Judul: Metode pengaturan hasil hutan tanaman eucalyptus berdasarkan optimasi tegakan persediaan nyata dan erosi tanah
Abstrak: The grouping of site quality and controlling of soil erosion in eucalypt plantation forest is very important to be considered in the yield regulation method establishment. The objective of this research is to establish the yield regulation method that can provide the same yield every year with soil erosion constraint that does not exceed determined threshold. To achieve this objective the following stages are required: preparation of site quality class, determination of erosion hazard level and determination of residual stand density so that soil erosion can be tolerated. Data were collected from permanent sample plots and observations in the field. Stand characteristics, soil runoff and erosion were analyzed using regression, clustering site quality and soil erosion hazard level. The research results showed that yield regulation method based on optimization between growing stock and soil erosion control may giving both the optimal sustainable annual wood production and soil erosion control, so that land productivity can be maintained continuously. With this yield regulation method, the site quality is getting better, cutting cycle is getting shorter. Group of site index (Bonita) I and II has a maximum volume increment at the age of 8 years, while the bonita III and IV have a maximum volume increment at the age of 7 years. Soil erosion will increase with the increase of sloping terrain. While increasing stand age will decrease soil erosion. The maximum limit of tolerable soil erosion was at the slope of 33%. Slopes of 34-45%, 46-58%, and more than 58% , require crown cover of 21%, 38%, and 53% respectively which are equivalent to residual stand density of 288 trees/ha, 530 trees/ha, and 735 trees/ha respectively. The study found that the optimum cutting cycle in the eucalypt plantation forest is 7 years. The yield regulation method based on modified Von Mantel formula is AY’ is annual yield based on modified Von Mantel formula, AY is annual yield based on Von Mantel formula, AG is actual growing stock, R is cutting cycle, and FkD is Darwo correction Factor for soil erosion constraint.
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Judul: Simulasi Pengaturan Hasil Hutan Kayu Berdasarkan Jumlah Pohon pada Hutan Alam Produksi di Kalimantan Timur
Abstrak: Yield regulation used in The Bussiness Plan (RKU) long term 10 years using a method based on the volume of timber and extensive acreage. Determination of annual allowable production based on volume and wide can describe the availability of the raw material wood round, but could not become the tool of control sustainable natural production forest because of the current forest conditions the high fells of the former forest. Therefore, the simulation of yield regulation based on the number of trees conducted to improve the methods and complete the aspects of yield regulation as long as it is used in every company of forestry. This research using the methods which is, group of types and trees diameter, calculation of the number of trees, simulation calculation of the stands are worthy of slash, classification of plots, and mapping the distribution of plots. Analysis of data was conducted on the calculation of the stand’s volume by using a formula that based on the research of Direktorat Jenderal Bina Program Kehutanan Edisi Khusus (DJBPKEK) No. 51 A tahun 1983 with the formula V = 0.0001234 D2,49130 for the Dipterocarpaceae and V = 0.0001450 D2,42950 for the non Dipterocarpaceae. Simulations was carried out with two approaches, with and without observe to access. Approach with regard to access is the yield regulation approach in the form of a grouping of the plots cutting which will be managed by considering access, while approach without regard to access is the yield regulation appoarch in the form of a grouping of the swath slash which will be managed by the assumption that all of the plots cutting can be accessed, so the company can manage all plots cutting. The result of research about yield regulation simulation based on the number of trees shows that the length of cutting rotation is 70 years, by the standing stock at least up to 50 cm, 25 tree/ha. Annual quota of production based on the number of trees in diameter 50 cm up as many as a year 15.843 tree with a volume of 40.467 m3/years, and the acreage of 800 ha a year.
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Judul: Trichomonas Gallinae Penyebab Trichomonosis Pada Unggas
Abstrak: Trichomonas gallinae adalah protozoa yang bergerak aktof dengan keempat flagella yang mempunyai layar dan pada salah satu sisinya terdapat membran seperti sirip ikan yang berombak. Spesies dari genus Trichomonas ini mempunyai arti penting pada unggas, karena dapat menyebabkan infeksi pada alat pencernaan bagian atas.
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