Judul: Eksplorasi sejumlah isolat Bacillus sp. lokal penghasil siklodekstrin glikosil transfererase pada substrat pati singkong
Abstrak: Siklodekstrin mempunyai kemampuan membentuk senyawa kompleks inklusi sehingga menghasilkan perubahan sifat fisik seperti meningkatkan kelarutan senyawa organik, tahan terhadap kerusakan kimia dan biokimia (enzim dan mikroorganisme), dan dapat menstabilkan senyawa flavor. Selain itu, siklodekstrin mempunyai kemampuan membentuk senyawa kompleks inklusi sehingga menghasilkan perubahan sifat fisik seperti meningkatkan kelarutan senyawa organik, tahan terhadap kerusakan kimia dan biokimia (enzim dan mikroorganisme), dan dapat menstabilkan senyawa flavor. Adanya sifat tersebut di atas menyebabkan siklodekstrin banyak digunakan untuk keperluan industri pangan, kosmetika, farmasi dan kimia (Lee dan Kim, 1991).
Keyword: Siklodekstrin, CGTase, Manihot utilissima

Judul: Analisis aktivitas siklodekstrin glukanotransferasi dan sintesis polifenol-@ glikosida secara enzimatik
Abstrak: Senyawa polifenol-a-glikosida telah dimanfaatkan sebagai agen yang efektif pada proses-proses biologi. Sintesis senyawa polifenol-a-glikosida dengan menggunakan enzim siklodekstrin glukano- transferase (CGTase) belum diteliti secara eksploratif. Polifenol-a-glikosida dapat disintesis oleh CGTase dengan menggunakan akseptor senyawa polifenol. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan analisis terhadap aktivitas CGTase lima biakan yang disolasi dari kacang kedelai steril yang difermentasi secara alami dengan jerami padi yang masih segar, yaitu JI₂, JII, JIMI₂, JIII, dan JIII,, dan sintesis polifenol-a-glikosida. Pengujian aktivitas CGTase menggunakan metode Masataka et al. (1993), sintesis dan pemisahan produk transfer dengan menggunakan metode Sulistyo et al. (1994). Pengujian gula total pada tiap fraksi hasil elusi dengan kolom arang aktif dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode Dubois (1956). Kelima biakan yang diisolasi dari jerami yang mengandung kacang kedelai menunjukkan aktivitas CGTase, tetapi hanya isolat JI₂, JII, dan III, yang menunjukkan aktivitas transfer pada akseptor hidrokinon, resolsinol dan piroketekol. Hasil identifikasi sampai tingkat spesies menunjukkan bahwa isolat JI, adalah Bacillus subtilis dan isolat JII, adalah Bacillus megaterium, sedangkan isolat JII, hanya teridentifikasi sampai tingkat genus yaitu Bacillus. Hasil pemisahan dengan kolom arang aktif, menunjukkan bahwa produk transfer terelusi ke luar pada etanol 10%. Produk transfer yang dibentuk dari 2.5 gr pati dan 1gr hidrokinon sebesar 0.74 mg (0.03%). Produk transfer yang diinginkan belum murni, karena masih tercampur beberapa senyawa turunan anilin lainnya dengan berat molekul yang lebih kecil. Oleh karena itu fraksi yang mengandung produk transfer masih perlu dimurnikan lebih lanjut.
Keyword: Siklodekstrin

Judul: The Effects of Variance of Interest rate to Variance of Annuity Future Values
Abstrak: Time value of money is a concept that refers to the difference of the value of money due to time difference. The value of money for present time would not be the same as the value of money in the future. The value of money for present time is called as Present Value (PV) of the money and the value of money for future time is called Future Value (FV) of the money. Determination the value of money, for present and future time, depends on the time and rate of return. The value of money is determined by several factors such as inflation, fluctuation of interest rates, and government policy in securities and taxation. Due to fluctuation of the value of money we need a FV formulation, it is useful for knowing whether an investment can be profitable or not, and this information is useful also in budget analysis. Annuity is defined as a series of payments made for a specific period. The payment, fixed or varied, can be made at the beginning or at the end of the period. Annuity paid at the beginning of the period is called annuity-due and annuity paid at the end of the period is called immediate annuity-certain. The accumulated value of the annuity after few years later is called as a final value or a future value. Burnecki et al. (2003) have discussed about the FV of a fixed-rate annuity in which payments are made according to the arithmetic or geometric series. They have also examined FV for annuities in which payments are made according to arithmetic or geometric series with random rates of interest. This paper examines FV for annuity-due in which payments are made according to arithmetic or geometric series with interest rates as a random variable, which is normal distribution ,  . Future value formula is expressed in recursive form. FV for annuity-due which payments are made according to the arithmetic or geometric series with random rates of interest is calculated by theoretical way and simulation way. The random rates of interest is denoted as k k i  i  , where k i an independent random variable; i is a constant and k  is a random variable which has normal distribution ,  . By using the determined parameters, a sequence of random rates of interest are generated for theoretical calculation. Meanwhile for the simulation, the random rates of interest is generated 1000 times for the simulation. The generated data give mean value, variance, and standard deviation. Moreover, error of mean value, variance, and standard deviation from the theoretical and simulation results are calculated. Error calculation uses Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error (SMAPE). The smaller the value of SMAPE is the more accurate the simulation. The interest rate variances are varied from 0.000036 to 0.0001 to study the relationship between variance of rates of interest and variance of future value. The theoretical and simulation results show that when the variance of random rates of interest increases, then the variance of FV increases linearly. FV of the annuity-due in
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