Judul: Kadar NH3 dan CH4 serta CO2 dari Petrnakan Broiler pada Kondisi Lingkungan dan Manajemen Peternakan yang Berbeda di Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: The development of broiler population may cause negative impact such as gases emission including of NH3, CH4, and CO2, for broiler, human and environment. The levels of NH3, CH4, and CO2 resulted from broiler house can be affected by microclimate condition. Information about the levels of NH3, CH4, and CO2 in broiler house in Bogor regency is still limited. The purpose of this research is to estimate the levels of NH3, CH4 dan CO2 inside and outside broiler houses at different environmental condition. This research was conducted on Bagus Farm that located in West Semplak, Kemang District, Bogor Regency (170 m above see level) and Ikhtiar Farm that located in Cikoneng Talang, Pamijahan District, Bogor Regency (520 m above sea level). This research was conducted during October until November 2010. The result shows that the levels of NH3, CH4, and CO2 in Bagus Farm was higher than Ikhtiar Farm. The level of NH3 is lower than standard of NH3 consisted in ambient air. The differentiation of NH3, CH4, and CO2 levels between Bagus Farm and Ikhtiar Farm can be influenced by some factors such as microclimate condition (temperature, humidity, and air velocity), housing management, feed nutrient, manure management and composition.
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Judul: Pendugaan emisi gas metan dan dinitrogen oksida dari berbagai jenis ternak di Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: The aim of these research was to observe the level of emission greenhouse gases from livestock sector in Bogor Regency. Various animal species used in this research were dairy cow, beef cattle, buffalo, swine, horse, and poultry. Data of livestock’s population in Bogor Regency were used for basic calculation. The data were collected from literature and direct observation collection through survey of animal characterization and manure management, inventory equation of emission greenhouse gas based on Intergovernmental Protocol of Climate Change (IPCC). Data were processed by Microsoft Excel. Model of calculation consist of model I and model II. Model I used IPCC default data, meanwhile model II used literature and survey data. Methane and dinitrogen oxide which was produce from livestock converted into carbon dioxide based on value of Global Warming Potential (GWP). The greenhouse gases emission in Bogor Regency were 201.46 Gg CO2 eq by model I and 170.21 Gg CO2 eq by model II. Animal which was produced GHG from the highest to the lowest by (model I and model II) were sheep (33% and 39%), dairy cow (21% and 9%), buffalo (16% and 18%), goat (12% and 17%), beef cattle (10%), poultry (6% and 7%), swine (1% and 0%), and horse (0%). The highest level of greenhouse gases emission was produced by Pamijahan District as many as 17.63 Gg CO2 eq (8.75%) by model I and 12.1 Gg CO2 eq (7.03%) by model II.
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Judul: Algoritme LLL dan Aplikasinya dalam Pembongkaran Sistemkripto Knapsack Merkle-Hellman
Abstrak: LLL algorithm is an algorithm that can be used to determine an approximation of the shortest vector in a lattice. Size reduction algorithm is an important step of LLL algorithm. The LLL algorithm can be applied in many elds. This paper shows how LLL algorithm can be used in breaking one of the famous cryptosystem, namely the Merkle-Hellman knapsack cryptosystem. Merkle-Hellman knapsack cryptosystem is an asymmetric cryptosystem using the subset sum problem as the support of security. Subset sum problem can be transformed into the problem of determining shortest vector in a lattice, so that LLL algorithm can also be used to solve the subset sum problem. Since the subset sum problem can be easily solved by applying LLL algorithm, then the Merkle-Hellman knapsack cryptosystem can also be easily be destructed.
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