Judul: Label Cerdas Indikator Warna dari Ekstrak Kubis Merah (Brassica oleracea).
Abstrak: Smart packaging is an indicator, either it is placed internally or externally in the food packaging to provide information about the quality of the product packed. One of the most popular nowadays is in the form of film made from PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) with additional natural dyes as its indicator. The purpose of this research was to study and develop smart packaging made from PVA and red cabbage extract as the natural dyes and figure out the best formulation as well as to study the film coloring technic. First step was the red cabbage color extraction conducted in methods namely: 1) boiling, 2) crushing in a blender, and 3) solvent extraction using 98% ethanol; while the selected process was by boiling for 7 minutes resulting extract with pH of 6.21 and anthocyanin content of 25.02 mg per 100 gram red cabbage. Afterwards, film preparation with PVA powders formulations applied as following: 3 g (w/w), 3.5 g (w/w) and 4 g (w/w); while the best film resulted with thickness of 0.15 mm, tensile strength of 2.64 kgf/mm² and elongation of 210% shown by 3.5 g PVA powder film formulation. Film formulation technique by mixing method produced colorless film, whereas tinting method showed more uniform and stable colored film. Indicator film color measurement for room, cooler and freezer temperature showed L determination coefficient were 0.782, 0.418 and 0.066, respectively; a* value of 0.7975, 0.5880 and 0.7179, respectively; and b* value of 0.8393, 0.4534 and 0.3631, respectively. oHue linier equation revealed high determination coefficients of 0.8536, 0.6586 and 0.8061, respectively. Rising storage temperature lead to increase in ohue value, and the longer storage time the higher ohue value.
Keyword: PVA film, red cabbage dye, smart packaging

Judul: Pembuatan Kemasan Cerdas Indikator Warna dengan Pewarna Bit (B. vulgaris L. var cicla L.).
Abstrak: Smart packaging is indicator packaging which can be placed internally or externally in the food packaging. This packaging can provide information regarding the state of packaging and product quality in it. The development of smart sensor in food packaging was continuously performed. The development of which is being done, that is a smart packaging with the form of film which given additional color as an indicator. The purpose of this research is to study and develop smart packaging by addition of natural dyes as well as studying the response of coloring in the piece as an indicator of film colors due to changes in storage conditions. Preliminary research has been conducted in order to obtain the best way of coloring on the film of chitosan as an indicator through brushing it as much as 6 ml per 400 cm2. The main research was done by observing the change color, weight loss, and thickness of sheet films in the storage temperature of the refrigerator 3-5ºC, freezer -5-(-10)ºC, and sun exposure. At a temperature of 3-5ºC and temperatures of -5-(-10)ºC, the film undergone a color change after 30 hours of storage, for sun exposure after 3 hours of storage. The Chromameter L,a,b value, weight loss and thickness was compared with storage conditions using a linear equation model. The measurement of color film produced determination coefficient L,a,b value of sun exposure were 0.664, 0.960, 0.937 respectively. Moreover, temperatures of 3-5ºC were 0.494, 0.356, 0.283, and 0.072, 0.388, 0.247 for the temperature of -5-(-10)ºC. At sun exposure, temperatures of 3-5ºC, and temperature of -5-(-10)ºC resulted on the thickness of determination coefficient as much as 0.407, 0838 and 0.720, while the measurement of the weight loss produced determination coefficient were 0.543, 0.490, and 0.272.
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Judul: Karakteristik Anatomi Skelet Kepala Buaya senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii).
Abstrak: Buaya sepit atau senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii) merupakan jenis buaya asli Indonesia yang berhabitat di sungai-sungai Sumatera, Kalimantan, dan juga pedalaman Sulawesi. Salah satu ciri khas buaya senyulong adalah bentuk moncong yang runcing dan sempit, namun hingga saat ini informasi mengenai struktur skelet kepala buaya senyulong sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik anatomi skelet kepala buaya senyulong yang dikatikan dengan fungsi dan perilakunya. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksploratif dengan melakukan pengamatan, pencatatan, dan pengambilan gambar dari skelet kepala buaya senyulong. Skelet kepala berukuran panjang 70 cm, lebar 29 cm, dan tingggi 17 cm dengan permukaan kasar pada os nasale, os frontale, os maxilla, os mandibula, os lacrimale, os jugale. Jumlah gigi pada buaya ini sebanyak 78 buah, terdiri dari 4 buah gigi premaxila, 16 buah gigi maxila, dan 19 buah gigi mandibula. Pada regio orbitalis ditemukan dua pasang fenestrae temporales yang berkembang baik. Fenestra supratemporale merupakan lubang oval yang membentang di sepanjang os parietale. Fenestra infratemporale berbentuk segitiga dan dibatasi oleh os squamosum, os postorbitale, os jugulare, dan os quadratum. Os mandibula hewan ini mempunyai symphysis mandibularis yang panjang yaitu garis yang melintang di corpus mandibulae. Secara fungsional ukuran symphysis mandibularis berkaitan dengan adaptasi hewan terhadap diet makan.
Keyword: kepala, moncong, Tomistoma schlegelii