Judul: Kualitas Semen Cair Domba dalam Pengencer Skim Susu dengan Penambahan Melatonin sebagai Antioksidan
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan melatonin sebagai antioksidan dalam pengencer susu skim terhadap kualitas semen cair domba jantan yang disimpan pada suhu 4°C. Semen ejakulasi dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode vagina buatan (MVB) dan diikuti dengan evaluasi mikroskopis. Semen dengan motilitas sebesar ≥70% diencerkan pada susu skim (SM), susu skim yang disuplementasi dengan 0,5 mM melatonin (SM + M0,5), susu skim yang disuplementasi dengan 1 mM melatonin (SM + M1) dan susu skim yang disuplementasi dengan 2 mM melatonin (SM + M2). Semua sampel semen diawetkan dalam suhu 4°C selama 5 hari (D0 sampai D4) dan dievaluasi setiap 24 jam. Parameter yang diamati adalah kemajuan gerak motilitas, viabilitas, abnormalitas dan membran plasma utuh sperma. Data dianalisis menggunakanuji one way ANOVA dan uji lanjut menggunakan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan nyata di kualitas semen pada D0 (P>0,05). Melatonin tidak mempunyai efek terhadap kualitas semen domba yang dipreservasi selama beberapa hari dalam pengencer., This study aimed to evaluate the effect of adding melatonin as an antioxidant in skim milk diluent on the quality of liquid ram semen stored at 4oC. Ejaculated semen was collected using the artificial vaginal method (AVB) and followed by microscopic evaluation. Semen with motility of ≥70% were grouped with different melatonin concentration: skim milk (SM), skim milk supplemented with 0.5 mM melatonin (SM + M0.5), skim milk supplemented with 1 mM melatonin (SM + M1) and skim milk supplemented with 2 mM melatonin (SM + M2). All semen samples were preserved at 4°C for 5 days (D0 until D4) and evaluated every 24 hours. Parameters observed were the progress motility movement, viability, abnormalities, and plasma membrane integrity of sperm. Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA test and further tested using Duncan’s test. The results showed no significant difference in semen quality on D0 (P>0.05). Melatonin had no effect on the semen quality of sheep preserved for several days in diluent.
Keyword: antioxidant, ram, skim milk, melatonin, sperm

Judul: Pemeliharaan Kualitas Semen Cair Domba dalam Pengencer AndroMed dengan Penambahan Melatonin Sebagai Antioksidan
Abstrak: Oxidative stress during semen processing may cause damage to ram spermatozoa cells, resulting in decreased motility and plasma membrane integrity. Melatonin is an effective antioxidant in neutralizing reactive oxygen species and stimulating the activity of antioxidant enzymes to protect spermatozoa cells. The aim of this research is to evaluate the effect of melatonin supplementation at multiple concentrations on the quality preservation of chilled ram semen in an AndroMed diluent when stored at 4°C. Semen is collected from a sexually mature ram using an artificial vagina, followed by a microscopic evaluation. Viable semen samples with motility of >70% are divided into 4 experimental groups: AndroMed (A) as a control, AndroMed with 0.5 mM melatonin (A + M0.5), AndroMed with 1 mM melatonin (A + M1), and AndroMed with 2 mM melatonin (A + M2). All semen samples were preserved at 4°C for 4 days (D0-D4) and are evaluated every 24 hours. The semen evaluation parameters observed are motility, viability, abnormality, and plasma membrane integrity. The results show no significant changes of semen quality on D) (P>0.05). In general, experimental groups supplemented with melatonin showed better results as compared to the control. The supplementation of melatonin is able to protect and maintain the quality of chilled ram semen. Based on this study, results show that A + M0.5 is the best melatonin concentration addition to the AndroMed diluent, as indicated by higher values of the evaluated parameters when compared to the other experimental groups., Stres oksidatif selama pengolahan semen menyebabkan kerusakan membran plasma spermatozoa, mengakibatkan penurunan motilitas dan penurunan plasma membran utuh. Melatonin merupakan antioksidan yang efektif untuk menetralkan spesies oksigen reaktif dan merangsang aktivitas enzim antioksidan untuk melindungi sel spermatozoa. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh penambahan melatonin pada pengencer AndroMed terhadap kualitas semen cair domba yang disimpan pada suhu 4°C. Koleksi semen dilakukan dengan metode vagina buatan, kemudian semen dievaluasi secara mikroskopis. Semen dengan motilitas sebesar ≥70% diencerkan pada kelompok AndroMed (A), AndroMed dengan melatonin 0.5 mM (A + M0.5), AndroMed dengan melatonin 1 mM (A + M1), AndroMed dengan melatonin 2 mM (A + M2). Semen cair disimpan selama 5 hari (H0–H4) pada suhu 4 °C, kemudian dievaluasi kualitas semen setiap 24 jam. Parameter evaluasi semen berupa motilitas, viabilitas, abnormalitas, dan membran plasma utuh spermatozoa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kualitas semen cair tidak berbeda signifikan (P>0.05). Secara umum, penambahan melatonin memiliki hasil nilai yang lebih baik daripada kontrol. Penambahan melatonin mampu melindungi dan mempertahankan kualitas semen cair domba. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, kelompok pengencer A + M0.5 adalah perlakuan terbaik yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai dari parameter lebih tinggi daripada perlakuan lainnya.
Keyword: Andromed, Antioxidant, Melatonin, Ram, Spermatozoa

Judul: Kontraksi pola graf klausa Bahasa Indonesia menggunakan metode knowledge graph
Abstrak: Knowledge graph is a new method of knowledge representation. In principle, knowledge graph consists of concept and relationship. There are already rules of constructing wordgraphs of noun, verb, adverb, adjective, preposition, and phrase. However to be able to represent the meaning of Indonesian text we still need other rules to represent clause and sentence. This research is mainly focused on constructing a subordinative clause graph and building rules of subordinative clause graph formation. In this research, subordinative clause is classified by analyzing the subordinative relationship (time, condition, if-relation, purpose, consessive, resemblace, because-relation, result, way-relation, tool-relation, complementation, attributive, equative, and comparative) and the structure of clause (the combination of subject, predicate, object, complement, and description). After the result of constructing subordinative clause graph is analyzed and formulated, the subordinative clauses are classified based on the same conjunction graph pattern and clause structure graph pattern, and we get 13 conjunction graph patterns and 48 clause structure graph patterns for subordinative clause in Indonesian.
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