Judul: Enrichment of Onggok-Polyacrylamide Superabsorbent by Mixing Superabsorbent with Urea-Starch.
Abstrak: Polimer superabsorben (SAP) berbahan dasar onggok disintesis dengan metode pencangkokan-penautan-silang yang telah dioptimasi menggunakan inisiator amonium persulfat, monomer akrilamida (Aam), dan penaut-silang N,N’- metilena bis-akrilamida. SAP disaponifikasi dengan NaOH 1 M untuk meningkatkan daya serapnya terhadap air. Pengayaan SAP dilakukan dengan mencampurkan urea-pati dengan SAP secara fisik dengan variasi komposisi 2:1, 3:1, dan 4:1. Keberhasilan sintesis dan saponifikasi SAP ditunjukkan oleh pita serapan khas onggok, Aam, dan anion karboksilat pada spektrum inframerah transformasi Fourier serta peningkatan daya serap SAP. Seluruh SAP yang telah diperkaya urea diaplikasikan dalam media air statis dengan selang waktu tertentu untuk melihat pola pelepasan urea terbaik. Campuran SAP dengan nisbah 2:1 memberikan pola pelepasan terbaik dengan waktu pelepasan optimum 4 hari, pelepasan nitrogen sebesar 41.13% (42.6187 ppm), dan laju pelepasan urea sebesar 0.8893 ppm/menit.
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Judul: Sintesis Superabsorben Onggok-Poliakrilat yang Diperkaya dengan Urea
Abstrak: Fertilizer-enriched superabsorbent polymer (SAP) could be used to help water savings, especially in dry areas, and improve the efficiency of fertilizer application compared with conventional method, stocking of fertilizer on the soil surface. In this research, several kinds of SAP were synthesized by grafting copolymerization of 40% neutralized acrylic acid with onggok (solid waste of tapioca factory) by using ammonium persulfate as initiator and by varying the amount of crosslinker N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide and urea added. Water absorption capacity of SAP before enrichment was 730.48 g/g with nitrogen content of 4.12%, and decreased after enriched by urea. For 0.025, 0.050, and 0.100 g of crosslinker, water absorption capacities were 293.38, 227.34, and 209.20 g/g and nitrogen contents were 17.99, 16.49, and 16.83%, respectively. Nitrogen release study of enriched SAP with 0.025 and 0.050 g of crosslinker showed nitrogen release of 6.29 and 7.35%, respectively while SAP with 0.100 g of crosslinker at the same time only released 23.92% of nitrogen. These results indicated that the amount of crosslinker greatly influenced the pattern of release of urea.
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Judul: Prevalence of Bird Lice on Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) in 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia
Abstrak: Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) have coexisted with humans for thousands of years and are used for various purposes such as food and in sports. Rock pigeons may have the potential to be infested with a wide range of ectoparasites, which can have a significant impact on their life cycle. This study aims to measure the prevalence of Columba livia with bird lice in 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia in the year 2020 and to ascertain the impact of bird lice on the health of these infested birds. Data were collected from clinical records for the month of January to December in the year 2020 from 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia. Lice were identified in 42 of the 80 Rock pigeons examined so, the overall prevalence of lice infestations was 52.5%. The prevalence of ectoparasites was found to be higher in young Rock pigeons (60.4%) as compared to adult Rock pigeons (37.4%). Columbicola columbae (wing lice) and Colpocephalum turbinatum (body lice) are two species of lice that have been detected. Body lice were more prevalent in young Columba livia birds at 47.6% whereas wing lice were more prevalent in adult Columba livia birds at 16.7%. Most of the lice were found in the thorax and abdomen area followed by the head and neck area., Merpati Batu (Columba livia) telah hidup berdampingan dengan manusia selama ribuan tahun dan digunakan untuk berbagai keperluan seperti makanan dan olahraga. Merpati batu dapat terinfestasi dengan berbagai ektoparasit, yang dapat berdampak signifikan pada siklus hidup mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi Columba livia dengan kutu burung di 99 Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia pada tahun 2020 dan untuk memastikan dampaknya terhadap kesehatan burung yang terinfestasi. Data dikumpulkan dari catatan klinis dari bulan Januari hingga Desember tahun 2020 dari 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia. Kutu diidentifikasi pada 42 dari 80 merpati batu yang diperiksa sehingga, prevalensi keseluruhan infestasi kutu adalah 52,5%. Prevalensi ektoparasit ditemukan lebih tinggi pada merpati batu muda (60,4%) dibandingkan dengan merpati batu dewasa (37,4%). Columbicola columbae (kutu sayap) dan Colpocephalum turbinatum (kutu badan) adalah dua spesies kutu yang telah ditemukan. Kutu badan lebih banyak ditemukan pada burung Columba livia muda sebesar 47,6% sedangkan kutu sayap lebih banyak ditemukan pada burung Columba livia dewasa sebesar 16,7%. Sebagian besar kutu ditemukan di daerah dada dan abdomen diikuti daerah kepala dan leher.
Keyword: Columba livia, prevalence, ectoparasite, wing lice, body lice, Columba livia, prevalensi, ektoparasit, kutu sayap, kutu badan