Judul: Simulasi Pengaruh Aktivitas Fisik dan Pemberian Insulin terhadap Laju Penurunan Glukosa Darah Diabetes Tipe 2.
Abstrak: Pengaruh pemberian insulin dan aktivitas fisik terhadap kadar glukosa darah penderita diabetes tipe 2 dapat dimodelkan dengan menggunakan suatu persamaan matematika. Persamaaan matematika yang digunakan adalah persamaan matematika Roy yang dimodifikasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, pemberian insulin yang bervariasi ketika melakukan aktivitas fisik berpengaruh terhadap penurunan laju glukosa darah penderita diabetes tipe 2. Variasi pemberian insulin ketika melakukan aktivitas fisik yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu tanpa pemberian insulin untuk justifikasi 1, pemberian insulin sebesar 10 μU min-1 untuk justifikasi 2, pemberian insulin sebesar 15 μU min-1 untuk justifikasi 3, pemberian insulin sebesar 20 μU min-1 untuk justifikasi 4, dan pemberian insulin sebesar 25 μU min-1 untuk justifikasi 5. Semakin besar insulin yang diberikan ketika melakukan aktivitas fisik, semakin cepat laju penurunan kadar glukosa darah pada penderita diabetes tipe 2. Hasil pemodelan justifikasi 1 yang digunakan sebagai kontrol memiliki nilai korelasi antara simulasi dengan data eksperimen diatas 90% Hal ini memperlihatkan bahwa modifikasi model yang dilakukan menunjukkan hasil yang sesuai dengan keadaan sebenarnya.
Keyword: ktivitas, fisik, diabetes tipe 2, insulin, glukosa

Judul: Pengaruh Latihan Fisik pada Penderita Diabetes Tipe 1 dan Tipe 2 dengan Minimal Model Termodifikasi
Abstrak: Modified minimal model with the addition of two parameters, such as the effect of physical exercise to improve blood glucose missing and the effect of physical exercise to increase the secretion of insulin from the pancreas. This modified can be used as a simulator system reliable in analyzing glucose and insulin in healthy and diabetic conditions. It is seen from the simulation results in this study that the presence of physical exercise can lower glucose concentrations and increase insulin sensitivity. Type of physical exercise in type 2 diabetes can be divided into two, namely mild and strong. SI values in type 2 diabetes without exercise of 1.2×10-7 μU ml-1 min-1 and with mild physical exercise 2.974×10-4 μU ml-1 min-1 and strong physical exercise 3.9005×10-4 mlμU-1min-1. On the other hand in patients with type 1 diabetes physical exercise alone is not enough to lower the glucose concentration to basal glucose levels so it takes a shot. In this study, exogenous insulin type 1 diabetes at 50 and after physical exercise combined with exogenous insulin requirement was reduced to 40 % . In type 1 diabetes , physical exercise can also increase insulin sensitivity to near healthy range. SI value without physical exercise 5.3×10-7 μUml-1min-1 and after physical exercise 3.0111×10-4 μU ml-1 min-1.
Keyword: physical exercise, minimal model, insulin sensitivity, glucose, diabetes

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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