Judul: Food and Feeding Habits of Moonfish (Mene  maculata Bloch & Schneider, 1801) in Palabuhanratu Bay
Abstrak: Ikan semar (M. maculata) merupakan jenis ikan yang memiliki nilai ekonomis dan ekologis di Teluk Palabuhanratu. Informasi biologi tentang ikan semar masih sangat sedikit terutama aspek makanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis makanan dan kebiasaan makan ikan semar (M. maculata) di Teluk Palabuhanratu. Penelitian dilakukan selama enam bulan dimulai dari bulan September 2021 hingga Februari 2022. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari distribusi frekuensi panjang, hubungan panjang bobot, faktor kondisi, indeks bagian terbesar, luas relung makanan, tumpang tindih makanan, dan morfometrik terkait makanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan makanan ikan semar terdiri atas Crustacea, potongan ikan, Nematoda, Echinodermata, dan Chaetognatha, dengan makanan utama adalah Crustacea. Diameter mata berkisar 0,2-0,56 mm dan lebar bukaan mulut berkisar 0,25-1,03 mm. Nilai luas relung 0,30 dan tumpang tindih antar jenis kelamin 0,99. Ikan semar (M. maculata) merupakan ikan karnivor nokturnal dengan potensi persaingan makanan yang tinggi dilihat berdasarkan waktu pengambilan contoh, jenis kelamin, dan kelompok ukuran., Moonfish (M. maculata) is a type of fish that has economic and ecological value in Palabuhanratu Bay. Biological information about moonfish is still very little, especially regarding the food aspect. This study aims to analyze the food and feeding habits of the moonfish (M. maculata) in Palabuhanratu Bay. The research was conducted for six months starting from September 2021 to February 2022. The analysis used in this study consisted of length frequency distribution, length weight relationship, condition factor, largest portion index, food niche area, food overlap, and food-related morphometrics. The results showed that the diet of semar fish consisted of Crustaceans, fish pieces, nematodes, echinoderms and Chaetognatha, with the main food being Crustaceans. The eye diameter ranges from 0,2-0,56 mm and the mouth opening width ranges from 0,25-1,03 mm. The value of the niche area is 0,30 and the overlap between the sexes is 0,99. Semar fish (M. maculata) is a nocturnal carnivorous fish with a high potential for food competition based on sampling time, sex, and size group.
Keyword: Crustacea, food, moonfish, Palabuhanratu

Judul: Status Stock of Moonfish, Mene maculata (Bloch & Schneider, 1801), Based on Spawning Potential Ratio in Palabuhanratu Bay
Abstrak: Ikan semar (Mene maculata) merupakan salah satu tangkapan utama nelayan di Teluk Palabuhanratu dan memiliki nilai ekonomis yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan status stok ikan semar di Teluk Palabuhanratu sebagai dasar pengelolaan perikanan yang berkelanjutan. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan September 2021 hingga Februari 2022 dengan ukuran contoh ikan sebanyak 522 ekor. Jumlah ikan semar jantan lebih dominan dibandingkan ikan semar betina. Analisis pertumbuhan dengan metode ELEFAN menghasilkan panjang asimtotik (L∞) dan koefisien pertumbuhan (K) ikan semar jantan memiliki perbedaan dengan ikan semar betina. Analisis mortalitas menduga laju eksploitasi ikan jantan sebesar 0,73 dan betina sebesar 0,62 yang berarti ikan semar mengalami eksploitasi lebih. Analisis rasio potensi pemijahan berdasarkan ukuran panjang (LB-SPR) menunjukkan ikan semar jantan dan betina memiliki nilai SPR di bawah 40% sehingga diduga mengalami tangkap lebih rekrutmen., Moonfish (Mene maculata) is one of the main catches of fishermen in Palabuhanratu Bay and has important economic value. This research aims to determine the status of the moonfish stock in Palabuhanratu Bay as a basis for sustainable fisheries management. Data collected from September 2021 to February 2022 with a sample size of 522 fish. The number of male moonfish exceeded that of females. Growth analysis using the ELEFAN method resulted in different asymptotic length (L∞) and growth coefficient (K) values for male and female moonfish. Mortality analysis estimated that the exploitation rate for male moonfish is 0,73 and female moonfish is 0,62, which means they may be experiencing overfished. The analysis of length based - spawning potential ratio (LB-SPR) indicates that both male and female moonfish have SPR values below 40%, suggesting that they may be experiencing recruitment overfishing.
Keyword: exploitation rate, moonfish, Palabuhanratu Bay, stock status, sustainable fisheries

Judul: Query Expansion based on Bilingual Dictionary Using Conditional Probability
Abstrak: Query expansion is a technique that can be used to bridge vocabulary gaps between queries and documents in the collection. With query expansion, user will be helped to formulate queries well so that user will optimize the search result. In this study, the expansion term was resulted from the translation of bilingual dictionary. Subsequently, several terms of expansion were elected based on the closeness of its relationship with the original query. This research showed that conditional probability can be used to select expansion term in bilingual translation method query expansion. The result of 1000 documents was more than 97% relevan document can be retrieved by this system. The more expansion term used, the larger number relevan document was retrieved.
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