Judul: Persentase Bobot Karkas, Potongan Komersial dan Non Karkas Ayam IPB-D2 Generasi Keempat pada Umur 10 sampai 12 Minggu
Abstrak: Ayam lokal umumnya mudah dipelihara dan sistem ketahanan terhadap penyakit cukup baik serta adaptasi terhadap lingkungan cukup tinggi. Ayam IPB-D2 merupakan galur baru indukan (female line) yang dibentuk dari hasil seleksi ayam IPB–D1 berdasarkan sifat ketahanan penyakit yang baik dengan proporsi darah sama dengan ayam IPB–D1. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji dan mengevaluasi persentase bobot karkas dan non-karkas, serta potongan komersial karkas dan non-karkas ayam IPB–D2 umur 10 hingga 12 minggu. Penelitian ini menggunakan ayam IPB-D2 Sukabumi sebagai data primer dan ayam IPB-D2 Boyolali sebagai data sekunder dengan jumlah ayam masingmasing 30 ekor. Jumlah ayam IPB-D2 G4 keseluruhan yang digunakan sebanyak 15 ekor. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa persentase karkas ayam IPBD2 Sukabumi lebih rendah dibandingkan Boyolali. Namun persentase bagian non karkas ayam IPB-D2 Sukabumi lebih tinggi dibandingkan Boyolali., Local chickens are generally easy to raise and have a fairly good system of disease resistance and high adaptation to the environment. IPB-D2 chickens are a new breed of broodstock (female line) which was formed from the selection of IPB-D1 chickens based on good disease resistance characteristics with the same blood proportion as IPB-D1 chickens. The aim of this research was to examine and evaluate the percentage of carcass and non-carcass weight, as well as commercial cuts of carcass and non-carcass IPB–D2 chickens aged 10 to 12 weeks. This research used IPB-D2 Sukabumi chickens as primary data and IPB-D2 Boyolali chickens as secondary data with 30 chickens each. The total number of IPB-D2 G4 chickens used was 15. The results of this research show that the percentage of IPB-D2 Sukabumi chicken carcasses is lower than Boyolali. However, the percentage of non-carcass portion of IPB-D2 Sukabumi chicken is higher than Boyolali.
Keyword: carcass, commercial, IPB-D2 chicken, non-carcass

Judul: Carcass Percentage, Commercial Cuts, and  Non-Carcass Parts of IPB-D3 Chickens at Different Slaughter Ages and Locations
Abstrak: Ayam lokal memiliki ketahanan tubuh yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan ayam ras. Ayam IPB-D3 merupakan calon galur baru pejantan (male line) yang dibentuk dari hasil seleksi ayam IPB-D1 G7 berdasarkan pertumbuhan bobot badan yang cepat pada umur 12 minggu. Pertumbuhan bobot badan yang cepat dapat dipengaruhi oleh genetik dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi persentase karkas, potongan karkas secara komersial dan bagian non karkas pada ayam IPB-D3 pada umur potong dan lokasi berbeda, yaitu Sukabumi, Bogor, dan Boyolali. Penelitian ini menggunakan ayam IPB-D3 Sukabumi sebagai data primer dan ayam IPB-D3 Bogor dan Boyolali sebagai data sekunder pembanding, masing-masing berjumlah 30 ekor. Berdasarkan hasil yang didapat adalah ayam IPB-D3 Sukabumi memiliki persentase karkas yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan ayam IPB-D3 Bogor dan Boyolali, akan tetapi bagian persentase non karkas ayam IPB-D3 Sukabumi lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan ayam IPB-D3 Bogor dan Boyolali, Local chickens have higher immune resilience compared to commercial breeds. IPB-D3 chickens are a new male line strain created by selecting IPB-D1 G7 chickens based on their rapid body weight growth at 12 weeks. Tight body weight growth can be influenced by genetics and the environment. This research aims to evaluate the carcass percentage, commercially cut carcass pieces, and non-carcass parts of IPB-D3 chickens at different ages and locations, namely Sukabumi, Bogor, and Boyolali. The study utilizes IPB-D3 Sukabumi chickens as primary data and IPB-D3 Bogor and Boyolali chickens as secondary comparative data, with each group comprising 30 individuals. Based on the results, it is found that IPB-D3 Sukabumi chickens have a lower carcass percentage compared to IPB-D3 Bogor and Boyolali chickens. However, the percentage of non-carcass parts in IPB-D3 Sukabumi chickens is higher than in IPB-D3 Bogor and Boyolali chickens
Keyword: Carcass percentage, Non-carcass percentage, IPB-D3 chicken

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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