Judul: Optimalisasi Pembuatan Poli(asamlaktat) tanpa Katalis
Abstrak: Poly(lacticacid) (PLA) is an aliphatic polyester that can be used for raw material of biodegradable plastic and coating material of medicines. PLA was made with direct polycondensation without catalyst in 24 and 32 hours at 150 and 160 °C. The product of PLA was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and the molecular weight was measured with viscometer. The analysis showed that time and temperature addition were affected the result of PLA molecular weight. The highest molecular weight was 12375.99 g/mol. It was obtained by lactic acid heating in temperature of 160 °C during 24 hours. On the other hand, the lowest molecul weight was 519.82 g/mol which was found at 160 ⁰C during 32 hours. FTIR spectrum showed the existence of C-H stretching vibration at 2998.81 cm-1 dan 2946.60 cm1, carbonyl group (C=O) at 1763.73 cm-1, C-C bending vibration at 1458.28 cm-1, and C-O bending vibration at 1184.80 cm-1.
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Judul: Pembuatan dan Pencirian Kopolimer Poli(asam laktat)-Poli(asam glikolat) Menggunakan Katalis Timah Oktoat
Abstrak: Polimer biodegradabel dan biokompatibel sintetik terus dikembangkan untuk mendapatkan sifat yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Polimer tersebut di antaranya adalah kopolimer poli(asam laktat)-poli(asam glikolat) (PLGA). PLGA merupakan polimer yang dapat diuraikan secara hayati. Kopolimer PLGA dapat disintesis melalui pembukaan cincin D,L laktida dan glikolida yang dikarakterisasi menggunakan Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR), X-ray Difraktion (XRD), dan viskositas intrinsik melalui viskometri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu pemanasan memiliki pengaruh terhadap PLGA yang dihasilkan. Viskositas intrinsik tertinggi pada PLGA didapatkan pada pemanasan dengan suhu 180 oC selama 23 jam dengan menggunakan katalis timah oktoat. Pola spektrum FTIR menunjukkan adanya gugus –OH ulur pada bilangan gelombang 3514.1 cm-1, vibrasi ulur C–H pada 2947.0 cm-1 dan 2997.2 cm-1, gugus karbonil (C=O) pada 1755.1 cm-1 dan (C-O) pada bilangan gelombang 1188.1 cm-1. Analisis kristalinitas menunjukkan bahwa PLGA bersifat amorf.
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Judul: Ragam jenis ektoparasit burung tekukur (Streptopelia chinensis) dan burung puter (Streptopelia bitorquata) di penangkaran
Abstrak: Spotted dove and Javan turtle dove are the bird species that are easily raised in captivity. Nevertheless, good management is required to successfully breed and raise the birds in captivity; otherwise, the condition may endanger the sustainability of the two bird species. Information on ectoparasites on the bodies of this bird as well as their captivity breeding has not been available, although admittedly taking ectoparasites from these bird families has much been done so that a research is obviously needed. This study aimed to find out various kinds of Spotted dove and Javan turtle dove ectoparasites and to learn various kinds of parasitic insects around the Spotted dove and Javan turtle dove cages. The study was conducted from April to June 2010. The methods of data collection included the general condition of the location, collection of ectoparasites specimens, processing and specimens identification. The data analysis was done descriptively and tabulated with the degree of infestation. The kinds of ectoparasites from the class of insects found in the body of Spotted dove were Goniocotes sp. and Columbicola columbae of phthiraptera order and Pseudolynchia canariensis of diptera order, and arachnida class, that is, tungau from the pterolichidae family. In terms of ectoparasites, Spotted dove and Javan turtle dove were similar, except that Javan turtle dove had no Pseudolynchia canariensis. Goniocotes sp. and Columbicola columbae were mallopaga order (biting lice) and were obligate. The kinds of parasitic insects in the vicinity of Spotted dove and Javan turtle dove cages were from the Ordo Diptera. The diptera classified as parasites included Anopheles, Culex, Psychodidae, Culicoides and Simulium, most of them vectors of disease. The presence of ectoparasites was closely related to how a breeding place is managed.
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