Judul: The Effect of Demographic Variables and Gender Equality on the Welfare of Indonesian
Abstrak: Penduduk merupakan pelaku utama dan memegang peran penting dalam proses pembangunan dan kesejahteraan. Hal tersebut karena pembangunan diwujudkan oleh dan untuk semua penduduk tanpa terkecuali, baik penduduk lakilaki maupun perempuan. Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan menjadi komitmen negara-negara di dunia termasuk Indonesia dalam menjaga peningkatan kesejahteraan ekonomi masyarakat secara berkesinambungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variabel demografi dan kesetaraan gender terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat di Indonesia selama periode tahun 2010-2019. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif untuk memberikan gambaran kondisi demografi dan kesetaraan gender serta analisis data panel untuk menganalisis pengaruh variabel demografi dan kesetaraan gender terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat di Indonesia. Hasil estimasi regresi data panel menunjukkan bahwa variabel rasio ketergantungan, kepadatan penduduk, IPG, dan IDG mampu memengaruhi kesejahteraan melalui PDRB per kapita secara nyata dan signifikan. Namun, hasil estimasi model menunjukkan variabel laju pertumbuhan penduduk tidak berpengaruh terhadap PDRB per kapita., The population is the main actor and have an important role in development and welfare process. This is because development is realized by and for all people without exception, both male and female. The Sustainable Development Goals are the commitment of countries in the world, including Indonesia, in maintaining the continuous improvement of the economic welfare for society. This study aims to analyze the effect of demographic variables and gender equality on people's welfare in Indonesia during 2010-2019 period. The analytical method used descriptive analysis to provide an overview of demographic conditions and gender equality as well as panel data analysis foranalyze the influence of demographic variables and gender equality on the public welfare in Indonesia. The results of the panel data regression estimation show that the variables of dependency ratio, population density, GPI, and IDG are able to show obvious and significantly affect welfare through GRDP per capita. However, the estimation results of the model show that the variable population growth rate has no effect on GRDP per capita.
Keyword: Panel data, Demographics, Welfare, Gender Equality, GDRP per capita

Judul: Dampak Ketimpangan Gender terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Indonesia.
Abstrak: Gender is a difference behaviours between men and women are not determined by biological differences, but by the socio-cultural environment, politics and economics. Gender inequality persists in all aspects of life in Indonesia, there are gaps between the achievement of the benefits of development on women and men related to basic human needs for jobs, education, and health. This is despite the fact there is a fairly rapid progress in gender equality today. The nature and extent of discrimination varies in different regions / provinces. According to the United Nations Development Programme (2010), there is no one else in the area of third world countries women have enjoyed equal rights in the legal, social and economic. Gender inequality in education among other things, employment, access to resources, economic power, and political participation. Women bear the heaviest burden due to inequality, but inequality is detrimental basically everyone and ultimately harm the economy of a country. Indonesia is one country that is experiencing a rapid development in reducing disparities in education between men and women that is characterized by the narrowing gap between men and women in educational attainment levels. However, the level of productivity and labor force participation of women is still low. The role of women in development needs to be considered in national and regional development policies. Because of the increased role of women has a significant impact in breaking the vicious circle of poverty. Improvement of human quality of education of women in particular is an important issue because it determines the quality of life for future generations. The objectives of this research are to analyze the gender inequality in Indonesia by using Gender Development Index (GDI), to analyze the effect of gender gaps in education and employment (proxied by using gender gap in mean years of schooling and labor force participation) on economic growth. This research uses panel data from 30 provinces during 2003-2012. Gender inequality index is represented by a proxy of ratio GDI to HDI. Descriptive analysis results show that there are gender inequality, there are still distances between Human Development Index (HDI) and Gender Development Index (GDI). Econometric analysis with FEM (Fixed Effect Model) determines that there are positive and significant effect of education, female-male mean years of schooling, employment, female-male labor force participation, and gender inequality index on economic growth.
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Judul: Sintesis Flavonol melalui 2’-Hidroksikalkon
Abstrak: Flavonol is a class of flavonoids commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Flavonol is very useful, especially in food sector and health. In this study, flavonol unsubstituted was successfully synthesized from an intermediate material 2’-hydroxychalcone. The 2’-hydroxychalcone was synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation method between o-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde using 4 different catalysts, namely KOH 60%, solid pellet of KOH-grinding technique, BF3-Et2O, and NaH in DMF. The KOH 60% was the best catalyst, giving the highest yield (57%). Afterward, the flavonol was synthesized in 1-stage oxidation cyclization of o-hydroxyacetophenone using Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction, giving 76%. The flavonol total yield from 2’-hydroxychalcone was 43%. All synthesized products were characterized by their melting points and their spectra. The success of the synthesis flavonol opens the way to synthesis of useful flavonol derivatives such as quercetin and kaempferol
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