Judul: Aplikasi Probiotik Bacillus sp. DMP13 dalam Media Pemeliharaan Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Daya Tahan Stres Larva Udang Galah Macrobrachium rosenbergii.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aplikasi probiotik Bacillus sp. DMP13 dalam media terhadap pertumbuhan dan daya tahan larva udang galah. Udang galah yang digunakan larva berumur 1 hari setelah menetas dengan bobot 2,7±0,6 mg dan panjang 2,1±0,1 mm. Larva dipelihara dalam wadah plastik dengan volume 2 liter dengan kepadatan 100 ekor L-1 selama 21 hari. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan 4 perlakuan yaitu A (kontrol tanpa pemberian probiotik), B (pemberian probiotik Bacillus sp. DMP13 dosis 102 cfu mL-1), C (pemberian probiotik Bacillus sp. DMP13 dosis 104 cfu mL-1) dan D (pemberian probiotik Bacillus sp. DMP13 dosis 106 cfu mL-1). Pemberian probiotik dilakukan melalui media pemeliharaan dan diberikan pada hari ke-9 hingga hari ke-18 dengan interval pemberian 3 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian probiotik Bacillus sp. DMP13 dengan dosis 102 cfu mL-1 meningkatkan signifikan pada parameter pertumbuhan bobot, daya tahan stres 1.250 μL L-1 dan total bacterial viable count, masing-masing 29,67±1,88 mg, 98,3±2,9% dan 5,99±0,28 log cfu mL-1. Parameter larvae stage index, sintasan dan pertumbuhan panjang mutlak tidak berbeda signifikan terhadap kontrol dan perlakuan lainnya.
Keyword: Bacillus sp, DMP13, daya tahan, larva udang galah, probiotik

Judul: Performa Pertumbuhan dan Vitalitas  Udang Vaname yang Diberi Dosis dan Genus Probiotik Berbeda
Abstrak: Penambahan probiotik pada pakan merupakan salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan performa pertumbuhan udang. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pemberian probiotik Bacillus cereus BR2 dan probiotik Staphylococcus lentus L1k yang diberikan melalui pakan dengan dosis berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan dan uji vitalitas udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei). Hewan uji memiliki bobot rata-rata 0,19±0,02 g. Penelitian terdiri dari lima perlakuan dengan empat kali ulangan. Perlakuan uji meliputi A (penambahan pakan dengan probiotik BR2 kepadatan 103 CFU ml-1; 1% v/w), B (penambahan pakan dengan probiotik BR2 kepadatan 106 CFU ml-1; 1% v/w), C (penambahan pakan dengan probiotik L1k kepadatan 103 CFU ml-1; 1% v/w), D (penambahan pakan dengan probiotik L1k kepadatan 106 CFU ml-1; 1% v/w), dan kontrol (tanpa penambahan probiotik). Penelitian dilakukan selama 50 hari dan dilakukan sampling setiap 10 hari sekali. Hasil dari penelitian diperoleh nilai pada parameter Survival Rate (SR), Pertambahan Bobot Mutlak (PBM), Laju Pertumbuhan Harian (LPH), Rasio Konversi Pakan (RKP), dan Survival Rate (SR) saat uji respons stres pada perlakuan penambahan probiotik berbeda nyata (P<0,05) terhadap kontrol. Pemberian probiotik BR2 dan L1k melalui pakan dapat meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan dan vitalitas udang dengan hasil terbaik pada perlakuan L1k dosis 103 CFUml-1; 1% v/w.
Keyword: performance growth, probiotics, shrimp vaname, vitality

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite