Judul: Direction and Strategy for Wetland Ricefield Extensification in Coastal Development Region of West Kalimantan Province
Abstrak: The Coastal Development Region (DR) is the rice production center and supplier even for the other three DRs of West Kalimantan Province. However, by assuming cropping index of 130%, risk of harvest failure of 5% per year, and conversion of wetland ricefield of 9.8% per year, then the milled rice production of the Coastal DR in 2016 was predicted to achieve 460,178 ton that resulted in a deficit up to 9,922 ton out of the consumption requirement of its population that amounted to 470,100 ton. If it is not complemented with wetland ricefield extensification, then its role as the rice supplier for the three other DRs will also be finished in 2016 and it the food security condition in West Kalimantan Province will be affected. Therefore, a comprehensive planning, direction, and strategy for wetland ricefields extensification is needed in the Coastal DR of West Kalimantan Province. The location of this research consisted of seven regency/city included in the Coastal DR of West Kalimantan Province, namely Regency of Sambas, Bengkayang, Pontianak, Ketapang, Kayong Utara, Kubu Raya, and city of Singkawang. The objectives of this research were to: (1) identify potential lands for wetland ricefield extensification, (2) identify regional wetland rice production center based on comparative and competitive advantages, (3) identify cluster and typology of regional development level for wetland ricefield extensification, and (4) formulate regional cluster-based direction and strategy for wetland ricefields extensification in Coastal DR of West Kalimantan Province. Analysis was started with preparation of landuse map 2013 based on interpretation of Landsat 8 imagery using on screen digitation method. Potential area for wetland ricefield extensification was identified by overlaying landuse map 2013, land suitability map for wetland from RePPProt, and provincial RTRW map. The basis and/or leading region of wetland rice production was determined based on the results of Location Quotient (LQ) and Shift Share Analysis (SSA). Cluster and typology of the region was derived from the results of Cluster Analysis and Discriminant Analysis based on rice farming activity characteristics. Direction of priority region for wetland ricefield extensification was based on synthesis of results of the preceding analyses by referring to the Minister of Agriculture Regulation Number 50/2012 concerning Guidelines for development of agricultural region, and SWOT analysis was used to determine strategy priority. Landuse types in the Coastal DR consisted of mixed plantations covering area of 1,143,710 ha (20% of the total provincial area of 5,664,580 ha), swampy shrubs of 582,700 ha (10%), bushes and shrubs of 308,590 ha (5%), drylands of 243,660 ha (4%), wetland ricefields of 189,420 ha (3%), and waterlogged swamps of 184,940 ha (3%). The largest swampy shrubs, and bushes and shrubs were found in Ketapang Regency. Waterlogged swamps were only found in Ketapang Regency. Drylands and wetland ricefields were dominantly found in Sambas and Kubu Raya Regency. Based on the results of recapitulation of the existing and potential areas, it was identified available lands that could be used for wetland ricefield extensification amounted to 411,960 ha; mostly (>50%) were in Sambas and Ketapang Regency. The conditionally potential lands were identified to be 230,560 ha and
Keyword: Coastal Development Region., extensification direction and strategy, wetland ricefield, West Kalimantan

Judul: Delineation of Potential and Actual Rice Planting Scheduling in Lampung and West Kalimantan
Abstrak: Rice is the staple food for 95% Indonesian. As the population growth, the demand for rice is expected to increase at a rate of 2.5% per year (BPS, 2006). To meet this increasing demand, Government of Indonesian has planned and conducted intensification and extensification programs. However, inter annual variability of rice production is relatively high due the occurrence of extreme climate events. One approach to minimize the impact of extreme climate events is to determine appropriate cropping pattern and planting time as well as total area planting under different extreme climate condition. This study assessed appropriate cropping pattern, planting time, and optimal planting area for rainfed rice under dry, normal and wet years. The study was conducted in two main rice growing area of Indonesia, i.e. Lampung and West Kalimantan. The two districts contribute to about 3.9% and 2% of national rice production, respectively. Cropping system in lampung and west kalimantan depend on water availability, mainly is rice - rice – fallow. Based on 25 years of rainfall record, these two districts are sensitive to ENSO. The extreme climate events such as drought and flood are commonly associated with ENSO. This study classified the climate condition under three conditions, dry, normal, and wet years. Based on 30 years average rainfall data, wet year is a year when the rainfall is higher than 115% of the average. Normal year is a year when the rainfall is between 85% and 115% of the average, and dry year is a year when the rainfall is below 85% of the average. The classification is shown as isohyet, potential first planting , and cropping index maps. The isohyet map is used to determine the potential paddy plantation period during one year, the potential first planting map is used to determine the first time of paddy planting, and cropping index map is used to determine the crop rotation potential during one year. The first planting of paddy is based on water availability, when the rainfall during three decad is more than 150 mm. The three maps are then overlaid with land use map. The result is a database of potential planting scheduling of wet year, normal year, and dry year. This database is compared by the actual condition based on field research. Based on the potential and actual planting scheduling analysis in Lampung, it is concluded that the planting area in normal and wet years have not met its optimum area. Meanwhile, in dry years it has exceeded its optimum area. The actual annual cropped land is 64023 Ha, in wet years it increases to 130440 Ha, in normal years it 122133 Ha, and dry years is 56377 Ha. Lampung and West Kalimantan’s rainfall are sensitive to climate anomaly. It is concluded from the changing in first planting period and cropped land area potency during wet, normal, or dry years. The planting scheduling can increase agricultural production yield by giving information for first planting period, cropped land width potency, and crop rotation.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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