Judul: Identifikasi Tungau pada Famili Solanaceae di Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor
Abstrak: Keanekaragaman spesies Solanaceae yang cukup besar, memungkinkan keanekaragaman jenis parasit yang hidup pada tumbuhan tersebut juga besar. Salah satu parasit yang menginfestasi tumbuhan Solanaceae yaitu tungau. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan mempelajari tungau pada Solanaceae di Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor dan Sekitarnya. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sampel tungau pada tumbuhan Solanaceae, yaitu Capsicum annuum, Capsicum frutescens, Capsicum sp., Solanum nigrum, dan Solanum torvum. Pada setiap tumbuhan diambil 10 helai daun secara acak untuk diambil tungaunya. Tungau diambil dari permukaan helai daun, dibuat preparat utuh dengan media PVA. Hasil identifikasi dari 70 sampel diperoleh tujuh jenis tungau yaitu tungau fitofag meliputi Tetranychus sp. dan Oligonychus sp., dan tungau predador meliputi Phytoseiulus sp., Amblyseius sp.1, Amblyseius sp.2, Amblyseius sp.3, dan Asca sp.. Keberadaan tungau predator berpotensi mengurangi jumlah tungau famili Tetranychidae yang menginfestasi Solanaceae.
Keyword: Ascidae, Phytoseiidae, Solanaceae, Tetranychidae, Tungau, Solanaceae plants, Capsicum frutescens, Capsicum sp, Solanum nigrum, Oligonychus sp

Judul: Trips Species and Entomophthoralean Fungi on Solanaceae Plants in Bogor and Cianjur
Abstrak: Serangga trips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) merupakan salah satu hama penting tanaman pertanian termasuk tanaman dari famili Solanaceae seperti cabai, bawang, tomat dan lainnya. Serangga ini dapat menimbulkan kerusakan ringan hingga kerusakan berat yang dapat menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi. Upaya dalam pengendalian hayati untuk pengendalian OPT ini, yaitu dengan memanfaatkan predator, parasitoid dan patogen. Musuh alami trips potensial salah satunya adalah cendawan entomopatogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui keanekaragaman spesies trips pada famili Solanaceae dan musuh alaminya yaitu cendawan entomopatogen. Pengambilan sampel dan pengamatan populasi trips dilakukan dengan cara menepuk-nepuk bagian bunga dan daun di atas baki berukuran 26 x 4 cm. Sampel trips dikumpulkan menggunakan kuas halus dan dimasukkan ke dalam botol kaca 10 ml yang berisi alkohol 70% untuk identifikasi lebih lanjut di laboratorium. Sampel trips yang didapatkan dibuat preparat dan diidentifikasi untuk menentukan spesies dan ada tidaknya trips yang terinfeksi cendawan Entomophthorales. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada empat spesies yang ditemukan pada tanaman Solanaceae, yaitu: Thrips parvispinus, Ayyaria chaetophora, Elaphrothrips bakeri dan Haplothrips gowdeyi. Fase cendawan Entomophthorales yang ditemukan menginfeksi trips ialah konidia sekunder dan badan hifa yang ditemukan menginfeksi trips spesies Thrips parvispinus. Cendawan Entomophthorales tersebut adalah Neozygites parvispinus, dengan tingkat infeksi teringgi terjadi pada trips terung dan terendah terjadi pada trips cabai., Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) are one of the most important insect pests of agricultural crops including Solanaceae plants such as chilies, onions, tomatoes, and others. Thrips can cause mild to severe damage that can cause economic losses. The biological control to manage these pests include utilizing predators, parasitoids, and pathogens. A potential natural enemy of thrips is entomopathogenic fungi. This study aims to determine the species diversity of thrips on Solanaceae plants and their natural enemies, specifically entomopathogenic fungi. Sampling and population observation of thrips were conducted by tapping the flower and leaf parts over a tray measuring 26 x 4 cm. Sampled thrips were collected using a soft brush and placed in a 10 ml glass bottle containing 70% alcohol for further identification in the laboratory. Sampled trips obtained were prepared and identified to determine the thrips species and whether the thrips infected with the entomophthoralean fungus. The research results showed that there are four species of thrips found in Solanaceae plants: Thrips parvispinus, Ayyaria chaetophora, Elaphrothrips bakeri, and Haplothrips gowdeyi. The fungal phase found to infect thrips were secondary conidia and hyphal bodies infecting Thrips parvispinus. The Entomophthoralean fungus identified was Neozygites parvispinus, with the highest infection levels occurring in eggplant thrips and the lowest occurring in chili thrips.
Keyword: pengendalian hayati, Entomopatogen, Neozygites, Musuh alami, Thripidae

Judul: Resonance technique HHO generator for internal combustion engine
Abstrak: Application of HHO gas as fuel had been generaly used. Though there was still controversy regarding its efficiency and efectiveness . In this research, hydrogen that hopefully could become an alternative renewable energy was produced by the electrolysis process. HHO was the mixture of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas that was formed in HHO dry generator. In HHO cell (dry) generator contained 10 cells, and each cell required 2.4 voltage. Furthermore, resonance DC application was evaluated to gain the better electrolysis efficiency. The test was held by using 2 level of electrolyte consentration, 0.178 M KOH and 0.446 M KOH. Each concentration was tested by 3 size of inductors, 8uH, 40uH, and 100uH. Not only single frequency was used, but modulatedfrequency was used also as well. In order to measure the improvement of resonance techinique application, specific energy was compared between using resonance technique and conventionaltechnique.Specific energy was calculated between output (mass of hydrogen) and input energy (watt hour). In this test,input of specific energy was measured in two condition:energy from the source (total) and energy in HHO generator only. From the test, it could be concluded that modulated frequency, by using40 Hz and 2405 Hz frequency, 100uH inductor, and 0.446 M OH, only 61% of total specific energy that was used in HHO generator. It needed23.91 watt hour energy (total) to produce 1 gram of hydrogen gas.On the other hand, the worst performance was happened in single frequency, 11270Hz, 8uH of inductor, and 0.178 KOH, where the loss of specific energy was 82%. The conventional technique only loosed about 0.5% of specific energy in 0.178 KOH needed 51.37watt hour to provide one gram of hydrogen. The loss was happened due to the excess of current that was converted into head in MOSFET. Hopefully the further research will be held again by using wet type of HHO generator because dry generator did not have fixed capacity value and it maked difficulty for calculating the perfect resonance condition.
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