Judul: Quantifying of Ecosystem Services in the Aspect of Climate Regulation in Komodo National Park
Abstrak: Taman Nasional Komodo merupakan taman nasional tertua sekaligus cagar biosfer dunia karena keunikannya terdapat hewan langka komodo (Varanus komodoensis) serta keindahan alam maupun keanekaragam hayati perairannya membuat tempat ini sebagai tujuan ekowisata dunia. Pengembangan ekowisata merupakan salah satu upaya Pemerintah dalam meningkatkan minat pariwisata. Namun, perkembangan ekowisata akan mempengaruhi kebijakan penggunaan lahan yang berimplikasi pada jasa lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkuantifikasi jasa lingkungan yang terdapat di Taman Nasional Komodo dalam aspek pengaturan, khususnya pengaturan iklim seperti penyerapan karbon. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode maximum likelihood dalam mengklasifikasi tutupan lahan dan pendekatan efisiensi penggunaan radiasi untuk perhitungan karbon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perubahan tutupan lahan seluas -3575,2 ha (-22,03%) hutan kering sekunder, -1142,3 ha (-5,27%) savana, dan peningkatan lahan terbuka sebesar 4777,6 ha (35,64%). Suhu permukaan tertinggi di daerah penelitian terjadi pada tahun 2019 baik pada bulan Maret-April dan Agustus-September masing-masing sebesar 24,46oC dan 27,66oC yang juga dipengaruhi oleh fenomena ENSO yaitu El-Nino. Potensi penyerapan karbon di Taman Nasional Komodo lebih tinggi pada periode Maret-April dibandingkan periode Agustus-September. Pasalnya, pertumbuhan savana yang didominasi kawasan ini tumbuh subur dengan cepat. Jumlah penyerapan karbon tertinggi terjadi pada tahun 2018 sebesar 2.368,8 Megaton/tahun., Komodo National Park is the oldest national park as well as the world's biosphere reserve because of its uniqueness there are rare Komodo dragons (Varanus komodoensis) and the natural beauty and biodiversity of its waters make this place a world ecotourism destination. The development of ecotourism is one of the Government's efforts to increase tourism interest. However, the development of ecotourism will affect land use policies which have implications for environmental services. This study aims to quantify the environmental services in Komodo National Park in terms of regulation, particularly climate regulation such as carbon sequestration. The method used is the maximum likelihood method in classifying land cover and the radiation use efficiency approach for carbon calculations. The results showed that there was a change in land cover of -3575.2 ha (-22.03%) secondary dry forest, - 1142.3 ha (-5.27%) savanna, and an increase in open land of 4777.6 ha (35 ,64%). The highest surface temperature in the study area occurred in 2019 in March-April and AugustSeptember respectively at 24.46oC and 27.66oC which was also influenced by the ENSO phenomenon, namely El-Nino. The potential for carbon sequestration in Komodo National Park is higher in the March-April period than the August-September period. The reason is, the growth of the savanna which is dominated by this area is growing rapidly. The highest amount of carbon sequestration occurred in 2018 at 2,368.8 Megatons/year.
Keyword: Climate regulation, ecosystem services, Komodo National Park, land use change, carbon sequestration

Judul: Studi Pola Penggunaan Ruang Berbagai Kelas Umur Biawak Komodo (Varanus Komodoensis Ouwens) Di Loh Buaya-Pulau Rinca Taman Nasional Komodo, Nusa Tenggara Timur
Abstrak: Komodo represent totally disappeared threatened giant salamander. The existence of this endemic reptile only gone in the round of Komodo National Park (KNP) that is in Komodo Island, Rinca Island, Gili Motang, Nusa Code (Jessop et al., 2007) and minor partly in north and west of Flores Island (Erdmann, 2004). Differ from research about population or inventory Komodo have become routine activity side organizer KNP, still a lot of ecology aspect from Komodo which still have to be checked specially about habitat interaction in KNP area, and also spatial ecology (home range and movement). The aim of this research area to identify activity type of komodo according to vegetation type and to know it’s home range and daily path length. Methodology of this research were used Focal animal sampling method and Continous recording method. the registry of Komodo position with Absolute positioning method by using GPS receiver at the time of Komodo do activity at certain dot. Monitoring done pursuant to variation of age class (whelp, juvenile and adult) with each five multiply repetition. Mangrove and savannah used by whelp and adult especially to exploring areas, while the juvenile especially to perceive. In monsoon forest, most activity often done by whelp and juvenile is exploring areas, while adult more amount perceiving. Whelp, juvenile and adult often use savannah as place to activity than monsoon forest and mangrove. The highest savannah used time percentage that is in whelp class. All class age of Komodo use the more amount time to rest, but if seen from age old class, juvenile which at longest rest. Furthermost path length is whelp with average thread 1659,954 ± 628,732 m, later then adult as far as 1427,227 ± 1121,776 m and juvenile as far as 820,460 ± 391,288 m. Whelp take possession of highest home range sequence broadly 12,104 ± 8,227 ha, later then adult Komodo and juvenile broadly 9,383 ± 9,805 ha and 3,412 ± 2,048 ha. Komodo in Loh Buaya use three vegetation type (savannah, monsoon forest and mangrove) as it’s habitat. There are relation between activity type with vegetation type posed at with the result chi-kuadrat test (χ ²) at real level 0,005 with value χ ²aritmetic > χ ² table = 71,133 > 25,188. Komodo very like savannah and most daily activity type often done is rest. The highest home range and daily path length that is in juvenile. Keywords : Komodo, Age Class, Space Use, Home Range, Komodo National Park
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Judul: Invers Drazin dari Matriks Toeplitz Singular
Abstrak: Matriks Toeplitz adalah matriks yang setiap unsur pada diagonal utama bernilai sama dan setiap unsur pada subdiagonal yang bersesuaian dengan diagonal utama juga bernilai sama. Matriks singular adalah matriks yang tidak bisa ditentukan inversnya. Akan tetapi, dapat diupayakan untuk ditentukan inversnya menggunakan invers matriks yang diperumum. Invers Drazin merupakan salah satu jenis invers matriks yang diperumum. Pada karya ilmiah ini ditentukan invers Drazin dari matriks Toeplitz singular dengan menggunakan metode Leverrier Faddeev. Kemudian, ditentukan invers Drazin dari matriks Toeplitz singular yang direpresentasikan sebagai penjumlahan segitiga bawah dan segitiga atas matriks Toeplitz berdasar pada teorema Gohberg dan Semencul., Toeplitz matrix is a matrix in with element on the main diagonal has the same value and on the subdiagonal corresponding to the main diagonal also has the same value. Singular matrix is a matrix that has no inverse. However, it can be attempted to determine the inverse using a generalized inverse matrix. Inverse Drazin is a type of generalized matrix inverse. This paper discussed the inverse Drazin for a singular Toeplitz matrix using the Leverrier Faddeev method. Then, the Drazin inverse of the singular Toeplitz matrix which is represented as a sum of products of lower and upper triangular Toeplitz matrix based on Gohberg and Semencul theorem.
Keyword: inverse Drazine, singular Toeplitz matrix