Judul: Correlation Between Characteristics and  Nutrition Adequacy Level with Fitness Level of Softball Atheletes in Bogor City
Abstrak: Sofbol merupakan olahraga regu lapangan yang membutuhkan perhatian khusus pada aspek gizi dan kebugaran untuk menunjang prestasi tim. Tujuan umum dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan karakteristik dan tingkat kecukupan gizi terhadap tingkat kebugaran atlet sofbol. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional. Subjek merupakan 23 atlet sofbol Kota Bogor yang mengikuti pengambilan data status gizi, komposisi tubuh, tingkat kebugaran, dan tingkat kecukupan gizi. Hasil penelitian menemukan hubungan signifikan antara uang saku, persentase otot tubuh, dan persentase lemak tubuh dengan tingkat kebugaran atlet. Tidak ditemukan hubungan antara tingkat kecukupan gizi dengan tingkat kebugaran. Perbedaan signifikan ditemukan pada tingkat kebugaran subjek antar jenis kelamin. Sebagian besar atlet mengalami defisiensi zat gizi makro, memiliki daya tahan jantung paru yang kurang baik, dan daya tahan otot yang baik. Pendampingan gizi dan kebugaran diperlukan untuk meningkatkan performa atlet melalui kebugaran yang baik.
Keyword: body composition, muscle endurance, nutrition adequacy, VO2 max

Judul: Hubungan antara karakteristik atlet, tingkat kecukupan gizi, dan status gizi dengan tingkat kebugaran atlet sepakbola di SMA Ragunan Jakarta Selatan
Abstrak: Football game is one of the most popular sport in the world. This game requires the endurance of the heart-lung capacity both to desaibe the activity continuously with a Jong time without experiencing fatigue. One efforl to obtain physical endurance (fitness level) is a good nutrition in accordance with the needs of athletes that can be adequate nutnents to perform activities. Nutnent intake according to the needs of football athletes are able to make an athlete has a normal nutritional status that will have a good level of fitness. This study aims to determine characteristics of athletes, level of nutritional adequacy, nutritional status, and fitness level of football athletes in SMA Ragunan, South Jakarta. The study was conducted in May to June 2009 by using cross-sectional study design. The number of samples is 22 football athletes selected by using purposive sampling. The data obtained were analyzed using Pearson product moment corellation test, Spearman core//ation test, and ANOVA test The results of this study include statistical tests between the characteristics of athletes with fitness level (VO2 max) is there no relationship between the age of football athletes with fitness level (VO2 max) (p> 0.05, r = 0187), ANOVA test results showed there was no real difference between the position of athletes playing football with fitness level (VO2 max) (p> 0.05), and there is no relationship between body fat percentage with fitness level (VO2 max) (p> 0.05, r = 0401). For statistical test between nutritional status with fitness level (VO2 max) is there is no relationship between the nutritional status of fitness level (VO2 max) (p> 0. 05, r = -0275). For statistical test between the level of nutritional adequacy with fitness level (VO2 max) is the relationship between the level of energy sufficiency by fitness level (VO2 max) (p <0.05, r = 0472). Based on the results of this research can be seen that the level of adequacy of energy has an imporlant relationship with a fitness level that is recommended to maintain adequate nutrition (energy) athletes by consuming food sources of energy and protein. In addition, football athletes should increase the consumption of food containing other nutnents and supplement such as calci_um, iron, vitamin A, vitamin C, and vitamin B which has an important role in energy metabolism.
Keyword: Level of adequacy of energy, Fitness level, VO2 max

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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