Judul: Evaluasi Kecukupan Proses Sterilisasi Rendang Sapi Dalam Kaleng Di Pt Langit Cerah Sukses
Abstrak: Rendang adalah makanan tradisional daging dengan rempah-rempah yang kaya dan santan. Masakan ini berasal dari Sumatera Barat, Indonesia. Bahan dasar rendang ialah daging sapi, santan dan campuran rempah-rempah yang dihancurkan, termasuk cabai, serai, lengkuas, kunyit, jahe, bawang putih, bawang, dan rempah lainnya. Salah satu cara untuk memperpanjang umur simpan rendang adalah proses pengalengan. Faktor penting yang berperan dalam proses pengalengan adalah proses sterilisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses sterilisasi produk rendang kaleng yang optimal di PT Langit Cerah Sukses. Melalui uji distribusi panas, dapat dilihat beberapa parameter yang terkait dengan proses sterilisasi, meliputi waktu venting, come-up time (CUT), dan posisi titik terdingin di retort. Melalui data uji penetrasi panas dapat digunakan untuk menentukan kecukupan proses sterilisasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode umum. Setelah evaluasi, hasil CUT yang didapat dari penelitian ini adalah sebesar 18 menit dan nilai F0 sebesar 12,68 menit.
Keyword: Rendang, sterilisasi, Come Up Time, F0

Judul: Evaluation of the adequacy of Commercial Sterillization Process for Beef Rendang Products Using Retort Pouch Packaging at UMK XYZ.
Abstrak: Produk steril komersial harus memberikan nilai F0 sekurang - kurangnya 3,0 menit pada suhu konstan 121,1oC (250oF) yang dihitung terhadap spora Clostridium botulinum. Nilai F0 akan digunakan sebagai pemenuhan salah satu syarat mendapatkan izin edar produk pangan. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan uji kecukupan panas dari produk rendang sapi kemasan retort pouch yang diproses menggunakan panci presto, melakukan evaluasi sensori, dan penyusunan SOP proses sterilisasi rendang sapi. Pada saat magang dilakukan beberapa tahapan, yaitu uji distribusi panas, uji penetrasi panas, evaluasi sensori, dan penyusunan SOP. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa panci presto yang digunakan memiliki keseragaman suhu yang baik dengan CUT 34 menit, nilai F0 minimum dari produk rendang sapi sebesar 5,16 menit dengan waktu 120 menit dan suhu 109oC, dan mengetahui desain alternatif waktu proses menggunakan metode ball. Dari metode tersebut dengan suhu 108oC, 109oC, 110oC dihitung nilai F0 (menit) 4; 4,5; 5; dan 5,16. Penerapan SOP menghasilkan kualitas produk yang lebih seragam, serta mampu menurunkan jumlah kebocoran produk ketika proses pengemasan dan sterilisasi. Hasil uji sensori hedonik secara overall memiliki rerata bernilai 5,9 (suka)., Commercial sterile products must provide an F0 value of at least 3,0 minutes at a constant temperature of 121,1 oC (250o F) calculated against Clostridium botulinum spores. The F0 value will be used as a fulfillment of one of the requirements for obtaining a distribution permit for food products. In this regard, this study aims to test the adequacy of heat from beef rendang packaged in retort pouches, which are processed using a pressure cooker, followed by conducting sensory evaluation and preparing SOPs for the beef rendang sterilization process. During the internship, several stages were carried out, namely the heat distribution test, the heat penetration test, the sensory evaluation of the hedonic rating method, and the preparation of SOPs. The results of the study stated that the pressure cooker used had good temperature uniformity with a CUT of 34 minutes, the minimum F0 value of the beef rendang product was 5,16 minutes with duration 120 minutes and temperatures 109oC, and that alternative processing time designs could be found using the ball method. From this method, at temperatures of 108oC, 109oC, and 110oC, the values of F0 (minutes) were calculated: 4; 4,5; 5; and 5,16. The application of SOP results in a more uniform product quality and is able to reduce the amount of product leakage during the packaging and sterilization processes. The results of the hedonic sensory test as a whole have an average value of 5,9 (like)
Keyword: heat sufficiency test, sensory, SOP

Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell