Judul: Karakteristik Perendaman Energi pada Peredam Energi Tipe Kolam Olakan Datar
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian adalah melihat pengaruh perubahan debit aliran, penambahan ambang. dan perubahan sudut saluran peluncur terhadap : posisi lompatan hidrolik , panjang lompatan hidrolik , kedalaman sub kritisse tela lompatan, dan perubahan rasio energi pada peredam energi tipe kolam olakan datar.
Keyword: 

Judul: Hubungan Antara laju Pergantian Air Kolam Dan beberapa Sifat Fisika Dan Kimia Perairan Di darmaga, Bogor
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Darmaga, Bogor pada tanggal 8 Nopember 1983 sampai 20 Maret 1984. Penelitian dilakukan di 12 kolam yang luasnya masing-masing 200 m² 2 (10 x 20m) dan dalamnya 1 m. Di setiap kolam ditebarkan ikan nila (Tilapia nilotica L.) sebanyak 200 ekor dan dipupuk dengan pupuk TSP sebanyak 0.5 kg/ bulan. Air yang masuk ke dalam kolam berasal dari saluran irigasi yang sebelumnya melewati daerah pertanian dan pemukiman penduduk. Air kolam tidak keluar melalui saluran pengeluaran air. Air kolam berkurang karena merembes dan menguap. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sampai seberapa jauh hubungan antara laju pergantian air kolam (flushing rate) dan beberapa sifat fisika dan kimia air kolam. Sifat fisika dan kimia yang diteliti adalah oksigen terlarut, suhu air, pH, alkalinitas dan kesadahan (hardness). Perhitungan laju pergantian air kolam dilakukan seminggu sekali berdasarkan banyaknya air saluran irigasi yang masuk ke dalam kolam selama seminggu dibagi dengan volume air kolam. Hasil perhitungan memperlihatkan bahwa air kolam rata-rata berganti 1.1 kali dalam seminggu. Oksigen dan suhu air diukur dengan DO Meter. Derajat keasaman (pH) diukur dengan Orion pH Meter. Alkalinitas diukur dengan alat pengukur alkalinitas model AL-DT dan kesadahan diukur dengan alat pengukur kesadahan model HAC-DT. Pengukuran oksigen, suhu air dan pH dilakukan seminggu sekali. Pengukuran alkalinitas dan kesadahan dilakukan sebulan sekali. Kandungan oksigen terlarut rata-rata 6.5 mg/liter. Suhu air kolam rata-rata 26 °C. Derajat keasaman air kolam rata-rata 7.6. Alkalinitas dan kesadahan rata-rata masing-masing 20.8 dan 19.1 mg/liter CaCO3 ek. Hasil analisa regresi dan korelasi memperlihatkan bahwa antara laju pergantian air kolam dan oksigen terlarut, suhu air, pH, alkalinitas dan kesadahan tidak ada hubungan yang nyata. Kisaran pergantian air kolam tidak mempengaruhi sifat fisika dan kimia air kolam tersebut. Ditinjau dari beberapa sifat fisika dan kimia perairan, air kolam di Darmaga kurang layak bagi kehidupan dan perkembangbiakan ikan.
Keyword: 

Judul: Studies on growth spurt and aging in higher primates
Abstrak: single measurement that best defines the health and nutritional status of children, just as it provides an indirect measurement of the quality of life of an entire population. The pattern of human growth reflects the biocultural evolution of our species. The human pattern of growth and development (ontogeny) appears to differ markedly from patterns of ontogeny in other primate species. Three studies are reported here which deal to the growth and development of human and chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). These three studies allow us to contrast the phenomena of adolescence growth spurt and female elderly bone loss in chimpanzee and human as chimpanzee is the closest species to humans within extant nonhuman primates. In the first, a cross-sectional study of growth of the body size and somatotype of 363 Javanese girls and 299 Javanese boys aged 4 to 20 years from Magelang Regency, Indonesia was described. In the second, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in the growth of chimpanzee second metacarpal bone linear dimensions from individuals aged 0 to 43.6 years were used for comparison. While in the third, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in the growth of chimpanzee body size (body mass and anterior trunk length) and second metacarpal bone mineral content were derived. In measuring the second metacarpal dimensions and mineral content, a total of 568 radiographs of chimpanzee's proximodistal left hands were used. They were taken from 68 females and 49 males aged 0 to 43.62 years old. We applied an image analysis system, Scion Image Release Alpha 4.0.3.2 software for Windows to measure bone linear dimensions and bone mineral content. Humans present complex and sinuous growth curves for both body weight and height. A clear growth spurt could be demonstrated by cross-sectional analysis in our girl subjects at around aged 11.5 years and in our boy subjects at around aged 12.5 years. In longitudinal series, not in cross-sectional, several representative chimpanzees of both sexes showed a pre-adult growth spurt on the body sizes, bone dimensions and bone mineral content. They ranged at age 4.5 to 8.5 years. This underscore the fact that adolescent growth spurt in linear dimension was not a universal feature of anthropoid primate ontogeny. Bone loss is a well established characteristic of human female aging. Based on crosssectional analyses the sequential decline of bone mass in female chimpanzee may be said to be genuine. On the other hand, we found in adulthood through elderly, male chimpanzees show a longer plateau than female chimpanzee, that is, bone mineral content is maintained in male.
Keyword: Javanese children, growth spurt, chimpanzee, second metacarpal bone, bone loss, Higher Primates