Judul: Kecernaan, Retensi Nitrogen dan Performa Domba yang diberi Ransum yang mengandung Sabut Kelapa Sawit Fermentasi dengan Pleurotus ostreatus
Abstrak: Availability of palm press fiber (PPF) as a by-product of palm oil processing increased every years. PPF is potential to be used as feed, but it contains high lignin. Lignin content of the PPF can be reduced by pre-treatment such as fermentation using a white root degrading fungi of Pleurotus ostreatus. The aims of this study were to evaluate digetibility, nitrogen retention and performance of sheep offered diets composed of palm press fiber (PPF) fermented by Pleurotus ostreatus. Twelve male sheep weighing of 23.32 ± 1.68 kg were devided into four groups and randomly allocated into three dietary treatments in a randomized block design. The treatments were levels of fermented PPF in the diets: R0 (30% napier grass + 70 % concentrate), R1 (15% napier grass 15% PPF + 70% concentrate) and R2 (30% PPF + 70% concentrate). The result showed that the mean of daily gain (ADG), total digestible nutrient (TDN) and nitrogen retention in sheep were not different among treatments. Dietary inclusion of PPF decreased the ether extract intake and digestible crude fiber (P<0.05) and decreased digestible crude protein (P<0.01). It was concluded that PPF could be included in the ration of sheep to replace napier grass.
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Judul: Profil dan Kolesterol Darah Domba Lokal yang Mendapat Ransum yang Mengandung Sabut Kelapa Sawit Hasil Fermentasi dengan Pleurotus ostreatus.
Abstrak: Palm press fiber (PPF) can be used as an alternative forage for ruminants. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the nutritive value of PPF fermented by Pleurotus ostreatus and to evaluate the potency of the fermented PPF (PPFm) to replace elephant grass as a component of ration for rams. A randomized block design experiment was used to allocate randomly three experimental rations into four groups of twelve rams. Rams have an average of initial life weight of 23.32 ± 1.68 kg. The experimental rations consisted of R0 = 30% elephant grass (EG) +70% concentrate (control), R1= 15% EG + 15% PPFm + 70% concentrate and R2= 30% PPFm + 70% concentrate. Dry matter consumption, digestibility, blood profile and blood cholesterol were observed. The results showed that there were no differences in dry matter consumption, digestibility, blood profile and blood cholesterol of rams, except the leukocytes count showed a decrease with increasing number of additions PPFm in the ration (P<0.05). It was concluded that fermentation using Pleurotus ostreatus increased the nutritive value of PPF and the inclution of 30 % PPFm in the ration of rams could replace the elephant grass, can increase the immunity of rams characterized by increasing levels of blood lymphocytes to 22%, which is supported by increase in the metabolic performance of rams. The use of PPFm in the ration of 15% more efeective in lowering blood cholesterol sheep to 27,04%.
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Judul: Tinjauan Matematis pada Model Makroskopik dan Mikroskopik Arus Lalu-lintas
Abstrak: Traffic flow phenomenon can be described through mathematical model such as continuous dynamic model with an ordinary differential equation so that it can be solved with integral factors. In this paper three simple models of traffic flow are discussed, i.e, two macroscopic and one microscopic models. Macroscopic model formulates dynamics of the traffic flow that occurs on a large number of vehicles on a road. While the microscopic model explains drivers’ behavior in their interaction with other vehicles ahead, i.e, car-following model. This paper shows the existence of ordinary differential equation found in the traffic flow model and indicates some different representations in the context of the same model. It also reviews a simple model of traffic flow along a single link, which leads to some unexpected results, i.e, it can express the solution model in term of link outflows as well as trip time. In the microscopic model, simulation is done to illustrate the behavior of the drivers with a sensitivity coefficient as a benchmark parameter.
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