Judul: Analisis Sensitivitas Lingkungan OSCP (Oil Spill Contingency Plan) di Pesisir Selatan Delta Mahakam, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur
Abstrak: Pesisir selatan Delta Mahakam merupakan bagian dari wilayah Delta Mahakam yang dicirikan oleh adanya endapan material sedimen lewat aliran air dari muara Sungai Mahakam. Selain memiliki keanekaragaman hayati yang cukup tinggi, pesisir selatan Delta Mahakam juga kaya akan sumber daya alam berupa minyak dan gas bumi. Kegiatan eksplorasi dan eksploitasi serta proses produksi minyak dapat menjadikan peluang terhadap bahaya pada kemungkinan terjadinya pencemaran minyak. OSCP (Oil Spill Contingency Plan) merupakan sebuah tindakan yang disiapkan untuk mengantisipasi kemungkinan terjadinya pencemaran perairan oleh tumpahan minyak di suatu area. Di dalam OSCP, dua elemen utama harus diidentifikasi sebelum memasuki tahapan penilaian risiko dan tindakan respon. Analisis sensitivitas lingkungan OSCP di pesisir selatan Delta Mahakam hanya dua tahapan awal dari elemen OSCP, yaitu mengintegrasikan kondisi bahaya dengan kerentanan sumberdaya pesisir. Analisis sensitivitas lingkungan OSCP akan memetakan komponen lingkungan dalam bentuk peringkat sensitivitas dari kemungkinan pencemaran minyak sebagai upaya untuk mendukung pengembangan strategi respon dan prioritas perlindungan terhadap sumberdaya pesisir. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) menetapkan peringkat sensitivitas lingkungan dan (2) mengidentifikasi faktor utama yang mendukung sensitivitas lingkungan OSCP di pesisir selatan Delta Mahakam. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengelaborasi data hasil penelitian sebelumnya dari berbagai sumber, observasi lapang dan identifikasi foto udara. Hasil identifikasi dan elaborasi komponen lingkungan selanjutnya diaplikasikan kedalam metode zonal yang dimodifikasi melalui segmen garis. Analisis data untuk kondisi lingkungan pesisir seperti kemiringan pantai dan kontur dasar perairan dianalisis dengan ERDAS Imagine 9.1 dan ArcGis 9.3. Tipe pasang surut dianalisis dengan formula formzhal. Arah dan kecepatan angin dianalisis dengan WRPLOT 4.8.5. Arah dan kecepatan arus dari data model simulasi pola arus dianalisis secara deskriptif. Eksposur tidal flat dianalisis dengan indeks eksposur. Karakteristik sumberdaya pesisir dianalisis dari grid foto udara dengan ArcView GIS 3.3 dan ArcGis 9.3/10.1. Kemudian analisis sensitivitas lingkungan OSCP dianalisis melalui indeks prioritas lingkungan, dan identifikasi faktor utama penyusun sensitivitas lingkungan OSCP dianalisis dengan analisis komponen utama. Kondisi lingkungan pesisir selatan Delta Mahakam berupa substrat dasar umumnya terdiri dari pasir halus dan lumpur yang tersebar sampai ke mulut delta. Derajat kemiringan pantai sangat rendah (landai). Sekitar 25% proporsi derajat kemiringan berkisar dari tinggi sampai sangat tinggi. Kontur dasar perairan memiliki kisaran kedalaman 1-10 m. Pasang surut memiliki tipe campuran cenderung semidiurnal dengan bilangan Formzhal sebesar 0.37-0.40. Kecepatan rata-rata angin bertiup sebesar 9.07 m/s dengan resultan arah angin tenggara. Arus yang cukup kuat terjadi saat menjelang surut sebesar 0.08-0.32 m/s (musim barat) dan 0.18-0.31 m/s (musim timur). Kecepatan arus lemah terjadi saat kondisi surut sebesar 0.007-0.09 m/s (musim barat) dan 0.01-0.19 m/s (musim timur). Eksposur tidal flat sangat terlindung dengan panjang segmen garis pantai sebesar 431.96 atau sekitar 52.05% dari 829.82 km total garis pantai di area penelitian. Vegetasi mangrove terdiri dari jenis Nipa (Nypa fruticans), Pedada (Sonneratia sp), Api-api (Avicennia sp), Bakau (Rhizophora sp), Tancang (Bruguiera sp) dan Nyirih (Xylocarpus sp). Biota perairan umumnya adalah jenis crustacea, dan beberapa jenis ikan dari famili Scieanidae, Leiognathidae, Apogonidae, Engraulidae, Mullidae, dan Polynemidae. Famili burung dijumpai ± 33 famili (± 186 individu). Terdapat 6 famili burung dengan jumlah individu terbanyak, yaitu Ardeidae sebesar 10.75% (20 individu), Accipitridae sebesar 9.68% (18 individu),
