Judul: Spatial dynamic model of fishery system: case of small pelagic fisheries area development at Central Mollucas Regency
Abstrak: Disparities of fisheries development in Central Mollucas regency were indicated by differences in fishery system dynamics. High potency and good access to the utilization of small pelagic fishes in the WPP-RI 714 and 715 do not guarantee the welfare of fishers in the region. This condition requires the touch of a fisheries development strategy based on the dynamics of fishery systems. The purpose of this research is to develop the model of spatial dynamics of the fishery system in the area development of small pelagic fisheries. Specially, to analyze spatial dynamics of fisheries system includes natural, human and management subsystems to determine fishing ground accessibilities as an instrument to develop the small pelagic fisheries area, to defining primary commodities, main fishing units and its optimal allocation to support small pelagic fisheries area development, and to determine effects of fishery management policies on small pelagic fisheries area development. The study produced Model of TipoSan, InSist and MoDiS that accommodate the dynamics of the fisheries system components to develop small pelagic fisheries area. Spatial dynamics of natural subsystems which configuration the dynamics of fishing ground accessibility, implications to determine the base of small pelagic fisheries area through nearest access, (2) primary commodities of pelagic fishes are Decapterus spp. Selaroides leptolepis, Elagastis bipinnulatus, Rastrelliger spp. and Stolephorus indicus; seleted fishing technologies are purse seine, boat/raft lift net, vertical hand line, and drift gill net with optimum allocation are 175 units of purse seine and 1,643 units of vertical hand line; and 31.263 fishers; (3) the spatial dynamics of management subsystems based on goverment policies is still weak to supporting the development of small pelagic fisheries area in Central Mollucas regency.
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Judul: System development for capture fisheries business of Riau Province
Abstrak: The general objectives of this research is to develop system development of capture fisheries business in Riau Province which can be used as referrence in capture fisheries development planning after experiencing expansion of administrative areas. To achieve these general objective, and more specifically the special purpose of this study are; 1) determine the proper capture fisheries business to develop; 2) determine the appropriate conflict resolution; 3) the appropriate institutional form in the development of capture fisheries business. Survey method was used to collecting information and data from the field. Schaefer model was used to determine the limit of fishery utilization by determining the Maximum Sustainable Yield ( MSY). Linear Goal Programming Model was used to analyze the technological allocation based on all determined target. Scoring method was applied to determine the best kind of capture fisheries technology. Quantitative and qualitative analysis were used for economic and social aspect and descriptive analysis to determine the environmental friendly fishing technology. Method of conflict resolution techniques based on Fisher et al. (2000). The results indicated that selected fish resource in Malacca Strait Bengkalis Regency are, yellow pike-conger (Congresox talabon), giant threadfish (Eleutheronema tetradactylum), silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus), and white shrimp (Metapenaeus sp), with fishing technology of longline, batu net, atom net and apollo net. The optimum amount for the selected fishing technology in Bengkalis Regency is 6595 unit. Selected fish resources in the South China Sea Indragiri Hilir Regency are giant threadfish (Eleutheronema tetradactylum)”, white shrimp (Metapenaeus sp), yellow pike-conger (Congresox talabon) and barred spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus commersoni) and with fishing technology of longline, “batu net”, gillnet and shrimp net. The optimum amount for the selected fishing technology in Indragiri Hilir Regency is 5956 unit. Conflict in the waters of Bengkalis is the conflict between longline fishermen and batu net fishermen. Identification for the conflict typology based on internal allocation and jurisdiction. Strategic planning that can be done to resolve conflicts in these waters is the involvement of fishing communities, especially community leaders in the utilization and management, formal recognition of sea tenure in the community in resource management and increased surveillance conducted in an integrated manner, which involves all elements in System Development for Capture Fisheries Business of Riau Province (SIPUTREFIK) and the establisment of institutional mediators.
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Judul: Katalis Zink Ferit Tersubstitusi Cu untuk Oksidasi Benzil Alkohol
Abstrak: Katalis berperan dalam menurunkan energi aktivasi. Katalis ZnFe2O4 dan ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu disintesis menggunakan metode kopresipitasi untuk digunakan dalam oksidasi benzil alkohol. Katalis dicirikan dengan spektrofotometer inframerah (FTIR) dan difraktometer sinar-X. Spektrum FTIR menunjukkan puncak serapan dari ikatan Zn-O dan Fe-O masing-masing pada rentang 559‒575 cm-1 dan 419‒447 cm-1. Difraktogram menunjukkan terbentuknya fase tunggal Zn0.6Cu0.4Fe2O4 pada katalis ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu 20%. Benzil alkohol dioksidasi dengan sistem refluks. Konversi benzil alkohol meningkat dengan meningkatnya suhu. Kadar benzaldehida yang dihasilkan dengan katalis ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu 20% lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan katalis ZnFe2O4 yang tidak tersubstitusi dan yang tersubstitusi Cu 60 dan 80%. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa katalis ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu 20% memiliki kinerja yang lebih baik dalam oksidasi benzil alkohol menjadi benzaldehida dengan kadar benzaldehida 8.763%.
Keyword: Benzil alkohol, katalis, oksidasi, ZnFe2O4