Judul: Kelembagaan Lokal Dalam Pengelolaan dan Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Rutan (Kasus Masyarakat Nambluong di Kabupaten Jayapura, Papua).
Abstrak: Sejumlah kajian mengenai pengelolaan sumberdaya hutan dan eksistensi masyarakat telah menjelaskan tentang keberhasilan masyarakat lokal dalam mengelola dan mempertahankan hutan. Beberapa kajian lain memperdebatkan kemampuan masyarakat dalam mendukung pengelolaan hutan berkelanjutan. Kemampuan masyarakat dipandang oleh sebagian peneliti sebagai masalah kelembagaan yaitu bentuk norma/aturan yang dipandang mampu merespon berbagai perubahan maupun efektivitasnya dalam mendukung keberhasilan pengelolaan hutan. Kelembagaan tersebut sangat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi sosial budaya dan lingkungan di suatu tempat serta berbagai pengaruh yang mempengaruhinya (Ostrom 1990; Balland & Platteu 1996; Murray et al. 2006; Yami 2008; Golar 2007; Yeny 2006;Young 2007; Lise 2007). Fokus penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang kelembagaan dalam pengelolaan sumberdaya hutan serta implikasinya terhadap perfo1mansi hutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) mengidentifikasi nilai-nilai dan norma/aturan dalam pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan sumberdaya hutan pada masyarakat Nambluong; (2); menjelaskan implikasi kelembagaan terhadap performansi hutan, utamanya terhadap keberadaan sumberdaya hutan dan kesejahteraan masyarakat; dan (3) mendeskripsikan efektivitas kelembagaan terutama hubungan nilai, norma/aturan dalam pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan sumberdaya hutan. Konsep kelembagaan dari Uphoff (1986) digunakan sebagai kerangka pikir dalam tesis ini. Konsep ini memandang kelembagaan sebagai suatu himpunan atau tatanan norma-norma dan tingkah laku yang biasa berlaku dalam suatu periode tertentu untuk melayani tujuan kolektif yang akan menjadi nilai bersama. Norma dan tingkah laku ini terkait dengan nilai budaya dan aturan-aturan. Selain konsep Uphoff, secara operasional di lapangan digunakan hasil-hasil kajian terdahulu di antaranya: Ostrom (1990) dan Murray et al. (2006), utamanya dalam menganalisis efektivitas kelembagaan terhadap pengelolaan sumberdaya hutan. Penetapan lokasi penelitian dilakukan berdasarkan alasan-alasan: (1) Nambluong merupakan wilayah dengan ekosistem hutan dan sebagian besar masyarakat mencari nafkah dengan memanfaatkan sumberdaya hutan berdasarkan pola-pola yang sama; (2) wilayah adat Nambluong termasuk wilayah yang masyarakatnya mengalami interaksi dengan dunia luar cukup tinggi. Sehingga, aktivitas pemanfaatan sumberdaya hutan akan memberikan konsekuensi terhadap kondisi sumberdaya hutan di wilayah tersebut. Penelitian berlangsung selama 4 ( empat) bulan, dari bulan Agustus sampai bulan November 2011. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, pengamatan, pengukuran lapangan dan studi literatur/dokumen. Wawancara mendalam dilakukan terhadap informan kunci yakni tokoh adat dan pemegang hak ulayat. Wawancara terstruktur terhadap responden yang dipilih secara acak dengan pertimbangan keterwakilan kelompok dan lokasi pemukiman/kampung...dst
Keyword: kelembagaan lokal, pengelolaan hutan, masyarakat Nambluong, performansi hutan

Judul: Kelembagaan Lokal dalam Pengelolaan dan Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Hutan (Kasus Masyarakat Nambluong di Kabupaten Jayapura, Papua)
Abstrak: The objective of this study was to describe the local institution 111 the management of forest resource and its implications for forest performance. This @ dy used a case study method. Data were collected through in-depht interviews, ~ctured interviews, observation and measurement. The result showed that the ~stitutional aspects in the forest management in the Nambluong community (") i-iiclude values, norms and lUles. The value of forest resources refers to the ~thropocentric orientation. The identified systems of knowledge and nOlms are ,rest categorization, cultivation system, descent groups, prohibition of cultivation ~ld cutting down trees at the riverside, prohibition of using certain types of wood, ~ohibition of stealing or destroying villages, farms and forests, as well as the ban ~ selling villages/farm land to outsiders. The lUles on the holding rights of forest ~sources refer to the rights to control and use as well traditional sanctions. These ~hts are based on the system of khinship and traditional leadership. Social & rms and lUle on the rights of the forest resources have implications to the :::::s iiistainable forest resource as the main sources of livelihood for the community. :::::s Qihese implications are demonstrated by the sustainable forest resource to o ~oduction of crops, dusun of sago and timber, which are have a ecologi function. k the secondary and primary forest areas, the measurement of perfOlmance found a good implication in performance. This performance is indicated by the sufficient number or density of plant species, which is of good category with the diversity of plant species at the moderate level. The institutional aspects that are tlUsted, obeyed and practiced in managing and utilizing forest have given the implications of a good management of forest resources. This is indicated by the clarity of tenure limits for the tang groups that have been recognized by the community, thus providing guaranteed security in utilizing forest. The regulation of the l!ilizing rights for the tang members can control the behavior of individuals who ~e forest resources excessively.
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Judul: Photosensor producing based on ferroelectric material of Ba0,5Sr0,5TiO3 doped by Ferrium Oxide (Fe2O3) on a P-Type Silicon Substate Si (100) applied as a digital camera with a single pixel image sensor
Abstrak: Thin film Ba0,5Sr0,5TiO3 (BST) doped with Fe2O3 was grown on p-type silicon substrate (100) using chemical solution deposition (CSD). It used the solvent 2-methoxyethanol with annealing temperature of 850°C and the doping treatment Fe2O3 of 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 % of the mass formed BST. Pure BST had the highest absorption of 600 nm of light wavelength. Additions Fe2O3 moves highest absorption in the range of 560 nm. Fe2O3 addition was strengthening thin film sensitivity to the effects of light. In general, doping Fe2O3 10% was result the best absorbance and current-voltage of BST thin film. Electrical properties of thin films BST include dielectric, photoconductivity, and dissipation energy. Based on the current-voltage (I-V) analysis, pure BST and doped BST showed photodiode properties. Dielectric values obtained in the range from 23.32 to 243. Based on electrical conductivity data and energy dissipation, BST thin films have shown photodiode characteristics and are therefore suitable as light sensors. The image sensor in a digital camera is also a light sensor. This BST thin film has been scientifically proven to be a light sensor and also it can be applied as an image sensor. This is a novelty image sensor based on thin film Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3.
Keyword: barium strontium titanate, thin film, photodiode, image sensor, digital camera