Judul: Identifikasi Keragaman Gen Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 (IGF2|NlaIII) pada Ayam Kampung dan Ras Petelur serta Persilangannya
Abstrak: Ayam kampung memiliki potensi dikembangkan sebagai komoditas ternak yang potensial, walaupun sistem budidaya yang dilakukan pada ayam kampung belum optimal. Persilangan pada ayam kampung dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan nilai heterozigositas, yang dapat digunakan untuk menyeleksi ayam yang paling berpotensi dari setiap bangsa. Gen IGE2 sebagai gen yang mengontrol pertumbuhan embrio, diferensiasi sel, dan metabolisme lemak merupakan gen fungsional yang dapat digunakan sebagai marka genetik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keragaman pada gen IGF2 di eksen 4 pada ayam kampung, ras Isa Brown, dan persilangannya. Identifikasi keragaman yang dilakukan menggunakan 106 sampel dari populasi ayam kampung, ras petelur Isa Brown, dan persilangannya. Teknik PCR-RFLP dengan enzim NlalII digūnakan untuk menunjukkan adanya keragaman dari populasi yang terdiri atas dua alel C dan T dengan masing-masing frekuensi sebesar 0.500-0.593 dan 0.353-0.500. Keragaman populasi dapat diamati pada populasi kampung, ras petelur Isa Brown, KP(Kampung x ras petelur Isa Brown) dan SKPt (Sentul-Kampung x ras petelur Isa Brown). Populasi SKPt menunjukkan adanya keseimbangan, sedangkan populasi Kampung, dan KPt tidak menunjukkan adanya keseimbangan populasi sesuai dengan hukum Hardy-Weinberg.
Keyword: IGF2, Isa Brown, Kampung chicken, NlaIII, PCR-RFLP, Local chicken, Heterozygosity, Chicken breeds, Embryonic phase growth, Cell differentiation, Fat metabolism, Gene pollymorphism

Judul: Identifikasi Keragaman Gen Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (IGF-1) Pada Ayam Lokal Dan Ras Pedaging Dengan Metode PCR-RFLP.
Abstrak: Identification of gene diversity is closely related on production levels. One of the genes that suspected to have an influence on the nature of growth is the insulin-like growth Factor I (IGF-1). Restriction fragment length polymorphisms and polymerase chain reaction allows the identification of genetic diversity directly at the DNA level. This study aims to identify the diversity of IGF-1 and find out the variation of genes at several native chicken and broiler. Total number of samples were 100 heads from are native chicken and broiler chicken. Native chicken that consists of four types : 15 kampoeng chickens, 16 kedu chickens, 15 sentul chickens and 15 pelung chickens, 23 arab chickens, and 16 broiler chickens. Using PCR-RFLP method by Pst1 restriction enzyme. Genotyping the IGF-1 gene resulted in two alleles, namely A and B, with three genotypes, namely AA, AB dan BB. The average frequency of the A allele followed by native chickens and broiler chickens was higher (0.68) than the B allele (0.32). AA genotype had the highedt average frequency (0.56) than the AB genotype (0.40) and the BB genotype (0.04). Chi-Square analysis showed that kampoeng chickens, kedu chickens, sentul chickens, pelung chickens, and broiler chickens were in Hardy-weinberg (HW) equilibrium (X2 < X2(0.05)), contrast to arab chickens (X2 > X2(0.05)). The sixth type of chicken has a low heterozygosity values. The closest kinship exists between populations kedu chicken and chicken Sentul at 0.395, and the farthest are the populations of broiler chickens and that is equal to 0.979.
Keyword: genetic polymorphism, IGF-I, broiler chicken, native chickens

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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