Judul: The Relationship between Soil Hydraulic Conductivity and Soil Physical Properties as a Consequence of Soil Conservation Tillage and Its Relationship to Surface Runoff and Erosion
Abstrak: Aliran permukaan dan erosi merupakan penyebab penurunan kualitas sifat fisik tanah di daerah tropika basah seperti di Indonesia. Untuk mengurangi besarnya aliran permukaan dapat dilakukan dengan peningkatan kemampuan peresapan tanah (hantaran hidrolik). Berbagai teknik konservasi tanah dan air dapat meningkatkan hantaran hidrolik tanah melalui perbaikan sifat-sifat fisik tanah, yang selanjutnya diharpkan dapat mengurangi aliran permukaan dan erosi. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan penelitian tentang pengaruh teknik konservasi tanah dan air terhadap hantaran hidrolik tanah. Serangkaian penelitian dilakukan di lapangan untuk mengamati hantaran hidrolik dan sifat-sifat fisik yang mempengaruhinya serta pengaruhnya terhadap aliran permukaan dan erosi. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Pendidikan Cikabayan, IPB Dramaga, dengan perlakuan Kontrol (P1), Slot Till (P2), Slot Till + teras gulud + saluran (P3), Slot Till + teras gulud + saluran + mulsa organik (P4), dan Slot Till + teras gulud + saluran + mulsa organik + LRB (P5) yang disusun dalam rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hantaran hidrolik pada perlakuan Slot Till + teras gulud + saluran + mulsa organik (P4) paling besar (3.05 cm/jam), diikuti oleh hantaran hidrolik pada perlakuan Slot Till + teras gulud + saluran + mulsa organik + LRB (P5; 2.68 cm/jam), P3 (2.32 cm/jam), P2 (1.71 cm/jam), dan P1 (0.85 cm/jam). Hantaran hidrolik tanah dipengaruhi oleh bobot isi, stabilitas agregat, dan ruang pori drainase. Peningkatan hantaran hidrolik tanah akibat teknik konservasi tanah dan air di atas dapat menurunkan aliran permukaan dan erosi., Surface runoff and erosion are causes of a decrease in the quality of soil physical properties in wet tropical areas such as Indonesia. To reduce the amount of surface runoff, it can be done by increasing the soil's hydraulic conductivity. Various soil and water conservation techniques can increase the hydraulic conductivity of the soil by improving the physical properties of the soil, which in turn is expected to reduce surface runoff and erosion. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on the effect of soil and water conservation techniques on soil hydraulic conductivity. A series of studies were carried out to observe hydraulic conductivity and the physical properties that influence it as well as their effect on surface runoff and erosion. The research was conducted at the Cikabayan Field Stasion, IPB Dramaga, with Control (P1), Slot Till (P2), Slot Till + bund terrace + channel (P3), Slot Till + bund terrace + channel + organic mulch (P4), and Slot treatments. Slot Till + bund terrace + channel + organic mulch + LRB (P5) arranged in a completely randomized design (RAL). The results showed that the hydraulic conductivity in the Slot Till + bund terrace + channel + organic mulch (P4) treatment was the greatest (3.05 cm/hour), followed by the hydraulic conductivity in the Slot Till + bund terrace + channel + organic mulch + LRB (P5; 2.68 cm/hour), P3 (2.32 cm/hour), P2 (1.71 cm/hour), and P1 (0.85 cm/hour). Soil hydraulic conductivity is influenced soil bulk density, soil aggregate stability, and drainage pore space. The increased of soil hydraulic conductivity due to soil and water conservation techniques can reduce surface runoff and erosion
Keyword: Erosion, Runoff, Soil and Water Conservation, Soil hydraulic conductivity, Soil physical properties

Judul: Soil Shear Strength Due to Slot Till Processing and Various Gulud Terrace Treatments
