Judul: Analisis Pengaruh Financial Leverage Terhadap Profitabilitas PT Wijaya Karya (Persero) Tbk.
Abstrak: Financial Leverage merupakan penggunaan aktiva dan sumber dana oleh perusahaan yang memiliki biaya tetap (beban bunga) dengan maksud agar meningkatkan keuntungan potensial pemegang saham. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana pengaruh leverage terhadap profitabilitas PT Wijaya Karya (Persero) Tbk. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan PT Wijaya Karya (Persero) Tbk periode 2008-2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis principal component analysis menggunakan bantuan XLSTAT. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan bahwa leverage berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas PT Wijaya Karya (Persero) Tbk.
Keyword: financial leverage, profitabilitas, principal component analysis

Judul: Pengaruh leverage terhadap profitabilitas pada PT Mitra Niaga Sentratama
Abstrak: Sebuah perusahaan harus mengantisipasi agar tetap mempertahankan eksistensinya di masyarakat yaitu bisa dengan cara diversifikasi usaha. Untuk melakukan diversifikasi usaha dibutuhkan struktur pendanaan yang tepat seperti seberapa banyak modal yang diperlukan, bagaimana rencana alokasi modal dan darimana dana tersebut diperoleh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui struktur modal perusahaan sebelum dan sesudah menjadi PT, mengetahui tingkat cost of capital yang timbul dari penggunaan utang dan mengetahui tingkat keefektifan leverage dari utang yang digunakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan laporan keuangan PT. Mitra Niaga Sentratama tahun 2004 – 2013 dengan menggunakan alat analisis rasio keuangan diantaranya rasio solvabilitas (DR dan DER), rasio profitabilitas (ROI dan Profit Margin) dan WACC (Weighted Average Cost of Capital). Hasil analisis menunjukkan struktur modal sebelum PT menunjukkan tingkat utang jangka panjang sebesar 1,2% dan setelah PT sebesar 10,3% dengan biaya modal yang timbul adalah sebesar 15,48%. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan nilai R square 0,004 yang artinya tingkat Leverage tidak berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas.
Keyword: capital structure, cost of capital, leverage

Judul: Systematics of Desmos (Annonaceae) in Malesia
Abstrak: Desmos is a woody climbing genus of Annonaceae which has been widely used as traditional medicine in several countries such as China, Indo-China, Thailand, and Peninsular Malaysia to treat dysentery, vertigo, fever, and postpartum. Phylogenetic studies on Desmos showed a close relationship between Desmos and Dasymaschalon. They share similar moniliform monocarpic fruits, but their flowers are different. It has been debated among Annonaceae researchers whether both genera should be treated as the same or distinct genus. Therefore, investigation on the taxonomic delimitation of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon will be necessary. Plastid genome (plastome) identification, leaf epidermal section of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon species, a taxonomic revision of Desmos in Malesia using morphological data, the spatial distribution of Desmos species in Malesia, and morphological and genetic variation in Desmos chinensis population using ISSR marker were used to investigate taxonomic delimitation of Desmos. Plastome study of Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was carried out to determine the origin, evolution, phylogenomics, and identify marker candidates for Desmos and Dasymaschalon or with other genera in Annonaceae. We discovered that the plastome of Desmos chinensis was circular with the size of 167,677 bp (smaller than Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum), consist of 111 genes, including 78 protein-coding genes, 29 transfer RNAs, and 4 ribosomal RNAs. The plastome showed a typical quadripartite structure, i.e., large single copy (LSC), small single copy (SSC), and two inverted repeats (IRs). The plastome of Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was 191,488 bp in length, which also exhibited a typical quadripartite structure (LSC, SSC, and two IRs). Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum showed different copies of accD, ndhD, ndhF, rps18, and ycf2. Protein coding genes of rpoB, rpoC1, rbcL, matK, rpl32, infA, and rpl36 were identified based on nucleotide diversity, sequence variability, and parsimony-informative sites. The genes are defined as molecular marker candidates of plastome for phylogenetic, barcoding, and population genetic research. We predicted that Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum separated at ca. 64 million years ago during the Paleocene. Leaf anatomical feature study was carried to support the taxonomic delimitation of interspecific Desmos and intergeneric of Desmos and Dasymaschalon. Leaf anatomy in the paradermal section of 20 taxa (12 species of Desmos, eight species of Dasymaschalon) have been carried out. According to the leaf epidermal section, Desmos and Dasymaschalon are two distinct genera mainly distinguished based on the anticlinal wall undulation of epidermal cells and supported by variation of the crystal type and size. The anticlinal wall undulation of Desmos was almost straight to slightly wavy and never sinuous; meanwhile, Dasymaschalon varies from almost straight to deeply sinusoid. The crystals of Desmos consist of rhombohedral, druse type A, and druse type B crystals, whereas Dasymaschalon has prism, druse type A, druse type B, and druse type C crystals. The recent taxonomic revision using the morphological data was mainly based on the examination of about 1374 specimens from BO, L, WAN, ANDA, SING, SAN, K, P, HUH herbaria. The Desmos species in Malesia consists of eight species: D. acutus, D. chinensis, D. chryseus, D. dunalii, D. pedunculosus, D. subbiglandulosus, two new records: D. lawii and D. macrocarpus, and one
Keyword: Dasymaschalon, Desmoid clade, Magnoliid, plastid genome, phylogenomics analysis