Judul: Hubungan Antara Viabilitas, Motilitas, dan Keutuhan Membran Plasma Spermatozoa Semen Beku Sapi Limousin
Abstrak: Limousine is a popular beef cattle among farmers. According to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI), the quality of frozen semen that is distributed and used to inseminate cattle must have a post-thawing motility of > 40% and an individual scoring > 2. This study aimed to test the quality of Limousine frozen semen with different parameters, namely the percentage of spermatozoa motility, live-dead spermatozoa (viability; indicator of viable sperm), the percentage of plasma membrane integrity of spermatozoa (MI) and to find the relationship between these three parameters. The motility was assessed subjectively using three evaluators, the viability was assessed with eosin nigrosin staining and membrane integrity (MI) was tested using hypo osmotic swelling (HOS) test. All was observed under the microscope and data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation SPSS 16 for windows. Data showed that the frozen semen of all four individuals were still in good condition and the post thawing motility of all bulls qualified the SNI for frozen semen of bulls. There was a positive correlation between motility and viability, motility and MI as well as viability and membrane integrity.
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Judul: Penentuan Waktu Optimal Pengujian Keutuhan Membran Plasma Spermatozoa Semen Beku Sapi Limousin dan Frisien Holstein Menggunakan Hypo-Osmotic Swelling (HOS) Test.
Abstrak: The study was conducted to determine the optimal time to test the integrity of plasma membrane of Limousin and Frisien Holstein (FH) bull frozen semen spermpatozoa using hypoosmotic swelling (HOS) test. A total of 15 samples from each bull used. All samples were incubated in a hypoosmotic solution with osmolarity of 150 mOsm Kg-1 for 60 minutes. The hypoosmotic solution made by admix 1.351 g fructose, 0.735 Na-citrate and water until the volume was 100 ml. Every 15 minutes the whole sample was evaluated the percentage of spermatozoa that reacts to the solution. Optimal time was obtained at 30’ and 45’, both on Limousin and FH frozen semen. The mean percentage of reacted Limousin bull spermatozoa at 30’ and 45’ respectively were 53.90 ± 6.81 % and 52.47 ± 8.00 %. Whereas the FH bull spermatozoa was 44.52 ± 6.26 % and 44.46 ± 8.42 %. Spermatozoa from frozoen semen needs time to react to hypoosmotic solution due to the added of freezing diluent. This causes the spermaozoa did not react immediately to the hypoosmotic solution. Plasma membrane integrity is very important for sperm fertility. Fertility enzymes contained in the head of spermatozoa, thus if the plasma membrane of the head broken, spermatozoa will lose their fertility. Similarly in the tail, if the plasma membrane broken, spermatozoa will lose their motility.
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Judul: Kerugian ekonomi akibat serangan rayap pada bangunan perumahan di dua wilayah DKI Jakarta (Kotamadya Jakarta Barat dan Jakarta Timur)
Abstrak: Perusakan bangunan rumah oleh rayap dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lingkungan tempat hidupnya. Peranannya bervariasi untuk masing-masing tempat. Daerah-daerah tertentu misalnya dekat sungai, banyak pepohonan, kelembaban, dan curah hujan yang cukup cenderung tinggi tingkat serangan rayapnya. Daerah Kecamatan Keramat Jati dan Ciracas merupakan daerah yang kerugian ekonominya cukup tinggi, yaitu sebesar Rp. 5.496.490 dan Rp. 4.193.353, disusul daerah Palmerah, Kembangan, Kebun Jeruk dengan kerugian sebesar Rp. 4.895.392, Rp. 4.735.653, dan Rp. 4.732.646. Kerugian yang terkecil terdapat pada daerah Kecamatan Cipayung yaitu sebesar Rp. 4.255.909. Penelitian juga mengungkapkan bahwa adanya hubungan antara umur bangunan rumah dengan tingkat serangan rayap dan besarnya kerugian ekonomi akibat serangan rayap. Tingkat serangan rayap dan kerugian ekonomi berbanding lurus dengan kelas umur bangunan rumah, semakin besar umur bangunan tingkat serangan rayap dan kerugian ekonomi akan semakin besar. Daerah Kecamatan Keramat Jati, Ciracas dan Palmerah perlu mendapat perhatian yang serius, mengingat daerah tersebut mempunyai kerugian ekonomi yang cukup tinggi akibat serangan rayap. Diharapkan para pengambil kebijaksanaan dalam merancang desain bangunan perumahan dapat memperhatikan proteksi bangunan terhadap bahaya rayap.
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