arulpm/tripletsmall huggingface dataset:
Judul: Modifikasi pori Hidroksiapatit dari Tulang Ikan Alu-alu (Sphyraena barracuda)
Abstrak: Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is an important material used in biomedical implants. Currently, porous HAp is widely explored. Large pores surface improve osteoconductivity and adsorption strength. Fish bone can be used as source of HAp since it has high level of calcium and phosphorus in the form of mineral apatite. Therefore, the objective of this study was to modify porous Hap from alu-alu (Sphyraena barracuda) fish bone with starch as the porogen. HAp was formed at temperature of 500, 750, 1000, 1250, 1300, and 1350 ºC. cConcentrations of starch used for porogen were 5, 10, 20, 40, and 60% w/w. X-ray diffraction pattern indicated that HAp was formed in the initial powder fish bone but it had low crystalinity and some impurities. HAp phases with good crystallinity were formed at temperatures of 750–1250 ºC. Electron microscope photographs showed pores with good uniformity was exhibited in the modification using fish bone material with starch concentration of 10%; the sizes were 2.38-3.28 μm.
Keyword: 

Judul: Sintesis Hidroksiapatit Berbasis Limbah Cangkang Keong Sawah (Bellamya javanica) dan Modifikasi Pori Menggunakan Gelatin
Abstrak: Hydroxyapatite is a ceramic material with a structure and composition similar to bone. In this study, hidroxyapatite was synthesized using shell of rice field snail as basic ingredients as a source of calcium (Ca(OH)2) and (NH4)2HPO4 as a source of phosphate. Synthesis method used was the wet method. In the synthesis process, porogen in the form of gelatin was added to increase the pore size. Concentrations of the added gelatin, were 20% and 30%. X-Ray diffraction results showed that the HAp phase has been formed with a fairly high purity. The best pores size resulted from the 30% gelatin concentration, was 0.5-3.98 μm. Infrared spectrum showed that the porogened and nonporogened Hap indicated functional group of HAp constituent
Keyword: shell of rice field snail., pore modification, hydroxyapatite, gelatin

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
Keyword:
Judul: Aktivitas antibakteri fraksi aktif daun lidah mertua (Sansevieria trifasciata Prain)
Abstrak: Sansevieria trifasciata Prain is an indigenous plant of South Africa and indicated has an antibacterial activity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential of this speciesas antibacterial to inhibit the activity of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli using disc diffusion method. Some leaves were extracted using maceration method. The result indicated that crude extract at concentration 1250, 2500, 5000, and 10000 ppm showed no activity against the test bacterial. Steroids, flavonoids, and alkaloids were found in the crude extract. The crude extract was fractionated using column chromatography. Ethyl acetate and chloroform were used as eluent with the best ratio (6:1). The fractionation yield 10 fractions. The fraction were test at concentration 10000, 20000, and 40000 ppm. The antibacterial assay showed there was only 1 fraction active against Gram-positive (S. aureus).
Keyword: 

Judul: Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Fraksi Daun Lidah Mertua (Sansevieria trifasciata)
Abstrak: Sansevieria trifasciata is an indigenous plant of South Africa used in herbal medicine for the treatment of various infectious diseases. The purpose of this study is to evaluate potency of S. trifasciata extracts through in vitro antibacterial test against Grampositive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria on Mueller-Hinton medium. The plant sample were obtained from research garden at Lodaya Campus, Bogor Agricultural University. The result indicated that methanol crude extract at concentration 10000, 5000, 2500, and 1250 ppm showed no activity against the tested bacteria. Methanol crude extract was fractionated using coloumn chromatography with gradient method. Methanol and chloroform were used as eluent with the best ratio of 9:1. The fractionation yielded 10 fractions. The fractions were tested at concentration 40000, 20000, and 10000 ppm. The antibacterial assay showed there were 2 active fractions for both of the tested bacteria, 5 active fractions against only Gram-positive (S. aureus) and 3 non-active fractions.
Keyword: 

