Judul: Grass Productivity and Nangka Banana's Peels (Musa paradisiaca L) Palatability as Additional Feed for Timor Deers (Cervus timorensis de Blainville) in Captivity.
Abstrak: Feed is the most important factors which determines the success of the captive deer management. The availability of forage is important for deer in captivity. For ensuring the stock of grass, it should be calculated the grass productivity and the carrying capacity. In captive, The productivity of forage is important to support the daily need of deers. On the other side the availability of concentrate feed which is palatable is important to support the protein reguirement of timor deers. The objective of the research is to measure productivity of grass and the carrying capacity of the site and to know the palatability of banana peels as additional feed for timor deer. Five grass species were consumed by the deers in captive site as follows: Axonophus compresus (0,87), Imperata cylindrica (0,79), Andropogon acicularus (0,71), Cynodon dactylon (0,62) and Cyperus rotundus (0,29). According to the palatability level, the grass productivity during rainy seasons is 111,10 kg/ha/day and 55,50 kg/ha/day during dry seasons. The carrying capacity during rainy seasons is 21,3 deers/ha and 10,6 deers/ha in the dry seasons. It means that there were insufficient of food in both seasons. So that it is necesary to supply additional feed. A randomized block design was implemented for this experiment. The statistical analisys shows that giving additional feed with banana peels ingredient through F test gives significant affect (P<0,05) againts its palatability index. Additional feed with banana peels ingredient has higher palatability index (T1, T2, T3) compared to additional feed without banana peels ingridient (T0) with significant differences (P>0,05). However, the palatability index is decreasing as the use of banana peels ingridient increased (T2 and T3).
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Judul: Perilaku dan Aspek Pakan Rusa Timor (Rusa timorensis Blainville 1822) Remaja Pada Kandang dan Jenis Pakan yang Berbeda
Abstrak: Efforts to improve the productivity of java deer (Rusa timorensis) can be done through improvements in the feed management and maintenance customized with deer behavior. This research aims to study the aspects of feed and daily behavior of java deer in adolescent age group (12-24 months) in captive breeding of Hutan Penelitian Dramaga, Bogor. In this study, deer were fed selective forage (Coix lacryma-jobi Lour, Pennisetum purpureum Schum, Hierochloe horsfieldii Maxim, and Commelina benghalensis L) and field grass. Result show on individual cages, the highest feed preference value was Pennisetum purpureum Schum and the highest feed palatability value was Hierochloe horsfieldii Maxim. The opposite result occured in the collective cage. On feeding selective forage, the average daily consumption of fresh and dry matter of feed, daily gain and feed efficiency deer were 4.87± 0.51 kg/head/day, 0.73±0.07 kg/head/day, 0.15±0.05 kg/head/day and 22.59%. Averaged digestibility coefficients of feed of java deer was 52.95±6.90% of dry matter, 30.87±26.00% of crude fat, 49.68±2.76%of crude protein, 56.49±6.48% of crude fiber, and 59.21±8.40% of N-free extractive. Daily behavior of java deer in individual cages were dominated by eating, rumination, movement and resting. In conclusion, to increase production that deers is better to be raised on individual cages.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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