Judul: Pengaruh Lamanya Waktu Sebelum Penempatan Ke Dalam Kandang Terhadap Performans Ayam Broiler
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Bagian Produksi Ternak Unggas, Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, selama tujuh minggu, mulai dari tanggal sembilan Februari sampai dengan tanggal 30 Maret 1983. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh lamanya waktu sebelum penempatan anak ayam broiler ke dalam kandang terhadap performans ayam broiler tersebut. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap, dengan lima macam perlakuan waktu penempatan yang dicobakan. Sebagai cuplikan digunakan 100 ekor anak ayam broiler strain "Hybro" dengan jenis kelamin campuran jantan dan betina. Untuk setiap perlakuan digunakan empat ulangan, dan setiap ulangan terdiri dari lima ekor anak ayam. Anak ayam tersebut ditempatkan pada petak kandang berukuran 1.00 m x 0,50 m x 0.75 m dengan menggunakan alas litter setebal 10 centimeter. Dari hasil analisa dan pembahasan dapat ditarik ke - simpulan bahwa lamanya waktu sebelum anak ayam ditempat- kan ke dalam kandang tidak memberikan perbedaan yang nyata terhadap pertambahan bobot badan, bobot badan pada akhir minggu penelitian, konversi ransum, konsumsi air minum dan "Income over feed and chick cost", Tetapi memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (P1 .05) terhadap konsumsi ransum. Selama penelitian berlangsung, terjadi kematian dari dua ekor ayam (mortalitas 2%). Dari segi "Income over feed and chick cost", penem patan anak ayam ke dalam kandang 60 jam setelah penetasan memberikan keuntungan yang terbaik.
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Judul: Pengaruh Pembatasan Waktu Makan pada Umur Tiga sampai Empat Minggu terhadap Performans Ayam Broiler
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan di kandang Jurusan Ilmu Nutrisi dan Makanan Ternak, Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, selama tujuh minggu mulai tanggal 8 Nopember sampai 26 Desember 1985. Tujuan penelitian adalah mempelajari pengaruh pembatasan waktu makan pada umur 3-4 minggu terhadap performans ayam broiler. Peubah yang diukur meliputi: bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi makanan, konsumsi air minum, konversi makanan per minggu dan selama tujuh minggu, mortalitas dan "income over feed and chick cost".
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Judul: Systematics of Desmos (Annonaceae) in Malesia
Abstrak: Desmos is a woody climbing genus of Annonaceae which has been widely used as traditional medicine in several countries such as China, Indo-China, Thailand, and Peninsular Malaysia to treat dysentery, vertigo, fever, and postpartum. Phylogenetic studies on Desmos showed a close relationship between Desmos and Dasymaschalon. They share similar moniliform monocarpic fruits, but their flowers are different. It has been debated among Annonaceae researchers whether both genera should be treated as the same or distinct genus. Therefore, investigation on the taxonomic delimitation of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon will be necessary. Plastid genome (plastome) identification, leaf epidermal section of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon species, a taxonomic revision of Desmos in Malesia using morphological data, the spatial distribution of Desmos species in Malesia, and morphological and genetic variation in Desmos chinensis population using ISSR marker were used to investigate taxonomic delimitation of Desmos. Plastome study of Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was carried out to determine the origin, evolution, phylogenomics, and identify marker candidates for Desmos and Dasymaschalon or with other genera in Annonaceae. We discovered that the plastome of Desmos chinensis was circular with the size of 167,677 bp (smaller than Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum), consist of 111 genes, including 78 protein-coding genes, 29 transfer RNAs, and 4 ribosomal RNAs. The plastome showed a typical quadripartite structure, i.e., large single copy (LSC), small single copy (SSC), and two inverted repeats (IRs). The plastome of Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was 191,488 bp in length, which also exhibited a typical quadripartite structure (LSC, SSC, and two IRs). Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum showed different copies of accD, ndhD, ndhF, rps18, and ycf2. Protein coding genes of rpoB, rpoC1, rbcL, matK, rpl32, infA, and rpl36 were identified based on nucleotide diversity, sequence variability, and parsimony-informative sites. The genes are defined as molecular marker candidates of plastome for phylogenetic, barcoding, and population genetic research. We predicted that Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum separated at ca. 64 million years ago during the Paleocene. Leaf anatomical feature study was carried to support the taxonomic delimitation of interspecific Desmos and intergeneric of Desmos and Dasymaschalon. Leaf anatomy in the paradermal section of 20 taxa (12 species of Desmos, eight species of Dasymaschalon) have been carried out. According to the leaf epidermal section, Desmos and Dasymaschalon are two distinct genera mainly distinguished based on the anticlinal wall undulation of epidermal cells and supported by variation of the crystal type and size. The anticlinal wall undulation of Desmos was almost straight to slightly wavy and never sinuous; meanwhile, Dasymaschalon varies from almost straight to deeply sinusoid. The crystals of Desmos consist of rhombohedral, druse type A, and druse type B crystals, whereas Dasymaschalon has prism, druse type A, druse type B, and druse type C crystals. The recent taxonomic revision using the morphological data was mainly based on the examination of about 1374 specimens from BO, L, WAN, ANDA, SING, SAN, K, P, HUH herbaria. The Desmos species in Malesia consists of eight species: D. acutus, D. chinensis, D. chryseus, D. dunalii, D. pedunculosus, D. subbiglandulosus, two new records: D. lawii and D. macrocarpus, and one
Keyword: Dasymaschalon, Desmoid clade, Magnoliid, plastid genome, phylogenomics analysis