Judul: Pancreatic Lipase Inhibition and Antioxidant Activity of Kelor Leaf (Moringa oleifera) as Antiobesity in Vitro
Abstrak: Daun kelor berpotensi sebagai antiobesitas, tetapi belum diketahui metabolit yang terlibat sehingga identifikasi senyawa diperlukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan fraksi terbaik, menganalisis fitokimia, aktivitas antioksidan dan inhibisi enzim lipase, serta membandingkan korelasi antara semua perlakuan. Daun kelor disonikasi dengan etanol 70%, lalu difraksinasi bertingkat menggunakan n heksana, kloroform, etil asetat, dan akuades. Total phenolic content (TPC) dan total flavonoid content (TFC) diukur secara kolorimetri dengan Folin-ciocalteu dan alumunium klorida. Aktivitas antioksidan diukur menggunakan metode DPPH dan FRAP. Inhibisi lipase pankreas diukur secara enzimatis dengan p-nitrophenyl glucopyranoside. Hasil TPC, TFC, DPPH, dan FRAP tertinggi berturut-turut dimiliki oleh ekstrak akuades (138,88 ± 4,42 mg GAE/g ekstrak), etil asetat (113,31 ± 2,02 mg QE/g ekstrak), etanol 70% (112,49 ± 0,33 mg GAE/g ekstrak), dan akuades (1263,57 ± 0,04 mg TE/g ekstrak). Nilai IC50 paling rendah yaitu ekstrak akuades 545,87 ppm. Dengan demikian, ekstrak akuades berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai obat herbal antiobesitas., Kelor leaves have potential as an anti-obesity agent, but the metabolites aren’t yet known so compound identification is necessary. This research aimed to determine the best fraction, analyze phytochemicals, antioxidant and lipase enzyme inhibition activity, and compare the correlation between all treatments. Kelor leaves were sonicated with 70% ethanol and then fractionated using n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and distilled water. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were measured colorimetrically with Folin-ciocalteu and aluminum chloride. Antioxidant activity was measured using the DPPH and FRAP methods. Pancreatic lipase inhibition was measured enzymatically with the p-nitrophenyl glucopyranoside. The highest TPC, TFC, DPPH, and FRAP results were respectively obtained by distilled water (138.88 ± 4.42 mg GAE/g extract), ethyl acetate (113.31 ± 2.02 mg QE/g extract), ethanol 70% (112.49 ± 0.33 mg GAE/g extract), and distilled water (1263.57 ± 0.04 mg TE/g extract). The lowest IC50 value was distilled water 545.87 ppm. Thus, distilled water extract has the potential to be developed as an anti-obesity herbal medicine.
Keyword: Antioxidants, Inhibition, Kelor leaves, Pancreatic lipase, Phytochemicals

Judul: Identification of Bioactive Compounds of Moringa oleifera Leaves and Its Potential as Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitor In Silico
Abstrak: Obesitas merupakan penyakit kronis multifaktoral yang berbahaya bagi kesehatan karena memiliki komplikasi terhadap penyakit-penyakit degeneratif sehingga perlu dilakukan langkah pengobatan yang tepat untuk menanggulangi kasus obesitas. Sebuah obat antiobesitas orlistat yang disetujui FDA merupakan inhibitor ireversibel lipase pankreas yang masih memiliki efek samping gastrointestinal. Oleh karena itu, penelitian terhadap senyawa antiobesitas alami diperlukan. Kelor mengandung banyak senyawa alami dan berpotensi sebagai antiobesitas. Penelitian bertujuan mengidentifikasi senyawa aktif dalam ekstrak etanol kelor (Moringa oleifera) dan menentukan senyawa yang berpotensi menginhibisi aktivitas enzim lipase pankreas secara in silico. Metode LC MS/MS-QToF digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi senyawa aktif, dilanjutkan dengan penambatan molekuler secara penapisan virtual dengan aplikasi YASARA Structure. Sebanyak 18 senyawa aktif dari golongan flavonoid, fenolik, dan saponin berhasil diidentifikasi berdasarkan hasil analisis LC MS/MS-QTOF dari ekstrak etanol 70% kelor. Senyawa aktif kelor hasil LC MS dan 72 senyawa hasil studi literatur digunakan sebagi ligan uji dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada sebanyak 32 dari 90 ligan uji berpotensi sebagai inhibitor lipase pankreas. Kaemferol, apigenin, dan luteolin merupakan tiga senyawa terbaik yang berpotensi sebagai inhibitor lipase pankreas., Obesity is a chronic multifactorial disease that is dangerous to health because it has complications for degenerative diseases, Therefore, an appropriate treatment step requires to be taken to overcome obesity cases. An FDA-approved anti-obesity drug, orlistat, is an irreversible inhibitor of pancreatic lipase that still has gastrointestinal side effects. Thus, research on natural anti-obesity compounds is needed. Moringa contains a lot of natural compounds and has potential as anti-obesity. This research aims to identify the bioactive compounds in the ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera and determine the potential inhibitor of pancreatic lipase in silico. The LC MS/MS-QTOF method was used to identify the bioactive compound, followed by molecular docking based on virtual screening using the YASARA Structure. Out of 18 active compounds were identified based on the flavonoid, phenolic, and saponin results of the LC MS/MS-QTOF from M. oleifera ethanol 70% extract. All identified Moringa bioactive compounds from LC MS and 72 bioactive compounds from literature were used as experimental ligands in this study. The results showed that 32 out of 90 ligands have potential as pancreatic lipase inhibitor. Kaemferol, apigenin, and luteolin are the most potential of pancreatic lipase inhibitor.
Keyword: antiobesitas, inhibitor lipase pankreas, in silico, Moringa oleifera

Judul: Implementation of Spatio-Temporal Change Query in Relational Database.
Abstrak: Geographic object changes in various views. Object changes are recorded using a model of static storage. No historical connection between old version data and new version data has been built. For that, a storage model of spatio-temporal queries that can analyze spatio-temporal changes has been developed. The object changes the geometry are grouped according to the taxonomy of Spatio-Temporal Pattern Change. This research has been able to apply the query patterns change including born, expand, merge, contract, split, normal and die. This query based on geometric (area) changes. The implementation of spatio-temporal change queries represents an object changes continuously with easy, change detection is done by comparing two versions of data. Keyword: spatio-temporal change query, spatio-temporal change pattern.
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