Judul: Effectivity of Lempuyang Gajah (Zingiber zerumbet) Infusion as antidiarrheal in mice (Mus musculus)
Abstrak: Rimpang lempuyang gajah sudah lama dikonsumsi sebagai bahan makanan dan obat herbal. Rimpang lempuyang gajah (Zingiber zerumbet) memiliki potensi sebagai obat antidiare yang ekonomis dan mudah didapatkan di lingkungan masyarakat, namun belum ada penelitian terkait manfaat rimpang lempuyang gajah sebagai antidiare. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas infusa lempuyang gajah sebagai antidiare dan menentukan konsentrasi yang memiliki efek antidiare paling efektif dengan metode proteksi intestinal. Penelitian ini juga memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan metabolit sekunder pada lempuyang gajah melalui uji fitokimia. Penelitian ini menggunakan 25 ekor mencit yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok terdiri dari kelompok kontrol negatif (Tween 80 1%), kontrol positif (Loperamid HCl), dan tiga kelompok perlakuan infusa lempuyang gajah dengan konsentrasi 25%, 50%, dan 100% yang diberikan secara oral. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini, infusa lempuyang gajah memiliki efek antidiare, infusa lempuyang gajah konsentrasi 50% menunjukkan efek antidiare yang paling efektif. Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukkan lempuyang gajah mengandung alkaloid dan saponin., Lempuyang gajah (Zingiber zerumbet) rhizomes have long been consumed as food and treatment of diseases in humans. Lempuyang gajah rhizomes have potential as antidiarrheal that is cheap and easy to find, but there has been no research related to the benefits of lempuyang gajah rhizomes as antidiarrheal. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectivity of lempuyang gajah infusion as an antidiarrheal and the concentration that has the most effective antidiarrheal effect with intestinal protection method. This study also determine the secondary metabolites in lempuyang gajah rhizomes. This study used 25 mices divided into five groups consisting of negative control group (Tween 80 1%), a positive control group (loperamid HCl suspension), and three groups of treatment with a lempuyang gajah infusion concentration of 25%, 50%, and 100% given orally. and the duration of diarrhea. The conclusion of this research shows that lempuyang gajah infusion has antidiarrheal effect, lempuyang gajah infusion at a concentration of 50% showed the most effective antidiarrheal effect. Phytochemical test results show lempuyang gajah contains alkaloids and saponins.
Keyword: antidiare, infusa, proteksi intestinal, uji fitokimia, lempuyang gajah

Judul: Effectiveness of Gambier Extract Infusion (Uncaria gambir Roxb) as Antidiarrhea in Mice (Mus musculus)
Abstrak: Getah gambir sudah banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat untuk mengatasi berbagai penyakit, salah satunya adalah diare. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas getah gambir sebagai antidiare dengan menggunakan metode proteksi intestinal yang dilihat dari parameter frekuensi, konsistensi, dan durasi. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan menentukan konsentrasi yang paling efektif dalam memberikan efek antidiare pada mencit dan mengetahui metabolit sekunder yang terkandung dalam getah gambir dengan uji fitokimia. Hewan coba dalam penelitian ini menggunakan mencit sebanyak 30 ekor dengan dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok. Kelompok perlakuan terdiri atas kelompok kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, dan tiga kelompok perlakuan yang diberi infusa getah gambir dengan konsentrasi 25%, 50%, dan 100% secara oral. Parameter yang dinilai dalam metode proteksi intestinal adalah frekuensi defekasi, konsistensi feses, dan durasi diare. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan getah gambir memiliki metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi sebagai antidiare seperti alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin pada uji fitokimia. Hasil dari metode proteksi intestinal menunjukkan kelompok perlakuan infusa getah gambir konsentrasi 25%, 50%, dan 100% terbukti mampu menurunkan frekuensi defekasi, memperbaiki konsistensi, dan mempersingkat waktu diare. Kelompok konsentrasi 25% dan 50% menunjukkan aktivitas antidiare lebih baik daripada konsentrasi 100%., Gambier extract has been widely used by the community to treat various diseases, one of which is diarrhea. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of gambier sap as an antidiarrhea using intestinal protection methods as seen from the parameters of frequency, consistency and duration. This research also aims to determine the most effective concentration in providing antidiarrheal effects in mice and determine the secondary metabolites contained in gambier sap using phytochemical tests. The experimental animals in this study used 30 mice divided into 5 groups. The treatment groups consisted of a negative control group, a positive control, and three treatment groups that were given gambier extract infusion at concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 100% orally. The parameters assessed in the intestinal protection method are defecation frequency, fecal consistency, and duration of diarrhea. The research results showed that gambier extract has secondary metabolites that have the potential to act as antidiarrhea such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins in phytochemical tests. The results of the intestinal protection method showed that the gambier extract infusion treatment group with concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 100% was proven to be able to reduce the frequency of defecation, improve consistency, and shorten the time of diarrhea. The 25% and 50% concentration groups exhibited better antidiarrheal activity than the 100% concentration
Keyword: antidiare, infusa, proteksi intestinal, uji fitokimia, Getah gambir

Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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