Judul: Efektivitas krim kitosan dari endoskeleton cumi (Loligo sp.) dan kolagen ikan pada persembuhan luka diabetes tikus Sprague Dawley
Abstrak: Luka diabetes yang tidak sembuh dapat meningkatkan faktor resiko infeksi dan menjadi penyebab utama dilakukannya tindakan amputasi. Penatalaksanaan luka yang tepat merupakan salah satu faktor yang mendukung proses persembuhan luka. Kitosan bermanfaat dalam mempercepat penyembuhan luka (wound healing) dan mampu meningkatkan proliferasi fibroblas sekaligus sebagai antibakteri. Kolagen mempunyai kemampuan antara lain homeostasis, interaksi dengan trombosit dan fibronektin, meningkatkan eksudasi cairan dan fibroplasia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pemanfaatan kitosan dan kolagen menjadi sediaan krim yang memiliki manfaat sebagai agen penyembuh luka diabetes. Sediaan krim dibuat dengan perbandingan konsentrasi kitosan dan kolagen (2:1 1:2; 1:1; dan 0%). Hasil pengamatan makroskopis dan mikroskopis menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan terbaik terdapat pada sediaan krim (A) kitosan dan kolagen (2:1). Hasil secara makroskopis (patologi anatomi) kondisi luka pemberian krim (A) memiliki kondisi luka yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan luka lainnya. Secara mikroskopis hasil sampling ke-2 pada hari ke-7 perlakuan pemberian krim (A) sudah masuk dalam tahap maturasi awal. Maturasi adalah tahap terakhir dalam fase penyembuhan luka….
Keyword: Kitosan, Kolagen, Krim, Luka Diabetes, Fish collagen, Fungsi kolagen, Trombosit, Diabetic, Cuka diabetes

Judul: Effectiveness of Pangasius sp. Skin Collagen Extract in Accelerating Burn Healing in Mice (Mus musculus) In Vivo
Abstrak: Penyembuhan luka bakar menggunakan ekstrak kolagen dari kulit ikan sedang mengalami trend. Pada penelitian ini yang digunakan adalah ekstrak kolagen kulit ikan patin (Pangasius sp). Uji in vitro menunjukkan ekstrak kolagen kulit ikan patin memiliki sifat anti-inflamasi yang menjanjikan dalam pengobatan, namun belum ada yang fokus pada uji in vivo. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode in vivo untuk menentukan efektivitas ekstrak kolagen kulit ikan patin dalam mempercepat penyembuhan luka bakar derajat II pada mencit. Ekstrak gel kolagen kulit ikan patin dibagi menjadi dua konsentrasi, yaitu 10% dan 15% dengan menggunakan Bioplacenton® sebagai kontrol positif dan kontrol tanpa perlakuan apapun. Data penelitian diukur menggunakan software Image J dan dianalisis menggunakan Rstudio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak gel kolagen kulit ikan patin konsentrasi 15% memiliki efektivitas yang sama dengan Bioplacenton® dalam mempercepat penyembuhan luka bakar derajat II yang ditandai dengan berkurangnya luas area luka bakar yang berbeda secara signifikan dari kelompok kontrol (p=6.10-1). Hasil histopatologi pada hari ke 14 pasca luka, untuk semua kelompok perlakuan telah mencapai tahap maturasi yang ditandai dengan terbentuknya epitel kulit yang hampir sempurna, sel-sel radang yang mulai berkurang, dan adanya pelengkap kulit. Berbeda dengan pembentukan jaringan epitel pada kelompok kontrol yang masih terlihat terbuka dan belum ditemukannya pelengkap kulit. Namun, secara statistik tidak menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan antar kelompok pada setiap hari pengamatan (p>0.05). Sedangkan pengamatan histokimia menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan luasan kolagen antara kelompok kontrol dengan kelompok kontrol positif (p=0.04) dan yang diberikan kolagen 15% (p=0.03) pada hari ke-14. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengunaan ekstrak gel kolagen kulit ikan patin mampu mencegah terjadinya hemoragi, mengurangi peradangan, mempercepat reepitelisasi, dan memproduksi matriks ekstraseluler (ECM)., Healing burns using collagen extract from fish skin is becoming a trend. This research used the skin collagen extract of Pangasius sp. In vitro tests show Pangasius sp. skin collagen extract has promising anti-inflammatory properties in medicine, but people have yet to focus on in vivo tests. Therefore, this study used in vivo methods to determine the effectiveness of Pangasius sp. skin collagen extract in accelerating the healing of second-degree burns in mice. Pangasius sp. skin collagen gel extract was divided into two concentrations, such as 10% and 15%, using Bioplacenton® as a positive control and a control without any treatment. Research data was measured using Image J software and analyzed using Rstudio. The results showed that Pangasius sp. skin collagen gel extract with a concentration of 15% had the same effectiveness as Bioplacenton® in accelerating the healing of second-degree burns, which was characterized by a reduction in the area of the burn, which was significantly different from the control group (p=6.10-1). The histopathology results on day 14 after injury, for all treatment groups, had reached the maturation stage, characterized by the formation of almost perfect skin epithelium, inflammatory cells starting to decrease, and the presence of skin appendages. This differs from the epithelial tissue formation in the control group, which still looks open, and no skin appendages have been found. However, statistically, there were no significant differences between groups on each day of observation (p>0.05). Meanwhile, histochemical observations
Keyword: ikan patin (Pangasius sp.), kolagen, kulit, luka bakar, mencit (Mus musculus)

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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