Judul: Perencanaan Jalur Interpretasi Anggrek di Hutan Wisata Taman Eden, Toba Samosir
Abstrak: This study aimed to develop a general plan of orchids interpretive trail at Eden Park Tourism Forest (EPTF). Data was collected through literature review, interviews, distribution of questionnaires, and field observations. Inventory of the region showed that orchid plants were easily found in all four observation trails, with a total of 51 species from 29 genera. Visitors of EPTF was dominated by male visitors (63%) with majority of age group of 20-30 years (48%). Most visitors (64%) preferred trail 1 as interpretive trail for orchids. Trail 1 was then chosen as the trail to be developed into interpretive trail based on its characteristics suitability for such trails, its orcgids potentials, and visitors preference toward the trail. Planning of interpretive trail included program planning, and supporting facilities planning. The programs were developed under the following themes: Paphiopedilum tonsum orchid is very rare species, so it must be protected for its existence and cultivation is one of the activity for orchid plant preservation.
Keyword: visitor, orchids, interpretive trail, forest, Eden Park Tourism Forest

Judul: Perencanaan Jalur Interpretasi Kawasan Hutan Pendidikan Gunung Walat Sukabumi, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Gunung Walat Education Forest (GWEF) is a forest area which have potential objects and trails can be developed as interpretation trail. The aims were to identify potential interpretation objects and condition at eight trails in GWEF, to identify visitor’s preferences, and planned the landscape interpretation trail of GWEF. Data analyzed using the criteria tool analysis developed by Veverka (1998), scoring, and descriptive. The result is that on eight trails consist of 24 plant objects, 19 animal objects, five physical objects, a historical and ancient site object. Plant object become main visitor’s preference amount 40%. There ware eight interpretation trail which consist of three classification are as follow high potential (two trails), medium potential (one trail), low potential (five trails).
Keyword: Interpretation trail., Gunung Walat Educational Forest (GWEF)

Judul: Karakteristik Carboxymethyl Chitosan Dengan Variasi Konsentrasi NaOH
Abstrak: Carboxymethyl chitosan is chitosan derivative product obtained from chemical modification. CMCh were made by alkalization process and carboxymethylation process. Factors that affect CMCh characteristics were excess sodium hydroxide in alkalization process, ratio between chitosan and monochloroacetic acid, and carboxymethylation temperature. The objectives of this research were to study the NaOH effect to CMCh characteristics, to learn process of making CMCh, to set the proper concentration of NaOH, and to analyze CMCh characteristics. CMCh yields were 110.72%-114.22%. CMCh pH value were 3.74-4.31. The optimum NaOH concentration to obtain the best CHCh was 10 M. Percentage of CMCh moisture content was 10.70%-11.42%. Ash content and nitrogen content of CMCh were 0.49%-0.50% and 4.52%-4.81%. CMCh viscousity was 8.25 cps. Percentage of CMCh solubility was 61.61%-91.50%. The different functional groups from chitosan which observed in CMCh were C=O group, CH group from alkene functional group, C−O group, and C−O−C group.
Keyword: solubility., functional group, CMCh characteristics, chitosan, carboxymethyl chitosan