Judul: Regional Development Plan Based on Beekeeping Activity in Cianjur Regency
Abstrak: Forestry development policy-based natural resources provide benefits to the development of non-timber forest products through social forestry activities, including beekeeping business. Beekeeping businesses have considerable opportunities to be developed in the community. It is because of the demand of honey is increasing for variety of needs. Furthermore, Indonesia also has the potential of natural resources to support the beekeeping development business. One of the potential areas for beekeeping development is Cianjur Regency, where it has been cultivated since 2006. The type of honey bee which cultivated is Apis mellifera, with an average production of 3-4 tons/year. However, the main problem encountered beekeeping activities in this regency is limited bee forage resources. This limitation and migratory behaviour of Apis mellifera are causing herding activity of the bees in certain months must be herded out of Cianjur to increase honey production. As an effort to overcome this problem, Cianjur Regency Government through the Forestry and Plantation Agency has been developing a Participatory Business Plan (PBP) to build a Tourism Bees Park. The basic concept of PBP is implementing an integrated beekeeping, through the development of bee forage resources, honey bee product processing and diversification of honey bee product in one location without herding activity outside Cianjur. Geographic information systems (GIS) have the ability to create a model framework for land suitability evaluation (Elsheikh et al. 2013) and develop habitat suitability models through a multi-criteria evaluation approach and integrate it with expert knowledge (Store and Jokimaki 2003). GIS approach is applied in this research to determine the land suitability for beekeeping. Moreover, through the analysis of land suitability for beekeeping by considering physical, social and financial aspect, this research is expected to provide direction plan for integrated beekeeping development in Cianjur. The objectives of this research are: (1) to analyze the beekeeping land suitability, considering the land suitability for bee forage plants and the habitat suitability for honey bee; (2) to analyze beekeeping financial; (3) to analyze public opinion about beekeeping, and (4) to formulate the development plan based on beekeeping activity. The selection of bee forage plants in this research are based on the time of flowering, pollen or nectar production, deployment, advantages and disadvantages in terms of cultivation. In this study, land suitability classification use the FAO (1976) clasification, which is not suitable order (N) just using 1 class. These consist of 4 classess: very suitable (S1), suitable (S2), marginally suitable (S3), and not suitable (N). The results of land suitability analysis for bee forage resources indicate that the land suitability classes for kapok S3 and N, while rubber and rambutan have suitability classes S1, S2, S3 and N. In addition, land suitability classes for corn consists of S3 and N; kelengkeng S2, S3 and N; Calliandra has suitability classes S and N. Each land unit has a variety of combinations of land suitability classes, which are 2-6 types of suitable bee forage resources per land unit. The percentage of Cianjur Regency area that very suitable to be used as a honey bee habitat is 22.94 % (83,030 ha), 33.44 % (121,034 ha)
Keyword: Apis mellifera, beekeeping

Judul: The Activity of Apis cerana Honey Bee and the Potencial of Food Resources at Surouding Hive Area in Mekarjaya, Pandeglang
Abstrak: Informasi mengenai aktivitas mencari pakan (foraging) dan jenis tanaman sumber pakan penting untuk usaha peningkatan produktivitas lebah madu Apis cerana. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis: (1) pola aktivitas harian lebah A.cerana yang dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan, dan (2) keanekaragaman tanaman sumber polen di sekitar sarang lebah di Desa Mekarjaya, Kabupaten Pandeglang, Banten. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua koloni A. cerana yaitu koloni satu dan koloni dua dengan ukuran koloni yang sama. Perilaku yang diamati yaitu lebah keluar sarang, masuk membawa polen, dan masuk tanpapolen. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan puncak aktivitas foraging koloni satupada pukul 07.40-08.50 WIB sedangkan koloni dua menunjukan aktivitas foraging yang rendah. Koloni dua melakukan absconding yang terjadi pukul 14.35- 16.30.Rendahnya aktivitas foraging pada koloni dua merupakan sinyal bahwa lebah akan melakukan absconding atau bermigrasi meninggalkan sarang. Hasil analisis vegetasi menunjukkan bahwa tanaman di sekitar sarang merupakan tanaman penghasil polen, nektar, atau polen dan nektar, didominasi oleh Cocos nucifera yang berpotensis menghasilkan polen dan nektar. Indeks keanekaragaman spesies tumbuhan menunjukkan bahwa keanekaragaman tanaman di area tersebut dikategorikan stabil. Hasil analisis jumlah spesies menunjukan bahwa jumlahspesies bernilai mendekati satu, sehingga dikategorikan jumlahnya relatif sama dalam berbagai tegakan., The information on honey bee foraging activities and food sources are important to increase the productivity of Apis cerana. This study aimed to analyze: (1) the daily activity pattern of A. cerana bees that is affected by environmental factors and (2) the diversity of pollen source plants around the beehive at Mekarjaya Village, Pandeglang Regency, Banten. This study used two colonies of A. cerana. The observed behaviors were bees leaving the hive, entering carrying pollen, and entering without pollen. This result showed that the peak of foraging activity in colony one occurs at 07.40-08.50. Colony two showed a low foraging activity that is a signal of the absconding bees or bee migrated. The correlation values between environmental factors: temperature, humidity, and light intensity compared to the honey bee activity was range from 0 to 1. The results of the vegetation analysis showed that the plants around the hive were plants that produce pollen, nectar, or pollen and nectar and the dominant was Cocos nucifera. The plant species diversity index showed that the diversity of plants in the area was categorized as stable. The results of species number analysis were close to one, thus the numbers were categorized as relatively the same in the various stands.
Keyword: Apis cerana, absconding, foraging, nectar source, pollen

Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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