Judul: Efektivitas Anestetikum Kombinasi Zoletil-Ketamin-Xylazin pada Babi Lokal (Sus domestica) Indonesia
Abstrak: The purpose of this research was to evaluate the potential of zoletil-ketamine-xylazine combination as anesthetic in Indonesian local pig. Nine local pigs were subjected to three groups of treatment. Each group consisted of three pigs. The first groups (A) anesthetized with ketamine-xylazine combination (ketamine 15 mg/kg BB and xylazine 2 mg/kg BB). The second group (B) anesthetized with zoletil-ketamine-xylazine combination (zoletil 4 mg/kg BB, ketamine 2 mg/kg BB, and xylazine 2 mg/kg BB). The third group (C) anesthetized with ketamine-xylazine (ketamine 10 mg/kg BB and xylazine 1 mg/kg BB). The measured variables were symptoms during the induction symptoms, onset and duration anesthesia, body temperature, heart rate, and respiration frequency. However anesthesia protocol of group C were unable to anesthetized the Indonesian local pigs. The combination of lower dose ketamine-xylazine in group C only resulted in sedated condition. The results showed that were no significant difference between the treatment groups A and B.
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Judul: Efektivitas Anestetikum Kombinasi Medetomidin Dengan Ketamin Pada Kucing Lokal (Felis Domestica) Indonesia
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas anestetikum kombinasi medetomidin dengan ketamin pada kucing lokal (Felis domestica). Sebanyak dua puluh ekor kucing yang telah dewasa kelamin dengan bobot badan 3-5 kg dibagi menjadi empat perlakuan dan masing-masing perlakuan menggunakan lima ekor kucing sebagai ulangan. Kelompok tersebut ialah kucing percobaan yang tidak mendapatkan anestesi (Kontrol), kucing percobaan yang disuntik ketamin dengan dosis 20 mg/kg BB (perlakuan 1), kucing percobaan yang disuntik medetomidin dengan dosis 0.15 mg/kg BB (perlakuan 2), dan kucing percobaan yang disuntik dengan medetomidin dosis 0.1 mg/kg BB dan sesaat setelahnya disuntik dengan ketamin dosis 10 mg/kg BB (perlakuan 3). Sediaan anestetikum diberikan pada kucing secara intramuskuler (IM). Parameter yang diamati terdiri atas onset, durasi, frekuensi napas, frekuensi jantung, dan suhu rektal. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi anestesi medetomidin-ketamin memiliki efektivitas yang lebih baik jika dibandingkan dengan anestesi ketamin maupun medetomidin. Anestesi kombinasi medetomidin-ketamin memiliki onset yang lebih cepat sekitar 3 menit dibandingkan medetomidin dan sekitar 8 menit dibandingkan ketamin. Kucing yang disuntik kombinasi medetomidin-ketamin memiliki durasi yang lebih lama sekitar 78 menit dibandingkan medetomidin dan sekitar 172 menit dibandingkan ketamin. Anestesi kombinasi medetomidin-ketamin menghasilkan tekanan yang minimal terhadap kondisi fisiologis tubuh yang meliputi fungsi pernapasan, fungsi jantung, dan suhu tubuh. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini ialah kombinasi medetomidin-ketamin efektif digunakan sebagai alternatif sediaan anestesi pada kucing lokal.
Keyword: anestesi, ketamin, kombinasi, kucing, medetomidin

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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