Judul: Penggunaan campuran tepung meniran-bawang putih dalam pakan untuk pengendalian infeksi Vibrio alginolyticus pada benih ikan kerapu macan Epinephelus fuscoguttatus
Abstrak: The purpose of this research was to determined the effectivity of Phyllanthus niruri-Allium sativum powder in fish feed for controlling Vibrio alginolyticus infection on tiger grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus. In vitro test was conducted to evaluated Phyllanthus niruri-Allium sativum dosage combination (15+20, 15+25, 20+20, 20+25 and 25+20 g/L) to inhibit bacterial fish pathogen. The dosage combination of 20+25 g/L was given the highest inhibitory zone (12,33 mm in diameter) and this dosage was used for in vivo test. In vivo test consisted of four treatments; negative control, positive control, preventive dan curative. Tiger grouper (length 7,74±0,27 cm and weight 12,50±0,394 g) were reared in aquarium (60x30x30 cm3) with stocking density of 6 fishes/aquarium. The preventive teratment was fed with feed treatment (20+25 g/kg of feed) for 14 days, while the others treatment was fed with commercial feed. The 0,1 ml of V. alginolyticus at concentration of 104 cfu/ml were injected to fishes of positive control, preventive and curative treatment while negative control fishes were injected with PBS. Curative treatment fishes were given treatment feed (40+50 g/kg of feed) and negative control, positive control and preventive treatment fishes were given with commercial feed. The fish feed response, growth rate, survival rate, hematology, anatomy and water quality were observed for 7 days after injected. The result of research showed that suplemented of Phyllanthus niruri-Allium sativum in fish feed at preventive and curative treatment showed better survival rate, 83,33 % and 61,11 % respectively, than positive control 38,89 % (P<0,05).
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Judul: Efektivitas campuran bubuk meniran Phyllanthu niruri dan bawang putih Allium sativum dalam pakan untuk pengobatan infeksi bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila pada ikan lele dumbo Clarias sp.
Abstrak: Intensive aquaculture system can increase the risk infection of fatal disease such as Motile Aeromonad Septicaemia (MAS) caused by Aeromonas hydrophila. The addition of herb medicine in feed is an alternative treatment. This research purposed to determine the optimum dose of Phyllanthus niruri and Allium sativum mixed in feed to cure MAS. This research tested 4 different dose of Phyllanthus niruri and Allium sativum mixed in feed. Dose were mixed in feed was 0.2% (A), 2.2% (B), 4.2% (C), 6.2% (D) and also negative and positive control were feed without Phyllanthus niruri and Allium sativum powder. In vivo test carried out in fish sized 11.39±0.62 cm and weight 10.12±1.70 gram. Injection of 0,1 ml A. hydrophila (108 cfu/ml) was done for positive control, A, B, C, and D. In the same time, the negative control was injected 0,1 ml Phosphate Buffered Saline. The feed had being given to fish at 2 until 8 days after injection. Parameter observed including feeding response, growth rate, survival rate, clinical symptoms and wound healing, and organs morphology. Data different in survival rate, growth rate and feeding response between treatment were analysed by ANOVA single factor. In the other hand, descriptive analysis was done for organs morphology, wound healing, and clinical symptom. The result showed that the survival of negative control was 100% and positive control 26.67±23.09%. The survival rate of positive control was not different significantly with A 33.33±11.55%, B 46.67±11.55%, C 33.33±11.55%, D 26.67±11.55%. This result means the mixed powder of Allium sativum and Phyllanthus niruri in feed wasn't effective for curing MAS in catfish.
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Judul: Hubungan Ciri-Ciri Pribadi dan Perilaku Kepemimpinan Kepala Desa dalam Perencanaan Pembangunan Desa
Abstrak: Undang-Undang No. 5 Tahun 1979 menetapkan Kepala Desa sebagai pejabat pemerintahan tertinggi didesa. Diantara Kepala Desa terdapat perbedaan-perbedaan dalam melaksanakan tugasnya, karena berbedanya ciri - ciri pribadi yang mempengaruhi perilaku kepemimpinan Kepala Desa. Ciri - ciri pribadi adalah suatu ciri atau sifat seseorang yang bersumber dari unsur keturunan (hereditas) dan berkembang sesuai dengan keadaan lingkungannya. Perilaku kepemimpinan adalah tindak-tanduk seseorang dalam mengarahkan,membimbing dan mendorong orang lain agar bertingkah laku sesuai dengan yang dikehendakinya.
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