Judul: Produksi Plastik Komposit Dari Tepung Ubi Kayu dan Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE)
Abstrak: The mixing of cassava flour with linear low density polyethylene is one solution to reducing the environmental problem caused by plastics waste. The objectives of this study was to produce plastic composite from cassava flour and LLDPE resins. Composite plastic was made with addition of glycerol as plasticizer and stearic acid as compatibilizer. Thermoplastic cassava flour was made by mixing glycerol by 30 and 40%. Plastic composites was made with plasticised cassava flour and LLDPE resins ratio at 20:80 and 30:70 with the addition of stearic acid by 5 and 7%. The analysis showed that stearic acid at 5 and 7%, respectively had melt flow index of 4.13 and 4.69 g/10 min. Composite pellets with plasticised cassava flour and LLDPE resins ratio at 20:80 and 30:70 each has a specific gravity of 0.916 and 0.941 g/cm3. The best mechanical properties obtained from the formulation with cassava flour and resins at 20:80 with a glycerol concentration of 40% and 5% stearic acid. Plastics from this formulation have md tensile strength of 5.62 MPa and md elongation at 594.27%. Plastic film composite with 40% glycerol has more opaque colors than plastic film composite with 30% glycerol.
Keyword: cassava flour, composite plastic, stearic acid

Judul: Produksi Plastik Komposit dari Pencampuran Tapioka dan Onggok Termoplastis dengan HDPE.
Abstrak: Plastic is one of synthetic polymer which globally applicated because of its advantages. However, many problems emerged when plastic was discarded which cause serious environmental pollution because it can not be degraded, while its utilization increases year to year. Development of starch-based biodegradable plastic can be one alternative to solve this problem and expected to increase the added value of local agricultural products. This research aims are to study the production of composite biodegradable plastic using blending method of natural (tapioca and cassava bagasse) and synthetic (HDPE) polymers; and to analyze mechanical, thermal, and biodegradability characteristics of the composite plastic. The research was preceed with preparation and characterization of tapioca and cassava bagasse as composite plastic materials. It was followed with preparation of thermoplastic starch by adding plasticizers. Water is added up to 25% concentration of material total mass, while glycerol is added in 15% and 20% concentration. Compatibilized HDPE was made by adding 0,1% of dicumyl peroxyde and 1% of maleic anhydride in HDPE resin. The last step is processing composite plastic using blending method of thermoplastics starch and compt.HDPE in 20% and 80% ratio. Composite plastic then evaluated for its mechanical, thermal, and biodegradability characteristics. Based on quality requirement, tapioca has good quality appropriate with SNI 01-3451-1994. Result of characterization showed that cassava bagasse has high fiber content up to 33,80%. Based on the results of mechanical properties testing, it is known that compt.HDPE-tapioca with the addition of 15% glycerol has a tensile strength close to HDPE resins, as well as the elongations value. Thermal properties testing showed that the addition of 20% natural polymers in blending process gave insignificant influence. The results of biodegradability examination showed that composite plastics are capable to be degraded by microorganism. In qualitative examination, it can be seen from the growth of the fungi in some parts of the sample surface. In quantitative examination using enzymes, percentation of compt.HDPE-cassava bagasse weight loss was larger than compt.HDPE-tapioca. This is influenced by the use of α-amylase and cellulase in compt.HDPE-cassava bagasse so that the total glucose results higher, which means more degradable.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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