Judul: Development Lamp of Light Emitting Diode (LED) as Artificial Lighting on Petepete Liftnet in South Sulawesi.
Abstrak: Development of lights-equipped fishing gears in Indonesia has been growing rapidly and even more significant in recent years. The use of boat liftnet as fishing gears, which applying light lamps to attract fish has increased from 12,520 units in 2008 to 13,120 units in 2010, statistically. This growth have been increasing the percentage of boat liftnet operation in South Sulawesi within the period of 2011-2012 for 5.95%. This statistic data showed the amount of energy used to produce light during the operation liftnet, not including lights operated on purse seiner which also uses light in its operations. In Barru District, the fishing technique with boat liftnet (‘bagan petepete’ is the local name) still use the mercury lamps to attract the fish. This lights has been considered unfriendly environmental criteria due to the fact that it relatively required a huge amount of energy (electricity), short lifetime, and contains heavy metal in its raw material. Thus, an alternative technology to reduce consumption of electricity energy for boat liftnet fisheries is urgently needed. One of alternative solution is to applying an energy-saving, longer lifetime, lower heat radiation and shock resistance type of light lamps, which is called Light Emitting Diode (LED) technology. This LED technology is still developing for further used and is expected to be used widely, including fishing gears technology. The main objective of this research is to: (1) analyze the current system of petepete boat liftnet fisheries in Barru district; (2) analyze the feasibility of LED lamps for boat liftnet petepete fisheris in Barru district; and (3) develop a grand strategy in applying LED lamps technology to petepete liftnet fisheries in South Sulawesi waters. Fishing operation of the petepete liftnet was carried out in Barru district waters, as part of Makassar Strait, South Sulawesi. Two units of boat liftnet petepete was operated at 4o22'48.7" to 4°33'47.8" South and 119° 25'05.0" to 119°33'42.7" East. Both liftnet were operated at 25-50 meters water depth with distance of 3-11.5 nautical mile from the Barru coastal lines. There were 50 trips of fishing conducted from October to September 2012 and April to May 2013 during this study. There were some different operating techniques between petepete liftnet compared to other bigger boat liftnet (e.g. “Bagan Rambo” the local name) as following. First, the setting in petepete boat lifnet was conducted before the external lights were dimmed, while the bagan Rambo is contrary technique.. Second, the bagan rambo cannot move individually to find shelter during the bad weather condition or simply to find new fishing ground when the catch of previous hauling is not satisfactory. The petepete liftnet was equipped with 20 units LED and each unit has a 80-watt and able to penetrate into 15 meters water depth with 5 lux of intensities. Both lamps have similar result of fish caught and no protected or endangered biota being caught during this study. Although the fishing gear equipped with mercury lamps v resulted more caught then LED, however it was economically not significantly different. The Return Cost Ratio (R/C Ratio) was 1.26, meaning that for each one Rupiah
Keyword: feasibility of LED lamp, fishing gears, petepete boat liftnet

Judul: Pengembangan Lampu Light Emitting Diode (Led) Sebagai Pemikat Ikan Pada Perikanan Bagan Petepete Di Sulawesi Selatan
