Judul: Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat-Mandiri Di Desa Kotabatu, Kecamatan Ciomas, Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: This research focuses on community participation in the Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat-Mandiri in Kotabatu Rural, District Ciomas, Bogor Regency. This study uses quantitative with survey methods and qualitative methods with in-depth interviews. Respondents in this study amounted to 45 people and are selected by random sampling method. The purposes of this study are 1) to analyze the correlation of internal factors in the community with the level of participation in PNPM-Mandiri, 2) to analyze the correlation of external factors that exist in the community with the level of participation in PNPM-Mandiri, and 3) to analyze the correlation between community participation the level of achievement gained in the community-PNPM Mandiri program. Based on the research results to internal factors that influence is age and external factors that influence is intensity of communication. In this program, people participate less, but people still feel a high level of achievement
Keyword: achievement., external factors, internal factors, Participation

Judul: Persepsi dan Motivasi Relawan dalam Pelaksanaan Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Mandiri Perkotaan (Kasus di Kelurahan Situ Gede, Kecamatan Bogor Barat, Kota Bogor)
Abstrak: This study aimed to learn about the volunteers’ perception of PNPM-MP and the factors that influenced it viewed from internal and external factors, and to find out the volunteers’ motivation in the implementation of PNPM-MP and the influence of perceptions on motivation. This study used a quantitative approach using questionnaires as a means of collecting data. The respondents consisted of 30 people, all of whom were PNPM-MP volunteers determined based on a total sampling technique. The data analysis used was descriptive statistics and inference (Chi Square and Spearman Rank). The research result showed that the majority of respondents had positive perceptions towards the implementation of PNPM-MP, PNPM-MP benefits, and PNPM-MP volunteers. Overall, respondents' perceptions of PNPM-MP were not influenced by its internal and external factors because the majority of respondents had similar knowledge, needs, and experience in the program. In this study, the motivation of respondents was viewed from three aspects: the motivation to join a group of volunteers, the motivation to carry out voluntary tasks of PNPM-MP, and the motivation to develop PNPM-MP. The majority of respondents had a high level of motivation to join a group of PNPMMP volunteers, while the motivation to carry out voluntary work and motivation to develop the PNPM-MP was relatively low. Overall, the factors that influence the motivation of respondents in the implementation of PNPM-MP were the perceptions of PNPM-MP benefits and perceptions of PNPM-MP volunteers.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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