Judul: Technical Performance of Jukung Boats at Palabuhanratu Fishing Port
Abstrak: Nelayan menjadikan katir sebagai alat penambah stabilitas kapal. Kapal berkatir dapat ditemukan di PPN Palabuhanratu, dengan nama lokal “Perahu Jukung”. Umumnya, kapal yang menggunakan katir adalah kapal berukuran ≤ 5 GT, karena pada rentang ukuran tersebut, kapal berbentuk ramping. Pengelola PPN Palabuhanratu, menjadi salah satu stakeholder yang menilai bahwa keberadaan katir menjadi permasalahan dalam pengelolaan area tambat di kolam pelabuhan, sehingga perlu dilakukan upaya modifikasi kapal berkatir. Modifikasi kapal berkatir dapat dilakukan apabila keragaan teknis perahu berkatir dideskripsikan terlebih dahulu. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan desain kapal dan konstruksi katir pada kapal berkatir berukuran ≤ 5 GT yang beroperasi di PPN Palabuhanratu. Data dikumpulkan dengan pengukuran langsung, observasi lapang, wawancara, dan studi literatur, yang selanjutnya dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perahu jukung berukuran ≤ 5 GT yang beroperasi di PPN Palabuhanratu memiliki bentuk kasko yang seragam, yakni bentuk kasko round bottom, penampang kapal tipe transom, dan bentuk linggi haluan raked bow tegak, dan terdapat perbedaan penggunaan katir berdasarkan desain, material, dan posisi peletakkan. Kata kunci: katir, keragaan teknis, perahu berkatir, perahu jukung, PPN Palabuhanratu, Indonesian fishers use katir (outrigger) as a common tool to enhance the stability of the boat. Many outrigger boat can be found in the Palabuhanratu Fishing Port under the local name "Perahu Jukung". Generally, size of the boats are ≤ 5 GT, as within this range, the boats are slim in shape. The management of Palabuhanratu Fishing Port is one of the stakeholders who consider the presence of outrigger boats as a problem in managing the mooring area in the quay. Thus requiring efforts to modify the outrigger boat. The modification of outrigger boat can be carried out after describing the technical characteristics of this kind of boat. Therefore, this research aims to describe the design and outrigger construction on ≤ 5 GT outrigger boat operating in the Palabuhanratu Fishing Port. Data was collected through direct measurements, field observations, interviews, and literature studies, which were then analyzed descriptively. The research results show that the perahu jukung ≤ 5 GT operating in the Palabuhanratu Fishing Port have a uniform hull shape, namely a round-bottom hull shape, transom-type ship section, and an upright raked bow shape. There are differences in the use of outrigger based on its design, material, and positioning. Keywords: outrigger, outrigger boat, perahu jukung, PPN Palabuhanratu, technical performance
Keyword: katir (outrigger), perahu berkatir (outrigger boat), perahu jukung, keragaan teknis (technical performance), PPN Palabuhanratu (Palabuhanratu Fishing Port)

Judul: B/D Ratio Effects on Technical Performance  of Outrigger Fishing Boats (Case Study of Outrigger Fishing Boats in PPN  Palabuhanratu)
Abstrak: Perahu kecil dan ramping biasanya dipasang katir sebagai konstruksi tambahan untuk meningkatkan kestabilannya. Praktik serupa juga terjadi di Pelabuhan Perikanan Palabuhanratu. Masifnya penggunaan katir di sebagian besar pelabuhan perikanan, termasuk Palabuhanratu, menimbulkan kendala sandar karena terbatasnya luas wilayah pelabuhan, sehingga diperlukan modifikasi perahu atau cadik untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Menyesuaikan kelangsingan lambung dengan menentukan rasio lebar dan tinggi kapal (B/D) yang tepat dapat menjadi pendekatan potensial untuk menghilangkan cadik. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dirancang untuk menentukan rasio B/D yang ideal untuk kapal tanpa kontruksi katir berdasarkan stabilitas dan ketahanannya sesuai dengan tujuan operasional. Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan simulasi terhadap tiga nilai B yang berbeda dengan konstanta D yang masing-masing mengalami dua kondisi operasional yang berbeda, yaitu beban setengah dan beban penuh. Kualitas stabilitas kapal dievaluasi dalam lima parameter yang ditentukan oleh IMO, sedangkan kinerja ketahanan dievaluasi menggunakan analisis perbandingan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan tujuan operasionalnya, perahu dengan rasio B/D sebesar 1,69 mempunyai performa terbaik untuk dioperasikan tanpa cadik., Small and slender boats are usually installed with outrigger as additional construction to enhance its stabilities. The same practices are found in Palabuhanratu fishing port. The massive use of outrigger in most fishing ports, including Palabuhanratu, have led to berthing problems due to limited area of the port basin, hence boat or outrigger modification is required to overcome the problem. Adjusting the hull slenderness by defining the proper breadth and depth (B/D) ratio can be potential approach to eliminate the outrigger. Therefore, this research is designed to define ideal B/D ratio for boat without outrigger based on its stability and resistance in accordance with operational purpose. The study was conducted by simulating three different B values with constant D, each of which experiencing two different operational conditions, half and full loads. The quality of boat stability was evaluated in five parameters defined by IMO, whilst the resistance performance was evaluated using comparison analysis. The result showed that according to its operational purposes, the boat with B/D ratio of 1,69 has the best performance to be operated without outrigger
Keyword: outrigger construction, resistance, stability

Judul: The Exploration of Discrete Logarithm over Finite Field GF(3m)
Abstrak: The security of many public~key algorithms is based on the problem of finding discrete logarithms. The generalized discrete logarithm problem is the following: given a finite cyclic group G of order n, a generator a of G, and an element fl E G, find the integer x, 0 ~ x ~ n - 1, such that 0: = fl. Algorithm for discrete logarithm problem focused on Menezes et al. (1997) that consist of exhaustive search algorithm, the baby-step giant-step algorithm, Pollard's rho algorithm, Pohlig-Hellman algorithm, and index-calculus algorithm. These algorithms are explorated to be used in discrete logarithm problem over finite field GF(3m ). The exploration also produces some algorithms, i.e. naif negative algorithm, baby-step mother-step algorithm, baby-step mother free-step algorithm, and baby-step free-step algorithm. All algorithms implemented using Maple 11. The Pohlig-Hellman and baby-step giant-step algorithms are efficient enough to be used in discrete logarithm problem over finite field GF(3m ) for m < 20.
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