Judul: Status stok sumberdaya ikan kembung lelaki (Rastrelliger kanagurta, Cuvier 1817) di Perairan Selat Sunda
Abstrak: Indian Mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) is one of small pelagic fish that has a economic value. The purpose of this research was to determine the status of stocks and suggest management of Indian Mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) and sustainability in the Sunda Strait based on catch data by fisherman landed on PPP Labuan, Banten. The research was conducted from May 2014 till October 2014. Total fishes that were caught is 480 individuals. The growth pattern of female Indian Mackerel is isometric and negative allometric for male Indian Mackerel. The amount of Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) and optimum efforts, 571 tonnes per year and the 1 010 trip per year. Exploitation rate was exceeded the optimum level is 0.5, implied that the Indian Mackerel fishery of Sunda Strait has been overfished. Management process that can be conducted is to regulate the fishing effort, fishing season, and mesh size.
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Judul: Kajian Stok Ikan Kembung Lelaki Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier, 1816) di Perairan Selat Sunda yang Didaratkan di PPP Labuan, Banten
Abstrak: Indian Mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) is one of the small pelagic fish that has a significant economic value. It is abundant and caught dominantly in Sunda Strait. This study was aimed at examining the stasus of the Indian Mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) stock, landed in PPP Labuan. The research was conducted in June 2013 to October 2013. Total fish caught were 1100 individuals. Length and weight relationships resulted in negatively allometric growth pattern. Analysis of resource potential of the Indian Mackerel was completed using Schaefer model, which was resulted in fMSY of 6078 trip per year and MSY of 1872 tonnes per year. Exploitation rate reached optimum level between 0.61-0.87. It is implied that the Indian Mackerel fishery of Sunda Strait landed in PPP Labuan has been overfished
Keyword: Surplus Production model, PPP Labuan, Indian Mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta), growth, Exploitation rate

Judul: Sintesis Flavon dari Fenol dan Benzoil Klorida
Abstrak: Flavone is a class of flavonoid, commonly found in plants with wide bioactivity spectrum. A widely used flavone synthesis route is through acidcatalyzed oxidative cyclization of β-diketone. In this study, unsubstituted flavone had been synthesized via 5-step from phenol, with 22% yield and successfully increased the yield of previous study on Fries rearrangement of phenyl acetate and benzoylation of o-HAP steps. Phenol was acetylated resulting 93% phenyl acetate. AlCl3-catalyzed Fries rearrangement in 1.5 hour and at 120 °C converted phenyl acetate into o-hydroxyacetophenone (o-HAP) with 40% yield. AlCl3 as catalyst produced o-HAP with higher and reproducible yield compared with BF3·Et2O and ZnCl2. Benzoylation of o-HAP followed by Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement of the ester product using KOH in dried pyridine produced β-diketone 1-(2- hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropane-1,3-dione. The yield of ester and β-diketone were 71% and 85%, respectively. Finally, oxidative cyclization of β-diketone with sulphuric acid as catalyst produced 99% of flavone. The flavone product had been characterized spectroscopically and its melting point as well.
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