Judul: Ecobiology and stock dinamic as a base on management of endemic fish bonti-bonti (Paratherina striata Aurich) in Towuti Lake, South Sulawesi
Abstrak: Bonti-bonti (Paratherina striata), is one of endemic and vulnerable fish in Towuti and Mahalona Lake. It should be protected from decreasing of it population due to habitat quality decline and increasing of exploitation. The objectives of this research is to study the spatial and temporal distribution, growth potency (somatic and reproductive), and relationship between exploitation level and stock ability to recover as base management of the fish. This research was conducted in Towuti Lake, South Sulawesi from May 2006 to April 2007. Samples were collected at five stations using experimental gillnet sized 0.625, 0.75, 1.0, and 1.25 inches and bagan (dipnet). The results show that bonti-bonti is dispersing widely from lakeside to the middle of the lake. The highest abundance of the fish are in inlet with sand, gravel, and stone substrat. The highest temporal distribution of the fish abundance in November and December influenced by dissolved oxygen and high water level. The result of covarian and cluster analysis towards standard morphometric character, could be said that male and female at I, II, III, IV, and V stations is similar tendency or predicted from one fish population. Bonti-bonti is kind of partial spawner fish with peak spawning in May and November. Spawning site, nursery site, and feeding site of the fish are in inlet station. Recruitment of the fish each month with the peak estimated in September, October, and November. Growth pattern of male is Lt=20.05 [1-e-1.7(t+0.02)], while female is Lt=20.45 [1-e-2.0(t+0.01)]. Total length of male and female mature gonad (50%) were 16.78 and 14.61 cm, respectively. Pursuant to growth parameters value and matured fish (50%), growth potency of bonti-bonti is still in good condition. Exploitation level of bonti-bonti stock in Towuti Lake indication to over-fishing (male E=0.54 and female E=0.56). The increasing catch effort (unit/month) of bagan tend to reduce the catch productivity. Decreasing of ability of bonti-bonti stock to recover is not caused by the environmental variables, but caused by over exploitation activity.
Keyword: environmental variables, exploitation activity, catch productivity

Judul: Pertumbuhan dan ciri morfometrik-meristik ikan bonti-bonti (Paratherina striata di danau Towuti, Sulawesi Selatan
Abstrak: &an bonti-bonti (Paratherina striuta) rnerupakan salah satu jenis ikan endemik di Danau Towuti. Ikan tersebut hanya terdapat di perairan Danau Towuti dan Danau Mahalona. Masyarakat sekitar -danau tersebut men~anfaatkan ikan bonti-bonti sebagai ikan ko&umsi. Diduga populasi &an ini menurun karena tangkap lebih, sehingga perlu diupayakan kegiatan konservasi untuk inencegah kepunahannya. Peneiitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan dan ciri morfometrik-meristik ikan bonti-bonti di D. Towuti, Sulawesi Selatan.
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Judul: Grup dan Homomorfisma Grup pada Rubik Revenge
Abstrak: Rubik cube is a kind of puzzle game. A player must arrange rubik sides, which have been disordered, back to the position where every side has the same colour. This paper does not focus on the settlement solution, but instead on proving the existence of a group homomorphism between rubik movement group and S96 symmetric permutation group in rubik revenge. Firstly, it has been proved that rubik movement set is a group. Then, it also has been proved that the M set, which contains numeric labels of 1 until 96 in cubinos sides, is S96 symmetric permutation group.
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