Judul: Dinamika reaksi reduksi dan oksidasi amonium dan nitrat pada andisol dan oksisol
Abstrak: Nitrogen merupakan salah satu unsur hara yang dinamikanya dalam tanah dipengaruhi oleh kondisi redoks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari dinamika ion hara ammonium dan nitrat pada Andisol dari Pasir Sarongge dan Oksisol dari Gunung Sindur melalui percobaan di laboratorium. Penelitian ini diawali dengan memasukkan contoh tanah yang telah dikering-udarakan dan diberi perlakuan KNO3 dan KH2PO4 ke dalam paralon sepanjang 50 cm. Paralon yang telah diisi tanah kemudian direndam sampai ketinggian 25 cm. Paralon dipersiapkan sedemikian rupa sehingga memungkinkan kemudahan masuknya air dan pemisahan contoh tanah pada ketinggian/kedalaman berturut-turut 1, 5, 10, dan 20 cm di atas dan di bawah permukaan air rendaman. Periode perendaman adalah satu minggu, satu bulan, dan dua bulan. Masing-masing periode dilakukan tiga ulangan dan satu kontrol. Setelah masing- masing periode perendaman selesai, contoh tanah segera dipisahkan sesuai ketinggkian/kedalaman perendaman tersebut, kemudian dilakukan pengukuran kadar air, pH. N-nitrat, dan N-amonium. Secara umum kadar air dan pH pada Andisol lebih tinggi daripada Oksisol. Nilai pH cenderung meningkat dengan semakin dalamnya perendaman. Kenaikan pH lebih nyata terjadi setelah mengalami proses perendaman selama dua bulan, baik pada Andisol maupun pada Oksisol.
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Judul: Mineralization potency of N-NH4 + and N-NO3 - at Andisol Soil planted vegetables on highly upland.
Abstrak: Nitrogen is one of essential minerals for plant but it has less availability in the soil. Nitrogen is absorbed by plant as NH4 + (ammonium) and NO3 - (nitrate). Nitrogen organic in the soil is easy to change so this experiment was carried out to measure mineralization potency of N-NH4 + and N-NO3 - at Andisol Soil planted vegetables on highly upland. Andisol soils sample used came from Kejajar Wonosobo and Sumowono Semarang represent farmer 1 and 2. The first step of analysis was preparation of soil sample, and put it into PVC (diameter 5,4 cm and high 10 cm) for incubation. Experiment needed 102 days incubation with 9 times sampling with time duration of each sampling is 0, 7, 18, 31, 46, 60, 74, 88, and 102 days. Then, NH4 + and NO3 - contents of the soil were analyzed using KCl and CaCl2 spectrofotometri method. Based on the experiment, mineralization potency of released N-NH4 + at Kejajar Wonosobo from soil farmer 1 and 2 were 7,45 and 7,15 mg kg-1, whereas N-NO3 - of farmer 1 and 2 were 111,20 and 123,41 mg kg-1, respectively. Mineralization potency of released N-NH4 + at Sumowono Semarang from soil farmer 1 and 2 were 7,23 and 7,17 mg kg-1, whereas N-NO3 - of farmer 1 and 2 were 94,95 and 103, 55 mg kg-1, respectively. Ammonium or Nitrate mineralization processes almost has same pattern in andisol soils at Kejajar Wonosobo and Sumowono Semarang.
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Judul: Case Study of Gallbladder Mucocele and Treatment Used In Small Animals
Abstrak: Gallbladder mucocele (GM) is defined as distention of the gallbladder caused by an inappropriate accumulation or deposition of high concentrations of bile. The purpose of this case study is to study GM conditions in small animals and to report the clinical sign and characteristics of GM through the sonogram interpretation and blood chemistry test evaluation, and studies related to the therapy given and other treatments recommended. A 14-year-old Toy Poodle dog has been diagnosed with severe GM and cholecystitis. No pain signs were shown during the physical examination as asymptomatic is a common characteristic in the early stage of biliary related diseases. In this study Abdominal ultrasonography interpretation and blood chemistry evaluation was conducted in 2021-2022 and analyzed as a secondary data source. Ultrasonography results showed presence of hyperechoic, immobile deposits in gallbladder accompanied by wall thickening and enlarged in size, followed by a significant increase in the enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP). This study has summarized mainly the diagnosis and treatments of GM in small animals and suitable alternatives treatments were recommended to encounter the GM conditions in small animals. The effectiveness of combined therapy shows the positive impact on the patient, the condition of GM has been under control.
Keyword: ultrasound, gallbladder, biliary sludge, abdominal ultrasonography