Judul: Evaluasi Penerapan Good Farming Practice pada Peternakan Rakyat dan Perusahaan Peternakan di Lampung Tengah
Abstrak: Sapi potong merupakan ternak penghasil daging yang berperan penting dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan protein hewani. Kabupaten Lampung Tengah memiliki potensi pengembangan sapi potong. Potensi tersebut semakin meningkat saat peternak rakyat dan perusahaan peternakan sapi potong melaksanakan budidaya yang baik sehingga diperlukan pedoman beternak yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi penerapan Good Farming Practice (GFP) pada peternakan rakyat dan perusahaan peternakan di Lampung Tengah serta dampaknya terhadap produktivitas sapi potong. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Peubah yang diamati meliputi pembibitan dan reproduksi, pakan, pengelolaan, kandang dan peralatan, serta kesejahteraan ternak. Hasil evaluasi penerapan GFP menunjukkan nilai rataan 2,74 (cukup baik) untuk peternakan rakyat dan 3,90 (baik) untuk perusahaan peternakan. Perlu adanya peningkatan pada beberapa aspek agar nilai GFP meningkat., Cattle are important livestock for providing meat and fulfilling the need for animal protein. Central lampung district has potential for beef cattle development. Such potential is improved when native farmer and cattle farm company perform good farming practice so that good raising guidelines are needed. The study aims to evaluate the application of Good Farming Practice (GFP) on native farmer and cattle farm company and its effect on the productivity of the cattle. This method of research uses descriptive analysis. Observed hatchlings include breeding and reproduction, food, management, housing and equipment, and the animal welfare. The results of the evaluation of the implementation of GFP showed an average value of 2.74 (good enough) for the native farmer and 3.90 (good) for the cattle farm company. Improvements are needed in several aspects so the value of GFP could increase.
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Judul: Evaluation of Good Farming Practice in Beef Cattle Breeding and Breedfat in Astomulyo Village, Central Lampung
Abstrak: Kelompok peternakan pembiakan dan penggemukan sapi yang memiliki kepemilikan ≥100 ekor diperlukan pengelolaan yang profesional berdasarkan pedoman good farming practice guna mencapai produktivitas yang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengevaluasi kesesuaian pemeliharaan peternakan sapi breeding serta breedfat dengan standar good farming practice pada usaha peternakan rakyat desa Astomulyo, Kecamatan Punggur, Lampung Tengah. Kuesioner disusun berdasarkan Permentan 46/2015 meliputi aspek pembibitan dan reproduksi, pakan, pengelolaan, kandang dan peralatan, serta kesejahteraan ternak. Penilaian secara kualitatif dilakukan melalui metode observasi dan wawancara kepada 50 peternak di desa Astomulyo menggunakan rubrik penilaian berdasarkan aspek GFP dan dianalisis deskriptif menggunakan metode rating scale. Penerapan GFP di kedua jenis usaha (breeding dan breedfat) mendapatkan kategori kurang (>55%-75%), dengan skor performa terendah pada aspek pengelolaan (0,33/0,8) serta pembibitan dan reproduksi (0,35-0,42/0,8). Nilai performa GFP pada peternakan gabungan/breedfat lebih baik dari peternakan breeding, dengan persentase skor performa GFP berturut-turut 59,20% dan 58,07%., Commercial beef cattle farms over 100 heads, require professional management following good farming practices to achieve optimum productivity. Require professional management based on good farming practice guidelines to achieve optimal productivity. This study aims to assess whether the Good Farming Practice standard is suitable for smallholder farming businesses in Astomulyo Village, Punggur District, Central Lampung Regency. The study used a questionnaire based on Minister of Agriculture Number 46 of 2015 to evaluate aspects of breeding and reproduction, feed, management, cages and equipment, and animal welfare. The assessment was carried out through observation and interviews with 50 farmers and analyzed descriptively. The application of Good Farming Practices in both types of business (breeding and breedfat) was poor category (> 55%-75%), with the lowest performance score in the aspect of management (0.33/0.8), breeding and reproduction (0.35-0.42/0.8). However, the performance scores on combined/breedfat (breeding and fattening) farms (59.20%) were better than on breeding farms (58.07%).
Keyword: Breeding, Fattening, Good Farming Practice

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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