Judul: Pemanfaatan Campuran Feed Additive Herbal Sebagai Pengganti Anttibiotik Pada Peforma Dan Persentase Karkas Ayam Broiler
Abstrak: Campuran herbal terdiri dari kunyit dan temulawak digunakan sebagai alternatif antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji penggunaan campuran additive herbal sebagai pengganti antibiotik dalam meningkatkan peforma (konsumsi pakan, konsumsi air minum, bobot badan akhir, pertambahan bobot badan, konversi pakan dan mortalitas) dan persentase karkas ayam broiler. Tiga ratus enam puluh ekor DOC strain Ross Jumbo dibagi kedalam 4 perlakuan masing-masing perlakuan terdiri dari 9 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan yaitu P0 = Ransum tanpa antibiotik + tanpa additive herbal pada air minum, P1 = Ransum mengandung antibiotik + additive herbal pada air minum, P2 = Ransum mengandung antibiotik + tanpa additive herbal pada air minum, P3 = Ransum tanpa antibiotik + additive herbal pada air minum. Data dari rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dianalisis dengan sidik ragam (ANOVA) dan jika didapatkan hasil yang berbeda nyata (P<0.05) dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan additive herbal pada air minum tidak nyata mempengaruhi konsumsi pakan, konsumsi air minum, bobot badan akhir, pertambahan bobot badan, konversi pakan dan persentase karkas. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa additive herbal yang ditambahkan pada air minum memiliki efek yang sama dengan antibiotik yang ditambahkan kedalam pakan dalam meningkatkan performa dan persentase karkas broiler.
Keyword: antibiotik, additive herbal, broiler, karkas, peforma

Judul: Pengaruh Pemberian Additive Herbal terhadap Performa Ayam Broiler
Abstrak: Additive herbal terdiri dari campuran temulawak dan kunyit yang mengandung zat aktif kurkumin dan xantorizol sebagai alternatif pengganti antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pemberian additive herbal terhadap performa ayam broiler. Penelitian ini mengunakan rancangan acak lengkap, sebanyak dua ratus ekor ayam broiler Strain Ross terbagi menjadi 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan yaitu: P0 = Ransum antibiotik + air minum tanpa additive herbal, P1 = Ransum tanpa antibiotik + air minum tanpa mengandung additive herbal, P2 = Ransum tanpa antibiotik + air minum mengandung additive herbal formula A, P3 = Ransum tanpa antibiotik + air minum mengandung additive herbal formula B. Pakan dan air minum diberikan secara ad-libitum selama 35 hari. Peubah yang diamati adalah konsumsi air minum, konsumsi pakan, rasio konsumsi air minum dan konsumsi pakan, bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan, konversi pakan, dan mortalitas. Data dianalisis menggunakan (ANOVA), jika terdapat data yang berpengaruh nyata (P<0.05), maka diuji lanjut dengan Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan additive herbal formula A dan formula B pada air minum tidak nyata mempengaruhi konsumsi pakan, konsumsi air minum, bobot badan akhir, pertambahan bobot badan, dan konversi pakan. Hal ini menunjukkan penambahan additive herbal formula A dan formula B memiliki efek yang sama terhadap performa ayam yang diberi antibiotik.
Keyword: antibiotik, broiler, herbal, performa

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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