Judul: Isolasi dan Identifikasi Bakteri Asam Laktat Dangke Asal Kabupaten Sinjai Sulawesi Selatan
Abstrak: Dangke is an Indonesian traditional food from Sinjai South Sulawesi made from buffalo and bovine milk. This product is made by clotting boiled milk with fresh fruit leaves juice of Carica papaya (papain enzyme) as coagulant. An experiment was conducted to analyze the physics characteristics of dangke, isolate and identified Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) from original dangke. BAL isolates were futher identified and characterized its growth at different temperature conditions and concentration of NaCl 6.5%. This experiment was arranged in a factorial completely randomized design and consisted of 3 treatments of incubation temperature (10 ºC, 37 ºC, and 45 ºC), each treatment in 3 equal replicates. Data was analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued to Tukey HSD. Data of bacterial growth in concentration of NaCl 6.5% was analyzed by T-test. Result identification showed that species of LAB isolated from dangke were Pediococcus pentosaceus MSS 1 and Pediococcus pentosaceus MSS 2. It is concluded that P. pentosaceus MSS 1 and P. pentosaceus MSS 2 were mesophiles LAB that could survive at 30 °C up to 45 °C incubation temperature and high salt condition with concentration of NaCl 6.5%
Keyword: P. pentosaceus MSS 2, P. pentosaceus MSS 1, LAB, dangke

Judul: Potensi Daya Hambat Bakteri Asam Laktat terhadap Cendawan pada Dangke Selama Penyimpanan
Abstrak: Dangke is a traditional dairy product in Enrengkang District, South Sulawesi. Since dangke is produced traditionally in small scale unit (home industry) the microbial contamination of dangke is critical point in food quality and safety, specifically the fungal contamination of fungi. It is necessary to develop a method to inhibit growth of fungi in dangke. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) could be a potential biopreservative of dangke regarding to inhibition of fungal contamination. The aim of this research was to review the effectiveness of inhibition of LAB against fungi in dangke during storage. The study was devided into three steps, i.e., observation of fungal number in dangke (n=20), isolation and identification of fungi in dangke, and observation of Lactobacillus plantarum DU15 (LAB) application in dangke which was contaminated with Candida sp. The study was designed using randomized completely design with factorial pattern of 4 x 2 x 4 with 5 replications. The result showed that the average number of fungi in 20 samples of dangke from Enrekang District were 5.2 x 106 cfu/g. The main isolated fungi strains were belonged to Candida sp. (95%), Saccharomyces sp. (50%), Geotrichum sp. (35%), Rodotorula sp. (10%), Microsporum sp. (40%), Cladosporium sp. (30%), Penicillium sp. (30%), Aspergillus sp. (20%), Fusarium sp. (5%). During the storage, pH, total lactic acid, and viable count of LAB increased significantly (p<0.05). LAB could reduce fungal growth significantly (p<0.05). The number of fungi decreased from 6.72 log cfu/g to 3.99 log cfu/g after 6 days of storage
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Judul: Comparison of Bermudan Options Valuation with Binomial Method and Trinomial Method
Abstrak: Opsi Bermuda adalah salah satu jenis opsi eksotis yang hanya dapat dieksekusi pada saat jatuh tempo atau di beberapa titik yang berhingga dalam waktu yang telah ditentukan sebelum waktu jatuh tempo. Karya ilmiah ini membahas tentang penentuan harga opsi Bermuda menggunakan metode binomial dan trinomial serta menganalisis pengaruh beberapa faktor lain terhadap harga opsi Bermuda. Nilai hampiran opsi Bermuda dihitung menggunakan metode Binomial dan Trinomial. Berdasarkan hasil penghitungan, semakin banyak langkah yang digunakan pada metode binomial dan trinomial, nilai hampiran opsi Bermuda semakin mendekati nilai eksak, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode binomial dan trinomial konvergen. Laju kekonvergenan untuk metode binomial bernilai 1,56 untuk opsi Bermuda call dan bernilai 1,19 untuk opsi Bermuda put, sedangkan pada metode trinomial bernilai 2,61 untuk opsi Bermuda call dan bernilai 4,39 untuk opsi Bermuda put. Dari hal ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode trinomial adalah metode yang lebih baik dalam menentukan nilai hampiran opsi Bermuda daripada metode binomial karena memiliki laju kekonvergenan yang lebih besar., Bermudan options are one kind of exotic options which can only be executed at the maturity date or at some point in time to maturity that have been settled before the maturity date. The manuscript discusses a pricing method of Bermudan options with binomial and trinomial methods and analyzes the influence of several factors on the price of Bermudan options. The approximation value of the Bermudan options was calculated using binomial and trinomial methods. Based on the calculation results, the greater the number of steps in the binomial and trinomial methods, the closer the approximation value of the Bermudan options to the exact value, so it can be concluded that the binomial and trinomial methods are convergent. The convergence rate for the binomial method is 1,56 for Bermudan call options and 1,19 for Bermudan put options, whereas for the trinomial method is 2,61 for Bermudan call options and 4,39 for Bermudan put options. Based on this result, it can be concluded that the trinomial method is better for calculating the approximation value of the Bermudan options than the binomial method because of its larger convergence rate.
Keyword: exotic options, Bermudan options, binomial method, trinomial method