Judul: Effect of Plant Growth Regulator and Explant Size on In Vitro Turmeric Plants (Curcuma domestica Val.)
Abstrak: Kunyit merupakan salah satu tanaman biofarmaka dengan kegunaan dan jumlah permintaan yang banyak di Indonesia. Peningkatan produksi rimpang kunyit melalui kultur jaringan memiliki beberapa keunggulan seperti potensi mendapat bibit yang sehat, hasil dalam jumlah yang banyak serta berkesinambungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT) kinetin dan ukuran eksplan terbaik pada pembiakan in vitro tanaman kunyit. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari 2022 hingga April 2023 di Laboratorium Biologi Molekuler Tanaman 1, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, IPB University, Dramaga, Bogor. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi ZPT kinetin (0,5 ppm, 1 ppm, 1,5 ppm) + NAA 0,1 ppm dan faktor kedua adalah ukuran eksplan (besar dan kecil). Didapat 6 taraf perlakuan yang diulang sebanyak 4 ulangan, dengan tiap satuan percobaan terdapat 3 eksplan yang ditanam masing-masing dalam 1 botol, sehingga didapat total 72 satuan pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ukuran eksplan berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap panjang akar terpanjang dan keberhasilan aklimatisasi, serta interaksi konsentrasi ZPT dan ukuran eksplan berpengaruh nyata terhadap hari muncul akar., Turmeric is a biopharmaceutical plant with many uses and demand in Indonesia. Increasing the production of turmeric rhizomes through tissue culture has several advantages, such as the potential to obtain healthy seeds, produce large quantities, and be sustainable. This research aims to obtain the best concentration of the plant growth regulator (PGR) kinetin and the explant size for in vitro breeding of turmeric plants. The research was conducted from January 2022 to April 2023 at the Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory 1, Agronomy and Horticulture Department, Agriculture Faculty, IPB University, Dramaga, Bogor. The research used a completely randomized factorial design. The first factor is the concentration of kinetin PGR (0.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 1.5 ppm) + NAA 0.1 ppm; the second factor is the explant size (large and small). There were 6 treatment levels, which were repeated in 4 repetitions, with each experimental unit having 3 explants planted in 1 bottle each, so a total of 72 observation units were obtained. The results showed that explant size had a very significant effect on the longest root length and acclimatization success, and the interaction of PGR concentration and explant size had a significant effect on the days of root emergence.
Keyword: Akar, Kinetin, Kultur jaringan, Root, Tissue culture

Judul: The Effect of a Combination of Plant Growth Regulators on In Vitro Shoots of White Turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria)
Abstrak: Temu putih memiliki umur panen sekitar 10 bulan. Perbanyakan temu putih menggunakan rimpang mengalami beberapa kendala diantaranya masa dormansi 2-3 bulan, ukuran bibit tidak seragam, dan kompetisi untuk bibit dan konsumsi. Kultur in vitro temu putih dapat membantu masalah penyediaan bibit. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan 3 AGH pada bulan Maret 2022 hingga Agustus 2022. Percobaan menggunakan RKLT satu faktor dengan 5 taraf kombinasi zat pengatur tumbuh pada media dasar MS0 yaitu media MS tanpa penambahan ZPT (kontrol); 3 ppm BAP + 0,5 ppm TDZ + 0,1 ppm NAA; 9 ppm BAP ; 1,5 ppm TDZ; 3 ppm Kinetin + 0,5 ppm TDZ + 0,1 ppm NAA. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 5 kali, setiap satuan percobaan terdiri atas 2 eksplan dan masing-masing ditanam dalam 1 botol sehingga terdapat 50 satuan pengamatan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penambahan ZPT pada media dan pengelompokkan berdasarkan ukuran tunas memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap multiplikasi tunas. Penambahan 3 ppm BAP + 0,5 ppm TDZ + 0,1 ppm NAA dan 3 ppm Kinetin + 0,5 ppm TDZ + 0,1 ppm NAA menghasilkan rataan tunas terbanyak yaitu 6,8 tunas. Penambahan ZPT tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap panjang tunas, jumlah daun, dan jumlah akar. Terdapat 42 planlet siap aklimatisasi yang berasal dari kultur dengan penambahan 3 ppm BAP + 0,5 ppm TDZ + 0,1 ppm NAA; 9 ppm BAP; dan 3 ppm Kinetin + 0,5 ppm TDZ + 0,1 ppm NAA dengan keberhasilan hidup mencapai 100%., White turmeric has a harvesting period after 10 months. Obstacles to the growth of white turmeric utilizing rhizomes included a 2-3 month dormant period, uneven seed size, and viability for consumption. The study was carried out at the Tissue Culture Laboratory Department AGH IPB University from March 2022 to August 2022. This study used a one-factor RCBD with 5 levels combination of PGR on MS base media, i.e., MS medium without PGR (control); 3 ppm BAP + 0,5 ppm TDZ + 0,1 ppm NAA; 9 ppm BAP; 1,5 ppm TDZ; 3 ppm Kinetin + 0,5 ppm TDZ + 0,1 ppm NAA. Each treatment comprised five replications. Each replication consisted of 2 explants and each explants planted in 1 bottle so that there were 50 units of observations. The results showed that adding PGR to the media and grouping based on shoot size significantly affected shoot multiplication. The addition of 3 ppm BAP + 0.5 ppm TDZ + 0.1 ppm NAA and 3 ppm Kinetin + 0,5 ppm TDZ + 0,1 ppm NAA resulted in the highest average is 6,8 shoots for each explant. The addition of PGR did not significantly affect shoot length, number of leaves, and number of roots. There were 42 acclimatization-ready plantlets derived from culture with the addition of 3 ppm BAP + 0.5 ppm TDZ + 0.1 ppm NAA; 9 ppm BAP; and 3 ppm Kinetin + 0.5 ppm TDZ + 0.1 ppm NAA with a life success rate of 100%.
Keyword: auxin, cytokinins, multiplication, senescence, Zingiberaceae

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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