Judul: Mempelajari Pengaruh Senyawa Kimiawi terhadap Stabilitas Protease BAcillus pumilus y1 selama Penyimpanan
Abstrak: Enzim protease Bacillus pumilus yl memiliki aktivitas enzim yang tinggi dan merupakan enzim protease yang poten- sial untuk diaplikasikan dalam pembuatan produk komersial. Bacillus pumilus yl yang digunakan adalah Bacillus yang diisolasi dari limbah cair tahu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh lingkungan kimiawi (kation diva- Jen dan monovalen, alkohol, detergen dan senyawa pereduksi) terhadap stabilitas enzim protease selama penyimpanan. Media yang digunakan untuk produksi enzim protease dari mikroba ini adalah limbah cair tahu dengan penambahan skim sebesar 0.5%. Produksi enzim protease dilakukan pada suhu 37 ^ 0 * c dengan pH optimum sekitar 7 dalam inkubator goyang dengan kecepatan 200 rpm. Pemisahan enzim dari sel bakteri dan sisa media dilakukan dengan cara sentrifugasi dengan kecepatan 3000 rpm pada suhu rendah (4 ^ 0 * C) . Pengendapan enzim yang terdapat dalam supernatan dilakukan dengan meng- gunakan garam ammonium sulfat 35.1% (w / v) dan aseton dengan perbandingan 1:3. Endapan enzim selanjutnya dilarutkan dalam buffer fosfat 0.01 M pII 8 atau buffer borat 0.01 M pll 8 dengan volume sebesar sepersepuluh volume filtrat kasar. ...
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Judul: Mempelajari Pengaruh Lingkungan Kimiawi terhadap Aktivitas dan daya Tahan Panas Protease dari Bacillus pumilus y1
Abstrak: Protease mempakan suatu enzim yang berperan sebagai katalis dalam pemecahan protein. Protease dapat dihasilkan dari tanaman, hewan maupun mikroba. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan mikroba dari Bacillus pumilus yl yang teiah diisolasi dari limbah cair tahu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh lingkungan kimiawi (golongan divalen dan monovalen, alkohol monohidrat dan polihidrat, diterjen, pereduksi dan pengoksidasi dm bahan kimiawi tambahan) terhadap aktivitas dan daya tahan panas protease.
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Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite