Judul: Model Lanskap Pertanian Terpadu Berdasarkan Budaya Masyarakat Adat Tana Toraja, Sulawesi Selatan
Abstrak: Lanskap budaya terbentuk karena interaksi antara manusia dengan lingkungannya. Keberadaan lanskap budaya ini didasari oleh kondisi alam seperti geologi, bentuk lahan, hidrologi, iklim dan jenis tanah di sebuah tempat dan membentuk fitur alami seperti bukit, sungai, mata air, serta hutan. Manusia dalam kehidupannya membentuk interaksi sosial melalui sistem kepercayaan, adat istiadat serta kebudayaannya. Fitur alam dan fitur sosial lalu saling bersinergi. Bentuk sinergi antara lanskap budaya dan fitur alami akan menghasilkan fitur-fitur buatan seperti permukiman, peninggalan sejarah, dan pertanian. Tana Toraja, Sulawesi Selatan, memiliki fitur buatan berupa pertanian, yang muncul akibat sinergi antara sistem kepercayaan nenek moyang yaitu Aluk Todolo dan fitur alami yang dimiliknya. Masyarakat adat Tana Toraja berpatokan pada konsep Tallu Lolona A’pa’ Tauninna, yang mengatur hubungan antara manusia dengan manusia, Tuhan atau Puang Matua, serta hewan dan tanaman, sehingga mempengaruhi mereka dalam penataan lingkungannya, terutama pertanian. Pertanian di Tana Toraja diolah oleh masyarakatnya bukan hanya untuk sektor ekonomi, tetapi juga sebagai alat ketahanan pangan dan melakukan kegiatan-kegiatan adat. Desa/Lembang Sillanan adalah lokasi yang terpilih dalam mengidentifikasi unsur-unsur kearifan lokal dalam bertani di Kabupaten Tana Toraja. Potensi yang dimiliki daerah ini adalah pada bidang pertanian, perkebunan dan peternakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertanian terpadu yang terbentuk karena tradisi dan fitur alami serta model lanskap pertanian terpadu yang terbentuk di Lembang Sillanan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode spasial dan deskriptif. Identifikasi karakteristik lanskap pertanian terpadu dilakukan melalui penelusuran dokumen adat, wawancara tokoh masyarakat, dan survei lapangan. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah fitur sosial Lembang Sillanan yaitu Fitur alami yaitu bukit, sungai, mata air dan hutan. Fitur sosial yaitu sistem kepercayaan Aluk Todolo, filosofi Tallu Lolona A’pa’ Tauninna dan cara dalam bertani. Fitur buatan yaitu kawasan permukiman tradisional, situs bersejarah, serta pertanian (sawah, perikanan, kebun/perkebunan, ladang, pekarangan, dan peternakan). Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini memaparkan bahwa pertanian terpadu di Lembang Sillanan terdiri dari minapadi, Sistem Integrasi Padi dan Ternak (SIPT), agroforestri, dan Sistem Integrasi Tanaman dan Ternak (SITT). Model lanskap pertanian terpadu di Lembang Sillanan yang terdiri dari lanskap pertanian makro berupa lanskap kampung dan lahan pertanian mikro berupa pekarangan. Model pertanian terpadu membentuk sebuah hierarki dari pertanian hingga tempat sakral. Kata kunci : Karakter Lanskap, Lanskap Budaya, Lanskap Pertanian, Pertanian Toraja, Pertanian Terpadu, Cultural landscapes are formed due to interactions between humans and their environment. The existence of this cultural landscape is based on natural conditions such as geology, landforms, hydrology, climate, and soil type in a place. It forms natural features such as hills, rivers, springs, and forests. Humans form social interactions through their belief systems, customs, and culture. Natural features and social features then synergize with each other. The synergy between cultural landscapes and natural features will produce artificial features such as settlements, historical heritage, and agriculture. Tana Toraja, South Sulawesi, has artificial features in the form of agriculture, which emerged as a result of the synergy between the ancestral belief system, namely Aluk Todolo, and the natural features it possesses. The Tana Toraja indigenous people are based on the Tallu Lolona A'pa' Tauninna concept, which regulates the relationship between humans and humans, God or Puang Matua, as well
Keyword: Karakter Lanskap, Lanskap Budaya, Lanskap Pertanian, Pertanian Toraja, Pertanian Terpadu

Judul: Kajian Karakteritik Lanskap Sunda Parahiyangan sebagai Model Lanskap Pertanian Berkelanjutan
Abstrak: Agricultural landscape (agroecosystem) is a unified system of ecology and socio-economic and also spiritual-culture that involved in production of foods, shelters, clothes, fibers, biofuels, and other agricultural products. Sustainability of agroecosystem is needed to support the continuity of life, especially for rural communities that relied strongly on agricultural resources. Sundanese society as a rural and mountain society has its own traditional ecological knowledges (TEK). TEK of Sundanese society could be a filter for modernization that negatively affects socio-cultural life of the society itself, as well as damages the nature and environment. Regarding to the role of TEK, it is necessary to do an explorative and descriptive-qualitative study of the various forms of TEK in the context of sustainable agriculture. The qualitative method was used for collecting relevant data to the characteristic of Sunda Parahiyangan landscape. The Data were collected by using Rapid Participatory Rural Appraisal (rPRA) through semi-structured interview, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), and field survey. Data analysis used Landscape Characteristic Assessment (LCA) to analyze character of Sunda Parahiyangan landscape, Knowledge-Based System Methodology to analyze TEK, National Research Council (NRC) and Community Sustainability Assessment (CSA) to analyze sustainable agricultural landscape. The sustainability of agricultural landscape was proposed to achieve USDA’s sustainable agricultural landscape criteria. The study results indicate that the Sunda Parahiyangan agroecosystem has unique characteristics as a result of the adaptation of society to nature and environment through a learning process from generation to generation in a relatively long time period. The character at rural landscape that has been created is a mountainous agricultural landscape type with abundant water resource as a main element. Therefore, Sundanese society called as mountain people (urang gunung) and water people (urang cai). In general, this character is reflected in some Sundanese’s agroecosystems such as kebun-talun (forest garden), sawah (paddy field), and pekarangan (home garden) that located in the surrounding settlement area. Furthermore, kabuyutan concept is one of the TEKs related to understanding and utilization of nature and environment. Kabuyutan is focused on revitalizing the role of forest (mountain) as a buffer of agroecosystem balance by calculating and deciding protected area (leuweung larangan/protected forest and leuweung tutupan/conservation forest). To support the sustainability, integrated between traditional and modern concept by practicing agroforestry system with low external-input and sustainable agriculture (LEISA) system and also applying Islamic management could be applied in utilizing and managing agricultural resources.
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Judul: Indeks eritrosit pada kelinci new zealand white jantan (Oryctolagus cuniculus) pasca operasi urethrotomi
Abstrak: Research was conducted to evaluate erythrocyte indices of male new zealand white rabbits undergoing the urethrotomy surgery. Fifteen males NZW rabbits used in this study and distributed to three treatment groups. Treatment groups are slicing urethra up serous layer group, slicing urethra through mucosal lining group, and abdominal skin group as control. Blood samples were collected via auricularis vein. Based on statistic test, at the end of operation (H+0) and interval 7 days postoperatively (H+7) no significant difference in the results obtained for erythrocyte indices. Erythrocyte indices (MCV and MCHC) group serous, mucous, and abdominal skin showed the same result were microcytic–normochromic anemia. However, the microcytic–normochromic anemia resulted from iron deficiency due to poor feed quality.
Keyword: erythrocyte indices, new zealand white rabbit, urethrotomy