Judul: Sistem Peringkat Bahaya Kebakaran Hutan di Propinsi Kalimantan Barat
Abstrak: Land cover over West Kalimantan consists of forests, swamps mixed with peat, shrubs, and reeds. Field data of 2009 indicate that hotspots in the region mostly observed from May to August 2009. The largest number of hotspots indicate that region has great potential for experiencing forest fires. Impact of forest fires causes financial losses of local as well as non-local regions. The negative impact of forest fires can be minimized by makes plans of forest fire control, whereas the plan can be made easier if the level of fire danger could be known earlier. Keetch Byram Drought Index system is a popular system which is used to determine the rate of danger of forest fire in West Kalimantan. Calculation of this index only requires observational data of daily rainfall and daily maximum temperature. When a larger value of KBDI prevails, the potential of forest fires increases. On the other hand, when the value of KBDI is small, the probability of forest fire becomes less. Probability of forest fire in 2010 may be estimated fire danger rating using the previous data period. The average daily maximum value of KBDI in 1990 until 2009 show that West Kalimantan has a relative high level of fire danger. Region around Supadio and Sintang weather stations reach an extreme class value.
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Judul: Pendugaan Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca CO2 Akibat Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan pada Berbagai Tipe Tutupan Lahan di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat Tahun 2000-2009
Abstrak: Forest fire is one of forest disturbance that may reduce forest area in Indonesia. West Kalimantan is one of Indonesian provinces that are vulnerable to forest fire. It is caused by land use changes that occurred in West Kalimantan Province. Forest fire has a huge impact, it has related with carbondioxide (CO2) emissions are produced. This research was conducted between April and June 2012 at Forest Fires Laboratory, Departement of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University. The data used is hotspot data from Fire Information Resources Management System (FIRMS), precipitation data from Center for Meteorology Climatology and Geophysic (BMKG), and land cover map of West Kalimantan from Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO). Hotspot data were processed to estimate burned area in each land covers, thus carbondioxide emissions could be obtained. The purpose of this research is to analyze forest and land fire occurrences on different land covers in West Kalimantan in 2000-2009 and to estimate their carbon dioxide emissions., Kebakaran hutan merupakan salah satu gangguan yang semakin menurunkan luas hutan di Indonesia. Kalimantan Barat merupakan salah satu provinsi dengan tingkat kebakaran hutan dan lahan yang tinggi di Indonesia. Hal tersebut didorong oleh perubahan penggunaan lahan yang terjadi di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Kebakaran hutan dan lahan memiliki dampak yang sangat besar, salah satunya terkait emisi karbondioksida yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kejadian kebakaran hutan dan lahan pada berbagai tipe tutupan lahan di Kalimantan Barat dan menduga luas area terbakar dari titik panas yang terdeteksi di Kalimantan Barat pada tahun 2000-2009 serta menduga emisi karbondioksida yang dihasilkannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan April sampai dengan Juni 2012 di Laboratorium Kebakaran Hutan, Departemen Silvikultur, Fakultas Kehutanan, Institut Pertanian Bogor dengan menggunakan data hotspot (titik panas) harian, data curah hujan, dan peta tutupan lahan Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Data sebaran hotspot tersebut diolah untuk memperoleh pendugaan potensi luas area terbakar. Luas area terbakar pada masing-masing penutupan lahan digunakan untuk menduga emisi karbondioksida akibat kebakaran hutan dan lahan.
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Judul: Optimization of Alginate-Chitosan Microcapsules Formation for Leydig Cells Encapsulation
Abstrak: Hypogonadism is a clinical condition characterized by low concentrations of testosterone. It is caused by malfunction of Leydig cells in producing testosterone. Encapsulation method will protect the transplanted cells from the immune system rejection. The aims of this study was to optimize the formation of microcapsules for Leydig cells encapsulation. The microcapsules were made of alginate and chitosan as the first and the second coating agents, respectively. The result showed that the minimum concentration of alginate was 1.5% (w/v) with a viscosity of 33.8 cPs, resulted spherical microcapsules with diameters of 230-270 µm. The optimum concentration of chitosan as the second coating agent was 0.5% (w/v), resulted spherical microcapsule with mechanical stability in 4 hours. Leydig cells can be trapped inside the capsule with a density that proportional with concentration of cells used in the encapsulation.
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