Judul: Pengaruh Berbagai Tingkat Energi Dalam Ransum Yang Mengandung Protein 16 Persen Terhadap Berat Telur Ayam Petelur Tipe Medium Dengan Pengandangan Sistim "Cage"
Abstrak: Percobaan ini dilakukan di Bagian Unggas, Ilmu produksi Ternak, Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, dari tanggal 20 Oktober 1980 sampai dengan tanggal 19 Januari 1981. Tujuan dari percobaan ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh borbagai tingkat energi metabolis dalam ransum yang mengandung 16 persen protein torhadap berat telur ayam petolur tipo medium yang dikandangkan dalam "individual cage". Percobaan yang dilakukan merupakan percobaan faktorial 2 x 3 dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap. Sebagai materi percobaan digunakan 132 ekor ayam petelur Hisex Brown finalstock yang diperoleh dari perusahaan pembibitan ayam PT Sinta Poultry, Slipi, Jakarta dan 132 ekor ayam petelur Super Harco finalstock yang diperoleh dari perusahaan pembibitan ayam PT Charoen Pokphand, Tangerang, sejak umur satu hari. Ransum percobaan yang disusun berturut-turut mengandung 2450, 2650 dan 2850 kilo kalori energi metabolis per kilo gram ransum dengan kandungan protein 16 persen untuk masing-masing energi metabolis. ...
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Judul: Pengaruh berbagai tingkat energi dalam ransum yang mengandung protein 16 persen dan strain terhadap produksi telur ayam petelur tipe medium pada fase I dengan pengandangan sistim cage
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Bagian Ilmu Ternak Unggas, Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor dari tanggal 20 Oktober 1980 sampai dengan tanggal 8 Maret 1981 Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh berbagai tingkat energi delam rensum yang mengandung protein 16% dan strein terhadap produksi telur ayam petelur tipe medium pada fase I dengan pengendangan sistim cege. Percobaan ini adalah percobaan faktorial 3 x 2, dengan menggunakan pola Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Sebagai sample yang digunakan 132 ekor ayam petelur strein Hisex Brown don 132 ekor ayam petelur strain Super Harco masing-masing dari perusahaan pembibitan PT. Shinte Poultry den PT. Charoen Pokphand Jaya Farm, Jakarta. ...
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Judul: Systematics of Desmos (Annonaceae) in Malesia
Abstrak: Desmos is a woody climbing genus of Annonaceae which has been widely used as traditional medicine in several countries such as China, Indo-China, Thailand, and Peninsular Malaysia to treat dysentery, vertigo, fever, and postpartum. Phylogenetic studies on Desmos showed a close relationship between Desmos and Dasymaschalon. They share similar moniliform monocarpic fruits, but their flowers are different. It has been debated among Annonaceae researchers whether both genera should be treated as the same or distinct genus. Therefore, investigation on the taxonomic delimitation of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon will be necessary. Plastid genome (plastome) identification, leaf epidermal section of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon species, a taxonomic revision of Desmos in Malesia using morphological data, the spatial distribution of Desmos species in Malesia, and morphological and genetic variation in Desmos chinensis population using ISSR marker were used to investigate taxonomic delimitation of Desmos. Plastome study of Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was carried out to determine the origin, evolution, phylogenomics, and identify marker candidates for Desmos and Dasymaschalon or with other genera in Annonaceae. We discovered that the plastome of Desmos chinensis was circular with the size of 167,677 bp (smaller than Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum), consist of 111 genes, including 78 protein-coding genes, 29 transfer RNAs, and 4 ribosomal RNAs. The plastome showed a typical quadripartite structure, i.e., large single copy (LSC), small single copy (SSC), and two inverted repeats (IRs). The plastome of Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was 191,488 bp in length, which also exhibited a typical quadripartite structure (LSC, SSC, and two IRs). Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum showed different copies of accD, ndhD, ndhF, rps18, and ycf2. Protein coding genes of rpoB, rpoC1, rbcL, matK, rpl32, infA, and rpl36 were identified based on nucleotide diversity, sequence variability, and parsimony-informative sites. The genes are defined as molecular marker candidates of plastome for phylogenetic, barcoding, and population genetic research. We predicted that Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum separated at ca. 64 million years ago during the Paleocene. Leaf anatomical feature study was carried to support the taxonomic delimitation of interspecific Desmos and intergeneric of Desmos and Dasymaschalon. Leaf anatomy in the paradermal section of 20 taxa (12 species of Desmos, eight species of Dasymaschalon) have been carried out. According to the leaf epidermal section, Desmos and Dasymaschalon are two distinct genera mainly distinguished based on the anticlinal wall undulation of epidermal cells and supported by variation of the crystal type and size. The anticlinal wall undulation of Desmos was almost straight to slightly wavy and never sinuous; meanwhile, Dasymaschalon varies from almost straight to deeply sinusoid. The crystals of Desmos consist of rhombohedral, druse type A, and druse type B crystals, whereas Dasymaschalon has prism, druse type A, druse type B, and druse type C crystals. The recent taxonomic revision using the morphological data was mainly based on the examination of about 1374 specimens from BO, L, WAN, ANDA, SING, SAN, K, P, HUH herbaria. The Desmos species in Malesia consists of eight species: D. acutus, D. chinensis, D. chryseus, D. dunalii, D. pedunculosus, D. subbiglandulosus, two new records: D. lawii and D. macrocarpus, and one
Keyword: Dasymaschalon, Desmoid clade, Magnoliid, plastid genome, phylogenomics analysis