Judul: Nutrient Digestibility of Late Pregnancy Local Ewes Fed  Flushing Ration with Different Frequency
Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi kecernaan nutrien pada domba lokal fase akhir kebuntingan yang diberi ransum flushing dengan frekuensi pemberian yang berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan 12 domba lokal fase akhir kebuntingan, dengan rataan bobot badan 49,96 kg ± 9,67. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 4 x 3, yaitu P1 (tanpa flushing), P2 (flushing pada saat sebelum dan sesudah kawin), P3 (flushing pada saat sebelum dan sesudah kawin, dan pertengahan kebuntingan), dan P4 (flushing pada saat sebelum dan sesudah kawin, pertengahan, dan akhir kebuntingan). Konsentrat flushing mengandung 2% minyak kelapa dan 5% minyak ikan lemuru. Parameter yang diukur yaitu konsumsi nutrien dan kecernaan nutrien. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan apabila berbeda nyata diuji lanjut menggunakan uji Duncan. Hasil menunjukkan perlakuan nyata mempengaruhi (P<0,05) konsumsi lemak kasar dan kecernaan bahan kering, protein kasar, serat kasar, dan BETN, tetapi tidak nyata mempengaruhi konsumsi bahan kering, protein kasar, serat kasar, dan BETN, serta kecernaan lemak kasar. P3 meningkatkan kecernaan bahan kering, protein kasar, serat kasar, dan BETN. P4 meningkatkan konsumsi lemak kasar dan cenderung meningkatkan kecernaan lemak kasar, The aim of this research was to evaluate the nutrient digestibility of late pregnancy local ewes given flushing ration with different frequency. This research used 12 local ewes in the late pregnancy, with average body weight 49,96 ± 9,67 kg. This research used a Randomized block design (RBD) with 4 x 3 . The treatments were P1 (without flushing), P2 (flushing at the before and after mating), P3 (flushing at the before and after mating, and middle of pregnancy), and P4 (flushing at the before and after mating, middle, and end of pregnancy). Concentrate flushing containing 2% coconut oil and 5% Lemuru fish oil. The measured parameters were nutrient consumption and nutrient digestibility. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and any significant differences were further tested using Duncan Test. The result showed that the treatments significantly affected (P<0,05) the consumption of crude fat and digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, and N-free extract, but it did not affect the consumption of dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, and N-free extract, as well as the digestibility of crude fat. In conclusion, P3 increased digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, and N-free extract. P4 increased nutrient consumption of crude fat.
Keyword: Flushing, Lemuru fish oil, local ewes, nutrient consumption, nutrient digestibility

Judul: The Effect of Different Flushing Management on Local Ewes Production Perfromance During Pregnancy
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh manajemen flushing yang berbeda terhadap performa produksi induk domba lokal selama bunting. Penelitian ini menggunakan 16 domba betina laktasi kedua dengan rata-rata bobotnya 30,06 ± 6,20 kg dan ditempatkan di kandang individu. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 kelompok. Perlakuan terdiri atas P1 = tanpa flushing, P2 = flushing sebelum dan setelah dikawinkan, P3= flushing sebelum dan setelah dikawinkan, serta di tengah kebuntingan, P4 = flushing sebelum dan setelah dikawinkan, ditengah dan diakhir kebuntingan. Rasio hijauan : konsentrat dalam ransum adalah 30 : 70 % berdasarkan bahan kering. Peubah yang diamati meliputi konsumsi nutrien, body condition score (BCS), pertambahan bobot badan harian (PBBH), efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan, dan income over feed cost (IOFC). Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap konsumsi bahan kering, konsumsi protein kasar, konsumsi serat kasar, konsumsi Beta-N, BCS, PBBH, efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan, dan nilai IOFC. Manajemen flushing berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap konsumsi lemak kasar, konsumsi total digestible nutrient (TDN), dan perubahan nilai BCS sebelum dan setelah flushing. Disimpulkan bahwa manajemen flushing yang berbeda dengan penambahan minyak ikan lemuru sebelum dan setelah kawin, ditengah, dan diakhir kebuntingan mampu meningkatkan dan memperbaiki performa produksi induk domba lokal serta menghasilkan keuntungan yang paling tinggi., The aim of this research was to analyze the effect of different flushing management on local ewes production perfromance during pregnancy. This research used 16 second lactating local ewes, average weight was 30,06 ± 6,20 kg and placed in individual cages. This research used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 4 treatments and 4 replications. P1 = without flushing, P2 = flushing during before and after matting, P3 = flushing during before and after matting, and in the middle of pregnancy, P4 = flushing during before and after matting, in the middle and end of pregnancy. Ratio forages and concentrate in the ration were, 30:70 % dry matter basis. The parameter observed were nutient consumption, body condition score (BCS), body weight gain (BWG), feed utilization efficiency, and income over feed cost (IOFC). The data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan test. The results showed that the treatment did not significant effect (P>0,05) on consumption of dry matter, consumption of crude protein, consumption of crude fiber, consumption of Beta-N, BCS, BWG, feed utilization efficiency, and IOFC. Flushing management had significant effect (P<0,05) on consumption of crude fat, consumtion of total digestible nutrient (TDN), and difference of BCS before and after flushing. It was concluded that different flushing management with the addition of lemuru fish oil before and after matting, in the middle and end of pregnancy increased and improved production perfromance of local ewes, and produced the highest profit.
Keyword: Flushing management, Body condition score, Production performance

Judul: Pembuatan Film Tipis Cu2ZnSnS4 sebagai Lapisan Penyerap Cahaya pada Sel Surya Menggunakan Metode Elektrodeposisi
Abstrak: Thin film of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is an alternative semiconductor used as light absorber layer on solar cell. CZTS can replace silicon that commonly used as commercial semiconductor. The advantage of using CZTS as absorber layer is due to the abundance of its chemical composer on earth, and its high value of absorption coefficient. The absorber layer was made by using electrodeposition method on ITO glass substrates. The films were deposited at room temperature using potentiostatic mode with a potential of –1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes. After that, the films were annealed at two different temperatures, 180 ºC and 500 °C, for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. Based on X-ray diffraction analysis, the polycrystalline thin film obtained fall into kesterite crystal phase. This type of crystal was obtained when the CZTS was annealed at 500 °C in H2S/N2 atmosphere. The value of optical band gap energy for the CZTS thin film was 2.2 eV with the film thickness about 1.228–6.366 μm. The sample of CZTS with electrodeposition time of 45 minutes and annealing temperature of 500 °C showed the best result and in conformity with absorber layers criteria for solar cells.
Keyword: semiconductor, ITO glass, CZTS thin film, electrodeposition