Judul: Physiological Responses and Milk Productivity of Etawa Crossbreed Goats to Water Mist
Abstrak: Kambing Peranakan Etawa cenderung mengalami perubahan perilaku dan respon fisiologis di lingkungan yang panas. Manipulasi suhu lingkungan kandang seperti pengabutan dapat digunakan untuk menghindari ternak dari cekaman panas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh pengabutan terhadap respon fisiologis berupa frekuensi denyut jantung, frekuensi respirasi, suhu rektal, dan kuantitas susu yang diproduksi kambing Peranakan Etawa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan November-Desember 2021 di Peternakan Al Hafidz Etawa Farm dengan menggunakan sampel sebanyak lima ekor kambing Peranakan Etawa betina dengan usia 32−36 bulan yang berada pada fase akhir laktasi. Data yang diperoleh diolah secara statistik menggunakan uji ANOVA dua arah dan menggunakan uji T berpasangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa respon fisiologis sebelum dan setelah pengabutan menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda nyata (p<0,05) pada setiap waktu pengambilan data. Produksi harian susu setelah pengabutan mengalami penurunan disebabkan pengambilan data pada fase akhir laktasi. Sistem pengabutan sebagai upaya mengurangi stres cekaman panas dapat mempengaruhi respon fisiologis ternak., Etawa Crossbreed goats tend to have behavioral and physiological responses in high-temperature environments. Hence, temperature manipulation of the stall, such as water mist, can be used to prevent the livestock from heat stress. This research aimed to discover the effect of water misting on physiological responses in the form of heart rate, respiration rate, rectal temperature, and quantity of milk produced by Etawa Crossbreed goats. This research was conducted in November-December 2021 at Al Hafidz Etawa Farm using five female Etawa Crossbreed goats aged 32−36 months at the last stage of lactation as the samples. The data obtained were processed statistically using a two-way ANOVA and a paired t-test. The results showed that the livestock psychological responses before andafter the water misting session had significantly different results (p <0.05) at each time of data collection. Daily milk production is decreasing because the data was taken during the last stage of lactation. Inconclusion, the water misting system reduces heat stress in goats and can affect the physiological response of livestock.
Keyword: kambing Peranakan Etawa, pengabutan, produksi susu, respon fisiologis, Etawa Crossbreed goats, milk production, physiological responses, water misting

Judul: Physiological Responses of Ongole-Cross Breed Dairy Cows to Changes in Stable Microclimate
Abstrak: Produktivitas peternakan dipengaruhi oleh sejumlah faktor, termasuk kualitas genetik hewan dan faktor-faktor lingkungan di lokasi tempat ternak dipelihara. Ternak sapi perah yang tidak tahan terhadap cekaman panas mengakibatkan penurunan konsumsi pakan yang akhirnya berdampak pada rendahnya tingkat produktivitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat perubahan mikroklimat kandang, respons fisiologis, aktivitas kadar superoksida dismutase (SOD), serta mencari regio alternatif selain regio rektal dalam pengukuran suhu. Penelitian ini mengukur mikroklimat kandang berupa suhu, kelembapan kandang, dan temperature humidity index menggunakan thermohygrometer, frekuensi denyut jantung menggunakan stetoskop, suhu rektal menggunakan termometer, dan suhu permukaan menggunakan kamera termal inframerah. Jumlah sapi yang digunakan sebanyak 6 ekor sapi perah betina Peranakan Ongole dan dilakukan pada 2 waktu yaitu pagi dan siang selama 5 hari saat cuaca panas. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan perubahan dengan hasil yang signifikan (p, Livestock productivity is influenced by a number of factors, including the genetic quality of the animals and environmental factors in the location where the animals are kept. Dairy cattle that are not resistant to heat stress result in decreased feed consumption, which in turn leads to lower productivity levels. The aim of this study was to assess changes in housing microclimate, physiological responses, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and to find alternative regions to the rectal region for temperature measurement. This study measured cage microclimate in the form of temperature, cage humidity, and temperature humidity index using a thermohygrometer, heart rate frequency using a stethoscope, rectal temperature using a thermometer, and surface temperature using an infrared thermal camera. The number of cows used was 6 female Peranakan Ongole dairy cows and was carried out at 2 times, namely morning and afternoon for 5 days during hot weather. The results of the study showed changes with significant results (p<0.05) in the data of cage microclimate and physiological responses, but not in superoxide dismutase activity (p>0.05). Alternative regions with values close to rectal temperature are found in the vulva, costalis, udder, and occularis regions, but the most ideal region in measuring temperature using a thermal camera is the occularis region.
Keyword: sapi perah, suhu permukaan, kamera termal, superoksida dismutase

Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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