Judul: Pengaruh Konversi Lahan Pertanian terhadap Marjinalisasi Masyarakat Pedesaan (Studi Kasus: Desa Cihideung Ilir, Kecamatan Ciampea, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat).
Abstrak: Pengalihfungsian lahan atau biasa disebut konversi lahan merupakan suatu proses alih fungsi lahan khususnya dari lahan pertanian ke nonpertanian atau dari lahan nonpertanian ke lahan pertanian. Faktor penyebab dari konversi lahan dapat terbagi dua, yaitu faktor internal atau dari dalam dan faktor eksternal yang berasal dari luar. Dampak yang paling sering timbul di masyarakat akibat konversi lahan tersebut adalah ketidakadilan agraria. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor eksternal dan internal yang mendorong terjadinya konversi lahan pertanian, menganalisis laju, luas, jenis, dan pola konversi lahan pertanian, serta menganalisis pengaruh konversi lahan pertanian terhadap marjinalisasi masyarakat pedesaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif (metode survei) yang didukung oleh data kualitatif (wawancara mendalam). Jumlah responden dari penelitian ini adalah 34 responden. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan luas konversi lahan berada pada skala kecil, laju konversi lahan berada pada laju yang cepat, dan tingkat marjinalisasi berada pada tingkat rendah. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan tidak adanya pengaruh antara konversi lahan terhadap marjinalisasi masyarakat pedesaan.
Keyword: agraria, konversi lahan, marjinalisasi

Judul: Konversi Lahan Pertanian dan Sikap Petani di Desa Cihideung Ilir Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: This study showed that the patterns of conversion is mostly occurs rapidly and by switching control to others. Converted lands generally used for housing. Factors affecting land conversion can be categorized into internal factors such as urgent economic needs and the desire to change the fate, and external factors such as population growth and government policies. The impact of land conversion on the socioeconomic conditions consist of reduced rice yield, decreased farmers’s income, reduced household food security, reduced employment opportunities in agriculture, farmers’s limited access to agricultural land, and others. However there are positive impact as well, that is construction of housing may indicate the development of rural economy. The attitude of farmers to conversion of agricultural land has no relation to the characteristics of the respondents including gender, age, educational level, farm employment status, number of dependents in the family, income level, as well as broad and land tenure.
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Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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