Judul: Analisis Genetik Populasi Setengah Dialel Lima Genotipe Pepaya (Carica papaya L.)
Abstrak: The increase of papaya production is not followed by quality increment so that cannot meet the consumer’s requirements and taste. One strategy to enhance the development of papaya commercially is the supply of superior cultivars based on consumers taste through papaya breeding program. In order to get an appropriate breeding method, basic informations are essential such as general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA), heritability, type of gene action, heterosis, linkage between the characters and influence of the characters associated with the yield. The objectives of this experiment were to study the general combining ability and specific combining ability among five genotypes of papaya, the diversity of fruit quality and yield of ten F1 hybrids, to path-analysis the morphological characters associated with yield potential and fruit quality of papaya. Five S3 papaya genotypes resulted by Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute (ITFRI); BT2, Carmina, Dampit, Carmida and Merah Delima, were used as parents for the development of half diallel populations. Five parents and their ten hybrids were planted at Dramaga field experiment, Bogor, 250 asl altitude, using Randomized Completely Design with three replications. Combining ability was analyzed using Grifting Method II diallel analysis procedure. Variance of analysis all variable observed including vegetative and generative growth, fruit production and quality showed significant difference among genotypes tested. Analysis of variance of GCA and SCA for yield component of variable were very significant difference except SCA for lag phase. The characters of fruit weigth, fruit length, and flesh hardness were controled by additive gene action and Dampit can be selected as parent plant with the best GCA for those characters. The characters of flesh thickness, TSS, fruit number, production per plant and the percentage of abnormal fruit were controlled by non-additive gene action because the efect of SCA and non-additive variance were greater than the efect of GCA and additive variance. Hybrids CarminaXCarmida were heterosis and have the highest SCA and mean for flesh thickness and TSS. Hybrids BT-2 X Dampit, Carmina X Dampit and Carmina X Carmida. have the highest SCA and mean for production per plant. The path analysis result showed the character of leaf width can be used as a marker for highest production, but it cannot be used as selection criteria doe to low of narrow sense heritability. The characters of petiole length and fruit weight can be used as selection criteria for further generation and marker for high production.
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Judul: Pendugaan Nilai Heterosis dan Daya Gabung serta Penampilan Beberapa Genotipe Pepaya (Carica Papaya L.) Hasil Persilangan Half Diallel
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Tajur I Pusat Kajian Buah-buahan Tropika IPB pada bulan Januari hingga Juni 2005. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menduga nilai heterosis, daya gabung umum (DGU) dan daya gabung khusus (DGK). serta mengevaluasi penampilan beberapa genotipe pepaya hasil persilangan half diallel. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu 15 genotipe pepaya yang atas lima genotipe tetua dan 10 genotipe persilangan half diallel. terdiri Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) faktor tunggal dengan empat ulangan, sehingga total seluruhnya yaitu 75 satuan percobaan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan nilai heterosis diantara genotipe-genotipe yang diuji. Secara umum genotipe-genotipe yang diuji memiliki nilai heterosis dan heterobeltiosis yang rendah. Nilai tengah genotipe hasil persilangan umumnya berada diantara nilai tengah kedua tetuanya. Genotipe-genotipe yang diuji memiliki tingkat keragaman yang tinggi untuk nilai DGU dan DGK. Nilai DGU tertinggi secara umum dimiliki oleh IPB 1 kecuali untuk peubah kedudukan bunga pertama dan diameter tanaman saat berbunga fertil pertama. Genotipe IPB 10 x IPB 5 memiliki nilai DOK yang cenderung lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan genotipe hasil persilangan lainnya untuk semua peubah yang diamati. Ragam aditif yang diperoleh lebih besar untuk semua peubah yang diamati kecuali peubah umur tanaman berbunga fertil pertama yang mengindikasikan bahwa peran gen aditif lebih besar daripada peran gen dominan. Dengan demikian belum tepat dilakukan untuk pembentukan suatu genotipe hibrida. Terdapat perbedaan yang sangat nyata diantara genotipe yang diuji untuk karakter. Secara umum genotipe IPB 10 x Str 6-4 memiliki karakter tinggi semua tanaman saat berbunga pertama dan fertil pertama yang lebih rendah, berdiameter batang yang lebih besar, dan umur berbunga yang lebih cepat (genjah) dibandingkan dengan genotipe yang diuji lainnya.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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