Judul: Fluktuasi Harga Komoditas Pangan Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Inflasi Di Provinsi Banten
Abstrak: Inflasi di Provinsi Banten berfluktuatif. Kelompok yang berkontribusi besar yaitu kelompok bahan makanan, salah satunya komoditas pangan. Oleh karena itu, harga komoditas pangan menjadi isu penting di Provinsi Banten. Penelitian ini menganalisis harga komoditas pangan, yaitu beras, jagung, cabai merah keriting, bawang merah, daging sapi murni, daging ayam ras dan telur ayam ras. Data yang digunakan adalah data time series bulanan Januari 2011 hingga Desember 2014. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) Menjelaskan perkembangan harga komoditas pangan di Provinsi Banten; 2) Menganalisis dampak fluktuasi harga komoditas pangan terhadap inflasi di Provinsi Banten; 3) Menganalisis keterkaitan inflasi antar wilayah Provinsi Banten. Dalam penelitian ini metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif, model VAR (Vector Autoregression) atau VECM (Vector Error Correction Model) dan Uji kausalitas Granger. Hasil dari analisis deskriptif menunjukkan selama 2011-2014, perkembangan harga komoditas beras, jagung, cabai merah keriting, bawang merah, daging sapi murni, daging ayam ras dan telur ayam ras menunjukkan kecenderungan yang meningkat. Hasil analisis VAR menunjukkan bahwa dalam jangka pendek hanya komoditas cabai merah keriting yang berdampak secara signifikan terhadap inflasi di Provinsi Banten. Pada jangka pajang terdapat enam komoditas yang berdampak secara signifikan terhadap inflasi di Provinsi Banten, yaitu daging sapi murni, jagung, beras, daging ayam ras, telur ayam ras serta cabai merah keriting. Hasil uji kausalitas Granger menunjukkan bahwa hanya terdapat hubungan satu arah, yaitu inflasi Banten mempengaruhi inflasi Lampung.
Keyword: fluktuasi, harga pangan, inflasi, VAR, VECM, kausalitas Granger

Judul: Effects  of  food  from  livestock  price  fluctuation to inflation in Bogor district
Abstrak: Inflasi di Kabupaten Bogor berfluktuatif. Kelompok yang berkontribusi besar yaitu kelompok bahan makanan, salah satunya pangan hewani asal ternak. Oleh karena itu, harga pangan hewani asal ternak menjadi isu penting di Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini menganalisis harga komoditas pangan hewani asal ternak, yaitu daging ayam broiler (karkas), daging sapi has, daging sapi bistik, daging sapi murni, hati sapi, daging kambing/domba, telur ayam ras, telur ayam buras, telur itik, dan susu segar. Data yang digunakan adalah data time series bulanan periode Januari 2010 hingga Desember 2013. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) Menjelaskan perkembangan harga komoditas pangan hewani asal ternak di Kabupaten Bogor menggunakan analisis deskriptif; 2) Menganalisis dampak fluktuasi harga komoditas pangan hewani asal ternak terhadap inflasi di Kabupaten Bogor menggunakan model VAR (Vector Autoregression). Hasil dari analisis deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa selama 2010-2013, perkembangan harga komoditas daging ayam broiler (karkas), daging sapi has, daging sapi bistik, daging sapi murni, hati sapi, daging kambing/domba, dan telur ayam ras cenderung meningkat, sedangkan komoditas telur ayam buras, telur itik dan susu segar cenderung stabil. Hasil analisis VAR menunjukkan bahwa pada jangka panjang, fluktuasi harga berdampak terhadap inflasi terutama pada komoditas daging sapi murni dan telur ayam ras, diikuti oleh telur ayam buras, daging ayam broiler (karkas), daging sapi has, susu segar, telur itik, dan daging kambing/domba. Adapun komoditas daging sapi bistik dan hati sapi tidak berdampak secara signifikan terhadap inflasi., Bogor District has a fluctuative inflation. The highest inflation is contributed by food category, especially food from livestock. Therefore, the price of the food from livestock became an important issue in Bogor District. This research analyze the prices of food from livestock, such as broiler meat (carcass), filet beef, beefsteak, beef, beef livers, mutton, layer egg, native chicken egg, duck egg, and fresh milk. The data used are monthly time series data from January 2010 to December 2013. The purpose of this research are: 1) to describe the development of food from livestock price in Bogor District using descriptive analysis, 2) to analyze the effects of food from livestock price fluctuations on inflation in Bogor District using VAR (Vector Autoregression) model. The result of descriptive analysis shows that in 2010-2013 the prices of broiler meat (carcass), filet beef, beefsteak, beef, beef livers, goat meat, and layer egg have an upward trend, while native chicken egg, duck egg, and fresh milk have a stable trend. The result of VAR (Vector Autoregression) analysis shows that in the long term, price fluctuation effected on inflation of Bogor District, especially beef and layer egg, followed by native chicken egg, broiler meat (carcass), filet beef, fresh milk, duck egg, and mutton. The beefsteak and beef livers are not significantly effect on inflation.
Keyword: fluktuasi, harga pangan hewani asal ternak, inflasi, VAR

Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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