Judul: Kajian Teknologi dan Finansial Industri Pakan &an di Desa Cimandala, Kecamatan Sukaraja, Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: Woof is a food made from several material processed into specific form (pellet), which keep considering it nutrient values. Pellet is a food for fish that have a small form in 1 - 2 cm of length. Basic material that are used is a soft powder, therefore a mixing process produce a persistent and solid mold product. The object of this research are to study technological and financial aspect on smallscale fish woof industry. Technological aspect studies are covered in production process, material, equipment and area requirement, production process mass balance. Financial aspect study are covered in investment fund, estimation of Profit - Loss and estimation of Cash flow, other factors that are observed are market factor and operational management. Basic material that are used in fish woof production are 30 percent of fish powder, 10 percent of dried cassava powder, 10 percent of bran, 25 percent of corn, and 25 percent of soy residue .The production of fish woof made by mixing all of those ingredient above with keeping attention on material cost and woof nutrient value especially woof protein values. Additional materials that are used is water which mixed by 60 percent or in accordance to a fluid content of materials. Produced woof contained 27.85 percent of protein, 43.45 percent carbohydrates, 4 percent fat, 13.7 percent of charcoal dust, and 11 percent water. Physical test that obtained on a woof showed that material that used have a medium material softness, speed of sinking by 2.12-2.21 cm/ second, 0.82-1.18 mm of particle size, with 60-80 minutes of stability. Determinations of production capacity were obtaining based on fish woof product demand in Bogor. This factor would be used as a basic to make a fundamental plan of material purchasing, the number of labors, and other necessary facilities. Selling price calculation were obtained with full costing method with marginal profit rate of 11 percent. The low of profit margin caused by that most people is not too familiar with these products widely. Promotions that are used are a verbal and indirect promotion. Verbal promotion is a promotion that runs by visiting available fishery industries or familiar business colleagues. Indirect promotion is a promotion by using a mass media or offering brochures as an advantages. Financial analysis shown that small scales of fish woof industry, whish produced woof in pellet form, sold by Rp. 2.5001 kg, need an investment fund by Rp. 125.375.000 and Rp. 106.175.000 of working capital for two month would result Rp. 787.875.248. profit by the end of project period (10 years). NPV of the industry is 11 1.396.527. Net BIC of 1,89, 42,33 percent of IRR, Pay Back Period (PBP) is 2,7 and with BEP Rp.284.209.36lyears or 135.749 kgyears.
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Judul: Analisis Kelayakan dan Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Pengolahan Pindang Ikan Skala Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah di Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Fisheries plays large role in economic development, as a food protein source or as source of nation’s income. The needs of fisheries commodity through years always increase along with the increase of the nation’s wealth and people awareness about the goodness of fisheries product nutrition for brain health and development. The fish processing business in Indonesia is generally dominated by middle and small scale industries. It’s suspected that the current development for boiled fish at the Bogor district is not yet optimally developed due to the lacking of funds, production facility, the sanitary and hygienity knowledges, packing techniques, management and marketing whereas as Jakarta’s support city the Bogor district with it’s increasing numbers of population and economic growth level serves as a good condition for boiled fish processing industry. Therefore a good analysis feasibility and bussiness development strategy is required to create a developed, independent and sustainable boiled fish processing industry for Bogor district. The Purpose of this study were to (1) Consider profile of Boiled Fish for Micro, Small and Medium Scale, (2) Consider production system of Boiled Fish for Micro, Small and Medium Scale, (3) Analyze the finansial feasibility for Boiled Fish for Micro, Small and Medium Scale and (4) Formulate the development strategy of Boiled Fish for Micro, Small and Medium Scale. This study uses primary data (observation, and interviews in the field) and secondary data (literature, documents and reports related agencies). Questionnare was spreaded to the stakeholder to obtain supporting data with a purposive sampling methode. They were analized using the descriptive method, finansial feasibility, EFE (External Factor Evaluation), IFE (Internal Factor Evaluation), IE (Internal External) matrix, SWOT matrix and the Analitycal Hierarchy Prosess (AHP). Based on feasibility boiled fish business investment according to PBP, NPV,IRR and Net B/C ratio, business of boiled fish in Bogor distric is to be profitable because it has a value PBP lower than economy life, NPV>0, IRR>14% (discount factor) and net B/C ratio >1. Based on analysis sensitivitas of bussines for micro and small scale, this business can be more suistainable with the price of raw material is increased and the price of product is decreased more than mediun scale business. Based on Analysis Hierarchy Proses (AHP), Business Development Stategy of Boiled Fish for Micro, Small and Medium Scale in Bogor Distric, West Java can be done a follows : 1. Improve the quality of human resources and facility production (0,27), 2. Enlarge market dan distribution channel (0,194) and 3. Diversification of product and preserve the most favourite taste of consumers.
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Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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