Judul: Work Posture Improvement Using Biomechanical Analysis on  Teak Wood Bucking Activities
Abstrak: The activity of dividing the trunk using a chainsaw is one of the wood harvesting activities that needs to be considered ergonomically. Heavy loads and extreme environments on field workers can cause extreme postures in skeletal muscles. The extreme work postures were selected from the results of the Range of Motion (ROM) analysis which were then analyzed using a biomechanical method with 3DSSPP 7.1.0 Software. The results of the biomechanical analysis include compressive forces on L5/S1, shear forces on disk and L5/S1, strength percent capable, and standing balance. The most extreme working posture is the squat posture on the work element turning the chainsaw on at 3346±231 N and the trunk division element at 3483±242 N, then it is necessary to calculate the Recommended Weight Limit (RWL) and Lifting Index (LI), and choose 1 posture that has a compressive force value of L5/S1 from all work elements, namely in the squatting posture of the working element of the division of the trunk. The RWL value was 11.52 kg, so the LI value was 1.52 which was classified as a moderate risk of injury, The activity of dividing the trunk using a chainsaw is one of the wood harvesting activities that needs to be considered ergonomically. Heavy loads and extreme environments on field workers can cause extreme postures in skeletal muscles. The extreme work postures were selected from the results of the Range of Motion (ROM) analysis which were then analyzed using a biomechanical method with 3DSSPP 7.1.0 Software. The results of the biomechanical analysis include compressive forces on L5/S1, shear forces on disk and L5/S1, strength percent capable, and standing balance. The most extreme working posture is the squat posture on the work element turning the chainsaw on at 3346±231 N and the trunk division element at 3483±242 N, then it is necessary to calculate the Recommended Weight Limit (RWL) and Lifting Index (LI), and choose 1 posture that has a compressive force value of L5/S1 from all work elements, namely in the squatting posture of the working element of the division of the trunk. The RWL value was 11.52 kg, so the LI value was 1.52 which was classified as a moderate risk of injury.
Keyword: biomechanics, bucking, ergonomics, L5/S1, Range of Motion (ROM)

Judul: An analysis of work posture with biomechanical method  in cutting teak tree delimbing activities
Abstrak: Kegiatan pemotongan cabang merupakan kegiatan yang mengkombinasikan gerakan kerja yang sulit dan kerja otot yang keras dalam pengoperasikan chainsaw sehingga memberikan postur tubuh ekstrim yang menyebabkan resiko cedera pada otot. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi level risiko menggunakan Range of Motion (ROM), menghitung gaya tekan (compression force) pada L5/S1 menggunakan analisis biomekanik dan memberikan perbaikan postur kerja berdasarkan perhitungan RWL dan LI. Postur kerja pada kegiatan pemotongan cabang yang memiliki risiko tinggi terjadinya cedera adalah pada postur membungkuk dan postur berdiri tegak mengangkat chainsaw setinggi bahu. Postur membungkuk memiliki nilai gaya tekan pada L5/S1 melebihi batas AL atau ≥ 3400 N. Sedangkan postur berdiri tegak mengangkat chainsaw setinggi bahu memiliki nilai gaya tekan yang tidak melebihi batas AL yang artinya masih tergolong aman dalam sudut pandang gaya tekan. Namun, pada perhitungan RWL dan LI, postur kerja berdiri tegak mengangkat chainsaw setinggi bahu merupakan postur yang tergolong berbahaya dan menyebabkan cedera serius. Nilai RWL mengangkat chainsaw setinggi bahu adalah 4,78 kg dan LI sebesar 3,66 , nilai tersebut menunjukkan perlu adanya perbaikan kerja., Delimbing activity is an activity that combines difficult work movements and hard muscle work in chainsaw operation so it provides an extreme body posture that causes the risk of muscle injury. The purpose of this study was to identify the level of risk using Range of Motion (ROM), to calculate the compression force at L5/S1 using biomechanical analysis and to provide improvements in working posture based on RWL and LI calculations. The working posture in delimbing activities that has a high risk of injury is the bent posture and the upright posture lifting the chainsaw to shoulder height. The bending posture has a compressive force value at L5/S1 exceeding the AL limit or 3400 N. While the upright posture lifting the chainsaw to shoulder height has a compressive force value that does not exceed the AL limit, which means it is still relatively safe from the point of view of the compressive force. However, in the RWL and LI calculations, the working posture of standing upright lifting the chainsaw to shoulder height is a posture that is classified as dangerous and causes serious injury. The RWL value for lifting the chainsaw to shoulder height is 4.78 kg and the LI is 3.66. These values indicate the need for work improvement.
Keyword: biomechanics, delimbing, L5/S1, ROM, RWL

Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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