Judul: Pengaruh Suhu Produksi terhadap Aktivitas Ekstrak Kasar Bakteriosin dari Berbagai Galur Lactobacillus sp dalam Menghambat Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus
Abstrak: The interest of biopreservation systems in foods are increasing in industries and consumers lately. Bacteriocinogenic lactic acid bacteria and/or their isolated bacteriocins are considered as GRAS (generally recognize as safe. It is useful to control the frequent development of pathogens and spoilage microorganisms in foods. The study was aimed to compare activity of crude extract bacteriocins from Lactobacillus sp. strain SCG 1211, SCG 1221, and SCG 1223, which can suppress the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus; and to compare the effect of heating temperature at 80 oC and 100 oC. Adsorbtion-desorbtion method was applied in production step. The inhibitory activities of the bacteriocins were indicated by the presence of a transparent zone surrounding the agar wells. The result showed that inhibitory activity of crude extract bacteriocin were not affected by heating temperature (p>0,05). The highest activity was shown by crude extract bacteriocin from Lactobacillus sp. strain SCG 1211, which the activity was (853,01 ± 0,00) AU/mL towards E.coli and (1033,08 ± 65,76) AU/mL towards S.aureus.
Keyword: Inhibitory activity., Lactobacillus sp, adsorbtion-desorbtion, bacteriocin, biopreservatife

Judul: Produksi Bakteriosin Asal Lactobacillus plantarum sebagai Antimikrob dan Pengujian Ketahanannya terhadap Panas
Abstrak: Bacteriocin is commonly used to biopreservative agent in food. Bacteriocin is an antimicrobial substance that is capable to inhibit toward pathogenic and food borne bacteria. It was reported that indigenous isolate of Lactobacillus plantarum isolated from Indonesian local beef producing an antimicrobial substance (Arief et al., 2008). The objective of this research was to characterize the heat stability of plantaricin at pasteurization and sterilization temperature. The treatments were heat temperature (80 °C for 30 minutes and 121 °C for 15 minutes) and strains of Lactobacillus plantarum (2C12, 1A5, 1B1 and 2B2) usage. The variable was diameter of inhibition zone of antagonistic activity. Antimicrobial activity of plantaricin of Lactobacillus plantarum 2C12, 1B1, 2B2, and 1A5 did not lost after treated at 80 °C for 30 minutes or at 121 °C for 15 minutes. That result showed that plantaricin was stable at pasteurization and sterilization temperature. Plantaricin produced by strains of L. plantarum against indicator bacteria such as Pseudomonas ATCC 27853, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Salmonella enteriditis ser. Typhimurium ATCC 14028 had different activity each other. However, inhibition activity of plantaricin did not lead against Bacillus cereus. Stability of antimicrobial activity of plantaricin to inhibit indicator bacteria after heat treatment proved that plantaricin has a potential as food biopreservative.
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Judul: Karakteristik Anatomi Skelet Kepala Buaya senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii).
Abstrak: Buaya sepit atau senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii) merupakan jenis buaya asli Indonesia yang berhabitat di sungai-sungai Sumatera, Kalimantan, dan juga pedalaman Sulawesi. Salah satu ciri khas buaya senyulong adalah bentuk moncong yang runcing dan sempit, namun hingga saat ini informasi mengenai struktur skelet kepala buaya senyulong sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik anatomi skelet kepala buaya senyulong yang dikatikan dengan fungsi dan perilakunya. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksploratif dengan melakukan pengamatan, pencatatan, dan pengambilan gambar dari skelet kepala buaya senyulong. Skelet kepala berukuran panjang 70 cm, lebar 29 cm, dan tingggi 17 cm dengan permukaan kasar pada os nasale, os frontale, os maxilla, os mandibula, os lacrimale, os jugale. Jumlah gigi pada buaya ini sebanyak 78 buah, terdiri dari 4 buah gigi premaxila, 16 buah gigi maxila, dan 19 buah gigi mandibula. Pada regio orbitalis ditemukan dua pasang fenestrae temporales yang berkembang baik. Fenestra supratemporale merupakan lubang oval yang membentang di sepanjang os parietale. Fenestra infratemporale berbentuk segitiga dan dibatasi oleh os squamosum, os postorbitale, os jugulare, dan os quadratum. Os mandibula hewan ini mempunyai symphysis mandibularis yang panjang yaitu garis yang melintang di corpus mandibulae. Secara fungsional ukuran symphysis mandibularis berkaitan dengan adaptasi hewan terhadap diet makan.
Keyword: kepala, moncong, Tomistoma schlegelii