Judul: Morphological and Productivity Analysis of the Second Generation of Curly Chili Mutants (Capsicum annuum L.) Resulting from Gamma-Ray Irradiation
Abstrak: Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) merupakan komoditas hortikultura yang banyak dibudidayakan untuk keperluan industri makanan maupun kesehatan. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi produktivitas cabai adalah kondisi iklim. Pemuliaan tanaman cabai dilakukan guna mendapatkan varietas yang tahan terhadap cekaman lingkungan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan cabai di masyarakat. Salah satu upaya untuk merakit varietas cabai unggul dapat melalui iradiasi sinar gama. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Oktober 2023-April 2024 di kebun Percobaan PKHT IPB Pasir Kuda. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) 3 ulangan dengan faktor tunggal yaitu genotipe. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produktivitas genotipe uji HTCkr-1, HTCkr-11, dan HTCkr 2 memiliki potensi produktivitas yang tinggi meskipun tidak memiliki perbedaan signifikan terhadap varietas pembanding. Hasil produksi belum mencapai produktivitas nasional akibat faktor cekaman lingkungan yang cukup ekstrem. Pengamatan karakter kualitatif tidak menunjukkan variasi fenotipe pada seluruh genotipe uji. Analisis korelasi menunjukkan produktivitas cabai keriting memiliki hubungan positif yang sangat nyata terhadap karakter umur berbunga, umur panen, tinggi tanaman, tinggi dikotomus, diameter batang, lebar tajuk, diameter buah, bobot per buah, jumlah biji per buah, jumlah buah per tanaman, bobot buah per tanaman, dan bobot buah per petak., Chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a horticultural commodity widely cultivated for the food and health industries. One factor affecting chili productivity is climate conditions. Chili plant breeding is conducted to develop varieties that are resistant to environmental stress to meet the community's chili needs. One approach to developing superior chili varieties is through gamma-ray irradiation. The research was carried out from October 2023 to April 2024 at the PKHT IPB Pasir Kuda Experimental Field. The study used a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications and a single factor, namely genotype. The results showed that the productivity of the tested genotypes HTCkr-1, HTCkr-11, and HTCkr-2 had high productivity potential, although there were no significant differences compared to the control variety. The production results of this research had not reached national productivity levels due to the quite extreme environmental stress factors. Observations of qualitative characteristics did not show phenotypic variation in all tested genotypes. Correlation analysis showed that the productivity of curly chili had a highly significant positive relationship with the traits of flowering age, harvest age, plant height, dichotomous height, stem diameter, canopy width, fruit diameter, fruit weight per fruit, number of seeds per fruit, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight per plant, and fruit weight per plot.
Keyword: correlation, Genotype, character

Judul: Yield Performance Test of Second Generation Chili Pepper Mutants Induced by Gama Ray Irradiation
Abstrak: Cabai merupakan salah satu produk hortikultura yang memiliki potensi besar dan sangat penting dalam menunjang kehidupan sehari-hari karena memiliki banyak manfaat misalnya sebagai olahan sambal dan juga dapat dikonsumsi langsung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji daya hasil dan keragaman genetik populasi M2 cabai rawit (Capsicum annuum L.) hasil induksi mutasi sinar gamma berdasarkan pengamatan fenotip. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Pasir Kuda IPB, Bogor, pada bulan September 2023 hingga Februari 2024, menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak faktor tunggal. Sebanyak 14 genotipe cabai rawit M2 dan 2 varietas pembanding (Pelita dan Bara) diuji dengan tiga ulangan, sehingga terdapat 48 satuan percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang nyata pada karakter tinggi tanaman, bobot per buah, dan jumlah biji per buah. Tinggi tanaman berkisar antara 44,26 cm (Bara) hingga 66,39 cm (HTCrh-2). Bobot per buah tertinggi dicapai oleh varietas Pelita, sedangkan bobot terendah ditemukan pada HTCrh-1. Jumlah biji per buah berkisar antara 35,16 (HTCrh-5) hingga 61,7 (Pelita)., Chili is one of the horticultural products with great potential and significant importance in daily life due to its many benefits, such as being used in chili sauce preparation and being consumed directly. This study aims to evaluate the yield and genetic diversity of M2 chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) population induced by gamma-ray mutation based on phenotypic observations. The research was conducted at the Pasir Kuda Experimental Garden, IPB, Bogor, from September 2023 to February 2024, using a single-factor Completely Randomized Block Design. A total of 14 M2 chili pepper genotypes and 2 comparison varieties (Pelita and Bara) were tested with three replications, resulting in 48 experimental units. The results showed significant differences in plant height, fruit weight per fruit, and the number of seeds per fruit. Plant height ranged from 44.26 cm (Bara) to 66.39 cm (HTCrh-2). The highest fruit weight per fruit was achieved by the Pelita variety, while the lowest fruit weight was found in HTCrh-1. The number of seeds per fruit ranged from 35.16 (HTCrh-5) to 61.7 (Pelita).
Keyword: potential variety, agricultural productivity, corelation

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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