Judul: Optimasi Pola Tanam pada Lahan Pertanian dengan Mempertimbangkan Potensi Erosi, Land Rent, dan Kecukupan Beras di Wilayah Subang, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Peningkatan jumlah penduduk menyebabkan peningkatan permintaan akan lahan untuk area produksi pangan, permukiman, dan fasilitas umum. Sementara itu, ketersediaan lahan untuk memenuhi semua kebutuhan hidup manusia relatif tetap dan terbatas, sehingga mendorong terjadinya penggunaan lahan yang tidak sesuai daya dukungnya. Ketidaksesuaian antara pemanfaatan lahan dengan daya dukungnya memberikan dampak buruk secara fisik dan ekonomi. Guna menghindari hal tersebut diperlukan pemilihan pola tanam yang optimal pada lahan pertanian untuk mendukung perencanaan pembangunan pertanian yang berkelanjutan. Model optimasi linear goals programming (LGP) dipilih untuk menyusun alternatif pengelolaan sumberdaya lahan. Wilayah penelitian mencakup empat kecamatan di Kabupaten Subang, yaitu Kecamatan Cipeundeuy, Kalijati, Pabuaran, dan Patokbeusi. Perumusan model optimasi pola tanam pada lahan pertanian di wilayah ini disusun untuk mencapai tiga sasaran, yaitu (1) erosi ditekan seminimal mungkin sehingga dapat menjaga kelestarian lahan, (2) memberikan manfaat ekonomi tertinggi bagi petani, dan (3) memenuhi kebutuhan beras penduduk di wilayah penelitian. Hasil akhir penyusunan model optimasi ini adalah pola tanam optimal untuk setiap satuan lahan yang memenuhi tiga sasaran skenario. Pada penelitian ini disusun 12 skenario dengan sasaran berbeda. Hasil optimasi menunjukkan bahwa skenario VI dan XII memenuhi target yang diharapkan dibandingkan skenario lainnya. Kedua skenario ini menghasilkan pola tanam optimal dengan nilai erosi paling rendah sebesar 85.528,10 ton/tahun, memberikan manfaat ekonomi tertinggi bagi petani sebesar Rp 525.890.970.000,- dan mampu memenuhi kebutuhan beras penduduk di wilayah penelitian sebesar 46.598 ton GKP untuk skenario VI serta 181.730 ton GKP untuk skenario XII. Berdasarkan hasil analisis decision tree, pola sebaran spasial lahan optimal dipengaruhi oleh manfaat ekonomi yang diperoleh petani.
Keyword: cropping pattern, erosion, land rent, linear goals programming, rice sufficiency

Judul: Optimasi Pola Tanam pada Lahan Pertanian dengan Mempertimbangkan Potensi Erosi, Land Rent, dan Kecukupan Beras di Wilayah Subang, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Increasing population causes escalation in demand of land for food production, settlements, and public facilities. Meanwhile, land availability is fixed and limited which encourage utilizing marginal or unsuitable land. Land utilization for food production which not comply its capability would have negative effect both physically and economically. To avoid those effects, optimal cropping pattern should be determine to support sustainable agricultural development. This research aims to determine optimal land for food production areas by considering the potential erosion, land rent, and rice sufficiency. Linear goals programming is employed to devise the optimal choice of land use pattern. The study area includes four sub-districts in Subang, West Java namely Cipeundeuy, Kalijati, Pabuaran, and Patokbeusi. Optimum cultivation pattern on the agricultural land was organized to achieve three targets including (1) to minimized erosion for land preservation, (2) to provide the highest economic benefits for farmers, and (3) to meet rice sufficiency of study area. This study designed twelve scenarios with different targets combination. It is showed that scenario VI and XII is the best combination comply the expected targets. Both scenarios produce optimal cropping patterns with the lowest erosion values of 85.528,10 tons/year, generate the highest economic benefit for farmers at Rp 525.890.970.000,- and yield 46.598 tons rice for scenario VI and 181.730 tons rice for scenario XII. Decision tree analysis shows that the economic benefits strongly affected spatial distribution pattern of optimum land utilization.
Keyword: rice sufficiency, linear goals programming, land rent, erosion

Judul: Light Microscope Study of ConnectiveTissue in The Spleen of Common Rousette Bat (Rousettus amplexicaudatus)
Abstrak: The spleen is the largest lymphoid organ. As a secondary lymphoid organ, in addition to its immune function, the spleen also has functions as blood filtration, storage, and hematopoiesis. The spleen has different morphologies between species that support different physiological functions, one of which is the difference in the structure of the capsule and trabeculae. Capsule and trabeculae of the spleen generally consist of connective tissue and smooth muscle. The thickness of smooth muscle composed together with connective tissue in the capsule and trabecula determines the function of the spleen that is divided spleen into three storage, defense, and intermediate. Bats are the reservoir of various zoonotic diseases. Bats are thought to have unique immune systems compared to other mammals but the characteristics of its immune organs such as the spleen have never been studied before. This study was conducted to examine the characteristics of capsulae and trabecula of the Common Rousette (Rousettus amplexicaudatus).
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