Judul: Analisis Kelayakan Pengusahaan Getah Pinus di Hutan Pendidikan Gunung Walat Sukabumi Jawa Barat
Abstrak: The forest was currently more utilized in terms of timber production. The beneficial potency owned by forest was not only from timber, but also from non timber that could became the potency utilized from forest. Utilization of non timber from Educational Forest Walat Mountain has been conducted for a long time. Pine gums cultivation was one of the biggest income from Educational Forest Walat Mountain. This research aimed to analyze the feasibility of pine gums cultivation in Educational Forest Walat Mountain, reviewed from social aspect, technical aspect and economic aspect and also evaluated contribution of pine gums income through Educational Forest Walat Mountain management. Collecting the data conducted by observation, interview, and literature study. On the economic data analysis, analysis conducted from 2 conditions, which were with and without depreciation cost and amortization. The analysis result of social feasibility from the interviewed tapper received the data that average income was Rp. 8.703/hour. This average income was higher 65,2% from Regional Standard Rate of Sukabumi Regency in 2012 which was Rp. 5.268/hour. Therefore, it can be said that occupation as a rubber tapper in Educational Forest Walat Mountain was feasible in social environment around Educational Forest Walat Mountain because the salary received as the rubber tapper was higher than Regional Standard Rate of Sukabumi Regency. The analysis result of technical feasibility from collecting data in field were to measure dimension of length, width, and depth of pine gums with “koakan” method though 50 active trees tapped by rubber tapper in Educational Forest Walat Mountain, obtained that tapped average dimension was almost equal with standardize measurement using “koakan method” based on the decree from Perum Perhutani Number 792/KPTS/DIR/2005 about Tapping Guideliness of pine tree gums in 2005. Therefore, it can be said that tapping of pine tree gums conducted by rubber tapper in Educational Forest Walat Mountain was feasible and appropriate with tapping standard of pine tree gums that existed. The analysis result of technical feasibility from the data in 2011 showed that the beneficial and cost calculation with counted the asset depreciation cost of Educational Forest Walat Mountain (15 years building) and amortization of pine life (50 years life cycle) obtained that deficit/negative result about Rp.337.505.184, while if evaluated without counted asset depreciation cost of Educational Forest Walat Mountain and amortization of pine life obtained that surplus/positive result about Rp. 546.121.438 and bigger contribution percentage than cost percentage which was about 39,23% through total income in Educational Forest Walat Mountain 2011. Therefore, it can be concluded that income from pine gums could fund the operational of gums cultivation but still cannot covered asset depreciation cost in Educational Forest Walat Mountain and amortization of pine life.
Keyword: Educational Forest Walat Mountain, Gums Cultivation, Feasible Analysis

Judul: Pengaruh perubahan pengelola terhadap pendapatan usaha kopal dan resin di Hutan Pendidikan Gunung Walat Kabupaten Sukabumi Jawa Barat
Abstrak: The Gunung Walat Education Forest (GWEF) had been tapping of sap since 2001. The tapping began with the opening of copal. The process of tapping as a step for using the non wood forest product to generate income for GWEF. After copal, the opening of resin was found in 2007. For 10 years, GWEF had been three times turnover the management, the period were 2001-2003, 2004-2008, and 2009-now. At those periods the pattern of income, both of the revenue of management or revenue tappers were different. The method that used is benefit cost analysis and revenue of tappers analysis, presented by tabulation and explained descriptively. Selection of respondents using the purposive sampling were the tappers who had beed working in three periods of management. During three periods of management, the revenue of management was fluctuated. At 2001-2003 period Rp 54.074.963,67/year, 2004-208 is Rp 14.897.368,76/year, period of 2009-now is Rp 377.104.206,40/year. This because of efforts to increase the sap, such as stimulant gives, incentives, area management, and the incoming from sap also services as the main income for GWEF, after 2009 period. Meanwhile, the periods before 2009 there is no efforts to increase the sap because focused in other sectors as income. The appearance of resin in 2007 was able to covered management costs while copal was not able. The similar condition happened in production cost that fluctuated. The high income can made high production cost and high management cost as well. These caused by high production for high income so that the production cos was higher. The change of management cause the increase of income per year for tappers. This caused by high motivation and outpouring time when tapping. The increased of that factors caused by the efforts from management to increase sap income, such as incentives and stimulant gives that influenced to those increase, so the contribution of sap income’s tappers was increasing from beginning until now. But the increasing can not able to cover tappers’s life, so it needs another income. Meanwhile, production cost of tappers was not significantly increase because production instruments that used were relatively same, the increase was found in living costs because there were the increase of prices of life needs.
Keyword: 

Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
Keyword: