Judul: Modifikasi proses pulping kraft dengan perlakuan pendahuluan lindi hitam
Abstrak: Saat ini sebagian besar teknologi pulping yang digunakan dalam industri pulp dan kertas adalah proses kraft. Proses ini mempunyai banyak keunggulan, antara lain mampu mengolah semua jenis bahan baku dengan berbagai macam kualitas dan dapat menghasilkan pulp dengan kualitas yang sangat prima. Selain berbagai keunggulan tersebut proses ini juga mempunyai beberapa kelemahan, diantaranya rendemen yang relatif rendah dan kontribusinya terhadap pencemaran lingkungan (Fengel dan Wegener 1995). Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan pendahuluan lindi hitam (pemasakan modifikasi) terhadap karakteristik proses pulping kraft dan mengetahui perilaku pelarutan komponen kimia kayu (karbohidrat dan lignin) selama proses pulping kraft.
Keyword: pulping kraft, kertas, lindi hitam

Judul: Modifikasi Proses Pulping Kraft dengan Perlakuan Pendahuluan Lindi Hitam
Abstrak: Saat ini sebagian besar teknologi pulping yang digunakan dalam industri pulp dan kertas adaIah proses kraft. Proses ini mempunyai banyak keunggulan,antar a lain mampu mengolah semua jenis bahan baku dengan berbagai macam kualitas dan dapat menghasilkan pulp dengan kualitas yang sangat prima Selain berbagai keungguJan tersebut proses ini juga mempunyai beberapa kelemahan, diantaranya rendemen yang relatif rendah dan kontribusinya terhadap pencemaran lingkungan (Pengel dan Wegener 1995) .
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Judul: Distribution and Diversity of Ectoparasite Mites on Geckos in Indonesia
Abstrak: Data on the diversity and dispersal of parasitic mites on house geckos in Indonesia are very scarce. In this work, the distribution and diversity of mites living on three species of house geckos, namely Cosymbotus platyurus, Hemidactylus frenatus, and H. garnotii collected throughout Indonesia, has been elaborated. Geckos and mites were captured and immediately preserved in 70% ethanol. Whole mount of the mites was prepared by clearing in lactophenol followed by mounting on polyvinyl lactophenol solutions. The SEM preparation was conducted to examine the detail morphological characters of the mites. The results showed that among 448 individuals of geckos, 221 geckos were infected by Geckobia mites. Prevalences of C. platyurus, H. frenatus, and H. garnotii infested by mites were 14.8%, 50.69%, and 79.6%, respectively. Three different spesies of Geckobia (G1, G2, and G3) could be differentiated; and based on similarities of their morphological characters to ones described in published literatures, Geckobia G2 is Geckobia glebosum and Geckobia G3 is Geckobia bataviensis while G1 could not be identified to the species level. The highest mean intensity of Geckobia G1 infestation was found on H. garnotii (I=7.0), G. glebosum infestation on H. frenatus (I=3.5), and G. bataviensis infestation on H. garnotii (I=11.8). In general, C. platyurus was infested by the least number of mites. Geckobia G1 were found living on the skin folds on the claws, G. glebosum were found mainly on the body and thigh, and G. bataviensis were found on almost all parts of the host’s body. Geckobia mites are distributed randomly throughout Indonesian Archipelago, following the pattern of distribution of their hosts. So it is concluded that Geckobia G1, G. glebosum, and G. bataviensis are sympatric.
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