Judul: Developing soil-landscape model to predict soil property distribution in tropical region: case study in Java Island
Abstrak: Soil property and its distribution are required as a basic input in planning, managing, and monitoring land resources as well as in assessing soil for improving crop productivity and in evaluating the impact of land use to environment. Yet, data collection consumes much money and time so that a new mapping approach is required. Some current advances in database technology, spatial mathematics, geospatial analysis, and computer technology can explore spatial pattern in legacy soil data more efficiently. A digital soil mapping makes use the available techniques and revitalizes data, but it has not been tested yet in the tropical region. This research aimed: (i) to develop soil-landscape models using legacy soil data from Java, (ii) to evaluate model transferability in other region, and (iii) to map soil property in new area using modified digital soil mapping framework based on legacy data. The research covers (i) legacy data collection and harmonization from Java Island, (ii) model development using stepwise regression and tree regression, (iii) model transferability evaluation in the Upper Cisadane Watershed in Bogor, West Java Province and in the Upper Sampean Watershed in Bondowoso, East Java Province, and (iv) soil map creation using a digital soil mapping technique in Upper Cisadane watershed. The study resulted in 96 soil-landscape models that have good predictive power to predict selected soil properties. The best model were models to predict thick of A horizon, depth to B horizon, clay percentage, pH, and cation exchange capacity. Model transferability in both watershed varied depending upon the combination of covariates and watershed characteristics. Models to predict soil depth was demonstrated to map soil depth distribution in the Upper Cisadane Watershed. The method, models, and dataset from this research could be used to assist in accelerating soil survey and mapping.
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Judul: Studi Pemetaan Tanah Dengan Menggunakanarealkuncidlkecamatan Ciomas Dan Padarincang Kabupaten Serang, Banten
Abstrak: As natural and dinamic heterogcncous product, soil character are different from one place to another, following the variation factors of soil formation. The accurate soil mapping are needed (0 support regional planning. Study of soil mapping by using key area in Subdistrict of Ciomas and Padarincang of Serang Regency have been done.• The objective of this study are: to learn variation, characteristics, classification and delineation the soil mapping unit in the key area, to explore the soil mapping unit from the key area to entire survey area. That data are compared with data from Team of FEM IPB survey result (Team ofFEM IPB, 2003), that using combination ofLandlorm and Grid System methodes. Determination of key area was conducted at representatif area based on landform analyse from topographic and geological maps. At the key area, field observation of soil characteristic, and classification with Soil Taxonomy (Soil Survey Staff, 1996 and 1999). Was done the observation also for land characteristics. Therefore, design of soil mapping unit covered in the key area and factor that determine delineation of soil mapping unit, could be learned. Extrapolation to entire survey area due to relation of soil mapping unit at the key area with consideration of the landform. Survey area covered 15.365 Ha and the wide of key area 1.482 Ha. Soil subgroup in the key area are Typic Hapludults, Typic Dystrudepts, Lithic Eutrudox, Typic Kandiudox, Typic Endoaqualfs, Typic Hydraquents, Sulfic Tropaquepts and Lithic Troporthents. Soil subgroups based on FEM IPB Team are Thapto-Histic Fluvaquents, Aeric Tropic Fluvaquents, Tropic Fluvaquents, Thapto-Histic Tropic Fluvaquents, Typic Hydraquents, Typic Kandiudox, Aquic Kandiudox, Typic Hapludults and Lithic Tropaquepts. The survey area with volcanic slope landforms, that covered SPT 1, 2, 3, 4, and SPT 5, were found 6 subgroup of soil, while in mapping that done by Team FEM IPB, that covered SPT 4, 6, 7, 8, 9 and SPT 10, were found 7 soil subgroup. Of the closed depression landform (SPT 6 and 7) there were 3 soil subgroups, but according to the FEM IPB Team that covered SPT 1,2,3 and SPT 5 consist 5 soil subgroups. Mapping by using key area produce more accurate soil mapping unit at volcanic slope landforms, but less covering all soil varieties at flat area of closed depression landform. Grid system are better to do in flat survey area.
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Judul: Katalis Zink Ferit Tersubstitusi Cu untuk Oksidasi Benzil Alkohol
Abstrak: Katalis berperan dalam menurunkan energi aktivasi. Katalis ZnFe2O4 dan ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu disintesis menggunakan metode kopresipitasi untuk digunakan dalam oksidasi benzil alkohol. Katalis dicirikan dengan spektrofotometer inframerah (FTIR) dan difraktometer sinar-X. Spektrum FTIR menunjukkan puncak serapan dari ikatan Zn-O dan Fe-O masing-masing pada rentang 559‒575 cm-1 dan 419‒447 cm-1. Difraktogram menunjukkan terbentuknya fase tunggal Zn0.6Cu0.4Fe2O4 pada katalis ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu 20%. Benzil alkohol dioksidasi dengan sistem refluks. Konversi benzil alkohol meningkat dengan meningkatnya suhu. Kadar benzaldehida yang dihasilkan dengan katalis ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu 20% lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan katalis ZnFe2O4 yang tidak tersubstitusi dan yang tersubstitusi Cu 60 dan 80%. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa katalis ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu 20% memiliki kinerja yang lebih baik dalam oksidasi benzil alkohol menjadi benzaldehida dengan kadar benzaldehida 8.763%.
Keyword: Benzil alkohol, katalis, oksidasi, ZnFe2O4