Judul: Aktivitas Antifungi Ekstrak Daun Sirih Hijau (Piper betle L.) Terhadap Candida tropicalis
Abstrak: Betel leaf (Piper betle L.) is a medicinal plant that is widely used in treating various diseases, including vaginal candidiasis. One of the causes of this disease is Candida tropicalis. The aim of this study was to decide the effective concentration of the green betel leaf extract (Piper betle L.) as an anti-candidiasis (in vitro) against Candida tropicalis. Optimization of the effective concentration used the well diffusion method and analysis of the compounds used GC-MS. Green betel leaves were extracted using three solvents : water, ethanol 70%, and acetone. The percentage yield of acetone extract was greater than the water and the ethanol extracts, that was 19.64 %. From the result of phytochemical analysis, it was known that the acetone extract contains saponins, tannins, triterpenoids and steroids. Antibacterial activity test showed that all extracts have inhibitory effect on Candida tropicalis. Based on research data, acetone extract at 6.25 mg/mL is chosen as the effective concentration. The chemical components of green betel leaf acetone extract that have potential as anti-Candida tropicalis were benzoic acid; 2-hexadecen-1-ol, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl and neophytadiene.
Keyword: Anti-candidiasis, Candida tropicalis, Piper betle L.

Judul: Aktivitas Ekstrak Daun Miana (Coleus scuttellarioides [L] Benth) Sebagai Antifungi Candida tropicalis
Abstrak: Candidiasis is an infection caused by yeast of Candida tropicalis. One of the leaves thought to contain anti microbial is (Coleus scutellarioides [L] Benth) leaves. The aim of this study is to test the activity of the leaf extract (Coleus scutellarioides [L] Benth) as an antifungal Candida tropicalis in vitro. This using diffusion wells and growth methods. Extracts tested are aquades extract, 70% ethanol extract and acetone extract of leaves miana. The extract can inhibit the growth of Candida tropicalis is miana leaf acetone extract. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration acetone extract solvent is DMSO and acetone, respectively at 25 mg/mL with inhibition zone diameter 1.55 mm and 1.50 mm.The results of statistical tests with SPSS 16.0 software showed that acetone extract of the (Coleus scutellarioides [L] Benth) leaves can significantly inhibit the growth of Candida tropicalis (ANOVA α 0.05) although its inhibition zone diameter is less than Nystatin. Acetone extract was analyzed by GC-MS and have the dominant content of the compound is 2-hexadecen-1-ol, 3, 7, 11, 15-tetramethyl-, [R-[R*, R*- (E)]] – (CAS) phytol and neophytadiene.
Keyword: extract (Coleus scutellarioides [L] Benth), C. tropicalis, antimicrobial

Judul: Peramalan Ekonomi dengan Model Ekspektasi Rasional Linear
Abstrak: Economic forecasting is an activity to predict the future using economic theory to provide a systematic explanation of the past, which is assumed to occur in the future. One of the models used in economic forecasting is rational expectation. Rational expectation essentially attempts to predict future economic variables to make the right policy. The model discussed in this work is linear. In this study, the macroeconomic dynamics are described into four structural equations, including the output gap, output, inflation and nominal interest rates. This model also involves four variables as sources of exogenous shocks on several economic indicators. Structural equations are then formulated in the form of linear rational expectation model and solved simultaneously by using the undetermined coefficient method. By transforming the solution of this model into state space form, the impulse responses of each endogenous variable due to shocks are given.
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