Judul: Relationship of Water Quality and Production Performance of Vaname Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) at PT Persada Karya Lestari, Pesawaran Regency, Lampung
Abstrak: Ekspor udang menjadi sumber devisa yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan ekspor produk perikanan lainnya di Indonesia. Potensi udang yang prospektif diikuti juga dengan permasalahan dalam budidaya yang dapat menyebabkan kegagalan panen akibat penurunan kualitas air. Penurunan kualitas air cepat terjadi pada tambak udang sistem intensif dengan padat tebar yang tinggi. Faktor lain yang berpengaruh pada budidaya udang yaitu adanya agen patogen yang dapat menurunkan tingkat kelangsungan hidup udang vaname. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan kualitas air dan kinerja produksi pada tambak udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei). Parameter yang diukur pada penelitian ini adalah average daily growth (ADG), survival rate (SR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), kualitas air, dan indikator kesehatan udang. Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air memiliki hubungan terhadap kinerja produksi udang vaname. Parameter kualitas air yang berhubungan terhadap ADG secara signifikan adalah pH pagi, total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), alkalinitas bikarbonat, dan rasio total vibrio count (TVC) dan total bacterial count (TBC). Tidak ada parameter kualitas air yang berhubungan signifikan terhadap SR. Parameter kualitas air yang berhubungan secara signifikan terhadap FCR adalah pH pagi, pH siang, suhu pagi, alkalinitas karbonat, alkalinitas bikarbonat, dan rasio total vibrio count (TVC) dan total bacterial count (TBC). Kata kunci: kinerja produksi, kualitas air, udang vaname., Shrimp exports become a greater source of foreign exchange compared to the export of other fishery products in Indonesia. The potential of prospective shrimp is also followed by problems in cultivation that can lead to crop failure due to decreased water quality. Rapid decline in water quality occurs in intensive system shrimp ponds with high density. Another factor that affects shrimp cultivation is the presence of pathogenic agents that can decrease the survival rate of shrimp vaname. This study aims to analyze the relationship of water quality and production performance in shrimp ponds vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei). The parameters measured in this study are average daily growth (ADG), survival rate (SR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), water quality, and shrimp health indicators. The results of the correlation test showed that water quality has a relationship to the production performance of vaname shrimp. The water quality parameters associated with ADG are significantly the morning pH, total nitrogen ammonia (TAN), bicarbonate alkalinity, and the ratio of total vibrio count (TVC) and total bacterial count (TBC). There are no water quality parameters significantly related to SR. Water quality parameters significantly related to FCR are morning pH, afternoon pH, morning temperature, carbonate alkalinity, bicarbonate alkalinity, and total vibrio count (TVC) and total bacterial count (TBC) ratio. Keywords: production performance, shrimp vaname, water quality.
Keyword: production performance, shrimp vaname, water quality

Judul: Relation of Water Quality and Production Performance of Vaname Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) with Intensive System at BPBAP Takalar, South Sulawesi
Abstrak: Udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) memiliki lonjakan permintaan baik dari pasar lokal maupun pasar ekspor, dengan sistem budidaya udang vaname pada saat ini yaitu sistem intensif hingga supra intensif. Tingginya permintaan dan produksi udang sejalan dengan permasalahan yaitu penurunan kualitas air. Hubungan kualitas air sangat berpengaruh terhadap kinerja produksi sehingga perlu diperhatikan dan dijaga keseimbangannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kaitan kualitas air terhadap kinerja produksi pada tambak Divisi Pembesaran Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) di BPBAP Takalar, Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non eksperimental menggunakan data sekunder. Prosedur penelitian melakukan observasi lapangan, wawancara, dan menganalisis parameter kualitas air dengan kinerja produksi udang vaname. Parameter yang diamati yaitu laju pertumbuhan harian (LPH), kelangsungan hidup (KH), rasio konversi pakan (RKP), dan kualitas air. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan pemaparan grafik dan uji statistik principal component analysis (PCA) serta uji korelasi. Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukan nilai LPH, KH, dan RKP mengalami fluktuasi. Berdasarkan hasil uji PCA kualitas air yang memiliki hubungan terhadap LPH yaitu DO pagi, nitrit, nitrat, dan phospat sedangkan kinerja produksi KH dan RKP yang memiliki hubungan dengan alkalinitas, bahan organik, dan suhu pagi. Berdasarkan hasil uji korelasi kualitas air terhadap kinerja produksi dengan koefisien korelasi dan Sig(<0,05) dihasilkan LPH memiliki korelasi terhadap suhu sore dengan nilai (-0,045) (0,004), DO sore (0,669) (0,00), kecerahan (0,439) (0,005), nitrit (0,398) (0,011), nitrat (0,357) (0,024), dan bahan organic (-0,333) (0,036). Kualitas air yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap KH yaitu suhu pagi dengan nilai (0,340) (0,032) dan phospat (-0,343) (0,030). Hasil uji korelasi kualitas air terhadap RKP yang signifikan yaitu suhu pagi dengan nilai (0,324) (0,041) dan kecerahan (0,316) (0,047)., Vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) has a surge in demand from both the local and export markets, with the current vaname shrimp cultivation system, namely the intensive to supra intensive system. The high demand and production of shrimp is in line with the problem of decreasing water quality. Water quality correlation of aquaculture environment have impact to production performance so that it needs to be considered and maintained in balance. This study aims to analyze the relationship between water quality and production performance in the Vaname Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) rearing pond at BPBAP Takalar, South Sulawesi. This research is a non-experimental research using secondary data. The research procedure was conducting field observations, interviews, and analyzing water quality parameters with the production performance of vaname shrimp. Parameters observed were average daily growth (ADG), survival rate (SR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and water quality. Data analysis was carried out descriptively with graphic presentation and principal component analysis (PCA) statistical tests and correlation tests. The results of the descriptive analysis showed that the ADG, SR, and FCR values fluctuated. Based on the results of the PCA test, water quality that has a relationship with ADG is DO, nitrite, nitrate, and phosphate while the production performance of SR and FCR have a relationship with alkalinity, organic matter, and morning temperature. Based on the results of the correlation test of water quality on production performance with a correlation coefficient and Sig (<0.05) the resulting LPH has a correlation with afternoon temperature with
Keyword: production performance, water quality, vaname shrimp

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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