Judul: Performance of Wheat (Triticum  aestivum L.) at Tropical Lowland Agroecosystem
Abstrak: Gandum (Triticum aestivum L.) merupakan bahan pokok produksi karbohidrat yang cocok sebagai pengganti beras di Indonesia karena gandum memiliki keunggulan dibandingkan dengan makanan lain, yaitu kandungan protein gandum lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan padi dan jagung. Penanaman gandum di daerah dataran rendah kurang menguntungkan karena menurunkan potensi pertumbuhan dan daya hasil gandum tersebut. Pemuliaan gandum terus berkembang hingga saat ini untuk mencapai tujuan produksi gandum dengan hasil maksimal dan berkelanjutan di Indonesia. Penelitian bertujuan memperoleh informasi keragaan galur-galur gandum di agroekosistem dataran rendah tropika. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai Juni 2024 di Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo IPB dan Laboratorium Pemuliaan Tanaman, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura. Penelitian menguji 14 genotipe gandum (10 galur uji dan 4 varietas pembanding yaitu Dewata, Guri-5, Guri-6, dan Selayar). Penelitian menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) faktor tunggal dengan tiga ulangan sehingga terdapat 42 satuan percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa genotipe gandum berpengaruh nyata terhadap karakter luas daun bendera, umur berbunga, dan umur panen. Genotipe CBF7-63 memiliki luas daun bendera yang lebih tinggi dari genotipe CBF6-8(4) dan CBF7-115, sedangkan luas daun bendera galur-galur uji tidak berbeda nyata dengan varietas pembanding Selayar. Genotipe CBF7-63 memiliki umur berbunga yang berbeda nyata lebih lama dibandingkan dengan genotipe CBF6-8(4) dan pembanding Selayar. Umur panen pada galur uji dan pembanding tidak memiliki perbedaan yang nyata., Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the main ingredient for carbohydrate, and it is suitable for rice substitute in Indonesia because it has advantages over other foods for its higher protein content than rice and corn. Planting wheat in lowland areas is less desirable because it reduces the growth and yield potential. Wheat breeding has been continuously developing up to this day to achieve the purpose of wheat production with maximum and sustainable yields in Indonesia. Research aims to obtain information on the performance of wheat lines in tropical lowland agroecosystems. The research was conducted on February to June 2024 at the Leuwikopo IPB Experimental Field and the Plant Breeding Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture. Research evaluated 14 wheat genotypes (10 test lines and 4 comparison varieties, namely Dewata, Guri-5, Guri-6, and Selayar). Study used a single factor randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications, so there were 42 experimental units. The results showed that wheat genotype had a significant difference on flag leaf area, flowering time, and harvest time. The CBF7-63 genotype had a higher flag leaf area than the CBF6-8(4) and CBF7-115 genotypes, while the flag leaf area of the test lines was not significantly different from the comparison variety, Selayar. The CBF7-63 genotype has a significantly longer flowering period compared to the CBF6-8(4) genotype and the Selayar comparison. The harvest age of the evaluated lines and comparison varieties did not have a significant difference.
Keyword: convergent breeding, correlation, GVC, heritability, Selayar

Judul: Performance of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L) F2.5 Lines at Medium Elevation
Abstrak: Gandum (Triticum aestivum L) telah menjadi bahan pangan alternatif di Indonesia, terutama dalam bentuk tepung terigu. Volume impor gandum dan konsumsi tepung terigu di Indonesia terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Oleh karenanya perlu diatasi dengan merakit varietas adaptif dan berdaya hasil tinggi melalui program pemuliaan tanaman. Penelitian dilaksanakan di lahan petani Cisarua Bogor yang terletak pada ketinggian ± 600 m dpl pada bulan Januari hingga Mei 2020. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak dengan tiga ulangan. Bahan tanam yang digunakan terdiri atas 20 galur F2.5 hasil seleksi pedigree dari populasi HP1744/Selayar dan 3 varietas pembanding (Selayar, HP1744, dan Guri 3). Dua dari tiga varietas pembanding tidak tumbuh karena viabilitas benih sudah tidak baik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa galur-galur yang diuji memiliki keragaan yang kurang baik karena terjadi cekaman kekeringan dan suhu tinggi. Karakter agronomi yang berkorelasi nyata secara positif dengan bobot biji per tanaman adalah tinggi tanaman, panjang malai utama, jumlah spikelet, jumlah biji malai utama, jumlah biji malai anakan, jumlah anakan total, dan jumlah anakan produktif. Heritabilitas tinggi teramati pada karakter jumlah floret hampa malai utama, jumlah anakan produktif, dan umur panen. Karakter jumlah anakan produktif dan umur panen memiliki keragaman genetik yang luas., Wheat (Triticum aestivum L) has become an alternative food in Indonesia, especially in the form of wheat flour. The volume of Indonesia’s wheat imports and flour consumption has increase from year to year. Therefore it needs to be overcome by assembling adaptive and high-yielding wheat varieties through plant breeding programs. The research has done in Cisarua Bogor farmer land located at ± 600 m asl in January to May 2020. The research was conducted using a completely randomized block design with three replications. The plant material used consisted of twenty F2.5 lines from pedigree selection from HP1744/Selayar populations and three check varieties (Selayar, HP1744, and Guri 3). Two of the three check varieties did not grow because seed viability was not good. The result showed that the tested wheat lines had poor performance due to drought and high temperature stress. The agronomic character that correlate positively with grain weight per plant are plant height, length of main panicle, number of spikelet, number of main panicle seeds, number of tiller panicle seeds, total number of tillers, and number of productive tillers. The time to maturity character is negatively correlated with grain weight per plant. High heritability was observed in number of empty florets of the main panicle, number of productive tillers, and age of harvest. The characters of the number of productive tillers and has a time to maturity have wide genetic diversity variability.
Keyword: correlation, genetic variability, heritability, pedigree selection

Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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