Judul: Regional Inflation Spillover Effect Influenced by the Price of Chicken Eggs and Other Determinants for the 2018-2021 Period
Abstrak: Telur ayam ras merupakan salah satu diantara sebelas komoditas pangan utama selain minyak goreng dan cabai merah. Berdasarkan komoditas sumber bahan makanan penyumbang inflasi atau deflasi Desember 2020, komoditas telur ayam ras merupakan komoditas pemegang andil inflasi terbesar kedua setelah cabai merah. Oleh karena itu, kestabilan harga telur ayam ras sangat penting, mengingat andil inflasi telur ayam ras cukup tinggi berdasarkan bahan makanan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh harga telur ayam ras beserta determinan lainnya terhadap inflasi regional serta mengkaji interaksi spasial variabel determinan inflasi dan spillover effect inflasi regional. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model regresi Panel Spasial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa harga komoditas telur ayam ras, kredit UMKM, serta pandemi covid memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap inflasi regional. Sementara UMP dan suku bunga kredit perbankan asing dan campuran-konsumsi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap inflasi. Lalu terdapat adanya interaksi efek spasial yang positif dan signifikan dalam penelitian ini, akan tetapi tidak terjadi spillover effect inflasi di tingkat regional. Hal ini dikarenakan model terbaik yang dipilih dalam penelitian ini merupakan Spatial Error Model (SEM). Lag pada SEM muncul sebagai komponen eror yang menunjukkan bahwa lag tersebut hanya dapat dijelaskan di luar model., Chicken eggs are one of the eleven main food commodities in addition to cooking oil and red chilies. Based on food source commodities that contributed to inflation or deflation in December 2020, broiler eggs are the commodity with the second largest share of inflation after red chili. Therefore, the stability of the price of purebred chicken eggs is very important, considering that the share of purebred chicken egg inflation is quite high based on food ingredients. This study aims to examine the effect of the price of broiler eggs and other determinants of regional inflation as well as to examine the spatial interaction of the variables of inflation determinants and the spillover effect of regional inflation. The research method used in this study is the Spatial Panel regression model. The results showed that the commodity prices of broiler eggs, MSME loans, and the covid pandemic had a negative and significant impact on regional inflation. Meanwhile, the UMP and foreign bank lending rates and mixed-consumption have a positive and significant impact on inflation. Then there is a positive and significant interaction of spatial effects in this study, but there is no spillover effect of inflation at the regional level. This is because the best model chosen in this study is the Spatial Error Model (SEM). The lag in SEM appears as an error component indicating that the lag can only be explained outside the model.
Keyword: Chicken eggs, Inflation, Spillover effect, Spatial Error Model, Spatial panel regression

Judul: The Effect of Cayenne Pepper Prices and Other Determinants on the Spillover Effect of Regional Inflation Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Abstrak: Pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan adanya guncangan pada indikator makroekonomi yaitu inflasi. Di sisi lain pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan trade shock tinggi pada tanaman hortikultura sebesar 8,16 persen. Cabai rawit sebagai komoditas hortikultura sekaligus pangan terdampak yang memiliki fluktuasi harga tinggi dibuktikan dengan koefisien keragaman sebesar 66,91 persen. Fluktuasi harga cabai rawit memengaruhi indikator makroekonomi yaitu inflasi. Pengendalian inflasi dibutuhkan untuk menjaga stabilitas perekonomian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui determinan inflasi regional dari sisi moneter yaitu suku bunga kredit dan kredit UMKM serta non moneter yaitu harga cabai rawit, upah minimum provinsi, infrastuktur dan pandemi Covid-19 terhadap inflasi regional. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh interaksi spasial terhadap spillover effect inflasi regional. Penelitian menggunakan data bulanan dari 34 provinsi di Indonesia dengan periode 2018-2021 serta dianalisis menggunakan metode panel spasial dengan model terbaik Spatial Autoregressive (SAR). Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa variabel harga cabai rawit dan upah minimum provinsi berpengaruh positif terhadap inflasi regional. Variabel suku bunga kredit, kredit UMKM, dan pandemi Covid-19 berpengaruh negatif terhadap inflasi regional. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan adanya interaksi spasial antar provinsi yang bertetangga mempengaruhi tingkat inflasi regional suatu wilayah yang menyebabkan spillover effect inflasi regional., The Covid-19 pandemic has caused shocks to macroeconomic indicators, namely inflation. The Covid-19 pandemic caused a high trade shock in horticultural crops, 8.16 percent. Cayenne pepper as a horticultural commodity with high price fluctuations is evidenced by the coefficient of variance, 66.91 percent. Fluctuations in the price of cayenne pepper affect inflation. Inflation control is needed to maintain economic stability. This study aims to determine the determinants of regional inflation from the monetary side, namely credit rate and MSME loans. Non-monetary side, cayenne pepper price, the provincial minimum wage, infrastructure and the Covid-19 pandemic on regional inflation. This study also aims to analyze the effect of spatial interaction on the spillover effect of regional inflation. This study uses data from 34 provinces in Indonesia for 2018-2021 and is analyzed using the spatial panel method with the best model Spatial Autoregressive. The results showed that cayenne pepper price and the provincial minimum wage positively affected regional inflation. Credit rates, MSME loans, and the Covid-19 pandemic negatively affected regional inflation. The results also show that spatial interaction between neighbouring provinces affects a region's regional inflation rate which causes a spillover effect of regional inflation.
Keyword: Cayenne Pepper Prices, Covid-19, Inflation, Spatial Panel, Spillover Effect

Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4