Judul: Study on the Effectiveness of Infiltration Wells in Effort to Control Runoff
Abstrak: Perubahan tata guna lahan mengakibatan banyaknya daerah resapan menjadi daerah kedap air. Hingga saat ini belum diketahui efektivitas sumur resapan yang telah dibangun terhadap pengurangan limpasan pada suatu daerah tangkapan air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektivitas sumur resapan dalam mengurangi limpasan di sub DTA Situgede. Pada lokasi penelitian telah dibangun sumur resapan oleh Dinas Lingkungan Hidup (DLH) pada tahun 2021 sebanyak 10 buah. Lokasi penelitian merupakan DTA sumur resapan yang merupakan bagian dari sub DTA Situgede. DTA sumur resapan didominasi oleh lahan kedap air berupa bangunan gedung dan lapangan, dibandingkan dengan lahan vegetasinya. Dari 10 sumur akan dilakukan kajian pada dua buah sumur resapan yang merupakan representasi dari sumur secara keseluruhan. Data primer yang digunakan meliputi pengukuran curah hujan, lamanya hujan, debit limpasan yang masuk ke sumur resapan dan kedalaman muka air sumur resapan. Data sekunder yang digunakan meliputi data iklim, peta lokasi dan peta tutupan lahan. Data curah hujan yang digunakan adalah data curah hujan harian maksimum dan data curah hujan bulanan, Analisis neraca air dilakukan menggunakan metode Thornthwaite-Mather. Metode ini menggunakan data iklim selama 10 tahun dan peta tutupan lahan untuk melakukan analisis. Dari hasil analisis didapatkan grafik perbandingan curah hujan andalan 80% dan penguapan (ETp) yang menunjukkan kondisi surplus dan defisit. Hasil analisis neraca air menunjukkan bahwa terjadi defisit sebesar 18,2 mm/tahun dan surplus sebesar 1025,1 mm/tahun. Dari analisis neraca air diperoleh nilai limpasan yang dihasilkan sebesar 697.1 mm/tahun dan pengisian air tanah sebesar 328.0 mm/tahun. Analisis debit limpasan dilakukan menggunakan metode rasional. Metode ini membutuhkan data curah hujan harian maksimum selama 10 tahun. Nilai debit limpasan sebelum dibangun sumur resapan sebesar 0,25 m3/detik dan sesudah dibangun sumur resapan sebesar 0,11 m3/detik. Berarti terjadi pengurangan debit limpasan sebesar 0,14 m3/detik. Dari hasil pengukuran dan perhitungan dapat diketahui besarnya efektivitas sumur resapan yang meliputi efektivitas penangkapan hujan, efektivitas resapan dan efektivitas tampungan sumur resapan. Pada studi ini, nilai efektivitas penangkapan hujan sebesar 8%. Efektivitas sumur resapan dengan curah hujan sebesar 8,7 mm dan 12,9 mm mencapai 100% karena curah hujan tergolong ringan, sehingga pada tampungan sumur tidak terjadi limpahan. Efektivitas sumur resapan dengan curah hujan 30,6 mm sebesar 13 %, meliputi efektivitas resapan (8,4%) dan efektivitas tampungan (4,6 %)., Changes in land use have resulted in many catchment areas becoming impervious areas. Until now, the effectiveness of the infiltration wells that have been built in reducing runoff in a catchment area is unknown. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of infiltration wells in reducing runoff in the Situgede sub-catchment. On the research location was built 10 infiltration wells by Office of Environmental Affairs (DLH). The research location is an infiltration well catchment area, which is part of the Situgede sub-catchment. The catchment area of infiltration wells is dominated by impervious area in the form of buildings and fields, compared to vegetated land as pervious area. Of the 10 wells, the study was conducted on two infiltration wells, as a representation of the well as a whole. The primary data used consisted of rainfall data, duration of rain, runoff discharge entering the infiltration well and the water level of
Keyword: efektivitas, limpasan, sumur resapan, effectiveness, infiltration well, run off

Judul: Perencanaan Sumur Resapan di Kawasan Pemukiman Perkotaan
Abstrak: Pertumbuhan penduduk yang pesat di Kota Bogor menyebabkan tata guna lahan banyak yang berubah menjadi lahan terbangun, sehingga meningkatkan limpasan dan mengurangi pengisian air tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan merencanakan sumur resapan berbasis daya dukung sumber daya air di kawasan pemukiman daerah perkotaan. Telah dapat dilakukan penapisan lokasi prioritas sumur resapan berdasarkan kriteria topografi, tutupan lahan, dan aliran sungai. Lokasi prioritas tersebut yaitu di Kecamatan Bogor Selatan dengan DTA Cikaret, Cipakancilan, Cipinang Gading, dan Cisadane. Status DDL-air keempat DTA termasuk kategori “terlampaui” (overshoot). Hasil analisis neraca air menunjukkan surplus neraca air sebesar 1.272,3 mm/tahun dengan persentase limpasan yang relatif besar yaitu 75,7%-95%. Debit limpasan maksimum berkisar antara 31,3 m3/detik s/d 163,7 m3/detik. Telah dapat didesain sumur resapan individu dengan tiga tipe menurut luas atapnya, dengan kedalaman yang seragam 3 m, dan jari - jari 0,4 m-0,6 m. Dengan menggunakan skenario luas atap per pemukiman 10%-40% efektivitas sumur resapan individu diperkirakan berkisar antara 5,4%-39,9%. Total sumur yang diperlukan untuk empat DTA sejumlah 1.450 unit-43.073 unit. Sumur resapan komunal direncanakan terintegrasi dengan saluran drainase jalan lokal, kolektor, dan arteri. