Judul: Pengaruh irradiasi sinar gamma cobalt 60 terhadap perubahan karakter morfologi, molekuler dan senyawa aktif tanaman sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wallich Ex Ness).
Abstrak: Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wallich Ex Ness) is a medicinal plant that became the pre-eminent national and prospective to be developed in Indonesia. Self pollination from sambiloto affected of the low of genetic variation. Irradiation is one strategy that can be used to increase the genetic diversity for economically important characters and improve the content of the active compounds in medicinal plants. One method to increase the genetic diversity is by using irradiation. The change of mutan character in medicinal plants by irradiation can be detected by morphological and molecular. Detection of characters change by morphology character is done by observing changes in phenotype, while in molecular character can be done at the DNA level by PCR analysis. The aim of this research was to change mutan character of sambiloto plants by irradiaton with gamma rays on morphology and molecular character. Seeds of sambiloto in clean plastic were irradiated in Cobalt 60 Gamma Chamber machine with dose treatment were: 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 225, 250, 275 and 300 Gy. Morphological observation was performed on sambiloto mutan in M1V0, M1V1, M1V2 and M1V3 generations. Analysis of molecular mutant by 10 primers of ISSR was used to obtain DNA profiles. Detection of pytochemical profiles has been done by HPLC method. The result of LD50 analyzed by using CurveExpert 1.3 was obtained 140.363 Gy. There were morphological changes between irradiated plants and control. Analysis of varians showed significant result of some observed character. Analysis of DNA profiles showed 5 primers can distinguish changes of DNA profiles, 4 primers showed the same number and size bands and 1 primer could not amplified. Analysis of genetic similarity obtained 6 groups with genetic distance 0.79-1.00. Analysis of chemichal profiles using HPLC showed different andrographolide content ranged from 6.5%-10.9%. More higher doses showed more high andrographolide content. Phytochemical profiles showed 3 mutants had additional peak compared to control.
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Judul: Quality Control of Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) Using Portable Photometer and Pattern Recognition Methods.
Abstrak: Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) adalah salah satu tanaman yang dikenal sebagai antikanker, antidiabetes, dan antibakteri. Kendali mutu merupakan upaya untuk menjamin mutu dan khasiat yang dimilikinya. Keragaman mutu dari sambiloto dapat dilihat dari komposisi kandungan kimia yang dimiliki berdasarkan umur tanamnya. Pada penelitian ini keragaman mutu sambiloto yang berumur 1, 2, dan 3 bulan dievaluasi menggunakan teknik spektoskopi menggunakan alat fotometer jinjing yang digabungkan dengan teknik pengenalan pola, yaitu principle component analysis (PCA) dan partial least square discriminant analysis (PLSDA). Analisis kromatografi lapis tipis menunjukkan bahwa sambiloto dengan umur 1, 2, dan 3 bulan memiliki keragaman mutu senyawa aktifnya. Analisis menggunakan fotometer jinjing yang digabungkan dengan menggunakan teknik pengenalan pola, yaitu PCA dan PLSDA terhadap tanaman obat sambiloto telah berhasil mengklasifikasikan keragaman mutu berdasarkan umur tanaman (umur 1, 2, dan 3 bulan). Analisis PCA menggunakan dua komponen utama (PC) pertama dapat menjelaskan 95% variasi dalam data (PC 1 = 60% dan PC 2 = 35%). Analisis PLSDA menghasilkan 3 model, yaitu model umur 1 bulan (R2 kalibrasi = 0,9975, R2 prediksi = 0,9972, RMSEC = 0,0238, RMSEP = 0,0269), 2 bulan (R2 kalibrasi = 09972, R2 prediksi = 0,9970, RMSEC = 0,0248, RMSEP = 0,0274), dan 3 bulan (R2 kalibrasi = 0,9975, R2 prediksi = 0,9965, RMSEC = 0,0235, RMSEP = 0,0263).
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Judul: Dynamic New Keynesian Model for Unemployment and Inflation Rate.
Abstrak: This paper deals with a scientific analysis of the equilibrium level of hiring, employment and unemployment. The basic model being used is a standard new Keynesian model, which states that utility function depends on consumptions and working hours. Utility maximization refers to a standard labour supply equation, with the marginal cost’s dynamics on new Keynesian model simply reflects movements in real wages and productivity. Furthermore, trade-off between output and inflation stabilization can be considered using the new Keynesian Phillips curve. Dynamic general equilibrium model is a model that can be used to study interactions between market imperfections and nominal rigidities, which is capable of overcoming the main shortcoming of the standard new Keynesian model. In the general equilibrium model there are three groups of the economy agents, namely households, firms and monetary authority. The results of this research science that bargaining processes between firms and workers will yield optimal wage. Increase in labour will cause wages to fall, but the unemployment rate can be reduced. An increase in the firm’s monopoly power will shift the labour demand curve downward, which will reduce the number of workers that firm is willing to hire for any given bargained wage.
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