Judul: Perbandingan Ekstraksi Gelatin Kulit Sapi Split dengan Proses Asam dan Basa
Abstrak: Gelatin is a protein derivative from collagen fiber contained in the skin tissue, bone, and cartilage. Bovine hide is potential to be used in gelatin industry because it contains high collagen fiber, i.e. 89%. The hide can be obtained from the slaughterhouse or tannery industry. Split leather from tannery industry has not been utilized optimally. Gelatin production process can be classified mainly into two processes, i.e. acid or base process. Acid process produced gelatin type A while base process produced gelatin type B. These processes are different based on solution type and soaking period. Acid process is performed by soaking the leather in HCl 1%for 24 hours, while base process is carried out by soaking the leather in Ca(OH)2 3% and NaOH 0.05% for 7 days. Parameters observed in this study were moisture content, ash, protein, fat, color, acidity (pH), gel strength, viscosity, and molecular weight. The yield of gelatin from tannery and slaughterhouse leather obtained in this study were 22.12% and 30.77% for gelatin type A, respectively, and 6.40% and 26.12% for gelatin type B, respectively. The characteristics of the gelatin, from tanning manufacture and slaughterhouse, had complied SNI (1995) and BSI (1975). Thus, tannery leather is a potential source for gelatin. The yield showed that the acid process was better than the base process, while based on properties such as the viscosity, molecular weight, and gel strength, the base process was better than the acid process.
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Judul: Kualitas Gelatin Tipe A dengan Bahan Baku Tulang Paha Ayam Broiler pada Lama Ekstraksi yang Berbeda
Abstrak: Gelatin is one of the important ingredients in the pharmaceutical, food, and photography industry. Until now, Indonesia is a full importer of gelatine. Raw materials are majority from pig skin (46%), followed by beef cattle skin (28%), and beef cattle bones (24%). Unlawful status in the product-based pig and mad cow case are the big problems for the industries today. High demand of halal and healthy gelatine in Indonesia can be solved with alternative raw materials. This research purpose was to examine the potential of chicken leg bone as raw material for A type gelatine, and focused to know the influence of extraction time on the quality of gelatine. The parameters to assess the quality of gelatin are yield, pH value, water content, ash content, viscosity, and gel strength. This research was conducted in the Waste Processing Laboratory, Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science IPB. The procedure in this research consists of : preparation of raw materials, degreasing, size diminution, demineralization, liming, extraction, filtering, congealment, drying, and powdering. Experimental design of this research used complete random design (RAL), which use two-stage extraction treatment duration, 6 hours (2 hours per phase extraction) and 12 hours (4 hour time period per phase extraction). Replication in the research is conducted five times. The data was analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Gelatine produced in this research had yield 2,52-7,10%, pH value 4,60-5,98, water content 8,12-16,22%, ash content 0,33-2,57%, viscosity 0,12-3,12, and gel strength 487,20-1338,46 grams/cm². Chicken leg bone has low potential as raw material of gelatine. Extraction time was significant influence to the quality of gelatine. The quality of gelatine of 12 hours extraction was better than 6 hours, particularly in terms of yield, water content, viscosity, and gel strength. Apparently, the potential of chicken leg bones as raw material of gelatine was lower than chicken cartilage bones. Keywords: quality of gelatine, chicken leg bone, acid treatment
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Judul: Pengukuran Engagement pada Permainan Orbital-X, Permainan Pertahanan Menara Sirkular
Abstrak: Jenis permainan pertahanan menara (tower defense) adalah sebuah gaya permainan yang memiliki tantangan tersendiri untuk menyusun sebuah strategi melawan musuh dengan menempatkan menara pertahanan yang tepat. Permainan dalam tugas akhir ini adalah permainan pertahanan menara yang memiliki konsep berbeda, yaitu dengan menaruh menara pertahanan di posisi tengah dan menara lainnya berputar sirkula. Sebelum permainan disebarkan, dibuat 2 buah kuesioner, yaitu kuesioner pra-permainan dan pasca permainan untuk mengukur engagement pemain. Kuesioner pra-permainan diberikan kepada 5 orang. Kemudian, mereka diberi waktu untuk memainkan Orbital-X selama satu minggu. Setelah itu, kelima responden diberikan kuesioner pasca permainan untuk mengukur engagement ketika bermain. Hasil pengukuran engagement pada aspek immersion, pemain sangat setuju dengan pertanyaan “Saya dapat dengan mudah menggunakan kontrol Orbital-X dan saya dapat menguasainya dengan cepat” dan pemain sangat tidak setuju dengan pertanyaan “Interaksi yang terjadi dalam dunia game yang saya mainkan sama halnya seperti saya berinteraksi di dunia nyata”.
Keyword: Engagement, Gameplay, Immersion, Permainan, Pertahanan Menara