Judul: Estimasi Kerugian Ekonomi Akibat Banjir Sungai Pesanggrahan di Pemukiman Kedoya Selatan Jakarta Barat
Abstrak: The overflow of Pesanggrahan river is one of the main cause of flood in Kebon Jeruk area, West Jakarta. It causes loss that affects people in the impacted area. There for, the government has conducted river normalization program. This program needs additional land, thus, residents in the area need to be relocated. Most of people are objected to be relocated, and it becomes serious problem for the program. Based on the explanation, the objective of this research are to study residents’ perception towards Pesanggrahan river flood danger risk, to estimate direct and tangible financial loss value in housing sector, and to identify factors that influence residents’willingness to be relocated. Cross section data is obtained through survey that is conducted to 70 respondents in South Kedoya, and multistage random sampling is applied to choose the respondent from all population. Data analytical method consists of Spearman corelation, Stage Damage Function (SDF) application, and logistic regression analysis. The result shows that there is a weak corelation between people’s perception towards the consecuencies happened in the future, with people’s perception in conducting flood mitigations. Beside that, the loss value that have to be bear by each family in the riverside, and in South Kedoya, during January 17th – 19th, 2013 are IDR 3 936 332 and IDR 4 070 167 288 accordingly. If it was assumed that Pesanggrahan river’s normalization program could decrease flood’s depth up to 50%, so total losses value will decrease to 14 %. Aside that, if it was assumed that this normalization program could decrease flood’s duration up to 50%, so total losses value will decrease to 31 %. The number of respondent who agrees to be relocated is 57.1%, and 42.9% refuses. The factors that affect resident willingness to be relocated are house width and the number of family member.
Keyword: stage damage function, relocation, financial loss, estimation, flood

Judul: Estimasi Kerugian Banjir Sungai Pesanggrahan pada Kawasan Perumahan di Jakarta Selatan.
Abstrak: Ulujami and Kebayoran Lama Utara urban village are the two villages in South Jakarta, that passed by the Pesanggrahan River. The overflowing of the river was a reason of floods in the two areas. The government is running the river normalization program as form of adaptation action of the upcoming flood. Residential areas is one of the areas which was affected by the Pesangggrahan River flood. The general objective of this research was to estimate the number of the loss experienced by the flood in order to make a future scenario with different flood and to measure the benefits of flood protection. The specific objective of this research was to analyze the value of flood losses, reduction of flood losses from the normalization program, risk perception, and community and government adaptation in facing the flood. The method of this research was descriptive analysis, Spearman correlation, and Stage Damage Function (SDF). The result showed that respondents have a low perception of the flood mitigation efforts, although the perception of the consequences of flood was high. Public perception of the expectations of government policy in flood mitigation effort was also high. Flood loss was significantly influenced by the duration of the flood, the frequency of flood occurrence, house size, and household income. Based on estimates, the loss per household was Rp 3 922 300 and the total loss of the two villages was Rp 2 529 883 500. After the normalization program, estimated losses would be reduced by 34.58%. The interview showed that 60% of respondents answered they would do the preparatory adaptation action of flood and 40% answered they would not do the adaptation effort. Adaptation measures against flood by the government, one of which was the Pesanggrahan normalization program.
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Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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