Judul: Development of Village Youth Economic Institutions in Digital Era (A Study on the Management of Inter-Village Enterprises in Panca Mandala in Jatiwaras District, Tasikmalaya Regency)
Abstrak: The problem that generally occurs in Indonesia today is that people living in rural areas have not experienced high-speed internet networks, the availability of computer technology and good, fast and cheap telephone services (Subiakto 2013). In 2009, the Head of Mandalamekar Village, Jatiwaras District, Tasikmalaya Regency had to travel 30 km to one of the nearest internet cafes to fill out and start using the village website http://mandalamekar.wordpress.com as a way to introduce the condition of the village and its potential. This village website was created to convey village development activities and their potential even though signal conditions and internet access are not yet available. In 2011, the neighboring villages of Mandalamekar such as Papayan, Mandalahurip, and Kertarahayu took part in the Mandalamekar initiative to create a village website as a way to get attention and support from the government of Tasikmalaya Regency, West Java Province, and the Central Government. The rural digital divide lies in the lack of young village human resources, limited content, and limited internet access network infrastructure. The Panca Mandala Inter-Village Cooperation Area in Jatiwaras District, Tasikmalaya Regency, West Java Province is a rural area that has bottom-up initiatives. Aims to realize community welfare by forming a Joint Village Owned Enterprise as a forum for developing village community economic institutions. This study aims to describe the institutional form of BUM Desa Bersama in the Panca Mandala Rural area in responding to the community's mandate to optimize the region's main commodities and formulate a strategy for developing village youth community economic institutions in the digital era. This study uses qualitative methods supported by quantitative data. The research location is in BUM Desa Bersama Panca Mandala. This research was conducted from 2019 to July 2021. The subjects of this research consisted of respondents and informants. Data collection for program evaluation determined 30 respondents to manage BUM Desa Bersama, and the parties that formed Inter-Village Cooperation. The informants used in this study consisted of community leaders, village government, youth, farmers, traders, and breeders. The analysis results shows the level of progress in the management of BUM Desa Bersama are on an advanced scale (3.921). The biggest contribution to the assessment of the progress level of BUM Desa Bersama Panca Mandala is the evaluation factor for the achievement of the vision and mission (4.111), and the suitability of strategy and goals (4.375). Meanwhile, the assessment notes for the determinants of the evaluation of the management level (3.693) and the level of financial management (3.606), there are respondents who still place the BUM Desa Bersama Panca Mandala institution as advanced. There are several respondents who categorize the position of management and finance in a less developed condition and some even categorize it as not advanced. The analysis of the parties and respondents of the Panca Mandala Area at the Technology of Participation workshop showed the existence of BUM Desa Bersama in the category to carry out internal consolidation, especially on issues of business unit operational management and finance. Likewise, in the scope of inter-village cooperation, the parties encourage BKAD management and BUM Desa
Keyword: BUM Desa Bersama, desa digital, kerjasama, pemuda, strategi aksi, BUM Desa Bersama, desa digital, kerjasama, pemuda, strategi aksi

Judul: Transformational Leadership Communication in Village Website in Utilization
Abstrak: Komunitas pedesaan paling membutuhkan konektivitas digital untuk mengimbangi keterpencilan mereka dalam mengakses informasi. Beragam upaya telah dilakukan pemerintah untuk mengatasi ketimpangan akses informasi, salah satunya melalui Undang-Undang Desa Pasal 86 mengenai Sistem Informasi Pembangunan Desa dan Pembangunan Kawasan Perdesaan. Dalam UU tersebut jelas disebutkan bahwa desa berhak mendapatkan akses informasi melalui sistem informasi yang dikembangkan oleh Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten atau Kota. Tetapi pada kenyataannya, belum semua pemerintah daerah kabupaten atau kota memfasilitasi itu, sehingga peran kepala desa sebagai pemimpin tertinggi di pemerintahan desa dapat menjadi kunci strategis untuk membuka akses informasi dengan memanfaatkan TIK melalui website desa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menganalisis proses pembentukan website desa; (2) menganalisis komunikasi kepemimpinan transformasional kepala desa dalam pemanfaatan website desa; dan (3) menganalisis efek pemanfaatan website desa terhadap pembangunan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Warungbanten, Kecamatan Cibeber, Kabupaten Lebak, Provinsi Banten, dari bulan Februari-Mei 2021. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan paradigma konstruktivis. Desain penelitian ini yaitu studi kasus. Teori yang digunakan adalah Teori Actor-Network Theory dan kepemimpinan transformasional. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Informan dipilih menggunakan snowball sampling yang terdiri dari Kepala Desa, Kaur Keuangan, Pengelola Website, Relawan TIK, Jurnalis Banten, Pendamping Lokal Desa, Pengrajin, Wakil Kasepuhan, Pemuda Desa, Petani, Mantri Tani dan Pengurus Komunitas Open Sistem Informasi Desa (Open SID). Proses wawancara dilakukan secara tatap muka langsung, zoom meeting dan telepon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepala desa melalui komunikasi kepemimpinan transformasional dalam pemanfaatan website desa dapat mengurangi digital inequality di Desa Warungbanten. Dari keempat komponen kepemimpinan transformasional, pengaruh yang diidealkan merupakan komponen yang paling kuat terkait efektivitas seorang kepala desa. Efek dari komunikasi kepala desa terhadap individu adalah motivasi, kepercayaan, dan dukungan dalam pemanfaatan website desa. Pemanfaatan website desa berefek pada meluasnya informasi tentang desa kepada khalayak luas, manajemen data desa lebih efektif dan efisien, meningkatnya transparansi keuangan, meningkatnya produktivitas ekonomi lokal dan mendapatkan berbagai penghargaan., Rural communities need digital connectivity the most to compensate for their remoteness in accessing information. Various efforts have been made by the government to overcome inequality in access to information, one of which is through Article 86 of the Village Law concerning Village Development Information Systems and Rural Area Development. The law clearly states that the village has the right to get access to information through the information system developed by the Regency or City Government. But in reality, not all district or city governments have facilitated it, so the role of the village head as the highest leader in village government can be a strategic key to open access to information by utilizing ICT through village websites. This study aims to: (1) analyze the process of forming a village website; (2) analyze the transformational leadership communication of the village head in the utilization of the village website; and (3) analyze the effect of using village websites on the development. This research was conducted in Warungbanten Village, Cibeber District, Lebak Regency, Banten Province, from February-May 2021. The research method used was a qualitative method with a constructivist paradigm. The design of this research is a case study. This study
Keyword: Actor-Network Theory (ANT), komunikasi kepemimpinan, transformasional, website desa, TIK

Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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