Judul: Relationship of Spatial between Topography and  Soil Characteristics of Classification Differentiae in Quaternary Volcanic Hills in  Subang, West Java
Abstrak: Penarikan batas satuan peta tanah (SPT) untuk daerah dengan keragaman topografi yang tinggi dapat didasarkan pada perbedaan topografinya. Namun banyak kasus menunjukkan fakta bahwa di dalam satuan topografi yang sama masih dijumpai keragaman karakteristik tanah yang tinggi. Penelitian ini dirancang untuk mengamati morfologi tanah dengan intensitas tinggi pada area sempit yang memiliki faktor pembentuk tanah homogen kecuali topografi, di perbukitan volkan kuarter di Subang, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengungkapkan apakah keragaman spasial topografi, khususnya di daerah dengan tipologi seperti area studi, sejalan dengan keragaman karakteristik tanahnya. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat dijadikan dasar dalam menentukan strategi pengamatan dan penarikan batas untuk pemetaan tanah khususnya tingkat detil. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada area seluas 10 ha yang merupakan bagian dari PT. Perkebunan Buah Subang dengan melakukan 50 pemboran (boring) secara menyebar menurut segmen lereng dan pengamatan 6 (enam) profil pewakil. Didasarkan pada karakteristik morfologinya ke-6 (enam) profil pewakil telah diklasifikasikan menurut dua sistem klasifikasi. Hasil klasifikasi hingga Subgroup menurut Taksonomi Tanah menunjukkan bahwa ke-6 (enam) profil pewakil merupakan Typic Dystrudepts, yang berarti bahwa seluruh area studi hanya terdiri dari Typic Dystrudepts. Sementara itu hasil klasifikasi hingga kategori Macam Tanah menurut Sistem Klasifikasi Nasional menunjukkan area studi didominasi Latosol Kromik dan sebagian kecil tanahnya termasuk Latosol Haplik. Penelusuran lebih seksama menunjukkan masih ada keragaman morfologi di antara ke-6 (enam) profil yang dideskripsi, terlepas dari hasil klasifikasi yang homogen. Keragaman morfologi yang tergolong menonjol adalah warna tanah, yaitu 3 (tiga) profil memiliki hue 7.5YR, dan 2 (dua) profil memiliki hue 5YR, dan 1 (satu) profil memiliki hue 10YR. Keragaman lainnya antara lain ketebalan horizon genetik dan diagnostik. Namun demikian, hasil penelusuran hubungan antara posisi profil pewakil pada segmen lereng dengan keragaman morfologi tersebut menunjukkan hubungan yang tidak konsisten, yaitu hue dominan 7.5YR atau 5YR atau 10YR dan atau ketebalan horizon genetik dan diagnostik tertentu dari tanah di daerah studi tidak bersifat unik untuk profil pada segmen lereng tertentu., The delination of soil map unit (SMU) boundaries for areas with high topographical variability can be based on the topographic boundaries. However, many cases show the fact that in the same topographic unit there is still a high variability of soil characteristics. This study was designed to intensively observe soil morphology in a small area that has homogeneous soil forming factors except topography, in the quarternary volcanic hills in Subang, West Java. This study is intended to reveal whether the spatial variability of topography, especially in areas with a typology such as the study area, is in line with the variability of soil characteristics. The results of the research are expected to be used as a basis for determining the strategy of soil observation and SMU delineation, especially for the detailed mapping. The research was carried out in an area of 10 ha which is part of PT. Buah Subang by carrying out 50 augers spread according to the slope segment and observing six representative profiles. Based on their morphological characteristics, the six representative profiles have been classified according to two classification systems. The results of the classification to Subgroups according to Soil Taxonomy show that the six
Keyword: morfologi tanah pembeda, pemetaan tanah detil, satuan peta tanah

Judul: Studi Pemetaan Tanah Dengan Menggunakanarealkuncidlkecamatan Ciomas Dan Padarincang Kabupaten Serang, Banten
