Judul: Pengoptimuman Penjadwalan Pegawai Pintu Tol Menggunakan Goal Programming: Studi Kasus Di Pintu Gerbang Tol Cimanggis Utama Tol Jagorawi
Abstrak: Gerbang tol adalah tempat di mana para pengguna jalan tol atau pengendara kendaraan bermotor melakukan transaksi pembayaran atau awal dari pelayanan tol. Transaksi pembayaran terbagi menjadi transaksi tunai dan transaksi nontunai. Untuk setiap pintu gerbang tol, transaksi tunai dilayani oleh seorang pegawai sedangkan transaksi nontunai dilayani oleh mesin. Gerbang tol ini beroperasi selama 24 jam sehari sehingga diperlukan penjadwalan bagi para pegawainya. Dalam karya ilmiah ini, permasalahan penjadwalan pegawai dimodelkan sebagai masalah nonpreemptive goal programming dengan fungsi objektif meminimumkan variabel deviasi positif dengan menggunakan bobot dan meminimumkan jumlah hari kerja pegawai. Model selanjutnya diimplementasikan pada kasus penjadwalan pegawai pintu gerbang tol Cimanggis Utama Tol Jagorawi menggunakan bantuan software LINGO 11.0 serta laptop berprosesor core i5 dengan RAM 4 GB. Hasil implementasi memperlihatkan bahwa banyaknya hari kerja, banyaknya shift dan banyaknya libur setiap pegawai lebih berkeadilan dibandingkan dengan jadwal yang ada sekarang.
Keyword: gerbang tol, goal programming, penjadwalan

Judul: Penjadwalan penjaga gerbang tol dengan goal programming^bstudi kasus ruas tol Pelabuhan Jakarta
Abstrak: Toll gate is the starting point of toll services at which travelers must stop and pay the toll. In this work, rules and standard operational procedures of management company are considered to describe gate keepers scheduling problem at Pelabuhan Tollroad, Jakarta, which then formulated in term of goal programming and solved by using nonpreemptive method. There are two types of constraint in goal programming method, namely hard and soft constraints. The objective function in this paper is to minimize the shortage of work days and minimize the number of off-on-off patterns facing by tollgate keepers. Software used in solving toll gate keeper scheduling is LINGO 11.0. By using nonpreemptive goal programming, it’s obtained the tollroad gate keeper scheduling which fulfills almost all scheduling regulations obliged by the company.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University, toll gate keeper, scheduling, nonpreemptive goal programming

Judul: Phylogeography and Species Limits in the Papuan White Snake (Micropechis ikaheka) (Reptilia: Serpentes: Elapidae)
Abstrak: Papua white snake, Micropechis ikaheka, has been distingushed into two subspecies M.i. ikaheka and M.i. fasciatus. However, due to lack of data on their morphology, distribution and ecology, both subspecies often ignored in scintific discussions and refers only byas , Micropechis ikaheka. This study was designed to document the differences between M.i. ikaheka and M.i fasciatus by using scales characteristics and reproductive organ or hemipenes. The study also examine, zoogeography, habitat, diet and cannibalism of both subspecies to better understanding the the ecology of one of the most venomous snakes in the world. This study consists of three topics with method and also different in the size samples, respectively. The first study is the histology and microtopography of the skin were studied using paraffin method and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The second is the hemipenis were examined by following Myers and Cadle (2003), and Zaher and Prudente (2003). The third is the abdominal surgery was carried out to document diet type and the investigate phenomenon of cannibalism in the snake. Specimens for this study came from the collection from Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB) and Universitas Negeri Papua’s Laboratory (LZU). The research result also indicated that the markers of skin and hemipenis described the same structure and microornamentation in all M. ikaheka groups being compared. Based specimens examined morphological descriptions do not s support the further differentiation in Micropechis. In short, two markers that used in this study could not sufficiently indicate the differences in the level of species and subspecies of M. ikaheka. The study, however, were able to delineate zoogeography and skin color patterns, which fall into four groups: M. i. ikaheka; M. i. fasciatus. M. i. ssp. “intermediate”; and M. i. ssp “black”. This study also revealed that color variations did not overlap in their geographic distribution. It is therefore, it suggested that environmental factors may contribute to the skin color variations. It also assumed that habitat discontinuous and biogeography factors may also cause the loss of the connection between the original populations (vicarians) or follow colonization events (dispersal). The examined of 22 stomach contents of M. ikaheka shows this species is carnivorous, and prey on vertebrates such as amphibians, fish, reptiles, and Mammals. These snakes are opportunistic predators since they prey on all that can be captured, but mainly reptiles (61.5%), followed by mammals and fish (both 15.4%), and amphibians (7.7%). Although categorized as terrestrial animal, the diet study showed that M. ikaheka snakes often go into the water to hunt for fish (the sample from Yapen island), including eel (the sample from Aru island). Based on prey items indentified, there is evidence that M. ikaheka is cannibal. At this time, there still no record on reason for cannibalism, but it is assumed that cannibalism was due to competition between populations and means to control population.
Keyword: geographic variation, white snake, papua