Judul: Analysis of the impact of the community collaborated Forest management (PHBM) on the community Income and the Environment in Konto Watershed, Malang.
Abstrak: The pressure of population, economy, and politic contributed to natural re;?urces exploitation and land degradation including forestry. Generally, forest maalagement in lava is managed by Forest State Enterprise-FSE (Perum Perhutani). ~nopolization has caused social conflicts and forest damage. The objectives of this re!!arch are: (l) to determine community income and income per capita per day, (2) tOfnalyze factors influence to community on successfulness of PHBM program, (3) toc)\nalyze community's perception of PHBM program, (4) to analyze factors of c@munity knowledge on PHBM Program. Field observation, interview, and study Iitiratures were conducted to collect the data. The results of this research are: In N~ntang sub district, wages and rice field contributed to main income, but in Pujon in~me is determined mainly from private, non-private land and dairy milk. In NiJantang income per capita per day less than US $1.55 and it is categorized poor, but in:Pujon it is more than US $ 1.55 so it categories as welfare state condition. "Gini R:tio Analysis" shows that state's land give important contribution to income and la~ authority equity. Successful of PHBM Program is affected by age, income, how tdgbuy land and any other a alternatives, except land authority from Perhutani and h~band or wife perception. Perception of PHBM is influenced by income, formal education, secondary jobs, extensions and wife knowledge about PHBM program
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Judul: Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Program Pengelolaan Hutan Bersama Masyarakat (PHBM) LMDH Wana Bumi Tirta Makmur, Desa Banjaranyar, BKPH Margasari, KPH Balapulang, Perum Perhutani Unit I Jawa Tengah
Abstrak: Perum Perhutani as a state-owned companywho mandated to manage state forests are required to give great attention to the socio-economic problems of society, especially the rural people who mostly live arround the forest. An increase in market demand and the needs of the people who lives arround the forest for land that continue to increase for the sustainability of their lifes, making Perum Perhutanito conduct the forest resource management systems that involve the community who lives arround the forest with a system of Pengelolaan Hutan Bersama Masyarakat (PHBM).The purpose of this study is to analyze the public perception of PHBM program and obtain the information about the welfare level of the PHBM participants after join the PHBM program. The selection of respondents was done by a simple random sampling, which amounted to 30 respondents. An analysis of the respondents perception referred to the Likert scale and calculated using the basic statistic formula and assisted with the "Descriptive Statistics" Frequencies" application in SPSS 17, while for the analysis forthe relationship of respondents' income before and after participating in PBHM program was tested by using the "Compare Means "Paired -Samples T Test" applicationor the t-test in SPSS 17 software. PHBM program help to increase the income of rural forest communities whobecomes a pesanggemand have join in LMDH whichhold a partnership with the party of PerumPerhutani to participate in PHBM program. That income increase> 50% from Rp. 9,200,450, -/year to Rp. 14,495,950, -/year through the land provision by the local Perum Perhutani which can be tilled by the communities around the forest through the intercropping system. Villagers around the forest feel a huge benefit with the PHBM program, therefore the majority of the villagers have a good perception of the PHBM program with a percentage of 43.3%, followed the percentage of medium perception is36.7% and the percentageof low perception is 20 %. PHBM program also help the economy and improve the rural forest community welfare. The income according to the two criteria of welfare, the Sajogyo Poverty Line and the Tegal regency local minimum wage, most pesanggem not considered poor with percentage of 100% according to the Sajogyo Poverty Line and 56.67% by Tegal regency local minimum wage.
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Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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