Judul: Design of Active Packaging for Cherry Tomatoes Storage
Abstrak: Tomat cherry (Solanum lycopersicum var. Aruru) memiliki nilai ekonomis yang tinggi. Namun, tomat cherry mudah rusak dan umur simpannya pendek. Respirasi yang tinggi berdampak pada terjadinya proses kondensasi uap air di dalam sehingga meningkatkan kelembaban. Oksigen absorber sebagai bahan aktif yang dikombinasikan dengan moisture absorber berupa silika gel diharapkan mampu menahan laju respirasi dan mengurangi kelembaban dalam kemasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh oksigen absorber dan moisture absorber terhadap perubahan mutu selama penyimpanan dan menentukan kombinasi oksigen absorber dan moisture absorber terbaik. Tahapan penelitian terdiri dari penentuan jumlah oksigen absorber dan moisture absorber yang akan digunakan, persiapan sampel, pengaplikasian oksigen absorber dan moisture absorber, dan pengamatan selama 12 hari. Jumlah oksigen absorber yang digunakan adalah 230 cc dan 130 cc serta moisture absorber sejumlah 10 g dan 5 g. Kombinasi terbaik berdasarkan penelitian dan perhitungan menggunakan metode Comparative Performance Indeks adalah O1M1 dengan nilai 98,26 (230 cc oksigen absorber dan 10 g silika gel), sedangkan kontrol sebesar 75,21. Sampel O1M1 mampu menekan laju respirasi menjadi 49,13 ml CO2/kg.jam, susut bobot 2,86%, TPT 3,91 Brix, kekerasan 11,18 N, tingkat kebusukan 6% pada hari ke-12 penyimpanan dengan penerimaan panelis pada skor 4,05.
Keyword: oksigen absorber, silika gel, tomat cherry, kemasan aktif

Judul: Kemasan Aktif Penyerap Etilen Berbahan Dasar Kitosan dan KMnO4
Abstrak: Active packaging is part of the modern packaging that can change the environmental conditions of food packaging to extend the shelf life, one of the active packaging materials is potassium permanganate (KMnO4). The purpose of this study was to develop active packaging from chitosan and KMnO4, to apply active packaging in tomato storage and to analyze quality changes of the tomatoes in active packaging during storage. Film was prepared by mixing chitosan 6 g, 140 mL of acetic acid 1%, 60 mL of aquadest, 2 mL sorbitol, and KMnO4 with concentration of 3, 5, and 7 g. After 5 days storage, the film used to wrap the tomatoes was sweated. The best formulation to absorb the ethylene was F3 that made by 7 g KMnO4, since it could inhibit tomato fruit ripening process compared to other formulations. Fruits packed at room temperature had lower water content which was equal to 43,41%, furthermore the control sample water content was 52.65%, while at the refrigator temperature it was only F3 formula that had a lower water content which was 34,70%, which control was 37,44%. Fruits were packed at room temperature had a high hardness as much as 17,79 compare to the control sample value of 3,47, while the refrigerator temperature had lower hardness value of the 2,72 compare to the control sample value of 4,29. Addition of KMnO4 on the film can maintain the pH in the range of 4, both in refrigerator and room temperature. Sample F3 had a value of vitamin C higher either in room temperature of 9,38 mg and refrigerator temperature of 7,26 mg, compare to control sample or other samples. Hue value of sample and control were in the range of the yellow to red.
Keyword: tomatoes, potassium permanganate, ethylene absorbent, active packaging

Judul: Analisis Model Pandemik dan Prepandemik Avian Influenza pada Populasi Manusia
Abstrak: Avian influenza is a viral disease caused by a virus within the subtype of H5N1 in which its transmission caused by birds or human. In human population, transmission process of avian influenza is discussed in the model called: bird model, prepandemic model and pandemic model. The bird model has two equlibrium points. These are saddle disease free equilibrium and stable endemic equilibrium. The endemic equlibrium occurred when the reproduction number of avian influenza is greater than one. In the endemic equilibrium, avian influenza may infect both bird and human. The prepandemic model has two equilibrium points. These are avian influenza dominant equilibrium and human influenza dominant equilibrium. The human influenza dominant equilibrium occurred when the reproduction number of human influenza is greater than one. The pandemic model has one pandemic equlibrium. The human influenza pandemic occurred when the ratio of human influenza invasion, pandemic invasion and the reproduction number of human influenza is greater than one, respectively. The avian influenza pandemic occurred when the ratio of human influenza invasion, pandemic invasion is less than one and the reproduction number of avian influenza greater than one, respectively.
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