Judul: Pemanfaatan luaran RegCM3 untuk kajian dampak perubahan iklim terhadap perubahan waktu dan pola tanam padi di Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Climate change could be indicated by the shifting in the patterns of climate variables, such as air temperature and rainfall in the long term. The changes of those two variables could affect water balance, which will impact agricultural management systems, especially related to planting time and cropping patterns. This research aims to study future climate change projections and their impact on the changing of planting time and cropping patterns in West Java. The analysis is based on the Thornhtwaite Mather water balance model calculated by using climate data from the output of regional climate model, namely RegCM3. The RegCM3 output shows a rainfall decrease in West Java ranging from 4.53% to 8.16%. The changes of rainfall pattern in the future are projected to increase during wet seasons and will decrease during transitional and dry seasons, with shorter rainfall peak of wet seasons and longer peak of dry seasons. The temperature in West Java is also projected to change in the future showed by a very significant increase compared to the reference period. Based on the observational data, the temperature trends in the region has showed an increase, ranging from 0.0174 °C/year to 0.0216 °C/year during 1985-1999 periods. Water balance are analyzed on three different areas in West Java based on the rainfall patterns defined by cluster analysis (cluster C1, C2, and C3). C1 rainfall pattern is a region with low rainfall, C2 with medium rainfall, and C3 with high rainfall. Based on the calculation of water balance in the future under SRES A1B scenario, it is shown that the planting time will be potentially delayed from 40 to 51 days especially in C1 and C2 regions, while there is no change of planting time in C3 region. In addition, the cropping pattern will also change in the future due to the change in water balance. Initial determination of growing season will experience a setback, which ranges from one to two of ten days period in C1 and C2 region with cropping patterns changing from paddy-paddy-fallow to paddy-fallow-fallow in C2 region.
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Judul: Determination of The Rice Cropping Calendar based on ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation) and IOD (Indian Ocean Dipole) phenomena in Monsoon and Equatorial Regions.
Abstrak: Increasing fluctuation and more frequent climate anomaly in the last decade due to ENSO and IOD phenomena has severe implications on food crops. Therefore, a sound planting season adaptation strategy is needed in the efforts to enhance sustainable food security. Research has been conducted in West Java (Monsoon rainfall pattern) and West Sumatera (Equatorial rainfall pattern)province. Analysis of the correlation between ENSO and the IOD with rainfall has been carried out to find the relationship between ENSO and the IOD with rainfall in the period from December to February, March to May, June to August, and September to November. Water Satisfaction Index and irrigation rice-field water balance was used to obtain optimal planting time. Artificial Neural Network was used to rainfall prediction for improvement of cropping pattern planning. Interviews with farmers to study the adaptation measures of farmers against the impact of drought. The spatial distribution of partial correlations between rainfalls with ENSO and IOD over West Sumatera and West Java indicated a significant impact on rainfall anomalies along the period of September – November. The ENSO and IOD events had a wider impact in West Java, which was known as a monsoon rainfall pattern especially over northern part of West Java. On the other hand, there was only a little impact of the ENSO and IOD on rainfall anomalies in the south-western West Sumatera. In the period of June-November the impact to rice- field in West Sumatera was only about 20% while, the impact in West Java could reach up to 80%. In the region affected by strong ENSO and IOD like Indramayu, impact of ENSO and IOD has delayed the peak of early planting by more than 6 dekads. The peak of early planting occurred in November III/ December I could reach up 30% due to ENSO and 35% due to IOD. The period-stratified ENSO variability had delayed planting time by 2 to 5 dekads in monsoon rainfall pattern (West Java) and 1 dekads in equatorial pattern (West Sumatera). Meanwhile, the period-stratified IOD variability in West Sumatera and West Java had delayed planting time by 1 to 2 dekads. Result of the prediction showed that the period of September 2010 to February 2011 was above normal. Wet conditions resulted in the potential of planting time 1 dekads earlier on rain-fed land and 2 dekads earlier on irrigated land than in normal conditions. Adaptation by farmers to climate anomalies was more apparent in a monsoon rainfall pattern area with various efforts in the utilization of water resources, i.e. pumping technology, the adjustment of planting time by 2-3 dekads and changing crop rotation from paddy-paddy-palawija into paddy-palawija.
Keyword: Curah Hujan

Judul: Trichomonas Gallinae Penyebab Trichomonosis Pada Unggas
Abstrak: Trichomonas gallinae adalah protozoa yang bergerak aktof dengan keempat flagella yang mempunyai layar dan pada salah satu sisinya terdapat membran seperti sirip ikan yang berombak. Spesies dari genus Trichomonas ini mempunyai arti penting pada unggas, karena dapat menyebabkan infeksi pada alat pencernaan bagian atas.
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