Judul: :Karaginan Sebagai Bahan Dasar Pembuatan Film Edibel dengan Tepung Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea batatas)
Abstrak: Edible film is an environmental friendly packaging derived from biopolymer. The film is edible or could be easily degraded as it disposed to environment. In this study the film was composed of carrageenan, glycerol, cellulose, and some compositions of sweet potatoes flour. The best film properties produced was tat containing 5% flour. The film was transparent and flexible. Thermal analysis showed that the film was degraded endothermically at 36.27 μV and exothermicaly at 25.96 μV, 39.02 μV, and 75.65 μV. Repeatedly exothermic peaks were due to inhomogeneous solution during preparation. Infrared analysis proved no chemical interaction occured during film formation, could be due to physically interaction. The infrared spectra similar patterns for all compositions of the film.
Keyword: water permeability., tensile strength, carrageenan, edible film

Judul: Edible Film dari Perpaduan Karaginan, Selulosa Bakteri, dan Nanokarbon dengan Penaut Silang Asam Sitrat
Abstrak: Edible film is a film made of food grade materials. The film has mechanical properties and can act as a barrier so that it can prolong the shelf life of food products. Carrageenan is a base material of film derived from seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii). Addition of glycerol, bacterial cellulose, nanocarbons, and citric acid were used as compatibilizers to improve the mechanical properties of the carrageenan film. The optimum composition of edible film composed of glycerol, bacterial cellulose, nanocarbon 1.5%, and citric acid 10% increased tensile strength up to 160% and decrease of water vapor permeability up to 42% as compared to the carrageenan film. Tensile strength and water vapor permeability values met the standard for edible film as food packaging. The result of infrared spectrum showed the formation of the new functional groups on 1717 cm-1 that caused by the addition of citric acid crosslinker. Luminescence of nanocarbon can be detected using ultraviolet light at wavelength of 366 nm with the presence of blue color
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), water vapor permeability, nanocarbon, mechanical properties, citric acid crosslinker, carrageenan

Judul: Dog Ticks Infestation and Its Correlation to Tick-Borne Diseases.
Abstrak: Ticks infestation on dog could lead to itchiness, anemia, skin disorders, and tick-borne diseases, such as Ehrlichiosis, Babesiosis, Anaplasmosis and Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. Besides dogs, Ehrlichiosis were known to be zoonotic. Pre-mature stage tick life cycle that occur outside its host, will enhance contacts between ticks and human. The study of ticks infestation and tick-borne diseases on the dog is necessary, because it has not a lot of information about the diversity, prevalence and degree of ticks infestation in Indonesia. Ticks survey, included ticks sampling and dogs blood test were performed at Animal Police Directorate Security Agency (Baharkam) and Atang Sendjaja Air Force (ATS). Meanwhile ticks sampling also data of cases of ticks infestation and diseases transmitted obtained from 21 veterinary clinics in Bogor, Jakarta and Bandung. All ticks samples stored in bottles containing 70% alcohol for identification. Blood tests performed for Ehrlichiosis, Babesiosis and Anaplasmosis diagnosis. The identification results of the 950 ticks samples that obtained from 97 dogs of Baharkam, ATS and veterinary clinics in Bogor, Jakarta and Bandung, showed only one ticks species, Rhipicephalus sanguineus. This ticks belong to three-host tick, which require three hosts to complete its life cycle. Each ticks stage need a host, either same dog (if it is in place there is only one or a few dogs), as well as different dogs. Research in Baharkam conducted on 81 dogs (53 males and 28 females). The prevalence of dogs infested by ticks was 67.90%. The percentage of male dogs that infested by ticks are larger (69.81%) than female (64.29%). Based on Chi-Square test, there was no relationship between sex and breed of dog with degree of ticks infestation. Generally dogs infested with mild infestation category (41.98%), meanwhile moderate category was 18.52%, 2.47% high and 4.94% very high. The dog’s body region that the most infested by R. sanguineus was dog's back. Probably these body regions were be preferred because they are less accessible for the dog to remove them with its paws. Collection of ticks with tick-drag on Baharkam grass field showed positive results on the field that was more often used to practice by dogs. The samples that obtained was larvae stage ticks with density 152 larvae on 215m2 area of the field. Adult stage ticks and several adult females which laying eggs on the cage wall were obtained in the dog kennels. Whole of male and female ATS dogs infested with ticks (14 dogs). In general, dogs infested with very high infestation category was 64.29%, compared by high degree category (21.43%) and moderate (14.29%). Ticks predilection were found mostly on the dog’s head – neck. On ATS grass field did not reveal any ticks, but positively inside the kennels. It happens probably because dogs are rarely released from the kennel, so that the ticks was did drop-off inside the kennel. The total cases of ticks infestation of dogs at Bogor, Jakarta and Bandung veterinary clinics in 2008 until June 2013 as many as 731 cases. In general, there was an increases of the ticks infestation prevalence at three cities in that range
Keyword: Anaplasma, Babesia, Ehrlichia canis, Rhipicephalus sanguineus