Judul: Sifat-sifat Tanah pada Suatu Transek di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian IPB, Darmaga
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat sifat-sifat kimia, fisik dan morfologi tanah dalan suatu transek lereng dan mengklasifikasikannya sampai kategori famili. Bahan yang diteliti adalah contoh tanah dari empat pedon yang berada pada suatu transek di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian, IPB Darmaga. Transek tersebut berada pada suatu wilayah yang landai sampai berombak. Transek tersebut terbagi menjadi 3 posisi lereng yaitu lereng bawah, lereng tengah dan lereng atas. Pada masing-masing bagian lereng dibuat pedon-pedon : Pedon P1 di lereng bawah, Pedon P2 di lereng tengah sedangkan Pedon P3 dan P4 di lereng atas. Masing-masing pedon dideskripsi dan diambil contoh tanahnya untuk dianalisis sifat fisik dan kimia tanahnya di Laboratorium Jurusan Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, IPB.
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Judul: Karakteristik tanah di kebun percobaan IPB Darmaga, Bogor.
Abstrak: Proses pembentukan tanah merupakan proses yang meliputi pelapukan batuan, perkembangan tanah dari material geologi dan perubahan-perubahan tubuh tanah. Untuk mempelajarinya dapat dilakukan dengan cara deskripsi dan interpretasi profil tanah, tubuh tanah dan analisis pol a pembentukan tanah di atas permllkaan bumi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari dan melakukan karakterisasi beberapa proses pembentllkan tanah pada tanah-tanah di Kebun Percobaan IPB Darmaga, Bogor. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendeskripsian morfologi tanah pada pedon-pedon yang diteliti serta pengambilan contoh tanah untuk analisis sifat kimia, fisik dan mineralogi fraksi pasir dan liat d.i laboratorium. Hasil penelitian menllnjukkan bahwa pedon-pedon yang diteliti mempllnyai sifat morfologi, fisik dan kimia yang hampir sama. Analisis mineral fraksi pasir belum menunjukkan adanya perbedaan tingkat pelapukan mineral tanah antar pedon yang diteliti, baik pada pedon yang berkembang dari bahan induk tuff vulkan (P I-S dan P2-S) maupun pada pedon yang berkembang dari bahan induk tuf vl.Ilkan yang bercampur dengan batu liat (P2-R dan P3-R). Keempat pedon yang diteliti telah mengalami pelapukan mineral sedang sampai lanjut, ditllnjukkan oleh kandungan mineral resisten (tahan lapuk) dalam jumlah yang relatif lebih banyak dibanding mineral mudah lap~lk. Hasil analisis mineral fraksi liat (DTA), menllnjl.lkkan keempat pedon memiliki kandungan hat yang hampir sama yaitu kaolinit dan haloisit. Selain itu, pedon Pl-S dan P2-S juga memiliki mineral hat gibsit dalamjumlah yang relatif sedikit. Adanya gibsit ini menunjukkan bahwa tanah pedon Pl-S dan P2-S memiliki ciri mineralogi dengan tingkat perkembangan yang relatif lebih la11iut dibandingkan dengan pedon P2-R dan P3-R. Berdasarkan ciri morfologi, sifat fisik, sifat kimia dan mineraloginya, tanah- tanah yang diteliti dapat diurutkan dimulai dari pedon dengan ciri perkembangan relatif paling lanjut ke pedon yang ciri perkembangan sifatnya kurang lanjut: P2-S > PI-S > P2-R > P3-R.
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Judul: Development of DNA Vaccine Encoding Glycoprotein of Koi Herpes Virus Using Local Isolate.
Abstrak: The aim of this research was to develop DNA vaccine of Koi Herpesvirus in carp. Glycoprotein gene originated from ORF 25 KHV virus that is 1.8 kbp in size, is a potential gene in DNA vaccine construction. The sequencing and similarity analysis of the gene using BLAST software showed that this gene is a GP25 gene and was found to be very similar (99%) to GP25 of KHV virus from the USA and Israel. When this GP25 gene was ligated with pGEMT Easy (pT, 3 kbp in size) vector, plasmid size was increasing up to 5 kb. Following this, a digestion of pT-GP25 plasmid using Sal I enzyme was applied resulted in a GP25 fragment (1.8 kbp). Subsequently, pAct-D6 with a size of 8.5 kbp was also cut using the same enzyme to eleminate a D6 gene with a size of 1.6 kbp. GP25 gene was then ligated with pAct resulted a pAct-GP25 plasmid with a size of 8.8 kbp. As there was only one restriction site applied, ligation can be occurred in two different directions. Thus, in order to determine the plasmid with the desired direction PCR analysis was carried out, and plasmid with the right direction was the one that sized approximately 2.1 kbp (no. 6, 17 and 20). High level of GFP gene expression was detected in all tissues analyzed, i.e. kidney, gil, spleen, and muscle 24 hours after injection which indicated that β-actin promoter of Japanese medaka could be active in common carp. Although not as high as on 24 hours, expression was still detected until day 7 and disappeared after day 28 post injection indicating that pAct-GFP can be remained and β-actin promoter of Japanese medaka can be active in muscle, gills and kidney at least a week after injection. The result of RT-PCR analysis on pAct-GP25 injected common carp showed that GP25 gene expression can be detected 14 days after injection in all tissues observed. The expression level differences between GFP and GP25 genes possibly related to the primer sensitivity on annealing process to cDNA template and the size of PCR targeted DNA fragment, as smaller PCR targeted product will be easier to be amplified than a bigger one. The length of PCR targeted DNA with GP25 primer was 1.8 kbp whereas GFP gene was 0.6 kbp.The challenge test on common carp results showed that all unvaccinated and negative control (not infected with KHV) was alive until the end of the experiment. Whereas, the survival of fish vaccinated with a dose of 12.5 was ranged from 60.9 and 96.7%. In relation to the activity of β-actin promoter that was used in this DNA vaccine, gene expression was occured 24 hours after vaccination and remained until 2 weeks. The control fish that was not injected by GP25 showed no GP25 expression either in the observed tissues or organs and resulted in a lower survival, i.e. 23.3%. The challenge test results has indicated that the fish vaccinated with GP25 at doses of 7.5 and 12.5 μg/100μL were able to produce KHV glycoprotein in their body which would be
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