Judul: Rencana Pengembangan Agribisnis Daun Kumis Kucing dengan Pendekatan Cooperative Entrepreneur di Bogor
Abstrak: Business plan is the beginning stage of starting a business activity. The purposes of this business is to increase farmer welfare and the sale value of fresh Kidney tea comodities that processed into powder form. This research uses cooperative entrepreneurship approach because cooperative entrepreneurship regarded as an approach that suitable to operate this business. Financial and nonfinancial aspect are used as analysis method to collecting data. The financial aspect or tools which used in developing financial planning in the business operation are NPV, Net B/C, IRR< Payback Period (PP), Breakevent Point (BEP), report of Cashflow, and report of income (profit and loss).The resultsofthis approachis increases the farmersselling pricefromtwothousandrupiahto eightthousandrupiah. Netbenefitsreceivedis Rp79 577in the first yearandRp28 709in the next year
Keyword: kidney tea, cooperative entrepreneur, business plan

Judul: Rencana Bisnis Pengembangan Rimpang Kunyit dengan Pendekatan Cooperative Entrepreneur di Bogor
Abstrak: Preparation of business plan is required to simplify and clarify the illustration for entering or starting a business. The non-financial analysis of this business consist of market aspect, operational aspect, organization and human resources aspect, and risk analysis. Product of this processing business is a powdered turmeric are packed with vacuum packaging technology with sell price 228.9 USD (Rp2 610 000) in 10 kg packages. Market target of this product is overseas market, especially in Argentina. The selected enterprise of this business is cooperative where the members are from the turmeric farmers in Bogor. Net profit obtained in the first year is Rp263 205 000, Rp153 383 in the second year, and Rp193 216 in the next years. With cooperative entrepreneur approaches, farmers as a raw material supplier will get higher sell price, there is Rp9 000 in the first year and Rp12 000 in the next years.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), turmeric, cooperative entrepreneur, business plan

Judul: Characterizations of low alloy steel sae 4422  plated with chromic acid (Cro3)
Abstrak: Characterizations of low alloy steel SAE 4422 plated with chromic acid (CrOrO3) was use Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), RD),Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-Ray (EDAX), Hardness Test and Roughness Test. Microstructures analysis exhibits cracks and grain boundaries microcracks as a characteristics of chrome metal found at plating metal. Perlite and Ferrite as grains of steel found at base metal with grain boundaries around it. Phase analysis of plating metal appropriate to chrome metal with lattice constant (a) is 2.559 Å and phase analysis of base metal appropriate to iron ferrite with lattice constant (a) is 3.318 Å. Both plating and base metal have cubic system. Chemical analysis of plating metal at surface section exhibits that cracks area have highest value of carbon element compare with grains and grains boundaries area. While chemical analysis of base metal at cross section exhibits that perlite have highest value of carbon element compare with ferrite and grain boundaries. The hardness value of plating metal at surface section and cross section are 753 and 637 VHN. While, the hardness value of base metal and interface area at cross section are 205 and 373 VHN. The roughness value at measurement points of chrome surface for as received sample are 0.445 μm. Observation used Optical Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy exhibits surface irregularities combine to form surface texture of plating metal at surface section.
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