Judul: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Industri Pengolahan Crude Palm Oil (CPO) (Studi Kasus di PTPN V (Persero) Provinsi Riau)
Abstrak: LCA is a mechanism to analyze and identify environmental effect of a product on each life cycle. LCA is used to solve environmental issues related to palm oil industries. This research used LCA to identify environmental issues of CPO production process, especially on efficiency aspect and greenhouse gas emission aspect including it’s improvement scenarios. LCA method include goal and scope definition, inventory analysis, impact assessment, and results interpretation. Based on the measurement in Lubuk Dalam Palm Oil Industry, the result showed that total energy used was 6330 MJ/tonne CPO. Energy production efficiency of 1 tonne CPO expressed in Net Energy Ratio (NER) was 6.2 and Net Energy Value (NEV) was 33.03 GJ. Total GRK emission was1462.65 kg CO2 -eq per 1 tonne CPO production. Energy usage in Tandun Palm Oil Industry was 7276.7 MJ/tonne CPO with Net Energy Ratio (NER) was 5.4 and Net Energy Value (NEV) was 32.08 GJ, and total GHG emmision was 624,26 kg CO2 – eq/tonne CPO. One of significant efforts to improve energy efficiency and reduce emission is utilizing biogas from waste liquid as power plant. That scenario can reduce 970.5 kg CO2 –eq/ton CPO emission at Tandun, increase NER to 57 and NEV to 33.08.
Keyword: Net Energy, Greenhouse Gas, Life Cycle Assessment, Crude Palm Oil

Judul: Life Cycle Assessment Coconut Oil Products (Case Study at PT XYZ)
Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis daur hidup industri minyak kelapa dan alternatif perbaikan proses. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode life cycle assessment (LCA) berdasarkan ruang lingkup gate to gate. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa input untuk produksi minyak kelapa terdiri dari kopra sebagai bahan baku utama dan beberapa bahan pendukung dan energi. Outputnya adalah minyak kelapa, pelet ampas kelapa, dan limbah (cair, padat, dan gas). Total potensi emisi GRK, asidifikasi, dan eutrofikasi per kg produk minyak kelapa adalah 2,9271 kg-CO₂ₑ, 0,0178 kg-SO2-eq, dan 0,0145 kg-PO₄3- -eq. Emisi GRK tertinggi dihasilkan dari sub-sistem Pabrik Crude Coconut Oil Plant sebesar 1,2045 kg-CO₂ₑ per-kg-minyak-kelapa. Potensi asidifikasi yang dihasilkan dari subsistem Boiler Plant dan Transportasi dengan nilai potensial masing-masing 0,0094 kg-SO2-eq dan 0,0084 kg-SO2-eq per-kg-minyak-kelapa. Potensi eutrofikasi yang dihasilkan dari sub-sistem Boiler Plant dan Transportasi dengan nilai potensial masing-masing 0,0026 kg kg PO₄3- -eq dan 0,0119 kg-PO₄3- -eq per-kg-minyak kelapa. Optimalisasi penggunaan energi dapat dilakukan dengan mengoptimalkan penggunaan bahan bakar, air, dan listrik pada setiap sub sistem produksi minyak kelapa., The objective of this study was to analyze the life cycle of the coconut oil industry and process improvement alternatives. The methods using life cycle assessment (LCA) method based on the scope of gate to gate. The resuls of this study shows that the input for coconut oil production consists of copra as the main raw material and several supporting materials and energy. The outputs are coconut oil, coconut pulp pellets, and waste (liquid, solid, and gas). The total potential GHG emissions, acidification, and eutrophication per-kg-coconut-oil-products are 2.9271 kg-CO₂ₑ, 0.0178 kg-SO2-eq, and 0.0145 kg-PO ₄ - ³-eq. The highest GHG emissions are produced from sub-system of Crude Coconut Oil Plant was 1.2045 kg-CO₂ₑ per-kg-coconut-oil. Acidification potential produced from sub-system of Boiller Plant and Transportation with the potential value were 0.0094 kg-SO2-eq and 0.0084 kg-SO2-eq per-kg-coconut-oil, respectively. Eutrophication potential produced from sub-system of Boiller Plant and Transportation with a potential value were 0.0026 kg-PO ₄ - ³-eq and 0.0119 kg PO ₄ - ³-eq pe- kg-coconut-oil, respectively. Optimization of energy usage can be done by optimizing the use of fuel, water, and electricity in each sub-system of coconut oil production.
Keyword: Acidification, Coconut oil, Eutrophication, GHG, LCA, NER, NEV

Judul: Trichomonas Gallinae Penyebab Trichomonosis Pada Unggas
Abstrak: Trichomonas gallinae adalah protozoa yang bergerak aktof dengan keempat flagella yang mempunyai layar dan pada salah satu sisinya terdapat membran seperti sirip ikan yang berombak. Spesies dari genus Trichomonas ini mempunyai arti penting pada unggas, karena dapat menyebabkan infeksi pada alat pencernaan bagian atas.
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