Judul: Aktivitas Antioksidan Hidrolisat Protein Daging Ikan Kuniran Hasil Fermentasi Lactobacillus plantarum SK(5).
Abstrak: Ikan kuniran merupakan ikan hasil tangkapan samping yang tergolong ke dalam ikan berprotein tinggi dan berpotensi sebagai hidrolisat protein. Hidrolisis menggunakan bakteri selama fermentasi diduga mampu menghasilkan peptida bioaktif yang bersifat antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan: (1) waktu fermentasi pada pembuatan hidrolisat protein daging ikan kuniran hasil fermentasi L. plantarum SK(5), (2) pengaruh perbedaan konsentrasi starter terhadap karakteristik mikrobiologi dan kimiawi selama fermentasi, dan (3) pengaruh konsentrasi starter terhadap aktivitas antioksidan. Produksi hidrolisat protein daging ikan kuniran melalui fermentasi dilakukan menggunakan starter L. plantarum SK(5) pada konsentrasi starter 5%, 10%, dan 15% (v/w). Waktu fermentasi terpilih yaitu selama 5 hari dengan nilai total asam tertitrasi 1,78±0,02%, dan pH 3,96±0,00. Konsentrasi starter 5% merupakan perlakuan terbaik dalam pembuatan hidrolisat protein daging ikan kuniran hasil fermentasi dengan nilai derajat hidrolisis 12,81±0,03%, dan aktivitas antioksidan (IC50) 4,23±0,04 mg/ml.
Keyword: antioksidan, fermentasi, hidrolisat protein, ikan kuniran, L. plantarum SK(5)

Judul: Fermentasi Daging Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) dengan Penambahan Starter Lactobacillus plantarum SK(5) pada Konsentrasi yang Berbeda.
Abstrak: Fermentasi menggunakan bakteri starter bertujuan untuk menghasilkan karakteristik produk yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh penambahan starter L. plantarum SK(5) dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda terhadap karakteristik kimiawi dan mikrobiologis produk fermentasi ikan nila, serta menentukan total bakteri asam laktat (BAL) dan kadar air sebelum dan sesudah pengeringan pada produk terpilih. Konsentrasi starter yang ditambahkan pada daging ikan nila yaitu 5%, 7.5%, dan 10%. Karakteristik mikrobiologis dan kimiawi fermentasi daging ikan nila diamati setiap 2 hari selama 6 hari. Produk dengan penambahan konsentrasi starter terpilih dikeringkan pada suhu 60 oC selama 3 jam. Fermentasi ikan nila dengan penambahan starter L. plantarum SK(5) pada semua perlakuan konsentrasi menunjukkan peningkatan pada total bakteri asam laktat, total asam tertitrasi, dan total asam amino bebas. Fermentasi daging ikan nila dengan penambahan starter bakteri 10% meningkatkan asam amino bebas sebesar 1.71%. Setelah pengeringan, total BAL dan kadar air produk menurun berturutturut 45.96% dan 22.71%, sedangkan jumlah BAL sebesar 2.2x104 cfu/mL.
Keyword: fermentasi, ikan nila, Lactobacillus plantarum, pengeringan

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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