Judul: Pengembangan dan Implementasi Sistem Pemadaman Api pada Fire-fighting Robot
Abstrak: Fires are frequent and have caused many casualties. Need a quick response to find and extinguish the fire source before the fire spread. Due to its danger, human intervention in extinguishing the fire needs to be kept as minimum as possible. For that, a robot that can detect the source of the fire and extinguish it at the same time is required. This study aims to develop fire extinguishing systems using the Arduino microcontroller as the main controller. Two fire extinguishing systems were built with two different methods. The first method utilized the wind from a fan, while the second method used a washer pump. Both systems were controlled by a relay. The results showed that the flame sensor can detect the fire at a distance of 30 – 100 cm. The wind-based fire extinguishing system was found to be able to extinguish the fire from a maximum distance of 120 cm, while the water-based fire extinguishing system did not succeed because the water burst from the washer pump was inadequate.
Keyword: flame sensor, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), fire extinguisher, Arduino

Judul: Analisis dan Penerapan Sensor Jarak, Sensor Deteksi Api, dan Sensor Garis pada Fire Fighting Robot
Abstrak: Sensor is a device in a robot to learn things about its surroundings. One of the problems from using sensor is its accuracy when retrieving data. This study developed a fire fighting robot sensor system using ultrasonic range sensor, fire detector sensor, and line sensor. In the process of retrieving data, these sensors require some pre-processing steps in order to obtain data that is equal to the actual data, such as calibration and data smoothing. Data smoothing methods utilized in this study are moving average and simple exponential smoothing. These methods are used to smooth the received realtime data especially in the range sensor HC-SR04 data. The results show that moving average with 5 windows and exponential smoothing with smoothing factor 0.5 can be used to reduce the ripples due to the existence of irregular data. However, both methods may slow down the robot‟s decision making process.
Keyword: sensors, moving average, HC-SR04, fire fighting robot, exponential smoothing, Arduino

Judul: Characterizations of low alloy steel sae 4422  plated with chromic acid (Cro3)
Abstrak: Characterizations of low alloy steel SAE 4422 plated with chromic acid (CrOrO3) was use Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), RD),Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-Ray (EDAX), Hardness Test and Roughness Test. Microstructures analysis exhibits cracks and grain boundaries microcracks as a characteristics of chrome metal found at plating metal. Perlite and Ferrite as grains of steel found at base metal with grain boundaries around it. Phase analysis of plating metal appropriate to chrome metal with lattice constant (a) is 2.559 Å and phase analysis of base metal appropriate to iron ferrite with lattice constant (a) is 3.318 Å. Both plating and base metal have cubic system. Chemical analysis of plating metal at surface section exhibits that cracks area have highest value of carbon element compare with grains and grains boundaries area. While chemical analysis of base metal at cross section exhibits that perlite have highest value of carbon element compare with ferrite and grain boundaries. The hardness value of plating metal at surface section and cross section are 753 and 637 VHN. While, the hardness value of base metal and interface area at cross section are 205 and 373 VHN. The roughness value at measurement points of chrome surface for as received sample are 0.445 μm. Observation used Optical Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy exhibits surface irregularities combine to form surface texture of plating metal at surface section.
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