Judul: Hubungan antara Sanitasi Tempat Pemotongan Hewan Qurban dengan Cemaran Mikroba pada Daging Kambing Di Kotamadya Jakarta Timur.
Abstrak: At Idul Adha, moslem people slaughtering their animals not only in the slaughterhouse but also around mosque, office yard, fields nearby the houses. Meat is categorized as a pottentially hazardous food, because its high water activity (aw > 0.85), pH neutral, vitamin B and mineral aspecially Ferrous, also as main source of protein which is advantageous for microbes growth and categorized meat as a perishable food. Measuring total amount of aerobic microbes (TPC), Coliform, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella were observed to evaluate the sanitation of animal qurban in East Jakarta. Result obtained that Salmonella was not detected in all meat samples. Good sanitation was observed before slaughtering (81.3%), during slaughtering (21.3%) and after slaughtering (37.5%). Percentage of microbes contamination above Standard SNI 01-6366-2000 of microbes are TPC 73.8% (5.5 x 106 cfu/g), coliform 73.8% (1.1 x 103 MPN/g), E. coli 41.3% (4.1 x 102 MPN/g) and S. aureus 37.5% (2.7 x 103 cfu/g). Relation between doing sanitation before, during and after slaughtering didn’t show a significant relation with coliform and Staphylococcus aureus (P>0.05). There is a significant relation after slaughtering between Eschechia coli and sanitation (P < 0.05) and doing separation meat with viscera, and packing meat together with viscera.
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Judul: Kondisi Sanitasi Peralatan dan Tempat Pemotongan serta Tingkat Kontaminasi Mikrob dalam Daging Kurban di DKI Jakarta
Abstrak: The research was conducted to observe the sanitation of the equipments and locations of the sacrificial animal’s slaughter, microbial impurities rates in meat, and relation between sanitation practices of equipments and slaughtering location to microbial impurities rates in meat. Respondens were taken from 46 slaughtering locations in DKI Jakarta. Chi-square test was used to know the relation between sanitation practices of equipments and slaughtering location to microbial impurities rates in meat. They were 65.2% (30/46) location of sacrificial animal slaughter in Jakarta that had good equipment sanitation, but only 41.3% (19/46) locations with good location sanitation. The number of meat samples with total number of total microorganism below the SNI border in 2011 was 94% (204/217), meanwhile in 2012 the number was 96.25% (231/240). The number of meat samples with total E. coli below the SNI border in year 2011 was 95.4% (207/217), meanwhile in 2012 the number was 97.92% (235/240). The result showed there was a significant correlation between handling animal after slaughtering with the presence of E. coli in meat (P value < 0.05). It was concluded that handling animal after slaughtering by hanging could decrease the contamination of E. coli.
Keyword: sanitation, sacrifice animal, number of total microorganism, meat, Escherichia coli

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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