Judul: Properties of oriented strand boards made from some species of bamboo
Abstrak: Bamboo is one of lignocellulotic material from non-timber forest product that have great potential as a wood substitution for OSB's raw material. In order to improve physical and mechanical properties of the OSB boards, the bamboo's strands pre-treated by steaming. Steaming pre-treatment was reported could improve dimensional stability and mechanical properties of the boards (Haryadi 2011; Iswanto et al. 2010; Rowell et al. 2002). Adhesive is important element in the manufacture of OSB due to its role as a binder constituent elements of wood. Isocyanate has a lot of advantages, i.e. high reactivity, good bonding strength and high durability, therefore could produce product with high physical and mechanical performance (Kawai et al. 1998). However, its cost that relatively higher than other adhesive based on formaldehyde may limits its utilization in industry. Utilization a mixture of formaldehyde and non formaldehyde adhesive (PF and ISO) with pre-treatment on the strands by steaming was expected contribute on the properties of the boards. In order to determine mechanical properties of the boards, destructive and non-destructive evaluation were taken in this study. The purpose of this study is to develop high quality of OSB that can fulfill the standard in its physical and mechanical properties. The plan of experiments was done by using completely randomized design with two independent variable (Factor A and B). There is also one confounding variable that have no interaction with other variables. Pre-treatment variation (Factor A) is the first factor that consist of 2 levels: steam (a1) and non steam (a2), while the second factor was composition of adhesive on the face, core, and back which consist of 4 levels: 3 layers of strands were bonded by using isocyanate (b1), 3 layers of strands were bonded by using phenol-formaldehyde (b2), face and back layer were bonded by using isocyanate while core layer was bonded by using phenol-formaldehyde (b3), and face and back layer were bonded by using phenol-formaldehyde while core layer was bonded by using isocyanate (b4). Group (C) consist of three different bamboo species, which are bamboo betung (c1), bamboo andong (c2) and bamboo tali (c3). Based on physical evaluation of OSB, the obtained values as follows: density 0.73 – 0.79 gr cm-3; MC 7.19 - 9.53%; TS 24 hours 3.54 – 11.57%; WA 24 hours 21.72 - 39.62%. Whereas from mechanical evaluation was obtained the values as follows: IB 3.52 - 13.82 kgf cm-2, MOR dry // 444 - 925 kgf cm-2, MOR dry ┴ 132 - 256 kgf cm-2, MOR wet // 264 - 612 kgf cm-2, MOR wet ┴ 85 - 187 kgf cm-2 , MOE dry // 50503 - 116044 kgf cm-2, MOE dry ┴ 9436 – 18126 kgf cm-2, MOE wet // 33536 – 9041 kgf cm-2, MOE wet ┴ 6550 – 12839 kgf cm-2. The results of non destructive evaluation (NDE) towards stiffness (MOEd) by using simple regression analysis showed that NDE could not used to estimate Modulus of Elasticity static (MOEs) and Modulus of Rupture (MOR). All parameters evaluated for physical properties of OSB, and almost all parameters for mechanical properties fulfill the standards
Keyword: bamboo, isocyanate, OSB, phenol formaldehyde, steam and non steam.

Judul: Pengaruh kadar perekat MDI dan kombinasi strand terhadap sifat fisis mekanis Oriented Strand Board dari tiga jenis bambu dengan perlakuan pendahuluan perendaman air dingin
Abstrak: Forestry industry is currently experiencing a high slump. This evidenced by the number of industries that shortages supply of raw materials to meet production. Demands of solid wood raw material has been very difficult to find. Therefore, Many of the forestry industry ultimately close out of business. Nowadays, introduced a new innovation of materials and technology of composite product, OSB (Oriented Strand Board). OSB is a structural composite board product produced from the strand-shaped particles and waterproof thermosetting adhesive. OSB is very effective in overcoming the problems of the forestry industry because the raw material criteria is acquired easely, that is using low density wood and small diameter logs. However, the context of natural resources fin efficiency of wood, bamboo have lignoselulosa compound is one of the potential resources that can be used as a raw material substitute for wood in the manufacture of OSB. The variables this study consisted of combination three types of bamboo and levels MDI adhesive. Bamboo that used are Andong, Betung, and Ampel which the code of each row are A, B, and C. OSB board combination consist of two types of bamboo which one kind bamboo as face and back layers, and another one kind as core layer the racio of face, core and back raw is 1:2:1. OSB board made by nine combinations of AAA, ABA, ACA, BBB, BAB, BCB, CCC, CAC and CBC with adhesive consists of concentration levels of 3%, 4% and 5%. Physical properties and mechanical parameters observed included density, moisture content, water absorption, thickness swelling, Modulus Of Elasticity (MOE), Modulus Of Rupture (MOR), adhesion strength (internal bond) and screw holding power. After the OSB boards are sorted in the importance of value, the results of a combination of CBC (Ampel, Betung, Ampel) at 5% adhesive content is the lowest OSB value that is recommended as OSB board with the best quality when compared with the characteristic of OSB properties to other combination of strands and adhesive concentration. But in the efficiency of production cost, the right alternative combination is the combination of CAC (Ampel, Andong, Ampel) with adhesive levels of 3%.
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Judul: Leukemia pada kucing
Abstrak: Leukemia pada kucing adalah suatu penyakit yang sangat patogen, disebabkan oleh sejenis virus. Virus ini dikenal sebagai Feline Leukemia Virus atau FeLV. FeLV ini oleh beberapa ahli dikatakan hanya bersifat ganas pada hewan kucing. Penularannya bisa secara horizontal maupun congenital. Kucing pada semua tingkat umur dapat terserang oleh FeLV ini. Khusus pada bentuk "thymic leukemia", virus ini hanya menyerang anak-anak kucing berumur diba- wah 1 tahun. Kucing-kucing liar atau yang tidak terpeli- hara jarang sekali terinfeksi FeLV. Selain dari serangan virus FeLV itu sendiri, maka penyakit leukemia ini bisa disebabkan oleh beberapa fak- tor yang sudah ada dalam tubuh hewan dan sangat menunjang perkembangan penyakit ini, yaitu antara lain tumor, agen toksik, cedera oleh kecelakaan dan gangguan hemopoiesis. FeLV menyerang sel-sel darah dalam tubuh hewan se- hingga pembentukan darah berjalan tidak normal. Terlihat sel-sel darah yang belum dewasa sudah beredar dalam sir- kulasi darah. Bentuk dan jumlahnya tidak lagi seimbang dalam tubuh hewan kucing tersebut. Gejala klinis antara lain kekurusan, ikterus, anemia, lemah, anoreksia, dyspnoe, sulit menelan, batuk, dan membran mukosa pucat. Selain itu kelenjar pertahanan tubuh juga membengkak, kemudian terjadi hepatomegali, spleenomegali dan pembengkakan pada ginjal. Terbentuk massa tumor pada beberapa tempat. Secara biopsy pada sumsum tulang akan terlihat be- berapa perubahan. Sumsum tulang berwarna merah tua atau abu-abu. Konsistensinya lunak dan terdapat banyak sekali memproduksi sel darah putih. Melalui gambaran darah leukemia ini lebih mudah didiagnosa. Jumlah retikulosit rendah sekali. PCV 8-15%, hemoglobin menurun, sel darah putih (WBC) meningkat, lim- fosit meningkat, Alfaglobulin juga ada peningkatan, dan banyak eosinofil yang belum dewasa beredar dalam darah…dst
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