Judul: Yield Test Strain Mutant Elephant Grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach) in Lowlands
Abstrak: Rumput gajah (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach) cv. Ciawi Dua merupakan salah satu tanaman pakan ternak yang banyak dikembangkan di Indonesia sebagai sumber hijauan pakan ternak ruminansia. Namun demikian rumput jenis ini belum bisa beradaptasi baik pada lingkungan kekeringan tinggi yang umumnya terjadi di daerah dataran rendah sehingga daya hasil hijauan menurun karena kondisi lingkungan fisik tanah dan iklim yang tidak mendukung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi keunggulan galur-galur mutan rumput gajah. Bahan tanam yang diuji dalam penelitian ini adalah 7 galur mutan rumput gajah koleksi BB Biogen dan 1 galur mutan rumput gajah kultivar Ciawi Dua sebagai kontrol. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Dusun Ceruk Dendeng, Desa Lulut, Kecamatan Klapanunggal, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat dari bulan Juni sampai Oktober 2020. Variabel yang diamati adalah jumlah anakan, panjang batang, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang daun, lebar daun, panjang ruas, diameter batang, bobot panen per tanaman, dan bobot panen total. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) dengan satu faktor yaitu galur mutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa galur mutan kontrol/asli secara umum lebih baik daripada galur-galur mutan rumput gajah hasil pemuliaan in vitro berdasarkan seluruh aspek pengamatan. Galur M6 dan M5 berpotensi untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut karena memiliki karakter yang lebih baik dibanding galur lainnya selain galur kontrol., The elephant grass (Pennisetum pupureum Schumach) cv. Ciawi Dua is one of the most developed forage crops in Indonesia as a source of feed for ruminants. However, this grass has not been able to adapt well to the drought environment which generally occurs in lowland areas so that crop yields can decrease due to unfavorable physical soil and climatic conditions. This study aimed to determine the potential advantages of elephant grass mutant lines. The genetic materials tested in this study were 7 mutant lines of BB Biogen elephant grass collection and 1 mutant line of elephant grass cultivar Ciawi Dua as a control. The experiment was carried out in Ceruk Dendeng Hamlet, Lulut Village, Klapanunggal District, Bogor Regency, West Java from June to October 2020. The variables observed were number of tillers, stem length, plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, internode length, stem diameter, sample harvest weight, and total harvest weight. The research design used was a completely randomized group design with one factor, namely mutant line. The results showed that the control/native mutant lines were generally better than the elephant grass mutant lines from in vitro breeding based on all aspects of observation. Two lines have the potential to be developed further because they have better characters than other lines besides control line.
Keyword: mutant line, forage, elephant grass

Judul: Advance Yield Trial of the Promising Mutant Lines of Gajah Mungkur Upland Rice
Abstrak: Pemuliaan tanaman adalah kegiatan yang dilakukan untuk memperbaiki karakter tanaman yang diwariskan pada suatu populasi baru dengan sifat genetik baru. Terdapat beberapa metode dalam pemuliaan tanaman seperti metode introduksi, persilangan, bioteknologi, dan mutasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji daya hasil dan komponen hasil dari 10 galur mutan harapan padi gogo Gajah Mungkur. Penelitian ini dilaksankan di Kebun Percobaan PAIR-BATAN, Lebak Bulus, Jakarta Selatan pada bulan April sampai Agustus 2021. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) satu faktor dengan tiga ulangan. Galur yang diuji sebanyak 10 galur dengan dua varietas pembanding yaitu varietas Gajah Mungkur dan Limboto. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produktivitas galur PMG-04-Psj, dan PMG-06-Psj cenderung lebih tinggi dibandingkan varietas pembanding Gajah Mungkur. Jumlah anakan produktif galur PMG-01-Psj, PMG-02-Psj, PMG-04-Psj, dan PMG-06-Psj berbeda nyata lebih tinggi dibandingkan varietas Gajah Mungkur dan tidak berbeda nyata dari varietas Limboto. Komponen hasil untuk karakter panjang malai dan jumlah gabah per malai galur PMG-02-Psj, PMG-04-Psj, dan PMG-06-Psj nyata lebih tinggi terhadap varietas Gajah Mungkur tetapi nyata lebih rendah terhadap varietas Limboto. Selain itu, karakter bobot 1000 butir padi galur PMG-04-Psj dan PMG-06-Psj tidak berbeda nyata terhadap varietas Gajah Mungkur dan berbeda nyata lebih tinggi terhadap varietas Limboto., Plant breeding is an activity carried out to improve the character of plants which is carried out at a certain time with new characteristics. There are several methods in plant breeding such as introduction, crossbreeding, biotechnology, and mutation methods. This study aimed to examine the yield and yield components of 10 promising mutant lines of upland rice Gajah Mungkur. This research was carried out at the PAIR-BATAN Experimental Garden, Lebak Bulus, South Jakarta from April to August 2021. The experiment used a one-factor randomized complete block design (RKLT) with three replications. There were 10 lines tested with two comparison varieties, namely Gajah Mungkur and Limboto varieties. The results showed that the productivity of the lines PMG-04-Psj, and PMG-06-Psj tended to be higher than the comparison variety Gajah Mungkur. The number of productive tillers of the PMG-01-Psj, PMG-02-Psj, PMG-04-Psj, and PMG-06-Psj lines was significantly higher than the Gajah Mungkur variety and not significantly different from the Limboto variety. Yield components for panicle length and grain count per panicle of PMG-02-Psj, PMG-04-Psj, and PMG-06-Psj lines were significantly higher for the Gajah Mungkur variety but significantly lower for the Limboto variety. In addition, the weight character of 1000 grains of rice lines PMG-04-Psj and PMG-06-Psj was not significantly different from the Gajah Mungkur variety and significantly higher to the Limboto variety.
Keyword: mutasi induksi, padi gogo, produktivitas, induced mutation, productivity, upland rice

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
Keyword: