Judul: Perkiraan Biaya Perangkat Lunak Menggunakan Logika Fuzzy
Abstrak: Perkiraan biaya perangkat lunak merupakan salah satu bagian terpenting dari pengembangan perangkat lunak. Perkiraan biaya yang terlalu kecil akan mengakibatkan perangkat lunak yang dihasilkan berkualitas rendah. Sebaliknya, perkiraan biaya yang terlalu besar akan mengakibatkan pemborosan sumber daya yang digunakan. Pada penelitian ini, dikembangkan suatu model perkiraan biaya perangkat lunak menggunakan logika fuzzy. Penelitian ini membandingkan dua metode perkiraan biaya perangkat lunak, yaitu Intermediate COCOMO dan Fuzzy Intermediate COCOMO. Data yang digunakan adalah data proyek NASA yang telah dilakukan pada tahun 1980 sampai 1990. Model yang dihasilkan dievaluasi menggunakan MRE (Magnitude of Relative Error), Mean MRE (MMRE), Median MRE (MdMRE), Min MRE, Max MRE, dan Standar Deviasi MRE (SdMRE). Kinerja model secara umum direpresentasikan dalam nilai MMRE.
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Judul: Software development effort estimation using fuzzy – intermediate COCOMO
Abstrak: Memprediksi biaya (atau usaha) pengembangan perangkat lunak adalah bagian yang paling menantang dalam proyek pengembangan perangkat lunak. Keberhasilan proyek dapat diprediksi sebelumnya baik dari perencanaan dan proses penjadwalan. Prediksi diukur dalam istilah person month yang diperlukan untuk mengembangkan proyek. Penelitian ini menggunakan logika fuzzy dan Constructive Cost Model (COCOMO) model dengan tiga variasi fungsi keanggotaan (MF), yaitu trapesium (MF1), berbentuk lonceng (MF2), dan kombinasi trapesium dan berbentuk lonceng (MF3). Data set yang digunakan dikumpulkan dari NASA yang terdiri atas 102 proyek dari tahun 1971 sampai 1990. Beberapa ukuran evaluasi yang digunakan adalah Mean Magnitude of Relative Error (MMRE) dan Magnitude of Relative Error (MRE) untuk mengukur keakuratan prediksi. Percobaan ini menghasilkan MMRE untuk MF1 65,51%, 92,74% MF2, dan MF3 163,36%. Meskipun MF2 memiliki MRE terkecil, yaitu, 0%, MF1 memiliki akurasi terbaik.
Keyword: perkiraan usaha perangkat lunak, COCOMO, logika fuzzy, fungsi keanggotaan

Judul: Application of phycocyanin from microalgae Spirulina platensis as light harvesting in anatase TiO2 nanoparticle solar cell.
Abstrak: The dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) has been assemblied used hybrid titanium oxide (TiO2) film/phycocyanin. The TiO2 film was synthesized by sol gel method with titanium chlorida (TiCl4) as precursor by hydrolysis used sulfuric acid (H2SO4). Furthermore, it calcinated for 2,5 hours in variation of annealing temperature (400oC, 600oC, 800oC, dan 1000oC). In XRD patterns exhibited which annealing temperature at 400oC to 800oC were anatase phase all. When annealed at temperature 1000oC, it caused phase transformation from anatase to rutile. The crystals size according to XRD patterns were 13,75 nm, 20,79 nm, 25,25 nm, 48,88 nm and particle size from SEM images were 43,06 nm, 44,91 nm dan 64,99 nm, 80,40 nm, respectively. The crystals and particle size increased with annealing temperature. The film thickness influenced material absorption. The optical measurement of TiO2 film and TiO2/phycocyanin hybrid film used UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Additional phycocyanin caused peak width of absorbed region from ultraviolet to visible region. The band gap energy of TiO2 can be calculated using the cut off wavelength obtained from the absorbance spectrum of a nanoparticles TiO2 films. Based on intersection between linear and energy (hv) axis. In this study just limited for anatase phase. It was caused anatase band gap is wider than rutile phase. That’s meaningful for solar cell application such as dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC). The absorption coefficient average at difference annealing temperature such as at 400oC, 600oC, 800oC were 8,1600x102, 1,7535x103 and 4,0154x102, where α < 104 include to direct transition. Band gap energy 400oC, 600oC, 800oC were 3,79 eV, 3,59 eV, and 3,35 eV, respectively. Based on this result, exhibition that band gap energy of TiO2 semiconductor film decreased with increasing annealing temperature. Spirulina platensis was cultivated in technical modification (Hastuti) with aeration under light intensity about 3000 lux. The cell density (stationer phase) for eighth day which OD value was more than 0,5. It means, the culture can be harvested. In 80 liters Spirulina platensis culture have been produced biomass dry about 10,46 gram and extracted phycocyanin in dry powders was 5,50 gram. The phycocyanin absorption spectrum at the wavelength of 619,36 nm (visible region) which had relaxation energy was 2,945 eV. The emission peak at the wavelength of 708,55 nm with relaxation energy about 2,793 eV. The Stokes shift based on difference energy absorption and emission calculated about 0,152 eV. Both of this showed phycocyanin can absorbed and radiated the sun light which received. This choice characteristic pigment was a good one related to sensitizer in solar cell application. Integration between light harvesting protein and TiO2 semiconductor surface had important role in improving of output as solar cell materials. The presence of carboxylate group (-COOH) made pigment be more efficient was due to anchored to the surface of TiO2 ampoter. The phycocyanin pigment had carboxylate group which reacted with TiO2 surface formed ester. The carboxylate group increased of dye electronics couple from excited state (p anti bonding orbital) to semiconductor acceptor state (TiO2 conduction band). The samples which made based on annealing temperature variation formed be solar cell respectively. Furthermore, cells be assembled for
Keyword: anatase, dye sensitized solar cell, efficiency, gap energy, phycocyanin