Judul: Analysis  of  competitiveness  and  determinants  of  indonesian cpo export to india and netherlands
Abstrak: Sejak tahun 2006, Indonesia menjadi produsen CPO terbesar di dunia. Namun, krisis ekonomi global menyebabkan penurunan laju ekspor CPO dunia dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Selain itu terdapat hambatan non tarif berupa black campaign terhadap di Eropa. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis daya saing dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ekspor CPO ke India dan Belanda. Berdasarkan hasil analisis Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), CPO Indonesia memiliki daya saing yang sangat kuat di pasar India dan Belanda. Hasil analisis Ordinary Least Square(OLS) menunjukkan ekspor CPO Indonesia ke India dipengaruhi oleh semua variabel dependen (harga ekspor CPO, harga minyak kedelai, kurs rupiah terhadap dollar, nilai RCA CPO Indonesia di India, dan pajak progresif). Sedangkan ekspor CPO Indonesia ke Belanda dipengaruhi oleh harga minyak kedelai dan pajak progresif., Since 2006, Indonesia has become the largest CPO producer in the world. However, global economic crisis caused decreasing in Indonesian CPO export in recent years. In addition, there is non tariff barrier, black campaign against Indonesia CPO in Europe. This study aims to analyze the competitiveness and the determinant of Indonesian CPO export to India and Netherlands. Based on RCA analysis, Indonesia CPO has high comparative advantage in India and Netherlands markets. The result of OLS analysis showed that the export of Indonesian CPO to India was affected significantly by all dependent variables (export price of CPO, price of soybean oil, exchange rate, RCA index, and progressive advalorem tax). Whereas, the export of Indonesian CPO to Netherlands was affected significantly by price of soybean oil, and progressive advalorem tax.
Keyword: black campaign, CPO, daya saing, ekspor, faktor-faktor

Judul: Analisis Daya Saing dan Determinan Ekspor Produk Kelapa Sawit (CPO dan RPO) Indonesia ke Negara Tujuan Utama
Abstrak: Indonesia adalah negara eksportir terbesar kelapa sawit di dunia. Namun, volume ekspor CPO Indonesia cenderung menurun sedangkan volume ekspor RPO meningkat periode 2006-2021.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi daya saing dan determinan ekspor produk kelapa sawit Indonesia CPO (HS 151110) dan RPO (HS 151190) ke negara tujuan utama. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah RCA, EPD, X-Model, dan regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan CPO dan RPO memiliki daya saing yang kuat. Hasil EPD adalah CPO Indonesia memiliki pangsa pasar rising star, lost opportunity, falling star, dan retreat sedangkan RPO rising star pada delapan negara tujuan. Hasil regresi data panel pada CPO menunjukkan bahwa harga ekspor, jarak ekonomi, nilai tukar riil, dan populasi negara tujuan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap volume ekspor CPO Indonesia. Variabel harga ekspor, nilai tukar riil, populasi, dan dummy hilirisasi kelapa sawit memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap volume ekspor RPO Indonesia., Indonesia is the largest exporter of palm oil in the world. However, the volume of Indonesian CPO exports tends to decrease while the volume of RPO exports increases in the 2006-2021 period. The aim of this research is to identify the competitiveness and determinants of exports of Indonesian palm oil products CPO (HS 151110) and RPO (HS 151190) to the main destination countries. The methods used in this research are RCA, EPD, X-Model, and panel data regression. The research results show that CPO and RPO have strong competitiveness. The results of the EPD show that Indonesian CPO has a rising star market share, lost opportunity, falling star and retreat, while RPO is a rising star in eight destination countries. The panel data regression results on CPO show that export prices, economic distance, real exchange rates, and populations of destination countries have a significant effect on Indonesia's CPO export volume. The variables of export prices, real exchange rates, population, and dummy palm oil downstream have a significant influence on the export volume of Indonesian RPO.
Keyword: competitiveness, CPO, export, panel data, RPO

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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