Judul: Analisis Efektivitas Subsidi Pupuk dan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Produksi Padi (Studi Kasus Desa Hambaro, Kecamatan Nanggung, Kabupaten Bogor)
Abstrak: Agriculture is an important aspect in favor fora country survival. Indonesia, as an agricultural country places the agriculture as the dominant sector in the national economy. Therefore, there are various government policies that support the production of the agricultural sector. One of those policies is the fertilizer subsidy policy. The fertilizer subsidy policy is fiscal policy which aims to support the agricultural sector by providing the input in subsidies setting HET fertilizer form. This policy is implemented based on six indicators of the success; the right type, quantity, price, quality, place, and time. The purpose of this research is to analyse the effectiveness of the fertilizer subsidy policy and to determine the factors that affect the production of rice. Observations and interviews in the rice-producing regions had done in the Hambaro-Bogor village which were taken through purposive sampling method. Analytical method used is descriptive quantitative and qualitative methods, and multiple linear regression methods. The results show that the effectiveness of the fertilizer subsidy policy isbased on four indicators, those are names, right place, right price, and punctuality. However, the right amount of fertilizer subsidy policy approves thatit is still not categorized as effective yet. The ineffectiveness of the subsidy of fertilizer effect on rice production turns out as shown on the results of the regression. Variable rates of fertilizer urea have a negative and significant effect on the demand for urea fertilizer. It means that if the urea fertilizer prices increased,the demand for urea fertilizer would be lower. In addition, variable price of rice and land area have a positive and significant impact on the demand for urea fertilizer. Variable amount of price of urea, price of npk, labor, land area of seed and dummy has a positive and significant impact on the production of rice. In other words, the event of changes toward these factors will have an effect on the production of rice.
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Judul: Efektivitas Subsidi Pupuk dan Faktor- Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Produksi Padi di Kabupaten Sukabumi
Abstrak: Indonesia adalah negara agraris yang kaya akan sumber daya alam dan sumber daya manusia yang melimpah, sehingga sektor pertanian menjadi prioritas utama dan mendapat perhatian dari pemerintah. Selain itu, pertanian merupakan sektor yang mempunyai peranan strategis dalam perekonomian Indonesia. Hal ini berkaitan dengan fungsinya sebagai penyedia bahan pangan, penyedia lapangan pekerjaan, dan sumber devisa bagi negara. Oleh karena itu, terdapat berbagai kebijakan pemerintah yang mendukung produksi sektor pertanian. Salah satu kebijakan ini adalah kebijakan subsidi pupuk. Kebijakan subsidi pupuk merupakan salah satu dari kebijakan fiskal pemerintah yang ditujukan kepada petani dengan tujuan meningkatkan produksi pertanian. Kebijakan ini dilaksanakan berdasarkan enam indikator keberhasilan yaitu tepat jenis, jumlah, harga, mutu, tempat, dan waktu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis efektifitas kebijakan subsidi pupuk, untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi padi, dan menganalisis elastisitas produksi padi. Pengamatan dan wawancara dilakukan di daerah penghasil padi yaitu di Kabupaten Sukabumi yang di ambil dengan metode purposive sampling. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif, serta metode regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kebijakan subsidi pupuk masih dikategorikan belum efektif berdasarkan dua indikator utama, yaitu tepat harga dan tepat jumlah. Hasil regresi menunjukan bahwa variabel pupuk, bibit, tenaga kerja, dan sewa alat pertanian mempunyai pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap produksi padi. Hal ini berarti bahwa apabila terjadi perubahan terhadap faktor-faktor tersebut maka akan berpengaruh terhadap produksi padi. Elastisitas pupuk, bibit, tenaga kerja, sewa alat pertanian, dan pestisida mempunyai nilai elastisitas kurang dari satu, sehingga digolongkan bersifat inelastis. Pemerintah harus selalu mendukung faktor-faktor tersebut agar produksi optimal. Serta peran dari berbagi pihak yang terkait dan penegak aturan-aturan juga dapat membantu dalam peningkatan efektivitas kebijakan subsidi pupuk
Keyword: Fertilizer Subsidy Policy, Effectiveness, Multiple Linier Regression, Production Elasticity

Judul: Light Microscope Study of ConnectiveTissue in The Spleen of Common Rousette Bat (Rousettus amplexicaudatus)
Abstrak: The spleen is the largest lymphoid organ. As a secondary lymphoid organ, in addition to its immune function, the spleen also has functions as blood filtration, storage, and hematopoiesis. The spleen has different morphologies between species that support different physiological functions, one of which is the difference in the structure of the capsule and trabeculae. Capsule and trabeculae of the spleen generally consist of connective tissue and smooth muscle. The thickness of smooth muscle composed together with connective tissue in the capsule and trabecula determines the function of the spleen that is divided spleen into three storage, defense, and intermediate. Bats are the reservoir of various zoonotic diseases. Bats are thought to have unique immune systems compared to other mammals but the characteristics of its immune organs such as the spleen have never been studied before. This study was conducted to examine the characteristics of capsulae and trabecula of the Common Rousette (Rousettus amplexicaudatus).
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