Judul: Analisis hasil tangkapan jaring insang menggunakan ukuran mata jaring dan shortening yang berbeda di Perairan Tual
Abstrak: Shortening and mesh size effectiveness of gillnet was not known yet in Tual waters. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectivity of gillnet based on different shortening and mesh size and to estimate the catch diversity indeks of each mesh size. The study was conducted from April 6th - May 15th of 2011 in Tual waters. There were two phases in the study, i.e. gillnet construction and fishing experiment. Results showed that gillnet with mesh size of 2.25” and shortening of 50% catched the most number of fish (74). It was followed by gillnet of 2.50”-50% (59), 2.50”-55% (31), 2.25”-55% (24), 2.25”-45% (19), 2.50”-45% (15), 3.00”-50% (15) and 3.00”-55% (6). The Shannon indeks rate of gillnet with mesh size of 2.25” was 1.8, 2.50” (1.9) and 3.00” (1.1). While the Sympson indeks rate of gillnet with mesh size of 2,25” was 0.2, 2.50” (0.3) and 3.00” (0.4).
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Judul: Pengaruh Perbedaan Mesh Size Jaring Rampus terhadap Hasil Tangkapan Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) di Teluk Jakarta, Muara Angke
Abstrak: The objectives of this research were to determine the catch composition and diversity of monofilament bottom gillnet in different mesh size, to count the swimming crabs (Portunus pelagicus) caught by monofilament bottom gillnet in different mesh size. This research was conducted by experimental fishing method using monofilament bottom gillnets which have different mesh size (3; 3,5 and 4 inches). The arrangement of mesh panel on the set of monofilament bottom gillnet was operated in turns during fishing trials for giving equal opportunities of fish to be caught. The statistical tests, ANOVA test and BNT test, were used to examine the number of the catch. The result showed that total catch of monofilament bottom gillnet was 405 individuals, consisted of six species. The largest catch was swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) which made up 235 individuals or 58% of the total catch. Based on the mesh size of monofilament bottom gillnet, it can be seen that swimming crab was the main catch of the 3 inch monofilament bottom gillnet which constituted 126 individuals (54%).
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Judul: Sintesis Flavon dari Fenol dan Benzoil Klorida
Abstrak: Flavone is a class of flavonoid, commonly found in plants with wide bioactivity spectrum. A widely used flavone synthesis route is through acidcatalyzed oxidative cyclization of β-diketone. In this study, unsubstituted flavone had been synthesized via 5-step from phenol, with 22% yield and successfully increased the yield of previous study on Fries rearrangement of phenyl acetate and benzoylation of o-HAP steps. Phenol was acetylated resulting 93% phenyl acetate. AlCl3-catalyzed Fries rearrangement in 1.5 hour and at 120 °C converted phenyl acetate into o-hydroxyacetophenone (o-HAP) with 40% yield. AlCl3 as catalyst produced o-HAP with higher and reproducible yield compared with BF3·Et2O and ZnCl2. Benzoylation of o-HAP followed by Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement of the ester product using KOH in dried pyridine produced β-diketone 1-(2- hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropane-1,3-dione. The yield of ester and β-diketone were 71% and 85%, respectively. Finally, oxidative cyclization of β-diketone with sulphuric acid as catalyst produced 99% of flavone. The flavone product had been characterized spectroscopically and its melting point as well.
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