Judul: Struktur Komunitas Makrozoobenthos sebagai Indikator Kualitas Lingkungan di Hulu Sungai Cimanuk, Garut, Jawa Barat.
Abstrak: Sungai Cimanuk oleh penduduk setempat dimanfaatkan untuk berbagai kegiatan seperti irigasi, perikanan, media pembuangan limbah rumah tangga dan MCK. Dampak dari kegiatan tersebut dapat menurunkan kualitas perairan. Makrozoobenthos merupakan salah satu organisma yang dapat merasakan langsung perubahan tersebut, sehingga cocok dijadikan sebagai indikator kualitas perairan. Perubahan kualitas air dapat merubah komposisi dan besarnya populasi makrozoobenthos. Oleh karena itu, penelitian yang dilaksanakan ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi lingkungan perairan Sungai Cimanuk dengan mempelajari struktur komunitas makrozoobenthos yang meliputi komposisi dan kepadatan jenis, keanekaragaman, keseragaman, dominansi dan preferensi makrozoobenthos terhadap habitatnya.
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Judul: Struktur Komunitas Makrozoobenthos Sebagai Indikator Perubahan Kualitas Perairan Sungai Cimanuk di Daerah Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat.
Abstrak: Daerah Aliran Sungai Cimanuk merupakan aliran sungai yang banyak dimanfaatkan oleh penduduk di sekitarnya untuk berbagai aktivitas, seperti kegiatan pertanian, perikanan, kebutuhan air minum dan MCK. Selain kegiatan-kegiatan di atas Sungai Cimanuk digunakan juga sebagai tempat pembuangan limbah rumah tangga dan industri. Dengan begitu banyaknya pemanfaatan tersebut maka badan air ini mempunyai peluang tercemar sangat besar. Masalah ini dapat merubah kualitas dan fungsi dari Sungai Cimanuk, yang lebih mengalami tekanan langsung dari perubahan tersebut adalah organisme yang hidup di dalamnya, salah satunya makrozoobenthos yang pergerakannya relatif lambat dan memiliki daya adaptasi yang bervariasi terhadap perubahan lingkungan perairan.
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Judul: Development of Face Recognition Model using Bi-2DPCA and Support Vector Machine
Abstrak: The human face is always used in the application of access control systems, identity authentication systems, surveillance systems and security systems. Some researh on face recognition has been proposed with a variety of methods, such as Eigen Faces, Fisher’s Linear Discriminant, Bayesian Networks, Neural Networks,Hidden Markov Model, and so on. But all the above mentioned methods have limitations, such as dealing with the size of the image and lighting and learning time are too long. In a study to obtain an alternative method for face recognition, Le TH and Bui L (2011) conducted research model of face recognition with Two- DimensionalPrincipal Component Analysis (2DPCA) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) using AT&T face image data. The results of these studies that the accuracy of face recognition use 2DPCA and SVM was 97.3% and PCA-SVM was 95.2%. Then in 2010, Bi-2DPCA uses as alternative method of face recognition performed by Yang J et al. (2010). In a study comparing methods of Bi-2DPCA, 2DPCA and PCA. The conclusion that the use of Bi-2DPCA generating and computational accuracy was better than 2DPCA and PCA Based on research conducted by Le TH and Bui L (2011) and Yang J et al. (2010), conducted research for the development of models of face recognition using dimension reduction technique Bi-2DPCA and Support Vector Machine (SVM) as pattern recognition. 1DPCA and 2DPCA dimension reduction technique are used as comparison measure dimensions and computing time than using Bi-2DPCA technique. To help SVM in recognizing human faces, SVM use linear, polynomial and radial basis function (RBF) kernel function. When using RBF kernel, used for the RBF kernel, the parameter for sigma is 2-15 up to 23 and the value of C starting from 2-5 up to 214 which have been used in a study conducted by Le TH and Bui L (2011). Facial image data used are taken from the ORL Face Database AT&T Laboratory, which contain 40 faces, each face with 10 images, and total of image 400 pieces. Validation is done by Leave-One-Out (LOO) cross validation, so that for each pair of extraction and classifier method is 10 trials. One against all method used to help SVM in classifying the ORL face data consists of 40 classes, to reduce the computational time. From the results of tests on 36 models of face recognition , Bi-2DPCA85% with the help of a linear kernel generates the highest level of face recognition accuracy of 94.25 %, and the lowest accuracy rate of 24.50 % was obtained with 1DPCA-kernel polynomial ordo 3 . While the lowest computational time of 15.34 seconds when component is used by 85 % computation time and a maximum of 252.68 seconds when component is 95 %. There are several things that could be concluded that: pattern accuracy on each kernel feature extraction are the same. This means that there is no relationship between the feature extraction used by the kernel to the SVM. The second is, in this study SVM cannot classify large dimension data. From the results of tests on 36 models of face recognition, Bi2DPCA85% with the help
Keyword: Face Recognition, Principle Component Analysis, Kernel, Support Vector Machine, Leave-one Out Cross Validation