Judul: Histopathological Study of Cases of Leucocytozoon sp. Infection in Laying Hens
Abstrak: Leucocytozoonosis merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh protozoa Leucocytozoon sp. dan menyebabkan penurunan produksi telur hingga kematian pada ayam petelur. Studi kasus ini bertujuan mempelajari perubahan histopatologi berbagai organ ayam petelur akibat infeksi Leucocytozoon sp. Preparat histopatologi dibuat dari organ hati, paru-paru, limpa, bursa Fabricius, esofagus, proventrikulus, ventrikulus, usus kecil, usus besar, pankreas, dan ovarium yang diwarnai dengan hematoksilin-eosin (HE) kemudian diamati di bawah mikroskop cahaya. Hasil pemeriksaan histopatologi menunjukkan pertumbuhan megaloskizon pada organ hati, paru-paru, limpa, bursa Fabricius, ventrikulus, usus besar, pankreas, dan ovarium yang disertai respon jaringan berupa hemoragi, kongesti, nekrosis, dan peradangan akut hingga granulomatosa. Keberadaan megaloskizon tersebut menjadi faktor utama dalam patogenesis penyakit leucocytozoonosis pada ayam petelur.
Keyword: Ayam petelur, histopatologi, Leucocytozoon sp.

Judul: Histopatologi Organ Reproduksi pada Avian Infectious Bronchitis
Abstrak: A cadaver of laying hen was found dead due to a highly widespread virus known as Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) that has caused serious decrease in egg production as much as 70% leading to economic losses in the chicken industry. This case study was aimed to study the histopathological changes of IBV in poultry in order to reveal chronological sequences in the decrease of egg production in laying hens. Organ samples were collected from the ovaries, oviduct, as well as lungs and kidneys as secondary findings. Afterwards, organ were being processed for histopathological examinations and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin. Histopathologically, it can be seen that there were multiple lesions presence along the reproductive tract characterized by edematous, oophoritis, inflammation, and necrosis accompanied by a multifocal infiltration of inflammatory cells dominated by lymphocytes and plasma cells, that is leading to the decline of egg quality and interruption of egg production. The detailed information on the histopathological changes in the hen ovary and oviduct could provide a better understanding about the pathogenicity of IBV., Bangkai ayam petelur ditemukan mati karena penyebaran virus yang dikenal sebagai Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) yang telah menyebabkan penurunan produksi telur yang fatal sebanyak 70% dan menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi dalam industri ayam. Studi kasus ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari perubahan histopatologi penyakit IBV pada ayam untuk mengetahui kronologis penurunan produksi telur pada ayam petelur. Sampel organ dikumpulkan dari ovarium, saluran telur sebagai temuan primer serta paru-paru dan ginjal sebagai temuan sekunder. Setelah itu organ diproses untuk pemeriksaan histopatologi dan diwarnai dengan Hematoxylin- Eosin. Secara histopatologi terlihat adanya beberapa lesi di sepanjang saluran reproduksi yang ditandai dengan edematus, ooforitis, inflamasi, dan nekrosis disertai infiltrasi multifokal sel inflamasi yang didominasi oleh limfosit dan sel plasma sehingga menyebabkan penurunan kualitas sel telur dan gangguan produksi telur. Informasi detil tentang perubahan histopatologis pada ovarium ayam dan saluran telur diharapkan dapat memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang patogenisitas IBV.
Keyword: Decrease egg production, histopathology, infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), laying hen, Ayam petelur, infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), penurunan produksi telur, histopatologi

Judul: Anthropogenic CO(2) contain in Indonesian Throughflow Region (ITF)
Abstrak: This research uses TrOCA method in order to investigate anthropogenic CO2 distribution in the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) regime as well as its relationship with water mass transport from Pasific Ocean to Indian Ocean, based on four parameters; TCO2 (dissolved inorganic carbon), TA (total alkalinity), O2 (oxygen), and θ (potential temperature). The calculated anthropogenic CO2 is generaly distributed in upper layer of thermocline from both oceans, with concentration of 20–50 μmol.kg-1. In the North Equatorial Current (NEC) station section (section P10N) of Pacific Ocean, the anthropogenic CO2 is mainly stratified in upper layer with maximum concentration of 50 μmol.kg-1 and founded near surface. The anthropogenic CO2 content in NEC will be transported to Mindanao Current (MC) regime which is an inflow for ITF. Two stations in MC regime showed a similar stratification of anthropogenic CO2 in upper layer with maximum concentration of about 50 μmol.kg-1. In the outlet of ITF, particularly station section along eastern Indian Ocean (section H_I10), the stratification is still found in upper layer with maximum concentration of 50 μmol.kg-1. In section H_I10 on the eastern of Indian Ocean, concentration along latitude and longitude line are higher than the stations in western of Pasific Ocean. The estimation of anthropogenik CO2 budget in outlet ITF is 40.43–73.38 Tg C y-1, higher than those observed in inlet ITF is 13.88–33.72 Tg C y-1. It means that the ITF region is responsible for this different. In station of Banda and Ombai Strait, a high accumulation anthropogenic CO2 was found between 20-71 μmol.kg-1 in the depth ranging from 5 to 200 m. In Banda station, this accumulation was probably due to water mass transport from Java Sea, resident time and acccumulation of water, whereas in Ombai Strait station, it was because of water mass transport from Java Sea and Pacific Ocean, and terrestrial run off.
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