Judul: Pola Pertumbuhan dan Distribusi Serotipe Streptococcus agalactiae Isolat Asal Sapi Perah Mastitis Subklinis
Abstrak: Streptococcus agalactiae mempunyai peranan sebagai salah satu penyebab mastitis pada sapi perah dan mempakan hambatan utama dalarn peningkatan produksi susu. Pada manusia bakteri ini sebagai penyebab penyakit sepsis dan meningitis neonatal. Berdasarkan atas antigen permukaannya, S. agalactiae dapat dibagi dalam beberapa serotipe. Yaitu bakteri yang memiliki antigen polisakarida (Ia, Ib, 11,111, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII) (Bushan et al., 1998) clan bakteri yang memiliki antigen protein (c, R, X). Penentuan serotipe S. agalactiae dilakukan melalui uji imunodifusi dengan mereaksikan antara antigen "HCI extract" dengan antisera monospesifik.
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Judul: Distribusi hemaglutinin streptococcus agalactiae pada sapi penderita mastitis subklinis
Abstrak: Proses adhesi merupakan tahap awal yang harus dilalui bakteri untuk menginfeksi sel inang. Kemampuan adhesi suatu bakteri erat hubungannya dengan patogenesis penyakit yang disebabkan oleh bakteri tersebut. Kemampuan S. agalactiae mengaglutinasi eritrosit in vitro, dapat digunakan sebagai model untuk mempelajari intereaksi mikroba dan sel inang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat distribusi hemaglutinin S. agalactiae pada sapi perah penderita mastitis subklinis. Sebanyak 32 isolat S. agalactiae dilihat kemampuan hemaglutinasi dengan suspensi 4% eritrosit sapi, ayam, domba dan kuda. Beberapa isolat S. agalactiae asal sapi menunjukan aktivitas hemaglutinasi, dari 32 isolat diperoleh 12 isolat yang menunjukan hemaglutinasi positif minimal terhadap satu jenis eritrosit yang digunakan dan 20 isolat yang menunjukan hemaglutinasi negatif.
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Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell