Judul: Ylinen’s Formula for Estimating the Buckling Capacity of Andong (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinaceae) Bamboo’s Single and Multiple Column
Abstrak: Bambu andong (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinaceae) merupakan jenis bambu yang sangat potensial untuk dikembangkan sebagai kolom karena memiliki dimensi yang besar dan memiliki kapasitas tekan yang cukup tinggi. Formula Ylinen merupakan formula faktor tekuk yang telah terbukti dapat digunakan dalam estimasi kapasitas tekuk berbagai jenis bambu. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji tingkat akurasi formula Ylinen dalam estimasi kapasitas tekuk kolom tunggal dan ganda bambu andong serta menguji pengaruh panjang dan jumlah batang penyusun kolom ganda terhadap kapasitas tekuk yang dihasilkan. Prosedur pengukuran geometri dan sifat fisis kolom bambu dilakukan dengan mengacu pada BS ISO 22157:2019 dan BS ISO 19624:2018. Pengujian tekuk dilakukan menggunakan UTM Baldwin dan alat uji tekuk bambu panjang di Laboratorium RDBK, Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan analisis regresi nonlinier untuk mencari bentuk formula Ylinen terbaik yang dapat digunakan untuk estimasi kapasitas tekuk kolom tunggal. Hasil analisis membuktikan formula Ylinen dapat digunakan untuk estimasi faktor tekuk kolom tunggal bambu andong dengan tingkat akurasi mencapai 86,4%. Hasil estimasi kapasitas tekuk formula Ylinen tidak berbeda secara signifikan dibandingkan pengujian empiris untuk kolom ganda 1 dan 2 meter, namun terlalu rendah untuk kolom ganda 3 meter. Peningkatan jumlah batang penyusun kolom ganda terbukti dapat meningkatkan kapasitas tekuk, sedangkan peningkatan panjang kolom dapat mengurangi kapasitas tekuk., Andong bamboo (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinaceae) is a bamboo species that has potential to be used as a column because it has large dimensions and fairly high compressive capacity. Ylinen’s formula has been proven a reliable buckling factor formula for estimating the buckling capacity of various bamboo species. This study aims to test the accuracy of the Ylinen’s formula for estimating the buckling capacity of single column and multiple column of andong bamboo and examine the effect of length and number of culms that make up multiple column on the buckling capacity. The procedure for measuring geometry and physical properties of bamboo columns refers to BS ISO 22157:2019 and BS ISO 19624:2018. The buckling test used UTM Baldwin and long bamboo buckling test machine at the RDBK Laboratory, Departement of Forest Products, IPB University. Data analysis was performed using nonlinear regression to find the best Ylinen’s formula that can be used to estimate a single column’s buckling capacity. The analysis proves that the Ylinen’s formula can estimate the andong bamboo single column’s buckling factor of with an accuracy rate of 86,4%. The sum of each culm’s member estimated buckling capacity, which is calculated using the Ylinen’s formula, is not significantly different to the empirical test of 1 m and 2 m height multiple columns, but it is too low for 3 m height columns. Increasing the number of culms that make up the multiple column can increase the buckling capacity, while increasing the length of the column reduces the buckling capacity.
