Judul: Pembuatan Tapioka Asam dengan Fermentasi Spontan
Abstrak: Sour cassava starch is a modified starch produced by spontaneous fermentation of native cassava starch. The objectives of this research were to study the production process of sour cassava starch and investigate the effect of spontaneous fermentation to quality, physicochemical and functional properties of sour cassava starch. Sour cassava starch was prepared by spontaneous fermentation with variation of fermentation time (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 days). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed for analyzed the result obtained from three replications. The result indicated that during spontaneous fermentation, sour cassava starch is dominated by lactic acid bacteria among other bacteria. High amount of organic acid made the environment become acid, and so pH value becomed low, and it effected to suppress the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Growth of the yeast also occurred during fermentation process after ten days. Sour cassava starch has an unique characteristic. It has better expanding capability when toasted (1.18-1.28 ml/g) compared to native cassava starch (1.15 ml/g). Structure of amorphous region in granules of cassava starch ruptured during fermentation so that the value of clarity (51.13-61.88%T), solubility at 70°C (33.88-50.56%) and swelling power at 70°C (0.85-1.71%) increase compared to native cassava starch (45.97%T); (21.18%); and (0.45%) recpectively.
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Judul: Fermentasi asam laktat oleh Rhizopus oryzae pada substrat singkong hasil hidrolisis asam
Abstrak: Keberadaan tanaman singkong di Indonesia sangat melimpah dan belum banyak dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Salah satu manfaat singkong yaitu bisa dijadikan bahan baku pembuatan asam laktat melalui proses fermentasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji potensi singkong sebagai bahan baku untuk produksi asam laktat. Tahap pertama dilakukan analisis kandungan pati pada sampel Tapioka Lampung (TL), Singkong Tanpa Kupas (STK), dan Onggok Tapioka (OT). Selanjutnya dilakukan hidrolisis asam pada sampel tersebut dengan menggunakan HCL 5% pada pH 1,2. Setelah proses hidrolisis dilakukan pengukuran nilai DE (Dextrose Equivalent). Hidrolisat kemudian difermentasikan dengan menggunakan Rhizopus oryzae selama 4 hari pada suhu 30°C dengan kecepatan 250 rpm. Setelah masa fermentasi dilakukan pengukuran kandungan asam laktat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, Tapioka Lampung memiliki kandungan pati paling tinggi yakni sebesar 83,10 %, kemudian Singkong Tanpa Kupas (STK) sebesar 71,6 % dan Onggok Tapioka sebesar 55,7 %. Nilai DE pada hasil hidrolisis asam untuk sampel Tapioka Lampung (TL), Singkong Tanpa Kupas (STK) dan Onggok Tapioka masing-masing sebesar 41,70 %, 33,37 % dan 22,30 %. Dari proses fermentasi, kadar asam laktat yang dihasilkan dari sampel Tapioka Lampung (TL), Singkong Tanpa Kupas (STK) dan Onggok Tapioka masingmasing sebesar 60,55 g/l, 18,19 g/l dan 14,82 g/l, sedangkan dari standar glukosa dihasilkan asam laktat sebesar 96,94 g/l.
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Judul: Etno-ornitologi Burung Kancilan Flores (Pachycephala nudigula nudigula Hartert 1897) pada Masyarakat Lio di Taman Nasional Kelimutu
Abstrak: Bare-throathed whistler is one of several wild birds in Kelimutu National Park (TNKL) that is believed to have correlation with Lio Community‟s belief. The estimation of Bare-throated whistler‟s population in Kelimutu National Park was about 186.41-1668.07 individual by the density about 0.0389-0.3481 ind/ha with the sex ratio 6.2:1 that spreaded on area with height of 1100 – 1600 masl. The characteristic of Bare-throated whistler‟s habitat is a natural forest with various canopy level, high plant species diversity and high density. The habitat characteristics related to the availability of food in the form of insects, cover, safety and a nesting site. Generally the most of Lio community knew the existence of Bare-throated whistler directly or from their parents‟ stories. The perceptions of Lio Community to the Bare-throated whistler‟s existence is generally support the conservation efforts. The perceptions construct the Lio Community‟s atitude that tend to be conservative to the existence of Bare-throated whistler. The attitude shown by their behavior that not cathing the Bare-throated whistler from the TNKL‟s area or the outside. The attitude have an important role to the existence of Bare-throated whistler in Kelimutu National Park‟s area.
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