Judul: Polimorfisme Gen Leptin dan Gen Miostatin pada Sapi Potong Aceh dan Madura
Abstrak: Aceh and Madura cattles are a native Indonesian cattle as meat production. Productivity of beef cattle in Indonesia is still low so it is not used sufficient to supply national demand. We used leptin and miostatin genes as a genetic marker to clustering, Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS), and marker for detection of permissible nature (Halal) food. The aim of this study was to determine polymorphism of Aceh and Madura cattles. This research applied sequencing method. The reconstruction of phylogenetic tree using Neighbour-Joining method with Kimura-2-Parameters model to analyse polymorphism. Aceh cattle based on leptin gene was clustered into one group with Bos indicus GCATC haplotype and Bos taurus. Aceh cattle was assembled into one group with Bos taurus based on myostatin gene. Madura cattle had two haplotypes, one type was Bos indicus GCATC haplotype or Bos taurus and another type was Bos indicus ATGCT haplotype or Bos frontalis. Madura cattle based on myostatin gene different from Bos taurus group.
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Judul: Keragaman Gen Miostatin (GDF-8) pada Sapi Madura
Abstrak: Madura cattle is one of Indonesian local cows that have an ability to adapt the tropical climate in Madura island and produce good quality meats and skins. Development and differentiation of muscle mass are controlled by myostatin gene or growth differentiation factor-8 (GDF-8). This research aimed to estimate the diversity of myostatin gene (exon 2 and exon 3) in madura cattle and compared it with myostatin gene from other Bos genus. The identification of myostatin gene diversity was performed on 21 DNA samples from madura cattle and nucleotides sequencing was conducted on the amplicon using DNA pooling sample methods. The six variants of the exon 2 were C1G (Leu), C41T (Ala), G239A (Arg), G266A (Arg), A268G (Thr), and A331G (Met), whereas on exon 3 was G75A, G77A, T261C, C273T, A330C (Ile), and T336C (Thr). The variance analysis showed that there were four variants of exon 3 that only found in a madura cattle, one variant has missense characteristic, that is G77A (His -- Arg), and the three other variants have nonsense characteristic, that are G75A (Glu), T261C (Ala), and C273T (Cys). The six variants of exon 2 and two variants of exon 3 had a nitrogen base similarity with the other Bos genus, that are C1G (48%), C41T (64%), G239A (88%), G266A (92%), A268G (96%), A331G (92%), A330C (72,7%), and T336C (36,4%). The variants found in madura cattle are different from variants that showed the double muscling phenomena.
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Judul: Karakteristik lompatan hidrolik terhadap pelimpah terjunan pada saluran segi empat
Abstrak: Aliran dengan kecepatan tinggi dalam kondisi superkritis yang melintasi bangunan pelimpah, sebelum bergerak lebih jauh ke arah hilir saluran dimana bilangan Froude (F) lebih besar dari satu harus diubah menjadi aliran subkritis dimana bilangan Froudenya lebih kecil dari satu. Aliran yang meninggalkan kaki pelimpah merupakan aliran yang memiliki kandungan energi yang amat berarti sehingga dapat menimbulkan pengikisan yang besar. Pengubahan bilangan Froude dari kondisi superkritis ke subkritis dimaksudkan agar terjadi perubahan kandungan energi, sehingga aliran menjadi non erosive. Agar daya erosive aliran dapat berkurang, maka biasanya pada bagian hilir dari bangunan pelimpah dibuatkan suatu bangunan peredam energi. Erosi yang terjadi di hilir bangunan pelimpah dapat disebabkan dari keberadaan bangunan pelimpah itu sendiri, maupun bangunan peredam energi yang kurang tepat. Hal ini terutama menyangkut beberapa kejadian lompatan hidrolik yang timbul pada bangunan peredam energi tersebut.. Suatu metode yang efektif untuk menjamin bahwa lompatan hidrolik selalu terjadi pada daerah yang dilindungi, adalah dengan menggunakan bangunan peredam energi yang terdiri dari beberapa tipe dengan..dst
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