Judul: Analisis kinerja pasar tradisional di era persaingan global di Kota Bogor
Abstrak: Pasar adalah tempat mendistribusikan kebutuhan harian masyarakat di suatu kota. Pasar terbagi menjadi dua jenis menurut manajemen dan mutu pelayanannya, yaitu Pasar Tradisional dan Pasar Modern. Kota Bogor mengalami pertumbuhan jumlah Pusat Perbelanjaan Modern dan Supermarket/Hipermarket yang cukup pesat yang berimbas kepada pergeseran preferensi dan pangsa pasar dari Pasar Tradisional ke Pasar Modern. Penelitian kualitatif dilakukan dengan mengambil sampel pedagang dari dua jenis Pasar Tradisional. Penyelengaraan pasar tradisional Kota Bogor dilakukan oleh pemerintah maupun kerjasama dengan pihak swasta, sistem tata kelola pedagang yang cenderung stagnan. Secara umum kondisi pedagang di kedua pasar umumnya mengandalkan penjualan harian ke pelanggan non rumah tangga secara grosir, sistem pemasok menggunakan agen dengan pembayaran tunai, modal dari pedagang sendiri dan strategi klaim kualitas dan sikap baik sebagai cara mendapatkan konsumen. Sebanyak 67 persen responden mengalami penurunan omset dan keuntungan harian, yang diikuti oleh penurunan jumlah pembeli harian dan penurunan jam aktif transaksi pasar menjadi indikasi kelesuan pasar tradisional.
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Judul: Strategi Peningkatan Posisi Tawar Pasar Tradisional terhadap Pedagang di Kota Bogor
Abstrak: Traditional market in Bogor Regency is a place to meet transaction between producers and consumers which has the strategic value for the developing people’s economic growth. But, the embeded problem, the traditional market is still low competitiveness if it is compared to the modern market (hyper market, super marker, etc) competitiveness. In that condition, it’s necessary to get the strategies of competitiveness of the traditional market increased in Bogor Regency. The objective of the research is to formulate strategy and program to achieve more competitiveness of the traditional market in Bogor Regency. The specific aims are to identify the condition of traditional market, to analyze the perception of consumers and to formulate the strategies for the increasing competitiveness of the traditional market in Bogor Regency. Research uses the method that has the descriptive quantitative with it for identificating of condition of the traditional market, IPA Analysis for the Analysis perception customer to traditional market and SWOT and QSPM Analysis for formulating strategy and program to increase competitiveness the traditional market in Bogor Regency. Results of the research show the three priority strategics for increasing the competitiveness of the traditional market in Bogor Regency, those are 1) to increase quality of service market, 2) to increase quality of infrastructure market, and 3) to control the PKL trader those belong to the traditional market.
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Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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