Judul: Karakteristik Morfologi Jantung Trenggiling Jawa (Manis javanica).
Abstrak: Trenggiling jawa (Manis javanica) merupakan salah satu satwa yang memiliki risiko kepunahan tinggi. Kepunahan ini terjadi akibat satwa ini diburu dan diperdagangkan secara ilegal untuk dimanfaatkan sisik, hingga organ tubuhnya. Informasi mengenai trenggiling jawa terutama mengenai organ jantung pada saat ini masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui stuktur morfologi dan morfometri organ jantung trenggiling jawa secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Pengamatan secara makroskopis dilakukan pada lima organ jantung trenggiling yang terdiri atas tiga jantan dan dua betina. Struktur umum mikroskopis dilakukan dengan pewarnaan hemaktosilin eosin (HE) dan Masson’s trichrome pada tiga preparat organ jantung. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa jantung trenggiling jawa berbentuk oval dengan bagian ujung apex tumpul. Jantung trenggiling jantan lebih bulat dibandingkan dengan betina. Jantung ini dibungkus pericardium yang tipis. Ruang ventriculus sinister lebih luas dengan dinding septum interventriculare yang tebal. Ruang ventriculus dexter lebih sempit dan tidak ditemukan trabecula septomarginalis Hasil pengukuran diperoleh panjang organ jantung trenggiling jawa yang telah difiksasi dengan larutan Bouin adalah 3.60–4.34 cm dengan lebar basis cordis 1.50–2.55 cm, corpus 2.16–3.22 cm, dan apex 1.08–1.45 cm serta berat jantung berkisar 8.32– 19.24 g. Secara mikroskopis dinding jantung trenggiling jawa sama seperti mamalia pada umumnya dengan myocardium yang relatif lebih padat dan kompak. Secara mikroskopis dinding jantung trenggiling jawa sama seperti mamalia pada umumnya dengan myocardium yang relatif lebih padat dan kompak.
Keyword: atrium, pericardium, trenggiling, ventrikel

Judul: Karakteristik Morfologi Organ Urinaria Trenggiling Jawa (Manis javanica).
Abstrak: Informasi tentang karakteristik morfologi organ urinaria trenggiling jawa masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran morfologi organ urinaria trenggiling jawa secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis dalam rangka mendukung upaya konservasi ex situ. Organ urinaria dari tiga ekor trenggiling jawa digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Gambaran makroskopis dilakukan dengan pengamatan ukuran panjang, lebar, dan tebal ginjal. Struktur mikroskopis diperoleh melalui pewarnaan hematoksilin eosin (HE) dan Masson‟s trichrome (MT). Dari hasil pengamatan dapat ditunjukkan bahwa ginjal kanan trenggiling jawa memiliki bentuk lebih bulat, sedangkan ginjal kiri cenderung lonjong dan berukuran lebih besar. Kedua ginjal dihubungkan oleh ureter dan bermuara di vesica urinaria yang berukuran besar. Struktur mikroskopis ginjal mirip mamalia pada umumnya yang disusun atas glomerulus dan tubulus. Glomerulus trenggiling jawa berbentuk bulat dan berukuran besar. Tubulus terdiri dari tubulus kontortus proksimal dan distal yang dihubungkan oleh lengkung Henle. Kedua tubulus ini disusun oleh epitel kubus sebaris dengan brush border pada tubulus kontortus proksimal. Ureter dan vesica urinaria memiliki jaringan ikat yang tersusun padat dari lamina propria sampai lapisan adventisia.
Keyword: ginjal, trenggiling, ureter, vesica urinaria

Judul: Formulasi Oil Spill Dispersant (OSD) dengan Bahan Baku Surfaktan Metil Ester Sulfonat (MES) dan Dietanolamida (DEA).
Abstrak: Environmental pollution which caused by the oil spill can be dealt with the physical, chemical and biological treatments. Physically treatment was done by isolate the petroleum quickly before spread to the environment. Meanwhile, chemical treatment was relatively short to manage oil spill, but this treatment had disadvantage cause by application of chemicals which less environmental friendly. Of the chemical treatments is oil dispersion by using oil spill dispersant (OSD). OSD is a product with composition of some chemicals and surfactants that aims to disperse the waste oil to be degraded in the environment. Based on previous research, the modern OSD composition consisted of nonionic and anionic surfactants, so dietanolamide (DEA) as nonionic surfactant and methyl Ester Sulfonate (MES) as anionic surfactant were used in this research. This research aims to produce formulated surfactant as an oil spill dispersant (OSD) which consists of DEA, MES and solvent and then tested on a simulation of marine pollution. The research was divided into three steps: the first step was synthesis of MES and DEA as raw material of OSD formulation, the second step was formulation process of OSD by mixing the two raw materials at variation of concentration and volume ratio. This step aims to find the best formulated OSD. The third step was a testing the performance of the best formulated OSD by oil spill simulation. In the first step, the raw material of DEA and MES were produced at an optimum conditions of previous studies. In the second step, characterization of OSD product by analyzing of emulsion stability, density, surface tension, viscosity and pH. Some of these parameters were used to determine the best formulation of OSD. The best formulation of OSD was conducted in performance test in simulated oil spill using 10ml crude oil in 1 L sea water media and then it to be dispersion. The dispersion oil in sea water were analyzed to chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), density, and pH. The formulation of OSD was made by mixing two surfactant solutions including DEA solution with concentration of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 % and MES solution of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15 %. Both of surfactant solution were mixed with volume ratio of 1: 3, 1: 1 and 3: 1 at temperature of 50C for 60 min. The result showed that the best formulated OSD was at mixing of 3% DEA and 5% MES solutions with volume ratio of 1 : 3. The OSD product showed excellent stability (> 80%) with a good properties including density of 0.90 g/cm3, the surface tension of 25.59 mN/m, pH 9.1, and a viscosity of 131 cP. The performance test of OSD carried out by simulation of oil spill in sea water with application of ratio of volume OSD to volume oil spill. Addition of OSD was expected could increase to the dispersion of oil in sea water. The performance test of OSD showed that 2 mL OSD in 10 mL simulated oil spill (ration 0.2) capable to dispersing of oil at 85.75 %,
Keyword: DEA, MES, OSD, oil spill, surfactant