Judul: Pendugaan Indeks Standar Hidup Layak dengan Pendekatan Sebaran Lognormal
Abstrak: Human Development Index (HDI) is formed by three components such as health, education, and decent living. To calculate the process of decent living index BPS increased the average household expenditure per capita by 20%. The increase was due to the average household expenditure from SUSENAS (Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional) was assumed to be under estimate. The distribution of the average household expenditure per capita, that is used to calculate the decent living index, is heavily skewed to the right. Therefore, it is more appropriate to use a lognormal approach. Thus, we need to examine the method used by BPS and lognormal approach as an alternative method through simulation. Based on the evaluation, if the data has a high variance, the lognormal approach is better than the method used by BPS. In additional to the simulation, the approach was implemented on the data of household expenditure per capita in DKI Jakarta province at 2010 by using lognormal approach. Results show that the decent living index is slightly larger than the result from BPS publication, the difference is due to the different approach used to calculate the decent living index. Ilustration on the Atkinson formula was done to get an evaluation on Atkinson formula to determine the maximum achievement of decent living index that can be achieved by provinces in Indonesia. Results show that by using the adjustment of the Atkinson formula it will be difficult for provinces in Indonesia to reach the maximum decent living index. Ilustration show that the decent living index provinces in Indonesia will only be a round 0.70.
Keyword: a decent living index, Atkinson formula, expenditure per capita, Human Development Index (HDI), Lognormal

Judul: The  performance  of  local  government expenditure  and  human development  index  in  Indonesia:  analysis  of districts  / municipalities data 2010-2012
Abstrak: Pembangunan tidak hanya dinilai berdasarkan tingginya pertumbuhan ekonomi saja namun tingkat kesejahteraan masyarakat perlu diperhatikan. Kesejateraan masyarakat dapat dinilai berdasarkan nilai IPM. Adanya desentralisasi fiskal melalui belanja fungsi daerah diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pembangunan daerah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis keterkaitan belanja fungsi pemerintah daerah terhadap komponen IPM kabupaten/kota di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode data panel, dengan data cross section sebanyak 192 kabupaten/kota di Indonesia dan data time series periode 2010-2012. Hasil dari analisis metode data panel menunjukkan belanja fungsi ekonomi, belanja fungsi pendidikan dan belanja fungsi kesehatan berpengaruh positif terhadap angka harapan hidup, angka melek huruf dan rata-rata lama sekolah., Development is not only judged by the high rate of economic growth but also by the public welfare level. Public welfare can be evaluated based on human development index. The existence of fiscal decentralization through local expenditure function is expected to improve regional development.The purpose of this research is to analyze the relationship between the functions of local government expenditure and the components of HDI districts / municipalities in Indonesia. Panel data method is applied with cross section data of 192 districts / municipalities and time series data set in 2010-2012 period is used in this research. The result shows that economic function expenditure, education function expenditure, and health function expenditure give a positive effect on life expectancy, literacy rates and average length of study.
Keyword: belanja fungsi daerah, desentralisasi fiskal, data panel, IPM

Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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