Judul: Analisis Peran Pendidikan Dalam Mengatasi Ketimpangan Distribusi Pendapatan Indonesia
Abstrak: Income inequality is one of the major development problem that can be solved through development of human resources. It was done by improving the quality of human capital through education. This study aims to explain the income inequality and the development of education in Indonesia and also to analize the role of education towards the reduction of income inequality by using panel data method. The data of this study includes 33 provinces in Indonesia during the years 2006 until 2011 is using variables : gini index, average length of school, the number of dropouts by level of education, GDP per capita, the ratio of government expenditure from education sector, and labor productivity. This study finds that school enrollment rates, average length of schools, the number of school dropouts in senior and junior high school, and GDP per capita have positive effect whereas other variables have negative effect with income inequality. The government needs to create the educational curriculum that can improve the skills thus economic independence and social welfare can be increased.
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Judul: Peran Pendidikan terhadap Pengurangan Kemiskinan di Indonesia
Abstrak: Poverty is one of the development problem faced by every country. Indonesia as one of the largest archipelagic country, still faces many challenges in reducing poverty especially because its characteristic varied across regions. Improving the quality of human resources through education is believed as one of the solution to alleviate poverty because it can increase human productivity and improve welfare. This study aims at analyzing the role of education towards poverty and divided it by the level of education. Using panel data of 33 provinces during the years 2007-2010, this study finds that education –in general– has a significant role to reduce poverty in Indonesia, especially for secondary education and higher education. Otherwise, primary education has positif role to increase the level of poverty. Economic growth, as an indirect effect of education on poverty, also has a significant role in reducing poverty in Indonesia.
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Judul: Mud Crab’s (Scylla serrata Forskal 1775) Response to Different Decaying Level of Gold Snail (Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck 1822) Bait
Abstrak: Mud crab is well known as omnivorous-vigorous-voracious-opportunistic-scavenger. These intertidal animals applies mainly chemoreception in their predatory behaviour. It has been commonly assumed that non fresh gold snail bait is better than fresh bait in stimulating the mud crab. This research's aim is to analyze mud crab response to different decaying level of gold snail bait. Their response were observed as time required to touch the bait and pattern and direction of the mud crab in approaching the baits. The different decaying level of gold snail baits were shown on Total Volatile Base Nitrogen (TVBN) as 16.3 mg/100g (0 day); 534.1 mg/100g (3 days); and 887.4 mg/100g (6 days). The research was conducted from July 2009 until February 2011. The TVBN test for gold snail baits were conducted at Laboratory of BBPPHP Jakarta. The experiment was conducted in Pemalang. The result showed that the average period of mud crabs to touch the baits were 52.14 minutes; 61.57 minutes and 52.57 minutes. Anova test concluded no sufficient evidence of significant effect of TVBN content of gold snail bait on mud crab’s feeding behaviour. Movement pattern B, i.e. left and right deviation followed by straight forward movement to the bait, was commonly exhibited by the crabs. Consequences of time period required by the mud crab to approach the bait on fishing operation is discussed.
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