Judul: Evaluasi Gambaran Klinis Persembuhan Tulang Implan Hidroksiapatit Kitosan (Ha-Kitosan) dengan Hidroksiapatit Trikalsium Fosfat (HA-TKF) pada Domba Lokal (Ovis aries) sebagai Hewan Model untuk Manusia
Abstrak: The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical view between bone healing process of implanted hydroxyapatite-chitosan (HA-Chitosan) with hydroxyapatite-tricalcium phosphate (HA-TCP) in local sheep. Six healthy sheep were divided into two groups. Three sheep received HA-chitosan implant, while the others received HA-TCP implant. Observations were carried out by clinical examination of pre-surgery and post-surgery until sheep were harvested. The result showed that implantation of HA-Chitosan and HA-TCP did not interfere the physiological of body temperature, heart rate and respiratory rate of sheep, also did not prolong the inflammation and did not generate an immune response. Both HA-chitosan and HA-TKF implant were well tolerated by the body and did not interfere the physiological body but the implant of HA-Chitosan and HA-TKF did not accelerate bone healing.
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Judul: Evaluasi radiografi implan tulang Hidroksiapatit-Kitosan (Ha-K) dan Hidroksiapatit-Trikalsium Fosfat (Ha-TKF) pada domba sebagai hewan model untuk manusia
Abstrak: The study was aimed to compare in vivo osteogenesis potency of two bone implant combinations which used hydroxyapatite-chitosan (HA-C) and hydroxyapatite-tricalcium phosphate (HA-TCP). This study will describe the potential use of bone substitution material which implanted on sheep as animal model for human. Six local sheeps were used in this study. Both of the bone implants were shaped into a pellet form. The bone implants were inserted under aseptic surgery on the medial of the left tibia bone and as control the medial of the right tibia bone was drilled without bone implant. Bones were subjected to radiography examination at 0 day pre and post-surgery, 7 , 30 , 60 and 90 days post-surgery. The observation parameters are radiopacity, margination, and the shape of bone implant or bone defect under radiography evaluation. The result shown that the HA-TCP bone implant has better properties for biodegradability and bioresorbsibility than HA-C bone implant. In the other hand, the process of bone growth which implanted by HA-TCP bone implant was slow because the implant has no good osteoinductive properties. The both of implants were still stay in bone until the end of observation and the progress of osteogenesis did not show better result than the control.
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Judul: Approximation of the Median of Poisson Distribution Using the Relation of Poisson-Gamma Distribution
Abstrak: A major drawback of median is that median cannot usually be defined in closed form, even in the cases where their distribution functions are known. This study gives an approximation of the closed form for the median of the Poisson distribution by using the relation of Poisson-Gamma distribution. The approximation uses elementary techniques based on the monotonicity of certain sequences involving tail probabilities of the Poisson distribution and the Central Limit Theorem. Furthermore, a closed form expression for the mean absolute deviation 􀜧|􀜰􀰒 􀵆 􀜯􀝁􀝀􁈺􀜰􀰒􁈻| is also studied. The median is relevant because of the fact that it minimizes the mean absolute deviation of a Poisson random variable (􀜰􀰒􁈻 by considering median as central tendency.
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