Judul: The Influence of Social Support, Self Efficacy, and Financial Stress towords the Quality of Life among the Elderly of the City of Tidore Kepulauan
Abstrak: Every individual will experience aging as it is part of the human development phase. Individuals over 60 years old are categorised as elderly and are more likely to face various problems such as declining physical and psychological health, increased stress, and decreased income. In overcoming these challenges, elderly group need social support, self-efficacy, financial support, and a good quality of life. The general objective of this research is to determine social support, self efficacy, financial stress, and their influence on the quality of life of the elderly in Tidore Islands City. The specific objectives of this research are to: (1) differentiate the characteristics of social support, self-efficacy, financial stress, and quality of life for retired and non-retired elderly people. (2) analyse the relationship between the characteristics of the elderly, social support, self-efficacy, financial stress, and the quality of life of the elderly. (3) analyse the influence of social support, self efficacy, and financial stress on the quality of life of the elderly. This research useds a cross-sectional study design. Data collection wascarried out in Goto Village, Tidore District, and Tomalou Village, South Tidore District, in October–December 2022. The gathered data was acquired through interviews employing a structured questionnaire involving 200 participants who were aged 60 years and above. The respondents comprised 100 retired elderly and 100 non-retired elderly. The instrument used for the social support variable refers to the questionnaire developed by Ahmed-Mohamed et al. (2013), namely the Duke UNK-Functional Social Support Questionnaire (DUFSS). The instrument used to collect elderly self-efficacy data was the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES-12), developed by Bosscher and Smith (1998). Financial stress data was collected using the APR Financial Stress Scale research instrument developed by Heo et al. (2020). Measurement of the quality of life of the elderly uses research instruments on the quality of life of the elderly compiled by the World Health Organisation Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) (World Health Organisation 1998). This research uses descriptive analysis, including frequency, average, standard deviation, minimum value, and maximum value. Inferential analysisincludes the Pearson correlation test, the difference test, and the multiple linear regression test. The research results show that the average age of retired seniors is 68 years, and that of non-retirees is 69 years. The average length of education for retired elderly is 15 years (Bachelor degree), while non-retired elderly predominantly have elementary school education. Retired seniors have an average monthly income of IDR 4,380,100, while the average income of non-retired seniors is IDR 2,852,500. The majority of retired seniors (91%) receive high levels of social support from family, relatives, and friends. The self-efficacy of non-retired elderly (94%) in the high category is greater than that of retired elderly (92%) in the high category but is not significantly different. This means that retired and non-retired seniors have high self-confidence in facing the times elderly. All elderly people (100%) have a low financial stress index value or do not experience financial stress. The majority of retired elderly group (82%) are more likely to have high category of quality of life, while the non-retired elderly (55%) are in the low
Keyword: elderly, financial stress, self efficacy, social support, quality of life

Judul: Stressors, Coping Strategies, and their Effects on Quality of Life of the Elderly during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Abstrak: Pandemi Covid-19 berdampak pada kehidupan masyarakat terutama bagi lansia yang beresiko tinggi tertular dan bisa menyebabkan kematian. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh sumber stres dan strategi koping terhadap kualitas hidup lansia. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara online menggunakan metode cross-sectional study, dan kriteria sampel melibatkan 50 lansia laki-laki dan 50 lansia perempuan berusia 60 tahun keatas yang didapat dengan metode quota sampling. Sumber stres lansia laki-laki dan perempuan tergolong dalam kategori rendah, strategi koping dan kualitas hidup lansia laki-laki dan perempuan tergolong dalam kategori sedang. Uji beda menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada sumber stres, strategi koping dan kualitas hidup antara lansia laki-laki dan perempuan. Uji korelasi menunjukkan semakin rendah sumber stres diri sendiri dan lingkungan dan semakin tinggi strategi koping berfokus pada emosi berhubungan dengan semakin meningkatnya kualitas hidup lansia. Hasil uji regresi menunjukkan penggunaan strategi koping berfokus pada emosi berpengaruh terhadap tingginya kualitas hidup lansia. Kata kunci: kualitas hidup, lanjut usia, strategi koping, sumber stres ABSTRACT REZA WAHYUNI. Stressors, Coping Strategies, and their Effects on Quality of Life of the Elderly during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Supervised by DIAH KRISNATUTI and MUSTHOFA. The Covid-19 pandemic has an impact on people's lives, especially for the elderly who are at high risk of contracting and can cause death. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of stressors and coping strategies on the quality of life of the elderly. This research was conducted online by using a cross-sectional study method, and the sample criteria involved 50 elderly men and 50 elderly women aged 60 years and over who were obtained by quota sampling method. Stressors for elderly men and women are in the low category, coping strategies and quality of life for elderly men and women are in the moderate category. Different tests showed that there were no significant differences in stressors, coping strategies and quality of life between elderly men and women. Correlation test showed that the lower self and environment stressors and the higher emotion-focused coping, the higher quality of life of the elderly. The results of the regression test show that the use of coping strategies that focus on emotions has an effect on the high quality of life of the elderly. Keywords: coping strategies, elderly, quality of life, stressors
Keyword: kualitas hidup, lanjut usia, strategi koping, sumber stres

Judul: Closed Knight’s Tour pada Papan Catur Berbentuk Persegi Panjang dengan Ukuran Maksimal 8 × 8
Abstrak: Closed Knight’s Tour merupakan langkah kuda yang mengunjungi setiap kotak pada papan catur tepat satu kali dengan langkah kuda berawal dan berakhir pada kotak yang sama. Graf yang terbentuk dari closed knight’s tour dinotasikan sebagai graf G(m,n), dengan m adalah banyaknya baris dan n adalah banyaknya kolom. Graf tersebut memuat Hamiltonian cycle. Sebuah graf terhubung G adalah graf bipartite jika dan hanya jika graf tersebut tidak memiliki cycle dengan panjang ganjil. Papan catur yang memenuhi syarat cukup untuk memiliki closed knight’s tour adalah papan catur berukuran 5 × 6, 5 × 8, 6 × 6, 6 × 7, 6 × 8, 7 × 8, dan 8 × 8.
Keyword: bipartite, closed knight’s tour, hamiltonian cycle, knight’s tour, teori graf