Judul: Transformasi Digital Masyarakat Desa-Kota melalui Pengembangan Usaha Penyediaan Internet BUM Desa (Kajian di Desa Cibiru Wetan, Kabupaten Bandung)
Abstrak: Akses terhadap jaringan internet telah menjadi kebutuhan yang dirasakan oleh masyarakat. Hal tersebut menjadi faktor awal yang dapat mendorong warga desa mengalami transformasi digital. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengindentifikasi transformasi digital rumah tangga pengguna internet. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode explanatory sequential mixed method dengan penelitian kuantitatif yang melibatkan 60 rumah tangga dan penelitian kualitatif yang melakukan wawancara dengan 8 informan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usaha penyediaan internet oleh BUM Desa ditemukan telah mendorong penerapan teknologi digital menuju transformasi digital di Desa Cibiru Wetan, Kecamatan Cileunyi, Kabupaten Bandung. Terdapat hubungan korelasi antara karakteristik rumah tangga dan tingkat penggunaan sumber daya digital maupun tingkat penggunaan sumber daya digital rumah tangga dan tujuan penggunaan teknologi digital. Namun, digitalisasi yang dikembangkan belum mewujudkan transformasi digital di desa, baik untuk kalangan komunitas maupun rumah tangga. Kata kunci: BUM Desa, desa digital, internet desa, transformasi digital, Access to internet networks has become a necessity felt by society. This is the initial factor that can encourage village residents to experience digital transformation. The aim of this research is to identify the digital transformation of internet user households. This research used an explanatory sequential mixed method with quantitative research involving 60 households and qualitative research involving interviews with 8 informants. The research results show that efforts to provide internet by BUM Desa were found to have encouraged the application of digital technology towards digital transformation in Cibiru Wetan Village, Cileunyi District, Bandung Regency. There is a correlation between household characteristics and the level of digital resource use as well as the level of household digital resource use and the purpose of using digital technology. However, the digitalization that has been developed has not yet realized digital transformation in villages, both for communities and households. Keywords: BUM Desa, digital transformation, village digitization, village internet
Keyword: BUM Desa, desa digital, internet desa, transformasi digital

Judul: “Transformation and Rural Digital Welfare; A Comparative Study of Coastal and Mountainous Villages in Banyuwangi Regency”.
Abstrak: Banyuwangi Regency is a lagging area before the entry of digital technology. The poverty rate in the village is quite high and difficult to access transportation. Along with the entry of the Industrial era 4.0 villages experienced poverty a second time in the form of information asymmetry, namely digital poverty or digital poverty. Since the enactment of Village Law No. 6 of 2014, regional leaders have immediately taken innovative steps to transform traditional villages into digital villages. The transformation was carried out through the provision of an online public service called 'Smart Kampung'. The existence of transformation inequality by local governments creates a digital divide among technology beneficiaries. The transformation presented to the village has not been accompanied by good information and digital literacy, so many villagers have not been able to take advantage of it. Digital technology intervention in villages needs to be maximized in order to improve welfare and become a new social capital for sustainable village development. Thus this research aims to; 1) analyze the direction and process of transforming non-digital villages into digital villages in the highland and coastal countryside of Banyuwangi Regency; 2) analyze the use of digital technologies that affect changes in socio-economic status, culture , and welfare of rural communities highlands and coastal areas of Banyuwangi Regency; 3) identify driving agents for the transformation of non-digital villages towards digital villages, and 4) formulate development sustainability ddigital technology that is able to encourage increased productivity of the village economy. This research uses qualitative methods assisted by quantitative data and data collection conducted through surveys, observations, interviews, and focus group discussions. In addition, secondary data collection is also obtained through literature studies and accompanying documentation. The research was conducted in two villages with different ecologies, namely Tamansari highland villages, Licin district, and Ketapang coastal village, Kalipuro district, Banyuwangi regency. The research began on November 20, 2019, and ended on October 25, 2020. Based on the results of research, digital technology interventions in villages have succeeded in changing the lives of rural communities from traditional to digital-based communities. The change resulted in an increase in the welfare of rural communities by 20.37%. The change of the public service system to online has been able to increase the effectiveness of work up to 50 times. Marketing local products through the Facebook social media network is known to be able to increase income while increasing the digital capabilities of citizens in using digital technology devices. Thus, the village has succeeded in reducing the gap in basic digital. The use of digital technology in the village is influenced by the diversity of access and ownership of devices, in addition to demographic social conditions. In contrast, geographical conditions do not affect the intervention of digital technology in the village due to its borderless and timeless nature. Research reveals that the community group of Smartphone device users has a higher level of well-being than the group. Therefore, the diversity of access and devices affects a person's digital ability to utilize digital technology. Research reveals that the use of digital technology affects the diversity
Keyword: Agent of Change, Digital Technology, Gemeinschaft, Smart Kampung, Social Transformation

Judul: Characterizations of low alloy steel sae 4422  plated with chromic acid (Cro3)
Abstrak: Characterizations of low alloy steel SAE 4422 plated with chromic acid (CrOrO3) was use Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), RD),Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-Ray (EDAX), Hardness Test and Roughness Test. Microstructures analysis exhibits cracks and grain boundaries microcracks as a characteristics of chrome metal found at plating metal. Perlite and Ferrite as grains of steel found at base metal with grain boundaries around it. Phase analysis of plating metal appropriate to chrome metal with lattice constant (a) is 2.559 Å and phase analysis of base metal appropriate to iron ferrite with lattice constant (a) is 3.318 Å. Both plating and base metal have cubic system. Chemical analysis of plating metal at surface section exhibits that cracks area have highest value of carbon element compare with grains and grains boundaries area. While chemical analysis of base metal at cross section exhibits that perlite have highest value of carbon element compare with ferrite and grain boundaries. The hardness value of plating metal at surface section and cross section are 753 and 637 VHN. While, the hardness value of base metal and interface area at cross section are 205 and 373 VHN. The roughness value at measurement points of chrome surface for as received sample are 0.445 μm. Observation used Optical Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy exhibits surface irregularities combine to form surface texture of plating metal at surface section.
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