Judul: Variasi Genetik Undur-Undur Laut (Emerita emeritus Linnaeus, 1767) Menggunakan Marka Gen COI di Pesisir Sukabumi
Abstrak: Undur-undur laut di Indonesia dapat ditemukan di pantai berpasir, terutama pada wilayah pantai selatan Jawa dan pantai barat Sumatera. Salah satu jenis undur-undur laut yang banyak dijumpai di pantai selatan Jawa adalah undur-undur laut jenis Emerita emeritus. Informasi mengenai variasi genetik dapat dijadikan input untuk pengelolaan Emerita emeritus. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menduga variasi genetik berdasarkan DNA mitokondria dari Emerita emeritus menggunakan teknik DNA Barcoding dengan penanda gen COI. Analisis molekuler melalui tahap preparasi contoh, isolasi dan ekstrasi DNA, elektroforesis, amplifikasi DNA, dan sekuensing basa nukleotida. Hasil sekuensing diolah menggunakan program MEGA 5 dan informasi variasi genetik diperoleh melalui program DNAsp 5. Hasil analisis molekuler menunjukkan bahwa spesies contoh memiliki kekerabatan yang dekat antar spesies ataupun antar populasi. Variasi haplotipe spesies contoh dari pantai berpasir Kabupaten Sukabumi, Cilacap dan Kebumen dalam kategori yang tinggi, sehingga dapat diduga variasi genetik berdasarkan DNA mitokondria dari spesies contoh juga dalam kategori yang tinggi.
Keyword: Analisis Molekuler, COI, Emerita emeritus

Judul: New Distribution of Emerita emeritus in Tegal and Tuban and the Level of Relationship
Abstrak: Di Indonesia, undur-undur laut dari famili Hippidae tersebar di sepanjang pantai barat Sumatera dan pantai selatan Jawa terutama spesies Emerita emeritus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melaporkan distribusi undur-undur laut di pantai utara Jawa (Tegal dan Tuban) dan tingkat kekerabatannya. Undur-undur laut dikumpulkan dari pantai utara Jawa yaitu Pantai Purin, Pantai Purwahamba dan Pantai Margosuko. Sampel yang diperoleh berjumlah 10 individu dan diawetkan dalam alkohol kemudian dibawa ke Bogor. Identifikasi spesies dilakukan berdasarkan karakter morfologis dan identifikasi molekuler. Identifikasi morfologis dilakukan dengan membandingkan sampel dengan kunci identifikasi undur-undur laut. Identifikasi molekuler melalui tahap preparasi contoh, isolasi dan ekstraksi DNA, elektroforesis, amplifikasi DNA, dan sekuensing basa nukleotida. Hasil sekuensing diolah menggunakan program MEGA 11. Hasil identifikasi morfologis dan molekuler menunjukkan bahwa seluruh sampel undur-undur laut memiliki kedekatan dengan spesies Emerita emeritus. Spesies Emerita emeritus dari pantai utara Jawa ditemukan sebagai catatan distribusi baru., In Indonesia, mole crabs from the family Hippidae are scattered along the coast of West Sumatra and the southern coast of Java, especially the species Emerita emeritus. This study aims to report the distribution of mole crabs on the north coast of Java (Tegal and Tuban) and their level of kinship. Mole crabs were collected from the north coast of Java, namely Purin Beach, Purwahamba Beach, and Margosuko Beach. The samples obtained were 10 individuals and preserved in alcohol and then brought to Bogor. Species identification is carried out based on morphological characters and molecular identification. Morphological identification was carried out by comparing samples with the identification key. Molecular identification through the stages of sample preparation, DNA isolation and extraction, electrophoresis, amplification of DNA, and nucleotide base sequencing. The results of the sequencing are processed using the program MEGA 11. The results of morphological and molecular identification showed that all samples of mole crabs are closely related to the species Emerita emeritus. Species Emerita emeritus from the north coast of Java was found as a new distribution record.
Keyword: New Distribution Records, Emerita, coast of Java

Judul: Apatite Growth Optimation on Chicken Mucouse by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Characterization
Abstrak: Some experiment had been conducted to grow apatite from supersaturated solution of calcium phosphate ions on chicken mucouse. The calcium and phosphate ions were originated from Ca(NO3)2 and (NH4)2HPO4. Carbonate ions from (NH4)2CO3 was also used as starting solution. Experiment was carried out within about 5 hours at temperature 370 C and pH 7. Value of Ca+ : PO4 3- was 1.67, while molar ratio of CO3 2- : PO4 3- was 0.5 : 1. Molarity of molar ratio CO3 2- : PO4 3- variated approximately 0.15 : 0.30, 0.51 : 1.02, and 0.90 : 1.80. Mass of mucouse powder was constant 0.75 gram. The analysis result of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) showed that the precipitation was apatite carbonate type A and B. In these experiment it was found out that the mucouse reduce the crystallinity of apatite precipitant, and the growth of apatite crystal was optimum at solution with molar ratio CO3 2- : PO4 3- about 0.15 : 0.30.
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