Judul: Process-Based Modelling of Growth and Carbon Sequestration of Young Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.)
Abstrak: The objectives of the research are : 1 ) To understand the processes in phenology, growth, and water balance of teak and its interaction with environmental factors, as the basis for designing quantitative relationships in modelling activity, 2) To caiibrate a process-based model that can describe the relationship between teak growth and soil water availability, 3) To predict the carbon sequestration of teak. The research consists of a modelling project and a field experiment to obtain model parameters. The model consists of three sub-models, 1.e. development, growth, and soil water balance. The objective of the mdel is to simulate teak growth, development and carbon sequestration as affected by soil moisture regime and weather variables. The model predicts individual teak growth, development and carbon sequestration on a daily time step. The field experiment was conducted for two years in Jakarta, with three levels of irrigation: control (0) , 7 and 14 mm day-' to reflect varymg seasonal water regime. The measurements included pheno fogy,i. e. : leaf emergence and drop, growth, i. e. : biomass production, arbon content, w d density, stem height diameter and volume, leaf number and leaf area index, climate variabies, i.e. : rainfall and solar radiation, and soil water content. The climatological data to run the model was obtained from the Climatological Station at Pondok Betung, Tangerang, Province of Banten, Indonesia. The results show that soil water availability affected teak development and growth. Leaf emerged regularly after reaching a thermal unit of 265 dd in the nonwater deficit condition. Leaf dropped regularly in wet and dry seasons after reaching a thermal unit of 460 dd. Water deficit inhibited leaf emergence and fasten leaf drop for the plants that always received excessive water input. Water deficit reduced biomass production, stem diameter and height, stem volume, light use efficiency. leaf number and leaf area index. Water availability did not affect carbon sequestration by teak. The excessive of water tended to reduce wood density. As water deficit affected growth and development, biomass prduction in the model was corrected by a water availability factor. The water availability factor used in this model is the ratio of actual and maximum transpiration. The process-based model built in this research can describe the dynamics of early growth stage of teak especially for leaf emergence, stem diameter, height, wood volume and soil moisture content. The model is sensitive to water availability but still cannot describe adequately the dynamics of biomass and carbon content, leaf area index and number. The water availability factor is not enough to describe it. The mdel needs to be improved and validated with a different data set.
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Judul: Model Rantai Nilai Kayu Jati (Tectona Grandis L.F) di Kesatuan Pemangkuan Hutan Bojonegoro Perum Perhutani Unit Ii Jawa Timur
Abstrak: Deforestation affects directly to teak timber trading development. To improve teak timber enterprising, market information play important role to define teak wood price. Therefore, we should pay attention to forest sustainability due to its influence to the market. For that reason, it is necessary to study trading system and wood business in Indonesia which is profitable and no destructing forest that may affect its market. One of the alternative studies is to search the value sequence of teak wood trading from production process, marketing, to teak wood business. The aim of this study is to know the value sequence of teak wood, to analyze the accretion value where the actors obtain in the value sequence of teak wood, to know factors that support and restruct teak wood trading development, to arrange value sequence model of teak wood, and to make scenario of alternative policy for actors in the value sequence of teak wood system. This study was carried out on February – July 2007. The primary data was collected by interviewing or discussion with the actors who involve in every sequence and who competent in this study, while secondary data was collected by picking up required data from Perhutani and each sequence administration data. The data was processed with calculation and apply it in tabulation then make the model with STELLA 8 software. From this study resulted five actors involved in the value sequence of teak timber in KPH Bojonegoro. The starting point of the sequence is timber producer i.e KPH Bojonegoro, and finish at final products seller. The model made in this study consists some sub-models; Forest Stand sub-model, Perhutani Timber Trading submodel, Perhutani Finance sub-model, Wood Industry sub-model, and Mediator submodel. The scenario was purposed to know the increasing of teak wood accretion value where the scenario is implemented as useful suggestion for wood business development. The scenarios are: extending cycle, cutting cycle, increasing yield, and planting unoccupied land to increase logging volume. The scenario simulation shows that the biggest accretion value (89%) was resulted from planting unoccupied land scenario. While smallest accretion value was resulted from extending cycle scenario. Base on some considerations, the most eligible scenario is planting unoccupied land. Key words: teak, furniture, value sequence, model.
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Judul: Leukemia pada kucing
Abstrak: Leukemia pada kucing adalah suatu penyakit yang sangat patogen, disebabkan oleh sejenis virus. Virus ini dikenal sebagai Feline Leukemia Virus atau FeLV. FeLV ini oleh beberapa ahli dikatakan hanya bersifat ganas pada hewan kucing. Penularannya bisa secara horizontal maupun congenital. Kucing pada semua tingkat umur dapat terserang oleh FeLV ini. Khusus pada bentuk "thymic leukemia", virus ini hanya menyerang anak-anak kucing berumur diba- wah 1 tahun. Kucing-kucing liar atau yang tidak terpeli- hara jarang sekali terinfeksi FeLV. Selain dari serangan virus FeLV itu sendiri, maka penyakit leukemia ini bisa disebabkan oleh beberapa fak- tor yang sudah ada dalam tubuh hewan dan sangat menunjang perkembangan penyakit ini, yaitu antara lain tumor, agen toksik, cedera oleh kecelakaan dan gangguan hemopoiesis. FeLV menyerang sel-sel darah dalam tubuh hewan se- hingga pembentukan darah berjalan tidak normal. Terlihat sel-sel darah yang belum dewasa sudah beredar dalam sir- kulasi darah. Bentuk dan jumlahnya tidak lagi seimbang dalam tubuh hewan kucing tersebut. Gejala klinis antara lain kekurusan, ikterus, anemia, lemah, anoreksia, dyspnoe, sulit menelan, batuk, dan membran mukosa pucat. Selain itu kelenjar pertahanan tubuh juga membengkak, kemudian terjadi hepatomegali, spleenomegali dan pembengkakan pada ginjal. Terbentuk massa tumor pada beberapa tempat. Secara biopsy pada sumsum tulang akan terlihat be- berapa perubahan. Sumsum tulang berwarna merah tua atau abu-abu. Konsistensinya lunak dan terdapat banyak sekali memproduksi sel darah putih. Melalui gambaran darah leukemia ini lebih mudah didiagnosa. Jumlah retikulosit rendah sekali. PCV 8-15%, hemoglobin menurun, sel darah putih (WBC) meningkat, lim- fosit meningkat, Alfaglobulin juga ada peningkatan, dan banyak eosinofil yang belum dewasa beredar dalam darah…dst
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