Judul: Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Impor di ASEAN+6 dan Uni Eropa-Amerika Utara: Pendekatan Panel Dinamis
Abstrak: Perdagangan internasional dianggap semakin penting karena dapat menciptakan hubungan antar negara menjadi semakin erat. Impor merupakan salah satu kegiatan dalam perdagangan internasional. Impor memiliki banyak peranan penting dalam perekonomian. Sejak terjadinya Krisis Finansial Asia (Asian Financial Crisis) yang menyebabkan beberapa negara di kawasan ASEAN+6 menganut sistem nilai tukar mengambang (floating exchange rate) maka nilai tukar mereka menjadi berfluktuasi dan memiliki volatilitas (resiko). Sehingga volatilitas nilai tukar diperkirakan berpengaruh terhadap impor. Model analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model panel dinamis. Variabel yang digunakan yaitu volume impor, GDP riil, nilai tukar riil, dan volatilitas nilai tukar riil dari tahun 2002 sampai tahun 2010. Hasil estimasi dengan menggunakan model panel dinamis menunjukan bahwa nilai tukar riil tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap volume impor untuk kasus seluruh kawasan (ASEAN+6 dan non ASEAN+6), sedangkan volume impor periode sebelumnya, GDP riil, dan volatilitas nilai tukar riil berpengaruh signifikan terhadap volume impor. Untuk kawasan ASEAN+6, semua variabel yaitu volume impor periode sebelumnya, GDP riil, nilai tukar riil, dan volatilitas nilai tukar riil berpengaruh signifikan terhadap volume impor, dimana volatilitas nilai tukar riil memiliki pengaruh positif dan merupakan variabel yang memiliki pengaruh paling besar terhadap volume impor. Sedangkan untuk kawasan non ASEAN+6, hanya GDP riil saja yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap volume impor.
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Judul: Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Volume Impor Indonesia dari ASEAN+6 melalui Moda Transportasi Laut
Abstrak: During period of 2007-2011, volumes of the Indonesian import were dominated by the raws material/goods from the ASEAN+6 countries carried through sea transport mode. However, Indonesia’s sea transport mode in the international trade were inefficient due to poor port infrastructure and logistics service thus it affect the time and cost to import . This research analyze the factors that influences volumes of the Indonesian import by sea transport mode from the ASEAN+6. The variables used in this research are GDP per capita of ASEAN+6, Indonesia’s GDP per capita, economic distance, real exchange rate, also non-economic variables such as Indonesia’s quality of port, political stability and government effectiveness. The gravity model used in this research shows that the variables of Indonesia’s GDP per capita and Indonesia’s quality of port are significantly having positive influence, while the variables of economic distance, real exchange rate, political stability and government effectiveness are significantly having negative influence.
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Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell