Judul: Optimasi Pola Penjadwalan dan Analisa Biaya Operasi Alat/Mesin Pemotong Rumput (Studi Kasus di Damai Indah Golf dan Country Club Bumi Serpong Damai Tangerang)
Abstrak: Golf merupakan permainan lansekap yang terjadi pada suatu hamparan rumput dan pemain dituntut untuk bersaing atau berlomba dengan lapangan, lubang bola, dan keahlian pemain dalam melawan lansekap di lapangan golf. Umumnya lapangan golf mempunyai nilai estetika yang sangat tinggi, karena itu diperlukan pemeliharaan lapangan yang intensif untuk mempertahankan fungsi dan estetikanya.
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Judul: Penjadwalan kerja mesin-mesin pemotong rumput dengan bantuan program komputer : Studi kasus di padang golf matoa nasional Jakarta
Abstrak: Ketinggian rumput merupakan syarat berpengaruh pada laju gelindingan bola di atas rumput, sehingga diperlukan suatu kegiatan pemeliharaan yang tepat. Salah satu kegiatan pemeliharaan yang paling utama adalah kegiatan pemotongan rumput. Kegiatan pemotongan rumput bertujuan menjaga kualitas rumput baik secara visual maupun fungsional dan menjaga kondisi lapangan selalu siap pakai sesuai standar permainan yang berlaku. Pada waktu pemain tiba di lapangan, mesin harus sudah selesai memotong rumput sehingga tidak terjadi penundaan permainan. Masalah yang terjadi di Padang Golf Matoa Nasional (PGMN) adalah pada saat pemain golf tiba di lapangan masih ada mesin yang bekerja memotong rumput sehingga rumput di areal tersebut belum terpotong dengan baik. Ketinggian rumput yang tidak sesuai dengan standar permainan sangat berpengaruh terhadap laju gelindingan bola dan suara bising dari mesin pemotong rumput yang masih bekerja mengganggu konsentrasi pemain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa dan mengoptimasi jadwal pemotongan rumput lapangan golf serta menganalisa biaya pemotongan rumput berdasarkan jadwal pemotongan rumput lapangan golf. Proses penyelesaian penelitian dilakukan dengan beberapa tahapan yaitu: menyusun model jadwal pemotongan rumput, percobaan lapangan (studi kasus) untuk menentukan parameter-parameter yang terlibat dalam penjadwalan dan menyusun program komputer untuk menentukan jadwal pemotongan yang optimum dan biaya pemotongan rumput. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah program komputer dengan nama program jadwal pemotongan rumput (JPR). Keluaran dari program tersebut adalah jadwal pemotongan yang optimum.
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Judul: Phylogeography and Species Limits in the Papuan White Snake (Micropechis ikaheka) (Reptilia: Serpentes: Elapidae)
Abstrak: Papua white snake, Micropechis ikaheka, has been distingushed into two subspecies M.i. ikaheka and M.i. fasciatus. However, due to lack of data on their morphology, distribution and ecology, both subspecies often ignored in scintific discussions and refers only byas , Micropechis ikaheka. This study was designed to document the differences between M.i. ikaheka and M.i fasciatus by using scales characteristics and reproductive organ or hemipenes. The study also examine, zoogeography, habitat, diet and cannibalism of both subspecies to better understanding the the ecology of one of the most venomous snakes in the world. This study consists of three topics with method and also different in the size samples, respectively. The first study is the histology and microtopography of the skin were studied using paraffin method and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The second is the hemipenis were examined by following Myers and Cadle (2003), and Zaher and Prudente (2003). The third is the abdominal surgery was carried out to document diet type and the investigate phenomenon of cannibalism in the snake. Specimens for this study came from the collection from Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB) and Universitas Negeri Papua’s Laboratory (LZU). The research result also indicated that the markers of skin and hemipenis described the same structure and microornamentation in all M. ikaheka groups being compared. Based specimens examined morphological descriptions do not s support the further differentiation in Micropechis. In short, two markers that used in this study could not sufficiently indicate the differences in the level of species and subspecies of M. ikaheka. The study, however, were able to delineate zoogeography and skin color patterns, which fall into four groups: M. i. ikaheka; M. i. fasciatus. M. i. ssp. “intermediate”; and M. i. ssp “black”. This study also revealed that color variations did not overlap in their geographic distribution. It is therefore, it suggested that environmental factors may contribute to the skin color variations. It also assumed that habitat discontinuous and biogeography factors may also cause the loss of the connection between the original populations (vicarians) or follow colonization events (dispersal). The examined of 22 stomach contents of M. ikaheka shows this species is carnivorous, and prey on vertebrates such as amphibians, fish, reptiles, and Mammals. These snakes are opportunistic predators since they prey on all that can be captured, but mainly reptiles (61.5%), followed by mammals and fish (both 15.4%), and amphibians (7.7%). Although categorized as terrestrial animal, the diet study showed that M. ikaheka snakes often go into the water to hunt for fish (the sample from Yapen island), including eel (the sample from Aru island). Based on prey items indentified, there is evidence that M. ikaheka is cannibal. At this time, there still no record on reason for cannibalism, but it is assumed that cannibalism was due to competition between populations and means to control population.
Keyword: geographic variation, white snake, papua