Judul: Utilization of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for therapeutic model of epilepsy
Abstrak: Epilepsy is a chronic neurologic disease, caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Uncontrolled medication using the currently available antiepileptic drugs may result in low quality of life. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (bMSCs), one source of stem cell that is multipotent, can be given as an alternative treatment for intractable epilepsy. This research was aimed to (1) analyze the effect of chemical substance that can damaged the brain, to make a suitable animal model for epilepsy, (2) study of the culture bMSCs, and induced to become neurons in vitro neuron progenitor cells, before it can be transplanted to the animal model, (3) observe the effect of different dosages of bMSCs, and comparing the 2 routes of administration, through an intravenous line or a direct intracerebral approach. This study used 46 Spraque Dawley rats, aged 2 months which were divided to 7 groups consisted 6 rats each (1) negative control group, were given only 1ml NaCl 0.9% intravenous, (2) development of animal group model, 3 rats were given lidocaine 90mg/kg, 3 rats injected with bicuculine 8mg/kg, 1 rat was sacrificed each at the point of 24 hours, 3 days and 7 days after treatment, (3) positive epilepsy group, injected with bicuculine 8mg/kg intraperitoneally, and 3 rats were sacrificed each after 3 weeks and 6 weeks, (4-7) epilepsy group, after injected with bicuculine 8mg/kg intraperitoneally, at day-7 received bMSCs injection, each using 3x2x105 cell intravenous, 1x5x106 cell intravenous, neuron progenitor at 1x2x106 cell intravenous and neuron progenitor at 1x2x105 cell intracerebral. The result of this study showed that bicuculine injection, as a GABA-antagonist, was better when applied to create an epilepsy animal model. The most severe irreversible damaged occurred after the 7th day of treatment. The amount of cells of bMSCs culture at the 4th and 5th passages was sufficient to be transplanted, and the induction of neuron progenitor with basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor was seen by noticing the change of the fibroblasts to neurons. The activity of bMSCs to regenerated neurons could be seen that injection of bMSCs 3x2x105 results the highest number of survived neurons. There was no systemic effect of bMSCs. From this study concluded that bMSCs improved regenerate the damage of hippocampal area caused by seizure in epilepsy model animals. A low dose, intravenous administration, given repeatedly every 2 weeks gives a better respon compared to a bolus with high dose intravenous and , intracerebrally. bMSCs treatment was better than progenitor neuron treatment.
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Judul: Neuroregeration Analysis in Mice’s (Mus musculus) Brain After Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Treatment
Abstrak: Demensia merupakan penyakit neurodegeneratif yang paling banyak diderita oleh lansia di seluruh dunia. Hingga kini, belum ada metode yang efektif sepenuhnya untuk mengobati demensia. Salah satu metode terapi yang telah banyak diteliti mampu untuk menghambat demensia semakin parah adalah terapi sel punca manusia. Namun, data mengenai uji praklinis mengenai hal tersebut masih terbatas. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh sel punca mesenkimal tali pusar manusia terhadap jaringan otak mencit (Mus musculus). Mencit dibagi ke dalam 3 kelompok perlakuan, yaitu Kontrol, Conditioned Medium, dan Stem Cell. Metode penelitian meliputi pemberian perlakuan, pemeliharaan selama 14 hari, nekropsi dan isolasi organ, pembuatan preparat histopatologi, analisis fotomikrograf, dan analisis statistik. Data yang dihimpun meliputi data perpanjangan axon, morfologi sel (neuron, astrosit, oligodendrosit, dan mikroglia), dan proporsi setiap jenis sel. Proliferasi neuron di kelompok Conditioned Medium dan Stem Cell meningkat yang ditandai oleh keberadaan immature neuron yang axonnya pendek di kedua kelompok tersebut dan peningkatan populasi dark neuron pada kelompok Stem Cell. Aplikasi sel punca berpotensi meningkatkan neuroregenerasi pada jaringan otak mencit. Tidak terjadi peradangan atau gangguan lain pada jaringan otak setelah aplikasi sel punca beserta conditioned medium-nya., Dementia is the most common neurodegenerative disease suffered by the elderly worldwide. There’s no fully effective method to treat dementia, yet. One of the therapeutic methods that have been widely studied to cure dementia is human stem cell therapy. However, information about preclinical trials on this subject are still limited. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells to the mice’s brain tissue. The subjects (mices) were divided into 3 groups, namely Control, Conditioned Medium, and Stem Cell. The research methods consist of treatment, subject maintenance for 14 days, necropsy and organ isolation, histopathological slides preparations, photomicrograph analysis, and statistical analysis. The data collected includes axon extensions, cell morphology (neuron, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglias), and proportion data of each cell type. The proliferation of neurons in Conditioned Medium and Stem Cell groups increased significantly which was indicated by the presence of immature neurons with short axons in both groups and an increase of dark neuron population in Stem Cell group. Stem cell application has the potential to promote neuroregeneration in mice’s brain tissue. There was no inflammation or other disturbances occured after the treatment.
Keyword: Dementia, Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell, Neuroregeneration, Preclinical Trials, Xenotransplantation

Judul: Distribusi Massa Air Laut Jawa dari Data Hidrografi MAJAFLOX Cruise 2015.
Abstrak: Laut Jawa merupakan perairan dangkal yang dipengaruhi oleh Angin Muson dan Arlindo Selat Makassar. Pemahaman tentang stratifikasi dan distribusi massa air Laut Jawa dapat dilakukan dengan adanya data hidrografi dari MAJAFLOX Cruise pada bulan Agustus 2015. Data hidrografi didapatkan dari penurunan CTD di 14 stasiun pengamatan. Hasil penelitan menunjukkan bahwa stratifikasi vertikal massa air dicirikan oleh lapisan homogen yang kuat dari permukaan hingga dasar perairan. Hal tersebut terjadi akibat percampuran massa air yang kuat oleh aksi gelombang yang dibangkitkan Angin Muson Tenggara. Selain itu, ditemukan variasi spasial dalam arah utara-selatan, dimana karakteristik massa air di tepi selatan dan utara cukup berbeda dengan massa air di tengahnya. Massa air Laut Jawa pada puncak musim timur (Agustus) dicirikan dengan massa air yang hangat (27,18 °C – 28,11 °C), bersalinitas rendah (33,58 psu – 34,2 psu), dan ringan (21,33 kg/m3 – 22,06 kg/m3), kecuali pada stasiun 1 dan stasiun 5 yang cenderung lebih hangat dan lebih tawar dari stasiun lainnya. Pola sirkulasi permukaan menunjukkan salinitas yang relatif tinggi di bagian tengah Laut Jawa dan diduga berhubungan dengan suplai massa air Arlindo Selat Makassar. Variasi tahunan dari analisis keluaran model INDESO menunjukkan adanya stratifikasi massa air yang kuat pada musim peralihan.
Keyword: angin muson, keluaran model INDESO, MAJAFLOX Cruise 2015, pengukuran CTD, stratifikasi massa air