Judul: Filogeni Kerbau Rawa (Bubalus bubalis) Berdasarkan Genom Mitokondria
Abstrak: Kerbau yang ada saat ini merupakan hasil domestikasi kerbau liar Asia, Bubalus arnee. Kerbau basil domestikasi dibedakan menjadi dua jenis, yaitu kerbau rawa dati kerbau sungai. Keduanya berbeda baik secara fisik, kariotipe dan pola penyebar'mya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui posisi filogeni B. bubalis dalam Bovidae dan mempelajari pola penyebarannya berdasarkan genom mitokondria. Sampel yang digunakan adalah kerbau rawa lokal yang berasal dari Sumatera Utara, Banten, Jawa Tengah dan NTB. Amplifikasi dilakukan secara in vilro dengan teknik Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Produk amplifikasi sebesar 1145 pb dirunutkan dan dianalisis filogeninya. Empat dari delapan sampel berhasil diamplifikasi yaitu kerbau asal Sumatera Utara, Banten dan NTB. Semua sampel kerbau rawa lokal mengelompok dalam subfamili Bovinae dali famili Bovidae .Pola penyebaran kerbau mengikuti pola ekspansi pertanian manusia dari daratan Cina, tempat nenek moyang kerbau, menuju ke semanjung Malaya (Sumatera Utara) dan ke arah Jawa kemudian tnenuju ke Indonesia Timur. Hal ini merupakan penjelasan bahwa sampel asal Sumatera Utara adalah haplotipe yang berbeda dari sampel asal Banten dan NTB berdasarkan analisis menggunakan dua basa pertama pada tiap kodon Cyt b.
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Judul: Analisis keragaman genetik kerbau lokal (Bubalus bubalis) berdasarkan haplotipe DNA mitokondria
Abstrak: Mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) in vertebrate is a circular double stranded DNA molecule. It has a high mutation rate and strictly maternally inherited. This research was conducted to investigate the diversity among local buffalos based on mtDNA’s control region. Samples that were used in this research were native buffalos from 10 Jawa Tengah, 12 Nusa Tenggara Barat, 10 Sumatera Utara and 12 Banten. By in vitro amplification with Polymorphism Chain Reaction method (PCR) using a pair of primer AF22 and AF23, yielded 1145 base pair long. The selected region is a segment spanning the region of end part 3’ cyt-b gene through the partial of the 3’ control region (d-loop). The PCR product was digested with four restriction enzymes, which were AluI (AG↓CT), HaeIII (GG↓CC), HinfI (G↓AnTC) and MspI (C↓CGG). Two haplotypes were detected among 44 samples. The nucleotide diversity among these haplotypes is 0,17%. Haplotype 1 found in all sample locations, while haplotype 2 was only found in one sample from Sumatera Utara. Genetically, the buffalos from Jawa Tengah, Nusa Tenggara Barat and Banten guessed have a same origin heredity (D = 0,000) and they have a near kinship with Sumatera Utara’s buffalo (D= 0,0061).
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Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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