Judul: Induction of somaclone variation through gamma irradiation and in vitro selection to obtain drought tolerance patchouly
Abstrak: Tanaman nilam (Pogostemom cab/in Benth.) merupakan salah satu tanaman penghasil minyak atsiri yang dikenal dengan minyak nilam (patchouly oil). Indonesia merupakan negara pemasok terbesar kebutuhan minyak nilam dunia, yang mencapai sekitar 90 % dari seluruh kebutuhan dunia. Tanaman nilam umumnya dibudidayakan pada lahan kering, sehingga salah satu resiko pengembangannya adalah masalah kekeringan. Sempitnya keragaman genetik dan terbatasnya jumlah klon yang tersedia merupakan salah satu kendala dalam melakukan seleksi untuk memperoleh klon unggul yang adaptif terhadap cekaman kekeringan. Penggunaan iradiasi sinar gamma pada kalus nilam yang telah mengalami subkultur berulang merupakan upaya yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan variasi somaklonal, dan melalui seleksi in vitro menggunakan agen penyeleksi Polyethilene Glycol (PEG), diharapkan diperoleh tanaman nilam yang toleran terhadap cekaman kekeringan sebagaimana tujuan clari penelitian ini. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Lab.Biologi Sel dan Jaringan Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian Bogor. Iradiasi sinar gamma dilaksanakan di Pusat Aplikasi Teknologi Isotop dan Radiasi (PATIR) Badan tenaga Atom Nasional (BATAN) Jakarta. Penelitian berlangsung dari Juli 2004 s/d Januari 2007. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan adalah klon nilam Tapak Tuan (TT75) basil perbanyakan secara in vitro dan merupakan salah satu klon harapan yang dikoleksi Balitbiagen., Patchouly (Pogostemon cab/in Benth.) is a source of patchouly oil. Indonesia is the biggest producer of patchouly oil in the world, reach to 90 % supply. Generally, patchouly is cultivated at dry land so that drought stress becomes the one of problem for this development. Low level of genetic diversity and limitation of clones are also the other problem to get superior clone that adaptive to drought stress. The use of gamma irradiation of fragment sub culture calli is the one alternative way to increase somaclonal variation and via in vitro selection using PEG as the selective agent is expected to obtain drought tolerance patchouly. The research was conducted at the Tissue Culture Laboratory of Research Center of Biotechnology and Genetic Resources, Bogor. Gamma irradiation treatment was done at the Center for Application of Isotope and Radiation •Technology-BAT AN, Jakarta from July 2004 to January 2007. Plant material was Tapak Tuan clone obtain from in vitro proliferation and the one of the most expection candidate clone that Balitbiogen collected.
Keyword: Calli, Somaclonal variation, Gamma inadiation, Pohjelilene glycol

Judul: Perbanyakan In Vitro Klon Tanaman Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) Hasil Iradiasi Sinar Gamma
Abstrak: The aim of this experiment was to determine the proper composition of culture medium for multiplication and shoot elongation of patchouli clone. The experiment was devided into two parts. The first experiment was to determine the effect of PGRs on the multiplication of shoots and nodes of patchouli clone derived from 30 gray of gamma ray irradiation. The second experiment used three concentrations (full, ½ and ¼) of Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) in the elongation of patchouli shoots derived from 30 gray of gamma irradiation and control. Both experiments were prepared with completely randomized design (CRD) factorial and observed for eight weeks. The first experiment was divided into two parts. The first part used MS medium with 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 mg/L of BAP without IAA and the second part used an addition of 0.1 mg/L IAA. In the first part the best number of adventitious buds was inducted in 0.5 mg/L of BAP concentration and node explant. In the second part was no difference found in the number of adventitious buds between the BAP concentrations and the explants. In the second experiment, ¼ MS media can be used for shoot elongation of both clones because it obtained the same root initiation, number of roots and increase in leaves number of with other concentrations. Stomata analysis was perfomed on 30 gray and control of patchouli leafs. The result showed the variety between clones through the difference between the density and size of the stomata.
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Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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