Judul: Turtle Conservation on Pramuka Island that Involves the Community
Abstrak: Penyu merupakan hewan yang dilindungi karena populasinya terancam punah. Pulau Pramuka merupakan salah satu habitat bertelur dan habitat pakan bagi penyu sisik (Eretmochelys imbricata). Kelestarian penyu sisik di Pulau Pramuka terancam karena adanya gangguan alami maupun gangguan oleh manusia. Oleh karena itu, masyarakat memiliki peran penting dalam pelestarian penyu. Penelitian ini bertujuan merumuskan strategi pengembangan konservasi penyu di Pulau Pramuka berdasarkan aspek ekologi, sosial, dan ekonomi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober-Desember 2023 di Pulau Pramuka. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Pemilihan responden dilakukan dengan teknik accidental sampling. Hasil penelitian didapatkan sebagian besar masyarakat setuju bahwa penyu merupakan satwa yang terancam punah, dilindungi, dan perlu dilestarikan. Partisipasi masyarakat di tahap perencanaan dan pelaksanaan sudah baik, namun di tahap monitoring dan evaluasi kurang baik. Strategi yang dapat dilakukan untuk pengembangan konservasi penyu di Pulau Pramuka yaitu peningkatan kesadaran peran masyarakat dalam perlindungan penyu, pelibatan masyarakat dalam pengembangan ekowisata berbasis konservasi penyu, dan meningkatkan penegakan hukum serta pengawasan terhadap aktivitas yang merugikan penyu. Kata kunci: Konservasi, Masyarakat, Penyu, Pulau Pramuka, Sea turtles are protected animals because their populations are threatened with extinction. Pramuka Island is one of the nesting and feeding habitats for hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata). The sustainability of hawksbill turtles on Pramuka Island is threatened by natural and human disturbances. Therefore, the community has an important role in sea turtle conservation. This study aims to formulate a turtle conservation development strategy in Pramuka Island based on ecological, social, and economic aspects. The research was conducted from October to December 2023 on Pramuka Island. The method used in this research was quantitative descriptive method. Respondents were selected using accidental sampling technique. The results showed that most people agreed that sea turtles were endangered, protected, and need to be preserved. Community participation in the planning and implementation stages was good, but in the monitoring and evaluation stages was not good. Strategies that could be carried out for the development of sea turtle conservation on Pramuka Island were increasing awareness of the role of the community in protecting sea turtles, involving the community in developing ecotourism based on sea turtle conservation, and increasing law enforcement and supervision of activities that harm sea turtles. Keywords: Community, Conservation, Pramuka Island, Sea Turtle
Keyword: Sea Turtle, Pramuka Island, Conservation, Community

Judul: Co-Management-Based Turtle Conservation Area Management on Pangumbahan Beach, Sukabumi, West Java
Abstrak: Penyu merupakan hewan reptil yang hidup di laut dan biasanya bertelur di kawasan pesisir serta keberadaannya telah lama terancam, baik karena faktor alam maupun faktor manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pemangku kepentingan berdasarkan tingkat kepentingan dan pengaruh serta menganalisis konsep pengelolaan berbasis co-management terhadap pengelolaan kawasan konservasi penyu di Pantai Pangumbahan, Kabupaten Sukabumi, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif serta pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam (in depth-interview). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua belas stakeholder yang teridentifikasi berdasarkan tingkat kepentingan dan pengaruh, baik dari kelompok masyarakat maupun pemerintah. Berdasarkan analisis pengelolaan co-management, konservasi penyu di Pantai Pangumbahan memiliki tipe pengelolaan consultative yaitu adanya dialog antara pemerintah dan masyarakat serta pemerintah mulai mempertimbangkan pandangan dari masyarakat pesisir Pantai Pangumbahan. Perlu dilakukan edukasi kepada masyarakat terkait penyu dan pengelolaannya, peningkatan kapasitas pengelolaan kepada masyarakat, serta peningkatan kapasitas monitoring masyarakat dan pengembangan pola monitoring dan evaluasi partisipatif., Sea turtles are reptiles that live in the sea and usually lay eggs in coastal areas and their existence has long been threatened, both due to natural and human factors. This study aims to identify stakeholders based on the level of importance and influence and analyze the concept of co-management based on the management of sea turtle conservation areas in Pangumbahan Beach, Sukabumi Regency, West Java. This research is qualitative in nature and data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews. The results showed that twelve stakeholders were identified based on the level of importance and influence, both from the community and government. Based on the co-management analysis, sea turtle conservation in Pangumbahan Beach has a consultative management type, where there is a dialog between the government and the community and the government has begun to consider the views of the coastal community of Pangumbahan Beach. It is necessary to educate the community regarding sea turtles and their management, increase management capacity to the community, as well as increase community monitoring capacity and develop participatory monitoring and evaluation patterns.
Keyword: Penyu, stakeholder, kawasan konservasi perairan, co-management

Judul: Sintesis Flavon dari Fenol dan Benzoil Klorida
Abstrak: Flavone is a class of flavonoid, commonly found in plants with wide bioactivity spectrum. A widely used flavone synthesis route is through acidcatalyzed oxidative cyclization of β-diketone. In this study, unsubstituted flavone had been synthesized via 5-step from phenol, with 22% yield and successfully increased the yield of previous study on Fries rearrangement of phenyl acetate and benzoylation of o-HAP steps. Phenol was acetylated resulting 93% phenyl acetate. AlCl3-catalyzed Fries rearrangement in 1.5 hour and at 120 °C converted phenyl acetate into o-hydroxyacetophenone (o-HAP) with 40% yield. AlCl3 as catalyst produced o-HAP with higher and reproducible yield compared with BF3·Et2O and ZnCl2. Benzoylation of o-HAP followed by Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement of the ester product using KOH in dried pyridine produced β-diketone 1-(2- hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropane-1,3-dione. The yield of ester and β-diketone were 71% and 85%, respectively. Finally, oxidative cyclization of β-diketone with sulphuric acid as catalyst produced 99% of flavone. The flavone product had been characterized spectroscopically and its melting point as well.
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