Judul: Surface Characteristics of Pinus merkusii and Pinus sylvestris Treated with Enborer After Graveyard Test
Abstrak: Kayu Pinus merkusii dan Pinus sylvestris banyak digunakan sebagai bahan baku produk interior maupun eksterior, namun kedua jenis pinus tersebut memiliki keawetan yang rendah. Pengawetan dengan enborer merupakan salah satu cara meningkatkan keawetan serta kualitas permukaan kayu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh bahan pengawet enborer terhadap karakteristik permukaan kayu Pinus merkusii dan Pinus sylvestris sebelum dan setelah uji kubur. Uji karakteristik permukaan kayu meliputi kekasaran permukaan, energi bebas permukaan (surface free energy-SFE), keterbasahan dan daya lekat cat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai kekasaran permukaan, SFE, dan keterbasahan kayu meningkat seiring dengan lamanya waktu uji kubur. Cat alkid memiliki daya lekat yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan cat akrilik untuk semua perlakuan. Kayu Pinus merkusii terawetkan enborer memiliki nilai kekasaran permukaan, SFE, dan keterbasahan paling rendah. Pinus merkusii terawetkan enborer juga menunjukkan daya lekat yang kurang baik dibandingkan perlakuan kontrol., Pinus merkusii and Pinus sylvestris are widely used as raw materials for interior and exterior products, however both species of pine have low durability. Enborer preservation is one of the methods to improve the durability and surface quality of wood. This study aimed to analyze the effect of enborer preservative on the surface characteristics of P.merkusii and P.sylvestris before and after the graveyard test. The wood surface characteristics studied were surface roughness, surface free energy (SFE), wettability and bonding quality of paint. The results show that the values of surface roughness, SFE, and wood wettability increased as the longer of the graveyard test. Alkyd paint had better bonding quality than acrylic paint for all treatments. P.merkusii treated with enborer had the lowest surface roughness, SFE, and wettability values. P.merkusii treated with enborer also presented the lowest bonding quality.
Keyword: bonding quality, enborer preservative, Pinus merkusii, Pinus sylvestris, wettability

Judul: Durability and Wettability of Merkus Pine and Sylvestris Pine
Abstrak: Pinus Merkusii dan Pinus Sylvestris mempunyai keawetan yang rendah terhadap organisme perusak kayu. Salah satu metode pengawetan kayu untuk meningkatkan nilai guna dan umur pakai yang panjang adalah perendaman dingin dengan pengawet enborer. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh bahan pengawet enborer terhadap keawetan dan keterbasahan Pinus Merkusii dan Pinus Sylvestris. Nilai retensi Pinus Merkusii dan Pinus Sylvestris yang terawetkan enborer secara berturut-turut sebesar 8,56 kg.m-3dan 8,58 kg.m-3. Nilai kehilangan berat kayu pinus terhadap serangan rayap pada uji kubur dan rayap kayu kering mengalami penurunan setelah perlakuan pengawetan enborer. Berdasarkan SNI 01-7207-2014, ketahanan kayu pinus yang terawetkan enborer terhadap rayap graveyard test dan rayap kayu kering dikategorikan ke dalam kelas I (sangat tahan). Nilai kekasaran permukaan dan SFE (Surface Free Energy) menurun setelah perlakuan pengawetan enborer, sehingga keterbasahannya menurun. Kekasaran permukaan, SFE, dan keterbasahan Pinus Merkusii dan Pinus Sylvestris meningkat setelah tiga bulan uji kubur. Cat alkid memiliki keterbasahan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan cat akrilik. Merkus pine and sylvestris pine have a low durability against wood destroying organisms. One of wood preservation methods to increase the utilization value and prolong the service life is cold soaking method preservation with enborer preservative. This study aimed to analyze the effect of enborer preservative on durability and wettability of merkus pine and scots pine. The retention values of merkus pine and scots pine treated with enborer preservative were 8,56 kg.m-3 and 8,58 kg.m-3, respectively. The weight loss value of pine woods against subterranean termite and dry-wood termite decreased after enborer preservation treatment. According to SNI 01-7207-2014, termite resistance of pine wood treated with enborer preservation against subterranean termite and dry-wood termite were categorized to be class I (very durable). The surface roughness and SFE (Surface Free Energy) values decreased after enborer preservation treatment, therefore their wettability decreased. The surface roughness, SFE, and wettability of merkus pine and scots pine increased after three months of graveyard test. Alkyd paint had better wettability than acrylic paint.
Keyword: enborer, keawetan, keterbasahan, Pinus Merkusii, Pinus Sylvestris, enborer, durability, merkus pine, sylvestris pine, wettability

Judul: Dynamical System of Hepatitis B in Three Groups with Vaccination
Abstrak: The aim of this study is to modify the hepatitis B transmission model in three age groups involving vaccination from the model conducted by Zhoe and Zhang.The method used is to analyze the stability of the fixed point and its basic reproduction number (R_0). Performed stability analysis and numerical simulation to see population dynamics. Next, a sensitivity analysis of the parameters was carried out to see its effect on R_0. From the analysis obtained two fixed points, namely non-endemic and endemic fixed points. Non-endemic fixed points are locally asymptotically stable if R_0 <1 Meanwhile, the endemic fixed point is locally asymptotically stable if R_0 > 1. Hepatitis vaccination affects the number of susceptible population, because the more successful the vaccination, the smaller the number of susceptible populations so that the smaller the population will be infected.
Keyword: Dynamic, Hepatitis B, Vaccine, Mathematical model