Judul: Docking of Anticancer medicinal plants as Murine Double Minute 2 Protein Inhibitor for Glioblastoma Therapy
Abstrak: Glioblastoma merupakan tumor ganas yang menyerang otak manusia dan bersifat mematikan. Malfungsi p53 merupakan salah satu penyebab ganasnya pertumbuhan tumor yang paling sering terjadi pada glioblastoma. Malfungsi p53 ini disebabkan oleh banyaknya onkoprotein murine double minute 2 (MDM2) yang mengikat p53 pada sel tumor. Oleh karena itu dilakukan inhibisi pada MDM2 untuk menghambat pertumbuhan sel tumor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan potensi senyawa bahan alam sebagai inhibitor protein MDM2 berdasarkan energi bebas Gibbs (∆G), interaksi intermolekul, dan uji Lipinski senyawa tanaman obat berpotensi antikanker secara in silico. Senyawa friedelin dan ginkgetin berpotensi paling tinggi sebagai inhibitor MDM2 dengan energi bebas Gibbs masing-masing adalah -8,70 kkal mol-1 dan -8,40 kkal mol-1., Glioblastoma is a deadly disease and a malignant tumor that attacks the human brain. The malfunction of p53 is one of the most common causes of malignant tumor growth in glioblastoma. This malfunction is caused by the accumulates of MDM2 oncoprotein that bind to p53 in tumor cells. Therefore, MDM2 was inhibited to suppress the growth of glioblastoma. This study is aimed to determine the potential of natural products as a MDM2 inhibitor based on the Gibbs free energy (∆G), intermolecular interaction, and Lipinski’s test. The friedelin and ginkgetin compound has the greatest potential as a MDM2 inhibitor with Gibbs free energy respectively -8,70 kcal mol-1 and -8,40 kcal mol-1.
Keyword: Glioblastoma, MDM2, Molecular Docking, p53

Judul: Molecular Docking and Virtual Screening of Natural Ingredients as Potential Anti-Glioblastoma Drugs
Abstrak: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) adalah tumor otak ganas primer yang paling umum dan agresif. Faktor pertumbuhan fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) sangat penting dalam perkembangan saraf normal dan mendorong pertumbuhan glioma dan vaskularisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan binding site antara protein FGF2 dengan FGFR 1-4 serta memperoleh senyawa aktif pada tanaman herbal Indonesia yang berpotensi sebagai inhibitor FGF2 sehingga berpotensi sebagai obat kanker otak glioblastoma multiforme. Penelitian ini meliputi screening virtual dan docking molekuler menggunakan Vina pada 1496 senyawa herbal Indonesia, docking menggunakan Autodock 4.2.6, dan analisis hasil docking Autodock 4.2.6 menggunakan Ligplot+. Asam amino yang diperoleh dari protein FGF2 berikatan dengan baik pada setiap reseptor FGFR 1-4. Asam amino FGF2 yang berikatan dengan FGFR1 adalah Arg97, Arg109, Lys110, Thr112, Trp114, Gln134. Pada FGFR2 mereka adalah Tyr24, Phe31, Lys46, Ser100, Gly133, Leu140. Pada FGFR3 yaitu Pro14, Tyr24, Glu59, Gly61 , Leu98, Asr102. Di FGFR4 mereka adalah Lys26, Phe31, Arg42, Glu45, Pro49, Arg120, Lys135, Met142. Senyawa piranoamentoflavon yang terdapat pada tanaman nyamplung (Calophyllum Inophyllum), 5,3',5'-Trihydroxy- 6,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone pada tanaman kemuning (Murraya Paniculata), dan Sotetsuflavon pada obat penawar jambe (Cycas Revoluta) memiliki potensi yang baik sebagai inhibitor FGF2 sebagai obat anti kanker Glioblastoma.
Keyword: binding site, fibroblast growth factor 2, molecular docking, virtual screening

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite