Judul: Aplikasi Pancaran Elektron pada Sistim Penyimpanan Buah Tomat Segar dalam Pengemas Plastik AS (Akriloniteril Polistiren)
Abstrak: Tomat biasanya dipasarkan dalam bentuk segar tetapi cepat rusak karena kadar airnya tinggi. Salah satu teknik baru yang kemungkinan besar dapat memperpanjang kesegaran buah tomat adalah teknik pancaran elektron. Selama ini teknik pancaran elektron sebagai pembangkit ion negatif digunakan dalam penyamanan ruangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari prinsip kerja generator ion negatif dan mempelajari pengaruh pancaran ion negatif pada tomat segar selama penyimpanan di dalam pengemas plastilc AS (akrilonitril polistiren) .
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Judul: Aplikasi teknologi pancaran elektron dalam kemasan kotak karton dan peti kayu lapis untuk memperpanjang umur simpan buah tomas segar
Abstrak: Tomat (Licopersicum esculentum Mill.) termasuk komoditas pertanian yang banyak diusahakan oleh petani di pedesaan. Masalah utama pasca panen tomat adalah keadaan teksturnya yang mudah rusak oleh aktivitas enzim dan mikroorganisme. Hal ini erat hubungannya dengan karakteristik kimia, yaitu kandungan air yang relatif tinggi dan juga karakteristik fi- sik, seperti peningkatan laju respirasi yang mencolok. Sa- lah satu alternatif yang mungkin dapat memperpanjang umur simpan dan kesegaran buah tomat adalah teknologi pancaran elektron, yaitu pemberian pancaran elektron yang dapat mem- bangkitkan ion negatif di sekitar buah tomat. Teknik penyi- naran yang mengakibatkan ionisasi biasanya dapat menyebabkan penundaan kematangan, kerumunan serangga minimal dan terham- batnya kerusakan buah-buahan oleh aktivitas enzim dan mikro- organisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pem- berian pancaran elektron (ion negatif) dalam kemasan kotak karton dan peti kayu lapis terhadap perubahan fisik, kimia dan organoleptik dari tomat selama waktu tertentu. Rancang- an percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 3 perlakuan dan 2 kali ulangan. Perlakuan tersebut adalah (1) Lama penyimpanan (A) terdiri dari 4 taraf, yaitu penyimpanan 7 hari (Al), 14 hari (A2), 21 hari (A3), dan 28 hari (A4), (2) Tipe pancaran (B) terdiri dari 2 taraf, yaitu dengan pancaran elektron (B1) dan tanpa pancaran elektron (B2), (3) Jenis kemasan (C) terdiri dari 2 taraf, yaitu ke- masan kotak karton (C1) dan kemasan peti kayu lapis (C2). ...
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Judul: Biology and ecology of the buffalo fly, haematobia exigua de meijere (diptera:muscidae)
Abstrak: The life history of the buffalo fly was observed at room temperature of 27°-29.5°C and at a relative humidity of 48-68 percent. The eggs hatched after 17-22 hours, with an average of 18 hours. First instar larvae measured 1.25 + 0.16 mm long and 0.27 + 0.037 mm wide. reach the second larval stage. It took 6-12 hours to the second instar larvae measured 2.676 +0.187 mm long and 0.353 +0.028 mm wide. The second instar took about 12-24 hours to reach the third larval stage. The third instar measured 6.833 + 0.189 mm long and 0.919 + 0.051 mm wide. It took about 2-3 days for the third instar to become pupae. Duration of the pupal stage was about 5-7 days before the adults emerged. Under laboratory condition, the buffalo fly completed its life cycle in 9.5 to 10.5 days, whereas under field condition it took 9-14 days with an average of 10.5 days. The growth ratio which was based on the measurements of the cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton of each instar was 1.797. The preoviposition period was 8-12 days and mating usually occurred on the 6th or 7th day. The longevity of the male was 29 days, whereas it was 32 days in the female. The range of egg production under laboratory condition was between 20-139 per female fly. The belly and hind legs of the carabao were the most preferred habitat either during cloudy and cool dry or shiny and warm day. When the weather was clear and the carabao was in the shade, the flies tended to be more distributed particularly on the shoulder, dewlap, back and horns. The carabaos had relatively fewer Musca sp. and Stomoxys calcitrans than cattle; never the less carabaos had a higher infestation of buffalo fly than cattle. Oviposition occured either during the day or night but the buffalo flies were more active during the night than in the day time. The effect of various lengths of exposure time of manure in relation to the oviposition was profound. observed, the maximum number of the buffalo flies was occurred when the dung was exposed for 30 minutes. With increasing time of exposure the number and variety of insects also increase. It was evident that Sepsidae and psychodidae were the most dominant insects emerging from the dung. The number of buffalo flies also increased with increasing
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