Judul: Karakterisasi Genom Mitokondria Ikan pada Gen Cytochrome Oxydase Subunit 1 (CO1) dan Cytochrome B (CytB)
Abstrak: Popularity mitochondria genome(mtDNA) is supported by the relatively small size (15-20kb), a relatively rapid rate of mutation, and not having a recombination, therefore the scientists are often using mtDNA to analyze a species, such as DNA barcoding. Segment of mtDNA genes that frequently used in DNA barcoding is CO1 (cytochrome Oxydase 1) and CytB (cytochrome B) as an alternative gene segment. The purpose of this study was to characterize usage of CO1 and CytB on various species of fish from the nucleotide database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/). The sequences of mtDNA from different taxa are gradually searched and selected. Then the data of nucleotide sequences were analyzed by using some programs, such as ClustalW, Microsoft Office Excel, and CodonW. The results showed that bias in general leads to the third codon A (73%). χ2 test conducted on the deployment of the third codon produced entirely evenly spread on each order. Amino acid that has a combination of 4 and 6 are having bias because they are having a high level of gene expression. Results of T-test for the relationship RSCU on CO1 and CytB not significantly different (α = 0,05 level, tcount <α) so that they are conserved as a marker genes also there might be genetic diversity in fishes’ mtDNA.
Keyword: mitochondria, fishes, CO1, CytB, bias

Judul: Variasi Gen Cyt b Mitokondria pada ikan belida
Abstrak: Knife fish is freshwater fish belonging to the Notopteridae famili distributed across India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Thailand and western part of Indonesia. This fish is very popular for consumption and ornamental fish. Studies of freshwater fishes, especially in the protected freshwater fish form is an important aspect of biogeographical studies, because they do not disperse easily through saltwater areas, and thus their evolution may be tightly linked to the geological histories. This study aimed to analyze cyt b gene sequence variation of knife fish from the Mahakam River (Borneo) and Indragiri River (Sumatra) as a base for studying their population and phylogenetic position. Samples of 38 fish samples taken from two rivers, nine samples from the Mahakam River and 29 samples from the Indragiri River. Cyt b gene amplification succeeded in seven samples (KALTIM02, TU02, TU06, TU07, KCO001, KCO005, dan PP03). Phylogeny analysis performed using Kimura-2-parameter based on the first two bases of each codon and amino acid. Both topography show that six samples are in the same clade with Chitala lopis, whereas one sample of the Indragiri River separate from the other. The knife fish from Indragiri River have higher diversity than Mahakam River and closest intrapopulation relationship found in Mahakam River population.
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Judul: Perencanam Lanskap Sunda Kalapa, Jakarta Utara Sebagai Kawasan W isata Sejarah
Abstrak: Perkembangan kota Jakarta dari waktu ke waktu sangatlah cepat, cehingga menyebabkan kota-kota tua banyak yang tergusur untuk dijadikan daerah baru yang lebih modern. Apabila hal tersebut tidak ditanggulangi secara dini maka keberadaan Kota lama Jakarta akan hilang. Hal inilah yang melatar belakangi untuk dilakukan tindakan perlindungan dan revitalisasi kawasan bersejarah Sund Kalapa. Adapun tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah membuat suatu proses perencanaan lanskap sejarah kawasan Sunda Kalapa, Jakarta Utara. Hal ini diharapkan selain menunjang nilai arsitektur bangunan bersejarah dan menambah nilai kualitas lingkungan, juga meningkatkan aktivitas wisata sejarah.
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