Judul: Characteristics of Cattle Forage Supply in Buffer Hamlet of Mount Merapi National Park
Abstrak: Peternakan sapi yang dikelola masyarakat dukuh penyangga Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi (TNGM) menerapkan sistem pemeliharaan intensif secara tradisional dengan perkandangan sederhana, ketersediaan pakan bergantung pada alam, dan pola penyediaan hijauan pakan dengan sistem cut and carry. Tujuan penelitian ini mengukur karakteristik penyediaan hijauan pakan ternak sapi di dukuh penyangga TNGM. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang dikumpulkan melalui survei dan observasi dan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), kantor kepala desa, dan sitasi dari sumber literatur yang relevan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penyediaan hijauan pakan ternak sapi di dukuh penyangga Taman TNGM dilakukan dengan metode cut and carry. Karakteristik penyediaan hijauan pakan dipengaruhi oleh umur peternak, jenis kelamin peternak, pengalaman beternak, jumlah ternak, jenis moda yang digunakan, dan kapasitas mengarit. Terdapat 24 jenis tumbuhan pakan yang ditemukan di kandang yang didominasi Pennisetum purpureum, Anadenanthera peregrina, dan Galingsoga parviflora., Cattle farms managed by community of buffer hamlet in Mount Merapi National Park (TNGM) applies a traditional intensive rearing system with simple caging, feed availability depending on nature, and a pattern of forage supply using cut and carry system. The aim of this research is to measure the characteristics of the supply of forage for cattle in Mount Merapi National Park buffer hamlet. The data used is primary data which collected through survey and observation activities and secondary data were obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), village head's office, and relevant literature. The data obtained was analyzed descriptively. The research results showed that the supply of forage for cattle in buffer hamlets of TNGM Park was carried out using the cut and carry method. The characteristics of forage supply are influenced by the farmer's age, farmer's gender, farming experience, number of livestock, type of mode used, and grazing capacity. There were 24 types of forage plants found in the cages which were dominated by Pennisetum purpureum, Anadenanthera peregrina, and Galingsoga parviflora.
Keyword: sapi, Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi, dukuh penyangga, hijauan pakan

Judul: Analisis Pola Penyediaan, Ketersediaan, dan Jenis Vegetasi Hijauan Pakan pada Peternakan Sapi Perah di KUD Mandiri Cipanas, Kabupaten Cianjur, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: KUD Mandiri Cipanas is a corporation which organized dairy farmers from districts in Cianjur, which are Cipanas, Sukaresmi, and Pacet. The aim of this research was to evaluate and analize the pattern of forage management based on the level of ownership of forage, forage potential, diversity analysis, and three types of forage in the three districts. This study used descriptive analysis, forage botanical composition analysis, capacity analysis of location based on Nell and Rollinson methods, and vegetation analysis. Pattern of forage management dairy cattle in KUD Mandiri Cipanas is cut and carry. Based on population of dairy cattle, avaibility of foragenon large and medium farms are from grass land farm (GRF), and tropical grass for small farms. There is no correlation between cutting capacity and ownership of livestock. The most dominant in enclosure is Penisetum purpureum Schum, while the rumbah grass dominant on the land
Keyword: forage, diversity analysis, dairy cattle, composition botany, carrying capacity

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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