Judul: Exploration of  neozygitessp.  (zygomycotina: entomophthorales)  on carrot aphid,  green onion,  and  cucumber  at  Bogor
Abstrak: Kutudaun merupakan salah satu hama penting pada tanaman sayuran. Serangan kutudaun terlihat cukup tinggi pada tanaman wortel, bawang daun dan mentimun. Cendawan Entomothorales diketahui dapat menjadi penyebab patogen pada beberapa serangga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan menghitung tingkat infeksi Neozygites sp. (Zygomycotina: Entomothorales) pada kutudaun wortel, bawang daun dan mentimun di Bogor, Jawa Barat. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan bahan pertimbangan penggunaan cendawan tersebut sebagai agens pengendali hayati pada kutudaun. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Mei 2014 sampai Agusutus 2014. Pengambilan sampel kutudaun pada tanaman wortel dan bawang daun dilakukan di Desa Tugu Selatan, Cisarua, Bogor sedangkan pengambilan sampel kutudaun pada tanaman mentimun dilakukan di Desa Taman Sari, Taman Sari, Bogor. Pengambilan sampel kutudaun dilakukan seminggu 1 kali selama 4 minggu. Sampel kutu yang diperoleh dari lapang dimasukkan ke dalam alkohol 70%, selanjutnya sampel kutudaun dibuat preparat dengan larutan lactophenol-cottonblue. Preparat kutudaun diidentifikasi menggunakan mikroskop cahaya untuk mengetahui fase cendawan yang menginfeksi kutudaun yaitu hyphal bodies, primary conidia, secondary conidia, saprophytic fungi dan resting spores. Fase Neozygites sp. yang ditemukan adalah badan hifa, konidia primer, konidia sekunder dan cendawan saprofitik. Rata -rata tingkat infeksi tertinggi terjadi pada kutudaun mentimun sebesar (64.65%) dan rata-rata tingkat infeksi terendah terjadi pada kutudaun bawang daun sebesar (6.43%), Aphids are considered as ones of the important pests in vegetable crops. The aphid populations were relatively high on carrot, green onion and cucumber as well. Entomophthoralean fungi have been known as the pathogenic fungi in some insects. The objective of this research was to explore and determine the infection levels of Neozygites sp. (Zygomycotina: Entomothorales) on carrot aphid, green onion, and cucumber at Bogor. The results of this research can be considered to use these entomophthoralean fungus as one of biological control agents on aphids. The research was conducted from May until August 2014. The carrot aphids and the green onion aphids were sampled in Tugu Selatan village, Cisarua, Bogor. On the other hand, the cucumber aphids were sampled in Taman Sari village, Taman Sari, Bogor. Aphids were sampled 1 time weekly for 4 weeks. The samples were preserved in 30 ml screw cup vials filled with 70% alcohol. These were later will be processed in the laboratory to confirm presence of the fungi. Microscope slide squash mounts in lactophenol cotton blue were made for the aphids on each plant to determine if secondary conidia, hyphal bodies, conidiophores, primary conidia, and resting spores were present. The Neozygites sp. development stage were found on aphids were hyphal bodies, primary conidia, secondary conidia and saprophytic fungi. The highest fungus infection levels occurred on cucumber aphid (64.65%) and the lowest fungus infection levels occurred on green onion aphid (6.43%)
Keyword: agens pengendali hayati, entomophthorales, kutudaun, sayuran

Judul: Eksplorasi Cendawan Entomophthorales dan nematoda pada trips dan kutudaun pada tanaman mawar dan krisan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias Kabupaten Cianjur
Abstrak: Rose and chrysanthemum are two of the ornamental plants that have a high economic value in Indonesia. Thrips and aphid are important pests of these plants. Entomophthoralean fungus and nematode are potential biological control agents of thrips and aphid. There are no many reports of this fungus in Indonesia. The objective of this research was to explore Entomophthoralean fungus and nematode on both thrips and aphids at both roses and chrysanthemums in Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute (Balithi). The research was conducted from March 2012 to June 2012. Thrips and aphids were sampled from three blocks for each plant. Numbers of sampled plants for each block were 10 plants selected randomly. Thrips were sampled at one flower on each plant. Both thrips and aphid samples were put on alcohol 70% for the next experiment. Microscope slide squash mounts in lactophenol cotton blue were made for both thrips and aphids and each sampled insect was examined with a microscope to determine if secondary conidia, hyphal bodies, primary conidia, conidiophores, and resting spores were present. Primary conida, secondary conidia, and hyphal bodies are development stages of fungus were found in thrips. Primary conidia, conidiophores and hyphal bodies were found in aphid. Thrips populations on rose and chrysanthemum were not significantly different. However, fungus infection levels on thrips and aphid showed significant differences. During examination, nematodes were found in thrips on both roses and chrysanthemums. Nematode infection levels in thrips on roses were higher than those on chrysanthemums.
Keyword: 

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
Keyword: