Judul: Kajian Lanskap Berdasarkan Toponimi di Kecamatan Gambir, Jakarta Pusat
Abstrak: berfungsi sebagai identitas tempat. Di Indonesia, hal ini berhubungan erat dengan kondisi dari lingkungan, dan masyarakatnya, seperti flora, fauna, kondisi geografis, peristiwa, kebiasaan, maupun legenda. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Gambir, Jakarta Pusat untuk menelusuri informasi mengenai toponimi dari kawasan ini, berkaitan erat dengan masyarakat dan karakteristik lanskapnya. Metode yang digunakan mencakup studi pustaka, peta fokus, survei dan observasi lapang, serta kuesioner dan wawancara, yang mana dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif dasar dan secara spasial. Studi pustaka yang dilaksanakan memunculkan 3 teori asal mula toponimi, yaitu tumbuhan gambir (Uncaria gambir), Letnan Belanda Gambier, dan tradisi ‘nyirih’. Peta fokus adalah panduan untuk metode survei dan observasi lapang, dimaksudkan untuk menentukan area pusat kajian. Kuesioner disebarkan kepada dua kelompok responden, para ‘ahli’ dan ‘masyarakat’, dan wawancara dilaksanakan pula pada beberapa responden di saat pengisian kuisioner. Hasil analisis menunjukkan para responden memilih teori tumbuhan gambir sebagai asal mula utama toponimi kawasan, berefek pada pilihan penanaman kembali sebagai upaya penguatan karakteristik dan pemilihan taman kota sebagai lanskap yang paling potensial untuk meletakkan elemen penguat karakteristik lanskap. Sintesis disusun dalam bentuk rekomendasi untuk menguatkan karakteristik lanskap berdasarkan toponimi kawasan. Rekomendasirekomendasi yang telah dirumuskan dimaksudkan sebagai cara untuk mengedukasi masyarakat akan toponimi Kecamatan Gambir serta dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu acuan perencanaan manajemen kawasan.
Keyword: identitas kawasan, karakteristik lanskap, Kecamatan Gambir, perspektif masyarakat, toponimi

Judul: Studi Toponim Terkait Nama Tanaman Dalam Rangka Peningkatan Identitas Lanskap dan Biodiversitas di DKI Jakarta
Abstrak: Jakarta has long history of its development was never separated from the community culture. Toponyms is the general term for any place names or geographical entity that based on an event or something that majority and abundant in some places. One of the toponym’s type that common and can be an identity of a place is associated with the name of the plant. However, with the development of the city, directly changes the land use and impact on green space, and even eliminated many species of plants that became an origin of the place names. According to BPS data in 2012, percentation of builded site in Jakarta is 64,91%. The purpose of this study are (1) to identification about the toponyms that related with the plant’s name in Jakarta, (2) observe the existence of plants in the related place, (3) analyze the potential landscape as a place to bring the element or setting that related with toponyms, (4) and also compile the suitable recomendation for revitalisation of identity that related with toponyms and to increase the biodiversity of plants. The methods used in this research through four stages, (1) the preparation phase, (2) data collection include the data landscape of Jakarta, the history data about the origin of toponyms that associated with the name of the plant, the characteristic of plants, the existence of a plant that related to the toponym, the potential of open green space, and the public knowledge and opinions about the toponym, (3) at the analysis phase, tracing the existence of a plant in that area, analyze the characteristics of plant, and analyze the potential of open green space, (4) and the synthesis phase is to provide recommendations for revitalizing the place identity to bring the plants back that associated with the toponyms and also for the improvement of plant biodiversity. The results of tracing place names in Jakarta obtained 23 districts or villages that associated with the names of plants that were found alot in the area, there are Gambir, Kebon Melati, Kebon Kacang, Menteng, Kebon Sirih, Bungur, Johar Baru, Cempaka Putih, Kelapa Gading, Kebon Bawang, Warakas, Pisangan Baru, Bambu Apus, Kampung Rambutan, Kebon Manggis, Kayu Manis, Kebon Pala, Bintaro, Srengseng Sawah, Pondok Labu, Gandaria, Duri Kosambi, Kedoya, Kemanggisan, and Kebon Jeruk. There are 24 kinds of plants consisting of 16 trees, 3 of shrubs, 3 of herbaceous plants, and 2 of the vines. The majority of the plant is the production plants and identifier ecosystem plants. Currently 11 species of plants have been unable to be found or planted in those areas like gambir, peanut, onion and garlic plants, kosambi, manggis, srengseng, citrus plant, apus bamboo, cinnamon, pala, and gandaria. The results of public perception analysis is only few people knew about the history of toponyms. All respondents agreed that the identity of the place's is extremely important as a differentiator and identifier that makes it easy to recognize the place. The type of open green space that much found on that place are urban forest, the green line and the public and private park. The
Keyword: Toponym, Jakarta, identity, Biodiversity

Judul: Heterologous Expression Of Endo-Β-Xylanase From Bacillus Pumilus Strain Bcrs-01 In Escherichia Coli.
Abstrak: Xylanases are glycoside hydrolase family 11 which depolymerise xylan in the plant cell wall, the most excessive form of hemicellulose. Endo-β-xylanases (EC 3.2.1.8) are most important to breakdown β-1,4-glicoside bond of xylan to produce disaccaride xyloolygosaccaride (XOs) and xylose (monomer). Bovine rumen fluids have potential to obtain endo-β-xylanase produced of bacteria. The objectives of this study were to obtain xylanase producing bacteria and to express xynA gene encoding endo-β-xylanase from bacterium in Escherichia coli. Twenty nine isolate bacteria have been succesfully isolated from bovine rumen fluid in agar medium containing birchwood xylan. Isolate BCRS-01 bacterium was previously screened for the high production of xylanase. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, BCRS-01 showed high similarity (99%) to Bacillus pumilus (accession number NR043241). The crude xylanase had optimal activity at 55oC, pH 7.0. Furthermore, the crude xylanase exhibited broad pH stability from 4.0 to 10.0 and remained more than 60% and 40% of its activity after incubation at pH 4.0 until 10.0, respectively for 60 min. It also showed a stability at temperature 25-50oC since it retained 80% and 50% of its activity when incubated at 50oC or 30 and 60 min, respectively. The xylanase activity was strongly inhibited by Ca2+ and Cu2+ at concentration 10 mM, and as little as 1 mM for Mn2+. Therefore, this xylanase has potentially used as additive feeds in animal feed industry. The DNA sequence xynA gene encoded endo-β-xylanase was amplified and cloned into the expression vector pET-15by under the control of T7 promoter. The recombinant protein had succesfully expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS. A protein recombinant of approximately, 26.7 kDa was observed on the SDS-PAGE analysis. Crude extract of recombinant endo-β-xylanase demonstrated activity of enzyme at 56 U mL-1 using birchwood xylan as a substrate at 55oC for 10 min.
Keyword: Bacillus pumilus, bovine rumen fluid, endo-β-xylanase, heterologous expression.