Judul: Hubungan antara Sanitasi Tempat Pemotongan Hewan Qurban dengan Cemaran Mikroba pada Daging Kambing Di Kotamadya Jakarta Timur.
Abstrak: At Idul Adha, moslem people slaughtering their animals not only in the slaughterhouse but also around mosque, office yard, fields nearby the houses. Meat is categorized as a pottentially hazardous food, because its high water activity (aw > 0.85), pH neutral, vitamin B and mineral aspecially Ferrous, also as main source of protein which is advantageous for microbes growth and categorized meat as a perishable food. Measuring total amount of aerobic microbes (TPC), Coliform, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella were observed to evaluate the sanitation of animal qurban in East Jakarta. Result obtained that Salmonella was not detected in all meat samples. Good sanitation was observed before slaughtering (81.3%), during slaughtering (21.3%) and after slaughtering (37.5%). Percentage of microbes contamination above Standard SNI 01-6366-2000 of microbes are TPC 73.8% (5.5 x 106 cfu/g), coliform 73.8% (1.1 x 103 MPN/g), E. coli 41.3% (4.1 x 102 MPN/g) and S. aureus 37.5% (2.7 x 103 cfu/g). Relation between doing sanitation before, during and after slaughtering didn’t show a significant relation with coliform and Staphylococcus aureus (P>0.05). There is a significant relation after slaughtering between Eschechia coli and sanitation (P < 0.05) and doing separation meat with viscera, and packing meat together with viscera.
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Judul: Cemaran mikroba pada daging sapi yang diambil dari tempat penyembelihan hewan qurban di jakarta timur
Abstrak: Daging sapi dikategorikan sebagai bahan pangan berpotensi berbahaya (potentially hazardous food), karena memiliki kandungan protein yang tinggi, aktivitas air (a) di atas 0.85, dan mempunyai nilai pH di atas 6 yang menguntungkan bagi pertumbuhan mikroba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menduga tingkat cemaran mikroba pada daging sapi yang berasal dari tempat penyembelihan hewan qurban di Jakarta Timur serta mengetahui hubungannya dengan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penerapan praktek sanitasi higiene di tempat penyembelihan hewan qurban di Jakarta Timur. Cemaran mikroba yang diteliti adalah jumlah total bakteri (TPC), koliform, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus dan Salmonella. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah cemaran bakteri aerob, koliform, Escherichia coli, dan Staphylococcus aureus bertutut-turut adalah 1.3 X 103 koloni/g sampai 3.4 X 10° koloni/g, 3 koloni/g sampai 1.1 X 103 koloni/g, 3 cfu/g sampai 1.1 X 103 koloni/g, and 102 koloni/g sampai 4.6 X 103 koloni/g. Tidak ditemukan adanya cemaran Salmonella pada seluruh sampel yang diteliti. Dibandingkan dengan SNI 01-6366-2000, persentase cemaran bakteri aerob, koliform, E. coli dan S. aureus di atas SNI berturut-turut adalah 78.8% (69.7%- 87.7%), 80.0% (71.2% -88.8%), 25.0% (15.5% -34.5%) dan 51.2% (40.2%- 62.2%). Berdasarkan perhitungan statistik, tidak ada hubungan antara faktor penerapan sanitasi higiene dengan tingkat cemaran mikroba, kecuali faktor pada saat penyembelihan dengan jumlah koliform dan faktor setelah penyembelihan dengan jumlah S.aureus yang menunjukan adanya hubungan berbeda nyata (P<0.05).
Keyword: Edamame, Grading, Citra digital, Jaringan syaraf tiruan

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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