Judul: Nilai Penting Sumberdaya Air Karst sebagai Pertimbangan Penyusunan Zonasi Taman Nasional
Abstrak: The existence of national parks provides many benefits for communities. However, the formulation of national park zoning, which is the bases for national park management in Indonesia, in general used biodiversity values which very often limit the utilization of resources within the national park. Apart from biodiversity, national parks also provide environmental services which offered greater possibility of utilization because of its non-exploitative nature or can be utilized outside the national parks’ boundaries, such as water resource. One supplier of water resource is karst landscape. National parks that have significant karst landscape should be capable in providing water as their environmental services to local communities thus enhancing benefits of national parks for improving communities’ welfare. Unfortunately, no national park in Indonesia with extensive karst landscape that formulates its zoning based on the hydrological function of karst itself. One national park with extensive karst landscape and undergoing zoning preparation is Manupeu Tanahdaru National Park (MTNP) in the province of East Nusa Tenggara. Therefore, study of potential karst water in MNTP was conducted to provide considerations for MNTP zoning formulation to aid in reducing water shortages that the local communities experienced during drought period. The main objectives of this study were to map karst water resources and determining priority areas for karst protection (karst priority). The study was conducted in MNTP from May to June 2010 to collect field data and from August to December 2010 in GIS Laboratory of Department of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism, Bogor Agricultural University. The research methods comprised of literature studies, interviews, and ground check. Data analysis was performed by spatial analysis and water demand analysis. Furthermore, descriptive analysis was done to provide explanation for the general condition, the potentials of karst water, water requirement for the local communities and water utilization by the local communities. Karst area of MTNP was proof that some karst areas are protected. Results of field identification indicated the existence of a total of 23,609.25 ha of karst area within the MTNP, covering approximately 32.33% of the entire park. Water cwhich originated from the karst aquifer would flow through the cave and channelled out as springs and gave inputs to surface water rivers. These location were spread out within the national park and partly flowing into the residential communities. The community utilized water to meet daily needs and irrigation of agricultural land. The total water demand of the community was 880,682,366 litres/year. Water requirements could only be met for 6 months with the assumption that water could be stored for 2 months after 4 months of rainy season. Interviews with resource person and local communities showed that there were as many as 19 out of 22 villages that experienced water shortages, especially during dry season. The villages that were experiencing the most water shortages were located adjacent to the MTNP’s area. Water potential and the presence of karst areas should be taken into consideration in determining priority karst area. The total area of karst in MTNP priority was 15,934.29 ha or 69.35% of the total area of the karst. Under national park’s zoning,
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Judul: Zoning System of Marine National Park Management by Using Environmental Sensitivity Index, Case Study in Karimunjawa lslands, Jepara. District of Central Java Province
Abstrak: Sistem zonasi pengelolaan taman nasional laut merupakan suatu bentuk penjabaran perencanaan zonasi, implementasi penataan, pemanfaatan dan pengelolaan yang dapat digunakan sebagai pedoman bagi pembentukan dan pengelolaan taman nasional laut. Kepulauan Karimunjawa yang terletak di Kabupaten Jepara Propinsi Jawa Tengah telah ditetapkan sebagai Taman Nasional Laut melalui SK Menteri Kehutanan No.161/MenHut - Wl988 dan sebagai tindaklanjutnya telah disusun Rencana Induk Taman Nasional Laut Karimunjawa (RITNLK) oleh kanwil Kehutanan Propinsi Jawa Tengah. Hasil dari RITNLK tersebut temyata tidak menunjukkan keserasian antara kegiatan konservasi, wisata alam, kegiatan perikanan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat. Hal ini ditunjukan oleh ketidak berhasilan pengelolaan Taman Nasional Laut Karimunjawa (TNLK) dengan berbagai permasalahan baik yang mendasari penentuan zonasi maupun penataan dan pemanfaatan tiap zonasi yang dikhawatirkan akan mengancam kegagalan fungsi TNLK. