Judul: Genetic authentication on morphological variation in cultivated pompano (Trachinotus spp.) based on the 16s rRNA gene marker
Abstrak: Ikan bawal (Trachinotus spp.) termasuk komoditas unggulan perairan laut dangkal yang mengalami peningkatan permintaan sehingga perlu dilakukan konservasi melalui kegiatan budidaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengautentikasi spesies ikan bawal yang dibudidayakan di BPBL Batam sebagai informasi keragaman genetik dan kekerabatannya. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April hingga November 2021. Metode yang digunakan yaitu isolasi dan ekstraksi DNA, amplifikasi dan visualisasi, dan sekuensing gen 16s rRNA. Analisis data meliputi analisis morfologi, pensejajaran, analisis filogeni dan jarak genetik menggunakan MEGA 11. Seluruh sampel menghasilkan DNA total yang baik namun terdapat kontaminan. Hasil PCR menunjukkan pita DNA tunggal dan tebal dengan ukuran basa sesuai target. Hasil validasi menunjukkan seluruh sampel merujuk pada T. blochii dengan nilai persen identifikasi 100% dan nilai jarak genetik 0,000. Pohon filogeni menunjukkan tiga spesies bawal berada satu klaster dengan famili Carangidae. Oleh karena itu, ketiga jenis bawal memiliki kemiripan yang cukup identik dengan spesies T. blochii., Pompano (Trachinotus spp.) is one of the leading commodities in shallow marine waters which is experiencing an increase in demand, so it is necessary to conserve it through aquaculture. This study aims to authentify species of pompano cultivated at BPBL Batam as information on genetic diversity and kinship. The study was conducted from April to November 2021. The methods are using DNA isolation and extraction, amplification and visualization, and 16s rRNA gene sequencing. Data analysis includes morphological analysis, alignment, phylogeny analysis, and genetic distance using MEGA 11. All samples produced good total DNA but contained contaminants. The result of PCR showed DNA single and thick with the base size according to the target. Results of validation showed that all samples referred to T. blochii with a percent identification value of 100% and a genetic distance is 0.000. The phylogeny tree shows that three types of pompano are in one cluster with the family of Carangidae. Therefore it can be concluded that three types of pompano have an identical resemblance to the species of T. blochii.
Keyword: 16s rRNA, genetic, pompano, T. Blochii

Judul: Authentication on Morphological Differences of Cultivated Pompano (Trachinotus spp.) Based on Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (COI) Gene
Abstrak: Konsumsi ikan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sumber protein hewani akan terus meningkat seiring dengan pertambahan penduduk. Stok alamiah ikan dikhawatirkan mengalami penurunan akibat adanya peningkatan aktivitas penangkapan sehingga perlu didukung dengan adanya pembudidayaan jenis ikan potensial. Ikan bawal dari famili Carangidae saat ini dibudidayakan di BPBL Batam yang terdiri dari 3 jenis, yaitu bawal bintang, bawal emas, dan bawal hibrid. Ketiganya memiliki morfologi yang sangat mirip, sehingga penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memastikan jenis ikan bawal terhadap perbedaan morfologi melalui penelusuran susunan basa nukleotida. Analisis morfologi dilakukan dengan melakukan pengamatan secara langsung melalui beberapa parameter morfologi, sedangkan untuk pengujian molekuler digunakan marka gen COI (Cythochrome Oxydase Subunit I) melalui tahap isolasi, ekstraksi, amplifikasi dan visualisai, serta sekuensing. Hasil yang didapatkan berupa DNA total yang mengandung smear akibat masih adanya kontaminasi dan visualisasi amplifikasi gen COI yang menunjukkan posisi DNA target berada pada kisaran 600-700 bp. Hasil BLASTn menunjukkan bahwa sampel memiliki homologi sebesar ≥99.85 % dengan Trachinotus blochii. Hasil jarak genetik dan pohon filogeni dari ketiga jenis ikan bawal yang rendah akan berada dalam satu ranting yang sama, sehingga menunjukkan adanya hubungan kekerabatan yang dekat. Ketiga jenis ikan bawal berhasil divalidasi ke dalam satu spesies yang sama yaitu Trachinotus blochii karena memiliki susunan basa nukleotida yang identik dan diduga berasal dari tetua yang sama., Consumption of fish to meet the needs of animal protein sources will continue to increase along with population growth. The natural stock of fish will decrease due to an increase in fishing activity so that it needs to be supported by the cultivation of potential fish species. Pompano from the Carangidae family are currently cultivated at BPBL Batam, which consists of 3 types, namely snubnose pompano, golden pompano, and hybrid pompano. All three have very similar morphology, so this study was conducted to ascertain the types of pompano against morphological differences by tracing the arrangement of nucleotide bases. Morphological analysis was carried out by direct observation through several morphological parameters, while for molecular testing, COI gene markers (Cythochrome Oxydase Subunit I) were used through isolation, extraction, amplification and visualization, as well as sequencing. The results obtained are total DNA containing smears due to contamination and visualization of COI gene amplification which shows the target DNA position is in the range of 600-700 bp. Meanwhile, the BLASTn result showed that the sample had a homology of 99.85% with Trachinotus blochii. The results of the genetic distance and phylogeny tree of the three types of low pompano will be on the same branch, indicating a close relationship. The three types of pompano were successfully validated into the same species, namely Trachinotus blochii because they have identical nucleotide base arrangements and can be presumed to have come from the same parent.
Keyword: identical, COI, morphological, phylogenetic tree, pompano, identical, COI, morphological, phylogenetic tree, pompano, pompano

Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4