Judul: Study of the dynamic of phytoplankton growth and its relation to variability of solar radiation intensity and dissolved inorganic nutrient in Banten Bay
Abstrak: The growth of phytoplankton in the waters mostly depends on sunlight intensity and dissolved inorganic nutrient present in euphotic zone. This research aimed to count phytoplankton growth including growth rate, doubling time, and generation time, and to analyze growth rate response of phytoplankton to solar radiation intensity and dissolved inorganic nutrient. Measurement of phytoplankton growth was conducted from April to September 2008 at five stations. Station 1 was situated at the mouth river, station 2 at the middle of the Bay toward the beach, station 3 at the middle of the bay, station 4 located at the middle toward outside the bay, and station 5 located outside the bay. Phytoplankton growth at each station was measured at various water depth. At station 1, measurement was done at three euphotic depth namely at 10%, 5%, and 1% from surface irradiance. At station 2, 3, and 4, growth measurement was conducted at 50%, 25%, 10%, and 5% from surface irradiance while at station 5, phytoplankton growth was measured at five euphotic depth namely 50%, 25%, 10%, 5%, and 1% from surface irradiance. Research result showed that phytoplankton growth occurred faster at intermediate light intensity and intermediate concentration of dissolved inorganic nutrient. However, the role of light intensity and dissolved inorganic nutrient in controlling phytoplankton growth was not synergic. Temporally, light intensity did not really control the growth of phytoplankton as compared to dissolved inorganic nutrient in term of DSi because sunlight intensity from April to September was relatively stable compared to DSi that tended to be various. Spatially, on the other hand, light intensity and dissolved inorganic nutrient in term of DIN, DIP, and DSi simultaneously controlled phytoplankton growth. This occurred due to light intensity was varied and tended to be homogenous from station 1 to station 4 and low at station 5. Different phenomena also occurred with DIN, DIP, and DSI which was varied and tended to be higher at station 1 and homogenous at station 1 to station 4. However, DSi tended to be more varied than DIN and DIP. Based on this finding, it was stated that DSi was more dominant in controlling phytoplankton growth in Banten Bay and categorized as fast growth rate ranging from 0.66-2.44 day-1, doubling time 0.34-2.04.day-1, and generation time ranging from 0.91-3.53 day-1.
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Judul: Relationship of phytoplankton productivity with nutrient availability streaming derived from the river and the sea in Inner Ambon Bay
Abstrak: The development of increasingly rapid development resulted in bay conditions, particularly in Ambon bay gets heavy pressure, resulting in changes in the aquatic environment. These changes further affect marine organisms that live in it. One of the marine organisms playing an important role for productivity is a water plankton community. Plankton community plays great role in marine ecosystems, particularly because phytoplankton are the foundation of the food chain so called primary producers. As primary producers, phytoplankton can form organic matter from inorganic matter through photosynthesis which in turn can be used directly by other living organisms. The purposes of this study were 1) to analyze seasonal changes in the distribution of temperature, salinity and density in the water; 2) to analyze the inter-relationship between the light intensity and the level of turbidity water; 3) to analyze the load level of nutrients in water derived from river and sea; 4) to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of phytoplankton composition and abundance in the water; 5) to analyze seasonal changes in the level of productivity of phytoplankton in the water; and 6) to examine the inter-relationship between the succession of phytoplankton to changes in N:P ratio in the water of the Ambon bay. The results of this study indicate that temperature, salinity and density were low in East Season. In the Bay of Ambon there was stratification in temperature and salinity, while mixing was not occur either from surface to bottom water. Season were great influence on the distribution of nutrients in the water, again the average ammonia concentration was higher in East Season that indicate domestic sewage polluted water. Average NO3-N concentration of the lowest in the Western season (0.05 μm) and high in East Season (0.55 μm). Average concentration of nitrate in the East Season in Zone-1 was low and Zone-2 was high. In East Season high phosphate concentrations, so that phosphate stimulates rapid growth (blooming) Trichodesmium in water. Average concentration of silica in the East, Transition II, Western and Transition I Season highly significant, with the lowest concentrations in Transition Season I (1.29 μm) and high in East Season (35.61 μm). At the moment there was a high concentration of silica Bacillariophyceae low abundance in the eastern season. In the Transition II, the West, and the Transition I Season occurred increased abundance of Bacillariophyceae, along with decrease in the concentration of silica. Input nitrate and phosphate in East Season was very large from outside Ambon Bay compared to from river. Spatial and temporal waters in the Inner Ambon Bay were found oligotrofik and mesotrofik state. Flushing time were occured in Ambon Bay within 14 days. The average of chlorophyll-a concentration in the East, Transition II, West and Transition I Season were highly significant, the lowest concentration at West season (0.44 μg/l) and high in East season (0.94 μg/l). In the East Season, there was an increase of chlorophyll-a, but the low abundance of phytoplankton. In the East Season, chlorophyll-a negative correlation revealed in nitrate and nitrite, this is due to an increase in chlorophyll-a caused by decrease in nitrate and
Keyword: primary productivity, phytoplankton, nutrients, succession, Inner Ambon Bay

Judul: Infeksi cacing Ascarid pasa anjing dan kucing, serta hubungannya sebagai zoonosis
Abstrak: Ada tiga cacing Ascarid yang didapatkan pada anjing dan kucing, yaitu Toxocara canis pada anjing, Toxocara cati pada kucing dan Toxascaris leonina pada anjing dan kucing. Ketiganya mempunyai habitat di usus kecil (Soulsby, 1982). Manusia dapat bertindak sebagai induk semang paratenik dari kelompok ini, melalui anjing dan kucing yang menderita sebagai sumber infeksi, terutama anak- anak anjing dan anak-anak kucing (Brown, 1975). Dari kelompok Ascarid ini penyebab utama penyakit pada manusia adalah Toxocara canis (Soulsby, 1982). Penyakit pada manusia yang disebabkan oleh kelompok ini dikenal sebagai penyakit 'Visceral Larva Migrans' (Brown, 1975), Toxocariasis (Beaver, 1966). Penularan pada anjing dan kucing, dapat melalui telur infektif (langsung), induk semang paratenik seperti tikus, kecos, cacing Lanah dan lain-lain (tidak langsung), intrauterin, trans-mammary dan secara fecaloral. Pada manusia, penularan terjadi melalui telur infektif yang tertelan. Gejala klinis yang tampak pada anjing dan kucing yang terinfeksi oleh kelompok ini, adalah anjing kurus, pertumbuhan terhambat, gelisah, batuk, respirasi meningkat, keluar cairan dari hidung, muntah yang kadang kadang bercampur dengan cacing, icterus, diare, sakit pada abdomen, perut buncit dan kadang-kadang timbul gejala konvulsi (Kelly, 1977). Pada manusia tanda klinis yang umum terlihat, yaitu batuk, dispnoe disertai demam dan gejala umum lainnya. Kadang-kadang endopthalmitis, retinitis perifer, papilitis, dan konvulsi. Pemeriksaan darah terlihat eosinofilia, leukositosis, hiperglobulinemia dan pemerik saan yang lain memperlihatkan hepatomegali…dst
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