Judul: Preferensi Pakan Imago Aulacophora indica (Gmelin) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) terhadap Empat Jenis Tanaman Cucurbitaceae.
Abstrak: Aulacophora indica (Gmelin) is an important beetle attacking on Cucurbitaceae plants. Damage to plants is strongly influenced by the food selection and consumption patterns on leaves. This study aims to examine the feeding preferences of adult A. indica on four types of Cucurbitaceae host plants, namely cucumber (Cucumis sativus), pariah (Momordica charantia), squash (Luffa acutangula), and chayote (Sechium edule); to observe beetles grouping on four types of plants above; to evaluate the behavior of feeding, the concumption capability on preferred food, and the perching behavior during feeding; to count the time and duration of beetles copulation, the timing of oviposition and the number of eggs laid. The food treatments were given to paired adults, separate females, and males beetles in situ. The areal leaf damage was measured everyday. The preference test was conducted for 5 days, while the feeding behavior was observed until 7 weeks after treatments. Results of this experiment showed that the beetles chose a cucumber as a host plant. Area of cucumber leaf consumption by the beetles was 1608.00 mm2 and 2732.40 mm2 inside and outside the laboratory room, respectively. Beetles tended to be more colonized on the upper rather than the lower surfaces of cucumber leaf were 83.53% and 77.03%, respectively. Total consumption of paired A. indica, females and males on cucumber leaves ranged 154.44 to 309.86 mm2/day, 33.27 to 70.50 mm2/day and 27.76 to 46.16 mm2/day. The copulation time of A. indica was occurred between 06:00 am to 05:30 pm. The copulation period spent was 46.00 to 118.54 minutes/day. The females prefered laying eggs in a midday, mostly between 09.30 am to 02.25 pm. Each female laid 51 to 64 eggs/day. The beetles A. indica prefered a cucumber as a host plant and fed optimally on cucumber leaf and could successfully produced eggs during experiment.
Keyword: 

Judul: Host acceptance and food efficiency by Epilachna vigintioctopunctata on several host plants
Abstrak: Epilachna vigintioctopunctata (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is commonly known as hadda beetle. This insect is a phytophagous and causes a serious pest and built a tremendous damage to solanaceaeous crops. The suitability of a certain host plant could affect on feeding activity and digestibility of food that support insect growth and development. Recently, food acceptance and suitability on several varieties of host plants by E. vigintioctopunctata has not been reported in Indonesia. The objective of this research was to investigate the host acceptance and food efficiency by E. vigintioctopunctata on several host plants. Both larvae and adults bite on six species of leaves Solanum melongena, S. tuberosum, Lycopersicon esculentum, Physalis angulata, Cucumis sativus, and Cucurbita pepo. The larvae and adult beetles mostly fed on S. melongena with the areal leaf consumed 6.75 and 1.771 cm2/insect/day, followed by L. esculentum, 4.416 and 1.35 cm2/insect/day. The average rate of consumption on L. esculentum by early 4th instar larvae was 1.5 x 105 μg/insect/day higher than S. melongena was 1.0 x 105 μg/insect/day. On the other hand, the average growth rate and efficiency of conversion of digested food were 3723.7 μg/insect/day and 43.17% higher than in S. melongena than L. esculentum were 2984.8 μg/insect/day and 19.94% respectively. This beetle has low consumption but high efficiency of utilization food on S. melongena.
Keyword: 

Judul: Peranan Pesantren dalam Pembangunan Pedesaan
Abstrak: Pesantren (pondok atau pondok pesantren) adalah suatu lembaga pendidikan keagamaan Islam yang pada umumnya tumbuh di kalangan masyarakat pedesaan. Pertumbuhannya merupakan hasil refleksi pimpinan pesantren dan masyarakat terhadap kebutuhan masyarakat sekitar. Disamping sebagai lembaga pendidikan keagamaan, diharapkan pesantren dapat berperan sebagai lembaga sosial kemasyarakatan yang dapat membantu pemerintah dalam menyebar luaskan inovasi pembangunan kepada masyarakat, dan menggerakkan masyarakat agar berperan serta dalam pembangunan.
Keyword: