Judul: Institutional partnership between wood-processing industries and communities on forest development in Java Island
Abstrak: The research intended to analyze effectiveness of partnership between woodprocessing industries and communities for supporting sustainable development of forest plantations management (KIBARHUT) in Java Island. The research conducted in 3 locations, namely Sukaraja, Bawang, and Krucil on April–October 2008. Up to 2008, 3 industries (INPAK) had been planted 14,537.12 ha of KIBARHUT in 4 provinces of Java Island. KIBARHUT was carried out with land owners (Type 1 and 2) and the proprietors of state property (Type 3), regulated using non-formal (Type 1) and formal contracts (Type 2 and 3). Agency relationship characterized by INPAK (principal) willingness to delegate forest development investment to agents for producing timber, which supported by market warranty and processing capacity of principal’s industry, using the timber harvested from KIBARHUT by agents and supplied to principal. Rights and obligations formally enforced based upon written clausuls on the contracts, as well as involvement of informal institutions (ellite figures of the village) helped to informally enforce the contracts. KIBARHUT resulted financial and economic efficiency on allocating resources (input and output). KIBARHUT also had feasibility of financial and competitive and comparative advantages which simply indicated that log harvested was adequately enough to go to the world market for having export transactions. Efficieny on allocating output of KIBARHUT was supported by strategies carried out by woodprocessing industries (INPAK), namely: (i) creating special organization responsible for marketing purposes (log supplier and cooveratives) which had a link directly to agents; (ii) building business cooperations with sawmill surrounding the location of KIBARHUT; (iii) offering incentives (bonus or premium price per cubic of log) to encourage log supply to INPAK either goes directly to agents or through allied sawmill. The study concluded that sustainability of forest plantations development of KIBARHUT in Java Island should be implemented on the higher bundles of property rights and enforced using the formal contract which had the assurance of rule-in-use.
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Judul: Pola Kemitraan antara Petani dengan UBH-KPWN dalam Usaha Hutan Rakyat Jati Unggul Nusantara di Desa Ciaruteun Ilir, Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: Usaha Bagi Hasil Koperasi Perumahan Wanabakti Nusantara (UBH-KPWN) is a business unit developed by the Forestry Department engaged in the farming of National Superior Teak (JUN). UBH-KPWN applies the concept of profit sharing partnership in farming activities. This partnership system is specifically made by UBH-KPWN in order to maintain the farming continuity of national superior teak (JUN). The partners of UBH-KPWN include farmers, investors, landowners and the village government. To determine the forms of partnership between UBH-KPWN and its partners (farmers, investors, landowners and the village government), it is necessary to study the feasibility and the extent of partnership, whether it is beneficial to both parties. This research was conducted from April through June 2011 in the village of Ciaruteun Ilir, Cibungbulang District, Bogor Regency. The data in this study were collected using interviews and a survey. The respondents were selected by a stratified purposive sampling method based on the land area under cultivation. The number of respondents was 60 people. The analysis of the feasibility of community forests in terms of partnership was done in two phases: (1) analysis of cost sharing and (2) partnership-level analysis by a scoring method. The partnership pattern of the community forest in Ciaruteun Ilir village is feasible for the farmers, UBH-KPWN, investors, landowners and the village
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Judul: Leukemia pada kucing
Abstrak: Leukemia pada kucing adalah suatu penyakit yang sangat patogen, disebabkan oleh sejenis virus. Virus ini dikenal sebagai Feline Leukemia Virus atau FeLV. FeLV ini oleh beberapa ahli dikatakan hanya bersifat ganas pada hewan kucing. Penularannya bisa secara horizontal maupun congenital. Kucing pada semua tingkat umur dapat terserang oleh FeLV ini. Khusus pada bentuk "thymic leukemia", virus ini hanya menyerang anak-anak kucing berumur diba- wah 1 tahun. Kucing-kucing liar atau yang tidak terpeli- hara jarang sekali terinfeksi FeLV. Selain dari serangan virus FeLV itu sendiri, maka penyakit leukemia ini bisa disebabkan oleh beberapa fak- tor yang sudah ada dalam tubuh hewan dan sangat menunjang perkembangan penyakit ini, yaitu antara lain tumor, agen toksik, cedera oleh kecelakaan dan gangguan hemopoiesis. FeLV menyerang sel-sel darah dalam tubuh hewan se- hingga pembentukan darah berjalan tidak normal. Terlihat sel-sel darah yang belum dewasa sudah beredar dalam sir- kulasi darah. Bentuk dan jumlahnya tidak lagi seimbang dalam tubuh hewan kucing tersebut. Gejala klinis antara lain kekurusan, ikterus, anemia, lemah, anoreksia, dyspnoe, sulit menelan, batuk, dan membran mukosa pucat. Selain itu kelenjar pertahanan tubuh juga membengkak, kemudian terjadi hepatomegali, spleenomegali dan pembengkakan pada ginjal. Terbentuk massa tumor pada beberapa tempat. Secara biopsy pada sumsum tulang akan terlihat be- berapa perubahan. Sumsum tulang berwarna merah tua atau abu-abu. Konsistensinya lunak dan terdapat banyak sekali memproduksi sel darah putih. Melalui gambaran darah leukemia ini lebih mudah didiagnosa. Jumlah retikulosit rendah sekali. PCV 8-15%, hemoglobin menurun, sel darah putih (WBC) meningkat, lim- fosit meningkat, Alfaglobulin juga ada peningkatan, dan banyak eosinofil yang belum dewasa beredar dalam darah…dst
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