Judul: Effect of Seaweed Noodle Intervention on Fiber Intake,  Blood Glucose, and Nutritional Status of People with Hyperglycemia
Abstrak: Hiperglikemia adalah kondisi medis yang ditandai oleh peningkatan kadar glukosa darah di atas normal dan sering terkait dengan diabetes mellitus. Mie rumput laut merupakan produk pangan berbahan dasar tepung sagu dan tepung rumput laut yang bertujuan untuk mencegah hiperglikemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh intervensi mi rumput laut terhadap asupan zat gizi, glukosa darah, dan status gizi penderita hipergikemia. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain randomized clinical trial dengan rancangan pre-mid-post with control yang dilakukan selama 42 hari pada Desember 2023 – Januari 2024. Intervensi pada penelitian ini memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap konsumsi serat (p=0,007), konsumsi karbohidrat (p=0,046), frekuensi konsumsi buah-buahan (p=0,015), dan glukosa darah puasa (p=0,027). Intervensi ini menurunkan kadar glukosa darah pada kelompok intervensi (-23 mg/dL ±28 mg/dL) dan kelompok kontrol (-1 mg/dL ± 20 mg/dL), dengan penurunan lebih besar pada kelompok intervensi dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan intervensi ini dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dibandingkan kelompok kontrol., Hyperglycemia is a medical condition characterized by higher than normal blood glucose levels and is often associated with diabetes mellitus. Seaweed noodle is a food product made from sago flour and seaweed flour aimed at preventing hyperglycemia. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of seaweed noodle intervention on nutrient intake, blood glucose levels, and nutritional status in people with hyperglycemia. A randomized clinical trial using a pre-mid-post with control design was carried out for 42 days in December 2023 – January 2024. The intervention had a significant effect on fiber intake (p=0.007), carbohydrate consumption (p=0.046), frequency of fruit consumption (p=0.015), and fasting blood glucose levels (p=0.027). This intervention reduced blood glucose levels in the intervention group (-23 mg/dL ± 28 mg/dL) and the control group (-1 mg/dL ± 20 mg/dL), with a greater reduction in the intervention group compared to the control. In conclusion, this intervention effectively lowered fasting blood glucose levels compared to the control group.
Keyword: hiperglikemia, glukosa darah, mi rumput laut, serat pangan

Judul: The Effect of Seaweed Rice Intervention on Oxidative Stress  Conditions in Prediabetes and Diabetic Patients
Abstrak: Hiperglikemia pada penderita prediabetes dan diabetes melitus tipe 2 akan meningkatkan terbentuknya radikal bebas. Peningkatan radikal bebas dalam tubuh yang tidak disertai asupan antioksidan yang cukup akan menimbulkan stres oksidatif. Nasi dengan tambahan rumput laut signifikan menurunkan kadar glukosa darah pada tikus diabetes namun masih sangat terbatas informasi mengenai pengaruh intervensi nasi rumput laut pada manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kebiasaan makan dan pengaruh intervensi nasi rumput laut terhadap kadar glukosa darah serta aktivitas antioksidan pada penderita prediabetes dan DM tipe 2. Penelitian ini berbasis desain quasi experimental dengan rancangan pre-post with control yang dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2021−Agustus 2022. Jenis pangan meliputi makanan pokok, protein hewani, protein nabati, sayur, buah, makanan manis, dan fast food yang paling sering dikonsumsi subjek yaitu nasi, telur ayam, tempe, wortel, pisang, kopi, mie instan. Berdasarkan uji Mann Whitney, kadar GDP antara kelompok intervensi dan kontrol sebelum dan sesudah intervensi menunjukkan adanya penurunan kadar glukosa darah meskipun tidak berbeda signifikan (p>0.05). Hasil uji Mann Whitney untuk aktivitas SOD kedua kelompok sebelum dan sesudah intervensi menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan (p>0.05). Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, nasi rumput laut memiliki potensi untuk menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dan dapat meningkatkan aktivitas antioksidan meskipun belum efektif., Hyperglycemia in prediabetes and diabetes mellitus (T2DM) people will increase the formation of free radicals. The increasing of free radicals without antioxidant enhancement will produce oxidative stress. Seaweed rice significantly lowered the blood glucose levels of diabetic rats but still very limited information about the effect of seaweed rice intervention on humans. This study aims to analyze eating habits and the effect of seaweed rice intervention on blood glucose levels and antioxidant activity in prediabetes and diabetes mellitus patients. This research is based on pre-post with control conducted on December 2021−August 2022. The types of food include staple foods, animal proteins, vegetable proteins, vegetables, fruits, sweet foods, and fast foods that are most commonly consumed by subjects are rice, eggs, tempeh, carrots, bananas, coffee, instant noodles. Based on Mann Whitney test on GDP levels between the intervention and control groups before and after the intervention showed a decrease in blood glucose levels although not significantly different (p>0.05). Mann Whitney test results for SOD activity of both groups before and after the intervention showed no significant difference (p>0.05). Based on this research, seaweed rice has benefits for lowering blood glucose levels and increasing the antioxidant activity although it’s not effective yet.
Keyword: antioxidant activity, diabetes, fasting blood glucose, eating habits, seaweed rice

Judul: Penentuan Nilai Eigen dan Vektor Eigen dari Matriks Tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz dengan Pendekatan Polinomial Chebyshev
Abstrak: The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a matrix can be determined by finding its characteristic polynomials. The characteristic polynomials of a tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz matrix is shown to be closely connected to polynomials which satisfy the Chebyshev recurrence relationship. If the order of the matrix is odd, then the eigenvalues are found explicitly in terms of the Chebyshev zeros and the eigenvectors are found in terms of the polynomials satisfying the recurrence relationship. For even ordered matrices, the situation is more complicated. The problem in these cases is that although the Chebyshev recurrence formula is still applied, its initial values are not generating Chebyshev polynomials
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