Judul: Nilai nutrisi biji sorgum pada anak ayam broiler
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui nilai nutrisi biji sorgum dan penggunaannya sebagai bahan makanan pengganti jagung kuning dalam ransun broiler. anak ayam Penelitian dan kandang telah dilakukan di Laboratorium Nutrisi unggas Jurusan Ilmu Nutrisi dan Makanan Ternak, Fakultas Peternakan Institut Pertanian Bogor. Sebagai materi penelitian digunakan biji sorgun putih dan biji sorgum coklat berasal dari pasar di (Jawa Tengah). diolah dengan Sebagian biji sorgum putih cara menambahkan 30 persen air persen asam propionat kemudian diinkubasi selama 14 Pada percobaan makanan digunakan 200 ekor ayam kota dan dan Demak coklat satu hari. broiler betina berumur sehari (D.0.C) yang diberi ransum percobaan dari umur sehari sampai 8 minggu. digunakan adalah Ransum percobaan yang ransum yang mengandung jagung kuning, biji sorgum putih tanpa diolah, biji sorgum putih diolah, biji sorgum coklat tanpa diolah dan biji sorgum diolah masing-masing sebesar 55 persen dalam Ransum percobaan terdiri dari ransum startet coklat ransum. untuk anak ayam umur 0 sampai 6 minggu dengan tingkat protein 22.5 persen dan energi metabolis 3000 kkal/kg sedangkan ransum startet untuk tingkat protein kkal/kg. rancangan anak ayam unur 8 sampai 18.7 persen dan Rancangan acak masing 4 ulangan. energi 8 minggu dengan metabolis percobaan yang digunakan lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan dan 3000 adalah masing- Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biji sorgum coklat dengan kadar tanin 2.067 persen berdasarkan Bahan (BK) mengandung protein kasar, lemak kasar, abu, Kering energi bruto nyata (P<0.01) lebih tinggi dibandingkan biji sorgun putih. Kandungan serat kasar, energi metabolis, metabolis murni, persentase energi metabolis per bruto, persentase energi metabolis murni per energi (P< 0.05) dan koefisien cerna bahan kering (P biji sorgum coklat nyata lebih rendah sorgum putih. berdasarkan dan coklat dalam konsumsi rensum, dengan Bahan Kering. kandungan < dibandingkan tanin Penggunaan biji, 0.349 sorgum tanpa diolah dan diolah sebanyak ransum anak ransum, bobot ayam broiler pertambahan. badant akhir tidak bobot unur 8 55 energi energi bruto 0.01) biji persen putih persen mempengaruhi badan, minggu, konversi persentase bobot karkas, persentase bobot lemak abdominal, persentase bobot jantung, persentase bobot rempela, kadar Fe serum, kadar Mn dan Zn tulang tibia, sedangkan bobot nati nyata lebih besar dibandingkan ransun jagung kuning.
Keyword: Sorgum, Broiler chicken

Judul: Performance of Broiler Chicken which Feeded Ration Containing Energy Source for Corn Substitute
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi bahan pakan lokal sorgum, gaplek, dan sagu utuh sebagai pengganti jagung dalam ransum terhadap performa ayam broiler. Peubah yang diamati adalah bobot badan akhir, pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi pakan, konversi pakan, dan mortalitas selama pemeliharaan pada umur 7-35 hari. Rancangan percobaan yang dilakukan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan yaitu ransum komersial (P0), ransum berbasis sorgum (P1), ransum berbasis gaplek (P2) dan ransum berbasis sagu parut kering (P3). Setiap perlakuan terdiri atas 3 ulangan dengan kepadatan 16-17 ekor m-2 pada tiap ulangan dengan jumlah ayam sebanyak 200 ekor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata bobot badan akhir, pertambahan bobot badan, dan konversi pakan berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) lebih rendah dibandingkan perlakuan kontrol, sedangkan konsumsi pakan tidak berbeda nyata. Performa ayam broiler pada perlakuan P1, P2, dan P3 tidak berbeda nyata. Pemberian ransum berbasis sorgum, gaplek, dan sagu parut kering sebagai substitusi jagung ransum pada ayam broiler menghasilkan performa yang lebih rendah dibandingkan pakan komersial., This study aimed to evaluate local feed ingredients such as sorghum, cassava, and whole sago as an energy source to replace on the performance of broiler chickens. The variables observed included body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio and mortality from 7 to 35 days of age. The experimental design carried out was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments, namely commercial ration (P0), complete ration based on sorghum (P1), complete ration based on cassava (P2), complete ration based on dry grated sago (P3). Each treatment consisted of 3 replications with a density of 16-17 m-2 in each repetition with total of 200 chickens. The results showed that the average final body weight, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio were very significantly different (P<0.01) lower than the control treatment, while feed consumption was not significantly different. The performance of broiler chickens in treatment P1, P2, and P3 was not significantly different. The diet contain sorghum, cassava, and dry grated sago as a substitute corn in broiler chicken rations resulted in lower body weight gain compared with the commercial feed.
Keyword: broiler chickens, cassava, performance, sorghum, whole sago

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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