Judul: Desain pengelolaan budidaya laut berkelanjutan di Teluk Saleh Kabupaten Sumbawa
Abstrak: Mariculture activities have complex problems as they are related to the activities in the mainland. These mariculture activities will affect biophysical conditions and supporting capacity of water, social economic conditions, institutions and mariculture technology all of which are closely related to each other to form a complex system. The dynamics and complexities of problems currently confronted are dynamic process, realized as series of possible events expected to happen in the future. However, their occurence depends on current goverment policies. To support the implementation of government’s policy to make Saleh Bay as a center for developing mariculture, we need multi-dimensional approach. This will allow the concept of sustainable development to be carried out to ensure the ecosystem preservation with due regard to the limitation of environmental capacity so that it can generate economic benefits to the people and regional economy continuously. The main objective of this research is to develop a design of sustainable mariculture management at Saleh Bay, district of Sumbawa. The specific objective of the research are: (1) to analyze the suitability of water for mariculture; (2) to analyze the capacity of water to support mariculture; (3) to analyze index and status of sustainability of mariculture management; and (4) to develop strategy for managing mariculture continuously. Some analytical tools used in this research were water suitability analysis, supporting capacity analysis, Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS) analysis, and quantitative descriptive analysis. Water suitability area for seaweed culture is around 22.860,19 ha. The area for culturing grouper based on KJA system is 27.814,14 ha. The area for water’s supporting capacity, based on water’s capacity for seaweed is 12.309,34 ha or around 31.536 units. Meanwhile, the supporting area based on N-assimilation capacity approach for green seaweed is 21.232,91 ha or 54.443 units and for brown seaweed is 16.900 ha atau 43.325 units. The area of water’s supporting capacity for mariculture based on water capacity for KJA system based-grouper culture is 23.902,81 ha or around 31.536 units. The supporting area based on total N supply-in-water approach is 27.814,18 or 345.836 units. Status for sustainability of mariculture management for seaweed cultivation based on long-line system and for grouper culture based on KJA system at Saleh Bay, District of Sumbawa currently, according to multidimentional scale, can be categorized as “less sustainable”. For the short-term and medium term scenario, its status improves from “less sustainable” to “sufficiently sustainable” and in the long-run scenario, it will increase to “very sustainable”. While sustainability status for KJA mariculture management in the short and medium terms remains “less sustainable”, in the long-term scenario, its sustainability status increases from “less sustainable” to “sufficiently sustainable”.
Keyword: Design, management, mariculture, sustainability, Saleh Bay

Judul: Design for sustainable management of seagrass ecosystems for supporting fisheries in the Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi
Abstrak: Seagrasses have been well known as important habitat for various fauna, including numbers of economic important fishes, especially in the nursery stage. Therefore, seagrass ecosystems management is an important part of managing the marine fisheries. Spermonde Archipelago, a hotspot of coral and seagrass, consist of ± 120 small islands and have dense population (most of them depends on subsistence and small scale fisheries), especially in the south east of the archipelago implements an increased pressure to the seagrass ecosystems. The pressure to the ecosystems will affect the fisheries productivity. By knowing the sustainability status of the seagrass ecosystems, it will facilitate an assessment of the effectiveness of fisheries management and it will provide a valuable information to policy makers about the best policy option for the sustainability management of seagrass ecosystems in the future. Based on that, the main goal of this study was to determine the sustainability status of seagrass ecosystems in Barrang Lompo Island (BL) and Kapoposang Island (KP) for supporting fisheries. In order to achieve the main goal, there are three specific objectives were performed, namely 1). to analyze fish community structure in the seagrass beds, 2). to analyze the fishing activities and their status in the seagrass beds, 3). to design the sustainable management of seagrass ecosystems. Fish community structure was analyzed using non-metric multidimensional scaling technique and Bray-Curtis cluster analysis, while the most contributed species to difference of fish community structure was analyzed using SIMPER (similarity of percentages) procedure. All statistics analysis were carried out using PRIMER v6 software. The difference between fish distribution in both seagrass beds was analyzed with t-test and Bonferroni post-test using PRISM v5 software. Fishing activities were analyzed through fisher recognition based on the latest census data from village office and by interviews, observation of fisher’s behaviour during fishing in the seagrass beds, classification of their catches, analysis of maturity size of their catches based on life stage classification using fish maximum length. Status of fishing in the seagrass beds were determined based on FAO-like exploitation status scale and analyzed through measurement of catch per unit effort (CPUE), total catch in one year (Y), natural mortality as weight-dependence of mortality (Mw), estimated biomass in the same year (B), and maximum sustainable yield (MSY). RAPSECS (rapid appraisal technique for evaluating seagrass ecosystems sustainability) analysis using multidimensional scaling (MDS) was applied to analyze the sustainability status of seagrass ecosystems for each dimension (ecology, economic, social, technology, institution). A combination of pairwase comparison and geomean was used to determine the general sustainability status of each seagrass fisheries. Leverage analysis was applied to identify the most influence attributes to the sustainability status of each dimension. Strategy intervention was formulated based on the most influence attributes within each dimension. The results of non-metric multidimensional scaling technique and Bray- Curtis cluster analysis revealed that overall, there were significant differences of fish community structure and distribution pattern in the seagrass beds dominated by Thalassia hemprichii (TH) and Enhalus acoroides (EA). Fish abundance was higher in TH- than in EA-dominated beds, but fish biomass and species richness were lower in
Keyword: management strategy, sustainability, seagrass ecosystems, fishing, Spermonde Archipelago, RAPSECS, Thalassia hemprichii, Enhalus acoroides

Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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