Judul: A model to balance the added value based on the risk level in the palm oil supply chain
Abstrak: In palm oil supply chain the smallholder farmers sell their fresh fruit bunch (FFB) to Palm Oil Mills through traders. Palm Oil Mills convert the FFB into crude palm oil (CPO). CPO is sold to the refinery, who converts CPO into frying oil and sends the product to the distributors. The distributors subsequently sell them to the consumers. The risk levels between the actors may not be proportionately rewarded by the same levels of added value. The objectives of this study are to identify and evaluate the risks faced by the actors, to find or improve a formula to calculate the added value for all actors successively, to design a model to simulate the interactive behaviors of the palm oil supply chain actors, and to facilitate optimum distribution of the added value for each actor, while considering the successive investment and risk levels. Information obtained from the interviews with selected experts and industry players were processed using Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP). From the 12 risks identified the result converged into supply continuity and product quality risks. In this study the original Hayami method was modified to calculate the added value for all actors successively. The price of the output product from one actor became the input cost for the next actor, this went on until the end of the chain. The modified Hayami method can also measure the added value levels between all supply chain actors. Netlogo agent-based modeling tool was used for this purpose as it provided the best means to identify and study the supply chain actors (or agents) behaviors. To facilitate fair distribution of rewards for the supply chain actors a concept of added value utility based on investment and risk level was introduced. To optimize the added value distribution between the agents the concept of stakeholder dialogue was used. The selling prices were negotiated between the actors until each reached a satisfactory value, which was ruled by the levels of optimum added value utility. This research is important because the developed model may facilitate a better formula to calculate the fair distribution of added value among the actors, therefore ensure its sustainability and improve the total supply chain added value.
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Judul: Rancang Bangun Penilaian Risiko Mutu dalam Rantai Pasokan Minyak Sawit Kasar dengan Pendekatan Sistem Dinamis : Studi Kasus PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV (Persero) Unit Adolina
Abstrak: Indonesian palm oil industry has grown significantly in recent years and since 2006 has surpassed Malaysia to become the world’s largest Crude Palm Oil (CPO) producer. With the ever increasing of potential market and market demands for its palm oil products, Indonesia will need to ensure the highest level of palm oil products quality. The main objectives of this research are first, to identify the factors to measure the success of Palm Oil Mills (POM) Adolina’s management. Secondly to design a system dynamic model as a tool to determine the quality risk assessment pattern of POM Adolina. The results from simulation of this model will be referenced when formulating managerial policies. The dynamic model comprises three sub-models, namely production sub-model, transportation sub-model and inventory sub-model respectively. In conclusion, this research produced the formulation of the most important factors to measure management success, namely the level of CPO production and the level of free fatty acid (FFA), and also generated simulation of managerial policies. To obtain them three scenarios were considered, the basic, the dynamic behavior and the risk assessment scenarios. Probabilistic and uncertainty parameters were considered in the third scenario.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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