Judul: Analisis Portofolio Saham–Saham Terpilih Indeks LQ 45
Abstrak: Investment objective is to get a great rate of return. The higher the expected return, the higher the risk. Investment risk can be minimized by establishing an investment portfolio. Stock is one investment option.Research objectives are, (1) to analyze the return value and the risk of a stock portfolio combinations of stocks chosen by Mean Variance and Mean Absolute Deviation method, (2) to analyze Value at Risk of a portfolio of stocks that is formed, (3) to analyze the correlation between the portfolio return calculation of Mean Variance and Mean Absolute Deviation method as well as the correlation between the portfolio risk calculation of Mean Variance and Mean Absolute Deviation method, and (4) to analyze the differences in calculating portfolio return of Mean Variance and Mean Absolute Deviation method as well as calculating the difference between the portfolio risk of Mean Variance and Mean Absolute Deviation method. This study consists of four investment scenarios. Each scenario consists of 84 portfolios, which are formed from three selected stocks. Stocks selected from LQ 45 period from February to July 2013. The selected stocks are LSIP, ITMG, INTP, ASII, GGRM, LPKR, JSMR, BBNI, and UNTR. Stocks have been because these stocks stable at LQ 45 for 3 years and has the highest return on the value of each sector. Proportion of investment in the first scenario and three scenarios at all equal stocks, namely 33,33%. Secondscenario and the fourth scenario, the proportion of the value of the investment depends on the ranking of stock returns in each portfolio. Stocks that have the highest proportion of the value of its investment return is 50%, then to the second rank, the proportion of 30% of the investment value and the smallest proportion of 20% of its investment. The data used in the first scenario and the second scenario is the monthly stock price data from the year 2008 to 2012. While the data used in the third and fourth scenario is the daily stock price data for 100 days from January - June 2013. Portfolios are formed calculated values return and risk based scenarios created by the method of mean variance and mean absolute deviation. The resulting portfolio return value in all scenarios is higher than return value of the constituent stocks. Value return who generated method of mean variance equal with the mean absolute deviation.Valueof the portfolio risk generated by mean variance is smaller than value of risk generated by the mean absolute deviation. Value of portfolio risk in the first and second scenario almost all less than value of the risk of its constituent stocks. Therisk value of the portfolio at second and third scenario is greater than risk of its constituent stocks. Proportion value of investment and the amount of of data which used one of the factors determinants of value of risk the portfolio. This study also examined the maximum risk value generated by portfolios formed according to the four scenarios. Maximum risk value or commonly referred to as value at risk searched by covariance methode. Portfolios formed by stocks that have great
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Judul: Efficient Frontier Method for the Analysis  of Return on Stock Portfolio Risk in Several Sectors
Abstrak: Pasar modal memiliki pengaruh penting dalam perekonomian di Indonesia. Minat masyarakat untuk berinvestasi semakin meningkat didukung dengan kemudahan akses dalam berinvestasi. Instrumen investasi yang memiliki kapitalisasi paling besar ialah saham. Saham diklasifikasikan menurut sektor industri. Perlu dilakukan analisis portofolio saham sektor agar bisa diketahui potensi imbal hasil dan risiko dari portofolio saham sektor. Data yang digunakan untuk portofolio saham sektor terdiri dari saham sektor pertambangan (ADRO), saham sektor aneka industri (ASII), saham sektor properti (PWON), dan saham sektor keuangan (BMRI) dengan periode 1 Januari 2015 – 31 Desember 2019. Dilakukan pemodelan ARMA-GARCH untuk menghilangkan efek autokorelasi pada data dan heteroskedastisitas pada galat. Setelah itu dilakukan pemodelan copula untuk membentuk fungsi sebaran bersama galat baku. Selanjutnya dibuat grafik efficient frontier dari kedua portofolio dan dianalisis dengan asumsi imbal hasil maksimum, risiko minimum, dan reward-to-variability ratio maksimum. Hasil analisis tersebut menunjukkan portofolio aset berisiko saham sektor dapat disusun dengan 3 kemungkinan kriteria disesuaikan dengan preferensi dari investor menurut tingkat toleransinya terhadap risiko. Portofolio aset berisiko saham sektor dikombinasikan dengan aset bebas risiko membentuk portofolio lengkap., The capital market has an important impact on the economy in Indonesia. Public interest in investing is increasing supported by easy access to investing. The investment instrument that has the largest capitalization is shares. Shares classified according to industrial sectors. It is necessary to analyze sectoral stock to know potential yield risks from them. The data used for the sectoral stock portfolio consists of mining sector shares (ADRO), miscellaneous industry sector shares (ASII), property sector shares (PWON), and financial sector shares (BMRI) for the period January 1st 2015 - December 31st 2019. ARMA-GARCH modeling was carried out to eliminate the effects of autocorrelation on data and heteroscedasticity on errors. After that, copula modeling was carried out to form a distribution function with standard errors. Furthermore, efficient frontier graphs of the portfolio were made and analyzed with the assumption of maximum return, minimum risk, and maximum reward-to-variability ratio. The results of the analysis show that sectoral stock portfolios can be arranged with three possible criteria that are adjusted to the preferences of investors according to their level of rsik tolerance. Sectoral stock portfolios can be combined with risk-free asset to form a complete portfolio.
Keyword: efficient frontier, return, risk, sectoral stocks

Judul: Karakteristik Anatomi Skelet Kepala Buaya senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii).
Abstrak: Buaya sepit atau senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii) merupakan jenis buaya asli Indonesia yang berhabitat di sungai-sungai Sumatera, Kalimantan, dan juga pedalaman Sulawesi. Salah satu ciri khas buaya senyulong adalah bentuk moncong yang runcing dan sempit, namun hingga saat ini informasi mengenai struktur skelet kepala buaya senyulong sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik anatomi skelet kepala buaya senyulong yang dikatikan dengan fungsi dan perilakunya. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksploratif dengan melakukan pengamatan, pencatatan, dan pengambilan gambar dari skelet kepala buaya senyulong. Skelet kepala berukuran panjang 70 cm, lebar 29 cm, dan tingggi 17 cm dengan permukaan kasar pada os nasale, os frontale, os maxilla, os mandibula, os lacrimale, os jugale. Jumlah gigi pada buaya ini sebanyak 78 buah, terdiri dari 4 buah gigi premaxila, 16 buah gigi maxila, dan 19 buah gigi mandibula. Pada regio orbitalis ditemukan dua pasang fenestrae temporales yang berkembang baik. Fenestra supratemporale merupakan lubang oval yang membentang di sepanjang os parietale. Fenestra infratemporale berbentuk segitiga dan dibatasi oleh os squamosum, os postorbitale, os jugulare, dan os quadratum. Os mandibula hewan ini mempunyai symphysis mandibularis yang panjang yaitu garis yang melintang di corpus mandibulae. Secara fungsional ukuran symphysis mandibularis berkaitan dengan adaptasi hewan terhadap diet makan.
Keyword: kepala, moncong, Tomistoma schlegelii