Judul: Deindustrialisasi di Indonesia 1983 – 2008: Analisis dengan Pendekatan Kaldorian
Abstrak: Hukum pertama dari teori pertumbuhan wilayah yang dikemukakan oleh Kaldor (1966) diacu dalam Dasgupta dan Singh (2006) menyebutkan bahwa sektor manufaktur merupakan mesin pertumbuhan bagi suatu negara atau wilayah. Teori tersebut memicu banyak negara untuk melakukan industrialisasi agar didapatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi yang positif bagi negaranya. Ternyata pada negara-negara maju terjadi fenomena deindustrialisasi (deindustrialization) pada beberapa periode terakhir yang terlihat dari proporsi pekerja dan proporsi nilai tambah sektor manufaktur yang menurun. Rowthorn dan Wells (1987) diacu dalam IMF (1997) berargumentasi bahwa terjadinya deindustrialisasi pada negara maju merupakan deindustrialisasi positif karena merupakan sebuah konsekuensi dari proses pembangunan pada sebuah sistem perekonomian yang telah maju. Kitson dan Michie (1997) menyebutkan bahwa deindustrialisasi bisa juga sebagai pertanda lemahnya perekonomian suatu wilayah. Deindustrialisasi yang memberi dampak negatif tersebut, yang disebut juga dengan deindustrialisasi negatif, ditandai dengan rendahnya trade balance, produktivitas, pendapatan nasional dan standar hidup masyarakatnya.
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Judul: The Determinants of De-industrialization in Indonesia: 2000 – 2009
Abstrak: Indonesian manufacturing sector has shown signs of de-industrialization in recent years. It has experienced a decline in the share of manufacturing employment. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that affecting the de-industrialization in Indonesia. Panel data regression analysis was applied. The result indicate that each factor i.e national affluence, productivity growth, foreign direct investment, openness and unemployment gives significant contributions to de-industrialization except human capital. Furthermore, economic globalization also affects the de-industrialization, boths directly and indirectly through employment patterns.
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Judul: Mitochondrial DNA Gene Organization and Phylogenetic Relationship of Naja siamensis
Abstrak: Naja siamensis is one of Asiatic cobra in the Family of Elapidae, known as a cryptic snake. It has many morphological variations that lead to misidentification. Misidentification can cause the wrong concept in developing antivenom types due to high snakebite cases occur in Thailand. Thus, an accurate species identification using a molecular approach is crucially required. Mitochondrial DNA has been used widely in snake molecular studies. These studies were aimed to determine the arrangement of the N. siamensis partial mitochondrial genes using reptile-oriented primers and to reveal the phylogenetic relationship among other species of Asian cobra. DNA extraction was carried out based on the standard DNA salting-out protocol and was conducted by bioinformatics analysis using BLASTn and MEGA 6 software. Gene annotation was performed against N. kaouthia complete genome. A total of 3121 bp of N. siamensis mtDNA genes were sequenced consisting of partial of six regions: 16S rRNA, ND1, tRNA-Ile, CRII region, tRNA-Leu, tRNA-Gln, and COI genes. The mtDNA gene organization of N. siamensis was predicted to has a similar pattern with the common Elapidae mtDNA gene organization. This study showed that there is a monophyletic form in Naja genus and N. kaouthia is the closest species with N. siamensis based on partial 16S rRNA and ND1 gene.
Keyword: 16S rRNA, Elapidae, ND1, phylogenetic relationship