Judul: Mempelajari penanganan limbah cair pengolahan sheet (Ribbed smoked sheets) dari PTP XII, Cikasungka dengan perlakuan tribkling filter
Abstrak: Pencemaran air merupakan salah satu dampak negatif dari pertumbuhan sektor industri, antara lain karena limbah cairnya. Oleh karena itu sebelum dibuang ke badan air maka limbah tersebut harus diolah melalui penanganan limbah yang efisien dan efektif. Trickling Filter merupakan salah satu perlakuan pena- nganan limbah cair secara biologis, yaitu dengan memanfaat- kan pertumbuhan mikroorganisme pada media bandingkan dengan perlakuan biologis yang Filter mempunyai beberapa kelebihan. (filter). Di- lain Trickling Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari kualitas limbah cair pengolahan karet alam dan mempelajari pengaruh perlakuan ukuran media, tinggi kolom dan lama sirkulasi pada Trickling Filter terhadap parameter kualitas limbah. Limbah cair pengolahan karet alam kandungan bahan organiknya sangat tinggi sehingga bila langsung dibuang ke badan air akan menimbulkan bau, padatan total tinggi, BOD tinggi dan COD-nya juga tinggi. Hal ini karena terjadi degradasi bahan organik tersebut. Sehingga sangat meng- ganggu lingkungan di sekitarnya. ...
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Judul: IPB (Bogor Agricultural University)
Abstrak: Isu menurunnya kualitas air menjadi semakin kuat dengan meningkatnya jumlah industri yang membuang limbah cair ke perairan tanpa dilakukan pengolahan limbah atau kurang memadainya perlakuan yang seharusnya dilakukan oleh industri. Penelitian kajian pemanfaatan media dan tumbuhan air sebagai pengendali limbah cair, dikenal dengan konsep fitoremediasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) Mengetahui karakteristik tingkat pencemaran perairan sungai Tapung Kiri, (2) melakukan kajian efektivitas pemanfaatan media penyaring dan tumbuhan air lokal dalam mengurangi bahan pencemar dari limbah cair, (3) menyusun teknik pengolahan limbah cair dengan media penyaring dan pemanfaatan tumbuhan air lokal dalam mengurangi bahan pencemar limbah cair. Percobaan dilakukan dalam tiga tahap yang meliputi, persiapan, prapenelitian, dan percobaan utama. Percobaan utama dilakukan dengan rancangan petak terbagi (split plot design). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perairan sungai Tapung Kiri secara umum dari hulu ke hilir tergolong kategori tercemar berat. Kombinasi media aluvial-zeolit mampu menurun kadar bahan pencemar lebih tinggi dari media aluvial yakni 9 parameter mampu menurun kadar bahan pencemar berkisar antara 75-100%, tumbuhan air gabungan Scirpus grossus-Pistia stratiotes (wlingen-kiapu) mampu menurunkan kadar bahan pencemar lebih tinggi dari perlakuan lainnya yakni 11 parameter menurun kadar bahan pencemarnya berkisar antara 75-100%. Teknik pengolah limbah yang terbaik digunakan adalah gabungan media tanah aluvial-zeolit dengan gabungan tumbuhan air Scirpus grossus-Pistia stratiotes, yakni 13 parameter mampu menurun kadar bahan pencemar berkisar antara 75-100%, dan diikuti Echinodorus paleafolius-Pistia stratiotes (11 parameter) serta Limnocharis flava-Pistia stratiotes (11parameter).
Keyword: Wastewater, Filter media, Aquatic plants

Judul: Systematics of Desmos (Annonaceae) in Malesia
Abstrak: Desmos is a woody climbing genus of Annonaceae which has been widely used as traditional medicine in several countries such as China, Indo-China, Thailand, and Peninsular Malaysia to treat dysentery, vertigo, fever, and postpartum. Phylogenetic studies on Desmos showed a close relationship between Desmos and Dasymaschalon. They share similar moniliform monocarpic fruits, but their flowers are different. It has been debated among Annonaceae researchers whether both genera should be treated as the same or distinct genus. Therefore, investigation on the taxonomic delimitation of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon will be necessary. Plastid genome (plastome) identification, leaf epidermal section of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon species, a taxonomic revision of Desmos in Malesia using morphological data, the spatial distribution of Desmos species in Malesia, and morphological and genetic variation in Desmos chinensis population using ISSR marker were used to investigate taxonomic delimitation of Desmos. Plastome study of Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was carried out to determine the origin, evolution, phylogenomics, and identify marker candidates for Desmos and Dasymaschalon or with other genera in Annonaceae. We discovered that the plastome of Desmos chinensis was circular with the size of 167,677 bp (smaller than Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum), consist of 111 genes, including 78 protein-coding genes, 29 transfer RNAs, and 4 ribosomal RNAs. The plastome showed a typical quadripartite structure, i.e., large single copy (LSC), small single copy (SSC), and two inverted repeats (IRs). The plastome of Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was 191,488 bp in length, which also exhibited a typical quadripartite structure (LSC, SSC, and two IRs). Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum showed different copies of accD, ndhD, ndhF, rps18, and ycf2. Protein coding genes of rpoB, rpoC1, rbcL, matK, rpl32, infA, and rpl36 were identified based on nucleotide diversity, sequence variability, and parsimony-informative sites. The genes are defined as molecular marker candidates of plastome for phylogenetic, barcoding, and population genetic research. We predicted that Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum separated at ca. 64 million years ago during the Paleocene. Leaf anatomical feature study was carried to support the taxonomic delimitation of interspecific Desmos and intergeneric of Desmos and Dasymaschalon. Leaf anatomy in the paradermal section of 20 taxa (12 species of Desmos, eight species of Dasymaschalon) have been carried out. According to the leaf epidermal section, Desmos and Dasymaschalon are two distinct genera mainly distinguished based on the anticlinal wall undulation of epidermal cells and supported by variation of the crystal type and size. The anticlinal wall undulation of Desmos was almost straight to slightly wavy and never sinuous; meanwhile, Dasymaschalon varies from almost straight to deeply sinusoid. The crystals of Desmos consist of rhombohedral, druse type A, and druse type B crystals, whereas Dasymaschalon has prism, druse type A, druse type B, and druse type C crystals. The recent taxonomic revision using the morphological data was mainly based on the examination of about 1374 specimens from BO, L, WAN, ANDA, SING, SAN, K, P, HUH herbaria. The Desmos species in Malesia consists of eight species: D. acutus, D. chinensis, D. chryseus, D. dunalii, D. pedunculosus, D. subbiglandulosus, two new records: D. lawii and D. macrocarpus, and one
Keyword: Dasymaschalon, Desmoid clade, Magnoliid, plastid genome, phylogenomics analysis