Judul: Endoskopi Laring, Esofagus, dan Lambung Proksimal pada Kucing Lokal (Felis catus)
Abstrak: Endoscopy is a sensitive diagnostic technique to detect mucosal disorders in various organs of the body. The aim of this study was to determine the normal appearance of the larynx, esophagus, and proximal stomach of an Indonesian Domestic House Cat and its characteristic by using endoscopic examination. Acclimatization and physical examination was performed before endoscopic examination. The larynx had a pale, smooth, and glistening mucosa with a unique anatomical structure. It moved symmetric billaterally. The cervical esophagus was characterized by the appearance of tracheal impression and few of blood vessels on mucosa wall whereas the thoracal esophagus is characterized by impression of the aorta, herringbone structure, and many of blood vessels on mucosa wall. The abdominal esophagus could be found the beneath esophageal spinchter. The gastric mucosa was pink, smooth, glistening, and had many of longitudinal and tranversal folds. Result showed that the larynx, esophagus, and stomach were observed at the scope depth of 8 ± 0.7 cm, 9 ± 0.7 cm, and 27.2 ± 1.4 cm respectively. Mucosal surface characteristics of the larynx, esophagus, and proximal stomach can be observed by using endoscopy. Each organ is different from colour and anatomical structure.
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Judul: Endoskop Fleksibel Untuk Pencitraan Permukaan Mukosa Laring, Esofagus, dan Lambung Anjing Lokal (Canis lupus)
Abstrak: Endoscopy is a diagnostic technique that is sensitive to mucosal disease in various organs, especially the digestive tracts. The aim of this study is describe the mucosa characteristics of normal larynx, esophagus, and stomach, using endoscopy combined with radiography. Acclimatization and physical examination were perfomed to ensure the dog is healthy condition for endoscopic evaluation. The results showed that, larynx, esophagus, and stomach can be observed at the scope depth of 9 cm, 13 cm, and 39.5 cm respectively. The larynx has a brownish color and the mucosal surface was pale. Cervical esophagus has spinchter with mucosa appeareance of pale yellowish brown and shiny. Thoracalis esophagus has many blood vessels vascularization in the submucosal layer, the mucosa wavy shape, and there is the impression of trachea and aorta of the heart. The spinchter abdominal esophagus has the ellipse wrinkles shape and a flat mucosa form. The stomach has a thick mucous folds, pink, shiny, and there was amount of mixed and foam mucosa. The charateristics of laryngeal mucosa, esophagus, and stomach vare well observed by endoscopy, furthermore combination of endoscopy and radiography ease in measuring distances scope.
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Judul: Penerapan Algoritme Genetika dalam Sistem Permainan Tebak Angka
Abstrak: The number guessing game is a modified game of mastermind created by Mordecai Meirowitz in 1970. The goal of the game is to guess a hidden sequence of numbers stored by others (human or computer) based on values obtained at each guess iteration. In this study, the game is applied into the system by using genetic algorithms, a method that has been successfully utilized to implement the mastermind game on the computer and get an effective solution for the game. Genetic algorithms work through a process of natural selection or commonly known as the evolutionary process, which will continue running until the system finds the optimal 4-digit series of numbers. The system is designed in order to guess those hidden numbers with minimal iterations using c++ programming language. The output of the program shows that the performance is determined by the first guess iteration.
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