Judul: Pembuatan Biofilm Berbahan Dasar Polisakarida dari Karaginan dan Tepung Tapioka
Abstrak: Carrageenan is a hydrocolloid extracted from Eucheuma cottonii seaweed which is a polysaccharide. Carrageenan with tapioca flour and glycerol can produce biofilm. Biofilm is an environmentally friendly material potencial as a food packaging material. The aims of this research ware to produce a biofilm from carrageenan and tapioca flour and to assess the tensile strength and elongation values as well as the water vapor permeability property. The concentration of flour added were 1, 2.5, 5, and 10% (w/v). Film with 10% concentration of flour had the highest tensile strength and elongation values compared with the other films, which were 1024 MPa and 38.4%. The lowest water vapor permeability was showed by film with 1% concentration of flour that was (ng m/ s m2 Pa). The presence of carrageenan in this film was showed by the infrared absorption in 925.83 cm-1 wavenumber which is characteristic of 3,6-anhydro-D-galactose functional group in carrageenan
Keyword: carrageenan, cassava flour, water vapor permeability

Judul: Biofilm Berbahan Dasar Polisakarida dari Karaginan dan Tepung Kacang Hijau
Abstrak: Biofilm is a film made of biopolymer materials, such as polysaccharide, protein, and fat so it can be more biodegradable. The aim of this research was to produce a film from carrageenan and mungbean flour and assess the film permeability properties to water vapor. The film was made of seaweed extract, called carrageenan, mungbean flour, and glycerol addition. The composition of flour was based on percent of w/v, i.e. 1%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10%. The presence of carrageenan in this film was showed by fourier transform infra-red in wave number 1230.58 cm-1 which is the characteristic of functional group in carrageenan, namely sulfate esters. The film with flour composition 2.5% had the highest tensile strength value as compared to other films, that is 531.19 MPa. The best water vapor permeability property to film was in film with flour concentration of 2.5% was 13.01 ngm/m2sPa. However, based on the thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis curve, the films were less homogeneous.
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Judul: Pengukuran Jantung Kelinci New Zealand White (Oryctolagus cuniculus) dengan Radiografi Toraks
Abstrak: This research was conducted to evaluate radiographs heart size of anaesthetized New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) under different combination of ketamine and xylazine. The rabbits were divided into three groups. Group A were anaesthetized using a 35 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg combination of ketamine and xylazine (n=5). Group B were anaesthetized using a 40 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg combination of ketamine and xylazine (n=3) while group C were anaesthetized using 45 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg combination of ketamine and xylazine (n=3). Parameter of observation from left laterolateral view were: 1) the apicobasilar length of the heart (AB), 2) the width of the heart (CD), 3) the distance between the cranial edge of the fifth rib and the caudal edge of the seventh rib perpendicular to the spine (R5-7), and 4) the vertical depth of the toraks (H). Parameter of observation from dorsoventral view were: 1) the length of the heart (L), 2) the width of the heart (W), and 3) the width of the thorax (T). The result from the heart parameters observation that were measured in left laterolateral view and dorsoventral view shows theres no significantly differ among the groups (P > 0.05). The vertebrae heart size (VHS) values obtained from the sum of the length of the long and the short axes on left laterolateral view. The long axes mean values (A) were 4.35±0.26 v and the short axes mean values (B) were 3.59±0.30 v, therefore VHS mean values were 7.94±0.49 v. On the dorsoventral view, the length of the heart mean values (L) were 4.32±0.29 cm, the width of the heart mean values (W) were 3.33±0.26 cm, and the width of the thorax mean values (T) were 5.85±0.30 cm. In normal conditions, the width of the heart should be less than two-thirds the width of the thorax and values obtained of 3.33<3.72 it shows that the heart is in the normal range. The best ratio to calculated the normal heart dimension in the left laterolateral view was compared the long axes with the vertical depth of the thorax, whereas in dorsoventral view, the length of the heart was compared with the width of the heart.
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