Judul: Identifikasi varietas Durio Zibethinus berdasarkan sebaran trikoma daun menggunakan glcm dan pnn
Abstrak: Varietas durian yang terdapat di Indonesia memiliki banyak kemiripan. Hal tersebut menyebabkan sebagian orang sulit untuk membedakan varietas durian yang satu dengan yang lainnya. Varietas-varietas durian dapat dibedakan dengan melakukan ekstraksi fitur pada daun durian. Daun merupakan bagian tanaman yang memiliki karakteristik tertentu sehingga memudahkan proses identifikasi jenis tanaman. Salah satu karakteristik yang menjadi penciri pada daun ialah adanya sebaran trikoma. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode GLCM untuk mengekstraksi sebaran trikoma dan PNN untuk proses klasifikasi. Percobaan dilakukan berdasarkan orientasi sudut GLCM 0°, 45°, 90°, dan 135°. Setiap percobaan diuji pada nilai smoothing parameter (σ) PNN 0.1 sampai 0.9. Identifikasi dilakukan terhadap 100 citra daun berukuran 280 x 280 piksel yang berasal dari 10 varietas durian. Percobaan ini menghasilkan akurasi rata-rata tertinggi sebesar 71%.
Keyword: GLCM, texture extraction, trichomes

Judul: Identifikasi Varietas Durio Zibethinus Berdasarkan Sebaran Trikoma Daun Menggunakan GLCM dan KNN
Abstrak: Durio zibethinus known as Durian is a family of Bombacaceae, that can also be categorized into Malvaceae with genus name Durio. The objectives of this research is to apply the Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) feature extraction in trichomes image of durian leaf and identify 10 varieties of Durio zibethinus. This image si captured using microscope camera digital Dino Lite. Trichomes image is captured with 200 times magnification and produce 640x480 pixels of image with BMP format. The initial process is to change Red, Green, Blue (RGB) image into grayscale, followed by performing feature extraction with GLCM. K-fold cross validation with 5-fold is used to divide the training data and testing data. Classification is performed using the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN). It is found that the highest accuracy is 78% at 3 clusters, GLCM's angle 90° and 1 pixel distance
Keyword: Trichomes., K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), K-Fold Cross Validation, Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM)

Judul: Basis of Social Theories for Social Enterprises: Integrative Literature Review
Abstrak: Social enterprise is a hybrid organization aiming to achieve economic and social values that exist as an effective mechanism for creating value in the form of society, economy and environment. The development of social enterprise is considered to have contributed in increasing innovation as well as being a mechanism for ensuring economic development that is in line with social justice. However, the development of theory and study of social enterprise is still lagging behind in practice. The social enterprise conception is a conception that is still considered as a "young term" category in the social sciences and has not shown clear consistency linking social theories to the development of social enterprise. This study aims to identify the basic theories of social enterprise and social theories for social enterprise with used an integrated literature review approach with data sources from Scopus and ProQuest. The results of the study found that socio-economic theory is the basis for social enterprise theory. This study also found the linkages of 7 social theories for social enterprise and the mapping of social theory architecture for social enterprise which is studied on classical and contemporary social theories.
Keyword: integrative literature review, social economic, social enterprise, social theory