Judul: Manajemen Produksi Kertas di PT. Pindo Deli Pulp dan Paper Mills, Karawang, Jawa Barat (Aplikasi Model Goal Programming),
Abstrak: Kertas merupakan produk yang sangat penting di antara kebutuhan fisik lainnya. Di samping sandang dan pangan, kertas sudah menjadi kebutuhan pokok sehari-hari mulai dari buku, kertas tulis, majalah, koran, uang kertas, kertas tissue, sampai kertas komputer. Namun belakangan ini harga kebutuhan kertas tersebut mengalami peningkatan akibat dari biaya produksinya yang semakin tinggi, yang merupakan dampak dari adanya penurunan kurs dollar terhadap rupiah.
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Judul: Paper Production Cost Analysis Brief Card and Woodfree (Case Study at PT. Pindo Deli Pulp and Paper Karawang, West Java), Analisis Biaya Produksi Kertas Brief Card dan Woodfree: Studi Kasus di PT. Pindo Deli Pulp and Paper Karawang, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Kebutuhan dan tingkat konsumsi masyarakat akan penggunaan kertas setiap tahunnya semakin meningkat. Pertumbuhan industri pulp dan kertas dunia pada tahun 2011 mencapai 2,1%, sementara industri pulp dan kertas nasional mencapai 4,1%. Kebutuhan pulp dan kertas dunia pada tahun 2011 mencapai 340 juta ton dan diperkirakan akan naik menjadi 490 juta ton, sedangkan kebutuhan pulp dan kertas dalam negeri adalah 7,8 juta ton (Asosiasi Pulp dan Kertas Indonesia (APKI) dalam Medan Bisnis, 19 Juli 2012). Ketersediaan bahan baku kayu merupakan faktor utama dalam perkembangan industri pulp dan kertas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui biaya produksi, menentukan efisiensi produksi dengan pendekatan Break Even Point (BEP), menghitung nilai Return on Infestment (ROI) dan menghitung harga pokok dua jenis kertas di PT. Pindo Deli Pulp and Paper pada Paper Machine 12 yaitu kertas Brief Card dan Woodfree.
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Judul: DNA Extraction and Characterization of Salmonella‟s Lytic Bacteriophage Genome
Abstrak: Bacteriophages are ubiquitous in nature and are known to proliferate wherever their bacterial hosts exist. Their virion particles can exist independently outside the host, however all phages are need their host to propagate. Several phages are highly specific to host cell surface receptors and any slight changes in structure results in little or no interaction between the phage and its host. Salmonella‟s phage isolated from sewage water where their bacteria exist. Three isolated of phages (phages 15, 19 and 38) were used in this research that concentrated using three types of methods. PEG/ NaCl method was firstly used to concentrate the phages based on their molecular weight to precipitate the phage particles during centrifugation. The second method was Scraping Plaque method. In this method, overlay plaques were scraped and collected in SM buffer to get phage concentrates. Enrichment method was the last method used to concentrate the phages. Phage genome isolation was done using two methods i.e. EDTA/SDS and Proteinase K methods. The first method was done using DNase I to eliminate bacterial DNA followed by SDS/EDTA treatment to release phages DNA and phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol to extract the DNA. DNA was collected by isopropanol extraction. While in Proteinase K method, bacterial DNA was eliminated by DNase I and Proteinase K/SDS was used to degrade phages capsids and ethanol for DNA precipitation. The result showed that PEG/NaCl method resulted the highest phage concentration for phage 15 and phage 19, while scrapping method was the highest for phage 38. The quantity and purity of extracted DNA were low for PEG/NaCl and Scraping methods, while Enrichment method was higher indicated higher purity. Run on agarose gel electrophoresis of extracted DNA confirmed that Enrichment method results were the best while scraping and PEG/NaCl method was appeared smear background. Based on DNA genome size determination, the bacteriphages of Salmonella sp were comparable with other study of Salmonella phages. Phage P15 with genome size of 39,5 kb was close to phage epsilon15. Phage P19 with genome size of 41 kb was close to phage ST160. And phage P38 with genome size of 48,5 kb was close to phage Gifsy-1.
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