Judul: Sharks and Rays Bycatch in Small Fisheries in Kebumen  Waters, Central Java
Abstrak: Minimnya pendataan hiu dan pari telah menjadi isu penting mengingat jumlah penangkapannya yang terus meningkat saat populasinya terus berkurang. Hal tersebut juga terjadi di PPI Karangduwur dan PPI Argopeni. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan unit penangkapan dan hasil tangkapan gillnet, mengidentifikasi jenis hiu dan pari serta mengklasifikasikan status konservasinya, dan mengevaluasi parameter biologinya (panjang dan berat). Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan deskriptif komparatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa unit penangkapan ikan yang ada di perairan Kebumen mayoritas menggunakan alat tangkap gillnet dengan kapal 1-2GT. Selain itu, terdapat 4 jenis hiu dan 6 jenis pari yang didaratkan. Hiu dan pari yang ditemukan berada pada status critically endangered (CR), endangered (EN), vulnerable (VU), dan near threatened (NT) yang terdiri dari Chiloscyllium indicum 72 ekor, Sphyrna lewini 8 ekor, Carcharhinus limbatus sebanyak 68 ekor, dan Atelomycterus marmoratus 30 ekor. Sedangkan pari terdiri dari Hemitrygon akajei 809 ekor, Gymnura marmorata 359 ekor, Manta birostis 8 ekor, Rhinobatus typus 71 ekor, Aetobatus ocellatus 69 ekor, dan Rhinoptera bonasus 78 ekor. Mayoritas hiu dan pari yang tertangkap masih dalam kategori tidak layak tangkap., The minimum data on sharks and rays has become an important issue, considering the catches are increasing while their populations decrease. This also happened at PPI Karangduwur and PPI Argopeni. This research aims to describe fishing units and gillnet catches, identify and classify the conservation status of sharks and rays, and evaluate their biological parameters (length and weight). The analysis used is descriptive analysis and comparative descriptive. The research results showed that most fishing units in Kebumen waters use gillnet with 1-2GT fishing boats. There were 4 types of sharks and 6 types of rays. The sharks and rays found are in status critically endangered (CR), endangered (IN), vulnerable (VU), then near threatened (NT), which consists of 72 Chiloscyllium indicus, 8 Sphyrna lewini, Carcharhinus limbatus as many as 68 tails, and Atelomycterus marmoratus 30. While stingrays consist of Hemitrygon akajei, Gymnura marmorata, Manta birostis, Rhinobatus typus, Aetobatus ocellatus, and Rhinoptera bonasus as many as 809, 358, 8, 71, 69 and 78 respectively. The majority of sharks and rays caught are still in the below Length of Maturity.
Keyword: hasil tangkapan sampingan, hiu, jaring insang, pari, PPI Kebumen, bycatch, gillnet, sharks, rays

Judul: Some Changes in Specification of Fishing Units and Fishing Areas of Shark Fishers From Tanjung Luar, East Lombok
Abstrak: Nelayan Tanjung Luar menggunakan rawai hanyut dan rawai dasar untuk menangkap hiu. Hiu lanjaman (C. falciformis), salah satu jenis yang tercantum pada Appendiks II CITES, adalah jenis ikan yang dominan tertangkap. Pemerintah Indonesia memerlukan sejumlah informasi dalam pengelolaan perikanan ini dengan melakukan pemantauan. Informasi yang diperlukan seperti, komposisi hiu yang tertangkap, perkembangan unit penangkapan, daerah penangkapan serta persepsi nelayan. Informasi tersebut berguna untuk menyusun strategi pengelolaan perikanan hiu. Penelitian bertujuan mengidentifikasi perubahan spesifikasi unit penangkapan, daerah penangkapan, komposisi hasil tangkapan selama 2014-2020, persepsi serta optimisme nelayan hiu. Pengumpulan data melalui pengamatan lapang dan mewawancarai 30 nelayan serta analisis statistik perikanan Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan NTB yang bersumber dari hasil pemantauan Wildlife Conservation Society. Analisis deskriptif dan buffer analysis dilakukan terhadap data yang diperoleh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah kapal penangkap hiu berkurang karena rusak, jumlah maksimum pancing yang dibawa berkurang sesuai dengan kebijakan lokal. Daerah operasi penangkapan hiu cenderung mengarah ke timur, fokus pada perairan sebelah barat Pulau Sumba. Ukuran hiu lanjaman yang tertangkap semakin besar, petunjuk bahwa stok hiu lanjaman dalam status terjaga, porsi hiu lanjaman yang tertangkap rawai hanyut semakin banyak sedangkan yang tertangkap rawai dasar semakin sedikit. Nelayan masih optimis dengan penangkapan hiu sebagai mata pencaharian utama mereka., Fishers from Tanjung Luar operate drift longlines and bottom longlines to catch sharks. Silky sharks (C. falciformis), a species under CITES Appendix II, is a dominant species of their catch. Government of Indonesia needs some information for managing the fisheries by conducting monitoring program. The information needed includes, among others, the species composition of captured sharks, changes in fishing units and fishing ground, and the fishermen's perception. This information can be used for determining fisheries management strategies. This study aims to identify some changes in the specifications of fishing units, fishing grounds, catch composition, perceptions and optimism of the fishers during 2014-2020. Data collection was conducted through field observations, interviews with 30 fishers and some analysis on fisheries statistics from the Agency of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of NTB generated from monitoring program conducted by the Wildlife Conservation Society. Descriptive and buffer analysis were performed to provide the needed information. The results showed a reduction in the number of shark fishing vessels due to physical damage and reduction in the number of fishing hooks per fishing vessel due to local fisheries regulation. Fising operation for shark has been shifting eastward with a focus of around the western waters of Sumba Island. The capture size of the silky shark is getting larger, an indication of a stable status of the fish stock, the portion of the silky shark in the catch from the drift longlines has been increasing while that from the bottom longines is getting fewer. Fishers are still optimistic about their fisheries as their livelihood.
Keyword: capture fisheries, CITES, shark conservation, shark fishing

Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell