Judul: Kebijakan Pemberantasan Illegal logging untuk Perlindungan Sumberdaya Hutan di Indonesia
Abstrak: The lost of world’s natural tropical forest is the highest in Indonesia (2,83 million ha per year). Combating illegal logging in Indonesia has become the priority of national program. The purpose of the research is to analyze the policy related to the combating illegal logging in Indonesia, the role of stakeholders and the formula of effective and legal way to to eliminate illegal logging in Indonesia. The research method uses the 4Rs method (Responsibilities, Rights, Revenues, and Relationship) to analyze the role of stakeholder in practicing the policy to eliminate the illegal logging in Indonesia. The analytical approach uses the Analytical Hierarchy Process, AHP, to create decision by using mathematical model. Data analysis in this research uses critical approach. The data compiled in this research are secondary data in the form of laws based on forest management regulation in Indonesia. The research observed illegal logging in Indonesia generally and Jambi specifically. The tendency of illegal logging in the prone forest territory with the potential of standing stocks shows that the illegal logging practice is influenced by the illegal log market. This is supported by the fact that operation to combat massive illegal logging happened in the Riau province, directly bordered to the Jambi province. The finding is the regulation related to illegal logging in Indonesia is appropriate to be used as law outside the forest territory but still related to the derivative act. Even though the law is sufficient, it is not effectively implemented due to the weak law enforcement and weak law compliance. The relation between law enforcer in order to eliminate illegal logging is approximately enough, yet weak between the forest technical and environmental institution with the regional institution. The priority of policy to combat illegal logging in Indonesia based on the data analysis result using AHP approach by showing factor, actor, purpose, and alternative policy which has the highest priority value is the law enforcement factor, government actor, the goal to recover the forest economy, and application of command-andcontrol- natured policy, respectively.
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Judul: Peran Pengelolaan Hutan Bersama Masyarakat dalam Mengatasi Masalah Pencurian Kayu Studi Kasus di KPH Jember Perum Perhutani Unit II Jawa Timur
Abstrak: Forest could simply be defined as a unified ecosystem in which the biological resources are dominated by trees that are tightly bound each other, in terms of environmental balances. Due to the various potential applications of any forestry resources, make forest prone to any missed-law exploitations (e.g., illegal logging). As a consequence, to negate the number of illegal logging, Perum Perhutani has initiated a program_Forest Management based of Community (PHBM). Hence, this study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PHBM as an effort to cut-down illegal logging especially in the boundary of KPH Jember Perum Perhutani Unit II East Java. This research was conducted by employing such stratification-of-random-sampling method, with group classifications of monthly income and occupation. Additionally, selection of the villages was according to the purposive–sampling method. There were two distinguishable data utilized such as: (i) primary data (field studies and interview of 90 respondents) and (ii) secondary data (information found in books, scientific journals, thesis, dissertation and other documentary resources). The data showed several concluding remarks of illegal logging characteristics, such as (a) types of wood being stolen, likely sengon, teak and mahogany, (b) diameter of the tree of approximately 10-30 cm, (c) reason for selecting such diameter as it is easy to transport, and (d) the illegal logging becomes a major alternative way for the local people to fit out them necessaries. Furthermore, the number of the illegal logging in 2008-2012 decreased from 229 to 118 cases, except for the RPH Mumbulsari which was still increased. The main role of local people for tackling illegal logging located in RPH Mumbulsari, RPH Garahan and RPH Jelbuk was done by patrol activities including making such control-posts in certain locations. However, the data showed the effectiveness of PHBM program on the RPH Mumbulsari wherein a pattern of mixed-planting between teak and crops (palawija) implemented could not reduce the number of illegal logging significantly, whereas one that a pattern of mixed planting between pine and crops or coffee (RPH Garahan and RPH Jelbuk) carried out showed the positive impacts by the reduced number of illegal logging. Keywords: PHBM, illegal logging, forest, Perum Perhutani.
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Judul: Disain Model Alat pasteurisasi susu Otomatis
Abstrak: Pada umumnya, bahan pangan mempunyai sifat mudah rusak. Kerusakan ini tergantung dari jenis bahan pangannya, dapat berlangsung secara lambat misalnya pada biji-bijian, atau dapat berlangsung secara sangat cepat misalnya pada susu. Salah satu cara pengawetan bahan pangan adalah dengan menggunakan energi panas, misalnya cara pasteurisasi. Pasteurisasi merupakan suatu cara atau langkah dalam pengawetan yang biasa dilakukan pada susu. Pengaruh pasteurisasi susu antara sebagai berikut; air susu lebih lama dapat disimpan, раda suhu rendah malahan dapat disimpan beberapa hari; air su- su tidak lagi mengandung kuman-kuman patogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang suatu model alat pasteurisasi susu dengan memanfaatkan teknologi elektronik pada alat kontrol suhunya. Model alat pasteurisasi susu otomatis yang didisain terdiri dari dua bagian, yaitu alat pasteurisasi susu dan alat pengatur suhu. Bagian alat pasteurisasi terdiri dari tanki pasteurisasi, tanki medium pemanas, pompa dan unit pencatu daya. Sedangkan bagian alat pengatur suhu terdiri dari unit pengindera, unit penguat tegangan, unit penanding (comparator), unit penguat arus, unit kontrol (relai) dan unit pencatu daya. Dari hasil pengujian yang dilakukan terhadap keseragaman suhu, model alat pasteurisasi yang dibuat masih menghasilkan perbedaan suhu selama proses pasteurisasi. Waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk mencapai suhu pasteurisasi (63°C) dengan suhu awal 27, 29 dan 31.10 °C adalah berturut-turut 14.833, 14.733 dan 11.833 menit. Alat pengatur suhu yang dibuat dapat mencakup kisaran pengaturan suhu dari 40 sampai 75 °C, dengan selang kepekaan sebesar 0.003 volt. Penelitian lebih lanjut terhadap konstruksi tanki pasteurisasi dan sistim pengadukkannya perlu dilakukan untuk memperoleh tingkat keseragaman suhu yang lebih baik, begitu juga terhadap bahan pembalut sensor, kestabilan alat pengatur suhu, pengembangan rangkaian unit penanding (comparator) dan unit penguat serta kestabilan tegangan pada setiap unit fungsional alat pengatur suhu diperlukan untuk mempertinggi kualitas dan kemampuannya.
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