Judul: Vegetative Propagation of Hydrangea anomala subsp. petiolaris in FNK Youngplants BV, The Netherlands
Abstrak: Cultivar production through the vegetative propagation by cuttings is one of important activity in advanced ornamental plant production. The product of this activity in floriculture is well-known as baby plant. Internship activities of baby plant production aim to gain experience and skill both in technical and managerial in abilities in an agricultural enterprise. While the specific aim of the internship is to study the process of baby plant production including the whole activity of the preparation of cuttings, planting, induction of roots and shoot, hardening, sorting, and loading. The study focus in this internship is the effect of different source of cuttings on percentage of living plants; time to induce callus, root, and shoots; induced callus, root, and shoots number; root length and; increment of shoot number. The result showed that both top cuttings and internode cuttings can be used as vegetative propagation of Hydrangea anomala subsp. petiolaris. Average time to induce of callus, root, and shoots were respectively 17, 16.8, and 26.2 days on top cuttings and 11.7, 20.2, and 18 days on internode cuttings. Generally, the company shows a good production process that is represented by 95.9% of proper plant that meet the criteria to be marketed.
Keyword: propagation, baby plant, stem cuttings, root, shoots

Judul: Manajemen Produksi dan Pascapanen Daun Potong Asparagus  umbellatus Link, Philodendron xanadu Croat, Mayo & J.Boos, dan Phlebodium aureum (L.) J. Sm. di Kwekerij Figaro B.V., Naaldwijk, Belanda Selatan
Abstrak: Kegiatan magang dilaksanakan di Kwekerij Figaro selama empat bulan, mulai 1 Maret hingga 31 Juni 2023. Kegiatan magang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan mahasiswa secara teknis dan manajerial khususnya dalam budidaya, penanganan panen dan pascapanen daun potong Asparagus umbellatus, Philodendron xanadu, dan Phlebodium aureum yang terdapat di Kwekerij Figaro. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan magang adalah metode langsung dengan melakukan pengamatan secara langsung di lapang serta mengikuti semua kegiatan teknis budidaya tanaman hias daun mulai dari penanaman sampai pascapanen. Metode tidak langsung dilakukan dengan mempelajari data sekunder, berupa arsip perusahaan, laporan perusahaan dan studi psustaka. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan magang diketahui bahwa tanaman hias daun dibudidayakan di dalam greenhouse agar dapat disesuaikan dengan suhu optimal dan kondisi pertumbuhan untuk tanaman. Total luas lahan greenhouse perusahaan seluas 21.200 m², dengan pembagian area produksi Asparagus umbellatus seluas 8.800 m² (41,5%) dapat memproduksi hingga sebanyak 86.650 tangkai dalam periode 1 bulan, Philodendron xanadu sebesar 1920 m² dapat memproduksi hingga sebanyak 50.480 tangkai dalam periode 1 bulan, dan Phlebodium aureum sebesar 480 m² dapat memproduksi hingga sebanyak 12.200 tangkai dalam periode 1 bulan. Setelah panen, daun potong disimpan dalam cooling room pada suhu 12℃. Kualitas daun potong yang dihasilkan oleh Kwekerij Figaro serta rantai pemasaran yang baik membuat 99,40% produksi dapat dipasarkan. Setelah mengikuti kegiatan magang ini, mahasiswa mendapat keterampilan teknik budidaya, panen dan pasca panen khususnya penentuan kriteria panen, pembuatan buket Asparagus umbellatus dan alur produksi ketiga spesies daun potong., The internship was conducted at Kwekerij Figaro for four months, from March 1 to June 31, 2023. The internship aimed to improve students' knowledge and skills technically and managerially, especially in cultivation, harvest handling and postharvest of cut foliage of Asparagus umbellatus, Philodendron xanadu, and Phlebodium aureum at Kwekerij Figaro. The method used in internship activities was direct method by making direct observations in the field and following all technical activities of leaf ornamental crop cultivation from planting to postharvest. The indirect method is carried out by studying secondary data, in the form of company archives, company reports, and literature studies. Based on the results of internship activities, it is known that ornamental plants are cultivated in the greenhouse to provide optimal temperature and growing condition for the crops. The total area of the company's greenhouse is 21.200 m², with the division of Asparagus umbellatus production area of 8.800 m² (41,5%) can produce up to 86.650 stems, Philodendron xanadu of 1.920 m² can produce up to 50.480 stems, and Phlebodium aureum of 480 m² can produce up to 12.200 stems, all in a period of 1 month. After harvesting, cut leaves are stored in a cooling room at 12°C. The good quality of cut leaves produced by Kwekerij Figaro and a good marketing chain make 99,40% of production marketable. After participating in this internship, students obtained skills in cultivation, harvesting and post-harvest techniques, specifically in determining harvesting criterias, Asparagus umbellatus bouquet making and production flows of the three species of cut foliage.
Keyword: cut foliage, leaf ornamental crop, greenhouse, production

Judul: Invers Drazin dari Matriks Toeplitz Singular
Abstrak: Matriks Toeplitz adalah matriks yang setiap unsur pada diagonal utama bernilai sama dan setiap unsur pada subdiagonal yang bersesuaian dengan diagonal utama juga bernilai sama. Matriks singular adalah matriks yang tidak bisa ditentukan inversnya. Akan tetapi, dapat diupayakan untuk ditentukan inversnya menggunakan invers matriks yang diperumum. Invers Drazin merupakan salah satu jenis invers matriks yang diperumum. Pada karya ilmiah ini ditentukan invers Drazin dari matriks Toeplitz singular dengan menggunakan metode Leverrier Faddeev. Kemudian, ditentukan invers Drazin dari matriks Toeplitz singular yang direpresentasikan sebagai penjumlahan segitiga bawah dan segitiga atas matriks Toeplitz berdasar pada teorema Gohberg dan Semencul., Toeplitz matrix is a matrix in with element on the main diagonal has the same value and on the subdiagonal corresponding to the main diagonal also has the same value. Singular matrix is a matrix that has no inverse. However, it can be attempted to determine the inverse using a generalized inverse matrix. Inverse Drazin is a type of generalized matrix inverse. This paper discussed the inverse Drazin for a singular Toeplitz matrix using the Leverrier Faddeev method. Then, the Drazin inverse of the singular Toeplitz matrix which is represented as a sum of products of lower and upper triangular Toeplitz matrix based on Gohberg and Semencul theorem.
Keyword: inverse Drazine, singular Toeplitz matrix