Judul: Identifikasi Potensi Penerapan Green Supply Chain Industri Kulit Samak
Abstrak: Pengolahan lanjut tempe menjadi tepung bertujuan memperpanjang umur simpannya. Permasalahan browning dan belum adanya standar nasional tepung tempe menjadi perhatian dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi metode pembuatan tepung tempe, serta memeriksa sifat fisikokimia, fungsional, dan organoleptik tepung tempe berdasarkan interaksi jenis kedelai dan zat anti pencoklatan yang digunakan. Jenis kedelai yang digunakan adalah kedelai asal Grobogan dan kedelai pangan rekayasa genetik (PRG), sedangkan zat anti pencoklatan berupa natrium metabisulfit dan asam askorbat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tepung tempe paling baik dibuat pada suhu pengeringan 70oC dengan blansir selama lima menit pada konsentrasi zat anti pencoklatan sebesar 0.1 %. Interaksi perlakuan berpengaruh nyata (p<0.01) terhadap redness, pH, kadar protein, dan warna organoleptik, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata (p>0.01) terhadap derajat putih, kecerahan, yellowness, aw, kadar air, abu, lemak, karbohidrat, indeks penyerapan dan kelarutan air, aktivitas emulsi, kapasitas gelasi, serta aroma dan rasa organoleptik tepung tempe.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University, Institut Pertanian Bogor, IPB, Green stream mapping, Green supply chain, Leather, Tannery industry, Tannery industry, Green waste, Energy, Water

Judul: Identifikasi Potensi Penerapan Green Supply Chain Industri Kulit Samak
Abstrak: Green supply chain merupakan konsep untuk minimasi dampak lingkungan pada rantai pasok suatu kegiatan industri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi penerapan green supply chain pada rantai pasok kulit samak. Metode yang digunakan adalah green stream mapping. Kondisi rantai pasok dipetakan melalui green stream map (GSM) yang didalamnya terdapat seven green wastes, terdiri dari energi, air, material, sampah, transportasi, emisi, dan biodiversitas. Dari GSM current-state didapatkan bahwa total penggunaan energi 1154 kWh, air 25682 liter, material 2148 kg, sampah yang dihasilkan 28137 kg, trasportasi yang dilakukan 439 km, dan emisi sebesar 137,2 kg CO2. Usulan perbaikan yang berpotensi diterapkan adalah penerapan green fleshing, penggunaan kembali garam pengawetan, penggunaan analog timer pada mesin drum, penggunaan timer pada kran drum, daur ulang air bekas soaking dan bilasan liming, recovery limbah krom, penjualan limbah padat (kulit serut dan kulit trimming), serta kerja sama dengan pemasok untuk peningkatan kualitas wet blue. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan menghitung pengurangan terhadap green wastes sebagai GSM future-state dan dampak finansialnya. Hasilnya menunjukkan potensi penghematan listrik 164,2 kWh (14,2%), penghematan air 6009 L (23,4%), penghematan material 375 kg (17,5%), minimasi limbah yang dibuang sebesar 6872 kg (24,4%), minimasi transportasi sebesar 1,68 km (0,38%), pengurangan emisi sebesar 25,48 kg CO2 (18,57%). Secara umum penerapan green supply chain ini memberikan manfaat finansial berupa penghematan biaya dan profit., Green supply chain is a concept for minimizing the environmental impact of industrial supply chain activity. The object of this research is to identify potential implementation of green supply chain in the leather supply chain. The method used is green stream mapping. The condition of this green supply chain mapped by green stream map (GSM), which there are seven green wastes, consist of energy, water, materials, garbage, transportation, emissions, and biodiversity. GSM of current-state show that the total energy used are 1154 kWh, 25682 liters of water, 2148 kg of material, 28137 kg garbage generated, transportation carried out at 439 km, and 137,2 kg CO2 of emission. The potential improvement to be implemented are : green fleshing, salt residual reuse, use analog timer for drum machine, use timer on drum faucet, recycle used water of soaking and lime washing, recovery of residual chrome, sell solid waste (shaving hides and trimming leathers), collaboration with suppliers to improve the quality of wet blue. Evaluation was done by calculating the reduction of the green wastes as futurestate GSM and financial impact. The results show that potential power savings 164,2 kWh (14,2%), water savings up to 6009 L (23,4%), 375 kg of material savings (17,5%), garbage minimization up to 6872 kg (24,4%), transport minimization 1,68 km (0,38%), and emission reduction 25,48 kg CO2 (18,57%). Generally, green supply chain implementation provides financial benefits in the form of cost savings and profit.
Keyword: green stream mapping, industri kulit samak, rantai pasok hijau

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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