Judul: Bioavailabilitas Kalsium secara In Vitro pada Produk Susu Komersial dengan Klaim Tinggi Kalsium Rendah Lemak
Abstrak: Dairy products claimed for high calcium and low fat become more available in the market. The objective of this study was to analyze in vitro bioavailability of calcium in milk products which have been claimed for high calcium and low fat . Two liquid, pasteurized and UHT, and a powdered milk product were used. The survey and sampling were conducted based on predetermined criteria through purposive sampling in several minimarket and supermarket in Bogor area. Each product was tested for the content of moisture, ash, protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, and also for calcium bioavailability. Total available calcium in each product was also calculated. There were significant difference in moisture content, protein, calcium, phosphor, and total available calcium among the milk products. Ash and fat content of each product were not significantly different. The highest calcium bioavailability was observed product A (64.01%) and the lowest was in product B (28.71%). The result of statistical analysis by ANOVA showed that different processing affected calcium bioavailability of three products (p<0.05). Calcium bioavailability of product A was the highest and the most noticeable different among three products. Levels of protein, fat, calcium, and phosphorus, and the type of milk did not correlate with calcium bioavailability
Keyword: calcium, bioavailability, high calcium low fat, milk

Judul: Bioavailabilitas Kalsium (Ca) dan Zat Besi (Fe) secara In Vitro pada Beberapa Prdouk Komersial Susu Ibu Hamil
Abstrak: Milk is one of animal foodstuffs that commonly consumed by human, because of its complete and higly nutritious substance, including calcium and iron. Mineral deficiencies, such as calcium and iron, remain a major problem in many developing countries including Indonesia especially for pregnant women. Commercial maternal milk product is a sourceof calcium and iron that is potential to be consumed. Some commercial maternal milk products in market offerhigh calcium and iron product. This study used four commercial maternal milk products as samples. The sampleswere selected based on the content of calcium, iron, dietary fiberand prebiotic (FOS and GOS) that are listed on the nutrition fact. Investigation of in vitro bioavailability for calcium and iron was the major objective of this study because the high calcium and iron content in food does not always describe whether the absorbed calcium and iron was also high. The moisture, ashes, protein, calcium, iron, phosphor, dietary fiber, zinc, available total calcium and available total iron contents among the milk product used in this study were significantly different (p<0,05). However, there is no significant relationship between type of product with bioavailability of calcium and bioavailability of iron (p>0,05). Futhermore there is no significant relationship between nutrients contents (fiber, phosphor, zinc, FOS and GOS) and the bioavailability calcium and biovailability iron on the samples. According to this study catogory of bioavailability of calcium and iron in commercial maternal milk productswas high.
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Judul: Closed Knight’s Tour pada Papan Catur Berbentuk Persegi Panjang dengan Ukuran Maksimal 8 × 8
Abstrak: Closed Knight’s Tour merupakan langkah kuda yang mengunjungi setiap kotak pada papan catur tepat satu kali dengan langkah kuda berawal dan berakhir pada kotak yang sama. Graf yang terbentuk dari closed knight’s tour dinotasikan sebagai graf G(m,n), dengan m adalah banyaknya baris dan n adalah banyaknya kolom. Graf tersebut memuat Hamiltonian cycle. Sebuah graf terhubung G adalah graf bipartite jika dan hanya jika graf tersebut tidak memiliki cycle dengan panjang ganjil. Papan catur yang memenuhi syarat cukup untuk memiliki closed knight’s tour adalah papan catur berukuran 5 × 6, 5 × 8, 6 × 6, 6 × 7, 6 × 8, 7 × 8, dan 8 × 8.
Keyword: bipartite, closed knight’s tour, hamiltonian cycle, knight’s tour, teori graf