Judul: Prototipe Briket Berbahan Dasar Limbah Kulit Kopi Kering di CV Java Halu Coffee Berkonsep Intiplasma
Abstrak: Bahan bakar alternatif dapat menjadi solusi dari permasalahan krisis bahan bakar minyak bumi. Salah satu bahan bakar alternatif yang berpotensi yaitu briket dari limbah kopi yang semula tidak digunakan dan justru berdampak buruk bagi lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menentukan formulasi briket terbaik SNI 01-6235-2000 serta membuat prototipe briket untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah dari limbah kulit kopi kering. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah desain keteknikan melalui fase eksplorasi, pendefinisian masalah, ideasi, pembuatan prototipe, validasi. Nilai kalor terbaik yaitu 6029,2 kal/g pada formulasi 100% kulit kopi kering dengan konsentrasi perekat 10%. Produksi briket menggunakan konsep intiplasma sebagai bentuk pemberdayaan petani. Hasil produksi briket memberikan keuntungan Rp.317.306/produksi.
Keyword: Fuel, Briquettes, Dried Coffee Skin Waste, Intiplasma.

Judul: Pengujian sifat-sifat briket lumpur serat dari air buangan PT Kertas Bekasi Teguh
Abstrak: Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pemanfaatan limbah pabrik kertas berupa campuran lumpur serat air buangan untuk dijadikan bahan bakar briket sebagai sumber energi alternatif dan mengkombinasikan antara jenis perekat, persentase perekat dan tekanan pengempaan untuk mengetahui karakteristik briket yang terbaik, serta melakukan pengujian sifat fisik, mekanik dan kimianya. Dalam penelitian pembuatan bahan bakar briket, beberapa variabel yang dipergunakan antara lain meliputi jenis perekat (A), persentase perekat (B) dan tekanan pengempaan (C). Jenis perekat yang dipergunakan ada 2 (dua) macam yaitu perekat pati (tapioka) dan perekat molase. Persentase dipergunakan ada dua macam, yaitu 3% dan 5 perekat yang %, sedangkan perlakuan tekanan pengempaan yang diberikan ada tiga taraf, yaitu 4 ton, 6 ton dan 8 ton. Rancangan percobaan yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak sempurna yang terdiri atas tiga faktor, dengan analisa faktorial 2 x 2 x 3 dengan tiga kali ulangan. Menurut Sudjana (1985) model linier yang tepat untuk disain...
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Judul: Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping for Trait in Categorical Scale
Abstrak: Genes or regions on chromosome underlying a quantitative trait are called Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL). Characterizing genes controlling quantitative trait on their position in chromosome and their effect on trait is through a process called QTL mapping. In estimating the QTL position and its effect, QTL mapping basically utilize the association between QTL and DNA markers. However, many important traits are obtained in categorical scale, such as resistance from certain disease. From a theoretical point of view, QTL mapping method assuming continuous trait could not be applied to categorical trait. This research was focusing on the assessment of the performance of Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Regression (REG) approach employed in QTL mapping as well as the performance of Lander and Botstein (LB) and Piepho method in determining critical value in testing the existence of QTL for binary and ordinal trait by means of simulation study. The simulation study to evaluate the performance of ML and REG approach was conducted by taking into account several factors that may affecting the performance of both approaches. The factors are: (1) marker density; (2) QTL effect; (3) sample size; (4) shape of phenotypic distribution; (5) number of categories; and (6) number of QTL. Moreover, the simulation study for evaluating LB and Piepho method in determining critical value was conducted by generating distribution of the test statistic under null hypothesis. From simulation study, it was obtained that LB and Piepho method showing similar performance in determining critical value in testing the existence of QTL for binary and ordinal trait. The simulation study also indicating that both methods could be used in determining critical value in QTL mapping analysis for binary trait as well as for ordinal trait if the REG approach is used but not if ML approach is used due to their poor performance. In assessing the performance of ML and REG approach in QTL mapping analysis for binary trait, the two approaches showing comparable performance; whereas for ordinal trait REG approach showing poor performance compared with ML approach in estimating thresholds. As a result, in QTL mapping analysis, ML and REG approach could be used when dealing with binary trait, whereas ML approach is suggested when dealing with ordinal trait.
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