Judul: “Transformation and Rural Digital Welfare; A Comparative Study of Coastal and Mountainous Villages in Banyuwangi Regency”.
Abstrak: Banyuwangi Regency is a lagging area before the entry of digital technology. The poverty rate in the village is quite high and difficult to access transportation. Along with the entry of the Industrial era 4.0 villages experienced poverty a second time in the form of information asymmetry, namely digital poverty or digital poverty. Since the enactment of Village Law No. 6 of 2014, regional leaders have immediately taken innovative steps to transform traditional villages into digital villages. The transformation was carried out through the provision of an online public service called 'Smart Kampung'. The existence of transformation inequality by local governments creates a digital divide among technology beneficiaries. The transformation presented to the village has not been accompanied by good information and digital literacy, so many villagers have not been able to take advantage of it. Digital technology intervention in villages needs to be maximized in order to improve welfare and become a new social capital for sustainable village development. Thus this research aims to; 1) analyze the direction and process of transforming non-digital villages into digital villages in the highland and coastal countryside of Banyuwangi Regency; 2) analyze the use of digital technologies that affect changes in socio-economic status, culture , and welfare of rural communities highlands and coastal areas of Banyuwangi Regency; 3) identify driving agents for the transformation of non-digital villages towards digital villages, and 4) formulate development sustainability ddigital technology that is able to encourage increased productivity of the village economy. This research uses qualitative methods assisted by quantitative data and data collection conducted through surveys, observations, interviews, and focus group discussions. In addition, secondary data collection is also obtained through literature studies and accompanying documentation. The research was conducted in two villages with different ecologies, namely Tamansari highland villages, Licin district, and Ketapang coastal village, Kalipuro district, Banyuwangi regency. The research began on November 20, 2019, and ended on October 25, 2020. Based on the results of research, digital technology interventions in villages have succeeded in changing the lives of rural communities from traditional to digital-based communities. The change resulted in an increase in the welfare of rural communities by 20.37%. The change of the public service system to online has been able to increase the effectiveness of work up to 50 times. Marketing local products through the Facebook social media network is known to be able to increase income while increasing the digital capabilities of citizens in using digital technology devices. Thus, the village has succeeded in reducing the gap in basic digital. The use of digital technology in the village is influenced by the diversity of access and ownership of devices, in addition to demographic social conditions. In contrast, geographical conditions do not affect the intervention of digital technology in the village due to its borderless and timeless nature. Research reveals that the community group of Smartphone device users has a higher level of well-being than the group. Therefore, the diversity of access and devices affects a person's digital ability to utilize digital technology. Research reveals that the use of digital technology affects the diversity
Keyword: Agent of Change, Digital Technology, Gemeinschaft, Smart Kampung, Social Transformation

Judul: Transformational Leadership Communication in Village Website in Utilization
