Judul: Review: Pemanenan Hutan Skala Kecil
Abstrak: Pemanenan hutan adalah serangkaian tahapan kegiatan yang dilaksanakan untuk mengubah pohon dan memindahkannya ke tempat pengolahan. Hutan skala kecil merupakan hutan dengan luas areal lebih kurang 100 hektar dan dapat mencapai luasan maksikum 1000 hektar. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk menghimpun, mengidentifikasi, dan memberikan informasi gambaran serta informasi hasil-hasil penelitian mengenai sistem pemanenan hutan skala kecil. Penelitian menggunakan metode Systematic Review. Jumlah artikel ilmiah yang digunakan sebanyak 33 artikel. Sistem pemanenan hutan skala kecil di hutan alam Asia dan Afrika berpotensi dapat diterapkan pada pengelolaan Hutan Rakyat di Indonesia., Forest harvesting is step of activity to change the trees and then transfer them to a processing site. Small-scale forests are forests that have approximately 100 hectares and reach a maximum area of 1000 hectares. This research aims to collect, identify, and provide descriptive information as well as the results from various research regarding small-scale forest harvesting systems. The study used the Systematic Review. The number of the article used was 33 articles. It is concluded that small-scale forest harvesting systems in Asian natural forests and Africa are recommended community-based forest management in Indonesia.
Keyword: forest harvesting, small-scale forest, harvesting system

Judul: Systematic Review: Environmentally Friendly Forest Harvesting in Indonesia.
Abstrak: Tinjauan Sistematis: Pemanenan Hutan Ramah Lingkungan di Indonesia. Dibimbing oleh AHMAD BUDIAMAN. Pemanenan kayu pada pengelolaan hutan alam masih menimbulkan permasalahan lingkungan. Teknik perencanaan serta pelaksanaan pemanenan kayu yang baik dan benar masih belum dipergunakan dalam pemanenan kayu di hutan alam Indonesia, sehingga dampak kerusakan yang ditimbulkan selama kegiatan pemanenan kayu masih tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui dan menghimpun hasil penelitian mengenai pemanenan hutan ramah lingkungan berdampak rendah serta mengevaluasi kinerja teknik Reduced Impact Logging. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode systematic review. Jenis data yang dikumpulkan berupa artikel berbahasa Indonesia maupun Inggris, yang bersifat open access sebanyak 28 jurnal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemanenan kayu konvensional yang dilaksanakan selama ini dilakukan tanpa perencanaan yang baik, teknik pelaksanaan yang buruk dan lemahnya pengawasan menyebabkan kerusakan lingkungan yang besar, sedangkan pemanenan kayu dengan teknik Reduced Impact Logging lebih banyak disarankan untuk digunakan dalam kegiatan pemanenan hutan di berbagai Negara karena bersifat ramah lingkungan dan mampu meminimalkan kerusakan yang terjadi., Systematic Review: Environmentally Friendly Forest Harvesting in Indonesia. Supervised by AHMAD BUDIAMAN. Timber harvesting in natural forest management still causes environmental problems. Planning techniques and the implementation of good and correct timber harvesting are still not used in timber harvesting in Indonesia's natural forests, so the impact of damage caused during wood harvesting activities is still high. The purpose of this study is to find out and collect the results of research on environmentally friendly forest harvesting with a low impact and evaluate the performance of the Reduced Impact Logging technique. This study used the systematic Reviu method. The type of data collected is in the form of Articles in Indonesian and English, which are open access as many as 28 journals. The results showed that conventional wood harvesting carried out so far was carried out without good planning, poor implementation techniques and weak supervision caused great environmental damage, while wood harvesting with the Reduced Impact Logging technique was more widely recommended to be used in forest harvesting activities in various countries because it is environmentally friendly and able to minimize the damage that occurs.
Keyword: conventional, low impact harvesting, reduced impact logging, sustainable forest harvesting

Judul: Durability of Specific Immunoglobulin (Ig) Y Againts Influenza and Covid-19 in Sunscreen
Abstrak: The benefit of specific immunoglobulin Y (Ig Y) as an active ingredient in personal care products such as sunscreen has not been properly studied. Our study aims to evaluate the reliability of specific IgY against influenza and the COVID-19 virus in a sample sunscreen product. Specific IgY influenza and COVID-19 viruses were inserted in the sample sunscreen at two concentrations of 0.1% and 0.25%. Three treatments were observed: control (C) sunscreen without IgY, treatment 1 (T1) sunscreen with 0.1% IgY, and treatment 2 (T2) sunscreen with 0.25% IgY. Organoleptic observations were carried out to monitor changes in aroma, color, and texture, and sunscreen sampling was done every week for 6 weeks. The durability of IgY was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a neutralization assay. Organoleptic observation from weeks 1 to 6 showed consistency in its aroma, color, and texture. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization assay (NA) results of the T1 and T2 groups showed negative results except for sample T1 at week 5, which showed a positive result in the Influenza A ELISA. Based on the results, it seems that IgY concentrations of 0.1% or 0.25% were not optimal. However, this negative result might be due to low concentration of the IgY and the presence of beeswax, which inhibits IgY and causes it to dissolve in distilled water, thus preventing it from being detected in the assay.
Keyword: Immunoglobulin Y, Sunscreen, Influenza, COVID-19, Biological Activity