Judul: Analysis of Coastline Changes Using Sentinel 2A Imagery in the Coastal Area of West Pandeglang, Banten
Abstrak: Wilayah pesisir barat Kabupaten Pandeglang mengalami perubahan garis pantai yang disebabkan oleh faktor parameter hidro-oseanografi maupun aktifitas manusia. Pengamatan perubahan garis pantai dapat dilihat dengan nyata dan secara tidak langsung melalui penginderaan jauh. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi dan memetakan perubahan garis pantai di pesisir barat, Kabupaten Pandeglang, Banten. Ekstraksi garis pantai citra satelit Sentinel 2A menggunakan Tasseled Cap dan Perhitungan garis pantai menggunakan metode Digital Shoreline Analysis system (DSAS) serta pengambilan data lapang menggunakan GCP. Hasil analisis perubahan garis pantai cenderung lebih dominan mengalami abrasi dibandingkan dengan akresi. Abrasi terbesar terjadi di Desa Sidamukti sebesar 26.65 meter/tahun dan Akresi terbesar terjadi di Desa Sukajadi sebesar 24.92 m/tahun. Perbandingan kategori perubahan garis pantai dapat menggambarkan daerah yang rawan terkena gelombang besar sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai pengalaman sekaligus pengetahuan untuk masyarakat Kabupaten Pandeglang. Kajian penelitian perubahan garis pantai penting dilakukan sebagai acuan dalam pembangunan wilayah pesisir dan pelabuhan, pariwisata, serta budidaya, Shoreline changes on the west coast of Pandeglang Regency are caused by hydro-oceanographic parameters and human activities. These changes can be observed through remote sensing. The research aims to identify and map these changes. The shoreline of a Sentinel 2A satellite image was extracted using the Tasseled Cap method. The shoreline was then calculated using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) method and field data collected using Ground Control Points (GCP). The analysis of shoreline changes indicates a dominance of abrasion over accretion. The most significant abrasion occurred in Sidamukti Village at a rate of 26.65 metres per year, while the largest accretion occurred in Sukajadi Village at a rate of 24.92 metres per year. The comparison of categories of shoreline change can indicate areas that are susceptible to large waves. This information can be used to provide both experience and knowledge to the people of Pandeglang Regency. The study of shoreline change is important as a reference for the development of coastal areas, harbours, tourism, and cultivation
Keyword: Abrasion, Accretion, DSAS, Sentinel 2A, Shoreline

Judul: Mapping of Coastline Changes in the Coastal of Bantul Regency Using Sentinel-2A Satellite Imagery
Abstrak: Pesisir merupakan wilayah yang kompleks akibat interaksi darat dan laut sehingga mudah mengalami perubahan secara fisik seperti perubahan garis pantai. Perubahan garis pantai penting diketahui untuk kajian pengelolaan kawasan pesisir, pemodelan pesisir, studi akresi-abrasi, serta analisis wilayah bahaya. Penelitian bertujuan memetakan dan menghitung laju perubahan garis pantai di Kabupaten Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta menggunakan citra Sentinel-2A pada tahun 2017, 2018 dan 2021. Metode digital shoreline analysis system (DSAS) digunakan untuk menghitung perubahan garis pantai secara statistik maupun geospasial. Lokasi penelitian terbagi menjadi 15 sub-zona dimana abrasi tertinggi terjadi pada Desa Parangtritis bagian timur (Sub-zona E3) dengan laju perubahan garis pantai mencapai -10,03 m/tahun. Abrasi dipengaruhi landainya kondisi pantai, gelombang dengan tinggi mencapai 2,39 m dan arus dengan kecepatan mencapai 0,24 m/s yang menggerus garis pantai serta tidak adanya penghalang di kawasan pantai. Akresi tertinggi terjadi di Desa Parangtritis bagian barat (Sub-zona E1) dengan laju perubahan garis pantai mencapai 9,20 m/tahun. Akresi dipengaruhi material sedimen dari darat yang mengendap dan menambah area garis pantai serta bergeraknya pasir oleh angin di sekitar gumuk pasir., Coastal is a complex area due to land and sea interactions so that it is easy to experience physical changes such as changes in coastlines. Coastline changes are important to know for coastal area management studies, coastal modeling, accretion-abrasion studies, and hazard area analysis. The study aimed to map and calculate the rate of change in coastlines in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region using Sentinel-2A imagery on 2017, 2018 and 2021. The digital shoreline analysis system (DSAS) method used to calculate shoreline changes statistically and geospatially. The research location divided into 15 sub-zones where the highest abrasion occured in east Parangtritis Village (E3 sub-zone) with a coastline change rate of -10,03 m/year. Abrasion influenced by gentle coastal conditions, waves with a height of 2.39 m and currents with a speed of 0.24 m/s which erodes the coastline and there is no barrier in the coastal area. The highest accretion occurred in west Parangtritis Village (E1 sub-zone) with a coastline change 9,20 m/year. Accretion influenced by sedimentary material from land that settled and added to the coastline area and the movement of sand by the wind around the sand dune.
Keyword: abrasi, akresi, DSAS, Kabupaten Bantul, abrasion, accretion, Bantul Regency

Judul: Sintesis Flavon dari Fenol dan Benzoil Klorida
Abstrak: Flavone is a class of flavonoid, commonly found in plants with wide bioactivity spectrum. A widely used flavone synthesis route is through acidcatalyzed oxidative cyclization of β-diketone. In this study, unsubstituted flavone had been synthesized via 5-step from phenol, with 22% yield and successfully increased the yield of previous study on Fries rearrangement of phenyl acetate and benzoylation of o-HAP steps. Phenol was acetylated resulting 93% phenyl acetate. AlCl3-catalyzed Fries rearrangement in 1.5 hour and at 120 °C converted phenyl acetate into o-hydroxyacetophenone (o-HAP) with 40% yield. AlCl3 as catalyst produced o-HAP with higher and reproducible yield compared with BF3·Et2O and ZnCl2. Benzoylation of o-HAP followed by Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement of the ester product using KOH in dried pyridine produced β-diketone 1-(2- hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropane-1,3-dione. The yield of ester and β-diketone were 71% and 85%, respectively. Finally, oxidative cyclization of β-diketone with sulphuric acid as catalyst produced 99% of flavone. The flavone product had been characterized spectroscopically and its melting point as well.
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