Judul: Penyakit Cacing jantung Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Penyakit cacing jantung merupakan salah satu penyakit parasiter disebabkan oleh Dirofilaria immitis, termasuk dalam kelas Nematoda, ordo Spirurida dan famili Filariidae. Dirofilaria immitis dewasa berwarna putih, langsing dan panjang. Cacing betina mempunyai ukuran tubuh lebih panjang daripada cacing jantan dan bersifat viviparous, menghasilkan larva vormiform disebut mikrofilaria yang da- pat ditemukan dalam peredaran darah perifer setiap waktu, tetapi umumnya mempunyai kecenderungan kearah waktu ter- tentu. Daur hidupnya tidak langsung, nyamuk merupakan in- duk semang antara yang bertindak sebagai vektor penyakit terutama dari genus Culex, Aedes, Anopheles, Armigerus, Mycorhynchus dan Taeniorhynchus. Telah dilaporkan lebih dari 17 spesies nyamuk dari genus Culex, Aedes dan Anophe- les sangat cocok sebagai induk semang antara untuk perkem- bangan larva. Kejadian penyakit telah tersebar di seluruh dunia, baik di daerah tropis, subtropis maupun di daerah beriklim sedang. Persentase kejadian tinggi ditemukan di Australia dan Amerika Serikat. Di Indonesia juga sering ditemukan, walaupun belum mendapat perhatian sebagai mana mestinya. Induk semang utama adalah anjing dan bertindak seba- gai reservoir penyakit. Kejadian penyakit pada hewan lain pernah ditemukan pada kucing, rubah, coyote, srigala, si- nga laut, anjing laut dan beruang hitam. Beberapa kasus pada manusia juga pernah dilaporkan. Pada umumnya Dirofi- laria immitis dewasa hidup dalam ventrikel kanan jantung dan arteri pulmonalis. Lokasi lain ditemukan pada vena cava, aorta, atrium, ruang abdomen, mata dan ventrikel otak. Gejala penyakit tergantung atas jumlah cacing dalam tubuh penderita dan lamanya penyakit. Pada infeksi perta- ma gejala klinis berupa batuk dan menurunnya stamina, ter- utama akan terlihat setelah latihan atau pertama kali di- latih setelah periode istirahat. Pada kasus berat nafsu makan turun, hewan lesu, berat badan turun, dispnoe, tem- peratur tubah tinggi, cyanotis dan anemia. Tahap selan- jutnya terjadi hydrop ascites, hydrop anasarca, ichterus, haemoglobinuria, bilirubinuria, kadar urea darah, SGPT dan SGOT meningkat. Pada tahap akhir timbul gejala syaraf dan hewan dapat mati dalam beberapa jam…dst
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Judul: Infeksi Cacing Jantung Dirofilaria Immitis, Railliet & Henry, 1911 Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Cacing Dirofilaria immitis dewasa yang tinggal dalm ventrikel kanan jantung anjing, sering kali menimbulkan gejala klinis yang cukup berat. Cacing Tersebut menghasilkan mikrofilaria yang selanjutnya berkembang menjadi larva infektif dalam saluran malphigi induk semang entara, yaitu nyamuk dari genus Culex, Aedes dan Anopheles.
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Judul: Enhancement of photon absorbtion on BaxSr1-xTiO3 thin films semiconductor using photonic crystals.
Abstrak: In this research, has been conducted BaxSr1-xTiO3 (BST) thin films manufacturing for mole fraction x = 0.25, 0.35, 0.45, and 0.55; and concentration of 1 molar using chemical solution depositon (CSD) method. The materials, which are used in this research, are barium acetate [Ba(CH3COO)2, 99%], strontium acetate [Sr(CH3COO)2, 99%], titanium isopropoxide [Ti(C12O4H28), 97.999%], gallium trioxide [Ga2O3], 2-methoxyethanol [H3COOCH2CH2OH, 99%] and 1 x 1 cm of transparent conductive oxide (TCO) glass as substrate. Two BST thin films are made that for BST thin films which are doped by 10% galium (BGST) as p-type layer and pure BST solution as n-type. BST solution is made by reacting barium acetate [Ba(CH3COO)2, 99%], strontium acetate [Sr(CH3COO)2, 99%] and titanium isopropoxide [Ti(C12O4H28)] into 2-methoxyethanol solvent [H3COOCH2CH2OH, 99%] in accordance with mass gram for each x value. While, BGST solution is made in the same way as BST solution, plus adding gallium at 10% of the mass of BST. Once all materials are reacted, then vibrated using ultrasonic for 90 minutes, and followed by coating BGST / BST on the TCO substrate. Once the layer is formed, then annealed for 15 hours at temperature of 500 °C with increasing rate of 1.67 oC/minute. Characterizations of BST thin films with or without photonic crystals include the absorbance and transmittance in the visible light spectrum, as well as the electrical photoconductivity characterizations. From BST thin films without photonic crystals indicate that our thin films have light absorption area on almost the entire range of the visible light spectrum even to the infrared range with absorption value over than 67.6%, in addition, it can be seen that the maximum absorbance of BST thin films for all mole fractions lie in blue to green light spectrum region, 457 nm ≤ λ ≤ 570 nm and the minimum in yellow to red light spectrum region, 570 nm ≤ λ ≤ 678 nm. The largest absorbance is found at x = 0.25 with average absorbance value of 92.04% and maximum and minimum absorbance peaks at wavelength of 500.89 and 657.72 nm, respectively. At x = 0.35, average absorbance value decreased to 83.55% with maximum and minimum peaks at 505.73 and 613.68 nm, respectively. Then increased to 91.16% at x = 0.45 with maximum and minimum peaks at 506.04 and 618.56 nm, respectively. At x = 0.55, average absorbance value decreased to 80.12% with maximum and minimum peaks at 507.85 and 608.79 nm, respectively. Moreover, it can be seen that the addition of barium mole fraction leads to wider maximum absorbance or minimum transmittance peaks and narrower minimum absorbance or maximum transmittance peaks in the same range of the green and blue & red light spectrums, respectively. BST thin films with photonic crystals show increasing in absorption for all x values in the range of 3.04 into 13.33%. At x = 0.25, average absorbance percentage increased 3.96% from 92.4 into 95.68%, for x = 0.35 average percentage increased 7.07% into 89.45 from 83.55%. Furthermore, average absorbance of BST thin films at x = 0.45 increased 3.04% from 91.16 into 93.93% and x = 0.55 has
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