Judul: The use of delayed implantation model in the study of hormonal requirement for implantation in the rat
Abstrak: a delayed implantation rat model has been developed. Methode of ovariectomy was described. Ovaiectomy be performed up to the morning of day 4, beyond that ovariectomy was not effective. Injection of Tamoxifen (10 or 50 ug/200 g BW) in the afternoon of either day 4 or day 5 inhibited impantation.
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Judul: The effects of isoflavone-riched soybean flour, Zinc (Zn) and vitamin E on fertility of male rats as animal model, Pengaruh pemberian tepung kedelai kaya isoflavon, seng dan vitamin E terhadap fertilitas tikus jantan sebagai hewan model
Abstrak: The objectives of this research were to (1) evaluate the effects of isoflavone-riched soybean flour, zinc (Zn) and vitamin E on fertility of male rats, (2) evaluate the effects of isoflavone-riched soybean flour with different levels of isoflavone on fertility of male rats. Prior the in vivo experiment, isoflavone-riched soybean flour was defatted using n-hexane. Quantitative analysis of isoflavone on the defatted-soybean flour was conducted by HPLC, while antioxidant activity on the defatted-soybean flour was conducted by DPPH method. Total isoflavone on the defatted-soybean flour (TKI-RL) was considered as the basic concentration that used to calculate isoflavone dosages for the in vivo experiment. Male and female weaning Sprague Dawley rats (21 days old) were used as the animal model in the experiment. On the 1st stage of the experiment, the male rats were given basic diets containing isonitrogen and isocalories with 15% of dietary protein from casein. Thirty male Sprague Dawley weaning rats (21 days old) were divided into six groups and treated with isoflavone-riched soybean flour, Zn and vitamin E in different combination. Isoflavone-riched soybean flour (3mg/day) was given by oral administration, whereas Zn and vitamin E were mixed with the basic diet. The treatment was conducted for 2 month. On the other hand, thirty female Sprague Dawley rats were only given the basic diets containing 15% of dietary protein from casein to observe the fertility of male rats. After 2 months, both male and female rats were mixed (1:1). Vagina swabs on the female rats were taken every morning to evaluate the conception rate and to detect spermatozoa by Giemsa dyes. Once the spermatozoa detected on the female rats (the 1st day of pregnancy, D1), the male rats were sacrificed by dislocation of cervical bones (dislocasio cervicalis), then all the parameters were tested. On the day 15th of pregnancy, the female rats were sacrificed (D15), the conception rates and total fetus were counted.
Keyword: sprague dawley rats, isonitrogen and isocalories, dietary protein, conception rates, total fetus

Judul: Jejaring Sosial Dan Konflik Masyarakat Pedesaan (Kasus Di Pulau Saparua Propinsi Maluku)
Abstrak: Konflik Maluku adalah konflik yang diawali oleh pertikaian antara dua individu berbeda etnis di Kota Ambon. Pertikaian tersebut kemudian melebar menjadi konflik antar pendatang dan penduduk asli. Akhirnya konflik bergeser menjadi konflik bernuansa agama, yaitu antara mereka yang beragama Islam (Salam) dengan Protestan dan Katolik (Sarani). Konflik yang terjadi menyebar sampai ke wilayah lain di luar Pulau Ambon meliputi Pulau-pulau Seram, Buru, Saparua, Haruku bahkan kemudian sampai ke seluruh wilayah Maluku termasuk Maluku Utara. Kejadian konflik berfluktuatif selama hampir enam tahun, sejak tahun 1999 sampai pertengahan tahun 2004. Hasil-hasil penelitian terdahulu menjelaskan penyebab konflik Maluku adalah persaingan penduduk asli dengan pendatang, pertarungan elit lokal Salam dan Sarani dalam memperebutkan posisi di bidang pemerintahan, serta penetrasi Undang-Undang Pemerintahan Desa yang meminggirkan budaya lokal yang hidup dalam masyarakat. Namun hasil-hasil penelitian tersebut, belum menjelaskan penyebab konflik di pedesaan Maluku.
Keyword: Saparua conflict, Ambon conflict, local costumery elites