Judul: Manajemen Konflik Konservasi Banteng (Bos javanicus d'Alton 1832) dengan Masyarakat di Taman Nasional Meru Betiri dan Taman Nasional Alas Purwo Jawa Timur
Abstrak: Taman Nasional Meru Betiri (TNMB) dan Taman Nasional Alas Purwo (TNAP) merupakan kawasan yang dilindungi karena mempunyai potensi keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi diantaranya berfungsi sebagai habitat banteng (Bos javanicus d’Alton 1832) . Populasi banteng di ke dua taman nasional tersebut akhir-akhir ini mengalami ancaman karena meningkatnya perburuan. Di TNMB, sebagian besar perburuan terjadi di luar kawasan taman nasional yaitu di kawasan Perkebunan dan sekitarnya, dan di TNAP terjadi di kawasan Hutan Produksi Perum Perhutani yang letaknya berbatasan langsung dengan kawasan taman nasional. Di luar TN banteng merusak dan memakan tanaman pertanian masyarakat, tanaman perkebunan dan tanaman di kawasan Perum Perhutani sehingga masyarakat mengalami kerugian antara 30% sampai 50% dari hasil panennya. Perburuan juga terjadi pada saat – saat hari besar keagamaan atau saat musim hajatan. Adanya gangguan banteng pada lahan masyarakat menimbulkan perbedaan kepentingan dan mengakibatkan konflik antara banteng dan masyarakat serta masyarakat dan pengelola TN. Permasalahan konflik yang dicirikan oleh meningkatnya perburuan perlu segera diselesaikan dalam rangka meminimalisir terjadinya ancaman yang lebih besar terhadap banteng. Salah satu solusi penyelesaian konflik konservasi banteng adalah melalui pengelolaan secara kolaboratif dengan melibatkan pihak-pihak seperti masyarakat sekitar kawasan serta stakeholders lainnya yang terkait dengan pengelolaan banteng. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan strategi konservasi banteng dengan pendekatan kolaboratif dengan tujuan antaranya menganalisis dukungan habitat banteng di dalam dan di luar kawasan; menganalisis aspek sosial, ekonomi serta persepsi masyarakat sekitar kawasan dari manfaat taman nasional dan banteng; menganalisis pengaruh dan kepentingan stakeholders terhadap nilai konservasi taman nasional dan banteng; serta menganalisis tingkat co-management konservasi banteng faktual dan harapan. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2008 sampai dengan Desember 2010, penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitaif dan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data potensi habitat dilakukan melaui analisis vegetasi , produktivitas hijauan pakan dan populasi banteng. Survey lapangan untuk mengetahui aspek sosial, ekonomi dan persepsi masyarakat terhadap manfaat kawasan taman nasional dan banteng dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan masyarakat sekitar kawasan dan tokoh masyarakat. Wawancara dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner secara terstruktur dengan panduan dan wawancara secara mendalam (indepth interview). Untuk mengetahui pengaruh dan kepentingan stakeholders dilakukan wawancara dengan stakeholders terkait konflik yaitu Perum Perhutani, Perkebunan Bandealit, BTMB, BTNAP dan masyarakat (kelompok masyarakat dan individu) . Analisa data dilakukan secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif...dst
Keyword: taman nasional, bos javanicus, konservasi, konflik, stakeholder, ko-manajemen

Judul: Manajemen konflik konservasi banteng ( Bos javanicus d’Alton 1832 ) dengan masyarakat di Taman Nasional Meru Betiri dan Taman Nasional Alas Purwo Jawa Timur
Abstrak: Study on conflict management of bulls (Bos javanicus d’Alton 1832) conservation with community in Meru Betiri National Park and Alas Purwo National Park East Java was conducted on 2008 to 2010. The aims of study were to analyze the potency of habitat to know carrying capacity of bulls feeding ground, perception and social economic of community around national park and to identify stakeholders who have conflict with bulls conservation .The main aim of the study to formulate conservation strategy of bulls with used collaborative management as solution management of wildlife conflict. The method of study were used food source productivity and carrying capacity analysis, stakeholders grid, analysis hierarchy process (AHP) and SWOT analysis. The result showed that the main stakeholders who have interested on bulls management in Meru Betiri National Park are plantation company (MBNT), Production Forest of Perum Parhutani (APNP), community around national park, NGO KAIL and national park management. The research showed that the carrying capacity of feeding ground relatively low to support bulls population in national park. How ever the community perception to national park was very positive, unfortunately the perception of the community to the bulls benefit in the park was negative. The level income of community around MBNP were between Rp.332.000,- to Rp.617.000,- per month and Rp. 885.000,- to Rp.1.445.000,- at APNP. The model of wildlife conflict management solution is co-management by develop program activity and level of co-management existing and hope i.e habitat management of grazing area (consultative and cooperative), development of captive breeding (instructive and informative), ecotourism (consultative and advocacy) and development of medicine and fruits tree (cooperative and advocacy).
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Judul: Characterizations of low alloy steel sae 4422  plated with chromic acid (Cro3)
Abstrak: Characterizations of low alloy steel SAE 4422 plated with chromic acid (CrOrO3) was use Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), RD),Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-Ray (EDAX), Hardness Test and Roughness Test. Microstructures analysis exhibits cracks and grain boundaries microcracks as a characteristics of chrome metal found at plating metal. Perlite and Ferrite as grains of steel found at base metal with grain boundaries around it. Phase analysis of plating metal appropriate to chrome metal with lattice constant (a) is 2.559 Å and phase analysis of base metal appropriate to iron ferrite with lattice constant (a) is 3.318 Å. Both plating and base metal have cubic system. Chemical analysis of plating metal at surface section exhibits that cracks area have highest value of carbon element compare with grains and grains boundaries area. While chemical analysis of base metal at cross section exhibits that perlite have highest value of carbon element compare with ferrite and grain boundaries. The hardness value of plating metal at surface section and cross section are 753 and 637 VHN. While, the hardness value of base metal and interface area at cross section are 205 and 373 VHN. The roughness value at measurement points of chrome surface for as received sample are 0.445 μm. Observation used Optical Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy exhibits surface irregularities combine to form surface texture of plating metal at surface section.
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