Judul: Sebaran Logam Berat Hg, Pb dan Cd pada Air di Waduk Saguling Kabupaten Bandung Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Saguling Reservoir is one of the most large reservoir which received its load pollution from Citarum watershed. Many activities either industrial, household and agricultural use materials containing heavy metals Hg, Pb and Cd in production process dumped into waters without any wastewater treatments, that causing water quality of the reservoir decrease. Analysis of heavy metals Hg, Pb and Cd in Saguling reservoir was done by atomic absorption method and the distribution of metals in waters was used software Ocean Data View. The results showed that the concentration of heavy metals Hg, Pb and Cd were exceeded the standard quality with the levels of heavy metals Pb>Hg>Cd. Distribution of the three metals were high in the inlet and low in the middle of resevoir.
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Judul: Evaluasi Kontaminasi Logam di Sedimen Dari Waduk Saguling Dengan Menggunakan Konsep Triad: Sebuah Pendekatan Dalam Pengelolaan Waduk
Abstrak: Saguling reservoir was cascade type reservoir that located in West Java, the reservoir have gotten degradation problem of water quality as result of organic, pesticide, and heavy metal pollution coming from antropogenic activity and also naturally. Existence of heavy metal in aquatic area has tendency for binding with particulate material as sediment compiler and has potency for bioavailable for aquatic biota. Therefore its required a research which integrated to express level of metal bioavailability which bound at sediment like ioning triad concept ( combine information from chemical analysis, community structure, and toxicity test). This research has been done in the year 2006 with aim to predict level of metal bioavailability Cu, Cd, Pb, and Hg in sediment using triad concept approach. Sediment Heavy metal contamination Result in each station showed heavy significant differences for Cd ( F= 17,803 and p = 0,00001), Pb ( F= 154,343 and p < 0,01), Cu ( F= 36,499, P<0,000001), and Hg ( F= 12,49 and p=0,00000). Elevation of Heavy metal contamination in sediemet usually is followed with disturbance of community structure for benthic macroinvertebrate and increasing of sediment toxicity status (Maroko, Cihaur, Cangkorah, Batujajar, and Nanjung station). At the others station existence of benthic macroinvertebrate community disturbance and height of sediment toxicity were caused by other factor besides heavy metal. Combined Result between triad radar graphs and multivariate analysis (PCA) indicated Cu, Hg, and Pb that have bioavailable potency in Saguling Reservoir. Statistically Cd has not enough evidence generating Hydra toxicity and disturbance of benthic macroinvertebrates community. Result of this research is a strategy to study bioavailability pollutant which binding in sediment for managing reservoir caused by exposure toxic materials in aquatic environment.
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Judul: Anatomi otot-otot ekspresi wajah monyet ekor panjang (Macaca fascicularis)
Abstrak: Hewan primata banyak digunakan untuk penelitian biomedis karena memiliki kemiripan anatomi dengan manusia. Evolusi dari otot wajah mamalia yang berhubungan dengan ekspresi wajah dan komunikasi visual terutama pada hewan pimata dalam hal ini otot-otot daerah kelopak mata serta mulut memegang peranan penting (Bennet et al., 1995). Monyet ekor panjang (Macaca fascicularis) adalah slah satu jenis hewan primata di antara 5 hewan primata yang paling banyak digunakan untuk penelitian biomedis (Anonimus, 2000; Anonimus, 2002). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari morfologi otot-otot ekspresi wajah beserta origo dan insersionya untuk melengkapi data dasar anatomi otot pada M. fascicularis. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga ekor preparat monyet ekor panjang yang telah diawetkan dalam larutan formalin 10% dan sebuah tengkorak kepala beserta tulang rahang bawah monyet ekor panjang. Pengamatan yang dilakukan meliputi morfologi otot beserta origo dan insersionya, dan hubungannya dengan variasi ekspresi wajah yang mampu dilakukan monyet ekor panjang, kemudian membandingkannya dengan literatur anatomi manusia, beberapa hewan primata lain, hewan herbivora dan karnivora. Dari hasil pengamatan, pada susunan otot ekspresi wajah monyet ekor panjang ditemukan lima kelompok otot: 1). Kelompok otot kulit kepala yaitu: m. occipitofrontalis (gabungan m. frontalis dan m. occipitalis). 2). Kelompok otot hidung yaitu: m. nasolabialis. 3). Kelompok otot mulut yaitu: m. nasolabialis, m. zygomaticus major, m. zygomaticus minor, m. levator anguli oris, m. depressor anguli oris, m depressor labii inferioris, m. mentalis, m. buccinatorius, m. orbicularis oris dan m. platysma. 4). Kelompok otot telinga yaitu: m auricularis posterior, m. auricularis superior dan m. auricularis anterior. 5). Kelompok otot kelopak mata yaitu: m. orbicularis oculi, m. corrugator supercilii dan mlevator palpebrae superioris. Setiap kelompok otot memiliki berbagai karakteristik baik morfologi maupun origo dan insersio yang berbeda dengan primata. lain, kuda, sapi dan anjing. Hal tersebut menghasilkan variasi fungsi otot yang berbeda sesuai dengan perilaku dan pola hidup.
Keyword: Macaca fascicularis, long-tailed macaque, monkey