Judul: Penilaian Unit Penangkapan Ikan Berdasarkan Aspek Biologi, Teknis, Finansial di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Karangantu
Abstrak: Alat tangkap yang digunakan oleh nelayan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Karangantu terdiri dari jaring payang, pancing, sero, jaring rampus, jaring rajungan, bagan perahu, dan bagan tancap. Pengembangan teknis unit penangkapan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Karangantu perlu dilakukan secara bertanggung jawab dengan demikian potensi perikanan dapat dioptimalkan menggunakan prinsip pemanfaatan potensi perikanan yang baik (Zamdial et al. 2021). Berdasarkan uraian tersebut perlu dilakukan adanya pengelolaan mengenai unit penangkapan unggulan yang paling tepat dan layak dikembangkan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Karangantu berdasarkan aspek biologi, teknis, finansial. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan alat penangkapan ikan unggulan ditinjau dari aspek biologi, teknis, finansial. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Analisis data secara umum dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode MCA (Multi Criteria Analysis). Metode MCA (Multi Criteria Analysis) adalah metode yang digunakan untuk mengevaluasi dan membuat keputusan berdasarkan kriteria. Hasil analisis dari ketiga aspek yaitu aspek biologi, teknis, finansial diperoleh bahwa jaring rampus merupakan unit penangkapan tepat guna di PPN Karangantu. Unit penangkapan jaring rampus memperoleh nilai V(A) sebesar 2.39 menempatkannya pada urutan prioritas pertama. Urutan prioritas kedua ditempati oleh bagan perahu dengan nilai V(A) sebesar 1.57, sedangkan urutan prioritas ketiga ditempati oleh bagan tancap dengan nilai V(A) sebesar 1.00., The fishing gear used by fisherman at the Nusantara Fishing Port Karangantu consists of seine net, hand line, trap, drift gill net, fixed gill net, boat lift nets, and lift-net. The technical development of fishing units at the Nusantara Karangantu Fishing Port needs to be carried out responsibly, so that the potential of fisheries can be optimized using the principle of good utilization of fishery potential (Zamdial et al. 2021). Based on this description, it is necessary to carry out management of superior fishing units to find out the most appropriate and feasible fishing units to be developed in the Nusantara Fishing Port Karangantu based on biological, technical and financial aspects. This study aims to determine fishing equipment from biological, technical, and financial aspects. Data collection was carried out using the purposive sampling method. General data analysis in this research uses the MCA (Multi Criteria Analysis) method. The MCA (Multi Criteria Analysis) method is a method used to evaluate and make decisions based on criteria. The results of the analysis of three aspects, namely biological, technical and financial aspects, showed that drift gill net are an appropriate fishing unit at PPN Karangantu. The drift gill net fishing unit obtained a V(A) value of 2.39 placing it in the first priority order. The second priority order is occupied by the boat lift net with a V(A) value of 1.57, while the third priority order is occupied by the lift-net with a V(A) value of 1.00.
Keyword: boat lift nets, drift gillnet, lift-net, Nusantara Fishing Port

Judul: Environmental Friendliness Level of Fishing Gear Based at Karangantu Nusantara Fishing Port
Abstrak: Konflik antar nelayan karena penggunaan alat tangkap merusak lingkungan terjadi di PPN Karangantu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi alat tangkap, mengevaluasi tingkat keramahan lingkungan alat tangkap, menentukan analisis kelayakan usaha alat tangkap dan merumuskan rekomendasi pengganti alat tangkap yang tidak ramah lingkungan. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif, CCRF, skala likert, dan analisis kelayakan usaha. Nelayan sekitar PPN Karangantu didominasi oleh nelayan skala kecil. Hasil penelitian diperoleh skor keramahan pancing 33.75; bagan perahu 31,67; jaring rajungan 31; dan bagan tancap 30 menjadi alat tangkap sangat ramah lingkungan, jaring rampus 28,1 kurang ramah lingkungan; dan jaring arad 22,6 tidak ramah lingkungan. Hasil perhitungan kelayakan diperoleh bagan tancap menjadi alat tangkap yang paling untung dengan revenue cost ratio 1,61 dan payback period 0,31. Jaring arad dapat digantikan dengan alat tangkap pancing berdasarkan tingkat keramahan lingkungan., Conflicts among fishers due to the use of environmentally damaging fishing gear occur at Karangantu Nusantara Fishing Port. This study aims to identify fishing gear, evaluate the environmental friendliness of fishing gear, determine the feasibility analysis of fishing gear business, and formulate recommendations for replacing non-environmentally friendly fishing gear. The analyses used are descriptive analysis, CCRF, Likert scale, and business feasibility analysis. The fishermen around Karangantu Nusantara Fishing Port are predominantly smallscale fishers. The results of the study obtained the following environmental friendliness scores: handline 33.75; boat lift net 31.67; crab net 31; and lift net 30, which are classified as very environmentally friendly fishing gear, rampus net 28.1 is less environmentally friendly, and arad net 22.6 is not environmentally friendly. The feasibility calculation results show that stationary chart is the most profitable fishing gear with a revenue cost ratio of 1.61 and a payback period of 0.31. Arad net can be replaced with handline based on the level of environmental friendliness.
Keyword: alat tangkap, Payback Period, CCRF, Tingkat keramahan lingkungan, Revenue Cost Ratio

Judul: Sintesis Flavon dari Fenol dan Benzoil Klorida
Abstrak: Flavone is a class of flavonoid, commonly found in plants with wide bioactivity spectrum. A widely used flavone synthesis route is through acidcatalyzed oxidative cyclization of β-diketone. In this study, unsubstituted flavone had been synthesized via 5-step from phenol, with 22% yield and successfully increased the yield of previous study on Fries rearrangement of phenyl acetate and benzoylation of o-HAP steps. Phenol was acetylated resulting 93% phenyl acetate. AlCl3-catalyzed Fries rearrangement in 1.5 hour and at 120 °C converted phenyl acetate into o-hydroxyacetophenone (o-HAP) with 40% yield. AlCl3 as catalyst produced o-HAP with higher and reproducible yield compared with BF3·Et2O and ZnCl2. Benzoylation of o-HAP followed by Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement of the ester product using KOH in dried pyridine produced β-diketone 1-(2- hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropane-1,3-dione. The yield of ester and β-diketone were 71% and 85%, respectively. Finally, oxidative cyclization of β-diketone with sulphuric acid as catalyst produced 99% of flavone. The flavone product had been characterized spectroscopically and its melting point as well.
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