Judul: Analisis Daya Saing Dan Faktor-Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Ekspor Ban Indonesia Ke Kawasan Amerika Latin
Abstrak: Industri ban merupakan industri yang berpotensi untuk meningkatkan ekspor Indonesia ke pasar non-tradisional seperti kawasan Amerika Latin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis daya saing komparatif, kompetitif, dan dinamika ekspor ban Indonesia serta faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi ekspor ban Indonesia ke kawasan Amerika Latin. Periode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dari tahun 2009 sampai 2014 dengan menggunakan metode analisis Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export product Dynamic (EPD), Gravity model dan Porter’s Diamond. Hasil penelitian ini adalah ban Indonesia memiliki daya saing yang kuat di kawasan Amerika Latin kecuali di negara Argentina. Selain itu, ban Indonesia memiliki posisi dinamika ekspor yang baik (rising star) di negara Panama, Venezuela, Uruguay, Meksiko, Guatemala, dan Costa Rica. Faktor-Faktor yang memengaruhi ekspor ban Indonesia ke Amerika Latin adalah jarak ekonomi, GDP riil perkapita Indonesia, GDP riil perkapita negara tujuan, nilai tukar riil, dan populasi negara tujuan.
Keyword: Daya Saing, RCA, EPD, Porter’s Diamond, Gravity Model, Ban

Judul: Determinants of Indonesian Tire Exports to the Latin American Region
Abstrak: Kawasan Amerika Latin merupakan kawasan yang memiliki peluang yang besar pada pasar komoditas ban, hal ini terbukti dari meningkatkan permintaan ban dari negara-negara kawasan Amerika Latin. Walaupun demikian, Indonesia hanya berhasil menempati posisi keempat sebagai eksportir ban terbesar di kawasan Amerika Latin setelah China, Thailand, dan India padahal Indonesia memiliki sumber daya yang memadai untuk komoditas ini. Penelitian ini berfokus ekspor komoditas ban (HS 4011) di kawasan Amerika Latin selama periode 2008-2021. Perluasan pasar ekspor tidak hanya bertujuan untuk menjadikan Indonesia sebagai eksportir utama tetapi juga bertujuan untuk menghindari ketergantungan pada pasar negara tujuan utama pada saat terjadi guncangan ekonomi global. Daya saing ekspor ban Indonesia ke kawasan Amerika Latin dianalisis dengan menggunakan RCA, EPD, dan gabungannya melalui x-model, serta analisis gravity model untuk melihat faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi volume ekspor ban Indonesia ke kawasan Amerika Latin. Hasil analisis menunjukkan daya saing komoditas ban Indonesia secara umum memiliki daya saing kuat serta memiliki sifat dinamis yang mencerminkan fleksibilitas dan adaptabilitas komoditas ban dalam menghadapi lingkungan pasar yang berubah-ubah pada pasar kawasan Amerika Latin. Faktor- faktor yang memengaruhi permintaan ekspor adalah jarak ekonomi, pendapatan perkapita negara tujuan, dan indeks harga konsumen., The Latin American region is a region that has great opportunities in the tire commodity market, this is proven by the increasing demand for tires from countries in the Latin American region. However, Indonesia only managed to occupy the fourth position as the largest tire exporter in the Latin American region after China, Thailand and India even though Indonesia has adequate resources for this commodity. This research focuses on tire commodity exports (HS 4011) in the Latin American region during the 2008-2021 period. Expanding the export market not only aims to make Indonesia a major exporter but also aims to avoid dependence on the market of the main destination country when global economic shocks occur. The competitiveness of Indonesian tire exports to the Latin American region is analyzed using RCA, EPD, and their combination through x-model, as well as gravity model analysis to see the factors that affect the volume of Indonesian tire exports to the Latin American region. The results of the analysis show that the competitiveness of Indonesian tire commodities in general has strong competitiveness and has a dynamic nature that reflects the flexibility and adaptability of tire commodities in facing changing market environments in the Latin American market. Factors that influence export demand are economic distance, per capita income of the destination country, and the consumer price index.
Keyword: Amerika Latin, Ban, Gravity Model

Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell