Judul: Benefit Distribution Mechanism of Community Based Forest Management (CBFM): Pine Forest Case.
Abstrak: Lembaga Masyarakat Desa Hutan (LMDH) merupakan prasyarat pelaksanaan Pengelolaan Hutan Bersama Masyarakat di wilayah Perhutani. LMDH memainkan peran penting dalam memastikan perolehan manfaat objek PHBM bagi semua elemen di internalnya. Kelemahan LMDH dalam mendistribusikan manfaat objek PHBM mengakibatkan ketimpangan perolehan manfaat di antara pengurus dan anggota, serta antar sesama anggota. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proses pembuatan mekanisme distribusi manfaat objek PHBM dan menganalisis implementasi mekanisme distribusi manfaat objek PHBM. Identifikasi para pihak yang terlibat dalam proses pembuatan mekanisme distribusi manfaat objek PHBM didasarkan pada pengaruh dan kepentingannya. Impelementasi mekanisme distribusi manfaat objek PHBM didekati dengan membandingkan peran para pihak berdasarkan aturan formal dan realisasi di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses pembuatan mekanisme distribusi manfaat objek PHBM didominasi oleh pandangan, pengaruh dan kepentingan badan pengurus LMDH. Impelementasi mekanisme distribusi manfaat objek PHBM ditandai dengan penyimpangan terhadap pedoman internal LMDH dan bersifat incremental. Prinsip keadilan tidak diterapkan dalam implementasi mekanisme distribusi manfaat objek PHBM yang ditandai dengan tidak memfasilitasi kebebasan politik para anggota dan tidak memperhatikan ketimpangan sosial ekonomi di internal LMDH. Kondisi demikian semakin memperluas ruang kompetisi di internal LMDH dalam perolehan manfaat objek PHBM dan membuka potensi penghisapan terhadap para anggota LMDH dari lapisan sosial ekonomi terbawah. Dengan demikian kinerja LMDH semakin mengukuhkan ketimpangan sosial ekonomi di internal LMDH secara khusus dan di desa hutan secara umum., Legal Forest User Group the village level,-widely called as Lembaga Masyarakat Desa Hutan (LMDH) is a prerequisite for the implementation of Community Based Forest Management in Perhutani area. LMDH plays an important role in ensuring the benefits of CBFM objects for all elements in their internal. The weakness of LMDH in distributing the benefits of CBFM objects results in inequality of benefit between organizing committe and members, as well as among members. This study aims to analyze the formulation process of benefit distribution mechanism of CBFM object and analyze implementation of benefit distribution mechanism of CBFM object. The identification of the parties involved in the process of establishing the CBFM object benefit distribution mechanism is based on its effect and interest. Implementation of the benefit distribution mechanism of CBFM objects is approached by comparing the roles of the parties based on formal rules and realities on the ground. The result of the research shows that the formulating process of benefit distribution mechanism of CBFM object is dominated by perception, effect and interest of organizing committe. The implementation of benefit distribution mechanism of CBFM object is characterized by deviations from the LMDH internal guidelines and has incremental properties. The principle of fairness is not applied in the implementation of the benefit distribution mechanism of CBFM object which is characterized by not facilitating the political freedom of the members and not paying attention to socio-economic inequalities inside LMDH. Such conditions further extend the competition space within the LMDH to get benefit of the PHBM object and unlock the potential for exploitation of LMDH members from the lowest socio-economic class. Thus the performance of LMDH further reinforces the socio-economic inequalities inside LMDH particularly and in forest villages generally.
Keyword: LMDH, benefit distribution mechanism, interest, fairness, Redistributional equity, Foresty

Judul: Persepsi, Motivasi, dan Partisipasi Masyarakat terhadap Pengelolaan Hutan Bersama Masyarakat (PHBM) di RPH Dayeuhluhur BKPH Wanareja KPH Banyumas Barat
Abstrak: Forest resource has an important role for Indonesian Government, community and other stakeholders. The component of policyas a particular component play an influential role in the making of forest management system. Forest management systems shall comply the common goal i.e. the developing of community welfare and the sustainability of forests. This research examines the perception, motivation, and community participation toward system ofcommunity forest management (CFM). The method used in this research is structured interview (questionnaire) with retrieval of purposive sampling of respondents, observation and literature study. CFM activities in RPH Dayehluhur comprise of activities in the forest area of forest concession activities, land and productive business ventures of non productive land and activities outside the forest area such as chicken farm in LMDH Lodaya. LMDH Unggul Lestari, LMDH Rindu Alam dan LMDH Wana Basma only undertake activities within the forest area only.The level of perception, motivation and participation of society can be counted as high which CFM i.e. 73.33% level of perception in General is affected by internal factors include the need for welfare live with correlation of 0.674 this indicate that the communities internally to see what CFM give for the community, the level of motivation of 83.33% is generally influenced by the activities of voluntary or involuntary means that society has 0.875 desire or urge to participate on a voluntary basis and are aware of the importance of the activities of CFM and the level of participation of 43.33% largely exists on the level of implementation, are affected by the activities of the meeting of the implementation activities and socialization of CFM 0.762, indicating that the community is enthusiastic to following the meeting and socialization activities CFM
Keyword: CFM, perception, participation, motivation, LMDH

Judul: Trichomonas Gallinae Penyebab Trichomonosis Pada Unggas
Abstrak: Trichomonas gallinae adalah protozoa yang bergerak aktof dengan keempat flagella yang mempunyai layar dan pada salah satu sisinya terdapat membran seperti sirip ikan yang berombak. Spesies dari genus Trichomonas ini mempunyai arti penting pada unggas, karena dapat menyebabkan infeksi pada alat pencernaan bagian atas.
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