Judul: The study of transportation network for supply chain management of chrysanthemum in west java (Case Study at PT. Saung Mirwan)
Abstrak: The increased of Chrysanthemum production must followed by a good supply chain management. The problems rise at transportation and distribution activities from producer to consumer that begin from error in choosing type of transporter, loading process careless and error in putting technique of product box into the transporter, less handling as long as transportation journey untill vehicle damage, accident, and traffic jam. As consequence, the problems make decreasing quality and quantity of product and at last, make increasing of total transportation cost. Therefore, this research minimize total transportation cost with optimization in choosing the right type and sum of vehicles for delivering product from producer to consumer location. Case study conducted in PT. Saung Mirwan as a big producer of Chrysanthemum in West Java. The research purposes to study supply chain mechanism of Chrysanthemum that is produced by company (PT. Saung Mirwan), to identify influential factors in Chrysanthemum distribution, and to choose and recommend the appropriate type and sum of transporter with demand and vehicle capacity that is owned and minimization of the cost of delivering. Designing model followed transportation model and getting solution used optimation technique genetic algorithm with software Matlab R2009a and Microsoft Excel 2007 (Ms. 2008). Genetic algorithm is a strong, adaptive, and efficient optimal searching techniques based on natural system mechanism, it is change in genetic structure and nature selection.
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Judul: Penyelesaian Vehicle Routing Problem pada Pendistribusian Sayuran Dataran Tinggi Menggunakan Algoritme Genetika (Studi Kasus PT Saung Mirwan)
Abstrak: Vehicle routing problem (VRP) is an important issue on a transportation system that aims at minimizing the total vehicle mileage to reduce vehicle operating cost to a minimum. Vehicle routing problem belongs to the class of non-polynomial hard (NP-hard), which generally uses a heuristic approach to find a solution. In this time, Vehicle routing problem resolution will be applied to the distribution of highland vegetables from PT. Saung Mirwan as the vegetable distribution center. The problems that often arise in the distribution of highland plain vegetables is to how minimize the total of transportation costs without sacrificing the goal completion time to reduce the risk of the decline in the quality of vegetables during the trip. Issues will become increasingly complex if the vehicle routing problem is flexible to changes that occur in the limit or the value of decision variables. The problems encountered in this case include heterogeneous multi fleet VRP, single source, single trip, and multi-product. Therefore, this research used genetic algorithm optimization method (GA) to solve the problem. Genetic algorithm is one of the heuristic methods, which is analogous to the process of evolution by natural selection phase, crossover and mutation. In this paper a simulation is performed by searching the optimum solution to the location of the distribution as the destination points. Optimum solutions are obtained in the form of division of highland vegetable distribution channels that meet the existing constraints. As a solution, there was reduction of the distribution time of about 1 hour 58 minutes or an increase in time efficiency by approximately 32.22% and a reduction of the fleet utilization by 1 fleet or an increase of fleet efficiency by 14.28%.
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Judul: Perbandingan Karakteristik Anatomi Skelet Kepala Komodo (Varanus komodoensis) dan Biawak Air (Varanus salvator).
Abstrak: Komodo dan biawak air diklasifikasikan dalam Ordo Squamata dan Famili Varanidae. Meskipun kedua hewan ini termasuk dalam ordo dan famili yang sama tetapi perannya di alam berbeda. Komodo sebagai predator utama memiliki ukuran tengkorak yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan ukuran tengkorak biawak air yang berperan sebagai predator opportunistik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari komparasi karakteristik struktur skelet kepala komodo (Varanus komodoensis) dengan skelet kepala biawak air (Varanus salvator). Struktur kepala ini dikaitkan dengan fungsi skelet kepala untuk mendukung perilaku sehari-hari. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara mengamati dan mengukur tulang-tulang penyusun skelet kepala komodo dan biawak air, serta mengamati perilaku sehari-hari kedua hewan melalui pengamatan video. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ukuran skelet kepala komodo memiliki panjang 21.9 cm, lebar 11.6 cm, dan tinggi 8.9 cm. Skelet kepala biawak air memiliki panjang 16.0 cm, lebar 7.0 cm, dan tinggi 5.0 cm. Komodo memiliki gigi marginal dan lingual dengan tipe gigi pleurodont dan ziphodont, yaitu bentuk gigi seperti pedang dan melengkung ke arah lateral. Biawak air memiliki gigi marginal dengan tipe pleurodont yang tumbuh disamping rahang dengan satu gigi pengganti pada setiap gigi marginal. Hubungan antar tulang penyusun skelet kepala komodo relatif longgar dan memiliki os temporale yang sangat berkembang, sehingga pembukaan mulut komodo sangat lebar dibandingkan biawak air yang tidak memiliki kraniokinesis. Kedua hewan ini memiliki canalis intercisivum yang terdapat pada palatum durum menghubungkan cavum oris dan cavum nasi. Secara fungsional, saluran ini dikaitkan dengan kemampuan penciuman yang tajam karena saluran ini berhubungan dengan organ vomeronasale. Perbedaan struktur skelet kepala komodo dan biawak air berperan dalam melakukan aktifitas sehari-hari kedua hewan ini.
Keyword: perbandingan skelet kepala, komodo, biawak air