Judul: Pengaruh Ekstrak Jahe (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) Segar dan Bertunas Terhadap Proliferasi Beberapa Alur Sel Kanker dan Normal
Abstrak: Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuh ~ncncegah kanker adalah dengan mengkonsumsi bahan pangan yang terbukti mempunyai aktifitas antikanker Jahe termasuk jenis bahan pangan yang berpotensi dalam pencegahan kanker Rempahrempah ini sudah sangat dikenal dan luas penggunaannya, baik sebagai bumbu dapur maupun sebagai obat tradisional
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Judul: Mempelajari pengaruh ekstrak rimpang jahe (Zingiber officinale roscoe) segar dan bertunas terhadap aktifitas sel natural killer manusia dalam melisis alur sel leukemia (K-562)
Abstrak: Penyakit kanker saat ini masih menjadi urutan kedua penyebab kematian tertinggi di dunia. Untuk itu berbagai upaya perlu dilakukan untuk mengurangi resiko kanker dengan mencari bahan anti kanker yang bersifat efektif dan aman. Alternatif bahan anti kanker tersebut dapat digali dari rempah-rempah yang selama ini telah banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai obat tradisional. Rimpang jahe telah dikenal sebagai obat tradisional untuk mengatasi influenza, reumatik, batuk, anti inflamasi dan lain-lain. Hal ini diduga berkaitan erat dengan kemampuan jahe dalam menstimulir respon imun. Efek stimulasinya dapat diuji dengan melihat pengaruh ekstrak jahe terhadap aktifitas sitolitik sel Natural Killer (NK) terhadap sel kanker. Pengujiannya ditentukan berdasarkan kemampuan sel NK sebagai sel efektor, dalam melisis sel kanker (K-562) yang merupakan sel target, pada medium kultur yang ditambahkan dengan ekstrak jahe. Ekstrak jahe yang diujikan adalah jahe segar dalam air (JSA), jahe bertunas dalain air (JBA), JSA berisi komponen di bawah 8.000 dalton (JSA<8 kD), JBA berisi komponen di bawah 8.000 dalton (JBA<8 kD), jahe segar dalam etanol (JSE) dan jahe bertunas dalam etanol (JBE)
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Judul: The Construction of Greedy SVP LLL Algorithm
Abstrak: A lattice is a set of all integer linear combination of a set of linearly independent vectors in ℝ𝑛���. The independent vectors are called bases of lattice. Any lattice can be generated from many bases, and these bases have the same cardinality. In the lattice, the most fundamental and renowned problem is the Shortest Vector Problem (SVP). SVP is a tracking problem of the shortest nonzero vector in a lattice with equivalent bases. In two dimensions, SVP problem has resolved exactly by Gauss’ algorithm. When the lattice dimension is higher than two, A.K. Lenstra, H.W. Lenstra and L. Lovasz gave a LLL algorithm to compute approximation of nonzero shortest vector in the lattice. Reduced bases solution obtained from LLL algorithm still be an approximation and has polynomial running time of arbitrary dimension which large enough. In 1994, Schnoor and Euchner modified this LLL algorithm as a new variant which later was named deep insertion LLL algorithm. This algorithm is a modified version of the LLL algorithm to the terms of the exchange step to improve the accuracy of output of LLL reduced bases and applying it to the subset sum problem. The purpose of this research are: (1) Reconstruct the LLL algorithm and deep insertion LLL algorithm using a geometric approach. (2) Construct a greedy SVP LLL algorithm. (3) Implement the three algorithms in a symbolic programming language, and evaluate them experimentally. A bases ℬ=[𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑛���] in ℝ𝑚��� is called reduced LLL with parameter 𝛿��� if satisfies: (a) |𝜇���𝑗���𝑖���|≤12, for every integer 𝑖���,𝑗��� with 1≤𝑖���<𝑗���<𝑛���. (b)𝛿���‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���)‖2≤‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���+1)‖2, for 𝑗���=1,2,…,𝑛���−1,where 𝛿��� is a reduced parameter of real numbers with 14<𝛿���<1. The first requirement is the reduced basis 𝛿��� must “nearly orthogonal” and in its computation case, this requirement can be reached out by using the Gram-Schmidt’s orthogonalization. While the second requirement is called exchange step, or used to called as Lovasz condition. By using both of these requirements, then they establish the LLL algorithm. Then, Schnoor and Euchner modify the LLL algorithm based on the requirements of the exchange step called the deep insertion LLL algorithm, where the exchange step is based on the comparison of the projected vector in orthogonal complement [𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑘���−1]⊥ after j-th reduction. To construct greedy SVP LLL algorithm, the requirements of the exchange step is based on purely by comparing norm of lattice 𝐛���𝑗��� with norm lattice 𝐛���𝑖��� for 𝑖���=1,2,3…,𝑗���−1. The process of insertion reduced vector after the exchange step also has done greedily. Then, we calculate the number of arithmetic operation in greedy SVP LLL algorithm for further analysis. The result of our exprimentation for three algorithms on the certain matrix size shows that the running time of the three algorithms increases propotional to the size of the matrix. The result also shows that by using 𝛿���=34 for the LLL algorithm and the deep insertion LLL algorithm, and the greedy SVP LLL algorithm which is a new variant made by using no parameter of 𝛿���, outperform of the other of two previous algorithm in terms of speed with the same output.
Keyword: LLL algorithm, LLL deep insertion algorithm, greedy SVP LLL algorithm