Judul: Genetic diversity of microsatellite and cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene in Indonesian Buffalo
Abstrak: This study aims to determine genetic diversity in Indonesian buffaloes using microsatellite markers and cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene. The sample used in this study were 211 samples of buffaloes (30 samples of swamp buffaloes from Aceh, North Sumatra, Banten, Central Java, West Nusa Tenggara, South Sulawesi, and 19 samples from Riau) and 12 samples of river buffaloes from North Sumatra. Microsatellite markers used were CSSM66, ILSTS61, and ILSTS17 loci. Microsatellite data in term of observed number of alleles (na); effective number of alleles (ne); Observed heterozygosity (Ho); Expected heterozygosity (He); and polymorphism information content (PIC) were analyzed by GenAlEx 6.41 and Cervus 3.1. COI gene sequences were analyzed using MEGA 5.1 software with the Neighbor-joining method and kimura 2 parameter substitution models. This study showed that CSSM66 loci had two alleles and two genotypes. ILSTS61 loci had five alleles and 14 genotypes. ILSTS17 loci had two alleles and three genotypes. Microsatellite genetic distance between populations could separate Indonesian swamp buffalo. The reconstructed phylogeny tree based on COI gene sequences were able to distinguish Subspecies of swamp buffalo and river buffalo. COI gene sequences showed four haplotypes for Indonesian swamp buffalo, namely H1, H2, H3 and H4.
Keyword: genetic diversity, microsatellite, COI, Indonesian buffalo

Judul: Analisis keragaman genetik kerbau lokal (Bubalus bubalis) berdasarkan haplotipe DNA mitokondria
Abstrak: Mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) in vertebrate is a circular double stranded DNA molecule. It has a high mutation rate and strictly maternally inherited. This research was conducted to investigate the diversity among local buffalos based on mtDNA’s control region. Samples that were used in this research were native buffalos from 10 Jawa Tengah, 12 Nusa Tenggara Barat, 10 Sumatera Utara and 12 Banten. By in vitro amplification with Polymorphism Chain Reaction method (PCR) using a pair of primer AF22 and AF23, yielded 1145 base pair long. The selected region is a segment spanning the region of end part 3’ cyt-b gene through the partial of the 3’ control region (d-loop). The PCR product was digested with four restriction enzymes, which were AluI (AG↓CT), HaeIII (GG↓CC), HinfI (G↓AnTC) and MspI (C↓CGG). Two haplotypes were detected among 44 samples. The nucleotide diversity among these haplotypes is 0,17%. Haplotype 1 found in all sample locations, while haplotype 2 was only found in one sample from Sumatera Utara. Genetically, the buffalos from Jawa Tengah, Nusa Tenggara Barat and Banten guessed have a same origin heredity (D = 0,000) and they have a near kinship with Sumatera Utara’s buffalo (D= 0,0061).
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Judul: Nanokristalin Pirit (FeS2) sebagai Material Semikonduktor Fotovoltaik.
Abstrak: Teknologi fotovoltaik adalah suatu proses yang dapat mengubah sinar matahari menjadi energi listrik dengan media semikonduktor. Penggunaan sel surya untuk fotovoltaik hanya dapat mengonversi radiasi matahari menjadi energi listrik kurang dari 20%. Efisiensi akan meningkat ketika material semikonduktor untuk fotovoltaik dibuat menjadi ukuran nano. Pirit merupakan salah satu material semikonduktor fotovoltaik yang memiliki energi pita celah (Eg) dalam kisaran 0.8–0.95 eV. Energi pita celah tersebut terbukti meningkat ketika disintesis dengan metode hidrotermal menggunakan beragam molar [S]:[Fe] pada suhu 200 °C dalam 24 jam. Nilai energi pita celah yang dihasilkan adalah 1.58–2.073 eV. Ukuran nanokristalin pirit yang dihasilkan berada pada kisaran 21.04–58.77 nm menurut data Particle Size Analyzer. Besarnya ukuran nanokristal pirit yang tumbuh kurang dari 50 nm merupakan poin penting untuk aplikasi fotovoltaik.
Keyword: Hidrotermal, fotovoltaik, nanokristal, pirit