Judul: Metode Pengukuran Kadar Air Beberapa Mempergunakan Alat Sederhana
Abstrak: Kadar air yang terlalu tinggi atau rendah sangat menentukan mutu benih selama pengolahan dan penyimpanan. Apablila kadar air tersebut tidak diperhatikan, mungkin benih yang dihasilkan tidak dapat digunakan sama sekali akibat kemunduran atau mati.
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Judul: Rancangan prototipe alat pengukur kadar air biji - bijian dengan sensor elektroda berpolaritas berubah
Abstrak: Peningkatan produksi biji-bijian tidak semata-mata tergantung pada peningkatan usaha intensifikasi maupun ektensifikasi, tetapi juga menyangkut masalah pasca panen. Dalam setiap tahapan proses penanganan pasca panen penting untuk diketahui keadaan sifat fisik biji seperti kadar air, kerusakan biji dan keseragaman biji. Kadar air merupakan sifat fisik yang penting diketahui. Metoda pengukuran kadar air secara gravimetri merupakan metoda baku. Waktu yang lama, peralatan yang kurang praktis dan adanya tenggang waktu antara kondisi terukur dan kondisi yang seharusnya diukur merupakan masalah pada metoda gravimetri. Pengukuran kadar air biji dengan sensor elektroda berpolaritas berubah didasarkan pada prinsip resistansi dan kapasitansi. Kandungan air dalam biji merupakan penghantar yang mempunyai hambatan listrik. Efek kapasitansi terjadi karena adanya arus berpolaritas berubah yang dialirkan pada elektroda. Kapasitansi menyebabkan timbulnya reaktansi kapasitip. Resistansi dan reaktansi kapasitip yang bekerja secara paralel merupakan suatu kesatuan fungsional di dalam mendeteksi perubahan kadar air. Dalam studi ini telah dirancang dan dibuat prototipe alat pengukur kadar air biji-bijian dengan sensor elektroda berpolaritas berubah. Prototipe alat terdiri dari unit mekanis pengindera, unit pengolah sinyal dan unit peraga, yang menghasilkan suatu hubungan antara kadar air biji (KA) dengan tegangan keluaran (Te) maupun arus peragaan (A)…dst
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Judul: The isolation and molecular identification of papillomavirus in macaca fascicularis and macaca nemestrina at animal facility of primate research centre – Bogor Agricultural University.
Abstrak: Cervical cancer is still regarded as a major cause of death in women world wide, hence research on papilloma viruses, their drugs and vaccines for the prevention are still continued. Papilloma virus is a DNA virus of the family papillomaviridae. Papilloma virions have no sheath, the diameter of 55 nm, and icosahedral capsid. The virus multiplies in the cell nucleus and causes chronic latent infection. The virus genome has a circular form, 8 kbp in length with 8 open reading frames. The genome is divided into early (E) and late (L) genes. The E gen synthesizes 6 E proteins, namely E1, E2, E4, E5, E6 and E7, which are linked into the process of viral replication and oncogenes. Meanwhile, the L gene synthesizes 2 proteins, the L1 and L2, which are related to the formation of the capsid (Hakim 2010). In order to obtain the best result of the cancer research, it is highly requested to obtain appropriate animal model that reflect aspects of human disease. Non-human primates have high similarity with humans, both in terms of the evolution of the genetic, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and organ systems, as well as in cancer genes. Non-human primates of the genus Macaca is a genus with the highest distribution worldwide, from Japan to Afghanistan. So far, there are 22 species are included in the genus Macaca. Originally rhesus monkeys or M. mulatta are widely used for biomedical research, but since the Indian government imposed a ban on importing these animals, then Macaca fascicularis (Long-tailed Macaque, cynomolgus) and Macaca nemestrina (Pig-tailed Macaque), which has high population in Southeast Asia, began to be used as research animal. Various medical aspects related to both species are commonly studied by many researchers as an animal model for human diseases. This study is using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and nucleotide tracking to identify papillomavirus tipes that infect the genital tract of Macaca fascicularis and Macaca nemestrina, which is kept in breeding facilities of Primate Research Center, IPB. The analysis of nucleotide sequences were performed using the Clustal W 2.1 and 5.1 Mega program. The establishment of phylogenetic tree using neighbor joining with 1000 times bootstrap repetition. The results showed that the papillomavirus that infect Macaca fascicularis was 32.7% (78/238) and Macaca nemestrina 12% (4/31). Both species were infected by Macaca fascicularis papillomavirus (MfPV) tipe 3, 4, 5, 7 and 9, belongs to the genus Alpha papillomavirus with homology of 80 - 100%. Papilloma virus that infected the pig-tailed macaque was the same tipe of papillomavirus that infected the cynomolgus with similarity between 82% - 99% based on L1 region. To further explain the tipes of papilloma viruses that infected the pig-tailed macaque, it is necessary to identify the entire genome of the virus. To determine the tipe of the virus, it requires the identification of a more complete nucleotide sequence. It is interesting because papillomavirus that infected the pigtail macaques has 76% homology with the HPV tipe 52. This is the first report on the incidence of papillomavirus infection in the pigtail macaque genome that further analysis
Keyword: Papillomavirus, cervic cancer, animal model, Macaca fascicularis, Macaca nemestrina