Judul: Model Simulasi Perawatan Mesin dan Fasilitas Industri
Abstrak: Perawatan mesin merupakan kegiatan memelihara fasilitas atau peralatan pabrik, mengadakan perbaikan, penyesuaian atau pergantian yang diperlukan supaya terdapat keadaan operasi yang memuaskan. Permasalahan utama perawatan mesin yaitu biaya perawatan yang tinggi . Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan efisiensi pada bagian perawatan mesin melalui penggunaan mesin yang ekonomis dan efisiensi terhadap antrian perbaikan mesin di bengkel. Dalam ha1 ini teknik yang digunakan adalah teknik analitis melalui metode simulasi. Simulasi kejadian pada antrian di bengkel dengan tingkat waktu antar kedatangan kerusakan rata - rata 39.58 jam per kerusakan, waktu perbaikan per kerusakan listrik rata - rata .- 67.35 jam dengan keragaman 15.88 jam, waktu perbaikan per kerusakan mekanik r a t a - r a t a 41.19 jam dengan keragaman 30.88 jam, dan kemungkinan t e r j a d i kerusakan l i s t r i k 0.30 s e r t a kemungkinan t e r j a d i kerusakan mekanik 0.70, diperoleh h a s i l bahwa r a t a - r a t a lama mesin berada d i bengkel l i s t r i k 71.06 jam dan di bengkel mekanik 46.58 jam, waktu tunggu r a t a - r a t a mesin untuk d i p e r b a i k i 5 jam dan panjang a n t r i a n d i bengkel l i s t r i k 0.03 dan dibengkel mekanik 0.10.
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Judul: Analisa Kebijakan Perawatan Pencegahan Mesin Pengering Teh Pada Pabrik teh Sedep, Bandung
Abstrak: Penelitian ini merupakan satu contoh penerapan tehnik penelitian operasional pada proses pengambilan keриtusan mengenai kebijakan perawatan (maintenance) pada suatu pabrik. Mesin pengering teh penurunan efisiensinya dapat ditunjukkan oleh kenaikan penggunaan bahan bakar. Salah satu penyebab kenaikan tersebut adalah penebalan lapisan kerak sisa pembakaran yang menempel pada dinding pipa pemanas. Untuk membersihkannya diperlukan perawatan. Ada dua alternatif kebijakan perawatan mesin pengering pada Pabrik Teh Sedep yang harus dipilih, dengan konsekuensi biaya masing-masing. Alternatif pertama, tidak melakukan perawatan pada selang waktu overhaul, dengan konsekuensi, terjadi kenaikan biaya bahan bakar. Alternatif kedua, dengan melakukan perawatan, kenaikan biaya bahan bakar dapat lebih kecil, tetapi harus dikeluarkan biaya perawatan. Analisa dengan menggunakan model programasi dinamis menunjukkan bahwa alternatif kedua lebih baik karena dapat menghemat biaya sebesar Rp 5 266 243.50 dan interval perawatan adalah 5376 jam setelah overhaul.
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Judul: Phylogeography and Species Limits in the Papuan White Snake (Micropechis ikaheka) (Reptilia: Serpentes: Elapidae)
Abstrak: Papua white snake, Micropechis ikaheka, has been distingushed into two subspecies M.i. ikaheka and M.i. fasciatus. However, due to lack of data on their morphology, distribution and ecology, both subspecies often ignored in scintific discussions and refers only byas , Micropechis ikaheka. This study was designed to document the differences between M.i. ikaheka and M.i fasciatus by using scales characteristics and reproductive organ or hemipenes. The study also examine, zoogeography, habitat, diet and cannibalism of both subspecies to better understanding the the ecology of one of the most venomous snakes in the world. This study consists of three topics with method and also different in the size samples, respectively. The first study is the histology and microtopography of the skin were studied using paraffin method and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The second is the hemipenis were examined by following Myers and Cadle (2003), and Zaher and Prudente (2003). The third is the abdominal surgery was carried out to document diet type and the investigate phenomenon of cannibalism in the snake. Specimens for this study came from the collection from Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB) and Universitas Negeri Papua’s Laboratory (LZU). The research result also indicated that the markers of skin and hemipenis described the same structure and microornamentation in all M. ikaheka groups being compared. Based specimens examined morphological descriptions do not s support the further differentiation in Micropechis. In short, two markers that used in this study could not sufficiently indicate the differences in the level of species and subspecies of M. ikaheka. The study, however, were able to delineate zoogeography and skin color patterns, which fall into four groups: M. i. ikaheka; M. i. fasciatus. M. i. ssp. “intermediate”; and M. i. ssp “black”. This study also revealed that color variations did not overlap in their geographic distribution. It is therefore, it suggested that environmental factors may contribute to the skin color variations. It also assumed that habitat discontinuous and biogeography factors may also cause the loss of the connection between the original populations (vicarians) or follow colonization events (dispersal). The examined of 22 stomach contents of M. ikaheka shows this species is carnivorous, and prey on vertebrates such as amphibians, fish, reptiles, and Mammals. These snakes are opportunistic predators since they prey on all that can be captured, but mainly reptiles (61.5%), followed by mammals and fish (both 15.4%), and amphibians (7.7%). Although categorized as terrestrial animal, the diet study showed that M. ikaheka snakes often go into the water to hunt for fish (the sample from Yapen island), including eel (the sample from Aru island). Based on prey items indentified, there is evidence that M. ikaheka is cannibal. At this time, there still no record on reason for cannibalism, but it is assumed that cannibalism was due to competition between populations and means to control population.
Keyword: geographic variation, white snake, papua