Judul: Extraction, characterization and purification enzymes cathepsin from catfish (Pangasius Hypophthalmus)
Abstrak: This study aims to extract the enzyme cathepsin, to characterize the crude extract and to purify the cathepsin enzyme derived from catfish. the stages of this research consists of the extraction, characterization, and purification of the enzyme cathepsin. the characteristic of crude extract from cathepsin enzyme is that it has temperature, pH and substrate optimum around 50 °C, 6, and 2%. The presence of Fe3+ , Cu2+, Ca2+,Mn2+ metal ions can inhibit enzyme activity. Purification process using ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-sephadex A- 50 gives the best value on the activity of the fraction 18 is equal to 0.762 U / mL and the specific activity of 54.077 mg / mL as well as having multiple levels of purification of 59.602 times. Molecular weight of cathepsin enzyme is purely the result of SDS-PAGE and the molecular weight of 43.18 kDa enzyme has a proteolytic activity alleged in zimogram analysis is 49.93 kDa.
Keyword: enzyme, cathepsin, purification, catfish

Judul: Extraction Optimization and Characterization of Fish Oil from Catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) By-product
Abstrak: Cultivation of catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) increased rapidly in 2008, as many as 102,010 tonnes, Increasing almost three times compared to the previous year production 36,780 tons. In 2010 the volume of catfish aquaculture production reached 147,890 tonnes, and is expected to reach 400,000 tons in 2011 (increased 70%). Catfish plays an important role in aquaculture production, and by 2013 the Indonesian government put catfish as one of the four commodities that enter the flagship program of fisheries industrialization. Unfortunately increasing production of catfish also resulted in increasing its by-product. The yield of catfish by-product is very high (50%). Therefore catfish by-product are potential to be a source of rich omega-3 oils. The purpose of this study was to characterize by-products and to determine the type of catfish by-product that are potential on producing fish oil, to determine the fatty acid profile of catfish by-product, selecting the best extraction and determination of the quality of fish oil of selected catfish by-product, and the optimization of production of fish oil by the response surface method. Based on the data obtained, the by-product selected for further extraction method were the catfish skin. The selected extraction was temperature and time of 60°C and 30 minutes, respectively. The optimum extraction process was obtained at 62.99°C for 32.68 minutes, with oxidation characteristic are yield, peroxide value, free fatty acid, p-anisidine value, acid value and total oxidation of 14.73%. , 73.15 meq/kg, 1.01%, 316.934 meq/kg, 1.06 mg KOH/kg and 512.508 respectively.
Keyword: by-product, catfish, extraction, fatty acids, optimization

Judul: Pola Pernikahan Masyarakat Batak Karo di Perantauan
Abstrak: Pernikahan adalah budaya yang tidak akan pernah berhenti, pernikahan akan terjadi secara berkelanjutan Dasarnya, karena pernikahan merupakan kebutuhan biologis manusia. Indonesia adalah negara yang kaya akan budaya dan etnis. Setiap suku di Indonesia mempunyai tata cara/adat istiadat dalam pelaksanaan pernikahan itu sendiri. Begitupun dengan suku Batak karo yang mempunyai sendiri tata cara pelaksanaan pernikahan. Seiring dengan perkembangan zaman Karo Banyak masyarakat yang merantau ke berbagai daerah di Indonesia, salah satunya Bogor berjalan-jalan. Masyarakat Karo yang merantau ke wilayah Bogor pada umumnya akan berusaha melakukan adaptasi ke negara tempat tinggal baru. Keadaan ini juga terjadi pada perkawinan Karo dalam pola adaptasi di Bogor. Namun adaptasi pernikahan masyarakat Karo di Bogor berupaya menjaga nilai-nilai budaya Karo dan sakralisme perkawinan. Mereka do Karo Dimodifikasi pada pola perkawinan, dengan tetap menjaga nilai budaya pernikahan.
Keyword: Weddings Karo, Adaptation marriage patterns, Attitudes