Judul: Pengaruh infusum daun Alpukat dalam menghambat pembentukan kristal pada ginjal tikus
Abstrak: The objective of this research is to explore the influence of infusum of avocado leaves by the inhibition activity of crystallization formation in the rat kidneys. Twenty heads of white male rats with body weight average of 200-250 grams were used in this research. The animals were divided into four groups, A,B,C dan D, five animals each, respectively. Group A as control received drinking water ad libitum, group B as positive control received ethylene glycol solution, group C received ethylene glycol and 5% of infusum avocado leaves and group D received ethylene glycol and 10% of infusum avocado leaves. Blood sample were aspirated intracadially for kidney function test and kidney slides for histopathologic examination. The results show that the ethylene glycol reduce glomeruler filtration rate and alters the morphologic structure of renal glomeruli and tubules. The crystal formation is formed after ethylene glycol drenching and fragmented/polarized after administration of infusum avocado leaves. The formation and polarization process of crystallization will be discussed in details.
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Judul: Studi Histopatologi Ginjal Tikus yang Diinduksi Etilen Glikol: Pengaruh Infusum Daun Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.)
Abstrak: The objective of this research was to study the histopathological lesions of rat kidneys induced by ethylene glycol and treated by avocado leaves infusum. This research is continuation of Adha’s experiment (2009) with the experimental design as follows: twenty male rats were divided into four groups, namely the control negative (KN) were received just drinking water ad libitum, the positive control (KP) were induced by 0.75% ethylen glycol and 2% ammonium chloride (inducer), the treatment group I (IF5) were induced and treated by 5% avocado leaves infusum at a dose of 3 ml/200 g BW,and the treatment group II (IF 10) were induced and treated by 10% avocado leaves infusum (3 ml/200 g BW). Treatment was given for 10 days, at day-11 rats were euthanasid, and kidney organs were taken for histopathological study and stained with Hematoxylin- Eosin. The histopatological study showed glomerular edema; hyaline droplet, deposition of protein and tubular necrosis. Percentage of glomerular edema of all treatment groups were not significantly different (p>0.05) compared with negative control group, while the percentage of tubular necrosis of positive control group was significantly different (p<0.05) compared with negative control group. Treatment with avocado leaves infusum can reduce the percentage of necrotic tubulus whereas doses of infusum tend to decrease precentage in protein deposition, hyaline droplet and tubular necrosis. Percentage decrease in tubular damage caused by the avocado leaves flavonoid activity as diureticum and antioxidants.
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Judul: "Kegiatan perancangan lanskap apartemen, hotel dan pemukiman di Ong & Ong architecs, Singapura"
Abstrak: Negara Singapura merupakan pusat kegiatan ekonomi kawasan regional Asia Tenggara. Karya arsitektur bangunan, lanskap dan sistem manajemen tata kotiingapura yang dihasilkan selama ini telah diakui oleh dunia internasional. Faktor eksistensi tersebut menstimulasi pendirian dan pengembangan konsultan- konsilan arsitektur swasta lokal dan multinasional di Singapura dengan ruang lingup kerja berskala internasional. Ong & Ong Architects (COA) adalah salah satu konsultan swasta di Singapura yang berdiri sejak tahun 1972 dan bergerak di bidang arsitektur bangunan, dekorasi interior dan arsitektur lanskap. Melalui kegiatan magang di OOA, seluruh proses kegiatan perancangan lanskap yang menghasilkan suatu hasil karya lanskap dengan standar kualitas skala internasional merupakan salah satu kegiatan nyata yang sangat penting untuk dipelajari. Tujuan magang untuk memperluas dan meningkatkan wawasan serta pengalaman keprofesian di bidang arsitektur lanskap. Magang bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan kemampuan profesionalisme, menjalin hubungan dan kerjasama yang baik dengan staf, manajemen OOA serta kaitannya dengan Departemen Arsitektur Lanskap Institut Pertanian Bogor secara makro, Kegiatan magang dilaksanakan mulai dari tanggal 12 Juni 2006 hingga 12 Oktober 2006 berlokasi di Thomson Road, Singapura, pada perusahaan konsultan Swasta Ong & Ong Architects, Divisi Arsitektur Lanskap yang beralamat di 510 Thomson Road 9-11 Floor SLF Building, Singapura. Proses studi dilaksanakan dengan cara magang, melalui kegiatan observasi di lapangan dan partisipasi aktif di studio sebagai trainee. Data diperoleh melalui observasi / survai, wawancara, da di pustaka dan buku, laporan dan sumber pustaka lainnya. Tahapan kegiatan berupa pengenalan lembaga dan manajemen, observasi lapang, pengumpulan data, studi pustaka, dan kegiatan perancangan. Batasan mageng berada pada ruang lingkup struktur internal manajemen kelembagaan, beserta tahapan proses pekerjaan lanskap secara mendetail dalam pekerjaan lanskap Apartemen Cuscaden Walk, Quincy Hotel, dan Mirador Village. Konsultan OOA membuat batasan ruang lingkup bisnis dengan penekanan kepada empat aspek yaitu (1) Analisis, (2) Perancangan, (3) Dokumentasi, (4) Pelayanan. Struktur organisasi OOA berbentuk rantai perintah langsung kepada masing-masing kepala di tiap divisi, dan bergerak seterusnya kebawah. Pelimpahan pekerjaan berada pada struktur tingkat yang sama, sehingga memungkinkan divisi arsitektur bangunan memberikan pekerjaan lanskap kepada divisi arsitektur lanskap dan sebaliknya sesuai dengan bidang pekerjaannya masing-masing. Hal ini bergantung kepada siapa pemegang kontrak dengan klien. Garis besar jabatan pekerjaan dalam perusahaan terdiri atas: (1) Managing director, (2) Project Director, (3) Associate Director. (4) Executive Secretary. (5) Administration Head, (6) Senior Architect, (7) Personal Assistant, (8) Architect, (9) Team Leader (Principal Technical Officer), (10) Draftperson (Technical Officer) (11) Clerical Staff/Administrative Staff. (12) Accounts Executive/Accounts Officer (13) Quality Assurance (QA) Manager (Management Representative), (14) Assistant QA Manager, (15) Auditor, (16) IT Officer, (17) Visualization Team, (18) Corporate Affairs. Ong & Ong Architects mengidentifikasi klien kedalam tiga kelompok yaitu: (1) Pengembang. (2) Kontraktor, (3) Pengisi / konsumen primer. Ong & Ong Architects meraih sertifikasi internasional ISO 9001 dengan pendekatan berupa (1) Kepuasan pelanggan, (2) Peningkatan kinerja, (3) Implementasi teknologi informasi, (4) Implementasi Quality Assurance System...
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