Judul: Consumption of isoflavone foods and other factors to premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in High School Students in Bogor
Abstrak: This study was aim to analyze the consumption of isoflavone foods and other factors to Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) in high school girl students in Bogor. The specific objectives of this research were: (1) identified the prevalence of PMS; (2) identified the socio-economic condition; (3) analyzed the physical activity level; isoflavone and PMS knowledge, nutritional status, consumption of isoflavone foods; nutritional adequacy level (Ca, vitamin B6, vitamin A, and vitamin C) and stress level, (4) analyzed correlation of socio-economic condition with the consumption of isoflavone foods; (5) analyzed correlations of physical activity level, isoflavone and PMS knowledge, nutritional status, consumption of isoflavone foods, nutritional adequacy level (Ca, vitamin B6, vitamin A, and vitamin C) , and stres level to PMS; (6) analyzed the risk factors of PMS Design of this study was a cross sectional study. The selection of places and respondents were purposively on girl students in two high schools. Respondents were 15-16 years old, had experienced menstruation, can be measured for weight and height, as well as willing and able to be interviewed. The data collected consisted of primary data and secondary data. Primary data include individual and socio-economic characteristics,physical activity level, isoflavone and PMS knowledge, nutritional status, consumption of isoflavone foods, nutritional adequacy level of Ca, vitamin B6, vitamin A, and vitamin C, stress level, and PMS. The secondary data were taken about profile of the school and the student names. Data were analyzed using the SPSS for windows (version 16.0). The correlation between variables were analyzed with Spearmans and risk factors of PMS were examined with logistic regression. The study showed that the majority of respondents had PMS where most of the complaints were severe. Most respondents had light activity (84.0%) with the average of activity level is 1.47. Most of respondents had isoflavone and PMS knowledge in moderate category and almost all respondents had nutritional status in normal category. Isoflavone foods consumed most often by respondents were tofu and tempeh with an average intake of isoflavones from various types of food consumed was 19.16 ± 5.7 mg/day, but the majority still had isoflavone adequacy level below average. It is also known that Ca, vitamin B6, vitamin A, and vitamin C intake were also low and the majority had adequate level below the averages of all respondents. In this study, majority of respondents had stress leel in moderate category. Spearman correlation test showed that stress level was positively associated with PMS but that stress level did not seem to be a risk factor of PMS
Keyword: adolescent girls, isoflavone, nutrient, premenstrual syndrome

Judul: The Correlation between Stress Level and Fast Food Consumption with Premenstrual syndrome of PPKU IPB University Students
Abstrak: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) merupakan kombinasi gejala fisik dan emosional yang dialami wanita pada 2-14 hari menjelang masa menstruasi dan berakhir setelah masa menstruasi dimulai. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keterkaitan tingkat stres dan konsumsi fast food dengan kejadian premenstrual syndrome pada mahasiswi PPKU IPB. Penelitian dilakukan pada Agustus 2023 menggunakan desain cross sectional dan melibatkan 104 subjek yang dipilih secara purposive. Data karakteristik keluarga, karakteristik subjek, konsumsi fast food, konsumsi pangan, keluhan PMS, dan tingkat stres dikumpulkan melalui pengisian kuesioner dan wawancara. Data berat badan dan tinggi badan diperoleh melalui pengukuran langsung dan mandiri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 64,4% mengalami PMS, tingkat keparahan PMS tertinggi 44,2% kategori ringan, 45,2% stres akademik tingkat sedang, 98,1% jarang mengonsumsi fast food, dan sebagian besar memiliki tingkat kecukupan energi, karbohidrat, protein defisit berat. Sementara tingkat kecukupan lemak mayoritas tergolong normal. Usia menarche subjek menurut uji Chi-Square signifikan lebih cepat pada subjek PMS daripada subjek non-PMS (p<0,05). Hasil uji Mann Whitney menunjukkan tingkat stres subjek PMS signifikan lebih tinggi daripada subjek non-PMS (p<0,05). Hasil uji Pearson menunjukkan terdapat hubungan signifikan antara tingkat stres dengan PMS (p=0,000, r=0,432). Hasil uji Spearman juga menunjukkan konsumsi fast food berhubungan signifikan dengan PMS (p=0,000, r=0,338)., Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a combination of physical and emotional symptoms experienced by women in the 2-14 days before menstruation and ends after menstruation begins. This study aims to analyze the relationship between stress levels and fast food consumption with the incidence of premenstrual syndrome in PPKU IPB students. The research was conducted in August 2023 using a cross-sectional design and involved 104 subjects selected purposively. Data on family characteristics, subject characteristics, fast food consumption, food consumption, PMS complaints, and stress levels were collected through filling out questionnaires and interviews. Data on body weight and height were obtained through direct and independent measurements. The results showed that 64.4% experienced PMS, the highest level of PMS severity was 44.2% in the mild category, 45.2% had moderate levels of academic stress, 98.1% rarely consumed fast food, and the majority had adequate levels of energy, carbohydrates, severe protein deficit. Meanwhile, the level of fat adequacy is mostly classified as normal. The age of menarche according to the Chi-Square test was significantly faster in PMS subjects than in non-PMS subjects (p<0.05). The results of the Mann Whitney test showed that the stress level of PMS subjects was significantly higher than that of non-PMS subjects (p<0.05). The results of the Pearson test show that there is a significant relationship between stress levels and PMS (p=0.000, r=0.432). The Spearman test results also showed that fast food consumption was significantly related to PMS (p=0.000, r=0.338).
Keyword: fast food consumption, premenstrual syndrome, stress level, university student

Judul: Karakteristik Anatomi Skelet Kepala Buaya senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii).
Abstrak: Buaya sepit atau senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii) merupakan jenis buaya asli Indonesia yang berhabitat di sungai-sungai Sumatera, Kalimantan, dan juga pedalaman Sulawesi. Salah satu ciri khas buaya senyulong adalah bentuk moncong yang runcing dan sempit, namun hingga saat ini informasi mengenai struktur skelet kepala buaya senyulong sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik anatomi skelet kepala buaya senyulong yang dikatikan dengan fungsi dan perilakunya. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksploratif dengan melakukan pengamatan, pencatatan, dan pengambilan gambar dari skelet kepala buaya senyulong. Skelet kepala berukuran panjang 70 cm, lebar 29 cm, dan tingggi 17 cm dengan permukaan kasar pada os nasale, os frontale, os maxilla, os mandibula, os lacrimale, os jugale. Jumlah gigi pada buaya ini sebanyak 78 buah, terdiri dari 4 buah gigi premaxila, 16 buah gigi maxila, dan 19 buah gigi mandibula. Pada regio orbitalis ditemukan dua pasang fenestrae temporales yang berkembang baik. Fenestra supratemporale merupakan lubang oval yang membentang di sepanjang os parietale. Fenestra infratemporale berbentuk segitiga dan dibatasi oleh os squamosum, os postorbitale, os jugulare, dan os quadratum. Os mandibula hewan ini mempunyai symphysis mandibularis yang panjang yaitu garis yang melintang di corpus mandibulae. Secara fungsional ukuran symphysis mandibularis berkaitan dengan adaptasi hewan terhadap diet makan.
Keyword: kepala, moncong, Tomistoma schlegelii