Judul: Case Study of Trematode Infection in Friesian Holstein Dairy Cattle at PT Nusantara Agri Sejati
Abstrak: Trematodosis merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan pada sapi Friesian Holstein (FH) di Indonesia. Trematodosis bisa dikendalikan dengan memutus mata rantai infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi kejadian dan faktor risiko trematodosis sapi FH di PT Nusantara Agri Sejati (NAS). Data diperoleh dari koleksi sampel feses, lingkungan, inspeksi, dan wawancara dengan dokter hewan di PT NAS. Koleksi feses dilakukan secara perektal dari 34 ekor sapi bunting dan muda (dara) serta pengambilan sampel rumput dan tanah di empat titik sekitar lahan PT NAS. Sampel feses diperiksa dengan teknik filtrasi bertingkat. Hasil penelitian disajikan secara deskriptif menggunakan data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium menunjukkan sampel feses sapi mengandung telur cacing Trematoda. Prevalensi Trematodosis pada sapi di PT NAS tergolong rendah. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara narasumber, keberadaan inang antara seperti siput air pembawa larva beberapa saat ditemukan. Hal ini menjadi faktor risiko yang penting dalam kejadian infeksi Trematoda di dalam manajemen pemeliharaan dan sanitasi di PT NAS., Trematodiasis is a health problem in Holstein- Friesian (FH) cattle in Indonesia. Trematodiasis can be controlled by breaking the chain of infection. This study identified incidence and risk factors for trematodiasis of FH cattle in PT Nusantara Agri Sejati. Data were obtained from the collection of fecal samples, environment, inspections, and interviews with PT NAS veterinarian. Feces collection was carried out rectally from 34 pregnant and young cows (heifers) and grass and soil samples were taken at four points around PT NAS's land. Feces samples were examined with stratified filtration technique. The research results were presented descriptively using quantitative and qualitative data. The results of laboratory tests showed that only one cow feces samples contained Trematode eggs. Based on the results of interviews, the presence of intermediate hosts such as water snails was found for a while. This is an important risk factor for Trematode infection in maintenance and sanitation management at PT NAS.
Keyword: Holstein-Friesian, PT NAS, stratified filtration, trematode

Judul: Case Study of Cestode Infection in Friesian Holstein Dairy Cattle at PT Nusantara Agri Sejati Sukabumi Regency West Java Province
Abstrak: Sapi Friesian Holstein (FH) merupakan ras sapi dengan sumber susu yang potensial untuk dikembangkan di Indonesia, oleh karena itu diperlukan manajemen pemeliharaan yang baik untuk menghindari penyakit yang bersifat non-genetik seperti infeksi cestoda saluran pencernaan yang dapat mengurangi produktivitas sapi perah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur tingkat kejadian infeksi cestoda dan mengidentifikasi faktor risiko yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian infeksi cestoda di PT Nusantara Agri Sejati (NAS) Kabupaten Sukabumi Provinsi Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan 34 ekor sapi bunting dan muda (dara). Sampel yang dikoleksi berupa feses serta pengambilan sampel rumput dan tanah di empat titik sekitar lahan PT NAS yang digunakan untuk sumber pakan. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi- square untuk mengukur keberadaan hubungan antara variabel dan perhitungan odds ratio untuk mengukur kuat hubungan paparan dengan kejadian penyakit. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan infeksi Moniezia sp. dari kelas cestoda di PT NAS rendah dengan prevalensi sebesar 20,5% dan jumlah telur kurang dari 50 TTGT. Faktor risiko BCS memiliki hubungan nyata terhadap infeksi cestoda di PT NAS (p-value 0,029). Infeksi cestoda di PT NAS dipengaruhi oleh faktor Body Condition Score (BCS). Hal ini berhubungan dengan status gizi BCS 2 lebih rentan terkena infeksi cestoda daripada BCS 3. Perbaikan pakan dan program deworming perlu dilakukan untuk menghindari kenaikan kejadian infeksi cestoda di PT NAS., Friesian Holstein (FH) are a breed of cattle with a potential source of milk to be developed in Indonesia, therefore good management is needed to avoid non-genetic diseases such as digestive tract cestode infections which can reduce the productivity of dairy cows. This study aims to determine and measure the incidence of cestode infection and determine factors that can affect the incidence of cestode infection in PT Nusantara Agri Sejati (NAS) Sukabumi Regency, West Java Province. This study used 34 pregnant and young cows (heifers). Samples were collected in the form of feces as well as grass and soil sampling at four points around the PT NAS land used for feed sources. Data analysis used the chi-square test to measure the relationship between exposure and disease and to calculate the odds ratio to measure the magnitude between variables. The results showed that there are infection with Moniezia sp. of the cestode class at PT NAS is very low with a prevalence (20,5%) and the number of eggs is less than 50 TTGT. BCS risk factors have a significant relationship to cestode infection at PT NAS (p-value 0,029). Cestode infections in PT NAS are influenced by Body Condition Score (BCS) factors. This is related to the nutritional status of BCS 2 which is more susceptible to cestode infection than BCS 3. Improvement in feed management and deworming program need to be carried out due to avoid increases incidence of cestode infections in PT NAS.
Keyword: cestoda, faktor risiko, feses, Moniezia sp., sapi perah

Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell