Judul: Rancangan Mesin Pendingin sistem Absorpsi Intermiten dengan Kombinasi Larutan LiBr-H2O
Abstrak: Pendinginan produk hasil pertanian merupakan salah satu rantai penanganan pasea panen peltanian yang penting unulk mempeltahankan mutu produk. Telmik pendinginan yang biasa diglU1akan adalah dengan sistem kompresi uap dengan menggunakanfreon sebagai refi·igeraIllly.a. Penggunaanfreon sebagai zat pendingin dalam mesin pendingin dan lU1tuk lain-lain mulai dibatasi dan bahkan akan dilarang penggunaannya di Indonesia, karena mengandung CFC yang temyata belakangan eliketahui mempunyai dampak buruk terhaelap lingkungan, yang qapat merusak lapisan ozon. Di Indonesia tidak semua daerah te!jangkau jaringan listrik PLN, sehingga tielak elapat mengglU1akan pendinginan sistem kompresi uap. Untuk itu eli perlukan sistem pendinginan lain yang tielak menggunakan listik sebagai sumber penggeraknya. Sistem pendinginan yang eoeok untuk daerah tersebut adalah sistem pendingin absorpsi.
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Judul: Rancang bangun dan uji kinerja mesin pendingin absorpsi intermitten tipe icyball dengan fluida kerja NH3 - H2O
Abstrak: Indonesia merupakan negara agraris dengan beragam komoditas pertanian tropika seperti sayuran dan buah-buahan. Di sisi lain wilayah Indonesia dengan iklim tropis yang panas menyebabkan suhu sayuran dan buah-buahan tinggi saat panen. Tingginya suhu tersebut menyebabkan laju penurunan mutu menjadi lebih cepat akibat reaksi respirasi yang cepat. Dalam kondisi tersebut penanganan pasca panen, khususnya pada saat awal panen menjadi sangat penting dalam mempertahankan mutu. Pendinginan dapat didefinisikan sebagai proses pengkondisian udara di sekitar produk yang disimpan sehingga mencapai suhu tertentu yang dapat menghambat proses pembusukan karena kegiatan enzimatik dalam bahan (Kamarudin, 1996).
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Judul: Studies on growth spurt and aging in higher primates
Abstrak: single measurement that best defines the health and nutritional status of children, just as it provides an indirect measurement of the quality of life of an entire population. The pattern of human growth reflects the biocultural evolution of our species. The human pattern of growth and development (ontogeny) appears to differ markedly from patterns of ontogeny in other primate species. Three studies are reported here which deal to the growth and development of human and chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). These three studies allow us to contrast the phenomena of adolescence growth spurt and female elderly bone loss in chimpanzee and human as chimpanzee is the closest species to humans within extant nonhuman primates. In the first, a cross-sectional study of growth of the body size and somatotype of 363 Javanese girls and 299 Javanese boys aged 4 to 20 years from Magelang Regency, Indonesia was described. In the second, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in the growth of chimpanzee second metacarpal bone linear dimensions from individuals aged 0 to 43.6 years were used for comparison. While in the third, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in the growth of chimpanzee body size (body mass and anterior trunk length) and second metacarpal bone mineral content were derived. In measuring the second metacarpal dimensions and mineral content, a total of 568 radiographs of chimpanzee's proximodistal left hands were used. They were taken from 68 females and 49 males aged 0 to 43.62 years old. We applied an image analysis system, Scion Image Release Alpha 4.0.3.2 software for Windows to measure bone linear dimensions and bone mineral content. Humans present complex and sinuous growth curves for both body weight and height. A clear growth spurt could be demonstrated by cross-sectional analysis in our girl subjects at around aged 11.5 years and in our boy subjects at around aged 12.5 years. In longitudinal series, not in cross-sectional, several representative chimpanzees of both sexes showed a pre-adult growth spurt on the body sizes, bone dimensions and bone mineral content. They ranged at age 4.5 to 8.5 years. This underscore the fact that adolescent growth spurt in linear dimension was not a universal feature of anthropoid primate ontogeny. Bone loss is a well established characteristic of human female aging. Based on crosssectional analyses the sequential decline of bone mass in female chimpanzee may be said to be genuine. On the other hand, we found in adulthood through elderly, male chimpanzees show a longer plateau than female chimpanzee, that is, bone mineral content is maintained in male.
Keyword: Javanese children, growth spurt, chimpanzee, second metacarpal bone, bone loss, Higher Primates