Judul: Keterkaitan nilai land rent lahan sawah dengan kemiringan lereng, jarak terhadap jalan dan sungai di Kecamatan Padarincang Kabupaten Serang
Abstrak: Subdistrict Padarincang is one of the districts that have the largest paddy fields area in Serang is 3.709,22 ha. In general, the economic value of paddy fields is lower when compared to undeveloped land,so which will accelerate the transfer of paddy fields. This study aims to (1) identify the land rent value of paddy fields based on slope, distance to roads, and rivers, (2) analyze the relationship paddy fields land rent value with slope, distance to roads, and rivers, and (3) analyze the subsistence farmers level from farming results. Implementation of the research include: (1) mapping of paddy fields use, (2) analysis of the value of land rent and subsistence farmers, (3) analysis of land rent rate link with slope, distance roads, and rivers. Value of the land rent in District Padarincang paddy fields which is highest in paddy fields at slope located (0-3 %), is 0-500 m from the road, and within 200- 400 m from the river with a value of Rp 1.148,49 /m2/yr. While the land rent value was lowest for the wetland area located ramps slope (>8-15 %), within 1.000-1.500 m from the road, is 1.400 to 1.600 m from the river with a value of Rp 385,60 /m2/yr. The Linkage land rent value paddy fields located in Padarincang district with slope paddy fields has a strong relationship, so that the slope greatly affect the value of the land rent paddy fields. The relationship between income and expenditure for the owner or tenant farmers unreal with R2 respectively 0,358 and 0,038. It is shown that the value is smaller income than expenses (deficit). At the farmer owners of 60 % deficit, while sharecroppers all respondents 100 % deficit.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), road  dan river, slope, Land rent

Judul: Analisis land rent pemanfaatan lahan tambak di wilayah pesisir kabupaten Serang provinsi Banten
Abstrak: Pond fisheries is an activity whereby coastal land is used as the major of income for Serang Coastal Community. Tirtayasa Zona lies north of Serang Region and is established as the centre for pond fisheries. The major activity there, is the culture of milk fish (Bandeng). This research aim to identify the characteristic of milk fish culture, measure the land rent based on factor of fertility and distance, and to measure the effect of exogenous variabel changes to the land rent. The result shows that Subdistrict Pontang has the highest productivity and either highest production cost, while Subdistrict Tanara has the longest distance from the market. Based on Ricardian land rent concept, Subdistrict Pontang has the highest land rent that is Rp 1.571.237,00 while Subdis trict Tirtayasa assess land rent equal to Rp 1.327.500,00 and Subdistrict Tanara has the lowest land rent, that is Rp 513.000,00. Using multiple regresion analysis, obtained an equation that expressing the correllation between land rent with factor of productivity and distance. The equation shows, that productivity has a positif correllation with land rent, while distance has a negatif corellation with land rent. Result of optimalization analysis from the activity of Milk Fish culture in each subdistrict, shows that activity of Milk Fish culture practiced by farmers in Zona Tirtayasa almost reaching optimal condition. The result of sensitivity analysis , suggests that the increase of oil prices reduces the value of land rent and the magnitude of change in value of land rent is affected by the distance of the pond location from the market.
Keyword: 

Judul: Durability of Specific Immunoglobulin (Ig) Y Againts Influenza and Covid-19 in Sunscreen
Abstrak: The benefit of specific immunoglobulin Y (Ig Y) as an active ingredient in personal care products such as sunscreen has not been properly studied. Our study aims to evaluate the reliability of specific IgY against influenza and the COVID-19 virus in a sample sunscreen product. Specific IgY influenza and COVID-19 viruses were inserted in the sample sunscreen at two concentrations of 0.1% and 0.25%. Three treatments were observed: control (C) sunscreen without IgY, treatment 1 (T1) sunscreen with 0.1% IgY, and treatment 2 (T2) sunscreen with 0.25% IgY. Organoleptic observations were carried out to monitor changes in aroma, color, and texture, and sunscreen sampling was done every week for 6 weeks. The durability of IgY was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a neutralization assay. Organoleptic observation from weeks 1 to 6 showed consistency in its aroma, color, and texture. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization assay (NA) results of the T1 and T2 groups showed negative results except for sample T1 at week 5, which showed a positive result in the Influenza A ELISA. Based on the results, it seems that IgY concentrations of 0.1% or 0.25% were not optimal. However, this negative result might be due to low concentration of the IgY and the presence of beeswax, which inhibits IgY and causes it to dissolve in distilled water, thus preventing it from being detected in the assay.
Keyword: Immunoglobulin Y, Sunscreen, Influenza, COVID-19, Biological Activity