Judul: Pengaruh Strip Rumput Serta Pengelolaan Tanah dan Sisa Tanaman terhadap Kehilangan Unsur Kalsium, Magnesium dan Kalium Melalui Erosi pada Dystropept Oksik (Latosol Coklat Kemerahan) Dramaga
Abstrak: Penanrunan strip rumput vetiver serta perlakuan pengolahan tanah konservasi dan penggunaan sisa tanaman adalah tindakan konservasi tanah dan air yang murah dan mudah diterapkan, tetapi mampu mencegah bahaya erosi dan penurunan produktivitas tanah. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk nelihat pengaruh strip rumput serta pengelolaan tanah dan sisa tananan terhadap selektivitas erosi dan kehilangan unsur hara.
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Judul: Pengaruh Strip Rumput Vetiver dan Sistem Pengelolaan Tanah- Sisa Tanaman terhadap Konsentrasi dan Kehilangan C-Organik, N dan P Melalui Erosi PAda Dystropept Oksik (Laktosol Coklat Kemarahan) Dramaga
Abstrak: Penggunaan strip rumput yang di kombinasi kandengan pengolahan tanah konservasi dengan pemberian sisa tanaman sebagai mulsa merupakan salah satu metode konservasi tanah dan air yang relatif murah dan mudah di laksanakan oleh petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh strip rumput vetiverdan pengelolaan tanah sisa tanaman berupa jerami padi terhadap konsentrasi dan kehilangan Corganik, unsur hara N .dan P melalui aliran permukaan dan erosi serta Nisbah Pengayaan (ER) hara dalam sedimen selama satu musim tanam kacang tanah varietas Pelanduk pada Latosol Darmaga.
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Judul: Kajian Keberadaan Virus Avian Influenza pada Unggas di Pasar Burung Pramuka, Jakarta
Abstrak: Avian Influenza (AI) which is caused by influenzavirus A of the family Orthomyxoviridae cause an important impact, including in health, social and economic sectors. AI viruses (AIV) can infect various birds and mammals, therefore bird market as a meeting place for human and poultry can potentially transmit AI virus among birds or from birds to human. Indonesia is a habitat of various bird species; therefore research about AIV on bird, especially which are sold in the Pramuka Bird Market, as the biggest bird market in Jakarta, is urgently needed. In general, the aim of this study was to examine the presence of AIV in various bird species sold in Pramuka Bird Market, Jakarta. Specifically, the aims of this study were: (1) to assess the presence of H5 AI virus in oropharyngeal swab, cloacal swab, and fecal samples of various bird species using real time Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (rRT-PCR); (2) to detect the presence of antibodies against AIV (H5) in various bird species using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test, and (3) to determine the relationship among weather and geographic origin of birds to the prevalence of AIV. During April until September 2011, a number of 862 field samples from 28 families and 96 bird species were collected in Pramuka Bird Market, Jakarta. These field samples consisted of 649 fecal samples, 114 cloacal swab samples, and 99 oropharyngeal swab samples. As many as 7 of 649 faecal samples (1.08%) were positive AI. However, none cloacal or oropharyngel swab were positive AI. Positive fecal samples were detected in four bird species, which are three magpie-robins (Copsychus saularis, family Turdidae), two white-eyes (Zosterops palpebrosus, family Zostropidae), a yellow-vented bulbul (Pycnonotus goiavier, family Pycnotidae), and a robin (Leiothrix lutea, family Sylviidae). In addition to field samples, during April until September 2011, 178 birds from 21 families and 47 species were purchased from the same bird market. From 178 birds, two birds (1.12%), which were two white-eyes (Zosterops palpebrosus, family Zostropidae), were positive AI. The whole positive samples were from Passeriformis order. However, based on rRT-PCR result, there were no H5 positive samples. A number of 163 serum samples were collected from 178 purchased birds from Pramuka Bird Market. Based on HI test using antigen A/Legok/IPB-SGT/1/2004 (H5N1) and A/Ck/West Java/PWT-Wij/2006 (H5N1), seven of 163 birds (4.29%) had positive antibodies to AI. There were differences in HI titers between the two antigens. By using A/Legok/IPB-SGT/1/2004 (H5N1) antigen, two sample were strongly positive (titers ≥ 24), while the other five samples were weakly positive (titers <24). Strongly positive results were obtained from two scooty-headed bulbul (Pycnonotus aurigaster, family Pycnotidae). While the weakly positive results were obtained from a swan (Cygnus sp., family Anatidae), a duck (Anas sp., family Anatidae), a munia (Lonchura maja, family Ploceidae), a spotted-dove (Streptopelia chinensis, family Columbidae), and a black-crowned iv night heron (Nyctorax nyctorax, family Ardeidae). By using A/Ck/West Java/PWT-Wij/2006 (H5N1) antigen, the average HI titer obtained was higher. Five samples were strongly positive (Lonchura maja, Cygnus sp., Nyctorax nyctorax, and two Pycnonotus aurigaster), while samples from Anas sp. and Streptopelia chinensis were weakly positive.
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