Judul: Sistem Persamaan Linear Pada Aljabar Max-Plus Dan Solusinya
Abstrak: Aljabar max-plus adalah himpunan bilangan real ℝmax = ℝ ∪ {ϵ} yang memenuhi operasi penjumlahan ⊕ dan operasi perkalian ⊗. Aljabar max-plus dapat digunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah sistem persamaan linear. Sistem persamaan linear pada aljabar max-plus dapat diselesaikan dengan metode matriks diskrepansi. Matriks diskrepansi adalah matriks dengan semua batas atas dari xi dan xi dapat ditemukan dengan cara mengambil minimum kolom ke-j dari matriks tersebut. Metode matriks diskrepansi pada aljabar max-plus digunakan untuk menyelesaikan sistem persamaan linear dengan matriks ukuran n × n dan m × n dimana m < n dan m > n dalam (ℝmax, ⊕, ⊗) sehingga didapatkan sistem persamaan linear pada aljabar max-plus ada yang memiliki satu penyelesaian, penyelesaian tak hingga, ataupun tanpa penyelesaian. Di dalam karya tulis ini ditunjukan bahwa Sistem Pesamaan Linear pada aljabar max-plus dengan matriks ukuran n × n dan m × n, dengan m > n yaitu ada yang memiliki satu penyelesaian, tak hingga penyelesaian ataupun tanpa penyelesaian. Namun Sistem Pesamaan Linear pada aljabar max-plus dengan ukuran matiks m × n, dengan m < n hanya memiliki tak hingga penyelesaian atau tanpa penyelesaian., The max-plus algebra is real numbers of the set ℝmax = ℝ ∪ {ϵ} which is the equipped of additional operation (⊕) and multiplication operation (⊗). Max-plus algebra can be used to solve a problem of system of linear equations. The system of linear equations in max-plus algebra can be solved by the discrepancy matrix method. The discrepancy matrix is a matrix with all the upper bounds of the xi's and that each xi can be found by taking the minimum of the jth column of the matrix. Discrepancy matrix method of the max-plus algebra is used to solve a problem of system of linear equations with matrix n × n and m × m where m < n dan m > n in (ℝmax, ⊕, ⊗) so that there are system of linear equations in max-plus algebra that have one solution, infinite solution, or no solution. In this article is shown that system of linear equations in max-plus algebra with matrix n × n and m × n where m > n that have one solution, infinite solution, or no solution. However the system of linear equations in max-plus algebra with matrix m × n where m < n only have infinite solution or no solution.
Keyword: max-plus algebra, system of linear equations, discrepancy matrix  method

Judul: Sifat operasi dan eksistensi invers suatu matriks dalam aljabar max-plus
Abstrak: Karya ilmiah ini membahas sifat-sifat operasi dalam aljabar max-plus dan sifat-sifat yang diaplikasikan pada matriks serta eksistensi invers matriks dalam aljabar max-plus. Operasi-operasi matriks yang dapat diaplikasikan dalam aljabar max-plus meliputi operasi penjumlahan dan perkalian antar matriks, matriks transpose, matriks identitas, matriks segi pangkat ke-k, serta perkalian matriks dengan skalar. Sifat- sifat yang berlaku untuk matriks dalam aljabar max-plus yaitu sifat asosiatif (untuk operasi penjumlahan dan perkalian), komutatif (hanya untuk operasi penjumlahan), dan distributif. Eksistensi invers suatu matriks a ∈ dalam aljabar max-plus dapat dipastikan ada jika dan hanya jika a merupakan perkalian matriks permutasi dan matriks diagonal . Max nxn p ( ) i d 
Keyword: matriks, aljabar max-plus

Judul: Ragam jenis ektoparasit burung tekukur (Streptopelia chinensis) dan burung puter (Streptopelia bitorquata) di penangkaran
Abstrak: Spotted dove and Javan turtle dove are the bird species that are easily raised in captivity. Nevertheless, good management is required to successfully breed and raise the birds in captivity; otherwise, the condition may endanger the sustainability of the two bird species. Information on ectoparasites on the bodies of this bird as well as their captivity breeding has not been available, although admittedly taking ectoparasites from these bird families has much been done so that a research is obviously needed. This study aimed to find out various kinds of Spotted dove and Javan turtle dove ectoparasites and to learn various kinds of parasitic insects around the Spotted dove and Javan turtle dove cages. The study was conducted from April to June 2010. The methods of data collection included the general condition of the location, collection of ectoparasites specimens, processing and specimens identification. The data analysis was done descriptively and tabulated with the degree of infestation. The kinds of ectoparasites from the class of insects found in the body of Spotted dove were Goniocotes sp. and Columbicola columbae of phthiraptera order and Pseudolynchia canariensis of diptera order, and arachnida class, that is, tungau from the pterolichidae family. In terms of ectoparasites, Spotted dove and Javan turtle dove were similar, except that Javan turtle dove had no Pseudolynchia canariensis. Goniocotes sp. and Columbicola columbae were mallopaga order (biting lice) and were obligate. The kinds of parasitic insects in the vicinity of Spotted dove and Javan turtle dove cages were from the Ordo Diptera. The diptera classified as parasites included Anopheles, Culex, Psychodidae, Culicoides and Simulium, most of them vectors of disease. The presence of ectoparasites was closely related to how a breeding place is managed.
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