Judul: Beef Cattle Marketing Strategy in the Cattle  Business Group in Kokarlian Village, West Sumbawa Regency
Abstrak: Kelompok usaha ternak merupakan suatu kelompok bertujuan untuk memudahkan dalam memberikan bantuan kepada para peternak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi segmentasi, target, positioning yang diterapkan Kelompok Hewan Ternak Budi Sari, menganalisis faktor-faktor internal dan eksternal yang mendukung strategi pemasaran pada Kelompok Hewan Ternak Budi Sari, memberi rekomendasi strategi pemasaran yang tepat untuk diimplementasikan pada kelompok hewan ternak budi sari. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Alat analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis SWOT (Strengths Weakness Opportunities Threats) dan Analytical Hierarchy Proccess (AHP). Hasil menunjukan bahwa alternatif strategi untuk Kelompok Hewan Ternak Budi Sari adalah meningkatkan pemasaran melalu media sosial, media cetak dan memanfaatkan perkembangan teknologi dan informasi yang ada serta membentuk kerja sama dengan Kelompok Wanita Tani untuk membentuk produk baru dari olahan sapi., The livestock business group is a group aimed at making it easier to provide assistance to farmers. The objectives of this study are identifying segmentation, target, positioning applied by Budi Sari Livestock Group, analyse the internal and external factors that support the marketing strategy of the Budi Sari Livestock Group, provide recommendations for the right marketing strategy to be implemented at the Budi Sari Livestock Group. The types and sources of data used in this research are primary data and secondary data. The data analysis tools used are Strengths Weakness Opportunities Threats analysis (SWOT) and Analytical Hierarchy Proccess (AHP). The results show that the alternative strategy for the Budi Sari Livestock Group is to increase marketing through social media, print media and utilise the development of technology and information available and form cooperation with the Women Farmers Group to form new products from processed cattle.
Keyword: AHP, SWOT analysis, Livestock Group, Marketing, STP

Judul: Marketing Analysis of Fresh Milk in Independent Sejahtera Livestock Group Cijeruk Area Bogor Regency
Abstrak: Pengembangan subsektor peternakan khususnya ternak perah sangat potensial, salah satu ternak perah yang potensial untuk dikembangkan adalah sapi perah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sistem tataniaga susu sapi di Kelompok Ternak Mandiri Sejahtera Cijeruk Bogor yang meliputi saluran tataniaga, fungsi tataniaga, dan struktur pasar . Penentuan sampel peternak dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling dengan melibatkan peternak sejumlah 20 peternak sapi perah yang berada di kawasan Kelompok Ternak Mandiri Sejahtera Cijeruk Bogor. Lembaga-lembaga tataniaga yang terlibat dan berperan dalam saluran pemasaran susu sapi segar yaitu peternak, kelompok pengumpulan susu, perusahaan, loper dan usaha pengolahan susu yang ditentukan berdasarkan hasil dari observasi lapang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdapat 5 saluran tataniaga di Kelompok Ternak Mandiri Sejahtera. Peternak yang ada di Kelompok Ternak Mandiri Sejahtera dominan memasarkan susu melalui kelompok. Saluran tataniaga paling efesien adalah saluran yang memiliki biaya pemasaran sebesar Rp.0 dengan hasil farmer,’s share 100% yaitu peternak menjual susu segar langsung ke konsumen (jalur tataniaga terpendek)., The development of livestock subsector especially dairy livestock is very potential, one of the potential dairy livestock to be developed is dairy cows. This study aims to analyze the cattle milk trading system in Mandiri Sejahtera Livestock Group Cijeruk Bogor which includes the trading channel, trading function, and market structure. Determination of farmer samples was carried out using purposive sampling technique involving 20 dairy farmers in the Mandiri Sejahtera Cijeruk Livestock Group area in Bogor. The trading institutions involved and play a role in the fresh cow's milk marketing channel are farmers, milk collection groups, companies, brokers and milk processing businesses which are determined based on the results of field observations. Based on the results of the study there are 5 trade channels in the Mandiri Sejahtera Livestock Group. Farmers in the Mandiri Sejahtera Livestock Group dominantly market milk through the group. The most efficient trade channel is the channel that has a marketing cost of Rp.0 with the result of farmer's share of 100%, namely farmers selling fresh milk directly to consumers (shortest trade channel).
Keyword: Dairy Cows, Fresh Milk, Commerce

Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell