Judul: Studi Salmonella Enteritidis pada Telur Ayam Ras di Pasar Tradisional Kabupaten Tangerang
Abstrak: Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan protein hewani, masyarakat Kabupaten Tangerang mengkonsumsi telur ayam ras yang diperoleh dari pasar tradisional. Salmonella Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) dapat mengkontaminasi telur ayam ras secara vertikal dan horizontal. Konsumsi telur ayam ras yang terkontaminasi oleh S. Enteritidis dapat menyebabkan penyakit pada saluran pencernaan yang dikenal sebagai salmonellosis. Lebih dari 44% kasus salmonellosis di dunia melibatkan konsumsi telur mentah atau yang dimasak tidak sempurna. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keberadaan S. Enteritidis pada telur ayam ras yang dijual di pasar tradisional Kabupaten Tangerang. Sebanyak 104 butir telur ayam ras yang diambil dari 16 pasar tradisional diuji secara konvensional di Laboratorium Bakteriologi Balitvet. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian pada kerabang, putih dan kuning telur tidak ditemukan S. Enteritidis pada sampel-sampel tersebut. Tidak ditemukannya S. Enteritidis dimungkinkan karena adanya pertahanan fisik berupa kerabang, kutikula dan selaput telur serta pertahanan kimiawi yang secara alamiah dimiliki oleh albumin telur yaitu enzim lisosim dan ovotransferin. Penggunaan probiotik dalam air minum unggas, mekanisme kerja immunomodulator serta hasil dari competitive exclusion bakteri disertai peningkatan sanitasi higiene merupakan alternatif untuk mengurangi infeksi S. Enteritidis.
Keyword: Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), Good Hygienic Practices (GHP), Hazard Analytical Critical Control Point(HACCP), Probiotik

Judul: Keberadaan Salmonella pada Daging Ayam yang Dijual di Pasar Tradisional di Kota Tangerang Selatan
Abstrak: This study was aimed to observe the presence of Salmonella in chicken meat sold in traditional markets in South Tangerang City. This research was conducted with survey method by interview the vendors of chicken meat as respondents, observation of markets condition using check-list, and sampling the chicken meat for Salmonella test. Total of 24 chicken meat samples was taken from three traditional markets, i.e., Modern Market, Bukit Market, and Jombang Market. The presence of Salmonella was performed using the isolation and identification test based on the Indonesian National Standard Number 2897:2008. The study showed that the Modern Market had the best criteria on the hygiene aspects compared to the other markets. The presence of Salmonella in chicken meat samples was 33.3% from Jombang Market (1 of 3 samples), 18.2% from Bukit Market (2 of 11 samples), and 10% from Modern Market (1 of 10 samples), with the total percentage of 16.7% (4 of 24 samples). The presence of Salmonella in chicken meat is associated with bad personal hygiene practices and the lack of cold chain from slaughterhouses to the markets. This condition requires attention from the government since Salmonella is the important foodborne pathogen that can threat the public health
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Judul: The Construction of Greedy SVP LLL Algorithm
Abstrak: A lattice is a set of all integer linear combination of a set of linearly independent vectors in ℝ𝑛���. The independent vectors are called bases of lattice. Any lattice can be generated from many bases, and these bases have the same cardinality. In the lattice, the most fundamental and renowned problem is the Shortest Vector Problem (SVP). SVP is a tracking problem of the shortest nonzero vector in a lattice with equivalent bases. In two dimensions, SVP problem has resolved exactly by Gauss’ algorithm. When the lattice dimension is higher than two, A.K. Lenstra, H.W. Lenstra and L. Lovasz gave a LLL algorithm to compute approximation of nonzero shortest vector in the lattice. Reduced bases solution obtained from LLL algorithm still be an approximation and has polynomial running time of arbitrary dimension which large enough. In 1994, Schnoor and Euchner modified this LLL algorithm as a new variant which later was named deep insertion LLL algorithm. This algorithm is a modified version of the LLL algorithm to the terms of the exchange step to improve the accuracy of output of LLL reduced bases and applying it to the subset sum problem. The purpose of this research are: (1) Reconstruct the LLL algorithm and deep insertion LLL algorithm using a geometric approach. (2) Construct a greedy SVP LLL algorithm. (3) Implement the three algorithms in a symbolic programming language, and evaluate them experimentally. A bases ℬ=[𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑛���] in ℝ𝑚��� is called reduced LLL with parameter 𝛿��� if satisfies: (a) |𝜇���𝑗���𝑖���|≤12, for every integer 𝑖���,𝑗��� with 1≤𝑖���<𝑗���<𝑛���. (b)𝛿���‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���)‖2≤‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���+1)‖2, for 𝑗���=1,2,…,𝑛���−1,where 𝛿��� is a reduced parameter of real numbers with 14<𝛿���<1. The first requirement is the reduced basis 𝛿��� must “nearly orthogonal” and in its computation case, this requirement can be reached out by using the Gram-Schmidt’s orthogonalization. While the second requirement is called exchange step, or used to called as Lovasz condition. By using both of these requirements, then they establish the LLL algorithm. Then, Schnoor and Euchner modify the LLL algorithm based on the requirements of the exchange step called the deep insertion LLL algorithm, where the exchange step is based on the comparison of the projected vector in orthogonal complement [𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑘���−1]⊥ after j-th reduction. To construct greedy SVP LLL algorithm, the requirements of the exchange step is based on purely by comparing norm of lattice 𝐛���𝑗��� with norm lattice 𝐛���𝑖��� for 𝑖���=1,2,3…,𝑗���−1. The process of insertion reduced vector after the exchange step also has done greedily. Then, we calculate the number of arithmetic operation in greedy SVP LLL algorithm for further analysis. The result of our exprimentation for three algorithms on the certain matrix size shows that the running time of the three algorithms increases propotional to the size of the matrix. The result also shows that by using 𝛿���=34 for the LLL algorithm and the deep insertion LLL algorithm, and the greedy SVP LLL algorithm which is a new variant made by using no parameter of 𝛿���, outperform of the other of two previous algorithm in terms of speed with the same output.
Keyword: LLL algorithm, LLL deep insertion algorithm, greedy SVP LLL algorithm