Judul: Morphological Studies of the Stomach of Javan porcupine (Hystrix javanica).
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan data morphology dan morphometry lambung landak Jawa (Hystrix javanica). Sampel yang digunakan adalah dua organ lambung landak Jawa. Pengamatan organ lambung dilakukan secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Lambung landak Jawa berbentuk seperti huruf C terbalik dengan ukuran kurvatura minor sangat pendek dan kuvatura mayor yang relatif panjang. Panjang kurvatura mayor lambung landak Jawa adalah 25.25±2.55 cm dan kurvatura minor adalah 1.7±0.2 cm. Bagian fundus berbentuk seperti kantong buntu yang dinamakan fundic caecum. Pada hubungan antara pilorus dan duodenum terdapat lapisan otot tebal di daerah kurvatura mayor dan kurvatura minor yang dinamakan sphincter. Hasil pengamatan mikroskopis memperlihatkan bahwa mukosa lambung landak Jawa dilapisi oleh epitel silindris sebaris dan ditutupi oleh lapisan mukus yang sangat tebal. Kelenjar lambung landak Jawa terdiri atas kardia, fundus, dan pilorus. Kelenjar kardia sangat sempit, sedangkan kelenjar fundus adalah kelenjar lambung yang sangat luas. karakteristik distribusi sel-sel kelenjarnya adalah sel chief sangat banyak ditemukan pada daerah fundic caecum, sedangkan sel parietal sangat banyak ditemukan pada daerah kurvatura mayor dan kurvatura minor. Perbatasan antara pilorus dan duodenum ditandai dengan adanya sphincter pilorus. Vili-vili usus yang mengandung sel goblet juga ditemukan pada mukosa duodenum. Namun kelenjar Brunner mulai ditemukan pada bagian proksimal duodenum, tidak pada batas antara pilorus dan duodenum.
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Judul: Hematology study of Javan Porcupine (Hystrixjavanica).
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh dan melengkapi data-data dasar gambaran darah pada landak Jawa (Hystrix javanica). Penelitian ini menggunakan lima ekor landak Jawa dewasa, yang terdiri dari empat ekor landak jantan dan satu ekor landak betina, dengan bobot badan berkisar 7-9 kg. Sampel darah diambil secara intracardial di daerah intercostales sejajar dengan olecranon. Pemeriksaan uji hematologi, meliputi pemeriksaan jumlah eritrosit, kadar Hb, PCV, MCV, MCH, MCHC, jumlah leukosit dan morfologi sel darah. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa jumlah eritrosit (4.21±0.49 x106/mm3), kadar Hb (14.33±2.43 gr/dl), dan PCV (43.08±3.82%). Dari hasil perhitungan eritrosit, Hb, dan PCV, dapat diperoleh nilai MCV (102.66±4.63 fl), MCH (34.25±4.78 pg) dan MCHC (33.25±3.69%). Jumlah leukosit yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian adalah (10.11±2.87 x103/mm3), yang terdiri dari limfosit (70.9±7.79%), monosit (1.8±0.76%), neutrofil (22.5±9.09%), eosinofil (3.6±1.64%) dan basofil (1.2±0.84%). Rataan ukuran diameter untuk masing-masing sel darah yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian ini adalah eritrosit (7.98±0.055 μm) dengan area bikonkaf (4.15±1.135 μm), limfosit (8.5±0.5 μm), monosit (10.5±0.5 μm), neutrofil (14±0.5 μm), eosinofil (11.5±0.5 μm), dan basofil (11±3 μm). secara umum, nilai normal dan morfologi darah landak Jawa mirip dengan mamalia khususnya dengan rodensia lain dan kelinci.
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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