Judul: Efektivitas Kombinasi Infusa Daun Keji Beling dan Daun Sembukan Sebagai Antidiare Pada Mencit
Abstrak: Diare merupakan satu di antara beberapa gangguan kesehatan yang sering terjadi pada hewan secara global dengan dampak kerugian ekonomi cukup besar. Pengobatan yang diberikan untuk mengatasi diare umumnya berasal dari bahan sintetik (farmasetik) yang dapat menimbulkan efek samping yang tidak diinginkan. Daun keji beling dan sembukan secara turun-temurun sudah digunakan sebagai pengobatan tradisional, namun belum ada penelitian farmakologis mengenai antidiare yang berasal dari kombinasi daun keji beling dan sembukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji aktivitas serta mengetahui konsentrasi terbaik kombinasi infusa daun keji beling dan sembukan sebagai antidiare. Kelompok perlakuan terdiri atas kelompok kontrol negatif (suspensi Tween 80 [1%]), kontrol positif (suspensi loperamide HCl), dan kombinasi infusa (konsentrasi 12,5%, 25%, 50%, dan 100%). Metode yang digunakan adalah proteksi dan transit intestinal pada mencit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi infusa daun keji beling dan sembukan memiliki aktivitas antidiare yang bekerja dengan cara menurunkan frekuensi defekasi, memperbaiki konsistensi feses, dan dapat menekan motilitas usus. Kombinasi infusa daun keji beling dan sembukan dengan konsentrasi 50% memiliki aktifitas antidiare yang paling efektif., Diarrhea is one of several health problems that often occur in animals, globally with a large economic impact. Medications given to treat diarrhea generally come from synthetic (pharmaceutical) ingredients which can cause unwanted side effects. The leaves of keji beling and sembukan have been used for generations as traditional medicine, but there has been no pharmacological research on anti-diarrheal drugs derived from a combination of keji beling and sembukan leaves. This study aims to test the activity and find out the best concentration of the combination of keji beling and sembukan leaf infusion as an anti-diarrheal. The treatment group consisted of a negative control group (Tween 80 [1%] suspension), positive control (loperamide HCl suspension), and a combination of infusions (concentrations of 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100%). The method used is protection and intestinal transit in mice. The results showed that the combination of infusion of keji beling and sembukan leaves has an anti-diarrheal activity which works by reducing the frequency of defecation, improving stool consistency, and suppressing intestinal motility. The combination of infusion of keji beling and sembukan leaves with a concentration of 50% has the most effective antidiarrheal activity.
Keyword: diarrhea, intestinal protection, intestinal transit, keji beling, sembukan

Judul: Effectiveness of Combination Arabic  Gum and Keji Beling Leaf Infusion as Antidiarrheal in Mice
Abstrak: Gum arab dan daun keji beling merupakan dua herbal yang telah banyak dimanfaatkan dalam pengobatan tradisional dan diketahui memiliki kandungan fitonutrien yang berpotensi sebagai antidiare. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektivitas kombinasi infusa gum arab dan daun keji beling (Strobilanthes crispa Bl.) sebagai antidiare, menentukan konsentrasi yang paling efektif dalam memberikan efek antidiare, serta menguji aktivitas antidiarenya pada mencit. Pengujian efektivitas antidiare dilakukan dengan metode proteksi intestinal dan transit intestinal untuk mengetahui kemampuan sediaan dalam menghambat frekuensi defekasi, memperbaiki konsistensi feses, dan mengurangi motilitas usus. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kombinasi infusa gum arab dan infusa daun keji beling dengan konsentrasi 50% efektif dalam menghambat diare pada mencit. Namun, konsentrasi 100%, 25%, dan 12,5% tidak menunjukkan adanya efek antidiare. Aktivitas antidiare kombinasi infusa gum arab dan daun keji beling ditunjukan oleh penurunan frekuensi defekasi, perbaikan konsistensi feses, dan penghambatan motilitas usus., Arabic gum and keji beling leaves are two herbs widely used in traditional medicine and are known to contain phytonutrients that have the potential as an antidiarrheal. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a combination of gum arabic and keji beling (Strobilanthes crispa Bl.) leaf infusion as an antidiarrheal, to find the most effective concentration for giving antidiarrheal effects and to test its antidiarrheal activity on mice. The effectiveness of the antidiarrheal was evaluated using the intestinal protection and intestinal transit methods to determine the preparation's capacity to reduce defecation frequency, improve stool consistency, and reduce intestinal motility. Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that a mixture of 50% gum arabic infusion and keji beling leaf infusion could effectively prevent diarrhea in mice. However, 100%, 25%, and 12.5% concentrations had no such effect. The antidiarrheal activity of the combination of gum arabic and keji beling leaf infusion was indicated by a decrease in the frequency of defecation, improvement in stool consistency, and inhibition of intestinal motility.
Keyword: antidiarrheal, arabic gum, keji beling

Judul: Characterizations of low alloy steel sae 4422  plated with chromic acid (Cro3)
Abstrak: Characterizations of low alloy steel SAE 4422 plated with chromic acid (CrOrO3) was use Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), RD),Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-Ray (EDAX), Hardness Test and Roughness Test. Microstructures analysis exhibits cracks and grain boundaries microcracks as a characteristics of chrome metal found at plating metal. Perlite and Ferrite as grains of steel found at base metal with grain boundaries around it. Phase analysis of plating metal appropriate to chrome metal with lattice constant (a) is 2.559 Å and phase analysis of base metal appropriate to iron ferrite with lattice constant (a) is 3.318 Å. Both plating and base metal have cubic system. Chemical analysis of plating metal at surface section exhibits that cracks area have highest value of carbon element compare with grains and grains boundaries area. While chemical analysis of base metal at cross section exhibits that perlite have highest value of carbon element compare with ferrite and grain boundaries. The hardness value of plating metal at surface section and cross section are 753 and 637 VHN. While, the hardness value of base metal and interface area at cross section are 205 and 373 VHN. The roughness value at measurement points of chrome surface for as received sample are 0.445 μm. Observation used Optical Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy exhibits surface irregularities combine to form surface texture of plating metal at surface section.
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