Judul: Penentuan Daur Teknis Kayu Sengon Berdasarkan Sifat Fisis-Mekanisnya
Abstrak: INTRODUCTION. Wood demand in Indonesia is mostly fulfilled by wood supply from natural forest area. Exploitation of this forest without any commitment to sustain our natural resources has resulted in high rate destruction of the forest. Therefore, wood supply decreasing year by year. One alternative to solve this problem is by relying upon the supply of timber from timber estate. Species planted in such kind of forest is usually fast grown species, and sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria(L) Nielsen) is one of them. The objective of this research was to determine the technical rotation of sengon wood, based on its physical and mechanical properties, as building and construction materials. Moreover, effect of age on these two kind of properties was also investigated. METHOD. The main material in this study was sengon wood from Ciamis district, West Java. The samples were in the form of log, from five different ages of standing tree. Each age is represented by 3 trees. Physical properties tested are moisture content (MC), specific gravity (SG) of wood, and shrinkage (S) while mechanical properties tested are static bending strength (MOE and MOR), compressive strength parallel to grain, shear strength parallel to grain, and hardness. The testing of physical and mechanical properties of wood was referred to ASTM standard D143-94 (2006). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Result of this study on physical properties showed that tree age has no effect on MC but it has to SG and S. The highest SG was found on wood of 10 yr-old (0.37), while the lowest on 9 yr-old (0.29). The lowest radial shrinkage was found on wood of 9 yr-old (2.85%), while the highest on 6 yr-old (3.60%). The lowest tangential shrinkage was found on wood of 5 yr-old (5.64%), while the highest on 10 yr-old (6.11%). In case of mechanical properties, it could be said that wood from 10 yr-old tree has the highest value. The largest of MOE, MOR, compressive strength parallel to grain, and the hardness -at the end, radial and tangential, were found on wood of 10 yr-old (35,908, 262, 137, 127, 80, and 85 kg/cm2, respectively), while the lowest on 9 yr-old (24,711, 211, 113, 112, 62, and 65 kg/cm2, respectively). The largest value of shear strength parallel to grain at radial and tangential directions was found on wood of 10 yr-old (23 and 25 kg/cm2, respectively), while the lowest on 5 yr-old (19 and 21 kg/cm2, respectively). Analysis of variance showed that tree age also affects the MOE, MOR, compressive strength parallel to grain, and the hardness of the side. However, it has no effect to the shear strength parallel to grain and hardness at the end. Based on its physical and mechanical properties studied, the technical rotation of sengon wood for building and construction materials was 10-year due to the highest of total scoring.
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Judul: Penentuan Titik Transisi Kayu Juvenil ke Kayu Dewasa pada Sengon (Paraserianthes Falcataria (L.) Nielsen) dan Jabon (Anthocephalus Cadamba Miq.)
Abstrak: Wood as an important forest resource has been processed in large quantity to fulfill an increasing need of humans. To satisfy the increasing demand for the wood products, the supply of the wood will be come from fast-growing tree species grown on plantation forest and community forest. This fast-growing wood species will tend to be harvested in short age rotations and will contain higher proportions of juvenile wood. The objective of this research is to know characteristics of juvenile and to obtain consistent estimates of transition age from juvenile to mature wood of Sengon and Jabon woods. Segmented modeling approach was used to estimate the age of transition, and the non-linear procedure was employed to identify the juvenile to mature wood transition point. In an attempt to determine the juvenile and mature transition age for Sengon and Jabon, 6 trees were sampled in three age classes (5, 6, and 7 year) from a community forest in Sukabumi. Disks of 5 cm thick were collected at 1.3 meters (diameter breast height) from each tree to determine fiber length, MFA, density, and green-moisture content. Wood density was measured from pith to bark by X-ray densitometry. Fiber length and microfibril angle (MFA) were measured on isolated segmented rings of 1 cm width from pith to bark by visual interpretation on maceration and microtome samples. The segmented regression models and visual interpretation of tangential patterns of variation in fiber length and MFA reveal that juvenility in Sengon and Jabon extends up to 7 years, respectively. Fiber length and microfibril angle appear to be good anatomical indicators of age demarcation between juvenile and mature wood, although maturation age often varies among the properties. The projected figures for proportion of juvenile wood in Sengon and Jabon at age of 7 year are 80–100% and 100%, respectively.
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Judul: Hog Cholera
Abstrak: Hog Cholera adalah penyakit pada babi yang sangat infeksius, ditandai dengan penyebarannya yang cepat. Penyebabnya adalah virus dari famili Togaviridae, genus Pestivirus berintikan asm ribonukleat, beruntai tunggal, mempunyai selubung yang mengandung lipida dan "duri-duri" yang mengandung glikoprotein. Penularan dari babi dapat secara vertikal maupun secara horisontal. Secara geographis, penyakit ini9 sudah ada dihampir seluruh dunia, hanya beberapa negara yang relatof bebas HC.
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