Judul: Performance Analysis of an Oil Spill Dispersant Product Made from Palm Surfactants for Handling Hydrocarbon Polluted Waters in Closed Systems
Abstrak: Pencemaran laut dapat diartikan sebagai adanya kotoran ataupun limbah yang masuk ke daerah laut dan mencemari lingkungan ekosistem laut tersebut. Secara umum, sumber pencemaran laut oleh tumpahan minyak bersumber dari aktivitas transportasi minyak, dan pemakaian bahan bakar produk minyak bumi. Dispersan adalah opsi penting untuk menanggapi tumpahan minyak di laut. Analisis kinerja produk OSD berbahan surfaktan sawit untuk penanganan pencemaran hidrokarbon dilakukan dengan membuat simulasi tumpahan minyak dalam sebuah wadah terkontrol menggunakan produk OSD Komersial X, OSD Komersial Y, Bio-OSD X, dan Bio-OSD Y dengan rasio pengenceran 1:20, 1:25, dan 1:30 yang meliputi parameter uji total suspended solids (TSS), pH, viskositas, dan densitas. Hasil kinerja produk terbaik yaitu pada produk Bio-OSD Y yang telah memenuhi standar mutu dan tidak mempengaruhi sifat air laut., Marine pollution can be interpreted as the presence of dirt or waste that enters the sea and pollutes the environment of the marine ecosystem. In general, sources of marine pollution from oil spills are the sources of oil transportation activities and the use of petroleum products as fuel. Dispersants are an important option in response to oil spills in the ocean. The performance analysis of palm-acting OSD products for the handling of hydrocarbon pollution is carried out by simulating an oil spill in a controlled container using Commercial X, Commercial Y, Bio-OSD X, and Bio-OSD Y products with a dilution ratio of 1:20, 1:25, and 1:30, which includes the test parameters of total suspended solids (TSS), pH, viscosity, and density. The best product performance results were Bio-OSD Y products that met quality standards and did not affect the properties of seawater.
Keyword: palm oil, oil spill, oil spill dispersant, surfactant

Judul: Dispersant effectiveness (DE) Test to determine the  Conformity of Bio-OSD Product Standards with  Applicable Regulations by Swirling Flask Test
Abstrak: Oil pollution in coastal areas due to oil spills was an environmental problem that needed to be anticipated. Since the role of a dispersant in the spill response was to intensify the process of dispersing oil in water with further stabilization of the resulting dispersions, its most important characteristic was the dispersing ability, essentially expressing the effectiveness of the dispersant. This capstone project aimed to determine the conformity of Bio-OSD product standards with applicable standards. The method used to test the effectiveness of dispersants was the swirling flask test. The dispersant effectiveness of Bio-OSD on Crude oil X, Y, and Z was 100%, 88.5%, and 82.3%, respectively. The dispersant effectiveness of Commercial OSD-X on Crude oil X, Y, and Z results was 39.8%, 49.9%, and 64.6%. It could be concluded that the effectiveness of the Bio-OSD product met the standards proposed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which were at least 45%.
Keyword: diethanolamide, methyl ester sulfonate, oil spill dispersant, palm oil,  surfactant, diethanolamide, methyl ester sulfonate, oil spill dispersant, palm oil, surfactant

Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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