Judul: Karakteristik Kekeringan Hidrologi di Wilayah Kalimantan Bagian Timur
Abstrak: This study aimed to identify the hydrological drought using groundwater recharge component and analyze the relation between hydrological drought and ENSO phenomena. Water balance model with monthly rainfall and ETp input was used to assess the monthly recharge value from 1901 to 2009. In this study we used a monthly varying threshold method. The threshold varied depending on the climate regime and soil condition. Drought in groundwater was considered when the monthly recharge is below the drought threshold. We found that the longer drought duration, the volume deficit would significantly increase. Additionally, the longer drought duration, the number of drought events would significantly reduce. This study indicates that Samarinda region under peat soil and forest cover is more prone to drought as indicated by the highest drought frequency (56). In other hand, Banjarmasin region under mineral and forest cover is less vulnerable to drought. Furthermore, this study shows that peat soils are more pronounced to severe drought than mineral soils. Our findings also confirmed that strong El-Niňo would trigger severe hydrological droughts.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), ENSO, duration, threshold, volume deficit, recharge

Judul: Karakteristik Kekeringan Hidrologi pada Wilayah Kalimantan Bagian Barat
Abstrak: Hydrological drought is a drought type, which influences the availability of water bodies including groundwater. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of hydrological drought and their relationship with El Niño (ENSO) in the western part of Kalimantan. This study used a soil water balance model to estimate monthly groundwater recharge with an input of monthly air temperature and rainfall for 1901-2009. The model was run for two different two soil types (mineral and peat) under natural forest. Hydrological drought on groundwater recharge was identified using monthly varying threshold method. We found that drought duration was about two to five consecutive months either in peat or mineral soil. The southern part of the region was more prone to drought particularly for peat soil. Furthermore, our study confirmed that hydrological drought are more severe than meteorological drought as indicated by the largest duration of drought in recharge until eleven months, whereas meteorological drought only nine months. In strong El Niño years, drought occurences are more severe as indicated by high deficit volume
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), deficit volume., recharge, ENSO, duration, threshold

Judul: Infeksi cacing Ascarid pasa anjing dan kucing, serta hubungannya sebagai zoonosis
Abstrak: Ada tiga cacing Ascarid yang didapatkan pada anjing dan kucing, yaitu Toxocara canis pada anjing, Toxocara cati pada kucing dan Toxascaris leonina pada anjing dan kucing. Ketiganya mempunyai habitat di usus kecil (Soulsby, 1982). Manusia dapat bertindak sebagai induk semang paratenik dari kelompok ini, melalui anjing dan kucing yang menderita sebagai sumber infeksi, terutama anak- anak anjing dan anak-anak kucing (Brown, 1975). Dari kelompok Ascarid ini penyebab utama penyakit pada manusia adalah Toxocara canis (Soulsby, 1982). Penyakit pada manusia yang disebabkan oleh kelompok ini dikenal sebagai penyakit 'Visceral Larva Migrans' (Brown, 1975), Toxocariasis (Beaver, 1966). Penularan pada anjing dan kucing, dapat melalui telur infektif (langsung), induk semang paratenik seperti tikus, kecos, cacing Lanah dan lain-lain (tidak langsung), intrauterin, trans-mammary dan secara fecaloral. Pada manusia, penularan terjadi melalui telur infektif yang tertelan. Gejala klinis yang tampak pada anjing dan kucing yang terinfeksi oleh kelompok ini, adalah anjing kurus, pertumbuhan terhambat, gelisah, batuk, respirasi meningkat, keluar cairan dari hidung, muntah yang kadang kadang bercampur dengan cacing, icterus, diare, sakit pada abdomen, perut buncit dan kadang-kadang timbul gejala konvulsi (Kelly, 1977). Pada manusia tanda klinis yang umum terlihat, yaitu batuk, dispnoe disertai demam dan gejala umum lainnya. Kadang-kadang endopthalmitis, retinitis perifer, papilitis, dan konvulsi. Pemeriksaan darah terlihat eosinofilia, leukositosis, hiperglobulinemia dan pemerik saan yang lain memperlihatkan hepatomegali…dst
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