Judul: Karakteristik Kulit Kaki Ayam yang disamak dengan Penyamak Nabati.
Abstrak: Penyamakan nabati merupakan salah satu jenis penyamakan yang mampu menghasilkan kualitas kulit samak yang cukup baik serta dapat mengurangi dampak pencemaran lingkungan dan bahaya kesehatan. Oleh karena itu, penyamakan nabati perlu dilakukan untuk menggantikan penggunaan bahan penyamak krom. Penyamakan nabati dengan menggunakan mimosa dan ekstrak daun jambu biji akan menghasilkan kulit dengan karakteristik yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui level kombinasi penyamak nabati yang terbaik terhadap karakteristik kulit kaki ayam yang disamak. Kontrol menggunakan bahan penyamak kombinasi berupa krom dan mimosa dengan pebandingan konsentrasi 80:20. Bahan penyamak nabati yang digunakan berupa mimosa dan ekstrak daun jambu biji dengan perbandingan konsentrasi 20:80, 40:60 dan 60:40. Setiap perlakuan memiliki 3 kali ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah kekuatan tarik, kemuluran dan kekuatan sobek. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa konsentrasi bahan penyamak nabati berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter. Level kombinasi terbaik dihasilkan oleh kulit dengan konsentrasi bahan penyamak 60:40. Kekuatan tarik yang dihasilkan sebesar 29.051 kg cm-2, kemuluran 31.94% dan kekuatan sobek 19.051 kg cm-1.
Keyword: kulit kaki ayam, penyamakan nabati, tanin

Judul: Karakteristik Kulit Kaki Ayam yang Disamak dengan Krom dan Mimosa serta Ekstrak Kulit Buah Salak (Salacca Edulis Reinw)
Abstrak: Leather tanning is a process to transform the unstable raw skin into more stable form. The aim of this research was to determine characteristics of chicken foot’s skin which tanned using mineral (chromium) and vegetable tanning material (mimosa and salak peel’s extract). This research used chicken foot’s skin tanned with one control and 3 treatments. Each treatment used similar materials, namely; chromium, mimosa and salak peel’s extract, with different concentration. Control treatment consisted of 100% chromium; treatment 1 consisted of tanning material with ratio of 70:20:10; treatment 2 with ratio of 60:20:20 and treatment 3 with ratio of 50:20:30. Each treatment had 3 replications. The observed variables were tensile strength, elongation and tear endurance. Data were analyzed by using analysis of variance. The results showed that tensile strength, elongation and tear endurance of chicken foot’s skin tanned with each treatment showed not significant different (P> 0.05) with the best treatment ratio was 50:20:30.
Keyword: tanning, salak peel, chicken claw’s skin, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB)

Judul: Implementation of Spatio-Temporal Change Query in Relational Database.
Abstrak: Geographic object changes in various views. Object changes are recorded using a model of static storage. No historical connection between old version data and new version data has been built. For that, a storage model of spatio-temporal queries that can analyze spatio-temporal changes has been developed. The object changes the geometry are grouped according to the taxonomy of Spatio-Temporal Pattern Change. This research has been able to apply the query patterns change including born, expand, merge, contract, split, normal and die. This query based on geometric (area) changes. The implementation of spatio-temporal change queries represents an object changes continuously with easy, change detection is done by comparing two versions of data. Keyword: spatio-temporal change query, spatio-temporal change pattern.
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