Judul: Eksplorasi dan identifikasi senyawa anti jamur dari beberapa jenis kayu tropis
Abstrak: Widely used wood preservation is made from synthetic chemistry, where the raw material is non-renewable and environmental unfriendly. One solution is to look for alternative preservations using certain extractive substances from a durable tropical wood as a wood preservative. The main objectives of this study were to determine the potential extractive substances in woods of kupa (Syzygium polycephalum (Mig)), pelawan (Tristaniopsis whiteana (Griff)), palepek baringin (Shorea laevis Ridl), and mahalilis (Palaquium sp.), to evaluate the use of extractive substances as anti-fungal wood decay Schizophyllum commune Fries and Pleurotus ostreatus, and to identify the structure of anti-fungal compound. The maceration extraction method used methanol solvent, and multilevel fractionation used n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and butanol solvents. The extracts, subsequently, were carried out fungus S. commune and P. ostreatus the tests, and CCB preservative was used as negative control. The result showed that the highest extractive content was in S. laevis, followed by Palaquium sp., T. whiteana and S. polycephalum. Moreover, the results of column chromatography showed that ethyl acetate fraction of S. polycephalum was obtained 8 (G.1-G.8) compounds, the fraction of chloroform of T. whiteana was obtained 8 (PL.1-PL.8) compounds, the fraction of butanol of S. laevis was obtained 16 (PB.1-PB.16) compounds and the fractions of chloroform of Palaquium sp. was obtained 5 (M.1-M.5). Based on the maceration extract, fractionation and column chromatography, all the wood types were capable of inhibiting the growth of the fungus S. commune and P. ostreatus. Structure identifications with LC-MS, 1H and 13C NMR anti-fungal compound for G.2, Pl.3, PB.1.1, and M.2 were 3-O-glucosyl-3’,4’,5-trihydroxyflavonol, Heptanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid and 2,3-dihydroxypropylpentadecanoate, respectively .
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Judul: Pengujian Ketahanan Alami Kayu Sengon terhadap Jamur Pelapuk Kayu Schizophyllum commune, Pleurotus djamor dan Pleurotus ostreatus dengan Metode JIS K 1571-2004
Abstrak: Fungi is an organism heterotroft that obtains energy by absorbing food from other organic materials, one of which is wood. Wood destroying fungi lives off wood components, such as cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin which are biochemically overhauled with the help of enzymes. Well know wood in the trade to date approximately 400 types. Around 80–85% of Indonesian woods had low resistance class which it’s very easy attacked by wood decay fungi. For instance Falcatria molucana, Acacia mangium dan Pinus merkusii (Yunasfi 2008). Kinds of it which potentially most decaying off the woods are Schizophyllum commune, Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus djamor. This study aims to determine the potential that three kinds on wood decay fungi and the potential quality of wood to three decay fungi based on JIS K 1571-2004 method. The results showed that all three types of wood rot fungi used in this test has the potential to lower the weight of the wood sample. Fungi are the most potent in lowering weight sengon is S. commune with the percentage reduction in timber weight by 3,7%. P. ostreatus and P. djamor only have the potential to decrease the weight of each of 1,5 and 1,1%. Fungi significantly affect the percentage reduction in timber weight, the percentage weight loss of wood obtained from the results of laboratory tests the durability of wood used as a parameter. From these results it sengon wood into class II (resistant), while according to the Seng (1990) sengon wood balance to class IV–V (not resistance) so it can be said that this research has not succeeded. Discrepancy value of the percentage reduction in weight of wood sample with literature, because they suspected the existence of fungal hyphae into the sample wood so that hamper the final weight after the test sample is fed finished. Based on visual observations indicate multiple replication miselliums of fungi not full to close the wood. Ganerally the sample timber has been attacked fungal discoloration lighter (light brown). Its shows three types of fungi that is used is a white rot fungi
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Judul: Feeder kelinci ternak otomatis menggunkan prinsip aktuator solenoid
Abstrak: Feeder kelinci ternak otomatis merupakan prototipe yang diciptakan dengan pengaturan distribusi pakan berbentuk pellet pada konveyor sekrup termodifikasi dengan tambahan pintu akses teraktivasi oleh aktuator solenoid. Mikrokontroler Arduino Uno R3 pada prototipe ini digunakan untuk proses perhitungan jarak pintu akses, waktu tempuh pakan, dan kecepatan distribusi pakan. Prototipe ini bermanfaat untuk para pembudidaya/peternak kelinci sebagai inovasi teknologi dalam kegiatan pemeliharaan kelinci secara moderen. Pakan kelinci diatur melalui rotasi motor stepper pada penakar pakan sehingga dapat mengukur porsi pakan secara akurat. Penggunaan motor DC dilengkapi gearbox bertujuan mengendalikan konveyor sekrup agar berputar dengan konstan sehingga menghasilkan gaya dorong pada pakan yang akan didistribusikan. Hasil perhitungan kecepatan distribusi pakan menentukan waktu aktivasi aktuator solenoid yang akan membuka pintu akses pakan untuk keluar dari konveyor sekrup.
Keyword: Aktuator solenoid, feeder, penakar pakan, konveyor sekrup