Judul: Analisis Metabolomik pada Interaksi Padi dan Bakteri.
Abstrak: Interaksi tumbuhan–mikroba mutualistik dapat meningkatkan ketersediaan atau penyerapan unsur hara serta mempengaruhi metabolisme tumbuhan. Metabolomik adalah kajian semua metabolit yang terkandung di dalam makhluk hidup pada suatu waktu yang spesifik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh bakteri metanotrof (isolat BGM 9) dan bakteri penambat nitrogen (isolat ITJ 7) terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman padi serta mengungkapkan informasi tentang metabolit yang dihasilkan oleh tanaman padi yang berinteraksi dengan bakteri. Tiga varietas tanaman padi (Ciherang, Hawara Bunar, dan IR64) ditanam pada media cair (larutan Yoshida) dan diinokulasi dengan bakteri lima minggu setelah tanam. Metabolit di media cair terdeteksi tujuh hari setelah inokulasi menggunakan Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan MassLynx v4.1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa inokulasi bakteri berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan padi. Kromatogram hasil LC-MS menunjukkan ada 34 peak unik dari Ciherang, 21 peak unik dari Hawara Bunar, dan 30 peak unik dari IR 64. Peak unik pada masing-masing varietas dipengaruhi oleh perlakuan inokulasi.
Keyword: bakteri, interaksi, metabolomik, padi

Judul: Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Padi dengan Pemberian Isolat Bakteri Metanotrof sebagai Pengendali Keong Mas (Pomacea canaliculata)
Abstrak: Pertumbuhan vegetatif padi merupakan parameter penting dalam melihat kualitas produktivitas padi. Salah satu cara dalam peningkatan produktivitas padi adalah dengan pencegahan serangan hama keong mas (Pomacea canaliculata). Keong mas diduga dapat dikendalikan dengan bakteri metanotrof hasil isolasi dari sawah Bogor dan Sukabumi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini menganalisis pertumbuhan vegetatif padi dengan pemberian isolat bakteri metanotrof yang berpotensi sebagai pengendali hama keong mas. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan perlakuan air tergenang, pupuk NPK dan isolat bakteri SKM 14 pada padi varietas Ciherang. Parameter pertumbuhan vegetatif padi yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan padi, jumlah daun, dan bobot akar. Serangan keong mas tidak terjadi pada padi dengan perlakuan isolat bakteri metanotrof SKM 14 (IBM). Perlakuan IBM diketahui mampu meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan padi, jumlah daun, serta pertumbuhan akar. Dosis NPK 0.6 g per 6 kg media tanam diketahui menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman dan menurunkan pengaruh dari IBM SKM 14.
Keyword: bakteri metanotrof, NPK, pengendali keong mas

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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