Keyword: Andong bamboo, buckling capacity, multiple column, single column, Ylinen’s formula

Judul: Analisis Kekuatan Tekuk Kolom Bambu Tali (Gigantochloa apus (J.A. & J.H. Schultez) Kurz) dengan Variasi Panjang dan Jumlah Batang Penyusun Kolom
Abstrak: Bambu tali berpotensi dijadikan sebagai kolom. Tekuk merupakan titik kritis penyebab kegagalan struktur kolom dalam menahan beban tekan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kekuatan tekuk maksimum kolom bambu tali dengan variasi panjang dan jumlah batang penyusun. Bambu tali diperoleh dari pasar komersial di Jl. Raya Dramaga, Bogor, Jawa Barat. Bambu dipotong menjadi ukuran 1, 2, dan 3 m. Pengukuran dimensi berdasarkan BS ISO 19624:2018, sedangkan pengukuran geometri berdasarkan BS ISO 22157:2019. Pengujian sifat fisis meliputi kadar air, kerapatan, dan kerapatan linear, serta pengujian mekanis yaitu kekuatan tekuk kolom bambu tali. Uji lanjut Duncan digunakan untuk membandingkan hasil pengujian tekuk kolom bambu tali dengan variasi panjang dan jumlah batang penyusun kolom. Contoh kolom berukuran 1 m, 2 m, dan 3 m. Pengujian tekuk kolom 1 m mengunakan UTM SATEC-Baldwin berkapasitas 30 ton, sedangkan pengujian tekuk kolom 2 m dan 3m menggunakan alat uji tekan berkapasitas 100 ton. Pengujian tekuk kolom dilakukan dengan memberikan pembebanan secara vertikal pada kolom. Pengolahan data faktor tekuk menggunakan Formula Ylinen’s. Kolom bambu panjang memiliki angka kelangsingan tinggi dan menghasilkan nilai tekuk rendah, sehungga kolom mudah mengalami tekuk. Kolom bambu tali komposisi ganda dua, tiga, maupun empat memiliki nilai kekuatan tekuk lebih tinggi dibandingkan jumlah kekuatan tekuk masing-masing batang penyusunnya karena adanya kerjasama antar komponen penyusun. Peningkatan kekuatan akibat kerjasama antar komponen penyusun ini dapat dinyatakan sebagai repetitive member factor (komponen struktur berulang) yang masih perlu diperhitungkan., Bamboo tali has the potential to be used as a column. Buckling is a critical point that causes the failure of the column structure to withstand compressive loads. This study aims to determine the maximum buckling strength of the bamboo tali column with variations in length and number of comonents. The bamboo tali was obtained from commercial market on Jl. Raya Dramaga, Bogor, West Java. The bamboo is cut into 1, 2, and 3 meters. Dimensional measurements are based on BS ISO 19624:2018, while geometric measurements are based on BS ISO 22157:2019. Physical properties tests include moisture content, density, and linear density, as well as mechanical testing, namely the buckling strength of the bamboo tali column. Duncan's further test was used to compare the results of the buckling test of bamboo tali columns with variations in length and number of components making up the column. The column test speciments are 1 m, 2 m, and 3 m. The 1 m sized columns are tested using UTM SATEC-Baldwin 30 tons capacity, while the 2 m and 3 m sized column were tested using compressive testing machine 100 tons capacity. The column buckling test is carried out by applying vertical loading to the column. Buckling factor data processing using Ylinen's Formula. Long bamboo columns have a high slenderness rate and produce a low buckling value, so that the column is prone to buckling. The the buckling strength of bamboo multicolumns are higher than the sum of single colunms buckling strengths because of the cooperation between the column’s components. The strength improvement because of the column’s components cooperation can be determined as repetitive member factor which should be considered.
Keyword: angka kelangsingan, kolom, multikolom, tali, tekuk, slenderness ratio, column, multicolumns, tali, buckling

Judul: Sarcosporidiasis in slaughter animals
Abstrak: Sarcocystis which belong to the generally occuring parasites for they are found almost all over the countries of the world. Infection of Sarcocystis usually throught inges- tion of feces or flesh of infected animals. The pathogenesis of Sarcosporidiasis is considered as benign but when the Sarcocystis die in a host, sarcocystin or sarcosporidin is liberated thereby which lead to condemnation of meat in the abattoir. Besides condemnation of meat, Sarcocystis also causes: loss of appetite, anemia, lameness, weakness in the lion, diarrhea, fever, pyrexia, paralysis, emaciation, neuro logical disturbances, etc. " Amprolium "at the rate of 100 mg/Kg body weight per day has been practiced for prevention or to minimize Sarco- sporidiasis. Treatment must be started during incubation period. Shedding of Sarcocystis sporocysts in the feces of carnivores is the key factor in the spread of Sarcocystis infection. Therefore, control efforts must be based primarily on measures designed to break the cycle of Sarcocystis.
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