Judul: Evaluasi Pemberian Kombinasi Probiotik Dalam Air Minum Terhadap Organ Dalam dan Saluran Pencernaan Ayam Broiler
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pemberian kombinasi probiotik melalui air minum terhadap bobot organ dalam dan panjang saluran pencernaan ayam broiler. Percobaan ini menggunakan 400 ekor ayam dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari P1 = air minum + 0,005% Placebo dextrosa, P2 = air minum + 0,001% Effective Microorganism-4, P3 = air minum + 0,005% kombinasi probiotik Lactococcus lactis dan Bacillus licheniformis populasi 105 CFU ml-1, P4 = air minum + 0,005% kombinasi probiotik Lactococcus lactis dan Bacillus licheniformis populasi 106 CFU ml-1 . Peubah yang diamati yaitu persentase dari bobot organ dalam, organ imunitas, bobot saluran pencernaan dan panjang relatif saluran pencernaan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penambahan probiotik kombinasi di dalam air minum memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (P<0,05) terhadap persentase bobot bursa Fabricius, duodenum dan panjang relatif sekum, kolon dan duodenum. Pemberian probiotik tidak mengganggu kinerja organ dalam dan imunitas ayam broiler., This study aimeds to evaluate the provision of a combination of probiotics through drinking water on the weight of giblet and the length of the digestive tract of broiler chickens. This experiment used 400 chickens in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 5 replicates. The treatments consisted of P1 = drinking water + 0.005% Placebo dextrose, P2 = drinking water + 0.001% Effective Microorganism-4, P3 = drinking water + 0.005% combination of probiotics Lactococcus lactis and Bacillus licheniformis with population 105 CFU ml-1, P4 = drinking water + 0.005% combination of probiotics Lactococcus lactis and Bacillus licheniformis population with 106 CFU ml-1 , The observed variables were the percentage of giblet weight, immunity organ, digestive tract weight and relative length of the digestive tract. The results showed that the addition of probiotic combination in drinking water had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the percentage weight of bursa Fabricius, duodenum, and relative length of cecum, conlon and duodenum. Provision probiotics did not interfere with the performance of internal organs and immunity of broiler chickens
Keyword: broiler, imunitas, organ dalam, saluran pencernaan, probiotik

Judul: Evaluation of Probiotic Combination Supplementation in the Diet on Giblet and Digestive Tract Weight of Broiler Chickens
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pemberian kombinasi probiotik Lactococcus lactis dan Bacillus licheniformis dalam ransum terhadap bobot organ dalam dan saluran pencernaan ayam broiler. Percobaan ini menggunakan 300 ekor ayam broiler strain Cobb dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 3 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari P1 = Ransum dengan pemberian 0,1% plasebo CaCO3 (kontrol), P2 = Ransum dengan pemberian 0,1% kombinasi probiotik Lactococcus lactis dan Bacillus lichenimorfis populasi 105 CFU g-1 pakan, dan P3 = Ransum dengan pemberian 0,1% kombinasi probiotik Lactococcus lactis dan Bacillus lichenimorfis populasi 106 CFU g-1 pakan. Peubah yang diamati yaitu persentase bobot dan panjang relatif saluran pencernaan, bobot organ dalam, dan organ imunitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi probiotik Lactoccoccus lactis dan Bacillus licheniformis populasi 106 CFU g-1 dalam ransum berpengaruh nyata (P, This study aimed to evaluate the supplementation of a combination of Lactococcus lactis and Bacillus licheniformis probiotics in the diet on the weight of giblet and the digestive tract of broiler chickens. The experiment used 300 Cobb strain broiler chickens with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 3 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments consisted P1 Diet with 0.1% placebo CaCO3 (control), P2 Diet with 0.1% combination of Lactococcus lactis and Bacillus licheniformis probiotics at a population of 105 CFU g¹, and P3 = Diet with 0.1% combination of Lactococcus lactis and Bacillus licheniformis probiotics at a population of 106 CFU g¹. Variables observed were the percentage of the weight and relative length of the digestive tract, giblet and immune organs weight. The results showed that the combination of probiotics Lactococcus lactis and Bacillus licheniformis with a population of 10 CFU g¹ in diet significantly (P<0.05) decreased kidney weight and cecum relative length, increased bile and thymus weight. The combination of probiotics Lactococcus lactis and Bacillus licheniformis with a population of 10 CFU g¹ in diet significantly (P<0.05) increased the weight of jejunum and ileum due to improved nutrient absorption facilitated by probiotics in the digestive tract. The conclusion of this study is the supplementation of a combination of Lactococcus lactis and Bacillus licheniformis probiotics with a population of 10 CFU g¹ in diet can improve the function of internal organs and the digestive tract, and enhance the immune response of broiler chickens.
Keyword: broiler, imunitas, organ dalam, probiotik, saluran pencernaan

Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4