Judul: Formulasi dan karakterisasi gel minyak sawit (Palm oil gel) kaya karotenoid sebagai ingredien pangan fungsional:
Abstrak: Carotenoids, especially β-carotene is a provitamin A that contribute to human health. Palm and its derivates such as red palm oil and palm carotenoids concentrate contain high carotenoids. Carotenoids are unstable by heat, light, and oxygen. The general objectives of this research were to 1) Determine the formula of palm oil gel as functional ingredient with maximum gel strength; 2) Examine the rheological characteristic of dispersion system of palm oil gel to provide a description of its opportunities for used as functional ingredient in beverages. The stages of this research were : 1) Determine the value range of ingredients (konjac glucomannan, kappa carrageenan, oil, and maltodextrin); 2) Determine the formula of palm oil gel with maximum gel strength; 3) Product characterization. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to obtain palm oil gel formula with maximum gel strength. Data obtained were analyzed with SAS v6.12 software and to obtain the response surface form was used surfer 32 software.
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Judul: Proses pembuatan produk emulsi kaya β-karoten dari minyak sawit merah dengan high pressure homogonizer
Abstrak: Research on emulsion making from red palm oil was undertaken by optimizing the mixing process and pressure homogenization. Objective of this research was to find a best processing condition in the emulsion product making. The stages of emulsion making consisted of mixing process, homogenization process, and product analyses. The mixing process conditions were (a). mixer's speed, i.e., 2499.0, 2646.0, 2853.0 and 3167.0 rpm; (b). mixing time, i.e., 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 minutes. The single stage homogenization pressures were 100, 150, 200, and 250 bar. Pressure studied in the double stage homogenization were 40, 60, and 80 bar. Quality of the emulsion drink was measured by carotene content, fluid flow characteristic, viscosity, and proximate analysis. Result indicated that the best emulsion product was resulted from a combination of 3167 rpm and 3 minutes mixing process. Further homogenization process found that a double stage homogenization with 250 bar in first stage and 80 bar in second stage resulted best in the quality emulsion. This best emulsion was characterized by the best value of emulsion stability and droplet diameter size. This product was rich in β-carotene.
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Judul: Etno-ornitologi Burung Kancilan Flores (Pachycephala nudigula nudigula Hartert 1897) pada Masyarakat Lio di Taman Nasional Kelimutu
Abstrak: Bare-throathed whistler is one of several wild birds in Kelimutu National Park (TNKL) that is believed to have correlation with Lio Community‟s belief. The estimation of Bare-throated whistler‟s population in Kelimutu National Park was about 186.41-1668.07 individual by the density about 0.0389-0.3481 ind/ha with the sex ratio 6.2:1 that spreaded on area with height of 1100 – 1600 masl. The characteristic of Bare-throated whistler‟s habitat is a natural forest with various canopy level, high plant species diversity and high density. The habitat characteristics related to the availability of food in the form of insects, cover, safety and a nesting site. Generally the most of Lio community knew the existence of Bare-throated whistler directly or from their parents‟ stories. The perceptions of Lio Community to the Bare-throated whistler‟s existence is generally support the conservation efforts. The perceptions construct the Lio Community‟s atitude that tend to be conservative to the existence of Bare-throated whistler. The attitude shown by their behavior that not cathing the Bare-throated whistler from the TNKL‟s area or the outside. The attitude have an important role to the existence of Bare-throated whistler in Kelimutu National Park‟s area.
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