Judul: Tangkapan Maksimum Lestari Ikan Kembung Lelaki (Rastrelliger kanagurta Cuvier, 1816) di Perairan Utara Jawa (WPPNRI 712)
Abstrak: WPP 712 merupakan wilayah dengan potensi sumberdaya ikan pelagis kecil yang tinggi. Ikan kembung lelaki (Rastrelliger kanagurta) merupakan ikan pelagis kecil yang bernilai ekonomis penting dan banyak ditangkap di perairan WPP 712 sehingga dikhawatirkan dapat menyebabkan overfishing. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan jumlah tangkapan maksimum lestari (MSY), upaya penangkapan maksimum lestari (fMSY), dan jumlah tangkapan yang diperbolehkan (TAC) untuk ikan kembung lelaki (R. kanagurta) di perairan Utara Jawa (WPPNRI 712). Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari data e-logbook penangkapan ikan tahun 2018–2022 dalam aplikasi database Sistem Informasi Logbook Penangkapan Ikan (SILOPI). Model produksi surplus menggunakan model Schaefer menunjukkan nilai MSY dan fMSY ikan kembung lelaki masing-masing sebesar 147,66 ton/tahun dan 478,89 trip/tahun dengan jumlah tangkapan yang diperbolehkan (TAC) sebesar 118,12 ton/tahun. Hasil tangkapan dan upaya penangkapan aktual lebih kecil dari nilai MSY dan fMSY yang mengindikasikan bahwa ikan kembung lelaki di WPP 712 dalam kondisi underfishing., FMA 712 is an area with a high potential for small pelagic fish resources. The Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) is a small pelagic fish species of significant economic value and is widely caught in the waters of FMA 712, raising concerns about overfishing. This study aims to determine the maximum sustainable yield (MSY), maximum sustainable fishing effort (fMSY), and total allowable catch of Indian mackerel (R. kanagurta) in Northern Java Waters (FMA 712). This study uses secondary data obtained from e-logbook records of fish catches from 2018–2022 within the database application known as the Fisheries Logbook Information System (SILOPI). The surplus production model, using the Schaefer model, indicates that the MSY and fMSY for Indian mackerel are 147,66 tons/year and 478,89 trips/year, with a total allowable catch (TAC) of 118,12 tons/year. The actual catch and fishing effort is lower than MSY and fMSY indicating that Indian mackerel resources in FMA 712 are in an underfishing condition.
Keyword: CPUE, surplus production model, sustainable potential, total allowable catch

Judul: Sustainable Potential of Bigeye Scad (Selar crumenophthalmus Bloch, 1793) in the Java Sea (FMA 712).
Abstrak: WPP 712 memiliki potensi perikanan pelagis kecil yang melimpah terutama pada ikan selar bentong (Selar crumenophthalmus). Ikan selar bentong merupakan ikan dengan nilai ekonomis yang tinggi, sehingga berpotensi mengalami penangkapan berlebih. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan status usaha perikanan melalui hasil tangkapan lestari (MSY), upaya optimum (fMSY), dan jumlah tangkapan yang diperbolehkan (JTB) untuk ikan selar bentong (Selar crumenophthalmus Bloch, 1793) di Laut Jawa (WPP 712). Penelitian ini menggunakan data e-logbook penangkapan dari SILOPI. Data tersebut meliputi data produksi hasil tangkapan per tahun, upaya penangkapan, serta lokasi penangkapan ikan selar bentong yang didaratkan di pelabuhan WPP 712 selama tahun 2018 hingga 2022. Data kemudian diolah dengan menganalisis model produksi surplus. Nilai MSY yaitu sebesar 28,59 ton/tahun, sehingga nilai JTB sebesar 22,87 ton/tahun dan nilai fMSY yaitu sebesar 126 trip/tahun. Hasil tangkapan (C) aktual yaitu sebesar 23,15 ton dan upaya penangkapan (f) aktual sebesar 139 trip. Berdasarkan hasil dapat diketahui bahwa nilai MSY > C aktual > JTB dan fMSY < f aktual, sehingga status usaha perikanan selar bentong di Laut Jawa (WPP 712) terindikasi mengalami overfishing., FMA 712 has abundant small pelagic fisheries potential, especially for Bigeye Scad (Selar crumenophthalmus). Bigeye Scad is a fish with a high economic value, which can lead to overfishing. This research aims to determine the status of the fishery through Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY), optimum effort (fMSY), and Total Allowable Catch (TAC) for Bigeye Scad (Selar crumenophthalmus Bloch, 1793) in the Java Sea (FMA 712). This research used the catch data from e-logbook of the SILOPI. The data included annual catch production, fishing effort, as well as fishing locations for Bigeye Scad landed in the port of FMA 712 during 2018 to 2022. The data was then processed by analyzing surplus production model. The MSY value is 28.59 tons/year, resulting in a JTB value of 22.87 tons/year and an fMSY value of 126 trips/year. The actual catch (C) is 23.15 tons with an actual fishing effort (f) of 139 trips. Therefore, it can be concluded that MSY > actual C > JTB, and fMSY < actual f, indicating that the Bigeye Scad fisheries in the Java Sea (FMA 712) is indicated to be experiencing overfishing.
Keyword: Bigeye Scad, Java Sea, surplus production model, sustainable potential

Judul: Sintesis Flavon dari Fenol dan Benzoil Klorida
Abstrak: Flavone is a class of flavonoid, commonly found in plants with wide bioactivity spectrum. A widely used flavone synthesis route is through acidcatalyzed oxidative cyclization of β-diketone. In this study, unsubstituted flavone had been synthesized via 5-step from phenol, with 22% yield and successfully increased the yield of previous study on Fries rearrangement of phenyl acetate and benzoylation of o-HAP steps. Phenol was acetylated resulting 93% phenyl acetate. AlCl3-catalyzed Fries rearrangement in 1.5 hour and at 120 °C converted phenyl acetate into o-hydroxyacetophenone (o-HAP) with 40% yield. AlCl3 as catalyst produced o-HAP with higher and reproducible yield compared with BF3·Et2O and ZnCl2. Benzoylation of o-HAP followed by Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement of the ester product using KOH in dried pyridine produced β-diketone 1-(2- hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropane-1,3-dione. The yield of ester and β-diketone were 71% and 85%, respectively. Finally, oxidative cyclization of β-diketone with sulphuric acid as catalyst produced 99% of flavone. The flavone product had been characterized spectroscopically and its melting point as well.
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