Judul: Aktivitas sediaan gel dari ekstrak lidah buaya (Aloe barbadensis Miller) untuk proses persembuhan luka pada mencit (Mus musculus)
Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui aktivitas tanaman lidah buaya (Aloe barbadensis Miller) dalam bentuk sediaan gel terhadap proses persembuhan luka pada kulit mencit (Mus musculus) melalui pengamatan patologi anatomis dan histopatologis.
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Judul: Aktivitas ekstrak methanol kulit batang singkong, Manihot esculenta Crantz dalam proses persembuhan luka pada mencit, Mus musculus albinus
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas ekstrak methanol kulit batang singkong (Manihot esculenta Crantz) pada proses persembuhan luka sayatan pada kulit. Hewan coba yang digunakan adalah 45 ekor mencit (Mus musculus albinus) strain DDY, berumur 6-8 minggu, yang dilukai pada bagian punggung sepanjang 1-1,5 cm. Mencit-mencit tersebut dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok yaitu kontrol yang tidak diberikan apapun, kelompok 2 yang diberi obat luka komersil (Bioplacenton®), dan kelompok 3 yang diberi ekstrak methanol. Ekstrak dan Bioplacenton diberikan secara topikal pada luka sebanyak 2 kali sehari selama 21 hari. Pengamatan makroskopik luka dan pengambilan sampel kulit untuk pemeriksaan histopatologi luka dilakukan pada hari ke-3, 5, 7, 14, dan 21 pasca perlukaan. Secara makroskopik kelompok ekstrak dan BioplacentonⓇ menunjukan diameter luka, pembentukan keropeng, dan pelepasan keropeng yang lebih cepat dibandingan kontrol. Secara mikroskopik didapatkan bahwa sejumlah neutrofil dan limfosit pada kelompok ekstrak lebih rendah dibandingkan kontrol pada minggu pertama pasca perlukaan. Jumlah makrofag pada kelompok ekstrak lebih tinggi dibandingankan kontrol pada pengamatan hari ke 5 sampai hari ke 21, dan rata-rata nilai skoring pembentukan jaringan ikat pada kelompok ekstrak lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol. Kelompok ekstrak memiliki keefektifan yang sama dengan obat luka komersil untuk mempercepat persembuhan luka. Studi ini untuk pertama kalinya menunjukan bahwa ekstrak methanol kulit batang singkong dapat meningkatkan kualitas persembuhan luka dan pembentukan jaringan ikat.
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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