Judul: Impact of Gender Equity and Employment Opportunities on  Income Inequality in Indonesia
Abstrak: Ketimpangan pendapatan merupakan permasalahan penting dalam pembangunan ekonomi. Suatu negara dengan ketimpangan pendapatan yang tinggi akan mengalami inefisiensi dalam distribusi aset, inefisiensi ekonomi, dan terganggunya stabilitas sosial dan ekonomi. Indonesia menjadi salah satu negara yang mengalami ketimpangan pendapatan, bahkan pada tahun 2020 tingkat ketimpangan pendapatan Indonesia mengalami peningkatan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kondisi ketimpangan pendapatan dan menganalisis pengaruh kesetaraan gender, upah minimum, pengangguran, dan investasi asing terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan di Indonesia selama periode 2010-2020. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif, tipologi Klassen, dan analisis data panel. Hasil estimasi data panel menunjukkan bahwa pembangunan dan pemberdayaan gender, upah minimum, dan tingkat pengangguran secara signfikan berpengaruh negatif terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan. Sedangkan pengaruh yang disebabkan investasi asing terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan secara signifikan adalah positif., Income inequality is an important problem in economic development. A country with high income inequality will be inefficient in the distribution of assets, economic inefficiency, and disruption of social and economic stability. Indonesia is one of the countries experiencing income inequality, even in 2020 the level of Indonesia's income inequality has increased. This study aims to describe the condition of income inequality and analyze the effect of gender equality, minimum wages, unemployment, and foreign investment on income inequality in Indonesia during the period 2010-2020. The analysis method in this study are descriptive analysis, Klassen typology, and panel data analysis. The results of the panel data estimation show that gender development and empowerment, minimum wages, and unemployment rates have a significant negative effect on income inequality. Meanwhile, foreign investment has a positive and significant effect on income inequality.
Keyword: employment opportunities, gender, income inequality, panel data

Judul: The Effect of Fiscal Policy on Income Inequality in Indonesia
Abstrak: Ketimpangan pendapatan masyarakat yang direpresentasikan oleh rasio gini merupakan hal penting dalam mengukur pembangunan ekonomi. Ketimpangan pendapatan masyarakat di Indonesia cenderung berfluktuasi dari tahun 2010-2019. Namun disisi lain, kebijakan fiskal dari penerimaan daerah maupun pengeluaran daerah selalu meningkat di tahun yang sama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kebijakan fiskal dapat memengaruhi ketimpangan pendapatan masyarakat di Indonesia dari tahun 2010-2019. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder 33 provinsi Indonesia. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis data panel dinamis. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengeluaran daerah yang dapat menurunkan ketimpangan pendapatan masyarakat adalah belanja kesehatan serta penerimaan daerah yang dapat menurunkan ketimpangan pendapatan masyarakat adalah Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD). Selain itu, pengeluaran daerah yang tidak dapat menurunkan ketimpangan pendapatan masyarakat adalah belanja pendidikan. Sedangkan penerimaan daerah yang tidak berpengaruh terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan masyarakat adalah Dana Bagi Hasil (DBH)., Income inequality represented by the Gini ratio is an important factor in measuring economic development. Income inequality in Indonesia, measured by the Gini Ratio, from year 2010 – 2019 tend to fluctuate. In the other hand, fiscal policy from regional revenue and regional expenditure has increased in the same period. This study aims to find how fiscal policy can affect the income inequality in Indonesia from 2010-2019. The data used are secondary data from 33 provinces of Indonesia. The analysis used in this study is descriptive analysis and dynamic panel data analysis. The result of study showed that regional expenditure that can reduce income inequality is health expenditure and regional revenue that can reduce income inequality is Local Government Revenue (PAD). Moreover, the regional expenditure that can’t reduce income inequality is education expenditure. Meanwhile, regional revenue income that can’t affect income inequality is Revenue Sharing Funds (DBH).
Keyword: dynamic panel data, income inequality, Indonesia, regional expenditure, regional revenue

Judul: Hydrothermal Synthesis of Biphasic Calcium Posphate
Abstrak: Biphasio calsium phosphate (BCP), which was a mixture of hydroxypatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP), was synthesized by hydrothermal method followed by sintering process. Hydroxyapatite was produced by using natural calcium source CaO from hen's eggshell and (NH4)2HPO4 as phosphate souce, other hydroxyapatite sample was produce by using synthetic calcium source Ca(OH) and H3PO4 as phosphate source.
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