Judul: Beberapa Sift Reproduksi dan Kegiatan Inseminasi Buatan pada Kerbau Lumpur di Brebes Jawa Tengah
Abstrak: Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk memberitahukan gambaran beberapa sifat reproduksi kerbau serta bebearpa inseminansi buatan pada kerbau lumpur dengan semen beku pejantan Murrah di akbupaten Brebes, Jawa Tengah . Disamping studi literatur, tulisan ini memuat hasil wawancara dan pengisian kuisioner pada 25 kelompok peternak.
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Judul: Daya reproduksi dan beberapa aspek produksi kerbau lumpur (Bubalus bubalia) di kawasan pantai utara Jawa Tengah
Abstrak: Kerbau lumpur adalah hewan semiakuatik yang perkembangan populasinya sangat memprihatinkan. Di samping faktor rendahnya efieiensi reproduksi yang disangka sebagai penyebab utamanya, faktor peran kerbau sebagai ternak kerja dan ternak potong juga merupakan penghambat perkembangan populasinya. Faktor pengetahuan zooteknis petani, tatalaksana beternak, di samping terjadinya pergeseran penggunaan lahan yang mengakibatkan penyempitan habitat kerbau lumpur dan motivasi petani untuk memeliharanya juga merupakan kendala untuk mempertahankan populasi kerbau lumpur. Oleh karena daya reproduksi kerbau lumpur dl suatu kawasan dipengaruhi oleh faktor genetik, lingkungan alami, tatalaksana dan motivatasi beternak maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat dan tingkat reproduksi serta beberapa aspek produksi kerbau lumpur pada habitatnya di kawasan pantai utara Jawa Tengah sehubungan dengan penggunaan ternak tersebut sebagai ternak kerja di pedesaan.
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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