Judul: Systematic Review : Cendawan Entomopatogen sebagai Agensia Hayati dalam Pengendalian Serangga Hama Tanaman Kehutanan
Abstrak: Cendawan entomopatogen telah digunakan dalam pengendalian hayati karena sifatnya yang ramah lingkungan dibandingkan insektisida. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi cendawan entomopatogen dengan mengidentifikasi hasil-hasil penelitian mengenai efektivitas cendawan sebagai agen hayati untuk mengendalikan serangga hama tanaman kehutanan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode systematic review sehingga dapat dilakukan analisis lanjutan. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang berasal dari 51 artikel ilmiah terkait uji cendawan entomopatogen terhadap serangga hama tanaman kehutanan. Publikasi ditemukan di berbagai benua dengan peningkatan publikasi terjadi pada tahun 2020. Serangga dari Ffamili Curculionidae paling banyak ditemukan sebanyak 14 spesies, sedangkan kisaran stadia yang paling banyak didapati dilapangan dan telah diuji yaitu tahap dewasa. Cendawan entomopatogen didominasi oleh divisi Ascomycota sebanyak 31 spesies, dan diantaranya dari famili Cordycipitaceae sebanyak 10 spesies. Metode yang paling banyak digunakan sebesar 33% adalah metode penyemprotan langsung pada serangga dan perendaman dalam formulasi entomopatogen., Entomopathogenic fungi have been used in biological control because of they are environmentally friendly when compared to insecticides. This study aims to determine the potential of entomopathogenic fungi by identifying research results on the effectiveness of fungi as biological agents to control insect pests of forestry plants. The research was conducted using a systematic review method so that further analysis can be carried out. The data used in this study was secondary data derived from 51 scientific articles related to entomopathogenic fungi tests against insect pests of forestry plants. Publications were found on various continents with an increase in publication occurring in 2020. Insects from the Curculionidae family were mostly found in as many as 14 species, while the most common range of stages found in the field and had been tested was the adult stage. The entomopathogenic fungi were dominated by the Ascomycota division of 31 species, and 10 of them were from the Cordycipitaceae family. The most widely used methods for 33% was direct spraying on insects and immersion in entomopathogenic formulation.
Keyword: ascomycota, curculionidae, entomopathogen, systematic review

Judul: The Research on Biological Control Pests in Indonesia: A Systematic Review
Abstrak: Penelitian pengendalian hayati di Indonesia sudah cukup banyak dilakukan, tetapi sejauh ini belum ada analisis sistematis mengenai sejauh mana penelitian ini menghasilkan teknologi pengendalian hayati yang dapat dipraktikkan di lapang. Analisis ini penting untuk dilakukan agar dapat diketahui informasi dasar (baseline information) mengenai penelitian pengendalian hayati sejauh ini serta memberikan arah riset pengendalian hayati kedepannya. Telaah sistematik ini diharapkan pula dapat digunakan untuk pembaharuan arah riset pengendalian hayati kedepan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan telaah sistematis terhadap riset pengendalian hayati yang dilakukan di Indonesia selama 20 tahun terakhir. Semua artikel didapatkan dari berbagai pangkalan data yang ditelusuri dengan kata kunci yang berhubungan dengan pengendalian hayati. Pemilihan artikel dilakukan sesuai kriteria kelayakan literatur. Dari hasil penelusuran tersaring 453 artikel dimana 269 diantaranya adalah artikel yang fokus pada parasitoid dan predator. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan riset yang signifikan terhadap pengendalian hayati selama 20 tahun terakhir. Dari hasil penelitian terlihat bahwa pengendalian hayati di Indonesia didominasi riset mengenai patogen. Khusus untuk predator dan parasitoid dilakukan analisis lebih dalam dan hasilnya dapat diketahui bahwa penelitian didominasi riset untuk tanaman padi sedangkan fokus penelitian yang paling banyak diteliti adalah identifikasi dan studi biologi musuh alami. Penelitian-penelitian tersebut masih membahas ilmu-ilmu dasar dan belum mengarah pada musuh alami potensial yang siap dipakai untuk skala besar. Selama 20 tahun terakhir ini tercatat empat musuh alami yang dilaporkan dalam pelepasan skala besar yaitu Anagyrus lopezi, Lanius schach, Tetrastichus brontispae, dan Trichogramma spp.. Riset mengenai pelepasan tersebut masih terbatas pada kemapanan musuh alami dan atau mortalitas hama sasaran. Riset pelepasan belum mengarah pada pengukuran keberhasilannya sehingga menjadi salah satu poin arah penelitian kedepan., Biological control research in Indonesia has a long history since it was started by the Dutch scientists more thatn 100 years ago. Currently, the number of research on biological control has arisen, but there has been no systematic analysis of how this research produces technology that can be practiced in the field. This analysis is essential since it provides a baseline information about biological control research and provide future research direction on biological control. This systematic review is also expected to provide information for the future research direction on biological control. This study aims to conduct a systematic review of biological control research conducted in Indonesia over the past 20 years. All articles were obtained from various databases and searched for keywords related to biological control. The selection of articles is carried out according to the eligibility criteria. Based on searches, 453 articles were screened, of which 269 articles were focused on parasitoids and predators. This study shows a significant increase in research on biological control over the past 20 years. From the results, it can be seen that biological control research in Indonesia was dominated by research on pathogens. Further analysis were done on research on predators and parasitoids and the results showed that the most research commodity is paddy rice while the focus of research was dominated by identification and biology study of natural enemies. These studies mainlystill address the basic sciences and have not led to potential natural enemies ready to be
Keyword: Kesenjangan pengetahuan, Parasitoid, Predator, Keberhasilan pengendalian hayati, Telaah pustaka sistematis

Judul: Sintesis BaTiO3 dari Campuran Ba(OH)2 dan TiO2 dengan Tambahan PbO
Abstrak: Piezoelectric material can generate electric field in response to applied mechanical stress. Conversely, they can stretch and contract in response to an electric field. This material can be used for many applications such as transducer, microphone, ultrasound, and pressure gauge. Barium titanate is a ferroelectric material with piezoelectric properties that can be synthesized easily. The aim of this study is to synthesis barium titanate from mixture of Ba(OH)2 and TiO2, also observe its optimum temperature and the effect of PbO addition. The method of synthesis was solid-state reaction and sol-gel method, then the products were characterized with x-ray diffraction (XRD). Based on XRD analysis, the optimum temperature for both methods was 800°C. Addition of PbO to BaTiO3 in the solid-state reaction formed a compound with formula of Ba1-xPbxTiO3. The addition has changed diffraction pattern peak at 2θ and strengthened its tetragonal structure. The best result was obtained at x of 0.5 which will form a compound of Ba0.5Pb0.5TiO3.
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