Judul: Dampak desentralisasi fiskal terhadap kemiskinan dan ketahanan pangan di wilayah Provinsi Jawa Barat
Abstrak: The implementation of fiscal decentralization in accordance with Law No 32/2004 regarding of local government and No 33/2004 regarding of inter-government fiscal relationship was considered as the new era management and local government budget. Fiscal decentralization gives the opportunity for local government in order to increase income and the expenses side within the controlling of budget has more ability to spend the facilities in accordance to the people needs that gives externality for local economic activities that may increase the income of people, food security performance and to reduce poverty. The objectives of this research were to (1) describe regional fiscal, economic, poverty and food security performance in the fiscal decentralization, (2) analyze factors affecting regional fiscal, economic, poverty and food security performance, and (3) analyze the impact of fiscal decentralization policies and external factor on poverty and food security in West Java. The descriptive analysis and dynamic simultaneous equation models that were used in this research, using polled time series data of 1995 – 2005 and cross section data of 13 districts. Econometric model is constructed by 4 blocks, consisting of the regional fiscal, regional economic, poverty, and food security performance. Model was estimated using the 2SLS (Two Stage Least Squares) method SYSLIN procedure and simulation used the SIMNLIN procedure. The result of the research shows that fiscal decentralization gives significant effect on the increasing of regional income and expenses. The DAU was the source of 68 percent of regional income, and the routine expenditures were the largest regional expenditures (77 percent) in the fiscal decentralization. The mix policies of increasing agricultural development expenditures, paddy price, and health and education development expenditures will have the most impact to reduce of poverty and increase food security in West Java.
Keyword: Poverty reduce, Fiscal desentralization, Food security, Two Stage Least Squares, West Java

Judul: Dampak kebijakan fiskal daerah terhadap kemiskinan di Indonesia pada masa desentralisasi fiskal
Abstrak: Local government spending has been increasing from year to year during decentralization era, which the largest proportion derives from central government. Nevertheles, the economic performance, mainly poverty decrease very slowly, far from the government target in 2009. Therefore, this research has aim 1) to determine the dynamic of local fiscal, output and poverty, 2) to determine factors that affect fiscal policy, output and poverty, 3) to analyze the impact of fiscal policy on output and poverty. This study uses simultaneous equations model (SEM) to identify the factors that affect local government revenues and spending and their impact on fiscal and economic performance of regions. The result shows that government revenue is affected by GDRP, fiscal gap, and population. Government spending is affected by GDRP, revenue, and spending the previous year. Increased government revenues and spending has a positive impact on economic performance and negatif impact on poverty. Combination of spending on education and health, and agriculture provides the greatest impact to decrease poverty.
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Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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