Judul: Analysis of Food Price Stability For Livestock Commodities Before and During The Covid-19 Pandemic (Year Period 2019-2020)
Abstrak: Pandemi Covid-19 telah memyebabkan harga pangan sangat berfluktuasi. Fluktuasi harga yang tinggi dapat menyebabkan ketidakpsatian konsumsi pangan masyarakat dan dapat memengaruhi kualitas sumberdaya manusia pada jangka panjang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis fluktuasi dan pengaruh regulasi pangan komoditas hasil peternakan sebelum dan saat pandemic Covid-19 . Fluktuasi harga pangan dianalisis dengan menggunakan Coefficient of Variation, sedangkan konvergensi dan pengaruh regulasi dianalisis dengan metode data panel dinamis dan statis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa harga daging ayam sangat berfluktuasi dibandingkan dengan telur ayam dan daging sapi baik sebelum dan saat pandemi Covid-19. Harga daging ayam dan telur ayam akan mengalami proses konvergensi dengan kecepatan yang lambat. Pemberlakuan regulasi harga acuan terbaru akan menyebabkan harga telur ayam akan naik dan semakin berfluktuasi, namun fluktuasi harga daging ayam akan menurun. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian perlu pengkajian ulang terkait regulasi harga acuan selama pandemi Covid-19., The Covid-19 pandemic has caused food price to fluctuate greatly. High price fluctuation could effect uncertainty of public food consumption and could affect the quality of human resources in the future. This study aims to analyze the fluctuations and impact of food regulation on livestock commodities before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The analysis method used to measure food price fluctuation is the coefficient of variation, while convergence and the impact of regulatory used dynamic and static panel data. The result showed that food price fluctuation for chicken is higher than beef and eggs both before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The price of chicken and eggs will be converge at a slow pace. The implementation of the latest price regulation will cause the price of eggs to rise and more fluctuate, but the price of chicken will decrease. Based on the research results, there is still required to do re-assessment of reference price during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Keyword: dynamic panel data, harga acuan, konvergensi, protein hewani

Judul: The Effect of Chicken Meat Prices, Covid-19, and  Other Determinants on the Spillover Effect of Inflation at the Regional Level in Indonesia
Abstrak: Pandemi Covid-19 berdampak pada pergerakan permintaan dan penawaran komoditas pangan strategis, salah satunya adalah daging ayam ras yang memiliki fluktuasi harga dan memberikan andil terhadap inflasi sebagai salah satu tolak ukur kondisi perekonomian. Pergerakan inflasi perlu diawasi serta dikendalikan dengan mempertimbangkan faktor moneter dan non moneter. Penelitian ini menganalisis perkembangan inflasi, harga daging ayam ras, upah minimum provinsi, suku bunga kredit konsumsi, dan kredit UMKM tingkat regional di Indonesia. Selain itu, penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh determinan inflasi regional serta interaksi spasial yang berdampak pada spillover inflasi regional dengan mempertimbangkan dummy Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan data bulanan dari 34 provinsi di Indonesia selama 2018-2021 dan dianalisis menggunakan metode panel spasial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan harga daging ayam ras dan upah minimum provinsi memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap inflasi suatu provinsi serta provinsi terdekat. Sebaliknya, suku bunga kredit konsumsi, kredit UMKM, dan dummy Covid-19 memiliki pengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap inflasi suatu provinsi dan provinsi terdekat., The Covid-19 pandemic impacted the demand and supply of a strategic food commodity, such as chicken meat with fluctuating prices, thus affecting the inflation rate, which is one of the benchmarks for economic conditions. Inflation needs to be monitored and controlled by considering monetary and non-monetary factors. This study analyzes the development of inflation, chicken meat prices, provincial minimum wages, interest rates for consumption loans, and MSME loans. This study also analyzes the impact of regional inflation determinants and spatial interactions that impact the spillover of regional inflation bu considering the Covid-19 dummy. This study uses monthly data from 34 provinces in Indonesia for 2018-2021 and analyzes using the spatial panel method. The results showed that the price of chicken meat prices and the provincial minimum wage have a significant positive effect on inflation in a province and the nearest province. In contrast, interest rates for consumption loans, MSME loans, and the Covid-19 dummy have a significant negative effect on in a province and the nearest province.
Keyword: Covid-19, Harga, Inflasi, Panel Spasial, Price, Inflation, Spatial Panel

Judul: Penggunaan Teorema Homeomorphy 2-Manifold dan Teorema Euler Poincare pada Torus 𝑇�� dan Simplicial Complex 𝐾��
Abstrak: Two dimensional topological spaces are said to be homeomorphic if they have the same topological invariant, where one of topological invariant used is an Euler characteristic. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem and Euler Poincare’s Theorem are used to distinguish two topological spaces. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem uses Euler characteristic to identify two dimensional topological spaces. Euler Poincare’s Theorem is an alternative way to find Euler characteristic with Betti number, which is topological invariant as well. The objective of this paper is to investigate the homeomorphism of torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾�����. Topological space torus and simplicial complex 𝐾����� have the same Euler characteristic, which is two. Based on Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem topological space torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾����� is homeomorphic.
Keyword: simplicial, torus, Euler, homeomorphism, topology