Judul: Cycle Hamilton pada Graf Lengkap, Graf Regular, dan Graf 2-Connected 4-Regular Berorder Kurang dari Sepuluh
Abstrak: Suatu graf disebut graf Hamilton apabila graf tersebut memuat cycle Hamilton, yaitu cycle yang melewati setiap vertex tepat satu kali. Menentukan keberadaan cycle Hamilton pada suatu graf dapat menggunakan syarat cukup yang berupa teorema-teorema yang telah diperkenalkan sejak tahun 1950-an. Beberapa syarat cukup yang dibahas dalam karya ilmiah ini adalah syarat cukup yang berhubungan dengan graf lengkap dan graf regular. Suatu graf lengkap berorder 𝑛������ ≥ 3 dan graf r-regular berorder 𝑛������ ≤ 2𝑟������ + 1 merupakan graf Hamilton, Karena kedua graf tersebut memuat cycle Hamilton. Selanjutnya, syarat cukup tersebut digunakan untuk menentukan keberadaan cycle Hamilton pada graf 2-connected 4- regular berorder kurang dari 10.
Keyword: graf Hamilton, graf regular, graf lengkap, graf 2-connected 4-regular
Judul: Keefektifan Kombinasi Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria dan Unsur Mikro dalam Pengendalian Penyakit Antraknosa pada Cabai Merah
Abstrak: Anthracnose is an important disease on chili pepper caused by Colletotrichum sp.. The pathogen can attack from early stage of fruit until harvesting. The losses due to this disease ranging from 40-80%, and even up to 100%. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) is a group of bacteria which growth and colonize arround roots area (rhizosphere), that has some beneficial effects in plant, such as growth promoting and as biological control agent. The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of PGPR consisting of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus polymixa, combined with micronutrients MnSO4 0.05%, ZnSO4 0.05%, MnSO4 0.05%+ ZnSO4 0.05%, and commercial fertilizer Growmore 10-55-10, to suppress anthracnose disease on chili pepper. This experiment used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 6 treatments and 3 blocks. Variables measured were seed germination, plant height, number of leaves, and the severity of anthracnose disease. The results showed that the treatments with PGPR and or combined with micronutrients could not suppress the disease severity comparing with conventional control measure. Combining with micronutrients (MnSO4) increased the PGPR capability on plant growth promoting effects.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria., micronutrients, chili, Anthracnose

Judul: Keefektifan Agens Antagonis dalam Pengendalian Rebah Kecambah Cabai Merah
Abstrak: One of the major problems during cultivating of chilli is antrachnose disease. The cause of chili anthracnose can various as Colletotrichum acutatum, C. gloeosporoides, and Gloeosporium piperatum. Pathogens can cause seed decay, damping off, and anthracnose fruit rot. The objective of experiment is to evaluate the effectiveness of several antagonist agents in controlling damping off disease. The identification results show that the cause of anthracnose which can be isolated from the seeds and chilies are Gloeosporium piperatum. Antagonist agent Trichoderma harzianum (TH1), Gliocladium fimbriatum (G84), Bacillus subtilis (B12), and Pseudomonas fluorescens (P1) can inhibited the growth of pathogen colonies in vitro as 100%, 100%, 95.43%, and 39.83%. In the in vivo test is known that isolates TH1, G84, B12, and P1 is very effective (100%) in the controlling of chili damping off. Both of single treatment or combination treatment antagonist agents were not different significantly to control the damping off disease. The fourth of antagonist agents are very potential in controlling the damping off disease of red pepper germination
Keyword: 

Judul: Formulasi Hamiltonian untuk Menggambarkan Gerak Gelombang Soliter Dimensi Tiga di Permukaan Laut
Abstrak: Gelombang permukaan adalah gelombang yang terjadi perbedaan rapat massa antara air dan udara. Salah satu gelombang permukaan yang ditinjau adalah gelombang soliter. Formulasi gelombang soliter dilakukan dengan menggunakan formulasi Hamiltonian.
Keyword:
Judul: Uji Daya Hasil Lanjutan 30 Galur Padi Tipe Baru Generasi F6 Hasil dari 7 Kombinasi Persilangan
Abstrak: Rice is an important crop in Indonesia. Advanced yield trial is one procedur in the process of producing new varieties. This experiment used Randomized Complete Block Design. Plant materials were 30 F6 lines of new type and four check varieties i.e Ciherang, Inpari 13, IPB 4S, and IR 64. The result showed that plant height ranged from 95-126.5 cm, number of grain per penicle from 114-251, percentage of filled grain from 57-91% and weight of 1000 grains ranging from 24.541-31.047 gram. The yield of IPB159-F-1, IPB159-F-13 and IPB160-F-1 line were 8.1 ton ha-1, 7.9 ton ha-1 and 7.8 ton ha-1, respectively.
Keyword: 

