Judul: Budidaya cacing tanah (Eisenia foetida) dengan memanfaatkan media jerami, rumput, daun-daunan dan serbuk gergaji sebagai bahan tambahan pada kotoran ternak
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Zoologi, Fa- kultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Institut Perta- nian Bogor, Tajur, Bogor, dari tanggal 18 Nopember 1992 sampai dengan tanggal 30 Januari 1993. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mencari media dan campuran bahan (rumput, daun-dau- nan, jerami, serbuk gergaji) dengan kotoran ternak yang paling sesuai bagi pertumbuhan dan perkembang-biakan cacing tanah. Media kotoran ternak yang dipergunakan adalah kotoran sapi, kuda, domba dan kelinci. Pada penelitian ini kotak sarang yang digunakan sebagai habitat (tempat hidup cacing) yaitu bata merah dengan ukuran 25x25x20cm, sebanyak 24 kotak sarang. Perlakuan yang digu- nakan terdiri dari delapan komposisi media campuran kotoran dengan bahan-bahan rumput, daun-daunan, jerami dan serbuk gergaji (masing-masing 12,5%). Dimana digunakan empat jenis kotoran dengan perlakuan fermentasi dan tanpa fermentasi, masing-masing terdiri dari tiga kali ulangan. Perbandingan antara kotoran dengan bahan campuran yaitu 50%:50%, dalam berat (kilogram). Semua media yang sudah tercampur rata diletakkan dalam kotak sarang. Pengukuran pH, suhu dan kelembaban dilakukan tiga hari sekali, demikian pula dengan penyiraman kotak sarang. Peubah yang diamati dalam hal ini adalah jumlah dan berat cacing, jumlah dan berat kokon serta tinggi dan berat media (penyusutan sarang). Semua peubah ini diamati pada hari kedua puluh dan keempat puluh. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial. Untuk menguji pengaruh perlakuan terhadap respon yang dia- mati dilakukan sidik ragam dan jika berpengaruh nyata dilan- jutkan dengan uji kontras orthogonal. Hasil penelitian menunjukan pada Panen I faktor...
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Judul: Pengaruh campuran kotoran rumen sapi dan rumput lapang terhadap bobot tubuh, produksi kokon dan penyusutan sarang pada cacing tanah (Eisenia foetida Savigny)
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh berbagai campuran kotoran rumen sapi dan rumput lapang ter- hadap bobot tubuh cacing, produksi kokon, dan penyusutan sa- rang pada pemeliharaan 20 dan 40 hari. Penelitian dilaku- kan di Laboratorium Zoologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam-IPB, Tajur, Bogor. Penelitian berlangsung mulai tanggal 5 Juli sampai dengan tanggal 18 September 1991. Pada penelitian ini kotak sarang yang digunakan seba- gai habitat (tempat hidup cacing) yaitu bata merah ukuran 3 25 X 25 X 15 cm. Perlakuan yang digunakan terdiri dari 4 macam komposisi media campuran kotoran rumen sapi dan rumput lapang, yaitu P₁ (100% kotoran rumen sapi), P2 (75% kotoran rumen sapi + 25% rumput), P3 (50% kotoran rumen sa- pi + 50% rumput), dan P4 (25% kotoran rumen sapi + 75% rum- put). Masing-masing perlakuan terdiri dari 4 ulangan. Se- mua media yang sudah dicampur rata, masing-masing ditanam cacing sebanyak 50 gram (berat bersih). Penyiraman dilaku- kan setiap tiga hari sekali...
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Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite