Judul: Pengembangan Perikanan Tangkap Berbasis Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF) di Perairan Ternate Provinsi Maluku Utara
Abstrak: People living around forests have dependency on varieties of flora, as shown by the people of Sungai Wain Protected Forest. The utilization of flora diversity by local people will effect the sustainability of forest natural resources. This research aimed to study the knowledge status of people on flora diversity, to determine flora use value, to determine flora for conservation priority and to arrange the strategy of flora diversity conservation. Methods used were exploration survey method and partisipative observation. The result shown there were 305 species, 224 genus, and 90 family of flora known by local people. Species with highest value was ulin (Eusideroxylon zwagery T.&B.). Species for conservation priority were ulin, bangkirai (Shorea laevis Ridl.), meranti (Shorea spp), lai (Durio kutejetzsis Becc.), pasak bumi (Ezrrycoma longi!olia Jack), nibung (Oncospernza tigilarium Ridl.), akar kuning (Coscinium spp), anggrek hitam (Coelogyne spp), kantong semar (Nephenthes spp), gaharu (Aquilaria microcarpa Baill.), kayu pait-pait (Quasia indica Nmt.), tabat barito (Ficus deltoidea Jack) dan rotan (Calamus spp). Conservation strategies should be conducted are implementations of three main cores of conservation activities, which are save it, study it and use it. The conclusion is that people already has knowledge and highly interacted with flora diversity in which needed proper conservation strategies directed to ensure its sustainability.
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Judul: Capture Fisheries Development based on Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF) in Temate Waters, North Maluku Province
Abstrak: This research was conducted in Temate Waters which is located in Fisheries Management Zone or WPP 715 (Maluku Sea, Gulf of Tomini, and Ceram Sea). The level of exploitation on fish resources in this area is just reached to about 41.83%. However, based on field observation the illegal fishing such as cyanide fishing and bombing are still being reported. Consequently the management activities should be carried out as early as possible as a precautionary approach. To assure a sustainable capture fisheries in this management area, a study based on Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF) criteria is needed. This study was aimed to set a strategy of capture fisheries development in CCRFbased through: (1) identifying CCRF-based criteria for fishing units, (2) determining fishing units which are supporting the CCRF's criteria, (3) determining an optimal allocation of fishing units to be developed. The research· was conducted using survey method. Scoring method and goal prograrnmingare among the methods of analysis applied. The result of analysis shows that the strategy of capture fisheries development in CCRF-based in Temate waters can be conducted through identification of CCRF-based criteria for fishing units, determination of fishing units which are supporting the CCRF's criteria, and determination of an optimal allocation of fishing units to be developed. The development should be implemented by considering the capture fisheries in Temate as a complex system so its development has to be conducted integratedly. Seven aspects can be used to determine a CCRF-based fishing unit are: the biology, technology, economic, social, environment, post harvest, and legal aspects. Most of the fishing units operating in the area are still fulfilling the CCRF criteria. They in ranking order, subsequently are: the pole and line, purse seine, lift net, and drift gillnet as pelagic gears, and the handline, trap, set gillnet, and muroami as demersal gears. The optimal allocation of fishing units suggested to be developed in the research area are: the pole and line 39 units and purse seine 68 units for the pelagic fisheries; and the handline 186 units for the demersal fisheries
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Judul: Solusi Geometri Schwarzschild untuk Dimensi 4+1 dengan Invarian Rotasi Isotropik.
Abstrak: Metrik Schwarzschild merupakan solusi eksak pertama dari persamaan medan Einstein dengan mangasumsikan metrik statik dan simetris. Metrik Schwarzschild yang ditemukan oleh Karl Schwarzschild masih dalam dimensi 3+1, namun seiring dengan teori-teori terbaru yang menunjukkan bahwa alam semesta tidak hanya di dimensi 3+1. Maka melalui penambahan dimensi, tujuan penelitian ini memperoleh solusi pada geometri Schwarzschild untuk dimensi 4+1 dengan memodifikasi koordinat bola yang invarian rotasi isotropik dan melalui penurunan rumus seperti koordinat bola, simbol Christoffel, dan tensor Ricci. Selain mendapatkan solusi ini, metrik Schwarzschild dimensi 4+1 dapat digunakan sebagai metrik dasar untuk memperoleh solusi blackhole dan wormhole pada dimensi 4+1. Hasil akhirnya, dengan memanfaatkan modifikasi koordinat bola, metrik Schwarzschild dapat dibentuk sehingga diperoleh solusi geometri Schwarzschild untuk dimensi 4+1.
Keyword: metrik Schwarzschild, persamaan medan Einstein, modifikasi koordinat bola, penambahan dimensi, invarian rotasi isotropik