Judul: Respons Imun Ikan NIla Hitam Oreochromis niloticus yang Diberi Serbuk Batang Pisang Musa paradisiaca melalui Pakan
Abstrak: Ikan nila hitam merupakan salah satu strain ikan nila yang dibudidayakan secara intensif dan memiliki peluang terserang penyakit. Pengendalian penyakit yang efektif, efisien, aman dan ramah lingkungan serta praktis adalah dengan fitofarmaka, salah satunya dengan pemanfaatan limbah batang pisang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penambahan serbuk batang pisang Musa paradisiaca 3% melalui pakan terhadap respons imun ikan nila hitam Oreochromis niloticus. Ikan nila hitam yang digunakan memiliki bobot awal 7,00±0,37 g dan panjang 7,45±0,27 cm. Pemeliharaan dilakukan selama 28 hari dengan tiga perlakuan yaitu kontrol (K), perlakuan antibiotik (KA), dan perlakuan serbuk batang pisang (SP). Parameter yang diamati meliputi eritrosit total, kadar hemoglobin, kadar hematokrit, leukosit total, aktivitas fagositik, respiratory burst, dan kinerja pertumbuhan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan eritrosit total, aktivitas fagositik, dan respiratory burst tidak berbeda nyata antar perlakuan (P>0,05). Leukosit total SP (2,990,09×104 sel mm-3) lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol (2,310,27×104 sel mm-3) (P<0,05). Kinerja pertumbuhan yang diperoleh tidak berbeda nyata antar perlakuan (P>0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah penambahan serbuk batang pisang M. paradisiaca 3% pada pakan yang diberikan pada ikan nila hitam O. niloticus dapat meningkatkan respons imun ikan., Black tilapia is one strain of tilapia that is intensively cultivated and has the opportunity to be attacked by disease. Effective, efficient, safe and environmentally friendly and practical disease control is with phytopharmaceuticals, one of which is the utilization of banana stem waste. This study aims to analyze the effect of adding 3% Musa paradisiaca banana stem powder through feed on the immune response of black tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. The black tilapia used had an initial weight of 7,00 ± 0,37 g and a length of 7,45 ± 0,27 cm. Maintenance was carried out for 28 days with three treatments, namely control (K), antibiotic treatment (KA), and banana stem powder treatment (SP). Parameters observed included total erythrocytes, hemoglobin levels, hematocrit levels, total leukocytes, phagocytic activity, respiratory burst, and growth performance. The results showed that total erythrocytes, phagocytic activity, and respiratory burst were not significantly different between treatments (P>0,05). Total leukocytes of SP (2,99±0,09×104 cells mm-3) were higher than control (2,31± 0,27×104 cells mm-3) (P<0,05). The growth performance obtained was not significantly different between treatments (P>0,05). The conclusion of this study is that the addition of 3% M. paradisiaca banana stem powder to the feed given to black tilapia O. niloticus can increase the immune response of fish.
Keyword: antibiotic, banana stem powder, black tilapia, immune response, phytopharmaceutical

Judul: Prevention of Motile Aeromonad Septicemia in Tilapia  Larvae with Ambon Banana Stem Extract
Abstrak: Produksi ikan nila dapat ditingkatkan dengan mencegah kematian ikan pada fase larva. Fase larva pada ikan adalah fase yang rentan terserang penyakit, salah satunya Motile Aeromonad Septicaemia (MAS) yang diinfeksi oleh Aeromonas hydrophila. Salah satu cara untuk mencegah MAS adalah dengan perendaman menggunakan ekstrak seduh batang pisang ambon. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dosis optimum perendaman larva ikan nila dengan ekstrak seduh batang pisang ambon untuk pencegahan infeksi A. hydrophila. Bahan uji yang digunakan adalah larva ikan nila, batang pisang ambon dan bakteri A. hydrophila. Penelitian terdiri dari perlakuan K+ (tanpa perendaman dengan ekstrak seduh batang pisang ambon dan diuji tantang dengan A. hydrophila), dosis perendaman ekstrak seduh batang pisang ambon (0,1% (v/v), 0,25%(v/v) dan 0,5%(v/v)) selama 30 menit. Pemeliharaan larva dilakukan selama 14 hari dan diuji tantang pada hari ke-8 dengan kepadatanbakteri 104 CFU/mL (LC50) sebanyak 1 mL/60 ekor dan direndam selama satu jam kemudian dipindahkan ke wadah pemeliharaan. Perendaman dengan ekstrak seduh batang pisang ambon dapat meningkatkan sintasan pada larva ikan nila yang diuji tantang dengan A. hydrophila. Dosis perendaman ekstrak batang pisang ambon pada larva ikan nila adalah 0,25% dan 0,5% dengan sintasan sebesar 90,01±1,81% dan nilai RPS sebesar 84,54% yang didukung dengan parameter respon imun berupa aktivitas lisozim. Kata kunci: Aeromonas hydrophila, batang pisang, ikan nila, sintasan, Tilapia production can be increased by preventing fish mortality in the larval stage. The larval phase in fish is a phase that is susceptible to disease, one of which is Motile Aeromonad Septicaemia (MAS) which is infected by Aeromonas hydrophila. One way to prevent MAS is by soaking using the extract of the brewed banana stem of Ambon. This study aims to determine the optimum dose of immersion of tilapia larvae with ambon banana stem extract to prevent A. hydrophila infection. The test materials used were tilapia larvae, Ambon banana stem and A. hydrophila bacteria. The study consisted of K + treatment (without immersion in the extract of ambon banana stem and challenged with A. hydrophila), immersion dose of ambon banana stem extract (0.1%(v/v), 0.25%(v/v) and 0.5%(v/v)) for 30 minutes. Larva rearing was carried out for 14 days and tested on the 8th day with a bacterial density of 104 CFU / mL (LC50) of 1 mL / 60 and soaked for one hour then transferred to a rearing container. Soaking with the extract of ambon banana stem brewed can increase survival in tilapia larvae that were challenged with A. hydrophila. The immersion dose for Ambon banana stem extract in tilapia larvae is 0.25% and 0.5% with a survival rate of 90.01 ± 1.81% and an RPS value of 84.54% which is supported by immune response parameters in the form of lysozyme activity. Key words: Aeromonas hydrophila, banana stem, survival rate, tilapia
Keyword: Aeromonas hydrophila, Banana stem, Survival rate, tilapia

Judul: Implementation of Spatio-Temporal Change Query in Relational Database.
Abstrak: Geographic object changes in various views. Object changes are recorded using a model of static storage. No historical connection between old version data and new version data has been built. For that, a storage model of spatio-temporal queries that can analyze spatio-temporal changes has been developed. The object changes the geometry are grouped according to the taxonomy of Spatio-Temporal Pattern Change. This research has been able to apply the query patterns change including born, expand, merge, contract, split, normal and die. This query based on geometric (area) changes. The implementation of spatio-temporal change queries represents an object changes continuously with easy, change detection is done by comparing two versions of data. Keyword: spatio-temporal change query, spatio-temporal change pattern.
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