Judul: Anotasi Automatis Citra menggunakan Statistical Machine Translation untuk Temu Kembali Citra
Abstrak: Penelitian ini melakukan implementasi anotasi automatis citra menggunakan statistical machine translation untuk temu kembali citra. Penerjemahan citra ke kata dianalogikan seperti menerjemahkan satu bahasa ke bahasa lainnya. Objek untuk penerjemahan diperoleh dari koleksi citra yang telah dianotasi secara manual. Pertama, citra disegmentasi menjadi beberapa region berukuran sama menggunakan segmentasi grid. Region tersebut kemudian direpresentasikan oleh ciri citra yang telah didefinisikan sebelumnya. Kedua, region seluruh citra dikelompokkan menjadi kelompok blob yang berukuran lebih kecil menggunakan algoritme k-means. Ketiga, hubungan antara blob dengan kata dicari menggunakan algoritme expectation maximization. Hubungan yang terbentuk digunakan untuk memprediksi kata yang berhubungan dengan sebuah citra (anotasi automatis).
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Judul: Pelabelan Otomatis Citra Menggunakan Fuzzy C Means untuk Sistem Temu Kembali Citra
Abstrak: Pelabelan citra secara manual memiliki kelemahan karena memerlukan waktu yang banyak dan sangat tergantung pada subjektifitas pengguna dalam mendeskripsikan citra. Oleh karena itu diperlukan pelabelan citra secara otomatis berdasarkan isi citra. Penelitian ini menggunakan Fuzzy C-Means untuk mengelompokkan informasi warna dan tekstur ke dalam beberapa region berdasarkan objek citra. Dari pengelompokkan ini diperoleh kamus kata untuk setiap citra. Dengan adanya kamus kata tersebut diharapkan dapat mempercepat proses temu kembali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai presisi temu kembali citra berdasarkan proses pelabelan ini mencapai 86.68 %.
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Judul: Biology and ecology of the buffalo fly, haematobia exigua de meijere (diptera:muscidae)
Abstrak: The life history of the buffalo fly was observed at room temperature of 27°-29.5°C and at a relative humidity of 48-68 percent. The eggs hatched after 17-22 hours, with an average of 18 hours. First instar larvae measured 1.25 + 0.16 mm long and 0.27 + 0.037 mm wide. reach the second larval stage. It took 6-12 hours to the second instar larvae measured 2.676 +0.187 mm long and 0.353 +0.028 mm wide. The second instar took about 12-24 hours to reach the third larval stage. The third instar measured 6.833 + 0.189 mm long and 0.919 + 0.051 mm wide. It took about 2-3 days for the third instar to become pupae. Duration of the pupal stage was about 5-7 days before the adults emerged. Under laboratory condition, the buffalo fly completed its life cycle in 9.5 to 10.5 days, whereas under field condition it took 9-14 days with an average of 10.5 days. The growth ratio which was based on the measurements of the cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton of each instar was 1.797. The preoviposition period was 8-12 days and mating usually occurred on the 6th or 7th day. The longevity of the male was 29 days, whereas it was 32 days in the female. The range of egg production under laboratory condition was between 20-139 per female fly. The belly and hind legs of the carabao were the most preferred habitat either during cloudy and cool dry or shiny and warm day. When the weather was clear and the carabao was in the shade, the flies tended to be more distributed particularly on the shoulder, dewlap, back and horns. The carabaos had relatively fewer Musca sp. and Stomoxys calcitrans than cattle; never the less carabaos had a higher infestation of buffalo fly than cattle. Oviposition occured either during the day or night but the buffalo flies were more active during the night than in the day time. The effect of various lengths of exposure time of manure in relation to the oviposition was profound. observed, the maximum number of the buffalo flies was occurred when the dung was exposed for 30 minutes. With increasing time of exposure the number and variety of insects also increase. It was evident that Sepsidae and psychodidae were the most dominant insects emerging from the dung. The number of buffalo flies also increased with increasing
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