Judul: Variability and growth response and asiaticoside production of asiatic pennywort (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) at different site elevations and shades.
Abstrak: In developing products derived from asiatic pennywort there is a lack of guarantee in terms of raw material supply and quality. To support such needs, standardized plant material will ensure production level and quality. The objectives of this research were: 1) to obtain information of the genetic parameters, i.e. of asiatic pennywort morphological characters and criterion of selection to produce high content of asiaticoside and dry shoot production, obtaining asiatic pennywort accessions which have high content of asiaticoside and dry shoot production, and information about the result of asiatic pennywort selection based on independent culling level, a single selection, weighted and unweighted standardized selection indexes, 2) to analyse and evaluate genetic distances of 17 accessions asiatic pennywort based on morphological, RAPD, and the data of markers combination, and 3) to obtain response of the growth and asiaticoside production of six asiatic pennywort plant accessions in different shades on low and high elevation areas. Results of the research showed that number of leaf; length, width, and leaf area: number of vein leaf, and segment length on the longest stolon have wide genetic variability and high heritability. The length and diameter of leaf petiole: leaf thickness, number of runner, content and production of asiaticoside that showed narrow genetic variability and heritability from low to moderate. Narrow genetic variability and high heritability were shown by characters of dry shoot weight. Direct selection toward dry shoot production could be conducted through selection of leaf area. The selection indicated that 4 accessions of asiatic pennywort showed high content of asiaticoside and dry shoot weight, namely Casi 016, Casi 003, Casi 008, and Casi 002. Grouping of asiatic pennywort accessions based on morphological, RAPD, and the basis of markers combination divided the 17 accessions of asiatic pennywort into 4, 5, and 4 groups at similarity level of 0.33, 0.73, and 0.72, respectively. In high elevation, highest production of asiaticoside (2.34 g m-2) and content of asiaticoside above MMI standard (1.33%) occured in Casi 002 planted without shade.
Keyword: Medicinal plants, Genetic variability, High elevation, Shade, Low elevation, Centella asiatica L. (Urban)

Judul: Studi Kultur Kalus Tanaman Pegagan (Centella miatica L.) Untuk Menghasilkan Senyawa Asiatikosida
Abstrak: Pegagan ( Centella asiatica L.) herbs is one of medicinal herbs component which is often used in traditional treatments, especially as anti inflammation, diuretics, tonic, and hypertension, pheri very bleeding, leprosy, tuberculoses, quickening wound healing and acne healing. Namely h4adecassolR which is consist of Centella asiatica extract used in modem treatmen for preventing khelloid forming and quickening wound healing in dosage form as bblet, spread powder and cream. The drugs contain of Centella asiatica are asiaticoside, Asiatic acid and madecassac acid. The of Object of of this experiment was to study the possibility of production of asiaticosida by callus cultures of Centella asiatica L. Explant used was leaf and petiole of sterile obtained fiom in vitro cultivation which old about 6 month. The basal medium used was MS (Murashige and Skoog). Treatment growth regulation combinations was sitokinin BA and kinetin (0.5 mg/l, 1.0 mg/l) with auxin 2,4 D ( 0.0, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0 mg/l)Asiaticoside produced by callus were analyzed quantitatively using HPLC method. The result showed that highest mean of wet weight of callus by leaf explant (8 and 16 weeks after cutivating was 0.908 g and 3.248 g(BA 1.0 mg/l + 2.4 D 0.0 mg/l) and 1.024 g and 4.599 g (Kinetin 1.0 mg/l + 2,4D 0.0 mg/l)of callus by petiole explant.. The dry weight of highest mean of callus obtained at same treatment and like at wet weight highest mean of callus that is 0.221 g ( BA 1.0 g/lrn+2.4D0.0 d m ) and 0.193 g ( Kinetin 1.0 mg/l + 2,4D 0.0 mg/l). The result of analysis of HPLC indicate that callus existence of compound asiaticoside, the callus from leaf explant ( BA 1.0 mg/l + 2,4D 0.0 mg/l) asiaticoside compoud contents was 0.062 % per weight of sample callus. While at callus from petiole (Kinetin 1.0 mg/l + 2,4D 0.0 mg/l) asiaticoside compound contents was 0.079 % per weight of sample callus.
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Judul: Grup dan Homomorfisma Grup pada Rubik Revenge
Abstrak: Rubik cube is a kind of puzzle game. A player must arrange rubik sides, which have been disordered, back to the position where every side has the same colour. This paper does not focus on the settlement solution, but instead on proving the existence of a group homomorphism between rubik movement group and S96 symmetric permutation group in rubik revenge. Firstly, it has been proved that rubik movement set is a group. Then, it also has been proved that the M set, which contains numeric labels of 1 until 96 in cubinos sides, is S96 symmetric permutation group.
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