Judul: Uji Daya Hasil Pendahuluan Generasi F5 Padi Tipe Baru Turunan Tiga Kombinasi Persilangan.
Abstrak: The objective of this research was to evaluate 100 F5 lines New Plant Type (NPT) of rice. The experiment was conducted using Augmented design arranged in Completely Randomized Block Design.The material evaluate was100 lines with 3 comparison varieties as check, they are Ciherang, IR 64 and IPB 4S. The result shows that plant height ranged from 94-132 cm, number of productive tillers 8-18, number of grain filling per panicle from 106-267, percentage of empty grain 10- 53%, weight of 1,000 grains 22-33 g, and rice productivity 2.4-7.0 ton/ha. Lines IPB161-E-14, IPB161-E-35, IPB161-E-38, IPB163-E-20, IPB163-E-28, IPB165- E-11, and IPB165-E-19 have caracters of New Plant Type of rice, potential could be yield trials.
Keyword: 

Judul: Penggunaan Teorema Homeomorphy 2-Manifold dan Teorema Euler Poincare pada Torus 𝑇�� dan Simplicial Complex 𝐾��
Abstrak: Two dimensional topological spaces are said to be homeomorphic if they have the same topological invariant, where one of topological invariant used is an Euler characteristic. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem and Euler Poincare’s Theorem are used to distinguish two topological spaces. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem uses Euler characteristic to identify two dimensional topological spaces. Euler Poincare’s Theorem is an alternative way to find Euler characteristic with Betti number, which is topological invariant as well. The objective of this paper is to investigate the homeomorphism of torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾�����. Topological space torus and simplicial complex 𝐾����� have the same Euler characteristic, which is two. Based on Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem topological space torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾����� is homeomorphic.
Keyword: simplicial, torus, Euler, homeomorphism, topology
Judul: Mobilitas dan distribusi belerang pada tanaman padi
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari mobiitas dan distribusi belerang pada tanaman padi varietas PB-26 dan Bengawan. Penelitian berbentuk percobaan pot dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca Lembaga Pusat Penelitian Pertanian di Sindangbarang Bogor. digunakan tanah grumosol ligale dengan ciri-ciri sebagai berikut: tekstur liat berat, pH 6.40, KTK 35.17 mg/100 g tanah, bahan organik 1,5 %, N-Total 0,15%, S-total 47.65 mg/100 g tanah dst.
Keyword: Oryza;, Cereals;, Sulfur;, Rice growth;, Bogor Agricultural University;

Judul: Pengaruh pemberian bahan organik, kapur dan belerang terhadap pertumbuhan dan serapan belerang tanaman padi gogo pada podsolik ( Typic Hapludults ) dari Jasinga
Abstrak: Belerang merupakan salah satu hara makro esensial untuk pertumbuhan tanaman. Sekitar tahun 70-an, diketahui bahwa belerang adalah hara yang kurang pada budidaya padi dimana umumnya hanya di pupuk N dan P. Dengan penambahan akan meningkatkan P, Ca, Mg, K dan Mo; mengurangi Fe dan Mn; dan mengurangi tingkat keracunan Al. Pengapuran mampu meningkatkan ketersediaan belerang. Selain itu pemberian bahan organik pun mampu meningkatkan ketersediaan belerang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh pengapuran dan pemberian bahan organik pada Podsolik dari Jasinga terhadap serapan hara belerang dan pertumbuhan padi gogo. Penelitian ini dilakukan di rumah kaca Cikabayan dan Laboratorium Kimia dan Kesuburan Tanah, Departemen Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor, pada bulan November 2002 sampai juni 2003. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap faktorial (RAL) 3 faktor dengan 3 ulangan. Pukan sapi dengan taraf 0, 0.5 dan 1% pada suhu 105°C bobot kering mutlak; kapur dengan taraf 0, 0.5 dan 1 setara Al-dd dan belerang dalam bentuk belerang elemen dengan taraf 0, 250 dan 500 ppm S. Varietas padi gogo yang digunakan adalah varietas Jatiluhur...
Keyword: 

