Judul: Pengaruh provenan dan waktu pemotongan pucuk terhadap jumlah dan pertumbuhan tunas lateral Mangium (Acacia mangium Willd)
Abstrak: The increase of Indonesian citizen is in horizontal comparison with the needs of pulp and paper basic materials. Based on this, the government through the Department of Forestry plans to develop Industrial Plant Forest (HTI) as wide as 5,8 million Ha until the end of 2009. But, it has not been realized which make the basic materials of pulp and paper can not be achieved. So, the best alternative is how the current HTI owners focus on the increase of the production by selecting wood types that can grow on unfertile land, fast growing species, and also have the qualities as pulp basic material. Mangium is one of the wood types which has been developed widely to fulfill the needs of paper basic materials because it has very good cellulose and hemicelullose contents. Beside that, it is also a fast growing species, and can grow on unfertile land. Even though it meets all the conditions, its fulfillness as pulp basic material is still considered low because the production can not be compared withpaper needs. Therefore, one of the alternatives to increase the production is by manipulating the growth since it is still a seed to produce two or more main stalks from a single tree. The most effective way is by cutting its leaf tip since it is still a seed. So a new stem will emerge from the side (armpit bud) which when it is mature it will have better qualities (diameter and height) compared with trees that has one main stalk. The purpose of this research is to find out the effects of the cutting of leaf tip and provenant to the forming of more than one main stalks. The research was conducted in Silviculture Lab for 3 months (December – March). Tools and materials that were used were polytube, scissors, hand spray, sprout tray, digital camera, PNG origin Group A Suaran Region KBUK F2 Origin Provenance, PNG origin Group b Suaran Region KBUK F2 Origin Provenance, QLD origin Group D Suaran Region KBUK F2 Origin Provenance, Parung Panjang Bogor BKPH origin, sand, dirt, hull charcoal, and compos. Work stage began by Mangium sprouting for two weeks which later on moving seed to polibag according to provenance treatments. Cutting stage was conducted after one month of moving seed to polybag (to cut the real leaf). Observation was conducted for 5 weeks after the cutting. The observed parameters were bud amount, bud growth speed, and total bud height. After the observation and various investigations analysis result it is known that cutting time treatment factor has real effects on the observed parameters (bud amount, bud growth speed, and total bud height). Based on Duncan further test results, it is known that the best cutting time treatment shown by the real leaf cutting time. The result conclude that produced average bud amount for real leaf cutting is 1,8 and fake cutting leaf is 1,08. While, bud growth speed parameter from the real leaf cutting treatment is divided by two, the first result of average of bud growth speed is 5 days and the
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Judul: Evaluasi percobaan provenansi Acacia mangium Willd di areal PT. Inhutani IV, Padang Sidempuan Sumatera Utara
Abstrak: Acacia mangium adalah salah satu jenis tanaman cepat tumbuh yang banyak digunakan dalam pembangunan Hutan Tanaman Industri. Jenis ini tidak membutuhkan persyaratan hidup yang tinggi sehingga mampu tumbuh dengan baik pada lahan yang tidak subur, lahan alang-alang, dan areal bekas tebangan. Sebelum dilakukan penanaman A.mangium dalam skala besar maka terlebih dahulu dilakukan uji provenansi untuk memilih yang terbaik diantara ras atau ekotipa- ekotipa yang hidup secara alami yang tumbuh pada keadaan lingkungan yang bersamaan dengan keadaan lingkungan dari tempat dimana jenis yang bersangkutan akan ditanam (Soerianegara dan Djamhuri, 1979). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pertumbuhan awal 18 provenans A. mangium pada umur 28 bulan di areal PT. Inhutani IV, Padang Sidempuan, Sumatera Utara dari bulan Pebruari sampai dengan Maret 1997. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok dengan penarikan anak contoh. Percobaan ini terdiri dari 5 ulangan (blok) dan 18 perlakuan (provenans). Dengan demikian percobaan ini terdiri dari 90 plot. Dalam 1 plot terdapat 49 pohon (7X7 baris pohon) dengan jarak tanam 3X3 meter. Pohon yang diukur dan diamati adalah pohon yang ditengah (3X3 baris pohon). Peubah pertumbuhan yang diukur dan diamati adalah persen hidup, diameter batang setinggi dada (1,3 meter), tinggi total pohon, volume pohon, derajat kerusakan pohon akibat serangan hama penyakit, dan jumlah batang perpohon. Jika provenans menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata terhadap peubah yang diukur maka dilakukan uji jarak nyata terkecil (LSR) Duncan (Steel dan Torrie, 1991). Hasil sidik ragam menunjukkan bahwa provenans tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap persen hidup tanaman, derajat kerusakan pohon akibat serangan hama penyakit, dan jumlah batang per pohon. Kemampuan hidup tanaman sangat...
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Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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