Judul: Evaluation of GMP Implementation and  Opportunities for Cross Contamination Packing Area in Chicken Sausage  Production at PT XYZ
Abstrak: Sistem keamanan pangan menjadi hal yang harus diperhatikan untuk menghasilkan produk yang aman dan bermutu. PT XYZ merupakan salah satu industri sosis ayam yang telah mengimplementasikan GMP namun perlu dilakukan evaluasi. Proses packing memiliki peluang cemaran mikroba yang lebih tinggi sehingga perlu kaji ulang berupa evaluasi sanitasi alat maupun mesin, higiene karyawan, dan juga lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi penerapan GMP di PT XYZ dan peluang cross contamination sehingga didapatkan saran perbaikan sesuai standar aturan. Evaluasi penerapan GMP dilakukan dengan beberapa tahap yaitu pengumpulan data, analisis data, dan saran perbaikan. Evaluasi peluang cross contamination area packing dilakukan dengan beberapa tahap yaitu evaluasi sumber-sumber cross contamination, evaluasi efektivitas sanitasi, dan saran perbaikan. Hasil evaluasi penerapan GMP di PT XYZ menunjukkan tingkat penerapan GMP sebesar 81,76% dan termasuk dalam kategori penerapan GMP level III. Temuan teridentifikasi terdiri dari 2 temuan minor, 23 temuan mayor dan 6 temuan kritis berdasarkan checklist perdirjen. Perlu perbaikan lebih lanjut agar meningkatkan level penerapan dan keamanan serta standar kualitas produk. Evaluasi peluang cross contamination area packing menunjukkan salah satu sumber kontaminasi yaitu sanitasi dan higiene yang yang masih kurang baik dan tidak konsisten sehingga perlu perbaikan dan pengendalian dengan ketat proses sanitasi untuk menurunkan peluang cross contamination di area packing., The food safety system is something that must be considered to produce the safe and quality products. PT XYZ is one of the chicken sausage industries that has implemented GMP but needs to be evaluated. The packing process has a higher chance of microbial contamination, so it needs to be reviewed in the form of an evaluation of the sanitation of tools and machines, employee hygiene, and the environment. This study aims to evaluate the application of GMP at PT XYZ and the opportunities of cross contamination so that suggestions for improvement are obtained according to regulatory standards. Evaluation of the implementation of GMP is carried out in several stages, that is data collection, data analysis, and suggestions for improvement. Evaluation of cross contamination in the area packing opportunities is carried out in several stages, that is evaluation of sources of cross contamination, evaluation of sanitation effectiveness, and suggestions for improvement. The results of the evaluation of the implementation of GMP in PT XYZ showed that GMP implementation level of 81,76% and belonged to the category of level III implementation. The identified findings consisted of 2 minor findings, 23 major findings, and 6 critis findings with perdirjen checklist. Further improvements are needed to improve the level of application and safety as well as product quality standards. Evaluation of cross contamination opportunities in the packing area showed that one source of contamination, sanitation and hygiene, is still not good and not consistent, so it is necessary to improve and strictly control the sanitation process to reduce cross contamination opportunities in the packing area.
Keyword: GMP, food safety, sanitation, chicken sausage

Judul: Evaluasi Penerapan GMP dan Peluang Cross Contamination Area Packing pada Produksi Mi Instan di PT XYZ.
Abstrak: PT XYZ is a ready-to-eat food industry that produces instant noodles. Quality assurance and food safety are essential aspects for businesses to compete effectively. PT XYZ implements the Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) system to ensure product safety. The implementation of the GMP system is evaluated based on checklists from the Directorate General of Agro Industry Regulation No. 30/IA/Per/12/2011 on Technical Guidelines for the Assessment of the Application of Good Processed Food Production and the Indonesian National Agency of Drug and Food Control (BPOM) Regulation No. 22 of 2021 on Good Processed Food Processing Methods (CPPOB). Based on the checklist of Directorate General of Agro Industry Regulation No. 30/IA/Per/12/2011, PT XYZ is rated at Level I. Level I indicates that the number of deviations found in the minor category is between 0- 6, major deviations are 0-5, and critical deviations are 0. One minor finding from the Directorate General of Agro Industry checklist is the slippery condition of the floor surface. This finding does not affect the quality of the final product but should be considered for the safety of employees and is thus categorized as minor. On the other hand, based on the BPOM Regulation No. 22 of 2021 checklist, PT XYZ is rated at Level A (excellent). Level A indicates that the number of deviations found in the minor category is between 0-6, major deviations are 0-5, critical deviations are 0, and there are no serious deviations. The sanitation and hygiene in the area where complementary seasonings are packed, both on the packaging and among workers, have been done well and effectively, as evidenced by the Total Plate Count test results which are below the company's internal standards. However, sanitation regarding the air in the packing area needs to be improved to maintain product quality and safety. The use of automatic air sanitation equipment can be implemented or used in the complementary seasoning packing area.
Keyword: GMP, food safety, instant noodles, sanitation

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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