Judul: Sifat fisik ransum broiler starter bentuk crumble berperekat tepung tapioka, bertonit dan onggok
Abstrak: Quality of ration can be tested by using some methods, for examples chemical test, biology and physical test. Physical properties of ration were important aspect in feed mill industry, because of relating to handling efficiency, processing and depository. The purpose of this study was to know about the influence of using binder tapioca, bentonite, and onggok on the physic characteristics of crumble ration.
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Judul: Evaluasi Penyusutan Kualitas Fisik Ransum Ayam Broiler Bentuk Pellet dan Crumble
Abstrak: Kualitas fisik ransum seperti kadar air, ukuran partikel, serta Indeks Ketahanan Pelet atau Pellet Durability Index (PDI) dapat berkurang selama proses distribusi. Tujuan penelitian mengevaluasi kadar air, ukuran partikel, dan PDI ransum bentuk pellet dan crumble yang diterima oleh peternak dan membandingkannya dengan standar yang telah ditetapkan oleh pabrik pakan. Sampel yang digunakan adalah ransum bentuk pellet dan crumble yang diambil dari peternakan. Sampel diambil dari karung dengan kode produksi dan peternakan yang berbeda masing-masing sebanyak 500 gram. Sampel dianalisis menggunakan NIRS, sieve shaker, dan PDI tester di laboratorium. Metode statistika yang digunakan adalah uji t satu sampel dengan membandingkan sampel yang diambil dengan standar pabrik pakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat penurunan kualitas fisik pada ransum bentuk pellet dan crumble yang diterima oleh peternak berdasarkan ukuran partikel, sedangkan nilai PDI dan persentase kadar air masih sesuai dengan standar yang telah ditetapkan oleh pabrik pakan.
Keyword: broiler, crumble, kadar air, pellet, ukuran partikel

Judul: Mitochondrial DNA Gene Organization and Phylogenetic Relationship of Naja siamensis
Abstrak: Naja siamensis is one of Asiatic cobra in the Family of Elapidae, known as a cryptic snake. It has many morphological variations that lead to misidentification. Misidentification can cause the wrong concept in developing antivenom types due to high snakebite cases occur in Thailand. Thus, an accurate species identification using a molecular approach is crucially required. Mitochondrial DNA has been used widely in snake molecular studies. These studies were aimed to determine the arrangement of the N. siamensis partial mitochondrial genes using reptile-oriented primers and to reveal the phylogenetic relationship among other species of Asian cobra. DNA extraction was carried out based on the standard DNA salting-out protocol and was conducted by bioinformatics analysis using BLASTn and MEGA 6 software. Gene annotation was performed against N. kaouthia complete genome. A total of 3121 bp of N. siamensis mtDNA genes were sequenced consisting of partial of six regions: 16S rRNA, ND1, tRNA-Ile, CRII region, tRNA-Leu, tRNA-Gln, and COI genes. The mtDNA gene organization of N. siamensis was predicted to has a similar pattern with the common Elapidae mtDNA gene organization. This study showed that there is a monophyletic form in Naja genus and N. kaouthia is the closest species with N. siamensis based on partial 16S rRNA and ND1 gene.
Keyword: 16S rRNA, Elapidae, ND1, phylogenetic relationship