Judul: Rancangan Bangunan Hidrolika pada Jaringan Irigasi Pedesaan di Desa Pekiringan Alit, Kecamatan Kajen-Pekalongan
Abstrak: The objective of the research is to design the hydraulics structures on rural irrigation scheme, which include: analysis of irrigation water sufficiency, design of rural irrigation scheme layout, design of pump station, design of open channel, and design of diversion box. The study was conducted in the village of Pekiringan Alit, District Kajen, Pekalongan, Central Java, with two scenarios, i.e. the first scenario with cropping pattern of sugarcane and the second scenario with cropping pattern of corn-beans-melon-tomatoes. Based on analysis, the irrigation water requirements unit of scenario 1 is 0.53 l/dt/ha while for scenario 2 is 0.42 l/dt/ha. The irrigation water requirements can be fulfilled from Sragi River with minimum flow of 537 l/sec. Layout of irrigation scheme consists of 4 irrigated blocks with a total area of 27.15 hectares. Pump station was designed with a capacity of 17.99 l/sec and total dynamic head (TDH) of 14.11 meters. The irrigation water delivery system was designed with three options, i.e. trapezoidal earth channel with a bottom width of 0.3 meters and top width of 0.9 meter, rectangular lining channel with a bottom width and top width of 0.3 meters, and piping channel with a diameter of 4 inches, 3 inches, and 2 inches. The diversion box was designed with dimensions of 0.8 meters height, 0.5 meters width, 0.6 meters length.
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Judul: Rancangan Teknik Bangunan Irigasi Pedesaan di Desa Petir dan Desa Neglasari Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: The availability of water in rural irrigation schemes is a main factor have to be considered in managing irrigation water. This study was conducted in Neglasari village and Petir village. In Neglasari village, the problem was irrigation water shortage during dry season because water from the river did not flow into intake channel, whereas the problems in Petir village were unstable channel and the dam height was not sufficient. The purpose of this study was to prepare engineering design of dam in Neglasari village, and diversion box and dam in Petir Village. The engineering design of dam in the Neglasari village has been prepared with the construction of gabions, reinforced with concrete columns and the total construction cost of 17,363,000 rupiahs. The engineering design of diversion box in Petir village has been prepared with masonry construction and the total construction cost of 4,730,000 rupiahs. The engineering design of dam in Petir village has also been prepared with the construction of gabions and the total contruction cost of 7,000,000 rupiahs. The participation of farmers is the important factor for the success of rural irrigation schemes management
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Judul: Beberapa aspek toxoplasmosis pada domba
Abstrak: Toxoplasmosis merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh infeksi protozoa yaitu Toxoplasma gondii. Menurut Kudo (1960), Toxoplasma digolongkan dalam filum Protozoa, sub filum Plasmodroma, kelas Sporozoa, sub kelas Telosporidia, ordo Haemosporidia, famili Babesiidae dan genus Toxoplasma. Selanjutnya Levine et al. (1980) dalam Thomas Cheng (1986), memngklasifikasikan Toxoplasma sebagai berikut : filum Apicomplexa, kelas Sporozoa, sub kelas Coccidia, ordo Eucoccidiida dan sub ordo Eimiriina dengan genus Toxoplasma. Toxoplasma gondii berkembang biak secara seksual dan aseksual. Stadium seksual terjadi di dalam epitel usus ku- cing rumah dan famili Felidae lainnya, sedangkan perkembang biakkan secara aseksual terjadi pada induk semang antara yaitu carnivora, herbivora dan mamalia (Levine, 1973). Kucing mengeluarkan ookista yang belum bersporulasi dalam feses selama 3 10 hari. Hal Ini terjadi setelah kucing tersebut memakan tikus yang telah terinfeksi bradizoit atau trofozoit atau mencerna ookista (Dubey dan Frenkel, 1976 dalam Georgi, 1980). Induk semang antara dapat terinfeksi Toxoplasma gondii bila tertulari ookista bersporulasi dari feses kucing, takhi- zoit atau bradizoit yang terdapat dalam jaringan induk semang antara yang lain, dapat juga terjadi karena terinfeksi takhizoit melalui penularan secara transplasental (Soulsby 1982). Dalam imunitas terdapat satu hal yang menarik yaitu kemampuan Toxoplasma untuk bertahan dalam makrofag yang seca- ra umum dapat membunuh organisme ekstraselular. Menurut Ian Tizzard (1981), respon kekebalan yang perta- ma dari tubuh terhadap parasit Toxoplasma gondii adalah res- pon kekebalan selular (CMI response). Sebagian besar infeksi oleh Toxoplasma gondii tidak menunjukkan gejala klinis yang jelas. Pada domba gejala klinis yang dapat terlihat berupa demam, dispnoe. tremor secara umum dan kadang-kadang terlihat adanya inkoordinasi gerak. Tetapi gejala yang paling umum terjadi adalah plasentitis diikuti abortus atau terjadi kematian foetus pada saat 3 atau 4 minggu terakhir dari kebuntingan. Selanjutnya pada domba gejala dari dikatakan juga gejala yang dapat terlihat betina adalah "circle walking" yang merupakan encephalitis (Soulsby, 1982)…dst
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