Judul: Isolation and Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria in Glass Eel Anguilla bicolor reared at the Department of Aquaculture, IPB
Abstrak: Eel (Anguilla bicolor) is a catadromous fish with high business prospects in the field of cultivation in both domestic and international markets. National eel production experienced a decline in 2020 by an average of 37.64%. A decrease in eel production can occur due to production failure due to disease. This research aims to isolate and identify pathogenic bacteria that cause disease and death in glass eel Anguilla bicolor kept at the Department of Aquaculture, IPB. This research method includes sampling, sample collection, observing clinical symptoms, isolating bacteria, identifying bacteria, examining bacteria through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) analysis, and histopathology. The results of the research showed that there were 10 bacterial isolates that dominantly grew, including Aeromonas sp, Clostridium sp, Listeria sp, Bacillus sp, Staphylococcus sp, Eubacterium sp, Micrococcussp. Chromobacterium sp, Vibrio sp, and Plesiomonas sp. The five bacterial isolates were further tested using PCR and Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria were identified. Histopathology results showed pathological microanatomical changes in the gill, kidney, liver and intestine tissue showing necrosis, edema, congestion, telangiectasis and villous abnormalities. The dominant pathogenic bacteria found and potentially causing disease in glass eel rearing in the Aquaculture Department is Aeromonas hydrophila, characterized by clinical symptoms of redness of the gills and damage to several tissues such as the gills, liver, kidneys and intestines.
Keyword: Aeromonas sp, bacteria, histopathology, identification, eel

Judul: Health Status of Eel (Anguilla sp.) from Natural and Temporary Rearing.
Abstrak: Eel (Anguilla sp.) has been become a high economic valuable fisheries resources which has decreasing stock for the last two decade. The dependence of aquaculture from natural catching of juvenile, because of unknown breeding technique, derived this organism into over fishing for juvenile which is migrate to upstream or the adult which is migrate to deep sea to breed. Influence of pollution and or pathogen infection has been supported the decrease of stock in nature. The health status of this organism, therefore used to analysed population structure and the change of individual and population in order to make some strategy to keep this resources ever last and to develop the best aquaculture technique. The health status are information comprised organism condition linked with immunity of pathogen infection, interaction with other microorganism and influence of nature condition. This information would be useful to know the fitness of organism in their natural live or in artificial nature such as aquaculture. This research has been held to compare the eel health status from natural and temporary rearing during ten days of rearing in fish collector before use to aquaculture. This information would be useful to develop some standard health status of juvenile eel and to create the best temporary rearing method in order to keep the quality of juvenile. Sample were taken from two main rivers in Cilacap Residence (Donan River and Serayu River) where the eel use it as migration route. Sample also taken from bendung gerak Serayu, an artificial dam, which is obstructing the migration of eel. The result shows that although no significant different in condition factor, the temporary rearing has increasing reddish node in the head, body, fins and tail of eel. There are four parasite founded in this research that are Nematode (Procamallanus sp. and Anguillicola sp.) which are infected internal organ of eel and Platyhelminthes (Dactylogyrus sp. and Deropristis sp.) which are infected the gills. Identification of Anguillicola sp. is the first record from Indonesian waters. The bacteria founded in this research are Aeromonas hydrophylla, Pseudomonas luteola, Vibrio fluvialis, Aeromonas sobria and Aeromonas caviae. The highly prevalence of infection coming from genus Aeromonas and has been influenced the haematological condition and histopathology of eel. Decreasing of haematocrit level from 38.27 ± 0.63 in sample from bendung gerak Serayu to 37.54 ± 0.45 (%) and total erythrocyte from 2.47±0.18 to 2.36±0.11 (x106 cell/ml) after ten days temporary rearing in Kebasen shows that this group of bacteria has a very high potent causing anaemia in eel. In the other hand, increasing of total erythrocyte, decreasing of lymphocyte percentage and increasing of monocyte and neutrophil percentage for all observed sample indicated that eel had been developing innate immunity to face of inappropriate condition in temporary rearing. The pathogen disruption has also been detected from histopatologycal disorder such as hyperplasia of gills, necrosis and inflammation of heart and necrosis and lesion of muscle. Infestation of parasite with their hooks and or infiltration bacteria with their virulent factor could damage the cell of eel organ. This disruption shows that temporary rearing has been becoming
Keyword: eel (Anguilla sp.), health status, temporary rearing

Judul: Penentuan Harga Opsi Put Amerika dengan Simulasi Monte Carlo
Abstrak: An American option is an option that can be exercised at the strike price anytime before or on the date of expiration. In this thesis, Monte Carlo simulation for valuation of American option is presented. Monte Carlo simulation is one of the numerical methods used to determine the price of American options. The simulation provides several examples of initial stock price , rate of interest , exercise time , volatility , and strike price K. The simulation study shows the cost of the option c decreases when S increases, c decreases when r increases, c increases when T increases, c increases when  increases, and c increases when K increases.
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