Judul: Pengembangan Sistem Autentikasi Voter pada Central Legitimization Agency Menggunakan Media Mifare Smart Card®
Abstrak: Cryptography becomes one of the important things in the development of electronic voting system. The voting system using internet network technology aims to reduce considerable calculation time as well as necessary human resources. Securing lines of communication between voting machines and servers is needed to communicate securely. The identity of the voters, which is used for authentication voting process is stored in Mifare smart card called identity card. Every identity card which contains unique identification and nomor induk kependudukan will be authenticated in Central Legitimization Agency server. Card identity is hashed with SHA-2 and encrypted with session key to assure that the integrity of data is not changed by others. Session key is distributed from CLA to voting machines which are encrypted with asymmetric RSA algorithm. Only voting machines can decrypt the ciphertext to get the session key as plaintext. The list of the voters who are allowed to vote is stored in the CLA database. The decrypted plaintext must be identical to one of the voters in the voters list, for the voter to be able to vote. Only one vote for each of the voters can be casted. If the time limit is reached, CLA will distribute the vote count to the Central Tabulating Facilities. Considering the complexity in building a complete secure online election voting process, this research is only focused developing a system to authenticate the voter identity in CLA from identity card which is stored in Mifare smart card.
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Judul: Fingerprint as Voter Authentication for Development of E-Voting System Using Two Central Facilities Protocol.
Abstrak: Electronic voting (e-voting) is carrying out of balloting in a eletronic manner and can to utilizing information technology web-based in order that be able implementation election system in accordance with online in order to substitute election that be done conventionally (paper based) with a purpose to help problems solve at hand, such as elector of double, vote puschasing, the number of vote is illegal, etc. The e-voting system which developed using two central facilities protocol consist of three component that is voting machine as client for interaction with voter, central legitimization agency (CLA) as server voter authentication, and central tabulating facility (CTF) as server for result recapitulation voter vote count. Research in this thesis just focused to voter authentication process on voting machine toward database of voter that stored in CLA with using fingerprint biometric technology. Fingerprint biometric technology used for voter registration process, voter verification process, and voter authentication process who will doing election. Registration process for acquire voter fingerprint image database, verification process to be sure voter database can be verificated or not, and authentication process for voter authorization who can be permitted or not by system give of vote in election. In the voter authentication from this system, who voter can be permitted by system give of her/his vote will be directed to ballot page only voter who her/his fingerprint image recognizable by system. Whereas voter which her/his fingerprint image cannot recognized by system, so system will not direction to ballot page with the result that voter cannot give of her/his vote in election.
Keyword: e-voting, two central facilities, central legitimization agency, authentication, fingerprint.

Judul: Prevalence of Bird Lice on Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) in 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia
Abstrak: Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) have coexisted with humans for thousands of years and are used for various purposes such as food and in sports. Rock pigeons may have the potential to be infested with a wide range of ectoparasites, which can have a significant impact on their life cycle. This study aims to measure the prevalence of Columba livia with bird lice in 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia in the year 2020 and to ascertain the impact of bird lice on the health of these infested birds. Data were collected from clinical records for the month of January to December in the year 2020 from 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia. Lice were identified in 42 of the 80 Rock pigeons examined so, the overall prevalence of lice infestations was 52.5%. The prevalence of ectoparasites was found to be higher in young Rock pigeons (60.4%) as compared to adult Rock pigeons (37.4%). Columbicola columbae (wing lice) and Colpocephalum turbinatum (body lice) are two species of lice that have been detected. Body lice were more prevalent in young Columba livia birds at 47.6% whereas wing lice were more prevalent in adult Columba livia birds at 16.7%. Most of the lice were found in the thorax and abdomen area followed by the head and neck area., Merpati Batu (Columba livia) telah hidup berdampingan dengan manusia selama ribuan tahun dan digunakan untuk berbagai keperluan seperti makanan dan olahraga. Merpati batu dapat terinfestasi dengan berbagai ektoparasit, yang dapat berdampak signifikan pada siklus hidup mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi Columba livia dengan kutu burung di 99 Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia pada tahun 2020 dan untuk memastikan dampaknya terhadap kesehatan burung yang terinfestasi. Data dikumpulkan dari catatan klinis dari bulan Januari hingga Desember tahun 2020 dari 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia. Kutu diidentifikasi pada 42 dari 80 merpati batu yang diperiksa sehingga, prevalensi keseluruhan infestasi kutu adalah 52,5%. Prevalensi ektoparasit ditemukan lebih tinggi pada merpati batu muda (60,4%) dibandingkan dengan merpati batu dewasa (37,4%). Columbicola columbae (kutu sayap) dan Colpocephalum turbinatum (kutu badan) adalah dua spesies kutu yang telah ditemukan. Kutu badan lebih banyak ditemukan pada burung Columba livia muda sebesar 47,6% sedangkan kutu sayap lebih banyak ditemukan pada burung Columba livia dewasa sebesar 16,7%. Sebagian besar kutu ditemukan di daerah dada dan abdomen diikuti daerah kepala dan leher.
Keyword: Columba livia, prevalence, ectoparasite, wing lice, body lice, Columba livia, prevalensi, ektoparasit, kutu sayap, kutu badan