Judul: Analisis Kerentanan Pantai Menggunakan Pendekatan Coastal  Vulnerability Index (CVI)
Abstrak: Kerentanan pantai merupakan kondisi suatu wilayah pantai yang mengalami kerusakan dan ancaman bahaya yang disebabkan oleh faktor alam maupun antropogenik. Wilayah pantai memerlukan informasi spasial terkait tingkat kerentanan pantai upaya mengurangi risiko terhadap ancaman kerusakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kerentanan pantai di Kecamatan Mirit, Grabag, Ngombol, Purwodadi, Temon, dan Wates menggunakan pendekatan Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI). Metode yang digunakan adalah pengamatan secara langsung dan pengolahan data dalam Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Parameter yang digunakan dalam analisis yaitu geomorfologi, elevasi, pasang surut, tinggi gelombang, perubahan garis pantai, dan kenaikan muka laut. Analisis tingkat kerentanan dikategorikan dalam sangat rendah, rendah, sedang, tinggi dan sangat tinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pantai Kecamatan Wates hingga Mirit didominasi oleh kerentanan tinggi. Wilayah pantai yang termasuk kategori kerentanan sangat rendah sepanjang 2 km, kategori kerentanan rendah sepanjang 1 km, kategori kerentanan tinggi sepanjang 27 km, dan kategori kerentanan sangat tinggi sepanjang 13 km., Coastal vulnerability is the condition of a coastal area that is damaged and threatened by hazards caused by natural and anthropogenic factors. Coastal areas require spatial information related to the level of coastal vulnerability to reduce the risk of the threat of damage. This study aims to analyze coastal vulnerability in Mirit, Grabag, Ngombol, Purwodadi, Temon, and Wates using the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) approach. The method used is direct observation and data processing in Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The parameters used in the analysis are geomorphology, elevation, tides, wave height, shoreline changes, and sea level rise. Analysis of the level of vulnerability is categorized into very low, low, medium, high, and very high. The results showed that the coasts of the Wates to Mirit sub-districts were dominated by high vulnerability. Coastal areas that are included in the very low vulnerability category along 2 km, the low vulnerability category along 1 km, the high vulnerability category along 27 km, and the very high vulnerability category along 13 km.
Keyword: coastal, CVI, GIS, vulnerability

Judul: Analysis of the Vulnerability of Beaches andSites in East Belitung to Sea Level Rise.
Abstrak: Kerentanan pantai mencerminkan ancaman terhadap wilayah pesisir karena faktor alam dan manusia yang berpotensi merusak warisan budaya pesisir. Informasi spasial terkait kerentanan pantai dan situs penting diteliti untuk mengurangi risiko terhadap potensi kerusakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan kerentanan pesisir dan situs di Belitung Timuinr. Metode yang digunakan adalah Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI), Shoreline Vulnerability (SV), dan Cultural Resource Vulnerability (CRV). Metode ini melibatkan observasi langsung dan analisis spasial dengan mempertimbangkan parameter fisik seperti geomorfologi, elevasi, pasang surut, tinggi gelombang, perubahan garis pantai, kenaikan permukaan air laut, slope, tutupan lahan, dan jarak ke garis pantai. Sebagian besar pantai dari Desa Mengkubang hingga Gantung memiliki tingkat kerentanan Pantai yang tinggi. Luasan wilayah dengan tingkat kerentanan Pantai rendah, tinggi, dan sangat tinggi berturut-turut adalah 1679 Ha, 2891.83 Ha, dan 1526.65 Ha. Evaluasi kerentanan situs menunjukkan bahwa 26.67% kilang minyak tergolong sangat rentan, 26.67% rentan tinggi, 20% rentan sedang, dan 26.67% rentan rendah., Coastal vulnerability reflects threats to coastal areas due to natural and human factors that have the potential to damage coastal cultural heritage. Spatial information related to coastal and site vulnerability is important to research to reduce the risk of potential damage. This research aims to map the vulnerability of coastal and cultural sites in East Belitung. The methods used are the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI), Shoreline Vulnerability (SV), and Cultural Resource Vulnerability (CRV). The method involves direct observation and spatial analysis by considering geomorphology, elevation, tides, wave height, shoreline change, sea level rise, slope, land cover, and distance to the shoreline. Most of the coast from Mengkubang Village to Gantung has high vulnerability. The areas with low, high, and very high levels of coastal vulnerability are 1679 hectares, 2891.83 hectares, and 1526.65 hectares, respectively. The site vulnerability evaluation showed that 26.67% of the oil refineries were classified as highly vulnerable, 26.67% as highly vulnerable, 20% as moderately vulnerable, and 26.67% as low vulnerable.
Keyword: Coastal Vulnerability Index, Cultural Resource Vulnerability, Kerentanan Pantai, Kerentanan Situs

Judul: Sintesis Flavon dari Fenol dan Benzoil Klorida
Abstrak: Flavone is a class of flavonoid, commonly found in plants with wide bioactivity spectrum. A widely used flavone synthesis route is through acidcatalyzed oxidative cyclization of β-diketone. In this study, unsubstituted flavone had been synthesized via 5-step from phenol, with 22% yield and successfully increased the yield of previous study on Fries rearrangement of phenyl acetate and benzoylation of o-HAP steps. Phenol was acetylated resulting 93% phenyl acetate. AlCl3-catalyzed Fries rearrangement in 1.5 hour and at 120 °C converted phenyl acetate into o-hydroxyacetophenone (o-HAP) with 40% yield. AlCl3 as catalyst produced o-HAP with higher and reproducible yield compared with BF3·Et2O and ZnCl2. Benzoylation of o-HAP followed by Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement of the ester product using KOH in dried pyridine produced β-diketone 1-(2- hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropane-1,3-dione. The yield of ester and β-diketone were 71% and 85%, respectively. Finally, oxidative cyclization of β-diketone with sulphuric acid as catalyst produced 99% of flavone. The flavone product had been characterized spectroscopically and its melting point as well.
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