Judul: Modification design of incinerator multifunction continue type
Abstrak: Incinerator is an equipment to incinerate trashes with high temperature control to ensure that the combustion process was done completely. The previous design of batch type incinerator which has been designed by Pradipta (2011) has some disadvantages, such as heat transfer system, loading and unloading system, air supply system and utilization of heat energy. So, those design should be modified to improve its performance. The performance parameters of incinerator are temperature of combustion, the rate of combustion, quality of exhaust gases, safety factor, and utilization of heat energy. Modified incinerator has eight sections (combustion chamber, chimney, air inlet, hopper, boundary plate, ash chamber, charcoal chamber, and water heater pipe). The performance test shows that the highest combustion temperature is 689.6 ⁰C, with combustion rate 5.78 kg / hour. The incinerator is safe for operator and the exhaust gasses has good quality. Utilization of thermal energy could increasing water temperature up to 32 ⁰C. Air inlet position was not in the proper place, so combustion temperature could not reach as high as expected. Therefore it need improvement.
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Judul: Desain dan Uji Kinerja Alat Pembakar Sampah (Incinerator) Tipe Batch Untuk Perkotaan Dilengkapi dengan Pemanas Air
Abstrak: Municipal solid waste (MSW) management is very important in order to keep the city clean, beautiful, and health. The waste could be utilized by various process that suitable each kind of waste. Organic waste can be utilized by composting process or biogas generation. While an-organic waste can be recycled. Incinerator was needed for toxic and medical waste utilization, due to its capability to burnt off the toxic materials. Small incinerator seems an important solution for urban household waste management due to the shortage area for composting or other waste utilization. Beside that, heat energy which produced by combustion process in the incinerator could be use for several purposes to fulfill household demand such as drying process or water heater process. The aim of this study is to design an incinerator which can be implemented in the urban household. Those incinerator combined with water heating system as utilization of heat energy produced by the combustion process and smoke cyclone which can be used for drying or carbonization process Result of the performance of the incinerator shows that the incinerator working well. The capacity of the incinerator is 0.294 m3. The weight of the waste that filled the incinerator is 10.5 to 18.3 kg. The maximum burn temperature is 413 to 478 oC. The incineration rates of the incinerator around 2.81 to 6.82 kg/hour. Quality of smoke is good, showed by the colour of the smoke (near white). Heat energy produced by the system has been used for water heating and coconut shell carbonization process. Using water flow rate 3 l/minutes, the temperature of the water can be raised 14-18 oC per batch process. While carbonization process only produce 10% charcoal from 5 kg coconut shell which has been feed in the smoke cyclone room Modification of the gas hole can increasing the temperature of incineration and modification of the length and relocation of pipe can increasing the water heater performance.
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Judul: Analisis Stabilitas Nilai tukar di Negara ASEAN-5 Sebelum dan Saat Pandemi Covid-19
Abstrak: Covid-19 merupakan salah satu wabah penyakit yang memiliki pengaruh terhadap ekonomi ASEAN-5 terutama pada nilai tukar. Nilai tukar adalah salah satu alat yang digunakan untuk melakukan transaksi keuangan antar negara. Apabila nilai tukar bergejolak akan memengaruhi ekonomi suatu negara terutama dalam perdagangan internasional. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi nilai tukar dapat dari segi ekonomi maupun non ekonomi. Dari segi ekonomi nilai tukar dipengaruhi oleh inflasi, ekspor dan impor, serta lainnya. Sedangkan faktor non ekonomi dilihat dari politik, pandemi, dan lainnya. Dalam penelitian ini, Covid-19 disertakan sebagai variabel yang diduga dapat memengaruhi nilai tukar. Penelitian ini menganalisis stabilitas nilai tukar ASEAN-5 sebelum dan saat pandemi Covid-19. Selain itu, pengaruh faktor makroekonomi seperti inflasi luar negeri, perbedaan suku bunga, ekspor, pertumbuhan ekonomi pada negara ASEAN-5 sudah diamati. Analisis yang digunakan adalah panel statis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, nilai tukar cenderung berfluktuasi pada saat Covid-19. Selain itu, Covid-19 berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi tetapi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ekspor. Selanjutnya, pertumbuhan ekonomi dan ekspor serta perbedaan suku bunga dan inflasi luar negeri berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perubahan nilai tukar negara ASEAN-5 Kata kunci: ASEAN-5, Covid-19, Nilai Tukar, Panel Statis, Covid-19 is one of diseases that have impact on ASEAN-5 Economics especially on Exchange rates. Actually, Exchange rate is one of tools that used for international financial transactions. If exchange rate had high volatility, it would influence economics including international trades. Factors that influenced exchange rates can be seen from economics and non-economics. From economics, variables that have impact on exchange rates such as inflation, export and import, and etc. While from non-economics were politics, pandemic and etc. Covid-19 could be being factor that influenced exchange rates. Therefore, this research has the objectives to analyse stability of ASEAN-5 exchange rates before and during Covid-19. In other sides, it wants seeing influence of macroeconomics factors like foreign inflation, interest differential, export, economic growth in ASEAN–5 Countries. This research used static panel. The result showed exchange rates were more stabil before it came to ASEAN-5 and Covid-19 had negative and significant correlation with economic growth but not to export. In other side, all of macroeconomic factors had significant correlation with exchange rates Keywords: ASEAN-5, Covid-19, Exchange Rates, Static Panel
Keyword: Covid-19, Exchange rates, ASEAN-5