Judul: Aplikasi Teknologi Peresapan Biopori untuk Meningkatkan Produksi Padi Gogo pada Pertanian Lahan Kering di Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara Barat
Abstrak: Dryland agriculture in Western South-East Moluccas (WSEM) Regency is still subsistence and depend on rainfall. However, rainfall is not used optimally to increase food production. The purpose of this research was to analyze effectiveness of the biopore infiltration system toward the increase of soil moisture availability, control of ranoff and soil erosion, nutrient loss, and increase of upland rice production in WSEM. One innovation of the land and water conservation technique is biopore infiltration system which consist of biopore infiltration channel and hole. Least significant difference test showed that biopore infiltration system tends to increase the availability of soil moisture in dry period. All treatments except T0 was very significant in controlling runoff and soil erosion, also in saving sediment an decrease nutrient soil loss. The system was able to decrease the runoff up to 99.8 % and 100 % of erosion, T4 treatment was the highest in saving sediment at 9.32 tonnes/ha for one growing season. T3 and T4 treatments significantly increased the growth and production of upland rice in Latdalam village of South Tanimbar sub-district, WSEM regency
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Judul: Aplikasi Teknologi Sistem Peresapan Biopori Untuk Mencegah Aliran Permukaan Dan Erosi Serta Peningkatan Produksi Tanaman Pada Tanah Latosol Darmaga
Abstrak: Surface runoff and erosion are the main problem causing land degradation on sloping upland agriculture. Biopore infiltration system is one of water harvesting technology developed on arid region. The experiment aimed at studying the effect of biopore infiltration system to control surface runoff and erosion on sloping upland. The research was conducted in Cikabayan experimental farm, University Farm, Bogor, and in ITSL Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University. The Research was done from January 2009 until March 2010. The objective of this research to study the effectiveness of the biopori infiltration system in preventing damage to land by surface runoff and erosion, as well as in improving agricultural production on upland. Completely randomized block experimental design was used to analyze data collected from five treatments arranged randomly in three blocks as replications. Applied treatments were: control (T0); ridge terrace with contour channel according to the size of a width of 20 cm and 15 cm deep in intervals of 2 m (T1); T1 treatment combined with vertical mulching 4 tons of rice straw/ha (T2); T1 treatment combined with 2 infiltration hole in the contour channel at intervals of 1 m, diameter 8 cm and 100 deep, filled with rice straw (T3); and combinations of treatments T2 and T3 (T4). Research results indicated that each treatment very significantly prevents runoff and erosion for corn planting season and upland rice planting season compared to treatment T0. All treatments tends to increasing plant heigh of maize and upland rice except treatment of T2 at corn planting season to treatment T0. Treatment T2, T3, and T4 very significantly increase number of produvtive tillers compared to treatment T0. All treatments tends to increasing dry seed wight compared to T0 except treatment of T4 which is real increased dry seed wight. Treatment with vertical mulch (T2, T3, and T4) had higher seed wight if it is compared to treatment without vertical mulch (T1). All treatments very significantly increase dry rice grain wight if it is compared to T0. Treatment of T3 and T4 tends to produce higher rice grain if it compared to treatment of T1 and T2. Treatment with vertical mulch (T2, T3, and T4) very significantly increased the weight of dry straw if it is compared to treatment T0.
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Judul: Infeksi cacing Ascarid pasa anjing dan kucing, serta hubungannya sebagai zoonosis
Abstrak: Ada tiga cacing Ascarid yang didapatkan pada anjing dan kucing, yaitu Toxocara canis pada anjing, Toxocara cati pada kucing dan Toxascaris leonina pada anjing dan kucing. Ketiganya mempunyai habitat di usus kecil (Soulsby, 1982). Manusia dapat bertindak sebagai induk semang paratenik dari kelompok ini, melalui anjing dan kucing yang menderita sebagai sumber infeksi, terutama anak- anak anjing dan anak-anak kucing (Brown, 1975). Dari kelompok Ascarid ini penyebab utama penyakit pada manusia adalah Toxocara canis (Soulsby, 1982). Penyakit pada manusia yang disebabkan oleh kelompok ini dikenal sebagai penyakit 'Visceral Larva Migrans' (Brown, 1975), Toxocariasis (Beaver, 1966). Penularan pada anjing dan kucing, dapat melalui telur infektif (langsung), induk semang paratenik seperti tikus, kecos, cacing Lanah dan lain-lain (tidak langsung), intrauterin, trans-mammary dan secara fecaloral. Pada manusia, penularan terjadi melalui telur infektif yang tertelan. Gejala klinis yang tampak pada anjing dan kucing yang terinfeksi oleh kelompok ini, adalah anjing kurus, pertumbuhan terhambat, gelisah, batuk, respirasi meningkat, keluar cairan dari hidung, muntah yang kadang kadang bercampur dengan cacing, icterus, diare, sakit pada abdomen, perut buncit dan kadang-kadang timbul gejala konvulsi (Kelly, 1977). Pada manusia tanda klinis yang umum terlihat, yaitu batuk, dispnoe disertai demam dan gejala umum lainnya. Kadang-kadang endopthalmitis, retinitis perifer, papilitis, dan konvulsi. Pemeriksaan darah terlihat eosinofilia, leukositosis, hiperglobulinemia dan pemerik saan yang lain memperlihatkan hepatomegali…dst
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