Judul: Kecernaan, Retensi Nitrogen dan Performa Domba yang diberi Ransum yang mengandung Sabut Kelapa Sawit Fermentasi dengan Pleurotus ostreatus
Abstrak: Availability of palm press fiber (PPF) as a by-product of palm oil processing increased every years. PPF is potential to be used as feed, but it contains high lignin. Lignin content of the PPF can be reduced by pre-treatment such as fermentation using a white root degrading fungi of Pleurotus ostreatus. The aims of this study were to evaluate digetibility, nitrogen retention and performance of sheep offered diets composed of palm press fiber (PPF) fermented by Pleurotus ostreatus. Twelve male sheep weighing of 23.32 ± 1.68 kg were devided into four groups and randomly allocated into three dietary treatments in a randomized block design. The treatments were levels of fermented PPF in the diets: R0 (30% napier grass + 70 % concentrate), R1 (15% napier grass 15% PPF + 70% concentrate) and R2 (30% PPF + 70% concentrate). The result showed that the mean of daily gain (ADG), total digestible nutrient (TDN) and nitrogen retention in sheep were not different among treatments. Dietary inclusion of PPF decreased the ether extract intake and digestible crude fiber (P<0.05) and decreased digestible crude protein (P<0.01). It was concluded that PPF could be included in the ration of sheep to replace napier grass.
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Judul: Kajian Pustaka Kecernaan in vivo Ransum Berbasis Sabut Sawit Olahan
Abstrak: Tumbuhnya industri kelapa sawit berdampak pada peningkatan jumlah limbah yang dihasilkan. Limbah berupa sabut sawit (SS) dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti rumput dalam ransum ternak ruminansia. Sebelum diberikan ke ruminansia, SS perlu diolah secara kimiawi ataupun biologis untuk merombak ikatan lignoselulosanya agar kecernaan pakan meningkat. Kajian pustaka ini bertujuan menganalisis efisiensi pengolahan SS sebagai pakan sumber energi diamati kecernaannya di dalam rumen secara in vivo. Data pengolahan kimiawi SS diambil dari dua jurnal, internasional dan nasional, sedangkan data pengolahan biologis diambil dari skripsi. Pengolahan kimiawi (amoniasi), urea 4% dicampur dengan SS, biomassa ini digunakan sebanyak 50% dalam ransum dan diperoleh 56.47% kecernaan bahan kering (KcBK). Pengolahan biologis, SS digunakan sebagai media tanam jamur pelapuk putih (JPP) berupa Ganoderma lucidum dan Pleurotus ostreatus. Biomasanya digunakan sebanyak 15% dalam ransum, diperoleh KcBK sedikit lebih tinggi dari pengolahan kimiawi, yaitu 58.28%. Penggunaan JPP memberikan nilai tambah berupa efek yang lebih baik terhadap lingkungan dan terhadap kesehatan ternak ruminansia mengingat JPP memiliki senyawa aktif sebagai imunomodulator., The growing of oil palm industries has consequently increased the amount of waste produced. Waste in the form of palm pressed fiber (PPF) which can be used as substitute for grass in ruminant rations. Before being given to ruminants, PPF needs to be treated chemically or biologically to break down its lignocellulosic bonds to increase digestibility. This literature review aims to analyze the efficiency of processing PPF as energy feed source, observed its digestibility in the rumen in vivo. The data on chemical treatment of PPF was taken from two journals, international and national, while the data of biological treatment was taken from theses. Chemical treatment (amoniation), 4% urea was mixed with PPF, 50% of this biomass used in ration has obtained 56.47% of dry matter digestibility (DMD). Biological treatment, PPF was used as growing medium for white rot fungi (WRF), Ganoderma lucidum and Pleurotus ostreatus. The 15% biomass used in ration, the DMD obtained is slightly higher than chemical treatment, which is 58.28%. The use of JPP provides added value in the form of a better effect for environment and ruminants health considering that JPP has active compounds as immunomodulators.
Keyword: amoniation, in vivo, palm pressed fibre, ruminant feed, white rot fungi

Judul: Tinjauan Matematis pada Model Makroskopik dan Mikroskopik Arus Lalu-lintas
Abstrak: Traffic flow phenomenon can be described through mathematical model such as continuous dynamic model with an ordinary differential equation so that it can be solved with integral factors. In this paper three simple models of traffic flow are discussed, i.e, two macroscopic and one microscopic models. Macroscopic model formulates dynamics of the traffic flow that occurs on a large number of vehicles on a road. While the microscopic model explains drivers’ behavior in their interaction with other vehicles ahead, i.e, car-following model. This paper shows the existence of ordinary differential equation found in the traffic flow model and indicates some different representations in the context of the same model. It also reviews a simple model of traffic flow along a single link, which leads to some unexpected results, i.e, it can express the solution model in term of link outflows as well as trip time. In the microscopic model, simulation is done to illustrate the behavior of the drivers with a sensitivity coefficient as a benchmark parameter.
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