Judul: Community Participation Model in Macroplastic Waste Management in the Cikapundung River, Bandung District, West Java Province
Abstrak: Sungai Citarum merupakan salah satu sungai yang mengalami pencemaran akibat penumpukan sampah di aliran sungainya. Sumber masukan sampah terbesar diduga berasal dari anak sungai Citarum yaitu Sungai Cikapundung. Pertambahan penduduk, perubahan pola konsumsi masyarakat, dan letak sungai yang melewati wilayah perkotaan berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan volume, jenis, dan karakteristik sampah. Tujuan dari penelitian yaitu mengidentifikasi jenis sampah makroplastik yang mencemari Sungai Cikapundung, menentukan faktor yang memengaruhi pengelolaan sampah dan partisipasi masyarakat sehingga dapat memberikan manfaat untuk rekomendasi pengelolaan sampah. Penelitian dilakukan di hilir Sungai Cikapundung dan pemukiman masyarakat di Kecamatan Bojongsoang, Kecamatan Dayeuhkolot, dan Kecamatan Baleendah. Pengambilan data mengenai sampah makroplastik menggunakan metode Frame Pocket Net (FPN) yang diturunkan ke aliran sungai selama 15-30 menit. Data yang diperoleh adalah sampah makroplastik yang terjaring sebanyak 11 jenis, yaitu sampah kemasan plastik bening, kemasan plastik tanpa aluminium, kemasan plastik beraluminium, kantong plastik, gelas, plastik tebal, botol minum, punting rokok, styrofoam, sedotan, dan sampah lainnya. Jumlah makroplastik yang paling banyak ditemukan yaitu jenis kantung plastik dan kemasan. Jumlah timbulan sampah makroplastik tertinggi terdapat pada Bulan Agustus sebanyak 58.835 sampah/jam. Pengujian data sosial dilakukan dengan metode statistik Structural Equation Modeling – Partial Least Square menggunakan software SmartPLS 4.0. Hasil analisis model partisipasi masyarakat pada Kecamatan Bojongsoang, Kecamatan Dayeuhkolot, dan Kecamatan Baleendah menunjukkan hasil yang relatif sama yaitu variabel pengurangan sampah memberikan kontribusi yang kecil terhadap pengelolaan sampah. Variabel penanganan sampah dan pengaruh dari faktor eksternal memberikan kontribusi yang besar terhadap pengelolaan sampah. Pengelolaan sampah di Kecamatan Bojongsoang memberikan dampak sebesar 65.8%, di Kecamatan Dayeuhkolot sebesar 19.9%, dan di Kecamatan Baleendah sebesar 33.4%. Kegiatan penanganan sampah dan peran dari faktor eksternal memberikan pengaruh terhadap pengelolaan sampah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, pengelolaan sampah dapat difokuskan di titik-titik sumber sampah seperti kegiatan pasar dan pemukiman masyarakat., The Citarum River is one of the rivers that experience pollution due to the accumulation of rubbish in its river flow. The largest source of waste input is thought to come from a tributary of the Citarum River, namely the Cikapundung River. Population growth, changes in people's consumption patterns, and the location of rivers that pass through urban areas have an influence on increasing the volume, type, and characteristics of waste. The aim of the research is to identify the types of macroplastic waste that pollute the Cikapundung River, and determine the factors that influence waste management and community participation so that it can provide benefits for waste management recommendations. The research was conducted downstream of the Cikapundung River and in community settlements in Bojongsoang District, Dayeuhkolot District, and Baleendah District. Data collection regarding macroplastic waste uses the Frame Pocket Net (FPN) method which is lowered into the river flow for 15-30 minutes. The data obtained was 11 types of macroplastic waste that were netted, clear plastic bags, plastic pack without aluminum, plastic pack with alluminium, plastic bags, plastic cups, thick plastic, drinking bottles, cigarette butts, styrofoam, straws, and other waste. The most common types of macroplastics are plastic bags and packaging. The highest amount of macroplastic waste generation was in August at 58.835 waste/hour. Social data testing was carried out using the Structural Equation
Keyword: Waste, Macroplastics, Reduce, Handling, Management

Judul: The Characteristics of Types of Plastic Packaging Waste in the Upstream Segment of the Citarum River, Bandung, West Java
Abstrak: Sungai Citarum merupakan salah satu sungai terbesar di Jawa Barat yang memiliki banyak fungsi, namun memiliki permasalahan baik dalam kualitas air, pencemaran logam berat, juga pencemaran sampah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis karakteristik jenis sampah plastik kemasan di segmen hulu Sungai Citarum (hilir Sungai Cikapundung dan Nanjung), Bandung, Jawa Barat serta dampaknya ke perairan. Pengambilan contoh dilakukan di hilir Sungai Cikapundung, Kecamatan Bojongsoang dan Jembatan Nanjung, Desa Nanjung, pada bulan April hingga November 2021. Sampel sampah plastik kemasan dianalisis berdasarkan bobot dan kelimpahannya berdasarkan jenis plastiknya. Uji statistik Mann-Whitney digunakan untuk mengetahui beda nyata sampah kemasan yang ditemukan antara kedua stasiun dan Uji Kruskal Wallis untuk mengetahui pengaruh waktu pengambilan contoh. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan jenis sampah plastik kemasan pada kedua stasiun didominasi oleh jenis PP (Polypropylene) dan jenis lainnya. Selain itu, jenis PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) juga dominan ditemukan pada Stasiun Cikapundung, serta jenis PS (Polystyrene) pada Stasiun Nanjung. Sampah plastik tersebut bersifat toksik dan karsinogenik yang akan menurunkan kualitas perairan serta berbahaya bagi biota perairan., Citarum River is one of the largest rivers in West Java which has many functions, but has problems both in water quality, heavy metal pollution, and garbage pollution. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the characteristics of the types of plastic packaging waste in the upstream segment of the Citarum River (downstream of the Cikapundung and Nanjung Rivers), Bandung, West Java and their impact on the waters. Sampling was carried out in the downstream of the Cikapundung River, Bojongsoang District and Nanjung Bridge, Nanjung Village, from April to November 2021. Samples of plastic packaging waste were analyzed based on their weight and abundance based on the type of plastic. The Mann-Whitney statistical test was used to determine the significant difference in packaging waste found between the two stations and the Kruskal Wallis test to determine the effect of sampling time. The results obtained show that the type of plastic packaging waste at both stations is dominated by PP (Polypropylene) other types. Furthermore, the type of PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) is also dominantly found at Cikapundung Station, and PS (Polystyrene) at Nanjung Station. The plastic waste is toxic and carcinogenic which will reduce water quality and be harmful to aquatic biota.
Keyword: plastic packaging waste, rivers pollution, toxic compounds, types of plastic

Judul: Penentuan Nilai Eigen dan Vektor Eigen dari Matriks Tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz dengan Pendekatan Polinomial Chebyshev
Abstrak: The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a matrix can be determined by finding its characteristic polynomials. The characteristic polynomials of a tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz matrix is shown to be closely connected to polynomials which satisfy the Chebyshev recurrence relationship. If the order of the matrix is odd, then the eigenvalues are found explicitly in terms of the Chebyshev zeros and the eigenvectors are found in terms of the polynomials satisfying the recurrence relationship. For even ordered matrices, the situation is more complicated. The problem in these cases is that although the Chebyshev recurrence formula is still applied, its initial values are not generating Chebyshev polynomials
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