Judul: KeragamanMorfometrikIkanKembungLelaki (Rastrelligerkanagurta Cuvier, 1816) di WPP NRI 712 dalamPenentuanStruktur Stok
Abstrak: Morfologiikankembunglelaki (Rastrelligerkanagurta Cuvier, 1816) dapatberubahsebagaibentukadaptasiterhadapperbedaankondisilingkungan. Oleh karenaitu, pada lokasi yang berbedaikankembungdidugamemilikikaraktermorfometrik yang berbeda. Penelitianinidilakukan padatigalokasi di WPP NRI 712 yang meliputiperairanLaut Cirebon, PulauLancang, serta Madura menggunakanmetodebaku dan truss network analysis. Analisishubunganpanjangbobot yang dilakukanmenunjukkanbahwaikankembunglelakimemilikipolapertumbuhanalometriknegatif. Hasil analisisklustermenunjukkanbahwastrukturstokikankembung di WPP NRI 712 terbagimenjadiduakelompokdengansepuluhkarakterpembeda pada metodebaku dan 32karakterpembeda pada metodetruss network analysis. Adapunanalisisdiskriminanmemperlihatkanbahwapopulasiikankembung di perairanLaut Cirebon dan PulauLancangmemilikisinggunganpopulasi. Ikan kembung lelaki di WPP 712 memiliki karakter morfometrik yang berbeda-bedasertaterdapat potensi adanya lebih dari satu unit stok ikan kembung lelaki di WPP 712.
Keyword: identifikasistok, indian mackerel, perbedaan lingkungan

Judul: Keragaman Morfometrik Ikan Kembung Lelaki Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier, 1816) di WPP-NRI 572 dan 573 Untuk Pengelolaan Perikanan
Abstrak: Ikan kembung lelaki (Rastrelliger kanagurta) merupakan salah satu spesies ikan yang banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat khususnya di WPP-NRI 572 dan 573 sehingga perlu adanya pengetahuan unit stok sebagai dasar pengelolaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keragaman karakter morfometrik ikan kembung lelaki R. kanagurta (Cuvier, 1816) di perairan Labuan (WPP-NRI 572) Cilacap, dan Banyuwangi (WPP-NRI 573) guna mengetahui variasi unit stok atau sub-populasi. Hubungan panjang bobot ikan kembung lelaki yang berasal dari Labuan dan Banyuwangi memiliki pola pertumbuhan alometrik positif, sedangkan ikan kembung lelaki dari Cilacap memiliki pola pertumbuhan alometrik negatif. Perbandingan karakter morfometrik pada metode baku dan Truss Network Analysis menunjukkan adanya perbedaan karakter morfometrik. Analisis tingkat kemiripan menunjukkan populasi yang berasal dari Banyuwangi terpisah dari lokasi lainnya. Analisis pengklasifikasian karakter morfometrik dengan metode baku menunjukkan percampuran populasi dari ketiga lokasi, namun dengan Truss Network Analysis hanya dari Banyuwangi yang terpisah. Adanya keragaman karakter morfometrik ikan kembung lelaki di WPP-NRI 572 dan 573 dapat diduga berpotensi lebih dari satu unit stok khususnya di WPP-NRI 573, sehingga perlu dilakukan pengelolaan perikanan yang sama di Labuan (WPP-NRI 572) dengan Cilacap (WPP-NRI 573) dan berbeda dengan Banyuwangi., Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) is one of the fish species that is widely used by the community, especially in FMA-RI 572 and 573 so it is necessary to have knowledge of stock units as a base for management. This research aims to analyze the diversity of morphometric characters of Indian mackerel R. kanagurta (Cuvier, 1816) in Labuan waters (FMA-RI 572), Cilacap and Banyuwangi (FMA-RI 573) to determine variations in stock units or sub-populations. The length-weight relationship of Indian mackerel from Labuan and Banyuwangi had positive allometric growth pattern, while Indian mackerel from Cilacap had negative allometric growth pattern. Comparison of morphometric characters in conventional and Truss Network Analysis methods showed there are some differences in morphometric characters. The analysis of similarity level showed population from Banyuwangi was separate from other locations. The analysis of morphometric character classification with standard method showed populations of the three locations were mixed, but with Truss Network Analysis only from Banyuwangi were separated. The diversity of Indian mackerel morphometric characters in FMA-RI 572 and 573 can be assumed to be potentially more than one stock unit especially in FMA-RI 573, so it is necessary to do the same fisheries management in Labuan (FMA-RI 572) with Cilacap (FMA-RI573) and different from Banyuwangi.
Keyword: Indian mackerel (R. kanagurta), morphometric, stock unit

Judul: Sintesis Flavon dari Fenol dan Benzoil Klorida
Abstrak: Flavone is a class of flavonoid, commonly found in plants with wide bioactivity spectrum. A widely used flavone synthesis route is through acidcatalyzed oxidative cyclization of β-diketone. In this study, unsubstituted flavone had been synthesized via 5-step from phenol, with 22% yield and successfully increased the yield of previous study on Fries rearrangement of phenyl acetate and benzoylation of o-HAP steps. Phenol was acetylated resulting 93% phenyl acetate. AlCl3-catalyzed Fries rearrangement in 1.5 hour and at 120 °C converted phenyl acetate into o-hydroxyacetophenone (o-HAP) with 40% yield. AlCl3 as catalyst produced o-HAP with higher and reproducible yield compared with BF3·Et2O and ZnCl2. Benzoylation of o-HAP followed by Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement of the ester product using KOH in dried pyridine produced β-diketone 1-(2- hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropane-1,3-dione. The yield of ester and β-diketone were 71% and 85%, respectively. Finally, oxidative cyclization of β-diketone with sulphuric acid as catalyst produced 99% of flavone. The flavone product had been characterized spectroscopically and its melting point as well.
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