Judul: Uji aktivitas anti lithiasis ekstrak etanol  daun alpukat (Persea Americana Mill)  pada tikus putih jantan
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas anti lithiasis dari ekstrak etanol daun alpukat (Persea americana Mill) pada tikus putih jantan model nefrolithiasis dengan induksi etilen glikol. Daun alpukat dipercaya masyarakat sebagai obat tradisional untuk mengatasi batu ginjal. Aktivitas anti lithiasis yang terdapat pada ekstrak etanol daun alpukat diperiksa dengan melihat daya hambatnya terhadap pembentukan kristal kalsium oksalat. Pada akhir perlakuan ginjal tikus diambil dan dianalisis kadar kalsium dan fosfornya. Parameter ginjal meliputi bobot ginjal dan rasio terhadap bobot badan tikus. Hasilnya menunjukan kadar kalsium pada kelompok tikus perlakuan secara signifikan lebih rendah dibandingkan kelompok tikus kontrol tanpa perlakuan (p < 0,05). Ini membuktikan ekstrak etanol daun alpukat dapat menjadi alternatif pengobatan batu ginjal. Kata kunci : Persea americana Mill; anti lithiasis; batu ginjal; etilen glikol.
Keyword: 

Judul: Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Daun  Alpukat (persea americana mill.) Terhadap aktivitas  Diuretik Tikus Putih Jantan Sprague-Dawley
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak etanol daun alpukat terhadap aktivitas diuretik. Penapisan fitokimia terhadap daun alpukat diperoleh bahan aktif yang terkandung adalah flavonoid, tanin dan kuinon. Sebanyak 25 ekor tikus putih jantan strain Sprague-Dawley dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok yaitu: kelompok normal yang diberi aquadest; kelompok kontrol positif yang diberi furosemid dosis 1.8 mg/kg bb; kelompok ekstrak etanol daun alpukat dosis 100 mg/kg bb; kelompok ekstrak etanol daun alpukat dosis 200 mg/kg bb; dan kelompok ekstrak etanol daun alpukat dosis 300 mg/kg bb. Metode yang digunakan adalah Lipschitz dengan cara mencekokan setiap bahan dengan dosis pemberian 1 ml/100 gram bb. Pengujian terhadap aktivitas diuretik dilakukan dengan melihat volume urin yang dikeluarkan selama 24 jam. Aktivitas diuretik meningkat pada pemberian ekstrak etanol daun alpukat. Ektrak etanol daun alpukat dosis 100 mg/kg bb menunjukan aktivitas diuretik yang paling optimum. Peningkatan dosis ekstrak etanol daun alpukat tidak menunjukan hasil yang lebih baik. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun alpukat meningkatkan aktivitas diuretik. Kata kunci: ekstrak, etanol, daun alpukat, aktivitas diuretik.
Keyword: 

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite