Judul: Telaah korelasi bagian integumen cicak terhadap distribusi tungau ektoparasit
Abstrak: Ectoparasite infest certain body parts of the host body. Ectoparasite mites distributed in gecko body by sticking to its integument. This research aimed to study the correlation of gecko exterior integument layer (hinge length/JH and keratin thickness) toward the number of mites which infest gecko body. Mites were prepared using whole mount technique using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to obtain number of mites data. Gecko integument were prepared using paraffin section method and staining with Hematoxylin-eosin to obtain JH length and keratin scale thickness data. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation method. Caught geckos were consist of Cosymbotus platyurus, Hemidactylus garnotii, H. frenatus, and Gehyra mutilata species. Caught geckos were categorized into Pterygosomatidae family with Geckobia as the most abundant genus. JH length and keratin thickness on tubercal scale were higher than granular scale in all geckos. JH range was lowly correlated with number of mites in G. mutilata and lowly correlated in the three other species. Keratin thickness was lowly correlated with the number of mites in all four species.
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Judul: Distribution and Diversity of Ectoparasite Mites on Geckos in Indonesia
Abstrak: Data on the diversity and dispersal of parasitic mites on house geckos in Indonesia are very scarce. In this work, the distribution and diversity of mites living on three species of house geckos, namely Cosymbotus platyurus, Hemidactylus frenatus, and H. garnotii collected throughout Indonesia, has been elaborated. Geckos and mites were captured and immediately preserved in 70% ethanol. Whole mount of the mites was prepared by clearing in lactophenol followed by mounting on polyvinyl lactophenol solutions. The SEM preparation was conducted to examine the detail morphological characters of the mites. The results showed that among 448 individuals of geckos, 221 geckos were infected by Geckobia mites. Prevalences of C. platyurus, H. frenatus, and H. garnotii infested by mites were 14.8%, 50.69%, and 79.6%, respectively. Three different spesies of Geckobia (G1, G2, and G3) could be differentiated; and based on similarities of their morphological characters to ones described in published literatures, Geckobia G2 is Geckobia glebosum and Geckobia G3 is Geckobia bataviensis while G1 could not be identified to the species level. The highest mean intensity of Geckobia G1 infestation was found on H. garnotii (I=7.0), G. glebosum infestation on H. frenatus (I=3.5), and G. bataviensis infestation on H. garnotii (I=11.8). In general, C. platyurus was infested by the least number of mites. Geckobia G1 were found living on the skin folds on the claws, G. glebosum were found mainly on the body and thigh, and G. bataviensis were found on almost all parts of the host’s body. Geckobia mites are distributed randomly throughout Indonesian Archipelago, following the pattern of distribution of their hosts. So it is concluded that Geckobia G1, G. glebosum, and G. bataviensis are sympatric.
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Judul: Kiat sukses usaha industri jamu dan minuman PD. Budi Lestari Jakarta
Abstrak: PD. Budi Lestari merupakan industri kecil minuman yang dikelola secara sederhana dengan bermodalkan Rp. 15.000.000,-. pada tahun 1996, keberadaan usaha ini dikelola oleh Bapak Amir Utama yang memiliki pengalaman 11 tahun pada industri sejenis.
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