Judul: Sisntesis Silikon Karbida (SiC) dari Silika Sekam Padi dan Karbon Kayu dengan Metode Reaksi Fasa Padat
Abstrak: The agricultural waste such as rice husk and meubel waste such as powder wood does not used in an optimal fashion for functional material. Silica were synthesized from rice husk by burning and refining. Rice husk contains silica ± 10,5% with purity 95,1%. Carbon were synthesized from powder wood in reactor. The aim of our research was synthesis silicon carbide (SiC) from rice husk and wood. Silica and carbon mixture with ratio 5/3 and 1/3 were reacted by solid state reaction. SiC ceramic was produced by milling, hidrothermal, and sintering. The product was analyzed by X-Ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy, Ultra Violet -Visible spectrometry, and I-V meter. The Size of crystal vary from 18 to 200 nm. The SiC ceramic is semiconductor material that can used to electronic aplication.
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Judul: Uji Struktur dan Sifat Listrik Silikon Dioksida dan Silikon dari Sekam Padi
Abstrak: Rice husk charcoal is known to contain 93.67% of silicon dioxide and has the potential to produce silicon. This study produced silicon dioxide and silicon, that had been tested for the electrical and structural properties. Incineration process of rice husk charcoal was performed in a furnace at a temperature of 400 oC for 2 hours and 1000 oC for 1 hour, with the increase rate of 5 oC/minute. The incineration yield then washed with HCl 3% (12 ml HCl 3% for 1 grams of rice husk ash), and heated using hotplate and magnetic stirrer, with a speed of 240 rpm for 2 hours at 200 oC. Furthermore sample washed repeatedly using hot distilled water until free of acid, then reheated in a furnace to produce silicon dioxide. Silicon dioxide produced approximately 5.6 to 6.8 grams of 10 grams of rice husk charcoal. The silicon dioxide then mixed with reductor (magnesium powder), using comparisons based on stoikhiometri, afterwards heated in a furnace for 1 hour with a temperature of 650 oC. Based on the results of XRD analysis, the crystallinity of silicon dioxide reaches 75.85 to 83.28% and silicon with value of 53.34%. XRD analysis showed that the silicon dioxide structure is tetragonal with lattice constants a = 12.45 Å and c = 111.77 Å, while the silicon has cube structural with lattice constants a = 5.27 Å. SEM results showed that the silicon dioxide has the smoother surface and the silicon had formed a crystal structure. EDX results for silicon dioxide of about 77.88 to 81.64% and silicon 42.29%. Analysis of electrical properties was performed using the LCR meter and I-V meter, and was known that the silicon dioxide and silicon have the characteristic of semiconductor, where the electrical conductivity of silicon has a value higher than silicon dioxide. The I-V curves showed that silicon dioxide is a diode, while the diode is a resistor.
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Judul: Prevalence of Bird Lice on Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) in 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia
Abstrak: Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) have coexisted with humans for thousands of years and are used for various purposes such as food and in sports. Rock pigeons may have the potential to be infested with a wide range of ectoparasites, which can have a significant impact on their life cycle. This study aims to measure the prevalence of Columba livia with bird lice in 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia in the year 2020 and to ascertain the impact of bird lice on the health of these infested birds. Data were collected from clinical records for the month of January to December in the year 2020 from 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia. Lice were identified in 42 of the 80 Rock pigeons examined so, the overall prevalence of lice infestations was 52.5%. The prevalence of ectoparasites was found to be higher in young Rock pigeons (60.4%) as compared to adult Rock pigeons (37.4%). Columbicola columbae (wing lice) and Colpocephalum turbinatum (body lice) are two species of lice that have been detected. Body lice were more prevalent in young Columba livia birds at 47.6% whereas wing lice were more prevalent in adult Columba livia birds at 16.7%. Most of the lice were found in the thorax and abdomen area followed by the head and neck area., Merpati Batu (Columba livia) telah hidup berdampingan dengan manusia selama ribuan tahun dan digunakan untuk berbagai keperluan seperti makanan dan olahraga. Merpati batu dapat terinfestasi dengan berbagai ektoparasit, yang dapat berdampak signifikan pada siklus hidup mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi Columba livia dengan kutu burung di 99 Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia pada tahun 2020 dan untuk memastikan dampaknya terhadap kesehatan burung yang terinfestasi. Data dikumpulkan dari catatan klinis dari bulan Januari hingga Desember tahun 2020 dari 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia. Kutu diidentifikasi pada 42 dari 80 merpati batu yang diperiksa sehingga, prevalensi keseluruhan infestasi kutu adalah 52,5%. Prevalensi ektoparasit ditemukan lebih tinggi pada merpati batu muda (60,4%) dibandingkan dengan merpati batu dewasa (37,4%). Columbicola columbae (kutu sayap) dan Colpocephalum turbinatum (kutu badan) adalah dua spesies kutu yang telah ditemukan. Kutu badan lebih banyak ditemukan pada burung Columba livia muda sebesar 47,6% sedangkan kutu sayap lebih banyak ditemukan pada burung Columba livia dewasa sebesar 16,7%. Sebagian besar kutu ditemukan di daerah dada dan abdomen diikuti daerah kepala dan leher.
Keyword: Columba livia, prevalence, ectoparasite, wing lice, body lice, Columba livia, prevalensi, ektoparasit, kutu sayap, kutu badan