Judul: Penambatan Molekuler secara In Silico dan Aktivitas Nanoenkapsulat Kurkuminoid secara In Vitro sebagai Potensi Anti Penuaan Dini.
Abstrak: Kolagenase merupakan senyawa pendegradasi kolagen dan teraktivasi oleh reactive oxygen species sehingga dapat menyebabkan penuaan kulit. Penuaan kulit dapat diatasi oleh produk yang mengandung antioksidan. Suatu senyawa yang memiliki kemampuan dalam mereduksi radikal bebas belum tentu dapat menghambat kolagenase. Kurkuminoid memiliki aktivitas antioksidan, namun bioavailabilitasnya rendah. Peningkatan bioavailabilitas kurkuminoid dapat dilakukan dengan pembuatan nanopartikel. Penelitian bertujuan menguji potensi kurkumin dan turunannya dalam menghambat kolagenase melalui penambatan molekuler dan potensi nanoenkapsulat kurkuminoid sebagai anti penuaan dini secara in vitro. Penambatan molekuler dilakukan antara kolagenase dengan senyawa kurkumin dan turunannya. Nanoenkapsulat kurkuminoid diuji aktivitas antioksidannya menggunakan DPPH dan dianalisis ukuran serta kestabilan nanoenkapsulat kurkuminoid menggunakan PSA (particle size analyzer) dan Zetasizer. Hasil penambatan diperoleh senyawa kurkumin dan turunannya dapat tertambat pada sisi aktif kolagenase. Nanoenkapsulat kurkuminoid memiliki ukuran sebesar 180.3 nm, indeks polidispersitas sebesar 0.476, dan potensial zeta sebesar -45.1 mV. Serbuk enkapsulat memiliki kadar air sebesar 2.16% serta mengandung kurkuminoid sebesar 1.038 mg/g enkapsulat. Aktivitas antioksidan pada nanoenkapsulat kurkuminoid memiliki IC50 sebesar 2.62 μg/mL.
Keyword: antioksidan, antipenuaan, nanoenkapsulat-kurkuminoid, kolagenase, kurkuminoid

Judul: Potensi Antibakteri Kurkuminoid dan Nanokurkuminoid Temulawak (Curcuma xanthoriza) Secara In Silico dan In Vitro.
Abstrak: Kurkuminoid termasuk senyawa yang cepat dimetabolisme. Bentuk nanoemulsi dapat menjadi alternatif untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Antibakteri pada umumnya menghambat pembentukan dinding sel. Enzim MurA berperan penting dalam pembentukan dinding sel bakteri. Penelitian mengenai fungsi kurkuminoid sebagai antibakteri secara in silico serta potensi nanokurkuminoid sebagai antibakteri belum pernah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji potensi kurkuminoid sebagai antibakteri melalui uji penghambatan enzim UDP-N-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase (MurA) secara penambatan molekuler serta mengukur aktivitas antibakteri dari nanokurkuminoid menggunakan uji difusi cakram. Senyawa kurkuminoid menunjukkan nilai energi bebas Gibs lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan ligan pembanding. Nanokurkuminoid memiliki nilai MIC 200 μg/mL untuk ekstrak kasar pada bakteri Escherichia coli serta 400 μg/mL untuk bakteri Bachillus subtilis. Zona bening nanokurkuminoid mendekati dengan senyawa ekstrak kasar dengan konsentrasi senyawa aktif yang kecil. Senyawa kurkuminoid mampu menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri baik secara in silico maupun dalam bentuk nanokurkuminoid secara in vitro.
Keyword: antibakteri, diffusi cakram, docking, enzim MurA, nanokurkuminoid

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite