Judul: Pertukaran Sosial di Pedesaan : Studi Kasus Komersialisasi Gantangan di Tiga Desa Miskin Subang
Abstrak: Gantangan is a social exchange system that develops from the rural traditional custom in Subang regency, West Java. Through this Gantangan we can see how the general reciprocity in rural societies transformed into balanced reciprocity, social exchange and lead to social commercialization. Gantangan that thrive in this traditional celebration party (pesta hajatan) arena is a phenomenon that reflects the changing values in the rural communities into individualistic and contractual exchange. The study purpose is to analyze the transformation of the pattern of Gantangan in three villages which have different poor sociodemographic characteristics, that is in the coastal area (North Subang), lowlands (Central Subang) and uplands (South Subang). The results of this study found the existence of three patterns of exchange in each community, namely: type A (nyambungan), type B (gintingan), type C (golongan). Commercialization rate realized in several stages, including the commercialization on stage 1 (the commodification of traditional-celebration party) and the commercialization on stage 2 (rent seeking).
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Judul: Deindustrialisasi Pedesaan (Studi Kasus Desa Curug Bintang, Kecamatan Nanggung, Kabupaten Bogor, Propinsi Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini mempergunakan konsep deindustrialisasi yang diartikan oleh peneliti sebagai kebalikan dari proses industrialisasi. Pada proses industrialisasi akan terjadi transformasi dari masyarakat pertanian ke masyarakat industrial dan juga adanya peralihan modal dari kota ke desa. Transformasi yang dimaksud adalah transformasi ekonomi (mata pencaharian utama) terkait dengan pemikiran bahwa sisem ekonomi merupakan cultural fokus suatu masyarakat. Pada proses tersebut masyarakat pertanian yang memiliki mata pencaharian utama bertani akan terpengaruh keberadaan industri sehingga mata pencaharian utama penduduk adalah di bidang industri. Sedangkan proses deindustrialisasi berarti proses yang terjadi akibat pengaruh keberadaan industri dimana transformasi justru dari masyarakat industrial ke masyarakat pertanian. Proses tersebut dapat dilihat dari perubahan mata pencaharian utama penduduk yanng semula di bidang industri berubah menjadi bidang pertanian.
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Judul: Isolasi dan pemurnian bahan aktif dari mikroalga BTM 11 sebagai inhibitor RNA helikase virus hepatitis C
Abstrak: Hepatitis C virus is the cause of hepatitis C disease which has high virulence. Recent therapy using combination of ribavirin and alpha interferon has short efficiency < 80%. Thus, the discovery of new drug is needed. Antiviral drugs can be discovered through molecular target therapy by finding the inhibitor of RNA helicase that play role in viral replication. Inhibitor can be derived from chemical compound produced by microalgae. The aim of this research was to isolate the active compound from microalgae BTM 11 which had inhibitory activity against RNA helicase. Inhibitory activity was measured by releasing of phospate inorganic in colorimetric ATPase assay. Crude extract was fractionated using gel filtration chromatography with methanol in chloroform solvent. The result showed that Fraction 3 has the highest inhibitory activity which (81.205%). Phytochemical test of crude extract indicated positive flavonoids and coumarin. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis with eluent chloroform: methanol gave 2 spots with Rf value of 0.8 and 0.37. Moreover, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed absorption peak with the highest abundance at the retention time of 12.483 minute and 16.617 minute was 266 nm and 230 nm. According to these of phytochemical, TLC, and HPLC, inhibitor compound from BTM 11 belongs to flavonoids.
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