Judul: Identifikasi Faktor Penyebab Deforestasi dan Reforestasi Ditinjau dari Aspek Sosial Ekonomi (Kasus di KPH Kuningan, Perum Perhutani Unit III Jawa Barat dan Banten)
Abstrak: Deforestation is conversion of forest into other land use/land cover due to forest exploitation, agricultural expansion, settlement development or other activities. Deforestation resulted in wildlife habitat loss and forest cover decline. Meanwhile reforestation is recovery of forest area resulted from natural regeneration or planted. Deforestation and reforestation merely is not happening in the forest or protected forest conservation, but also occur in production forests. Production forests located in Java Island is managed by Perum Perhutani. According Ichsan (2006), in general, the existence of forest is surrounded by villages with social conditions, economic classified as poor. Ownership of land by the community is very narrow, having low technological capabilities, scarcity of capital as well as limited access to public services. These conditions have made the villagers who are living around the forest are difficult to rise from poverty. Moreover revenue contribution of forest land is not optimal for for the community This study aims to determine level of deforestation and reforestation (of natural forests and forest plantations) in KPH Kuningan and identify its socioeconomic factors associated with deforestation and reforestation. The results of this research may be contributed to formulation of programs to reduce deforestation and increase reforestation of Perum Perhutani. This research was conducted in KPH Kuningan start of the month from June to December 2009. The tools used in this study is a set of computers equipped with software Arc View GIS 3.2, ERDAS Imagine 9.1, SPSS 15.0, and Microsoft Office Excel 2007; Global Positioning System (GPS), voice recorder, digital camera; questionnaire (Forest Village Community Forest Village Community Institution); and stationery. The materials used are Landsat 7 ETM (March 2002) and 5 TM (March 2009) path/row 121/65, RBI Indonesia map scale 1: 25.000, the potential of the village in 2006, statistics of Registration Forest Village Community Institution to KPH Kuningan In May 2009, and Recapitulation Results Vulnerability Identification Zone (Red/Green Area Zone) during July- December 2008 KPH Kuningan. In the period 2002-2009, deforestation occurred in Kuningan District of about 16.305,93 ha from total forest area of 29.618,19 ha. There were two villages taken as sample area namely, Sukarapih village with deforestation of - 4.20 ha/year, and Segong Village with reforestation of about 6.77 ha/year. Based on statistical analysis using logistic regression models, it was found that socioeconomic factors have gave significantly affect to deforestation were revenues, forest disturbance, and knowledge about the existence of state forestry logging. While socioeconomic factors significantly affect reforestation was participation in the reforestation of state forestry activities.
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Judul: Peran Pengelolaan Hutan Bersama Masyarakat dalam Mengatasi Masalah Pencurian Kayu Studi Kasus di KPH Jember Perum Perhutani Unit II Jawa Timur
Abstrak: Forest could simply be defined as a unified ecosystem in which the biological resources are dominated by trees that are tightly bound each other, in terms of environmental balances. Due to the various potential applications of any forestry resources, make forest prone to any missed-law exploitations (e.g., illegal logging). As a consequence, to negate the number of illegal logging, Perum Perhutani has initiated a program_Forest Management based of Community (PHBM). Hence, this study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PHBM as an effort to cut-down illegal logging especially in the boundary of KPH Jember Perum Perhutani Unit II East Java. This research was conducted by employing such stratification-of-random-sampling method, with group classifications of monthly income and occupation. Additionally, selection of the villages was according to the purposive–sampling method. There were two distinguishable data utilized such as: (i) primary data (field studies and interview of 90 respondents) and (ii) secondary data (information found in books, scientific journals, thesis, dissertation and other documentary resources). The data showed several concluding remarks of illegal logging characteristics, such as (a) types of wood being stolen, likely sengon, teak and mahogany, (b) diameter of the tree of approximately 10-30 cm, (c) reason for selecting such diameter as it is easy to transport, and (d) the illegal logging becomes a major alternative way for the local people to fit out them necessaries. Furthermore, the number of the illegal logging in 2008-2012 decreased from 229 to 118 cases, except for the RPH Mumbulsari which was still increased. The main role of local people for tackling illegal logging located in RPH Mumbulsari, RPH Garahan and RPH Jelbuk was done by patrol activities including making such control-posts in certain locations. However, the data showed the effectiveness of PHBM program on the RPH Mumbulsari wherein a pattern of mixed-planting between teak and crops (palawija) implemented could not reduce the number of illegal logging significantly, whereas one that a pattern of mixed planting between pine and crops or coffee (RPH Garahan and RPH Jelbuk) carried out showed the positive impacts by the reduced number of illegal logging. Keywords: PHBM, illegal logging, forest, Perum Perhutani.
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Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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