Judul: Pengaruh Berbagai Metoda Vaksinasi Terhadap Konsumsi Ransum. Konversi, Ransum, Dan Konsumsi Air Minum Ayam Broiler
Abstrak: Dlam peningkatan produksi ternak unggas, pada pronsipnya ada tiga faktor utama yang harus diperhatikan yaitu makna, tatalaksana, dan pemuliaan ternak. Salah satu aspek tatalaksana ternak unggas adalah pencegahan terhadap penyakit-penyakit menular. Hal ini penting dilaksanakan dalam intensifikasi ternak unggas, karena resiko yan diakibatkan penyakit menular sangat besar.
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Judul: Pengaruh Pemberian Vaksin gumboro Yang Dikombinasikan Dengan Vaksin ND/IB (Gabungan) dan Vaksin ND, IB (Tunggal) Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Mortalitas Ayam Broiler
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Fakultas Peternakan Insti- tut Pertanian Bogor selama 6 minggu, dari tanggal 10 Desem- ber 1981 sampai tanggal 23 Januari 1982. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pe- ngaruh pemberian vaksin gumboro (IBD) yang dikombinasikan dengan vaksin ND/IB (gabungan) dan vaksin ND, IB (tunggal), terhadap pertumbuhan, mortalitas dan konversi ransum. Rancangan Percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap, yang terdiri dari lima perla- kuan. Tiap perlakuan terdiri dari tiga ulangan, setiap ulangan menggunakan 32 ekor ayam. Perlakuan pertama IBD, ND/IB, perlakuan ke dua IBD, ND, IB, perlakuan ke tiga ND/IB, perla- kuan ke empat adalah ND, IB dan perlakuan ke lima adalah kon- trol. Vaksin IBD diberikan pada ayam umur satu hari dan vak- sinasi ulang pada umur 10 dan 19 hari. Vaksin ND/IB dan vak- sin ND diberikan pada umur tiga hari, vaksinasi ulang dilaku- kan pada umur 24 hari, sedangkan vaksinasi IB dilakukan pada umur 7 hari dan vaksinasi ulang pada umur 26 hari. Hasil analisa statistik menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan vaksin gumboro yang dikombinasikan dengan vaksin ND/IB (ga- bungan) dan ND, IB (tunggal), vaksin ND/IB dan vaksin ND, IB pengaruhnya tidak nyata terhadap pertumbuhan, mortalitas dan konversi ransum. Dari segi praktis penggunaan vaksin gumboro yang dikom- binasikan dengan vaksin ND/IB atau vaksin ND/IB saja lebih baik dan lebih murah dibanding dengan penggunaan vaksin tung- gal.
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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