Judul: Pengaruh Intensitas Cahaya Matahari Terhadap Pertumbuhan Jenis Shorea parvifolia dan Shorea leprosula dalam Sistem TPTI Intensif (Studi Kasus di Areal IUPHHK-HA PT. Sarpatim, Kalimantan Tengah)
Abstrak: Silvicultural system of Intensive Indonesian Selective Cutting and Planting (TPTI) comprises the techniques of regeneration, tending and harvesting of a stand or forest for producing certain products, and is designed to create sustainable management of natural production forest. In relation with that, there is a need for research on the effect of light intensity on the growth of Shorea parvifolia and Shorea leprosula species (meranti), to obtain information on light intensity where the growth of meranti is maximum. Such information could be used as the basis of consideration in the action of environmental manipulation on intensity of lights which enter the forest floor, to increase the growth of the two species of tree for achieving high productivity. The research was conducted in operational planting strip in block of PUP (Permanent Measurement Plot) of RKT (Annual Working Plan) 2005 and 2006, with 4 plots, and in each plot there were 3 planting strips comprising 120 strip plants. Plot size was 100 m X 100 m. The collected primary data were among other things total height of plants, plant diameter, wet bulb and dry bulb air temperature, humidity, light intensity in the planting strip and health condition of the trees. The collected secondary data were among other things site map, general condition of the research site (which comprised site geographic position, climate, rainfall, soil type, topography), and data of the tree diameter and height of the previous years. Diameter growth of Shorea parvifolia in plot which was rather steep of strip 2 possesed the greatest increment (1.59 cm / year) which differed significantly at 5 % level, and was affected by sunlight intensity as much as 6.85 %. On the other hand, diameter growth in level plot of strip 2 possessed the largest increment of 2.91 cm / year which differed significantly at 5 % level and was affected by sunlight intensity of 16.6 %. It could be shown that the diameter growth of Shorea leprosula was greater than that of Shorea parvifolia. The largest increment of diameter and height of S. parvifolia were respectively 1.59 cm / year and 140.88 cm / year. The largest increment of diameter and height of S. parvifolia were respectively 1.50 cm /year and 247.05 cm / year. The largest increment of diameter and height of S. leprosula were respectively 2.91 cm /year and 217.58 cm / year. The largest increment of diameter and height of S. leprosula were respectively 2.95 cm /year and 289.35 cm / year. During observation of S. parvifolia and S. leprosula growth, there were diameter increments as affected by IC sunlight exposure as large as 1.59 cm / year with IC exposure of 397.07 foot candle; and 2.91 cm / year with IC exposure 278.2 foot candle.
Keyword: 

Judul: Keadaan Tegakan dan Petumbuhan Shorea spp. pada Areal Bekas Tebangan dengan Teknik Silvikultur Tebang Pilih Tanam Indonesia Intensif (Di Areal IUPHHK PT.Erna Djuliawati)
Abstrak: INTRODUCTION. Some introduced and implemented sylviculture systems in Indonesia are Clear Cutting with Natural Regeneration (THPA), Clear Cutting with Artificial Regeneration (THPB), Selective Cutting of Indonesia (TPI), Indonesia Selective Cutting with Planting (TPTI), Selective Cutting with Strip Planting (TPTJ), and The Intensive Indonesian Planting and Selective Cutting (TPTII). This research wants to know the effects of land slope level to Shorea spp. regeneration using The Intensive Indonesian Planting and Selective Cutting (TPTII) sylviculture technical, in view of both natural and artificial regeneration is very important to the forest stand sustainability on the next growth period. So, this research gives some informations to the company, on what slope level Shorea spp. can adapt and grow optimally. MATERIAL AND METHODS. This research was conducted on three different forest condition, i.e. primary forest, first year LOA TPTII (Et+1 forest), and second year LOA TPTII (Et+2 forest). This research used line transect sampling by 100 m x 100 m. In that plot, there are sub-plots, subplot of tree by 25 m x 20 m (22 m x 20 m after stripping), sub-plot of pole by 10 m x 10 m, subplot of sapling by 5 m x 5 m and sub-plot of seedling by 2 m x 2 m. Soil analyzed at Soil Fertilization and Chemical Laboratory, Soil Departement, Faculty of Agriculture IPB. Research equipments were map, phiband, haga hypsometer, brunton compass, pole, tally sheet, ropes, vegetation book, chopping knife, stationery, ring sample and paint. On those three different forests, the research was also conducted vegetation analysis, picking out of soil sample, mesuring height and diameter of seedling at the planting strip. And then regression analysis was conducted to know the relationship between plant growth and land slope. RESULT AND DISCUSSION. The result shows that in primary forest, the highest number of species was on middle slope level (15-25%), in the amount of 51 on tree rate. In first year LOA TPTII (Et+1 forest), the highest number of species was on steep slope level (>25%) in the amount of 62 on tree rate and in second year LOA TPTII (Et+2 forest), the highest number of species was on steep slope level (>25%), in the amount of 61 on sapling rate. Coefficients of the similar community that has a high average value of the similar community (>50%), on the flat slope level (0-15%) there were first year LOA TPTII (Et+1 forest) and second year LOA TPTII (Et+2 forest). On steep slope level (>25%), there were primary forest and first year LOA TPTII (Et+1 forest). At the same time, all communities on middle slope level (15-25%), has similarity value under 50%. The diversity of species in both primary forest and LOA TPTII shows that the value is more that 2.00. It means that the diversity in primary forest first year LOA TPTII (Et+1 forest), and second year LOA TPTII (Et+2 forest) was classified at middle to high. According to the data of regression analysis, both diameter and height of first year plant, the probability value of Shorea spp. diameter is 0.357 and the probability value of Shorea spp.
Keyword: 

Judul: Grup dan Homomorfisma Grup pada Rubik Revenge
Abstrak: Rubik cube is a kind of puzzle game. A player must arrange rubik sides, which have been disordered, back to the position where every side has the same colour. This paper does not focus on the settlement solution, but instead on proving the existence of a group homomorphism between rubik movement group and S96 symmetric permutation group in rubik revenge. Firstly, it has been proved that rubik movement set is a group. Then, it also has been proved that the M set, which contains numeric labels of 1 until 96 in cubinos sides, is S96 symmetric permutation group.
Keyword: