Judul: Pengelolaan Pemangkasan Tanaman Teh (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) Di Perkebunan Patuahwattee, PT. Smart,Tbk., Bandung, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Pemangkasan merupakan salah satu kegiatan pemeliharaan tanaman the periode menghasilkan (TM). Tindakan pemangkasan tanaman merupakan usaha memanipulasi pertumbuhan perdu untuk menjaga kesinambungan produktivitas serta peningkatan produksi dan mutu teh. Untuk mencapai kesinambungan produktivitas serta peningkatan produksi dan mutu teh diperlukan pengelolaan pemangkasan yang baik.
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Judul: Pengelolaan Pemangkasan Teh (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) di Perkebuuan Cimaragang PT. Sankawaugi (PT. Astra Agro Lestari Tbk.) Bandung, Jawa Barat.
Abstrak: Kegiatan magang ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari aspek pengelolaan pemangkasan teh, baik aspek teknis maupun manajemen yang dilaksanakan di perkebunan, serta meneari alternatif pemeeahan masalah yang mungkin ditemukan terutama masalah dalam pemangkasan. Magang dilaksanakan selama empat bulan, mulai bulan Februari hingga Juni 2001 di Perkebunan Cimaragang PT. Sankawangi (pT. Astra Agro Lestari Tbk.), Bandung, Jawa Barat. Metode yang digunakan adalah keIja aktif dengan mengikuti kegiatan yang ada di kebun serta melakukan pengumpulan data primer dan data sekunder. Mahasiswa bekerja seeara langsung sebagai karyawan dan melakukan kegiatan yang ada di kebun sesuai jadwal kegiatan yang telah disusun. Kegiatan teknis lapangan yang diikuti mahasiswa selama magang ini meliputi pembibitan, pemeliharaan tanaman menghasilkan yang terdiri dari pengendalian gulma, pengendalian hama dan penyakit, pemupukan, dan pemangkasan serta pemetikan. Pemangkasan merupakan salah satu kegiatan pemeJiharaan pada tanaman menghasilkan. Dengan dilakukannya pemangkasan maka tanaman teh akan dibentuk menjadi perdu yang memiliki bidang petik yang luas sehingga teh dapat dipetik dengan mudah dan diperoleh jumJah pueuk yang banyak Jenis pangkasan yang dilakukan di Perkebunan Cimaragang adalah pangkasan produksi dengan tipe pangkasan bersih. Tinggi pangkasan yang digunakan berkisar 45 em - 65 em dari atas permukaan tanah. Perkebunan Cimaragang yang terJetak pada ketinggian 1 200 - 1 884 m dpl menggunakan gilir pangkas 4 - 5 tahun. N amun, dalam pelaksanaannya di lapang gilir pangkas menjadi lebih panjang atau lebih pendek dari ketentuan seharusnya.
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Judul: Seroprevalence of Chikungunya and The Risk of Transmission Transmitted Among Blood Donors In Sulawesi-Indonesia
Abstrak: Chikungunya (CHIK) is an arthritogenic alphavirus in the Togaviridae family of arboviruses with an enveloped RNA containing a positive single-stranded 11.8 kb genome. Transmission occurs through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes, which are commonly found in tropical and temperate regions. Primary vertebrate hosts include monkeys and humans, in whom this virus replicates efficiently (Diallo et al. 1999). Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is known for causing acute illness, manifesting with fever, rash, and arthralgia known as Chikungunya fever (Horwood dan Buchy 2015). Despite the high number of Chikungunya cases in Indonesia, comprehensive data are lacking in CHIKV seroprevalence. Previous studies reported the median seroprevalence of anti-CHIKV antibodies in all situations 18.5%, ranging from 0.0 – 73.% (Harapan et al., 2019). However, the gap in epidemiological data of CHIKV in many regions of Indonesia including Sulawesi, is noteworthy. The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of CHIKV infection among healthy individuals from North and South Sulawesi using archive samples. Additionally, an asymptomatic course of CHIKV infection and the high pre-symptomatic viral load as 108pfu/mL (Appassakij et al. 2013) suggest that the infection can threaten blood transfusion safety. Evidence of CHIKV infection among blood donors (Simmons et al. 2016) indicates transfusion-transmitted is probable, although it has not been documented (Petersen dan Epstein 2014). Our study also aimed to test the archive blood donor specimens from North Sulawesi for CHIKV IgM and viremia to determine blood safety in endemic areas. Samples were screened for anti-CHIKV IgG antibodies to determine exposure to CHIKV using an in-house IgG ELISA as previously described (Kosasih et al. 2013) with minor modifications. CHIKV IgM, a marker for recent infection and endemicity, was tested in 303 samples randomly selected from IgG-positive samples using a Euroimmun anti-CHIKV IgM ELISA kit (Luebeck, Germany) following the manufacturer’s instructions. CHIKV RNA detection was carried out using one-step-qRT-PCR. The data generated were analyzed with IBM-SPSS v20 (IBM Corporation, USA). Chi-square (χ2) test to determine significant differences between categorical variables, and a p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. As many as 1092 serum and plasma samples were analyzed, with CHIK IgG seropositivity at 53.48% (584/1092). The results also show a statistically significant difference in the seropositive rates based on gender (58.8% male and 48.5% female) and region (53.9% South Sulawesi versus 48.7% North Sulawesi). Seropositivity increased with age; approximately half of adults between their 40s and 60s had seroconverted. Most of the participants, 304 (27.8%), were between 21-30 years. The age groups with the least participants were those >60 years and <20 years, with 93 participants each (8.5%), followed by the 51–60-years age group with 142 (13.0%) participants. In addition to IgG, the overall anti-CHIKV IgM seropositivity comprised 12.9% (39/303). A Chi-square analysis shows a statistical significance of anti-CHIKV IgM seropositivity based on gender and region with p-values (p=0.047 and p=0.038, respectively). On the contrary, there was no significant difference in anti-CHIK IgM based on age. The age group with the most participants was the 21-30 years with 19.3% (16/83), while those with the least participants were those >60 years. The current study
Keyword: Chikungunya, Serosurvey, Sulawesi, Blood donors, ELISA, qRT-PCR.