Judul: Analisis Kekuatan Struktur Pada Bangunan 8 Lantai Berdasarkan Respon Spektrum SNI 03-1726-2019 Menggunakan SAP2000
Abstrak: Suatu struktur bangunan gedung atas beberapa elemen penyusun strukturnya. Indonesia merupakan daerah rawan gempa karena dilalui oleh jalur pertemuan 3 lempeng tektonik. Upaya mitigasi kegagalan struktur di Indonesia akibat gempa sangat perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui kondisi kinerja struktur bangunan tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan pemodelan menggunakan software SAP2000 serta menganalisis kekuatan struktur pada bangunan 8 lantai terhadap gempa. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan tiga skenario dengan metode respon spektrum. Penyesuaian as built drawing perlu dilakukan karena terdapat perbedaan antara gambar rencana dengan kondisi existing. Pada hasil identifikasi kegagalan struktur Gedung X terdapat kegagalan pada saat beban gempa diinputkan. Terdapat 2 frames yang mengalami overstress pada skenario tiga. Berdasarkan hasil analisis simpangan antar lantai dan efek P-Δ, Gedung X dinilai aman karena nilai yang didapat tidak melebihi simpangan izin. Rekomendasi struktur berupa penambahan dimensi kolom menjadi 500 mm × 500 mm, serta pembesaran diameter tulangan menjadi 32 mm., A building structure consists of several structural elements. Indonesia is an earthquake-prone area because it is traversed by the meeting point of 3 tectonic plates. Mitigation of structural failures in Indonesia due to earthquakes really needs to be done to determine the performance conditions of these building structures. The purpose of this research is to perform modeling using SAP2000 software and to analyze the structural strength of an 8-storey building against earthquakes. The research was conducted using three scenarios with the response spectrum method. Adjustments to the as built drawings need to be made because there are differences between the plans and the existing conditions. In the identification results of the failure of the X Building structure there is a failure when the earthquake load is input. There are 2 frames that experience overstress in scenario three. Based on the analysis of the deviation between floors and the P-Δ effect, Building X is considered safe because the value obtained does not exceed the permit deviation. Structural recommendations include adding column dimensions to 500 mm × 500 mm, and increasing the reinforcement diameter to 32 mm.
Keyword: Gempa, Respon spektrum, SAP2000, Struktur

Judul: Analisis Kinerja Struktur Gedung Asrama A5 IPB terhadap Beban Gempa dengan Metode Analisis Respon Spektrum
Abstrak: Karena banyaknya aktifitas di gedung bertingkat yang menyangkut keselamatan banyak orang, pembangunan gedung tinggi di Indonesia harus mengikuti standarisasi bangunan tahan gempa. Tujuan penelitian ini melakukan pemodelan dan pembebanan struktur menggunakan software SAP2000, menganalisis struktur atas gedung dengan analisis respon spektrum dan mengetahui ketahanan struktur atas gedung Asrama A5 IPB terhadap beban gempa berdasarkan SNI 1726:2019. Penelitian diawali dengan studi literatur, dilanjutkan dengan pengumpulan data, pemodelan struktur, perhitungan pembebanan, analisis struktur dan evaluasi struktur. Partisipasi massa dari struktur yang dimodelkan telah mencapai lebih dari 90% sehingga telah sesuai syarat di SNI. Gaya geser dasar dinamik kurang dari 100% dari gaya geser dasar statik sehingga perlu diberikan faktor skala. Nilai faktor skala yang diberikan pada arah X adalah 1,579 dan pada arah Y adalah 1,896. Secara keseluruhan simpangan antar tingkat yang terjadi tidak melebih simpangan izin yang disyaratkan. Sehingga gedung aman terhadap keruntuhan akibat beban gempa yang ditinjau berdasarkan keamanaan terhadap kinerja batas ultimit., Due to the many activities in high-rise buildings that involve the safety of many people, the construction of high-rise buildings in Indonesia must follow the standardization of earthquake-resistant buildings. The purpose of this study is to model and load structures using SAP2000 software, analyze the superstructure of the building with response spectrum analysis and determine the resistance of the superstructure of the A5 IPB Dormitory building to earthquake loads based on SNI 1726:2019. The research begins with a literature study, followed by data collection, structural modeling, loading calculations, structural analysis and structural evaluation. Mass participation from the modeled structure has reached more than 90% so that it has complied with the requirements in SNI. The dynamic base shear is less than 100% of the static base shear, so it is necessary to give a scale factor. The scale factor value given in the X direction is 1.579 and in the Y direction is 1.896. Overall, the deviation between levels that occurred did not exceed the required permit deviation. So that the building is safe against collapse due to earthquake loads which are reviewed based on the safety of the ultimate limit performance.
Keyword: base shear, deviation, earthquake, spectrum response

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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