Judul: Variability of Agronomic Characters and Potential Yield of F8 Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Population from Cross of Numbu × Samurai 2
Abstrak: Pengembangan varietas unggul sorgum diperlukan untuk mendapatkan varietas sorgum yang memiliki produktivitas tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keragaman karakter agronomi dan menguji daya hasil 29 galur F8 sorgum hasil persilangan varietas Numbu × Samurai 2 serta mengidentifikasi galur yang memiliki potensi hasil lebih baik dari varietas pembanding. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Muara, Bogor pada bulan Agustus sampai November 2023. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak augmented dengan genotipe sebagai perlakuan. Genotipe yang digunakan terdiri dari 29 galur sorgum (F8) hasil persilangan Numbu × Samurai 2, serta 3 varietas pembanding (Bioguma 1, Kawali, Soper 6 Agritan). Galur F8 ditanam tanpa ulangan, sedangkan 3 varietas pembanding diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan genotipe berpengaruh nyata terhadap beberapa karakter. Heritabilitas pada genotipe uji memiliki nilai yang rendah hingga tinggi berkisar 0,05-0,88. Hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan bahwa bobot biji per malai berhubungan erat dan positif terhadap karakter tinggi tanaman, panjang daun, lebar daun, diameter batang, bobot malai basah, bobot malai kering, bobot 1000 butir, bobot brangkasan, bobot batang, dan nira. Diperoleh 10 galur terbaik yang berhasil terseleksi yang memiliki komponen hasil tinggi sehingga potensial dikembangkan sebagai varietas sorgum pangan., The development of superior sorghum varieties is needed to obtain high productivity sorghum varieties. This study aims to analyze the diversity of agronomic characters and test the yield of 29 F8 sorghum lines resulting from crossing the Numbu × Samurai 2 varieties and identify lines that have better yield potential than comparison varieties. The research was conducted at the Muara Experimental Garden, Bogor from August to November 2023. The experimental design was arranged in an augmented randomized complete group design with genotype as the treatment. 29 genotypes from Numbu × Samurai 2 of F8 population and varieties Bioguma 1, Kawali, Soper 6 Agritan as check was used in this research. The F8 line was planted without repetition, while the 3 comparison varieties were repeated 3 times. The results of analysis of variance showed that genotype had a significant effect on several characters. Heritability for the test genotypes had low to high values ranging from 0.05-0.88. The results of the correlation analysis showed that seed weight per panicle was closely and positively related to the characteristics of plant height, leaf length, leaf width, stem diameter, wet panicle weight, dry panicle weight, 1000 grain weight, stover weight, stem weight, and sap. The 10 best selected lines have high yield components so that they have the potential to be developed as food sorghum varieties.
Keyword: augmented, correlation, heritability, selection, variability, yield

Judul: Keragaan Karakter Agronomi dan Hasil Galur Sorgum Generasi F7 Hasil Seleksi Pedigree-Bulk
Abstrak: Sorgum merupakan salah satu komoditas pangan untuk diversifikasi pangan yang memiliki banyak potensi untuk dikembangkan. Tujuan penelitian adalah memperoleh galur-galur sorgum generasi F7 hasil seleksi pedigree dan bulk yang mempunyai keragaan karakter agronomi, komponen hasil yang unggul. Galur-galur F7 hasil seleksi tersebut diuji untuk mendukung pelepasan varietas. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai Juli 2021 di Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo dan Laboratorium Pemuliaan Tanaman Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura IPB University. Materi genetik yang digunakan yaitu 17 galur F7 hasil persilangan PI 10-90-A x Numbu, PI 150-20-A x Numbu, dan PI 150-20-A x Kawali. Percobaan disusun menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak dengan satu perlakuan genotipe yang diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan genotipe berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap karakter tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang daun, diameter batang, umur berbunga, umur panen, panjang malai, biomas basah, biomas kering, potensi biomas basah per hektar, potensi biomas kering per hektar, bobot malai kering, bobot biji per malai, dan bobot 1000 biji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan genotipe A-1-23-1-1 berpotensi untuk produksi bioetanol. Genotipe B-4-6-7 berpotensi dikembangkan untuk sorgum varietas genjah. Genotipe C-375-17-5-9 berpotensi untuk dijadikan galur harapan berdaya hasil unggul. Genotipe dari galur hasil pemuliaan menunjukkan respon sangat tahan terhadap penyakit antraknosa dan karat daun, kecuali B-14-25-5-6 dan B-182-5-12-7., Sorghum is one of the food commodities for food diversification that has a lot of potential to be developed. The research aimed to obtain F7 generation sorghum lines from pedigree and bulk selection was had superior agronomic characters and yield components. The selected F7 lines were tested to support the release of varieties. The research was conducted from February to July 2021 at Leuwikopo Experimental Farm and Plant Breeding Laboratory of the Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University. The genetic materials used were 17 F7 lines from the cross of PI 10-90-A x Numbu, PI 150-20-A x Numbu, and PI 150-20-A x Kawali. The experiment was arranged using a randomized complete block design with one genotype treatment factor which were replicated three times. Analysis of variance showed that genotypes had a very significant effect on the characters of plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, stem diameter, flowering age, harvest age, panicle length, fresh biomass, dry biomass, potential fresh biomass per hectare, potential dry biomass per hectare, dry panicle weight, seed weight per panicle, and weight of 1000 seeds. The results showed that genotype A-1-23-1-1 has the potential for bioethanol production. Genotype B-4-6-7 has the potential to be developed for early-maturity sorghum varieties. Genotype C-375-17-5-9 has the potential to be used as a high-yielding hope lines. The breeding lines showed a very resistant response to anthacnose and leaf rust, except for the B-14-25-5-6 and B-182-5-12-7.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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