Judul: Kajian Ekstrak Kecambah Kedelai sebagai Media Mikroba Unggulan untuk Produksi Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA).
Abstrak: Indole-3-actic-acid (IAA) merupakan hormon auksin yang berperan dalam mengontrol banyak proses fisiologi dalam tumbuhan. Beberapa bakteri PGPR (Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria) mampu menghasilkan IAA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan mikroba unggulan dan media tumbuh terbaik untuk produksi IAA. Seleksi dilakukan terhadap 7 isolat bakteri dengan menggunakan spektrofotometer dan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT). Semua isolat bakteri yang diuji mampu menghasilkan IAA. Diperoleh 3 isolat unggul, yaitu isolat Dieng 7F, 7D, dan Pupuk Sehat 1.2. Isolat unggul yang diperoleh diuji kemampuan menghasilkan IAA dengan menggunakan kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi (KCKT). Isolat Dieng 7F memproduksi IAA paling tinggi pada media tumbuh disuplementasi ekstrak kecambah kacang kedelai sebesar 66.4607 ppm dalam waktu inkubasi 48 jam.
Keyword: Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, Indole-3 acetic acid, growth medium, extract of bean seed

Judul: Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Rhizobakteri Penghasil Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA) dari Tanah Penanaman Bawang Merah
Abstrak: Rhizobakteri pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria/PGPR) telah diketahui mempunyai peran penting dalam kesuburan tanah dan penyehatan tanaman. Mekanisme PGPR dalam memacu pertumbuhan tanaman salah satunya dengan mensekresikan zat pemacu tumbuh tanaman seperti Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA). Rhizobakteri penghasil IAA ini diisolasi dari rhizosfer tanaman bawang merah (Allium cepa) di daerah Brebes, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan isolat rhizobakteri penghasil IAA yang potensial dan melakukan karakterisasi morfologi bakteri. Metode penelitian ini meliputi pengambilan sampel tanah, isolasi bakteri penghasil IAA, pengukuran IAA dengan menggunakan uji kolorimetri, pewarnaan gram, penentuan kurva pertumbuhan dan produksi IAA, uji hemolisin, uji hipersensitivitas, dan aplikasi bakteri terpilih pada kecambah kacang hijau. Sebanyak 14 isolat bakteri penghasil IAA berhasil diisolasi. Beberapa isolat mampu menghasilkan IAA berdasarkan uji kolorimetri dengan konsentrasi tertinggi 61.72 ppm (BIT 2.4), 60.92 ppm (BIS 3.4) dan 49.30 ppm (BIT 2.1) sedangkan konsentrasi terendah 4.27 ppm (BIT 4.1). Hasil pewarnaan gram menunjukkan keempat isolat (BIS 3.4, BIT 2.4, BIT 2.1, BIT 4.1) bersifat Gram positif. Isolat BIS 3.4 dan BIT 2.1 menghasilkan IAA tertinggi sebesar 59.84 ppm dan 8.81 ppm masing-masing pada fase stasioner. Hasil uji hipersensitivitas terhadap daun tembakau menunjukkan hasil negatif pada isolat BIS 3.4 dan BIT 2.1 yang diujikan. Kedua isolat tidak menyebabkan nekrosis pada tanaman tembakau dan tidak menghasilkan hemolisin. Hasil pengujian isolat BIS 3.4 dan kontrol menunjukkan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap panjang akar utama dan jumlah akar lateral kecambah kacang hijau setelah 7 hari tanam.
Keyword: Allium cepa, hipersensitivitas, rhizosfer, tembakau, tembakau

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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