh Bacillus cereus dan Bacillus subtilis dan dapat diolah menjadi serbuk probiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis konsentrasi protein, aktivitas proteolitik dan fibrinolitik moromi sebelum dan setelah proses pengeringan. Moromi dapat diolah menjadi serbuk probiotik dengan mengeringkan moromi menggunakan tray dryer dan ditambahkan filler berupa dekstrin. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa serbuk moromi yang dianalisis dengan substrat kasein 2% memiliki aktivitas protease sebesar 0,066 – 0,115 UA/mL dan aktivitas spesifik sebesar 0,357 – 0,097 UA/mg protein, serta serbuk moromi yang dianalisis dengan substrat fibrinogen 1% memiliki aktivitas protease sebesar 0,063 – 0,083 UA/mL dan aktivitas spesifik sebesar 0,264 – 0,019 UA/mg protein. Selanjutnya, serbuk moromi juga memiliki aktivitas fibrinolitik yang dikonfimasi melalui analisis zimografi. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, serbuk moromi berpotensi untuk dikembangan sebagai serbuk probiotik untuk alternatif pencegahan dan pengobatan penyakit kardiovaskular., Fibrinolytic enzymes can remove fibrin clots in blood vessels and are found in fermented food products, one of which is moromi. Moromi contains fibrinolytic enzymes produced by Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis and can be processed into a probiotic powder. This study aims to analyze the protein concentration and analyze the proteolytic and fibrinolytic activity of moromi before and after the drying process. Moromi can be processed into powder using a tray dryer and with dextrin added as a filler. The results of this study indicate that moromi powder analyzed with 2% casein substrate has protease activity of 0.066 – 0.115 UA/mL and specific activity of 0.357 – 0.097 UA/mg protein, and also moromi powder analyzed with 1% fibrinogen substrate has protease activity of 0.063 – 0.083 UA/mL and specific activity of 0.264 – 0.019 UA/mg protein. Furthermore, moromi powder also has fibrinolytic activity which was confirmed by zymographic analysis. Based on these results, moromi powder may be developed as a probiotic powder for alternative prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease.
Keyword: moromi, enzim fibrinolitik, serbuk moromi, zimogram, aktivitas enzim

Judul: Ornithonyssus Bursa (Berlese, 1888) Famili Macronyssidae yang Menyerang Unggas Dan Penaggulangannnya
Abstrak: Ornithonyssus bursa adalah tungau penghisap darah pada unggas di daerah tropis dan subtropis. Tungau ini relatif kecil, dengan panjang tubuh antara 700-1000 mikron dan lebarnya 250-490 mikron. Tubuhnya bulat berwarna coklat kekuningan sebelum menghisap darh dan berwarna merah setelah menghisap darah dari induk semangnya.
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