Judul: Energy and nutrient requirements of indonesia race-horses and it application in feed rations formulation based on local feed
Abstrak: This study was conducted to obtain standardization of energy and nutrient needs racehorses in Indonesia. The objective of this study was to assess the needs of feed, energy and nutrient feed through the relationship between feed intake based on metabolic weight trainer methods, methods of estimating need through the cafeteria and the digestibility of feed by weight metabolic workload and to base the rations formulation of racehorses of Indonesia racehorses. The main activity of the study include: 1). Analysis of feed requirements according to the method of trainers, conducted observation location during training with the model equation: Y = a+ bx. 2). Method of determination of the need based on the cafeteria. 3). Determination of energy (DE) and nutrient requirements of racehorse Indonesia based on consumption, weight and metabolic workload, model equation: Consumption (K) = a + bP W0.75. 4). The trial of local feed formulation compared with imported feed, the experiment was conducted on 14 horses racing with the distance of 800 to 1600 m. Consumption of dry matter, energy and nutrient feed were influenced by metabolic weight during exercise programs for racing preparation, by the equation Y = 2,927 + 0,105x for the consumption of dry matter, Y = 11,34 + 0,41x for energy consumption, Y = 0,618 + 0,022x for crude protein, Y = 0,272 + 0,009x for crude fiber, Y = 0,111 + 0,004x for fat; Y = 0,030 + 0,001x for calcium; Y = 0,002 + 0,0006x for phosphorus and Y = 1,876 + 0,067x for BETN. The results obtained by the method cafeteria average consumption is 12,23 kg dry matter, energy consumption of 3,747 Mcal/kg; 1,317 kg of (CP); fat 0,501 kg; 2,241 kg of crude fiber; Ca 0,03 kg; P 0,06 kg. The test results level by level preferences (palatability) of the seven types of feed were corn, grass, grain, bran, soybean and cafeterias was given of green beans. The results based on the needs of digested energy the average of consumption of dry matter (kg.day -1) obtained was Y = 7,989 + 4,95x; needs of DE (MCal day -1) =17,91+ 10,88x; needs of digested protein Y = 1,581+0,971x; crude fiber Y = 0,951+0,607x; needs fats (kg.hari-1) = 0,287+0,176x; needs calcium (kg.hari-1) = 0,080+0,049x; needs phosphorus (kg. day-1) = 0,043+0,027x; needs BETN (kg.hari-1) = 5,040+3,118x. The results of research to see the potential of local feed compared with feed imports made through a test match between racehorse fed and feed local. From these results it can be concluded that: 1). The results of this trainer method of analysis can be concluded that the consumtion of dry matter, energy and nutrien feed is infuenced by metabolic weight during an ecercise program for the preparation raced racehorse. 2). These observations cafeteria method, it can be concluded that the highest feed consumption is corn 38,01% of the total consumption of dry feed (12,23 kg), with 30,64 mkal ME consumption / kg, 10,77% crude protein; crude fiber 18,33%; fat 4,10%; 0,3% Ca, and P 0,48%. 3). From the results of this study can be concluded that, the need for
Keyword: Race-Horses, trainers method, nutrient requirements, cafeteria method, metabolic weight

Judul: Mempelajari Kebutuhan Zat Makanan dan Tata Laksana Pemberian Pakan Kuda (Equus caballus ) Pada Setiap Kondisi Fisiologis di Pamulang Equestrian Centre
Abstrak: Kebutuhan zat makanan dan tata laksana pemberian pakan pada ternak kuda adalah faktor yang mempengaruhi peforma kuda. Tingkat efisiensi pakan ternak kuda dipengaruhi oleh formula dan pemilihan bahan pakan dalam ransum kuda. Penelitian ini mengamati tentang kecukupan protein kasar dan energi tercerna dari pakan terhadap kebutuhan ternak akan protein kasar dan energi tercerna pada setiap kondisi fisiologis. Dengan asumsi kebutuhan zat makanan ternak kuda adalah hasil rujukan dari tabel NRC (1989) lalu dibandingkan dengan penerapan di kalangan peternak maka akan didapat suatu inovasi baru dalam hal formulasi ransum kuda agar menjadi lebih baik. Zat makanan yang sudah memenuhi kebutuhan ternak harus didukung dengan cara pemberian pakan yang tepat kepada ternak sehingga respon positif yang diharapkan dapat tercapai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tata laksana pemberian pakan ternak kuda pada setiap kondisi fisiologis yang berbeda dan kualitas zat makanan pakan yang diberikan di Pamulang Equestrian Centre. Pelaksanaan pengamatan di Pamulang Equestrian Centre yang ada di daerah Pamulang Barat milik Ny. Oetari Suhardjono mulai tanggal 1 hingga 28 Februari 2010. Jumlah populasi total kuda ada 60 ekor akan tetapi pengamatan hanya dilakukan pada 54 ekor kuda jenis Thoroughbred dan silangannya. Data lingkar dada kuda dan panjang badan kuda digunakan untuk menduga bobot badan kuda (LD2 x PB / 8717). Kesesuaian jumlah pakan yang diberikan akan dievaluasi berdasarkan standar dari NRC (1989). Zat makanan yang dianalisa di laboratorium yaitu kadar air dan protein kasar. Data energi tercerna menggunakan rujukan data dari label kemasan konsentrat dan data bahan pakan NRC (1989).
Keyword: horse feed, crude protein adequacy, digestible energy, physiological condition, horse body weight, feed amount suitability

Judul: Invers Drazin dari Matriks Toeplitz Singular
Abstrak: Matriks Toeplitz adalah matriks yang setiap unsur pada diagonal utama bernilai sama dan setiap unsur pada subdiagonal yang bersesuaian dengan diagonal utama juga bernilai sama. Matriks singular adalah matriks yang tidak bisa ditentukan inversnya. Akan tetapi, dapat diupayakan untuk ditentukan inversnya menggunakan invers matriks yang diperumum. Invers Drazin merupakan salah satu jenis invers matriks yang diperumum. Pada karya ilmiah ini ditentukan invers Drazin dari matriks Toeplitz singular dengan menggunakan metode Leverrier Faddeev. Kemudian, ditentukan invers Drazin dari matriks Toeplitz singular yang direpresentasikan sebagai penjumlahan segitiga bawah dan segitiga atas matriks Toeplitz berdasar pada teorema Gohberg dan Semencul., Toeplitz matrix is a matrix in with element on the main diagonal has the same value and on the subdiagonal corresponding to the main diagonal also has the same value. Singular matrix is a matrix that has no inverse. However, it can be attempted to determine the inverse using a generalized inverse matrix. Inverse Drazin is a type of generalized matrix inverse. This paper discussed the inverse Drazin for a singular Toeplitz matrix using the Leverrier Faddeev method. Then, the Drazin inverse of the singular Toeplitz matrix which is represented as a sum of products of lower and upper triangular Toeplitz matrix based on Gohberg and Semencul theorem.
Keyword: inverse Drazine, singular Toeplitz matrix