Judul: Serangga parasitoid pada pupa Troides helena Linnaeus dan Papilio aristolochiae Linnaeus (Lepidoptera : Papilionidae) dari penangkaran kupu Cicurug, Sukabumi
Abstrak: Untuk mendapatkan parasitoid, pupa kupu raja Troides helena dan kupu ekor panjang Papilio aristolochiae telah dikoleksi dari penangkaran kupu Cicurug, Sukabumi dari bulan April sampai November 2001. Pupa-pupa tersebut di pelihara clalam botol pemeliharaan sampai keluar parasitoid. Tiga jenis parasitoid telah dipertelakan dalam 3 famili, yaitu Brachymeria /asus (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae), Xanthopimpla sp. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), dan Megaselia sp. (Diptera: Phoridae). B. /asus dan Xanthopimpla sp. memarasit P. aristolochiae sedangkan Megaselia sp. memarasit Troides helena. Dokumentasi dilakukan pada tiap jenis parasitoid meliputi jwnlah individu parasitoid yang keluar dari inang tunggal, persentase inang terparasit, dan kondisi pupa yang terparasit., To breed parasitoids, pupae of the common birdwings froides helena and common rose Papilio aristolochiae were regularly sampled from April to November 2001 from Cicurug butterfly farms, Sukabumi Those pupae were reared in rearing bottle until the parasitoids emerged. Three parasitoids were recorded belonging to three families, i.e. Brachymeria lasus (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae), Xanthopimpla sp. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), and Megaselia sp. (Diptera: Phoridae). B. lasus dan Xanthopimpia sp. parasitized on P. aristolochiae, whereas Megaselia sp. parasitized on Troides helena. Illustration were presented for each parasitoid spesies, including the number of individual parasitoids which emerged from single host, the percentage of the parasitized hosts, and the condition of the parasitized pupae.
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Judul: Biologi Troides helena helena dan Troides helena hephaestus (Papilionidae) di Penangkaran
Abstrak: Troides helena is one of butterflies favored by collectors due to its large size and beautiful color of its wings. T. helena of Indonesia is protected by laws and recorded in Appendix II CITES. The trade has to be drawn from domestication sites. T. h. helena and T. h. hephaestus are subspecies of T. helena restrictedly distributed in Indonesia. The domestication has to be socialized for conservation of T. helena in Indonesia. The research were aimed to study domestication technique and biology of T. h. helena and T. h. hephaestus. Pupae of T. h. helena were obtained from Cilember (West Java) and T.h. hephaestus were from Bantimurung (South Sulawesi). Both larvae were fed by Aristolochia tagala leaves. Egg, larvae, and pupae were treated at the laboratory and imago were treated in the domestication dome of IPB. Results indicated that domestication was run well. A life cycle of T. h. helena from egg to imago was about 70 days, while T. h. hephaestus was 64 days. Lowest survival of T. h. helena occured at the egg stage, on the other hand, in T. h. hephaestus occured at the stages of pupae and imago. Sex ratio of male to female was 2:3 for T. h. helena and 5:6 for T. h. hephaestus. In average, egg production of T. h. helena and T. h. hephaestus was 100 eggs. Predators (house lizard, lizard, and spider) were one of the limiting factor for butterfly development.
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Judul: Membran Komposit Kitosan-Zeolit untuk Aplikasi Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
Abstrak: Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is a fuel cell that utilize methanol as the fuel source. The electrolyte membrane used in the DMFC system in this research was chitosan-zeolite composite membrane. The composite membrane was synthesized with chitosan-zeolite composition variation of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 2:1. The membranes were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope, and for the specific gravity. Membrane performances were tested with methanol uptake, methanol permeability, conductivity, and potential difference in the DMFC system. The FTIR spectrum showed no formation of new functional groups inducating that the composite membrane was a result of physical mixing. Morphological analysis showed that the membrane was nonporous. Chitosan-zeolite 1:3 composite membrane had the highest specific gravity and methanol uptake, 1.4226 g/mL and 41.44%, respectively. The highest proton conductivity was showed by the 1:2 chitosanzeolite composite membrane, namely 7.2946× 10-7 S/cm. Based on this research results, chitosan-zeolite composite membrane can be applied in DMFC system.
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