Judul: Karakteristik dan Kinetika Enzimatik β-Galaktosidase Isolat Bakteri AV-1 pada Susu Pasteurisasi
Abstrak: Lactose is not found in natural product except from mammary gland. Lactose must be hydrolized into glucose and galactose by β-galaktosidasesenzyme. So that, it is posible to be absorb by intestine. The purpose of this research was determined differences in characteristic and kinetics of β- galaktosidases-enzyme produced by AV-1 selected isolate lactid acid bacteria and Lactobacillus bulgaricus in hydrolyzing pasteurized milk. The optimum condition of AV-1 isolate β-galaktosidase enzyme was on incubation time 25 minute, temperature 43 °C, pH 6.5, with activity 0.182 U/ml, while the optimum condition of Lactobacillus bulgaricus β-galaktosidase enzyme was on incubation time 20 minute, temperature 43 °C, pH 6.5, with activity 0.357 U/ml. The kinetics parameters (Vmaks. and apparent KM) of isolate AV-1 β-galaktosidase enzyme were 0.198 U/ml and 1.314 mM, while the kinetics parameters (Vmaks. and apparent KM) of Lactobacillus bulgaricus’ β-galaktosidase enzyme (as control) were 0.385 U/ml and 1.075 mM. The activity of β-galaktosidase AV-1 isolate statistically was different from Lactobacillus bulgaricus’ (P < 0.05).
Keyword: 

Judul: Amobilisasi β-galaktosidase Bakteri Asam Laktat Indigenos Strain D-210 dengan Natrium Alginat dan Potensi Hidrolisisnya pada Susu UHT
Abstrak: Lactose intolerance is a symptom who cannot produce the β-galactosidase enzyme (lactase) an enzyme that catalyzes hydrolysis of lactose into glucose and galactose, in their digestive system. In most cases this causes symptoms which may include abdominal bloating and cramps, flatulence, diarrhea and nausea. Immobilization of Indigenous Lactic Acid Bacteria strain D-210 β-galactosidase with natrium alginate and its potential in UHT milk has not been reported yet. Indigenous Lactic Acid Bacteria strain D-210 was found as bacteria producing β-galactosidase which was culture in MRS (Mann Rogosa Sharpe) and substrate lactose 3%. The β-galactosidase was dialyzed for getting the partial pure. The research results showed that the optimum production of β-galactosidase in Indigenous Lactic Acid Bacteria Strain D-210 was reached on 24 hours with activity 26.605 U/ml and total activities was 27.669 U, and Indigenous Lactic Acid Bacteria Strain D-210 optimum growth was reached on 24 hours with optimum optical density 1.984 and amount of cell was 1.81x10-8 cell/ml. The total activities partial purification of crude β-galaktosidase was 138.396 U, total activities after presipitation with amonium sulfat the total activities was 87.030 U and total activities after dialysis was 50.420 U. The inhibitors of β-galaktosidase were Hg and Cu with relative activities were 56.82% and 1.04%, while the activators were Mg,Mn,Ca,Co,Zn. Kinetic parameter of enzyme showed that the values of Km: 0.491 mM and Vmax:0.093 μmol/minute (free β-galactosidase), and values of Km:15.54 mM and Vmax 0.474 μmol/minute (immobilized β-galactosidase) . The optimum activity of the free β-galactosidase was reached on pH: 6.5 with activity 252.341 U/ml, and temperature: 45 oC with activity 180.093 U/ml. The optimum concentration of Na alginate for immobilized cell and β-galactosidase were 2% and 3% respectively. The concentration of Na alginat used for hydrolysis lactose in cell was 12% with the released total product 58.884 μmol and for the β-galactosidase was 20% with the released total product 91.752 μmol. The optimum activity of the immobilized β-galactosidase was reached on pH:6 with activity 40.428 U/ml, and on temperature: 40 oC with activity 41.194 U/ml. The optimum potential of cell imobilized and β-galactosidase for lactose hidrolysis in UHT milk were reached for 6 hours and 18 hours with relative activity 76.72% and 62.78% respectively. Repeated use of cell and enzyme β-galactosidase immobilized was 6 times with the use of relative hydrolisis activity were 39.52% and 53.68% respectively.
Keyword: 

Judul: Sistem Pertamanan Kota Di Kotamadya Surabaya, Jawa Tlmur
Abstrak: Kehadiran taman-taman kota semakin dipwlukan di Kota Surabaya yang tidak hanya berfungsi untuk keindahan dan kenyarnanan kota, tetapi juga untuk meningkatkan kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) dm kesejahteraan warganya. Sdah satu usaha y ang berdampak positif dalam mengurangi sisi negaiif dari pembangunan dan pkngembangan fisik kawasan kota adalah rnelalui perencaman lingkungan yaitu penataan pernbangunan sistem pertamanan kota atau 'Cify Park System ', yang merupakan bagian dari sistem ruang luar kota dan pendukung lanskap kota serta mempunyai peran penting dalarn menciptakan keteraturan ddam lingkungan kota.
Keyword: