Judul: Zn Suplementation in Different Diets on Internal Organs and Digestive Tract of IPB-D2 Candidate Chicken Strains Aged 23 Weeks
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dirancang dengan tujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh jenis ransum yang berbeda serta suplementasi Zn terhadap organ dalam calon galur Ayam IPB-D2. Ransum perlakuan diberikan selama delapan minggu. Pemeliharaan terbagi menjadi dua fase yaitu fase pre-layer (16-19 minggu) dan fase layer (20-28 minggu). Pengukuran peubah dilakukan pada ayam umur 23 minggu sebanyak 20 ekor atau 10% dari total populasi. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan RAL pola faktorial dengan dua faktor yaitu jenis ransum (Sesuai kebutuhan nutrien Lohmann 2020 dan ransum dengan kebutuhan nutrien <10% Lohmann 2020) serta suplementasi Zn (0 ppm dan 120 ppm). Perlakuan ransum yang diberikan adalah: P0Zn0= ransum sesuai kebutuhan nutrien Lohmann 2020, P0Zn120= ransum sesuai kebutuhan nutrien Lohmann 2020 + Zn 120 ppm, P1Zn0= ransum dengan kebutuhan nutrient <10% Lohmann 2020, P1Zn120= ransum dengan kebutuhan nutrien <10% Lohmann 2020 + Zn 120 ppm. Peubah yang diukur pada penelitian ini meliputi bobot potong, persentase bobot karkas, persentase bobot organ dalam serta saluran pencernaan dan panjang relatif usus. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa supelementasi Zn 120 ppm dalam ransum P0 nyata (P<0,05) menurunkan persentase bobot kaki. Pengaruh ransum P1Zn0 nyata (P<0,05) menurunkan persentase bobot kolon. Tidak ada interaksi antara jenis ransum dan suplementasi Zn maupun pengaruh faktor utama terhadap peubah lainnya yang diukur. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ransum dengan kebutuhan nutrien berdasarkan Lohmann (2020) dan suplementasi Zn 120 ppm sudah mampu memenuhi kebutuhan nutrisi dan perkembangan organ dalam calon galur ayam IPB-D2 fase layer, This study aimed to evaluate the influence of diet types according to nutrients required based on Lohmann 2020 as well as Zn supplementation on the internal organs of IPB-D2 candidate chicken strains. The treatment diets were given for eight weeks. Maintenance was divided into two periods, the pre-layer period (16-19 weeks) and the layer period (20-28 weeks). Variables were measured in 23-week-old chickens as much as 20 heads or 10% of the total population. The experimental design used a factorial with two factors, first the type of diet (diet based on the nutritional required of Lohmann 2020 and diet with nutrients required <10% Lohmann 2020) and secondly Zn supplementation (0 ppm and 120 ppm). The diet treatment was given P0Zn0= diet according to Lohmann 2020 nutrients, P0Zn120 = diet according to Lohmann 2020 nutrients + Zn 120 ppm, P1Zn0 = diet with nutrient required <10% Lohmann 2020, P1Zn120 = diet with nutrient required <10 % Lohmann 2020 + Zn 120 ppm. The observed variables included slaughter weight, percentage of the weight of carcass, percentage of the weight of internal organs and digestive tract, and relative length of intestines. The results showed that the supplementation of Zn 120 ppm in the P0 diet significantly (P<0.05) decreased the percentage of the weight of the legs. The effect of the P1Zn0 diet significantly (P<0.05) lowers the percentage of the weight of colons. There was no interaction between diet types and Zn supplementation nor the influence of major factors on other measured modifiers. The conclusion of this study was that feed with nutrient content according to Lohmann (2020) and supplemented with 120 ppm zinc is sufficient to meet the nutritional needs and
Keyword: IPB-D2 candidate chicken strain, Carcass, Internal organs, Lohmann 2020, Zn

Judul: Zn Supplementation in Diets on the Carcass and Non Carcass Percentage, and Meat-Bone Ratio in IPB-D3 Chicken
Abstrak: Percobaan ini dirancang untuk mengevaluasi suplementasi Zn terhadap persentase karkas, persentase non karkas, serta rasio daging-tulang ayam IPB-D3 dalam ransum yang berbeda. Analisis data menggunakan RAL pola faktorial dengan dua faktor yaitu jenis ransum (SNI dan SNI+10%) dan dosis Zn (0 ppm dan 60 ppm). Sebanyak 160 ayam IPB-D3 digunakan sebagai objek penelitian dan diberikan 4 perlakuan ransum, yaitu (P1) ransum SNI, (P2) ransum SNI+10%, (P3) ransum SNI+Zn 60 ppm, dan (P4) ransum SNI+10%+Zn 60 ppm. Peubah yang diamati pada penelitian ini adalah persentase karkas dan potongan karkas, persentase non karkas, serta rasio daging-tulang pada dada, paha atas, dan paha bawah. Interaksi pemberian jenis ransum yang mengandung nutrien diatas 10% SNI dan suplementasi Zn 60 ppm meningkatkan persentase sayap tetapi menurunkan persentase jejunum. Jenis ransum SNI+10% mampu meningkatkan persentase karkas, tetapi menurunkan persentase duodenum, sekum, kolon, serta panjang relatif pada duodenum, jejunum, ileum, sekum, dan kolon. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah perlakuan yang terbaik terdapat pada ransum yang mengandung nutrien diatas 10% SNI tanpa suplementasi Zn. Ransum yang mengandung nutrien lebih besar 10% dari SNI ayam kampung memberikan respon yang lebih baik terhadap persentase dan potongan karkas, serta persentase non karkas ayam IPB-D3., This experiment was designed to evaluate Zn supplementation on the carcass percentage, non-carcass percentage, and meat-bone ratio of IPB-D3 chicken in different diet. Data analysis used a factorial RAL pattern with two factors, namely diet type (SNI and SNI+10%) and Zn dose (0 ppm and 60 ppm). A total of 160 IPB-D3 chickens were used as research objects and were given 4 diet treatment, namely (P1) diet SNI+Zn 0 ppm, (P2) diet SNI+10%+Zn 0 ppm, (P3) diet SNI+Zn 60 ppm, and (P4) diet SNI+10%+Zn 60 ppm. The variables observed in this study were the carcass percentage and carcass pieces, non-carcass percentage, and meat-bone ratio in breast, upper thigh, and lower thigh. The interaction of giving the type of diet containing nutrients above 10% SNI and Zn supplementation 60 ppm increased wing percentage but decreased jejunum percentage. The type diet SNI+10% was able to increase the carcass percentage, but decrease the percentage of duodenum, cecum, colon, and the relative length of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon. The conclusion of this study is the best treatment with diet containing nutrients above 10% SNI without Zn supplementation. The diet containing 10% more nutrients than the SNI native chicken gave a better response to the carcass percentage and carcass pieces, as well as the non carcass percentage in IPB-D3 chicken.
Keyword: ayam IPB-D3, persentase karkas, persentase non karkas, rasio daging tulang, Zn, IPB-D3 chicken, carcass percentage, non carcass percentage, meat-bone ratio, zinc

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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