Judul: Postharvest Character Study of Tanduk Banana (Musa paradisiaca, Group AAB) for Optimization of Heat Unit as a Measurable Harvest Criterion
Abstrak: Pisang, selain menjadi bahan pangan, memiliki arti yang penting bagi Indonesia karena memiliki nilai budaya dan sosio-ekonomi. Pisang memiliki keunggulan sebagai komoditas yang relatif mudah dan murah untuk dibudidayakan. Buah pisang mudah diolah dan dikonsumsi oleh rumah tangga. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk menilai ketepatan umur panen berdasarkan hari setelah antesis (HSA) yang dikonversi ke satuan panas sebagai kriteria panen terukur untuk pisang Tanduk. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Sukamantri, Bogor, Jawa Barat pada ketinggian 550 meter di atas permukaan laut sejak bulan Januari 2020 hingga Mei 2020. Pengujian kualitas pascapanen pisang Tanduk dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Pascapanen, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor hingga bulan Agustus 2020. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 5 ulangan untuk menguji 5 umur panen: 50, 55, 60, 65, dan 70 HSA. Umur panen tersebut setara dengan akumulasi satuan panas: 965, 1067, 1134, 1201, dan 1297 ˚C hari. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan umur panen tidak mempengaruhi umur peram, kualitas fisik, dan kualitas kimia buah pisang Tanduk, kecuali susut bobot buah., Banana, aside from being a food ingredient, is important to Indonesia because it has cultural and socio-economic value. Banana has the advantage of being a commodity that is relatively easy and inexpensive to be cultivated. The fruit is not difficult to be processed and consumed by the household. This research is done to evaluate the accuracy of harvest using days after anthesis (DAA) converted into heat unit as the measurable harvest criteria for Horn banana. The experiment was carried out in Sukamantri Experimental Plantation, Bogor, West Java at an altitude of 550 m above sea level from January 2020 to May 2020. Postharvest quality testing of Horn bananas was carried out in Postharvest Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Agricultural Faculty, IPB University until August 2020. This research was conducted in a completely randomized design with 5 replications to test 5 harvest ages: 50, 55, 60, 65, and 70 DAA. Those harvest ages are equivalent to the accumulated heat unit of: 965, 1067, 1134, 1201, and 1297 ˚C day. Experimental results show that difference in harvest age did not affect storage life, physical qualities, and chemical qualities, except for fruit weight loss.
Keyword: antesis, hari setelah antesis, pascapanen, susut bobot, umur peram, anthesis, days after anthesis, post-harvest, storage life, weight loss

Judul: Optimization of Heat Unit as the Measurable Harvest Criteria of Tanduk Banana (Musa eumusa AAB)
Abstrak: Konsumen dalam membeli pisang mempertimbangkan kualitas fisik dan kualitas kimia. Umur panen yang tepat perlu diperhatikan untuk menghasilkan buah yang berkualitas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengkaji akumulasi satuan panas yang tepat sebagai kriteria panen terukur pisang Tanduk serta pengaruhnya terhadap mutu fisik dan kimia pada tingkat kematangan pascapanen yang sama. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Sukamantri, Bogor, Jawa Barat dan Laboratorium Pascapanen, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor sejak bulan Desember 2021 sampai April 2022. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 3 ulangan untuk menguji 7 umur panen: 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100 hari setelah antesis (HSA). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan pisang Tanduk yang dipanen pada umur panen 70-100 HSA di Kebun Percobaan Sukamantri dengan satuan panas 1035-1444 ˚C hari tidak mempengaruhi komponen produksi, komponen fisik, laju repirasi, dan kualitas kimia pada tingkat kematangan pascapanen yang sama kecuali PTT dan rasio PTT/ATT., Consumers in buying bananas consider the physical quality and chemical quality. Proper harvest age needs to be considered to produce quality fruit. Proper harvest age needs to be considered to produce quality fruit. This research was conducted to examine the accumulation of appropriate heat units as a measurable harvest criterion of Tanduk banana and its effect on physical and chemical quality at the same postharvest maturity. The experiment was carried out at the Sukamantri Experimental Garden, Bogor, West Java and the Postharvest Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University from December 2021 to April 2022. This experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with 3 replications to test 7 harvest ages: 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100 days after anthesis (DAA). The experimental results showed that the Tanduk banana harvested at 70-100 DAA at the Sukamantri Experimental Garden with a unit heat of 1035-1444 ˚C day did not affect the production components, physical components, respiration rate, and chemical quality at the same postharvest maturity. except PTT and PTT/ATT ratio.
Keyword: Anthesis, Heat unit, Postharvest, Respiration rate, Storage life

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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