Judul: Pembuatan Sensor Serat Optik dengan Cladding Dye Methyl Violet untuk Mendeteksi Gas Hidrogen Sulfida
Abstrak: Serat optik adalah salah satu media transmisi yang dapat menyalurkan informasi dengan kapasitas besar dengan keandalan yang tinggi. Karena itu, serat optik banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai sensor. Penelitian ini dibuat untuk mendeteksi gas hidrogen sulfida (H2S). Gas H2S merupakan gas yang berbahaya bagi lingkungan. Gas ini pada konsentrasi 500 ppm, dapat menyebabkan kematian pada manusia. Tidak hanya pada manusia, gas ini juga berbahaya bagi tanaman dan bangunan yang bahan-bahannya seperti batu kapur, batu pualam, dan dolomit. Pada penelitian ini, probe sensor dibuat dengan mengganti cladding serat optik dengan gel yang didoping dye methyl violet. Probe sensor yang dikenai gas H2S diberi sinar masukan dari sumber sinar dan diterima oleh sensor cahaya. Data yang dihasilkan berupa kurva respon time sensor serat optik terhadap gas H2S. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi gas H2S yang dihasilkan maka semakin cepat sensor merespon gas tersebut.
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Judul: Pembuatan probe sensor serat optik untuk mengukur konsentrasi uap metanol menggunakan polianilin sebagai cladding pengganti
Abstrak: Serat optik tidak hanya digunakan sebagai kabel biasa tetapi juga dimanfaatkan untuk membuat sensor yang dikenal sebagai sensor serat optik. Sensor inibisa dibuat untuk mengukur besaran fisika, seperti suhu, tekanan, kelembaban, maupun besaran kimia seperti mengukur kandungan gas CO2, alkohol, dan lain sebagainya. Karakterisasi polianilin sebagai bahan sensor gas telah banyak dikaji dan terus diteliti secara mendalam, namun penelitian tentang hubungan antara panjang gelombang dan absorbansi terhadap waktu respon polianilin terhadap gas -gas belum banyak dikaji.
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Judul: Studies on growth spurt and aging in higher primates
Abstrak: single measurement that best defines the health and nutritional status of children, just as it provides an indirect measurement of the quality of life of an entire population. The pattern of human growth reflects the biocultural evolution of our species. The human pattern of growth and development (ontogeny) appears to differ markedly from patterns of ontogeny in other primate species. Three studies are reported here which deal to the growth and development of human and chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). These three studies allow us to contrast the phenomena of adolescence growth spurt and female elderly bone loss in chimpanzee and human as chimpanzee is the closest species to humans within extant nonhuman primates. In the first, a cross-sectional study of growth of the body size and somatotype of 363 Javanese girls and 299 Javanese boys aged 4 to 20 years from Magelang Regency, Indonesia was described. In the second, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in the growth of chimpanzee second metacarpal bone linear dimensions from individuals aged 0 to 43.6 years were used for comparison. While in the third, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in the growth of chimpanzee body size (body mass and anterior trunk length) and second metacarpal bone mineral content were derived. In measuring the second metacarpal dimensions and mineral content, a total of 568 radiographs of chimpanzee's proximodistal left hands were used. They were taken from 68 females and 49 males aged 0 to 43.62 years old. We applied an image analysis system, Scion Image Release Alpha 4.0.3.2 software for Windows to measure bone linear dimensions and bone mineral content. Humans present complex and sinuous growth curves for both body weight and height. A clear growth spurt could be demonstrated by cross-sectional analysis in our girl subjects at around aged 11.5 years and in our boy subjects at around aged 12.5 years. In longitudinal series, not in cross-sectional, several representative chimpanzees of both sexes showed a pre-adult growth spurt on the body sizes, bone dimensions and bone mineral content. They ranged at age 4.5 to 8.5 years. This underscore the fact that adolescent growth spurt in linear dimension was not a universal feature of anthropoid primate ontogeny. Bone loss is a well established characteristic of human female aging. Based on crosssectional analyses the sequential decline of bone mass in female chimpanzee may be said to be genuine. On the other hand, we found in adulthood through elderly, male chimpanzees show a longer plateau than female chimpanzee, that is, bone mineral content is maintained in male.
Keyword: Javanese children, growth spurt, chimpanzee, second metacarpal bone, bone loss, Higher Primates