Judul: Design of process and scale up of biosurfactant production by indigenous isolate of Bacillus sp. BMN 14 using molasses as substrate
Abstrak: Biosurfaktan merupakan senyawa aktif permukaan yang dihasilkan oleh mikroba. Senyawa ini mempunyai sifat-sifat khas dan aplikasi yang luas seperti pengemulsi, pembahas, pendispersi dan bahan pembersih. Namun sejauh ini pemanfaatannya di industri masih terbatas terutama karena produktivitas mikroba penghasil biosurfaktan yang rendah dan mahalnya substrat yang digunakan, sehingga harganya belum dapat bersaing dibandingkan dengan surfaktan sintetik.
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Judul: Kajian produksi biosurfaktan dengan berbagai tingkat nasbah C dan N serta penambahan induser
Abstrak: Biosurfaktan merupakan suatu senyawa yang dihasilkan oleh mikroba dan memiliki sifat aktivitas permukaan. Sifat biosurfaktan yang penting antara lain biodegradable, tidak beracun, menyebabkan biosurfaktan banyak digunakan dalam berbagai industri. Terdapat berbagai jenis biosurfaktan, diantaranya lipopeptida yang memiliki aktivitas permukaan tinggi yang dihasilkan mikroba kelompok Bacillus sp. Biosurfaktan memiliki struktur kimiawi yang bersifat polar (hidrofilik) pada satu sisi dan bersifat tak polar (hidrofobik) pada sisi lainnya sehingga berperan ganda, selain sebagai bahan aktif permukaan, pembasahan (wetting), pembusaan, pelarutan, emulsifikasi dan deemulsifikasi, penghambatan korosi, penurunan tegangan permukaan dan tegangan antar muka serta penurunan kekentalan.
Keyword: biodegradable, lipopeptida, isolat lokal

Judul: Pengukuran Jantung Kelinci New Zealand White (Oryctolagus cuniculus) dengan Radiografi Toraks
Abstrak: This research was conducted to evaluate radiographs heart size of anaesthetized New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) under different combination of ketamine and xylazine. The rabbits were divided into three groups. Group A were anaesthetized using a 35 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg combination of ketamine and xylazine (n=5). Group B were anaesthetized using a 40 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg combination of ketamine and xylazine (n=3) while group C were anaesthetized using 45 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg combination of ketamine and xylazine (n=3). Parameter of observation from left laterolateral view were: 1) the apicobasilar length of the heart (AB), 2) the width of the heart (CD), 3) the distance between the cranial edge of the fifth rib and the caudal edge of the seventh rib perpendicular to the spine (R5-7), and 4) the vertical depth of the toraks (H). Parameter of observation from dorsoventral view were: 1) the length of the heart (L), 2) the width of the heart (W), and 3) the width of the thorax (T). The result from the heart parameters observation that were measured in left laterolateral view and dorsoventral view shows theres no significantly differ among the groups (P > 0.05). The vertebrae heart size (VHS) values obtained from the sum of the length of the long and the short axes on left laterolateral view. The long axes mean values (A) were 4.35±0.26 v and the short axes mean values (B) were 3.59±0.30 v, therefore VHS mean values were 7.94±0.49 v. On the dorsoventral view, the length of the heart mean values (L) were 4.32±0.29 cm, the width of the heart mean values (W) were 3.33±0.26 cm, and the width of the thorax mean values (T) were 5.85±0.30 cm. In normal conditions, the width of the heart should be less than two-thirds the width of the thorax and values obtained of 3.33<3.72 it shows that the heart is in the normal range. The best ratio to calculated the normal heart dimension in the left laterolateral view was compared the long axes with the vertical depth of the thorax, whereas in dorsoventral view, the length of the heart was compared with the width of the heart.
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