Judul: Introduction Gene of Submergence-Tolerant (Sub1) on Ciherang Rice Varieties.
Abstrak: Upaya untuk meningkatkan produksi padi terus dilakukan seiring dengan bertambahnya penduduk dan meningkatnya kebutuhan beras. Perubahan iklim yang tidak menentu menuntut perlunya pengembangan padi yang toleran terhadap cekaman abiotik, seperti kekeringan, salinitas tinggi, maupun genangan. Hasil panen rendah dan resiko kegagalan tanam akibat banjir umum ditemui pada areal rawa pasang surut, rawa lebak, dan tepian sungai. Salah satu solusi yang berkelanjutan dan permanen adalah mengembangkan varietas dengan hasil tinggi yang toleran terhadap rendaman. Penelitian ini mengembangkan padi Ciherang toleran genangan yang dilakukan secara spesifik dengan metode persilangan terarah (site-directed crossing) untuk menghindari produk transgenik. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh tanaman BC3F1 Ciherang-Sub1 hasil persilangan balik BC2F1 Ciherang-Sub1 dan Ciherang serta menyeleksi tanaman BC3F1 yang membawa gen Sub1 dengan menggunakan PCR. Hasil uji genangan diperoleh 13 tanaman BC3F1 yaitu 6 tanaman BC3F1 Ciherang/Swarna-Sub1 dan 7 tanaman BC3F1 Ciherang/IR64-Sub1. Hasil PCR dengan marka AEX1F dan AEX1R menunjukkan pita DNA untuk gen Sub1A yang berukuran 231 bp. Sedangkan hasil PCR dengan marka gabungan RM219F dan AEX1R dapat membedakan sifat heterozigot antara padi host Ciherang, donor Swarna-Sub1 dan IR64-Sub1, serta progeni BC3F1 Ciherang-Sub1 dengan tambahan pita yang menunjukkan penyisipan Sub1 dari donor ke dalam host.
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Judul: Aplikasi berbagai marka Sub1 (AEX1, SUB1C173, RM464A, RM 219) pada pembentukan dan seleksi F1 Ciherang toleran genangan.
Abstrak: Uncertain climate changes forced a tolerant rice abiotic stress, such as drought, high salinity, and submergence. Excessive rainfall often soak the rice fields which caused rice damage. Ciherang is a superior rice varieties that have a high productivity and resistance to some diseases. However, these rice varieties have a weakness that is sensitive submergence stress. Therefore, tolerant submergence rice varieties Ciherang is necessary to be developed. Rice which has a submergence tolerant gene (Submergence 1) has been known is donor-Sub1 rice (Swarna-Sub1 and IR64-Sub1). Insertion genes Sub1 from donor-Sub1 have done to Ciherang variety using site-directed crossing method. The objectives of this research’s were to build up and selecting F1 Ciherang-Sub1 rice plant that carried Sub1 gene with marker Sub1 using PCR technique. Result of this research showed that with the marker SUB1C173 obtained allele donor-Sub1 and F1 Ciherang-Sub1 sizes 108 bp and 126 bp. Results of selection using AEX1 marker obtained Sub1A allele with size 231 bp. RM219 marker can distinguish Ciherang’s host, Sub1- donor, and F1 Ciherang-Sub1 with DNA fragment sizes of 204 bp and 194 bp. But, RM464A marker cannot distinguish the difference of allele patterns from that three variety.
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Judul: Dynamic New Keynesian Model for Unemployment and Inflation Rate.
Abstrak: This paper deals with a scientific analysis of the equilibrium level of hiring, employment and unemployment. The basic model being used is a standard new Keynesian model, which states that utility function depends on consumptions and working hours. Utility maximization refers to a standard labour supply equation, with the marginal cost’s dynamics on new Keynesian model simply reflects movements in real wages and productivity. Furthermore, trade-off between output and inflation stabilization can be considered using the new Keynesian Phillips curve. Dynamic general equilibrium model is a model that can be used to study interactions between market imperfections and nominal rigidities, which is capable of overcoming the main shortcoming of the standard new Keynesian model. In the general equilibrium model there are three groups of the economy agents, namely households, firms and monetary authority. The results of this research science that bargaining processes between firms and workers will yield optimal wage. Increase in labour will cause wages to fall, but the unemployment rate can be reduced. An increase in the firm’s monopoly power will shift the labour demand curve downward, which will reduce the number of workers that firm is willing to hire for any given bargained wage.
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