Judul: Analisis Kekerabatan Rayap Tanah Macrotermes gilvus Hagen (Blattodea: Termitidae) dan Inventarisasi Bakteri Simbionnya di Bogor
Abstrak: Rayap tanah M. gilvus yang termasuk ke dalam subfamili Macrotermitinae tersebar luas di Asia Tenggara: Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapura, Myanmar, Filipina, Vietnam, dan Thailand. Kajian tentang rayap ini sudah banyak dilakukan, akan tetapi kajian tentang hubungan kekerabatan rayap pada beberapa lokasi belum ada, sedangkan keanekaragaman bakteri simbion di dalam saluran pencernaannya masih sedikit informasinya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kekerabatan rayap tanah M. gilvus dari Cagar Alam Yanlappa (CA Yanlappa), Jasinga dan Kampus IPB Dramaga. Rayap dikoleksi dengan memasang tujuh transek (1m x 10m) pada masing-masing lokasi dan semua rayap yang dikoleksi berada di dalam transek. Rayap hasil koleksi digunakan untuk tiga perlakuan: a) uji agonistik; b) molekuler rayap; dan c) identifikasi morfologi, fisiologi, dan molekuler bakteri simbion. Pengujian agonistik digunakan untuk melihat bahwa rayap-rayap tersebut berasal dari tetua yang sama atau tidak. Masing-masing koloni diadu dalam suatu arena tertutup dengan koloni yang lain sampai semua koloni rayap hasil koleksi berpasangan dan diamati agresifitasnya. DNA total rayap hasil ekstraksi kemudian diamplifikasi menggunakan gen COI dari DNAmt, dan disekuensing. Bakteri simbion diisolasi dari saluran pencernaan rayap kemudian digerus dan diencerkan, lalu di-platting ke media Nutrient Agar (NA). Koloni bakteri yang tumbuh di media kemudian dimurnikan dan diidentifikasi berdasarkan karakter mofologi dan fisiologi. Koloni bakteri yang murni kemudian diekstraksi untuk identifikasi molekuler. Tiga koloni rayap dari masing-masing lokasi dikoleksi. Perilaku agresif rayap hanya teramati pada rayap-rayap yang berasal dari koloni yang berbeda. Hasil pengujian agonistik menunjukkan bahwa rayap berasal dari tetua yang berbeda. Hasil amplifikasi gen COI pada koloni rayap dari masing-masing lokasi disekuensing. Hasil sekuensing nukleotida dari empat koloni (dua koloni dari masing-masing lokasi) menunjukkan homologi dengan M. gilvus dari Laos (No. aksesi AB909015) dengan kemiripan 97% berdasarkan BLAST-N. Hal ini berarti bahwa hasil identifikasi berdasarkan morfologi dan molekuler menunjukkan hasil yang sama yaitu M. gilvus. Delapan isolat bakteri (tiga isolat dari rayap CA Yanlappa dan lima isolat dari rayap Kampus IPB) dari hasil isolasi saluran pencernaan dikoleksi kemudian disekuensing. Hasil sekuensing nukleotida dari delapan isolat menunjukkan homologi dengan Paenibacillus naphthalenovorans, Kocuria palustris, Stenotrophomonas sp., Escherichia coli, Kluyvera sp., Ochrobactrum sp., Chryseobacterium sp., dan Pseudomonas nitroreducens (J4M1, J5P1, J5P2, D4M1, D6P1, D6P2, D6P3, dan D6P5 secara berurutan).
Keyword: Termitidae, Macrotermitinae, agonistik, gen COI, gen 16S rRNA

Judul: Keanekaragaman Spesies Rayap dan Bakteri Simbionnya: Studi Kasus di Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor
Abstrak: As tropical country, Indonesia is very rich with biodiversity. Termite species diversity is quite high in this country, i.e around 200 spesies compared to 2000 spesies for the whole world. Since termites must have a symbioses with microbes to digest cellulose, so spesies diversity of those microbes must be correlated with termites spesies diversity. The objective of this research was to inventory spesies diversity of termites and their bacterial symbiont in Campus IPB Dramaga. Termites were collected through observation station installed in the ground and transect 10 m x 10 m which were set in Campus IPB Dramaga area. Symbiont microbes were extracted from proctodeum of each termites spesies with serial dilution technique and staining on culture media. Bacteria kolonied and characterized by Gram and morphology. The results showed that 4 species of termites belong to family Termitidae (Macrotermes gilvus, Capritermes mohri, Odontotermes javanicus, and Microtermes insperatus) and 2 species belong to family Rhinotermitidae (Coptotermes curvignathus and Schedorhinotermes javanicus) were founds. Symbiont bacteria extracted from proctodeum of those termites consist of 34 isolates from Termitidae and 9 isolates from Rhinotermitidae based on Gram and morphological characteristic.
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Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell