Judul: The effect of sonication time and amplitudo of ultrasonik waves to suspension stability and quality of green beans juice
Abstrak: Green bean juice drinks that already existed has several constraints due to its low stability so it is need shakes before consumed. To get the green bean juice with a good suspension stability, it can be done by adding additional ingredients to enhance stability or to decrease the size of particles to slow the rate of precipitation. Sonication is a method of solving the material into nano-sized particles using ultrasonic waves, while the use of stabilizer CMC aims to improve the viscosity and slow down the precipitation process so as to produce a stable suspension. Preliminary research done by analysis of the proximate content, production of the green bean juice and the determination of stabilizer concentration and materials. The main research done by sonication in green bean juice with a variation of 20, 40, and 60 minutes with an ultrasonic wave amplitudo by 20%, 30%, and 40%, test of green bean juice, test the stability suspense, test the size particle and organoleptic tests. Based on the research results, which have been sonicated protein levels ranged between 0.23% -0.32%, fat content of 0.64% -1.6%, total solids 9.6% -14.91%. pH 6.56 to 6.64, viscosity 26.67-44.03 Cp, and total dissolved solids from 8.75 to 9°Brix. Based on the acceptance parameter of 20 panelists expressed juice color ranges from 4.60-5.45 of green beans as well as states like flavour ranges from 3.31-5.75 whereas 3.55-5.05 ranged to taste like. For all microbial tests showed a negative value. Based on the analysis range of the level of 1%, sonication time gave tangible effect on the value of viscosity, flavour, taste, and color of green been juice. Sonication treatment for 60 minutes with an ultrasonik wave amplitudo by 40% was found effective to improve the stability of the suspension of the green bean juice, can be seen from the diameter of the particle size of the average 657 nm by using a test particle size analyzer.
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Judul: Optimasi Waktu Sonikasi dan Amplitudo Gelombang Ultrasonik Untuk Menghasilkan Stabilitas Emulsi Santan Kelapa Terbaik
Abstrak: Preserved coconut milk nowadays is more and more used by people for reasons of practicality. One effort that can be used to stabilize the coconut milk emulsion is particle size reduction methods of coconut milk with sonication. Sonication is a method of reducing the materials into nano-sized particles using ultrasonic waves. The factors which observed in this study was the sonication time and amplitude of the ultrasonic waves. This research is aimed to get the sonication time and the amplitude of ultrasonic waves which produced minimum particle size (nano size) and the best stability emulsion of coconut milk. The condition optimum that produce desirability value was about 0.895. Correlation at this points, the optimum sonication time was 49.14 minutes and the optimum amplitude was 41.28%, particle size on the optimum condition was 184.23 nm and stability of the emulsion was 100%.
Keyword: ultrasonic waves amplitude,, Response Surface Method (RSM), sonication time, particle size, coconut milk

Judul: Biologi Troides helena helena dan Troides helena hephaestus (Papilionidae) di Penangkaran
Abstrak: Indonesia adalah negara kepulauan beriklim tropik dengan berbagai tipe habitat dan ekosistem. Kondisi alam Indonesia merupakan habitat yang cocok bagi berbagai fauna termasuk kupu-kupu. Diperkirakan sekitar 4 000 – 5 000 jenis kupu-kupu terdapat di Indonesia. Troides helena merupakan salah satu kupu-kupu yang memiliki kombinasi warna sayap indah dan berukuran besar, sehingga menarik perhatian kolektor kupu-kupu. T. helena termasuk satwa yang diperdagangkan dan telah memasukkan devisa dari subsektor kehutanan Indonesia. Untuk mencegah dari kepunahan karena eksploitasi yang berlebihan, maka pemerintah melindungi T. helena melalui PP No. 7 Tahun 1999. Semua genus Troides masuk dalam daftar Appendix II CITES, sehingga perdagangan jenis ini harus merupakan hasil budi daya di penangkaran.
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