Judul: Formulasi Surfaktan Metil Ester Sulfonat (MES) untuk Acid Stimulation Agent pada Lapangan Sandstone (Studi Kasus: Lapangan B)
Abstrak: Reservoir productivity normally declines with producing time or may be low initially. Acid stimulation is a method to increase the productivity of oil and gas wells. For sandstone field, hidrofluoride acid (HF) and some additives are ussually used as the solution for an acid stimulation agent. Methyl ester sulfonate (MES) can be used as one of the additives. MES for acid stimulation methods have a role to reduce the interfacial tension and modify wettability of the reservoir rock oil-wet to water-wet. The objective of this research is to obtain a formula with the best concentrations of MES or SMES that can reduce interfacial tension and combined with HF at various concentrations to enlarge rock pores. The best formula will be employed for futher testing in the laboratory. The performance tests included were thermal stability test, phase behavior and wettability. The best formula found for acid stimulation agent is surfactant MES 3% with addition of HF 9%. The results of performance test indicated that the thermal stability test at 80 0C can dissolves rocks up to 77.48% and have increased contact angle. For wettability test, the result obtained of the five treatments are that the contact angel increase significantly although more than 90 º. While the results of the phase behavior test was known that phase formed was in top phase or type II (+).
Keyword: methyl ester sulfonate, Acid stimulation agent

Judul: Formulasi Surfaktan SMES sebagai Acid Stimulation Agent untuk Aplikasi di Lapangan Karbonat OK
Abstrak: Methyl Sulfonic Esters (MES) is one type of anionic surfactants which have advantages in terms of its hardness, resistance to deterjensi, the character of renewable and environmentally friendly. Excess MES this can be utilized as stimulation agent in oil wells, so can increase productivity an oil well. Increased productivity an oil well done by means of cleaning oil wells and pore a reservoir fromsediment of scale formed, enlarging the pores of rocks and can changing the nature of rocks being water-wet. This research was carried out to obtain the formula of solution of surfactants-based MES that can be applied as acid stimulation agent that is one method of IOR. Formula tested is a combination of surfactants sodium MES, HCl, and CH3COOH. The formulation is done by determining the optimum concentration of surfactant SMES and HCl gradually. The best results obtained from the solution of acid stimulation agent was with value of IFT < 10-2 dyne/cm with solubility of rock reaches 36%, and was can to change the contact angle of the reservoir rocks of the contact angle number 420 became 680 in formula SMES 6% + HCl 7% and CH3COOH 2%.
Keyword: acid well stimulation, IOR, IFT, Sodium Methyl Sulfonic Esters

Judul: Biologi parasitoid telur Trichogramma sp. (Hym. : Trichogrammatidae) dan Telenomus sp. (Hym. : Scelionidae) pada penggerek padi kuning Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) (Lep. : pyralidae)
Abstrak: Penggerek padi kuning merupakan salah satu hana utama tanaman padi. Ada tiga jenis parasitoid telur penggerek padi kuning di Indonesia yaitu: Trichogramma japonicum Ashm. (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), Telenomus rowani (Gahan) (Hymenoptera Scelionidae) dan Tetrastichus schoenobii Ferr. parasitoid telur Trichogramma sp. dan Telenomus sp. sangat penting untuk adalah diketahui. Aspek biologi yang diteliti : preferensi parasitoid pada berbagai umur telur penggerek padi kuning; siklus hidup parasitoid; kemampuan bertelur parasitoid pada telur yang sesuai; preferensi parasitoid pada berbagai kelompok telur,. serta superparasitisme dan parasitisme ganda. Juga dilakukan pengamatan lapangan untuk mengetahui komposisi parasitoid telur penggerek padi kuning di lapangan. ..dst
Keyword: Trichogramma, Telenomus, Hymenoptera