Judul: Pendugaan perubahan cadangan karbon di Taman Nasional Meru Betiri
Abstrak: Based on greenhouse gases inventory conducted from 2000 – 2005, land use, land use changes and forestry (LULUCF) contributed approximately 48% of the total emissions of Indonesia, due to deforestation and other forest cover changes at the rate of 1,1 million hectares per year. In the efforts of reducing emissions from LULUCF sector, Indonesia implements Reducing Emission from Deforestation and Forest Degradation-plus (REDD-plus). Meru Betiri National Park (MBNP) was chosen to host a REDD-plus demonstration activity. Carbon stock inventory and monitoring is one of the main activity of the REDD-plus demonstration activity in TNMB. The use of combined remote sensing technology and ground-based inventory in plot scale can be used to estimate carbon stock changes in landscape scale. This study aimed to estimate carbon stock in various land-cover of MBNP and estimate carbon stocks change in MBNP during the period 1989 – 2001, 2001 – 2005, and 2005 – 2010. Carbon stocks measurement was conducted in MBNP during May to July 2010. The measurement was done in Permanent Sample Plots (PSP) which were established by MBNP’s management for carbon stock inventory and monitoring activities. Total of 40 PSPs were available, distributed over various land-covers, namely: primary forest, secondary forest, agro-forestry system, cropland, shrub/bush, grassland, and rubber plantation. This study considered only above ground biomass and above ground carbon. The study found that biomass amount in MBNP ranged at 46,39 Mg.ha-1 – 241,85 Mg.ha-1 and carbon stock amount ranged at 20,31 Mg.ha-1 – 120,93 Mg.ha-1. Primary forest had the highest amount of biomass and carbon stock, while grassland had the lowest amount of biomass and carbon stock in MBNP. During the period of 1989 to 2010, total amount of carbon stock in MBNP has increased at amount of 479.256,12 Mg.ha-1 or on average of 22.821,72 Mg per year. The amount of carbon stock during the period of 1989 – 2001 had decreased at amount of 34.536,86 Mg. The decrease of carbon stocks was caused by deforestation, illegal logging, forest encroachment and tsunami. The amount of carbon stock has increased during the period of 2001 – 2005 at amount of 126.646,67 Mg and during the period of 2005 – 2010 at amount of 398.553,78 Mg. The increase of carbon stocks was caused by intensive forest protection, monitoring of activities on forestland and land rehabilitation involving community in/and surrounding MBNP area, non-governmental organization (LATIN, KAIL), ITTO and PUSPIJAK – Ministry of Forestry.
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Judul: Pendugaan Perubahan Cadangan Karbon di Tambling Wildlife Nature Conservation Taman Nasional Bukit Barisan Selatan
Abstrak: Global warming effect can be mitigated in two ways, namely carbon loss reduction or emission and increasing carbon storage within vegetation. Forest can absorb CO2 trough photosynthesis process and sink them in biomass. Tambling Wildlife Nature Conservation (TWNC) as a part of Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP) have been facing land cover change due to encroachment. The study aimed to measure carbon stocks in various land cover and to compare carbon stocks for the whole are of TWNC TNBBS in 2000-2009. Carbon stocks measurement was conducted in TWNC TNBBS during August 8th to October 8th 2009, 50 plots were sampled including nature forest, secondary forest, agroforestry, shrub, Imperata cylindrica , and grassland by purposive sampling method. Soil carbon was not measured in this study. Nature forest has the highest carbon stocks by 178,44 MgC.ha-1, and grassland be a poorest carbon stocks (1,47 MgC.ha-1). During the time between 2000 to 2009, primary forest carbon stock decrease in amount of 457,792.52 Mg along with the decrease in land cover of this forest type. As many as 24.4% of natural forests in 2000 turned into the others type of land use such as a secondary forest of 21.63%, for shrubs 1.61% and 0.06% for agroforestry in 2009. Totally, TWNC TNBBS has loss its carbon stocks as many as 279422 Mg, it’s mean the annual average carbon stocks contained in the TWNC TNBBS area decreased by around 27,942.2 Mg (0.72%) per year. Its mean, 1,024,547 Mg CO2 or 102,454.7 Mg CO2 every year was lose from TWNC TNBBS area.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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