Judul: Pendugaan Parameter Demografi dan Pola Penggunaan Ruang Surili (Presbytis comata) di Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai
Abstrak: Surili is an endemic primates of West Java. Its status is protected species based on PP. 7 of 1999, endangered species (IUCN) as well as classified in to Appendix II category, CITES. Data about demography parameter and use space pattern of Surili in Ciremai Mount National Park is necessary as one of the basic case in area management, including for species management, habitat development, drafting or revision zoning and the national park management plan. The research aimed to observation estimate of demography parameter of Surili in Ciremai Mount National Park Area which includes population size, natality, mortality, sex ratio and age composition and to identify use spatial pattern of surili there. Research was conducted at the Ciremai Mount National Park area for five months from Oktober 2012 to Februari 2013. As many as 28 observation points of demography parameter, and 4 points observation of its daily use space pattern. Data of demography parameter taken by concentration count method and data of use spatial pattern taken by focal animal sampling method. Total number of individuals from 28 points observation as many as 164 individuals, with the distribution of 48 individuals in the lowland forest with an average group size (8.00 ± 4.50), 56 individuals in the sub-montane forest with an average group size (5.6 ± 2.49) and 60 individuals in the mountain forest with an average group size (5.00 ± 2.07). Sex ratio total at 28 observation points was 1 : 2, with annual age (Adult : Adult Hood : Kid) 7 : 10 : 11. Value of total natality at 28 observation points was 0.125, with highest mortality value from adult hood to adult was 0,34 . Average of Surili daily cruising area in block Haurcucuk (representative type of lowland forest) was 1.13 ha, with an average daily track length of 516.80 m. Block Kalawija and Saninten (representative type of sub-montane forest), their average daily ranges in series were 2.08 ha and 3.32 ha, with an average daily track length of 935.25 m and 1092.29 m. Next on the block Cigowong (representative type of mountain forests), its average daily cruising area was 5.48 ha, with average daily track length was 1188,3m.
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Judul: Karakteristik Habitat dan Distribusi Surili Presbytis comata di Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai
Abstrak: Surili Presbytis comata merupakan primata yang hanya tersebar di Pulau Jawa bagian barat (Kool 1992). Surili oleh IUCN dikategorikan sebagai spesies terancam punah, oleh CITES dimasukan ke dalam Appendiks II, dan oleh Pemerintah RI dilindungi melalui SK Mentan No.247/Kpts/Um/1979 dan UU No.5 Tahun 1990. Gangguan manusia terhadap habitat merupakan ancaman utama bagi populasi surili (Gurmaya & Supriatna 1994). Total populasi surili yang tersisa sekitar 4.000-6.000 individu (Supriatna & Wahyono 2000). Penelitian tentang surili masih sedikit sehingga informasi yang tersedia pun masih terbatas (Ruhiyat 1983, Supriatna & Wahyono 2000). Salah satu lokasi penyebaran surili adalah Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai (TNGC). TNGC saat ini masih mengalami permasalahan seperti penggarapan lahan, kebakaran hutan, dan pencurian kayu. Selain itu, kendala pelestarian surili di TNGC juga berupa belum cukupnya data terkait surili. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi tipe dan karakteristik habitat, mengidentifikasi distribusi dan ukuran kelompok, dan mengidentifikasi hubungan komponen habitat dengan ukuran kelompok surili. Penelitian meliputi Seksi Pengelolaan Taman Nasional (SPTN) Wilayah Kuningan dan SPTN Wilayah Majalengka, dan dimulai dari 21 Desember 2009 sampai 13 Maret 2010. Peralatan yang digunakan antara lain teropong, pita ukur, altimeter, kamera, dan GPS receiver merk Garmin. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa data habitat dan data populasi surili. Data habitat dikumpulkan melalui metode petak ganda (Soerianegara & Indrawan 2005) dan pencatatan koordinat serta ketinggian lokasi penelitian. Data populasi dan satwa lainnya dikumpulkan menggunakan metode encountering count (Hassel-Finnegan et al. 2008). Pengolahan data habitat dilakukan melalui penghitungan indeks nilai penting (Soerianegara & Indrawan 2005), indeks keanekaragaman Shannon- Wiener, indeks kesamaan Morisita (Ludwig & Reynolds 1988), dan indeks penyebaran Morisita (Krebs 1989). Kelerengan lahan, jarak habitat terhadap lahan garapan, dan ketinggian habitat dianalisis secara spasial dan kuantitatif. Distribusi kelompok surili dianalisis secara spasial. Data ukuran kelompok surili dianalisis berupa ukuran rata-rata dan kisarannya. Komponen habitat dominan diidentifikasi menggunakan regresi linier berganda (Supranto 2004). Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan, surili menempati tiga tipe habitat, yakni hutan dataran rendah (3 blok), hutan subpegunungan (10 blok), dan hutan pegunungan (13 blok). Surili tidak dijumpai pada hutan subalpin karena diduga terkait kondisi suhu udara. Suhu udara dapat bertindak sebagai penentu perkembangan mahluk hidup (MacKenzie et al 2001). Habitat utama surili adalah hutan dataran rendah dan daerah pegunungan yang tidak terlalu tinggi (Hoogerworf 1970) sehingga pada dasarnya sudah terbiasa pada habitat yang suhunya relatif tinggi....dst
Keyword: Group size, Gunung Ciremai National Park, habitat, Presbytis comata

Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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