Judul: Gastrointestinal radiographic of the black marsh turtle (Siebenrockiella crassicollis) using iodinated contrast agent
Abstrak: Keberadaan kura-kura pipi putih (Siebenrockiella crassicolis) di Indonesia berpotensi menjadi langka karena diperdagangkan dalam jumlah besar secara ilegal. Konservasi dalam membuat habitat yang sesuai untuk kura-kura pipi putih perlu dipersiapkan guna mengoptimalkan kesejahteraan kura-kura pipi putih terutama dalam sistem digesti yang berpengaruh besar terhadap metabolisme tubuh. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui anatomi radiografi saluran cerna, waktu transit, waktu pengosongan lambung, dan diameter saluran cerna kura-kura pipi putih. Kura-kura pipi putih dewasa sebanyak enam ekor (tiga jantan dan tiga betina) pada 0,83 ± 0,07 kg berat badan, diadministrasikan media kontras iodin dengan dosis 10 mL/kg (konsentrasi 250 mg Iodin/mL). Kura-kura di letakkan pada wadah penomoran K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, dan K6, selanjutnya dilakukan pencitraan tanpa media kontras lalu dilakukan pencitraan pada 0 menit setelah administrasi media kontras. Pencitraan lalu diteruskan pada 20, 40, 60, 90, 120, 240 menit dan 24 jam. waktu dan gambar yang dihasilkan dianalisa secara deskriptif dan kuantitatif. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kura-kura pipi putih memiliki divertikulum esofagus, waktu transit >24 jam, waktu pengosongan lambung ≥121’, serta diameter saluran cerna keseluruhan berada dalam rentang rataan 0.30–1.83 cm., The existence of black marsh turtles (Siebenrockiella crassicollis) in Indonesia is currently enlisted as vulnerable due to illegal trade of this species in large number. In order to create suitable habitats for black marsh turtles, conservation efforts need to be prepared to optimize their welfare, especially in regards to black marsh turtle’s digestive system which has a major effect on the body metabolism. This research aims to determine the radiographic anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract, transit time, gastric emptying time, and gastrointestinal tract diameter of black marsh turtles. Six adult black marsh turtles (three males and three females) at 0.83 ± 0.07 kg body weight were administered with iodinated contrast agent at 10 mL/kg (solution concentration was 250 mg Iodine/mL). The turtles were then placed in containers labeled K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, and K6. Radiographic imaging was performed without contrast media. After the administration of the contrast media, imaging was immediately conducted (0 min), and subsequently repeated at 20, 40, 60, 90, 120, 240 minutes and 24 hours. The results revealed the existence of esophageal diverticulum in black marsh turtles. Further observation also showed black marsh turtle’s transit time (>24 hours), gastric emptying time (≥121'), and the range of their overall gastrointestinal diameter (0.30–1.83 cm).
Keyword: Media kontras iodin, kontras radiografi, saluran cerna, siebenrockiella crassicollis, waktu transit, contrast radiography, gastrointestinal tract, iodinated contrast agent, transit time

Judul: Techniques and Interpretation of Radiographic Imaging with Contrast Media in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Abstrak: Pemeriksaan radiografi merupakan salah satu prosedur pencitraan yang dapat digunakan dalam mengetahui informasi mengenai penyakit dalam tubuh ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui teknik pengambilan, interpretasi pencitraan radiografi, waktu transit, dan diameter saluran pencernaan pada ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio) dengan menggunakan media kontras barium sulfat. Tiga ikan mas dengan berat ± 0.5 kg dipisahkan dalam wadah masing-masing berlabel I1, I2, dan I3. Ikan dibius telebih dahulu menggunakan isoflurane sebanyak 2,5 mL yang diinjeksikan langusng ke dalam wadah berisi 5 liter air. Pencitraan dimulai terlebih dahulu tanpa media kontras pada standar pandang laterolateral dan dorsoventral menggunakan bantuan plastisin dan styrofoam. Ikan diberikan media kontras barium sulfat dengan dosis 5 mL/kg (konsentrasi 50%) menggunakan spuit 5 mL dan selang infus melalui belakang insang. Setelah pemberian media kontras, pencitraan segera dilakukan (0 menit), dan selanjutnya diulang pada 15, 30, 45, 60, dan 120 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan styrofoam efektif dalam membantu ikan dalam posisi dorsoventral karena styrofoam menghasilkan citra radiolucent. Pengamatan lebih lanjut juga menunjukkan gambaran normal anatomi saluran pencernaan ikan mas, rataan laju barium sulfat yang membutuhkan waktu ±7.5 menit untuk mencapai lambung palsu dan ±30 menit untuk mencapai usus, serta kisaran diameter gastrointestinal keseluruhan (0.35-0.47 cm)., Radiographic examination is one of the imaging procedures that can be used to find out information about diseases in the fish body. This research aims to knowing the retrieval technique, interpretation of radiographic imaging, transit time, and diameter of the digestive tract in carp (Cyprinus carpio) using barium sulfate contrast medium. Three carp weighing ±0.5 kg were separated in respective containers labeled I1, I2, and I3. Fish are anesthetized first using 2.5 mL of isoflurane which is injected directly into a container containing 5 liters of water. Imaging was started first without contrast media on standard laterolateral and dorsoventral views using plasticine and styrofoam. Fish given barium sulfate contrast medium at a dose of 5 mL/kg (50% concentration) using a spuit 5 mL and an infusion tube through the back of the gills. After administration of contrast medium, imaging was immediately performed (0 min), and then repeated at 15,30, 45, 60, and 120 min. The results showed that styrofoam was effective in helping fish in a dorsoventral position because styrofoam produced radiolucent images. Further observations also showed a normal picture of the anatomy of the carp's digestive tract, the average rate of barium sulfate which takes time ±7.5 minutes to reach the gastric and ±30 minutes to reach the intestine, and overall gastrointestinal diameter range (0.35-0.47 cm).
Keyword: Cyprinus carpio, Contrast agent, Gastrointestinal tract, Radiography technique, Transit time

Judul: Sistem Pengklasifikasian Entitas pada Pesan Twitter Menggunakan Ekspresi Regular dan Naïve Bayes
Abstrak: The widespread use of social networks like Twitter encourages some institutions to find out the entities that are discussed and the sentiment toward the entities. This research aims to build a system that can extract entities in tweets and classify the sentiment from the tweets. Entity extraction process is done using regular expressions. Writing regular expressions can capture the diverse entities. Sentiment classification is performed using naïve Bayes classification with Multinomial and Bernoulli models. Sentiment in this research consists of three classes, namely positive, negative, and neutral. Before entering the classification, tweets are normalized by replacing the non-standard words with the standard ones. The test results show that regular expression is quite effective for the entity extraction process. As for the results of the classification, naïve Bayes method produces high accuracy (96.75% for Multinomial and 96.33% for Bernoulli). However, the accuracy obtained depends on the neutral class which amounts to 97.88% for Multinomial and 99.95% for Bernoulli, while the positive class are 85.66% and 33.13% and negative class are 33.67% and 0%.
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