Judul: Kalibrasi alat pengukur kadar air digital untuk produk biji-bijian
Abstrak: Effesiensi pengolahan pertanian adalah sangat perlu dan penting sekali dalam mencari terobosan-terobosan baru atau inovasi dalam setiap tahap pengolahan komoditas pertanian. Pengendalian mutu merupakan suatu tindakan berencana agar segala pelaksanaan proses produksi dapat mencapai tingkatan mutu yang sudah ditetapkan dengan biaya seekonomis mingkin (Hasan, 1976). Selain terobosan-terobosan inovasi pengolahan, peralatan-peralatan pengolahan harus dipelihara dengan baik agar alat-alat ukur yang digunakan dapat dipercaya kebenaran dan ketepatan hasil pengukuran (Soedja'I : 1980; Pusat Pengujian Mutu Barang, 1982)
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Judul: Rancangan prototipe alat pengukur kadar air biji - bijian dengan sensor elektroda berpolaritas berubah
Abstrak: Peningkatan produksi biji-bijian tidak semata-mata tergantung pada peningkatan usaha intensifikasi maupun ektensifikasi, tetapi juga menyangkut masalah pasca panen. Dalam setiap tahapan proses penanganan pasca panen penting untuk diketahui keadaan sifat fisik biji seperti kadar air, kerusakan biji dan keseragaman biji. Kadar air merupakan sifat fisik yang penting diketahui. Metoda pengukuran kadar air secara gravimetri merupakan metoda baku. Waktu yang lama, peralatan yang kurang praktis dan adanya tenggang waktu antara kondisi terukur dan kondisi yang seharusnya diukur merupakan masalah pada metoda gravimetri. Pengukuran kadar air biji dengan sensor elektroda berpolaritas berubah didasarkan pada prinsip resistansi dan kapasitansi. Kandungan air dalam biji merupakan penghantar yang mempunyai hambatan listrik. Efek kapasitansi terjadi karena adanya arus berpolaritas berubah yang dialirkan pada elektroda. Kapasitansi menyebabkan timbulnya reaktansi kapasitip. Resistansi dan reaktansi kapasitip yang bekerja secara paralel merupakan suatu kesatuan fungsional di dalam mendeteksi perubahan kadar air. Dalam studi ini telah dirancang dan dibuat prototipe alat pengukur kadar air biji-bijian dengan sensor elektroda berpolaritas berubah. Prototipe alat terdiri dari unit mekanis pengindera, unit pengolah sinyal dan unit peraga, yang menghasilkan suatu hubungan antara kadar air biji (KA) dengan tegangan keluaran (Te) maupun arus peragaan (A)…dst
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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