Judul: Morfophysiology responses of Al tolerant and sensitive grasses through to the application of microorganism and soil conditioner
Abstrak: Umumnya lahan yang digunakan untuk penanaman hijauan makanan ternak adalah Tahun kelas IV ke atas yang merupakan lahan-lahan merjinal dengan pH masam. Jenis tanah masam yang paling luas di Indonesia adalah tanah podzolik merah kuning meliputi 10% luasan daratan Indonesia.
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Judul: Physiological adaptation of Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) to aluminum toxicity and phosphorous deficiency in acid soils.
Abstrak: Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) is an ideal crop to be developed as food diversification and source of bioethanol in Indonesia because this crop has high adaptability to be grown in dry lands. From a total of 148.2 millions ha dry land in Indonesia, an estimated are of 108 millions ha are acid soil (ultisols). Acid soils have low fertility and Al toxicity which are major constraints for crop production in acid soil. For sorghum production in acid dry lands, sorghum varieties having high adaptation to acid soil have to be developed. The objectives of this study was to obtain complete information about the physiological adaptation to aluminum toxicity and phosphorus deficiency which can be used as the character selection in breeding program to obtain the tolerant sorghum in acid soils. The genotypes used was Numbu (Tolerant), ZH-30-29-07 (Tolerant), B-69 (sensitive) and B-75 (sensitive) from selected on acid soils in Lampung. The study on physiological mechanism of sorghum adaptation to acid soils has resulted in information that the main limiting factor in soghum growth in acid soil was phosphorous deficiency. Under sufficient P, without liming, the sensitive genotype produced similar yield. The tolerant genotype, Numbu and ZH30-29-07 showed higher ability to maintain root growth under Al stress and P deficiency. The tolerant genotypes also showed higher ability to absorp nutient under low P condition compared to sensitive genotypes. The lowest concentration of 74 μM Al can reduce the growth in all genotypes tested. The longer the sorghum roots exposed to the stress, the higher the value of scoring and the accumulation of aluminum in the roots under Al toxicity. Sorghum genotypes had specific absorption rate was high, but it was not followed by increasing of roots length, roots dry weight and shoot dry weight. Specific absorption rate is more affected by Al stress rather than increasing level of P. Genotype ZH-30-29-07 were tolerant in identified in acid soils showed the moderate response to Al toxicity in nutrient solution. The higher aluminum concentration leading to greater plant growth inhibition. The tolerant genotypes had the internal mechanism (tolerance) in the face under low P condition by increasing the efficiency of internal phosphor (interrelated), otherwise the sensitive genotype had the external mechanism (avoidance) through increased P absorption or total P . There was no relationship between the use efficiency of P with total P content of plant both in testing using the acid soils in rhizotron and nutrient solution.
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Judul: Analisis kompleksitas waktu komputasi algoritma data encryption standard (DES) dan rivest shamir adleman(RSA)
Abstrak: Semakin meningkatnya penggunaan jalur komunikasi data sebagai penghubung untuk melakukan pertukaran pesan atau data menyebabkan metode pengamanan terhadap pesan menjadi amat penting. Suatu metode yang dapat digunakan untuk mengamankan pesan adalah teknik kriptografi, Teknik kriptografi dibedakan menjadi dua, yaitu simetrik dan asimetrik (public-key). Kedua teknik tersebut sama-sama menggunakan suatu kunci (key) untuk mengamankan pesan. Pada tulisan ini akan dibalas algoritma Data Encryption Standard (DES) dari teknik kriptografi simetrik dan algoritma Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA) dari teknik kriptografi public-key. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari dan menganalisis algoritma DES dan RSA untuk menentukan kompleksitas waktu komputasi dari kedua algoritma tersebut. Bila kompleksitas waktu komputasi dari masing-masing algoritma dapat diketahui, maka dapat ditentukan algoritma yang terbaik, ditinjau dari waktu eksekusinya. Hasil dari analisis kedua algoritma menunjukkan bahwa tiga bagian utama algoritma DES, yaitu proses inisialisasi kunci, enkripsi pesan dan dekripsi ciphertext, memiliki kompleksitas waktu berturut-turut O(1), O(n) dan O(n), dengan n adalah ukuran pesan, sedangkan pada algoritma RSA, proses inisialisasi kunci, enkripsi pesan dan dekripsi ciphertext menunjukkan kompleksitas waktu berturut-turut O(B),O(n) dan OB), dengan adalah ukuran pesan dan B adalah panjang representasi bit bilangan bulat. Jadi secara keseluruhan algoritma DES berjalan relatif lebih cepat dari algoritma RSA.
Keyword: computation