Judul: Model of policy implementation development of the use of pesticides on vegetable crops in the province of East Java
Abstrak: The use of pesticides by vegetable farmers is closely related to the policy that has been implemented by the government through Intergrated Pest Management (IPM) program since 1989. However, the fact in the field shows that the use of pesticides for vegetable crops is still high and has caused various negative effects on humans, plant pests and the environment. This study aimed to develop a strategy for policy implementation in the use of pesticides through a system modeling approach. The research was carried out in the main central areas of vegetables (shallots, peppers, cabbages and potatoes) in four regencies including Nganjuk, Kediri, Malang and Problinggo of East Java Province. The respondents were 112 field school of IPM and 112 non- field school of IPM farmers with a method of accidental sampling. There were 12 expert respondents taken from practitioners, bureaucracy and academicians using purposive sampling. The data processing and analysis were assisted by SPSS software, version 16 for Windows, version 2.5 c for powersim modeling system and strategy development with a prospective analysis. The research results showed that the success of policy implementation in pesticide use with indicator 5 (five) appropriate (PP No. 6 / 1995) was categorized inappropriate except for the right target at pest. By using a volume approach to pesticide use, the modeling behavior of a real system in the pesticide use by vegetable farmers was composed of 5 (five) submodels: (1) sub-model of planting area, (2) sub-model of pest attack, (3) sub-model of farmer human resource, (4) sub-model of promotional pressure and (5) sub-model of access to the availability of pesticides. Two factors that acted as input (driver) in the system behavior were found: (1) farmer human resource and (2) the role of officers. Three factors of stakes in the system were: (1) pest attack, (2) support of local government and (3) cross-sector cooperation. Three scenarios were found for the development of policy implementation in pesticide use including (1) pessimistic scenario, (2) moderate scenario, and (3) optimistic scenario. Based on the simulation results of using pesticide on the three scenarios until the year 2025, the final data of pesticides use were obtained as follows: pessimistic scenario was 53.338,7 tons, moderate scenario 32.634,84 tons and optimistic scenario 23.107,84 tons. Priority in the development of policy implementation in the use of pesticides is the empowerment of farmers through education and training, increased role of field officers supported by cross-sector coordination and pest control.
Keyword: policy implementation, pesticides, vegetable crops, East Java, Intergrated Pest Management

Judul: Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Tindakan Petani Sayuran dalam Penggunaan Pestisida di Kabupaten Pandeglang, Banten.
Abstrak: Pesticide is common techniques used by farmers to control plant pests and diseases. Improper and excessive uses of pesticides often occur in pesticide application due to low farmer’s knowledge and skill. The aim of this study was to obtain information and analyze of the knowledge, attitude, and practice of vegetable farmers in pesticide use in Pandeglang Regency, Banten. This study has been conducted by using direct survey using structured questionnaires to obtain a primary data, while secondary data was obtained from local government and literature study. The survey location was determined by purposive sampling. The number of respondents were 150 vegetables farmers. The data was presented descriptively and analyzed using the χ2 (chi-square) test to analyze the relationship between each characteristic tested. Knowledge, attitude, and practices of vegetable farmers in Jiput, Pulosari, and Menes districts showed some differences. Generally, the farmers at Pulosari district have low rational attitude in the use of pesticides compared with two other districts. Many factors influence the knowledge, attitude, and practices of vegetable farmers in three districts in the use of pesticides. Based on the analysis and relationship tests, factors of age and income of farmers showed influence unsignificantly compared with two other variables such as education and participation of farmers in farmer groups.
Keyword: knowledge, pesticides types, plant pests and diseases, vegetable farmer

Judul: Embriogenesis ikan buta (Astyanax fasciatus)
Abstrak: Ikan buta Astyanax fasciatus adalah spesies ikan unik dari famili Characidae yang menempati perairan dalam gua di Wilayah La Cueva Chica-San Luis Potasi-Mexico. Ikan ini memiliki mata yang tereduksi (Blind Cavefish) dan warna kulit merah muda, pucat serta mengkilap.
Keyword: