Judul: The Application of Genetic Algorithm to Estimate Parameters of  Cobb-Douglas Function with Additive Errors
Abstrak: Fungsi Cobb-Douglas dengan galat aditif merupakan fungsi yang dapat digunakan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara hasil produksi dan faktor-faktor produksi. Metode yang dapat digunakan dalam menduga parameter fungsi tersebut adalah metode Nonlinear Least Square (NLS) dan algoritme yang umum digunakan adalah iterasi Gauss Newton (NLS-GN), namun metode tersebut kurang optimal ketika dihadapkan dengan masalah multikolinearitas. Algoritme alternatif yang dapat digunakan pada metode NLS adalah Algoritme Genetika (NLS-GA). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji penerapan Algoritme Genetika pada pendugaan parameter fungsi Cobb-Douglas dengan galat aditif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode NLS-GA belum mampu menghasilkan dugaan parameter yang lebih baik dibanding metode NLS-GN pada data simulasi tanpa masalah multikolinearitas, namun metode NLS-GA mampu mengatasi masalah yang dihadapi metode NLS-GN ketika dihadapkan pada data dengan masalah multikolinearitas. Metode NLS-GA juga mampu menghasilkan model dengan kemampuan prediksi lebih baik dibanding metode NLS-GN pada data riil.
Keyword: Algoritme Genetika, Fungsi Cobb-Douglas, Nonlinear Least Square

Judul: Penentuan Tingkat Produksi Yang Optimal Dengan Menggunakan Algoritma Genetik
Abstrak: Perencanaan produsi adalah perencanaan tentang produk apa yang akan diproduksikan dan berapa jumlah masing-masing yang akan diproduksi. Permasalaban yang sering dihadapi saat perencanaan produksi yaltu bagaimana menentukan tingkat produksi yang optimal dengan variasi pennintaan dan minimum biaya. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk mengkaji dan mengimplementasikan tingkat produksi basil penelitian Oen dan Liu (1995). Dalam menentukan tingkat produksi yang optimal metode yang digunakan adalah Algoritma Genetik (Genetic Algorithm-GA). GA adalah suatu teknik optimasi stokastik yang menggullakan prinsip evolusi (seleksi dan genetika alami).
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Judul: Merremia dennstedt ex endlicher (Convolvulaceae) in Sumatra.
Abstrak: Merremia is a small genus in the family Convolvulaceae. Merremia is a perennial or annual herb or woody liana with stems creeping or twinning on trees or rocks, put out milky white sap when injured and some species with tubers. Merremia is often confused with genus Ipomoea, due to they have resemblance in funnel shaped or campanulate corolla and straight anther. Phenetically, some members of Merremia have yellow flower whereas Ipomoea has white, purple or purplish white. Merremia is also confused with Operculina due both have non-spinulose pollen and dehiscent capsule. Nevertheless, Operculina characterized by circumciselli capsule and Merremia characterized by valve capsule. The important character in Merremia is the spread of the hairs on corolla that can be easily observed at the mature flower bud. The genus Merremia is found in the tropical regions of both hemispheres. Merremia wildly distributed throughout the tropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, North and South America and approximately there were 80 species of Merremia in the world. A Total of 175 sheets (164 collection numbers) which are deposited in Herbarium Bogoriense, 97 sheets (95 collection numbers) which are deposited Andalas University Herbarium (ANDA) and 9 sheets (4 collection numbers) which are deposited in BIOTROP Herbarium (BIOT) were studied. It composed of all specimens of Merremia in Sumatra. Additional specimens were collected by the author 28 sheets (15 collection numbers) from North Sumatra, West Sumatra and Lampung, which are stored in BO and BIOT. The digital data that consist of type specimens and distributions of species from JSTOR Plant Science and Convolvulaceae Unlimited were also used here. All the hebarium specimens were studied based on their morphological characters following de Vogel (1987) and Rifai (1976). The terminology of morphological characters followed Lawrence (1955), Veldkamp (1987), Harris and Harris (1994), Hickey and King (2005) and Stearn (1983). Information on the habitat, ecology, distribution, vernacular names and uses were noted from the specimens label and literatures. Taxonomic studies in Sumatra were conducted. There are eight species, one subspecies, one varietas and two forma from nine previously species (M. cissoides, M. dissecta, M. emarginata, M. hirta, M. peltata, M. quinquefolia, M. tridentata, M. tuberosa and M. vitifolia), two subspecies (M. umbellata ssp. orientalis and M. tridentata ssp. hastata), one varietas (M. boisiana var. sumatrana) and two forma (M. hederacea f. pubescens and M. hederacea f. barbata) can be recognized. One species (M. tridentata) and subspecies (M. tridentata ssp. hastata) are excluded because they have been proposed to different new taxa Xenostegia by Austin and Staples. The existence of M. emarginata was noted as new record in Sumatra and M. cissoides was noted as new record in Indonesia. A phylogenetic analysis using PAUP*4.Ob10 was undertaken based on morphological characters, using Evolvulus nummularius and Porana volubis as the out group. The phylogenetic analysis used 35 morphological characters was resulted consistency index (CI) = 0.60, homoplasy index (HI) = 0.40, retention index (RI) = 0.56 and Rescaled consistency index (RC) = 0.34. Phylogenetic tree used morphological characters divided taxa into two groups. The separation support M. boisiana var. sumatrana, M. cissoides, M.
Keyword: Convolvulaceae, Merremia, morphology, phylogenetic, Sumatra