Judul: Potensi Ampas Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) sebagai Anthelmintika Alami terhadap Haemonchus contortus melalui Pengujian in vitro.
Abstrak: Penyakit kecacingan pada ternak di Indonesia dapat disebabkan oleh Haemonchus contortus. Penggunaan obat anthelmintika kimiawi secara terus menerus dapat menyebabkan resistensi sehingga diperlukan obat anthelmintika alami yang berasal dari tanaman seperti mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji secara in vitro potensi ekstrak ampas mengkudu sebagai anthelmintika alami terhadap cacing Haemonchus contortus. Ekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dilakukan terhadap buah mengkudu, ampas mengkudu Sentul, dan ampas mengkudu Javanony. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Acak Lengkap pola Faktorial dengan faktor A berupa 4 jenis anthelmintika yaitu Oxfendazole dan tiga jenis ekstrak, faktor B berupa level konsentrasi anthelmintika yaitu 2.5%, 5%, 10%, dan 20% dengan 3 ulangan. Pengamatan terhadap cacing dewasa Haemonchus contortus dilakukan secara in vitro. Peubah yang diamati adalah jumlah kematian cacing dewasa, persentase kematian, Lethal time 50 (Lt50), dan Lethal concentration 50 (LC50). Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ekstrak ampas mengkudu Sentul mengandung senyawa aktif berupa fenolhidrokuinon, memiliki rendemen tertinggi sebesar 15.105% dan merupakan anthelmintika alami terbaik dengan konsentrasi optimum sebesar 14%, dengan Lethal time efektif selama 30 menit dengan mortalitas  95% pada cacing dewasa Haemonchus contortus.
Keyword: anthelmintika, ampas mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.), Haemonchus contortus, in vitro

Judul: Efektivitas Mikorherbal Daun Kemangi sebagai Antelmintik terhadap Haemonchus contortus pada Pengujian In Vitro
Abstrak: Haemonchus contortus merupakan salah satu parasit ruminansia yang patogen dan telah menimbulkan resistensi terhadap pengobatan antelmintik sintetik. Penelitian ini menguji efektivitas antelmintik daun kemangi skala mikron secara in vitro terhadap telur, larva infektif (L3), dan cacing dewasa H. contortus. Efektivitas tiga macam konsentrasi mikroherbal (10, 5, dan 1%) diuji melalui egg hatch assay, larval motility inhibition test, and adult worm motility inhibition assay. Kelompok kontrol negatif menggunakan PBS 10% sementara kontrol positif menggunakan Albendazole 10 mg/ml. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan mikroherbal konsentrasi tertinggi (10%) memiliki efek yang tidak berbeda nyata dengan Albendazole (p>0,05), baik terhadap telur, L3, maupun cacing dewasa. Penghambatan motilitas seluruh cacing dewasa terjadi pada 1-4 jam pertama paparan mikroherbal 10%. Mikroherbal daun kemangi efektif dijadikan antelmintik terhadap berbagai stadium H. contortus., Haemonchus contortus is one of the prevalent and pathogenic ruminant parasites that has grown resistance to common anthelmintic treatment. This study evaluated the anthelmintic effectiveness of Ocimum africanum leaf on a micron scale against H. contortus eggs, infective stage larvae (L3s), and adult worm. The efficacy of three microherbal concentrations (10, 5, and 1 %) were tested through egg hatch assay, larval motility inhibition test, and adult worm motility inhibition assay. The negative control group used 10% PBS while the positive control used Albendazole 10 mg/ml. The results of this study indicated that the highest concentration (10%) of microherbal treatment had an effect that was not significantly different from Albendazole (p>0.05), both on eggs, L3, and adult worms. Adult worms completely immobilized within the first 1-4 hours of exposure to 10% microherbal. Basil leaves in the form of microherbals were effective as an anthelmintic against various stages of H. contortus.
Keyword: anthelmintic, basil leaf (Ocimum africanum), Haemonchus contortus, microherbal

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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