Judul: Pengaruh Lama Penyimpanan terhadap Kualitas Inokulum Aspergillus niger dan Neurospora sitophila untuk Hidrolisis Tongkol Jagung
Abstrak: Production of Aspergillus niger and Neurospora sitophila inoculums prepared from cassava bagasse (solid waste from tapioca industry) enriched with rice bran powder, defatted peanut, and tofu solid waste substrates, were investigated the storage time effects to the spore viabilities. The mixed substrates were formulated to C/N ratio of 5, then fermented in solid-state cultivation systems (3 days for A. niger; 4 days for N. sitophila). Each dried inoculum was wrapped in polyethylene plastics and kept on room temperature (25–30°C) for 8 weeks, and evaluated the qualities weekly for spore viability and moisture content. Each inoculum with high viability was applied in the fermentation of corncob to prove the cellulolytic hydrolysis capability, that fermented in solid-state cultivation system for 9 days. Generally, storage of inoculum caused the reduction (from 100% to 91.84% for A. niger; from 100% to 82.73% for N. sitophila) of spore viability even the moisture content increased during the storage (from 6.82% to 10.04% for A. niger; from 4,16% to 7,63% for N. sitophila). The results showed that inoculum of A. niger produced from cassava bagasse and defatted peanut; and N. sitophila produced from cassava bagasse and rice bran powder could maintain the spore viabilities after 2 months storage (from 86 x 107 spore/g to 36 x 107 spore/g for A. niger; from 83 x 107 spore/g to 18 x 107 spore/g for N.sitophila). After the application of inoculum in corncob hydrolisis, it showed that crude fiber was reduced (from 68.13% to 55.82% by using A. niger inoculum; from 69.05% to 51.03% by using N. sitophila inoculum) as the effect of cellulolytic breakdown to produce oligosaccharides (DP 3.26–3.29 by using A. niger inoculum; DP 2.60–2.65 by using N. sitophila inoculum).
Keyword: 

Judul: Produksi Inokulum Pupuk Hayati Cendawan Aspergillus niger Skala Lapang Menggunakan Limbah Organik Pertanian sebagai Karier
Abstrak: Exploiting microorganism become one of alternatives in using biofertilizer. Aspergillus niger represent one of examples of fungi which can be used as an agent of biofertilizer. The aim of this research was to produce a good quality of A. niger biofertilizer inoculum for field application using agricultural organic waste as a carrier. The research activities were carried out in two stages. First stage was screened the 5 agricultural organic wastes, namely corn cob, rice straw, banana stem, organic market waste, and sorghum stem as fungal growth medium. Split corn was used as a control treatment. Spore and propagule numbers were used as parameter measured for screening activities. Observation was conducted in 20, 40 and 60 days after inoculation. Second stage of the research was to analyze the quality of dried inoculum produced from the first stage of experiment that was kept in 0, 1, 2 and 3 months at room temperature. The parameter measured were spore and propagule numbers, root colonization, and growth respon. Rice and maize were used as tested crops. The A. niger grew very well in the all organic wastes tested. Amoung the 5 wastes tested, organic market waste was the best medium followed by sorghum stem, banana stem, corn cob and rice straw. The propagule obtained was higher than the spore number. The heating and the grinding treatments reduced the quality of inoculum. Reduction of spore number was 4,3%/g media and the propagule was 15,0%/g media compared with the control treatment. This indicated that viability of spore was better than miselia. Based on the numbers of spore and propagule productions indicated that inoculum quality obtained from organic market waste was better than the control treatment (split corn). The 3 months storage treatment had no effect on survival of the fungi obtained from organic market waste. Similarly, physical characteristic of carrier media. However, the 3 months storage treatment reduced the capability of the fungi in colonizing and improving plant growth. Similar results were also observed in the inoculum produced from split corn as a control treatment. The effect of organic matter derived from organic market waste was different from that split corn. Organic market waste increased the growth of rice and maize crops, whereas split corn reduce the growth of both crops.
Keyword: A. niger, Spore, Propagule, Inoculum, Colonization

Judul: Formulasi Hamiltonian untuk Menggambarkan Gerak Gelombang Soliter Dimensi Tiga di Permukaan Laut
Abstrak: Gelombang permukaan adalah gelombang yang terjadi perbedaan rapat massa antara air dan udara. Salah satu gelombang permukaan yang ditinjau adalah gelombang soliter. Formulasi gelombang soliter dilakukan dengan menggunakan formulasi Hamiltonian.
Keyword: