Judul: Development of methodology of DNA Extraction and Purification of Feather Bird Turtledove (Geopelia striata) for Sexing and Utilization of Genetic Diversity Studies
Abstrak: In the molecular studies of birds, the total DNA obtained from the extraction and purification of blood. Bird turtledove is very small and easy to stress so it is very risky if the blood is taken. Plumage may be other alternatives in obtaining DNA because it contains epithelial cells at their bases. The purpose of this research was to obtain a methodology of extraction and purification of DNA from the feathers of birds turtledove (Geopelia stiata) to study the utilization of sexing and genetic diversity. The method used consists of three kinds: 1) Digestion buffer-based method, 2) modification method using cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium bromide (CTAB buffer), and 3) the method of using tablets InhibitEX in CTAB buffer modification. The third method were divided into two treatments, the tablet was added before the addition of a solution of phenol or InhibitEX Before Phenol (IBP) and, the tablet was added after the addition of a solution of phenol or treatment InhibitEX After Phenol (IAP). The treatment period of soaking the samples in low-TE solution was during in 3 days and 14 days. The quality of DNA bands seen from the results of electrophoresis and spectrophotometer then compared with the control DNA from blood. Based on the purification result, the DNA was not obtained from Digestion buffer method. But, the DNA was obtained in CTAB buffer method, and the method using tablets InhibitEX been obtained DNA. Value averaging the results of the second method of DNA purity was lower (1.156) compared with the third method that is 3IBP (1.321) and 3IAP (1.551). PCR process was conducted as part to evaluate whether the DNA template (DNA template) from the extraction of fur can be amplified without a hitch or not. Based on the PCR test, 3IAP method has a high percentage (100%) compared with 3IBP method (50%) and method 2 (10%).
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Judul: Penggunaan Gen Chromo Helicase DNA Binding (CHD) Sebagai Marker Penentu Jenis Kelamin pada Aves
Abstrak: Many avian spesies are difficult to distinguish between male and female based on their morphology. Male and female must be kept in the same cage for reproduction. DNA-based sex identification provides a solution. CHD genes are preserved within avian Z and W sex chromosomes. The aim of this research was to determine avians sex based on CHD gene using P2 and P8 primers. DNA was extracted from avians blood and feather. The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with a single of primers P2 and P8 on a 2% agarose gel was used to decide the avian sex of chickens, quails, ducks, rock pigeons, common hill myna, yellow-crested cockatoos, and salmon-crested cockatoos. Sex identifification of avian spesies based on bands the Z and W, males had a single band (ZZ), and females had two (ZW) on a agarose gel. The CHD gene amplified by the P2 and P8 primers had the fragment size of 300-400 bp. P2 dan P8 primers had no success for sex identification in chickens, quails and ducks. However, the primers could be used to identify the sex of rock pigeons, common hill myna, yellow-crested cockatoos and salmon-crested cockatoos.
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Judul: Cycle Hamilton pada Graf Lengkap, Graf Regular, dan Graf 2-Connected 4-Regular Berorder Kurang dari Sepuluh
Abstrak: Suatu graf disebut graf Hamilton apabila graf tersebut memuat cycle Hamilton, yaitu cycle yang melewati setiap vertex tepat satu kali. Menentukan keberadaan cycle Hamilton pada suatu graf dapat menggunakan syarat cukup yang berupa teorema-teorema yang telah diperkenalkan sejak tahun 1950-an. Beberapa syarat cukup yang dibahas dalam karya ilmiah ini adalah syarat cukup yang berhubungan dengan graf lengkap dan graf regular. Suatu graf lengkap berorder 𝑛������ ≥ 3 dan graf r-regular berorder 𝑛������ ≤ 2𝑟������ + 1 merupakan graf Hamilton, Karena kedua graf tersebut memuat cycle Hamilton. Selanjutnya, syarat cukup tersebut digunakan untuk menentukan keberadaan cycle Hamilton pada graf 2-connected 4- regular berorder kurang dari 10.
Keyword: graf Hamilton, graf regular, graf lengkap, graf 2-connected 4-regular