Judul: Consumer Goods Stock Price Prediction Using the Modified Black-Scholes Equation
Abstrak: Besarnya volume perdagangan di pasar saham menyebabkan harga saham yang semakin fluktuatif menyebabkan meningkatnya resiko yang ada sehingga diperlukan analisa untuk menganalisis kemungkinan kenaikkan, penurunan, dan harga saham di waktu mendatang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi harga saham consumer goods menggunakan persamaan Black-Scholes yang diselesaikan dengan metode Runge-Kutta dan menganalisis pengaruh suku bunga terhadap hasil prediksi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membuat model berdasarkan persamaan Black-Scholes termodifikasi dan diselesaikan menggunakan metode Runge-Kutta orde empat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan model memiliki MAPE 4.99% yang diinterpretasikan sebagai sangat baik dengan nilai MDA 72%. dan hubungan suku bunga dengan harga saham yang berbanding terbalik., The large volume of trading in the stock market causes stock prices to fluctuate, increasing the risk involved, therefore analysis is needed to analyse the possibility of increases, decreases, and stock prices in the future. This research aims to predict the price of consumer goods stocks using the Black-Scholes equation solved by the Runge-Kutta method and analyse the effect of interest rates on the prediction results. The research was conducted by creating a model based on the modified Black-Scholes equation and solved using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. The results showed that the model has a MAPE of 4.99% which is interpreted as very good with a MDA of 72% and the relationship between interest rates and stock prices is inversely proportional.
Keyword: Black-Scholes equation, interest rate, stock price, Runge-Kutta method

Judul: Analysis Stock Price Using Black-Scholes Model and Runge-Kutta Orde 4.
Abstrak: Saham merupakan surat tanda kepemilikan suatu perusahaan. Analisis saham dan parameter yang digunakan penting untuk memberikan keuntungan yang besar dimasa yang akan datang. Black-Schole merupakan sebuah model untuk menganalisis opsi menggunakan Brownian motion. Opsi saham di Indonesia sudah tidak berlaku, oleh karena itu pada penelitian kali ini menggunakan Black Schole model dengan Runge Kutta Orde 4 untuk menganalisis harga saham PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia Tbk (BBRI) dengan error sebesar 2.27%, Bank Cabang Asia Tbk (BBCA) dengan error sebesar 2.00%, serta PT Bank Mandiri Tbk (BMRI) dengan error sebesar 2.44%. Nilai error ratarata yang kecil tersebut dapat membuktikan model ini dapat digunakan untuk menganalisis harga saham.
Keyword: Black-Scholes, Brownian, Stock

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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