Judul: Profil Parameter Fungsi Ginjal pada Anjing yang Diberi Obat Berbahan Aktif Fluralaner per Oral dengan Tiga Kali Dosis Anjuran.
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mempelajari gambaran klinis dan profil parameter fungsi ginjal pada anjing setelah diberi obat yang mengandung bahan aktif fluralaner per oral dengan tiga kali dosis anjuran. Sebanyak tiga ekor anjing jantan ras Beagle yang terinfestasi caplak Rhipicephalus sanguineus, umur 1-6 tahun, berat badan antara 8.5-10 kg digunakan pada penelitian ini. Fluralaner diberikan sebanyak tiga kali dosis anjuran yaitu 750 mg/ekor. Gambaran klinis (suhu tubuh, frekuensi napas, dan frekuensi jantung) diamati pada saat pretreatment (jam ke-0) dan post-treatment (jam ke-1, 2, dan 3). Pengambilan sampel darah dilakukan melalui vena cephalica accessoria pada 24 jam pre-treatment, 24 jam, 4, 8, dan 12 minggu post-treatment untuk dianalisis kadar blood urea nitrogen (BUN) dan kreatinin. Sampel urin diambil menggunakan kateter pada 24 jam pre-treatment, 24 jam, 8, dan 12 minggu post-treatment untuk dianalisis secara makroskopis (warna dan konsistensi) dan dianalisis menggunakan striptest (berat jenis, leukosit, nitrit, protein, dan darah). Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa suhu tubuh, frekuensi napas, dan frekuensi jantung pada ketiga anjing Beagle masih dalam rentang nilai referensi normal. Rataan kadar BUN setiap periode pengamatan masih berada dalam nilai referensi normal. Kadar kreatinin berbeda nyata antar waktu pengamatan pada H+60 (post-treatment) (P<0.05). Namun demikian, kadar kreatinin pada periode tersebut masih dalam rentang nilai referensi normal. Urinalisis menggunakan strip test memperlihatkan hasil yang mengindikasikan adanya gangguan yang bersifat lokal. Dapat disimpulkan, pemberian obat anti caplak berbahan aktif flularaner per oral sebanyak tiga kali dosis anjuran tidak memengaruhi fungsi organ ginjal, tetapi penggunaan dengan dosis tersebut tidak dianjurkan.
Keyword: fluralaner, blood urea nitrogen, kreatinin, strip test

Judul: Profil Blood Urea Nitrogen dan Kreatinin pada Anjing yang Diberi Obat Anticaplak Berbahan Aktif Afoksolaner per Oral.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh sediaan obat anti caplak berbahan aktif afoksolaner (Nexgard®) yang diberikan dalam tiga dan lima kali dosis anjuran terhadap parameter blood urea nitrogen (BUN) dan kreatinin. Sebanyak sembilan ekor anjing ras Beagle yang sehat secara klinis dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok, dengan masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari tiga ekor. Masing-masing kelompok diberikan sediaan afoksolaner secara oral dengan dosis yang berbeda-beda, yaitu satu kali dosis (6,3 mg/kg BB), tiga kali dosis (18,9 mg/kg BB), dan lima kali dosis (31,5 mg/kg BB). Afoksolaner diberikan sebanyak tiga kali, pada hari ke- 1 (treatment I), ke- 28 (treatment II) dan ke- 56 (treatment III). Pengambilan sampel darah dilakukan pada hari ke-0 (pre-treatment), hari ke- 2 (24 jam post-treatment I), hari ke- 29 (24 jam post-treatment II) dan hari ke- 57 (24 jam post-treatment III). Sampel darah diambil melalui vena saphena untuk dianalisis terhadap kadar BUN dan kreatinin. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan pada kadar BUN dan kreatinin antar kelompok dosis dan antar kelompok waktu pengamatan (P>0.05). Rata-rata kadar BUN dan kreatinin pada semua kelompok dosis masih berada dalam rentang nilai normal. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian sediaan obat anti caplak berbahan aktif afoksolaner sebanyak tiga kali ulangan dengan tiga dan lima kali dosis anjuran tidak memengaruhi profil parameter fungsi organ ginjal.
Keyword: Afoksolaner, anti caplak, blood urea nitrogen, kreatinin

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite