Judul: Reduction of Irrigation and Pruning leaves for Solar Radiation Use Efficiency of Maize in Dryland
Abstrak: In Indonesia, maize (Zea Mays L.) is cultivated mostly on the dry land, where water is the main limiting factor for production. Thus, it is necessary to develop the efficient cultivation techniques in terms of water use. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the reduction of irrigation and pruning leaves below the cob on the ability of plants to intercept solar radiation for growth, and for radiation and water use efficiency (RUE and WUE) and maize productivity. Irrigation treatments for crop water requirement is conducted on 3 levels, namely 100% fulfilment of the total water requirement for one growing season (DI 100%), the reduction of 20 and 40% of the total crop water requirement (DI 80% and DI 60%). While pruning is conducted by the time plants have entered the generative phase with 3 level of treatments, i.e. without pruning (P0) as a control, and prunning of 3 and 6 leaves below cob (P3 and P6). Radiation use efficiency (RUE) treatments DI 80% (3.2 g MJ-1) was not significantly different from treatment DI 100% (3.1 g M-1), is greater than the RUE treatments DI 60% (2.6 g MJ-1). RUE P0 treatment (3.1 g MJ-1) was not significantly different from treatment RUE P1 (3.0 g MJ-1), both higher than the P6 RUE treatment (2.7 g MJ-1). These results indicate that the reduction of 40% of the total crop water requirement or trimming 6 below cob leaf can decrease the RUE. Plant productivity on DI 100% treatment (7.0 ton ha-1) was the highest. Plant productivity on DI 80% treatment (6.6 ton ha-1) was not significantly different from DI 60% and DI 100% (6.2 ton ha-1). WUE treatment DI 60% (0.74 kg m-3) significantly higher than WUE treatment DI 80% (0.59 kg m-3) and WUE treatment DI 100% (0.50 kg m-3). The results showed that the reduction of irrigation up to 40%, could reduce the crop productivity because of crop water requirements are not fulfilled optimally. Nonetheless, the reduction of irrigation can be applied as an efficient cultivation techniques in terms of water use so that the sustainable production and conservation of water resources can be achieved.
Keyword: Zea Mays L, interception, productivity, water requirement

Judul: Pengaruh Aplikasi Sistem Peresapan Biopori Terhadap Aliran Permukaan, Erosi, Kehilangan Hara Dan Produktivitas Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays) Dan Padi (Oryza sativa) Pada Tanah Latosol Darmaga
Abstrak: New technological innovations to reduce water and soil losses from agricultural land such as application of biopore absorbtion hole is very important. Reduction of water loss from agricultural land is required to maintain and improve soil fertility to support plant growth optimaly. This research purpose to study the effect of biopore absorbtion hole to reduce surface runoff, erosion, nutrient losses and increase productivity of corn (Zea mays) and upland rice (Oryza sativa). The research was design using randomized block design with soil conservation techniques as the treatment. The treatments consist of: no soil and water conservation techniques (T0), the conventional ditch (T1), conventional ditch and vertical mulch (T2), conventional ditch and biopore absorbtion holes (T3) and conventional ditch, vertical mulch and biopore absorbtion holes (T4). Measurement of surface runoff and soil erosion was conducted on soil erosion plot (10m x 2m). The parameters were observed included surface run-off, soil erosion, sediment deposited in the ditch, the content of C, N, P, K, Ca and Mg on the surface runoff and soil eosion which are deposited on ditch, and plant growth and productivity of corn and upland rice. The treatments of T1, T2, T3 and T4 are very effective in reducing surface runoff and soil erosion which is equal up to 100% compared with no treatment (T0). There treatment were also reduce nutrients losses in to ditch so that not loss from farmland. T4 treatment is able to precipitate nutrients to ditch more than the other on corn and upland rice season. The treatments T2, T3 and T4 significantly effect to dry weight of biomass and grain production of upland rice. The highest of biomass and grain upland rice production was found in the T4 treatment, respectively 7.20 ton/ha and 9.51 ton/ha. Effect of treatments and sediment return from ditch to planting bed were positive impact on production in the next planting season.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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