Judul: Produksi dan Kualitas Telur Ayam ISA Brown yang diberi Ransum Rendah Protein pada Pemeliharaan Terintegrasi dengan Kolam Azolla untuk Mitigasi Amonia
Abstrak: Poultry livestock base on environmental friendly is a concept that unisolate sector of livestock in many countries. All of the strategies made to realize the concept were aimed to improve the environmental quality while still maintaining the productivity of livestock. The expansion rate of livestock industries have to increase continuously and expected for concept implementation. The major component which can be break down the concept was ammonia emission (NH3) of waste. Many alternative of strategies have been observed and discussed regarding to NH3 mitigation from upstream (diets) to downstream (environment control) and showed the unoptimum result. Therefore, it is required the optimum strategy regarding NH3 mitigation beside kept on the minimum safety standards for animal before application. One of strategies that can be applied is feeding low crude protein diet with supplemented essential amino acid reared in the farm integrated with Pond-Grown azolla. The objectives of this study were to evaluate whether feeding laying hen low crude protein (CP) diet would reduce ammonia (NH3) volatilization in excreta but with minimum effects on performances and egg quality of hens, bacterial counts of pathogen and non pathogen in excreta, capability azolla as biofilter of waste water, and physical quality of waste water of pond integrated reared in the farm. This study used 240 ISA Brown hens of 22-week old and were raised for eight weeks to analyzed the effect of feeding hens low crude protein diet on the performances, egg quality of hens, excreta NH3, and bacterial counts of pathogen (E.Coli) and non pathogen (Lactobacillus sp.). This study used a completely randomized design with two treatments and fifteen replications to measure performances, egg quality of hens, excreta NH3, bacterial counts of pathogen and non pathogen in excreta, and used factorial completely randomized design with three factor experiments 2x2x4 with two replications to measure physical quality of waste water. The treatment diets were: R17 diet contain 17% crude protein and R15 diet contain 15% crude protein with supplemented essential amino acid. Parameters measured were feed intake, hen day production, egg mass production, feed conversion, egg weight, body weight gain, eggshell weight, shell percentage, eggshell thickness, egg surface area, egg yolk color score, albumen height, haugh unit, excreta NH3, excreta N, moisture, pH, bacterial counts of Eschericia coli and Lactobacillus sp., N biomass azolla, TDS, temperature, pH of waste water, and analysis income over feed cost. The results showed that feeding laying hens with low crude protein diet (R15) significantly (P<0.05) decreased excreta NH3 about 18.4% to 27.0%, significantly (P<0.05) increased feed conversion and can be induced the decreasing (P<0.05) hen day production to 21.5%. Feeding laying hens with low crude protein diet could maintain quality of egg such as eggshell weight, shell percentage, eggshell thickness, egg surface area, egg yolk color score, albumen height, haugh unit. The results of proximate analysis showed that biomass of azolla whether evaluate in pond integrated reared in the farm had obtained the increasing biomass N to 29.1%. The results also showed that no interaction effects between three factor on physical quality of waste water except effects of terrace pond.
Keyword: ammonia mitigation, egg quality, low crude protein diet, performances, waste water quality

Judul: Organic Mineral Mixed Suplementation in Feed on Isa Brown Laying Hens Performance and Quality 90-97 Weeks
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi suplementasi campuran mineral organik dalam pakan pada ayam petelur . Penelitian menggunakan 1444 ekor ayam. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 2 perlakuan dan 11 ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah T0 = pakan komersial, dan T1 = pakan komersil + campuran mineral organik. Parameter yang diamati terdiri dari warna kerabang, kekuatan kerabang, ketebalan kerabang, haugh unit, hen day production, konsumsi pakan, bobot telur, dan konversi pakan. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji T. Hasil penelitian berpengaruh nyata meningkatkan hen day production, konversi pakan, konsumsi pakan, warna kerabang, ketebalan kerabang, dan kekuatan kerabang (P <0,05), namun tidak berpengaruh pada bobot telur dan haugh unit (P >0,05). Penerapan suplementasi campuran mineral organik dapat meningkatkan hen day production, konsumsi pakan, konversi pakan, kekuatan kerabang, warna, ketebalan kerabang telur ayam petelur strain Isa Brown, namun belum mampu meningkatkan haugh unit dan bobot telur., This study was aimed to evaluate supplementation of organic mineral mix in feed for Isa Brown hens. The study used 1444 chickens. This study used a completely randomized design (RAL) with 2 treatments and 11 replications. The treatments used were T0 = commercial feed and T1 = commercial feed + organic mineral mixture. Parameters observed consisted of shell color, shell strength, shell thickness, haugh unit, hen day production, feed consumption, egg weight, and feed conversion. Data were analyzed using T test. The results showed that significantly improved hen day production, feed conversion, feed consumption, shell color, shell thickness, and shell strength (P <0,05), but had no effect on egg weight and haugh unit (P >0,05). The application of organic mineral mixture supplementation can increase hen day production, feed consumption, feed conversion, shell strength, color, egg shell thickness of laying hens strain Isa Brown, but has not been able to increase the haugh unit and egg weight.
Keyword: Laying hens final phase of production, Performance

Judul: Bifurkasi lokal pada titik tetap non-hiperbolik
Abstrak: Bifurkasi menggambarkan perubahan pada struktur orbit di sekitar titik tetap. Titik tetap dibagi menjadi dua yaitu titik tetap hiperbolik dan titik tetap non-hiperbolik. Titik tetap non-hiperbolik terjadi jika ada nilai eigen dengan bagian real sama dengan nol. Kestabilan dari titik tetap dapat diketahui dari nilai eigen yang diperoleh dari pelinearan medan vektor. Pada bifurkasi satu-dimensi ditemukan kasus-kasus untuk bifurkasi saddle-node, bifurkasi transcritical dan bifurkasi pitchfork. Bifurkasi saddle-node terjadi jika satu sisi dari nilai parameter tidak terdapat titik tetap dan pada sisi lain terdapat dua titik tetap, dimana yang satu stabil dan yang lainnya tak-stabil. Bifurkasi transcritical terjadi jika terdapat pertukaran kestabilan, yaitu dari titik tetap stabil menjadi titik tetap tak-stabil dan sebaliknya. Sedangkan bifurkasi pitchfork dibagi menjadi dua, yaitu: bifurkasi pitchfork supercritical dan bifurkasi pitchfork subcritical. Bifurkasi pitchfork supercritical terjadi jika satu titik tetap stabil berubah menjadi dua titik tetap stabil dan satu titik tetap tak-stabil, dan bifurkasi pitchfork subcritical terjadi jika satu titik tetap stabil dan dua titik tetap tak-stabil berubah menjadi satu titik tetap tak-stabil. Bifurkasi Hopf (bifurkasi dua-dimensi) terjadi jika terdapat orbit periodik pada struktur orbitnya yang berupa lingkaran dengan jari-jari konstan. Ada atau tidaknya orbit periodik dapat diketahui setelah sistem ditransformasikan ke dalam koordinat polar. Orbit periodik ini dapat bersifat stabil maupun tak-stabil. Model periklanan (advertising) Feichtinger merupakan salah satu contoh penerapan bifurkasi Hopf Model ini menghasilkan satu titik tetap dan orbit periodik yang bersifat stabil.
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