Judul: Aplikasi Prebiotik Mannanoligosakarida (MOS) Dosis Berbeda melalui Pakan terhadap Kinerja Pertumbuhan dan Gambaran Darah Ikan Nila Oreochromis sp.
Abstrak: Prebiotik merupakan salah satu alternatif yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan dan status kesehatan ikan nila Oreochromis sp. Prebiotik yang telah banyak digunakan adalah mannanoligosakarida (MOS). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dosis pemberian prebiotik terbaik yang dapat meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan dan status kesehatan ikan melalui parameter gambaran darah. Pakan komersial ditambahkan prebiotik MOS dengan dosis 0%, 0,1%, 0,2%, dan 0,4%. Ikan uji dengan panjang rata-rata 6,85±0,27 cm dan bobot rata-rata 5,49±0,58 g ekor-1 dipelihara di jaring hapa berukuran 2 x 1 x 1 m dengan kepadatan 25 ekor m-2. Ikan uji diberi pakan perlakuan selama 30 hari. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa laju pertumbuhan harian, pertumbuhan panjang mutlak, dan rasio konversi pakan pada perlakuan prebiotik dengan dosis 0,4% menghasilkan nilai yang lebih baik dibanding kontrol dan dosis perlakuan lain. Pemberian prebiotik juga dapat meningkatkan status kesehatan ikan nila melalui parameter gambaran darah yang lebih baik dibanding kontrol.
Keyword: gambaran darah, kinerja pertumbuhan, mannanoligosakarida, Oreochromis sp.

Judul: Status Kesehatan dan Kinerja Pertumbuhan Ikan Nila Oreochromis sp. yang Diberi Prebiotik Mannanoligosakarida dengan Dosis Berbeda
Abstrak: Prebiotik merupakan salah satu alternatif yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan status kesehatan dan kinerja pertumbuhan ikan nila Oreochromis sp. Salah satu prebiotik yang sering digunakan dalam budidaya ikan adalah mannanoligosakarida (MOS). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan status kesehatan dan kinerja pertumbuhan ikan nila yang diberi prebiotik MOS dengan dosis berbeda. Pakan komersial ditambahkan prebiotik MOS dengan dosis 0%, 0,4%, 0,6%, dan 0,8%. Ikan uji yang digunakan memiliki bobot awal 8,69±0,63 g dan panjang awal 7,88±0,58 cm. Ikan uji dipelihara di jaring hapa berukuran 2 x 1 x 1 m3 dengan kepadatan 25 ekor. Ikan uji diberi pakan perlakuan selama 90 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian prebiotik MOS dengan dosis 0,6% mampu meningkatkan status kesehatan ikan dan kinerja pertumbuhan ikan nila dibandingkan kontrol.
Keyword: Aktivitas bakteri, kinerja pertumbuhan, mannanoligosakarida, Oreochromis sp

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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