Judul: Carrying capacity analysis of awarange bay for milkfish culture development in floating net cages
Abstrak: Daya dukung lingkungan perairan akan menentukan kapasitas alokasi sumberdaya untuk pemanfaatan dan pengembangannya secara berkelanjutan. Budidaya bandeng dalam keramba jarring apung (KJA) merupakan sistem produksi ikan yang produktif, namun potensial berdampak negative terhadap lingkungan perairan akibat beban limbah yang dihasilkan dan dapat berpengaruh terhadap sistem produksi budidaya. Keberlanjutan produksi budidaya sangat ditentukan oleh daya dukung lingkungan., Carrying capacity is the most important role in improving the quality of management decision-making of resources allocation on marine fish farming. Survey method was used in this study to evaluate the biophysical quality of Awarange Bay and to determine the suitable area of milkfish marine farming development. A mass balance model has been used to estimate the rate of waste load by cultivated milkfish, based on the data of milkfish feed, feces and carcass proximate analysis as well as on feed conversion ratio, nutrient retention, digestibility, fish biomass and total mass of particulate organic matter.
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Judul: Kajian Daya Dukung Lingkungan Perairan Bagi Pengembangan Perikanan Berbasis Ranching dan Budidaya Ikan KJA di Waduk Malahayu.
Abstrak: The study was conducted to determine the Carrying capacity of Malahayu water reservoirs in sub-district of Banjarharjo, district of Brebes, Central Java Province. By knowing the capacity of the water, the water can be used for fisheries development activities for the purpose of welfare of fishing community. The capacity of water, was done by the observation of water quality which consists of parameters of physics, chemistry and biology aquatic performed both in Situ/Lake and laboratory analysis. Data of Physical conditions of Malahayu water reservoir was obtained through interviews with the authorities of Malahayu Mater reservoir. While to know the welfare of fishing communities (Nila Jaya) was obtained by spreading quisioner. The study took place in the dry season in August to November, 2011. The method used to determine the Carrying capacity of the fisheries and fish farming of Ranching, fish cultivation of KJA used Beveridge methods,1996. The observation results which were obtained were: temperature 27-28oC, the brightness of 83 - 146 cm, flow rate 1.5 / 5 dt-1, 5/7 dt. The Analaisis of nutrient indicated status of oligotrofik waters to mesotrofik of <0.1 mg/l. Biological parameters: chlorophyll-a with the observations is 14 - 21.4 mg / l, primary productivity from 6 - 13.6 mg / l, phytoplankton found were cholorophyceae class, bacillarophyceae, euglenophyceae, cyanophyceae and dinophyceae, the highest number of genara was in cholorophyceae and the lowest was in the dinophyceae class. Carrying capacity of the fisheries development of Ranching is 207.522 tons/year, the number of seeds dispersed was 2.07522 fry / year. Support capability of KJA fish farming is 2.128 tons / year, the KJA unit number is 2.128 units, with the Malahayu water reservoir area which was required 417.088 m2. The results of water quality analysis and water capacity of Malahayu reservoir showed that, Malahayu reservoir can be developed together for the development of fisheries and Ranching fish farming. This design, can increase the welfare of fishing communities (Nila Jaya) in Malahayu Reservoir.
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Judul: Sintesis 1-(2-hidroksifenil)-3-fenilpropana-1,3-dion dari o-hidroksiasetofenon dan benzoil klorida
Abstrak: Flavonoid is the most abundant naturaly-occuring polyphenolic compound which has C6-C3-C6 carbon skeleton. Flavone is a group of flavonoid with wide bioactivity spectrum. It is widely distributed in higher plants. Its bioactivities include antioxidant, HIV-1 proteinase inhibitor, strong and selective apoptotic inducer in human colon cell, and ligand for BDZ-R receptor. One of the important and widely applicable flavones synthesis route is through 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3- phenylpropane-1,3-dione (1,3-diketone) acid-catalyzed oxidative cyclization. In this study, 1,3-diketone has been successfully synthesized via four-step route. In the first step, phenol was acetylated with 74–95% yields. Subsequently, phenyl acetate was converted to o-hydroxyacetophenone (o-HAP) with 34% yield via AlCl3-catalyzed Fries rearrangement. Benzoylation of o-HAP followed by Baker- Venkataraman rearrangement of the ester product using KOH in pyridine finally produced 1,3-diketone. The third and fourth steps yield were 27–44% and 82– 85%, respectively. All products in this study have been characterized spectroscopically. Melting point characterization were also conducted to the solid products.
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