Judul: Mempelajari Peran Rantai Logistik dan Masyarakat Sekitar dalam Implementasi Produksi Bersih di Industri Penyamakan Kuli
Abstrak: Tanning industry processes rawhide to produce leather in which this process results in by products as well as liquid and solid wastes. Cleaner production could be implemented as a preventive method that can reduce waste formation. Logistic chain related to this tanning process are breeder, slaughter house, rawhide trader, and the tanning industry. This research aimed to identify the input, output and generated waste, the cleaner production options that can be applied to the logistic chain, and to determine the role of society on the implementation of cleaner production. The methods used in this study were quick scan of logistic chains and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The best cleaner production option in raw material preparation is socialization to the butcher and farmers. While that in the main process are arranging stage of fleshing process to be conducted before soaking process, reuse of soaking and chrome waste, converting powder and feather waste to be construction materials, applying Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) management and setting screen above molen machine. AHP result showed that industry and the environment is the most important actor and factor respectively. The best selected option of cleaner production is recycling chrome waste in tanning process. The role of community in the implementation of cleaner production includes complying the OHS procedure for workers and warning the company to comply the environment.
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Judul: Kajian Implementasi Produksi Bersih di Industri Penyamakan Kulit (Kasus Desa Cibuluh, Kecamatan Bogor Utara)
Abstrak: Leather tanning industries are industries that process animal skin to produce finish leather product by using many stages of process. Every stage of the process will generate a large amount of wastes, either liquid or solid wastes. If the waste is not treated properly, it will cause environmental pollution. Implementation of cleaner production strategy can be used to solve this problem. This research studies the potentials of cleaner production application and alternative of cleaner production strategy in order to develop environmental friendly tanning industry in Cibuluh. The method used was process identification, waste sourch identification, and cleaner production analysis strategy. The cleaner production alternatives which are potential to be applied are design of installation wastewater to IPAL with pipe from molen machine, reuse wastewater from pre soaking process for the next batch, separation wastewater from hair and flesh, processing of fleshing waste for fat, and recycle chromium from tanning wastewater. Based on the priority alternative, three options were selected, namely recycle chromium from tanning wastewater, separation wastewater from hair and flesh, and reuse wastewater from pre soaking process for the next batch. The total investment of these option is Rp 2,059,500,- with pay back period (PBP) of 0.17 month. The Analitycal Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis result shows that industrial policy is the most important factor to minimize waste product of tanning industry. The priority of cleaner production program from AHP analysis is recycle chromium from tanning wastewater which is consistent to that resulted from field study.
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Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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