Judul: Uji kinerja promoter gen LEAFY dan AGAMOUS tanaman kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) pada tanaman tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L.)
Abstrak: Performance of cocoa’s (Theobroma cacao L.) gene promoters, TcLFY and TcAG, in a tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum L.) used as a plant model has been tested. The two promoters were introduced into the tobacco plant cells using a modified leaf discs method employing Agrobacterium tumifaciens AGL0. The transformed tobacco plant cells were then regenerated and their morphology were observed periodically. The tobacco plants harbouring the gene promoter TcLFY, during regeneration, showed a leaf morphology similar to that of the positive control. However, the growth rate of tobacco plants inserted with promoter TcLFY was faster compared to that of the positive control. Tobacco plants harbouring gene promoter TcAG, during regeneration, showed imperfect leaf morphology. The growth rate of these tobacco plants was slower than that of the positive control and of the tobacco plants inserted harbouring gene promoter TcLFY. These results indicated that the introduced promoters affect the morphology of the tobacco plants. In order to further confirm the presence of the GFP gene and activation of TcLFY: GFP and TcAG: GFP, a molecular verification test was carried out. Variation of sucrose concentration in the media was made to examine the effect of sucrose on the activity promoters TcAG and TcLFY in tobacco plants. The sucrose concentration tested were 0%, 0,5% and 4% followed by observation on the 3rd and 7th day of cultivation. At 0% sucrose concentration the tobacco plants harbouring promoter TcLFY showed yellowish leaf, while those cultivated in the media with sucrose concentration of 0.5% and 4% grew well and normal. This indicated that sucrose affects the activity of the promoter TcLFY in tobacco plants. Tobacco plants inserted with promoter TcAG did not show significant morphological changes when grown in a medium of 0%, 0,5% or 4% sucrose concentration. This indicated that addition of sucrose does not significantly affect the induction of expression of the AG gene and the activation of the promoter TcAG.
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Judul: Konstruksi promotor gen leafy kakao pada vektor ekspresi dengan sistem gateway dan transformasi ke Agrobacterium sp.
Abstrak: Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is one of the plantations with a good prospect because the world demand of cocoa is expected to be growing. The increased demand of cacao is contributed with a major problems related to the cultivation is cherelle wilt. Cherelle wilt in cocoa is a physiological disease that cause by the abnormalities of the genes who is responsible to the flowering process. One of the genes that play a major role in the flower formation is the LEAFY gene and LEAFY gene promoter is expected to activate LEAFY genes. The objective of this research is to construct three size of LEAFY gene promoter (1041 bp, 702 bp, and 349 bp) into the expression vector with gateway system by knowing the size of an effective related to the gene expressed. LEAFY gene promoter in size 1041 bp, 702 bp, and 349 bp to be inserted into a donor vector (pDONRTM221) and then into the specific destination vector for promoter. The recombinant plasmid has been analyzed after transformation into the Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain AGL-O give a result in a DNA band about 8002 bp, 7663 bp, and 7310 bp. The conclusion of this research by the three measures of LEAFY gene promoter, which is 1041 bp, 702 bp, and 349 bp have been successfully inserted into the expression vector with the gateway system and transformed into Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain AGL-O then ready to be transferred into the plant.
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Judul: Solusi Geometri Schwarzschild untuk Dimensi 4+1 dengan Invarian Rotasi Isotropik
Abstrak: Metrik Schwarzschild merupakan solusi eksak pertama dari persamaan medan Einstein dengan mangasumsikan metrik statik dan simetris. Metrik Schwarzschild yang ditemukan oleh Karl Schwarzschild masih dalam dimensi 3+1, namun seiring dengan teori-teori terbaru yang menunjukkan bahwa alam semesta tidak hanya di dimensi 3+1. Maka melalui penambahan dimensi, tujuan penelitian ini memperoleh solusi pada geometri Schwarzschild untuk dimensi 4+1 dengan memodifikasi koordinat bola yang invarian rotasi isotropik dan melalui penurunan rumus seperti koordinat bola, simbol Christoffel, dan tensor Ricci. Selain mendapatkan solusi ini, metrik Schwarzschild dimensi 4+1 dapat digunakan sebagai metrik dasar untuk memperoleh solusi blackhole dan wormhole pada dimensi 4+1. Hasil akhirnya, dengan memanfaatkan modifikasi koordinat bola, metrik Schwarzschild dapat dibentuk sehingga diperoleh solusi geometri Schwarzschild untuk dimensi 4+1.
Keyword: metrik Schwarzschild, persamaan medan Einstein, modifikasi koordinat bola, penambahan dimensi, invarian rotasi isotropik