Judul: Analysis of MSME behavior in the digital transformation process using a dynamic system model
Abstrak: Usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah (UMKM) merupakan salah satu pilar penyangga perekonomian Indonesia, di mana UMKM menyumbang sekitar 60,34% dari total PDB Indonesia di tahun 2022. Saat ini, perkembangan digital yang pesat menuntut UMKM untuk melakukan transformasi digital pada sistem bisnis. Namun, dalam proses melakukan transformasi digital, banyak hambatan dan tantangan yang memengaruhi hal tersebut. Hambatan dan tantangan yang paling sering UMKM alami antara lain keterbatasan literasi digital, keterbatasan teknologi, dan keterbatasan keuangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh faktor UMKM terhadap performa transformasi digital UMKM dan merumuskan rekomendasi kebijakan melalui pemodelan sistem dinamik terkait transformasi digital UMKM. Pemodelan dilakukan secara bertahap dengan pembuatan diagram kausatik dan diagram stock and flow (SFD). Formulasi pada SFD menggunakan nilai signifikansi dengan metode structural equation modeling. Simulasi dilakukan bertingkat dari level transformasi paling rendah hingga level transformasi paling tinggi. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi, dihasilkan kebijakan pemerintah untuk memfasilitasi pelaku UMKM dalam hal literasi, pemodalan, dan akses teknologi untuk meningkatkan kemampuan transformasi digital UMKM., Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are one of the pillars supporting Indonesia's economy, contributing approximately 60.34% of the total GDP in 2022. Currently, the rapid digital development requires MSMEs to undergo digital transformation in their business systems. However, there are many obstacles and challenges affecting this process. The most common challenges faced by MSMEs include limited digital literacy, limited technology, and financial constraints. This study aims to analyze the impact of MSME factors on the performance of digital transformation and to formulate policy recommendations through dynamic system modeling related to MSME digital transformation. The modeling is conducted in stages by creating causal loop diagrams and stock and flow diagrams (SFD). The formulation in the SFD uses significance values with the structural equation modeling method. Simulations are carried out in stages, from the lowest transformation level to the highest transformation level. Based on the simulation results, government policies are recommended to facilitate MSMEs in terms of literacy, funding, and technology access to enhance their digital transformation capabilities.
Keyword: Digital transformation, Dynamic system, MSME, Stock and flow

Judul: Optimizing MSME Performance Through the Adoption of E-payment and E-commerce: A Case Study of Agricultural and Nonagricultural Sectors
Abstrak: UMKM terus didorong untuk masuk ke ekosistem bisnis digital sejalan dengan perkembangan transaksi melalui layanan e-payment dan e-commerce di masyarakat. Namun, terdapat kesenjangan digitalisasi pada UMKM sektor pertanian dan nonpertanian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh adopsi e-paymentdan e-commerce terhadap kinerja UMKM serta melihat perbedaan pengaruh yang ditimbulkan terhadap sektor pertanian dan nonpertanian. Analisis menggunakan data 550 UMKM terdiri dari 110 sektor pertanian dan 440 sektor nonpertanian di seluruh Indonesia dengan metode analisis cross-tabulation dan SEM-PLS. Pada sektor nonpertanian terdapat pengaruh langsung dan tidak langsung yang positif dan signifikan dari penggunaan e-payment dan e-commerce terhadap kinerja UMKM. Sedangkan pada sektor pertanian, e-payment tidak berpengaruh signifikan secara langsung terhadap kinerja UMKM, tetapi pengaruhnya secara tidak langsung dimediasi oleh e-commerce. Oleh karena itu, perlu ada sinergi dan integrasi yang kuat antara layanan e-payment dan e-commerce dalam mendorong produktivitas dan kinerja UMKM baik di sektor pertanian maupun nonpertanian., MSMEs are encouraged to enter the digital business ecosystem in line with the development of transactions through e-payment and e-commerce services in society. However, there is a digitalization disparity in MSMEs in the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. This study aims to look at the effect of e-payment and e-commerce adoption on MSME performance and see the differences in the effects on the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. The analysis used data from 550 MSMEs consisting of 110 agricultural sectors and 440 non-agricultural sectors throughout Indonesia with cross-tabulation and SEM-PLS analysis methods. In the non-agricultural sector, there are positive and significant direct and indirect effects of the use of e-payment and e-commerce on the performance of MSMEs. Meanwhile, in the agricultural sector, e-payment does not have a significant effect directly on the performance of MSMEs, but its effect is indirectly mediated by e-commerce. Therefore, there needs to be strong synergy and integration between e-payment and e-commerce services in encouraging the productivity and performance of MSMEs in both the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors.
Keyword: Transformasi digital, SEM-PLS, e-payment, e-commerce, kinerja UMKM, sektor  pertanian dan nonpertanian

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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