Judul: The Economic Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic and the Health Protocols Carrying Capacity Based Tourism Management at Boonpring Andeman Malang
Abstrak: Pada akhir tahun 2019 terjadi kasus penyebaran virus corona (Covid-19) yang berdampak pada aktivitas ekonomi di Indonesia, dimana salah satu sektor ekonmi yang merasakan dampak yang besar adalah pariwisata. Dampak pandemic terhadap aktivitas wisata juga dirasakan di kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman. Terlaksananya kegiatan wisata berbasis protokol kesehatan di Kawasan Wisata Boonpring Andeman dengan membatasi jumlah pengunjung dapat selaras dengan daya dukung kawasan agar kawasan wisata dapat berkelanjutan dengan menjaga keamanan, kenyamanan, serta kelestarian sumberdaya alam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) mengestimasi dampak ekonomi dan lingkungan sebelum dan sesudah adanya pandemi di kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman, (2) mengestimasi kapasitas daya dukung kawasan apabila terlaksananya upaya pembatasan sesuai protokol kesehatan Covid-19 di kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman, (3) menganalisis pengelolaan wisata Boonpring Andeman yang adaptif terhadap pandemi Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan yaitu multiplier effect, analisis Daya Dukung Kawasan (DDK), dan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai Keynesian Income Multiplier di kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman menurun, sedangkan nilai Ratio Income Multiplier Tipe I dan II mengalami peningkatan. Kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman masih under carrying capacity dari segi fisiknya. Pengelolaan wisata yang adaptif terhadap pandemi Covid-19 dapat diterapkan di kawasan wisata Boonpring Andeman., At the end of 2019 there were cases of the spread of the corona virus (Covid-19) which had an impact on economic activity in Indonesia, one of which was from the tourism sector. This pandemic has implications for activities from the tourism sector, including in the Boonpring Andeman tourist area. The implementation of health protocols by limiting the number of visitors can be in line with the carrying capacity of the area so that tourist areas can be sustainable by maintaining security, comfort, and the preservation of natural resources. The objectives of this study are: (1) to estimate the economic and environmental impacts before and after the pandemic in the Boonpring Andeman tourist area, (2) to estimate the carrying capacity of the area if the restrictions are implemented according to the Covid-19 health protocol in the Boonpring Andeman tourist area, (3) analyzing the management of Boonpring Andeman tourism which is adaptive to the Covid-19 pandemic. The method used is the multiplier effect, analysis of Regional Carrying Capacity (DDK), and descriptive analysis. The results showed that the value of the Keynesian Income Multiplier in the Boonpring Andeman tourist area decreased, while the value of the Ratio Income Multiplier Type I and II increased. The Boonpring Andeman tourist area is still under carrying capacity from a physical point of view. Tourism management that is adaptive to the Covid-19 pandemic can be applied in the Boonpring Andeman tourist area.
Keyword: carrying capacity, multiplier effect, new normal, physical and social restrictions

Judul: Economic Impact and Carrying Capacity Analysis of the Taman Wisata Iman in Dairi Regency Due to the Covid-19 Pandemic
Abstrak: Pandemi Covid-19 berdampak terhadap penutupan kawasan wisata sementara waktu dan terjadinya penurunan jumlah kunjungan yang bersifat fluktuatif, dimana berdampak terhadap unit usaha dan tenaga kerja di kawasan tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) menganalisis dampak ekonomi Taman Wisata Iman, Kabupaten Dairi akibat pandemi Covid-19; (2) menghitung daya dukung wisata di kawasan Wisata Taman Wisata Iman; (3) menganalisis strategi pengembangan kawasan Taman Wisata Iman. Metode yang digunakan adalah, multiplier effect, daya dukung fisik (PCC), analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebelum dan saat adanya pandemi Keynesian Income Multiplier di TWI kurang dari satu, artinya dampak yang dirasakan oleh masyarakat lokal masih rendah. Namun, Ratio Income Multiplier Tipe I dan Tipe II lebih besar dari satu yang menandakan pengeluaran wisatawan sudah berdampak dan berkontribusi dengan baik terhadap pendapatan unit usaha dan tenaga kerja, baik itu sebelum dan saat pandemi Covid-19. Daya dukung kawasan TWI sebelum dan saat pandemi Covid-19 mengalami under carrying capacity, baik itu pada saat weekday, weekend dan musim libur. Pengembangan kawasan TWI dilakukan dengan tahap sarana prasarana, promosi atau iklan dan menyesuaikan kondisi carrying capacity., The Covid-19 pandemic has had an impact on the temporary closure of tourist areas and a decrease in the number of fluctuating visits, which has had an impact on business units and workforce in the area. The purposes of this research are (1) to analyze the economic impact of Iman Tourism Park, Dairi Regency due to the Covid-19 pandemic; (2) calculate the carrying capacity of tourism in the Taman Wisata Iman Tourism area; (3) analyzing the development strategy of the Faith Tourism Park area. The method used is multiplier effect, physical carrying capacity (PCC), descriptive analysis. The results of the study show that before and during the pandemic, the Keynesian Income Multiplier in TWI was less than one, meaning that the impact felt by the local community was still low. However, the Type I and Type II Income Multiplier Ratio is greater than one, which indicates that tourism expenditure has had an impact and contributed to both business unit and workforce income, both before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The carrying capacity of the TWI area before and during the Covid- 19 pandemic experienced a lack of carrying capacity, both on weekdays, weekends and the holiday season. The development of the TWI area is carried out with the stages of infrastructure, promotion or advertising and adjusting the carrying capacity conditions
Keyword: carrying capacity, covid-19, development, multiplier effect, tourism

Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4