Judul: Diversity of food and medicinal plants in Madapangga Tourism Park Bima District of West Nusa Tenggara Province
Abstrak: Madapangga Tourism Nature Park is one of the conservation area in Bima District that has a high plants resources. This study aims to identify the species diversity of food and medicine plants, utilization by people around the area and its development. Vegetation analysis was conducted to determine species diversity, species dominance, distribution patterns and community similarity. Interviews were conducted to determine the common species used and the level knowledge of people about the use of food and medicinal plants. Food plants are found 36 species from 20 families and 4 habitus consisting of 25 species of trees, 1 species of shrubs, 9 species of herbs and 1 species of liana. Anacardiaceae and Leguminosae were found with the highest number of species respectively 4 species, whereas Amaranthaceae, Myrtaceae and Rutaceae respectively 3 species. That food plants used as fruits (17 species), vegetables (15 species), fresh vegetables and spices (respectively 5 species), the source of carbohydrate (3 species). Part of the plants are used as food mostly fruits (25 species), leaves (18 species), seeds (4 species), flowers (3 species), bulbs and stems (respectively 2 species) and all parts of the plant (1 species). Medicinal plants are found 76 species from 40 families and 6 habitus consisting of 38 species of trees, 10 species of shrubs, 23 species of herbs, 3 species of lianas, respectively 1 species from epiphyte and parasite. Leguminosae were found with the highest number of species are 7 species; Euphorbiaceae are 6 species; Amaranthaceae, Anacardiaceae and Rutaceae respectively 4 species; Asteraceae, Moraceae, and Myrtaceae respectively 3 species. That medicinal plants are used to treat a variety of illness. Utilization of these species are categorized into 15 groups of diseases / usage. Part of the plants used are the leaves (48 species), bark (24 species), roots (19 species), fruits (17 species), flowers (8 species), beans (21 species), roots, bark fruit and tubers (respectively 2 species) and all parts (11 species). The highest richness and diversity of food and medicinal plants found in intensive utilization block. Margalef richness index food and medicinal plants in that block respectively 10.29 and 6.09, whereas Shannon-Wiener diversity index respectively 3.66 and 3.12. The lowest Margalef richness index of food and medicinal plants found in protection block respectively 4.97 and 2.77, whereas Shannon-Wiener diversity index respectively 2.66 and 2. Evenness value in the third block in the management tend to be higher with value each more than 0.7. Tree habitus of food plants dominated by Tamarindus indica, Ziziphus mauritiana, Shcleicera oleosa, Protium javanicum, Psidium guajava, Syzygium cumini, and Aleurites moluccana; whereas medicinal plants consist of Alstonia scholaris, Strychnos ligustrina, Alstonia spectabilis, Lagerstroemia speciosa and Jatropha curcas. Shrub and herb habitus dominated by Solanum indicum, Amaranthus spinosus, Portulaca oleracea, Ocimum sanctum and Lantana camara; whereas medicinal plants are dominated by Zingiber aromaticum, Achyranthes aspera, Justicia gendarussa, S.indicum and Amorphophallus variabilis. Liana habitus belonging food plants are found in the study site is Momordica charantia, whereas those belonging medicinal plants are Tinospora crispa and Piper retrofractum. Epiphyte and Parasite habitus are found respectively Asplenium nidus and Dendropthoe sp. Distribution pattern
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Judul: The utilization of food and medicinal plants by community of around Laiwangi-Wanggameti National Park (Case Study at Katikuwai Village, Matawai Lapau Sub-District, East sumba District, East Nusa Tenggara)
Abstrak: berada di sekitar tempat tinggalnya. Namun demikian, data dan informasi tentang spesies tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan sebagai pangan dan obat belum terdokumentasikan dengan baik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi potensi dan keanekaragaman spesies tumbuhan pangan dan obat di Desa Katikuwai serta kearifan lokal masyarakat yang berperan dalam upaya konservasi keanekaragaman tumbuhan. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Katikuwai Kecamatan Matawai Lapau, Kabupaten Sumba Timur, Nusa Tenggara Timur, pada bulan Maret - April 2012. Metode yang digunakan dalam mengumpulkan data yaitu dengan cara studi pustaka, wawancara, observasi lapang, identifikasi tumbuhan melalui cross check dengan buku identifikasi tumbuhan dan dokumen lain yang terkait, serta pembuatan sampel herbarium. Pemilihan responden dengan kombinasi metode purposive sampling dan snow ball dan didapatkan jumlah responden sebanyak 30. Hasil penelitian teridentifikasi bahwa jumlah tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan sebanyak 92 spesies tumbuhan yang terdiri dari 45 famili, 8 habitus, dan 14 bagian tumbuhan yang digunakan, didalamnya termasuk 39 spesies tumbuhan pangan, , 19 spesies tumbuhan pangan fungsional dan 34 spesies tumbuhan obat. Keanekaragaman spesies tumbuhan yang ada, berada pada berbagai macam tipe habitat seperti pekarangan, kebun, ladang, sawah dan sekitar jalan yang merupakan hasil dari budidaya (46%), liar (27%) dan gabungan antara budidaya dan liar (20%). Keanekaragaman tumbuhan pangan yang paling banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat adalah famili Fabaceae, contoh spesiesnya yaitu karabengok (Mucuna pruriens). Terdapat 19 spesies tumbuhan yang memiliki manfaat sebagai pangan dan obat sekaligus, atau yang disebut pangan fungsional. Berdasarkan keanekaragaman spesies, yang paling banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat adalah famili Zingiberaceae contoh spesiesnya yaitu alia/jahe (Zingiber officinale), Sedangkan pada keanekaragaman tumbuhan obat, yang paling banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat adalah Famili Euphorbiaceae contoh spesies yaitu damar merah (Ricinus communis) dan Asteraceae contoh spesiesnya yaitu kondu (Erigeron sumatrensis).
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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