Judul: Efficiency and sustainable value of highland vegetables in West Java
Abstrak: The goals of this research are to estimate technical, allocation, and economic efficiencies of highland potatoes and cabbage, to identify the factors affecting those efficiencies, and to estimate the sustainable values of those crops. The research is conducted in Bandung and Garut district by doing a survey to 200 selected farmers. The data are then analyzed using Frontier 4.1. program. The result of this study indicated that (1) land area is the most important resource, land slope significantly affect productivities of both potatoes and cabbage while chemical fertilizers (N, P, and K), pesticide, and labor do not significantly affect productivities of both potatoes and cabbage, (2) efficiencies of both crops are significantly affected by farmers age, experience, group membership, frequencies of extention, access to credit, land ownership status and planting system, (3) sustainable value of the farms are significantly affected by the land slope and types of planting system. The farmers efficiencies could be improved by providing training programs to improve their managerial capability and to control land degradation (erosion)
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Judul: Technical efficiency analysis and farmer risk behavior as well as its effects on the superior variety application in potato farming in Enrekang Regency, South Sulawesi Province
Abstrak: The main problem in potato commodity development in Enrekang Regency is the productivity which tends to decrease. This study aimed to: (1) estimate the level of technical efficiency and the factors that influenced it on potato farming, (2) learn about the behavior of farmers in the face of productivity risk in farming potato, (3) estimate the factors that influenced farmers' opportunities in applying superior varieties in potato farming. This study used 77 samples of farmer respondents who grew potato of granola variety and 30 farmer respondents who grew potato of kalosi variety in Enrekang Regency. A function model of frontier productivity, productivity risk function and technical inefficiency function which was developed by Kumbhakar was adopted to analyze the technical efficiency and farmer behavioral risks and logit model to analyze the factors that affected farmers' opportunities to apply technology and was estimated by Maximum Likelihood Estimation. The research result showed that: (1) the behavior of farmers who grew potato of granola variety and those who grew potato of Kalosi variety was risk averse, (2) the average level of technical efficiency accomplishment of potato farming using granola variety and Kalosi variety was classified as high, (3) socio-economic factors that had an effect on lowering technical inefficiency in potato farming with granola variety were potato farming experience, household size and the land distance from the farmer's house, while in potato farming using kalosi variety were potato farming experience and the land distance from the farmer's house, and (4) the productive age and availability of labor in the family affected the farmer’s chances of applying superior varieties in potato farming.
Keyword: technical efficiency, superior varieties, risk behavior, technological application, potato

Judul: Karakteristik Anatomi Skelet Kepala Buaya senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii).
Abstrak: Buaya sepit atau senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii) merupakan jenis buaya asli Indonesia yang berhabitat di sungai-sungai Sumatera, Kalimantan, dan juga pedalaman Sulawesi. Salah satu ciri khas buaya senyulong adalah bentuk moncong yang runcing dan sempit, namun hingga saat ini informasi mengenai struktur skelet kepala buaya senyulong sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik anatomi skelet kepala buaya senyulong yang dikatikan dengan fungsi dan perilakunya. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksploratif dengan melakukan pengamatan, pencatatan, dan pengambilan gambar dari skelet kepala buaya senyulong. Skelet kepala berukuran panjang 70 cm, lebar 29 cm, dan tingggi 17 cm dengan permukaan kasar pada os nasale, os frontale, os maxilla, os mandibula, os lacrimale, os jugale. Jumlah gigi pada buaya ini sebanyak 78 buah, terdiri dari 4 buah gigi premaxila, 16 buah gigi maxila, dan 19 buah gigi mandibula. Pada regio orbitalis ditemukan dua pasang fenestrae temporales yang berkembang baik. Fenestra supratemporale merupakan lubang oval yang membentang di sepanjang os parietale. Fenestra infratemporale berbentuk segitiga dan dibatasi oleh os squamosum, os postorbitale, os jugulare, dan os quadratum. Os mandibula hewan ini mempunyai symphysis mandibularis yang panjang yaitu garis yang melintang di corpus mandibulae. Secara fungsional ukuran symphysis mandibularis berkaitan dengan adaptasi hewan terhadap diet makan.
Keyword: kepala, moncong, Tomistoma schlegelii