Judul: Pendugaan stok ikan pepetek (Lelognathidae) dengan menggunakan metode swept area di Perairan Teluk Lampung
Abstrak: Survei Traw/terhadap ikan-ikan demersal di perairan Teluk Lampung yang di- lakukan 18 stasiun penangkapan menghasilkan dugaan besarnya potensi ikan pepetek (Leiognathidae) yang dapat dimanfaatkan per tahun, berikut laju penangkapan, kepadatan stok, dan biomassanya. Guna melihat penyebaran ikan pepetek secara ver- tikal maka dilakukan pembagian stratifikasi kedalaman dalam analisis pendugaan parameter-parameter seperti yang telah disebutkan di atas. Selain itu untuk menduga stok ikan pepetek yang dapat dimanfaatkan pertahun di perairan bagian Kotamadya Bandar Lampung total biomassa dari ikan pepetek diambil 100% dari total biomassa sedangkan untuk perairan bagian Kabupaten Lampung Selatan total biomassa diambil 50% dari total biomassa ikan pepetek. Berdasarkan ikan ikan demersal yang tertangkap, terdapat 21 famili ikan demersal, 6 famili ikan pelagis dan 3 famili lain-lain (udang, cumi-cumi, sotong dan lain-lain). Ikan demersal yang tertangkap (21 ekor)didominasi oleh spesies Lelognatus equlus, Priacantus macrocantus, Upeneus sulphureus dan lain lain. Ikan pepetek yang tertangkap sebanyak 5 spesies, diantaranya ialah Gazza minuta, Secutor insidiator, Leiognathus elongatus, Leiognathus equulus dan Leiognathus splendens. Komposisi hasil tangkapan ikan demersal didominasi oleh famili Leiognatidae yaitu sebesar 13.518 Kg yang merupakan urutan pertama dari hasil tangkapan kemu- dian dilanjutkan oleh famili Mulidae, Nemipteridae, Priacanthidae, Apogonidae dan Sauridae. Hasil tangkapan terendah adalah famili Ephippidae, yaitu sebesar 0.060 Kg. Penyebaran ikan pepetek (Leiognathidae) dalam komposisi total tangkapan (kg) lebih mengelompok pada Lintang dan Bujur 5°45'00" 5°53'24" LS dan 105°22'12" - 105°16'48" BT, bahkan pada 5°43.24' LS dan 105°24.18' BT, 05°42.86' dan 105°25.38' BT serta 5°47.79' dan 105°28.89' tidak terdapat sama sekali ikan pepetek…dst
Keyword: 

Judul: Kajian Stok Ikan Pepetek (Leiognathus splendens Cuvier, 1829) di Perairan Selat Sunda ,Banten
Abstrak: Ikan pepetek merupakan jenis ikan demersal. Pemanfaatan sumberdaya perikanan di Indonesia masih bersifat open access termasuk di kawasan Selat Sunda, Banten. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan karakteristik dan kondisi stok ikan pepetek (Leiognathus splendens) di Perairan Selat Sunda, Banten untuk dijadikan sebagai dasar pengelolaan sumberdaya ikan pepetek agar pemanfaatannya dapat dilakukan secara optimal dan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei-Oktober 2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai estimasi L∞ pada ikan pepetek jantan dan betina didapatkan 224 mm dan 290 mm dan nilai K sebesar 0,51 dan 0,51. Nilai laju eksploitasi ikan pepetek jantan dan betina masing-masing sebesar 0,7865 dan 0,6853. Potensi maksimum lestari pada ikan pepetek sebesar 1.489 ton/tahun dan upaya optimum lestari sebesar 3.436 trip/tahun. Pemanfaatan ikan pepetek jantan dan betina telah mengalami overfishing.
Keyword: ikan pepetek, kajian stok, laju eksploitasi, Selat Sunda

Judul: The Effects of Variance of Interest rate to Variance of Annuity Future Values
Abstrak: Time value of money is a concept that refers to the difference of the value of money due to time difference. The value of money for present time would not be the same as the value of money in the future. The value of money for present time is called as Present Value (PV) of the money and the value of money for future time is called Future Value (FV) of the money. Determination the value of money, for present and future time, depends on the time and rate of return. The value of money is determined by several factors such as inflation, fluctuation of interest rates, and government policy in securities and taxation. Due to fluctuation of the value of money we need a FV formulation, it is useful for knowing whether an investment can be profitable or not, and this information is useful also in budget analysis. Annuity is defined as a series of payments made for a specific period. The payment, fixed or varied, can be made at the beginning or at the end of the period. Annuity paid at the beginning of the period is called annuity-due and annuity paid at the end of the period is called immediate annuity-certain. The accumulated value of the annuity after few years later is called as a final value or a future value. Burnecki et al. (2003) have discussed about the FV of a fixed-rate annuity in which payments are made according to the arithmetic or geometric series. They have also examined FV for annuities in which payments are made according to arithmetic or geometric series with random rates of interest. This paper examines FV for annuity-due in which payments are made according to arithmetic or geometric series with interest rates as a random variable, which is normal distribution ,  . Future value formula is expressed in recursive form. FV for annuity-due which payments are made according to the arithmetic or geometric series with random rates of interest is calculated by theoretical way and simulation way. The random rates of interest is denoted as k k i  i  , where k i an independent random variable; i is a constant and k  is a random variable which has normal distribution ,  . By using the determined parameters, a sequence of random rates of interest are generated for theoretical calculation. Meanwhile for the simulation, the random rates of interest is generated 1000 times for the simulation. The generated data give mean value, variance, and standard deviation. Moreover, error of mean value, variance, and standard deviation from the theoretical and simulation results are calculated. Error calculation uses Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error (SMAPE). The smaller the value of SMAPE is the more accurate the simulation. The interest rate variances are varied from 0.000036 to 0.0001 to study the relationship between variance of rates of interest and variance of future value. The theoretical and simulation results show that when the variance of random rates of interest increases, then the variance of FV increases linearly. FV of the annuity-due in
Keyword: