Judul: Pemetaan Indeks Kekeringan dan Pola Tanam Menggunakan Metode Palmer (Studi Kasus: Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: Drought is closely related to rainfall decrease could affect the decline in rice production in one of rice production centers: West Java. This research aims to determine the drought level, drought index distribution map, and cropping pattern in West Java. Monthly rainfall, monthly average temperature, soil type, and land use data is processed by Palmer method. The highest value index is 22 and the lowest is -34. Area with the highest drought level is Northern area of West Java, while the central and southern part of West Java area tends to be wet. Peak of the drought occurs in August and September. On the strong El Nino years, the rainfall value becomes lower followed by drought index value. In the non-irrigated land, cropping patterns that can be applied is paddy-paddy-crop with the beginning of the season in November, while for the irrigated land rice can be planted up to three times a year. In the non-irrigated land at the north area that tends to be dryer, cropping patterns that can be applied is paddy-crop-crop with the beginning of planting season in December, if conditions are adequate irrigation of rice can be planted two or three times a year.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), El Nino, Palmer index, drought, cropping pattern.

Judul: Analysis of Meteorological and Agricultural Drought Rate of Rice Field on Java Island Using SPI and VHI
Abstrak: Pulau Jawa memiliki iklim tropis dengan tanah yang di dominasi dataran rendah sehingga memiliki potensi untuk budidaya tanamanan padi. Kekurangan air pada tanaman padi dapat menyebabkan berkurangnya produktivitas padi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengindentifikasi sebaran spasial dan kategori kekeringan meteorologi dan pertanian pada tahun normal, El Nino kuat, dan El Nino lemah. Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan teknologi cloud computing, yakni Google Earth Engine dengan melihat sejumlah citra satelit MODIS melalui band Enhance Vegetation Index (EVI) dan Land Surface Temperature (LST) serta data curah hujan CHIRPS. EVI dan LST kemudian diolah menjadi Vegetation Health Index (VHI) sementara data CHIRPS diolah menjadi data SPI-1. SPI-1 menunjukan distribusi kekeringan meteorologi di Jawa pada 4 periode musim, dengan periode SON (September-Oktober-November) memiliki nilai SPI-1 terendah mencapai - 1,05 termasuk dalam kategori kekeringan sedang. VHI menunjukan distribusi kekeringan pertanian di Jawa juga pada 4 periode musim, dengan periode SON memiliki nilai VHI terendah dalam rentang 10 hingga 20 termasuk dalam kategori kekeringan kuat., Java island has a tropical climate with low-land dominated all around so is potential for rice cultivation. Water deficiency of rice plants will cause lower rice productivity. This research aims to identify spatial distribution and drought categories of meteorological and agricultural when normal year, strong El Nino year, and weak El Nino year. Research conducted by uses of cloud computing technology, that is Google Earth Engine to see a number of MODIS satellite imagery at Enhance Vegetation Index (EVI) band and Land Surface Temperature (LST) band and CHIRPS precipitation data. EVI and LST than process to be Vegetation Health Index (VHI) while CHIRPS data process to be SPI-1. SPI-1 show meteorological drought distribution on Java in 4 seasons period, there is SON (September-October-November) has lowest SPI-1 value by -1,05 in intermediate drought category. VHI show agriculture drought distribution on Java so in 4 seasons period, there is SON has lowest VHI value by range 10 to 20 in strong drought category.
Keyword: Drought, El Nino, SPI, VHI

Judul: Case Study of Gallbladder Mucocele and Treatment Used In Small Animals
Abstrak: Gallbladder mucocele (GM) is defined as distention of the gallbladder caused by an inappropriate accumulation or deposition of high concentrations of bile. The purpose of this case study is to study GM conditions in small animals and to report the clinical sign and characteristics of GM through the sonogram interpretation and blood chemistry test evaluation, and studies related to the therapy given and other treatments recommended. A 14-year-old Toy Poodle dog has been diagnosed with severe GM and cholecystitis. No pain signs were shown during the physical examination as asymptomatic is a common characteristic in the early stage of biliary related diseases. In this study Abdominal ultrasonography interpretation and blood chemistry evaluation was conducted in 2021-2022 and analyzed as a secondary data source. Ultrasonography results showed presence of hyperechoic, immobile deposits in gallbladder accompanied by wall thickening and enlarged in size, followed by a significant increase in the enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP). This study has summarized mainly the diagnosis and treatments of GM in small animals and suitable alternatives treatments were recommended to encounter the GM conditions in small animals. The effectiveness of combined therapy shows the positive impact on the patient, the condition of GM has been under control.
Keyword: ultrasound, gallbladder, biliary sludge, abdominal ultrasonography