arulpm/tripletsmall huggingface dataset:
Judul: Optimalisasi usaha tanaman pangan dan pemeliharaan ternak sapi: kasus Kecamatan Tanete Riaja Kabupaten Barru Sulawesi Selatan
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari pola usaha tani yang ada dan bagaimana potensi ekonomi ternak sapi dalam mendukung pendapatan petani, mengidentifikasi permasalahan dan kendala yang dihadapi dalam upaya mencapai pen dapatan maksimal, dan mencoba merumuskan upaya untuk peningkatan pendapatan (rekomendasi) di tingkat petani. ...
Keyword: Cattle, usaha tanaman pangan, ternak sapi

Judul: Analisa efisiensi ekonomis usaha peternakan sapi perah rakyat (Studi kasus di Desa Margamukti, Kecamatan Pangalengan, Kabupaten Bandung)
Abstrak: Laporan Praktek Lapang ini bertujuan untuk melihat faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi susu pada usaha peternakan sapi perah rakyat serta menilai efisiensi penggunaan faktor-faktor produksi guna menyusunsuatu rencana perbaikan-perbaikan agar tercapai suatu keadaan dimana alokasi sumberdaya menjadi optimal.
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Judul: Characterizations of low alloy steel sae 4422  plated with chromic acid (Cro3)
Abstrak: Characterizations of low alloy steel SAE 4422 plated with chromic acid (CrOrO3) was use Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), RD),Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-Ray (EDAX), Hardness Test and Roughness Test. Microstructures analysis exhibits cracks and grain boundaries microcracks as a characteristics of chrome metal found at plating metal. Perlite and Ferrite as grains of steel found at base metal with grain boundaries around it. Phase analysis of plating metal appropriate to chrome metal with lattice constant (a) is 2.559 Å and phase analysis of base metal appropriate to iron ferrite with lattice constant (a) is 3.318 Å. Both plating and base metal have cubic system. Chemical analysis of plating metal at surface section exhibits that cracks area have highest value of carbon element compare with grains and grains boundaries area. While chemical analysis of base metal at cross section exhibits that perlite have highest value of carbon element compare with ferrite and grain boundaries. The hardness value of plating metal at surface section and cross section are 753 and 637 VHN. While, the hardness value of base metal and interface area at cross section are 205 and 373 VHN. The roughness value at measurement points of chrome surface for as received sample are 0.445 μm. Observation used Optical Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy exhibits surface irregularities combine to form surface texture of plating metal at surface section.
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Judul: Pengaruh jenis Dan jumlah Nusa Pada Penutupan Mulsa, Kadar air, Suhu dan Makrofauna tanah
Abstrak: Suatu penelitian yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis dan jumlah mulsa pada penutupan mulsa, kadar air, suhu dan makrofauna tanah. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Agustus sampai Oktober 1986 di Kebun Konservasi Jurusan Tanah IPB, pada kemiringan lereng 7 sampai 10 persen. Penelitian ini menggunakan empat jenis mulsa tanaman yaitu alang-alang, jerami padi, kacang tanah dan ketela pohon. Dosis mulsa meliputi 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 dan 6 ton/ha bobot kering, dan ditebar rata pada petak satuan percobaan yang berukuran 4 x 4 m². Sebuah petak tanpa mulsa dibuat sebagai kontrol. Parameter yang diamati meliputi penutupan mulsa (tingkat/persentase penutupan tanah); kadar air tanah pada kedalaman O -3 cm, 10 cm dan 20 cm; suhu tanah pada kedalaman 2, 5, 10 dan 20 cm; dan makrofauna tanah sampai kedalaman 20 cm. Penutupan mulsa dihitung dua hari setelah mulsa ditebar, sedangkan makrofauna tanah diamati sebulan setelah mulsa ditebar. tanah menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok. Jenis mulsa sebagai perlakuan dan dosis mulsa sebagai kelompok. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan adanya perbedaan kemampuan menutupi tanah oleh beberapa jenis mulsa tanaman. Mulsa juga mampu mempertahankan kadar air tanah, memperkecil fluktuasi suhu tanah, dan meningkatkan jumlah dan aktivitas makrofauna tanah. ...
