Judul: Process-Based Modelling of Growth and Carbon Sequestration of Young Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.)
Abstrak: The objectives of the research are : 1 ) To understand the processes in phenology, growth, and water balance of teak and its interaction with environmental factors, as the basis for designing quantitative relationships in modelling activity, 2) To caiibrate a process-based model that can describe the relationship between teak growth and soil water availability, 3) To predict the carbon sequestration of teak. The research consists of a modelling project and a field experiment to obtain model parameters. The model consists of three sub-models, 1.e. development, growth, and soil water balance. The objective of the mdel is to simulate teak growth, development and carbon sequestration as affected by soil moisture regime and weather variables. The model predicts individual teak growth, development and carbon sequestration on a daily time step. The field experiment was conducted for two years in Jakarta, with three levels of irrigation: control (0) , 7 and 14 mm day-' to reflect varymg seasonal water regime. The measurements included pheno fogy,i. e. : leaf emergence and drop, growth, i. e. : biomass production, arbon content, w d density, stem height diameter and volume, leaf number and leaf area index, climate variabies, i.e. : rainfall and solar radiation, and soil water content. The climatological data to run the model was obtained from the Climatological Station at Pondok Betung, Tangerang, Province of Banten, Indonesia. The results show that soil water availability affected teak development and growth. Leaf emerged regularly after reaching a thermal unit of 265 dd in the nonwater deficit condition. Leaf dropped regularly in wet and dry seasons after reaching a thermal unit of 460 dd. Water deficit inhibited leaf emergence and fasten leaf drop for the plants that always received excessive water input. Water deficit reduced biomass production, stem diameter and height, stem volume, light use efficiency. leaf number and leaf area index. Water availability did not affect carbon sequestration by teak. The excessive of water tended to reduce wood density. As water deficit affected growth and development, biomass prduction in the model was corrected by a water availability factor. The water availability factor used in this model is the ratio of actual and maximum transpiration. The process-based model built in this research can describe the dynamics of early growth stage of teak especially for leaf emergence, stem diameter, height, wood volume and soil moisture content. The model is sensitive to water availability but still cannot describe adequately the dynamics of biomass and carbon content, leaf area index and number. The water availability factor is not enough to describe it. The mdel needs to be improved and validated with a different data set.
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Judul: Persamaan Alometrik Biomassa dan Massa Karbon Akar Pohon Jati (Tectona grandis Linn f.) di KPH Balapulang, Kabupaten Tegal, Jawa Tengah
Abstrak: Global warming isa phenomenon where the global temperature is increasing due to the green house effect (GHE) resulted from the increase in GHE emission in the atmosphere. Forests play an important role in climate change issues, especially for absorbing CO2 gas from the atmosphere. Tectona grandis Linn. f, known as jati (teak) in Indonesia, is the kind of wood which economically has a high value and is in high demand. Teak is mostly grown on Java Island; therefore, it is necessary to find out the biomass and carbon mass. The carbon is stored in the stem, branch, twig, leaf, and root. Out of the five parts, the hardest is to estimate biomass and carbon mass in root because it is located in the ground and has unreachable root branches, so that it takes a longer time and much money to count biomass and carbon mass in root. After learning the relation model of alometric equation of biomass and carbon mass in root, it is expected that the model can be used to estimate biomass and carbon mass in a tree without having to dig the root. The equation models of alometric biomass in teak root in this study showed that: the relation between root biomass and total tree biomass above ground was BA= 0,221BT0,936, the relation between root biomass and stem biomass was BA= 0,489BU0,842, and the relation between root biomass and the biomass of branch and twig was BA=1,448BC1,21, therelation between root biomass and leaf biomass was BA= 5,977BD1,25. The equation models of alometric carbon mass in teak root in relation with the carbon mass in the tree parts were as follows: root carbon mass and total tree carbon mass above ground was MA= 0,2033MT0,947, root carbon mass and stem carbon mass was MA= 0,430MB0,853, root carbon mass and the carbon mass of branch and twig was MA= 1,448MC1,22, and root carbon mass and leaf carbon mass was MA= 5,977MD1,28. Based on the models, the best model for estimating teak root biomass was BA= 0,221BT0,936 and the best model for estimating the carbon mass of teak root was MA= 0,2033MT0,947.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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