Judul: Termite Diversity in Teak Stands in Tulungagung
and Wonogiri Regencies
Abstrak: Berbagai macam organisme pengganggu tanaman berpotensi dapat menyerang pohon jati termasuk rayap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman spesies rayap pada lahan tegakan jati di Kabupaten Tulungagung dan Wonogiri. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode transek dengan area transek 10 m x 60 m dan pengumpanan dengan kayu pinus yang ditempatkan pada lima kecamatan di Kabupaten Tulungagung (Kalidawir, Pucanglaban, Tanggunggunung, Campur Darat, dan Ngunut) dan lima kecamatan di Wonogiri (Jatiroto, Jatisrono, Sidoharjo, Slogohimo, dan Purwantoro). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sekurang-kurangnya ditemukan empat spesies rayap yaitu Macrotermes gilvus, Odontotermes sp., Microtermes insperatus, dan Nasutitermes havilandi. Keanekaragaman rayap di Wonogiri tergolong sedang dengan nilai H’ tertinggi (1,08), sedangkan keanekaragaman rayap di Tulungagung tergolong rendah dengan H, Various kinds of plant disrupting organisms can potentially attack teak trees including termites. This study aimed to identify the diversity of termite species in teak stands in Tulungagung and Wonogiri regencies. Sampling using the transect method with a transect area of 10 m x 60 m and feeding with pine wood placed in five sub-districts in Tulungagung Regency (Kalidawir, Pucanglaban, Tanggunggunung, Campur Darat, and Ngunut) and five sub-districts in Wonogiri (Jatiroto, Jatisrono, Sidoharjo, Slogohimo, and Purwantoro). The results showed that at least four termite species were found, Macrotermes gilvus, Odontotermes sp., Microtermes insperatus, and Nasutitermes havilandi. Termite diversity in Wonogiri was classified as medium with the highest H’ value (1.08), while termite diversity in Tulungagung was low with the lowest H’ (0.59). The dominance value of termite species in both districts was classified as medium and the evenness value in all observation locations showed an average high evenness index value. The results of the nonmetric multidimensional scalling analysis showed that Jatiroto Subdistrict and Ngunut Subdistrict have a high level of species similarity (0.90).
Keyword: keanekaragaman, rayap, pohon jati, NMDS

Judul: Keanekaragaman Rayap Tanah di Hutan Pendidikan Gunung Walat, Sukabumi.
Abstrak: Termites are social insects are included in the order blatodea. Termites are easily encountered in the lowland tropics and this is due to the spread of termite activity is influenced by temperature and precipitation. Termites are many benefits to the ecosystem of the earth, as makrofauna ground termites have a role in the manufacture of passageways in the soil and cause soil to be loose, so good for plant growth (Sigit & Hadi 2006), termites have a role in helping people as a way to destroy wood decomposers or other organic material and return the nutrients to the soil (Nandika et al. 2003). Most of the people thought that termites are destructive insects, it is not out of the activities of termites that cause damage to crops, properties, and damage to buildings made of wood to the detriment of the economy. Which is polymorphic termites live in colonies that have a caste system. Each caste has a different body morphology. Soldier caste has a distinctive form of the mandible. Termites can be identified by observing the size of the head and mandibel of the warrior caste. This study aims to determine the diversity of termites in the area of Mount Forest Education Walat Sukabumi West Java. Termites are found preserved into the film canister containing 70% alcohol. Based on the results of the study of termites from five locations: on the stand agathis, pine, puspa, agroforestry and mess around. The study was conducted in December 2011 to February 2012. Sampling occurs in HPGW Sukabumi, West Java. Specimen measurement, data analysis and image retrieval conducted at the Teknologi Pemanfaatan Mutu Kayu (TPMK) Department of Forest Products, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University. The results of this study indicate that Schedorhinotermes is a genus of Rhinotermitidae family members are most often found, of twenty-six samples obtained thirteen species of termites of whom are members of the genus Schedorhinotermes. Thirteen samples were from termite genus Macrotermes, Odontotermes, Pericapritermes and Nasutitermes. Has six species of the genus Macrotermes, Odontotermes has five species, genus Nasutitermes, Pericapritermes and each amounted to one example. Genus Macrotermes and Odontotermes is the most common genus and has a widespread distribution in almost all locations. Pericapritermes and Nasutitermes is the least genus is found only in one location. Observation needs to be done outside of the five locations that have been made to cover the entire area HPGW. Termite observation needs to be done at various seasons to obtain the completeness of data in different seasons.
Keyword: 

Judul: Case Study of Gallbladder Mucocele and Treatment Used In Small Animals
Abstrak: Gallbladder mucocele (GM) is defined as distention of the gallbladder caused by an inappropriate accumulation or deposition of high concentrations of bile. The purpose of this case study is to study GM conditions in small animals and to report the clinical sign and characteristics of GM through the sonogram interpretation and blood chemistry test evaluation, and studies related to the therapy given and other treatments recommended. A 14-year-old Toy Poodle dog has been diagnosed with severe GM and cholecystitis. No pain signs were shown during the physical examination as asymptomatic is a common characteristic in the early stage of biliary related diseases. In this study Abdominal ultrasonography interpretation and blood chemistry evaluation was conducted in 2021-2022 and analyzed as a secondary data source. Ultrasonography results showed presence of hyperechoic, immobile deposits in gallbladder accompanied by wall thickening and enlarged in size, followed by a significant increase in the enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP). This study has summarized mainly the diagnosis and treatments of GM in small animals and suitable alternatives treatments were recommended to encounter the GM conditions in small animals. The effectiveness of combined therapy shows the positive impact on the patient, the condition of GM has been under control.
Keyword: ultrasound, gallbladder, biliary sludge, abdominal ultrasonography