Judul: Isolation and Identification of Fungi Found on Sengon Gall Rust Disease
Abstrak: Sengon (Falcataria moluccana Miq.) merupakan tanaman kehutanan yang dalam pengelolaannya mengalami serangan patogen, diantaranya karat tumor. Pengendalian karat tumor menggunakan fungisida terbentur masalah pencemaran lingkungan dan resistensi terhadap fungisida. Karena itu perlu dilakukan pengendalian terpadu, salah satunya dengan mikoparasit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi cendawan yang terdapat pada karat tumor sengon secara morfologi dan molekuler. Terdapat 12 isolat cendawan yang berhasil diisolasi dari isolat karat tumor dengan bercak hitam atau hijau keabuan di permukaannya. Isolat kemudian diidentifikasi secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis untuk melihat morfologi dan struktur cendawan. Identifikasi molekuler dilakukan dengan metode DNA barcode. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan 12 isolat terdiri dari 9 jenis cendawan yaitu Fusarium oxysporum, F. semitectum, F. solani, F. clamydosporum, F. circinatum, F. incarnatum, F. verticilioides, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, dan Pestalotiopsis palmarum. DNA barcoding dapat mengatasi keterbatasan identifikasi morfologi sehingga identifikasi molekuler menjadi sangat mendukung identifikasi morfologi. Kata kunci: DNA barcoding, Falcataria moluccana, karat tumor, mikoparasit, Sengon (Falcataria moluccana Miq.) plantation often severely attacked by diseases, particularly gall rust. Controlling tumor rust using fungicides could pose problems of environmental pollution and resistance to fungicides. Therefore, integrated control is required, one of which using mycoparasites. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify the fungi found on the sengon gall rust morphologically and molecularly. Fungi were isolated from the gall rust samples with black or gray-green patches on the surface, resulting in 12 isolates. The isolates were then identified macroscopically and microscopically to see the morphology and structure of the fungus. DNA barcodes were used identify the fungi species. DNA barcode identification showed 12 isolates consisted of 9 species of fungi, namely Fusarium oxysporum, F. semitectum, F. solani, F. clamydosporum, F. circinatum, F. incarnatum, F. verticilioides, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, and Pestalotiopsis palmarum. DNA barcodes has proven its ability to overcome difficulty in species identification using morphology that it’s utilization is highly recommended. Keywords: DNA barcoding, Falcataria moluccana, gall rust, mycoparasites
Keyword: DNA barcoding, Falcataria moluccana, gall rust, mycoparasites

Judul: Ekspresi Gen Ethylene-Responsive Transcription Factor ERF71 pada Sengon (Falcataria moluccana) Sehat dan Terserang Penyakit Karat Tumor
Abstrak: Adanya epidemi penyakit karat tumor pada sengon yang disebabkan oleh cendawan Uromycladium falcatarium dapat mengancam produktivitas kayu sengon dan berdampak pada industri kehutanan di Indonesia khususnya di pulau Jawa. Upaya pengendalian melalui pendekatan secara biologi molekuler dapat digunakan untuk pengembangan sengon yang tahan terhadap serangan penyakit karat tumor melalui proses pemuliaan pohon yang didasarkan pada informasi gen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membandingkan hasil kuantifikasi tingkat ekspresi gen Ethylene-responsive transcription factor ERF71 pada kambium pohon sengon yang sehat dan terserang penyakit karat tumor dengan menggunakan teknik Real Time PCR. Data dianalisis berdasarkan metode Relative quantification menggunakan persamaan metode 2-ΔΔCT. Ekspresi gen ERF71 pada sampel sengon yang sehat adalah 2,81; 7,50 dan 1,57. Ekspresi gen ERF71 pada sampel sengon yang terserang penyakit karat tumor adalah 3,89; 1,69 dan 1,90. Analisis ekspresi gen ERF71 pada sengon yang sehat dan terserang penyakit karat tumor memiliki tingkat yang bervariasi., The existence of an epidemic of gall rust disease on sengon caused by the fungus Uromycladium falcatarium can threaten the productivity of sengon wood and have an impact on the forestry industry in Indonesia, especially in Java. Control efforts through a molecular biology approach can be used for the development of sengon that is resistant to gall rust through a tree breeding process based on gene information. The purpose of this study was to compare the results of quantification of the expression level of the Ethylene-responsive transcription factor ERF71 gene in the cambium of healthy and infected sengon trees using Real Time PCR technique. Data were analyzed based on the Relative quantification method using the 2-ΔΔCT method. ERF71 gene expression in healthy sengon samples respectively were 2.81; 7.50 and 1.57. The expression of the ERF71 gene in samples of sengon affected by gall rust respectively were 3.89; 1.69 and 1.90. Analysis of ERF71 gene expression in healthy and infected sengon with gall rust disease has varying levels.
Keyword: Falcataria moluccana, ERF71, qPCR, Relative quantification

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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