Judul: Identifikasi Keragaman Gen Hormon Pertumbuhan (GH-MspI) pada Kerbau Lokal (Bubalus bubalis)
Abstrak: The aim of this study was to identify polymorphism of buffalo’s growth hormone (GH-MspI) gene that localized in intron 3 using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) – Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) method. Total of the blood samples were 320 which is from Semarang, Medan, Mataram and Banten. Polymorphism in 261 samples were identified and revealed three genotypies that are 223 bp and 104 bp for the +/+ genotype; 327 bp, 222 bp and 104 bp for the +/- genotype and 327 bp (no digestion) for the -/- genotype. Frequencies of the +/+ genotype and + allele were the highest in whole populations. Frequencies were 0.805 for +/+ genotype, 0.146 for +/- genotype, and 0.05 for -/- genotype. The frequency of + allele was 0.878. The frecuencies of + allele and +/+ genotype were the highest. The highest heterozygocities was 0.562 for Semarang population and the lowest was 0.093 for Banten population and the average heterozygocities for all populations detected was 0.370. Index fixation value of GH gene showed there was no gene fixation in all populations. Keywords: Buffalo, GH-MspI gene, PCR-RFLP
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Judul: Identifikasi Keragaman Gen Hormon Pertumbuhan (GH|MspI) Pada Sapi Friesian Holstein Di Bib Lembang, BBIB Singosari, Dan BET Cipelang
Abstrak: Growth hormone (GH) is an anabolic hormone synthesized and secreted by somatotroph cells from the anterior lobe of the pituitary. The GH plays an important role in postnatal growth and development, tissue growth, lactation, reproduction, and metabolism. This study was aimed to identify polymorphism of the growth hormone gene (GH) in dairy cattle and beef cattle as a comparison. Holstein Friesian (HF) cattle for a total number of 89 heads from BIB Lembang (17), BBIB Singosari (32) and BET Cipelang (40); and four breeds of beef cattle for a total number of 37 heads from BET Cipelang were genotyped at intron 3 of the GH gene using PCR-RFLP method by MspI restriction enzyme. Genotyping the GH gene resulted in three genotypes, namely GH|MspI (+/+), (+/-), and (-/-), with two alleles, namely GH|MspI (+) and (-). Genetic polymorphism was detected in HF cattle and beef cattle, the exception was for Simental and Angus. The frequency of the GH|MspI (+) allele contrast to the GH|MspI (-) allele for HF cattle were 0.826 vs 0.174. GH|MspI (+/+) genotype had the highest frequency for HF (0,826), Simental, and Angus (1,000); but very limited for Limousin and Brahman (0,144 and 0,000). Chi-Square analysis showed that HF from the three locations were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (χ2 < χ2 (0,05)), but contrast on beef cattle (χ2 > χ2 (0,05)). The value of heterozigosity expectation (He) for HF and beef cattles were estimated between 0.000-0.800. The genetic variation of the GH|MspI gene was low in most of these cattles, the exception was for Brahman.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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