Judul: Beberapa permasalahan tentang obat hewan, ditinjau dari peraturan perundangan
Abstrak: Pemerintah telah mengeluarkan seperangkat peraturan perudangan tentang obat hewan untuk mengatur segala kegiatan yang berkaitan dengan obat hewan. Peraturan tersebut berbentuk Undang-undang, Peraturan Pemerintah, Surat Keputusan Menteri Pertanian dan Surat Keputusan Direktur Jendral Peternakan. Sejauh mana peraturan-peraturan di atas telah dilaksanakan maka penulis mengadakan analisa terhadap permasalahan yang ada berdasarkan literatur dan komunikasi pribadi. Permasalahan tersebut berkaitan dengan masalah perizinan, registrasi/pendaftaran obat hewan, pengawasan, antibiotika dan masalah pemakaian obat hewan. Masalah perizinan terutama terdapat pada sektor pengecer, baik dalam bentuk Depo Obat Hewan maupun Toko Khusus Obat Hewan. Masih banyak di antara mereka yang belum memiliki izin atau mengajukan izin, padahal sektor inilah yang langsung berhubungan dengan para peternak. ...
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Judul: Kebijaksanaan pemerintah dalam bidang obat hewan dan kaitannya dengan mekanisme peredaran obat hewan di DKI Jakarta
Abstrak: Obat hewan merupakan salah satu sarana untuk menunjang pembangunan peternakan/bidang kehewanan. Dalam prakteknya masih banyak dijumpai obat hewan dijual secara ilegal di toko-toko penjual obat hewan. Beberapa informasi telah dikumpulkan untuk mengetahui senerapa jauh kebijaksanaan pemerintah di bidang obat hewan telah dilaksanakan. Dari hasil informasi yang diperoleh dapat disimpulkan bahwa peraturan perundang-undangan tentang obat hewan belum dapat dilaksanakan sepenuhnya. Lembaga pemerintah yang berkaitan dengan penertiban dan pengawasan obat hewan belum berfungsi dengan baik. Di lain pihak kesadaran pihak swasta yang bergerak di bidang penyediaan dan peredaran obat hewan tentang arti dan dampak negatif dari pemakaian obat hewan masih kurang. Depot obat hewan belum berfungsi sebagaimana mestinya. Dirasakan perlu penembahan jenis obat hewan yang masih langka.
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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