Judul: Analisis Gender pada Rumahtangga Peserta PNPM Mandiri Perdesaan dalam Upaya Pengentasan Kemiskinan (Kasus di Desa Sambilawang, Kecamatan Dlanggu, Kabupaten Mojokerto, Provinsi Jawa Timur)
Abstrak: Indonesia territory is dominated by rural areas that are often identified by the high level of poverty. As poverty is multidimensional, it requires a multidimensional approach to alleviate it. Therefore, Gender Mainstreaming is certainly indispensable in the effort of national development, which consequently there would be no more gap between men and women in obtaining the benefits of development. PNPM MPd which focused on SPKP and Sosial Dasar Program- is a program launched by the government of Indonesia in 2007 to accelerate the poverty alleviation in rural areas. Therefore, it becomes important to analyze the aspects of access, control, participation, and benefits of the PNPM MPd Participants along with the fulfillment of their gender needs. This research combined quantitative and qualitative methods. The results showed that the level of access, control, participation, and benefits by the participants of SPKP and Sosial Dasar Program were in the lower category which identified that PNPM MPd as a poverty alleviation program relatively were not effective on alleviating poverty among its participants in Sambilawang Village especially viewed from the low benefit that participant obtained . PNPM MPd relatively had not been able to increase the economic level of participant’s household. Participants perceived level of business development and income as low since most loans were used for consumption purposes. The implementation of PNPM MPd had been succeed to fulfill the practical gender needs even though less significant. Moreover, PNPM MPd had not been succeed to fulfill the strategical gender needs as the low control between husband and wife in the household decision making toward PNPM MPd activities, in the other hand it had been succeed to fulfill strategical gender needs in the term of the decreasing pattern of utilization of non government micro finance with a high credit interest after accessing SPKP stimulant.
Keyword: gender needs assessment, gender, PNPM Mandiri Perdesaan, poverty alleviation

Judul: Analisis gender dalam penyelenggaraan program nasional pemberdayaan masyarakat (PNPM) Mandiri Pedesaan (kasus di desa Kemang, kecamatan Bojongpicung kabupaten Cianjur, provinsi Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: This study found that the majority of the Sosial Dasar Pasticipants (male participants) and SPKP Participants (female participants) were in the high category of their acces toward the PNPM MP but relatively low in terms of control toward the program. Therefore , their participation level on the program were mostly low. This relates to the fact that the majority of participants status were as a member. One indicator of success of the program PNPM MP can be viewed through the output of a program that is felt by the community. Benefit analysis in this study includes Levels of Business Development and Income Level. More than half of the PNPM MP claimed that the business activities carried out after any assistance is growing especially Pembangunan Infrastruktur Jalan and SPKP. Similarly, the income level where the majority of participants PNPM MP claimed that income increased along with increasing business activity being undertaken. This study found that the participation of poor households are less involved in the planning and implementation of PNPM MP. This is thought to be caused because (1) lack of awareness of poor households to participate, (2) lack of transparency of the actors at the village level in running the program so it does not all the public aware of the PNPM MP, and (3) facilitators who are less responsive to the existing problems in the field. The fact that the relatively high proportion of women who participated in the planning and implementation of programs that are not followed by high access and control over their resources PNPM MP on the one side, in contrast to the male participants; KKG reflect that the principle underlying the planning and implementation of the PNPM MP Village Kemang has not succeeded in meeting the strategic needs of gender. This is supported by the fact that although women are involved in every meeting, but their presence is still limited to physical presence, have not been able to improve their leadership. Conversely, if it refers to the fact that both the PSD and SPKP states to benefit from a stimulant high they get, it can be concluded that PNPM MP in Kemang Village can meet practical gender needs.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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