Judul: Identifikasi Pengaruh Variabilitas Iklim Di Kota Bogor Terhadap Adaptasi dan Pengeluaran Masyarakat
Abstrak: Indonesian territory south of the equator is now going on a longer dry season and the rainy season is shorter but with a higher rainfall. It also occurs in Bogor on climate indicator of temperature, rainfall, number of rainy days, and the number of days without rain. Climate variability is expected to impact the adaptation strategies and household expenditure indirectly. This study aims to analyzed the public perception about climate change, analyze the community adaptation to face the climate change, analyzed the impact of climate change on household expenditure, and identified factors that affect the community in adapting to climate changes. This study used a descriptive method and multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study is that the adaptation of temperature increased on low-income, medium-income, and high-income community through roof improvement amount of 6%, 14%, and 36%, and used the fan amount of 38%, 70%, dan 62%. In adaptation from changed the rainfall and rainy days through roof fixing amount of 48%, 66%, and 66%, and used umbrella amount of 76%, 74%, and 86%. Increasing temperature affected on household expenditure for adaptation through home improvement or addition and the use of household goods amount of Rp 2 433 070, Rp 7 038 930, Rp 20 580 640 and household expenditure by climate change with changing the rainfall and rainy days amount of Rp 4 588 290, Rp 20 383 370, Rp 49 758 430 .
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), household expenditure, adaptation, public perseption, climate variability

Judul: Assessment of Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation among Smallholder Farmers in Dramaga Sub-district, Bogor, Indonesia
Abstrak: Human-induced climate change is considered a threat to communities and the natural system, in particular, agriculture, forestry, economy, health, and well-being. Climate change poses a great influence on crop productivity, food supply and food security. Indonesian farmers are the most vulnerable group prone to climate change risks, where they rely on a rain-fed agriculture system. Meanwhile, Farmer’s responses could play a significant role in fighting with changing climate and rising agricultural production. Extreme weather events namely flood and long dry season, are great concerns for Indonesia and the region. Moreover, land cover around the world’s many regions is being changed at a rapid pace. Particularly, deforestation is the main recognized type of land cover changes and the main contributor to climate change. Where, human activities particularly, agriculture expansion is the main driver of land transformation. The objectives of this study is to detect rainfall and temperature trends of the past thirty years, identify land cover changes and trends, and evaluate smallholder farmer’s perception and their responses against changing climate in Dramaga Sub-district. Where, the Dramaga has a huge number of populations relying on rain-fed agriculture, to feed themselves and support food security. Three main sources for obtaining data have been used in this study: a): Monthly rainfall and temperature data were obtained from the Dramaga Climatology Station of Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency from the period 1990-2019. b): Satellite imageries Landsat 7 and Landsat 8 operation land manager (OLI) with the 30 m resolution have been obtained from USGS online system. c): field data have been obtained from smallholder farmers using structured questionnaire and interview. In order to analyze the data, A Mann-Kendall statistical test has been run to detect the statistical significance of time series monthly rainfall and temperature data in comparison with the linear model. Likewise, to detect the land cover changes from 2000 to 2020, supervised classification has been carried out, and Landcover map for 2000 and 2020 along with the changes detection have been prepared through Arc GIS 10.2. To find out climate change perception among smallholder farmers, descriptive statistics such as mean and standards deviation for the Likert scale statements analysis and a Chi-square test have been run to determine the association among variables. The findings indicated no significant trends in the seasonal and annual rainfall in the past thirty years, whereas, annual mean and maximum temperature are rising significantly. Further, the annual minimum temperature does not show a statistically significant increase. Study Findings showed that great areas in Bogor converted from vegetation – Agriculture (+27.2%), Vegetation – Built-up (+12.1%), Vegetation – Bare land (+9.6%), forest-agriculture (+9.7%), and Forest – built-up (+4.8%). Moreover, Approximately, 688 Ha land cover has been changed in Dramaga Sub-district in the past 20 years. In addition, the majority of farmers are aware of climate change, where they felt that climate is changing. Most farmers are practicing some common adaptation measure based on their experiences. Further, they have been practicing few mitigation measures as well. Climate events owing to the rainfall variation, Temperature rise, and land-use change threat smallholder farmers. Results of the
Keyword: Land-use changes, Climate Change, Climate Variability

Judul: Pemurnian dan karakterisasi protein inhibitor RNA helikase virus hepatitis C
Abstrak: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the second most common chronic viral infection in the world with global prevalence. This infection is contribution to chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, often leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. There is no effective drug and vaccine available against HCV. The current standard treatment, a combination of pegylated interferon-α with ribavirin, is limited by its suboptimal response rate in a significant patient population, side effects, and affordability. Therefore, development of effective drug is needed. One approach to find out the candidate of antiviral drug is to discover the inhibitor of enzyme that essential for virus replication, such as RNA helicase. Streptomyces chartreusis 5-095 produce the inhibitor of HCV RNA helicase. The aim of this study was to purify the protein inhibitor which has inhibition activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV from S. chartreusis 5-095. The supernatant of culture S. chartreusis 5-095 exhibited high inhibiton activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV (approximately 72%) at 10 days of incubation. The extracellular protein inhibitor was partially purified by procedures of precipitation with ammonium sulfate to 65% saturation and gel filtration (Sephadex G50) using methanol water solution (4:6) as an eluen. The purity of protein inhibitor was monitored by SDS PAGE. The protein inhibitor showed a relative molecular mass were estimated to be 14 kDa and increased the purity 23,08 fold than those of the crude protein. The specific activity and IC50 after purification were 13,1338 U/mg and 0,0767 mg/mL, respectively. The activity of purified protein inhibitor showed its stability over pH range from 5-8 and optimum at pH 7,4. The inhibition activity showed its stability up to 70% at temperature 100 oC. The purified protein inhibitor relatively stable its activity at storage in the range of -20 oC to room temperature for 35 days.
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