Judul: Characterization of Protease from Blood and Cloning of Factor C cDNA from Indonesian Horseshoe Crab (Tachypleus gigas)
Abstrak: The horseshoe crab blood has some medical benefits, especially for endotoxin detection, which is an ability thought to be due to proteases’ role. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize proteases derived and to isolate factor C from horseshoe crab blood collected from Banyuasin Estuary, South Sumatra, Indonesia. With the blood sample, 1 EU/ mL of endotoxin was detected using the LAL test method, but a concentration of 0.5 EU/mL was not detected. Furthermore, the molecular mass was between 60-75 kDa and 25-35 kDa. It also had protease activity at a molecular mass below 60 kDa, while the highest activity was at temperatures 70 °C as well as pH 11. Besides, the enzyme’s activity was mostly inhibited in the presence of PMSF, EDTA, and SDS, but potentially increased by Tween-20 and cofactors such as Mg2+ and Ca2+. Based on the results, the enzymes contained in horseshoe crab blood belong to serine proteases. Light chain factor C fragment has been isolated from the blood of Tachypleus gigas (990 bp) and ligated to pGem-T-easy. The light chain sequence from T.gigas is similar to T. tridentatus sequence with a percent identity of 98.38%.
Keyword: blood, endotoxin, factor C, horseshoe crab, serine protease

Judul: Haplotype Diversity of Horseshoe Crab (Tachypleus  gigas, Muller 1785) based on 16S rRNA Gene Markers as a Basis for Conservation
Abstrak: Tachypleus gigas merupakan salah satu spesies mimi yang banyak ditemukan di Indonesia, namun belum memiliki ketersediaan informasi biologi molekuler yang mencukupi dengan status konservasi data deficient menurut IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Kajian keragaman haplotipe merupakan langkah awal dalam upaya konservasi dan pengelolaan mimi T. gigas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menduga kesehatan populasi mimi T. gigas di perairan Jaring Halus, Kabupaten Langkat, Tambak Lorok, Kota Semarang, serta perairan Kampung Gisi, Kabupaten Bintan melalui analisis keragaman haplotipe berdasarkan marka gen 16S rRNA. DNA total hasil isolasi dan ekstraksi diamplifikasi kemudian disekuensing untuk mendapatkan urutan basa nukleotida. Hasil BLASTn menunjukkan bahwa sampel tervalidasi Tachypleus gigas. Hasil jarak genetik mimi T. gigas antarlokasi menunjukkan hubungan kekerabatan yang dekat. Kesehatan populasi mimi T. gigas di Langkat dan Semarang terindikasi baik dengan nilai keragaman haplotipe yang tinggi, sedangkan di Bintan terindikasi kurang baik dengan nilai keragaman haplotipe yang rendah., Tachypleus gigas is one of horseshoe crab species found in Indonesia, but does not yet have sufficient molecular biology information available with status conservation data deficient according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. The study of haplotype diversity is the first step in the conservation and management of horseshoe crab T. gigas. This study aims to predict the populations health of T. gigas in the waters of Jaring Halus, Langkat Regency, Tambak Lorok, Semarang City, and the waters of Gisi Village, Bintan Regency through analysis of haplotype diversity based on 16S rRNA gene markers. Total DNA isolated and extracted was amplified and then sequenced to obtain the nucleotide base sequence. BLASTn results show that the sample validated by Tachypleus gigas. The results of horseshoe crab T. gigas genetic distance between locations showed a close kinship relationship. The population health of the horseshoe crab T. gigas in Langkat and Semarang indicated good with high haplotype diversity values, meanwhile in Bintan indicated poor health with low haplotype diversity value
Keyword: 16S rRNA, haplotype diversity, Tachypleus gigas

Judul: Peranan Pesantren dalam Pembangunan Pedesaan
Abstrak: Pesantren (pondok atau pondok pesantren) adalah suatu lembaga pendidikan keagamaan Islam yang pada umumnya tumbuh di kalangan masyarakat pedesaan. Pertumbuhannya merupakan hasil refleksi pimpinan pesantren dan masyarakat terhadap kebutuhan masyarakat sekitar. Disamping sebagai lembaga pendidikan keagamaan, diharapkan pesantren dapat berperan sebagai lembaga sosial kemasyarakatan yang dapat membantu pemerintah dalam menyebar luaskan inovasi pembangunan kepada masyarakat, dan menggerakkan masyarakat agar berperan serta dalam pembangunan.
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