Judul: Pemanfaatan Roti Afrikan Sumber Energi Menggantikan Jagung Ternak Babi Kastrasi dan Tidak Kastrasi Periode Pengakhiran
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Jurusan Ilmu Produksi Ternak , Laboratorium Ternak Babi, Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Waktu penelitian selama 60 hari dari tanggal 21 Mei samapai 20 Juli 1984. Ternak percobaan yang digunakan adalah ternak-ternak babi persilangan lokal periode pengakhiran ("finishing") sebanyak 24 ekor, terdiri dari 12 ekor jantan kastrasi dan 12 ekor jantan tidak kasatrasi.
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Judul: Pemanfaatan Roti Afkiran Sebagai Sumber Energi Menggantikan Jagung Untuk Ternak Babi Kastrasi dan Tidak Kastrasi Periode Pengakhiran
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Jurusan Ilmu Produksi Ternak, Laboratorium Ternak Babi, Fakultas Peternakan, Ins- titut Pertanian Bogor. Waktu penelitian selama 60 hari, dari tanggal 21 Mei sampai 20 Juli 1984. Ternak percobaan yang digunakan adalah ternak-ternak babi persilangan lokal periode pengakhiran ("finishing"). sebanyak 24 ekor, terdiri dari 12 ekor jantan kastrasi dan 12 ekor jantan tidak kastrasi. Bobot badan awal rataan untuk jantan kastrasi 60,53 kg dan jantan tidak kastrasi 61,3 kg. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah hendak melihat sejauh mana manfaat dan pengaruh roti afkiran sebagai pakan sumber energi asal limbah industri terhadap penampilan ternak babi sebagai upaya menggantikan jagung. Dalam percobaan ini dipakai percobaan berfaktor ganda 2 x 4 x 3, yang dilaksanakan dengan rancangan Petak Terbagi ("Split Block Design" atau "Strip Plot Design"). Tingkat penggunaan roti afkiran dalam ransum adalah 0, 5, 10, dan 15 persen. Ransum-ransum tersebut adalah: RI = Ransum mengandung O persen roti afkiran (Belum ada jagung yang digantikan) RII = Ransum mengandung 5 persen roti afkiran (Penggantian jagung 33,33 persen) Ransum = mengandung 10 persen roti afkiran (Penggantian jagung 66,67 persen) RIV =Ransum mengandung 15 persen roti afkiran (Penggantian jagung 100 persen) Hasil analisa statistik menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan ransum memberi pengaruh yang nyata (P<0,05) terhadap kon- sumsi secara kuadratik dengan persamaan Y = 2465,48-14,8 X + 134,0 X. Perlakuan ini tidak nyata untuk pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi makanan. Sedangkan perlakuan sex sangat nyata (P<0,01) pengaruhnya terhdap konsumsi, dan nyata (P<0,05) terhadap pertambahan bobot badan, namun tidak memperlihatkan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap konversi makanan. Secara ekonomis diperoleh bahwa ransum RIV R- lebih efi- sien, dan memberikan penerimaan yang paling besar dibanding ransum yang lain, namun akan lebih menguntungkan lagi bila dilakukan kastrasi….
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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