Judul: Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Fragmen Gen LEAFY dari Bantalan Bunga Kakao
Abstrak: Cocoa plant productivity in Indonesia is still low. Information and knowledge at the molecular level about the process of development of regenerative organs of cocoa can be an effective solution to problems associated with the regenerative low productivity of cocoa plants.LEAFY gen is key gene in the shoot meristem transition to flower one. The purposes of the research were to isolate LEAFY gene from cacao’s flower cushion and analyse its expresion in several cacao’s tissues. Isolation of LEAFY gene using Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) technique showed that three spesific primer pairs designed based conserved area can amplify the target gene. Futhermore this fragment were inserted into pGEM-T Easy vector then transformed into competent cell E. Coli XL-1 Blue. The result of bioinformatic analysis showed that the fragment of target gene has a high homology to LEAFY gene of other plants in gene bank’s database. Characterization of target gene was initiated with RNA isolation phase from several cacao’s tissues then those were amplified with RT-PCR technique. Amplification at 62 ºC of annealing temperature for 33 cycles was successful to show the existence of LEAFY gene in several cacao’s tissues isolated.
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Judul: Penyisipan Gen LEAFY Lengkap Tanaman Kakao pada Vektor Ekspresi dan Transformasi ke dalam Agrobacterium sp.
Abstrak: Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is one of the plantations that has important role for the national economy. However, one of the problems faced in the cocoa plantations is cherelle wilt. Cherelle wilt reduces the level of productivity of cocoa. Flowering genes regulate the normal flower formation in cacao. One of the genes that play a major role in the flower formation is the LEAFY gene. Studying the flowering genes are expected to elucidate the effect of these genes to cherelle wilt. The objective of this research is to construct expression vector harbouring fulllength of LEAFY gene. The fulllength of LEAFY gene that has been inserted into the expression vector was then transformed into Agrobacterium tumefaciens AGL-0. Cloning of LEAFY gene into expression vector was carried out using the Gateway technology. The full size LEAFY gene of 1200 bp was first inserted into a donor vector and then inserted into the expression vector. Characterization of expression vector inserted with LEAFY gene was carried out using the PCR plasmid technique which resulted in a DNA band of 500 bp. Expression vector inserted with LEAFY gene was transformed into the Agrobacterium tumefaciens AGL-0. Analysis of recombinant plasmid after transformation into the Agrobacterium tumefaciens AGL-0 using PCR plasmid technique result in a DNA band of 500 bp. The conclusion of this research is that the fulllength of LEAFY gene had successfully been inserted into the expression vector with Gateway technology.
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Judul: Solusi Geometri Schwarzschild untuk Dimensi 4+1 dengan Invarian Rotasi Isotropik
Abstrak: Metrik Schwarzschild merupakan solusi eksak pertama dari persamaan medan Einstein dengan mangasumsikan metrik statik dan simetris. Metrik Schwarzschild yang ditemukan oleh Karl Schwarzschild masih dalam dimensi 3+1, namun seiring dengan teori-teori terbaru yang menunjukkan bahwa alam semesta tidak hanya di dimensi 3+1. Maka melalui penambahan dimensi, tujuan penelitian ini memperoleh solusi pada geometri Schwarzschild untuk dimensi 4+1 dengan memodifikasi koordinat bola yang invarian rotasi isotropik dan melalui penurunan rumus seperti koordinat bola, simbol Christoffel, dan tensor Ricci. Selain mendapatkan solusi ini, metrik Schwarzschild dimensi 4+1 dapat digunakan sebagai metrik dasar untuk memperoleh solusi blackhole dan wormhole pada dimensi 4+1. Hasil akhirnya, dengan memanfaatkan modifikasi koordinat bola, metrik Schwarzschild dapat dibentuk sehingga diperoleh solusi geometri Schwarzschild untuk dimensi 4+1.
Keyword: metrik Schwarzschild, persamaan medan Einstein, modifikasi koordinat bola, penambahan dimensi, invarian rotasi isotropik