Judul: The vegetable farm household economic behavior under  the influence of product price and production risks in Pangalengan Bandung
Abstrak: The vegetable farm households face many risks, especi ally, product price and production risks. The product price and production risks will influence the vegetable farm household economic behavior. The objectives of this research are (1) to analyze the product price and production risks, (2 ) to analyze the influence of product price and production risks and the linkage factors incorporated on the vegetable farm household economic behavi or in decisions making of production, consumption and labor allo cation, (3) to analyze the effect of production risk, product price risk and agricultural wage in crease in the vegetable farm household economic behavior, and (4) to arrange th e production activities which can mitigate product price and production risks.
Keyword: 

Judul: Resiko pertanian indonesia: persepsi petani terhadap resiko pertanian (studi kasus: petani tanaman pangan di Wilayah Bogor)
Abstrak: Agricultural risks are a serious matter faced by farmers. The objectives of this study were to identify agricultural risks and risks scores at farm households based on the perception of food crop farmers and to develop effective strategies to deal with agricultural risks. The study was conducted from May to September 2011 in Bogor areas. The analysis methods used in this study were qualitative-descriptive, FGD, SWOT, IE and QSPM. The results showed that based on farmers' perceptions, the agricultural risks included production risks, market risks, human risks, institutional risks and financial risks. The highest impact of the risks on farm was the production risk, mainly influenced by pests and diseases. Risk management strategies implemented by farmers were through the use of inputs. Meanwhile, if there was a failure that interfered with family income and the sustainability of farming, farmers would choose to use the income from off-farm work, or to borrow from other parties as a manifestation of risk management strategies. The results of the study also showed that farming activities in Bogor areas were in a stable position. Alternative strategies that need to be considered in coping with agriculture risks were that the government should: (1) be consistent with agricultural policies that had been issued, (2) strengthen the agribusiness development program, (3) encourage investment in agribusiness of food crops subsector, (4) perform the intensification and diversification of agricultural activities, (5) consolidate farmers through institutional development of farmers’ groups and institutional partnership (contract farming), and (6) protect the rights of farmers by legislation and regulation.
Keyword: 

Judul: Membran Komposit Kitosan-Nanopartikel Magnetik Fe3O4-Hidroksiapatit untuk Rekayasa Jaringan Tulang.
Abstrak: Composite membrane implants from biodegradable and biocompatible polymers such as chitosan, added with Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticleshydroxyapatite (MHAP) is an alternative that is appropriate for bone tissue engineering. The MHAP was first synthesized using coprecipitation method with 3 different composition, with the ratio of Fe3O4 : hydroxyapatite is 3:7, 4:6, and 5:5 by mass. The composite membrane chitosan-MHAP (MK K-MHAP) was then synthesized by mixing a chitosan solution and the best MHAP composition (10, 20, 30, and 40% w/w of the mass of chitosan). Characterization using X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of Fe3O4 and hydroxyapatite phase on the MHAP. The magnetic saturation value and size of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles increase with the increasing Fe3O4 composition in MHAP and MK K-MHAP which characterized based on its magnetic hysteresis and particle size distribution curve, respectively. The morphology of the best composition of MHAP composite was analysed using transmission electron microscope. Molecular interactions in MK K-MHAP was characterized based on infrared spectra. Immersion test of MK K-MHAP showed optimum state at 30% mass MHAP composition in chitosan matrix with calcium concentration released about 1000 ppm within 144 hours.
Keyword: biomedical, chitosan, composite membrane, hydroxyapatite, magnetite