Judul: Estimated Gross Regional Domestic Product for the Environment in the Mining and Quarrying Sector of Balangan Regency
Abstrak: Peningkatan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) Kabupaten balangan menunjukkan pertumbuhan ekonomi yang positif. Namun, PDRB Konvensional tersebut tidak menginternalisasikan nilai deplesi dan degradasi sumberdaya dan lingkungan. Perhitungan PDRB Lingkungan Hidup (LH) diperlukan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan ekonomi Kabupaten balangan yang telah memasukkan nilai deplesi dan degradasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) Mengidentifikasi sektor-sektor yang berpotensi menjadi sektor basis dan non basis pada perekonomian Kabupaten Balangan dan menggunakan analisis Klassen serta kurva kuznets (2) Mengestimasi nilai deplesi sumberdaya dan degradasi lingkungan yang diakibatkan oleh kegiatan di sektor Pertambangan dan Penggalian Kabupaten balangan, (3) Mengestimasi nilai PDRB LH Sektor Pertambangan dan Penggalian Kabupaten Balangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari instansi instansi terkait dan penelitian-penelitian terdahulu. Identifikasi keragaan PDRB Kabupaten Balangan dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis Location Quotient. Nilai deplesi diestimasi terhadap sumberdaya batu bara dengan pendekatan unit rent. Nilai degradasi diestimasi dengan pendekatan Replacement Cost. Estimasi nilai deplesi dan degradasi tersebut menjadi pengurang bagi PDRB Konvensional Kabupaten Balangan, sehingga dapat diperoleh estimasi PDRB LH Kabupaten Balangan., The increase in Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of Balangan Regency shows positive economic growth. However, conventional GRDP does not internalize the value of depletion and degradation of resources and the environment. Environmental GRDP (LH) calculations are needed to determine the economic growth of Balangan Regency which includes depletion and degradation values. The objectives of this research (1) Identify sectors that have the potential to become basic and non-basic sectors in the economy of Balangan Regency and use Klassen analysis and kuznets curves (2) Estimate the value of resource depletion and environmental degradation resulting from activities in Mining and Quarrying sectors of Balangan Regency, (3) Estimate the value of LH GDP of the Mining and Quarrying Sector of Balangan Regency. This study uses secondary data from related agencies and previous studies. The identification of the diversity of the Balangan Regency GDP was carried out using descriptive analysis and Location Quotient analysis. The depletion value is estimated for coal resources using the unit rent approach. The degradation value is estimated by the Replacement Cost approach. The estimated depletion and degradation value is a reduction for the Conventional GDP of Balangan Regency, so that an estimate of the GRDP LH of Balangan Regency can be obtained.
Keyword: Tipologi klassen, Degradation, Depletion

Judul: Estimation of Environment Gross Regional Domestic Product of Purbalingga District
Abstrak: Nilai Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) Konvensional Kabupaten Purbalingga mengalami tren meningkat pada tahun 2017-2019 menunjukkan kondisi perekonomian yang positif, namun PDRB Konvensional tersebut belum mengintegrasikan nilai deplesi dan degradasi sumberdaya didalam perhitungannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah (1) mengestimasi nilai deplesi sumberdaya dan degradasi lingkungan sebagai dampak dari aktivitas perekonomian seluruh sektor lapangan usaha PDRB Kabupaten Purbalingga (2) mengestimasi nilai PDRB LH Kabupaten Purbalingga (3) mengidentifikasi sektor-sektor yang berpotensi menjadi sektor basis dan non basis pada perekonomian Kabupaten Purbalingga. Penelitian ini memakai data sekunder dari instansi-instansi terkait dan penelitian terdahulu. Pendekatan dan metode analisis yang digunakan ialah pendekatan pasar & unit rent, pendekatan lahan kritis & produktivitas lahan, serta analisis location quotient. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa pada tahun 2019 di Kabupaten Purbalingga, deplesi sumberdaya air dan degradasi lingkungan mewujudkan nilai PDRB LH menjadi sebesar Rp. 24.348.748.331.140,00 atau lebih kecil sekitar 2,28% dari PDRB Konvensional, kemudian terdapat 6 sektor basis dan 11 sektor non basis pada perekonomian Kabupaten Purbalingga. Nilai PDRB LH dan sektor basis menjadi komponen esensial bagi pemerintah Kabupaten Purbalingga dalam melaksanakan eskalasi pembangunan yang bersifat berkelanjutan., The value of the Conventional Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of Purbalingga Regency experienced an increasing trend in 2017-2019 indicating positive economic conditions, but the Conventional GRDP has not integrated the value of resource depletion and degradation in its calculations. The objectives of this study are (1) to estimate the value of resource depletion and environmental degradation as a result of economic activity in all sectors of the Purbalingga Regency GRDP (2) to estimate the value of the LH GRDP in Purbalingga Regency (3) to identify sectors that have the potential to become basic and non-basic sectors basis of the economy of Purbalingga Regency. This study uses secondary data from related agencies and previous research. Approaches and analytical methods used are market and unit rent approaches, critical land & land productivity approaches, and location quotient analysis. The results of the study revealed that in 2019 in Purbalingga Regency, depletion of water resources and environmental degradation resulted in the GRDP value of the LH being 24,348,748,331,140.00 IDR or less, about 2.28% of conventional GRDP, then there are 6 basic sectors and 11 non-base sectors in the economy of Purbalingga Regency. The GRDP value of the LH and the base sector are essential components for the Purbalingga Regency government in carrying out sustainable development escalation.
Keyword: depreciation, environmental GRDP, escalation, location quotient analysis, rent unit

Judul: Penggunaan Teorema Homeomorphy 2-Manifold dan Teorema Euler Poincare pada Torus 𝑇�� dan Simplicial Complex 𝐾��
Abstrak: Two dimensional topological spaces are said to be homeomorphic if they have the same topological invariant, where one of topological invariant used is an Euler characteristic. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem and Euler Poincare’s Theorem are used to distinguish two topological spaces. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem uses Euler characteristic to identify two dimensional topological spaces. Euler Poincare’s Theorem is an alternative way to find Euler characteristic with Betti number, which is topological invariant as well. The objective of this paper is to investigate the homeomorphism of torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾�����. Topological space torus and simplicial complex 𝐾����� have the same Euler characteristic, which is two. Based on Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem topological space torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾����� is homeomorphic.
Keyword: simplicial, torus, Euler, homeomorphism, topology