Judul: Social Capital, Economic Coping Strategy and Family Well-Being of Vegetable Farmer during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Abstrak: Dampak pandemi bagi petani sayuran yaitu menurunnya pendapatan yang mengganggu tingkat kesejahteraan keluarga petani. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh modal sosial dan strategi koping ekonomi terhadap kesejahteraan keluarga petani sayuran. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dan penarikan contoh dilakukan dengan cara two stage random sampling. Lokasi penelitian ini adalah Desa Paniaran, Kecamatan Siborong-borong, Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara, Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah istri sebanyak 85 orang. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan alat bantu kuesioner. Data dianalisis dengan analisis jalur menggunakan aplikasi SPSS 25. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa modal sosial memiliki pengaruh tidak langsung terhadap kesejahteraan subjektif, yaitu melalui strategi koping ekonomi dan melalui kesejahteraan objektif. Strategi koping ekonomi memiliki pengaruh negatif tidak langsung terhadap kesejahteraan subjektif. Pengaruh tidak langsung ini melalui kesejahteraan objektif. Peningkatan kesejahteraan dapat dilakukan dengan cara menurunkan jumlah strategi koping ekonomi dan meningkatkan modal sosial., The impact of the pandemic for vegetable farmers is the decline in income which disrupts the well-being level of the farmer family. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of social capital and economic coping strategies on the well-being of vegetable farmer families. This research is a descriptive study and sampling was done by means of two stage random sampling. The location of this research is Paniaran Village, Siborong-borong District, North Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra Province. The subjects in this study were 85 wives. Data are collected through interviews with a questionnaire tool. The data are analyzed by path analysis using the SPSS 25 application. The results of the analysis show that social capital has an indirect effect on subjective well-being, namely through economic coping strategies and through objective well-being. Economic coping strategies have an indirect negative effect on subjective well-being. This indirect effect is through objective well-being. Well-being improvement can be done by reducing the number of economic coping strategies and increasing social capital.
Keyword: coping strategy, farmer, objective well-being, social capital, subjective well-being, coping strategy, farmer, objective well-being, social capital, subjective well-being

Judul: The Influence of Economic Pressure and Coping Strategy toward Family Strength in Pandemic of Covid-19.
Abstrak: Kelumpuhan ekonomi yang disebabkan oleh Covid-19 telah merugikan banyak hal di seluruh dunia, seperti ekonomi rumah tangga yang terkena dampak cukup besar sehingga hal ini rentan dengan permasalahan sosial dan ekonomi keluarga. Kondisi pandemi menuntut keluarga melakukan tindakan koping agar dapat mengatasi permasalahan dan mencapai ketahanan keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh tekanan ekonomi dan strategi koping terhadap ketahanan keluarga yang tinggal di Kota Depok. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional study yang melibatkan 50 keluarga utuh dengan anak usia sekolah yang dipilih secara voluntary sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif, analisis korelasi Pearson, dan uji regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lama pendidikan suami dan pendapatan per kapita berhubungan positif signifikan terhadap ketahanan keluarga, sedangkan tekanan ekonomi dan strategi koping memiliki hubungan negatif signifikan terhadap ketahanan keluarga. Hasil uji pengaruh menunjukkan bahwa tekanan ekonomi berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap ketahanan keluarga, semakin rendah tekanan ekonomi yang dialami keluarga, maka ketahanan keluarga semakin tinggi., The economic paralysis caused by COVID-19 has harmed many things around the world, such as the household economy, which has been affected quite a lot so that it is vulnerable to social and economic problems for the family. Pandemic conditions require families to take coping measures in order to overcome problems and achieve family resilience. This study aims to analyze the effect of economic pressure and coping strategies on the resilience of families living in Depok City. This study used a cross-sectional study design involving 50 intact families with school-age children selected by voluntary sampling. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression tests. The results showed that the husband's length of education and per capita income had a significant positive relationship with family resilience, while economic pressure and coping strategies had a significant negative relationship with family resilience. The results of the influence test show that economic pressure has a significant negative effect on family resilience, the lower the economic pressure experienced by a family, the higher family resilience
Keyword: ketahanan keluarga, strategi koping, tekanan ekonomi, pandemi covid-19

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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