Judul: Analisis biplot dalam mengevaluasi Standar Nasional Pendidikan terhadap nilai Ujian Nasional
Abstrak: Standar Nasional Pendidikan (SNP) adalah kriteria minimal mengenai sistem pendidikan di seluruh wilayah hukum Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Salah satu SNP yaitu standar kompetensi lulusan digunakan sebagai pedoman penilaian dalam penentuan kelulusan peserta didik dari satuan pendidikan. Dengan demikian, SNP yang tinggi diharapkan memiliki hasil Ujian Nasional (UN) yang baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis biplot untuk mengamati keterkaitan antara nilai UN dengan SNP pada kelompok Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) khususnya di Pulau Jawa serta gambaran posisi relatif kelompok SMA terhadap SNP dan nilai UN. Kelompok yang terbentuk berdasarkan analisis biplot ada lima dengan karakteristik yang berbeda satu sama lain. Terdapat kelompok SMA yang masih memiliki nilai SNP dan UN yang rendah yaitu SMA Swasta di Jawa Barat dan Jawa Tengah serta SMA di Banten baik swasta maupun negeri. Dengan demikian, mutu pendidikan kelompok tersebut masih perlu ditingkatkan agar dapat menjadi sekolah yang lebih baik. Selain itu, terdapat enam nilai SNP yang memiliki korelasi positif dengan nilai UN yang artinya semakin tinggi SNP maka semakin tinggi pula perolehan nilai UN pada SMA di Pulau Jawa.
Keyword: Biplot, national education standards, national examination

Judul: Penerapan Multilevel Generalized Structured Component Analysis untuk Melihat Hubungan antara Akreditasi dan Ujian Nasional
Abstrak: Standar Nasional Pendidikan (SNP) merupakan kriteria minimal tentang sistem pendidikan yang dikembangkan oleh Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan (BSNP) sebagai acuan dalam pelaksanaan akreditasi oleh Badan Akreditasi Nasional Sekolah/Madrasah (BAN S/M). BSNP juga bertugas untuk menyelenggarakan ujian nasional (UN) yang berbasis kertas-pensil (UNKP) dan berbasis komputer (UNBK). Pada akreditasi dan UN seringkali dipengaruhi oleh unsur hirarki atau level yang lebih tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi hubungan antara SNP dan UN pada jenjang SMP/MTs di pulau Jawa yang tersarang pada wilayah provinsi. SNP merupakan peubah laten karena tidak dapat diukur secara langsung, sehingga digunakan butir-butir indikator untuk mengukurnya. Structural equation modeling (SEM) merupakan suatu metode analisis yang digunakan untuk melihat hubungan antar peubah laten atau antara peubah laten dengan peubah indikatornya. Salah satu metode dalam SEM adalah generalized structured component analysis (GSCA) yang dikembangkan untuk mengatasi permasalahan pada SEM berbasis kovarian yang harus memenuhi asumsi parametrik, seperti sebaran data bersifat normal ganda dan pengamatan saling bebas. Pada praktiknya, data seringkali memiliki struktur bejenjang (hirarki), dimana sekolah tersarang pada wilayah kabupaten/kota/provinsi. Analisis multilevel GSCA (MGSCA) digunakan untuk melihat adanya perbedaan pola hubungan SNP dan UNBK antar provinsi yang dilihat dari nilai rataan dan simpangan baku koefisien jalur. Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara multilevel standar yang berpengaruh langsung terhadap UNBK adalah standar kompetensi lulusan, sedangkan standar isi, standar proses, dan standar penilaian berpengaruh secara tidak langsung terhadap UNBK melalui standar kompetensi lulusan. Selain itu, hubungan antara standar isi dan standar kompetensi lulusan terhadap UNBK memperlihatkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan di seluruh provinsi di pulau Jawa. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik provinsi memengaruhi mutu sekolah. Total keragaman dari semua peubah yang dapat dijelaskan oleh model pada data SMP/MTS di Jawa adalah sebesar 72.44%., National Education Standards (SNP) are the minimum criteria about the education system developed by the National Education Standards Agency (BSNP) as a reference in the implementation of accreditation by the National School/ Madrasah Accreditation Board (BAN S/M). BSNP is also tasked with holding a paper-based national exam (UNKP) and computer-based national exam (UNBK). Accreditation and the national exam are often influenced by hierarchical elements or higher levels. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between SNPs and the UNBK at the level of junior high school in Java which is nested in province. The SNP is a latent variable because it cannot be measured directly, so indicator items are used to measure it. Structural equation modeling (SEM) is an analytical method used to evaluate the relationship between latent variables or between latent variables and indicator variables. One method of SEM is generalized structured component analysis (GSCA) which was developed to overcome problems in covariance-based SEM that must meet parametric assumptions, such as multivariate normal distribution of data and independent observations. In practice, data often have a hierarchical structure where the schools are nested in district/city/province. Multilevel GSCA analysis (MGSCA) is used to see differences in the pattern of SNP and UNBK relationships between provinces as seen from the average value and standard deviation of path coefficients. Based on the analysis that has been done, it can be concluded that
Keyword: multilevel generalized structured component analysis, multilevel,, structural equation modeling, national education standards, national  examination

Judul: Biology and ecology of the buffalo fly, haematobia exigua de meijere (diptera:muscidae)
Abstrak: The life history of the buffalo fly was observed at room temperature of 27°-29.5°C and at a relative humidity of 48-68 percent. The eggs hatched after 17-22 hours, with an average of 18 hours. First instar larvae measured 1.25 + 0.16 mm long and 0.27 + 0.037 mm wide. reach the second larval stage. It took 6-12 hours to the second instar larvae measured 2.676 +0.187 mm long and 0.353 +0.028 mm wide. The second instar took about 12-24 hours to reach the third larval stage. The third instar measured 6.833 + 0.189 mm long and 0.919 + 0.051 mm wide. It took about 2-3 days for the third instar to become pupae. Duration of the pupal stage was about 5-7 days before the adults emerged. Under laboratory condition, the buffalo fly completed its life cycle in 9.5 to 10.5 days, whereas under field condition it took 9-14 days with an average of 10.5 days. The growth ratio which was based on the measurements of the cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton of each instar was 1.797. The preoviposition period was 8-12 days and mating usually occurred on the 6th or 7th day. The longevity of the male was 29 days, whereas it was 32 days in the female. The range of egg production under laboratory condition was between 20-139 per female fly. The belly and hind legs of the carabao were the most preferred habitat either during cloudy and cool dry or shiny and warm day. When the weather was clear and the carabao was in the shade, the flies tended to be more distributed particularly on the shoulder, dewlap, back and horns. The carabaos had relatively fewer Musca sp. and Stomoxys calcitrans than cattle; never the less carabaos had a higher infestation of buffalo fly than cattle. Oviposition occured either during the day or night but the buffalo flies were more active during the night than in the day time. The effect of various lengths of exposure time of manure in relation to the oviposition was profound. observed, the maximum number of the buffalo flies was occurred when the dung was exposed for 30 minutes. With increasing time of exposure the number and variety of insects also increase. It was evident that Sepsidae and psychodidae were the most dominant insects emerging from the dung. The number of buffalo flies also increased with increasing
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