Judul: Peranan Modal Sosial Dalam Meningkatkan Efektivitas Program Corporate Social Responsibility Dan Taraf Hidup Masyarakat
Abstrak: Corporate Social Responsibility merupakan bentuk tanggung jawab yang mutlak dilakukan oleh perusahaan sebagai kewajiban terhadap masyarakat dan lingkungan sekitar. Program CSR menjadi sebuah solusi dalam pemecahan masalah di tengah masyarakat terkait dengan dampak operasinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kekuatan modal sosial, efektivitas Program Kemitraan, dan taraf hidup masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan didukung oleh data kualitatif. Data kuantitatif dikumpulkan melalui wawancara terstruktur dengan menggunakan daftar pertanyaan (kuesioner). Sedangkan data kualitatif dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan dokumen. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya kekuatan modal sosial masyarakat yang tergolong cukup kuat, efektivitas Program Kemitraan tergolong cukup tinggi dan taraf hidup mayoritas pada tingkat sedang. Pada penelitian ini modal sosial dapat meningkatkan efektivitas Program Kemitraan dan taraf hidup masyarakat. Selain itu, terdapat hubungan antara modal sosial dengan efektivitas program dan taraf hidup masyarakat.
Keyword: CSR, efektivitas program, modal sosial, taraf hidup

Judul: Hubungan Modal Sosial dan Efektivitas Program Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) dengan Kemandirian Masyarakat
Abstrak: Adanya pertumbuhan perusahaan di Indonesia, diharapkan dapat memperbaiki perekonomian masyarakat lokal, dengan mengembangkan potensi masyarakat lokal melalui aksi pemberdayaan dan kemandirian masyarakat. Kegiatan usaha di Indonesia yang berhubungan dengan pengelolaan sumberdaya alam sudah diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 40 tahun 2007 pasal 74. Sehingga diterapkannya program-program Corporate Social Responsibility menjadi hal yang penting untuk dilaksanakan oleh perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis, modal sosial peserta program CSR; efektivitas program CSR; kemandirian masyarakat penerima program CSR; menganalisis hubungan modal sosial dengan efektivitas program CSR; serta menganalisis hubungan efektivitas program CSR dengan kemandirian masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif yang didukung oleh data kualitatif. Data kuantitatif diolah menggunakan analisis Rank Spearman Correlation dengan pemilihan responden menggunakan metode sensus. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kekuatan modal sosial, tingkat efektivitas program CSR, dan kemandirian masyarakat pada kategori tinggi. Pada penelitian ini terdapat hubungan antara modal sosial dengan efektivitas program CSR, ditemukan pula hubungan antara efektivitas program CSR dengan kemandirian masyarakat.
Keyword: Corporate Social Responsibility, Efektivitas program, Kemandirian Masyarakat, Modal Sosial

Judul: Phylogeography and Species Limits in the Papuan White Snake (Micropechis ikaheka) (Reptilia: Serpentes: Elapidae)
Abstrak: Papua white snake, Micropechis ikaheka, has been distingushed into two subspecies M.i. ikaheka and M.i. fasciatus. However, due to lack of data on their morphology, distribution and ecology, both subspecies often ignored in scintific discussions and refers only byas , Micropechis ikaheka. This study was designed to document the differences between M.i. ikaheka and M.i fasciatus by using scales characteristics and reproductive organ or hemipenes. The study also examine, zoogeography, habitat, diet and cannibalism of both subspecies to better understanding the the ecology of one of the most venomous snakes in the world. This study consists of three topics with method and also different in the size samples, respectively. The first study is the histology and microtopography of the skin were studied using paraffin method and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The second is the hemipenis were examined by following Myers and Cadle (2003), and Zaher and Prudente (2003). The third is the abdominal surgery was carried out to document diet type and the investigate phenomenon of cannibalism in the snake. Specimens for this study came from the collection from Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB) and Universitas Negeri Papua’s Laboratory (LZU). The research result also indicated that the markers of skin and hemipenis described the same structure and microornamentation in all M. ikaheka groups being compared. Based specimens examined morphological descriptions do not s support the further differentiation in Micropechis. In short, two markers that used in this study could not sufficiently indicate the differences in the level of species and subspecies of M. ikaheka. The study, however, were able to delineate zoogeography and skin color patterns, which fall into four groups: M. i. ikaheka; M. i. fasciatus. M. i. ssp. “intermediate”; and M. i. ssp “black”. This study also revealed that color variations did not overlap in their geographic distribution. It is therefore, it suggested that environmental factors may contribute to the skin color variations. It also assumed that habitat discontinuous and biogeography factors may also cause the loss of the connection between the original populations (vicarians) or follow colonization events (dispersal). The examined of 22 stomach contents of M. ikaheka shows this species is carnivorous, and prey on vertebrates such as amphibians, fish, reptiles, and Mammals. These snakes are opportunistic predators since they prey on all that can be captured, but mainly reptiles (61.5%), followed by mammals and fish (both 15.4%), and amphibians (7.7%). Although categorized as terrestrial animal, the diet study showed that M. ikaheka snakes often go into the water to hunt for fish (the sample from Yapen island), including eel (the sample from Aru island). Based on prey items indentified, there is evidence that M. ikaheka is cannibal. At this time, there still no record on reason for cannibalism, but it is assumed that cannibalism was due to competition between populations and means to control population.
Keyword: geographic variation, white snake, papua