Judul: Analisis Willingness To Pay Masyarakat terhadap Pembayaran Jasa Lingkungan Mata Air Cirahab (Desa Curug Goong, Kecamatan Padarincang, Kabupaten Serang, Banten)
Abstrak: Water is one of important elements in human life. Water is also used for a variety of interest such as drinking, cooking, washing, and all other activities that directly relate to human walfare. The purpose of research is to determine the value of willingness to pay (WTP) for community economic instruments, namely payment environmental services, the factors that affect respondents’s willingness to do a payment environmental services and the factors that affect the value of preparedness. Willingness of respondents to pay for environmental services is influenced by several factors, such as the assessment of water quality, the amount of water needs, and the distance to the water source. The assessment of water quality impacts is significant at 90 percent, variable amount of water needs is significant at 95 percent, while variable distance to the water source is significant at 99 percent. WTP value in this research is the value that will be given by the respondents to environmental services generated by Cirahab spring per liter per household. Average WTP is Rp. 101/liter/household, while total WTP is Rp. 83.835/liter. The factors affecting the value of respondents’s WTP are influenced by the assessment of water quality, the amount of water need, the distance to the water source, and the average household income. The assessment of water quality impacts is significant at 90 percent, variable anount of water needs is significant at 95 percent, variable distance to water source is significant at 99 percent, and variable average household income is significant at 90 percent. Once established average WTP value per liter per household has been determined the potential value of water Cirahab spring is calculated by multiplying the average WTP value with the number of respondents environmental services utilization. The value of environmental services by community is around 51.887.305/liter/year that can be generated by 4,94 Ha of land through transfer benefit method. Land should be planted to absorp tree so that the quality water and quantity water of Cirahab spring be sustainable. The potential valus of Cirahab spring was obtained from the multiplication number of environmental services by community with average WTP value, so the potential value of Cirahab spring is Rp. 5.240.617.805/year which is more greater than the cost restoration of forest ecology is Rp. 544.758.500/Ha/year. Key words : water, payment environmental services, willingness to pay, transfer benefit, the cost restoration of forest ecology
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Judul: Penifaian Jasa Lingkungan Air Minum dan Penentuen Prioriias Bantuan Perbaikan Lingkungan (Studi Kasus DAS Citarum, Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: Willingness of community at Citarum watershed to partidpate in improving environmental quality as an effort to reduce impact of dimate change was assessed based on their willingness to pay to environmentd sewices provided by upper watershed communities. Identification of activities that would reduce the involvement of upstream communities to do deforestation and assessment, of vulnerability of downstream communities to climate change was carried out through survey to. household. The illingness to pay was analyzed using Contingent Valuation Methd (CVM) and priority pwmm was analyzed using Analytical Hierarki Process (AHP). Based on CVM analysis it was indicated that the level of willingness of downstream communities to pay the compensation for the environmental sewices (0.g. drinking water) provided by upstream communities depended on their perception and understanding about the important of maintaining forest cover at the upper Citafum watershed and availability of drinking water. If the downstream communities living in the uhan areas often exposed to clean water scarcity problem during dry-season, their willingness to pay for the compensation tended to inmase. Further analysis found that the main factors that motivate mmuniiy to do deforestation at Upper Cirum watershed were to seek new land for agricutture activities and to increase their income. Majority of communities wanted to stop destructing the forest if they have alternative jobs for income generation.
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Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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