Judul: Analisis Efisiensi Teknis dan Pendapatan Usahatani Padi di Kabupaten Kubu Raya Kalimantan Barat
Abstrak: One approach to the technological implementation by the Agency for Agricultural Research and Development for the Prima Tani Program related to rice is an Integrated Plant Management (IPM). This approach is expected to increase productivity and efficiency of rice farming which in turn affects the income of rice farmers. The study was conducted in the village of Sui Itik (participants of Prima Tani) and the village of Pal IX (non participants of Prima Tani) in Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan. The data used in research is the data on the planting season of 2009. The objective of the study was to analyze (1) the technical efficiency of rice farming by farmers (participants and non participants of Prima Tani), (2) the inefficiency factors of farmers (participants and non participants of Prima Tani), and (3) the income of farmers (participants and non participants of Prima Tani). From the research results it can concluded that (1) rice farming by the participants in the location of Prima Tani and by non-participant farmers of Prima Tani Tani is technically efficient, Based on the technical efficiency analysis, the participating farmers of Prima Tani had the efficiency index of 0.6 to 1, with 86.67 percent having an average technical efficiency of 0.85, while the non participant farmers had the index of 0.6 to 1, with 76.67 percent having an average technical efficiency of 0.75; (2) the factors that influenced the technical inefficiency of participating farmers of Prima Tani were age, planting system and group meetings, while the factors affecting the technical inefficiency of the non participant farmers were education and group meetings; and (3) the income of participating farmers from rice farming in both rainy season and dry season was higher than that of non-participant farmers of Prima Tani. The income of participating farmers of Prima Tani in the rainy season was Rp 5 654 299 per hectare with the R/C ratio of 2.16, while in the dry season the income was Rp 4 474 490 per hectare with the R/C ratio of 1.9. On the other hand, the income of non-participant farmers of Prima Tani in the rainy season was Rp 3,272,271 per hectare with the R/C ratio of 1.58 and the income in the dry season was Rp 2 353 844 per hectare with the R/C ratio of 1.39.
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Judul: Analysis of Rice Farming Income and Technical Efficiency (Case Study of Warungkondang Sub-District, Cianjur Regency and Cibungbulang, Bogor Regency)
Abstrak: Kecamatan Warungkondang dan Cibungbulang memiliki potensi lahan yang luas untuk ditanami padi, namun produksi padi rendah. Peningkatan produksi padi menjadi hal yang sangat penting mengingat pertumbuhan penduduk meningkat setiap tahun sehingga kebutuhan terhadap padi sebagai sumber pangan meningkat. Jumlah produksi yang lebih banyak akan meningkatkan pendapatan petani. Produksi padi yang tinggi belum tentu menunjukkan proses produksi yang efisien. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk: (1) menganalisis pedapatan usahatani padi, (2) mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi produksi padi, dan (3) menganalisis efisiensi teknis usahatani padi di Kecamatan Warungkodang dan Cibungbulang. Pendapatan usahatani padi akan dianalisis menggunakan analisis penndapatan dan R/C Ratio. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi produksi padi akan dianalisis dengan analisis linear berganda. Efisiensi teknis usahatani padi akan dianaisis menggunakan Stochastic Frontier Analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa R/C ratio petani Kecamatan Warungkondang dengan luas lahan sempit dan luas adalah 1,20 dan 1,30 dan petani padi Kecamatan Cibungbulang yang memiliki lahan sempit dan luas memiliki nilai R/C ratio adalah 1,10 dan 1,12. Pada kedua kecamatan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi usahatani adalah jumlah benih dan tenaga kerja. Kecamatan Warungkondang dan Cibungbulang memiliki nilai efisiensi teknis sebesar 0,86 dan 0,65. Faktor inefisiensi Kecamatan Warungkondang adalah pendidikan petani dan pada Kecamatan Cibungbulang adalah pedidikan dan tanggungan keluarga., Warungkondang and Cibungbulang Sub-District have potentially spacious land to be planted by rice, however their rice production are low. Increasing rice production become important considering there’s increasing population every year. Efficient rice farmers will produce more rice than others who don’t efficient. That is why the purposes of this study are: (1) to analyze income of rice farming, (2) to identify the factors that influence the production of rice, (3) to analyze the technical efficiency of rice farming in Warungkondang and Cibungbulang Sub-District. The method for income analysis is R/C ratio. The factors that influence rice production will be analyzied with Ordinary Least Square. Technical efficiency will be analyzed with Stochastic Frontier Analysis. The results of this study showed that rice farmers of Warungkondang Sub-District with narrow land and wide land R/C ratio are 1,20 and 1,30 and rice farmers of Cibungbulang Sub-District with land narrow wide R/C ratio are 1,10 and 1,12. The factors that influence rice production in both SubDistrict are seed and labor. Warungkondang and Cibungbulang Sub-District efficiency values are 0,86 and 0,65. Factors that influence technical inefficiency in Warungkondang Sub-District are farmers’ education and for Cibungbulang SubDistrict are farmers’ education and family members.
Keyword: ordinary least square, productivity factors, inefficiency, R/C ratio, Stochastic Frontier Analysis

Judul: Light Microscope Study of ConnectiveTissue in The Spleen of Common Rousette Bat (Rousettus amplexicaudatus)
Abstrak: The spleen is the largest lymphoid organ. As a secondary lymphoid organ, in addition to its immune function, the spleen also has functions as blood filtration, storage, and hematopoiesis. The spleen has different morphologies between species that support different physiological functions, one of which is the difference in the structure of the capsule and trabeculae. Capsule and trabeculae of the spleen generally consist of connective tissue and smooth muscle. The thickness of smooth muscle composed together with connective tissue in the capsule and trabecula determines the function of the spleen that is divided spleen into three storage, defense, and intermediate. Bats are the reservoir of various zoonotic diseases. Bats are thought to have unique immune systems compared to other mammals but the characteristics of its immune organs such as the spleen have never been studied before. This study was conducted to examine the characteristics of capsulae and trabecula of the Common Rousette (Rousettus amplexicaudatus).
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