Judul: Determinant Factors of Successful Ex Situ Conservation of Lesser Bird of Paradise (Paradisaea minor Shaw, 1809).
Abstrak: Lesser bird of paradise (Paradisaea minor Shaw, 1809) is an endemic bird species in Papua island. Recently its population has been decreasing year to year, due to illegal hunting, illegal trading and habitat destruction. These cause a decrease in the quality and quantity of their habitat especially for feed, shelter, and cover. In order to increase its population in natural habitat needs an ex situ conservation effort such as conservation institution and captive breeding. Currently, ex situ conservation efforts of this bird are lacked and very low in the successful of breeding. The aims of this research were to identify and analyze the component that determine successful of lesser bird of paradise ex situ conservation, to determine a model of successful lesser bird of paradise ex situ conservation and to formulate the typology of succesful lesser bird of paradise ex situ conservation. The study was conducted from March until May 2016 in the TMII Bird Park , Mega Bird and Orchid Farm (MBOF), Ragunan Zoo, Bandung Zoo, and Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation (AWWP) in Qatar. The Data in this research include internal and external biological aspect of species, captive breeding technique, and social aspect. The qualitative data was changed into quantitative data with scoring of assessment. The variables was analyzed by Principle Component Analysis (PCA). The result of the research showed that the type of cage in TMII Bird Park, MBOF, Ragunan Zoo, Bandung Zoo was display cage. The temperature average cage in TMII Bird Park and Ragunan Zoo was 29⁰C and humdity was 86%. The temperature average in MBOF was 25⁰C and humidity 87.5 % and the temperature average in Bandung Zoo was 23.5⁰C and humidity 90.5 %. Type of feeds were divided into main feed and extra feed which were given everyday. The analysis of nutrient indicated that the protein of the feed consumption is about 6.9% with the energy is about 2578.3 ccal. The statistical analysis showed that there are five determinant factors of successful ex situ conservation of lesser bird of paradise. First components were age, feed and the keeper ability, second component was nest, third components were cage size and the availability of specialist, and fourth components were cage facilities and adaptability of the bird, and fifth components were disturbance and construction of the cage. These variables in determinant factors are used as basic data to formulate the model and typology. There are three typologies of succesful ex situ conservation which are based on internal aspects of the lesser bird of the paradise, captive breeding technique and the social aspect.
Keyword: conservation, determinant factor, ex situ, lesser bird of paradise, model, successful, typology

Judul: Penangkaran Cendrawasih Kuning Kecil (Paradisaea minor Shaw,1809) di Taman Burung, Taman Mini Indonesia Indah dan Mega Bird and Orchid Farm.
Abstrak: Ex situ conservation is a means to save wildlife animal include lesser bird of paradise. Taman Mini Indonesia Indah (TMII) Bird Park and Mega Bird And Orchid Farm (MBOF) were two institutions that support ex-situ conservation program with different purposes. TMII Bird Park has non-commercial purpose breeding, while MBOF has commercial purpose in captivity breeding. The objectives of this research was to describe the management of captive breeding of lesser bird of paradise with the influencing factor for captive breedig success and the daily behavior of lesser bird of paradise in the cage. This research was conducted from March until April 2015. Focal animal sampling and one zero sampling method were employed to observe daily behaviour. The results showed that there were not differences in management between the two locations, and did not success for breeding. The behaviors had been identified were: resting, ingestive, locomotion, and maintenance behavior. The disturbances caused by visitors and other animals.
Keyword: daily behaviors, lesser bird of paradise, management of captivity

Judul: Imobilisasi Metformin Hidroklorida pada Hidrogel Poli(Vinil Alkohol) (PVA) dengan Teknik Iradiasi.
Abstrak: Hidrogel dikenal sebagai salah satu jenis makromolekul polimer hidrofilik berbentuk jaringan bertaut silang yang banyak digunakan dalam matriks pengungkung/pelepas obat. Hidrogel dibuat dengan proses beku-leleh dan iradiasi gamma. Campuran poli(vinil) alkohol 10% (b/v) dalam air yang mengandung metformin HCl (10, 20, 30 mg) dibeku-lelehkan kemudian diiradiasi dengan sinar gamma (0, 10, 15, 20 kGy). Hidrogel yang terbentuk dikarakterisasi menggunakan spektroskopi Fourier transform infrared. Pelepasan metformin HCl dari hidrogel diukur dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Fraksi gel dan daya serap air dihitung pada hidrogel yang tidak tercampur obat. Hidrogel tanpa iradiasi dan hidrogel hasil iradiasi memperlihatkan pergeseran bilangan gelombang pada gugus -OH dan -CH. Kinetika pelepasan obat dari hidrogel diukur berdasarkan persamaan orde nol. Fraksi gel yang diperoleh memiliki rataan 97-98%. Jumlah air yang diserap oleh hidrogel semakin berkurang dengan bertambahnya dosis iradiasi.
Keyword: hidrogel, imobilisasi, iradiasi, metformin HCl, PVA