Judul: Pengaruh Pemberian Formula Ekstrak 4 Tanaman Obat (Temulawak, Sambiloto, Meniran, Temu Ireng) terhadap Gambaran Histopatologi Bursa Fabricius Ayam Broiler
Abstrak: The objective of this research is to elaborate the effects of four medicinal plants extract formulas on histopatological lesions of chicken bursa of Fabricius by examine the general lesions and measuring the area of plicae and the area of lymphoid follicles. Twenty five heads of day old chick’s were divided into five groups treatments, there were combination of (1) F1: Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb., Andrographis paniculata Nees., Phyllanthus niruri Linn. and Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. extract; (2) F2: Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb., Phyllanthus niruri Linn., and Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. extract; (3) F3: Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb. and Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb extract; (4) F4: Phyllanthus niruri Linn. and Andrographis paniculata Nees. extract; and (5) untreated as control. The chikens were treated for 4 weeks. Result showed that there were general lesions in all treatment groups. Mild formation of cysts and deplesion of follicles were detected. Total area of follicles was increased in F3 and F4 group compared to the control groups, while the F4 group was the highest (P<0.05) in total area of follicles compared to other treated groups. We concluded that all formulas of the medicinal plants were not make histopatological lesions to chicken bursa of fabricius and the F4 group is the best formulation to increased the total area of follicles.
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Judul: Pengaruh Formula Ekstrak 4 Tanaman Obat Terhadap Gambaran Histopatologi Limpa Ayam Broiler
Abstrak: This research was aimed to elaborate the effects of four medicinal plants extract formulas (Temulawak/Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb., Temu Ireng/Curcuma aureginosa Roxb., Meniran/Phyllanthus niruri Linn., and Sambiloto/Andographis paniculata Ness.) on histopathological lesions of chicken’s spleen by examine the general lesions and measuring cell density on white pulp. Twenty five of day old chicks were divided into five groups with various treatments. The treatments were: (1) F1: Temulawak, Temu Ireng, Meniran, and Sambiloto; (2) F2: Temulawak, Temu Ireng, and Meniran; (3) F3: Temulawak and Temu Ireng; (4) F4 Meniran and Sambiloto; and (5) control. The chickens were treated for 28 days. All birds were necropsied then the spleen was processed for histopathological slides using Hematoxylin Eosin staining. Cell density on white pulp areas was examined by computer software MacBiophotonic ImageJ®. The result showed there were formation of secondary follicles on all groups. White pulp cells increased significanly in F2 and F3 compared to the control and other treated groups (p< 0.05). We concluded that 4 medicinal plants were not make pathological effect to chicken spleen. Curcuminoids, flavonoids, and phylanthines of medicinal plants in F2 and F3 may induced lymphoid cells proliferation in white pulp.
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Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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