Judul: Swiftlet’s House Environment Characteristics and The Production of Edible-Swiftlet Nest of Collocalia fuciphaga in Haurgeulis, Indramayu District, West Java
Abstrak: Swiftlets farmings have various problems such as the reduction in population and swiftlets’s nest production due to the variabilities of environment characterictics around the swiftlets’s house. The purposes of this research were to detect the factors that influence swiftlets’s nest production, characteristics of the swiftlets’s houses, and also location and condition of the swiftlets’s nest production in Haurgeulis, Indramayu District, West Java. The general characteristics of swiftlets houses and their surrounding, microclimate inside the swiftlet’s houses (temperature, relative humidity, light intensity and their edible-swiftlet nest production) were observed in this study. There were four swiftlet’s houses (A, B, C and D) observed in this study. The design and construction of those houses affected the microclimate inside the houses, thus affected the population and production of edible-swiftlet nest of Collocalia fuciphaga. The daily temperature inside the swiftlet’s house of A, B, C and D were 26.10-29.73°C, 30.03-31.98oC, 25.35-27.5oC and 27.7-29.25oC, respectively. The daily humidity inside the swiftlet’s house of A, B, C and D were 69.5-85.5%, 59-65%, 77.75-92% and 83.25-93.25%, respectively. The light intensity of all houses was 0 lux. The production of nest and swiftlets population inside the swiftlet’s house of A, B, C and D were 76 nests (190 heads), 136 nests (340 heads), 10 nests (25 heads) and 81 nests (203 heads), respectively. Haurgeulis had 3997 ha of paddy field and 204 ha of garden area (65.71% and 3.35% of total area in Haurgeulis). Haurgeulis is also surrounded by 4.753,55 ha teak plantation (Tectona grandis), located in Gantar, Cikandung, and Tamansari (BKPH Haurgeulis, 2011). The reduction in swiftlet population and swiftlet’s nest production, the presence of nuisance animals in the swiftlet’s house, thieve of the nest, and illegal payments were identified as farmer’s problem in increasing edible-swiftlet nest production.
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Judul: Evaluation of Landscape Management for Swallow Breeding in Siak Sub-district
Abstrak: Pembangunan rumah burung walet di Kecamatan Siak semakin meningkat setiap tahunnya. Bangunan tersebut dibangun di perkotaan dan permukiman masyarakat. Hal tersebut sangat membahayakan bagi masyarakat karena kotoran dari burung walet dapat menimbulkan penyakit, kerusakan properti, dan mempengaruhi estetika kota. Budi daya burung walet ini juga memberikan dampak baik bagi ekonomi masyarakat serta meningkatkan pendapatan anggaran daerah. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melakukan pemetaan rumah burung walet, menganalisis kesesuaian habitat burung walet, menganalisis persepsi masyarakat, dan menyusun rekomendasi pengelolaan lanskap budi daya burung walet. Pemetaan rumah burung walet dilakukan dengan penandaan pada peta. Analisis kesesuaian habitat dilakukan dengan mengoverlay peta tutupan lahan, elevasi, buffer sungai, buffer jalan, dan rencana tata ruang wilayah. Analisis persepsi masyarakat menunjukkan lokasi rumah burung walet tidak sesuai untuk budi daya dan pengelolaan budi daya walet belum maksimal dari pihak pengusaha dan pemerintah Kabupaten Siak. Sehingga penelitian ini menghasilkan peta kesesuaian habitat burung walet dengan luas lokasi yang sesuai yaitu 28,7% dari luas Kecamatan Siak dan rekomendasi pengelolaan lanskap budi daya burung walet yaitu berupa daerah yang sesuai untuk budi daya, pembuatan roving area, membuat industri pengolahan sarang dan limbah burung walet, membuat rumah burung walet berada di dekat habitat alaminya, membuat kebijakan terkait pengelolaan budi daya dan penataan lingkungan di sekitar rumah burung walet, dan pengaturan volume kaset pemanggil burung walet., Construction of swallow bird house in Siak Sub-district is increasing every year. The swallow bird house was built in urban and society settlement. This is very dangerous for the society because the swallow’s droppings can cause disease, property damage, and affect the aesthetics of the city. This swallow breeding also has a good impact on the economy of the society as well as increasing the revenue of the regional budget. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to mapping the swallow bird house, analyzing the suitabilities of the swallow’s habitat, analyzing society perception, and make recommendation management of the landscape breeding of swallow. The methods used are mapping analyze, suitabillity of the swallow’s habitat analyze, society perception analyze, and preparation of recommendations analyze. Mapping of swallow houses made by marking on the map. Habitat suitability analysis carried out by overlaying land cover maps, elevations, river buffers, road buffers, and regional spatial plans. Society perception analyze shows the location of the swallow building is not suitable to build and swallow cultivation its not maximized from the entrepreneur and government siak sub-district. So the study to get a map of swallow habitat suitability with location area is 28,7% of the siak sub-district area and recommendations for management of the landscape breeding of swallow are suitable area for cultivation, making roving areas, making the swallow nest and waste industry, making swallow houses near their natural habitat, making policies related to cultivation managements and environmental arrangemenrs around swallow houses, and regulating the volume of swallow caller tapes.
Keyword: landscape management, Siak sub-district, society perception, swallow

Judul: Invers Drazin dari Matriks Toeplitz Singular
Abstrak: Matriks Toeplitz adalah matriks yang setiap unsur pada diagonal utama bernilai sama dan setiap unsur pada subdiagonal yang bersesuaian dengan diagonal utama juga bernilai sama. Matriks singular adalah matriks yang tidak bisa ditentukan inversnya. Akan tetapi, dapat diupayakan untuk ditentukan inversnya menggunakan invers matriks yang diperumum. Invers Drazin merupakan salah satu jenis invers matriks yang diperumum. Pada karya ilmiah ini ditentukan invers Drazin dari matriks Toeplitz singular dengan menggunakan metode Leverrier Faddeev. Kemudian, ditentukan invers Drazin dari matriks Toeplitz singular yang direpresentasikan sebagai penjumlahan segitiga bawah dan segitiga atas matriks Toeplitz berdasar pada teorema Gohberg dan Semencul., Toeplitz matrix is a matrix in with element on the main diagonal has the same value and on the subdiagonal corresponding to the main diagonal also has the same value. Singular matrix is a matrix that has no inverse. However, it can be attempted to determine the inverse using a generalized inverse matrix. Inverse Drazin is a type of generalized matrix inverse. This paper discussed the inverse Drazin for a singular Toeplitz matrix using the Leverrier Faddeev method. Then, the Drazin inverse of the singular Toeplitz matrix which is represented as a sum of products of lower and upper triangular Toeplitz matrix based on Gohberg and Semencul theorem.
Keyword: inverse Drazine, singular Toeplitz matrix