Judul: Marketing Analysis of Beef Cattle in Napis Village, Tambakrejo District, Bojonegoro Regency, East Java.
Abstrak: Sapi potong merupakan salah satu dari delapan produk yang fokus dikembangkan sebagai bahan makanan pokok nasional untuk dikonsumsi dagingnya. Harga sapi potong cenderung berfluktuatif dan memilki marjin pemasaran yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemasaran dan tingkat efisiensi pemasaran. Metode penggumpulan data menggunakan simple random sampling untuk peternak dan snowball sampling untuk lembaga pemasaran. Hasil analisis menunjukan saluran yang relative lebih efisien adalah saluran 3 (peternak-pedagang pengumpul-pedagang pemotong lokal). Indikator efisiensi pemasaran adalah marjin pemasaran, farmer’s share, rasio keuntungan terhadap biaya, daya serap komoditas, fungsi-fungsi pemasaran, perilaku pasar, serta hubungan kerjasama antar lembaga yang terlibat dalam kegiatan pemasaran sapi potong di Desa Napis.
Keyword: Marketing efficiency, Beef cattle, Marketting channel, Cooperation relationship, Snowball sampling, Collecting breeders

Judul: Analisis Sistem Pemasaran Sapi Potong di Kota Depok
Abstrak: Terdapat penawaran dan permintaan sapi potong di Kota Depok sehingga membentuk suatu proses pemasaran. Besarnya selisih harga sapi potong ditingkat peternak dengan harga yang diperoleh konsumen perlu diteliti apakah sesuai dengan fungsi pemasaran dan biaya yang terdapat disepanjang saluran pemasaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi saluran dan fungsi pemasaran yang dijalankan lembaga pemasaran sapi potong di Kota Depok, serta menganalisis efisiensi pemasaran sapi potong di Kota Depok berdasarkan nilai margin pemasaran, persentase farmer’s share, dan nilai rasio keuntungan terhadap biaya. Responden dalam penelitian terdiri dari 23 peternak sapi potong yang ditentukan dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling, selanjutnya 5 pedagang besar dan 5 pedagang kecil responden diperoleh melalui metode snowball sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer berupa hasil wawancara, dilengkapi oleh data sekunder berupa kajian terhadap informasi pustaka yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat empat saluran pemasaran sapi potong di Kota Depok. Saluran pemasaran I dan III sebagai saluran pemasaran paling efisien memiliki nilai margin pemasaran rendah, nilai farmer’s share tinggi, dan nilai rasio keuntungan terhadap biaya >1., There is supply and demand for beef cattle in Depok City, thus forming a marketing process. The magnitude of the difference between the price of beef cattle at the farmer level and the price obtained by consumers needs to be investigated, whether it is by the marketing function and costs that exist along the marketing channel. This study aims to identify marketing channels and functions run by beef cattle marketing institutions in Depok City and analyze the marketing efficiency of beef cattle in Depok City based on the marketing margin, farmer's share percentage, and the value of the profit-to-cost ratio. Respondents in the study consisted of 23 beef cattle breeders who were determined using the purposive sampling method, then 5 large traders and 5 small traders respondents were obtained through the snowball sampling method. This study uses primary data in the form of interviews and supplemented by secondary data in the form of a survey of relevant library information. The research shows that there are four marketing channels for beef cattle in Depok City. Marketing channel I and III as the most efficient marketing channel has a low marketing margin, a high farmer's share value, and a profit-to-cost ratio >1.
Keyword: efficiency, margin, livestock, marketing channels

Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell