Judul: Determinant factors of the products of velvet antlers of rusa timorensis (De Blainville 1822) in natural habitat and captivity
Abstrak: The male Timor deer with their productive potentials have the characteristics of producing high quality of velvet antlers that can be harvested without killing which may be used as nutraceutical substances. The product criteria are based on the weight and length, and the quality is based on the contents of Ca, P, and amino acids. The two criterions may be influenced by places, internal and external physical conditions such as habitats and feed types. Therefore, the study was aiming at (1) Studying the spatial pattern or preferential habitat of Timor deer in Peucang island Ujung Kulon National Park (2) Identifying the preferential feed types and obtaining the correlation between feed nutrient contents and quality of velvet antlers produced in Ujung Kulon National Park. (3) Identifying the determinant factors of Timor deer that can produce high quality products of velvet antlers. (4) Formulating management strategies in exploiting the velvet antler of Timor deer as the main product of deer in the wild and captivity area. The first phase of the study was conducted at Ujung Kulon National Park (Peucang and Handeuleum Islands). The research on the island was divided into two sessions i.e. in the first session, observations on the distribution patterns, vegetation composition and habitat preferences of deer in Peucang Island were carried out. Inventory of deer used the method of concentration count census was conducted from afternoon to evening, and the distribution pattern used the chi-square test. The variables of the characteristics of habitat preferences include latitude, slope, temperature, humidity, soil pH, soil salinity, and distances from shore, from the pasture, from the pool and from the patrol path. The geographical position of deer was uploaded in the database file (*. dbf) to ArcGIS 9.3. The determinant factors of the presence of deer were analyzed using a stepwise multiple regression with the IBM SPSS statistics 20. In the second session of observations, the feed preferences of male deer were observed by pair method and feed samples of the plants most frequently consumed were taken for proximate analysis and their nutritional content analysis. Sample collection was carried out by giving the deer total anesthesia using a combination of Xylazine hydrochloride of 0.01 ml/kg body weight and ketamine of 0.05 ml/kg body weight. The collection of the velvet antlers was conducted when they were at the age of 55, 60 and 65 days. The second phase of the study was conducted in captivity to obtain a picture of the level of feed preferences and feed intake in relation to the products and quality of velvet antlers. The experiment used 5 male deer at their velvet antler phases of 3, 6, and 9 years old. The feed presentation technique was with cafeteria, feed preferences were assessed by scores, data collection including Fresh Material Consumption (FMC) and Dry Material Consumption (DMC), nutrients, macro and micro minerals of the feed were carried out. The collection of velvet antlers was conducted giving the deer local anesthesia using Lignocain HCL of 2% with a dose of each pedicle as much as 4 ml injected in three parts. Morphometry
Keyword: Rusa timorensis, velvet antler, determinant factors

Judul: Perilaku dan Aspek Pakan Rusa Timor (Rusa timorensis Blainville 1822) Remaja Pada Kandang dan Jenis Pakan yang Berbeda
Abstrak: Efforts to improve the productivity of java deer (Rusa timorensis) can be done through improvements in the feed management and maintenance customized with deer behavior. This research aims to study the aspects of feed and daily behavior of java deer in adolescent age group (12-24 months) in captive breeding of Hutan Penelitian Dramaga, Bogor. In this study, deer were fed selective forage (Coix lacryma-jobi Lour, Pennisetum purpureum Schum, Hierochloe horsfieldii Maxim, and Commelina benghalensis L) and field grass. Result show on individual cages, the highest feed preference value was Pennisetum purpureum Schum and the highest feed palatability value was Hierochloe horsfieldii Maxim. The opposite result occured in the collective cage. On feeding selective forage, the average daily consumption of fresh and dry matter of feed, daily gain and feed efficiency deer were 4.87± 0.51 kg/head/day, 0.73±0.07 kg/head/day, 0.15±0.05 kg/head/day and 22.59%. Averaged digestibility coefficients of feed of java deer was 52.95±6.90% of dry matter, 30.87±26.00% of crude fat, 49.68±2.76%of crude protein, 56.49±6.48% of crude fiber, and 59.21±8.40% of N-free extractive. Daily behavior of java deer in individual cages were dominated by eating, rumination, movement and resting. In conclusion, to increase production that deers is better to be raised on individual cages.
Keyword: 

Judul: Persamaan Gelombang Permukaan Dalam Sistem Hamiltonian
Abstrak: Fluida adalah suatu zat yang bentuknya dapat berubah secara kontinu akibat gaya geser. Dua bentuk fluida yang dikenal adalah fluida yang berbentuk cairan dan gas. Dalam tulisan ini akan dibahas fluida yang berbentuk cairan. Persamaan yang memodelkan fenomena gelombang fluida di antaranya adalah sistem Hamiltonian. Persamaan ini berasumsi babwa fluida dalam keadaan ideal di mana fluida tak mampu mampat (inkompresibel), fluida tak rotasional (irrotasional).
Keyword: