Judul: Sintesis Biphasic Calcium Phosphate dari Cangkang Telur Ayam
Abstrak: Biphasic Calcium Phosphate (BCP) are structured from hydroxiapatite (HA) Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 and β-Tricalcium Phosphate (β-TCP) β-Ca3(PO4)2. HA are stable in difficlut phases when implanted, that’s why modification are needed with the addition of β-TCP which are soluble. The eggshells which undergoes calcination process at 1000 C for 5 hours contains CaO. The creation process of HA and β-TCP with precipitation method called wise drop, this process of creating BCP with the sonication technique with time variable from 5 to 30 minutes and composition variables of 50%:50%, 60%:40%, and 70%:30%. The size of the HA crystal are 55.28 nm, β-TCP are 51.82 nm, and the BCP are range from 43.85 nm – 50.25 nm. Based on the result of FTIR, can gained supporting information of that the samples gained are pure HA and pure β-TCP which are known from the structure complexity OH- and PO43- without the waste of CO32-. According to the EDS results on of the BCP_2a sample spot which are gained randomly, it’s known that on the sample of the BCP there is β-TCP with a Ca/P ratio of 1.46 or close to 1.5.
Keyword: β-Tricalcium Phosphate, biomaterial, Biphasic Calcium Phosphate, hydroxiapatite, sonication.

Judul: Karakterisasi Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Sebelum dan Sesudah Diimplan pada Domba
Abstrak: Biphasic Calcium Phosphate is a mixture of apatite substance that consists of HA and β- TCP. Characteristic of BCP is bioresorbable, biocompatible and bioactive for bone regeneration in the forming and developing of cells around the tissue. Synthesis of BCP is made by mechanical method. BCP implanted into sheep’s right tibia bone, while the left tibia bone used as control. Nine sheep in this research divided into three groups. Each group has characterized the implant on the first, second, and third month after the surgery. XRD analysis of BCP before implantation shows that chitosan addition changes the BCP’s intensity and ratio. The BCP that is used in this research is 75.92% HA and 24.08% β- TCP. FTIR and SEM-EDX characterization after implantation shows that the sample has interacted with body. FTIR characterization presences CO3, CH, and NH bending, while SEM EDX characterization presences the C unsure. Ca/P ratio showed that is not 1.33 to 1.67 on SEM-EDX characterization. In conclusion, that BCP can use as bone implant because it shows the biocompatible and bioactive characteristic after it implanted in sheep for three months. The Vickers Test shows that one month implanted bone has the most hardness one.
Keyword: in vivo, implant, HA

Judul: Peranan Modal Sosial Terhadap Kondisi kerja dan Pendapatan Pekerja Migran Muda Sektor Informal (Studi Kasus Pekerja Migran Desa-Kota Supir Angkot di Bogor).
Abstrak: Sektor pertanian sebagai sektor dengan penyerapan tenaga kerja yang tinggi di desa saat ini tidak lagi dipandang sebagai pilihan pekerjaan bagi pemuda pedesaan. Perubahan aspirasi orangtua dan persepsi pemuda pedesaan terhadap sektor pertanian mendorong mereka untuk melakukan migrasi dan mencari pekerjaan di daerah perkotaan. Sektor informal merupakan pekerjaan yang umumnya dimasuki oleh pemuda perdesaan karena dapat memanfaatkan modal sosial untuk memperoleh jaminan akses, modal, dan keterampilan untuk masuk ke dalam bidang pekerjaan tersebut. Salah satu bidang dalam sektor informal tersebut adalah bidang transportasi dalam kota dan antar kota yang dikenal sebagai “angkot”. Angkutan Kota “Angkot” memiliki flexibilitas jam kerja, modal yang tidak besar untuk bekerja di dalamnya, dan di organisir oleh asosiasi yang tidak terkena regulasi langsung dari pemerintah. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa modal sosial berperan dalam menentukan kondisi kerja supir angkot yang terdiri dari status supir, biaya operasional, dan durasi bekerja. Pada peneltian ditemukan juga komponen variabel kondisi kerja berperan dalam menentukan tingkat pendapatan bersih dan pendapatan tambahan supir angkot.
Keyword: Sektor informal, modal sosial, angkutan kota