Judul: Sintesis Polimer Superabsorben Onggok Tapioka-Akrilamida: Pengaruh Konsentrasi Inisiator dan Penaut-Silang
Abstrak: Karbohidrat pada onggok tapioka (OT) dapat dimodifikasi menjadi polimer superabsorben (PSA) dengan cara kopolimerisasi pencangkokan dan penautan-silang. Monomer akrilamida (AM) dicangkokkan ke dalam OT sebagai rantai utama, amonium persulfat (APS) digunakan sebagai inisiator, dan N,N’-metilena-bis-akrilamida (MBA) sebagai penaut-silang di bawah kondisi N2. Dua faktor yang memengaruhi daya serap air dari PSA yang dihasilkan, yaitu konsentrasi APS dan MBA, diamati. Saponifikasi polimer superabsorben onggok tapioka-akrilamida (PSA OT-AM) dilakukan di dalam larutan NaOH. Daya serap air PSA tanpa dan dengan saponifikasi lalu dibandingkan. Daya serap air PSA OT-AM dengan saponifikasi meningkat menjadi 578.23 g/g dari 39.79 g/g pada bobot APS 200 mg dan MBA 25 mg. Spektrum inframerah transformasi Fourier (FTIR) OT yang telah dicangkok dan ditaut-silang memperlihatkan keberhasilan sintesis. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan pergeseran serapan ulur C=O dari 1643 menjadi 1705 cm-1. Spektrum FTIR juga menunjukkan terjadinya perubahan gugus fungsi –CONH2 menjadi –COOH dan –COO− pada produk dengan saponifikasi. Foto mikroskop elektron pemayaran memperlihatkan perubahan morfologi OT modifikasi menjadi lebih kasar, bergelombang, dan terdiri atas banyak lapisan.
Keyword: superabsorbent polymer (SAP), rosslinking copolymerization, ethylene-bis-acrylamide (MBA), NaOH, Water absorption capacity, Carbohydrates, cassava waste pulp (CP)

Judul: Sintesis dan Pencirian Superabsorben Onggok-g-Asam Akrilat
Abstrak: Onggok is a solid waste from tapioca processing. The aim of this study is to modify onggok into superabsorbent polymer. The modification was conducted through grafting and crosslinking of acrylic acid (AA) on onggok backbone, with N,N’-methylene-bis-acrylamide (MBA) as crosslinker, and ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator. The synthesis was conducted at 70 oC for 3 hours and the water absorption capacity of the copolymer products were then measured. A 761.01 g/g value was obtained from copolymer composed of 4.5 g onggok, 25.5 g AA, 24 mg MBA, and 24 mg APS. The occurence of grafting-crosslinking copolymer was confirmed by infrared spectra, which exhibited all characteristic bands of both polysaccharide fractions of onggok and AA units. The absorbency of superabsorbents were measured in solutions having pH ranging from 2 to 11. The maximum value was 630.65 g/g at pH 6.65. The superabsorbent’s absorbency in salt solution was decreased with increasing ionic strength up to 0.342 M concentration of NaCl. The absorbency kinetics of superabsorbents were studied as well and the rate parameter in water was found to be 2.61 minutes for onngok with 60 mesh particle size.
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Judul: Etno-ornitologi Burung Kancilan Flores (Pachycephala nudigula nudigula Hartert 1897) pada Masyarakat Lio di Taman Nasional Kelimutu
Abstrak: Bare-throathed whistler is one of several wild birds in Kelimutu National Park (TNKL) that is believed to have correlation with Lio Community‟s belief. The estimation of Bare-throated whistler‟s population in Kelimutu National Park was about 186.41-1668.07 individual by the density about 0.0389-0.3481 ind/ha with the sex ratio 6.2:1 that spreaded on area with height of 1100 – 1600 masl. The characteristic of Bare-throated whistler‟s habitat is a natural forest with various canopy level, high plant species diversity and high density. The habitat characteristics related to the availability of food in the form of insects, cover, safety and a nesting site. Generally the most of Lio community knew the existence of Bare-throated whistler directly or from their parents‟ stories. The perceptions of Lio Community to the Bare-throated whistler‟s existence is generally support the conservation efforts. The perceptions construct the Lio Community‟s atitude that tend to be conservative to the existence of Bare-throated whistler. The attitude shown by their behavior that not cathing the Bare-throated whistler from the TNKL‟s area or the outside. The attitude have an important role to the existence of Bare-throated whistler in Kelimutu National Park‟s area.
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