Judul: GDFP and GMiP on Dairy Cattle Farms on a Scale of 10 Heads Dairy Cows Lactation in the Farm Business Area of Bogor Dictrict
Abstrak: Sapi perah merupakan sapi penghasil susu. Sapi perah yang banyak dijumpai di Indonesia merupakan sapi perah bangsa Friesian Holstein (FH). Keberhasilan dalam beternak sapi perah erat kaitannya dengan manajemen pemeliharaan juga manajemen pemerahan yang dilakukan oleh peternak. Penelitian ini mengethaui penerapan Good Dairy Farming Practice (GDFP) dan Good Milking Practice (GMiP) di Kawasana Usaha Peternakan (KUNAK) Kabupaten Bogor. Penerapan GDFP meliputi aspek pembibitan dan reproduksi, pakan dan air minum, pengelolaan, kandang dan peralatan, kesehatan ternak serta aspek kesejahteraan ternak. Penerapan GMiP meliputi aspek sebelum, saat, setelah pemerahan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mewawancarai 30 peternak dalam 14 peternakan dengan populasi sapi perah 10 ekor betina laktasi. Data dianalisis deskriptif dan disimpulkan sesuai poin-poin yang telah diberi skor 4,3,2,1,0. Aspek GDFP yang sudah diterapkan dengan baik yaitu aspek pembibitan dan repoduksi, manajemen pakan dan air minum serta kesejahteraan hewan. Aspek GMiP yang sudah diterapkan cukup baik yaitu pada proses sebelum dan setelah pemerahan. Rata-rata produksi susu di peternakan KUNAK Kabupaten Bogor sebesar 10,9 L., Dairy cows are cows that produce milk. Friesian Holstein (FH) is on of the dairy cows that are found in Indonesia. Success in raising dairy cows is closely related to husbandry and milking management conducted by farmers. This study evaluated the application of Good Dairy Farming Practice (GDFP) and Good Milking Practice (GMiP) in the Farm Business Area of Bogor District. GDFP implementation includes aspects of breeding and reproduction, feed and drinking water management, management, housing and equipment, animal health also animal welfare. GMiP implementation includes before, during, and after milking. The study was conducted by interviewing 30 farmers in 14 farms with a population of 10 heads lactating dairy cows. Data were analyzed descriptively and summarized accordance of points that have been given a score of 4,3,2,1,0. GDFP aspects that have been implemented well that aspects of breeding and reproduction, aspects of feed and drinking water management, and aspect of animal welfare. GMiP aspects that have been implemented is good enough in the process before and after milking. Milk production averge in KUNAK farm of Bogor District was 10,9 L.
Keyword: dairy cows, descriptive analysis, GDFP, GMiP

Judul: Dairy Cow Milk Production and Quality Based on Good Dairy Farming Practice and Good Milking Practice at Pondok Ranggon
Abstrak: Pengembangan usaha peternakan sapi perah dapat dilakukan melalui penerapan standardisasi tatalaksana Good Dairy Farming Practice (GDFP) dan Good Milking Practice (GMiP). Oleh karena itu tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengevaluasi dan memperbaiki aspek teknis melalui pedoman GDFP yaitu pembibitan dan reproduksi, pakan dan air minum, pengelolaan, kandang dan peralatan, kesehatan hewan, serta kesejahteraan hewan dan melalui pedoman GMiP yaitu faktor sebelum pemerahan, saat pemerahan, dan setelah pemerahan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode pengamatan secara langsung dan wawancara terhadap para peternak. Hasil evaluasi aspek teknis yang dibandingkan dengan nilai rata-rata pelaksanaan GDFP dan GMiP di peternakan Pondok Ranggon menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan aspek teknis GDFP termasuk dalam kategori baik yaitu 3,37±0,53 sedangkan aspek teknis GMiP dalam kategori sudah cukup baik yaitu 2,93±0,59. Hal ini diikuti dengan rataan produksi susu di kawasan Pondok Ranggon yang sudah cukup baik 9,19 L ekorˉ¹ hariˉ¹ dengan kualitas susu yang baik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitan ini pelaksanaan aspek teknis pemeliharaan sapi perah berdasarkan standar GDFP dan GMiP pada peternakan rakyat Pondok Ranggon perlu ditingkatkan lagi agar produksi dan kualitas susu yang dihasilkan lebih baik., Dairy farming business development can be done through the application of standardized procedures for Good Dairy Farming Practice (GDFP) and Good Milking Practice (GMiP). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate and improve technical aspects through GDFP guidelines, namely breeding and reproduction, feed and drinking water, management, cages and equipment, animal health, and animal welfare, and through GMiP guidelines, namely factors before milking, during milking, and after milking. The research was conducted by doing direct observation and interviews with farmers. The results of the evaluation of the technical aspects which were compared with the average value of the implementation of GDFP and GMiP at Pondok Ranggon farms showed that the implementation of the technical aspects of GDFP was categorized as good category, the score was 3.37±0.53, while the technical aspects of GMiP were categorized as adequate with the score was 2.93 ±0.59. The average milk production in the Pondok Ranggon area was adequate at 9.19 L head ˉ¹ dayˉ¹ with good milk quality. Based on the results it is concluded that the implementation of the technical aspects of raising dairy cows based on the GDFP and GMiP standards on the Pondok Ranggon people's farm should be improved.
Keyword: breeders, dairy cow, GDFP, GMiP, milk

Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4