Judul: Profil Gas Darah Pada Resusitasi Cairan Anak Babi (Sus Scrofa) Yang Diinduksi Sepsis
Abstrak: Sepsis merupakan respon sistemik yang disebabkan oleh adanya infeksi. Mortalitas sepsis mencapai 30% meskipun telah dilakukan perawatan intensif. Renjatan sepsis adalah sepsis yang disertai dengan gangguan pada organ kardiovaskular dan respirasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi beberapa parameter dari gas darah setelah induksi sepsis dan resusitasi cairan. Sebanyak 10 ekor anak babi dengan berat badan 10-13 kg dan umur 2-3 bulan dibagi menjadi dua kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok yang pertama diresusitasikan dengan cairan Modified Fluid Gelatin 4% yang termasuk ke dalam golongan cairan koloid (A), sedangkan kelompok yang kedua diresusitasikan dengan cairan ringer asetat malat yang termasuk ke dalam golongan cairan kristaloid (B). Sebanyak 50 ug/kg berat badan lipopolisakarida E. coli diberikan untuk menginduksi terjadinya sepsis dengan rute intravena. Induksi sepsis menyebabkan penurunan pH dan PaO2, serta peningkatan PaCO2 dan laktat secara nyata (p<0.05). Renjatan sepsis mengakibatkan terjadinya asidosis respiratorik. Resusitasi cairan dilakukan setelah renjatan sepsis. Kedua jenis cairan yang diresusitasikan tidak dapat memperbaiki kondisi asidosis respiratorik yang ditimbulkan oleh gangguan pada analisa gas darah. Resusitasi dengan cairan koloid dapat mengembalikan nilai PaCO2 dan SO2 mendekati normal, oleh karena itu resusitasi dengan cairan koloid dapat meminimalisir kerusakan yang terjadi akibat renjatan sepsis.
Keyword: gas darah, induksi sepsis, lipopolisakarida, MFG 4%, RAM

Judul: Indeks Eritrosit Pada Resusitasi Cairan Anak Babi (Sus Scrofa) Yang Diinduksi Sepsis.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi indeks eritrosit (jumlah eritrosit, konsentrasi hemoglobin, hematokrit, VER, HER, KHER) pada anak babi (Sus scrofa) setelah diinduksi sepsis dan diresusitasi oleh cairan koloid (modified fluid gelatin 4%) atau kristaloid (ringer asetat malat). Sepuluh ekor anak babi berumur 2-3 bulan dengan berat badan 8-13 kg dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Induksi sepsis dilakukan dengan injeksi endotoksin Eschericia coli melalui rute intravena hingga terjadi renjatan sepsis. Resusitasi cairan dilakukan pada saat renjatan sepsis terjadi melalui rute intravena. Kelompok pertama menerima resusitasi cairan menggunakan modified fluid gelatin 4% (MFG 4%) dan pada kelompok yang kedua menerima resusitasi cairan menggunakan cairan ringer asetat malat (RAM). Pengambilan sampel darah dilakukan pada saat setelah anestesi, saat sepsis, dan 3 jam setelah resusitasi cairan. Hasil evaluasi nilai indeks eritrosit menunjukkan bahwa hewan mengalami anemia makrositik regeneratif. Kondisi sepsis dan resusitasi cairan koloid (modified fluid gelatin 4%) maupun cairan kristaloid (ringer asetat malat) tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap nilai indeks eritrosit.
Keyword: anak babi, indeks eritrosit, koloid, kristaloid, sepsis

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite