Judul: Optimasi Proses Pembuatan Mi Sorgum Kering dengan Menggunakan Ekstruder Ulir Ganda
Abstrak: The Objective of this research was to optimize two processing variable i.e. extruder temperature (80, 85, and 90 oC) and screw speed (10, 15, and 20 Hz). The optimum process was chosen using Response Surface Method (RSM) in Design Expert 7.0 software. Optimization using response surface method (RSM) were based on 7 parameters, i.e., cooking loss, elongation, hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness, and springiness. Result of this research showed that the optimum processing condition with desirability of 0.551, was resulted from the combination of the extruder temperature 85 oC and screw speed 10 Hz. The verification showed that the sorghum noodles from this optimum condition had cooking loss of 12.87 %, elongation of 234.84 %, hardness of 2094.82 gf, cohesiveness of 0.597, gumminess of -37.25 gf, chewiness of 33.492 gf, and springiness of 0.899
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Judul: Optimasi Pembuatan Mi Sorgum Menggunakan Ekstruder Pemasak-Pencetak Ulir Tungga
Abstrak: The objectives of this research were optimization of sorghum noodle process using single screw cooking-forming extruder and analyze its consumer acceptance in hedonic test. Variable process in this research were extruder temperature (80-95oC) and screw speed (50-125 rpm). The design experiments and the optimum process determined using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) in Design Expert 7.0. Cooking loss and elongation of cooked sorghum noodles were evaluated. The optimum product was chosen based on minimal cooking loss. Optimum process was gained at extruder temperature was 95oC and screw speed was 125 rpm, produced sorghum noodles with cooking loss 8.95% and elongation 332.4%. Cooked sorghum noodles had a dull colour. Improvement of color and appearance from sorghum noodle have done by adding corn flour and mixed it with sorghum flour. Sorghum noodle and sorghum-corn noodle were evaluated in hedonic test for their colour, turbidity of boiled water, hardness, elongation, dan taste. Sorghum noodles which mixed by corn flour had a better hedonic scale in color and turbidity of boiled water (p<0.05), but hardness, elongation, and taste were not significantly different
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Judul: Prevalence of Bird Lice on Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) in 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia
Abstrak: Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) have coexisted with humans for thousands of years and are used for various purposes such as food and in sports. Rock pigeons may have the potential to be infested with a wide range of ectoparasites, which can have a significant impact on their life cycle. This study aims to measure the prevalence of Columba livia with bird lice in 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia in the year 2020 and to ascertain the impact of bird lice on the health of these infested birds. Data were collected from clinical records for the month of January to December in the year 2020 from 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia. Lice were identified in 42 of the 80 Rock pigeons examined so, the overall prevalence of lice infestations was 52.5%. The prevalence of ectoparasites was found to be higher in young Rock pigeons (60.4%) as compared to adult Rock pigeons (37.4%). Columbicola columbae (wing lice) and Colpocephalum turbinatum (body lice) are two species of lice that have been detected. Body lice were more prevalent in young Columba livia birds at 47.6% whereas wing lice were more prevalent in adult Columba livia birds at 16.7%. Most of the lice were found in the thorax and abdomen area followed by the head and neck area., Merpati Batu (Columba livia) telah hidup berdampingan dengan manusia selama ribuan tahun dan digunakan untuk berbagai keperluan seperti makanan dan olahraga. Merpati batu dapat terinfestasi dengan berbagai ektoparasit, yang dapat berdampak signifikan pada siklus hidup mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi Columba livia dengan kutu burung di 99 Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia pada tahun 2020 dan untuk memastikan dampaknya terhadap kesehatan burung yang terinfestasi. Data dikumpulkan dari catatan klinis dari bulan Januari hingga Desember tahun 2020 dari 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia. Kutu diidentifikasi pada 42 dari 80 merpati batu yang diperiksa sehingga, prevalensi keseluruhan infestasi kutu adalah 52,5%. Prevalensi ektoparasit ditemukan lebih tinggi pada merpati batu muda (60,4%) dibandingkan dengan merpati batu dewasa (37,4%). Columbicola columbae (kutu sayap) dan Colpocephalum turbinatum (kutu badan) adalah dua spesies kutu yang telah ditemukan. Kutu badan lebih banyak ditemukan pada burung Columba livia muda sebesar 47,6% sedangkan kutu sayap lebih banyak ditemukan pada burung Columba livia dewasa sebesar 16,7%. Sebagian besar kutu ditemukan di daerah dada dan abdomen diikuti daerah kepala dan leher.
Keyword: Columba livia, prevalence, ectoparasite, wing lice, body lice, Columba livia, prevalensi, ektoparasit, kutu sayap, kutu badan