Judul: Political Ecology Analysis on Marine Ornamental Fish Eco-labelling (Case Study Les Village, Bali, Indonesia).
Abstrak: Eco-labelling is the agent of change of marine ornamental fishing pattern in North Bali by promoting environmental friendliness and raising issues regarding inequality in social, economic, political, and ecological dimension of marine ornamental fish fisher's livelihood. Historically, Les fishermen have carried out marine ornamental fish for export purposes since 1982 until now. In its journey, the ship chose to use cyanide to facilitate the process of catching marine ornamental fish. The use of cyanide has an adverse effect on Les' marine environment, a priority in the 2000s, fishermen reached the lowest economic point and the worst point for the Les environment. Destroyed coral reefs and lost fish, their numbers and types of fish are very dependent on Les's economy. Eco-labelling is present as an answer carried by local NGOs, with values and criteria that must meet the requirements for sustainability and environmental sustainability. There are several actors involved in the eco-labelling issues, namely state, non-governmental organization (NGO), private sectors, and fishers. This paper aims to analyze the characteristic of actors, their interest, and their impacts on marine ornamental fish trade and its certification of eco-labelling. Price disparity between ornamental fish fisher and exporters on the economic dimension is unbeneficial to the fishers. Plus, the inability of fisher to participate in determining the price attributes to the lack of political ability of fisher on this trade. Since ornamental fish fisher switched from using cyanide to catch fish with environmental friendly way as using, ecologically, they savor the benefits of this. Yet the absence of the state's roles in this cause new chaos. This research was qualitative in nature and collected primary and secondary data using a case approach. As the conclusion, fisher’s still being marginalized in politicized environment.
Keyword: political ecology, politicized environment, ornamental fish fisher, eco-labelling

Judul: Politik Seafood Savers Ikan Konsumsi Karang Hidup (Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Wakatobi, Sulawesi Tenggara)
Abstrak: Live reef food fish (LRFF) which is a commodity found in Wakatobi has emerged in the era of the 1992’s up to present. The commodities are an expansion phenomenon of a global fishery which is very dynamic. The dynamic trading on the LRFF has affected some problems which relate to an integrated factor linking to social, economy, ecology and policy making factors. These transboundary trading have involved several actors to engage into a global network live reef food fish commodity found from fisherman-middleman(coordinator)-exporters and consumers. The commodities have traded to be based on the assumption of the common property resources due to the open access which is embedded on the LRFF. The practices of the type of trading has effected to the overfishing that has lead to the decline of a fish stock. Moreover, this practice has impacted to the change of the structures of social production, the trading network and market policies. Seafood Savers has a respond to the market failure due to the degradation of the LRFF commodities. Seafood Savers program is a market instrument for LRFF management which is a sustainability orientation. The program of Seafood Savers is an important key to successful implementation of the responsibility fisheries practice on the LRFF in Wakatobi as being in a pilot project supervised by WWF Indonesia. This study used a qualitative approach with constructivism paradigm. This research also was conducted in the interaction with the political ecology and the intuitional analysis to contribute to the study of a sustainability policy on the LRFF. Results of this study indicate that there has been no significant change occurred in the use of the commoditization of live reef fish food. Politics of Seafood Savers have not been able to answer the problem of fishermen on the field. Seafood Savers comes as a power tool market is trying to shed the patron-client ties (Coordinator-fisherman) and tried to lift Seafood Savers policy to accommodate into the form of legal partnership working arrangements between market, state and community.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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