Judul: Model Estimation of Mixture-Mixture Design using Split Plot
Abstrak: Mixture-mixture design with a split plot was proposed for simultaneously two mixture systems. The complete model was formed by multiplying cubic models for two systems. The design was applied to the simultaneous optimizations of both mobile phase chromatographic mixtures and extraction mixture for the Phyllanthus niruri L. In this experiment used split plot approach. Saturated model coefficients were hypothesized with confident interval 99%. Reduction model consisted of real coefficients in complete coefficient models. Estimation method of reduction model coefficients consisted of Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and Generalized Least Square (GLS). Models were formed to count sum peaks chromatographic at 225, 254, and 260 nm. RMSEP values in OLS method at wavelength 225, 254, and 260 nm were produced 4.122, 3.049, and 2.56, otherwise RMSEP values in GLS method were 3.99, 2.79, and 3.18. There are component indicators in wavelength greater and more complex. The GLS method was better than OLS method based on simulation error of variance ratio 0.2 up to 0.3.
Keyword: 

Judul: Pengoptimuman dan Validasi Sidik Jari Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi Ekstrak Phyllanthus niruri L.
Abstrak: Split-plot mixture-mixture design has been applied for optimization of Phyllanthus niruri L. chromatographic fingerprint. The design applied for unreplicated and simultaneous optimization of extraction mixture and chromatographic mobile phase mixture. The whole-plot was extraction solvent contained varying proportion of methanol, ethyl acetate and dichloromethane in a simplex-centroid with axial design. The sub-plot was reversed phase chromatographic mobile phase in simplex-centroid design contained varying proportion of methanol, acetonitrile and acetonitrile:water (55:45 v/v). Each extract analyzed with seven mobile phase and monitored at 210, 225 and 254 nm. Ratio whole plot error to subplot error smaller than 0,4 (/ < 0,4). Correlation between extraction solvent, chromatographic mobile phase and number of peak analyzed statistically by Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. The root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) at 210, 225 and 254 nm respectively were 1,86341 and 4,00759; 2,22201 and 5,28394; 1,54367 and 2,26063. Optimum codition obtained when ethyl acetate extract eluted by acetonitrile:water (55:45 v/v) and monitored at 254 nm. Validation of optimum condition performed for precision and extract stability test parameter. Precision of retention time at optimum condition was excellent, percent relative standard deviation (%RSD) were 0,0698 % - 0,3006 %. Extract stability test examined after 2,5 and 5 hours storage at 25 °C with protection from light, peak area of each extract component changed in different level during the storage.
Keyword: 

Judul: Fasciloliasis Pada Hewan Ternak Di Indonesia
Abstrak: Fascioliasis adalah salah satu penyakit hewan yang sangat merugikan yang disebabkan infeksi cacing hati (Fasciola sp.). Cacing hati termasuk kelas Trematoda dari famili Fasciolidae, bentuknya pipih seperti daun de- ngan ukuran bervariasi. Cacing ini termasuk hewan hermoprodit dimana alat kelamin jantan dan betina berada dalam satu tubuh. Di Indonesia hanya ditemukan satu spesies cacing hati yang menyerang hewan ternak yaitu Fasciola gigantica (Mukhlis, 1984 komunikasi pribadi). Siklus hidup cacing hati memerlukan siput sebagai induk semang antaranya. Di Indonesia siput ini ialah Lymnaea rubiginosa. Menurut Hall (1977) cacing hati yang sudah dewasa di dalam pembuluh empedu induk semang utama akan bertelur, tiap ekor cacing dapat menghasilkan 3000-3500 telur/hari. Fascioliasis dapat bersifat akut atau kronis tergan tung faktor umur, jumlah cacing yang menginfeksi dan jenis hewan ternak. Pada domba penyakit ini lebih sering bersifat akut, sedang pada sapi biasanya bersifat kronis. Pada keadaan akut biasanya hewan penderita tiba-tiba mati tanpa menimbulkan gejala klinis, bila ada gejalanya terlihat hanya sebentar. Gejala klinis pada bentuk akut yaitu lemah, nafsu makan berkurang, mudah lelah bila ber jalan dan sikapnya berbaring dengan bagian dada serta hidung kena ke tanah (Taylor, 1964). ...
Keyword: