Judul: Aktivitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sirih Hijau (Piper betle Linn.) dalam Proses Persembuhan Luka Infeksi Staphylococcus aureus pada Tikus
Abstrak: This research was aimed to prove the wound healing activity of Piper betle leaves ethanol extract against Staphylococcus aureus infection in rat skin. Various parameters such as pathology anatomy, netrofil presence, and microscopic observation were studied to evaluate the wound healing activity of Piper betle. Nine rats Sprague Dawley strain were used through our the study and each rat was given four treatments. Treatments were control, commercial ointments, akuadest, and Piper betle leaves ethanol extract. The experiment were given for fourteen days. Each of rats was aseptically wounded with four wounds in 1x1 cm2 square shape at the back of rats. Every wound was spilled by Staphylococcus aureus at 1st, 4th, 7th, and 11th day. All data were analyzed with descriptive semiquantitative method. Scoring results show that the first week of wounds treated with piper betle leaves ethanol extract had shown proliferative phase, while the second week treated with betle leaves extract had shown maturation phase. Wound treated with Piper betle leaves extract were healed better than others in the first week. Bassed on the results, Piper betle leaves extract can be used to heal bacterial wound in the skin
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Judul: Wound Healing in Rats (Rattus norvegicus) with  Snail Mucus (Achatina fulica)
Abstrak: Lendir bekicot (Achatina fulica) memiliki kandungan yang dapat mempercepat penyembuhan luka dan aktivitas antibakteri, sehingga sering digunakan sebagai obat alternatif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis dan membandingkan peran lendir bekicot yang diberi perlakuan stres dan tidak terhadap proses serta kecepatan penyembuhan luka sayat pada tikus putih secara topikal. Penelitian ini menggunakan 24 ekor tikus yang diberi empat luka sayat pada bagian punggung, luka diberi sediaan kontrol (negatif dan positif) dan lendir bekicot (stres/S dan tanpa perlakuan stres/TS) selama tujuh hari. Persentase sisa panjang luka dihitung pada hari ke-3, 5, 7, dilanjutkan pengamatan histopatologi. Metode Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) dilakukan untuk menguji aktivitas antibakteri lendir bekicot. Proses penyembuhan luka dengan lendir TS lebih cepat, ditunjukkan dengan persentase sisa panjang luka pada perlakuan S dan TS masing-masing sebesar 85,84% dan 80,34% (H-3), 75,64% dan 73,89% (H-5), 53,27% dan 52,16% (H-7). Uji MIC menunjukkan lendir S dan TS memberi daya hambat pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa., Snail mucus (Achatina fulica) has ingredients that can accelerate wound healing and antibacterial activity, so it is often used as an alternative medicine. The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare the role of snail mucus treated with stress and not on the process and speed of wound healing in white rats topically. This study used 24 rats that were given four cuts on the back, the wounds were treated with control preparations (negative and positive) and snail mucus (stress/S and no stress/TS treatment) for seven days. The percentage of remaining wound length was calculated on days 3, 5, 7, followed by histopathological observation. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) method was performed to test the antibacterial activity of snail mucus. The wound healing process with TS mucus was faster, indicated by the percentage of remaining wound length in the S and TS treatments of 85.84% and 80.34% (H-3), 75.64% and 73.89% (H-5), 53.27% and 52.16% (H-7), respectively. MIC test showed that S and TS mucus inhibited the growth of bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Keyword: Achatina fulica, aktivitas antibakteri, lendir bekicot, penyembuhan luka

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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