Judul: Mutation Identification in Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor IB (BMPR-IB) and Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 (BMP15) Genes are Associated with Proliferation in Prolific Garut Sheep.
Abstrak: Garut sheep is prolific sheep breed. A group of growth factor that is especially expressed in oocyte and ovarian follicle is grouped as oocyted-derived growth factor (ODGF), also known as the Tansforming Growth Factor β (TGFβ). Proliferation in sheep controlled by three main factor of TGFβ that are Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor IB (BMPR-IB), Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 (BMP15) and Growth Differentiation Factor 9 (GDF9). Mutation identification in the 6th exon of BMPR-IB gene and 2nd exon of BMP15 gene was done in this research. Genotype composition of BMPR-IB gene in prolific Garut sheep consist of BB (11%), B- (69%), and – (20%). The frequency of B allele (mutant type) was 46% and -- allele (wild type) was 54%. Genotype composition of BMP15 gene was ++ (100%). These implied that there was no Galway mutation in BMP15 gene. Further detection of mutation on the 2nd exon of BMP15 gene using SSCP method was found four type of mutation denoted by A, B, C, D. All genotype had successfully detected; either as single or combined gene; were suggested that there was no correlation between gene and litter size.
Keyword: 

Judul: Potensi gen bmpr-1b dan bmp-15 sebagai penciri untuk seleksi sifat prolifik pada domba ekor gemuk (DEG) Lombok
Abstrak: The Lomboknese fat tailed sheep (LFTS) is a local sheep that have been long time raised and well adapted to the extreme environments of Lombok island. The aim of this study was to identify the BMPR-1B and BMP-15 genes and their influences on the prolification of the LFTS. Polymorphism of BMPR-IB and BMP-15 genes were identified with restriction enzymes AvaII and HinfI. Data were analyzed based on allele frequencies and t test was applied to compare the mean values of litter size in different genotypes. The results of study showed that polymorphism of BMPR-1B gene resulted in three genotypes, namely : ++ (140 bp/140 bp), B+ (140 bp/109 bp/31 bp) and BB (109 bp/31 bp) with allele + and B frequencies were 0.839 and 0.161, respectively. While BMP-15 gene resulted in two genotypes, namely ++ (110 bp/110 bp) and G+ (141 bp / 110 bp) with allele G and + frequencies were 0.946 and 0.054, respectively. Chi-square test for confirming the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium showed that both BMPR-1B and BMP-15 genes were in the equilibrium conditions. A highly significant difference (P<0.01) in the average of litter size in different genotypes was observed. The highest average of litter size was found in the genotype combination of the two genes (B+/G+), namely 1.781±0.123 lambs, while the lowest average was obtained in the genotype ++/++, namely 1.015 ± 0.063 lambs.
Keyword: 

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
Keyword: