Judul: Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Ekspor Vanili Indonesia.
Abstrak: Vanili merupakan salah satu komoditas ekspor potensial Indonesia. Ekspor vanili Indonesia ditentukan oleh faktor-faktor ekonomi maupun non-ekonomi. Penelitian ini menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi ekspor vanili Indonesia ke negara tujuan ekspornya. Data yang digunakan berupa data sekunder pada 4 negara tujuan ekspor yang sejak tahun 1997-2016 melakukan perdagangan vanili dengan Indonesia antara lain Amerika Serikat, Jerman, Perancis dan Belanda. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel berdasarkan pendekatan gravity model. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa GDP riil negara tujuan, nilai tukar, jarak ekonomi, GDP riil Indonesia, nilai tukar mata, dan dummy krisis ekonomi secara signifikan memengaruhi ekspor vanili Indonesia ke negara tujuan ekspor. Sedangkan faktor produksi vanili domestic dan harga ekspor dinyatakan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap ekspor vanili Indonesia.
Keyword: vanilla, export, gravity model

Judul: Analysis of Competitiveness and the Factors Affecting the Export of Indonesian Vanilla to the ASEAN Countries
Abstrak: Indonesia merupakan negara penghasil vanili kedua terbesar di dunia. Pasar tujuan utama ekspor vanili Indonesia adalah negara maju. Hal ini mengakibatkan ketergantungan ekspor terjadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi pasar ekspor vanili Indonesia lain yaitu ASEAN untuk periode 2011-2020. Metode yang digunakan yaitu RCA, EPD, X-Model, Gravity Model, dan Porter’s Diamond. Hasil RCA menunjukkan vanili Indonesia memiliki keunggulan komparatif di pasar ASEAN. Analisis EPD menunjukkan bahwa posisi pasar vanili Indonesia di Singapura dan Thailand falling star dan posisi retreat di Malaysia. Hasil analisis X-Model menunjukkan Indonesia memiliki pasar potensial di Singapura dan Thailand, namun pasar kurang potensial di Malaysia. Variabel harga vanili Perancis, GDP riil Indonesia, GDP riil negara tujuan, jarak ekonomi, dan nilai tukar riil memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap ekspor vanili Indonesia. Hasil analisis Porter’s Diamond menunjukkan bahwa Industri Penunjang dan Kebijakan Pemerintah paling banyak mendukung daya saing vanili Indoensia, sementara faktor lainnya perlu ditingkatkan., Indonesia is the second largest vanilla producer in the world. Indonesia has a problem of dependence on exports to the main destination countries. This study aims to analyze the potential of another Indonesian vanilla export market, namely ASEAN for the 2011-2020 period. The methods used are RCA, EPD, X Model, Gravity Model, and Porter's Diamond. The RCA results shows that Indonesian vanilla has a comparative advantage in the ASEAN market. EPD analysis shows that the market position of Indonesian vanilla in Singapore and Thailand is falling star and retreat position in Malaysia. X-Model analysis show that Indonesia has a potential market in Singapore and Thailand, but the market is less potential in Malaysia. The variables of French vanilla price, Indonesia's real GDP, real GDP of destination countries, economic distance, and real exchange rate have a significant influence on Indonesian vanilla exports. Porter's Diamond analysis show that the Supporting Industries and Government Policies mostly support the competitiveness of Indonesian vanilla, while other factors need to be improved.
Keyword: EPD, Gravity Model, Porter's Diamond, RCA, X-Model

Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell