Judul: Persentase Organ Dalam Ayam Broiler yang Diberi Air Minum dengan Additive Herbal sebagai Pengganti Antibiotik
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji persentase organ dalam ayam broiler yang diberi air minum mengandung imbuhan pakan herbal sebagai pengganti antibiotik. Materi penelitian ini adalah 360 ekor ayam broiler Strain Ross umur satu hari dibagi menjadi 36 kelompok dan secara acak diberi salah satu dari empat perlakuan air minum. Penelitian ini menggunakan 4 jenis ransum, yaitu R0 (ransum tanpa antibiotik dan air minum tanpa imbuhan pakan herbal), R1 (ransum dengan antibiotik dan air minum dengan imbuhan pakan herbal), R2 (ransum dengan antibiotik dan air minum tanpa imbuhan pakan herbal), R3 (ransum tanpa antibiotik dan air minum dengan imbuhan pakan herbal). Data dari Rancangan Acak Lengkap dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan jika berbeda diuji jarak Berganda Duncan. Peubah yang diamati: persentase bobot organ dalam, persentase bobot dan panjang saluran pencernaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan imbuhan pakan herbal pada air minum nyata (P<0,05) menurunkan persentase bobot empedu, ginjal, lemak abdomen dan panjang ileum, namun tidak berpengaruh pada bobot hati dan jantung. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah imbuhan pakan herbal dapat menurunkan bobot lemak abdomen tanpa berpengaruh negatif terhadap berat hati dan jantung.
Keyword: antibiotik, broiler, imbuhan pakan herbal, organ dalam

Judul: Pengaruh Pemberian Additive Herbal terhadap Performa Ayam Broiler
Abstrak: Additive herbal terdiri dari campuran temulawak dan kunyit yang mengandung zat aktif kurkumin dan xantorizol sebagai alternatif pengganti antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pemberian additive herbal terhadap performa ayam broiler. Penelitian ini mengunakan rancangan acak lengkap, sebanyak dua ratus ekor ayam broiler Strain Ross terbagi menjadi 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan yaitu: P0 = Ransum antibiotik + air minum tanpa additive herbal, P1 = Ransum tanpa antibiotik + air minum tanpa mengandung additive herbal, P2 = Ransum tanpa antibiotik + air minum mengandung additive herbal formula A, P3 = Ransum tanpa antibiotik + air minum mengandung additive herbal formula B. Pakan dan air minum diberikan secara ad-libitum selama 35 hari. Peubah yang diamati adalah konsumsi air minum, konsumsi pakan, rasio konsumsi air minum dan konsumsi pakan, bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan, konversi pakan, dan mortalitas. Data dianalisis menggunakan (ANOVA), jika terdapat data yang berpengaruh nyata (P<0.05), maka diuji lanjut dengan Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan additive herbal formula A dan formula B pada air minum tidak nyata mempengaruhi konsumsi pakan, konsumsi air minum, bobot badan akhir, pertambahan bobot badan, dan konversi pakan. Hal ini menunjukkan penambahan additive herbal formula A dan formula B memiliki efek yang sama terhadap performa ayam yang diberi antibiotik.
Keyword: antibiotik, broiler, herbal, performa

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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