Judul: Analisis Ketimpangan Pembangunan Wilayah di Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: The purpose of these study are: (1) understand and identify the linkages between economic sectors in Bogor Regency, (2) understand the inter-area development districts in Bogor, (3) understand and identify the pattern of development activity in the sector, Bogor regency, and (4) recommend policy direction to sectoral development priorities in Bogor to reduce regional development disparities. This research was conducted in Bogor, West Java, with unit area of observation there were 40 subdistricts in Bogor. The result of updating the 2008 IO table analysis is showed that, (1) the sector of non-oil & gas industry (INM), and sector of electricity, gas and water supply (LGA) has a key sector in Bogor regency. This sector has the power distribution and a strong degree of sensitivity; (2) the economic activity is concentrated in the center area of Bogor regency, but physical activity has started to spread out from the middle region of Bogor district, namely the western and eastern parts of Bogor Regency; (3) in economic activity, the pattern of regional economic development was still in the near town area of Bogor (center region). But physically (landuse), physical development pattern of the area has moved out of the area west of Bogor regency. (4) variables that have relationships with the regional development disparities in Bogor Regency are the ratio of human resources with the hierarchy of the region in 2006, the ratio of human resource with hierarchy of the region in 2008, and hierarchy of the region in 2006 with hierarchy of the region in 2008.
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Judul: Typology of Districts in Bogor Regency Based on Physical Development and Socio-Economic Conditions
Abstrak: Kabupaten Bogor menjadi bagian dari entitas wilayah megacity Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, dan Bekasi) dan wilayah satelit atau hinterland dari Jakarta. Pertumbuhan penduduk dan berbagai aktivitas mendorong peningkatan jumlah dan jenis fasilitas yang menjadi indikator dari perkembangan suatu wilayah. Hal ini menyebabkan Kabupaten Bogor memiliki potensi besar untuk mengalami perubahan tutupan lahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) menganalisis dinamika perubahan tutupan lahan; (2) menganalisis tingkat perkembangan wilayah tahun 2019 dan 2022; (3) menganalisis pengelompokan wilayah berdasarkan karakteristik fisik, sosial, dan ekonomi; dan (4) menganalisis tipologi wilayah berdasarkan indeks perkembangan kecamatan (IPK), indeks pembangunan manusia (IPM), dan persentase tutupan lahan. Data yang digunakan berupa peta tutupan lahan tahun 2019 dan 2022; peta administrasi; potensi desa 2019 dan 2022; dan data IPM tahun 2019 dan 2022. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis perubahan tutupan lahan dengan meng-overlay peta tutupan lahan, menganalisis tingkat perkembangan wilayah menggunakan skalogram, analisis tipologi klassen, dan tipologi klaster menggunakan k-means clustering. Hasil analisis tutupan lahan menunjukkan penurunan terbesar pada sawah dan pertanian lahan kering yang berubah menjadi lahan terbangun, terutama di Kecamatan Cibinong karena meningkatnya permintaan ruang yang dapat dilihat pada data eksisting jumlah fasilitas ekonomi yang mengalami peningkatan. Tingkat perkembangan wilayah di Kabupaten Bogor didominasi oleh kategori rendah hingga sangat rendah berdasarkan jumlah dan jarak fasilitas pendidikan, kesehatan, dan ekonomi. Analisis tipologi klassen menunjukkan kecamatan yang berkembang pesat dan yang mengalami kemunduran, Kabupaten Bogor didominasi berada di kuadran 3 dengan persentase lahan terbangun, IPK, dan IPM yang rendah. Tipologi wilayah mengelompokkan objek ke dalam kelompok yang homogen menjadi tiga kategori, yaitu bagian timur dan barat didominasi oleh perdesaan, bagian utara oleh perkotaan, dan suburban menyebar di Kabupaten Bogor., Bogor Regency is part of the megacity entity Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi) and serves as a satellite area or hinterland of Jakarta. Population growth and various activities increase the number and types of facilities, indicators of regional development. This situation gives Bogor Regency significant potential for land cover changes. This study aims to: (1) analyze the dynamics of land cover changes; (2) analyze the level of regional development in 2019 and 2022; (3) analyze regional grouping based on physical, social, and economic characteristics; and (4) analyze regional typology based on the District Development Index (IPK), Human Development Index (IPM), and land cover percentage. The data used includes land cover maps for 2019 and 2022, administrative maps, village potential data for 2019 and 2022, and IPM data for 2019 and 2022. The methods used are land cover change analysis by overlaying land cover maps, analyzing regional development levels using a scalogram, Klassen typology analysis, and cluster typology using k-means clustering. The land cover analysis results show the most significant decrease in rice fields and dry agricultural land converted into built-up areas, especially in Cibinong District, due to the increasing demand for space, which can be seen in the existing data on the number of economic facilities that have increased. The regional development level in Bogor Regency is dominated by the low to deficient category based on the number and distance of educational, health, and economic facilities. The Klassen typology analysis
Keyword: Indeks perkembangan kecamatan, Perubahan tutupan lahan, Tipologi klassen, Tipologi klaster

Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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