Judul: Identifikasi Filet Ikan Beku Tanpa Label dengan Metode DNA Barcoding dan Analisis Bioinformatika
Abstrak: Filet Ikan beku yang beredar di pasar swalayan di Bogor beberapa tidak mencantumkan jenis spesies pada kemasannya. Produk filet ikan beku umumnya memuat nama spesies pada label kemasannya. Produk filet ikan beku tanpa label perlu diidentifikasi guna mengetahui jenis spesies yang dijadikan sebagai bahan baku produk tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi filet ikan beku tanpa label dengan metode DNA barcoding yang efektif dalam mengidentifikasi sampel uji. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah sampel filet ikan 1, filet ikan 2, filet ikan 3, dan filet ikan 4. Tahapan dalam penelitian ini meliputi preparasi sampel, uji logam berat sampel, isolasi DNA sampel, sekuensing DNA sampel, amplifikasi DNA sampel dan analisis bioinformatika. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan keempat sampel filet ikan beku adalah daging ikan hiu biru (Prionace glauca) dengan homologi 100%. Ikan hiu biru dalam IUCN red list masuk dalam status hampir terancam punah.
Keyword: DNA barcoding, identifikasi filet ikan beku, Prionace glauca

Judul: Species Identification in Fisheries Products using Genetic Molecular Marker Cytochrome B Minibarcode
Abstrak: Fish is one of the largest food commodities, so market demand for fish is high. Fish with high economic value is one of the high market demands, this causes fraud in the sale of fish. DNA barcoding is used to identify fishery processed products as well as the authenticity of raw materials so as to reduce food safety problems. The isolation method used was Cetyltrymethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) with concentration and purity testing using a Nanodrop spectrophotometer. The 25 samples consisting of frozen fish fillets, processed fishery product, and salted fish fillets from traditional and supermarket in Jabodetabek. DNA isolates have a concentration of 4,65-3172,6 ng/μL, with a purity of 1,067-2,125. An electrophoregram showed 7 samples sampled on a target DNA of 200-300bp. Analysis using BLAST showed samples detected as Makaira nigricans, Rachycentron canadum, Lates calcarifer, Priacanthus tayenus, Lepidocybium flavobrunneum, and Salmo salar. Phylogeny analysis showed the samples formed a group corresponding to database from Genbank., Ikan menjadi salah satu komoditi pangan yang cukup besar, sehingga permintaan pasar terhadap ikan menjadi tinggi. Ikan dengan nilai ekonomis tinggi menjadi salah satu permintaan pasar yang tinggi, hal tersebut menyebabkan terjadinya kecurangan dalam penjualan ikan. DNA barcoding dengan penanda genetik cytochrome b digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi produk olahan perikanan serta keaslian bahan baku sehingga dapat mengurangi permasalahan keamanan pangan. Metode isolasi yang digunakan adalah Cetyl Trymethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) dengan pengujian konsentrasi dan kemurnian menggunakan spektrofotometer Nanodrop. Sampel berjumlah 25 terdiri dari filet ikan beku, produk olahan perikanan, dan filet ikan asin yang didapat dari pasar tradisional dan swalayan di Jabodetabek. Isolat DNA memiliki konsentrasi 4,65-3172,6 ng/µL, dengan kemurnian 1,067-2,125. Elektroforegram menunjukan 7 sampel teramplifikasi pada DNA target 200-300bp. Hasil analisis menggunakan BLAST menunjukan sampel terdeteksi sebagai Makaira nigricans, Rachycentron canadum, Lates calcarifer, Priacanthus tayenus, Lepidocybium flavobrunneum, dan Salmo salar. Analisis filogeni menunjukan sampel membentuk kelompok yang sesuai dengan basis data dari Genbank.
Keyword: Cytochrome b, DNA barcoding, fishery products, PCR

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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