Judul: The Influence of Husband-Wife Interaction and Family Function on The Marital Quality in The Family with Elementary School Age Children
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh interaksi suami-istri dan fungsi keluarga terhadap kualitas perkawinan pada keluarga dengan anak usia sekolah dasar. Contoh dalam penelitian ini adalah 70 keluarga yang memiliki anak usia sekolah dasar (7-12 tahun). Responden merupakan ibu yang memiliki anak pertama usia sekolah dasar serta tinggal bersama suami dan anak. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain explanatory study. Lokasi penelitian berada di Kota Depok, Jawa Barat yang dipilih secara purposive. Contoh penelitian dipilih secara voluntary sampling. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat hubungan negatif signifikan antara besar keluarga dengan interaksi suami-istri, interaksi suami-istri berhubungan positif signifikan dengan fungsi keluarga, interaksi suami-istri dan fungsi keluarga berhubungan positif signifikan dengan kualitas perkawinan. Faktor yang berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kualitas perkawinan adalah besar keluarga, interaksi suami-istri, dan fungsi keluarga.
Keyword: fungsi keluarga, interaksi suami-istri, kualitas perkawinan

Judul: Pengaruh Dukungan Sosial dan Interaksi Keluarga terhadap Kualitas Perkawinan pada Keluarga Suami Istri Bekerja
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dukungan sosial dan interaksi keluarga terhadap kualitas perkawinan. Lokasi penelitian yaitu instansi pemerintahan Kota Bogor, Jawa Barat. Responden pada penelitian ini adalah istri bekerja formal yang berstatus sebagai PNS (Pegawai Negeri Sipil) di pemerintahan kota Bogor dan memiliki anak usia sekolah (6-12 tahun) serta bersedia untuk dijadikan responden, responden berjumlah 60 istri bekerja. Responden dipilih secara purposive. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa dukungan sosial, interaksi keluarga berhubungan positif signifikan dengan kualitas perkawinan. Faktor yang berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kualitas perkawinan adalah interaksi keluarga.
Keyword: dukungan sosial, interaksi keluarga, kualitas perkawinan

Judul: Application of phycocyanin from microalgae Spirulina platensis as light harvesting in anatase TiO2 nanoparticle solar cell.
Abstrak: The dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) has been assemblied used hybrid titanium oxide (TiO2) film/phycocyanin. The TiO2 film was synthesized by sol gel method with titanium chlorida (TiCl4) as precursor by hydrolysis used sulfuric acid (H2SO4). Furthermore, it calcinated for 2,5 hours in variation of annealing temperature (400oC, 600oC, 800oC, dan 1000oC). In XRD patterns exhibited which annealing temperature at 400oC to 800oC were anatase phase all. When annealed at temperature 1000oC, it caused phase transformation from anatase to rutile. The crystals size according to XRD patterns were 13,75 nm, 20,79 nm, 25,25 nm, 48,88 nm and particle size from SEM images were 43,06 nm, 44,91 nm dan 64,99 nm, 80,40 nm, respectively. The crystals and particle size increased with annealing temperature. The film thickness influenced material absorption. The optical measurement of TiO2 film and TiO2/phycocyanin hybrid film used UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Additional phycocyanin caused peak width of absorbed region from ultraviolet to visible region. The band gap energy of TiO2 can be calculated using the cut off wavelength obtained from the absorbance spectrum of a nanoparticles TiO2 films. Based on intersection between linear and energy (hv) axis. In this study just limited for anatase phase. It was caused anatase band gap is wider than rutile phase. That’s meaningful for solar cell application such as dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC). The absorption coefficient average at difference annealing temperature such as at 400oC, 600oC, 800oC were 8,1600x102, 1,7535x103 and 4,0154x102, where α < 104 include to direct transition. Band gap energy 400oC, 600oC, 800oC were 3,79 eV, 3,59 eV, and 3,35 eV, respectively. Based on this result, exhibition that band gap energy of TiO2 semiconductor film decreased with increasing annealing temperature. Spirulina platensis was cultivated in technical modification (Hastuti) with aeration under light intensity about 3000 lux. The cell density (stationer phase) for eighth day which OD value was more than 0,5. It means, the culture can be harvested. In 80 liters Spirulina platensis culture have been produced biomass dry about 10,46 gram and extracted phycocyanin in dry powders was 5,50 gram. The phycocyanin absorption spectrum at the wavelength of 619,36 nm (visible region) which had relaxation energy was 2,945 eV. The emission peak at the wavelength of 708,55 nm with relaxation energy about 2,793 eV. The Stokes shift based on difference energy absorption and emission calculated about 0,152 eV. Both of this showed phycocyanin can absorbed and radiated the sun light which received. This choice characteristic pigment was a good one related to sensitizer in solar cell application. Integration between light harvesting protein and TiO2 semiconductor surface had important role in improving of output as solar cell materials. The presence of carboxylate group (-COOH) made pigment be more efficient was due to anchored to the surface of TiO2 ampoter. The phycocyanin pigment had carboxylate group which reacted with TiO2 surface formed ester. The carboxylate group increased of dye electronics couple from excited state (p anti bonding orbital) to semiconductor acceptor state (TiO2 conduction band). The samples which made based on annealing temperature variation formed be solar cell respectively. Furthermore, cells be assembled for
Keyword: anatase, dye sensitized solar cell, efficiency, gap energy, phycocyanin