Judul: Antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from one broiler farm at Cibangbara Village, Sukabumi District
Abstrak: Antibiotics are widely used in poultry for therapeutic, prophylactic, and growth promotion purposes. S. aureus resistant to antibiotic, also an opportunist pathogen cause infection in human and animal. The aim of this research was to determine the antibiotic resistance of S. aureus were isolated from the cloaca swabs in from one broilers farm in Cibangbara Village, Sukabumi District. Fifteen S. aureus isolated showed present of S. aureus. The antibiotics that were used in this study were tetracycline, oxytetracycline, erythromycin, nalidixic acid, ampicillin, chloramphenicol and gentamicin. The resistance of S. aureus to various antibiotics was tested by the Kirby-Bauer method. The results were compared with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI 2008). S. aureus isolates were resistant towards tetracycline (100%), oxytetracycline (100%), erythromycin (100%), nalidixic acid (60%), ampicillin (26.7%), chloramphenicol (20%), and gentamicin (6.7%). In conclusion, S. aureus showed resistant to tetracycline, oxytetracycline and erythromycin while still susceptible toward gentamicin and chloramphenicol.
Keyword: antibiotics, resistance, S. aureus

Judul: Gambaran Resistensi Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus Isolat dari Ayam Broiler terhadap Antibiotik
Abstrak: Antibiotik banyak digunakan dipeternakan ayam dengan dosis yang tidak sesuai sehingga dapat memicu terjadinya resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik. Bakteri yang telah mengalami resistensi terhadap beberapa antibiotik salah satunya adalah Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus aureus menyebabkan penyakit bumblefoot, infeksi pada kulit dan radang sendi pada ayam, sedangkan pada manusia dapat menyebabkan toxic shock syndrome akibat dari keracunan pangan. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan gambaran resistensi bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dari isolat ayam broiler terhadap beberapa jenis antibiotik. penelitian ini menggunakan 2 buah sampel swab trakea dari 2 ekor ayam broiler. Isolat kemudian diuji resistensinya terhadap 7 jenis antibiotik yaitu enrofloksasin, ampisilin, amoksisilin, gentamisin, oksitetrasiklin, eritromisin, dan vankomisin. Pengujian dilakukan dengan cara mengukur diameter zona hambat yang terbentuk oleh koloni bakteri kemudian dibandingkan dengan standar sensitivitas antibiotik yang ditetapkan oleh CLSI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus isolat dari swab trakea ayam broiler telah mengalami resistensi terhadap antibiotik enrofloksasin, ampisilin, amoksisilin, oksitetrasiklin, dan eritromisin. Antibiotik yang masih dapat digunakam untuk mengobati penyakit yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Staphylococcus aureus adalah gentamisin, dan vankomisin.
Keyword: antibiotik, Staphylococcus aureus, resistensi

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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