Judul: Komposisi dan Distribusi Otot Kambing Kacang dan Kambing Peranakan Etawah yang Dipotong pada Bobot Sedang.
Abstrak: A total of 36 goats which consist of 26 kacang goats and 10 peranakan etawah goats were used to evaluate the muscle composition and distribution slaughtered in medium body weight (16.49 kg). Compositition of carcass in slaugter weight, carcass weight and a half weight carcass kacang goats were significantly different (P<0.01) than PE goats. The expensive muscle group (1+3+5) were 52.15% of carcasses muscle of kacang goats and 51.47% of carcassses muscle of peranakan etawah goats. The other muscle group 2, 4, 6, 7, 8 and 9 were 4.75, 12.02, 3.82, 3.20, 7.22 and 16.76% of kacang goats 5.34, 12.56, 4.07, 3.06, 7.11 and 16.42% peranakan etawah goats. The weight of group 1 (proximal thigh) on kacang goats was heavier than PE goats. Percentage of all weight in both breed goats have relatively equal proportions except group 2 that was percentage distal thigh muscle PE goats was larger than kacang goats at the medium slaughter weight.
Keyword: peranakan etawah goat, kacang goat, muscle distribution

Judul: Karakteristik Karkas dan Non Karkas Kambing Kacang dan Kambing Peranakan Etawah pada Bobot Potong 17 kg.
Abstrak: The objective of this research was to evaluate the characteristics of carcass and non carcass of 36 local goats which consists of 26 kacang goats and and 10 peranakan etawah (PE) goats of average slaughter weight at 17 kg. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA), with slaughter weight or left carcass weight as a covariable. The results showed that kacang goat had significantly higher (P<0.01) in slaughter weight, empty body weight, weight and percentage of carcass than PE goat (P<0.01). There were significantly different in the proportion of non carcass components such as head, skin, feet, blood, omental fat, heart, vesica urinaria, kidney and digestive tract. The result indicated that PE goat had significantly higher (P<0.01) in percentage of carcass bone and connective tissue and significantly lower in percentage of carcass fat than kacang goat (20.96% dan 2.8%). Generally, the kacang goat and PE goat slaughtered 17 kg of average body weight had carcass percentages of 41.02% and 34.31% and non carcass percentages of 33.81% dan 32.61%.
Keyword: local goat, carcass, breeds, non carcass

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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