Judul: Gastrointestinal Nematode and Coccidia Infection of Sheep at Sugih Mukti Sheep Farm Group, Neglasari Village, Dramaga, Sub District, Bogor Regency. Supervised
Abstrak: Small ruminant farming is important for Indonesian agricultural productivity. Gastrointestinal parasites harm sheep production systems by causing weight loss decreasing in reproductive performance and death. The distribution of gastrointestinal parasite on sheep worldwide and found in all regions of Indonesia. The purpose of this research was to identify and measure the prevalence and intensity of gastrointestinal nematode and coccidian infection on sheep at Sugih Mukti Sheep Farm Group, Neglasari Village, Dramaga, Sub District, Bogor Regency. Fecal samples were collected from 43 sheep from Sugih Mukti Sheep Farm Group. Samples were examined for gastrointestinal parasites using the flotation method, modified McMaster method, and continued by making fecal culture to obtain and identify infective larvae of strongyle. The results of the study showed that the prevalence of strongyle and coccidia infection of sheep on the Sugih Mukti farm was 60.5% and 100% respectively. Prevalence of strongyle infection occurs in 1/8 males (12.5%) and in 25/35 females (71.4%). Prevalence of strongyle occurs in 7/22 young (31.8%) and in 19/21 females (90.4%). Prevalence of coccidia is in all 43 samples for both gender and age. The prevalence of strongyle based on both gender and age were showing the significant difference (P≤0.05) for each category respectively. The average intensity of infection for strongyle in gender and age showed a significant difference (P≤0.05). The average intensity of infection for coccidia in age showed a significant difference (P≤0.05), but showed no significant difference in gender (P≥0.05).
Keyword: Coccidia, Domba, Nematoda, Parasit gastrointestinal, Strongyle

Judul: Gastrointestinal Helminth Infections in Small Ruminants at PT Jonggol Mitra Amanah, Bogor
Abstrak: Ternak ruminansia kecil seperti kambing dan domba merupakan usaha budidaya ternak yang umum digemari masyarakat Indonesia. Salah satu faktor penting yang perlu diperhatikan dalam memelihara ternak kambing dan domba adalah faktor kesehatan, di antaranya infeksi cacing saluran pencernaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi jenis dan mengukur derajat infeksi cacing saluran pencernaan pada kambing dan domba di PT Jonggol Mitra Amanah, Kabupaten Bogor. Pemeriksaan sampel tinja menggunakan metode kualitatif yaitu pengapungan sederhana dan modifikasi filtrasi sedimentasi, serta metode kuantitatif yaitu McMaster. Pemupukan tinja dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis larva infektif strongylid dan Strongyloides. Jenis cacing saluran pencernaan yang ditemukan pada kambing dan domba di PT Jonggol Mitra Amanah adalah Strongyloides sp., Haemonchus sp., Trichostrongylus sp., Oesophagostomum sp. Selain jenis tersebut, pada kambing ditemukan juga Moniezia sp. Tingginya derajat infeksi dan tingkat prevalensi cacing disebabkan oleh sistem pemeliharaan semiintensif, lingkungan peternakan yang sesuai untuk perkembangan cacing, serta pengulangan pemberian obat anthelmintik yang belum efisien., Small ruminant such as goats and sheep are commonly herbivore livestocks kept by farmer in Indonesia. An important factor to be considered in maintaining goats and sheep is their health, including gastrointestinal helminth infections. This study aims to identify the types and measure the degree of gastrointestinal helminth infections in goats and sheep at PT Jonggol Mitra Amanah, Bogor. Fecal samples were analyzed using a combination of qualitative techniques, specifically simple flotation and modified sedimentation filtration. Additionally, a quantitative method called McMaster was also used in the analysis. Fecal culture was performed to obtain infective strongylid and Strongyloides larvae for further identification. The gastrointestinal helminths found in goats and sheep at PT Jonggol Mitra Amanah were Strongyloides sp., Haemonchus sp., Trichostrongylus sp., and Oesophagostomum sp. In addition, Moniezia sp. was also found in goats. The heavy infection degree and high prevalence of helminthiasis were caused by semiintensive farming system, suitable environment for worms, and inefficient repetition of anthelmintic administration.
Keyword: cacing saluran pencernaan, derajat infeksi, ruminansia kecil

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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