Judul: Impact of Non Tariff Measures (NTM) ASEAN on Indonesian Electronics Trade
Abstrak: As tariffs have fallen in the years since the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was established in 1948, attention has progressively shifted towards non-tariff measures (NTMs). Pervasiveness non-tariff measures in ASEAN region will impact on regional trade and difficult for the establishment of ASEAN Economic Community by 2015. Electronics sector, which is a potential sector in Indonesia will be one of the sectors affected by the implementation of non-tariff measures. This research provides a brief of Indonesian electronics trade and implementation of NTM in ASEAN. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of ASEAN’s NTM on Indonesian electronics trade flows. Two approaches are used; the inventory approach and the econometric approach which makes use of the cross sectional gravity model. This research use secondary data which is collected from BPS, WITS, WDI, Doing Bussiness, UNCTAD, dan international publication. The bigest electronics trade in Indonesia comes from component product with Singapura as a dominant trade partner. Indonesia and Singapure can join integration in production electronics because of their location. Indonesia-Singapura agreement on Free Trade Zone Bintan Batam Karimun haven’t optimal yet so need review in negotiation, infrastructure and institution development. Indonesia is the most protective country in electronics trade. Indonesia use more NTM for pretecting local producer while other ASEAN country use more NTM for protecting local consumers such as labelling, packaging, standardize, and sertification requirement. Non automatic licensing dan technical regulation is used by almost all country in ASEAN to protect component dan consumer product. The empirical results show that the overall ASEAN’s NTM does not affect Indonesian electronics trade flows. However, if NTM is disagregated into core and non core measure, the results showed that increase in core measure would reduce trade flows and increase in non core measure would increase Indonesian electronics trade flows. Government should develop electronics industry by focusing in quality, design and, inovation product. Government should provide testing laboratorium with cheaper administration cost to increase Indonesian export competitiveness.
Keyword: non tariff measures, electronics trade, core and non core measure, gravity models, inventory approach, frequency index and coverage ratio

Judul: Impact Analisys of ASEAN’s +3 Non Tariff Measures (NTM) on the Performance of Indonesian Horticulture Exports
Abstrak: Agricultural trading nowadays is facing the tariff and non tariff barriers. WTO has been set the tariff rate which applied to trade commodities for in entire countries either developed or developing countries. The existence of tariff limitation that already occurred into global trading imposes the country to conduct non-tariff measures (NTM). One of the main point of NTM is the protection of domestic producers facing import competition with foreign products. Utility of NTM that most widely applied NTM is Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) and Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT). The implementation of SPS and TBT are also commonly occurred in Asia. One of the extending regional cooperation is ASEAN +3 which is led by ASEAN countries, China, Japan, and Korea. Indonesia as one of the ASEAN countries which has a huge potential in agricultural sector. Indonesia has a positive balance of trade on horticulture towards ASEAN +3 countries due the positive balance Indonesian export horticulture of the global trading, regardless there are some negative exports trade with others countries which still exist. Furthermore, potential horticulture production is still able to being developed. Thus, it is necessary to exploring the research about impact of NTM for Indonesian horticultural exports towards the ASEAN +3 countries. This research is expected to provides knowledge about trade policy by NTM system. The aim of this study are describing the performance of the export trade of horticultural subsector in Indonesia; describing the application of NTM in the horticultural subsector in the ASEAN +3 countries; analyzing and estimating the impact of the implementation of the NTM on the performance of horticultural exports which is NTM was about SPS and TBT. Horticultural consists of several groups of floriculture/ornamental plants, vegetables, fruits, and medical herbs. The data used in this research is a secondary data with a period of last three years that occurred on 2010-2012 and focused on the Indonesian horticultural exports towards the ASEAN +3 countries. The approach used in this study is a descriptive approach and data analysis with gravity models. Indonesia’s trade balance to ASEAN +3 countries showed deficit for China and Thailand either in the group of vegetable or fruit while other countries (Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Philipina, and Singapore) derived surplus. Non tariff measures such as SPS and TBT which is imposed by ASEAN +3 countries have been applying 200 and 43 policies. The country which is not imposing the products NTM horticulture is Singapore. The approach used to measure the amount of NTM in this study is the frequency index and the coverage ratio. In general, for the SPS and TBT as seen from frequency index during the period 2010-2012 at the ASEAN +3 countries have increased, especially with the destination country of China and Malaysia. Country of the most imposing NTM is Malaysia and Singapore the lowest is completely not impose NTM. Based on the coverage ratio of SPS and TBT in each ASEAN +3 shows almost the same value that is equal to 100%. Horticulture group most affected NTM is ornamental plants and vegetables. The results of the analysis of the gravity panel
Keyword: ASEAN +3, export, horticulture, NTM, SPS and TBT

Judul: Studi Kasus Diagnosis Pencitraan Gangguan Saluran Pencernaan Atas Anjing Schnauze
Abstrak: The aim of this study was to learn the role of diagnostic imaging to define the diagnose of the upper gastrointestinal tract disorder of the Schnauzer. The information from the owner (anamneses) stated that the dog has been vomiting for a year, sometimes containing blood. There might also be a possibility that it had eaten a corpus alineum. This study case covered physical examination, hematology and blood chemical analysis, radiography, ultrasonography, and endoscopy performed. Physical examination showed weight loss and anorexia. Hematology and blood chemical analysis showed an increase in lymphocyte, haemoglobin (Hb), haemotocrit (Hct), ureum, creatinine, alanin aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Abdominal radiograph showed no abnormality in the abdominal organs. Abdominal ultrasonography showed a hyperechoic mass on the stomach mucosal surface. The mass forms an acoustic shadowing at the ventral. The acoustic shadowing in the stomach may be caused by an accumulation of gas or foreign object such as bone. Endoscopy showed that there was inconsistency of stomach mucosa surface, foamy bile fluid in the stomach, ulcers, and erosion of the stomach mucosal surface. Based on the endoscopy performed, the animal was clearly diagnosed with chronic gastritis accompanied by stomach ulcer and erosion.
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