Judul: Identifikasi daging sapi segar dan olahan secara imunologi
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan metoda identi- fikasi daging sapi segar dan olahan secara imunologik serta untuk mengenal jenis protein daging sapi yang paling peka sebagai antigen. Perlakuan percobaan terdiri atas 6 antigen dari 6 jenis daging sapi yaitu daging segar, dendeng basah, dendeng kering, abon, baso mentah dan baso masak dan dilanjutkan dengan 3 antigen jenis protein hasil isolasi dari daging sapi segar yaitu globulin, mioglobin dan aktomiosin. Produksi antibodi diperoleh dari penyuntikan antigen- kepada kelinci. Aktivitas antigenik dan antibodi diamati secara reaksi imuno- logik dengan terbentuknya garis aglutinasi yang ditandai dengan ter- bentuknya garis presipitasi pada agar. Aktivitas antigenik yang dinyatakan dengan nilai titer tertinggi terdapat pada daging segar, baso mentah dan baso masak sampai pengenceran antiserum 32 kali. Dendeng basah dan dendeng kering garis aglutinasi sampai pada pengenceran antiserum 8 kali. Sedangkan aktivitas antigenik abon sudah berubah karena pemanasan, kehilangan sifat antigenitasnya. Aktivitas antigenik globulin daging lebih baik dibandingkan dengan mioglobin. Globulin mampu menghasilkan garis presipitasi hingga pengenceran antiserum 64 kali, sedangkan mioglobin hanya mampu sampai pengenceran antiserum 16 kali.
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Judul: Identifikasi protein daging babi pada produk daging olahan dengan teknik elektroforesis
Abstrak: Salah satu nutrien yang sangat penting untuk tubuh adalah protein. Daging merupakan sumber nutrisi yang berkualitas bagi manusia terutama sebagai sumber protein. Berbagai produk olahan daging telah banyak diproduksi dan dijual di Indonesia, antara lain: bakso, sosis, burger, dan salami. Namun banyaknya kasus pencampuran daging sapi dan daging babi di berbagai daerah dapat memberikan masalah bagi masyarakat yang mengharamkan daging babi. Salah satu metode analisis terhadap protein adalah Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan teknik SDS-PAGE dalam mengidentifikasi protein babi dalam berbagai macam produk daging olahan. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa pada daging babi olahan bakso dan sosis babi ditemukan pita protein penciri yaitu pada Rf 0.21 dengan berat molekul 85 kDa dan pita protein penciri pada daging olahan burger dan salami babi yaitu pada Rf 0.23 dengan berat molekul 84 kDa. Produk daging olahan bakso memiliki jumlah pita protein yang lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan daging olahan sosis, burger, dan salami.
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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