Judul: Pengaruh Kombinasi Strand, Kadar Perekat dan Beda Tekanan terhadap Sifat Fisis Mekanis Oriented Strand Board Kayu Mangium dan Afrika.
Abstrak: INTRODUCTION. Overexploitation for decades affecting reduction of round wood production from Indonesian natural forest, in the other hand round wood demands are increasing. This quality decline supporting composite products as an alternative. One of popular composite products is oriented strand board or commonly known as OSB. OSB is a panel from wood strand and compound with exterior adhesive and then hot pressed. There were many observation regarding for OSB made from community forest’s wood. The objectives of this research are to explain adhesive difference, acacia and african wood combination strand and difference of pressing on OSB manufacturing to its physical and mechanical properties and to determine the best treatment for OSB. Physical and mechanical properties test is refer to JIS A 5908 (2003) standard of particle board standard and CSA 0437.0 (Grade O-2) standard of OSB. MATERIAL AND METHOD. Variable used were wood species, adhesive content, and pressing. Mangium, African and mix of them used as OSB raw materials. Adhesive content used were 6%, 8% with 1% parafin added. Physical and mechanical properties observed were density, moisture content, water absorption, thickness swelling, modullus of elasticity (MOE), modullus of rupture (MOR), internal bonding and screw holding power. RESULTS. The average value resulted from physical properties test are : OSB’s average density about 0,50-0,62 g/cm3, the average moisture content is about 7,61-11,23%, water absorption average of OSB 2 hours is about 24,12-73,12%, water absorption average of OSB 24 hours is about 56,57-115,97%, the average value of thickness swelling OSB 2 hours is about 9,39-32,35%, the average value of thickness swelling OSB 24 hours is about 17,44-36,04%. The average value resulted from mechanical properties test are : the average dry MOE parallel to grain is about 21.518-39.019 kg/cm2, the average dry MOE perpendicular to grain is about 6.134-12.363 kg/cm2, the average wet MOE parallel to grain is about 3.435-22.278 kg/cm2, the average wet MOE perpendicullar to grain is about 2.078-8.316 kg/cm2, the average dry MOR parallel to grain is about 158,71-346,67 kg/cm2, the average dry MOR perpendicullar to grain is about 82,66-160,40 kg/cm2, the average wet MOR parallel to grain is about 52,12-223,22 kg/cm2, the average wet MOR perpendicullar to grain is about 34,66-135,61 kg/cm2, the average OSB internal bonding is about 1,24-7,72 kg/cm2, the average screw holding power is about 33,85-73,13 kg. OSB from Mangium wood with 8% of adhesive content and 25 kg/cm² is the finest OSB. Wheter, OSB from African wood with 6% of adhesive content, and pressing of 15 kg/cm² is the worst OSB. Wood species which gives the best effect is Mangium, followed by african wood and combination of them as the worst. The best adhesive content is 8% while the best pressing is 25 kg/cm².
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Judul: Pengaruh kadar perekat MDI dan kombinasi strand terhadap sifat fisis mekanis Oriented Strand Board dari tiga jenis bambu dengan perlakuan pendahuluan perendaman air dingin
Abstrak: Forestry industry is currently experiencing a high slump. This evidenced by the number of industries that shortages supply of raw materials to meet production. Demands of solid wood raw material has been very difficult to find. Therefore, Many of the forestry industry ultimately close out of business. Nowadays, introduced a new innovation of materials and technology of composite product, OSB (Oriented Strand Board). OSB is a structural composite board product produced from the strand-shaped particles and waterproof thermosetting adhesive. OSB is very effective in overcoming the problems of the forestry industry because the raw material criteria is acquired easely, that is using low density wood and small diameter logs. However, the context of natural resources fin efficiency of wood, bamboo have lignoselulosa compound is one of the potential resources that can be used as a raw material substitute for wood in the manufacture of OSB. The variables this study consisted of combination three types of bamboo and levels MDI adhesive. Bamboo that used are Andong, Betung, and Ampel which the code of each row are A, B, and C. OSB board combination consist of two types of bamboo which one kind bamboo as face and back layers, and another one kind as core layer the racio of face, core and back raw is 1:2:1. OSB board made by nine combinations of AAA, ABA, ACA, BBB, BAB, BCB, CCC, CAC and CBC with adhesive consists of concentration levels of 3%, 4% and 5%. Physical properties and mechanical parameters observed included density, moisture content, water absorption, thickness swelling, Modulus Of Elasticity (MOE), Modulus Of Rupture (MOR), adhesion strength (internal bond) and screw holding power. After the OSB boards are sorted in the importance of value, the results of a combination of CBC (Ampel, Betung, Ampel) at 5% adhesive content is the lowest OSB value that is recommended as OSB board with the best quality when compared with the characteristic of OSB properties to other combination of strands and adhesive concentration. But in the efficiency of production cost, the right alternative combination is the combination of CAC (Ampel, Andong, Ampel) with adhesive levels of 3%.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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