Judul: Head’s Size and Shape on Etawah Grade Does at BBPTU-HPT Baturraden and BPTU-HPT Pelaihari.
Abstrak: Kambing Peranakan Etawah (PE) merupakan hasil grading up antara kambing etawah dan kambing kacang yang memiliki sifat dari tetuanya dan merupakan ternak popular di Indonesia. Proses adaptasi di lingkungan geografis berbeda memengaruhi ukuran dan bentuk kepala ternak yang khas dan bersifat mewaris. Penelitian bertujuan melihat respon adaptasi berdasarkan ukuran dan bentuk kepala pada 60 ekor kambing PE betina induk dewasa umur 3 ̶ 4 tahun (kondisi gigi I3) beserta pencirinya menggunakan data sekunder berasal dari BBPTU-HPT Baturraden dan BPTU-HPT Pelaihari. Variabel yang disertakan meliputi akrokranion-prosthion (X1), basion-prosthion (X2), panjang rahang bawah (X3), tinggi kepala (X4), tuber facial kiri-kanan (X5), nation-rhinion (X6), entorbitale kiri-kanan (X7), euryon kiri-kanan (X8) and supraorbitale kiri-kanan (X9). Hasil penelitian dapat menjadi informasi kelengkapan data dasar morfometrik kambing PE di Indonesia untuk pengembangan maupun konservasi. Analisis data menggunakan statistika deskriptif, T2-hotelling, analisis komponen utama. Hasil penelitian menunjukan penciri ukuran dan bentuk kepala kambing PE betina peternakan induk adalah basion- prosthion (X2) dan Panjang rahang bawah (X3). Visualisasi diagram kerumunan menunjukan bahwa kerumunan data Baturraden memiliki skor ukuran kepala lebih besar dengan skor bentuk lebih kecil sedangkan data Pelaihari ditemukan memiliki skor ukuran kepala lebih kecil dengan skor bentuk lebih kecil. Kata kunci: AKU, bentuk, ukuran, peranakan etawah, Etawah-grade goat or kambing peranakan etawah (PE) is the result of grading up between etawah goats and kacang goats that have the inheritance of their parents' trait and is popular livestock in Indonesia. The process of adaption in different geographic environments will affect its head’s size and head’s shape that distinctive and inherited. The purpose of this research is to see the respons of adaptation based on the head’s size and head’s shape of 60 does PE aged 3-4 years (tooth condition I3) and their characteristics used secondary data from BBPTU-HPT Baturraden and BPTU-HPT Pelaihari. Variables included will be akrokranion-prosthion (X1), basion-prosthion (X2), lower jaw length (X3), head height (X4), tuber facial leftright (X5), nation-rhinion (X6), entorbitale left-right (X7), euryon left-right (X8) and supraorbitale left-right (X9). The results of this study can be used as basic vi morphometric data of Etawah Grade does in Indonesia for development and conservation purpose. Data analyzed by descriptive statistics, T2-Hotelling, principal component analysis (PCA). Basion-prosthion became discriminators of Etawah grade does head size while discriminatots of Etawah Grade does head shape was lower jaw length (X3). Scattered diagram visualization of etawah grade does heads showed that Baturraden has bigger size score with smaller shape score and and the opposite occurs in Pelaihari. Keywords: etawah-grade, PCA, size, shape
Keyword: etawah-grade, PCA, size, shape

Judul: Peubah Pembeda Ukuran Tubuh Kambing Peranakan Etawah (PE) Induk Betina di antara Peternakan yang Berbeda
Abstrak: Kambing Peranakan Etawah (PE) merupakan hasil grading-up antara kambing etawah dan kambing kacang yang mewariskan sifat-sifat tetuanya. Perubahan morfologi pada kambing PE dapat terjadi akibat perbedaan adaptasi di kondisi ekologi yang berbeda-beda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui variabel pembeda ukuran permukaan tubuh kambing PE betina dewasa yang sudah laktasi (umur 3 tahun atau kondisi gigi I3) antara BBPTU-HPT Baturraden dan BPTU-HPT Pelaihari di Kalimantan Selatan. Pengukuran permukaan tubuh linear kambing PE meliputi tinggi pundak (X1), tinggi pinggul (X2), panjang badan (X3), lebar dada (X4), dalam dada (X5), lebar pinggul (X6), panjang pinggul (X7), lingkar dada (X8), dan lingkar kanon (X9). Data dianalisis dengan statistik deskriptif, T2 Hotelling, diskriminan Fisher, dan penggolongan Ward-Anderson. Peubah pembeda ukuran permukaan tubuh linear antara kambing PE betina peternakan Baturraden dan Pelaihari ditemukan sebanyak 6 buah, yaitu tinggi pundak (X1), lebar dada (X4), dalam dada (X5), panjang pinggul (X7), lingkar dada (X8), dan lingkar kanon (X9). Penggolongan Wald-Anderson menunjukkan bahwa kelompok kambing PE di peternakan Baturraden dan Pelaihari tidak memiliki kemimripan ukuran tubuh sehingga seluruh kelompok kambing PE di masing-masing peternakan dapat dipertahankan., Etawah-grade Goat is the result of grading up between etawah goat and kacang goat that has the inheritance of their parents' trait. Morphological changes in etawah-grade goat can occur due to differences in adaptation in different ecological conditions. The purpose of this research was to determine the discriminator variables of body size measurements in BBPTU-HPT Baturraden and BPTU-HPT Pelaihari with a total of 30 heads of does in each farm. Body size measurements was performed on 3 years old Etawah-grade does which consisted of withers height (X1), hip height (X2), body length (X3), chest width (X4), chest depth (X5), hip-width (X6), hip-length (X7), chest girth (X8), and cannon circumference (X9). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, T2-Hotelling, Fisher discriminant, and Wald-Anderson classification. Six discriminator variables were found in Baturraden and Pelaihari, consisted of withers height (X1), chest width (X4), chest depth (X5), hip-length (X7), chest girth (X8), and cannon circumference (X9). The classification of Wald-Anderson showed that Etawahgrade does of Baturraden and Pelaihari are not similar in body size so that all Etawah-grade does can be maintained on each farm.
Keyword: analisis diskriminan, kambing peranakan etawah, peubah pembeda, ukuran tubuh, body size measurements, discriminant analysis, discriminator variables, etawah-grade goat

Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4