Judul: Effectiveness of Granular Bioherbicide Based on Purple Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) in Various Forms and Sizes for Weed Control in Upland Rice Cultivation.
Abstrak: Aplikasi bioherbisida berbasis umbi teki menjadi salah satu alternatif untuk mengurangi dampak persaingan gulma yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji keefektifan bioherbisida butiran berbasis umbi teki (Cyperus rotundus L.) 67,5 kg ha-1 dalam berbagai bentuk dan ukuran untuk mengendalikan gulma pada budidaya padi gogo serta pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan padi gogo. Percobaan disusun menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) faktor tunggal dengan dua belas perlakuan, yaitu: tanpa penyiangan (P0), penyiangan manual (P1), bioherbisida butiran bulat besar (P2), bioherbisida butiran bulat sedang (P3), bioherbisida butiran bulat kecil (P4), bioherbisida butiran bulat sangat kecil (P5), bioherbisida butiran silindris besar (P6), bioherbisida butiran silindris sedang (P7), bioherbisida butiran silindris kecil (P8), bioherbisida butiran silindris sangat kecil (P9), bioherbisida tepung 67,5 kg ha-1 (P10), herbisida sintetis Oksifluorfen 480 g ha-1 (P11). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi bioherbisida butiran pada berbagai bentuk dan ukuran efektif menekan pertumbuhan gulma golongan daun lebar hingga 4 MSA. Aplikasi bioherbisida berbasis umbi teki tidak menimbulkan gejala fitotoksisitas terhadap pertumbuhan padi gogo. Aplikasi terbaik bioherbisida butiran pada perlakuan bioherbisida butiran sangat kecil baik bentuk bulat maupun silindris yang efektif menekan pertumbuhan gulma total dan gulma dominan Alternanthera sessilis dan Mimosa pudica, serta dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil padi gogo., The application of bioherbicide based from purple nutsedge can be one alternative to reduce the impact of weed competition that is more environmentally friendly This study aims to test the effectiveness of granular bioherbicide on nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) 67.5 kg ha-1 in various shapes and sizes to control weeds in upland rice cultivation and its effect on upland rice growth. The experiment was designed using a random complete block design (RKLT) single factor with twelve treatments, namely: no weeding (P0), manual weeding (P1), large round granular bioherbicide (P2), medium round granular bioherbicide (P3), small round granular bioherbicide (P4), very small round granule bioherbicide (P5), large cylindrical granular bioherbicide (P6), medium cylindrical granular bioherbicide (P7), small cylindrical granular bioherbicide (P8), very small cylindrical granular bioherbicide (P9), powdery bioherbicide 67.5 kg ha-1 (P10), synthetic herbicide Oxifluorfen 480 g ha-1 (P11). The result of experiment that the application of granular bioherbicides in various forms and sizes effectively suppresses the growth of broadleaf weeds up to 4 weeks after treatment. The application of bioherbicide based from purple nutsedge didn’t cause phytotoxicity symptoms to upland rice growth. The best application of granular bioherbicide in the treatment of very small granular bioherbicide both round and cylindrical forms that effectively suppress total weed growth and dominant weeds Alternanthera sessilis and Mimosa pudica, and improving the growth and yield of upland rice.
Keyword: allelopathy, biological control, efficiency, environmentally friendly, sustainable agriculture

Judul: Effectiveness of Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) as Bioherbicide to Control Some Weed Species in Lowland Rice
Abstrak: Lahan tanaman padi di Indonesia yang luas masih belum bisa mencukupi kebutuhan pangan dalam negeri. Salah satu faktor penyebabnya adalah persaingan antara tanaman padi dan gulma. Inovasi yang dapat diterapkan dalam pengendalian gulma adalah aplikasi bioherbisida. Bioherbisida yang digunakan adalah bioherbisida dari senyawa alelopati yang dihasilkan tumbuhan. Senyawa alelopati dapat menekan bahkan mematikan tumbuhan lain di sekitarnya. Salah satu tumbuhan yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menjadi bahan baku bioherbisida adalah gulma teki (Cyperus rotundus L.). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas bioherbisida berbahan baku teki pada lahan pertanaman padi sawah. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) faktor tunggal dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari kontrol (P0), pengendalian manual (P1), bioherbisida granul 22,5 kg tepung ha-1(P2), bioherbisida granul 45 kg tepung ha-1(P3), bioherbisida granul 67,5 kg tepung ha-1(P4), bioherbisida larutan 45 kg tepung ha-1(P5), herbisida pratumbuh Oksifluorfen 2 l ha-1(P6). Hasil percobaan menunjukan bahwa aplikasi bioherbisida teki formulasi granul dosis 67,5 kg ha-1dapat menekan pertumbuhan gulma Ludwigia octovalvis, Pistia stratiotes, dan Paspalum distichum dibandingkan dengan perlakuan tanpa penyiangan di lahan pertanaman padi. Aplikasi bioherbisida teki dapat meningkatkan hasil panen dan tidak menimbulkan fitotoksisitas terhadap tanamanpadi. Kata kunci : alelopati, bioherbisida, gulma, padi sawah, teki, Competition between weeds and rice is one of factors that decreasing rice productivity. An innovation that can be applied in weed control is the application of bioherbicides. The bioherbicide is usualy made of allelopathic compounds produced by plants. Allelopathic compounds can suppress some weeds. One of the plants that can be used as raw material for bioherbicides is nutsedge weed (Cyperus rotundus L.). The objective of the research was to determine the effectiveness of bioherbicide made from nutsedges (Cyperus rotundus L.) in rice fields. The experiment was designed as randomized complete block design with single factor and three replications. The treatments were without weeding (P0), manual weeding (P1), granule bioherbicide from nutsedge 22,5 kg ha-1(P2), 45 kg ha-1(P3), 67,5 kg ha-1(P4), solution bioherbicide 45 kg ha-1(P5), and Oxyfluorfen herbicide 2 l ha-1(P6). The results of the experiment showed that the application of bioherbicide with granule formulations at 67,5 kg ha-1could suppress the growth of Ludwigia octovalvis, Pistia stratiotes, and Paspalum distichum weeds compared to the without weeding treatment. The application of bioherbicide made from nutsedge could increase crop yields and did not cause fitotoxicity to rice plants. Keywords: allelopathy, bioherbicide, lowland rice, sedge, weed
Keyword: allelopathy, bioherbicide, lowland rice, sedge, weed

Judul: Asymptotic Distribution of Estimator for the Intensity Function of a Doubly Periodic Poisson Process
Abstrak: In this manuscript, estimation of the intensity function of a doubly periodic Poisson process is discussed. It is assumed that only a single realization of the Poisson process is observed in a bounded window [0,n]. It is also assumed that the period of the intensity function is known. The rate of consistency and asymptotic normality of the estimator are formulated. Finally, a confidence interval for the local intensity function is also formulated.
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