Judul: Spatial Model of Developing Village Based on Road Network and Land Use in Brebes District
Abstrak: Brebes is a rural district dominated by agricultural areas. The area of Brebes Regency is 1,769.62 km2 consisting of 292 villages and 17 sub-districts. Brebes Regency is in the northern region of Central Java Province, borders West Java, and is traversed by the Pantura National Road and the Trans-Java toll road. Geographically, the location of Brebes Regency is strategic so that infrastructure development is expected to optimize geographical advantages and encourage socio-economic development. However, in fact the gross regional domestic product (GRDP) per capita in Brebes in 2022 is IDR 17.61 million lower than the average GRDP per capita in the former Pekalongan Residency districts (consisting of five districts namely Pekalongan, Tegal, Pemalang, Batang, and Brebes) amounting to IDR 22.02 million. The Human Development Index of Brebes is 67.03, the lowest in Central Java, and the poverty rate in 2022 is 16.05%, the third highest in Central Java. Another indicator in assessing the development of Brebes, according to its characteristics which are dominated by rural areas, is the Village Development Index (IDM). IDM is a village development assessment index compiled by the Ministry of Villages, Disadvantaged Regions and Transmigration. IDM is a com-posite index that assesses social resilience, economic resilience and environmental resilience. Brebes' IDM in 2022 is 0.6850 or on average they have developing village status. The value is below the Central Java’s IDM average (0.7118) and below the IDM average of the former Pekalongan Residency districts (0.6913). To overcome backwardness, it is necessary to study the spatial aspects of rural areas in Brebes Regency so that rural development can be in harmony with the spatial factors that most influence each village. The main objective of this research is to create modeling based on spatial factors in the form of road networks and land use on the level of village development in Brebes Regency. The method used is road network analysis and land use analysis, as well as regression analysis to determine the influence of the road network and land use on the IDM of Brebes Regency. The selected road network analysis is an analysis of road connectivity (alpha and beta indices), road density, and shortest route, while the land use analysis selected is an analysis of built-up land, regional compactness, and land use diversity. Both analyzes produce quantitative data which is used as an independent variable to assess village development based on IDM as the dependent variable. Correlation between variables was analyzed through geographically weighted regression (GWR) which was preceded by ordinary least squares (OLS) analysis accompanied by a com-parison of the two. The first stage of road network analysis produces an alpha index, beta index, and road network density level. The alpha index value in Brebes is in the range 0.370-0.856 with an average value of 0.455. This figure is still lower than the perfect score (α=1), which means that the road network in Brebes within the village area is not fully connected well. Meanwhile, the beta index value in Brebes is in the interval 1.682-1.944 with an average value of 1.792. This figure means that the road network
Keyword: GWR, road network, land use, village development

Judul: The Spatial Pattern of Poverty in Brebes Regency and Its Allevation Strategy
Abstrak: Salah satu program Nawacita dalam mewujudkan pembangunan nasional adalah membangun Indonesia dari pinggiran. Dalam pencapaian tujuan tersebut, pemerintah masih menghadapi berbagai kondisi yang tidak ideal, salah satunya adalah kemiskinan yang relatif tinggi di daerah perdesaan. Salah satu instrumen yang digunakan pemerintah dalam mewujudkan Nawacita ini adalah disahkannya Undang-Undang (UU) Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa dan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 60 Tahun 2014 tentang Dana Desa Yang Bersumber Dari APBN. Permasalahan kemiskinan perdesaan juga ditemukan di Kabupaten Brebes. Wilayah dengan luas 1.769,62 km 2 yang terdiri dari beragam karakter spasial mulai dari dataran rendah hingga pegunungan ini didominasi oleh wilayah perdesaan dengan persentase penduduk miskin tertinggi ketiga di Jawa Tengah. Dalam upaya penanggulangan kemiskinan diperlukan solusi yang lebih spesifik sesuai karakter suatu wilayah. Sehingga penanganan kemiskinan dapat berjalan secara efektif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sebaran dan pola spasial kemiskinan di Kabupaten Brebes dengan menggunakan analisis Autokorelasi Spasial (Moran’s Global Index & Local Indicator of Spatial Autocorrelation/LISA), untuk mengetahui pengaruh dana desa dan UMKM terhadap kemiskinan di Kabupaten Brebes dilihat dari aspek spasial menggunakan analisis Geographycally Weighted Regression serta memberikan alternatif kebijakan untuk pengentasannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya sebaran dan pola spasial kemiskinan di Kabupaten Brebes yang bersifat mengelompok (clustered). Pola ini menunjukkan bahwa desa yang berdekatan memiliki karakteristik yang relatif sama. Selanjutnya berdasarkan Uji LISA didapatkan 40 desa yang masuk dalam klaster high-high atau desa dengan tingkat kemiskinan tinggi dikelilingi dengan desa dengan kemiskinan tinggi juga. Empat puluh desa yang terbagi menjadi dua klaster yakni klaster wilayah Salem dan klaster wilayah Bumiayu ini merupakan kantung kemiskinan di Kabupaten Brebes. Sedangkan hasil analisis GWR menunjukkan masing-masing jenis belanja dana desa memiliki pengaruh yang beragam dalam menurunkan kemiskinan di Kabupaten Brebes sesuai spesifik lokasi. Adapun alternatif kebijakan untuk menurunkan kemiskinan di Kabupaten Brebes di prioritaskan pada 40 desa yang menjadi kantung kemiskinan di klaster wilayah Salem dan klaster wilayah Bumiayu-Paguyangan. Selain itu juga dilakukan usulan kesesuaian karakteristik spasial hasil GWR sebagai dasar formulasi pengalokasian bantuan dana desa di Kabupaten Brebes. Kata Kunci: Kemiskinan, Dana Desa, Analisis Spasial dan GWR, One of the Nawacita programs in realizing national development is to develop Indonesia from the periphery. In achieving this goal, the government faces various conditions that are not ideal, namely high poverty in rural areas. One of the instruments used by the government in realizing this nawacita is Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages and Government Regulation Number 60 of 2014 concerning Village Funds Sourced from the APBN. The problem of poverty also occurs in Brebes Regency, which ranks third in the top in Central Java. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution and spatial pattern of poverty in Brebes District using Spatial Autocorrelation analysis and to determine the effect of village funds and SME on poverty in Brebes Regency and its management solutions from a spatial perspective. The results of the study show that there is a spatial distribution and pattern of poverty in Brebes Regency are clustered. This pattern indicates that adjacent villages have relatively similar characteristics. Furthermore, based on the LISA test, it was found that
Keyword: Kemiskinan, Dana Desa, Analisis Spasial

Judul: Pemanfaatan Khitosan dari Limbah Kulit Udang sebagai Bahan Kosmetik
Abstrak: Khitosan merupakan biopolimer polisakarida yang diekstrak dari kulit dan kepala udang. Kulit dan kepala udang merupakan limbah industri pengolahan udang, yang selama ini baru dimanfaatkan sebagai pakan ternak, bahan pembuat trasi dan krupuk udang. Pemanfaatan kulit udang menjadi khitosan merupakan alternatif yang baik mengingat banyak kegunaannya dalam industri.
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