Judul: Partisipasi Masyarakat Desa Hutan dalam Program Pengelolaan Hutan Bersama Masyarakat di KPH Cepu Perum Perhutani Unit I Jawa Tengah
Abstrak: Since a long time ago, the people of Indonesia in satisfying such needs as houses, clothing, food, medicine, and environmental services have depended heavily on forests. The increase of population has caused the living necessities to increase and triggered the exploitation of forest resources commercially at a large-scale. Based on the recapitulation of KPH Cepu, the incidence of theft and forest fires is high every year. Responding to the increasing forest disturbances, Perhutani applied several new multi-sector policies related to forest management. One form of the new policies is the PHBM (Forest Management together with Community) program. KPH Cepu began to launch the program in 2003. This program opens an opportunity for people to participate directly in forest management. This started with the establishment of cooperation between Perhutani and LMDH (Rural Forest Community Institution). One element of the successful implementation of PHBM is the effectiveness of LMDH. An effective LMDH is one that involve the community in each activity. The study was conducted in the villages of Bleboh and Nglebur, Perum Perhutani KPH Cepu Unit I Central Java, from September 2011 through November 2011. The data used were of primary and secondary types. The purpose of this study was to identify the activities of PHBM, analyze people‟s participation in the PHBM program, and analyze the effectiveness of LMDH. the number of selected villages was two, namely the village of Bleboh and Nglebur with 30 respondents in each village. Based on the research results, there are two types of activities in PHBM at KPH Cepu: the activities inside the forest area and the activities outside the forest area. The inside activities include planting, maintaining, intercropping, and security. The outside activities involve the establishment of saprotan shop, cattle and goats breeding, empon-empon farming, and nurseries. The implemented program of PHBM in LMDH of Wana Sumber Mulyo consists of the activities only inside forest area, whereas the PHBM program in LMDH of Wana Tani Makmur includes the activities both inside and outside the forest area. Participation of pesanggem in PHBM program is still partial, i.e. limited to the phase of implementation and allocation of shared profit from non-wood products. The effectiveness LMDH as an institution has not yet complied with the four principles of good forest governance.
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Judul: Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Program Pengelolaan Hutan Bersama Masyarakat (PHBM) LMDH Wana Bumi Tirta Makmur, Desa Banjaranyar, BKPH Margasari, KPH Balapulang, Perum Perhutani Unit I Jawa Tengah
Abstrak: Perum Perhutani as a state-owned companywho mandated to manage state forests are required to give great attention to the socio-economic problems of society, especially the rural people who mostly live arround the forest. An increase in market demand and the needs of the people who lives arround the forest for land that continue to increase for the sustainability of their lifes, making Perum Perhutanito conduct the forest resource management systems that involve the community who lives arround the forest with a system of Pengelolaan Hutan Bersama Masyarakat (PHBM).The purpose of this study is to analyze the public perception of PHBM program and obtain the information about the welfare level of the PHBM participants after join the PHBM program. The selection of respondents was done by a simple random sampling, which amounted to 30 respondents. An analysis of the respondents perception referred to the Likert scale and calculated using the basic statistic formula and assisted with the "Descriptive Statistics" Frequencies" application in SPSS 17, while for the analysis forthe relationship of respondents' income before and after participating in PBHM program was tested by using the "Compare Means "Paired -Samples T Test" applicationor the t-test in SPSS 17 software. PHBM program help to increase the income of rural forest communities whobecomes a pesanggemand have join in LMDH whichhold a partnership with the party of PerumPerhutani to participate in PHBM program. That income increase> 50% from Rp. 9,200,450, -/year to Rp. 14,495,950, -/year through the land provision by the local Perum Perhutani which can be tilled by the communities around the forest through the intercropping system. Villagers around the forest feel a huge benefit with the PHBM program, therefore the majority of the villagers have a good perception of the PHBM program with a percentage of 43.3%, followed the percentage of medium perception is36.7% and the percentageof low perception is 20 %. PHBM program also help the economy and improve the rural forest community welfare. The income according to the two criteria of welfare, the Sajogyo Poverty Line and the Tegal regency local minimum wage, most pesanggem not considered poor with percentage of 100% according to the Sajogyo Poverty Line and 56.67% by Tegal regency local minimum wage.
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Judul: Sintesis dan pengukuran konduktivitas listrik, sifat termal, serta struktur konduktor superionik gelas AgBr-Ag2O-B2O3
Abstrak: Koncluktor superionik adalah padatan ionik yang mempunyai koncluktivitas listrik tinggi yaitu lebih besar dari 10-4 .0·1 cnf1, tetapi biasanya terjadi pada suhu yang tinggi. Pcneli:ian ini berlujuan untuk mensintesis clan memperoleh bahan konduktor superionik yang berbasis gelas (AgBr)., (Ag20-B20_1)1_, pacla suhu kamar, serta karakterisasi konduktivitas listrik, sifat tcrrnal dan perubahan stmktur dari sistem gclas terscbut. Konduktor superionik berbasis gclas (AgBr)x (Ag2O-B2O3)1.x dcngan x yang bcrvariasi yaitu 0,5; 0,7; dan 0,8 tclah disintcsis dcngan menggunakan teknik pendinginan ccpat. Carnpuran lcbunu1 AgBr dan Ag20-B203 didinginkan secara cepat dalam lingkungan nitrogen cair sehingga terbentuk (AgBrt (Ag20-B203)1_,. Pcngukuran konduktivilas listrik dilakukan pada berbagai komposisi x dcngan earn mcngukur tahanan listriknya dengan suhu yang bervariasi menggunakan mctoda ac yang mcnerapkan: prinsip jembatan Wheatstone. Untuk menganalisis sifat struktur digunakan difrnksi sinar-x, sedangkan pengukuran sifat tennal dari konduktor digunakan Differential 7'lierma/ Analysis. Hasil pengukuran mcnunjukkan bahwa konduktivitas listrik scnyawa (AgBr), (Ag20-B203)1• , naik dcngan pcnambahan garam AgBr pada sistem gelas Ag2O-B2O3 mcncapai nilai konduktivitas yang maksimum kcmudian nilai tcrsebut akan l\mm kemba!L Konduktivitas listrik yang optimum didapat pada komposisi x = 0,8, yaitu 9,12 · 10-6 n·1 cm-1 pada suhu kamar. Oleh sebab itu scnyawa (AgBr), (Ag20- B203)1.x bclum dapat digolongkan sebagai konduktor supcrionik pada suhu kamar. Namun scnymva tcrscbut dapat bcrlaku scbagai konduktor superionik jika suhu dinaikkan hingga 110°C dcngari konduktivitasnya 1,22 · 10··1 rr1 cnf1• Hasil analisis tcnnal untuk semua komposisi menunjukkan suhu transisi gelas sekitar l 75°C, scdangkan pola difraksi yang tcrjadi pada x = 0,5 dan x = 0,8 adalah kristalin, dan pada x = 0,7 rnempunyai polu amorf.
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