Judul: The Effect of a Combination of Plant Growth Regulators on In Vitro Shoots of White Turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria)
Abstrak: Temu putih memiliki umur panen sekitar 10 bulan. Perbanyakan temu putih menggunakan rimpang mengalami beberapa kendala diantaranya masa dormansi 2-3 bulan, ukuran bibit tidak seragam, dan kompetisi untuk bibit dan konsumsi. Kultur in vitro temu putih dapat membantu masalah penyediaan bibit. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan 3 AGH pada bulan Maret 2022 hingga Agustus 2022. Percobaan menggunakan RKLT satu faktor dengan 5 taraf kombinasi zat pengatur tumbuh pada media dasar MS0 yaitu media MS tanpa penambahan ZPT (kontrol); 3 ppm BAP + 0,5 ppm TDZ + 0,1 ppm NAA; 9 ppm BAP ; 1,5 ppm TDZ; 3 ppm Kinetin + 0,5 ppm TDZ + 0,1 ppm NAA. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 5 kali, setiap satuan percobaan terdiri atas 2 eksplan dan masing-masing ditanam dalam 1 botol sehingga terdapat 50 satuan pengamatan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penambahan ZPT pada media dan pengelompokkan berdasarkan ukuran tunas memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap multiplikasi tunas. Penambahan 3 ppm BAP + 0,5 ppm TDZ + 0,1 ppm NAA dan 3 ppm Kinetin + 0,5 ppm TDZ + 0,1 ppm NAA menghasilkan rataan tunas terbanyak yaitu 6,8 tunas. Penambahan ZPT tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap panjang tunas, jumlah daun, dan jumlah akar. Terdapat 42 planlet siap aklimatisasi yang berasal dari kultur dengan penambahan 3 ppm BAP + 0,5 ppm TDZ + 0,1 ppm NAA; 9 ppm BAP; dan 3 ppm Kinetin + 0,5 ppm TDZ + 0,1 ppm NAA dengan keberhasilan hidup mencapai 100%., White turmeric has a harvesting period after 10 months. Obstacles to the growth of white turmeric utilizing rhizomes included a 2-3 month dormant period, uneven seed size, and viability for consumption. The study was carried out at the Tissue Culture Laboratory Department AGH IPB University from March 2022 to August 2022. This study used a one-factor RCBD with 5 levels combination of PGR on MS base media, i.e., MS medium without PGR (control); 3 ppm BAP + 0,5 ppm TDZ + 0,1 ppm NAA; 9 ppm BAP; 1,5 ppm TDZ; 3 ppm Kinetin + 0,5 ppm TDZ + 0,1 ppm NAA. Each treatment comprised five replications. Each replication consisted of 2 explants and each explants planted in 1 bottle so that there were 50 units of observations. The results showed that adding PGR to the media and grouping based on shoot size significantly affected shoot multiplication. The addition of 3 ppm BAP + 0.5 ppm TDZ + 0.1 ppm NAA and 3 ppm Kinetin + 0,5 ppm TDZ + 0,1 ppm NAA resulted in the highest average is 6,8 shoots for each explant. The addition of PGR did not significantly affect shoot length, number of leaves, and number of roots. There were 42 acclimatization-ready plantlets derived from culture with the addition of 3 ppm BAP + 0.5 ppm TDZ + 0.1 ppm NAA; 9 ppm BAP; and 3 ppm Kinetin + 0.5 ppm TDZ + 0.1 ppm NAA with a life success rate of 100%.
Keyword: auxin, cytokinins, multiplication, senescence, Zingiberaceae

Judul: Regenerasi Dua Spesies Talas secara In Vitro pada Media dengan Kombinasi Auksin dan Sitokinin
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh pemberian kombinasi zat pengatur tumbuh auksin dan sitokinin terhadap regenerasi dua jenis talas S28 (Colocasia sp.) dan Beneng Banten (Xanthosoma sp.) secara in vitro. Penelitian ini menggunakan RKLT satu faktor yang terdiri dari 2 percobaan dan melalui 2 tahapan. Tahap pertama induksi kalus, faktor kombinasi ZPT terdiri atas 5 taraf perlakuan, yaitu 1 ppm 2,4-D+0,1 ppm Kin; 2 ppm 2,4-D+0,1 ppm Kin; 1 ppm 2,4- D+0,1 ppm BAP; 2 ppm 2,4-D+0,1 ppm BAP; dan 1,6 ppm NAA+0,1 ppm Kin. Setiap perlakuan dikelompokkan dalam 10 ulangan, sehingga seluruhnya terdapat 50 satuan percobaan. Setiap satu satuan percobaan terdiri atas dua botol yang masing-masing botol ditanam dua eksplan berupa pangkal tunas. Percobaan dilakukan pada masing-masing spesies talas sehingga total terdapat 400 satuan pengamatan. Pada tahap regenerasi kalus, menggunakan kombinasi ZPT seperti pada induksi kalus tetapi konsentrasi auksin diturunkan 1/10 kali dari konsentrasi semula serta konsentrasi sitokinin dinaikkan sebanyak 20 kali (kinetin) dan 10 kali (BAP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi auksin dan sitokinin memberikan pengaruh terhadap pembentukkan kalus, embrio somatik, tunas, dan akar pada talas S28 dan talas Beneng Banten. Embrio somatik pada kedua jenis talas dapat terbentuk pada media dengan kombinasi 2,4-D dan kinetin atau BAP. Persentase tertinggi eksplan bertunas sebesar 45% pada S28 dan persentase 55% pada talas Beneng Banten dengan masing-masing spesies menghasilkan rata-rata 2 tunas serta persentase tertinggi eksplan berakar diperoleh dengan penambahan 0,16 NAA dan 2 ppm kinetin., This research aimed to study the effect of a combination of plant growth regulators auxin and cytokinins on the regeneration of two species of taro S28 (Colocasia sp.) and Beneng Banten (Xanthosoma sp.) in vitro. This study used a one-factor RCBD which consisted of 2 trials and went through 2 stages. In the first stage of callus induction, the PGR combination factor consisted of 5 treatment levels, namely 1 ppm 2,4-D+0,1 ppm Kin; 2 ppm 2,4-D+0,1 ppm Kin; 1 ppm 2,4- D+0,1 ppm BAP; 2 ppm 2,4-D+0,1 ppm BAP; and 1,6 ppm NAA+0,1 ppm Kin. Each treatment was grouped into 10 replications, so there were 50 experimental units in total. Each experimental unit consisted of two bottles, each of bottle was planted with two explants in the form of shoot bases. The experiment was carried out on each species of taro so there were a total of 400 units of observation. At the callus regeneration stage, using a PGR combination was similar to callus induction but the auxin concentration was reduced 1/10 times from the original concentration and the cytokinin concentration was increased by 20 times (kinetin) and 10 times (BAP). The results showed that the combination of auxins and cytokinins had an effect on the formation of callus, somatic embryos, shoots and roots on taro S28 and taro Beneng Banten. Somatic embryos in both types of taro can form on media with a combination of 2,4-D and kinetin or BAP. The highest percentage of explants sprouting was 45% in S28 and 55% in Beneng Banten taro with each species producing an average of 2 shoots and the highest percentage of explants needed was obtained by adding
Keyword: 2,4-D, adventive shoot, BAP, morphogenesis, somatic embryo

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
Keyword: