Judul: Hubungan Stimulasi Psikososial di Rumah dan Proses Pembelajaran dengan Kecerdasan Majemuk Anak Taman Kanak-Kanak di Kecamatan Pamulang Kota Tangerang Selatan
Abstrak: Preschool children are the age group in a unique development process, because it is the sensitive period or the golden age. This period is the best time to give a strong provision to the child because in this period, the child’s brain grows 50 percent of overall brain development during his or her lifetime. Under this condition, this study was conducted in order to identify the characteristics of schools and preschool learning process, to identify multiple intelligence preschool level, to analyze the relation between children’s characteristics, family characteristics, and psychosocial stimulation and the multiple intelligence preschool level, and to analyze the relationship between learning process and level of intelligence of the preschoolers. This study used cross-sectional design study and conducted in four schools in the District of South Tangerang Pamulang from April-May 2012. The location of the research was in the District of South Tangerang city Pamulang. Eight schools represented South Tangerang District Pamulang were chosen randomly. Selected sample (purposive ) from eight schools refer to several criteria: ( 1 ) the number of school students are more than 100 children each year , (2 ) the schools are for upper middle class, (3 ) the learning process is done using a central system, (4 ) the schools are non- religious kindergarten and religious kindergarten. Other than those, the criteria of the samples in this study are children at kindergarten class B from selected schools aged 5 to 6 years. Based on these criteria, the samples are elected, they are four schools, two non-religious kindergartens and two religious kindergartens with 30 students each. The type of data used are primary and secondary data. Primary data (characteristics of children and families , psychosocial stimulation, learning process, and multiple intelligences) were collected by questionnaires and observation. Whereas secondary data (number of children, school profiles, public schools and state school characteristic) were collected from the data from the school. Psychosocial stimulation Questionnaire using Home Observation for Measurement of Environmental ( HOME ) Inventory was developed by Caldwell , (1984 ) with α = 0.777 consists of 55 statements. The questionnaire on learning process comprises 36 questions. The questions on multiple intelligence questionnaire developed by Hastuti (2006 ) with α = 0.793 consists of 40 items, each statement consists of 5 questions covering gross motor, fine motor, language, mathematical , interpersonal , intrapersonal , musical and visual-spatial. The data were analyzed using the analysis of descriptive statistics and inferential statistical analysis. Inferential statistical analysis used is the Spearman correlation test and Pearson, as well as different test. Based on the distribution of children, the proportion of children in this study is the girls ( 57.5 % ) and the boys ( 42.5 % ). The family characteristics are three-quarters of fathers have an average age of 38.45 years and half of the mother are at an average age of 34.45 years. Average family income is Rp 11,717,500 per month. Psychosocial stimulations given by the parents are in high and medium categories, 67,5 % for the high category and 30,1 % for the medium one. This means
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Judul: Hubungan Pola Asuh Dan Ketersediaan Alat Stimulasi Akademik Dengan Prestasi Akademik Remaja Yang Memiliki Perbedaan Latar Belakang Pendidikan Prasekolah
Abstrak: The research was a part of a study that had been conducted at year 2006, which involve three group of children with different preschool education background namely group Semai Benih Bangsa (SBB) and Taman Kanak Kanak (TK) who were children with a preschool background, and group non TK or control who were children with no preschool background. SBB were a preschool group established by Indonesia Heritage Foundation for the poor children and using holistic education approach, which in Bogor area located at Kelurahan Sukasari and Desa Situ Udik. The samples of this research at previous study (Hastuti 2006) were 356 children, and for this research out of 356 samples it was selected only children at the two locations. The criteria for sample of this study was youth age 11-16 years, and still have an education. Out of 116 samples only 87 children served as sample of this study, 27 samples of SBB, 31 children of TK and 29 of non-TK. The research aimed to identify parenting in academic dimension (self discipline and excellence orientation) at the three groups, academic stimulation, academic achievement at the three groups and relationship between variables. Analysis of ANOVA, kruskall wallis were applied to analyze differences among three groups, while Pearson correlation were applied to analyze relationship among variables. Result showed that there were significant differences in term of socio economic characteristics (maternal education and family income) among three groups, and in term of academic stimulation, which showed that the socio economic status related to their ability to provide books, computers, academic utensils and activities. Background of preschool education had no relationship with academic achievement, meanwhile socio economic status and academic stimulation had significant and positive relationship with academic achievement of youth.
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Judul: Pemurnian dan karakterisasi protein inhibitor RNA helikase virus hepatitis C
Abstrak: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the second most common chronic viral infection in the world with global prevalence. This infection is contribution to chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, often leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. There is no effective drug and vaccine available against HCV. The current standard treatment, a combination of pegylated interferon-α with ribavirin, is limited by its suboptimal response rate in a significant patient population, side effects, and affordability. Therefore, development of effective drug is needed. One approach to find out the candidate of antiviral drug is to discover the inhibitor of enzyme that essential for virus replication, such as RNA helicase. Streptomyces chartreusis 5-095 produce the inhibitor of HCV RNA helicase. The aim of this study was to purify the protein inhibitor which has inhibition activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV from S. chartreusis 5-095. The supernatant of culture S. chartreusis 5-095 exhibited high inhibiton activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV (approximately 72%) at 10 days of incubation. The extracellular protein inhibitor was partially purified by procedures of precipitation with ammonium sulfate to 65% saturation and gel filtration (Sephadex G50) using methanol water solution (4:6) as an eluen. The purity of protein inhibitor was monitored by SDS PAGE. The protein inhibitor showed a relative molecular mass were estimated to be 14 kDa and increased the purity 23,08 fold than those of the crude protein. The specific activity and IC50 after purification were 13,1338 U/mg and 0,0767 mg/mL, respectively. The activity of purified protein inhibitor showed its stability over pH range from 5-8 and optimum at pH 7,4. The inhibition activity showed its stability up to 70% at temperature 100 oC. The purified protein inhibitor relatively stable its activity at storage in the range of -20 oC to room temperature for 35 days.
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