Judul: Aplikasi penggunaan tepung jewawut (Pennisetum glaucum) dan serum (whey) tahu dalam memberikan nilai tambah terhadap produk snack bar
Abstrak: Snack merupakan makanan ringan, makanan yang dimakan di antara waktu makan regular, dan makanan untuk cemilan. Dewasa ini, konsumsi snack semakin luas mengikuti perkembangan gaya hidup masyarakat yang semakin dinamis dan membutuhkan makanan yang dapat disantap dengan cepat, praktis, dan mendukung mobilitas yang tinggi. Salah satu makanan ringan yang mendukung dan gemar dikonsumsi saat ini serta sedang menjadi trend adalah snack bar. Seiring dengan meningkatnya pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk, perkembangan zaman, peningkatan pendapatan, kesadaran masyarakat akan kesehatan, dan pentingnya nilai gizi dalam makanan yang dikonsumsi menyebabkan semakin tingginya kebutuhan akan makanan termasuk snack yang bermutu tinggi. Keadaan ini memunculkan berkembangnya penggunaan serealia sebagai bahan baku pembuatan snack. Salah satu contoh serealia yang dapat dimanfaatkan tetapi kurang mendapat perhatian adalah jewawut (Pennisetum glaucum). Jewawut berpotensi menghasilkan produk pangan baru dengan flavor yang unik. Ingredient lain yang juga dipakai untuk memberikan nilai tambah pada snack bar adalah serum (whey) tahu. Whey tahu merupakan cairan hasil koagulasi protein yang diperoleh dari proses pembuatan tahu. Serum tahu hasil penggumpalan dengan batu tahu (garam kalsium sulfat) umumnya tidak dimanfaatkan dan dibuang ke perairan umum sehingga dapat mencemari lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh formulasi dan desain proses pembutan snack bar dengan berbahan dasar jewawut dan whey tahu dengan sifat sensori yang dapat diterima. Penelitian ini terbagi menjadi beberapa tahap penelitian, yaitu pembuatan tepung jewawut, pembuatan whey tahu, karakterisasi bahan baku, formulasi snack bar, pembutan formula snack bar, penilaian sifat sensori, analisis kimia produk, penentuan formula snack bar terpilih, analisis fisik dan mineral produk snack bar terpilih…
Keyword: Pearl millet, Whey tahu, Snack bar, Bogor Agricultural University, Institut Pertanian Bogor, IPB

Judul: Pemanfaatan tepung jewawut (Pennisetum glaucum) dan tepung ampas tahu dalam formulasi snack bar
Abstrak: Snack is food which is consumed between main meals. That is why the demand for snack foods is increasing. Many of these snack found nowadays in Indonesia are lacking of bioactive components such as antioxidant and dietary fiber. One of famous snack types nowadays is snack bar. Not so many commercial snack bars are found in Indonesia. Most of them are imported product and expensive in price. In this research, snack bar made of local ingredients which contained bioactive compounds and dietary fiber was trying to be made. The local ingredients were from millet flour and okara flour. Millet is one type of cereals. Its common name is Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum). Okara flour is one of the wastes from tofu production. Millet is the source of antioxidant and okara flour is source of fiber. Both of these ingredient are not used by people to be food raw materials. The other ingredients in this research were hunkue flour, sugar, skim milk, nutmeg fruit, and water. The aim of this research was to get the best formulation of snack bar based on organoleptic, antioxidant, and fiber analysis. The variables that were differentiated among formulas were ratio of millet and okara flour (1:1, 1:2, and 2:1) and fat source. Fat sources of these bars were palm oil and avocado. Six formulas were obtained from these two variables. Based on hedonic rating test, formula with palm oil obtained the highest score and the difference between flour ratios was not significant. The higher the percentage of additional flour okara, the level of total dietary fiber in product would be higher. Formula 1:2 using avocado had the highest fiber content (17,21%). However, formula 2:1 using palm oil had the highest antioxidant capacity (4,98 mg vitamin C equivalent per 100 gram product). The antioxidant activity was higher if the proportion of millet flour were higher in product. Based on the results, formula with the ratio of millet and okara flour= 1:2 was the best formula. The antioxidant capacity of that formula was 3,76 mg vitamin C equivalent per 100 gram product and the total fiber was 13,13%. This product contained water (12,5%), ash (1,7%), protein (12,65%), fat (22,8%), carbohydrate (62,86%), iron (64 ppm), zinc (16 ppm), and calcium (2308 ppm). The color of formula M1:2 were L= 61,12, a= +5,89, b= +2,86, and 0Hue= 77,23. The hardness level of the chosen snack bar millet-okara formula was 852 gram force.
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Judul: Dynamical System of Hepatitis B in Three Groups with Vaccination
Abstrak: The aim of this study is to modify the hepatitis B transmission model in three age groups involving vaccination from the model conducted by Zhoe and Zhang.The method used is to analyze the stability of the fixed point and its basic reproduction number (R_0). Performed stability analysis and numerical simulation to see population dynamics. Next, a sensitivity analysis of the parameters was carried out to see its effect on R_0. From the analysis obtained two fixed points, namely non-endemic and endemic fixed points. Non-endemic fixed points are locally asymptotically stable if R_0 <1 Meanwhile, the endemic fixed point is locally asymptotically stable if R_0 > 1. Hepatitis vaccination affects the number of susceptible population, because the more successful the vaccination, the smaller the number of susceptible populations so that the smaller the population will be infected.
Keyword: Dynamic, Hepatitis B, Vaccine, Mathematical model