Judul: Mobility and exchange over the status of small scale fisherman in North Sulawesi Province
Abstrak: Fisherman in North Sulawesi Province divided to 2 categories, those are: small scale fisherman (traditional fisherman) and big scale fisherman (modern fisherman). They do arrest of fish in same fishing ground, so that cause various problem for example decreasing the result of cached, followed by decreasing their earnings. For increase of haul, they conducted variously. Which is conducted by fisherman in North Sulawesi Province that is mobility. Target of this research are to; 1) mapping fisherman’s mobility types in North Sulawesi Province; 2) determining factors having an effect on to fisherman mobility; 3) determining the impact of fisherman mobility; 4) formulating strategic solution to quicken to displace fisherman status toward better. Data analysis which is used in this research cover: (a) descriptive-qualitative analysis; (b) structure equation modeling (SEM) analyses; and (c) SWOT analyses. Type of fisherman in North Sulawesi Province are: 1) mobility of geography that is fisherman that conducting mobility of its residence countryside to other place, but linger as fisherman; 2) mobility of geography fisherman and mobility of profession that is fisherman that conducting mobility of its residence countryside to other place, but nonliving as a fisherman; 3) profession mobility that is fisherman which do not conduct mobility of its residence countryside to other place, but linger as non-fisherman ;and 4) do not mobility fisherman that is fisherman which do not conduct any mobility. Factors that having an effect on to fisherman mobility in North Sulawesi Province: a) job experience; b) family responsibility; c) earnings; d) supply of fish; e) saturation; and f) capital. Mobility of fisherman in North Sulawesi Province do not affect significantly to small scale fisherman status, because it does not change to displace their status up at better. Strategic solution to quicken to displace fisherman status toward better, those are: a) SO: to get fishermen who could operate a new modern technology to make finding new fish catching-area become easier; make local role that easy to do by small scale fisherman; b) WO: the government should give easiness to the fishermen to get loan for them; The government provide fisheries extension to make them know about weakness of geography mobility or job changing ; c) ST: Rebserve the law of sharing system; d) WT: giving hard dubious to government officer who is making Illegal fishing for the shake of advantage of person.
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Judul: Matchmaking Projects with Communities: Analysing whether Livelihood Improvement Initiatives Meet the Needs and Constraints of Poor Fishers in West Sumatra
Abstrak: Despite a fast growing economy, many Indonesians still live in poverty or are vulnerable to falling into poverty. Fishing is an economic sector closely associated with poverty and there has been a range of initiatives aimed at improving livelihoods and reducing poverty amongst poor fishers. Concerns remain that these initiatives have failed to target the right people in the right way. In response to this concern, this research based in the province of West Sumatra uses interviews in 25 fishing communities, coupled with secondary data, to evaluate; 1) the sectors of the fishing industry that the poor operate in and what the relationship is between poverty and fishing, 2) the factors that enable or constrain their livelihoods and 3) whether livelihood improvement programs address these factors. The analysis highlights that poor fishers are growing in number and are mainly labourers, small boat owners and small-scale processors/traders. Poverty in fishing is not significantly correlated with fishing dependency but is significantly correlated with poverty in the agricultural sector. Fishing is a poor economic sector, but incidences of poverty are less when other economic sectors, for example the service and financial sector, are strong. Thirty one enabling and constraining factors were identified and grouped according to six asset categories. Interviews with 151 households from a variety of backgrounds in two fishing communities were analysed using multi-dimensional scaling. Vessel owners possess higher physical, financial and human capital than crew members but that there was no difference in the natural, social and institutional fields. Institutional support across all sectors scored poorly. Government programs tend to bridge the gap between crew members and owners by providing physical capital without necessarily addressing the underlying financial and human capital limitations that labourers face. The research concludes with an explanation of the main routes out of poverty for a poor fisher and recommendations and how future livelihood improvement programs can better address the needs and constraints of the poor.
Keyword: Poverty alleviation, Alternative livelihoods, Small-scale fisheries, Multi-dimensional scaling (MDS)

Judul: Pengaruh Minuman Kesehatan Cinna-Ale Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Kolesterol Darah pada Tikus Sprague Dawley
Abstrak: Cinna-ale adalah minuman yang terbuat dari rempah-rempah asli Indonesia dengan karakteristik benvarna merah, beraroma dan rasa yang khas. Nama Cinnaale diambil dari nalna latin kayu manis (Cinnamomum burnlani Blume) dan jahe (Zingiber oflcionale Roscoe), yang merupakan komponen utalna pembentuk citarasa minuman. Banyaknya rempah-rempah yang dikandung dalam Cinna-ale membuat Cinna-ale berpotensi untuk dikenibangkan sebagai minuman kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji khasiat Cinna-ale sebagai minuman kesehatan dengan melihat pengaruhnya terhadap penurunan kadar kolesterol dan trigliserida darah pada tikus Sprague Duwley. Penelitian dilakukan secara in-vivo terhadap 4 grup tikus percobaan, yaitu grup kontrol, grup non kolesterol, grup kolesterol A dan grup kolesterol B. Tikus mengalami masa adaptasi selama 7 hari, masa peningkatan kolesterol selama 14 hari dan rnasa pemberian Cinna-ale selama 21 liari. Pada masa adaptasi semua grup diberi ransum standar. Pada masa peningkatan kolesterol, grup kolesterol A dan grup kolesterol B diberi ransum suplemen kolesterol 0.5%, sedangkan grup kontrol dan non kolesterol tetap diberi ransum standar, kemudian dilakukan pengambilan darah dari ekor untuk dianalisa kadar kolesterol dan trigliserida awal. Tahap selanjutnya adalah masa pemberian Cinna-ale dengan cara sonde sebanyak 1 mllhari trntuk grup non kolesterol dan kolesterol A, 2 mllhari untuk grup kolesterol B, sedangkan grup kontrol diberi akuades sebanyak 1 mllhari dengan ransum sama seperti masa peningkatan kolesterol. Pada masa akhir pembeiian Cinna-ale dilakukan pembedahan dengan teknik pembiusan ringan menggunakan dietil eter. Pernbedahan dilakukan untuk pengambilan darah dan bagian-bagian organ penting pada tikus, untuk selanjutnya darah dianalisa secara enzimatis menggunakan kit. Hasil .p eng- alnatan menun-jukkan Cinna-ale berpengaruh secara nyata terhadap banyaknya ransum yang dikonsumsi, pertumbuhan berat badan dan pertumbuhan organ limfa. Hasil analisa kolesterol serum darah menunjukkan bahwa Cinna-ale cukup efektif menurunkan kadar kolesterol serum darah untuk selnua grup yang diperlakukan. Besarnya penurunan grup tikus kolesterol A dan grup kolesterol B secara nyata lebih besar dibandingkan dengan grup kontrol. Perbedaan dosis 1 mllhari dan 2 mllhari tidak berpengaruh secara nyata terhadp penurunan kadar kolesterol serum darah. Hasil analisa trigliserida menunjukkan bahwa Cinna-ale dapat menurunkan kadar trigliserida serum darah, nieskipun penurunannya tidak berbeda nyata. Kadar kolesterol hati tikus kelompok yang diberi Cinna-ale lmllhari (kelompok non kolesterol dan kolesterol A) secara nyata lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Kadar trigliserida hati tikus kelompok yang diberi Cinvaale secara nyata lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Dari hasil diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa Cinna-ale berpotensi sebagai niinuman kesehatan untuk menjaga kesehatan tubuh, antara lain menurunkan kadar kolesterol dan trigliserida disamping niemiliki rasa dan aroma yang enak.
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