Judul: Land Use Planning for Paddy Field Development in Pandeglang Regency
Abstrak: Food security is a big issue in Indonesia due to the availability of agricultural land caused by land conversion, especially in Java Island, is continually decreasing. Food security is the condition to meet food demand for the state to individuals, as reflected in the availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, safe, diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable, and does not conflict with religion, belief, and culture of the community, to live a healthy life, active life, and productive in a sustainable manner. Therefore, the availability of agricultural land is one of the things that should be considered to ensure future food security, since agricultural land has a comprehensive function covering economic, social, and environmental aspects. However, the trend of agricultural land conversion in Java Island is very concerning. Several policies have been issued to tackle this problem, mainly LP2B (protected agricultural area) and the zoning regulation in spatial planning. However, further directives on these policies must also be formulated to give a further insight and some more comprehensive strategies on agricultural development. Pandeglang Regency is the largest rice production area in Banten Province, with the agricultural sector as the main economic activity in this region. Pandeglang Regency has potential in the agricultural sector, and agricultural land for food agricultural commodities, especially lowland rice, has the potential to be developed. Pandeglang Regency is also experiencing growth due to the enactment of Tanjung Lesung as a Special Economic Zone and various infrastructure development. However, the allocation and strategy for the agricultural area, especially rice/paddy fields, are still lacking and not detailed enough. Therefore, the analysis of the availability and needs of food land can be used to determine the minimum need for food land in Pandeglang Regency. This research aims to give directives on planning and development for the paddy field in Pandeglang Regency by giving an insight on its characteristics, availability, suitability, and potential in each region to be developed based on the spatial analysis result. The dynamics of land use change over the last 13 years in Pandeglang Regency are dominated by the increase of settlement areas, and the decrease of paddy field in contrast. The tradeoff between settlement and paddy field appears to be disproportional, where the rate of increase in settlement area is significantly bigger than the decrease of paddy field, meaning that the settlement area also converts other land uses as well. The other land uses experienced fluctuating change, such as plantation, shrubs, mix garden and bare land. Then this landuse trend are followed with CA-Markov prediction with business as usual (BAU) scenario. The prediction reached a good level of accuracy with kappa index of 0.89, with the end-year for land use prediction are set at 2031 following the year of spatial planning policy. Land use prediction using a CA-Markov method finds out that under BAU condition, settlement areas will continue to increase until the year 2031, with the rate of annual increase stays roughly the same. Meanwhile, the paddy field conversion in 2031 seems to have slowed down, following the 2012-2018 trend. It happened due to
Keyword: land use prediction, agricultural development, multi-criteria decision making, land use prediction, land evaluation, agriculture development, multicriteria decision making

Judul: Model for sustainable protection paddy fields and rice sufficiency in the Banyumas Regency, Central Java Province
Abstrak: Rice is a staple food for almost all the population in Indonesia and is a basic necessity for human life. Therefore, the State is essential to ensure its availability, affordability, and the adequate and quality fulfillment of food consumption evenly across all regions. Paddy fields are a crucial factor in rice production. Allowing continuous conversion of paddy fields in the long term poses a threat to efforts to meet rice sufficiency. The main objective of this research is to develop the model for sustainable protection of paddy fields and domestic rice sufficiency in Banyumas Regency, Central Java Province, with the following sub-objectives: 1) analyzing the dynamics of paddy field changes and trends in conversion, 2) evaluating the suitability classes of paddy fields for rice cultivation, 3) analyzing important variables and influential actors in the protection of paddy fields and sufficiency, 