Judul: Biologi Parasitoid Brachymeria lasus Walker (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) pada Ulat Penggulung Daun Pisang Erionota thrax Linnaeus (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae)
Abstrak: This research was conducted to study some biological aspects of parasitoid, Brachymeria lasus , such as the life cycle, morphology , and the behavior. Research was carried out in The Laboratory of Parasitoid and Predator Biology, Department of Plant Protection, Bogor Agricultural University. Pupae of Erionota thrax parasitized by B. lasus were collected from the field and then were maintained in plastic containers until the emergence of parasitoid adults. Mated females of B. lasus were kept in a test tube (20 cm long, 3 cm in diameter), and then were provided with 1-day-old pupae of E. thrax to be parasitized. Parasitized pupae of E. thrax then were moved to another test tube and were used for observation of the parasitoid biology. The morphological features of the parasitoid larvae and pupae were observed by dissecting parasitized pupae every day starting on the second day after parasitization. To observe the life cycle of the parasitoid, parasitized pupae of E. thrax were maintained in test tubes until the eclosion of parasitoid adults. In general, adults of B. lasus (females and males) were black in color with the body size was less than 6 mm, and were characterized with the large femur of the hind legs. B. lasus have hymenopteriform eggs, hymenopteriform larvae, and exarate type pupae. The life cycle of B. lasus ranged 13-14 days. Adults of B. lasus mostly emerged in the morning within 07:00 - 11:00 hours
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Judul: Biologi Reproduksi Brachymeria Lasus Walker (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) pada Ulat Penggulung Daun Pisang Erionota Thrax Linnaeus (Lepidoptera:Hesperiidae)
Abstrak: The objective of this research was to obtain information on the life span and some reproduction characteristics of Brachymeria lasus adults, including number of offsprings produced by a single parasitoid, sex ratio, and the most suitable host pupal age for parasitoid development. The research was carried out in The Laboratory of Biological Control, Department of Plant Protection, Bogor Agricultural University. Parasitoids B. lasus were obtained by collecting pupae of Erionota thrax parasitized by B. lasus from the field, and then were kept in plastic containers in the laboratory. Rearing of B. lasus was conducted by putting a copulated female of parasitoid in a test tube provided with fresh pupae of E. thrax to be parasitized, and fed with 10% honey solution. Effect of food and host (no food no host, with water no host, with 10% honey no host, and with 10% honey with host) on the life span of parasitoid adults was observed. To observe the total number of offsprings, a copulated female was provided with fresh host pupae (one pupa or two daily as needed) every day until the parasitoid died. To find the suitable host pupal ages for parasitoid development, a different age of host i. e. prepupae, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 day-old pupae, each was exposed to a different copulated parasitoid female for 18 hours. Effect of three different sizes of host pupae (small, medium, and large) on the parasitoid offspring production was also observed. Females of B. lasus provided with 10% honey solution as food with or without pupae as host could live longer (12-17 days and 10-13 days, respectively) compared to those without food or fed with water only which could live for only 3 days. Number of offsprings produced by a female of B. lasus ranged 71-126, with the average of 98.2. Parasitoid B. lasus could develop successfully in 1-3 day-old host pupae. The parasitoid could parasitize prepupae and pupae older than 5 days but the parasitoids could not complete their develpoment. The host pupal size affected the number and the sex ratio of parasitoids emerging from a single host pupae.
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Judul: Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Permintaan Impor Kopi oleh Jepang.
Abstrak: Jepang merupakan negara dengan tingkat konsumsi kopi keempat tertinggi di dunia. Volume impor kopi Jepang pada tahun 2019 mencapai 470 ribu ton. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara eksportir kopi terbesar ke Jepang, namun dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir mengalami penurunan volume ekspor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kondisi pasar kopi Jepang serta menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi impor kopi oleh Jepang. Penelitian menggunakan data panel periode 2005-2018 dari sepuluh negara. Variabel independen yang digunakan berupa GDP riil per kapita Jepang, nilai tukar dolar AS terhadap yen Jepang, total konsumsi kopi Jepang, dan harga impor kopi oleh Jepang. Metode kuantitatif menggunakan analisis regresi, sedangkan metode kualitatif menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Mayoritas konsumen kopi di Jepang memiliki rentang umur 40-59, dengan jenis kopi yang disukai adalah kopi instan, dan dikonsumsi di rumah. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa nilai tukar dolar AS terhadap yen Jepang berpengaruh signifikan dan memiliki hubungan negatif terhadap permintaan impor kopi oleh Jepang.
Keyword: Coffee market, import demand, Japan, panel data