Judul: Studi Kasus Patologi Hernia Diafragmatika pada Kucing
Abstrak: A cat was found with several critical conditions such as skin ulceration, exophthalmus, anorexia, cachexia, dyspnoe, anemia, constipation, and severe dehydration. The cat was well-treated with some medications but it failed. Radiographs show that diaphragm line was not seen with some abdominal contents displacement into the thoracic cavity. Necropsy study revealed many lesions in characteristic of congenital diaphragmatic hernia due to diaphragm anomalies. Histopathologically, congestion and other lesions were found in heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, spleen, lymph node, and brain. Those lesions were found due to negative pressure effect which moved the intestine and a part of liver into the thoracic cavity. Therefore, the heart and lungs could not work normal then consequence of the death was caused by congestive heart failure.
Keyword:
Judul: Pengaruh Jumlah Lapisan Teruadap Sifat Fisis Mekanis Papan Venir Lamina Dari Kayu Karet (Hevea Brasiliensis)
Abstrak: Keperluan masyarakat akan kayo sebagai bahan bangtman dan keperluan lainnya semakin meningkat sesuai dengan pertambahan penduduk. Kemajuan teknologi yang telah berhasil membuat beberapa macam sintetis temyata belum dapat menggantikan kayu secara besar-besaran sehingga kenaikan pemakaian kayu semakin meningkat. Kayu merupakan produk alam yang berasal dari pabon yang bersifat tumbuh sehingga dapat diperbaharui lagi bila dimanfaatkan. Mengingat hal itu berbagai usaha dilakukan untuk memanfaatkan kayu sebaik-baiknya, antara lain dengan pembuatan papan partikel, papan serat, dan papan venir lamina sebagai pengganti papan dari kayu utuh. Salah satu usaha mengganti balok atau tiang sebagai bahan bangunan yang mengutamakan kekuatan adalah pembuatan balok lamina. Hansen (1948) menyatakan bahwa papan venir lamina telah berhasil dibuat untuk pertama kaHnya pada tabun 1900-an.
Keyword: 

Judul: Pengaruh tingkat asetilasi dan perendaman panas selumbar terhadap sifat fisis dan mekanis papan partikel kayu karet (Hevea brasiliensis. Muell. Arg.)
Abstrak: Kebutuhan manusia terhadap kayu dari tahun ke tahun semakin meningkat, seiring dengan bertambahnya jumlah penduduk dan perkembangan teknologi, sehingga perlu pemanfaatan sumberdaya yang efisien. Salah satu usaha pemanfaatan bahan baku atau limbah kayu adalah dengan membuat papan partikel, karena dalam pembuatannya tidak memerlukan persyaratan bahan baku yang tinggi. Tetapi papan partikel masih memiliki kelemahan yang berarti, dalam hal stabilitas dimensinya yang rendah. Asetilasi terhadap selumbar dengan menggunakan bahan kimia anhidrida asetat adalah salah satu usaha untuk memperbaiki sifat-sifat papan partikel. Karena bahan tersebut harganya mahal, maka perlu penggunaan yang efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat penambahan anhidrida asetat dan perendaman panas terhadap sifat fisis dan mekanis papan partikel, serta untuk mengetahui penggunaan anhidrida asetat yang memadai. Papan partikel dibuat dari selumbar (flake) kayu karet berukuran kasar yang berasal dari Sasmaya T.o di Cibadak Sukabumi.
Keyword: 

Judul: Studi Seroprevalensi Newcastle Disease pada Unggas Peliharaan Masyarakat di Kecamatan Lore Utara Kabupaten Poso.
Abstrak: This research aims to determine the seroprevalence of Newcastle Disease (ND) on native birds in North Lore Poso District. The research used serum samples from unvaccinated native birds. A total of 45 samples; 22 from domestic chicken and 23 from Muscovy ducks; were taken from Sedoa, Wuasa, and Napu village. Newcastle Disease was determined by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. The seroprevalence of ND in domestic chicken and muscovy ducks were 40.9% and 69.56%, respectively. It was equal with 9 domestic chicken and 13 muscovy ducks that were positive antibody ND. Based on the results, we can conclude that ND virus was present on those three village in North Lore. The area was determined as ND-endemic.
Keyword: ELISA, Newcastle Disease, Poso, Seroprevalence
Judul: Pengaruh Sibstansi Tepung Ikan dengan Singel Cell Protein (SCP) yang Berbeda Dalam Pakan Ikan Patin Pangasius sp. Terhadap Retensi Protein, Pertumbuhan, dan Efisiensi Pakan
Abstrak: Usaha budidaya perikanan di Indonesia menghadapi permasalahan dengan naiknya harga tepung ikan serta adanya masalah kesinambungan pengadaan tepung ikan karena sebagian besar tepung ikan masih harus diimpor. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah dengan cara mensubstitusi tepung ikan dengan bahan lain yang merniliki kualitas mendekati tepung ikan. Salah satu bahan yang potensial untuk mengganti tepung ikan adalah single cell protein (SCP) karena memiliki kandungan protein yang tinggi.
Keyword: 

