Judul: Efektivitas Pemberian Kombinasi Herbal dengan Zink dalam Pakan terhadap Aktivitas dan Kapasitas Fagositosis Sel Polimorfonuklear pada Ayam Broiler yang Ditantang dengan Escherichia coli.
Abstrak: The aim of this research is to determine the phagocytosis activity and capacity of broiler that were given combination of herbal (turmeric and garlic) with zinc (Zn) that were challenged with Escherichia coli. One hundred sixty broilers divided into four treatment of groups which is R1 (basic feed + E. coli), R2 (basic feed + turmeric 1.5% + 180 ppm ZnO + E. coli), R3 (basic feed + garlic 2.5% + 180 ppm ZnO + E. coli) and R4 (basic feed + E. coli + antibiotic). The challenge of E. coli were done at the broiler has three weeks age. Blood sample was took at broiler has three weeks age (before challenged) and at broiler has five weeks age (after challenged). The result indicated that phagocytosis activity in the most highest, both before and after challenged there are in combination of turmeric-Zn, that is in the amount of 88.75% ± 11.30% (before challenged) and 97.75% ± 1.26% (after challenged). Phagocytosis capacity also indicated the result in the most highest in combination of turmeric Zn, that is in before challenged in the amount of 1746 ± 185 bacteria/50 cell and in after challenged in the amount of 2414 ± 264 bacteria/50 cell. this research conclude that activity and capacity of phagocytosis PMN cell in supplementation of combination turmeric with Zn higher than supplementation of combination garlic with Zn. Keywords: fagocitosis, E. coli, broiler, turmeric, garlic, zinc.
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Judul: Efek Pemberian Kombinasi Herbal dan Zink Terhadap Jumlah Eritrosit, Nilai Hematokrit, dan Kadar Hemoglobin Ayam Broiler yang Diinfeksi Escherichia coli
Abstrak: This study aims to find out the effect of combine turmeric (Curcuma domestica Val.) or garlic (Allium sativum Linn.) with Zn on erythrocyte, hematocrit and hemoglobin of broiler chickens infected by Escherichia coli. 200 DOC unsexed were devided into five treatments and four replications, with ten chicks in each replicates. The treatment were K0 (basal diet as a control / healthy chickens) without infected by E. coli, while 4 other treatments that K (-) (basal diet as a negative control), P1 (basal diet + turmeric powder + 1.5% ZnO 180 ppm), P2 (basal diet + 2.5% garlic powder + 180 ppm ZnO), and K (+) ( basal diet + treatment with antibiotics) infected by E. coli. E. coli is given at the age of 3 weeks at dose of 108 CFU/ml, 1 ml. Group K (+) were given antibiotics (Colimas®) one day after infected by E. coli for 3 days with dose of medication. Blood sampling performed at the age of 3 weeks (before infected) 1 and 2 weeks after infected. Blood test includes the number of erythrocytes, hematocrit values and level of hemoglobin. The results showed the number of erythrocytes, hematocrit values, and level of hemoglobin at treatment P1(basal diet + 1.5% turmeric powder + 180 ppm of ZnO + infected by Escherichia coli) tend to be better than other treatments. Erythrocytes profile on P1 is similar to the treatment given antibiotics (K+). The results of this study concluded that combinations turmeric and Zn in the feed can be used as an alternative of colibacillosis treatment.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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