Judul: Bycatch of Gillnet Vessels Based at Karangsong Indramayu Fish Landing Base
Abstrak: Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan (PPI) Karangsong menjadi pemasok terbesar perikanan laut di Jawa Barat. Tingginya jumlah hasil tangkapan yang didaratkan, sementara tidak adanya penelitian atau informasi mengenai komposisi hasil tangkapan yang layak tangkap, berpotensi merubah kondisi sumberdaya ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghitung komposisi jenis ikan hasil tangkapan sampingan selama 5 tahun, porsi hasil tangkapan sampingan, dan porsi hasil tangkapan sampingan yang layak tangkap yang berpangkalan di PPI Karangsong. Analisis deskriptif digunakan dalam mengolah dan menganalisis data yang didapatkan dengan perangkat lunak Microsoft. Analisis data komposisi hasil tangkapan selama 5 tahun menunjukkan bahwa hasil tangkapan ikan pelagis setiap tahun mengalami penurunan, sedangkan ikan demersal mengalami peningkatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 4 jenis ikan hasil tangkapan utama dan 10 jenis ikan hasil tangkapan sampingan. Berdasarkan porsi jenis ikan target adalah 17,46% sedangkan porsi jenis ikan hasil tangkapan sampingan adalah 82,54%. Jika kriteria perikanan ramah lingkungan adalah porsi hasil tangkapan utama ≥ 60% maka perikanan yang dilakukan oleh kapal jaring insang ini tergolong tidak ramah lingkungan. Ukuran layak tangkap hasil tangkapan utama dan sampingan adalah 71,4%. Jika kriteria perikanan ramah lingkungan adalah porsi ikan dewasa > 60% maka perikanan jaring insang ini dapat disebut ramah lingkungan., The Karangsong Fish Landing Base is the largest supplier of marine fisheries in West Java. The high number of catches landed, while there is no research or information regarding the composition of catches that are worth catching, has the potential to change the condition of fish resources. This study intends to determine the species composition of by-catch fish during a 5-year period, portion of bycatch, and also a portion of bycatch sizes specifically targeted in a fishery from PPI Karangsong. Descriptive statistical analysis is used in processing and analyzing the data obtained with Microsoft software. Analysis of catch composition data for 5 years shows that the catch of pelagic fish has decreased every year, while demersal fish has increased. The catch is at least 4 types of main catch and 10 types of bycatch. Based on the portion of the main catch species is 17.46% while the portion of bycatch types of fish is 82.54%. If the criteria for environmentally friendly fisheries are the portion of the main catch ≥ 60%, then the fishery carried out by gillnet ships is classified as not environmentally friendly. The catch size of the main catch and bycatch is 71.4%. If the criteria for environmentally friendly fisheries are the portion of adult fish > 60%, then this gillnet fishery can be called environmentally friendly.
Keyword: Bycatch, environmentally friendly, main catch

Judul: Estimation of Potential Ghost Gear in Gillnet Fisheries and its Prevention Efforts at Karangsong Fish Landing Base, Indramayu
Abstrak: Ghost gear merupakan salah satu bagian dari marine debris yang diakibatkan oleh alat tangkap yang hilang, dibuang, dan ditinggalkan di perairan. Alat tangkap yang berpotensi besar menyebabkan ghost gear adalah jaring insang. Sebanyak 87,6% alat tangkap yang beroperasi di Karangsong adalah jaring insang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan perikanan jaring insang di PPI Karangsong, mengestimasi jumlah ghost gear, mengidentifikasi faktor penyebabnya dan merumuskan upaya penanggulangan untuk mengurangi terjadinya ghost gear di PPI Karangsong. Penelitian ini dilakukan di PPI Karangsong, menggunakan metode survei. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis statistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas kapal yang digunakan di PPI Karangsong adalah <5 GT, dengan nelayan yang merupakan nelayan penuh. Jumlah ghost gear yang terjadi dalam satu tahun terakhir sebanyak 2.464 piece atau 123.214 m dan kerugian mencapai Rp10.338.204.580. Penyebab terjadinya ghost gear disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor yaitu tersangkut karang, konflik, dan cuaca yang buruk. Beberapa cara yang direkomendasikan untuk mengurangi ghost gear yaitu sosialisasi ghost gear, standarisasi gear marking, implementasi pelaporan ghost gear, dan penerapan teknologi modern., Ghost gear is part of marine debris caused by abandoned, lost, or otherwise discarded fishing gear in the waters. Fishing gear that has the most significant potential to cause ghost gear is gillnet. Fishers operate this fishing gear as dominant as 87,6% in Karangsong. The research aims are to describe the fishery gillnet in PPI Karangsong, estimate the number of ghost gear, identify the causes, and formulate efforts to reduce the number of ghost gear in Karangsong. The research was conducted at PPI Karangsong, based on survey methods. A descriptive analysis dan statistical analysis was applied in this study. The result showed the majority of vessels used in PPI Karangsong were <5 GT, with a fisher who is a full-time job. The number of ghost gears in the past year was 2,464 pieces or 123,214 m, and losses reached 10,338,204,580 IDR. Ghost gear is caused by snagging, conflict, and bad weather. The recommended efforts to minimize ghost gear are socialization, gear marking standardization, implementation of ghost gear reporting, and application of modern technology.
Keyword: Fishing gear, Ghost gear, Gillnet, Marine debris, PPI Karangsong

Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4