Judul: Efektivitas Campuran Poli(Aluminium Klorida) (PAC) dan Aluminium Sulfat (Tawas) sebagai Koagulan dalam Pengolahan Air Bersih
Abstrak: Poly(aluminum chloride) (PAC) and aluminum sulfate (alum) are commonly used coagulants for water treatment. This study aimed to determine the effective coagulant dose of PAC and alum mixture Cisadane river water treatment. Coagulant mixture ratio used were 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100 with low and high levels of water turbidity. In addition to turbidity, effectiveness in decreasing the Fe, Mn, and organic substances contents were also studied. PAC was more effective in decreasing the levels of turbidity (88.29%), Fe (76.03%), Mn (75.57%), and organic substances contents (41.74%) compared to the other coagulant mixtures. In terms of cost, 75:25 ratio of PAC-alum coagulant mixture was more efficient under condition of high turbidity level.
Keyword: alum, aluminum sulfate, poly(aluminum chloride), PAC, turbidity

Judul: Perbandingan Kebutuhan Koagulan Al2(SO4)3 dan PAC Untuk Pengolahan Air Bersih di WTP Sungai Ciapus Kampus IPB Dramaga
Abstrak: Water treatment plant (WTP) IPB mengolah air dari Sungai Ciapus melalui proses penjernihan air sebelum didistribusikan kepada konsumen. Jenis koagulan yang digunakan adalah Al2(SO4)3 (aluminium sulfat) atau tawas dan Polyaluminium Chloride (PAC). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kualitas air dengan menggunakan koagulan Al2(SO4)3 dan PAC di WTP Sungai Ciapus kampus IPB Dramaga serta mengidentifikasi dosis optimum dari koagulan tawas dan PAC. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode jar test dan SNI untuk analisis parameter fisika dan kimia air. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, PAC lebih baik dibandingkan tawas dengan dosis optimum sebesar 20 ppm yang menghasilkan kekeruhan sebesar 0.22 NTU, TSS sebesar 1 mg/l dan TDS sebesar 150 mg/l. Dengan dosis optimum tawas sebesar 20 ppm diperoleh nilai kekeruhan 0.49 NTU, TSS 0 mg/l dan TDS sebesar 164 mg/l. Biaya rata – rata untuk penggunaan koagulan tawas dan PAC adalah sebesar Rp. 95/m3 dan Rp 215/m3, sedangkan rata – rata nilai efisiensi penggunaan koagulan tawas dan PAC adalah 91.34% dan 83%. Hasil penjernihan air dengan kedua koagulan memenuhi kriteria baku mutu kualitas air bersih yang berlaku di Indonesia.
Keyword: jar test, koagulan, PAC, pengolahan air bersih, tawas

Judul: Mitochondrial DNA Gene Organization and Phylogenetic Relationship of Naja siamensis
Abstrak: Naja siamensis is one of Asiatic cobra in the Family of Elapidae, known as a cryptic snake. It has many morphological variations that lead to misidentification. Misidentification can cause the wrong concept in developing antivenom types due to high snakebite cases occur in Thailand. Thus, an accurate species identification using a molecular approach is crucially required. Mitochondrial DNA has been used widely in snake molecular studies. These studies were aimed to determine the arrangement of the N. siamensis partial mitochondrial genes using reptile-oriented primers and to reveal the phylogenetic relationship among other species of Asian cobra. DNA extraction was carried out based on the standard DNA salting-out protocol and was conducted by bioinformatics analysis using BLASTn and MEGA 6 software. Gene annotation was performed against N. kaouthia complete genome. A total of 3121 bp of N. siamensis mtDNA genes were sequenced consisting of partial of six regions: 16S rRNA, ND1, tRNA-Ile, CRII region, tRNA-Leu, tRNA-Gln, and COI genes. The mtDNA gene organization of N. siamensis was predicted to has a similar pattern with the common Elapidae mtDNA gene organization. This study showed that there is a monophyletic form in Naja genus and N. kaouthia is the closest species with N. siamensis based on partial 16S rRNA and ND1 gene.
Keyword: 16S rRNA, Elapidae, ND1, phylogenetic relationship