Judul: Variation of SNP g.9617965 C>T KIF12 and it’s  Association on Carcass Characteristics and Lamb Meat Quality
Abstrak: Kinesin Family 12 (KIF12) merupakan salah satu gen yang terlibat dalam mediase kaskade antioksidan dalam sel beta sebagai target intraseluler dari kelebihan asupan lemak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi keanekaeagaman SNP g.9617965 C>T KIF12 dan hubungannya dengan karakteristik karkas dan kualitas daging. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan adalah 40 sampel DNA yang terdiri dari 10 domba ekor tipis (DET), 10 domba compass agrinak (DCA), 10 domba jonggol (DJ), dan 10 domba garut (DG). Identifikasi keragaman KIF12|BfaI dilakukan dengan metode Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa panjang produk amplifikais adalah 696 bp. Keragaman gen KIF12 ditemukan tiga genotipe yaitu CC, CT, dan TT. Frekuensi alel pada semua jenis domba berada pada keseimbangan Hardy-Weinberg. Titik mutasi gen KIF12 berasosiasi (P<0,05) dengan karakteristik karkas, yaitu panjang karkas. Selain itu, gen KIF12 juga berasosiasi signifikan (P<0,05) dengan kualitas daging yaitu keempukan, susut masak, dan daya mengikat air (DMA). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa gen KIF12 merupakan kandidat gen yang potensial untuk karaktristik karkas dan kualitas daging domba., Kinesin Family 12 (KIF12) is one of gene which involves on mediation an antioxidant cascade in beta cells as an intracellular target of excess fat intake. This study aims to identify the diversity of SNP g. 9617965 C>T KIF12 and association with carcass characteristic and meat quality. The total sample used were 40 ram DNA samples consisted of 10 javanese thin tail (JTT), 10 compass agrinak sheep (CAS), 10 jonggol sheep (JS), and 10 garut sheep (GS). Identification of the diversity of KIF12|BfaI was conducted using the Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The results showed that the amplification product length was 696 bp. The diversity of the KIF12 gene was found three genotypes namely CC, CT, and TT. The allele frequencyin all types of sheep was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. A SNP of the KIF12 was associated (P<0,05) with characteristic of carcass, including length of carcass. The association of KIF12 with meat quality was significant (P<0,05) associated with tenderness, cooking loss, and water holding capasity (WHC). It could be concluded that KIF12 gene is a potential candidate gene for carcass characteristic and meat quality traits in sheep.
Keyword: carcass characteristic, KIF12 gene, meat quality, sheep

Judul: Identifying SNP g.5112179A>G TGFBR2 Gene Related to Carcass Characteristic and Meat Quality
Abstrak: TGFBR2 diprediksi menjadi faktor dari pertumbuhan sel otot. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan keragaman gen Transforming Growth Factor Beta Receptor 2 (TGFBR 2) dengan karakteristik karkas dan kualitas daging. Penelitian ini menggunakan 40 domba jantan dengan pola pemeliharaan yang sama. Identifikasi gen TGFBR2 dan asosiasinya pada karakteristik karkas dan kualitas daging dilakukan dengan menggunakan Polymaerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Penelitian ini mengamati karakteristik karkas dan kualitas daging seperti bobot hidup, karkas hangat, persentase karkas, panjang karkas, karkas dingin, keempukan, susuk masak dan water holding capacity. Hubungan antara gen TGFBR2 dengan karakteristik karkas dan kualitas daging dianalisis menggunakan General Linear Model. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan (P<0,05) antara gen TGBR2 dengan berat karkas hangat, berat karkas dingin, panjang karkas, dan keempukan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini, bahwasanya gen TGFBR2 SNP g.5112179A>G berpotensi untuk dijadikan sebagai penanda seleksi terhadap karakteristik karkas dan kualitas daging., TGFBR2 is suspected to be the factor of muscle cell growth. The study aimed to examine Gen Transforming Growth Factor Beta Receptor II (TGFBR2) and their association on carcass characteristics and meat quality. This study uses 40 samples of rams with the same treatment. The identification gen TGFBR2 association with meat quality were performed using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). This study observed carcass characteristics and meat quality, such as live weight, hot carcass, carcass percentage, length, cold carcass, tenderness, cooking loss, and water holding capacity. The association between TGFBR2 gene and carcass characteristics and meat quality were analyzed using general linear model (GLM). The results showed a significantly association (P<0.05) between gen TGBR2 with hot carcass weight, cold carcass weight, carcass length, and tenderness. This study concluded the TGFBR2 SNP gene g.5112179A>G potential to be used candidate gene for carcass characteristics and meat quality.
Keyword: carcass characteristics, meat quality, PCR-RFLP, sheep, TGFBR2

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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