Judul: Entrepreneurial Bricolage to Face Resource Constraints in Small Industry of Brown Cane Sugar
Abstrak: Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) have a prominent role in the development of the economy especially in an emerging country like Indonesia. However, establishing an enterprise for the first time needs a high amount of resources ranging from human resources, finance, technology, and others. Similar to other SMEs in Indonesia, the industry of brown cane sugar does not get access to such resources and this industry has to struggle to sustain the business in order to escape from poverty. One of the resourcefulness theories, bricolage, is believed could answers why small businesses could sustain when they face resource scarcity. Bricolage theory, making do what is at hand, describing the activities of entrepreneurs to sustaining the business in a penurious environment. It is believed could not only develop the business but also trigger innovativeness, creativity, and sustainability. So, by using bricolage theory, it could answer why some entrepreneurs of brown cane sugar could maintain and keep their business running while others have to cease and alter the business. This research intends to discover bricolage enactment on how entrepreneurs overcome resource issues using bricolage. Moreover, this study also aims to find a relationship between bricolage, demographic and innovative personality of the entrepreneur. Data were collected using survey and questionnaire, then, analysed using factor analysis to check the validity and reliability of the data. To check the relationship between bricolage and innovative personality, simple linier regression is caried to check the significancy of these two variables. After that, Spearman corelation model is used to see the correlation between variables. The survey of 26 entrepreneurs of brown cane sugar in Central Aceh Regency shows that most entrepreneurs have an averagely medium degree of education while in terms of age, also, most entrepreneurs are somewhat old ranging from 45 to 64 years old. Moreover, human resource is a major constraint when running the business, specifically in finding an appropriate and loyal employee. Using bricolage, they refuse to enact limitations by hiring people in their surroundings even their family members to work in this business. Meanwhile, many entrepreneurs have the resource at hand in form of capital and knowledge since they have spent a lot of time working in a similar business before they build their own brown sugar. However, highly enacted bricolage or using parallel bricolage instead or selective bricolage in the business could hamper the business development or it is called “bricolage trap”. To ensure this problem will not emerge in the future, the entrepreneur should make a work contract and treat their labour fairly. Also, the current resources at hand are not enough to improve the business, so the entrepreneur should use different approach like enlarging their networking and market which could have benefit for the business. Data analysis of simple linier regression shows that there is no significant difference between bricolage and innovative personality (p>0.05) and the R square is 0.021 which means that the contribution of dependent variable of innovativepersonality which can explain the independent variable of bricolage is 2.1%. The correlation between variables is mostly positive even though the relationship is very
Keyword: bricoalge, innovative personality, resource scarcity, resource scarcity

Judul: Eksplorasi Strategi Kewirausahaan di Wilayah dengan Keterbatasan Sumber Daya: Studi Kasus Usaha Pengolahan Kakao di Aceh
Abstrak: Indonesia is the fourth-largest cocoa-producing country after Ivory Coast, Ghana, and Ecuador. Nevertheless, most of Indonesia’s cocoa production is exported to various countries in the world. Aceh Province is one of the cocoa-producing regions in western Indonesia. The government of Aceh includes a development plant for the cocoa plantation sector as one of the priorities. However, the resource-constrained condition of Aceh plays a role in inhibiting the emergence of entrepreneurship in Aceh. Located in depleted and penurious environments, one of the cocoa farmers urged to create a cocoa processing venture which still continuously growing and impacts the society and economy in Aceh positively. Socolatte is the only cocoa bean-to-bar business which established and actively operates in Aceh. This venture was initiated in 2003. The research aimed to explore the experiences and strategies taken by the entrepreneur in developing industry which located in a remote area with limited access for resources. The research applied qualitative research methodology, which used case study as the method. The data was collected using literature review, in-depth interview and semi-structured interview method. The results of the interview and literature study was then transcribed, analyzed and interpreted. The data was used to assist the situational analysis of the business venture which using PEST and porter 5’s forces as the frameworks. The PEST analysis shows that the political aspect support for the development of the business. The policies which encourage the existence of cocoa manufacturing plant is one of the examples of the support shown by the government. Nevertheless, most of the aspects in the PEST analysis, namely the economic, social and technological, show the hostility of the environment towards the development of the business. Regarding the competitive advantages, Socolatte acquires advantages in the threat of new entrants and rivalry of existing competitor. However, bargaining power of buyers, bargaining power of suppliers and threat of substitute can be assumed as the obstacle for the sustainability of the venture. In terms of resources, the entrepreneur mentioned that the physical resources, human resources and intangible resources in form of social network and knowledge play significant role as the important factors in the creation process and management of the venture. This research also found out that the owner of Socolatte has accidentally applied the bricolage and improvisation strategy during the creation and business management process. The application by the entrepreneur can be a reference for prospective entrepreneurs from regions such as Aceh.
Keyword: cocoa, resource-constrained, entrepreneurial strategy

Judul: Trichomonas Gallinae Penyebab Trichomonosis Pada Unggas
Abstrak: Trichomonas gallinae adalah protozoa yang bergerak aktof dengan keempat flagella yang mempunyai layar dan pada salah satu sisinya terdapat membran seperti sirip ikan yang berombak. Spesies dari genus Trichomonas ini mempunyai arti penting pada unggas, karena dapat menyebabkan infeksi pada alat pencernaan bagian atas.
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