Judul: Morfologi dan Morfometri Parasitoid Ganjur Alang-Alang Asal Kabupaten Cianjur, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Imperata cylindrica is a species of grass that can be found in all tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The spread and colonization capacity of cogongrass has caused economic and ecological losses. The cogongrass gall midges, Orseolia javanica (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) is reported and having potential as a biological agent that is known to specifically attack cogongrass. Information regarding the parasitoids O. javanica is not widely known. The parasitoids can cause population decline, thereby reducing the effectiveness of attacks O. javanica in controlling the spread of cogongrass. This study aimed to describe the morphological and morphometric characters of the cogongrass gall midges parasitoids, and its parasitization level. This research was conducted from July 2018 to June 2019. The gall cogongrass was collected from bunds bordering rice fields in Cianjur District, West Java. The research was consist of several stages started from rearing the gall cogongrass, morphometric measurements, and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photo. Rearing and morphometric measurements was conducted at the Insect Biosystematics Laboratory, Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University. Morphometric measuring its body parts were carried out using the compound microscope model LEICA M205 C. The measured morphometric characters included body length, head length and width, antena length, mesosoma and metasoma length and width, front wing length and width, and others. The SEM photo was taken at the Zoological Biology Research Center, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) Cibinong District, Bogor Regency, West Java. Specimen photograph were teken using SEM JEOL JSM-IT 200. Three species of parasitoids were found in cogongrass gall midges, i.e. Platygaster orseoliae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae), Aprostocetus sp. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), and Propicroscytus mirificus (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). The results of morphometric measurements showed the body length of females P. orseoliae was 0.65–0.98 mm, and male was 0.69–1.07 mm. Aprostocetus sp. showed a female body length was 1.51–2.02 mm, and a male was 1.13–1.29 mm. P. mirificus showed a female body length was 4.14–4.46 mm. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) of the parasitoids cogongrass gall midge P. orseoliae did not have any differences between male and female, Aprotocetus sp. females have a larger body size than males, and P. mirificus has the largest body size compared to other parasitoids. Cogongrass gall midges obtained from the field showed 28.40% were parasitized. The highest parasitization level of cogongrass gall midges was caused by P. orseoliae (21.89%), and the lowest was P. mirificus (2.37%).The average of parasitoid per host on P. orseoliae was 61 individuals, Aprostocetus sp. 9 individuals, and P. mirificus 1 individual. The female sex ratio on P. orseoliae was 89.84%, Aprostocetus sp. 79.36%, and P. mirificus 75.00%.
Keyword: Cecidomyiidae, Imperata, Orseolia, Platygaster, SEM

Judul: Deskripsi dan Kunci Identifikasi Parasitoid Nyamuk Ganjur Alang-Alang Orseolia javanica Kieffer & Van Leeuwen-Reijnvaan (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) di Kabupaten Bogor dan Cianjur
Abstrak: Alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica) adalah salah satu gulma yang sulit dikendalikan di dunia. Nyamuk ganjur alang-alang, Orseolia javanica Kieffer & van Leeuwen Reijnvaan, merupakan serangga yang spesifik menyerang alang-alang dan memiliki tingkat fekunditas cukup tinggi. Potensinya dalam menekan populasi alang-alang masih dihadapkan dengan kendala lain seperti tingginya tingkat parasitisasi di lapangan. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah mendapatkan informasi mengenai parasitoid dan tingkat parasitisasinya pada nyamuk ganjur alang-alang di Kabupaten Bogor dan Cianjur, membuat deskripsi dan kunci identifikasi parasitoid nyamuk ganjur alang-alang, serta mengetahui waktu kemunculan dan nisbah kelamin dari parasitoid nyamuk ganjur alang-alang. Tingkat parasitisasi dari parasitoid nyamuk ganjur alang-alang berkisar 1-20%, meskipun nilainya rendah namun dapat menurunkan populasi nyamuk ganjur alang-alang sehingga menurunkan pula potensinya dalam menekan pertumbuhan alang-alang. Spesies parasitoid yang ditemukan menyerang nyamuk ganjur alang-alang O. javanica dari dua lokasi pengambilan sampel ada delapan spesies parasitoid Hymenoptera dari lima famili antara lain Platygaster orsioliae, Platygaster sp. (Platygastridae), Aprostocetus procerae, Aprostocetus sp. (Eulophidae), Propicroscytus mirificus, Lamprotatus sp. (Pteromalidae), Neanastatus sp. (Eupelmidae), dan Eurytoma sp. (Eurytomidae). Deskripsi dari parasitoid-parasitoid tersebut mencakup sinonim, karakteristik morfologi, kisaran inang, dan lokasi yang ditemukan. Kunci identifikasi dari semua parasitoid yang ditemukan pada penelitian ini berguna untuk memudahkan mengenali spesies parasitoid yang menyerang nyamuk ganjur alang-alang. Berdasarkan hasil pemeliharaan, kisaran waktu kemunculan imago parasitoid dari nyamuk ganjur alang-alang terjadi pada hari ke-2 hingga maksimal hari ke-14 setelah pengambilan sampel. Nisbah kelamin dari sebagian besar parasitoid yang menyerang nyamuk ganjur alang-alang menunjukkan nisbah kelamin bias betina (betina lebih banyak dibandingkan jantan)., Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) is one of the most difficult to control weeds globally. The cogongrass gall midge, Orseolia javanica Kieffer & van Leeuwen Reijnvaan, is an insect that specifically attacks cogongrass and has a high level of fecundity. The potential of O. javanica in suppressing the cogongrass population is still faced with other obstacles, such as the high level of parasitization in the field. This study aimed to obtain information about parasitoids and their parasitization level of cogongrass gall midge in Bogor and Cianjur Districts, to create a description and identification key for parasitoids from the cogongrass gall midge, and to determine the time of emergence and sex ratio of the parasitoid from the cogongrass gall midge. The parasitization percentage of the cogongrass gall midge parasitoid ranges from 1-20%. Although the value is low, it can reduce the cogongrass gall midge population and reduce its potential in suppressing cogongrass growth. The parasitoids that were found attacking the cogongrass gall midge O. javanica from the two sampling locations were eight Hymenopteran parasitoid species from five families. They are Platygaster sp., P. orsioliae (Platygastridae), Aprostocetus procerae, Aprostocetus sp. (Eulophidae), Propicroscytus mirificus, Lamprotatus sp. (Pteromalidae), Neanastatus sp. (Eupelmidae), and Eurytoma sp. (Eurytomidae). Descriptions of these parasitoids include synonyms, morphological characteristics, host range, and locations found. The identification key of all the parasitoids found in this study helps make it easier to identify the parasitoid speciesthat attack the cogongrass gall midge. Based on the results of gall maintenance, the average time of emergence of parasitoid imago from the cogongrass gall midge occurred on the 2nd day to a maximum of the 14th
Keyword: alang-alang, keanekaragaman, musuh alami, pengendalian hayati

Judul: Kiat sukses usaha industri jamu dan minuman PD. Budi Lestari Jakarta
Abstrak: PD. Budi Lestari merupakan industri kecil minuman yang dikelola secara sederhana dengan bermodalkan Rp. 15.000.000,-. pada tahun 1996, keberadaan usaha ini dikelola oleh Bapak Amir Utama yang memiliki pengalaman 11 tahun pada industri sejenis.
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