Judul: Analisis ekonomi dan sosial usaha budidaya karang di kelurahan Panggang, kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta
Abstrak: Kelurahan Panggang merupakan perairan yang memiliki tingkat resiko tinggi terancamnya ekositem terumbu karang. Ancaman terhadap ekosistem terumbu karang di Kelurahan Panggang salah satunya disebabkan oleh pengambilan karang hidup untuk pondasi rumah dan untuk penjualan karang hias serta metode penangkapan ikan dengan menggunakan cyanida.
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Judul: Analisis ekonomi rehabilitasi ekosistem terumbu karang dengan metode terumbu buatan (Artificial reefs) di Perairan Kabupaten Administratif Kepulauan Seribu,Provinsi DKI Jakarta
Abstrak: Terumbu karang adalah bangunan ribuan hewan yang menjadi tempat hidup berbagai ikan dan makhluk laut lainnya. Terumbu karang yang sehat dengan luas 1 km2 dapat menghasilkan 20 ton ikan. Terumbu karang Indonesia merupakan salah satu penyumbang terbesar perikanan laut di dunia yang menyediakan sekitar 3,6 juta ton dari produksi perikanan laut secara keseluruhan. Persediaan karang dan ikan karang Indonesia yang melimpah terancam oleh praktek penangkapan ikan yang merusak seperti penangkapan ikan dengan menggunakan racun sianida dan bahan peledak. Terumbu karang memiliki fungsi ekosistem yang penting, yang menyediakan barang dan jasa bagi ratusan juta penduduk khususnya di negara-negara berkembang. Terumbu karang yang kondisinya menurun akan kehilangan nilai karena menjadi tidak produktif. Di Kepulauan Seribu (perairan bagian Utara Jakarta), sekitar 90-95% terumbu karang hingga kedalaman 25 m mengalami kematian. Ada beragam upaya mengatasi penurunan atau kelangkaan stok sumberdaya ikan. Beberapa diantaranya dengan menggunakan rumpon dan terumbu buatan. Upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengembalikan fungsi ekologi terumbu karang Kepulauan Seribu adalah dengan rehabilitasi melalui penenggelaman terumbu buatan (artificial reefs)
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Judul: Enhancement of photon absorbtion on BaxSr1-xTiO3 thin films semiconductor using photonic crystals.
Abstrak: In this research, has been conducted BaxSr1-xTiO3 (BST) thin films manufacturing for mole fraction x = 0.25, 0.35, 0.45, and 0.55; and concentration of 1 molar using chemical solution depositon (CSD) method. The materials, which are used in this research, are barium acetate [Ba(CH3COO)2, 99%], strontium acetate [Sr(CH3COO)2, 99%], titanium isopropoxide [Ti(C12O4H28), 97.999%], gallium trioxide [Ga2O3], 2-methoxyethanol [H3COOCH2CH2OH, 99%] and 1 x 1 cm of transparent conductive oxide (TCO) glass as substrate. Two BST thin films are made that for BST thin films which are doped by 10% galium (BGST) as p-type layer and pure BST solution as n-type. BST solution is made by reacting barium acetate [Ba(CH3COO)2, 99%], strontium acetate [Sr(CH3COO)2, 99%] and titanium isopropoxide [Ti(C12O4H28)] into 2-methoxyethanol solvent [H3COOCH2CH2OH, 99%] in accordance with mass gram for each x value. While, BGST solution is made in the same way as BST solution, plus adding gallium at 10% of the mass of BST. Once all materials are reacted, then vibrated using ultrasonic for 90 minutes, and followed by coating BGST / BST on the TCO substrate. Once the layer is formed, then annealed for 15 hours at temperature of 500 °C with increasing rate of 1.67 oC/minute. Characterizations of BST thin films with or without photonic crystals include the absorbance and transmittance in the visible light spectrum, as well as the electrical photoconductivity characterizations. From BST thin films without photonic crystals indicate that our thin films have light absorption area on almost the entire range of the visible light spectrum even to the infrared range with absorption value over than 67.6%, in addition, it can be seen that the maximum absorbance of BST thin films for all mole fractions lie in blue to green light spectrum region, 457 nm ≤ λ ≤ 570 nm and the minimum in yellow to red light spectrum region, 570 nm ≤ λ ≤ 678 nm. The largest absorbance is found at x = 0.25 with average absorbance value of 92.04% and maximum and minimum absorbance peaks at wavelength of 500.89 and 657.72 nm, respectively. At x = 0.35, average absorbance value decreased to 83.55% with maximum and minimum peaks at 505.73 and 613.68 nm, respectively. Then increased to 91.16% at x = 0.45 with maximum and minimum peaks at 506.04 and 618.56 nm, respectively. At x = 0.55, average absorbance value decreased to 80.12% with maximum and minimum peaks at 507.85 and 608.79 nm, respectively. Moreover, it can be seen that the addition of barium mole fraction leads to wider maximum absorbance or minimum transmittance peaks and narrower minimum absorbance or maximum transmittance peaks in the same range of the green and blue & red light spectrums, respectively. BST thin films with photonic crystals show increasing in absorption for all x values in the range of 3.04 into 13.33%. At x = 0.25, average absorbance percentage increased 3.96% from 92.4 into 95.68%, for x = 0.35 average percentage increased 7.07% into 89.45 from 83.55%. Furthermore, average absorbance of BST thin films at x = 0.45 increased 3.04% from 91.16 into 93.93% and x = 0.55 has
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