Judul: Study on the impact of climate variability on rice pest distribution and status shift in the Northern Coast of West Java
Abstrak: Every degree of earth temperature increasing will cause the life cycle of most insect pests to be speeded up. This equates to shorter time from egg hatching to full grown adult, thus creating larger pest populations. In the end, this will affect the distribution pattern and magnitude of pest invasion in the field. Brown plant hopper (BPH) and rice stem borer (RSB) are the two main types of rice pest that always gets attention from farmers due to the high damage caused by both pests. This study was aimed to analyze the impacts of climate variability on the distribution and pest status shifts of rice pests. An index of pest infestation was calculated to assest the status shift of a pest and a multiple regression technique was used to investigated the effect of climate variables on the magnitude of the pests (BPH and RSB) infestation. There was an increasing in earth temperature but a decreasing in precipitation in three districts of the Northern Coast of West Java during the period of 1990-2010. Contrary to the above two variables, the relative humidity was indicating a stable fluctuation over the period. Not all of the studied pests (Rats, BPH, RSB, and Leaffolder) indicated shifts in their status but only Rats and BPH did as the climate changed. Among the three climate variables, only the minimum temperature had a consistent effect on the infestation area of BPH and RSB. The infestation areas of BPH and RSB were increasing as the minimum temperature increased. The relative humidity had a similar but less consistent effect as the temperature effect on the pests infestation areas. The effect of precipitation on the pests infestation areas was not appearing to be significant in this study.
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Judul: Pengaruh Keragaman Iklim terhadap Serangan Empat Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan Utama Tanaman Padi Di Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Pada tanaman padi, terdapat 4 hama yang sering menurunkan produksinya yaitu hama penggerek batang padi (PBP), wereng batang coklat (WBC), hawar daun bakteri (HDB), dan blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cav.). Tingkat serangan keempat OPT tersebut sensitif terhadap perubahan suhu udara, kelembaban dan curah hujan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara keragaman ketiga variabel iklim terhadap luas serangan 4 hama utama padi di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder luas areal serangan hama padi dari Badan Perlindungan Pangan dan Hortikultura (BPTPH) dan data iklim (suhu, kelembaban, dan curah hujan) dari Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG) periode 1990 - 2018. Pengaruh keragaman iklim terhadap luas serangan 4 OPT utama diuji dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu udara memberikan kontribusi yang nyata terhadap peningkatan luas serangan keempat hama utama padi, sedangkan kelembapan relatif hanya memberikan kontribusi yang nyata terhadap peningkatan luas serangan blas dan curah hujan tidak memberikan kontribusi yang nyata terhadap perubahan luas serangan 4 hama tersebut., In rice crops, there are 4 pests that often reduce their production, namely rice stem borer (RSB), brown planthopper (BPH), bacterial leaf blight (BLB), and blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cav.). The invasion level of the four pests is sensitive to changes in air temperature, humidity and rainfall. This study was aimed to examine the relationship between the diversity of the three climate variables on the invasion area of the 4 main pests of rice in West Java Province. This research used secondary data on the area of rice pests invasion from the Food and Horticultural Protection Agency (BPTPH) and climate data (temperature, humidity and rainfall) from the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) in the period 1990 - 2018. The impact of climate variability on invasion area of 4 major rice pests was examined using a linear regression analysis. The results showed that air temperature contributed significantly to the increase in invasion area of the four main rice pests, while relative humidity only contribute significantly to the increase in invasion area of blast, and rainfall did not significantly contribute to changes in the invasion area of the four pests.
Keyword: climate change, regression linear analysis, rice pests

Judul: Membran Komposit Kitosan-Zeolit untuk Aplikasi Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
Abstrak: Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is a fuel cell that utilize methanol as the fuel source. The electrolyte membrane used in the DMFC system in this research was chitosan-zeolite composite membrane. The composite membrane was synthesized with chitosan-zeolite composition variation of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 2:1. The membranes were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope, and for the specific gravity. Membrane performances were tested with methanol uptake, methanol permeability, conductivity, and potential difference in the DMFC system. The FTIR spectrum showed no formation of new functional groups inducating that the composite membrane was a result of physical mixing. Morphological analysis showed that the membrane was nonporous. Chitosan-zeolite 1:3 composite membrane had the highest specific gravity and methanol uptake, 1.4226 g/mL and 41.44%, respectively. The highest proton conductivity was showed by the 1:2 chitosanzeolite composite membrane, namely 7.2946× 10-7 S/cm. Based on this research results, chitosan-zeolite composite membrane can be applied in DMFC system.
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