Judul: Osmotic dehydration of slice of papaya (Carica papaya L.) with sodium alginate – coating in a room temperature
Abstrak: This study was aimed to determine the change in water loss, solid gain, and shrinkage of sodium alginate coated papaya slices during osmotic dehydration at room temperature. Sugar solution with concentration of 45 °Brix, 55 °Brix and 65 °Brix were used as osmotic solution. Papaya slices used the thickness of 1cm and 2cm. Parameters observed were the mass of material, volume of material and moisture content. The high solution concentration and the flimsiness of material increased the value of water loss and shrinkage. Sodium alginate which was given by one-time dyeing with high solution concentration decreased the value of solid gain. Water loss and shrinkage values were highest on P0E0C2 (1 cm thick, no coating, solution concentration 65 °Brix) which the each values were of 74.82% and 71.45 ml. The lowest solid gain values contained on P0E1C2 (thick 1cm, use done-time coating, solution concentration 65 °Brix) of -0.18%.
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Judul: Pengeringan Osmotik pada Irisan Buah Mangga Arumanis (Mangifera indica L.) dengan Pelapisan Kitosan
Abstrak: Osmotic dehydration with sugar solution as the osmo-active substance was commonly applied to fruits, for example the mango. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of Chitosan-coating, temperature and concentration of solution on Water Loss (WL) and Solid Gain (SG) during osmotic dehydration of mango. The treatment of solution temperatures of 30 oC and 50 oC and solution concentrations of 42 oBrix, 54 oBrix and 66 oBrix were applied to this research. The variable of the mass of the sample, moisture content, solid content, and the volume of the sample were measured during this research. Measurement was done at minute 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, and 300. The sample non-coating, high temperature and high concentration of the solution increases WL, while the use of chitosan, low temperature and high concentration of the solution decreases SG. The largest values of PR was 12.2 at E1T1C3 treatment (using the chitosan, solution temperature 30 oC, and concentration of the solution 66 oBrix) with the WL values was 49.65 % and the SG values was 4.05 %. Azuara’s model was suitable for modeling the WL and SG on the osmotic dehydration of mango slices.
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Judul: Ekologi pecuk hitam (Phalacrocorax sulcirostris Brandt, 1931) di Taman Burung Kota Baru Bandar Kemayoran Jakarta
Abstrak: Kota Baru Bandar Kemayoran (KBBK) terletak di pusat kota Jakarta dan kaya akan avifauna. Di dalam kawasan ini direncanakan pengembangan suatu taman burung, yang selain berfungsi untuk perlindungan juga berfungsi untuk kegiatan rekreasi bersifat mendidik, khususnya rekreasi pengamatan burung (bird watching). Salah satu jenis burung yang menarik untuk diamati yaitu Pecuk Hitam (Phalacrocorax sulcirostris), yang merupakan jenis dominan dan sering dijumpai. Jenis ini mempunyai perilaku khas yang tidak dimiliki oleh spesies lain, yaitu tarian gerakan sayap untuk menarik pasangan (wing waving) dan gerakan membuka sayap membentuk sudut patah di bagian siku berbentuk delta winged disebut wing spreading. Berdasarkan pengamatan awal, populasi Pecuk Hitam tersebar pada hampir semua tipe habitat, meliputi: habitat rawa, habitat mangrove, habitat semak dan habitat waduk buatan, sehingga mudah dijumpai, terutama di waduk buatan. Kondisi ini sangat baik untuk pengembangan rekreasi pengamatan burung (bird watching).
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