Judul: Institutional Analysis of Watershed Management of Jeneberang River, Sulawesi Selatan Province
Abstrak: Kritisnya DAS di Indonesia sudah berlangsung sejak lama. Berbagai upaya penanganan telah dilakukan, termasuk pengklasifikasian ke dalam DAS prioritas. Meski begitu, kondisi tersebut masih berlangsung hingga saat ini, termasuk pada DAS Jeneberang di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan, yang masuk ke dalam 15 DAS Prioritas Nasional untuk dipulihkan daya dukungnya. Pendekatan struktura berupa kegiatan fisik terbukti belum menjadi solusi, sehingga diperlukan kegiatan nonstruktural seperti penguatan kelembagaan untuk keberhasilan pengelolaan DAS. Melalui kerangka pengembangan kelembagaan (IAD Framework), dilakukan analisis terhadap variabel eksogen berupa kondisi biofisik, atribut masyarakat, dan aturan yang berlaku, serta situasi aksi dan arena aksi kelembagaan pengelolaan DAS. Hasilnya, didapatkan tutupan hutan di DAS Jeneberang tersisa 19,28% dan lahan kritis seluas 54.964,04 hektare. Tingginya tekanan penduduk, lemahnya penegakan aturan, dan kurangnya koordinasi menyebabkan tidak adanya tindakan besama untuk mencapai konsensus dalam pengelolaan DAS.
Keyword: DAS, IAD, koordinasi, kelembagaan, tutupan lahan, coordination, IAD Framework, land-cover, watershed

Judul: Kajian berbagai alternatif perencanaan pengelolaan DAS Cisadane menggunakan model SWAT
Abstrak: Pengelolaan DAS di Indonesia dimulai tahun 70-an yang diimplementasikan dalam bentuk proyek reboisasi - penghijauan dan rehabilitasi hutan - lahan kritis. Proyek pengelolaan DAS pertama kali, tahun 1973 berupa Proyek Solo Upper Watershed Management and Upland Development di DAS Bengawan Solo bantauan FAO/UNDP. Proyek pengelolaan DAS yang sedang gencar dilaksanakan akhir-akhir ini oleh pemerintah sejak tahun 2003 di bawah Departemen Kehutanan adalah Gerakan Nasional Rehabilitasi Hutan dan Lahan (GN RHL). Pada kenyataannya, kondisi DAS di Indonesia semakin rusak berdasarkan jumlah DAS proritas yang semakin bertambah dari tahun ke tahun. Tahun 1984 berdasarkan Surat Keputusan bersama Menteri Dalam Negeri, Menteri Kehutanan dan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum No : 19 tahun 1984 – No: 059/Kpts-II/1984 – No : 124/Kpts/1984 tanggal 4 April 1984 tentang penanganan konservasi tanah dalam rangka pengamanan DAS prioritas, dari 458 DAS yang ada di Indonesia terdapat 20 DAS super prioritas (prioritas I) menjadi 37 tahun1992. Pada tahun 1999, berdasarkan SK Menhut No. 284/Kpts-II/99 tanggal 9 Mei 1999 tentang penetapan urutan prioritas DAS, jumlah DAS prioritas I meningkat menjadi 60 DAS .
Keyword: Perencanaan Pengelolaan, Model SWAT, Daerah Aliran Sungai, Rehabilitasi Hutan dan Lahan, penanganan konservasi tanah

Judul: Kloning dan Ekspresi Human Interferon-alfa2a pada Yeast Metilotropik Pichia pastoris
Abstrak: Interferon (IFN) is a group of proteins that are secreted by body cells as a result of exposure to biological vertebrates such as: viruses, bacteria, protozoa and other compounds. There are three types of interferon, namely: alpha (α), beta (β) and gamma (γ) IFN. Interferon-α2a belongs to the type I interferon. This protein has a molecular weight of 21.550 kDa and consists of 188 amino acids (23 amino acid of signal peptide and 166 amino acids of mature protein). Interferon-α2a is also known to be used for the treatment of hepatitis C and as anti-tumor and antivirus agents. Regulator gene for IFN production under normal conditions, is in the off position to IFN is not produced. But when there are external stimuli, both viral and bacterial infections, a regulator gene switches on, and IFN production system running. At the time of an attack from a variety of disease agents actually the body will produce IFN, but generally the amount produced is not sufficient to fight the disease agents that multiply very quickly. Therefore IFN intake from outside is needed. This is the beginning of the use of IFN as a drug. Genetic engineering is an activity to manipulate the genes to get new products by creating recombinant DNA through gene insertion. Recombinant DNA technology has been used to produce IFN. Yeast such as Pichia pastoris can be an alternative as the host (system) to express human interferon genes and as a producer of IFN protein. Expression system P. pastoris offers several advantages for the production of recombinant proteins, such as: the high level expression of recombinant proteins, ease of scaling-up fermenter, low cost and ease of transformation techniques and selection of transformed cells such as bacteria . The existence of inducible AOX1 promoter is very strong, easily control the expression of recombinant proteins by induction. AOX1 is a promoter that controls gene expression of alcohol oxidase to metabolize methanol as carbon source of P. pastoris. Therefore,this study aimed to clone human interefron-α2a (hifnα2a) gene in E. coli and express it in metylotrophic yeast P. pastoris. Vector used in this study is pPICZαB (Invitrogen). Ligation process between insert (hifn-α2a gene) and vector (pPICZαB) performed by using T4 DNA ligase, which functions synthesize the formation of phosphodiester bonds linking the nucleotides with nucleotide insert plasmid vectors to produce recombinant (pPICZαB-hifnα2a). This recombinant plasmid transformed into XL1 blue cells (E. coli) by Heat shock method. The results of sequencing analysis (clone 6) using 5'AOX and 3'AOX primers indicate that DNA base sequence of human IFN-α2a genes has been subclone into pPICZαB vector (in frame). Recombinant plasmid (clone 6) linearized using BstX1 enzyme before transformed into X33 yeast cell. Transformation into cell was done by Electroporation. The X33 cell P. pastoris strain was used to express human interferon-α2a. X33 is strains with the phenotype Mut+ (methanol utilization plus) and can be used for positive transformants selection using zeocin. Phase protein production work using Mut+ strain occurred in two phases. The first phase is the use of glycerol to obtain a certain amount of biomass (high cell
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