Judul: Analisis mata pencaharian alternatif nelayan gillnet di Desa Batukaras, Kecamatan Cijulang, Pangandaran, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Fishermen in Batukaras generally using bottom set gillnets. Activities of fishing operations using the hunting system and depend on the season. The purpose of this study is to describe the gillnet fishing unit and analyze the work done by the fishermen, both fisheries and alternative livelihoods (non-fisheries). The method of this research using survey methods and data collection techniques by purposive sampling. Analysis of the data used in the form of analysis of fishing unit and financial analysis that includes the analysis of income and revenue cost ratio (R/C). The results of the analysis of fishing unit showed that gillnet construction consist of buoys, head and ground ropes, net body, neck strap, and sinker. Gillnet was operated by 2-3 fishermen using the boat which its length (L) 9.00 meters, breadth (B) of 1.50 meters, and depth (D) 1.00 meters. The work done by gillnet fishermen is fisheries effort and alternative livelihoods. Based on the financial analysis has result that average of fishermen income is Rp 693.297 per month and the value of R/C of 1.31 (R/C> 1), so fisheries effort is profitable and feasible to be developed. alternative livelihoods undertaken by the fishermen including agriculture, albizia wood cultivation, collecting firewood, collecting coconuts, used goods sellers, kiosk, and gardening cardamom. Based on the financial analysis has result that average of alternative livelihoods is Rp 445.347 per month and the value of R/C obtained from all alternative livelihoods is more than one, so the alternative livelihoods businesses profitable and feasible to be developed. This is supported by the result of the pattern of business implementation, in which all alternative livelihood done on famine and moderate, so it does not interfere the main work of the fishermen.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), gillnet fishermen business, financial analysis, gillnet, Batukaras Village

Judul: Analisis pendapatan dan pengeluaranrumah tangga nelayan gillnet (nylon dan sirang) di kecamatan Pangandaran, kabupaten Ciamis, propinsi Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Berdasarkan berbagai studi diketahui bahwa pendapatan nelayan tergolong rendah, sehingga perlu dicari alternatif pemecahannya untuk peningkatan pendapatan para nelayan. Pemilihan alternatif untuk meningkatkan pendapatan tersebut perlu mempertimbangkan kesempatan berusaha dan bekerja yang ada di sekitar lingkungan nelayan berada. Tingkat kehidupan nelayan di Kecamatan Pangandaran diperkirakan masih rendah, namun demikian belum terdapat data yang memadai untuk dapat digunakan dalam mencari alternatif peningkatan pendapatan nelayan, sehingga penelitian yang mengkaji tentang analisis pendapatan rumah tangga nelayan di Kecamatan Pangandaran sangat diperlukan. Aktivitas pariwisata di Kecamatan Pangandaran diharapkan membawa pengaruh positif terhadap keadaan sosial ekonomi masyarakat nelayan di sekitar obyek wisata. Namun Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Ciamis merencanakan untuk rnernindahkan permukiman nelayan Pangandaran dengan alasan permukiman nelayan tum pang tindih dengan kepentingan pariwisala. Berdasarkan kondisi di atas maka perlu dilakukan studi guna melihat berapa sumbangan pendapatan yang diterima oleh rumah tangga nelayan selain dari sub sektor perikanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya pendapatan rumah tangga nelayan gilinet di Kecamatan Pangandaran berdasarkan sumber pendapatan, komposisi pengeluaran rumah tangga nelayan gilinet di Kecamatan Pangandaran dan faktor-faklor yang mempengaruhi besarnya pendapatan rumah tangga nelayan gillnet. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode survai di Kecamatan Pangandaran, Kabupaten Ciamis, Propinsi Jawa Barat pada bulan Januari 1996. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode stratified random sampling. Stratifikasi yang diambil berdasarkan kepemilikan alat tangkap yaitu pemilik dan buruh.
Keyword: 

Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
Keyword: