Judul: Analisis Curah Hujan, Debit dan Tutupan Lahan di Sub DAS Ciliwung Hulu
Abstrak: Large floods that occurred in the Jakarta in 1996, 2002, 2007 and 2013 respect of Ciliwung watershed. Factors that cause flooding are basically two things that rainfall and land cover. The aim of study to analysis of frequency to predict the opportunity of maximum rainfall in one day, 2 days, and 3 days, as well as to analyze the maximum daily discharge in the return period of 5, 10, 25 and 50 years and to analysis change of land cover in Ciliwung up stream. The analysis result shows that the maximum rainfall in the period of 5, 10, 25 and 50 years are respectively 130 mm, 160 mm, 200 mm and 229 mm/day. While the opportunity of 2 day-maximum rainfall in the same return periods are 168 mm, 202 mm, 248 mm, and 283 mm respectively. The opportunity of 3 day maximum rainfall in the same return periods are 215 mm, 268 mm, 337 mm, and 389 mm respectively. The opportunity of maximum daily discharge in the return periods of 5, 10, 25 and 50 years are 470 m3/s; 565,5 m3/s; 703,4 m3/s, and 819,5 m3/s respectively. The minimum daily discharge in the same return periods are 1,4 m3/s; 1 m3/s; 0,7 m3/s; and 0,6 m3/s respectively.The average increase in the area woke up from 1996 to 2011 was 71.8 ha/year.
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Judul: Pemanfaatan Data Penginderaan Jauh untuk Analisis Perubahan Lahan dan Curah Hujan terhadap Aliran Permukaan di DAS Ciliwung
Abstrak: The potential of flood occurrence in Jakarta has increased year by year. It caused by the presence of positive growth population that led the landuse change in the watershed (DAS) of Ciliwung. This landuse change has raised surface runoff in Jakarta and surrounding areas. This study aims to analyze the effect of landuse changes and precipitations to the surface runoff in Ciliwung watershed using Soil Conservation Services (SCS) method based on remote sensing satellite data. The results showed that the heavy rainfall has triggered the high runoff in the certain area. This heavy rainfall had various distributions in each sub-watershed so it was difficult to find runoff pattern in the watershed. Based on the soil hydrologic group (KHT), the forest area in upstream which has C type had lowest runoff coefficient (C) value than D type. The settlement and agricultural area in the central and downstream watershed had the highest C value. The decreasing of forest area in the upstream watershed was found around 1.7 % along with the increasing of settlement area and mix garden/plantation area in the central and downstream watershed that were 17.7 % and 10.4 %, respectively. Those conditions have caused the increasing of runoff coefficient around 24 % from year 2002 to 2012. The influence of ENSO phenomenon such as La Nina has caused high surface runoff in the Ciliwung watershed causing inundation/flooding in the downstream watershed area (Jakarta and surrounding areas) in those years.
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Judul: Elektrode Komposit Zeolit sebagai Biosensor Berbasis Tirosinase
Abstrak: Tyrosinase is a copper-containing oxidase, which catalyzes the first 2 steps in mammalian melanogenesis and responsible for enzymatic browning reactions. This study aims to develop and characterize tyrosinase biosensor of zeolite composite and its stability. The enzyme should be properly attached to the transducer for maintaining enzyme activity. Tyrosinase activity was monitored by L-DOPA as a substrate. The optimum conditions of tyrosinase activity obtained by respon optimizer were tyrosinase 50 U/mL and zeolite 150 mg/mL. Using of ferrocene as mediator and zeolite as the immobilization matrix on electrode increased the activity of tyrosinase. KMapp and Imaks app values of tyrosinase were determined by Lineweaver-Burk method, giving 6.04 mM and 6.42 mM, respectively. The electrode of zeolite as immobilizing matrix was relatively stable until 2 hours, the remaining tyrosinase activity was 87.45%
Keyword: tyrosinase inhibitor, tyrosinase-based electrode, biosensor