Judul: Evaluasi Keefektifan Penghambatan Beberapa Agens Biokontrol terhadap Pertumbuhan Marasmius palmivorus Sharples
Abstrak: Marasmius palmivorus Sharples is a cause of bunch rot disease on oil palm trees. A study has been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of some biocontrol agents in inhibiting the growth of M. palmivorus. Antagonistict test between M. palmivorus and biocontrol agents was conducted by using dual culture method (Trichoderma harzianum (TH17), Gliocladium fimbriatum (G84), Bacillus subtilis (B12), Pseudomonas fluorescens (P1), actinomycetes APS5 and APS12) and poisoning test (using metabolit extract of APS5 and APS12) in potato dextrose agar. Variable measured for dual culture method and poisoning test was percentage of inhibition. The result showed actinomycetes (APS5 and APS12) metabolit could 100% inhibit the growth of M. palmivorus at 1 even up to 6 days after incubation periods. Meanwhile, by dual culture method, APS12 and APS5 isolates could not inhibit the growth of pathogenic colonies. Antagonistic fungus TH17 and G84 have effectively inhibited 100% M. palmivorus growth at 4 days after incubation. The inhibition ability of TH17 and G84 significantly higher than B12 isolate. B12 isolate was only able to inhibit 36.88% growth of pathogens at 6 days after incubation. P1 isolate was not able to inhibit M. palmivorus growth until 6 days after incubation (inhibition percentage -33.01%).
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Judul: Peran bakteri kitinolitik dan fungi mikoriza arbuskular dalam pengendalian busuk pangkal batang kelapa sawit
Abstrak: Basal stem rot (BSR) is the most serious disease of palm oil that caused by Ganoderma boninense Pat. The objectives of these researches were to find chitinase-producing bacterial which inhibit G.boninense growth and to determine the relationship between mycorrhizal and chitinolytic bacterial in controlling the BSR. The experimenthals were conducted in laboratory, secreen house dan fields. The research activities were: (i) exploration of chitinolytic bacterial as antagonistic agents of pathogens (ii) evaluate the pathogenicity, index chitinolitic of the chitinolytic bacterial and their antagonism effect against G. boninense, (iii) study on the application of chitinolytic bacterial and AMF in controlling the oil palm BSR through split plot experimenthal design. There were seven isolate B13, B14, B16, B42, Al11, TB41 and L34 have been selected as the best chitinolase-producing bacterial and they were not pathogenic to plants. The study showed that selected bacterial have differences on chitinolytic index. All of them suppressed the growth of G. boninense above 95% in vitro antagonism test using dual culture method on liquid media. However the antagonism test on PDA only isolate of AL11, TB41 and L34 had higher antagonism capacity against the pathogen. The severity of basal stem rot that expressed by the root necrotics were reducted since the oil palm seedling showed high degrees of mycorrhizal root colonization. The application of combination of chitinolytic bacterial and AMF suppressed the disease severity (95%) higher compare to the single one (55% - 7
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Judul: Orbit elektron dan probabilitas level energi sistem chaotic atom hidrogen
Abstrak: a. Mendapatkan orbit elektron sistem chaotic atom hidrogen (dalam koordinat semiparabolik). b. Mendapatkan probabilitas dua level energi yang berdekatan dari sistem chaotic atom hidrogen.
Keyword: Atom, Orbit Elektron