Judul: La Niña Modoki Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Keragaman Curah Hujan Di Indonesia
Abstrak: La Niña diindikasikan dengan adanya pendinginan yang terjadi di Pasifik ekuator bagian tengah dan timur. Sedangkan La Niña Modoki diindikasikan dengan adanya pendinginan di Pasifik ekuator bagian tengah sekaligus pemanasan di Pasifik ekuator bagian barat dan timur. Kedua kejadian ini mempengaruhi keragaman curah hujan di beberapa wilayah diantaranya Indonesia dan Amerika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak dari dua kejadian ini terhadap keragaman curah hujan Indonesia. Hasil menunjukan bahwa indeks Nino 3.4 berkorelasi negatif kuat (r = -0.95) dengan curah hujan Indonesia. Saat La Niña anomali positif curah hujan mencapai 200 mm/bulan sebagian besar wilayah Indonesia pada setiap musim (MAM, JJA dan SON), kecuali saat DJF ada sebagian Pulau Sumatera, Kalimantan dan Indonesia Timur memiliki anomali negatif. Sementara saat La Niña Modoki anomali positif curah hujan hanya mencapai 50 mm/bulan di sebagian pulau Sumatera, Kalimantan, Jawa, dan Indonesia Timur saat musim DJF dan mencapai 175 mm/bulan terjadi hanya di pulau Jawa saat musim MAM. SST mengalami pendinginan kuat di Pasifik Tengah dan Timur ekuator mencapai -1.5°C pada DJF, JJA dan SON saat La Niña. Sedangkan La Niña Modoki pemanasan SST terjadi di Pasifik barat dan timur ekuator mencapai 0.75°C dan pendinginan di Pasifik tengah ekuator mencapai -0.75°C saat DJF, MAM, dan JJA. Sirkulasi Walker saat La Niña Modoki pada musim DJF dan MAM, menunjukan adanya konvergensi kuat terjadi di Pasifik Timur dan konvergensi lemah di Pasifik Barat termasuk Indonesia.
Keyword: Curah Hujan, La Niña, La Niña Modoki, SST

Judul: El Niño Modoki dan Dampaknya terhadap Keragaman Curah Hujan Pulau Jawa (Studi Kasus: Kabupaten Indramayu)
Abstrak: Indonesian farmers are currently struggling to face drought probles in the region of rice barn, one of which is Indramayu District located int he Java Island. One of main factors of the drought is perceived that there is warm pool concentrated in the middle of Pacific Ocean the so-called El Niño Modoki. However, its impacts to Indonesia region did not much investigated yet. Hereby, it is necessary to do analysis of the impact of El Niño and El Niño Modoki on Indonesia’s rainfall variability. The study focused on rainfall over 5 areas in Indramayu District, i.e. Bondan, Indramayu, Krangkeng, Anjatan, and Cikedung. Wavelet analysis of sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) data Niño 3.4 and El Niño Modoki Index (EMI) along period of January 1979-December 2013 resulted differences in temporal characteristics. The composite rainfall anomalies, SSTA, anomalies of horizontal wind speed at altitude of 850hPa, and the Walker Circulation in the spatially El Niño and the El Niño Modoki years analyzed by GrADS software showed a decline trend of rainfall in the Java Islad along September-October to November (SON). Seasonal rainfall prediction model in the 5 observated areas using CPT software resulted the highest value of the principal component (PC) coefficient with high negative of EMI predictor variables in the SON season, which meant that the current El Niño Modoki caused a decline of rainfall in related season where the biggest influences occured in the Cikedung District (-0.53 ), while the PC coefficient with Niño 3.4 as variable also had high negative value in the SON season with the greatest influences occured in the Krangkeng District (-0.58).
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Rainfall, El Niño Modoki, El Niño, GrADS, CPT

Judul: Case Study of Gallbladder Mucocele and Treatment Used In Small Animals
Abstrak: Gallbladder mucocele (GM) is defined as distention of the gallbladder caused by an inappropriate accumulation or deposition of high concentrations of bile. The purpose of this case study is to study GM conditions in small animals and to report the clinical sign and characteristics of GM through the sonogram interpretation and blood chemistry test evaluation, and studies related to the therapy given and other treatments recommended. A 14-year-old Toy Poodle dog has been diagnosed with severe GM and cholecystitis. No pain signs were shown during the physical examination as asymptomatic is a common characteristic in the early stage of biliary related diseases. In this study Abdominal ultrasonography interpretation and blood chemistry evaluation was conducted in 2021-2022 and analyzed as a secondary data source. Ultrasonography results showed presence of hyperechoic, immobile deposits in gallbladder accompanied by wall thickening and enlarged in size, followed by a significant increase in the enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP). This study has summarized mainly the diagnosis and treatments of GM in small animals and suitable alternatives treatments were recommended to encounter the GM conditions in small animals. The effectiveness of combined therapy shows the positive impact on the patient, the condition of GM has been under control.
Keyword: ultrasound, gallbladder, biliary sludge, abdominal ultrasonography