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Judul: Pengaruh Penutupan Mulsa Jeramai terhadap Konsentrasi Sedimen dan Beberapa Unsur Hara dalam Aliran Permukaan
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penutupan mulsa terhadap konsentrasi sedimen, C-Organik, Pospor, dan kalium yang terangkut bersama aliran permukaan. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Konservasi dan Pengolahan Tanah, IPB-Darmaga. Petak-petak yang digunakan berjumlah 24 buah, yang dibagi atas 3 kelompok yaitu kemiringan lereng 7%, 9%, dan 14%. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah penutupan mulsa pada taraf 0,30,60, dan 90 persen. Tanaman yang dipakai adalah kacang tanah varietas Gajah dan Jagung varietas c1.
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Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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Judul: Penyelesaian model mobil pengikut pada jalan melingkar
Abstrak: Arus lalu-lintas merupakan salah satu fenomena nyata yang dapat dideskripsikan melalui pemodelan matematika sebagai model dinamik kkontinu dengan sebuah sistem persamaan diferensial biasa. Terdapat dua buah jenis model makroskopik dan model mikroskopik. Model makroskopik memformulasikan arus lalu-lintas yang terjadi pada sejumlah besar kendaraan. Model mikroskopik digambarkan oleh sebuah model yang disebut model mobil pengikut (car follow model).
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Judul: Pemodelan Arus Lalulint as Dengan Pendekatan Model Mikroskopik & Makroskopik
Abstrak: Karya ilmiah ini membahas pemodelan arus lalu Hotas kendaraan dengan pendekatan model-model mikroskopik yang disajikan dengan model mobil berurutan dan model lajur ganda, sena pemodelan makroskopik sebagai lanjutan dari pemodelan mikroskopik. Pada tingkat rnikroskopik pemodelan setiap kendaraan digambarkan oleh koordinat ruang x dan kecepatan v untuk waktu JEiR.+. Pada pemodelan mikroskopik. reaksi pengemudi digambarkan dalam persepsi threshold, di antaranya ambang reaksi negatif, arnbang reaksi positif, ambang reaksi pada jarak berbahaya, ambang reaksi pada jarak aman dan ambang reaksi pada jarak yang diinginkan. Dalam kasus Jajur ganda dirumuskan ambang reaksi perpindahan lajur ke sebelah kanan (HR), perpindahan lajur ke sebelah kiri (HJJ. pengereman (HB), percepatan (HA), dan pengemudian bebas (Hf). Sedangkan model makroskopik merupakan lanjutan dari pemodelan mikroskopik, yaitu dengan mengamati kerapatan p, kecepatan rata-rata u, dan ragam kecepatan kendaraan f:} dari situasi lalu Iintas yang diamati.
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Judul: Enrichment of organic selenium, inorganic selenium and  vitamin E in quail products through its supplementation in the diet and its potency  of quail eggs as an ingredient in selenium-rich egg juice
Abstrak: This study was aimed to achieve an optimum level of combine organic selenium, inorganic selenium and vitamin E in obtaining the best production and reproduction as well as the highest level of selenium in quail eggs. This study was conducted from January to August 2008. Numbers of observed quails were 720 (360 females and 360 males). The treatments were applied when the quails were six weeks old. Nine treatment diets were: To (commercial diet), T1(0.46 ppm inorganic Se + 43.50 ppm vitamin E), T2 (0.46 ppm inorganic Se + 87.00 ppm vitamin E), T3 (0.92 ppm inorganic Se + 43.50 ppm vitamin E), T4 (0.92 ppm inorganic Se +87.00 ppm vitamin E), T5 (0.46 ppm organic Se + 43.50 ppm vitamin E), T6 (0.46 ppm organic Se + 87.00 ppm vitamin E), T7(0.92 ppm organic Se + 43.50 vitamin E) and T8(0.92 ppm organic Se + 87.00 ppm vitamin E).
Keyword: egg yolk, glutathione peroxidase ( GSH-Px), hedonic test, rank test
Judul: Pengaruh Penambahan Nutrien terhadap Produksi Protease dari Limbah Cair Tahu Menggunakan Bacillus stearothermophilus ATCC 12980
Abstrak: Protease alkali yang dihasilkan oleh bakteri merupakan enzim yang mempunyai nilai komersial tinggi. Bacillus stearuther- muphilus ATCC 12980 merupakan salah satu bakteri yang dapat menghasilkan protease alkali. Selama proses produksi e.nzim protease, Bacillus stearothermaphilus memerlukan berbagai sumber nutrien untuk pertumbuhan dan metabolismenya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan onggok dan glukosa sebagai sumber karbon dan kasein sebagai sumber nitrogen terhadap produksi protease dari limbah cair tahu menggunakan a c l l stearathermnphilus ATCC 12980.
