Judul: Karakteristik lanskap tegakan bamboo di hulu das kali Bekasi
Abstrak: A high rate of land use change around the upper stream of Kali Bekasi watershed currently causes various environmental problems including threath on biodiversity. Indonesia, which is namely as mega-biodiversity country, has about 143 bamboo species and 60 species was reported that they were planted in Java. Nine of them were endemic species and it has been utilized widely by rural people for daily uses. The objectives of this research were to map a bamboo distribution; to analyse bamboo and non-bamboo stands diversity and biomass; to analyse bamboo utilization and management based on traditional ecological knowledge; and to establish recommendation for sustainable bamboo management. Survey method was used for collecting bamboo data. Data analysis used landcover and bamboo classification by image classification analysis, bamboo and non-bamboo biomass index, diversity index analysis by Shannon’s index, and local ecological analysis. Result showed that bamboo was accupied about 5.360,89 ha or 11,39% of total area with six bamboo species. The highest bamboo diversity index was in the higher part of the upper stream of Kali Bekasi watershed (0,62), however the highest bamboo biomass index was found in the lower part of the upper stream of Kali Bekasi watershed (98,96 ton/ha). About 230 trees and belong to 29 species and 27 above-ground plant species were also found in the surveyed area. Local knowledge about bamboo cultivation and management, their values and uses to environment and daily life were to keep bamboo still exsist. Sustainable bamboo stands management should be done with the agroforestry concept in mixed garden. This option would be better cooperated amongs farmers and local community in order to conserve bamboo and tree species diversity with harmony to local wisdom.
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Judul: Ekologi dan Bioprospeksi Bambu di Kawasan Taman Wisata Alam Gunung Baung Pasuruan Jawa Timur
Abstrak: Bamboo is one of plant taxa comprising various species with high economic potential. Bamboo is a member of Bambusoideae of the Poaceae family. There are 1250 bamboo species in the world, 135 of them are in Indonesia. Not all bamboo species are well known, and only some of them can be found in Java Island. Land use changes reduce bamboo natural habitats in Indonesia. One of the bamboo forests in East Java is found at a conservation area namely Mount Baung Natural Park. The information of bamboo diversity, population structure and the relationship between bamboo and its biotic and abiotic factors in Mount Baung Natural Park is not well known. The aims of the research were to study the ecology of bamboo, the relationship between bamboo growth and its biotic and abiotic factors, and the bio-prospection aspect of this taxon in Mount Baung Natural Park, Pasuruan, East Java. This research was carried out at four different locations from September 2011 to Mei 2012. Those locations were Preserved Area, Rehabilitation Area, Limited Usage Area, and Intensive Usage Area. Data collection was conducted by analyzing the bamboo populations using sampled plots along the transects that were determined by stratified random samplings within four purposive sampled areas. The collected botanical data consisted of the bamboo scientific names, the number of clumps per plot and the diameter of clumps. The environmental data consisted of altitude, solar radiation, temperature-humidity, and soil pH. Soil samples were analyzed at the Soil Chemical Laboratory, Center for Research of Land Resources, Bogor. The abundances and densities of bamboo expressed an importance value index, namely the resultant of the sum of Relative Density, Relative Frequency, and Relative Dominance. The determination of habitat characteristics (i.e. determining the most related factors in relation to the presence of bamboo in their community) were analyzed by statistical correlations using the software STATISTICA Minitab 14. The principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis were performed to determine relationships between abiotic/biotic components and bamboo’s occurrences. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) was used to determine component relationships. Cluster analysis was used to analyze the similarity of the environmental conditions of the bamboo habitat. Index Cultural Significance (ICS) was performed to determine the bamboo bio-prospecting of bamboo. There were seven species of bamboo in Mount Baung Natural Park, Pasuruan, namely Bambusa blumeana, Bambusa vulgaris, Dendrocalamus asper, Schizostachyum iraten, Gigantochloa apus, Gigantochloa atter and Dinochloa matmat. D. matmat was not described detail in this These due to the very limited number ( < 1%) of individual occurence. Among the six bamboo species, B. blumeana possessed nearly ideal population structure. Bambusa blumeana had the highest important value index 127,97%. The structure of bamboo population was classified based on the clump diameter classes which were: A (< 5 m), B (5-10 m) and C (> 10 m). Based on this category, the bamboo in Mount Baung Natural Park belonged to A phase class. Based on the soil analysis, the location had good soil characteristics and was feasible for bamboo growth, namely silty clay loam, medium CEC (Cation Exchange Capacity) ranging from 10,90 to 18,52
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Judul: Pengujian Virus Newcastle Disease Gen VII Isolat Lapang Sebagai Virus Standar Pada Uji Tantang Vaksin
Abstrak: This study was conducted to determine the standard of Newcastle disease virus Gene VII field isolate as a virus challenge to vaccine test. A virus suspension that has previously been tested by HA test then titrated with EID50 using 30 Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) of 10 day old chicken embryonated eggs. In addition, chicken lethal dose50 (CLD50) test were used to determine the virus titer that could cause 50% death of the chicken population. The CLD50 test was used 25 day-old-chickens (DOC) divided into 5 groups. The virus was diluted from 10-1 to 10-8. The 104 to 10-8 dilution of NDV was infected to every group of chicken via eyedrop and intranasal with 0.1 ml/chicken dosage. Haemagglutination test showed that the allantoic fluid were contain high titers of NDV is 512 HAU. The infective NDV that had been titrated by EID50 test showed the virus titers is 109 EID50/0.1 ml or 1010 EID50/ml and the virus titers of CLD50 test e.i 106.48 CLD50/0.1 ml or 107.48 CLD50/ml. These results can be concluded that the NDV Gene VII field isolates were most appropriate to be used as a standard virus to vaccine test
Keyword: Newcastle Disease Virus Gene VII, HA tes, EID50 test, CLD50 test