Judul: Identification of aroma profiles two pineapple varieties and their new genotype using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-olfactometry and sensory test
Abstrak: Two varieties of pineapples, Mahkota Bogor, Delika Subang and their new genotype (Pasir Kuda), were freshly extracted using liquid-liquid extraction and solid phase microextraction (SPME). The aroma compounds of the three samples were analyzed by GC-MS and GC-olfactometry using nasal impact frequency (NIF) method. A total of 14 odor-active compounds were associated with the aroma of pineapple. Methyl 2-methyl butanoate and ethyl 2-methyl butanoate with very high intensity were found to be responsible for the pineapple fruity sweet odor. Other odorants including methyl hexanoate, ethyl hexanoate, methyl octanoate, methyl 3-(methylthio) propanoate, 2,5-dimethyl-4-methoxy-3(2H)- furanone, δ-hexalactone, γ-octalactone, 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2H)-furanone and δ-decalactone contribute to the overall aroma of pineapple. The main differences between the aroma of Mahkota Bogor, Pasir Kuda and Delika Subang could be attributed to the olfactory attributes (fruity, sweet, caramel, pineapplelike, coconut) which were perceived by most of the panelist in the Mahkota Bogor and Pasir Kuda but were not detected in the Delika Subang samples. This work is a prerequisite for effective selection of pineapple genotypes with optimal aroma profiles for high consumer acceptance.
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Judul: Genetic diversity analisis on pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) by random amplified polymrphic dna (RAPD)
Abstrak: Pineapple is belong to the Bromeliaceae, a large family of American tropics (only one species originated from Africa) which has 45 genera and 2 000 species. Out of six species of pineapple, Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. is the only species grown commercially for its fruit (Nakasone and Paull, 1998). To date, world cultivation just based on six cultivars, i.e., Cayenne, Queen, Singapore Spanish, Red Spanish, Abacaxi and Perolera, while the first three have been the genetic base of distribution from the original area. In Indonesia, cultivars that recommended by Department of Agriculture are only Queen (Bogor pineapple and Palembang pineapple) for fresh fruit and Cayenne (Smooth or Lisse) for processing uses and assumed to have low genetic variability. In this study, 17 accessions of pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) were evaluated for their morphological performance and subjected to analysis of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Eight morphological characters of the accessions were measured to examine their morphological relationship. For RAPD analysis, thirteen primers of 10-mers were used to amplify the genomic DNA of the pineapple accessions. Out of them, three random primers yielded monomorphic products while the remaining amplified a total of 20 (87%) fragments, all of which were polymorphic, with an average of 1.77 fragments per primer. A dendogram based on UPGMA-link method and principal component analysis (PCA) plots were examined the clustering pattern and distribution of the accessions, both for morphological characters and amplification products. As the result, RAPD analysis showed higher coefficient of similarity between pineapple accessions tested rather than morphological's, which may indicate the high environmental influence on the morphological performance. This study was demonstrated that RAPD analysis was able to detect genetic similarity among accessions in one species, eventhough among all primers used, there was no single primer could distinguish between Queen and Smooth Cayenne group of pineapple tested. ...
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Judul: Urolitiasis pada anjing
Abstrak: Urolitiasis adalah suatu penyakit dimana terjadi proses pengendapan batu pada traktus urinaria. Kalkuli yang paling banyak dijumpai pada kasus urolitiasis anjing adalah kalkuli magnesium amonium fosfat (struvite), jika dibandingkan dengan kalkuli oksalat, sistin dan urat (Osborne et al., 1982). Infeksi oleh Staphylococcus aureus pada traktus urinaria memgang peranan penting dalam proses pembentukan kalkuli, karena bakteri tersebut dapat menghasilkan enzim urease, raktor predisposisi tidak dapat dinisankan dari infeksi traktus urinaria. Pada anjing, tempat yang banyak didapati pengandapan kalkuli adalah kantung air kemih dan uretra, sedangkan pada ginjalnya jarang. Pada anjing jantan lebih sering kejadiannya dibanding dengan pada anjing betina, karena anatomi traktus urinaria pada anjing jantan lebih memungkinkan untuk terjadinya obstruksi, yaitu lebih panjang dan sempit. Besarnya, kalkuli bervariasi, dari kecil dan halus seperti pasir sampai besar dan kasar seperti batu karang. ...
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