Judul: Pengaruh Jus Silase dan Antibiotik Pemacu Pertumbuhan terhadap Kandungan Salmonella sp. pada Yolk dan Indeks Albumin.
Abstrak: Jus silase (JS), secara in vitro, teruji memiliki kemampuan menghambat pertumbuhan Salmonella sp. Sebuah penelitian dengan desain rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dilakukan untuk menguji kemampuan JS tersebut yang dapat menjadi alternatif pengganti antibiotik pemacu pertumbuhan (APP) untuk mengurangi kandungan Salmonella sp. pada yolk. Penelitian menggunakan ayam yang didistribusikan pada 4 taraf perlakuan, yaitu P1) kontrol; P2) diberi pakan mengandung APP; P3) diberi minum mengandung JS 0.3% v/v; serta P4) diberi pakan mengandung APP dan diberi minum mengandung JS 0.3% v/v. Telur yang diperoleh disimpan selama 0, 3, 6, 9, hingga 12 hari untuk diuji kandungan Salmonella sp. pada yolk dan indeks albumin (terkait sifat metabolit asam Salmonella sp. yang diduga dapat menjaga kekentalan albumin). Perlakuan memberikan hasil yang berbeda (P<0.05) pada kandungan Salmonella sp. yolk setelah hari ke-12 penyimpanan dimana kandungan Salmonella sp. pada yolk P3 lebih banyak (P<0.05) dibandingkan dengan yolk P2, tetapi tidak memberikan hasil yang berbeda (P>0.05) pada indeks albumin. Seluruh telur hasil keempat taraf perlakuan hanya aman dikonsumsi hingga hari ke-3 penyimpanan.
Keyword: indeks albumin, jus silase, Salmonella sp.

Judul: Daya Hambat Jus Silase dengan Umur Penyimpanan Berbeda terhadap Pertumbuhan Salmonella sp.
Abstrak: Silase mengandung asam organik serta Bakteri Asam Laktat (BAL) yang diketahui mampu menghambat bakteri patogen. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama penyimpanan jus silase yang diberi perlakuan sentrifugasi, disimpan dalam botol terang dan gelap terhadap derajat keasaman (pH), total bakteri asam laktat, daya hambat terhadap bakteri Salmonella sp. dan pH pada air minum broiler. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis uji deskriptif pada peubah derajat keasaman (pH), total bakteri asam laktat, daya hambat terhadap bakteri Salmonella sp. dengan perlakuan A (botol terang non-sentrifugasi), A` (botol terang sentrifugasi), B (botol gelap non sentrifugasi), B` (botol gelap sentrifugasi) yang disimpan selama 7 hari. Pada peubah pH air minum broiler diberi perlakuan R0 (air minum kontrol), R1 (antibiotik growth promotor Zinc Bacitracin sebanyak 0.01%) R2 (0.2% jus silase dalam air minum) R3 (0.4% jus silase dalam air minum) menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL)-ANOVA. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan jus silase non sentrifugasi baik dalam botol terang maupun botol gelap memiliki kemampuan yang lebih tinggi dalam mempertahankan pH dan menghambat bakteri patogen dibandingkan jus silase yang disentrifugasi. Pemberian jus silase dalam air minum broiler memberikan pengaruh nyata dapat menurunkan pH air minum broiler, namun masih dalam batas air yang normal untuk dikonsumsi broiler. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa daya hambat jus silase menurun dengan perlakuan sentrifugasi dan masih dapat bertahan sampai umur 2 hari waktu penyimpanan.
Keyword: Salmonella sp, us silase, penyimpanan, pH

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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