Judul: Ekspresi Gen CsNitr1-L pada Padi Transgenik dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Variasi Pemupukan Nitrogen
Abstrak: RSARI and SUSTIPRIJATNO. Nitrogen is one of macroessential nutrients needed by rice. Half of nitrogen applied to plants lost due to evaporation, denitrification, and leaching. CsNitr1-L is a gene encodes nitrite transporter in plants, which transfers nitrite from cytosol into chloroplast. This research has been done to measure expression rate from CsNitr1-L gene on F2B3 transgenic rice and to determine optimum fertilizer amount. Research started by phenotype selection using 20 mM KNO2. DNA from rice leaves amplified using PCR with 35 S primer. Plants contained CsNitr1-L gene was fertilized summed equal with 0, 100, 200, and 300 kg/ha on field, respectively. Total RNA from rice leaves was isolated and was reversetranscriptased to cDNA. CsNitr1-L gene expression was analysed using Real Time PCR with actin as reference and unfertilized nontransgenic rice as calibrator. Result shown that transgenic rice with 100, 200,and 300 kg/ha fertilization, respectively, had gene expression up to 42-50 times compared to calibrator. While transgenic rice without fertilization had gene expression up to 99 times compared to calibrator. Optimum amount of fertilizer to stimulate pinnacle gene expression was found out to be around 0-100 kg/ha. Gene expression of undetected shows nitrite transporter gene was inactive.
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Judul: Analisis Pewarisan Gen CsNitr1-L pada Tanaman Padi Ciherang Transgenik Generasi F4 dari Silang Balik Ketiga
Abstrak: Efforts to increase rice production today meet some constraints, such as lans use conversion, climate change and degradation of quality of land affecting the productivity. Farmers provide additional chemical fertilizer to increase rice productivity especially nitrogen fertilizer. Field conditions with submarging system for rice plant can result in the loss of nitrogen fertilizer due to dissolve, evaporate and undergo denitrification, so most of the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in rice fields can not be optimally absorbed by plants. Nitr1-L gene is a gene that encode nitrites transporter which is included in the group of proton oligopeptide transporter (POT), so the absorption of nitrites by the plants containing this transporter becomes efficient. The gene encoding this protein (CsNitr1-L) under the control of 35S CaMV promoter had been introduced into rice plants (Oriza sativa L.) subspecies Japonica cv. Nipponbare. To transfer this gene, the japonica transgenic rice had been crossed with Indica rice cv. Ciherang, followed by back-cross and self pollination until BC3F4 generation. The aim of this study was to analyse introgression of CsNitr1-L gene in the transgenic rice BC3F4 generation. The transgenic rice plants in BC3F4 generation were selected based on the resistance to hygromicin. More than 90% population of BC3F4 are putatively transgenic rice plants. These transgenic plants were confirmed by PCR analysis by using primers corresponding to hpt gene. The seed productivity of transgenic lines was higher than that of nontransgenic ones. Based on the highest productivity of every transgenic line of G3, G7, G8, G11, four transgenic plants were analysed by PCR. PCR analysis showed that these four transgenic plants contained CsNitr1-L under the control of 35S CaMV promoter. The result indicated that the transgene of CsNitr1-L was introgressed into BC3F4 generation.
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Judul: Karakteristik Anatomi Skelet Kepala Buaya senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii).
Abstrak: Buaya sepit atau senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii) merupakan jenis buaya asli Indonesia yang berhabitat di sungai-sungai Sumatera, Kalimantan, dan juga pedalaman Sulawesi. Salah satu ciri khas buaya senyulong adalah bentuk moncong yang runcing dan sempit, namun hingga saat ini informasi mengenai struktur skelet kepala buaya senyulong sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik anatomi skelet kepala buaya senyulong yang dikatikan dengan fungsi dan perilakunya. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksploratif dengan melakukan pengamatan, pencatatan, dan pengambilan gambar dari skelet kepala buaya senyulong. Skelet kepala berukuran panjang 70 cm, lebar 29 cm, dan tingggi 17 cm dengan permukaan kasar pada os nasale, os frontale, os maxilla, os mandibula, os lacrimale, os jugale. Jumlah gigi pada buaya ini sebanyak 78 buah, terdiri dari 4 buah gigi premaxila, 16 buah gigi maxila, dan 19 buah gigi mandibula. Pada regio orbitalis ditemukan dua pasang fenestrae temporales yang berkembang baik. Fenestra supratemporale merupakan lubang oval yang membentang di sepanjang os parietale. Fenestra infratemporale berbentuk segitiga dan dibatasi oleh os squamosum, os postorbitale, os jugulare, dan os quadratum. Os mandibula hewan ini mempunyai symphysis mandibularis yang panjang yaitu garis yang melintang di corpus mandibulae. Secara fungsional ukuran symphysis mandibularis berkaitan dengan adaptasi hewan terhadap diet makan.
Keyword: kepala, moncong, Tomistoma schlegelii