Judul: Uji Toleransi Beberapa Galur Musa Spp. Terhadap Filtrat Kasar Fusarium Oxysporum F. Sp. Cubense Secara In Vitro
Abstrak: Indonesia merupalean salah satu negara dengan keragaman jenis pisang liar yang cukup tinggi. Namun hir.gga saat ini pisang liar di Indonesia tidak banyak dikenali atau dimanfaatkan secara ekonomis seperti di negara-negara lain. Padahal berbagai jenis pisang liar memiliki nilai ekonomi yang cukup tinggi di pasar dunia jika diolah lebih lanjut. Pada penelitian ini dipelajari ketahanan 10 galur pisang (Musa spp.) terhadap filtrat kasar Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cllbense (Foc), cendawan penyebab penyakit layu pembuluh, dalam media tumbuh in vitro pada konsentrasi 25 dan 30%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan filtrat Foc 25 dan 30% tidak selalu menurunkan jumlah tunas bila dibandingkan dengan kultur tanpa filtrat Foc. Namun demikian, filtrat Foc dapat menyebabkan warna tunas tidale hijau lagi dan filtrat Foc 30% dapat menyebabkan pertumbuhan akar terhambat. Galur ITC 0249 merupakan galur yang dinilai paling toleran terhadap filtrat Foc baik pada konsentrasi 25% maupun 30%, karen. galur ITC 0249 menunjukkan pertumbuhan dan penampilan tunas dan a1ear yang paling baik dibandingkan galur-galur lainnya.
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Judul: Pembiakan mikro berbagai genofip pisang (Musa spp) dan potensi bakteri endofitik terhadap layu fusarium (Fusaruim oxysporum f.sp.cubense)
Abstrak: Penelitian bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh beberapa taraf konsentrasi BAP dan IAA terhadap beberapa kultivar pisang berbeda genom serta pengaruh interaksinya terhadap multiplikasi, kualitas tunas dan kemampuan planet berakar. Disamping itu dipelajari potensi antagonis bakteri endofitik (BET) yang diintroduksikan pada planet pisang terhadap induksi ketahanan layu Fusarium. Percobaan pertama menggunakan rancangan acak lengap (RAL) dengan 20 ulangan setiap perlakuan. Terdiri dari 3 faktor, BAP (2-5-8 mg/l), IAA (0-1.5-3 mg/l) dan 5 kultivar pisang berbeda genom (pisang mas/AA, pisang ambon kuning/AAA, pisang tanduk/AAB, pisang raja bulu/AAB dan pisang kepok kuning/ABB). Satu unit percobaan berupa satu eksplan per botol. Percobaan ke dua menggunakan rancangan petak terbagi (RPT), diulang tiga kali. Sebagai petak utama tiga kultivar pisang (pisang mas, pisang ambon kuning dan pisang kepok kuning) dan sebagai anak petak empat perlakuan BET (BET-004, BET-007, BET-013 dan Kontrol). Setiap perlakuan 10 contoh.
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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