Judul: Effect of Harvest Ages on Production, Seeds Quality, Biomass of Sorghum of Varieties of Samurai 2
Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi produksi, kualitas benih, dan biomassa tanaman sorgum berdasarkan umur panen yang berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan tanaman sorgum varietas samurai 2 dan didesain menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA, apabila berbeda nyata, dilakukan uji lanjut menggunakan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Perlakuan umur panen tanaman sorgum terdiri dari 95 HST (U1), 100 HST (U2), 105 HST (U3), dan 110 HST (U4). Peubah yang diukur pada penelitian ini adalah kadar air benih, panjang malai, berat malai, berat kering malai, berat benih pipil, berat kering benih pipil, berat 1000 benih, dan viabilitas benih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan umur panen tanaman sorgum 105 HST signifikan meningkatkan berat benih dan berat 1000 benih. Perlakuan umur panen 105 HST juga signifikan meningkatkan viabilitas benih dan hasil terbaik pada hari ke 4 dan 7, serta biomassa produksi tertinggi., The aim of this study was to evaluate the production, seeds quality, and biomass of sorghum varieties of samurai 2 at harvest ages. This study used sorghum varieties of samurai 2 and designed a Randomized Block Design (RDB) with 4 treatments and 5 replication. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and any significant differences were further tested using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Sorghum was harvested at the age of 95 DAH (U1), 100 DAH (U2), 105 DAH (U3), and 110 DAH (U4). The measured variable were moisture content of seed, panicle length, panicle weight, panicle dry weight, weight of pipil seed, dry weight of pipil seed, weight of 1000 seeds, and viability of seed. The results showed that the treatment of sorghum at 105 DAH significantyly increased weight of seed and weight of 1000 seeds. Furthermore, the treatment of sorghum at 105 DAH significantly increased viability of seed and get the best value of day-4 and day-7, and highest of biomassa production.
Keyword: harvest age, panicle, seed, sorghum, viability

Judul: Production and Viability of Sorghum Seed Samurai 2 with  Different Harvesting Ages in Rainy Seasons
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi produksi dan viabilitas benih sorgum berdasarkan umur panen yang berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan sorgum varietas samurai 2 yang dirancang dengan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 5 kelompok meliputi K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 dan 5 perlakuan umur panen berbeda meliputi 90 HST (P1), 95 HST (P2), 100 HST (P3), 105 HST (P4) dan 110 HST (P5). Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan ANOVA dan apabila perbedaan yang nyata terjadi maka dilakukan uji lanjut menggunakan uji lanjut Duncan. Peubah yang diukur adalah panjang malai, berat segar malai, berat kering malai, berat biji pipil, berat 1000 biji, jumlah biji, produksi biji kering, total biomassa segar malai, total biomassa kering malai dan viabilitas benih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa umur panen 90 sampai 100 HST meningkatkan berat segar malai, berat kering malai, total biomassa segar malai, total biomassa kering malai, berat biji pipil, berat 1000 biji, dan produksi biji kering. Produksi dan viabilitas benih sorgum varietas samurai 2 terbaik pada waktu musim hujan yaitu pada umur panen 90 HST., This research was conducted to evaluate the production and viability of seed sorghum based on different harvesting ages. This research was use sorghum varieties of samurai 2 and designed a randomized block design (RDB) with 5 blocks which included K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 and 5 treatments of different harvesting age which included 90 DAP (P1), 95 DAP (P2), 100 DAP (P3), 105 DAP (P4) and 110 DAP (P5). The data were analyzed using ANOVA and any significant differences were further tested using duncan multiple range test (DMRT). The measured variable was panicle length, weight, dry weight; dry weight of seed per panicle, 1000 seeds weight, number of seeds, dry seed production; total panicle fresh and dry biomass; and seed viability. The results showed that the harvesting age of 90 to 100 DAP increased panicle weight and dry weight; total panicle fresh and dry biomass; seed dry weight, 1000 weight and production of seed. The best production and viability during the rainy season of sorghum seeds samurai 2 variety was harvested at age 90 DAP.
Keyword: harvest age, panicle, sorghum, viability, seed

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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