Judul: Kualitas Pupuk Organik Padat dari Limbah Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) dan Kotoran Hewan
Abstrak: ARIF FAUZAN RAHMAN. Kualitas Pupuk Organik Padat dari Limbah Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) dan Kotoran Hewan. Dibimbing oleh DEDEN SAPRUDIN dan FAHRIZAL HAZRA. Kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) adalah tanaman perkebunan utama di Indonesia yang banyak menghasilkan limbah biomassa salah satunya tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS). Limbah TKKS mencapai 23% dari total bobot produksi kelapa sawit, kaya akan unsur hara yang penting dan dapat dimanfaatkan bagi pertumbuhan tanaman. Salah satu pemanfaatannya ialah diolah menjadi pupuk organik dengan cara biocomposting yang bergantung pada mikrob untuk memecah komponen organik dan melepaskan nutrisi yang tersedia di TKKS. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh tambahan kotoran hewan (kohe) yang pada kualitas pupuk organik padat dari limbah TKKS yang dihasilkan. Percobaan menggunakan 2 ragam kohe, yaitu kohe ayam dan kohe kambing. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keunggulan yang beragam dari kedua varian. Keunggulan pupuk dengan kohe ayam ialah berupa tekstur berserat, nisbah C/N rendah, kadar hara (P, Zn, dan B) yang lebih tinggi, serta kadar logam berat yang lebih rendah. Sebaliknya pupuk dengan kohe kambing memiliki keunggulan berupa tekstur granula padat, kadar hara (K, Mo, Fe-total, dan Fe-tersedia) yang lebih tinggi, serta tidak terdapat kandungan logam As., ARIF FAUZAN RAHMAN. Quality of Solid Organic Fertilizer from Empty Palm Bunches (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) and Animal Manure. Supervised by DEDEN SAPRUDIN and FAHRIZAL HAZRA. Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is a major plantation crop in Indonesia that produces a lot of biomass waste, one of which is oil palm empty fruit bunches (EPB). EPB waste reaches 23% of the total weight of oil palm production, is rich in important nutrients and can be utilized for plant growth. One of the uses is to be processed into organic fertilizer by biocomposting which depends on microbes to break down organic components and release nutrients available in EPB. This study aims to evaluate the effect of additional animal manure (kohe) on the quality of solid organic fertilizer from EPB waste produced. The experiment used 2 varieties of kohe, namely chicken kohe and goat kohe. The results showed diverse advantages of both variants. The advantages of fertilizer with chicken kohe are fibrous texture, low C/N ratio, higher nutrient levels (P, Zn, and B), and lower heavy metal levels. On the other hand, fertilizer with goat cohe has the advantage of a dense granule texture, higher nutrient levels (K, Mo, Fe-total, and Fe-available), and no As metal content.
Keyword: kotoran hewan, pupuk organik padat, TKKS, animal manure, EPB, solid organic fertilizer

Judul: The Quality of Liquid Organic Fertilizer from a Combination of Dairy Cow Manure and Laying Hen on Production of Kangkong
Abstrak: Kotoran sapi perah dan ayam petelur merupakan bahan organik yang dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi pupuk organik cair (POC). Pupuk organik cair mengandung unsur hara yaitu nitrogen, fosfor, dan kalium yang dapat menunjang pertumbuhan, perkembangan, dan kesehatan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kadar hara makro yang dihasilkan dari POC berbahan dasar kotoran sapi perah dan ayam petelur, serta menguji efektivitasnya terhadap produktivitas tanaman kangkung darat (Ipomea reptans Poir.). Tahapan yang pertama yaitu pembuatan POC dengan 3 perlakuan meliputi 100% kotoran sapi perah (S100A0), 80% kotoran sapi perah dan 20% kotoran ayam petelur (S80A20), 60% kotoran sapi perah dan 40% kotoran ayam petelur (S60A40) data di olah secara deskriptif. Tahap kedua pengujian pada tanaman kangkung dengan 3 perlakuan yaitu kontrol, NPK, POC NPK, analisis data menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan S60A40 memiliki kandungan NPK tertinggi dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya, namun belum memenuhi standar. Uji tanam menunjukkan bahwa peran POC belum dapat memberikan hasil yang optimal dalam meningkatkan produktivitas kangkung darat., Cow and layer chicken manure are organic materials that can be utilized to produce liquid organic fertilizer (POC). Liquid organic fertilizer contains essential nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which support plant growth, development, and health. This study aims to analyze the macro nutrient content produced from POC based on cow and layer chicken manure and to test its effectiveness on the productivity of kangkong (Ipomea reptans Poir.). The first stage involves the production of POC with three treatments: 100% cow manure (S100A0), 80% cow manure and 20% chicken manure (S80A20), and 60% cow manure and 40% chicken manure (S60A40). The data are processed descriptively. The second stage is the testing of kangkong using a Completely Randomized Design with three treatments: control, NPK, and POC NPK, and data analysis using a completely randomized design (CRD). The results indicate that the S60A40 treatment has the highest NPK content compared to other treatments, although it does not yet meet the standard. The planting test indicated that the POC treatment did not provide optimal result in increasing the productivity of kangkong.
Keyword: Ipomea reptans Poir, kotoran ayam petelur, kotoran sapi perah, pupuk organik cair

Judul: A Continuous Vaccination Strategy in the SVIR Epidemic Model
Abstrak: Vaccination is conducted to minimize the spread of a disease. The vaccination is usually done several times within a fixed time interval. In the SVIR model, it is assumed that individuals do not get immediate immunity following a vaccination program. So according to process of vaccination on SVIR model, there are two strategies, i.e. the continuous vaccination strategy (CVS) and the pulse vaccination strategy (PVS). In this study, only the CVS strategy in epidemic model SVIR is considered. Results of the study indicate that dynamics of the CVS system depends on the basic reproductive number. If the basic reproductive number is less than one, then the disease-free fixed point is asymptotically stable. It means that the disease will eventually disappear from the population. Conversely, if the basic reproductive number is greater than one, then the endemic fixed point is asymptotically stable, which means that the disease will remain exist in the population. Simulation result shows that the vaccination would minimize the spread of disease by reducing the basic reproductive number. If the time for the vaccinated recipients to obtain the immunity, as well as a possibility of vaccinated recipients to be infected are neglected, then the disease will be eradicated. This condition is called an over-evaluating effect of vaccination.
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