Judul: Overview of Potential Amyloidopathy in Renal Mice (Mus musculus) After Injected by Amyloid Beta 40 and 42
Abstrak: Penyakit alzheimer merupakan gangguan neurodegeneratif yang ditandai dengan penurunan fungsi serta kerusakan pada jaringan otak secara permanen. Penyakit alzheimer akan bertambah kronis seiring berjalannya waktu dan hingga saat ini belum ditemukan obat yang dapat menyembuhkan penyakit ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perubahan yang terjadi pada organ ginjal mencit secara histopatologi setelah disuntikan dengan antigen Aβ 40 dan Aβ 42 sebagai marka dari penyakit neurogeneratif tipe Alzheimer. Sepuluh ekor mencit Balb/c (kontrol n=2, Aβ40 n=4, Aβ42 n=4) berumur 6 minggu digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Mencit dinekropsi kemudian diambil organ ginjalnya untuk dijadikan preparat histopatologi dengan pewarnaan Hematoksilin Eosin. Variabel yang diamati berupa adanya perubahan pada sel-sel ginjal dan data dianalisa secara deskriptif. Hasil pengamatan terhadap perubahan patologi terhadap sel-sel organ ginjal mencit memperlihatkan adanya lesi berupa pelebaran ruang bowman dan degenerasi hidropis pada tubulusnya. Penyuntikkan protein Aβ 40 dan 42 menyebabkan kerusakan pada sel-sel tubulus ginjal mencit.
Keyword: Alzheimer’s disease, Amyloid-Beta 40, Amyloid Beta 42, Renal Histopathology

Judul: Visualization of Amyloidopathy on Renal Mice After Immunized by Amyloid Beta-42
Abstrak: Penyakit Alzheimer merupakan jenis demensia berupa gangguan neurodegeneratif progresif pada lansia, yang ditandai adanya senile plaque dan neurofibrillary tangles di otak. Ginjal merupakan organ vital yang berpotensi mengalami kerusakan akibat retensi amyloid beta-42 (Aβ42). Studi ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi amyloidopathy pada jaringan ginjal mencit yang terbagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu mencit yang diimunisasi Aβ42 (n=6) dan kontrol (n=8). Pengamatan histopatologis jaringan ginjal dilakukan dengan pewarnaan Hematoksilin Eosin. Temuan lesio dianalisis secara deskriptif dan semikuantitatif. Berdasarkan pengamatan yang dilakukan, ditemukan lesio patologis peradangan interstisial dengan sel peradangan limfosit, sel plasma, dan makrofag, serta kongesti dan hemoragi pada organ ginjal mencit perlakuan maupun kontrol. Organ ginjal mencit perlakuan yang diamati tidak menunjukkan adanya lesio sklerosis glomerulus, maupun fibrosis interstisial dan atrofi tubulus. Temuan ini diharapkan dapat melengkapi informasi mengenai penggunaan mencit sebagai hewan model penyakit Alzheimer serta membantu dalam pengembangan kit diagnostik. Kata kunci: amiloidosis, ginjal, histopatologi, mencit, penyakit alzheimer, Alzheimer’s disease is a type of dementia in the form of a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that happens in the old age, marked with the existence of senile plaque and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Kidneys are the vital organs which may have potential to get affected by the brain damage that is caused by amyloid beta-42 (Aβ42) retention. The aim of this study was to identify the amyloidopathy on mice renal tissues which is divided into two groups; the immunized mice by Aβ42 (n=6), and controls (n=8). Histopathological observations of renal tissue were carried out by using Hematoxylin Eosin staining. The lesion findings were then analyzed descriptively and semiquantitatively. Based on the observations, pathological lesions of interstitial inflammation that were filled with lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages inflammatory cells, congestion, and hemorrhage were also identified in both treated and control mice renal tissues. The observed renal organs on the treated mice did not show glomerular sclerosis lesions, nor interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy. These findings are expected to complete the information regarding the use of mice as model organism of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and assist in developing a diagnostic kit for AD. Keywords: alzheimer’s disease, amyloidosis, histopathology, kidneys, mice.
Keyword: amiloidosis, ginjal, histopatologi, mencit, penyakit alzheimer, alzheimer's disease, amyloidosis, histopathology, kidneys, mice

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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