Judul: Perencanaan Sistem Jaringan Perpipaan Bertekanan untuk Irigasi Padi Sawah di Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi (Subang, Jawa Barat).
Abstrak: Indonesian Center for Rice Research (ICRR) is a research institute that need precision and high accuracy to strengthen the analysis of research at the institute. One of those research is water balance analysis that need infrastructure such as irrigation. The objective of this research was to design burried pressure pipeline network system for paddy irrigation which starts from the determination of the diameter to the structural analysis. Diameter determination is done by combining the Bernoulli and Darcy-Colebrook-White equation, whereas the structure analysis following the standard of American Water Works Association (AWWA) M41 for pipes made of ductile iron. The results of design indicated that the water from the inlet could not flow by gravity, thus requiring the pump with head difference between the inlet to the outlet was 2.73 m. The main pipe diameters were respectively 36, 30, 24, and 18 in the pipeline while the branch was uniformed with 8 in. Hydraulic gradient along the flow was positive and exceeded the minimum operating pressure at each node, making sure the water can flow throughout both the main and branch pipes. Results of the analysis of the structure of the pipeline due to external loading indicated that the total pressure was still below the maximum bending stress. Total pressure also remained under maximum pressure deflection. Therefore, the pipe can withstand a design load and secure from buckling factor and ring deflection.
Keyword: ductile iron, hydraulic gradient, Indonesian Center for Rice Research, irrigation, pressurized pipe

Judul: Perencanaan dan Perancangan Saluran Irigasi Terbuka di Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi (Subang, Jawa Barat).
Abstrak: Irrigation techniques provides water with the right conditions, the right space, and timely in a way that is effective, economical, and efficient. Planning and design of irrigation system refers to the contour of the land and the flow pattern of the system is needed. So it will impact in increase of productivity and quality of the harvest quality. Placement of irrigation channel adjoining the location of the farm, intended to have a higher elevation with farmland. The planning of secondary irrigation channels along the branches 4196.47 m with tertiary channels have an average 400-800 m length. With an area of 343.89 ha of agricultural land in total consisting of zone 1, 2, and three. Irrigation water requirements by using an open channel with trapezoidal cross-section and use the design method of Strickler required discharge of 0.6043 m3 / s with a coefficient of crop water 1,46 l / s / ha. The results of channel design successfully done according to the appendix 3, in cross section two secondary channels are used to accommodate the irrigation discharge of 0.6043 m3 / s, k = 35, m = 1, n = 2, b = 1,142 m, y = 0,571 m, v = 0,6 m / s, and I = 0,0012. Based on the results of modeling using HEC-RAS software 4.1 on irrigation channels can be said to be safe, and able to accommodate discharge of irrigation according to the needs of 0.6043 m3 / sec with input value n (manning roughness) of 0.025 and a efficiency of secondary channel 90% and 95% of tertiary channels.
Keyword: design, planning, irrigation, HEC-RAS

Judul: Beberapa aspek toxoplasmosis pada domba
Abstrak: Toxoplasmosis merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh infeksi protozoa yaitu Toxoplasma gondii. Menurut Kudo (1960), Toxoplasma digolongkan dalam filum Protozoa, sub filum Plasmodroma, kelas Sporozoa, sub kelas Telosporidia, ordo Haemosporidia, famili Babesiidae dan genus Toxoplasma. Selanjutnya Levine et al. (1980) dalam Thomas Cheng (1986), memngklasifikasikan Toxoplasma sebagai berikut : filum Apicomplexa, kelas Sporozoa, sub kelas Coccidia, ordo Eucoccidiida dan sub ordo Eimiriina dengan genus Toxoplasma. Toxoplasma gondii berkembang biak secara seksual dan aseksual. Stadium seksual terjadi di dalam epitel usus ku- cing rumah dan famili Felidae lainnya, sedangkan perkembang biakkan secara aseksual terjadi pada induk semang antara yaitu carnivora, herbivora dan mamalia (Levine, 1973). Kucing mengeluarkan ookista yang belum bersporulasi dalam feses selama 3 10 hari. Hal Ini terjadi setelah kucing tersebut memakan tikus yang telah terinfeksi bradizoit atau trofozoit atau mencerna ookista (Dubey dan Frenkel, 1976 dalam Georgi, 1980). Induk semang antara dapat terinfeksi Toxoplasma gondii bila tertulari ookista bersporulasi dari feses kucing, takhi- zoit atau bradizoit yang terdapat dalam jaringan induk semang antara yang lain, dapat juga terjadi karena terinfeksi takhizoit melalui penularan secara transplasental (Soulsby 1982). Dalam imunitas terdapat satu hal yang menarik yaitu kemampuan Toxoplasma untuk bertahan dalam makrofag yang seca- ra umum dapat membunuh organisme ekstraselular. Menurut Ian Tizzard (1981), respon kekebalan yang perta- ma dari tubuh terhadap parasit Toxoplasma gondii adalah res- pon kekebalan selular (CMI response). Sebagian besar infeksi oleh Toxoplasma gondii tidak menunjukkan gejala klinis yang jelas. Pada domba gejala klinis yang dapat terlihat berupa demam, dispnoe. tremor secara umum dan kadang-kadang terlihat adanya inkoordinasi gerak. Tetapi gejala yang paling umum terjadi adalah plasentitis diikuti abortus atau terjadi kematian foetus pada saat 3 atau 4 minggu terakhir dari kebuntingan. Selanjutnya pada domba gejala dari dikatakan juga gejala yang dapat terlihat betina adalah "circle walking" yang merupakan encephalitis (Soulsby, 1982)…dst
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