Judul: Effects of Implementation of Recirculating System on Survivability in Polyculture of Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) with Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Abstrak: Produktivitas budidaya udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) dapat ditingkatkan dengan menerapkan budidaya polikultur udang vaname dengan ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) pada sistem resirkulasi. Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh penggunaan ikan nila pada polikultur udang vaname, serta penerapan sistem resirkulasi dalam budidaya polikultur udang vaname dan ikan nila dengan rasio tebar udang vaname:ikan nila dan bobot awal yang berbeda. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode studi pustaka. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara menganalisis berbagai sumber pustaka berupa jurnal ilmiah terkait penerapan sistem resirkulasi pada polikultur udang vaname dan ikan nila. Penggunaan ikan nila dalam polikultur udang vaname dapat meningkatkan sintasan dan pertumbuhan udang vaname. Selain itu, penggunaan rasio tebar dan bobot awal yang tinggi pada sistem resirkulasi dapat menurunkan produktivitas budidaya polikultur udang vaname dan ikan nila., The productivity in whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) culture can be increased by implementing the polyculture of whiteleg shrimp and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in a recirculating aquaculture system. This research aims to evaluate the effects of Nile tilapia usage in polyculture of whiteleg shrimp, and the implementation of recirculating aquaculture system in polyculture of whiteleg shrimp and Nile tilapia with different whiteleg shrimp:Nile tilapia ratio and initial weight. This research was conducted by literature study. This research was done by analyzing various literary sources such as scientific articles on implementation of recirculating system on polyculture of whiteleg shrimp and nile tilapia. The usage of Nile tilapia in polyculture with whiteleg shrimp increases the survivability and growth of whiteleg shrimp. Also, the usage of higher fish ratio and initial weight in recirculating aquaculture system may reduce the productivity of polyculture of whiteleg shrimp and Nile tilapia. Keyword: polyculture, recirculating aquaculture syst
Keyword: polyculture, recirculating aquaculture system, survivability

Judul: Feed Utilization and Growth Performance of Vannamei Shrimp Raised in Biofloc Systems with Different Management
Abstrak: ABSTRAK ARASY PASANDIA. Kinerja Pemanfaatan Pakan Dan Pertumbuhan Pada Udang Vaname yang Dipelihara dalam Sistem Bioflok dengan Manajemen yang Berbeda. Dibimbing oleh JULIE EKASARI dan DEDI JUSADI. Pemanfaatan pakan pada pemeliharaan udang dengan sistem bioflok dapat dipengaruhi oleh kepadatan bioflok yang tersuspensi dalam air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja pemanfaatan pakan dan pertumbuhan udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) yang dipelihara dengan sistem bioflok dengan manajemen kepadatan bioflok yang berbeda. Penelitian menggunakan dua macam perlakuan manajemen bioflok yang berbeda yaitu melalui penggunaan settling tank dan drum filter. Udang yang digunakan dalam penelitian memiliki bobot 4,6±0,14 g yang ditebar dalam bak fiber berdiameter 2,5 m dengan ketinggian air 73 cm. Udang ditebar sebanyak 151 ekor/m3 kemudian dipelihara selama 84 hari. Pemberian pakan dilakukan secara restricted dengan menentukan feeding rate yang didasarkan pada bobot rata-rata udang pada saat sampling. Komposisi proksimat bioflok relatif sama antar kedua perlakuan, namun penggunaan manajemen bioflok yang berbeda menghasilkan kepadatan dan karakteristik bioflok yang berbeda dan berpengaruh terhadap nilai rasio konversi pakan (RKP), retensi protein, dan pertumbuhan udang. Nilai RKP udang yang dihasilkan pada perlakuan manajemen bioflok dengan settling tank sebesar 1,79 lebih kecil daripada perlakuan drumfilter sebesar 2,07, sebaliknya nilai retensi protein pada udang yang dipelihara dengan settling tank (28.09%) lebih tinggi daripada drumfilter (22,37%). Sementara nilai pertumbuhan bobot harian pada perlakuan settling tank sebesar 0.22 g/hari dan drumfilter sebesar 0.19 g/hari. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa manajemen bioflok dengan menggunakan settling tank menghasilkan pemanfaatan pakan dan pertumbuhan udang yang lebih baik daripada drumfilter. Kata kunci: bioflok, drumfilter, settling tank, kekeruhan, udang vaname, ABSTRACT ARASY PASANDIA. Feed Utilization and Growth Performance of Vannamei Shrimp Raised in Biofloc Systems with Different Management. Supervised by JULIE EKASARI and DEDI JUSADI. Utilization of feed in shrimp rearing with a biofloc system can be influenced by the density of biofloc suspended in water. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of feed utilization and growth of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) reared in a biofloc system with different biofloc density management. The study used two different types of biofloc management treatments, namely through the use of settling tanks and drum filters. The shrimp used in this study weighed 4.6 ± 0.14 g which were stocked in a fiber tub with a diameter of 2.5 m with a water level of 73 cm. Shrimp stocked as many as 151 shrimps / m3 then reared for 84 days. Feeding is done on a restricted by determining the feeding rate based on the average weight of the shrimp at the time of sampling. The composition of the proximate biofloc was relatively the same between the two treatments, but the use of different biofloc management resulted in different density and characteristics of the biofloc and affected the value of feed conversion ratio (RKP), protein retention, and shrimp growth. The RKP value of shrimp produced in the treatment of biofloc management with a settling tank of 1.79 is smaller than that of the drumfilter of 2.07, on the other hand the value of protein retention in shrimp reared with a settling tank (28.09%) is higher than that of a
Keyword: biofloc, drumfilter, settling tank, turbidity, vannamei shrimp

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
Keyword: