Judul: Pola Ekologi Owa Jawa Liar (Hylobates moloch) di Pulau Jawa, Indonesia: Efek Faktor Lingkungan
Abstrak: The geographical (latitude, longitude, and altitude) and environmental variables (rainfall and temperature) would be important constraints on forest structure, food abundance, other resources’ distribution and availability. These can affect dietary habits, behavior, and dayly travel distance. This study aims to examine environmental determinant(s) of behavioral and social aspects of Javan gibbons through meta-analysis. This study compiled previous publications about gibbons through database searching. Employed statistical analyses were Spearman’s rank correlation and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The results showed that there were no significant correlations between geographical/environmental variables and behavioral/social aspects, except for relationship with latitude and number of animals per group. This study also found no significant differences in behavioral/social aspects among forest types.
Keyword: Activity budget, dietary composition, forest types, gibbons, latitude, Activity budget, dietary composition, forest types, gibbons, latitude

Judul: Variasi Geografis dan Lingkungan dalam Anggaran Kegiatan dan Pola Makan Lutung Jawa (Trachypithecus auratus)
Abstrak: Environmental and climatic conditions affect food abundance, affecting animals' dietary composition and diversity. Activity budgets are key information for evaluating the feeding strategy of primates. This study aims to analyze the effects of geographic and environmental factors on activity budget and dietary habits of Javan langurs (Trachypithecus auratus) across their geographical range or among forest types. This study’s data were gathered by conducting a web-based survey of the activity budget and dietary habits of the Javan langur. This study analyzed relationships between the geographical/environmental and activity, dietary composition, and social/behavioral aspects by the Spearman’s rank correlation tests and tested differences in the above variables among three forest types by the Kruskal-Wallis tests. The langurs’ diets were composed of foliage (49.0-75.7%), fruits (21.6-48.1%), and flowers (2.7-23.0%). The activities of the langurs were mainly composed of feeding (range: 20.2-44.2%), moving (9.8- 32.1%), resting (9.3-43.6%), and social behavior (2.5-28.9%). There were no significant differences between forest types and activity budget and dietary habits of the langurs and no significant correlations between geographic/environmental variations and their activity budget and dietary habits. The folivorous-based diets and their specialized digestive strategy would be the main reason for the lack of regional variation in activity and dietary habits.
Keyword: Colobines, conservation, feeding, folivorous, forest types

Judul: Sintesis nanopartikel Cu2ZnSnS4 menggunakan teknik hidrotermal
Abstrak: Nanopartikel Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) merupakan semikonduktor yang berpotensi sebagai fotokatalis untuk reaksi fotodegradasi zat pewarna. Semikonduktor ini memiliki sela pita yang jauh lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan semikonduktor TiO2, sehingga memungkinkan dapat berkerja hanya dengan paparan sinar matahari. Nanopartikel Cu2ZnSnS4 telah berhasil disintesis menggunakan teknik hidrotermal dengan suhu 200 oC selama 24 jam. Larutan Cu2ZnSnS4 dinetralkan menggunakan amonium hidroksida dan dialiri gas N2 sebelum proses hidrotermal. Hasil analisis mikroskop elektron pemayaran menunjukkan nanopartikel Cu2ZnSnS4 mengalami aglomerasi karena memiliki ukuran partikel yang besar. Hasil analisis difraktogram sinar-X menunjukkan bahwa Cu2ZnSnS4 yang dihasilkan memiliki struktur kesterit dengan senyawa fase sekunder yang terbentuk adalah CuS, ZnS, dan Cu2SnS3. Hasil uji fotodegradasi menunjukkan bahwa senyawa hasil sintesis memiliki kemampuan degradasi dibawah sinar matahari lebih baik dibandingkan dengan TiO2. Namun, pada paparan sinar UV, TiO2 mendegradasi biru metilena lebih baik daripada senyawa hasil sintesis. Kapasitas adsorbsi terhadap biru metilena sebesar 2.6780 mg/g menunjukkan bahwa senyawa hasil sintesis tidak mampu mengadsorpsi dengan baik, sehingga disimpulkan bahwa hilangnya biru metilena dari larutan disebabkan oleh fotodegradasi, bukan oleh adsorpsi
Keyword: band gap, Cu2ZnSnS4, kesterite, photocatalyst, semiconductor