Judul: Profil Asam Lemak dan Asam Amino Gonad Bulu Babi
Abstrak: Sea urchins are one of the biological resources with a high level of species diversity in Indonesia. Most people assume that these sea urchins are harmful animals because they contain poisonous compound and can damage of coral reef communities. Purpose of this research was to determine the chemical composition, fatty acids and amino acids profiles of sea urchins gonads Diadema setosum, Echinothrix calamaris and Echinothrix diadema. The chemical composition, fatty acids and amino acids profile were analyzed using AOAC method. D. setosum gonads contained 60.37% total fatty acids with 29 kinds of fatty acids (11 SAFA, 8 MUFA, 10 PUFA). E. calamaris and E. diadema gonads contained 58.35% and 58.55% total fatty acids with 30 kinds of fatty acids (11 SAFA, 9 MUFA, 10 PUFA). The highest content of fatty acid is palmitic acid (16.55-18.44%). Sea urchins gonads contained unsaturated fatty acids omega-3 (3.16-3.99%), omega-6 (9.21-13.88%), omega-9 (3.95-5.01%), and EPA (2.3-2.89%). Sea urchins gonads contained 15 kinds of amino acids, they are 8 kinds of essential amino acid and 7 kinds of non essential animo acid. D. setosum, E.calamaris and E.diadema gonads contained 13.41%, 10.49% and 10.71% total amino acid.
Keyword: proximate., sea urchins gonads, fatty acids, amino acids

Judul: Profil Asam Lemak dan Asam Amino Gonad Bulu Babi
Abstrak: Sea urchins are one of the biological resources with a high level of species diversity in Indonesia. Most people assume that these sea urchins are harmful animals because they contain poisonous compound and can damage of coral reef communities. Purpose of this research was to determine the chemical composition, fatty acids and amino acids profiles of sea urchins gonads Diadema setosum, Echinothrix calamaris and Echinothrix diadema. The chemical composition, fatty acids and amino acids profile were analyzed using AOAC method. D. setosum gonads contained 60.37% total fatty acids with 29 kinds of fatty acids (11 SAFA, 8 MUFA, 10 PUFA). E. calamaris and E. diadema gonads contained 58.35% and 58.55% total fatty acids with 30 kinds of fatty acids (11 SAFA, 9 MUFA, 10 PUFA). The highest content of fatty acid is palmitic acid (16.55-18.44%). Sea urchins gonads contained unsaturated fatty acids omega-3 (3.16-3.99%), omega-6 (9.21-13.88%), omega-9 (3.95-5.01%), and EPA (2.3-2.89%). Sea urchins gonads contained 15 kinds of amino acids, they are 8 kinds of essential amino acid and 7 kinds of non essential animo acid. D. setosum, E.calamaris and E.diadema gonads contained 13.41%, 10.49% and 10.71% total amino acid.
Keyword: proximate., sea urchins gonads, fatty acids, amino acids

Judul: Bifurkasi Hopf pada Model Siklus Bisnis Kaldor Kalecki tanpa dan dengan Waktu Tunda
Abstrak: Business cycle model is one of dynamical system models in economic. One of the business cycles model is Kaldor-Kalecki model. Kaldor-Kalecki business cycle model that is written in delayed defferential equations, is a business cycle model that involves gross product and capital stock of a company. In this paper Kaldor-Kalecki business cycle model is analyzed using both nondelay and delay in time of capital stock. By Taylor expansion for the time delayed model, an analysis of stability around the fixed points has been done. Furthermore, by using Hopf bifurcation theorem, it can be shown that there exists periodic orbits and limit cycle. In the nondelayed model, changing the parameter of goods market could lead to the occurrence of Hopf bifurcation and the existence of limit cycle. Similarly, for the delayed model, it has been shown that changing the time delay parameter may result in the occurrence of Hopf bifurcation and limit cycle.
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