Judul: Physicochemical Characteristics of Beauty Product Cleansing Balm Based on Lanolin Wool's Sheep
Abstrak: Cleansing balm merupakan produk kosmetik yang digunakan sebagai pembersih make up dan sunscreen tahan air yang memiliki konsistensi seperti balsem pada suhu ruang dan meleleh ketika dioleskan pada kulit wajah. Salah satu minyak alami yang dikenal memiliki manfaat dalam bidang kesehatan adalah lanolin yang diekstrak dari wol domba. Lanolin bersifat sebagai emolien dan oklusif yang berperan dalam melembapkan dan mengatasi masalah kulit kering. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakteristik fisikokimia cleansing balm berbahan dasar lanolin wol domba dan mengetahui formulasi lanolin terbaik dalam pembuatan produk cleansing balm. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan satu faktor peubah, yaitu taraf lanolin yang digunakan. Formulasi perlakuan dibedakan dengan penambahan lanolin sebesar 0%, 20%, 40%, dan 60%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan taraf perlakuan lanolin berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter titik leleh, daya sebar, daya bersih, dan homogenitas. Sampel sediaan dengan taraf perlakuan 60% lanolin memiliki hasil analisis terbaik sebagai produk pembersih make up., Cleansing balm is a cosmetic product that is useful for cleaning waterproof make-up and sunscreen which has a consistency like a solid balm at room temperature and melts when its contact to warm facial skin. One of the natural oil ingredients known for its health effects is lanolin from wool extraction. Lanolin consists of emollient and occlusive effects which are compatible for moisturizing and repairing skin from dryness. This research aims to analyze the physicochemical characteristics of cleansing balm based on lanolin wool’s sheep and to find out the best lanolin formulation in making cleansing balm products. Completely random designed method with one variable factor use in this research, namely lanolin levels. Treatment formulations differentiated by addition of lanolin at 0%, 20%, 40%, and 60%. The result showed that the treatment level of lanolin as natural oil gave a significant effect on the parameters of melting point, spreadability, clean power, and homogeneity. The sample preparation with a treatment level of 60% lanolin has the best analysis results as a make up remover.
Keyword: cleansing balm, fisikokimia, lanolin wol domba

Judul: Physicochemical Characteristics of Lanolin Lip Balm with Beetroot Extract (Beta vulgaris L.)
Abstrak: Lip balm merupakan lilin substansi yang dioles atau diaplikasikan pada bibir. Pengunaan lip balm yaitu memberikan efek melembapkan pada bibir dan melindungi pengaruh buruk lingkungan pada bibir, agar bibir sehat dan menarik tidak pecah-pecah atau tidak mudah kering. Komponen atau basis utama dari lip balm adalah lilin lebah, lanolin, dan minyak jarak. Komponen lain dalam formula sediaan yaitu buah bit. Buah bit merupakan buah yang mampu memberikan efek yang dapat mencegah bibir pecah- pecah, karena buah bit memiliki aktivitas antioksidan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis karakteristik fisik dan kimia lip balm lanolin yang mengandung ekstrak buah bit (Beta vulgaris L.) dengan konsentrasi berbeda. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan konsentrasi 0%, 15%, 20%, dan 25% ekstrak buah bit (Beta vulgaris L.). Uji yang dilakukan adalah uji fisik nilai pH, daya oles, titik leleh, dan analisis tingkat kelembapan yang dilakukan kepada dua orang panelis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa lip balm dengan penambahan konsentrasi ekstrak buah bit yang berbeda, berpengaruh terhadap pH dan titik leleh yang menurunkan nilai pH dan menaikkan titik leleh, namun tidak mempengaruhi homogenitas dan daya oles, serta kelembapan., Lip balm is a waxy substance that is smeared or applied to the lips. The use of lip balm is to provide a moisturizing effect on the lips and protect the bad influence of the environment on the lips, so that the lips are healthy and attractive not chapped or dry easily. The main components or bases of lip balms are beeswax, lanolin, and castor oil. Another component in the dosage formula is beetroot. Beetroot is a fruit that is able to provide an effect that can prevent chapped lips, because beets have antioxidant activity. This research was conducted to analyze the physical and chemical characteristics of lanolin lip balm containing beetroot extract (Beta vulgaris L.) with different concentrations. The study was conducted using concentrations of 0%, 15%, 20%, and 25% of beetroot extract (Beta vulgaris L.). The tests carried out were phy sical tests, pH values, greasing power, melting points, then analysis of the humidity level which was carried out on 2 panelists. The results showed that lip balm with the addition of different concentrations of beetroot extract, affect the pH and melting point which lowers the pH value and increases the melting point, but does not affect the homogeneity and greasiness, and humidity.
Keyword: buah bit, lanolin, lip balm

Judul: Indexing Spatio-Temporal Pada Data Hotspot
Abstrak: The spatial information of hotspot is always changing over time. The recording of these changes makes it necessary to add dimension of time (temporal) into database. The database which is capable to store spatial and temporal information is known as spatiotemporal database. This database is bigger than a normal database because it stores all versions of an object over time and not allowed data to be physically deleted. A large database size causes it’s search time increases. It makes an access structure is needed in spatiotemporal database. Indexing is one of the access structure applied in the spatiotemporal database that accelerates data searching process. Spatiotemporal indexing method consists of two parts namely spatial indexing which is based on geographical information, and temporal indexing which is based on data timing information. The process of hotspot data indexing will be done in this research by using R-Tree approach for spatial data and Change Temporal Index (CTI) for temporal data. R-Tree is a hierarchical, height-balanced external memory data structure for multidimensional object. The hierarchical of R-Tree based on list of administrative such as regency, provinces and island. Change Temporal Index makes indexed data based on temporal side like valid time. CTI keeps valid data in current database and previous data according to interval valid time in historical database. This research is expected to accelerate the retrieving process in spatiotemporal databases. Spatial indexing makes searching faster up to 70%, temporal indexing makes searching faster up to 35% and spatiotemporal indexing makes searching faster than without indexing up to 50%.
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