Judul: Pengaruh Ekstrak Biji Bligo (Benincasa hispida Thunb Cogn) terhadap Penghambatan Efek Toksik Tartrazin dan Rhodamin pada Aktivitas Proliferasi Limfosit Tikus
Abstrak: Bligo (Benincasa hispida Thunb Cogn) is one of medical plants that would be useful as medicine for some diseases. Previous study of bligo showed that bligo extract has the ability to cure ulcer in rats and should no toxicity in rat serum analysis. This effect is estimated to be due to some bioactive compounds, like fenolic, terpene, flavonoid c-glycoside and sterols that have antioxidant effect. This bioactive compound were asumed to be able to increase lymphocyte cell proliferation activity. This research purpose is to get the scientific data and to know the effect of consuming bligo seed extract in rat growth and on spleen lymphocyte cell proliferation activity. Three groups of rats, including control or 0 g/kg bw of bligo seed extract, 0.1 g/kg bw bligo seed extract, and 1 g/kg bw bligo seed extract. After 90 day treatment, splenocytes of rats were cultured in the presence of LPS 12.5 μg/ml culture, tartrazine 90 μg/ml, 180 μg/ml, 270 μg/ml culture, or rhodamine 6 μg/ml, 12 μg/ml, 18 μg/ml culture. After 72 hours of incubation, spleen lymphocyte cell proliferation activity was measured by MTT method. Results of this research showed that 0.1 g/kg bw bligo seed extract has increased proliferation activity by 14.30% on treatment with LPS, -0.09% on tartrazine 90 μg/ml culture, 11.42% on tartrazine 180 μg/ml culture, 21.92% on tartrazine 270 μg/ml culture, meanwhile, lymphocyte cultured with rhodamine 6 μg/ml culture, rhodamin 12 μg/ml culture, and rhodamin 18 μg/ml culture, has increased proliferation activity of 25.22%, 7.42%, and 12.19% respectively, compare to that of lymphocyte cultured with media alone. And 1 g/kg bw bligo seed extract can increase proliferation activity by 12.30% on LPS, 24.38% on tartrazine 90 μg/ml, 11.54% on tartrazine 180 μg/ml, 52.74% on tartrazine 270 μg/ml, -4.03% on rhodamine 6 μg/ml, -15.04% on rhodamin 12 μg/ml, and -17.66% on rhodamin 18 μg/ml, compare to that of control culture. Bligo seed extract can prevent toxic effect of tartrazine and rhodamine. The effective result was from rats that gavaged with 0.1 g/kg bw bligo seed extract. The conclusion of this research is bligo is good for health.
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Judul: Efek senyawa antioksidan biological response modifier (BRM tm) terhadap kadar lipid peroksida hati tikus
Abstrak: BRMTM adalah senyawa antioksidan yang terbuat dari ramuan tradisional Cina yang memiliki kandungan akar Salviae miltiorrhizae Bunge atau Dan Shen, Fructus lycii, akar Codonopsis pilosula atau Dang Shen, dan ganggang laut. Fungsinya untuk menguatkan fungsi kekebalan tubuh, zat antikanker, mencegah penuaan, serta menurunkan kadar lipid darah. Hingga saat ini belum ada publikasi mengenai efek BRMTM sebagai senyawa antioksidan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji secara ilmiah pengaruh senyawa antioksidan BRMTM terhadap kadar lipid peroksida dalam hati tikus yang hiperglikemia dan hiperkolesterolemia. Kadar lipid peroksida hati diukur dengan metode asam tiobarbiturat (TBA) yang mengukur adanya malondialdehida (MDA) sebagai produknya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terlihatnya efek BRMT™ terhadap kadar lipid peroksida hati kelompok pengobatan BRM™ dibandingkan dengan kelompok tanpa BRMTM. Tidak dijumpai juga efek streptozotocin (STZ) terhadap kadar lipid peroksida hati kelompok tanpa BRM™ dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Efek BRM™ terhadap kadar kolesterol kelompok pengobatan BRMTM (p=0,013) dan pencegahan BRM™ (p=0,032) baru terlihat setelah pemberian BRM™ dilakukan selama delapan minggu penuh. Efek pemberian propil tiourasil (PTU) dan lemak kambing terhadap peningkatan kadar kolesterol kelompok tanpa BRM™ bila dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol baru terlihat setelah 19 minggu (p=0,013). Hal ini berarti telah terjadi hiperkolesterolemia ringan. Tidak dijumpai efek BRM™ terhadap bobot badan (BB) kelompok pengobatan BRMTM dan kelompok pencegahan BRM™ dibandingkan dengan kelompok tanpa BRMTM. Namun dijumpai efek STZ pada penurunan BB kelompok tanpa BRM™ dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (p=0,000) pada minggu ke-19. Peningkatan glukosa darah pada proses hiperglikemia akibat STZ dengan dosis 10 mg/mL (37 mg/kg BB) mencapai nilai maksimum berturut-turut sebesar 88,3%, 51,1%, dan 62,7% pada kelompok tanpa BRMTM di minggu ke-16, kelompok pencegahan BRMTM di minggu ke-4, dan kelompok pengobatan BRMTM di minggu ke-16 pemberian STZ tersebut. Pemberian STZ dengan dosis 10 mg/mL (37 mg/kg BB) ternyata dapat menyebabkan hiperglikemia pada tikus percobaan.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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