Judul: Perilaku mineral zeolit dan pengaruhnya terhadap perkembangan tanah
Abstrak: Penelitian mengenai aplikasi pemanfaatan mineral zeolit telah banyak dilakukan, akan tetapi sifat-sifat dasar serta perilaku mineral tersebut dalam kaitan pemanfaatannya sangat sedikit diketahui ataupun diteliti. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengkaji sifat-sifat dasar dan perilaku mineral zeolit, serta mempelajari pengaruh bahan induk zeolitik terhadap perkembangan dan sifat-sifat tanah yang terbentuk. Dalam penelitian ini telah dilakukan analisis terhadap komposisi batuan induk zeolitik serta perilaku mineral zeolit terhadap perlakuan aktifasi, pertukaran kation serta selektifitas penyerapan kation dengan tujuan untuk dapat mempelajari proses-proses yang berkaitan dengan reaksi fisik ataupun kimia yang terjadi di dalam tanah.
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Judul: Pengaruh pemberian takaran mineral zeloit dengan lamanya waktu inkubasi terhadap perubahan titik muatan nol (pHo) dan beberapa sifat kimia tanah oxisol dari pelaihari (Kalimantan Selatan)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatahui pengaruh pemberian mineral zeolit dengan perbedaan lamanya waktu inkubasi terhadap perubahan titik muatan nol (pH) tanah dan perubanan beberapa sifat kimia tanah, antara lain: kemasaman tanah, kapasitas tukar kation, dan kadar bebera- pa unsur nara, seperti K-dd, Na-dd, Ca-ad, dan Mg-dd, serta terhadap alumunium yang dapat dipertukarkan. Penelitian dilakukan mulai awal Desember 1988 sampai akhir Juni 1969. Tempat yang digunakan adalah Rumah Kaca, Laboratorium Mineralogi, Laboratorium Kimia Jurusan Tanah, aan Laboratorium Agronomi Balitan Cimanggu, Bogor. Tanah diambil secara komposit dari lapangan kemudian dikering udarakan, ditumbuk dan diayak dengan ayakan 2mm. Selan- jutnya ditimbang sebanyak 500 g (BKM) dimasukkan ke dalam polibag serta ditambahkan mineral zeolit yang telan diak- tifkan sesuai dengan takaran yang ditentukan. Takaran mineral zeolit yang dicobakan adalah 0, 2, 4, 8, aan 16 ton per hektar. Langkah selanjutnya diinkubasi selama 3b dan 12 minggu dalam keadaan kapasitas lapang. Pada akhir masa inkubasi contoh tanah diambil kemudian dianalisis untuk ditentukan sirat kimianya. Pemberian mineral zeolit berpengaruh terhadap penurunan titik muatan nol (pH) tanah, serta peningkatan beberapa sitat kimia tanah, seperti pH tanah, kapasitas tukar kation, kadar K-da, Na-dd, dan Ca-ad. Pemberian takaran mineral zeolit berpengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan pH tanah, KTK, dan sangat nyata terhadap K, Na, dan Ca yang dapat dipertukarkan. Takaran yang memberikan nilai hasil analisis tertinggi adalah 6 ton per hektar atau berkisar antara 4 dan 8 ton per hektar…dst
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Judul: Biology and ecology of the buffalo fly, haematobia exigua de meijere (diptera:muscidae)
Abstrak: The life history of the buffalo fly was observed at room temperature of 27°-29.5°C and at a relative humidity of 48-68 percent. The eggs hatched after 17-22 hours, with an average of 18 hours. First instar larvae measured 1.25 + 0.16 mm long and 0.27 + 0.037 mm wide. reach the second larval stage. It took 6-12 hours to the second instar larvae measured 2.676 +0.187 mm long and 0.353 +0.028 mm wide. The second instar took about 12-24 hours to reach the third larval stage. The third instar measured 6.833 + 0.189 mm long and 0.919 + 0.051 mm wide. It took about 2-3 days for the third instar to become pupae. Duration of the pupal stage was about 5-7 days before the adults emerged. Under laboratory condition, the buffalo fly completed its life cycle in 9.5 to 10.5 days, whereas under field condition it took 9-14 days with an average of 10.5 days. The growth ratio which was based on the measurements of the cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton of each instar was 1.797. The preoviposition period was 8-12 days and mating usually occurred on the 6th or 7th day. The longevity of the male was 29 days, whereas it was 32 days in the female. The range of egg production under laboratory condition was between 20-139 per female fly. The belly and hind legs of the carabao were the most preferred habitat either during cloudy and cool dry or shiny and warm day. When the weather was clear and the carabao was in the shade, the flies tended to be more distributed particularly on the shoulder, dewlap, back and horns. The carabaos had relatively fewer Musca sp. and Stomoxys calcitrans than cattle; never the less carabaos had a higher infestation of buffalo fly than cattle. Oviposition occured either during the day or night but the buffalo flies were more active during the night than in the day time. The effect of various lengths of exposure time of manure in relation to the oviposition was profound. observed, the maximum number of the buffalo flies was occurred when the dung was exposed for 30 minutes. With increasing time of exposure the number and variety of insects also increase. It was evident that Sepsidae and psychodidae were the most dominant insects emerging from the dung. The number of buffalo flies also increased with increasing
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