Judul: The Impact of National Park Zoning Against Livelihood Strategy of Compressor’s Fisherman. (Case in Village of Karimunjawa, Jepara Regency, Central Java
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Karimunjawa, Kecamatan Karimunjawa, Kabupaten Jepara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui menganalisis dampak kehadiran Taman Nasional Karimunjawa berikut dengan zonasi perairan laut terhadap nafkah nelayan. serta menganalisis eksistensi keberadaan zona di lingkungan Taman Nasional Karimunjawa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan kuesioner yang didukung oleh data kualitatif melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam dan penelusuran dokumen yang terkait dengan pembahasan. Responden dari penelitian ini adalah 35 orang yang diperoleh melalui simple random sampling yang diwakili oleh masing-masing ketua kelompok kapal, dari 90 kerangka sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Zonasi Taman Nasional Karimunjawa ditetapkan melalui Surat Keputusan Direktur Jenderal PHKA Nomor: 79/IV/Set-3/2005 tanggal 30 Juni 2005 yang merupakan evaluasi dari penetapan zonasi sebelumnya pada tahun 1999, tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap nelayan kompressor. Padahal nelayan kompressor beroperasi di sekitar pulau-pulau dengan jarak sekitar 50-200 meter dari bibir pantai, untuk mencari ikan diantara batu-batu karang tempat ikan bereproduksi. Ketidaktahuan masyarakat tentang isi dan maksud dari zonasi Taman Nasional menyebabkan maraknya penangkapan ikan di zona inti dan zona perlindungan. Nelayan kompressor merupakan kelompok nelayan yang memiliki resiko tinggi dalam mencari nafkah, namun memiliki penghasilan yang rata-rata lebih tinggi dari nelayan tradisional, yakni rata-rata sekitar Rp 1.956.000 per bulan. Tingkat penghasilan nelayan kompressor sangat ditentukan oleh kapasitas mesin kapal untuk menjangkau wilayah-wilayah yang memiliki stock ikan melimpah, serta kegigihan dari para awak kapal untuk mendapatkan hasil yang banyak.
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Judul: Dinamika Perikanan Karang di Taman Nasional Karimunjawa, Jawa Tengah
Abstrak: Fisheries crisis has been occurred worldwide and become greater in several decades. There is an indication of declining fish stock in Karimunjawa according to the study conducted by The Wildlife Conservation Society Indonesia Program and Karimunjawa National Park Authority. Therefore, this study aimed to assess reef fisheries dynamic, fishing effort dynamic, fisher’s operation strategies, and fisher’s adaptation strategies in response to declining in catch rate. Data were collected from fish landing survey, underwater visual census, and focus group discussion from May to December 2011. Fish biomass was analyzed to obtain the value of maximum sustainable yield. Catch per unit effort and seasonal index were analyzed to obtain fishing effort dynamic. Mean of trophic level was analyzed to describe impact of fishing gear to fish community structure, diversity index was analyzed to describe fishing gear selectivity and descriptive analysis was used for fisher’s tactic and fisher’s adaptation strategies in respond to declining catch rate. The results showed that maximum sustainable yield (MSY) could be predicted from biomass data through equation MSY = 0,724*Biomass + 10,15 indicating heavy fishing pressure and equation MSY = 0,383*Biomass + 5,375 indicating light fishing pressure. All fishing gears used in Karimunjawa were concluded as gears with high diversity index or low selectivity of the catch. Speargun contributed to make the highest catch and catch per unit effort (CPUE) compared to others fishing gears, however handline catches fishes from the highest trophic level, and muroami catches with highest rate per person per trip. According to most fishers, fishing operations strategies were highly influenced by weather conditions. The proportion of fishers that choose to adapt and exit the fishery in concomitant to the decline in catch was increased. The most common adaptation strategies used were reducing fishing effort, changing gears, and move to other fishing grounds. Assessing natural and human system dynamic is essential factors in managing reef fisheries with high consideration to the balance between ecological and socioeconomic factors.
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Judul: Uji sifat listrik dan struktur kristal fotodioda ba0,5sr0,5tio3 dengan variasi pendadahan fe2O3
Abstrak: Ba0,5Sr0,5TiO3 (BST) thin film was doped by Ferium (Fe2O3) has been done with doping variation 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% above the substrate Si (100) p-type using chemical solution deposition (CSD) methods by spin coating technique at 3000 rpm for ± 30 seconds. Ba0,5Sr0,5TiO3 thin film made with 1 M concentration and the annealing temperature by 850oC. The results of current-voltage (I-V curves) characterization shows that the BST thin film and BFST are photodiodes. Electrical conductivity values BST and BFST thin films are in the range of semiconductor materials and obtain the electrical conductivity increased when the higher intensity light is used. The result of the dielectric constant increases with the addition of Fe2O3 doping. SEM results showed that the BST and BFST material is a thin film with thickness of the order 10-6 m. Result of XRD showed that BST and BFST is cubic.
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