Judul: Analysis of Land Cover Changes for Mangrove Vegetation and Coastlines in Indramayu Regency, West Java
Abstrak: Mangrove merupakan individu maupun komunitas tumbuhan yang hidup di kawasan pesisir. Wilayah pesisir merupakan ekosistem peralihan antara laut dan daratan. Kondisi tersebut menyebabkan wilayah pesisir mendapatkan tekanan dari darat sehingga pada akhirnya memberikan dampak pada ekosistem pantai. Kabupaten Indramayu merupakan salah satu wilayah di pantai utara Jawa Barat yang mengalami kerusakan paling parah di antara seluruh kabupaten di wilayah pesisir utara Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan tutupan lahan vegetasi mangrove, garis pantai, dan penyebab terjadinya perubahan luasan tutupan lahan vegetasi mangrove dan garis pantai tahun 1990-2020 di Kabupaten Indramayu. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret-Juni 2021 di Kecamatan Losarang, Cantigi, Pasekan, dan Indramayu. Hasil penelitian menunjukan perubahan yang signifikan dari setiap periode tahun penelitian. Perubahan tutupan lahan vegetasi mangrove terjadi karena adanya konversi tutupan lahan vegetasi mangrove menjadi tambak. Sedangkan perubahan garis pantai terjadi karena dari faktor alam dan faktor manusia., Mangroves are individuals and plant communities that live in coastal areas. The coastal area is a transitional ecosystem between sea and land. This condition causes the coastal area to come under pressure from the land, impacting the coastal ecosystem. Indramayu Regency is one of the areas on the North Coast of West Java that experienced the most severe damage among all districts in the North Coast of West Java. This study aims to determine changes in land cover of mangrove vegetation, coastlines and the causes of changes in mangrove vegetation and coastlines from 1990-2020 in Indramayu district. This research was conducted in March-June 2021 in Losarang, Cantigi, Pasekan, and Indramayu Districts. The results showed a significant change in each period of the research year. Changes in land cover of mangrove vegetation occur because of the conversion of mangrove vegetation land cover into ponds. Meanwhile, shoreline changes occur due to natural and human factors.
Keyword: garis pantai, landsat, mangrove, shoreline

Judul: Mangrove Vegetation Density Analysis and Its Effect on Abrasion and Accretion in Indramayu Regency
Abstrak: Ekosistem hutan mangrove memiliki peran penting dalam menjaga keberadaan pesisir pantai dan mengurangi risiko terkena abrasi. Mangrove pula memiliki kemampuan untuk memecah ombak, menangkap sedimen dan dapat menimbun tanah dan dapat mengurangi risiko akan abrasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis sebaran dan kerapatan vegetasi mangrove, menganalisis perubahan garis pantai yang disebabkan karena abrasi dan akresi, dan menganalisis pengaruh sebaran dan kerapatan vegetasi mangrove terhadap abrasi dan akresi di Kabupaten Indramayu, Jawa Barat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa abrasi dan akresi yang terjadi di Kabupaten Indramayu, Jawa Barat memiliki hubungan yang erat dengan luasan mangrove yang berubah setiap tahunnya. Semakin sedikit luasan mangrove yang tersebar di sepanjang garis pantai, maka semakin besar pula terjadinya abrasi di area tersebut. Sedangkan akresi terjadi secara fluktuatif selama periode tahun 1990 hingga 2020. Selain itu, abrasi dan akresi yang terjadi di Kabupaten Indramayu juga disebabkan oleh faktor-faktor lain, seperti terjadinya penebangan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari oleh masyarakat dan juga konversi lahan menjadi tambak., Mangrove forest ecosystems have an essential role in maintaining the existence of the coast and reducing the risk of abrasion. Mangroves also have the ability to break waves, catch sediment and can accumulate soil, and can reduce the risk of abrasion. This study aims to analyze the distribution and density of mangrove vegetation, shoreline changes caused by abrasion and accretion, and the effect of mangrove vegetation's distribution and density on abrasion and accretion in Indramayu Regency, West Java. The results showed that the abrasion and accretion that occurred in Indramayu Regency, West Java had a close relationship with the mangrove area which changed every year. The less area of mangroves that are spread along the coastline, the greater the occurrence of abrasion in that area. Meanwhile, accretion occurred fluctuated during the period from 1990 to 2020. Apart from that, the abrasion and accretion that occurred in Indramayu Regency were also caused by other factors, such as logging to meet the daily needs of the community and also the conversion of land into ponds.
Keyword: mangroves, abrasion and accretion, coastline

Judul: Pemurnian dan karakterisasi protein inhibitor RNA helikase virus hepatitis C
Abstrak: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the second most common chronic viral infection in the world with global prevalence. This infection is contribution to chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, often leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. There is no effective drug and vaccine available against HCV. The current standard treatment, a combination of pegylated interferon-α with ribavirin, is limited by its suboptimal response rate in a significant patient population, side effects, and affordability. Therefore, development of effective drug is needed. One approach to find out the candidate of antiviral drug is to discover the inhibitor of enzyme that essential for virus replication, such as RNA helicase. Streptomyces chartreusis 5-095 produce the inhibitor of HCV RNA helicase. The aim of this study was to purify the protein inhibitor which has inhibition activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV from S. chartreusis 5-095. The supernatant of culture S. chartreusis 5-095 exhibited high inhibiton activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV (approximately 72%) at 10 days of incubation. The extracellular protein inhibitor was partially purified by procedures of precipitation with ammonium sulfate to 65% saturation and gel filtration (Sephadex G50) using methanol water solution (4:6) as an eluen. The purity of protein inhibitor was monitored by SDS PAGE. The protein inhibitor showed a relative molecular mass were estimated to be 14 kDa and increased the purity 23,08 fold than those of the crude protein. The specific activity and IC50 after purification were 13,1338 U/mg and 0,0767 mg/mL, respectively. The activity of purified protein inhibitor showed its stability over pH range from 5-8 and optimum at pH 7,4. The inhibition activity showed its stability up to 70% at temperature 100 oC. The purified protein inhibitor relatively stable its activity at storage in the range of -20 oC to room temperature for 35 days.
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