Judul: Pengaruh Upah Minimum terhadap Perekonomian di Provinsi Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Upah merupakan salah satu instrumen yang memiliki dua makna berbeda bagi perusahaan dan pekerja sehingga menimbulkan permasalahan yang cukup kompleks dan memerlukan campur tangan pemerintah, salah satunya melalui upah minimum. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh upah minimum terhadap perekonomian di Provinsi Jawa Barat, dengan menggunakan model persamaan simultan serta data pooled time series–cross section 26 kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Barat pada tahun 2009-2013. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa dugaan parameter model sesuai dengan teori. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan dua simulasi, yaitu dengan menaikkan UMK sebesar 10% pada simulasi pertama dan simulasi kedua dilakukan dengan menaikkan UMK dan pengeluaran pemerintah sebesar 10%. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi pertama, kenaikan UMK akan meningkatkan konsumsi, investasi dan PDRB namun menurunkan penyerapan tenaga kerja. Sementara hasil simulasi kedua yaitu meningkatkan konsumsi, investasi dan PDRB serta mengurangi angka penurunan penyerapan tenaga kerja.
Keyword: Economy, Minimum Wages, Province of West Java, Simultaneous Equations Model

Judul: Pengaruh IPM, Upah Minimum, Belanja Pendidikan dan Kesehatan terhadap Kemiskinan di Provinsi Jawa Barat (Periode Tahun 2016-2019)
Abstrak: Kemiskinan adalah salah satu masalah dalam perekonomian Indonesia yang kompleks dan mendasar. Perlu dicari solusi untuk mengatasi atau paling tidak mengurangi tingkat kemiskinan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui variabel IPM, upah minimum, belanja pendidikan dan kesehatan terhadap tingkat kemiskinan di Provinsi Jawa Barat sebagai variabel terikat. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis regresi linear berganda data panel. Data yang digunakan adalah data 27 kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Barat selama periode tahun 2016 – 2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan, IPM, upah minimum, belanja pendidikan dan belanja kesehatan mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap pengangguran terdidik. Secara parsial, IPM, upah minimum dan belanja kesehatan berpengaruh negatif sedangkan belanja pendidikan berpengaruh positif terhadap kemiskinan di Provinsi Jawa Barat., Poverty is one of the problems in Indonesia's economy which is complex and fundamental. It is necessary to find a solution to overcome or at least reduce the level of poverty. This study was conducted to determine the variable HDI, minimum wage, education and health spending on the poverty level in West Java Province as the dependent variable. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression analysis of panel data. The data used is data from 27 districts/cities in West Java Province during the period 2016 – 2019. The results show that simultaneously, HDI, minimum wages, education spending and health spending have a significant influence on educated unemployment. Partially, HDI, minimum wages and health spending have a negative effect, while education spending has a positive effect on poverty in West Java Province.
Keyword: Education Expenditure, Health Expenditure, HDI, Minimum Wage, Poverty

Judul: Application of phycocyanin from microalgae Spirulina platensis as light harvesting in anatase TiO2 nanoparticle solar cell.
Abstrak: The dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) has been assemblied used hybrid titanium oxide (TiO2) film/phycocyanin. The TiO2 film was synthesized by sol gel method with titanium chlorida (TiCl4) as precursor by hydrolysis used sulfuric acid (H2SO4). Furthermore, it calcinated for 2,5 hours in variation of annealing temperature (400oC, 600oC, 800oC, dan 1000oC). In XRD patterns exhibited which annealing temperature at 400oC to 800oC were anatase phase all. When annealed at temperature 1000oC, it caused phase transformation from anatase to rutile. The crystals size according to XRD patterns were 13,75 nm, 20,79 nm, 25,25 nm, 48,88 nm and particle size from SEM images were 43,06 nm, 44,91 nm dan 64,99 nm, 80,40 nm, respectively. The crystals and particle size increased with annealing temperature. The film thickness influenced material absorption. The optical measurement of TiO2 film and TiO2/phycocyanin hybrid film used UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Additional phycocyanin caused peak width of absorbed region from ultraviolet to visible region. The band gap energy of TiO2 can be calculated using the cut off wavelength obtained from the absorbance spectrum of a nanoparticles TiO2 films. Based on intersection between linear and energy (hv) axis. In this study just limited for anatase phase. It was caused anatase band gap is wider than rutile phase. That’s meaningful for solar cell application such as dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC). The absorption coefficient average at difference annealing temperature such as at 400oC, 600oC, 800oC were 8,1600x102, 1,7535x103 and 4,0154x102, where α < 104 include to direct transition. Band gap energy 400oC, 600oC, 800oC were 3,79 eV, 3,59 eV, and 3,35 eV, respectively. Based on this result, exhibition that band gap energy of TiO2 semiconductor film decreased with increasing annealing temperature. Spirulina platensis was cultivated in technical modification (Hastuti) with aeration under light intensity about 3000 lux. The cell density (stationer phase) for eighth day which OD value was more than 0,5. It means, the culture can be harvested. In 80 liters Spirulina platensis culture have been produced biomass dry about 10,46 gram and extracted phycocyanin in dry powders was 5,50 gram. The phycocyanin absorption spectrum at the wavelength of 619,36 nm (visible region) which had relaxation energy was 2,945 eV. The emission peak at the wavelength of 708,55 nm with relaxation energy about 2,793 eV. The Stokes shift based on difference energy absorption and emission calculated about 0,152 eV. Both of this showed phycocyanin can absorbed and radiated the sun light which received. This choice characteristic pigment was a good one related to sensitizer in solar cell application. Integration between light harvesting protein and TiO2 semiconductor surface had important role in improving of output as solar cell materials. The presence of carboxylate group (-COOH) made pigment be more efficient was due to anchored to the surface of TiO2 ampoter. The phycocyanin pigment had carboxylate group which reacted with TiO2 surface formed ester. The carboxylate group increased of dye electronics couple from excited state (p anti bonding orbital) to semiconductor acceptor state (TiO2 conduction band). The samples which made based on annealing temperature variation formed be solar cell respectively. Furthermore, cells be assembled for
Keyword: anatase, dye sensitized solar cell, efficiency, gap energy, phycocyanin