Judul: Pendugaan Peri ode dari Proses Poisson Periodik
Abstrak: In this manuscript a method for estimating period T of a periodic Poisson process which is observed in interval [O,nj is discussed. From the research that has been done, it has been proven that the estimator for T is consistent if the length of interval observation of the process goes to infinity. Subsequently, rate of consistency of the estimator is also shown. Finally, a simulation has been carried out to compare behavior of the estimator with the one which considered has a better estimator. The resuit of the slmuiatlon shown that there is no slgnlficant different between two estimators.
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Judul: Pendugaan fungsi sebaran dan fungsi kepekatan peluang waktu tunggu proses poisson periodik
Abstrak: This manuscript is concerned with estimation of distribution and probability density function of the waiting time of a periodic Poisson process. It is assumed, that the period 𝜏 of this process is known, but the intensity function is unknown. It is also assumed, that the Poisson process is observed in the interval 0,𝑛 . Let 𝑍(𝑚) denotes the waiting time of 𝑚-th event since the beginning of observation of the Periodic Poisson Process being discussed. The main problem is to prove the consistency of the estimator of the distribution function 𝐹𝑍(𝑚) and the probability density function 𝑓𝑍 𝑚 of the waiting time 𝑍(𝑚) as the length of observation interval of the process goes to infinity. In addition, asymptotic approximation of the variance and the asymptotic distribution of the estimator of 𝐹𝑍(𝑚) are formulated.
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Judul: Leaf morphology and Anatomy Characters of Some Sansevieria Species
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji karakter morfologi dan anatomi daun pada lima spesies tumbuhan Sansevieria. Berdasarkan pengamatan karakter morfologi, dijumpai variasi morfologi daun meliputi ukuran panjang, lebar dan tebal daun serta pola warna pada daun ke lima spesies Sansevieria. S. sufruticosa memiliki daun berbentuk silindris berwarna hijau, dengan ujung daun berduri merah kecoklatan. S. masoniana congo memiliki daun berbentuk jorong, warna hijau tua, dengan tepi daun berwarna merah. S. samurai dwarf memiliki daun berwarna hijau dengan permukaan cekung membentuk saluran. S. trifasciata gold flame memiliki daun berbentuk lanset, tebal berwarna hijau tua bergaris hijau muda dengan tepi daun berwarna kuning, sedangkan S. kirkii brown memiliki daun berbentuk lanset, berwarna coklat dengan bercak putih, permukaannya bergelombang. Pada ke lima spesies Sansevieria daun dilapisi selapis epidermis berbentuk poligonal dengan 4 hingga 6 sisi yang berdinding tipis, kecuali spesies S. samurai dwarf sel epidermis berdinding tebal merata. Stomata dijumpai pada kedua permukaan daun, terdapat lebih banyak pada permukaan bawah daun (abaksial). S. masoniana congo memiliki stomata berukuran (panjang x lebar) terbesar, sedangkan S. kirkii brown memiliki stomata terkecil. S. masoniana congo memiliki kerapatan stomata terkecil dengan indeks stomata terbesar, sebaliknya S. sufruticosa memiliki kerapatan stomata terbesar dengan indeks stomata terkecil. Diantara kelima spesies yang diteliti, daun S. masoniana congo memiliki kutikula yang paling tebal sebaliknya S. trifasciata gold flame memiliki kutikula paling tipis., This research aims to describe leaf morphology and anatomy characters of five Sansevieria species. Based on the morphology characters, there are some variation in the length, width, thickness and leaf color pattern. S. sufruticosa has green cylindrical leaf, with auburn thorny leaf tip. S. masoniana congo has elliptical leaf, dark green with red stripe on the leaf margins. S. samurai dwarf has green leaf blade with concave surface forms thick wide channel. S. trifasciata gold flame has thick lanceolate leaf, light green striped dark green with yellow stripe in the leaf margin, while S. kirkii brown has white spotted brown lanceolate leaf with wavy surface. Sansevieria was leaf covered with a layer of epidermis. Epidermal cells are polygonal in shape with four to six thin wall sides, except S. samurai dwarf with thick cell wall. Stomata were found on both leaf sides, more stomata present on the lower epidermis than the upper epidermis. S. masoniana congo has the biggest (length x width) stomata, while S. kirkii brown has the smallest stomata. S. masoniana congo has the lowest stomatal density with the highest stomatal index, whereas S. sufruticosa has the highest stomatal density with the lowest stomatal index. Among all species, S. masoniana congo leaf has the thickest cuticula while S. trifasciata gold flame has the thinnest. Key words: Leaf anatomy, leaf morphology, Sansevieria, stomata
Keyword: Anatomi daun, morfologi daun, Sansevieria, stomata