Judul: Relation of Water Quality and Production Performance of Vaname Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) with Intensive System at BPBAP Takalar, South Sulawesi
Abstrak: Udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) memiliki lonjakan permintaan baik dari pasar lokal maupun pasar ekspor, dengan sistem budidaya udang vaname pada saat ini yaitu sistem intensif hingga supra intensif. Tingginya permintaan dan produksi udang sejalan dengan permasalahan yaitu penurunan kualitas air. Hubungan kualitas air sangat berpengaruh terhadap kinerja produksi sehingga perlu diperhatikan dan dijaga keseimbangannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kaitan kualitas air terhadap kinerja produksi pada tambak Divisi Pembesaran Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) di BPBAP Takalar, Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non eksperimental menggunakan data sekunder. Prosedur penelitian melakukan observasi lapangan, wawancara, dan menganalisis parameter kualitas air dengan kinerja produksi udang vaname. Parameter yang diamati yaitu laju pertumbuhan harian (LPH), kelangsungan hidup (KH), rasio konversi pakan (RKP), dan kualitas air. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan pemaparan grafik dan uji statistik principal component analysis (PCA) serta uji korelasi. Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukan nilai LPH, KH, dan RKP mengalami fluktuasi. Berdasarkan hasil uji PCA kualitas air yang memiliki hubungan terhadap LPH yaitu DO pagi, nitrit, nitrat, dan phospat sedangkan kinerja produksi KH dan RKP yang memiliki hubungan dengan alkalinitas, bahan organik, dan suhu pagi. Berdasarkan hasil uji korelasi kualitas air terhadap kinerja produksi dengan koefisien korelasi dan Sig(<0,05) dihasilkan LPH memiliki korelasi terhadap suhu sore dengan nilai (-0,045) (0,004), DO sore (0,669) (0,00), kecerahan (0,439) (0,005), nitrit (0,398) (0,011), nitrat (0,357) (0,024), dan bahan organic (-0,333) (0,036). Kualitas air yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap KH yaitu suhu pagi dengan nilai (0,340) (0,032) dan phospat (-0,343) (0,030). Hasil uji korelasi kualitas air terhadap RKP yang signifikan yaitu suhu pagi dengan nilai (0,324) (0,041) dan kecerahan (0,316) (0,047)., Vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) has a surge in demand from both the local and export markets, with the current vaname shrimp cultivation system, namely the intensive to supra intensive system. The high demand and production of shrimp is in line with the problem of decreasing water quality. Water quality correlation of aquaculture environment have impact to production performance so that it needs to be considered and maintained in balance. This study aims to analyze the relationship between water quality and production performance in the Vaname Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) rearing pond at BPBAP Takalar, South Sulawesi. This research is a non-experimental research using secondary data. The research procedure was conducting field observations, interviews, and analyzing water quality parameters with the production performance of vaname shrimp. Parameters observed were average daily growth (ADG), survival rate (SR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and water quality. Data analysis was carried out descriptively with graphic presentation and principal component analysis (PCA) statistical tests and correlation tests. The results of the descriptive analysis showed that the ADG, SR, and FCR values fluctuated. Based on the results of the PCA test, water quality that has a relationship with ADG is DO, nitrite, nitrate, and phosphate while the production performance of SR and FCR have a relationship with alkalinity, organic matter, and morning temperature. Based on the results of the correlation test of water quality on production performance with a correlation coefficient and Sig (<0.05) the resulting LPH has a correlation with afternoon temperature with
Keyword: production performance, water quality, vaname shrimp

Judul: Correlation of Water Quality and Production Performance in Vaname Shrimp Breeding (Litopenaeus vannamei) at PT Dewi Laut Aquaculture, Garut
Abstrak: Udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) merupakan komoditas unggulan perikanan yang bernilai ekonomis tinggi. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan budidaya udang vaname yaitu faktor kualitas air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung korelasi kualitas air selama pemeliharaan dan kinerja produksi udang vaname di Dewi Laut Aquaculture, Garut, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pengamatan secara langsung di tambak udang vaname pada tambak pemeliharaan dengan sistem intensif. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah analisis principal component analysis (PCA) dan uji korelasi. Parameter penelitian yang diamati adalah kualitas air (kecerahan, pH, DO, suhu, salinitas, amonia, nitrit, nitrat, alkalinitas, kesadahan, TOM, plankton, dan bakteri), survival rate (SR), average daily growth (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR). Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan parameter nitrit, dan nitrat menjadi parameter yang paling banyak berkorelasi dengan parameter kinerja produksi. Parameter nitrit -0,414 dan nitrat -0,496 berkorelasi negatif sedang dengan parameter SR. Parameter nitrit dan nitrat sama-sama berkorelasi negatif sedang dengan ADG yaitu masing-masing sebesar -0,416 dan -0,424. Sementara itu, parameter nitrit dan nitrat berkorelasi positif sedang dengan parameter FCR yaitu masing-masing sebesar 0,419 dan 0,427., Whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is a leading fishery commodity with high economic value. One of the factors that affect the success of vannamei shrimp farming is the water quality factor. This study aims to calculate the correlation of water quality during rearing and production performance of vannamei shrimp in Dewi Laut Aquaculture, Garut, West Java. This study was conducted by direct observation in vannamei shrimp ponds in ponds with intensive system maintenance. The method used in this study was principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation test. The research parameters observed were water quality (brightness, pH, DO, temperature, salinity, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, alkalinity, hardness, TOM, plankton, and bacteria), survival rate (SR), average daily growth (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR). Correlation test results showed that nitrite and nitrate parameters were the most correlated with production performance parameters. Nitrite -0.414 and nitrate -0.496 were moderately negatively correlated with SR parameters. The nitrite and nitrate parameters were both moderately negatively correlated with ADG at -0.416 and -0.424, respectively. Meanwhile, the nitrite and nitrate parameters were moderately positively correlated with the FCR parameter at 0.419 and 0.427.
Keyword: correlation, pond, production performance, shrimp vannamei, water quality

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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