Judul: Temporal Question Answering System Bahasa Indonesia
Abstrak: Time is an important dimension in information retrieval. Temporal expressions describe time information embedded in the documents. Therefore, extraction and normalization of temporal expressions from documents are crucial. In this research, a question answering system is implemented for temporal information processing from documents in Indonesian language based on four types of temporal question beginning with question words such as siapa (what), kapan (when), di mana (where), and berapa (how many). Implicit time references in document are first normalized and tagged manually into explicit time references. Complex temporal question is divided into simpler questions by using temporal signal detection for specific sequence of events. In order to obtain answer candidates, heuristic weighting is performed on the top passages. Answer extraction is performed using the smallest distance between query and answer candidates. A corpus containing 100 documents and 80 queries is used in this research. Answer evaluation is based on three criteria, namely, Right, Wrong, and Unsupported. The questions are used to evaluate the results of BM25 and Proximity ranking modes. The evaluation for simple temporal questions (Type 1 and 2) using BM25 and Proximity gave the same results at 85% Right answers for Type 1 and 75% for Type 2. The results for complex temporal questions (Type 3 and 4) indicated good performance. The best results were obtained by BM25 at 95% Right answers for Type 3 and 75% for Type 4, while using Proximity resulted in 85% Right answers for Type 3 and 80% for Type 4. We also used our corpus on a nontemporal question answering system by Umriadi in 2011. The results are 60%, 55%, 60%, and 40% Right answers for Type 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively, much lower than our temporal question answering system. Therefore, temporal expression extraction and temporal signal identification are particularly important for handling questions containing temporal information. Our system is able to identify and answer the temporal questions in Indonesian language.
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Judul: Temporal Entity Tagging untuk Dokumen Bahasa Indonesia
Abstrak: One of the processes in document pre-processing is providing identifier tags called Named Entity Tagging. This research aims to implement a temporal entity tagging in Indonesian language documents with rule-based method. Temporal expressions are marked with DATE tag and the temporal value of the expression. Temporal expression comprise explicit expression, implicit expression, and event expression. The rules were obtained by analyzing temporal expressions in 100 Indonesian documents. There are 40 derived rules implemented in this system over 341 temporal expressions in the document. The system could find all of the temporal expressions consisting of 150 explicit temporal expressions, 155 implicit temporal expressions, and 36 event expressions. Also, the evaluation was conducted on 34 other documents. The system can correctly identify as many as 122 of 129 temporal expression contained in the additional documents. The system has achieved an accuracy of 100% for the 100 initial documents and 94.57% for the 34 test documents. Thus, rule-based identification of temporal entities for Indonesian performs well.
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Judul: Koksidiosis Pada Usus Halus Kelinci Yang Disebabkan Oleh Eimeria magna
Abstrak: Penyakit yang disebabkan oleh infeksi protozoa dari genus Eimeria pada usus halus kelinci, disebut kok- sidiosis usus (Intestinal Coccidiosis). Salah satu jenis coccidia penyebabnya adalah E. magna. E. magna ini adalah parasit intraseluler, yang menyerang usus halus kelinci terutama bagian jejunum dan ileum. Dalam siklus hidupnya E. magna mengalami tiga tahap perkembangan, yaitu: 1. Skizogoni. Pada tahap ini terjadi pembentukan skizon, ukurannya berkisar antara 10-20 น. 2. Gametogoni. Pada tahap ini terjadi perkembangan seksual, terjadi lima hari setelah infeksi. 3. Sporogoni. Pada tahap ini terjadi pembentukan spora, bentuk ini dapat menginfeksi kelinci lainnya. Ookista yang bersporulasi dapat menginfeksi kelinci dalam suatu peternakan. Ookista ini berbentuk oval kadang kadang elips, panjangnya 28-42 u dan lebarnya 20-26 u. Apabila kelinci terinfeksi oleh ookista ini, dapat menurunkan berat badan terus menerus dan akhirnya menimbulkan kematian. Kelinci yang berumur muda lebih sering terserang penyakit ini dari pada kelinci dewasa, sehingga sering menyebabkan kerugian pada peternak. Gejala klinis yang terlihat tergantung dari banyaknya jumlah ookista yang termakan oleh kelinci. Kelinci muda sering terinfeksi oleh sejumlah besar ookista yang dapat menyebabkan kematian mendadak tanpa memperlihatkan gejala klinis terlebih dahulu. Pada infeksi akut terlihat gejala-gejala penurunan berat badan, dehidrasi, banyak minum, diare yang hebat dan sering menimbulkan kematian. ...
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