Judul: Pengaruh Kepadatan Larva Aedes aegypti dan Kekeringan Terhadap Survival dan Patogenisitas Cendawan Aspergillus niger.
Abstrak: The aim of the experiment was to study the effect of Aedes aegypti larval density and dryness on survival and pathogenicity of Aspergillus niger. The effect of larval density on survival and pathogenicity of A. niger was studied using instar III of A. aegypti larvae, whereas the effect of dryness was studied on A. aegypti egg. The survival and pathogenicity test of A. niger on A. aegypti larvae were carried out in unsterilized tap water. The fungi used was A. niger carrying gfp gene as a marker. The treatment of larval density used were 10, 50, 100, 150, and 200 larvae. The number and age of eggs used were 200 and a week-old, respectively. Parameters measured were number of A. niger colony, larval mortality, and eggs hatching. The result showed that fungal survival that indicated by number of colony reduced from 1x108 spores in first day to 225 spores in the second day and the reduction continued until 6 days after incubation to 30 spores. At 7 days incubation, the colony increased to 40 spores. A. niger had high pathogenicity on larvae and eggs of A. aegypti. The mortality of larvae at all treatments started at 3 days after inoculation. The mortality at 3 days after inoculation were 6.7, 9.3, 13.0, 18.0, and 21.5% at 10, 50, 100, 150, and 200 larval, respectively. The mortality increased at 14 days after inoculation. The values were 33.3, 38.7, 52.0, 54.4, and 58.5% at 10, 50, 100, 150, and 200 larval density treatment, respectively. The A. niger had high pathogenicity on A. aegypti eggs. All of eggs tested did not hatch after inoculated by A. niger and incubated for 14 days.
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Judul: Pengaruh Suhu, Kaporit, dan pH Terhadap Pertumbuhan Cendawan Entomopatogen Transgenik Aspergillus niger-GFP dan Patogenisitasnya pada Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti
Abstrak: Cendawan entom opatogen transgenikAspergillus niger-G FP koleksi PPSHB dan laboratorium M ikologi IPB telah terbukti efektif sebagai pengendali hayati larva nyam uk Aedes aegypti pada skala laboratorium . Beberapa faktor abiotik (lingkungan) dapat mempengaruhi pertum buhan dan kelangsungan hidup cendawan di alam . Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mem pelajari pengaruh faktor abiotik suhu, kaporit, dan pH terhadap pertum buhan (populasi) dan patogenisitas A. niger- GFP pada larva A. aegypti di lingkungan akuatik. Penelitian dilakukan dalam dua tahap yaitu pengujian survival cendawan pada m edia air tanpa larva selam a 7 hari, dan survival dan patogenisitas cendaw an pada m edia air yang m engandung larva instar III selam a 14 hari. Kolonisasi cendawan pada larva diam ati dengan m ikroskop dan postulat Koch. Hasil penelitian m enunjukkan bahwa suhu, pH dan kaporit mempengaruhi pertum buhan dan patogenisitasA. niger- GFP. Pertum buhan (survival)A. niger-GFP paling baik pada kultur akuatik dengan perlakuan abiotik suhu ruang (28oC) yaitu sebesar 712 koloni, pH 7 sebesar 3017 koloni dan konsentrasi kaporit 0.48 ppm sebesar 2181 koloni. Patogenisitas A. niger-GFP terhadap larva nyam uk pada perlakuan beberapa faktor abiotik mam pu membunuh larva hingga 100 % dalam waktu 2 minggu.
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Judul: Penggunaan Teorema Homeomorphy 2-Manifold dan Teorema Euler Poincare pada Torus 𝑇�� dan Simplicial Complex 𝐾��
Abstrak: Two dimensional topological spaces are said to be homeomorphic if they have the same topological invariant, where one of topological invariant used is an Euler characteristic. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem and Euler Poincare’s Theorem are used to distinguish two topological spaces. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem uses Euler characteristic to identify two dimensional topological spaces. Euler Poincare’s Theorem is an alternative way to find Euler characteristic with Betti number, which is topological invariant as well. The objective of this paper is to investigate the homeomorphism of torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾�����. Topological space torus and simplicial complex 𝐾����� have the same Euler characteristic, which is two. Based on Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem topological space torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾����� is homeomorphic.
Keyword: simplicial, torus, Euler, homeomorphism, topology