Judul: Use of Coffee Coffea canephora husk waste in feed on the growth performance of goldfish Cyprinus carpio
Abstrak: Permasalahan pada budidaya ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio) adalah rendahnya efisiensi pakan, maka dari itu diperlukan suatu bahan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pakan pada ikan mas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh penggunaan limbah kulit kopi robusta (Coffea canephora) dengan dosis berbeda pada pakan terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan ikan mas. Ikan mas yang diuji pada penelitian ini memiliki bobot 7,14±0,2 g. Ikan dipelihara selama 60 hari pada akuarium berukuran 40×40×50 cm. Penelitian ini menerapkan rancangan acak lengkap dengan lima perlakuan pakan yang diberi limbah kulit kopi sebanyak 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, dan 4% serta masing-masing perlakuan terdiri dari tiga kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kinerja pertumbuhan terbaik pada perlakuan pemberian 1% kulit kopi dengan efisiensi pakan 49,53±0,03 %, dan laju pertumbuhan harian sebesar 1,36±0,00 g (p<0,05). Penambahan 1% dosis kulit kopi dapat meningkatkan laju pertumbuhan pada ikan mas., The problem in carp farming (Cyprinus carpio) is the low feed efficiency. Therefore, an ingredient is needed to increase feed efficiency in goldfish. This study aims to evaluate the effect of using robusta coffee skin waste (Coffea canephora) with different doses in feed on the growth performance of goldfish. The goldfish tested in this study weighed 7.14±0.2 g. The fish were reared for 60 days in an aquarium. The fish were reared for 60 days in an aquarium measuring 40×40×50 cm. This study applied a completely randomised design with five feed treatments containing 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% coffee skin waste and each treatment consisted of three replicates. The results showed the best growth performance in the treatment of 1% coffee peel with, feed efficiency of 49.53±0.03%, and daily growth rate of 1.36±0.00 g (P < 0.05). The addition of 1% dose of coffee skin can increase the growth rate of goldfish.
Keyword: ikan mas, kinerja pertumbuhan, kulit kopi

Judul: Thymol supplementation in feed to improve growth performance of carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Abstrak: Ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio) merupakan salah satu ikan air tawar yang memiliki banyak peluang dalam hal pengembangan untuk potensi pasar yang terus meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi performa pertumbuhan ikan mas yang diberi pakan dengan berbagai dosis penambahan thymol. Penelitian ini menggunakan lima perlakuan, penambahan thymol pada dosis 0%, 0,1%, 0,2%, 0,4%, dan 0,8% ke dalam pakan. Setiap perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Benih ikan mas dengan bobot 3,230,00 g dipelihara di waring berukuran 2 x 1 x 1 m3 dan ketinggian air 50 cm dengan kepadatan 50 ekor m-3. Ikan dipelihara selama 60 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian thymol meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan ikan, yang meliputi laju pertumbuhan spesifik, bobot akhir, protein efisiensi rasio dan rasio konversi pakan untuk kemudian. Pemberian thymol sebesar 0,4% dalam pakan menghasilkan nilai kinerja pertumbuhan yang maksimal pada ikan mas. Di sisi lain, nilai kelangsungan hidup ikan meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan kadar thymol di pakan. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa dosis optimal penambahan thymol di dalam pakan untuk ikan mas adalah sebesar 0,4%., Carp fish (Cyprinus carpio) is a freshwater fish that has many opportunities in terms of development for an ever-increasing market potential. This study aims to evaluate the growth performance of carp fed with various doses of thymol addition. This study used five treatments, adding thymol at doses of 0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.8% to feed. Each treatment was repeated three times. Goldfish fry weighing 3.23±0.00 g were reared in nets measuring 2 x 1 x 1 m3 and a water level of 50 cm with a density of 50 fish m-3. Fish kept for 60 days. The results showed that the administration of thymol increased the growth performance of fish, which included specific growth rate, final weight, protein efficiency ratio and feed conversion ratio. Giving thymol at 0.4% in feed resulted in maximum growth performance values in carp. On the other hand, the survival value of fish increases with increasing levels of thymol in the feed. From this study it can be concluded that the optimal dose of adding thymol in feed for carp is 0.4%.
Keyword: Carp, fish, growth, thymol

Judul: Penentuan Nilai Eigen dan Vektor Eigen dari Matriks Tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz dengan Pendekatan Polinomial Chebyshev
Abstrak: The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a matrix can be determined by finding its characteristic polynomials. The characteristic polynomials of a tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz matrix is shown to be closely connected to polynomials which satisfy the Chebyshev recurrence relationship. If the order of the matrix is odd, then the eigenvalues are found explicitly in terms of the Chebyshev zeros and the eigenvectors are found in terms of the polynomials satisfying the recurrence relationship. For even ordered matrices, the situation is more complicated. The problem in these cases is that although the Chebyshev recurrence formula is still applied, its initial values are not generating Chebyshev polynomials
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