Judul: Studi Pembungaan, Perkembangan Buah dan Perkecambahan Biji Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.), Suatu Tanaman Penghasil Biodiesel
Abstrak: Calophyllum inophyllum (nyamplung) is among tropical plants traditionally used by local residents as firewood, building material and medicinal plants. The aim of this research was to study flower and fruit development, seed germination and oil content of the seeds. Two adult trees were used as objects of observation. Observation of morphology and germination tests were carried out on the field, while the anatomical observations by microscopic preparations and oil content analysis using the soxhlet were carried out in the laboratory. The result showed that generative bud generally had 8-15 flowers. A cymose inflorescence with 4 petals, 4 sepals, single pistil and 4 clumps of stamen surrounded the pistil. In some cases, the flowers with 5 or 3 sepals and 3 clumps of stamen were also observed. Fruits were rounded, green and turned to harden with brownish color during maturation. Flower bud grown from bud was ready to blossom 27 days after initiation (DAI). There were up to 48.52% flower buds during flower development, and up to 64,5% flower drop during fruit development. Generally fruit drop rate in P2 higher than P1. During development flowers bloomed for 3 days, and 4 days after anthesis the flowers started to lose their part. The fruits have started ripening at 8-10 week after anthesis (WAA). Seeds from P2 tree had oil content of 51.79%, higher than the P1 tree (42.57%). The second tree seeds germinated quicker than that of the first tree, which shows the variation between the tree.
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Judul: Analisa teknoekonomi pendirian industry biodiesel dari biji nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.)
Abstrak: World crises that occurred in the last decades caused the scarcity of fuel oil. During 2004 fuel oil consumption in Indonesia reached 26.9 billion liters, and in 2011 is estimated to reach more than 34.71 billion liters. Fuel consumption is not in line with fuel production, necessitating the development of alternatives energy. One of them is to use Nyamplung seed that is processed into biodiesel. Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) is a plant which commonly found around the coast. Nyamplung plant is one of the biodiesel alternative materials that have a large potential to be developed to overcome the problem of scarcity of fuel. The advantages of Nyamplung as raw material for biodiesel are the seeds have high rendement (approximately 70%) and its use does not compete with food purposes. The purpose of this study is to analyze techno-economic aspect of biodiesel industry establishment of Nyamplung seed. Scope of research includes techno-economic on the market and marketing aspects, technical and technological, management and organization, environmental, legal, valuation and commercialization, as well as financial aspects. This biodiesel industry is planned to be located in Banyuwangi with the selection criteria associated with using AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) and the industrial capacity of 1000 liters per day with raw materials as much as 4500 kg per day. After a deep assessment of all aspects, it can be concluded that the industry of biodiesel from Nyamplung seed is feasible to be realized.
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Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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