Judul: Respon pertumbuhan awal legum kaliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus) terhadap pemberian Bio Enzim, bioaktivator dan asam humik
Abstrak: Peningkatan populasi ternak khususnya ruminansia harus diimbangi dengan peningkatan hijauan yang berkualitas. Leguminosa merupakan salah satu hijauan yang mempunyai protein yang tinggi sehinga pemberiannya dapat meningkatkan produktivitas ruminansia. Budidaya leguminosa hanya dapat memanfaatkan lahan¬-lahan yang marginal yang kurang subur dan masam karena lahan-lahan yang subur biasa digunakan untuk tanaman pangan dan perkebunan. Tanah latosol merupakan tanah yang miskin bahan organik, pada umumnya menyebabkan produktivitas ruminansia menurun tidak sesuai yang diharapkan, antara lain disebabkan faktor tanah yang kekurangan unsur hara, pH rendah, kapasitas tukar kation rendah. Hal ini dapat diatasi dengan penambahan bio enzim, bioaktivator dan asam humik. Bio enzim merupakan produk dagang yang mengandung enzim selulase. Enzim selulase berperan dalam mendegradasi serat sehingga dapat menyediakan unsur-unsur organik yang diperlukan tanaman untuk pertumbuhan. Bioaktivator selain mengandung enzim selulase, bioaktivator juga mengandung beberapa mikroorganisme diantaranya, mikroorganisme dekomposer yang berperan dalam memecah bahan organik sehingga mampu menyediakan unsur¬unsur yang dibutuhkkan tanaman, mikroorganisme pelarut fosfat yang dapat melarutkan fosfat yang kurang larut menjadi fosfat yang mudah larut dan mikroorganisme pemfiksasi N yaitu bakteri Rhizobium.
Keyword: Asam humik, Bioaktivator, Kaliandra Bioaktivator, Tanah latosol, Pupuk NPK Bio

Judul: Respon pertumbuhan awal legum kaliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus) terhadap pemberian bio enzim, bioaktivator dan asam humik
Abstrak: The objectives of this experiment was to study the effect of bio enzyme, bioactivator and humic acid on first growth of Kaliandra legume (Calliandra calothyrsus). The experiment used factorial Randomized Design which consisted of two factor (5 x 2) with 10 replication. The first factor was bioactivator (B1) and bio enzyme (B2) addition and the second factor was humic scid addition some concentration (D0=0 g, D1=2.5 g, D3=7.5 g, and D4=10 g).
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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