Judul: Continuous Production of Casein-based Bioactive Peptide  using Dual Enzymatic Proteolysis
Abstrak: Sodium Caseinate is a derivative form of Casein Protein that is commonly found in milk proteins and has the potential as a parent protein for producing bioactive peptides. The functionality of bioactive peptides can be increased by dual enzyme hydrolysis with alcalase and neutrase enzymes. Several parameters were considered in conducting continuous dual enzyme hydrolysis, namely; enzyme-to substrate concentration ratio (E/S), pH value, and residence time. This research aimed to produce bioactive peptides from sodium caseinate continuously using an enzymatic membrane reactor and study the optimum parameters that can enhance the functionalities of the hydrolysates. Permeate with an E/S of 7.5%, pH value of 7.0, and residence time = 9 h had the highest values for the antioxidant capacity of 19.65 ± 1.81 mgAEAC/mL for DPPH Method, 22.47 ± 6.50 mgAEAC/mL for FRAP method, and 91.39 ± 3.13% inhibition for ABTS method. The value of IC50 antioxidant with the DPPH method was 0,18 ± 0,03 g/mL obtained by filtering permeate with a PES (Polyethersulfone) membrane MWCO of 4 kDa. Keywords: Alcalase, bioactive peptides, casein, enzymatic membrane reactor, neutrase
Keyword: Protein, Enzymatic Membrane Reactor, Antioxidant, Casein, Hydrolysis, Bioactive Peptides

Judul: Produksi  Peptida Bioaktif dari Kasein Susu dengan Menggunakan Enzim Neutrase di Dalam Reaktor Membran
Abstrak: Peptida bioaktif dapat dihasilkan lewat hidrolisis “parent” protein dan dipergunakan sebagai ingridien fungsional. Ingridien fungsional dapat dimanfaatkan untuk memproduksi pangan fungsional yang memiliki fungsi kesehatan guna mencegah penyakit kronis disamping sebagi sumber zat gizi. Peptida bioaktif yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antioksidan dapat diproduksi secara kontinyu dari kasein susu dengan enzim neutrase menggunakan reaktor membran enzimatis. Penelitian terbagi menjadi dua tahap yaitu hidrolisis kasein susu dengan variasi parameter reaksi (konsentrasi substrat, rasio enzim-substrat, dan residence time ) dan analisis IC50 dari fraksi permeat dengan parameter reaksi terbaik ( <10 kDa, <5 kDa, <4 kDa, dan <2 kDa). Permeat dengan kapasitas antioksidan terbaik dihasilkan dengan kondisi reaksi: konsentrasi substrat 1% (b/v), rasio enzim-substrat 15%, dan residence time 9 jam, dengan kapasitas antioksidan 17,33 ± 1,25 µg AEAC/mL (DPPH), 17,25 ± 0,31 µg AEAC/mL (FRAP), dan 90,64 ± 0,76 (ABTS). Nilai IC50 terbaik didapatkan pada permeat dengan berat molekul <5 kDa sebesar 1,51 ± 0,13 mg/mL.
Keyword: reaktor membran, kasein susu, enzim neutrase, antioksidan, peptida bioaktif

Judul: Etno-ornitologi Burung Kancilan Flores (Pachycephala nudigula nudigula Hartert 1897) pada Masyarakat Lio di Taman Nasional Kelimutu
Abstrak: Bare-throathed whistler is one of several wild birds in Kelimutu National Park (TNKL) that is believed to have correlation with Lio Community‟s belief. The estimation of Bare-throated whistler‟s population in Kelimutu National Park was about 186.41-1668.07 individual by the density about 0.0389-0.3481 ind/ha with the sex ratio 6.2:1 that spreaded on area with height of 1100 – 1600 masl. The characteristic of Bare-throated whistler‟s habitat is a natural forest with various canopy level, high plant species diversity and high density. The habitat characteristics related to the availability of food in the form of insects, cover, safety and a nesting site. Generally the most of Lio community knew the existence of Bare-throated whistler directly or from their parents‟ stories. The perceptions of Lio Community to the Bare-throated whistler‟s existence is generally support the conservation efforts. The perceptions construct the Lio Community‟s atitude that tend to be conservative to the existence of Bare-throated whistler. The attitude shown by their behavior that not cathing the Bare-throated whistler from the TNKL‟s area or the outside. The attitude have an important role to the existence of Bare-throated whistler in Kelimutu National Park‟s area.
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