Judul: Pengaruh Coastal Upwelling di Utara Kontinen Papua dan Gelombang Ekuatorial Rossby Terhadap Produktivitas Perairan dan Perikanan Tuna di Barat Pasifik Warm Pool.
Abstrak: The Western Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP) waters is oligotrophic waters due to the existence of high salinity barrier layer which complicate mixing between low nutrient surface water with pycnocline layer. However, these waters able to supply more than 25% word tuna catches that dominated by Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis), Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares), Bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus), and Albacore (Thunnus alalunga). This ability is thought to be influence by coastal upwelling in the north of Papua continent and equatorial Rossby wave event during ENSO. This study aims to examine the mechanism and influence of coastal upwelling and equatorial Rossby wave on primary productivity and tuna fisheries in the WPWP waters during ENSO. The study using exploratory methods by combining the methods of remote sensing satellite, mooring (Triton Buoy Mooring & ARGO Drifter), Nasa Ocean Biogeochemical Model (NOBM), and tuna fishing using Purse seine fleet. The study results showed that coastal upwelling in the north of Papua continent produced in response to the westerly wind and anomalies (WWBs) through the mechanisms of the Ekman transport, NGCC and NGCUC anomalies, and advection of equatorial Rossby wave (the north pole propagation) from the east of phillipines curved to coastal and oceanic waters north of Papua continent during west moonson. Under the influnce of coastal upwelling, enhancement of primary productivity of oceanic waters occurs through Ekman transport and NGCC and NGCUC anomalies which concentrate upwelling water masses and nutrient rich of coastal waters around the equator. The new nutrient input caused by Rossby waves occur through rototiller effect of Rossby wave which lifted nitracline and deep chlorophyll-a maximum (DCM) to the mixed layer (MLD) at the crest of the main wave and sink the low nutrien surface water and DCM deeper in the trough wave. Increased of primary productivity in surface waters is shown by the high concentration of chlorophyll-a and total chlorophyll (phytoplankton blooming) in the area of disturbance. The calculation result of coastal upwelling contribution to increased of primary productivity in coastal and oceanic waters are 73% and 68%. This value is higher than contribution of equatorial Rossby wave (<40%) in WCPW waters during ENSO either or other oligotrophic waters. It is caused by (a) upwelling of nitracline and DCM only reach shallow depth on the base of MLD and within range of SeaWIFS optical depth zone (25 – 40 m) while largest proportion of high chlorophyll-a concentration below both of the depth, (b) a high concentration of dissolved iron (FeD) in the waters during the ENSO restrictive the growth of specific microphytoplankton,and (c) a high consumtion rate of Diatom group by mesozooplankton are abundance in the upwelling area. Waters response as a result of these mechanisms is also shown by increased abudance of Cyanobacteria and Coccolithophores phytoplankton group in the area of new nutrient input and simultaneously dominate phytoplankton fluorescence in the waters. On the contrary, Diatom and Chlorophytes phytoplankton group have a low abudance. It is caused by high grazing rate of mesozooplankton such as copepoda and high concentration of FeD in the waters restrictive the growth both of phytoplankton group. Consequently,
Keyword: coastal upwelling, equatorial Rossby wave, nitracline, Deep Chlorophyll-a maximum, microbial loop

Judul: Studi Upwelling dan Implikasinya Terhadap Produktivitas Tangkapan Ikan Lemuru di Perairan Selat Bali
Abstrak: Selat Bali termasuk kedalam Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan (WPP No. 573), dimana potensi perikanan di selat ini, utamanya komoditas ikan lemuru sangat melimpah. Produktivitas primer dan kelimpahan ikan pelagis yang tinggi tersebut berhubungan erat dengan kejadian upwelling pantai musiman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses fisik dan dinamika upwelling pantai serta implikasinya terhadap fluktuasi produksi perikanan lemuru, dengan menggunakan multi-dataset dari observasi satelit dan keluaran model sirkulasi laut INDESO. Data pendukung berupa data angin dari ECMWF dan hasil tangkaan ikan lemuru dari Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai Muncar. Metode analisis data dengan diagram Taylor, analisis data deret-waktu, estimasi transpor Ekman, indeks upwelling, serta korelasi-silang upwelling dan produksi perikanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa puncak upwelling di Selat Bali terjadi dalam periode Monsun Tenggara dari bulan Juni sampai Agustus, dimana transpor Ekman sekitar 5,5 x 10-3 Sv (1 Sv = 106 m3/s) yang mengalir ke arah baratdaya (menuju lepas pantai), sehingga angkutan ini menjadikan defisit massa air di dekat pantai yang kemudian diisi oleh naiknya massa air dingin dan kaya nutrien dari lapisan lebih dalam ke permukaan. Rona permukaan laut pada peristiwa upwelling di Selat Bali dicirikan dengan suhu minimum (24.93 0C), tinggi muka laut minimum (0.75 m), tetapi klorofil-a maksimum (1.33 mg/m3). Selanjutnya, ciri upwelling di kolom bawah permukaan adalah tersingkapnya kontur isotherm 26 0C dan isohaline 33.7 psu dari kedalaman sekitar 80 m permukaan laut di pusat zona upwelling. Retata indeks upwelling berdasarkan berdasarkan perbedaan suhu adalah sekitar (1.19 ± 0.19 0C). Peristiwa upwelling berdampak positif terhadap tingginya kelimpahan produksi ikan lemuru sekitar 2 bulan setelah puncak upwelling atau sekitar bulan Oktober., The Bali Strait has fishery potential and is included in the Fisheries Management Area (WPP No. 573), where the abundant commodity is lemuru fish. Primary productivity and high abundance of pelagic fish is closely related to seasonal coastal upwelling. This study aims to described the physical processes and dynamics of coastal upwelling and their implications for fluctuations in lemuru fish productivity, used multi-datasets from observations satellite and model outputs of ocean circulation from INDESO models. Supporting data that used in this research are wind data from ECMWF and lemuru fish catched data from Muncar coastal fishing port. Data analysis method used Taylor diagram, time-series data analysis, Ekman transport estimation, upwelling index, and cross-correlation of upwelling and fishery production. The results showed that peak of upwelling in the Bali Strait occurs during the Southeast Monsoon period (June to August), where the value of Ekman transport was about 5.5 x 10-3 Sv (1 Sv = 106 m3/s), which flows to the southwest (towards the offshore). Therefore could caused water masses deficit near the coast which would be filled by the cold rising water mass that contained nutrient-rich from the deeper layers up to the surface. The upwelling event in the Bali Strait is characterized by minimum temperature (24.93 0C), minimum sea level (0.75 m), and maximum chlorophyll-a (1.33 mg/m3). Furthermore, the feature of upwelling in the subsurface column is the outcropped contour of the isotherm 26 0C and isohaline 33.7 psu from a depth of about 80 m sea level in the center of the
Keyword: coastal upwelling, Ekman transport, INDESO model, Bali Strait, production of lemuru fish

Judul: Histerektomi Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Anjing merupakan hewan kesayangan yang banyak dipelihara hampir di setiap rumah, baik sebagai kegemaran maupun untuk keamanan pemiliknya. Histerektomi merupakan suatu tindakan bedah dan pembuangan uterus dengan tujuan untuk menanggulangi hal-hal yang patologik seperti pyometra, distokia yang berkepanjangan dan anaknya diduga masih hidup, adanya tumor uterus serta untuk tindakan fisiologik yaitu sterilisasi untuk mengatur keturunan (Arthur,197S).
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