Judul: Autentikasi Produk Olahan Ikan Sidat dengan Spesies- Spesifik Mini DNA Barcodes.
Abstrak: DNA mini-barcode merupakan salah satu metode autentikasi berbasis DNA yang belum dilakukan di Indonesia, terutama untuk mengautentikasi produk olahan ikan dengan nilai ekonomis tinggi. Sidat memiliki nilai jual yang tinggi serta banyak dijumpai di Indonesia, sehingga berpotensi untuk meningkatkan ekspor perikanan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu membandingkan metode DNA mini-barcode dengan DNA full-length serta mendapatkan primer DNA mini-barcode spesies-spesifik dan mengaplikasikannya pada berbagai produk olahan. Tahapan penelitian yang digunakan yaitu isolasi DNA, amplifikasi DNA, pengecekan kualitas dan kuantitas DNA, sekuensing, pembuatan desain primer mini barcode spesies-spesifik dan identifikasi. Amplifikasi DNA dengan mini barcode memiliki tingkat keberhasilan yang lebih tinggi. Primer spesifik berhasil mengamplifikasi baik sampel sidat segar maupun berbagai sampel olahan dengan ukuran produk PCR 219 pb dan 273 pb. Sampel ikan sidat teridentifikasi sebagai spesies Anguilla bicolor bicolor (99-100%) dan Anguilla marmorata (100%).
Keyword: COI, DNA mini-barcode, ikan sidat, primer spesies-spesifik

Judul: Autentikasi Produk Olahan Ikan Hiu Komersial Menggunakan Teknik DNA Mini Barcodes
Abstrak: Eksploitasi penggunaan bahan baku dari ikan hiu menyebabkan berkurangnya populasi ikan hiu, sehingga spesies ini rentan akan kepunahan. Alternatif uji autentikasi yang dilakukan pada produk olahan ikan hiu, dapat menggunakan teknik DNA mini barcodes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengaplikasikan primer spesies spesifik DNA mini barcodes spesies Sphyrna lewini pada berbagai produk olahan ikan hiu. Primer spesifik mini barcodes dapat menghasilkan amplifikasi yang lebih baik dari primer DNA full length barcode. Ukuran produk yang berhasil diamplifikasi oleh primer spesifik yaitu pada target 300 pb. Hasil sekuensing DNA sampel menunjukkan bahwa spesies teridentifikasi adalah Sphyrna lewini dan Hemigaleus microstoma, dengan homologi 99%. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa masih terdapatnya pemanfaatan ikan hiu yang dilindungi secara illegal, sehingga perlu penerapan regulasi yang lebih ketat untuk melestarikan spesies-spesies hiu yang terancam kepunahannya. K
Keyword: DNA mini barcodes, ikan hiu, primer spesies-spesifik

Judul: The Effects of Variance of Interest rate to Variance of Annuity Future Values
Abstrak: Time value of money is a concept that refers to the difference of the value of money due to time difference. The value of money for present time would not be the same as the value of money in the future. The value of money for present time is called as Present Value (PV) of the money and the value of money for future time is called Future Value (FV) of the money. Determination the value of money, for present and future time, depends on the time and rate of return. The value of money is determined by several factors such as inflation, fluctuation of interest rates, and government policy in securities and taxation. Due to fluctuation of the value of money we need a FV formulation, it is useful for knowing whether an investment can be profitable or not, and this information is useful also in budget analysis. Annuity is defined as a series of payments made for a specific period. The payment, fixed or varied, can be made at the beginning or at the end of the period. Annuity paid at the beginning of the period is called annuity-due and annuity paid at the end of the period is called immediate annuity-certain. The accumulated value of the annuity after few years later is called as a final value or a future value. Burnecki et al. (2003) have discussed about the FV of a fixed-rate annuity in which payments are made according to the arithmetic or geometric series. They have also examined FV for annuities in which payments are made according to arithmetic or geometric series with random rates of interest. This paper examines FV for annuity-due in which payments are made according to arithmetic or geometric series with interest rates as a random variable, which is normal distribution ,  . Future value formula is expressed in recursive form. FV for annuity-due which payments are made according to the arithmetic or geometric series with random rates of interest is calculated by theoretical way and simulation way. The random rates of interest is denoted as k k i  i  , where k i an independent random variable; i is a constant and k  is a random variable which has normal distribution ,  . By using the determined parameters, a sequence of random rates of interest are generated for theoretical calculation. Meanwhile for the simulation, the random rates of interest is generated 1000 times for the simulation. The generated data give mean value, variance, and standard deviation. Moreover, error of mean value, variance, and standard deviation from the theoretical and simulation results are calculated. Error calculation uses Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error (SMAPE). The smaller the value of SMAPE is the more accurate the simulation. The interest rate variances are varied from 0.000036 to 0.0001 to study the relationship between variance of rates of interest and variance of future value. The theoretical and simulation results show that when the variance of random rates of interest increases, then the variance of FV increases linearly. FV of the annuity-due in
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