Judul: Perencanaan Bisnis Ekspor Jahe Bubuk Melalui Pendekatan Cooperative Entrepreneur di Bogor
Abstrak: Ginger as a biopharmaceutical commodity has a good prospect. Its increasing demand due to the development of phytopahrmaceutical industries was not followed by the supply side. It is attributed to the lack of market information that farmers have and their small scale of production. Cooperative entrepreneur based business development can be adopted as a solution through which farmers’ bargaining power is strengthened and in turn the accepted price of their product increases. This research uses quantitative and non-quantitative (qualitative) analysis method to data collected. Non-quantitative method is used in preparing non-financial planning, meanwhile quantitative analysis method is used in developing financial planning in the business operation. The type is more appropriate of business plan chosen is cooperative. The targeted markets are Japan and Bangladesh as the main export destination of Indonesia ginger.
Keyword: ginger, cooperative enterepreneur, businessplan, bhiopharmaceutical

Judul: Rencana Bisnis Produk Temulawak Bubuk Berorientasi Ekspor Melalui Pendekatan Cooperative Entrepreneur di Bogor
Abstrak: Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb.) is one of biopharmaceutical plant that has a potency to be developed in West Java. This research aims to design the business plan of the processing fresh java turmeric through Cooperative Entrepreneur approach. The business will be located in Bogor. The production processing is converting fresh java turmeric into granule using modern technology, and packed using vacuum packing. The market target of this product is herbal medicine industries and phyto-pharmacy in America. The product is sold at the price of Rp 244 000 per kg or USD 21.4. Financial analysis shows that the business is highly prospective and can be implemented. Net profit in the first year is Rp556 501 000, second until third year is Rp535 503 000, and the next year is Rp562 785 000. Through cooperative entrepreneur approach, farmers can obtain the higher price so it can increase the wealthiness of the farmers.
Keyword: java turmeric., cooperative entrepreneur, business plans

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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