Judul: Analisis Hemoglobin Pada Daging Sapi Menggunakan Metode Pencitraan Digital Dengan Prinsip Kolorimetri
Abstrak: Daging sapi merupakan bahan pangan asal hewan yang kebutuhannya terus meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya jumlah penduduk. Kualitas daging yang dikonsumsi harus diperhatikan. Salah satu uji yang dilakukan untuk analisis kualitas daging yaitu melihat kesempurnaan pengeluaran darah. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kemampuan kamera ponsel dan scanner dalam mengukur kadar hemoglobin pada daging sapi yang disembelih menggunakan metode stunning dan non stunning. Penelitian ini menggunakan 9 sapi yang disembelih dengan metode stunning dan 9 ekor non stunning. Masing-masing sapi diambil sampel daging musculus longissimus dorsi (n=9) untuk analisis kadar hemoglobin. Daging dicacah untuk dibuat ekstrak. Ekstrak daging yang telah direaksikan dengan malachite green kemudian diuji menggunakan spektrofotometer, kamera ponsel dan scanner. Gambar dari kamera ponsel dan scanner kemudian diolah dengan menggunakan aplikasi ImageJ. Hasil uji korelasi mengindikasikan adanya hubungan yang sangat kuat antara kamera ponsel dan spektrofotometer, serta hubungan kuat antara scanner dan spektrofotometer. Hasil pengukuran kadar Hb menggunakan kamera ponsel dan scanner memiliki kesesuaian dengan spektrofotometer. Kamera ponsel dan scanner dapat digunakan sebagai alat untuk menganalisis kadar hemoglobin pada daging sapi yang disembelih menggunakan metode stunning dan non stunning., Beef is a food of animal origin whose demand continues to increase along with the increasing population. The quality of meat consumed must be considered. One of the tests carried out to measure the quality of meat is to see the perfection of blood expenditure. This study was conducted to determine the ability of cellphone cameras and scanners to measure hemoglobin levels in beef slaughtered using stunning and non-stunning methods. This study used 9 cows that were slaughtered using stunning method and 9 cows that were slaughtered using non- stunning method. Each cow was sampled from the musculus longissimus dorsi muscle (n=9) for hemoglobin analysis. Beef was shredded to make extracts. Beef extract that has been reacted with malachite green is then tested using a spectrophotometer, camera phone and scanner. The results of the images from the camera phone and scanner were then processed using the ImageJ. The correlation test results indicated a very strong relationship between camera phones and spectrophotometers, as well as a strong relationship between scanners and spectrophotometers. The results of measuring Hb levels using cell phone cameras and scanners are in agreement with the spectrophotometer. Mobile phone cameras and scanners can be used as tools to analyze hemoglobin levels in beef slaughtered using stunning and non-stunning methods.
Keyword: ImageJ, kadar hemoglobin daging, kolorimetri, penyembelihan non stunning, penyembelihan stunning, colorimetry, meat hemoglobin levels, non-stunning slaughter, stunning slaughter

Judul: The Influence of Slaughter Methods on Stress Level and Meat Hemoglobin Level Based on Colorimetric Analysis
Abstrak: Daging sapi merupakan komoditas ketahanan pangan domestik yang permintaannya meningkat setiap tahun dan diperhatikan kualitasnya melalui uji kesempurnaan pengeluaran darah. Terdapat dua metode penanganan penyembelihan, yaitu stunning dan non stunning. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan kadar hemoglobin daging dan diferensial leukosit dari sapi yang disembelih stunning dan non-stunning. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 9 daging sapi dan 9 darah sapi dari sapi yang berbeda-beda. Daging sapi diekstraksi dan diuji Malachite Green untuk menentukan kesempurnaan pengeluaran darah. Ekstrak daging kemudian diukur kadar hemoglobinnya menggunakan spektrofotometer, scanner, dan kamera ponsel. Hasil citra/gambar yang didapat dari scanner dan kamera ponsel kemudian diolah menggunakan ImageJ. Sampel darah yang diambil kemudian dihitung leukosit dan rasio neutrofil-limfositnya. Hasil dianalisis menggunakan SPSS. Hasil pengukuran hemoglobin menggunakan spektrofotometer BOECO, spektrofotometer Vernier, scanner, dan kamera ponsel dari sampel stunning berturut-turut adalah 7,0±2,5; 5,7±1,8; 10,2±3,0; 3,1±2,0 dan dari sampel non stunning berturut-turut adalah 3,5±1,5; 2,7±0,5; 10,5±2,2; 2,9±0,5. Perbandingan kadar hemoglobin antara kedua sampel tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan. Jumlah leukosit menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata dan lebih tinggi dari kadar normal. Scanner dan kamera ponsel memiliki potensi baik sebagai alternatif pengganti spektrofotometer untuk kolorimetri., Beef is domestic food security commodity whose demand is increasing every year and its quality is considered through a bleeding perfection test. Two methods of handling slaughter are stunning and non stunning. This study aims to determine the comparison of the hemoglobin content of meat and the differential of leukocytes from stunning and non-stunning slaughtered cows. The samples used were 9 beef and 9 beef blood from different cows. The beef is extracted and tested with Malachite Green to determine the perfection of blood drainage. The meat extract was measured for its hemoglobin level using spectrophotometer, scanner, and cell phone camera. The results of the image from scanner and phone cameraii are then processed using ImageJ. The blood samples were counted for leukocytes and neutrophil-limphocyte ratio. The results were analyzed on SPSS. The results of hemoglobin measurements using the BOECO spectrophotometer, Vernier spectrophotometer, scanner, and phone camera from stunning samples were 7,0±2,5; 5,7±1,8; 10,2±3,0; 3,1±2,0 and from non-stunning samples, 3,5±1,5; 2,7±0,5; 10,5±2,2; 2,9±0,5 that showed no significant difference. Leukocyte total showed a signifficant difference and also higher than normal. Scanner and cell phone cameras have good potential as an alternative to spectrophotometers for colorimetry.
Keyword: beef, colorimetry, leukocyte, non stunning, neutrophile-limphocyte ratio, stunning

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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