Judul: Production of Nanocellulose- Polyvinyl Alcohol- Alginate Based Filaments
Abstrak: Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFBs) are solid waste that are produced from crude palm oil extraction. Generally, it contains around 41-46.5% of cellulose, 25.3-33.8% of hemicellulose, and 27.6-32.5% of lignin (Suriyani 2009). Nanocellulose (NC) was isolated from OPEFBs through several treatments, including delignification, bleaching, ultrafine grinding, and ultrasonication. The obtained nanocellulose was processed further into filaments by mixing with sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). In this project, nanocellulose- PVA- alginate based filaments were produced by wet spinning method with CaCl2 as coagulant solvent. The effect of several formulations and CaCl2 concentration on the morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties of filaments were observed. The results showed that the increasing of NC concentration produced filaments that have better thermal properties and higher crystallinity, but the morphology of filament surface become rougher. The increasing of NC concentration up to 7% also increased the filament mechanical properties. Meanwhile, the increasing of CaCl2 concentration produced filaments that have better thermal properties, smoother surface, and higher crystallinity (up to 10% CaCl2), but with decreasing of mechanical properties (tensile strength) due to some cracks that occured on the surface of filaments with 13% of CaCl2.
Keyword: coagulant solvent, filaments, nanocellulose, oil palm empty fruit bunches, wet spinning

Judul: Analisis Karakteristik Sifat Fisis Filamen Nanoselulosa-Alginat-PVA Untuk Aplikasi 3D Bioink
Abstrak: Nanoselulosa merupakan karbohidrat yang sangat melimpah di alam. Selain ramah lingkungan, nanoselulosa memiliki sifat biokompatibel, biodegradable, dan printability sehingga dapat diaplikasikan sebagai bahan baku 3D bioink. Matrix PVA/alginat dapat diformulasikan dengan selulosa sebagai reinforcing agent. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh konsentrasi nanoselulosa terhadap sifat fisis filamen yang dibuat menggunakan metode wet spinning. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah meta-analisis dengan pendekatan regresi linear sederhana. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan pencarian nilai koefisien determinasi (R2), p-value, serta koefisien kemiringan kurva. Melalui model regresi linear sederhana, kekuatan mekanis material dari hasil uji tensile strength dianalisis pada penelitian ini. Selain itu, derajat kristalinitas dan stabilitas termal juga dianalisis. Spektra FTIR filamen dianalisis berdasarkan intensitas, shifting wave number, dan gugus fungsi. Morfologi permukaan dan cross section filamen diamati citranya melalui hasil uji SEM. Diameter partikel ikut serta diulas., Nanocellulose is a carbohydrate that is very abundant in nature. In addition to being environmentally friendly, nanocellulose has biocompatible, biodegradable, and printability properties so that it can be applied as a raw material for 3D bioink. Matrix PVA/alginate can be formulated with cellulose as a reinforcing agent. This study aims to analyze the effect of nanocellulose concentration on the physical properties of filaments made using the wet spinning method. The method used in this study is a meta-analysis with a simple linear regression approach. Data processing was carried out by searching for the coefficient of determination (R2), p-value, and the slope coefficient of the curve. Through a simple linear regression model, the mechanical strength of the material from the tensile strength test results was analyzed in this study. In addition, the degree of crystallinity and thermal stability were also analyzed. Filament FTIR spectra were analyzed based on intensity, shifting wave number, and functional groups. The surface morphology and the cross section of the filament were observed through the SEM test results. The particle diameter was also reviewed.
Keyword: Meta-analysis, nanocellulose, PVA-alginate, wet spinning

Judul: Biologi Troides helena helena dan Troides helena hephaestus (Papilionidae) di Penangkaran
Abstrak: Indonesia adalah negara kepulauan beriklim tropik dengan berbagai tipe habitat dan ekosistem. Kondisi alam Indonesia merupakan habitat yang cocok bagi berbagai fauna termasuk kupu-kupu. Diperkirakan sekitar 4 000 – 5 000 jenis kupu-kupu terdapat di Indonesia. Troides helena merupakan salah satu kupu-kupu yang memiliki kombinasi warna sayap indah dan berukuran besar, sehingga menarik perhatian kolektor kupu-kupu. T. helena termasuk satwa yang diperdagangkan dan telah memasukkan devisa dari subsektor kehutanan Indonesia. Untuk mencegah dari kepunahan karena eksploitasi yang berlebihan, maka pemerintah melindungi T. helena melalui PP No. 7 Tahun 1999. Semua genus Troides masuk dalam daftar Appendix II CITES, sehingga perdagangan jenis ini harus merupakan hasil budi daya di penangkaran.
Keyword: