Judul: Pengaruh Karakteristik Habitat Ruang Terbuka Hijau terhadap Keanekaragaman Kupu-Kupu (Studi Kasus di Kebun Raya Bogor)
Abstrak: Bogor Botanical Garden (BBG) which functions as an ex-situ conservation places is one of the green open space (GOS) in Bogor and also home to many kinds of animals including butterflies. Butterfly serve as bioindicator of the ecological function of green open space. The purpose of this research was to determine diversity, eveness, and the similarity habitat use by butterflies on five habitat types in Bogor Botanical Garden in order to clarify the relationship between of biotic and abiotic factors in green open spaces and butterfly assemblages. This research was conducted from November to December 2011. Data collected were butterfly species and population, habitat characteristic, and vegetation analysis. Butterfly diversity was investigated by using line transect count method in five types of habitats which were surveyed in the morning (08:00-12:00) with three repetitions in the daytime under fine weather conditions. The following five transects were selected in this study: (1) Fruit plants habitat, (2) Mediterranean plants habitat, (3) Woody plants habitat, (4) Aquatic plants habitat, and (5) Garuda Garden. The diversity was calculated by using species diversity index (H’), eveness index (E) and similarity index (Sj). The relationships between biotic and abiotic factors to butterfly population were also determined. Based on survey in five sites, a total of 60 species belonging of five families : Papilionidae (7 species), Nymphalidae (33 species) Pieridae (13 species), Lycaenidae (6 species), and Hesperiidae (1 species) were captured and identified. Butterfly’s habitat preferences are: 1) The optimum temperature for a butterfly is between 28 0C-34 0C, 2) Buterflies originally found in relatively open habitats (large value of the GSF and small value of LAI), 3) Butterfly need a variety of larval host plant, nectar resources, and shelter, and 4) Have a water source, especially stagnant water source. This study shows that the provision of adequate nectar resources and larval host plant are likely to be essential to the successful conservation of butterfly species.
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Judul: Diversity of Butterflies at Three Locations with Different Environmental Characteristics in Bogor
Abstrak: Kupu-kupu merupakan serangga yang termasuk ke dalam organisme bioindikator lingkungan. Keberadaan kupu-kupu dipengaruhi oleh faktor biotik (vegetasi pakan ulat dan pakan kupu-kupu) dan abiotik (suhu udara, kelembapan udara, kecepatan angin, leaf area index, ketersediaan sumber air, dan pencemaran udara). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi kekayaan, keanekaragaman, dan kemerataan jenis kupu-kupu pada tiga lokasi di Bogor dan menganalisis hubungan antara komunitas kupu-kupu dengan dengan karakteristik lingkungan yang berbeda pada Kampus IPB, Jalan Jendral Sudirman, dan Jalan K.H. Tubagus Muhammad Falak. Penelitian menggunakan metode transek dan metode eksplorasi. Ditemukan 64 jenis kupu-kupu dari 5 famili yang terdiri atas 40 jenis di Kampus IPB, 24 jenis di Jalan K.H. Tubagus Muhammad Falak, dan 19 jenis di Jalan Jendral Sudirman. Karakteristik lingkungan Kampus IPB yang didukung oleh faktor vegetasi pakan ulat, kelembapan udara, dan leaf area index menjadikannya sebagai lokasi yang paling mendukung bagi kehidupan kupu-kupu. Jumlah jenis, kekayaan jenis dan keanekaragaman jenis kupu-kupu akan meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya ketersediaan vegetasi pakan ulat. Jumlah jenis akan meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya kelembapan udara hingga 85%., Butterflies are insects that have been depicted as environmental bioindicator organisms. The presence of butterflies is affected by biotic factors (host and food plants) and abiotic factors (air temperature, air humidity, wind speed, leaf area index, water sources, and air pollution). This study aims to identify the butterfly species richness, diversity, and evenness at three locations in Bogor and to analyze the association between buterfly community and the environmental characteristics at IPB University, Jendral Sudirman street, and K.H. Tubagus Muhammad Falak street, Bogor. Sample data were collected using the transect method and exploration method. There were 64 species from 5 families, consisting of 40 species on IPB University, 24 species on K.H. Tubagus Muhammad Falak street, and 19 species on Jendral Sudirman street. IPB University was found as the most suitable location that supports butterfly life cycle as their environmental characteristics are supported by their host plants, humidity, and leaf area index. The number, richness, and diversity of butterfly species will increase along with the increasing availability of host plants. Number of species will increase along as the humidity increases up to 85%.
Keyword: abiotic, bioindicator, biotic, butterfly, environmental characteristics

Judul: Membran Komposit Kitosan-Zeolit untuk Aplikasi Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
Abstrak: Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is a fuel cell that utilize methanol as the fuel source. The electrolyte membrane used in the DMFC system in this research was chitosan-zeolite composite membrane. The composite membrane was synthesized with chitosan-zeolite composition variation of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 2:1. The membranes were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope, and for the specific gravity. Membrane performances were tested with methanol uptake, methanol permeability, conductivity, and potential difference in the DMFC system. The FTIR spectrum showed no formation of new functional groups inducating that the composite membrane was a result of physical mixing. Morphological analysis showed that the membrane was nonporous. Chitosan-zeolite 1:3 composite membrane had the highest specific gravity and methanol uptake, 1.4226 g/mL and 41.44%, respectively. The highest proton conductivity was showed by the 1:2 chitosanzeolite composite membrane, namely 7.2946× 10-7 S/cm. Based on this research results, chitosan-zeolite composite membrane can be applied in DMFC system.
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