Judul: Kontribusi Pembinaan Usaha Kebun Karet Rakyat Terhadap Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Desa Hutan di PT. Sarpatim, Kalimantan Tengah
Abstrak: Forest Village Community Development (PMDH) is a community development to improve welfare of community who live in and surronding forest area and to prevent deforestation. This study was aimed to determine contribution of small holder rubber palantation business (KKR) to the income of the people and the relation to forest encroachment by public. The main data used are the characteristics of the respondent, the respondent's total incomes and expenditure, and data rate of forest encroachment. KKR activities conducted by PT. Sarpatim has contributed to improve the welfare of society approximately 50% of total incomes. The factors that significantly influence to farmer income from rubber business is the rubber gum production, gum collection frequency, and employment status of rubber farmers. KKR has been successful to increasing people's income, but have not been able to reduce the rate of forest encroachment by people, it could be caused by increase population and ill-defined property rigths of state forest.
Keyword: forest encroachment., welfare, KKR, PMDH

Judul: Pengembangan Kegiatan Pembinaan Masyarakat Desa Hutan (PMDH) di PT. Ratah Timber, Kalimantan Timur.
Abstrak: Masyarakat di dalam dan di sekitar hutan luar Pulau Jawa umumnya menghadapi masalah kemiskinan dengan pertanian sebagai basis ekonominya. Pola usahataninya masih bersifat ekstensifikasi dan cenderung subsisten, tingkat kesehatan belum memadai serta sarana dan prasarana yang masih terbatas. Hal ini menyebabkan rendahnya tingkat kesejahteraan masyarakat desa yang berada di dalam atau sekitar hutan tersebut. Memperhatikan kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat setempat yang tinggal di dalam dan sekitar areal kerja IUPHHK-HA, dan kemampuan yang dimiliki pemegang IUPHHK-HA, pemerintah melalui Keputusan Menteri Kehutanan No. 523/Kpts-II/1997 telah mewajibkan kepada pemegang IUPHHK-HA untuk lebih peduli terhadap upaya-upaya pembinaan masyarakat tradisional yang berada di dalam dan di sekitar areal kerja IUPHHKHA dalam rangka meningkatkan kesejahteraan. Kebijaksanaan ini dikenal dengan Pembinaan Masyarakat Desa Hutan (PMDH).
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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