Judul: Effect of Crude Palm Oil Consumption on the Level of Plasma Beta-Carotene, Malondialdehyde and Xanthine Oxidase Activity of Blood Plasma and Product Acceptance by Low-Income Respondents at Dramaga and Babakan Village, District of Bogor
Abstrak: Crude palm oil (CPO) is obtained from mesocarp extraction of palm fruit (Elaesis guineensis Jacq). CPO contains beta carotene around 400 – 1000 ppm. Beta carotene from CPO has some biological activities, such as vitamin A activity, protecting from UV rays, regulating immune function, controlling cell proliferation, and antioxidant activity. As an antioxidant, CPO can inhibit free radicals that cause lipid peroxidation, or anion superoxide production mediated by xanthine oxidase system. This research was a case study on SawitA program, that aimed to identify respondent acceptance of CPO as natural source of vitamin A. This research was intended to evaluate the effect of CPO consumption on the level of beta-carotene, malondialdehyde and xanthine oxidase activity in blood plasma. This study implicated 78 low-income respondents that were given about 140 ml CPO/week for 2 months, freely. Plasma blood from 22 healthy housewives respondents were analysed before and after consuming CPO. This study showed that daily consumption of approximately 2,94 ml CPO increased the level of plasma beta carotene from 1,907±1,006 to 1,965±0,762 μmol/l, reduced the level of malondialdehyde from 0,482±0,237 to 0,408±0,19 nmol/ml, but did not effect xanthine oxidase activity significantly. In addition, low-income respondents can accept CPO as a new product very well as part of their daily cooking oil.
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Judul: Konsumsi Minyak Sawit Mentah (MSMn) Dapat Diterima dan Memperbaiki Profil Lipid serta Menurunkan Kadar C-Reactive Protein (C-RP) Plasma Ibu Usia Produktif Di Kecamatan Dramaga Kabupaten Bogor.
Abstrak: Crude palm oil (CPO) contains carotenoids, including beta carotene around 400-1000 ppm as provitamin A and vitamin E (tocopherol and tocotrienol) around 559-1000 ppm. Fatty acid composition of red palm oil consists of 50% saturated fatty acids and 50% unsaturated fatty acids. Unsaturated fatty acids in red palm oil can up regulate LDL cholesterol receptors there by increasing catabolism of LDL cholesterol. Tocotrienols in palm oil can inhibit 3-hydroxy-3- methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase in cholesterol biosynthetic pathway. Beta carotene and vitamin E in red palm oil are powerful antioxidant against free radicals. C-reactive protein (C-RP) is a marker of inflammation, the antioxidants in red palm oil can reduce the incidence of inflammation. The purpose of this study was to determine the acceptance of CPO as cooking oil and the effect of its consumption on lipid profile and C-reactive protein. Subjects total of 151 families, including 508 respondents were given 140 ml CPO in plastic bottle weekly for 2 months freely. The distribution was accompanied with socialization of oil benefit and utilization with five types of questionnaires. For plasma analysis, blood from 33 mothers of childbearing age were withdrawn before and after oil distribution and analyzed for C-reactive protein and lipid profile. The oil was accepted by the respondent and used as cooking oil. The results showed that consumption of red palm oil reduce absorbance levels of CRP from 0,111 to 0,103, total cholesterol from 168,3 mg/dL to 158,0 mg/dL, LDL cholesterol from 98,7 mg/dL to 81,1 mg/dL, ratio total cholesterol:HDL from 4,3 to 3,5 and increase HDL cholesterol from 41,5 mg/dL to 45,6 mg/dL was significantly (p <0.05), but not significantly lower triglyceride levels
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Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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