Judul: Optimization of Drying and Storage Processes for Milled Dry Grain at the Modern Rice Milling Plant in Perum Bulog Karawang
Abstrak: MRMP Karawang merupakan sentra penggilingan padi yang perlu meningkatkan produktivitas beras dengan mengoptimasi proses pengeringan dan penyimpanan GKG demi menjaga ketahanan pangan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor pengeringan dan penyimpanan GKG terhadap mutu beras yang dihasilkan sehingga dapat dihasilkan suhu optimal dan parameter yang sesuai. Penelitian optimasi pengeringan dilakukan dengan dua pengujian suhu pada sistem kontrol manual. Pengeringan dipengaruhi oleh suhu, kadar air awal, kondisi alat, dan varietas gabah. Hasil pengeringan menunjukkan bahwa sistem kontrol manual dengan suhu 70 °C dapat memperoleh rendemen tertinggi, laju pengeringan tertinggi, dan persen loss terendah berturut-turut sebanyak 83,05%, 0,947%/jam, dan 3,11%. Analisa biaya terendah diperoleh oleh suhu 75 °C karena proses pengeringan berlangsung lebih cepat dengan mengeluarkan biaya sebesar Rp 673.372.8. Hasil mutu penggiliingan ditunjukkan bahwa sistem kontrol manual dengan suhu 70 °C mencapai butir kepala tertingi sebanyak 83,04%. Identifikasi faktor kualitas mutu GKG disusun dan dibuat prosedur terkait penyimpanan GKG dengan maksimal kadar GKG yang disimpan 14%bb, suhu 30 °C, kelembapan 70%, dan masa simpan kurang dari 8 bulan dengan pengendalian yang dapat dilakukan berupa penambahan sensor integrasi dengan aplikasi, monitoring harian, kalibrasi sensor, pencatatan, pemakaian chiller, dan maintenance alat., MRMP Karawang is a rice milling center that needs to increase rice productivity by optimizing the drying and storage processes of GKG (Gabah Kering Giling) to ensure food security in Indonesia. This research aims to identify the factors affecting the drying and storage of GKG on the quality of rice produced, to determine the optimal temperature and appropriate parameters. The drying optimization study was conducted with two temperature tests on a manual control system. Drying is influenced by temperature, initial moisture content, equipment conditions, and the variety of rice. The results of the drying process show that the manual control system at 70 °C achieved the highest yield, highest drying rate, and lowest loss percentage, with respective values of 83.05%, 0.947%/hour, and 3.11%. The lowest cost analysis was achieved at 75 °C because the drying process was faster, incurring costs of Rp 673,372.8. The milling quality results indicate that the manual control system at 70 °C achieved the highest head rice yield of 83.04%. The identification of GKG quality factors has been compiled, and procedures related to the storage of GKG have been established, with a maximum GKG moisture content of 14%wb, a storage temperature of 30 °C, humidity of 70%, and a storage duration of less than 8 months. The recommended control measures include the addition of integrated sensors with applications, daily monitoring, sensor calibration, record-keeping, the use of chillers, and equipment maintenance.
Keyword: pengeringan, penyimpanan, Suhu, Gabah, GKG

Judul: Strategy for Increasing Procurement of Raw Materials for Modern Rice Milling Plant Lampung - Perum BULOG
Abstrak: Perkembangan teknologi penggilingan padi terus meningkat seiring kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya kualitas beras. Kemajuan tersebut memacu BULOG untuk mendirikan modern rice milling plant (MRMP) yang memproduksi beras kulitas premium yang salah satunya berada di Lampung. Aspek penting dalam proses bisnis yaitu pengadaan bahan baku dengan permasalahan pada mutu dan pemenuhan gabah. Analisis mutu metode six sigma dilakukan untuk mengetahui kinerja serta penyebab kegagalan mutu dan analytical hierarchy process (AHP) untuk mengetahui prioritas daerah pemasok. Hasilnya didapatkan nilai sigma 3,79 dengan probabilitas gabah lolos 96,47%. Cacat mutu disebabkan oleh kadar air, hampa kotoran, dan warna GKP. Analisis penyebab kecacatan terjadi karena tidak adanya pemeriksaan gabah di hulu dan juga teknis pengiriman yang kurang baik. Perbaikan dilakukan dengan menyusun SOP untuk pengajuan pemasok dan pengiriman gabah, dan dikontrol dengan pembuatan checklist untuk mutu gabah. Penilaian AHP dengan kriteria mutu, harga, varietas dan aksesibilitas didapatkan alternatif tiga daerah prioritas pemasok yaitu Belitang, Tugumulyo dan Tanjungsari. Implikasi manajerial dapat dilakukan MRMP Lampung dengan pengadaan alat ukur kadar air lapangan dan sosialisasi pemasok metode Partnership Development Approach., Development of rice milling technology continues to increase along with public awareness of importance rice quality. This progress spurred BULOG to establish a modern rice milling plant (MRMP) which produces premium quality rice, one is located in Lampung. One aspect of business process is procurement with problems in grain quality and fulfillment. Analysis of grain quality, using six sigma method to determine performance and causes of quality failures, and analytical hierarchy process to determine supplier areas priority. Results analysis obtained sigma value of 3,79 with probability of grain passing quality of 96,47%. Quality defects caused by moisture content, void of dirt, and color of GKP. Analysis causes of defects occurs because there is no inspection of upstream grain and also poor delivery techniques. Improvement csn do by compiling SOPs for supplier proposals and grain delivery, and controlled by making checklist for grain quality. Analytical hierarchy process with criteria of quality, price, variety and accessibility resulted in three alternative supplier priority areas covers Belitang, Tugumulyo and Tanjungsari. Managerial implications can do by MRMP Lampung is procuring field moisture meter and outreach suppliers using Partnership Development Approach method.
Keyword: analitycal hierarchy process (AHP), harvested dry grain, procurement, six sigma

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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