Judul: Keragaman Gen Miostatin (GDF-8) pada Sapi Madura
Abstrak: Madura cattle is one of Indonesian local cows that have an ability to adapt the tropical climate in Madura island and produce good quality meats and skins. Development and differentiation of muscle mass are controlled by myostatin gene or growth differentiation factor-8 (GDF-8). This research aimed to estimate the diversity of myostatin gene (exon 2 and exon 3) in madura cattle and compared it with myostatin gene from other Bos genus. The identification of myostatin gene diversity was performed on 21 DNA samples from madura cattle and nucleotides sequencing was conducted on the amplicon using DNA pooling sample methods. The six variants of the exon 2 were C1G (Leu), C41T (Ala), G239A (Arg), G266A (Arg), A268G (Thr), and A331G (Met), whereas on exon 3 was G75A, G77A, T261C, C273T, A330C (Ile), and T336C (Thr). The variance analysis showed that there were four variants of exon 3 that only found in a madura cattle, one variant has missense characteristic, that is G77A (His -- Arg), and the three other variants have nonsense characteristic, that are G75A (Glu), T261C (Ala), and C273T (Cys). The six variants of exon 2 and two variants of exon 3 had a nitrogen base similarity with the other Bos genus, that are C1G (48%), C41T (64%), G239A (88%), G266A (92%), A268G (96%), A331G (92%), A330C (72,7%), and T336C (36,4%). The variants found in madura cattle are different from variants that showed the double muscling phenomena.
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Judul: Polimorfisme Gen Leptin dan Gen Miostatin pada Sapi Potong Aceh dan Madura
Abstrak: Aceh and Madura cattles are a native Indonesian cattle as meat production. Productivity of beef cattle in Indonesia is still low so it is not used sufficient to supply national demand. We used leptin and miostatin genes as a genetic marker to clustering, Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS), and marker for detection of permissible nature (Halal) food. The aim of this study was to determine polymorphism of Aceh and Madura cattles. This research applied sequencing method. The reconstruction of phylogenetic tree using Neighbour-Joining method with Kimura-2-Parameters model to analyse polymorphism. Aceh cattle based on leptin gene was clustered into one group with Bos indicus GCATC haplotype and Bos taurus. Aceh cattle was assembled into one group with Bos taurus based on myostatin gene. Madura cattle had two haplotypes, one type was Bos indicus GCATC haplotype or Bos taurus and another type was Bos indicus ATGCT haplotype or Bos frontalis. Madura cattle based on myostatin gene different from Bos taurus group.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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