Judul: Pervaporasi Alkohol Menggunakan Membran Polistirena-SDS
Abstrak: Polystyrene (PS) membrane with SDS as porogen can be utilized as a filter in alcohol pervaporation process. The membrane was prepared using inversed phase method with PS:SDS:dichloromethane solvent composition were 17:0:83; 17:0.5:82.5; 17:1:82; 17:1.5:81.5; and 17:2:81. Homogenization of mixtures were carried out for 10 and 20 hours and casted on glass plate surface then submerged it into water with temperature of 60 °C. Pervaporation capability was evaluated from flux value and separation factor. The average of water flux values in 20 hours sonication were higher than the values in 10 hours sonication. The highest separation factor was observed in PS membrane with 0.5% SDS concentration and homogenization in 20 hours is 5.23. Application of PS membrane in pervaporation as showed by purities of alcohol value using gas chromatography method revealed that the purities increase from 91.6 to 93.4%. Therefore, certain SDS addition can increase the performance of PS membrane in alcohol purification.
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Judul: Membran polistirena dengan ragam suhu perendaman untuk pervaporasi alkohol
Abstrak: Polystyrene membrane with PLURONIC as porogen, can be utilized in alcohol pervaporation. The polystyrene membrane was made by reverse phase method which was started with making of polymeric mixed solution between polystyrene and PLURONIC in dichloromethane with 2 different compositions, i.e.-polystyrene :PLURONIC:dichloromethane 17:0:83 and 17:1:82. The solution was stirred up for 5 hours with ultrasonic and casted on the glass plate surface, and then it was immersed into water at 40, 50, and 60 oC. The highest pervaporation result was 90,2% alcohol purities at 50 oC immersion temperature. However, this result was not good enough because the alcohol purities was lower than the standard alcohol purities at 91,6%.
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Judul: Karakteristik Anatomi Skelet Kepala Badak Jawa (Rhinoceros sondaicus)
Abstrak: Badak jawa (Rhinoceros sondaicus) adalah spesies badak bercula satu yang hidup di Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon (TNUK), Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari karakteristik anatomi skelet kepala badak jawa yang dikaitkan dengan perilakunya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengamati struktur dua buah skelet kepala badak jawa jantan. Skelet kepala diukur dimensi dan volume cavum cranii, dipelajari struktur dan formula giginya, didokumentasi, serta dipindai dengan CT scan. Penamaan unsur-unsur anatomi berdasarkan Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria 2015 dan kemudian struktur anatominya dibandingkan dengan pustaka pada hewan-hewan lain. Secara umum skelet kepala badak jawa memiliki pars splanchnocranii yang sangat berkembang, pars neurocranii yang meninggi ke posterior, dan atap kepala yang konkaf dan tebal disertai simus-sinus di profundal-nya. Skelet kepala badak jawa memiliki permukaan yang kasar pada os incisivum, os nasale, os frontale, dan os maxilla serta memiliki bungkul di os lacrimale dan rigi di os zygomaticum. Selain itu, hewan ini memiliki crista nuchae yang terletak di dorsoanterior condylus occipitalis dan squama occipitalis yang luas dengan persendian occipitoatlantis yang luas di sisi dorsal-nya. Arcus zygomaticus dan fossa temporalis pada hewan ini luas dan berkembang serta angulus mandibularis dan permukaan persendian rahang bawah pada os temporale yang luas. Bagian-bagian tersebut beradaptasi untuk mendukung perilaku badak jawa dalam mencari makan dan bertahan hidup….
Keyword: Javan Rhino, Rhinoceros sondaicus, Skull, Anatomy, Skull anatomy, Rhino behavior, Brain cavity, Internal structure, Darsal roof