Judul: Dampak Inovasi Produk terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan Manufaktur di Indonesia
Abstrak: The role of innovation in the company is needed considering that it can be a source of competitive advantage and increase the company's survival. Not only in the corporate sphere, but innovation can also be a source of long-term national economic growth. Product innovations (modified or newly created products) tend to be seen in the manufacturing industry. The innovation performance of manufacturing industry in Indonesia can be reflected by the Competitive Industrial Performance (CIP) index. Based on the CIP value, the innovation performance of Indonesian manufacturing companies shows a fluctuating trend from 2015-2020. Indonesia ranks 38 out of 155 countries and lags behind other neighboring countries. Based on this explanation, this study aims to analyze (1) what factors influence the decisions of manufacturing companies to innovate products in Indonesia and (2) how the impact of product innovation on the performance of manufacturing companies in Indonesia. This study uses secondary data, namely a survey data from 1025 Indonesian manufacturing companies in 2015 obtained from the World Bank. The total companies that became the research sample were 133 companies that innovated and 892 companies that did not innovate products. The method used to achieve the first objective is logit regression and the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method to achieve the second objective. PSM in this study was carried out using psmatch2 and the nearest neighbor matching method. The results showed that the manager's work experience, international market location and R&D variables influenced the company's decision to innovate positively and significantly. The impact of product innovation on the company's turnover after the balancing test using the nearest-neighbor matching method has a statistically significant effect. Companies that carry out product innovation have a company turnover of Rp2.167.500.000.000,00 more than companies that do not innovate. This research suggests that companies should focus on activities that increase product innovation, such as R&D and exports. On the other hand, from a policy perspective, the government can facilitate permits related to R&D activities, exports, patents and others. Especially for small companies that have limited resources so that it is not possible to conduct R&D, the government can facilitate financial access by utilizing financial technology and allocating special funds for collaboration program through open innovation., Peran inovasi di dalam perusahaan dibutuhkan mengingat dapat menjadi sumber keunggulan kompetitif dan meningkatkan kelangsungan hidup perusahaan. Tidak hanya di lingkup perusahaan, inovasi dapat menjadi sumber untuk pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional jangka panjang. Inovasi yang cenderung terlihat di industri manufaktur adalah inovasi produk (produk yang dimodifikasi atau baru diciptakan). Inovasi industri manufaktur di Indonesia dapat tercermin dari indeks Competitive Industrial Perfomance (CIP). Berdasarkan nilai CIP, kinerja Inovasi perusahaan manufaktur Indonesia menunjukkan tren fluktuatif dari tahun 2015- 2020. Indonesia menempati rangking 38 dari 155 negara dan masih tertinggal dari negara tetangga lainnya. Berdasarkan pemaparan tersebut maka, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis (1) faktor-faktor apa saja yang memengaruhi keputusan perusahaan manufaktur dalam melakukan inovasi produk di Indonesia dan (2) bagaimana dampak inovasi produk terhadap kinerja perusahaan manufaktur di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder, yakni data survei 1025 perusahaan manufuktur Indonesia Tahun 2015 yang diperoleh dari Bank Dunia. Total
Keyword: Inovasi produk, perusahaan manufaktur, Propensity Score Matching, regresi logit

Judul: Analysis Determinants of Indonesia's Manufacturing Share Towards the Industrial Revolution 4.0
Abstrak: Sektor manufaktur menjadi mesin pertumbuhan penting bagi ekonomi Indonesia. Namun sejak terjadinya krisis keuangan pada tahun 1997-1998, kontribusi sektor manufaktur terhadap PDB terus mengalami penurunan yang sering disebut deindustrialisasi. Bahkan laju pertumbuhan sektor manufaktur cenderung lebih lambat dibanding laju pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional dari tahun 2005 hingga saat ini. Sementara itu, Indonesia telah memasuki Revolusi Industri 4.0 yang menjadi tujuan era industrialisasi Indonesia saat ini. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis determinan pangsa sektor manufaktur untuk menyongsong implementasi Industri 4.0. Konsep pengemudi produksi industri oleh A.T Kearney dijadikan acuan dalam menentukan variabel independen dalam analisis dengan menggunakan metode Error Correction Model (ECM) pendekatan Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua indikator yang dianalisis memiliki dasar ekonometrik kointegrasi dan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pangsa manufaktur Indonesia. Adapun indikator tersebut adalah tingkat keterbukaan perdagangan, jumlah tenaga kerja manufaktur, kredit domestik, emisi karbon, Penanaman Modal Asing (PMA), dan tingkat ekspor dengan intensitas R&D tinggi. Artinya, implementasi Industri 4.0 tergantung pada kebijakan yang dirancang oleh otoritas ekonomi dan politik mengenai faktor-faktor tersebut. Sehingga mampu membalik arah deindustrialisasi menuju era industrialisasi Industri 4.0 sehingga mampu meningkatkan perekonomian nasional Indonesia., The manufacturing sector is an important growth engine for the Indonesian economy. However, since the financial crisis in 1997-1998, the contribution of the manufacturing sector to GDP has continued to decline, which is often referred to as deindustrialization. Even the growth rate of the manufacturing sector tends to be slower than the national economic growth rate from 2005 to the present. Meanwhile, Indonesia has entered the Industrial Revolution 4.0 which is the goal of Indonesia's current industrialization era. The purpose of this study is to analyze the determinants of the share of the manufacturing sector to meet the implementation of Industry 4.0. The concept of industrial production driver by A.T Kearney is used as a reference in determining the independent variables in the analysis using the Error Correction Model (ECM) method with the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach. The results showed that all analyzed indicators have a cointegration econometric basis and have a significant effect on Indonesia's manufacturing share. The indicators are the level of trade openness, the number of manufacturing workers, domestic credit, carbon emissions, foreign investment (FDI), and the level of exports with high R&D intensity. That is, the implementation of Industry 4.0 depends on policies designed by economic and political authorities regarding these factors. So as to be able to reverse the direction of deindustrialization towards the industrialization era of Industry 4.0 so as to improve Indonesia's national economy. Keywords: Deindustrialization, Industry 4.0, Manufacturing Sector
Keyword: Deindustrialisasi, Industri 4.0, Sektor Manufaktur

Judul: Light Microscope Study of ConnectiveTissue in The Spleen of Common Rousette Bat (Rousettus amplexicaudatus)
Abstrak: The spleen is the largest lymphoid organ. As a secondary lymphoid organ, in addition to its immune function, the spleen also has functions as blood filtration, storage, and hematopoiesis. The spleen has different morphologies between species that support different physiological functions, one of which is the difference in the structure of the capsule and trabeculae. Capsule and trabeculae of the spleen generally consist of connective tissue and smooth muscle. The thickness of smooth muscle composed together with connective tissue in the capsule and trabecula determines the function of the spleen that is divided spleen into three storage, defense, and intermediate. Bats are the reservoir of various zoonotic diseases. Bats are thought to have unique immune systems compared to other mammals but the characteristics of its immune organs such as the spleen have never been studied before. This study was conducted to examine the characteristics of capsulae and trabecula of the Common Rousette (Rousettus amplexicaudatus).
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