Judul: Percentage of Carcass, Non Carcass, and Cooking Losses of Male and Female of Ayam Kampung Asli (AKA)
Abstrak: Ayam kampug asli (AKA) merupakan salah satu galur ayam asli Indonesia penghasil daging hasil seleki dan breeding dari beberapa rumpun ayam lokal yang dilakukan oleh PT Sumber Unggas Indonesia, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji persentase karkas dan non karkas serta susut masak daging AKA jantan dan betina. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah karkas AKA jantan dan AKA betina masing-masing 10 ekor. Peubah pada penelitian yaitu bobot potong, bobot karkas, persentase karkas, bobot non karkas, dan susut masak. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji t (t-Test). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis kelamin berpengaruh nyata (P<0.05) terhadap bobot potong, bobot karkas, persentase karkas, dan bobot non karkas, AKA jantan menunjukkan persentase bobot potong dan karkas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan AKA betina. Nilai susut masak daging AKA betina dan AKA jantan tidak berbeda nyata. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu jenis kelamin berpengaruh nyata pada bobot potong, bobot karkas, persentase karkas, dan bobot non karkas AKA dan tidak berpengaruh nyata pada susut masak daging AKA., Ayam Kampung Asli (AKA) is one of Indonesian native chicken lines utilized as meat type chicken. The chicken was bred from several Indonesian local chicken breeds by PT Sumber Unggas Indonesia, West Java, Indonesia. This study aimed to assess the percentage of chicken carcass and non-carcass as well as cooking loss of AKA male and female. The material used in this study were 10 males and 10 females of AKA. The variables observed in the study were slaughter weight, carcass weight, carcass percentage, non-carcass weight, and cooking loss. Data were analyzed using t-test (t-Test). The results showed that sex had a significant effect (P<0.05) on slaughter weight, carcass weight, carcass percentage, and non-carcass weight. The AKA males produced a higher percentage of slaughter weight and carcass weight compared to female. The cooking loss of AKA female was higher than of AKA male. This study concluded that cooking loss of male and female AKA was not significantly different. Sex had a significant effect on slaughter weight, carcass weight, carcass percentage, and non-carcass weight of AKA and had no significant effect on cooking loss.
Keyword: Ayam Kampung Asli, bobot karkas, non karkas, susut masak, tipe pedaging

Judul: Comparison of Carcass Weight, Breast and Leg (Drumstick and Thigh) and Meat-Bone Ratio of Male and Female of Ayam Kampung Asli (AKA).
Abstrak: Ayam kampung asli (AKA) adalah ayam kampung komersial hasil bentukan dari beberapa rumpun ayam lokal Indonesia oleh PT Sumber Unggas Indonesia sebagai ayam lokal tipe pedaging di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bobot dan potongan karkas serta rasio daging-tulang pada AKA jantan dan betina. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini sebanyak 10 ekor AKA masing-masing untuk jantan dan betina yang didapatkan dari PT Sumber Unggas Indonesia, yang berlokasi di Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat. Peubah yang diamati pada penelitian ini adalah bobot potong, bobot dan persentase karkas, bobot dan persentase potongan dada dan paha, serta rasio daging-tulang. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji T. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bobot karkas dan potongan dada-paha AKA jantan secara nyata (P<0,05) lebih berat (955,70±31,48) dibandingkan dengan betina (755,00±27,60). Rasio daging-tulang pada AKA jantan dan betina tidak berbeda nyata (jantan 2,74±0,25 dan betina 2,50±0,13). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa bobot potong pada umur yang sama, AKA jantan lebih berat dibandingkan betina., Ayam Kampung Asli (AKA) is a slightly improved breed of Indonesian native chickens selected for meat type chicken. The AKA has been breed by PT Sumber Unggas Indonesia. This study assessed carcass, breast and leg weight and meat-bone ratio of AKA male and female. There were 10 males and 10 females of AKA obtained from PT. Sumber Unggas Indonesia, located in Bogor, West Java. The variables observed in this study were slaughter weight, carcass weight and percentage, weight and percentage of breast and leg and meat-bone ratio. The study showed that the carcass weight and breast-leg pieces of male AKA (955,70±31,48 g/bird) was significantly (P<0,05) greater than female AKA (755,00±27,60 g/bird). The meat-bone ratio of AKA male (2.74±0.25) did not significantly (P>0.05) differ from female (2.50±0.13). It can be concluded that slaughter weight at the same age of AKA male was higher than of AKA female.
Keyword: Ayam Kampung Asli, Breast, Meat type, Leg, Carcass

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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