Judul: Effect analysis of initial capital against micro enterprise’s turnover at dramaga, bogor
Abstrak: Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) di Indonesia berjumlah 56 534 592 unit pada tahun 2012 dan sebanyak 55 856 176 merupakan usaha mikro. Usaha mikro banyak diminati karena memerlukan modal yang relatif kecil. Salah satu usaha mikro adalah usaha makanan dan non makanan di Dramaga. Penelitian ini menganalisis karakteristik sosial ekonomi pengusaha mikro serta pengaruh kuantitas dan sumber modal terhadap omset usaha. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dari hasil wawancara dengan panduan kuesioner kepada 30 responden. Hasil analisis regresi linier berganda menunjukkan bahwa variabel pendidikan, status pernikahan, komoditas usaha, jumlah modal awal, lama usaha, sumber modal awal, dan total biaya berpengaruh terhadap omset usaha dengan taraf nyata 20%. Komoditas usaha, jumlah modal awal, lama usaha, dan total biaya berpengaruh positif. Jenjang pendidikan, status pernikahan, dan sumber modal awal berpengaruh negatif. Pengusaha yang belum menikah, pengusaha makanan, dan pengusaha dengan modal pinjaman memiliki omset relatif lebih besar dibanding pengusaha yang sudah menikah, pengusaha non makanan dan pengusaha dengan modal sendiri., Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia amounted to 56,534,592 units in 2012 and 55,856,176 of these are micro enterprises. Micro enterprises in great demand because it requires a relatively small capital. One of micro business is the business of food and non-food in Dramaga. This study analyzed the socio-economic characteristics as well as the influence of the quantity of micro entrepreneurs and capital resources of the business turnover. The data used is primary data from interviews with 30 respondents using questionnaire guide. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the variables of education, marital status, commodity business, the amount of initial capital, the old business, initial capital sources, and total business turnover costs affect the real level of 20%. Commodity business, the amount of initial capital, the old business, and the total cost have a positive effect. Level of education, marital status, and source of initial capital have a negative effect. Employers who are not married, businessman food, and entrepreneurs with capital loans have a relatively larger turnover than the businessman who is married, non-food entrepreneur and businessman with his own capital.
Keyword: Dramaga, Modal, Omset, Usaha Mikro

Judul: An alaysis of the capital structure of micro  and  small  enterprise  (mses)  and  its  relation  business  development  in  Bogor
Abstrak: Usaha Mikro dan Kecil (UMK) memiliki peranan penting dalam perekonomian Indonesia, namun sudah banyak upaya pemerintah dalam meningkatkan aksesibilitas UMK terhadap lembaga keuangan. Dengan demikian, tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi permintaan modal luar oleh pengusaha UMK dan pengaruhnya terhadap perkembangan usaha. Metode aregresi logistik digunakan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi permintaan modal luar dan metode Ordinary Least Square (OLS) digunakan untuk menganalisis dampak modal luar terhadap perkembangan usaha. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan karakteristik struktur usaha pengusaha kecil dan pengusaha mikro dimana keragaman usaha kecil lebih baik daripada usaha mikro baik dari sisi tingkat pendidikan, aset, omset maupun kelayakan usaha. Dari sisi struktur permodalan, hanya sebagian kecil pengusaha mikro yang memanfaatkan modal luar, sebaliknya dengan pengusaha kecil. Hasil regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang memengaruhi pelaku UMK terhadap permintaan modal luar adalah usia responden, pendapatan, aset dan omset. Berdasarkan hasil olahan menggunakan OLS variabel yang signifikan terhadap perkembangan keuntungan usaha adalah usia responden, dummy jenis usaha, omset dan modal luar., Micro and small enterprises (MSEs) have a very important role for Indonesian economy. However, many effort from government to increase the accessibility of MSEs to financial institutions. Thus, this study was analyzing of factors affecting the demand for external capital MSEs and the impact of external capital to business development. Factors affecting the demand for external MSEs were determined by logistic regression model. Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method is used to analyze the impact of external capital to business development. The study shows that there are differences in the characteristics of the structure of the business on MSEs. The diversity of small enterprises is better than micro enterprises in terms of education level, assets, omzet and business feasibility. In terms of capital structure, only a small proportion of micro enterprises that uses external the capital, in contrast with the small enterprises. Logistic regression results indicated that factors affecting MSEs access to external capital are age, income, asset and omzet. Based on the result from OLS indicate significant variables on profits are age of the respondents, dummy type of business, omzet and external capital
Keyword: Ordinary Least Square (OLS), regresi logistik, struktur permodalan, UMK

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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