Judul: The typology of desa hutan rakyat (forest private villages): a case in Ciamis District
Abstrak: Management of private forest possesses specific characteristics that differ from state owned forest management. Therefore, the characteristics of desa hutan rakyat using typology approach were studied. The objective of this study was to determine private forest spatial distribution type, characteristics and types of desa hutan rakyat. This study was conducted in Ciamis District covering 363 villages. The analysis was performed on the basis of statistical data of private forest area and field data measurent and observation. The typology was developed based upon biophysical and socio-economic factors by the method of clustering analysis. There are six biophysical factors i.e. non rice field-land use, road density, distance to state forest area, distance to main road, land capacity, land configuration, and three of socio-economic factors i.e. population the spatial distribution pattern of private forest is clumped. The characteristic of private forest stand composition consist of three patterns, namely agroforestry, monoculture and polyculture. The result also shows that eight of all factors in typology determination have correlation in amount of 0.2 to 0.5 with the existence of private forest. The only factor that has no correlation with private forest area is the distance to main road. The clustering analysis produced two distinct desa hutan rakyat types, namely high potential area and low potential area types. The best variables for clustering of those desa hutan rakyat are the principle component analysis derived from eight correlated variables (non rice field land use, road density, distance to state forest area, land capacity, land configuration, population density, permanent home, and productive age population) with overall accuracy 64%. Those typologies of the desa hutan rakyat are as a preliminary information that can be used for long-term planning activities.
Keyword: Clustering analysis, desa hutan rakyat, spatial distribution pattern, principle component analysis, typology, Forest Private Villages, Ciamis District, high potential area, low potential area

Judul: Tipologi Kecamatan berdasarkan Karakteristik Fisik, Sosial, dan Aksesibilitas serta Keterkaitannya terhadap Penggunaan Lahan di Kecamatan Cianjur dan Sekitarnya
Abstrak: Tipology is a study of classiffication types with spesific characteristics. Region has different characteristics, with that differences a region can be divided into several typologies. The difference characteristic on each typology will cause differences of land use proportion on each typology. The aim of this research are to make sub-district typology based on physical characteristic, social, and acsesibility, to analyse the actual land use/cover in 2010, to examines the asosiation between sub-district typology through the land uses proportion and studying the similarity of land use on the spatial pattern. The used method are cluster analysis to make a sub-district typology, visual interpretation to determine the actual land use and overlap to determine the asosiation between sub-district typology through the land use proportion, and comparison of the space utilization to determine the similarity of the land use and the spatial pattern. Sub-district typology based on physical characteristic, social, and acsesibility is divided to seven typologies. This study have 98.812 ha area, with the largest land use are 29.207 ha (29,56 %) of plantation and 28.028 ha (28,36 %) of paddy field. Each typology has a different land use proportion. The land use pattern in each typology is influenced by the characteristic of each sub-district typology, so each typology have a different land use pattern. Sub-district that have the highest level of similarity between land use proportion and spatial pattern are Sukaluyu and Mande, alterable similarity are Cianjur and Cilaku Sub-district, and land use that have difference with the spatial pattern are Cibeber and Cipanas Sub-district.
Keyword: sub-district typology, physical characteristics-social-acsesibility, land use

Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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