Judul: The Problem of Poverty in Central Java Province and Policy Suggestions to Reduce It
Abstrak: Provinsi Jawa Tengah masih berkutat dengan masalah kemiskinan yang tinggi. Provinsi Jawa Tengah menjadi salah satu provinsi di Indonesia dengan penduduk miskin yang tinggi di Pulau Jawa pada tahun 2021. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis masalah kemiskinan di Provinsi Jawa Tengah serta saran kebijakan untuk menguranginya. Penelitian ini menggunakan regresi data panel 35 kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah tahun 2017-2021. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode analisis kualitatif deskriptif dan kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi data panel dengan Fixed Effect Model (FEM). Hasil estimasi penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel pertumbuhan ekonomi, jumlah penduduk, tingkat pengangguran terbuka, indeks pembangunan manusia, dan rata-rata lama sekolah berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kemiskinan di Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Hal ini perlu diatasi dengan kebijakan program dari pemerintah pusat maupun pemerintah daerah untuk dapat mengentaskan jumlah penduduk miskin yang masih tinggi. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disarankan bahwa kebijakan yang dilakukan untuk menurunkan jumlah penduduk miskin melalui pengendalian jumlah penduduk dengan program keluarga berencana., Central Java Province is still struggling with the problem of high poverty. Central Java Province is one of the provinces in Indonesia with a high poverty population on the island of Java in 2021. This research aims to analyze the problem of poverty in Central Java Province as well as policy suggestions to reduce it. This research uses panel data regression for 35 districts/cities in Central Java Province in 2017-2021. The method used is descriptive qualitative and quantitative analysis methods with panel data regression analysis with the Fixed Effect Model (FEM). The research estimation results show that the variables of economic growth, population, open unemployment rate, human development index, and average length of schooling have a significant effect on poverty in Central Java Province. This needs to be addressed with program policies from the central government and regional governments to be able to eradicate the still high number of poor people. Based on this research, it can be suggested that policies should be implemented to reduce the number of poor people through controlling the population with the family planning program.
Keyword: Fixed Effect Model (FEM), Jawa Tengah, Kemiskinan, Regresi Data Panel

Judul: The Effect of Fiscal Decentralization and Other Determinants on Poverty Level in East Java Province
Abstrak: Kemiskinan menjadi isu global dan diungkapkan secara tegas sebagai sasaran pembangunan milenium. Provinsi Jawa Timur menjadi provinsi yang memiliki jumlah penduduk miskin paling banyak di Indonesia yang mencapai 4,6 juta jiwa tahun 2020. Rata-rata derajat desentralisasi fiskal Provinsi Jawa Timur pada tahun 2015-2020 sebesar 60,54 persen yang artinya tingkat kemandirian daerah dikategorikan sangat tinggi, namun permasalahan kemiskinan masih belum teratasi. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh desentralisasi fiskal terhadap tingkat kemiskinan di Provinsi Jawa Timur. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif dan analisis regresi data panel. Data yang dipakai yaitu data dari 38 kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Timur selama periode tahun 2015-2020. Dalam penelitian ini, desentralisasi fiskal diproksikan melalui variabel derajat desentralisasi fiskal. Hasil analisis menunjukkan variabel derajat desentralisasi fiskal berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kemiskinan. Sementara variabel angka harapan hidup, rata-rata lama sekolah dan Upah Minimum Kabupaten/Kota (UMK) berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kemiskinan di Provinsi Jawa Timur., Poverty has become a global issue and is expressed as the targets in the millennium development. East Java Province is the province with the highest number of poor people in Indonesia, reaching 4.6 million people in 2020. The average degree of fiscal decentralization of East Java Province in 2015-2020 is 60.54 percent, which means that the level of regional independence is categorized as very high, but the problem of poverty is still not resolved. This study aims to analyze the effect of fiscal decentralization on poverty levels in East Java Province. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis and panel data regression analysis. The data used is data from 38 districts/cities in East Java Province during the 2015-2020. In this study, fiscal decentralization is proxied through the variable degree of fiscal decentralization. The results show that the degree of fiscal decentralization has a positive significant effect on poverty. Meanwhile, the variables of life expectancy, average length of schooling and Regency/City Minimum Wage (UMK) have a significant and negative effect on poverty in East Java Province.
Keyword: Degree of fiscal decentralization, poverty, panel data, Jawa Timur

Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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