Judul: Labor Absorption in G20 Developing Countries
Abstrak: Penyerapan tenaga kerja merupakan terisinya lapangan pekerjaan secara penuh yang tercermin dari banyaknya jumlah penduduk yang bekerja. Group of Twenty (G20) merupakan sebuah forum utama kerja sama ekonomi internasional yang menyumbang sebanyak 80% perekonomian dunia, 75% perdagangan dunia, dan 60% populasi dunia. Mayoritas negara sedang berkembang anggota G20 merupakan negara dengan jumlah penduduk terbanyak di dunia dan penduduk yang bekerja berkontribusi terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi suatu negara. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kondisi penyerapan tenaga kerja beserta faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi penyerapan tenaga kerja negara sedang berkembang G20 dengan menggunakan data cross section 10 negara dan time series tahun 2011-2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan GDP, FDI, remitansi, dan nilai tukar berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja, sedangkan keterbukaan perdagangan berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja di negara sedang berkembang G20., Labor absorption is the full employment of the workforce which is reflected in the large number of working population. Group of Twenty (G20) is a major forum for international economic cooperation and G20 members represent more than 80% of world GDP, 75% of international trade, and 60% of the world population. The majority of G20 developing countries are the countries with most population in the world and working population contribute to country’s economic growth. The purposes of this study are to describe the conditions of labor absorption and factors that affect labor absorption in G20 developing countries using cross section data of ten G20 developing countries and time series 2011-2020. The results showed that GDP, FDI, remittances, and exchange rate have significant and positive effect on labor absorption, while trade openness has negative and insignificant effect on labor absorption in G20 developing countries.
Keyword: panel data, G20 developing countries, labor absorption

Judul: Determinant of Labor Absorption in Lower Middle-Income Country
Abstrak: Tenaga kerja sebagai salah satu faktor produksi merupakan salah satu hal yang essensial dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi suatu negara. Dengan meningkatnya populasi dari tahun ke tahun, kontribusi sumber daya manusia dalam aktivitas ekonomi menjadi salah satu faktor pembangunan ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis determinan dari penyerapan tenaga kerja di negara Lower Middle Income (LMC) selama periode tahun 2011-2020. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif untuk menggambarkan terkait kondisi penyerapan tenaga kerja di negara Lower Middle Income (LMC) serta analisis data panel untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi penyerapan tenaga kerja di negara Lower Middle Income (LMC) dengan menggunakan data cross section 10 negara LMC dan time series selama 10 tahun dari tahun 2011 hingga 2020. Model regresi data panel yang digunakan ialah Fixed Effect Model (FEM) dengan hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa variabel pertumbuhan Gross Domestic Product (GDP), produktivitas tenaga kerja, serta Foreign Direct Invesment berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap tenaga kerja, sedangkan variabel ekspor memberi pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja. Variabel lainnya yakni inflasi berpengaruh tidak signfikan terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja., Labor as a factor of production is one of the essential things in the economic growth of a country. Population increases from year to year, the contribution of human resources in economic activity is one of many factors that affecting economic development. This research aims to analyze the determinants of employment in Lower Middle Income (LMC) Countries during 2011 until 2020. The analytical method that we used is qualitative descriptive analysis to provide an overview of the conditions of employment in Lower Middle Income (LMC) Countries and we used panel data regression analysis to analyze the factors that affecting employment in Lower Middle Income (LMC) Countries by using cross data. section for 10 LMC countries and time series for 10 years during the period 2011 until 2020. We used Fixed Effect Model (FEM) for panel data regression analysis, the results showing that GDP growth variable, labor productivity, Foreign Direct Investment has a positive and significant effect on labor absorption. Meanwhile, the export variables had a negative and significant effect on labor absorption. Another variable such as inflation had no significant effect on labor absorption.
Keyword: labor absorption, economic growth, panel data, Fixed Effect Model (FEM), Lower Middle-Income Country (LMC)

Judul: Pola Pewarisan Karakter Suara Kicauan Pada Burung Perkutut
Abstrak: Turtledove (Geopelia striata) is a singing birds that has a better melodious voice. The inheritance of this character has not been determined, so that research on the voice inheritance is important. This study was aimed to characterize the voice patterns turtledove. Materials consisted of 12 pairs of parents and their progenies. Twelve of their turtledove was ranked based on their sound quality. The parameters observed included voice patterns, the presence of elements of sound, the type of sound, harmonious sound (frequency and level of sound intensity) and duration of the total sound. Voice analysis was done by using computer software Cool Edit Pro version 2.1. Sound visualization was displayed in waveform shape. Sound intensity level was determined using the formula TI = 10 log I/I0, with the value I0 at 10-12 W/m2. Based on the inheritance analysis sire voices is a better chance in herediting of the voice and the number of beats sound of the middle voice. Dam plays an role in giving voice rhythm modification and sound tip inheritance. Based on the sound analysis, sound quality the voice rank from the highest to the lowest were: ♂AK, ♂ FQ, ♂HHa, ♂ ISS, ♂HRR, ♂ BL, ♂CM, ♂ EQ, ♂GQ, ♂DO, ♂DN, and ♂DP. The frequency value and the highest intensity level displayed by AK turtledove were 929.49 Hz and 91.5 dB, whereas the lowest value displayed by ♂DP were 633.59 Hz, and 67.83 dB. The best rhythm of the turtledove indicated by high frequency with a stable pattern, harmonious the intonation, as well as clear basic voice.
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