Judul: The Use of Jack Bean (Canavalia ensiformis L.) in Feed and its Effect on Carcass Percentage, Non-Carcass Percentage, and Immune Organs in Broiler Chickens
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh pemberian ransum dengan kacang koro pedang terhadap persentase bobot karkas, non karkas, dan organ imunitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan ayam broiler betina CP dengan total 250 ekor. Ayam dibagi menjadi 4 perlakuan yang terdiri 6 kali ulangan, yaitu P0: Pakan komersial, P1: Pakan kontrol, P2 : Pakan dengan penggunaan 5% kacang koro pedang, P3 : Pakan dengan penggunaan 10% kacang koro pedang. Parameter yang diukur adalah persentase karkas, persentase non karkas, dan organ imunitas ayam broiler. Data dianalisis dengan analysis of variance (ANOVA), jika hasil berpengaruh nyata, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan penambahan kacang koro pedang dalam substisusi bungkil kedelai dalam pakan tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap persentase karkas, kepala, kaki, organ imunitas, bursa fabrisius, timus, dan limpa ayam broiler. Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian pakan 10% kacang koro pedang olahan dapat mensubtitusi penggunaan bungkil kedelai dalam pakan ayam broiler dan memberikan hasil yang baik pada persentase karkas, kepala, kaki, bursa fabrisius, timus, dan limpa., This research aimed to analyze the effect of feeding a feed with jack bean on the percentage of carcass weight, non-carcass weight, and immune organs in broiler chickens. The study used 250 female CP 707 broiler chickens. There were 4 treatments with 6 replications: P0 - Commercial feed, P1 - Control feed, P2 - feed with 5% processed jack bean meal, and P3 - feed with 10% processed jack bean meal. The measured parameters included carcass percentage, non-carcass percentage, and broiler chicken immune organs. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and if the analysis results were statistically significant, Duncan's test was conducted. The analysis of variance showed that the addition of jack bean in soybean meal substitution did not have a significant effect (P>0.05) on the carcass percentage, head percentage of broiler chickens, leg percentage, immune organ weight percentage, bursa of fabrisius weight percentage, thymus weight percentage, and average lymph weight percentage. However, feeding with 10 processed jack bean yielded favorable results.
Keyword: carcass, immune organ, jack bean, non carcass

Judul: The Impact of Enzyme Addition on the Physical, Chemical, and Biological Value of Peeled Jack Bean Meal (Canavalia Ensiformis L.)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan menginvestigasi pengaruh pengolahan dan penambahan enzim protease dan enzim polisakarida non pati (NSP) terhadap karakteristik fisik, komposisi kimia, energi dan protein metabolis kacang koro tanpa kulit. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Sebanyak 20 ekor ayam digunakan dalam penelitian ini, terdiri dari 16 ekor untuk mengukur energi dan protein metabolis dan 4 ekor untuk mengukur energi endogen. Perlakuan terdiri dari P0 (kacang koro tanpa kulit), P1 (P0 + enzim protease), P2 (P0 + enzim NSP), dan P3 (P0 + enzim protease + enzim NSP). Hasil analisis menunjukkan penambahan enzim protease dan NSP pada kacang koro berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap karakteristik fisik, komposisi kimia, dan energi metabolis. Hal ini dikarenakan enzim protease dapat memecah protein menjadi peptida sehingga lebih mudah untuk diserap oleh hewan dan enzim NSP dapat memecah polisakarida non-pati sehingga dapat meningkatkan densitas pakan. Simpulannya, penambahan enzim protease dan NSP pada kacang koro tanpa kulit dapat meningkatkan energi metabolis, menjadikannya sebagai bahan pakan sumber protein alternatif yang menjanjikan untuk ayam broiler., The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of processing, including the addition of protease enzymes and non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) on the physical characteristics, chemical composition, metabolizable energy and protein of peeled jack bean meal. The study employed a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replications. A total of 20 animals were used in this study, including 16 for measuring metabolizable energy and protein and 4 broiler chickens to measure endogenous. The treatments consisted of P0 (peeled jack bean meal), P1 (P0 + protease enzymes), P2 (P0+ NSP enzymes), and P3 (P0+ protease enzyme + NSP enzyme). The results of the analysis showed that the addition of protease and NSP enzymes to the peeled jack bean meal had a significant (P<0.05) effect on chemical composition, physical characteristics, and metabolizable energy. This was because protease enzyme specifically broke down proteins into smaller peptides, making them more accessible for absorption by the animals and NSP enzymes broke down non-starch polysaccharides which increased the bulk density of the feed. In conclusion, the addition of protease and NSP enzymes to the peeled jack bean meal increase metabolizable energy and making it a promising alternative protein source for broiler chickens
Keyword: metabolic energy, NSP enzyme, Peeled jack bean meal, physical characteristics, protease enzyme, protein digestibility

Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4