Judul: Konsumsi,  kecernaan dan performa tikus putih (Ratus norvegicus) yang diberi ransum disuplementasikan biomineral cairan rumen
Abstrak: Cairan rumen merupakan limbah utama unit usaha rumah potong ternak ruminansia yang sering menjadi masalah dan menimbulkan polusi bagi lingkungan. Pengolahan limbah cairan rumen dapat menuunkan dampak negatifnya terhadap lingkungan serta meningkatkan efisiensi dan nilai guna ternak. Cairan rumen sangat kaya akan berbagai macam zat makanan sehingga seringkali diolah dan dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber pakan bagi tenak. Dalam penelitian ini cairan rumen diolah dan dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber biomineral untuk kemudian dicobakan suplementasinya dan dibandingkan dengan suplemen mineral anorganik komersil terhadap konsumsi, kecernaan dan performa tikus.
Keyword: rumen liquor, anorganic mineral supplement, feed consumption, dry matter consumptions, dry matter and organic matter digestibilities, average daily gain (ADG), ration efficiency, Analysis of Variance

Judul: Evaluasi Bubuk Ketumbar, Lada Putih dan Kayu Manis Serta Pemanfaatannya Sebagai Pakan Fungsional Ruminansia
Abstrak: Pakan Fungsional merupakan pakan yang berfungsi untuk meningkatkan performa, produktivitas maupun kesehatan ternak. Penggunaan bahan alami sebagai tambahan pakan diharapkan berguna bagi performa dan kesehatan ternak, seiring dengan perkembangan zaman hal ini juga harus memenuhi tuntutan konsumen dalam kebutuhan produk ternak yang tidak mengandung kimia sintetik namun mampu menjaga kestabilan produk. In vitro digunakan sebagai metode yang digunakan untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan dari rempah-rempah yang digunakan sebagai pakan fungsional. Media inkubasi yang digunakan adalah cairan rumen dan larutan Mc Dougall yang ditempatkan dalam botol dan diinkubasi dalam water bath bersuhu 39-41oC selama 72 jam. Cairan rumen diambil dari sapi peranakan Friesian Holstein berfistula di Kandang Sapi Perah Institut Pertanian Bogor. Penelitian ini akan mengevaluasi rumen in vitro yang diberi perlakuan penambahan bubuk ketumbar (T2), lada putih (T3), dan kayu manis (T4) ke dalam pakan kontrol (T1) yang bertujuan mengevaluasi rumen in vitro pada fermentasi, daya cerna dan produksi gas. Hasilnya menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan statistik pada pH rumen, NH3 ruminal, KCBK-KCBO, produksi metana, Total VFA dan VFA Parsial. Penambahan bubuk rempah bebeda nyata pada populasi protozoa. Populasi protozoa signifikan (P<0,05) dan tes lebih lanjut menggunakan Duncan menunjukkan meningkatkan populasi protozoa ruminal.
Keyword: in vitro, kayu manis, ketumbar, lada putih, pakan fungsional

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite