Judul: Ekologi merak hijau jawa (pavo muticus muticus) linnaeus 1758 pada beberapa tipe habitat di Ujung Timur Penyebarannya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
Abstrak: The javan green peafowl status is protected bird in Indonesia base on SK Mentan No 66/Kpts/Um/2/1973 and Republic of Indonesia Regulation Law No 7 year 1999. According to ICBP (The International Council for Bird Preservation) has stated that the green peafowl as globally threatened bird in both population and their habitat. Meanwhile CITES has recorded at Appendix II and International of BirdLife (2007) has categorized as endangered bird Pressure to the population and habitat of javan green peafowl is quite big, so the populations have small size at every local site on their local distribution, habitat became fragmented event isolated. Pressure to population is caused by the poaching. But fact showed that javan green peafowl still exist in wild, so the phenomenon gave illustration that the bird have ecological strategy to adapt with the pressure at several habitat type. Ecology of the javan green peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus) Linnaeus 1758 at several habitat types eastern tip of their distribution in Alas Purwo and Baluran national park is the topic to analysis and synthesis of the ecological strategy adaptation at case several habitat types in both national park which the eastern tip of the javan green peafowl distribution. Observation of the javan green peafowl ecology at several habitat types eastern tip of their distribution conducted in three year (year 2006, 2007 and 2008) but intensively 10 month in Baluran national park (BNP) and Alas Purwo national park (APNP) The observation focused at several habitat types at savanna, monsoon forest and evergreen forest also beach forest of Bekol resort BNP and beach forest, grazing area, intercropping teak plantation forest and teak plantation forest Rowobendo resort APNP. The observation has been done at main plot with size 3 km X 4 km in resort Bekol BNP and in resort Rowobendo APNP. Observation of population and habitat of the javan green peafowl was focused at those habitat types. The javan green peafowl population was observed by call count transect method and concentration count and was analyzed on demographic population parameter such as number individual male and female bird, sex ratio, age structure, natality, mortality, survival and population growth at several habitat types. The javan green peafowl habitats were observed and analyzed the characteristic of feeding site and food species, drinking site, sunning and preening place, sheltering and resting site, covering site, roosting site, dancing place and nesting site at several habitat types. Besides that analysis, determinant habitat factors were analyzed by principle component analysis and habitat ideal for the javan green peafowl. Behavior ecology which has been observed and analyzed was the activities, mechanism and strategy of the javan green peafowl in group on feeding, drinking, sunning, sheltering and resting, covering, dusting, dancing, mating, fighting and calling behavior ecology in relation to the habitat types. The result showed that population size of the javan green peafowl at every habitat type in Baluran and Alas Purwo national park is small 24 – 44 individual. The biggest population abundance of the javan green peafowl at Baluran is at savanna habitat type, but in Alas Purwo more concentrated at
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Judul: Ekologi merak hijau jawa (Pavo muticus muticus) Linnaeus 1758 pada beberapa tipe habitat di Ujung Timur Penyebarannya Jawa Timur, Indonesia
Abstrak: Merak hijau jawa merupakan salah satu jenis burung yang dilindungi.di Indonesia berdasarkan SK Mentan No 66/Kpts/Um/2/1973 dan Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia No 7 tahun 1999. Menurut ICBP (The International Council for Bird Preservation) merak hijau sebagai jenis burung yang tergolong terancam secara keseluruhan (globally threatened) baik populasi maupun habitatnya, sedangkan CITES mencantumkan merak hijau ke dalam Appendix II, merak hijau dari alam tidak bisa langsung diperdagangkan dan BirdLife International (2007) memasukkan golongan burung yang endangered. Tekanan terhadap populasi dan habitat merak hijau jawa sangat besar, sehingga kondisi populasinya menurun pada setiap penyebaran lokalnya, habitatnya terfragmentasi bahkan terisolasi. Tekanan terhadap populasi terutama karena perburuan liar. Namun demikian fakta menunjukan bahwa merak hijau jawa masih ada (exist), hal ini memberikan gambaran bahwa burung ini tentunya memiliki strategi ekologi tertentu untuk tetap bertahan hidup di alam pada berbagai tipe habitat.
Keyword: Pavo muticus muticus, Call count transect method, Pavo cristatus, Pavo muticus, Pavo muticus spicifer, Pavo muticus imperator, Pavo muticus muticus, Javan Green Peafowl, East Java

Judul: Aproksimasi Fungsi Sinus dan Kosinus sebagai Kombinasi Linear dari Fungsi Eksponensial
Abstrak: Salah satu gagasan yang menarik dalam matematika adalah aproksimasi suatu fungsi oleh fungsi lain. Sebagai contoh, fungsi polinom dapat diaproksimasi menggunakan deret Taylor atau fungsi persamaan diferensial dapat diaproksimasi menggunakan deret Fourier. Adapun fungsi yang dapat mengaproksimasi fungsi lain salah satunya adalah fungsi eksponensial. Kemungkinan mengaproksimasi fungsi dengan kombinasi linear dari fungsi eksponensial dari bentuk eˣ, e²ˣ, ... dianggap sebagai perkembangan sejajar dengan gagasan Deret Taylor yang mengaproksimasi fungsi dengan kombinasi linear dari segi fungsi kuadrat. Fungsi sin x dan cos x digunakan sebagai target untuk menilai seberapa baik aproksimasi yang dilakukan oleh fungsi yang diberikan. Aproksimasi fungsi sinus dan kosinus menggunakan hampiran Taylor lebih akurat dibandingkan dengan aproksimasi menggunakan fungsi eksponensial.
Keyword: Aprosimaksi eksponensial, aproksimasi fungsi, aprosimaksi Taylor, fungsi eksponensial