Judul: Dairy Cow Milk Production and Quality Based on Good Dairy Farming Practices and Good Milking Practices Evaluation in Cijeruk
Abstrak: National milk demand from year to year continues to increase due to the increase in the Indonesian population and the increase in living standards. One of the efforts to optimize milk production in the dairy cattle business and maximize livestock productivity is to manage the livestock business in a professional manner. The success of a dairy farming business is closely related to the implementation of livestock management carried out by farmers. There are dairy farming guidelines such as Good Dairy Farming Practices (GDFP) to increase milk production and Good Milking Practices (GMiP) to maintain milk quality. Interviews were conducted with 19 farmers belonging to the Ternak Mandiri Sejahtera Group. The results of the evaluation of the implementation of GDFP showed an average value of 3.06 (good) and the evaluation of the application of GMiP showed an average value of 2.93 (good enough). The average milk production shows poor results. The quality of the milk produced is in accordance with the specified requirements.
Keyword: dairy cow, GDFP, GMiP, milk production, milk quality

Judul: Dairy Cow Milk Production and Quality Based on Good Dairy Farming Practice and Good Milking Practice at Pondok Ranggon
Abstrak: Pengembangan usaha peternakan sapi perah dapat dilakukan melalui penerapan standardisasi tatalaksana Good Dairy Farming Practice (GDFP) dan Good Milking Practice (GMiP). Oleh karena itu tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengevaluasi dan memperbaiki aspek teknis melalui pedoman GDFP yaitu pembibitan dan reproduksi, pakan dan air minum, pengelolaan, kandang dan peralatan, kesehatan hewan, serta kesejahteraan hewan dan melalui pedoman GMiP yaitu faktor sebelum pemerahan, saat pemerahan, dan setelah pemerahan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode pengamatan secara langsung dan wawancara terhadap para peternak. Hasil evaluasi aspek teknis yang dibandingkan dengan nilai rata-rata pelaksanaan GDFP dan GMiP di peternakan Pondok Ranggon menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan aspek teknis GDFP termasuk dalam kategori baik yaitu 3,37±0,53 sedangkan aspek teknis GMiP dalam kategori sudah cukup baik yaitu 2,93±0,59. Hal ini diikuti dengan rataan produksi susu di kawasan Pondok Ranggon yang sudah cukup baik 9,19 L ekorˉ¹ hariˉ¹ dengan kualitas susu yang baik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitan ini pelaksanaan aspek teknis pemeliharaan sapi perah berdasarkan standar GDFP dan GMiP pada peternakan rakyat Pondok Ranggon perlu ditingkatkan lagi agar produksi dan kualitas susu yang dihasilkan lebih baik., Dairy farming business development can be done through the application of standardized procedures for Good Dairy Farming Practice (GDFP) and Good Milking Practice (GMiP). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate and improve technical aspects through GDFP guidelines, namely breeding and reproduction, feed and drinking water, management, cages and equipment, animal health, and animal welfare, and through GMiP guidelines, namely factors before milking, during milking, and after milking. The research was conducted by doing direct observation and interviews with farmers. The results of the evaluation of the technical aspects which were compared with the average value of the implementation of GDFP and GMiP at Pondok Ranggon farms showed that the implementation of the technical aspects of GDFP was categorized as good category, the score was 3.37±0.53, while the technical aspects of GMiP were categorized as adequate with the score was 2.93 ±0.59. The average milk production in the Pondok Ranggon area was adequate at 9.19 L head ˉ¹ dayˉ¹ with good milk quality. Based on the results it is concluded that the implementation of the technical aspects of raising dairy cows based on the GDFP and GMiP standards on the Pondok Ranggon people's farm should be improved.
Keyword: breeders, dairy cow, GDFP, GMiP, milk

Judul: Light Microscope Study of ConnectiveTissue in The Spleen of Common Rousette Bat (Rousettus amplexicaudatus)
Abstrak: The spleen is the largest lymphoid organ. As a secondary lymphoid organ, in addition to its immune function, the spleen also has functions as blood filtration, storage, and hematopoiesis. The spleen has different morphologies between species that support different physiological functions, one of which is the difference in the structure of the capsule and trabeculae. Capsule and trabeculae of the spleen generally consist of connective tissue and smooth muscle. The thickness of smooth muscle composed together with connective tissue in the capsule and trabecula determines the function of the spleen that is divided spleen into three storage, defense, and intermediate. Bats are the reservoir of various zoonotic diseases. Bats are thought to have unique immune systems compared to other mammals but the characteristics of its immune organs such as the spleen have never been studied before. This study was conducted to examine the characteristics of capsulae and trabecula of the Common Rousette (Rousettus amplexicaudatus).
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