Judul: The Effect of Cayenne Pepper Prices and Other Determinants on the Spillover Effect of Regional Inflation Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Abstrak: Pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan adanya guncangan pada indikator makroekonomi yaitu inflasi. Di sisi lain pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan trade shock tinggi pada tanaman hortikultura sebesar 8,16 persen. Cabai rawit sebagai komoditas hortikultura sekaligus pangan terdampak yang memiliki fluktuasi harga tinggi dibuktikan dengan koefisien keragaman sebesar 66,91 persen. Fluktuasi harga cabai rawit memengaruhi indikator makroekonomi yaitu inflasi. Pengendalian inflasi dibutuhkan untuk menjaga stabilitas perekonomian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui determinan inflasi regional dari sisi moneter yaitu suku bunga kredit dan kredit UMKM serta non moneter yaitu harga cabai rawit, upah minimum provinsi, infrastuktur dan pandemi Covid-19 terhadap inflasi regional. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh interaksi spasial terhadap spillover effect inflasi regional. Penelitian menggunakan data bulanan dari 34 provinsi di Indonesia dengan periode 2018-2021 serta dianalisis menggunakan metode panel spasial dengan model terbaik Spatial Autoregressive (SAR). Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa variabel harga cabai rawit dan upah minimum provinsi berpengaruh positif terhadap inflasi regional. Variabel suku bunga kredit, kredit UMKM, dan pandemi Covid-19 berpengaruh negatif terhadap inflasi regional. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan adanya interaksi spasial antar provinsi yang bertetangga mempengaruhi tingkat inflasi regional suatu wilayah yang menyebabkan spillover effect inflasi regional., The Covid-19 pandemic has caused shocks to macroeconomic indicators, namely inflation. The Covid-19 pandemic caused a high trade shock in horticultural crops, 8.16 percent. Cayenne pepper as a horticultural commodity with high price fluctuations is evidenced by the coefficient of variance, 66.91 percent. Fluctuations in the price of cayenne pepper affect inflation. Inflation control is needed to maintain economic stability. This study aims to determine the determinants of regional inflation from the monetary side, namely credit rate and MSME loans. Non-monetary side, cayenne pepper price, the provincial minimum wage, infrastructure and the Covid-19 pandemic on regional inflation. This study also aims to analyze the effect of spatial interaction on the spillover effect of regional inflation. This study uses data from 34 provinces in Indonesia for 2018-2021 and is analyzed using the spatial panel method with the best model Spatial Autoregressive. The results showed that cayenne pepper price and the provincial minimum wage positively affected regional inflation. Credit rates, MSME loans, and the Covid-19 pandemic negatively affected regional inflation. The results also show that spatial interaction between neighbouring provinces affects a region's regional inflation rate which causes a spillover effect of regional inflation.
Keyword: Cayenne Pepper Prices, Covid-19, Inflation, Spatial Panel, Spillover Effect

Judul: The Effect of Chicken Meat Prices, Covid-19, and  Other Determinants on the Spillover Effect of Inflation at the Regional Level in Indonesia
Abstrak: Pandemi Covid-19 berdampak pada pergerakan permintaan dan penawaran komoditas pangan strategis, salah satunya adalah daging ayam ras yang memiliki fluktuasi harga dan memberikan andil terhadap inflasi sebagai salah satu tolak ukur kondisi perekonomian. Pergerakan inflasi perlu diawasi serta dikendalikan dengan mempertimbangkan faktor moneter dan non moneter. Penelitian ini menganalisis perkembangan inflasi, harga daging ayam ras, upah minimum provinsi, suku bunga kredit konsumsi, dan kredit UMKM tingkat regional di Indonesia. Selain itu, penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh determinan inflasi regional serta interaksi spasial yang berdampak pada spillover inflasi regional dengan mempertimbangkan dummy Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan data bulanan dari 34 provinsi di Indonesia selama 2018-2021 dan dianalisis menggunakan metode panel spasial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan harga daging ayam ras dan upah minimum provinsi memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap inflasi suatu provinsi serta provinsi terdekat. Sebaliknya, suku bunga kredit konsumsi, kredit UMKM, dan dummy Covid-19 memiliki pengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap inflasi suatu provinsi dan provinsi terdekat., The Covid-19 pandemic impacted the demand and supply of a strategic food commodity, such as chicken meat with fluctuating prices, thus affecting the inflation rate, which is one of the benchmarks for economic conditions. Inflation needs to be monitored and controlled by considering monetary and non-monetary factors. This study analyzes the development of inflation, chicken meat prices, provincial minimum wages, interest rates for consumption loans, and MSME loans. This study also analyzes the impact of regional inflation determinants and spatial interactions that impact the spillover of regional inflation bu considering the Covid-19 dummy. This study uses monthly data from 34 provinces in Indonesia for 2018-2021 and analyzes using the spatial panel method. The results showed that the price of chicken meat prices and the provincial minimum wage have a significant positive effect on inflation in a province and the nearest province. In contrast, interest rates for consumption loans, MSME loans, and the Covid-19 dummy have a significant negative effect on in a province and the nearest province.
Keyword: Covid-19, Harga, Inflasi, Panel Spasial, Price, Inflation, Spatial Panel

Judul: Sintesis dan Pencirian Natrium Titanat (Na2Ti2O4(OH)2) Berbahan Dasar Titanium Dioksida
Abstrak: TiO2 can be utilized as basic material for synthesis of sodium titanate (Na2Ti2O4(OH)2). This research was purposed to synthesize and characterize sodium titanate from TiO2 rutile powder as a basic material. Sodium titanate was synthesized by hydrothermal process at temperature 130 °C by mixing TiO2 rutile powder with 5 M and 10 M NaOH solution, then each was calcinated at temperature 700 °C. The energy dispersive X-ray analysis showed that sodium titanate has been successfully synthesized. This result was also supported by functional group analysis with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrofotometer showing the existence of Ti-O-Na vibration band at 989.42 cm-1. The formation of sodium titanate was depend on the reaction condition such as temperature, reaction time, and NaOH concentration. Scanning electron microscope image indicated that sodium titanate synthesized at 130 °C in 20 hours reaction time with 10 M NaOH had crystal size of 99.37 nm.
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