Judul: Persilangan antarras Ulat Sutera (Boinbyx ntori L.)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Puslitbang Hutan dan Konservasi Alam - Disiplin Persuteraan Alam, Bogor, mulai bulan Maret sampai dengan April 2001. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menduga hasil persilangan antarras ulat sutera (Bombyx mori L.) dengan menggunakan program simulasi komputer.
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Judul: Persilangan antar ras ulat sutera (Bombyx mori L.)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Puslitbang Hutan dan Konservasi Alam Disiplin Persuteraan Alam, Bogor, mulai bulan Maret sampai dengan April 2001. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menduga hasil persilangan antarras ulat sutera (Bombyx mori L.) dengan menggunakan program simulasi komputer. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder tetua dan hasil persilangan antarras ulat sutera serta resiprokalnya. Data sekunder tersebut berasal dari: (1) Dr. Ir. Lalu Muhammad Kasip, MS. (Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Mataram, NTB) berupa data rataan bobot kokon, bobot kulit kokon dan rasio kulit kokon (pupa jantan dan betina) serta data rataan panjang, berat, tebal dan kemuluran serat sutera pada generasi tetua (galur murni ras Jepang dan Tropik) dan generasi persilangan; dan (2) Dr. Ir. Hj. Mien Kaomini, M.Sc. (Puslitbang Hutan dan Konservasi Alam - Disiplin Persuteraan Alam, Bogor) berupa data rataan bobot kokon, bobot kulit kokon dan rasio kulit kokon (pupa jantan dan betina) pada generasi tetua (galur murni ras Jepang dan Cina) dan generasi persilangan. Data persilangan ini dianalisis dengan program simulasi komputer GENUP dan Microsoft quickBASIC Version 4.5. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keunggulan rataan performa ulat sutera hasil persilangan dibandingkan dengan rataan performa tetuanya. Pada simulasi data I, persilangan yang melibatkan ulat sutera jenis bivoltin dan polivoltin secara backcross yaitu antara ulat sutera ras Jepang jantan (galur Bo108) dengan betina yang heterosigot (galur Poly x Bo108) menunjukkan rataan bobot kokon, bobot kulit kokon, rasio kulit kokon (pupa jantan dan betina), berat dan tebal serat hibrid F1 yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan tetua (galur Poly dan Bo108) dan persilangan lainnya. Sedangkan pada persilangan tunggal (single cross) Bo108 x Poly menunjukkan nilai panjang dan kemuluran serat yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan tetua (galur Poly dan Bo108) dan persilangan lainnya. Pada simulasi data II, persilangan tunggal (single cross) antara ulat sutera ras Cina jantan dengan ras Jepang betina (804 x 803 dan 808 x 807) menunjukkan nilai rataan bobot kokon hibrid F1 yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan tetua (803 dan 804; 807 dan 808) dan persilangan yang lain. Sedangkan rataan rasio kulit kokon hibrid F1 pada semua jenis persilangan lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan tetuanya. Ulat sutera ras Jepang dalam mewariskan sifat-sifat kokon dan serat berkontribusi secara maternal (maternal inheritance), sehingga lebih cocok dijadikan sebagai betina daripada sebagai jantan pada persilangan yang sesungguhnya (persilangan tunggal atau silang balik) untuk mendapatkan hibrid F1 yang unggul.
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Judul: Glucose biosensor using a glucose dehydrogenase flavin adenine dinucleotide electrochemically immobilized on zeolite nanoparticles
Abstrak: A glucose biosensor was developed to measure blood glucose levels. The performance of these new glucose biosensors was continuously improved, producing better performance and stability. The technique selection and immobilization matrix are key factors for biosensor development, so that the prospecting of materials that can be used as a matrix for supporting enzyme, continue to be explore. The purpose of this study was to determine the activity and stability of the enzyme glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) that were immobilized on zeolite nanoparticles (NPZ) and determine the kinetic parameters and analytical performance by electrochemical methods. The resulting enzyme electrode with NPZ and enzyme electrode with zeolite A showed a high activity against the enzyme electrode glucose than without NPZ. The reaction kinetics of third electrodes of enzyme followed the Dixon equation. The 𝐼����𝑚����𝑎����𝑥����𝑎����𝑝����𝑝���� values for enzyme electrode without NPZ, with NPZ, and with zeolite A were 27.25 μA, 77.52 μA, and 48.54 μA, respectively. The 𝐾����𝑀����𝑎����𝑝����𝑝���� values for GDH enzyme that immobilized on the NPZ were 1.16 mM, 12.30 mM for GDH enzyme that immobilized on zeolite A and 0.95 mM for GDH enzyme immobilization without NPZ. The enzyme electrode without NPZ, with NPZ, and with zeolite A also showed a high sensitivity with value for the sensitivity were 0.58 μA mM-1, 0.81 μA mM-1, and 2.51 μA mM-1, respectively. The third enzyme electrodes showed different linear area with range for the enzyme electrode without NPZ, with NPZ and with zeolite A were 1.00-15.00 mM, 2.00-20.00 mM, and 0.06-10.00 mM, respectively. The blood glucose level of normal person ranged from 4 to 6 mM, so that the enzyme electrode with NPZ and without NPZ are suitable for use in the determination of the concentration of blood glucose. While the enzyme electrode with zeolite A has a smaller range so it is more suitable to use in the determination of glucose concentration in the foods or beverages. The enzyme electrode with NPZ and the enzyme electrode with zeolite A showed a good accuracy with relative error values were 3.84% and3.48%, respectively. Repeatability measurements also showed a good precission results with relative standard deviation values (%RSD) for the enzyme electrode with NPZ and enzyme electrode with zeolite A were 3.83% and 3.16%, respectively. By combining two immobilization techniques, physical adsorption on zeolite and entrapment on carbon paste, high enzymatic activity, good accuracy, and repeatability was attained. The enzyme electrode with NPZ and the enzyme electrode with zeolite A demonstrated a good electrochemical response toward glucose, allowing it to detect blood glucose levels and glucose levels in foods and beverages.
Keyword: glucose biosensor, immobilization, zeolite