Judul: Evaluasi Pemberian Berbagai Feed Additive Sebagai Pengganti Antibiotik Growth Promotorterhadap Performa, Luas Permukaan Dan Densitas Villi Ayam Broiler
Abstrak: Feed additive adalah suatu bahan yang dicampurkan kedalam pakan yang dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan maupun keadaan gizi ternak, meskipun bahan tersebut bukan merupakan nutrien. Beberapa jenis feed additive diantaranya probiotik dan asam organik. Probiotik dan asam organik sangat aman digunakan untuk menggantikan antibiotik sebagai growth promotor karena tidak menyebabkan bakteri resisten dan tidak meninggalkan residu. Probiotik mampu menyeimbangkan mikroflora usus dengan melawan dan berkompetisi dengan mikroba patogen, sedangkan asam organik mampu menekan pertumbuhan bakteri patogen melalui kemampuannya menurunkan pH usus sehingga keduanya dapat meningkatkan sistem imun dan performa ayam broiler. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian berbagai feed additiveseperti probiotik (original XPC) dan asam organik (Selacid, Presan dalam ransum dan Selko pH dalam air minum) terhadap performa, luas permukaan dan densitas villi ayam broiler serta potensinya dalam menggantikan antibiotik BMD sebagai growth promotor. Penelitian ini menggunakan 2000 ekor ayam broiler strain Lohman dengan rata-rata bobot badan awal 45.7 gramekor-1. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 20 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan dengan 25 ekor tiap ulangan. Ada 2 kelompok perlakuan: pertama adalah 10 perlakuan pakan tanpa penambahan Selko pH pada air minum dan kedua adalah 10 perlakuan pakan yang sama dengan penambahan Selko pH pada air minum. Perlakuan pakan yang diberikan adalah R0: Ransum kontrol; RA1: R0 + 0.05% BMD; RA1/2X: R0 + 0.025% BMD + 0.07% XPCTM; RA1/2S: R0 + 0.025% BMD + 0.1% Selacid®; RA1/2P: R0 + 0.025% BMD + 0.1% PresanTM; RX: R0 + 0.07% XPCTM; RS: R0 + 0.1% Selacid®; RP: R0 + 0.1% PresanTM; RSX: R0 + 0.1% Selacid® + 0.07% XPCTM; RPX: R0 + 0.1% PresanTM + 0.07% XPCTM.Peubah yang diamati adalah performa (bobot badan akhir, pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi pakan, FCR dan mortalitas), luas permukaan villi dan densitas villi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada periode starter, perlakuan RA1, RA1/2X, RA1/2S, RA1/2 P, RP dan ditambahkan Selko pH dalam air minum nyata (P<0.05) meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan menurunkan konversi ransum dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol. Perlakuan tidak mempengaruhi pertumbuhan, konversi ransum, dan mortalitas dibandingkan dengan pemberian 0.05% antibiotik BMD. Pada periode finisher, perlakuan tidak mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol. Perlakuan tidak mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan konsumsi ransum dibandingkan dengan pemberian 0.05% antibiotik BMD. Perlakuan menurunkan mortalitas kecuali perlakuan RA1/2S dan RA1meningkatkan mortalitas dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Perlakuan tidak mempengaruhi luas permukaan dan densitas villi ayambroiler dibandingkan baik dengan kontrol maupun pemberian 0.05% antibiotik BMD. Kesimpulannya, pada periode starter pemberian 0.1% antibiotik Presan mampu menggantikan antibiotik (BMD 0.05% dalam ransum) dan menghasilkan performa yang baik, sedangkan pada periode finisher, perlakuan tidak mempengaruhi performa luas permukaan dan densitas villi. Perlakuan dapat menggantikan antibiotic BMD sebagai growth promotor.
Keyword: antibiotik, ayam broiler, densitas villi, feed additive, performa

Judul: Efektivitas Pemberian Plantarisin dalam Ransum sebagai Feed Additive terhadap Performa Ayam Broiler
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh penggunaan plantarisin sebagai alternatif Antibiotic Growth Promotor terhadap performa ayam broiler. Ternak yang digunakan adalah ayam broiler jantan strain New Lohmann (MB 202) sebanyak 280 ekor. Penelitian dilakukan selama 5 minggu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 7 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah P0: Ransum Kontrol (ransum tanpa penambahan plantarisin), N1: Ransum Kontrol + Plantarisin Native 0.05%, N2: Ransum Kontrol + Plantarisin Native 0.10%, N3: Ransum Kontrol + Plantarisin Native 0.15%, R1: Ransum Kontrol + Plantarisin Rekombinan 0.05%, R2: Ransum Kontrol + Plantarisin Rekombinan 0.10% dan R3: Ransum Kontrol + Plantarisin Rekombinan 0.15%. Peubah yang diamati ialah konsumsi ransum, bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan, konversi ransum dan mortalitas ayam broiler. Disimpulkan bahwa penambahan plantarisin sebagai feed additive tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap konsumsi ransum, bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi ransum. Mortalitas ayam selama penelitian relatif tinggi, yaitu 10% dari populasi ayam yang dipelihara. Kata kunci: antibiotik, broiler, performa, plantarisin ABSTRACT MUHAMMAD JORDY ANDRIAN PAHLEVI. Effectiveness of Plantaricin Addition as Feed Additive in the Diet on Performance of Broiler Chicken. Supervised RITA MUTIA and WIDYA HERMANA. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of plantaricin as an alternative to the use of Antibiotic Growth Promotor in feed to the performance of broiler chickens. This study used 280 male New Lohmann (MB 202) broiler chickens with completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 7 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were P0: Control (ration without addition of Plantaricin), N1: P0 + Plantaricin Native 0.05%, N2: P0 + Plantaricin Native 0.10%, N3: P0 + Plantaricin Native 0.15%, R1: P0 + Plantaricin Rekombinan 0.05%, R2: P0 + Plantaricin Rekombinan 0.10% and R3: P0 + Plantaricin Rekombinan 0.15%. The variables observed were feed consumption, body weight, body weight gain, feed conversion and broiler mortality. It concluded that the addition of plantaricin as a feed additive did not influence feed consumption, body weight, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. Chicken mortality during the research was relatively high, ie 10% of the chicken population was maintained.
Keyword: antibiotics, broiler, performance, plantaricin

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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