Judul: Pengaruh Wadah Dan Lama Penyimpanan Terhadap Kualitas Tepung Ikan
Abstrak: Suatu penelitian tentang pengaruh jenis wadah dan lama penyimpanan terhadapa kwalitas tepung ikan telah dilakukan penyimpanan terhadap kwalitas tepung ikan telah dilakukan di Laboratorium Ilmu Makanan Ternak Fakultas Peternakan Institut Pertanian Bogor, mulai tanggal 3 November 1980 samapai dengan tanggal 26 Januari 1981. Sebagai materi digunakan dua macam bahan makanan ternak, yaitu tepung ikan Thailand dan tepung ikan lokal (ujung Pandang).
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Judul: Pengaruh jenis ikan dan metode pengolahan terhadap mutu tepung ikan untuk bahan pangan
Abstrak: Ikan merupakan hasil perikanan yang utama digunakan sebagai bahan pangan disamping hasil-hasil perairan lainnya seperti udang, rumput laut, kerang dan lainnya. Jenis ikan yang banyak terdapat diperairan Indonesia antara lain adalah ikan lemuru disekitar Selat Bali serta ikan beloso disekitar perairan Sumatera. Disamping kandungan protein yang tinggi, ikan lemuru dan ikan beloso juga memiliki kandungan lemak yang relatif tinggi, terutama lemuru. Adanya kandungan lemak dan protein yang tinggi ini menyebabkam ikan tersebut cepat mengalami pembusukan. Untuk mencegah terjadinya pembusukan yang cepat maka diperlukan penanganan atau pengawetan yang baik. Pada musim tertentu hasil tangkapan ikan lemuru sangat berlimpah sehingga membutuhkan cara penanganan yang dapat mempertahankan nilai gizinya, salah satu dengan pembuatan tepung ikan. Sedangkan untuk ikan beloso selama ini pemanfaatnya hanya berupa ikan asin. Tepung ikan merupakan salah satu hasil olahan perikanan yang dapat bertahan lama sehingga memungkinkan dapat disimpan dalam jangka waktu tertentu dan tidak merubah zat gizi yang terdapat dalam daging ikan. Pembuatan tepung ikan di Indonesia ini hanya digunakan sebagai bahan pakan temak. Mengingat nilai gizi tepung ikan yang tinggi, maka produksi ini dapat digunakan sebagai bahan konsumsi manusia (pangan). Tepung ikan yang digunakan untuk bahan pangan biasa di sebut denganfishflour sedangkan untuk tepung ikan untuk pakan disebut fish meal.
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Judul: Systematics of Desmos (Annonaceae) in Malesia
Abstrak: Desmos is a woody climbing genus of Annonaceae which has been widely used as traditional medicine in several countries such as China, Indo-China, Thailand, and Peninsular Malaysia to treat dysentery, vertigo, fever, and postpartum. Phylogenetic studies on Desmos showed a close relationship between Desmos and Dasymaschalon. They share similar moniliform monocarpic fruits, but their flowers are different. It has been debated among Annonaceae researchers whether both genera should be treated as the same or distinct genus. Therefore, investigation on the taxonomic delimitation of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon will be necessary. Plastid genome (plastome) identification, leaf epidermal section of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon species, a taxonomic revision of Desmos in Malesia using morphological data, the spatial distribution of Desmos species in Malesia, and morphological and genetic variation in Desmos chinensis population using ISSR marker were used to investigate taxonomic delimitation of Desmos. Plastome study of Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was carried out to determine the origin, evolution, phylogenomics, and identify marker candidates for Desmos and Dasymaschalon or with other genera in Annonaceae. We discovered that the plastome of Desmos chinensis was circular with the size of 167,677 bp (smaller than Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum), consist of 111 genes, including 78 protein-coding genes, 29 transfer RNAs, and 4 ribosomal RNAs. The plastome showed a typical quadripartite structure, i.e., large single copy (LSC), small single copy (SSC), and two inverted repeats (IRs). The plastome of Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was 191,488 bp in length, which also exhibited a typical quadripartite structure (LSC, SSC, and two IRs). Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum showed different copies of accD, ndhD, ndhF, rps18, and ycf2. Protein coding genes of rpoB, rpoC1, rbcL, matK, rpl32, infA, and rpl36 were identified based on nucleotide diversity, sequence variability, and parsimony-informative sites. The genes are defined as molecular marker candidates of plastome for phylogenetic, barcoding, and population genetic research. We predicted that Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum separated at ca. 64 million years ago during the Paleocene. Leaf anatomical feature study was carried to support the taxonomic delimitation of interspecific Desmos and intergeneric of Desmos and Dasymaschalon. Leaf anatomy in the paradermal section of 20 taxa (12 species of Desmos, eight species of Dasymaschalon) have been carried out. According to the leaf epidermal section, Desmos and Dasymaschalon are two distinct genera mainly distinguished based on the anticlinal wall undulation of epidermal cells and supported by variation of the crystal type and size. The anticlinal wall undulation of Desmos was almost straight to slightly wavy and never sinuous; meanwhile, Dasymaschalon varies from almost straight to deeply sinusoid. The crystals of Desmos consist of rhombohedral, druse type A, and druse type B crystals, whereas Dasymaschalon has prism, druse type A, druse type B, and druse type C crystals. The recent taxonomic revision using the morphological data was mainly based on the examination of about 1374 specimens from BO, L, WAN, ANDA, SING, SAN, K, P, HUH herbaria. The Desmos species in Malesia consists of eight species: D. acutus, D. chinensis, D. chryseus, D. dunalii, D. pedunculosus, D. subbiglandulosus, two new records: D. lawii and D. macrocarpus, and one
Keyword: Dasymaschalon, Desmoid clade, Magnoliid, plastid genome, phylogenomics analysis