Judul: Karakteristik Kekeringan Hidrologi di Wilayah Kalimantan Bagian Timur
Abstrak: This study aimed to identify the hydrological drought using groundwater recharge component and analyze the relation between hydrological drought and ENSO phenomena. Water balance model with monthly rainfall and ETp input was used to assess the monthly recharge value from 1901 to 2009. In this study we used a monthly varying threshold method. The threshold varied depending on the climate regime and soil condition. Drought in groundwater was considered when the monthly recharge is below the drought threshold. We found that the longer drought duration, the volume deficit would significantly increase. Additionally, the longer drought duration, the number of drought events would significantly reduce. This study indicates that Samarinda region under peat soil and forest cover is more prone to drought as indicated by the highest drought frequency (56). In other hand, Banjarmasin region under mineral and forest cover is less vulnerable to drought. Furthermore, this study shows that peat soils are more pronounced to severe drought than mineral soils. Our findings also confirmed that strong El-Niňo would trigger severe hydrological droughts.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), ENSO, duration, threshold, volume deficit, recharge

Judul: Karakteristik Kekeringan Hidrologi di Beberapa Daerah Aliran Sungai di Pulau Jawa
Abstrak: Hydrological drought is a condition of water below normal and also a propagation of meteorological drought. The objectives of this study are to determine the thresholds level, to analyse drought characteristics, and to analyse frequency of hydrological drought in Ciujung, Brantas, and Bengawan Solo River basins. In this study, the hydrological droughts were identified by threshold level method. The 80-percentile (Q80) from flow duration curve was used to determined the threshold (Q0). The study reveals that the threshold of Ciujung, Brantas, and Bengawan Solo River basins 17.6 m3s-1, 73.1 m3s-1, dan 46 m3s-1, respectively. Minimum duration (dmin) amounting to 10 days was the criterion of hydrological drought events. Maximum durations of each river basin amounting to 134 days, 150 days, and 167 days, respectively, and maximum deficit volumes amounting to 153.789 x 106 m3, 501.824 x 106 m3, 495.853 x 106 m3, respectively. Bengawan Solo has the highest frequency of number of droughts which have duration more above 100 days than another.
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Judul: Infeksi cacing Ascarid pasa anjing dan kucing, serta hubungannya sebagai zoonosis
Abstrak: Ada tiga cacing Ascarid yang didapatkan pada anjing dan kucing, yaitu Toxocara canis pada anjing, Toxocara cati pada kucing dan Toxascaris leonina pada anjing dan kucing. Ketiganya mempunyai habitat di usus kecil (Soulsby, 1982). Manusia dapat bertindak sebagai induk semang paratenik dari kelompok ini, melalui anjing dan kucing yang menderita sebagai sumber infeksi, terutama anak- anak anjing dan anak-anak kucing (Brown, 1975). Dari kelompok Ascarid ini penyebab utama penyakit pada manusia adalah Toxocara canis (Soulsby, 1982). Penyakit pada manusia yang disebabkan oleh kelompok ini dikenal sebagai penyakit 'Visceral Larva Migrans' (Brown, 1975), Toxocariasis (Beaver, 1966). Penularan pada anjing dan kucing, dapat melalui telur infektif (langsung), induk semang paratenik seperti tikus, kecos, cacing Lanah dan lain-lain (tidak langsung), intrauterin, trans-mammary dan secara fecaloral. Pada manusia, penularan terjadi melalui telur infektif yang tertelan. Gejala klinis yang tampak pada anjing dan kucing yang terinfeksi oleh kelompok ini, adalah anjing kurus, pertumbuhan terhambat, gelisah, batuk, respirasi meningkat, keluar cairan dari hidung, muntah yang kadang kadang bercampur dengan cacing, icterus, diare, sakit pada abdomen, perut buncit dan kadang-kadang timbul gejala konvulsi (Kelly, 1977). Pada manusia tanda klinis yang umum terlihat, yaitu batuk, dispnoe disertai demam dan gejala umum lainnya. Kadang-kadang endopthalmitis, retinitis perifer, papilitis, dan konvulsi. Pemeriksaan darah terlihat eosinofilia, leukositosis, hiperglobulinemia dan pemerik saan yang lain memperlihatkan hepatomegali…dst
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