Judul: Improving Business Environment to Strengthen the Competitiveness of Patchouli Oil Industry in Aceh Jaya Regency
Abstrak: Historically, Aceh was formerly a major patchouli oil-producing area in Indonesia. Lamentably, this time the market migration has shifted to Sulawesi, which is the central producing island, and only slightly material originating from Aceh. Though the pattern is unfavorable, many buyers have sought Aceh patchouli, scientifically proven that it can produce quality oil with low acid content and high patchouli alcohol. Aceh has its innate characteristic that is suitable for patchouli plants, so that almost all areas in Aceh have the potential to cultivate patchouli. The selection of Aceh Jaya as the research location was due to Aceh Jaya representing a very strategic district and quite affordable for various parties. At present, the interest of farmers to cultivate patchouli in Aceh Jaya has considerably decreased, even though the market demand for patchouli oil is quite high. Massive market demand is not enough to make farmers eager to cultivate patchouli. In the current cycle, farmers rely more on the patchouli oil price. The uncertain oil price affects the amount of patchouli oil produced. The limited capital resource represents the major problem that makes the oil produced thin out. Hence, interviews with experts using Porter Diamond Model were conducted to determine the major factors inhibiting the current condition. The results reveal the total values that most influencing current conditions are human resource (4), capital resource (4), unstable selling prices (4), patchouli distiller (3), similar industries with large and complete capacities (3.6), develop a roadmap for patchouli development in Aceh Jaya (3.4), and business climate (3). Then, the selected factors are elaborated into 25 conditions using a SWOT analysis. From the analysis, the weaknesses of current patchouli oil production are determined by experts, namely, poor accessibility (0.17), lack of farmers (0.61), limited capital (0.61), the use of simple technology (0.49), and no partnership with suppliers (0.18). In the further step, using the SWOT matrix, strategies were identified in the W-T strategy or defensive strategy. Elements include financial institution accessibility, technology advancement, partnerships, and counseling, training, and mentoring. Finally, the survival strategy is elaborate using AHP with a priority element: financial institution accessibility (0.3111). Then, the high priority of the actors involved is producers (0.3690). Lastly, the factor that indicates the increase in the business environment is the capital resource (0.3742).
Keyword: Business Environment, Competitiveness, Patchouli Oil Industry

Judul: Factors Affecting Patchouli Production Risk in West  Pasaman Regency
Abstrak: Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth) merupakan salah satu komoditas penting perkebunan Indonesia yang memiliki nilai tinggi. Salah satu provinsi peghasil nilam di Indonesia adalah Sumatera Barat dengan Kabupaten Pasaman Barat sebagai sentra produksi. Kecamatan Kinali dan Kecamatan Luhak Nan Duo menjadi dua Kecamatan yang menjadi sentra nilam di Kabupaten Pasaman Barat. Produksi nilam Indonesia dari tahun ke tahun cenderung berfluktuasi. Hal ini juga terjadi di Kabupaten Pasaman Barat. Dilihat dari nilai koefisien variasi (CV) produksi nilam di Kabupaten Pasaman Barat cenderung bervariasi. Hal ini mengindikasikan adanya risiko produksi nilam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis pengaruh faktor-faktor produksi terhadap risiko produksi nilam di Kecamatan Kinali dan Kecamatan Luhak Nan Duo, Kabupaten Pasaman Barat. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 60 petani responden. Penelitian ini menggunakan model Just and Pope dalam menganalisis risiko produksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang mengurangi risiko produksi adalah TKLK, pupuk anorganik, dan pestisida cair sedangkan faktor yang menyebabkan risiko adalah TKDK dan bibit. Faktor produksi yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap variance produksi nilam adalah TKDK, TKLK, pupuk anorganik, dan bibit., Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth) is one of the important plantation commodities in Indonesia which has a high value. One of the patchouli-producing provinces in Indonesia is West Sumatra with West Pasaman Regency as a production center. Kinali District and Luhak Nan Duo District are two sub-districts that are the center of patchouli in West Pasaman Regency. Indonesian patchouli production tends to fluctuate from year to year. This also happened in West Pasaman Regency. Judging from the value of the coefficient of variation (CV) patchouli production in West Pasaman District tends to vary. This indicates a risk of patchouli production. This study aims to identify and analyze the influence of production factors on the risk of patchouli production in Kinali District and Luhak Nan Duo District, West Pasaman Regency. The sample in this study amounted to 60 respondent farmers. This study uses the Just and Pope model in analyzing production risk. The results showed that the factors that reduced production risk were TKLK, inorganic fertilizers, and liquid pesticides, while the factors that caused risk were TKDK and seeds. Production factors that had a significant effect on the variance of patchouli production were TKDK, TKLK, anorganic fertilizers, and seeds.
Keyword: Just and pope, coefficient of variation, patchouli, production risk

Judul: Cycle Hamilton pada Graf Lengkap, Graf Regular, dan Graf 2-Connected 4-Regular Berorder Kurang dari Sepuluh
Abstrak: Suatu graf disebut graf Hamilton apabila graf tersebut memuat cycle Hamilton, yaitu cycle yang melewati setiap vertex tepat satu kali. Menentukan keberadaan cycle Hamilton pada suatu graf dapat menggunakan syarat cukup yang berupa teorema-teorema yang telah diperkenalkan sejak tahun 1950-an. Beberapa syarat cukup yang dibahas dalam karya ilmiah ini adalah syarat cukup yang berhubungan dengan graf lengkap dan graf regular. Suatu graf lengkap berorder 𝑛������ ≥ 3 dan graf r-regular berorder 𝑛������ ≤ 2𝑟������ + 1 merupakan graf Hamilton, Karena kedua graf tersebut memuat cycle Hamilton. Selanjutnya, syarat cukup tersebut digunakan untuk menentukan keberadaan cycle Hamilton pada graf 2-connected 4- regular berorder kurang dari 10.
Keyword: graf Hamilton, graf regular, graf lengkap, graf 2-connected 4-regular