Judul: paleorekonstruksi vegetasi dan lingkungan menggunakan fosil polen dan spora pada formasi Tapak Cekungan Banyumas kala plio-plistosen
Abstrak: Pollen and spores fossils have important information about the flora, vegetation, climate, and environment associated with processes and conditions during sedimentation process in the past.The main objective of this study was to disclose information, especially the ecology of palaeoflora, vegetation, and environmental deposition based on pollen and spores fossils, which were found in sedimentary rocks of the Banyumas Basin Tapak Formation.Totals of 166 sediment samples were prepared using modified palynology standard methods. Palynological analysis were carried out based on the habitus, habitat, total palynomorph and diagnostic pollen and spores fossils.This research found 72408 palynomorph fossils that consisted of 48570 pollen and spores fossils and 23838 marine fossils consisted of dynoflagellate cysts and foraminifera test lining (FTL). Pollen and spores fossils consisted of 76 types that were categorized into: 20 types categorized into species, 41 genus and 15 familia level. Based on habitus, 76 types of pollen and spores fossils were grouped into: 41 taxa (53.95%) of arboreal plants (AP),15 taxa (19.74%) of non arboreal plants (NAP), and 20 taxa (26.32%) of Pterydophytes.The presence of AP taxa were more dominant than the NAP taxa.This suggested that arboreal palaeoflora and vegetation were more developed in Banyumas Basin Tapak Formation. Pollen and spores fossils evidence indicated that the environment in the Banyumas Basin Tapak Formation was surrounded by mountainous morphology and the water flow system as pollen and spores media transport from mountainous to the transitional area through lowlands, freshwater, and mangrove swamps. The overall climate of Tapak Formation showed there was no clear differences between hot-wet and cold-dry climates.The presence of paleoflora taxa in Tapak Formation were relatively stable.The mean of similarity index ranged from 53.3 to 59.64%, which was categorized as high similarity criteria among sediment samples from each location, although the diversity was categorized from low to moderate. Generally, environmental deposition on Tapak Formation was a transitional area that was influenced by dynamic marine environment intensity.
Keyword: 

Judul: Studi Keanekaragaman dan Penyebaran Spasial Palem-Paleman (Arecaceae) di Hutan Lindung Gunung Slamet, Baturaden – Provinsi Jawa Tengah
Abstrak: Palm is one of interesting plant. It has been used for several needs and also a trading commodity. One of palms habitat is in Protected Forest of Mount Slamet. The threat of land conversion and forest fires is a problem in this area. The lack of information on the diversity, abundance and the distribution of palms make this area vulnerable and increated the possibility of unknown palms to go extinct. The purpose of the research is to describe the composition, diversity and the ecological distribution of palms and also analyzing the distribution of palms based on land and altitude. Research was conducted on May until June 2012, on two type of ecosystems natural forest and mix forest at Protected Forests of Mount Slamet. Data were collected using vegetation analysis method. Data of the palms were analyzed to obtain value of diversity, evenness and abundance of species. Spatial distribution Data were obtained from recording palms position. Thematic map of land and altitude was developed on processing the landsat map and divided them to different classes. Then, it was overlayed with palms point of occurence to produce a map of palms distribution based on land and altitude. Composition of palms on Protected Forests of Mount Slamet, on natural forest ecosystem found 12 species, and on mix forest ecosystem found 6 species. Distribution pattern of palms is clumped. The higest diversity of palms occurs on natural forest at 1.200 mdpl-1.300 mdpl with elevation 8-15 %, and mix forest at 900-1.000 mdpl with elevation 8-15%.
Keyword: 

Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
Keyword: