Judul: Impact of allocation rural fund policy in decentralization era on regional economy in Indonesia
Abstrak: This research attempts to describe and analyze the impact of allocation rural fund in decentralization era on regional economy in Indonesia.The analysis applied in this research are Klassen Typologi, Williamson index and econometric model. This study has succesfully formulated a model and using panel data method (time series data of 2005-2009 and cross section data of twenty five Province in Indonesia). The model was developed into a simultaneous equations, consisting of 14 structural equations and 11 identity equations. The results of this research obtain an evidence that Provinces of Indonesia spread in 4 (four) criteria in the Klassen Tipology. In addition, this study also indicates that the disparity among Province of Indonesia in the period of 2005 to 2009 will be higher if allocation rural fund conducted as Government Regulation Number 72 Year 2005.The result of simulation also shows that ADD in rural area could reduce poverty level and increase original regional income (PAD). Finally, the research concludes that the increase of ADD in decentralization era can increase fiscal and economic performance, however the transfer of ADD also increases the disparity among regions in Indonesia. In order to reduce the negative impact of ADD, the government needs to use a affirmative policy in the implementing of ADD.
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Judul: Impact of government spending on economic performance and poverty allevation in term of fiscal decentralization
Abstrak: The purposes of this study were to analyze the factors affecting the revenue and allocation of national budget and local government spending and its impact on the economy, flypaper effect, and to formulate policy recommendations in term of more effective and efficient government spending. This study used pooled data at the provincial level on period 2005-2010 and a simultaneous equations model applied to capture the behaviour of each variables. The results were: (1) potential local goverment revenue, fiscal need, and central government transfer were factors that determined the local goverment revenue, sharing revenue, and central government transfer, (2) flypaper effect occured on local expenditures, (3) decocentration funding and assistant task in agricultural sector had more affect on the growth of the agricultural sector, (4) sectoral budget allocation has a positive impact on the economic growth, employment, welfare and poverty allevation, especialy on Indonesia Easterm Regions and (5) The increased general fund allocation (DAU) had a greatest impact on fiscal performance and the regional economy (6) increase revenue-sharing and specific fund had positive impact on economic growth and reduce local government depedency on central government budget. Policy recommendations were: (1) enhancing the sources of local revenue potentially to be the alternative policy due to the fact that increased DAU provide the greatest impact to the regional economy, but will lead to increased dependency to the central government, then increasing revenue sharing may improve fiscal capacity and economic performance, (2) realocation of routine spending to development spending may improve economic performance, (3) designing the clearly authorities between central and local government on several sectors, including on the agricultural development that will be able to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of government spending, and (4) Future studies need to be done with the data at the district or town level, and separate spesific fund by sector.
Keyword: fiscal decentralization, deconcentration and assistance tasks, flypaper effect, regional economy.

Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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