Judul: Pemberdayaan Persatuan Orangtua Peduli Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Keluarga Anak Tunarungu (Studi Kasus di Kelurahan Sebengkok, Kecamatan Tarakan Tengah, Kota Tarakan, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur)
Abstrak: Deaf problem not only hampers the improvement of the sufferers and their interaction at social environment, but also brings about problem to family, either psychologically, economically or socially. It also can cuase poverty. The member of (PKK) tried to solve it by forming Brotherhood Children Care of special need Association (POPA) which has purpose to increase the family’s ability to fulfil the children special need. Then, the others problem arouse that most of the member of POPA included ini poor category. So, they have lack support to do its program either in financial or knowledge and skill aspects. The purpose of study is to know the capacity of POPA; to identify and to analyze its problems. Composing the plan program of making efficient use of POPA, study strategy is done throughout case study, interview is used for collecting data and so is the observation. Document study and team discussion are in focus (Focus group discussion). The result of study showed that POPA capacity gets less support in fulfilling its member necessity. These are showed from (1) Knowledge and skill of the board and member are lack in managing social organization; (2) The leader has not carried out his function; (3) co-operated among the members have not been tied together yet; (4) In organization management, substantially, program of POPA has less orientation to the long term purpose; (5) POPA has no continuity fund resources. The problem that POPA faced in developing the organization are; (1) The members undergo psychology, economic and social problems; (2) The organization has lack fund to support its operational; (3) The existence of POPA is not well known in society; (4) Education, training an infrastructure terms to support its supervising programmes got lack attention government. The strategy doing make efficient use of POPA are increasing or improving its capacity and ability to solve psychology, social and economic member problem and net working development, the purpose of POPA program is to realize POPA be autonomy organizationally. So, it can fulfil their member necessity, either in economic or social continuity aspect.
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Judul: Pemberdayaan Keluarga Miskin Dalam Program Pengembangan Kecamatan Menurut Perspektif Pekerjaan Sosial (Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Pangkalan Kuras, Kabupaten Pelalawan, Provinsi Riau).
Abstrak: Program Pengembangan Kecamatan (PPK) belum berhasil memberdayakan keluarga miskin. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pemahaman pemberdayaan keluarga miskin (an empowerment poor family) dengan menganalisis PPK menurut perspektif pekerjaan sosial di Kecamatan Pangkalan Kuras. Penelitian difokuskan pada proses partisipasi, transfer kekuasaan, perbaikan kualitas hidup . Tujuan penelitian adalah memahami pola hubungan masyarakat mempengaruhi kehidupan keluarga miskin di Kecamatan Pangkalan Kuras, upaya pemberdayaan yang dilaksanakan pemerintah dan masyarakat Kecamatan Pangkalan Kuras, proses pemberdayaan dalam PPK menurut perspektif pekerjaan sosial, dan menyusun rancangan program pemberdayaan keluarga miskin di Kecamatan Pangkalan Kuras. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu pengamatan partisipasi, wawancara mendalam dan studi. Analisis data menggunakan studi kasus dengan menentukan subyek kasus. Hasil evaluasi kegiatan, PPK belum berhasil memberdayakan keluarga miskin. PPK tidak memberikan peluang dan kekuasaan kepada keluarga miskin dalam berpartisipasi, mengambil keputusan dan pemanfaatan hasil bantuan PPK. Keluarga miskin tidak meningkat penghasilannya dengan adanya pembangunan sarana fisik. Penentuan lokasi bantuan dengan cara kompetisi tidak memberikan pendidikan dalam proses pemberdayaan. Terjadi inkonsistensi antara tujuan, aturan dan pelaksanaan mengakibatkan program ini kurang efektif. Rancangan program pemberdayaan keluarga miskin dilakukan dengan cara menyempurnakan PPK melalui diklat pengembangan PPK dan asesmen kebutuhan keluarga miskin.
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Judul: Pembuatan Film Tipis Cu2ZnSnS4 sebagai Lapisan Penyerap Cahaya pada Sel Surya Menggunakan Metode Elektrodeposisi
Abstrak: Thin film of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is an alternative semiconductor used as light absorber layer on solar cell. CZTS can replace silicon that commonly used as commercial semiconductor. The advantage of using CZTS as absorber layer is due to the abundance of its chemical composer on earth, and its high value of absorption coefficient. The absorber layer was made by using electrodeposition method on ITO glass substrates. The films were deposited at room temperature using potentiostatic mode with a potential of –1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes. After that, the films were annealed at two different temperatures, 180 ºC and 500 °C, for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. Based on X-ray diffraction analysis, the polycrystalline thin film obtained fall into kesterite crystal phase. This type of crystal was obtained when the CZTS was annealed at 500 °C in H2S/N2 atmosphere. The value of optical band gap energy for the CZTS thin film was 2.2 eV with the film thickness about 1.228–6.366 μm. The sample of CZTS with electrodeposition time of 45 minutes and annealing temperature of 500 °C showed the best result and in conformity with absorber layers criteria for solar cells.
Keyword: semiconductor, ITO glass, CZTS thin film, electrodeposition