Judul: Kajian Karakterisasi Permen Jeli dari Campuran Rempah – Rempah dan Penentuan Umur Simpannya
Abstrak: The demand for healthy food tends to increase every year along with the growth of public concern on health. Foods consumption, include jelly candy, is not only for daily nutrition needs but also for improving body health. Jelly candy has potency to be developed as a functional food contained dietary fiber, and enhance the flavor and functional properties by adding spices extract mixture. This study aims to obtain a selected jelly candy formulation made from carrageenan and konjac with a spices flavor and determine the physicochemical properties and functional characteristics of the selected product. Furthermore, selected jelly candy shelf life was determined by modified critical moisture content method. In first step, two formulas of spices extract mixture (formula A and formula B) were made. Formula A contained ginger, sappan wood, cinnamon, long pepper and lemongrass while formula B consisted of nutmeg, black pepper, anise, cloves and pandan leaves. These two formulas were used by combining concentration of mixture in 10, 15, and 20%. The jelly candies were coated by edible film which is made from carrageenan. Based on hedonic rating test results, antioxidant capacity and total phenolic compound, selected formula A was jelly candy with 15 % and the formula B was 20 % of added spices extract. Formula A with 15% spices extract had antioxidant capacity of 360.67 mg AEAC/g, total phenolic compound 96.43 mg GAE/g, 4.37 g of total carbohydrate and 0.37 g of dietary fiber per serving (4.5 grams). Formula B with 20% spices extract had 229.46 AEAC of antioxidant capacity, total phenolic compound 317.80 GAE, 4.43 g of total carbohydrate and 0.36 g of dietary fiber per serving (4.5 grams). Shelf life of selected jelly candy at RH 80 % storage using oriented polypropylene (OPP) plastic packaging showed that formula A was 4.4 months and formula B was 4.6 months. This jelly candy had potency to be developed as a functional food because of its dietary fiber content and antioxidant capacity.
Keyword: antioxidant, spices, conjac, carrageenan, jelly candy

Judul: Pembuatan Permen Jelly dari Karagenan dan Konjak dengan Aplikasi Prebiotik Xilo-Oligosakarida
Abstrak: The functional food’s consumption is growing rapidly. One of the functional ingredients is Xilo-oligosaccharides (XOS). In this study XOS was added to jelly candy which used carrageenan and konjac as gelling agent. Carrageenan and konjac was used as alternative gelatin substitute. The objective of this research is to study the influence of gelling agent (carrageenan, konjac, mixture of carrageenan and konjac), ratio of carragenan and konjac (1:1, 2:1, 3:1) and concentration of xilooligosaccharide used (3%,4%, 5%) to the physical and sensory characteristics of jelly candy. This research is divided in two steps, preliminary and main research. Preliminary research consists of formulation and selection of the best formula for the main research. The best formula is formula with 1.5% gelling agent, 20% sugar, 5% glucose, 0.2% citric acid, 0.1% flavor, 0.001% colorant, 73.2% water and sugar coating. Main research consists of texture, sensory, proximate, and XOS content analysis. The optimum jelly candy from texture and sensory analysis is jelly candy with mixture of carrageenan and konjac (1:1) and 5% XOS. The jelly candy has the hardness of 166.28 gf, elasticity 1.00, and stickiness 132.95 gf. The result of proximate analysis showed that jelly candy has 10.37% water content, 0.35% ash content, 1.00% fat content, 0.96% protein content, and 87.32% carbohydrates content (by difference). The XOS anlalysis show that the jelly candy contain 15.17% XOS.
Keyword: 

Judul: Theileriosis pada domba dan kambing akibat infeksi theileria ovis dan theileria hirci
Abstrak: Theileriosis adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan Boleh protozoa dari genus Theileria dan ditularkan melalui vektor caplak. Theileria ovis dan Theileria hirci pernah dimasukkan dalam genus Gonderia sehingga penyakit yang disebabkan oleh penyakit ini mempunyai beberapa nama diantaranya Benign Ovine and Caprine Gonderiosis atau Benign Ovine and Caprine Theileriosis (disebabkan oleh infeksi Theile- ria ovis). Sedang yang disebabkan oleh infeksi Theileria hirci diberi nama Malignant Ovine and Caprine Gonderiosis Malignant Ovine and Caprine Theileriosis (Levine, 1961). Soulsby (1982) dan Jensen (1983), memasukkan Theileria hirci dan Theileria ovis dalam genus Theileria, famili Theileriidae, ordo Piroplasmida, subklas Piroplasmia dan dalam kelas Sporozoa. Menurut hasil pemeriksaan theileriosis pada domba dan kambing di Indonesia periode 1 April 1981 sampai 31 Maret 1982 di Propinsi Sumatera Barat di Daerah Tingkat II Pasaman Kecamatan Talamun ditemukan pada 2 ekor kambing kacang, Kecamatan Sungai Beremas ditemukan pada 3 ekor kambing kacang dan di Daerah Tingkat II Padang Pariaman, Kecamatan Pariaman ditemukan pada 1 ekor kambing kacang (Informasi Keswan, 1982). Daerah penyebaran Theileria ovis yang pernah dilapor- kan adalah Afrika Tengah, Afrika Barat, Afrika Timur, Afrika Selatan, Perancis, Jerman, Hongaria, Sardinia dan diduga India. Sedangkan penyebaran Theileria hirci meli- puti Afrika Utara, Eropa Selatan, Irak dan Turki. Bentuk Theileria ovis dan Theileria hirci pada domba dan kambing dalam eritrosit disebut piroplasma dan bentuk dalam limfosit disebut Koch bodies atau skizon. Bentuk dalam vektor caplak adalah zigot dan kinet. Di dalam eritrosit parasit ini mempunyai beberapa macam bentuk yaitu, bentuk bulat, oval, batang, bentuk buah pir atau koma dan bentuk seperti anaplasma. Bentuk dalam limfosit berupa skizon yang terdiri dari makroskizon dan mikroskizon. Penularan Theileria ovis dan Theileria hirci dari hewan satu ke hewan lain secara alam dilakukan oleh vektor caplak secara stage to stage. Vektor dari Theileria ovis adalah caplak dari genus Rhipicephalus, Dermacentor, Hae- mophysalis dan Ornithodorus. Sedangkan vektor dari Thei- leria hirci yaitu caplak dari genus Rhipicephalus dan di- duga Ornithodorus. Penularan secara buatan dapat dilakukan dengan cara mekanik (penyuntikan dengan aplikasi intravena, subkutan dan intraperitoneal)…dst
Keyword: