Judul: The tendency of regional economic convergence and the role of marine in the Indonesian economy
Abstrak: The purposes of this research were: (1). Acquiring information about economic disparity and estimating the tendency of economic convergence, as well as estimating the determinants for the Indonesian regional economic growth; (2) Analyzing the role of Marine sectors in the regional economy in Indonesia; (3). Analyzing the impacts of both Marine sectors and spatial economic development – through changes in the value of final demands’ components – towards the economy and disparity changes or the tendency of regional economic convergence. The research was focused on Indonesian provincial regions and its main islands, with three analysis approaches, such as Theil’s Index, Panel Data Econometric Model, and Interregional Input-Output (IRIO) Model. The data used were secondary data, comprised of a 1985-2010 Panel Data and a 2005 and 2010 Indonesian IRIO Table. The analysis resulted in the findings that, during the 1985-2010 periods, the Indonesian economic disparities between provinces were considered low with a greater composition of source from within the regions than from among the main islands. The tendency of convergence within both provincial and main-islands economy – during 1985-2010 period – did happen with a slow pace. The model also showed that the tendency of convergence could be accelerated by controlling the economic-growthdetermining variables.The marine sectors had a major role in the Indonesian regional economyas shown by its high degree of linkage and multipliers, as well as its positive marine share role in stimulating growth and the pace of regional economic convergence. From the sectors point of view, the policy of increasing the final demands components from every region would lead to better economic performance, and higher tendency of overall regional economic convergence. Spatially, the aforementioned policy would potentially keep the pace of growth of the national economy. Relatively, focusing the economic activities towards increasing final demands for marine outputs within the Eastern Regions of Indonesia would slow the national economic growth down, but lessen the disparity problem – or increasing the regional economic convergence. Therefore, it would require disparity-lessening or regional-economic-convergenceincreasing policies with an emphasis on the role of marine sectors in Indonesia which could be paired with the efforts of strengthening the interrelation or connectivity that would create both sectoral and spatial economic interdependencies among regions in Indonesia. The commitment of focusing the economic activities towards the Eastern Regions of Indonesia –including the marine sectors – would also require the implementation of an economic-growth-steadying policy.
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Judul: The Impact of Investment-Driven Sectoral Productivity Change on Regional Economic Disparity in Indonesia
Abstrak: The objectives of this study are to examine the impact of sectoral investment on microeconomic and macroeconomic performances and on regional disparity in Indonesia. Spatial inequality is an important issue in economic development and Indonesia still has very large regional income disparity. The sectoral investment has an important role in increasing productivity in order to encourage economic growth and equity. Investment allocation in Indonesia is still focused on the industrial sector and the Island of Java. Even though structural change in the Indonesian economy is happening, which is the shift from predominantly agricultural economy to one dominated by the industrial and services sectors, but most of the regions’ economies are still dominated by the agricultural sector and in general their incomes per capita are relatively low. The multiregional Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) top-down model is a comfortable method to analyze the objectives of this study. The main finding was that the priority of investment allocation into the agricultural, agro-industrial and infrastructural sectors (the implementation of the Agricultural Development Led-Industrialisation (ADLI) strategy supported by infrastructure construction) shows the best impact on increasing the sectoral output and growth and on decreasing regional disparity. This happens because infrastructural investment can generate productivity growth in all economic sectors and investment in agricultural sector shows the highest productivity growth compared to productivity growth in the other sectors. Therefore, increases in agricultural investment has a relatively strong impact upon regional disparity reduction and increases in infrastructural investment strongly encourages improvements in the sectoral and national output. But, the ADLI strategy supported by infrastructure construction has a weak impact on increasing the sectoral employment and on distributing equitable households income due to poor development in the agro-industrial sector.
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Judul: Leukemia pada kucing
Abstrak: Leukemia pada kucing adalah suatu penyakit yang sangat patogen, disebabkan oleh sejenis virus. Virus ini dikenal sebagai Feline Leukemia Virus atau FeLV. FeLV ini oleh beberapa ahli dikatakan hanya bersifat ganas pada hewan kucing. Penularannya bisa secara horizontal maupun congenital. Kucing pada semua tingkat umur dapat terserang oleh FeLV ini. Khusus pada bentuk "thymic leukemia", virus ini hanya menyerang anak-anak kucing berumur diba- wah 1 tahun. Kucing-kucing liar atau yang tidak terpeli- hara jarang sekali terinfeksi FeLV. Selain dari serangan virus FeLV itu sendiri, maka penyakit leukemia ini bisa disebabkan oleh beberapa fak- tor yang sudah ada dalam tubuh hewan dan sangat menunjang perkembangan penyakit ini, yaitu antara lain tumor, agen toksik, cedera oleh kecelakaan dan gangguan hemopoiesis. FeLV menyerang sel-sel darah dalam tubuh hewan se- hingga pembentukan darah berjalan tidak normal. Terlihat sel-sel darah yang belum dewasa sudah beredar dalam sir- kulasi darah. Bentuk dan jumlahnya tidak lagi seimbang dalam tubuh hewan kucing tersebut. Gejala klinis antara lain kekurusan, ikterus, anemia, lemah, anoreksia, dyspnoe, sulit menelan, batuk, dan membran mukosa pucat. Selain itu kelenjar pertahanan tubuh juga membengkak, kemudian terjadi hepatomegali, spleenomegali dan pembengkakan pada ginjal. Terbentuk massa tumor pada beberapa tempat. Secara biopsy pada sumsum tulang akan terlihat be- berapa perubahan. Sumsum tulang berwarna merah tua atau abu-abu. Konsistensinya lunak dan terdapat banyak sekali memproduksi sel darah putih. Melalui gambaran darah leukemia ini lebih mudah didiagnosa. Jumlah retikulosit rendah sekali. PCV 8-15%, hemoglobin menurun, sel darah putih (WBC) meningkat, lim- fosit meningkat, Alfaglobulin juga ada peningkatan, dan banyak eosinofil yang belum dewasa beredar dalam darah…dst
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