Judul: Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula dan Keberadaan Inangnya Dapat Memperbaiki Pertumbuhan Kedelai Organik
Abstrak: Soybean (Glycine max (L) Merrill) is one of the food crops as a source of vegetable protein. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of rates of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and the existence of sorghum, as an AMF host, on the growth and production of organic soybean. AMF was applied to each planting hole of soybean based on four different rates of 0, 1, 2, 2.5 g AMF hole-1. The existence of sorghum plant on the soybean plots, consisted of the presence and absence of sorghum in the plot. Both treatments were combined in nested design. Rates of AMF, in general, affected the growth and some yield components of soybean. Maximum growth was achieved at the rate of 2.08 g AMF hole-1. Soybean production was expected to increase in rate of more than 2.5 g AMF hole-1. Soybean productivity based on AMF rates were not significantly different, they were 1.35, 1.08, 1.04, and 1.15 ton ha-1 for 0, 1, 2, 2.5 g AMF ha-1, respectively. Without sorghum, soybean productivity was higher than that with the presence of sorghum, they were 1.25 and 1.05 ton ha-1, respectively. Improper placement of sorghum in the plot might have resulted in competition with soybean
Keyword: Sorghum bicolor, root infection, Glomus, Gigaspora, Acaulospora

Judul: Pengaruh Perlakuan Benih dengan Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula dan Dosis Pupuk Fosfat terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman dan Hasil Kedelai.
Abstrak: The objective of this research was to axamine the influence of application Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Fertilizer Fosfat to efficiency fertilizer P, gowth plant, and yield of soybean. This research was conducted from April to July 2010 at Agomikrobiologi Laboratory, Bioteknologi, BPPT PUSPIPTEK Serpong and Leuwikopo experimental field of Bogor Agicultural University. The experiment was arranged split plot design with two factors, dose fertilizer P and application FMA. The results of research showed that application FMA with coat and glue (I2) is a best treatment. This treatment increased gowth of plant, total of leaf, wet weight and dry weight of crown, wet weight of root, total and wet weight of root nodule, percentage of root infection, total of spore, and wet weight and dry weight of pod. The treatment of application FMA with coat and glue increased efficiency Fertilizer Fosfat as big as 75 % or be economized fertilizer P as big as 300 kg SP-18/ha. Application FMA in this research efectif in low dose fertilizer P, that is 100 kg SP-18/ha.
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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