Judul: Penggunaan Protein Nabati Dengan Dan Tanpa Penambahan Enzim Fitase Sebagai Bahan Baku Pakan Ikan Lele Dumbo (Clarias sp)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi protein nabati dengan dan tanpa penambahan enzim fitase dalam pakan ikan Lele Dumbo (Clarias sp). Percobaan ini terdiri dari 4 (empat) perlakuan dan 3 (tiga) ulangan dimana 2 (dua) perlakuan (A1+enzim dan B1KSM+enzim) ditambahkan enzim fitase sebanyak 0,02% (1000 unit/kg pakan) dan 2 (dua) perlakuan lainnya (A1 and B1KSM) tanpa penambahan enzim fitase. Data yang diperoleh dianalisa dengan menggunakan rancangan faktorial yang dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak Duncan. Ikan Lele Dumbo sebanyak 6 ekor dengan bobot 27 ± 0,5 gram dimasukkan ke akuarium berukuran 50 x 40 x 35 cm. Pakan diberikan 3 kali sehari secara at satiation selama 60 hari. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa penambahan enzim fitase 0,02% (1000 unit/kg pakan) yang memanfaatkan protein nabati sebagai sumber protein pakan ikan Lele Dumbo (Clarias sp) dapat meningkatkan kecernaan total pakan, fosfor dan protein, namun belum meningkatkan retensi protein dan pertumbuhan ikan.
Keyword: 

Judul: Penggunaan Tepung Ikan Pada Kadar yang Berbeda dalam Pakan Ikan Lele Dumbo
Abstrak: Tepung ikan secara umum dianggap sumber protein yang paling baik, sehingga bukan hanya dimanfaatkan oleh akuakultur saja dan harganya menjadi tinggi. Harga pakan menjadi tinggi karena penggunaan tepung ikan sebagai bahan baku penyusunnya. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penyelesaian untuk menurunkan biaya pakan, dengan menekan kadar tepung ikan pada formulasi pakan, yaitu dengan mencari alternatif bahan baku pengganti tepung ikan dan menurunkan kadar protein pakan. Tepung kedelai umum digunakan bukan hanya karena kandungan protein yang tinggi tetapi juga ketersediaannya. Kombinasi tepung ikan dan tepung kedelai diharapkan dapat menekan biaya pakan, namun tetap menghasilkan pakan berkualitas baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat pengaruh kadar tepung ikan yang berbeda di dalam pakan dengan kandungan protein 26% terhadap pertumbuhan ikan lele dumbo Clarias sp.. Ikan lele yang digunakan 8,4+1,2 gram, ditebar masing-masing 10 ekor tiap akuarium dipelihara dalam 15 akuarium ukuran 40x50x35 cm3 dengan volume 50 liter pada sistem resirkulasi di Laboratorium Nutrisi Ikan, Departemen Budidaya Perairan pada bulan Agustus-September 2008. Ikan diberi pakan dua kali sehari at satiation selama 40 hari. Penelitian ini menggunakan model Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) terdiri dari lima perlakuan, yaitu perlakuan pakan dengan 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% tepung ikan, dan pakan komersial dengan masing-masing tiga ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah jumlah konsumsi pakan, laju pertumbuhan harian, efisiensi pakan, retensi protein, retensi lemak, dan kelangsungan hidup. Hasil pengamatan laju pertumbuhan harian, retensi protein, retensi lemak, dan kelangsungan hidup, antar empat perlakuan berbeda kadar tepung ikan menunjukkan nilai yang tidak berbeda nyata. Namun kinerja pertumbuhan di perlakuan tersebut, lebih rendah (p<0,05) dari kelompok ikan di perlakuan pakan komersial. Nilai efisiensi pakan perlakuan kadar 5% tepung ikan menunjukkan hasil yang sama dengan pakan komersial, dan berbeda nyata terhadap perlakuan 10%, 15%, dan 20% tepung ikan. Dari hasil tersebut disimpulkan bahwa tepung ikan dapat digunakan sebagai pakan lele dumbo Clarias sp. pada kadar minimal 5% dari total pakan dengan kadar protein pakan 26%.
Keyword: 

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite