Judul: Institutional Arrangement Towards A Self-Financed National Parks Management at Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park
Abstrak: National Parks (NPs) is part of the protected areas (PAs) which is managed by the government. Appointment management unit aims to realize the effectiveness of management. The recent phenomenon showed that the effectiveness value of the National Park's management is categorized at 'underaverage'level. One of the problems that lead to ineffective management ofNPs, that the limited allocation of resources funding. The government's efforts to solve the limited budget for public investment has led to make self-financed management unit. This policy is expected to be self-financed, but still achieved sustainable park management. Towards the achievement of the essentials done by strengthening the use in park management. Private sector involvement in the utilization of natural resources is one of opportunity to overcome the limitations of management funding issues. It underlies the development of self-financed model to achieve management goals through the use of natural resources by maintaining the main functions ofNPs. This study aims to describe the policy of public investment in the management of park, outlines private investment in the utilization of natural resources in the area of park, and obtaining appropriate institutional model towards selffinanced of park management. Descriptive approach to research through research with data collection through interviews and review of documentation. Data were analyzed through descriptive analysis, content analysis, and gap analysis. Government budget in managing TNGGP still cause problems. The problem comes from the source and use government budget. Government budget sources still has uncertainties due to changes in government fiscal policy in the form of cuts or changes to the budget and usage mechanisms. It has an impact on the implementation of the budget TNGGP management activities that have been defined. Government budget source to implement the activities have not touched on the effectiveness of management TNGGP. The allocation is more widely used for routine activities such as staff salaries and office support infrastructure. The proportion of the budget these activities have an impact on the limited budget allocation for the basic activities in achieving effectiveness management. Utilization of natural resources TNGGP region consists of seven products. Nature tourism is a product that can involve private parties of seven activities identified by the characteristics of the product benefits, zoning, and management. However, private sector involvement in the use of nature in TNGGP still cannot be implemented. Unpreparedness of the government as principal to be a factor inhibiting private investment can be made. Granting licenses to private parties is a form of transfer of temporary property rights while rigidly organized and detailed. Lengthy permitting process, the uncertainty in obtaining a business license, as well as the rights and obligations of the rules that are not balanced cause disinterest in the private sector to invest. Income of non-tax revenues is the result of the utilization of natural resources is still causing problems in the types and rates and use. Types and rates of relatively small value and many are not yet regulated. In addition, the revenue cannot be used directly by the management unit but must be paid in advance to the state treasury and the state budget is managed
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Judul: Performance of Management and Development Strategy of Natural Recreation of Situ Gunung, Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park
Abstrak: Management of natural recreation usually not equal yet with evaluation activities. Carrying out of Natural Recreation of Situ Gunung need evaluation in order to know how far satisfaction of visitor can be reached and brought into line with tourism activities in conservation area. This research aim is analysing management performance of natural recreation for gaining strategic alternatives of Situ Gunung Natural Recreation. The operationally research were bound on visitors satisfaction and on impact of tourism activities on social economic of communities and environment around the recreation place. The aspect on social economic of communities was observed from tourism impact and communities motivation on participating of recreation activities. Environmental aspect was observed from naturalism and preservation of the recreation area. Data analysis method consist of management performance analysis (descriptive analysis), visitors satisfaction analysis (Important – Performance Analysis/IPA and Customer Satisfaction Index/CSI) and Analysis of development alternatives (SWOT Analysis). Situ Gunung managed by two prominent institutions, i.e. Perum Perhutani and Bureau of Gunung Gede National Park. Man resources which behave are 4 employees of Situ Gunung Resort of Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park and 6 employees of Perum Perhutani. Access toward the location easily is reached by private vehicles or public transportation means. Situ Gunung Natural Recreation has 4 ultimate objects connected by roads that need repairing in some parts. The visitor backgrounds of dominant education are elementary school, occupations as student who came from inner side of Sukabumi itself, with recreation as arrival destination. The promotion of location is not effectively yet to these visitors. Visitor services form is recreation without tourist guide. There are in total 100 hectares area that intensively used as natural recreation activities, about 7 % area has been changed. Violation actions that probable can destroy resources are illegal logging/hunting although in small intensity. Visitors valuation of 16 attributes put into ‘SATISFACTORY’ category in CSI. It was identified 8 strengths and 8 weaknesses as internal factors and 8 opportunities and 5 threats as external environmental factors. Result of the SWOT analysis showed that Situ Gunung Nature Recreation lay in positive side of its internal and external factors with suggested development strategy is Strengths-Opportunities. The development programs that have been arranged are increasing level of promotion, spread out connection of cooperation, and using master plan of management. Performance of management of Situ Gunung Natural Recreation was counted into ‘GOOD’ category observed from visitor satisfactory aspect and from aspects of naturally, area preservation, and function rules of this region on social economic of communities. Development strategic alternative that has been arranged is Aggressive Growth Strategy (SO).
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Judul: Perbandingan Algoritma Message Digest 5 (MD5) Dan Secure Hash Algorithm 1 (Shai) Untuk Autentikasi Pesan
Abstrak: Seiring dcngan meningkatnya penggunaan internet sebagai media pertukaran pcsan. metodc pcngamanan pcsan menjadi sangat penting. Nilai suatu pesan yang ingin dijaga keutuhan atnu intcgritasnya menycbabkan pesan tcrscbut hanya baleh dimodifikasi olch pihak yang bcrhak. Namun pada rcalitanya, pesan tersebut akan mendapat ancaman dari scorang penyusup. Bentuk ancaman terjadi apabiJa pcnyusup dcngan suatu cara. dapat mengubah isi pesan terscbut untuk bcrbagai kepcntingan. Apabila isi pesan telah bcrubah dad bentuk aslinya, maka pesan terscbut dikatakan sudah tidak aulcnlik (asli) Iagi. Snatn metodc yang efektif untuk mcnguji kcautentikan suatll pesan digllnakan tcknik kriptografi. Pada kal)'a ilmiah ini akan dibahas algoritma Message Digest 5 (MDS) dan Secure !-lash Algorithm (SHAI) untuk autentikasi pesan.
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