Judul: Analysis of Odour Levels in Ambient Air to Determine Environmental Nuisance Scale
Abstrak: Sebagian masyarakat merasakan kehadiran bau yang mengganggu meskipun konsentrasi baunya tidak melanggar Kepmen LH No. 50 Tahun 1996. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis konsentrasi senyawa kebauan dalam udara ambien, menentukan skala kebauan berdasarkan konsentrasinya dalam udara ambien, dan merancang bangun alat reduksi konsentrasi gas kebauan. Pengujian dilakukan dengan pengukuran konsentrasi gas kebauan dan skala hedonisme panelis menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi lima (5) parameter gas, yaitu amonia, metil merkaptan, hidrogen sulfida, metil sulfida, dan stirena di Lingkungan Industri Kecil (LIK) Kabupaten Magetan dan bak kompos Kota Bogor berada di bawah baku mutu. Semakin dekat titik lokasi pengukuran dengan sumber bau, kesan bau yang dirasakan semakin kuat. Hubungan antara konsentrasi gas dan skala hedonisme pada parameter amonia, yaitu sangat kecil, seperti terlihat dari koefisien koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,2189 di LIK Magetan dan 0,0476 di sekitar bak kompos. Nilai rata-rata skala hedonisme bau tinja dan bangkai masing-masing sebesar -3,0 dan -3,2. Nilai skala hedonisme bau tersebut dapat direduksi menggunakan biofilter. Efisiensi reduksi biofilter untuk reduksi bau ikan busuk sebesar 35%, bau kotoran kambing sebesar 70%, bau limbah kompos sebesar 82%, dan bau bangkai ayam sebesar 47%., Some people feel disturbing odour although the smell concentration does not violate the Minister of Environment Decree No. 50 of 1996. This study aims to measure and analyze the odorous compound’s concentration and several types of odour sources in ambient air, determine an odor scale based on its concentration in ambient air, and design odour gas concentration reduction device. The test carried out by measuring odorous gases’s concentration and hedonism scale questionnaire by panelists. The results concentration of five gas parameters, namely ammonia, methyl mercaptan, hydrogen sulfide, methyl sulfide, and styrene in the small industrial environment (LIK) of Magetan Regency and compost bins in Bogor City is below the quality standard. The odour smell stronger when measurement is closer to the source. The relationship between gas concentration and hedonism scale on ammonia parameter is very least as seen from coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.2189 (LIK Magetan) and 0.0476 (compost bin). The hedonism scale’s average of feces and carcasses odour was -3,0 and -3.2. The odor hedonism scale can be reduced using a biofilter. Biofilter’s reduction efficiency on rotten fish odour is 35%, goat manure odour is 70%, compost waste is odour 82%, and chicken carcass odour is 47%.
Keyword: : biofilter, hedonic scale, odour gas concentration, panelists

Judul: Analisis Gangguan Kebauan Lingkungan di Daerah Sekitar Tempat Pengelolaan Sampah Terpadu (TPST) Bantargebang
Abstrak: Bau dapat menyebabkan berbagai efek emosional dan sosial, mulai dari gangguan kebauan, efek kesehatan, hingga mengarah pada penurunan kualitas hidup. Kebauan merupakan salah satu jenis gangguan lingkungan yang telah ditetapkan baku mutunya. TPST Bantargebang merupakan TPST terbesar di Indonesia yang dibuat untuk penanganan sampah dari Kota Jakarta. Keluhan utama yang dirasakan oleh masyarakat secara langsung adalah gangguan kebauan. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis konsentrasi gas kebauan dalam udara ambien serta dispersi kebauan yang bersumber dari TPST Bantargebang. Parameter kebauan yang diteliti diantaranya amoniak (NH3), metil merkaptan (CH3SH), hidrogen sulfida (H2S), metil sulfida ((CH3)2S), dan stirena (C6H5CH=CH2). Skala hedonisme kebauan didapatkan dari pengukuran langsung di lapangan dengan dua metode, yaitu pengujian analisis kimia dan pengukuran secara sensorik menggunakan indra penciuman manusia. Konsentrasi senyawa kebauan di TPST Bantargebang masih dibawah baku mutu atau tidak melanggar Kepmen LH No.50 Tahun 1996. Kesan bau yang ditangkap panelis dalam radius 1,5 km dan radius 3 km berada dalam kategori skala hedonisme tanpa bau hingga agak tidak sedap. Hasil pemodelan membentuk pola dispersi kebauan yang berpusat pada sumber bau yakni TPST Bantargebang., The smell can cause various emotional and social effects, ranging from odor nuisance and health effects to a decrease in quality of life. Odor is one type of environmental disturbance that has been set quality standards. Bantargebang TPST is Indonesia's largest TPST, which is made to handle waste from Jakarta. The main complaint felt by the community directly is odor nuisance. This study aimed to analyze the concentration of odorous gas in the ambient air and the dispersion of odor originating from the Bantargebang TPST. The odor parameters studied included ammonia (NH3), methyl mercaptan (CH3SH), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), methyl sulfide ((CH3)2S), and styrene (C6H5CH=CH2). The odor hedonism scale was obtained from direct measurements in the field using two methods, namely chemical analysis testing and sensory measurements using the human sense of smell. The concentration of odor compounds in Bantargebang TPST is still below the quality standard or does not violate Minister of Environment Decree No. 50 of 1996. The odor impressions captured by panelists within a radius of 1,5 km and a radius of 3 km are in the hedonism scale category without odor to slightly unpleasant. The modeling results form an odor dispersion pattern centered on the odor source, Bantargebang TPST.
Keyword: Dispersion, Hedonism scale, Odor, Odor nuisance, Waste

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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