Judul: Produksi Pati Asetat dengan Menggunakan Pati Sagu Nanokristalin
Abstrak: Native sago starch has limited application when it is used as an active ingredient or drug carrier matrix because it is not acid resistance, high digestibility, and low solubility. It inhibits its function as a protector so that the active ingredient does not reach its target. Acetylated nanocrystallinestarch is a modified starch that can improve the characteristic of starch produced through a lintnerized process, precipitation with ethanol, and substituted with acetate anhydride. This study aims to improve the starch and modified starch performance as a drug carrier matrix in the form of acetylated starch. Three types of sago starch used are native starch, crystalline starch, and nanocrystalline-starch acetylated by using acetate anhydride with 3 and 6% concentration. In general, native sago starch is easier to be acetylated compared to crystalline starch and nanocrystalline starch. The result shows that the effect of acetylation increases the solubility and swelling power, but decreasing the water absorption, oil absorption, and starch digestibility. The concentration of acetate anhydride affects the solubility, % acetyl, and substitution degree. The increasing of acetate hydride concentration from 3% to 6% causes the increasing of % acetyl from 0.05-0.53%, substitution degree from 0.01-0.02 point, and product solubility up to 7%.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), nanocrystalline starch, crystalline starch, sago starch, acetylation

Judul: Produksi Pati Asetat dengan Menggunakan Pati Sagu Nanokristalin
Abstrak: Native sago starch has limited application when it is used as an active ingredient or drug carrier matrix because it is not acid resistance, high digestibility, and low solubility. It inhibits its function as a protector so that the active ingredient does not reach its target. Acetylated nanocrystallinestarch is a modified starch that can improve the characteristic of starch produced through a lintnerized process, precipitation with ethanol, and substituted with acetate anhydride. This study aims to improve the starch and modified starch performance as a drug carrier matrix in the form of acetylated starch. Three types of sago starch used are native starch, crystalline starch, and nanocrystalline-starch acetylated by using acetate anhydride with 3 and 6% concentration. In general, native sago starch is easier to be acetylated compared to crystalline starch and nanocrystalline starch. The result shows that the effect of acetylation increases the solubility and swelling power, but decreasing the water absorption, oil absorption, and starch digestibility. The concentration of acetate anhydride affects the solubility, % acetyl, and substitution degree. The increasing of acetate hydride concentration from 3% to 6% causes the increasing of % acetyl from 0.05-0.53%, substitution degree from 0.01-0.02 point, and product solubility up to 7%.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), nanocrystalline starch, crystalline starch, sago starch, acetylation

Judul: Ragam jenis ektoparasit burung tekukur (Streptopelia chinensis) dan burung puter (Streptopelia bitorquata) di penangkaran
Abstrak: Spotted dove and Javan turtle dove are the bird species that are easily raised in captivity. Nevertheless, good management is required to successfully breed and raise the birds in captivity; otherwise, the condition may endanger the sustainability of the two bird species. Information on ectoparasites on the bodies of this bird as well as their captivity breeding has not been available, although admittedly taking ectoparasites from these bird families has much been done so that a research is obviously needed. This study aimed to find out various kinds of Spotted dove and Javan turtle dove ectoparasites and to learn various kinds of parasitic insects around the Spotted dove and Javan turtle dove cages. The study was conducted from April to June 2010. The methods of data collection included the general condition of the location, collection of ectoparasites specimens, processing and specimens identification. The data analysis was done descriptively and tabulated with the degree of infestation. The kinds of ectoparasites from the class of insects found in the body of Spotted dove were Goniocotes sp. and Columbicola columbae of phthiraptera order and Pseudolynchia canariensis of diptera order, and arachnida class, that is, tungau from the pterolichidae family. In terms of ectoparasites, Spotted dove and Javan turtle dove were similar, except that Javan turtle dove had no Pseudolynchia canariensis. Goniocotes sp. and Columbicola columbae were mallopaga order (biting lice) and were obligate. The kinds of parasitic insects in the vicinity of Spotted dove and Javan turtle dove cages were from the Ordo Diptera. The diptera classified as parasites included Anopheles, Culex, Psychodidae, Culicoides and Simulium, most of them vectors of disease. The presence of ectoparasites was closely related to how a breeding place is managed.
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