Judul: Perbandingan Sumber Hotspot sebagai Indikator Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan Gambut dan Korelasinya dengan Curah Hujan di Desa Sepahat, Kabupaten Bengkalis, Provinsi Riau
Abstrak: Riau is one of the areas in Indonesia which annually contributes to the regional haze problem, not only in Indonesia but also to neighboring countries, one of which comes from Sepahat village, Bukit Batu subdistrict, Bengkalis district, Province of Riau in 2009-2010 contributed the big haze until neighboring countries. Information about data hotspot may be one source of early detection information of forest fires and land. If the data hotspots combined with rainfall data, it will discover the model calculations of spatial correlation between the amounts of rainfall with the amountsof hotspot detection in Sepahat village. This study is aimed to compare hotspot of the NOAA-18 satellite with hotspot data of the TERRA-AQUA satellite and examine the correlation between rainfall and hotspot in 2008-2010. This study uses hotspot secondary data by NOAA satellite from the Ministry of Forestry of Indonesia, hotspot secondary data byAQUA TERRA satellite from Center for Applied Biodiversity (CABS), and rainfall data from the Department of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry of Bengkalis. The result of this study indicates that the number of hotspot detection captured by TERRA-AQUA satellite is higher than that of the NOAA satellite. Average hotspot detection from NOAA satellite in 2008-2010 was 11 hotspots, while average hotspot detection from TERRA-AQUA satellite in 2008-2010 was 119 hotspots. While average rainfall in Bukit Batu sub-district, in 2008-2010 was 1617.8 mm/year. The result of the correlation between the amount of rainfall and hotspot detection from NOAA satellite is 0.893, while the result of the correlation between the amount of rainfall and hotspot detection from TERRA-AQUA satellite is 0.5888. Best Equation Model of rainfall with hotspot detection in Sepahat village, Bangkalis is y = 146.5 - 17.49x + 8.52x2 - 0.5444x3 whereby y is the number of hotspots of NOAA satellite and x is rainfall.
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Judul: Variabilitas Iklim dan Kejadian Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan Gambut di Kabupaten Bengkalis, Provinsi Riau.
Abstrak: Bengkalis is one of districts which is vulnerable to forest and peatland fires in Riau due to land use change. This research aims to compare the observation climate data of Indonesian Agency for Meteorological, Climatological and Geophysics (BMKG) and global climate data from Climatic Research Unit (CRU) satellite as factors that affect the incidence of forest and peatland fires, analyze the distribution of forest and peatland fires in Bengkalis, and analyze the correlation between the elements climate (rainfall, maximum air temperature, and average air temperature) of CRU satellite and hotspot as an indicator of forest and peatland fires in Bengkalis. The result of the research revealed that climate patterns of CRU satellite in line with climate patterns of BMKG observations.. Spatial distribution of hotspots, 1998, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2006, and 2009 had the highest number of hotspots. Most hotspots are in the peat soil types Hemists/Saprists (60/40), very deep and on land cover shrub swamp. The maximum air temperature and average air temperature significant (p-value <0.05) to the number of hotspots while the rainfall did not significantly affect the number of hotspots. The best model also showed the absence of a suitable model to describe the relationship between elements of the climate and the number of hotspots.
Keyword: Climatic Research Unit, hotspot, climate, peat fires

Judul: Optimization of Alginate-Chitosan Microcapsules Formation for Leydig Cells Encapsulation
Abstrak: Hypogonadism is a clinical condition characterized by low concentrations of testosterone. It is caused by malfunction of Leydig cells in producing testosterone. Encapsulation method will protect the transplanted cells from the immune system rejection. The aims of this study was to optimize the formation of microcapsules for Leydig cells encapsulation. The microcapsules were made of alginate and chitosan as the first and the second coating agents, respectively. The result showed that the minimum concentration of alginate was 1.5% (w/v) with a viscosity of 33.8 cPs, resulted spherical microcapsules with diameters of 230-270 µm. The optimum concentration of chitosan as the second coating agent was 0.5% (w/v), resulted spherical microcapsule with mechanical stability in 4 hours. Leydig cells can be trapped inside the capsule with a density that proportional with concentration of cells used in the encapsulation.
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