Judul: Peranakan Ongole Heifer Cattle Production Performance during Recondition with Fermented Feed and Concentrate Feed
Abstrak: Performa sapi dipengaruhi oleh beberapa aspek seperti manajemen pemberian pakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji performa sapi dara Peranakan Ongole (PO) pada masa rekondisi dengan pakan fermentasi sorinfer sebagai substitusi konsentrat terhadap performa produksi sapi dara PO sebelum perkawinan inseminasi buatan. Sapi yang digunakan berupa sapi PO dara betina sebanyak 6 ekor umur 1–2 tahun (I0–I1) dengan rataan bobot awal sebesar 174,17±28,32kg. Penelitian ini menggunakan 2 perlakuan ransum yaitu konsentrat dan sorinfer. Peubah yang diamati berupa suhu dan kelembapan, Temperature Humidity Index (THI), konsumsi ransum as feed, bahan kering (BK), protein kasar (PK), energi (TDN), konversi ransum as feed, BK, pertambahan bobot badan (PBB), bobot akhir serta feed cost per gain (FCG). Data dianalisis kovarian menggunakan Statistical Analysis Software. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsumsi ransum as feed, BK, PK, TDN perlakuan sorinfer nyata lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan dengan perlakuan konsentrat. Akan tetapi nilai konversi as feed, perlakuan konsentrat nyata lebih efisien (P<0,05) dibandingkan dengan perlakuan sorinfer. Sorinfer dapat digunakan sebagai pakan alternatif, meskipun PBB yang diberikan cukup rendah., Cattle performance is affected by several aspect such as feeding management. This study aims to examine the effect of sorinfer silage as concentrate substitution on the production performance of Ongole Crossbreed (PO) heifers during the reconditioning period before artificial insemination mating. The cows used are PO heifers within the age of 1–2 years (I0–I1) female with an average initial weight of 174,17±28,32kg. This study used 2 ration treatments, concentrate and sorinfer. The observed variables included were temperature and humidity, Temperature Humidity Index (THI), consumption of as feed, dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), energy (TDN), conversion of as feed, DM, body weight gain (BWG), final weight and feed cost per gain (FCG). Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance using Statistical Analysis Software. The results showed that the consumption of as feed, CP, DM and TDN in sorinfer were significantly higher (P<0.05) compared to the concentrate. However, the value of as feed conversion in concentrate was significantly more efficient (P<0.05) compared to the sorinfer. Sorinfer can be used as an alternative feed, although the BWG given is quite low.
Keyword: performa produksi, rekondisi, sapi dara PO, sorinfer

Judul: Production Performances of PO Cattle and Local Crossbreed Cattle Fattened Based on Fermented Feed After Short Distance Transportation
Abstrak: Performa produksi sapi pasca transportasi sangat dipengaruhi salah satunya adalah aspek pakan yang berkualitas. Salah satu pakan fermentasi alternatif yang dapat diberikan adalah SORINFER (sorghum indigofera fermentasi). Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi performa produksi sapi PO dan silangan lokal (SL) pada penggemukan berbasis sorinfer. Sapi yang digunakan dalam penelitian berjumlah 7 ekor, terdiri dari 4 ekor sapi PO dengan bobot awal 286,3±37,9 kg dan 3 ekor sapi silangan lokal dengan bobot awal 287,67±4,62 kg. Sapi yang digunakan sapi jantan umur I1-I2 (18-30 bulan). Peubah yang diamati adalah suhu dan kelembapan, themermometer humidity index (THI), konsumsi pakan bahan kering (BK), protein kasar (PK), energi (TDN), pertambahan bobot badan harian (PBBH), konversi ransum dan bobot akhir sapi. Data dianalisis sidik ragam (ANOVA), kemudian diuji bandng dengan uji Tukey. Proses transportasi jarak dekat menghasilkan susut bobot sapi PO 2,01±1,46% dan sapi SL 1,96±3,35% dengan lama recovery sekitar 10 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsumi BK, PK, konversi ransum, PBBH dan bobot akhir sapi PO dan sapi silangan lokal adalah sama. Sorinfer dapat digunakan sebagai pakan alternatif untuk program pemeliharaan penggemukan sapi PO dan Silangan Lokal, meskipun memberikan pertambahan bobot badan harian masih rendah., Good quality of feed is onf of important aspect to maintain catlle post transport. One of the alternative fermented feed that could be given is SORINFER (fermented sorghum indigofera). This study aimed to examine the production performance of PO and local crossbreed cattle fattened with sorinfer feed. The study used 4 heads of PO Cattle bull with initial weight of 286,3±37,9 kg and 18-30 monts of age, 3 heads of local crossbred bull with initial weight of 287,67±4,62 kg 7 as well as 18-30 month of age. The parameters observed were temperature and humidity, THI, consumption of DM, CP, TDN, ADG, ration conversion, and final weight. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA), then tested by Tukey Pairwise Comparisons. The short distance transportation process resulted in weight loss for PO cattle 2,01±1,46% and local crossbreed 1,96±3,35% with a recovery time of about 10 days. The results showed that the consumption of DM, CP, ADG, ration conversion, and final weight of PO cattle and local crossbreed cattle have no difference. Sorinfer can be used as an alternative feed for PO and local crossbreed fattening progams even though it provides low daily body weight gain. Improving the feedlot performance of local cattle based on Sorinfer based could be carried out by addition some concentrate feed.
Keyword: performance production, local crossbreed cattle, PO cattle, sorinfer

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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