Judul: Kajian penerapan sistem manajemen Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (SMK3) (Studi Kasus : Bagian Produksi PT. Goodyear Indonesia, Tbk. Bogor)
Abstrak: Occupational safety and health condition in an industry determines good or bad job performance in the industry. Work accident that occurred at the company resulted in a variety of losses such as the cessation of production, loss of skilled and experienced personnel, decrease the credibility of the company, loss of profits, loss of work time, medical expenses and maintenance expenses, and others. The high accident rate may decrease work productivity at company level. PT. Goodyear Indonesia, Tbk. as one industry that can not be separated from activities involving labor, tools, methods, costs, and materials and a large enough time. This condition allow the occurrence of accidents in production and implementation of corporate activity. Therefore, the required health and safety management system in accordance with the regulation PERMENKER SMK3 05/MEN/1996 in running the company. But in implementation need to be revisited (audit) was applied periodically for evaluation of the efficacy in reducing the number of work accidents and take corrective action when a deviation occurs. Audit function to measure the performance and effectiveness of health and safety management system adopted by the company.
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Judul: Analisis Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) Pada Industri Pengolahan Teh (Studi Kasus Pada Bagian Produksi PT. Sinar Inesco, Tasikmalaya)
Abstrak: The problems in Occupational Safety and Health frequently still are ignored. This matter is shown with the number of work accident remain high. Based on data recorded in PT. Jamsostek, there were 83,714 work accident cases in Indonesia within year 2007. This number includes 6,506 handicaps, and 1.883 deaths. Agriculture is one of the most hazardous occupations in worldwide. In several countries the fatal accident rate in agriculture is two times higher than the average for all other industries. PT. Sinar Inesco as one of agro industry has quite intense activity involving labors, appliance, method, expense, and the material and also full time daily work. That condition owns the possibility of the happening of risk or hazard even accident in activity execution. This research was aimed to study potential hazard in working environment, to know the risk level in each hazard, and to identify the factors dealing with Occupational Safety and Health. Risk assessment used qualitative analysis which generally known as 2D model, where risk level was calculated from multiplication of Likelihood with Consequence which was reconciled with matrix table of risk analysis 2D model. Risk level showed by the matrix was then used define control techniques in accordance with literature and condition of location. Identification resulted that hazards at production activity of tea processing were classified into 4 units e.g. pre-withering and withering, hulling and fermentation, drying, sorting and packing. Hazards with low risk levels are slumped, incurred by heat from fan, collided by chair monorail, the noise (at pre withering and withering unit), slipped (at hulling and fermentation unit), clamped in drying door (at drying unit), dust breathed by respiration, noise and collided (at sorting and packing unit). Hazard with medium risk level was included scratches (at pre withering and withering unit), fallen down, electricity shocked, noise (at hulling and fermentation unit), hot exposure and slipped (at drying unit), clamped in enchain, eye incurred by dust and electricity shocked (at sorting and packing unit). The last level is high risk. This kind of risk has to be reduced before continuing work. Hazard with high risk level consist of pulled by propeller, and electricity shocked (at pre withering and withering unit), clamped, cut (at hulling and fermentation unit), fallen down, burned, noise (at drying unit) and pulled by propeller (at sorting and packing unit). Observations indicate that the cause of hazard can be grouped into two, that is, unsafe action done by worker and unsafe condition. Unsafe action done because the workers have less knowledge about Occupational Safety and Health. Unsafe condition commonly caused by destroying equipments such as production machines and the working safety equipments Each hazard has different risk levels; therefore, different control techniques are suggested. Control which can be done in general is to frame Standard Operation Procedure (SOP), to use personal protection, display, as well as to repair damaged equipments and machine. Control can be used by all hazards for low, medium and high risk while the extreme risk has to be eliminated.
