Judul: Pengaruh Dukungan Sosial Keluarga dan Pengasuhan Kemandirian Ibu terhadap Kemandirian Anak Usia Prasekolah.
Abstrak: Kemandirian merupakan bagian dari perkembangan sosial yang penting untuk dicapai oleh anak usia prasekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kemandirian anak. Contoh dan lokasi penelitian dipilih secara purposive. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Ciasmara, Kecamatan Pamijahan, Kabupaten Bogor. Kriteria contoh dalam penelitian ini ialah anak usia prasekolah yang bersekolah di PAUD Mawar dan PAUD Nurul Fazriah Al- Hasanah dan memiliki ibu sebagai pengasuh utama. Contoh terdiri atas 36 ibu dan 36 anak. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square, uji korelasi Pearson, dan uji regresi linear berganda. Hasil uji chi-square menunjukkan bahwa jenis kelamin berhubungan dengan pengasuhan kemandirian. Hasil uji korelasi Pearson menunjukkan bahwa pengasuhan kemandirian ibu berhubungan positif signifikan dengan kemandirian anak. Penelitian ini menemukan pengaruh positif pengasuhan kemandirian ibu dan usia ibu terhadap kemandirian anak, serta menemukan pengaruh negatif usia ayah dan usia anak terhadap kemandirian anak.
Keyword: anak usia prasekolah, dukungan sosial keluarga, kemandirian, pengasuhan kemandirian ibu

Judul: Gaya Pengasuhan, Hubungan Guru-Anak, dan Kemandirian Anak Usia Prasekolah di Wilayah Miskin Perkotaan
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh gaya pengasuhan, hubungan guru-anak, terhadap kemandirian anak usia prasekolah di wilayah miskin perkotaan yaitu di Kelurahan Empang dan Kelurahan Tegallega, Kota Bogor. Penelitian ini melibatkan 50 orang anak yang dipilih secara purposive dengan ketentuan anak usia prasekolah berasal dari keluarga pra sejahtera atau sejahtera I, mengikuti program PAUD, dan ibu sebagai pengasuh utama. Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik wawancara menggunakan kuesioner dan observasi.Data dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson dan regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan separuh dari ibu menerapkan gaya pengasuhan pelatih emosi, sebagian besar anak berada pada dimensi kedekatan dengan guru, dan kemandirian anak menyebar hampir sama banyak pada kategori sedang dan tinggi. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kemandirian secara positif adalah usia ayah, besar keluarga, dan hubungan guru-anak, sedangkan yang memengaruhi kemandirian secara negatif adalahusia ibu. Kemandirian pada penelitian ini dipengaruhi oleh 26.0 persen oleh variabel yang diteliti.
Keyword: Gaya pengasuhan, hubungan guru-anak, kemandirian

Judul: Extracellular Expression of thermostable Geobacillus stearothermophilus T1.2RQ Lipase for Biodiesel Production
Abstrak: The extracellular expression of enzymes in an excellent secretion host such as Bacillus subtilis is a useful strategy for making enzymes of industrial significance more affordable by lowering the cost of its downstream processing. Lipases are a category of hydrolases that catalyze the hydrolysis of triglycerides to glycerol and free fatty acids. Also, lipases catalyze the hydrolysis and transesterification of other esters as well as the synthesis of esters. They can perform very specific biotransformation reactions and are widely used in food, organic synthesis, detergents, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Geobacillus stearothermophilus T1.2RQ lipase is an industrially-desired thermostable lipolytic enzyme with an excellent hydrolytic and transesterification activity. This study aimed to express T1.2RQ lipase, in B. subtilis WB800 and ensure its secretion into the extracellular medium. Three signal peptides (AmyQ, Epr, LipA) and two promoters (Pgrac01 and Pgrac100) were used in the secretory-expression of T1.2RQ lipase, based on five constructed expression vectors constructed by restriction cloning and PCR mutagenesis. Sangers sequencing was used to verify constructs to ensure they are in the correct reading frame. Recombinants vectors, pHT43 (plasmid control), pHT43-T1.2RQ, pHT43- T1.2RQ_AmyQ, pHT43-T1.2RQ_Epr, and pHT43-T1.2RQ_LipA, were transformed by electroporation into Bacillus subtilis WB800. The electroporation was successful with the optimum condition of 2500V, 200 ohms, 25µF, and 5milliseconds. Recombinant B. subtilis pHT43 (negative control) and pHT43-T1.2RQlip + signal peptides were streaked on the lipidic agar, LA+TBN. All four recombinants, including the negative control (B. subtilis WB800-pHT43), produced clear zones on the TBN agar plate after overnight incubation (fig 2), indicating the presence of a lipolytic enzyme in all of the recombinant B. subtilis cells. pHT43-T1.2RQlip + signal peptides (AmyQ, Epr, and LipA) have clear zones with significantly higher diameters than B. subtilis WB800-pHT43 (negative control). This phenomenon suggests that the recombinant thermostable lipase T1.2RQ introduced into these cells was successfully expressed, thereby increasing the lipolytic capability of its host cells T1.2RQ lipase was expressed in 50ml terrific broth medium (TB) and the expression induced with 1mM IPTG. Lipase activity assay using p-nitrophenyl esters showed that all three signal peptides directed the secretion of T1.2RQ lipase into the extracellular medium. Signal peptide, LipA, resulted in the highest extracellular activity of 5.6 U/mL, which corresponds to a 6-fold increase over the parent B. subtilis WB800 strain. Meanwhile, signal peptides, AmyQ and Epr produced 4.2 U/mL and 3.4 U/mL activity respectively. SDS-Zymogram analysis confirmed that T1.2RQ lipase was correctly processed and secreted in its original size of 44 kDa. An attempt to further increase lipase expression level by promoter optimization showed that, contrary to expectation, promoter Pgrac100 exhibited similar expression levels as the original Pgrac01. Nevertheless, the demonstration of the successful secretion of T1.2RQ lipase in this work confirms the latter as a promising approach for the industrial production of the enzyme
Keyword: Bacillus subtilis, Expression, Extracellular, Heterologous, Lipase, Thermostable