Judul: The effect of Climate Change and Other Determinants on Coffee Prices in Indonesia
Abstrak: Climate change is a severe problem that will be faced by all people in the world. One of the climate changes that often occur and have a significant impact on Indonesia is the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The ENSO phenomenon causes fluctuations in rainfall that affect the production of the agricultural sector, especially plantation crops. This study uses the spatial panel analysis method to examine the effect of climate change using rainfall indicators on coffee prices. The data used are from the ten largest coffee-producing provinces with a time span from 2010 to 2020. The results show that rainfall has a significant effect on the increase in coffee prices, followed by other factors, substitution prices, productivity, population, and wages of farm labor in the plantation sub-sector. Meanwhile, the COVID-19 pandemic has had an effect on coffee prices.
Keyword: coffee, climate change, ENSO, rainfall, spatial panel

Judul: Dampak Perubahan Iklim Terhadap Harga Komoditas Kopi di Daerah Terdampak Fenomena El Nino dan La Nina.
Abstrak: Fenomena alam seperti kekeringan berkepanjangan, curah hujan yang meningkat, kebakaran dan banjir yang terjadi di Indonesia, saat ini memberikan dampak yang luas bagi segala aspek kehidupan manusia. Hal ini diakibatkan dari perubahan iklim yang memberikan dampak cukup signifikan. Dampak dari perubahan iklim adalah terjadinya peningkatan iklim ekstrem. Perubahan iklim membuat anomali suhu yang mencolok seperti fenomena El Nino dan La Nina atau yang biasa disebut dengan fenomena ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation). Fenomena ENSO menyebabkan fluktuasi curah hujan, sehingga berdampak terhadap sektor pertanian, terutama subsektor perkebunan. Penelitian ini mengkaji dampak perubahan iklim terhadap harga kopi dengan metode panel data statis. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa 12 provinsi terdampak dengan rentang tahun 2010 hingga 2017. Fenomena ENSO ditunjukkan melalui indikator curah hujan. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah El Nino berpengaruh signifikan dalam meningkatkan harga kopi, dan diikuti oleh faktor lainnya yaitu harga barang substitusi (harga cokelat), produktivitas dan PDRB Riil.
Keyword: ENSO, El Nino, data panel statis, harga kopi, La Nina

Judul: Case Study of Gallbladder Mucocele and Treatment Used In Small Animals
Abstrak: Gallbladder mucocele (GM) is defined as distention of the gallbladder caused by an inappropriate accumulation or deposition of high concentrations of bile. The purpose of this case study is to study GM conditions in small animals and to report the clinical sign and characteristics of GM through the sonogram interpretation and blood chemistry test evaluation, and studies related to the therapy given and other treatments recommended. A 14-year-old Toy Poodle dog has been diagnosed with severe GM and cholecystitis. No pain signs were shown during the physical examination as asymptomatic is a common characteristic in the early stage of biliary related diseases. In this study Abdominal ultrasonography interpretation and blood chemistry evaluation was conducted in 2021-2022 and analyzed as a secondary data source. Ultrasonography results showed presence of hyperechoic, immobile deposits in gallbladder accompanied by wall thickening and enlarged in size, followed by a significant increase in the enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP). This study has summarized mainly the diagnosis and treatments of GM in small animals and suitable alternatives treatments were recommended to encounter the GM conditions in small animals. The effectiveness of combined therapy shows the positive impact on the patient, the condition of GM has been under control.
Keyword: ultrasound, gallbladder, biliary sludge, abdominal ultrasonography