Judul: Studi pembungaan, perkembangan buah dan perkecambahan biji nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.), suatu tanaman penghasil biodiesel
Abstrak: Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) merupakan tanaman tropis yang banyak dimanfaatkan secara tradisional oleh penduduk lokal seperti bahan bangunan, kayu bakar dan obat luar. Dalam penelitian ini dipelajari perkembangan bunga dan buah, menguji perkecambahan biji dan mengetahui kadar lemak pada biji. Dalam percobaan ini digunakan dua pohon yang telah berumur 11-12 tahun sebagai objek pengamatan. Pengamatan morfologi dan uji kecambah dilakukan di lapang, sedangkan pengamatan anatomi dengan pembuatan sediaan mikroskopis dan pengujian kadar lemak dengan menggunakan soklet dilakukan di laboratorium. Tunas memiliki 8-15 kuncup bunga. Bunga tersusun dalam tandan majemuk bertipe anak payung menggarpu, dengan 4 helai kelopak, 4 helai mahkota, satu putik dan 4 berkas benangsari yang mengelilingi putik, namun ditemukan bunga dengan 5 atau 3 helai kelopak dan 3 berkas benangsari. Buah berbentuk bulat, hijau dan jika sudah matang cenderung mengeras dengan kulit berwarna kecoklatan. Pertumbuhan tunas bunga hingga tunas memiliki kuncup siap mekar memerlukan waktu 27 hari setelah inisiasi (HSI). Tingkat kerontokan kuncup mencapai 48,52%, sedangkan pada bunga tingkat kerontokan mencapai 64,5 %. Secara umum P2 memiliki persentase kerontokan buah lebih besar dibanding P1. Bunga mekar terjadi selama 3 hari dan memasuki 4 hari setelah anthesis bagian-bagian bunga mulai rontok. Pertumbuhan buah dari kecil hingga matang rata-rata 8-10 minggu setelah anthesis (MSA). Biji dari pohon P2 memiliki kadar lemak sebesar 51,79%, lebih tinggi dibanding biji dari pohon P1 yang sebesar 42,57%. Perkecambahan biji pohon kedua juga lebih cepat dibanding dengan biji dari pohon pertama menandakan adanya variasi diantara kedua pohon tersebut.
Keyword: Biodiesel, Nyamplung, Calophyllum, Bogor Agricultural University

Judul: Studi Pembungaan, Perkembangan Buah dan Perkecambahan Biji Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.), Suatu Tanaman Penghasil Biodiesel
Abstrak: Calophyllum inophyllum (nyamplung) is among tropical plants traditionally used by local residents as firewood, building material and medicinal plants. The aim of this research was to study flower and fruit development, seed germination and oil content of the seeds. Two adult trees were used as objects of observation. Observation of morphology and germination tests were carried out on the field, while the anatomical observations by microscopic preparations and oil content analysis using the soxhlet were carried out in the laboratory. The result showed that generative bud generally had 8-15 flowers. A cymose inflorescence with 4 petals, 4 sepals, single pistil and 4 clumps of stamen surrounded the pistil. In some cases, the flowers with 5 or 3 sepals and 3 clumps of stamen were also observed. Fruits were rounded, green and turned to harden with brownish color during maturation. Flower bud grown from bud was ready to blossom 27 days after initiation (DAI). There were up to 48.52% flower buds during flower development, and up to 64,5% flower drop during fruit development. Generally fruit drop rate in P2 higher than P1. During development flowers bloomed for 3 days, and 4 days after anthesis the flowers started to lose their part. The fruits have started ripening at 8-10 week after anthesis (WAA). Seeds from P2 tree had oil content of 51.79%, higher than the P1 tree (42.57%). The second tree seeds germinated quicker than that of the first tree, which shows the variation between the tree.
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Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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