Judul: Estimation of Rice Productivity (Oryza sativa L.) in Java Island based on Oldeman's Climate Classification Projection
Abstrak: Padi (Oryza sativa L.) merupakan sumber pangan utama masyarakat Indonesia yang membutuhkan genangan air pada awal pertumbuhannya, sehingga tanaman ini akan tumbuh sangat baik di daerah dengan curah hujan yang cukup tinggi. Proyeksi iklim dan pendugaan produktivitas padi di masa yang akan datang dilakukan sebagai salah satu upaya preventif untuk menghadapi kondisi perubahan iklim yang terjadi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis sebaran zona agroklimat dan menduga produktivitas padi di Pulau Jawa berdasarkan hasil proyeksi iklim Oldeman. Data curah hujan spasial periode 2010-2018 digunakan sebagai baseline dan data curah hujan spasial hasil downscaling periode 2030-an digunakan sebagai periode masa depan yang akan diproyeksi dan digunakan sebagai periode pendugaan produktivitas padi. Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) adalah software yang digunakan untuk membuat crop model tanaman dalam melakukan pendugaan produktivitas padi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pola tipe iklim periode baseline sama dengan pola tipe iklim pada periode proyeksi. Secara umum, tipe iklim basah berupa tipe A dan B mendominasi bagian barat Pulau Jawa dan tipe iklim yang agak kering seperti tipe C dan D mendominasi bagian timurnya. Perubahan luas sebaran tipe iklim yang terjadi pada periode proyeksi 2030-an disebabkan karena terjadinya fenomena perubahan iklim. Pada hasil pendugaan produktivitas padi, varietas IRRI original memiliki nilai sekitar 4200 kg/ha, sedangkan varietas IR 64 menunjukkan hasil yang lebih rendah, yaitu sekitar 3580 kg/ha., Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the main food source for Indonesian people who need waterlogging at the beginning of their growth, so this plant will grow very well in areas with high rainfall. Climate projection and estimation of rice productivity in the future are carried out as one of the preventive measures to deal with climate change conditions that occur. This study aims to analyze the distribution of agro-climatic zones and predict rice productivity in Java Island based on the results of Oldeman's climate projections. Spatial rainfall data for the 2010-2018 period is used as a baseline and spatial rainfall data from downscaling for the 2030s period is used as a future period that will be projected and used as a period for estimating rice productivity. Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) is software used to create crop models for estimating rice productivity. The results showed that the climate type pattern in the baseline period was the same as the climate type pattern in the projection period. In general, wet climate types such as types A and B dominate the western part of Java Island and slightly dry climate types such as types C and D dominate the eastern part. Changes in the distribution of climate types that occur in the projection period of the 2030s are caused by the phenomenon of climate change. In the estimation of rice productivity, the original IRRI variety has a value of about 4200 kg/ha, while the IR 64 variety shows a lower yield, which is around 3580 kg/ha.
Keyword: curah hujan, DSSAT, produktivitas, tipe iklim

Judul: Analysis of Meteorological and Agricultural Drought Rate of Rice Field on Java Island Using SPI and VHI
Abstrak: Pulau Jawa memiliki iklim tropis dengan tanah yang di dominasi dataran rendah sehingga memiliki potensi untuk budidaya tanamanan padi. Kekurangan air pada tanaman padi dapat menyebabkan berkurangnya produktivitas padi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengindentifikasi sebaran spasial dan kategori kekeringan meteorologi dan pertanian pada tahun normal, El Nino kuat, dan El Nino lemah. Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan teknologi cloud computing, yakni Google Earth Engine dengan melihat sejumlah citra satelit MODIS melalui band Enhance Vegetation Index (EVI) dan Land Surface Temperature (LST) serta data curah hujan CHIRPS. EVI dan LST kemudian diolah menjadi Vegetation Health Index (VHI) sementara data CHIRPS diolah menjadi data SPI-1. SPI-1 menunjukan distribusi kekeringan meteorologi di Jawa pada 4 periode musim, dengan periode SON (September-Oktober-November) memiliki nilai SPI-1 terendah mencapai - 1,05 termasuk dalam kategori kekeringan sedang. VHI menunjukan distribusi kekeringan pertanian di Jawa juga pada 4 periode musim, dengan periode SON memiliki nilai VHI terendah dalam rentang 10 hingga 20 termasuk dalam kategori kekeringan kuat., Java island has a tropical climate with low-land dominated all around so is potential for rice cultivation. Water deficiency of rice plants will cause lower rice productivity. This research aims to identify spatial distribution and drought categories of meteorological and agricultural when normal year, strong El Nino year, and weak El Nino year. Research conducted by uses of cloud computing technology, that is Google Earth Engine to see a number of MODIS satellite imagery at Enhance Vegetation Index (EVI) band and Land Surface Temperature (LST) band and CHIRPS precipitation data. EVI and LST than process to be Vegetation Health Index (VHI) while CHIRPS data process to be SPI-1. SPI-1 show meteorological drought distribution on Java in 4 seasons period, there is SON (September-October-November) has lowest SPI-1 value by -1,05 in intermediate drought category. VHI show agriculture drought distribution on Java so in 4 seasons period, there is SON has lowest VHI value by range 10 to 20 in strong drought category.
Keyword: Drought, El Nino, SPI, VHI

Judul: Case Study of Gallbladder Mucocele and Treatment Used In Small Animals
Abstrak: Gallbladder mucocele (GM) is defined as distention of the gallbladder caused by an inappropriate accumulation or deposition of high concentrations of bile. The purpose of this case study is to study GM conditions in small animals and to report the clinical sign and characteristics of GM through the sonogram interpretation and blood chemistry test evaluation, and studies related to the therapy given and other treatments recommended. A 14-year-old Toy Poodle dog has been diagnosed with severe GM and cholecystitis. No pain signs were shown during the physical examination as asymptomatic is a common characteristic in the early stage of biliary related diseases. In this study Abdominal ultrasonography interpretation and blood chemistry evaluation was conducted in 2021-2022 and analyzed as a secondary data source. Ultrasonography results showed presence of hyperechoic, immobile deposits in gallbladder accompanied by wall thickening and enlarged in size, followed by a significant increase in the enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP). This study has summarized mainly the diagnosis and treatments of GM in small animals and suitable alternatives treatments were recommended to encounter the GM conditions in small animals. The effectiveness of combined therapy shows the positive impact on the patient, the condition of GM has been under control.
Keyword: ultrasound, gallbladder, biliary sludge, abdominal ultrasonography