Judul: Carrying Capacity Estimation Feed of Sumatran Elephant in Corridor Bukit Tigapuluh Landscape, Jambi
Abstrak: Rapid land use changes, including deforestation and land conversion into human areas, lead to the fragmentation of Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) habitat. This study aimed to assess food capacity and determine habitat suitability for Sumatra elephants in Datuk Gedang Wildlife Corridor Bukit Tigapuluh Landscape. The research was conducted from January to May 2023. Data on potential, productivity, and carrying food capacity were collected with a direct method in the field with vegetation analysis. Carrying capacity estimation is based on data on productivity, land cover area, proper use, and Sumatran elephant food needs in a day. The habitat suitability model used the present coordinate point data from the GPS collar period of January-December 2022 with eight environment variables. The data were then analyzed for the build Sumatera Elephant habitat suitability model using the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) algorithm. We recorded 95 species of the potential Sumatran elephant food. The total feed productivity is 1,032,740.722 kg/ha /day and the carrying capacity is 258 elephants. There were three models of habitat suitability categories: high 4,238.66 ha (7%), medium 8,522.34 ha (14%), and low 11,130.36 ha (18%). The studied landscape can adequately accommodate the current population of Sumatran elephants depending on landscape governance (policy and spatial planning) outside conservation areas.
Keyword: conservation, essential ecosystem area, habitat suitability, MaxEnt, Modelling

Judul: Mapping the Habitat Suitability of the Sumatran Elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus Temminck 1847) within Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park
Abstrak: Gajah adalah spesies kunci di Taman Nasional Bukit Barisan Selatan (TNBBS). Sebagai salah satu upaya konservasi spesies ini perlu dilakukan studi kesesuaian habitat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memodelkan kesesuaian habitat dan mengidentifikasi faktor yang memengaruhi sebaran populasi gajah sumatera. Pemodelan habitat dilakukan menggunakan software Maxent, sedangkan variabel bebas yang digunakan adalah ketinggian, kelerengan, suhu, jarak dari jalan, jarak dari sungai, jarak dari perkebunan, jarak dari semak, jarak dari area terbuka, jarak dari pemukiman, serta tutupan lahan hutan yang diolah menggunakan software RStudio yang menghasilkan nilai class area, mean shape index, mean patch size, men patch fractal dimensional, dan number of patch. Titik kehadiran gajah diperoleh dari data sekunder GPS collar dari pihak BBTNBBS. Hasil pemodelan menunjukkan habitat yang sangat sesuai bagi gajah Sumatera di TNBBS yaitu seluas 16.901,61 ha dan 51.185,74 ha sebagai habitat yang sesuai. Beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi kesesuaian habitat dan sebaran populasi gajah sumatera di TNBBS yaitu ketinggian, tutupan lahan hutan, dan jarak dari sungai., The Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) plays a pivotal role as a keystone species within the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP). Conservation efforts necessitate a thorough examination of its habitat suitability. This study aims to model the habitat suitability for the Sumatran elephant and identify factors that influence the distribution of Sumatran elephant. Habitat modeling was carried out using Maxent software, while the independent variables used were height, slope, temperature, distance from roads, distance from rivers, distance from plantations, distance from bushes, distance from open areas, distance from settlements, and cultivated forest land cover using RStudio software which produces class area, mean shape index, mean patch size, mean patch fractal dimension, and number of patches. Elephant presence data were derived from secondary GPS collar data within BBSNP. The modeling results reveal extensive areas of highly suitable habitat totaling 16,901.61 ha, with an additional 51,185.74 ha identified as suitable habitat. Factors influencing habitat suitability and the distribution of the Sumatran elephant population in BBSNP include elevation, forest cover, and distance from rivers.
Keyword: Habitat suitability, modeling, sumatran elephant, BBSNP

Judul: Sintesis 1-Kloro-2-metoksi-6-propilnaftalena-1,3-dioksolana (1:1) sebagai Prekursor Asam (S)-(+)-(6-Metoksi-2-naftil)propanoat
Abstrak: Senyawa 1-kloro-2-metoksi-6-propilnaftalena-1,3-dioksolana (1:1) sebagai prekursor asam (S)-(+)-(6-metoksi-2-naftil)propanoat disintesis dari bahan awal 2-metoksinaftalena. Tahapan sintesis diawali dengan klorinasi menggunakan 2 jenis pereaksi klorinasi, yakni isosianurat terklorinasi dan NaOCl. Klorinasi dengan isosianurat terklorinasi berhasil menyintesis 1-kloro-2-metoksinaftalena sebagai produk monoklorinasi melalui pencirian dengan kromatograf gas-spektrometer massa (GC-MS). Nisbah konversi produk paling efisien diperoleh pada laju penambahan 2.5 mmol/jam. Sebaliknya, klorinasi dengan NaOCl menghasilkan produk triklorinasi. 1-Kloro-2-metoksinaftalena selanjutnya diasilasi dengan propanoil klorida, tetapi analisis dengan GC menunjukkan bahwa produk asilasi tidak terbentuk. Sistem bebas-air diperlukan untuk keberhasilan proses asilasi tersebut.
Keyword: isosianurat terklorinasi, NaOCl, nisbah konversi