Judul: Pengaruh Rasio Amilosa-Amilopektin dan Kadar Air terhadap Kerenyahan dan Kekerasan Model Produk Gorengan
Abstrak: Nowadays fried products are becoming the popular food. Most of them are using rice or glutinous rice flour for giving textural properties, especially crispiness and hardness. Starch is one of food components that contribute in defining textural properties of fried product. The difference of amylose-amylopectin ratio in starch plays important role in microstructural properties of food and may cause any different crispiness and hardness to fried food. In addition, the water content of fried food also affects the crispiness and hardness. This research studied the effect of amylose-amylopectin ratio, water content, and time of storage to crispiness and hardness using fried food model based rice flour and glutinous rice flour. Amylose-amylopectin ratio could be altered by changing the ratio of rice flour and glutinous rice flour and water content could be altered by changing the time of frying. Crispiness and hardness were analysed by trained panelists using Profile Texture Sensory Method. Rice type IR64 and glutinous rice type Ciasem were used in this research for getting wide range of amylose-amylopectin ratio. There were four ratio of amylose-amylopectin that were 0.04, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.58 as treatment to know the effects of amylose-amylopectin ratio to crispiness and hardness. Times of frying as a treatment of water content effect which were used were 10, 12, 16, 18 minutes. The last treatment of storage time was ratio of amylose-amylopectin 0.04 and 0.58 which were stored on 2, 4, and 6 hours to know the changing of crispiness and hardness. The comparation of flour and water that showed the best batter consistency was comparation between flour and water 1:0.7. Ratio of amylose-amylopectin 0.04 had the highest crispiness and lowest hardness. The time of frying 18 minutes resulted the lowest water content which gave the highest crispiness and lowest hardness. The ratio of amylose-amylopectin 0.04 had a more crispiness decreasing and hardness increasing than ratio of amylose-amylopectin 0.58 after 6 hours storage. Amylopectin increased the crispiness butdecreasedthe hardness. Water content of fried product also became a factor to crispiness and hardness. Fried product which hada low water content gave a high crispiness and low hardness. Amylopectin and water were easier to interact more than amylose and water on storage. On certain time, this interaction gave a more decreasing crispiness than amylose-water although amylopectin was a main factor to increase crispiness and lower hardness.
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Judul: Pengaruh Penambahan Berbagai Jenis Pati dan Tepung terhadap Mutu Batter yang Diaplikasikan pada Tempe yang Digoreng dengan Metode Deep Frying.
Abstrak: Batters are used to improve fried battered product quality. The objectives of this research are to study the rheological properties of batter with different flours and starches addition (sagoo, rice flour, dextrine, tapioca and potato starch) into batter formulation and to study the effects of different flours and starches addition for battered tempeh quality included coating pick-up, cooking yield, texture, color, moisture content, oil content and panelist preferences. Addition of rice flour and tapioca into batter formulation, can increase the viscosity of the batter. Coating pick-up and cooking yield tend to increase with the increment of the viscosity, so it can control the movement of cooking oils into food product and prevent the water evaporation. Coating pick-up of the batters with different flours and starches addition ranged from 1-2 %, and cooking yield of the batters ranged from 22.74-42.85%. The batters with good barrier ability are showed with low oil content of the products, for example battered tempeh with rice flour addition has the lowest oil content between others, it has 14.49% oil content of the product that fried for 15 minutes. Over all, included texture, color, aroma and taste, battered tempeh with potato starch addition is the most preferred by panelists because it has the highest rating hedonic scale.
Keyword: batters, rheology of batters, coating pick-up, cooking yield, moisture content, oil content, texture, color, panelist preferences

Judul: Pelabelan Super Vertex Magic
Abstrak: Super vertex magic labeling is labeling on graph with is a set of edges mapped into and is a set of vertices mapped into . It has a vertex magic labeling in which and represents the size and order of the graph respectively. This manuscript proves that paths, cyclics, and disjoint union of cyclics have a super vertex magic labeling. There are four theorems to be discussed. The first theorem proves that path is super vertex magic if and only if is odd and . The second theorem proves that cyclic is super vertex magic if and only if is odd. The third theorem proves that bijection function from an edge set onto of graph can be extended to a super vertex magic labeling if and only if the set amount of edge label that incidents with a vertex in the graph, consists of sequential integers as many as vertices in the graph. The fourth theorem proves that disjoint union of the cyclics consists of cyclics with each cyclic has vertices is super vertex magic if and only if and are odd.
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