Judul: Transactional Leadership and Business Progress of Ornamental Plant Traders Group during the Covid-19 Pandemic (Case: Dadali Street Ornamental Plant Traders, Tanah Sareal, Bogor City, West Java)
Abstrak: UMKM cenderung lebih dekat dengan masyarakat sehingga jumlahnya semakin bertambah tiap tahunnya. Pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan beberapa perubahan yang memaksa masyarakat untuk tinggal di rumah. Hal ini menyebabkan lonjakan minat dan tren terhadap tanaman hias. Menjalankan kelompok UMKM tidak terlepas dari peran kepemimpinan. Terdapat berbagai macam gaya kepemimpinan salah satunya kepemimpinan transaksional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan kepemimpinan transaksional dengan kemajuan usaha. Metode penulisan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif melalui metode sensus dan didukung data kualitatif dari hasil wawancara mendalam. Hasil dari pengujian korelasi Rank Spearman menyatakan bahwa kepemimpinan transaksional berkorelasi signifikan dengan kemajuan usaha tanaman hias. Tren dan minat masyarakat juga memiliki pengaruh terhadap kemajuan usaha selama masa pandemi. Selain itu, etnisitas pedagang memiliki peran dalam memperkuat kepemimpinan dan kedudukan para pedagang hias di pasar tanaman hias Kota Bogor. Kata Kunci: Covid-19, Kepemimpinan Transaksional, Kemajuan Usaha, UMKM., MSMEs tend to be closer to the community so the number is increasing every year. The Covid-19 pandemic caused some changes that forced people to stay at home. This led to a surge in interest and trends towards houseplants. Running an MSME group is inseparable from the leadership role. There are various leadership styles, one of which is transactional leadership This research aims to analyze the relationship of transactional leadership with business progress. The research method is conducted by quantitative approach through census methods and supported by qualitative data from in-depth interviews. The results of Spearman Rank correlation testing state that transactional leadership is significantly correlated with the progress of ornamental plant efforts. Trends and public interests also have an influence on business progress during the pandemic. In addition, the ethnicity of traders has a role in strengthening the leadership and position of ornamental traders in the bogor city ornamental plant market. Keywords: Covid-19, Business Progress, Transactional Leadership, MSMEs.
Keyword: Covid-19, Business Progress, Transactional Leadership, MSMEs, Kepemimpinan Transaksional, Kemajuan Usaha, UMKM

Judul: Transformational Leadership Supporting SMEs Mitra Tani Farm Succesful Level for Facing Pandemic Covid-19
Abstrak: Pandemi Covid-19 sejak tahun 2019 melumpuhkan ekonomi dan berbagai aspek kehidupan akibat penanganan dari segi kesehatan yang membatasi ruang gerak masyarakat. Indonesia memberlakukan kebijakan bernama PSBB dan kini disebut PPKM sehingga UMKM juga terkena dampak pandemi ini. Meskipun demikian, tidak semua UMKM mengalami kebangkrutan. Salah satunya adalah UMKM Mitra Tani Farm yang bergerak di bidang peternakan terpadu. Oleh karena itu, UMKM ini dijadikan lokasi penelitian skripsi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif melalui penyebaran kuesioner serta didukung oleh analisis data kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam yang melibatkan 20 responden. Responden dipilih berdasarkan anggota aktif Mitra Tani Farm dengan metode sensus. Data kuantitatif mengukur hubungan korelasi antara variabel menggunakan uji rank spearman dan uji tabulasi silang. Diketahui bahwa tingkat keberhasilan UMKM Mitra Tani Farm menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19 tidak lepas dari peran seorang pemimpin. Tipe kepemimpinan yang dikembangkan pada penelitian ini adalah tipe kepemimpinan transformasional yang hasilnya memiliki korelasi positif dan kuat dengan tingkat keberhasilan UMKM. Memiliki interpretasi bahwa semakin tinggi derajat kepemimpinan transformasional maka semakin tinggi keberhasilan UMKM., Pandemic Covid-19 since at the end of 2019 made disable to economic and various aspects of life cause handling the healthy problem that limited community activity.. Indonesia applied the PSBB policy and now known as PPKM thus SME was also affected by the pandemic. Nevertheless, not all of SMEs has bankruptcy. The one is Mitra Tani Farm that focus on farm. Therefore, this SMEs being the research location for this thesis. The reseach using quantitative research approach through spread questionnaires also supported by qualitative data through in depth interview that involve 20 respondent. Respondent was picked by sensus method from active members of Mitra Tani Farm. Quantitative data from correlation between the variables using rank spearman test and cross tabulation test. Known that SMEs successful level facing pandemic cannot be separated from the leader’s role. The type of leadership developed on this research is transformational leadership, which is has positive correlation and strong with SMEs successful level. That means that the higher of transformational leadership level so the higher of SMEs successful level.
Keyword: Kepemimpinan Transformasional, COVID-19, Pandemi, Tingkat Keberhasilan, UMKM

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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