Judul: Isolasi dan Identifikasi Genetik Monokarion Jamur Tiram (Pleurotus sp.)
Abstrak: One way to obtain high quality isolates in breeding programe is hybridization to increase genetic variation of offspring. The first step for hybridization was monokaryons collection. Monokaryon is haploid primer hyphae resulted of single basidiospore germinated. The research aim to provide Pleurotus sp. monokarions which their mating type has been identified, also conduct monokaryon genotype characteritation through Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism technique (AFLP). This research used basidocarp of one strain of Pleurotus sp. Methods in this research were consisted of: monokaryon isolation, mating type test, segregation test, and genotype variation analysis which consist of DNA isolation, and AFLP. This research successfully got 30 monokaryons which were distributed into four mating types, those are P1O1, P2O2, P1O2, dan P2O1. Two mating type genes present segregation and random assortment theory. Result of AFLP data clustering analysis showed monokaryons had two main group which could be used as considering to choose parentals with far genetic difference.
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Judul: Analisis Keanekaragaman Isolat Pleurotus spp. Liar dan Domestik Berdasar Sifat Morfologi, Fisiologi dan Molekuler
Abstrak: Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus spp.) are edible mushroom with high diversity. Cultivated oyster isolates in Indonesia are from local isolates as well as from outside Indonesia. Report on their genetic diversity based on characteristic of morphological and physiological are still scare found in Indonesia, even analytic based on molecular characteristic is never report in Indonesia. This study was aimed to identify several kind of wild and domestic isolates of oyster mushrooms based on morphological, physiological, genetic, and molecular characteristic. The result indicated that there were two groups of isolates based on morphological characteristic of a fruiting body, A group and B group. A group was consisted ofHHB247 isolate (pink color) and nine isolates (white and brown color) grouped on B which then divided into two groups B1 and B2_ This B1 divided into two groups C1 and C2. C1 included only one isolate that was HHB215 isolate (brown color ) and C2 include one white color isolate (sp2) and one brown color isolate (sp6). B2 divided two groups D1 and D2, D1 included two white color isolates (sp3, sp5) and one brown color isolate (HHB328). D2 included three white color isolates (HHB327, sp4 and spl). Based on morphological characteristic the, ten of oyster mushroom isolates can not be in groups related to the color of fruiting bodies. The result indicated that there were two groups of isolates based on physiological characteristic, A group and B group. A group was consisted of HHB247 isolate (pink color) and nine isolates (white and brown color) grouped on B which then divided into two groups B1 and B2. B1 included only one isolate that was sp6 isolate (brown color). B2 divided two groups Cl and C2. Cl included two brown color isolates (HHB215, HHB328), C2 divided two groups Dl and D2. Dl include five white color isolates (spl, sp2, sp3, sp4, and sp5), D2 included only one isolate that was HHB327 isolate (white color). Based on physiological characteristic, ten of oyster mushroom isolates can be in groups related to the color. The frequency of mating between single spores of intra isolates (similar color of fruiting bodies) was highly (60% - 74%), but the frequency of mating between inter isolates was O %. Molecular analysis on Pleurotus spp. and Lentinus isolates was done using RAPD molecular marker with five primers (RP-2, RP-3, Rp-3, RP-4 and RP-6). The result indicated that there were two groups of isolates based on moleculer characteristic, A group and B group. A divided two groups Al and A2. Al included only one isolate that was HHB307 isolate ( the color was not determined), and A2 included six white color isolates (HHB327, Spl, Sp2, Sp3, Sp4, and Sp5) with 100% of similarity index. B divided two groups Bl and B2. Bl included three brown color isolates (HHB32S, HHB215 and sp6) with two last isolates had 100% of similarity index, and B2 included one...dst
Keyword: jamur tiram, RAPD, mating, analisis molekuler, spora tunggal

Judul: Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Air DAS Babak Nusa Tenggara Barat.
