Judul: Model Permintaan dan Penawaran Kayu di Indonesia
Abstrak: Informasi yang diperlukan untuk strategi pembangunan pemenuhan permintaan domestik kayu yang dapat berisi formulasi model penawaran dan permintaan yang mampu menerangkan penawaran dalam negeri dan pola pertumbuhan permintaan kayu.
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Judul: Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Penawaran Kayu Bulat Hutan Alam di Indonesia
Abstrak: Kayu merupakan hasil utama yang diambil dari hutan, yang dapat berupa kayu bulat dan kayu olahan. Sejak awal, pembangunan sektor kehutanan lebih terkonsentrasi pada industri kayu bulat dikarenakan produk ini merupakan produk utama sektor kehutanan yang menjadi tombak penghasil devisa. Untuk meningkatkan industri pengolahan kayu serta untuk mengatasi permasalahan deforestasi, pemerintah telah mengeluarkan beberapa kebijakan pengelolaan hutan, di antaranya adalah kebijakan larangan ekspor kayu bulat. Pengembangan industri kayu bulat dalam negeri di Indonesia harus didukung oleh pemerintah sehingga dapat terus berjalan dengan baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh pada penawaran kayu bulat hutan alam di Indonesia, dan (2) menganalisis dampak kebijakan pelarangan ekspor kayu bulat dan skenario peningkatan jumlah ekspor kayu bulat serta skenario peningkatan Provisi Sumberdaya Hutan (PSDH) dan Dana Reboisasi (DR) terhadap penawaran kayu bulat hutan alam di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data time series tahun 1995 – 2011. Spesifikasi model penawaran kayu bulat hutan alam terdiri dari 3 persamaan (2 persamaan struktural dan 1 persamaan identitas), dianalisis menggunakan model ekonometrika dalam bentuk persamaan simultan dan diestimasi dengan mengggunakan metode estimasi Two Stage Least Square (2SLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi, ekspor, dan inventarisasi stok kayu bulat hutan alam merupakan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi penawaran kayu bulat hutan alam Indonesia. Peningkatan PSDH dan DR akan meningkatkan produksi dan penawaran kayu bulat hutan alam Indonesia. PSDH dan DR perlu dipertahankan demi terus memotivasi perusahaan dalam melakukan kegiatan bisnis hasil hutan yang sehat dan agar pemerintah juga mendapat jaminan penerimaan jangka panjang.
Keyword: hutan, penawaran, kayu bulat hutan alam, larangan ekspor kayu bulat

Judul: DNA Extraction and Characterization of Salmonella‟s Lytic Bacteriophage Genome
Abstrak: Bacteriophages are ubiquitous in nature and are known to proliferate wherever their bacterial hosts exist. Their virion particles can exist independently outside the host, however all phages are need their host to propagate. Several phages are highly specific to host cell surface receptors and any slight changes in structure results in little or no interaction between the phage and its host. Salmonella‟s phage isolated from sewage water where their bacteria exist. Three isolated of phages (phages 15, 19 and 38) were used in this research that concentrated using three types of methods. PEG/ NaCl method was firstly used to concentrate the phages based on their molecular weight to precipitate the phage particles during centrifugation. The second method was Scraping Plaque method. In this method, overlay plaques were scraped and collected in SM buffer to get phage concentrates. Enrichment method was the last method used to concentrate the phages. Phage genome isolation was done using two methods i.e. EDTA/SDS and Proteinase K methods. The first method was done using DNase I to eliminate bacterial DNA followed by SDS/EDTA treatment to release phages DNA and phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol to extract the DNA. DNA was collected by isopropanol extraction. While in Proteinase K method, bacterial DNA was eliminated by DNase I and Proteinase K/SDS was used to degrade phages capsids and ethanol for DNA precipitation. The result showed that PEG/NaCl method resulted the highest phage concentration for phage 15 and phage 19, while scrapping method was the highest for phage 38. The quantity and purity of extracted DNA were low for PEG/NaCl and Scraping methods, while Enrichment method was higher indicated higher purity. Run on agarose gel electrophoresis of extracted DNA confirmed that Enrichment method results were the best while scraping and PEG/NaCl method was appeared smear background. Based on DNA genome size determination, the bacteriphages of Salmonella sp were comparable with other study of Salmonella phages. Phage P15 with genome size of 39,5 kb was close to phage epsilon15. Phage P19 with genome size of 41 kb was close to phage ST160. And phage P38 with genome size of 48,5 kb was close to phage Gifsy-1.
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