Judul: Optimasi Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows pada Rute Patroli Polisi di Kecamatan Dramaga, Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: Rute patroli polisi yang efisien akan mempertimbangkan alokasi titik rawan potensial yang dapat memudahkan polisi dalam melakukan pencegahan tindak kriminalitas sekaligus meminimumkan biaya operasional patroli polisi. Setiap titik rawan akan memiliki suatu time windows yang harus dipantau polisi dalam rentang time windows tersebut. Masalah optimasi rute ini dapat dimodelkan sebagai Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows dan diselesaikan secara eksak menggunakan Mixed Integer Linear Programming. Penelitian ini akan membahas studi kasus terkait optimasi rute patroli polisi di Kecamatan Dramaga, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat. Proses optimasi dilakukan dengan bantuan software LINGO 19.0. Penelitian ini memperoleh hasil optimasi berupa total biaya minimum operasional patroli polisi, waktu mulai patroli polisi di titik rawan, dan rute patroli polisi optimal berdasarkan tipe kendaraan yang berbeda., Efficient police patrol route will consider the allocation of potential hotspot which would make it easier for police to conduct the crime prevention as well as minimize police patrol operational cost. Each hotspot will be applied with time windows, hence police must observe the hotspot within the time windows. This route optimization problem can be modelled as Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows and can be solved by Mixed Integer Linear Programming as the exact approach. This research will discuss the case study of police patrol route optimization in Dramaga District, Bogor Regency, West Java. Optimization process was performed by using LINGO 19.0 software. Results of optimization from this research include the minimum police patrol total operational cost, starting time of police patrol at the hotspot, and optimal police patrol route based on distinct type of vehicles.
Keyword: Hotspot, police patrol route, time windows, vehicle routing problem

Judul: Pengoptimuman Biaya Pada Masalah Rute Kendaraan Multidepot Dengan Time Windows Dan Menggunakan Armada Dengan Kapasitas Dan Kecepatan Heterogen
Abstrak: Pendistribusian Barang Merupakan Salah Satu Hal Penting Dalam Suatu Kegiatan Produksi. Permasalahan Yang Sering Dihadapi Dalam Pendistribusian Barang Ialah Penentuan Rute Yang Harus Dilewati Oleh Kendaraan Pengirim Barang Tersebut. Dalam Penentuan Rute Tersebut, Setiap Perusahaan Memiliki Kendala Yang Berbeda-Beda, Seperti Terdapat Beberapa Depot, Kapasitas Kendaraan Yang Berbeda-Beda, Agen Dilayani Sesuai Dengan Time Windows Yang Dimilikinya, Dan Mengharuskan Kendaraan Sampai Ke Pelanggan Tepat Waktu. Tapi Terdapat Kendala Yang Dihadapi Kendaraan Selama Perjalanan, Yaitu Kondisi Jalan Antarlokasi Yang Membuat Kecepatan Kendaraan Tidak Konstan Dan Hal-Hal Tidak Terduga Selama Perjalanan Yang Dapat Mengganggu Waktu Perjalanan Tersebut. Masalah Ini Disebut Time-Dependent Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem With Time Windows And Heterogeneous Fleet. Masalah Ini Diselesaikan Dengan Menggunakan Perangkat Lunak Lingo 11.0 Dan Solusi Optimal Yang Diperoleh Berupa Rute Pendistribusian Barang Menggunakan Kendaraan Tertentu, Meminimumkan Biaya Dan Terdapat Waktu Ekstra Di Setiap Perjalanan Antarlokasi.
Keyword: Kendaraan Heterogen, Optimasi, Rute Pendistribusian, Time Dependent, Vehicle Routing Problem

Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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