Judul: The Impact of Forest and Peatland Fires on Humans and The Environment (Case Study : Village Bunsur, Sungai Apit District, Siak Regency, Riau Province)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini menggunakan perspektif ekologi manusia untuk menghubungkan dampak kebakaran hutan dan lahan gambut terhadap kondisi manusia dan lingkungan hidup di Desa Bunsur, Kecamatan Sungai apit, Kabupaten Siak, Provinsi Riau. Responden penelitian ini merupakan rumah tangga petani pemilik lahan yang pernah mengalami kebakaran pada lahannya. Kejadian kebakaran yang dialami terhitung sejak tahun 2014-2019 dengan jumlah responden 40 rumah tangga petani yang dipilih berdasarkan teknik bola salju. Pendekatan yang dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif yang didukung oleh data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan, pertama, secara keseluruhan penyebab terjadinya kebakaran berasal dari tingkah laku manusia, yang kemudian diperparah dengan kondisi alam pada lahan sehingga kebakaran menjadi lebih parah. Kedua, secara keseluruhan tingkat keparahan kebakaran hutan dan lahan gambut ditentukan oleh kondisi lahan gambut yang sangat kering dan vegetasi lahan belukar ketika peristiwa kebakaran berlangsung. Ketiga, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan nyata positif antara faktor alam dengan durasi kebakaran, hubungan nyata positif antara faktor alam dengan tinggi api saat kebakaran berlangsung, hubungan nyata positif antara tingkat keparahan kebakaran hutan dan lahan gambut dengan dampak yang ditimbulkan pada masyarakat di Desa Bunsur., This study uses a human ecology perspective to relate the impact of forest and peatland fires on human conditions and environment in Bunsur Village, Sungai Apit District, Siak Regency, Riau Province. Respondents of this study were farmer households who owned land that had experienced fires on their land. The incidence of fire experienced since 2014-2019 with a total of 40 farmer households selected based on the snowball technique. The approach used is a quantitative approach that is supported by qualitative data. The results of this study indicate, first, that the overall cause of the fires tends to come from human behavior, which is then exacerbated by natural conditions on the land so that the fires become more severe. Second, the overall severity of forest and peatland fires is determined by the condition of very dry peatland shrubby vegetation when the first occur. Third, this study shows that there is a significant positive relationship between natural factors and the duration of fire, a significant positive relationship between natural factors and the height of the fire during the fire, a significant positive relationship between the severity of forest and peatland fires and the impact on the community in Bunsur Village.
Keyword: Impact of peatland fires, factors causing of fire, fire severity

Judul: Community Behavior and Perceptions of Peat Fires in Tangkit Baru Village Jambi Province
Abstrak: Kabupaten Muaro Jambi yang memiliki sebaran gambut seluas 229.703.90 ha kerap kali mengalami kebakaran hutan dan lahan khususnya di Desa Tangkit Baru Kecamatan Sungai Gelam yang sebagian besar daerahnya merupakan lahan gambut. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis perilaku masyarakat yang dapat memicu terjadinya kebakaran gambut dan menganalisis persepsi dan tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap pengendalian kebakaran gambut di Desa Tangkit Baru. Analisis data penelitian dilakukan secara deskriptif melalui wawancara menggunakan kuisioner yang berisi 20 pernyataan positif mengenai pengelolaan lahan gambut yang berkelanjutan, dampak dari kebakaran gambut, serta langkah pengendalian kebakaran gambut dari partisipasi masyarakat menggunakan skala likert. Hasil analisis perilaku masyarakat yang dapat memicu terjadinya kebakaran gambut pada lokasi penelitian di lahan gambut merupakan kegiatan sonor, pembersihan lahan dengan pembakaran, dan membakar sampah. Persepsi dan tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap pengendalian kebakaran gambut termasuk dalam kategori tinggi dan memiliki korelasi hubungan yang sangat kuat. Hubungan antara pengetahuan dan persepsi masyarakat di Desa Tangkit Baru memiliki korelasi positif., Muaro Jambi Regency, which has a peat distribution area of 229,703.90 ha, often experiences forest and land fires, especially in Tangkit Baru Village, Sungai Gelam District, where most of the area is peatland. The research aims to analyze community behavior that can trigger peat fires and analyze community perceptions and level of knowledge regarding peat fire control in Tangkit Baru Village. Research data analysis was carried out descriptively through interviews using a questionnaire containing 20 positive statements regarding sustainable peatland management, the impact of peat fires, as well as steps to control peat fires from community participation using a Likert scale. The results of the analysis of community behavior that can trigger peat fires at research locations on peatlands are sonor activities, land clearing by burning, and burning rubbish. The community's perception and level of knowledge regarding peat fire control is in the high category and has a very strong correlation. The relationship between knowledge and community perception in Tangkit Baru Village has a positive correlation.
Keyword: Kebakaran gambut, Muaro Jambi, Perilaku masyarakat, Persepsi masyarakat, Tangkit Baru

Judul: Optimization of Alginate-Chitosan Microcapsules Formation for Leydig Cells Encapsulation
Abstrak: Hypogonadism is a clinical condition characterized by low concentrations of testosterone. It is caused by malfunction of Leydig cells in producing testosterone. Encapsulation method will protect the transplanted cells from the immune system rejection. The aims of this study was to optimize the formation of microcapsules for Leydig cells encapsulation. The microcapsules were made of alginate and chitosan as the first and the second coating agents, respectively. The result showed that the minimum concentration of alginate was 1.5% (w/v) with a viscosity of 33.8 cPs, resulted spherical microcapsules with diameters of 230-270 µm. The optimum concentration of chitosan as the second coating agent was 0.5% (w/v), resulted spherical microcapsule with mechanical stability in 4 hours. Leydig cells can be trapped inside the capsule with a density that proportional with concentration of cells used in the encapsulation.
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