Judul: Detection of Anaplasma spp., Rickettsia spp., and Borrelia spp., on Brown Dog Ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) in Bogor
Abstrak: Caplak keras Rhipicephalus sanguineus merupakan ektoparasit yang biasa menginfestasi anjing dan berpotensi menjadi vektor zoonosis. Penelitian bertujuan mendeteksi jenis bakteri patogen yaitu Anaplasma spp., Rickettsia spp., dan Borrelia spp. dari caplak yang dikoleksi di Bogor. Sebanyak 77 ekor anjing diperiksa secara acak dari total 217 anjing dan ditemukan 142 caplak hasil koleksi dari enam ekor anjing. Sampel caplak dilakukan ekstraksi DNA untuk mendeteksi bakteri patogen dengan menggunakan metode PCR. Hasil PCR terhadap gen 17-kDa dan gltA menunjukkan satu sampel caplak positif terdapat Rickettsia sp. yang mendekati Rickettsia felis pada caplak yang menginfestasi anjing di Saint Kitts and Nevis. Hasil PCR terhadap gen GroEL menunjukkan satu hasil positif Anaplasma sp. yang mendekati Anaplasma platys pada caplak di China yang menginfestasi anjing sedangkan deteksi Borrelia spp. menunjukkan hasil negatif pada setiap sampel caplak.
Keyword: Anaplasma, Anjing, Borrelia, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Rickettsia

Judul: The Infestation of Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) on Dogs at Animals Hope Shelter Bogor
Abstrak: Caplak anjing berpotensi menimbulkan kerugian berupa penyebaran penyakit tular caplak baik pada hewan maupun manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi spesies caplak yang menginfestasi anjing dan mengukur derajat infestasinya anjing yang dipelihara di Animals Hope Shelter Bogor. Koleksi sampel caplak dilakukan secara manual menggunakan pinset pada tubuh anjing yang dibagi menjadi lima regio, yaitu kepala dan leher, punggung, abdomen, ekor, serta kaki. Sampel dikoleksi dari 10 ekor anjing yang terinfestasi caplak selama lima menit pada setiap regio. Caplak di identifikasi dalam bentuk sediaan preparat kaca dengan kunci-kunci identifikasi caplak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hanya ada satu spesies caplak yang menginfestasi anjing di Animals Hope Shelter Bogor, yaitu Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Arachnida: Ixodidae). Infestasi caplak paling tinggi terjadi pada regio punggung dan kepala. Setengah dari populasi sampel anjing mengalami infestasi caplak ringan., Brown dog ticks potentially causes harm by transmitting Tick-Borne Diseases to both animals and humans. The aim of this research was to identified the species of tick that infested dogs and measured the infestation degree of ticks on dogs at Animals Hope Shelter Bogor. Ticks sample was collected manually by using tweezers from five regios of the dog’s body, which are head and neck, back, abdomen, tail, and foot. Sample was taken from 10 dogs that infested by tick for five minutes on each regio. Ticks identified in the form of mounted slide with tick identification keys. The result of this research showed that there was only one species that infested dogs at Animals Hope Shelter Bogor, that was Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Arachnida: Ixodidae). The highest number of ticks infestation was found at back and head regio. Half of the examined dog population had mild tick infestations.
Keyword: Anjing, caplak, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, shelter

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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