Judul: Competitivenes Analysis and Government Policy Effect on Business of Vanda doughlas Orchid in Tangerang Selatan
Abstrak: Indonesian orchid trade balance was positive since 2008-2012. One of The highest demand for orchid cut flowers is Vanda doughlas. Tangerang Selatan is the largest producer of Vanda doughlas in the Jabodetabek area. The purpose of this study are (1) to analyze the competitiveness of Vanda doughlas Orchid in Tangerang Selatan, (2) to analyze the government policy effect on competitiveness of Vanda doughlas Orchid in Tangerang Selatan,(3) and to analyze the effects of changes in input prices and the increase or decrease of production on competitiveness of Vanda doughlas Orchid in Tangerang Selatan. This study uses the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) and Sensitivity Analysis. The result shows that the Vanda doughlas of Tangerang Selatan has private benefit Rp927 976 392 per hectare and social benefit of Rp9 438 355 442 per hectare, it means that business of Vanda doughlas Orchid is beneficial in finance and economy. Vanda doughlas of Tangerang Selatan has Privat Cost Ratio (PCR) value 0.6089 and Domestic Resource Cost (DRC) Ratio 0.1352. It means that the Vanda doughlas of Tangerang Selatan has competitive advantage lower than comparative advantage but still has competitiveness. Government policy effect for output did not have great effect in increasing the competitivenes of Vanda doughlas in Tangerang Selatan. It is showed on Output Transfer (TO) value Rp-8 505 773 472 and Nominal Protection Coefficient Output (NPCO) 0.2189. Also, government policy effect for input have not been succeeded in increasing the competitivenes of Vanda doughlas in Tangerang Selatan. It can be showed on Input Transfer (TI) value Rp1 697 803, Factor Transfer (TF) Rp2 907 775, dan Nominal Protection Coefficient Input (NPCI) 1.1918. Same as before, government policy effect for output-input have not been increasing the competitivenes of Vanda doughlas in Tangerang Selatan. It can be showed on Effective Protection Coefficient (EPC) 0.2181, Net Transfer (TB) Rp-8 510 379 050, Provitablity Coefficient (PC) 0.0983, dan Subsidy Ratio to Producer (SRP) -3.4871. The increasing in prices of insecticides, inorganic fertilizer, and the decreasing in production about 10 percent may reduces comparative and competitive advantage (competitiveness) of the Vanda doughlas in Tangerang Selatan but it is still beneficial in finance and economy. Whereas, the increase in production output about 10 percent can raise comparative and competitive advantage (competitiveness) of Vanda douglas in Tangerang Selatan.
Keyword: Competitiveness, Vanda doughlas, Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM)

Judul: Analisis Pendapatan dan Pola Pemasaran Usahatani Anggrek Vanda douglas (Studi Kasus: Petani Anggota dan Non Anggota "Gapoktan Bersatu" Desa RAwakalong, Kecamatan Gunungg Sindur, Kabupaten Bogor)
Abstrak: Ornamental plants / floriculture has good prospects because each year shows an increase in demand for ornamental plants, especially in orchids. According to the Central Bureau of Statistics (2014), there are three biggest contributor orchid production in Indonesia, West Java, Central Java and Banten. Gapoktan Bersatu is one of achievement gapoktan in Indonesia engaged in farming Vanda douglas located in Rawakalong village, District of Gunung Sindur, Bogor Regency. Rawakalong village is one of the main Vanda douglas production areas in West Java. The purpose of this study is to identify and compare the characteristics of the farm, traders, institutions and marketing channel, revenue and marketing patterns of Vanda' doi/glas 'farming' beiwee'n . members and non-mem'bers of Gapoktan Bersatu Rawakalong Village, District Gunung Sindur, Bogor Regency. The results of the analysis of revenue, RIC ratio on cash costs and total costs and BEP shows that Vanda douglas farming of gapoktan non members are more profitable than Vanda douglas farming of gapoktan members. Vanda douglas farming of gapoktan non members scale II are more profitable than other's. Results of the analysis on the marketing pattern showed that Vanda douglas marketing channel III of gapoktan non members (farmers to wholesalers to consumen) is the most efficient marketing channel because it has the lowest marketing margin and the highest farmer's share value. In order to obtain the most efficient Vanda douglas marketing then the channel III of gapoktan non members advised to apply.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor Agricultural University, farmer's share., marketing margins, channel marketing, break-even point (BEP), the RIC ratio, farm income, Vanda douglas

Judul: Solusi Geometri Schwarzschild untuk Dimensi 4+1 dengan Invarian Rotasi Isotropik.
Abstrak: Metrik Schwarzschild merupakan solusi eksak pertama dari persamaan medan Einstein dengan mangasumsikan metrik statik dan simetris. Metrik Schwarzschild yang ditemukan oleh Karl Schwarzschild masih dalam dimensi 3+1, namun seiring dengan teori-teori terbaru yang menunjukkan bahwa alam semesta tidak hanya di dimensi 3+1. Maka melalui penambahan dimensi, tujuan penelitian ini memperoleh solusi pada geometri Schwarzschild untuk dimensi 4+1 dengan memodifikasi koordinat bola yang invarian rotasi isotropik dan melalui penurunan rumus seperti koordinat bola, simbol Christoffel, dan tensor Ricci. Selain mendapatkan solusi ini, metrik Schwarzschild dimensi 4+1 dapat digunakan sebagai metrik dasar untuk memperoleh solusi blackhole dan wormhole pada dimensi 4+1. Hasil akhirnya, dengan memanfaatkan modifikasi koordinat bola, metrik Schwarzschild dapat dibentuk sehingga diperoleh solusi geometri Schwarzschild untuk dimensi 4+1.
Keyword: metrik Schwarzschild, persamaan medan Einstein, modifikasi koordinat bola, penambahan dimensi, invarian rotasi isotropik