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Judul: Produksi dan Karakterisasi Protease Bacillus substilis DB 104 Rekombinan Imobil pada Media Limbah Cair Tahu
Abstrak: Protease merupakan enZUD pemecah protein yang dalam kerjanya memerlukan air. Pada industri pangan, protease digunakan pada industri roti, keju, bir dan lain-lain sedangkan pada non pangan, protease banyak digunakan pada industri kulit, deterjen dan fotografi. Protease dapat dihasilkan oleh mikroorganisme, hewan maupun tumbuhan. Penggunaan mikroorganisme untuk menghasilkan protease lebih menguntungkan dibanding hewan maupun tumbuhan. Mikroorganisme yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Bacillus substilis rekombinan, yang diperoleh dengan cara mengklonkan gen protease Bacillus pumilus YI yang diisolasi dari limbah cair tabu ke Bacillus substilis DB 104 dangan menggunakan plasmid pUB 110. Penggunaan bakteri ini dimaksudkan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas protease. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari produksi dan karakteristik protease yang dihasilkan oleh Bacillus substilis DB 104 rekombinan imobil pada media limbah cair tahu (LCT).
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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Judul: Penentuan Komposisi Larutan Holding Untuk Bunga Potong Pink Ginger (Alpinia Purpurata)
Abstrak: Pink ginger (Alpinia Purpurata) flower had a good prospect as cut flower .. Pink ginger quality as cut flower was a determine factor in the marketing process. Holding solution as lasting potion for the flower in a vas was one of the post harvest treatment in order to maintain the freshness and the quality of the cut flowers. Holding solution as lasting potion basically contain of three components, which were carbohydrate (sugar) as nutrition source, tamarind and material that able to prohibit microorganism expansion (germicide). The objective of this research was to obtain holding solution that extended vase life of the pink ginger cut flower (Alpinia purpurata).
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Judul: Pengaruh Pemberian Larutan Pulsing dan Holding Terhadap Umur Kesegaran Bunga Potong Pink Ginger (Alpinia purpurata)
Abstrak: Bunga pink ginger (Alpinia purpurata) mempunyai prospek yang bagus untuk dikembangkan sebagai bunga potong karena bunga ini mempunyai keunggolan, yaitu bunganya indah dan wamanya yang menarik. Kualitas pink ginger sebagai bunga potong merupakan faktor penting dalam peases pemasaran. Larutan pulsing dan holding dapat digunakan untuk mempertahankan kualitas dan kesegaran bunga potong.
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Judul: Dynamic New Keynesian Model for Unemployment and Inflation Rate.
Abstrak: This paper deals with a scientific analysis of the equilibrium level of hiring, employment and unemployment. The basic model being used is a standard new Keynesian model, which states that utility function depends on consumptions and working hours. Utility maximization refers to a standard labour supply equation, with the marginal cost’s dynamics on new Keynesian model simply reflects movements in real wages and productivity. Furthermore, trade-off between output and inflation stabilization can be considered using the new Keynesian Phillips curve. Dynamic general equilibrium model is a model that can be used to study interactions between market imperfections and nominal rigidities, which is capable of overcoming the main shortcoming of the standard new Keynesian model. In the general equilibrium model there are three groups of the economy agents, namely households, firms and monetary authority. The results of this research science that bargaining processes between firms and workers will yield optimal wage. Increase in labour will cause wages to fall, but the unemployment rate can be reduced. An increase in the firm’s monopoly power will shift the labour demand curve downward, which will reduce the number of workers that firm is willing to hire for any given bargained wage.
