Judul: A Taxonomic Revision of the . Important Commercial Timber Genus Hopea (Dipterocarpaceae) In Papuasia
Abstrak: This thesis presents a taxonomic revision of the genus Hopea in Papuasia. It is based on 314 collection number which are preserved in the Herbarium Bogoriense, Bogor (BO); Herbarium Manokwari, Cenderawasih University, Manokwari (MAN); The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K); The Natural Museum, London (BM), and the Rijksherbarium Leiden (L). The Leiden collections were loaned to Kew for this project. Papuasia has several local species both in Irian Jaya and in Papua New Guinea More detailed collecting will probably result in the collection of, as yet, undescribed taxa. Methods used follow the normal practice in herbarium taxonomy. Morphological characters, which have been used as the diagnostic taxonomic features, are used in evaluating the species of Hopea. Vegetative morphology: leaf shape, leaf base, leaf texture, number of main nerves, and petiole length; and floristic morphology. pedicel length, sepal shape, petal shape, pollen and fruit size, are the main characters used for determinating the species in the genus. There are thirteen species of Hopea in Papuasia (Irian Jaya and Papua New Guinea) but the genus is absent E. Papua New Guinea (Bismark Archipelago and Solomin isl.). In Papua New Guinea nine species are found: Hopea celtidifolia, H. forbesii, H. glabrifolia, H. iriana, H. novoguineensis, H. papuana, H. scabra, H. similis, and H. ultima. Twelve species are found in Irian Jaya Hopea aptera, Hopea celtidifolia, H. forbesii, H. glabrifolia, H. inexpectata, H. iriana, H. novoguineensis, H. papuana, H. scabra, H. similis, H. ultima, and Hopea microcarpa. Hopea novoguineensis is also found in the North Moluccas and the S.E. Celebes. The vegetative and floristic characters upon which the taxonomic revision is based use first discussed. This includes detailed studies on the leaf surfaces using the Scanning Electron Microscope and detail measurement of leaf morphology. The flowers were dicided and studied in detail. Pollen morphology was studied for several species but most anthers, when dissected, contained little pollen. Further collections well be required to be able to assess the significance of the variation observed in the pollen grains. Botanical description are included of all species with notes on the distribution ecology and a list of vernacular names given. A key is included to enable recognition of the species. All collections examined are listed in Appendix 1. of the collections are from Irian Jaya and from Papua New Guinea In the conclusion a several of studies are proposed to increase our knowledge of the taxonomy of Hopea in Irian Jaya and Papua New Guinea. dst ...
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Judul: A Monograph of the Genus Diplycosia (Ericaceae) in New Guinea
Abstrak: Diplycosia is an under-studied genus of Ericaceae, with a distribution confined almost to Malesia with most members are endemic to a single island or even a single mountain. New Guinea which, prior to this study, inhabited by 21 endemic species and once considered as one of the centres of diversity. Many species of Diplycosia in New Guinea are known only from limited collections: either only from the type specimens, or from only two or three specimens from a single or few locations; several have incomplete descriptions due to the absence of floral parts. Therefore, a taxonomic revision is needed for the genus Diplycosia in this island. Besides that, despite mostly being narrow endemic, 17 described species have not been evaluated for their IUCN conservation status which has become an obstacle for conservation actions. Therefore, an assessment is urgently required for the genus in New Guinea. A morphological species concept was used in this revision, and specimens were studied from various herbaria either directly or from digital resources: Australian National Herbarium (CANB), Harvard University (A), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (P), Naturalis History Museum Firenze (FI), Naturalis Leiden (L), Papua New Guinea Forest Research Institute (LAE), PT Freeport Indonesia (tentatively as FRE), Research Center for Biology Indonesia Institute of Sciences (BO), Royal Botanic Gardens Kew (K), and Universitas Papua (MAN). Field explorations were carried out in Indonesian New Guinea, including Birds Head Peninsula and Mount Jaya area. An observation on qualitative anatomical characters of leaf epidermis was done in eight species. Assessment of conservation status was based on IUCN Red List guideline including range sizes calculated using GeoCAT using data sourced from herbarium specimens, literature and recently gathered data from the field exploration. A total number of 26 endemic species are accepted in New Guinea. Four new species are described namely Diplycosia elegans Mustaqim, Utteridge & Heatubun, D. hexamera Mustaqim, Utteridge & Heatubun, Diplycosia puradyatmikai Mustaqim, Utteridge & Heatubun, Diplycosia reticulifolia Mustaqim, Utteridge & Heatubun, together with a variety Diplycosia lorentzii var. acuminata Mustaqim, Utteridge & Heatubun. Diplycosia morobeensis var. ovatifolia Sleumer is reduced to a synonym of Diplycosia morobeensis Sleumer. Based on our current result, a higher number of species was reported from the western half of the island compared to the eastern half. So far, the central part of New Guinea from Jayawijaya Mountains east to the mountains near Indonesia and PNG border is an area with the highest diversity despite being poorly explored. The geographical range of the species varies from widespread species, found across the island, to very narrow endemics, some even restricted to a single mountain complex or a single locality. New Guinean Diplycosia grows as epiphytes or a terrestrial shrubs in mostly the mossy forests upwards to alpine vegetation. The elevation range from 800 in Wandammen Peninsula for D. kosteri and 4000 m in Mount Giluwe for D. rupicola and D. morobeensis. Seven species are known to inhabit alpine vegetation in New Guinea including the new species D. elegans. From this study, we recorded two new important information in the generic character of Diplycosia. It has been
Keyword: conservation status, East Malesia, epiphyte, Ericaceae, new species, taxonomy

Judul: Pembuatan diskrimininator berbasis mikrokondtroler AT89c52 yang dikendalikan PC untuk dirapkan pada sistem pencacah radiasi
Abstrak: Manusia selalu mencari kemudahan dan kepraktisan dalam melakukan pekerjaan. Hal ini dilakukan agar pekerjaan menjadi lebih efisien. Dalam bidang pengukuran radiasi secara konvensional masih banyak penggunaan peralatan elektronik analog, seperti potensiometer. Sehingga setiap data dihasilkan oleh alat ukur yang dikontol secara manual, bagi orang awam hal itu sangat sulit karena dia harus tahu fungsi tombol-tombol yang terdapat pada alat ukur tersebut dan juga dengan bertambah usia komponen tersebut akan mudah aus atau rusak. Untuk itu maka dikembangkan penggunaan PC sebagai pengontrol alat ukur radiasi. Sehingga pengaturan secara konvensional menggunakan komponen elektronika seperti potensiometer dapat digantikan fungsinya oleh PC. Selain itu dipilihnya PC, karena setiap orang dapat mudah menggunakannya. PC akan memberikan pulsa untuk kemudian diubah menjadi sinyal linear, sinyal linear tersebut akan menjadi input bagi alat ukur. Dari hasil penelitian ini berhasil membuat diskriminator berbasis mikrokontroler AT89C52 yang dikendalikan PC untuk digunakan pada sistem pencacah radiasi. Dengan spesifikasi sebagai berikut rentang diskriminator antara 0 sampai 10 V dengan mode normal atau integral, skala perubahan terkecil alat diskriminator adalah 0,1 V, dikendalikan oleh PC dengan komunikasi serial, lebar pulsa logika keluaran diskriminator 40 us. Software yang digunakan pada alat diskriminator ini adalah Bascom dan Visual Basic. Software Bascom digunakan pada mikrokontroler AT89C52 sedangkan Visual Basic digunakan pada PC. Dengan adanya alat ini maka pulsa keluaran dari pulser dapat diseleksi sesuai dengan level energi yang diinginkan.
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