Judul: The Influence of Mother-Child Attachment and Father Involvement on Cognitive Development of Stunted and Non-Stunted Toddlers
Abstrak: Prevalensi stunting di Indonesia tahun 2022 berdasarkan standar WHO masih terkategori sebagai masalah gizi kronis. Penelitian ini secara umum bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kelekatan ibu-anak dan keterlibatan ayah terhadap perkembangan kognitif batita. Desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu eksplanatori dengan metode survei. Penelitian ini melibatkan 36 batita stunting dan 36 batita tidak stunting berusia 2-3 tahun beserta ibunya yang berdomisili di Kelurahan Bubulak dan Kelurahan Sindangbarang, Kota Bogor yang dipilih secara purposive. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jenis kelamin, usia anak, dan pendapatan keluarga berhubungan positif signifikan dengan perkembangan kognitif, usia ibu berhubungan negatif signifikan dengan kelekatan ibu-anak, serta pendidikan dan status pekerjaan ibu berhubungan positif signifikan dengan keterlibatan ayah. Keterlibatan ayah berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap perkembangan kognitif, sedangkan kelekatan ibu-anak tidak berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan kognitif anak.
Keyword: cognitive development, father involvement, mother and child attachment, stunting, toddlers

Judul: The Influence of Economic Pressure and Financial Management on Parenting Quality in Stunting Children
Abstrak: Stunting menjadi permasalahan multidimensi yang tidak hanya berkaitan dengan faktor gizi dan kesehatan, tetapi juga faktor pengasuhan. Kualitas pengasuhan memegang peranan penting dalam mendukung pemenuhan kebutuhan tumbuh kembang anak yang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik anak, karakteristik keluarga, tekanan ekonomi, dan manajemen keuangan terhadap kualitas pengasuhan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan desain cross sectional study. Penelitian melibatkan 68 ibu dari keluarga utuh dengan anak stunting berusia 24-59 bulan dan berdomisili di Kecamatan Tanjungsari, Kabupaten Sumedang, Provinsi Jawa Barat. Responden penelitian diperoleh melalui non-probability sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tekanan ekonomi dan manajemen keuangan keluarga berada pada kategori sedang, sementara kualitas pengasuhan terkategori rendah. Usia anak, lama pendidikan ibu dan ayah, serta manajemen keuangan berhubungan positif signifikan dengan kualitas pengasuhan, sedangkan tekanan ekonomi berhubungan negatif signifikan dengan kualitas pengasuhan. Hasil uji regresi menunjukkan bahwa usia anak dan manajemen keuangan berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kualitas pengasuhan, sementara tekanan ekonomi berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap kualitas pengasuhan., Stunting is a multi-dimensional problem that is not only related to nutrition and health factors, but also parenting factors. The quality of parenting plays an important role in supporting the fulfillment of children's optimal growth and development needs. This study aims to analyze the influence of child characteristics, family characteristics, economic pressure, and financial management on the quality of parenting. The research was conducted using a quantitative approach and cross-sectional study design. This study involved 68 mothers from intact families with stunted children aged 24-59 months and residing in Tanjungsari District, Sumedang Regency, West Java Province. Respondents were obtained through non-probability sampling with purposive sampling technique. The results showed that the economic pressure and the financial management were categorized as moderate, while the quality of parenting are in the low category. A child's age, parent’s education, and the financial management are significantly positive related to parenting quality, while the economic pressure is significantly negative related to parenting quality. The regression test results show that the child’s age and the financial management have a significant positive effect on parenting quality, while the economic pressure has a significant negative effect on parenting quality.
Keyword: economic pressure, financial management, parenting quality, stunting, toddler

Judul: Heterologous Expression Of Endo-Β-Xylanase From Bacillus Pumilus Strain Bcrs-01 In Escherichia Coli.
Abstrak: Xylanases are glycoside hydrolase family 11 which depolymerise xylan in the plant cell wall, the most excessive form of hemicellulose. Endo-β-xylanases (EC 3.2.1.8) are most important to breakdown β-1,4-glicoside bond of xylan to produce disaccaride xyloolygosaccaride (XOs) and xylose (monomer). Bovine rumen fluids have potential to obtain endo-β-xylanase produced of bacteria. The objectives of this study were to obtain xylanase producing bacteria and to express xynA gene encoding endo-β-xylanase from bacterium in Escherichia coli. Twenty nine isolate bacteria have been succesfully isolated from bovine rumen fluid in agar medium containing birchwood xylan. Isolate BCRS-01 bacterium was previously screened for the high production of xylanase. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, BCRS-01 showed high similarity (99%) to Bacillus pumilus (accession number NR043241). The crude xylanase had optimal activity at 55oC, pH 7.0. Furthermore, the crude xylanase exhibited broad pH stability from 4.0 to 10.0 and remained more than 60% and 40% of its activity after incubation at pH 4.0 until 10.0, respectively for 60 min. It also showed a stability at temperature 25-50oC since it retained 80% and 50% of its activity when incubated at 50oC or 30 and 60 min, respectively. The xylanase activity was strongly inhibited by Ca2+ and Cu2+ at concentration 10 mM, and as little as 1 mM for Mn2+. Therefore, this xylanase has potentially used as additive feeds in animal feed industry. The DNA sequence xynA gene encoded endo-β-xylanase was amplified and cloned into the expression vector pET-15by under the control of T7 promoter. The recombinant protein had succesfully expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS. A protein recombinant of approximately, 26.7 kDa was observed on the SDS-PAGE analysis. Crude extract of recombinant endo-β-xylanase demonstrated activity of enzyme at 56 U mL-1 using birchwood xylan as a substrate at 55oC for 10 min.
Keyword: Bacillus pumilus, bovine rumen fluid, endo-β-xylanase, heterologous expression.