Judul: Kualitas dan Efektivitas Vermikompos dari Feses Sapi Perah sebagai Pupuk Organik Padat
Abstrak: Vermikompos merupakan pupuk organik yang proses pengomposannya dibantu oleh cacing tanah. Vermikompos mampu memperbaiki struktur tanah, menyediakan air dan nutrisi, mengandung hormon pertumbuhan (auksin, giberelin, dan sitokinin) dan asam humat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis kualitas dan efektivitas vermikompos dari feses sapi perah sebagai pupuk organik padat pada pertumbuhan kangkung. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial (2 × 3) dengan 5 kali ulangan. Faktor pertama yaitu spesies cacing tanah (L. rubellus dan E. eugeniae) dan faktor kedua yaitu taraf vermikompos (0%, 10%, 20%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas produk vermikompos sudah memenuhi standar. Penggunaan vermikompos dapat meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang daun, lebar daun, diameter batang, warna daun, berat segar, dan berat kering dari I. reptans. Taraf vermikompos 10% merupakan taraf yang efektif untuk pertumbuhan I. reptans.
Keyword: E. eugeniae, I. reptans, L. rubellus, vermikompos

Judul: Kualitas dan Produksi Vermikompos Menggunakan Cacing African Night Crawler (Eudrilus eugeniae).
Abstrak: Penambahan pupuk organik seperti vermikompos dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah kekurangan bahan organik tanah. Salah satu spesies cacing tanah yang biasa digunakan dalam vermicomposting adalah Eudrilus eugeniae. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi antara kotoran sapi dan jerami padi terhadap kualitas vermikompos dari kandungan C-organik, N, P, K total dan aktivitas enzim urease serta produksi vermikompos yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan berupa P1: pakan 400 g kotoran sapi, P2: pakan 400 g jerami padi, P3: pakan 280 g kotoran sapi dan 120 g jerami padi, dan P4: pakan 140 g kotoran sapi dan 60 g jerami padi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan secara nyata mempengaruhi semua parameter pada vermikompos yang dihasilkan. Hasil analisis kualitas vermikompos menunjukkan P4 merupakan perlakuan terbaik. Hasil produksi ditentukan berdasarkan nilai nisbah output/input (O/I). Kualitas dan produksi vermikompos pada P4 merupakan perlakuan yang memiliki hasil terbaik. Hal ini dikarenakan pencampuran kombinasi kotoran sapi dan jerami padi memberikan hasil makro nutrisi yang relatif lengkap serta dosis pemberian pakan yang lebih tinggi akan memberikan hasil produksi vermikompos yang lebih tinggi.
Keyword: bahan organik, enzim urease, jerami padi, kotoran sapi

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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