Judul: Pengaruh Kondisi Pemanasan Basah terhadap Penurunan Kadar Aflatoksin
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari pengaruh pemanasan basah, yaitu pengukusan (95˚ C), perebusan (100˚), dan pemanasan bertekanan (otoklaf, 121˚), terhadap kandungan aflatoksin. Pengukusan dilakukan pada suhu 95˚ C dengan interval waktu 25 menit (0-125 menit), perebusan pada suhu 100˚ C dengan selang waktu 10 menit (0-50 menit) dan pemanasan bertekanan pada suhu 121˚ C dengan selang waktu 5 menit (0-25 menit).
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Judul: Pengaruh fumigasi dengan belerang dioksida terhadap kandungan aflatoksin dalam kacang tanah dan bungkilnya
Abstrak: Hampir segala macam komoditi pertanian dapat tercemar oleh aflatoksin yang sangat beracun dan bersifat karsinogenik. Bahan pangan yang paling sering tercemar oleh aflatoksin adalah kacang tanah dan hasil-hasil olahannya. Metoda yang memuaskan untuk menghilangkan aflatoksin dari bahan pangan belum berhasil didapatkan. Pada ransum ternak sudah diterapkan metoda penghilangan aflatok sin dengan perlakuan ammonia, tetapi metoda ini tidak mungkin diterapkan bagi bahan makanan untuk konsumsi manusia, mengingat perubahan sifat fisik bahan yang diakibatkannya. Belerang dioksida atau bisulfit umum digunakan sebagai bahan aditif makanan, dan diperbolehkan sampai konsentrasi yang cukup tinggi. Dengan demikian fumigasi dengan belerang dioksida merupakan perlakuan yang diharapkan dapat menghilangkan aflatoksin dari bahan pangan tanpa banyak mengubah sifat fisik dari bahan pangan tersebut.
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Judul: The Construction of Greedy SVP LLL Algorithm
Abstrak: A lattice is a set of all integer linear combination of a set of linearly independent vectors in ℝ𝑛���. The independent vectors are called bases of lattice. Any lattice can be generated from many bases, and these bases have the same cardinality. In the lattice, the most fundamental and renowned problem is the Shortest Vector Problem (SVP). SVP is a tracking problem of the shortest nonzero vector in a lattice with equivalent bases. In two dimensions, SVP problem has resolved exactly by Gauss’ algorithm. When the lattice dimension is higher than two, A.K. Lenstra, H.W. Lenstra and L. Lovasz gave a LLL algorithm to compute approximation of nonzero shortest vector in the lattice. Reduced bases solution obtained from LLL algorithm still be an approximation and has polynomial running time of arbitrary dimension which large enough. In 1994, Schnoor and Euchner modified this LLL algorithm as a new variant which later was named deep insertion LLL algorithm. This algorithm is a modified version of the LLL algorithm to the terms of the exchange step to improve the accuracy of output of LLL reduced bases and applying it to the subset sum problem. The purpose of this research are: (1) Reconstruct the LLL algorithm and deep insertion LLL algorithm using a geometric approach. (2) Construct a greedy SVP LLL algorithm. (3) Implement the three algorithms in a symbolic programming language, and evaluate them experimentally. A bases ℬ=[𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑛���] in ℝ𝑚��� is called reduced LLL with parameter 𝛿��� if satisfies: (a) |𝜇���𝑗���𝑖���|≤12, for every integer 𝑖���,𝑗��� with 1≤𝑖���<𝑗���<𝑛���. (b)𝛿���‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���)‖2≤‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���+1)‖2, for 𝑗���=1,2,…,𝑛���−1,where 𝛿��� is a reduced parameter of real numbers with 14<𝛿���<1. The first requirement is the reduced basis 𝛿��� must “nearly orthogonal” and in its computation case, this requirement can be reached out by using the Gram-Schmidt’s orthogonalization. While the second requirement is called exchange step, or used to called as Lovasz condition. By using both of these requirements, then they establish the LLL algorithm. Then, Schnoor and Euchner modify the LLL algorithm based on the requirements of the exchange step called the deep insertion LLL algorithm, where the exchange step is based on the comparison of the projected vector in orthogonal complement [𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑘���−1]⊥ after j-th reduction. To construct greedy SVP LLL algorithm, the requirements of the exchange step is based on purely by comparing norm of lattice 𝐛���𝑗��� with norm lattice 𝐛���𝑖��� for 𝑖���=1,2,3…,𝑗���−1. The process of insertion reduced vector after the exchange step also has done greedily. Then, we calculate the number of arithmetic operation in greedy SVP LLL algorithm for further analysis. The result of our exprimentation for three algorithms on the certain matrix size shows that the running time of the three algorithms increases propotional to the size of the matrix. The result also shows that by using 𝛿���=34 for the LLL algorithm and the deep insertion LLL algorithm, and the greedy SVP LLL algorithm which is a new variant made by using no parameter of 𝛿���, outperform of the other of two previous algorithm in terms of speed with the same output.
Keyword: LLL algorithm, LLL deep insertion algorithm, greedy SVP LLL algorithm