Judul: Analisis daya saing komoditi udang Indonesia di Pasar Internasional
Abstrak: Indonesia is the country which has a large of ocean territorial in 5,8 million km2 and has a wealthy sea resources which full of nutrients and minerals to supply all the foods of its citizen and also as the national economic power in the future. Shrimp is one of sea resources which not only has a big nutrients for body but also has a high value even in domestic or international market. Based on Depdag (2009) that export value of Indonesia shrimp in 2006 was US$ 943.998.000, US$ 791.854.000 in 2007 and raised to 1.055.805.000 until August, 2008. Although Indonesia shrimp potency was so big, but it has so many export problems until now such as the conquered of Indonesia shrimp market share in USA by Thailand and China, fall out of Indonesia shrimp export price in Japan because of high competition, transhipment accused for Indonesia shrimp export, Europe standardization which aggravated Indonesia shrimp export, and also the quality declining of Indonesia shrimp export in USA because of global crisis. Actually Indonesia shrimp export had filled demand of world market such as USA, Europe and Japan, but for the competitiveness still questioned because so many problems from them. So this research was purposed to analyze the competitiveness of Indonesia shrimp commodity. The research had used quantitative and qualitative analysis. Quantitative analysis used to explain the grade of Indonesia shrimp commodity competitiveness by RCA (Revealed Comparative Analysis). Analysis for the influences factors of the competitiveness Indonesia shrimp export (for giant tiger and vanname shrimp) used OLS (Ordinary Least Square). Qualitative analysis used Porter’s Diamond Theory to analyze potency, problems, and chance which analyzed influence factors of competitiveness Indonesia shrimp commodity (the research objection was giant tiger and vanname shrimp). Indonesia shrimp commodity was produced from dyke (70%) and water sea haul (30%). In its production, for 95% to export and 5% was traded domestically especially in supermarket. At this time Indonesia shrimp which produced from dyke is doing by small trader (the masses) or industry, and less from sea water haul. The region of shrimp production in Indonesia are Java and Sumatra, Papua, a half Maluku, Kalimantan, and South Sulawesi waterseas. From them, Lampung was the major area of Indonesia shrimp production which had produced 40% from the total of national shrimp production. It also became the first area of shrimp production in world scale such as PT Dipasena and PT Centralproteinaprima activity. The market of Indonesia shrimp export was Japan (about 60%), USA (16.5%) and Europe (12.5%). The result of the research showed that Indonesia shrimp commodity has a high grade competitiveness or Indonesia had competitive advantage for its shrimp because the RCA mark was so high in tens. Including the analyzed of Porter’s Diamond Theory showed that Indonesia shrimp commodity had potency in factor condition such as the wealthy of shrimp resources, human resources, capital and superior infrastructure. But in knowledge and technology of Indonesia shrimp commodity still weak because of the less intensive technology system in shrimp production and export technology which not superior if compared with the competitor country
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Judul: Competitiveness and Factors Affecting Indonesian Shrimp Exports to Main Destination Countries
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis daya saing dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi volume ekspor udang Indonesia ke negara-negara tujuan utama. Komoditas yang menjadi objek pada penelitian ini adalah udang beku dan udang olahan. Daya saing dianalisis menggunakan metode Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) sedangkan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi ekspor dianalisis menggunakan gravity model, dalam kurun waktu 2005-2019. Udang beku dan udang olahan Indonesia memiliki daya saing di negara tujuan utama. Variabel yang signifikan memengaruhi volume ekspor udang beku dan udang olahan Indonesia adalah Gross Domestic Product (GDP) riil per kapita Indonesia, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) riil per kapita negara tujuan, jarak ekonomi, harga udang, kebijakan tarif bea masuk, dan kebijakan non tarif, sedangkan nilai tukar tidak berpengaruh signifikan., This study aims to analyze the competitiveness and the factors that influence the volume of Indonesian shrimp exports in the main destination countries. The commodities that are the object of this research are frozen shrimp and processed shrimp. Competitiveness is analyzed using the method Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA)while the factors that affect exports are analyzed using the gravity model, in the period 2005-2019. Indonesian frozen and processed shrimp have competitiveness in the main destination countries. Variables that significantly affect the export volume of frozen and processed shrimp in Indonesia are the real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita of Indonesia, the real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita of the destination country, economic distance, shrimp prices, import duty tariff policies, and non-tax policies. Rates, while the exchange rate has no significant effect.
Keyword: Daya saing, Ekspor udang, Gravity model, RCA

Judul: Konstruksi Hukum Grup Kurva Eliptik Atas F3m
Abstrak: Elliptic curves upon F3m can be divided in two cases, i.e. supersingular and nonsupersingular case. Based on group laws on elliptic curves, a new arithmetic upon F3m can be formulated as an addition process of two random points on the curve. This addition process can then be applied to the ElGamal algorithm.
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