Judul: Pengaruh Kadar Substitusi Tepung Ikan oleh Single Cell Protein (SCP) yang Berbeda dalarn Pakan Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) terhadap Retensi Protein, Pertumbuhan, dan Efisiensi Pakan
Abstrak: Usaha budidaya perikanan di Indonesia menghadapi permasalahan dengan naiknya harga tepung ikan serta adanya masalah kesinambungan pengadaan tepung ikan karena sebagian besar tepung ikan masih harus diimpor. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah dengan cara mensubstitusi tepung ikan dengan bahan lain yang memiliki kualitas mendekati tepung ikan. Salah satu bahan yang potensial untuk mengganti tepung ikan adalah single cell protein (SCP) karena memiliki kandungan protein yang tinggi.
Keyword: 

Judul: Tinjauan Matematis pada Model Makroskopik dan Mikroskopik Arus Lalu-lintas
Abstrak: Traffic flow phenomenon can be described through mathematical model such as continuous dynamic model with an ordinary differential equation so that it can be solved with integral factors. In this paper three simple models of traffic flow are discussed, i.e, two macroscopic and one microscopic models. Macroscopic model formulates dynamics of the traffic flow that occurs on a large number of vehicles on a road. While the microscopic model explains drivers’ behavior in their interaction with other vehicles ahead, i.e, car-following model. This paper shows the existence of ordinary differential equation found in the traffic flow model and indicates some different representations in the context of the same model. It also reviews a simple model of traffic flow along a single link, which leads to some unexpected results, i.e, it can express the solution model in term of link outflows as well as trip time. In the microscopic model, simulation is done to illustrate the behavior of the drivers with a sensitivity coefficient as a benchmark parameter.
Keyword:
Judul: Pengujian Motilitas dan Konsentrasi Spermatozoa dalam Kemasan Semen Beku dari Balai Inseminasi Buatan Daerah X di Indonesia.
Abstrak: Kualitas semen beku sapi yang diproduksi dan didistribusikan di Indonesia mengacu kepada Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 01-4869.1:2008 tentang semen beku sapi. Persyaratan mutu semen beku adalah motilitas minimal 40% dengan kecepatan gerak spermatozoa minimal dua (0–5). Semen dikemas dalam straw 0.25 ml dengan konsentrasi 25 x 106 sel spermatozoa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji motilitas, gerakan individu, menghitung konsentrasi spermatozoa dalam satu straw semen beku dari Balai Inseminasi Buatan Daerah X di Indonesia. Ada 30 sampel semen beku sapi (PO, Limousin, Simmental) yang diuji pada penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan motilitas dan gerakan individu spermatozoa yang diuji sesuai dengan SNI semen beku sapi. Konsentrasi spermatozoa dalam satu straw yang sesuai dengan SNI hanya 3.33% (1/30), yang lainnya rata-rata berisi ≥5 sd <10 juta 20%, ≥10 sd <15 juta 40%, dan ≥15 sd <20 juta 20%. Konsentrasi spermatozoa yang belum sesuai SNI akan mengurangi jumlah spermatozoa yang dapat membuahi ovum saat inseminasi buatan (IB) dilakukan.
Keyword: konsentrasi, motilitas, semen beku

Judul: Kajian kualitas semen beku pada beberapa bangsa sapi
Abstrak: Kualitas semen beku setelah pencairan kembali (thawing) sangat menentukan keberhasilan program inseminasi buatan (IB). Penelitian telah dilakukan untuk mengkaji kualitas spermatozoa dari semen beku asal balai inseminasi buatan (BIB) Lembang dan BIB Singosari. Sebanyak 32 straw semen beku dari berbagai bangsa sapi (Brangus, Brahman, Angus, FH, Ongole, Limousin, Simmental, Taurindicus dan Bali) telah dievaluasi, terdiri atas 16 straw asal BIB Lembang dan 16 straw asal BIB Singosari. Parameter yang diamati meliputi pengukuran konsentrasi, persentase motilitas spermatozoa, persentase spermatozoa hidup, persentase abnormalitas spermatozoa dan keutuhan membran plasma (MPU). Data kualitas parameter kedua semen beku dianalisa dengan uji sidik ragam klasifikasi satu arah (analysis of variance one way, Anova), dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan menggunakan program SAS 6.12...
Keyword: 

Judul: Pengenalan Wajah Dengan Menggunakan Transformasi Fourier Dan Fungsi Jarak Euclidean
Abstrak: Nowadays, along with the improvement of technology and the demand of time, computer usage in performing fast computation, attracts many groups of people. Face recognition is a quite interesting area, which is commonly use on the security system or other applications that require face recognition as a feature. Face recognition implemented as computer system becomes necessary to accommodate human limitations in computation and availability. This research using Fourier transform and Euclidean distance as the recognition function. Face recognition held with and without noise. Noise that being used is Gaussian noise.
Keyword: