Judul: Design Process of Cyclodextrin Production from Sago (Metroxylon spp.) Starch
Abstrak: Luas lahan sagu Indonesia merupakan yang terbesar di dunia. Oleh karena itu, pengembangan produk berbasis pati sagu perlu digalakkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendesain proses produksi siklodekstrin dari pati sagu dalam skala besar. Tahapan yang dilakukan terdiri dari pemilihan alternatif proses, penentuan alur proses, perhitungan neraca massa, pemilihan mesin dan peralatan, penjadwalan produksi, penentuan tata letak pabrik, serta analisis ekonomi. Produksi siklodekstrin diawali dengan mereaksikan 540 kg pati sagu yang disuspensikan dengan larutan penyangga asetat dan enzim CGTase menggunakan reaktor berpengaduk. Hasil reaksi dimurnikan dengan metode ultrafiltrasi dan nanofiltrasi, lalu dikeringkan dengan pengering semprot. Produk yang diperoleh adalah 289.76 kg siklodekstrin dengan kadar air 3%. Tiga siklus produksi dapat dilakukan secara parallel dalam satu hari, dengan total waktu kerja 9 jam. Tata letak bangunan produksi ditentukan dengan peta keterkaitan aktivitas dan penilaian kedekatan total. Luas bangunan produksi sebesar 463.94 m2, dengan luas tanah 804.00 m2. Desain proses produksi siklodekstrin dari pati sagu layak secara ekonomi, dengan NPV sebesar Rp2,171,946,961, net B/C sebesar 1.56, IRR sebesar 23.32%, dan periode pengembalian selama 5.88 tahun., Sago land area of Indonesia is the largest in the world. Therefore, the development of sago starch-based products needs to be encouraged. This study aims to design a large scale production process of cyclodextrin from sago starch. The stages of this study consist of selecting alternative processes, determining process flow, calculating mass balance, selecting machinery and equipments, scheduling production, determining plant layout, and economic analysis. Cyclodextrin production begins by reacting 540 kg of sago starch in acetate buffer solution and CGTase enzymes using a stirred tank reactor. The reaction result was purified by ultrafiltration and nanofiltration methods, then dried with spray dryer. The yield of this process is 289.76 kg of cyclodextrin with 3% of moisture content. Three production cycles per day can be carried out in parallel, with a total working time of 9 hours. Production building layout is determined by activity relationship chart and total closeness rating. Production building area is 463.94 m2, with land area of 804.00 m2. Cyclodextrin production process design is economically feasible, with Rp2,171,946,961 of NPV, 1.56 of net B/C, 23.32% of IRR, and 5.88 years of payback period.
Keyword: Cyclodextrin, Design process, Feasibility, Sago starch

Judul: Desain Proses Produksi Maltodekstrin Menggunakan Pati Talas Dengan Enzim α-amilase.
Abstrak: Pati talas sangat potensial dijadikan sebagai pati industri karena memiliki swelling power dan peak viscosity yang tinggi, serta membentuk struktur gel yang halus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendesain proses produksi maltodekstrin dari pati talas menggunakan enzim α-amilase. Tahapan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari pemilihan alternatif proses, penentuan alur proses, perhitungan neraca massa, pemilihan mesin dan peralatan, penentuan tata letak pabrik, dan analisis finansial. Produksi maltodekstrin diawali dengan mereaksikan 600 kg pati talas yang disuspensikan dalam larutan CaCl2 dan enzim α-amilase sebagai katalisator dalam reaktor berpengaduk. Hasil pencampuran tersebut akan dimurnikan melalui proses ultrafiltrasi dan nanofiltrasi, kemudian dikeringkan dalam spray dryer. Produk yang diperoleh adalah 314,56 kg maltodekstrin dengan kadar air 3%. Kebutuhan energi listrik adalah 321,5 kWh/batch-nya. Tata letak bangunan ditentukan dengan metode Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) dan Total Closeness Rating (TCR). Luas bangunan produksi sebesar 211 m2, dengan luas tanah 300 m2. Desain proses produksi maltodekstrin dari pati talas layak secara ekonomi, dengan NPV sebesar Rp 7 016 913 045, Net B/C sebesar 4,61, IRR sebesar 47,43%, dan PP 3,12 tahun., Taro starch has potential to be used an industrial starch because it has high swelling power dan peak viscosity, and form a smooth gel structure. This study aims to design a production process of maltodextrin from taro starch. The stage of this study consist of selecting alternative processes, determining process flow, calculating mass balance, selecting machinery and equipments, determining plant layout, and economic analysis. Maltodextrin production begins by reacting 600 kg of taro starch in CaCl2 solution and α-amylase enzyme using a stirred tank reactor. The reaction result will purified by ultrafiltration dan nanofiltration methods, then dried by spray dryer. The yield of this process is 314,56 kg of maltodextrin with 3% of moisture content. The electrical energy required by production machinery dan equipments is 321,5 kWh/batch. Production building layout is determined by Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) dan Total Closeness Rating (TCR).. Production building area is 194 m2, with land area is 300 m2. Maltodextrin process design is economically feasible, with Rp 7 016 913 045 of NPV, 4,61 of Net B/C, 47,43% of IRR, and 3,12 years of payback period.
Keyword: Design process, feasibility, maltodextrin, taro starch

Judul: Etno-ornitologi Burung Kancilan Flores (Pachycephala nudigula nudigula Hartert 1897) pada Masyarakat Lio di Taman Nasional Kelimutu
Abstrak: Bare-throathed whistler is one of several wild birds in Kelimutu National Park (TNKL) that is believed to have correlation with Lio Community‟s belief. The estimation of Bare-throated whistler‟s population in Kelimutu National Park was about 186.41-1668.07 individual by the density about 0.0389-0.3481 ind/ha with the sex ratio 6.2:1 that spreaded on area with height of 1100 – 1600 masl. The characteristic of Bare-throated whistler‟s habitat is a natural forest with various canopy level, high plant species diversity and high density. The habitat characteristics related to the availability of food in the form of insects, cover, safety and a nesting site. Generally the most of Lio community knew the existence of Bare-throated whistler directly or from their parents‟ stories. The perceptions of Lio Community to the Bare-throated whistler‟s existence is generally support the conservation efforts. The perceptions construct the Lio Community‟s atitude that tend to be conservative to the existence of Bare-throated whistler. The attitude shown by their behavior that not cathing the Bare-throated whistler from the TNKL‟s area or the outside. The attitude have an important role to the existence of Bare-throated whistler in Kelimutu National Park‟s area.
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