Judul: Pengoptimalan Sintesis Glukosamina Hidroklorida Berbasis Kitosan
Abstrak: In this study, glucosamine hydrochloride has been synthesized based on chitosan hydrolysis using HCl. The reaction time, temperature, and HCl concentration were varied and investigated. The Box Behnken method response surface design was used via Minitab 14 software to evaluate the synthesis yield. Glucosamine hydrochloride content in the resulting products were ranging from 75.10 to 99.37%. The result showed that the optimum reaction time, temperature, HCl concentration was obtained when the reaction was carried out using 4 N HCl at 90 °C in 140 minutes.
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Judul: Sintesis Gel Kitosan - Hialuronat
Abstrak: As a polycation, chitosan can form macromolecular complexes with polianions such as hyaluronate. However, the film produced are unstable in acidic and basic conditions that modification is needed to improve the rheological properties. Modification was done in this study by adding glutaraldehyde as chitosan crosslinker.The rheological properties measured ware gel strength, break point, rigidity, swelling, and shrinking. The hyaluronate solutions ware made with consentrations of 0; 0.5; and 1.0% in lactic acid 18% (v/v). Chitosan was then added into each solution until its concentration reached 2.0%. Afterwards, glutaraldehyde 1.0; 2.0; and 3.0% (v/v) was added, to form gel. Chitosan used in this reseach had molecular wight of 7.53 × 105 g mol-1 with moisture content of 11.56% and deacetylation of degree 88.48%. Hyaluronate had molecular wight of 6.33 × 105 g mol-1with moisture content of 13.11%. The optimum chitosan-hyaluronate gel was at 2.0% of chitosan, 0.3 % of hyaluronate and 1.4% (v/v) of glutaraldehyde with gel strength, break point, rigidity, swelling, and shrinking 678.4 g cm-2, 1.294 cm, 5.033 g cm-1, 2.634 g, and 0.148 g, respectively.
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Judul: Ekologi merak hijau jawa (Pavo muticus muticus) Linnaeus 1758 pada beberapa tipe habitat di Ujung Timur Penyebarannya Jawa Timur, Indonesia
Abstrak: Merak hijau jawa merupakan salah satu jenis burung yang dilindungi.di Indonesia berdasarkan SK Mentan No 66/Kpts/Um/2/1973 dan Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia No 7 tahun 1999. Menurut ICBP (The International Council for Bird Preservation) merak hijau sebagai jenis burung yang tergolong terancam secara keseluruhan (globally threatened) baik populasi maupun habitatnya, sedangkan CITES mencantumkan merak hijau ke dalam Appendix II, merak hijau dari alam tidak bisa langsung diperdagangkan dan BirdLife International (2007) memasukkan golongan burung yang endangered. Tekanan terhadap populasi dan habitat merak hijau jawa sangat besar, sehingga kondisi populasinya menurun pada setiap penyebaran lokalnya, habitatnya terfragmentasi bahkan terisolasi. Tekanan terhadap populasi terutama karena perburuan liar. Namun demikian fakta menunjukan bahwa merak hijau jawa masih ada (exist), hal ini memberikan gambaran bahwa burung ini tentunya memiliki strategi ekologi tertentu untuk tetap bertahan hidup di alam pada berbagai tipe habitat.
Keyword: Pavo muticus muticus, Call count transect method, Pavo cristatus, Pavo muticus, Pavo muticus spicifer, Pavo muticus imperator, Pavo muticus muticus, Javan Green Peafowl, East Java