Judul: Kalkulasi Objek Bergerak Secara Real-Time Berbasis Object Tracking Dengan Metode Frame Differencing
Abstrak: Teknik Object Tracking merupakan salah satu teknik yang berguna di bidang Computer Vision. Salah satu kebutuhan yang penting adalah penggunaan Object Tracking secara real-time. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan penghitungan objek secara terkomputerisasi dengan memanfaatkan teknik object tracking. Objek diletakkan pada alat penggerak dan direkam pergerakannya. Pergerakan objek diproses secara real-time dengan menggunakan metode frame differencing untuk mendapatkan citra foreground. Metode frame differencing dapat membedakan objek dengan latar belakangnya. Kalkulasi dilakukan dengan memperhatikan pergerakan objek. Setiap objek yang melewati garis penghitung akan menambah jumlah hitungan. Akurasi hasil kalkulasi dihitung dengan nilai precision dan recall. Hasil terbaik dari penelitian ini didapat saat interval waktu peletakan objek sebesar 2 detik. Akurasi menghasilkan nilai precision dan recall sebesar 100% dan RMSE sebesar 0 dengan kemiringan alat penggerak yang landai. Pada kemiringan curam, nilai precision, recall dan RMSE berturut-turut sebesar 85%, 56.67%, dan 2.71.
Keyword: Frame Differencing, Kalkulasi Objek, Object Tracking

Judul: Implementasi Filter Kalman pada Sistem Tertanam Waktu Nyata untuk Menghitung Jumlah Kendaraan di Jalan Raya
Abstrak: Salah satu teknik yang digunakan untuk pengaturan lampu lalu lintas di jalan raya adalah vision-based monitoring. Penelitian ini membangun sistem tertanam waktu nyata dengan mengimplementasikan vision-based monitoring pada single board computer untuk menghitung kendaraan. Algoritme vision-based monitoring yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah frame difference untuk menghilangkan background dan filter Kalman untuk pelacakan kendaraan. Pengujian dilakukan selama 4 hari dan setiap harinya diambil data selama 50 menit. Rentang waktu pengambilan citra selama 15 detik dengan FPS sebesar 10 dan rentang waktu penghitungan kendaraan selama 13.654 detik. Implementasi kedua algoritme pada Raspberry Pi mempunyai akurasi sebesar 44.357 % dengan simpangan 11.141 untuk hari ke-1 dan 2 serta akurasi sebesar 59.374 % dengan simpangan 7.517 untuk hari ke-3 dan 4. Hasil hari ke-1 dan 2 dipisah dengan hasil hari ke-3 dan 4 karena beda perlakuan terhadap kamera Raspberry Pi pada saat pengujian. Hasil dari penghitungan jumlah kendaraan dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui kepadatan lalu lintas di jalan raya.
Keyword: frame difference, filter Kalman, lampu lalu lintas jalan raya, single board computer, vision-based monitoring

Judul: Phylogeography and Species Limits in the Papuan White Snake (Micropechis ikaheka) (Reptilia: Serpentes: Elapidae)
Abstrak: Papua white snake, Micropechis ikaheka, has been distingushed into two subspecies M.i. ikaheka and M.i. fasciatus. However, due to lack of data on their morphology, distribution and ecology, both subspecies often ignored in scintific discussions and refers only byas , Micropechis ikaheka. This study was designed to document the differences between M.i. ikaheka and M.i fasciatus by using scales characteristics and reproductive organ or hemipenes. The study also examine, zoogeography, habitat, diet and cannibalism of both subspecies to better understanding the the ecology of one of the most venomous snakes in the world. This study consists of three topics with method and also different in the size samples, respectively. The first study is the histology and microtopography of the skin were studied using paraffin method and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The second is the hemipenis were examined by following Myers and Cadle (2003), and Zaher and Prudente (2003). The third is the abdominal surgery was carried out to document diet type and the investigate phenomenon of cannibalism in the snake. Specimens for this study came from the collection from Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB) and Universitas Negeri Papua’s Laboratory (LZU). The research result also indicated that the markers of skin and hemipenis described the same structure and microornamentation in all M. ikaheka groups being compared. Based specimens examined morphological descriptions do not s support the further differentiation in Micropechis. In short, two markers that used in this study could not sufficiently indicate the differences in the level of species and subspecies of M. ikaheka. The study, however, were able to delineate zoogeography and skin color patterns, which fall into four groups: M. i. ikaheka; M. i. fasciatus. M. i. ssp. “intermediate”; and M. i. ssp “black”. This study also revealed that color variations did not overlap in their geographic distribution. It is therefore, it suggested that environmental factors may contribute to the skin color variations. It also assumed that habitat discontinuous and biogeography factors may also cause the loss of the connection between the original populations (vicarians) or follow colonization events (dispersal). The examined of 22 stomach contents of M. ikaheka shows this species is carnivorous, and prey on vertebrates such as amphibians, fish, reptiles, and Mammals. These snakes are opportunistic predators since they prey on all that can be captured, but mainly reptiles (61.5%), followed by mammals and fish (both 15.4%), and amphibians (7.7%). Although categorized as terrestrial animal, the diet study showed that M. ikaheka snakes often go into the water to hunt for fish (the sample from Yapen island), including eel (the sample from Aru island). Based on prey items indentified, there is evidence that M. ikaheka is cannibal. At this time, there still no record on reason for cannibalism, but it is assumed that cannibalism was due to competition between populations and means to control population.
Keyword: geographic variation, white snake, papua