Judul: The analysis of farm household economic behaviors at three food and estate villages in Lampung Province
Abstrak: The agricultural policies issued by the government are generally homogenous. In reality, farmers and families cannot be treated homogenously since there are behavioral differences in econo~ that are different in agro ecosystem and the main commodities being cultivated. The succe~ f agricultural development (Agricultural Revitalization), especially in improving the agriculmu-al productivity and the farmer income, the policies applied should consider the behaviiraI differences. ~.The characteristics of farm households in Lampung Province specifically between food crops ~ce and cassava) and estate crops (coffee) is assumed to have different impacts on the farm ~usehold economic behaviors. It especially has differences in the farm household workf(jce system, income, consumption, investment and saving. Therefore, it is interested to study $ e farm household economic behaviors in Lampung Province. The purposes of this study are cB to analyze the farm household economy especially the structure of workforce use, incomi expenditures and food sustainability in the villages with food and estate crops (2) to analyz! the factors influencing the economic behaviors of the farm household of food and estate crops, ~d (3) to evaluate the impacts of external and internal factor changes on production, fertili~r use, income, consumption, investment and saving of food and estate crop farm houselihlds. ~. The analysis uses tabulation, test of differences and econometric methods using simulTeous equations. The results of economic analysis show that the income of rice and estate villages mainly comes from agriculture, whereas that of cassava comes from non agriculture. The use o~amily workforce to earn living has not fulfilled the Central Statistic Bureau criteria for full time workers, even though it has met those of food sustainabiIi ty. The rice production is not responsive against price changes (except estate village), but responsive against the workforce use. Cassava and coffee productions are affected by prices even though it is not responsive. The use of workforce in the food viJIages are influenced by and responsive against the wage levels, whereas in the coffee village is influenced by and responsive against the values of coffee production. Food consumption in the three villages are influenced by the number of family members, even though it is responsive only in the rice village. In the estate village, the food consumption is very much influenced by and responsive against the values of coffee production. Human investment and saving of rice and estate villages are influenced by and responsive against agricultural income, whereas those in cassava village is influenced by non agricultural income. The increase of output priceUtls a positive impact on production and input use, especially in food villages. On the other hanle increase on input price has negative impact on production, especially in the rice village . The crease on the use of family workers has positive impact on farming productivity and hou old income, especially in rice village. In the estate village, the increase in agricultural equi~nt investment has a positive impact on production and income.
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Judul: Performance analysis of farming and the impact of an increase in the budget of the fiscal performance of the agricultural sector, the productivity and income farmers rice of west java province
Abstrak: Penelitian ini terkait analisis kinerja usahatani dan dampak peningkatan anggaran sektor pertanian terhadap kinerja fiskal, produktivitas dan pendapatan petani serta menganalisis postur pengelolaan anggaran sektor pertanian di provinsi Jawa Barat. Untuk melihat kinerja dan pengelolaan anggaran pembangunan khususnya sektor pertanian dilakukan analisis deskripsi melalui kajian berbagai literatur dan fokus diskusi grup dengan instansi terkait. Sementara untuk mengukur indikator kinerja usahatani di tingkat mikro diperlukan suatu penelitian yang berbasis data primer dengan menggunakan 3 Kabupaten sebagai unit sampel yaitu Kabupaten Karawang, Kabupaten Cianjur dan Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja usaha tani padi di pedesaan pada sentra produski pangan khususnya padi. Data primer meliputi (1) data input-output usahatani komoditas dominan yang dilakukan oleh rumah tangga di desa contoh, (2) struktur dan pendapatan setahun rumah tangga petani di desa contoh, (3) data produksi dan pendapatan dari setiap cabang usahatani yang diusahakan. Kemudian untuk melihat dampak peningkatan anggaran sektor pertanian, dilakukan pendekatan data sekunder dengan sistem persamaan simultan yaitu model ekonometrika dengan 5 blok model persamaan yaitu; (1) blok penerimaan, (2) blok pengeluaran, (3) blok PDRB, (4) blok tenaga kerja/upah tenaga kerja dan (5) blok produksi. Kemudian untuk melihat dampak berbagai kebijakan pemerintah terhadap berbagai variabel dalam model persamaan dilakukan simulasi kebijakan dengan 5 skenario kebijakan baik tunggal dan kombinasi dengan basis data time series 1999-2013, This research releted analysis performance usahatani effet and increase the agricultural budget on the performance fiscal, productivity and income farmers and analyzing posture management the agricultural budget in the province of west java. To view the performance and management of the development budget in particular sectors of agriculture conducted an analysis of various literary studies through descriptionand focus group discussions with relevant agencies. While the indicator to measure the performance of farming in the micro level required a research based on primary data by using the 3 counties as the sample unit that Karawang, Cianjur, and Bogor regency. This research aims to analyze the performance of a rice farmer in rural production food centers in particural on rice. Primary data include (1) input-output data farming is the dominant commodities made by households in the village of samples, (2) the structure of household income a year and farmers inthe village of example, (3) data production and revenue from every branch of fa.rming are grown. Then to see the impact of an increase in the budget, the agricultural sector performed secondary data approach with a system of simultaneous equations econometrics models with 5 blocks of model equations, namely (1) block acceptance, (2) block tha expenditure, (3) block of GDP, (4) block labor/wage labor and, (5) production blocks. Then to look at the impact of various government policies against various variables in the model equation is done with 5 policy simulation scenario policy both single and combined with time series data base 1999-2013.
Keyword: Farming; Budget, Ffiscal performance, Productivity, Householf farmers and farmer income, Usahatani, Anggaran, Kinerjafiscal, Produktivitas, Rumah tangga petani, Pendapatan petani

Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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