Judul: Identifikasi Keragaman Gen Growth Hormone Receptor Exon 8 (GHR|SspI) pada Sapi Friesian Holstein dengan Metode PCR-RFLP
Abstrak: Growth Hormone Receptor (GHR) is one factor affecting animal growth. GHR is required by growth hormone (GH) to carry out its effect on target tissues. The objective of this study was to identify polymorphism of the Growth Hormone Receptor gene in dairy cattle (Holstein Friesian) from BPPT SP Cikole, KPSBU Pasir Kemis, KPSBU Cilumber, BIB Singosari and BBIB Lembang. The gene polymorphism was identified with Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method using SSpI restriction enzyme. Genotyping in this study was performed on 312 animals. The product of amplification was 230 bp. Genotyping the GHR gene produced two alleles (A and T) and three genotypes (AA, AT, TT). Results from the analysis of the allele and genotype frequencies showed that the T allele had a higher frequencies than the A allele and TT genotype had a higher frequencies than AA or AT genotypes from all population. The GHR gene in HF from BPPT SP Cikole, KPSBU Cilumber, and KPSBU Pasir Kemis were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The equilibrium Hardy-Weinberg in HF from BIB Lembang and BBIB Singosari could not be calculated. Heterozigosity value of GHR gene (Ho) were lower than heterozigosity value in HF (He) from BPPT SP Cikole and KPSBU Pasir Kemis. In HF from other population, heterozigosity value of GHR gene (Ho) were higher than heterozigosity value (He). The conclusion was that GHR|SSpI gene in HF from BPPT SP Cikole, KPSBU Pasir Kemis, KPSBU Cilumber, BIB Lembang and BBIB Singosari was polymorphic.
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Judul: Identifikasi Keragaman Gen Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone (GHRH|HaeIII) Pada Sapi Friesian Holstein Di BIB Lembang, BBIB Singosari, Dan BETCipelang
Abstrak: This study was aimed to identify polymorphism of the GHRH gene in Holstein Friesian (FH) cattle from BIB Lembang, BBIB Singosari, and BET Cipelang; and beef cattle from BET Cipelang for a comparison. Blood samples used were 126 samples, consisting of 49 HF bulls from BIB Lembang (17 hds), BBIB Singosari (32 hds), and HF cows from BET Cipelang (40 hds); and a number of 37 hds of beef cattle consisting of Simmental (13 hds), Limousin (14 hds), Brahman (5 hds), and Angus (5 hds) from BET Cipelang. This study used PCR-RFLP method using restriction enzyme HaeIII. This enzyme restricted the GHRH gene sequences at the bases GG | CC at the positions of 118, 312, and 406 bp resulting four fragments with the lengths of 118, 194, 94, and 45 bp respectively. Genotyping GHRH gene produced two alleles, namely A and B alleles. These alleles produced three genotypes, namely the genotypes of AA (312, 94, and 45 bp), AB (312, 194, 118, 94, and 45 bp), and BB (194, 118, 94, and 45 bp). Frequency of the B allele was higher than the A allele. Frequencies of the A and B alleles in HF were in BIB Lembang 0,235 and 0,765, BBIB Singosari 0,234 and 0,766, and BET Cipelang 0,225 and 0,775. Chi-square analysis showed that all of HF and beef cattles were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (χ2 < χ2 (0.05)), the exception in HF cattles in BIB Lembang, Brahman and Angus cattles in BET Cipelang. The highest heterozigosity values in HF was found in BIB Lembang (0,471), while the lowest was in BBIB Singosari (0,344). Heterozygosity values in the HF were lower than those of Simmental and Limousin beef cattle. GHRH gene in HF and beef cattle were polimorfic, the exception in Brahman cattle as possesing only the B allele.
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Judul: Alat Perekam Data Hujan dengan Mode Hemat Daya
Abstrak: Pengukuran intensitas hujan dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa pendekatan, seperti menggunakan perekam data hujan otomatis (automatic rain recorder). Data curah hujan yang terukur oleh tipping bucket akan tersimpan dalam SDcard setiap kejadian hujan terjadi. Penggunaan arduino sebagai komponen utama dipilih karena perangkat open source yang mudah dimodifikasi. Beberapa komponen arduino yang dapat dimodifikasi adalah ATmega dengan konsumsi daya sebesar 12 mA pada 3 volt serta 17 mA pada 5 volt. Adapun FTDI mengkonsumsi daya sebesar 20 mA pada 5 volt. Voltage regulator mengkonsumsi daya sebesar 38 mA pada 5 volt, 64 mA pada 9 volt, 103 mA pada 12 volt, selain itu led mengkonsumsi 1 mA pada 5 volt. Komponen yang dapat dihilangkan pada arduino antara lain FTDI, voltage regulator, serta led. Pengurangan komponen ini bertujuan agar daya tahan baterai menjadi 6.5 kali lebih hemat dibandingkan arduino standar. Setelah bagian bagian tersebut dihilangkan maka total konsumsi daya yang diperlukan oleh mikrokontroler on board arduino adalah 12 mA saat 3 volt dan 17 mA saat 5 volt saat mode kerjanya. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa pada penggunaan mode sleep lebih efisien daya dibandingkan mode power save. Mode sleep membantu cara penghematan daya pada pembuatan alat perekam data hujan Penggunaan metode ini jika diasumsikan kejadian hujan hanya terjadi selama tiga jam dalam sehari maka dengan menggunakan baterai sebesar 400 mAh dengan tegangan 3 volt maka alat perekam data hujan ini dapat hidup selama 15 Hari….
Keyword: Arduino, Power save, Rain, Automatic recorder, Tipping bucket, Geophysics and Meteorology, Rain fall, Model penakar hujan, Arduino promini, Arduino uno