Judul: Pilihan strategi pengelolaan hutan gambut tropika dalam kerangka skema perdagangan karbon
Abstrak: Tropical natural forest was important agent in global climate change mitigation through absorption and storage of carbon in form of biomass. One of forest ecosystem type that has potential to absorb and store carbon was tropical peat forest. Measurement and calculation total carbon stocks in soil and vegetation of tropical peat forest must be done accurately to anticipate carbon trading. The objective of the study was to estimate total carbon stocks in soil and vegetation, to identify forest carbon stock changes, to analyse carbon economic value, and to describe strategic options of peat forest management. The study found that biomass and carbon stocks in the soil was 8 times higher than in the vegetation in primary forest condition, and 10 times in logged over forest and secondary forest condition. Carbon stocks in vegetation and soil were 189.45 ton C/ha and 1537.37 ton C/ha in primary forest, 161.76 ton C/ha, and 1713.77 ton C/ha in logged over area, 139.05 ton C/ha and 1486.39 ton C/ha in secondary forest, and 43.09 ton C/ha and 1205.59 ton C/ha in degraded forest. Option of degraded forest conversion to plantation forest can improve above carbon stock, provide profitability from both timber sale and carbon trade, give forward and backward linkages, and increase national and regional economic growth. Option of no conversion but conserve the natural forest can maintain forest carbon stock and provide profitability from carbon trade. This option potencially might decrease forward and backward linkages and regional economic growth. Option of no conversion but manage the natural forest for timber and carbon with sustainable forest management (SFM) by applying RIL techniques and reducing felling intencity can progressively increase forest carbon stock, provide profitability from both timber sale and carbon trade, give forward and backward linkages, and increase regional economic growth.
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Judul: Pendugaan simpanan karbon di areal hutan bekas tebangan PT Ratah Timber Kalimantan Timur
Abstrak: Forests is one of natural resources that can be updated (renewable natural resources) and essential stock for human life. In using of forest resources if not a sustainable manner can lead to increased greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. These emissions cause global warming and climate change. Indonesia plays a role to reduce GHG emissions (CO2) due to its vast forests that can absorb and store carbon in forest biomass is large enough. This study aims to estimate the carbon storage found in logged-over forest areas in PT Ratah Timber East Kalimantan. Field research was conducted on the logged plots and testing sample tree in the Laboratory of Wood Anatomy and Wood Quality Improvement, Product Forest Ministry, Bogor Agricultural University. The experiment was conducted from April to May 2010. Data were collected from thirty-plot by measuring the diameter base on breast height, total height, and identify the types of trees found in research plots. Furthermore, next treatment is felling tree with the size of sample 5-10 cm to estimate the biomass in forest stands. The results showed that the number of tree species found in research plots covering an area of 3 ha covering 68 species of saplings were 63 species, 49 poles and tree species as many as 48 species. Based on the grouping of species, groups of dipterocarpaceae species of 24.34 ton/ha and non dipterocarpaceae at 128.66 ton/ha, thus it needs enrichment to the dipterocarpaceae species in logged-over forest areas for the preservation of further management. Estimation of carbon savings by using the carbon content of 50% and to estimate biomass with allometric equations that have been made from samples harvested sample trees is 0,0977237 D2,58. Estimation of carbon storage in stands including the saplings amounted to 5,05 ton/ha (3,27%), poles 18,82 ton/ha (10,24%), and trees of 133,57 ton/ha (86,49%). Total storage carbon contained in PT Ratah Timber, East Kalimantan, at 157,44 ton/ha or 122,92 x 10-4 Gt, where the trees had the largest percentage of carbon storage is 84,84%, followed by poles 10,05%, 3,21% saplings, litter 1,87%, and 0,04% lower plants.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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