Judul: Pengaruh diet dan olahraga jalan cepat untuk mengendalikan tekanan darah laki-laki penderita prahipertensi
Abstrak: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary approaches to stop hypertension for Indonesian at Jakarta (DASHI-J) and brisk walking exercise on the reduction of body weight and blood pressure of males prehypertension. A randomised clinical trial was conducted in Jakarta for 100 subjects, aged 25 – 55 years. Subjects were randomly assigned to a DASHI-J diet group (A), a brisk walking exercise group (B), a DASHI-J and brisk walking exercise group (C), and a control group (D). A and C groups received diet for lunch, snack and dinner five days a week for two months. The DASHI-J was given for lunch, snack, early dinner and 45 minutes brisk walking exercise for five days a week for two months. At the baseline, the mean of body weight, body mass index (BMI), visceral fat (VF), pulse pressure, blood fat, and blood electrolit were not significantly different among the four groups. After two months of intervension, the body weight, BMI, body fat, visceral fat, waist circumference, systole, diastole, and cholesterol serum of the groups reduce significantly (α<0.05). The highest reduction was in the DASHI-J and brisk walking exercise which reduced body weight 4.18 kg, BMI 1.50 kg/m2, and blood pressure 12.00/8.6 mmHg. This implies that DASHI-J and brisk walking exercise play a significant role in reducing body weight, BMI, systolic, and diastolic blood pressure.
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Judul: Faktor Risiko Hipertensi Pada Empat Kabupaten/Kota Dengan Prevalensi Hipertensi Tertinggi Di Jawa Dan Sumatera
Abstrak: Hypertension is a common public health problem that occur both of developed and developing countries. Increasing prevalence of hypertension independently associated with diet and lifestyle. Untreated hypertension leads to many degenerative diseases, including renal disease, congestive heart failure and peripheral vascular disease. Therefore the purpose of this study is to examine factors that can be protective and enhance hypertension prevalence, so that population can save their blood pressure (BP) by preventive and rehabilitative methodes. This study is a cross-sectional analysis in 5 104 subjects aged 18-97 y, consist of 2 491 males and 2 613 females. Data on Body Mass Index (BMI), BP, and other background characteristics of study partisipant were generated using the Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2007, at four demographics surveillance sites in Kuantan Singingi and Rokan Hilir (Riau Island), Wonogiri and Salatiga (Central Java). Hypertension was define as SBP≥140 mmHg or DBP≥90 mmHg, with adaptation of the recent JNC-7 definitions. Multiple logistic regression analyses were carried out to determine the odds of hypertension across the whole characteristic, while controlling for possible confounding. A high prevalence of hypertension was noted among four regions population in Kuantan Singingi (48.8%), Rokan Hilir (49.8%), Wonogiri (50.7%) and Salatiga (47.0%). The risk factor which can be reduce hypertension prevalence are ages 40-60 y (OR=0.229) and >60 y (OR=0.501), didn’t do middle physical activity (OR=0.814), didn’t do walking or ride bicycle (OR=0.744), underweight (OR=0.544) and overweight (OR=0.372). While the risk factor which can be enhance hypertension prevalence are education junior and senior high school (OR=1.292) and eating much salty foods (OR=1.258).
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Judul: Karakteristik Anatomi Skelet Kepala Buaya senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii).
Abstrak: Buaya sepit atau senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii) merupakan jenis buaya asli Indonesia yang berhabitat di sungai-sungai Sumatera, Kalimantan, dan juga pedalaman Sulawesi. Salah satu ciri khas buaya senyulong adalah bentuk moncong yang runcing dan sempit, namun hingga saat ini informasi mengenai struktur skelet kepala buaya senyulong sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik anatomi skelet kepala buaya senyulong yang dikatikan dengan fungsi dan perilakunya. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksploratif dengan melakukan pengamatan, pencatatan, dan pengambilan gambar dari skelet kepala buaya senyulong. Skelet kepala berukuran panjang 70 cm, lebar 29 cm, dan tingggi 17 cm dengan permukaan kasar pada os nasale, os frontale, os maxilla, os mandibula, os lacrimale, os jugale. Jumlah gigi pada buaya ini sebanyak 78 buah, terdiri dari 4 buah gigi premaxila, 16 buah gigi maxila, dan 19 buah gigi mandibula. Pada regio orbitalis ditemukan dua pasang fenestrae temporales yang berkembang baik. Fenestra supratemporale merupakan lubang oval yang membentang di sepanjang os parietale. Fenestra infratemporale berbentuk segitiga dan dibatasi oleh os squamosum, os postorbitale, os jugulare, dan os quadratum. Os mandibula hewan ini mempunyai symphysis mandibularis yang panjang yaitu garis yang melintang di corpus mandibulae. Secara fungsional ukuran symphysis mandibularis berkaitan dengan adaptasi hewan terhadap diet makan.
Keyword: kepala, moncong, Tomistoma schlegelii