Judul: Analisis Produksi Biomassa Tanaman Singkong (Manihot esculenta) Pada Tiga Tanah (Latosol Cikarawang, Regosol Sindang Barang, dan Andisol Sukamantri)
Abstrak: Cassava is a tropical plant that extensively cultivated at Africa, Asia and South America. In the world, Indonesia is the fourth largest of cassava producer after Nigeria, Brazil, and Thailand. In Indonesia, cassava has long been recognized as carbohydrate source as well as food source. For food diversification, cassava is also widely used for snacks. Cassava is used as raw material for tapioca, syrop, sorbitol, monosodium-glutame, ethanol industries, and othe processed forms. However, those utilization limited only from the cassava tuber. Overall potential production of cassava, including tuber, tuber skin, stem, and leaves was studied. Field observation and biomass production measurement of cassava at harvest time (was conducted in three cassava cultivations which different in their soils, i.e. Latosol Cikarawang, Regosol Sindang Barang, and Andisol Sukamantri. At the same time, composite soil sampling for soil fertility analysis was conducted. Laboratory analysis of N, P, and K of soil samples and each of biomass part of cassava was conducted. In addition, tuber was analyzed for its carbohydrates, fats, and protein; while stem was analyzed for its holocellulose and lignin. The results of soil fertility analysis indicated that in general Regosol Sindang Barang has the highest fertility, followed by Andisol Sukamantri and Latosol Cikarawang. The highest overall dry (65ºC) biomass was produced on Latosol Cikarawang 29.8 ton/ha, the highest tuber without skin was produced on Latosol Cikarawang 27.1 ton/ha, the highest trunk and leaves were produced on Andisol Sukamantri 3.2 and 1.3 ton/ha. The highest tuber skin were produced occur in common to Latosol Cikarawang and Regosol Sindang Barang 0.8 ton /ha. Average carbohydrate, protein, and fat of the tuber without skin produced on the three soils were 74.80%, 2.64%, and 0.42%, respectively. Meanwhile, average holocellulose and lignin of the stem produced on the three soil were 49.22% and 20.73%. Total nutrients uptake by the overall biomass on the three soils were in the range of 83.8-166.4 kg/ha, 17.6-54.4 kg/ha, and 106.5-217.8 kg/ha, respectively for N, P, and K. Both tuber without skin and stem of cassava are potential for the future production of bioethanol. In order to maintain soil productivity, it is suggested that the tuber skin and the leaves should be returned to the soil. If the tuber skin and the leaves both were returned to soil, it is equivalent with 44.2-74.3 kg Urea/ha, 16.6-26.7 kg SP-36/ha, and 38.6-85.1 kg KCl/ha.
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Judul: Klasifikasi kesesuaian lahan tanaman singkong (Manihot utilissima) berbasis produksi daerah Bogor, Sukabumi, dan Karawang dalam rangka pengembangan bioenergi
Abstrak: Cassava (tapioca or manioc) is an annual tropical and subtropical tree of Euphorbiaceae family. The easiness in planting cassava leads people attracted to plant it. Moreover, it contains starch that can be used as a basic substance in producing bioethanol and as one of the bioenergy sources. The quality of cassava used as bioenergy source can be observed from its tuber production and starch concentration. Therefore, a cassava growth requirements needs to be paid more attention in order to meet the maximum productivity. The determination of land suitability criteria was using withdrawal limit method or also known as Boundary Line Method. This research was conducted in Bogor, Karawang and Sukabumi by withdrawing datas in several places. Laboratory observations were also done to measure starch concentration and to analyze the soil. The study is based on the correlation between cassava production level and its starch concentration and land's quality elements which spread in specific pattern that is restricted by the outline. The limit of land suitability criteria classes for each evaluated land qualities could be made by creating projection from the intersection of the outline limit (boundary line) with production partition/bulkhead. The boundary limit for cassava production is obtained from the maximum imprint production value (75 tons/ha) which are S1/S2 60 tons/ha, S2/S3 45 tons/ha, S3/N 18,75 tons/ha. The boundary limit for starc cassava concentration from maximum imprint production value (7,29 ton/ha) are S1/S2 5,83 tons/ha, S2/S3 4,37 tons/ha, S3/N 1,82 tons/ha. That limit will be used to make cassava suitability criteria classes. The exploration study that are conducted once withdrawing data and determining limit based on boundary withdrawal could be used for land suitability criteria formation. Correlation pattern between land quality parameter and cassava production and its starch consentration that relatively the same, portrayed that there is interconnectedness between the cassava production and its starch concentration
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Judul: Query Expansion based on Bilingual Dictionary Using Conditional Probability
Abstrak: Query expansion is a technique that can be used to bridge vocabulary gaps between queries and documents in the collection. With query expansion, user will be helped to formulate queries well so that user will optimize the search result. In this study, the expansion term was resulted from the translation of bilingual dictionary. Subsequently, several terms of expansion were elected based on the closeness of its relationship with the original query. This research showed that conditional probability can be used to select expansion term in bilingual translation method query expansion. The result of 1000 documents was more than 97% relevan document can be retrieved by this system. The more expansion term used, the larger number relevan document was retrieved.
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