Judul: Aktivitas dan Produktivitas Lebah Trigona laeviceps di Kebun Polikultur dan Monokultur Pala (Myristica fragrans)
Abstrak: Trigona laeviceps is belong to the family Apideae. It has belong to no sting (stingless bee) and produce propolis, honey and bee pollen. This study aimed to study and compare the activity and productivity of Trigona laeviceps in polyculture and monoculture plantation nutmeg (Myristica fragrans). The study used completely randomized with type of garden (policultures and monocultures of nutmeg) Trigona activity and productivity (honey, pollen, propolis and development of colonies) were the variables and the obtained data were analyzed by ANOVA T - test with 95% confidence interval. observation the activity in and out in the morning until late afternoon (from 06:00 to 17:00), and productivity seen from the weight indication colony, honey, propolis and bee pollen. Trigona bee activity in the nutmeg monoculture plantation (83 %) was higher than in polyculture garden (84 %) and determined by light intensity. Activity in the garden polyculture affected by temperature pollen and propolis production percentages were higher in policulture plantation, while Trigona colonies in nutmeg monoculture had a better development. However, in this study, ambient factors (temperature, Rh, and light intensity) do not significantly determined variation in Trigona productions.
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Judul: Aktivitas Terbang dan Produktivitas Lebah Trigona laeviceps pada Bahan Stup Kayu Sengon dan Kayu Lapis (Plywood)
Abstrak: Trigona laeviceps is one of stingless bees species which produce propolis and its productivity influenced by flight activity of the workers. This study aimed to obtain stup material place Trigona hive which may improve the weight of bees colony and increase production of propolis. The weight gain of colony was counted every week while propolis+bee pollen and honey was measured at the end of the study. Temperature, internal temperature, relative humidity, light intensity and wind speed were also measured. Daily flight activity of Trigona for obtain pollen/resin and nectar/water on sengon stup was very significantly higher (p<0.01) compared to the bees kept in plywood stup (80.40±41.40 vs 42.33±21.90 bees/day). The light intensity affect the daily flight activity (R2=78.3% in sengon stup and R2= 85.6% in stup plywood). Colony weight gain on sengon stup was significantly higher (p<0.05) as compared to those on plywood stup (23.70 vs -−8.44 g/week). Whereas the production of propolis+bee pollen and honey were not significantly different (24.77 and 19.66 vs 19.92 and 17.61 g/8 weeks).
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Judul: Scheduling of the South American Zone of 2014 FIFA World Cup Qualification.
Abstrak: Dalam kompetisi sepak bola terdapat perangkat-perangkat yang penting dalam penyelenggaraannya. Salah satunya adalah jadwal pertandingan. Penyusunan jadwal pertandingan harus dilakukan dengan hati-hati dan penuh dengan pertimbangan agar pertandingan sepak bola dapat berjalan dengan lancar. Babak kualifikasi Piala Dunia FIFA 2014 Zona Amerika Selatan melibatkan 10 tim nasional yang tergabung dalam satu grup dengan setiap negara memiliki satu stadion yang digunakan dalam setiap periode waktu. Tim-tim dalam zona ini dikelompokkan berdasarkan karakteristik yang dimiliki yaitu tim kuat, tim paling populer, tim populer, dan tim tidak populer. Tujuan karya tulis ini ialah membuat jadwal pertandingan yang memenuhi beberapa preferensi, seperti setiap tim harus bertanding dua kali dengan tim lain sebagai tuan rumah dan tamu di setiap paruh kompetisi, pertandingan klasik antara tim kuat dan popular harus dimainkan di pekan ke-3, 5, dan 7, serta setiap tim sebanyak-banyaknya bertanding dua kali berturut-turut sebagai tuan rumah ataukah tamu. Masalah penjadwalan ini dimodelkan dalam
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