Judul: Competitiveness Analysis and Projection of Indonesian Coffee in the United States Market.
Abstrak: Kopi merupakan salah satu komoditas hasil perkebunan yang memiliki peranan penting dalam kegiatan perekonomian Indonesia. Pangsa pasar kopi terbesar Indonesia berada di pasar Amerika Serikat. Tingginya tingkat persaingan antar negara eksportir mendorong Indonesia untuk dapat meningkatkan kualitas dan juga produktivitas kopi agar dapat bersaing di pasar internasional, khususnya Amerika Serikat, sehingga perlu dilakukan analisis untuk meningkatkan daya saing kopi Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan 1) menganalisis daya saing kopi Indonesia di pasar Amerika Serikat; 2) Memproyeksikan volume penawaran ekspor kopi Indonesia di pasar Amerika Serikat tahun 2021-2025; 3) merumuskan strategi dalam mendukung peningkatan daya saing komoditas kopi Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode RCA, AR, EPD, ARIMA, dan SWOT. Hasil RCA, AR, dan EPD menunjukkan bahwa kopi Indonesia memiliki daya saing secara komparatif dan kompetitif di pasar Amerika Serikat. Pada analisis menggunakan ARIMA menunjukkan bahwa proyeksi volume penawaran ekspor kopi Indonesia di pasar Amerika Serikat tahun 2021-2025 menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang positif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis SWOT terdapat beberapa strategi yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan daya saing kopi Indonesia di pasar Amerika Serikat. Diantaranya adalah optimalisasi lahan kopi sehingga dapat meningkatkan pangsa pasar melalui peningkatan produksi dan produktivitas kopi., Coffee is one of the plantation commodities that has an important role in Indonesia's economic activities. Indonesia's largest coffee market share is in the United States market. The high level of competition between exporting countries encourages Indonesia to be able to improve the quality and productivity of coffee in order to compete in the international market, especially the United States, so it is necessary to conduct an analysis to improve the competitiveness of Indonesian coffee. This study aims to 1) analyze the competitiveness of Indonesian coffee in the United States market; 2) Projecting the volume of Indonesian coffee export offerings in the United States market in 2021-2025; 3) formulating strategies to support the improvement of the competitiveness of Indonesian coffee commodities. This research uses RCA, AR, EPD, ARIMA, and SWOT methods. The results of RCA, AR, and EPD show that Indonesian coffee has comparative and competitive competitiveness in the United States market. The analysis using ARIMA shows that the projected volume of Indonesian coffee export offers in the United States market in 2021-2025 shows positive growth. Based on the results of the SWOT analysis, there are several strategies carried out to increase the competitiveness of Indonesian coffee in the United States market. Among them is the optimization of coffee grounds so that they can increase market share through increasing coffee production and productivity.
Keyword: Acceleration Ratio, Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average, Export Product Dynamic, Revealed Comparative Advantage, SWOT

Judul: Competitiveness and Determinants of Indonesian  Coffee Export Volume in the United States Market
Abstrak: Kopi merupakan salah satu komoditas unggulan ekspor dari subsektor perkebunan Indonesia. Indonesia harus memanfaatkan perdagangan pada komoditas kopi melihat fakta bahwa Indonesia merupakan pengekspor kopi terbesar keenam di dunia. Amerika Serikat merupakan negara pengimpor dan pengkonsumsi kopi terbesar di dunia. Pangsa pasar kopi Indonesia di pasar Amerika Serikat saat ini berfluktuasi, hal ini terjadi karena banyaknya pesaing dari negara lain. Tujuan dari penelitian, yaitu menganalisis daya saing ekspor kopi Indonesia di pasar Amerika Serikat dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi volume ekspor kopi Indonesia di pasar Amerika Serikat. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export Competitiveness Index (ECI), dan Ordinary Least Square (OLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama periode 2001-2021, kopi Indonesia sudah memiliki daya saing baik dari keunggulan komparatif maupun kompetitif di pasar Amerika Serikat. Kegiatan ekspor kopi Indonesia di pasar AS dipengaruhi oleh GDP riil per kapita AS, rasio harga kopi Brazil dan Indonesia, dan harga ekspor teh dunia., tion subsector. Indonesia must take advantage of trade in coffee commodities considering the fact that Indonesia is the sixth largest coffee exporter in the world. The United States is the largest coffee importing and consuming country in the world. The market share of Indonesian coffee in the United States market is currently fluctuating, this is due to the large number of competitors from other countries. The purpose of this research is to analyze the competitiveness of Indonesian coffee exports in the United States market and to analyze the factors that affect the volume of Indonesian coffee exports in the United States market. The methods used in this study are Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export Competitiveness Index (ECI), and Ordinary Least Square (OLS). The results of the study show that during the period 2001-2021, Indonesian coffee already has a competitive advantage both in terms of comparative and competitive advantages in the United States market. Indonesian coffee export activities in the US market are influenced by US real GDP per capita, the ratio of Brazilian and Indonesian coffee prices, and world tea export prices.
Keyword: ECI, Competitors, Consumption, OLS, Ratio

Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4