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengkaji kelayakan dan akseptabilitas masyarakat terhadap pembangunan sumur resapan., The rapid growth in Bogor City has caused a lot of land use to be turned into built-up land, thereby increasing runoff and reducing groundwater recharge. This study aims to plan infiltration wells based on the carrying capacity of water resources (DDL-water) in urban residential areas. It have been done to filter the priority location of infiltration wells based on topography, land cover, and river flow criteria. The priority location are in South Bogor District with Cikaret, Cipakancilan, Cipinang Gading, and Cisadane catchment areas. The DDL-water status of the four catchment areas is in the “overshoot” category. Water balance analysis show an air balance surplus of 1.272,3 mm/year with a relatively large proportion of runoff, which is 75,7%-95%. The maximum runoff discharge ranges from 31,3 m3/s to 163,7 m3/s. It have been done to design individual infiltration wells with three types according to the roof area, with a uniform depth of 3 m, and a radius of 0,4 m-0,6 m. By using the scenario of roof area per settlement 10%-40%, the effectiveness of individual infiltration wells ranges from 5,4%-39,9%. The total wells required for the four catchment areas are 1.450 units-43.073 units. Communal infiltration wells are planned to be integrated with local, collectors, and arteries street drainage channels. Further study is needed to asses the feasibility and acceptability from society of the infiltration well development.
Keyword: DTA, limpasan, sumur resapan, Catchment areas, infiltration well, runoff

Judul: Categorization in Macaca fascicularis.
Abstrak: Categorization is an ability to group individuals or events into different classes mediated by conceptualized mental images. There are several levels of categorization and within a taxonomy the levels are nested. At the most concrete level of categorization, all or most members of the category shared common physical attributes that differ from other categories. The higher the level of category, the fewer common attributes between members of the group. In addition to humans, the ability to categorize has also been proposed in animals. One example of categorization in animal is species discrimination. Using matching-tosample task, present experiment tested ability of the long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) in discriminating dichotomous-stimuli of different animals. The species has been shown to be able to see photos as representations of real object so I used facial photos of humans and animals for the stimuli. First, I tested their ability to classify humans and macaques into separate group. Second, I tested their ability to discriminate their conspecific from other macaques. And the last, I tested whether the subjects were able to discriminate non-human animals from humans. In all of these experiments I found that the subjects showed high performance in categorizing objects, even when I discarded details of visual informations, such as color and local shapes. The ability to identify objects with reduced representation of physical properties means the subjects were able to generalize attributes of members of the group. This would indicate that the subjects created a higher level abstraction. On the other hand, in discriminating intrageneric macaque species I found that they were able to extract uniqueness of each species. More over, I also found that the subjects were able to put photos of non-human animals that shared very few similarities in physical percepts into one group. I suggested that the subjects could create a more abstract concept based on non-percepts relations as a basis to put the objects into one category. Thus, I concluded that M. fascicularis were able to perform multiple levels of categorizations.
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