Judul: Diversity of Bird Species in Several Types of Land Use in Boyolali
Abstrak: Peningkatan permintaan manusia akan makanan, bahan mentah, dan permukiman telah menyebabkan berkurangnya vegetasi alami sebagai habitat burung. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi pengaruh perbedaan tipe penggunaan lahan terhadap keanekaragaman jenis dan feeding guilds spesies burung di Kabupaten Boyolali. Pengambilan data burung menggunakan metode titik hitung (point count) dan metode daftar jenis MacKinnon. Total jenis yang ditemukan dari kelima tipe penggunaan lahan sebanyak 46 jenis dari 26 famili. Secara berurutan, tipe penggunaan lahan dengan jumlah jenis paling sedikit sampai paling banyak yaitu permukiman, sawah, kebun cengkeh, tegalan, dan hutan sekunder. Jumlah jenis paling banyak ditemukan di hutan sekunder yaitu 25 jenis. Hutan sekunder juga memiliki nilai indeks kekayaan (DMg = 4,17), keanekaragaman (H’ = 2,689), dan kemerataan jenis (J’ = 0,835) paling tinggi. Kelompok guild yang ditemukan di semua tipe penggunaan lahan adalah insektivora, frugivora, dan granivora sedangkan guild karnivora hanya bisa ditemukan di hutan sekunder dengan tutupan lahan yang rapat dan minim gangguan aktivitas manusia. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan mampu menjadi bahan pertimbangan dalam menenetukan kebijakan tata guna lahan dan konservasi burung di Kabupaten Boyolali., Increased human demand for food, raw materials, and used to reduce natural vegetation. This study aims to determine the effect of different types of land use on species diversity and feeding guilds of bird species in Boyolali Regency. Bird data were collected using the point count method and the MacKinnon species list method. The total species found from the five types of land use were 46 species from 26 families. Sequentially, the types of land use with the highest number of types are rice fields, clove gardens, dry fields, and secondary forests. The number of species most commonly found in secondary forest was 25 species. The secondary forest also has the highest richness index (DMg = 4.17), diversity (H' = 2.689), and evenness (J' = 0.835). The types of guilds found in all types of land use are insectivores, frugivores, and granivores, while the carnivorous guilds can only be found in secondary forests with dense land cover and minimal disturbance of human activities. The results of this study are expected to be material for consideration in determining land use and bird conservation policies in Boyolali Regency.
Keyword: diversity, guilds, land use

Judul: Keanekaragaman jenis Burung pada beberapa tipe Habitat di Hutan Penelitian Dramaga, Bogor, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Dramaga Research Forest, located in the outskirt of Bogor, provides a good habitat for birds. This research was aimed to study bird diversity, identifying habitat characteristics (around the forest path, along house edge, riparian habitat and the interior area) and recorded the activities of the local people around the forest. Point count, MacKinnon list, habitat profiling and interviews were conducted. Shannon-Wiener diversity indices and similarity level were calculated. The highest index of species diversity was in the interior area (2.34), followed by around the forest path (2.21), along house edge (1.97) and riparian habitat (1.86). The highest species richness, however, was in the riparian habitat (27 species), the forest path had 21 species, along house edge had 26 species, while the interior area was a home for 21 bird species. The highest similarity (0.81) was between forest path and interior area. On the activities of the local people, the most often was firewood harvesting. Other activities were hunting for cage birds, harvesting ferns, harvesting wild fruit and harvesting ant larvae. Activity that might disrupt the bird population was hunting.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Dramaga research forest, human activities, Bird diversity, Streptopelia chinensis, Orthotomus sepium

Judul: Membran Komposit Kitosan-Natrium Alginat untuk Aplikasi Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
Abstrak: Composite of chitosan and sodium alginate can be utilized as base material of proton exchange membrane (PEM). The composite membranes were produced by various concentrations of chitosan-sodium alginate, namely 3:3, 3:4, 3:5, 3:6, 4:3, 5:3, and 6:3 (% b/v). The composites were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and were tested for the performance as PEM from the proton conductivity obtained by using impedance spectrometer. The FTIR spectrum indicated the NH3C group at 1637.29 cm-1 and symmetrical COO group at 1253.68 cm-1 indicating interactions between chitosan and sodium alginate. SEM micrographs showed that the composite membrane was nonporous. Composite membrane with 3:5 chitosan-sodium alginate composition had the highest proton conductivity, namely 9.594 × 10-7 S/cm. Based on this research results, chitosan-sodium alginate composite membrane can be applied well in direct methanol fuel cell system.
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