Judul: Performa Ayam Broiler dengan Penggunaan Tepung Maggot (Hermetia illucens) dalam Pakan.
Abstrak: Populasi ayam broiler terus mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya. Kendala pada peternakan ayam pedaging di Indonesia saat ini adalah bahan baku pakan yang masih impor. Maggot memiliki kandungan protein sebesar 43.42%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan tepung maggot pada pakan terhadap performa ayam broiler. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL), dengan taraf perlakuan tepung maggot yang digunakan adalah R0 = 0%, R1 = 2.5%, R2 = 5%, dan R3 = 7.5%, dengan 5 ulangan dan masingmasing ulangan terdiri dari 10 ekor ayam. Peubah yang diamati adalah konsumsi pakan, bobot badan akhir, pertambahan bobot badan, konversi pakan, mortalitas, dan income over feed and chick cost (IOFCC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan tepung maggot berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0.01) terhadap bobot badan, konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, dan konversi pakan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu penggunaan tepung maggot dalam pakan dengan taraf 2.5%, 5%, dan 7.5% dapat menurunkan bobot badan, konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, IOFCC, dan meningkatkan nilai konversi pakan serta mortalitas ayam broiler.
Keyword: broiler, performa, tepung maggot

Judul: Percentage Carcass, Giblet, and Abdominal Fat of Broiler Chicken Given Maggot (Hermetia illucens) Meal on Feed
Abstrak: Hermetia illucens yang dikenal dengan nama Black Soldier Fly (BSF) atau maggot adalah insekta yang dapat menjadi sumber protein alternatif dalam pakan unggas. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian tepung maggot (Hermetia illucens) pada pakan terhadap persentase dan bobot karkas, lemak abdominal, dan giblet yang dilaksanakan di Kandang B Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, selama lima minggu. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan lima kali ulangan menggunakan 200 DOC. Setiap ulangan terdiri dari 10 ekor ayam broiler. Analisis data dilakukan dengan ANOVA kemudian jika ada perbedaan nyata pengaruh perlakuan maka dilanjut uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberian tepung maggot tidak berbeda nyata terhadap berat rempela tetapi berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,05) terhadap berat hidup, berat karkas, berat lemak abdominal, berat hati berat jantung, berat dada, berat punggung, berat sayap, berat paha atas, dan berat paha bawah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian tepung maggot pada pakan tidak dapat melebihi hasil dari perlakuan kontrol namun pemberian tepung maggot dalam pakan pada taraf 2,5% mampu memberikan hasil lebih baik dibandingkan dengan perlakuan pemberian tepung maggot pada taraf 5,0% dan 7.5%., Hermetia Illucens known by the name Black Soldier Fly (BSF) or Maggot is an insecta that can be used an alternative protein source in poultry feed. This study was aimed to determine the effect of Maggot (Hermetia illucens) flour in feed against the percentage of carcasses, abdominal fats, and giblets. This study carried out in the B cage Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, for 5 weeks. The method used is an experimental method using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments 5 replication was used in this study. This study used 200 DOC which every replication consist 10 broiler chickens. Data was analyzed using ANOVA and then if there is a real difference in treatment effect then futher tests were conducted using Duncan. The results showed that the provision of maggot meal is insignificant difference (p > 0.05) against the weight of a gizzard but significantly difference (P < 0.05) against the weight of life, weight of carcasses, severe abdominal fat, severe heart weight, chest weight, weight of the wings, wing weight, upper thigh weight, and lower thigh weight. Based on the results of the study can be concluded that the administration maggot meal in the feed can not exceed the results of the control treatment but the provision of a maggot meal in the feed at the level of 2.5% is able to provide optimum results compared to the treatment of the provision of the starch Maggot 5% and 7.5%.
Keyword: Broiler, Giblet, Abdominal fat, Percentage of carcass, Maggot meal

Judul: Systematics of Desmos (Annonaceae) in Malesia
Abstrak: Desmos is a woody climbing genus of Annonaceae which has been widely used as traditional medicine in several countries such as China, Indo-China, Thailand, and Peninsular Malaysia to treat dysentery, vertigo, fever, and postpartum. Phylogenetic studies on Desmos showed a close relationship between Desmos and Dasymaschalon. They share similar moniliform monocarpic fruits, but their flowers are different. It has been debated among Annonaceae researchers whether both genera should be treated as the same or distinct genus. Therefore, investigation on the taxonomic delimitation of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon will be necessary. Plastid genome (plastome) identification, leaf epidermal section of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon species, a taxonomic revision of Desmos in Malesia using morphological data, the spatial distribution of Desmos species in Malesia, and morphological and genetic variation in Desmos chinensis population using ISSR marker were used to investigate taxonomic delimitation of Desmos. Plastome study of Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was carried out to determine the origin, evolution, phylogenomics, and identify marker candidates for Desmos and Dasymaschalon or with other genera in Annonaceae. We discovered that the plastome of Desmos chinensis was circular with the size of 167,677 bp (smaller than Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum), consist of 111 genes, including 78 protein-coding genes, 29 transfer RNAs, and 4 ribosomal RNAs. The plastome showed a typical quadripartite structure, i.e., large single copy (LSC), small single copy (SSC), and two inverted repeats (IRs). The plastome of Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was 191,488 bp in length, which also exhibited a typical quadripartite structure (LSC, SSC, and two IRs). Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum showed different copies of accD, ndhD, ndhF, rps18, and ycf2. Protein coding genes of rpoB, rpoC1, rbcL, matK, rpl32, infA, and rpl36 were identified based on nucleotide diversity, sequence variability, and parsimony-informative sites. The genes are defined as molecular marker candidates of plastome for phylogenetic, barcoding, and population genetic research. We predicted that Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum separated at ca. 64 million years ago during the Paleocene. Leaf anatomical feature study was carried to support the taxonomic delimitation of interspecific Desmos and intergeneric of Desmos and Dasymaschalon. Leaf anatomy in the paradermal section of 20 taxa (12 species of Desmos, eight species of Dasymaschalon) have been carried out. According to the leaf epidermal section, Desmos and Dasymaschalon are two distinct genera mainly distinguished based on the anticlinal wall undulation of epidermal cells and supported by variation of the crystal type and size. The anticlinal wall undulation of Desmos was almost straight to slightly wavy and never sinuous; meanwhile, Dasymaschalon varies from almost straight to deeply sinusoid. The crystals of Desmos consist of rhombohedral, druse type A, and druse type B crystals, whereas Dasymaschalon has prism, druse type A, druse type B, and druse type C crystals. The recent taxonomic revision using the morphological data was mainly based on the examination of about 1374 specimens from BO, L, WAN, ANDA, SING, SAN, K, P, HUH herbaria. The Desmos species in Malesia consists of eight species: D. acutus, D. chinensis, D. chryseus, D. dunalii, D. pedunculosus, D. subbiglandulosus, two new records: D. lawii and D. macrocarpus, and one
Keyword: Dasymaschalon, Desmoid clade, Magnoliid, plastid genome, phylogenomics analysis