Judul: Pengaruh Penambahan Asam Fulvat dalam Ransum Terhadap Performa Ayam Broiler
Abstrak: Fulvic acid (FA), a class of compounds resulting from decomposition of organic matter, is a part of the humic structure. FA has ability to chelate trace minerals to enhance the uptake of nutrients. This study was designed to investigate whether inclusions of FA into diets of broiler chickens could improve broiler performances. Three hundred and seventy five broilers were allocated into five groups : (R0) control diet (without fulvic acid), (R1) = R0 + 0.25% FA, (R2) = R0 + 0.5% FA, (R3) = R0 + 0.75% FA, (R4) = R0 + 1% FA. Each treatment consisted of 5 replications and used 15 broilers of each. Feed and water were offered ad libitum . Parameters observed were feed intake, final body weight, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and mortality. Data from completely Randomized Design were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and any significant different was further tested using Duncan multiple range test. Feed intake, final body weight, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio were not affected by fulvic acid supplementation (P>0.05). Supplementation of fulvic acid 0.50% decreased mortality rate of broilers composed to the control diet.
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Judul: Pengaruh pemberian asam fulvat dalam ransum terhadap bobot karkas, organ dalam dan kolesterol daging ayam broiler.
Abstrak: Fulvic Acid (FA), a class of compounds resulting from decomposition of organic matter, is a part of the humic structure. FA has ability to chelate trace minerals to enable of nutrients uptake. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of FA into the diets on body weight, carcass, giblets, and meat cholesterol of broiler chickens. Three hundred and seventy five broilers were allocated into five treatments : R0 (basal diet without FA), R1 (R0 + 0.25% FA), R2 (R0 + 0.50% FA), R3 (R0 + 0.75% FA), and R4 (R0 + 1.00% FA). The treatments were carried out for 5 weeks. Each group consisted of 5 replications with 15 broiler chickens for each replication. Feed and drinking water were served ad libitum. Parameters observed were body weight, percentage of carcass, giblets, digestive tract, abdominal fat, and meat total cholesterol. Data from Completely Randomized Design were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and any significant different was further tested using Duncan multiple range test. The results showed that there was no significant difference in body weight, percentage of carcass, heart, liver, spleen, bursa fabricius, abdominal fat, proventriculus, gizzard, ileum, secum, length of duodenum, ileum, and secum due to the treatments. Jejunum length was increased by supplementation 0.50% FA (P<0.05). However, supplementation 1.00% FA decreased (P<0.05) percentage of duodenum and colon compared to the control. Supplementation 0.75% FA and 1.00% FA also decreased (P<0.05) percentage of jejunum compared to supplementation 0.25% FA. All the treatments increased meat total cholesterol compared to the control. It can be concluded that supplementation up to 1.00% FA in diets didn’t give negative effects in body weight, carcass, and organ in the chicken. Supplementation 0.50% FA in the diets was potential as organic feed additive that could improve the efficiency of nutrient absorption in the digestive tract, and eliminated the nonspecifically stress of the broiler chickens.
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Judul: Closed Knight’s Tour pada Papan Catur Berbentuk Persegi Panjang dengan Ukuran Maksimal 8 × 8
Abstrak: Closed Knight’s Tour merupakan langkah kuda yang mengunjungi setiap kotak pada papan catur tepat satu kali dengan langkah kuda berawal dan berakhir pada kotak yang sama. Graf yang terbentuk dari closed knight’s tour dinotasikan sebagai graf G(m,n), dengan m adalah banyaknya baris dan n adalah banyaknya kolom. Graf tersebut memuat Hamiltonian cycle. Sebuah graf terhubung G adalah graf bipartite jika dan hanya jika graf tersebut tidak memiliki cycle dengan panjang ganjil. Papan catur yang memenuhi syarat cukup untuk memiliki closed knight’s tour adalah papan catur berukuran 5 × 6, 5 × 8, 6 × 6, 6 × 7, 6 × 8, 7 × 8, dan 8 × 8.
Keyword: bipartite, closed knight’s tour, hamiltonian cycle, knight’s tour, teori graf