Judul: Lipid Profiles and UCP-1 Expression in Cynomolgus Monkey with Atherogenic Risk AfterNicotine Intervention
Abstrak: Pola makan dengan tinggi kalori tanpa disertai dengan pengaturan keseimbangan energi antarakalori yang dikonsumsi dan kalori yang dikeluarkan merupakan penyebab dasarkelebihan berat badan yang mengarah ke obesitas. Kondisi ini sudah menjadi masalah global terutama di negara-negara berkembang dan di negara-negara maju olehkarena memiliki berbagai faktor resiko terhadap sindrom metabolik yang berkaitan dengan penyakit jantung koroner (PJK), diabetes melitus, dan hipertensi. Kelebihan berat badan pada sindrom metabolik dengan resiko tinggi aterosklerosis (atherogenetic process) diidentifikasi melalui adanya peningkatan indeks bobot badan (body mass index; BMI), lingkar pinggang atau rasio lingkar pinggang dan pinggul. Jaringan adipos dikenal sebagai tempat penyimpanan triglserida (TG), dan sebagai jaringan endokrin dinamik yang mengsekresikan free fatty acid (FAA) dan berbagai protein seperti adiponectin dan adipokin. Adapun profi lipid yang penting untuk mendiagnosis hiperlipoproteinemia yang mencakup ~lipidemia meliputi peubah kolesterol totai trigliserida, LDL-kolesterol dan HDL-kolesterol. Jaringan adipose diketahui pula sebagai organ endokrinaktif yang dapat mengsekresikan berbagai adipokin dan salah satunya adiponektin berperan dalam metabolisme lipid dan karbohidrat dalam sirkulasi darah dan berpotensi dalam sindrom metabolik., Obesityis an abnormal accumulation of body fat with increased risk of coroner heart disease atherosclerosis, indicated by hyperlipoproteinemia. There are many treatments to prevent metabolic syndrome related to obesity, particularly with atherosclerosis risk. The aims of this study were to obtain information of metabolic changes through lipid profile and body weight also to evaluate UCP-1 expression post nicotine intervention on cynomolgus monkey with atherogenic risk. Fifteen animals were divided into three groups, given isocaloric diets containing 1) beef tallow (as diet A); 2) beeftallow and egg yolk (as Diet B) and other primary materials, and 3) commercial monkey chow diet (as a control or as Diet C). These diets were given for one year to develop obesity, then continued for three months by additing nicotine in their diet at a dose of at least 0. 75 mg I kg body weight every 12 hours. Body weight and lipid profile were analyzed every months and brown adipose tissue was taken at necropsy for evaluating UCP-1 expression by using antibody fluoresence technique. This study used a complete randomized design (ANOV A) to analyzes body weight and lipid profile. There were significantly increased in total plasma cholesterolconcentration (p<0.01), especially for diet type B and triglyceride concentration was not significantly increased (p>0.01). Followed by significantly increased HDL and LDL level, however there was decreased in body weight. Evaluation of UCP expression in this study showed expression of UCP-1 in each diet group A, B and C. Group B showed to have higher expression of UCP-1 than the other groups.
Keyword: obesity, nicotine, hyperlipoprotenimia, UCP-1, cynomolgus monkey

Judul: Peran nikotin dosis rendah terhadap profil glukosa darah dan insulin serta perubahan jaringan pankreas dan hati monyet ekor panjang (Macaca fascicularis) obes
Abstrak: Study of low dose nicotine intervention and its effect on blood and cellular level of obese cynomolgus monkeys has never been reported. The aims of this study were to evaluate the role of low dose nicotine on the profile of blood glucose, insulin level and cellular level alteration of pancreatic and hepatic tissue of obese cynomolgus monkey. Fourteen adult (aged 6–8 years) males cynomolgus monkeys grouped based on their Body Mass Index (BMI) into preobese (BMI=23.65–25.00) and obese (BMI ≥ 26.00) were used. Animals were grouped into four groups subsequently preobese with nicotine (pOb+), obese with nicotine (Ob+), preobese without nicotine (pOb-) and obese without nicotine (Ob-). Nicotine groups were fed with high fat diet mixed with nicotine dose 0.75 mg/kg body weight/day for three months and other groups without nicotine were fed monkey chow as control. Blood samples were collected every month for glucose analysis and insulin analysis at the end of study before necropsy was performed. Pancreatic and hepatic tissues were processed histologically and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical method. The results showed that blood glucose significantly decreased (P<0.05) on the nicotine group, 28.37% (preobes) and 33.72% (obes) based on treatment duration compared to control group. Based on color intensity of granules cytoplasm of insulin producing cells or immunoreactive β-cells showed that non nicotine group were more reactive than those with nicotine group. As a conclusion, there was positive effect of low dose nicotine in maintaining the blood glucose level in normal range by stimulation of islet cells proliferation to maintain the production of insulin in the pancreatic islet. Nicotine low dose also affect to the hepatic parenchymal tissue that showed moderate level of hydrophic and fat degeneration, and necrosis. However, there were found hepatic cell regeneration.
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Judul: Rancang Bangun Mekanisme Penggetar Untuk Bajak Subsoil Getar Dengan Dua Bilah Bajak
Abstrak: Bajak subsoil merupakan alat pengolahan tanah pertama yang sering digunakan sebelum pembajakan dengan bajak singkal atau bajak piring untuk memecah lapisan keras di lapisan bawah. Alat ini biasanya digunakan pada tanah yang telah mengalamli pemadatan akibat lalu lintas traktor. Alat ini memiliki tahanan tarik yang tinggi dan biasa ditarik traktor empat roda
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