Judul: Analisis Struktur Modal Optimal Perusahaan dalam Industri Semen yang Terdaftar pada BEI Periode 2008-2012
Abstrak: The cement industry has an important role in exploiting the growing opportunities development of the property sector and infrastructure announced the government through MP3EI program in the long run. The purpose of this study was to 1) Analyze the capital structure of companies in the Cement Industry period 2008-2012 listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange; 2) Analyze the value of companies in the Cement Industry period 2008-2012 listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange; 3) Analyze the optimal capital structure associated with firm value in the Cement Industry period 2008-2012 listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange. Data processing was performed using Microsoft Excel 2007 software components analysis method of capital structure and capital cost analysis. The results is the optimal capital structure PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk and PT Holcim Indonesia Tbk occurred in 2012 with firm value of Rp 172.55 trillion and Rp 100.02 trillion. While the optimal capital structure of PT Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk occurred in 2010 with firm value of Rp 84.20 trillion.
Keyword: optimal capital structure, Firm value

Judul: Analisis Struktur Modal Optimal pada Perusahaan Pertambangan Sub-sektor Batubara yang Terdaftar di BEI
Abstrak: Kebijakan struktur modal optimal perlu dipertimbangkan oleh suatu perusahaan untuk mencapai tujuan perusahaan yaitu meningkatkan nilai perusahaan. Adanya pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan pendapatan perusahaan menurun. Pada tahun 2020, harga acuan batu bara jatuh pada angka terendah selama lima tahun terakhir dan rata-rata laba perusahaan turun sebesar 56,2% dibandingkan periode sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebijakan struktur modal optimal melalui komposisi struktur modal dan biaya modal yang nantinya akan menghasilkan nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan sub-sektor batu bara yang terdaftar di indeks LQ45 periode 2016-2020. Jenis dan sumber data menggunakan data sekunder yang bersifat kuantitatif berupa laporan keuangan perusahaan periode 2016-2020 yang diolah menggunakan microsoft excel 2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada emiten batubara yang terdaftar di LQ45 memiliki proporsi ekuitas yang tinggi yaitu sebesar 80,81% dan 19,19% utang jangka panjang. Berdasarkan perhitungan WACC rata-rata dan nilai perusahaan, PT Adaro Energy dapat dikatakan telah memiliki struktur modal optimal, sedangkan PT Indo Tambangraya Megah dan PT Bukit Asam belum dapat dikatakan memiliki struktur modal optimal.
Keyword: Biaya modal, nilai perusahaan, struktur modal, WACC

Judul: Protozoa Parasitik Darah dan Saluran Pencernaan pada Ular Sawah (Ptyas corros) di Kabupaten Ngawi
Abstrak: The purpose of this study is to give information about blood parasitic protozoan and gastrointestinal tract protozoan from Chinese Ratsnake (Ptyas korros). Ten Chinese Ratsnake that collected from Alas pecah village at Ngawi district used in this study. Faecal and blood sample were collected weekly for three weeks. Blood sample were stained by Giemsa and faecal sample were natively examined. Parasites were identified using morphological approach under microscope. The results showed that 5 parasites type had found on Chinese Ratsnake. They were consist of 4 intestinal parasites types (Giardia sp., Balantidium sp., Entamoeba sp., Cryptosporidium sp.) and blood parasites type (Plasmodium sp.). Those parasites can be potentially zoonotic. All snakes were infected by Plasmodium sp. Meanwhile Giardia sp., Balantidium sp., Entamoeba sp. dan Cryptosporidium sp. of the snake had been founded by number of 90%, 80%, 80% and 70% respectively.
Keyword: Ptyas corros, protozoan, intestinal tract, Blood