Judul: Kajian Penggunaan Amelioran Pupuk Kandang terhadap Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca pada Tanah yang Diambil dari Beberapa Agroekosistem Kebun Karet di Lahan Gambut
Abstrak: Ameliorasi lahan gambut merupakan salah satu upaya yang dapat diterapkan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas lahan dengan tetap memperhatikan aspek lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui besarnya emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK) pada tanah yang diambil dari beberapa agroekosistem kebun karet di lahan gambut dan pengaruh pemberian amelioran terhadap emisi GRK tanah tersebut. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balingtan pada bulan Juni 2012 hingga Agustus 2012. Percobaan menggunakan pipa PVC yang diisi tanah gambut yang diambil dari Jabiren, Kalimantan Tengah. Percobaan terdiri atas dua faktor, yaitu tanah yang diambil dari 3 tipe penggunaan lahan dan pupuk kandang ayam. Tipe penggunaan lahan terdiri atas L1 (lahan gambut yang ditanami karet dan semak), L2 (Lahan gambut yang ditanami karet dan nanas) dan L3 (lahan gambut yang ditumbuhi semak). Dosis pupuk kandang ayam terdiri atas A1 (0 ton/ha) dan A2 (4 ton/ha). Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok, split plot dengan tiga ulangan. Pengambilan contoh gas dilakukan setiap minggu sekali dengan metode close chamber technique yang diadopsi dari IAEA (1993). Analisis CO2 dan N2O menggunakan GC yang dilengkapi dengan detektor TCD dan ECD, sedangkan CH4 menggunakan GC yang dilengkapi detektor FID. Hasil penelitian selama periode inkubasi 50 hari menunjukkan bahwa tanah gambut yang berasal dari penggunaan lahan karet rakyat (karet dan semak belukar) menghasilkan emisi GRK tertinggi untuk CO2 dan CH4 masing-masing sebesar 2,444.38 kg/ha/tahun dan 4.70 kg/ha/tahun, sedangkan emisi N2O tertinggi dihasilkan pada tanah gambut yang diambil dari lahan karet dan nanas (ICCTF) sebesar 66.53 kg/ha/tahun. Pemberian amelioran berupa pupuk kandang ayam 4 ton/ha pada tanah gambut dari lahan karet rakyat (karet dan semak belukar) menghasilkan total emisi CO2 dan N2O tertinggi, yaitu masing-masing..dst
Keyword: gambut, amelioran, metana, karbon dioksida, dinitrogen oksida

Judul: Kajian penggunaan amelioran pupuk kandang terhadap emisi gas rumah kaca pada tanah yang diambil dari beberapa Agroekosistem Kebun Karet di Lahan Gambut
Abstrak: Amelioration of peatlands is one of effort to increase land productivity that can be applied with consider environmental aspects. The purpose of this research was to determine Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emissions at soils taken from some rubber agroecosystem in peatlands and effect of ameliorant on GHG emissions of the soils. The experiment was conducted at laboratory of Balingtan on June to August 2012. The experiment used PVC pipe that filled with peat soils taken from Jabiren, Central Kalimantan. This experiment consisted of two factors: soil taken from some type of rubber agroecosystems and chicken manure. Type of rubber agroecosystem consisted of L1 (peat land planted with rubber and shrubs), L2 (peatland planted with rubber and pineapple) and L3 (peatland with shrubs). The chicken manure consisted of A1 (0) and A2 (4 tonnes/ha). The results showed that the highest CO2 and CH4 emission were found out at soils from rubber and shrubs land which amounted 2,444.38 and 4.70 kg/ha/year, while the highest N2O emission was found out at soils from rubber and pineapple (ICCTF) which amounted 66.53 kg/ha/year. The chicken manure of 4 tonnes/ha produced the highest emissions of CO2 and N2O at soils taken from rubber and shrub land which amounted 2,634.66 and 67.13 kg/ha/year respectively, but tended to decrease CH4 emissions at all soils. The highest decrease of GHG emissions (Global Warming Potential) was found out at ameliorant treatment at soils from rubber and pineapple (ICCTF) land use which amounted 12.82%. The use of ameliorant at soils from rubber shrubs land decreased the GHG emission of 7.50%. The economical analysis result showed that at value of 17% discount, farming pineapple intercropped with rubber at peatland of Jabiren Village, Jabiren Raya Subdistrict, Pulang Pisau District, South Kalimantan Province was suitable. The NPV value was Rp. 21,371,789,-, Nett B/C values was 3.84 and IRR value was 39.29%. According to the variables, the farming pineapple at rubber estate of peatland gave more beneficial economy to farmers.
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Judul: Algorithm construction of HLI hash function
Abstrak: Cryptography is a study of mathematical techniques related to aspects of information security regarding on confidentiality, data integrity, entity authentication, and data origin authentication. Data integrity is a service, which is associated with the conversion of data carried out by unauthorized parties. To maintain data integrity, one can use hash functions. An hash function is a computationally efficient function to map an arbitrary length bitstring to a fixed length bitstring called as hash value. The use of hash function in maintaining the information integrity and authentication is in digital signatures, virus protection, and software distribution. Illustration of the hash function in the integrity and authentication of information that is emailed as follow. The sender sends the information and hash value to the recipient. If the hash value of the information is equal to the hash value that is sent by the sender, then information has not been changed. Otherwise the information has been changed. An hash function has two properties, one way and collision resistance. An hash function is called one way if it is computationally infeasible to find any input such that when given any hash value . Meanwhile an hash function is called collision resistant if it is computationally infeasible to find any two inputs where such that . The purpose of this study is to construct a HLI hash function algorithm, to analyze the speed and security of the hash functions as a results of construction. Furthermore, it is to compare it with SWIFFT. Hash function is constructed based on the result of algebraic operations on modular polynomial ringwith . Modular polynomial ring noted as is a set of all polynomials of degree at most with coefficients in . can be represented as a set of integer vector of modulo in dimension . So, it is simple to implement in a computer. In vector operations, is lattice . Furthermore, alattice that is defined from certain polynomial ring is called ideal lattice. HLI hash function is consists of addition and multiplication algorithm in the ring. Addition algorithm consists of sumation operations of modulo and multiplication consists of multiplication operations of modulo . Generally, algorithm of HLI hash function consists of multiplication operations of modulo and addition operations of modulo . However, if the input is binary number then multiplication algorithm only consists of multiplication operation of modulo , so algorithm of HLI hash function consists of multiplication operations of modulo and addtion operations of modulo . An hash function is secured if it has two properties, i.e., one way and collision resistance. HLI hash function hash is one way, it is following the proof of Micciancio. It is has collision resistant because of polynomial is irreducible over and monic. Moreover, it is proved that for every unit vector , the vector is small vector. If the input of hash function is a binary number then HLI hash function only involves addition operations of modulo . So the time that used almost same with SWIFFT. The excellence of HLI hash function is the key size smaller than SWIFFT. This effect on
Keyword: hash function, modular polynomial ring, lattice