4) constructing a dynamic model and formulating policies for the protection of paddy fields and domestic rice sufficiency in Banyumas Regency. The research was conducted using a combination of several methods (mixed methods). Primary and/or secondary data were collected through various techniques, including literature review, desk analysis, in-depth discussions (in-depth interviews), internet downloads, and field observations. Respondents consisted of stakeholders and/or experts, namely: the Regent, Chair of the Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD), Head of relevant agencies or assigned staff, Agrarian Spatial Planning and National Land Agency (ATR/BPN), Academicians, Agricultural Extension Officers (PPL), Village Officials, farmer groups, farmers, settlement developers, fertilizer agents, and rice traders. The data analysis technique were adjusted to the research objectives. Changes in paddy field land use from 2007 to 2019 and their predictions for 2031 and 2045 were carried out through visual interpretation of SPOT image recordings in 2007, 2014, and 2019 using ArcGIS 10.8.2 and the Landuse Change Modeler (LCM) in the TerrSet software. The evaluation of land suitability classes was performed by a matching system between land characteristics and the requirements for growing rice crops. Important variables and the relationships between variables were analyzed using the Micmac method. Important actors and their involvement in paddy fields protection were analyzed using the Mactor method. The dynamic model for the protection of paddy fields and domestic rice sufficiency was developed by constructing a stock flow diagram (SFD) structure. The conversion of paddy fields into non-paddy fields in Banyumas Regency from 2007 to 2019 reached an area of approximately 1,231 ha (3.87%), with an average annual decrease rate of 102.6 ha/year and a potential loss of rice production of about 1,189 tons of harvested dry paddy per year. In 2045, it is estimated that the paddy field area in Banyumas Regency will be 29,160 ha, with a decrease rate from 2019 to 2045 covering an area of 1,384 ha (4.53%). The evaluation of land suitability classes for rice cultivation in Banyumas Regency indicates that the actual suitability of paddy fields consists of very suitable class (S1) at 52%, moderately suitable (S2) at 10%, marginally suitable (S3) at 38%, and not suitable (N) at 0.05%. The limiting factors encountered include soil pH, base saturation, and soil drainage. Several important
Keyword: kesesuaian lahan, konversi lahan sawah, LP2B, model dinamis, variabel dan aktor, dynamic model, land suitability, LP2B (Paddy Field Protection), paddy field conversion, variables and actors

Judul: Isolasi komponen hemotoksin bisa ular kobra (Naja naja sputatrix)
Abstrak: Elisa ular adalah racun yang diproduksi oleh kelenjar bisa dan digunakan ular untuk mempertahankan dinat mencari mangsa. Bisa ini merupakan campuran dari berbagai komponen. Enzim adalah kompoth utama selain air. Enzim pada bisa ular sangat beragam jenis dan fungsinya. Fosfolipase dan arginin ipadase adalah enzim yang sering terdapat dalam bisa ular dan telah digunakan pada penanganan penyak seperti trombosis Penttian ini bertujuan mengisolasi komponen dari bisa ular kobra dan mengujinya menggunakan sel darah merah sapi 4% untuk aktivitas hemolisis dan bekuan fibrin sapi untuk aktivitas fibrinolisis. Uji aktivitas dilakukan terhadap ekstrak kasar dan fraksi kolom bisa ular. Fraksi kolom diperoleh dari pemurutan ekstrak kasar menggunakan kromatografi filtrasi gel (Sephadex G-75) untuk memperoleh fraksa paksu dengan serapan tertinggi pada A. 280 nm. Ekstrak kasar dan fraksi kolom dengan serapan tertinggi dilakukan pengukuran kandungan protein, Fraksi aktif hasil uji aktivitas selanjutnya ditentukan berat molekulnya (BM) dengan elektroforesis SDS PAGE. Basaglar kobra merupakan cairan pekat berwarna kuning dengan kadar air 71.45%. Dari hasil uji aktivitas diperoleh bisa ular hanya memiliki aktivitas hemolisis sel darah merah sapi secara langsung. Aktivitas ini ditunjukkan oleh fraksi kolom nomor 15 dan 16 tetapi tidak dalam ekstrak kasar. Penurunan konsentrasi ekstrak kasar tidak mempengaruhi terhadap adanya aktivitas hemolisis. Hal ini diduga karena mungkin terdapat inhibitor dalam ekstrak kasar bisa. Inhibitor memiliki BM yang berbeda dengan enzim hemalisis sehingga dapat dipisahkan menggunakan filtrasi gel. Berdasarkan hasil elektroforesis diperolch enzim bemolisis terdapat dalam ekstrak kasar dan tersebar pada fraksi kolom nomor 15 dan 16 dengan BM sekitar 27300 Da
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