arulpm/tripletsmall huggingface dataset:
Judul: Penentuan Simpul Awal Optimal Bagi Perjalanan Pedagang Keliling Pada  Simple Network
Abstrak: Masalah MSTSL (Minisum Traveling Salesman Locatian Problem) merupakan salah satu perluasan dari traveling salesman problem (TSP) yang bertujuan menentukan lokasi awal optimal bagi pedagang keliling sehingga diharapkan dapat meminimumkanjarak perjalanan pedagang keliling. Penentuan lokasi optimal MSTSL ini akan diselesaikan pada simple network. Dalam masalah ini unit layanan mengunjungi semua panggilan yang tercatat pacta daftar layanan setiap harinya, dengan masing-masing pelanggan dapat memberikan sebuah panggilan dengan peluang panggilan diberikan. Banyaknya pelanggan yang memerlukan layanan akan selalu berubah dari hari ke hari, begitu juga dengan lokasi pelanggan tersebut. Sehingga jika terdapat n panggilan yang potensial maka akan terdapat 28 -1 perjalanan yang mungkin dijalani oleh unit layanan.
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Judul: Penentuan Lokasi Awal Optimal Bagi Tra Veling Salesman
Abstrak: Salab salu model network yang lerkenal ada lab 7/'aveling salesman problem (TSP). ModifIkasi dari model ini adalab minisulIl trm'eling salesman locolion prob/em (masalab A1STSL). Berbeda dengan TSP, masalab MSTSL ini bertlljuan menenlllkan 10k,1Si (nude) awal optimal bagi pedagang keli\ing sehingga diharapkan dapat diperoleh mte yang mcminimalkanjarak perjaIanan pedagang.
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Judul: Durability of Specific Immunoglobulin (Ig) Y Againts Influenza and Covid-19 in Sunscreen
Abstrak: The benefit of specific immunoglobulin Y (Ig Y) as an active ingredient in personal care products such as sunscreen has not been properly studied. Our study aims to evaluate the reliability of specific IgY against influenza and the COVID-19 virus in a sample sunscreen product. Specific IgY influenza and COVID-19 viruses were inserted in the sample sunscreen at two concentrations of 0.1% and 0.25%. Three treatments were observed: control (C) sunscreen without IgY, treatment 1 (T1) sunscreen with 0.1% IgY, and treatment 2 (T2) sunscreen with 0.25% IgY. Organoleptic observations were carried out to monitor changes in aroma, color, and texture, and sunscreen sampling was done every week for 6 weeks. The durability of IgY was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a neutralization assay. Organoleptic observation from weeks 1 to 6 showed consistency in its aroma, color, and texture. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization assay (NA) results of the T1 and T2 groups showed negative results except for sample T1 at week 5, which showed a positive result in the Influenza A ELISA. Based on the results, it seems that IgY concentrations of 0.1% or 0.25% were not optimal. However, this negative result might be due to low concentration of the IgY and the presence of beeswax, which inhibits IgY and causes it to dissolve in distilled water, thus preventing it from being detected in the assay.
Keyword: Immunoglobulin Y, Sunscreen, Influenza, COVID-19, Biological Activity
Judul: Distribusi Temperatur di dalam Drum untuk Sterilisasi Jamur Tiram.
Abstrak: Sterilization of oyster mushroom with three and five variation of convection pipe has been sucsessfully done, that used rice hull hearth. Sterilization process of oyster mushroom is very influence at baglog and mushroom result. Functional group had been got of sterilization process at three and five pipe that is at micelyum baglog and mushroom contain C-O, C-H, C=O and O-H. Spring constant at micelyum baglog for three pipe in a series are 779 Nm-1, 470 Nm-1, 1110 Nm-1 and 564 Nm-1 whereas vibrational wave number are 1365 cm-1, 2924 cm-1, 1659 cm-1, and 3371 cm-1. Spring constant at micelyum baglog for five pipe in a series are 751 Nm-1, 470 Nm-1, 1080 Nm-1, 501 Nm-1 whereas vibrational wave number are 1366 cm-1, 2924 cm-1, 1636 cm-1 and 3371 cm-1. Spring constant at mushroom for three pipe in a series are 821 Nm-1, 470 Nm-1, 1110 Nm-1 and 591 Nm-1 whereas vibrational wave number are 1373 cm-1, 2923 cm-1, 1658 cm-1 and 3371 cm-1. Spring constant at mushroom for five pipe in a series are 803 Nm-1, 470 Nm-1, 1110 Nm-1 and 547 Nm-1 whereas vibrational wave number are 1365 cm-1, 2924 cm-1,1659 cm- 1 and 3371 cm-1.
Keyword: spring constant, oyster mushroom, FTIR, convection pipe, Baglog

Judul: Optimasi Sebaran Panas Pada Ruang Sterilisasi Jamur Tiram Putih Menggunakan Satu Pipa Konveksi
Abstrak: It has been produced for the temperature distribution inside the sterilization process oyster mushroom in drum using a pipe convection. Fuel used for the process is rice husk. Sterilization itself aims to kill bacteria and other unwanted fungi on baglog. Sterilization is done with the traditional way of steaming baglog drums arranged in four rows to the top, with a long steaming 6 hours. Convection pipes built at the drums. Steaming is done by varying the diameter of the pipe convection is 6 cm and 8 cm with two replications of data retrieval. From the experimental results obtained that the use of convection pipe 8 cm better than the convection pipe 6 cm. It is shown from the number of fungal contamination on the pipe less than 8 cm convection convection pipe 6 cm. The experimental results corroborate the results of previous studies carried out using computer simulations with finite difference method.
Keyword: sterilization, rice husk, pipe convection, baglog

Judul: Perencanam Lanskap Sunda Kalapa, Jakarta Utara Sebagai Kawasan W isata Sejarah
Abstrak: Perkembangan kota Jakarta dari waktu ke waktu sangatlah cepat, cehingga menyebabkan kota-kota tua banyak yang tergusur untuk dijadikan daerah baru yang lebih modern. Apabila hal tersebut tidak ditanggulangi secara dini maka keberadaan Kota lama Jakarta akan hilang. Hal inilah yang melatar belakangi untuk dilakukan tindakan perlindungan dan revitalisasi kawasan bersejarah Sund Kalapa. Adapun tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah membuat suatu proses perencanaan lanskap sejarah kawasan Sunda Kalapa, Jakarta Utara. Hal ini diharapkan selain menunjang nilai arsitektur bangunan bersejarah dan menambah nilai kualitas lingkungan, juga meningkatkan aktivitas wisata sejarah.
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Judul: Pengaruh Pengapuran Lahan-lahan Mineral Masam terhadap Pendapatan dan Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja dalam Usahatani Studi Kasus di Desa Lengkong dan Tegallega Kecamatan Lengkong, Kabupaten Sukabumi
Abstrak: Tujuan penulisan Laporan Praktek Lapang ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengapuran lahan-lahan mineral masam terhadap pendapatan dan penyerapan tenaga kerja, dengan menggunakan variabel antara: pola tanam, intensitas tanam, dan penggunaan sarana produksi pertanian. Masalah utama yang dihadapi dalam usahatani pada lahan- lahan mineral masam adalah rendahnya produktivitas lahan akibat adanya pengaruh Aluminium yang bersifat racun bagi tanaman. Akan tetapi penerapan teknologi produksi pada lahan-lahan ini belum banyak dilaksanakan sehingga tingkat produksi masih sangat rendah.
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Judul: Pengaruh pengolahan tanah, pemberian kompos serta mulsa pada pertanaman jagung manis (zee mays saccharata) terhadap produktivitas lahan dan pendapatan petani di latosol coklat kemerahan, Jampang Tengah Sukabumi, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pe- nerapan teknologi konservasi tanah dan air terhadap air tersedia, jumlah tenaga kerja yang digunakan, total biaya produksi, total biomas yang dihasilkan, pendapatan kotor, pendapatan bersih, dan nilai B/C serta untuk menentukan kombinasi paket teknologi yang paling baik diterapkan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan memberikan perlakuan pengolahan tanah yaitu tanpa pengolahan, 4 pengolahan intensif; taraf minimum, pengolahan sedalam 20 cm, dan pengolahan 3 taraf pemberian kompos yaitu 0 ton/ha, 15 ton/ha, dan 30 ton/ha; serta 2 taraf pemberian mulsa yaitu 0 ton/ha, dan 3 ton/ha. Dengan demikian terdapat 24 satuan percobaan yang disusun dalam rancangan faktorial acak kelompok.
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Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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Judul: Pembuatan Mie Kering Dengan Penambahan Tepung Daging Sapi
Abstrak: Beef is a high nutritious animal product, especially its protein and iron contents. Which are needed by the body for tissue growth, replacement of lost protein and source of energy. There are many ways to extend the shelflife of beef such as dehydration, freezing and fermentation. In this study, oven dehydration technique combined with grinding to make beef flour was used. This study was aimed to study the physical and chemical properties of noodle influence by level of beef flour. The addition level were 0, 50, 100 and 150 grams. Rendemen, hardness, gelatinization degrees, color, water content, protein content, fat content and iron content were observed. The treatments were repeated three periods as replications. The result of this study showed that beef flour supplementations did not have significant influences on rendemen, water content, fat content, hardness and gelatinization degrees of noodles but on protein and iron contents and color of the noodle are positively correlated to the amount of beef flour added.
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Judul: Pembuatan tepung daging sapi sebagai produk antara dengan menggunakan metode pengeringan yang berbeda
Abstrak: Different drying method were conducted as treatments, to study the making of beef meal as intermediate product using different drying method, include oven drying (P1), freeze drying (P2), and meat soaking in 10% (v/b) 0.25 M sucrose before freeze dried (P3). Measrued observations were rendemen, water absorption index water solubility index, emulsion stability, and Fe content. The observation was analyzed using randomized block design with three block of period. The result showed that the treatment were not influencing meat meal rendemen.
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Judul: Cycle Hamilton pada Graf Lengkap, Graf Regular, dan Graf 2-Connected 4-Regular Berorder Kurang dari Sepuluh.
Abstrak: Suatu graf disebut graf Hamilton apabila graf tersebut memuat cycle Hamilton, yaitu cycle yang melewati setiap vertex tepat satu kali. Menentukan keberadaan cycle Hamilton pada suatu graf dapat menggunakan syarat cukup yang berupa teorema-teorema yang telah diperkenalkan sejak tahun 1950-an. Beberapa syarat cukup yang dibahas dalam karya ilmiah ini adalah syarat cukup yang berhubungan dengan graf lengkap dan graf regular. ,,,
Keyword: graf Hamilton, graf regular, graf lengkap, graf 2-connected 4-regular.
Judul: Sifat Proksimat Kayu Eukaliptus dan Akasia sebagai Bahan Energi Biomassa
Abstrak: Kayu merupakan salah satu bahan baku energi biomassa karena memiliki karakteristik yang sesuai untuk dikembangkan sebagai energi terbarukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji kadar proksimat dari 16 jenis kayu sebagai bahan baku energi biomassa. Bahan penelitian terdiri atas 9 sampel kayu akasia (Acacia sp.) dan 7 sampel kayu eukaliptus (Eucalyptus sp.). Metode pengujian mengacu pada standar ASTM dan SNI. Nilai kalor 16 jenis kayu berkisar 3928-4231 kkal/kg. Karbon terikat dan nilai kalor masing-masing dipengaruhi positif oleh kadar lignin dan negatif oleh nisbah siringil/guaiasil. Kayu Acacia hybrid memiliki nilai kalor tertinggi dibandingkan dengan jenis kayu lainnya.
Keyword: biomassa, nilai kalor, proksimat, lignin, akasia, eukaliptus

Judul: Sifat Kimia dan Proksimat Lima Jenis Kayu sebagai Bahan Baku Energi Biomassa.
