Judul: Analisis Perencanaan Usaha Inwall Tenant Pengolahan Susu Kedelai Bubuk di Pusat Inkubator Agribisnis dan Agroindustri, Institut Pertanian Bogor (Kasus Magang di Bernal Unifoods)
Abstrak: Industri pengolahan pangan dan hasil pertanian merupakan salah satu unsur dari agroindustri yang pada prinsipnya bertujuan untuk meningkatkan nilai ekonomi pangan dan mengurangi terjadinya penurunan mutu pangan. Salah satu iudustri pengolahan pangan tersebut adalah Bernal Unifoods yang liierupakan industri pengolahan susu ltedelai bubuk yang baru didiriltan. Sebagai salah satu te/?rmt di Pusat Inkubator Agribisnis dan Agroindustri (PIAA) IPB, Bemal Unifoods lile~nperoleh berbagai fasilitas seperti sarana fisik, kesempatan akses dan pembentukan jaringan kerja, pelayanan konsultasi dan sebagainya.
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Judul: Analisis kelayakan usaha dan optimasi produksi susu kedelai bubuk di Bernal Unifoods, Tenant Pusat Inkubator Agribisnis dan Agroindustri Institut Pertanian Bogor (PIAA - IPB)
Abstrak: Bernal Unifoods adalah salah satu perusahaan binaan Pusat Inkubator Agribisnis dan Agroindustri IPB dengan produksinya susu kedelai bubuk. Saat ini kapasitas produksi perusahaan adalah 15 kg kedelai per pengolahan (2 hari), atau separuh dari kapasitas produksi maksimum. Dari kapasitas tersebut dihasilkan 81 kotak susu kedelai per pengolahan dengan tiga jenis rasa yaitu vanilla, coklat dan strawberry: Rata-rata jumlah produk yang telah terjual (bulan Mei-Juni 1999) adalah 210 kotak per bulan untuk rasa vanilla, 97 kotak per bulan untuk rasa coklat sedangkan untuk rasa strawberry belum sempat dipasarkan akibat permasalahan flavor (flavor beraroma obat). Magang ini dilaksanakan di Bernal Unifoods, Pusat Inkubator Agribisnis dan Agroindustri dari tanggal 5 April sampai dengan 31 Juni 1999. Selain untuk mendapatkan keterampilan berwirausaha, magang ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis titik impas dan kelayakan finansial serta menentukan jumlah produksi optimum dari tiap jenis produk yang dihasilkan dari usaha produksi susu kedelai bubuk di Bernal Unifoods. Analisis titik impas dilakukan untuk mengetahui jumlah produksi minimum dari tiap jenis rasa susu kedelai bubuk yang dihasilkan agar perusahaan tidak mendapatkan kerugian. Untuk mengetahui tingkat kelayakan perusahaan dari segi finansial, dilakukan analisis kelayakan dengan cara mencari nilai keuntungan dari penjualan bersih (NPV), IRR. Benefit Cost Ratio, serta Pay Back Period (masa pengembalian investasi)…
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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