Judul: Efek Pakan Mengandung Isoflavon Kedelai terhadap Bobot Badan dan Kadar Androgen Serum Tikus Jantan
Abstrak: Isoflavone is a phytoestrogen. It can trigger both of estrogenic and antiestrogenic effects. Soybean was known as main source of isoflavone. It was suspected that soybean isovlavone had an antiestrogenic effect against body weight and androgen level of male rats. The objective of this research was to examine the influence of soybean isoflavone feeding against the body weight and androgen level of Sprague-Dawley male rats. Twenty eight rats were divided into seven groups which consist of one negative control group and six experimental groups (three groups were given soybean powder feedings (K1, K2, and K3) and three groups on soybean isolate feedings (I1, I2, and I3). The examined parameters were body weight, feeding consumption-efficiency, feces weight, and serum androgen levels (testosterone and dihydrotestosterone). The result showed that K2, K3, I1, I2, and I3 feeding increased body weight of male rats, whereas K1 feeding decreased them. The isoflavones used in this research has significantly reduced (p<0.05) androgen testosterone serum level. The highest reduction average percentage was on group K2 (95.11%), whiles the lowest percentage, on the other hand (16.24%) was observed on the group of I2 feeding. However, each soybean isoflavone-containing feed has insignificantly increased (p>0.05) androgen dihydrotestosterone. The highest average percentage of this increase was seen at the group of K2 feeding (325.44%), while the lowest one was on group of K1 feeding (175.05%).
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Judul: Efek Berbagai Jenis Pakan Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merrill) terhadap Produksi Hormon Estrogen pada Tikus Sprague Dawley Betina
Abstrak: Soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) is a plant that contains high nutritional components. Researchs suggested that soybean contains high phytoestrogens, called isoflavones. This study aimed to measure the effect of soy feed contained isoflavones with three different concentration through the estrogen hormone level of Sprague Dawley female rats. There are 7 groups treatment (each group of 4 rats) which consists of a negative control group with feed casein (KN), 3 groups of feed with soybean powder 100% concentration (K1), 50% (K2), and 10% (K3) and 3 three other groups were given feed with soy protein isolate 100% concentration (IPK1), 50% (IPK2), and 10% (IPK3). The concentration of the hormone estrogen in the blood serum was measured by ELISA method (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). Results showed the source of isoflavones and the different protein levels were significantly different (p <0.05) the levels of the hormone estrogen of female mice with soybean powder treatment and not significantly different (p> 0.05) for soy protein isolate treatment. The concentration of the hormone estrogen increased as fed treatment soy 10% (K3), isolate 10% (IPK3), 50% (IPK2), and 100% (IPK1). Its concentration is 1455 ± 942.15 pg/mL, 939 ± 430.30 pg/mL, 869.44 ± 685.38 pg/mL, and 850 ± 46.39 pg/mL
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Judul: Cycle Hamilton pada Graf Lengkap, Graf Regular, dan Graf 2-Connected 4-Regular Berorder Kurang dari Sepuluh
Abstrak: Suatu graf disebut graf Hamilton apabila graf tersebut memuat cycle Hamilton, yaitu cycle yang melewati setiap vertex tepat satu kali. Menentukan keberadaan cycle Hamilton pada suatu graf dapat menggunakan syarat cukup yang berupa teorema-teorema yang telah diperkenalkan sejak tahun 1950-an. Beberapa syarat cukup yang dibahas dalam karya ilmiah ini adalah syarat cukup yang berhubungan dengan graf lengkap dan graf regular. Suatu graf lengkap berorder 𝑛������ ≥ 3 dan graf r-regular berorder 𝑛������ ≤ 2𝑟������ + 1 merupakan graf Hamilton, Karena kedua graf tersebut memuat cycle Hamilton. Selanjutnya, syarat cukup tersebut digunakan untuk menentukan keberadaan cycle Hamilton pada graf 2-connected 4- regular berorder kurang dari 10.
Keyword: graf Hamilton, graf regular, graf lengkap, graf 2-connected 4-regular