Judul: Potential Development of Mangrove Ecotourism  Batukaras, Pangandaran Regency West Java Province of Indonesia
Abstrak: Penutupan ekowisata mangrove Batukaras pada tahun 2019 silam, banyak memberikan dampak buruk bagi perekonomian setempat. Oleh karena itu, pembukaan kembali ekowisata merupakan salah satu langkah alternatif yang dapat dilakukan. Bukan hanya baik untuk membangun perekonomian setempat, juga baik untuk menjaga kelestarian sumberdaya mangrove. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis potensi sumberdaya dan daya dukung untuk pengembangan ekowisata Mangrove Batukaras. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dan wawancara. Penentuan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu indeks kesesuaian wisata (IKW) dan daya dukung kawasan (DDK). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kawasan ekosistem mangrove di Batukaras memiliki potensi besar untuk dapat dibuka kembali menjadi ekowisata. Sebanyak 61% dari total luas kawasan mangrove, masuk dalam kategori sesuai. Nilai daya dukung kawasan yang diperoleh juga masuk dalam kategori sesuai, yaitu dengan jumlah kuota pengunjung maksimum 224 orang/hari., The closure of the Batukaras mangrove ecotourism in 2019, had many negative impacts on the local economy. Therefore, the reopening of ecotourism is one of the alternative steps that can be taken. Not only good for building the local economy, it is also good for preserving mangrove resources. The purpose of this study was to analyze the potential of resources and carrying capacity for the development of Batukaras Mangrove ecotourism. This research uses survey and interview methods. Determination of the sample using purposive sampling. Analysis of the data used is the tourism suitability index (IKW) and the carrying capacity of the area (DDK). The results showed that the mangrove ecosystem area in Batukaras has great potential to be re-opened into ecotourism. As much as 61% of the total area of mangroves is included in the appropriate category. The value of the carrying capacity of the area obtained is also included in the appropriate category, namely with a maximum number of visitor quotas of 224 people/day.
Keyword: ekowisata, daya dukung, potensi, mangrove

Judul: Analysis of Potential and Strategy for Ecotourism Development of Nusawiru Mangrove, Cijulang, Pangandaran, West Java
Abstrak: Pandemi COVID-19 mengakibatkan penutupan kegiatan wisata di ekosistem mangrove Nusawiru sehingga berdampak negatif terhadap ekologi dan ekonomi. Rencana pengaktifan kembali kegiatan wisata melalui konsep ekowisata merupakan upaya peningkatan ekonomi pasca pandemi dengan mempertahankan kelestarian ekosistem mangrove. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis potensi ekowisata mangrove, daya dukung kawasan ekowisata, dan menyusun prioritas strategi pengembangan ekowisata mangrove Nusawiru, Cijulang. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah observasi lapangan dan wawancara. Data yang digunakan primer dan data sekunder. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu Indeks Kesesuaian Wisata (IKW), Daya Dukung Kawasan (DDK), dan Analytic Network Process (ANP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa zona dua ekosistem mangrove Nusawiru dapat dibuka sebagai ekowisata. Daya dukung kawasan yang dapat dikembangkan berjumlah 81 orang per hari. Strategi pengembangan yang dapat dilakukan adalah penanaman mangrove, perancangan tata ruang yang optimal, dan perbaikan sarana dan prasarana, The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in the closure of tourism activities in the Nusawiru mangrove ecosystem, which had a negative impact on ecology and the economy. The plan to reactivate tourism activities through the concept of ecotourism is an effort to increase the post-pandemic economy by maintaining the sustainability of the mangrove ecosystem. The research aims to analyze the potential of mangrove ecotourism, the carrying capacity of the ecotourism area, and to formulate priority development strategies for mangrove ecotourism in Nusawiru, Cijulang. The methods used in this research are field observations and interviews. The data used are primary and secondary data. Data analysis used is the Tourism Suitability Index (IKW), Carrying Capacity of Areas (DDK), and Analytic Network Process (ANP). The results showed that zone two of the Nusawiru mangrove ecosystem can be opened as ecotourism. The carrying capacity of the area that can be developed is 81 people per day. Development strategies that can be carried out are mangrove planting, optimal spatial design, and improvement of facilities and infrastructure.
Keyword: Carrying capacity, Ecotourism, Mangrove, Nusawiru

Judul: Algorithm construction of HLI hash function
Abstrak: Cryptography is a study of mathematical techniques related to aspects of information security regarding on confidentiality, data integrity, entity authentication, and data origin authentication. Data integrity is a service, which is associated with the conversion of data carried out by unauthorized parties. To maintain data integrity, one can use hash functions. An hash function is a computationally efficient function to map an arbitrary length bitstring to a fixed length bitstring called as hash value. The use of hash function in maintaining the information integrity and authentication is in digital signatures, virus protection, and software distribution. Illustration of the hash function in the integrity and authentication of information that is emailed as follow. The sender sends the information and hash value to the recipient. If the hash value of the information is equal to the hash value that is sent by the sender, then information has not been changed. Otherwise the information has been changed. An hash function has two properties, one way and collision resistance. An hash function is called one way if it is computationally infeasible to find any input such that when given any hash value . Meanwhile an hash function is called collision resistant if it is computationally infeasible to find any two inputs where such that . The purpose of this study is to construct a HLI hash function algorithm, to analyze the speed and security of the hash functions as a results of construction. Furthermore, it is to compare it with SWIFFT. Hash function is constructed based on the result of algebraic operations on modular polynomial ringwith . Modular polynomial ring noted as is a set of all polynomials of degree at most with coefficients in . can be represented as a set of integer vector of modulo in dimension . So, it is simple to implement in a computer. In vector operations, is lattice . Furthermore, alattice that is defined from certain polynomial ring is called ideal lattice. HLI hash function is consists of addition and multiplication algorithm in the ring. Addition algorithm consists of sumation operations of modulo and multiplication consists of multiplication operations of modulo . Generally, algorithm of HLI hash function consists of multiplication operations of modulo and addition operations of modulo . However, if the input is binary number then multiplication algorithm only consists of multiplication operation of modulo , so algorithm of HLI hash function consists of multiplication operations of modulo and addtion operations of modulo . An hash function is secured if it has two properties, i.e., one way and collision resistance. HLI hash function hash is one way, it is following the proof of Micciancio. It is has collision resistant because of polynomial is irreducible over and monic. Moreover, it is proved that for every unit vector , the vector is small vector. If the input of hash function is a binary number then HLI hash function only involves addition operations of modulo . So the time that used almost same with SWIFFT. The excellence of HLI hash function is the key size smaller than SWIFFT. This effect on
Keyword: hash function, modular polynomial ring, lattice