Judul: Pemetaan Daerah Rawan Banjir Berbasis Sistem  Informasi Geografis pada Kecamatan Kalideres Kota Jakarta Barat
Abstrak: Kecamatan Kalideres di Jakarta Barat, DKI Jakarta, sering dilanda banjir akibat meluapnya Kali Semongol yang melewati tiga kelurahan rawan banjir, yaitu Kelurahan Kamal, Kelurahan Tegal Alur, dan Kelurahan Pegadungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh faktor curah hujan, jenis tanah, kemiringan lereng, ketinggian lahan, tutupan lahan serta sungai terhadap peluang kejadian banjir, memetakan kawasan yang berpotensi banjir, serta mengidentifikasi daerah risiko banjir di Kecamatan Kalideres. Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) memungkinkan identifikasi cepat daerah rawan banjir melalui pemetaan menggunakan metode Weighted Overlay. Kecamatan Kalideres memiliki total penduduk sebanyak 449.998 jiwa, terdiri dari lima kelurahan, yaitu Kelurahan Kamal, Tegal Alur, Pegadungan, Kalideres, dan Semanan. Kelurahan Kalideres memiliki tingkat kerawanan banjir yang tinggi dengan luas 18,32 ha (0,65%) karena termasuk dalam kategori kritis dengan durasi terjadinya banjir selama 2 – 15 hari dan kedalaman banjir 0.5 – 3 m. Kelurahan Pegadungan memiliki risiko tertinggi dengan 106.914 jiwa terpapar dan kerugian ekonomi sekitar 16,15 milyar rupiah., The sub-district of Kalideres in West Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, is often affected by floods due to the overflowing of Kali Semongol, which passes through three flood-prone neighborhoods, namely Kamal, Tegal Alur, and Pegadungan. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of factors such as rainfall, soil type, slope gradient, land elevation, land cover, and proximity to rivers on the likelihood of flooding, to map flood-prone areas, and to identify flood risk areas in Kalideres sub-district. Geographic Information System (GIS) enables rapid identification of flood-prone areas through mapping using the Weighted Overlay method. Kalideres sub-district has a total population of 449,998 people, consisting of five neighborhoods, namely Kamal, Tegal Alur, Pegadungan, Kalideres, and Semanan. The Kalideres neighborhood has a high flood vulnerability level with an area of 18.32 ha (0.65%) as it falls under the critical category with a flood duration of 2 – 15 days and a flood depth of 0.5 – 3 m. The Pegadungan neighborhood has the highest risk, with 106,914 people exposed and an estimated economic loss of around 16.15 billion rupiahs.
Keyword: flood, flood risk, flood vulnerability, GIS, mapping

Judul: Pemetaan Daerah Rawan Banjir Berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis pada Kecamatan Ciputat Timur Kota Tangerang
Abstrak: Banjir merupakan salah satu permasalahan utama di Indonesia. Salah satu upaya untuk meminimalkan dampak negatif banjir adalah dengan menyediakan peta daerah rawan banjir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh beberapa parameter kerawanan banjir terhadap peluang kejadian banjir, memetakan daerah rawan banjir, dan mengidentifikasi daerah risiko banjir di Kecamatan Ciputat Timur. Metode yang digunakan dalam analisis kerawanan banjir adalah metode skoring dan pembobotan dengan bantuan sistem informasi geografis (SIG). Parameter kerawanan banjir yang digunakan yaitu curah hujan, kemiringan lereng, ketinggian lahan, penggunaan lahan, jenis tanah, dan buffer sungai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan wilayah Kecamatan Ciputat Timur didominasi kelas kerawanan banjir kategori sedang seluas 1.047,33 ha (66,22%). Kelas kerawanan banjir kategori tinggi dan sangat tinggi terdapat di Kelurahan Cireundeu dengan luas secara berturut-turut 20,95 ha dan 2,93 ha. Tingkat risiko banjir di Kecamatan Ciputat Timur sebagian besar masuk kategori sedang seluas 903,89 ha (57,15%). Kelas risiko banjir kategori tinggi terluas yaitu Kelurahan Cireundeu dengan luas 13,02 ha., Flooding is one of the main problems in Indonesia. One of the efforts to minimize the negative impact of flooding is to provide a map of flood-prone areas. This research aims to analyze the effect of several flood vulnerability parameters on the chance of flood occurrence, map flood-prone areas, and identify flood risk areas in Ciputat Timur Sub-district. The method used in flood vulnerability analysis is scoring and weighting method with the help of geographic information system (GIS). The flood vulnerability parameters used are rainfall, slope, land elevation, land use, soil type, and river buffer. The results show that the Ciputat Timur Sub-district area is dominated by the medium category flood vulnerability class covering an area of 1.047,33 ha (66,22%). The high and very high flood vulnerability classes are found in Cireundeu Village with an area of 20,95 ha and 2,93 ha, respectively. The level of flood risk in Ciputat Timur Sub-district is mostly in the medium category with an area of 903,89 ha (57,15%). The largest flood risk class in the high category is Cireundeu Urban Village with an area of 13,02 ha.
Keyword: kerawanan, Pemetaan, risiko, flood, mapping, risk, banjir, sig, gis, vulnerability

Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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