Judul: Role Of The Stakeholders Towards To Ecotourism Development At Teluk Cendrawasih National Park Teluk Wondama Regency West Papua Province
Abstrak: Teluk Cendrawasih National Park (TCNP) is one of nature conservation areas which has a high tourism attraction both in marine or terrestrial. Development of TCNP ecotourism can not be done by only one single institution, but it needs to be supported by every part of other institutions. Role of stakeholders expected to be able to construct a directional and measured ecotourism development based on interest, concern, desire and personal anxiety. The aim of this research is to formulate the role of stakeholders related with the development of ecotourism at TCNP. In order to achieve this aim, there are some following steps that should be done: 1) analyze of stakeholders involvement; 2) analyze of stakeholders needs; 3) analyze of policy/regulation related to ecotourism development at TCNP Teluk Wondama Regency. The results showed that there are 20 (twenty) stakeholders which involved in ecotourism development at TCNP Teluk Wondama Regency. There are two stakeholders as subject position; 14 (fourteen) as key player; three stakeholders as context setter, and YALHIMO as Crowd. Activities dealing, the stakeholder has along with ecotourism development at TCNP. The policy of ecotourism development at TCNP Teluk Wondama Regency has already referred to Centre and West Papua Province Policy also Teluk Wondama Regency Policy. Generally, the identified stakeholder has its own role accord with their main tasks and function, however, ecotourism development program still needs to be synchronized among others stakeholders in order to make it more directionally.
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Judul: Role of  Stakeholders in Develoment of Ecouturism in Protection Management Unit of Biak Numfor, Papua
Abstrak: Hutan lindung Indonesia mempunyai fungsi penting dalam menjaga ekosistem dan biodiversiti dunia. Sebagai negara dengan luas hutan terbesar ketiga setelah Brasil dan Zaire, fungsi hutan Indonesia dalam melindungi ekosistem lokal, nasional, regional dan global sudah diakui secara luas. Dari fungsi biodiversiti, kabuapten Biak Numfor Propinsi Papua. Kawasan KPHL memiliki berbagai potensi ekowisata menarik yang tercakup dalam konteks nature, culture dan adventure. Kendala yang muncul dalam pengelolaan ekowisata membuat di belum menjadi destinasi unggulan. Pengelolaan ekowisata seyogyanya melibatkan berbagai stakeholders yang berkepentingan dengan berbagai peran yang dimilikinya. Kajian tentang siapa saja stakeholders yang terlibat dan pemetaan stakeholders sangat diperlukan untuk keberhasilan pengembangan ekowisata. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk merumuskan peran stakeholders terkait pengembangan ekowisata di kawasan KPHL. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Juni hingga Agustus 2019. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis stakeholders. Hasil pemetaan stakeholders menunjukkan 11 stakeholders berada di kelompok Key player yaitu KPHL Biak Numfor, Dinas Pekerjaan Umum, Dinas Pariwisata dan Kebudayaan Biak Numfor, Distrik Biak Timur, The Samdhana Institute, Yayasan Rumsram, Kampung Sepse, Kampung Imndi, Kelompok Ekowisata Samares, Dewan Adat Byak, dan PT. JSK Korea. Stakeholders ini mempunyai pengaruh dan kepentingan yang tinggi terhadap keberhasilan pengembangan ekowisata di kawasan KPHL. Kelompok Subject terdiri dari Badan Pemberdayaan Kampung dan Universitas Negeri Papua. Sementara kelompok Context Setter terdiri dari Perencana Pengendali Pembangunan Daerah (BP3D) dan Mnukwar, sedangkan kelompok Crowd terdiri dari BPDASHL dan Memberano Jayapura. Hasil identifikasi kebutuhan pengembangan ekowisata di kawasan KPHL dikelompokkan menjadi enam aspek kebutuhan utama yaitu: (a) objek daya tarik wisata, (b) infrastruktur sarana dan prasarana, (c) promosi publikasi dan informasi, (d) peningkatan SDM, (e) perencanaan pengembangan ekowisata, dan (f) dana. Peran stakeholders sesuai dengan aspek-aspek manajemen terhadap pengembangan ekowisata di kawasan KPHL yaitu: (a) stakeholders yang berperan dalam proses perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan dan pengawasan program kegiatan pengembangan ekowisata di KPHL (b) stakeholders yang berperan sebagai mitra dalam pelaksanaan program pengembangan ekowisata di KPHL; dan (c) stakeholders yang berperan sebagai perencanaan dan pengendalian pembangunan. Kata kunci: Identifikasi stakeholders, kebutuhan ekowisata, klasifikasi stakeholders, Indonesia’s protected forests have an important function in protecting the world's ecosystems and biodiversity. As the country