Judul: Premi Tunggal Bersih Asuransi Jiwa Berjangka Unit Link Menggunakan Metode Point-to-Point dengan Manfaat Bervariasi
Abstrak: Karya ilmiah ini membahas asuransi jiwa berjangka 20-tahun unit link menggunakan metode Point-to-Point dengan manfaat bervariasi. Asuransi unit link adalah jenis asuransi modern yang menggabungkan unsur proteksi kematian dengan unsur investasi. Metode Point-to-Point adalah metode pengindeksan manfaat investasi asuransi unit link di mana tingkat pengembalian investasi hanya dipengaruhi oleh harga saham pada waktu awal dan akhir investasi. Premi tunggal bersih dihitung menggunakan prinsip kesetaraan. Berdasarkan asumsi bahwa peserta asuransi berjenis kelamin laki-laki berusia 30 tahun, manfaat kematian 10 tahun pertama berbeda dengan manfaat kematian 10 tahun berikutnya, tingkat bunga bebas risiko sebesar 3,5%, tingkat partisipasi 80%, tingkat pengembalian premi 90%, nilai cap (batas atas return investasi yang ditanggung) 20%, garansi minimum return investasi 5%, dan investasi pada saham PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk (TLKM), maka dapat dihitung besar premi tunggal bersihnya., This scientific paper studies about a 20-years term life unit link insurance using the Point-to-Point method with varied benefit. Unit link insurance is a modern type of insurance which combine death protection and investment. The Point-to Point method is an indexing method for the investment benefit where the return of the investment is only affected by the initial price and the ending price of the stock invested. The net single premium is calculated using equivalence principal. Based on the assumption that the insurance participant is 30 years old male, the death benefit for the first 10 years of insurance is not the same as the death benefit for the next 10 years, the risk-free interest rate of 3,5%, the participation rate of 80%, the rate of premium return of 90%, cap rate (upper limit of the investment return covered) of 20%, minimum guarantee of the investment return of 5%, and investment in PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk (TLKM) stocks, then the net single premium can be determined.
Keyword: net single premium, point-to-point method, term life insurance, unit link, varied benefit

Judul: Determining Unit Link Term Life Insurance Net Single Premium Using the Compound Annual Ratchet Method
Abstrak: Asuransi unit link merupakan salah satu bentuk asuransi jiwa modern yang memberikan dua manfaat, yakni manfaat kematian dan manfaat investasi bagi tertanggung. Penghitungan premi dilakukan dengan mengasumsikan instrumen investasi yang digunakan berupa saham serta suku bunga konstan selama periode asuransi. Namun, pada keadaan sesungguhnya, instrumen investasi yang digunakan dapat berupa sebuah portofolio investasi yang terdiri atas berbagai instrumen investasi yang dimiliki oleh perusahaan asuransi serta suku bunga bervariasi. Tujuan karya ilmiah ini adalah menentukan besaran premi tunggal bersih dari asuransi jiwa berjangka unit link menggunakan metode pengindeksan saham compound annual ratchet pada empat skenario berbeda di mana tingkat cap dan tingkat floor divariasikan. Hasil penghitungan memberikan empat nilai premi tunggal bersih untuk masing-masing skenario. Secara keseluruhan, peningkatan tingkat floor dari 0% menjadi 3% memberikan nilai premi tunggal bersih yang lebih tinggi, sedangkan peningkatan tingkat cap dari 9% menjadi 12% memberikan nilai premi tunggal bersih yang lebih tinggi, tetapi kurang signifikan., The unit link insurance is one of the modern forms of life insurance that provides two benefits, namely death benefits and investment benefits for the insured. The calculation of the premiums is based on the assumption that the investment instruments used are equities and constant interest rates during the insurance period. However, in actual circumstances, the investment instrument used may be an investment portfolio consisting of different investments owned by the insurance company as well as varying interest rates. This scientific paper aims to determine the net single premium of life insurance unit link using the indexing method of compound annual ratchet stocks in four scenarios where the cap and floor values vary. The calculation results give net single premium values for each scenario. Overall, an increase in the floor level from 0% to 3% yields a higher net single premium value while an increase in the cap level rate from 9% to 12% gives a higher but less significant net single premium value.
Keyword: asuransi jiwa berjangka, Investasi, compound annual ratchet, premi tunggal bersih, unit link

Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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