Judul: Perhitungan Ekonomi Kejadian Campylobacteriosis pada Peternakan Ayam Broiler dengan Pengobatan Menggunakan Antibiotika (Studi Eksperimental)
Abstrak: Economic losses due to the incidence of the disease was important to know, especially for bacterial infection that the clinical symptoms not seem like Campylobacter. This study was aimed to quantify and determine the economic losses due to campylobacteriosis in poultry through experimental studies, as well as knowing the type of antibiotic that effectively overcome the incidence of campylobacteriosis. A total of 130 chicken were divided into 13 flock and get a different treatment (a) treatment group include 10 flock and each flock content of 10 chicken; (b) positive control group include 2 flock and each flock content of 2 chicken; (c) negative control group include 1 flock that content 10 chicken. The treatment that given include infection of C. jejuni from Kudus and Demak each 5 flock; and treatment with antibiotic ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and amoxicillin. The economic count through multiply the different of feed conversion rate (FCR) from control (-) and FCR from the other groups with cost of feed. Body weight and body weight gain in the control (+) lower than the control (-). FCR values of Kudus greater (1.46) than Demak (1.19). In the group of chicken infected C. jejuni from Kudus, additional feed costs incurred to form 1 kg of body weight in the control (+) is IDR 2 560.43, while the group treated with amoxicillin only IDR 250.81. In the group of chicken infected C. jejuni from Demak, additional feed costs incurred to form 1 kg of body weight in the control (+) is IDR 988.92, while the erythromycin-treated group only IDR 408.38. Amoxicillin was most beneficial for treating infections C. jejuni from Kudus. Erythromycin was most beneficial for treating infections C. jejuni from Demak.
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Judul: Aplikasi Eritromisin dan Kloramfenikol dalam Menekan Jumlah Campylobacter spp. dan Koliform pada Ayam yang Diinfeksi oleh Campylobacter jejuni
Abstrak: Campylobacter is one of the major pathogenic bacteria causing food poisoning that can be transmitted through poultry products. Infection C. jejuni and coliform in humans can be caused by eating contaminated food. Transmission can be achieved at the farm level with treatment suffering from campylobacteriosis in poultry, for example by administering antimicrobial. The aimed of this study was to determine the number of Campylobacter spp. and coliform in chickens were infected by C. jejuni before and after treatment with erythromycin and chloramphenicol. A total of 17 chickens kept divided into four experimental groups, namely (A) negative control, chickens were not infected by C. jejuni and without antibiotic treatment, (B) positive control, chickens were infected by C. jejuni and without antibiotic treatment, (C) chickens were infected by C. jejuni and were treated by erythromycin, and (D) chickens infected by C. jejuni and treated by chloramphenicol. Inspection was done in three times, in one day old chickens, after infection (12 days old chickens), and after treatment (17 days old chickens). The average number of Campylobacter spp. at one day old chickens was 2.0 + 0.57 MPN/g, while the average number of coliforms was 2.8 x 107 + 3.5 x 106 cfu/g. After was infected by C. jejuni, the average number of Campylobacter spp. increased to 46 + 27.15 MPN/g, while the average number of coliforms was 2.0 x 106 + 1.7 x 105 cfu/g. After treatment by erythromycin and chloramphenicol, the average number of Campylobacter spp. in both groups decreased, respectively 2.5 + 2.12 as MPN/g and 2 + 0 MPN/g, while the average number of coliforma much as 5.7 x 108 + 3.2 x 107 cfu/g and 4.3 x 108 + 1.7 x 108 cfu/g. From this research, erythromycin or chloramphenicol were effective for treatment of campylobacteriosis in chickens.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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