Judul: Studi Produksi Enzim Protease Bacillus subtilis DB 104 Rekombinan R-l Pada Media Tepung Kedelai
Abstrak: Enzim Protease merupakan biokatalisator yang berasal dari mikroba dan memiliki beberapa kelebihan dibandingkan dengan enzim produk non mikrobial. Kelebihan produk mukrobial antara lain dapat diproduksi dalam skala besar dan produksinya mudah ditingkatkan. Hal yang harus diperhatikan dalam produksi enzim protease dari mikroba adalah seleksi galur dan pemilihan kondisi lingkungan (baik fisik maupuu kimia). Kegunaan dan pangsa pasar yang luas baik dalam industri pangan maupun non pangan mendorong para ilmuwan mengembangkan penelitian yang berkaitan dengan enzim tersebut.
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Judul: Produksi dan Karakterisasi Protease Bacillus substilis DB 104 Rekombinan Imobil pada Media Limbah Cair Tahu
Abstrak: Protease merupakan enZUD pemecah protein yang dalam kerjanya memerlukan air. Pada industri pangan, protease digunakan pada industri roti, keju, bir dan lain-lain sedangkan pada non pangan, protease banyak digunakan pada industri kulit, deterjen dan fotografi. Protease dapat dihasilkan oleh mikroorganisme, hewan maupun tumbuhan. Penggunaan mikroorganisme untuk menghasilkan protease lebih menguntungkan dibanding hewan maupun tumbuhan. Mikroorganisme yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Bacillus substilis rekombinan, yang diperoleh dengan cara mengklonkan gen protease Bacillus pumilus YI yang diisolasi dari limbah cair tabu ke Bacillus substilis DB 104 dangan menggunakan plasmid pUB 110. Penggunaan bakteri ini dimaksudkan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas protease. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari produksi dan karakteristik protease yang dihasilkan oleh Bacillus substilis DB 104 rekombinan imobil pada media limbah cair tahu (LCT).
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Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite