Judul: Kajian perikanan trawl demersal: evaluasi tiga jenis Bycatch Reduction Device (BRD)
Abstrak: In recent years, global concern over the impacts of fishing activity on non-target species termed as “by-catch” has been increasing. Most of conventional shrimp trawls are poorly selective so they retain large quantities of bycatch (Saila 1983). The main objective of this research is to determine the type of bycatch reduction device which is appropriate for demersal trawl in Indonesia. This was achieved by three following objectives : 1) to compare the effectiveness three BRDs in reducing the bycatch from the industrial trawl fisheries, 2) to observe the process escapement of fish from three types of bycatch reduction device, and 3) to analyze characteristic of the bycatch from small scale demersal trawl fisheries. There were three types of BRDs tested for this study, i.e. the TED super shooter BRD, the square mesh window BRD, and the fish eye BRD. The TED super shooter BRD reduced reduced the compressed fish down to 4,98% and the anguilliform fish down to 0,47%, the square mesh window reduced the compressed fish down to 6,23% and the fish eye reduced the compressed fish down to 10,23% and the anguilliform fish down to 4,62%. Observation in the flume tank revealed that the BRD super shooter reduce compressed fish up to 30% and depressed fish 30%. The square mesh window reduced the compressed fish up to 50% and depressed fish 50%. While the fish eye BRD reduce compressed fish 30% and depressed fish 50%. The bycatch and target catch from 30 fishing trip in Blanakan in July 2007 were 52,92 kg and 354,88 kg (ratio of 1:6) and in December 2007 were 192 kg and 788 kg (ratio of 1:4). The bycatch and target catch from 30 fishing trip in Eretan Kulon in July 2007 were 101,38 kg and 273,43 kg (ratio of 1:3) and in December were 194,2 kg and 692 kg (ratio of 1:4). The bycath from Blanakan was dominated by compressed fish such as Leiognathidae, Sciaenidae, Nemipteridae and Mullidae, depressed fish from Platychepalidae. The composition of the bycatch from Eretan Kulon were dominated by compressed fish such as Sciaenidae, Leiognathidae, Nemipteridae and Mullidae, fusiform fish from Synodontidae. Since the bycatch was dominated by compressed fish, then bycatch reduction device fish eye and square mesh window are recommended to be used in Indonesian trawl fisheries.
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Judul: Pelolosan ikan pada Bycatch Reduction Device tipe Squaremesh Window dan Fisheye pada skala laboratorium
Abstrak: Bycatch Reduction Device merupakan konstruksi tambahan pada kantong trawl untuk mengurangi ikan hasil tangkapan sampingan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada skala laboratorium pada BRD tipe squaremesh window dan fisheye. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengkuantifikasi dua tipe BRD yaitu squaremesh window dan fisheye dalam meloloskan ikan serta untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh kecepatan arus dan ukuran ikan pada BRD tipe squaremesh window dan fisheye dalam pelolosan ikan. Analisa data dilakukan dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial dengan uji lanjut Tukey. Kecepatan arus dalam penelitian adalah 0,1 m/s, 0,3 m/s dan 0,5 m/s dan ukuran ikan yang digunakan terdapat empat ukuran berdasarkan panjang totalnya yaitu 3 cm, 5cm, 6,5 cm, dan 9,5 cm. Secara keseluruhan BRD tipe fisheye mampu meloloskan lebih banyak ikan daripada squaremesh window, BRD tipe fisheye mampu meloloskan ikan sebanyak 51% dan squaremesh window sebanyak 41,5 %. Ukuran celah pelolosan yang lebih besar pada fisheye menyebabkan ikan lebih mudah untuk lolos daripada squaremesh window. Semakin besar ukuran ikan maka semakin besar pula peluang ikan untuk lolos sedangkan berdasarkan uji Tukey faktor kecepatan arus hanya berpengaruh nyata pada fisheye. Kombinasi perlakuan terbaik dalam meloloskan ikan adalah pada BRD tipe fisheye dengan kecepatan arus 0,5 m/s. Terdapat setidaknya empat pola pelolosan ikan pada squaremesh window yaitu dengan posisi tetap horisontal, membengkokkan tubuh, vertikal serta diagonal yang memanfaatkan sudut mata jaring.
Keyword: Squaremesh window, Fisheye, Stream, Fish size

Judul: Penggunaan Teorema Homeomorphy 2-Manifold dan Teorema Euler Poincare pada Torus 𝑇�� dan Simplicial Complex 𝐾��
Abstrak: Two dimensional topological spaces are said to be homeomorphic if they have the same topological invariant, where one of topological invariant used is an Euler characteristic. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem and Euler Poincare’s Theorem are used to distinguish two topological spaces. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem uses Euler characteristic to identify two dimensional topological spaces. Euler Poincare’s Theorem is an alternative way to find Euler characteristic with Betti number, which is topological invariant as well. The objective of this paper is to investigate the homeomorphism of torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾�����. Topological space torus and simplicial complex 𝐾����� have the same Euler characteristic, which is two. Based on Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem topological space torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾����� is homeomorphic.
Keyword: simplicial, torus, Euler, homeomorphism, topology