Judul: Exploration of  neozygitessp.  (zygomycotina: entomophthorales)  on carrot aphid,  green onion,  and  cucumber  at  Bogor
Abstrak: Kutudaun merupakan salah satu hama penting pada tanaman sayuran. Serangan kutudaun terlihat cukup tinggi pada tanaman wortel, bawang daun dan mentimun. Cendawan Entomothorales diketahui dapat menjadi penyebab patogen pada beberapa serangga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan menghitung tingkat infeksi Neozygites sp. (Zygomycotina: Entomothorales) pada kutudaun wortel, bawang daun dan mentimun di Bogor, Jawa Barat. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan bahan pertimbangan penggunaan cendawan tersebut sebagai agens pengendali hayati pada kutudaun. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Mei 2014 sampai Agusutus 2014. Pengambilan sampel kutudaun pada tanaman wortel dan bawang daun dilakukan di Desa Tugu Selatan, Cisarua, Bogor sedangkan pengambilan sampel kutudaun pada tanaman mentimun dilakukan di Desa Taman Sari, Taman Sari, Bogor. Pengambilan sampel kutudaun dilakukan seminggu 1 kali selama 4 minggu. Sampel kutu yang diperoleh dari lapang dimasukkan ke dalam alkohol 70%, selanjutnya sampel kutudaun dibuat preparat dengan larutan lactophenol-cottonblue. Preparat kutudaun diidentifikasi menggunakan mikroskop cahaya untuk mengetahui fase cendawan yang menginfeksi kutudaun yaitu hyphal bodies, primary conidia, secondary conidia, saprophytic fungi dan resting spores. Fase Neozygites sp. yang ditemukan adalah badan hifa, konidia primer, konidia sekunder dan cendawan saprofitik. Rata -rata tingkat infeksi tertinggi terjadi pada kutudaun mentimun sebesar (64.65%) dan rata-rata tingkat infeksi terendah terjadi pada kutudaun bawang daun sebesar (6.43%), Aphids are considered as ones of the important pests in vegetable crops. The aphid populations were relatively high on carrot, green onion and cucumber as well. Entomophthoralean fungi have been known as the pathogenic fungi in some insects. The objective of this research was to explore and determine the infection levels of Neozygites sp. (Zygomycotina: Entomothorales) on carrot aphid, green onion, and cucumber at Bogor. The results of this research can be considered to use these entomophthoralean fungus as one of biological control agents on aphids. The research was conducted from May until August 2014. The carrot aphids and the green onion aphids were sampled in Tugu Selatan village, Cisarua, Bogor. On the other hand, the cucumber aphids were sampled in Taman Sari village, Taman Sari, Bogor. Aphids were sampled 1 time weekly for 4 weeks. The samples were preserved in 30 ml screw cup vials filled with 70% alcohol. These were later will be processed in the laboratory to confirm presence of the fungi. Microscope slide squash mounts in lactophenol cotton blue were made for the aphids on each plant to determine if secondary conidia, hyphal bodies, conidiophores, primary conidia, and resting spores were present. The Neozygites sp. development stage were found on aphids were hyphal bodies, primary conidia, secondary conidia and saprophytic fungi. The highest fungus infection levels occurred on cucumber aphid (64.65%) and the lowest fungus infection levels occurred on green onion aphid (6.43%)
Keyword: agens pengendali hayati, entomophthorales, kutudaun, sayuran

Judul: Eksplorasi Cendawan Entomophthorales pada Beberapa Spesies Kutuputih dan Kutukapuk pada Berbagai Tanaman Hias di Bogor dan Cianjur
Abstrak: The ornamental plants are the ones of the high economic valued horticultural crops that have beauty and a certain appeal. However, there are several problems of the cultivation efforts to meet consumen desire to face a variety of problems, especially plant pests (OPT), such as insect pests, fungi, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes. The mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) and ground pearls (Hemiptera: Margarodidae) have been considered as the important pests causing seriously problems in ornamental plants. The objective of this research was to explore the Entomophthoralean fungi associated with several species of mealybugs and ground pearls. The insects were sampled from September 2012 until February 2013, at the Village Babakan raya (District Darmaga) and Cibeber District, Cianjur. There were five sampled ornamental plants. Fifty insects were sampled from each plant. The samples were preserved in 30 ml screw cup vials filled with 70% alcohol. These were later processed in the laboratory to confirm presence of entomophthorealan fungus. Microscope slide squash mounts in lactophenol cotton blue were made for the insects on each plant. Each insect was examined with a microscope to determine if secondary conidia, hyphal bodies, conidiophores, primary conidia, and resting spores were present. Developmental stages of the fungus founded were hyphal bodies, primary conidia, secondary conidia, and saprophytic fungi. The fungus infection in mealybug and ground pearls was very different. There was no fungus infection on the ground pearls scoop in ornamental plant, jasmine and anthurium. The entomophthoralean fungus occurred on mealybug in the garden croton, Aspar and Agave with high levels of fungus infection.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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