Judul: Pengolahan Limbah Cair Laboratorium Bekas Pengujian Kebutuhan Oksigen Kimiawi (KOK) dengan Metode Presipitasi
Abstrak: Determination of chemical oxygen demand (COD) parameter in water samples produce laboratory waste which are still harmful to be dumped to the environment. It is because COD testing still use several reagents containing heavy metals such as Ag, Cr, and Hg. This research was focused on Hg removal, because of its higher toxicity compared with the two others. The initial COD waste contained 5241.4 mg/L of Hg, whereas the quality standard of Hg according to PP No. 82/2001 is 0.002 mg/L. Precipitation method was studied in this research to treat this COD waste, especially to reduce the Hg content. The precipitation was carried out with hydroxide and carbonate. From several methods tested, 5 of which decreased significant amount of Hg, which were hydroxide precipitation with acid addition (HA), multilevel hydroxide precipitation (HB), carbonate precipitation with addition of hydroxide and acid (KHA), multilevel hydroxide precipitation with acid addition (HBA), and multilevel hydroxide precipitation with addition of salt and acid (HBGA). Those five methods could decrease the Hg content up to 99.96%, into 2.1939, 2.7513, 2.0185, 2.5858, and 2.1683 mg/L, respectively. However these results had not yet fulfilled the quality standard
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Judul: Reduksi Logam Berat Hg, Ag, Dan Cr Limbah Laboratorium Menggunakan Metode Presipitasi Dan Adsorpsi
Abstrak: Laboratory operational activities produce solid, liquid, and gasions wastes. Increased laboratory activities such as research and other laboratory ser vices result in increasing of the wastes quantity. Some types of wastes contain heavy metals such as Hg, Ag, and Cr. This heavy metals are toxic and pollute the environment. Appropriate treatment can reduce the heavy metals concentration in liquid waste. The objectives of this research were to determine the optimum condition of precipitation and adsorption, to determine the removal efficiency and the quality of the treated liquid. The studied liquid wastes is cha racterized by very highly acidi zand highly content of heavy metals. The characteristics are pH values of 1.3 – 1.4, COD of 320 – 360 mg/L, Hg of 77.6 – 391.6 mg/L, Ag of 2.6 – 9.14 mg/L, and Cr of 11.36 – 21.9 mg/L. Additition of NaOH 50% resulted in reduction of 97% for Hg at pH 11.63, 98.95% for Ag at pH 11.63 and 96.85% for Cr at pH 9 .77. Based on the results, Hg did not meet the requairement, the others me tal Ag and Cr concentrations met the requirement. Adsorption using activated carbon in the forms of granule and powder reduced COD and heavy metals (Hg, Ag, Cr) significanly. The qu ality of treated liquid waste was high and met the requirement according to Kepmen N0. 51/1995.
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Judul: Karakteristik Suara Song Burung Kenari (Serinus canaria) Postur Besar dan Kecil.
Abstrak: Burung kenari (Serinus canaria) memiliki nyanyian yang sangat bervariasi dengan durasi yang panjang dan merupakan tipe burung bernyanyi open learners. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakteristik suara song burung kenari (Serinus canaria). Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April sampai Juni 2017 di Bogor, Jawa Barat. Perekaman suara song terhadap 12 ekor burung kenari jantan dilakukan dengan menggunakan mikrofon Sennheiser ME66 dan alat perekam Sony PCM-D50. Burung kenari yang digunakan merupakan burung yang pernah mengikuti kontes burung kicau dan memiliki predikat juara kontes burung. Amplitudo, durasi suara, frekuensi, dan volume suara burung dianalisis dengan menggunakan software Raven Pro 1.4. Data tersebut selanjutnya dianalisis deskriptif. Hasil analisis suara menunjukkan bahwa burung kenari memiliki banyak syllable, suara song rapat dan tidak terputus-putus, tempo yang cepat, dan adanya pengulangan suku kata pada setiap suara song. Burung kenari postur kecil memiliki rataan durasi lebih panjang dibandingkan dengan kenari postur besar, tetapi burung kenari besar memiliki rataan max amplitudo, average power, max power, min amplitudo, peak amplitudo, dan peak frekuensi.
Keyword: karakteristik suara (song), kenari, syllable