Judul: Estimation of Exhaust Gas Emissions of Longline Vessels 51-100 GT at Nizam Zachman Oceanic Fishing Port
Abstrak: Peningkatan emisi gas buang kapal longline, menimbulkan dampak jangka panjang seperti peningkatan suhu bumi dan penurunan hasil tangkapan. Tindakan pengendalian perlu dilakukan dengan mengelola konsumsi BBM agar lebih efisien. Upaya tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan mengetahui informasi status emisi gas buang kapal longline saat ini. Namun, nilai tersebut belum diketahui sehingga penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mengestimasi emisi gas buang kapal longline dengan menghitung konsumsi BBMnya serta FUI per produksi ikan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di PPS Nizam Zachman sebagai homebase kapal longline. Kapal longline berukuran 51-100 GT mendominasi di pelabuhan tersebut. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan studi pustaka dan wawancara. Data penelitian kemudian dianalisis dengan metode analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa rata-rata konsumsi BBM kapal longline sebesar 179 ton per kapal, nilai tersebut telah melebihi kuota subsidi sebesar 21,5 ton per kapal. Emisi gas buang CO, NOx, SOx, dan PM berturut turut sebesar 1.321 kg, 1.946 kg, 3.393 kg, dan 54 kg. Konsumsi BBM yang tinggi menyebabkan emisi gas buang yang tinggi pula. Berdasarkan data tersebut diketahui nilai FUI kapal longline relatif tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan nilai FUI dunia, hal tersebut karena adanya ketidaksesuaian data statistik hasil tangkapan. Hal tersebut menyatakan bahwa konsumsi BBM operasi kapal longline tidak efisien., The increase of exhaust emissions by longlines, has long-term impacts such as increasing global temperatures and decreasing catches. Hence, actions are necessary through managing fuel consumption. As a consequence, the value of exhaust emissions by longline vessels is needed. However, only little information was found, therefore this research was intended to estimate exhaust emissions of longline vessels by calculating their fuel consumption. The result was also presented in FUI per fish production. This research was conducted at Nizam Zachman Oceanic Fishing Port, focusing on longline vessels between 51-100 GT, which major in the port. Data were collected through literature study and interviews. Then data were analyzed by quantitative descriptive analysis method. Results showed that the average fuel consumption is 179 tons per vessel, this value has exceeded the subsidy quota limited to 21.5 tons per vessel. The CO, NOx, SOx, and PM emissions were 1.321, 1.946, 3.393, and 54 in kg. This significant fuel consumption has caused high exhaust emissions as well. Furthermore, due to inaccuracy issues found in statistical reports, the FUI of longline is remarkably higher when compared to the world FUI for a similar group. Accordingly, this research concludes that the longline vessels operation was fuel inefficient.
Keyword: gas emissions, fuel consumptions, longline, FUI, environment

Judul: Energy Consumption of Tuna, Skipjack, Tuna Frigate Fishing Vessels Operations at Pondokdadap Beach Fishing port
Abstrak: Armada penangkapan TCT di Indonesia masih didominasi dengan ukuran <60 GT, sehingga membutuhkan industrialisasi. Namun, industrialisasi dapat berdampak negatif bagi lingkungan karena identik dengan peningkatan armada yang lebih besar sehingga mengkonsumsi lebih banyak energi. Agar industrialisasi sesuai prinsip sustainability, diperlukan perhitungan konsumsi energi relatif terhadap produksi TCT. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghitung jumlah konsumsi BBM terhadap hasil tangkapan armada handline di PPP Pondokdadap. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling serta accidental sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 32 buah kapal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata nilai FUI kapal handline membutuhkan BBM sebesar 0,66 kg untuk mendaratkan 1 kg ikan dan mengeluarkan biaya BBM sebesar Rp137,55 untuk setiap Rp1.000,00 pendapatan kotor yang diperoleh. Emisi gas buang CO, CO2, PM, NOx, dan SOx per 1 kg ikan berturut-turut sebesar 0,004 kg; 0,002 kg; 0,0002 kg;0,006 kg; dan 0,011 kg. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini selanjutnya dapat dijadikan acuan untuk industrialisasi kapal penangkapan tuna skala kecil., The vast majority of TCT fishing fleet in Indonesia is fishing vessels <60 GT, thus requiring industrialization. However, industrialization can have a negative impact on the environment as it involves larger, thats consuming more energy. In order to keep industrialization in line with the principle of sustainability, it is necessary to calculate the energy consumption relative to TCT production. The purpose of this study is to calculate the amount of fuel consumption against the catch of the handline fleet at PPP Pondokdadap. This study used purposive sampling and accidental sampling methods with a total sample size of 32 vessels. The results of FUI calculation show that handline vessels require 0,66 kg of fuel to land 1 kg of fish and spend Rp137,55 of fuel costs for every Rp1.000,00 of gross revenue earned. Exhaust emissions of CO, CO2, PM, NOx, and SOx per kilogram of landed fish were 0.004 kg; 0.002 kg; 0.0002 kg; 0.006 kg; and 0.011 kg, respectively. The results obtained from this study can then be used as a reference for the industrialization of small-scale tuna fishing vessels.
Keyword: FUI, Gas emission, Handline, Fuel consumption, Fisheries industrialization

Judul: Grup dan Homomorfisma Grup pada Rubik Revenge
Abstrak: Rubik cube is a kind of puzzle game. A player must arrange rubik sides, which have been disordered, back to the position where every side has the same colour. This paper does not focus on the settlement solution, but instead on proving the existence of a group homomorphism between rubik movement group and S96 symmetric permutation group in rubik revenge. Firstly, it has been proved that rubik movement set is a group. Then, it also has been proved that the M set, which contains numeric labels of 1 until 96 in cubinos sides, is S96 symmetric permutation group.
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