Judul: Estimasi dan Validasi Kandungan Energi Pakan Ternak Ruminansia dari Komposisi Kimia Pakan.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengestimasi dan memvalidasi akurasi estimasi nilai energi pada pakan berdasarkan komposisi kimia pakan. Analisis data yang dilakukan ialah korelasi Pearson, persamaan regresi linear berganda, koefisien determinasi (R2), nilai probabilitas (P) melalui uji ragam maupun t-test, nilai root mean square error (RMSE) dan nilai presentase perbedaan nilai kandungan energi. Persamaan regresi yang dapat digunakan sebagai estimasi kandungan energi pakan ternak ruminansia ialah GE = -309.746 + 61.125 PK + 50.396 SK + 98.502 LK + 44.547 BETN (Konsentrat), GE = -480.955 + 60.65 PK + 56.693 SK + 98.331 LK + 46.28 BETN (Hijauan), DE = -3004.634 + 87.65 PK + 28.112 SK + 117.893 LK + 28.112 BETN (Konsentrat), DE = -887.547 + 71.855 PK + 14.841 SK + 53.15 LK + 44.473 BETN (Hijauan), ME = -2439.882 + 65.673 PK + 20.472 SK + 97.881 LK + 57.074 BETN (Konsentrat) dan ME = -613.443 + 53.452 PK + 11.382 SK + 41.67 LK + 35.007 BETN (Hijauan).
Keyword: energi, estimasi, proksimat, validasi, Van Soest

Judul: Estimasi dan Validasi Kandungan Kecernaan Bahan Organik pada Hijauan Rumput Melalui Data Analisis Proksimat dan Van Soest
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mengestimasi dan memvalidasi kandungan komponen energi pakan hijauan rumput berdasarkan data analisis proksimat dan Van Soest. Komponen energi terdiri dari kecernaan bahan organik (KcBO), energi tercerna (digestible energy), dan energi metabolis (metabolizable energy). Analisis data yang dilakukan yaitu korelasi Pearson, persamaan regresi linier berganda, koefisien determinasi (R2), nilai probabilitas (P) melalui uji T-test, dan nilai root mean square error (RMSE). Persamaan regresi yang dapat digunakan sebagai estimasi kandungan energi pakan ternak ruminansia ialah KcBO proksimat (%) = 1.364 PK + 0.252 SK + 0.119 LK + 0.858 BETN, energi tercerna proksimat (%) = 1.346 PK + 0.201 SK + 0.197 LK + 0.832 BETN, energi tercerna proksimat (MJ.kg-1 BK) = 0.260 PK + 0.028 SK + 0.138 LK + 0.149 BETN, energi metabolis proksimat (MJ.kg-1 BK) = 0.194 PK + 0.016 SK + 0.113 LK + 0.128 BETN, KcBO Van Soest (%) = 1.449 PK + 1.102 LK + 0.776 NFC + 0.525 NDF, energi tercerna Van Soest (%) = 1.435 PK + 1.221 LK + 0.746 NFC + 0.485 NDF , energi tercerna Van Soest (MJ.kg-1 BK) = 0.273 PK + 0.346 LK + 0.135 NFC + 0.082 NDF, dan energi metabolis Van Soest (MJ.kg-1 BK) = 0.205 PK + 0.306 LK + 0.115 NFC + 0.066 NDF. Peubah yang diestimasi dan divalidasi yaitu kecernaan bahan organik. Simpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu kecernaan bahan organik dapat diestimasi dan divalidasi berdasarkan data analisis proksimat dan Van Soest.
Keyword: estimasi, kecernaan bahan organik, validasi

Judul: Studi sistematika  Oreophryne Boettger, 1895Sulawesi (Anura: Microhylidae)
Abstrak: The cross frogs, genus Oreophryne Boettger, 1895 are most diverse in the mainland of New Guinea and adjacent islands, to the Wallacea region in the Moluccas, Sulawesi, and the Lesser Sunda Islands, even marginally to the Oriental region in Bali and to the southern Philippine Islands. In Sulawesi, this taxon consists of three species but has rarely been reported since their original descriptions and remained unstudied in both taxonomical work and molecular study. This research aims to evaluate the taxonomic status of the cross frogs in Sulawesi based on morphology and estimate the phylogenetic using the 16S rRNA gene. The phylogenetic tree was reconstructed under Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI) analyses. We used the specimens of Sulawesian Oreophryne which were stored at the Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB). A total of about 19 morphological characters were measured by a digital caliper and ocular micrometer to the nearest 0.01 mm. The phylogenetic tree shows that the three nominal species of Oreophryne from Sulawesi are clearly clustered. Correspondingly, the phylogenetic analysis supports the recognition of a new taxon, Oreophryne sp. However, the phylogenetic relationships between Oreophryne within Wallacea remain unresolved. Consequently, further systematic analysis along with additional sequences from the type locality is necessary to clarify the interspecific relationship among this region. We examined the morphology of 50 voucher specimens of Sulawesian Oreophryne. The validity of O. celebensis, O. variabilis, and O. zimmeri was confirmed in this study, but still the latter remains to be established. The three nominal species examined here were not collected from the type locality, so additional specimens, either in the type locality, new locations, or in other areas on this island are needed to evaluate the taxonomic status of these species deeply. Moreover, the unnamed species from the highland of the Mekongga mountains differ morphologically and genetically from all previously described Sulawesian Oreophryne. This distinct species will increase the number of cross frogs in Sulawesi to four species, all of which are endemic.
Keyword: frog, morphology, Oreophryne, phylogenetic, Sulawesi, systematics