Judul: Uji Kolom Tanah Latosol, Podsolik, Dan Regosol Sebagai Objek Simulasi Parit Infiltrasi (Infiltration Trench) Limbah Domestik
Abstrak: Nowadays, domestic waste water has seriously become a potential pollution source of water bodies. The lack of in situ domestic waste water treatment facilities lead to river pollution. One of the technics used to treat domestic waste water is infiltration trench. Infiltration trench filters out the domestic waste water by certain media and infiltrate them through soil body. The objective of the research is to identify the capability of soil in neutralizing some components of the domestic waste water in infiltration trench application. A set of laboratory scale research has been done using a series of soil columns of 30 cm length (top soil and subsoil) and 4 inch diameter. The columns were subjected to a periodic waste water application. Soil adsorption properties were indicated by the vertical flow velocity of the waste water flowing through the soil column and its quality after discharging off the column. Podzolic has a higher capability in adsorping waste water than Latosol or Regosol. It were indicated by the longer time needed by the waste water to pass through Podzolic column. The volume of waste water discharging off the soil column increased since the second week till the end of the research. Nitrogen and phosphate content of the waste water passing through soil column were affected significantly by the type of soil. However the filter media applied on the top of soil column have no effect on nitrogen and phosphate content of the waste water. Nitrogen content decreased respectively up to 63%, 87%, and 75%, after passing through Latosol, Podzolic, and Regosol. And phosphate content decrease up to 99% either after passing through Latosol, Podzolic, or Regosol. Although filter media have no effect on nutrient content of domestic waste water after passing through soil column they tend to have the ability to protect soil surface from being hit by waste water application and tend to make the waste water clearer after passing through soil column.
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Judul: Pengaruh Pemberian Sampah Organik terhadap Laju Infiltrasi Lubang Resapan Biopori di Areal Pemukiman
Abstrak: Currently, rain water and organic waste have not been utilized optimally. Biopore Infiltration Hole (Lubang Resapan Biopori (LRB)) was develoved to accelerate water absorption by using organic waste. Some people had known and use the LRB technology. Still, there are some mistakes, people didn’t use the organic waste in LRB’s technology. Therefore , it is necessary to study the effect of using organic waste to LRB infiltration rate, to convince the public and fix their mistakes. This study used a randomized block design within five treatments with 3 blocks as replicates. The treatments were : (1) LRB without a filled organic waste (S0), (2) LRB filled with kitchen organic waste in the early course (S1), (3) LRB filled with mango leaves in the early course (S2), (4) LRB filled with kitchen organic waste continuously (S3), (5) LRB filled with mango leaves continuously (S4). Observed variable is the rate of LRB infiltration, conducted over 14 weeks by time measuring once per week. The result showed that the infiltration rate in LRB S1 and S2 treatments significantly higher than the S0 treatment at the first measurement and tended to be higher in the next measurentments. Overall infiltration rate in LRB S3 and S4 treatments were highly significantly higher when compared to S0 treatment, even significantly higher than S1 and S2. The treatments filled with organic waste enhanced of infiltration rate in LRB. Kitchen organic wastes produces the infiltration rate higher than mango leaves
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Judul: Karakteristik Anatomi Skelet Kepala Buaya senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii).
Abstrak: Buaya sepit atau senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii) merupakan jenis buaya asli Indonesia yang berhabitat di sungai-sungai Sumatera, Kalimantan, dan juga pedalaman Sulawesi. Salah satu ciri khas buaya senyulong adalah bentuk moncong yang runcing dan sempit, namun hingga saat ini informasi mengenai struktur skelet kepala buaya senyulong sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik anatomi skelet kepala buaya senyulong yang dikatikan dengan fungsi dan perilakunya. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksploratif dengan melakukan pengamatan, pencatatan, dan pengambilan gambar dari skelet kepala buaya senyulong. Skelet kepala berukuran panjang 70 cm, lebar 29 cm, dan tingggi 17 cm dengan permukaan kasar pada os nasale, os frontale, os maxilla, os mandibula, os lacrimale, os jugale. Jumlah gigi pada buaya ini sebanyak 78 buah, terdiri dari 4 buah gigi premaxila, 16 buah gigi maxila, dan 19 buah gigi mandibula. Pada regio orbitalis ditemukan dua pasang fenestrae temporales yang berkembang baik. Fenestra supratemporale merupakan lubang oval yang membentang di sepanjang os parietale. Fenestra infratemporale berbentuk segitiga dan dibatasi oleh os squamosum, os postorbitale, os jugulare, dan os quadratum. Os mandibula hewan ini mempunyai symphysis mandibularis yang panjang yaitu garis yang melintang di corpus mandibulae. Secara fungsional ukuran symphysis mandibularis berkaitan dengan adaptasi hewan terhadap diet makan.
Keyword: kepala, moncong, Tomistoma schlegelii