Judul: Peranan vegetasi pangan badak di ujung kulon dalam kasus kematian badak jawa tahun 1981-1982
Abstrak: Badak Jawa saat sekarang ini terdesak dalam suatu kawasan konservasi sempit di jazirah Ujung Kulon se luas 39.120 Ha. Kemampuannya dalam melakukan penyesuaian diri menolongnya berkembang biak di habitatnya. Beberapa peru- bahan komunitas yang menyusun kawasan konservasi sedikit banyak berpengaruh terhadap perilaku kehidupan badak sehari- hari. Suatu kasus penyakit spesifik yang mewabah telah menye- rang daerah konservasi ini. Satwa yang terserang adalah 5 ekor badak Jawa, 4 ekor banteng, penyu, lutung dan babi hutan. Disamping itu ditemukan juga kematian 25 ekor kerbau milik penduduk daerah perbatasan yang mungkin ada kaitannya dengan kematian satwa di kawasan Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon. Adanya kematian yang beruntun ini menjadikan beberapa analisa kematian dikemukakan, seperti disebabkan oleh se rangan penyakit menular, aspek ekologis dan keracunan. Hal ini didasarkan atas gejala klinis, menyerang dalam waktu singkat, mematikan populasi tanpa membedakan umur dan kelamin serta kawasannya yang terbatas. ...
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Judul: Dinamika Vegetasi Habitat Badak Jawa (Rhinoceros sondoicus Desmarest, 1822) di Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon Jawa Barat.
Abstrak: Upaya mempertahankan kelestarian badak jawa diantaranya melalui peningkatan daya dohmg dalam pengelolaan habitat. Beberapa penelitian dalam rangka pengelolaan habitat telah dilakukan seperti halnya oleh Tim Peneliti Badak Jawa melalui Pilot Project Pengelolaan Habitat Badak Jawa. Pilot Project tersebut membuka tiga plot pada tahnn 1994-1995, yaitu di Cibandawoh, Cijengkol, dan Cigenter yang masing-masing mewakili habitat sangat sesuai, habitat sesuai dan habitat tidak sesuai bagi badak jawa. Hasil pengamatan terhadap perkembangan kondisi vegetasi selama empat tahun menunjukkan adanya aspek penting yang mempenganlhi upaya perbaikan habitat yaitu penanganan tekanan biologis dari si~ksesiv egetasi, khususnya kecenderungan invasi langkap (Arengo obhisijolicr) terhadap habitat badak jawa, dan pengaruhnya terhadap ketersediaan tumbuhan pakan badak jawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dinamika vegetasi habitat badak jawa dengan melah~kan pengamatan terhadap jumlah jenis, kerapatan dan indeks keanekaragaman, dinamika vegetasi pakan badak dengan melakukan pengamatan terhadap jumlah jenis dan kerapatan tumbuhan pakan badak jawa di lokasi penelitian dan menganalisis kecenderungan dinamika vegetasi habitat badak jawa yang akan tejadi serta menganalisis penganlh satwa terhadap perkembangan vegetasi.
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Judul: Kloning dan Ekspresi Human Interferon-alfa2a pada Yeast Metilotropik Pichia pastoris
Abstrak: Interferon (IFN) is a group of proteins that are secreted by body cells as a result of exposure to biological vertebrates such as: viruses, bacteria, protozoa and other compounds. There are three types of interferon, namely: alpha (α), beta (β) and gamma (γ) IFN. Interferon-α2a belongs to the type I interferon. This protein has a molecular weight of 21.550 kDa and consists of 188 amino acids (23 amino acid of signal peptide and 166 amino acids of mature protein). Interferon-α2a is also known to be used for the treatment of hepatitis C and as anti-tumor and antivirus agents. Regulator gene for IFN production under normal conditions, is in the off position to IFN is not produced. But when there are external stimuli, both viral and bacterial infections, a regulator gene switches on, and IFN production system running. At the time of an attack from a variety of disease agents actually the body will produce IFN, but generally the amount produced is not sufficient to fight the disease agents that multiply very quickly. Therefore IFN intake from outside is needed. This is the beginning of the use of IFN as a drug. Genetic engineering is an activity to manipulate the genes to get new products by creating recombinant DNA through gene insertion. Recombinant DNA technology has been used to produce IFN. Yeast such as Pichia pastoris can be an alternative as the host (system) to express human interferon genes and as a producer of IFN protein. Expression system P. pastoris offers several advantages for the production of recombinant proteins, such as: the high level expression of recombinant proteins, ease of scaling-up fermenter, low cost and ease of transformation techniques and selection of transformed cells such as bacteria . The existence of inducible AOX1 promoter is very strong, easily control the expression of recombinant proteins by induction. AOX1 is a promoter that controls gene expression of alcohol oxidase to metabolize methanol as carbon source of P. pastoris. Therefore,this study aimed to clone human interefron-α2a (hifnα2a) gene in E. coli and express it in metylotrophic yeast P. pastoris. Vector used in this study is pPICZαB (Invitrogen). Ligation process between insert (hifn-α2a gene) and vector (pPICZαB) performed by using T4 DNA ligase, which functions synthesize the formation of phosphodiester bonds linking the nucleotides with nucleotide insert plasmid vectors to produce recombinant (pPICZαB-hifnα2a). This recombinant plasmid transformed into XL1 blue cells (E. coli) by Heat shock method. The results of sequencing analysis (clone 6) using 5'AOX and 3'AOX primers indicate that DNA base sequence of human IFN-α2a genes has been subclone into pPICZαB vector (in frame). Recombinant plasmid (clone 6) linearized using BstX1 enzyme before transformed into X33 yeast cell. Transformation into cell was done by Electroporation. The X33 cell P. pastoris strain was used to express human interferon-α2a. X33 is strains with the phenotype Mut+ (methanol utilization plus) and can be used for positive transformants selection using zeocin. Phase protein production work using Mut+ strain occurred in two phases. The first phase is the use of glycerol to obtain a certain amount of biomass (high cell
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