Judul: Interpretation Planning on Birdwatching Program in the Center for Plant Conservation Bogor Botanic Garden, West Java.
Abstrak: Center for Plant Conservation Bogor Botanic Garden of the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (PKT KRB – LIPI) is a favourite destination in Bogor. Most of visitors come to enjoy its beautiful scenery and landscape, but only few of them interest in animals (Ibrahim 2006). In fact, PKT KRB is also a place to stay for some birds, including migrating birds stopover (Sukmantoro 2007). Prior researches has discovered 43 – 62 kinds of bird in PKT KRB since 1932 up to 2013 (Diamond et. al. 1987; Van Balen 1999; Levelink et. al. 1997; Tirtaningtyas 2004). In order to increase visitor interests of birds in PKT KRB a proper interpretation program shall be made to conect a bridge between people and birds that live in PKT KRB. A good interpretation program came from a well-defined plan which made through dynamic and systematic data inventarization, analysis, synthesis and interpretation plan (Sharpe 1982). The research of interpretation planning for birdwatching in PKT KRB was conducted from May 2013 and June 2013. It was carried in 12 areas in PKT KRB based on plant categories. It also equipped with Binoculars, Global Positioning System (GPS), DSLR camera (Nikon D7000), Sigma 150-500 mm lense, tripod, birds identification books, sets of questionaire, interview guidance, PKT KRB’s field map, and a timer. During the activities, data was collected in three times— morning (around 06.00-08.00), noon (around 11.00-13.00), and afternoon (around 15.00-17.00) in each area for three days. Birdwatching data were collected using Mac Kinnon list (MacKinnon et. al. 2010) which consisted of 5 kinds of bird in a list and ended up to 36 list altogether. Despite of birds identification and distribution in PKT KRB through birdwatching activity, the research also conducted to find out visitor, bird experts, and management responses about PKT KRB birdwatching program through interviews. Interview activities were held to 100 respondents from elementary, junior high, and senior high school students, college students, and other visitors. Interview also held to 15 respondets from bird lovers, 2 respondents from bird experts, and 2 respondents from PKT KRB’s management. The research was able to identify 48 kinds of bird which belong to 23 birds family. However, based on interviews, conservation status, endemicities, and bird existances over the years, the numbers of potential bird to be the object of birdwatching program in PKT KRB had been narrowed down to only 25 kinds of bird. In order to increase visitor interest on birdwatching in PKT KRB, the research has come up with 3 different interpretation tracks which suited to areas where most of birds acquitance are high. On the first track, “Water Birds Track”, visitor could see black-crowned night-heron as its main object. Secondly, on the “Rare Birds Track” some rare birds, such as blue-eared kingfisher, collared kingfisher, plain-throated sunbird, and red-breasted parakeet are easily to find in a high rate of acquitence. Thirdly, on the “Endemic Birds Track”, some endemic birds, such as grey-cheeked green-pigeon, scarlet-headed flowerpecker dan olivebacked tailor bird are in a high rate of acquintance. The main topic of this research is “Touting birds diversity in PKT KRB”.
Keyword: Interpretation planning, bird diversity, birdwatching

Judul: Perencanaan Interpretasi Wisata Birdwatching di Resort Balik Bukit Taman Nasional Bukit Barisan Selatan.
Abstrak: Keanekaragaman dan kekayaan burung di Taman Nasional Bukit Barisan Selatan sangat tinggi, salah satunya di Resort Balik Bukit. Hal tersebut merupakan peluang bagi pengembangan wisata birdwatching. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi jenis dan sebaran burung, menganalisis harapan dan keinginan pengunjung dan publik dan menyusun perencanaan interpretasi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April-Mei 2018. Data dikumpulkan melalui telaah pustaka, pengamatan lapangan dan wawancara. Perencanaan interpretasi mengacu pada enam elemen Veverka (what, why, who, how/where/when, implementation and operations, so what). Hasil inventarisasi dijumpai 154 individu burung yang terdiri dari 53 jenis dan 28 famili. Burung yang berpotensi untuk dijadikan objek interpretasi terdiri dari sebelas jenis yaitu burung langka, burung endemik dan burung raptor. Tema besar program adalah “Pesona Burung-Burung Resort Balik Bukit sebagai Kekayaan Sejarah Alam Bukit Barisan Selatan”. Tujuan interpretasi wisata birdwatching yaitu 1) meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran pengunjung terhadap keanekaragaman jenis burung; 2) sarana promosi kawasan wisata alam RBB sebagai tujuan wisata, serta sarana pendidikan dan penelitian. Jalur yang digunakan yaitu jalur Sepapa Kiri (pengamatan burung langka) jalur ini disarankan untuk pengamat pemula (novice), jalur Sepapa Kanan (pengamatan burung endemik dan burung langka) jalur ini disarankan untuk pengamat tingkat lanjut (advanced) dan jalur Penayuhan (pengamatan burung endemik dan raptor) jalur ini disarankan untuk pengamat menengah (intermediate).
Keyword: birdwatching, perencanaan interpretasi, Resort Balik Bukit, Taman Nasional Bukit Barisan Selatan

Judul: Sintesis Senyawa Tetrazola dari Asam Lemak Jenuh.
Abstrak: Senyawa tetrazola merupakan senyawa penting yang banyak digunakan dalam bidang farmasi sebagai obat, bahan bakar jet, ligan pembentuk senyawa koordinasi, dan prekusor pembentukan senyawa heterosiklik lainnya. Senyawa tetrazola dapat disintesis dari minyak nabati melalui senyawa nitril. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengonversi langsung asam lemak jenuh menjadi senyawa lemak tetrazola. Hasil penelitian ini, diharapkan dapat meningkatkan nilai tambah dari minyak nabati. Sintesis dilakukan dalam 2 tahap pada kondisi yang berbeda. Kondisi optimum untuk membentuk nitril pada suhu 295 ºC selama 5 jam dengan kondisi atmosfer nitrogen menghasilkan senyawa nitril sebesar 60─90%. Kondisi yang digunakan untuk reaksi pembentukan tetrazola adalah pada suhu 120 ºC selama 10 jam dengan hasil reaksi 30─50%. Kemurnian lemak nitril dan tetrazola yang diperoleh dengan metode ini ditunjukkan dengan hasil kromatogram kromatografi lapis tipis, spektrum inframerah transformasi fourier, spektrum resonans magnet inti, dan titik leleh.
Keyword: fatty nitrile, Senyawa heterosiklik, tetrazola