Judul: Decision Support System for Estimating Natural Gas Supply -Demand Balance
Abstrak: Energy sector in Indonesia has become a serious problem with respect to the diminishing of oil reserves, environmental aspects, energy conservation, until the sustainable energy supply. Aside from the mentioned issues, the government additionally urges to propel energy diversification simultaneously with easing off oil fuels dominancy in the national energy mix. Natural gas is highly promoted to cope with such issues if considering on some beneficial aspect such as reserves sustainability, iits environmental soundness coupled with multiple applications across all sectors. This addresses natural gas towards a prominent place in shaping the national energy consumption.
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Judul: Strategy of PT GAS Facing Business Competition in the Downstream Natural Gas Industry Distribution of West Java and Banten Regions in Indonesia
Abstrak: Indonesia still has conventional natural gas reserves of 100.36 TSCF (Trillion Standard Cubic Feet), and 42.46 TSCF are potential reserves. Apart from conventional natural gas, Indonesia has the potential of non-conventional natural gas, namely coal methane gas known as CBM (Coal Bed Methane) or natural gas from coal and Shale Gas (Flake Gas) potential of 452 TSCF and 574 respectively TSCF. The amount of natural gas reserves illustrates the strategic value of natural gas to fulfill national energy. However, the enormous potential of gas commodities has not yet had a tremendous impact on PT GAS development. Over the past six years, the growth of PT GAS's performance has decreased. This study aims to analyze the internal and external factors that influence the business development of PT GAS, formulate various alternative business development strategies of PT GAS, and determine priority strategies that can apply to PT GAS business development. The research started from November 2018 to April 2019. Primary research data obtained from interviews and discussions with a focus group discussion (FGD) approach and the distribution of questionnaires to nine informants who were considered competent in this study were those directly involved in the preparation of the company's strategy during This was done by PT GAS. Samples took using a purposive sampling method. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The strategy formulation analysis consisted of the input stage using an internal and external factor evaluation matrix, the matching stage using IE Matrix and SWOT, and the decision stage using QSPM. The results showed that internal factors were affecting business development obtained from identifying the company's strengths and weaknesses and external factors obtained from opportunities and threats. Internal factor evaluation results got a value of 3.00 (strength of 2.20 and weakness of 0.80) and an external evaluation value of 3.02 (opportunity 2.33 and threats 0.69). Internal and external evaluation calculations determine the company's position in the quadrant grow and build or grow and build. The results of the IE and SWOT analysis results showed seven alternative strategies as well as the priority order of the plan after calculating using the QSPM calculation, namely a) Market Penetration b) Product Diversification c) Improving Pipe Networks d) Improving gas quality e) Improving service quality f) Company reputation g) Strengthening branding. After going through three strategic management planning stages, the next step was selecting the main strategic alternatives that use QSPM as a tool. The primary strategy that gets the highest attractiveness value (3.20) in QSPM is "Market Penetration on an ongoing basis by strengthening the marketing research base by maximizing the pipeline network that there and good gas quality as a value proposition. This strategy is the most attractive strategy for PT GAS today. PT GAS must create a strong marketing research base by strengthening marketing
Keyword: Development Strategy, IE Matrix, natural gas, QSPM

Judul: Prevalence of Bird Lice on Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) in 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia
Abstrak: Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) have coexisted with humans for thousands of years and are used for various purposes such as food and in sports. Rock pigeons may have the potential to be infested with a wide range of ectoparasites, which can have a significant impact on their life cycle. This study aims to measure the prevalence of Columba livia with bird lice in 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia in the year 2020 and to ascertain the impact of bird lice on the health of these infested birds. Data were collected from clinical records for the month of January to December in the year 2020 from 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia. Lice were identified in 42 of the 80 Rock pigeons examined so, the overall prevalence of lice infestations was 52.5%. The prevalence of ectoparasites was found to be higher in young Rock pigeons (60.4%) as compared to adult Rock pigeons (37.4%). Columbicola columbae (wing lice) and Colpocephalum turbinatum (body lice) are two species of lice that have been detected. Body lice were more prevalent in young Columba livia birds at 47.6% whereas wing lice were more prevalent in adult Columba livia birds at 16.7%. Most of the lice were found in the thorax and abdomen area followed by the head and neck area., Merpati Batu (Columba livia) telah hidup berdampingan dengan manusia selama ribuan tahun dan digunakan untuk berbagai keperluan seperti makanan dan olahraga. Merpati batu dapat terinfestasi dengan berbagai ektoparasit, yang dapat berdampak signifikan pada siklus hidup mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi Columba livia dengan kutu burung di 99 Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia pada tahun 2020 dan untuk memastikan dampaknya terhadap kesehatan burung yang terinfestasi. Data dikumpulkan dari catatan klinis dari bulan Januari hingga Desember tahun 2020 dari 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia. Kutu diidentifikasi pada 42 dari 80 merpati batu yang diperiksa sehingga, prevalensi keseluruhan infestasi kutu adalah 52,5%. Prevalensi ektoparasit ditemukan lebih tinggi pada merpati batu muda (60,4%) dibandingkan dengan merpati batu dewasa (37,4%). Columbicola columbae (kutu sayap) dan Colpocephalum turbinatum (kutu badan) adalah dua spesies kutu yang telah ditemukan. Kutu badan lebih banyak ditemukan pada burung Columba livia muda sebesar 47,6% sedangkan kutu sayap lebih banyak ditemukan pada burung Columba livia dewasa sebesar 16,7%. Sebagian besar kutu ditemukan di daerah dada dan abdomen diikuti daerah kepala dan leher.
Keyword: Columba livia, prevalence, ectoparasite, wing lice, body lice, Columba livia, prevalensi, ektoparasit, kutu sayap, kutu badan