Judul: Kajian Pustaka tentang Adsorpsi Zat Warna Hijau Malasit dalam Limbah Cair.
Abstrak: Pertumbuhan industri tekstil yang semakin meningkat menyebabkan banyak limbah cair yang terbuang ke lingkungan termasuk limbah zat warna. Salah satu limbah yang berbahaya adalah zat warna hijau malasit karena bersifat karsinogenik. Cara yang paling banyak digunakan untuk menanggulangi cemaran zat warna adalah menggunakan proses adsorpsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan adsorben dengan kapasitas adsorpsi yang baik dalam menjerap hijau malasit. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penyusunan tugas akhir ini adalah menggunakan kajian pustaka. Dari beberapa jenis adsorben yang dikaji, karbon aktif yang dibuat dari limbah kulit jeruk memiliki kapasitas adsorpsi terbesar, yaitu sebesar 483 mg/g.
Keyword: adsorpsi, hijau malasit, isoterm adsorpsi, limbah kulit jeruk

Judul: Studi Literatur Proses Pembuatan Batik Tulis dan Pengolahan Limbah Batik dengan Metode Adsorpsi
Abstrak: Batik merupakan warisan budaya Indonesia dan salah satu Karya Agung Warisan Budaya Lisan dan Non-bendawi Manusia oleh UNESCO. Industri batik di Indonesia berperan dalam penyerapan tenaga kerja dan memiliki nilai ekspor tinggi. Akan tetapi dalam memproduksi batik masih menimbulkan dampak negatif berupa limbah. Kajian pustaka ini bertujuan mengetahui proses pembuatan batik tulis, alatalat serta bahan-bahan yang digunakan, dampak bahaya limbah batik tulis dan cara untuk mengurangi cemaran limbah batik tulis. Hasil kajian dapat diketahui limbah batik terbagi menjadi dua yaitu limbah cair dari pewarna dan limbah padat dari lilin batik. Penggunaan metode adsorpsi pewarna dengan berbagai macam adsorben merupakan upaya dalam mengurangi dampak bahaya limbah cair pewarna. Adsorben arang aktif tempurung kelapa sawit dan arang aktif serbuk gergaji kayu digunakan untuk adsorpsi limbah pewarna naftol. Kapasitas adsorpsi dari kedua adsorben tersebut berturut-turut sebesar 83,3 mg/g dan 111,1 mg/g. Adsorben ampas singkong dan arang aktif sekam kulit kopi digunakan untuk adsorpsi limbah pewarna remazol. Kapasitas adsorpsi dari kedua adsorben tersebut berturut-turut sebesar 97,88 mg/g dan 76,57 mg/g. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan adsorpsi pewarna naftol dan remazol dapat dilakukan dengan keempat adsorben tersebut., Batik is an Indonesian cultural heritage and one of UNESCO's Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The batik industry in Indonesia plays a role in absorbing labor and has a high export value. In producing batik still has a negative impact in the form of waste. This research aims to determine the process of making written batik, the tools and materials used, the harmful effects of written batik waste, and ways to reduce the contamination of written batik waste. The results of the study show that batik waste is divided into two, namely liquid waste from dyes and solid waste from batik wax. The use of the dye adsorption method with various kinds of adsorbents is an effort to reduce the harmful impact of dye liquid waste. Oil palm shell activated charcoal and sawdust activated charcoal were used for adsorption of naphthol dye waste. The adsorption capacity of the two adsorbents was 83.3 mg/g and 111.1 mg/g, respectively. The adsorbent of cassava pulp and activated charcoal of coffee husk was used for adsorption of remazol dye waste. The adsorption capacity of the two adsorbents was 97.88 mg/g and 76.57 mg/g, respectively. The result of the study shows that the adsorption of naphthol and remazol dyes can be done with these four adsorbents.
Keyword: adsorpsi, batik, naftol, remazol

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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