Judul: Performa Reproduksi dan Produksi Sapi Brahman Cross pada Peternakan Rakyat Sistem Penggembalaan
Abstrak: Program budidaya sapi brahman cross dengan sistem penggembalaan telah diterapkan pada peternakan rakyat di provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Badan Usaha Milik Petani PT Cahaya Abadi Petani (BUMP PT CAP) merupakan salah satu usaha peternakan rakyat berbadan hukum yang dipercaya oleh pemerintah Australia untuk melakukan pengembangbiakan sapi Brahman cross dengan sistem penggembalaan (open grazing). Penelitian ini menggunakan populasi sapi brahman cross sebanyak 103 ekor induk dan 11 ekor pejantan dan bertujuan mengetahui performa reproduksi dan produksi sapi Brahman cross yang dipelihara peternak dengan sistem penggembalaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dengan parameter reproduksi dan produksi meliputi angka kelahiran, selang beranak, mortalitas, sex ratio, skor kondisi tubuh, dan bobot badan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode survei dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan tingkat kematian pedet dan sapi dewasa relatif rendah, masing-masing sebesar 3,24% dan 1.62%. Rata-rata tingkat kelahiran anak mencapai 66,05% dari populasi betina produktif dengan selang beranak 14.60 bulan. Bobot badan dan skor kondisi tubuh sapi brahman cross untuk semua kategori umur dan jenis kelamin cukup tinggi. Sapi brahman cross dapat dikembangkan di peternakan rakyat secara open grazing dengan produktivtas baik.
Keyword: brahman cross, grazing, performance, production, reproduction

Judul: Kajian Penampilan Reproduksi Sapi Brahman Cross Program Aksi Perbibitan di Indonesia
Abstrak: Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengamati dan mengkaji tampilan reproduksi sapi Brahman Cross ex-impor yang dibuntingkan dan disebar ke daerah-daerah di Indonesia. Sebanyak 7.782 ekor sapi Brahman Cross yang telah beradaptasi minimal 3,5 bulan dan bunting 3 bulan telah didistribusikan oleh pemerintah (Direktorat Jenderal Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan) selama 3 periode yaitu 2006, 2007, dan 2008. Sebanyak 4.387 ekor anak sapi atau pedet telah lahir di 3 regional yang berbeda yaitu Sumatera, Jawa, dan Kawasan Timur Indonesia (Kalimantan Selatan, Kalimantan Timur, Sulawesi Selatan, Sulawesi Tengah, dan Gorontalo). Data diatas menunjukkan persentase kelahiran sebesar 56,4% selama masa 2,5 tahun program. Program evaluasi dan pengawasan telah dilaksanakan oleh Dinas Peternakan Indonesia dibawah Direktorat Jenderal Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan pada tahun 2008 dan 2009. Banyak kendala yang ditemukan, seperti malnutrisi, berahi tenang (silent heat), kawin berulang (repeat breeding), anestrus, bahkan kematian. Hasil-hasil yang ditemukan mengindikasikan bahwa program aksi perbibitan nasional Indonesia ini membutuhkan perbaikan secara menyeluruh yang mengacu pada Good Breeding Practices (GBP)
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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