Judul: Kapasitas Maksimum Kepadatan Tanah pada Berbagai Distribusi Ukuran Partikel dan Kadar Bahan Organik Tanah dalam Kondisi Kering Udara dan Kapasitas Lapang
Abstrak: Soil consists of mineral and organic matter. The particle size distribution of soil affects the physic characteristics, while soil organic matter is important to improve the soil characteristics. One of the physical change that may occur in soil, as a result of certain forces worked to it, is soil compaction. This research aimed to determine the effect of soil particle size distribution and organic matter in soil compaction, in relation with soil physic characteristics, also to determine the influence of water content in soil compaction and its relation to soil physical properties. The simulation of soil particle size distribution and organic matter content conducted using soil, quartz, and compose. Soils collected from Ciampea, Bogor. The analysis carried out in Laboratory of Departement of Soil Science and Land Resources, Faculty of Agricultural, IPB. The research was set up using randomized design with two factors with three replications. Factor A, which consists: heavy clay, clay, sandy loam, and sand. Factor B consist of: organic matter content 0,5%; 2,5%; 5,0%; and 7,5%. Water content treatments for compaction analyzed using t-student test to compare between the dry air with field capacity compaction. The result showed that the soil particle size distribution and organic matter in soil compaction provide real effect on the maximum soil density and soil physic characteristics, which include: bulk density, total drainage pore, available water pore, permeability, penetration resistance, and compaction energy. The finer soil texture, the smaller of soil bulk density, soil permeability, and soil drainage pore. The organic matter content has an effect in decreasing bulk density, soil permeability, and increasing the available water pore. Soil moisture content has influence on soil compaction. The increase in water content during compaction caused energy required to compaction decreased. The density of soil can be seen from the soil bulk density and penetration resistance.
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Judul: Karakteristik fiska dan mekanika pada berbagai  jenis tanah
Abstrak: Soil physical properties, as well as biologrcal and chemical propwties, affect crop production and growth in relation with water availability and physical environment for plant g~owth. Also, mechanical properties of soil become important in agriculture for learning the soil carrying capacity for agricultural machinery and its effect toward rooting environment. This reseacl~ was conducted with the objective of learning the basic physical, hydraulic and mechanical properties of various types of soil and studying their interrelations with soil colloid. Research method comprise soii sampling in the'fie!d &om various locations in West Java, Central Java and South Sumatra. Analysis of physical, chemical, mineralogical and rnechanicai properties of soil with standard rnethd, was conducted in laboratory of Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Department of Agricultural Engineering Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Bogor Agricultural University fiom January to September 2003 Result of this research show that physical and mechanical properties of each soil type studied, differ from each other. The studied soils have textural classes sandy loam. loamy sand, clay, silty clay and clay loam. Soil with coarse textural class (sandy loam and loamy sand) had buld density ( I . 18 - 1.30 gr/crn3) higher than those of clay textured soit, lower total porosity (5 1.73 - 52.24%), very low Coefficient of Linear Extensibility (COLE) (0.005 - 0.001), Index of aggregate stability (IS A) ranging from very unstable to stable (39.55 - 54.47) and permeability ranging from rapid to very rapid (12.56 - 25.18 d o u r ) . Content of available water in this soil is very low (2.5 - 3.0%) Soil with medium textural class (clay loam) had lower bulk density (0.53 - 0.66 gr/cm3) as compared with bulk density of common m i n d soil, h&er tad porosity (74.30 - 78.58%) as ascompared with clay textured mil (24.5 1 - 68.16%), very high values of COLE (0.268 - 0.353). aggregate stability with ranged from very unstable to stable (32.56 - 4830) an permeability class with was somewhat rapid ( 8.87 - 10.23 cm/hour) . Content of available water in this soil is vw high (32.6 - 35.4%). Soils with clay textural class clay, silty clay and silty clay i loam) had higher bulk density (0.83 - 2.02 gr/cm ) as cumpared with medium textured soils (0.53 - 0.66 gr/cm3). COLE values ranging b m low to very high (0.020 - 0.366), aggregate stab&@ ranging fiom very unstable to very stable (3 1.44 129.551, and permeability ranging h m very slow to modemrely rapid (0.04 - 1 1 -39 cmm0ur)- Available soil water ranged liom very low to very high (3.0 - 26.5%). Most of the mils studied, had kaolinitic clay mineral. Podsolik soil of Jamga and Grumusols had smdte clay miad w h m other types of soil had mixed clay minerd (Planowl of Serang, Alluvial of Kmwang, Muvial of Brebes and Medireran of Ciampea). Soil with medium textural class (Andosd) were dominated by Allophane mineral.
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Judul: Respon Tanggap Kebal Bebek terhadap Vaksin AI H5N1 Monovalen (Clade 2.3.2) dan Vaksin AI H5N1 Bivalen (Clade 2.1.3 dan Clade 2.3.2)
Abstrak: Bebek merupakan salah satu unggas air yang dikenal sebagai reservoir virus Avian Influenza (AI). Bebek yang terinfeksi tidak memperlihatkan gejala klinis dan memiliki titer antibodi yang rendah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui titer antibodi bebek yang divaksinasi menggunakan vaksin monovalen dan bivalen. Sembilan puluh bebek dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok dan setiap kelompok berisi 30 ekor. Kelompok pertama adalah bebek yang divaksinasi dengan AI H5N1 monovalen (clade 2.3.2), kelompok kedua adalah bebek yang divaksinasi dengan AI H5N1 bivalen (clade 2.1.3 dan 2.3.2), dan ketiga adalah kontrol. Vaksinasi dilakukan pada hari ke-10 dan 31. Sepuluh sampel serum dari masing-masing kelompok dikoleksi pada hari ke-17, 21, 28, 31, 38 dan 42 dilanjutkan dengan uji Hemaglutinasi Inhibisi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa vaksin monovalen dapat menginduksi titer antibodi yang lebih tinggi dari pada vaksin bivalen pada bebek.
Keyword: bebek, hemaglutinasi inhibisi, vaksin, monovalen, bivalen