Judul: Systematic Review Effect of Raw Materials and Extraction Methods on Collagen Characteristics of Fish and Sea Cucumbers
Abstrak: Kolagen merupakan jenis protein struktural yang tersusun dari asam-asam amino seperti prolin, hidroksiprolin, alanin dan glisin. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk membandingkan pengaruh bahan baku dan metode ekstraksi terhadap karakteristik kolagen ikan dan teripang dari berbagai sumber literatur. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan teknik Systematic Literature Review terhadap penelitian kolagen dari hasil perairan pada tahun 2009 sampai 2020. Penelitian dibagi menjadi beberapa tahapan yaitu identifikasi pertanyaan, pengembangan protokol, menetapkan lokasi data base, seleksi hasil dan pemilihan penilitian, ekstraksi dan sintesis hasil, serta penyajian hasil penelitian. Hasil review menunjukkan rendemen kolagen terbaik pada literatur bahan baku teripang dan kulit ikan metode enzimatis 23.90% dan 16.31%, gelembung renang dan sisik ikan metode hidroekstraksi 21.34% dan 10.16%. Asam amino glisin tertinggi pada sisik ikan hidroekstraksi 38.45%, asam amino prolin kulit ikan larut asam 12.78%. Kolagen pada literatur menunjukkan ikan dan teripang memiliki gugus fungsi pada puncak serapan amida A, amida B, amida I, amida II, dan amida III.
Keyword: amino acid, functional group, yield

Judul: Ekstraksi dan Karakterisasi Kolagen dari Kulit Ikan Tongkol (Euthynnus affinis)
Abstrak: Collagen is the most abundant protein in the living body and comprising approximately 30% of the total protein content. Utilization of waste from the skin of eastern little tuna to produce collagen is one alternative to increase the economic value of its waste. Pretreatment process in extracting collagen affects the quality of collagen that obtained. The different concentration of NaOH (0.05; 0.1; and 0.2 M) and soaking time (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 hours) were used as the pretreatment step. The best result of pretreatment was obtained from soaking the skin in a solution of 0.05 M NaOH for 12 hours with the lowest of soluble non-collagen protein concentration was 0.140 mg/mL. The yield and pH of the best collagen were 7.459% and 5.29, respectively. The highest solubility of collagen was 90.80% at pH 3. Amino acid analysis showed that the collagen has a glycine, proline, arginine, and alanine were dominant. FTIR analysis showed the major absorption bands of amide A, B, I, II, and III were at wavenumber 3395 cm-1, 2929 cm-1, 1652 cm-1, 1543 cm-1, and 1237 cm-1, respectively.
Keyword: amino acid, collagen, eastern little tuna, FTIR, yield

Judul: Utilization of terra/MODIS L1B data for analysis of horizontal wind profile in the troposphere
Abstrak: This study was concerned with horizontal wind derived from data collected with the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on board the NASA’s Earth Observation System (EOS)-Terra satellite. The aim of this study is to develop a method for the estimation of horizontal wind movement in the troposphere based on Navier-Stokes equation. The method was applied to a calibrated and geolocated Terra/MODIS L1B 1 km data set. The data inputs to estimate surface temperature are retrieved from TIR (Thermal Infrared) bands 31 (10.780 μm to 11.280 μm) and 32 (11.770 μm to 12.270 μm). The obtained surface temperatures were later used to approximate geopotential height on a constant-pressure surface by using the modified Poisson equation. The main assumptions used are the hydrostatic equilibrium, ideal gas law, constant lapse rate and constant acceleration of gravity. Based on the distribution of geopotential height, the pressure gradient force is measured by the gradient of geopotential on an isobaric coordinate to present the horizontal wind profile. For certain topographic areas especially in the mountain ranges, there was a disadvantage of using pressure as a vertical coordinate which lead to inaccuracy. In spite of that, Terra/MODIS L1B data with 1 km spatial resolution can be used to estimate the horizontal wind movement in the troposphere.
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