Judul: Kontestasi kepentingan dalam pengelolaan sumber daya perairan Waduk Djuanda, Jatiluhur
Abstrak: The objectives of this study are: (1) to analyze actors configuration and resource property rights distribution; (2) to analyze resource access and actor’s strategies regarding how to gain, maintain and control it; (3) to analyze the interest contesting process regarding control and reservoir resource management. Research has been conducted at Djuanda Reservoir, Jatiluhur, Purwakarta Regency, West Java. This study uses critical paradigm and qualitative method. The results showed that existing regulations have not clearly defined all rights and obligations of existing actors, including both of authority and user actors group. The lost of intermediate position between the authority and the users has also became a serious problem. This position is “the claimant” which gives the users some rights to paricipate in the process of resource management as a collective decision making right (management, exclusion and alienation rights). The results also showed that right based access mechanism is gained through formal regulations. Through this mechanism has also been identified of interest distinction between the authority. While PJT II tends to limit and decrease the number of cage aquaculture, but Disnakkan tends to maintain the number of cage aquaculture. Most of the user actors use structural and relational mechanism based access to gain, maintain and control their resource access. This kind of mechanism covers a number of configurations of access domination such as technology, capital, market, knowledge, authority, social identity and social relationship. The contested interest takes place in the field of reservoir resource domination and management. This contested interest takes place at discourse, regulation and operational level.
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Judul: Kerugian Ekonomi PLTA Akibat Sedimentasi dan Peran Kelembagaan Dalam Pengelolaan Waduk Cirata - Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Cirata dam, a man made resource, included in the The Common Pool Resources (CPRs). Trend of CPRs are over use and produce externality. The impact of these externalities are the mass death of fish in pondfish, corrosive plant equipment, decreased production of hydroelectric power and the most important suistainability of dam. At least 3 sectors inside activity which contribute these sedimentation: fisheries, agriculture, and domestic activities. The objective of this study are to estimate which pollutant’s source that contribute to sedimentation by estimating the solid and liquid waste; estimating economic losses of hydropower and analyze appropriate institutional model as the CPRs dam management. Data analysis for estimating economic losses using benefit-cost analysis and for institutional analysis using Dolsak&Ostrom approach. The results showed that the main source of pollution comes from fisheries sector. The contribution from solid waste 742 ton/day and from domestic ativities 58 ton/day. The willingness to pay community for waste management program is Rp25.000/month for fisheries family and Rp6.175,00/month for non-fisheries family. Hydropower losses is Rp11 million comes from 8 years remain life time reservoir. Cost of enviromental improvement is Rp65 million. Institutional analysis showed that management of dam are low enforcement, high demand of dam product, no leading sector for collective action, and there is the political interest. The study emphazed the importance of institutional arrangement for dam suistainability management.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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