Judul: Identifikasi Keragaman Gen Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone (Ghrh) Pada Kerbau Lokal (Bubalus Bubalis) Dengan Metode Pcr-Rflp
Abstrak: GHRH is a hypothalamic hormone which stimulates growth hormone secretion in the pituitary gland. The objective of this study was to identify polymorphisms Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone (GHRH) gene of Indonesian buffalo’s. A total of 320 blood samples from Indonesian buffalo were used to determined polymorphism using PCR-RFLP method. The polymorphism of GHRH gene that spanned within exon 2 and exon 3 was amplified, and their mutation was detected using endonuclease HaeIII. In this study, there were found to be three GHRH/HaeIII genotype (AA genotype 0%, AB genotype 36% and BB genotype 64%) determined by two alleles, A (18%) and B (82%). The frequency of A allele was found 15% for Semarang population, 19% for Mataram population, 2% for Medan population and 40% for Banten population. The frequency of B allele was found 85% for Semarang population, 81% for Mataram population, 98% for Medan population and 60% for Banten population. The observed heterozygosis value were different among populations. The highest heterozygosis (h) 0,485 for Banten population and the lowest was 0.037 for Medan population and the average heterozygosis for all populations (H) detected was 0.270. Index fixation value of GHRH gene showed there was not fixed into one gene type (Fski 0). The smallest genetic distance value of GHRH gene was found between Semarang and Mataram population (0.001) and highest between Medan and Banten population (0.202). Keywords: Buffallo, GHRH gene, PCR-RFLP.
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Judul: Identifikasi Keragaman Gen Hormon Pertumbuhan (GH-MspI) pada Kerbau Lokal (Bubalus bubalis)
Abstrak: The aim of this study was to identify polymorphism of buffalo’s growth hormone (GH-MspI) gene that localized in intron 3 using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) – Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) method. Total of the blood samples were 320 which is from Semarang, Medan, Mataram and Banten. Polymorphism in 261 samples were identified and revealed three genotypies that are 223 bp and 104 bp for the +/+ genotype; 327 bp, 222 bp and 104 bp for the +/- genotype and 327 bp (no digestion) for the -/- genotype. Frequencies of the +/+ genotype and + allele were the highest in whole populations. Frequencies were 0.805 for +/+ genotype, 0.146 for +/- genotype, and 0.05 for -/- genotype. The frequency of + allele was 0.878. The frecuencies of + allele and +/+ genotype were the highest. The highest heterozygocities was 0.562 for Semarang population and the lowest was 0.093 for Banten population and the average heterozygocities for all populations detected was 0.370. Index fixation value of GH gene showed there was no gene fixation in all populations. Keywords: Buffalo, GH-MspI gene, PCR-RFLP
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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