Judul: Study of Relevance between Soil Characteristic and Clasification with Landform, as an Evaluation for soil Mapping in Indonesia.
Abstrak: Survei dan pemetaan tanah di Indonesia belum dapat dikatakan tuntas, karena antara lain masalah tenaga dan biaya yang sangat besar. Salah satu pendekatan yang sudah diterapkan untuk percepatan ialah menerapkan metode pendekatan landform (Fisiografik Unit). Konsep ini didasarkan pada pandangan bahwa terdapat hubungan erat antara satuan landform dengan satuan tanah. Dari hasil pemetaan LREPP I dijumpai fakta yang menunjukkan bahwa dalam satu satuan landform, masih terdapat variasi karakteristik yang berimplikasi pada klasifikasi yang berbeda. Hal yang sama juga terindikasi kuat terjadi pada hasil survei dan pemetaan tanah yang lebih intensif yaitu tingkat semi detil skala 1:50.000 LREPP II. Fakta tersebut perlu dikaji lebih lanjut pada tingkat dan intensitas keragamannya untuk dijadikan sebagai dasar dalam penentuan pendekatan / metode survei yang digunakan selanjutnya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis konsistensi hubungan klasifikasi tanah dengan landform, mengetahui gambaran tingkat homogenitas dan heterogenitas karakteristik dan klasifikasi tanah pada suatu satuan landform dari hasil pemetaan terdahulu skala 1:50.000, dan mengidentifikasi karakteristik tanah penciri klasifikasi yang sulit diduga dari unsur-unsur landform dari hasil pemetaan terdahulu skala 1:50.000. Penelitian ini merupakan studi pustaka dari hasil-hasil survei dan pemetaan tanah LREPP II yang tersedia di arsip data base Balai Besar Litbang Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian (BBSDLP), Jl. Ir. H. Juanda No. 98 Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan Uji Tabular dan Analisis Koefisien Keragaman (KK) internal karakteristik tanah penciri landform dan KK karakteristik tanah penciri antar landform. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keragaman jenis tanah yang terdapat pada suatu landform masih sangat tinggi walaupun pada landform tersebut mempunyai faktor pembentuk tanah yang dianggap homogen. Keragaman yang tinggi juga terjadi pada karakteristik tanah penciri yang terdapat di dalamnya. Kedua hal tersebut, menunjukkan bahwa sistem pendekatan landform (fisiografi) dalam pemetaan tanah tidak berarti dapat sertamerta mendelineasi satuan tanah pada suatu landform.
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Judul: Diversity of Soil Characteristics in Field and Its Relation with Landform Spatial Pattern at Agrotechnopark Koleberes, Cianjur
Abstrak: Soil mapping in detail scale needs a high intensity of observation and costly. To decrease the cost, the mapping usually done using an approach of delineation of soil forming factors into homogeneous sets. This approach is based on an assumption that if soil forming factors are homogeneous then the soil characteristics will also homogeneous. However various survey experiences indicated that at sloping areas, soil characteristics still vary although soil forming factors show a high homogeneity. The aim of this research is to study soil characteristics observed from boring with a high observation intensity and to search for a spatial relation between soil characteristics and classification with spatial distribution of landform at a slopping areas. Materials of this research comprised contour map, geology map, existing soil map and soil data covering profile description and its of physic and chemical data. GIS software (Arc View GIS 3.3) was used for spatial analysis of landform. In this research, landform are delineated based on an 1:1000 contour map considering the concept of “Model Diagram of Nine Land Surface” of Dalrymple et. al. (1968; in Darmawan, 1987). Field characteristics of soil were obtained from borings taken at the close distances along slope transects. Observation conducted at some slope transects across various landforms. Soils on research location formed from parent material which is relatively homogeneous under the influence of the same climate, organism and times. Meanwhile relief/ topography shows a high heterogeneity, with differences that even happened at a narrow space. This heterogeneity is reflected by existence of various landform i.e. convex-rather flat-upper slope, straight-flat to rather steep middle slope, concave-rather steep lower slope, etc. Soil field characteristics obtained from boring observation at close distances show very high variations as shown by variation in composition and depth of horizon A and B, soil colour, texture and consistency. This phenomenon could affect the soil classification at family and series level. Toposequently, from upper slope (convex) through the mid slope (straight), to the lower slope (concave) had a tendency to have more complex horizon composition. This phenomenon was due to the dominant process of erosion at the upper slope, and deposition at the lower slope.
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Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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