Judul: Karateristik Habitat dan Beberapa Aspek Reproduksi Kepiting Kelapa (Birgus latro) di Pulau Uta, Propinsi Maluku Utara
Abstrak: Coconut crab (B. latro) is one of crustacea species which has high economic value, but it is considered rare and classified into vulnerable category by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). In Indonesia, the status of this animal population has been not exactly identified, but it has tended to decline because of local people consumption and its habitat quality degradation. Regarding importance of the species resources, thus undestanding its biology and ecology aspects can be applied as the proper management stock and effort of preservation. The research was done in Uta Island on May, July and September with the purpose to analyze the habitat characteristic and gonadal maturation of Coconut Crab on that island. The sampling was taken by kuadran method. The parameter which was analized to understand the habitat. Characteristic and its reproduction aspects such as physical – chemical characteristic of soil, gonadal maturation and plant vegetation analysis. The habitat characteristic was analyzed by using cluster analysis. The result analysis showed that the relation of Length – Weight of male crab is W = 1,93 (CP + r)1,17, while the female is W = 1,97 (CP + r)0,97. Each of those sexual species has allometric growth characteristics. The observation showed that the male did not found in TKG I condition but the female can be found on May (30%) and September (25%) of catch. TKG II was mostly found on male which catched on May in South Station (65%), TKG III was mostly found on female which catched on September in West Station (25%) of catched individu. TKG IV (100%) both male and female where mostly found on July. The different of gonadal maturation levels in all catching times showed that gonadal maturation occured different time for broodstock. The smallest crab which is having gonad maturation was found in length of (CP + r) 66,44 mm. The biggest condition factors of male was found on July and decrease on September, while the highest condition factor of female was found on May that decrease on July, but increase again on September. Generally, sex ratio of male and female is 1 : 1 (avoid deviation). The distribution index showed homogen but tend to have random distribution. There is no different on catch both the amount on level of gonadal maturation. Eventhough, there are different habitat characteristic in every station doesn‟t affect to the catch, both the quantity and level of gonad maturity. The habitat condition in all station for coconut crab to support the sustainability of its activities.
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Judul: Pengelolaan Berkelanjutan Perikanan Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) di Lampung Timur.
Abstrak: Increasing demand for crab meat export and followed by good prices have been increased fisher preference for capturing the blue swimming crab, Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Indonesia. One of potential area for wild catch production of this species in Indonesia was at the East Lampung coastal waters, which is an open coast type with generally slight slope of marine topography. However, biological information of this species was rare. Catches productivity as well as caught crabs sizes tend also to be decreased and might be related to high exploitation rate; so this fishery is required to be managed properly. This study aimed to: (1) describe life history characteristics in reproductive biology; (2) distinguish spatial temporal variation of stock structure; (3) describe population dynamic parameters; (4) evaluate of crab exploitation pattern; (5) arrange management measure options for sustainable management of this crab fishery in East Lampung coastal waters. A comprehensive reproductive biology parameters were analysed based on representative samples, which were collected at landing site and conducted monthly from June 2011−Mei 2012. Spatio-temporal of stock structure was analysed based on sampling at three stratifications area from March 2012−February 2013. These stratification areas consist of S1 (water depth <5 m and <4 nautical mile from the shore line), S2 (water depth about 5−10 m and 4−10 nautical mile from the shore line), S3 was offshore direction, whiles fourth sub-areas (A1−A4) at each stratification. Those sub-areas were decided based on morphological characteristics of shore and coastal land coverage. Thus, the unit area of sampling was noted as S1A1−S3A4. Those above samples were also used for population dynamic parameter analysis. Crab exploitation pattern was investigated by interviewing the fishers and guided by questionnaire during December 2012−February 2013 and June−September 2013. Life history characteristics of this species in this area indicated by: (a) the size of males and females reach gonad maturity 50% (Lm50)were at 98 mm and 103 mm carapace width (CW); (b) female’s Lm75 and Lm95 were at the size 111.6 mm and 126.0 mm CW, while reproductive maturity (Lr50) was at 115 mm CW; (c) berried females (BEF) ovaries have dominated by gonad development stage of III; (d) gonad somatic indexes of nonberried female (NBF) were higher than BEF in each month, except in August, November, and February, indicating multiple spawning in the year; (e) females became double breeding or more in the year as well as high potential for spawning and the value of relative percentage of BEF/NBF above 30% at the size larger than 111 mm CW; (f) the potentially reproductive females at the size 111−170.99 mm and reproductively females at 111−155.99 mm CW. Reproductive pattern was partially spawner and spawning occurred thorough in the year, but it was seasonal-continuous with two peaks season. The first peak of spawning season tends during April−June and the second peak was during September− October/November. Both peaks of spawning seasons vary in BEF abundance and fecundity. Fecundity at the 1st stage of embryonic development with BEF’s size between 91.58−168.00 mm CW was between 229,4682,236,355 eggs (mean ± SE = 926,638 ± 30,975 eggs), linearly and positive
Keyword: East Lampung, Blue swimming crab, harvest strategy, population biology, sustainable management

Judul: Pembuatan Film Tipis Cu2ZnSnS4 sebagai Lapisan Penyerap Cahaya pada Sel Surya Menggunakan Metode Elektrodeposisi
Abstrak: Thin film of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is an alternative semiconductor used as light absorber layer on solar cell. CZTS can replace silicon that commonly used as commercial semiconductor. The advantage of using CZTS as absorber layer is due to the abundance of its chemical composer on earth, and its high value of absorption coefficient. The absorber layer was made by using electrodeposition method on ITO glass substrates. The films were deposited at room temperature using potentiostatic mode with a potential of –1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes. After that, the films were annealed at two different temperatures, 180 ºC and 500 °C, for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. Based on X-ray diffraction analysis, the polycrystalline thin film obtained fall into kesterite crystal phase. This type of crystal was obtained when the CZTS was annealed at 500 °C in H2S/N2 atmosphere. The value of optical band gap energy for the CZTS thin film was 2.2 eV with the film thickness about 1.228–6.366 μm. The sample of CZTS with electrodeposition time of 45 minutes and annealing temperature of 500 °C showed the best result and in conformity with absorber layers criteria for solar cells.
Keyword: semiconductor, ITO glass, CZTS thin film, electrodeposition