Judul: Stratifikasi Massa Air dan Ketebalan Lapisan Termoklin di Selat Makassar - Laut Flores
Abstrak: Selat Makassar merupakan jalur masuk utama Arlindo yang mengalirkan massa air Pasifik Utara melalui Laut Flores hingga Laut Banda dan kemudian keluar ke Samudera Hindia melalui Selat Ombai dan Pintasan Timor. Arlindo sebagai cabang sirkulasi termohaline global berperan penting dalam mengontrol ekosistem laut Indonesia dan variabilitas iklim regional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan struktur dan stratifikasi massa air serta distribusi parameter fisika-kimia di Selat Makassar hingga Laut Flores pada bulan Agustus. Sebanyak 8 casts data CTD diperoleh dari hasil ekspedisi STOKAS BRKP-KKP pada bulan Agustus 2015 dengan menggunakan kapal riset Baruna Jaya VIII. Struktur dan jenis massa air yang diidentifikasi menggunakan diagram TS-TO-SO menunjukkan bahwa massa air yang berasal dari Pasifik Utara masih dominan di lapisan termoklin (North Pacific Subtropical Water) yang dicirikan oleh salinitas maksimum dan pada lapisan tengah (North Pacific Intermediate Water) yang dicirikan salinitas minimum. Rata-rata kedalaman lapisan tercampur 60 ± 13 m dengan suhu bervariasi dari 25,62 – 27,65 °C, sedangkan rata-rata ketebalan termoklin 130 ± 44 m dengan rentang suhu 18,29 – 21,88 °C. Distribusi suhu, pH, dan oksigen terlarut cenderung lebih tinggi di bagian utara daerah studi, sedangkan distribusi fluoresensi di bagian selatan lebih tinggi diduga akibat adanya indikasi upwelling.
Keyword: Indonesian Throughflow, Flores Sea, Makassar Strait, water mass, stratification.

Judul: Seasonal Variation of Mixed Layer Depth and Thermoclin Thickness using CTD Argo Float Data in Makassar Strait
Abstrak: Selat Makassar berbatasan langsung dengan Laut Sulawesi di bagian utara dan Laut Jawa dan Laut Flores di bagian selatan, dan merupakan jalur utama Arus Lintas Indonesia (Arlindo). Sehingga stratifikasi massa air di Selat Makassar dipengaruhi oleh dinamika dari perairan laut tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan variasi musiman dari stratifikasi massa air kedalaman lapisan tercampur dan kedalaman lapisan termoklin, dan mengidentifikasi kejadian upwelling pantai di bagian selatan Makassar. Data deret-waktu suhu salinitas kedalaman diperoleh dari pengukuran autonomus CTD Argo Float (ID 5904965) pada periode Desember 2017-November 2018. Hasil penelitian ditemukan massa air North Pacific Subtropical Water (NPSW) dan North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) yang dominan di lokasi studi, dengan ciri salinitas maksimum 34,6-34,7 psu di lapisan termoklin dan salinitas minimum 34,5 psu di lapisan pertengahan. Ditemukannya massa air salinitas rendah dari Laut Jawa juga dominan dalam musim barat di lapisan dekat permukaan. Variasi musiman kedalaman lapisan tercampur di musim barat (DJF) tercatat lebih tebal sekitar 93 m, serta lapisan termoklin lebih tebal di musim timur sekitar 198 m. Perubahan ketebalan kedua lapisan tersebut diduga berkaitan dengan dinamika Arlindo Makassar dan Arus Monsun Jawa, misalnya Arlindo menguat pada musim timur sehingga lapisan termoklin menjadi tebal. Kejadian upwelling pantai pada musim timur (JJA) ditandai dengan penaikan isotherm 27°C, isohaline 34,0 psu dan isopiknal 22,0 kg/m3dari kedalaman sekitar 75 m ke permukaan laut., The Makassar Strait (MS) is directly connected to the Sulawesi Sea in the north and the Java Sea and the Flores Sea in the south, and is the main route of the Indonesian Througflow (ITF). Hence stratification of water mass in the MS is influenced by the dynamics of the sea waters. This study aims to describe seasonal variations of the mixed layer and the thermocline thickness, and to identify the ITF water masses as well as the occurrence of coastal upwelling in the southern part of the MS. Temperature-salinity-depth time series dataset were obtained from oneyear CTD Argo float measurements (ID 5904965) between December 2017- November 2018. The results show that North Pacific water origin of North Pacific Subtropical Water (NPSW) and North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) are dominant, with a maximum salinity characteristic of 34.6-34.7 psu in the thermocline layer and a minimum salinity of 34.5 psu in the intermediate layer. Furthermore, near-surfave fresh Java Sea water appears to be dominant during the northwest monsoon (NWM) period. Seasonal variation of mixed layer depth much deeper (93 m) and much stronger vertical gradient of temperature and salinity due to the presence fresh Java Sea water advevted by the Java Monsoon Current during the NWM period (DJF). However, during the southeast monsoon (SEM) period the mixed layer depth is much shallower and thermocline layer is much thicker (198) m, associated with much stronger the ITF and upwelled colder water from upwelling area. The coastal upwelling event during the SEM period (JJA) in the study area is characterized by an increase of isotherm of 27°C, isohaline of 34.0 psu and isopycnal of 22.0 kg/m3 from 75 m depth to the sea surface layer.
Keyword: CTD Argo Float, ITF, Makassar Strait, Mixed Layer Depth, Thermocline Layer Thickness, Upwelling, Water Masses

Judul: Antibodi anti-idiotipe sebagai kandidat vaksin rabies, Anti-idiotype andibody as a rabies vaccine candidate
Abstrak: Anti rabies serum (ARS) called antibody 1 (Ab1) was used as the antigen to immunize laying chickens. Anti-Ab1 chicken immunoglobulins (IgY), the antiidiotype antibodies against rabies (Ab2) was isolated from chicken blood every week for ten weeks. The highest titer of Ab2 was found at the third week after the last immunization. Immunoglobulin Y was separated by means of ammonium sulfate precipitation, then dialyzed using PBS pH 8.0 for 24 hours at 2 – 8 oC and purified using affinity chromatography column for IgY lead the proteins molecules with 185,000; 95,000 and 49,000 dalton in weigth. Purified IgY was used to immunize New Zealand White rabbit and the antibody response (Ab3) was detected using Agar Gel Precipitation Test (AGPT). The Ab3 showed specific reaction with Ab2 as well as rabies virus. Interestingly, Ab2 and rabies virus express partial identity reaction. This lead the insight, that not all parts of Ab2 are internal image of rabies virus. The efficacy of Ab3 was detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indicated that the level of Ab3 titer is protective according to WHO standard (more than 0.5 IU/ml). The conclusion of this study is the anti-idiotype antibody can induce protective immune response against rabies virus and can be used as an alternative for rabies anti-idiotype vaccine. Key words : anti-idiotype vaccine, antibody, rabies
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