Judul: Analisis Sidik Jari DNA Padi Beras Merah, Padi Aromatik, dan Padi Genjah
Abstrak: Rice is one of major crops comodities with a high fenotype diversity. It can be divided into 3 cluster, red rice, aromatic rice, and genjah rice. The differences between those cluster, can be seen from fenotype and genotype of each variety using molecular markers based on gene. The objective of this research is to identify the specific character of red rice, aromatic rice, and genjah rice and the genetic diversity using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) molecular markers. Material genetic from rice was isolated using isolation DNA standard method, break the cell wall, expel parts of the cell, and precipitate the DNA parts (Sambrook method), and then the isolate was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification procedure. Subsequently, analysis by association, evolution, and linkage (TASSEL) software was used for data processing. Genetic variation is based on the result of DNA amplification using PCR process from rice variety used. The results of this research showed the variation of DNA bands from 100 bp until 350 bp of red rice, aromatic rice, and genjah rice varies, also there is association between fenotype and genotype of variety in cluster. TASSEL was used to obtain description of variety and produced a dendrogram that show us the variety type of those variety, also which variety and markers has a significant result in amplification procedure.
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Judul: Keragaman Genetik Padi Warna (Oryza sativa L.) berdasarkan Karakter Morfo-agronomis dan Penanda SSR
Abstrak: Karakter morfo-agronomis dan penanda SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) digunakan untuk mempelajari keragaman genetik padi warna lokal Indonesia. Dari data karakter morfo-agronomis dan penanda SSR dilakukan analisis asosiasi untuk mendeteksi penanda SSR yang diduga potensial berasosiasi signifikan dengan karakter morfo-agronomis padi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh informasi keragaman genetik 93 aksesi padi warna lokal berdasarkan karakter morfo-agronomis dan penanda SSR, serta memperoleh informasi penanda SSR yang berasosiasi signifikan dengan karakter morfo-agronomis padi. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Agustus 2020 hingga bulan Januari 2021 di rumah kaca Cikemeuh, BB Biogen, Bogor dan di Laboratorium Biologi Molekuler BB Biogen, Bogor. Materi genetik yang digunakan berjumlah 93 aksesi padi warna lokal Indonesia. Percobaan disusun berdasarkan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) faktor tunggal dengan 93 aksesi padi yang masing-masing diulang sebanyak tiga ulangan. Pengamatan karakter morfo-agronomis dilakukan berdasarkan panduan Sistem Karakterisasi dan Evaluasi Tanaman Padi dan Panduan Pelaksanaan Uji (PPU) BUSS PPVTPP untuk tanaman padi. Analisis molekuler berdasarkan penanda SSR dilakukan menggunakan 24 penanda SSR yang tersebar dalam 12 kromosom. Data dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak SAS, PBSTAT-CL, Gel Analyzer, PowerMarker, DARwin, Structure, dan TASSEL. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan, terdapat keragaman yang cukup luas pada karakter morfo-agronomis padi warna lokal Indonesia, meliputi karakter kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Pada seluruh karakter kuantitatif, hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa genotipe berpengaruh sangat nyata pada taraf 1%. Pada karakter kualitatif, terdapat variasi yang lengkap menurut deskriptor tanaman padi untuk karakter warna telinga daun, warna pelepah daun, permukaan daun, sudut daun bendera, sudut batang, ketegaran batang, tipe malai, tipe cabang malai sekunder, keluarnya malai, kerontokan, dan warna antosianin pada jalur sekam. Sementara itu, untuk analisis pengelompokan berdasarkan karakter morfo-agronomis menghasilkan tiga kelompok utama. Keragaman berdasarkan karakteristik 24 penanda SSR menunjukkan 16 penanda SSR yang digunakan bersifat sangat informatif dan bermanfaat untuk membedakan genotipe padi. Berdasarkan penanda SSR, rata-rata jumlah alel, frekuensi alel mayor, keragaman gen, heterozigositas, dan nilai PIC berturut-turut adalah 8,91, 0,34, 0,77, 0,02, dan 0,73. Hasil analisis pengelompokan berdasarkan penanda SSR menghasilkan tiga kelompok utama, hasil tersebut didukung dengan hasil analisis struktur populasi yang menggambarkan perkiraan keanggotaan setiap aksesi menjadi dua kelompok utama dan satu kelompok campuran. Hasil analisis asosiasi karakter morfo-agronomis dan penanda SSR adalah terdapat 14 dari 24 penanda SSR berasosiasi pada nilai p<0,001.
Keyword: bank gen pertanian, padi warna, keragaman genetik, bank gen pertanian, padi warna, keragaman genetik

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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