Judul: Aktivitas yang berhubungan dengan pola konsumsi pakan tarsius (Tarsius bancanus) di penangkaran pada malam hari.
Abstrak: Indonesia is known as a country which has various spesies of flora and fauna. Many of them are becoming extinct these animal are very useful as an object of experiment and also as pet animals. Nowadays wild animals in Indonesia are facing serious problem by increasing in rate of extinction due to evolution and human unwise management of nature. Therefore, preventing the extinction of wild animals can be done by conservation and protection of wild animals in captivity. Tarsius bancanus is one of distinct animal that should be protected. Tarsius bancanus is a nocturnal animal that distributes in Kalimantan, Bangka, Natuna and Sumatera island. Information of feeding activity of Tarsius bancanus is limited, especially in captivity. Feeding activity is an important factor that can influence feed intake. This exsperiment is aimed at studying feeding activity and pattern of feed intake of Tarsius bancanus in captivity at night. Two tarsius from Sumatera, were used in this experiment. Data of activity were recorded which included feeding, drinking, urination, defecation, locomotion, grooming and resting avtivities. In addition, the amount of feed intake and fecal production were also recorded. Data were analized quantitatively and descriptively. The results show that feeding, drinking, urination, defecation, locomotion, grooming and resting activities are 18.98%, 1.20%, 11.95%, 4.53%, 34.48 %, 20.49% and 8.35 %. The highest feeding activity (3.54%) occurs at 18 – 19 p.m. with feed intake is 0.92 gram dry matter (DM). The lowest feeding activity (0.88%) occurs at 0 – 1 a.m. and 3 – 4 a.m with feed intakes 0.23 gram DM. The average daily feed intake is 4.93 gram DM, with the average of cricket intake is 2.54 gram DM and grasshoper intake is 2.39 gram DM. The average daily fecal production is 0.65 gram DM. The average daily protein intake of cricket and grasshoper are 1.53 gram and 1.70 gram. The average daily crude fiber intake of cricket and grasshoper are 0.19 gram and 0.51 gram. The average daily energy intake of cricket and grasshoper are 15.695 ccal and 12.738 ccal. Feeding activity at 18 – 19 p.m. are the highest activity that occurred, this time can be used as a guideline for effective feeding program of Tarsius bancanus in captivity.
Keyword: 

Judul: Studi pola tingkah laku makan Tarsius spectrum
Abstrak: Penelitian dilakukan di penangkaran Jl. Wanajaya, Pasir Kuda, Bogor, dari bulan Februari sampai dengan Maret 1999. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai tingkah laku makan Tarsius spectrum. Satwa tarsius adalah monyet terkecil di seluruh dunia. Habitat aslinya terdapat di Indonesia (Hutan Kalimantan, Bangka dan Sulawesi) dan Filipina. Satwa Tarsius spectrum ditemukan di Sulawesi dan merupakan hewan nokturnal dan insektivorous. Tarsius merupakan satwa yang perlu mendapatkan perhatian khusus, hal ini sangat penting mengingat satwa Tarsius sp. adalah hewan langka dan habitat aslinya sudah terancam oleh ulah manusia dan perburuan untuk dijadikan komoditi hewan kesayangan, untuk itu perlu digali pengetahuan mengenai satwa tarsius agar dapat mendukung penangkaran di luar habitatnya (ex situ). Penelitian ini mengamati aktivitas hariannya dalam 24 jam dan pola tingkah laku makan selama 12 jam dari pukul 18.00 sampai dengan 06.00 WIB. Pengamatan ini menggunakan metode One-Zero dengan interval lima menit (dua ulangan) dan menggunakan 10 ekor satwa Tarsius spectrum. Penelitian ini menghitung persentase frekuensi setiap tingkah laku Tarsius spectrum. Pakan yang diberikan yaitu jangkrik, ulat Hongkong, ulat bambu dan anak mencit. Pemberian pakan tergantung ketersediaan jenis pakan tersebut. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: kegiatan pasif (istirahat) dominan dilakukan pada pukul 06.00-18.00 WIB, sedangkan kegiatan aktif (merawat tubuh, membuat daerah teritorial, agonistik, seksual dan bermain serta makan) dominan dilakukan pada pukul 18.00-06.00 WIB, hal ini membuktikan bahwa Tarsius spectrum merupakan hewan nokturnal. Analisis statistik (P<0,05) menunjukkan bahwa frekuensi tingkah laku makan setiap jam dalam masa aktifnya berbeda nyata. Pola tingkah laku makan membentuk suatu rangkaian tingkah laku (behavior sequence) kecuali minum. Rangkaian tingkah laku makan satwa Tarsius spectrum tersebut pada pukul 18.00-06.00 WIB dari keseluruhan aktivitas makan yaitu mengamati mangsa (24%), menghampiri mangsa (23%), mengambil mangsa (9%), melumpuhkan mangsa (7%), kembali ke tenggeran (20%), memasukkan mangsa ke dalam mulut (8%) dan mengunyah mangsa (8%) serta minum (1%). Pukul 18.00 dan 02.00 WIB merupakan waktu efektif Tarsius spectrum untuk melakukan aktivitas makan. Jangkrik merupakan jenis mangsa yang disukai Tarsius spectrum.
Keyword: 

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
Keyword: