Judul: Literature Review of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Polar Extract White Turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria)
Abstrak: Tanaman temu putih (Curcuma zedoaria) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat dengan media tanam minimalis yang dapat menjadi alternatif bagi masyarakat untuk mengubah pola hidup dengan cara back to nature. Rimpang temu putih mengandung senyawa fenolik tinggi yang bersifat sebagai antioksidan. Senyawa fenolik yang telah terdeteksi ialah kelompok asam hidroksisinamat dan kelompok flavonoid. Beberapa senyawa tersebut ialah kurkumin, demetoksikurkumin, bisdemetoksikurkumin, dihidrokurkumin, 3-hidroksi-1,7-bis(4-hidroksifenil)-6- hepten-1,5-dion, 5-hidroksi-1,7-bis(4-hidroksi-3-metoksifenil)-1-hepten-3-on, 1,7- bis(4-hidroksifenil)-1,4,6-heptatrien-3-on, 3,5-dihidroksi-1,7-difenilheptana, ermanin, kaempferida, kuersetin, dan naringenin. Perbedaan aktivitas antioksidan yang terkandung dalam senyawa fenolik dipengaruhi oleh kondisi geografi daerah tanam. Senyawa 5-hidroksi-1,7-bis(4-hidroksi-3-metoksifenil)-1-hepten-3-on merupakan senyawa dengan aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi. Struktur senyawa secara substansial merupakan faktor yang memengaruhi kekuatan aktivitas antioksidan tersebut. Atom hidrogen pada gugus hidroksil akan membuat aktivitas antioksidannya semakin tinggi., White turmeric (C. zedoaria) is one of the medicinal plants with minimalist planting media that can be an alternative for people to change their lifestyle. Rhizome of temu putih contains high phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Phenolic compounds that have been detected are the hydroxycinnamic acid and flavonoids group. The phenolic compounds are curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, dihydrocurcumin, 3-hydroxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)- 6-hepten-1,5-dione, 5-hydroxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-hepten-3- one, 1,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4,6-heptatrien-3-one, 3,5-dihydroxy-1,7- diphenylheptane, ermanin, kaempferide, quercetin, and naringenin. The difference antioxidant activity contained in the phenolic compounds are influenced by the geographical conditions. 5-Hydroxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1- hepten-3-one was the compound with the highest antioxidant activity. The structure of compounds is a substantial factor that influences the strength of these antioxidant activities. The hydrogen atoms of hydroxyl groups provide these compounds their high antioxidant activity.
Keyword: antioxidant, Curcuma zedoaria, functional group, phenolic compunds

Judul: Studi Literatur Senyawa Terpenoid Temu Putih (Curcuma zedoaria) dan Potensinya sebagai Antibakteri
Abstrak: Temu putih (Curcuma zedoaria) tergolong tanaman obat tradisional yang banyak digunakan untuk penyakit tersebab infeksi bakteri. Aktivitas antibakteri rimpangnya banyak dikaitkan dengan komponen metabolit sekunder dari golongan nonfenolik seperti terpenoid. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan menguraikan senyawa terpenoid yang teridentifikasi dari temu putih, dan menganalisis aktivitas antibakteri dari temu putih, serta menganalisis hubungan struktur terpenoid dengan aktivitasnya sebagai antibakteri. Terdapat total 112 senyawa terpenoid yang teridentifikasi pada minyak atsiri temu putih, di antaranya 30 monoterpenoid, 79 seskuiterpenoid, dan 3 diterpenoid. Sebanyak 14 terpenoid pada temu putih memiliki aktivitas antibakteri, sebagian besar terpenoid tersebut merupakan jenis terpena teroksigenasi, siklik, dan umumnya bersifat bakteriostatik. Aktivitas antibakteri pada ekstrak temu putih memiliki spektrum yang luas dan memiliki respons hambatan yang sangat kuat terhadap bakteri Gram positif. Faktor gugus fungsi, enantiomer, dan panjang rantai hidrokarbon yang terhubung ke gugus hidroksil dapat berpengaruh terhadap aktivitas antibakteri, sedangkan jumlah ikatan rangkap, struktur asiklik, monosiklik dan/atau bisiklik tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap aktivitas antibakteri.
Keyword: Antibacterial, Structural relationship, Temu putih, Terpenoid, antibacterial, structural relationship, temu putih, terpenoid

Judul: The Construction of Greedy SVP LLL Algorithm
Abstrak: A lattice is a set of all integer linear combination of a set of linearly independent vectors in ℝ𝑛���. The independent vectors are called bases of lattice. Any lattice can be generated from many bases, and these bases have the same cardinality. In the lattice, the most fundamental and renowned problem is the Shortest Vector Problem (SVP). SVP is a tracking problem of the shortest nonzero vector in a lattice with equivalent bases. In two dimensions, SVP problem has resolved exactly by Gauss’ algorithm. When the lattice dimension is higher than two, A.K. Lenstra, H.W. Lenstra and L. Lovasz gave a LLL algorithm to compute approximation of nonzero shortest vector in the lattice. Reduced bases solution obtained from LLL algorithm still be an approximation and has polynomial running time of arbitrary dimension which large enough. In 1994, Schnoor and Euchner modified this LLL algorithm as a new variant which later was named deep insertion LLL algorithm. This algorithm is a modified version of the LLL algorithm to the terms of the exchange step to improve the accuracy of output of LLL reduced bases and applying it to the subset sum problem. The purpose of this research are: (1) Reconstruct the LLL algorithm and deep insertion LLL algorithm using a geometric approach. (2) Construct a greedy SVP LLL algorithm. (3) Implement the three algorithms in a symbolic programming language, and evaluate them experimentally. A bases ℬ=[𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑛���] in ℝ𝑚��� is called reduced LLL with parameter 𝛿��� if satisfies: (a) |𝜇���𝑗���𝑖���|≤12, for every integer 𝑖���,𝑗��� with 1≤𝑖���<𝑗���<𝑛���. (b)𝛿���‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���)‖2≤‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���+1)‖2, for 𝑗���=1,2,…,𝑛���−1,where 𝛿��� is a reduced parameter of real numbers with 14<𝛿���<1. The first requirement is the reduced basis 𝛿��� must “nearly orthogonal” and in its computation case, this requirement can be reached out by using the Gram-Schmidt’s orthogonalization. While the second requirement is called exchange step, or used to called as Lovasz condition. By using both of these requirements, then they establish the LLL algorithm. Then, Schnoor and Euchner modify the LLL algorithm based on the requirements of the exchange step called the deep insertion LLL algorithm, where the exchange step is based on the comparison of the projected vector in orthogonal complement [𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑘���−1]⊥ after j-th reduction. To construct greedy SVP LLL algorithm, the requirements of the exchange step is based on purely by comparing norm of lattice 𝐛���𝑗��� with norm lattice 𝐛���𝑖��� for 𝑖���=1,2,3…,𝑗���−1. The process of insertion reduced vector after the exchange step also has done greedily. Then, we calculate the number of arithmetic operation in greedy SVP LLL algorithm for further analysis. The result of our exprimentation for three algorithms on the certain matrix size shows that the running time of the three algorithms increases propotional to the size of the matrix. The result also shows that by using 𝛿���=34 for the LLL algorithm and the deep insertion LLL algorithm, and the greedy SVP LLL algorithm which is a new variant made by using no parameter of 𝛿���, outperform of the other of two previous algorithm in terms of speed with the same output.
Keyword: LLL algorithm, LLL deep insertion algorithm, greedy SVP LLL algorithm