Abstrak: Air merupakan sumberdaya alam esensial yang sangat dibutuhkan oleh manusia dan makhluk hidup lainnya. Ketersediaan air pada dasarnya berasal dari air hujan. Air bertransformasi melalui daur hidrologi. Hujan yang jatuh akan menguap kembali sesuai dengan proses daur ulangnya, sebagian akan mengalir melalui permukaan dan bawah permukaan, sungai atau danau dan sebagian akan meresap ke tanah tanah. Ketersediaan air sangat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor yaitu iklim, geologi, dan geomorofologi, hidrologi, vegetasi serta penggunaan lahan. Penggunaan lahan mengontrol proses-proses terkait dengan intersepsi curah hujan dan evapotranspirasi berpengaruh terhadap penyimpanan dan aliran air. Perubahan peggunaan lahan akan merubah proses hidrologi dan berdampak pada berkurangnya suplai air. Perencanaan pengelolaan sumberdaya air dapat dipelajari dan direncanakan secara sistematik melalui Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) sebagai unit (satuan) hidrologi dengan melakukan pemodelan hidrologi. Pemodelan akan memberikan gambaran sederhana suatu sistem hidrologi, dan dapat digunakan untuk mempelajari fungsi dan respon DAS terhadap berbagai masukan. Model hidrologi dapat digunakan untuk mempelajari kejadian, serta memprediksi kejadian hidrologi. Salah satu model hidrologi yang biasa digunakan dalam mengelola sumberdaya air di DAS adalah Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Model hidrologi SWAT menggunakan input data yang berkesinambungan, dan memprediksi perubahan proses hidrologi terhadap berbagai perubahan masukan. Neraca air merupakan pendekatan yang digunakan untuk melihat kondisi keseimbangan antara ketersediaan dan kebutuhan air di suatu wilayah. Ketersediaan air pada dasarnya berasal dari air hujan, aliran permukaan, air tanah dan mata air. Sedangkan kebutuhan air dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yaitu jumlah industri, populasi penduduk serta populasi ternak. Neraca air di DAS Babak perlu diketahui untuk melihat apakah terjadi surplus atau defisit air. Apabila terjadi surplus maka kualitas DAS perlu dipertahankan, jika terjadi defisit perlu dilakukakan pengelolaan untuk meningkatkan ketersediaan air. Model hidrologi SWAT digunakan untuk melihat respon hidrologi terhadap berbagai skenario pengelolaan sumberdaya air yang diterapkan pada DAS Babak. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan mulai bulan November 2018 hingga Mei 2019. Penelitian dimulai dengan pengumpulan literatur serta data sekunder dan pengambilan data lapangan yang dilakukan di DAS Babak. Lokasi penelitian terletak di DAS Babak provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB). Penelitian meliputi analisis neraca air dan melakukan simulasi pengelolaan sumberdaya air. Neraca air dihasilkan dari membandingkan ketersedian dan kebutuhan air. Ketersedian air di hasilkan dari menghitung debit rata-rata dari sungai Babak. Kebutuhan air dihasilkan dari menghitung kebutuhan air untuk domestik, sawah irigasi, peternakan dan perikanan. Simulasi pengelolaan sumberdaya air DAS Babak menggunakan 3 skenario. Skenario 1 yaitu dengan menambah luasan kawasan hutan dan skenario 2 dengan penerapan teknik konservasi tanah dan air berupa agroforestry serta skenario 3 yang merupakan gabungan dari skenario 1 dan skenario 2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi surplus air pada tahun 2013 dan pada tahun 2014 serta 2015 DAS Babak mengalami defisit air. Pada tahun 2016 dan 2017 mengalami surplus air. Neraca air hasil perhitungan berdasarkan ketersedian air rata-rata tahun 2013 sampai tahun 2017 menghasilkan jumlah air sebesar 373 262 358 m3, sedangkan untuk kebutuhan air di DAS Babak pada tahun 2017 mencapai 364 606 298 m3. Berdasarkan perbandingan ketersediaan dan kebutuhan air. Neraca air tahunan di DAS Babak menunjukkan terjadi surplus air sebesar 8 656 060 m3. Model hidrologi SWAT menghasilkan nilai Nash-Sutcliffe Efficency (NSE)
Keyword: neraca air, model SWAT, penggunaan lahan