Judul: Pemberian Tepung Daun Kemangi (Ocimum basilicum) terhadap Organ Dalam dan Produksi Amonia Ayam Broiler yang Diinfeksi Escherichia coli
Abstrak: Kemangi leaf meal contains essential oils that could overcome digestive problem. In addition there are flavonoid substances in kemangi leaf meal that gives benefits to protect cells and also has antibacterial activity. This research aimed to determine the effects of antibacterial (Escherichia coli) with kemangi leaf meal level by 1%, 2%, and 3%. Experimental design used in this study was completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 3 replications with P0 = standard diet, uninfected E. Coli broiler (positive control); P1 = standard diet, infected E. Coli broiler (negative control); P2 = P1, diet with 1% kemangi leaf meal; P3 = P1, diet with 2% kemangi leaf meal; P4 = P1, diet with 3% kemangi leaf meal; P5 = P1, drink with ampicol antibiotic (1g 2L-1 water). Parameters that observed include digestive organs, visceral organs, levels of ammonia and water content of excreta. The results showed that kemangi leaf meal with a different level (P<0.05) of effect to the intestine, wipe and moisture content of excreta
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Judul: Respon Imunitas Ayam Broiler dan Total Koloni Escherichia coli Terhadap Penambahan Tepung Daun Kemangi (Ocimum basilicum) Dalam Ransum
Abstrak: Ocimum basilicum can be used as an antibacterial compound of colibacillosis (Escherichia coli). This study aims to study the response of Ocimum basilicum supplementation as antibacterial E.coli in the diets to the broiler immune system and total colony of bacterial E. coli in broiler excreta. The experiment used completely randomized design with six treatments and three replications where each plot consisted of 10 broilers. The treatment of diets were R0: control diets, R1: R0 + E. coli infected (control negative), R2: R1 + 1% Ocimum basilicum, R3 : R1 + 2% Ocimum basilicum, R4 : R1 + 3% Ocimum basilicum, and R5 : R1 + antibiotic. The variables observed were total colony of bacterial E. coli in broiler excreta, total number of leukocytes, percentage of differential leukocyte, and percentage of lymphoid organs. The results indicate that the supplementation of Ocimum basilicum reduced total colony of bacterial E. coli in broiler excreta and the supplementation of Ocimum basilicum increased immune system of broiler.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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