Judul: The Effect of Storage and Packaging on Physical Quality and Moisture Content of Rice Brain
Abstrak: Dedak padi merupakan bahan pakan yang biasa digunakan dalam ransum ternak karena cukup banyak tersedia dan disukai ternak. Kelemahan dedak padi selain mengandung zat anti nutrisi juga daya simpannya yang rendah sehingga mudah menurun kualitasnya. Masalah daya simpan dapat diatasi secara teknologi dengan menambahkan bahan pengawet (aditif asam organik) dan penggunaan kemasan kedap udara (hermetik). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial (3 x 4) dengan 4 ulangan, yang terdiri dari faktor lama penyimpanan (0, 30, 60 hari) dan faktor jenis kemasan (karung plastik polipropena, karung goni, kantong plastik polietilena, dan kantong hermetik). Peubah yang diamati yaitu kerapatan tumpukan, kerapatan pemadatan tumpukan, berat jenis, dan kadar air. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam ANOVA (Analyses of Variance) dan bila terjadi perbedaan yang signifikan dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey menggunakan software minitab. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan waktu penyimpanan, jenis kemasan dan interaksi nyata (p<0,05) mempengaruhi nilai kerapatan tumpukan, kerapatan pemadatan tumpukan, berat jenis dan kadar air dedak padi. Selama penyimpanan terjadi penurunan nilai kerapatan tumpukan, kerapatan pemadatan tumpukan, dan berat jenis serta terjadi peningkatan pada nilai kadar air dan jumlah serangan serangga. Perlakuan kantong plastik polietilena dan kantong hermetik seiring dengan penyimpanan (0, 30, dan 60 hari) nyata (p<0,05) lebih tinggi dalam mempertahankan kualitas dedak padi dibanding kemasan karung plastik polipropena dan karung goni. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan kantong plastik polietilena dan kantong hermetik lebih baik dalam mempertahankan kualitas dedak padi dibandingkan karung plastik polipropena dan karung goni dengan waktu optimal penyimpanan antara 30 hari sampai kurang dari 60 hari., Rice bran is a feed ingredient commonly used in livestock rations because it is widely available and favored by livestock. The weakness of rice bran in addition to containing anti-nutritional substances is also a low storability so that it is easy to decrease its quality. This problem may be overcome technologically by adding preservatives (organic acid additives) and the use of anti air packaging (hermetic). This research used a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) (3 x 4) with 4 replications, that consist of factor storage time (0, 30, 60 days) and factor type of packaging (polypropyline plastic sacks, burlap sacks, polyethylene bag, and hermetic bag). The variables observed were bulk density, tapped density, true density and moisture content. The data obtained from the results of the research were analyzed using analyses of variance (ANOVA) and if there was a significant difference followed by the tukey test using minitab software. The results of the research showed that the differences in storage, type of packaging and treatment interaction had a significant effect (p<0.05) on bulk density, tapped density, true density and moisture content. During the storage there was a decrease in the value of bulk density, tapped density and true density and increase in the value of moisture content and insect attaction. The treatment of polyethylene bag and hermetic bag during the storage (0, 30, 60 days) was significantly (p<0.05) higher in maintaining the quality of rice bran than polypropyline plastic sacks and burlap sacks. The conclusion is the use of polyethylene bag and hermetic bag is better in maintaining
Keyword: packaging, physical properties, rice bran, storage

Judul: Impact of Storage Time, Packaging Type and Calcium Propionate Application on Moisture Content and Quality of Physical Properties of Rice Bran
Abstrak: Dedak padi merupakan salah satu bahan pakan yang dapat digunakan pada berbagai jenis ternak dengan ketersediaan cukup tinggi di Indonesia. Selain ketersediaannya melimpah namun dedak padi memiliki daya simpan rendah. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempertahankan kualitas dedak padi selama penyimpanan dengan penggunaan kemasan hermetik (kedap udara) dan pemberian bahan pengawet (kalsium propionat). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial (3 x 4) dengan 4 ulangan, yang terdiri dari faktor waktu penyimpanan (0, 30, dan 60) hari dan faktor jenis kemasan + penambahan bahan pengawet (karung goni + 0 ppm kalsium propionat (P1), karung goni + 160 ppm kalsium propionat (P2), karung hermetik + 0 ppm kalsium propionat (P3) dan karung hermetik + 160 ppm kalsium propionat (P4)). Peubah yang diamati yaitu kadar air, kerapatan tumpukan, kerapatan pemadatan tumpukan dan berat jenis. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) dan bila terjadi perbedaan yang signifikan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan menggunakan software SPSS Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perbedaan waktu penyimpanan, jenis kemasan dan interaksi nyata (p<0.05) mempengaruhi kadar air dan nilai sifat fisik dedak padi. selama penyimpanan kadar air meningkat dan terjadi penurunan nilai kerapatan tumpukan, kerapatan pemadatan tumpukan dan berat jenis serta terjadi peningkatan pada jumlah serangan serangga. Jenis kemasan karung goni dengan dan tidak ditambah kalsium propionat nyata (p<0.05) lebih kecil nilai sifat fisiknya dan kandungan kadar air lebih tinggi dibanding karung hermetik selama penyimpanan (0, 30 dan 60) hari. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan karung hermetik dan penambahan kalsium propionat pada dedak padi dapat mempertahankan kualitas dedak padi selama penyimpanan kurang dari 60 hari., Rice bran is a feed ingredient that is commonly used in animal husbandry and is widely available in Indonesia. In addition to the plentiful availability, rice bran has a low shelf life. Based on this background, this study aims to maintain the quality of rice bran during storage by using hermetic packaging (anti air) and adding preservatives (calcium propionate). This study used a Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) (3 x 4) with 4 replications, that consisted of factor storage time (0, 30, and 60) days and factor type packaging + addition of preservatives (burlap sacks + 0 ppm calcium propionate (P1), burlap sack + 160 ppm calcium propionate (P2), hermetic bag + 0 ppm calcium propionate (P3) and hermetic bag + 160 ppm calcium propionate (P4)). The variables observed were moisture content, bulk density, tapped density and true density. The data obtained from the research results were analyzed using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) and if there was a significant difference followed by the Duncan used software SPSS. The results showed that differences in storage time, type of packaging and treatment interaction had a significant effect (p<0,05) on moisture content and physical properties of rice bran. During storage the moisture content increased and there was a decrease of bulk density, tapped compaction density and true density and increase of insect attaction. The packaging type of burlap sack with and without added calcium propionate (p<0,05) had lower physical properties and contained higher moisture content than hermetic sacks during
Keyword: dedak, hermetik, kalsium propionat, karung goni, sifat fisik, calcium propionate, rice bran, burlap sack, hermetic, phisycal propeties

Judul: Penentuan Nilai Eigen dan Vektor Eigen dari Matriks Tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz dengan Pendekatan Polinomial Chebyshev
Abstrak: The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a matrix can be determined by finding its characteristic polynomials. The characteristic polynomials of a tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz matrix is shown to be closely connected to polynomials which satisfy the Chebyshev recurrence relationship. If the order of the matrix is odd, then the eigenvalues are found explicitly in terms of the Chebyshev zeros and the eigenvectors are found in terms of the polynomials satisfying the recurrence relationship. For even ordered matrices, the situation is more complicated. The problem in these cases is that although the Chebyshev recurrence formula is still applied, its initial values are not generating Chebyshev polynomials
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