Judul: Komposisi Jenis dan Struktur Vegetasi Hutan Mangrove di Suaka Margasatwa Muara Angke, Jakarta Utara
Abstrak: Hutan mangrove Suaka Margasatwa Muara Angke (SMMA) merupakan kawasan penyangga kehidupan di DKI Jakarta yang memerlukan penjagaan dari kerusakan. Informasi struktur dan komposisi jenis hutan mangrove dapat membantu pengelolaan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari komposisi jenis dan struktur vegetasi hutan mangrove di SMMA. Analisis vegetasi dilakukan menggunakan metode grid dengan luasan yang diamati seluas 6.800 m2 berjumlah 17 petak dengan ukuran setiap petak 20 x 20 m. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hutan mangrove SMMA memiliki 26 jenis tumbuhan penyusun dari 21 famili. Jenis Sonneratia caseolaris dan Rhizophora mucronata mendominasi pada pohon dan permudaannya, Brachiaria mutica pada tumbuhan bawah, serta Nypa fruticans mendominasi palem-paleman. Nilai keanekaragaman dan indeks kekayaan jenis hutan mangrove SMMA tergolong rendah. Indeks dominansi hutan mangrove SMMA pada pohon dan palem tergolong tinggi, semai dan tumbuhan bawah tergolong sedang, dan pancang tergolong rendah, sedangkan kemerataan jenis pada pohon, pancang, dan tumbuhan bawah tergolong sedang, dan semai dan palem-paleman tergolong rendah. Struktur horizontal hutan mangrove membentuk kurva J terbalik, sedangkan struktur vertikal membentuk lapisan stratum C dan stratum D., Muara Angke Wildlife Reserve (SMMA) mangrove forest is the buffer zones for DKI Jakarta which requires protection from damage. Information of mangrove forest structure and species composition can assist sustainable management. This study aims to study species composition and vegetation structure of SMMA mangrove forest. Vegetation analysis was carried out by the grid method with an observed area of 6.800 m2 totaled 17 plots with a size of each quadrat 20 x 20 m. This study shows that the results of SMMA mangrove forest has 26 species from 21 families. Species Sonneratia caseolaris and Rhizophora mucronata dominate the level of trees and the regeneration, Brachiaria mutica of undergrowth, with Nypa fruticans dominate palms. The diversity and species richness index of SMMA mangrove forest was low. The dominance index on trees and palms were high, while seedlings and undergrowth were moderate, and on saplings were low, while the species evenness index on trees, saplings, and undergrowth was moderate, and for seedlings and palms low. For the horizontal structure of mangrove forest forms an inverted J-curve, while the vertical structure forms stratum C and stratum D.
Keyword: analisis vegetasi, hutan mangrove, Suaka Margasatwa Muara Angke

Judul: Species Composition and Vegetation Structure of Mangrove Forest in Pulau Rambut Wildlife Reserve, Kepulauan Seribu, DKI Jakarta
Abstrak: Hutan mangrove di Suaka Margasatwa Pulau Rambut memiliki keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi sehingga diperlukan penelitian mengenai komposisi jenis dan struktur vegetasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji komposisi jenis dan struktur vegetasi hutan mangrove di Suaka Margasatwa Pulau Rambut. Analisis vegetasi dilakukan dengan metode jalur dan garis berpetak dengan luasan plot contoh 8000 m2 dan berjumlah 8 jalur masing-masing dengan ukuran 10m x 100 m. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hutan mangrove Suaka Margasatwa Pulau Rambut memiliki 9 jenis dari 5 famili dan didominasi oleh famili Rhizophoraceae. Jenis Rhizophora mucronata mendominasi pada tingkat pertumbuhan pohon dan semai. Jenis Ceriops tagal mendominasi pada tingkat pertumbuhan pancang. Nilai keanekaragaman, kekayaan, dan dominansi di hutan mangrove Suaka Margasatwa Pulau Rambut pada berbagai tingkat pertumbuhan tergolong rendah, namun nilai kemerataan jenisnya tergolong tinggi. Proporsi jumlah pohon dan permudaan membentuk kurva “J” terbalik. Stratifikasi tajuk pada hutan mangrove SM Pulau Rambut hanya mencapai stratum C (4-20 m)., Mangrove forest in Pulau Rambut Wildlife Reserve has high biodiversity, so research is needed on species composition and vegetation structure. This study aims to examine the composition of the type and structure of mangrove forest vegetation in the Pulau Rambut Wildlife Reserve. Vegetation analysis was carried out using the strip and line method with a sample plot area of 8000 m2 and a total of 8 lanes each with a size of 10 m x 100 m. The results showed that the mangrove forest of Pulau Rambut Wildlife Reserve has 9 species from 5 families and is dominated by the Rhizophoraceae family. The type of Rhizophora mucronata dominates the growth rate of trees and seedlings. The type of Ceriops tagal dominated the sapling growth rate. The value of diversity, richness, and dominance in the mangrove forest of the Pulau Rambut Wildlife Reserve at various growth rates is low, but the value of species evenness is high. The proportions of the number of trees and regeneration form an inverted “J” curve. The canopy stratification in the mangrove forest of Pulau Rambut Wildlife Reserve only reached stratum C (4-20 m).
Keyword: mangrove forest, Rambut Island, species composition, vegetation structure

Judul: Kloning dan Ekspresi Human Interferon-alfa2a pada Yeast Metilotropik Pichia pastoris
Abstrak: Interferon (IFN) is a group of proteins that are secreted by body cells as a result of exposure to biological vertebrates such as: viruses, bacteria, protozoa and other compounds. There are three types of interferon, namely: alpha (α), beta (β) and gamma (γ) IFN. Interferon-α2a belongs to the type I interferon. This protein has a molecular weight of 21.550 kDa and consists of 188 amino acids (23 amino acid of signal peptide and 166 amino acids of mature protein). Interferon-α2a is also known to be used for the treatment of hepatitis C and as anti-tumor and antivirus agents. Regulator gene for IFN production under normal conditions, is in the off position to IFN is not produced. But when there are external stimuli, both viral and bacterial infections, a regulator gene switches on, and IFN production system running. At the time of an attack from a variety of disease agents actually the body will produce IFN, but generally the amount produced is not sufficient to fight the disease agents that multiply very quickly. Therefore IFN intake from outside is needed. This is the beginning of the use of IFN as a drug. Genetic engineering is an activity to manipulate the genes to get new products by creating recombinant DNA through gene insertion. Recombinant DNA technology has been used to produce IFN. Yeast such as Pichia pastoris can be an alternative as the host (system) to express human interferon genes and as a producer of IFN protein. Expression system P. pastoris offers several advantages for the production of recombinant proteins, such as: the high level expression of recombinant proteins, ease of scaling-up fermenter, low cost and ease of transformation techniques and selection of transformed cells such as bacteria . The existence of inducible AOX1 promoter is very strong, easily control the expression of recombinant proteins by induction. AOX1 is a promoter that controls gene expression of alcohol oxidase to metabolize methanol as carbon source of P. pastoris. Therefore,this study aimed to clone human interefron-α2a (hifnα2a) gene in E. coli and express it in metylotrophic yeast P. pastoris. Vector used in this study is pPICZαB (Invitrogen). Ligation process between insert (hifn-α2a gene) and vector (pPICZαB) performed by using T4 DNA ligase, which functions synthesize the formation of phosphodiester bonds linking the nucleotides with nucleotide insert plasmid vectors to produce recombinant (pPICZαB-hifnα2a). This recombinant plasmid transformed into XL1 blue cells (E. coli) by Heat shock method. The results of sequencing analysis (clone 6) using 5'AOX and 3'AOX primers indicate that DNA base sequence of human IFN-α2a genes has been subclone into pPICZαB vector (in frame). Recombinant plasmid (clone 6) linearized using BstX1 enzyme before transformed into X33 yeast cell. Transformation into cell was done by Electroporation. The X33 cell P. pastoris strain was used to express human interferon-α2a. X33 is strains with the phenotype Mut+ (methanol utilization plus) and can be used for positive transformants selection using zeocin. Phase protein production work using Mut+ strain occurred in two phases. The first phase is the use of glycerol to obtain a certain amount of biomass (high cell
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