Judul: The Influence of Parent-Adolescent and Peer Interaction on Premarital Sexual Perception of Adolescent Broken Home
Abstrak: Perceraian di Indonesia terus meningkat mengakibatkan ketidakseimbangan peran dan fungsi keluarga. Ketidakseimbangan tersebut memberikan dampak kepada remaja seperti perilaku seksual pranikah remaja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan dan pengaruh interaksi orang tua-remaja dan interaksi teman sebaya terhadap persepsi seksual pranikah pada remaja dari keluarga broken home. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode purposive sampling dengan pengisian survei secara online. Jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 190 remaja yang berasal dari keluarga broken home di daerah Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang dan Bekasi). Uji hubungan menunjukkan interaksi orang tua-remaja memiliki hubungan yang negatif signifikan terhadap persepsi seksual pranikah remaja dari keluarga broken home. Hasil uji pengaruh menunjukkan interaksi orang tua-remaja berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap persepsi seksual pranikah remaja dari keluarga broken home, namun interaksi teman sebaya memiliki pengaruh positif tidak signifikan terhadap persepsi sekual remaja dari keluarga broken home., Divorce in Indonesia continues to increase resulting in an imbalance of family roles and functions. This imbalance has an impact on adolescents such as adolescent premarital sexual behavior. This study aims to identify the correlation and effect of parent-adolescent interaction and peer interaction on premarital sexual perception among adolescents from broken home family. The method used in this study is a purposive sampling method using an online survey. The total research samples were 190 teenagers from broken home families living in the Jabodetabek area (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi). The relationship test showed that the parent-adolescent interaction had a significant negative relationship on the premarital sexual perception of adolescents from broken home families. The results of the influence test showed that the parent adolescent interaction had a significant negative effect on premarital sexual perceptions of adolescents from broken homes, but peer interaction had an insignificant positive effect on sexual perceptions of adolescents from broken homes.
Keyword: broken home, interaksi orang tua-anak, interaksi teman sebaya, persepsi seksual pranikah, remaja

Judul: Pengaruh Kelekatan Remaja-Orang Tua, Tekanan Teman Sebaya, dan Konsep Diri terhadap Perilaku Seksual Pranikah Remaja SMK
Abstrak: Perkembangan seksualitas pada remaja menimbulkan tujuan baru yaitu reproduksi (keturunan) yang seringkali membuat remaja mengabaikan risiko. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi perilaku seksual pranikah remaja. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional study yang dilakukan secara purposive pada dua SMK Swasta masing-masing di Kota dan Kabupaten Bogor. Sampel penelitian adalah siswa kelas 10 dan 11 yang pernah atau sedang berpacaran serta memiliki orang tua kandung lengkap sehingga total responden 212 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ditemukan perbedaan signifikan pada kelekatan remaja-orang tua, tekanan teman sebaya, konsep diri, dan perilaku seksual pranikah antara di kota dan kabupaten. Penelitian menunjukkan usia ibu berhubungan positif dengan kelekatan remaja, remaja laki-laki cenderung memiliki kelekatan remaja-orang tua dan tekanan teman sebaya lebih tinggi. Kelekatan remaja-orang tua berpengaruh secara langsung terhadap konsep diri remaja, akan tetapi kelekatan remaja-orang tua tidak berpengaruh terhadap perilaku seksual pranikah. Perilaku seksual pranikah remaja hanya dipengaruhi langsung oleh tekanan teman sebaya., The development of sexuality in adolescents raises a new goal: reproduction (offspring). This often causes adolescents to ignore risks. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence adolescent premarital sexual behavior. It uses a cross-sectional study design conducted purposefully at two private vocational schools in Bogor City and Regency, respectively. The research sample consists of 10th and 11th-grade students who are currently dating, or have been, and have complete biological parents. Therefore, the total number of respondents is 212 students. The results show no significant differences in adolescent-parent attachment, peer pressure, self-concept, and premarital sexual behavior between the city and regency. The study also reveals that maternal age is positively associated with adolescent attachment. It also shows that male adolescents tend to have higher adolescent-parent attachment and peer pressure. Parent-adolescent attachment has a direct effect on adolescent self-concept. However, adolescent-parent attachment has no effect on premarital sexual behavior. Adolescent premarital sexual behavior is only directly influenced by peer pressure.
Keyword: parental attachment, peer pressure, pre-marital sexual behavior, self-concept, vocational students

Judul: Extracellular Expression of thermostable Geobacillus stearothermophilus T1.2RQ Lipase for Biodiesel Production
Abstrak: The extracellular expression of enzymes in an excellent secretion host such as Bacillus subtilis is a useful strategy for making enzymes of industrial significance more affordable by lowering the cost of its downstream processing. Lipases are a category of hydrolases that catalyze the hydrolysis of triglycerides to glycerol and free fatty acids. Also, lipases catalyze the hydrolysis and transesterification of other esters as well as the synthesis of esters. They can perform very specific biotransformation reactions and are widely used in food, organic synthesis, detergents, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Geobacillus stearothermophilus T1.2RQ lipase is an industrially-desired thermostable lipolytic enzyme with an excellent hydrolytic and transesterification activity. This study aimed to express T1.2RQ lipase, in B. subtilis WB800 and ensure its secretion into the extracellular medium. Three signal peptides (AmyQ, Epr, LipA) and two promoters (Pgrac01 and Pgrac100) were used in the secretory-expression of T1.2RQ lipase, based on five constructed expression vectors constructed by restriction cloning and PCR mutagenesis. Sangers sequencing was used to verify constructs to ensure they are in the correct reading frame. Recombinants vectors, pHT43 (plasmid control), pHT43-T1.2RQ, pHT43- T1.2RQ_AmyQ, pHT43-T1.2RQ_Epr, and pHT43-T1.2RQ_LipA, were transformed by electroporation into Bacillus subtilis WB800. The electroporation was successful with the optimum condition of 2500V, 200 ohms, 25µF, and 5milliseconds. Recombinant B. subtilis pHT43 (negative control) and pHT43-T1.2RQlip + signal peptides were streaked on the lipidic agar, LA+TBN. All four recombinants, including the negative control (B. subtilis WB800-pHT43), produced clear zones on the TBN agar plate after overnight incubation (fig 2), indicating the presence of a lipolytic enzyme in all of the recombinant B. subtilis cells. pHT43-T1.2RQlip + signal peptides (AmyQ, Epr, and LipA) have clear zones with significantly higher diameters than B. subtilis WB800-pHT43 (negative control). This phenomenon suggests that the recombinant thermostable lipase T1.2RQ introduced into these cells was successfully expressed, thereby increasing the lipolytic capability of its host cells T1.2RQ lipase was expressed in 50ml terrific broth medium (TB) and the expression induced with 1mM IPTG. Lipase activity assay using p-nitrophenyl esters showed that all three signal peptides directed the secretion of T1.2RQ lipase into the extracellular medium. Signal peptide, LipA, resulted in the highest extracellular activity of 5.6 U/mL, which corresponds to a 6-fold increase over the parent B. subtilis WB800 strain. Meanwhile, signal peptides, AmyQ and Epr produced 4.2 U/mL and 3.4 U/mL activity respectively. SDS-Zymogram analysis confirmed that T1.2RQ lipase was correctly processed and secreted in its original size of 44 kDa. An attempt to further increase lipase expression level by promoter optimization showed that, contrary to expectation, promoter Pgrac100 exhibited similar expression levels as the original Pgrac01. Nevertheless, the demonstration of the successful secretion of T1.2RQ lipase in this work confirms the latter as a promising approach for the industrial production of the enzyme
Keyword: Bacillus subtilis, Expression, Extracellular, Heterologous, Lipase, Thermostable