Judul: Intensitas Kebakaran Hutan dan Estimasi Heat Production Menggunakan Citra Landsat.
Abstrak: In 1997, Borneo forest burnt severely. Heat production (Q) represents the amount of heat energy which is produced from biomass burning. Fire intensity (I) is the rate of heat production. This study aims to obtain the estimated value of the Q and I of the forest fires in block C (Central Borneo) and block Bongan (East Borneo), to analyze the near-surface air temperature (Ta) before fire, shortly after the fire, few years after the recovery, and to estimate the time that is required to achieve the balance between CO2 emissions and CO2 uptake. Estimated value of Q and I were based on the amount of burnt biomass. Model of biomass estimation were resulted from the correlation between spectral radiance of SWIR band and ground biomass data of block Bongan. Differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) index were used to determine of burnt area. Analysis of Ta used energy balance method. The result of research shows that the highest value of Qtotal and Itotal occurred in low-severity plot. The highest value of Qaverage occurred in high-severity plot. The highest value of Iaverage occurred in low-severity plot. Equilibrium between CO2 emissions and CO2 uptake occurred in block Bongan and block C before 2014. The average value of Ta increased in the fire events and decreased in the next years due to recovery.
Keyword: biomass, CO2 emissions, heat energy, uptake of CO2, air temperature

Judul: Penentuan Kehilangan Cadangan Karbon Akibat Kebakaran Hutan Dengan Memanfaatkan Citra Satelit Landsat (Studi Kasus: Areal Danau Gelinggang Dan Sungai Berais, Kalimantan Barat)
Abstrak: Kegiatan alih guna lahan dari hutan ke fungsi lain seringnya dilakukan dengan membakar. Terbakarnya suatu vegetasi akan menyebabkan hilangnya biomassa dan menurunkan cadangan karbon serta memberikan kontribusi CO2 ke atmosfer. Pendugaan Above Ground Biomass (AGB) dilakukan dengan menghubungkan indeks vegetasi NDVI atau spektral radians band 6 Citra Satelit Landsat 8 dengan data biomassa hasil pengukuran lapang. Nilai biomassa yang hilang, penurunan cadangan karbon, dan kontribusi CO2 dengan menggunakan metode spektral radians band 6 berturut-turut sebesar, 103.1 ton/ha, 48.5 ton C/ha, dan 177.8 ton CO2/ha, sedangkan untuk metode NDVI sebesar 162.6 ton/ha, 76.4 ton C/ha, dan 280.5 ton CO2/ha. Kedua metode menghasilkan pendugaan AGB dengan baik (R2NDVI_sebelum = 0.6234,R2B6_sebelum = 0.6514,R2NDVI_setelah = 0.7945, R2B6_setelah = 0.7401) sehingga kedua metode dapat digunakan untuk estimasi biomassa. Berdasarkan nilai RMSE, model pendugaan AGB lebih seusai digunakan untuk tutupan lahan semak karena memiliki nilai RMSE yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan tutupan lahan lain. Terbakarnya vegetasi menyebabkan adanya heat production (Q). Total Q akibat kebakaran sebesar 325 200 kJ untuk metode spektral radians band 6 dan 461 900 kJ untuk metode NDVI. Nilai Q tertinggi terdapat pada tipe keparahan terbakar low severity burn karena memiliki luasan area yang paling besar.
Keyword: Band SWIR, biomassa, cadangan karbon, NBR, NDVI

Judul: Optimization of Alginate-Chitosan Microcapsules Formation for Leydig Cells Encapsulation
Abstrak: Hypogonadism is a clinical condition characterized by low concentrations of testosterone. It is caused by malfunction of Leydig cells in producing testosterone. Encapsulation method will protect the transplanted cells from the immune system rejection. The aims of this study was to optimize the formation of microcapsules for Leydig cells encapsulation. The microcapsules were made of alginate and chitosan as the first and the second coating agents, respectively. The result showed that the minimum concentration of alginate was 1.5% (w/v) with a viscosity of 33.8 cPs, resulted spherical microcapsules with diameters of 230-270 µm. The optimum concentration of chitosan as the second coating agent was 0.5% (w/v), resulted spherical microcapsule with mechanical stability in 4 hours. Leydig cells can be trapped inside the capsule with a density that proportional with concentration of cells used in the encapsulation.
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