Judul: Profil Toksisitas Limbah Kerak Kilang Minyak (Green Coke) terhadap Mencit (Mus Musculus)
Abstrak: Green coke are waste resulting from oil refinement industry wich has potency as enviromental contaminant and presumed has toxic characteristic.. The aim of this research were to examine the potency of green coke as toxic and harmful waste, to determine LD50 value, and to observe the effect of green coke on body weight and reproductive system on mice as testing animal for this research. There were two kind of green coke sample. Sample 2459 collected from carrier truck and sample 2460 collected from the ship . We use LD50 assay method from OECD (2003), reproductive assay based on Watanabe (1991) and US EPA(1992) method to determine total concentration of heavy metal. Resulting data showed that green coke has no potency as toxic and harmful waste. The LD50 could not be determined because toxicity test showed that on dosage more than 5000 mg/kg body weight, there were no incident of mortality on mice. But then with UK formula method, we were able to estimated the value of LD50, in wich for green coke sample 2459 is 349.36 g/kg body weight and 3334.38 g/kg body weight for sample 2460. In general, for acute and subchronic toxicity test, there were tendency of weight decreasing in mice, along with the increasing of green coke dosage. In observation of green coke effect on reproductive systems, there were tendency that female mice administered with green coke on dose 2000 mg/kg body weight until the baby born, has delayed in birth. Also the birthweight of the baby was lower than control mice and statistically the difference is significant (P<0.05). Observation on the weight of liver, kidney and spleen, showed no difference compared to control mice. Observation on liver and kidney histopathology showed slight alteration on histology of those organs. Based on the resulting data, we concluded that green coke could be classified as non toxic and harmless substance within 30 day toxicity test observation.
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Judul: Histopathological Description of the Liver and Kidney of Mice (Mus musculus) in the Acute Toxicity Test of Mangkokan Leaf  (Nothopanax scutellarium Merr.)
Abstrak: Uji toksisitas merupakan salah satu pengujian yang dilakukan untuk menilai keamanan suatu senyawa kimia. Uji toksisitas akut ini dilakukan untuk menentukan nilai toksisitas akut ekstrak daun mangkokan (Nothopanax scutellarium Merr.) dengan metode Thompson dan Weil serta mendeskripsikan gambaran histopatologi organ hati dan ginjal pada mencit. Penelitian ini menggunakan hewan coba sebanyak 16 ekor mencit dan dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok perlakuan diberi suspensi sediaan uji ekstrak daun mangkokan dengan dosis bertingkat sebanyak 3, 6, 12, 24 g/kg bobot badan (BB). Pemberian ekstrak dilakukan secara oral menggunakan sonde lambung dan diberikan dalam dosis tunggal. Mortalitas dan gejala klinis diamati pada 24 jam pertama setelah perlakuan dan dilanjutkan pengamatan selama 6 hari berikutnya. Pengamatan histopatologi dilakukan dengan mengambil organ hati dan ginjal mencit setelah dilakukannya nekropsi. Bobot badan, bobot hati dan ginjal ditimbang dan dianalisis secara statistik dengan one way ANOVA, sedangkan hasil pengamatan histopatologi disajikan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat mencit yang mengalami gejala klinis dan kematian setelah diberikan ekstrak daun mangkokan hingga dosis 24 g/kg BB. Bobot badan dan bobot organ mencit tidak berbeda nyata (p>0.05) antar perlakuan. Pengamatan histopatologi tidak menunjukkan adanya perubahan atau kelainan pada organ hati dan ginjal., Toxicity assay is one of the tests performed to assess the safety of a chemical compound. This acute toxicity test was carried out to determine the acute toxicity value of mangkokan leaf extract (Nothopanax scutellarium Merr.) using the Thompson and Weil method and to describe the histopathological features of the liver and kidneys in mice. This study used 16 mice as experimental animals and divided them into four treatment groups. The treatment group was given a suspension of the mangkokan leaf extract test preparation with graded doses of 3, 6, 12, and 24 g/kg body weight (BB). The extract is administered orally using a gastric tube and given in a single dose. Mortality and clinical symptoms were observed in the first 24 hours after treatment and continued observation for the next six days. For the histopathological assay made by taking the liver and kidneys of mice after necropsy. Body weight, liver, and kidney weights were weighed and statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA, while the results of the histopathological assay were presented descriptively. The results showed no mice with clinical symptoms and death after being given mangkokan leaf extract up to 24 g/kg BW dose. The body and organ weight of mice were not significantly different (p>0.05) between treatments. The histopathological assay showed not any changes or abnormalities in the liver and kidneys.
Keyword: histopatologi, Nothopanax scutellarium Merr., uji toksisitas akut

Judul: Peranan Pesantren dalam Pembangunan Pedesaan
Abstrak: Pesantren (pondok atau pondok pesantren) adalah suatu lembaga pendidikan keagamaan Islam yang pada umumnya tumbuh di kalangan masyarakat pedesaan. Pertumbuhannya merupakan hasil refleksi pimpinan pesantren dan masyarakat terhadap kebutuhan masyarakat sekitar. Disamping sebagai lembaga pendidikan keagamaan, diharapkan pesantren dapat berperan sebagai lembaga sosial kemasyarakatan yang dapat membantu pemerintah dalam menyebar luaskan inovasi pembangunan kepada masyarakat, dan menggerakkan masyarakat agar berperan serta dalam pembangunan.
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