Judul: Impacts of Climate Change and Forest Community Adaptation Strategy in Southern Central Timor District, East Nusa Tenggara.
Abstrak: Perubahan iklim ditandai dengan adanya perubahan curah hujan, suhu, musim hujan dan kemarau dalam jangka waktu yang lama. Perubahan ini memberikan dampak terhadap sumberdaya alam dan kehidupan masyarakat. Perhatian utama perubahan iklim adalah dampak negatif seperti banjir, tanah longsor, erosi tanah, kekeringan, dan gagal panen yang menyebabkan kerentanan masyarakat. Masyarakat ini harus beradaptasi dengan perubahan di lingkungan sekitar mereka agar dapat bertahan hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran dari pemahaman masyarakat terhadap perubahan iklim, mengidentifikasi dan mengklasifikasi dampak perubahan iklim terhadap kehidupan masyarakat, serta untuk mempelajari strategi adaptasi masyarakat terhadap perubahan iklim. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Nenas dan Desa Bena, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan, Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar masyarakat tidak mengerti apa yang dimaksud dengan perubahan iklim. Apa yang masyarakat pahami adalah bahwa ada perubahan musim (hujan dan kemarau) yang tidak menentu. Perubahan musim yang tidak terduga memberikan kesulitan bagi masyarakat untuk menjadwalkan waktu tanam. Musim yang ekstrim (baik musim hujan dengan curah hujan tinggi dan kemarau panjang) memberikan dampak negatif secara langsung dan tidak langsung, kepada masyarakat dan lingkungan sekitarnya seperti banjir, tanah longsor, kekeringan, ketersedian air yang terbatas, dan akhirnya dapat menurunkan produksi pertanian. Dampak negatif lain dari perubahan iklim adalah masalah kesehatan masyarakat, padang rumput dan semak kering yang rentan kebakaran. Masyarakat telah melakukan beberapa strategi untuk beradaptasi seperti penanaman pohon untuk pengendalian banjir, penyesuaian pola tanam waktu tanam, mengubah spesies tanaman pertanian, membangun sumur, dan dengan bantuan dari Pemerintah Daerah untuk membangun saluran irigasi, serta pembuatan bak penampung air bersih. Strategi adaptasi yang diimplementasikan oleh masyarakat di desa penelitian sebagian besar merupakan adaptasi reaktif dan antisipatif.
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Judul: Dampak Perubahan Iklim dan Adaptasi Masyarakat Sekitar Hutan di Kabupaten Sigi, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah
Abstrak: Indonesia is one of countries that has the largest forest area in the world after Brazil and Congo. The rate of deforestation in Indonesia according to the Departement of Forestry (2007) reaches 1,08 million hectares per year. Deforestation and degradation is the of causes of Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) because according to Brown (1997) almost 50% of forest vegetation composed by the element carbon. Climate change impact on natutal resources and people’s lives mainly those whose livelihoods depend on natural resources (Sylvani and Sakuntaladewi 2010). The adverse effects of climate change force people to adapt according to the an understanding of climate change. Adaptation is the act of adjusting the natural and social systems as a response to climate change and variability (Herawaty and Santoso 2007). This study aims determine people’s understanding of climate change, kind of impact by climate change and adaptation by local forest communities to climate change based on phenomenon of climate change felt by local forest communities. The data in this research were collected through observation and interviews the respondents in the local forest communities that are selected using purposive sampling method. Besides, information was collected through literature review of some secondary data obtained from local goverment offices. The amount of respondents was interview in this research are 30 people from Toro Village and 30 people from Omu Village. The data showed that people’s in both village didn’t know the term climate change, but the people’s know there has been a change of seasons is one of the components of the climate. The impact of climate change perceived people directly and indirectly. Climate change resulted in a shift in season calendar leading to decreased agricultural production and caused disasters such as floods and landslides. The impact of climate change that occorred in anticipation of the reactive and proactive. Reactive adaptation is done by making changes such as the crops in certain seasons and making irrigation canals. Proactive adaptations is performed by keeping local wisdom to preserve the balance of nature and to prevent disasters that arise in the future.
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Judul: Case Study of Gallbladder Mucocele and Treatment Used In Small Animals
Abstrak: Gallbladder mucocele (GM) is defined as distention of the gallbladder caused by an inappropriate accumulation or deposition of high concentrations of bile. The purpose of this case study is to study GM conditions in small animals and to report the clinical sign and characteristics of GM through the sonogram interpretation and blood chemistry test evaluation, and studies related to the therapy given and other treatments recommended. A 14-year-old Toy Poodle dog has been diagnosed with severe GM and cholecystitis. No pain signs were shown during the physical examination as asymptomatic is a common characteristic in the early stage of biliary related diseases. In this study Abdominal ultrasonography interpretation and blood chemistry evaluation was conducted in 2021-2022 and analyzed as a secondary data source. Ultrasonography results showed presence of hyperechoic, immobile deposits in gallbladder accompanied by wall thickening and enlarged in size, followed by a significant increase in the enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP). This study has summarized mainly the diagnosis and treatments of GM in small animals and suitable alternatives treatments were recommended to encounter the GM conditions in small animals. The effectiveness of combined therapy shows the positive impact on the patient, the condition of GM has been under control.
Keyword: ultrasound, gallbladder, biliary sludge, abdominal ultrasonography