Judul: Light Microscope Study of ConnectiveTissue in The Spleen of Common Rousette Bat (Rousettus amplexicaudatus)
Abstrak: The spleen is the largest lymphoid organ. As a secondary lymphoid organ, in addition to its immune function, the spleen also has functions as blood filtration, storage, and hematopoiesis. The spleen has different morphologies between species that support different physiological functions, one of which is the difference in the structure of the capsule and trabeculae. Capsule and trabeculae of the spleen generally consist of connective tissue and smooth muscle. The thickness of smooth muscle composed together with connective tissue in the capsule and trabecula determines the function of the spleen that is divided spleen into three storage, defense, and intermediate. Bats are the reservoir of various zoonotic diseases. Bats are thought to have unique immune systems compared to other mammals but the characteristics of its immune organs such as the spleen have never been studied before. This study was conducted to examine the characteristics of capsulae and trabecula of the Common Rousette (Rousettus amplexicaudatus).
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Judul: Gambaran Histopatologi Organ Limpa pada Kalong Asal Gorontalo
Abstrak: Acerodon celebensis and Pteropus hypomelanus are species of Chiroptera that lived at Gorontalo. Those species are known as fruit bats that has potential as reservoir host for several zoonosis cases. The aim of this study was to determine the health status of Gorontalo’s fruit bats through the overview histopathology of spleen. Nine samples were used in this research that consist of seven spleens of Acerodon celebensis and two spleens of Pteropus hypomelanus that had been fixed in a solution of Buffer Neutral Formalin 10%. Observations were made by looking at the state of the red pulp and white pulp by using three different staining is Hematoxylin-Eosin, Congo Red, and Periodic Acid Schiff. Nine samples were observed by using Hematoxylin-Eosin showed the presence of inflammation and excessive accumulation of hemosiderin pigment. The result of Congo Red staining showed two positive samples with the presence accumulation of amyloid and Periodic Acid Schiff staining showed six positive samples with the presence accumulation of carbohydrates. Three samples of six positive samples showed microorganisms were suspected belongs to systemic mycosis. The conclusions of this research showed chronic inflammation in fruit bats spleen and were suspected due to systemic infection of Blastomyces dermatitidis.
Keyword: Acerodon celebensis, fruit bats, histopathology, Pteropus hypomelanus, spleen

Judul: Prakondisi Pembentukan KUD di Desa Hegarmanah Kecamatan Cimaragas, Kabupaten Ciamis
Abstrak: Banyak usaha pemerintah untuk menaikkan pendapatan petani di pedesaan, salah satunya adalah pengembangan Koperasi Unit Desa (KUD). Pembentukan KUn selama i n i datangyan dari atas .(perner r i n t a h ) , sebagai bagjLan dari s t r a t e g i pembangurran pedesaan. Pembentukan KUD y ang tergesa-gesa, ternyata kebanyakan mengalami kegagalan sehingga merugikan gerakan koperasi. Karena i t u diperlukan penelaahan prakondisi pembentukan KUD, sebelum KUD tersebut didirikan. Prakondisi artiny a persyaratan-persyaratan minimum (KUD sebagai perkump u l a orang, sebagai perusahaan dan faktor-faktor ekstern) yang harus dipenuhi agar KUD memperoleh kesempatan yang wajar dan berhasil. Pemerintah telah b e r i n i s i a t i f mendirikan KUD di Desa Hegarmanah, dengan mendirikan GLK (gudang Lantai ~ i o s )pa - $.a- tahun 1982. Akan t e t a p i sampai Juni 1986, di Desa Hegarmanah belurn ada KUD.
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