Judul: Ekologi, relung pakan, dan strategi adaptasi kelelawar penghuni gua di karst gombong Kebumen Jawa Tengah
Abstrak: The existence of cave dwelling bats of karst area need to be conserved, because bats have important roles for the ecosystem inside the cave as well as outside the cave. The objectives of this research were to know the biodiversity of cave dwelling bats, to identify physical factors which influenced the preference roosting place, to determine the prey preference of cave dwelling bats, to observe structural and physiological adaptation of the cave dwelling bats and to propose the karst management strategy based on the conservation status of bats. This study was conducted from September 2008 to July 2010 in twelve caves in Gombong karst area, Central Java. The sample of the bats were picked up at the roosting place during the day. The physical and microclimate parameters were measured under the bat roosts, three times in February, June and October 2009. Stomach gut content was collected and dissolved in aquadest. The material of insect were sorted and identified under microscope and compare to the insects that were collected by light trap in bat foraging area. The polen were collected from the intestine of fruit bats. Blood was taken from the interfemoral vein of bats. Lungs removed from body and were made preparations for histology. The diameter of alveoli was observed under the microscope. Then the amount of erythrocyte was counted by using hemocytometer and hemoglobin content was measured using Sahli’s method. The data was analyzed by ANOVA, Principle Component Analysis (PCA), Redundancy Analysis (RDA), Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA), Hybrid Canonical Correspondence Analysis (HCCA) and multiple regression. The result showed: 1) Fifteen spesies (eleven spesies of Microchiroptera and four spesies of Megachiroptera) indicated known in this research. 2) The microclimate factors which influenced the preference roosting place were the sound intensity, the distance from the cave mouth, the temperature, the humidity and the light intensity. The insects in gut content of insectivorous bats belong to 10 orders, distributed into 29 families. Otherwise pollen in gut content of frugivorous bats belong to 9 families, distributed into 33 spesies of plant. The niche overlap index between spesies of bats that occupy in one cave was less than 30%. The diameter of alveoli significantly correlated with humidity, temperature and ammonia levels. The amount of erythrocyte increased by the increase of humidity, decrease in the temperature and the increase of ammonia level. This tendency also revealed in hemoglobin change. Gombong karst area proposed as a karst region class I based on Kepmen ESDM No. 1456 K/20/MEM/2000
Keyword: gua karst, relung pakan, adaptasi, strategi konservasi, gombong, kebumen, jawa tengah

Judul: Keanekaragaman Jenis Kelelawar di Desa Cikarawang Kecamatan Dramaga Kabupaten Bogor Provinsi Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Bat is one type of mammals having an important role for human life. The role consist of plants pollinators agent, plant seed disperser, producing guano for fertilizer, and as controlling pests insect of plants. This study aims to identify the bats species and measuring bats community similarity between paddy fields, garden, and forest habitat. The amount of the successful caught during this studies about 11 species of four family, namely: Hipposideridae (1 species), Vespertilionidae (4 species), Rhinolophidae (1 species), and Pteropodidae (5 species). Diversity index of bats in garden habitat is 1.80, forest habitat is 1.64, and paddy field habitat is 1.29 respectivelly. Similarity of bats community betwee garden and paddy field habitat is 0.72, between forest and garden habitat is 0.46, and between forest and paddy field is 0.36 respectivelly.
Keyword: 

Judul: Formulasi TSP (Traveling Salesman Problem) menggunakan ILP (Integer Linear Programming)
Abstrak: TSP is a journey of salesman f?om his origin town (place) to visit n-cities (places) only at once, then return to his origin town (place) with a minimum total distance. Its purpose is to minimize the operating expense that is released by the company. Vehicle route at TSP in the form of a Hamiltonian cycle, that is closed path containing all nodes at the graph which representing a network walk. Its problem is to determine a journey route which is feasible (possibly can be passed by) in such a way the vehicle travelled distance passed the route is minimum.
Keyword: