Judul: Analisis Penambatan Molekul Senyawa Aktif Kayu Manis (Cinnamon) pada Enzim MGA untuk Agen Anti-Diabetes
Abstrak: Kasus diabetes melitus terus meningkat setiap tahunnya, terutama diabetes melitus tipe II. Salah satu tanaman yang memiliki aktivitas anti-diabetes adalah kayu manis. Kayu manis memiliki senyawa aktif berupa cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid, ethyl cinnamate dan cinnamyl acetat yang dipercaya berkhasiat untuk mengobati diabetes namun belum diketahui potensi dari masing-masing senyawa tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi potensi senyawa aktif yang terkandung dalam kayu manis sebagai anti-diabetes melalui simulasi penambatan molekul serta mendapatkan model interaksi antara senyawa aktif kayu manis dengan enzim Maltase-Glucoamylase (kode PDB: 3L4W). Ligan kontrol yang digunakan adalah miglitol sedangkan ligan uji yang digunakan adalah senyawa aktif kayu manis. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa senyawa ligan uji yang berpotensi sebagai inhibitor enzim MGA untuk agen anti-diabetes mengikuti miglitol adalah senyawa aktif cinnamic acid. Hal tersebut dikarenakan memiliki energi Gibbs ikatan tebesar bahkan menyaingi energi Gibbs ikatan miglitol, konstanta inhibisi terkecil dan ikatan hidrogen terbanyak dibandingkan ligan uji lainnya.
Keyword: kayu manis, penambatan molekul, Maltase-Glucoamylase, senyawa aktif

Judul: Analisis Penambatan Molekul Senyawa Aktif Pare (Momordica charantia) pada Enzim Maltase Glucoamylase untuk Agen Anti- Diabetes.
Abstrak: Molecular Docking dengan reseptor adalah metode komputasi terkenal yang digunakan untuk memprediksi interaksi antara dua molekul. Senyawa fenolik pare (Momordica charantia) sudah terbukti memiliki khasiat dalam pengobatan diabetes namun belum diketahui potensi dari masing-masing senyawa tersebut. Kontrol yang digunakan untuk bahan pembanding bagi ligan uji yaitu miglitol. Parameter yang di analisis yaitu energi ikat (ΔG), konstanta inhibisi (Ki), dan binding site similarity (BSS). Senyawa fenolik yang diuji adalah glitazone, pioglitazone, voglibose, ferulic acid, gallic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaric, gentisic acid, chlorogenic acid, cianidanol. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan senyawa flavonoid antioksidan cianidanol yang dapat menghambat aktivitas enzim maltase glucoamylase dengan nilai energi ikat sebesar -6.7 kkal mol-1 dibandingkan dengan energi ikat miglitol bernilai -5.4 kkal mol-1. Persentase BSS senyawa cianidanol dibandingkan dengan ligan kontrol miglitol yaitu 94.73% menandakan posisi penambatan yang hampir mirip dan memiliki mekanisme yang serupa seperti pada miglitol. Dapat disimpulkan pula bahwa senyawa flavonoid adalah inhibitor maltase glucoamylase alami.
Keyword: maltase glucoamylase, pare, penambatan molekuler, senyawa fenolik

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite