Judul: Analisis kebijakan pengelolaan taman hutan raya (Studi kasus di TAHURA Sesaot Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan (a) untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya kerusakan kawasan Taman Hutan Raya Sesaot (b) menganalisis alternatif pemanfaatan yang optimal kawasan Taman Hutan Raya Sesaot.
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Judul: Institutional Analysis of Sesaot Forest Area Management West Nusa Tenggara Province
Abstrak: Sesaot forest area has been inhabited space shared between the parties. There are institutional HKm, either already use or not licensed. In the same space, there is a forest botanical garden institutions (Taman hutan raya/Tahura) who also did most of the management of Sesaot forests. Of the status of forest areas, there have been changes over several times, ranging from the status of a limited production forest to protected forest and later some areas became of conservation forest. This study aims to (1) analyze institutional of stakeholders involved in the management and / or utilization of Sesaot forest area, (2) determine the policy options and strategies for the resolution of conflicts over Sesaot forest resources, (3) analyze the implications of the conflict on Sesaot forests and institutional stakeholders who utilize Sesaot forest. The results showed that (1) the results of an evaluation of the institutional community (“Kelompok HKm” and “Forum Kawasan”) and UPTD Tahura known that these institutions are still not able to achieve sustainable forest management, (2) institutional development of Sesaot forest management and utilization can not be negated the role of one of the parties, in particular the community, (3) deals with policy inconsistencies occurred over the function and status of forest Sesaot and shape policy and utilization management that implies a change in forest management authority between provincial and local governments and changes in people's access to forest resources. This triggers further conflict over forest resources, (4) the conflict is structural, because the implementation of forest management and utilization policies which are inconsistent, the conflict is no longer latent but already sticking out and being open, (5) Forest areas that have been utilized by communities more appropriately be defined for community forest work area, moved to shift the location Tahura untapped forests, (6) conflict resolution efforts have produced the document "Piagam Kesepakatan" signed by the parties who are involved in the management and / or utilization of Sesaot forest.
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Judul: Influenza Specific Immunoglobulin Y Purification from Egg Yolk with Sodium Chloride Precipitation Method
Abstrak: Imunoglobulin Yolk (IgY) yang terdapat dalam kuning telur telah banyak dimanfaatkan untuk imunoterapi dan imunodiagnostik. Salah satu kendala dalam pemurnian IgY dari kuning telur adalah pemisahan Ig dengan lemak, sehingga teknik pemurnian Ig selalu berkembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pemurnian IgY dari kuning telur dengan metode pengendapan menggunakan sodium chloride (NaCl) serta melakukan karakterisasi IgY spesifik influenza. Sodium chloride dipilih karena bahan kimia ini relatif murah, ramah lingkungan, dan tidak merusak imunoaktivitas IgY. Kuning telur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berasal dari telur ayam layer yang divaksinasi dengan vaksin influenza Flubio® yang berisi virus Influenza A/H3N2, A/H1N1 dan B/Washington. Pemurnian IgY hanya dilakukan pada kuning telur yang mengandung antibodi spesifik influenza. Deteksi keberadaan antibodi spesifik influenza ditentukan dengan uji agar gel presipitasi (AGP) dan metode enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Konsentrasi IgY hasil pemurnian dihitung dengan spektrofotometer dan karakterisasi protein dilakukan dengan metode Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Konsentrasi protein dari hasil pemurnian IgY memiliki nilai rata – rata 50,403 mg/mL. Hasil SDS-PAGE menunjukkan enam pita protein, yaitu struktur IgY utuh (174,63 kDa), Apoprotein-LDL (129,77 kDa), rantai berat IgY (66,54 kDa), Fab ( 47,65 kDa), rantai ringan IgY (21,85 kDa), dan β-livetin (36,74 kDa). IgY hasil pemurnian masih dapat berikatan dengan antigen influenza berdasarkan uji ELISA. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemurnian IgY menggunakan metode pengendapan NaCl dapat memurnikan IgY dengan struktur utuh, meskipun masih ada dua protein tidak spesifik hasil pemurnian. IgY yang dapat berikatan dengan antigen influenza mengindikasikan prospek pemanfaatannya untuk pencegahan influenza dan imunodiagnostik., Yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) contained in egg yolk has been widely used for immunotherapy and immunodiagnostics. One of the obstacles in IgY purification from egg yolk is separating Ig from fat, so that IgY purification techniques are always developing. This study aimed to purify IgY from egg yolk using sodium chloride (NaCl) precipitation method and to characterize influenza-specific IgY. Sodium chloride was chosen because this chemical is relatively unexpensive, environmentally friendly, and does not impair IgY immunoactivity. The egg yolks used in this study were collected from layer eggs vaccinated with the Flubio® influenza vaccine, which contains the Influenza A/H3N2, A/H1N1 and B/Washington viruses. IgY purification was only carried out on egg yolks containing influenza specific antibodies. The presence of influenza-specific antibodies was determined by the agar gel precipitation (AGP) test and the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The purified IgY concentration was determined using spectrophotometer, and protein characterization was performed using the Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) method. Protein concentration from purification has a mean value of 50,403 mg/mL . SDS-PAGE result showed six protein bands, namely intact IgY structure (174,63 kDa), Apoprotein-LDL (129,77 kDa), IgY heavy chain (66,54 kDa), Fab (47,65 kDa), IgY light chain (21,85 kDa), and β-livetin (36,74 kDa). The purified IgY still able to bind with influenza antigen based on the ELISA test. The results of this study indicate that purification of IgY using the NaCl precipitation method can purify IgY with intact structure, although there are still two unspecific proteins in the purification results. The resulting IgY can bind to influenza antigens indicating the
Keyword: Immunoglobulin Y, influenza, egg yolk, purification, sodium chloride