Judul: Estimation of Carbon Stock in Seagrass Sediments on Sintok Island, Menjangan Besar Island, and Bengkoang, Karimunjawa
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji stok karbon yang tersimpan pada sedimen lamun di Pulau Sintok, Menjangan Besar, dan Bengkoang, Kepulauan Karimunjawa. Pengamatan dilakukan di ekosistem lamun untuk mendapatkan nilai kerapatan, penutupan dan jenis lamun. Pengambilan sempel sedimen dilakukan dengan metode coring bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai stok karbon yang dihitung menggunakan metode Loss on Ignition, kemudian dikombinasikan dengan nilai kerapatan dan tutupan lamun untuk mengetahui pengaruh terhadap nilai stok karbon pada keseluruhan area padang lamun. Terdapat enam spesies lamun yang ditemukan di lokasi pengamatan, yaitu spesies Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Cymodocea serrulata, Halodule uninervis, Halophilla ovalis. Berdasarkan analisis stok karbon diketahui bahwa stok karbon pada sedimen lamun di Pulau Sintok sebesar 0,64 g C/cm2, Pulau Menjangan Besar sebesar 0,65 g C/cm2 dan Pulau Bengkoang 0,58 g C/cm2. Perbedaan nilai stok karbon dipengaruhi beberapa faktor seperti nilai kerapatan dan tutupan lamun dan keberadaan ekosistem lain di sektiar lokasi pengamatan, This research was conducted to assess carbon stock stored in seagrass sediments on the islands of Sintok, Menjangan Besar, and Bengkoang, Karimunjawa Island. Sampling and observation were held in the seagrass ecosystem to obtain density values, cover and types of seagrass. Sediment sampling was carried out using the coring method in order to obtain carbon stock data. The carbon stock was calculated by the Loss On Ignition (LOI) method, then combined with the density and persen cover value to determine the correlation to the carbon stock value in the entire seagrass meadow area. There were six species of seagrass found at the observation site, consist of Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Cymodocea serrulata, Halodule uninervis, Halophilla ovalis. Based on carbon stock analysis, it is known that the carbon stock in seagrass sediments in Sintok Island is 0,64 g C/cm2, Menjangan Besar Island is 0,65 g C/cm2 and Bengkoang Island is 0,58 g C/cm2. The difference in the value of carbon stocks at the location of data collection is caused by several factors such as density and persen cover values, then the presence of other ecosystems around the location
Keyword: Carbon stock, Seagrass cover, Seagrass density, Seagrass species, Sediment

Judul: Estimation of Carbon Storage and Quality Index of Seagrass Ecosystem on Giligenting Island, Sumenep Regency-Madura
Abstrak: Penyerapan CO2 di atmosfer dapat melalui tumbuhan darat dan lautan dengan mekanisme fotosintesis, kemudian diubah menjadi biomassa dalam bentuk jaringan tubuh. Karbon organik lamun disimpan dalam bentuk biomassa atas dan bawah substrat yang sangat tergantung pada kondisi lingkungan seperti morfologi lamun, kerapatan, tutupan, dan tipe substrat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur nilai pendugaan cadangan karbon biomassa lamun serta menganalisis indeks kualitas ekosistem lamun di perairan Pulau Giligenting, Sumenep. Penelitian dilakukan selama Bulan Maret hingga Juli 2023 di tiga stasiun penelitian dengan metode transek garis. Data stok karbon diperoleh menggunakan metode konversi karbon yang dikaitkan dengan nilai kerapatan, persentase tutupan lamun, makroalga, dan epifit, serta karakteristik lingkungan perairan. Empat jenis lamun ditemukan di lokasi penelitian yaitu Enhalus Acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Halophila ovalis, dan Cymodocea rotundata. Kerapatan tertinggi jenis H. ovalis (44,40±75,65 ind/m2). Tutupan makroalga tertinggi di ST-1 (4,48±4,81%) dan epifit tertinggi di ST-1 (20,45±15,21%). Lamun jenis E. acoroides ditemukan di semua stasiun dengan total biomassa 175,20±45,90 gbk/m2, hal ini disebabkan kesesuaian tipe substrat berpasir di Pulau Giligenting. Pendugaan stok karbon di Pulau Giligenting adalah 3,82±0,8546 tonC, dengan rentang 0,5683±0,1715 sampai 0,7884±0,5156 tonC/ha, dan status kualitas ekosistem lamun tergolong kategori sedang., The atmospheric CO2 absorption can be through land and coastal vegetation by photosynthesis mechanisms, which are then converted into biomass in body tissues. Seagrass organic carbon is stored as aboveground and belowground biomass that highly depends on environmental conditions, such as seagrass morphology, density, coverage, and substrate types. The study aims to measure the estimated value of carbon biomass reserves and analyze the seagrass ecosystems quality index in the Giligenting waters, Sumenep District-Madura. The study was conducted from March to July 2023 at three sites using the line transect method. Carbon storage was obtained using the conversion carbon method associated with seagrass density, the percentage of seagrass, macroalgae, and epiphytes cover, and the characteristics of the waters. Four seagrass species were at the study site, namely Enhalus Acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Halophila ovalis, and Cymodocea rotundata. The highest density value by H. ovalis (44,40±75,65 ind/m2). The highest macroalgae cover at ST-1 (4,48±4,81%) and epiphyte cover at ST-1 (20,45±15,21%). E. acoroides was found in all stations, with the total biomass value reaching 175,20±45,90 gdw/m2, due to the suitability of the sandy substrate type on Giligenting Island. The carbon storage estimation of seagrass beds on Giligenting was 3,82±0,8546 MgC, with an average number of 0,5683±0,1715 to 0,7884±0,5156 MgC/ha, and the status of the seagrass ecosystem quality is classified as a moderate category.
Keyword: Biomass, Carbon Storage, Density, Morphology, Substrates

Judul: Antibodi anti-idiotipe sebagai kandidat vaksin rabies, Anti-idiotype andibody as a rabies vaccine candidate
Abstrak: Anti rabies serum (ARS) called antibody 1 (Ab1) was used as the antigen to immunize laying chickens. Anti-Ab1 chicken immunoglobulins (IgY), the antiidiotype antibodies against rabies (Ab2) was isolated from chicken blood every week for ten weeks. The highest titer of Ab2 was found at the third week after the last immunization. Immunoglobulin Y was separated by means of ammonium sulfate precipitation, then dialyzed using PBS pH 8.0 for 24 hours at 2 – 8 oC and purified using affinity chromatography column for IgY lead the proteins molecules with 185,000; 95,000 and 49,000 dalton in weigth. Purified IgY was used to immunize New Zealand White rabbit and the antibody response (Ab3) was detected using Agar Gel Precipitation Test (AGPT). The Ab3 showed specific reaction with Ab2 as well as rabies virus. Interestingly, Ab2 and rabies virus express partial identity reaction. This lead the insight, that not all parts of Ab2 are internal image of rabies virus. The efficacy of Ab3 was detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indicated that the level of Ab3 titer is protective according to WHO standard (more than 0.5 IU/ml). The conclusion of this study is the anti-idiotype antibody can induce protective immune response against rabies virus and can be used as an alternative for rabies anti-idiotype vaccine. Key words : anti-idiotype vaccine, antibody, rabies
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