Judul: Kajian Kemampuan Ikan Mencerna Mikroplastik secara In Vitro
Abstrak: Mikroplastik yang mencemari perairan dapat terakumulasi dan menyumbat saluran pencernaan ikan. Mikroplastik ini belum diketahui secara pasti mampu dicerna ikan atau tidak sehingga diperlukan penelitian terkait hal tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kemampuan cairan digestif pada ikan dalam mencerna mikroplastik secara in vitro. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari hingga April 2021 di Laboratorium Fisiologi Hewan Air dan Produktivitas Lingkungan (ProLing). Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua tahap, yaitu penelitian pendahuluan (uji prelim) dan penelitian inti (uji inti). Parameter yang diamati terdiri dari keragaan cairan digestif (suhu, pH, turbiditas) dan kondisi mikroplastik (ukuran, warna, dan bentuk). Hasil pengukuran pada setiap parameter keragaan cairan digestif menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perubahan nilai yang tidak signifikan pada masing-masing perlakuan. Pengamatan kondisi mikroplastik setelah dilakukan pengujian juga menunjukkan tidak ada perubahan pada mikroplastik. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa secara in vitro cairan digestif ikan tidak mampu mencerna mikroplastik.
Keyword: ikan, in vitro, mikroplastik

Judul: Komposisi mikroplastik pada saluran pencernaan ikan
Abstrak: Perairan merupakan tempat hidup berbagai biota akuatik. Pencemaran mikroplastik (partikel berukuran kurang dari 5 mm) di perairan dapat menjadi ancaman potensial bagi kehidupan biota karena dapat termakan oleh berbagai spesies. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keberadaan mikroplastik dalam saluran pencernaan ikan yang berasal dari Pulau Cangkir dan perairan Lampung. Pengambilan contoh ikan dilakukan bulan September 2018, November 2018, dan Januari 2019 di TPI Kronjo, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten. Partikel mikroplastik diekstraksi dengan larutan NaCl jenuh dan diamati di bawah mikroskop. Partikel mikroplastik dihitung dan diklasifikasikan berdasarkan tipe, warna, dan ukuran. Terdapat 3225 partikel mikroplastik dalam saluran pencernaan 191 dari 193 individu ikan, dengan rata-rata 16,72±12,31 partikel individu-1. Kelimpahan rata-rata tertinggi ditemukan pada Psettodes erumei (29,1±19,13 partikel individu-1), sedangkan terendah terdapat pada Pristipomoides multidens (5,6±3,95 partikel individu-1). Kedua spesies tersebut merupakan kelompok karnivora dari lingkungan demersal. Tipe mikroplastik yang ditemukan terdiri dari fiber (67,88%), fragmen (21,85%), dan film (10,27%). Warna transparan mendominasi sebesar 57% dengan ukuran 100-500 μm. Keberadaan mikroplastik pada ikan karnivora cenderung menunjukkan kelimpahan yang sama dengan ikan planktivora pada semua kelompok ukuran ikan.
Keyword: ikan komersial, mikroplastik, sampah laut

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite