Judul: Isolasi dan Identifikasi Bakteri Selulolitik dari Saliva Hewan Arctictis binturong.
Abstrak: Bakteri terdapat hampir di seluruh tempat di bumi, termasuk di tubuh hewan. Hewan yang saat ini mulai mendapat perhatian adalah Arctictis binturong karena perannya dalam menghasilkan kopi fermentasi khas Kabupaten Luwu, Sulawesi Selatan. Isolat bakteri pada saliva A. binturong diketahui memproduksi enzim ekstraselular selulase, namun spesies bakteri yang memproduksinya belum diketahui sehingga perlu dilakukan isolasi dan identifikasi bakteri selulolitik dari saliva A. binturong. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi bakteri saliva A. binturong secara molekuler. Identifikasi bakteri dilakukan melalui tahapan isolasi bakteri, seleksi isolat bakteri selulolitik, isolasi DNA, amplifikasi fragmen gen 16S rRNA, dan identifikasi genotip. Sebanyak 8 isolat berhasil diisolasi. Seleksi kemampuan selulolitik menyatakan semua isolat memiliki kemampuan selulolitik dengan indeks selulolitik tertinggi pada isolat SB02 dan SB05 masing-masing sebesar 3.26 dan 3.30. Hasil identifikasi 16S rRNA bakteri selulolitik menyatakan bahwa isolat SB02 memiliki kemiripan sebesar 77% dengan Bacillus cereus L77 dan isolat SB05 memiliki kemiripan sebesar 72% dengan Bacillus subtilis GL2 dan kedua isolat merupakan spesies baru.
Keyword: Arctictis binturong, bakteri selulolitik, identifikasi 16S rRNA

Judul: Identification and Total of Lactic Acid  Fermentative Bacteria in Sumatran Orangutan (Pongo abelii)
Abstrak: Bakteri asam laktat (BAL) merupakan bakteri yang digolongkan ke dalam bakteri yang bermanfaat bagi kesehatan inang, terutama menjaga keseimbangan flora di dalam pencernaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan isolasi dan identifikasi jenis bakteri asam laktat serta mengetahui jumlah koloninya pada feses orang utan sumatra. Sampel dilakukan pengenceran 10-1 hingga ke 10-8, kemudian diisolasikan ke dalam media selektif MRS agar menggunakan metode pour plate. Setelah diinkubasi, koloni yang tumbuh pada media diamati dan dihitung total koloni bakteri asam laktat. Koloni yang terpilih dilanjutkan untuk diisolasi dan diidentifikasi menggunakan uji sederhana, yaitu uji biokimia dengan uji katalase, uji oksidase, uji Sulfide Indole Motility, uji Methyl Red-Voges Proskauer, dan uji fermentasi gula-gula. Bakteri asam laktat yang dapat diidentifikasi dari sampel feses orang utan sumatra adalah Leuconostoc sp., Weissella sp., Lactobacillus sp. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan total bakteri asam laktat pada sampel sebesar 8,98 x 106 CFU/ml., Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is a type of bacteria which belong to have beneficial health for the host, especially to maintain microflora stability of the digestion. This research aimed to isolate and identify the lactic acid bacteria in the fecal of sumatran orangutan. Samples were dilution 10-1 to 10-8, then isolated in selected media MRSA using the pour plate method. After the incubation, separated colonies which grown in media were observed and were counted as a total colony of lactic acid bacteria. The selected colony continued to isolate and identify using simple tests, such as biochemical test with catalase test, oxidase test, Sulfide Indole Motility (SIM) tests, Proskauer's Methyl Red-Voges test, and carbohydrate fermentation test. Lactic acid bacteria that can be identified from fecal samples of sumatran orangutan are Leuconostoc sp., Weissella sp., dan Lactobacillus sp. The results showed that the total lactic acid bacteria in the sample was 8,98 x 106 CFU/ml.
Keyword: lactic acid bacteria, fecal sumatran orangutan, total plate count

Judul: Pemodelan Nilai Opsi Tipe Eropa
Abstrak: Option is the right to sell or buy a specified quantity of some underlying asset by paying a specified exercise price, on or before an expiration date. There are two basic types of options, calls and puts. A call option is the right to buy and a put option is the right to sell the underlying asset. There are two types of options according to its execution time, i.e. American and European options. American options can be exercised at any time the holder wishes until the expiration date, while European options can only be exercised on the expiration date. Modelling of option price usually is done analytically by determining solution of differential equation that is satisfied by the price of derivative asset, known as Black-Scholes equation. Because option price is a reflection of present value of expectation of difference between the exercise price and the stock price at expiration date, so it is necessary to study the option price through the concept of present value, as an alternative way to model the option price. The result of this study shows that modelling of option price using differential equation method and present value approach give the same option price. Furthermore the results of ilustration give informations about the relation of the option price with its parameters as follow: First, increase in the current stock price causes the call option price also to increase, while the put option price, on the contrary, will decrease. Second, increase in the exercise price causes the call option price to decrease, while the put option price will increase. Third, the longer the expiration time the call option price will be higher, while the put option price doesn’t have the same tendency, but it depends on other parameters. Fourth, increase in the interest rate causes the call option price to increase, while the put option price will decrease. Finally, increase in the volatility causes the price of both call option and put option will increase.
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