Judul: Aerial Image Processing with Image Stitching and Georeferencing Techniques for Land Mapping
Abstrak: Salah satu cara untuk mengelola sumberdaya lahan baik pada bidang pertanian, perkebunan, maupun pemukiman adalah dengan melakukan pemantauan dari citra udara menggunakan teknologi drone. Pada penelitian ini drone yang digunakan untuk mengambil citra udara adalah DJI Mavic Air. Citra udara diambil dari ketinggian 100 meter dengan sudut kamera tegak lurus ke bawah (-90°). Tiap citra harus terdapat bagian yang beririsan dengan citra sekelilingnya sekitar 60% untuk dapat disambungkan menggunakan aplikasi Image Composite Editor (ICE). Setelah itu, citra gabungan dilakukan georeferensi untuk memasukkan informasi koordinat geografis ke dalam citra. Titik koordinat ini diperoleh dari metadata lokasi GPS yang direkam pada tiap citra. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah citra udara gabungan yang sudah memiliki informasi geografis, sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan untuk aplikasi GIS selanjutnya., One way to manage land resources such as in agriculture, plantation, and urban area is from aerial imagery using drone technology. In this study, we used Dji Mavic Air to take aerial images. They are taken from a height of 100 meters with the camera angle pointed straight downward (-90°). Each image must intersect with the other surrounding images of about 60% to be successfully connected using the Image Composite Editor (ICE) application. After that, the combined image is georeferenced to insert the geographical coordinates information into the image. These coordinate points are obtained from the GPS location metadata that is recorded on each image. The result is a combined aerial image that has geographic information and can be processed further using GIS applications.
Keyword: aerial image, drone, georeferencing, image stitching, land mapping

Judul: Data Analysis Drone to Build a Digital Terrain Model (DTM)
Abstrak: Drone merupakan salah satu alternatif teknologi baru untuk bidang pemetaan, karena dapat menghasilkan foto udara skala besar, cepat mendapatkan data, dan mampu menjangkau area pemotretan yang agak luas. Foto udara yang dihasilkan sangat bermanfaat untuk analisis geospasial, antara lain dapat menghasilkan data DEM yang dapat digunakan untuk analisis bentanglahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis data DEM dari foto udara drone yang dirubah menjadi data DTM melalui tiga metode berbeda, yaitu Terrain filter, ICP, dan ITR, serta aplikasinya untuk pemetaan lereng. Langkah penelitian melalui beberapa tahap, yaitu pengumpulan data berupa foto udara drone, pengolahan data hingga menghasilkan DTM, dan analisis serta aplikasi data DTM untuk pemetaan lereng. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kenampakan hillshade dari metode Terrain filter dan ICP sangat sesuai dengan gambar orthophoto mosaic kecuali dari metode ITR. Untuk profil melintang menunjukkan bahwa ketiga metode menghasilkan tampilan grafis topografi yang mendekati kondisi di lapangan. Adapun melalui analisis korelasi didapatkan bahwa DTM Terrain filter dan DTM ITR memiliki korelasi positif yang kuat dengan DTM ICP yaitu berturut-turut sebesar 0.9604 dan 0.8967. Untuk pemetaan lereng (data kontinyu) menunjukkan bahwa ketiga metode mampu memperlihatkan perubahan lereng yang rinci seperti pada galengan sawah. Sementara itu pada peta kelas lereng interval, DTM hasil Terrain filter menghasilkan tujuh kelas lereng dan dari metode ICP dan ITR menghasilkan enam kelas lereng. Berdasarkan pola sebaran kelas lereng interval ini, data DTM dari metode ICP lebih memberikan pola sebaran yang mendekati kenampakan pada orthophoto mosaic dibandingkan yang lain., Drones are one of the new technological alternatives for mapping, because they can produce large-scale aerial photographs, are able to obtain data fastly, and are able to cover a rather wide shooting area. The resulting aerial photographs and derived DEM are very useful for geospatial analysis, such as for landscape analysis. This study aims to produce DTM data from drone’s aerial photographs through three different methods, namely Terrain filter, ICP, and ITR, and its application for slope mapping. The research steps took several stages, namely data collection (in the form of drone aerial photographs), data processing (to produce DTM), and DTM data analysis for slope mapping. The results showed that the hillshade derived from Terrain filter and ICP methods was very compatible with the orthophoto mosaic image except from the ITR method. The transverse profile from hillshade shows that the three methods were able to produce good topographic expression close to the field conditions. As for the correlation analysis, it was found that the DTM Terrain filter and DTM ITR had a strong positive correlation with DTM ICP, respectively 0.9604 and 0.8967. Slope mapping (in the form of continuous slope) shows that the three methods were able to show detailed slope changes such as in rice field dyke (galengan). Meanwhile, on the interval slope class map the results were somewhat different, where the DTM Terrain filter produced seven slope classes but the ICP and ITR methods produced six slope classes. Based on the slope distribution pattern, only the DTM from the ICP method provided a slope distribution pattern that was closer to the orthophoto mosaic appearance.
Keyword: Drone, DTM, Orthophoto mosaic, Terrain Filter, Independent Check  Point, Interpolasi Topo to Raster, Cianjur

Judul: Mud Crab’s (Scylla serrata Forskal 1775) Response to Different Decaying Level of Gold Snail (Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck 1822) Bait.
Abstrak: Mud crab is well known as omnivorous-vigorous-voracious-opportunistic-scavenger. These intertidal animals applies mainly chemoreception in their predatory behaviour. It has been commonly assumed that non fresh gold snail bait is better than fresh bait in stimulating the mud crab. This research's aim is to analyze mud crab response to different decaying level of gold snail bait. Their response were observed as time required to touch the bait and pattern and direction of the mud crab in approaching the baits. The different decaying level of gold snail baits were shown on Total Volatile Base Nitrogen (TVBN) as 16.3 mg/100g (0 day); 534.1 mg/100g (3 days); and 887.4 mg/100g (6 days). The research was conducted from July 2009 until February 2011. The TVBN test for gold snail baits were conducted at Laboratory of BBPPHP Jakarta. The experiment was conducted in Pemalang. The result showed that the average period of mud crabs to touch the baits were 52.14 minutes; 61.57 minutes and 52.57 minutes. Anova test concluded no sufficient evidence of significant effect of TVBN content of gold snail bait on mud crab’s feeding behaviour. Movement pattern B, i.e. left and right deviation followed by straight forward movement to the bait, was commonly exhibited by the crabs. Consequences of time period required by the mud crab to approach the bait on fishing operation is discussed.
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