Judul: Time and Temperature Effects of Ultrasound Treatments on the Resistant Starch Content of Canna edulis Ker
Abstrak: Ultrasonication was applied to Ganyong (Canna edulis Ker) starch for three treatment of times (15, 30, and 45 minutes) at controlled temperature (30⁰, 45⁰, and 60⁰C). Ganyong as a local indigenous plant was chosen as the material in this study because it has big potential to produce resistant starch from its high content of amylose compared to other tuber’s starch, such as cassava, sweet potato, yam and arrowroot. Ultrasonication at 60⁰C and 45 minute was chosen as best treatment combination in this study due to the highest yield of resistant starch produced. Native canna starch was observed to have 1.45±0.24 % of resistant starch, however the number significantly increased to 48.19 ± 0.84% of resistant starch after modification (p<0.05). Further physicochemical changes of native and modified starch were observed. The results showed that there were no significant changes in the proximate analysis profiles before and after treatment. However, the ultrasonication significantly influence the pasting profiles (p<0.05) which was also expected due to the increase of starch granule size range from 30-160 μm to 45-179 μm after modification. The morphological changes were clearly observed by SEM and PLM, which showed swollen granule with rougher surface and fissures after modification. Thermal analysis using DSC did not significantly influenced the gelatinization temperature of the granule starch, however the increase of enthalpy (ΔH) occured from 2.99 to 10.86 J/kg. This result indicated the increase of resistant starch within canna starch granule.
Keyword: ganyong, Canna edulis Ker., resistant starch, ultrasonication

Judul: Produksi Pati Ganyong (Canna edulis Kerr) Resisten Tipe IV melalui Modifikasi Asetilasi
Abstrak: Edible canna is a potential forest product that can be used as food diversification. The objective of this research was to obtain resistant starch which has been proven for its physiological effect. The production of resistant starch was done by chemically modified which used different concentration of acetic anhydride, namely 3, 4, and 5% in 300 g of edible canna. Two types of edible canna used in this research are red edible canna and white edible canna. The degree of substitution which gained through acetylation is 0.082, 0.168, 0.257 for red edible canna and 0.082, 0.168, 0.257 for white edible canna. Through proximate analysis, modification of edible canna starch resulted in increase of water content and decrease of ash content, while protein content, lipid and carbohydrate content showed no relatively difference. Total starch content, amylose, amylopectin, dietary fiber, resistant starch and digestibility of starch were measured for edible canna and the selected modified edible canna (4%). The results showed that modification through acetylation can increase resistant starch content. It increased 3.54% in red edible canna while for white edible canna is 3.80%. These results influenced the increasing of total dietary fiber with value 2.45% for red edible canna and 1.95% for white edible canna. The increasing of dietary fiber will result in the decreasing of digestibility of starch with value 1.58% for red edible canna and 1.98% for white edible canna.
Keyword: starch modification, resistant starch type IV, digestibility, Canna edulis

Judul: Penetapan Harga Jaminan Polis Asuransi Jiwa dengan Premi  Tahunan dan Opsi Surrender
Abstrak: Asuransi jiwa memberikan perlindungan pada tertanggung (pemegang polis) jika mengalami risiko finansial, dengan suatu perjanjian tertanggung harus membayar premi. Premi yang sudah terkumpul pada perusahaan asuransi dapat diinvestasikan, yang salah satu tempatnya adalah di pasar bursa. Perusahaan asuransi menawarkan suatu kontrak kepada pemegang polis yang disebut dengan kontrak partisipasi. Pada kontrak partisipasi risiko finansial dan keuntungan dibagi dengan pemegang polis dan biasanya keuntungan tersebut dimasukkan ke dalam cadangan polis pada tiap akhir tahun kontrak. Hal ini berarti secara tidak langsung perusahaan asuransi menyatakan penambahan pertanggungan, sehingga mengakibatkan perubahan benefit yang diterima oleh pemegang polis. Pada kontrak partisipasi ini, pemegang polis diberikan hak untuk mengakhiri kontrak (opsi surrender). Pada kontrak partisipasi asuransi jiwa endowmen terdapat opsi bonus (bonus option) yang penghitungan besar preminya dengan pendekatan tipe Eropa dan opsi surrender (surrender option) dengan tipe Amerika.
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