Judul: Growth and yield model of maize intercropped with Cassava
Abstrak: This research consist of crop modeling that involves field experiment to construct a model of growth and yield of mize intercropped with cassava. The objective of the field experiment was to understand the process mechanism of competition between maize and cassava, to generate the parameters of plant growth and development and their values, and to validate the model.
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Judul: Growth and Yield Model of Maize Intercropped with Cassava
Abstrak: This research consist of crop modeling that involves field experiment to construct a model of growth and yield of mize intercropped with cassava. The objective of the field experiment was to understand the process mechanism of competition between maize and cassava, to generate the parameters of piat growth md development and their values, and to validate the model. Field experiment of growing maize (Arjuna, Pioneer 4, and Cargill 9 in various planting densities) and assan (Adim 1) was conducted for monoculture and intercropped plants. Intercropped cassava increased intraspesific competition of maize. Yield of maize decsreased at about 3 to 14 %. Maize also reduced growth and yield of cassava. Taller. canopy of later maize variety and higher density caused heavier competition for 8 cassava. At highest dens@ of maize ((80 000 plants ha-'). intemmppcd with Arjuna, Pioner 4, and Cargill 9 decreased yield of cassava tuber of about 40.6%, 43.0°/0, dan I 64.3% respectively. However, the intercropping still gave a better land productivity, where land equivalent ratio (LER) was larger than 1.0. The LER of intercropping with Arjuna, Pioneer 4, and Cargill 9 were 1.5 1, 1.73, and 149, respectively. Model being constructed can be use to simulate growth and yield of maize and cassava in intercropping system, where the light dan soil moisture are the limiting factors. Validation of the mdel for total and grain or tuber dry weight variables result in 95% of variables are not significantly different with the observed values from the field experiment. However, using all variables, 80% of the model outputs are not significantiy different with the observed values. Those prove that the model has been able to describe the behaviour of growth and yield of both crops in the intercropping system and therefore, it can be applied for the purposse of prediction. The model still needs to be validatied for different time of planting, planting arrangement, and densities, plant growth factors for both crops, for wider application of the model.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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