Judul: Analisis Ekonomi Pengembangan Usaha Ternak Sapi Potong di Kabupaten Garut
Abstrak: Kabupaten Garut merupakan salah satu sentra daerah pengembangan sapi potong peternakan rakyat di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Kabupaten ini memiliki populasi sapi potong yang besar dan lahan yang luas untuk ketersedian pakan hijauan. Penelitian ini bertujuan : (1) menganalisis wilayah kecamatan mana saja yang dapat dikembangkan menjadi sentra peternakan sapi potong, (2) menganalisis tingkat pendapatan dan kontribusi sektor peternakan sapi potong terhadap tingkat pendapatan petani, (3) mengevaluasi penggunaan input optimal yang akan memaksimalkan pendapatan petani dan (4) implikasi kebijakan pengembangan sapi potong di Kabupaten Garut. Metode analisis yang digunakan meliputi: Analisis Location Quotient (LQ), Analisis daya dukung lingkungan yang dihitung berdasarkan kesanggupan lingkungan memproduksi pakan hijauan untuk ternak, Analisis pendapatan dan share pendapatan usaha ternak dan Analisis efisiensi produksi secara ekonomi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 15 Kecamatan di Kabupaten Garut yang dapat dikembangkan untuk menjadi sentra ternak. Lima kecamatan yang potensial dikembangkan terletak di daerah Kabupaten Garut bagian selatan yaitu Kecamatan Bungbulang, Cikelet, Cisompet, Pamulihan dan Cibalong. Pendapatan peternak berada diatas Upah Minimum Kabupaten (UMK) Kabupaten Garut 2014 sebesar Rp. 1.085.000 jika minimal pemeliharaan untuk satu orang peternak sebanyak 5-6 ekor sapi potong dengan pendapatan per bulan sebesar Rp 1.687.085. Share pendapatan usaha ternak sapi potong memberikan kontribusi sebesar 49,90 persen terhadap pendapatan keluarga peternak. Optimalisasi penggunaan input produksi sapi potong agar mendapatkan keuntungan maksimum jika berat optimal sapi bakalan sebesar 185 kg, lama penggemukan selama 225 hari dengan asumsi penambahan berat sapi optimal sebesar 1,2 kg/hari maka dibutuhkan pakan bahan konsentrat secara optimal sebanyak 9 kg/ekor/hari dan input pakan hijauan sebanyak 24 kg/ekor/hari.
Keyword: usaha sapi potong, pendapatan, efisiensi produksi, optimalisasi produksi

Judul: Analisis Potensi Pengembangan Peternakan Rakyat Sapi Potong di Kabupaten Garut (Studi Kasus: Peternakan Kecamatan Malangbong)
Abstrak: Development of beef cattle breeding need to be conducted in order to fulfill the public demand of beef. The necessary informations to conduct the development of beef cattle breeding are the breeding's potential in every region and economic activities of the farmers in the region. The results of this research declare that farming activities in Kecamatan Malangbong with LQ analysis amounted 6.34 which means it is the highest breeding activities in Kabupaten Garut. The total cost of a private enclosure with a farmers amounting to IDR 30 313 639 and communal cages of IDR 29 710 747. Private cage breeders net income amounting to IDR 6 436 361 with R/C ratio of 1.21 and earning ratios of 21 percent. While the profits communal cages breeders amounted to IDR 7 039 253 with R/C ratio of 1.24 and earning ratios of 24 percent. Calculation of effective KPPTR in Kecamatan Malangbong produce a negative value of -3 150.99. Calculations obtained from the difference between the Maximum KPPTR Livestock Population Unit in Kecamatan Malangbong. Negative result means Kecamatan Malangbong is not able to accommodate the number of ruminant livestock, especially cattle. Then the development of should be implemented in other regions that have a positive KPPTR.
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Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell