Judul: Pemuasaan udang galah (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) dan kelulusan hidupnya selama penyimpanan dalam media serbuk gergaji dingin
Abstrak: Permintaan udang galah (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) terutama dalam bentuk hidup terus meningkat, baik untuk konsumsi lokal maupun regional, bahkan mempunyai peluang untuk tujuan ekspor.
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Judul: Penggunaan jerami dan serbuk gergaji sebagai media pengisi pada penyimpanan udang galah (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) tanpa media air
Abstrak: Permintaan udang galah (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) terutama dalam bentuk hidup terus meningkat baik di pasaran lokal maupun luar negeri. Penyimpanan udang galah hidup tanpa media air merupakan suatu simulasi transportasi sebelum dilakukan uji transportasi. Pada penyimpanan udang hidup tanpa media air digunakan media pengisi yang berfungsi untuk mencegah udang hidup agar tidak bergeser dalam kemasan, menjaga suhu tetap rendah agar udang tetap pingsan dan memberikan lingkungan udara yang memadai untuk kelangsungan hidup udang. Pemilihan jenis media pengisi yang baik, dapat meningkatkan tingkat kelulusan hidup udang selama disimpan tanpa media air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh penggunaan media pengisi jerami dan serbuk gergaji terhadap kelulusan hidup udang galah (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) selama penyimpanan tanpa media air. Tahap penelitian terdiri dari persiapan penelitian dan penelitian utama. Persiapan penelitian meliputi persiapan media air, persiapan media pengisi dan persiapan udang uji (adaptasi selama 2 hari serta pemuasaan selama 24 jam). Penelitian utama meliputi pemingsanan udang dengan penurunan suhu secara bertahap, uji penyimpanan udang galah dalam media pengisi yaitu jerami dan serbuk gergaji. Analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial yang terdiri dari dua faktor yaitu media pengisi dengan taraf jerami dan serbuk gergaji dan lama penyimpanan dengan taraf 3, 6, 9, 12 dan 15 jam. Kualitas air laboratorium yang telah diendapkan selama 2 hari hampir sama dengan kualitas air kolam habitat asal udang galah sehingga layak digunakan untuk adaptasi, pemuasaan dan pemingsanan. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media pengisi jerami pada penyimpanan udang galah hidup tanpa media air lebih baik bila dibandingkan dengan media pengisi serbuk gergaji. Udang galah yang disimpan dalam jerami selama 15 jam menghasilkan persentase kelulusan hidup udang sebesar 73,33% lebih tinggi bila dibandingkan dengan media pengisi serbuk gergaji yang hanya sebesar 50%.
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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