Judul: Peranan iklim terhadap produksi karet ( Hevea brasiliensis L. ) di kebun Cimulang PTP XI, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Karet alam merupakan salah satu hasil pertanian yang penting saat ini, karena memegang peranan dalam meningkat kan taraf hidup manusia. Karet berguna dalam bidang komu nikasi, pengangkutan, industri, alat rumah tangga, pendi- dikan, kesehatan dan hiburan, antara lain dalam bentuk e- bonit, pembungkus kawat listrik dan telepon, ban mobil/mo tor, aspal serta alat kedokteran. Karet berasal dari getah pohon karet. Getah terse- but terdapat pada bagian kulit, daun dan integumen biji karet (anonimous, 1976). Pohon karet yang dibudidayakan di perkebunan karet adalah dari jenis Hevea brasiliensis yang berasal dari Brasilia. Kecuali tanaman tersebut di- kenal pula pohon atau semak lain yang juga dapat mengha- silkan karet, diantaranya adalah Manihot glaziovii, Ficus elastica, Castilloa elastica, Funtumia elastica dan Tara- xacum spp. Namun jumlah karet yang dapat dihasilkan se- mua tanaman ini, adalah sedikit dan sifat karetnya kurang baik (Balai Penelitian Perkebunan, 1905). Ferkebunan karet di Sri Langka tidak hanya mengambil getah karet tetapi memanfaatkan juga biji dan bungkil ka- ret. Biji karet dimanfaatkan dalam industri sabun dan cat, sedangkan bungkilnya digunakan untuk makanan ternak. Biji karet mengandung minyak 40 50. Pada tahun 1973 Sri langka mengekspor minyak biji karet ke Inggris dan ke negeri Belanda sampai berjumlah 420 ton yang bernilai ...
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Judul: Tinjauan Agroklimatologi Terhadap Budidaya Tanaman Karet (Hevean brasiliensis) Di Balai Penelitian Perkebunan Bogor
Abstrak: Karet alam (Hevea brasiliensis (Wild) Mull. Arg) merupakan komiditi perkebunan yang mempunyai peranan penting sebagai sumber devisa. Fidak kurang dari 10 juta jiwa rakyat Indonesia berpenghasilan dan penghidupannya beasal dari karet alam baik perkebunan besar maupun rakyat dan tataniaganya (Mangkusuwondo, 1976 dan BPPP, 1978). Menurut Soewarno (1978) pada tahun 1978 lebih dari 80% pertanaman karet merupakan tanaman karet rakyat yang tersebar di 17 propinsi di seluruh Indonesia. Ekspor karet Indonesia saat ini menempati urutan ketiga dari seluruh komoditi ekspor Indonesia, setelah minyak bumi dan kayu. Dari 1 732.6 ribu ton volume ekspor komoditi perkebunan pada tahun 1979 terdapat 933.9 ribu ton volume ekspor karet (Anonimous, 1980).
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Judul: DNA Extraction and Characterization of Salmonella‟s Lytic Bacteriophage Genome
Abstrak: Bacteriophages are ubiquitous in nature and are known to proliferate wherever their bacterial hosts exist. Their virion particles can exist independently outside the host, however all phages are need their host to propagate. Several phages are highly specific to host cell surface receptors and any slight changes in structure results in little or no interaction between the phage and its host. Salmonella‟s phage isolated from sewage water where their bacteria exist. Three isolated of phages (phages 15, 19 and 38) were used in this research that concentrated using three types of methods. PEG/ NaCl method was firstly used to concentrate the phages based on their molecular weight to precipitate the phage particles during centrifugation. The second method was Scraping Plaque method. In this method, overlay plaques were scraped and collected in SM buffer to get phage concentrates. Enrichment method was the last method used to concentrate the phages. Phage genome isolation was done using two methods i.e. EDTA/SDS and Proteinase K methods. The first method was done using DNase I to eliminate bacterial DNA followed by SDS/EDTA treatment to release phages DNA and phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol to extract the DNA. DNA was collected by isopropanol extraction. While in Proteinase K method, bacterial DNA was eliminated by DNase I and Proteinase K/SDS was used to degrade phages capsids and ethanol for DNA precipitation. The result showed that PEG/NaCl method resulted the highest phage concentration for phage 15 and phage 19, while scrapping method was the highest for phage 38. The quantity and purity of extracted DNA were low for PEG/NaCl and Scraping methods, while Enrichment method was higher indicated higher purity. Run on agarose gel electrophoresis of extracted DNA confirmed that Enrichment method results were the best while scraping and PEG/NaCl method was appeared smear background. Based on DNA genome size determination, the bacteriphages of Salmonella sp were comparable with other study of Salmonella phages. Phage P15 with genome size of 39,5 kb was close to phage epsilon15. Phage P19 with genome size of 41 kb was close to phage ST160. And phage P38 with genome size of 48,5 kb was close to phage Gifsy-1.
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