Judul: Optimizing the Quality of Sweet Premix Corn Dog Flour Through Storage and Packaging Design Considering Water Activity
Abstrak: PT LeGitt Boga Mandiri sebagai perusahaan makanan berbasis tepung terigu telah menciptakan varian produk terbaru dari tepung premix yaitu tepung sweet premix corn dog. Menjaga kestabilan mutu pada produk perlu dilakukan dengan berfokus pada kondisi lingkungan penyimpanan produk dan kemasan yang digunakan. Pengujian isotermi sorpsi air dilakukan untuk mengetahui kenaikan kadar air pada bahan yang digambarkan menggunakan kurva isotermi sorpsi air (ISA). Dari kurva ISA tersebut dilakukan pembagian fraksi daerah air terikat dengan masing-masing batas atas pada daerah primer, sekunder dan tersier dengan nilai aktivitas air 0,09, 0,69 dan 1. Berdasarkan SNI 01-4476-1998, batas kadar air pada tepung sweet premix corn dog sebesar 12% dilampaui pada lingkungan penyimpanan dengan kelembaban relatif (RH) > 0,69% pada suhu 28oC. Uji cemaran mikroba juga dilakukan dengan diketahui adanya nilai angka lempeng total (ALT), kapang dan khamir dengan taraf aman. Untuk melindungi produk dari kenaikan kadar air yang dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan penyimpanan, maka digunakan jenis material kemasan Polyethylene (PE) dan papersack sebagai material kemasan terbaik yang tersedia di pasaran. Berdasarkan penentuan material kemasan maka dirancang 3 desain mock up kemasan. Hasil penilaian oleh 32 panelis menunjukkan bahwa desain mock up kemasan kedua (#2) memiliki nilai kepuasan tertinggi., PT LeGitt Boga Mandiri, a flour-based food company, created a new product variant called sweet premix corn dog flour. The company ensured product quality stability by focusing on product storage conditions and the packaging used. Water sorption isotherm testing was conducted to determine the increase in water content in the material, described using the water sorption isotherm (WSI) curve. From the WSI curve, the fractions of bound water in the primary, secondary, and tertiary regions were determined with respective upper limits at 0.09, 0.69, and 1 water activity values. According to the SNI 01-4476-1998 standard, the water content limit for sweet premix corn dog flour is 12%, which was exceeded when stored in an environment with relative humidity (RH) > 0.69% at 28°C. Microbial contamination tests were also conducted by determining the total plate count (TPC), mold, and yeast with a safe threshold. To protect the product from water content increases influenced by storage conditions, Polyethylene (PE) and papersack packaging materials were used as the best available options in the market. Based on the determination of packaging materials, three mock-up packaging designs were created. The evaluation results by 32 panelists showed that the second mock-up packaging design (#2) had the highest satisfaction score.
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Judul: Business Model Design and Financial Analysis for Sweet Premix Product at PT LeGitt Boga Mandiri, Bogor
Abstrak: PT LeGitt Boga Mandiri sebagai perusahaan makanan berbasis tepung terigu sedang mengembangkan produk baru yaitu tepung sweet premix corn dog. Agar proses pengembangannya berjalan dengan lancar, dibutuhkan perancangan model bisnis yang tepat dan juga analisis finansial guna mengetahui apakah produk tersebut tepat dan layak untuk diluncurkan oleh PT LeGitt Boga Mandiri. Perancangan model bisnis dilakukan dengan pendekatan Lean Canvas. Analisis finansial dilakukan dengan metode discounted cashflow. Harga Pokok Produksi dari produk ini adalah Rp. 22.513/Kg dan hasil dari perhitungan analisis finansial didapat: (1) Nilai NPV Rp. 106.604.854, (2) IRR 58%. Dari segi kelayakan, produk ini layak untuk diteruskan oleh PT LeGitt Boga Mandiri karena setelah ditinjau dari aspek finansial maupun non finansial, produk ini layak dan tidak sensitif terhadap perubahan harga bahan baku utama., PT LeGitt Boga Mandiri, a flour-based food manufacturing company, is currently developing a new product. The product is a premix flour for making corn dog. To ensure a smooth development process requires a proper business model design and financial analysis to determine whether the product is suitable and feasible for launch by PT LeGitt Boga Mandiri. The business model is designed using Lean Canvas, and the financial analysis is conducted using discounted cashflow method. The Total Manufacturing Cost (TMC) for this product is Rp.22.513/Kg, and the results of the financial analysis are as follows: (1) NPV value of Rp.106.604.854, (2) IRR of 58%. From a feasibility perspective, this product is suitable to be adopted by PT LeGitt Boga Mandiri because, after considering both financial and non-financial aspects, the product is feasible and insensitive to changes in main raw material prices.
Keyword: Business Model, Financial Analysis, Lean Canvas, Net Present Value (NPV), Product Development

Judul: Identifikasi Molekuler Kompleks Spesies Himantura uarnak (Batoidea: Dasyatidae) di Indonesia.
Abstrak: Stingrays are one of the cartilaginous fish, apart of sharks and skates, and one of Indonesia's fishery resources. Almost of elasmobranch fishes are economically important fish. The refined products and live specimens of this fish are a lot of traded. Himantura uarnak, H. undulata and H. leoparda are stingray species in Himantura and Dasyatidae family, which are the most popular stingrays in Indonesia waters. The stingrays are major target species were used as a consumable product and trading products. Levels of species diversity of cartilaginous fish in Indonesia are very high, and also Indonesia is listed as one of the countries that use elasmobranch resources the highest in the world. Generally, this study aims to identify each species of H. uarnak species complex through molecular approaches. While specifically, this study aims to estimate the evolutionary process of species divergence and to determine the relationship between species. The methods were used in this study included field sampling, sample collection, and specimen identification, collection of genetic samples, analysis of genetic samples and data analysis . Size polymorphism nuclear DNA markers (intron EPIC) were used. Polymorphism alleles translated into genotypes and alleles frequency of five introns loci. The results of Bayesian analysis and Correspondence Analysis (CA) produced informative diagram of the population structure showed 4 different clusters. Cluster 1 and 4 were H. leoparda, Cluster 2 indicated as H. undulata and the Cluster 3 was H. uarnak. Cluster 1 was a variant of Cluster 4, in this time called as H. leoparda var.1. Separation of four clusters according to nuclear DNA need to be proved by mitochondria DNA maker by cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and cytochrome b (cyt b). Molecular approaches were using mitochondrial DNA gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and cytochrome b produced 4 main groups (Group I, II, III and IV). Both of these molecular approaches showed each individual of groups were in consistent clade and the main group. Hence the H. uarnak species complex in Indonesian waters were divided into 4 main groups, and each was a particular species. The Group I and IV were the two group species that have been released as H. leoparda and Group I was H. leoparda var. 1 identified as cryptic species. Group II was one individual who grouped as H. undulata. Group III was one of other group that identified as H. uarnak and in accordance with the morphological characteristic through spotting pettern. Morphological approach to identified the stingrays of Himantura uarnak species complex clearly less accurate than the molecular approaches. Morphological approach should not be used to identify a species complex in stingrays without helped by other approaches.
Keyword: Himantura uarnak species complex, intron EPIC, cyt b, COI, spotting pattern