Judul: Design conservation of seagrass for sustainability of fish resources in the Tanjung Luar, East Lombok
Abstrak: Seagrass ecosystem has a vital role in the marine environment as a habitat for marine biota, primary productivity, regulate the trophic level of species and populations and gas regulations for the balance of CO2 and O2 through the photosynthesis of mechanism. The purpose of this study is to analysis the ecology of seagrass (seagrass conditions, threat of damage to seagrass, the abundance and diversity of fish species), the social aspect (local ecological knowledge and community values local knowledge). Data was collected by survey and observations. Data analysis was conducted descriptively to explain the condition, potential threats and sources of damage to the seagrass and regression models was used to explain the number of species and aossociation of fish to seagrass. These results indicate the condition of seagrass at the study site in the category of normal, the number of seagrass species was nine species of the total area of 154.21 ha of the seagrass and seagrass community types was a mixed type. Type and number of fish species obtained from 42 families comprising 118 species and 16 049 individuals. The most fish appropriate regression model to explain the number of species and individual fish associated with seagrass is quadratic and exponential models. Fish species diversity is the highest in Gili Maringkik (2.942) and the lowest is in Gili Kere (2.448). Seagrass damage parameters can be seen from the status of marine species such as the scarcity of fish, sea cucumbers, shrimp and molluscs as well as the number of damaged seagrass biomass/day by the community. Ecological communities have sufficient knowledge to know seagrass species as well as the function of the environmental and economic benefits to society and have the local knowledge that is relevant to the conservation namely awiq-awiq. The conclusion of the study is the management of the seagrass beds to the sustainability of fish can be done through seagrass conservation strategy with the zoning system through : (1) integrate the existence of ecology as an instrument in the management and the conservation design, (2) accommodate the ecological knowledge and indigenous communities and (3) zoning can be made in the management of the core zone in the seagrass zone the Gili Kere and sustainable fisheries in the seagrass beds in other locations.
Keyword: 

Judul: Asosiasi ikan dengan padang lamun di perairan karang lebar, kepulauan seribu, Jakarta
Abstrak: Seagrass is a complex aquatic ecosystem in trophics area with high productivity and biodiversity. This ecosystem play role of physics, chemistry, and biology. Biologically, seagrass used as spawning, feeding, and nursery ground for aquatic biota, especially fish. Seagrass is part of the coastal region where there are many human activities, such as coastal development, overfishing, boat traffic, and sand mining. One of the seagrass areas with high human activity around is Karang Lebar shallow waters, Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta. Types of data taken in this research is primary data, including environmental parameters, condition of seagrass and fishes that live in it. Fishes caught by gill net with mesh size from 0.5 – 3 cm. Sampling conducted in day and night, started from March until May 2011 with the arrest period twice a month. Observations were made at three stations of seagrass beds with different covering conditions (healthy, less healthy, and poor). Sorensen similarity index, constancy index, and fidelity index were used to determine the relationship of fish associated with seagrasses. In addition, it also used statistical tests such as Pearson correlation, biplot analysis, and Two Way ANOVA as a tool to test the truth of descriptive analysis results based on the facts as represented by data. Three seagrass species found in the observation area include Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, and Halophila ovalis. The highest cover obtained from Cymodocea rotundata. Value of total cover ranged between 26.5 % - 82.13 %. The highest INP of the species obtained from Cymodocea rotundata, indicate that these organisms have a great influence to the ecosystem. Fish were caught consist of 37 species and 22 genera. Total abundance was found in all three observation stations for 2287 individuals (healthy seagrass), 547 individuals (less healthy seagrass), and 889 individuals (poor seagrass). Pre-adult fish dominate at each station. While the most commonly species found are Hypoatherina temmincki, Gerres oyena, and Scolopsis lineatus. The catch composition on day and night differ in terms of abundance, type and size of the species. Adult fish were more common at night, although abundance in day were more than