Judul: Kinerja Produksi Budidaya Cacing Oligochaeta dengan Sistem Sirkulasi dan Resirkulasi
Abstrak: This research aims to analyze the effect of circulation system and recirculation system on population growth and biomass of worms, media maintenance quality, and business prospects. The treatment in this study consisted of the circulation and recirculation system. the experiment was conducted from September to December 2013 held at Miranti Fish Farm.The media used is a micture of sludge dan chicken manure 1 : 1 with the cultivation of container in the form of a wooden box with size (200x100x20) cm3 covered with blue tarp for 6 units. The fertilizer that been used is fermented chicken manure mix with tapioca flour. Manure and mud inundation conducted over 10 days and then spread the worms into the media and fertilized once every 5 days. The worms maintained for 60 days and performed sampling every 10 days. The results showed that the recirculation system treatment reached highest population and higher biomass. The highest population is at (3,4 x 106 ind./m2) in the 40 days culture periode and the highest biomass (9.27 kg/m2) reached in 60 days. In the Circulation system the highest population is 2,07 x 106 ind./m2 and the highest biomass is 9,09 kg/m2 which achieved in 60 days. Recirculation system is more viable than the circulation system, with benefits of save more water and generate higher profits.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), recirculation, population, circulation, worm, biomass

Judul: Produktivitas Budidaya Cacing Sutra (Oligochaeta) dalam Sistem Resirkulasi Menggunakan Jenis Substrat dan Sumber Air yang Berbeda
Abstrak: Tubificid worm have been used as live food which is important for ornamental fish production as well as other fish hatchery. This is because it has high protein content up to 52,49%. Many research have been done regarding tubificid culture, the result however still lower than that of natural production. The aim of this research was to increase productivity of tubificid worm in a recirculation system by using different types of substrate and source of water. This researching consisted of 4 treatments, i.e. ground water with sand substrate (SP), ground water with mud substrate (SL), catfish culture effluent with sand (LP), and catfish culture effluent with mud (LL). The research was done from May to August 2011 at Cibanteng, Laboratory of Fish Environment, and Laboratory of Fish Nutrition. Cultivation media was made by mixing the substrate and fermented chicken manure at ratio 1:1 , which drown in 2 cm height of water level. After 10 days drown the worm was stocked at 69 gram/m2. Culture period occurred was 60 days with addition of manure every 15 days. Biomass sampling was done every 15 days. The result of this research showed that biomass of worm cultured in LP medium is higher than in SP, SL, and LL, whereas in LL is the lowest biomass. Biomass growth of the worm in all treatment was significant at day 45th and 60th , where as the highest biomass (89,56 gram/m2) reached at day 45th on LP treatment.
Keyword: 

Judul: Monotonicity Properties of Trapezoid Sum Sequence on Class of Nonconvex and Nonconcave Function
Abstrak: Bernhard Riemann mendefinisikan integral tentu sebagai luas daerah di bawah kurva dari suatu fungsi real taknegatif pada sebuah interval yang tertutup dan terbatas. Beberapa alternatif yang dapat digunakan untuk menghampiri luas tersebut adalah Darboux sums melalui penjumlahan beberapa luas persegi panjang dan trapezoid sum melalui penjumlahan luas trapesium. Trapezoid sum lebih baik dalam menghampiri nilai integral untuk fungsi-fungsi yang well-behaved daripada Darboux sums. Untuk fungsi f yang bernilai real dan kontinu pada interval [a,b], f terintegral Riemann jika dan hanya jika f terintegral Darboux. Pada tesis ini ditunjukkan bahwa f terintegral Riemann jika dan hanya jika f terintegral secara trapesium. Misalkan f adalah suatu fungsi bernilai real yang kontinu pada interval [a,b]. Untuk setiap partisi P_n yang membagi [a,b] menjadi n subinterval dengan jarak yang sama, dibentuk trapezoid sum T_n (f) yang merupakan jumlah luas n trapesium sebagai pendekatan dari nilai integral f pada [a,b]. Jika f adalah fungsi konveks maka barisan trapezoid sum {T_n (f)} bersifat monoton turun dan akan bersifat monoton naik jika f fungsi konkaf. Fokus tesis ini adalah sifat kemonotonan barisan {T_n (f)} untuk fungsi f yang nonkonkaf dan fungsi f yang nonkonveks. Pada tesis ini dibuktikan sifat monoton turun dari {T_n (f)} secara generik tidak terjadi pada kelas fungsi nonkonkaf f, serta secara generik, barisan itu juga tidak monoton naik pada kelas fungsi nonkonveks. Meskipun demikian, sifat generik mengakibatkan bahwa untuk sebarang fungsi f baik di kelas fungsi nonkonkaf maupun nonkonveks, terdapat fungsi g yang menghampiri f sedemikian sehingga ekor barisan {T_n (g)} bersifat monoton. Ditunjukkan pula bahwa himpunan fungsi naik nonkonkaf dengan {T_n (f)} yang tidak monoton turun dense terhadap kelas fungsi naik nonkonkaf f. Hal tersebut juga ditunjukkan untuk himpunan fungsi turun nonkonkaf terhadap kelas fungsi turun nonkonkaf. Lalu, dibuktikan bahwa himpunan fungsi naik nonkonveks dan himpunan fungsi turun nonkonveks dengan {T_n (f)} yang tidak monoton naik, berturut-turut dense terhadap kelas fungsi naik nonkonveks dan turun nonkonveks. Himpunan-himpunan yang dense tersebut mengartikan bahwa setiap fungsi f pada kelas-kelas tersebut, dapat dihampiri oleh suatu fungsi g yang bersesuaian dengan kelas-kelas tersebut sedemikiam sehingga barisan {T_n (g)} tidak monoton., Bernhard Riemann defined definite integral as an area under the curve of a real nonnegative function on a closed bounded interval. The alternatives that can be used to estimate the area are Darboux sum which is sum of rectangular areas and trapezoid sum which is sum of trapezium areas. Trapezoid sum is better than Darboux sum as approximations toward the integral of well-behaved functions. Let f be a real valued continuous function on interval [a,b], f is Riemann integrable if and only if it is Darboux integrable. In this master’s thesis, it showed that f is Riemann integrable if and only if it is trapezium integrable. Let f be a real valued continuous function on interval [a,b]. For each partition P_n that divides the interval [a,b] into n equal length subintervals, defined trapezoid sum T_n (f) which is the total of n trapezium areas as an approach of integral value f on [a,b]. If f is a convex function then the trapezoid sum sequence {T_n (f)} is decreasing
Keyword: monotonicity, nonconcave, nonconvex, trapezoid sum