Judul: Introduksi Gen Osdep1 ke dalam Tanaman Padi Varietas Ciherang, Nipponbare, dan Kasalath melalui Perantara Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Abstrak: Development of high yielding rice varieties can be performed through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation techniques by inserting a gene that regulates the characters related to high yield. DEP1 gene (dense and erect panicle1) is a gene with single locus responsible for pleiotropy manner of three important traits i.e. dense panicle, grain number per panicle and erect panicle. The objective of this research was to introduce an Osdep1 gene into genome rice cv. Nipponbare, Ciherang, and Kasalath by using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation to obtain transgenic rice carrying the transgene. The vector used in this research was Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA-4404. Concentration of higromycin antibiotic used for selecting agent was 50 mg/L, and acetosyringone compound was added to the media that is equal to 100 μM. In vitro Agrobacterium tumefaciens (OD600 = 0.3)-mediated transformation through dropping the bacteria to rice immature embryo explants have been successfully performed and produced three transgenic plants of Nipponbare. Meanwhile, in planta transformation have produced two transgenic plants cv. Ciherang and three transgenic plants cv. Kasalath. Inheritance analysis of T1 generation Kasalath-Osdep1-4 dan Kasalath-Osdep1-8 lines showed that the transgenic lines were not chimeras. Molecular analysis should be performed to make sure that the T1 transgenic rice lines also carry the transgene.
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Judul: Over-expression of OsDREB1A gene for improvement of drought tolerance on rice.
Abstrak: Drought is a major factor that influence the growth and productivity of rice. Drought tolerant rice varieties are needed to increase rice production. Development of improved rice varieties can be done through classical breeding and genetic transformation. The research objective was to obtain rice plants containing the construct 35S::OsDREB1A. Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation of rice cv. Nipponbare using OsDREB1A gene under the control of CAMV 35 promoter produced 81 putative transgenic rice plants (T0) positively containing the transgene based on PCR analysis. The plant height, panicle number, panicle length, and the grain number of transgenic plants were in general lower than the Nipponbare wild type. T1 seeds from selected genotypes were screened for hygromycine resistence, and rice seedlings were evaluated for tolerance to drought stress in the glasshouse, based on the standard evaluation system for rice (IRRI 1996). Five independent transgenic rice plants were identified to be tolerant to drought stress. Molecular characterization using Southern hybridization showed that these plants had 2- 4 copies of transgene. Physiological analysis showed that the drought avoidance is the possible mechanism of adaptation to drought of the transgenic plants. The drought tolerant transgenic plants were crossed to Indonesian elite rice cultivars (Ciherang, Batutegi, Code, and Konawe). Glasshouse evaluation showed that F1 transgenic plants derived from cultivars Batutegi, Code, and Konawe were more tolerant to drought than their wild-type counterparts. F1 transgenic plants were backcrossed into corresponding elit rice cultivars, and PCR analysis showed that those plants contained the transgene. These results showed that 35S::OsDREB1A could be transferred and inherited to elite rice genotipes through crossing. The new drought tolerant germplasms generated in this research can be useful materials for breeding program for improvement of drought tolerance on rice in Indonesia.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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