Judul: Mosquito Community in Primate (Tarsius sp.) Captivity and The Potential for Mosquito-Borne Disease Based Zoonoses
Abstrak: Monitoring dan surveilans ektoparasit khususnya nyamuk pada penangkaran satwa primata menjadi penting dalam upaya konservasi. Nyamuk merupakan salah satu ektoparasit yang berperan sebagai vektor berbagai macam jenis penyakit zoonosis seperti Dengue, Zika, Japanese encephalitis, Rift Valley fever, filariasis dan lainnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ragam spesies nyamuk dan fluktuasinya serta potensi nyamuk sebagai vektor virus Dengue (DENV) di sekitar kandang tarsius yang ada di laboratorium hewan konservasi PSSP IPB. Koleksi nyamuk dilakukan dari bulan Februari-April 2020 menggunakan light trap dan sweep net setiap dua jam dari pukul 18.00-06.00 WIB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 4 jenis nyamuk yang tertangkap di sekitar kandang tarsius yaitu Aedes albopictus, Culex quinquefasciatus, Armigeres subalbatus dan Armigeres foliatus. Spesies nyamuk dominan adalah Armigeres subalbatus (62.11%) dan Aedes albopictus (41.61%). Deteksi keberadaan virus Dengue (DENV) dilakukan dengan menggunakan Reverse Transcriptase Realtime Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT- qPCR) terhadap nyamuk Aedes albopictus dan Armigeres subalbatus. Hasil deteksi Aedes albopictus dan Armigeres subalbatus terhadap keberadaan virus Dengue (DENV) serotipe 1, 2, 3, 4 memberikan hasil negatif. Keberadaan jenis nyamuk yang berpotensi membawa penyakit yang bersifat zoonotik di sekitar kandang tarsius PSSP IPB menunjukkan adanya potensi penularan penyakit asal nyamuk (Mosquito Borne Disease) baik pada primata tarsius maupun manusia., In means of conservation, ectoparasites monitoring and surveillance especially mosquitoes in primate captivity become important. Mosquito is one of the ectoparasites which acts as a vector of various types of zoonotic diseases such as Dengue, Zika, Japanese encephalitis, Rift Valley fever, filariasis and others. This study was aimed to determine the diversity of mosquito species, their fluctuations as well as the potential of mosquitoes as a Dengue virus (DENV) vector around the tarsier captivity in the animal conservation laboratory PSSP IPB. Mosquitoes were collected from February to April 2020 using light traps and sweep net every two hours from 06.00 pm to 06.00 am. Detection of the presence of Dengue virus (DENV) is carried out using Reverse Transcriptase Realtime Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) against Aedes albopictus and Armigeres subalbatus mosquitoes. The results showed that there were 4 species of mosquitoes caught around the tarsier captivity namely Aedes albopictus, Culex quinquefasciatus, Armigeres subalbatus and Armigeres foliatus. The dominant mosquito species are Armigeres subalbatus (62.11%) and Aedes albopictus (41.61%). Detection of Aedes albopictus and Armigeres subalbatus for the presence of Dengue virus (DENV) serotypes 1, 2, 3, 4 gave negative results. The presence of mosquitoes that have the potential to carry zoonotic disease around the tarsier captivity in PSSP IPB shows the potential for Mosquito Borne Diseases to both tarsiers and human.
Keyword: Kepadatan nyamuk, Penyakit zoonotik, Ragam jenis, Tarsius, Virus Dengue

Judul: Siklus Hidup dan Kemungkinan Penularan Arbovirus pada Nyamuk (Aedes aegypti) yang Dipelihara di Insektarium
Abstrak: Aedes spp. are the vectors of many arboviruses which primarily responsible for the spread of disease outbreaks. Aedes aegypti possesses the ability to transmit numerous viruses, and the most widely known is Dengue Virus (DENV). The purpose of this research was to determine the period of development and presence of arboviruses in Aedes aegypti reared in the insectarium of Urban Pest Control Studies Unit (UPCSU), School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (SVMBS). Five pairs of mosquitoes were reared to observed the life cycle. Temperature and humidity are always recorded as it play an important role in mosquito development. Meanwhile, the arbovirus detection process has been carried out on eggs, larval (1st to 4th instar), and mosquitoes adult stage. Reverse-transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) was conducted using primer targeted NS5 for flavivirus and PV1 for Banna virus. The results of research showed that the life cycle of Aedes aegypti reared in the insectarium of UPCSU ranged from 7 to 15 days, with an average temperature of 28,2 ° C and humidity 82,8%. Moreover, no viruses were detected from all mosquito stages. According to the findings of this research, it is crucial to prevent the transmission of the virus by ensuring the proper rearing of guinea pigs and mosquitoes to reduce the risk of viral spread., Aedes spp. adalah vektor dari banyak arbovirus yang terutama bertanggung jawab atas penyebaran wabah penyakit. Aedes aegypti memiliki kemampuan untuk menularkan berbagai macam virus, dan yang paling banyak dikenal adalah Dengue Virus (DENV). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui waktu perkembangan dan keberadaan arbovirus pada Aedes aegypti yang dipelihara di insektarium Unit Kajian Pengendalian Hama Permukiman (UKPHP), Sekolah Kedokteran Hewan dan Biomedis (SKHB). Lima pasang nyamuk dipelihara untuk diamati siklus hidupnya. Suhu dan kelembapan selalu dicatat karena berperan penting dalam perkembangan nyamuk. Sementara itu, proses deteksi arbovirus dilakukan pada telur, larva (instar 1 sampai 4), dan nyamuk stadium dewasa. Reverse-transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) dilakukan dengan menggunakan primer yang ditargetkan NS5 untuk flavivirus dan PV1 untuk Banna virus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siklus hidup Aedes aegypti yang dipelihara di insektarium UKPHP berkisar antara 7 sampai 15 hari, dengan suhu rata-rata 28,2 °C dan kelembapan 82,8%. Selain itu, tidak ada virus yang terdeteksi dari semua stadium nyamuk. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian ini, sangat penting untuk mencegah penularan virus dengan memastikan pemeliharaan marmot dan nyamuk yang tepat untuk mengurangi risiko penyebaran virus.
Keyword: arbovirus, banna virus, flavivirus, aedes aegypti, dengue virus

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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