Judul: Desorpsi Logam Pb dari Kerang Darah (Anadara granosa) Menggunakan Ekstrak Air dan Pektin Kulit Pisang Kepok (Musa paradisiaca)
Abstrak: Lead pollutant on foodstuffs such as in meat blood cockle must be solved because lead is carcinogenic. Efforts for foodstuff safety from various pollutants must be supported. The objectives of this research were utilizing water extract and pectin solution from waste of kepok peels (Musa paradisiaca) as the medium for desorption lead from blood cockle (Anadara granosa). Water extract was obtained by destructing kepok peels with water (1:3). Pectin was obtained by extracting kepok peels using water at pH 2, temperature 90 °C for 1 hour, and precipitated the dissolved pectin by adding 96% ethanol. The pectin yield was 3% (b/b) with loss on drying 13.9%, ash content 4.2%, equivalent weight 1755 g/eq, methoxyl 1.40%, galacturonic acid 18%, and degree of esterification 44%. The ability of 0.20% pectin solution for desorption lead from sample was 51%, which was lower than that by using water extract of 58%.
Keyword: pectin, kepok peels, desorption of Pb, blood cockle

Judul: Desorpsi timbal pada kerang darah (Anadara granosa) menggunakan ekstrak air kulit jeruk siam dan pektinnya
Abstrak: Kerang darah (Anadara granosa) dari beberapa perairan dilaporkan memiliki kadar timbal (Pb) di atas ambang batas yang ditetapkan oleh Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Pada penelitian ini, kadar Pb dalam kerang darah dikurangi menggunakan ekstrak air kulit jeruk siam dan pektinnya. Ekstrak air diperoleh dengan menghancurkan kulit jeruk siam yang ditambahkan air (1:3). Rektin diekstraksi menggunakan HCl 0.1 N pada pH 1.5, suhu 95 °C selama 40 menit. Rendemen pektin yang dihasilkan 10.18%, bobot ekivalen 1180.45 g/ek, Kadar metoksil 6.52% (b/b), kadar asam galakturonat 57.65% (b/b), dan derajat Sterifikasi 64.24% (b/b). Sampel kerang darah yang diambil dari Pasar Anyar Bogor memiliki kadar Pb di bawah ambang batas SNI. Daging kerang darah direndam dalam larutan Pb agar kadar Pb sebelum dan sesudah desorpsi dapat diukur. Proses desorpsi dilakukan dengan merendam daging kerang dalam ekstrak air kulit jeruk siam dan dalam larutan pektin 0.2% selama 60 menit. Ekstrak air kulit jeruk siam menurunkan kadar Pb sebesar 46%, sedangkan larutan pektin menurunkan kadar Pb sebesar 48%...
Keyword: Anadara granosa, Desoption, Lead, Pectin, Siam orange peel

Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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