Judul: Dampak Konversi Lahan Sawah di Jawa dan Luar Jawa terhadap Ketersediaan dan Akses Pangan Nasional
Abstrak: To ensure sustainable food availability and accessibility in Indonesia, it is needed the policy that could reduce the persistent wetland conversion in Java that tends to incerase, since Java has been contribution of 60 percent of national rice. This study disaggregated into Jawa and outside Java. The purposes of this study are at: (1) analyzing the factors affecting wetland conversion in Java and outside Java, (2) analyzing the impacts of wetland conversion in Java and outside Java on national food availability and accessibility, (3) analyzing the impact of economic policies implementation in agricultural sector on national food availability and accessibility, as well as on changing of welfare indicators. The model specification was done that included dynamic simultaneous equations which consisted of 19 behavioral equations and 22 identities, model identification performed by using the order condition criteria, while model estimation conducted by employing 2-SLS method. The results of study indicated that wetland conversion has had been compensated by import. Therefore, decreased food availability and accessibility per capita were under-estimated. Price policy became ineffective if at the same time the government also ran import rice policy. The mix policies implementation through instruments: increased the real price of unhusked rice of by 15 percent, decreased the real price of Urea fertilizer of by 10 percent and decreased import quotas of by 37.5 percent were considered as the best policy when wetland conversion increased by 1 percent. This mix policy has positive impact both on producers (farmers) and government; except for consumer. Development of economic region that still focused in Java should be directed to the outside Java in order to reduce the persistent wetland conversion by implementing locally specific policies.
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Judul: The Impact of Conversion Irrigated Paddy Fields on Availability of Rice Staple Food in Java Island
Abstrak: Pulau Jawa merupakan wilayah yang mengalami petumbuhan ekonomi dan pertambahan jumlah penduduk yang cepat. Semakin banyak jumlah penduduk semakin banyak pula kegiatan pembangunan dan permintaan akan lahan untuk pemukiman, industri, perkantoran, dan lain-lain. Kebutuhan lahan ini akan mendorong terjadinya konversi atau alih fungsi lahan pertanian khususnya lahan sawah, dimana lahan sawah irigasi yang memiliki luas lebih besar daripada jenis sawah lain. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui laju alih fungsi lahan sawah irigasi di Pulau Jawa, mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang memengaruhi alih fungsi lahan sawah irigasi, dan bagaimana dampak alih fungsi lahan sawah irigasi terhadap produksi padi dan pengaruhnya terhadap ketersediaan pangan di Pulau Jawa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa luas lahan sawah irigasi di Pulau Jawa mengalami penurunan sebesar 438.793 hektar dari tahun 2009-2018. Laju alih fungsi lahan sawah irigasi yang terjadi Pulau Jawa tahun 2009-2018 berfluktuasi dengan rata-rata sebesar -0,86 persen. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi alih fungsi lahan sawah irigasi adalah jumlah penduduk dan proporsi luas sawah terhadap luas wilayah. Dampak yang terjadi terhadap produksi adalah hilangnya produksi padi pada sepuluh tahun terakhir sebesar 5.150.080,99 ton atau bernilai sekitar Rp. 24.837.837.694.692. Berdasarkan perkiraan luas lahan dan dampaknya terhadap ketersediaan pangan diketahui bahwa pada tahun 2032 prediksi produksi beras di Pulau Jawa sudah tidak bisa memenuhi kebutuhan beras dengan kekurangan sebesar 121.970,98 ton., Java Island is an area that have rapid economic growth and population growth. Increasing population, is also increasing development activities and land demand for settlements, industry, offices, and others. Land requirements will encourage conversion of agricultural land, especially rice fields, where irrigated rice fields have a larger area than other types of rice fields. The purpose of this study was to determine the rate of conversion irrigated rice fields in Java, to find out what factors influence the conversion of irrigated rice fields, and how the impact of conversion of irrigated rice fields to rice production and its effect on food availability in Java Island. The results showed that the area of irrigated rice fields on Java island decreased by 438,793 hectares from 2009-2018. The rate of conversion irrigated rice fields that occurred in Java in 2009-2018 fluctuated by an average of -0.86 percent. The factors that influence the conversion of irrigated rice fields are the population and the proportion of rice fields to the area. The impact on production is the loss of rice production in the last ten years amounting to 5,150,080,99 tons or a value of around Rp. 24,837,837,694,692. Based on the estimated land area and its impact on food availability, it is known that in 2032 the prediction of rice production in Java Island will no longer be able to meet the rice needs with a shortage of 121,970.98 tons.
Keyword: land use change, food availability, paddy field area, rice production, panel data regression

Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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