Judul: Genetic Evaluation of Yield Potential and Other Important Characters in Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) to Support High Yielding Variety Development
Abstrak: To develop high yielding varieties of physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.), an important oil producing crop needed to support development of renewable energy resources program in Indonesia requires genetic evaluation of the germplasm. The collected genetic data are important for designing the appropriate Jatropha breeding program. The objectives of this research were to evaluate: 1) morphological and yield potential performances of selected J. curcas genotypes, 2) genetic variance and heritabilities of important characters and their correlation with yield, 3) combining ability of selected genotypes and their heterotic values, 4) existence of inbreeding and outbreeding depression, and 5) inheritance of hermaphrodite flower characters of monoecious and tri-monoecious parent types. Results of the experiment indicated that 60 J. curcas genotypes evaluated exhibited a wide variation in number of branches, days to flowering, number of inflorescences, bunches, fruits and nuts per plant. Number of branches, inflorescences and bunches were positively correlated with number of fruits and nuts per plant while days to flowering was negatively correlated with all generative characters. The ten selected genotypes exhibited high phenotypic variation in number of branches, days to flowering, number of inflorescences, bunches and fruits. The coefficient of variation (CV) for all of these characters were generally > 20 %. Days to flowering, number of inflorescences, bunches and fruits exhibited wide genotypic variation with genetic variability coefficients (GVC) as high as 21,89; 29,77; 32,08; and 33,75, respectively. They also showed a wide genetic variability (2g > 2 2g) and high broad sense heritability (h2bs  50). Therefore, days to flowering, number of inflorescences, bunches and fruits could be used as selection parameters. Moreover, number of total branches was especially usefull since it showed positive correlation to a number of yield component character. The ten selected parents exhibited different values of combining ability and they all had DGU/DGK > 1. Such value indicated a greater additive gene effects than the non-additive ones. High yielding genotypes, such as 3012-1 and PT 15-1, generally exhibited high GCA for a number of characters (days to flowering, width of canopy, number of total branches, inflorescences, and fruits) while medium yielding genotypes, such as PT 33-2, exhibited high GCA only for number of inflorescences, total branches, and fruits characters. Those three promising genotypes could be selected and used as a base population to develop high yielding synthetic J. curcas variety with the characteristics of early flowering. Results of the experiment also demonstrated that crossing among high and medium yielding parents were able to potentially produce very high yielding progenies. Depending on the observed characters, either selfing or outcrossing may results in depression in several F1 populations. Outbreeding depression reduced up to 31 – 76 % of fruit numbers yielded per plant. In the last experiment, hermaphrodite flower occured mostly at 6 months after sowing and the frequencies it occurrences ranged from 7-83 % of the total flowers. Hermaphrodite flowers of tri-monoecious plant exhibited better fruit set than that of monoecious. Hermaphrodite flowers exhibited higher fruit set (average: 80 %) than those of female flowers (average: 50 %), respectively. Hermaphrodite flowers were not maternally inherited and
Keyword: Andro-monoecious

Judul: Genetic analysis of morpho-agronomic characters of selectively-bred jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) based on quantitative and molecular approaches.
Abstrak: The recent scarcity of fuel has stimulated many efforts to remove dependence on petroleum oil by finding alternative sources of new and renewable energy so that its availability can be predicted and renewable. Jatropha curcas L. has been chosen as a source of biofuel that has an important role as a petroleum oil substitute, especially for producing biodiesel, as Jatropha seeds have an oil content of up to 35% with oleic acid and linoleic as the main components. This renders Jatropha seeds suitable for use as a biofuel. Development of Jatropha as a biofuel is still hindered by the lack of variety which is economically profitable. Possible efforts for the development of Jatropha in Indonesia include: exploration of Jatropha plants from various regions of Indonesia, introducing the plants from abroad and plant breeding. The purpose of this study was to understand the genetic diversity of the parental and the first generation (F1) Jatropha plants based on morphological and molecular markers. More over was to investigate the correlation between morpho-agronomic traits on the seed productivity and the oil content of the second generation (F2), as well as to obtain potential candidates of Jatropha genotypes producing seeds with high content of oil and high seed productivity. The experiment was conducted at the Biotech Center, BPPT and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University from November 2011 to January 2013. The study divided into three stages. The first stage was to formulate hypothesis on genetic diversity and heritability of morpho-agronomic characters of the parental and F1 Jatropha plants. The second stage was to analyze the genotypic similarity of the parental and F1 Jatropha plants based on molecular markers, and the third stage was to analyze the correlation of morpho-agronomic characters on the F2 Jatropha plants. There were 16 parental and F1 genotypes of Jatropha used in this study, with the experimental design was a complete randomized block. Five plants were used from each genotype, with three replications. Results of this study showed that genetic diversity of morpho-agronomic characters on the parental and F1 Jatropha plants was relatively narrow, with genetic diversity coefficient of 2.73% to 9.02%. The broad-sense heritability was high for all characters, ranged from 32.26% to 85.89%. In this study among the 16 parental and F1 genotypes of Jatropha had no morpho-agronomic characters which directly correlated to productivity and seed oil content. Characters that can be chosen as a selection criterion to obtain the total dry weight of a high seed were the number of fruit and the total seed number per bunch. Based on the similarity analysis of 15 genotypes of Jatropha against 33 loci of Random Amplified Polimorphic DNA (RAPD) marker, it demonstrated that vii similarity coefficient matrix was ranging from 0.36 to 1.00. The lowest coefficient value (0.36) was found between genotype LMPxPDI and JGY, as well as between LMPxPDI and JGY. While the highest coefficient value (1.0) was found between genotype KMRxKMR LMPxLMP. RAPD marker-based dendrogram classified the 16 Jatropha genotypes into four groups at the similarity coefficient of 0.72. Group I, III and IV consisted of only
Keyword: heritability, genetic variability coefficient, genetic variance, phenotypic diversity

Judul: Distemper Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Distemper merupakan penyakit infeksius pada bimbingan anjing yang menduduki tempet teratas dan penyakit ini tersebar di seluruh bagian dunia dimana terdapat anjing-anjing yang dipelihara, terutama pada anjing-anjing muda di kota-kota besar, pada kelompok-kelompok anjing atau pada situasi lain dimana banyak terdapat kontak antara anjing. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh virus yang termasuk dalam famili Paramyxoviridae dan genus Morbilivirus. Infeksi virus ini sering disertai oleh infeksi sekunder oleh kuman Staphylococcus, streptococcus, Brucella bronchiseptica dan kuman Salmonella, inilah yang kadang-kadang sebagai penyebab kematian.
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