Judul: Vulnerability Analysis and Livelihood Adaptation of MSME Entrepreneurs in Responding to the Covid-19 Pandemic (Case: Tegal Waru MSME Entrepreneur, Ciampea District, Bogor Regency)
Abstrak: Kebijakan PSBB dan PPKM untuk menekan angka penyebaran virus Covid-19 mengubah tatanan kehidupan masyarakat karena masyarakat harus melakukan aktivitas dari rumah. Rumah tangga pengusaha UMKM menjadi rentan akibat sumber ekonominya melemah dan membutuhkan strategi adaptasi agar dapat bertahan di tengah guncangan tersebut. Berbagai bentuk modal nafkah yang dapat diakses rumah tangga harus dimanfaatkan semaksimal mungkin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kerentanan dan upaya adaptasi nafkah pengusaha UMKM dalam merespons pandemi Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif melalui kuesioner dan didukung data kualitatif dari wawancara secara mendalam. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa rumah tangga pengusaha UMKM relatif rentan terhadap pandemi Covid-19. Namun, tidak terdapat hubungan antar kerentanan nafkah dengan strategi adaptasi., The PSBB and PPKM policies to reduce the spread of the Covid-19 virus have changed the order of people's lives because people have to carry out activities from home. MSME entrepreneur households are vulnerable due to weak economic resources and require adaptation strategies in order to survive in the midst of these shocks. Various forms of livelihood capital that are accessible to households should be utilized as much as possible. The purpose of this study is to analyze the vulnerability and adaptation efforts of MSME entrepreneurs in responding to the Covid-19 pandemic. The method used is a quantitative method through a questionnaire and is supported by qualitative data from in-depth interviews. From the results of the study, it was found that the households of MSME entrepreneurs were relatively vulnerable to the Covid-19 pandemic. However, there is no relationship between livelihood vulnerability and adaptation strategies.
Keyword: Livelihood Vulnerability Index, Livelihood Capital, Livelihood Adaptation Strategy

Judul: The The Effectiveness of Community Empowerment program trough Small Micro Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) with Community Living Standard during the COVID-19 Pandemic (Case:  MSMEs Business Tourism Village)
Abstrak: Pandemi COVID-19 memberikan dampak besar pada seluruh negara di dunia serta lapisan masyarakat tanpa terkecuali dari segi sosial, politik, ekonomi, dan kebudayaan. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi hal tersebut adalah pemberdayaan. Desa Tegalwaru yang terletak di kecamatan Ciampea sendiri terkenal sebagai sentral UMKM. Pemanfaatan UMKM bisa menjadi salah satu solusi pemberdayaan di tengah pandemi. Oleh karena itu, peneliti akan menganalisis hubungan tingkat efektivitas program dan taraf hidup anggota UMKM pada masa Pandemi COVID-19. Data kuantitatif diperoleh melalui wawancara terstruktur dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang diberikan kepada responden sedangkan data kualitatif diperoleh melalui metode wawancara mendalam dengan informan dan observasi lapang. Responden dipilih sebanyak 45 responden dengan menggunakan kombinasi antara teknik simple random sampling dan cluster sampling dan informan ditentukan secara purposif.
Keyword: Effectiveness, Empowerment, Living Standard, Pandemic

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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