Judul: Kloning dan Sekuensing Gen Penyandi Protein Permukaan VP19 WSSV Isolat Situbondo
Abstrak: WSSV (White Spot Syndrome Virus) is the most dangerous shrimp pathogen and give a very bad impact to the shrimp industry in many countries, including Indonesia. Recombinant vaccine of viral protein-19 (VP19) from abroad is able to increase the relative survival rate of P. monodon about 77% when challenged with WSSV. However, this vaccine is still difficult to obtain, expensive, limited availability, and unsustainable. Furthermore, the vaccine usage is less effective since the local WSSV suspected to have some mutation and have differences in sequence from the one that used for recombinant vaccine production so far. Therefore, it is necessary to produce recombinant vaccine for immunization of local shrimp according to WSSV isolates from Indonesia. The objectives of this study are to obtain VP19-encoding gene of WSSV from Situbondo isolates in order to overcome WSSV infection and know the moleculer technology related with cloning certain encoding protein gene of WSS virus causing desease that generally attacks shrimps. This research conducted through several stages DNA genome isolation of P. monodon infected with WSSV, amplification of VP19-encoding gene using PCR, isolation of VP19-encoding gene from agarose gel, ligation of VP19- encoding gene into pGEM-T Easy vector, pGEM-T Easy vector transformation to E.Coli, recombinant vector screening, vector isolation using mini preparation technique, vector verification and sequencing. Cloning and Sequencing of VP19-encoding Gene of WSSV From Situbondo isolates has been conducted. The result of cloning shows that the size of VP19-encoding gene from Situbondo isolates is similar to VP19-encoding gene from the abroad one, which is 366 bp. However, the sequence result shows that there are some differences on bases and amino acid. However the result of sequencing shows there are difference of 5 base and 3 amino acid arranged VP19 sequence the Situbondo isolate with isolate from several countries. The similiarity the Situbondo isolate sequence with isolate from Indonesian itself altough from other countries is 98%.
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Judul: Survival of Vaname Shrimp Given Recombinant Viral Protein Inhibitor Through Feed With Different Frequency Against WSSV Infection
Abstrak: White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) merupakan patogen yang sangat sering menginfeksi udang. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji efektivitas rekombinan viral inhibitor protein (VIP) melalui pakan dengan frekuensi berbeda terhadap tingkat kelangsungan hidup udang vaname yang diuji tantang dengan WSSV. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Agustus-Oktober 2022 di Labroratorium Marikultur, analisis respons imun di Laboratorium Reproduksi dan Genetika Ikan, Departemen Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan secara eksperimental menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan empat perlakuan dengan lima ulangan untuk uji tantang. Parameter uji yang diukur yakni tingkat kelangsungan hidup (TKH), total haemocyte count (THC), dan aktivitas phenoloxidase (PO). Data diolah menggunakan Microsoft Excel 2010 dan dianalisis dengan analisis ragam (ANOVA). Hasil penelitian ini menunujukkan bahwa pemberian VIP dengan frekuensi setiap hari memberikan hasil terbaik setelah diinfeksikan dengan WSSV yang menghasilkan tingkat kelangsungan hidup mencapai 45,33% dibandingkan (P<0,05) kontrol positif yang memiliki tingkat kelangsungan hidup terendah yakni 9,33%., White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a pathogen that often infects shrimp. This study aims to test the effectiveness of recombinant viral inhibitor protein (VIP) by feeding with different frequencies on the survival rate of vannamei shrimp challenged with WSSV. This research was conducted in August-October 2022 at Mariculture Laboratory, immune response analysis at Fish Reproduction and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University. This research was carried out experimentally using a completely randomized design. The study was conducted using four treatments with five replications for the challenge test. The test parameters measured were survival rate (TKH), total haemocyte count (THC), and phenoloxidase (PO) activity. Data were processed using Microsoft Excel 2010 and analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results of this study showed that giving VIP with a daily frequency gave the best results after being infected with WSSV which resulted in a survival rate of 45.33% compared to (P<0.05) the positive control which had the lowest survival rate of 9.33%.
Keyword: lethal dose, recombinant, viral inhibitory protein, WSSV

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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