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, diperlukan adanya kajian bersifat terpadu tentang Sistem Zonasi Pengelolaan TNL Karimunjawa berdasarkan Indeks Kepekaan Lingkungan (IKL ). Sesuai dengan prinsip perencanaan pengelolaan, penelitian ini bertujuan I) membuat basis data yang menggambarkan keakuratan luasan, penggunaan dan penutupan lahan yang menggambarkan keberadaan ekosistem di tiap pulau secara geografis, 2) menyusun nilai IK.L dari tiap ekosistem di setiap pulau, 3) mengkaji dinamika hidro-oceanografi clan kelayakan sosekbud, 4) membuat zonasi, penataan dan pemanfatan dari setiap zonasi dan 5) Mengembangkan program pengelolaan TNLK. Dari tujuan tersebut, diharapan basil penelitian ini dapat menyerasikan kegiatan perikanan, pengelolaan wisata dan pemberdayaan masyarakat sesuai dengan kaidah konservasi, sehingga secara kebijakan penelitiap. ini dapat digunakan dalam perubahan atau re-desain zonasi, penataan dan pemanfaatan tiap zonasi sampai pada pengelolaan TNLK sehingga mempunyai kegunaan sesuai dengan tujuan penetapan TNLK clan secara ilmiah penelitian ini dapat dijadikan dasar acuan dalam sistem zonasi taman nasional laut yaitu berdasarkan nilai Indeks Kepekaan Lingkungan, dinamika hidrooceanografi dan kelayakan sosial ekonomi budaya masyarakat., Karimunjawa islands was decided as.. Marine National Park ("MNP ") which has master plan of MNP (Rencana Induk ·Taman Nasional Laut Karimunjawa = R/TNLK). However, some problems faced on this .m._aster plan are; zoning deciding, and planning for development of utilizing zones, these matters may result in failure of MNP function. In order to avoid these failures, so it is needed to reformulate the MNP management planning based on the balance activities of conservation, ecotourism, fisheries and community empowerment. . Environmental Sensitivity Index (ES/ =lndeks Kepekaan Lingkungan) is better way to be applied in reformulating the zoning re-design, planning for development of utilizing zone, so that the objectives of these MNP management can be obtained. This research had been conducted during 28 months (from September 1997 to December 1999), location of research is in Karimun Jawa islands, Jepara District of Central Java Province. Objectives of the research are: 1) Compiling the baseline data based on the accuracy of area, geographical, land use or ecosystem conditions in each islands. 2) Formulating the Environmental Sensitivity index (ES/) for each ecosystem and islands, 3) Analyzing the dynamical of hydro-oceanography condition as well as socio, economic and cultural suitability, 4) Formulation of zoning system and planning for development of utilizing zones, 5) Development of management program for Karimunjawa MNP. Result of this research can be concluded as follows; 1) Karimunjawa MNP has 27 islands, 6 sandy
Keyword: Zanation, Ecosystems, Marine parks

Judul: Enteric Collibacillosis Pada Anak Babi Baru Lahir: Patogenesa dan Perubahan-Perubahan Patologisnya
Abstrak: Diare disebabkan oleh infeksi bakteri Escherichia coli pada anak-anak babi baru lahir yang peka terhadap en terotoksin produk bakteri tersebut. Dikenal sebagai colibacillosis. Patogenesa dari colibacillosis anak babi baru lahir adalah (1) infeksi oleh E. coli patogen, (2) proliferasi E. coli di lumen usus halus, (3) produksi dan pelepasan enterotoksin, dan (4) aktifitas toksin pada usus halus. Dalam proses proliferasi, adanya antigen pili K88 sangat penting karena memungkinkan bakteri perlekatan dengan epitel mucosa usus halus. mengadakan Setelah ko lonisasi dan proliferasi segera toksin dilepaskan. Akti- fitas toksin menginduksi sekresi yang berlebihan dari u- sus sehingga banyak cairan yang dikeluarkan ke lumen usus. Hal ini mengakibatkan banyak cairan dan elektrolit hilang sehingga timbul diare, dehidrasi dan asidosis yang sering menyebabkan kematian. Perubahan-perubahan patologis yang umum adalah dis tensi usus halus, dilatasi lambung dan infark pada kurva- tura mayor. Perubahan-perubahan histologis yang terjadi adalah enteritis hemorrhagica acuta, oedem dan kongesti pembuluh darah di lamina propria, akumulassi leukosit inti polimorf, sel monosit, dan inti sel mengalami piknosis Thrombus pada vena dan degenerasi serta desquamasi sel epitel usus….
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