in the night. Based on size and species composition, healthy seagrass and less healthy seagrass functioning as nursery ground and feeding ground, while poor seagrass tend to play a role as feeding ground, especially for carnivorous fish. Change of the diversity and dominance value in the day and night allegedly due to the activity or movement of fish, which is not a permanent resident in seagrass. Referring Tomascik et al. (1997), permanent resident fish found in the observation area is Apogon margaritiphorus. Based on Sorensen similarity index, the fishes were divided into six groups of species. Constancy index ranging from 0-1, while fidelity index ranges from 0-3. Group of species 1 has a high preference on healthy and poor seagrasses, and low preference in unhealthy seagrasses. Healthy seagrass also preferred by group 6, which include Apogon kallopterus, Apogon margaritiphorus, Hemirhapus far, Chrysiptera hemicyanea, and Syngnathoides biaculeatus. Groups of species that have a high preference towards less healthy habitat is group 4, with Stethojulis balteata, and Chaetodon
Keyword: 

Judul: IPB (Bogor Agricultural University)
Abstrak: Infeksi Canine parvovirus (CPV) pada anjing merupakan isu penting di gan praktisi dokter hewan karena hingga saat ini belum ada terapi yang e tif mencegah kematian anjing akibat infeksi virus tersebut. Canine parvovirus a ah virus infeksius penyebab diare berdarah pada anjing. Anjing yang -t 'lilfeksi CPV menunjukkan gejala klinis muntah, diare, depresi, demam, tidak mau makan dan dehidrasi. Tropisme CPV adalah pada jaringan yang sel-selnya tif membelah seperti epitel saluran pencemaan, sumsum tulang dan jaringan foid. Mortalitas anak anjing mencapai 91% pada infeksi CPV yang tidak d10oati. Kematian anjing terjadi akibat septikemia dan dehidrasi. Pengobatan infeksi CPV yang dilakukan selama ini hanya untuk mengurangi dehidrasi dan infeksi sekunder, namun tidak dapat mencegah kematian. Imunoterapi secara intravena merupakan pendekatan baru yang potensial untuk pengobatan penyakit yang fatal pada hewan termasuk untuk substitusi penggunaan antibiotika. Metode terapi ini terbukti efektif digunakan untuk terapi pen akit pada manusia dan hewan yang penyebarannya melalui darah. Salah satu penyakit hewan yang sebaran virusnya di dalam tubuh melalui darah adalah infeksi Canine parvovirus pada anjing. Pengobatan infeksi CPV nampaknya efe*tif jika menggunakan antibodi spesifik dan aplikasinya secara intravena agar memberikan protektivitas yang optimal. Namun kendala biaya produksi antibodi yang sangat mahal membatasi penggunaan antibodi untuk terapi, sehingga sangat diperlukan altematif sumber antibodi lainnya. Ayam sangat berpotensi sebagai pabrik penghasil antibodi. Karakteristik Im oglobulin Y yang tidak mengaktivasi komplemen mamalia memungkinkan aplikasinya secara intravena. Selain itu imunoglobulin Y mudah diisolasi dari kunmg telur dalam jumlah banyak sehingga biaya produksinya murah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah pemanfaatan IgY anti CPV secara intravena untuk terapi infeksi CPV pada anjing. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam tiga tahap: 1. Produksi, isol si dan karakterisasi IgY anti CPV dan menguji aktivitasnya secara in vitro. 2. Me entukan kinetika IgY di dalam tubuh anjing agar dapat diduga dosis dan interval pengobatan. 3. Infeksi CPV pada anjing percobaan, pengobatan menggunakan dosis 1000 dan 10000 Protective dose 50 (PD₅₀) dan mengetahui efe*tivitas terapi terhadap profil leukosit anjing yang sembuh dari infeksi CPV. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa ayam yang diimunisasi mengakumulasikan antibodinya di dalam kuning telur. Peningkatan titer antibodi (lg, ) dalam serum ayam terjadi mulai minggu pertama dan mencapai puncaknya pad minggu keempat setelah imunisasi. Karakterisasi IgY menunjukkan dua pita tein dengan berat molekul 68 dan 23 kDa yang sesuai dengan berat molekul ai berat dan rantai ringan IgY. Titer IgY mumi terdeteksi 2¹¹ HI unit setelah r eaksikan dengan sel darah merah babi. Pengenceran tertinggi dari IgY yang a pu menetralisasi virus sebanyak 50% (PD₅₀) adalah pada pengenceran 10·⁸• 'ter virus parvo yang mampu menginfeksi selfeline kidney sebanyak 50% adalah pada titer 10-²,76 TCID₅₀. Titer virus yang digunakan untuk uji tantang di anjing adalah 100 TCID₅₀ dan titer antibodi yang digunakan untuk terapi adalah 1000 dan I0.000 PD₅₀• Terapi infeksi CPV di anjing hanya menggunakan dua jenis o· s dengan tujuan mengurangi penggunaan hewan coba karena resiko kematian anjing cukup tinggi. Kinetika IgY anti CPV dalam tubuh anjing mengikuti model satu partemen dan orde satu. Rata-rata waktu paruh IgY adalah 60 jam dan stanta ketepatan eliminasi IgY lebih tinggi dibandingkan IgG sehingga ngkinan IgY untuk
Keyword: IgY anti CPV, Intravena, Ekskresi virus, Kinetika IgY