Judul: Curahan kerja, kontribusi anggota keluarga dalam pendapatan rumahtangga dan pola pengeluaran nelayan tradisional di Kabupaten Brebes Jawa Tengah
Abstrak: A number of studies on fishermen’s lives generally focus on poverty and economic uncertainty as a result of living difficulties faced by fishermen and their families. At present, most households do not have only one income source but several sources. In other words, they do diversified jobs or have various income sources. However, the problem is that the opportunity cost or any possible activities the fishermen can do when they do not catch fish is very low and they tend to do the activities although they are not profitable and efficient. The objectives of this research were to analyze the factors that affect the allocation of working time among the households of traditional fishermen who use payang as a catching tool and to examine the factors that influence their income and expenditure. This study used cross sectional data. The model built in this study was intended to be able to identify the economic behaviors among the households of traditional fishermen in Brebes Regency, Central Java, based on the existing data and the results of previous studies with the support of relevant theories.
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Judul: Analisis Peran Gender dan Perilaku Menabung Pada Keluarga Nelayan (Studi di Kelurahan Palabuhanratu Kabupaten Sukabumi)
Abstrak: Ketidakpastian pendapatan yang diperoleh nelayan membuat keluarga nelayan harus mempunyai manajemen keuangan yang baik untuk dapat memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga dan mencapai kesejahteraan keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran gender dan perilaku menabung serta pengaruhnya terhadap kesejahteraan keluarga. Penelitian ini melibatkan 60 keluarga: 30 nelayan buruh dan 30 nelayan pemilik yang dipilih secara purposive. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lebih banyak suami yang terlibat dalam pengambilan keputusan pada kegiatan domestik sedangkan lebih sedikit istri yang terlibat dalam pengambilan keputusan pada kegiatan publik. Sebagian besar keluarga nelayan hidup diatas garis kemiskinan. Namun berdasarkan pengukuran indikator sosial metrik, sebagian besar keluarga nelayan dikategorikan sebagai keluarga miskin. Analisis lebih lanjut mengindikasikan bahwa perilaku menabung dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh pendapatan, perilaku kerabat, dan orientasi waktu. Tingkat kesejahteraan keluarga dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh usia suami, pendidikan istri, pendapatan keluarga, besar keluarga, perilaku kerabat, dan orientasi waktu.
Keyword: Family well-being, Ffisherman families, Ggender role, Ssaving behavior

Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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