Judul: Analisis data landsat ETM+ untuk kajian geomorfologi dan penutup/penggunaan lahan dan pemanfaatannya untuk pemetaan lahan kritis di Kota Cilegon
Abstrak: Excessive activity of land or soil management could have impacts in the form of soil damage and creation of critical land. Such condition occurs in nearly all areas of Indonesia, including Cilegon city. Land is categorized as critical, if at present, it is not productive or not sufficiently productive, from the point of view of agricultural use, because its management and use has insufficient or no consideration on soil conservation principles. Critical land could disturb ecological balance which results in reduction of environmental quality, and further economic disturbance toward the community. The objectives of this research were: 1) analyzing the data of Landsat ETM+ for study of geomorphology and land cover/land use, 2) identification and mapping of critical land, 3) studying the cause of critical land occurrence in its relation with land form and land use, and 4) providing recommendation for reducing the damage on environmental carrying capacity or for reducing critical land. Method of critical land determination referred to that of Departemen Kehutanan RI, (2003) whereas the calculation was performed by overlay analysis with Geographic Information System (GIS). Based on analysis of Landsat ETM+ Imagery, it was obtained that, combination of band 452 constituted the best combination for geomorphological study, whereas combination of band 542 constituted the best combination for study of land cover/land use. Based on calculation of determining factors for critical land, which comprise land cover/land use, slope, erosion level, and land management condition in the research area, the following results were obtained: 1.977 Ha (10,98%) was categorized as critical land, 639 Ha (3,55%) was categorized as somewhat critical, 5.197 Ha (28,87%) was potentially critical, and 10.189 Ha (56,80%) was non critical land. Factors which had much influence on the occurrence of critical land in the research area were morphology of land form (slope), types of land use (mixed garden/dry land farm), and low quality management of land (soil and water conservation practice). Therefore, critical land area occurred much on land form of denudational volcanic cone of Gunung Gede (KVDG), denudational volcanic cone of Gunung Cidanau (KVDC) and denudational volcanic hill (PVD) which had slopes ranging from steep to very steep. Based on field observation results, impacts of industrial activities (gases and chemical wastes) contributed directly and indirectly to the occurrence of critical land. Research on this problem should be conducted further in other occasion. Key words: Landsat ETM+, Geomorphology, Geographic Information System, Land form, Land use, Critical Land.
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Judul: Identifikasi dan Pemetaan Lahan Kritis dengan Menggunakan Teknologi Sistem Informasi Geografis dan Penginderaan Jauh (Studi Kasus di Sub DAS Cisadane Hulu, Kabupaten dan Kota Bogor, Provinsi Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: Watershed degradation in Indonesia is caused by population increase and land-use dan land cover changes. Cisadane watershed is the one of major watershed in which its areas situated across provincial boundary. The watershed is choosen as one of a priority watershed, which is need to be managed well. The purpose of this research are to identify the level of critical land, its area, to identify distribution in the sub watershed of Cisadane‟s upstream and to identify the causal factors of critical land. The research was held on April-October 2012 in the sub watershed of Cisadane‟s upstream. The critical land analysis was determinded by three areas function, thats are protected area, cultivation area, and the outside of protected forest area. The determining parameter of critical land are land cover, slope, erosion‟s risk level, land management, land productivity, and rock outcrops. The scoring value was added to each of parameter and overlayed to each area function. The result showed that the critical land of up stream part of sub watershed of Cisadane consist of several levels. The most severe critical land was about 107,67 hectares (0,25%), the critical area was 1.144,28 hectares (2,66%), and somewhat critical area was 3.177,70 hectares (7,38%), potential critical area mostly was 20.428,60 hectares (47,45%), and non-critical area was 1.612,83 hectares (3,75%). The potential critical land was distributed mostly at protected area (1784.10 hectares) and in cultivation area (726,99 hectares), especially at Caringin District. Whereas the most severe critical land was found at outside of protected forest area (66.61 hectares), especially in South Bogor District. The level of critical land in sub watershed of Cisadane‟s upstream caused by different factors. The causal factors of critical level at protected areas and outside of protected forest area were land cover, slope, erosion‟s risk level, and land management. Whereas the causal factors of critical land level at cultivation area are land productivity, slope, erosion hazard level, land management, and rock outcrops.
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Judul: Antibodi anti-idiotipe sebagai kandidat vaksin rabies, Anti-idiotype andibody as a rabies vaccine candidate
Abstrak: Anti rabies serum (ARS) called antibody 1 (Ab1) was used as the antigen to immunize laying chickens. Anti-Ab1 chicken immunoglobulins (IgY), the antiidiotype antibodies against rabies (Ab2) was isolated from chicken blood every week for ten weeks. The highest titer of Ab2 was found at the third week after the last immunization. Immunoglobulin Y was separated by means of ammonium sulfate precipitation, then dialyzed using PBS pH 8.0 for 24 hours at 2 – 8 oC and purified using affinity chromatography column for IgY lead the proteins molecules with 185,000; 95,000 and 49,000 dalton in weigth. Purified IgY was used to immunize New Zealand White rabbit and the antibody response (Ab3) was detected using Agar Gel Precipitation Test (AGPT). The Ab3 showed specific reaction with Ab2 as well as rabies virus. Interestingly, Ab2 and rabies virus express partial identity reaction. This lead the insight, that not all parts of Ab2 are internal image of rabies virus. The efficacy of Ab3 was detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indicated that the level of Ab3 titer is protective according to WHO standard (more than 0.5 IU/ml). The conclusion of this study is the anti-idiotype antibody can induce protective immune response against rabies virus and can be used as an alternative for rabies anti-idiotype vaccine. Key words : anti-idiotype vaccine, antibody, rabies
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