Judul: Pengomposan Blotong, Bagas dan Abu Ketel dari Industri Gula dengan Perlakuan Aerasi Aktif dan Perbedaan Nilai C/N Awal
Abstrak: Filter Cake, Bagasse and Boiler wastes in the sugarcane industry has not been used optimally. Therefore, it is necessary to studies use of composting. The purposes of study are to optimize the wastes utilization with composting and to know the influence of different active aerationrate and different initial C/N value on composting process and product. The research method using complete randomized design with two treatments, namely active aeration treatment with air drainage and passive aeration (without air drainage). The aeration active composting in the first week, then in the second week until the end of composting by air supply naturally. Composting consists of three composition based on initial C/N value, they are 30, 40 and 50. In term of active aeration rate, composting consists of two aeration rate, they are 0.8 l/kg.minute and 1.2 l/kg.minute. Parameters monitored during composting such as, temperature is done every day, pH and C/N is every week. Upon the completion of composting which is 42 days, compost is characterized to define the quality of compost and compare with SNI 19-7030-2004. The composting with aeration treatment of active and passive aeration does significantly affect the value of C/N and the different initial C/N value composition significantly affect the value of C/N by anova statistic. The compost, in physically, pH value and potassium content does meet the requirements of the compost, but it does not meet the requirements in water content, phosporus content and C/N Value, based on SNI 19-7030-2004.C/N value of the compost is 23.44 and water content is 54.56%
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Judul: Pengaruh Perbedaan Nilai C/N Dan Laju Aerasi Pada Proses Co-Composting Bagasse Dengan Blotong Pada Limbah Industri Gula
Abstrak: The sugarcane industry in Indonesia produce the waste from bagasse and filter cake that until recently is still not optimum in processing. One of alternatives handling is co-composting bagasse and filter cake that will produce compost and can reduce the amount of sugarcane industry wastes. This research aims to utilize bagasse and filter cake of sugarcane industrial waste for composting and aeration as well as differing effect of giving the C/N of the process. Composting methods used were aerated static pile technique and uses two factors of aeration and C/N ratio. Aeration was provided via active aeration (0,4 L/Kg of material and 1,2 L/kg material) and passive aeration with C/N respectively 30, 40, and 50. The composting process was running for a month with active aeration at first week. Analysis results show that aeration technique proved didn’t have significant effect in changing C/N value. After analysis, result shows that the most decrease C/N value is compost with starting condition 50 of C/N value. Generally, aeration factor are not related yet and do not have any significant interaction to co-composting C/N value.
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Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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