Judul: Pengelolaan Taman Kupu-Kupu di Taman Nasional Bantimurung Bulusaraung Maros Sulawesi Selatan
Abstrak: Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park has been known for its richness of butterfly species. Many of these species were endemic and considered as protected species. Due to its high utilization as a commercial product and object of tourism, Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park made a conservation unit called butterfly garden resort. As a conservation unit, butterfly garden resort used semi intensive approach in its management system. It focused on 3 main aspects such as: cage, feed plant, and reproduction. As many as 12 species (belong to 2 families) reported to succesfully reared, but since 2013 reared species have been reduced down to 4 species (belong to 1 family). These species were described by using wing cell venation and Reichs-Ausschuß für Lieferbedingungen und Gütesicherung (RAL color chart). Succes rate for butterlfy rearing was 16.95%, it’s analyzed by using life table. Larval is the most crucial stage in butterfly life cycles. Mortality rate for this stage was 80%. The most important factor which determined succes rate from butterly rearing was feed supply.
Keyword: succes rate, semi intensive, life table, conservation, butterfly rearing

Judul: Biodiversity of Superfamily Papilionoidea Butterflies (Lepidoptera) at Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi
Abstrak: Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park is one of national parks in Indonesia which has high diversity of butterflies. Increasing number of tourists and local butterfly collectors have caused changes of the butterfly habitat and may decrease butterfly population in the park. Aim of the research was to study the diversity of the papilionoid butterflies in Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park based on different habitats. The observations were done by scan sampling method in the morning and afternoon at three locations i.e., Pattunuang Nature Reserve, Leang-leang Nature Reserve, and Bantimurung National Park. Results showed that 144 spesies and 6.802 individual of butterflies were found at the areas within 7 weeks of observation. At Leang-leang Nature Reserve, Pattunuang Nature Reserve and Bantimurung National Park were found 113 spesies (2.024 individu), 101 spesies (1.828 individu) and 98 spesies (2.950 individu) of butterflies, respectively. The diversity of butterflies was higher in the national parks (H’ > 3). Pattunuang Nature Reserve has higher value (H’ = 4,06) than Bantimurung National Park (H’ = 3,97) and Leang-leang Nature Reserve (H’ = 3,87). Sorensen similarity index (CN) showed that three research locations were different community structures because there were several different dominant species at each location. Statistically, wind speed gave more significant effect on the number of individuals butterfly than other climate parameters.
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Judul: Perhitungan Energi Disosiasi Ca-O dan C-O pada Gugus Fungsi Hidroksiapatit Menggunakan PemodelanSpektroskopi Inframerah
Abstrak: Modeling the functional groups of hydroxyapatite can be used to obtain absorption wave numbers and the spring constant. Analysis of energy release is done by calculating the functional group dissociation energy. This study is a theoretical calculation of the hydroxyl group (OH-), phosphate (PO43-), and carbonate (CO32-) using spring models. Modeling OH- group obtained wavenumber absorption 3417.4316 cm-1, 3430.6485 cm-1, and 3437.4887 cm-1. Modelling group PO43- absorption wave numbers obtained 1059.3734 cm-1, 1085.2559 cm-1, and 1070.2309 cm-1. CO32- modeling group obtained wavenumber absorption 1187.5995 cm-1, 1167.7597 cm-1, and 1120.2595 cm-1. Bond dissociation energy of CO on the hydroxyl group is 572.3579 kJ/mol. Bond dissociation energy of Ca-O in the carbonate group is 586.9238 kJ/mol, whereas the carbonate group is 677.4847 kJ/mol. Theoretical absorption wave numbers OH- and PO43- consistent with the hypothesis while CO32- group is smaller than the hypothesized value.
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