Judul: Estimation the potential for abandoned, lost, discarded fishing gear of bubu (trap) fishery at Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan Gebang
Abstrak: Abandoned, Lost, Discarded Fishing Gear (ALDFG) is an element of the 'Ghost gear' defined as fishing gear that is lost, discarded, and abandoned in the waters. The trap has the second highest potential that can cause ghost gear. About 24% of fishing gears based at PPI Gebang Mekar were traps. This study aims: to estimate the fishing gear abandoned, lost, and discarded; and the waste generated from the trap fishing activities. This research was conducted at PPI Gebang Mekar using a survey method. Descriptive and statistical analyses were used. The results showed that in a year, there were 22.900 units lost, 30 units were abandoned, and 70 units were discarded. It is estimated that 10% of damaged traps were discarded into the sea, 20% were sold to collectors, and 70% were repaired at home. Waste supplies brought by fishers were constantly thrown into the sea with a total weight of 2596.6 grams in one trip/vessel, the consisted of waste wrapping paper, cigarette packs, mineral bottles, and plastic bags, Abandoned, Lost or otherwise Discarded Fishing Gear (ALDFG) merupakan unsur yang menyatakan istilah Ghost gear yang diartikan sebagai alat tangkap yang hilang, dibuang, dan ditinggalkan di perairan. Bubu memiliki potensi tertinggi kedua yang dapat menyebabkan ghost gear. Sebanyak 24% alat tangkap yang beroperasi di PPI Gebang Mekar adalah bubu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengestimasi alat tangkap yang ditinggalkan, hilang, dan dibuang, mengestimasi limbah yang dihasilkan dari unit penangkapan dan aktivitas penangkapan bubu. Penelitian ini dilakukan di PPI Gebang Mekar menggunakan metode survei. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis statistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam periode 1 tahun bubu yang kategori hilang sebanyak 22.900 unit, ditinggalkan 30 unit, dan dibuang 70 unit. Alat tangkap bubu yang tidak layak dioperasikan diestimasi dibuang ke laut 10%, dijual ke pengepul 20% dan diperbaiki di rumah 70%. Limbah perbekalan yang dibawa nelayan yang dibuang ke laut dengan total berat 2596,6 gram dalam satu kali trip/kapal, yaitu sampah kertas pembungkus, bungkus rokok, botol air mineral, dan kantong plastik
Keyword: ALDFG, bubu (trap), fishing gear, PPI Gebang, waste

Judul: EStimasi Potensi Abandoned, Lost and Discarded Fishing Gear Jaring Rajungan yang Berbasis di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Muara Angke
Abstrak: Jaring rajungan merupakan alat tangkap yang termasuk ke dalam jaring insang yang memiliki potensi untuk terjadinya ALDFG (Abandoned, Lost, and Discarded Fishing Gear). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasikan potensi ALDFG dan sampah perbekalan dari perikanan jaring rajungan serta mengidentifikasi penyebab dan upaya penanggulangannya. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode survei dan observasi lapang dengan analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa estimasi potensi jaring rajungan yang hilang (lost) dalam 1 bulan sebanyak 12 unit (240 piece) dengan berat total 780 kg. Sementara dalam 1 tahun diestimasikan sebanyak 120 unit (2.400 piece) dengan berat total 7.800 kg dengan kerugian Rp396.000.000. Estimasi potensi jaring rajungan yang ditinggalkan (abandoned) dalam 1 bulan sebanyak 0,25 unit (5 piece) dengan berat total 16,25 kg, sementara dalam 1 tahun diestimasikan sebanyak 2,5 unit (50 piece) dengan berat total 162,5 kg dan kerugian Rp8.250.000. Sampah perbekalan nelayan jaring rajungan yang berpotensi dibuang kelaut yaitu sebanyak 45 kg per bulan dan sebanyak 450 kg per tahunnya. Penelitian ini mengusulkan upaya penanggulangan berupa sosialisasi mengenai dampak buruk ALDFG dan ghost gear, mewajibkan pelaporan kehilangan alat tangkap, pemberian insentif dan penggunaan gear marking., Crab gillnet is a fishing gear intended for catching crabs that have the potential to cause Abandoned, Lost, and Discarded Fishing Gear (ALDFG). This research aims to estimate the potential for ALDFG and waste resulting from crab gillnet fisheries and to identify the causes and mitigation efforts. Data collection was carried out using survey methods and field observations, and then the data were analyzed descriptively. The research showed that the estimated lost crab gillnets potential in one month was 12 units (240 pieces) with a total weight of 780 kg. Meanwhile, in one year it is estimated about 120 units (2,400 pieces) with a total weight of 7,800 kg or with a total loss value of IDR 396,000,000. The estimated abandoned crab gillnets potential in one month was 0.25 units (5 pieces) with a total weight of 16.25 kg, while in one year it is estimated about 2.5 units (50 pieces) with a total weight of 162.5 kg and a loss of IDR 8,250,000. The amount of crab gillnet fishers supplies that have the potential debris to be thrown into the sea is 45 kg per month or about 450 kg per year. This study proposes a mitigation efforts including dissemination of the negative impacts of ALDFG and ghost gear to the fishers, a reporting program of lost fishing gear, providing incentives, and the implementation of gear marking program.
Keyword: ALDFG, debris, fishing gear, gillnet, PPN Muara Angke

Judul: Sintesis Flavonol melalui 2’-Hidroksikalkon
Abstrak: Flavonol is a class of flavonoids commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Flavonol is very useful, especially in food sector and health. In this study, flavonol unsubstituted was successfully synthesized from an intermediate material 2’-hydroxychalcone. The 2’-hydroxychalcone was synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation method between o-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde using 4 different catalysts, namely KOH 60%, solid pellet of KOH-grinding technique, BF3-Et2O, and NaH in DMF. The KOH 60% was the best catalyst, giving the highest yield (57%). Afterward, the flavonol was synthesized in 1-stage oxidation cyclization of o-hydroxyacetophenone using Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction, giving 76%. The flavonol total yield from 2’-hydroxychalcone was 43%. All synthesized products were characterized by their melting points and their spectra. The success of the synthesis flavonol opens the way to synthesis of useful flavonol derivatives such as quercetin and kaempferol
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