Judul: Efektivitas Campuran Poli(Aluminium Klorida) (PAC) dan Aluminium Sulfat (Tawas) sebagai Koagulan dalam Pengolahan Air Bersih
Abstrak: Poly(aluminum chloride) (PAC) and aluminum sulfate (alum) are commonly used coagulants for water treatment. This study aimed to determine the effective coagulant dose of PAC and alum mixture Cisadane river water treatment. Coagulant mixture ratio used were 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100 with low and high levels of water turbidity. In addition to turbidity, effectiveness in decreasing the Fe, Mn, and organic substances contents were also studied. PAC was more effective in decreasing the levels of turbidity (88.29%), Fe (76.03%), Mn (75.57%), and organic substances contents (41.74%) compared to the other coagulant mixtures. In terms of cost, 75:25 ratio of PAC-alum coagulant mixture was more efficient under condition of high turbidity level.
Keyword: alum, aluminum sulfate, poly(aluminum chloride), PAC, turbidity

Judul: Efektivitas filtrasi kitosan dan polialuminium klorida (PAC) pada penjernihan dan pemurnian air Sungai Cisadane, Bogor
Abstrak: Semakin meningkat kebutuhan manusia akan air minum yang sehat dan steril telah mendorong banyak pihak dalam mencari alternatif penyedia air minum yang baik untuk kesehatan tubuh. Sampai saat ini telah banyak pengolahan air minum dan air bersih dengan harga yang terjangkau beredar di kalangan masyarakat, namun demikian air minum yang tersedia sebagian besar masih ada yang menimbulkan efek yang tidak baik bagi kesehatan. Selain itu, alat pengolah air minum steril masih dianggap kurang terjangkau bagi masyarakat pada umumnya. Melihat permasalahan tersebut diperlukan alternatif suatu bahan dan alat pengolah air yang alami, murah, serta aman untuk kesehatan. Suatu terobosan dilakukan dengan menggunakan kitosan sebagai bahan utama alat pengolah air sederhana yaitu berupa filter kitosan sehingga diperoleh efektivitas pengolahan air yang tidak bahaya bagi tubuh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan efektivitas dan kemampuan kitosan dan Polialuminium Klorida (PAC) dalam pemurnian air, menurunkan jumlah bakteri koliform dan logam-logam berat, serta mendapatkan air minum dengan kualitas yang baik. Proses penjernihan air Sungai Cisadane didapatkan hasil bahwa penurunan nilai TPC (Total Plate Count) dan konsentrasi besi yang signifikan bila dibandingkan dengan kontrol (tanpa kitosan) yaitu larutan kitosan 10 ppm dan PAC 4 ppm, dimana nilai log TPC air sampel sebesar 3,57 cfu/ml dan nilai konsentrasi besi yaitu 0,02 mg/L. Pada proses filtrasi (tahap akhir), didapatkan hasil bahwa filter dengan kitosan 15 gram sudah dapat menghasilkan air dengan kualitas memenuhi syarat kesehatan, dilihat dari parameter kandungan log TPC dari air sampel yang dihasilkan adalah 2,84 cfu/mL, konsentrasi Fe <0,005 mg/L, konsentrasi Cu 0,04 mg/L, konsentrasi Zn 0,02 mg/L, kekeruhan 0,58 NTU, PH 7,79, Dissolved Oxygen (DO) 5 mg/L, Biologycal Oxygen Demand (BOD) 1,7 mg/L, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 16 mg/L, kesadahan 0,9 mg/L, serta bakteri koliform 3,5 x 10 MPN/mL.. Perbedaan jumlah kitosan dalam filter 0, 5, 10 dan 15 gram pada penelitian ini diketahui memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap konsentrasi logam Fe, Pb, dan Zn, kekeruhan air, pH, COD, kesadahan, dan total bakteri koliform. Tetapi tidak memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata terhadap jumlah log bakteri, Biologycal Oxygen Demand (BOD), dan konsentrasi logam Cu…
Keyword: Chitosan, Filtration, Coagulation, Polyaluminium chloride (PAC), Pure water

Judul: Distribution and Diversity of Ectoparasite Mites on Geckos in Indonesia
Abstrak: Data on the diversity and dispersal of parasitic mites on house geckos in Indonesia are very scarce. In this work, the distribution and diversity of mites living on three species of house geckos, namely Cosymbotus platyurus, Hemidactylus frenatus, and H. garnotii collected throughout Indonesia, has been elaborated. Geckos and mites were captured and immediately preserved in 70% ethanol. Whole mount of the mites was prepared by clearing in lactophenol followed by mounting on polyvinyl lactophenol solutions. The SEM preparation was conducted to examine the detail morphological characters of the mites. The results showed that among 448 individuals of geckos, 221 geckos were infected by Geckobia mites. Prevalences of C. platyurus, H. frenatus, and H. garnotii infested by mites were 14.8%, 50.69%, and 79.6%, respectively. Three different spesies of Geckobia (G1, G2, and G3) could be differentiated; and based on similarities of their morphological characters to ones described in published literatures, Geckobia G2 is Geckobia glebosum and Geckobia G3 is Geckobia bataviensis while G1 could not be identified to the species level. The highest mean intensity of Geckobia G1 infestation was found on H. garnotii (I=7.0), G. glebosum infestation on H. frenatus (I=3.5), and G. bataviensis infestation on H. garnotii (I=11.8). In general, C. platyurus was infested by the least number of mites. Geckobia G1 were found living on the skin folds on the claws, G. glebosum were found mainly on the body and thigh, and G. bataviensis were found on almost all parts of the host’s body. Geckobia mites are distributed randomly throughout Indonesian Archipelago, following the pattern of distribution of their hosts. So it is concluded that Geckobia G1, G. glebosum, and G. bataviensis are sympatric.
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