Judul: Profil leukosit pada ayam broiler yang diberi ekstrak tanaman obat
Abstrak: The objective of this experiment was to study the effects of extract administration of temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb.), temu ireng (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.), sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Nees.), and meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn) on leukocytes profile in broiler. Twenty five day old chick’s were used in this experiment. The animal were divided into five groups, there were combination of (F1) temulawak, temu ireng, sambiloto, and meniran extracts; (F2) temulawak, temu ireng and meniran extracts; (F3) temulawak and temu ireng extracts; (F4) sambiloto and meniran extracts; and (F5) untreated as control. The extracts were gave for 28 days through the oral route. The chickens were taken randomly 3 heads of each groups on the last day of treatment for blood sampling. Blood samples were taken from brachialis veins to determine the leukocyte profiles. Results of this study showed that percentage of lymphocytes increased in the group F2, F3, and F4, with a marked increased in the group F4. The percentage of monocytes increased in all treatment groups compared to the control group. The precentage of heterophils and eosinophils increased in the F1 group compared to the control group, while percentage of basophils increased in the F2 group compared to the control group. In conclusion, extracts of temulawak and temu ireng administration were the best combination to increase immune system.
Keyword: broiler chicken, leukocyte, medicinal plants.

Judul: Pengaruh Formula Ekstrak 4 Tanaman Obat Terhadap Gambaran Histopatologi Limpa Ayam Broiler
Abstrak: This research was aimed to elaborate the effects of four medicinal plants extract formulas (Temulawak/Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb., Temu Ireng/Curcuma aureginosa Roxb., Meniran/Phyllanthus niruri Linn., and Sambiloto/Andographis paniculata Ness.) on histopathological lesions of chicken’s spleen by examine the general lesions and measuring cell density on white pulp. Twenty five of day old chicks were divided into five groups with various treatments. The treatments were: (1) F1: Temulawak, Temu Ireng, Meniran, and Sambiloto; (2) F2: Temulawak, Temu Ireng, and Meniran; (3) F3: Temulawak and Temu Ireng; (4) F4 Meniran and Sambiloto; and (5) control. The chickens were treated for 28 days. All birds were necropsied then the spleen was processed for histopathological slides using Hematoxylin Eosin staining. Cell density on white pulp areas was examined by computer software MacBiophotonic ImageJ®. The result showed there were formation of secondary follicles on all groups. White pulp cells increased significanly in F2 and F3 compared to the control and other treated groups (p< 0.05). We concluded that 4 medicinal plants were not make pathological effect to chicken spleen. Curcuminoids, flavonoids, and phylanthines of medicinal plants in F2 and F3 may induced lymphoid cells proliferation in white pulp.
Keyword: 

Judul: Heisenberg Uncertainty of Double SlitSystem Based on Budiyono-Rohrlich Quantum Statistics Model
Abstrak: Interpretasi kuantum dikembangkan untuk memaknai secara fisis dengan jelas bagaimana suatu dinamika pada sistem mikroskopis yang dijelaskan dengan teori-teori kuantum, seperti interpretasi Copenhagen yang mendeskripsikan sistem kuantum sebagai suatu keadaan yang dideskripsikan dengan fungsi gelombang yang berisikan bagaimana peluang keadaan suatu sistem. Interpretasi kuantum juga bisa dibawa dari suatu sistem klasik seperti pada model statistika-kuantum Budiyono-Rohrlich yang menjelaskan bagaimana dinamika kuantum berhubungan dengan sistem klasik dengan penerapan statistika pada model Hamiltonian sistem. Fungsi distribusi dapat mendeskripsikan bagaimana suatu sistem terdistribusi pada suatu ruang pada pandangan klasik namun untuk sistem kuantum fungsi distribusi adalah peluang dari sistem tersebut. Sistem klasik dan kuantum juga dipisahkan berdasarkan pada ketidakpastian Heisenberg tentang suatu pengukuran yang tidak bisa secara sekaligus dilakukan bersamaan. Model statistika-kuantum Budiyono-Rohrlich membawa suatu sistem klasik menjadi sistem kuantum dengan dua aksioma yaitu hukum kekekalan energi rata rata dan konservasi rapat probabilitas. Sistem klasik yang didefinisikan akan diatur dengan menambahkan dua variable matematis berupa ontic extensions dan epistemic restrictions dimana kedua variabel ini yang akan menghubungkan bagaimana sistem klasik bisa diubah menjadi sebuah sistem kuantum. Dua variabel matematis tadi membuat sebuah sistem bisa diperlihatkan ketidakpastiannya lewat perhitungan simpangan rata-rata dan hasilnya akan selalu memenuhi ketidakpastian Heisenberg
Keyword: fungsi distribusi, model Budiyono-Rohrlich, ontic extension, epistemic restriction, ketidakpastian Heisenberg