Judul: Trade System and Estimated Illegal Trading Volume of Green Peafowl (Pavo muticus Linnaeus 1766)
Abstrak: Perdagangan ilegal satwa liar merupakan masalah serius karena dapat menyebabkan kerugian pada negara dan berkurangnya populasi satwa di alam. Merak hijau merupakan salah satu spesies yang terancam karena keindahan bulunya sering kali digunakan dalam kegiatan budaya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi data kasus perdagangan ilegal merak hijau dari tahun 2015 sampai 2020 yang didapatkan melalui studi pustaka data kasus Mahkamah Agung RI dan wawancara kepada BKSDA serta Gakkum LHK. Data yang didapat di analisis untuk mengetahui alur tata niaga, karakteristik pelaku, serta dugaan volume dan nilai perdagangan ilegal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga pelaku yaitu pemburu, perantara, dan konsumen. Pelaku yang terdapat membentuk jenis alur perdagangan ilegal yang didominasi oleh redundant channels dan multiple barriers to market. Jumlah merak hijau yang diperdagangkan selama tahun 2015 sampai 2020 yaitu 36 individu. Setiap tahunnya jumlah merak hijau yang diperdagangkan secara ilegal mengalami fluktuasi dengan tahun 2016 merupakan tahun tertinggi yaitu 14 merak hijau. Dugaan total nilai ekonomi perdagangan ilegal merak hijau dari tahun 2015 sampai 2020 yaitu Rp26.721.000,00., The Illegal wildlife trade is a serious problem for causing losses to the country and reduce the population of wildlife. Green peafowl is one of the species that is threatened cause of its beauty which is used in cultural activities. This research was conducted by identifying data on illegal green peafowl trade cases from 2015 to 2020 which were obtained by literature studies of case data Mahkamah Agung RI and interviews with BKSDA and Gakkum LHK. Data is analyzed to explained the trading system, characteristics of actors, and estimated illegal trading volume and value of green peafowl. The result of the research shows that there are three roles in the illegal trade of green peafowl, it is categorized by the hunter, the intermediary, and the consumer. The actors of illegal trade form a type of illegal trade channel that is dominated by redundant channels and multiple barriers to market. The number of green peafowls traded from 2015 to 2020 is 36 individuals. Every year the number of green peafowls traded illegally fluctuated with 2016 was the highest one with 14 green peafowls. The estimated total volume of green peafowl illegal trade from 2015 to 2020 is IDR 26,721,000.
Keyword: green peafowl, illegal trade, wildlife

Judul: Trading Procedure and Estimation of the Illegal Trade of Rhinoceros Hornbill (Buceros rhinoceros Linnaeus 1758)
Abstrak: Perdagangan satwa liar menguntungkan bagi Indonesia, akan tetapi jika dilakukan secara ilegal perdagangan satwa liar merugikan ekonomi negara, ekologi, budaya, maupun sosial. Salah satu satwa yang sering diburu dan diperdagangkan secara ilegal adalah rangkong badak. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi data kasus perdagangan ilegal rangkong badak dari tahun 2012-2020 yang didapatkan melalui studi pustaka data kasus Mahkamah Agung RI dan wawancara ke Pasar Pramuka Jakarta, BKSDA Jakarta, PPS Alobi Bangka Belitung, dan Ditjen GAKKUM LHK. Data yang didapat, dianalisis untuk mengetahui alur tata niaga, karakteristik pelaku, serta menduga volume dan nilai perdagangan ilegal rangkong badak. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi lima tipe alur tata niaga perdagangan ilegal rangkong badak, yang didominasi oleh tipe multiple barriers to market, dengan pelaku yang paling banyak ditemukan yaitu perantara. Jumlah rangkong badak yang dijual yaitu sebanyak 223 individu yang berfluktuatif tiap tahunnya. Nilai rangkong badak memiliki nilai yang berbeda sesuai dengan keadaan rangkong badak tersebut. Kerugian negara akibat perdagangan ilegal rangkong badak yaitu sebesar Rp1.211.753.030,00., Wildlife trade is beneficial to Indonesia, but if it is carried out illegally, wildlife trade is detrieintal to the country’s economy, ecology, culture, and society. One of the animals are often hunted and traded is the rhinoceros hornbill. The research was conducted by identifying data on illegal trade cases from 2012-2020 obtained through a literature study of case data from Mahkamah Agung RI and interviews to the Pramuka Market Jakarta, BKSDA Jakarta, PPS Alobi Bangka Belitung, Mahkamah Agung, and GAKKUM. The data were analyzed to determine the flow of trade, characteristics, actors, and the alleged volume and value of the illegal rhinoceros hornbill trade. The results of the study identified 5 types of rhinoceros hornbill trade chain, and dominated by multiple barriers to market, with the most common actors being intermediaries. The number of rhinoceros hornbills sold was 223individuals, which fluctuated every year. The value of rhinoceros Hornbill has a different value according to the condition. State losses due to illegal rhinoceos hornbill trade amounted to Rp1.211.753.030,00.
Keyword: animal trade, illegal, rhinoceros hornbill

Judul: Sintesis dan Pencirian Natrium Titanat (Na2Ti2O4(OH)2) Berbahan Dasar Titanium Dioksida
Abstrak: TiO2 can be utilized as basic material for synthesis of sodium titanate (Na2Ti2O4(OH)2). This research was purposed to synthesize and characterize sodium titanate from TiO2 rutile powder as a basic material. Sodium titanate was synthesized by hydrothermal process at temperature 130 °C by mixing TiO2 rutile powder with 5 M and 10 M NaOH solution, then each was calcinated at temperature 700 °C. The energy dispersive X-ray analysis showed that sodium titanate has been successfully synthesized. This result was also supported by functional group analysis with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrofotometer showing the existence of Ti-O-Na vibration band at 989.42 cm-1. The formation of sodium titanate was depend on the reaction condition such as temperature, reaction time, and NaOH concentration. Scanning electron microscope image indicated that sodium titanate synthesized at 130 °C in 20 hours reaction time with 10 M NaOH had crystal size of 99.37 nm.
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