Judul: Organizing system of forest and land fire control organization in Indonesia
Abstrak: Forest/land fire control in Indonesia has still been managed under an unclear organizing system connecting national, provincial and local level. This study aims at designing a conceptual model of organizing system of forest and land fire control. The model considers the fire situation, the positions and roles of currently involved organizations, the relationships among those organizations, and the effectiveness of key organizations. This study employes some methods of analysis including: ISM for the position and role of organizations, descriptive for analyzing the organizations’ profile, adaptation of Bolland and Wilson’s procedur for organizational relationships, and AHP for the organizational effectiveness. The research was held in Jakarta, Riau and West Kalimantan in mid 2009 until mid 2010. The analysis of fire situation realizes that the use of hotspot as an indicator of forest/land fire is supported. It also recognizes that in the last ten years, the number of hotspots tends to incline by 39,36% per year for the whole country, 47,15% for Riau and 111,71% for West Kalimantan. The study reveals that among the organizations involved in forest/land fire control, those managing forestry, agriculture, the environment and disaster take key position and roles in either one or more fields of fire control including prevention, suppression, and post-fire treatment. These organizations are then taken into consideration to play the main roles in the proposed organizing system. Ineffectual coordination among the observed organizations both within the same and between levels is also exposed. Most of the key organizations at national and provincial levels are categorized effective, although they are at low level effectiveness. While at district level, almost all key organizations are still ineffective. The study proposes a conceptual model of organizing system, integrating the forest/land fire control responsibility under the forestry agency at national, provincial and district levels. As the decentralization and autonomy policies require, the relationships among these forest/land fire control organizations between levels are in the form of coordination rather than commando. The implementation of proposed organizing system requires some conditions including: proper understanding on the principles of decentralization and autonomy and a strong legal foundation and commitment for establishing and developing the system. Meanwhile, upon its establishment, the system needs to determine clear visions and objectives, develop its capacities, enhance its interorganizational relationships, and provide any appropriate funding schemes in order to smoothly run in managing the forest/land fire control
Keyword: hotspot, coordination, forestry, disaster, capacity, Forest/land fire control, Indonesia, district level, interpretive structural modeling

Judul: A RS/GIS–Based Multi-Criteria Approaches to Assess Forest Fire Hazard in Indonesia (Case Study: West Kutai District, East Kalimantan Province)
Abstrak: Many forest ecosystems in Indonesia have undergone rapid changes, which certainly influencing in the forest structure and fuel properties. In addition to forest structure and fuel changes, increased number of people living in these environments and frequent extreme droughts as impacts of climate changes has led to extraordinary fire events which leads to several environmental problems including loss of forest as carbon sink, loss of biodiversity, transboundary haze pollution, as well as significant economic losses. Better management of forests and fire problems require spatial-temporal assessment providing important information for identifying and prioritizing fire planning needs. Fire hazard map determining the fire vulnerable areas is important information required to take decisions on fire prevention and suppression activities. To be effective, a comprehensive consideration for forest fire hazard assessment must accomodate a wide range of important determining variables that encompass biophysical and anthropogenic factors leading to occurrence of fire. Combining geomatics technology, including remote sensing and geographic information systems with either statistical or analytical hierarchy process (AHP) approaches offer more efficient and powerful on data acquisition and analysis related to fire hazard assessment. In this research different approaches used for assessing forest fire hazard in West Kutai district at different temporal resolutions: short-term and long-term fire probability assessment. Keetch and Byram Drought Index (KBDI) as a drought index indicating the atmospheric dryness used for short-term fire potential assessment. While long-term assessment encompass two different approaches to spatially model fire probability: binary logistic regression model and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The first model tried to base weights for fire occurence probability map based on historical fires as recorded by satellites (hotspots), while the AHP approach is based on judgement by asking experts in a systematic fashion. The result of this research showed that by combining between the daily KBDI indexs with hotspots occurences indicated that there is a strong positive association between KBDI index with hotspot occurences. The importance level of variable contributing to forest fire occurences resulted from both binary logistic regression model and the AHP model showed a quite similar pattern.
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Judul: Penetapan Umur Simpan Telur Asin Rendah Kolesterol pada Penyimpanan Suhu Ruang
Abstrak: Pemanfaatan telur bebek sebagai bahan pangan salah satunya yaitu telur asin. Namun, muncul kesadaran masyarakat akan tingginya kandungan kolesterol pada telur asin sehingga dikembangkan inovasi telur asin rendah kolesterol. Produk telur asin di pasaran memiliki umur simpan pendek tetapi belum diidentifikasi parameter penentu kerusakan produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan mutu dan menetapkan umur simpan telur asin selama penyimpanan suhu ruang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan membuat telur asin kemudian dilakukan pengemasan vakum, lalu disimpan hingga terjadi kerusakan pada suhu ruang. Penentuan umur simpan dilakukan dengan metode extended storage studies berdasarkan parameter kadar air, pH, kadar kolesterol, kecerahan, organoleptik, serta uji total plate count. Hasil karakteristik penyimpanan hari ke-10 telur asin diperoleh nilai tingkat kecerahan putih telur sebesar 25,96, kecerahan kuning telur 25,98, pH 7,19, kadar air putih telur 84,64%, kadar air kuning telur 38,72%, dan total mikroba 4,1 × 105 cfu/mL. Kadar kolesterol sebesar 233,39 mg/100 g pada hari pertama dan mengalami penurunan menjadi 131,61 mg/100 g pada hari kesepuluh. Mutu telur asin mengalami perubahan yang mengarah pada kerusakan selama penyimpanan suhu ruang. Telur asin tanpa kemasan memiliki umur simpan hingga 9 hari dengan total mikroba sebesar 1,0 x 105 cfu/mL., The utilization of duck eggs as a food ingredient includes salted eggs. However, public awareness of the high cholesterol content in salted eggs has led to the development of low-cholesterol salted egg innovations. Salted egg products in the market have a short shelf life, but the determining parameters for product spoilage have not been identified. This research aims to understand the quality changes and establish the shelf life of salted eggs during room temperature storage. The study involves producing salted eggs, vacuum packaging them, and then storing them at room temperature until spoilage occurs. The determination of the shelf life is based on extended storage studies, considering parameters such as moisture content, pH, cholesterol content, brightness, organoleptic, as well as a total plate count test. The characteristic results after 10 days of storage show that the brightness of the egg whites is 25.96, the brightness of the egg yolks is 25.98, pH is 7.19, the moisture content of egg whites is 84.64%, the moisture content of egg yolks is 38.72%, and the total microbial count is 4.1 × 105 cfu/mL. The cholesterol content decreases from 233.39 mg/100 g on the first day to 131.61 mg/100 g on the tenth day. The quality of salted eggs undergoes changes that lead to spoilage during room temperature storage. Unpackaged salted eggs have a shelf life of up to 9 days with a total microbial count of 1.0 x 105 cfu/mL.
Keyword: Duck eggs, Low cholesterol, Salted eggs, Shelf life