Abstrak: As natural and dinamic heterogcncous product, soil character are different from one place to another, following the variation factors of soil formation. The accurate soil mapping are needed (0 support regional planning. Study of soil mapping by using key area in Subdistrict of Ciomas and Padarincang of Serang Regency have been done.• The objective of this study are: to learn variation, characteristics, classification and delineation the soil mapping unit in the key area, to explore the soil mapping unit from the key area to entire survey area. That data are compared with data from Team of FEM IPB survey result (Team ofFEM IPB, 2003), that using combination ofLandlorm and Grid System methodes. Determination of key area was conducted at representatif area based on landform analyse from topographic and geological maps. At the key area, field observation of soil characteristic, and classification with Soil Taxonomy (Soil Survey Staff, 1996 and 1999). Was done the observation also for land characteristics. Therefore, design of soil mapping unit covered in the key area and factor that determine delineation of soil mapping unit, could be learned. Extrapolation to entire survey area due to relation of soil mapping unit at the key area with consideration of the landform. Survey area covered 15.365 Ha and the wide of key area 1.482 Ha. Soil subgroup in the key area are Typic Hapludults, Typic Dystrudepts, Lithic Eutrudox, Typic Kandiudox, Typic Endoaqualfs, Typic Hydraquents, Sulfic Tropaquepts and Lithic Troporthents. Soil subgroups based on FEM IPB Team are Thapto-Histic Fluvaquents, Aeric Tropic Fluvaquents, Tropic Fluvaquents, Thapto-Histic Tropic Fluvaquents, Typic Hydraquents, Typic Kandiudox, Aquic Kandiudox, Typic Hapludults and Lithic Tropaquepts. The survey area with volcanic slope landforms, that covered SPT 1, 2, 3, 4, and SPT 5, were found 6 subgroup of soil, while in mapping that done by Team FEM IPB, that covered SPT 4, 6, 7, 8, 9 and SPT 10, were found 7 soil subgroup. Of the closed depression landform (SPT 6 and 7) there were 3 soil subgroups, but according to the FEM IPB Team that covered SPT 1,2,3 and SPT 5 consist 5 soil subgroups. Mapping by using key area produce more accurate soil mapping unit at volcanic slope landforms, but less covering all soil varieties at flat area of closed depression landform. Grid system are better to do in flat survey area.
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Judul: Shark (Centrophorus sp.) Liver Oil Enriched  with Omega-3 Concentrate as an Immunostimulant
Abstrak: Minyak hati ikan cucut kaya akan squalene namun rendah omega-3. Squalene dan omega-3 diketahui masing-masing memiliki efek imunostimulan. Penelitian terkait pengaruh pemberian minyak ikan mengandung komponen squalene dan omega yang tinggi terhadap imunitas belum pernah dilakukan. Penelitian ini menggunakan minyak hati ikan cucut yang ditambahkan dengan konsentrat omega- 3 pada konsentrasi tertentu. Penambahan omega-3 pada minyak hati cucut akan meningkatkan kandungan asam lemak tak jenuh pada minyak ikan yang dapat mengakibatkan minyak ikan lebih mudah mengalami oksidasi. Penambahan antioksidan dapat memperpanjang masa simpan produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh penambahan konsentrat omega-3 pada minyak hati cucut sebagai imunostimulan melalui uji in vitro dan mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi antioksidan terhadap oksidasi minyak ikan selama penyimpanan. Penambahan konsentrat omega-3 pada minyak hati cucut menunjukkan efek imunostimulan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan minyak kontrol berdasarkan nilai viabilitas splenosit dan fagositosis makrofag. Penambahan antioksidan pada minyak dapat menghambat oksidasi minyak hati cucut selama penyimpanan hingga 30 hari pada suhu ruang untuk semua sampel, namun pada konsentrasi 6000 ppm terjadi prooksidan yang diakibatkan konsentrasi antioksidan yang ditambahkan terlalu tinggi., Shark liver oil is rich in squalene but low in omega-3. Squalene and omega- 3 are known to each have an immunostimulating effect. Research related to the effect of fish oil containing high squalene and omega components on immunity has never been carried out. This study used shark liver oil added with omega-3 concentrate at a certain concentration. The addition of omega-3 to shark liver oil will increase the content of unsaturated fatty acids in fish oil which can make fish oil more susceptible to oxidation. The addition of antioxidants can extend the shelf life of the product. This study aims to analyze the effect of adding omega-3 concentrate to shark liver oil as an immunostimulant through in vitro tests and to determine the effect of antioxidant concentrations on oxidation of fish oil during storage. The addition of omega-3 concentrate to the shark liver oil showed a higher immunostimulating effect than the control oil based on the values of splenocyte viability and phagocytosis of macrophages. The addition of antioxidants to oil can inhibit oxidation of shark liver oil during storage up to 30 days at room temperature for all samples, but at a concentration of 6000 ppm pro-oxidants occur due to the concentration of antioxidants added being too high.
Keyword: antioxidant, immunostimulant, omega-3 concentrate, shark liver oil, squalene