Judul: Infeksi buatan white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) dan variasi genotipe lobster air tawar (Cherax quadricarinatus)
Abstrak: Viruses are very abundant in sea water and therefore diseases caused by viruses are common in marine organisms. Viral diseases create major problem for the commercial farming of crustaceans. One of the most common and most devastating viral pathogen threatening the shrimp farming industry is White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV), which is spreading around the world and also infecting many different species of crustaceans including unnatural host as freshwater crayfish. Redclaw, like other invertebrates, rely instead on innate immune responses, which is mediated by haemocytes and that mechanisms are very efficient and complex. The infecti vity of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) to redclaw (Cherax quadricarinatus) was artificially tested by immersion challenge and intramuscular injection along with hemogram analysis. The redclaw was found to be susceptible to White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV). The immersion method have the same impact as effective as intramuscular injection. Histopathological observations of various tissues of WSSV­infected redclaw showed similar symptoms to those from WSSV-infected penaeid shrimp. When redclaw still alive, the virus inclusion body only appearance in hepatopancreatocytes. For 24 h incubation period, the number of granulocytes by intramuscular injection was significantly higher than by immersion method as great as 58.08% and 43.31 % respectively. On the contrary, the number of hyalinocytes by immersion method was significantly higher than by intramuscular injection as big as 53.45% and 38.75%, respectively. These results indicate that WSSV has a significant effect to the population of redclaw haemocytes, where granulocytes are more resistant to and may interact by some means with the virus. Prawn Infective Doseso (PIDso) to kill 50% of the challenge redclaw was found on 10-2 virus fold dilution. DNA analysis with RFLP-mtDNA using HaeIII, Hind6I, HindlII, Rsal and Sacll restriction enzyme did not show genotype difference between the live and the dead ones.
Keyword: lobster tawar, Haemocytes, variasi genotipe, kualitas air

Judul: Survival of Vaname Shrimp Given Recombinant Viral Protein Inhibitor Through Feed With Different Frequency Against WSSV Infection
Abstrak: White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) merupakan patogen yang sangat sering menginfeksi udang. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji efektivitas rekombinan viral inhibitor protein (VIP) melalui pakan dengan frekuensi berbeda terhadap tingkat kelangsungan hidup udang vaname yang diuji tantang dengan WSSV. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Agustus-Oktober 2022 di Labroratorium Marikultur, analisis respons imun di Laboratorium Reproduksi dan Genetika Ikan, Departemen Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan secara eksperimental menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan empat perlakuan dengan lima ulangan untuk uji tantang. Parameter uji yang diukur yakni tingkat kelangsungan hidup (TKH), total haemocyte count (THC), dan aktivitas phenoloxidase (PO). Data diolah menggunakan Microsoft Excel 2010 dan dianalisis dengan analisis ragam (ANOVA). Hasil penelitian ini menunujukkan bahwa pemberian VIP dengan frekuensi setiap hari memberikan hasil terbaik setelah diinfeksikan dengan WSSV yang menghasilkan tingkat kelangsungan hidup mencapai 45,33% dibandingkan (P<0,05) kontrol positif yang memiliki tingkat kelangsungan hidup terendah yakni 9,33%., White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a pathogen that often infects shrimp. This study aims to test the effectiveness of recombinant viral inhibitor protein (VIP) by feeding with different frequencies on the survival rate of vannamei shrimp challenged with WSSV. This research was conducted in August-October 2022 at Mariculture Laboratory, immune response analysis at Fish Reproduction and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University. This research was carried out experimentally using a completely randomized design. The study was conducted using four treatments with five replications for the challenge test. The test parameters measured were survival rate (TKH), total haemocyte count (THC), and phenoloxidase (PO) activity. Data were processed using Microsoft Excel 2010 and analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results of this study showed that giving VIP with a daily frequency gave the best results after being infected with WSSV which resulted in a survival rate of 45.33% compared to (P<0.05) the positive control which had the lowest survival rate of 9.33%.
Keyword: lethal dose, recombinant, viral inhibitory protein, WSSV

Judul: Peranan Pemimpin Informal dalam Menggerakan Partisipasi Masyarakat  untuk Pembangunan Desa
Abstrak: Pendekatan pembangunan yang banyak diterima para ahli adalah pendekatan dari bawah ke atas (bottom up) yang berarti bahwa dalam pembangunan diperlukan keikutsertaan rakyat. Keikutsertaan tidak hanya pada tahap merencanakan pembangunan, akan tetapi juga ikut dalam melaksanakan, bahkan sampai pada menilai hasil-hasil pembangunan (Cohen dan Uphoe 1977; Dusseldorp, 1981; Slamet, 1993). Agar rakyat yang berhimpun dalam kelompok-kelompok dapat ikut serta, mereka harus memiliki sejumlah kualifikasi yang diperlukan untuk itu.
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