Judul: Evaluation of Free Range System on Performance and Income Over Feed Cost of IPB-D1 Chicken
Abstrak: Ayam IPB-D1 merupakan rumpun baru ayam lokal komposit yang memiliki keunggulan memiliki adaptasi yang baik terhadap sistem free range. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh pemeliharaan dengan sistem free range terhadap performa dan income over feed cost (IOFC) ayam IPB-D1. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September sampai bulan November 2022. Jumlah populasi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini sebanyak 110 ekor ayam IPB-D1 dengan umur berbeda. Data penelitian yang didapatkan dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan menyajikan rataan dan standar deviasi (sd). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ayam IPB-D1 yang dipelihara secara free range memiliki angka konsumsi ransum sebesar 361,67 gram, bobot badan akhir sebesar 668,22 gram pada kelompok A, 460,14 gram pada kelompok B, dan 360,18 gram pada kelompok C, konversi pakan sebesar 6,16 pada kelompok A, 8,69 pada kelompok B, dan 12,71 pada kelompok C dan nilai mortalitas sebesar 1,33% pada kelompok A, 8,70 pada kelompok B, dan 16,67 pada kelompok C. IOFC yang dihasilkan sebesar Rp. 21.632,61. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ayam IPB-D1 tidak memiliki performa yang optimal, namun menghasilkan IOFC yang baik., IPB-D1 chickens are a new family of composite local chickens which have the advantage is have good adaptation to the free range system. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of rearing using the free range system on the performance and income over feed cost (IOFC) of IPB-D1 chickens. This study was conducted from September to November 2022. The total population used in this study was 110 IPBD1 chickens with different ages. The research data obtained was analyzed descriptively by presenting the mean and standard deviation (SD). The results showed that IPB-D1 chickens reared in free range had a feed consumption of 361.67 grams, a final body weight of 668.22 grams in group A, 460.14 grams in group B, and 360.18 grams in group C, feed conversion was 6.16 in group A, 8.69 in group B, and 12.71 in group C and a mortality rate of 1.33% in group A, 8.70 in group B, and 16.67 in group C. The result of IOFC is Rp. 21.632.61. The conclusion of this study showed that IPB-D1 chickens do not have optimal performance, but produce good IOFC.
Keyword: free range system, IPB-D1 chicken, performance

Judul: Kinerja Ayam IPB-D1 Jantan dan Betina pada Pemeliharaan Sistem Free-range.
Abstrak: Ayam IPB-D1 merupakan ayam lokal yang memiliki keunggulan. Sistem pemeliharaan free-range adalah model pemeliharaan yang memberikan akses lahan penggembalaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji performa ayam jantan dan betina melalui pemeliharaan di kandang bebas. Tahapan penelitian meliputi pemeliharaan sistem free-range, pembuatan pakan, dan pengamatan variabel yaitu bobot badan, kecuali konsumsi, konversi pakan, konversi pakan, mortalitas, dan pendapatan atas pakan dan biaya ayam. Penelitian menggunakan 15 ekor ayam jantan dan 15 ekor ayam betina. Ayam IPB-D1 jantan memiliki jumlah konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, konversi pakan, mortalitas, serta indeks over feed chick and Cost ayam IPB-D1 jantan lebih tinggi dibandingkan ayam IPB-D1 betina. Terdapat perbedaan nyata pada pertambahan bobot badan., IPB-D1 chicken is a local chicken that has superior. The free-range rearing system is a maintenance model that provides access to grazing land other than cages as shelter. This study aimed to examine the performance of male and female chickens in free cages. The stages of the research included maintaining the freerange system, making feed, and observing variables, namely body weight, except for consumption, feed conversion, feed conversion, mortality, and income from feed and chicken costs. The study used 15 male chickens and 15 female chickens. IPB D1 male chickens had higher feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion, and mortality than female IPB D1 chickens. Body weight gain had significant differences in male and female IPB D1 chickens. The value of the over feed chick index and the cost of IPB D1 male chickens was higher than the female IPB D1 chickens.
Keyword: free-range, IPB-D1 chicken, performance, free-range, IPB-D1 chicken, performance

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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