Judul: Pemberian Kolagen Hidrolisa sebagai Agen dalam Pembentukan Matriks Tulang pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang Defisiensi Kalsium.
Abstrak: Kolagen merupakan jenis protein yang mempunyai komponen berserat dan berlimpah pada tulang, gigi, kulit, kartilago, dan tendon yang berfungsi meningkatkan masa tulang, menguatkan tulang, dan sebagai protein penyusun terbesar tubuh. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis peran kolagen hidrolisa pada diet yang diberikan terhadap pembentukan matriks tulang hewan model tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang defisiensi kalsium. Penelitian dilakukan selama empat minggu menggunakan tikus putih betina umur 10 bulan sebanyak 12 ekor yang difisiensi kalsium. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan yaitu perlakuan purified diet kontrol (RP), purified diet dengan kolagen hidrolisa (RK), purified diet dengan nano kalsium (RN), dan purified diet dengan kolagen hidrolisa dan nano kalsium (RKN). Peubah yang diamati yaitu kondisi umum pemeliharaan, performa, kadar kalsium plasma dan tulang, dan morfologi tulang. Konsumsi bahan kering pada RK (7.67±0.40 g e-1 h-1) dan RKN (7.68±0.53 g e-1 h-1) sangat berbeda nyata (P<0.01) dengan RP (8.97±0.36 g e-1 h-1) dan RN (8.92±0.11 g e-1 h-1). Hasil konsumsi kalsium perlakuan RK (71.69±3.72 mg e-1 h-1), RN (77.38±0.94 mg e-1 h-1), dan RKN (77.94±5.21 mg e-1 h-1) sangat berbeda nyata (P<0.01) dengan kontrol (92.68±3.76 mg e-1 h-1). Perlakuan dengan penambahan kolagen hidrolisa pada hewan model belum menunjukkan perbedaan pada serapan kalsium, pertambahan bobot badan harian (PBBH), kalsium plasma, kalsium tulang, dan morfologi tulang tidak ada yang berbeda nyata. Kolagen hidrolisa dalam diet yang diberikan selama empat minggu pada tikus putih betina fase pertumbuhan yang defisiensi kalsium belum mampu meningkatkan pembentukan matriks tulang.
Keyword: kolagen hidrolisa, nano kalsium, matriks tulang

Judul: Status Kalsium Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Defisiensi Kalsium yang diberi Purified Diet Mengandung Kalsium Nano.
Abstrak: Kalsium adalah mineral terbanyak dideposisi dalam tulang hewan dan mempunyai peran yang sangat penting. Defisiensi kalsium pada ternak produktif dapat menurunkan performa. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis status kalsium darah dan tulang hewan model tikus putih betina (Rattus norvegicus) defisiensi kalsium melalui ovariektomi setelah pemberian purified diet kalsium nano dan membandingkan efektivitas pemberian purified diet mengandung kalsium biasa dengan purified diet mengandung kalsium nano. Hewan model tikus yang digunakan sebanyak 5 ekor tidak diovariektomi dan 10 ekor diovariektomi agar mengalami defisiensi kalsium. Kombinasi perlakuannya adalah tikus yang tidak diovariektomi diberi purified diet mengandung kalsium nano (P1), tikus yang diovariektomi diberi purified diet mengandung kalsium nano (P2) dan tikus yang diovariektomi diberi purified diet mengandung kalsium biasa (P3). Analisis data menggunakan uji T independen antara P1 vs P2 dan P2 vs P3. Hasil uji antara P1 dan P2 menunjukkan kalsium tulang tikus diovariektomi yang defisiensi kalsium setelah diberi purified diet mengandung kalsium nano (P2) nyata (P<0.05) lebih tinggi dari kalsium tulang tikus yang tidak diovariektomi. Uji antara P2 dan P3 diperoleh hasil konsumsi dan serapan kalsium tikus sangat nyata (P<0.01) lebih tinggi pada tikus perlakuan purified diet mengandung kalsium nano (P2) dibandingkan tikus perlakuan purified diet kalsium biasa. Simpulannya adalah pemberian purified diet kalsium nano dapat meningkatkan status kalsium darah dan tulang tikus diovariektomi yang defisiensi kalsium menjadi normal selama 90 hari. Purified diet mengandung kalsium nano lebih tinggi diserap tubuh pada hewan model defisiensi kalsium dibandingkan purified diet yang mengandung kalsium biasa tetapi belum dapat meningkatkan kualitas tulang.
Keyword: kalsium nano, ovariektomi, tikus putih, tulang

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite