Judul: Status Klor di Lahan Beks Pertanaman Padi yang Dipupuk KCl (Tanah Grumosol Bojonegoro), Pengaruhnya terhadap Pertumbuhan, Produksi dan Kualita Tembakau Virginia Varietas Coker 319
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh residu (sisa) klor dari pemupukan KC1 pada padi terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi dan kualitas tembakau Virginia varietas Coker 319. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan November 1989 - bulan Februari 1990 (penanaman padi), bulan Maret 1990-bulan September 1990 (penanaman tembakau) dan bulan Oktober 1990-bulan Maret 1991 (analisis kualitas).
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Judul: Pengaruh KCI, kapur dan bahan organik terhadap pola perubahan pH, Eh, Fe, K, Ca dan Mg larutan tanah, keracunan besi dan produksi padi (Oryza sativa L.) pada podsolik batumarta Sumatera Selatan
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh KCl, kapur dan bahan organik terhadap beberapa pola perubahan kimia dan unsur hara larutan tanah, keracunan besi, serta terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi padi sawah dan padi gogo. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca dengan rancangan percobaan acak lengkap. Pemupukan KCl diberikan dengan tiga taraf, yaitu 0, 60, dan 120 ppm K, kapur dalam tiga taraf, yaitu 0, 1 dan 2 ton/ha, bahan organik dalam dua taraf, yaitu 0 dan 10 ton/ha. Juga dilakukan pemberian K 120 ppm + kapur 2 ton/ha dan K 120 ppm + kapur 2 ton/ha + bahan organik 10 ton/ha. Tanaman uji yang digunakan adalah padi (Oryza sativa L.) varietas IR-64. Penggenangan meningkatkan pH larutan tanah sampai nilai sekitar 7.0, dan menurunkan potensial redoks larutan tanah. Meningkatkan rata-rata konsentrasi Fe larutan tanah sampai minggu ke-3, K larutan tanah sampai minggu ke-4, Ca larutan tanah sampai minggu ke-4, dan Mg larutan tanah sampai minggu ke-7, lalu menurun. Pemberian KCl meningkatkan rata-rata konsentrasi K larutan tanah. Pemberian K 60 ppm pada padi sawah nyata meningkatkan tinggi tanaman pada umur 5 mst (minggu setelah tanam), jumlah anakan pada umur 7, 10, 11, 12 dan 13 mst, bobot gabah isi, bobot gabah 1000 butir, cenderung menurunkan persen gabah hampa, dan sangat nyata meningkat- kan bobot jerami panen. Peningkatan dosis menjadi 120 ppm K sangat nyata meningkatkan jumlah anakan pada umur 7, 10, 11, 12 dan 13 mst, bobot gabah isi, bobot jerami panen, serta nyata meningkatkan bobot gabah isi. ...
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Judul: Identifikasi Molekuler Kompleks Spesies Himantura uarnak (Batoidea: Dasyatidae) di Indonesia.
Abstrak: Stingrays are one of the cartilaginous fish, apart of sharks and skates, and one of Indonesia's fishery resources. Almost of elasmobranch fishes are economically important fish. The refined products and live specimens of this fish are a lot of traded. Himantura uarnak, H. undulata and H. leoparda are stingray species in Himantura and Dasyatidae family, which are the most popular stingrays in Indonesia waters. The stingrays are major target species were used as a consumable product and trading products. Levels of species diversity of cartilaginous fish in Indonesia are very high, and also Indonesia is listed as one of the countries that use elasmobranch resources the highest in the world. Generally, this study aims to identify each species of H. uarnak species complex through molecular approaches. While specifically, this study aims to estimate the evolutionary process of species divergence and to determine the relationship between species. The methods were used in this study included field sampling, sample collection, and specimen identification, collection of genetic samples, analysis of genetic samples and data analysis . Size polymorphism nuclear DNA markers (intron EPIC) were used. Polymorphism alleles translated into genotypes and alleles frequency of five introns loci. The results of Bayesian analysis and Correspondence Analysis (CA) produced informative diagram of the population structure showed 4 different clusters. Cluster 1 and 4 were H. leoparda, Cluster 2 indicated as H. undulata and the Cluster 3 was H. uarnak. Cluster 1 was a variant of Cluster 4, in this time called as H. leoparda var.1. Separation of four clusters according to nuclear DNA need to be proved by mitochondria DNA maker by cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and cytochrome b (cyt b). Molecular approaches were using mitochondrial DNA gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and cytochrome b produced 4 main groups (Group I, II, III and IV). Both of these molecular approaches showed each individual of groups were in consistent clade and the main group. Hence the H. uarnak species complex in Indonesian waters were divided into 4 main groups, and each was a particular species. The Group I and IV were the two group species that have been released as H. leoparda and Group I was H. leoparda var. 1 identified as cryptic species. Group II was one individual who grouped as H. undulata. Group III was one of other group that identified as H. uarnak and in accordance with the morphological characteristic through spotting pettern. Morphological approach to identified the stingrays of Himantura uarnak species complex clearly less accurate than the molecular approaches. Morphological approach should not be used to identify a species complex in stingrays without helped by other approaches.
Keyword: Himantura uarnak species complex, intron EPIC, cyt b, COI, spotting pattern