Judul: Pengaruh konsentrasi bubuk daun sirih kuning terhadap pertumbuhan beberapa jenis bakteri dan aplikasinya pada daging sapi segar
Abstrak: Daun sirih merupakan tanaman yang sudah lama dikenal dan dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat Indonesia terutama penggunaannya dalam bidang kesehatan. Kandungan senyawa fenol dalam sirih membuat tanaman ini mempunyai kemampuan untuk menghambat pertumbuhan dan membunuh mikroba tertentu yang sering menyebabkan penyakit. Tiga jenis daun sirih yaitu sirih hijau, sirih kuning dan sirih merah dipelajari aktivitas antimikrobanya terhadap dua bakteri yaitu Pseudomonas fluorescens dan Escherichia coli. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sirih hijau memberikan zone penghambatan paling tinggi dibandingkan dua jenis sirih lainnya. Dalam penelitian selanjutnya dipilih sirih kuning dengan pertimbangan bahwa jenis sirih ini mempunyai aktivitas antimikroba yang cukup tinggi terhadap dua mikroba uji dan lebih mudah diperoleh. Kemampuan bubuk sirih kuning dalam menghambat pertumbuhan dan membunuh Pseudomonas fluorescens, Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus diteliti lebih lanjut. Bubuk sirih kuning ditaburkan pada potongan daging sapi, dikemas dalam plastik dan disimpan pada dua suhu yaitu suhu dingin (5°C) dan suhu ruang serta diamati kemampuan sirih untuk menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus, Pseudomonas sp dan total mikroba. Pengamatan dilakukan setiap empat jam selama 24 jam terhadap daging yang disimpan pada suhu ruang dan setiap tiga hari selama 9 hari untuk penyimpanan pada suhu dingin. ...
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Judul: Kajian aktivitas antibakteri dan antioksidan ekstrak daun sirih  (Piper betle, L.) pada daging sapi giling
Abstrak: Pemanfaatan daun sirih (Piper betle, L.) dalam dunia pengobatan sudah lama dikenal, hal ini berkaitan dengan adanya kandungan senyawa fenolik alami yang mempunyai aktivitas sebagai antibakteri. Beberapa penelitian terdahulu telah membuktikan bahwa selain bersifat antibakteri, senyawa fenolik yang terdapat dalam daun sirih mempunyai aktivitas sebagai antioksidan.
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Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite