Judul: The Effect of Chicken Meat Prices, Covid-19, and  Other Determinants on the Spillover Effect of Inflation at the Regional Level in Indonesia
Abstrak: Pandemi Covid-19 berdampak pada pergerakan permintaan dan penawaran komoditas pangan strategis, salah satunya adalah daging ayam ras yang memiliki fluktuasi harga dan memberikan andil terhadap inflasi sebagai salah satu tolak ukur kondisi perekonomian. Pergerakan inflasi perlu diawasi serta dikendalikan dengan mempertimbangkan faktor moneter dan non moneter. Penelitian ini menganalisis perkembangan inflasi, harga daging ayam ras, upah minimum provinsi, suku bunga kredit konsumsi, dan kredit UMKM tingkat regional di Indonesia. Selain itu, penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh determinan inflasi regional serta interaksi spasial yang berdampak pada spillover inflasi regional dengan mempertimbangkan dummy Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan data bulanan dari 34 provinsi di Indonesia selama 2018-2021 dan dianalisis menggunakan metode panel spasial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan harga daging ayam ras dan upah minimum provinsi memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap inflasi suatu provinsi serta provinsi terdekat. Sebaliknya, suku bunga kredit konsumsi, kredit UMKM, dan dummy Covid-19 memiliki pengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap inflasi suatu provinsi dan provinsi terdekat., The Covid-19 pandemic impacted the demand and supply of a strategic food commodity, such as chicken meat with fluctuating prices, thus affecting the inflation rate, which is one of the benchmarks for economic conditions. Inflation needs to be monitored and controlled by considering monetary and non-monetary factors. This study analyzes the development of inflation, chicken meat prices, provincial minimum wages, interest rates for consumption loans, and MSME loans. This study also analyzes the impact of regional inflation determinants and spatial interactions that impact the spillover of regional inflation bu considering the Covid-19 dummy. This study uses monthly data from 34 provinces in Indonesia for 2018-2021 and analyzes using the spatial panel method. The results showed that the price of chicken meat prices and the provincial minimum wage have a significant positive effect on inflation in a province and the nearest province. In contrast, interest rates for consumption loans, MSME loans, and the Covid-19 dummy have a significant negative effect on in a province and the nearest province.
Keyword: Covid-19, Harga, Inflasi, Panel Spasial, Price, Inflation, Spatial Panel

Judul: Regional Inflation Spillover Effect Influenced by the Price of Chicken Eggs and Other Determinants for the 2018-2021 Period
Abstrak: Telur ayam ras merupakan salah satu diantara sebelas komoditas pangan utama selain minyak goreng dan cabai merah. Berdasarkan komoditas sumber bahan makanan penyumbang inflasi atau deflasi Desember 2020, komoditas telur ayam ras merupakan komoditas pemegang andil inflasi terbesar kedua setelah cabai merah. Oleh karena itu, kestabilan harga telur ayam ras sangat penting, mengingat andil inflasi telur ayam ras cukup tinggi berdasarkan bahan makanan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh harga telur ayam ras beserta determinan lainnya terhadap inflasi regional serta mengkaji interaksi spasial variabel determinan inflasi dan spillover effect inflasi regional. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model regresi Panel Spasial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa harga komoditas telur ayam ras, kredit UMKM, serta pandemi covid memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap inflasi regional. Sementara UMP dan suku bunga kredit perbankan asing dan campuran-konsumsi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap inflasi. Lalu terdapat adanya interaksi efek spasial yang positif dan signifikan dalam penelitian ini, akan tetapi tidak terjadi spillover effect inflasi di tingkat regional. Hal ini dikarenakan model terbaik yang dipilih dalam penelitian ini merupakan Spatial Error Model (SEM). Lag pada SEM muncul sebagai komponen eror yang menunjukkan bahwa lag tersebut hanya dapat dijelaskan di luar model., Chicken eggs are one of the eleven main food commodities in addition to cooking oil and red chilies. Based on food source commodities that contributed to inflation or deflation in December 2020, broiler eggs are the commodity with the second largest share of inflation after red chili. Therefore, the stability of the price of purebred chicken eggs is very important, considering that the share of purebred chicken egg inflation is quite high based on food ingredients. This study aims to examine the effect of the price of broiler eggs and other determinants of regional inflation as well as to examine the spatial interaction of the variables of inflation determinants and the spillover effect of regional inflation. The research method used in this study is the Spatial Panel regression model. The results showed that the commodity prices of broiler eggs, MSME loans, and the covid pandemic had a negative and significant impact on regional inflation. Meanwhile, the UMP and foreign bank lending rates and mixed-consumption have a positive and significant impact on inflation. Then there is a positive and significant interaction of spatial effects in this study, but there is no spillover effect of inflation at the regional level. This is because the best model chosen in this study is the Spatial Error Model (SEM). The lag in SEM appears as an error component indicating that the lag can only be explained outside the model.
Keyword: Chicken eggs, Inflation, Spillover effect, Spatial Error Model, Spatial panel regression

Judul: Pembuatan Film Tipis Cu2ZnSnS4 sebagai Lapisan Penyerap Cahaya pada Sel Surya Menggunakan Metode Elektrodeposisi
Abstrak: Thin film of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is an alternative semiconductor used as light absorber layer on solar cell. CZTS can replace silicon that commonly used as commercial semiconductor. The advantage of using CZTS as absorber layer is due to the abundance of its chemical composer on earth, and its high value of absorption coefficient. The absorber layer was made by using electrodeposition method on ITO glass substrates. The films were deposited at room temperature using potentiostatic mode with a potential of –1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes. After that, the films were annealed at two different temperatures, 180 ºC and 500 °C, for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. Based on X-ray diffraction analysis, the polycrystalline thin film obtained fall into kesterite crystal phase. This type of crystal was obtained when the CZTS was annealed at 500 °C in H2S/N2 atmosphere. The value of optical band gap energy for the CZTS thin film was 2.2 eV with the film thickness about 1.228–6.366 μm. The sample of CZTS with electrodeposition time of 45 minutes and annealing temperature of 500 °C showed the best result and in conformity with absorber layers criteria for solar cells.
Keyword: semiconductor, ITO glass, CZTS thin film, electrodeposition