Judul: Efektivitas Frekuensi Pemberian Vaksin DNA melalui Pakan terhadap Kelangsungan Hidup Relatif Ikan Mas yang Diinfeksi Koi Herpesvirus
Abstrak: Cultured of common carp is currently constrained by a koi herpesvirus (KHV) disease. KHV disease is highly malignant, infectious, and can kill common carp and koi over 80% of the population. It is therefore necessary to provide a prevention method that are safe and can be mass applied. In this study, it carried out anti-KHV DNA vaccination 1 mL/fish through artificial feed to determine the effective frequency of vaccination that produces a high survival on KHV infected fish. There are five treatments with three replicates, namely treatment A: vaccination once a week, treatment B: two times a week of vaccination, treatment C: vaccination three times a week, positive control: the fish were not vaccinated and challenged with KHV, and negative controls: fish were not vaccinated and injected with phosphate buffer saline solution. Feeding was performed 2 times a day at satiation. The results showed that vaccination three times a week offered 4 the highest relative percent survival (84.6%) and showed the best phagocytic activity compared with other treatments. Hence, vaccination via the feed can effectively increase the survival of fish, and this can be as an alternative method to control KHV infection in carp and koi culture.
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Judul: Efikasi Vaksin DNA Penyandi Glikoprotein Koi Herpesvirus pada Ikan Mas Stadia Benih melalui Perendaman
Abstrak: Koi herpesvirus (KHV) is a herpesvirus which especially infects and causes mass mortality to koi and common carp. Therefore the protection of carp from KHV infection is urgently needed. In this study, we developed an application of DNA vaccine containing gene encoding KHV glycoprotein by immersion method to increase survival of common carp against KHV infection. As many as 400 of 30-day-old common carp juveniles were immersed in the water containing 1.3 x 108 CFU/ml of the killed Escherichia coli cells carrying DNA vaccine. Treatments performed were variation of duration and frequency of DNA vaccine immersion; as follows: 1x 30 minutes, 1x 60 minutes, 1x 90 minutes, 2x 90 minutes, and 3x 90 minutes of immersion treatments. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis showed that DNA vaccine was successfully expressed among the vaccinated fish. Twenty eight days post vaccination, the fish were challenged by injecting 10-4 ml/fish of KHV. The result demonstrated that vaccination by 30 minutes immersion; allowed the 61% of fish survived, this was significantly different (P<0.05) compared to control (without vaccination), but insignificantly different (P>0.05) compared to those of other treatments. The relative percent survival of vaccinated fish were also similar among different treatments (P>0.05). Vaccination by immersion have increased the survival rate about 2 fold compared to unvaccinated fish control (26.67%). Thus, DNA vaccine was effective delivered by immersion for 1x 30 minutes, and this technique can be useful to level up the resistance to KHV infection in common carp juveniles.
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Judul: Pembentukan tanah berbahan induk andesit-basaltik dan satuan-satuan tanah menurut sistem soil taxonomy pada suatu toposekuens di daerah Ujung Berung Bandung
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk melihat satuan-satuan tanah pada toposekuens lereng G.Manglayang, Ujungberung, Bandung menurut sistem Soil Taxonomy dalam hubungannya dengan pembentukan dan perkembangan tanah yang didasarkan pada sifat fisik, kimia, dan kandungan mineralnya sebagai hasil dari proses penambahan, pengurangan, pemindahan, dan pengubahan dalam sistem di dalam profil tanah. Pada daerah perbukitan, faktor topografi sangat berperanan dalam proses pembentukan dan perkembangan tanah. Faktor topografi mempengaruhi pergerakan air baik secara vertikal maupun horisontal, sehingga berpengaruh terhadap tingkat kelembaban, proses pelapukan, pencucian dan pemiskinan serta proses erosi dan deposisi. Proses-proses ini akan menentukan sifat-sifat tanah secara fisik, kimia maupun kandungan mineralnya. Topografi semakin cembung menunjukkan tingkatan umur pembentukan tanah yang lebih lanjut dan cenderung membentuk tanah-tanah bersifat oksik dengan kandungan mineral liat tipe 1:1, yaitu Kaolinit, sehingga tingkat kesuburannya lebih rendah. Sedangkan pada topografi cekung cenderung terbentuk tanah muda, yaitu tanah belum berkembang dan mulai berkembang dengan kandungan mineral amorf. Pada topografi rektilinier cenderung terbentuk tanah berkembang dengan pembentukan horison Argilik.
Keyword: Sifat fisik, Sifat kimia