Judul: Analysis of Global Value Chain Participation in Electronics and Automotive Commodities: Study of Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP)
Abstrak: Perdagangan mega regional RCEP diperkirakan akan memberikan peluang bagi ASEAN dan mitranya untuk mendorong pengembangan rantai nilai global atau global value chain (GVC). Dampak dari perdagangan dengan skema GVC akan mendorong percepatan industrialisasi, transfer teknologi, penyerapan tenaga kerja, dan peningkatan nilai tambah industri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perkembangan partisipasi GVC negara anggota RCEP dengan melihat kinerja ekspornya dan mengeksplorasi faktor-faktor yang dapat mendorong partisipasi GVC di kawasan RCEP. Partisipasi GVC terdiri dari dua jenis yaitu forward participation dan backward participation. Setiap negara memiliki perbedaan untuk tingkat partisipasi GVC. Pertumbuhan GDP dan pertumbuhan ekspor sejalan dengan tingkat partisipasi GVC. Studi menggunakan data panel dinamis dengan metode GMM. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa ekspor komoditas otomotif dan elektronik berhubungan dengan forward participation dan backward participation. Peningkatan GDP, pendapatan dari SDA, serta kualitas infrastruktur dan pelabuhan berpengaruh positif terhadap backward participation dan berpengaruh negatif terhadap forward participation. Ekspor manufaktur teknologi menengah dan tinggi berhubungan positif dengan forward participation dan berhubungan negatif dengan backward participation. Semakin stabil politik dalam negeri akan meningkatkan perdagangan sektor manufaktur dalam skema GVC. FDI dibutuhkan untuk mendorong kegiatan perekonomiannya, maka tarif yang berhubungan positif dengan partisipasi GVC dapat meningkatkan FDI. Kualitas pembiayaan kredit domestik untuk swasta berhubungan dengan partisipasi GVC., RCEP mega-regional trade is expected to provide opportunities for ASEAN and its partners to encourage the development of global value chains (GVCs). The impact of trade with the GVC scheme will encourage the acceleration of industrialization, technology transfer, employment, and increased industrial added value. This study aims to describe the development of RCEP member countries' GVC participation by looking at their export performance and explore the factors that can encourage GVC participation in RCEP region. GVC participation consists of two types, namely forward participation and backward participation. Each country has different level of GVC participation. GDP growth and export growth are in line with the level of GVC participation. The study used dynamic panel data with GMM method. This study found that exports of automotive and electronic commodities are associated with forward and backward participation. Increasing GDP, revenue from natural resources, and the quality of infrastructure and ports have a positive effect on backward participation and a negative effect on forward participation. Medium and high technology manufacturing exports are positively related to forward participation and negatively related to backward participation. The more stable domestic politics will increase manufacturing trade in GVCs. FDI is needed to boost economic activity, so tariffs that are positively related to GVC participation can increase FDI. The quality of domestic credit financing to the private sector is related to GVC participation.
Keyword: Backward Participation GVC, Electronic, Forward Participation GVC, Automotive, RCEP

Judul: Participation of the Indonesian Agricultural Sector and its Derivatives in the Global Value Chain: A Multiregional Input-Output Approach
Abstrak: Kontribusi GVC dapat meningkatkan daya saing, transfer teknologi dan input yang lebih murah. Sektor pertanian Indonesia dan turunannya memiliki peran besar dalam beberapa indikator makroekonomi, serta potensi produksi yang besar dalam perdagangan GVC. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis partisipasi sektor pertanian Indonesia dan turunannya dalam GVC. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif, keterkaitan, dan dampak pada Tabel Multiregional Input-Output tahun 2022 berdasarkan harga konstan tahun 2010, klasifikasi 35 sektor dan 63 negara dari Asian Development Bank (2023). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sektor pertanian Indonesia dan turunannya lebih banyak berperan dalam mendorong produksi sektor hilir di domestik, dan rendah dalam menarik produksi sektor hulu. Dampak peningkatan ekspor sektor pertanian Indonesia dan turunannya paling besar diterima domestik, dan partisipasinya dalam GVC rendah dengan persentase nilai yang relatif kecil. Adapun partisipasi sektor turunan pertanian Indonesia lebih besar, sehingga diperlukan peningkatan dan diversifikasi ekspor sektor turunan pertanian Indonesia untuk meningkatkan perannya dalam GVC., The contribution of GVCs can be increased competitiveness, technology transfer and cheaper inputs. Indonesia's agricultural sector and its derivatives have a large role in several macroeconomic indicators, as well as large production potential in GVC trade. This study was conducted to analyze the participation of the Indonesian agricultural sector and its derivatives in GVCs. The method used is descriptive, linkage, and impact analysis on the Multiregional Input-Output Table in 2022 based on constant prices in 2010, classification of 35 sectors and 63 countries from the Asian Development Bank (2023). The results show that Indonesia's agricultural sector and its derivatives play more of a role in driving domestic downstream sector production, and are low in attracting upstream sector production. The impact of increasing exports of Indonesia's agricultural sector and its derivatives is mostly received domestically, and its participation in GVCs is low with a relatively small percentage of value. However, the participation of Indonesia's agricultural derivatives sector is more significant, suggesting the need to increase and diversify exports in this sector to enhance its role in GVCs.
Keyword: Global Value Chain, Multiregional Input-Output, Food Beverage and Tobacco Sector, Agriculture Sector

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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