Judul: Analysis of the Implementation of Animal Welfare on Garut Sheep Farm of PT Alam Indonesia Raharja.
Abstrak: Kesejahteraan hewan dapat meningkatkan performa domba yang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis penerapan kesejahteraan hewan pada peternakan domba garut PT Alam Indonesia Raharja (PT AIR). Penelitian ini menggunakan 49 domba garut betina yang dipelihara secara intensif. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan melalui observasi dan wawancara serta analisis data secara deskriptif. Penilaian aspek kesejahteraan hewan berdasarkan panduan Animal Welfare Indicators (AWIN) for Sheep yang memiliki 4 prinsip good feeding, good housing, good health, dan appropriate behavior. Hasil analisis kesejahteraan ternak pada penerapan good feeding masih terdapat 37% ternak domba memperoleh skor BCS 2 (kurus), namun pada kondisi serta ketersediaan air dikatakan baik 100%, dimana ternak mendapatkan air minum dengan kondisi bersih. Selanjutnya, pada penerapan good housing dilihat dari penilaian kondisi wool ternak yang masih kotor dikarenakan kondisi kandang yang kurang bersih, terdapat 47% ternak domba yang mengalami stress panas ringan, 100% kepadatan tampung ternak tidak memadai, dan terdapat ternak domba yang memiliki kondisi pertumbuhan kuku yang berlebihan. Aspek penerapan good health ternak domba memiliki kondisi normal yaitu tidak adanya lesi, kepincangan, dan mastitis pada ternak domba tetapi terdapat 10% ternak domba mengalami anemia dan 2% ternak mengalami okuler. Hasil penilaian appropriate behavior menunjukan 100% ternak domba dalam kondisi normal yaitu tidak adanya perilaku penarikan sosial, stereotype, dan gatal berlebihan. Kesejahteraan hewan pada peternakan PT AIR berdasarkan AWIN for sheep pada penerapan appropriate behavior sudah baik dan sesuai dengan kriteria yang ditetapkan welfare quality. Tetapi pada penerapan good feeding, good housing, dan good health masih belum memenuhi standar., Animal welfare can improve optimal sheep performance. This study aimed to analyze the animal welfare implementation in the garut sheep farm of PT Alam Indonesia Raharja (PT AIR). This study used 49 garut ewes that reared intensively. The research methods carried out through observation, interviews and descriptive data analysis, and the assessment in this study was based on the Animal Welfare Indicators (AWIN) for sheep guide which has 4 principles of good feeding, good housing, good health, and appropriate behaviour. The results showed that the analysis of livestock welfare in the implementation of good feeding still have 37% of ewes getting a BCS score of 2 which means that the BCS condition of the ewes was still not good because the ewes have a thin body condition. The availability of drinking water was 100% good, where livestock get drinking water with clean conditions. Furthermore, the application of good housing was still dirty due to unclean cage condition. There were 47% of ewes experience mild heat stress, 100% of livestock housing density is inadequate, and there were some ewes that have excessive hoof growth conditions. Aspects of the application of good health have normal conditions, namely the absence of lesions, lameness, and mastitis in ewes but there were 10% of ewes indicating anemia and 2% livestock have ocular. The appropriate behaviour assessment showed that 100% of ewes in normal condition, namely the absence of social withdrawal behaviour, stereotypes, and excessive itching. Animal welfare on PT AIR farm based on AWIN based on the appropriate behaviour is good. However, the implementation of good feeding, good housing, and good health
Keyword: pasca-kawin, Garut Sheep, Animal Welfare, PT AIR

Judul: Implementation of Animal Welfare During the Slaughter Process at Mitra Tani Farm, Ciampea District, Bogor Regency.
