Judul: Efektivitas Ekstrak Tempe Terhadap Gambaran Siklus Estrus Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegius) yang Diberikan pada Usia Awal Pubertas.
Abstrak: Tempe is a soybean product that contains phytoestrogen. This research was aimed to know the influence of tempe extract which were given on female rats at early pubertal age on the estrous cycle. Nine 21-days old female rats were divided into three groups, which were control group and two treatment group, given tempe extract 0.005 g per g bodyweight and 0.01 g per g bodyweight everyday for 28 days respectively. Vaginal swab samples were taken twice a day with 12 hours intervals. Sample analysis were based on morphologic vaginal epithelial cells that are changed every phase. Data were collected when the rat have reached 72 days old and were analyze descriptively. The result showed increase total cycle duration in the group that were given tempe extract 0.005 g per g bodyweight, but in the group that were given tempe extract 0.01 g per g bodyweight showed a decrease in total cycle duration. Both of the treatment dosage could increase length duration of estrous phase.
Keyword: tempe extract, phytoestrogen, vaginal epithelial cells, cycle duration, white rat

Judul: Peran ekstrak tempe pada masa prapubertas terhadap kinerja reproduksi tikus betina Rattus norvegicus
Abstrak: Ekstrak tempe merupakan salah satu bentuk olahan kedelai yang mengandung fitoestrogen. Penelitian dilakukan untuk menganalisa potensi estrogenik tempe pada masa prapubertas terhadap kinerja reproduksi yang dilakukan menggunakan tikus (Rattus nonvergicus) betina berusia 21 hari. Tikus dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol (tanpa diberi ekstrak tempe) dan kelompok perlakuan (diberi ekstrak tempe dengan dosis 6.25 g/kgBB). Pemberian ekstrak tempe dilakukan selama 28 hari. Pada umur 28, 42, dan 56 hari dilakukan pengambilan sampel ovarium, uterus dan darah. Parameter yang diamati adalah bobot badan, bobot ovarium, bobot uterus dan kadar hormon reproduksi berupa estrogen dan testosteron. Analisis data menggunakan metode Independent Samples T-Test dengan selang kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan bobot badan, bobot ovarium, dan bobot uterus kelompok perlakuan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol pada umur 42 hari. Pemberian fitoestrogen diduga dapat memberikan pengaruh berupa peningkatan estrogen dan testosteron yang terjadi pada umur 42 hari.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University, Institut Pertanian Bogor, IPB, Estrogen, Ovarium, Phytoestrogen, Prepuberty, Tempe extract, Uterus

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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