Judul: Sintesis Stearamidin hidroklorida melalui lintas Stearonitril sebagai Inhibitor Korosi pada Tembaga
Abstrak: Senyawa stearamidin hidroklorida telah berhasil disintesis melalui senyawa stearonitril yang digunakan sebagai inhibitor korosi pada tembaga dengan menggunakan metode pengukuran polarisasi potensiodinamik. Pada penelitian ini, sintesis senyawa stearamidin dilakukan dalam dua langkah sintesis pada kondisi sintesis yang berbeda. Pertama, asam lemak jenuh dikonversi menjadi senyawa stearonitril dan selanjutnya dikonversi menjadi senyawa stearamidin hidroklorida. Senyawa hasil sintesis dikarakterisasi dengan kromatografi lapis tipis (TLC), kromatografi gas (GC), spektrofotometer inframerah (FTIR), dan spektrofotometer massa ion molekul (ESI-MS) dan resonansi magnetik inti atom (H-NMR). Pada konsentrasi media korosi yang sama, inhibitor stearamidin hidroklorida memiliki nilai efisiensi yang baik dalam larutan sodium klorida dibandingan dengan larutan asam klorida dan sodium hidroksida. Efisiensi inhibisi meningkat dengan penambahan konsentrasi inhibitor, namum menurun dengan penambahan konsentrasi media larutan sodium klorida, dan dengan peningkatan temperatur. Hasil pengukuran polarisasi potensiodinamik menunjukkan bahwa senyawa stearamidin hidroklorida hasil sintesis merupakan inhibitor tipe campuran. Berdasarkan parameter termodinamika menunjukkan bahwa interaksi inhibitor dan permukaan logam tembaga terjadi secara penyerapan fisik (physisorption)
Keyword: Copper corrosion, inhibition efficiency, potentiodynamic polarisation, stearamidine hydrochloride, stearonitrile

Judul: Evaluasi Kinerja N-stearoiletanolamida sebagai Inhibitor Korosi dengan Teknik Polarisasi Potensiodinamik
Abstrak: Korosi merupakan suatu fenomena permukaan yang dapat mendegradasi sifat logam. Senyawa organik seperti alkanolamida lemak berpotensi sebagai inhibitor korosi. N-stearoiletanolamida berpotensi sebagai inhibitor korosi karena memiliki gugus amida dan hidroksil yang dapat berinteraksi dengan permukaan logam. Salah satu teknik sintesis N-stearoiletanolamida, yaitu melalui tahap esterifikasi dari asam stearat dengan alkohol dan amidasi dengan etanolamina. Sintesis tahap amidasi dilakukan dengan dua katalis, yaitu NaOMe dan NaOEt. Pengukuran antikorosi dilakukan menggunakan tiga jenis variasi konsentrasi, yaitu 50 ppm, 100 ppm, dan 200 ppm. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa Nstearoiletanolamida dengan katalis NaOMe dan NaOEt memiliki efektivitas inhibisi korosi yang hampir sama dengan %EI terbesar pada katalis NaOMe dan NaOEt berturut-turut sebesar 70.99% dan 71.57% dari konsentrasi tertinggi. Berdasarkan rendemen, N-stearoiletanolamida dengan katalis NaOMe memiliki nilai yang lebih besar dibandingkan katalis NaOEt. Hasil rendemen dari katalis NaOMe sebesar 81.84%, sedangkan katalis NaOEt sebesar 73.20%.
Keyword: efektivitas, inhibisi, inhibitor korosi, N-stearoiletanolamida

Judul: Studies on growth spurt and aging in higher primates
Abstrak: single measurement that best defines the health and nutritional status of children, just as it provides an indirect measurement of the quality of life of an entire population. The pattern of human growth reflects the biocultural evolution of our species. The human pattern of growth and development (ontogeny) appears to differ markedly from patterns of ontogeny in other primate species. Three studies are reported here which deal to the growth and development of human and chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). These three studies allow us to contrast the phenomena of adolescence growth spurt and female elderly bone loss in chimpanzee and human as chimpanzee is the closest species to humans within extant nonhuman primates. In the first, a cross-sectional study of growth of the body size and somatotype of 363 Javanese girls and 299 Javanese boys aged 4 to 20 years from Magelang Regency, Indonesia was described. In the second, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in the growth of chimpanzee second metacarpal bone linear dimensions from individuals aged 0 to 43.6 years were used for comparison. While in the third, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in the growth of chimpanzee body size (body mass and anterior trunk length) and second metacarpal bone mineral content were derived. In measuring the second metacarpal dimensions and mineral content, a total of 568 radiographs of chimpanzee's proximodistal left hands were used. They were taken from 68 females and 49 males aged 0 to 43.62 years old. We applied an image analysis system, Scion Image Release Alpha 4.0.3.2 software for Windows to measure bone linear dimensions and bone mineral content. Humans present complex and sinuous growth curves for both body weight and height. A clear growth spurt could be demonstrated by cross-sectional analysis in our girl subjects at around aged 11.5 years and in our boy subjects at around aged 12.5 years. In longitudinal series, not in cross-sectional, several representative chimpanzees of both sexes showed a pre-adult growth spurt on the body sizes, bone dimensions and bone mineral content. They ranged at age 4.5 to 8.5 years. This underscore the fact that adolescent growth spurt in linear dimension was not a universal feature of anthropoid primate ontogeny. Bone loss is a well established characteristic of human female aging. Based on crosssectional analyses the sequential decline of bone mass in female chimpanzee may be said to be genuine. On the other hand, we found in adulthood through elderly, male chimpanzees show a longer plateau than female chimpanzee, that is, bone mineral content is maintained in male.
Keyword: Javanese children, growth spurt, chimpanzee, second metacarpal bone, bone loss, Higher Primates