Judul: Kajian Efektivitas Asam Askorbat dan Lidah Buaya untuk menghambat Pencokelatan pada Buah Potong Apel Malang
Abstrak: Enzymatic browning is a chemical process by phenolic compounds that produce brown-color of several cut fruits. The aim of this study was to observe the effectiveness of ascorbic acid and aloe vera to prevent enzymatic browning of Malang Apple as cut fruits. Rome Beauty cultivar of Malang apples were carefully prepared in this study. Fast cutting and peeling was conducted in order to minimize the oxidation occured to apple slices. Apple slices then dipped in 1% ascorbic acid solution, 3% ascorbic acid solution, 5% aloe vera solution, and 10% aloe vera solution for 2 minutes respectively. A group of apple slice did not receive any dipping treatment and used as control and used as control treatment. Several physical properties test were conducted to observe the effect of given treatments. Result showed that dipping treatments can prevent rapid PPO enzyme oxidation process. Based on the physical property parameters, ascorbic acid was the effective solution that can prevent rapid browning of apple slices and the optimum storage time was 2 days.
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Judul: Pengaruh Pengolahan terhadap Kadar Vitamin C serta Kandungan dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Apel (Malus sylvestris Mill) Varietas Rome Beauty
Abstrak: Buah Apel mengandung beberapa senyawa fitokimia serta vitamin C yang berfungsi sebagai antioksidan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh pengolahan terhadap kadar vitamin C serta kandungan dan aktivitas antioksidan apel (Malus sylvestris Mill) varietas Rome Beauty dan produk olahannya. Sampel yang digunakan yaitu buah apel, sari apel, dodol apel, dan keripik apel dipilih secara purposive di Kota Batu, serta jus apel yang diolah sendiri. Analisis yang dilakukan yaitu proksimat pada buah apel meliputi kadar air dan abu metode gravimetri (AOAC 2005), kadar lemak metode soxhlet (AOAC 2005), kadar protein metode kjeldahl (AOAC 2005), dan karbohidrat by difference (AOAC 2005), serta kadar vitamin C (metode titimetri dengan larutan dye), kandungan antioksidan (secara kualitatif menggunakan metode KLT), serta aktivitas antioksidan metode DPPH (IC50 dan AEAC) pada semua sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan buah apel mengandung kadar air 87.54%, kadar abu 0.89%, kadar lemak 0.13%, kadar protein 0.31%, dan karbohidrat 11.13%. Hasil uji beda Analisis perbedaan menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang siginifikan pada kadar vitamin C antar sampel (p<0.05). Buah apel mengandung vitamin C tertinggi, sementara dodol dan keripik apel mengandung vitamin C terendah. Terdapat pigmen berwarna merah-jingga (flavonoid) pada buah apel dan kuning-jingga (karoten) pada jus, dodol, dan sari apel. Nilai Rf berbeda-beda untuk setiap sampel tergantung pada jenis senyawa dalam sampel. Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak kasar apel, jus, dodol, dan sari apel tergolong lemah (nilai IC50 tinggi), aktivitas antioksidan sari apel 9.8 ppm ekivalen asam askorbat.
Keyword: antioksidan, apel Rome Beauty, kadar vitamin C, nilai IC50, nilai Rf

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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