Judul: Nilai Fisik dan Sosial Vegetasi Pekarangan dalam Penurunan Konsentrasi Partikel Debu di Desa Gunung Putri Kecamatan Gunung Putri, Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: Rapid developments in various fields, have caused both positive and negative impacts, such as decline environmental quality. Gunung Putri Village as one of the villages located in an overcrowded area of settlement, industry and transportation, is very vulnerable to communal health problems especially due to Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM). One effort to anticipate decline in health quality is through conservation programme for better environmental health. This program could be initiated from the people’s closest environment by improving homegarden quality. Apart from the physical factors of the homegarden, its quality is also influence by the owner’s attitude. Therefore, study of the effects of homegarden and community attitudes on homegarden should be conducted. This research has the objective to determine the physical and social values of homegarden vegetation that influenced the reduction of SPM value on air, and factors related to community attitudes and the functions and existence of homegarden. This research would provide information on the importance of homegarden in reducing air pollution due to SPM, thus it is expected that community could be aware and participated in homegarden maintenance, as well as to provide inputs to related institutions as references for prevention of air pollution by SPM. The research was conducted on June 2009 – August 2009 in Gunung Putri Village Bogor and Water an Air Laboratory of SEAMEO Biotrop Bogor. Based on shading criteria, sample plots were divided into three groups; Dense Shade (SR), Sufficient Shade (R) and Least Shade (TR). Control plot ( K)comprised of plot with no vegetation. Measurement of dust sample analysis then carried out followed by study on community attitudes on the functions and the existence of homegarden. Several parameters that were expected to influence the value of SPM were total area of crown projection, Leaf Area Index (LAI) and height of tree, while factors influencing attitudes were age, formal education, occupation and duration of living on the area. Research results showed that SPM on air experienced a decline with increasing vegetation shade. Height of tree and LAI were negatively correlated with SPM values, meaning in an increase of LAI values and tree height would reduce the value of SPM. Tree height significantly effect (P-value = 0.021 < α) on reducing SPM by (y = 920.4 -59.66 x) and LAI also has significantly effect (P-value = 0.092 < α) in reducing SPM by (y = 2762 – 944.8 x). The majority of respondents (76.74%) had positive attitudes, meaning that they understand and directly felt the benefit of homegarden, while the rest had average value of attitudes. Attitudes directly influence by the age, duration of living in the area and occupation. The older a respondents get, the more positive attitudes he/she showed. Similar results were obtained for duration of living. The occupation influences attitude based on direct interaction with SPM.
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Judul: Dampak Pencemaran Udara Terhadap Tumbuhan di Kebun Raya Bogor
Abstrak: The Bogor Botanical Garden is the one of the biggest and most complete botanical garden in the world. But recently, pollution sources around of the garden such as motor vehicles could be harms to the garden. Air pollution gasses such as SO,,NO, and Pb particle are released by the motor vehicles and known as a phytotoxic agent. The objective of this research is to study the impact of the air pollution on the vegetation by measuring; concentration of SO,, NO, and Pb particles in the air, chlorotic and necrotic damage level on the leaves, damage percentage and the measurement of the cells and chlorophyll content in the leaves. This research was conducted from August 1997 to Februw 1998. Research used seven plots and nineteenth plants species of dicotyl class. Air pollution gasses were observed by Spectrophotometer and Pb particles by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Chlorotic and necrotic damages were observed by magnifying glass, cells damages and measurement by microscope, and leaves chlorophyll content by Spectrophotometer. Varian, regression and descriptive analysis analyzed data. The result of this research shows that pollution by SO2, NO2 gasses and Pb particles in the air of the garden mostly higher in every side of the garden. NO2 and Pb particles polluted the garden over the threshold limit allowed. Statistic analysis result that from the three pollutants in the air observed NO2 was only significant between plots. The concentration was mostly influenced by -amount of motor vehicles and wind directions. The impact on the vegetation showed that there are no both chlorotic and necrotic on the 19 plant species observed, so it was classified as zero in Kovack's levels. Cells damage was variously founded from one species to another. The highest damage was founded on F. Racemosa, V.cofassus and T. Hornemanium, which are growth on the roadside plots and highly air pollutant concentration. Chlorophyll content are significant different between species in each plot and was influenced by air pollution. The impact on kenari (C. vulgare) plant clearly observed that the leave cells anatomy measured become narrower, chlorophyll content lower and Pb particles higher when the air pollutants concentration are high.
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Judul: Embriogenesis ikan buta (Astyanax fasciatus)
Abstrak: Ikan buta Astyanax fasciatus adalah spesies ikan unik dari famili Characidae yang menempati perairan dalam gua di Wilayah La Cueva Chica-San Luis Potasi-Mexico. Ikan ini memiliki mata yang tereduksi (Blind Cavefish) dan warna kulit merah muda, pucat serta mengkilap.
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