Judul: Keragaan karakter agronomi dan stabilitas genotipe padi pada ekosistem dataran tinggi
Abstrak: Rice is the most important staple food in the world. Development of rice cultivation area is needed to increase rice productivity through expanding of marginal land especially in high-elevation areas of Indonesia. Temperature, solar radiation and rainfall influence rice yield by directly affecting the physiological processes involved in grain production. The effects of abiotic stress on grain yield and yield components vary with growth stage, depending on variety and weather condition. The major constraint of rice cultivation in high elevation area is lack of cold tolerance varieties. The objectives of this research were to obtain the information of agronomic traits performance and stability of rice genotypes to be adapted in highland across three different high-elevations (700, 900 and 1200 m above sea level). The rice genotypes derived from mutation induction and hybridization treatment were cultivated in dry season (2011) and rainy season (2011/2012). Forty rice genotypes were used in dry season cultivation across two different high-elevations (700 and 1200 m above sea level). Twenty five rice genotypes were selected based on agronomic trait performance and grain yield in dry season and then cultivated in rainy season across three different high-elevations (700, 900 and 1200 m above sea level). Four stability analysis methods i.e. Finlay- Wilkinson, Eberhart – Russel, Francis - Kannenberg and AMMI were applied to analyze the stability of promising lowland rice lines. The results showed that the difference of high elevations had influenced on yield in dry season due to low air temperature (15ºC) during flowering period while there was no significantly effect in rainy seasons across three different high elevation areas. A minimum daily air temperature below 17°C in flowering period caused high unfilled grain numbers, low filled grain percentage, reduced grain weight, low panicle numbers, incomplete panicle extension, extended maturity date, extended grain filling period and low yield which varied among genotypes. Stability analysis indicated that some promising rice lines well adapted in different high altitudes areas. There were 12 rice lines stable based on Finlay Wilkinson method, Eberhart and Russell method (6 rice lines), Francis and Kannenberg method (16 rice lines) and AMMI models revealed three stable rice lines. The OS-30-199 mutant line produced the highest yield (4,69 ton/ha) among genotypes observed which highly significant over check variety, Sarinah (3,42 ton/ha).
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Judul: Analysis of agronomic performance and stability of promising upland rice lines derived from buru rice landraces obtained through anther culture
Abstrak: The promising upland rice lines have been obtained from anther culture of crossing between released variety and Buru rice landraces. The lines need to be evaluated for their agronomic performance and yield stability at various locations. The objectives of the research were to obtain information of agronomic performance, yield stability and adaptability of upland rice lines at various locations. Ten upland rice lines and two check cultivars were evaluated at five locations (in Pekalongan - Lampung Province, Bogor and Sukabumi - West Java Province, Purworejo - Central Java Province and Malang - East Java Province) in the rainy season 2011/2012. In each location, the design was Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. Four stability analysis methods were used to analyze the adaptation and yield stability of those lines (Francis- Kannenberg, Finlay-Wilkinson, Eberhart-Russel and AMMI). The results indicated that Fat-4-1-1, FM1R-1-3-1, FG1R-36-1-1 and FG1-6-1-2 lines produced the highest yield of dry grain per hectare (4.77; 4.54; 3.90 and 3.46 tons of dry grain per hectare, respectively). Fat-4-1-1, FM1R-1-3-1 and FG1R-36-1-1 lines have a potential agronomic and yield characters as new upland plant type of rice. Four lines were classified as stable by Francis-Kannenberg method, i.e FM1R-1-3-1, Fat-4-1-1, FG1-6-1-2 and FG1R-30-1-3. FG1-6-1-2 was the most stable genotype by Finlay-Wilkinson and Eberhart-Russel methods. Visualization with AMMI indicated that FG1R-30-1-3 was the most stable genotype across all locations.
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Judul: Peranan nyamuk sebagai vektor Dirofilaria immitis pada anjing
Abstrak: Dirofilaria immitis adalah cacing jantung yang hidup dalam ventrikel kanan dan arteri pulmonalis dari anjing; namun secara alamiah cacing ini dapat ditularkan kepada kucing, rubah dan karnivora yang lain. Cacing ini termasuk kelas Nematoda, famili Filariidae dan genus Dirofilaria, dengan bentuk tubuh langsing, berwarna putih dan daur hidupnya tidak langsung. Penyebarannya meliputi daerah beriklim sedang dan tropis seperti Timur Jauh, Pasifik, Afrika Utara dan Tengah, Australia serta Amerika Utara dan Selatan. Di Indonesia cacing ini jarang ditemukan. Nyamuk dari genus Anopheles, Culex, Aedes dan Mansonia merupakan vektor yang utama dari cacing jantung ini. Beberapa jenis pinjal seperti Ctenocephalides atau Pulex ternyata juga mampu menjadi vektor, meskipun kejadiannya jarang ditemukan. ...
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