Judul: Growth Performance Of Striped Catfish (Pangasius sp.) Fed With The Addition Of Astaxanthin
Abstrak: Penggunaan astaxantin pada pakan mempengaruhi kinerja produksi pertumbuhan ikan patin (Pangasius sp.). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi penggunaan astaxantin pada pakan terhadap pertumbuhan ikan patin. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini, menggunakan empat perlakuan (K, LP50, LP100, dan LP150) dan tiga ulangan dengan masing-masing dosis (0, 50, 100, dan 150 mg kg-1) yang diberikan pada ikan patin dengan rata rata bobot awal 7,16 ± 0,01 g sebanyak 15 ekor per akuarium dengan ukuran 90x45x45 cm dan ketinggian air 30 cm. Setelah masa pemeliharaan selama 60 hari, bobot biomassa akhir tertinggi diperoleh perlakuan LP100 sebesar 359,50±2,52 g sedangkan bobot biomassa terendah pada perlakuan kontrol sebesar 305,70±4,92 g. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa parameter kinerja pertumbuhan (biomassa akhir dan bobot individu akhir) pada ikan patin yang diberi astaxantin menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda nyata (p<0,05) terhadap ikan patin dengan perlakuan kontrol. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian ini penggunaan dosis terbaik terhadap penambahan astaxantin pada pakan yaitu 100 mg kg-1 pakan., The use of astaxanthin in feed affects the growth production performance of striped catfish (Pangasius sp.). This research aims to evaluate the use of astaxanthin in feed on the growth of catfish. The treatments in this study used four treatments (K, LP50, LP100, and LP150) and three replications with each dose (0, 50, 100, and 150 mg kg-1) given to catfish with an average initial weight 7,16 ± 0.01 g for 15 fish per aquarium with dimensions of 90x45x45 cm and a water level of 30 cm. After a maintenance period of 60 days, the highest final biomass weight was obtained by the LP100 treatment, amounting to 359.50 ± 2.52 g, while the lowest biomass weight in the control treatment was 305.70 ± 4.92 g. The results showed that the growth performance parameters (final biomass and final individual weight) in striped catfish treated with a dose of pink lucantin showed significantly different results (p<0.05) compared to striped catfish treated with the control treatment. Based on the results of this research, the best dose to use for adding pink lucantin to feed is 100 mg kg-1 feed.
Keyword: astaxanthin, feed, growth, striped catfish

Judul: Growth Performance of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with the Addition of Antioxidant Astaxanthin to Feed
Abstrak: Astaxanthin sebagai antioksidan diketahui memiliki peran penting terhadap daya imunitas pada ikan, seperti daya tahan terhadap stres lingkungan dan penyakit yang dapat mendukung pertumbuhan ikan. Salah satu produk dengan bahan dasar astaxanthin yang biasa digunakan dalam kegiatan akuakultur ialah Lucantin. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh penambahan astaxanthin yang terkandung dalam Lucantin pada pakan terhadap pertumbuhan ikan nila. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan, yaitu L0 (100% pakan komersial), L50 (100% pakan komersial + lucantin 50 mg/kg pakan), L100 (100% pakan komersial + lucantin 100 mg/kg pakan), dan L150 (100% pakan komersial + lucantin 150 mg/kg pakan) masing-masing 3 ulangan. Ikan nila merah dengan bobot awal 7,40±0,01 g/ekor dipelihara selama 50 hari dalam akuarium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kinerja pertumbuhan ikan nila yang diberi penambahan astaxanthin lebih tinggi dan menunjukkan hasil berbeda nyata (p<0,05) dibanding pakan kontrol atau tanpa penambahan astaxanthin. Parameter yang dapat menggambarkan pertumbuhan ikan seperti nilai biomassa akhir, bobot individu akhir, dan average daily growth menunjukkan pakan perlakuan L100 memiliki nilai yang tertinggi dan berbeda nyata (p<0,05) dari ketiga perlakuan lainnya. Pakan perlakuan L100 juga menunjukkan nilai rasio efisiensi protein dan retensi protein tertinggi yang menggambarkan tingkat efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan. Disamping itu, perlakuan pakan perlakuan L100 juga memiliki nilai rasio konversi pakan dan feed cost per gain terendah di antara perlakuan lainnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan penambahan Lucantin dosis 100mg/kg pakan dalam pemberian pakan ikan nila menunjukan kinerja pertumbuhan yang terbaik., Astaxanthin as an antioxidant is known to play an important role in the immune power of fish, such as resistance to environmental stress and diseases that can support fish growth. One of products with astaxanthin as the basic ingredient that is commonly used in aquaculture activities is Lucantin. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding astaxanthin contained in Lucantin to feed on the growth tilapia fish. The study used a complete random draft with 4 treatments, namely L0 (100% commercial feed), L50 (100% commercial feed + lucantin 50 mg/kg feed), L100 (100% commercial feed + lucantin 100 mg/kg feed), and L150 (100% commercial feed + lucantin 150 mg/kg feed) 3 replicates each. Red tilapia fish with a starting weight of 7.40±0.01 g/tail were kept for 50 days in an aquarium. The results showed that the growth performance of tilapia fish supplemented with astaxanthin was higher and showed significantly different results (p<0.05) compared to control feed or without the addition of astaxanthin. Parameters that can describe fish growth such as final biomass value, final individual weight and average daily growth show that treatment L100 feed has the highest value and is significantly different (p<0.05) from the other three treatments. Treatment L100 feed also showed the highest protein efficiency ratio and protein retention values which describe the level of feed utilization efficiency. Apart from that, feed treatment L100 also had the lowest feed conversion ratio and feed cost per gain values among the other treatments. Based on the results of this research, it was concluded that addition of Lucantin at a dose of 100 mg/kg to the feed when feeding tilapia showed the best growth performance
Keyword: antioxidant, feed, growth, lucantin, tilapia

Judul: Grup dan Homomorfisma Grup pada Rubik Revenge
Abstrak: Rubik cube is a kind of puzzle game. A player must arrange rubik sides, which have been disordered, back to the position where every side has the same colour. This paper does not focus on the settlement solution, but instead on proving the existence of a group homomorphism between rubik movement group and S96 symmetric permutation group in rubik revenge. Firstly, it has been proved that rubik movement set is a group. Then, it also has been proved that the M set, which contains numeric labels of 1 until 96 in cubinos sides, is S96 symmetric permutation group.
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