Judul: Pengaruh Pemberian Suplemen Vitamin B12 Terhadap Vitamin 12 Serum, Hemoglobin, Dan Daya Ingat Anak Prasekolah
Abstrak: Masalah gizi mikro maupun gizi makro pada anak prasekolah masih banyak ditemukan di Indonesia. Kekurangan gizi pada usia ini akan mempengaruhi proses pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak. Beberapa penelitian di luar negeri menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan yang erat antara kekurangan vitamin B12 dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif. Keterkaitan antara vitamin B12 dengan kemampuan kognitif diduga melalui perannya dalam pembentukan hemoglobin dan pemeliharaan myelin syaraf. Telah dilaporkan bahwa rendahnya status gizi mikro khususnya di Indonesia sangat erat kaitannya dengan rendahnya konsumsi pangan hewani yang umumnyanya ditemukan pada keluarga ekonomi lemah. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan kajian tentang masalah defisiensi vitamin B12 dan bersifat eksperimental dalam upaya penanggulangan masalah gizi dan perbaikan perkembangan anak.
Keyword: Vitamin B12 Deficiency, vitamin B12 suplementation, anemia children, relative risk

Judul: Pengaruh Pemberian Suplemen Selenium dan Iodium terhadap Profil Darah, Status Gizi dan Skor IQ Anak dengan Tanda Khas Kretin
Abstrak: Gangguan akibat kurang iodium (GAKI) masih merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat terutama pada anak sekolah dasar yang tinggal di daerah endemik GAKI. Kondisi ini diperparah dengan adanya masalah kurang energi protein baik yang diukur menggunakan indikator berat badan maupun tinggi badan anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur parameter biokimia, status gizi, skor IQ dan jumlah tanda khas kretin pada anak yang tinggal di daerah endemik GAKI. Desain penelitian menggunakan Experimental Kuasi dengan sampel anak umur 9-12 tahun yang masih aktif dan tercatat di sekolah dasar (SD) daerah endemik GAKI, Boyolali Jawa Tengah. Jumlah sampel 115 anak penderita GAKI dengan 6-11 tanda khas kretin. Sampel dipilih secara purposive tetapi SD dialokasikan secara random ke dalam empat kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok perlakuan meliputi suplemen selenium 45 μg/hari (n=34), suplemen iodium 50 μg/hari (n=35), suplemen selenium+iodium (n=18) dan plasebo (n=28). Suplemen diberikan setiap hari selama dua bulan. Indikator profil darah yang diperiksa meliputi kadar Hb, Ht, jumlah eritrosit, leukosit, kadar MCV, MCH dan MCHC. Status gizi dengan indikator Z-skor BB/U dan TB/U. Skor IQ diukur dengan Set Test Raven (1995).
Keyword: Iodine Deficiency Disorder, Protein Energy Malnutrition, Mean Corpuscular Volume, chool Children with Cretinism Attributes

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite