Judul: Sifat dan Aktifitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Bubuk Kopi (Coffea robusta)
Abstrak: Penggunaan kopi sebagai minuman telah kita kenal sejak dulu. Ekstrak kopi yang digunakan sebagai millurnan mengandung asam organilc, kafein, liarbohidrat, mineral dari komponen aroma. Beberapa iromponen tersebut metilpunyai aktifitas anti - milrroba. iisan lsafeat dan lrhlorogenat yang juga terdapat pada kopi telah di teliti . dapat menghambat pertumbuhan -S. -cereviseae, g. coli dan -S. aureus.
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Judul: Diversity, anti Candida albicans potency and bioactive compound of Coffea canephora associated fungi
Abstrak: Tanaman kopi merupakan tanaman tropis yang menjadi komoditas unggulan dalam sub sektor perkebunan di Indonesia. Keberhasilan pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kopi ialah adanya interaksinya dengan cendawan endofit yang tumbuh pada semua jaringan tanaman dan cendawan saprob yang tumbuh pada serasah dan rizosfir tanaman. Cendawan endofit dan saprob dilaporkan menghasilkan berbagai senyawa metabolit sekunder yang diantaranya bersifat antimikrob yang menekan pertumbuhan cendawan patogen Candida albicans, penyebab penyakit kandidiasis pada manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari keanekaragaman cendawan endofit dan saprob pada tanaman kopi robusta (C.canephora), menganalisis potensinya sebagai anti C.albicans, serta menentukan dugaan senyawa aktif yang dapat mengendalikan cendawan patogen tersebut. Sebanyak 30 isolat cendawan yang memiliki karakter morfologi koloni berbeda yaitu tiga isolat dari daun, sembilan isolat dari serasah dan 18 isolat dari rizosfer. Warna koloni yang teramati bagian atas yaitu merah muda, putih, putih keabu-abuan, putih kekuningan, putih kehijauan, hijau muda dan hijau zaitun. Tekstur permukaan koloni beragam yaitu bertekstur halus, menggulung, seperti kapas, dan bergranulla. Hifa cendawan septat dan hanya membentuk spora aseksual. Kecepatan pertumbuhan koloni cepat sampai lambat. Hasil identifikasi berdasarkan karakter morfologi menunjukkan di peroleh tujuh genus yaitu Fusarium, Humicola, Neocosmopora, Rigidosporus, Talaromyces, Tricoderma, dan Xylaria. Sebanyak 17 isolat mempunyai aktivitas anti C.albicans dengan kisaran zona bening antara 2.50 mm – 15.53 mm, dua isolat tergolong dalam penghambat kuat, sembilan isolat tergolong sedang, dan enam tergolong lemah. Penghambatan tertinggi di peroleh dari cendawan Trichoderma TN- 103-1 dari rizosfer. Hasil identifikasi molekuler, 17 isolat positif anti Candida terdiri dari 11 spesies yaitu F.equiseti, F. graminearum, F. oxysporum. F. sinensis, F. solani, H. fuscoatra, R. microporus, T. macrosporus, T. hamatum, T. ovalisporum dan X. curta. Filtrat kultur cendawan dengan anti C.albicans terbaik yaitu T. hamatum TN-103-1 memiliki nilai penghambatan mirip dengan nilai penghambatan pada uji kultur yaitu sebesar 14.40 mm. Hal ini menunjukkan komponen aktif kultur terdapat pada filtrat (ekstraseluler). Filtrat diekstraksi menggunakan pelarut etil asetat dan n-heksana. Ekstrak etil asetat menghasilkan rendemen lebih kecil yaitu sebesar 0.80% dibandingkan ekstrak n-heksana (0.94%). Ekstrak etil asetat T.hamatum TN- 103-1 memiliki nilai konsentrasi hambat minimum 0.5% yang lebih aktif dibandingkan dengan ekstrak n-heksana dengan konsentrasi hambat minimun sebesar 15%, bahkan lebih baik dibandingkan kontrol positif menggunakan nistatin (100.000 U/ml) dengan konsentrasi hambat minimum yang lebih besar yaitu 1.0%. Dugaan senyawa aktif pada ekstrak etil asetat adalah 9-octadecenoic acid., Coffee is a tropical plantation plant that is an essential commodity in Indonesia. The growth and production of the coffee plant are a result of interaction between the coffee plant and endophytic fungi that grow in all plant tissues and saprobes on plant litter and in the rhizosphere. Endophytic and saprophytic fungi are reported to produce various secondary metabolites, including antimicrobials that suppress the growth of the fungal pathogen Candida albicans, the cause of candidiasis in humans. This study aims to study the diversity of endophytic fungi and saprobes on robusta coffee plants (C. canephora), analyze their potential as anti-C. albicans, and determine the suspected active compounds that can control these fungal pathogens. The total of 30 fungal isolates that had different colony morphology characters were obtained. Three isolates were isolated from the leaves,
Keyword: cendawan endofit, cendawan saprob, filtrat ekstrak, ITS rDNA, zona bening

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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