Judul: Analysis of agricultural extension institutions in the province of Riau
Abstrak: Sejak diberlakukannya Undang-undang Republik Indonesia No. 22 tahun 1999 yang diamandemen dengan UU No. 32 tahun 2004 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah, Undang-Undang nomor 16 tahun 2006 tentang Sistem Penyuluhan Pertanian dan Peraturuan Pemerintah No 41 tahun 2007 tentang Kelembagaan Daerah, telah mewarnai penyelenggaraan penyuluhan pertanian. Penafsiran yang berbeda-beda terhadap kebijakan publik tersebut, telah merubah pranata dan struktur kelembagaan penyuluhan pertanian serta operasionalisasinya di daerah. Keragaman kelembagaan yang menangani penyelenggaraan penyuluhan pertanian mengakibatkan beragamnya kinerja penyuluhan tersebut, dan konsekuensinya berpengaruh terhadap sasaran utama pembangunan pertanian yaitu para petani. Penyelenggaraan penyuluhan pertanian akan berjalan dengan baik apabila ada persamaan persepsi dan keterpaduan kegiatan antara pemerintah pusat, provinsi dan kabupaten/kota bahkan sampai ke tingkat desa dalam satu system penyuluhan pertanian yang disepakati bersama dengan melibatkan petani, swasta dan pihakpihak yang berkepentingan. Dalam kenyataannya sekarang, masing-masing instansi berjalan sendiri-sendiri, sehingga penyelenggaraan penyuluhan pertanian menjadi tidak produktif, tidak efektif dan efisien., This era of regional autonomy with its emphasis on the efficiency of institutions and improved human resources has made some changes in the extension paradigm. Different regions have different responses. Some still maintain their extension institutions as they were in the past while others have changed the extension system. The varied institutions that are responsible for agricultural extension have certainly resulted in different performance, and consequently affected the main target of agricultural development, namely farmers.
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Judul: Analysis of Agricultural Extension Institutions in the Province of Riau
Abstrak: This era of regional autonomy with its emphasis on the efficiency of institutions and improved human resources has made some changes in the extension paradigm. Different regions have different responses. Some still maintain their extension institutions as they were in the past while others have changed the extension system. The varied institutions that are responsible for agricultural extension have certainly resulted in different performance, and consequently affected the main target of agricultural development, namely farmers. This study was intended to: (1) identify the structure of agricultural extension institutions in the regional autonomy era in the Province of Riau, (2) analyze the implementation of agricultural extensions in different institutions, and (3) analyze the effect of different extension implementation on the performance of extension workers and the degree of technological application among farmers. This is a descriptive study through a survey conducted from March to April 2008 in three regencies/towns, namely Pekanbaru, Kampar Regency and Pelalawan Regency.
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Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4