Judul: Pengaruh Sumber Protein dan Minyak dalam Ransum terhadap Jumlah dan Komposisi Asam Amino dan Asam Lemak Otak serta Kemampuan Belajar Tikus Percobaan
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh konsumsi jenis protein [tepung ternpe 0,daging ikan rendah lemak (DIRL) dan kasein (KS)] dan jenis minyak [minyak sawit (MS), minyak kedelai (MK), dan minyak ikan lemuru (MIL)] dalam ransum terhadap komposisi dan jumlah asam amino dan asam lemak otak serta kemampuan belajar tikus percobaan (Rattus norvegicus). Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua tahap, yaitu tahap pertarna mernpelajari pengaruh konsurnsi jenis protein dan tahap kedua mernpelajari pengaruh konsumsi jenis minyak.
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Judul: Pengaruh Sumber Protein terhadap Komposisi Asam Lemak dan Asam Amino Otak serta Kemampuan Belajar Tikus Percobaan yang Diberi Minyak Kedelai
Abstrak: Susunan syaraf makhluk hidup pada umumnya terdiri dari sel-sel neuron dan sel-sel glia, yang mulai dibentuk pada stadium embriologis. Hubungan antara satu neuron dengan neuron lain memerlukan impuls syaraf pembawa yang disebut tzezaotramnzitter. Prekursor dari neurotransmitter adalah asam-asam amino seperti serotonin, epinefriu dan norepinefriu (dibentuk dari asam amino tirosin). Protei~~ berperan penting dalam mensuplai asam amino yang akan mensintesis protein syaraf, pembentuk tzeurotransnzitter. serta pembentukan dan perbaikan sarung mielin otak. Selain protein, lemak juga sangat diperlukan terutama dalam proses pembentukan dan mempertahankan mielinisasi susunan syaraf otak. Asam-asam lemak tidak jenuh (terutama asam lemak Omega-3 dan Omega-6) berperan penting dalam fimgsi nonnal retina dan otak. Penelitian ini bertujuan unNk mempelajari sumber protein terbadap komposisi asam lemak dan asam amino otak serta kemampuan belajar tikus percobaan yang diberi minyak kedelai. Sebagai sumber protein pada ransum tikus adalah tepung beras berprotein tinggi (TBBT), tepung terigu berprotein tinggi (TTBT) serta kasein. Sedangkan sebagai sumber lemak ransum ketiga kelompok protein tersebut adalah minyak kedelai dengan konsentrasi 14.1%. T i s yang mengkonsumsi ransum sesuai kelompok protein masing-masing dianalisa asam amino dan asam lemak otaknya.
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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