Judul: Kajian tanah menurut pedologi dan etnopedologi pada usahatani pola dusung di Desa Allang, Kecamatan Leihitu-Pulau Ambon
Abstrak: Praktek pembukaan lahan di pulau Ambon akhir-akhir ini kurang memperhatikan kemampuan dan kesesuaian tanah dan lingkungan sehingga menimbulkan berbagai kerusakan. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah pola dusung mulai ditinggalkan. Dampak yang sangat menonjol adalah berkurangnya debit air secara drastis pada beberapa sungai utama, dibandingkan dengan kondisi 10-20 tahun lalu dan pendangkalan daerah pesisir seperti daerah Teluk Dalam. Di sisi lain, Desa Allang merupakan salah satu satu desa di pulau Ambon yang masih tetap mempertahankan sistem usahatani pola dusung sehingga degradasi lahan tidak terjadi pada wilayah ini. Sistem ini didasarkan pada pengetahuan dan kearifan lokal yang telah berpengaruh positif terhadap tanah, produksi dan lingkungan dari generasi ke generasi, dan dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu solusi terhadap berbagai degradasi lahan saat ini. Karena itu penelitian yang partisipatif ini dilakukan guna menggali pengetahuan dan kearifan lokal tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan: 1) mengidentifikasikan karakteristik tanah dan pengelompokannya secara pedologi dan etnopedologi pada usahatani pola dusung, 2) menentukan kesamaan dan perbedaan antara sistem pengelompokan tanah berdasarkan etnopedologi dan pedologi, 3) mengkaji hubungan antara karakteristik tanah dan tingkat kesuburannya di dalam sistem usahatani pola dusung.
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Judul: Bentuk Penggunaan dan Produktifitas Lahan Sistem Dusung (Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Leihitu, Kabupaten Maluku Tengah)
Abstrak: The practice of agroforestry system in Maluku had been occurring for many generations since long time ago, and the people usually called this system as dusung. Agroforestry dusung was a heritage from the ancestors to their descendants, and comprise wood tree, fruits, sago, palm and medicinal plants. This research was conducted to identify the type of land use in dusung system, rearn the land productivity in dusung system, study and to analyze the forms of dusung system for land conservation at Wakal village and Hatu village, Leihitu district, central Maluku, Ambon Island. There were three types of land uses on dusung system, namely farm system, mixed planting system and monoculture planting system. Of these three land uses, the highest production was in mixed planting system on Wakal and Hatu villages which were (Rp 9.716.000,- /ha/year and Rp 11.468.000,- /ha/year). Production in monoculture system in the two villages were respectively (Rp 5.050.000,- /ha/year and Rp 6.785.000,- /ha/year), whereas those of farm system were (Rp 3.466.924,- /ha/year and Rp 2.394.804,- /ha/year). Erosion on land use in dusung system varied according to the type of land uses and land slope. Erosion index ranged within 0 - 1, while degree of erosion was categorized as ranging from low to medium. Erosion in Wakal Village, for farm system was 53.83 ton/ha/year which was greater than ETot 48 ton/ha/year. In monoculture planting system erosion reach of 72.30 ton/ha/year, which was greather than ETot 45 ton/ha/year. On the other hand, farm system in Hatu Village had caused erosion of 49.5 ton/ha/year greater than ETot 30/ha/year. Mixed planting system in Wakal and Hatu had erosion of respectively 30.68 to /ha/year and 12.14 ton/ha/year, which were below ETot 45 ton/ha/year and 43.2 ton/ha/year.
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Judul: Pemurnian dan karakterisasi protein inhibitor RNA helikase virus hepatitis C
Abstrak: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the second most common chronic viral infection in the world with global prevalence. This infection is contribution to chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, often leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. There is no effective drug and vaccine available against HCV. The current standard treatment, a combination of pegylated interferon-α with ribavirin, is limited by its suboptimal response rate in a significant patient population, side effects, and affordability. Therefore, development of effective drug is needed. One approach to find out the candidate of antiviral drug is to discover the inhibitor of enzyme that essential for virus replication, such as RNA helicase. Streptomyces chartreusis 5-095 produce the inhibitor of HCV RNA helicase. The aim of this study was to purify the protein inhibitor which has inhibition activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV from S. chartreusis 5-095. The supernatant of culture S. chartreusis 5-095 exhibited high inhibiton activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV (approximately 72%) at 10 days of incubation. The extracellular protein inhibitor was partially purified by procedures of precipitation with ammonium sulfate to 65% saturation and gel filtration (Sephadex G50) using methanol water solution (4:6) as an eluen. The purity of protein inhibitor was monitored by SDS PAGE. The protein inhibitor showed a relative molecular mass were estimated to be 14 kDa and increased the purity 23,08 fold than those of the crude protein. The specific activity and IC50 after purification were 13,1338 U/mg and 0,0767 mg/mL, respectively. The activity of purified protein inhibitor showed its stability over pH range from 5-8 and optimum at pH 7,4. The inhibition activity showed its stability up to 70% at temperature 100 oC. The purified protein inhibitor relatively stable its activity at storage in the range of -20 oC to room temperature for 35 days.
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