Judul: Penentuan kinetika urikase dari sel Bacillus subtilis, B. megaterium, dan B. cereus
Abstrak: Uric acid concentration could be determined based on the oxidation of uric acid into alantoin with the presence of uricase. Determination is needed to diagnose the occurrence of kidney disease in gout patients. This research used uricase cells derived from Bacillus subtilis, B. megaterium, and B. cereus to study their kinetics using spectrophotometry method to measures the decrease of uric acid absorbance at 293 nm. The optimum conditions of uricase activity from the three bacterial cells occured in physiological conditions and uricase activity was stable until the second day. The values of maximum velocity (Vmax) for B. subtilis, B. megaterium, and B. cereus were 0.0853, 0.0824, and 0.0412 mM/min, respectively. The values of Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) for B. subtilis, B. megaterium and B. cereus were 0.0029, 0.0036, and 0.0036 mM, respectively. The value of catalytic constant (kkat) for B. subtilis, B. megaterium, and B. cereus were 266.4109, 171.6797, and 257.6257 mM/min mL OD=1, respectively. Based on these results that the most powerful bacteria bind the substrate was B. subtilis with the least Km value, and the highest Vmax and kkat.
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Judul: Uricase activity and kinetics of various cells of Lactobacillus plantarum
Abstrak: Uric acid concentration could be determined by spectrophotometry method. Uric acid was oxidized into allatonin in the presence of uricase and calculated by measuring the decrease of uric acid absorbance at 293 nm. These uricase were obtained from cells of Lactobacillus plantarum. L. plantarum K. Mar. E was isolated from passion fruit skin and L. plantarum Mgs. Psmb and Mgs. Bst from mangosteen. This research was conducted to observe the activity and kinetics of uricase from various cells of L. plantarum by spectrophotometric method. The plate assay method indicated that L. plantarum produced uricase, based on the clear zone about 0,2 mm on glucose yeast peptone medium contained 0,2% uric acid. The optimum condition of uricase activity from the three different sources occured in physiological condition. Uricase activity generated from cells of L. plantarum K. Mar. E, Mgs. Psmb, and Mgs. Bst were 0,1073; 0,0867; and 0,0842 U/mL, respectively. The kinetic parameters for uricase, determined with uric acid as the substrate. Vmax produced by L. plantarum K. Mar. E, Mgs. Psmb, and Mgs. Bst were 1,3635; 0,0316; and 0,0418 U/mL of bacterial culture, respectively and KM 0,1541; 0,0061; and 0,0054 mM, respectively. Uricase activity in various bacterial cells of L. plantarum was stable until the second day.
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Judul: Perancangan lanskap resor di Hangzau Xixi Tourist Resort Hotel Group China
Abstrak: Resor merupakan salah satu sarana pendukung untuk memenuhi kebutuhan rekreasi. Lanskap resor merupakan hal yang penting untuk dipelajari guna menciptakan sebuah resor yang dapat memenuhi kepuasan rekreasi manusia, mengingat resor adalah objek wisata yang memaksimalkan potensi lanskap. Cina merupakan salah satu negara tujuan wisata yang sangat terkenal dengan objek dan atraksi kebudayaan dan filosofinya. Keunikan budaya tradisional Cina dan juga didukung oleh panoramanya yang indah menjadi nilai jual pariwisata yang tinggi bagi negara ini. Salah satu wilayah di Cina, tepatnya di Xixi, Hangzhou, provinsi Zhejiang yang merupakan wilayah wetland menjadi tujuan untuk pembangunan resor.
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