Judul: Distribusi Dan Kelimpahan Nudibranchia (Moluska) Di Teluk Jakarta.
Abstrak: Nudibranch is a group of marine gastropod molluscs which shed their shell after their larvae stage. Nudibranchia is benthic animals which consume algae, sponges, hard and soft corals, bryozoans, and hydroids . Nudibranch occur in coral reefs with high density. However, distribution and abundance of nudibranchia in Jakarta Bay are lack known. This study aimed to measure the density and abundance of Nudibranch. Therefore, the study was conducted on September 6 to 8, 2013 at 10 sites on the Jakarta Bay. Distribution and abundance data were collected by using the belt transect method (Belt Transect) and Line Intercept Transect (LIT). A total of 6 family of 18 species and 97 individuals Nudibranch was observed in the study sites. The highest Nudibranch density was found in the Kayangan Island (51 individu/500 m²) and the lowest Nudibranch density was found in the Untung Jawa island (0 individu/500 m²).
Keyword: Nudibranch., Jakarta Bay, density, abundance

Judul: Morphometric and Biovolumetric Characteristics of Noctiluca scintillans in Marunda Waters, Jakarta Bay
Abstrak: Teluk Jakarta merupakan perairan yang padat akan aktivitas manusia. Padatnya aktivitas manusia dapat berimbas pada peningkatan nutrien dalam perairan. N. scintillans seringkali menyebabkan bloom sebagai akibat dari tingginya nutrient dalam perairan. Karakteristik morfometrik N. scintillans memiliki potensi untuk menjadi indikator kondisi populasi dan lingkungan. Pengukuran diameter sel dilakukan untuk menentukan karakteristik morfometrik dan biovolumetrik populasi N. scintillans di Teluk Jakarta serta melihat perbedaan karakteristik tersebut dengan populasi di perairan beriklim sedang. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada Februari 2024 di Pantai Marunda, Jakarta Utara. N. scintillans yang ditemukan di Teluk Jakarta terdiri dari dua bentuk yaitu merah dan hijau. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran, diameter sel N. scintillans di Teluk Jakarta berkisar dari 183,98 hingga 456,97, Jakarta Bay is an area enduring high pressure of anthropogenic activity. A lot of anthropogenic activity could increase the nutrient amount in the waters. Blooms from N. scintillans often occurred as a result of high levels of nutrients in the water. Morphometric characteristic of N. scintillans has the potential to be an indicator of population and environmental condition. Cell diameter measurements were carried out to determine the population’s morphometric and biovolumetric characteristics of N. scintillans in Jakarta Bay and to see differences in these characteristics with populations in temperate waters. Sampling was carried out in February 2024 on Marunda Beach, North Jakarta. N. scintillans found in Jakarta Bay consist of two form, namely red and green. Based on the measurement results, the cells diameter of N. scintillans in Jakarta Bay ranges from 183.98 to 456.97 µm. This indicates a population that is in the early bloom phase with suitable water conditions. The size of N. scintillans in Jakarta Bay is relatively smaller compared to temperate waters.
Keyword: ImageJ, morfometrik, Biovolume, dinoflagellata, N. scintillans

Judul: Sintesis Flavonol melalui 2’-Hidroksikalkon
Abstrak: Flavonol is a class of flavonoids commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Flavonol is very useful, especially in food sector and health. In this study, flavonol unsubstituted was successfully synthesized from an intermediate material 2’-hydroxychalcone. The 2’-hydroxychalcone was synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation method between o-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde using 4 different catalysts, namely KOH 60%, solid pellet of KOH-grinding technique, BF3-Et2O, and NaH in DMF. The KOH 60% was the best catalyst, giving the highest yield (57%). Afterward, the flavonol was synthesized in 1-stage oxidation cyclization of o-hydroxyacetophenone using Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction, giving 76%. The flavonol total yield from 2’-hydroxychalcone was 43%. All synthesized products were characterized by their melting points and their spectra. The success of the synthesis flavonol opens the way to synthesis of useful flavonol derivatives such as quercetin and kaempferol.
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