Keyword: sensitivitas lingkungan, oil spill contingency plan, Delta Mahakam

Judul: Analisis Metode Indeks Kepekaan Lingkungan Ekosistem Mangrove terhadap Tumpahan Minyak, Studi Kasus di Wilayah Pesisir Kabupaten Subang
Abstrak: Mangrove ecosystem is one of the coastal ecosystems that very vulnerable to oil spills. Oil spill on mangrove ecosystem can cause direct mortality. Oil polution in the long term on mangrove ecosystem can disturb another organism that live in mangrove, also influencing socio-economic life of people who depend their life to mangrove ecosystem. With the result that, efforts to prevent or minimize the risk of oil spills in coastal areas is needed. Enviromental sensitivity index (ESI) is an index that can determine the sensitivity level of environmental to oil spills. This research aims to develop environmental sensitivity index of mangrove ecosystem in the coastal area of Subang, West Java Province to oil spill. Types of data were used in this study consists of primary data and secondary data. Primary data was obtained by survey in the field, while secondary data was obtained by literature study. Primary data was collected including mangrove ecosystem data, type of substrates, and socio-economics data that related to mangrove ecosystem. While secondary data was including coastal physical characteristics and hydrooceanography. These data were used to form ESI parameters. Furthermore the ESI was applied in the studied area and then the sensitivity area was shown on ESI map. The ESI was comprised of three types of index consist of vulnerability index (VI), ecology index (EI), and socio-economic index (SI). The paramaters of VI consist of slope, tides, tidal range, height of wave, type of substrate, and mangrove distance from the coast. The parameters of EI consist of mangrove zonation, density of mangrove, diversity of mangroves, stage of mangrove, protected wildlife, and status of mangrove protection. The parameters of SI consists of two components including social and economic components. The social component was based on mangrove resource utilization by human, such as fisheries potential, wood potential, and tourism potential, while the economic component was counting from biomass of mangrove. The formula of ESI was used is ( ) ( ) it divided into 5 sensitivity levels (not sensitive, less sensitive, moderate, sensitive and very sensitive). Generally coastal areas of Subang were slightly slope, mixed semidiurnal of tidal type, average wave height is 0.4 meters, muddy substrate and mangrove found in the shoreline. In observation areas founded three genus of mangrove (Avicennia sp, Sonneratia sp, and Rhizophora sp.) with different densities. The mangrove ecosystem at Subang is protected area. Protected wildlife did not found on mangrove ecosystem. Mangrove used for fisheries activities (as an area of ponds, catching eels and crabs) and the use of wood (as fuelwood, building materials, materials for fishing gear). The ESI aplication on mangrove ecosystem in observation areas showed that some mangrove have sensitive and moderate ESI level. The most of areas moderate to oil spill except to Tegal Tike, Anggaranu, and Tanjung. These area are sensitive to oil spill
Keyword: 

Judul: Grup dan Homomorfisma Grup pada Rubik Revenge
Abstrak: Rubik cube is a kind of puzzle game. A player must arrange rubik sides, which have been disordered, back to the position where every side has the same colour. This paper does not focus on the settlement solution, but instead on proving the existence of a group homomorphism between rubik movement group and S96 symmetric permutation group in rubik revenge. Firstly, it has been proved that rubik movement set is a group. Then, it also has been proved that the M set, which contains numeric labels of 1 until 96 in cubinos sides, is S96 symmetric permutation group.
Keyword: