Judul: Penggunaan Penanda Molekuler Untuk Penentuan Jenis Kelamin Burung Betet Jawa (Psittacula alexarzdri ulemndri)
Abstrak: Determinasi seks burung-burung monomorfik yang tidak mempunyai dimofisme seksual akan sangat sulit hanya dengan memperhatikan ciri-ciri morfologinya saja. Teknik molekuler dengan analisis DNA pada fragmen CHDl-Z dan CHDI-W dapat membantu dalam kasus ini. Sampel darah burung yang telah dipurifikasi kemudian diamplifikasi dengan teknik PCR @o[ymerase cliairr ~eaclioil)m enggunakan primer P8.3 dan P2 (Griffith el a/. 1998, Griffith R 2000). Produk hasil PCR dimigrasikan pada gel agarose 1.2% yang kemudian divisualisasikan dengan W (ultra violet) transluminator untuk melihat penampakkan fragmen-fragmen DNAnya. Penentuan jenis kelamin pada burung menggunakan sistem determinasi seks WIZ (Griffith 2000). Jenis kelamin betina ditandai dengan munculnya 2 fragmen DNA dan sebaliknya jenis kelamin jantan dengan 1 fragmen DNA. Dan 20 sampel darah burung betet jawa (Psillacftla alexarrdri nlexatrdri) yang diuji terarnplifikasi dengan baik dan diperoleh ukuran sebesar 382 bp untuk kromosom Z, serta 400 bp untuk kromosom W, dan dari hasil analisis DNA ini diperoleh 10 sampel adalah betina dan sisanya jantan. Berdasarkan hasil uji silang pengecekan jenis kelamin dengan karakter morfologi menunjukkan bahwa teknik molekuler dalam ha1 determinasi seks pada burung-bumng monomorfjk seperti betet sangat efektif untuk membedakan jenis kelamin burung-burung muda dan dewasa.
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Judul: Penentuan Jenis Kelamin pada Kelas Aves Menggunakan Metode Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
Abstrak: Many avian species are sexually monomorphic. In this case, molecular approach is an efficient method for sex determination. The sexes of monomorphic avians can be determined by PCR amplification of the CHD genes. CHD genes are preserved within avian Z and W sex chromosomes. The objective of this research was to determine sex of chickens, quails, ducks, pigeons, hill myna, salmon-crested cockatoos, and yellow-crested cockatoos based on CHD gene using primer 2550F and 2718R. PCR products were screened by 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis with Ethidium Bromide. According to the results 10 males and 11 females were determined from 21 specimens of avians. Individuals showed double (ZW) and single (ZZ) bands were identified as females and males, respectively in chickens, quails, hill myna, salmon-crested cockatoos and yellow-crested cockatoos. Males and females in ducks and pigeons showed single band in different length of basepairs.
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Judul: The impact of oil fuel price subsidy policy on fiscal and national income performance
Abstrak: The objectives of this study was to analyze the impact of oil fuel price subsidy policy on fiscal and national income performance. A simultaneous equestions econometric model of oil fuel price subsidy was estimated using Two – Stage Least Squares (2SLS) method and SYSLIN procedure for the data set period of 1987-2005. The validation model of the oil fuel price subsidy policy used NEWTON method and SIMNLIN procedure. The government policy to increase oil fuel price subsidy showed that surplus of balance of trade was decreased, and the economic growth was decreased. However, the number of poor people was decreased because the inflation rate was decreased. The government policy to decrease oil fuel price subsidy showed that surplus of balance of trade was increased, fiscal deficit was decreased, and the economic growth was increased. However, the number of poor of people was decreased because inflation rate was decreased and income was increased. As the conclusion, the government policy to decrease oil fuel price subsidy was need to increase the surplus of balance of trade, decrease the deficit fiscal, increase the economic growth, and decrease the number of poor people.
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