Judul: Formulasi Sabun Cair Wajah dengan Penambahan Bahan Aktif  Kolagen Ikan dan Tea Tree Oil
Abstrak: Produk yang dapat membersihkan permukaan kulit wajah dari kotoran, minyak, dan melindungi kulit dari infeksi bakteri yaitu sabun cair wajah. Bahan baku yang digunakan dalam sabun cair wajah yaitu surfaktan. Penambahan bahan aktif sabun cair wajah seperti kolagen ikan dan tea tree oil bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan elastisitas kulit dan memiliki kandungan antibakteri untuk kulit. Penelitian bertujuan menghasilkan formulasi sabun cair wajah terbaik dengan dua faktor serta tiga taraf, faktor pertama adalah persentase penambahan tea tree oil dengan taraf (0,5%; 0,7%; dan 0,9%) dan faktor kedua adalah persentase penambahan kolagen ikan (3%; 4%; dan 5%). Data formulasi produk sabun cair wajah terbaik diperoleh dengan analisis ANOVA two way dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) dengan taraf nyata 5%. Didapatkan formulasi terbaik dengan perlakuan A.X (kolagen 3% dan tea tree oil 0,5%). Hasil analisis yang dilakukan mendasari pemilihan formulasi terbaik untuk sediaan sabun cair dengan penambahan kolagen ikan sebesar 3% dan tea tree oil sebesar 0,5%. Hasil sediaan sabun cair wajah A.X tersebut telah sesuai SNI 4085:2017 dengan nilai pH sebesar 7,97, kadar asam lemak bebas 0,59 % dan viskositas 966,67 cP, sedangkan total bahan aktif 3,97 % belum memenuhi SNI 4085:2017., Products that can clean the surface of the facial skin from dirt, oil, and protect the skin from bacterial infections, namely facial liquid soap. The raw material used in facial liquid soap is surfactant. The addition of active facial soap ingredients such as fish collagen and tea tree oil is useful for increasing skin elasticity and has anti bacterial properties for the skin. This study aims to formulate the best facial soap formulation with two factors and three levels, the first factor is the addition of tea tree oil with a level (0,5%; 0,7%; and 0,9%) and the second factor is the proportion of fish collagen addition with level (3%; 4%; and 5%). The best facial soap product data formulation was obtained by using a two-way ANOVA analysis with a 95% confidence level, then continued with Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with a 5% significance level. The best formulation was obtained with A.X treatment (3% collagen and 0,5% tea tree oil). The results of the analysis were carried out based on the selection of the best formulation for liquid soap preparations with the addition of 3% fish and 0,5% tea tree oil. The results of the A.X facial soap preparation are in accordance with SNI 4085:2017 and standards for pH value of 7.,7, free fatty acid content of 0,59% and viscosity of 966,67 cP, while the total active ingredients of 3,97% do not meet SNI 4085:2017
Keyword: kolagen ikan, sabun cair, surfaktan, tea tree oil

Judul: Stabilitas Mutu dan Efektivitas Antibakteri Krim dan Sabun Cair Wajah Berbahan Aktif Tea Tree Oil dan Kolagen Ikan
Abstrak: Tea tree oil adalah bahan aktif yang mengandung terpinen-4-ol yang berguna untuk pengobatan jerawat dikarenakan memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan komposisi formulasi krim dan sabun cair yang terbaik, stabilitas mutu produk, mengetahui efektivitas antibakteri, dan pendugaan umur simpan formulasi terbaik. Penelitian ini menggunakan persentase 0.5%, 1.25%, 1.5% tea tree oil dari sediaan krim, dan digunakan persentase 3%, 4%, 5% kolagen ikan serta 0.5%, 0.7%, 0.9% tea tree oil dari sediaan sabun cair. Pemilihan formulasi ditentukan dari segi parameter analisis produk dan organoleptik dengan menggunakan pembobotan termodifikasi dan aspek harga produksi ekonomis. Pada penelitian ini formulasi krim dengan persentase tea tree oil 1.5% (F3) serta formulasi sabun cair dengan persentase 3% kolagen ikan dan 0.5% tea tree oil (a.x) dipilih karena memiliki keunggulan dari segi parameter organoleptik dan analisis produk. Formulasi krim F3 memiliki nilai pH 7.26, viskositas 10360 cP, dan daya sebar 5.03 cm. Formulasi sabun cair a.x memiliki nilai pH 7.97 dan asam lemak bebas 0.59%. Umur simpan produk krim ditentukan oleh parameter kritis daya sebar, sedangkan untuk produk sabun ditentukan oleh parameter kritis asam lemak bebas. Produk krim dan sabun cair memiliki efektivitas antibakteri dikarenakan adanya diameter zona hambat. Kedua produk tersebut juga memperoleh persentase penerimaan umum yang cukup baik sehingga dapat diterima oleh konsumen dan mampu bersaing dengan produk komersial., Tea tree oil is an active ingredient that contains terpinen-4-ol which is useful for treating acne due to its antibacterial activity. This study aims to obtain the best formulations of cream and liquid soap, quality stability, antibacterial effectiveness, and estimate the shelf life of the best formulations. This study used percentages of 0.5%, 1.25%, 1.5% tea tree oil from cream preparations, and used percentages of 3%, 4%, 5% fish collagen and 0.5%, 0.7%, 0.9% tea tree oil from liquid soap preparations. The choice of formulation was determined in terms of product analysis and organoleptic parameters using modified weighting and economical aspects. In this study, cream formulations with a percentage of 1.5% tea tree oil (F3) and liquid soap formulations with a percentage of 3% fish collagen and 0.5% tea tree oil (a.x) were chosen because they have advantages in terms of organoleptic parameters and product analysis. The F3 cream formulation has pH value of 7.26, viscosity of 10360 cP, and spreadability of 5.03 cm. Liquid soap formulation a.x has pH value of 7.97 and a free fatty acid of 0.59%. The shelf life of cream products is determined by the critical parameter of spreadability, while for soap products is determined by the critical parameter of free fatty acids. Cream and liquid soap products have antibacterial effectiveness due to diameter of inhibition zone. Both products also obtained a fairly good percentage of general acceptance so that they can be accepted by consumers and are able to compete with commercial products.
Keyword: Efektivitas antibakteri, pendugaan umur simpan, stabilitas mutu, tea tree oil

Judul: Implementation of Spatio-Temporal Change Query in Relational Database.
Abstrak: Geographic object changes in various views. Object changes are recorded using a model of static storage. No historical connection between old version data and new version data has been built. For that, a storage model of spatio-temporal queries that can analyze spatio-temporal changes has been developed. The object changes the geometry are grouped according to the taxonomy of Spatio-Temporal Pattern Change. This research has been able to apply the query patterns change including born, expand, merge, contract, split, normal and die. This query based on geometric (area) changes. The implementation of spatio-temporal change queries represents an object changes continuously with easy, change detection is done by comparing two versions of data. Keyword: spatio-temporal change query, spatio-temporal change pattern.
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