Judul: Determining the type of Solid-Waste Treatment Facility by Residential Typology Approach In Tangerang City
Abstrak: As long as waste management paradigm is still collect-transpot-dump patterned, the increase in the volume of waste will continue burdening the city due to the capacity limitation on final disposal area. This limitation makes the reduction in and waste management from the household, both at the individual and community level, becomes a necessity that needs to be expedited. One of the components that affect waste reduction efforts through an integrated waste management 3R is the availability of community-based waste management and community participation as a waste generator. The most important indicators of successful the 3Rs implementation is how to encourage a change in attitude and mindset of the people towards environmentally and sustainability of waste management. This study aims to formulate the provision of domestic waste treatment facility in accordance with the physical characteristics and the character of the people in the residential through: (1) identification of the residential typology in the city of Tangerang based on its waste management, (2) identify the dominant factors that influence the choice of waste management facilities, and (3) to formulate the priority of different types of solid-waste treatment facility based on residential typology. Analysis tools used include (1) spatial analysis through visual interpretation of high-resolution satellite imagery, (2) descriptive analysis of the community character in waste management, (3) Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), and (4) Multi-Criteria Decision Making ( MCDM) by Technique for Order Performance by Similiarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method. In order to identify the residential typology used a combination of spatial analysis and descriptive analysis of the interviews and questionnaires were distributed to the residents. The result of this combination is 12 residential typology that describes the physical characteristics of the environment and character of the people that influential in waste management. Based on the results of AHP by stakeholders perception of the factors required under the general guidelines for community-based 3R waste management in residential areas, it was found that none of the factors very determinant for the waste management facilities choice, with a weight range between 8-17%. The priority type of solid-waste management facilities based on residential typology obtained with the aid of the MCDM-TOPSIS analysis. Based on the analysis we found that there are 6 groups of residentials were grouped according to the type of waste treatment facility priority.
Keyword: AHP, MCDM-TOPSIS, 3R waste management, waste treatment facilities, residential typology

Judul: Service Improvement Strategy for Cleaning and Gardening Agency in the management of residential solid waste (studies in Bogor Regency).
Abstrak: Solid waste management problem occurs because of imbalance between the volume of solid waste and ability in management. The objectives of this research are: (1) to evaluate the implementation of residential solid waste management services in Bogor Regency, (2) to analyze community perceptions about residential solid waste service, and (3) to formulate strategies to improve coverage of residential solid waste service in Bogor Regency. The data were collected through observation and interview to the respondents that know about the policy under study. The data were analyzed by using quantitative descriptive analysis based on the applicable service standard of the Minister of Settlement and Regional Infrastructure Number 534/KPTS/M/2001, index measurement analysis, and Hierarchy Analytic Process (AHP). Quantitatively the performance of solid waste management based on the amount of solid waste transported achieve 22,46 %. According to the underserved population has just reached 16 %. The amount of solid waste transport vehicle is only just reached 20 % of the transportation needs. Solid waste retribution only reaches 26,5% of operational cost of solid waste services. Efforts to increase residential solid waste service coverage with the addition of operational facilities require a very large cost. Therefore, alternative solid waste management needs to be done at the local level with the reduction and handling of solid waste from its source through the application of R3 (reduce, reuse and recycle) with the program are: (1) Internalization and education R3 Program, (2) Establishment of a group / institutional, (3) Provide facilities and assistance, and (4) Support product marketing.
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Judul: The Concentration of Immunoglobulin G in The Serum of Goat Kids After Giving of Colostrum
Abstrak: Lingkungan yang dihadapi anak hewan yang baru lahir penuh dengan agen penyakit yang sewaktu- waktu dapat menginfeksi dan menyebabkan penyakit. Anak hewan tersebut peka terhadap terjadinya infeksi yang disebabkan tubuhnya belum mempunyai daya tahan tubuh yang sempurna. Untuk meningkatkan kekebalan hidup hewan perlu diberi kolostrum setelah anak hewan lahir. Kolostrum mengandung sumber antibodi awal bagi anak ternak. Anak hewan yang sudah diberi kolostrum akan mengandung antibodi dalam serumnya. Dengan demikian penelitian banyaknya antibodi dalam serum darah akan sangat berguna dalam penentuan daya tahan hewan terhadap berbagai penyakit. Pada penelitian ini dipelajari kadar imunoglobulin G pada serum anak kambing setelah diberi kolostrum induk. Antibodi (imunoglobulin) dalam serum darah dimurnikan dengan metode salting out menggunakan larutan (NH4)2SO4 jenuh. Kemudian imunoglobulin dimurnikan dengan proses dialisis menggunakan membran dialisis dan larutan PBS pada suhu 4°C. Konsentrasi imunoglobulin (IgG) dari sampel dilanjutkan dengan metode spektroskopi UV-VIS pada panjang gelombang 280 nm. Kadar IgG dalam serum tersebut, ditentukan terhadap umur, jenis kelamin, bobot badan dan kelahiran tunggal atau kembar. Kadar IgG dalam serum dari berbagai waktu pengambilan menunjukkan semakin meningkat dengan meningkatnya umur dari anak kambing. Mulai dari umur 3 minggu, 6 minggu, 9 minggu dan 12 minggu kadar IgG meningkat untuk semua jenis anak kambing. Kadar yang tertinggi pada minggu ke-12 sebesar 992,6 µg/ml untuk jenis kelahiran tunggal jantan dan yang terendah pada minggu ke-3 sebesar 203,9 µg/ml untuk jenis kelahiran kembar betina. Kadar IgG minggu ke-12 sangat berbeda nyata (P<0,01) dibandingkan dengan minggu ke-3, minggu ke-6 dan minggu ke-9. Kadar IgG pada kelahiran kembar jantan sangat berbeda nyata (P<0,01) pada minggu ke-6, minggu ke-9 dan minggu ke-12 dan berbeda nyata (P<0,05) pada minggu ke-3, sedangkan pada kelahiran tunggal jantan sangat berbeda nyata (P<0,01) dibandingkan dengan tunggal betina pada minggu ke-9 dan minggu ke-12 sedangkan pada minggu ke-3 dan minggu ke-6 berbeda nyata (P<0,05). Kadar IgG anak dengan jenis kelamin jantan dan kelamin betina semakin meningkat dengan menurunnya bobot badan induk. Kadar IgG anak semakin meningkat dengan meningkatnya bobot badan anak untuk kelahiran tunggal betina, tunggal jantan, kembar jantan dan kembar betina. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kadar imunoglobulin G pada serum anak kambing yang diberi kolostrum meningkat sesuai dengan bertambahnya umur. Imunoglobulin G anak kambing jenis kelahiran tunggal jantan paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan anak kambing yang lainnya.
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