Judul: The Economic Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic and the Health Protocols Carrying Capacity Based Tourism Management at Boonpring Andeman Malang
Abstrak: Pada akhir tahun 2019 terjadi kasus penyebaran virus corona (Covid-19) yang berdampak pada aktivitas ekonomi di Indonesia, dimana salah satu sektor ekonmi yang merasakan dampak yang besar adalah pariwisata. Dampak pandemic terhadap aktivitas wisata juga dirasakan di kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman. Terlaksananya kegiatan wisata berbasis protokol kesehatan di Kawasan Wisata Boonpring Andeman dengan membatasi jumlah pengunjung dapat selaras dengan daya dukung kawasan agar kawasan wisata dapat berkelanjutan dengan menjaga keamanan, kenyamanan, serta kelestarian sumberdaya alam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) mengestimasi dampak ekonomi dan lingkungan sebelum dan sesudah adanya pandemi di kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman, (2) mengestimasi kapasitas daya dukung kawasan apabila terlaksananya upaya pembatasan sesuai protokol kesehatan Covid-19 di kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman, (3) menganalisis pengelolaan wisata Boonpring Andeman yang adaptif terhadap pandemi Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan yaitu multiplier effect, analisis Daya Dukung Kawasan (DDK), dan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai Keynesian Income Multiplier di kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman menurun, sedangkan nilai Ratio Income Multiplier Tipe I dan II mengalami peningkatan. Kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman masih under carrying capacity dari segi fisiknya. Pengelolaan wisata yang adaptif terhadap pandemi Covid-19 dapat diterapkan di kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman., At the end of 2019 there were cases of the spread of the corona virus (Covid-19) which had an impact on economic activity in Indonesia, one of which was from the tourism sector. This pandemic has implications for activities from the tourism sector, including in the Boonpring Andeman tourist area. The implementation of health protocols by limiting the number of visitors can be in line with the carrying capacity of the area so that tourist areas can be sustainable by maintaining security, comfort, and the preservation of natural resources. The objectives of this study are: (1) to estimate the economic and environmental impacts before and after the pandemic in the Boonpring Andeman tourist area, (2) to estimate the carrying capacity of the area if the restrictions are implemented according to the Covid-19 health protocol in the Boonpring Andeman tourist area, (3) analyzing the management of Boonpring Andeman tourism which is adaptive to the Covid-19 pandemic. The method used is the multiplier effect, analysis of Regional Carrying Capacity (DDK), and descriptive analysis. The results showed that the value of the Keynesian Income Multiplier in the Boonpring Andeman tourist area decreased, while the value of the Ratio Income Multiplier Type I and II increased. The Boonpring Andeman tourist area is still under carrying capacity from a physical point of view. Tourism management that is adaptive to the Covid-19 pandemic can be applied in the Boonpring Andeman tourist area.
Keyword: carrying capacity, multiplier effect, new normal, physical and social restrictions

Judul: Analisis Dampak Ekonomi dan Strategi Pengelolaan Wisata yang Adaptif Pasca Covid-19 di Pulau Pahawang Lampung
Abstrak: Covid-19 memberikan dampak buruk bagi pariwisata di Indonesia. Tekanan pada industri pariwisata sangat terlihat dengan penurunan yang besar pada jumlah wisatawan. Akibat adanya kebijakan pembatasan menyebabkan kunjungan wisata mengalami penurunan. Kawasan wisata Pulau Pahawang merupakan wisata unggulan di Lampung dan lokasi wisata ini menjadi lokasi sumber mata pencaharian masyarakat sekitar, namun dengan adanya Covid-19 memberikan dampak buruk bagi kegiatan wisata. Berdasarkan hal tersebut penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menganalisis dampak ekonomi yang timbul sebelum dan saat pandemi Covid-19 di Kawasan Wisata Pulau Pahawang; (2) mengestimasi daya dukung kawasan wisata Pulau Pahawang sebelum dan saat pandemi, (3) menganalisis strategi adaptif pengelolaan kawasan wisata Pulau Pahawang akibat pandemi. Metode analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah multiplier effect, daya dukung fisik, dan Analitycal Hierarchy Process (AHP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hadirnya pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan nilai Keynesian Income Multiplier mengalami penurunan dan nilainya kurang dari satu sehingga memberikan dampak yang rendah. Sementara itu Ratio Income Multiplier tipe I dan II mengalami kenaikan dan memilki nilai lebih dari satu sehingga berdampak baik bagi masyarakat. Daya dukung kawasan wisata Pulau Pahawang berada pada under carrying capacity, dimana sebelum Covid-19 sebesar 10.436 orang/hari dan saat Covid-19 sebesar 7.693 orang/hari. Alternatif strategi pengelolaan yang akan dilakukan adalah pengelolaan potensi SDA dan SDM., Covid-19 has had a negative impact on tourism in Indonesia. The pressure on the tourism industry is very visible from the large decline in the number of tourists. Tourist visits have decreased as a result of the restriction policy. The Pahawang Island tourist area is a leading tourist area in Lampung and this tourist location is a source of livelihood for the local community, but the presence of Covid-19 has had a negative impact on tourism activities. This study aims to (1) analyze the economic impact that arose before and during the Covid-19 pandemic in the Pahawang Island Tourism Area; (2) estimating the carrying capacity of the Pahawang Island tourism area before and during the pandemic; and (3) analyzing post-pandemic adaptive strategies for managing the Pahawang Island Tourism Area. The analytical methods used in this study are the multiplier effect, carrying capacity analysis, and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The results showed that the presence of the Covid-19 pandemic caused the Keynesian Income Multiplier value to decrease, but the Type I and II Income Multiplier Ratios each increased so that it had a good impact on society. The carrying capacity of the Pahawang Island tourist area is at under carrying capacity, with 10.436 people/day before Covid-19 and 7.693 people/day during Covid-19. An alternative management strategy that can be carried out is management of potential natural recources and human recources.
Keyword: AHP, Carrying Capacity, Multiplier Effect

Judul: Pembuatan Film Tipis Cu2ZnSnS4 sebagai Lapisan Penyerap Cahaya pada Sel Surya Menggunakan Metode Elektrodeposisi
Abstrak: Thin film of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is an alternative semiconductor used as light absorber layer on solar cell. CZTS can replace silicon that commonly used as commercial semiconductor. The advantage of using CZTS as absorber layer is due to the abundance of its chemical composer on earth, and its high value of absorption coefficient. The absorber layer was made by using electrodeposition method on ITO glass substrates. The films were deposited at room temperature using potentiostatic mode with a potential of –1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes. After that, the films were annealed at two different temperatures, 180 ºC and 500 °C, for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. Based on X-ray diffraction analysis, the polycrystalline thin film obtained fall into kesterite crystal phase. This type of crystal was obtained when the CZTS was annealed at 500 °C in H2S/N2 atmosphere. The value of optical band gap energy for the CZTS thin film was 2.2 eV with the film thickness about 1.228–6.366 μm. The sample of CZTS with electrodeposition time of 45 minutes and annealing temperature of 500 °C showed the best result and in conformity with absorber layers criteria for solar cells.
Keyword: semiconductor, ITO glass, CZTS thin film, electrodeposition