Judul: Pemeriksaan Toksikopatologi Efek Pemberian Berbagai Fraksinasi Ekstrak Batang Gatep Pahit (Quassia indica (Gaernt.) Nooteboom) Pada Organ Hati dan Ginjal Mencit (Mus musculus)
Abstrak: The aim of this research was to study the toxicopathology effect of gatep pahit (Q. indica) stem extract fractionation given using various solvents of different polarity (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol residue) on mice (Mus musculus) liver and kidney. Twenty five mice (Mus musculus) were divided into five groups. Four groups were given 100 mg/kg BW stem extract fractionation of Q. indica using various different solvent and one group of mice performed as control which received carboxymethocellulose (CMC-Na) 1%. After 1 week of treatment, the mice then were euthanized with over dose of ether. The liver and kidney were taken and fixed in 10% of Buffer Neutral Formalin for 48 hours. The tissue samples were processed to make histopathology slides stained with Hematoxylin Eosin. The tissues were examined under the light microscope. The toxicopathology assay included to count the cells under went necrosis/apoptosis and degeneration. The results revealed that the Q. indica chloroform fraction has the lowest level of damage to hepatocytes while hexane fraction showed the most hepatocytes damaged. The Q. indica hexane fraction caused the less damage in kidney tubular epithelium while the ethyl acetate showed the most epithelium damaged.
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Judul: Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Tumbuhan Obat Antimalaria  Quassia indica Terhadap Toksikopatologi Organ Hati dan  Ginjal Mencit (Mus musculus).
Abstrak: The aim of this research was to study the toxicopathology effect of Quassia indica act of distributing with various level doses in the liver and kidney of mice (Mus musculus). 25 mice (Mus musculus) separated into 5 groups which were adapted for two weeks before using in this experiment. Four groups were received Quassia indica extract at various level doses, of 1, 10, 100, and 1000 mg/kg body weight, and one group of mice acted as control which received with Carboxymethocellulose (CMC-Na). After receiving Quassia indica for seven days the mice then were euthanized with over dose of ether. The liver and kidney were taken and samples fixated in Buffer Neutral Formalin 10% solution for 48 hours then the making of histopathology slides. Histopathology slides stained with Haematoksilin Eosin and observed with video-photo microscope. In the liver, observation was founded the cell with degeneration and apoptotic around vena porta and vena centralis, and in the kidney was founded degeneration and apoptotic of tubule epithelium, glomerular atrophy and protein sedimentation. Based on the result and analized with statistic method can be concluded that the distribution of Quassia indica extract with 1000 mg/kg BW doses could emerge a significant lesion on the liver and kidney of mice (Mus musculus).
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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