Judul: Mempelajari pengaruh adanya ampas dan pengenceran dalam fermentasi brem bali
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh adanya ampas dan pengenceran dalam fermentasi brem Bali agar penggunaan beras ketan sebagai bahan baku lebih efi- sien. Bahan yang digunakan adalah beras ketan hitam dari Cianjur dan ragi cap Roda Mas R dari Solo. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah fermentasi alkohol tanpa ampas dan dengan ampas, serta pengenceran 50 persen dan tanpa pengenceran. Dipelajari juga pengaruh pada tiap tahap fermentasi, ya- itu awal fermentasi, akhir fermentasi serta pematangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap nilai-nilai asam total, asam-asam menguap, kadar gula pereduksi, kadar alkohol dan total padatan terlarut. Terhadap brem yang telah di- matangkan dilakukan pula analisa pH, kadar metanol, abu, total padatan setelah alkohol diuapkan, warna secara ob- yektif serta rasa dan aroma. Dari hasil penelitian ternyata pengenceran sangat meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan gula menjadi alkohol dan menghasilkan brem Bali yang lebih disukai dan memenu- hi konsep standard mutu brem untuk eksport. Juga dengan ...
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Judul: Mempelajari pengaruh waktu fermentasi dalam pembuatan brem padat biji nangka(Artocarpus heterophillus)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini merupakan salah satu usaha mencari bahan baku pembuatan brem padat selain beras ketan dan merupakan langkah awal pemanfaatan biji nangka yang selama ini masih dianggap sebagai limbah. Proses pembuatan brem padat biji nangka meliputi fermentasi biji nangka, penghancuran tape biji nangka, pemerasan, pemasakan sari tape biji nangka, pengadukan, pencetakan dan pengeringan. Untuk membuat brem padat dari biji nangka diperlukan beberapa bahan tambahan, yaitu glukosa, dekstrin dan putih telur. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa untuk memperoleh brem padat biji nangka dengan sifat-sifat yang mirip brem padat beras ketan diperlukan penambahan glukosa dan dekstrin sebesar 70 persen dengan perbandingan glukosa dekstrin= 71 dan putih telur sebesar 2 persen sebagai whipping agent. Dalam penelitian ini dipelajari pengaruh lama fermen- tasi (2,3,4,5 hari) dan suhu pemasakan (60°C, 70°C, 80°C) terhadap sifat-sifat brem padat biji nangka yang dihasilkan. ...
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Judul: The Construction of Greedy SVP LLL Algorithm
Abstrak: A lattice is a set of all integer linear combination of a set of linearly independent vectors in ℝ𝑛���. The independent vectors are called bases of lattice. Any lattice can be generated from many bases, and these bases have the same cardinality. In the lattice, the most fundamental and renowned problem is the Shortest Vector Problem (SVP). SVP is a tracking problem of the shortest nonzero vector in a lattice with equivalent bases. In two dimensions, SVP problem has resolved exactly by Gauss’ algorithm. When the lattice dimension is higher than two, A.K. Lenstra, H.W. Lenstra and L. Lovasz gave a LLL algorithm to compute approximation of nonzero shortest vector in the lattice. Reduced bases solution obtained from LLL algorithm still be an approximation and has polynomial running time of arbitrary dimension which large enough. In 1994, Schnoor and Euchner modified this LLL algorithm as a new variant which later was named deep insertion LLL algorithm. This algorithm is a modified version of the LLL algorithm to the terms of the exchange step to improve the accuracy of output of LLL reduced bases and applying it to the subset sum problem. The purpose of this research are: (1) Reconstruct the LLL algorithm and deep insertion LLL algorithm using a geometric approach. (2) Construct a greedy SVP LLL algorithm. (3) Implement the three algorithms in a symbolic programming language, and evaluate them experimentally. A bases ℬ=[𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑛���] in ℝ𝑚��� is called reduced LLL with parameter 𝛿��� if satisfies: (a) |𝜇���𝑗���𝑖���|≤12, for every integer 𝑖���,𝑗��� with 1≤𝑖���<𝑗���<𝑛���. (b)𝛿���‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���)‖2≤‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���+1)‖2, for 𝑗���=1,2,…,𝑛���−1,where 𝛿��� is a reduced parameter of real numbers with 14<𝛿���<1. The first requirement is the reduced basis 𝛿��� must “nearly orthogonal” and in its computation case, this requirement can be reached out by using the Gram-Schmidt’s orthogonalization. While the second requirement is called exchange step, or used to called as Lovasz condition. By using both of these requirements, then they establish the LLL algorithm. Then, Schnoor and Euchner modify the LLL algorithm based on the requirements of the exchange step called the deep insertion LLL algorithm, where the exchange step is based on the comparison of the projected vector in orthogonal complement [𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑘���−1]⊥ after j-th reduction. To construct greedy SVP LLL algorithm, the requirements of the exchange step is based on purely by comparing norm of lattice 𝐛���𝑗��� with norm lattice 𝐛���𝑖��� for 𝑖���=1,2,3…,𝑗���−1. The process of insertion reduced vector after the exchange step also has done greedily. Then, we calculate the number of arithmetic operation in greedy SVP LLL algorithm for further analysis. The result of our exprimentation for three algorithms on the certain matrix size shows that the running time of the three algorithms increases propotional to the size of the matrix. The result also shows that by using 𝛿���=34 for the LLL algorithm and the deep insertion LLL algorithm, and the greedy SVP LLL algorithm which is a new variant made by using no parameter of 𝛿���, outperform of the other of two previous algorithm in terms of speed with the same output.
Keyword: LLL algorithm, LLL deep insertion algorithm, greedy SVP LLL algorithm