Judul: Perbandingan Wavelet Daubechies dan MFCC sebagai ekstraksi ciri pada pengenalan fonem berdasarkan distribusi normal
Abstrak: Speech recognition is speech to text transcription. Speech to text transcription system is a system used to convert a voice signal from a microphone into a single or a set of words. Most research of speech to text transcription used technique which every word in corpus is modeled. It is not effective if we want to develop a large vocabulary speech recognition system which number of words in corpus are more than one thousand words. Therefore, this research developed phoneme recognition with early stage in speech recognition. This research used some stage proces, those are take data, feature extraction, and feature matching. Normal Distribution (Gaussian) is used for feature matching, Wavelet Daubechies and MFCC is used for feature extraction. Corpus on this research consist of 11 words in Indonesian which each word recorded 20 times, 15 times for data training and 5 times for data testing. This research used 13 cepstral coefficients. Phonemes are generated from the segmentation process, and then mhu and sigma be calculated to generate the model. This case produced 26 models. The best accuracy is 90% generated by feature extraction MFCC and 46.92% generated by the Wavelet Daubechies.
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Judul: Perbandingan pemodelan Wavelet dan MFCC sebagai ekstraksi ciri pada pengenalan fonem dengan teknik jaringan syaraf tiruan sebagai classifier
Abstrak: Researches on voice signals have been carried out using various signal processing methods, such as Linear Prediction Coding (LPC), Mel Frequency cepstrum coefficients (MFCC), and Neural Predictive Coding (NPC) which the whole method is based on Fourier transformation. Therefore, comparisons will be made with other approaches based on Wavelet transformation. This research would be the comparison of two feature extraction types, that are Wavelet daubechies and MFCC. Wavelet Transformation has become increasingly popular in signal processing as image and speech. Wavelet transformation has demonstrated good time-frequency localization properties and are appropiate tools for the analysis of non-stationary signals like speech. MFCC feature extraction that computes the cepstral coefficients by considering the human hearing. ANN multilayer perceptron, known as backpropagation used as classifier. From the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the use of Daubechies Wavelet methods as feature extraction on phoneme recognition is not better than MFCC. The accuracy of Daubechies Wavelet method with a 220 hidden neurons ANN learning has achived 36% rate as the best test results. While on phoneme recognition with MFCC method achieved 100% accuracy rate with a 240 hidden neuron learning ANN.
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Judul: Mercury Toxicity and It’s Effect on Histopathology Change of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).
Abstrak: Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of fish species that oportunity to contaminated with mercury. The effects of pollutants can damage living organisms organs and can cause death. The effects caused mercury had acute or chronic character. The aims of this study are to determine threshold and acute toxicity of mercury chloride (HgCl2) of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), to assess the effect of mercury chloride (HgCl2) on several biometric parameters (survival, growth rate of average daily weighted, liver condition, bile and reproductive variability of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), assess the level of damage to the histological structure of the gills, liver and kidney of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) caused mercury chloride (HgCl2) exposure. This study was conducted from February to June 2013. Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were used in this study were female with average weight 20 grams or 11-13 cm length range. Toxicant materials used in this study was mercury chloride (HgCl2). Fish were reared in each aquarium 60x40x30 containing 48 liters of water. This study consists of three stages: a preliminary test, acute test, and sub-chronic test. To determine the changes in biometric condition of tilapia approximated by measuring the survival rate (SR), the growth rate of average daily weight , the content of mercury in the fish organs, hepatosomatic index (HSI), the relative bile volume (VER), gonadal soamtic index (IKG), fecundity and oocit diameter, tissue damage caused by mercury in fish organs by making histological preparations stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The median lethal concentration (96 hr, LC50) of Mercury Chloride was calculated as 1,64 mgL--1.The survival rate was highest in the control treatment (46,67 %) . Mercury chloride with concentration 0.196 mgL--1 show significant effect to changes HSI and relative bile volume, and oocyte diameter of Nile tilapia (p < 0,05). Mercury chloride with a concentration of 0,164 mgL-1 and 0,196 mgL-1 have not a significant effect on the growth rate of weight, gonadal somatic index and fecundity of Nile tilapia (p > 0,05). Mercury chloride cause damage to gills (hyperplasia, hypertrophy, proliferation and neukrosis), liver (hyperplasia, hemorhage, shrinkage of hepatocytes, proliferation and neukrosis) and kidney (hyperplasia, hemorrhage, shrinkage of the glomerulus, proliferation and neukrosis).
Keyword: Nile tilapia, Hepatosomatic indexs (HSI), histopathology