Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4

Judul: Pembuatan Film Tipis Cu2ZnSnS4 sebagai Lapisan Penyerap Cahaya pada Sel Surya Menggunakan Metode Elektrodeposisi
Abstrak: Thin film of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is an alternative semiconductor used as light absorber layer on solar cell. CZTS can replace silicon that commonly used as commercial semiconductor. The advantage of using CZTS as absorber layer is due to the abundance of its chemical composer on earth, and its high value of absorption coefficient. The absorber layer was made by using electrodeposition method on ITO glass substrates. The films were deposited at room temperature using potentiostatic mode with a potential of –1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes. After that, the films were annealed at two different temperatures, 180 ºC and 500 °C, for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. Based on X-ray diffraction analysis, the polycrystalline thin film obtained fall into kesterite crystal phase. This type of crystal was obtained when the CZTS was annealed at 500 °C in H2S/N2 atmosphere. The value of optical band gap energy for the CZTS thin film was 2.2 eV with the film thickness about 1.228–6.366 μm. The sample of CZTS with electrodeposition time of 45 minutes and annealing temperature of 500 °C showed the best result and in conformity with absorber layers criteria for solar cells.
Keyword: semiconductor, ITO glass, CZTS thin film, electrodeposition

Judul: Morfometrik Hasil Persilangan Interse Ayam Merawangarab dan Arabmerawang Generasi Kedua Umur 2 Sampai 12 Minggu
Abstrak: Ayam merawang dan ayam arab merupakan jenis ayam lokal Indonesia. Ayam merawang memiliki kelebihan tipe dwiguna. Kelebihan ayam arab yaitu produksi telur yang tinggi. Persilangan kedua ayam diharapkan menghasilkan keturunan yang memiliki kualitas genetik yang lebih baik. Peubah yang diamati dari hasil persilangan interse ayam merawangarab (MA) dan arabmerawang (AM) generasi kedua yaitu panjang shank, lingkar shank, panjang femur, panjang tibia, lingkar dada, panjang dada, dalam dada, lebar dada, panjang punggung, panjang sayap, dan rentang sayap. Rataan panjang shank ayam jantan AM 76.82±9.16 mm dan MA 88.01±9.76 mm berbeda nyata pada minggu ke-12. Panjang tulang femur dan tibia tidak berbeda nyata dari umur 2-12 minggu. Lingkar dada betina berbeda nyata pada minggu ke-6 yaitu ayam AM 15.18±1.56 cm dan MA 16.46±1.14 cm. Panjang dan dalam dada tidak berbeda nyata dari umur 2-12 minggu, sedangkan pada lebar dada berbeda pada minggu ke-6, yaitu ayam MA 36.13±3.96 mm dan M-AM 30.84±2.61 mm. Panjang punggung ayam jantan AM 13.19±1.08 cm dan M-AM 15.06±1.82 cm umur 12 minggu berbeda nyata. Rataan panjang dan rentang sayap umur 2-12 minggu tidak berbeda nyata. Panjang dan rentanag sayap jantan dan betina berkorelasi sangat baik yaitu (r=0.99). Laju pertumbuhan peubah lingkar dada, dalam dada, dan panjang dada masih berpotensi untuk mengalami peningkatan setelah umur 12 minggu. Ayam yang berpotensi sebagai pedaging yaitu pada jantan M-MA dan betina M-AM dan yang berpotensi sebagai petelur yaitu ayam M-MA.
Keyword: ayam arab, persilangan, ayam merawang, morfometrik