Judul: Arahan pengembangan hutan rakyat untuk pemenuhan bahan baku industri primer hasil hutan kayu di Provinsi Jawa Timur
Abstrak: The shortage of raw materias is a major problem for primary timber industry in Indonesia. In order to fulfill of industrial raw materials and provide both ecological and economic benefits, it is required a comprehensive direction in planning process to develop private forest in East Java. The purpose of this study was to develop a plan for meeting sustainable raw material supply for primary timber industry through the development of private forests. The specific objectives of this research was to make the direction of developing private forest in East Java through: (a) Identify the type of plants that are potentially (b) Identify the potential of appropriatness and availability of land for development of private forest in East Java (c) Identify the pattern of institutional and partnership between the timber industry with the community. According to IPHHK production capacity in 2011, wood industries need 7,412,558 m3 logs, meanwhile forest, both natural and production, can only meet 47% of IPHHK requirements. The potential species to be developed in East Java according to the research of industry needs, preferences and the potential of private forests are Teak, Albizia and Jabon. Based on the suitability of the land available for forest development, the potential land for development is an area of 649 433 hectares of teak and Sengon is an area of 773 892 ha with the largest development area covers Sumenep and Sampang. Jabon potential land development is an area of 412 119 ha in area with the greatest potential is Pacitan and Malang. To support the sustainable development of forests in East Java, it is necessary to build partnerships between IPHHK and farmers. For this partnership requires an institutional bridge the industry and farmers form cooperatives. The role of government is needed not only as facilitators and supervisors but also as policy decision maker to endorse the community in forest management.
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Judul: Analisis penawaran dan permintaan kayu bulat: kebijakan pengaturan bahan baku untuk industry pengolahan kayu primer
Abstrak: The role of forestry sector in national economies show a declining trend. This decrease was caused by various factors. One of them is the occurrence of an imbalance between supply and demand for logs in which there is excess demand for primary wood processing industry. Many efforts have been made such as the arrangement of primary wood processing industry and implementation of a log export ban, but has not given encouraging results yet. This research is applying a simultaneous equations model of the Indonesian timber market system that are more detailed than previous studies. On the supply side, the behavioral model of timber supply from various sources (natural forests, plantation forests and community forests) is constructed. Meanwhile, on the demand side, this research constructed demand behavior of sawntimber, plywood, and pulp industries. The model developed is intended to answer questions relating to (1) the factors that influence production of roundwood production and its derivatives, (2) forms of government policies that ensure the sustainability of the forest industry (upstream-downstream), and (3) policies that can reduce the gap of supply and demand of logs. 2SLS method was used for model parameter estimation. The results show that the decision to determine the extent of timber harvesting area in natural forest and plantation forest are influenced by previous cutting experience in addition to the demand by the industrial roundwood, roundwood prices, taxes and levies and wage rates. Roundwood production from natural and plantation forests are influenced by land productivity, while for community forest production is more affected by extensive logging. Level of demand by the industry is affected by the production of primary wood processing industry, the world price of processed wood products, and the price of logs. Efforts to accelerate the decline in the gap can be done through increased productivity of natural forests through the implementation of intensive silviculture. Other efforts that could be implemented are acceleration of development of community’s plantation forests (HTR) in production forests are not burdened with rights, implementation of compensation fee for the people who developing HTR as much as their opportunity cost if they reduce cash crops in HTR area simplify the procedure so that the community can meet the required conditions, granting access to financing credit, encouraging participants to plant perennials HTR; application of multi-system silviculture. Increased production of logs per unit area as described above is expected to increase the contribution of the forestry sector, through increased taxes and charges up to certain limits. Application of the use of efficient wood processing technology, especially in the application of new industrial units, to offset rising production costs, for example increase the wage rate.
Keyword: Forestry sector, Multi-system silviculture

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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