Judul: Determining Minimum and Optimum Viable Population Size of Rusa Deer (Rusa timorensis) Based on Demographic Parameters : Study Case at Pananjung Pangandaran Natural Park / Nature Reserve and Alas Purwo National Park
Abstrak: One of the main goals of conservation is to maintain and increase the population size. In order to conserve wildlife population, Minimum Viable Population (MVP) and Optimum Viable Population (OVP) for high utilized wild animal are needs to know. Rusa deer which protected by the conservation law have a great economic value. The aims of this study are to determine MVP and OVP of rusa deer to make do rusa deer benefit without intrude its population stability. Algebra linear equation system from matrix Leslie was used to determine MVP and density dependence Leslie matrix was used to determine the OVP. MVP size for rusa deer population in Pananjung Pangandaran Natural Park / Nature Reserve is 97 individuals and for Alas Purwo National Park is 10.367 individuals. OVP size for rusa deer population in Pananjung Pangandaran Natural Park / Nature Reserve is 751 individuals, and for Alas Purwo National Park is 21.682 individuals.
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Judul: Management and Level of Welfare and Economic Valuation of Timor Deer (Rusa timorensis) in Ragunan Wildlife Park Jakarta
Abstrak: Rusa timor (Rusa timorensis) merupakan salah satu satwa liar yang memiliki nilai ekonomi cukup tinggi, sehingga terus berkembang usaha konservasi eksitu dan penangkarannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengelolaan dan tingkat kesejahteraan, pengelolaan reproduksi dan tingkat keberhasilannya, dan menghitung besarnya nilai ekonomi berdasarkan biaya pemeliharaan dan kesediaan membayar pengunjung (willingnes to pay) guna mendukung upaya konservasi rusa timor di Taman Margasatwa Ragunan Jakarta. Metode yang digunakan berupa observasi lapang, wawancara, dan studi literatur. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan kesejahteraan rusa timor sudah baik dengan capaian tingkat kesejahteraan satwa termasuk kategori sangat baik dengan nilai terbobot 80,15. Pengelolaan reproduksi belum dilakukan secara optimal dengan tingkat keberhasilan reproduksi rusa timor tergolong sedang sebesar 36,1%. Nilai ekonomi rusa timor berdasarkan biaya pemeliharaan sebesar Rp1.664.259,5/ekor/bulan dan rata-rata nilai WTP sebesar Rp127.150,00/individu dengan perkiraan nilai ekonomi total sebesar Rp12.715.000,00., The timor deer (Rusa timorensis) is one of the wild animals that has quite a high economic value, so that its ex-situ conservation and captive breeding efforts continue to develop. This research aimed to analyze management and welfare levels, reproductive management and success rates, and calculate the amount of economic value based on maintenance costs and willingness to pay for visitors to support timor deer conservation efforts in the Ragunan Wildlife Park Jakarta. The methods used were field observations, interviews, and literature studies. The collected data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively and quantitatively. The results of the research showed that the welfare management of timor deer was good with the level of animal welfare achieved a very good category with a weighted value of 80,15. Reproductive management had not been carried out optimally with the reproductive success rate of timor deer being classified as moderate at 36,1%. The economic value of timor deer was based on maintenance costs of IDR 1.664.259,5/head/month and an average WTP value of IDR 127.150,00/individual with an estimated total economic value of IDR 12.715.000,00.
Keyword: Kesejahteraan satwa, nilai ekonomi, pengelolaan, rusa timor, taman margasatwa ragunan, animal welfare, economic value, management, ragunan wildlife park jakarta

Judul: Sintesis Flavon dari Fenol dan Benzoil Klorida
Abstrak: Flavone is a class of flavonoid, commonly found in plants with wide bioactivity spectrum. A widely used flavone synthesis route is through acidcatalyzed oxidative cyclization of β-diketone. In this study, unsubstituted flavone had been synthesized via 5-step from phenol, with 22% yield and successfully increased the yield of previous study on Fries rearrangement of phenyl acetate and benzoylation of o-HAP steps. Phenol was acetylated resulting 93% phenyl acetate. AlCl3-catalyzed Fries rearrangement in 1.5 hour and at 120 °C converted phenyl acetate into o-hydroxyacetophenone (o-HAP) with 40% yield. AlCl3 as catalyst produced o-HAP with higher and reproducible yield compared with BF3·Et2O and ZnCl2. Benzoylation of o-HAP followed by Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement of the ester product using KOH in dried pyridine produced β-diketone 1-(2- hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropane-1,3-dione. The yield of ester and β-diketone were 71% and 85%, respectively. Finally, oxidative cyclization of β-diketone with sulphuric acid as catalyst produced 99% of flavone. The flavone product had been characterized spectroscopically and its melting point as well.
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