Judul: Keragaman Cendawan Endofit Asal Akar Tananam Kina
Abstrak: Endophytic fungi usually grow intercellularly and intracellularly in the host tissue and generally do not sporulate. Some of endophytic fungi from the bark of cinchona tree (Cinchona pubescens, Rubiaceae) have been reported and been known to produce quinine. Yet, no report found on those root originated from Cinchona. This research was aimed at studying the morphotypes of 27 isolates of endophytic fungi derived from root of cinchona tree, grouped them on the bases of their morphotype, and observed their conidia. The morphotype was determined based on cultural characteristic after 7 days incubation on PDA, MEA, and LCA medium. The cultures which failed to sporulate were induced for sporulation. The endophytic fungi can be divided into 6 morphotype groups. Morphotype 1 consisted of Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium sp. 1, and Fusarium sp. 2. Morphotype 2 consisted of F. oxysporum, F. solani, Fusarium sp. 3, Verticillium sp. 1, and Verticillium sp. 2, while those of morphotype 3 was Curvularia lunata. Morphotype 4 included C. pallescens and Fusarium sp. 4. Phialophora sp. was placed into morphotype 5. One isolate of morphotype 6 did not sporulate.
Keyword: 

Judul: Penapisan dan Identifikasi Senyawa Antijamur Patogen Phellinus lamaoensis dari Jamur Endofit pada Tanaman Obat Asal Cirebon
Abstrak: Endophyte fungal is a fungi that grows in the plant tissue which capable of producing antibiotics compounds. Intended use of these fungi to produce antifungal compounds that can inhibit the growth of fitopatogen cocoa plants Phellinus lamaoensis. The methods used in this study, among others, active screening isolates with testing activities, using the analytical KLT, analytical HPLC purification , and identification of active compounds using LC-MS. Endophytic fungi isolates used in this study comes from the leaf tissue, flowers and medicinal plants stems from Cirebon. On the leaves of plants bandotan ( ageratum conyzoides l. ) found activity endophyte fungal against pathogenic Phellinus lamaoensis in diameter clear zone with three times reprocability, successive 10.52 mm ,10.37 mm, and 9.8 mm. Fungus that has the activity called Penicillium Lagena. The presence of a compound capable of inhibiting the growth of Phellinus lamaoensis characterized by the presence of two peaks on the results of the analysis of HPLC. The first peaks had a retention time at 10.34 min on 231.8-553.2 nm as the optimal wavelength and the second peaks had a retention time of 12.152 min on 229.5-542 nm. The molecular weight of the first compound was estimated to be 206.0547 gram/mol on Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. These compound was predicted as scoparone, citropten, 4-acetoxycinnamic acid.
Keyword: 

Judul: Estimasi nilai pajak emisi kendaraan umum berbahan bakar bensin di Jakarta
Abstrak: Provinsi DKI Jakarta merupakan provinsi dengan tingkat polusi udara tertinggi di Indonesia. Transportasi merupakan penyumbang utama polusi udara di DKI Jakarta, yaitu sebesar 70%. Sumbangan sektor transportasi ini terutama berasal dari kendaraan berbahan bakar bensin, salah satunya adalah kendaraan umum. Pencemaran tersebut menimbulkan kerugian masyarakat, diantaranya kerugian dari segi kesehatan. Guna mengatasi permasalahan yang terjadi, salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan pemerintah ialah dengan menetapkan pajak emisi kendaraan berdasarkan tingkat kerugian kesehatan masyarakat. Mengacu pada hal tersebut, dilakukan sebuah estimasi kerugian masyarakat akibat emisi kendaraan umum berbahan bakar bensin berdasarkan biaya kesehatan yang totalnya mencapai Rp 4.053.041.102.763,- per tahun. Dari biaya kesehatan tersebut selanjutnya dapat dihitung perkiraan tarif pajak emisi untuk kendaraan umum yang terdiri dari kendaraan angkot sebesar Rp 3.769.733,- per kendaraan per tahun dan taksi sebesar Rp 3.770.528,- per kendaraan per tahun. Mayoritas responden masyarakat DKI Jakarta menyatakan sangat setuju bahwasanya peningkatan jumlah kendaraan umum dapat memperparah kondisi udara yang tercemar. Hal ini juga diperkuat dengan pernyataan keyperson yang menyatakan bahwa adanya pencemaran udara di Jakarta tersebut memberikan dampak negatif bagi kesehatan. Oleh karena itu, baik masyarakat maupun keyperson menyatakan setuju jika pajak emisi dijadikan solusi dalam mengurangi pencemaran udara.
Keyword: Air pollution, cost of illness, emission tax rates, gasoline, public transportation emissions