Judul: Dampak Konversi Lahan Terhadap Keberlanjutan Ekologi. Studi Kasus: Kelurahan Mulyaharja, Kecamatan Bogor Selatan, Kota Bogor, Provinsi Jawa Barat.
Abstrak: This study has three objectives: 1) to identify the phenomena and factors that cause land conversion, 2) to examine the impact of land conversion in terms of sociological, economic, and political aspects, 3) to examine the impact of land conversion of ecological aspects .This study was conducted in the village Mulyaharja. It is an area of land conversion, where almost the entire area of Mulyaharja has switched its functions into a settlement area (real estate). Previously the area was productive agricultural land. The case of agricultural land conversion in Mulyaharja was caused by the farmers’ decision to sell their land and such decision was promoted by such factors as economic, social, and policies. The effects of land conversion involve a number of aspects. For example, its sociological impacts include the gap between indigenous people and immigrants as well as lifestyle changes introduced by the immigrants. The economic impacts include changes in land tenure, productivity and income levels of the community. The political impact can be seen from the many companies that are committed to investment of funds in one or more assets for several periods in the future. The conversion of agricultural land to settlement area has greatly negative impact on the ecology. The ecological already apparent now shows the damage to the environment at an alarming stage because of the big large opportunity for the rural communities of Mulyaharja to move and open up land on the higher ground. Now, there should be fundamental changes in the paradigm of development in relation with nature.
Keyword: 

Judul: Analisis Dampak Konversi Lahan Pertanian ke Non-Pertanian terhadap Pendapatan Petani di Kelurahan Mulyaharja, Kota Bogor.
Abstrak: Conversion of agricultural land can affect to the social and economic aspects of society, as happened in Mulyaharja Regency, Bogor City. The purposes of study were to identify the policy factors conversion of agricultural land, to examine the benefits and disadvantages of conversion of agricultural land, and to analyze the impact on farmer's income. This survey used several tools, such as the content analysis, descriptive, and then the aspect of job opportunities, productivity, and changes on farmer’s income. Observations and interviews were conducted to stakeholders in Bogor City government and the farmers who farm on agricultural land. Samples were taken by simple random sampling method. The results showed that the cause factors of the conversion of agricultural land were the expansion of housing and service sectors. The benefits of conversion of agricultural land are contributes to the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) Bogor City, especially to Land and Building Tax (LBT) in Mulyaharja Regency with a percentage is 75% of the total LBT per year. In contrast, the potential loss from conversion to function of labor on wetland is Rp 51 814 366.67/year with lost wage is Rp 1 656 638 095.24/year. Then, in the dryland farmer is Rp 15 703 442.11/year with loss of wage is Rp 550 235 714.29/year. The changes in agricultural productivity on the wetland farmer is Rp 20 325 200/hectar and the loss of income is Rp 1 623 989.60/ton/hectar. In the dryland farmer, decreasing of productivity value is Rp 16 836 480/hectar and the loss of income is Rp 1 312 288.77/ton/hectar.
Keyword: farmers' income, farmer, conversion of land agricultural

Judul: Pemurnian dan karakterisasi protein inhibitor RNA helikase virus hepatitis C
Abstrak: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the second most common chronic viral infection in the world with global prevalence. This infection is contribution to chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, often leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. There is no effective drug and vaccine available against HCV. The current standard treatment, a combination of pegylated interferon-α with ribavirin, is limited by its suboptimal response rate in a significant patient population, side effects, and affordability. Therefore, development of effective drug is needed. One approach to find out the candidate of antiviral drug is to discover the inhibitor of enzyme that essential for virus replication, such as RNA helicase. Streptomyces chartreusis 5-095 produce the inhibitor of HCV RNA helicase. The aim of this study was to purify the protein inhibitor which has inhibition activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV from S. chartreusis 5-095. The supernatant of culture S. chartreusis 5-095 exhibited high inhibiton activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV (approximately 72%) at 10 days of incubation. The extracellular protein inhibitor was partially purified by procedures of precipitation with ammonium sulfate to 65% saturation and gel filtration (Sephadex G50) using methanol water solution (4:6) as an eluen. The purity of protein inhibitor was monitored by SDS PAGE. The protein inhibitor showed a relative molecular mass were estimated to be 14 kDa and increased the purity 23,08 fold than those of the crude protein. The specific activity and IC50 after purification were 13,1338 U/mg and 0,0767 mg/mL, respectively. The activity of purified protein inhibitor showed its stability over pH range from 5-8 and optimum at pH 7,4. The inhibition activity showed its stability up to 70% at temperature 100 oC. The purified protein inhibitor relatively stable its activity at storage in the range of -20 oC to room temperature for 35 days.
Keyword: