Judul: Phenotipic characterization and genetic potential as well as their association with productivity and meat quality on local cattle in Ciamis, West Java.
Abstrak: Ciamis local cattle is a genetic resources that could support meat selfsufficiency particularly in West Java. The introduction of artificial insemination in Ciamis district has been carried out intensively, therefore ciamis local cattle as a genetic resources will dissapear and getting extinct. The identification of qualitative and quantitative traits including their genetic potencies were required for genetic resources development in order to support sustainable meat availability. Leptin and SCD1 (Stearoyl CoA Desaturase1) genes are potential candidates for genetic selection in the livestocks, and they involved in physiological processes. It assumed that polymorphism of Leptin and SCD1 were significantly associated with the productivity, meat quality and fatty acid composition. This study aimed to: 1) identify qualitative and quantitative traits of ciamis cattle, 2) identify the genetic polymorphism, as well as their phylogenetic, 3) identify Leptin polymorphism and their association with productivity and meat quality, and 4) identify polymorphism on SCD1 gene and their association with meat fatty acid composition. The qualitative and quantitative traits were characterized by using 92 over three years old cows. The observed parameters consist of coat colour, body weight and morphological measurements. The average daily gain (ADG) and carcass percentage were observed from 18 and 14 bulls, respectively. They were fatten on concentrates and rice straw for 58 days. Microsatellite loci, i.e INRA35, HEL9, and BM2113, of 92, 78 and 96 samples, respectively were used to analyze the genetic diversity and its phylogenetic tree. Direct sequencing was carried out using 78 samples to identify polymorphism of Leptin gene and their association with ADG, carcass percentage and meat quality, were analysed using 18, 14 and 14 samples, respectively. PCR-RFLP method with AciI restricted enzym was carried out using 14 samples with different genotypes to identify SCD1 gene polymorphism out of 98 samples and their association with meat fatty acid composition. The result showed that the red-brownish coat colour was predominant in ciamis cattle. About 45.0% of population in Tambaksari, and 48.1% of population in Cijulang were proofed this results. The ciamis cattle had frame size between bali and PO cattle. The local cattle in Cijulang subpopulation were larger significantly than Tambaksari subpopulation. This might be due to highly introduction of PO cattle in Cijulang subpopulation. The ADG of ciamis cattle was 0.62 kg ± 0.23 kg/head/day, and their carcass percentage was 51.61% ± 1.8%. Their carcass percentage was similarly with bali, PO, and crossbred cattle. Ciamis cattle had high level of heterozygosity. The genetic diversity of cattle in Tambaksari subpopulation was higher than in Cijulang subpopulation. The cattle in Ciamis has a closer genetic distance with the PO cattle. Leptin gene of ciamis cattle was polymorphic, and there were two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) i.e Arg25Cys and Arg25His. It was found three alleles i.e C, T and H, with the frequencies were 55.5 %, 29.5% and 15.4%, respectively. The new mutation (H allele) was found at Arg25His position, convert amino acid code from arginine to histidine. Leptin gene polymorphisms of ciamis cattle was in high category. There were no association between Leptin gene polymorphisms with ADG, carcass percentage, and meat
Keyword: ciamis cattle, fatty acid, leptin, meat quality, productivity, SCD1

Judul: Polimorfisme Gen Leptin dan Gen Miostatin pada Sapi Potong Aceh dan Madura
Abstrak: Aceh and Madura cattles are a native Indonesian cattle as meat production. Productivity of beef cattle in Indonesia is still low so it is not used sufficient to supply national demand. We used leptin and miostatin genes as a genetic marker to clustering, Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS), and marker for detection of permissible nature (Halal) food. The aim of this study was to determine polymorphism of Aceh and Madura cattles. This research applied sequencing method. The reconstruction of phylogenetic tree using Neighbour-Joining method with Kimura-2-Parameters model to analyse polymorphism. Aceh cattle based on leptin gene was clustered into one group with Bos indicus GCATC haplotype and Bos taurus. Aceh cattle was assembled into one group with Bos taurus based on myostatin gene. Madura cattle had two haplotypes, one type was Bos indicus GCATC haplotype or Bos taurus and another type was Bos indicus ATGCT haplotype or Bos frontalis. Madura cattle based on myostatin gene different from Bos taurus group.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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