Judul: Studi kasus : gambaran histopatologi organ ginjal pada kalong di Gorontalo
Abstrak: Fruit bats were world wide distributed mammals including in Indonesia. This study used samples called Kalong Gorontalo (KG) of the kidney from three species of fruit bats (Acerodon celebensis, Dobsonia exoleta, and Pteropus hypomelanus) from Gorontalo, North Sulawesi. The aims of this study were to find out the histology overview and pathology condition from the kidney to know the pathogenesis of the disease that infected those fruit bats. Histological overview used Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) shows that the cell and tissue in all of the samples had some pathology condition such as : hydropic swelling, degeneration, necrosis, protein deposition in the tubulus lumen, and dilatation of tubulus lumen. Some of the samples that were KG 1, 4, 5, 6, 21, and 26 showed positive reaction with Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS), it means that there were glycogen deposition in kidney. In addition, sample KG 7 showed positive reaction PAS with budding cell inside that indicated a systemic mycosis.
Keyword: Acerodon celebensis, Dobsonia exoleta, fruit bats, kidney, Pteropus hypomelanus.

Judul: Gambaran Histopatologi Organ Limpa pada Kalong Asal Gorontalo
Abstrak: Acerodon celebensis and Pteropus hypomelanus are species of Chiroptera that lived at Gorontalo. Those species are known as fruit bats that has potential as reservoir host for several zoonosis cases. The aim of this study was to determine the health status of Gorontalo’s fruit bats through the overview histopathology of spleen. Nine samples were used in this research that consist of seven spleens of Acerodon celebensis and two spleens of Pteropus hypomelanus that had been fixed in a solution of Buffer Neutral Formalin 10%. Observations were made by looking at the state of the red pulp and white pulp by using three different staining is Hematoxylin-Eosin, Congo Red, and Periodic Acid Schiff. Nine samples were observed by using Hematoxylin-Eosin showed the presence of inflammation and excessive accumulation of hemosiderin pigment. The result of Congo Red staining showed two positive samples with the presence accumulation of amyloid and Periodic Acid Schiff staining showed six positive samples with the presence accumulation of carbohydrates. Three samples of six positive samples showed microorganisms were suspected belongs to systemic mycosis. The conclusions of this research showed chronic inflammation in fruit bats spleen and were suspected due to systemic infection of Blastomyces dermatitidis.
Keyword: Acerodon celebensis, fruit bats, histopathology, Pteropus hypomelanus, spleen

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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