Judul: Growth and Yield Response of Lettuce Plants (Lactuca sativa L.) to the Application of Vermicompost Fertilizer and Rabbit Biourine with Different Concentrations
Abstrak: Penggunaan pupuk anorganik pada tanaman selada memiliki banyak kekurangan salah satunya dapat merusak tanah. Oleh karenanya, diperlukan pengurangan pupuk anorganik yang disubtitusi dengan pupuk organik namun tetap memberikan hasil terbaik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui respon pemberian pupuk organik yaitu kascing dan biourin kelinci terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman selada. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Teracak (RKLT) faktorial. Faktor pertama adalah pupuk kascing (K), yaitu tanpa kascing (K0) dan dengan kascing (K1). Faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi biourin kelinci, yaitu 0% (U0), 6% (U1), 9% (U2) dan 12% (U3). Kedua faktor diuji dengan dua kontrol, yaitu tanpa pupuk susulan (kontrol-) dan dengan pupuk anorganik (kontrol+). Hasilnya menunjukkan perlakuan kascing berpengaruh nyata terhadap seluruh peubah kecuali kadar air, perlakuan biourin kelinci hanya bepengaruh nyata pada bobot akar, dan interaksi antara kascing dan biourin berpengaruh nyata pada tinggi tanaman 2 MST dan kadar air., Inorganic fertilizer has deficiency that can damage soil so that solution is needed to reduce the use inorganic fertilizers with organic fertilizers. This study aims to see the response organic fertilizers, namely vermicompost and rabbit biourine to the growth and yield of lettuce. The study used factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The first factor is treatment of vermicompost (K), namely without kascing (K0) and with kascing (K1). The second factor is concentrations rabbit biourin, namely 0% (U0), 6% (U1), 9% (U2) and 12% (U3). Both factors were tested with two controls, namely without fertilizer (control -) and with NPK inorganic fertilizer (control+). The results showed that treatment of vermicompost was significantly different from all variable except moisture content, while treatment of biourine rabbits was significantly different only on the weight of roots. The interaction between vermicompost and rabbit biourin was significantly different on height 2 WAP and root weight of lettuce.
Keyword: inorganic, lettuce, organic, rabbit biourine, vermicompost

Judul: Optimization of Liquid Organic Fertilizer from Animal Manure with Indigofera for Hydroponic Lettuce Productivity
Abstrak: Tanaman selada (Lactuca sativa L.) adalah sayuran hijau yang memiliki kandungan gizi cukup tinggi. Usaha peningkatan produksi selada dilakukan dengan sistem hidroponik. Harga yang tinggi pada pupuk anorganik dapat diatasi dengan penggunaan alternatif nutrisi pupuk organik. Peningkatan pupuk organik cair yang terbuat dari kotoran ayam petelur, kotoran sapi perah, dan Indigofera zollingeriana dalam penelitian ini merupakan salah satu penentu kualitas pupuk organik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini menganalisis respon pertumbuhan tanaman selada (Lactuca sativa L.) terhadap pemberian kombinasi pupuk organik cair dan mengkaji beberapa kandungan kombinasi pupuk organik cair. Analisis penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri dari 5 percobaan dan 3 ulangan, AB Mix 100% (A100C0), AB Mix 75% + 25% POC (A75C25), AB Mix 50% + 50% POC (A50C50), AB Mix 25% + 75% POC (A25C75), dan 100% POC (A0C100). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan yang diberi nutrisi AB Mix dengan konsentrasi yang lebih tinggi atau sama dengan pupuk organik cair dapat mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman selada secara optimal. Kandungan unsur hara pupuk organik cair yang telah memenuhi standar yaitu nitrogen (N) dan fosfor (P). Pemberian kombinasi nutrisi A75C25 dan A50C50 rata-rata memberikan hasil yang terbaik pada seluruh parameter pertumbuhan tanaman selada. Kombinasi nutrisi pupuk organik cair memiliki unsur hara makro dan hara mikro yang lengkap, namun tergolong rendah sehingga diperlukan penambahan AB Mix sebagai pelengkap nutrisi., Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Lettuce is a green vegetable with high nutritional content. Despite its low production growth, efforts to increase lettuce production are being made through hydroponic systems. The high cost of inorganic fertilizers can be mitigated by using alternative organic fertilizer nutrients. Enhancing the quality of liquid organic fertilizers made from layer chicken manure, dairy cow manure, and Indigofera zollingeriana is crucial for formulating effective organic fertilizers. This study aims to analyze the growth response of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) to the application of various combinations of liquid organic fertilizers and to evaluate the nutrient content of these combinations. The research design employed was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of five treatments and three replications: 100% AB Mix (A100C0), 75% AB Mix + 25% POC (A75C25), 50% AB Mix + 50% POC (A50C50), 25% AB Mix + 75% POC (A25C75), and 100% POC (A0C100). The results showed that treatments with higher or equal concentrations of AB Mix compared to liquid organic fertilizers could optimally support lettuce growth. The nutrient content of the liquid organic fertilizers met the standards for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). The combination of liquid organic fertilizers provided complete macro and micro nutrients, though generally in lower amounts, necessitating the addition of AB Mix to supplement the nutrients. The combinations of A75C25 (75% AB Mix + 25% POC) and A50C50 (50% AB Mix + 50% POC) yielded the best results on average across all growth parameters of lettuce.
Keyword: indigofera zollingeriana, liquid organic fertilizer, chicken manure, dairy cow manure, lettuce growth

Judul: Penentuan Nilai Eigen dan Vektor Eigen dari Matriks Tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz dengan Pendekatan Polinomial Chebyshev
Abstrak: The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a matrix can be determined by finding its characteristic polynomials. The characteristic polynomials of a tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz matrix is shown to be closely connected to polynomials which satisfy the Chebyshev recurrence relationship. If the order of the matrix is odd, then the eigenvalues are found explicitly in terms of the Chebyshev zeros and the eigenvectors are found in terms of the polynomials satisfying the recurrence relationship. For even ordered matrices, the situation is more complicated. The problem in these cases is that although the Chebyshev recurrence formula is still applied, its initial values are not generating Chebyshev polynomials
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