Judul: Management  model  for  sustainable  settlement areas  in  the  upper  stream  of  Ciliwung  Watershed,  Bogor  District
Abstrak: The upper stream of Ciliwung watershed lies in Bogor District, has an important function for the surrounding areas, which regulated or managed water supply, whether floods or drought in the middle and the down stream. Ecological function as providers of ecosystem services have been degraded. This is becaused the rapid expansion and to be less controlled of settlement areas development. Settlement areas have occupied among cultivated area, protected area and riparian zone of Ciliwung river. The objective of this research is to analyse and evaluate land suitability for settlement areas; to analyse sustainability status of settlement areas; to analyse condition of institution that related with settlement areas and to design model for settlement areas management in upper stream of Ciliwung watershed. The research method used Geografic Information System (GIS) technique for analysing land suitability for settlement areas, evaluating land suitability for settlement areas with Bogor District Spatial Planning (RTRW) at 2000-2010 and 2005-2025, and also with land cover in 2006. Multi Dimentional Scaling (MDS) technique is used to analyse sustainability status of settlement areas. While Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) is used to analyse condition of institution that related with settlement areas. Model for managing settlement areas are designed with dynamic system approach for 20 years simulation. The research result showed that land suitability for settlement areas just only 19,89% of upper streams of Ciliwung watershed areas. Bogor District Spatial Planning (RTRW) was not fully implemented, 51,14% existing settlement areas were unfit with the location of RTRW. Sustainability status of settlement showed that settlement areas in Upper stream of Ciliwung watershed are less sustainable. Index of sustainability status of settlement areas are 41,16. Institutional analyses showed that coordination, consistency and community participation were key elements that rising up the settlement areas management in the upper stream of Ciliwung watershed. The dynamic model offered 5 scenarios to manage settlement areas at upper stream of Ciliwung watershed, theirs were: Without intervention (TI); population control (PP), public empowerment(PM), strengthening institutional of government (PK) and collaboration between government and community (KPM). The most effective scenario to manage sustainable settlement areas in the upper stream of Ciliwung watershed is KPM. Scenario KPM was implemented into 6 policies.
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Judul: Policy development of sustainable management of upper Ciliwung Watershed, District Bogor
Abstrak: It is estimated that 13% or 62 than 470 watersheds in Indonesia are in critical condition. Ciliwung is one of the critical watershed. The research was conducted in the upper Ciliwung watershed, Bogor Regency. The purpose of this research were (1) to determine the sustainability index of upper Ciliwung watershed management, (2) to analyze local arena actions, and (3) to formulate policies development for upper Ciliwung sustainable watershed management. Analysis used to determine sustainability index of watershed management was multidimensional scaling analysis (MDS). To analyze action arena was used content analysis, interpretative structural modeling and exploratory descriptive analysis. To formulate development of sustainable management policy was used prospective analyze and morphology analyze. The results showed that sustainability index of upper Ciliwung was 47,23 or less sustainable status. Partially analysis showed that two dimensions were quite sustainable (economic dimension, accessibility and conservation technology dimension) and three others were less sustainable (ecological, social, and institutional dimensions). Local institutions in upper Ciliwung watershed were ineffective. Government policy did not touch the main issue in the watershed upper Ciliwung ie. there is no clear arrangement of property rights of land. The arrangements regulate rights and duties of individuals, groups, and state owners over commons property. It was necessary conditions in the sustainable management of upper Ciliwung watershed. Strategy intervention scenarios most likely to be implemented was moderate scenario and it was sufficient conditions. The scenario could improve the sustainability index of 47.23 (less sustainable) to 51,84 (quite sustainable)
Keyword: Bogor, Jawa Barat, daerah aliran sungai, daerah tangkapan air

Judul: Pengujian Virus Newcastle Disease Gen VII Isolat Lapang Sebagai Virus Standar Pada Uji Tantang Vaksin
Abstrak: This study was conducted to determine the standard of Newcastle disease virus Gene VII field isolate as a virus challenge to vaccine test. A virus suspension that has previously been tested by HA test then titrated with EID50 using 30 Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) of 10 day old chicken embryonated eggs. In addition, chicken lethal dose50 (CLD50) test were used to determine the virus titer that could cause 50% death of the chicken population. The CLD50 test was used 25 day-old-chickens (DOC) divided into 5 groups. The virus was diluted from 10-1 to 10-8. The 104 to 10-8 dilution of NDV was infected to every group of chicken via eyedrop and intranasal with 0.1 ml/chicken dosage. Haemagglutination test showed that the allantoic fluid were contain high titers of NDV is 512 HAU. The infective NDV that had been titrated by EID50 test showed the virus titers is 109 EID50/0.1 ml or 1010 EID50/ml and the virus titers of CLD50 test e.i 106.48 CLD50/0.1 ml or 107.48 CLD50/ml. These results can be concluded that the NDV Gene VII field isolates were most appropriate to be used as a standard virus to vaccine test
Keyword: Newcastle Disease Virus Gene VII, HA tes, EID50 test, CLD50 test