Judul: Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Tabungan Nasional: Studi Empiris di 28 Negara (2007-2011)
Abstrak: Based on Solow growth theory, saving is one of the factors of high output. Some researches show factors that influence national saving, such as growth, inflation, real interest rate, and Age Dependency Ratio. This research compares determinants of national saving in poor country, developing country dan developed country This study used static panel data for 6 poor countries, 11 developing countries and 9 developed countries. This study used annual data from 2007-2011. Variables used in this research are national saving, budget deficit, inflation, real interest rate, growth, and Age Dependency Ratio. The result shows that determinants of national saving in poor countries are Age Dependency Ratio, budget deficit, and inflation. In Developing countries, the determinants are Age Dependency Ratio, growth and budget deficit. While in developed countries, the determinants of national saving are Age Dependency Ratio, budget deficit, and real interest rate.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University, national saving., panel data, poor country, developed country, developing country

Judul: The Influence of Foreign Debt and Domestic Savings on Economic Growth in ASEAN Countries.
Abstrak: Pertumbuhan ekonomi antar suatu negara dengan negara lain tentunya tidak akan memiliki kondisi dan tingkat perubahan yang sama, begitupun dengan negara-negara yang ada di ASEAN. Berdasarkan studi empiris, terdapat beberapa faktor yang menjadi pendorong maupun penghambat dalam mencapai pertumbuhan ekonomi yang cepat, diantaranya sumber daya modal, yaitu utang luar negeri dan tabungan domestik. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh utang ular negeri dan tabungan domestik terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi pada 9 negara anggota ASEAN selama periode 2008-2018. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisi Panel Data untuk melihat pengaruh masing-masing variabel pada setiap negara. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa variabel utang luar negeri, tabungan domestik, pertumbuhan populasi dan pembentukan modal tetap bruto memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap variabel pertumbuhan ekonomi. Sedangkan, variabel pengeluaran total pemerintah, dan inflasi memberikan pengaruh yang tidak signifikan terhadap variabel pertumbuhan ekonom, Economic growth between one country and another will certainly not have the same conditions and level of change, as well as the countries in ASEAN. Based on empirical studies, several factors are both drivers and obstacles in achieving rapid economic growth, including capital resources, namely foreign debt and domestic savings. This study analyzes the effect of domestic snake debt and domestic savings on economic growth in 9 ASEAN member countries during the period 2008-2018. The analytical method used is Panel Data analysis to see the effect of each variable in each country. The estimation results show that foreign debt, domestic savings, population growth and gross fixed capital formation variables have a significant influence on the economic growth variables. Meanwhile, the variables of total government expenditure and inflation have no significant effect on the variable of economic growth.
Keyword: Economic Growth, Foreign Debt, Domestic Savings

Judul: Sintesis Flavonol melalui 2’-Hidroksikalkon
Abstrak: Flavonol is a class of flavonoids commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Flavonol is very useful, especially in food sector and health. In this study, flavonol unsubstituted was successfully synthesized from an intermediate material 2’-hydroxychalcone. The 2’-hydroxychalcone was synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation method between o-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde using 4 different catalysts, namely KOH 60%, solid pellet of KOH-grinding technique, BF3-Et2O, and NaH in DMF. The KOH 60% was the best catalyst, giving the highest yield (57%). Afterward, the flavonol was synthesized in 1-stage oxidation cyclization of o-hydroxyacetophenone using Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction, giving 76%. The flavonol total yield from 2’-hydroxychalcone was 43%. All synthesized products were characterized by their melting points and their spectra. The success of the synthesis flavonol opens the way to synthesis of useful flavonol derivatives such as quercetin and kaempferol.
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