Judul: Ekspresi Gen Trypsin Inhibitor Sengon (Falcataria moluccana Miq.) yang Sehat dan Terserang Hama Boktor
Abstrak: Sengon (Falcataria moluccana Miq.) merupakan salah satu jenis cepat tumbuh yang kayunya banyak dimanfaatkan sehingga sering dibudidayakan terutama di Pulau Jawa. Adanya serangan hama penggerek batang boktor (Xystrocera festiva Thombs) terhadap sengon menyebabkan kerugian yang besar karena dapat menurunkan kualitas kayu dan menurunkan nilai jual kayu sengon. Secara alami tanaman sengon memiliki gen ketahanan terhadap serangan hama boktor, salah satunya adalah trypsin inhibitor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membandingkan tingkat ekspresi gen trypsin inhibitor pada kambium pohon sengon resisten dan terserang hama boktor secara kuantitatif dengan teknik Quantitative Real Time PCR. Gen target yang digunakan yaitu trypsin inhibitor (TI) dan gen Actin sebagai internal kontrol dirancang dari analisa data transkriptom sengon. Data Threshold cycle (CT) yang diperoleh kemudian dikuantifikasi menggunakan metode comparative CT method (2 -ΔΔCT). Hasil kuantifikasi menunjukkan tingkat ekspresi gen trypsin inhibitor pada ketiga sampel sengon resisten yaitu sebesar 1.90, 2.20, dan 2,85 sedangkan sengon terserang boktor sebesar 4.07, 2.05, dan 4.08. Rata-rata ekspresi gen trypsin inhibitor pada sengon terserang hama boktor lebih tinggi dibandingkan sengon yang resisten. Kata kunci: Falcataria moluccana, Trypsin Inhibitor, Quantitative Real Time PCR, Sengon (Falcataria moluccana Miq.) is highly demanded fast growing tree species which leads to the increasing sengon cultivation especially in Java. Boktor pest (Xystrocera festiva Thombs) decrease the quality of sengon wood, causing a high loss due to lower selling price of the log. Naturally sengon has resistance gene to defend itself from boktor pest attacks, and one of these genes is trypsin inhibitor. This study aimed to comparing the level of trypsin inhibitor gene expression in sengon’s cambium that is resistant and attacked by boktor pests. The analysis of gene expression level was carried out using the Real Time PCR technique. Primers of trypsin inhibitor (TI) gene as the target gene and Actin gene as the internal control were designed from sengon’s transcriptomic data analysis. Threshold cycle (CT) that obtained then quantified using comparative CT method (2 -ΔΔCT). Quantification results showed that the expression level of trypsin inhibitor from three resistant samples are 1.90, 2.20, and 2,85 while in sengon attacked by boktor are 4.07, 2.05, and 4,08. The average trypsin inhibitor gene expression in sengon attacked by boktor pest was higher than resistant ones. Keywords: Falcataria moluccana, Trypsin Inhibitor, Quantitative Real Time PCR
Keyword: Falcataria moluccana, Trypsin Inhibitor, Real Time PCR

Judul: Ekspresi Gen HSP 70 pada Sengon (Falcataria moluccana Miq.) Resisten dan Terserang Hama Boktor
Abstrak: Pohon sengon (Falcataria moluccana Miq.) merupakan salah satu pohon serba guna yang ada di Indonesia. Keberhasilan pembangunan hutan tanaman sengon dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor pembatas pertumbuhan, salah satunya adalah ketahanan terhadap serangan hama dan penyakit tanaman. Jenis hama yang paling umum diketahui adalah serangan hama penggerek batang (Xystrocera festiva Thombs.) atau sering dikenal sebagai boktor atau uter-uter. Secara alami tanaman sengon memiliki gen ketahanan terhadap serangan hama boktor, salah satunya yaitu gen Heat shock cognate 70 kDA protein (HSP 70). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji tingkat ekspresi gen HSP 70 secara kuantitatif terhadap kambium pohon sengon resisten dan sengon terserang hama boktor melalui teknik Real Time PCR. Nilai referensi yang dipilih berupa level ekspresi housekeeping gene menggunakan gen Actin 1 dan gen target menggunakan gen HSP 70, melalui perhitungan ΔCt = Cttarget gene – Cthousekeeping gene. Hasil menunjukkan gen HSP 70 lebih besar terekspresi pada sampel resisten dibandingkan dengan sampel terserang boktor., Sengon (Falcataria moluccana Miq.) is one of the most multipurpose trees in Indonesia. The success of sengon plantation forest development can be influenced by several growth limiting factors, one of these is resistance against pest and disease. The most common type of pest known is stalk borer (Xystrocera festiva Thombs.) or often known as boktor or uter-uter. Naturally, sengon plants have genes for resistance to boktor, one of them is the Heat shock cognate 70kDA Protein (HSP 70) gene. The study aims to test the expression of a gene HSP 70 in a quantitative manner against the cambium trees resistance and sengon attacked by boktor through Real Time PCR technique. The reference level selected housekeeping gene expression in the form of using genes Actin 1 and gene HSP 70 is used, trought calculation ΔCt = Cttarget gene – Cthousekeeping gene. Results showing that genes of HSP 70 greater expression in samples of resistance than infested by boktor.
Keyword: comparative CT method, Falcataria moluccana, HSP 70

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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