Judul: Struktur Dan Anatomi Saluran Pencernaan  Rayap Kasta Prajurit Neotermes Bosei
Abstrak: Termites are social insects, that consist of reproductives (drone and queen) and nonreproductives (soldiers and workers) caste. Reproductives, soldiers, and nymphs obtain their food from the workers through trophallaxis in term of stomodeal and proctodeal food. Those kind of food had been digested by the workers. Hence, one can assume that there are differences on termite alimentary canal for each caste. The aim of this study is to examine the soldier’s alimentary canal of Neotermes bosei. Observations and measurements were carried out for the alimentary canal. Those are histology of the gut, the length, perimeter, and area of each canal region. The total length of the alimentary canal from crop to anus is 13.01±1.19 mm, which is divided into 13, 29, and 58% for foregut, midgut, and hindgut, respectively. Every region of the alimentary canal has different characteristics. Epithelium of the alimentary canal are varies from columnar to transtitional. Ventriculus has regenarative crypts. Oesophagus, crop, proventriculus, and rectum have thick muscular tissue. Proventriculus has thick intima. There is no gastric caeca at the midgut. Area with the largest outer perimeter value is the paunch. There are variations in outer and inner perimeter of the alimentary canal. There are several differences between soldiers and workers alimentary canal, such as muscular tissue thicknest, cells structure and their parameters.
Keyword: 

Judul: Anatomi saluran pencernaan rayap bagian tengah dan belakang pada rayap Macrotermes gilvus
Abstrak: Termites are social insects that live in colonies. Termite colony consists of three castes, soldiers caste, worker, and reproductives. This study used ground termites of worker caste Macrotermes gilvus because there is no data on the digestive tract of this termites yet. The aim of this study was to examine the worker midgut and hindgut of M. gilvus. Observations in the digestive tract of termites using parafin embedding method. This study observed enteric valve in the middle of midgut and hindgut. The enteric valve show four folded into the lumen forming a valve. Midgut of M. gilvus consisted of epithlial cells, muscle cells and lumen in the middle. There is no gastric caecum found in termites.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), gastric caecum, enteric valve, alimentary canal, Ground termites

Judul: Penggabungan Hasil Pemodelan Statistical Downscaling RKU dan RKTP dengan Optimisasi Kuadratik untuk Peningkatan Akurasi Pendugaan
Abstrak: Pemodelan statistical downscaling (SDS) dengan regresi komponen utama (RKU) dan regresi kuadrat terkecil parsial (RKTP) digunakan untuk menduga curah hujan. Pengukuran akurasi dari metode tersebut dilakukan dengan menghitung nilai root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP). Semakin kecil nilai RMSEP, semakin dekat dugaan curah hujan dengan curah hujan aktualnya. Nilai RMSEP dari metode RKU dan RKTP relatif besar sehingga diperlukan suatu metode untuk meningkatkan akurasi dari pendugaan. Peningkatan akurasi dugaan curah hujan dapat dilakukan dengan menggabungkan kedua dugaan hasil pemodelan SDS dengan meminimumkan fungsi RMSEP gabungan berkendala dan tidak berkendala. Optimisasi fungsi RMSEP berkendala menghasilkan nilai RMSEP gabungan yang lebih besar daripada RMSEP kedua model pembentuknya pada beberapa himpunan data, sedangkan optimisasi fungsi RMSEP tak berkendala menghasilkan nilai RMSEP gabungan yang lebih kecil untuk keseluruhan himpunan data. Gabungan dugaan curah hujan lebih baik daripada dugaan curah hujan pembentuknya.
Keyword: kombinasi peramalan, optimisasi kuadratik, regresi komponen utama, regresi kuadrat terkecil parsial, statistical downscaling