Judul: Struktur dan Strategi Nafkah Rumahtangga Pedagang Warung di Kawasan Wisata Alam Gunung Salak Endah Bogor
Abstrak: Livelihood strategies are always done by households to maintain their life in the midst of social, economic, and environmental change. This research was carried out in the natural tourism area of Mount Salak Endah focusing on households of small shop traders in Hot Water Lokapurna and Cigamea Waterfall. This research aimed to understand the household livelihood strategies of small shop traders in both research locations, to analyze livelihood structures based on farm, ecotourism, and non-farm nor ecotourism, and also to analyze structures and livelihood strategies of small shop traders in both research locations. This research used quantitative approach through questionnaires and qualitative approach through in-depth interview, observation, and analysis of relevant documents. The results showed various types of livelihood strategies that performed by households of small shop traders, livelihood structures of small shop traders which indicate level of incomes, and implication of structures and livelihood strategies of small shop traders towards ecotourism management.
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Judul: Analisis Struktur dan Strategi Nafkah Rumahtangga Petani Sekitar Kawasan Hutan Konservasi Di Desa Cipeuteuy, Kabupaten Sukabumi
Abstrak: Citizens in the Cipeuteuy village still dependent their life on agricultural activities. The land that used to be in the National Park of Halimun-Salak Mountain areas and use the system through the principe of loan use. The livelihood strategy by people living in this village not only from agricultural sector, but also non-agricultural sector. There are many ways to implement the livelihood strategy, ranging from one sector to intensify, diversify income or dual income patterns, to spatial engineering or migration. But all sectors of the fixed income performed using livelihood asset. Five livelihood asset are natural capital, social capital, human capital, financial capital, and physic capital used in such a way as to support the sustainability of their livelihood strategies. Even longer, people tend to be more dependent on non-agricultural sector. But base their breadwinners are farmers. It is conclude that there has been a social transformation where the value of agriculture to the community has decined.
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Judul: Pemurnian dan karakterisasi protein inhibitor RNA helikase virus hepatitis C
Abstrak: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the second most common chronic viral infection in the world with global prevalence. This infection is contribution to chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, often leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. There is no effective drug and vaccine available against HCV. The current standard treatment, a combination of pegylated interferon-α with ribavirin, is limited by its suboptimal response rate in a significant patient population, side effects, and affordability. Therefore, development of effective drug is needed. One approach to find out the candidate of antiviral drug is to discover the inhibitor of enzyme that essential for virus replication, such as RNA helicase. Streptomyces chartreusis 5-095 produce the inhibitor of HCV RNA helicase. The aim of this study was to purify the protein inhibitor which has inhibition activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV from S. chartreusis 5-095. The supernatant of culture S. chartreusis 5-095 exhibited high inhibiton activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV (approximately 72%) at 10 days of incubation. The extracellular protein inhibitor was partially purified by procedures of precipitation with ammonium sulfate to 65% saturation and gel filtration (Sephadex G50) using methanol water solution (4:6) as an eluen. The purity of protein inhibitor was monitored by SDS PAGE. The protein inhibitor showed a relative molecular mass were estimated to be 14 kDa and increased the purity 23,08 fold than those of the crude protein. The specific activity and IC50 after purification were 13,1338 U/mg and 0,0767 mg/mL, respectively. The activity of purified protein inhibitor showed its stability over pH range from 5-8 and optimum at pH 7,4. The inhibition activity showed its stability up to 70% at temperature 100 oC. The purified protein inhibitor relatively stable its activity at storage in the range of -20 oC to room temperature for 35 days.
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