Judul: Critical Points and Eigenvalues of Massive Particle Dynamics in Kerr 4+1 Dimensional Geometry
Abstrak: Pada penelitian sebelumnya telah dibentuk persamaan metrik dari geometri Kerr 4+1 dimensi. Penelitian ini memaparkan karakteristik dari geometri tersebut dengan menggunakan persamaan geodesik dan nilai eigen pada komponen dan . Persamaan geodesik memberikan suatu persamaan gerak yang menggambarkan kondisi partikel bermassa di sekitar geometri Kerr 4+1 dimensi pada kondisi karena objek bergerak pada bidang ekuator. Titik kritis didapatkan dengan saling mensubstitusi ekspresi komponen dan dengan bantuan software Wolfram Mathematica 9.0. Hasil nilai eigen yang didapat terdiri dari bilangan real dan imajiner yang berupa positif maupun negatif. Sehingga karakteristik titik kritis tersebut berupa unstable point dan unstable sadle tergantung dengan nilai parameter m, M, a, p, dan q yang disubstitusi., In previous research, only the metric equation of the 4+1 dimensional Kerr geometry has been established. So in this paper describes the characteristics of the geometry using geodesic equation and the eigenvalues of and components. The geodesic equation provides an motion equation that describes condition of the massive particle around the 4+1 dimensional Kerr geometry under the condition because the object moves on the equatorial plane. Critical points are obtained by substituting the expressions of of and components with the help of Wolfram Mathematica 9.0 software. The eigenvalue results obtained consists of real and imaginary numbers that are both positive and negative. So that the characteristics of the critical point are unstable point and unstable saddle depending on the substituted parameter values of m, M, a, p, and q.
Keyword: Nilai Eigen, Titik Kritis, Geometri Kerr 4+1 Dimensi, Partikel Bermassa

Judul: Metric Solution and Electromagnetic Field Tensor of Black Hole in 4+1 Dimensional Kerr-Newman Space-Time
Abstrak: Solusi metrik Kerr-Newman merupakan solusi paling umum untuk black hole. Konstruksi metrik pada dimensi 4+1 didasarkan pada asumsi bahwa hukum-hukum fisika berlaku di semua dimensi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengonstruksi solusi metrik Kerr-Newman 4+1 dimensi beserta tensor medan elektromagnetiknya. Dilakukan pengambilan tebakan, reverse engineering, analisis persamaan medan Einstein, manipulasi aljabar, dan pengambilan limitasi untuk mengonstruksi dan membuktikan solusi metrik dan tensor medan elektromagnetik. Terdapat komponen-komponen off-diagonal pada tensor metrik yang diperoleh. Hal ini berkaitan dengan keberadaan parameter momentum angular a. Keberadaan parameter muatan Q dan parameter momentum angular a pada black hole Kerr-Newman mengindikasikan keberadaan parameter magnetik yang muncul pada black hole Kerr-Newman. Keberadaan parameter magnetik berkontribusi dalam membentuk medan potensial yang diajukan, dimana medan potensial tersebut terbukti benar dengan menganalisis komponen-komponen tensor medan elektromagnetik yang diperoleh., Kerr-Newman metric solution is the most common solution of black hole. Metric construction on 4+1 dimensions based on the assumption that physics law valid in all dimension. The aims of this research is to construct Kerr-Newman metric solution in 4+1 dimension and it’s electromagnetic field tensor. Guesswork, reverse engineering, analysis of Einstein’s field equation, algebraic manipulation, and limitation taking are carried out to construct and prove metric solution and electromagnetic field tensor. There is off-diagonal components in metric tensor obtained. It is related to the existence of angular momentum parameter a. The existence of charge parameter Q and angular momentum parameter a in Kerr-Newman black hole indicates the existence of magnetic parameter which appear in Kerr-Newman black hole. Magnetic parameter existence is contribute in the forming of potential field which submitted, whereby this potential field is proven correct by analyzing electromagnetic field tensor components obtained.
Keyword: Einstein field equation, Electromagnetic field tensor, Kerr-Newman metric solution, Magnetic parameter

Judul: Uji kinerja promoter gen LEAFY dan AGAMOUS tanaman kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) pada tanaman tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L.)
Abstrak: Performance of cocoa’s (Theobroma cacao L.) gene promoters, TcLFY and TcAG, in a tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum L.) used as a plant model has been tested. The two promoters were introduced into the tobacco plant cells using a modified leaf discs method employing Agrobacterium tumifaciens AGL0. The transformed tobacco plant cells were then regenerated and their morphology were observed periodically. The tobacco plants harbouring the gene promoter TcLFY, during regeneration, showed a leaf morphology similar to that of the positive control. However, the growth rate of tobacco plants inserted with promoter TcLFY was faster compared to that of the positive control. Tobacco plants harbouring gene promoter TcAG, during regeneration, showed imperfect leaf morphology. The growth rate of these tobacco plants was slower than that of the positive control and of the tobacco plants inserted harbouring gene promoter TcLFY. These results indicated that the introduced promoters affect the morphology of the tobacco plants. In order to further confirm the presence of the GFP gene and activation of TcLFY: GFP and TcAG: GFP, a molecular verification test was carried out. Variation of sucrose concentration in the media was made to examine the effect of sucrose on the activity promoters TcAG and TcLFY in tobacco plants. The sucrose concentration tested were 0%, 0,5% and 4% followed by observation on the 3rd and 7th day of cultivation. At 0% sucrose concentration the tobacco plants harbouring promoter TcLFY showed yellowish leaf, while those cultivated in the media with sucrose concentration of 0.5% and 4% grew well and normal. This indicated that sucrose affects the activity of the promoter TcLFY in tobacco plants. Tobacco plants inserted with promoter TcAG did not show significant morphological changes when grown in a medium of 0%, 0,5% or 4% sucrose concentration. This indicated that addition of sucrose does not significantly affect the induction of expression of the AG gene and the activation of the promoter TcAG.
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