Judul: Navigation Mobile Apps Utilization and K–MACS Algorithm for VRPTW Model of Fruits Distribution
Abstrak: Penelitian ini memperkenalkan algoritma K-MACS VRPTW, yaitu suatu solusi pendekatan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan optimisasi distribusi menggunakan algoritma vehicle routing problem dengan batasan waktu (VRPTW), yaitu pengembangan dan penggabungan dari algoritma heuristic K-Means clustering dan algoritma metaheuristic multikoloni semut buatan atau multiple ant colony system (MACS) dengan bahasan utama pengiriman buah stroberi, salah satu produk yang sensitif terhadap suhu dan yang mudah rusak (TSPPs). K-MACS VRPTW terdiri dari algoritma K-Means clustering untuk pembagian dan pengelompokan data pelanggan yang berjumlah besar secara lebih cepat, dan algoritma MACS untuk membangun rute layak dan optimisasinya, yaitu hierarki dua koloni semut buatan dengan dua fungsi obyektif: koloni pertama meminimalkan jumlah kendaraan yang digunakan sementara koloni kedua meminimalkan jarak tempuh dan total waktu pengiriman. Parameter yang digunakan untuk pengelompokan metode K-Means clustering adalah jarak terpendek dari rumus Euclidean, sedangkan untuk optimisasi rute yang layak dan tidak melanggar batas waktu serta kapasitas kendaraan menggunakan perhitungan rumus Haversine. Dari percobaan serta perbandingan perhitungan yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan data yang sama, solusi yang dihasilkan dari model yang dibangun dengan algoritma K–MACS VRPTW menghasilkan rute dan waktu pengiriman yang lebih baik (optimal) dibandingkan solusi yang dihasilkan dari perhitungan hanya menggunakan satu algoritma-algoritma tersebut secara terpisah baik hanya menggunakan algoritma K-Means saja maupun algoritma MACS saja. Model yang dirancang untuk armada distribusi pada CV. Yan’s Fruit and Vegetables yaitu colt-L300 dan colt diesel-double (CDD) kendaraan berpendingin dengan kapasitas terbatas dan mempunyai jam kerja masing- masing 8 jam dan 12 jam-kantor, dapat menghasilkan solusi rute pengiriman yang lebih optimal dari sebelumya, serta dapat menghemat biaya distribusi dengan mengurangi kendaraan yang digunakan yang awalnya armada yang digunakan untuk pengiriman adalah berjumlah 5 kendaraan menjadi 4 kendaraan dengan jarak total lebih pendek dan waktu perjalanan lebih cepat. Untuk hasil perbandingan navigasi, uji coba dari setiap solusi rute layak yang dihasilkan dalam perhitungan algoritma tersebut telah dilakukan menggunakan aplikasi seluler navigasi gratis dengan layanan info arah dan jalur lalu-lintas Google API Direction untuk optimasi bernama Voyager. Dan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengaplikasian hasil perhitungan model yang dikembangkan dengan fasilitas Google API Direction dapat mengasilkan solusi rute kunjungan yang lebih baik dan efisien.
Keyword: ant colony system, K–MACS, K–Means, perishable, VRPTW

Judul: Penyelesaian Vehicle Routing Problem pada Pendistribusian Sayuran Dataran Tinggi Menggunakan Algoritme Genetika (Studi Kasus PT Saung Mirwan)
Abstrak: Vehicle routing problem (VRP) is an important issue on a transportation system that aims at minimizing the total vehicle mileage to reduce vehicle operating cost to a minimum. Vehicle routing problem belongs to the class of non-polynomial hard (NP-hard), which generally uses a heuristic approach to find a solution. In this time, Vehicle routing problem resolution will be applied to the distribution of highland vegetables from PT. Saung Mirwan as the vegetable distribution center. The problems that often arise in the distribution of highland plain vegetables is to how minimize the total of transportation costs without sacrificing the goal completion time to reduce the risk of the decline in the quality of vegetables during the trip. Issues will become increasingly complex if the vehicle routing problem is flexible to changes that occur in the limit or the value of decision variables. The problems encountered in this case include heterogeneous multi fleet VRP, single source, single trip, and multi-product. Therefore, this research used genetic algorithm optimization method (GA) to solve the problem. Genetic algorithm is one of the heuristic methods, which is analogous to the process of evolution by natural selection phase, crossover and mutation. In this paper a simulation is performed by searching the optimum solution to the location of the distribution as the destination points. Optimum solutions are obtained in the form of division of highland vegetable distribution channels that meet the existing constraints. As a solution, there was reduction of the distribution time of about 1 hour 58 minutes or an increase in time efficiency by approximately 32.22% and a reduction of the fleet utilization by 1 fleet or an increase of fleet efficiency by 14.28%.
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Judul: Durability of Specific Immunoglobulin (Ig) Y Againts Influenza and Covid-19 in Sunscreen
Abstrak: The benefit of specific immunoglobulin Y (Ig Y) as an active ingredient in personal care products such as sunscreen has not been properly studied. Our study aims to evaluate the reliability of specific IgY against influenza and the COVID-19 virus in a sample sunscreen product. Specific IgY influenza and COVID-19 viruses were inserted in the sample sunscreen at two concentrations of 0.1% and 0.25%. Three treatments were observed: control (C) sunscreen without IgY, treatment 1 (T1) sunscreen with 0.1% IgY, and treatment 2 (T2) sunscreen with 0.25% IgY. Organoleptic observations were carried out to monitor changes in aroma, color, and texture, and sunscreen sampling was done every week for 6 weeks. The durability of IgY was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a neutralization assay. Organoleptic observation from weeks 1 to 6 showed consistency in its aroma, color, and texture. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization assay (NA) results of the T1 and T2 groups showed negative results except for sample T1 at week 5, which showed a positive result in the Influenza A ELISA. Based on the results, it seems that IgY concentrations of 0.1% or 0.25% were not optimal. However, this negative result might be due to low concentration of the IgY and the presence of beeswax, which inhibits IgY and causes it to dissolve in distilled water, thus preventing it from being detected in the assay.
Keyword: Immunoglobulin Y, Sunscreen, Influenza, COVID-19, Biological Activity