Judul: Pendeteksian Penjiplakan Kode Program C dengan K-Means
Abstrak: The practice of plagiarism in programming assignments can be easily done by students. Thus, a system that can detect this practice, i.e., by grouping similar programs into a cluster, is needed. K-Means clustering is a method of flat clustering that has been used to determine similar codes based on the structure of the source codes. The objective of this research is to make the checking process automatic. This research uses a sample of 92 source codes in C comprising 9 groups based on the source code structure similarity. In this study we conducted two experiments, i.e., by determining the number of clusters (manual) and without determining the number of clusters (automatic). The results indicate that the manual experiment resulted in a higher Rand Index (91.35%) and a faster execution time. The system is able to perform automatic clustering process with a Rand Index of 90.63%. The automated clustering does not have significant difference of Rand index, implying the performance is good enough for the clustering without determining the K value first
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Judul: Pendeteksian Penjiplakan Kode Program C dengan Bisecting K-means
Abstrak: Plagiarism of source codes assignments is a widespread problem in academic institutions. Manual plagiarism detection is time and energy consuming. Therefore, a system that can help detecting this plagiarism is needed. The detection can be done by grouping similar source codes based on their structure. This method is used in previous research by using automatic K-means iterations algorithm. That algorithm, although produced decent clusters, had a long execution time. The purpose of this research is to improve the time efficiency and clusters result quality by using bisecting K-means algorithm. The results showed a significant improvement in execution time from 11.68 seconds to 6.64 seconds. Bisecting K-means also produced fewer clusters with slightly better Rand Index than K-means iterations. Furthermore, experiments using 2-gram to 6-gram showed that 4-gram resulted in the best performance
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Judul: Duodenal Histopathology of Pediatric Rat (Rattus norvergicus)&#160;Fed with Orange Juice (Citrus sinensis)
Abstrak: This research investigates the impact of orange juice consumption on the histological structure of the duodenum, a critical site for nutrient absorption and digestion. Focusing on pediatric animals, orange juice (with a pH of 3) was administered to post-weaning rats aged 4 weeks to 6 weeks at dosages ranging from 0g/kg BW to 20g/kg BW over two weeks. Duodenal histopathology was assessed, focusing on parameters such as the quantity of crypts of Lieberkuhn, as well as the length, height, width, and depth of villi (measured in µm). Anatomical pathology examination included measurements of the length and width of the duodenum (also in µm), as well as the color mean (OD). The research findings indicate no significant changes in histopathology or anatomy pathology of the duodenum. This suggests that young individuals can adapt to acidic challenges without compromising gastrointestinal health. These findings offer reassurance regarding the short-term consumption of acidic orange juice (with a pH of 3) with minimal risks to intestinal integrity, both during growth and development.
Keyword: acidic changes