Judul: Karakteristik Konsumsi Pangan Hewani di Berbagai Wilayah Menurut Indikator Kesejahteraan
Abstrak: This study are aim to know about development of characteristic animal food consumption base on welfare indicators. An Ecological design was use in this study. The date of this research is Susenas publication 2009, 2010, and 2011. The result show that share of animal food expenditure in various regions is fluctuation. Share of Animal food expenditure in urban areas more higher than rural. The pattern of animal food expenditure is fish, eggs and milk, meat. Fish, eggs and milk proportion are decrease while the meat increases. Protein contribution of animal food in various regions is increases. Then, the population in urban areas has better protein contribution than rural. Protein adequacy level in various regions is increase continuously. The urban population has a better protein adequacy level than rural. The result of regression test known that the economic and demographic factor has a significant impact on animal food expenditure in various region at 5% level with r = 0.807.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), animal food, welfare indicators, food consumption

Judul: Analysis of Socio-economic Factors Associated with  Animal-based Food Consumption in Indonesia
Abstrak: Konsumsi pangan hewani dalam jumlah cukup dinilai penting untuk membantu mencegah terjadinya masalah gizi termasuk stunting. Faktor sosial ekonomi menjadi salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi konsumsi pangan hewani penduduk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara berbagai faktor sosial ekonomi terhadap konsumsi pangan hewani di Indonesia. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional menggunakan data sekunder dari 34 provinsi di Indonesia yang mencakup data jumlah penduduk, rata-rata lama sekolah, PDRB per kapita, pendapatan riil, tingkat kemiskinan, tingkat pengangguran, dan konsumsi pangan hewani. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April-September 2021. Hasil analisis regresi linear berganda menunjukkan bahwa PDRB per kapita dan tingkat pengangguran memiliki hubungan positif (p<0,05), sedangkan jumlah penduduk dan tingkat kemiskinan berhubungan negatif dengan konsumsi pangan hewani (p<0,05). Upaya untuk mengontrol jumlah yang bertujuan untuk mengurangi tingkat kemiskinan dan pengangguran, serta stabilitas ekonomi diperlukan untuk meningkatkan GDRP yang selanjutnya menjamin pemenuhan konsumsi pangan., To avoid nutrition disorders, including as stunting, adequate animal-based food consumption is required. Various socioeconomic factors may influence the community's intake of animal-based foods. The goal of this study was to look at the socioeconomic aspects that influence animal-based food intake in Indonesia. The study was cross-sectional and included secondary data from 34 Indonesian provinces, including information on population, mean school years, GDRP per capita, real income per capita, poverty level, unemployment rate, and animal-based food consumption. The research took place from April to September of 2021. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed significant positive relationships between GRDP per capita and unemployment rate and animal-based food consumption (p<0.05), but substantial negative relationships between population and poverty rates and animal-based food consumption (p<0.05). To increase GRDP and assure food consumption, population restrictions aimed at lowering poverty and unemployment rates, as well as macroenonomic stability, are required.
Keyword: faktor sosial ekonomi, konsumsi pangan, pangan hewani

Judul: Invers Drazin dari Matriks Toeplitz Singular
Abstrak: Matriks Toeplitz adalah matriks yang setiap unsur pada diagonal utama bernilai sama dan setiap unsur pada subdiagonal yang bersesuaian dengan diagonal utama juga bernilai sama. Matriks singular adalah matriks yang tidak bisa ditentukan inversnya. Akan tetapi, dapat diupayakan untuk ditentukan inversnya menggunakan invers matriks yang diperumum. Invers Drazin merupakan salah satu jenis invers matriks yang diperumum. Pada karya ilmiah ini ditentukan invers Drazin dari matriks Toeplitz singular dengan menggunakan metode Leverrier Faddeev. Kemudian, ditentukan invers Drazin dari matriks Toeplitz singular yang direpresentasikan sebagai penjumlahan segitiga bawah dan segitiga atas matriks Toeplitz berdasar pada teorema Gohberg dan Semencul., Toeplitz matrix is a matrix in with element on the main diagonal has the same value and on the subdiagonal corresponding to the main diagonal also has the same value. Singular matrix is a matrix that has no inverse. However, it can be attempted to determine the inverse using a generalized inverse matrix. Inverse Drazin is a type of generalized matrix inverse. This paper discussed the inverse Drazin for a singular Toeplitz matrix using the Leverrier Faddeev method. Then, the Drazin inverse of the singular Toeplitz matrix which is represented as a sum of products of lower and upper triangular Toeplitz matrix based on Gohberg and Semencul theorem.
Keyword: inverse Drazine, singular Toeplitz matrix