Judul: Evaluasi tepung biji kapuk Ceiba Petandra Gaertn yang difermentasi cairan rumen domba sebagai pengganti bungkil kedelai dalam pakan ikan bawal Collosoma Macropomum
Abstrak: This study aimed to evaluate performance of kapok seed meal (KSM) which has been fermented with sheep rumen liquor as a feed of red belly fish. Treatments consisted of 0% KSM, 10% KSM, 20% KSM, 30% KSM, and 40% KSM. Protein content and amount of energy in each treatment targeted by 33±0,34% and 3800±240 kcal/kg feed. A total of 20 red belly fish (7,84 ± 0,18 gram) was reared for 40 days in 200 L tank, which has been equiped with aeration and recirculation sytem and heater (28 - 30°C). Fish feeding was conducted three times at 08.00, 12:00, and 16:00 (at satiation). The experimental design was a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and triplicate. The results showed that, the amount of feed intake, feed efficiency, protein retention, daily growth rate and survival in KSM 30% not significantly different from controls (P> 0,05). However, the daily growth rate and fat retention in KSM 40% was declining if compared with controls (P<0,05). Conclusion is kapok seed meal as much as 30% can be used as a replacement of soy bean meal in red belly feed,
Keyword: sheep rumen liquor, fermentation, kapook seed meal, Collosoma macropomum, Ceiba petandra Gaertn

Judul: Evaluasi biji kapuk (Ceiba petandra Gaertn) berdasar kecernaan, enzimatik, gambaran darah, histologi dan kinerja pertumbuhan sebagai alternatif bahan baku pakan ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio L)
Abstrak: This research was conducted to evaluate kapook seed (Ceiba petandra Gaertn) as plant feedstuff on digestibility, enzymatic activity, blood parameter, histology and growth performance of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L. This experiment was conducted at three stages. The first stage of the research was done to known the digestibility of kapook seed meal in vitro. Kapook seed meal (KSM) at the levels of 0%, 7%, 28%, 50%, 72%, 93% and 100% was used as substrates, and pure enzymes of protease 34.5 IU, lipase 10 IU, and amylase 14.4 IU were used as hydrolyzer. The substrate was incubated for one hour at the temperature of 37 oC. The results of in vitro experiment showed that the digestibilty rate of protein, lipid and carbohydrate was reach to a maximum level at the KSM concentration of 50%, and the digestibility rate of protein, lipid and carbohydrate was reduced to the level of 37.57%, 46.15%, and 65.78% when KSM concentration was increased from 50 to 100%. It is concluded that the maximum concentration of KSM without any reduction effect on digestibility rate was 50%. The second experiment was conducted to evaluate the digestibility and enzyme activity of common carp fed diet containing different levels of kapook seed meal, either 0% , 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% KSM, respectively. For indirect digestibilty measurement, 0.5% of Cr2O3 was used as a tracer. The results showed that the digestibility of total, energy, protein, lipid and carbohydrate decreased along with the increasing of KSM levels in the diets. The activity of amylase was higher compared to protease and lipase activities in all KSM levels in the diets, but its rate was reduced along with the increasing of KSM levels in the diet. The third experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different level of kapook seed on histology, blood parameters, accumulation anti nutritional factors in liver and kidney, and growth performance of common carp. All the methods of this experiment were the same as those on the second experiment. The result showed that the increasing of KSM levels in the diets increased the concentration of gossypol (FG) and cyclopropenic acid (ALS) in blood and organs increased as the KSM levels in the diet were increased. The desaturation of unsaturated fatty acid was found in all fish fed KSM diets. All growth performance indicators such as feed consumption, feed convertion ratio, protein and lipid retention, survival rates, and daily growth rate were decreased as a consequence of the inclusion of KSM in the diets. It is concluded that KSM contained 0.32% of FG and 1.57% of ALS can not be used as raw materials for stomachless fish like common carp.
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Judul: Cycle Hamilton pada Graf Lengkap, Graf Regular, dan Graf 2-Connected 4-Regular Berorder Kurang dari Sepuluh.
Abstrak: Suatu graf disebut graf Hamilton apabila graf tersebut memuat cycle Hamilton, yaitu cycle yang melewati setiap vertex tepat satu kali. Menentukan keberadaan cycle Hamilton pada suatu graf dapat menggunakan syarat cukup yang berupa teorema-teorema yang telah diperkenalkan sejak tahun 1950-an. Beberapa syarat cukup yang dibahas dalam karya ilmiah ini adalah syarat cukup yang berhubungan dengan graf lengkap dan graf regular. ,,,
Keyword: graf Hamilton, graf regular, graf lengkap, graf 2-connected 4-regular.