Judul: Dampak desentralisasi fiskal dan pemekaran wilayah terhadap perekonomian dan kesejahteraan masyarakat di Kabupaten Bogor dan Kota Depok
Abstrak: Regional autonomy is the government's efforts to provide more leverage for the community, so that society obtain services directly from local governments. One of the forms of regional autonomy is fiscal decentralization. One of very important aspects of the implementation of regional autonomy and decentralization are associated with regional proliferation. Regional proliferation are also part of an effort to improve the ability of local governments to shorten the span of government control thus increasing the effectiveness of government administration and development management. Bogor Regency has experienced regional proliferation, and become Bogor Regency and Depok Municipality. This study aims to assess the impact of fiscal decentralization, regional proliferation and other factors on GDP per capita, capital expenditure, unemployment, and poverty rates in Bogor Regency and Depok Municipality. In additions, this study aims to assess the management and budgeting by local government in Bogor Regency and Depok Municipality. The implementation of fiscal decentralization and regional proliferation has not been fully able to improve the economy and social welfare in Bogor Regency and Depok Municipality. Of the four variables used as economy indicators in this study, only the level of poverty that looked better after the implementation of fiscal decentralization. Regional proliferation of Depok Municipality can increase capital expenditure and decrease poverty rate.
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Judul: Dampak desentralisasi fiskal terhadap pembangunan sosial ekonomi daerah di Indonesia
Abstrak: Fundamental change in the Indonesian governance mechanisms from centralized into decentralized system has been occured since 1st January 2001. The successes of the government during the period of decentralization can be seen from several indicaators such as economic growth, the number of poor people as well as human development index. However, many parties felt that the implementation of fiscal decentralization in Indonesia only in terms of its political success through the implementation of direct election of regional heads, while from an economic standpoint is still not satisfactory. Based on the background above, the purpose of this research are: 1) to analyze the factors that affect revenue, expenditure of local government and regional socio-economic development in Indonesia, 2) analyze the impact of fiscal decentralization on the revenue and expenditure of local government in Indonesia, 3) Analyzing the impact of changes in revenues and expenditures of local governments towards local socio-economic development in Indonesia. The analysis used in this research is descriptive analysis and analysis of simultaneous equations. The results of simulation models from the revenue side generally indicates that the increase in general allocation funds more influential and effective in improving the performance of socio-economic development compared with the increase in taxes and tax-sharing and non-tax. From the expenditure side, the agricultural sector development spending significantly more effective increasing the GRDP and poverty reduction in Sumatera, Kalimantan, and Sulawesi. As for education and health sector spending provides a larger impact on the increase GRDP and poverty reduction in Java-Bali and Papua.
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Judul: Desain Mekanisme Pengatur Bibit Nanas untuk Mesin Tanam Nanas.
Abstrak: Penanaman bibit nanas pada saat ini masih dilakukan secara manual dengan kapasitas rendah dan hasil penanaman yang kurang baik. Untuk memperbaiki hal itu, diperlukan mesin tanam nanas berkapasitas tinggi dengan hasil penanaman yang baik. Dalam mesin tanam nanas di mana bibit tertumpuk dengan posisi yang tidak beraturan, diperlukan mekanisme untuk mengatur posisi orientasi bibit nanas dan juga mengumpankan bibit nanas dalam posisi berdiri untuk ditanam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang mekanisme pengatur bibit nanas tipe sucker untuk mesin tanam nanas. Mekanisme yang dirancang ini terdiri dari: 1) mekanisme pembawa bibit dari hoper bibit sekaligus memposisikannya secara tertidur satu persatu, dan 2) mekanisme pengumpan bibit dalam posisi berdiri. Mekanisme ini dirancang untuk dapat mengumpankan bibit dengan kecepatan 5.54 detik per bibit, dan unit conveyor pengarah bibit dirancang dengan kecepatan 0.081 m/s. Hasil pengujian prototipe mekanisme pengarah bibit ini menunjukkan bahwa conveyor pengarah bibit mampu membawa bibit, dan mengaturnya dalam posisi tertidur sebanyak 89.67 %. Unit penegak bibit dapat mengumpankan bibit dalam posisi berdiri sebanyak 92%. Mekanisme pengarah ini mampu mengumpankan bibit dengan kecepatan rata-rata 10.8 bibit per menit.
Keyword: Bibit nanas, conveyor, desain, mekanisme pengatur, mesin tanam