Judul: Aplikasi Eritromisin dan Kloramfenikol dalam Menekan Jumlah Campylobacter spp. dan Koliform pada Ayam yang Diinfeksi oleh Campylobacter jejuni
Abstrak: Campylobacter is one of the major pathogenic bacteria causing food poisoning that can be transmitted through poultry products. Infection C. jejuni and coliform in humans can be caused by eating contaminated food. Transmission can be achieved at the farm level with treatment suffering from campylobacteriosis in poultry, for example by administering antimicrobial. The aimed of this study was to determine the number of Campylobacter spp. and coliform in chickens were infected by C. jejuni before and after treatment with erythromycin and chloramphenicol. A total of 17 chickens kept divided into four experimental groups, namely (A) negative control, chickens were not infected by C. jejuni and without antibiotic treatment, (B) positive control, chickens were infected by C. jejuni and without antibiotic treatment, (C) chickens were infected by C. jejuni and were treated by erythromycin, and (D) chickens infected by C. jejuni and treated by chloramphenicol. Inspection was done in three times, in one day old chickens, after infection (12 days old chickens), and after treatment (17 days old chickens). The average number of Campylobacter spp. at one day old chickens was 2.0 + 0.57 MPN/g, while the average number of coliforms was 2.8 x 107 + 3.5 x 106 cfu/g. After was infected by C. jejuni, the average number of Campylobacter spp. increased to 46 + 27.15 MPN/g, while the average number of coliforms was 2.0 x 106 + 1.7 x 105 cfu/g. After treatment by erythromycin and chloramphenicol, the average number of Campylobacter spp. in both groups decreased, respectively 2.5 + 2.12 as MPN/g and 2 + 0 MPN/g, while the average number of coliforma much as 5.7 x 108 + 3.2 x 107 cfu/g and 4.3 x 108 + 1.7 x 108 cfu/g. From this research, erythromycin or chloramphenicol were effective for treatment of campylobacteriosis in chickens.
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Judul: Perhitungan Ekonomi Kejadian Campylobacteriosis pada Peternakan Ayam Broiler dengan Pengobatan Menggunakan Antibiotika (Studi Eksperimental)
Abstrak: Economic losses due to the incidence of the disease was important to know, especially for bacterial infection that the clinical symptoms not seem like Campylobacter. This study was aimed to quantify and determine the economic losses due to campylobacteriosis in poultry through experimental studies, as well as knowing the type of antibiotic that effectively overcome the incidence of campylobacteriosis. A total of 130 chicken were divided into 13 flock and get a different treatment (a) treatment group include 10 flock and each flock content of 10 chicken; (b) positive control group include 2 flock and each flock content of 2 chicken; (c) negative control group include 1 flock that content 10 chicken. The treatment that given include infection of C. jejuni from Kudus and Demak each 5 flock; and treatment with antibiotic ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and amoxicillin. The economic count through multiply the different of feed conversion rate (FCR) from control (-) and FCR from the other groups with cost of feed. Body weight and body weight gain in the control (+) lower than the control (-). FCR values of Kudus greater (1.46) than Demak (1.19). In the group of chicken infected C. jejuni from Kudus, additional feed costs incurred to form 1 kg of body weight in the control (+) is IDR 2 560.43, while the group treated with amoxicillin only IDR 250.81. In the group of chicken infected C. jejuni from Demak, additional feed costs incurred to form 1 kg of body weight in the control (+) is IDR 988.92, while the erythromycin-treated group only IDR 408.38. Amoxicillin was most beneficial for treating infections C. jejuni from Kudus. Erythromycin was most beneficial for treating infections C. jejuni from Demak.
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Judul: Relasi gender dalam hukum adat perkawinan sentana rajeg pada masyarakat Bali
Abstrak: Adat istiadat dan adat istiadat perkawinan dalam suatu masyarakat tidak bisa dihilangkan begitu saja oleh Tuhan karakteristik komposisi keluarga yang diikuti oleh masyarakat. Terkait, jika memang demikian dilihat dari komposisi keluarga di Bali yang menganut sistem keluarga paternalistik, seorang istri masuk ke dalam keluarga suaminya. Oleh karena itu, kedudukan laki-laki dalam masyarakat Bali keluarga sangat tinggi. Setiap keluarga berusaha memiliki anak laki-laki. Salah satu caranya adalah dengan Nikah nyeburin, yaitu perkawinan yang mana seorang laki-laki membuang keluarga dan kehidupannya sepenuhnya, keluarga istrinya. Kedudukan Sentana Rajeg dalam sistem pewarisan Adat istiadat Bali yang menempatkan anak perempuan sebagai ahli waris sama dengan anak laki-laki sebagai ahli waris. Meski begitu, anak perempuan tersebut hanya memiliki warisan dari orang tuanya properti. Sedangkan tugas mewakili keluarga sebagai anggota banjar, anggota desa adat, dan pura diserahkan kepada suami yang melaksanakan pernikahan nyeburin.
Keyword: Gender, Mariage balinese