Judul: Produktivitas Tenaga Pengarit dan  Komposisi Hij auan  Pakan Domestik di Petemakan Sapi Perah Pondok Ranggon,  Kecamatan Cipayung, Jakarta Timur
Abstrak: Pondok Ranggon farm is one of the dairy farms in Jakarta where the pattern of availability forage depending onnatural pastures. The aim of this experiment were to analyze labor productivity of grass seekers and to identify the composition of domestic forage in the dairy farm of Pondok Ranggon. This experiment used descriptive analysis, composition of botany and Nell and Rollinson method. The result showed that the capacity of grass seekers influenced by body weight, age and experience of cutting. The result showed, the highest capacity of cutting obtained by grass seekers in the age of 40 years old. Composition of forage consist of 52.63% grasses, 15.79% legumes and 31.58% rumbah. The most frequent type of grass that used were Imperata cylindrica (LINN.) P.Beauv., Pennisetum polystachyon (L.) Schult., and Panicum maximum Jacq. Type of legumes that often used was Calopogonium mucunoides Desv. and the types of rumbah that most commonly used were Asystasia coromodeliana Ness., Biden pilosa L. and Lantana camara L.
Keyword: composition of forage, cutting, grass, leaves, legume

Judul: Analisis Pola Penyediaan, Ketersediaan, dan Jenis Vegetasi Hijauan Pakan pada Peternakan Sapi Perah di KUD Mandiri Cipanas, Kabupaten Cianjur, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: KUD Mandiri Cipanas is a corporation which organized dairy farmers from districts in Cianjur, which are Cipanas, Sukaresmi, and Pacet. The aim of this research was to evaluate and analize the pattern of forage management based on the level of ownership of forage, forage potential, diversity analysis, and three types of forage in the three districts. This study used descriptive analysis, forage botanical composition analysis, capacity analysis of location based on Nell and Rollinson methods, and vegetation analysis. Pattern of forage management dairy cattle in KUD Mandiri Cipanas is cut and carry. Based on population of dairy cattle, avaibility of foragenon large and medium farms are from grass land farm (GRF), and tropical grass for small farms. There is no correlation between cutting capacity and ownership of livestock. The most dominant in enclosure is Penisetum purpureum Schum, while the rumbah grass dominant on the land
Keyword: forage, diversity analysis, dairy cattle, composition botany, carrying capacity

Judul: Kruskal Coordinates in 4+1 Dimensional Schwarzschild  Spacetime Geometry
Abstrak: Koordinat Kruskal adalah hasil ekstensi maksimal dari koordinatSchwarzschild yang menimbulkan interpretasi baru tentang keberadaan wormhole. Secara teori, wormhole adalah struktur yang menghubungkan dua titik berbeda dalam ruangwaktu. Namun, ukuran wormhole terlalu kecil untuk dapat dilalui dan tidak stabil sehingga mudah runtuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan solusi koordinat Kruskal untuk geometri Scwarzschild pada dimensi yang lebih tinggi yang dapat berguna untuk menganalisis kestabilan wormhole. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui penambahan dimensi ruang dari 3+1 dimensi menjadi 4+1 dimensi untuk mendapatkan geometri Schwarzschild, koordinat Eddington-Finkelstein, dan koordinat Kruskal dengan memanfaatkan gerak radial foton. Hasil akhirnya, solusi geometri ruangwaktu Schwarzschild dalam koordinat Kruskal dapat dibentuk dan diilustrasikan dalam diagram Kruskal. Diagram tersebut menunjukan sebuah black hole, white hole, dan dua alam semesta yang dihubungkan oleh wormhole., The Kruskal coordinates are the maximal extension of the Schwarzschild coordinates which give rise to new interpretations of the existence of wormholes. In theory, a wormhole is a structure that connects two different points in spacetime. However, the size of the wormhole is too small to pass through and is unstable so that it collapses easily. This study aims to obtain Kruskal coordinate solutions for the Scwarzschild geometry in higher dimensions which can be useful for analyzing wormhole stability. This research was carried out by adding space from 3+1 dimensions to 4+1 dimensions to obtain Schwarzschild geometry, Eddington Finkelstein coordinates, and Kruskal coordinates by utilizing the radial motion of photons. The final result, the solution of the Schwarzschild spacetime geometry in Kruskal coordinates can be formed and illustrated in a Kruskal diagram. The diagram shows a black hole, a white hole, and the two universes connected by a wormhole.
Keyword: Schwarzschild geometry, Eddington-Finkelstein coordinates, Kruskal coordinates, radial motion of photons, wormhole