Judul: Marketing Value Chain of Non-Timber Forest Products in Private Forests of Karacak Village Bogor Regency
Abstrak: Salah satu isu penting dalam pengelolaan hutan rakyat di Kabupaten Bogor adalah lemahnya posisi tawar para petani hutan rakyat dalam hal pemasaran. Identifikasi rantai nilai pemasaran penting dilakukan dengan menganalisis margin keuntungan dan farmer’s share dari setiap rantai pemasaran, sehingga bisa digunakan sebagai salah satu referensi dalam menemukan strategi pemasaran yang efisien. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode snowball sampling dengan megikuti alur pemasaran hasil hutan bukan kayu melalui instrumen wawancara kepada pelaku pemasaran yang terlibat. Desa Karacak di Kabupaten Bogor dengan potensi hutan rakyat yang besar memiliki komoditas unggulan berupa manggis, durian, dan duku. Pelaku pemasaran tersebut adalah petani, pedagang pengumpul, pedagang ecer, dan eksportir. Komoditi manggis terdiri dari tiga saluran dengan urutan perolehan keuntungan tertinggi untuk manggis kualitas super adalah: 1) eksportir (35,67%); 2) pedagang pengumpul (32,38%); 3) petani (31,95%), dan untuk manggis kualitas lokal adalah: 1) pedagang ecer (60,67%); 2) petani (39,33%). Sementara komoditi durian dan duku hanya terdiri dari dua saluran pemasaran. Urutan perolehan keuntungan tertinggi untuk komoditi durian adalah: 1) petani (69,70%); 2) pedagang ecer (30,30%), sedangkan pada komoditi duku adalah: 1) pedagang ecer (56,76%); 2) petani (43,24%)., One important issue in the management of private forests in Bogor Regency is the weak bargaining position of private forest farmers in terms of marketing. Identifying the marketing value chain is crucial by analyzing profit margins and the farmer’s share in each marketing chain to provide a reerence for developing efficient marketing strategies. This study uses a snowball sampling method, following the marketing flow of non-timber forest products through interviews with the marketing actors involved. Karacak Village in Bogor Regency, with its large potential for privat forests, has leading commodities such as mangosteen, durian, and langsat. The marketing actors include farmers, collectors, retailers, and exporters. Mangosteen commodities consist of three channels, with the highest profit acquisition order for super-quality mangosteen being: 1) exporters (35.67%); 2) collectors (32.38%); 3) farmers (31.95%), and for local-quality mangosteen: 1) retailers (60.67%); 2) farmers (39.33%). Meanwhile, durian and langsat commodities only have two marketing channels. The highest profit acquisition order for durian commodities is: 1) farmers (69.70%); 2) retailers (30.30%), while for langsat commodities: 1) retailers (56.76%); 2) farmers (43.24%).
Keyword: value chain, marketing margin, marketing efficiency, farmer's share

Judul: Analisis Efisiesi Tataniaga Komoditas Manggis: Studi Kasus Di Desa Kacarak, Kecamatan Leuwiliang, Bogor
Abstrak: Mangosteen is a tropical fruit with high economic value. Its high potencial for trading require a good and efficient marketing. Bogor is placed in the second of the biggest mangosteen centers of West Java after Tasikmalaya. It has high potency in mangosteen production, especially in Karacak village, sub district of Leuwiliang. The weak of farmers' bargaining position made the selling price in farmer level become low. Unfair margin and share distribution made the bargaining position of the farmer became worsen. The high selling price both in the domestic and overseas supposed to increase the farmers profits, however the major benefit only gained by marketing institutions. Based on the research, the marketing of mangosteen in Karacak Village was inefficient.The market structure was formed into the structure that leads to imperfectly competitive markets. There were five marketing forms of mangosteen in Karacak village. Market conduct was shown by selling and purchasing practice with the deal between actors of marketing system, price formation from bargaining that tend to set into higher level by the marketing institutions. Based on the analysis of marketing margins, the farmer's share, and the ratio of benefits and costs shown that an efficient marketing mangosteen for export purposes can use the third marketing channels while domestic marketing can use the fifth channel.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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