Judul: Produktivitas, Biaya Kegiatan Penebangan dan Pembagian Batang Kayu Jati Di KPH Ciamis
Abstrak: Salah satu tahapan penting dalam pemanenan kayu jati (Tectona grandis L. f.) adalah kegiatan penebangan dan pembagian batang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengukur produktivitas dan menganalisis besarnya biaya kegiatan penebangan dan pembagian batang serta membandingkan biaya penebangan dan pembagian batang berdasarkan standar biaya yang telah ditetapkan oleh Perhutani atau disebut sistem kontrak/borongan yang kepemilikan alat milik operator dengan biaya perhitungan jika kepemilikan alat milik Perhutani. Hasil produktivitas ratarata penebangan dan pembagian batang adalah 1.99 m3/jam. Total biaya penebangan dan pembagian batang berdasarkan analisis jika perhutani memiliki alat sendiri adalah Rp 14 706/m3. Sementara biaya penebangan dan pembagian batang jika menggunakan sistem kontrak/borongan Rp 31 000/m3. Selisih biaya tersebut yaitu Rp 16 294/m3 atau 52.56% lebih murah jika Perhutani memiliki alat chainsaw sendiri
Keyword: chainsaw, kayu bulat, pemanenan, kayu jati, time study

Judul: Produktivitas dan Biaya Penebangan serta Pembagian Batang Kayu Jati di BKPH Brumbun KPH Madiun
Abstrak: Jati menjadi bahan baku industri perkayuan yang memiliki kualitas dan nilai jual tinggi, Perum Perhutani sebagai pemasok kayu jati di Indonesia. Untuk memenuhi bahan baku industri diperlukan tahapan kegiatan pemanenan meliputi kegiatan penebangan, penyaradan, muat bongkar, pengangkutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis produktivitas, waktu kerja, biaya kegiatan penebangan dan pembagian batang, menganalisis hubungan antara diameter dengan waktu kerja. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan mengamati waktu kerja penebangan dan pembagian batang, mengukur diameter (cm), panjang (m) pohon, menghitung produktivitas serta menghitung analisis biaya. Produktivitas rata-rata penebangan dan pembagian batang sebesar 2,86 m3 /jam dengan total biaya yang dikeluarkan berdasarkan analisis biaya yang dihitung jika Perum Perhutani memiliki alat sendiri sebesar Rp 22.152,33/m3 . Produktivitas kerja dapat ditingkatkan dengan cara pelatihan bagi operator chainsaw., Teak is raw materials in the timber industry which has a high quality and high selling point, Perum Perhutani as a supplier of teak in Indonesia. To meet the needs of industry requires a harvesting phase like felling, skidding, loading unloading, transportation. The study aimed to analysis productivity, time study, the cost of felling and bucking activities, analyzing the correlation between diameter and time of work. The study was conducted the time of the logging work and the division of the timber, measured in diameter (cm), length (m) tree, counting productivity and then calculate cost analysis. The average productivity of felling and bucking is 2,86 m3 /hour with the amount of charges Perum Perhutani issued based on the cost analysis that was calculated if Perum Perhutani had his own tools is Rp 22.152,33/m3 . Productivity can be improved by training chainsaw operator.
Keyword: cost, harvesting, productivity, teak

Judul: Antibodi anti-idiotipe sebagai kandidat vaksin rabies, Anti-idiotype andibody as a rabies vaccine candidate
Abstrak: Anti rabies serum (ARS) called antibody 1 (Ab1) was used as the antigen to immunize laying chickens. Anti-Ab1 chicken immunoglobulins (IgY), the antiidiotype antibodies against rabies (Ab2) was isolated from chicken blood every week for ten weeks. The highest titer of Ab2 was found at the third week after the last immunization. Immunoglobulin Y was separated by means of ammonium sulfate precipitation, then dialyzed using PBS pH 8.0 for 24 hours at 2 – 8 oC and purified using affinity chromatography column for IgY lead the proteins molecules with 185,000; 95,000 and 49,000 dalton in weigth. Purified IgY was used to immunize New Zealand White rabbit and the antibody response (Ab3) was detected using Agar Gel Precipitation Test (AGPT). The Ab3 showed specific reaction with Ab2 as well as rabies virus. Interestingly, Ab2 and rabies virus express partial identity reaction. This lead the insight, that not all parts of Ab2 are internal image of rabies virus. The efficacy of Ab3 was detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indicated that the level of Ab3 titer is protective according to WHO standard (more than 0.5 IU/ml). The conclusion of this study is the anti-idiotype antibody can induce protective immune response against rabies virus and can be used as an alternative for rabies anti-idiotype vaccine. Key words : anti-idiotype vaccine, antibody, rabies
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