Judul: Economic Value of The Surface Water in Cihideung Sub Watershed Cisadane Watershed
Abstrak: Air merupakan sumberdaya alam terpenting dalam kehidupan makhluk hidup. Aliran air tidak hanya mengalir dalam tanah, tetapi juga mengalir di atas permukaan tanah yang disebut air permukaan. Salah satu sumber air permukaan yang berada di Jawa Barat adalah air sungai dari Sub DAS Cihideung, DAS Cisadane yang melalui beberapa kecamatan di Kabupaten Bogor. Selain digunakan untuk kebutuhan rumah tangga, air Sub DAS Cihideung juga digunakan masyarakat desa dengan tingkat pendapatan rata-rata Rp. 4.224.000.000 per tahun dan pengeluaran rata-rata Rp.1.415.600.000 per tahun. Pendidikan rata-rata masyarakat lulusan SD sebagai penunjang kebutuhan kerja yang berprofesi sebagai petani, peternak, dan pembudi daya ikan dengan usia antara 47-53 tahun. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa air Sub DAS Cihideung digunakan untuk kebutuhan rumah tangga (domestik), pertanian, perikanan dan peternakan. Debit rata-rata air sungai adalah 129 m3/detik dengan dua kelompok kesaaman air yaitu hulu berada di kelompok pertana dan tengah serta hilir berada di kelompok kedua karena mengalami kemiripan hingga 92%. Tingkat pencemaran air di Sub DAS Cihideung pada hulu tergolong tercemar ringan, sementara tengah dan hilir tergolong dalam tercemar sedang. Nilai ekonomi air Sub DAS Cihideung sebesar Rp. 240.245.531.195,00/tahun. Nilai kesediaan membayar masyarakat sebesar Rp. 138.784.446.558,00/tahun Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah tingkat penggunaan air yang tinggi digunakan oleh masyarakat sekitar Sub DAS Cihideung untuk berbagai keperluan dengan kualitas air saat ini yang semakin menurun. Adanya kesadaran masyarakat sebesar Rp. 240.245.531.195,00/tahun untuk membayar jasa lingkungan air menunjukkan potensi kekuatan masyarakat untuk meningkatkan manfaat dan kelestarian air Sub DAS Cihideung., Surface water is part of the rainfall flowing above the ground to rivers, lakes, or oceans. One of the surface water resources in West Java is the river water from Sub DAS Cihideung sub watershed. People living in the Cihideung river have traditionally benefited water value as environmental services of the river. They use the water for their livelihood, mainly for agriculture, fisheries, and livestock with their level of average income Rp. 4.224.000.000 per year and average of expenditure Rp.1.415.600.000 per year. Most of them work as farmers with an average age of 47-53 years and the education level is only elementary school level. They put value of water services about Rp. 240.245.531.195,00 per year for all house hold in Cihideung Sub Watershed for economic value of water utilization. The quality of water tends to be degrading with existing condition is mild to moderate polluted. Total willingness to pay Rp. 138.784.446.558,00 per year for ecosystem services. The water condition have been decreasing people income and need to be restored among other by upland forest conservation using Payment of Environmental Service schema. The value of water could be managed as a source of fund for the conservation program.
Keyword: Cihideung River, economic value, environmental services, water quality, willingness to pay

Judul: Analisis Willingness To Pay Masyarakat terhadap Pembayaran Jasa Lingkungan Mata Air Cirahab (Desa Curug Goong, Kecamatan Padarincang, Kabupaten Serang, Banten)
Abstrak: Water is one of important elements in human life. Water is also used for a variety of interest such as drinking, cooking, washing, and all other activities that directly relate to human walfare. The purpose of research is to determine the value of willingness to pay (WTP) for community economic instruments, namely payment environmental services, the factors that affect respondents’s willingness to do a payment environmental services and the factors that affect the value of preparedness. Willingness of respondents to pay for environmental services is influenced by several factors, such as the assessment of water quality, the amount of water needs, and the distance to the water source. The assessment of water quality impacts is significant at 90 percent, variable amount of water needs is significant at 95 percent, while variable distance to the water source is significant at 99 percent. WTP value in this research is the value that will be given by the respondents to environmental services generated by Cirahab spring per liter per household. Average WTP is Rp. 101/liter/household, while total WTP is Rp. 83.835/liter. The factors affecting the value of respondents’s WTP are influenced by the assessment of water quality, the amount of water need, the distance to the water source, and the average household income. The assessment of water quality impacts is significant at 90 percent, variable anount of water needs is significant at 95 percent, variable distance to water source is significant at 99 percent, and variable average household income is significant at 90 percent. Once established average WTP value per liter per household has been determined the potential value of water Cirahab spring is calculated by multiplying the average WTP value with the number of respondents environmental services utilization. The value of environmental services by community is around 51.887.305/liter/year that can be generated by 4,94 Ha of land through transfer benefit method. Land should be planted to absorp tree so that the quality water and quantity water of Cirahab spring be sustainable. The potential valus of Cirahab spring was obtained from the multiplication number of environmental services by community with average WTP value, so the potential value of Cirahab spring is Rp. 5.240.617.805/year which is more greater than the cost restoration of forest ecology is Rp. 544.758.500/Ha/year. Key words : water, payment environmental services, willingness to pay, transfer benefit, the cost restoration of forest ecology
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Judul: Studi Kasus Liver Neoplasia pada Anjing Shih Tzu
Abstrak: Liver neoplasia is the excessive and uncontrolled replication of hepatocytes that forms nodules visible in ultrasonography. The purpose of this study is to study and discuss the characteristic, diagnosis and treatment of liver neoplasm through the interpretation of ultrasonography and hematology in a Shih Tzu dog. Ultrasonography is conducted with a Chison Q8 ultrasound machine with a 5 to 7 MHz frequency convex probe on lateral recumbency. The blood cells, liver enzymes and nodules sizes were the main parameters in this study. The results in the period of three years from 2021 to 2023 were interpreted and supported with secondary data sources. The Shih Tzu dog is 14 years old in the year 2023 with a body weight of 5.21kg. No obvious clinical signs were observed during previous examinations. However, lethargy, vomiting and anorexia were recorded in its latest examination. Thrombocytosis, granulocytosis, high liver enzymes and hypoglycemia, which are some of the neoplastic clinical manifestations were also presented by this patient. Besides, liver neoplasm, spleen neoplasm and biliary sludge were the sonogram findings of this patient. The liver and spleen neoplasm was observed stable, while the biliary sludge volume fluctuated. The treatment strategy recorded is Ondansetron, Samylin®, Ornipural and Ursodeoxycholic acid.
Keyword: Blood biochemistry profile, Hematology, Liver Neoplasia, Shih Tzu, Ultrasonography