Judul: Profil sel beta Pulau Langerhans Pada Tikus Diabetes Mellitus yang Diberi Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pemberian minyak kelapa murni atau virgin coconut oil (VCO) terhadap jumlah sel beta dan pulau Langerhans pada jaringan pankreas tikus. Sebanyak 25 ekor tikus putih jantan (Rattus norvegicus) galur Sprague Dawley digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Tikus dibagi menjadi lima kelompok perlakuan, yaitu (1) Kontrol negatif (K-),(2)Kontrol positif (K+, tikus diabetes mellitus dan dicekok aquadest 5 ml), (3) Kelompok tikus diabetes mellitus dan dicekok VCO A (VA) sebanyak 5 ml, (4) Kelompok tikus yang dicekok VCO B (VB) sebanyak 5 ml, (5) Kelompok tikus diabetes mellitus dan dicekok minyak goreng (MG) sebanyak 5 ml. Semua kelompok perlakuan diinduksi alloxan dengan dosis 110 mg/kgBB (IP) untuk mendapatkan kondisi diabetes mellitus kecuali pada kelompok kontrol negatif (K-). Perlakuan diberikan selama 28 hari. Organ pankreas disampling di akhir perlakuan kemudian diproses dengan metode embedding parafin. Potongan jaringan diwarnai dengan Hematoxillin-Eosin (HE) terhadap morfologi umum pankreas dan jumlah pulau Langerhans serta pewarnaan immunohistokimia terhadap sel β pada pulau Langerhans. Jaringan pankreas kelompok perlakuan K+ dan MG memiliki jumlah sel yang mengalami degenerasi dan nekrosa lebih banyak bila dibandingkan dengan jaringan pankreas kelompok perlakuan VA dan VB. Jumlah pulau Langerhans pada kelompok perlakuan VA, VB, dan MG menunjukkan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata dengan kontrol positif. Sedangkan jumlah sel beta kelompok perlakuan VA (22.78 ± 7.08b) dan VB (18.89 ± 8.27b) lebih tinggi secara nyata (p<0.05) dibandingkan jumlah sel β pada kelompok kontrol positif (10.11 ± 6.95a) Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa VCO mampu menghambat laju kerusakan sel β jaringan pankreas tikus diabetes mellitus The aim of this research is to evaluate the effect of virgin coconut oil on the number of betacells and the is lets of Langer hansin the pancreatictis sueodiabetic rats. A total of 25 white male rats (Rattus norvegicus), Sprague Dawley were used for this study. These rats were dividedin to 5 groups; (1) Negative control (group K-), (2) Positive control (group K+, diabetic rats which was orally treated with aquadest 5ml), (3) Diabetes mellitus group which was orally treated with VCOA 5ml(VA), (4) Diabetes mellitus group which was orally treated with VCOB 5ml (VB), (5) Diabetes mellitus which was orally treated with coconut oil 5ml(MG). Therats of all group was injected by all oxan (IP, 110mg/kgBW) to get diabetic condition, except for the negative control. Treatments were done for 28 days. The pancreas tissues were obtained at the end of the treatment and processed using paraffin embedding methods. The tissues were stained with Hematoxillin-Eosin for morphological study and analysis of the number of Langer hansis lets, as well asimmunohistochemical staining for betacells analysis. The pancreatic tissues of positive control group showed the number of degenerating and necrotizing cell shigher than that of VA and VB group. The number of the is lets of Langer hanson the group so fVA, VB and MG were not significantly different compared to that of positive control group. However, the number of betacells of VA group (22.78±7.08b)andVBgroup(18.89±8.27b)weresignificantlyhigher(p<0.05)thanthatofpositivecontrolgroup(10.11±6.95a).ThisstudyshowedthatVCOtreatmentinhibittherateofpancreaticβ cellsdamage. K eywords: Virgincoconutoil, diabetes mellitus, betacells, isletsof Langerhans,rats
Keyword: Beta cells, Diabetes mellitus, Pancreatic

Judul: Pengaruh Proses Pembuatan Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Terhadap Aktivitasnya sebagai Penurun Kadar Glukosa Darah pada Tikus Diabetes Melitus
Abstrak: Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) has been produced nationally or internationally in various processing methods. Each of the processing method has claimed its own excellence, especially on its lauric acid content that found highest in VCO product. Based on that point of view, the research was conducted with the objective to study the effect of various processing methods in producing VCO on the bioactive compound of saturated medium chain fatty acids (MCFA, C8-C12) activities in reducing blood glucose of the diabetes mellitus (DM) rats. On the research used the Sprague Dawley white male rats. The rats were cared and grouped into healthy rats and DM rats. The DM rats achieved by adapting the rats for six days, followed for one night without giving any feeding prior to intraperitoneal way induction by using 110 mg alloxan solution per kg rats’ weight. After two days the content of rats blood glucose were then to be checked. The rats suffered DM if they had glucose content more than 200mg/dL. VCO produced without applying heat, VCO produced by applying controlled heat, also coconut cooking oil as a coconut oil which applied severe heat and chemically produced, were then given forcibly as medicine to each 5 DM rats. Meanwhile as a control, we made a group of positive control that suffered DM and a negative control as another health group (did not suffer DM). The two groups of control were not given the VCO or coconut cooking oil, but they were given drinking water. Each of the 5 groups of the rats were then observed during 28 days on the developing of the body’s rats weight at every two days, the amount of feed consumed at every day, blood glucose content at every 4 days, and at the end of the observing on the 29th day all of the rats were then terminated to be analyzed of theirs cholesterol level. Based on chemical analysis it was recognized that the content of fatty acid on two kinds of VCOs and coconut cooking oil is relatively no different. The content of lauric acid on VCO without heating was 51.5%, and on controlled heating VCO was 51.0% while on coconut cooking oil was 49.8%. Method of VCO processing, did not give significantly difference on the panelist preferences. It was statistically measured that either coconut cooking oil or VCO gave no significantly difference impact on the increasing of weight rats being experimented. The method of processing VCO and coconut cooking oil did not have significant impact on level 5% toward the percentage of blood glucose value on rats suffering DM. VCO without heating has tightly negative correlation on reducing glucose content. VCO did not give any impact at level 5% on total cholesterol content, HDL, LDL and triglyceride on rats’ blood serum suffering from DM.
Keyword: 

Judul: Peranan Pemimpin Informal dalam Menggerakan Partisipasi Masyarakat  untuk Pembangunan Desa
Abstrak: Pendekatan pembangunan yang banyak diterima para ahli adalah pendekatan dari bawah ke atas (bottom up) yang berarti bahwa dalam pembangunan diperlukan keikutsertaan rakyat. Keikutsertaan tidak hanya pada tahap merencanakan pembangunan, akan tetapi juga ikut dalam melaksanakan, bahkan sampai pada menilai hasil-hasil pembangunan (Cohen dan Uphoe 1977; Dusseldorp, 1981; Slamet, 1993). Agar rakyat yang berhimpun dalam kelompok-kelompok dapat ikut serta, mereka harus memiliki sejumlah kualifikasi yang diperlukan untuk itu.
Keyword: