Judul: Quail Blood Glucose Levels in Starter, Grower and Layer Phases
Abstrak: Puyuh merupakan salah satu unggas yang dapat menghasilkan telur dan daging yang berperan sebagai sumber protein hewani di Indonesia. Puyuh memiliki tiga fase pemeliharaan yang kemungkinan membutuhkan jumlah karbohidrat yang berbeda yang dibutuhkan dalam proses pertumbuhan. Glukosa merupakan salah satu senyawa karbohidrat yang berperan sebagai sumber energi utama dalam proses metabolisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kadar glukosa darah burung puyuh (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) pada fase starter, grower, dan layer. Penelitian ini menggunakan puyuh sebanya 30 ekor puyuh yang terdiri dari 10 ekor puyuh pada fase starter (umur 18 hari), 10 ekor pada fase grower (umur 25 hari), dan 10 ekor pada fase layer (umur 330 hari). Pengukuran kadar glukosa darah menggunakan glukometer (EasyTouch® GCU) dengan pengambilan darah melalui vena brachialis. Rata-rata hasil pengukuran masing-masing pada fase starter, grower, dan layer yaitu 282,30; 266,40; dan 257,60 mg/dL dengan rata-rata bobot badan secara berurutan 70; 103.50; dan 213,20. Analisis statistik menunjukkan hasil bahwa tidak ada pengaruh fase pemeliharaan dengan kadar glukosa darah puyuh. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat berguna bagi peternak maupun praktisi dalam mengetahui kondisi fisiologi puyuh (kadar glukosa darah) pada setiap fase pertumbuhan puyuh., Quail is one of the poultry that produces eggs and meat. This Product is a source of animal protein in Indonesia. Quail has three phases of rearing which may require different amounts of carbohydrates needed in the growth process. Glucose is a carbohydrate compound that acts as the main energy source in metabolic processes. This study aims to determine the blood glucose levels of quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) in the starter, grower and layer phases. This study used 30 female quails consisting of 10 quail in each phase with age of starter phase, grower phase and the layer phase 18, 25 and 330 days respectively. Measurement of blood glucose levels using a glucometer (EasyTouch® GCU) by taking blood through the brachial vein. The average results of each measurement in the starter, grower, and layer phases are 282.30; 266.40; and 257.60 mg/dL with an average body weight of 70;103.50; and 213.20. Statistical analysis showed that there was no effect of the rearing phase on quail blood glucose levels. The results of this study are expected to be useful for both farmers and veterinary clinicians in understanding the physiological condition of quail (blood glucose level) in each phase of quail growth.
Keyword: bobot badan, glukosa darah, puyuh, umur, age, blood glucose, body weight, quail

Judul: Jumlah BDM (Butir Darah Merah), Hemoglobin dan Hematokrit Burung Puyuh pada Fase Starter, Grower, dan Layer
Abstrak: Burung puyuh merupakan salah satu sumber diversifikasi produk daging dan telur. Tahap pertumbuhan pada masa pemeliharaan burung puyuh sebagai unggas petelur terdiri dari fase starter, fase grower, dan fase layer. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui dan mempelajari profil butir darah merah berupa jumlah eritrosit, kadar hemoglobin dan nilai hematokrit pada pertumbuhan burung puyuh starter, grower, dan layer. Sebanyak 30 ekor burung puyuh terdiri dari 10 ekor masing-masing fase diambil darahnya melalui vena brachialis untuk dianalisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah butir darah merah pada fase starter, grower, layer berturut- turut yaitu 4,73 x 106/mm3, 3,91 x 106/mm3, 3,89 x 106/mm3. Kadar hemoglobin pada fase starter, grower, layer yaitu 9,86 g/dL, 9,42 g/dL, 11,88 g/dL. Nilai hematokrit pada fase starter, grower, layer, yaitu 29,55 %,33,00 %, dan 30,45 %. Hasil ini menunjukkan nilai yang fluktuatif dari jumlah butir darah merah, kadar hemoglobin dan nilai hematokrit pada semua fase burung puyuh, namun terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan pada kadar hemoglobin fase layer., Quail is a diversified source of meat and egg products. The growth stage during the rearing of quail as laying birds consists of a starter phase, a grower phase, and a layer phase. This study aims to determine and study the profile of red blood cells in the form of the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin levels and hematocrit values on the growth of starter, grower, and layer quail. A total of 30 quails consisting of 10 birds of each phase, blood was taken through the brachial vein for analysis. The results showed that the number of red blood cells in the starter, grower, layer phases were 4.73 x 106/mm3, 3.91 x 106/mm3, 3.89 x 106/mm3. Hemoglobin levels of starter, grower, layer phases were 9.86 g/dL, 9.42 g/dL, 11.88 g/dL. The hematocrit values of starter, grower, layer phases were 29.55%, 33.00%, and 30.45%. These results showed a fluctuating value of the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin levels and hematocrit values in all phases of quail, but there was a significant increase in hemoglobin levels in the layer phase.
Keyword: eritrosit, fase pertumbuhan, hematokrit, hemoglobin, puyuh, erythrocyte, growth phase, hematocrit, hemoglobin, quail

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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