Abstrak: Perkembangan alat tangkap yang menggunakan cahaya di Indonesia terus berkembang dan mengalami peningkatan dari tahun ke tahun. Alat tangkap bagan perahu (boat liftnet) yang pengoperasiannya menggunakan lampu meningkat dari tahun 2008 sebanyak 12 520 unit menjadi 13 120 unit pada tahun 2010 dan kenaikan alat tangkap jaring angkat di Sulawesi Selatan tahun 2011-2012 sebesar 5.95%. Data statistik tersebut menunjukkan besarnya energi yang digunakan untuk menghasilkan cahaya dalam pengoperasian bagan, belum termasuk lampu yang dioperasikan di kapal purse seine yang juga menggunakan cahaya dalam pengoperasinya. Teknik penangkapan ikan dengan alat tangkap bagan di Kabupaten Barru masih menggunakan lampu merkuri. Lampu jenis ini membutuhkan energi listrik yang cukup besar, umur pendek dan bahannya mengandung logam berat. Salah satu alternatif untuk mengurangi penggunaan energi listrik yang besar ini dapat digunakan jenis lampu hemat energi. Jenis lampu yang hemat energi, umur panjang, radiasi panas rendah, dan tahan terhadap guncangan adalah lampu Light Emitting Diode (LED). Teknologi lampu LED ini terus berkembang dan telah digunakan di berbagai bidang ilmu dan kegiatan manusia termasuk bidang penangkapan ikan. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) menganalisis sistem perikanan bagan petepete di Kabupaten Barru; (2) menganalisis kelayakan penggunaan lampu LED pada perikanan bagan petepete di Kabupaten Barru; dan (3) mengembangkan strategi penerapan lampu LED pada perikanan bagan petepete di Sulawesi Selatan. Operasi penangkapan bagan petepete dilaksanakan di perairan Kabupaten Barru, Selat Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan. Secara geografis operasi penangkapan dua unit bagan petepete berada pada posisi 4°22'48.7"-4°33'47.8" Lintang Selatan dan 119°25'05.0"-119°33'42.7" Bujur Timur. Kedua bagan petepete dioperasikan pada kedalaman 25-50 meter dengan jarak dari pantai 3-11.5 mil laut. Pengamatan lapang dilakukan 50 trip mulai dari bulan Oktober-Sepember 2012 dan April-Mei 2013. Bagan petepete di Kabupaten Barru mempunyai perbedaan tahapan proses pengoperasian penangkapan dengan bagan perahu lainnya (bagan rambo). Perbedaannya yaitu, bagan rambo melakukan setting bersamaan dengan penyalaan lampu di sore hari, sedangkan bagan petepete setting dilakukan sebelum pemadaman lampu terluar dan bagan rambo tidak bisa berlindung pada saat cuaca buruk, serta tidak dapat dipindahkan mencari daerah tangkapan baru jika hasil hauling pertama tidak memuaskan. Bagan petepete yang dioperasikan menggunakan lampu LED 80 watt sebanyak 20 unit mampu menembus perairan sampai kedalam 15 meter dengan intensitas 5 lux. Jenis ikan yang ditangkap, baik menggunakan lampu merkuri maupun lampu LED menangkap jenis yang sama, dan tidak dijumpai jenis ikan iii langka dan dilindungi tertangkap. Berat ikan tertangkap dari bagan yang menggunakan lampu merkuri lebih baik dari bagan yang menggunakan lampu LED, namun nilai ekonomi tangkapan secara statistik tidak berbeda. Nilai Return Cost Ratio (R/C Ratio) sebesar 1.26 yang berarti setiap satu rupiah yang dikeluarkan akan menghasilkan sebesar 1.26 rupiah. Nilai Return of Investment (ROI) sebesar 39.71 yang berarti setiap investasi sebesar Rp 100 akan mendapatkan keuntungan sebesar Rp 39.71. Nilai Payback of Period (PP) sebesar 2.52 berarti waktu pengembalian modal selama 2.52 tahun. Tingkat keramahan lingkungan penggunaan lampu LED pada bagan petepete secara keseluruhan berada pada kisaran ramah lingkungan. Keberlanjutan penggunaan lampu LED pada bagan apung berkelanjutan karena semua kriteria keberlanjutan terpenuhi. Lampu LED layak secara teknis, ekonomis, keberlanjutan, dan keramahan lingkungan digunakan sebagai alat bantu penangkapan ikan pada perikanan bagan petepeta. Secara
Keyword: alat bantu penangkapan ikan, bagan petepete, kelayakan lampu LED

Judul: Grup dan Homomorfisma Grup pada Rubik Revenge
Abstrak: Rubik cube is a kind of puzzle game. A player must arrange rubik sides, which have been disordered, back to the position where every side has the same colour. This paper does not focus on the settlement solution, but instead on proving the existence of a group homomorphism between rubik movement group and S96 symmetric permutation group in rubik revenge. Firstly, it has been proved that rubik movement set is a group. Then, it also has been proved that the M set, which contains numeric labels of 1 until 96 in cubinos sides, is S96 symmetric permutation group.
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