Judul: Evaluasi Dinamika Cadangan Karbon Tetap pada Hutan Gambut Primer dan Bekas Terbakar di Hampangen dan Kalampangan, Kalimantan Tengah
Abstrak: Analysis of Fixed Carbon Stock at Primary and Burnt Peat Forest in Hampangen and Kalampangan, Central Kalimantan.
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Judul: Pendugaan simpanan karbon yang terikat di areal hutan bekas kebakaran PT. Ratah Timber, Kalimantan Timur
Abstrak: Forest is one of natural resources that can be renewable and essential for human life. Forest fire is one of the disorders that occur in the forest. Forest fires cause reduced carbon stored in forests. This study aims to estimate the carbon bound stored in forestland after forest fires in PT. Ratah Timber, East Kalimantan. In this research, carbon bound storage prediction using destructive methods. Data were collected with a plot size 20 m x 50 m in the area of former forest fire as many as 30 pieces. Data was collected base on type of tree, diameter at breast height (dbh), tree height and wet weight. The samples taken are examples of trees with a diameter of 5-9 cm by 30 samples. Dry weight samples were obtained from measurements in the laboratory. Biomass estimators model used is the model by using variable diameter and total height that is B = 0,113501 D1, 22 T1,12. Carbon storage is obtained from half the value of biomass. The results showed that the bound total carbon stored in forestland after forest fires in PT. Ratah Timber, East Kalimantan used for 19,629 tons/ha and a whole area of 168,817 x 103 ton. Trees can provide carbon savings of 34,20 % of total carbon stored while the poles could contribute carbon savings of 33,66% of total carbon savings. Sapling also contribute enough carbon savings that is equal to 18,10% of the total carbon savings. Litters and under plants are also able to absorb carbon in forests. Litters is able to provide carbon deposits 13,05% of total carbon stored while under plant carbon deposits contribute 0,99% of total carbon savings. Saplings and poles contribute significant of saving carbon on the forest.
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Judul: Durability of Specific Immunoglobulin (Ig) Y Againts Influenza and Covid-19 in Sunscreen
Abstrak: The benefit of specific immunoglobulin Y (Ig Y) as an active ingredient in personal care products such as sunscreen has not been properly studied. Our study aims to evaluate the reliability of specific IgY against influenza and the COVID-19 virus in a sample sunscreen product. Specific IgY influenza and COVID-19 viruses were inserted in the sample sunscreen at two concentrations of 0.1% and 0.25%. Three treatments were observed: control (C) sunscreen without IgY, treatment 1 (T1) sunscreen with 0.1% IgY, and treatment 2 (T2) sunscreen with 0.25% IgY. Organoleptic observations were carried out to monitor changes in aroma, color, and texture, and sunscreen sampling was done every week for 6 weeks. The durability of IgY was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a neutralization assay. Organoleptic observation from weeks 1 to 6 showed consistency in its aroma, color, and texture. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization assay (NA) results of the T1 and T2 groups showed negative results except for sample T1 at week 5, which showed a positive result in the Influenza A ELISA. Based on the results, it seems that IgY concentrations of 0.1% or 0.25% were not optimal. However, this negative result might be due to low concentration of the IgY and the presence of beeswax, which inhibits IgY and causes it to dissolve in distilled water, thus preventing it from being detected in the assay.
Keyword: Immunoglobulin Y, Sunscreen, Influenza, COVID-19, Biological Activity