Judul: Studi kinetika pada biodegradasi senyawa epikhlorohidrin oleh isolat mikroba strain G3
Abstrak: Penggunaan bahan kimia sintesis berhalogen di industri dan pertanian berperan penting dalam penyebaran pencemaran kronis pada lingkungan. Epikhlorohidrin (ECH) adalah salah satu jenis bahan kimia yang banyak digunakan sebagai bahan baku insektisida, pelapis, resin ion exchange, pelarut, epoksi resin yaitu pada industri yang berbasis karet (digunakan pada pipa air, ban, selubung kabel dan lain-lain) serta di bidang farmasi (vitamin, adrenergic B-blocker). ECH termasuk ke dalam daftar senyawa berbahaya dan beracun berdasarkan Surat Keputusan Menteri Perindustrian No. 148/M/SK/4/1985. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari kinetika pertumbuhan dan perombakan oleh mikroba strain G3. Untuk itu dilakukan kultivasi pada dua jenis substrat yang berbeda ketoksikannya yaitu gliserol (GLY) dan ECH, pengaruh konsentrasi ECH pada laju dekhlorinasi serta pengaruh tingkat konsentrasi kultur terhadap laju dekhlorinasi ECH. Penyiapan kultur dilakukan dengan menumbuhkan strain G3 dalam medium cair dengan substrat 3-khloro-1,2-propanediol (CPD) 1.0 g/l. Kultivasi dilakukan dengan shaker (120 rpm) pada suhu ruang (28°C-30°C). Hasil kultivasi diperoleh laju pertumbuhan spesifik (µ) sebesar 0.0954 jam. Inokulum juga disiapkan dari medium padat TSB (Trypticase Soy Broth) yaitu untuk membandingkan antara mikroba yang telah beradaptasi dengan senyawa CPD dan mikroba yang belum teradaptasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyiapan inokulum menggunakan medium padat TSB menghasilkan nilai laju pertumbuhan spesifik (µ = 0.0363 jam¹) yang lebih rendah daripada inokulum yang disiapkan dengan substrat CPD (µ = 0.1395 jam¹) pada saat konsentrasi ECH 0.5 g/l. Karena itu penelitian selanjutnya digunakan inokulum yang ditumbuhkan pada medium dengan substrat CPD 1.0 g/1.
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Judul: Mempelajari Pengaruh Ion Pb dan BTX terhadap Kinetika Pertumbuhan Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain G dan Aktivitas Perombakan Epiklorohidrin
Abstrak: Penggunaan senyawa kiimia tents berkembang pesat seiring dengan pesatnya pertumbuhan dunia industri dan pertanian. Senyawa kimia yang digunakan terkadang berlebihan sehingga menimbulkan masalah baru berupa pencemaran lingkungan. Bahan kimia yang dikenal sebagai pencemar lingkungan ada yang bersifat mutagenik dan lcarsinogenilc, sehingga dapat meinbahayakan mabluk hidup. Salah satu contoh dari senyawa tersebut adalah epilclorohidrin (ECI-I). ECH dikategorikan sebagai bahan B3 (Bahan Beracul dan Berbahaya) dan dimasukkan ke dalam Daftar Hitam pencenlar di Eropa. Dalam penelitian ini, ECH digunakan sebagai model senyawa pencemar.
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Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite