Judul: Mempelajari Kemungkinan Perubahan Pengolahan Tanah Cara Tradisionil Menjadi Pengolahan Tanah Cara Mekanis Dalam Sistim Reynoso di Perkebunan Tebu Pabrik Gula Olean Situbondo Jawa Timur
Abstrak: Letak Pabrik Gula Olean di daerah Tingkat II Situbondo, Jawa Timur yaitu 3 km di sebelah Utara kota Situbondo. Pabrik Gula Olean didirikan pada tanggal 23 Juni 1888, pada saat pemerintahan Hindia Belanda di Indonesia. Kini Pabrik Gula Olean berada di bawah pengawasan Direktorat Jendral Perkebunan, Departemen Pertanian Republik Indonesia. Pengelolaannya diserahkan kepada Perusahaan Terbatas Perkebunan XXI V XXV - (PERSERO) yang berkantor pusat di Surabaya. Pimpinan tertinggi Pabrik Gula Olean adalah Administratur, yang langsung bertanggung jawab kepada Perusahaan Terbatas Perkebunan XXIV XXV (PERSERO) di Surabaya. Administratur mengkoordinir beberapa bagian bidang pekerjaan yaitu : 1. Bagian Tata Usaha dan Keuangan yang mengurus pekerjaan administrasi dan keuangan. 2. Bagian Tanaman yang mengurus pertanaman dan produksi tebu. 3. Bagian Instalasi yang mengurus peralatan dan mesin-mesin prosesing dalam pabrik. 4. Bagian Pabrikasi yang mengurus dan bertanggung jawab terhadap proses pembuatan gula.
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Judul: Pengusahaan Tebu Di Perusahaan Perseroan PT Perkebunan IX Pabrik Gula COT Girex Lhok Sukon Aceh Utara
Abstrak: Tanaman tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) merupakan sa- lah satu tanaman penting sebagai penghasil gula. Lebih da- ri setengah produksi gula dunia berasal dari tebu. Semula Indonesia merupakan penghasil dan pengekspor gula terbesar kedua di dunia. Tetapi setelah terjadi kri- sis ekonomi dan perang dunia II, produksi gula Indonesia menurun. Kemerosotan produksi tersebut antara lain disebab- kan menurunnya harga ekspor dan banyak pabrik gula yang ru- sak akibat perang dunia II (Sudiatso, 1980). Di Indonesia saat ini produksi gula masih belum mencu- kupi kebutuhan dalam negeri. Berbagai tindakan diambil oleh pemerintah baik mengimpor gula maupun meningkatkan pro- duksi gula dalam negeri. Pada Pelita III pemerintah telah merencanakan akan mendirikan 18 buah pabrik gula besar (PGB) di luar pulau Jawa yang pengelolaannya selain oleh pemerintah juga oleh pihak swasta (Anonymous, 1980).
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Judul: Provision of vaccine effectiveness against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) at different temperatures of media
Abstrak: The aims of this study were to assess the physiological and haematological responses of fish due to different water temperatures, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (ich) infection, and vaccination with ich theront stadia. The research was conducted in three stages. The first stage was designed to determine the temperature range that could cause stress in fish and had potency to cause ich infection. In the second stage, fish was infected with ich. The last stage was carried out to investigate the effect of vaccination. Physiological changes in fish from each stage were determined. The results of the first stage showed that cortisol levels at 20, 24, and 28⁰C and glucose levels at 24 and 28oC increased until 21st day. Fish that was kept at 24oC had the lowest survival rate (87±3.35%) and fish that was kept at 32oC had the highest survival rate (100%). In the second stage, infected fish at 20oC was under great stress, which was characterized by the increase in cortisol levels by 51.38% on 3rd day, increase in glucose levels by 60.93%, decrease in osmolarity by 18.40%, decrease lymphocytes percentage by 16.44%, and the lowest survival rate (58.11±2.16%). The damage that was affected by I. multifiliis could be seen by the presence of hypercellular, many goblet cells, and infiltration of lymphocytes cells. Lastly, vaccination caused the decrease in cortisol levels and increase in glucose levels until 14th day. The prevalence of I. multifiliis in the vaccinated fish decreased with the increase in temperature, and I. multifiliis prevalence at 20⁰C was 80.03±10.00% and at 28⁰C was 0%, and the highest survival rate was obtained at 28⁰C (100%).
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