Judul: Estimasi Cadangan Karbon Tegakan Area Reklamasi Pertambangan Batubara di Kalimantan Utara Menggunakan Pendekatan Penginderaan Jauh
Abstrak: Kegiatan pertambangan batubara terdiri dari beberapa tahapan, salah satunya adalah land clearing atau pembersihan lahan dari material hutan. Upaya meminimalisir terganggunya lahan dan ekosistem di kawasan tambang adalah dengan melakukan kegiatan reklamasi sesuai dengan Undang-Undang No.3/2020. Reklamasi kawasan tambang dapat menjadi kegiatan pengembalian fungsi hutan produksi berupa jasa lingkungan karena dapat meningkatkan kualitas tegakan seperti pada biomassa dan cadangan karbon. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pemetaan cadangan karbon dengan pemodelan spasial menggunakan penerapan indeks citra sentinel-2A di kawasan reklamasi PT. Pesona Khatulistiwa Nusantara. ..., Land clearance or the removal of forest materials is one of numerous processes involved in mining activities, including coal mining. Reclamation work must be done in compliance with Law No. 3/2020 in order to lessen environmental harm and land disturbance in mining sites. By restoring the forest's natural functions, such as improving the quality of the vegetation, including biomass and carbon storage, reclamation of mining sites can provide an environmental benefit. The goal of this study is to map the carbon reserves in the PT. Pesona Khatulistiwa Nusantara reclamation area using spatial modelling and the Sentinel-2A satellite imagery index. etc ...
Keyword: Carbon, Reclamation, Remote Sensing, Sentinel-2A imaging

Judul: Pendugaan Cadangan Karbon pada Lahan Revegetasi di PT.  Pesona Khatulistiwa Nusantara, Kabupaten Bulungan,  Kalimantan Utara.
Abstrak: Perubahan iklim disebabkan oleh meningkatnya gas rumah kaca (GRK) yang ada di atmosfer, utamanya gas karbon dioksida (CO2). Peningkatan ini dikarenakan banyaknya deforestasi dan degradasi hutan, salah satunya kegiatan pertambangan batubara dengan sistem terbuka. Pertambangan tidak akan berdampak buruk jika dilakukan revegetasi yang dapat berperan dalam upaya peningkatan penyerapan CO2. Dalam hal ini pemantauan cadangan karbon perlu dilakukan secara reguler. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menduga total cadangan karbon dan menganalisis kontribusi kerapatan pohon, luas bidang dasar, dan H’ terhadap cadangan karbon di lahan revegetasi pascatambang batubara PT. Pesona Khatulistiwa Nusantara. Metode yang digunakan yaitu stratified systematic sampling with random start dengan menggunakan plot lingkaran sebesar 17,84 m. Analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini antara lain indeks nilai penting, H’, dan dilakukan uji-t Student serta analisis korelasi pada perangkat lunak R studio. Pendugaan total cadangan karbon (t C/ha) pada lahan revegetasi berdasarkan tahun tanam 2013 sampai 2019 berkisar antara 41,02 t C/ha hingga 151,88 t C/ha. Hasil uji korelasi Pearson antara kerapatan pohon dan total cadangan karbon sebesar 0,851, dan uji korelasi Pearson antara luas bidang dasar dan total cadangan karbon sebesar 0,790., Climate change is caused by increased greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere, mainly carbon dioxide (CO2). This increase is due to the large amount of deforestation and forest degradation, including coal mining with an open pit mining system. Mining will not have a bad impact if revegetation is carried out properly. Revegetation plays an important role in efforts to increase carbon stock and sequestration. However, regular monitoring of carbon stock and equestration is necessary. This study aimed to estimate the total carbon stock and analysed the contribution of tree density, basal area, and H’ to carbon stock in revegetation land after coal mining of PT. Pesona Khatulistiwa Nusantara. The method used was stratified systematic sampling with random start using a circle plot of 17.84 m. The analyses used in this study included the following parameters: importance value index and H’, while Student's t-test and correlation analysis were conducted on R studio software. Estimates of total carbon stocks (t C/ha) on revegetation land based on planting years 2013 to 2019 ranged from 41.02 t C/ha to 151.88 t C/ha. The result of Pearson correlation test between tree density and total carbon stock was 0.851, and Pearson correlation test between basal area and total carbon stock was 0.790.
Keyword: Analisis vegetasi, biomassa, karbon.

Judul: Evaluation of Influenza Antibody Titers in Serum and Egg Yolk of Layers Vaccinated with Influenza Vaccines.
Abstrak: Influenza belongs to the Orthomyxoviridae family which causes upper and lower respiratory tract infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate influenza-A specific antibody titers from serum and egg yolk of hens vaccinated with quadrivalent influenza vaccines. Three Hy-line Brown layers were vaccinated with quadrivalent influenza type A and B inactivated vaccines. Vaccination was carried out three times at a dose of 0.25 ml/chicken via the intramuscular route. The first vaccination was carried out at 24 weeks of age, then boosters were performed at 28 and 32 weeks of age. Serum and egg yolk were collected every week for 20 weeks since the first vaccination. Influenza A H3N2 and H1N1 antibody titers were determined using hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test and agar-gel-precipitation (AGP) test. Influenza-A H3N2 and H1N1 specific antibodies were detected in both serum and egg yolk from the first to twenty weeks after the initial vaccination. Highest HI geometric mean titer (GMT) of H1N1 antibody reached 26.67 HIU at nine weeks post first vaccination (p.f.v), while H3N2 antibody reached 26 HIU at six weeks p.f.v. Our result showed that influenza antibodies can be produced in layers using quadrivalent vaccines and layer chickens are able to produce equivalent antibody levels for each influenza subtype.
Keyword: antibody, egg yolk, influenza, layer chickens, serum