Judul: Analisis Keragaman Genetik Ganoderma spp. Menggunakan Penanda Molekuler Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)
Abstrak: Information on genetic diversity of Ganoderma spp. as a cause of root rot disease in crops is necessary in the development of protection technique from Ganoderma disease. The objectives of this research is to study the genetic diversity of Ganoderma spp. that associated with cacao and its shade trees (sengon, mahoni, and lamtoro) by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker analysis. DNA amplification using 10 arbitrary oligonucleotide primers produced 220 polymorphic DNA fragments which are 100% polymorphic. The cluster analysis showed that 45 number of Ganoderma samples had a high variability with the coefficient value ranged from 0.71 to 0.91. Further analysis using Winboot software showed that three groups of Ganoderma spp. had a high degree of confidence (>50%), which were Ganoderma samples from sengon Tasikmalaya, sengon Palembang, and mahoni Jember; whereas the other groups of samples had a low degree of confidence (<50%).
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Judul: Identifikasi Ganoderma spp. Menggunakan Teknik DNA Barcoding
Abstrak: Oil palm is one of comodity plantation which is very important. One of the problems faced by the oil palm plantations are disease, namely Basal Stem Rot (BSR) which caused by Ganoderma spp. If plants were attacked by BSR, sooner or later, they would die and the production will decreased significantly. Consequently, in order to have an effective control of Ganoderma, an accurate identification is needed. This could be achieved by molecular techniques through DNA Barcoding method. The aim of this study was to is to find a specific primer for the identification of Ganoderma spp. that attack estate crops and their shade trees. Based on this research, it showed that the primer pair ITS1_F/ITS4_B has a high percentage of the ability to identify isolates of Ganoderma spp. compared with the other primer pairs, which are primer BenA F/ BenA_R, Gan_ITS1_F/Gan_ITS1_R, CO1_PenF1/CO1_PenR1, CO1_B_F/ CO1_B_R, and Gan_ITS2_F/Gan_ITS2_R. The primer pair ITS1_F/ITS4_B had a potential as a DNA barcode for identification of Ganoderma species.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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