Judul: Characteristic reproduction of males Bandicoot (Echymipera kalubu)
Abstrak: Bandicoot (Echymipera kalubu) is one of endemic species in Papua, which has various benefits for the people in Papua. The purpose of this research was to study male reproductive organs characteristics, the quality of cauda epididymal spermatozoa and spermatogenesis processes. This study used 21 males E. kalubu of three different stages of age. Sperm morphology was assessed by using Carbofuchsin (William’s stain) and the stages of spermatogenesis was analized by using Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) stain. The results showed that reproductive organs comprised of gonad (testis), accessory glands and penis. Testis were elipsoid in shape, the accessory glands consisted of prostat gland and Cowper gland, and the penis was bhipid. Epididymal sperm concentration and motility increased with sperm maturity. The length of sperm head, midpiece and principal piece were 2.91±0.40 μm, 13.99±0.87 μm and 145.59±5.38 μm, respectively and the total length of spermatozoa was 162.51±5.12 μm. Finally, E. kalubu had nine stages of spermatogenesis with ten step development of spermatids into spermatozoa.
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Judul: Sifat biologis dan karakteristik karkas dan daging Bandicoot (Echymipera kalubu)
Abstrak: The main objective of this study was to investigate the biological, carcass and meat characteristics of the spiny bandicoots (Echymipera kalubu). The research conducted using explorative method. Sixty eight mature bandicoots consisted of 36 males and 30 females were used to explore external characteristics, morphometry, behaviour, food preference and food intake, carcass and meat characteristics. Organoleptic test was used to have information on taste, smells and meat colour. The results, showed that the frequency and duration of Spiny Bandicoot behaviour at the night were eating (304.31 sec and 7.4 times), drinking (113.79 sec and 5.3 times) and grooming (151.46 sec and 4.85 times). The total time of the bandicoots activity at the night was 1.32 % for eating, drinking and grooming, 55.75 % for foraging and 42.93 % for shelter seeking. White breast bandicoots had obviously heavier hind legs but lighter fore legs meat compared with Red breast bandicoots. Meat and carcass characteristics of male and female bandicoots were dressing percentage (70.48 and 65.13), pH (5.78 and 5.66), tenderness (1.03 and 1.07 kg/cm2), cooking loss (33.62 and 34.47 %) and water holding capacity (37.14 and 35.98 % mgH2O). Meat composition contain complete amino acids and fatty acids, but a bit higher polysaturated fatty acids than other domestic livestocks especially palmitic acids (36.76 %). Flavor (taste, smells) and colour of the meat bandicoots can be accepted by people in Manokwari regency as well as like on pork, chiken and beef.
Keyword: Biological Character, Spiny Bandicoot, Papua, Ex-situ

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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