Judul: The Influence of Usage of Sweet Potato, Garut and Onggok Flour on Physical Properties and Long Storage of Broiler Feed in Pellet
Abstrak: Pellet merupakan bahan baku pakan yang telah dicampur, dikompakkan dan dicetak dengan mengeluarkan dari lubang die melalui proses mekanik. Kualitas pellet dapat ditingkatkan dengan penambahan bahan perekat pada bahan baku pakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya simpan pakan ayam broiler dalam bentuk pellet dengan berbagai bahan perekat dan lama penyimpanan Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan faktorial dengan pola Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Faktor A adalah jenis perekat yang digunakan yaitu A1=kontrol, A2=onggok 2%, A3=tepung ubi jalar 2%, A4=tepung garut=2% dan faktor B adalah lama penyimpanan yaitu B1=0 minggu, B2=2 minggu, B3=4 minggu dan B4=6 minggu. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis of varian (ANOVA), hasil yang signifikan diuji lanjut dengan menggunakan uji kontras orthogonal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis perekat yang digunakan sangat nyata (p<0,01) terhadap sudut tumpukan, kerapatan tumpukan dan PDI pada pellet dengan perekat onggok. Lama penyimpanan sangat nyata (p<0,01) terhadap ukuran partikel, sudut tumpukan, kerapatan pemadatan tumpukan dan ketahanan benturan pellet dan PDI. Interaksi antara jenis perekat yang digunakan dan lama penyimpanan sangat nyata (p<0,01) terhadap PDI. Selama penyimpanan enam minggu tidak ditemukan serangga pada pellet tersebut. Jenis perekat yang paling baik dapat mempertahankan kualitas pellet adalah onggok, karena pellet dengan perekat onggok paling baik dalam mempertahankan kekuatan dan kekokohan fisik pellet setelah penyimpanan selama enam minggu. Pellet dengan perekat onggok memiliki nilai tertinggi pada sifat fisik kerapatan pemadatan tumpukan (0,639±0,01 gram/ml), kerapatan tumpukan (0,57±0.01 gram/ml), ketahanan benturan pellet (94,48±3,18 %) dan PDI (83,54±12,77 %).
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Judul: Pengaruh Tepung Garut, Ubi Jalar, dan Onggok Sebagai Bahan Perekat Alami Pelet Terhadap Kualitas Fisik Pakan dan Performa Ayam Broiler
Abstrak: Binder is a substance that has the function to bind the feed component in the form of pellets so that its structure remains compact. The purpose of this research was to know the effect of addition of garut flour, sweet potato flour, and onggok as natural binder for pellet on physical quality of feed and performace of broiler chickens. Completely Randomized Design was used in this experiment, using 4 treatments and 3 replications on physical quality feed, and 4 treatments and 4 replications on performance of broiler. The treatments were R1 = control without binder, R2 = addition of onggok 2%, R3 = addition of sweet potato flour 2%, R4 = addition of garut flour 2%. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Varience (ANOVA) and significant results were further tested using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The results showed that addition of onggok 2% in feed influenced (P<0.05) angle of repose (26.30°) and pellet durability index (98.35%), but the treatments in terms did not influence the performance of broiler chickens. The conclusion of this experiment was that onggok 2% as binder yielded the best pellet quality of broiler chickens. The treatments did not influence the performance of broiler chickens. Addition onggok 2% as binder yielded the highest value of IOFCC (Rp. 2337.82/bird)
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Judul: Mitochondrial DNA Gene Organization and Phylogenetic Relationship of Naja siamensis
Abstrak: Naja siamensis is one of Asiatic cobra in the Family of Elapidae, known as a cryptic snake. It has many morphological variations that lead to misidentification. Misidentification can cause the wrong concept in developing antivenom types due to high snakebite cases occur in Thailand. Thus, an accurate species identification using a molecular approach is crucially required. Mitochondrial DNA has been used widely in snake molecular studies. These studies were aimed to determine the arrangement of the N. siamensis partial mitochondrial genes using reptile-oriented primers and to reveal the phylogenetic relationship among other species of Asian cobra. DNA extraction was carried out based on the standard DNA salting-out protocol and was conducted by bioinformatics analysis using BLASTn and MEGA 6 software. Gene annotation was performed against N. kaouthia complete genome. A total of 3121 bp of N. siamensis mtDNA genes were sequenced consisting of partial of six regions: 16S rRNA, ND1, tRNA-Ile, CRII region, tRNA-Leu, tRNA-Gln, and COI genes. The mtDNA gene organization of N. siamensis was predicted to has a similar pattern with the common Elapidae mtDNA gene organization. This study showed that there is a monophyletic form in Naja genus and N. kaouthia is the closest species with N. siamensis based on partial 16S rRNA and ND1 gene.
Keyword: 16S rRNA, Elapidae, ND1, phylogenetic relationship