Judul: Kajian Biaya Operasional Dana Pensiun Pemberi Kerja
Abstrak: Masyarakat mempunyai banyak cara dalam menginvestasikan uangnya. Salah satunya dalam bentuk tabungan masyarakat bejangka panjang yang hasilnya dapat dinikmati setelah orang yang bersangkutan pensiun. Jenis tabungan ini disebut sebagai dana pensiun. Tabungan dana pensiun ini diselenggarakan oleh perusahaan Dana Pensiun yang mana didalamnya terdapat dua program pensiun yaitu Program Pensiun Manfaat Pasti (PPMP) dan Program Pensiun Iuran Pasti (PPIP). Dana Pensiun mengeluarkan berbagai biaya pembayaran manfaat pensiun kepada peserta atau pihak lain yang berhak serta biaya untuk operasional Dana Pensiun misalnya biaya administrasi, biaya konsultan, biaya akuntan, dan biaya valuasi untuk PPMP serta biaya-biaya lainnya. Besar biaya operasional bervariasi antara satu Dana Pensiun dengan Dana Pensiun yang lain. Hal ini tejadi karena tidak ada standar pasti mengenai besar biaya operasional Dana Pensiun. Pada PPMP, besar biaya operasional didasarkan pada asumsi dari aktuaris, sedangkan pada PPIP sampai saat ini belum ada patokan atau benchmark besarnya biaya operasional yang wajar. Oleh karena itu biaya operasional sangat penting untuk diteliti karena pada PPIP biaya operasional sangat berpengaruh terhadap besarnya manfaat pensiun yang akan dibayarkan oleh Dana Pensiun dan pada PPMP berpengaruh terhadap besar iuran yang akan dibayar oleh peserta atau pemberi kerja.
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Judul: Perhitungan Dana Pensiun Program Pensiun Normal dan Dipercepat Menggunakan Metode Cost Prorate Tipe Constant Percent dengan Beberapa Skenario Asumsi
Abstrak: Dana pensiun didefinisikan sebagai dana yang ditabung pegawai atau karyawan di masa produktif di mana hasilnya dinikmati ketika pegawai atau karyawan tersebut memasuki masa pensiun. Program pendanaan pensiun terbagi menjadi dua jenis, yaitu program pensiun manfaat pasti dan program pensiun iuran pasti. Penelitian ini membahas penggunaan metode Cost Prorate tipe Constant Percent dalam penghitungan aktuaria program pensiun manfaat pasti. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menghitung besar manfaat pensiun, kewajiban aktuaria, dan iuran normal, serta memperlihatkan pengaruh kenaikan gaji dan inflasi terhadap besar kewajiban aktuaria dan iuran normal peserta program pensiun normal dan dipercepat. Hasil perhitungan memperlihatkan bahwa semakin cepat peserta memperoleh pensiun sebelum pensiun normal, semakin kecil manfaat pensiun, kewajiban aktuaria dan total iuran normal. Semakin besar tingkat kenaikan gaji dan inflasi, semakin besar pula kewajiban aktuaria dan iuran normal., Pension funds are funds invested by employees in their productive period, which the results are enjoyed by the employees after entering retirement. Pension funding programs are divided into two kinds, namely defined benefit pension plans and defined contribution pension plans. This study discusses the use of the Constant Percent of Cost Prorate method in actuarial calculation of defined benefit pension plans. The purposes of the research are to calculate the value of pension benefits, actuarial liability, and normal cost, and also to show the effect of salary increases and inflation on the value of the actuarial liability and normal cost of normal retirement and early retirement. The calculation results show that the sooner participants obtain pensions before normal retirement, the smaller the pension benefits, actuarial liability, and accumulation of normal costs. The higher salary and inflation, the higher the actuarial liability and normal cost.
Keyword: constant percent, pension fund, salary

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite