Judul: Efektivitas penyuluhan sapi potong di kabupaten Jeneponto Sulawesi Selatan (studi kasus kecamatan Kelara)
Abstrak: The aims of this research were 1) to measure the beef cattle extension effectiveness level at Jeneponto Regency, 2) to indicate the ecology and economics potency of Jeneponto Regency, and 4) to analyze the the correlation of regency potency and human resources potency with the beef cattle extension effectiveness at Jeneponto Regency.
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Judul: Correlationship Characteristic of Farmers to Effectivity of Extension Development Beef Cattle Ranch (District of Sumbawa West South-East west Nusa)
Abstrak: The objectives of study were: 1) to describe characteristic of farmers in district Sumbawa. 2) to identity effectiveness of extension at local goverment Sumbawa. 3) to analyze relationship between characteristic farmers and effectiveness of extension to development beef cattle ranch in district of Sumbawa. This research is management of secondary data. Secondary data obtained from research with title”Development Beef Cattle Ranch in district of Sumbawa. Data were analyzed by descriptive and correlation analyze using rank Spearman and contingency coefficient of chi square. The result of study are : 1) most farmers are young, education level is low, monthtly of income is low, family size are small, size of farm are narrow, beef cattle seized are small, other livestock seized are small. 2) effectiveness of extension are low. 3) there are negative significant correlation between age of farmers and training frequency and there are positive significant correlation between total of beef cattle and listening radio frequency., Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) merupakan salah satu daerah pemasok ternak sapi bagi propinsi lainnya di Indonesia. Bahkan di era tahun 1960-1970 mampu mengekspor sapi potong ke Hongkong dan Singapura (Masyur dan Muzani, 2004). Permintaan sapi dari NTB, baik untuk konsumsi lokal maupun antar pulau, berupa sapi potong maupun bibit terus meningkat. Peningkatan permintaan jika tidak disertai dengan upaya peningkatan populasi dan mutu sapi akan terjadi pengurasan ternak. Untuk itulah upaya pengembangan sapi potong di daerah ini terus dilakukan oleh pemerintah dan diharapkan ke depan pihak swasta lebih banyak berperan. Sistem pemeliharaan ternak sapi potong di Kabupaten Sumbawa masih tradisional(extensif). Peranan penyuluh sangat besar artinya bagi peternak apalagi bagi peternakan rakyat yang kekurangan sumberdaya untuk mendapatkan berbagai sumber informasi guna menambah wawasan, keterampilan dan berbagai inovasi terbaru. Peran penyuluh sangat diharapkan untuk dapat menambah wawasan, memberikan keterampilan dan mempercepat penerapan inovasi. Penyuluhan akan membuat masyarakat sadar dan mau memanfaatkan potensi yang ada dalam mengelola usahaternak yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) mendeskripsikan karakteristik peternak sapi potong di Kabupaten Sumbawa 2) mengetahui efektivitas penyuluhan di Kabupaten sumbawa dan 3) menganalisis hubungan antara karakteristik peternak dengan efektivitas penyuluhan terhadap pengembangan peternakan sapi potong di Kabupaten Sumbawa. Desain penelitian adalah pengolahan data sekunder. Data sekunder didapat dari penelitian sebelumnya yang berjudul “Pengembangan Peternakan Sapi Potong di Sumbawa”. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis korelasional menggunakan uji tabulasi rank Spearman (rs) dan koefisien kontingensi dari uji chi square (χ 2). Berdasarkan hasil analisis deskriptif didapatkan hasil penelitian bahwa 1) Peternak pada umumnya berusia muda, tingkat pendidikan rendah, jumlah tanggungan keluarga kecil, rata-rata penghasilan terkategori kecil, luas lahan yang dimiliki sempit, jumlah ternak sapi yang dimiliki sedikit, jumlah ternak lain (ayam, kerbau, bebek, kuda, kambing) sedikit. 2) Efektivitas penyuluhan terhadap pengembangan peternakan sapi potong dinilai kurang efektif 3) Karakteristik peternak mempunyai hubungan negatif dan nyata (p<0,05) pada umur peternak dengan frekuensi mengikuti pelatihan serta mempunyai hubungan nyata dan positif pada jumlah ternak sapi terhadap frekuensi mendengarkan radio.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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