Judul: Evaluasi dan Pengembangan Strategi Pembiayaan UKM dalam Meningkatkan Profitabilitas Bank Syariah di Jakarta
Abstrak: The ability of Small and Medium Enterprises (UKM) in Indonesia to penetrate the global market or to increase the export-import products is determined by a combination of several relatively superior factors of an enterprise and its competitors. Faced with the characteristics and obstacles in operating, UKM may raise its loan or credit pass through sharia banking. The development of national sharia banking is basically directed to create healthy sharia banking and perform consistent Islamic principles. The objectives of developing sharia banking are (1) to fulfill the requirements of the society in need of banking services consistent with the sharia principles, and (2) to create an alternative banking system that has a variety of products and surplus services. The method of assessing sharia loan is by using the growth-profit ratio pursuant to the report of sharia loan of UKM in 2003-2007, whose figures are used as the basis of assessing sharia funding. The SWOT analysis was used to evaluate its implementation strategy. The UKM funding at sharia banking may be used as the basis of the evaluation of success in obtaining profit. The business performance can be calculated by using financial standards, such as net profit, Return on Assets (ROA), and cash flow. In general, in 2003-2007, there was an increase in the development of sharia funding at sharia banking. The optimal profit obtained, based on ROA, yielded a positive value to the funding of UKM. In reaching its target, sharia banking develop sharia network by opening new branches, especially for the development of UKM funding
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Judul: Analysis of Risk Performance, Profitability and Level of Financing Efficiency of Sharia Commercial Banks and Sharia Business Units
Abstrak: Sistem keuangan Islam yang biasa disebut dengan sistem syariah memiliki kekhususan dibandingkan dengan sistem keuangan pada umumnya. Sistem syariah melarang pengenaan bunga atas dana pinjaman sehingga pembiayaan yang sesuai pada dasarnya adalah bagi hasil (PLS). Melihat satu perbedaan pada penerapan sistem perbankan berbasis bunga, maka bank syariah diharapkan mampu bersaing (competitiveness) dan mampu beroperasi secara efisien. Efisien perbankan pada pembiayaan syariah diharapkan dapat meningkatkan profitabilitas. Namun dalam praktiknya, salah satu sistem pembiayaan syariah yaitu mudharabah memiliki tingkat risiko yang tinggi dan tingkat pengembalian yang relatif rendah, sedangkan produk murabahah yang bukan PLS, memiliki tingkat risiko rendah dan tingkat pengembalian yang relatif tinggi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja risiko, profitabilitas dan tingkat efisiensi pada pembiayaan Bank Umum Syariah (BUS) dan Unit Usaha Syariah (UUS). Data penelitian menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari informasi laporan keuangan bulanan publikasi statistik perbankan syariah yang diterbitkan periode 2014-2020 oleh Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK), dan sumber data lainnya. Metode analisis penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif yaitu data time series dengan software analisis data EVIEWS 9 dan STATA 15.1. Secara keseluruhan penelitian ini tidak cukup kuat menunjukkan bahwa pembiayaan mudharabah bersifat high risk low return dan pembiayaan murabahah bersifat low risk high return, karena pembiayaan mudharabah tidak terbukti bersifat high risk low return atas risiko dan return yang justru menghasilkan expected return yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan expected return pembiayaan murabahah. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembiayaan mudharabah bersifat high risk high return dan pembiayaan murabahah bersifat low risk low return. Perbandingan risiko antara pembiayaan mudharabah dan murabahah diketahui bahwa risiko yang paling besar terdapat pada pembiayaan mudharabah. Pada pembiayaan murabahah menunjukkan hasil yang lebih rendah dan lebih stabil dari sisi risiko dan imbal hasil. Hasil perhitungan RAROC menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pendapatan yang diperoleh oleh BUS dan UUS dari aktivitas pembiayaannya yang telah disesuaikan dengan risiko yang paling buruk terjadi pada tahun 2020 sebesar Rp. -3.040.449.000. Namun pada tingkat efisiensi, nilai efisiensi tertinggi terjadi pada tahun 2020 sebesar 0,9130 atau 91,30% yang memiliki nilai hampir mendekati angka 100%. Terjadinya ketidakselarasan hasil dari kedua model kinerja BUS dan UUS dimungkinkan karena pada kedua model memiliki pandangan yang berbeda., The Islamic financial system, which is commonly referred to as the sharia system, is specific compared to the financial system in general. The sharia system prohibits the imposition of interest on loan funds so that appropriate financing is profit sharing (PLS). Seeing one difference in the application of the interest-based banking system, Islamic banks are expected to be able to compete (competitiveness) and be able to operate efficiently. Efficient banking in Islamic financing is expected to increase profitability. However, in practice, one of the sharia financing systems, namely mudharabah, has a high level of risk and a relatively low rate of return, while Murabaha products which are not PLS, have a low level of risk and a relatively high rate of return. This study aims to analyze the performance of profitability and the level of efficiency on financing for Sharia Commercial Banks (BUS) and Sharia Business Units (UUS). The research data uses secondary data obtained from monthly financial report information published in Islamic banking
Keyword: Profitability, Efficiency, Mudharabah Financing, Murabahah Financing

Judul: Acute Oral Toxicity Lethal
Dose 50 (LD50) of Cayenne Pepper (Capsicum annuum) Infusion in DDY Strain
Mice (Mus musculus)
Abstrak: In recent years, there has been a growing interest in herbal remedies such as cayenne pepper which is known for its versatility beyond its culinary use. Cayenne pepper’s phytochemicals, including capsaicinoids, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, vitamins, and minerals, offer antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiinflammatory properties, making it a valuable ingredient in various fields such as veterinary medicine, agro-food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. However, concerns regarding the potential risks of cayenne pepper consumption as herbal medicine arise. This study aims to determine the acute oral toxicity lethal dose 50 (LD50) of cayenne pepper infusion in female DDY strain mice and its effects on the mice's organs. The research involved 20 DDY strain female mice divided into 4 groups which are control group (administered with distilled water) and treatment groups that are given cayenne pepper infusion at doses of 5, 10, and 15 g/kg BW orally. The observed variables included mortality, clinical symptoms, physiological responses, and organ weight. Acute toxicity testing indicated that the cayenne pepper infusion falls into the category of practically non toxic formulations. Administration of the cayenne pepper infusion up to a dose of 15 g/kg BW did not induce toxicity symptoms, such as clinically pathological symptoms, macro anatomical organ changes, or mortality nor affect both weight gain and loss.
Keyword: cayenne pepper, infusion, acute oral toxicity, DDY strain mice, herbal medicine