Judul: penjakit  mati budjang dari tjengkeh
Abstrak: Already in 1936 AL advocated the extension of the culture of cloves in Indonesia by postulating the first theorem of his thesis: ''The importance of cloves in the industry of native cigarettes called" "kretek", is of such a nature that on account of this reason alone" "it would be remunerative to pay more attention to the culture of" "cloves in the Netherlands East India than has been the case up till" Previously, the Commissioner of State had mentioned in the National Assembly during a crisis-debate on February 10, 1932, that in trying out new sources of prosperity the culture of cloves might prove to be promising.
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Judul: An economic study of the linkages between the development of national cloves and kretek cigarettes industries
Abstrak: love is a unique and strategic commodity for Indonesian economy. It is unique because Indonesia is both the largest producing and consuming as well as importing country of cloves in the worl d. Cloves farming and kretek cigarettes industry play a very important role in the Indonesian economy due their capability of absorbing a lot of labor works. In general, the problem of Indonesian cloves industry is due to a re latively low price of cloves especially during peak harvest season, which is redu cing incentive for farmers to increase their farming productivity. On the other ha nd, continuity of clove as raw material is very important for the survival of kr etek cigarettes factory, since most of cloves needed come from domestic production and only around 25 percent supplied by world production. The objectives of this study are to analyze: (1) the linkages between national cloves and kr etek cigarettes industries and factors affecting them, (2) the development of cloves farming and its economic efficiency, and (3) the possibility of cooperation between cloves industry and kretek cigarettes industry to improve the performance of both industries in the future.
Keyword: Linkages, Cloves industry, Kretek cigarettes industry, Sinergistic cooperation, Kebijakan percengkehan nasional, Policy analysis matrix, Game theory, Sulawesi Utara

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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