Judul: Struktur Genetik dan Filogenetik Ikan Tuna (Thunnus spp.) di TPI Tanjung Luar, Lombok Berdasarkan DNA Mitokondria
Abstrak: Tuna is the third largest fishery commodities in Indonesia after shrimp and demersal fish. Identification of tuna has been difficult because of the close genetic relationships among these species and the ease with which morphological characters may be removed once a fish has been landed. This research aims to identify species, investigate the genetic and phylogenetic structure of tuna that landed and traded in Tanjung Luar fish market, Lombok. The polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify segment of the mitochondrial control region gene from members of these species. 43 samples fins tuna were collected consists of 34 Thunus albacares and 9 Thunus obesus, with homology analysis of BLAST ranged between 98-100%. The average of sequence was 533 bp and there were 30 nucleotides different. Phylogenetic trees forming two clades, Thunus albacares and Thunus obesus, with genetic distance ranged from 0 to 0,145. The clades revealed after bootstrapping generally corresponded well with expectations. This methodology should prove very useful for enforcing the regulations governing Indonesia's bluefin tuna fishing industry.
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Judul: Studi Tentang Genetika Populasi Ikan Tuna Mata Besar (Thunnus obesus) Hasil Tangkapan Tuna Longline yang Didaratkan Di Benoa
Abstrak: Tuna mata besar atau bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) merupakan salah satu komoditi ekspor perikanan tuna yang paling utama di Indonesia selain tuna sirip kuning (T. albacares) dan tuna sirip biru selatan (T. maccoyii). Seiring dengan meningkatnya permintaan pasar dari tahun ke tahun, maka semakin tinggi pula eksploitasi terhadap jenis tuna mata besar, sehingga di perairan Samudera Hindia, sudah terindikasi lebih tangkap atau mendekati titik jenuh. Oleh karena itu diperlukan suatu konsep manajemen yang tepat, dalam jangka panjang dapat menjamin hasil tangkapan yang menguntungkan tetapi kelestarian sumber daya tetap terjaga. Konsep ini akan terlaksana efektif apabila tersedia data tentang kondisi populasi tuna mata besar dengan definisi yang jelas dan akurat. Salah satu metode yang dapat diterapkan untuk menentukan kondisi populasi ikan dan struktur genetiknya dengan tingkat akurasi yang tinggi adalah didasarkan pada polimorfisme DNA; dan DNA mitokondria dipercaya sangat relevan bagi studi tersebut. Penelitian genetika populasi ikan tuna mata besar di Indonesia dari perairan Samudera Hindia sebelah selatan Jawa dan Nusa Tenggara belum pernah dilakukan. Hal di atas, kiranya yang mendasari perlunya diadakan penelitian mengenai genetika populasi ikan tuna mata besar hasil tangkapan tuna longline yang didaratkan di Benoa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi keragaman genetik dan struktur populasi ikan tuna mata besar dari perairan Samudera Hindia sebelah selatan Jawa dan Nusa Tenggara.
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Judul: A Continuous Vaccination Strategy in the SVIR Epidemic Model
Abstrak: Vaccination is conducted to minimize the spread of a disease. The vaccination is usually done several times within a fixed time interval. In the SVIR model, it is assumed that individuals do not get immediate immunity following a vaccination program. So according to process of vaccination on SVIR model, there are two strategies, i.e. the continuous vaccination strategy (CVS) and the pulse vaccination strategy (PVS). In this study, only the CVS strategy in epidemic model SVIR is considered. Results of the study indicate that dynamics of the CVS system depends on the basic reproductive number. If the basic reproductive number is less than one, then the disease-free fixed point is asymptotically stable. It means that the disease will eventually disappear from the population. Conversely, if the basic reproductive number is greater than one, then the endemic fixed point is asymptotically stable, which means that the disease will remain exist in the population. Simulation result shows that the vaccination would minimize the spread of disease by reducing the basic reproductive number. If the time for the vaccinated recipients to obtain the immunity, as well as a possibility of vaccinated recipients to be infected are neglected, then the disease will be eradicated. This condition is called an over-evaluating effect of vaccination.
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