Judul: Behaviour of double shear connections strength wood beam with nails of steel side plates under uni-axial compression loading
Abstrak: Connection is the weakest point of the structural building. Structural construction building system must try to ensure that there is only a tensile force or just axial compression that is working on the connection. This research objective is to analysis the behaviour of the strength or the lateral design values (Z) double shear connections wood beam with nails of steel side plates under uni-axial compression loading of ten Indonesian wood species. The research results showed that average moisture content (MC) for the main member varies from 13.3 to 22.5% while average specific gravity (SG) from 0.27 to 0.76 and then wood density from 0.31 to 0.89 g/cm3. From this average value of MC, SG and wood density the lowest was sengon and the highest was rasamala wood. Average allowable load of compression parallel to grain (Fc//) and parallel tensile to grain (Ft//) was sengon, but the highest was bangkirai. There was a general tendency that Fc// and Ft// was linier to SG or ρ of those wood. Ft// was approximately 2 times greater than its Fc//. The number of nail (4-10 pieces) did not give effect of average Z value, but with the nail diameter 4.1 to 5.2 mm Z value increased significantly and this value decreased on 5.5 mm diameter nail. Average Z value were also increases with increasing of SG of wood for several displacement such as 0.38 mm displacement (American Standard), 0.80 mm (Australian Standard), 1.50 mm (Indonesian Standard) and 5.0 mm (breaking load), respectively. The increasing of Z happens because SG effect. At 5.0 mm displacement the increase of Z is not as sharp as 0.38 mm, 0.80 mm and 1.5 mm displacement. On the contrary wood species, amount and diameter size of nails didn’t effect to proportional limit of double shear connections. Power regression type was the best equation to predict Z of wood density for several diameters of nails.
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Judul: Kekuatan sambungan batang kayu-pelat baja dengan beberapa jenis alat sambung tipe dowel dan ketebalan batang kayu Acacia mangium Wild.
Abstrak: Wood joint is a joint that fasten two or more lumber together by using the mechanical joint such as nails, bolts, connectors or using grafting in the form of structural adhesive. The purpose of this study is to know the influence of the type of fasteners and the thickness of the beam to the strength of beams with steel plate joint on Acacia mangium wood. This study uses three types of dowel type fasteners, ie nails, bamboo pegs and wooden pegs. Wood that used in this study is Acacia mangium wood with variations in thickness from 3 cm, 3.5 cm, 4 cm, 4.5 cm, 5 cm and 5.5 cm, while the wood used to be a wooden pegs is bangkirai wood. This joint technique use a steel plate as connection plate. Testing is done by putting pressure tap on the joint. The direction of loading is an axial direction of the long wooden beams and perpendicular to the length of the fasteners. The results showed that the type of fasteners and thickness of the beam give effect to the strength of the beam-steel plate joint. Joint with nails has the highest allowable load on mangium wood-steel plates joint, followed by a bamboo pegs, and the lowest is the wooden pegs. There is a general tendency that the allowable load of mangium wood-steel plate joint will increase with increasing the beam thickness. Thus, under the provisions of limit displacement set by the the United States, Australia and Indonesia, respectively in displacement of 0.38 mm, 0.80 mm and 1.50 mm, the allowable load of mangium wood-steel plate joint in the same diameters of nails, bamboo pegs and wood pegs (5.2 mm) differ according to the thickness of the beam.
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Judul: Leukemia pada kucing
Abstrak: Leukemia pada kucing adalah suatu penyakit yang sangat patogen, disebabkan oleh sejenis virus. Virus ini dikenal sebagai Feline Leukemia Virus atau FeLV. FeLV ini oleh beberapa ahli dikatakan hanya bersifat ganas pada hewan kucing. Penularannya bisa secara horizontal maupun congenital. Kucing pada semua tingkat umur dapat terserang oleh FeLV ini. Khusus pada bentuk "thymic leukemia", virus ini hanya menyerang anak-anak kucing berumur diba- wah 1 tahun. Kucing-kucing liar atau yang tidak terpeli- hara jarang sekali terinfeksi FeLV. Selain dari serangan virus FeLV itu sendiri, maka penyakit leukemia ini bisa disebabkan oleh beberapa fak- tor yang sudah ada dalam tubuh hewan dan sangat menunjang perkembangan penyakit ini, yaitu antara lain tumor, agen toksik, cedera oleh kecelakaan dan gangguan hemopoiesis. FeLV menyerang sel-sel darah dalam tubuh hewan se- hingga pembentukan darah berjalan tidak normal. Terlihat sel-sel darah yang belum dewasa sudah beredar dalam sir- kulasi darah. Bentuk dan jumlahnya tidak lagi seimbang dalam tubuh hewan kucing tersebut. Gejala klinis antara lain kekurusan, ikterus, anemia, lemah, anoreksia, dyspnoe, sulit menelan, batuk, dan membran mukosa pucat. Selain itu kelenjar pertahanan tubuh juga membengkak, kemudian terjadi hepatomegali, spleenomegali dan pembengkakan pada ginjal. Terbentuk massa tumor pada beberapa tempat. Secara biopsy pada sumsum tulang akan terlihat be- berapa perubahan. Sumsum tulang berwarna merah tua atau abu-abu. Konsistensinya lunak dan terdapat banyak sekali memproduksi sel darah putih. Melalui gambaran darah leukemia ini lebih mudah didiagnosa. Jumlah retikulosit rendah sekali. PCV 8-15%, hemoglobin menurun, sel darah putih (WBC) meningkat, lim- fosit meningkat, Alfaglobulin juga ada peningkatan, dan banyak eosinofil yang belum dewasa beredar dalam darah…dst
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