Abstrak: Pengolahan dan pengelolaan tanah yang kurang tepat merupakan salah satu penyebab terjadinya pemadatan pada suatu lahan sedangkan kemiringan lereng yang curam merupakan salah satu penyebab terjadinya erosi. Tanah yang padat akan sulit ditembus oleh akar dan cenderung mempunyai kekuatan geser tanah yang tinggi. Erosi dapat terjadi pada tanah yang padat akibat penurunan kemampuan tanah dalam menyerap air terutama pada area berlereng dengan curah hujan tinggi. Salah satu cara untuk mencegah terjadinya erosi adalah dengan menerapkan teknik konservasi seperti pembuatan slot till dan teras gulud. Penerapan teknik slot till dan teras gulud diharapkan dapat mengurangi laju erosi tanah dan memperbaiki sifat fisik tanah sehingga pertumbuhan tanaman tidak terganggu. Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengolahan secara slot till dan berbagai perlakuan teras gulud yang dikombinasikan dengan penambahan mulsa organik dan lubang resapan biopori (LRB) terhadap kekuatan geser tanah serta sifat-sifat fisik tanah dilaksanakan di Petak Erosi Kebun Pendidikan Cikabayan IPB. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan, yaitu perlakuan berupa penanaman menurut kontur dan baris tanaman yang dibuat gundukan sebagai kontrol (P1), slot till (P2), slot till dan guludan bersaluran (P3), slot till dan guludan bersaluran yang diberi mulsa (P4), slot till dan guludan bersaluran yang ditambahkan mulsa serta LRB (P5); setiap perlakuan dilakukan ulangan sebanyak 3 kali. Pengukuran kekuatan geser tanah dilakukan pada 3 kondisi kadar air (rendah, sedang, tinggi) menggunakan alat TORVANE pocket shearmeter dan analisis sifat fisik serta kimia yang berkaitan dengan kekuatan geser tanah dilakukan di laboratorium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kekuatan geser tanah pada lahan dengan perlakuan P1, P2, dan P3 cenderung lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan P4, dan P5. Kekuatan geser terendah terjadi pada perlakuan dengan penambahan mulsa organik pada saluran (P4) dan disertai LRB (P5). Bobot isi tanah dan ruang pori total berkorelasi positif terhadap kekuatan geser tanah, sedangkan kadar C-organik (bahan organik) berkorelasi negatif terhadap kekuatan geser tanah., Improper soil tillage and management is one of the causes of land compaction while steep slope is one of the causes of erosion. Compacted soil causes roots to have difficulty to penetrate and tends to have higher soil shear strength. Erosion can occurre on compacted soils due to the decrease of the soil’s ability to absorb water especially in a steep slope area with high rainfall. One of the methods to prevent erosion is by applying conservation techniques such as slot tilling and gulud terrace. The application of slot tillage and gulud terrace techniques is expected to reduce the rate of soil erosion and improve soil physical properties so that plant growth is not disturbed. Research aimed at determining the effect of slot tillage processing and various gulud terrace treatment in the form of the addition of organic mulch and biopore infiltration pits on soil shear strength and soil physical properties was conducted at the Erotion Plots of the Cikabayan Experimental Farm of IPB. The research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of five treatments namely control (P1), Slot Tillage (P2), Slot Tillage with terrace bund (P3), Slot Tillage with terrace bund equipped with organic mulch on the trench (P4), Slot Tillage with terrace
Keyword: Gulud Terrace, slot tillage, soil shear strength, physical properties

Judul: Pengembangan Model Codebook untuk Identifikasi Chord Gitar
Abstrak: Acoustic guitar can produce sound waves with different types of tones. High-low tone is determined by the fundamental frequency of the sound wave. Human sense of hearing can distinguish high-and low tones, but can not know for sure what kind of tone is heard by him. This study developed a guitar chord recognition system. This study uses MFCC as feature extraction methods and the codebook as pattern recognition method for identification of the guitar chord. Cluster technique used in this study is the K-means clustering. Data obtained from MFCC are clustered using the K-Means method, and the model for classification is constructed using the codebook method. The parameters used in MFCC is the number of cepstral coefficients, overlap, and the time frame, while an important parameter in the K-Means is the number of clusters. This study uses 8640 guitar chord sounds from 24 classes. Each of the data is made up of two chords which will be tested. Simulation results show that the maximum accuracy obtained is 98.89% obtained on 26 cepstral coefficients, overlap 0.4, time frame is 30 ms, on 100 clusters.
Keyword: chord, codebook, k-means, mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC)