Judul: Estimation of Waste Generated by Activities of Small Fishing Vessels at the Palabuhanratu Fishing Port
Abstrak: Saat ini, secara umum kondisi pelabuhan perikanan di Indonesia tercemar oleh beberapa bahan seperti; ammonia, sampah organik dan anorganik serta minyak. Bahan pencemar tersebut membuat keadaan pelabuhan menjadi kotor, terutama pada sanitasi dan higienitas yang berpengaruh terhadap penurunan kualitas ikan. Salah satu aktivitas yang berpotensi menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan pelabuhan adalah aktivitas kapal perikanan. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis dan komposisi limbah, potensi pemanfaatan limbah, dan perumusan strategi pengelolaan limbah dari kapal. Kajian dilakukan pada kapal pancing ulur, pancing rawai, dan payang di PPN Palabuhanratu. Pendataan dilakukan dengan cara wawancara dan observasi pada seluruh aktivitas kapal. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa komposisi limbah yang dihasilkan kapal sampel didominasi oleh limbah jenis organik tulang ikan, PA(Polyamide), dan kayu secara berurutan menjadi penyumbang terbesar. Ketiga jenis limbah tersebut mempunyai potensi pemanfaatan yang tinggi namun berbanding terbalik dengan kondisi lapangan yang belum ada upaya untuk memanfaatkan. Pengelolaan limbah dari kapal bisa dimulai dengan mengoptimalkan fasilitas, petugas, dan peraturan yang ada dengan penguatan pada pemberlakuan sanksi dan pemantauan., Currently, the condition of fishing ports in Indonesia is polluted by several materials such as; ammonia, organic and inorganic waste, and oil. These pollutants make the condition of the port dirty, especially in sanitation and hygiene which affects the decline in fish quality. One of the activities that have the potential to cause pollution of the port environment is the activity of fishing vessels. Therefore, this study aims to identify the type and composition of waste, potential utilization of waste, and formulating strategies for managing waste from ships. The study was conducted on handline, longline, and payang vessels at PPN Palabuhanratu. Data collection is done by interviewing and observing all ship activities. The results of the study found that the composition of the waste produced by the sample ship was dominated by organic waste, with fish bones, PA (Polyamide), and wood being the largest contributors respectively. The three types of waste have high utilization potential, but compared to field conditions, there is no attempt to get there. Waste management from ships begins with optimizing facilities, officers, and regulations by strengthening the enforcement of sanctions and monitoring.
Keyword: environmental pollution, ship waste, limbah kapal, pencemaran lingkungan, PPN Palabuhanratu

Judul: Pengelolaan Lingkungan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Studi Kasus di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Palabuhanratu
Abstrak: Increasing amount of production and number of fishing vessel into the fishing port positively correlation with increased potential of waste generated, arising from land based activities and marine activities. Land activities activities include originating from the office, manufacturing and/or repair of boats and nets, stalls and shops as well as industrial activities and so on. Several objectives of this study are 1) Get an overview of the implementation of environmental management mechanism in PPN Palabuhanratu both technically, and social institutions; 2) Knowing the status of water quality in the PPN Palabuhanratu; 3) Formulating waste management strategies in PPN Palabuhanratu. To obtain this goal is the method used purposive sampling method through direct field observation, in-depth interviews with actors port activities, related literature, documentation and analysis of data used is the SWOT. Observations on environmental management facilities in accordance with the PPN Palabuhanratu not necessary as presented in the existing legislation. PPN Palabuhanratu, do not have adequate waste management facilities such as a waste water treatment plant (IPAL) and reception facilities. Existing of waste management facilities in PPN Palabuhanratu are trash bins, container of used oil, temporary trash container and trash hauler unit. Wastes generated from 1) Activities office which includes domestic waste as well as organic and inorganic, hazardous and toxic waste (B3) generated from office activity that uses a number of office equipment such as paper, printer and lighting facilities; 2) Activities added which includes washing vessel anchoring, hatch, Bilge water discharge vessel and packaging waste and leftover supplies that are not used; 3) fish landings and sales activities of the catch which includes waste water ice is used as a pickling fish, cleaning fish and fish waste itself coming into port through the drainage pond, 4) supplies replenishment activities which include waste from spills of oil and / or oil, leftover bait fish fillet results in the form of fish heads and bones ± 50% of the number of fish used for bait are generally discharged directly into in the port basin; 5) Activity repair /ship building (docking) and repair nets which includes domestic waste from workshop workers, waste used oil, scrap metal, rags and scrap material; 6) Activity Store (shop) which includes a waste leftovers , packaging waste and waste drainage from washing / kitchen activities; 7) industrial activities that include domestic waste from activities worker accommodation, ice from fish waste, building waste drainage and leaching residual waste packaging materials. These wastes have an impact on water quality and sediment in the port basin with implications for community water biota (plankton and benthos). Based on the analysis carried out (sample observations at several stations) there are some physical and chemical parameters that do not meet environmental standards, which include brightness, solid waste, odor, presence of oil sheens as well as high levels of ammonia. Determination of status of water quality used method “Indeks Pencemaran (IP)” and STORET water quality at ST.1, who was on the scene ST.3 port basin II and ST. 4 outside the port basin infered the light weight contaminated category. Meanwhile ST.5 ST.6 and ST.7 located
Keyword: environmental management, fishing port, waste management

Judul: Invers dari Matriks Tridiagonal Jacobi
Abstrak: Suatu matriks berukuran n×n dinamakan matriks tridiagonal jika untuk . Karya ilmiah ini memberikan algoritma yang mudah untuk menemukan invers ( dari matriks tridiagonal Jacobi yang simetrik dan nonsimetrik. Setiap elemen pada matriks tridiagonal ini adalah bilangan real. Terdapat 3 lema dan 2 teorema untuk menentukan . Lema pertama menunjukkan persamaan utama dalam membuktikan lema-lema dan teorema-teorema selanjutnya. Invers dari matriks yang simetrik dibuktikan oleh lema kedua yang menunjukkan elemen-elemen baris ke- dari . Selanjutnya, lema kedua dilengkapi dengan teorema pertama yang menunjukkan elemen-elemen dengan . Invers dari matriks yang nonsimetrik dibuktikan oleh lema ketiga yang menunjukkan elemen-elemen dengan dan elemen-elemen dengan dibuktikankan oleh teorema kedua.
Keyword: symmetric, nonsymmetric, matrix