Abstrak: Kesejahteraan hewan harus diperhatikan sejak hewan tersebut lahir hingga dipotong. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penerapan aspek kesejahteraan hewan pada pemotongan ternak di Mitra Tani Farm yang terletak di Kecamatan Ciampea, Kabupaten Bogor. Indikator kesejahteraan hewan yang diamati meliputi lima aspek yaitu, evaluasi bangunan dan sarana perkandangan yang sesuai dengan penerapan Good Farming Practice (GFP), cara penggiringan ternak, tingkah laku ternak, kondisi pra pemotongan ternak, dan respon fisiologi ternak setelah dipotong. Metode yang digunakan adalah penilaian skoring berdasarkan AWIN Welfare Assesment Protocol yang telah dimodifikasi. Jumlah ternak yang diamati sebanyak 39 ekor domba, dengan 30 ekor domba jantan, dan 9 ekor domba betina. Domba yang diamati merupakan domba gibas dan domba priangan berumur 6-24 bulan. Hasil pengamatan terhadap bangunan dan sarana perkandangan, cara penggiringan, tingkah laku yang ditunjukkan, serta kondisi prapemotongan ternak di MT Farm sudah dalam kategori baik, dilihat dari persentase capaian pada kategori tersebut, masing-masing sebesar 82,05%, 74,72%, 54,21%, dan 75,21%. Hasil pengamatan respon fisiologis ternak setelah dipotong dilihat dari hilangnya refleks kelopak mata yang memakan waktu sekitar 86,87±26,32 detik; terhentinya proses pernapasan 113,02±23,35 detik; dan berhentinya aliran darah 127,12±12,02 detik. Penanganan dan keadaan ternak sebelum proses pemotongan sudah mengikuti standar kesejahteraan hewan, selain itu penataan bangunan dan fasilitas kandang sudah sesuai dengan penerapan GFP. Pada proses pemotongan, juru sembelih harus mempunyai standar kompetensi penyembelihan., Animal welfare must be considered from animals are born until slaughtered. This research aimed to evaluate the implementation of animal welfare aspect during slaughter process at Mitra Tani Farm, Ciampea District, Bogor Regency. The animal welfare indicators were observed including five aspects, evaluation of building and facilities should appropiate with the application of Good Farming Practice (GFP), animal handling methods, animal behavior, pre-slaughter conditions, and the physiological response of animal after slaughtered. The method used is a scoring assessment based on the modified AWIN Welfare Protocol. This observation using 39 head of sheep, with 30 rams and 9 ewes. The sheep that were observed were 6-34 month old Gibas sheep and Priangan sheep aged 6-24 months. Based on the assessment results, the indicators that have been considered which consist of evaluation the building and facilities, the animal handling, animal behavior, and pre-slaughter conditions were in a good category based on percentage of the number in each category 82.05%, 74.72%, 54.21%, and 75.21%. During slaughter, physiological response of sheep was observed. The corneal reflex disappeared at an average time of 86.87 ±26.32 s; rhythmic breathing disappeared at an average time of 113.02 ±23.35 s ; and the length of bleeding time 127.12±12.02 s. Handling and condition of animal prior to the slaughter process has followed animal welfare standards, the arrangement of building and facilities is appropiate with the implementation of GFP. The slaughterman must have a standard of slaughter competence.
Keyword: Animal Welfare, Animal Handling, Slaughter Process, Sheep

Judul: Sintesis 1-(2-hidroksifenil)-3-fenilpropana-1,3-dion dari o-hidroksiasetofenon dan benzoil klorida
Abstrak: Flavonoid is the most abundant naturaly-occuring polyphenolic compound which has C6-C3-C6 carbon skeleton. Flavone is a group of flavonoid with wide bioactivity spectrum. It is widely distributed in higher plants. Its bioactivities include antioxidant, HIV-1 proteinase inhibitor, strong and selective apoptotic inducer in human colon cell, and ligand for BDZ-R receptor. One of the important and widely applicable flavones synthesis route is through 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3- phenylpropane-1,3-dione (1,3-diketone) acid-catalyzed oxidative cyclization. In this study, 1,3-diketone has been successfully synthesized via four-step route. In the first step, phenol was acetylated with 74–95% yields. Subsequently, phenyl acetate was converted to o-hydroxyacetophenone (o-HAP) with 34% yield via AlCl3-catalyzed Fries rearrangement. Benzoylation of o-HAP followed by Baker- Venkataraman rearrangement of the ester product using KOH in pyridine finally produced 1,3-diketone. The third and fourth steps yield were 27–44% and 82– 85%, respectively. All products in this study have been characterized spectroscopically. Melting point characterization were also conducted to the solid products.
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