Judul: Kasus Smp Tamansiswa, Jakarta Pusat
Abstrak: Criminal News on TV could influence audiences and had made changed in many aspects such as cognitive, affective, and behavioral. This research only confine on cognitive and affective. The objective to know audience’s exposure of criminal news on TV, to identify the factors which related with audience’s exposure of criminal news on TV, to identify cognitive effect and affective that will be confine in adolescent as consequence of the audience’s exposure of criminal news on TV, and analyze relationship between audience’s exposure of criminal news on TV and cognitive effect and affective that will be confine in adolescent as consequence of the audience’s exposure of criminal news on TV. The research held on SMP Tamansiswa, Jl Garuda No.25, Kebayoran, Jakarta Pusat, on Mei 2009. Population are adolescent who is student, 13rd and 14th years old include eight grade of junior high school. Sample (58 subjects) was selected by cluster random sampling method. The results showed that 1) subjects didn’t have preference with kind of criminal news that they were watched on TV. They watched criminal news on TV frequently (<5 times for a week) with sufficient duration (<15 minutes; 15-25 minutes). (2) Audience’s exposure of criminal news on TV didn’t relate with Personal Characteristics (age, gender, and achievement of academic), but only motive for watching was proofed related with kind of criminal news. Social characteristic that was related with audience’s exposure of criminal news on TV is occupation of mother. (3) Criminal news on TV causes effect in audiences at medium level on cognitive and affective aspects with balance proportion. (4) Exposure of criminal news on TV in adolescent didn’t relate with cognitive aspect, but it has relationship with affective aspect. There were relationship among frequency for watching and violence of tolerant.
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Judul: Hubungan Minat, Motif dan Pola Menonton Sinetron di Televisi dengan Perilaku Hedonis Remaja (Kasus SMA Negeri dan Swasta Kota Bogor)
Abstrak: Television is one of the preferred mass media society. Television show an interesting and colorful pictures. Television produce a sound like a reality. One type of television show is a soap opera. Soap operas aired everyday and have highest rating among others. Based on social learning theory, the audience copying something of what they saw. Today, the soap opera always displays the glamour and violence. Results of previous studies show that tha violence affects to teenage aggressiveness. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between soap operas and teenage behavior. The purpose of this study is to determine the interests, motives and patterns of watching soap operas on television with the hedonic teenage behavior. This research had done by quantitative survey using a descriptive correlational design. Respondents were students from the SMA Negeri 2, SMA Negeri 3, SMA Bina Bangsa Sejahtera and SMA Budi Mulia in Bogor that had selected by proportional stratified random sampling technique. Instrumentation used was a questionnaire. It tested for validity and reliability with validity test Pearson product moment correlation and reliability test split half coefficient. Research conducted after the test questionnaire. Data processed by the frequency distribution table and the mean scores, chi-square analysis and Spearman rank correlation test with SPSS for Windows version 17,0. Teenages had low interest and motives of watch soap operas, and medium patterns of watch soap operas. Teenage hedonic behavior was low. Interests and motives to watch soap operas had a highly significant relationship (p<0,01) with a pattern of watching soap operas, except for personal motives relationship with the intensity of watching had correlated significantly (p<0,05). Watch soap operas pattern was not correlated significantly (p>0,05) with teenage hedonic behavior, except for relations with the intensity of behavior had a real relationship with laziness (p<0,05).
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Judul: Perbaikan Proses Pemurnian Gliserol Hasil Samping Industri Biodiesel Menggunakan Distilasi Vakum
Abstrak: Gliserol dari hasil samping industri biodiesel minyak sawit setiap tahun jumlahnya kian meningkat. Gliserol tersebut umumnya hanya memiliki kadar gliserol 40-50% karena masih banyak mengandung pengotor berupa sisa metanol, sisa katalis, asam lemak, air, maupun bahan pengotor lainnya sehingga perlu ditingkatkan kemurniannya agar dapat digunakan di berbagai industri dan meningkatkan nilai jualnya. Salah satu cara yang digunakan untuk memurnikannya adalah dengan penambahan asam fosfat yang dapat meningkatkan kadar gliserol dari 47% menjadi 83%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kondisi proses pemurnian gliserol (±80%) menggunakan metode distilasi vakum untuk menghasilkan gliserol dengan kadar lebih tinggi (±90%). Kondisi terbaik proses pemurnian gliserol melalui metode distilasi vakum adalah pada suhu 90-95°C dan tekanan 15 InHg (0,51 Bar) dengan kecepatan pengadukan 300 rpm selama 2 jam. Kondisi tersebut menghasilkan gliserol dengan kadar gliserol 94,19%, kadar air 0,01%, kadar abu 2,96%, kadar MONG 2,84%, densitas 1,261 gr/cm3, specific gravity 1,264, viskositas 214 cP, viskositas kinematis (40°C) 106 cSt, warna kuning kecoklatan, pH 6,2, bilangan asam 3,88 mg KOH/g sampel, titik didih 110°C, titik nyala >140°C, titik tuang -30°C, dan titik awan -21°C. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa suhu yang digunakan pada proses distilasi vakum telah memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap karakteristik gliserol murni yang dihasilkan.
Keyword: gliserol, biodiesel, minyak sawit