Judul: Analysis of Microbial Contamination in Sunblock Cream Containing Jackfruit Seeds Starch with Coconut Oil Emulsion
Abstrak: Tabir surya merupakan salah satu produk kosmetik yang sangat dibutuhkan sebagai bentuk pencegahan dampak negatif dari ultraviolet. Salah satu syarat krim tabir surya mendapat izin edar adalah nilai cemaran mikroba sesuai dengan standar keamanan Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM). Pati biji nangka memiliki efek anti sinar ultraviolet karena mampu memantulkan sinar, serta minyak kelapa yang berperan sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis cemaran mikroba dalam krim tabir surya BNMK. Pengujian pada penelitian ini meliputi Angka Lempeng Total (ALT), kurva pertumbuhan bakteri, Angka Kapang Khamir (AKK), dan kurva pertumbuhan kapang khamir. Nilai ALT pada sampel sebesar 1.3 x 102 cfu/mL, sudah sesuai dengan standar BPOM (<103 cfu/mL). Kurva pertumbuhan bakteri menyatakan bahwa bakteri pada sampel diduga memiliki karakteristik yang sama dengan E. coli. Hasil uji AKK diperoleh koloni sebanyak 8 x 105 cfu/mL, lebih tinggi dari standar BPOM (<103 cfu/mL). Morfologi koloni menunjukkan bahwa yang terdapat pada sampel adalah khamir., Sunblock is one of cosmetic products that is needed as a prevention from the negative effects of ultraviolet. One of the requirements for sunblock cream to obtain a marketing authorization is the value of microbial contamination in accordance with the safety standards of Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM). Jackfruit seeds starch has an anti ultraviolet effect because it can reflect light, and coconut oil acts as an antioxidant. This study aims to analyze the microbial contamination in sunblock cream Based on Jackfruit Seed Starch with Coconut Oil Emulsion (BNMK). Tests in this study include Total Plate Count (TPC), bacterial growth curve, Yeast Mold Count (YMC), and yeast mold growth curve. The TPC in the sample is 1.3 x 102 cfu/mL, in accordance with BPOM standards (<103 cfu/mL). The bacterial growth curve revealed that the bacteria in the sample were thought to have the same characteristics as E. coli. The YMC test results is 8 x 105 cfu/mL, higher than the BPOM standards (<103 cfu/mL). The colony morphology showed that the sample is yeast.
Keyword: jackfruit seed, microbial contamination, starch, sunscreen

Judul: Efek Fotoprotektif Buah Bakau (Rhizopora mucronata Lamk.) pada Krim Tabir Surya dengan Penambahan Karaginan
Abstrak: Mangrove fruit (R. mucronata) has an antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds. Flavonoids and tannins are potentially to be used as sunscreens as UV light absorber. Kappaphycus alvarezii produces carrageenan, which can be used as stabilizers, thickeners, and emulsifiers for lotions products. The aim of this study was to determine the best concentration of the carrageenan addition for cream preparation based on the characteristics, to determine the activity of mangrove fruit extract as the sunscreen compounds, and to determine the SPF value of creams containing extracts of mangrove fruits. The best concentration of carrageenan used for cream was 0.5% with the cream sensory characteristic ranged from “kind of like” to “like”, pH 7.62, viscosity 38,250 cP, emulsion stability 100%, weight shrinkage 3.72%, and microbial total was <102 colonies/g. Crude extract of the mangrove fruit has a total phenol values of 37.90% (w/w), total flavonoids was 0.51% (w/w) and tannin content was 6.20 mg/g. Mangrove fruit extract which was added to the cream with 0,5% and 1% had SPF value of 7.75±0.01 and 10.21±0.06, respectively.
Keyword: SPF, Rhizophora mucronata, phenols, flavonoids, carrageenan

Judul: Dynamics Model for Rural and Urban Economic Growth
Abstrak: Lewis theory of structural change has focused on mechanisms that allow countries to transform their domestic economic structure to a more modern economy. The proposed model deals with the mechanism of interaction between rural and urban Economic. This model is concerned with the process of labor transfer from rural to urban areas. This study aims to model the dynamics of economic growth in rural and urban areas, including determining the equilibrium solution and to carry out simulation of the model. The simulation results show that the transfer of labor from rural to urban areas will increase the rate of change of capital so that structural changes can be realized. In addition, increased propensity to save in rural areas will also accelerate structural change
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