Judul: Genetic Diversity of Clostridium bifennentans Strains by Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis and Their Toxicity to Mosquito Larvae
Abstrak: The genus of Clostndium is phylogenetically closely related to Bacillus, the only genus that generated commercially available bioinsecticides, known as Bt-toxin. The purpose of this study is to examine the presence Bt-like toxin in a number of isolates of Clostndium bifermentans, a clostridial species that has been used for many kind of industrial fermentation. One hundred fifty one clostridial isolates were screened out from various habitats such as : cow's intestine, rumen contents of water buffalo, rumen contents of sheep, river sediments, swamp sediments, lake sediments, mangrove forest floor and milk processing waste. Sixteen isolate were identified as Clostridium bifermentans based on its physiology and biochemical characteristics. These isolates were further characterized employing flourescein antibody technique. Ten isolates out of 16 showed positive flourescence appearance. These C. bfirmentans isolates shows the phenotiic diversity, due to the intensity of it capacity in gelatine hydrolyze.
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Judul: Genetic Diversity of Antifungal-Producing Rhizobacteria of Bacillus sp. Based on Amplified rDNA Restriction Analysis (ARDRA) and 16S rRNA Sequence
Abstrak: Genus Bacillus has indirectly mechanism to induce the growth of soybean plant by growth suppression of pathogen through production of antibiotic. The objective of this research was to analyze the diversity of 22 antifungal-producing rhizobacteria of Bacillus sp. strain Cr isolated from rhizosphere of soybean plant based on 16S rRNA Sequence and Amplified rDNA Restriction Analysis (ARDRA). ARDRA was a tool to measure and analyze the diversity of 22 isolates through digestion of 16S rRNA gene by restriction enzymes i.e. HinfI, HaeIII, and RsaI. Based on this analysis, genetic diversity of 22 Bacillus Cr isolates were classified into eight different groups by ARDRA analysis. Moreover, six isolates selected randomly from each ARDRA group that have strong activity to suppress fungal growth were compared with reference strains based on 16S rRNA partial sequence. The distributions of 22 isolates were genetically diverse on several species of Bacillus sp. such as B. subtilis, B. cereus, and B. fusiformis. Therefore, ARDRA is a reliable technique to analyze genetic diversity of huge bacterial community.
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Judul: Pemasaran Mebel Kayu Jati Jepara
Abstrak: Industri perkayuan memegang peranan penting terhadap perolehan devisa dan pembangunan ekonomi negara. Sejalan dengan penuruan ketersediaan bahan baku untuk industri dan meningkatnya biaya tenaga kerja pada industri berbasis kayu maka mebel kayu merupakan industri kecil yang berpeluang untuk dikembangkan. Industri mebel kayu tidak hanya diharapkan untuk memperoleh devisa tetapi juga akan menstimulasi pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional karena memiliki nilai tambah yang tinggi, mempunyai keterkaitan yang cukup kuat dengan sektor lain, menciptakan lapangan kerja, memiliki pertumbuhan pasar yang baik, dan berdaya saing cukup tinggi. Data statistik UN COMTRADE (2008) mermperlihatkan bahwa sektor industri mebel terus mengalami peningkatan ekspor mebel dari tahun 2003 sampai tahun 2007. Negara tujuan ekspor mebel Indonesia yang utama adalah Amerika Serikat (37%), Jepang (12%), Inggris (8%) dan Belanda (8%), Jerman (7%), dan Perancis (7%). Selain itu, ekspor juga ditujukan ke negara-negara Italia, Belgia, Spanyol, dan Australia.
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