Judul: Position Analysis of Indonesia’s White Pepper in the World Market
Abstrak: The declining of Indonesia’s white pepper production and export are followed by pressures in its main market, that is world white pepper market. The pressures come from Vietnam’s white pepper and black pepper. Thus, as the impact of these pressures, it is important to be seen about position or competitiveness of Indonesia’s white pepper in the world market at nowadays, which is also useful as suggestions/informations in determining the appropriate strategy-policy in order to maintain the existing market share of Indonesia’s white pepper, and be expected to expand the Indonesia’s white pepper market share in the world market. The objectives of this research are: (1) to determine the factors that affecting world white pepper trade volume, (2) to determine the position/competitiveness of Indonesia’s white pepper in world white pepper market; (3) to determine the alternative of strategy-policy that proper to Indonesia’s white pepper marketing in world white pepper import market; by analyzing world white pepper trade volume and world white pepper demand sourced from Indonesia and Vietnam. World white pepper trade volume is analyzed by using logarithmic multiple linear regression model. Meanwhile, world white pepper demand sourced from Indonesia and Vietnam is analyzed by using adopted model of Almost Ideal Demand System Model (AIDS). The result shows that Indonesia’s white pepper has competitiveness or advantages in world white pepper import market, which is better than Vietnam’s white pepper, so that Indonesia has a better opportunity to increase her white pepper market share. Indonesia’s white pepper also has a better prospects, as seen from the potency of world white pepper market itself. World white pepper market still has potency to be entered, even though there is a pressure from black pepper which can be processed into white pepper. The strategy that need to be implemented by Indonesia is to increase her white pepper export supply, because of the world white pepper import demand sourced from Indonesia has elastic own price elasticity. The increasing of Indonesia’s white pepper export supply will also make Indonesia’s white pepper price more competitive, which can be used to overcome the pressure of black pepper and suppress the market share of Vietnam’s white pepper. The efforts or policies that need to be implemented by Indonesia to support the established strategy, including: (1) to increase the productivity of cultivated pepper plant; (2) to prevent the pepper cultivation land from conversion and expand the pepper cultivation area, which both of them must be followed by increasing of cultivated pepper plant productivity; and (3) to maintain the quality of Indonesia’s white pepper.
Keyword: competitiveness, Indonesia’s white pepper

Judul: Analysis Factors Affecting of the Competitiveness Indonesian Black Pepper in the International Market
Abstrak: Indonesia menjadi salah satu produsen dan pengekspor lada dunia. Hampir sebagian besar lada Indonesia diperuntukan untuk kebutuhan ekspor khususnya lada hitam. Namun, kontribusi lada hitam Indonesia di pasar dunia semakin menurun sehingga Indonesia tidak lagi menjadi eksportir nomor satu di dunia. Kekuatan daya saing terhadap suatu komoditas membuat suatu negara dapat melakukan ekspor komoditas ungggulannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis daya saing dan faktor-faktor yag memengaruhi daya saing lada hitam Indonesia di pasar internasional. Periode analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu dari tahun 2012 hingga 2019 dengan menggunakan metode Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) dan Korelasi Pearson. Dimana untuk menganalisis korelasi antara daya saing yang dihasilkan dari nilai RCA dengan beberapa faktor – faktor yang diduga memengaruhi daya saing lada hitam Indonesia di pasar internasional, yaitu volume ekspor lada hitam Indonesia (X1), harga internasional lada hitam Indonesia (X2), nilai tukar rupiah terhadap dolar (X3), serta inflasi tahunan Indonesia (X4). Hasil perhitungan RCA menujukan bahwa lada hitam Indonesia memiliki daya saing yang kuat di pasar internasional dengan rata-rata nilai RCA sebesar 7,54 serta hasil analisis korelasi Pearson menunjukan bahwa faktor volume ekspor lada hitam Indonesia dan harga internasional lada hitam Indonesia memiliki korelasi signifikan dengan daya saing lada hitam Indonesia di pasar internasional, sedangkan faktor nilai tukar dan inflasi tidak terdapat korelasi yang signifikan dengan daya saing lada hitam Indonesia di pasar Internasional., Indonesia is one of the pepper producer and exporter in the world. Most of Indonesia’s pepper is intended for export, especially black pepper. However, the contribution of Indonesian black pepper to the world market is decreasing so that Indonesia is no longer the number one exporter in the world. The strength of the competitiveness of a commodity allows a country to export its superior commodity. The purpose of this study is to analyze the competitiveness and the factors that influence the competitiveness of Indonesian black pepper in the international market. The periode of analysis used in this study from 2012 to 2019 and using the method of Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Pearson Correlation. Where to analyze the correlation between competitiveness resulting from the RCA value with several factors that are thought to affect the competitiveness of Indonesian black pepper in the international market, namely the export volume of Indonesian black pepper (X1), international price of Indonesian black pepper (X2), exchange rate rupiah against the dollar (X3), and Indonesia's annual inflation (X4). The results of the RCA calculation show that Indonesian black pepper has strong competitiveness in the international market with an average RCA value of 7.54 and the results of the Pearson Correlation analysis show that the export volume factor of Indonesian black pepper and the international price of Indonesian black pepper have a significant correlation with the competitiveness of Indonesian black pepper. the competitiveness of Indonesian black pepper in the international market, while the exchange rate and inflation factors have no significant correlation with the competitiveness of Indonesian black pepper in the international market.
Keyword: black pepper, competitiveness, export, pearson correlation, RCA

Judul: Konstruksi Hukum Grup Kurva Eliptik Atas F3m
Abstrak: Elliptic curves upon F3m can be divided in two cases, i.e. supersingular and nonsupersingular case. Based on group laws on elliptic curves, a new arithmetic upon F3m can be formulated as an addition process of two random points on the curve. This addition process can then be applied to the ElGamal algorithm.
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