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Judul: Pemeliharaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Kotamadya Padang, Propinsi Sumatera Barat
Abstrak: Magang secara umum bertujuan untuk memperoleh pengetahuan dan pengalaman kerja praktis, meningkatkan wawasan keprofesian dan keahlian dalam menunjang profesionalisme serta menjalin kerja sama yang baik antara pihak akademis dan mahasiswa dengan instansi tempat magang. Secara khusus magang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan studio dan lapangan di Dinas Pertamanan dan mengetahui pemeliharaan RTH Kota Padang yang dilakukan oleh Dinas Pertamanan. RTH penting dalam suatu perkotaan karena berfungsi dalam memperbaiki dan meningkatkan kualitas lingkungan. Pemeliharaan merupakan kunci keberhasilan suatu RTH kota dalam mempertahankan fungsi RTH kota.
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Judul: Pengelolaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Di Kota Surabaya
Abstrak: Tujuan khusus yang ingin dicapai dari kegiatan magang ini adalah mempeJajari danmembahas suatu kasus Ruang Terhuka Hijau (RTH) terutama dalam aspek pengelolaan, mengenal dan meningkatkan keterampilan dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan dan kendala, serta cara pemanfaatan potensi yang ada. Lokasi kegiatan magang bertempat di Dinas Pertamanan dan Permakaman Kota Surabaya, Jalan Menur No. 31 C, Surabaya, Jawa Timur yang berlangsung dari bulan Februari 2001-Juni 2001.
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Judul: Durability of Specific Immunoglobulin (Ig) Y Againts Influenza and Covid-19 in Sunscreen
Abstrak: The benefit of specific immunoglobulin Y (Ig Y) as an active ingredient in personal care products such as sunscreen has not been properly studied. Our study aims to evaluate the reliability of specific IgY against influenza and the COVID-19 virus in a sample sunscreen product. Specific IgY influenza and COVID-19 viruses were inserted in the sample sunscreen at two concentrations of 0.1% and 0.25%. Three treatments were observed: control (C) sunscreen without IgY, treatment 1 (T1) sunscreen with 0.1% IgY, and treatment 2 (T2) sunscreen with 0.25% IgY. Organoleptic observations were carried out to monitor changes in aroma, color, and texture, and sunscreen sampling was done every week for 6 weeks. The durability of IgY was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a neutralization assay. Organoleptic observation from weeks 1 to 6 showed consistency in its aroma, color, and texture. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization assay (NA) results of the T1 and T2 groups showed negative results except for sample T1 at week 5, which showed a positive result in the Influenza A ELISA. Based on the results, it seems that IgY concentrations of 0.1% or 0.25% were not optimal. However, this negative result might be due to low concentration of the IgY and the presence of beeswax, which inhibits IgY and causes it to dissolve in distilled water, thus preventing it from being detected in the assay.
Keyword: Immunoglobulin Y, Sunscreen, Influenza, COVID-19, Biological Activity
Judul: Beberapa aspek reproduksi ikan tajuk (Aphareus rutilans Cuvier, 1830) di Perairan Laut dalam Pelabuhan Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Penelitian dilakukan di perairan Pelabuhanratu, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat dimulai dari bulan Juni 2005 sampai Februari 2006. Tujuan penelitian adalh untuk mengkaji faktor kondisi dan hubungan panjang-berat serta aspek biologi reproduksi ikan tajuk (A.rutilans).
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Judul: Studi pertumbuhan ikan tajuk (Aphereus rutilans cuvier, 1830) di Palabuhan Ratu, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji aspek pertumbuhan ikan tajuk (Aphareus rutilans) yang terdapat di Palabuhanratu. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat berguna sebagai bahan informasi mengenai ikan tajuk serta dapat menyediakan data potensi dan pemanfaatan ikan tajuk di Palabuhanratu.
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Judul: Penentuan Nilai Eigen dan Vektor Eigen dari Matriks Tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz dengan Pendekatan Polinomial Chebyshev
Abstrak: The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a matrix can be determined by finding its characteristic polynomials. The characteristic polynomials of a tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz matrix is shown to be closely connected to polynomials which satisfy the Chebyshev recurrence relationship. If the order of the matrix is odd, then the eigenvalues are found explicitly in terms of the Chebyshev zeros and the eigenvectors are found in terms of the polynomials satisfying the recurrence relationship. For even ordered matrices, the situation is more complicated. The problem in these cases is that although the Chebyshev recurrence formula is still applied, its initial values are not generating Chebyshev polynomials
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Judul: Kajian Pengaruh Agitasi Mekanik terhadap Produksi Pektinase (Endopoligalakturonase) pada Fermentasi Terendam Kulit Buah Kakao Oleh Aspergillus niger
Abstrak: Sejalan dengan pesatnya perkembangan agroindustri di Indonesia, berbagai usaha peningkatan produksi dan Pemanfaatan hasil pertanian secara maksimal semakin meningkat. Kakao (Theobrama cacao) merupakan salah satu hasil perkebunan yang cukup berkembang pesat.
