Judul: Penerapan Model Iaktif Program Sasaran Linier pada Optimasi Penggunaan Bahan Baku Proses Pengolahan Makanan Ternak di Hirema Bogor
Abstrak: PT Hirema adalah perusahaan yang bergerak dalam industri ransum ternak. Beberapa produk yang dihasilkan seperti broiler starter (BR-1), broiler finisher (BR-2), layer starter (P-1) dan layer grower (P-2.1) sering mendapat keluhan dari pihak konsumen, terutama dalam hal mutu.
Keyword: 

Judul: Optimasi sistem pengendalian persediaan bahan baku di PT Hirema Bogor
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan teknik-teknik penyelesaian optimasi menggunakan metoda Lagrange Multiplier dengan luas gudang sebagai fungsi pembatas, untuk menentukan (1) jumlah optimal bahan yang harus dipesan, (2) tingkat persediaan optimal pada saat pemesanan kembali, dan (3) untuk mendapatkan total biaya pengendalian persediaan yang minimum. Kajian masalah dilakukan di PT Hirema yang memproduksi beberapa jenis makanan ternak. Metode pendekatan berencana digunakan dalam menyusun suatu model optimasi pengendalian persediaan bahan baku. Pengkajian masalah dibatasi terhadap bahan baku utama yang disimpan di gudang bahan baku, yang terdiri dari bungkil kedelai, bungkil wijen, bungkil kelapa sawit, bungkil kacang tanah, dedak halus, "wheat pollard", "rape seed meal", tepung ikan, dan tepung daging. Perhitungan optimasi dilakukan dengan menyusun program komputer dalam bahasa BASIC (INV.BAS). Hasil perhitungan optimasi tanpa pembatas gudang menunjukkan bahwa luas gudang yang diperlukan untuk tempat penyimpanan seluruh bahan lebih besar dari total luas gudang yang tersedia. Oleh sebab itu dalam perhitungan optimasi diperlukan pembatas luas gudang untuk menentukan jumlah optimal masing-masing bahan yang akan dipesan, dan tingkat pemesanan kembali yang optimal.
Keyword: 

Judul: Systematics of Desmos (Annonaceae) in Malesia
Abstrak: Desmos is a woody climbing genus of Annonaceae which has been widely used as traditional medicine in several countries such as China, Indo-China, Thailand, and Peninsular Malaysia to treat dysentery, vertigo, fever, and postpartum. Phylogenetic studies on Desmos showed a close relationship between Desmos and Dasymaschalon. They share similar moniliform monocarpic fruits, but their flowers are different. It has been debated among Annonaceae researchers whether both genera should be treated as the same or distinct genus. Therefore, investigation on the taxonomic delimitation of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon will be necessary. Plastid genome (plastome) identification, leaf epidermal section of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon species, a taxonomic revision of Desmos in Malesia using morphological data, the spatial distribution of Desmos species in Malesia, and morphological and genetic variation in Desmos chinensis population using ISSR marker were used to investigate taxonomic delimitation of Desmos. Plastome study of Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was carried out to determine the origin, evolution, phylogenomics, and identify marker candidates for Desmos and Dasymaschalon or with other genera in Annonaceae. We discovered that the plastome of Desmos chinensis was circular with the size of 167,677 bp (smaller than Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum), consist of 111 genes, including 78 protein-coding genes, 29 transfer RNAs, and 4 ribosomal RNAs. The plastome showed a typical quadripartite structure, i.e., large single copy (LSC), small single copy (SSC), and two inverted repeats (IRs). The plastome of Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was 191,488 bp in length, which also exhibited a typical quadripartite structure (LSC, SSC, and two IRs). Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum showed different copies of accD, ndhD, ndhF, rps18, and ycf2. Protein coding genes of rpoB, rpoC1, rbcL, matK, rpl32, infA, and rpl36 were identified based on nucleotide diversity, sequence variability, and parsimony-informative sites. The genes are defined as molecular marker candidates of plastome for phylogenetic, barcoding, and population genetic research. We predicted that Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum separated at ca. 64 million years ago during the Paleocene. Leaf anatomical feature study was carried to support the taxonomic delimitation of interspecific Desmos and intergeneric of Desmos and Dasymaschalon. Leaf anatomy in the paradermal section of 20 taxa (12 species of Desmos, eight species of Dasymaschalon) have been carried out. According to the leaf epidermal section, Desmos and Dasymaschalon are two distinct genera mainly distinguished based on the anticlinal wall undulation of epidermal cells and supported by variation of the crystal type and size. The anticlinal wall undulation of Desmos was almost straight to slightly wavy and never sinuous; meanwhile, Dasymaschalon varies from almost straight to deeply sinusoid. The crystals of Desmos consist of rhombohedral, druse type A, and druse type B crystals, whereas Dasymaschalon has prism, druse type A, druse type B, and druse type C crystals. The recent taxonomic revision using the morphological data was mainly based on the examination of about 1374 specimens from BO, L, WAN, ANDA, SING, SAN, K, P, HUH herbaria. The Desmos species in Malesia consists of eight species: D. acutus, D. chinensis, D. chryseus, D. dunalii, D. pedunculosus, D. subbiglandulosus, two new records: D. lawii and D. macrocarpus, and one
Keyword: Dasymaschalon, Desmoid clade, Magnoliid, plastid genome, phylogenomics analysis