Judul: Perilaku Kewirausahaan pada Usaha Mikro Kecil (UMK) di Bogor, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Entrepreneurial was believed as the wheel of economic growth, as well as entrepreneur is also regarded as an innovator in economic development. The high percentage of the number of entrepreneurs in a country have correlation with the growing well economy (Schumpeter in Casson et al 2006). Data from Kemenkop stated that dominant business in Indonesia is from Micro Small Enterprises (MSEs) with a percentage of 90 %. Nevertheless, this business owner is not counted as an entrepreneur in accordance with Kemenkop assessment. This is associated with the accorded data of number entrepreneurs in Indonesia during 2013, only range about 1.90 % of the total population in Indonesia. This percentage is still very small compared to other Asian countries, Referring to the definition of entrepreneur as an individual who has the ability to create something, to work alone, and to face the risk by leveraging existing opportunities (Casson et al 2006). Empowering the Micro Small Enterprises (MSEs) is one of the best strategic plan because of it has not only great potential in activating economic activities, but also for increasing source of income to improve the welfare of community. Small micro-business is a business that is able to withstand the crisis, as well as micro enterprises that produce tempe in Indonesia. This enterprises has unique characteristics and supply raw materials for producing tempe 100 % derived from soybean imports. Thus, the price change of soybeans will directly influence to business development and also the behavior of producers in negotiating for these circumstances. This enterprises was mostly hereditary, traditional, and small scale home business. However, despite these enterprises are constrained by prices of raw materials and capital, entrepreneurs persist to exist for years despite business growth is not significant . Thus, that behaviors underlying above are the basis on this entrepreneurial behavior research in MSEs. The purpose of this study were (1) identify the characteristics of entrepreneurs in MSE industry (2) analyze the effect of entrepreneurial characteristics and the business climate for entrepreneurial behavior (3) analyze the effect of entrepreneurial behavior on its performance. This research was conducted in Bogor, West Java from November 2014 until July 2015. The number of samples was 121 respondents, taken with purposive sampling technique. Primary data was collected by direct interviews with questionnaire. Data were analyzed with descriptive analysis and multivariate analysis with Structural Equation Models (SEM). Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the characteristics of entrepreneurs, while SEM is used to analyze the relationship between exogenous latent variables of entrepreneurial characteristics and the business climate with latent variables of entrepreneurial behavior and perspective business performance. Descriptive analysis showed that entrepreneurial characteristics was found on the MSE, and increasing scale of production it will be influence on entrepreneurial characteristics. The results of SEM analysis showed that internal factors entrepreneurial characteristics (EC) has a strong influence on entrepreneurial behavior of producer (MSEs). The most variable that reflecting the entrepreneurial character tempe is innovative character. Innovative characteristics that was conducted by producer is innovate on the product, change the size, make a kind of super quality tempe, or make tempe
Keyword: entrepreneurial behavior, entrepreneurial characteristics micro small enterprises (MSES), structural equation models (SEM), tempe industrial

Judul: Pengaruh Orientasi Kewirausahaan terhadap Kinerja UMKM Tahu di Kabupaten Bogor dengan Gaya Pengambilan Keputusan sebagai Variabel Moderator
Abstrak: Entrepreneurship has become an important concern to develop socioeconomic growth of the country. The more developed a country, there are many educated people but there are also many unemployed. So that increasingly perceived the importance of entrepreneurship. Economic independence of a country, especially Indonesia can be built through entrepreneurship. Therefore, it can be said that entrepreneurship has an important role on the economy and labor conditions in Indonesia. Entrepreneurship concept can be applied to several sectors, such as Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). SMEs provide a substantial contribution to Gross Domestic Product of Indonesia. SMEs contribute about 50 percent to national GDP, and every year tends to increase. SMEs sector has a considerable role for the overall economic development. However, in fact enhancement the competitiveness of SMEs often face constraints due to the small economies of scale and availability of limited resources. SMEs which are facing the obstacles is the tofu SMEs in Bogor Regency. The general trend which happen in business environment is shortening life cycle of products and business models. As a result, the profit which gotten is uncertain and business need to look for new opportunities. Entrepreneurship orientation is the process of a company to do the business (business strategy) and create a good performance. Based on the identification of business conditions or business carried on, tofu entrepreneur could get benefit from adopting or implementing entrepreneurship orientation. The purpose of this study are 1) to analyze the factors that influence the entrepreneurship orientation of tofu entrepreneur to improve the business performance 2) to analyze the dimensions of entrepreneurship orientation of tofu entrepreneur to improve business performance and 3) to analyze the effect of entrepreneurship orientation of tofu entrepreneur in Bogor Regency towards business performance with decision making style as moderator variable. This study was conducted in 14 districts of Bogor Regency based on the sampling frame from KOPTI Bogor Regency. Data which used in this study are primary data and secondary data. Primary data was obtained from interviews with administrators KOPTI and 100 tofu entrepreneur at each location using a list of questions (questionnaire) that has been provided. Secondary data were obtained by studying books and resources that are relevant to the topic under study from the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs, the Central Bureau of Statistics, and KOPTI Bogor Regency. Collection of secondary data obtained also from literature, obtained either in the library or from other places such as the results of previous research on the study of entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship orientation, as well as the performance of SMEs, both in the print media (tabloids and magazines), and electronic media (internet). The instrument which used in this study are questionnaire, electronic data storage and recording devices. The analysis used are descriptive and quantitative analysis Partial Least Square (PLS) with SmartPLS program. Results of this study indicate factors that influence entrepreneurship orientation of tofu entrepreneur in Bogor Regency consist of resources, business characteristics, the external environment, and the role of government. The factors that most influence of entrepreneurship orientation is resources. Factors that influence the entrepreneurial orientation next is
Keyword: Entrepreneurship orientation, tofu, SMEs, Partial Least Square

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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