Judul: Deteksi Cemaran Babi dengan Porcine Detection Kits pada Penggilingan Bakso di Kota Bogor
Abstrak: Meat adulteration has already happened in many meatball chopping shop in traditional market Kota Bogor. It contaminates the chopper and then contaminates as well the otther products which is chopped in the same meat chopping machine. The objectives from this research is showing the presence of pork contamination in the meat chopper which operates in Pasar Anyar and Pasar Bogor at Bogor city by using Porcine Detection Kits and PCR analysis. Meat samples that have been already had halal certification was chopped in three differrent meatball chopping shops (MG, JM, dan SM) at Pasar Anyar and the other three differrent meatball chopping shops (MN, MU dan HA) at Pasar Bogor by using random sampling method. Then, the samples were analysed using Porcine Detection Kits and results positive in 1 sample that was chopped in SM meatball chopping shop. The analysed samples using PCR show negative result.
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Judul: Validasi Porcine Detection Kit pada Analisis Cemaran Babi dalam Produk Daging Sapi
Abstrak: Addition of pork into beef meatball mix and mixing pork with fresh beef have become common adulterations although the demand of halal food product has increased rapidly. A test kit for detection of pork meat in food products has been introduced, however, validation procedures must be conducted to reassure the performance parameters of the test kit. Validation of porcine detection kit has been conducted by means of performance characteristic curve. The result showed that raw porcine meat detection kit and processed porcine meat detection kit tend to give unreliable results in the concentration region between 0,0095%-0,0295% and 0,215%-0,5% of pork in beef (w/w), respectively. The results also showed that the sensitivity and specificity rate of the two test kit were the same, namely 0,95. The detection limit for raw and processed porcine meat detection kits were 0,0295% and 0,5%, respectively. The detection limit of raw porcine meat detection kit showed a lower value compared to the detection limit claimed by the manufacturer. These cannot be considered an inconvenience because, in case of hazardous substances or any contaminant, the false negative rate must be controlled and, in many cases, minimized
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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