Judul: Arahan dan strategi pengembangan perkebunan lada (Piper nigrum L) di Kabupaten Belitung
Abstrak: Pepper (Piper nigrum L) is one of plantation commodities in the Belitung Regency and has been well known in international market. However, in recent years the total area and production has declined. Therefore it requires an effort to determine potential areas in terms of comparative advantage and competitive terms, also factors that influence the development of pepper plantation as well as its development strategy. The analysis which are used consist of Location Quotient (LQ), Shift Share Analysis (SSA), land suitability analysis, marketing margins, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and combining AHP and SWOT (A'WOT). The results showed that the Membalong sub district be prioritized in the development of pepper plantations. The most influential factor in development of pepper is land. Other factors influencing development of pepper based on degree of its influence are human resources, technology, market, and capital, respectively. Some of the proposed strategies are optimizing and maintaining natural resources potential, increasing the quality and quantity of products, diversification of processed pepper products, and improve bargaining position of the farmers.
Keyword: 

Judul: The Main Pest of Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) in East Belitung Regency, Bangka Belitung
Abstrak: Lada (Piper nigrum) merupakan salah satu jenis rempah-rempah yang tak asing bagi masyarakat Indonesia dan banyak ditanam di daerah Indonesia. Lada banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat Indonesia sebagai salah satu komponen bumbu masakan tradisional. Kabupaten Belitung Timur merupakan salah satu sentra tanaman lada di Provinsi Bangka Belitung. Budi daya tanaman lada memiliki faktor pembatas yaitu permasalahan hama dan penyakit yang mengganggu produktivitas tanaman lada. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis hama utama yang menyerang tanaman lada serta mengetahui tingkat serangan hama utama pada tanaman lada di Kabupaten Belitung Timur. Penelitian dilakukan mulai Januari 2020 hingga Maret 2020 di dua kecamatan, masing-masing kecamatan terdiri atas tiga kebun sehingga total kebun yang digunakan sebanyak enam kebun. Tanaman contoh yang digunakan untuk pengamatan sebanyak 10 tanaman contoh per kebun yang ditentukan dengan pola diagonal, sehingga total tanaman contoh sebanyak 60 tanaman. Hama utama yang menyerang tanaman lada yaitu hama pengisap buah (Dasynus piperis), hama pengisap bunga (Diconocoris hewetti), dan hama penggerek batang lada (Lophobaris piperis). Intensitas kerusakan biji per tandan tertinggi ditemukan di Kecamatan Gantung (24.9%), dan terendah di Kecamatan Kelapa Kampit (6.3%). Populasi D. piperis tertinggi terdapat di Kecamatan Kelapa Kampit (17.0 individu/10 tanaman), dan populasi terendah di Kecamatan Gantung (6.3 individu/10 tanaman). Populasi tertinggi D. hewetti sebesar 2.7 individu/10 tanaman terdapat di Kecamatan Kelapa Kampit dan populasi terendah di Kecamatan Gantung sebesar 0.3 individu/10 tanaman. Populasi tertinggi L. piperis sebesar 3.0 individu/10 tanaman terdapat di Kecamatan Gantung dan terendah (0 individu/10 tanaman) di Kecamatan Kelapa Kampit., Pepper (Piper nigrum) is a well-known spice that is widely grown various parts of Indonesia. East Belitung Regency is one of the pepper planting centers in Bangka Belitung Province. Pepper cultivation has limiting factors such as pest and disease problems that reduce the productivity of pepper plants. This study aims to determine the main pests that attack pepper plants and determine the level of damage and population in East Belitung Regency. The study was conducted from January to March 2020. Two districts that have the most pepper plants were selected, and in each district was selected one village with three pepper plantations. In each plantation, ten pepper plants were selected diagonally. Observations were made five times at two weeks intervals. The main pests found were Dasynus piperis (Hemiptera: Coreidae), Diconocoris hewetti (Hemiptera: Tingidae), and Lophobaris piperis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). The highest level of seed damage per bunch was in Gantung District (24.9%), and the lowest was in Kelapa Sampit (6.3%). The highest population of D. piperis was in Kelapa Kampit District (17.0 individuals/ 10 plants), and the lowest population was in Gantung District (6.3 individuals/ 10 plants). The highest population of D. hewetti was in Kelapa Kampit District (2.7 individuals/10 plants), and the lowest was in Gantung District (0.3 individual/ 10 plants). The highest population of L. piperis was in Gantung District (3.0 individuals/10 plants), and the lowest (0 individual/10 plants) was in Kelapa Kampit District.
Keyword: attack intensity, pest observation, pest population

Judul: Penggunaan Teorema Homeomorphy 2-Manifold dan Teorema Euler Poincare pada Torus 𝑇�� dan Simplicial Complex 𝐾��
Abstrak: Two dimensional topological spaces are said to be homeomorphic if they have the same topological invariant, where one of topological invariant used is an Euler characteristic. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem and Euler Poincare’s Theorem are used to distinguish two topological spaces. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem uses Euler characteristic to identify two dimensional topological spaces. Euler Poincare’s Theorem is an alternative way to find Euler characteristic with Betti number, which is topological invariant as well. The objective of this paper is to investigate the homeomorphism of torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾�����. Topological space torus and simplicial complex 𝐾����� have the same Euler characteristic, which is two. Based on Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem topological space torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾����� is homeomorphic.
Keyword: simplicial, torus, Euler, homeomorphism, topology