Judul: Efektivitas Frekuensi Pemberian Vaksin DNA melalui Pakan terhadap Kelangsungan Hidup Relatif Ikan Mas yang Diinfeksi Koi Herpesvirus
Abstrak: Cultured of common carp is currently constrained by a koi herpesvirus (KHV) disease. KHV disease is highly malignant, infectious, and can kill common carp and koi over 80% of the population. It is therefore necessary to provide a prevention method that are safe and can be mass applied. In this study, it carried out anti-KHV DNA vaccination 1 mL/fish through artificial feed to determine the effective frequency of vaccination that produces a high survival on KHV infected fish. There are five treatments with three replicates, namely treatment A: vaccination once a week, treatment B: two times a week of vaccination, treatment C: vaccination three times a week, positive control: the fish were not vaccinated and challenged with KHV, and negative controls: fish were not vaccinated and injected with phosphate buffer saline solution. Feeding was performed 2 times a day at satiation. The results showed that vaccination three times a week offered 4 the highest relative percent survival (84.6%) and showed the best phagocytic activity compared with other treatments. Hence, vaccination via the feed can effectively increase the survival of fish, and this can be as an alternative method to control KHV infection in carp and koi culture.
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Judul: Efikasi Vaksin DNA Penyandi Glikoprotein Koi Herpesvirus pada Ikan Mas Stadia Benih melalui Perendaman
Abstrak: Koi herpesvirus (KHV) is a herpesvirus which especially infects and causes mass mortality to koi and common carp. Therefore the protection of carp from KHV infection is urgently needed. In this study, we developed an application of DNA vaccine containing gene encoding KHV glycoprotein by immersion method to increase survival of common carp against KHV infection. As many as 400 of 30-day-old common carp juveniles were immersed in the water containing 1.3 x 108 CFU/ml of the killed Escherichia coli cells carrying DNA vaccine. Treatments performed were variation of duration and frequency of DNA vaccine immersion; as follows: 1x 30 minutes, 1x 60 minutes, 1x 90 minutes, 2x 90 minutes, and 3x 90 minutes of immersion treatments. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis showed that DNA vaccine was successfully expressed among the vaccinated fish. Twenty eight days post vaccination, the fish were challenged by injecting 10-4 ml/fish of KHV. The result demonstrated that vaccination by 30 minutes immersion; allowed the 61% of fish survived, this was significantly different (P<0.05) compared to control (without vaccination), but insignificantly different (P>0.05) compared to those of other treatments. The relative percent survival of vaccinated fish were also similar among different treatments (P>0.05). Vaccination by immersion have increased the survival rate about 2 fold compared to unvaccinated fish control (26.67%). Thus, DNA vaccine was effective delivered by immersion for 1x 30 minutes, and this technique can be useful to level up the resistance to KHV infection in common carp juveniles.
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Judul: Peranan Sektor Industri  Terhadap Pembangunan Wilayah di Kota Madya Medan Propinsi Sumatera Utara
Abstrak: Kotamadya Medan sebagai pusat pertumbuhan ekonomi di Sumatera Utara daiam pengembangan perekonomiannya dipengaruhi oleh potensi yang dimiiiki terutama potensi dari sudut letaknya yang strategis bagi lalu lintas perdagangan , sehingga sangat mendukung bagi pertumbuhan barbagai jenis industri terutama yang berorientasi ekspor .
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