Judul: Pengaruh Inokulum Bacillus thuringiensis terhadap Perubahan Struktur Usus Tengah Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera litura F.)
Abstrak: Bacillus thuringiensis was known as biocontrol agent of cotton leafworm growth. B. thuringiensis isolate produced protein crystal as Cry protein which on alkaline condition caused epitel cell in the midgut of cotton leafworm swelled. The aim of this research was to know the effect of B. thuringiensis inoculum from different subspesies to cotton leafworm and the histopatology change in its midgut. Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai (Bta), B. thuringiensis subsp. pakistani (Btp), B. thuringiensis 47 (Bt47), and B. thuringiensis Lot 2 (BtL2) were tested to 3rd instar larvae. The structures of its midgut were observed at 0, 24th, 48th, 72nd, 96th and 120th hours. They were preparated by Paraffin method and Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. Generally, all 0 hour treatments showed the similar condition with control which the peritrophic membrane and epithelial cells below were still normal. The peritrophic membrane was dissapear at 24th hours, followed by the swelling of epithelial cells and its cores at 48th till 72nd hours. At 96th and 120th hours, the epithelial cells were lysis and disintegrated. The BtL2 isolate had the highest and fastest damages, followed simultantly by Bta, Bt47, and Btp.
Keyword: Spodoptera litura, midgut, histopathology, acillus thuringiensis

Judul: Efektivitas Protoksin Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai, Konidia Beauveria bassiana, dan Campurannya terhadap Ulat Grayak Spodoptera litura F.
Abstrak: Armyworm or (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) is one of main pest in plant crop. This pest might cause damage on the leaves and stems and reduce of crop production. Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai and Beauveria bassiana have been known as biocontrol agent to this pest. This research was aimed to observe the production time of B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai toxin, measure the effect of toxin against Be. bassiana conidia, to test the activity of toxin, conidia and their mixture against S. litura. B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai was grown on specific medium for B. thuringiensis. Toxin production of the isolate was measured every 4 hours up to 48 hours incubation. Be. bassiana was grown on the white rice medium and its conidia was grown on the Potato Dextrose Agar medium containing toxin. The activity test of toxin B. thuringiensis, Be. bassiana conidia, and their mixture was done by spraying them to S. litura larvae. The stasionary phase of B. thuringiensis was obtained at 16 hours incubation and the maximal toxin production at 48 hours. The highest mortality of S. litura larvae caused by toxin activity was 63.3% at 48 hours incubation. The highest mortality caused by conidia infection activity was 80% at the concentration of 108 conida ml-1. The highest mortality caused by their mixture was 96,7%.
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Judul: Sistem Keamanan Parkir Berbasis RFID dan Standar Nirkabel IEEE 802.11b/g Menggunakan Raspberry Pi
Abstrak: Jumlah kendaraan bermotor meningkat setiap tahunnya dan juga tempat parkir. Area parkir dan pengelolaan yang tidak tepat dapat menyebabkan pencurian kendaraan bermotor. Penelitian ini mengusulkan suatu sistem manajemen keamanan parkir yang dapat membantu untuk mengurangi pencurian kendaraan bermotor. Sistem ini terdiri atas sebuah gerbang yang dikendalikan oleh komputer, radio frequency identification (RFID), dan aplikasi berbasis web yang terhubung ke tempat parkir melalui standar nirkabel IEEE 802.11b/g. Setiap pengendara harus memiliki kartu RFID untuk memasuki tempat parkir. Pengendara akan mendekatkan kartu pada RFID card reader dan sistem akan mencatat semua kegiatan. Sistem ini menggunakan Raspberry Pi Model B sebagai pengganti desktop komputer untuk mencatat dan memantau kegiatan pengendara. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sistem dapat diandalkan dengan akurasi 100% dan waktu proses rata-rata 6.12 detik. Seluruh sistem dapat bekerja dengan baik dalam kondisi yang mungkin terjadi pada empat skenario pengujian, yaitu: pengujian pembacaan kartu RFID, pegujian posisi kartu RFID, pegujian waktu respon, dan pengujian akurasi/kehandalan.
Keyword: IEEE 802.11b/g, Raspberry Pi, RFID, Vehicle parking system, Manajemen keamanan, Parkir, Radio frequency identification, Nirkabel IEEE