Judul: Dinamika Tata Kelola Kawasan Konservasi Taman Nasional Bali Barat
Abstrak: This research aims to examine three issues: (1) The historical background and the early establishment of TNBB as conservation area; (2) Institutional management of TNBB's marine protected areas and stakeholder's access control into its natural resources; (3) The role and position of fishers related to resource access conflicts. The research attempts to understand the history of conservation area as well as its resource access in the context of conservation governance so that this research uses a constructivist paradigm. In the constructivist paradigm, 'social reality' is understood and constructed through the interaction between the researcher and the informants, reference group and peer group. As a qualitative study, the research strategy used is the case study. The technique of collecting data is conducted through in-depth interviews, participatory observation and group discussions. The two villages, Sumberklampok and Pejarakan Gerokgak Buleleng, are the focus of this research. The two villages are an enclave village and a buffer village in the TNBB zone. The results of the research show that TNBB conservation originally is derived from the ordinance or Gazette 1941 No. 167 as Wildlife Reserve, prior to be proposed as TNBB conservation in 1982. TNBB zone is established through the merger of West-Bali Conservation area, Menjangan Island Wildlife Reserve and its surrounding areas (the sea), and the West Bali Forest Preserve area of 77.727 ha (71.507 ha of land/forest and 6,220 ha of sea) in 1984. Yet the vast area was narrowed to 19.002,89 ha (3,415 ha of sea and 15587.89 ha of land/forest) when TNBB was definitively determined in 1995. Institutional performance of TNBB marine conservation is fragile through it is better for fishers than the previous periods, especially with the availability of traditional zones in the zoning of 2010. The stakeholders such as state, company, Custom Management Board (Badan Pengelola Adat), and Fishers Group of Banyumandi are actors who have resource access in the TNBB area. The state has ownership status as the owner while the company and fishers as authorized users in resource management. The Custom Management Board and the Group Fishers of Banyumandi gain access and economic benefits of tourism development through structural and relational access mechanisms such as cooperation and social relations. They get access to resources after the fall of the New Order regime. In this way, the cooperation between the public and private (corporate) is achieved, and such cooperation is necessary to the future. Since TNBB establishment, access conflicts began to occur and accumulate in certain events such as burning of huts nyotok nener. In addition, the access conflicts occur between the fishers and companies because the capture fishing area became tourism object and boat mooring locations were eliminated by hotel/resort building. .
Keyword: marine conservation, national park, institutional management, property rights, conflict

Judul: Contestation on Economic Development and Forest Conservation in Tanjung Puting National Park: Case Study of Teluk Pulai Village (1996-2012).
Abstrak: Konflik pada taman nasional yang banyak ditemui adalah konflik antara masyarakat dengan pengelola taman nasional yang mewakili negara dalam pengelolaan taman nasional di tingkat tapak. Hal yang juga terjadi pada Taman Nasional Tanjung Puting (TNTP). Konflik di TNTP terjadi karena terdapat pembatasan hingga pelarangan akses masyarakat Desa Teluk Pulai terhadap sumber daya hutan yang merasa telah hadir lebih dahulu dibandingkan dengan TNTP. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konteks perubahan situasi konflik antara Masyarakat Desa Teluk Pulai dengan pengelola TNTP, menganalisis fakta kebijakan yang menjadi latar belakang penurunan situasi konflik; dan menganalisis potensi implikasi penurunan situasi konflik terhadap pengelolaan taman nasional dengan tipologi konflik yang sama. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan strategi studi kasus. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam tidak terstruktur terhadap 27 responden, observasi lapang, dan studi literatur terhadap peraturan-perundangan yang berlaku dalam pengelolaan taman nasional, serta penelitian terkait. Analisis data menggunakan critical discourse analysis untuk dibandingkan dengan kriteria permasalahan, yaitu akses dan konflik. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan konflik pada taman nasional terjadi karena kebijakan penunjukkan taman nasional bersifat legal tetapi pengakuan keabsahannya belum selesai diperoleh dari para pihak. Hal yang sama terjadi pada konflik antara masyarakat Desa Teluk Pulai dengan TNTP sebagai akibat pelaksanaan SK Menhut 687/1996. Hal ini karena akses masyarakat terhadap area TNTP untuk meningkatkan pemenuhan ekonominya tidak sesuai dengan kepentingan konservasi hutan TNTP. Akibatnya adalah tindakan masyarakat yang secara agresif mengakses dan mengambil manfaat dari sumberdaya hutan yang terdapat pada kawasan TNTP secara tidak beraturan dan mengancam kelestarian sumberdaya hutan tersebut. Di sisi lain, Tindakan masyarakat tersebut direspon secara agresif oleh TNTP hingga berujung pada konflik terbuka. Dengan demikian perlu terobosan untuk menurunkan situasi konflik yang dapat mengharmoniskan kedua kepentingan tersebut. Proses penurunan situasi konflik di antara para pihak terjadi setelah pengelola TNTP memanfaatkan proses perubahan tata ruang kehutanan Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah hingga diterbitkannya Kepmenhut 529/2012. Kepmenhut 529/2012 merubah status Desa Teluk Pulai menjadi non kawasan TNTP karena alternatif enclave dan/ataupelepasan kawasan hutan tidak dapat dilakukan pada kasus konflik di taman nasional. Pemantauan lebih lanjut terhadap perkembangan ekonomi masyarakat dan konservasi hutan di dalam dan di luar TNTP diperlukan., Conflicts in national parks are often observed between the forest-dependent community (villagers) and the national park manager as a representative of the state in the management of the conservation forest. Such case was also found in Tanjung Puting National Park (TNTP). The conflict occurred due to the regulations to restrict and deny access to forest resources to Teluk Pulai villagers who felt that their presence was long before the TNTP existence. The objectives of the research were to analyze the context of the changes in the conflict situation between the villagers of Teluk Pulai Village and manager of TNTP, to analyze the fact of the policies in which they became the justification for the reduction in the conflictual situation appeared, and to analyze the potentiality of an implication of the reduced conflict to the management of the national park with a similar typology. This research used a qualitative format with a case study approach. Data collection was conducted using a non-structural in-depth interview with 27 repondents, field observations and
Keyword: access, conflict, critical discourse analyses, Tanjung Puting National Park, Teluk Pulai Village

Judul: Sintesis α-Fe2O3 menggunakan metode sol gel
Abstrak: In this reseach was succeeded make powder α-Fe2O3 with particle size 202.64 nm. Synthesis using Sol-Gel method with SiO2 coating derived from Si(OC2H5)4 at temperature of 750 oC for 5 hours. Characterization XRD prove that sample form is α-Fe2O3 (11 peaks) and β-Fe2O3 (2 peaks) with crystal size 20.69125 nm and crystallization 44 %. The cystal structure of α-Fe2O3 is rhombohedral and β-Fe2O3 is hexsagonal. Optic characterization show that the sample absorbing light at wavelength less than 480 nm. Bandgap energy of the optical characterization measurments is 2.74 eV.
Keyword: α-Fe2O3, annealing, bandgap energy, sol-gel, crystal structure.