Judul: The Main Pest of Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) in East Belitung Regency, Bangka Belitung
Abstrak: Lada (Piper nigrum) merupakan salah satu jenis rempah-rempah yang tak asing bagi masyarakat Indonesia dan banyak ditanam di daerah Indonesia. Lada banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat Indonesia sebagai salah satu komponen bumbu masakan tradisional. Kabupaten Belitung Timur merupakan salah satu sentra tanaman lada di Provinsi Bangka Belitung. Budi daya tanaman lada memiliki faktor pembatas yaitu permasalahan hama dan penyakit yang mengganggu produktivitas tanaman lada. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis hama utama yang menyerang tanaman lada serta mengetahui tingkat serangan hama utama pada tanaman lada di Kabupaten Belitung Timur. Penelitian dilakukan mulai Januari 2020 hingga Maret 2020 di dua kecamatan, masing-masing kecamatan terdiri atas tiga kebun sehingga total kebun yang digunakan sebanyak enam kebun. Tanaman contoh yang digunakan untuk pengamatan sebanyak 10 tanaman contoh per kebun yang ditentukan dengan pola diagonal, sehingga total tanaman contoh sebanyak 60 tanaman. Hama utama yang menyerang tanaman lada yaitu hama pengisap buah (Dasynus piperis), hama pengisap bunga (Diconocoris hewetti), dan hama penggerek batang lada (Lophobaris piperis). Intensitas kerusakan biji per tandan tertinggi ditemukan di Kecamatan Gantung (24.9%), dan terendah di Kecamatan Kelapa Kampit (6.3%). Populasi D. piperis tertinggi terdapat di Kecamatan Kelapa Kampit (17.0 individu/10 tanaman), dan populasi terendah di Kecamatan Gantung (6.3 individu/10 tanaman). Populasi tertinggi D. hewetti sebesar 2.7 individu/10 tanaman terdapat di Kecamatan Kelapa Kampit dan populasi terendah di Kecamatan Gantung sebesar 0.3 individu/10 tanaman. Populasi tertinggi L. piperis sebesar 3.0 individu/10 tanaman terdapat di Kecamatan Gantung dan terendah (0 individu/10 tanaman) di Kecamatan Kelapa Kampit., Pepper (Piper nigrum) is a well-known spice that is widely grown various parts of Indonesia. East Belitung Regency is one of the pepper planting centers in Bangka Belitung Province. Pepper cultivation has limiting factors such as pest and disease problems that reduce the productivity of pepper plants. This study aims to determine the main pests that attack pepper plants and determine the level of damage and population in East Belitung Regency. The study was conducted from January to March 2020. Two districts that have the most pepper plants were selected, and in each district was selected one village with three pepper plantations. In each plantation, ten pepper plants were selected diagonally. Observations were made five times at two weeks intervals. The main pests found were Dasynus piperis (Hemiptera: Coreidae), Diconocoris hewetti (Hemiptera: Tingidae), and Lophobaris piperis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). The highest level of seed damage per bunch was in Gantung District (24.9%), and the lowest was in Kelapa Sampit (6.3%). The highest population of D. piperis was in Kelapa Kampit District (17.0 individuals/ 10 plants), and the lowest population was in Gantung District (6.3 individuals/ 10 plants). The highest population of D. hewetti was in Kelapa Kampit District (2.7 individuals/10 plants), and the lowest was in Gantung District (0.3 individual/ 10 plants). The highest population of L. piperis was in Gantung District (3.0 individuals/10 plants), and the lowest (0 individual/10 plants) was in Kelapa Kampit District.
Keyword: attack intensity, pest observation, pest population

Judul: Potensi Sebaran Hama Penggerek Batang dan Penyakit Busuk Pangkal Batang Lada di Kabupaten Lampung Utara
Abstrak: Lada adalah salah satu komoditas ekspor Indonesia di bidang perkebunan mengalami penurunan hasil yang salah satunya dapat disebabkan oleh faktor serangan hama dan penyakit. Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan hama dan penyakit salah satunya dapat dipengaruhi iklim suatu daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis potensi sebaran hama penggerek batang (Lophobaris piperis) dan penyakit busuk pangkal batang lada (Phytophthora capsici) berdasarkan nilai Ecoclimatic Index (EI), serta mengetahui potensi kerugian akibat hama penggerek batang (Lophobaris piperis) dan penyakit busuk pangkal batang lada (Phytophthora capsici) di Kabupaten Lampung Utara. Ecoclimatic Index (EI) merupakan luaran Model Climex berdasarkan karakteristik fisik spesies dan faktor iklim Kabupaten Lampung Utara pada tahun 2009-2018. Nilai EI hama penggerek batang dan penyakit busuk pangkal batang lada tergolong sesuai hingga sangat sesuai. Potensi sebaran tertinggi hama penggerek batang dan penyakit busuk pangkal batang lada berlokasi di Kecamatan Sungkai Jaya. Potensi sebaran terendah hama penggerek batang berlokasi di Kecamatan Kotabumi Selatan dan penyakit busuk pangkal batang lada berlokasi di Kecamatan Kotabumi Selatan dan Abung Tinggi. Secara umum, potensi sebaran bulanan hama penggerek batang dan penyakit busuk pangkal batang lada memiliki pola yang sama, dimana pola fluktuasi bulanan tinggi pada musim hujan. Potensi kerugian hasil lada berbanding lurus dengan luas serangan hama penggerek batang dan penyakit busuk pangkal batang lada. Serangan yang tinggi dapat menyebabkan kerugian hasil yang tinggi., Pepper is one of Indonesia's agricultural export commodities, which has been experiencing a decrease in yield, partly due to factors such as pest and disease attacks. The growth and development of pests and diseases can be influenced by the climate of an area. This study aims to analyse the potential distribution of pepper stem borer pest (Lophobaris piperis) and pepper stem base rot disease (Phytophthora capsici) based on the Ecoclimatic Index (EI) value, and determine the potential losses due to pepper stem borer pest (Lophobaris piperis) and pepper stem base rot disease (Phytophthora capsici) in North Lampung Regency. Ecoclimatic Index (EI) is the output of the Climex Model based on the physical characteristics of species and climatic factors of North Lampung Regency in 2009-2018. The EI values of pepper stem borer pests and pepper stem base rot disease are classified as suitable to highly suitable. The highest potential distribution of pepper stem borer pests and pepper stem base rot disease is located in Sungkai Jaya sub-district. The lowest potential distribution of pepper stem borer pests is located in Kotabumi Selatan sub-district and pepper stem base rot disease is located in Kotabumi Selatan and Abung Tinggi sub-districts. In general, the potential monthly distribution of stem borer pests and pepper stem base rot disease has the same pattern, where the monthly fluctuation pattern is high in the rainy season. The potential yield loss of pepper is directly proportional to the extent of pepper stem borer infestation and pepper stem base rot disease. High infestation can lead to high yield losses.
Keyword: Black Pepper, Climex, Ecoclimatic Index, Lophobaris Piperis, Phytophthora Capsici

Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4