Judul: Deteksi Cemaran Babi dengan Porcine Detection Kits pada Penggilingan Bakso di Kota Bogor
Abstrak: Meat adulteration has already happened in many meatball chopping shop in traditional market Kota Bogor. It contaminates the chopper and then contaminates as well the otther products which is chopped in the same meat chopping machine. The objectives from this research is showing the presence of pork contamination in the meat chopper which operates in Pasar Anyar and Pasar Bogor at Bogor city by using Porcine Detection Kits and PCR analysis. Meat samples that have been already had halal certification was chopped in three differrent meatball chopping shops (MG, JM, dan SM) at Pasar Anyar and the other three differrent meatball chopping shops (MN, MU dan HA) at Pasar Bogor by using random sampling method. Then, the samples were analysed using Porcine Detection Kits and results positive in 1 sample that was chopped in SM meatball chopping shop. The analysed samples using PCR show negative result.
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Judul: Validasi Porcine Detection Kit pada Analisis Cemaran Babi dalam Produk Daging Sapi
Abstrak: Addition of pork into beef meatball mix and mixing pork with fresh beef have become common adulterations although the demand of halal food product has increased rapidly. A test kit for detection of pork meat in food products has been introduced, however, validation procedures must be conducted to reassure the performance parameters of the test kit. Validation of porcine detection kit has been conducted by means of performance characteristic curve. The result showed that raw porcine meat detection kit and processed porcine meat detection kit tend to give unreliable results in the concentration region between 0,0095%-0,0295% and 0,215%-0,5% of pork in beef (w/w), respectively. The results also showed that the sensitivity and specificity rate of the two test kit were the same, namely 0,95. The detection limit for raw and processed porcine meat detection kits were 0,0295% and 0,5%, respectively. The detection limit of raw porcine meat detection kit showed a lower value compared to the detection limit claimed by the manufacturer. These cannot be considered an inconvenience because, in case of hazardous substances or any contaminant, the false negative rate must be controlled and, in many cases, minimized
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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