Judul: Pengaruh Penggunaan Lahan terhadap Sifat Fisiko Kimia dan Erodibilitas Tanah pada Berbagai Kemiringan Lereng ( Studi Kasus desa Ciputri Kecamatan Pacet, Cianjur).
Abstrak: The increasing number of population has caused increasing pressure over land utilization. This condition has caused more convertion of forest land into agriculture land. This convertion degrades land quality, as showed by the deterioration of soil chemical and physical characteristic and increasing erosion and sedimentation. A research to study the effect of land conversion on soil quality and soil erodibility was conducted in different slope gradient was conducted at Ciputri Village, Pacet Sub-District, Cianjur. To meet the purpose, twenty soil sample were taken from each forest and dry farm on three different slope classes : 3-8 %, 8-15 %, and 15-30 %. The soil sample then analyzed in soil physical laboratory to obtain data of soil physical characteristic. The Soil erodibility index was then calculated using Wischmeier and Smith (1978) formula. This research shows that bulk density of soil in dry farm is higher than that in forest. While forest permeability value is higher than dry farm, except in slope gradient of 8–15 %. The organic material in the forest is higher than that in dryfarm in the all slope. The percentage of very fine sand and dust in dry farm is relatively higher than those in forest, the opposite was percentage of clay. Based on several physical characteristic of soil mentioned before, it is concluded that Soil erodibility in dry farm is higher than the one in the forest. The Soil erodibility of dry farm are 0.34, 0.33 , and 0.21 for slope gradient of 8-15 %, 3-8 %, and 15- 30 % respectively, while the Soil erodibility of forest are 0.32, 0.26, and 0.16 for slope gradient of 3-8 %, 8-15 %, and 15-30 % respectively. The high Soil erodibility found in dry farm shows that dry farm is easier to be degraded by erosion compared to forest. In this case, the factors that are mostly affecting is percentage of very fine sand and dust, percentage of clay, soil organic material, and permeability. Keyword : soil erodibility, Land uses
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Judul: Karakteristik sifat fisik dan hidrologi tanah pada berbagai penggunaan lahan: studi kasus di desa cimulang, kecamatan rancabungur, kabupaten Bogor, provinsi Jawa Barat
Abstrak: The increasing population has caused increasing pressure over land utilization that has lead to more conversion of forest land into agriculture land (dry farm and plantation). This land conversion degrades land quality as indicated by decreasing quality of soil physical properties, decreasing of water infiltration, and increasing of runoff. A research to study soil physical and hydrology characteristics on mixed farm, oil palm plantations, and dry farm was carried out in Cimulang village, Rancabungur District, Bogor Regency. The study was conducted on different slope, i.e. 0-5%, 5-8% and 8-15% in the same soil type. Parameters observed in this study were infiltration capacity, hydraulic conductivity, bulk density, porosity, pore drainage, and soil ability to hold water (fiels capacity, available water, and fiels water content). Measurements of bulk density, porosity, pore drainage, and the ability of soil to hold water are done in the laboratory using undisturbed soil samples. Meanwhile, the measurements of infiltration and hydraulic conductivity were done in the field. The result shows that dry farm has the lowest quality of soil physical and hydrology as indicated by the highest bulk density and low porosity, macro pores, infiltration, and hydraulic conductivity. Land of oil palm has lower quality of soil physical than mixed farms. The quality of soil physical in mixed farms is better due to greater amount of plant residue and unintensive soil management that makes the land remains protected with minimum soil damage. The above result proved that the main factor affecting the soil physical properties and hydrology are the intensity of soil management, the quantity and quality of plant residue and organic material.
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Judul: Pengklonan gen VP28 Penyandi Viral Protein-28 dari virus white spot syndrome sebagai langkah awal produksi vaksin rekombinan udang penaeid
Abstrak: Usaha produksi udang dalam negeri saat ini sedang mengalami kendala akibat serangan penyakit white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) pada jenis udang windu (Penaeus monodon). WSSV yang termasuk virus DNA berukuran besar dapat menginfeksi udang dan berbagai jenis crustaceae lainnya. Virus ini merupakan patogen yang sangat ganas dan paling serius menyerang udang. Serangannya begitu cepat, sangat sulit dihentikan dan dapat mematikan 100% udang peliharaan dalam waktu 3-10 hari setelah munculnya gejala klinis. Serangan virus ini juga telah menghancurkan industri udang di berbagai negara. Infeksi WSSV ditandai dengan adanya bintik putih atau bercak putih pada eksoskeleton dan epidermis terutama pada bagian karapas udang. Hingga saat ini belum ada cara tradisionalyang efektif mencegah dan menanggulangi penyakit ini.
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