Judul: Characterization of ADAM10 gene as the Molecular Marker of Alzheimer on Cynolmogus Monkey’s Brain
Abstrak: Demensia merupakan gangguan pada memori, kemampuan kognitif dan perilaku. Terdapat 47 juta kasus di tahun 2015 dengan biaya penanganan yang mencapai 818 milyar Dollar Amerika Serikat secara global. Alzheimer merupakan penyumbang kasus demensia terbesar sehingga diperlukan pemahaman secara molekuler yang lebih mendalam untuk mempermudah mengatasi penyakit ini. Monyet ekor panjang yang memiliki kemiripan dengan manusia dipilih sebagai hewan model. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami lebih dalam mengenai ekspresi gen ADAM10 di otak serta potensinya sebagai marka molekuler penyakit Alzheimer. Sampel diekstrasi dari hipokampus dan korteks 9 ekor monyet betina. Pendeteksian level ekspresi mRNA ADAM10 di otak dilakukan dengan RT-qPCR. Hasil menunjukkan tidak ada beda nyata antara ekspresi mRNA ADAM10 pada kelompok Tua dan Dewasa serta pada regio hipokampus dan regio korteks. Namun, hasil perhitungan menujukkan kecenderung lebih tinggi pada monyet dari kelompok Tua dibanding kelompok Dewasa dan cenderung lebih tinggi di hipokampus daripada korteks dari seluruh sampel. Level ekspresi mRNA ADAM10 dianggap tetap berpotensi menjadi marka molekuler penyakit Alzheimer., Dementia is an impairment found in memory, cognitive functions, and behavior. There were 47 million cases of dementia and the treatment cost 818 billion USD globally in 2015. Alzheimer’s diseade (AD) is the biggest cause of dementia, thus it is important to have deeper understanding in molecular level to be able to treat this disease. Cynomolgus monkey were chosen because of the similarities between them with human. This study aimed to have more understanding about ADAM10 gene expression in the brain and its potential as molecular marker of Alzheimer’s disease. Samples were extracted from hippocampus and cortex of the brain of each 9 female monkeys. The detection of ADAM10 mRNA expression level was done using the RT-qPCR method. The results showed no significant differences in the expression between Old group and Adult group and also between hippocampus and cortex. However, the expression level tended to be higher in the Old group and the hippocampus. ADAM10 mRNA expression level is still considered as the potential molecular marker for AD.
Keyword: ADAM10, Alzheimer disease, cynomolgus monkey, RT-qPCR

Judul: Identification of ADAM17 Gene Expression as  Alzheimer’s Disease Marker in Long-Tailed Monkey (Macaca fascicularis) Brain
Abstrak: Penyakit Alzheimer adalah penyakit degeneratif otak yang mengganggu fungsi dasar neuron, sehingga dapat berujung kematian pada penderita yang kemampuan motoriknya tidak lagi berfungsi. Pengobatan spesifik untuk menangani penderita penyakit Alzheimer belum ditemukan. Masih terdapat banyak pertanyaan mengenai penyakit dan pengobatan penyakit Alzheimer. Salah satu metode yang digunakan untuk mengenal lebih dalam tentang penyakit ini adalah dengan menggunakan hewan model. Monyet ekor panjang merupakan primata yang memiliki kedekatan filogeni dengan manusia. Monyet ekor panjang tua juga memiliki karakteristik yang sama dengan manusia yang mengidap penyakit Alzheimer. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi ekspresi gen a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) sebagai marka penyakit Alzheimer pada monyet ekor panjang. Penelitian ini menggunakan 6 sampel otak monyet ekor panjang bagian hipokampus dan korteks. Monyet sebelumnya telah dikelompokkan menjadi kelompok usia tua dan muda. Deteksi ekspresi gen ADAM17 dilakukan dengan menggunakan RT-qPCR. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan tidak berbeda nyata antara ekspresi gen ADAM17 pada tiap regio dan kelompok usia, namun didapatkan hasil bahwa ekspresi gen ADAM17 banyak ditemukan pada hewan tua dan regio hipokampus., Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that disrupts the basic functions of the neurons, potentially leading patients to death. There is no specific treatment for Alzheimer's disease. There are still many questions about Alzheimer's disease and its treatment. One of the methods often used to get to know more about this disease is to use animal models. The long-tailed monkey is a primate that has a phylogenetic closeness to humans. Aged long-tailed monkeys also have the same characteristics as humans with Alzheimer's disease. This study aimed to identify a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) gene expression as a marker of Alzheimer's disease in long-tailed monkeys. This study used 6 brain samples of long-tailed monkeys in the hippocampus and cortex. Monkeys have previously been grouped into old and young age groups. The detection of ADAM17 gene expression was performed using RT-qPCR. The results of data analysis showed that there was no significant difference between ADAM17 gene expression in each region and age group, but the results showed that ADAM17 gene expression was mostly found in old monkeys and the hippocampus region.
Keyword: ADAM17, Hippocampus, Cortex, Long-tailed monkey, Alzheimer’s  disease

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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