Judul: Isolat bakteri salmonella dan leukosit dari anak-anak penderita diare di puskesmas Sindang Barang Bogor
Abstrak: Diarrhea is a disease that can cause death to children in developing countries. One of the bacteria which can cause diarrhea is Salmonella bacteria. This research intend to isolate and identify Salmonella sp. bacteria from faeces samples children diarrhea in Puskesmas Sindang Barang, Bogor. There are about 100 samples of faeces was taken with rectal swab method and saved in 1ml sterile buffer saline then isolated 24 – 48 hours in SSA. Blood samples were taken from finger then count the leucocytes with the Simmon method. From isolation method there are about eight isolates of Salmonella sp. bacteria suspects. Biochemical tests which are performed on this method are Metyl Red test, Voges Proskauer test, Urea test, H2S test, KCN test, citrate test, Indole test and gram stain. From biochemical test there are about five isolates which showed sign of physiological of Salmonella sp. bacteria. The leucocytes count varied from leucopenia to normal.
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Judul: Salmonella, leukosit, dan hematokrit dari penderita diare di Puskesmas Cangkurawok, Dramaga, Bogor
Abstrak: Salmonella is one of bacteria that can cause diarrhea with the infasive mechanism, which can influence the system immune. The objective of this research is isolating Salmonella from diarrhea’s faeces and knowing the number and differentiation of leucocyte, and hematocryte value of diarrhea patient. The faecal samples were isolated in SSA media. The identification of isolates based on gram staining and biochemical assay through MR (Methyl Red), VP (Voges Proskauer), urease, H2S, KCN, indole, and citrat. Hematogram analysis include hematocryt value, number of leukocytes, and calculated the percentage of leukocyte differentiation type. Five of 100 faecal samples showed that they had black colonies in SSA media. Then based on the biochemical assay, three of those samples had characteristic of Salmonella bacteria, positive result in MR and citrate, and negative in VP, urease, H2S, KCN, and indole. The patients who identified as Salmonella carrier had the normal hematocryt value, normal and low number of leucocyte, and the varying presentation of leucocyte differentiation.
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Judul: Hedging strategy for loan with interest rate Cap.
Abstrak: A bank usually charges a specific nominal interest for a loan, which is influenced by the market’s interest rate. When the market interest rates fluctuate, the customer will face financial loss with the growing burden. Interest rate cap is one of the solutions to anticipate any negative impacts of increasing interest rate, by limiting the maximum interest rate paid by customer to the bank. Thus, customer gets a guarantee against increase in interest rate. To obtain this guarantee, the customer is required to pay a premium. The aims of this paper are to analyze the form of a loan with the interest rate cap strategy, and to discuss Vasicek model approach to determine the amount of the premium. A numerical illustration is given to show the advantage of the interest rate cap strategy. The results show that the interest rate cap will provide protection to the customer as the market interest rates fluctuate. Vasicek model states that the price cap interest rate can be expressed as an expected value of a random variable that has bivariate normal distribution. Numerical results show that this strategy provides benefits in the form of lower amortization cost than that of a loan without interest rate cap.
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