Judul: Studi Dampak Industri LNG terhadap Pembangunan Ekonomi Wilayah Aceh Utara
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakuakn di Kabupaten Aceh Utara bertujuan : ( 1 ) untuk mengetahui dampak industri LNG terhadap sektor-sektor perekonomian lainnya baik secara langsung atau tidak langsung, ( 2 ) untuk mengetahui sektor-sektor ekonomi mana yang mempunyai peranan besar dan masih potensial untuk dikembangkan dalam hubungannya dengan usaha meningkatkan pendapatan dan penyerapan tenaga kerja di wilayah Aceh Utara , ( 3 ) untuk mengetahui tingkat saling ketergantungan atau kaitan antar sektor-sektor ekonomi wilayah Aceh Utara.
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Judul: Analisis Keterkaitan Antar Sektor Ekonomi di Provinsi Aceh : Pendekatan Input-Output
Abstrak: The economic sectors have a crucial role in the development of both national and regional economy. A comprehensive and sustainable economic integration among all production sectors is the key to a successful economic development. In a market economy, an integrated economy can be seen when interaction occur among the economic players-buying and selling the input and output of production. The objectives of this research were to (1) analyze the contribution of economic sectors in the development of Aceh province, (2) analyze the linkage among the economic sectors in the development of Aceh province, (3) analyze the impact (multiplier) of changes in the final demand on output, income and labor in the economic sectors, and (4) analyze the impact of changes in the consumption expenditure of the household, government, and export on output, income and labor economic sectors. Input-output tables were used to analyze the magnitude of linkages among the sectors in the economic development of a region. The results showed that the gas mining sector in the economic sector with a relatively large role in the creation of output and added values in the economic development of Aceh province. In terms of the linkage level, the sector with the greatest value of direct backward linkage is the electricity sector, while the sector with the largest value of direct and indirect backward linkages are the industrial sectors of food, beverages and tobacco. Meanwhile, the sector with the biggest value of forward linkage is the trade sector, whereas the gas mining sector has the biggest value of direct and indirect forward linkage. Based on the output multiplier value, the output of food, beverages and tobacco industrial sectors have a relativey large value compared with the other economic sectors. As for the value of income multiplier, electricity sectors as well as industrial sectors of food, beverages and tobacco have relatively high multiplier values. In terms of the labor multiplier, the sector with a relatively high multiplier value is the milling industry of rice, grain and flour. Meanwhile, result simulation the scenario of first showed that increasing the number of output whole the economic sector has a relatively large compared with increase of income and labor. The result simulation the scenario of second showed that decrease consumption of the household and government there caused to decrease the number of output and labor in whole economic sector. While result simulation the scenario of third showed that if the export was raised, increasing the number of output is relatively larger than increase of income and labor. Of the three of simulations to increase the number of output be the third scenario is capable to producing the greatest number of output in whole economic sector.
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Judul: Categorization in Macaca fascicularis.
Abstrak: Categorization is an ability to group individuals or events into different classes mediated by conceptualized mental images. There are several levels of categorization and within a taxonomy the levels are nested. At the most concrete level of categorization, all or most members of the category shared common physical attributes that differ from other categories. The higher the level of category, the fewer common attributes between members of the group. In addition to humans, the ability to categorize has also been proposed in animals. One example of categorization in animal is species discrimination. Using matching-tosample task, present experiment tested ability of the long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) in discriminating dichotomous-stimuli of different animals. The species has been shown to be able to see photos as representations of real object so I used facial photos of humans and animals for the stimuli. First, I tested their ability to classify humans and macaques into separate group. Second, I tested their ability to discriminate their conspecific from other macaques. And the last, I tested whether the subjects were able to discriminate non-human animals from humans. In all of these experiments I found that the subjects showed high performance in categorizing objects, even when I discarded details of visual informations, such as color and local shapes. The ability to identify objects with reduced representation of physical properties means the subjects were able to generalize attributes of members of the group. This would indicate that the subjects created a higher level abstraction. On the other hand, in discriminating intrageneric macaque species I found that they were able to extract uniqueness of each species. More over, I also found that the subjects were able to put photos of non-human animals that shared very few similarities in physical percepts into one group. I suggested that the subjects could create a more abstract concept based on non-percepts relations as a basis to put the objects into one category. Thus, I concluded that M. fascicularis were able to perform multiple levels of categorizations.
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