Judul: Variation of BoLA DRB 3.2 Alleles in Madura Cattle
Abstrak: Variation of BoLA DRB 3.2 alleles was investigated in madura cattle by PCR-RFLP and was compared with variation of BoLA DRB 3.2 alleles in limousin and FH cattle. The result indicated that BoLA DRB 3.2 was highly polymorphic in madura cattle and also in limousin and FH cattle. Thirty four BoLA DRB 3.2 alleles were identified with frequencies ranging from 1.47 to 22.00%. Thirty of thirty four alleles were similar to those reported earlier. Four alleles were new and had not been reported previously, those were *dbd, *kea, *kba, and *iaa. Three alleles were shared between madura, limousin, and FH cattle (*11, *23, and *37). Eight alleles were shared between madura and limousin cattle (*06, *16, *17, *20, *28, *34, *36, and *40). Two alleles were shared between madura and FH cattle (*12 and *25). Eleven alleles were only found in madura cattle (*04, *08, *21, *26, *27, *39, *43, *44, *50, *53, and *dbd). BoLA DRB 3.2*39 was the most frequent allele in madura cattle (17.65%).
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Judul: Identification of polymorphism of follicle-stimulating hormone sub-beta unit gene, follicle-stimulating hormone receptor and growth hormon gene for sperm abnormalities marker in bali cattle
Abstrak: The use of markers linked to genes of interest in breeding programmes is more intensive, thus shiffing from phenotype based towards genotype-based selection, have been obvious for many decades. However, realization of this potential has been limited by the lack of markers. With the advent of DNA-based genetic markers in the late 1970s, the situation changed and researchers could, for the first time, begin to identify large numbers of markers dispersed throughout the genetic materials of any species of interest and use the markers to detect associations with traits of interest, thus allowing marker assited selection (MAS) finally to become a reality. The study was conducted to identify polymorphism of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Sub-beta Unit Gene (FSH beta-sub unit), Follicle- Stimulating Hormone Receptor (FSH receptor) and Growth Hormon (GH) gene had been explored for Sperm Abnormalities Marker in Bali Cattle. A total of 195 samples for association studied from several AI centre of Indonesia and 301 samples for population studied from cattle development area were collected. The objective of this study was to found genetic marker sperm abnormalities in Bali Cattle using DNA polymorphism tools. This study devided in four parts, the first part was study using PCR-RFLP to identify the polymorphism FSH beta-sub unit, the second study using PCR-SSCP, the third study using PCR-RFLP to identify the polymorphism FSH receptor gene, and the fourth study using the PCR-RFLP to identify GH gene. The result in show that Bali cattle was monomorphic that different from other breeds (FH, Brahman, Simmental and Limousin) that were polymorphic. The highest observed heterozygosity was found in Limousin (0.318) and the highest expected heterozygosity was found in Simmental (0.420). Chisquare value was significantly in FH, Brahman and Simmental. The highest incidence of sperm abnormalities were found in Simmental, Limousin and Brahman, while the lowest was found in FH and Bali. In the secondly study, amplification FSH beta-sub unit gene using PCR-SSCP produced allele A and B, also AA, AB and BB genotypes, but in Bali cattle only allele B and BB genotype were found. The highest of observed and expected herezygosity were found in Simmental (0.372), (0.420) respectively. Chi-square values were significant in Brahman, FH and Limousin. The amplification of FSH receptor in the thirdly study using PCR-RFLP with restriction enzym AluI found polymorphism for all breeds. The highest observed heterozygosity was found in Brahman (0.356) and highest expected heterozygosity was found in Simmental (0.420). The chi-square values were significant in all breeds. PCR RFLP with restriction enzym MspI were used to amplify GH gene in fourth study. Results in gene GH|MspI analysis show that only B allele and BB genotype were found in Bali cattle, these indicate that the gene is monomorphic. The diversity of allele frequencies and genotype GH gene indicate that the frequency of allele A was the highest in Simmental (0.750) and lowest in Bali cattle (0.000), allele B was the highest in Bali cattle ii (1,000) and lowest in Simmental (0.250). The highest observed heterozygosity value was found in Simmental (0.500) and the lowest in Bali cattle (0.000), Chisquare value was significant only
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Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4