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Judul: Kajian Kemampuan Produksi Pektinase (Poligalakturonase) oleh Aspergilus niger Hasil Isolasi dari perkebunan Kakao
Abstrak: Pektinase merupakan enzim ekstraseluler yang mampu mendegradasi senyawa pektin. Enzim ini terutama dimanfaatkan dalam industri jus buah-buahan dan sayuran, industri kembang gula serta dalam penqawetan kayu-kayu komersial . Pektinase dihasilkan secara alami oleh tanaman dan mikroorganisme. Produksi pektinase komersial umumnya mengqunakan Aspergillus niger karena jenis kapang ini termasuk golongan GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe). Hasil beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa A. niger merupakan penghasil pektinase yang potensial.
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Judul: Truncated Stop Loss as a Optimal Solution of Reinsurance Agreement in One-Period Model
Abstrak: Reinsurance is one of risk management efforts of an insurance company, which is called the cedent. Similar with insurance, reinsurance constitutes the cedent to pay the premium. We consider one-period reinsurance model and derive a rule which minimizes the ruin probability of the cedent for a fixed reinsurance premium. Therefore, it is needed to construct an optimal reinsurance agreement for the cedent. The premium is calculated according to four different principles, i.e. economic, generalized zero-utility, Esscher, and mean-variance principles. Stop loss is a reinsurance contract which protect the insurance company for losses that exceed a certain amount. The result of this research shows that a truncated stop loss is an optimal agreement in the class of all reinsurance contracts with various premiums calculated using above mentioned principles.
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Judul: Pengembangan dan Implementasi Sistem Pemadaman Api pada Fire-fighting Robot
Abstrak: Fires are frequent and have caused many casualties. Need a quick response to find and extinguish the fire source before the fire spread. Due to its danger, human intervention in extinguishing the fire needs to be kept as minimum as possible. For that, a robot that can detect the source of the fire and extinguish it at the same time is required. This study aims to develop fire extinguishing systems using the Arduino microcontroller as the main controller. Two fire extinguishing systems were built with two different methods. The first method utilized the wind from a fan, while the second method used a washer pump. Both systems were controlled by a relay. The results showed that the flame sensor can detect the fire at a distance of 30 – 100 cm. The wind-based fire extinguishing system was found to be able to extinguish the fire from a maximum distance of 120 cm, while the water-based fire extinguishing system did not succeed because the water burst from the washer pump was inadequate.
Keyword: flame sensor, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), fire extinguisher, Arduino

Judul: Sistem Navigasi pada Robot Pemadam Api Menggunakan Wall Following dan Logika Fuzzy
Abstrak: A robot needs a good navigation to complete its task. One way to provide navigation capabilities on robots is artificial intelligence. Navigation capabilities using artificial intelligence may be associated with the ability to accept input from a range of sensors. However, inputs from the environment are uncertain so that a simple modeling is not sufficiently representative. Fuzzy logic is expected to overcome these uncertainties. This research aims to develop the navigation system on a fire-fighter robot using wall following algorithms and fuzzy logic. The system is simulated on KRPAI 2013 environment where the robot is expected to move by following the wall, extinguishing the fire, and returning to home. It is shown that the robot has successfully completed the mission on KRPAI 2013 with a success rate of 87.5%.
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Judul: Penentuan Nilai Eigen dan Vektor Eigen dari Matriks Tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz dengan Pendekatan Polinomial Chebyshev
Abstrak: The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a matrix can be determined by finding its characteristic polynomials. The characteristic polynomials of a tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz matrix is shown to be closely connected to polynomials which satisfy the Chebyshev recurrence relationship. If the order of the matrix is odd, then the eigenvalues are found explicitly in terms of the Chebyshev zeros and the eigenvectors are found in terms of the polynomials satisfying the recurrence relationship. For even ordered matrices, the situation is more complicated. The problem in these cases is that although the Chebyshev recurrence formula is still applied, its initial values are not generating Chebyshev polynomials
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