Judul: Estimasi Kerugian Ekonomi Akibat Covid-19 Terhadap Kunjungan Wisatawan Di Kota Bogor
Abstrak: Tahun 2020 tepat di bulan Maret terjadi penurunan kunjungan wisatawan ke Kota Bogor karena pandemi Covid-19 dan dampak dari kebijakan PSBB (Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar). Situasi ketidakpastian di sektor pariwisata yang muncul akibat Covid-19 harus segera diselesaikan melalui mitigasi dan alokasi risiko. Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 juga memukul pelaku usaha di sektor pariwisata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Mengestimasi penurunan kunjungan wisatawan di Kota Bogor akibat adanya Covid-19 (2) Mengestimasi besar kerugian ekonomi pariwisata akibat adanya Covid-19 di Kota Bogor (3) Mengidentifikasi risiko terhadap pariwisata akibat Covid-19 di Kota Bogor (4) Mengidentifikasi langkah dan strategi yang dilakukan dalam pemulihan pariwisata di Kota Bogor. Metode yang digunakan yaitu pendapatan yang hilang, penilaian risiko, dan analisis deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan pandemi Covid-19 telah menyebabkan penurunan penerimaan sektor pariwisata pada objek wisata, restoran dan hotel. Risiko dengan kelas risiko tinggi adalah kategori risiko permintaan dan kelas risiko menengah pada kebijakan pemerintah dengan semua sub kategori. Langkah yang diambil untuk pemulihan pariwisata adalah meyakinkan bahwasanya pelaku usaha industri pariwisata dan pemerintah sudah mengaplikasikan standar keamanan serta kesehatan yang memadai., In March 2020 there was a decline in tourist visits to Bogor City due to the Covid-19 pandemic and the impact of the PSBB (Large-Scale Social Restrictions) policy. The situation of uncertainty in the tourism sector that has arisen due to Covid-19 must be solved immediately by means of mitigation and risk allocation. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic has also hit businesses in the tourism sector. This study aims to: (1) Estimate the decline in tourist visitor in Bogor City due to Covid-19 (2) Estimate the economic loss of tourism sector due to Covid-19 in Bogor City (3) Identify risks to tourism due to Covid-19 in Bogor City (4) Identify management steps and strategies in efforts to recovery tourism in Bogor City. This research uses the loss of earnings method, risk assessment, and descriptive analysis. The results of this study showed the Covid-19 pandemic has caused a decline in revenue in the tourism sector at tourism objects, restaurants and hotels. The risk with high risk class is the demand risk category and the medium risk class on government policies with all sub categories. The effort should be tourism recovery are to provide assurance that the government and tourism industry have implemented health and safety standards.
Keyword: descriptive analysis, loss of earnings, risk assessment

Judul: Estimasi Nilai Kerugian Ekonomi Akibat COVID-19 Terhadap MICE Tourism di Kota Bogor
Abstrak: Pandemi CoronaVirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) yang sedang menyebar di seluruh dunia membawa pengaruh yang sangat besar bagi mobilitas manusia. Penyebaran yang cepat membuat pemerintah harus cepat tanggap guna mencegah penyebaran COVID-19. Salah satu tindakan pemerintah dalam mencegah penyebaran COVID-19 adalah membuat kebijakan terkait Pemberlakuan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB). Pemberlakuan kebijakan PSBB membawa dampak terhadap kunjungan dan penerimaan pariwisata. Salah satu sektor yang mengalami dampak tersebut adalah sektor wisata MICE (Meeting, Incentive, Convention, and Exhibition) tourism di Kota Bogor. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) mengidentifikasi penurunan wisatawan MICE tourism di Kota Bogor akibat COVID-19, (2) mengestimasi berapa besar kerugian ekonomi MICE tourism akibat adanya COVID-19 di Kota Bogor, (3) mengidentifikasi risiko akibat COVID-19 terhadap MICE tourism di Kota Bogor, (4) mengidentifikasi langkah dan strategi untuk upaya pemulihan MICE tourism di Kota Bogor. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penurunan wisatawan MICE tourism di Kota Bogor mencapai 62 % atau setara dengan 4.562.530 wisatawan. Kerugian ekonomi MICE tourism sebesar Rp 88.871.494.878. Hasil penilaian risiko pada sektor MICE tourism terdiri dari lima risiko tinggi dan tujuh risiko menengah. Langkah dan strategi pemulihan MICE tourism yang direkomendasikan yaitu melakukan penerapan CHSE (Cleanliness, Health, Safety and Environment Sustainability) di setiap hotel., The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which spread throughout the world, had a huge impact on human mobility. Rapid deployment makes the government must be responsive to prevent the spread of COVID-19 the implementation of the Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) which is one of the government actions to prevent COVID-19. The implementation of the PSBB influences the level of tourist visits and receipts One sector that has experienced this impact is the MICE (Meeting, Incentive, Convention, and Exhibition) tourism sector in Bogor City. The objectives of this study are: (1) to identify the decline in MICE tourism tourists in Bogor City due to COVID-19, (2) to estimate the economic loss of MICE tourism due to COVID-19 in Bogor City, (3) to identify risks due to COVID-19 on MICE tourism in Bogor City, (4) identify steps and strategies for efforts to restore MICE tourism in Bogor City. This study indicates that the decline in MICE tourism tourists in Bogor City reached 62 per cent or equivalent to 4,562,530 tourists. The economic loss of MICE tourism is Rp 88.871.494.878. The risk assessment results in the MICE tourism sector consist of five high risks and seven medium risks. The recommended steps and strategies for the recovery of MICE tourism are implementing CHSE (Cleanliness, Health, Safety, and Environment Sustainability) in every hotel.
Keyword: Government policies, Loss of earning, Risk assessment.

Judul: Membran Komposit Kitosan-Natrium Alginat untuk Aplikasi Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
Abstrak: Composite of chitosan and sodium alginate can be utilized as base material of proton exchange membrane (PEM). The composite membranes were produced by various concentrations of chitosan-sodium alginate, namely 3:3, 3:4, 3:5, 3:6, 4:3, 5:3, and 6:3 (% b/v). The composites were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and were tested for the performance as PEM from the proton conductivity obtained by using impedance spectrometer. The FTIR spectrum indicated the NH3C group at 1637.29 cm-1 and symmetrical COO group at 1253.68 cm-1 indicating interactions between chitosan and sodium alginate. SEM micrographs showed that the composite membrane was nonporous. Composite membrane with 3:5 chitosan-sodium alginate composition had the highest proton conductivity, namely 9.594 × 10-7 S/cm. Based on this research results, chitosan-sodium alginate composite membrane can be applied well in direct methanol fuel cell system.
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