Judul: Pembuatan dan Karakterisasi Sensor Gas Amonia Berbasis Polianilin
Abstrak: Prinsip kerja sensor gas amonia (NH3) berbasis polianilin (PANI) yaitu lapisan tipis PANI dikenai gas amonia. Perubahan sifat listrik lapisan tipis PANI dimanfaatkan sebagai sensor pendeteksi gas. Variasi konsentrasi dopant HCl pada sintesis dengan cara kimia biasa berpengaruh pada sifat listrik polianilin. Berdasarkan data hasil percobaan, semakin besar konsentrasi gas amonia yang diberikan resistansi PANI semakin kecil. Semakin besar konsentrasi gas amonia yang diberikan maka konduktansi PANI semakin tinggi. Variasi dopant HCl berpengaruh terhadap kinerja sensor, yaitu mempengaruhi tegangan jatuh sensor setelah dikenai gas amonia. Konsentrasi dopant yang lebih tinggi menghasilkan tegangan jatuh yang perubahannya lebih besar dibandingkan dengan konsentrasi dopant yang lebih rendah.
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Judul: Sensor Field Effect TransistorBerbasisNanoseratPolianilin untukMengukur Konsentrasi Gas Amonia
Abstrak: Gas sensors can be made of metal, metal oxide, organic conductive polymers. Gas sensors of organic conductive polymers have superiority such as showing good sensitivity to the vapors of organic compounds and can be used at room temperature. Polyaniline nanofiber as active layers of Field Effect Transistor (FET) sensor sensitive in responding to ammonia gas (NH3). This research consists of manufacturing and characterization of FET sensor and determine the sensitivity of the FET sensor. FET sensor is made by oxidizing silicon wafers (the type-p Si) as layer dielectric (SiO2) and coating polyaniline nanofiber on SiO2 layers. On the type-p Si layer isset with gate electrode while polyaniline nanofiber layer is set with drain and source. When the FET sensor is given with more negative gate voltage so that drain-source current increases. Sensitivity value of FET sensor at Vg = 0 V is obtained 3.4215 V/% and Vg = -5 V is obtained 3.9018 V/%. The sensitivity test results showsmore and more negative gate voltage is given to be the greater the greater sensitivity value.
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Judul: Biology and ecology of the buffalo fly, haematobia exigua de meijere (diptera:muscidae)
Abstrak: The life history of the buffalo fly was observed at room temperature of 27°-29.5°C and at a relative humidity of 48-68 percent. The eggs hatched after 17-22 hours, with an average of 18 hours. First instar larvae measured 1.25 + 0.16 mm long and 0.27 + 0.037 mm wide. reach the second larval stage. It took 6-12 hours to the second instar larvae measured 2.676 +0.187 mm long and 0.353 +0.028 mm wide. The second instar took about 12-24 hours to reach the third larval stage. The third instar measured 6.833 + 0.189 mm long and 0.919 + 0.051 mm wide. It took about 2-3 days for the third instar to become pupae. Duration of the pupal stage was about 5-7 days before the adults emerged. Under laboratory condition, the buffalo fly completed its life cycle in 9.5 to 10.5 days, whereas under field condition it took 9-14 days with an average of 10.5 days. The growth ratio which was based on the measurements of the cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton of each instar was 1.797. The preoviposition period was 8-12 days and mating usually occurred on the 6th or 7th day. The longevity of the male was 29 days, whereas it was 32 days in the female. The range of egg production under laboratory condition was between 20-139 per female fly. The belly and hind legs of the carabao were the most preferred habitat either during cloudy and cool dry or shiny and warm day. When the weather was clear and the carabao was in the shade, the flies tended to be more distributed particularly on the shoulder, dewlap, back and horns. The carabaos had relatively fewer Musca sp. and Stomoxys calcitrans than cattle; never the less carabaos had a higher infestation of buffalo fly than cattle. Oviposition occured either during the day or night but the buffalo flies were more active during the night than in the day time. The effect of various lengths of exposure time of manure in relation to the oviposition was profound. observed, the maximum number of the buffalo flies was occurred when the dung was exposed for 30 minutes. With increasing time of exposure the number and variety of insects also increase. It was evident that Sepsidae and psychodidae were the most dominant insects emerging from the dung. The number of buffalo flies also increased with increasing
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