Abstrak: Komunitas pedesaan paling membutuhkan konektivitas digital untuk mengimbangi keterpencilan mereka dalam mengakses informasi. Beragam upaya telah dilakukan pemerintah untuk mengatasi ketimpangan akses informasi, salah satunya melalui Undang-Undang Desa Pasal 86 mengenai Sistem Informasi Pembangunan Desa dan Pembangunan Kawasan Perdesaan. Dalam UU tersebut jelas disebutkan bahwa desa berhak mendapatkan akses informasi melalui sistem informasi yang dikembangkan oleh Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten atau Kota. Tetapi pada kenyataannya, belum semua pemerintah daerah kabupaten atau kota memfasilitasi itu, sehingga peran kepala desa sebagai pemimpin tertinggi di pemerintahan desa dapat menjadi kunci strategis untuk membuka akses informasi dengan memanfaatkan TIK melalui website desa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menganalisis proses pembentukan website desa; (2) menganalisis komunikasi kepemimpinan transformasional kepala desa dalam pemanfaatan website desa; dan (3) menganalisis efek pemanfaatan website desa terhadap pembangunan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Warungbanten, Kecamatan Cibeber, Kabupaten Lebak, Provinsi Banten, dari bulan Februari-Mei 2021. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan paradigma konstruktivis. Desain penelitian ini yaitu studi kasus. Teori yang digunakan adalah Teori Actor-Network Theory dan kepemimpinan transformasional. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Informan dipilih menggunakan snowball sampling yang terdiri dari Kepala Desa, Kaur Keuangan, Pengelola Website, Relawan TIK, Jurnalis Banten, Pendamping Lokal Desa, Pengrajin, Wakil Kasepuhan, Pemuda Desa, Petani, Mantri Tani dan Pengurus Komunitas Open Sistem Informasi Desa (Open SID). Proses wawancara dilakukan secara tatap muka langsung, zoom meeting dan telepon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepala desa melalui komunikasi kepemimpinan transformasional dalam pemanfaatan website desa dapat mengurangi digital inequality di Desa Warungbanten. Dari keempat komponen kepemimpinan transformasional, pengaruh yang diidealkan merupakan komponen yang paling kuat terkait efektivitas seorang kepala desa. Efek dari komunikasi kepala desa terhadap individu adalah motivasi, kepercayaan, dan dukungan dalam pemanfaatan website desa. Pemanfaatan website desa berefek pada meluasnya informasi tentang desa kepada khalayak luas, manajemen data desa lebih efektif dan efisien, meningkatnya transparansi keuangan, meningkatnya produktivitas ekonomi lokal dan mendapatkan berbagai penghargaan., Rural communities need digital connectivity the most to compensate for their remoteness in accessing information. Various efforts have been made by the government to overcome inequality in access to information, one of which is through Article 86 of the Village Law concerning Village Development Information Systems and Rural Area Development. The law clearly states that the village has the right to get access to information through the information system developed by the Regency or City Government. But in reality, not all district or city governments have facilitated it, so the role of the village head as the highest leader in village government can be a strategic key to open access to information by utilizing ICT through village websites. This study aims to: (1) analyze the process of forming a village website; (2) analyze the transformational leadership communication of the village head in the utilization of the village website; and (3) analyze the effect of using village websites on the development. This research was conducted in Warungbanten Village, Cibeber District, Lebak Regency, Banten Province, from February-May 2021. The research method used was a qualitative method with a constructivist paradigm. The design of this research is a case study. This study
Keyword: Actor-Network Theory (ANT), komunikasi kepemimpinan, transformasional, website desa, TIK

Judul: Sintesis 1-Kloro-2-metoksi-6-propilnaftalena-1,3-dioksolana (1:1) sebagai Prekursor Asam (S)-(+)-(6-Metoksi-2-naftil)propanoat
Abstrak: Senyawa 1-kloro-2-metoksi-6-propilnaftalena-1,3-dioksolana (1:1) sebagai prekursor asam (S)-(+)-(6-metoksi-2-naftil)propanoat disintesis dari bahan awal 2-metoksinaftalena. Tahapan sintesis diawali dengan klorinasi menggunakan 2 jenis pereaksi klorinasi, yakni isosianurat terklorinasi dan NaOCl. Klorinasi dengan isosianurat terklorinasi berhasil menyintesis 1-kloro-2-metoksinaftalena sebagai produk monoklorinasi melalui pencirian dengan kromatograf gas-spektrometer massa (GC-MS). Nisbah konversi produk paling efisien diperoleh pada laju penambahan 2.5 mmol/jam. Sebaliknya, klorinasi dengan NaOCl menghasilkan produk triklorinasi. 1-Kloro-2-metoksinaftalena selanjutnya diasilasi dengan propanoil klorida, tetapi analisis dengan GC menunjukkan bahwa produk asilasi tidak terbentuk. Sistem bebas-air diperlukan untuk keberhasilan proses asilasi tersebut.
Keyword: isosianurat terklorinasi, NaOCl, nisbah konversi