Judul: Distribution and Population Genetic of the Moon Crab Matuta victor (Fabricius, 1781) in Java Island
Abstrak: Kepiting bulan Matuta victor merupakan anggota dari famili Matutidae yang memiliki habitat pantai berpasir dengan distribusi spesies yang luas. Matuta victor merupakan predator bagi invertebrata bentik, sehingga dapat mempengaruhi distribusi dan juga kelimpahan hewan tersebut. Distribusi spesies sangat penting untuk memahami pola keanekaragaman hayati dan menentukan langkah konservasi. Keragaman genetik menjadi salah satu aspek penting dalam penilaian keanekaragaman hayati dan semakin sering dimanfaatkan dalam pelaksanaan konservasi dan manajemen. Namun, penelitian mengenai genetika populasi M. victor masih belum terungkap secara mendalam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keragaman genetik dan struktur populasi M. victor di Pulau Jawa. Sampel dikoleksi dari sepuluh lokasi di Pulau Jawa. Lokasi pengambilan sampel terdapat di Ujung Kulon, Pangandaran, Carita, Tanjung Pasir, Subang, Bancar, Banyuates, Ambunten, Situbondo, dan Banyuwangi. Identifikasi spesies dilakukan berdasarkan karakterisktik morfologi sampel. Identifikasi molekuler dilakukan dengan menggunakan gen COI mitokondria sebagai DNA barcoding. Dari total 91 urutan sekuen M. victor pada 10 lokasi di Pulau Jawa, dihasikan sebanyak 38 haplotipe dengan adanya 60 situs polimorfik yang tersebar di Pulau Jawa. H-1 adalah haplotipe dengan frekuensi tertinggi, terdapat di delapan lokasi. Nilai keragaman haplotipe (Hd) dan keragaman nukleotida (p) masing-masing berkisar antara 0,66667 hingga 1 dan 0,0025 hingga 0,02247. Secara keseluruhan, nilai Hd pada semua lokasi adalah 0,92088 yang menunjukkan keragaman genetik yang tinggi di seluruh populasi yang diteliti. Sedangkan nilai keragaman nukleotida secara keseluruhan pada semua lokasi adalah 0,01845, menunjukkan bahwa meskipun ada variasi genetik di tingkat nukleotida, namun tingkat variasinya rendah. Analisis AMOVA menunjukkan rendahnya tingkat diferensiasi genetik di 10 lokasi (FST = 0,26611). Uji neutralitas menunjukkan adanya potensi ekspansi populasi M. victor di beberapa lokasi di Pulau Jawa. Dengan mempelajari lebih dalam tentang distribusi dan keragaman genetik M. victor diharapkan memberikan informasi dan wawasan untuk upaya konservasi dan manajemen yang lebih efektif. Hasil ini diharapkan menjadi langkah awal yang penting dalam merancang strategi konservasi yang tepat sasaran dan berkelanjutan untuk spesies ini di habitatnya yang beragam di wilayah pesisir Indonesia., The moon crab Matuta victor, a member of the family Matutidae, inhabits sandy beach environments with a broad species distribution. Matuta victor is a predator of benthic invertebrates, which can affect the distribution and abundance of these organisms. Distribution of species is crucial for understanding biodiversity patterns and determining conservation strategies. Genetic diversity is a crucial aspect in assessing biodiversity and is increasingly being utilized in conservation and management. However, research on the population genetics of Matuta victor remains largely unexplored. This study aims to analyze the genetic diversity and population structure of M. victor on the Java Island. Samples were collected from ten locations in Java Island: Ujung Kulon, Pangandaran, Carita, Tanjung Pasir, Subang, Bancar, Banyuates, Ambunten, Situbondo, and Banyuwangi. Species identification was conducted based on the morphological characteristics of the samples, and molecular identification was performed using mitochondrial COI gene as DNA barcoding. From a total of 91 M. victor sequence data across the 10 locations in Java Island, 38 haplotypes were obtained with 60 polymorphic sites dispersed throughout Java. Haplotype H-1 had the highest frequency, present in eight locations. The haplotype diversity (Hd) and nucleotide diversity (p) ranged from 0,66667 to
Keyword: keragaman genetik, COI mitokondria, Matutidae

Judul: Karateristik Habitat dan Beberapa Aspek Reproduksi Kepiting Kelapa (Birgus latro) di Pulau Uta, Propinsi Maluku Utara
Abstrak: Coconut crab (B. latro) is one of crustacea species which has high economic value, but it is considered rare and classified into vulnerable category by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). In Indonesia, the status of this animal population has been not exactly identified, but it has tended to decline because of local people consumption and its habitat quality degradation. Regarding importance of the species resources, thus undestanding its biology and ecology aspects can be applied as the proper management stock and effort of preservation. The research was done in Uta Island on May, July and September with the purpose to analyze the habitat characteristic and gonadal maturation of Coconut Crab on that island. The sampling was taken by kuadran method. The parameter which was analized to understand the habitat. Characteristic and its reproduction aspects such as physical – chemical characteristic of soil, gonadal maturation and plant vegetation analysis. The habitat characteristic was analyzed by using cluster analysis. The result analysis showed that the relation of Length – Weight of male crab is W = 1,93 (CP + r)1,17, while the female is W = 1,97 (CP + r)0,97. Each of those sexual species has allometric growth characteristics. The observation showed that the male did not found in TKG I condition but the female can be found on May (30%) and September (25%) of catch. TKG II was mostly found on male which catched on May in South Station (65%), TKG III was mostly found on female which catched on September in West Station (25%) of catched individu. TKG IV (100%) both male and female where mostly found on July. The different of gonadal maturation levels in all catching times showed that gonadal maturation occured different time for broodstock. The smallest crab which is having gonad maturation was found in length of (CP + r) 66,44 mm. The biggest condition factors of male was found on July and decrease on September, while the highest condition factor of female was found on May that decrease on July, but increase again on September. Generally, sex ratio of male and female is 1 : 1 (avoid deviation). The distribution index showed homogen but tend to have random distribution. There is no different on catch both the amount on level of gonadal maturation. Eventhough, there are different habitat characteristic in every station doesn‟t affect to the catch, both the quantity and level of gonad maturity. The habitat condition in all station for coconut crab to support the sustainability of its activities.
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Judul: Katalis Zink Ferit Tersubstitusi Cu untuk Oksidasi Benzil Alkohol
Abstrak: Katalis berperan dalam menurunkan energi aktivasi. Katalis ZnFe2O4 dan ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu disintesis menggunakan metode kopresipitasi untuk digunakan dalam oksidasi benzil alkohol. Katalis dicirikan dengan spektrofotometer inframerah (FTIR) dan difraktometer sinar-X. Spektrum FTIR menunjukkan puncak serapan dari ikatan Zn-O dan Fe-O masing-masing pada rentang 559‒575 cm-1 dan 419‒447 cm-1. Difraktogram menunjukkan terbentuknya fase tunggal Zn0.6Cu0.4Fe2O4 pada katalis ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu 20%. Benzil alkohol dioksidasi dengan sistem refluks. Konversi benzil alkohol meningkat dengan meningkatnya suhu. Kadar benzaldehida yang dihasilkan dengan katalis ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu 20% lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan katalis ZnFe2O4 yang tidak tersubstitusi dan yang tersubstitusi Cu 60 dan 80%. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa katalis ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu 20% memiliki kinerja yang lebih baik dalam oksidasi benzil alkohol menjadi benzaldehida dengan kadar benzaldehida 8.763%.
Keyword: Benzil alkohol, katalis, oksidasi, ZnFe2O4