Judul: Pramuka Island’s vulnerability based on shoreline changes
Abstrak: Pulau Pramuka sebagai ibukota Kepulauan Seribu banyak menghadapi tantangan perubahan garis pantai oleh kegiatan antropogenik. Pembangunan kembali pelabuhan, reklamasi pantai, pengecoran jalan, pembuatan tanggul erosi, dan rehabilitasi ekosistem pesisir yang dilakukan dapat mengindikasikan adanya penambahan maupun penurunan garis pantai ke arah perairan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menilai tingkat kerentanan pulau berdasarkan perubahan garis pantai dan faktor yang mempengaruhi, serta langkah yang tepat untuk mengelolanya. Data garis pantai diambil dari tahun 2002, 2007, 2012, 2017, dan 2022 menggunakan citra satelit Landsat. Dilakukan digitasi pada layar setiap tahun dan ditumpuk menjadi satu untuk dibuat transek penelitian. Penilaian tingkat kerentanan pulau dilakukan dengan penginderaan jarak jauh dengan metode Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) yang kemudian hasilnya disesuaikan dengan matriks CVI. Dilakukan ground check untuk membandingkan keadaan pulau di citra satelit dengan keadaan sebenarnya berdasarkan tipologi pantai, LULC, dan ekosistem pesisir. Penilaian ini bisa menjadi acuan untuk dapat mengetahui perubahan yang terjadi, penyebab terjadinya perubahan, serta cara mengatasi perubahan yang membuat pulau memiliki tingkat kerentanan yang tinggi atau sebaliknya. Pulau Pramuka mengalami akresi dan berstatus kerentanan sedang selama 20 tahun. Land use dan land cover serta ekosistem pesisir menjadi faktor yang mempengaruhi, sehingga kondisi ekosistem yang ada di sekitar perlu diberikan perhatian khusus., Pramuka Island as the capital of the Thousand Islands faces many challenges of coastline change by anthropogenic activities. Revitalization of the harbor, coastal reclamation, road casting, erosion embankment, and coastal ecosystem rehabilitation can indicate an increase or decrease in the coastline towards the waters. The purpose of this study is to assess the level of vulnerability of islands based on changes in the shoreline and influencing factors, as well as the best steps to manage them. Coastline data was taken from 2002, 2007, 2012, 2017, and 2022 using Landsat satellite imagery. It is digitized on screen every year and layered together to make the transects. The assessment of the vulnerability level of the island was carried out by remote sensing using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) method, which then the results were adjusted to the CVI matrix. Ground checks were carried out to compare the condition of the island in the satellite image with the actual situation based on the typology of the coast, LULC, and coastal ecosystems. This assessment can be a reference to find out the changes that occur, the causes of the changes, and how to overcome changes that make the island have a high level of vulnerability or vice versa. Pramuka Island has experienced accretion and has been in moderate vulnerability status for 20 years. Land use and land cover as well as coastal ecosystems are the influencing factors, so the condition of the surrounding ecosystem needs to be observed attentively.
Keyword: Pulau Pramuka, kerentanan pulau, garis pantai, digital shoreline analysis system, citra satelit, Pramuka Island, island's vulnerability, satellite imagery, shoreline

Judul: Analisis Kerentanan Pulau Tidung berdasarkan Perubahan Garis Pantai
Abstrak: Pulau- pulau kecil memiliki tingkat kerentanan yang tinggi berdasarkan karakteristik yang dimiliki. Beberapa pulau kecil di Kepulauan Seribu mengalami kerentanan yang disebabkan oleh perubahan garis pantai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis status kerentanan Pulau Tidung berdasarkan perubahan garis pantai serta menilai hubungan land use/ land cover (LULC) dan ekosistem pesisir dengan perubahan garis pantai. Analisis data terdiri atas pengolahan citra satelit Landsat, analisis laju perubahan garis pantai menggunakan digital shoreline analysis system (DSAS), penilaian kerentanan, dan uji regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pulau Tidung memiliki tingkat kerentanan sedang pada rentang analisis tahun 1913 hingga 2023. Perubahan garis pantai di Pulau Tidung besar lebih banyak mengalami erosi, sedangkan Tidung Kecil lebih banyak mengalami akresi. LULC dan ekosistem pesisir berpengaruh pada perubahan garis pantai sebesar 25,72%. Strategi adaptasi yang diusulkan untuk Pulau Tidung adalah pengembangan kawasan konservasi laut dengan rehabilitasi ekosistem pesisir guna mencegah terjadinya kemunduran garis pantai dan menekan tingkat kerentanan di Pulau Tidung., The small islands have a high vulnerability level based on their characteristics. Several small islands in the Thousand Islands experience vulnerability due to changes in the coastline. This study aims to analyze the vulnerability status of Tidung Island based on changes in the coastline and assess the relationship between land use/ land cover (LULC) and coastal ecosystem with changes in the coastline. The data analysis consists of Landsat satellite image processing, coastline change rate analysis using digital shoreline analysis system (DSAS), vulnerability assessment, and correlation testing. The results show Tidung Islands has a moderate level of vulnerability in the analysis range of 1913 to 2023. The coastline changes on Tidung Besar Island mostly experience erosion, while Tidung Kecil Island experiences more accretion. LULC and coastal ecosystems influence shoreline changes by 25,72%. The proposed adaptation strategy for Tidung Islands is the development of marine conservation areas with coastal ecosystem rehabilitation to prevent coastline retreat and reduce vulnerability levels on Tidung Islands.
Keyword: vulnerability, LULC, coastline changes, coastal ecosystem

Judul: Sintesis Flavonol melalui 2’-Hidroksikalkon
Abstrak: Flavonol is a class of flavonoids commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Flavonol is very useful, especially in food sector and health. In this study, flavonol unsubstituted was successfully synthesized from an intermediate material 2’-hydroxychalcone. The 2’-hydroxychalcone was synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation method between o-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde using 4 different catalysts, namely KOH 60%, solid pellet of KOH-grinding technique, BF3-Et2O, and NaH in DMF. The KOH 60% was the best catalyst, giving the highest yield (57%). Afterward, the flavonol was synthesized in 1-stage oxidation cyclization of o-hydroxyacetophenone using Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction, giving 76%. The flavonol total yield from 2’-hydroxychalcone was 43%. All synthesized products were characterized by their melting points and their spectra. The success of the synthesis flavonol opens the way to synthesis of useful flavonol derivatives such as quercetin and kaempferol
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