Judul: Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Harga Daging Sapi di Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Daging sapi merupakan salah satu komoditas penting bagi masyarakat. Jawa Barat memiliki tingkat konsumsi daging sapi diatas tingkat konsumsi rata-rata nasional, namun harga daging sapi di Jawa Barat hingga saat ini masih mengalami kondisi yang tidak stabil. Kondisi ini akan memberikan dampak negatif bagi para pelaku ekonomi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor-faktor apa saja yang memengaruhi harga daging sapi di Jawa Barat. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder time series tahun 2003-2020. Metode Error Correction Model (ECM) digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada jangka panjang variabel harga daging ayam dan harga daging sapi internasional berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap harga daging sapi di Jawa Barat, dan pada jangka pendek variabel populasi sapi potong berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap harga daging sapi di Jawa Barat., Beef is one of the most important commodities for the society. Beef consumption rate in West Java is above the national average consumption level, yet the beef prices in West Java still experiencing fluctuations until now. The condition of unstable price could give a negative impact to the economy actors. The purpose of this study is to analyze what factors affect the beef prices in West Java. The data for this study were secondary time series data from 2003 to 2020. Error Correction Model (ECM) method is used in this study. The result of this study showed, in the long term the price of chicken meat and international beef price had a positive and significant effect on the beef price in West Java, and in the short term the population of beef cattle had a negative and significant effect on the beef price in West Java.
Keyword: beef, ECM, price fluctuations, price

Judul: Beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi dan penawaran daging, susu, dan telur di Jawa Barat dan Lampung
Abstrak: This study was prepared due to the essential role of meat, milk, and egg as nutritions food to increase the standard of living. for these commodities. There was an increasing demand However there is a slow rate of increase, if not decrease, of the livestock population as the source of these commodities. The purpose of this study was to identify variables at the farmers level affecting the production and supply of meat, fresh milk, and fresh egg, in the light of the possibility of developing livestock production. The survey was conducted at the Province of West Java and Lampung, for the two regions reveal some differences with respect to the prospect of livestock development. By comparing these two regions, it is expected that the result will give some ideas in formulating live- stock development policy not only for the two regions, but also for other regions in Indonesia. Regression analysis of production and supply of meat does not tell us much, for the independent variables could a not explain the production and supply (R2 less than 0.20). Nevertheless, data indicated that on the average a Farmer owns only 2.7 buffaloes in west Java and 4.6 buffaloes and 2.7 cattle in Lampung. Only 17 percent of farmer In West Java sold any Of their cattle within the year proceding the data of enumeration and only 23 percent in Lampung (Table 4.14). Most of the sales are consumptive , (95 percent) such as for housing, education expenses, ritual ceremonies. From the supply point Of view, the amount and frequency OF sales were relatively smal1. Supply elasticity meat to price was 1.14566 for buffalo and 1.05049 for cattle. There was on indication that time variable has some influence On supply of meat. For instance, more cows and buffaloes are slaughtered in the month of lebaran and new year. Elasticity of milk supply to the amount of dairy cow was 0.645 to productivity 0.93892, and to ratio of milk price to dedak price 0.13874. Elasticity of ego Supply to the amount of layers was 1.06881 and to productivity of layers is 0.9643. was Judging from the results explained above, evident that the farmers have little variables selling their livestock. On the other hand due to the high elasticities at slaughtering agent, (pejagal), it could be concluded that butchers have a strong bargaining position in livestock marketing. dst. ...
Keyword: Produksi daging, Hasil-hasil peternakan, Penawaran susu, Penawaran daging, Permintaan hasil peternakan

Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell