Judul: Pemanfaatan Cangkang Kemiri Sunan dan Serutan Kayu sebagai Bahan Papan Partikel
Abstrak: Woods are usually used as a raw material of furniture and other wood-based products. Since technology grows rapidly, wood-based products can be made not directly from whole real wood. They can be made from other wood-like processed materials such as hardboard, insulation board, particle board, plywood, and fiberboard. In this research, shell of Aluerites Trisperma Blanco, in Indonesian known as Kemiri Sunan, and wood shaving was used as raw materials of particle board. The objective of this research are (1) to study the effects of difference of material composition to mechanical, physical, and thermal properties of particle board, and (2) to look for the best composition of shell of kemiri sunan and wood shaving. From the research it can be concluded that difference of material composition affects only water content, swelling, modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, and internal bonding of particle board. Density, heat spesific, and conductivity are not affected. The best composition was found to be 25% of shell and 75% of wood shaving. At this composition, board density was 0.78 g/cm3, water content 9.23%, swelling 5.93%, modulus of rupture 77.92 kgf/cm2, modulus of elasticity 8.3x102 kgf/cm2, internal bonding 7.98 kgf/cm2, heat spesific 3.64 kJ/kg.K, and conductivity 0.195 W/m.K.
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Judul: The Utilization of Corn Stalks and Sembilang Bamboo as a Raw Material for Particleboard.
Abstrak: Batang jagung (Zea mays L.) dan bambu sembilang (Dendrocalamus giganteus Munro) merupakan bahan baku berlignoselulosa yang memiliki potensi sebagai bahan baku papan partikel. Papan partikel adalah produk panel yang dihasilkan dengan memanfaatkan partikel kayu atau bahan berlignoselulosa lainnya yang ditambah dengan perekat kemudian dikempa. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh jenis perekat dan komposisi bahan baku terhadap sifat fisis dan mekanis papan partikel dari batang jagung dan bambu sembilang sebagai bahan baku alternatif. Jenis perekat yang digunakan adalah urea formaldehida dan fenol formaldehida dengan kadar perekat 10% dan komposisi batang jagung:bambu sembilang adalah 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, 0:100. Kerapatan target papan partikel adalah 0.8 g/cm3. Pengujian sifat fisis dan mekanis papan partikel mengacu pada standar JIS A 5908:2003. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai kerapatan 0.79-0.84 g/cm3, kadar air 9.43-11.98%, daya serap air 33.37-48.48%, pengembangan tebal 7.85-14.08%, MOE 1347.35-2873.83 N/mm2, MOR 15.28-28.39 N/mm2, IB 0.25- 1.39 N/mm2, dan kuat pegang sekrup 285.43-560.96 N. Secara umum papan partikel dengan perekat fenol formaldehida memiliki sifat fisis dan mekanis dengan kualitas lebih tinggi daripada perekat urea formaldehida. Semakin tinggi penambahan partikel bambu sembilang maka sifat fisis dan mekanis papan partikel memiliki kualitas yang semakin tinggi. Sifat fisis dan mekanis papan partikel dengan kualitas paling tinggi dihasilkan pada komposisi bahan baku 100% bambu sembilang dengan perekat fenol formaldehida.
Keyword: Corn stalks, Particleboard, Phenol formaldehyde, Sembilang Bambu, Urea formaldehyde, Forestry, Modulus of rapture, Ahesive types

Judul: A Continuous Vaccination Strategy in the SVIR Epidemic Model
Abstrak: Vaccination is conducted to minimize the spread of a disease. The vaccination is usually done several times within a fixed time interval. In the SVIR model, it is assumed that individuals do not get immediate immunity following a vaccination program. So according to process of vaccination on SVIR model, there are two strategies, i.e. the continuous vaccination strategy (CVS) and the pulse vaccination strategy (PVS). In this study, only the CVS strategy in epidemic model SVIR is considered. Results of the study indicate that dynamics of the CVS system depends on the basic reproductive number. If the basic reproductive number is less than one, then the disease-free fixed point is asymptotically stable. It means that the disease will eventually disappear from the population. Conversely, if the basic reproductive number is greater than one, then the endemic fixed point is asymptotically stable, which means that the disease will remain exist in the population. Simulation result shows that the vaccination would minimize the spread of disease by reducing the basic reproductive number. If the time for the vaccinated recipients to obtain the immunity, as well as a possibility of vaccinated recipients to be infected are neglected, then the disease will be eradicated. This condition is called an over-evaluating effect of vaccination.
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