Judul: Kajian Potensi Beberapa Ekstrak Tanaman Herbal sebagai Anti Asam Urat dan Aktivitas Inhibisinya terhadap Xantina Oksidase
Abstrak: Artritis gout (asam urat) adalah penyakit gangguan sendi. Pencegahan gout dapat dilakukan dengan cara memberikan obat-obatan yang bekerja langsung pada enzim yang berperan meningkatkan kadar asam urat yaitu xantina oksidase. Penghambatan xantina oksidase terjadi oleh alopurinol. Penelitian bertujuan meninjau berbagai tulisan mengenai potensi beberapa ekstrak tanaman herbal sebagai inhibisi terhadap xantina oksidase untuk mengetahui potensinya sebagai anti gout (asam urat). Metode yang digunakan adalah menelaah pustaka primer berbagai tulisan, berupa jurnal, berita, makalah, skripsi, tesis, dan disertasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat beberapa tanaman herbal yang memiliki senyawa aktif seperti flavonoid yang mampu menjadi inhibitor bagi xantina oksidase. Tanaman tersebut di antaranya, sidaguri, tempuyung, daun salam, daun alpukat, daun jarum tujuh bilah, dan keladi candik. Tanaman-tanaman tersebut memiliki potensi yang baik dalam menghambat xantina oksidase. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai aktivitas inhibisinya yang lebih tinggi dari alopurinol, Gout artritis (uric acid) is a disease of joint disorders. Prevention of gout can be done by giving drugs that work directly on enzymes that play a role in increasing uric acid levels, is xanthine oxidase. Allopurinol is inhibited by xanthine oxidase. This study aims to review various articles on the potential of several herbal plant extracts as xanthine oxidase inhibitors to determine their potential as anti-gout. The method used is a literature review for the primary literature of various kinds of writings, in the form of journa ls, news, papers, theses, and dissertations. The results showed that there were several herbal plants that had active compounds such as flavonoids which were able to become inhibitors of xanthine oxidase. These plants include sidaguri, tempuyung, bay leaves, avocado leaves, jarum tujuh bilah leaves, and keladi taro. These plants have good potential in inhibiting xanthine oxidase. This can be seen from the value of its inhibitory activity which is better than alopurinol.
Keyword: gout, alopurinol, herbal plants, inhibition.

Judul: Penapisan Senyawa Aktif Daun Sirsak, Putri Malu, Alang-alang dan Pandan Wangi sebagai Inhibitor Xantina Oksidase secara in Silico
Abstrak: Gout adalah penyakit kronis yang disebabkan oleh pengendapan kristal natrium urat. Salah satu cara mengatasi penyakit ini adalah dengan menurunkan kadar asam urat melalui penghambatan kinerja enzim xantina oksidase (XO). Allopurinol yang merupakan analog purina adalah salah satu obat penghambat XO komersial. Upaya mencari senyawa baru yang berpotensi dapat menurunkan kadar asam urat dari tumbuhan berkhasiat obat telah lama dilakukan melalui isolasi senyawa murni dan turunannya sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan obat modern. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan informasi tanaman herbal yang berpotensi dapat menghambat kinerja XO dengan melakukan penapisan senyawa aktif yang berasal dari daun sirsak, putri malu, alang-alang, dan pandan wangi sebagai inhibitor enzim XO secara in silico dengan metode penapisan virtual dan penambatan molekuler. Parameter yang digunakan adalah energi ikatan (ΔG), konstanta inhibisi (Ki), dan ikatan yang terbentuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan senyawa (E,E)-pandanamina dari pandan wangi berpotensi paling tinggi sebagai inhibitor enzim XO dengan ΔG sebesar -9,28 kkal/mol, Ki 0,16 µM, dan nilai binding site similarity (%BSS) sebesar 88,89%. Selanjutnya, senyawa aktif ini dapat diisolasi dari daun pandan wangi untuk dijadikan kandidat obat pada pengobatan penyakit gout., Gout is a chronic disease caused by the deposition of sodium urate crystals. One of the treatments for this disease is to reduce uric acid levels through the inhibition of the enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO). Allopurinol which an analog of purines is one of the commercially available XO inhibitor drugs. Various studies have been carried out to find new potential compounds to reduce uric acid levels from medicinal plants, which have long been carried out through the isolation of pure compounds and their derivatives as basic ingredients for making modern medicines. This study aims to obtain the information on potential herbal plants to inhibit XO activity by screening active compounds derived from soursop leaves, mimosa, cogongrass, and pandanus as XO enzyme inhibitors in silico by virtual screening and molecular docking methods. The parameters analyzed are bond energy (ΔG), inhibition constant (Ki), and the bonds formed. The results of this study indicated that (E,E)-pandanamine from pandanus had the highest potential as XO enzyme inhibitor with ΔG of -9,28 kcal/mol, Ki of 0,16 µM, and the value of binding site similarity (% BSS) is 88,89%. Furthermore, this active compound can be isolated from pandanus leaves to be used as a drug candidate in the treatment of gout.
Keyword: gout, uric acid, virtual screening, molecular docking, xanthine oxidse

Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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