Judul: Variation in Natural Durability of Sungkai (Peronema  canescens Jack.) Wood
Abstrak: Sungkai (P. canescens Jack.) tergolong dalam fancy wood karena memiliki corak yang dekoratif dan banyak digunakan sebagai bahan baku mebel dan finir indah. Penelitian ini mengkaji variasi vertikal dan variasi horizontal keawetan alami kayu sungkai dalam satu batang pohon dalam rangka pemanfaatan kayu secara optimal sekaligus untuk menetapkan tindakan pengawetan yang perlu dilakukan. Contoh uji berupa log yang mewakili bagian tengah, ujung, dan pangkal batang (variasi vertikal); serta kayu normal, reaksi, dan opposite (variasi horizontal). Digunakan juga kayu pinus sebagai pembanding. Keawetan alami kayu dievaluasi berdasarkan hasil uji lapangan selama 3 bulan dengan mengacu kepada ASTM D 1758. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kehilangan berat bervariasi menurut arah vertikal dan arah horizontal, sedangkan tingkat serangan faktor perusak pada penampang lintang contoh uji tidak bervariasi. Secara keseluruhan, pangkal batang memiliki keawetan alami yang lebih baik dibandingkan bagian tengah dan ujung batang; sedangkan keawetan alami kayu opposite lebih baik dibandingkan kayu reaksi dan kayu normalnya., Sungkai (P. canescens Jack.) is classified as a fancy wood because it has a decorative figure and widely used as raw material for furniture and fancy veneers. Vertical and horizontal variations in natural durability of this wood from a single tree have been studied for optimal utilization as well as to determine the necessary preservation treatments. The test sample was a log representing the tip, middle, and base of the stem (vertical variation); as well as normal, reaction, and opposite wood (horizontal variation). Pine wood was also utilized as a comparison. Natural durability was evaluated based on the results of 3 months-field test following to ASTM D 1758. The results showed that weight loss varied vertically and horizontally, while the attack of destructive factors on the cross section of the sample is not influenced by the location of the sample in the stem. The base of the stem has better natural durability than the middle and the tip; whereas that of opposite wood is better than that of reaction and normal wood.
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Judul: Variation in Natural Durability of Surian (Toona sinensis Roem.) Wood from a Single Tree
Abstrak: Surian (Toona sinensis) merupakan salah satu pohon cepat tumbuh yang banyak ditemukan di Indonesia. Kayunya sudah dijadikan komponen perahu, rumah dan meubel meski baru diperdagangkan secara lokal. Variasi keawetan alami kayu surian masih belum banyak diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari variasi vertikal dan variasi radial keawetan alami kayu surian dalam satu batang pohon untuk menentukan tindakan pengawetan yang harus diambil dalam rangka pemanfaatan kayu secara maksimal. Contoh uji berupa kayu surian yang mewakili bagian pangkal-tengah-ujung (variasi vertikal atau faktor ketinggian) dan gubal peralihan-teras (cariasi radial atau faktor kedalaman) dalam batang. Sebagai pembanding digunakan kayu pinus. Keawetan alami dievaluasi berdasarkan kehilangan berat dan kerusakan contoh uji setelah dikubur 3 bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keawetan alami kayu bervariasi menurut ketinggian dan kedalaman batang. Keawetan alami cenderung berkurang dari pangkal ke ujung batang mau pun dari teras ke gubal. Kehilangan berat dipengaruhi oleh faktor ketinggian dan kedalaman, sedangkan kerusakan contoh uji dipengaruhi oleh faktor ketinggian, kedalaman dan interaksi keduanya. Keawetan alami kayu surian secara keseluruhan lebih baik dibandingkan kayu pinus., Surian (Toona sinensis) is one of the fast-growing tree species found in Indonesia. The wood is already used locally as a component for boats, houses and furniture. Since variations in natural durability of this wood are still limited, it is necesary to conduct a study on this aspect. This study aims to investigate variations in natural durability of surian wood, especially from a single tree, both vertical and radial directions in order to determine proper preservative treatment. The test sample was surian wood which represents the bottom-middle-tip as well as the heartwood transition-sapwood. As a comparison, pine wood was utilized. Natural durability of wood was evaluated based on weight loss and damage percentage in cross-section of wood samples after being buried for 3 months. Results showed that natural durability of this wood varies in vertical and radial directions. It tends to decrease from the bottom to the tip of the trunk and from pith (heartwood) to the bark (sapwood). The weight loss percentage was influenced by the height and depth factors, while the damage was influenced by the height, depth and the interaction of these two factors. Overall, natural durability of surian wood is better than that of pine wood.
Keyword: natural durability, pine, radial variation, surian, Toona sinensis, vertical variation

Judul: The Control And Eradication Of Brucellosis In Cattle From The Standpoint Of Human Health
Abstrak: Brucella abortus occurs both in man and cattle. The organism may thrive wherever cattle are raised by man for breeding purposes. As such, spread to humans can easily be lessened if the disease is properly controlled and/or eradicated in cattle. Control of Brucella abortus in cattle can be under taken by continued vaccination, proper attention to hygiene and the particular care taken in the introduction of only brucellosis-free animals into cattle farms. Vac- cination using the strain 19 or strain 45/20 Brucella abortus vaccine is commonly used, though the former is more popular. Each of these vaccine strains has its own advantages and disadvantages. Eradication of Brucella abortus by the test and slaughter policy can also be carried out after proper vaccination programmes have been initiated and a stage reached where only a very small percentage of positive reactors is found,
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