Judul: An Analysis of Role of Capital Expenditure as Government Investment on Economic in East Indonesia Year 2005-2009
Abstrak: How important was government investment in enhancing The East Indonesia’s economy? Using a dataset of regional government spending and panel data (First-difference Generalized Method of Moments), it show that regional government in East Indonesia still depend on central government for their government revenue and policy. Fiscal independence from regional government in East Indonesia were low and declining every year. The research also find that government investment especially on infrastructure (irrigation, street, and telecommunication/network) have positive impact for economic growth in East Indonesia. And also have complementer relation with private investment, which mean both investment have contribution on accumulation investment for higher output and aggressive economic growth. These results suggest that regional government must explore their potential resources to increase their own-source revenue (pendapatan asli daerah, or PAD) so they can have higher fiscal independence. Regional government can create favorable environtment to attract private investor so later on it will provide jobs and become source of government revenue.
Keyword: 

Judul: The impact of investment and government expenditure on regional economic performance in the autonomy era
Abstrak: Tujuan utama kebijakan otonomi daerah dan kebijakan desentralisasi fiskal adalah percepatan kesejahteraan rakyat (RPJMN 2010-2014) . Untuk mewujudkan hal ini diperlukan pertumbuhan ekonomi yang berkelanjutan, stabilitas dan pemerataan pembangunan ekonomi yang inklusif. Untuk itulah diperlukan kebijakan investasi dan pengeluaran pemerintah yang komprehensif dan dapat dilaksanakan di lapangan. Tujuan penelitian untuk: (1) menganalisis kinerja perekonomian berbasis spasial yang meliputi investasi, pengeluaran pemerintah, kapasitas fiskal, PDRB, penciptaan lapangan kerja, IPM, dan jumlah penduduk miskin, (2) meramalkan nilai dasar kinerja perekonomian yang meliputi investasi, pengeluaran pemerintah, kapasitas fiskal, Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB), penyerapan tenaga kerja,Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM), dan jumlah penduduk miskin dari tahun 2011 sampai tahun 2013, dan (3) menganalisis dampak peningkatan investasi dan pengeluaran pemerintah dengan berbagai skenario terhadap kinerja perekonomian daerah dari tahun 2011 sampai tahun 2013. Model yang digunakan adalah model ekonometrika dengan sistem persamaan simultan. Data yang digunakan adalah data panel (cross section dan time series tingkat provinsi 2003-2008). Model ini diestimasi dengan menggunakan metode 2 SLS dan prosedur SYSLIN, simulasi dan peramalan dengan prosedur SIMNLIN. Model ini terdiri dari enam blok, setiap blok terdiri dari persamaan, yaitu persamaan struktural dan persamaan identitas. Jumlah persamaan adalah 35 terdiri dari 22 persamaan struktural dan 13 persamaan identitas. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa provinsi-provinsi di Indonesia berdasarkan basis spasial dan kinerja perekonomiannya dapat dikelompokkan menjadi tiga wilayah. Tiga wilayah tersebut adalah Sumatera, Jawa-Bali, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Papua dan Nusa Tenggara (KSPN). Sementara jumlah pendapatan asli daerah per tahun per wilayah sangat bervariasi dari 457.41 milyar rupiah di wilayah KSPN sampai dengan 2.98 triliun rupiah di wilayah Jawa-Bali. Kapasitas fiskal yang merupakan penjumlahan dari Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) dengan dana perimbangan jumlah antar wilayahnya bervariasi. Kapasitas fiskal tertinggi dimiliki oleh provinsi-provinsi yang berada di wilayah Jawa Bali, yaitu sebesar 4.28 triliun per tahun. Sementara yang terendah adalah di wilayah KSPN hanya sebesar 1.5 triliun rupiah.
Keyword: 

Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell