Judul: Pengaruh Ketebalan dan Orientasi Struktur Biokomposit Sandwich terhadap Sifat Mekanik dan Balistik
Abstrak: Rompi anti peluru berbahan dasar kevlar di Indonesia saat ini adalah 100% impor, hal ini disebabkan oleh bahan dasar penyusunnya, sehingga diperlukan alternatif bahan pengganti, salah satunya adalah melalui penggunaan serat alami pada komposit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh orientasi serta ketebalan biokomposit sandwich yang berupa gabungan antara komposit karet dan komposit epoksi, terhadap sifat mekanik dan balistik, dimana filler serat woven TKKS pada komposit epoksi diperkaya dengan flame retardant aluminium trihidrat (ATH). Pembuatan biokomposit dilakukan menggunakan metode hot press. Uji bakar dan uji mekanik pada serat woven TKKS menunjukan konsentrasi serta sifat tarik terbaik yaitu serat dengan konsentrasi ATH 60 phf. Nilai tensile strength, elongation at break, dan modulus young meningkat dengan adanya penambahan konsentrasi ATH. Uji balistik menunjukan sampel biokomposit terbaik memiliki ketebalan total 2 cm dengan orientasi susunan serat 90 °, dengan kedalaman peluru bersarang pada jarak tembak sampel 25 m dan 50 m berturut-turut adalah 1 dan 0.7 mm.
Keyword: balistik, biokomposit sandwich, TKKS

Judul: Surface Modification and Orientation Effects toward Flexibility Increase and Inertia OPEFB Fibers on Sandwich Biocomposite
Abstrak: Ketersediaan serat TKKS di alam cukup melimpah, dimana sifat TKKS dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pembuatan biokomposit. Biokomposit adalah jenis komposit terdiri dari bahan matriks polimer dan penguat serat alam. Penggabungan material komposit secara berlapis dengan ditambahkan core diantara lapisan dapat menahan beban lentur, impak dan meredam getaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh modifikasi permukaan dan orientasi terhadap kuantitas termal serta fleksibilitas serat, dimana pra-perlakuan delignifikasi dan asetilasi dilakukan untuk menghilangkan kadar lignin serta hemiselulosa, sehingga terjadi modifikasi terhadap permukaan agar memiliki kualitas yang baik dalam penerapannya. TKKS yang diberi perlakuan flame retardant dengan dilapisi CaCO3 atau ATH mampu menahan nyala api hingga mencapai 22.51 ± 9.49 detik. Uji sudut kontak yang dilakukan dengan air menunjukkan serat bersifat hidrofobik pada proses asetilasi dengan nilai sudut 104.08°. Pembuatan biokomposit menggunakan metode hot press dan orientasi berbeda, kemudian dilakukan dengan pengujian sifat mekanik yaitu uji kekerasan, uji impak dan uji tarik., The availability of OPEFB fiber in nature is quite abundant which it can be utilized as a biocomposite. Biocomposite is a type of composite that consist of a polymer matrix material and natural fiber reinforcement. The incorporation of composite materials in layers with the addition of cores between layers can withstand flexural loads, impact and dampen vibrations. This study aims to determine the effect of surface modification and orientation on thermal quantity and fiber flexibility. Delignification and acetylation pre-treatment is necessary to remove lignin and hemicellulose content until becomes modification on the surface to have good quality in its application. OPEFB treated with flame retardant coated with CaCO3 or ATH able to maintain flames up to 22.51 ± 9.49 seconds. The contact angle test carried out with water showed that the fiber was hydrophobic in the acetylation process with an angle value of 104.08°. The manufacture of biocomposites employs the hot press method and different orientations. Afterward, it through the mechanical testing such the hardness test, impact test and tensile test.
Keyword: biocomposite, orientation, OPEFB

Judul: Lejeuneaceae Subfamily Ptychanthoideae (Hepaticae) in  West Java
Abstrak: Subfamily Ptychanthoideae of the family Lejeuneaceae (Hepaticae) in West Java is still poorly known. Publications on this subfamily are out of dated and written in the 19th or early of 20th century. The last taxonomic treatment of Ptychanthoideae of West Java was in 1933, many species names have changed since then. Studies on Ptychanthoideae of West Java are urgently needed. Studies on the Ptychanthoideae were based on the specimens collected from West Java. A total number of 361 of specimens deposited in the Herbarium Bogoriense (BO), Herbarium Biotrop (BIOT), Gottingen Herbarium (GOET) and Bangi Herbarium (UKMB) were examined, those are old and several recent specimens collected in West Java. Recent collections were made from Telaga Warna, Ciater, Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, Cibodas Botanical Garden, Bodogol Education Center and Conservation (Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park), University of Indonesia Campus Depok, including several collections from Banten Province. Twenty four species of Lejeuneaceae subfamily Ptychanthoideae are known from West Java, belonging to 8 genera namely Acrolejeunea (Spruce) Schiffn. (2 species), Archilejeunea (Spruce) Schiffn. (1 species), Lopholejeunea (Spruce) Schiffn. (10 species), Mastigolejeunea (Spruce) Schiffn. (3 species), Ptychanthus Nees (1 species), Schiffneriolejeunea Verd. (1 species), Spruceanthus Verd. (2 species) and Thysananthus Lindenb. (4 species). Two new records of Ptychanthoideae: Mastigolejeunea indica Steph. and Thysananthus minor Verdoorn are reported for Java. A determination key to the species is presented including their descriptions and illustrations.
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