Judul: Pemanfaatan Daun dan Batang Ubikayu sebagai Bahan Baku Silase untuk Pakan Ternak Ruminansia
Abstrak: Silase adalah produk yang terbentuk bilahijauan atau bahan lain yang berkadar air cukup tinggi disimpan secara an aerob. Silase ini dapat dipergunakan sebagaipakan ternak ruminansia.
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Judul: Kualitas Fermentasi dan Nutrisi Silase Ransum Komplit Berbasis Hasil Samping Jagung, Sawit dan Ubi Kayu
Abstrak: Ketersediaan pakan masih menjadi kendala pengembangan ternak ruminansia di Indonesia. Hal ini disebabkan sebagian besar bahan pakan bersifat musiman, terkonsentrasi di suatu wilayah dan tidak tepatnya manajemen pengelolaan pakan yang diterapkan selama ini. Faktor lainnya adalah semakin sempitnya lahan penanaman hijauan pakan karena terjadi pengalihan fungsi menjadi kawasan pemukiman dan industri. Akibatnya kualitas dan harga pakan menjadi fluktuatif, selanjutnya akan mempengaruhi produktivitas ternak. Suatu teknologi penyiapan pakan yang tidak hanya tahan simpan, tetapi juga mengandung nutrien yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan ternak sangat diperlukan. Teknologi pengeringan (hay) dan silase ransum komplit merupakan suatu alternatif penyiapan pakan yang lazim diterapkan. Namun pembuatan hay ini sangat bergantung dengan cuaca, dan kurang tahan simpan. Sebaliknya silase ransum komplit lebih tahan simpan dan pembuatannya dapat dilakukan setiap saat tanpa dipengaruhi oleh musim. Berbeda dengan silase berbahan baku tunggal seperti silase rumput atau jagung, silase ransum komplit mempunyai beberapa keuntungan diantaranya: 1) tersedianya substrat untuk mendukung terjadinya fermentasi yang baik, sehingga mempunyai tingkat kegagalan yang jauh lebih rendah jika dibandingkan dengan silase berbahan tunggal. 2) mengandung nutrien yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan ternak. 3) pakan dapat tersedia secara berkelanjutan dan mudah diberikan pada ternak, karena tidak memerlukan pakan tambahan lainnya.
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Judul: Hubungan antara perdagangan terbuka dan pengembangan sector keuangan di negara-negara Asia Timur dan Asia Selatan
Abstrak: Trading activities play an important role in expanding economic growth. The government can either isolate trading or open trading to other countries. It is possible for a country to be open to trade without financial development. Trade openness and financial development are linked; one part cannot be sustained without the other part. There is a debate regarding the link between these two sectors are stronger in middle income countries or high-income countries. Some studies believe the relationship between these two sectors seem stronger in developed countries while some in developing countries. The link between these two sectors are still inconclusive, thus this research regarding this issue need to be taken in East Asian and South Asian countries. In this study, we analyse data set from 12 countries over the period of 2000 to 2016. The data for financial development is collected by Beck, Demirgüç-Kunt, Čihák, Feyen, and Levine (2018) in Financial Structure Database. Three bankbased financial development measurements are used: liquid liabilities (llgdp), bank assets (dbagdp) and private credit (pcrdbofgdp). Liquid liabilities are defined by the sum of demand and currency and interest-bearing liabilities of financial institutions, divided by GDP. It is usually used as an indicator for financial depth. Bank assets are the value of claims on domestic real nonfinancial sector by deposit money banks as GDP share. Private credit is equal to the value of credits by banks and non-banks to private sector divided by GDP. The data for trade openness is collected from World Development Indicator, published by World Bank (2019). As an indicator in trade openness, trade share is used, in which the logarithm of sum of imports and exports divide GDP (lto). In order to strengthen the results, this research also used controls variables between financial development and trade openness. This study estimates the long- and short-run relationships between trade openness and financial development in East Asian and South Asian countries over the period 2000-2016. Comparing a pooled mean group (PMG) estimator and a mean group (MG) estimator. The regressions are separated based on income levels and regions. The results emphasize that a pooled error correction term predicts that there is a long run relationship between trade openness and financial development. However, only bank assets are insignificant in any regressions. In the short run, mostly financial development indicators are insignificant on trade openness in highand- middle income countries. In addition, robustness test outlines the relationship between trade openness and financial development are insignificant in the long run and short run. It means that the relationship between trade and finance are influenced by omitted variables.
Keyword: trade openness, financial development