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Judul: Bioflora Marga Eleocharis (Cyperaceae) di Pulau Madura
Abstrak: Eleocharis dibedakan dengan marga lain dalam suku Cyperaceae berdasarkan ciri morfologi berupa lembaran daun tereduksi, perbungaan buliran soliter di ujung buluh, adanya rambut-rambut kaku pada floret, dan adanya sisa pangkal tangkai putik (stilopodium) pada buah. Beberapa jenis diantaranya telah dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pembuatan kerajinan, pakan ternak, bahan makanan, sampai bahan obat. Informasi keanekaragaman Eleocharis yang telah diterbitkan di Flora Malesiana serta penelusuran spesimen di Herbarium Bogoriense (BO) menunjukkan bahwa informasi distribusi jenis-jenis Eleocharis di Pulau Madura belum lengkap, sehingga perlu dilakukan studi lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan aspek biologi Eleocharis di Pulau Madura meliputi persebaran jenis, ekologi, variasi morfologi dan anatomi antarjenis, taksonomi, serta botani ekonomi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Juli 2016 sampai Mei 2017. Spesimen Eleocharis yang diamati diperoleh dari kegiatan eksplorasi di lapangan menggunakan metode jelajah di empat kabupaten, yaitu Bangkalan, Sampang, Pamekasan dan Sumenep. Pengambilan data ekologi yang dilakukan pada saat pengoleksian spesimen, yaitu: ketinggian tempat dan posisi koordinat, suhu tanah, pH tanah serta intensitas cahaya. Pengamatan morfologi dilakukan pada setiap spesimen yang dikoleksi dari lapangan. Pembuatan dan pengamatan sediaan sayatan paradermal dan transversal buluh dilakukan untuk mendapatkan ciri anatomi jenis-jenis yang teridentifikasi. Data botani ekonomi berupa pemanfaatan jenis diperoleh dengan metode wawancara terbuka kepada masyarakat setempat. Data ekologi dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk setiap jenis. Koordinat lokasi pengambilan spesimen digunakan untuk menggambarkan peta persebaran jenis. Data morfologi dan anatomi digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi spesimen, menjelaskan variasi morfologi dan anatomi antarjenis, dan menyusun pertelaan serta kunci identifikasi jenis-jenis yang ditemukan. Data botani ekonomi dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk setiap jenis. Sebanyak lima jenis Eleocharis di Pulau Madura telah teridentifikasi, yaitu: E. atropurpurea, E. dulcis, E. geniculata, E. philippinensis, dan E. spiralis. Jenis-jenis ini telah tercatat keberadaannya di Pulau Madura berdasarkan publikasi lima puluh tahun yang lalu, kecuali E. dulcis. Persebaran lima jenis Eleocharis di Madura menunjukkan bahwa di Kabupaten Bangkalan ditemukan jenis lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan tiga kabupaten lainnya. Eleocharis di Madura tersebar sepanjang pulau bagian barat, selatan, dan timur; tetapi tidak ditemukan di bagian utara. Eleocharis di Madura umumnya dijumpai pada habitat akuatik dan semi-akuatik (rawa, persawahan dan bekas persawahan yang tidak ditanami padi), kadang dijumpai pada habitat terestrial seperti di sepanjang tepi rawa. Kondisi mikroklimat tempat tumbuh Eleocharis yaitu: ketinggian tempat 15–203 m dpl, intensitas cahaya 26000–127200 lux, suhu tanah 25–38 oC, serta pH tanah 5.0–8.0. Jenis-jenis Eleocharis di Madura dapat dibedakan berdasarkan bentuk pertumbuhan, keberadaan subang, dan ciri morfologi lainnya pada ujung pelepah daun, buluh, perbungaan, floret, dan buah. Eleocharis dulcis merupakan satu- satunya jenis yang menghasilkan subang (ada dua variasi subang yaitu berwarna ungu gelap dan cokelat muda). Perbedaan ciri pelepah daun ditunjukkan oleh bentuk ujung pelepah tampak depan dan belakang, jumlah, dan warna pelepah. Variasi antarjenis pada ciri buluh meliputi bentuk penampang melintang buluh, keberadaan dan tipe sekat transversal. Perbungaan buliran bervariasi berdasarkan ciri bentuk dan ujung, serta brakteanya (bentuk, ujung, warna, dan peruratan). Ciri floret bervariasi antarjenis dalam jumlah benang sari dan percabangan kepala putik, serta rambut-rambut keras (bentuk, ukuran, jumlah, dan tekstur). Buah bervariasi dalam bentuk, ornamentasi permukaan buah, stilopodium (bentuk, ukuran, warna), dan rambut-rambut keras. Ciri morfologi jenis-jenis dari marga ini mirip
Keyword: taksonomi Eleocharis, anatomi buluh, botani ekonomi