Judul: Uji Efektivitas Minyak Atsiri Kunyit dan Cengkeh dalam Penghambatan Patogen Botryodiplodia sp. secara In Vitro
Abstrak: Kunyit dan cengkeh merupakan tanaman rempah-rempah yang banyak ditemukan di Indonesia dan didalamnya terkandung senyawa antifungi berupa minyak atsiri. Minyak atsiri ini sangat menarik untuk dikaji sebagai pestisida nabati yang lebih aman bagi lingkungan dan manusia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji tingkat keefektifan minyak atsiri kunyit dan cengkeh terhadap pertumbuhan Botryodiplodia sp. secara in vitro. Pengujian ini menggunakan konsentrasi 2%, 4% dan 6% pada perlakuan minyak atsiri kunyit, cengkeh dan kombinasi kunyit dan cengkeh dalam media PDA dan PDB. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan jenis minyak dan konsentrasi memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap penghambatan Botryodiplodia sp. pada media PDA sedangkan pengaruh interaksi tidak berbeda nyata pada media PDB. Campuran minyak kunyit dan cengkeh konsentrasi 6% memperoleh penghambatan tertinggi baik terhadap diameter maupun biomassanya. Faktor beragamnya bahan aktif maupun banyaknya bahan aktif mempengaruhi peningkatan keefektifan pengendalian cendawan patogen Botryodiplodia sp.
Keyword: ar-tumerone, Botryodiplodia sp., eugenol, minyak atsiri, terpen

Judul: Pengaruh Minyak Atsiri Serai Wangi dan Nilam pada Pertumbuhan Patogen Botryodiplodia sp. Secara In Vitro
Abstrak: Patogen Botryodiplodia sp. merupakan cendawan penyebab penyakit mati pucuk dan busuk batang yang menyerang khususnya tanaman kehutanan. Pengendalian yang digunakan di lapangan yaitu menggunakan pestisida kimia yang berbahaya bagi lingkungan sekitar maupun bagi tanaman itu sendiri, sehingga perlu adanya alternatif lain yaitu menggunakan minyak atsiri serai wangi dan nilam yang memiliki kandungan antimikroba di dalamnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh minyak atsiri serai wangi dan nilam dalam menghambat pertumbuhan patogen Botryodiplodia sp. secara in vitro. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan memberikan minyak atsiri serai wangi, nilam dan kombinasi kedua minyak dengan konsentrasi masing - masing perlakuan yaitu kontrol, 1%, 5% dan 10% pada media PDA dan PDB yang selanjutkan dilakukan pengamatan secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan nilam 10% memiliki nilai hambat paling tinggi pada media PDA dan PDB. Nilai hambat terendah terdapat pada perlakuan serai wangi 1%. Tingkat konsentrasi, jenis minyak, dan bahan aktif yang terkandung pada minyak merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi peningkatan keefektifan dalam pengendalian patogen Botryodiplodia sp., The botryodiplodia sp. pathogen is a fungus that causes an dieback and stem rot diseases that attack mainly forestry plants. Control in the field uses chemical pesticides that are harmful to both the environment and the plants themselves, providing an alternative to the use of citronella and patchouli oil containing the antimicrobial contents. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of citronella and patchouli oils inhibit the growth of Botryodiplodia sp pathogens. The method was to adding citronella oil ,patchouli oils and a combination of both oils with a concentrated treatment of control, 1%, 5% and 10% of the on PDA and PDB that followed macroscopic and microscopic observations. Research shows that 10% of the patchouli treatment has the highest rate of restraint on PDA and PDB. The lowest value of inhibition is in the 1% of citronella treatment. The concentration, the type of oil, and the active ingredients found in oil are factors that effect the increased effectiveness in the control of the Botryodiplodia sp pathogens.
Keyword: antifungal, Botryodiplodia sp., Citronella, In Vitro, Patchouli

Judul: The Construction of Greedy SVP LLL Algorithm
Abstrak: A lattice is a set of all integer linear combination of a set of linearly independent vectors in ℝ𝑛���. The independent vectors are called bases of lattice. Any lattice can be generated from many bases, and these bases have the same cardinality. In the lattice, the most fundamental and renowned problem is the Shortest Vector Problem (SVP). SVP is a tracking problem of the shortest nonzero vector in a lattice with equivalent bases. In two dimensions, SVP problem has resolved exactly by Gauss’ algorithm. When the lattice dimension is higher than two, A.K. Lenstra, H.W. Lenstra and L. Lovasz gave a LLL algorithm to compute approximation of nonzero shortest vector in the lattice. Reduced bases solution obtained from LLL algorithm still be an approximation and has polynomial running time of arbitrary dimension which large enough. In 1994, Schnoor and Euchner modified this LLL algorithm as a new variant which later was named deep insertion LLL algorithm. This algorithm is a modified version of the LLL algorithm to the terms of the exchange step to improve the accuracy of output of LLL reduced bases and applying it to the subset sum problem. The purpose of this research are: (1) Reconstruct the LLL algorithm and deep insertion LLL algorithm using a geometric approach. (2) Construct a greedy SVP LLL algorithm. (3) Implement the three algorithms in a symbolic programming language, and evaluate them experimentally. A bases ℬ=[𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑛���] in ℝ𝑚��� is called reduced LLL with parameter 𝛿��� if satisfies: (a) |𝜇���𝑗���𝑖���|≤12, for every integer 𝑖���,𝑗��� with 1≤𝑖���<𝑗���<𝑛���. (b)𝛿���‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���)‖2≤‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���+1)‖2, for 𝑗���=1,2,…,𝑛���−1,where 𝛿��� is a reduced parameter of real numbers with 14<𝛿���<1. The first requirement is the reduced basis 𝛿��� must “nearly orthogonal” and in its computation case, this requirement can be reached out by using the Gram-Schmidt’s orthogonalization. While the second requirement is called exchange step, or used to called as Lovasz condition. By using both of these requirements, then they establish the LLL algorithm. Then, Schnoor and Euchner modify the LLL algorithm based on the requirements of the exchange step called the deep insertion LLL algorithm, where the exchange step is based on the comparison of the projected vector in orthogonal complement [𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑘���−1]⊥ after j-th reduction. To construct greedy SVP LLL algorithm, the requirements of the exchange step is based on purely by comparing norm of lattice 𝐛���𝑗��� with norm lattice 𝐛���𝑖��� for 𝑖���=1,2,3…,𝑗���−1. The process of insertion reduced vector after the exchange step also has done greedily. Then, we calculate the number of arithmetic operation in greedy SVP LLL algorithm for further analysis. The result of our exprimentation for three algorithms on the certain matrix size shows that the running time of the three algorithms increases propotional to the size of the matrix. The result also shows that by using 𝛿���=34 for the LLL algorithm and the deep insertion LLL algorithm, and the greedy SVP LLL algorithm which is a new variant made by using no parameter of 𝛿���, outperform of the other of two previous algorithm in terms of speed with the same output.
Keyword: LLL algorithm, LLL deep insertion algorithm, greedy SVP LLL algorithm