Judul: The Impact of Weather Variability on the Livelihood of Smallholder Salt Farmers (Case Study: Rawa Urip Village, Pangenan District, Cirebon Regency)
Abstrak: Kejadian cuaca ekstrim berupa curah hujan tinggi yang melanda Kabupaten Cirebon terutama di Desa Rawa Urip merupakan wujud dari adanya variabilitas cuaca. Kondisi ini mengakibatkan penurunan hasil produksi garam yang berimbas pada penurunan pendapatan usahatani garam, sehingga petani garam diharuskan mampu beradaptasi. Adaptasi yang dilakukan berbeda sesuai kemampuan yang mereka miliki dan berpengaruh terhadap keberlanjutan penghidupan petani garam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) membandingkan pendapatan petani garam akibat variabilitas cuaca di Desa Rawa Urip Kabupaten Cirebon, (2) menganalisis livelihood asset petani garam rakyat di Desa Rawa Urip Kabupaten Cirebon, (3) menganalisis bentuk mekanisme adaptasi petani garam rakyat dalam menghadapi variabilitas cuaca. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis pendapatan dan uji t berpasangan, analisis livelihood assets, dan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan pendapatan petani garam pada saat kondisi normal dan variabilitas cuaca. Pendapatan saat kondisi variabilitas cuaca lebih rendah dibandingkan saat kondisi normal. Modal aset yang mendominasi pada lokasi penelitian ini yaitu modal sosial, sementara modal finansial merupakan modal aset yang paling rendah. Adaptasi yang banyak dilakukan petani garam dalam menghadapi variabilitas cuaca berupa adaptasi sosial dengan mengandalkan pinjaman kepada kerabat, mengandalkan kiriman keluarga, meminjam uang ke anggota kelompok tani, serta mengandalkan pinjaman ke tetangga., Extreme weather events in the form of high rainfall that hit Cirebon Regency, especially in Rawa Urip Village, are a manifestation of weather variability. This condition results in a decrease in salt production which has an impact on the decline in salt farming income, so salt farmers are required to be able to adapt. The adaptations carried out are certainly different according to their abilities and affect the sustainability of the livelihood of salt farmers. This study aims to (1) compare the income of salt farmers due to weather variability in Rawa Urip Village, Cirebon Regency, (2) analyze the livelihood assets of smallholder salt farmers in Rawa Urip Village, Cirebon Regency, (3) analyze the form of adaptation mechanism of smallholder salt farmers in facing weather variability. The methods used in this study are income analysis and paired t-test, livelihood assets analysis, and quantitative descriptive analysis. The results of the study showed that there was a difference in the income of salt farmers during normal conditions and weather variability. Revenue during weather variability conditions is lower than during normal conditions. The asset capital that dominates in this research location is social capital, while financial capital is the lowest asset capital. The adaptation that many salt farmers make in dealing with weather variability is in the form of social adaptation by relying on loans to relatives, relying on family remittances, borrowing money from farmer group members, and relying on loans to neighbors.
Keyword: adaptasi, pendapatan, livelihood assets, uji t berpasangan

Judul: Impact of Climate Variability on Adaptation Strategies and Rice Farming Income (Case Study: Katulampa Village, Bogor City)
Abstrak: Variabilitas iklim yang terjadi di Katulampa berupa intensitas curah hujan yang tinggi, perubahan pola curah hujan dan serangan organisme pengganggu tanaman dapat menjadi ancaman bagi petani padi karena dapat berimbas pada pendapatan usahatani padi. Dampak variabilitas iklim yang besar memerlukan upaya strategi adaptasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) menganalisis persepsi petani terhadap variabilitas iklim; (2) mengestimasi perubahan pendapatan petani padi akibat variabilitas iklim; (3) mengidentifikasi strategi adaptasi yang dilakukan oleh petani dalam menghadapi variabilitas iklim; dan (4) menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi biaya adaptasi petani. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif, skala Likert, analisis pendapatan usahatani dan metode regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi petani padi terhadap variabilitas iklim dan kerugian ekonomi cukup beragam. Variabilitas iklim menyebabkan perubahan rata-rata produktivitas dengan selisih sebesar 34%. Rata rata biaya adaptasi terbesar dilakukan oleh kelompok luas lahan >0,6 Ha. Faktor faktor yang memengaruhi biaya adaptasi yaitu variabel luas lahan dan variabel lama bertani, The climate variability that occurs in Katulampa, particularly high rainfall intensity, rainfall pattern change and attack of plant pests, will threaten rice farmers in terms of affecting rice farmers’ income. Therefore, impact of climate variability requires adaptation strategies. The objectives of this research are to: (1) analyze farmers perceptions of climate variability, (2) estimate changes in rice farmersincome due to climate variability (3) identify forms of adaptation strategies carried out by farmers in dealing with climate variability, (4) analyze factors that affect adaptation costs farmer. This research uses descriptive analysis, Likert scale, farm income analysis and multiple linear regression methods. The results showed that rice farmers perceptions of climate variability and economic losses were quite diverse. Climate variability causes a decrease in average productivity of 34%. The largest average adaptation cost was carried out by the land area group > 0.6, namely the cost of adaptation is carried out by the land area group > 0,6. Factors that affect adaptation costs are land area and duration of farming.
Keyword: analisis pendapatan, curah hujan, Katulampa, persepsi, regresi linier berganda, income analysis, Katulampa, multiple linear regression, perception, rainfall

Judul: Penggunaan Teorema Homeomorphy 2-Manifold dan Teorema Euler Poincare pada Torus 𝑇�� dan Simplicial Complex 𝐾��
Abstrak: Two dimensional topological spaces are said to be homeomorphic if they have the same topological invariant, where one of topological invariant used is an Euler characteristic. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem and Euler Poincare’s Theorem are used to distinguish two topological spaces. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem uses Euler characteristic to identify two dimensional topological spaces. Euler Poincare’s Theorem is an alternative way to find Euler characteristic with Betti number, which is topological invariant as well. The objective of this paper is to investigate the homeomorphism of torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾�����. Topological space torus and simplicial complex 𝐾����� have the same Euler characteristic, which is two. Based on Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem topological space torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾����� is homeomorphic.
Keyword: simplicial, torus, Euler, homeomorphism, topology