Judul: Work Posture Improvement Using Biomechanical Analysis on  Teak Wood Bucking Activities
Abstrak: The activity of dividing the trunk using a chainsaw is one of the wood harvesting activities that needs to be considered ergonomically. Heavy loads and extreme environments on field workers can cause extreme postures in skeletal muscles. The extreme work postures were selected from the results of the Range of Motion (ROM) analysis which were then analyzed using a biomechanical method with 3DSSPP 7.1.0 Software. The results of the biomechanical analysis include compressive forces on L5/S1, shear forces on disk and L5/S1, strength percent capable, and standing balance. The most extreme working posture is the squat posture on the work element turning the chainsaw on at 3346±231 N and the trunk division element at 3483±242 N, then it is necessary to calculate the Recommended Weight Limit (RWL) and Lifting Index (LI), and choose 1 posture that has a compressive force value of L5/S1 from all work elements, namely in the squatting posture of the working element of the division of the trunk. The RWL value was 11.52 kg, so the LI value was 1.52 which was classified as a moderate risk of injury, The activity of dividing the trunk using a chainsaw is one of the wood harvesting activities that needs to be considered ergonomically. Heavy loads and extreme environments on field workers can cause extreme postures in skeletal muscles. The extreme work postures were selected from the results of the Range of Motion (ROM) analysis which were then analyzed using a biomechanical method with 3DSSPP 7.1.0 Software. The results of the biomechanical analysis include compressive forces on L5/S1, shear forces on disk and L5/S1, strength percent capable, and standing balance. The most extreme working posture is the squat posture on the work element turning the chainsaw on at 3346±231 N and the trunk division element at 3483±242 N, then it is necessary to calculate the Recommended Weight Limit (RWL) and Lifting Index (LI), and choose 1 posture that has a compressive force value of L5/S1 from all work elements, namely in the squatting posture of the working element of the division of the trunk. The RWL value was 11.52 kg, so the LI value was 1.52 which was classified as a moderate risk of injury.
Keyword: biomechanics, bucking, ergonomics, L5/S1, Range of Motion (ROM)

Judul: Analysis of Work Posture Improvement with Biomechanical Methods in Teak Logging Activities
Abstrak: Kegiatan penebangan termasuk dalam kegiatan pemanenan hutan dengan risiko kerja tinggi yang disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, diantaranya kondisi areal hutan yang tidak dapat dijangkau, kurangnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan operator, tidak seimbangnya peralatan yang digunakan dengan kemampuan operator dan mengangkat beban yang berlebihan sehingga menimbulkan rasa sakit pada tubuh operator. Kegiatan penebangan pohon jati (Tectona grandis Linn.) menggunakan chainsaw melibatkan bagian tubuh bahu, punggung dan lutut yang paling sering mengalami cedera berupa keluhan nyeri pada L5/S1 akibat menerima beban terlalu tinggi. Postur tubuh ekstrem dipilih melalui analisis Range of Motion (ROM), kemudian dilanjutkan analisis biomekanik. Postur ekstrem yang terpilih disimulasikan menggunakan software 3DSSPP 7.1.0. Analisis yang dihasilkan dari software 3DSSPP meliputi besarnya compression force dan shear force pada L5/S1, strength percent capable dan standing balance. Postur yang menghasilkan compression force >3400 N dan shear force >500 N, perlu dilakukan perhitungan Recommended Weight Limit (RWL) dan Lifting Index (LI) untuk merekomendasikan batas beban yang dapat diangkat oleh operator tanpa terjadi peningkatan risiko nyeri pada L5/S1., Logging activities are included in forest harvesting activities with high work risk caused by several factors, including the condition of the forest area that can’t be reached, lack of operator knowledge and skills, imbalance of equipment used with the operator’s ability and lifting excessive weight that cause pain in the operator body. Teak tree felling (Tectona grandis Linn.) using a chainsaw involves the shoulders, back and knees which are the most frequently injured in the form of complaints of pain in L5/S1 due to receiving too high a load. Extreme body postures were selected through Range of Motion (ROM) analysis, then followed by biomechanical analysis. The selected extreme posture is simulated using 3DSSPP 7.1.0 software. The analysis generated from 3DSSPP software includes the magnitude of compression force and shear force at L5/S1, strength percent capable and standing balance. Postures that produce compression force >3400 N and shear force >500 N, need to be calculated Recommended Weight Limit (RWL) and Lifting Index (LI) to recommend the load limit that can be lifted by the operator without increasing the risk of pain in L5/S1.
Keyword: biomechanics, felling, L5/S1, Range of Motion (ROM)

Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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