Judul: Pendugaan Parameter Genetik Karakter Morfologi Malai Sorgum dan Seleksi pada Generasi F2 Persilangan P1-150-20-A x Pulut 3
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh informasi karakter malai sorgum pada nilai heritabilitas luas, koefisien keragaman genetik, dan mengidentifikasi aksi gen serta mengidentifikasi genotipe dalam populasi F2 yang memiliki potensi tinggi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakanpada bulan Februari 2022 sampai April 2022 di Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo IPB. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak dengan satu faktor genotipe dan tiga ulangan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa populasi F2 memiliki koefisien keragaman genetik yang tinggi dan nilai heritabilitas arti luas kategori sedang pada karakter morfologi malai yaitu panjang leher malai, bobot malai kering, dan bobot biji per malai. Karakter morfologi malai sorgum dipengaruhi oleh jumlah gen aditif dominan kecuali panjang leher malai, panjang cabang sekunder, dan bobot biji per malai. Nilai korelasi pada seluruh karakter berkorelasi positif nyata kecuali pada karakter panjang leher malai yang berkorelasi negatif nyata. Hasil seleksi menunjukkan peningkatan nilai rata-rata populasi terseleksi kecuali panjang leher malai., This research is aimed at obtaining information regarding the characteristics of panicle sorghum, which possesses a wide heritability value, and a genetic diversity coefficient, and identify gene action as well as to determine the genotypes in F2 population with high yield potential. This research was conducted in Leuwikopo Experimental Garden, IPB, between February and April 2022. The method employed by this research was a completely randomized block design with one genotypic factor and three replications. The research demonstrates that the F2 population included a high genetic diversity coefficient and broad meaning heritability in the medium category for panicle morphological characteristics such as panicle neck length, desiccated panicle weight, and seed weight per panicle. The morphological characters of sorghum panicles were influenced by the number of dominant additive genes except panicle neck length, secondary branch length, and seed weight per panicle. The correlation values of the on all characters are real positive correlations on the entire character except for the character length neck that is real negative correlated. The selection findings revealed an improvement in the chosen population's average value except for the character length neck.
Keyword: correlation, diversity, genotype, heritability, and power of outcome

Judul: Analysis of Agronomic Character Segregation (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) in Two Cross Populations
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keragaman sifat-sifat agronomi dan pola segregasi pada populasi F2 sorgum hasil persilangan Pulut 5 x Soraya 3. Sebanyak 210 tanaman F2 dan 11 genotipe pembanding dievaluasi. Analisis data meliputi pendugaan komponen ragam, heritabilitas, koefisien keragaman genetik, dan analisis segregasi sebaran fenotipe F2. Nilai kurtosis dan skewness dari fenotipe yang bersegregasi menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar karakter agronomi dikendalikan oleh aksi gen non-aditif dan sedikit gen, kecuali untuk karakter jumlah daun, bobot malai, bobot biji, dan panjang malai yang dikendalikan oleh banyak gen dengan aksi gen aditif. Terdapat nilai heritabilitas dan koefisien keragaman genetik yang tinggi pada karakter bobot malai, bobot biji, bobot 100 biji, diameter malai, panjang malai, dan komponen malai lainnya. Seleksi indeks terboboti berhasil mengidentifikasi 42 genotipe F2 dengan kombinasi tinggi dari bobot malai, bobot biji, dan bobot 100 biji. Terdapat peningkatan signifikan pada sifat-sifat ini setelah seleksi, yang menguji keefektifan metode ini dalam mengembangkan varietas sorgum unggul baru dengan produktivitas dan kualitas biji yang lebih baik. Genotipe-genotipe F2 memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi varietas unggul baru. Penelitian mengenai keragaman genetik dan potensi seleksi pada populasi F2 sorgum hasil persilangan Pahat x Soraya 3 menunjukkan keragaman yang luas pada berbagai karakter agronomi, dengan beberapa karakter seperti tinggi tanaman dan bobot biji malai menunjukkan segregasi transgresif , serta keragaman aksi gen dari aditif hingga epistasis komplementer yang terungkap melalui analisis, disertai dengan heritabilitas arti luas yang beragam dari rendah hingga tinggi dan koefisien keragaman genetik yang signifikan, terutama pada karakter bobot kering malai yang memiliki heritabilitas tertinggi (96,11%) dan koefisien keragaman genetik terluas (87,08%), sementara metode seleksi indeks terboboti terbukti efektif dalam mengidentifikasi genotipe unggul dengan peningkatan yang nyata pada beberapa karakter penting seperti panjang daun (27,3%), lebar daun (27,9%), dan bobot 100 biji (14,8%), dengan galur-galur terseleksi menunjukkan keragaman yang luas pada jumlah daun (10-16 helai) dan bobot biji malai (40,30-115,70 g), sehingga memberikan landasan kuat untuk pengembangan varietas sorgum unggul yang adaptif dengan kondisi lokal di Indonesia., This research aims to analyze the variability of agronomic traits and segregation patterns in the F2 sorghum population resulting from the Pulut 5 x Soraya 3 cross. A total of 210 F2 plants and 11 comparison genotypes were evaluated. Data analysis includes estimating variance components, heritability, coefficient of genetic variability , and segregation analysis F2 phenotype distribution. The kurtosis and skewness values of the segregating phenotypes showed that most of the agronomic characters were controlled by the action of non-additive genes and a few genes, except for the characters of number of leaves, panicle weight, seed weight and panicle length which were controlled by many genes with additive gene action. There were high heritability values and coefficient of genetic variability in the characters of panicle weight, seed weight, 100 seed weight, panicle diameter, panicle length, and other panicle components. Weighted index selection succeeded in identifying 42 F2 genotypes with a high combination of panicle weight, seed weight and 100 seed weight. There was a significant increase in these traits after selection, confirming the effectiveness of this method in developing new superior sorghum varieties with better productivity and grain
Keyword: indeks seleksi, keragaman genetik, kualitas biji, produktivitas sorgum

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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