Judul: Toksisitas Akut Ekstrak Daun Tephrosia vogelii dan Efeknya terhadap Patologi Anatomi Organ pada Tikus Putih
Abstrak: Leaf extract of Tephrosia vogelii has been extensively tested and proven its effectiveness against a variety of insect pests. Insecticides that can be used in integrated pest management should not only effective against the target pest but also meet the safety requirements to non-target organisms. In this study the acute toxicity effect of T.vogelii leaf extract was tested to white rats. Four doses level was tested, i.e. 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg extract of kg body weight. The extract was given in a single dose using a blunt tip syringe. Observations were made at 15 and 30 minutes, 1, 2, 4 hours after treatment and every day until 14 day after treatment. The variable observed were mortality of rats and consumption of paddy. The mortality data was analyzed to determine LD50 of the leaf extract. The result gave LD50 of T.vogelii extract was 92.897 mg of kg body weight which indicate that the extract was very toxic to rats. The body weights of the rats decreased in first day after treatment. Extract of leaf T.vogelii decreased consumption of paddy by the rats at all doses, except control and 25 mg/kg body weight. Dose 200 mg of kg body weight caused congestion in the liver and lungs, and inflammation of the intestines and stomach.
Keyword: pathology., Rattus norvegicus, Tephrosia vogelii, acute toxicity

Judul: Uji Toksisitas Akut Ekstrak Daun Pelawan yang Diukur dengan Penentuan LD50 pada Tikus Jantan Galur Wistar.
Abstrak: Daun pelawan adalah tanaman obat yang banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat dalam mengobati berbagai penyakit, salah satunya adalah dapat mempercepat involusi uterus. Uji toksisitas akut ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat keamanan penggunaan ekstrak daun pelawan (Tristaniopsis obovata Benn). Penelitian ini menggunakan hewan coba sebanyak 15 ekor tikus putih galur wistar dan dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok perlakuan pertama diberikan ekstrak daun pelawan dengan dosis 300 mg/kg BB, kelompok perlakuan kedua diberikan ekstrak daun pelawan dengan dosis 2000 mg/kg BB, dan kelompok ketiga diberikan ekstrak etil daun pelawan dengan dosis 5000 mg/kg BB.Pemberian suspensi ekstrak menggunakan sonde lambung dan diberikan dalam dosis tunggal. Mortalitas dan gejala klinis diamati pada 24 jam pertama setelah perlakuan dan dilanjutkan dengan pengamatan selama 14 hari berikutnya. Hasil utama penelitian ini adalah mengetahui nilai LD50, yaitu sebesar 1750 mg/kg dan termasuk dalam kategori toksik sedang. Pengamatan histopatologi menunjukkan adanya perubahan pada organ hati
Keyword: akut, ekstrak, daun pelawan, LD50, toksisitas

Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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