Judul: Modifikasi Capit Udang Untuk Kastrasi Kelapa Sawit Di PT. Socfindo
Abstrak: Palm (Elaeis) is one of the most important industrial plant which for cooking oil, industrial oil and biodiesel. Recently due to the profit gain by palm oil industring , many forests and farms being converted into palm oil estates. Indonesia is one of the most high-produced palm oil in the world. Palm estate spread in Aceh, Sumatra’s West Coast, Java and Sulawesi region, thus palm oil industry have became the most famous plantation crops in Indonesia. Palm plantation processes consist of nursery, cultivation and harvesting. One of most critical process in cultivation is castration. Castration practically processes male and female flower cutting. Castration is done in order to produce good quality palm fruit. Furthermore, castration keep the uniformity of palm fruit and stay them from pests away. Non-castrated palm tree will produce small and firm fruit which have low economic value. Castration is done by a tool called cap stand. Most of cap stand head is made by steel plate with size of 30 mm. Big size of cap stand which is made by steel plate makes castration difficult to be done, because it’s hard to put the cap stand inside the flower stem and midrib of palm tree. In order to make castration process easier the cap stand was modified. Modification of cap stand consists of changes of material and its size. The cap stand head made by steel bars with diameter of 10 mm, steel bars enable the head to get into the gap of palm tree stems. The cap stand head designed to have the gap of 6 – 9.5 cm, because the flower size is approximately on those range. The stick usually made by wood. In this modification, the cap stand stick made by steel pipe, because of its firmness and durability. Beside that, usage of steel pipe material enable the head and dodos easy to be replaced. In case of dullness of the dodos, workers have no need to brought the whole cap stand to have the dodos grinded down.
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Judul: Analisis gaya spesifik pernotongan parenkhim pelepah dan batang tandan sawit (Eiais guanensis, Jack)
Abstrak: A part of study related to the development of harvesting machinery of palm oil fruits had been conducted to analyze the cutting mechanism of the oil palm leaf parenchyma and the palm oil fruit. These works provided the basic parameters for cutting the leaves and the fruits efiicientty. The data related to the mechanical properties of the leaf and the fruits had never been provided yet, hence in this study, the testing of these properties had been carried out. The specific cutting force of the leaves and the fruits had been analyzed to obtain the relation of the mechanical properties and the parameters of the cutting edge such as the cutting angle (81, sharpness angle (B), and a symmetrical and un symrnetkxl knife. Mathematical models had been developed and validated by direct measurements conducted in this study. The results of the study, showed that the lowest maximum force of the symmetrical knife of 8 = 30' and = I@while, th e highest maximum was obtained for the un-symmetrical knife of 8 = 0' and f3 = 20'. The greater the angk, the higher the maximum force of cutting. The greater the 0 angle, the lower its maximum specific cutting force. The parameter of the symmetrical knife showed that the maximum cutting force was lower compared the un-symmetrical knife. The trend of analyses of maximum cutting power resembled the results analyses of maximum cutting force.
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Judul: A Continuous Vaccination Strategy in the SVIR Epidemic Model
Abstrak: Vaccination is conducted to minimize the spread of a disease. The vaccination is usually done several times within a fixed time interval. In the SVIR model, it is assumed that individuals do not get immediate immunity following a vaccination program. So according to process of vaccination on SVIR model, there are two strategies, i.e. the continuous vaccination strategy (CVS) and the pulse vaccination strategy (PVS). In this study, only the CVS strategy in epidemic model SVIR is considered. Results of the study indicate that dynamics of the CVS system depends on the basic reproductive number. If the basic reproductive number is less than one, then the disease-free fixed point is asymptotically stable. It means that the disease will eventually disappear from the population. Conversely, if the basic reproductive number is greater than one, then the endemic fixed point is asymptotically stable, which means that the disease will remain exist in the population. Simulation result shows that the vaccination would minimize the spread of disease by reducing the basic reproductive number. If the time for the vaccinated recipients to obtain the immunity, as well as a possibility of vaccinated recipients to be infected are neglected, then the disease will be eradicated. This condition is called an over-evaluating effect of vaccination.
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