Judul: Evaluasi Status  Mineral DCAD Pakan Sapi Perah Pre-partum dan Post partum di KPSBU  Lembang
Abstrak: Sapi pada masa transisi seringkali mengalami penurunan daya tahan tubuh akibat adanya perubahan fisiologis dan metabolik pada tubuh sapi. Salah satu penyakit yang sering ditemui pada sapi pada masa transisi adalah hipokalsemia. Gangguan metabolisme pada sapi transisi dapat diatasi menggunakan DCAD (Dietary Cation Anion Difference). Peubah yang diamati berupa kandungan nutrien pakan, pemberian dan kecukupan pakan, kandungan mineral pakan, status DCAD pakan serta hubungannya dengan performa ternak. Rasio pemberian pakan di KPSBU pada sapi pre-partum 50:50 dan post-partum 54:46. Kecukupan nutrien di KPSBU sudah hampir memenuhi seluruh kebutuhan ternak. Status DCAD sapi transisi di KPSBU masih belum sesuai saran pemberiannya dimana DCAD sapi pre-partum adalah (4,2±211) sementara DCAD sapi post-partum adalah (-42,0±170,3). Rata-rata produksi susu harian di KPSBU adalah 17 L/hari. Gangguan metabolik pada sapi pre-partum sebesar 13,3% dan post-partum sebesar 46,7%. Reformulasi ransum, penambahan mineral pada pakan berupa pakan aditif atau garam kationik dan anionik diharapkan dapat memperbaiki status DCAD sapi transisi di KPSBU., Cows during the transition period often experience a decrease in body resistance due to physiological and metabolic changes in the cow's body. One disease that is often encountered in cows during the transition period is hypocalcemia. Metabolic disorders in transitional cows can be overcome using DCAD (Dietary Cation Anion Difference). The parameters observed were feed nutrient content, feed provision and adequacy, feed mineral content, feed DCAD status and its relationship with animal performance. Feeding ratio at KPSBU for cattle pre-psrtum 50:50 and post-partum 54:46. Nutrient adequacy at KPSBU has almost met all livestock needs. The DCAD status of transitional cattle at KPSBU is still not in accordance with the recommendations for granting DCAD cattle pre partum is (4.2±211) while DCAD of cattle post-partum is (-42.0±170.3). The average daily milk production at KPSBU is 17 L/day. Metabolic disorders in cattle pre-partum of 13.3% and post-partum amounting to 46.7%. Diet reformulation, adding minerals to the feed in the form of feed additives or cationic and anionic salts is expected to improve the DCAD status of transition cattle at KPSBU.
Keyword: DCAD, mineral, pakan, sapi transisi

Judul: Evaluation of the Dietary Cation-Anion Difference Profile of Pre-partum and Post-partum Cows Over the Cow's Performances in Koperasi Peternakan Bandung Selatan Pangalengan
Abstrak: Hipokalsemia merupakan salah satu gangguan metabolik yang umum terjadi pada sapi perah fase post-partum. Gangguan ini dapat dicegah dengan mengatur kandungan dietary cation-anion difference atau DCAD pada pakan. Dietary cation-anion difference perlu diperhatikan dari fase pre-partum sapi perah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati status DCAD pada masing-masing 15 sapi pre-partum dan post-partum di KPBS Pangalengan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan DCAD sapi pre-partum bernilai -205,8±238,5 mEq/kg BK dan post-partum bernilai -164,34±175,38 mEq/kg BK. Sebanyak 86,67% sapi fase pre-partum sudah sesuai dengan kebutuhan DCAD bernilai negatif sedangkan hanya 18,75% sapi post-partum yang sudah sesuai dengan kebutuhan DCAD bernilai positif. Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan adanya korelasi lemah antara DCAD dengan performa ternak berupa pH urin, gangguan metabolik, produksi susu, dan kualitas susu. Berdasarkan hal tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa manajemen DCAD sapi post-partum belum sesuai sehingga diperlukan penyesuaian terhadap pakan ternak dengan suplementasi atau reformulasi ransum., Hypocalcemia is one of the metabolic disorders that commonly occurs in dairy cows during the post-partum phase. This disorder can be prevented by regulating the dietary cation-anion difference profile in their diet. The dietary cation-anion difference profile needs to be managed from the pre-partum phase. This research aims to observe the DCAD profile in both 15 pre-partum and post-partum cows at KPBS Pangalengan. The research found that DCAD in pre-partum cows had a value of -205.8±238.5 mEq/kg DM and for the post-partum cows ware -164.34±175.38 mEq/kg DM. As many 86.67% of pre-partum cows had the appropriate negative DCAD values, while only 18.75% of post-partum cows has the appropriate positive DCAD values. Correlation tests showed a weak correlation between DCAD and the cow’s performances such as urine pH, metabolic disorder, milk production, and milk quality. Based on these, it can be concluded that DCAD management of the post-partum cows are not optimal, necessitating adjustments in cow’s feed through supplementation or diet reformulation.
Keyword: DCAD, hipokalsemia, performa ternak, post-partum, pre-partum, cow's performance, hypocalcemia

Judul: Penggunaan Teorema Homeomorphy 2-Manifold dan Teorema Euler Poincare pada Torus 𝑇�� dan Simplicial Complex 𝐾��
Abstrak: Two dimensional topological spaces are said to be homeomorphic if they have the same topological invariant, where one of topological invariant used is an Euler characteristic. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem and Euler Poincare’s Theorem are used to distinguish two topological spaces. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem uses Euler characteristic to identify two dimensional topological spaces. Euler Poincare’s Theorem is an alternative way to find Euler characteristic with Betti number, which is topological invariant as well. The objective of this paper is to investigate the homeomorphism of torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾�����. Topological space torus and simplicial complex 𝐾����� have the same Euler characteristic, which is two. Based on Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem topological space torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾����� is homeomorphic.
Keyword: simplicial, torus, Euler, homeomorphism, topology