Judul: Uji Kinerja Kiln Tipe Drum Bersekat Untuk Pengarangan Limbah Hasil Pertanian
Abstrak: Mu’minah (2017) merancang kiln untuk pengarangan tempurung kelapa dengan memanfaatkan prinsip kerja plat sekat di dalam ruang pengarangan bertujuan agar suhu pengarangan lebih cepat merata. Agar penggunaan kiln tersebut lebih optimum, perlu dilakukan pengujian dengan menggunakan tempurung kelapa dengan ukuran berbeda dan bahan lain selain tempurung kelapa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji kinerja kiln yang dirancang oleh Mu’minah tersebut dengan bahan tempurung kelapa ukuran besar dan cangkang kemiri, serta melakukan modifikasi desain dan cara pengoperasian kiln, jika dibutuhkan, agar mampu menghasilkan kinerja yang optimal. Hasil pengujian kiln bersekat menunjukkan bahwa untuk bahan tempurung kelapa ukuran besar, kapasitas optimum kiln adalah 10 kg, menghasilkan rendemen 19,8 % pada tingkat suhu rata-rata 273,3 C dan lama proses rata-rata 100 menit. Sedangkan kapasitas optimum jika digunakan untuk cangkang kemiri adalah 35 kg, menghasilkan rendemen arang sebesar 33,56 % pada suhu pengarangan rata-rata sebesar 269,3 C dalam waktu 250 menit. Jika sekat dilepas (kiln tanpa sekat), kapasitas kiln pada penggunaan tempurung kelapa tetap 10 kg, tetapi waktu proses lebih cepat (83 menit) pada suhu rata-rata operasi mencapai 319 C, dan menghasilkan rendemen sebesar 19,33 %. Penggunaan untuk cangkang kemiri menghasilkan rendemen 28,4 % pada tingkat suhu rata-rata 323,1 C dan waktu pengarangan 230 menit. Penggunaan sekat sangat baik digunakan pada pengujian menggunakan cangkang kemiri dibandingkan tempurung kelapa., Mu'minah (2017) designed a kiln for coconut shell carbonization by utilizing the working principle of a baffle plate as partition in the carbonization chamber with the aim to make temperature in the carbonization chamber more evenly distributed. In order to optimize the kiln usages, it is necessary to carry out performance test using coconut shells of different sizes and materials other than coconut shells. The purpose of this research is to conduct performance test of the kiln designed by Mu'minah with large coconut shell and candlenut shell materials, as well as to modify the design and how to operate the kiln, if needed, in order to be able to produce optimal performance. The test results of the kiln with partition show that for large size coconut shell material, the optimum capacity of the kiln is 10 kg, producing a yield of 19.8% at an average temperature level 273.3 C and an average processing time of 100 minutes. While the optimum capacity for candlenut shells carbonization is 35 kg, resulting in a yield of charcoal 33.56% at an average temperature of 269.3 C in 250 minutes. If the partition removed (kiln without partition), the kiln capacity when using coconut shells is still 10kg, but the processing time is faster (83 minutes) at an average operating temperature of 319 C and produce yield of 19,33 %. The use of candlenut shells producing yield 28.4% at an average temperature of 323.1 C in 230 minutes. The use of partition is very good for candlenut shells compared to coconut shells.
Keyword: candlenut shell, carbonization, coconut shell, kiln

Judul: Modifikasi dan Uji Kinerja Kiln Metal Tipe Drum Venturi Untuk Pengarangan Limbah Pertanian
Abstrak: Hasanah (2012) had designed a portable kiln with venture effect to improve carbonization process. The kiln was designed specifically for coconut shell carbonization. This study aimed to conduct performance test of the kiln by using palm shell and candlenut shell as material feeding. In order to get optimum performance, modification of kiln design and operation procedure has been done as well. The performance test by using coconut shell waste, the average optimum capacity of kiln reached 12.45 kg with average carbonization temperatures and time was 420 oC along 71 minutes and resulted yield of charcoal was 21%. Performance test showed that optimum kiln capacity for candlenut shell waste was 30.93 kg and palm shell was 28.03 kg. The average temperature and time range for candlenut shell waste was at 321.17 oC along 310 minutes and for palm shell waste was 240.72 °C along 280 minutes after the modification. The yield of candlenut shell charcoal and palm shell charcoal increased becoming 26.65 % and 23.21 % after the modification. The heating value of candlenut shell charcoal was 6477 calorie/gram and palm shell charcoal was 7083 calorie/gram. Drying and sorting before carbonization were recommended in order to help initial process running well.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), modification., charcoal, agricultural waste, carbonization, venture drum-type metal kiln

Judul: Zoonosis yang baru muncul bersumber satwa liar dan tantangan kesehatan masyarakat veteriner
Abstrak: The objective of this scientific writing was to review the emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) which are zoonotic and originate in wildlife causing great negative impacts on public health, economy, social, politic, and national security. Furthermore, factors triggering the emergence and spread of emerging zoonotic diseases and global efforts in anticipating them were discussed in this review. It is recognized that EID are a significant burden on global economies and public health. Their emergence is thought to be driven largely by socio-economic, environmental and ecological factors. EID events are dominated by zoonoses (60.3% of EIDs) and the majority of these (71.8%) originate in wildlife, e.g., severe acute respiratory virus (SARS virus) and Ebola virus. The importance and recognition of wildlife as a reservoir of zoonoses are increasing. Emerging zoonoses (EZs) have been assumed increasing importance in public and animal health. Cost effective prevention and control of these zoonoses need an interdisciplinary and holistic approach and international cooperation. Surveillance, laboratory capability, research, training and education, and communication are key elements. Globalization has created many new challenges, particularly with regard to animal, human, and environmental health. New approaches in prevention, control, and eradication of zoonotic diseases have been developed and introduced worldwide, i.e., one health and ecohealth. The one health concept is a worldwide strategy for expanding interdisciplinary collaboration and communications in all aspects of health care for humans and animals, while ecohealth approach is to improve human health and well-being while simultaneously maintaining a healthy ecosystem.
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