Judul: Efektivitas Anestetikum Kombinasi Zoletil-Ketamin-Xylazin pada Babi Lokal (Sus domestica) Indonesia
Abstrak: The purpose of this research was to evaluate the potential of zoletil-ketamine-xylazine combination as anesthetic in Indonesian local pig. Nine local pigs were subjected to three groups of treatment. Each group consisted of three pigs. The first groups (A) anesthetized with ketamine-xylazine combination (ketamine 15 mg/kg BB and xylazine 2 mg/kg BB). The second group (B) anesthetized with zoletil-ketamine-xylazine combination (zoletil 4 mg/kg BB, ketamine 2 mg/kg BB, and xylazine 2 mg/kg BB). The third group (C) anesthetized with ketamine-xylazine (ketamine 10 mg/kg BB and xylazine 1 mg/kg BB). The measured variables were symptoms during the induction symptoms, onset and duration anesthesia, body temperature, heart rate, and respiration frequency. However anesthesia protocol of group C were unable to anesthetized the Indonesian local pigs. The combination of lower dose ketamine-xylazine in group C only resulted in sedated condition. The results showed that were no significant difference between the treatment groups A and B.
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Judul: Potensi Kombinasi Anastetikum Xylazin- Medetomidin Pada Kucing Lokal (Felis domestica).
Abstrak: Xylazine and medetomidine preparations most used as anesthetic. Both single dose xylazine and medetomidine has advantages and disadvantages in application, so some research was done to find out the effect combination xylazinemedetomidine. Twenty four adult cats with body weight between 3.5-5 kg in age of 2-3 years old are divided into four groups treatment and six repeatation. The groups are the ones not receive anesthesia treatment (controls), a group of xylazine at a dose 0.1 mg/kg weight (group I), a group of medetomidine at a dose 0.05 mg/kg weight (group II), and a group of xylazine 0.1 mg/kg weight combination with medetomidine 0.05 mg/kg weight (group III). The results shows cats injected with xylazine-medetomidine has a rapid onset compared to single dose of xylazine and medetomidine. The duration of preparations in a cats injected with combination of xylazine-medetomidine is longer than xylazine and medetomidine preparations. The respiration frequency of heart shows same decrease pattern and not significant. The group xylazine-medetomidine can keep cats body temperature stable during the process of anesthesia, Conclusion in this study is the combination of xylazine and medetomidine effectively used as an alternative anesthesia in local cats.
Keyword: anesthesia, combinations, local cats, medetomidine, xylazine

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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