Judul: Interactions between Natural Enemies Herbivores and Cacao in Palolo Valley, Central Sulawesi
Abstrak: This study on interactions between natural enemies, herbivores and cacao was conducted in Palolo valley at the eatern margin of the Lore Lindu National Park, Central Sulawesi between April 2001 and June 2003. The research focused on four main aspects : (1) tritrophic interactions between ants, Homoptera and cacao; (2) effects of habitat isolation on ants communities in cacao plantation; (3) effects of ant communities on cacao pests and disease; (4) the potential of artificial nesting sites for increasing population density of the black cacao ant. The main objectives of the research were to study: (a) the importance of cacao agroforestry for maintaining biodiversity, and (b) the interactions between natural enemies such as ants and cacao pests and disease.
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Judul: Function Of Some Ecosystem Components At Natural Forest And Cacao Agroindustry Sustem At The Margin Of Lore Lindu National Park, Central Sulawesi
Abstrak: Cacao agroforestry is a traditional form of agriculture practiced by the people of Central Sulawesi. These agroforestry systems vary from a simple system, following selective cutting of forest trees, to a more sophisticated planting design. The aims of this research were (1) to determine litterfall dynamics, leaf-litter decomposition, and fine root biomass, (2) to determine active fraction on soil macro-organic matter (SOM) in natural forest and cacao agroforestry systems, and (3) to assess nitrogen resorption and nitrogen use efficiency (N NUE) and implication for cacao establishment. The field studies were conducted in three types of cacao agroforestry systems at the northeastern margin of Lore Lindu National Park (LLNP). Field study sites covering in natural forest (NF) and in three cacao agroforestry systems that is cacao was planted under remaining forest cover (CF1), under planted trees (CF2), and between shade trees Gliricidia sepium (CP). The parameters are nitrogen soil content, fine root biomass, soil macro-organic matter by size and density fractionation, soil surface organic layer by quadrant, litterfall production by litter trap, and rate of decomposition by litter bag, nitrogen use efficiency in cacao plant and ecosystem scale, and nitrogen resorption.
Keyword: litterfall dynamics, leaf-litter decomposition, find-root biomass, nitrogen resorption, Central Sulawesi

Judul: Komposit Polisulfon Tersulfonasi-Montmorilonit Untuk Aplikasi Membrane Electrode Assembly Direct Methanol Fuel Cell.
Abstrak: Membran merupakan salah satu komponen penting dalam aplikasi direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC), yang berfungsi sebagai sarana penukar proton. Penelitian bertujuan membuat dan mencirikan komposit polisulfon tersulfonasi-montmorilonit (sPSf-mont) untuk aplikasi membrane electrode assembly (MEA) DMFC. Membran polisulfon tersulfonasi dibuat menggunakan oleum pada suhu 40 oC. Kesuksesan sulfonasi dicirikan dengan derajat sulfonasi sebesar 32.63%, ditambah pada spektrum spektrofotometer inframerah transformasi fourier menunjukkan serapan –SO3 di area 1110-1350 cm-1 dan 2000-1667 cm-1. Montmorilonit dikompositkan dengan 2 ragam konsentrasi, yaitu 2% dan 3%. Didapatkan sPSf-mont 3% sebagai membran dengan daya serap air dan titik leleh tertinggi 28.75% dan 553.51 oC. Pengukuran konduktivitas dan uji aplikasi DMFC menunjukkan MEA sPSf-mont 3% sebagai membran dengan konduktivitas dan beda potensial tertinggi, yaitu berturut-turut 11.1280 mS/cm dan 114.1 mV. Tambahan komposit dan modifikasi MEA telah meningkatkan konduktivitas proton membran dengan komposisi terbaik adalah MEA sPSf-mont 3%.
Keyword: MEA, montmorilonit, polisulfon tersulfonasi, sel bahan bakar