Judul: Ecotourism Development of the Javan Hawk-Eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi) in Gunung Ciremai National Park
Abstrak: Indonesia is a country with high biodiversity (megadiversity) with the 4th number of visits in the Southeast Asia (ASEAN) region, opening opportunities for the development of nature tourism packages such as wildlife tourism to see the unique flora and fauna in Indonesia as well as the beauty of the landscape that provides experiences different for visitors. The javan hawk-eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi) in Gunung Ciremai National Park has the potential to be developed into ecotourism because of its rare status in nature and is one of the birds that are synonymous with the national symbol of the Republic of Indonesia, namely Garuda. The birdwatching program had previously existed in Gunung Ciremai National Park but had yet to develop. Therefore, in developing the javan hawk-eagle ecotourism must apply ecotourism principles, namely the principles of conservation, education, economy, tourism, and community empowerment. This study aims to identify and analyze the habitat conditions and behavior of the javan hawk-eagle as a tourist attraction, identify and analyze visitor demand for javan hawk-eagle ecotourism, then develop a javan hawk-eagle ecotourism program and create a javan hawk-eagle ecotourism strategy. This research was conducted in Gunung Ciremai National Park. Data collection was carried out from March to May 2021. The method used to view the habitat of the javan hawk-eagle was by taking an inventory of trees using the grid line method, then analyzing vegetation characteristics, habitat function, and division of the canopy space. The behavior of the javan hawk-eagle was taken using the focal animal sampling method, then analyzed using the daily behavior analysis of the javan hawk-eagle. Visitor demand was measured using a closed questionnaire to 348 visitors regarding perceptions, motivations, and preferences for javan hawk-eagle ecotourism. The results showed that the primary habitat of the javan hawk-eagle was a natural forest dominated by Benda trees (Artocarpus elasticus) with an IVI value of 78.85%. In addition, the javan hawk-eagle also used pine plantations and shrubs for nesting and hunting areas. The types of javan hawk-eagle feed that are often found include; Surili (Presbytis comata), Javan Lutung (Trachypithecus auratus), Long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis), Squirrels (Callosciurus notatus), Green Lizards (Desia olivacea), River Checkakak (Todirhamphus chloris), Turtledoves (Spilopelia chinensis), Finches (Pycnonotus aurigaster) and Partridge (Gallus gallus). The javan hawk-eagle were found nesting in pine trees (Pinus merkusii) in the Bantar Agung location and forest kedondong trees (Spondias pinnatan) in the Bukit Seribu Bintang location. The selected tree is an emergent tree with a not-too-dense crown. The javan hawk-eagle uses the A1 canopy for perching and stalking prey and the AII for nesting and resting. The highest daily activity of the javan hawk-eagle based on the length of time the encounter was perched (71.40%) in natural forest and (59.22%) in plantation forest. Meanwhile, based on the frequency of encounters, the most frequently found activities were flying as many as five encounters. The observed flight activities of the javan hawk-eagle are soaring and gliding which occur when the weather conditions are sunny. The engaging social interaction activities of javan hawk-eagle are during the breeding and nesting season, when visitors can see them mating,
Keyword: ecotourism, javan hawk-eagle, Gunung Ciremai National Park

Judul: Pengelolaan Habitat Elang Jawa (Nisaetus bartelsi) melalui Ekowisata Birdwatching di Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai
Abstrak: Elang jawa (Nisaetus bartelsi) adalah spesies endemik Pulau Jawa yang memiliki nilai penting bagi keseimbangan ekosistem dan berstatus terancam punah berdasarkan IUCN Redlist. Salah satu lokasi penting bagi konservasi elang jawa adalah Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai (TNGC). Selain difungsikan sebagai kawasan konservasi, TNGC juga terbuka sebagai kawasan wisata dengan potensi sumber daya yang melimpah. Upaya konservasi elang jawa di TNGC dapat dilakukan dengan mengintegrasikan kegiatan pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan wisata melalui ekowisata birdwatching. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengobservasi dan menganalisis preferensi habitat elang jawa, menganalisis potensi ekowisata birdwatching elang jawa, dan menyusun rekomendasi pengelolaan habitat melalui ekowisata birdwatching elang jawa di TNGC. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode observasi lanskap, analisis vegetasi, dan analisis pohon sarang untuk memperoleh preferensi habitat; metode grid dan perumusan kuesioner untuk menganalisis potensi ekowisata; serta metode SWOT untuk menganalisis penyusunan rekomendasi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa di TNGC, habitat berburu elang jawa merupakan hutan alam, hutan campuran, semak, dan lahan terbuka pada elevasi 500 – 1.600 mdpl, slope landai hingga curam, dan landform berupa perbukitan dengan karakter vegetasi yang didominasi oleh fase semai > tiang > pohon > pancang. Sedangkan habitat bersarang merupakan hutan campuran pada elevasi 700-900 mdpl, slope curam, dan landform perbukitan dengan karakter vegetasi yang didominasi oleh fase pancang > semai > pohon > tiang. Pohon sarang elang jawa berjenis pinus dan kedondong hutan berstrata B dengan model arsitektur rauh dan penggunaan ruang tajuk BII. Dihasilkan tiga alternatif tapak pengembangan dengan mengintegrasikan objek dan daya tarik wisata pada tiga grid terpilih. Terdapat sebelas alternatif strategi dengan empat rekomendasi utama untuk mengembangkan ekowisata birdwatching elang jawa yaitu menyusun konsep pengembangan ekowisata birdwatching elang jawa melalui paket wisata, menjalin kerja sama dengan stakeholder setempat, meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas habitat elang jawa, serta meningkatkan peran dan kualitas masyarakat lokal melalui sosialisasi dan pelatihan.
Keyword: Birdwatching, Ekowisata, Elang Jawa, Preferensi Habitat, Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai (TNGC)

Judul: Pervaporasi Alkohol Menggunakan Membran Polistirena-SDS
Abstrak: Polystyrene (PS) membrane with SDS as porogen can be utilized as a filter in alcohol pervaporation process. The membrane was prepared using inversed phase method with PS:SDS:dichloromethane solvent composition were 17:0:83; 17:0.5:82.5; 17:1:82; 17:1.5:81.5; and 17:2:81. Homogenization of mixtures were carried out for 10 and 20 hours and casted on glass plate surface then submerged it into water with temperature of 60 °C. Pervaporation capability was evaluated from flux value and separation factor. The average of water flux values in 20 hours sonication were higher than the values in 10 hours sonication. The highest separation factor was observed in PS membrane with 0.5% SDS concentration and homogenization in 20 hours is 5.23. Application of PS membrane in pervaporation as showed by purities of alcohol value using gas chromatography method revealed that the purities increase from 91.6 to 93.4%. Therefore, certain SDS addition can increase the performance of PS membrane in alcohol purification.
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