Judul: Harvesting Management of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis  Jacq.) in Utara Petapahan Plantation, PT Peputra Masterindo, Kampar, Riau.
Abstrak: Kelapa sawit merupakan salah satu komoditas perkebunan penting sebagai sumber pemasukan devisa Negara Indonesia. Keberhasilan panen akan menunjang peningkatan produktivitas tanaman sehingga kegiatan pemanenan kelapa sawit merupakan salah satu kegiatan yang penting dalam pengelolaan perkebunan kelapa sawit. Kegiatan magang dilaksanakan di Kebun Utara Petapahan, PT Peputra Masterindo, Kampar, Riau pada tanggal 18 Januari hingga 17 Mei 2021. Kegiatan magang memiliki tujuan untuk menambah pengetahuan, memperoleh pengalaman, dan keterampilan kerja tentang budidaya kelapa sawit dengan aspek khusus yang diamati tentang manajemen pemanenan kelapa sawit. Aspek khusus yang diamati meliputi perencanaan panen, pelaksanaan panen, dan evaluasi panen. Data pengamatan dianalisis secara kuantitatif dan deskriptif dengan menggunakan rata rata, persentase, serta uji komparasi (t-student). Kegiatan pemanenan di Kebun Utara Petapahan sudah berjalan cukup baik, terlihat dari hasil produksi harian yang sesuai dengan taksasi produksi dengan nilai varian rata-rata di bawah 5% dan muatan panen pada alat truk yang sudah sesuai kapasitas. Walaupun demikian beberapa hal masih perlu diperbaiki dan ditingkatkan seperti rotasi panen yang masih panjang, pengadaan alat pelindung diri (APD) kaca mata dan kepatuhan dalam penggunaan helm yang masih dibawah angka 100%, mutu buah busuk yang sudah diatas standar sebesar 1,69% dari batas toleransi 1% , kapasitas pemanen rata-rata masih belum mencapai basis panen, kehilangan hasil berupa berondolan yang tidak terkutip dan buah matang tidak dipanen masih ditemukan pada saat pemeriksaan hanca., Oil palm is one of the important plantation commodities as a source of income for Indonesian. The successful harvest will support to increased the productivity, so oil palm harvesting is an important activity in management of oil palm plantations. Internship was held at Utara Petapahan Plantation, PT Peputra Masterindo, Kampar, Riau from January 18th until May 17th 2021. The internship activity aims to increase knowledge, gain experience and work skills about oil palm cultivation with specific aspects observed about harvest management of oil palm. Specific aspects that were observed included harvest planning, harvest implementation, and harvest evaluation. Observation data were analyzed quantitatively and descriptively using averages, percentages, and a comparative test (t-student). Harvesting activities in Utara Petapahan plantation have been running quite well, as seen from the daily production results in accordance with production estimates with an average variant value of below 5% and the fruit transportation with trucks are compatible with capacity. However several things still need to be improved such as harvesting rotation which is still long, procurement of personal protective equipments (PPE) for glasses and compliance with helmet use which is still below 100%, the quality of rotten fruit that has been above the standard is 1.69% of the tolerance limit 1%, average harvesting capacity is still has not reached the basis of harvest, lost yields have been found from not collected fruit and ripe fruit that wasn’t harvested are still found during the region inspection.
Keyword: capacity harvester, harvesting management, harvest planning, oil  palm, capacity harvester, harvesting management, harvest planning, oil palm

Judul: Harvesting Management of Palm oil (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) in Petapahan Utara Estate, PT Peputra Masterindo, Kampar District, Riau
Abstrak: Pemanenan dan pengelolaan hasil merupakan kegiatan terakhir dalam pengusahaan kelapa sawit. Kualitas buah berdampak pada kualitas minyak yang dihasilkan sehingga perlu adanya kegiatan manajemen pemanenan yang baik. Kegiatan magang mempelajari manajemen pemanenan kelapa sawit yang meliputi perencanaan panen, pelaksanaan panen, dan evaluasi panen. Kegiatan magang dilaksanakan mulai bulan Januari sampai Mei 2021. Rotasi panen termasuk panjang mencapai 15 hari, sedangkan standar kebun adalah 7 hari. Rata-rata AKP 21,53% dengan rata-rata varian 2,52%. Kebutuhan tenaga panen rata-rata taksasi 18,56 HK sedangkan realisasi 17,25 HK, hal tersebut sudah termasuk ideal. Penggunaan APD pemanen tergolong baik walaupun sebagian tidak berkenan menggunakan helm saat pelaksanaan panen. Transportasi panen menuju PKS relatif singkat yaitu 10,12 menit dengan rata-rata jarak tempuh 2,02 km dan kecepatan rata-rata 13,33 km jam-1. Pada pengamatan umur, masa kerja, jumlah tanggungan, dan pendidikan formal dari tenaga panen tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap kapasitas panen. Persentase mutu TBS sesuai dengan yang telah diterapkan oleh perusahaan, yaitu tidak ditemukan buah mentah, rata-rata buah mengkal 0,84, matang 98,03 dan busuk 1,14. Kehilangan hasil di lapangan ditemukan buah matang yang tidak terpanen dengan rata-rata 1 buah dan 1,43 butir brondolan tanaman-1. Upah basis sebesar Rp108.500,00 hari, dengan premi TBS Rp90,00, dan Rp400,00 kg brondolan-1. Kebun Utara Petapahan menerapkan sistem denda digunakan untuk meminimalisir terjadinya kesalahan panen., Harvest operation and management is the last stage of oil palm production. Fruit quality has a direct influence on the quality of oil produced which necessitates the implementation of good harvest management. An internship was conducted to study the harvest management of oil palm, including harvest planning, harvest operation and harvest evaluation. The internship started from January to May 2021. Harvest rotation lasted for 15 days, which took longer than the company standard of 7 days. The average harvest density was around 21.53% with an average variance of 2.52%. The average manpower needed for harvest operation was estimated at 18.56 while the realized number was 17.25, which considered ideal. The use of Personal protective equipment ( PPE) on harvest workers was sufficient, even though some workers refused to wear helmet during harvest. Harvest transportation to Palm Oil Mill (POM) was relatively quick which took around 10-12 minutes with an average distance of 2.02 km and an average speed of 13.33 km hour-1. There was no significant difference between harvesting capacity related to age, years of service, number of dependents, and formal education of harvest workers. The percentage of Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) quality was in line with the company standard with no unripe fruits found in the yield, and average number of half-ripe, ripe and rotten fruits reached 0.84; 98.03 and 1.14 respectively. On field yield loss showed an average of 1 bunch that left unharvested with average individual losses of 1.43 loose fruits plant-1. Initial base wage was offered at Rp108.500.00 days-1, with additional wages of Rp90.00 for each FFB, and Rp400.00 for every kilogram of loose fruits collected. Kebun Utara Petapahan implemented a sanction system to minimize harvest faulty.
Keyword: harvest rotation, harvester, PPE, yield loss

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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