Judul: Disparity analysis of fishery resources utilization in East Java Province coastal area management perspective
Abstrak: Indonesia consists of 70% sea, a big potential of diversity, 6.1 million ton per year of fishery, and 57% have utilized. Law No.27, 2007 said that fishery resources potential should be managed well, while said that authority of fishery management should be decentralized to province/regency-city government as broad as to increase people’s welfare and local competition. The objectives of this study were to 1) identify disparity of fishery resources utilization in East Java coastal area; 2) to identify disparity of East Java coastal area development, and 3) to arrange the strategy of East Java coastal area management. The study has done by quantitative and qualitative phenomenological by survey method. North location of this study represented by Lamongan Regency, while the south location represented by Trenggalek Regency. Disparity of fishery resources utilization in coastal area management perspective caused development disparity in north coastal area and south coastal area in East Java Province. The characteristic of north coastal area was more opened and has high economic activity network. It showed economical dynamic which higher than others. Planning and arranging area development strategy should be directed to maturing organization and revitalization its function. In the south coastal area, according to its diversity, resources condition, decentralization maturity level, and region authority, it should be directed to investment which bigger both the number of variety and the number of infrastructure unit, and facility of area development.
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Judul: Sustainable management of capture fishery in Jakarta Waters, DKI Jakarta Province
Abstrak: Jakarta Waters is categorized as fully exploited water areas which its coastal areas accommodate multifunction services. Therefore, it needs precautionary approach to manage fisheries activity and its resource in the location. This is important to sustain the potential resource, provide prosperity to fishermen as well as coastal communities. The general objectives of this study are to arrange the sustainable fishery management in Jakarta Waters, while specific objectives of this study are to evaluate capture fishery management status; to determine optimum allocation of potential fishing gears and fisheries development areas based on potential fishing gears; to analyze the various components affecting to capture fishery activity based on suitable area and to analyze internal and external conditions in order to arrange the strategies for sustainable fishery management in Jakarta Waters. The methods used in this study were system approach, SWOT analysis, Linear Goal Programming (LGP) analysis, analysis of Location Quotients (LQ), Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis, and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The results revealed that the management of capture fishery in Jakarta Waters was categorized as "kurang baik" with the total scores of 2.529 and 2.747 for internal and external factors analysis, matrix IE pointed out that the position of fishery management at growth level which need strategy to do coordination horizontally with the other stakeholders. By using GIS analysis, it was identified that 52,89% of Jakarta Waters can be used for capture fishery, less than 25% can be used for fish farming (cage culture) and less than 15% can be used for seeweed culture. Meanwhile the potential fishing gears to be developed were pelagic danish seine, drift gillnet, boat lift net, set bottom long line, portable trap and muro ami which have the optimum allocation for each fishing gear; 7 units, 98 units, 23 units, 18 units, 8547 units, and 798 units. The potential fishing gears for pelagic danish seine could be developed in Penjaringan and North Seribu Island Districts; drift gillnet could be developed in Cilincing District; boat lift net could be developed in Penjaringan District; set bottom long line could be developed in Penjaringan District; portable trap could be developed in Cilincing and South Seribu Island Districts while muro ami could be developed in Penjaringan and South Seribu Island Districts. The study identified that there are several important strategies to support sustainable capture fishery management, from the first priority to the last are small-scale fishery standardization, integrated management to conserve the ecosystem function, quality product improvement, fishing days opreration management by implementing closed – open seasons, increasing independent fishermen capability, human resources empowerment, extention for fishermen and increasing capture fishery activities supervision. As the first priority, the standardization of small-scale fishery should be stable against changes in the dimension of biology and quite stable against changes in the ecological, economic, social and technological dimension.
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Judul: Peran Antibodi Kuning Telur (IgY) Sebagai Anti Adhesi dan Opsonin Untuk Pencegahan Serangan Mutan Streptococcus Serotipe d (Streptococcus Sobrinus)
Abstrak: Ayam petelur memiliki peran penting sebagai penghasil antibodi poliklonal. Antibodi ayam atau dikenal dengan imunoglobulin Y (IgY) dapat dipurifikasi dari kuning telur. Biaya untuk memproduksi IgY relatif lebih murah daripada antibodi mamalia karena biaya pemeliharaan ayam tidak mahal, relatif lebih mudah dan cepat menghasilkan telur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari peran IgY spesifik MS serotipe d (Streptococcus sobrinus) (IgY-Ss) sebagai anti adhesi dan opsonin pada sel epitel pipi. IgY spesifik dikoleksi dari telur ayam Single Comb Brown Leghorn yang telah diimunisasi dengan antigen utuh S. sobrinus. Imunisasi diaplikasikan secara intravena dengan dosis antigen utuh S. sobrinus 0,5 ml (109CFU) selama tiga hari berturut-turut pada minggu pertama . Kemudian dilakukan pengulangan imunisasi (booster) sebanyak tiga kali dengan interval waktu seminggu secara intramuskular dengan dosis antigen utuh S. sobrinus 1 ml (109CFU) dalam Freud’s adjuvant complete pada minggu kedua dan dalam Freud’s adjuvant incomplete pada minggu ketiga dan keempat. Uji agar gel presipitasi (AGP) dilakukan untuk mengetahui terbentuknya IgY spesifik S.sobrinus (IgY-Ss). Ayam yang serum dan telurnya positif pada uji AGP kemudian telurnya di koleksi untuk dilakukan ekstraksi. Ekstraksi IgY-Ss dari kuning telur menggunakan metode PEG-amonium sulfat kemudian dipurifikasi dengan fast protein liquid chromatography. Konsentrasi IgY-Ss yang telah dimurnikan dihitung dengan spektrofotometer UV. Kemudian berat molekul IgYSs ditentukan dengan metode SDS Page dan menggunakan pewarnaan Commasie blue. Aktifitas biologis IgY-Ss sebagai anti adhesi dipelajari dengan assay adhesi secara in vitro menggunakan sel epitel pipi manusia. Assay adhesi dilakukan dengan dosis IgY-Ss 100 μg . Peran IgY-Ss sebagai opsonin dipelajari dengan assay fagositosis menggunakan dosis IgY sebesar 100 μg. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah IgY-Ss telah terbentuk dalam serum pada minggu kelima, sedangkan dalam telur pada minggu kesembilan setelah imunisasi pertama. Pre-inkubasi 100 μg IgY-Ss pada sel bakteri dan epitel pipi mampu menurunkan nilai adhesi dari 39,9 sel bakteri/ sel epitel pipi menjadi 30,7 sel bakteri/ sel epitel pipi. Opsonisasi dengan 100 μg IgY-Ss tidak meningkatkan aktifitas fagositosis namun hanya meningkatkan kapasitas fagositosis makrofag dari 1,6 sel bakteri/ makrofag menjadi 5,17 sel bakteri/ makrofag. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ayam mampu memproduksi IgY spesifik anti S. sobrinus (IgY-Ss) pada serum dan kuning telur. Proses opsonisasi IgY-Ss pada S. sobrinus dapat meningkatkan kapasitas fagositosis. Preinkubasi IgY-Ss pada S. sobrinus (107 CFU/ ml) dan sel epitel pipi (105 sel) dapat mengurangi adhesi bakteri tersebut pada sel.
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