Judul: Estimasi Nilai Produk Domestik Regional Bruto Lingkungan Hidup Sektor Industri Pengolahan Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) merupakan indikator ekonomi yang digunakan untuk mengukur kinerja pertumbuhan ekonomi suatu daerah. Keberadaan sektor kunci dapat dijadikan tumpuan dalam perekonomian daerah. Sektor yang mendominasi perekonomian Kabupaten Bogor yaitu sektor industri pengolahan. Pertumbuhan ekonomi di Kabupaten Bogor ini dapat menurunkan kualitas lingkungan hidup. Perhitungan PDRB perlu mengintegrasikan unsur deplesi sumberdaya dan degradasi lingkungan untuk merepresentasikan kesejahteraan masyarakat yang sesungguhnya dan dikenal dengan istilah PDRB Lingkungan Hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) memverifikasi sektor industri pengolahan sebagai sektor kunci dan keterkaitannya dengan deplesi sumberdaya dan degradasi lingkungan di Kabupaten Bogor (2) mengestimasi nilai deplesi sumberdaya dan degradasi lingkungan sektor industri pengolahan Kabupaten Bogor (3) mengestimasi nilai PDRB Lingkungan Hidup sektor industri pengolahan Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis location quotient, analisis shift share, analisis deskriptif, pendekatan unit rent, dan benefit transfer. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, sektor industri pengolahan merupakan sektor kunci dan aktivitasnya berpengaruh terhadap deplesi sumberdaya dan degradasi lingkungan. Nilai deplesi sumberdaya air akibat aktivitas industri sebesar Rp. 142.133.220.099,34, sedangkan untuk nilai degradasi lingkungan sebesar Rp. 4.655.555.336.109,96. Berdasarkan perhitungan, diketahui nilai PDRB Lingkungan Hidup sektor industri pengolahan sebesar Rp. 76.073.282.743.790,70 dimana terdapat penurunan nilai PDRB sebesar 5,93 persen dibandingkan dengan nilai PDRB Konvensional.
Keyword: Depreciation, environmental degradation, key sectors, resource depletion, unit rent

Judul: Estimation of Environment Gross Regional Domestic Product of Purbalingga District
Abstrak: Nilai Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) Konvensional Kabupaten Purbalingga mengalami tren meningkat pada tahun 2017-2019 menunjukkan kondisi perekonomian yang positif, namun PDRB Konvensional tersebut belum mengintegrasikan nilai deplesi dan degradasi sumberdaya didalam perhitungannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah (1) mengestimasi nilai deplesi sumberdaya dan degradasi lingkungan sebagai dampak dari aktivitas perekonomian seluruh sektor lapangan usaha PDRB Kabupaten Purbalingga (2) mengestimasi nilai PDRB LH Kabupaten Purbalingga (3) mengidentifikasi sektor-sektor yang berpotensi menjadi sektor basis dan non basis pada perekonomian Kabupaten Purbalingga. Penelitian ini memakai data sekunder dari instansi-instansi terkait dan penelitian terdahulu. Pendekatan dan metode analisis yang digunakan ialah pendekatan pasar & unit rent, pendekatan lahan kritis & produktivitas lahan, serta analisis location quotient. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa pada tahun 2019 di Kabupaten Purbalingga, deplesi sumberdaya air dan degradasi lingkungan mewujudkan nilai PDRB LH menjadi sebesar Rp. 24.348.748.331.140,00 atau lebih kecil sekitar 2,28% dari PDRB Konvensional, kemudian terdapat 6 sektor basis dan 11 sektor non basis pada perekonomian Kabupaten Purbalingga. Nilai PDRB LH dan sektor basis menjadi komponen esensial bagi pemerintah Kabupaten Purbalingga dalam melaksanakan eskalasi pembangunan yang bersifat berkelanjutan., The value of the Conventional Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of Purbalingga Regency experienced an increasing trend in 2017-2019 indicating positive economic conditions, but the Conventional GRDP has not integrated the value of resource depletion and degradation in its calculations. The objectives of this study are (1) to estimate the value of resource depletion and environmental degradation as a result of economic activity in all sectors of the Purbalingga Regency GRDP (2) to estimate the value of the LH GRDP in Purbalingga Regency (3) to identify sectors that have the potential to become basic and non-basic sectors basis of the economy of Purbalingga Regency. This study uses secondary data from related agencies and previous research. Approaches and analytical methods used are market and unit rent approaches, critical land & land productivity approaches, and location quotient analysis. The results of the study revealed that in 2019 in Purbalingga Regency, depletion of water resources and environmental degradation resulted in the GRDP value of the LH being 24,348,748,331,140.00 IDR or less, about 2.28% of conventional GRDP, then there are 6 basic sectors and 11 non-base sectors in the economy of Purbalingga Regency. The GRDP value of the LH and the base sector are essential components for the Purbalingga Regency government in carrying out sustainable development escalation.
Keyword: depreciation, environmental GRDP, escalation, location quotient analysis, rent unit

Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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