Judul: Konversi Lahan: Benturan Kepentingan Aktor Aktor dalam Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Agraria (Studi Kasus Desa Kertawangunan, Kecamatan Sindang Agung, Kabupaten Kuningan)
Abstrak: The objective of this research are: 1) knowing behalf map among actor in agricultural farm conversion process at Kertawangunan Village, Sindang Agung District, Kuningan Regency; 2) analyzing the impact of agricultural farm conversion to changing actor relationship at Kertawangunan Village, Sindang Agung District, Kuningan Regency; 3) analyzing the implication of farm conversion to area development of Kuningan Regency. The approach this research is qualitative approach. Case study use intrinsic case study. Analyze of collection data with data reduction. On Kertawangunan Village case exists two the interested parties actor to convert farms which is among government and society. Regency government has behalf to farm release for development Terminal Type A Kertawangunan. Village government behalf to increase income and budgeting of village and increase salary of village worker. Land owner behalf is derived price sell suitably, seed money, and buying wider farm at other region. Farmers behalf losing the agriculture job access and opening new job. Impact farm conversion to changing actor relationship gets bearing with changed value orientation to farm, changing of relationship among actors, and development country town. Implication of farm conversion to area development of Kuningan Regency gets bearing with changing plan sets region room, economic growth priority, and gross regional domestic product dominant.
Keyword: 

Judul: Konversi Lahan Pertanian dan Sikap Petani di Desa Cihideung Ilir Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: This study showed that the patterns of conversion is mostly occurs rapidly and by switching control to others. Converted lands generally used for housing. Factors affecting land conversion can be categorized into internal factors such as urgent economic needs and the desire to change the fate, and external factors such as population growth and government policies. The impact of land conversion on the socioeconomic conditions consist of reduced rice yield, decreased farmers’s income, reduced household food security, reduced employment opportunities in agriculture, farmers’s limited access to agricultural land, and others. However there are positive impact as well, that is construction of housing may indicate the development of rural economy. The attitude of farmers to conversion of agricultural land has no relation to the characteristics of the respondents including gender, age, educational level, farm employment status, number of dependents in the family, income level, as well as broad and land tenure.
Keyword: 

Judul: Durability of Specific Immunoglobulin (Ig) Y Againts Influenza and Covid-19 in Sunscreen
Abstrak: The benefit of specific immunoglobulin Y (Ig Y) as an active ingredient in personal care products such as sunscreen has not been properly studied. Our study aims to evaluate the reliability of specific IgY against influenza and the COVID-19 virus in a sample sunscreen product. Specific IgY influenza and COVID-19 viruses were inserted in the sample sunscreen at two concentrations of 0.1% and 0.25%. Three treatments were observed: control (C) sunscreen without IgY, treatment 1 (T1) sunscreen with 0.1% IgY, and treatment 2 (T2) sunscreen with 0.25% IgY. Organoleptic observations were carried out to monitor changes in aroma, color, and texture, and sunscreen sampling was done every week for 6 weeks. The durability of IgY was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a neutralization assay. Organoleptic observation from weeks 1 to 6 showed consistency in its aroma, color, and texture. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization assay (NA) results of the T1 and T2 groups showed negative results except for sample T1 at week 5, which showed a positive result in the Influenza A ELISA. Based on the results, it seems that IgY concentrations of 0.1% or 0.25% were not optimal. However, this negative result might be due to low concentration of the IgY and the presence of beeswax, which inhibits IgY and causes it to dissolve in distilled water, thus preventing it from being detected in the assay.
Keyword: Immunoglobulin Y, Sunscreen, Influenza, COVID-19, Biological Activity