Judul: Keterkaitan antara Terumbu Karang dan Lamun dengan Sumberdaya Ikan dingkis (Siganus canaliculatus) di Perairan Pulau Abang, Kota Batam
Abstrak: lkan dingkis merupakan ikan yang hidup berasosiasi dengan terumbu karang dan padang lamun. Bagi masyarakat Pulau Abang, ikan dingkis merupakan ikan target dan jadi incaran terutama pada saat perayan Imlek karena harganya cukup tinggi khususnya yang mengandung telur. Eksploitasi yang berlebihan dan penggunaan alat tangkap yang tidak ramah lingkungan mengancam sumberdaya ikan dingkis dan habitatnya., Rabbit fish (Siganus canaliculatus) is an associated fish that live with coral reefs and seagrass. The fish is fishing target for local people and drilled during Lunar Chines New Year Season because of high price particulary its containing eggs. Excessive exploitation of the resources and unfriendly environment threaten the existence of the abundance of the fish. Research objective is to analyze the condition of coral reefs, seagrass and Rabbit fish, where the study can be used as an input of the management of the fish resources. Data was collected in May and June 2009. Transect square method was used to describe the condition of the coral reefs and seagrass and analysis using Image J. The abundance of fish was determined with Under Water Visual Census. Furthermore, food habits was analyzed using the Preponderance Index. Clustering analysis was used by using the Bray Curtis Index and to see their relevance was done using Pearson correlation (r). The results obtained was: (I) The condition of coral cover was poor to moderate category between 21.83% - 64.49%, while for the algae varied between 2,77% - 57.62%, (2) The condition of seagrass cover varied between 1620"10 - 67.90%. Pearson correlation analysis (r). showed that Rabbit fish has a weak relationship but positive with r<0.5 on the seagrass or algae. Management alternatives are: (1) To increase public knowledge in the form of information about the coral reefs and seagrass in . the framework of Rabbit fish resources, (2) Seagrass rehabilitation, (3) catching prohibition at certain times, (4) cultivation activities, (5) involving stakeholders and (6) enhancing the supervision.
Keyword: Terumbu Karang, Ikan dingkis, Siganus canaliculatus, Perairan Pulau Abang, Batam

Judul: Rabbitfish (Siganus sp.) Utilization Status in Karimunjawa Waters
Abstrak: Perairan Karimunjawa memiliki potensi perikanan tangkap yang tinggi, baik sumberdaya ikan pelagis maupun karang. Ikan baronang (Siganus sp.) merupakan ikan karang dengan nilai ekonomis penting. Tingginya permintaan konsumsi ikan baronang melatarbelakangi peningkatan operasi penangkapan ikan. Informasi biologi dan status pemanfaatan ikan baronang diperlukan untuk mendukung pengelolaan perikanan berkelanjutan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan unit penangkapan dan status pemanfaatan sumberdaya ikan baronang serta membandingkan tren status pemanfaatan ikan baronang dalam rentang waktu 2014-2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan data monitoring dari Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) berupa data panjang ikan baronang. Data yang digunakan sebanyak 2625 ekor ikan baronang dari dua spesies dominan yakni Siganus javus dan Siganus punctatus. Metode pendekatan LB-SPR (Length-based Spawning Potential Ratio) digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa unit penangkapan dominan adalah panah dan bubu. Siganus punctatus memiliki nilai SL50 (29,08) < Lm (30) sedangkan Siganus javus memiliki nilai SL50 (27,13) > Lm (23). Siganus punctatus berada dalam status pemanfaatan fully moderately dengan nilai SPR sebesar 33% sedangkan spesies Siganus javus berada dalam status pemanfaatan over exploited dengan nilai SPR sebesar 12%. Oleh karena itu, pengendalian terhadap jumlah tangkapan dan ukuran tangkapan perlu diperhatikan, baik dalam musim penangkapan ataupun musim pemijahan, sehingga terciptanya pengelolaan perikanan baronang yang bertanggung jawab dan berkelanjutan., Karimunjawa waters have potentially captured fisheries resources, pelagic and coral fishes. Rabbitfish (Siganus sp.) is a reef fish with significant economic value. The high demand for the consumption of rabbitfish is the background to the increase in fishing operations. Information on the biology and utilization status of rabbitfish is needed to support sustainable fisheries management. The study aimed to describe the fishing units and utilization status of rabbitfish resources and to compare trends in rabbitfish utilization status in the 2014-2020 time frame. This study used monitoring data from the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) in the form of rabbitfish length data. The data used were 2625 rabbitfish from two dominant species, Siganus javus, and Siganus punctatus. The LB-SPR (Length-based Spawning Potential Ratio) approach method was used in this study. The results showed that the dominant fishing units were arrows and traps. Siganus punctatus has a value of SL50 (29.08) < Lm (30), while Siganus javus has a value of SL50 (27.13) > Lm (23). Siganus punctatus is in a moderately utilized status with an SPR value of 33%, while the Siganus javus species is in an over-exploited utilization status with an SPR value of 12%. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to controlling the number of catches and the size of the catch, both during the fishing and spawning seasons, to create responsible and sustainable management of the rabbitfish fisheries.
Keyword: length at first maturity, Karimunjawa waters, Siganus javus, Siganus  punctatus, length-based spawning potential ratio

Judul: Sintesis Flavon dari Fenol dan Benzoil Klorida
Abstrak: Flavone is a class of flavonoid, commonly found in plants with wide bioactivity spectrum. A widely used flavone synthesis route is through acidcatalyzed oxidative cyclization of β-diketone. In this study, unsubstituted flavone had been synthesized via 5-step from phenol, with 22% yield and successfully increased the yield of previous study on Fries rearrangement of phenyl acetate and benzoylation of o-HAP steps. Phenol was acetylated resulting 93% phenyl acetate. AlCl3-catalyzed Fries rearrangement in 1.5 hour and at 120 °C converted phenyl acetate into o-hydroxyacetophenone (o-HAP) with 40% yield. AlCl3 as catalyst produced o-HAP with higher and reproducible yield compared with BF3·Et2O and ZnCl2. Benzoylation of o-HAP followed by Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement of the ester product using KOH in dried pyridine produced β-diketone 1-(2- hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropane-1,3-dione. The yield of ester and β-diketone were 71% and 85%, respectively. Finally, oxidative cyclization of β-diketone with sulphuric acid as catalyst produced 99% of flavone. The flavone product had been characterized spectroscopically and its melting point as well.
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