Judul: Analisis Daya Dukung Wisata Hiu Paus (Rhincodon typus Smith,  1828) di Teluk Saleh, Nusa Tenggara Barat
Abstrak: Hiu paus (Rhincodon typus) merupakan ikan terbesar di dunia. Status konservasi hiu paus berdasarkan IUCN termasuk kedalam kategori terancam punah (endangered). Pemanfaatan wisata secara langsung dapat memberikan ancaman terhadap kelestarian hiu paus sehingga perlu menelaah kondisi pengelolaan pada sumber daya hiu paus yang sudah beroperasi, menganalisis kapasitas daya dukung wisata dan menentukan rekomendasi pengelolaan wisata hiu paus. Data primer diperoleh dengan cara observasi lapangan dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pengelolaan wisata hiu paus di Teluk Saleh belum optimal. Indeks kesesuaian wisata hiu paus memiliki kategori sangat sesuai (SS) dan sesuai (S) untuk kegiatan wisata. Nilai daya dukung dengan pendekatan titik kemunculan sebesar 6400 orangatau tahun. Rekomendasi pengelolaan yang tepat yaitu pengkajian kemunculan hiu paus secara spasial-temporal, promosi wisata hiu paus pada media sosial dan cetak, pembentukan tim monitoring dan evaluasi, pelatihan kepada pelaku wisata, dan membangun kerjasama kepada pemerintah, masyarakat dan lembaga lainnya., The whale shark (Rhincodon typus) is the largest fish in the world and is classified as endangered by the IUCN. Tourism activities can directly impact the sustainability of whale sharks. Therefore, it is important to assess the management of existing whale shark tourism, analyze the tourism capacity, and make recommendations for better management. Primary data was collected through field observations and interviews. The results indicate that the management of whale shark tourism in Saleh Bay is suboptimal. The suitability index for whale shark tourism activities was very suitable (SS) and suitable (S). Using the point approach, the estimated carrying capacity is 6400 people per year. Recommendations for improved management include assessing the spatial-temporal occurrence of whale sharks, promoting whale shark tourism through social and print media, establishing monitoring and evaluation teams, providing training for tourism operators, and fostering collaboration with government, communities, and other stakeholders.
Keyword: daya dukung, pengelolaan, Wisata Hiu Paus, Teluk Saleh

Judul: Whale Shark (Rhincodon typus) Occurrence and  Interaction with Human in Saleh Bay, West Nusa Tenggara
Abstrak: Hiu paus merupakan salah satu jenis ikan terbesar di dunia yang dilindungi secara hukum. Kegiatan wisata hiu paus yang dilakukan di Teluk Saleh menimbulkan dampak negatif bagi kesejahteraan hiu paus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemunculan hiu paus (Rhincodon typus) di Teluk Saleh serta mengevaluasi prosedur operasional baku yang sudah beroperasi di Teluk Saleh Kabupaten Sumbawa, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melakukan observasi langsung dan wawancara. Data yang didapatkan berupa ID hiu paus, tingkah laku, kegiatan wisatawan, dan persepsi wisatawan dan nelayan. Data yang dikumpulkan menunjukkan bahwa kemunculan hiu paus di Teluk Saleh oleh keberadaan bagan dan ketersediaan pakan. Kemunculan hiu paus di Teluk Saleh terjadi saat pagi dan malam hari, namun didominasi pada pagi hari. Banyaknya pelanggaran yang masih dilakukan oleh wisatawan dan operator wisata memerlukan pemantauan lebih lanjut mengenai menilai prosedur operasional baku di Teluk Saleh, Nusa Tenggara Barat., Whale sharks is one of the largest fish species in the world and legally protected. Whale shark tourism activities carried out in Saleh Bay have a negative impact on the welfare of whale sharks. This study aims to analyze the occurrence of whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) in Saleh Bay and evaluate the standard operating procedures that have been operating in Saleh Bay, Sumbawa Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. This research was conducted by conducting direct observations and interviews. Data obtained in the form of whale shark ID, behavior, tourist activities, and perceptions of tourists and fishermen. The data collected showed that the occurrence of whale sharks in Saleh Bay is driven by the presence of nets and the availability of food. The occurrence of whale sharks in Saleh Bay occurs in the morning and at night, but predominantly in the morning. The number of violations still committed by tourists and tour operators requires further monitoring of assessing standard operating procedures in Saleh Bay, West Nusa Tenggara.
Keyword: tingkah laku, Hiu Paus, ID Hiu Paus, Wisata Hiu Paus

Judul: Sintesis Flavon dari Fenol dan Benzoil Klorida
Abstrak: Flavone is a class of flavonoid, commonly found in plants with wide bioactivity spectrum. A widely used flavone synthesis route is through acidcatalyzed oxidative cyclization of β-diketone. In this study, unsubstituted flavone had been synthesized via 5-step from phenol, with 22% yield and successfully increased the yield of previous study on Fries rearrangement of phenyl acetate and benzoylation of o-HAP steps. Phenol was acetylated resulting 93% phenyl acetate. AlCl3-catalyzed Fries rearrangement in 1.5 hour and at 120 °C converted phenyl acetate into o-hydroxyacetophenone (o-HAP) with 40% yield. AlCl3 as catalyst produced o-HAP with higher and reproducible yield compared with BF3·Et2O and ZnCl2. Benzoylation of o-HAP followed by Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement of the ester product using KOH in dried pyridine produced β-diketone 1-(2- hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropane-1,3-dione. The yield of ester and β-diketone were 71% and 85%, respectively. Finally, oxidative cyclization of β-diketone with sulphuric acid as catalyst produced 99% of flavone. The flavone product had been characterized spectroscopically and its melting point as well.
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