Judul: Determination of the Transjakarta Busway Gas Pipeline Using Geographic Information System and Multicriteria Decision Making
Abstrak: Transportation and pollution has become a severe problem in many big cities in developing countries, include Indonesia especially in Indonesia’s capital city, Jakarta. Over usage of petroleum, pollution and heavy traffic problem in Jakarta has become a more complicated case in the daily life. Meanwhile, compressed natural gas (CNG) is a clean burning, high energy, alternative energy source that enables us to safely continue to build on and improve our current lifestyle in the future. Transjakarta Busway is currently preparing to use compressed natural gas for powering the busway and it will need to define the best pipeline route from the existing main gas source to the CNG Station by considering cost, safety, social conflict, etc. The objective of this research is to determine the best route for a gas transmission pipeline network that considers various criteria for minimizing adverse. The methods of this research is based on multi criteria decision making by implementing GIS model technology refers to spatial analyst and network analyst that will produce possibility alternative routes. Having established alternative routes, each criterion and alternatives should be evaluated and weighted using pairwise comparison in term of analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to identify the best route for a gas transmission pipeline into the most preferred route. The model is concerned only with distribution lines, in areas that are already largely urbanized or industrialized. The distribution pipes will be installed under the shoulder of existing roadways and beside existing utilities. So no land needs to be purchased, and no one will be displaced. There will be some very temporary (up to one day) disruption to businesses, residents, and other facilities along the roadsides and utilities as the pipe construction, dig, bury, and test the piping. This is unavoidable, but it has standard operating procedures and various prevention and mitigation measures in place, based upon long experiences, to minimize these disruptions. This model has been applied in Transjakarta Busway Corridor VII. It was found that the best CNG pipeline route was in Kramat Jati.
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Judul: Determining Best Location of New Bakosurtanal Outlet Using GIS with Multicriteria Density Analysis.
Abstrak: As a government institution that holds survey and mapping activities in Indonesia Bakosurtanal has costumers spread out around this country. For about 75% of that costumers are from Jabodetabek area. Until today, product selling transaction is held by center outlet of Bakosurtanal, Cibinong, West Java and several outlets in Jabodetabek. The number of outlets in this area are not balance with the number of costumers. Thats why, Bakosurtanal plans to build several new outlets to increase services for its costumers. To determine the best location of new outlet, several factors need to be considered, such as customers and facilities spread out data. Geographical Information System (GIS) and several analysis process can be utilized to answer this big question. Determining Best Location of New Bakosurtanal Outlet Using GIS with Multicriteria Density Analysis is developed using arcGIS 9.2 software from ESRI. The primary goal of this experiment is to determine best location by considering density of all parameters. The parameters are costumers and facilities spread out data. The process is started from data clearing. This step is aimed to get unique and complete addressed costumers data. The following process is digitizing. In this step every costumers are mapped to the digital map by defining their spatial coordinate based on their real and complete addresses. The output of this step are point shapefiles. Survey is done to know the real position of costumer’s uncertain address. Beside it, the survey is aimed to get costumer’s opinion about best location of new outlets. When the point shapefile has been created, point density process can be started. All costumers and facilities data of every area are proceed to get their each density, and then they are classified to be 5 classes for every layer. The output of point density are raster image. The next step is overlaying. Overlay process is done between raster image of costumer and facilities. Unfortunately, all parameters do not have same influence to decide the best location. Thats why every raster image must be given weight. The weight of every raster image can be gotten by doing buffering and clipping. Both process are done to get information about how big facilities influences the costumers density. If there is positive correlation between facility and costumers, that facility will be given a big weight. In the contrary, it will be given small weight. How we give the weight of every facility is also depend on costumers opinion, based on the survey. When all facilities have been weighted, the overlay can be started. The output of overlay are shapefiles that can show best location of new outlet of every area. Keyword: GIS, density analysis, Bakosurtanal
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Judul: Infeksi leucocytozoon Smithi (Laveran dan Lucet, 1905) pada kalkun
Abstrak: Leucocytozoon smithi adalah parasit darah yang menyebabkan leucocytozoonosis pada kalkun, dan termasuk dalam genus Leucocytozoon yang perkembangan skizogoninya terja- di dalam sel-sel endotel dan sel-sel parenkhim hati, jan- tung, ginjal dan organ-organ lain dari unggas. Genus ini menghasilkan skizon yang besar. Gametogoninya terjadi di dalam sel-sel darah dan sel yang terinfeksi dapat berubah bentuk dan mengambil bentuk kumparan. Parasit ini tidak menghasilkan pigmen dan ditularkan oleh lalat penghisap darah dari genus Simulium. Infeksi kalkun terjadi pada saat sporozoit masuk ke dalam peredaran darah dan selanjutnya masuk ke dalam sel- sel parenkhim hati. Siklus hidupnya mirip dengan siklus hidup L. simondi seperti yang diuraikan di bawah ini. Skizogoni yang terjadi di dalam hati menghasilkan skizon hepatik. Skizon hepatik dewasa menghasilkan merozoit dan sinsitia. Merozoit dari skizon hepatik memasuki eritroblas dan eritrosit dan membentuk gametosit bulat, sedangkan sinsitianya dapat masuk ke dalam sel-sel RES dan kemudian membentuk megaloskizon. Megaloskizon dewasa menghasilkan merozoit yang kemudian masuk ke dalam limfosit dan leukosit lain membentuk gametosit memanjang. Gametositgametosit ini akan menjadi makrogametosit dan mikrogametosit. Perkembangan parasit dalam tubuh vektor (Simulium), segera dimulai setelah vektor menghisap darah kalkun yang mengandung gametosit ini. Dalam tubuh vektor ini akan ter- jadi pembuahan makrogamet oleh mikrogamet (tahap gametogoni). Dari pembuahan ini dihasilkan zigot yang bergerak (ookinet). Ookinet akan masuk dinding usus vektor untuk memulai tahap sporogoni yang menghasilkan sporozoit. Sporozoit ini akan menuju ke kelenjar ludah dan dari sini dapat dipindahkan lagi ke tubuh kalkun pada saat vektor menghisap darah. Vektor untuk L. smithi adalah S. occidentale, S. nigroparvum, S. slossonae, S. nigritarse. L. smithi berbahaya, terutama bagi kalkun-kalkun muda. Mortalitasnya dapat mencapai 90 persen. Gejala klinis yang ditimbulkannya antara lain anorexia, lemas dan cenderung untuk duduk, kekurusan dan kelemahan, sesak nafas dan in- koordinasi dan terjungkal terlihat pada stadium akhir dan selanjutnya kalkun mengalami coma kemudian mati…dst
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