Judul: Identifikasi Keragaman Gen Pituitary-Spesific Positive Transcription Factor 1 (Pit1|StuI) Exon 3 pada Sapi FH dengan Metode PCR-RFLP
Abstrak: Pituitary-Specific Positive Transcription Factor 1 (Pit1, POUIF1 or GHF1) gene is a member of the tissue-specific POU-containing transcription factor family. The expression of Pit1 in mammalian pituitary gland is to control the transcription of the genes encoding growth hormone, prolactin (PRL) and the subunits of thyroid-stimulating hormone. This study was aimed to identify polymorphism of the pituitary specific positive transcription factor 1 (Pit1) exon 3 gene in Holstein Friesian (HF) cattle. Total number of samples were 286 heads from BIB Lembang (14), BBIB Singosari (25), BPPT-SP Cikole (81), KPSBU Pasir Kemis (93), and KPSBU Cilumber (73) using PCR-RFLP method by StuI restriction enzyme. Genotyping the Pit1 exon 3 gene resulted in two alleles, namely A and C , with three genotypes, namely AA, AC, and CC. The average frequency of the C allele followed by HF cattle in five places was higher (0,916) than the A allele (0,084). CC genotype had the highest average frequency (0,874) than the AC genotype (0,084) and the AA genotype (0,042). Chi-Square analysis showed that HF from BBIB Singosari were in Hardy-Weinberg (HW) equilibrium (2 < 2(0,05)), contrast to HF from BPPT Cikole and KPSBU Pasir Kemis (2 > 2(0,05)) and HF in BIB Lembang and KPSBU Cilumber could not be calculated equilibrium HW. The average values of heterozigosity observation (Ho) for HF studied were under the values of heterozigosity expectation (He), therefore the genetic variation of the Pit1|StuI exon 3 gene was low in these cattles.
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Judul: Identifikasi Keragaman Gen Pituitary Specific Positive Transcription Factor1 (Pit1|Hinf1) pada Sapi Friesian Holstein di BIB Lembang, BBIB Singosari, dan BET Cipelang
Abstrak: Gene Pit-1 or POU1F1 or GHF1 is identified as the pituitary specific transcription factor that regulates the expression of the growth hormone (GH) and Prolactin (PRL) genes in the anterior pituitary. This study was aimed to identify polymorphism of the Pit1|Hinf1 gene from the collected DNA extraction by using Polymerase Chain Reaction – Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. A total of 89 dairy cattles, were used from BIB Lembang (17 hds), BBIB Singosari (32 hds), and BET Cipelang (40 hds). A totally number of 37 beef cattle that were used for a comparison, namely Simmental (12 hds), Limousin (14 hds), Angus (5 hds), and Brahman (5 hds) from BET Cipelang. Three genotypes were indentified, namely AA (611 bp), AB (611 bp, 367 bp, 244 bp) and BB (367 bp, 244bp), genotypes resulting two alleles namely A and B alleles. The frequency of the B allele was higher than that of A allele (B=0.625-0.794 vs A=0.206-0.375); meanwhile in beef cattle the frequencies of these two alleles were diverse by breeds. The Pit1 gene in dairy cattle and beef cattle of Simmental and Limousin was in an equilibrium (χ2calculation<χ2table), while those for Angus and Brahman could not be analized. The highest heterozygosity value of dairy cattle was found in population BET Cipelang, while in beef cattle the highest one was in Brahman. The conclusion was that Pit1|Hinf1 gene in HF cattle from BIB Lembang, BBIB Singosari, and BET Cipelang; as well as beef cattle from BET Cipelang were polymorphic.
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Judul: Persepsi Konsumen mengenai Desain Kemasan dalam Membentuk Citra Merek Sunshine Tea
Abstrak: Menjual suatu produk dibutuhkan komunikasi yang mampu menarik minat pasar, salah satunya dalam bentuk desain kemasan. Kemasan mampu membentuk persepsi konsumen untuk membelinya. Persepsi yang telah terbentuk dapat membantu meningkatkan atau menurunkan citra merek suatu produk. Hal tersebut yang menjadikan pelaku pemasaran termasuk UMKM perlu menaruh perhatian lebih untuk meningkatkan kualitas produk dengan kegiatan pengemasan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis persepsi konsumen tentang desain kemasan Sunshine Tea dalam membentuk citra merek. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif melalui metode survei dengan didukung data kualitatif sebagai pendukung. Sampel berjumlah 45 orang konsumen Sunshine Tea. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa untuk penyusunan elemen desain kemasan dilakukan secara sistematis dan menghasilkan persepsi konsumen tentang elemen desain kemasan pada produk yaitu sudah cukup sesuai dengan memiliki citra yang netral. Selain itu, elemen desain kemasan Sunshine Tea berupa ilustrasi dan bentuk secara signifikan berkorelasi dengan citra merek.
Keyword: Citra merek, desain kemasan, persepsi konsumen