Abstrak: Kayu dapat dijadikan bahan baku energi biomassa karena memiliki karakteristik yang memenuhi syarat untuk dikembangkan sebagai energi terbarukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji kadar komponen kimia dan proksimat dari lima jenis kayu sebagai bahan baku energi biomassa. Bahan penelitian terdiri atas kayu jati (Tectona grandis), mangium (Acacia mangium), mindi (Melia azedarach L.), pinus (Pinus merkusii) dan sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria L.). Metode pengujian mengacu pada standar ASTM, SNI, dan TAPPI. Nilai kalor lima jenis kayu berkisar 3750-4347 kkal/kg. Kadar lignin dan alfa selulosa berpengaruh positif terhadap karbon terikat dan nilai kalor dan berpengaruh negatif terhadap kadar zat terbang. Pengaruh positif zat ekstraktif terhadap nilai kalor terindikasi dalam kayu pinus. Kayu pinus memiliki nilai kalor yang tinggi diikuti jati sehingga bisa digunakan sebagai campuran untuk meningkatkan mutu biomassa lain berkalor rendah.
Keyword: biomassa, komponen kimia kayu, nilai kalor, proksimat

Judul: Implementation of Spatio-Temporal Change Query in Relational Database.
Abstrak: Geographic object changes in various views. Object changes are recorded using a model of static storage. No historical connection between old version data and new version data has been built. For that, a storage model of spatio-temporal queries that can analyze spatio-temporal changes has been developed. The object changes the geometry are grouped according to the taxonomy of Spatio-Temporal Pattern Change. This research has been able to apply the query patterns change including born, expand, merge, contract, split, normal and die. This query based on geometric (area) changes. The implementation of spatio-temporal change queries represents an object changes continuously with easy, change detection is done by comparing two versions of data. Keyword: spatio-temporal change query, spatio-temporal change pattern.
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Judul: Analisis Implementasi Program Tanggungjawab Sosial Perusahaan terhadap Partisipasi Stakeholder di Desa Cicadas, Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a program of corporate responsibility to the community as a form of participation in sustainable development. PT Aqua Golden Misisipi programs have access to water and sanitation. Sustainability of the community development program is to create self-reliance and participation in the community with the help of relevant stakeholders. Results of this study indicate that the action has not been able to increase the empowerment of community participation, but the participation of stakeholder influence on the success of this program.
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Judul: Per:anan Modal Sosial Untuk Meningkatkan Partisipasi Komunitas Dalam Program Corporate Soscial Responsibility (CSR)
Abstrak: Corporate social responsibility is a matter that must be executed by a company in the running of its activities. Landfills also Star Bank of Mangrove (BSBM) is a form of Implementation of CSR PT PLN (persero). CSR principles are duly supported by the participation of the community, but based on the results found in the field showed that, public participation is very low. Community participation is very low result of community organizing less effective. However, it can be said that the implementation of CSR programs run properly, because the form of cooperation or a network built by the citizens of the community very well. Such cooperation is an important part of the social capital of the community. The methodology used in this study is a qualitative methods and quantitative methods, carried out through in-depth interviews and dissemination of the questionnaire.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), community organizing., social capital, participation, corporate social responsibility (CSR)

Judul: Pengujian Virus Newcastle Disease Gen VII Isolat Lapang Sebagai Virus Standar Pada Uji Tantang Vaksin
Abstrak: This study was conducted to determine the standard of Newcastle disease virus Gene VII field isolate as a virus challenge to vaccine test. A virus suspension that has previously been tested by HA test then titrated with EID50 using 30 Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) of 10 day old chicken embryonated eggs. In addition, chicken lethal dose50 (CLD50) test were used to determine the virus titer that could cause 50% death of the chicken population. The CLD50 test was used 25 day-old-chickens (DOC) divided into 5 groups. The virus was diluted from 10-1 to 10-8. The 104 to 10-8 dilution of NDV was infected to every group of chicken via eyedrop and intranasal with 0.1 ml/chicken dosage. Haemagglutination test showed that the allantoic fluid were contain high titers of NDV is 512 HAU. The infective NDV that had been titrated by EID50 test showed the virus titers is 109 EID50/0.1 ml or 1010 EID50/ml and the virus titers of CLD50 test e.i 106.48 CLD50/0.1 ml or 107.48 CLD50/ml. These results can be concluded that the NDV Gene VII field isolates were most appropriate to be used as a standard virus to vaccine test
Keyword: Newcastle Disease Virus Gene VII, HA tes, EID50 test, CLD50 test
Judul: lsolasi dan ldentifikasi Bakteri Penyebab Mouth Rot Disease pada Ular Python amethystinus serta Pengujian Sensitifitasnya terhadap Antibiotika.
