Judul: Competitiveness Analysis of Indonesian Cocoa Beans: Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) Approach (Case Study PT Perkebunan Nusantara XII)
Abstrak: Komoditas perkebunan Indonesia berpotensi untuk menjadi salah satu andalan ekspor komoditas pertanian Indonesia . Beberapa komoditas perkebunan yang potensial untuk dikembangkan menjadi andalan ekspor adalah kelapa sawit, karet, teh, kopi, dan kakao. Perkebunan kakao Indonesia pada tahun 2013 melibatkan 1 792 940 rumah tangga petani kakao (Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan, 2014). Tumbuhnya kawasan perkebunan kakao menunjukkan tren positif., Indonesian plantation commodities are potential to be one of the aces of Indonesian agricultural exports comodities. Some of plantation commodities which are potential to be developed into export commodity aces are palm oil, rubber, tea, coffee, and cocoa. Indonesian cocoa plantation in 2013 involved 1,792,940 cocoa farmer households (Indonesian Directorate General of Plantation, 2014).
Keyword: Cocoa Beans, PAM Analysis, Competitiveness

Judul: Analisis dayasaing dan dampak kebijakan pemerintah terhadap komoditas kakao (Kasus : PTPN VIII Kebun Cikumpay Afdeling Rajamandala Bandung)
Abstrak: This study identifies competitiveness of cacao. The objectives of this study are to analyze competitiveness of cacao in PTPN VIII Cikumpay Rajamandala, to analyze government policy effect in competitiveness of cacao in PTPN VIII Cikumpay Rajamandala, and to analyze the change effect of productivity, cacao price, and exchange rate of rupiah to competitiveness of cacao in PTPN VIII Cikumpay Rajamandala. This research uses Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) to analyze the data. The results suggest that cacao from PTPN VIII Rajamandala have competitiveness. Value of PCR (0.92) and DRC (0.95) reveal that cacao have comparative and competitive advantages. The value of NPCO indicates that government policy (basic price for PTPN) is support competitiveness of cacao, but the value of NPCI shows that governnment policy (removal of fertilizer subsidies for PTPN) is not support competitiveness of cacao. Sensitivity analysis indicates that productivity, price of cacao and exchange rate of rupiah influence the competitiveness of cacao in PTPN VIII Cikumpay Rajamandala West Java. Key word: Cacao, Competitiveness, Policy Analysis Matrix, government policy effect, sensitivity analysis.
Keyword: 

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
Keyword: