Judul: Chocolate Smoothies Formulation with Pasteurized Egg White Addition as High Protein Drink for Athlete
Abstrak: Minuman olahraga menyediakan protein yang dibutukan untuk membantu menjaga massa otot serta performa olahraga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan formula smoothies dengan perlakuan penambahan putih telur pasteurisasi (F1, F2, dan F3). Formula yang terpilih memiliki 5 atribut sensori yang teridentifikasi melalui uji organoleptik. Daya terima formula terpilih teridentifikasi melalui uji hedonik. Formula terpilih berdasarkan uji hedonik dan kandungan gizi terbaik adalah F1 dengan kadar air, protein, lemak, abu, serat kasar, dan karbohidrat berturut-turut sebesar 81,52%b/b, 10,91%b/b, 1,37%b/b, 0,94%b/b, 1,56%b/b, 5,26%b/b. Formula berkontribusi sebesar 8,2% energi dan 29,6% protein per takaran saji (250 gr) terhadap angka kecukupan gizi atlet pria. Formula berkontribusi sebesar 9,8% energi dan 32,9% protein per takaran saji (250 gr) terhadap angka kecukupan gizi atlet wanita. Formula berkontribusi sebesar 9,8% energi dan 32,9% protein per takaran saji (250 gr) terhadap acuan label gizi (ALG) umum Indonesia., Sports drink provides proteins that is required to maintain muscle mass and sports performance. This research is conducted to develop formulation of chocolate smoothies with addition of pasteurized egg white (F1, F2, and F3). Chosen formulation have five sensory attribute that is identified through organoleptic test. Acceptability of product is determined through hedonic test. The best chosen formula determined through best hedonic test and nutritional content is F1 with a water content of 81.52%w/w, protein content 10.91%w/w, fat content 1.37%w/w, ash content 0.94%w/w, crude fiber content 1.56%w/w, and carbohydrate content 5.26%w/w. Chosen formula contributes to 8.2% energy and 29.6% protein intake per serving size (250 ml) for male athlete nutritional needs. Chosen formula contributes to 9.8% energy and 32.9% protein intake per serving size (250 ml) for female athlete nutritional needs. Chosen formula contributes to 9.8% energy and 32.9% protein intake per serving size (250 ml) for ALG in Indonesia.
Keyword: athlete, egg white, pasteurized, protein, sports drink

Judul: Sport drink development from broiler chicken (Gallus domesticus) Carcass for Adult Athlete
Abstrak: Minuman olahraga menyediakan karbohidrat dan protein yang dibutuhkan selama pemulihan untuk mengatasi efek kelelahan setelah latihan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan minuman olahraga berbahan dasar karkas ayam broiler dengan perlakuan berupa umur potong yang berbeda. Seluruh formula (F1, F2, dan F3) memiliki 25 atribut sensori yang teridentifikasi melalui analisis deskriptif kuantitatif (QDA). Daya terima seluruh formula lebih baik dibandingkan dengan produk chicken essence komersial (kontrol). Formula terpilih berdasarkan hasil uji hedonik dan kandungan gizi terbaik adalah formula berbahan dasar karkas ayam broiler berumur 28 hari (F2) dengan kadar air, abu, protein, lemak, dan karbohidrat berturut-turut sebesar 80.02%bb, 2.89%bk 14.63%bk, 4.59%bk, dan 77.85%bk. Asam amino pembatas dari formula adalah AAS (asam amino sulfur). Formula berkontribusi sebesar 3.1% energi dan 3.5% protein terhadap angka kecukupan gizi (AKG) atlet serta memberikan kontribusi sebesar 13.8% dan 14.8% terhadap kebutuhan protein dan karbohidrat selama pemulihan. Formula juga berkontribusi sebesar 4.0% terhadap kebutuhan BCAA harian., Sport drink provide carbohydrate and protein which are required during recovery to overcome the effect of post-exercise fatigue. The objective of this study is to develop sport drink from broiler chicken carcass with different slaughter age. This experimental study was conducted from September 2019 until July 2020. Every formulas ( F1, F2,and F3) had 25 sensory attributes identified in quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA). Every formula had better acceptance rate compared to commercial chicken essence (control). The selected formula is F2 with highest score of hedonic test and the best protein content (14.63%) and fat content (4.59%). This formula contains water 80.02%wb, ash 2.89%db, protein 14.63%bk, fat 4.59%bk, and carbohydrate 77.85%bk. The limitting amino acid in this product is SAA (sulphuric amino acids). This product contributes 3.1% to DRI energy and 3.5% to DRI of protein of athlete. It is also contributed 13.8% and 14..8% of protein and carbohydrate requirement in post-exercise state. This product also contributes 4.0% of daily BCAA requirement.
Keyword: Athlete, Broiler chicken, Fatigue, Recovery, Sport drink

Judul: Bifurkasi Hopf pada Model Siklus Bisnis Kaldor Kalecki tanpa dan dengan Waktu Tunda
Abstrak: Business cycle model is one of dynamical system models in economic. One of the business cycles model is Kaldor-Kalecki model. Kaldor-Kalecki business cycle model that is written in delayed defferential equations, is a business cycle model that involves gross product and capital stock of a company. In this paper Kaldor-Kalecki business cycle model is analyzed using both nondelay and delay in time of capital stock. By Taylor expansion for the time delayed model, an analysis of stability around the fixed points has been done. Furthermore, by using Hopf bifurcation theorem, it can be shown that there exists periodic orbits and limit cycle. In the nondelayed model, changing the parameter of goods market could lead to the occurrence of Hopf bifurcation and the existence of limit cycle. Similarly, for the delayed model, it has been shown that changing the time delay parameter may result in the occurrence of Hopf bifurcation and limit cycle.
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