Judul: Pengaruh Kelekatan dan Pola Asuh Spiritual Orang Tua terhadap Karakter Remaja SMP Laki-Laki dan Perempuan.
Abstrak: Kondisi karakter remaja saat ini mengalami penurunan yang terlihat dari banyaknya remaja melakukan tindakan buruk seperti tawuran, penggunaan narkoba, minuman keras, kecanduan game online, hingga menonton pornografi. Perilaku yang tidak berkarakter tersebut terjadi antara lain sebagai akibat dari kurangnya peran pengasuhan orang tua. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik remaja, keluarga, kelekatan dan pola asuh spiritual orang tua terhadap karakter remaja. Sebanyak 84 siswa di salah satu SMPN di Kota Bogor yang terdiri atas 37 laki-laki dan 47 perempuan terpilih menjadi responden menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Data dianalisis dengan analisis deskriptif, uji independent t-test, uji korelasi dan uji regresi. Pengambilan data menggunakan teknik self-report dengan bantuan kuesioner. Kelekatan orang tua-remaja masih terkategori rendah sedangkan pola asuh spiritual orang tua dan karakter remaja sudah dapat dikategorikan tinggi. Remaja perempuan memiliki kelekatan, pola asuh spiritual orang tua dan karakter yang lebih baik dibandingkan remaja laki-laki. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa kelekatan dan pola asuh spiritual orang tua menjadi faktor penting yang signifikan dan positif yang memengaruhi karakter remaja SMP.
Keyword: karakter remaja, kelekatan, pola asuh spiritual

Judul: Pengaruh Kelekatan Orang Tua danTeman Sebaya serta Tingkat Religiusitas Remaja terhadap Karakter Remaja Muslim Perkotaan
Abstrak: Hubungan lekat pada orang tua dan teman sebaya merupakan proses penting dalam perkembangan remaja termasuk perkembangan karakter. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik remaja, keluarga, kelekatan orang tua dan teman sebaya, serta tingkat religiusitas remaja terhadap karakter remaja. Penelitian menggunakan metode explanatory study dengan pendekatan survei yang dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 10 Kota Bogor, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini melibatkan 98 responden siswa yang terdiri atas 42 laki-laki dan 56 perempuan yang dipilih secara proportional stratified cluster random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 70-80 persen remaja memiliki kelekatan orang tua aman, tetapi hanya 59 persen remaja yang memiliki kelekatan aman dengan teman sebaya. Selain itu, sebanyak 80 persen remaja memiliki tingkat religiusitas remaja terkategori sedang dan 54 persen remaja memiliki karakter yang terkategori tinggi. Penelitian menemukan bahwa kelekatan orang tua dan kelekatan teman sebaya tidak berpengaruh terhadap tingkat religiusitas dan karakter remaja tetapi menunjukkan hubungan positif signifikan dengan keduanya. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa hanya variabel tingkat religiusitas remaja yang konsisten menunjukkan hubungan serta pengaruh, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung terhadap karakter remaja pada seluruh dimensinya.
Keyword: character, level of religiosity, parental attachment, peer attachment, teenager

Judul: Extracellular Expression of thermostable Geobacillus stearothermophilus T1.2RQ Lipase for Biodiesel Production
Abstrak: The extracellular expression of enzymes in an excellent secretion host such as Bacillus subtilis is a useful strategy for making enzymes of industrial significance more affordable by lowering the cost of its downstream processing. Lipases are a category of hydrolases that catalyze the hydrolysis of triglycerides to glycerol and free fatty acids. Also, lipases catalyze the hydrolysis and transesterification of other esters as well as the synthesis of esters. They can perform very specific biotransformation reactions and are widely used in food, organic synthesis, detergents, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Geobacillus stearothermophilus T1.2RQ lipase is an industrially-desired thermostable lipolytic enzyme with an excellent hydrolytic and transesterification activity. This study aimed to express T1.2RQ lipase, in B. subtilis WB800 and ensure its secretion into the extracellular medium. Three signal peptides (AmyQ, Epr, LipA) and two promoters (Pgrac01 and Pgrac100) were used in the secretory-expression of T1.2RQ lipase, based on five constructed expression vectors constructed by restriction cloning and PCR mutagenesis. Sangers sequencing was used to verify constructs to ensure they are in the correct reading frame. Recombinants vectors, pHT43 (plasmid control), pHT43-T1.2RQ, pHT43- T1.2RQ_AmyQ, pHT43-T1.2RQ_Epr, and pHT43-T1.2RQ_LipA, were transformed by electroporation into Bacillus subtilis WB800. The electroporation was successful with the optimum condition of 2500V, 200 ohms, 25µF, and 5milliseconds. Recombinant B. subtilis pHT43 (negative control) and pHT43-T1.2RQlip + signal peptides were streaked on the lipidic agar, LA+TBN. All four recombinants, including the negative control (B. subtilis WB800-pHT43), produced clear zones on the TBN agar plate after overnight incubation (fig 2), indicating the presence of a lipolytic enzyme in all of the recombinant B. subtilis cells. pHT43-T1.2RQlip + signal peptides (AmyQ, Epr, and LipA) have clear zones with significantly higher diameters than B. subtilis WB800-pHT43 (negative control). This phenomenon suggests that the recombinant thermostable lipase T1.2RQ introduced into these cells was successfully expressed, thereby increasing the lipolytic capability of its host cells T1.2RQ lipase was expressed in 50ml terrific broth medium (TB) and the expression induced with 1mM IPTG. Lipase activity assay using p-nitrophenyl esters showed that all three signal peptides directed the secretion of T1.2RQ lipase into the extracellular medium. Signal peptide, LipA, resulted in the highest extracellular activity of 5.6 U/mL, which corresponds to a 6-fold increase over the parent B. subtilis WB800 strain. Meanwhile, signal peptides, AmyQ and Epr produced 4.2 U/mL and 3.4 U/mL activity respectively. SDS-Zymogram analysis confirmed that T1.2RQ lipase was correctly processed and secreted in its original size of 44 kDa. An attempt to further increase lipase expression level by promoter optimization showed that, contrary to expectation, promoter Pgrac100 exhibited similar expression levels as the original Pgrac01. Nevertheless, the demonstration of the successful secretion of T1.2RQ lipase in this work confirms the latter as a promising approach for the industrial production of the enzyme
Keyword: Bacillus subtilis, Expression, Extracellular, Heterologous, Lipase, Thermostable