Judul: Analysis of competitiveness and factors Affecting Indonesian Nutmeg Export in Non-Traditional Market
Abstrak: Indonesia merupakan negara eksportir pala terbesar didunia. Pala Indonesia cenderung mengalami peningkatan volume ekspor tiap tahunnya, namun perkembangan ekspor pala masih mengalami fluktuasi selama periode 2012-2021. Adapun cara untuk mengoptimalkan ekspor pala Indonesia, yaitu diperlukannya diversifikasi negara tujuan yang dimana pada negara pasar non tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis daya saing dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi ekspor pala Indonesia di negara pasar non tradisional. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu RCA, EPD, X-Model dan regresi data panel. Hasil analisis RCA menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata nilai RCA pala Indonesia memiliki daya saing yang kuat di 10 negara non tradisional. Hasil EPD menunjukkan pala Indonesia pada posisi rising star, falling star, lost opportunity, dan retreat. Hasil X-Model menunjukkan pengembangan pasar optimis, potensial, dan kurang potensial. Hasil perhitungan regresi data panel menunjukkan GDP perkapita, harga ekspor, jarak ekonomi, nilai RCA dan dummy Covid-19 memiliki pengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap nilai ekspor. Sedangkan pada variabel nilai tukar riil tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai ekspor pala Indonesia., Indonesia is one of the biggest nutmeg exporters of the worlds. Indonesian Nutmeg tends to experience an increase in export volume each year, but developments in the export volume of nutmeg are still experiencing fluctuations during the 2012-2021 period. As for the way to optimize Indonesia's nutmeg exports, namely the need for diversification of destination countries that are in non- traditional markets. The research methods used are RCA, EPD, X-Model Analysis, and panel data regression. The results showed RCA analysis results showed that Indonesian nutmeg has strong competitiveness in 10 non-traditional countries. EPD results show Indonesian nutmeg in rising star, falling star, lost opportunity, and retreat positions. The X-Model results show optimistic, potential, and less potential market development. The results of panel data regression calculations show that GDP per capita, export prices, economic distance, RCA and dummy Covid-19 index values have a significant positive effect on export values. Meanwhile, the real exchange rate variable has no significant effect on the export value of Indonesian nutmeg.
Keyword: Competitiveness, Nutmeg, Non-traditional market, Panel data regression

Judul: Analysis of Indonesia's Nutmeg Export Performance and Competitiveness.
Abstrak: Pala merupakan komoditas unggulan ekspor Indonesia. Indonesia menjadi eksportir terbesar di dunia pada komoditas pala dengan HS 090811. Meskipun demikian tetap diperlukan inovasi serta pengembangan sehingga dapat meningkatkan nilai ekspor. Penelitian ini menganalisis Kinerja dan Daya Saing Ekspor Pala Indonesia ke negara tujuan utama dengan menggunakan data dari 9 negara, yaitu Vietnam, Amerika Serikat, Belanda, Jepang, Jerman, Italia, Singapura, India, dan Korea Selatan selama periode 2012-2018. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu RCA, EPD, X-Model, dan regresi data panel. Hasil RCA menunjukkan bahwa ekspor pala Indonesia pada semua negara tujuan memiliki daya saing yang kuat serta keunggulan komparatif. Analisis EPD menunjukkan Amerika Serikat dan India berada pada posisi Rising Star, Falling Star pada Vietnam, Jepang, Jerman, Italia, dan Singapura. Kemudian Retreat pada negara Belanda dan Korea Selatan. Hasil Model-X menunjukkan potensi pengembangan pasar ekspor pala Indonesia optimis, potensial, dan kurang potensial. Regresi data panel menunjukkan harga ekspor, nilai tukar riil, dan TBT berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai ekspor pala Indonesia., Nutmeg is Indonesia's leading export commodity. Indonesia is the world's largest exporter of nutmeg with HS 090811. Nevertheless, innovation and development are still needed so that it can increase export value. This study analyzes the performance and competitiveness of Indonesia's nutmeg exports to major destination countries using data from 9 countries, namely Vietnam, the United States, the Netherlands, Japan, Germany, Italy, Singapore, India and South Korea during the 2012-2018 period. The analytical methods used are RCA, EPD, X-Model, and panel data regression. The RCA results show that Indonesia's nutmeg exports to all destination countries have strong competitiveness and comparative advantages. EPD analysis shows the United States and India are in the Rising Star, Falling Star positions in Vietnam, Japan, Germany, Italy, and Singapore. Then Retreat to the Netherlands and South Korea. X-Model shows that the potential development of the Indonesian nutmeg export market is optimistic, potential, and less potential. Panel data regression shows that export prices, real exchange rates, and TBT have a significant effect on the export value of Indonesian nutmeg.
Keyword: EPD, main destination country, nutmeg, Panel data, RCA, X-Model

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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