Judul: Pengaruh Waktu Karbonisasi terhadap Sifat Fisis dan Mekanis Bamboo Scrimber dari Bambu Hitam (Gigantochloa atroviolacea Widjaja) dan Bambu Tali (Gigantochloa apus Kurz).
Abstrak: Bambu merupakan tumbuhan yang mudah ditanam dan tidak memerlukan pemeliharaan secara khusus. Bambu memiliki daur tebang yang lebih pendek dibandingkan kayu. Pemanfaatan bambu dalam substitusi kayu, kendala yang dihadapi adalah keterbatasan bentuk dan dimensi bambu sehingga pemanfaatannya belum optimal. Namun dengan adanya kemajuan teknologi perekatan, salah satu alternatif upaya mengoptimalkan penggunaan bambu adalah diolah menjadi Bamboo Scrimber sebagai pengganti papan atau balok kayu sesuai dengan ukuran yang diperlukan. Namun bambu memiliki kandungan pati yang tinggi yang dapat menggangu proses perekatan. Banyak cara yang dapat dilakukan utuk mereduksi kekurangan tersebut, diantaranya perlakuan fisis, kimia dan biologi. Salah satu perlakuan yang ramah lingkungan adalah karbonisasi. Perlakuan karbonisasi terbukti dapat menghilangkan kandungan pati pada bambu. Strand bambu dimasukan kedalam mesin karbonisasi selama 3.0 dan 3.5 jam pada suhu 190 0C. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui waktu karbonisasi dan jenis bambu terbaik dalam pembuatan bamboo scrimber. Metode pengukuran dan standar yang digunakan mengacu pada ASTM D1037-99 tentang evaluasi papan serat dan papan partikel dan ASTM D-143 tentang pengujian contoh uji bebas cacat kayu untuk pengujian kerapatan dan kadar air. Hasil penelitian bamboo scrimber ini menunjukan bahwa karbonisasi dapat meningkatkan kualitas sifat fisis dan mekanis bamboo scrimber.
Keyword: bamboo scrimber, karbonisasi, sifat fisis, sifat mekanis

Judul: Mechanical Properties, Dowel Bearing Strength, and Ductility of Scrimber Bamboo
Abstrak: The availability of bamboo can meet the demand for raw materials on a global scale. Bamboo is traditionally used as a general construction material because its strength is equivalent to that of other materials. Technological advances have encouraged the development of sustainable engineering materials, including bamboo scrimber composite products. Bamboo scrimbers are produced by combining bamboo slivers formed into bamboo blocks through a glueing and pressing process to obtain a product with a high density. When it comes to structural materials, strength, stiffness, and ductility are the key considerations. However, the use of biomaterial products introduces additional factors, such as size limitations and the necessity of connections. In this context, the scarcity of research on ductility and joints in bamboo scrimbers becomes a pressing issue. This research, therefore, aims to fill this gap by providing a comprehensive analysis of the mechanical properties, including dowel bearing strength, and ductility of scrimber bamboo and wood. The research findings unequivocally demonstrate the superior mechanical properties of bamboo scrimber over wood, particularly in compressive loads. The bearing strength of bamboo scrimber bolts, for instance, surpasses that of wood, reaching a high of 55,98 MPa. This superiority can be attributed to the close relationship between specific gravity and bolt bearing strength, with a high coefficient of determination of 1,00. The mechanical properties testing, including perpendicular compressive strength, compression parallel to the grain, and shear parallel to the grain, also show significant correlations with bolt bearing strength, further underlining the superiority of bamboo scrimber. This research used six different methods to determine the yield point, resulting in varying ductility values for each test. The results show that the yield point using the K&C, CSIRO, CEN, and Y&K methods can be determined in bending and compression tests perpendicular to the fiber. However, the yield point determined using the CEN and Y&K methods cannot be determined in tension, shear, and compression tests parallel to the grain. This is because the tests in this research were carried out on static structures that did not experience large deformations. Bambu scrimbers can be categorized into medium (4 < µ = 6) to high (µ > 6) ductility in compression testing. Meanwhile, in tests other than compression, the ductility of the bamboo scrimber was lower than that of wood. The relationship between the strength and stiffness ratio and the ductility ratio was identified using simple linear regression in each test. The analysis results show that the ratio between shear modulus and shear strength (G/Fs) and the ratio between Young's modulus and compressive strength parallel to the fiber (????? /F???) are significantly correlated with the ductility ratio., Ketersediaan bambu yang melimpah diharapkan dapat memenuhi permintaan bahan baku material dalam skala global. Bambu sebagai material konstruksi umum digunakan secara tradisional karena kekuatannya setara dengan material lain. Kemajuan teknologi mendorong berkembangnya material rekayasa berkelanjutan, salah satunya produk komposit scrimber bambu. Scrimber bambu diproduksi dengan menggabungkan pelupuh bambu yang dibentuk menajdi balok bambu melalui proses perekatan dan pengempaan, sehingga diperoleh produk dengan kerapatan yang tinggi. Pertimbangan dasar dalam menggunakan material struktural adalah kekuatan, kekakuan, dan daktilitas. Pertimbangan lain
Keyword: daktilitas, ductility, kayu, kekuatan tumpu baut, scrimber bambu, sifat mekanis, dowel bearing strength

Judul: Pengujian Virus Newcastle Disease Gen VII Isolat Lapang Sebagai Virus Standar Pada Uji Tantang Vaksin
Abstrak: This study was conducted to determine the standard of Newcastle disease virus Gene VII field isolate as a virus challenge to vaccine test. A virus suspension that has previously been tested by HA test then titrated with EID50 using 30 Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) of 10 day old chicken embryonated eggs. In addition, chicken lethal dose50 (CLD50) test were used to determine the virus titer that could cause 50% death of the chicken population. The CLD50 test was used 25 day-old-chickens (DOC) divided into 5 groups. The virus was diluted from 10-1 to 10-8. The 104 to 10-8 dilution of NDV was infected to every group of chicken via eyedrop and intranasal with 0.1 ml/chicken dosage. Haemagglutination test showed that the allantoic fluid were contain high titers of NDV is 512 HAU. The infective NDV that had been titrated by EID50 test showed the virus titers is 109 EID50/0.1 ml or 1010 EID50/ml and the virus titers of CLD50 test e.i 106.48 CLD50/0.1 ml or 107.48 CLD50/ml. These results can be concluded that the NDV Gene VII field isolates were most appropriate to be used as a standard virus to vaccine test
Keyword: Newcastle Disease Virus Gene VII, HA tes, EID50 test, CLD50 test