Judul: Ketahanan Benih Udang Vaname Litopenaeus vannamei SPF (Specific Pathogen Free) Terhadap Infeksi Buatan TSV (Taura Syndrome Virus)
Abstrak: White shrimp culture had suffered from losses due to the outbreak of TSV in which mortality could achieved 95%. Therefore SPF shrimp is required as a preventive effort. This research was conducted to evaluate the resistance of white shrimp seed obtained from several SPF broodstock to TSV. Infection of TSV was carried out by feeding flesh of TSV-infected shrimp to PL 30 for 2 days at a feeding rate of 50%. After that, shrimp was fed commercial diet at 10% feeding rate till the end of experiment (11 days of culture). Parameters observed included survival rate, clinical symptoms, and weigth gain. After 11 days of culture, all the tested shrimps were infected, showing clinical symptom namely black spot on the body and the tail became red. The highest survival rate was obtained at S6 code (77,33±3,51%), while the lowest was observed at S4 code but statistically was different significantly (P<0,05) compared to other.
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Judul: Effect of Giving Recombinant Viral Inhibitor Protein (VIP) on Vannamei Shrimp with Different Doses After Infected with WSSV
Abstrak: Penyakit white spot akibat WSSV menjadi faktor besar yang dapat memengaruhi kemunduran industri budidaya udang vaname karena memiliki virulensi yang tinggi, yaitu menyebabkan mortalitas hingga 100% dalam waktu 3–10 hari sejak terinfeksi. Alternatif yang dapat dilakukan yaitu pemberian rekombinan viral inhibitor protein (VIP) untuk menghambat aktivitas WSSV secara langsung sehingga dapat menurunkan tingkat kematian pada udang. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan dosis VIP optimal yang diaplikasikan melalui pakan terhadap tingkat mortalitas dan respons imun udang vaname yang telah terinfeksi WSSV. Penelitian ini terdiri dari empat perlakuan dan enam ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari K- (tanpa VIP dan tanpa diuji tantang WSSV), K+ (tanpa VIP dan diuji tantang WSSV), V1 (dosis VIP 5 mg/kg pakan dan diuji tantang WSSV), dan V2 (dosis VIP 7,5 mg/kg pakan dan diuji tantang WSSV). Udang diuji tantang WSSV lalu dipelihara selama tujuh hari dengan kepadatan 50 ekor dalam 5 L air. Protein VIP diberikan pada satu hari setelah udang terinfeksi. Hasil penelitian secara signifikan (P<0,05) menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan VIP memiliki nilai TM yang lebih rendah dan respons imun yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan K+. Pemberian VIP 7,5 mg/kg pakan menunjukkan nilai TM dan respons imun terbaik., White spot disease due to WSSV is a major factor that can affect the decline of the vannamei shrimp aquaculture industry because it has high virulence, which causes mortality up to 100% within 3–10 days from infection. An alternative that can be use is by giving recombinant viral inhibitor protein (VIP) to inhibit WSSV activity directly so that it can decrease the mortality rate of shrimp from WSSV infection. This study aimed to obtain the optimal dose of VIP which was applied through feed to the mortality rate and immune responses of vannamei shrimp that had been exposed to WSSV. This study consisted of four treatments and six replications. The treatments consisted of K- (without VIP and not being challenged with WSSV), K+ (without VIP and challenged with WSSV), V1 (VIP dose 5 mg/kg feed and challenged with WSSV), and V2 (VIP dose 7,5 mg/kg feed and challenged with WSSV). Shrimp were challenged with WSSV and then maintained for seven days at a density of 50 individuals in 5 L of water. VIP protein was given one day after the shrimp was infected. The results showed significantly (P<0,05) that the VIP treatment had a lower MR value and a higher immune responses values compared to K+. Giving VIP 7,5 mg/kg of feed showed the best resistance and immune responses values.
Keyword: respons imun, tingkat mortalitas, VIP, WSSV

Judul: Peranan Pemimpin Informal dalam Menggerakan Partisipasi Masyarakat  untuk Pembangunan Desa
Abstrak: Pendekatan pembangunan yang banyak diterima para ahli adalah pendekatan dari bawah ke atas (bottom up) yang berarti bahwa dalam pembangunan diperlukan keikutsertaan rakyat. Keikutsertaan tidak hanya pada tahap merencanakan pembangunan, akan tetapi juga ikut dalam melaksanakan, bahkan sampai pada menilai hasil-hasil pembangunan (Cohen dan Uphoe 1977; Dusseldorp, 1981; Slamet, 1993). Agar rakyat yang berhimpun dalam kelompok-kelompok dapat ikut serta, mereka harus memiliki sejumlah kualifikasi yang diperlukan untuk itu.
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