Judul: Fast and Accurate Detection of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi Parasite Based on Yolo-v8 Algorithm
Abstrak: Piroplasmosis merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh parasit Theileria equi dan Babesia caballi. Penyakit ini menyebabkan kerugian dalam industri kuda, diantaranya kuda mengalami anemia, ikterus, kegagalan organ, serta larangan keikutsertaan dalam kompetisi olahraga berkuda. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan membuat sistem identifikasi parasit T. equi dan B. caballi secara otomatis berdasarkan algoritma YOLO. Pembuatan sistem identifikasi dilakukan dengan melakukan pemotretan preparat ulas darah T. equi dan B. caballi yang diwarnai oleh pewarna Giemsa 10%, pembuatan dataset, anotasi dataset, pengembangan sistem, dan pengujian kemampuan sistem. Pengembangan sistem untuk mendeteksi stadium T. equi dan B. caballi dibantu oleh mitra penelitian PT. Vox Digital Kreatif. Sistem identifikasi berhasil dikembangkan dan menunjukkan kemampuannya dalam mendeteksi T. equi dan B. caballi dengan tingkat akurasi mAP50 69,8%, mAP50-95 40,5%, dan kecepatan deteksi 5,4 ms. Uji performa sistem secara manual mendapatkan nilai akurasi 91%, presisi 98%, recall 92%, dan F1 Score 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sistem berhasil mengidentifikasi parasit B. caballi dan T. equi secara cepat dengan presisi yang tinggi., Piroplasmosis is a disease caused by the parasites Theileria equi and Babesia caballi. This disease causes losses in the horse industry, including horses experiencing anemia, jaundice, organ failure, and a ban on participation in equestrian sports competitions. Therefore, this study aims to create an automatic identification system for T. equi and B. caballi parasite based on YOLO algorithm. The creation of the identification system was carried out by photographing the blood smear of T. equi and B. caballi which is stained with 10% Giemsa dye, creating a dataset, dataset annotation, system development, and system capability testing. The development of the system to detect T. equi and B. caballi was assisted by research partner PT. Vox Digital Kreatif. The identification system was successfully developed and demonstrated its ability to detect T. equi and B. caballi with 69,8% mAP50 accuracy, 40,5% mAP50- 95, and 5,4 ms detection speed. Manual system performance tests obtained 91% accuracy, 98% precision, 92% recall, and 95% F1 Score. The results showed that the system was able to identify B. caballi and T. equi parasites quickly with high precision.
Keyword: Babesia caballi, Piroplasmosis, Theileria equi, YOLO

Judul: Identifikasi Molekuler terhadap Piroplasma pada Sapi dan Kerbau di Bogor
Abstrak: Peternakan merupakan salah satu subsektor yang memegang peranan penting dalam pembangunan pertanian di Indonesia. Piroplasmosis adalah penyakit yang ditularkan melalui caplak yang disebabkan oleh parasit hemoprotozoa dari genus Theileria dan Babesia. Sejauh ini belum ada studi mengenai deteksi piroplasmosis pada sapi dan kerbau di Indonesia dengan menggunakan teknik PCR. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi parasit piroplasma yang dapat menginfeksi sapi dan kerbau dengan menggunakan teknik molekuler. Sebanyak 29 sampel darah sapi dan kerbau dikumpulkan dari berbagai peternakan di Bogor. Metode apusan darah dengan pewarnaan Giemsa digunakan dalam penelitian ini, dilanjutkan dengan metode polymerase chain reaction (PCR) dengan gen target 18s rRNA untuk identifikasi molekuler. Hasil pemeriksaan apusan darah dengan pewarnaan Giemsa menunjukkan bahwa tingkat infeksi piroplasma pada kerbau dan sapi masing-masing adalah 60% dan 87,5%, sedangkan hasil pemeriksaan nested PCR adalah 20% dan 50%. Kerbau betina memiliki tingkat infeksi yang lebih tinggi dari kerbau jantan. Temuan penelitian ini akan memberikan data awal tentang infeksi parasit darah dengan menggunakan prosedur diagnostik piroplasma yang relevan dan akurat., Animal husbandry is one of the subsectors that plays a vital role in agricultural development in Indonesia. Piroplasmosis is a tick-borne disease caused by hemoprotozoa parasites of Theileria and Babesia. So far, no report on piroplasmosis detection studies in cattle and buffalo in Indonesia using PCR technique. This study aimed to identify piroplasm parasites that can infect cattle and buffalo using molecular techniques. Twenty-nine blood samples from cattle and buffalo were collected from various farms in the Bogor area. Giemsa stained blood, followed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method with 18s rRNA as target gene for molecular identification. The results of Giemsa-stained blood smear testing revealed that piroplasma infection rates in buffalo and cattle were 60% and 87,5%, respectively, while the results of nested PCR were 20% and 50%. Female buffalo has a higher rate of infection than male buffalo. The findings of this study will provide preliminary data on blood parasite infections using relevant and accurate piroplasm diagnostic procedures.
Keyword: Bogor, buffalo, cattle, PCR, piroplasma

Judul: Natrium lignosulfonat sebagai agen pendispersi pada mortar
Abstrak: Lignosulphonate, a modification product of lignin waste from pulp and paper industry can be used as water reducer in mortar mixture. This substance can influence the mechanical characteristic of mortar such as diameter of flow, flexural strength, compressive strength, and setting time of cement paste. Lignosulphonate shows it function as dispersant on cement hydration at 3 days that analyzed with x-ray difractometer. Research result show that flow of fresh mortar rise with increase concentration (from weight of cement) of synthetic sodium lignosulphonate (NaLS). It show that mortar homogenity also increasing. The result of flexural strength and compressive strength test use synthetic NaLS 0.1-0.3% from weight of cement show that addition synthetic NaLS 0.2% is the best result because it has the biggest of flexural strenght and compressive strength value. Initial setting time of cement paste increase, about 50% with addition of synthetic NaLS 0.2%. Whereas the final setting time decrease, about 8%. Cement hydration test show increase hydration product peak, Ca(OH)2 dan calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H).
Keyword: