Judul: The effects of vibration and heat energy on cabinet type ghe solar dryer
Abstrak: Increasing heat and vapor transfer between air and product to be dried is an important issue in drying of agricultural products. Generally, manual mixing is used in order to increase the contact area between air and product to be dried. However in most types of dryer including GHE solar dryer this method will result in significant heat loss and inconvenient operation. In order to overcome the problem, a GHE solar dryer prototype equipped with vibrating method on drying cabinet was designed in this study. The objective of this study is to perform analysis and simulation about vibration and heat transfer process in cashew nut drying by using cabinet type GHE solar dryer. The designed prototype had dimensions namely length, width, and height respectively of 1 m, and drying capacity of 30 kg of cashew nuts. The heat source was solar energy and coal fuels. The vibration components were placed just below the drying rack serves to smooth the flow of hot air into the cashews which was put on the drying trays. The vibration component consist of motor, shaft and unbalance mass mounted to the shaft. Based on the experimental result, the effective motion of the samples being dried occured at rotational speed near its natural frequency for total mass of 20 kg as well as of 40 kg. The final moisture content of vibrated samples was lower (i.e. 3.5%) than the samples without vibration (i.e. 4.2%). The results of testing of cabinet type GHE solar dryer is obtained that the utilization of solar energy just as energy sources drying will result dryer air temperature below 60 ° C. Therefore, additional heat energy required from coal-burning fuels that can raise the temperature of air in the drying chamber. Increased air temperature in the drying chamber requires heat energy and heat exchanger out of qAPK = 23.3 kJ / s, and the results obtained through experiments showed that the average air temperature in the drying chamber can be reached, Trg = 59.6 °C. This heat exchanger has a length of 40 cm, width 60 cm, 30 cm high and made of aluminum material with a thickness of each plate of 1 mm. Furnace fuel placed under the heat exchanger and is equipped with manual equipment that can raise and lower positions of fuel so that the temperature varies in the drying chamber during the experiment can be minimized.
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Judul: Performance test of the solar dryers greenhouse effect (erk) hybrid type of tub for drying of maize (zea mays l)
Abstrak: Drying is one of the important stages in postharvest technology of grains, particularly corn. Drying process can be done by natural drying or artificial drying methods. Natural drying is drying by utilizing direct sunlight, while artificial drying is drying process by using dryer machines or mechanical dryer. Green House Effect (GHE) hybrid solar dryer has been developed to fullfill the needed of solar dryer machine which can be operated eventhough in the unfavorable weather or in the night, so it can be operated 24 hours in a day. The aim of this study is to evaluate performance of GHE hybrid solar dryer which has been designed specifically for one ton (zea mays grain) capacity. Result of this study shows that the machine should be operated in hybrid system to reach the drying temperature level (40-60 oC). Solar energy as main energy source only share 10%-25% of the total heat energy needed for the process. Additional energy for the heating process given by biomass (fire wood) at combustion rate 5.05-5.39 kg/hour. It needed 23-25 hours to reduce moisture content from around 31% wb to 14% wb, in the average temperature of drying chamber 55.72 oC and relative humidity at 33.8%. Average total energy efficiency of the drying system using only solar irradiation as energy source (in the morning and sunny day), hybrid system (in unfavorable condition), and only biomass (in the night) are 27.5% , 28.3% and 43.74%.
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Judul: Preferensi masyarakat Bogor mengenai calon walikota yang akan dipilih pada Pilkada Kotamadya Bogor 2008
Abstrak: Pemilihan Iccpala Daerah (Pilkada) langsung merupaltan sarana pelaksanaan kedaulatan rakyal ditinght pr'opinsi &an kabupatentkolamadya untuk memilih kepala daerah secara langsung. 13ilkada langsuog men~ungkinkan terpilihnya kepata daerah yang sesuai dengan pilihan rakyat. Penclitian ini bcrt~!jt~ant ~ntukm engetahui karakleristik masyarakst Bogor yang akan nieniberikan hnk pi1ihnj.a pacla Piikada ICotamadya I3ogor 2008 darl nicngetahui prel'crensi inasyarakat Bogor rnengcnni cnlotl \valikota yang akan dipilih pitda Pilkada Bogor 2008. Analisis yang dilakukan melip~niU ji Kcbebasnn Khi-Kuadrat, Tabel Konlingcnsi, dan Analisis Korespondensi.
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