Judul: Pengembangan Modul Pakar pada Sistem Pembelajaran Cerdas
Abstrak: Pemanfaatan Computer Aided Instruction (CAI) semakin dominan ditemukan dalam proses pendidikan. Sebagai salah satu komponen penting dalam pendidikan, sistem ini masih memiliki kekurangan yaitu daya adaptasi terhadap kemampuan siswa.
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Judul: Penyusunan Modul Evaluasi pada Sistem Pembelajaran Cerdas
Abstrak: Penyusunan Modul Evaluasi pada Sistem Pembelajaran Cerdas merupakan penelitian untuk menyusun modul evaluasi pada sistem pembelajaran cerdas yang mengajarkan pada siswa konsepkonsep dasar pemrograman bahasa C. Modul evaluasi digunakan oleh sistem pembelajaran cerdas sebagai media untuk mengetahui kemampuan siswa dan mengetahui perkembangan kemampuan siswa sebelum, ketika dan setelah proses pengajaran berlangsung. Modul evaluasi juga memberikan gambaran mengenai karakteristik kemampuan siswa terutama kemampuan siswa dalam mengerjakan soal-soal pemrograman bahasa C. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada sistem pembelajaran cerdas yang telah disusun untuk bahasa Java oleh Edward R. Sykes (Sheridan College, Canada) dan Franya Franek (McMaster University, Canada). Dalam sistem pembelajaran cerdas yang disusun oleh keduanya, proses evaluasi pekerjaan siswa dilaksanakan dengan cara membandingkan pekerjaan siswa dengan kunci jawaban yang unik, padahal jawaban untuk suatu soal tidak unik. Penelitian ini mengambil beberapa ide Intent Recognition yang digunakan oleh Edward Sykes dan Franya Franek. Kemudian memperbaiki metode evaluasinya dengan menambahkan proses grading yang dapat secara objektif mengeveluasi jawaban siswa. Penelitian ini menyempurnakan proses tutorial yang dikembangkan oleh Franek dan Sykes dengan menambahkan output grader, sistem penjelas dan sistem perbaikan terotomasi. Proses evaluasi dimulai dengan melakukan kompilasi terhadap kode sumber hasil jawaban siswa, jika proses kompilasi berhasil, output grader akan mengetes jawaban dengan serangkaian tes. Jika proses kompilasi gagal, lexer dan parser dalam Intent Recognition akan menganalisis kode sumber. Kesalahan yang ditemukan dalam kode sumber dijelaskan oleh sistem penjelas. Siswa dapat meminta pertolongan sistem perbaikan terotomasi untuk memperbaiki kode programnya.
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Judul: Extracellular Expression of thermostable Geobacillus stearothermophilus T1.2RQ Lipase for Biodiesel Production
Abstrak: The extracellular expression of enzymes in an excellent secretion host such as Bacillus subtilis is a useful strategy for making enzymes of industrial significance more affordable by lowering the cost of its downstream processing. Lipases are a category of hydrolases that catalyze the hydrolysis of triglycerides to glycerol and free fatty acids. Also, lipases catalyze the hydrolysis and transesterification of other esters as well as the synthesis of esters. They can perform very specific biotransformation reactions and are widely used in food, organic synthesis, detergents, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Geobacillus stearothermophilus T1.2RQ lipase is an industrially-desired thermostable lipolytic enzyme with an excellent hydrolytic and transesterification activity. This study aimed to express T1.2RQ lipase, in B. subtilis WB800 and ensure its secretion into the extracellular medium. Three signal peptides (AmyQ, Epr, LipA) and two promoters (Pgrac01 and Pgrac100) were used in the secretory-expression of T1.2RQ lipase, based on five constructed expression vectors constructed by restriction cloning and PCR mutagenesis. Sangers sequencing was used to verify constructs to ensure they are in the correct reading frame. Recombinants vectors, pHT43 (plasmid control), pHT43-T1.2RQ, pHT43- T1.2RQ_AmyQ, pHT43-T1.2RQ_Epr, and pHT43-T1.2RQ_LipA, were transformed by electroporation into Bacillus subtilis WB800. The electroporation was successful with the optimum condition of 2500V, 200 ohms, 25µF, and 5milliseconds. Recombinant B. subtilis pHT43 (negative control) and pHT43-T1.2RQlip + signal peptides were streaked on the lipidic agar, LA+TBN. All four recombinants, including the negative control (B. subtilis WB800-pHT43), produced clear zones on the TBN agar plate after overnight incubation (fig 2), indicating the presence of a lipolytic enzyme in all of the recombinant B. subtilis cells. pHT43-T1.2RQlip + signal peptides (AmyQ, Epr, and LipA) have clear zones with significantly higher diameters than B. subtilis WB800-pHT43 (negative control). This phenomenon suggests that the recombinant thermostable lipase T1.2RQ introduced into these cells was successfully expressed, thereby increasing the lipolytic capability of its host cells T1.2RQ lipase was expressed in 50ml terrific broth medium (TB) and the expression induced with 1mM IPTG. Lipase activity assay using p-nitrophenyl esters showed that all three signal peptides directed the secretion of T1.2RQ lipase into the extracellular medium. Signal peptide, LipA, resulted in the highest extracellular activity of 5.6 U/mL, which corresponds to a 6-fold increase over the parent B. subtilis WB800 strain. Meanwhile, signal peptides, AmyQ and Epr produced 4.2 U/mL and 3.4 U/mL activity respectively. SDS-Zymogram analysis confirmed that T1.2RQ lipase was correctly processed and secreted in its original size of 44 kDa. An attempt to further increase lipase expression level by promoter optimization showed that, contrary to expectation, promoter Pgrac100 exhibited similar expression levels as the original Pgrac01. Nevertheless, the demonstration of the successful secretion of T1.2RQ lipase in this work confirms the latter as a promising approach for the industrial production of the enzyme
Keyword: Bacillus subtilis, Expression, Extracellular, Heterologous, Lipase, Thermostable