Judul: Inflasi dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi: Pendugaan Ambang Batas Inflasi di Indonesia.
Abstrak: High inflation is regarded as a problems in the economy. Indonesia experienced economic collapse as a result of failing to control inflation volatility. This is used as a reason for the current authorities to implement low-inflation policy. The economist argues that low-inflation can promote economic growth faster. In fact, low-inflation policy is not favorable because it interferes the business investment climate. On the other hand the pattern of the inflation and economic growth data in Indonesia is also inconsistent (indicating a positive relationship, negative and neutral). The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of inflation on economic growth, as well as to search inflation threshold in Indonesia in the period 1970- 2012. Using multiple linear regression, this study shows that inflation negatively impacts on economic growth. Inflation threshold identification by Khan and Senhadji model (2001) stated that inflation threshold in Indonesia is 7.11%. While according to Hansen model (1997, 2000), inflation threshold in Indonesia is 9.53%. Based on some model selection criterias, the inflation threshold implied by Hansen model is more apropriate. Inflation has a positive effect on economic growth if the value is less than the thresholds and negative when it exceeds the thresholds. This result supports Chowdhury and Ham (2009) finding who stated that inflation threshold in Indonesia is between 8.5 per cent and 11 per cent. The two studies imply that the central bank should only pursue active policy measures when inflation is above the threshold. Thus, ITF cannot be generalized to all levels of inflation.
Keyword: economic growth, inflation, threshold

Judul: Dinamika inflasi Indonesia pada tataran provinsi
Abstrak: Indonesia never experience any annual deflation for more than forty years. After being strucked by the 1998 economic crisis, Indonesia introduced two fundamentals policies, those are the exchange rate rearrangement in 1999 and the decentralization policy in 2001. Following the implementation of those policies, there are some changes of policy or non-policy variables that would be responded by various level of inflation among regions in Indonesia. This research aim to examine the policy and non-policy variables affecting Indonesian inflation dynamics at provincial level. After utilizing the method of dynamic panel data with spatial and non-spatial approaches, this research found that during the period of 2000-2009, inflation dynamics are likely affected by non-policy variables, such as inflation inertia, exchange rate volatility, and the simultaneous changes of infrastructure conditions and trade openness. Some policy variables such as salary adjustment of government employee, adjustment of domestic oil price and interest rate adjustment are also affecting the inflation dynamics. It is suggest that central bank together with government develop system to support inflation-forecast targeting. In order to decrease exchange rate pass through, government can propose import substitution, nationality suasion to use domestic product and the obligation for proposing a new establishment’s permission to use a local base or domestic material in the most. It is also suggest that central government sets the domestic oil prices adjustment periodically to minimize bad impact of unanticipated expectation of the policy, beside that, salary adjustment of government employee must be set carefully to avoid higher inflation expectation. Further more, in the way of interest rate adjustment and targeting inflation, central bank should construct an accurately forecast to raise their credibility. Last, central and local government must concern about the improvement of the infrastructure condition and simplification of regulation which related to business environment.
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Judul: Light Microscope Study of ConnectiveTissue in The Spleen of Common Rousette Bat (Rousettus amplexicaudatus)
Abstrak: The spleen is the largest lymphoid organ. As a secondary lymphoid organ, in addition to its immune function, the spleen also has functions as blood filtration, storage, and hematopoiesis. The spleen has different morphologies between species that support different physiological functions, one of which is the difference in the structure of the capsule and trabeculae. Capsule and trabeculae of the spleen generally consist of connective tissue and smooth muscle. The thickness of smooth muscle composed together with connective tissue in the capsule and trabecula determines the function of the spleen that is divided spleen into three storage, defense, and intermediate. Bats are the reservoir of various zoonotic diseases. Bats are thought to have unique immune systems compared to other mammals but the characteristics of its immune organs such as the spleen have never been studied before. This study was conducted to examine the characteristics of capsulae and trabecula of the Common Rousette (Rousettus amplexicaudatus).
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