Judul: Pemanenan dan tataniaga kroto sebagai pakan burung berkicau : Studi kasus di beberapa wilayah Jawa Barat dan DKI Jakarta
Abstrak: Kroto (larva Oecophylla smaragdina Fabr.) merupakan salah satu jenis makanan yang disukai oleh burung, terutama untuk jenis burung yang berkicau. Untuk mendapatkan kroto pada umumnya dilakukan dengan merusak sarangnya. Sedangkan pemasaran kroto pada umumnya dilakukan oleh pedagang kroto yang mendapatkan kroto tersebut dari para pencari kroto. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk (1) mengetahui sistem pemanenan kroto; (2) mengetahui tingkat supply dan demand kroto serta (3) mengetahui tataniaga kroto sebagai pakan burung berkicau. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 3 bulan, di wilayah Kabupaten Bogor (Desa Pabuaran dan Desa Candalih, Kec. Cimulang), Kabupaten Sukabumi (Desa Citepus, Kec. Pelabuhan Ratu), Kabupaten Cianjur (Desa Batula- wang, Kec. Cibinong) dan Kebun Binatang Ragunan untuk studi pemanenan kroto; sedangkan studi tataniaga kroto dilakukan di Pasar Ramayana Bogor, Pasar Merdeka Bogor, Pasar Burung Pramuka Jakarta, Kebun Binatang Ragunan dan Taman Burung Taman Mini Indonesia Indah (TMII). Obyek penelitian yang dilakukan adalah pohon yang terdapat kroto atau sarang semut rang-rang, produsen atau pencari kroto, pengumpul (bandar) kroto dan konsumen (pembeli) kroto. Metoda penelitian yang dilakukan adalah dengan cara wawan- cara dan pengamatan langsung di lapangan. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui, bahwa kroto yang dipasarkan terdiri dari 4 macam yaitu kroto basah, kroto halus, kroto kasar dan kroto kacang. Kroto basah digunakan untuk makanan burung, juga digunakan sebagai umpan untuk memancing ikan. Sedangkan ketiga macam kroto lainnya hanya digunakan sebagai makanan burung Kroto basah memiliki daya tahan yang lebih rendah daripada ketiga macam kroto lainnya. ...
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Judul: Perburuan dan Perdagangan Burung Air untuk Konsumsi di Desa Singakerta Kecamatan Krangkeng, Kabupaten Indramayu, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Area of West Java’s north shore has been well-known as waterbirds hunting site. The collecting and marketing centre is located in Singakerta Village. Continuous exploitation without applying sustainability principle will cause a serious threat to bird’s population in the wild. The objective of this research was to collect and to renew data and information about waterbird hunting and trading activities for consumption, as well as to reveal the socio-economic characteristics of community in Singakerta Village. Research was carried out in Singakerta Village, Krangkeng Regency, Indramayu District, West Java between December 2011 and February 2012. Data collected were waterbird species being hunted, trading activities and characteristics of community who involved in waterbird trading. Data were collected through literature study, direct observation and structured interview. Respondents were selected by purposive sampling method, were hunters (8 persons), collectors (3 persons), bird traders (12 persons) and consumers (30 persons). There were 26 species of birds (14.225 individuals) from 11 families captured during research period. Species from Rallidae family was mostly caught (7 species). The biggest number of bird captured was in January (averaged at 308 individuals/day). Migratory species that mostly caught was Yellow Bittern (Ixobrychus sinensis) (32,57%). Resident species that mostly captured was Common Moorhen (Gallinula chloropus) (10,20%). Bird hunting sites were including Singakerta Village, other Regencies in Indramayu District, Cirebon, Subang, Karawang, Majalengka, Central Java and even Lampung. Habitat type of bird hunting were rice fields and temporary embankment. Bird hunting basically was a side job of hunters. Approximately 47,06% of hunters use mist net for hunting and 67,00% of hunters have known about regulation on bird protected. Approximately 66,67% of fried bird sellers were residing in Cirebon area. Bird species that received less interest from consumer were Oriental Pratincole (Glareola maldivarum), Yellow Bittern (I. sinensis), Red Bittern (I. cinnamomeus), Dwarf Mouse-bird (Porzana pusilla) and Sandpipers (Tringa sp.). The deliciousness and low price of bird’s meat attracted consumers to consume the birds.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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