Judul: Harvest and Post-Harvest Handling of Rose (Rosa hybrid L.) as Cut Flower at Paul van der Hulst Rozenkwekerij BV, Limburg, The Netherlands
Abstrak: Rose has a beautiful appearance and distinctive fragrant aroma. Rose is called the queen of flower. Rose can be used as a cut flower, garden flower, rose petals, and as cosmetic ingredient. Rose plants have many functions including food and beverage ingredients, fragrance, traditional equipment, religious ceremonies, and for indoor decoration. The problem which is often experienced in cut flower especially rose is very short of flower vase life. The efforts that can be done to increase flower production both in quality and quantity are to learn how to handle harvest and post-harvest rose properly and correctly. This internship aims to learn about harvest and post-harvest handling of rose in the Netherlands. The data that had been collected was analyzed quantitatively and descriptively. The data was taken of two varieties, namely Jumilia and Karenza The data that had been collected was analyzed quantitatively and descriptively. The primary and secondary quantitative (numeric) data was analyzed by quantitative analysis using the mean and standard error with Microsoft Office Excel 2013 and t-student test at 5% level with Minitab 16.2.1. The qualitative data was analyzed by using descriptive analysis. The criteria for roses that ready to be harvested are the center of the flower is already slightly open and the petals are little blooms. The techniques to cut rose that ready to be harvested are by cutting the stem and leaving 1-2 cm from node of the plant that are ready to be harvested, and from the first to the third harvest is done by leaving 3 to 4 nodes to increase productivity. Roses vase life in Paul van der Hulst Rozenkwekerij BV were determined by knowing the best time to harvest roses and how to store roses in the cold storage room. The vase life of roses is affected by the cultivar. Jumilia cultivar has a bigger flower and stem length size than Karenza cultivar. The vase life of Jumilia cultivar is longer than Karenza cultivar.
Keyword: criteria, cultivar, Jumilia, Karenza, production

Judul: Genetic analysis towards single crossed rose (rosa hybrida l.)
Abstrak: The information of genetic variability, heritability, genetic correlation among characters, path analysis, indices selection and genetic distance among parental are very important in rose breeding program. The use of selection indices based on measurement of several characters is more effective and useful in selecting superior rose genotypes which meet the established standard quality. The general aims of this study are to develop single crossed roses (Rosa hybrida L.) hybrids and choose good parent candidates to create double cross hybrids based on genetic distances. The specific aims of this study are to get information about variability, heritability, correlation among the characters being observed, path analysis and to use selection indices based on quality characters of rose for obtaining qualified cultivars and to estimate genetic distances based on phenotypic performances. The genotypes were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications and sub-sampling. Observations were made on fourteen quantitative characters and fifteen qualitative characters related to quality were being analyzed by using cluster analysis of Ntsys 2.02 software. The results of the study showed that the characters length of stalk, number of leaves, number of nodes, number of petals, number of large thorn, and days to harvesting were large genetic variability and high broad sense heritability. A real positive correlation occurred between length of stalk with number of leaves, number of nodes, neck length, number of large thorn and number of flower per plant, while days to harvesting have negative correlation. Flower bud diameter had a real positive correlation with vase life and number of petals, while the real negative correlation with bloomed flower diameter. Vase life had a real correlation with flower bud diameter, stalk diameter, number of leaves , number of nodes and number of flower per plant, while the real negative correlation with neck length. Bloomed flower diameter had a real positive correlation with flower bud diameter, number of petal and number of petals, while the real negative correlation with number of small thorn. Number of flower per plant had a real correlation with length of stalk, bloomed flower diameter, length of nodes, neck length and vase life, while the real negative correlation with days to harvesting. Number of nodes and number of flower per plant had positive direct effects on length of stalk, while neck length and number of leaves had negative direct effect. Number of petals has positive direct effect to flower bud diameter. Flower bud diameter, stalk diameter and number of leaves had positive direct effects on vase life, while number of nodes has negative direct effect. Flower bud diameter, number of petals and number of flower per plant had positive direct effects on bloomed flower diameter. Length of stalk, bloomed flower diameter, length of nodes and neck length had positive direct effects on number of flower per plant. Based on the brightness of flower colors, genotypes 97.100-36, 95.077-01, 97.100-31, 97.105-80 and 97.167-01 were selected. Indices selection based on economic value selected genotypes 97.105-80, 97.174-01, 97.029-82, 95.077-01 vi and 97.106-42. Based on heritability, selected genotypes 97.105-80, 97.174-01, 97.029-82, 95.077-01 and 95.090-04, while based on direct effect
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Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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