Judul: Evaluasi Keragaman Fenotipe Truss Morfometrik Ikan Nilem untuk Pengembangan Budidaya Ikan Nilem
Abstrak: Nilem is one of the freshwater fish commodities that are widely developed in Tasikmalaya. Productivity of nilem is decreasing every year. Effort to maintain and enhance fish production nilem sustainable, should be supported by the genetically superior stock programme improvement. Genetic improvement of quality is closely linked to the level of genetic diversity to be expressed in the phenotype so that the information of genetic diversity is one of the basic aspect in conducting breeding programs. Material used in this experimental were greennilem and were-nilem. Truebreed green-nilem obtained by induced spawning and measured to get heritability value. Truss morphometric measurements performed on three populations. Variability coefficient ranged from 0.06 to 0.27 and 0.03 to 0.49 in green-nilem and were-nilem respectively. Interpopulation relation based on similarities between green-nilem population and their offspring (truebreed) reach 43.25%, while the similarity of green-nilem and were-nilem is 26.37%. Based on the MANOVA test, the distinguish character of green-nilem and werenilem are the distance ratio between the starting point of the anal fin to the end point of the dorsal fin and also the distance ratio between the bottom of the pectoral fins to the midpoint between the head and dorsal fin. On the other hand, heritability value of green-nilem ranged from 0.02% to 6.79%. This indicates that genetic improvement of existing nilem population for nilem culture development can be achieved by family selection and hybridization programme.
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Judul: Evaluasi Ragam Genetik Ikan Nila Hasil Seleksi BEST F4, F5, dan Nirwana II Berdasarkan Analisis RAPD dan Truss Morfometrik
Abstrak: Genetic variability is important basic in the selection activity for improving the genetic quality of population. The aim of this research was to analyze the genetic variability of Nile tilapia BEST F4, F5 and Nirwana II using 3 molecular markers of RAPD (OPA-02, OPA-03, OPC-05) and 21 characters of truss morphometric. The results showed that the Nile population of BEST F5 has polymorphism 48% and heterozygosity 0,1925 the highest than F4 and Nirwana II. The genetic distance relationship of Nile BEST F4, F5 and Nirwana II ranged from 0,0962 to 0,1752 and based on the comparison of Fst indicated the significant differences between populations nile BEST F4 and Nirwana II (p≤0.05). The relationship of 21 phenotype of morphometric character described the similarity among population except 6 characters (B6, B3, B1, A3, C1, D6) and dendrograme grouped Nile BEST F4 and F5 in different cluster with Nirwana II population.
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Judul: Katalis Eterifikasi Gliserol Berbasis Poli–(asam stirena sulfonat) dari Limbah Styrofoam.
Abstrak: Styrofoam waste can be converted to poly–(sulfonate styrene acid) (PSSA) that can be used as catalyst. The objective of this research is to get PSSA that can catalyze the etherification of glycerol and benzyl alcohol. The styrofoam waste was converted to PSSA by reacting with H2SO4 98% (as sulfonation agent) and P2O5 (as sulfonation catalyst) at 40 °C for 6 hours. Characterizations of PSSA included functional groups, sulfonation levels, water swelling, and thermal stability. The yield of PSSA was 40-55%. The success of sulfonated polystyrene was shown by –SO3H group absorption at 1157.29 cm-1. Etherification of glycerol and benzyl alcohol using PSSA catalyst was conducted at 110 °C for 12 hours. The conversion in producing mono–benzyl ether glycerol was 8.10%, 1,3–dibenzyletherglycerol 2.60%, and dibenzyl ether 9.80%. Therefore, the PSSA can be used as etherification catalyst.
Keyword: benzyl alcohol, etherification, glycerol, polystyrene, PSSA