Judul: Hubungan Kekerabatan Beberapa isolat  Lentinus  Asal Tropis  Berdasarkan Sifat Mikroskopik Kultur dan Molekular
Abstrak: Lentinus mushroom is a wood rot fungi used as medicine and distributed in tropic and subtropic regions. The research aimed to know the phylogeny relationship of tropical Lentinus mushroom isolates based on culture microscopic and molecular characters. Isolates of Lentinus that were used are LU3, LU10 (L. torulosus), LC4, LC6 (L. cladopus), LSC1, LSC7 (L. sajor- caju), and LP9 (L. squarrosulus), HS, and JTP (Pleurotus). Culture media were malt extract peptone agar (MEPA) and malt extract agar (MEA) at 35°C for Lentinus isolates and ±29°C for HS and JTP isolates. The culture microscopic structure of each isolate was observed at 2 and 4 weeks old of cultures. Molecular analysis carried out amplification of DNA with PCR-RAPD method using two 10-mer single random primers, RP1 and RP3. The culture microscopic and molecular characters were converted into biner data and analysis using MEGA 4.1 program. The observation showed that the colony appearances of some Lentinus isolates on MEPA media were different from those of MEA. Based on phylogenic tree of culture microscopic and molecular characters, Pleurotus isolate (JTP) was separated from A group (Lentinus and HS) as out group. A group was devided to two branches, HS isolate and Lentinus group (B, C, D). Based on molecular analysis, Lentinus group included B group(consistency value, CV=57%) which devided LP9 and LSC1 isolates (CV=89%) and C group (CV=20%). C Group were devided into LSC7 and LC6 (CV=65%) and D group (CV=45%). D group included LU10 isolate and LC4 and LU3 isolates (CV=46%). Molecular relationship of Lentinus based on molecular analysis was not yet specific so need to analyze detailed with added another primer.
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Judul: Analisis Keanekaragaman Isolat Pleurotus spp. Liar dan Domestik Berdasar Sifat Morfologi, Fisiologi dan Molekuler
Abstrak: Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus spp.) are edible mushroom with high diversity. Cultivated oyster isolates in Indonesia are from local isolates as well as from outside Indonesia. Report on their genetic diversity based on characteristic of morphological and physiological are still scare found in Indonesia, even analytic based on molecular characteristic is never report in Indonesia. This study was aimed to identify several kind of wild and domestic isolates of oyster mushrooms based on morphological, physiological, genetic, and molecular characteristic. The result indicated that there were two groups of isolates based on morphological characteristic of a fruiting body, A group and B group. A group was consisted ofHHB247 isolate (pink color) and nine isolates (white and brown color) grouped on B which then divided into two groups B1 and B2_ This B1 divided into two groups C1 and C2. C1 included only one isolate that was HHB215 isolate (brown color ) and C2 include one white color isolate (sp2) and one brown color isolate (sp6). B2 divided two groups D1 and D2, D1 included two white color isolates (sp3, sp5) and one brown color isolate (HHB328). D2 included three white color isolates (HHB327, sp4 and spl). Based on morphological characteristic the, ten of oyster mushroom isolates can not be in groups related to the color of fruiting bodies. The result indicated that there were two groups of isolates based on physiological characteristic, A group and B group. A group was consisted of HHB247 isolate (pink color) and nine isolates (white and brown color) grouped on B which then divided into two groups B1 and B2. B1 included only one isolate that was sp6 isolate (brown color). B2 divided two groups Cl and C2. Cl included two brown color isolates (HHB215, HHB328), C2 divided two groups Dl and D2. Dl include five white color isolates (spl, sp2, sp3, sp4, and sp5), D2 included only one isolate that was HHB327 isolate (white color). Based on physiological characteristic, ten of oyster mushroom isolates can be in groups related to the color. The frequency of mating between single spores of intra isolates (similar color of fruiting bodies) was highly (60% - 74%), but the frequency of mating between inter isolates was O %. Molecular analysis on Pleurotus spp. and Lentinus isolates was done using RAPD molecular marker with five primers (RP-2, RP-3, Rp-3, RP-4 and RP-6). The result indicated that there were two groups of isolates based on moleculer characteristic, A group and B group. A divided two groups Al and A2. Al included only one isolate that was HHB307 isolate ( the color was not determined), and A2 included six white color isolates (HHB327, Spl, Sp2, Sp3, Sp4, and Sp5) with 100% of similarity index. B divided two groups Bl and B2. Bl included three brown color isolates (HHB32S, HHB215 and sp6) with two last isolates had 100% of similarity index, and B2 included one...dst
Keyword: jamur tiram, RAPD, mating, analisis molekuler, spora tunggal

Judul: Estimasi nilai pajak emisi kendaraan umum berbahan bakar bensin di Jakarta
Abstrak: Provinsi DKI Jakarta merupakan provinsi dengan tingkat polusi udara tertinggi di Indonesia. Transportasi merupakan penyumbang utama polusi udara di DKI Jakarta, yaitu sebesar 70%. Sumbangan sektor transportasi ini terutama berasal dari kendaraan berbahan bakar bensin, salah satunya adalah kendaraan umum. Pencemaran tersebut menimbulkan kerugian masyarakat, diantaranya kerugian dari segi kesehatan. Guna mengatasi permasalahan yang terjadi, salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan pemerintah ialah dengan menetapkan pajak emisi kendaraan berdasarkan tingkat kerugian kesehatan masyarakat. Mengacu pada hal tersebut, dilakukan sebuah estimasi kerugian masyarakat akibat emisi kendaraan umum berbahan bakar bensin berdasarkan biaya kesehatan yang totalnya mencapai Rp 4.053.041.102.763,- per tahun. Dari biaya kesehatan tersebut selanjutnya dapat dihitung perkiraan tarif pajak emisi untuk kendaraan umum yang terdiri dari kendaraan angkot sebesar Rp 3.769.733,- per kendaraan per tahun dan taksi sebesar Rp 3.770.528,- per kendaraan per tahun. Mayoritas responden masyarakat DKI Jakarta menyatakan sangat setuju bahwasanya peningkatan jumlah kendaraan umum dapat memperparah kondisi udara yang tercemar. Hal ini juga diperkuat dengan pernyataan keyperson yang menyatakan bahwa adanya pencemaran udara di Jakarta tersebut memberikan dampak negatif bagi kesehatan. Oleh karena itu, baik masyarakat maupun keyperson menyatakan setuju jika pajak emisi dijadikan solusi dalam mengurangi pencemaran udara.
Keyword: Air pollution, cost of illness, emission tax rates, gasoline, public transportation emissions