Judul: Pengembangan Produk Cross Laminated Timber Melalui Pemanfaatan Kayu Sengon (Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & J. W. Grimes) Menggunakan Sambungan Paku
Abstrak: The availability of good quality and big diameter wood in the natural forest, recently keep decreasing. It makes consumer should turn into public forest to fulfill their needs. However, low quality wood from public forest can be modified into product creation for structural material with high quality, which is cross laminated timber (CLT). CLT is created by arranging 3 to 7 laminas are crossed and then glued and compressed hydraulically on the entire surface or can be nailed (Perkins and McCloskey 2010). One of CLT product modification is by doing of combination lamina thickness and orientation angle. This study was aimed to determine the effect of thickness and orientation angle lamina comnbinations to the cross laminated timber panel product of Sengon wood (Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & J. W. Grimes) by using nail connection. The average of nail CLT panel density (0.37 g/cm3) larger than control board and adhesive CLT. The average of nail CLT panel moisture content (4.19%) lower than control board and higher than adhesive CLT and not far different from the average of Bogor moisture content ±15%. The volume shrinkage of nail CLT panel (5.07%) is lower than control board and adhesive CLT, but it‟s not far different. The average of volume swelling nail CLT panel (3.74%) lower than control board and adhesive CLT. The average of MOE nail CLT panel is only 20% from control board and only about 15% from adhesive CLT and MOR. Nail CLT nail panel is able to reach 82% from control board and about 78% from adhesive CLT. The MOR of nail CLT panel is good but MOE isn‟t better than adhesive CLT. The average of lateral force nail CLT panel, smaller than stated by PPKI 1961. The average of shear strength nail CLT panel is larger than adhesive CLT panel. CLT panel with laminas 1,67 cm is the most optimum panel according to all tests result
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Judul: Karakteristik Cross Laminated Timber Kayu Jabon berdasarkan Ketebalan dan Orientasi Sudut Lamina
Abstrak: Along with the technological developments, a new method of laminated timber has been found, called by cross laminated timber (CLT). CLT is an engineered product of wood composed of some lamina or layers bonded in an arrangement of layers crossing one another. The purpose of this research was to design a panel of CLT by modifying the combined patterns of different thickness and orientation angles of lamina in order to have the highest strength values and determine the characteristics of CLT panels as structural timber. The study results are expected to provide alternative benefits or uses of wood from the community forests as a product of CLT, give information to the people about the quality of CLT panel from the community forest and increase the chance of timber development from the community forests for structural wood products. The thickness of lamina applied in the manufacture of CLT panels were 1.0, 1.67, 2.0 and 3.0 cm with the width of 15 cm and the length of 120 cm. CLT panel was formed of three layers or lamina with the cross-sectional size of 5 cm x 15 cm x 120 cm based on the value of its MOE with three types of combination in lamina thickness, namely type A1 (1 cm, 3 cm, and 1 cm), type A2 (1 cm, 2 cm, and 1 cm), and type A3 (1.67 cm, 1.67 cm, and 1.67 cm). The middle layer was based on the orientation angles of lamina: 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°. The adhesive used was water based polymer isocyanate (WBPI) with the glue spreading of 280 g/m2 for both surfaces. Testing was based on ASTM D 143 (2005) and JAS 234:2003 standard. The result showed that the combined thickness of lamina had a significant effect on the mechanical properties of MOE, MOR and compressive strength parallel to fibers on CLT panels. The lamina orientation angles had a significant effect on the physical properties of volume shrinkage and expansion on CLT panels. On the other hand, as for the mechanical properties, the angle orientation of lamina showed a significant effect on MOE, MOR, compressive strength parallel to fibers, and the bonding strength of CLT panels. The interaction between a combined thickness of lamina and angle orientation only significantly influenced the compressive strength parallel to fibers of CLT panels. Meanwhile, based on the scoring of CLT panel, the combined thickness of lamina type A3 and the angle orientation of 30o had the best properties. This is because the number of connections on the angle orientation of 30o Key words: Cross laminated timber, jabon wood, physical and mechanical properties, less than those of other angle orientations. The resulted analysis of the whole or intact timber (control) showed that in general CLT panels have better properties of volume shrinkage and expansion than the intact original timber.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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