Judul: Genetic analysis of morpho-agronomic characters of selectively-bred jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) based on quantitative and molecular approaches.
Abstrak: The recent scarcity of fuel has stimulated many efforts to remove dependence on petroleum oil by finding alternative sources of new and renewable energy so that its availability can be predicted and renewable. Jatropha curcas L. has been chosen as a source of biofuel that has an important role as a petroleum oil substitute, especially for producing biodiesel, as Jatropha seeds have an oil content of up to 35% with oleic acid and linoleic as the main components. This renders Jatropha seeds suitable for use as a biofuel. Development of Jatropha as a biofuel is still hindered by the lack of variety which is economically profitable. Possible efforts for the development of Jatropha in Indonesia include: exploration of Jatropha plants from various regions of Indonesia, introducing the plants from abroad and plant breeding. The purpose of this study was to understand the genetic diversity of the parental and the first generation (F1) Jatropha plants based on morphological and molecular markers. More over was to investigate the correlation between morpho-agronomic traits on the seed productivity and the oil content of the second generation (F2), as well as to obtain potential candidates of Jatropha genotypes producing seeds with high content of oil and high seed productivity. The experiment was conducted at the Biotech Center, BPPT and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University from November 2011 to January 2013. The study divided into three stages. The first stage was to formulate hypothesis on genetic diversity and heritability of morpho-agronomic characters of the parental and F1 Jatropha plants. The second stage was to analyze the genotypic similarity of the parental and F1 Jatropha plants based on molecular markers, and the third stage was to analyze the correlation of morpho-agronomic characters on the F2 Jatropha plants. There were 16 parental and F1 genotypes of Jatropha used in this study, with the experimental design was a complete randomized block. Five plants were used from each genotype, with three replications. Results of this study showed that genetic diversity of morpho-agronomic characters on the parental and F1 Jatropha plants was relatively narrow, with genetic diversity coefficient of 2.73% to 9.02%. The broad-sense heritability was high for all characters, ranged from 32.26% to 85.89%. In this study among the 16 parental and F1 genotypes of Jatropha had no morpho-agronomic characters which directly correlated to productivity and seed oil content. Characters that can be chosen as a selection criterion to obtain the total dry weight of a high seed were the number of fruit and the total seed number per bunch. Based on the similarity analysis of 15 genotypes of Jatropha against 33 loci of Random Amplified Polimorphic DNA (RAPD) marker, it demonstrated that vii similarity coefficient matrix was ranging from 0.36 to 1.00. The lowest coefficient value (0.36) was found between genotype LMPxPDI and JGY, as well as between LMPxPDI and JGY. While the highest coefficient value (1.0) was found between genotype KMRxKMR LMPxLMP. RAPD marker-based dendrogram classified the 16 Jatropha genotypes into four groups at the similarity coefficient of 0.72. Group I, III and IV consisted of only
Keyword: heritability, genetic variability coefficient, genetic variance, phenotypic diversity

Judul: Analisis Keragaman Genetik Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi, Agronomi dan Marka RAPD
Abstrak: Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman prioritas penghasil bahan baku bioenergi yang dikembangkan di Indonesia maupun dunia. Salah satu kebijakan pengembangan penyediaan tanaman jarak pagar yang ditempuh oleh pemerintah adalah penyediaan bahan tanam jarak pagar unggul yang telah teruji adaptabilitasnya, didukung dengan paket teknologi yang tepat guna. Dalam usaha penyediaan bahan tanam jarak unggul diperlukan kegiatan perbaikan genetik melalui pemuliaan tanaman untuk mendapatkan varietas unggul. Sejak tahun 2007, Pusat Penelitian Surfaktan dan Bioenergi (SBRC)-LPPM-IPB telah melakukan eksplorasi jarak pagar dari beberapa daerah di Indonesia dan mengintroduksi jarak pagar dari luar negeri. Koleksi plasma nutfah harus dievaluasi secara tepat untuk mengetahui tingkat keragaman genetik dan potensinya untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut. Karakter yang dievaluasi dapat berupa karakter anatomi, morfologi, kimia, biokimia, fisiologi ataupun molekuler. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari keragaman genetik dan tingkat kemiripan antar genotipe jarak pagar dan mendapatkan kriteria seleksi jarak pagar berdaya hasil tinggi pada jarak pagar koleksi SBRC LPPM-IPB. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus 2009 - Juli 2010. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan IPB Leuwikopo, Bogor dan Kebun Jarak Pagar PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa, Tbk., Citeureup, Laboratorium Proses SBRC-LPPM-IPB dan Laboratorium Marka Molekuler dan Spectophotometry UV-Vis Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, IPB Darmaga. Penelitian analisis keragaman berdasarkan karakter morfologi dan agronomi di lapangan disusun dalam Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) satu faktor. Faktor yang digunakan yaitu genotipe jarak pagar yang terdiri dari 13 genotipe. Percobaan diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga terdapat 39 satuan percobaan. Pengamatan karakter morfologi dan agronomi tanaman jarak pagar meliputi karakter batang, daun, bunga, buah dan biji jarak pagar. Penelitian analisis keragaman menggunakan marka RAPD dilakukan dengan 11 primer dari OPERON, yaitu E3, E7, E19, E20, M2, M5, M6, M8, H14, H16, dan H19. Sampel daun berasal dari 13 genotipe jarak pagar yang ada di lapangan. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengisolasi DNA adalah metode ekstraksi menggunakan Kit SIGMA yang dimodifikasi. Amplifikasi DNA dilakukan dengan PCR reagent dari Vivantis dengan modifikasi konsentrasi taq DNA polymerase 1,5 kali konsentrasi anjuran. Data dianalisis menggunakan program SAS 9, SPSS 15 dan NTSYS.....dst
Keyword: Jatropha, genetic variability analysis, heritability, correlation, selection characters, RAPD

Judul: Reduksi Reverberasi dengan Narrow Beam Receiver pada Sonar untuk Akurasi Interpretasi Target
Abstrak: Salah satu pembatas utama dalam pendeteksian kelompok ikan adalah reverberasi. Reverberasi dapat sebagian menutupi sinyal echo (echo ikan) sehingga menyyulitkan, kadang tidak memungkinkan penerimaan sinyal. Penutupan sinyal ini terjadi jika besarnya penerimaan sinyal echo lebih kecil daripada peringkat reverberasi pada waktu dan jarak tertentu.
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