Judul: Analisis In Silico Senyawa Aktif Kulit Kayu Gmelina (Gmelina arborea) Terhadap Penghambatan 3C-like Protease SARS-CoV-2 EPI_ISL_467376
Abstrak: SARS-CoV-2 merupakan virus yang saat ini menyebar ke seluruh dunia, salah satunya yaitu Indonesia. Virus SARS-CoV-2 dapat menyebabkan penyakit COVID-19 dengan berbagai gejala dan dapat menyebabkan kematian. Replikasi virus ini disebabkan adanya aktivitas protein 3C-like Protease. Potensi penghambatan 3C-like Protease oleh senyawa aktif pada kulit kayu gmelina dapat dianalisis secara in silico untuk melihat interaksi senyawa dengan reseptor. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari interaksi antara senyawa aktif kulit kayu gmelina (Gmelina arborea) dalam menghambat reseptor 3C-like Protease SARS-CoV-2 EPI_ISL_467376 melalui uji in silico dengan parameter energi bebas Gibbs (ΔG), konstanta inhibisi, ikatan hidrogen, dan interaksi hidrofobik. Potensi terbaik terlihat pada Balanophonin dengan ΔG -6.6 kkal/mol dan Ki -14.43 μM. Ikatan hidrogen yang dihasilkan sebanyak satu dan interaksi hidrofobik yang dihasilkan sebanyak 15. Berdasarkan parameter tersebut, kulit kayu gmelina berpotensi dalam menghambat 3C-like Protease SARS-CoV-2 EPI_ISL_467376. Kata kunci: Molecular docking, SARS-CoV-2, senyawa aktif, 3C-like Protease, SARS-CoV-2 was a virus that spread all over the world nowadays, one of them was Indonesia. The SARS-CoV-2 virus was able to cause COVID-19 disease with various symptoms and was able to cause death. The replication of this virus was due to protein of 3C-like Protease activity. Inhibition potential of 3C-like Protease by active compounds on gmelina’s bark can be analyzed in silico to see compounds interaction with the receptor. This research aimed to study the interaction between active compounds of gmelina’s bark (Gmelina arborea) in inhibiting the receptor of SARS-CoV-2 3C-like Protease from Indonesia with the parameter of Gibbs free energy (ΔG), inhibition constant, hydrogen bond, and hydrophobic interaction. Best potential was seen on Balanophonin with ΔG -6.6 kcal/mol and Ki -14.43 μM. Based on that parameter, gmelina’s bark had the potential in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 3C-like Protease from Indonesia. Keywords: Active compounds, molecular docking, SARS-CoV-2, 3C-like Protease
Keyword: Active compounds, Molecular docking, SARS-CoV-2, 3C-like Protease

Judul: Analisis Penambatan Molekuler Senyawa Aktif Kulit Kayu Gmelina arborea terhadap Endoribonuklease SARS-CoV-2
Abstrak: COVID-19 disebabkan oleh infeksi SARS-CoV-2, tingkat keparahannya beragam sesuai dengan tingkat kekebalan tubuh penderita. Aktivitas antioksidan dalam kulit kayu Gmelina berpotensi menurunkan aktivitas protein fungsional SARS-CoV-2. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh informasi mencakup (1) situs pengikatan ligan-protein; (2) nilai ΔG dan konstanta disosiasi; (3) ikatan hidrogen dan interaksi hidrofobik antar molekul; (4) karakteristik kimia senyawa aktif kulit kayu Gmelina. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode in silico melalui penambatan molekuler secara komputasi dengan aplikasi YASARA structure. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, senyawa balanophonin memiliki pengikatan yang paling baik dibandingkan senyawa aktif kulit kayu Gmelina lainnya dengan nilai ΔG -7,1270 kkal/mol serta konstanta disosiasi 5,96 μM. Dengan demikian, simpulan penelitian ini senyawa aktif balanophonin dengan pengikatan terbaik memiliki nilai ΔG lebih besar dari uridin-5’-monofosfat dan tipiracil, yang merupakan ligan alami dan pembandingnya. Ikatan hidrogen serta interaksi hidrofobik antar molekul memfasilitasi penambatan dan inhibisi aktivitas endoribonuklease SARS-CoV-2., COVID-19 is caused by infection of SARS-CoV-2, the severity based on patient's immune system. Antioxidant activity in Gmelina bark potentiates to decrease activities of SARS-CoV-2 functional protein. This study aims to obtain information including (1) ligand-protein binding sites; (2) the value of G and the dissociation constant; (3) intermolecular hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions; (4) Chemical properties of active compound in Gmelina bark. This research uses in silico method through computational molecular docking with the YASARA structure application. Based on the results, balanophonin has the best binding affinity to other active compounds of Gmelina bark with the value of ΔG -7,1270 kcal/mol and dissociation constant of 5.96 μM. Thus, this study concludes balanophonin with the best binding has a ΔG value which larger than uridine-5'-monophosphate and tipiracil as their natural and comparison ligand. Intermolecular hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions facilitate the binding and inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 endoribonuclease activity.
Keyword: Molecular Docking, Gmelina arborea, Endoribonuclease, SARS-CoV-2

Judul: Asymptotic Distribution of Estimator for the Intensity Function of a Doubly Periodic Poisson Process
Abstrak: In this manuscript, estimation of the intensity function of a doubly periodic Poisson process is discussed. It is assumed that only a single realization of the Poisson process is observed in a bounded window [0,n]. It is also assumed that the period of the intensity function is known. The rate of consistency and asymptotic normality of the estimator are formulated. Finally, a confidence interval for the local intensity function is also formulated.
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