Judul: Competitiveness Analysis and Projection of Indonesian Coffee in the United States Market.
Abstrak: Kopi merupakan salah satu komoditas hasil perkebunan yang memiliki peranan penting dalam kegiatan perekonomian Indonesia. Pangsa pasar kopi terbesar Indonesia berada di pasar Amerika Serikat. Tingginya tingkat persaingan antar negara eksportir mendorong Indonesia untuk dapat meningkatkan kualitas dan juga produktivitas kopi agar dapat bersaing di pasar internasional, khususnya Amerika Serikat, sehingga perlu dilakukan analisis untuk meningkatkan daya saing kopi Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan 1) menganalisis daya saing kopi Indonesia di pasar Amerika Serikat; 2) Memproyeksikan volume penawaran ekspor kopi Indonesia di pasar Amerika Serikat tahun 2021-2025; 3) merumuskan strategi dalam mendukung peningkatan daya saing komoditas kopi Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode RCA, AR, EPD, ARIMA, dan SWOT. Hasil RCA, AR, dan EPD menunjukkan bahwa kopi Indonesia memiliki daya saing secara komparatif dan kompetitif di pasar Amerika Serikat. Pada analisis menggunakan ARIMA menunjukkan bahwa proyeksi volume penawaran ekspor kopi Indonesia di pasar Amerika Serikat tahun 2021-2025 menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang positif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis SWOT terdapat beberapa strategi yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan daya saing kopi Indonesia di pasar Amerika Serikat. Diantaranya adalah optimalisasi lahan kopi sehingga dapat meningkatkan pangsa pasar melalui peningkatan produksi dan produktivitas kopi., Coffee is one of the plantation commodities that has an important role in Indonesia's economic activities. Indonesia's largest coffee market share is in the United States market. The high level of competition between exporting countries encourages Indonesia to be able to improve the quality and productivity of coffee in order to compete in the international market, especially the United States, so it is necessary to conduct an analysis to improve the competitiveness of Indonesian coffee. This study aims to 1) analyze the competitiveness of Indonesian coffee in the United States market; 2) Projecting the volume of Indonesian coffee export offerings in the United States market in 2021-2025; 3) formulating strategies to support the improvement of the competitiveness of Indonesian coffee commodities. This research uses RCA, AR, EPD, ARIMA, and SWOT methods. The results of RCA, AR, and EPD show that Indonesian coffee has comparative and competitive competitiveness in the United States market. The analysis using ARIMA shows that the projected volume of Indonesian coffee export offers in the United States market in 2021-2025 shows positive growth. Based on the results of the SWOT analysis, there are several strategies carried out to increase the competitiveness of Indonesian coffee in the United States market. Among them is the optimization of coffee grounds so that they can increase market share through increasing coffee production and productivity.
Keyword: Acceleration Ratio, Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average, Export Product Dynamic, Revealed Comparative Advantage, SWOT

Judul: Competitiveness Analysis and Affecting Factors of Indonesian Coffee Exports in the ASEAN Market
Abstrak: Kopi merupakan komoditas ekspor utama dan merupakan salah satu penghasil devisa terbesar dari sektor pertanian Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis daya saing dan faktor yang memengaruhi ekspor serta memproyeksikan ekspor kopi Indonesia di kawasan ASEAN tahun 2021-2025. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export Product Dynamic (EPD), Rasio Akselerasi (RA), ARIMA, dan Gravity Model. Hasil RCA menunjukkan kopi Indonesia memiliki keunggulan komparatif di Kawasan ASEAN. Analisis EPD menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia hanya berdaya saing di negara Thailand dan Filipina, sedangkan Malaysia dan Singapura berada pada posisi retreat dan falling star. Berdasarkan analisis RA, Indonesia dapat merebut pasar ekspor kopi di kawasan ASEAN. Perkembangan ekspor kopi dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor. Hasil uji T menunjukkan bahwa GDP riil Indonesia, GDP riil pengimpor, jarak ekonomi, harga ekspor Indonesia memiliki pengaruh secara signifikan terhadap ekspor kopi Indonesia di kawasan ASEAN. Variabel populasi pengimpor memiliki pengaruh yang positif namun tidak signifikan terhadap volume ekspor kopi Indonesia di kawasan ASEAN. Hasil proyeksi juga menunjukkan bahwa pada tahun 2021- 2025, ekspor kopi Indonesia akan memiliki pertumbuhan yang positif, Coffee is one of the leading export commodities and the largest foreign exchange contributor from the Indonesian agricultural sector. This study aims to analyze competitiveness and the affecting factors of coffee exports and forecast the Indonesia's coffee exports in the ASEAN market in 2021-2025. The methods used are Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export Product Dynamic (EPD), Acceleration Ratio (AR), ARIMA, and Gravity Model. The RCA results show that Indonesian coffee has a comparative advantage in the ASEAN Region. EPD analysis shows that Indonesia is only competitive in Thailand and the Philippines, while Malaysia and Singapore are in a retreat and falling star position. Based on RA's analysis, Indonesia can seize the coffee export market in the ASEAN region. The development of coffee exports is influenced by several factors. The result of T-test shows that the Indonesia's real GDP, importers' real GDP, economic distance, Indonesia's export prices have a significant effect on the volume of Indonesia’s coffee export in the ASEAN region. The importing population has no significant effect to the volume of Indonesia’s coffee export in the ASEAN region. The forecasting results also show that in 2021-2025, Indonesia's coffee exports will have positive growth in the ASEAN Region.
Keyword: AR, ARIMA, EPD, Gravity Model, and RCA

Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4