Judul: dentification of Non Molting Dwarf (nmd) on Mutant Silkworm (Bombyx mori) of Japan Strain a47 Through Positional Cloning Method.
Abstrak: Persilangan antar strain ulat sutera seringkali menimbulkan individu mutan gagal molting. Kejadian mutan non molting dwarf (nmd) mengakibatkan kematian pada sebagian populasi di usaha persuteraan alam. Mutan tersebut terjadi pada populasi larva instar pertama B. mori. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi ekspresi gen dan lokasi pasangan basanya yang bertanggung jawab terhadap pembentukan mutan nmd pada larva B. mori. Ulat sutera strain normal (p50T) disilangkan dengan ulat sutera mutan nmd (a47) Jepang hingga didapatkan generasi F2 melaui metode positional cloning. Karakterisasi basa DNA dianalisis langkah demi langkah melalui tahap purifikasi DNA hingga analisis PCR. Penerapan primer spesifik dapat mempersempit lokasi pasang basa DNA yang mengekspresikan mutasi nmd. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lokasi ekspresi gen mutasi nmd berada pada kromosom 9 dengan kisaran pasangan basa 9330803 bp - 12075121 bp (2.7 mb) yang mencakup 89 kandidat gen di dalamnya. Satu gen kandidat diprediksi penyebab mutasi nmd, adalah KWMTBOMO05189. Gen tersebut diduga berkaitan dengan dn-Ras yang menghambat pengaturan pelepasan hormon ekdison., Crosses between silkworm strains usually emerged new mutant individuals that have non-molting conditions. The incidence of non-molting dwarf mutants (nmd) resulted in population mortality of up to half of population on natural silk factory. This nmd mutant was found in the population of first instar larvae of B. mori. This study aims to identify the gene expression and location of the base pairs that are responsible for the condition of the nmd mutant in B. mori larvae. Normal strain silkworms (p50T) were crossed with Japanese nmd (a47) mutant silkworms to obtain F2 generation through the positional cloning method. DNA base pairs characterization was analyzed step by step through the DNA purification phase to PCR analysis. The application of specific primers can narrow down the location of the DNA base pairs which express the nmd mutation. The results showed that the location of the nmd mutation gene expression was on chromosome 9 with a base pair range of 9330803 bp - 12075121 bp (2.7 Mb) which included 89 candidate genes on that range. One candidate gene predicted to express the nmd mutation is KWMTBOMO05189. This gene is thought to be related to dn-Ras which inhibits the regulation of ecdysone hormone.
Keyword: Gene Expression, non-molting, mutation, spesific primers

Judul: The Growth of Silkworm ( Bombyx mori L. ) New Hybrid and Commersial's Type
Abstrak: Silkworm larvae has a silk gland that produces silk threads. Silk thread quality is obtained from a qualified cocoon. Clean cocoons with no stains and have a strong fiber will havea high value. To attain qualified cocoons then the larvae feed consumption must be taken into account. The feed consumed will affect the growth performances such as body weight and body weight gain which are the most decisive indicator of the quality of cocoon. This study aimed to evaluate the growth of new hybridobtained from reciprocal cross breeding system and commercial type. The Completely Randomized Design was used as the experimental design with six hybrids as the treatment, i.e. H1 (Mainland China rase 808♂ X Japan race 108 ♀), H2 (Mainland China race 903 ♂ X Japan race 806 ♀), H3(Japan race 903 ♀ X Mainland China race 806 ♂), H4 (Mainland China race 808 ♀ X Japan race 108 ♂), H5 (commercial silkworm C301), and H6 (commercial silkworm BS09). The data taken from 30 larvae hybrid each were analyzed by ANOVA (95%) and then by Tukey test. The results showed that H2 (Mainland China race 903 ♂ X Japan race 806 ♀) was superior hybrid than any hybrid based on the variables of feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion, and mortality.
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Judul: Cycle Hamilton pada Graf Lengkap, Graf Regular, dan Graf 2-Connected 4-Regular Berorder Kurang dari Sepuluh
Abstrak: Suatu graf disebut graf Hamilton apabila graf tersebut memuat cycle Hamilton, yaitu cycle yang melewati setiap vertex tepat satu kali. Menentukan keberadaan cycle Hamilton pada suatu graf dapat menggunakan syarat cukup yang berupa teorema-teorema yang telah diperkenalkan sejak tahun 1950-an. Beberapa syarat cukup yang dibahas dalam karya ilmiah ini adalah syarat cukup yang berhubungan dengan graf lengkap dan graf regular. Suatu graf lengkap berorder 𝑛������ ≥ 3 dan graf r-regular berorder 𝑛������ ≤ 2𝑟������ + 1 merupakan graf Hamilton, Karena kedua graf tersebut memuat cycle Hamilton. Selanjutnya, syarat cukup tersebut digunakan untuk menentukan keberadaan cycle Hamilton pada graf 2-connected 4- regular berorder kurang dari 10.
Keyword: graf Hamilton, graf regular, graf lengkap, graf 2-connected 4-regular