Judul: Biology and Symptoms of Pest Ephestia cautella Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on Peanut Seed
Abstrak: Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) merupakan tanaman pangan yang termasuk ke dalam famili Fabaceae. Biji kacang tanah memiliki kandungan protein yang tinggi sehingga banyak diminati. Namun, beberapa tahun terakhir terjadi penurunan kualitas pada biji kacang tanah selama masa penyimpanan yang disebabkan adanya serangan hama gudang. Ephestia cautella merupakan hama gudang dari famili Pyralidae yang menyebabkan kerugian pada produk pascapanen salah satunya pada gudang penyimpanan biji kacang tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari biologi dan gejala serangan E. cautella pada biji kacang tanah. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan menggunakan 100 individu serangga, terdapat 10 ulangan dan pada setiap ulangan berisi 10 individu. Pengamatan dilakukan untuk melihat morfologi, siklus hidup, dan gejala serangan pada biji kacang tanah. Siklus hidup E. cautella terdiri dari empat fase yaitu telur, larva, pupa, dan imago. Siklus hidup E. cautella berlangsung selama 49 hari, dengan stadium telur berlangsung selama 4 hari, stadium larva selama 25 hari, stadium pupa selama 13 hari, lama hidup imago jantan selama 15 hari, dan lama hidup imago betina selama 17 hari. Serangga jantan dan betina dapat dibedakan pada bagian abdomen. Gejala serangan dari larva E. cautella mengakibatkan biji kacang tanah berlubang dan saling menempel akibat benang-benang halus yang dibuat larva instar akhir., Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) belongs to the Fabaceae family and is a food crop. Peanuts seeds have a high protein content and are therefore in high demand. However, in recent years there has been a decline in producers in storage warehouses due to warehouse pest attacks. Ephestia cautella is a warehouse pest from the Pyralidae family that causes losses in postharvest products, one of which is in peanut seed storage warehouses. This research aims to study the biology and symptoms of E. cautella attack on peanut seeds. Observations were made using 100 individual insects, there were 10 replicates and each replicate contained 10 individuals. Observations were made to see the morphology, life cycle, and symptoms of attack on peanut seeds. The life cycle of E. cautella consists of four phases: egg, larvae, pupa, and adult. The life cycle of E. cautella lasts for 49 days, with the egg stage lasting for 4 days, the larval stage for 25 days, the pupa stage for 13 days, the life span of male imago for 15 days, and the life span of female imago for 17 days. Male and female insects can be distinguished on the abdomen. Symptoms of E. cautella larvae infestation result in hollow peanut seeds and sticking together due to the fine threads made by the late instar larvae
Keyword: infestation symptoms, life cycle, peanuts, warehouse pests

Judul: Kesesuaian Lima Jenis Komoditas Pascapanen Sebagai Media Perkembangbiakan Hama Gudang Ephestia cautella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
Abstrak: Ephestia cautella is one of major pest that attack various kinds of postharvest commodities during storage. The objective of this research was to study the suitability of cocoa beans, peanuts, rice, wheat flour, and maizena as development media for E. cautella and to know the preferences of egg laying by adults to those five commodities. One hundred eggs of E. cautella were infested into 500 g of those commodities within one liter plastic container and kept in the laboratory for 49 days. Variables observed were number of F1 emerged, development time, length and width of larvae, pupae, and adults, and the demaged they caused to the commodities. Five pairs of F1 adults then infested onto 100 g of those five commodities within insect cages and observed for number of egg laid after one week. The results showed that life cycle of E. cautella on cocoa beans, peanuts, rice, wheat flour, and maizena were 45, 49, 46, 47, 48 days, respectively. The highest number of F1 adults emerged were found on peanut. For third instar, the longest larval body were found on rice and the widest ones were found on peanuts, meanwhile the longest and widest for fourth instar larval bodies were found on cocoa beans. The longest pupal body length were found on peanuts. The average length of F1 adults were 6-7 mm and the average of wing span were 12- 14 mm. Meanwhile the highest number of egg deposited by F1 adults were found on rice and the lowest on maizena. The demaged caused by larval activity were feeding holes on cocoa beans and peanuts, meanwhile the other commodities were spun together with their silk.
Keyword: suitability., postharvest commodities, F1 population, Ephestia cautella, body size

Judul: Membran Komposit Polistirena Tersulfonasi–SiO2 untuk Aplikasi Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
Abstrak: Nafion® merupakan membran elektrolit pada direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) yang memiliki nilai permeabilitas metanol yang tinggi. Oleh karena itu, membran alternatif seperti polistirena tersulfonasi (PSS) yang ditambahi SiO2 dikembangkan untuk mengurangi tingginya permeabilitas metanol tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan pengaruh tambahan SiO2 pada kinerja PSS. Keberhasilan proses sulfonasi ditunjukkan oleh nilai derajat sulfonasi (DS) dari PSS dengan konsentrasi PS 15% sebesar 81%. Membran komposit dibuat dengan ragam konsentrasi 3%, 5%, dan 7%. Spektrum inframerah transformasi fourier membran komposit menunjukkan gugus sulfonat (-SO3) pada 1008 cm-1 dan O-Si-O pada 1013 cm-1. Nilai konduktivitas proton dan beda potensial tertinggi dihasilkan pada membran PSS-SiO2 3% dengan nilai berturut-turut 2.1 × 10-4 S/cm dan 79 mV. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, membran komposit PSS-SiO2 dapat diaplikasikan untuk DMFC.
Keyword: membran komposit, SiO2, polistirena tersulfonasi, sel bahan bakar metanol