Judul: Distribution of Soft Coral Based on Water Depth in Lombok  Strait, West Nusa Tenggara Province
Abstrak: Karang lunak adalah anggota Octocorallia yang memiliki tekstur tubuh yang lunak, disokong oleh duri-duri atau spikula yang terdapat didalam jaringan tubuhnya serta memiliki delapan tentakel. Karang lunak umumnya memiliki warna yang indah. Faktor yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan karang lunak antara lain cahaya, pergerakan air, suhu, dan salinitas. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Perairan Selat Lombok di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kedalaman terhadap jumlah genera dan mengetahui sebaran karang lunak berdasarkan kedalaman. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Maret hingga April 2021. Metode yang digunakan adalah Underwater Photo Transect dengan ukuran 1 x 1 meter. Secara keseluruhan, di semua kedalaman didapatkan sebanyak 24 genera karang lunak. Genera yang ditemukan pada tiap - tiap kedalaman bervariasi terdiri dari 4 genera di kedalaman 10 meter, 4 genera di kedalaman 20 meter, 6 genera di kedalaman 30 meter, 10 genera di kedalaman 40 meter, dan 20 genera di kedalaman 50 meter. Kedalaman mempengaruhi jumlah dan sebaran genera karang lunak. Semakin dalam suatu perairan jumlah dan sebaran genera yang ditemukan semakin bertambah.
Keyword: depth, distribution, genera, soft coral, Lombok Strait

Judul: Sebaran Karang Keras Berdasarkan Kedalaman di Perairan Selat Lombok, Provinsi NTB
Abstrak: Laut yang dimiliki Indonesia sangat luas dengan potensi sumberdaya yang besar harus dikelola dan dieksplorasi demi kepentingan rakyat Indonesia. Salah satu diantaranya adalah kekayaan dan keindahan terumbu karang. Terumbu karang merupakan ekosistem yang rentan dan dapat mengalami kerusakan akibat perubahan faktor lingkungan baik secara alami maupun ulah manusia. Salah satu penyusun ekosistem terumbu karang adalah karang keras. Pertumbuhan karang keras dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan yang menentukan bentuk adaptasi karang keras. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui jumlah dan sebaran genera karang keras berdasarkan kedalaman. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret - April 2021 dengan mengambil lokasi Selat Lombok yang tersebar di 5 kedalaman. Metode yang digunakan adalah Underwater Photo Transect dengan ukuran 1 x 1 meter. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan. Ditemukan total sebanyak 36 genera karang yang terdiri 21 genera di kedalaman 10 meter, 28 genera di kedalaman 20 meter 26 genera di kedalaman 30 meter,22 genera di kedalaman 40 meter, dan 16 genera di kedalaman 40 meter. Kedalaman mempengaruhi jumlah dan sebaran genera karang keras. Semakin dalam suatu perairan jumlah dan sebaran genus yang ditemukan semakin sedikit., For the people's prosperity, Indonesia has a wide ocean with many great potential resources that must be managed and explored. The diversity of species and the beauty of coral reefs are two of them. Coral reefs are delicate ecosystems that can be harmed by natural and human-caused changes in the environment. Hard coral is an important component of coral reef ecosystems. The form of hard coral adaptation is determined by environmental conditions that influence the growth of hard corals. The goal of this research is to determine the quantity and distribution of hard coral genera depending on their depth of water occurrences. The research took place in the Lombok Straits from March to April 2021 at five different depths. A 1 x 1 metre Underwater Photo Transect was employed as the method. The findings revealed a total of 35 coral genera, with 21 genera found at a depth of ten meters and 28 genera found at a depth of twenty meters. At a depth of 30 meters, there are 26 genera, 22 genera at 40 meters, and 16 genera at 40 meters. The number and distribution of hard coral genera appeared to be influenced by water depth. The number and distribution of genera found decreases as you go deeper into the ocean.
Keyword: genera, karang keras, kedalaman, sebaran, Selat Lombok, depth, distribution, hard coral, Lombok Strait

Judul: Evaluation of Influenza Antibody Titers in Serum and Egg Yolk of Layers Vaccinated with Influenza Vaccines.
Abstrak: Influenza belongs to the Orthomyxoviridae family which causes upper and lower respiratory tract infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate influenza-A specific antibody titers from serum and egg yolk of hens vaccinated with quadrivalent influenza vaccines. Three Hy-line Brown layers were vaccinated with quadrivalent influenza type A and B inactivated vaccines. Vaccination was carried out three times at a dose of 0.25 ml/chicken via the intramuscular route. The first vaccination was carried out at 24 weeks of age, then boosters were performed at 28 and 32 weeks of age. Serum and egg yolk were collected every week for 20 weeks since the first vaccination. Influenza A H3N2 and H1N1 antibody titers were determined using hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test and agar-gel-precipitation (AGP) test. Influenza-A H3N2 and H1N1 specific antibodies were detected in both serum and egg yolk from the first to twenty weeks after the initial vaccination. Highest HI geometric mean titer (GMT) of H1N1 antibody reached 26.67 HIU at nine weeks post first vaccination (p.f.v), while H3N2 antibody reached 26 HIU at six weeks p.f.v. Our result showed that influenza antibodies can be produced in layers using quadrivalent vaccines and layer chickens are able to produce equivalent antibody levels for each influenza subtype.
Keyword: antibody, egg yolk, influenza, layer chickens, serum