Judul: Pengaruh Perlakuan Inovasi Penyadapan Getah Pinus terhadap Produktivitas Penyadap (Kasus : Hutan Pendidikan Gunung Walat, Kabupaten Sukabumi, Provinsi Jawa Barat).
Abstrak: Pine resin is one of non timber forest products that utilized in Indonesia. The demand of pine resin in Indonesian industry has been increased every year. Therefore, the need for an effort to increased the productivity of pine resin. Gunung Walat Educational Forest (GWEF) is one of educational forest that producing pine resin in Indonesia. Amount of pine resin production in diHPGW increased every year, so needs to be reviewed of tapping treatment that can be incresed the tappers productivity. Respondent taken by cencus method with the number of respondents are 25 people. The respondents is selected from tapper of pine resin that still active in tapping of pine resin in HPGW. Processing of data was done by descriptive and presentation of data are carried out by tabulating and graphing. The result of lead is made by monthly lead cumulative and sorted based on time of use tapping treatment. The tapping treatment are used that working motivation, employment contract, wage rates and results of research. Based on this research showed that treatment that give more effect to increase the leads of pine resin in HPGW are working motivation and results of research. Increase the leads of pine resin because working motivation treatment is 317 kg/month. This is due to the span time that used is longer and the working motivation treatment are tapper’s favourite. The tapper’s perception to tapping treatment that most to increase the leads of pine resin is results of research as 36,8%. Because of short period that used, can make leads of pine resin higher as 203,97 kg/month. Moreover, applicate the result of research didn’t have negative impact so tapper very liked it.
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Judul: Pengaruh perubahan pengelola terhadap pendapatan usaha kopal dan resin di Hutan Pendidikan Gunung Walat Kabupaten Sukabumi Jawa Barat
Abstrak: The Gunung Walat Education Forest (GWEF) had been tapping of sap since 2001. The tapping began with the opening of copal. The process of tapping as a step for using the non wood forest product to generate income for GWEF. After copal, the opening of resin was found in 2007. For 10 years, GWEF had been three times turnover the management, the period were 2001-2003, 2004-2008, and 2009-now. At those periods the pattern of income, both of the revenue of management or revenue tappers were different. The method that used is benefit cost analysis and revenue of tappers analysis, presented by tabulation and explained descriptively. Selection of respondents using the purposive sampling were the tappers who had beed working in three periods of management. During three periods of management, the revenue of management was fluctuated. At 2001-2003 period Rp 54.074.963,67/year, 2004-208 is Rp 14.897.368,76/year, period of 2009-now is Rp 377.104.206,40/year. This because of efforts to increase the sap, such as stimulant gives, incentives, area management, and the incoming from sap also services as the main income for GWEF, after 2009 period. Meanwhile, the periods before 2009 there is no efforts to increase the sap because focused in other sectors as income. The appearance of resin in 2007 was able to covered management costs while copal was not able. The similar condition happened in production cost that fluctuated. The high income can made high production cost and high management cost as well. These caused by high production for high income so that the production cos was higher. The change of management cause the increase of income per year for tappers. This caused by high motivation and outpouring time when tapping. The increased of that factors caused by the efforts from management to increase sap income, such as incentives and stimulant gives that influenced to those increase, so the contribution of sap income’s tappers was increasing from beginning until now. But the increasing can not able to cover tappers’s life, so it needs another income. Meanwhile, production cost of tappers was not significantly increase because production instruments that used were relatively same, the increase was found in living costs because there were the increase of prices of life needs.
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Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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