Judul: Similarity Search Approach and Molecular  Docking of Butyrolactone III to α-Glucosidase Enzymes as an Inhibitor
Abstrak: Obat-obat komersil yang tersedia dengan mekanisme penghambatan enzim α-glukosidase memiliki efek samping. Oleh karena itu, proses penelitian masih melakukan pencarian dan pengembangan senyawa baru dengan potensi inhibisi kuat dan efek samping lebih kecil. Kandidat inhibitor, butyrolactone III, mampu menghambat aktivitas enzim α-glukosidase secara in vitro. Penelitian ini bertujuan mencari kandidat baru inhibitor α-glukosidase menggunakan pendekatan similarity search terhadap butyrolactone III. Langkah penelitian antara lain, preparasi struktur protein, pencarian ligan-ligan uji berbasis similarity search, validasi gridbox, penapisan virtual, identifikasi interaksi kompleks enzim-ligan, dan prediksi toksisitasnya. Hasilnya diperoleh struktur kristal dengan PDB ID 3L4U dan 46 ligan uji. Terdapat tujuh ligan yang lolos penapisan virtual, namun tiga diantaranya tidak lolos uji prediksi toksisitas. Ligan terbaik yang diperoleh adalah asperjinone, ligan dari A. terreus, dengan nilai energi bebas Gibbs dan Kd terendah. Seluruh interaksi kompleks asperjinone-enzim berada pada situs pengikatan substrat enzim.
Keyword: butyrolactone III, diabetes melitus, penambatan molekul, similarity search

Judul: Hubungan Struktur dan Aktivitas Senyawa Biflavonoid Genus Araucaria sebagai Inhibitor Enzim α-Glukosidase secara In Silico
Abstrak: Diabetes melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit gangguan metabolik yang ditandai dengan tingginya kadar gula dalam darah. Indonesia menempati urutan ke-5 jumlah penderita DM tertinggi di dunia. Acarbose, agen antidiabetik komersial yang bekerja dengan menghambat α-glukosidase, penggunaannya dalam jangka panjang menimbulkan efek samping sehingga senyawa potensial dari bahan alam diperlukan sebagai alternatif. Pengembangan obat baru perlu diprediksi melalui metode in silico agar menghemat biaya dan waktu karena dapat dilakukan dengan cepat secara komputasi. Genus Araucaria, kelompok tanaman yang mengandung biflavonoid, diprediksi dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah melalui inhibisi α-glukosidase. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji interaksi molekuler dengan teknik simulasi penambatan molekuler, serta menguji potensi senyawa biflavonoid genus Araucaria sebagai inhibitor α-glukosidase secara in silico berdasarkan struktur dan gugus fungsinya. Hasil penambatan molekuler menunjukkan bahwa ligan uji (5), diprediksi sebagai ligan yang paling berpotensi sebagai inhibitor α-glukosidase dengan nilai ∆G -8,6 kkal/mol, Ki 0,489 μM, dan Binding Site Similarity 68,75% terhadap keseluruhan residu sekitar reseptor., Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels. Indonesia ranks 5th with the highest number of DM sufferers in the world. Acarbose, a commercial antidiabetic agent that works by inhibiting α-glucosidase, its long-term use often causes side effects, so potential compounds from natural ingredients need as alternatives. New drug development needs to be predicted through in silico method to save costs and time because it is done computationally fast. The genus Araucaria, a group of plants containing biflavonoids, is predicted to lower blood glucose levels through α-glucosidase inhibition. This study examines the molecular interactions with molecular docking simulation techniques and examines the potential of biflavonoid compounds of the genus Araucaria as α-glucosidase inhibitors using in silico analysis of their structure and functional groups. The molecular docking results showed that the test ligand (5), was predicted to be the ligand with the most potential as an α-glucosidase inhibitor with ∆G -8,6 kcal/mol, Ki 0,489 M, and Binding Site Similarity 68,75% of the total residue around the receptor.
Keyword: α-Glukosidase, Diabetes, Araucaria, Penambatan Molekuler

Judul: Etno-ornitologi Burung Kancilan Flores (Pachycephala nudigula nudigula Hartert 1897) pada Masyarakat Lio di Taman Nasional Kelimutu
Abstrak: Bare-throathed whistler is one of several wild birds in Kelimutu National Park (TNKL) that is believed to have correlation with Lio Community‟s belief. The estimation of Bare-throated whistler‟s population in Kelimutu National Park was about 186.41-1668.07 individual by the density about 0.0389-0.3481 ind/ha with the sex ratio 6.2:1 that spreaded on area with height of 1100 – 1600 masl. The characteristic of Bare-throated whistler‟s habitat is a natural forest with various canopy level, high plant species diversity and high density. The habitat characteristics related to the availability of food in the form of insects, cover, safety and a nesting site. Generally the most of Lio community knew the existence of Bare-throated whistler directly or from their parents‟ stories. The perceptions of Lio Community to the Bare-throated whistler‟s existence is generally support the conservation efforts. The perceptions construct the Lio Community‟s atitude that tend to be conservative to the existence of Bare-throated whistler. The attitude shown by their behavior that not cathing the Bare-throated whistler from the TNKL‟s area or the outside. The attitude have an important role to the existence of Bare-throated whistler in Kelimutu National Park‟s area.
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