Judul: Analisis kebijakan penanggulangan IUU-Fishing dalam pengelolaan perikanan tangkap Indonesia
Abstrak: Pencurian ikan mengancam pengelolaan sumberdaya ikan di seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Pada tahun 2001, FAO mengadopsi suatu panduan yang disebut Rencana Aksi Internasional (RAI) penanggulangan IUU-Fishin. Sebagai Negara anggota FAO yang memiliki sumberdaya ikan cukup besar maka Indonesia selayaknya mengadopsi panduan tersebut, namun sampai saat ini hal tersebut belum dilaksanakan.
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Judul: Analysis of IUU (Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated) Fishing and the Eforts of Handling by Port State Measures Adoption Mecanism at Oceanic Fishing Port Nizam Zachman Jakarta
Abstrak: Praktik perikanan yang diklasifikasikan sebagai kegiatan ilegal, tidak dilaporkan dan tidak diatur (illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing – IUU Fishing) terjadi di banyak wilayah perairan dunia dalam skala besar-besaran. Badan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB) mencatat lebih dari 100 negara berperkara dengan masalah pencurian ikan. Praktik perikanan seperti ini mengakibatkan kerusakan habitat sumberdaya ikan akibat tindakan yang destruktif, terganggunya pengelolaan pemanfaatan perikanan yang berkelanjutan, dan menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi yang merugikan banyak negara berkembang sekitar 2 – 15 milyar dolar Amerika tiap tahunnya. Sesuai kategori PBB yang diacu pada dokumen International Plan of Action to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate IUU Fishing tahun 2001, suatu negara dapat dikategorikan sebagai Negara Bendera (negara yang memberikan perijinan penangkapan kepada suatu unit penangkapan ikan), Negara Pantai (negara yang memiliki pantai dan tempat terjadinya perkara IUU fishing), dan Negara Pelabuhan (negara tujuan pendaratan hasil tangkapan). Penelitian ini fokus pada peran Negara Pelabuhan dalam upaya menangani IUU Fishing sesuai dengan dokumen perjanjian yang dirancang oleh Food and Agriculture Organization mengenai Port State Measures (PSM) Agreement. Sebagai negara anggota FAO, Indonesia wajib menelaah kemungkinan melakukan adopsi terhadap dokumen tersebut. Oleh sebab itu penelitian ini menganalisis kesiapan Indonesia dalam menerapkan kebijakan pengaturan PSM untuk mencegah, menghalangi, dan memberantas praktik IUU fishing dengan menggunakan studi kasus di Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera (PPS) Nizam Zachman Jakarta. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan metoda yuridis komparatif. Adapun penentuan sampel diakukan secara purposive. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hukum dan peraturan di Indonesia telah mengakomodasikan enam dari tujuh butir kewajiban negara pelabuhan sesuai dengan dokumen PSM dan telah diterapkan di PPS Nizam Zachman Jakarta. Namun demikian masih terdapat beberapa kekurangan di dalam pelaksanaanya yang meliputi pemahaman, sumberdaya manusia, kegiatan preventif, serta sarana dan prasarana penunjang.
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Judul: Enhancement of photon absorbtion on BaxSr1-xTiO3 thin films semiconductor using photonic crystals.
Abstrak: In this research, has been conducted BaxSr1-xTiO3 (BST) thin films manufacturing for mole fraction x = 0.25, 0.35, 0.45, and 0.55; and concentration of 1 molar using chemical solution depositon (CSD) method. The materials, which are used in this research, are barium acetate [Ba(CH3COO)2, 99%], strontium acetate [Sr(CH3COO)2, 99%], titanium isopropoxide [Ti(C12O4H28), 97.999%], gallium trioxide [Ga2O3], 2-methoxyethanol [H3COOCH2CH2OH, 99%] and 1 x 1 cm of transparent conductive oxide (TCO) glass as substrate. Two BST thin films are made that for BST thin films which are doped by 10% galium (BGST) as p-type layer and pure BST solution as n-type. BST solution is made by reacting barium acetate [Ba(CH3COO)2, 99%], strontium acetate [Sr(CH3COO)2, 99%] and titanium isopropoxide [Ti(C12O4H28)] into 2-methoxyethanol solvent [H3COOCH2CH2OH, 99%] in accordance with mass gram for each x value. While, BGST solution is made in the same way as BST solution, plus adding gallium at 10% of the mass of BST. Once all materials are reacted, then vibrated using ultrasonic for 90 minutes, and followed by coating BGST / BST on the TCO substrate. Once the layer is formed, then annealed for 15 hours at temperature of 500 °C with increasing rate of 1.67 oC/minute. Characterizations of BST thin films with or without photonic crystals include the absorbance and transmittance in the visible light spectrum, as well as the electrical photoconductivity characterizations. From BST thin films without photonic crystals indicate that our thin films have light absorption area on almost the entire range of the visible light spectrum even to the infrared range with absorption value over than 67.6%, in addition, it can be seen that the maximum absorbance of BST thin films for all mole fractions lie in blue to green light spectrum region, 457 nm ≤ λ ≤ 570 nm and the minimum in yellow to red light spectrum region, 570 nm ≤ λ ≤ 678 nm. The largest absorbance is found at x = 0.25 with average absorbance value of 92.04% and maximum and minimum absorbance peaks at wavelength of 500.89 and 657.72 nm, respectively. At x = 0.35, average absorbance value decreased to 83.55% with maximum and minimum peaks at 505.73 and 613.68 nm, respectively. Then increased to 91.16% at x = 0.45 with maximum and minimum peaks at 506.04 and 618.56 nm, respectively. At x = 0.55, average absorbance value decreased to 80.12% with maximum and minimum peaks at 507.85 and 608.79 nm, respectively. Moreover, it can be seen that the addition of barium mole fraction leads to wider maximum absorbance or minimum transmittance peaks and narrower minimum absorbance or maximum transmittance peaks in the same range of the green and blue & red light spectrums, respectively. BST thin films with photonic crystals show increasing in absorption for all x values in the range of 3.04 into 13.33%. At x = 0.25, average absorbance percentage increased 3.96% from 92.4 into 95.68%, for x = 0.35 average percentage increased 7.07% into 89.45 from 83.55%. Furthermore, average absorbance of BST thin films at x = 0.45 increased 3.04% from 91.16 into 93.93% and x = 0.55 has
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