Judul: Labour Management of Oil Palm Plantation (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) at Negeri Lama Selatan Estate, PT Hari Sawit Jaya, Labuhanbatu, North Sumatera.
Abstrak: Pengelolaan tenaga kerja yang baik merupakan salah satu kunci keberhasilan perkebunan kelapa sawit. Kegiatan magang dilakukan mulai bulan Januari hingga bulan Mei 2022 di PT Hari Sawit Jaya, Labuhanbatu, Sumatera Utara. Kegiatan magang dilakukan secara langsung sebagai pekerja harian lepas (PHL), pendamping mandor, dan pendamping asisten untuk mempelajari aspek teknis dan aspek manajerial di kebun. Manajemen tenaga kerja merupakan aspek khusus yang diamati dalam kegiatan magang. Hal yang diamati dalam aspek khusus meliputi pengorganisasian tenaga kerja, prestasi kerja, disiplin dan kualitas tenaga kerja serta penerapan Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) pada perkebunan terkait prinsip dan kriteria ISPO yang ke-5 tentang tanggung jawab tenaga kerja. Tenaga kerja di Kebun Negeri Lama Selatan, PT Hari Sawit Jaya terdiri dari karyawan staf dan non staf. Hasil pengamatan selama magang menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan telah melakukan sistem penerimaan kerja karyawan yang baik. Kualitas kerja pemanen umumnya sudah sesuai dengan standar perusahaan. PT Hari Sawit Jaya telah menerapkan prinsip dan kriteria ISPO ke-5 tentang tanggung jawab terhadap pekerja dengan memberikan fasilitas sarana dan prasarana untuk kesejahteraan dan kesehatan pekerja serta menyediakan alat pelindung diri (APD) untuk keselamatan kerja. Kata kunci : ISPO, kualitas kerja, prestasi kerja, Good fieldworker management is one of the key successes of palm plantations. The internship was held from January until May in PT Hari Sawit Jaya, Labuhanbatu, North Sumatra. The internship had been conducted by working directly as a daily worker, accompanying a field supervisor, and accompanying an afdeling assistant (division head) to learn technical and managerial aspects. Fieldworker management was the focus of the internship activity. The observed thing on the focus internship included fieldworker organizing, work performance, discipline and quality of work, and practice of Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) in oil palm plantations to relate with the 5th principles and criteria ISPO about fieldworker responsibility. Fieldworker in Negeri Lama Estate, PT Hari Sawit Jaya categorized as staff and non-staff worker. The results showed that the company has implemented a good employee recruitment system. The harvester’s quality in PT Hari Sawit Jaya has implemented the principle and criteria of the company’s standards. PT Hari Sawit Jaya has complied with the 5th principle and criteria of ISPO about fieldworker responsibility by providing facilities and infrastructure for the prosperity and health of workers and also providing personal protective equipment (PPE) for work safety. Keywords: ISPO, quality of work, work performance.
Keyword: ISPO, quality of work, work performance

Judul: Harvesting Management of Palm Oil (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) in Negeri Lama Selatan Estate, PT Hari Sawit Jaya, Labuhanbatu, North Sumatera
Abstrak: Panen merupakan salah satu kegiatan yang penting pada pengelolaan tanaman kelapa sawit. Keberhasilan panen dicapai dengan menghasilkan produktivitas tandan buah yang tinggi dengan kandungan rendemen minyak yang tinggi serta kandungan asam lemak bebas (ALB) yang rendah sehingga manajemen panen harus dilaksanakan secara optimal. Kegiatan magang mempelajari manajemen pemanenan kelapa sawit yaitu perencanaan panen, pengorganisasian panen, pelaksanaan panen, dan evaluasi panen. Kegiatan magang dilaksanakan di Kebun Negeri Lama Selatan, PT Hari Sawit Jaya, Labuhanbatu, Sumatera Utara mulai bulan Januari hingga Mei 2022. Kegiatan magang bekerja secara langsung sebagai pekerja harian lepas (PHL), pendamping mandor, dan pendamping asisten afdeling untuk mempelajari aspek teknis dan manajerial. Manajemen panen merupakan aspek khusus yang diamati dalam kegiatan magang. Rotasi panen terpanjang mencapai 13 hari, sedangkan standar perusahaan adalah 10 hari. Penggunaan alat pelindung diri (APD) tergolong cukup baik. Kapasitas panen terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan karena pekerja memperoleh basis harian yang ditetapkan. Rata-rata AKP sebesar 20,18% dan rata-rata varian sebesar 2,41%. Kebutuhan tenaga panen diperoleh taksasi sebesar 15,61 dan realisasi sebesar 14,20. Transportasi panen relatif singkat dengan rata-rata waktu yang ditempuh 12,13 menit, rata-rata jarak 2,16 km, dan rata-rata kecepatan 10,88 km jam-1. Persentase mutu buah sesuai dengan standar perusahaan dengan tidak ada buah mentah, buah matang 96,74%, buah terlalu matang 2,55%, dan buah busuk 1,71%. Kehilangan hasil di lapangan sebesar 1,88 butir pokok-1. Penerapan sistem evaluasi, denda, dan premi panen dilakukan untuk menjaga tercapainya basis dan kualitas panen., Harvesting is one of the most important activities in oil palm management. Successful harvesting is achieved by producing high fruit bunch productivity with high oil yield and low free fatty acid (FFE) content, so harvest management must be carried out optimally. The internship studies oil palm harvesting management, namely harvest planning, harvest organization, harvest implementation, and harvest evaluation. The internship was carried out at Negeri Lama Selatan Estate, PT Hari Sawit Jaya, Labuhanbatu, North Sumatera from January to May 2022. Interns work directly as casual daily workers, accompanying field supervisor, and accompanying afdeling assistant to learn technical and managerial aspects. Harvest management is a specific aspect observed in the internship. The longest harvest rotation reached 13 days, while the company standard is 10 days. The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is quite good. There is a significant difference in harvesting capacity because workers get a set daily basis. The average plant harvest density (AKP) is 20.18% and the average variance is 2.41%. The demand for harvesters was estimated at 15.61 and realized at 14.20. Harvest transportation is relatively short, with an average time taken of 12.13 minutes, an average distance of 2.16 km, and an average speed of 10.88 km h-1. The percentage of fruit quality is in accordance with company standards, with no unripe fruit, 96.74% ripe fruit, 2.55% overripe fruit, and 1.71% rotten fruit. The yield loss in the field was 1.88 loose fruit plant-1. A system of evaluation, penalty, and harvest reward was implemented to maintain the achievement of yield basis and quality.
Keyword: harvest labor, harvest maturity criteria, harvest rotation, yield loss

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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