Judul: Evaluasi Kualitas Fisik Tepung Inti Sawit dengan Bahan Pengisi Onggok dan Gaplek selama Penyimpanan
Abstrak: Tingginya harga bahan pakan impor menyebabkan harga ransum menjadi tinggi, sehingga perlu dilakukan peningkatan efisiensi penggunaan bahan pakan lokal untuk mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap bahan pakan impor. Meningkatnya kebutuhan ternak terhadap pakan mendorong terciptanya bahan pakan yang berkualitas. Kualitas bahan pakan dapat diuji dengan menggunakan beberapa metode salah satunya adalah uji fisik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur perubahan sifat fisik tepung inti sawit selama penyimpanan dengan bahan pengisi onggok dan gaplek. Taraf perlakuan yang diberikan adalah P1 (100% inti sawit), P2 (15% onggok + 85% inti sawit), P3 (30% onggok + 70% inti sawit), P4 (45% onggok + 55% inti sawit), P5 (15% gaplek + 85% inti sawit), P6 (30% gaplek + 70% inti sawit), dan P7 (45% gaplek + 55% inti sawit). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola Faktorial (7x3) dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah jenis bahan perlakuan (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, dan P7) dan faktor kedua adalah lamanya penyimpanan (0, 4, dan 8 minggu). Peubah yang diamati adalah perubahan berat jenis (kg/m3), kerapatan tumpukan (kg/m3), kerapatan pemadatan tumpukan (kg/m3), sudut tumpukan (°), ukuran partikel (mm), dan pH bahan. Jika terdapat hasil yang berbeda nyata diuji lanjut dengan menggunakan uji kontras ortogonal.
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Judul: Evaluasi Kualitas Fisik dan Bilangan Asam Pakan Mengandung Tepung Inti Sawit yang Ditambah Pollard atau Dedak selama Penyimpanan
Abstrak: High production in palm kernel oil industry may open opportunities in the utilization of palm kernel into feed ingredients. The study was aimed to determine physical properties and acid value of diets containing palm kernel powder in room temperature. The analysis of experiment which have been used is CRD Factorial (2 x 3) with factor A were (feed containing palm kernel powder + pollard) and R2 (feed containing palm kernel + rice bran), factor B was storage time (0, 3, 6 weeks) with three repetition. The physical properties evaluated were density, bulk density, compacted bulk density, angle of respose, particle size, pellet durability, treshold energy, organoleptic, and water content. The results showed that R1 had a higher compacted bulk density than R2. The diet treatments did not significantly affect the density, bulk density, angle of respose, particle size, and treshold energy. An increase of acid value and decrease of pellet durability was occurred at the 3rd week of storage. In concluded that both of diets could not be stored for more than three weeks at room temperature.
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Judul: Mitochondrial DNA Gene Organization and Phylogenetic Relationship of Naja siamensis
Abstrak: Naja siamensis is one of Asiatic cobra in the Family of Elapidae, known as a cryptic snake. It has many morphological variations that lead to misidentification. Misidentification can cause the wrong concept in developing antivenom types due to high snakebite cases occur in Thailand. Thus, an accurate species identification using a molecular approach is crucially required. Mitochondrial DNA has been used widely in snake molecular studies. These studies were aimed to determine the arrangement of the N. siamensis partial mitochondrial genes using reptile-oriented primers and to reveal the phylogenetic relationship among other species of Asian cobra. DNA extraction was carried out based on the standard DNA salting-out protocol and was conducted by bioinformatics analysis using BLASTn and MEGA 6 software. Gene annotation was performed against N. kaouthia complete genome. A total of 3121 bp of N. siamensis mtDNA genes were sequenced consisting of partial of six regions: 16S rRNA, ND1, tRNA-Ile, CRII region, tRNA-Leu, tRNA-Gln, and COI genes. The mtDNA gene organization of N. siamensis was predicted to has a similar pattern with the common Elapidae mtDNA gene organization. This study showed that there is a monophyletic form in Naja genus and N. kaouthia is the closest species with N. siamensis based on partial 16S rRNA and ND1 gene.
Keyword: 16S rRNA, Elapidae, ND1, phylogenetic relationship