Abstrak: Mouth rot disease merupakan suatu gejala dari infeksi sistemik pada reptil. Dari berbagai gejala yang ada, penyakit ini dicirikan dengan adanya perkejuan kuning atau abu-abu kekuningan pada jaringan lunak gusi di dalam mulut yang diikuti erythema dan peningkatan saliva. Mouth rot biasanya banyak ditemukan pada beberapa jenis ular dan kadal dan kadang pada kura-kura.
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Judul: Bakteri Flora Paling Umum Ditemukan Di Rongga Mulut Python Retikulatus Liar
Abstrak: Reticulated python is a non-venomous snake native to South and Southeast Asia. It is the world's longest snake. The purpose of this literature review study is to investigate the common bacterial flora found in oral cavity of the reticulated python. The data for this case study was obtained from several articles, journals, books and credible websites. Based on existing data, there are a wide variety of bacteria in the oral cavity of free-living reticulated pythons. The majority of the organisms were Gram-negative. Pseudomonas spp. were the most commonly isolated bacterial species, being found in 50% of the snakes sampled, and was followed by Staphylococcus sciuri.
Keyword: Reticulated python, snake bites, bacterial flora, oral cavity, microbiology

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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Judul: Uji Performansi Alat Penyulingan Minyak Atsiri dengan Menggunakan Metode UAP Langsung Pada Penyulingan Biji Lada dan Daun Sereh Wangi
Abstrak: Minyak atsiri merupakan komoditi ekspor non-migas bagi Indonesia. Untuk meningkatkan daya saing di pasaran dunia maka mutu minyak harus tinggi. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan mutu minyak yaitu dengan penyulingan menggunakan metode uap langsung. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan penampilan alat penyuling tipe uap langsung untuk mengetahui performansi dan karakteristiknya.
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Judul: Peningkatan Produktivitas Penyulingan Minyak Jahe dengan Sistem Distilasi Air
Abstrak: Minyak atsiri merupakan komoditas penting Indonesia. Salah satu minyak atsiri yang potensial adalah minyak jahe. Minyak jahe merupakan minyak atsiri yang dihasilkan dari rimpangnya. Umumnya minyak jahe berasal dari jahe kering disuling dengan destilasi uap. Kendala yang dihadapi adalah waktu penyulingim yang relatif lama dan tingginya biaya pengeringan. Disamping itu terdapat permintaan pasar terhadap minyak jahe yang berasal dari jahe segar. Untuk memenuhi hal itu dilakukan penyulingan jahe segar dengan sistem distilasi air. Masalah yang dihadapi dalam industri adalah penentuan kapasitas bahan di ketel suling yang masih dapat menghasilkan rendemen yang optimal dan mutu yang baik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan produktivitas proses penyulingan minyak jahe dengan penentuan kapasitas optimal bahan dengan jumlah air yang sesuai dan untuk membandingkan mutu minyak jahe yang dihasilkan dengan Standar Nasional Indonesia untuk minyak jahe.
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Judul: Dynamical System of Hepatitis B in Three Groups with Vaccination
Abstrak: The aim of this study is to modify the hepatitis B transmission model in three age groups involving vaccination from the model conducted by Zhoe and Zhang.The method used is to analyze the stability of the fixed point and its basic reproduction number (R_0). Performed stability analysis and numerical simulation to see population dynamics. Next, a sensitivity analysis of the parameters was carried out to see its effect on R_0. From the analysis obtained two fixed points, namely non-endemic and endemic fixed points. Non-endemic fixed points are locally asymptotically stable if R_0 <1 Meanwhile, the endemic fixed point is locally asymptotically stable if R_0 > 1. Hepatitis vaccination affects the number of susceptible population, because the more successful the vaccination, the smaller the number of susceptible populations so that the smaller the population will be infected.
Keyword: Dynamic, Hepatitis B, Vaccine, Mathematical model