with the third largest forest area after Brazil and Zaire, the function of Indonesia's forests in protecting local, national, regional and global ecosystems is widely recognized. From the function of biodiversity, Biak Numfor Regency, Papua Province. The KPHL area has a variety of interesting ecotourism potentials that are covered in natural, cultural and adventure contexts. The obstacles that arise in the management of ecotourism make it not yet a leading destination. Ecotourism management should involve a variety of stakeholders who are interested in the various roles they have. The study of who are the stakeholders involved and stakeholder mapping is very necessary for the success of ecotourism development. The purpose of this study is to formulate the role of stakeholders related to the development of ecotourism in the KPHL area. The study was conducted from June to Agustust 2019. The data obtained were analyzed using the methods of stakeholder analysis, needs analysis, and analysis of laws and regulations. The results of stakeholder mapping show that 11 stakeholders are
Keyword: Stakeholders identification, ecotourism needs, stakeholders classification

Judul: The Construction of Greedy SVP LLL Algorithm
Abstrak: A lattice is a set of all integer linear combination of a set of linearly independent vectors in ℝ𝑛���. The independent vectors are called bases of lattice. Any lattice can be generated from many bases, and these bases have the same cardinality. In the lattice, the most fundamental and renowned problem is the Shortest Vector Problem (SVP). SVP is a tracking problem of the shortest nonzero vector in a lattice with equivalent bases. In two dimensions, SVP problem has resolved exactly by Gauss’ algorithm. When the lattice dimension is higher than two, A.K. Lenstra, H.W. Lenstra and L. Lovasz gave a LLL algorithm to compute approximation of nonzero shortest vector in the lattice. Reduced bases solution obtained from LLL algorithm still be an approximation and has polynomial running time of arbitrary dimension which large enough. In 1994, Schnoor and Euchner modified this LLL algorithm as a new variant which later was named deep insertion LLL algorithm. This algorithm is a modified version of the LLL algorithm to the terms of the exchange step to improve the accuracy of output of LLL reduced bases and applying it to the subset sum problem. The purpose of this research are: (1) Reconstruct the LLL algorithm and deep insertion LLL algorithm using a geometric approach. (2) Construct a greedy SVP LLL algorithm. (3) Implement the three algorithms in a symbolic programming language, and evaluate them experimentally. A bases ℬ=[𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑛���] in ℝ𝑚��� is called reduced LLL with parameter 𝛿��� if satisfies: (a) |𝜇���𝑗���𝑖���|≤12, for every integer 𝑖���,𝑗��� with 1≤𝑖���<𝑗���<𝑛���. (b)𝛿���‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���)‖2≤‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���+1)‖2, for 𝑗���=1,2,…,𝑛���−1,where 𝛿��� is a reduced parameter of real numbers with 14<𝛿���<1. The first requirement is the reduced basis 𝛿��� must “nearly orthogonal” and in its computation case, this requirement can be reached out by using the Gram-Schmidt’s orthogonalization. While the second requirement is called exchange step, or used to called as Lovasz condition. By using both of these requirements, then they establish the LLL algorithm. Then, Schnoor and Euchner modify the LLL algorithm based on the requirements of the exchange step called the deep insertion LLL algorithm, where the exchange step is based on the comparison of the projected vector in orthogonal complement [𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑘���−1]⊥ after j-th reduction. To construct greedy SVP LLL algorithm, the requirements of the exchange step is based on purely by comparing norm of lattice 𝐛���𝑗��� with norm lattice 𝐛���𝑖��� for 𝑖���=1,2,3…,𝑗���−1. The process of insertion reduced vector after the exchange step also has done greedily. Then, we calculate the number of arithmetic operation in greedy SVP LLL algorithm for further analysis. The result of our exprimentation for three algorithms on the certain matrix size shows that the running time of the three algorithms increases propotional to the size of the matrix. The result also shows that by using 𝛿���=34 for the LLL algorithm and the deep insertion LLL algorithm, and the greedy SVP LLL algorithm which is a new variant made by using no parameter of 𝛿���, outperform of the other of two previous algorithm in terms of speed with the same output.
Keyword: LLL algorithm, LLL deep insertion algorithm, greedy SVP LLL algorithm