Judul: Bioekonomic Analysis on the Impact of Fish Aggregation Device for the Sustainable of Tuna Kecil Fisheries (Case Study at the Palabuhanratu Bay Area, Sukabumi Regency).
Abstrak: The research aims to determine the impact of using fish aggregation device in the Palabuharatu bay. The study uses a bioeconomic approach and simulation. Using Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) teqchnique, the dynamic trajectory of resources as well as the phase plane between input and output calculated with the computer programs, Maple 9.5 and Excell. The result of the study showed that little tuna and skipjack tuna fisheries in the Palabuhanratu bay area has been experiencing both severe biological and economic over fishings. Calculation of degradation rate coefficient of the fishery that the resource at average 0,2596 per year. The existence of fish aggregation device increases yield around 11,79 % and decrease the effort level 10 10,54 %. Dynamic analysis shows the relation between stock and effort on the exploitation of little tuna and skipjack tuna fisheries in Pelabuhanratu bay, showed in third quadrant e.\ploi/otion (increasing effort causing decreasing stock), stock trajecto/y and effort have Ihe same pattern on the condition of before and afier implemented of fish aggregation device. Increasing slack will be reached if there is decreasing on effort
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Judul: An Analysis of Little Tuna Resources Management Options in the East Coast of Minahasa, North Sulawesi Province
Abstrak: Presently, the utilization of little tuna resource in the Minahasa coastal waters is not well managed by the local fisheries authority. In the other word, the local government has not sufficient capacity to protect their local fish resources. The management regime used by the local government is quasi open access regime which no control on fisheries capacity in terms of input and output. In this regards, this study can contribute in giving alternative scenario to manage little tuna resources in study area. Using Gordon-Schaefer model, it has been revealed that the Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) is estimated at the level of 744.27 ton, while Maximum Economic Yield (MEY) 267.73 tons, Optimum Sustainable Yield (OSY) 275.90 tons and Open Access Yield (OAY) 476.02 tons respectively. In terms of effort, theses level would be 9,453 trips; 1,889 trips; 1,954 trips; and 3,778 trips. From the stekholders analysis, it can be also obtaiend that directorate general of capture fisheries (national level), marine and fisheries service (regional level), regional legislative, fisheries and marine service, regional planning and development board, non goverment organization, private sectors, fishing boat owner and fishermen group (local level) are the most strategic stakeholders. Based on this identification, therefere, trade-off analysis on management scenarios has been undertaken. From the actual condition, it has been indicated that actual production level has been excessed the level of MSY. It can be said that the actual condition of resources utilitization has been biological overfished. From the effort point of view, the condition of actual effort also has been excessed the level of OAY or has been economically overfished. Furthermore, optimal economic rent can be achieved when little tuna management is operated MEY and OSY level. From the results of trade-off analysis, it can be revealed that output control scenario can be considered as the best scenario due to its total score more than input control scenario and output- input control scenario. However, in the real implementation, the output control scenario and input control scenario can be implemented if the government reducing the production is 718.70 tons, 533.24 tons and its effort level is 7,772 trips, 10,150 trips respectively.
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Judul: Prenilasi Senyawa β-Diketon sebagai Prekursor 3-Prenilflavon
Abstrak: One group of flavonoids that has not been commonly synthesized is 3- prenylflavone. The main objective of this experiment was to synthesize precursor of 3-prenylflavone. Firstly, β-diketone was synthesized via 4 steps from phenol as starting compound with total yield of 24%. Prenylation of β-diketone with prenyl bromide and K2CO3 base produced 4 fractions which were separated by using preparative thin layer chromatography (PTLC) with n-hexane:EtOAc (8:2) as the eluent. Fraction with Rf = 0.80 was further separated by using preparative PTLC with n-hexane:EtOAc (99:1) as the eluent. Two fractions were obtained with Rf = 0.38 and 0.42. The first fraction has been characterized as diprenylated β-diketone with 49% yield. Application of protecting group on the phenolic OH group in β- diketone are needed to obtain monoprenylated β-diketone which can be further cyclized into 3-prenylflavone
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