Judul: Simulasi Sistem Otomatis Timer Traffic light Berdasarkan Densitas Kendaraan Menggunakan Sensor Inductive Loop dan Fuzzy Logic
Abstrak: Kemacetan lalu lintas menjadi salah satu masalah yang serius di Indonesia. Kemacetan disebabkan oleh penumpukan kendaraan pada simpang jalan. Sementara itu pengaturan lalu lintas di indonesia masih konvensional menggunakan fixed timer dalam mengatur lama lampu lalu lintas menyala. Pada penelitian ini, sistem yang dikembangkan adalah sistem lalu lintas yang dapat menyesuaikan durasi warna lampu hijau lampu lalu lintas secara otomatis sesuai densitas kendaraan masing-masing ruas jalan dengan menggunakan sensor inductive loop dalam perhitungan kendaraan pada tiap-tiap ruas jalan. Densitas kendaraan ditentukan menggunakan sensor inductive loop yang ditempatkan tiap ruas jalan. Hasil perhitungan densitas kendaraan digunakan sebagai masukan fuzzy logic untuk mendapatkan lama waktu lampu lalu lintas warna hijau menyala. Simulasi dari metode menggunakan sensor inductive loop dan fuzzy logic menghasilkan durasi nyala lampu lalu lintas yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan banyakya kendaraan untuk berpindah jalur pada masing-masing ruas jalan.
Keyword: densitas kendaran, fuzzy logic, inductive loop, pengaturan sistem lalu lintas

Judul: Penerapan Graf Fuzzy pada Pengaturan Lampu Lalu  Lintas di Simpang Empat Duren Sawit Jakarta Timur
Abstrak: Simpang Empat Duren Sawit merupakan salah satu persimpangan yang arus lalu lintasnya cukup padat sehingga seringkali terjadi kemacetan pada simpang tersebut. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan mengoptimalkan fase dan durasi lampu lalu lintas sehingga dapat mengurangi kemacetan di Simpang Empat Duren Sawit. Pada penelitian ini, masalah pengaturan lampu lalu lintas pada Simpang Empat Duren Sawit dimodelkan sebagai masalah pewarnaan graf fuzzy dengan simpulnya yaitu arus kendaraan dan sisinya yaitu dua arus kendaraan yang dapat menimbulkan konflik lalu lintas. Berdasarkan hasil pewarnaan graf fuzzy dengan algoritma Welsh-Powell terdapat perbedaan fase lalu lintas antara hasil penelitian dengan hasil pengamatan. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan metode Webster untuk menentukan durasi lampu hijau maksimum dan menerapkan sistem inferensi fuzzy tipe Mamdani dengan bantuan software MATLAB R2014b untuk menentukan durasi lampu hijau setiap pendekat. Hasil keluaran dari sistem tersebut menunjukkan bahwa durasi lampu lalu lintas yang dihasilkan sistem inferensi fuzzy lebih optimal daripada sistem lalu lintas yang saat ini digunakan karena durasi lampu hijau yang dihasilkan dapat berubah secara adaptif sesuai dengan arus lalu lintas dan meminimalkan waktu tundaan rata-rata per kendaraan, Simpang Empat Duren Sawit is one of the intersections where the traffic flow is quite heavy, so traffic jams often occur at the intersection. Therefore, this study aims to optimize the phase and duration of traffic lights to reduce congestion at Simpang Empat Duren Sawit. In this study, the problem of setting traffic lights at the Duren Sawit Simpang Empat is modeled as a fuzzy with the vertices, which are vehicle flows, and the sides are two vehicle flows that can cause traffic conflicts. Based on the results of fuzzy graph coloring with the Welsh-Powell algorithm, there are differences in traffic phase between the study results and observations. This study also uses the Webster method to determine the maximum green light duration. It applies fuzzy with the help of MATLAB R2014b software to select the green light duration for each approach. The system's output shows that the time of the traffic light generated by the fuzzy is more optimal than the current traffic system because the duration of the green light generated can change adaptively according to traffic flow and minimize the average delay time per vehicle.
Keyword: fuzzy graph, graph coloring, phase, traffic light duration

Judul: Heterologous Expression Of Endo-Β-Xylanase From Bacillus Pumilus Strain Bcrs-01 In Escherichia Coli.
Abstrak: Xylanases are glycoside hydrolase family 11 which depolymerise xylan in the plant cell wall, the most excessive form of hemicellulose. Endo-β-xylanases (EC 3.2.1.8) are most important to breakdown β-1,4-glicoside bond of xylan to produce disaccaride xyloolygosaccaride (XOs) and xylose (monomer). Bovine rumen fluids have potential to obtain endo-β-xylanase produced of bacteria. The objectives of this study were to obtain xylanase producing bacteria and to express xynA gene encoding endo-β-xylanase from bacterium in Escherichia coli. Twenty nine isolate bacteria have been succesfully isolated from bovine rumen fluid in agar medium containing birchwood xylan. Isolate BCRS-01 bacterium was previously screened for the high production of xylanase. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, BCRS-01 showed high similarity (99%) to Bacillus pumilus (accession number NR043241). The crude xylanase had optimal activity at 55oC, pH 7.0. Furthermore, the crude xylanase exhibited broad pH stability from 4.0 to 10.0 and remained more than 60% and 40% of its activity after incubation at pH 4.0 until 10.0, respectively for 60 min. It also showed a stability at temperature 25-50oC since it retained 80% and 50% of its activity when incubated at 50oC or 30 and 60 min, respectively. The xylanase activity was strongly inhibited by Ca2+ and Cu2+ at concentration 10 mM, and as little as 1 mM for Mn2+. Therefore, this xylanase has potentially used as additive feeds in animal feed industry. The DNA sequence xynA gene encoded endo-β-xylanase was amplified and cloned into the expression vector pET-15by under the control of T7 promoter. The recombinant protein had succesfully expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS. A protein recombinant of approximately, 26.7 kDa was observed on the SDS-PAGE analysis. Crude extract of recombinant endo-β-xylanase demonstrated activity of enzyme at 56 U mL-1 using birchwood xylan as a substrate at 55oC for 10 min.
Keyword: Bacillus pumilus, bovine rumen fluid, endo-β-xylanase, heterologous expression.