Judul: Pewarisan Genetik Transgen Hd3a pada Tanaman Nicotiana benthamiana Transgenik
Abstrak: Hd3a gene has been successfully introduced into Nicotiana benthamiana genome. In vitro culture, the putative transgenic of N. benthamiana give a flower very early. This plant must be molecularly analyzed to confirm the integration of Hd3a transgene under the control of 35SCaMV promoter in the genome. The objective of this research was to analyze the integration, stability and genetic inheritance of Hd3a transgene under 35SCaMV promoter in transgenic N. benthamiana. Mendelian inheritance pattern of hpt fused to Hd3a transgene with 3:1 ratio has been detected in T1 generation of transgenic N. benthamiana. This pattern showed that transgenic N. benthamiana is heterozygous for hpt fused to Hd3a transgene. In addition, this result indicated that the transgenic N. benthamiana contains one single copy of hpt and Hd3a transgenes integrated in the genome. The molecular analysis showed that T0 and T1 generation of transgenic N. benthamiana contain Hd3a transgene. Hd3a transgene caused an early flowering phenotype in transgenic N. benthamiana E.26.3 line. Average of flowering time in E.26.3 line is 40,5 days after germination. An early flowering character was not observed in E.21.3 line probably caused by the suppression of Hd3a gene.
Keyword: genetic inheritance, Hd3a gene, Nicotiana benthamiana

Judul: Transformasi Genetik Nicotiana benthamiana dengan Gen Pembungaan Hd3a dari Padi
Abstrak: Flowering is one of the fundamental events in the life cycle of many higher plants and is a very important trait for determining the ability of a species to adapt to various environmental conditions. Hd3a gene is one gene that is associated with the flowering time in rice. Overexpression of Hd3a caused early flowering in rice. This research had an objective to transform genetically Nicotiana benthamiana by Hd3a gene from rice. Genetic transformation was carried out by Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 by co-cultivation method. Putative transgenic shoots were selected by using 30 mg/l hygromycin. The results showed that genetic transformation of N. benthamiana resulted the putative transgenic shoots with high eficiency i.e 86%. Molecular analysis by PCR of putative transgenic plants showed that these plants contained hpt genes responsible for plant resistance to hygromycin. The presence of the hpt gene in the genome of transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana also indicated the presence of Hd3a flowering gene. The shoot of transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana containing Hd3a gene had flower very early, so the Hd3a gene has a role in triggering flowering.
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Judul: Pengukuran Refleksi Akustik Bola Sphere Menggunakan Quantified Fish Finder
Abstrak: Pengukuran nilai echo akustik dari ikan merupakan metode yang penting dalam pendugaan stok ikan. Data estimasi stok ikan yang tepat atau presisi dapat diperoleh dari akurasi instrumen akustik yang sudah dikalibrasi. Salah satu metode untuk mengkalibrasi instrumen akustik adalah dengan mengukur nilai echo dari sebuah target standar, yaitu bola sphere. Tingkat akurasi dari instrumen sonar yang dikalibrasi sangat tergantung pada karakteristik akustik dari target (bola sphere). Pengkalibrasian menggunakan objek bola sphere ini dilakukan pada instrumen akustik CruzPro PcFF88. Bola sphere yang terbuat dari material tungsten carbide dengan ukuran diameter 3 cm diletakkan pada jarak 1 m di bawah transducer CruzPro menggunakan frekuensi 200 kHz. Hasil yang didapatkan berdasarkan pengukuran langsung menunjukkan bahwa nilai target strength dari bola sphere tersebut adalah sebesar -42.5 dB, sedangkan secara empiris nilai target strength bola sphere tersebut adalah sebesar -46 dB.
Keyword: akustik, bola sphere, CruzPro PcFF80