Judul: Karakteristik Fouling dan polarisasi konsentrasi pada proses recovery protein sebagai bahan flavor dari air sisa pasteurisasi pengolahan rajungan dengan reverse osmosis
Abstrak: Salah satu teknologi alternatif yang hemat energi dan ramah lingkungan adalah teknologi membran. Membran reverse osmosis telah banyak digunakan untuk proses recovery flavor pada apel, lemon dan mangga. Aplikasinya membran memiliki karakteristik dan efektifitas kerja yang berbeda. Membran yang telah dipakai dalam jangka waktu tertentu, efektifitas kerjanya akan semakin berkurang. Hal ini disebabkan oleh adanya akumulasi bahan atau molekul-molekul dari larutan pengumpan (feed) pada permukaan membran dan selanjutnyaakan menyumbat pori. Secara umum tekanan dapat meningkat lagi bahkan sebaliknya akan menurunkan fluks. Hal tersebut terjadi karena proses polarisasi konsentrasi
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Judul: Recovery Protein dari Limbah Air Cucian Mince Fish dengan Reverse Osmosis.
Abstrak: Limbah air cucian mince fish mengandung protein dan beberapa zat telarut lainnya yang berpotensi menyebabkan pencemaran apabila dibuang ke perairan tanpa pengolahan telebih dahulu. Beberapa teknik recovery protein yang umum digunakan yaitu evaporasi, koagulasi, dan sentrifugasi. Tetapi teknik recovery tersebut memiliki kekurangan seperti biaya produksi yang cukup tinggi serta rendemen yang sedikit. Teknologi alternatif yang sedang berkembang saat ini yaitu filtrasi membran. Membran dapat me-recovery protein dengan biaya yang lebih rendah dan menghasilkan rendemen yang lebih besar, karena itu diperlukan sebuah penelitian proses recovery protein dari air limbah cucian mince fish dengan mengaplikasikan teknologi filtrasi membran untuk menghasilkan konsentrat protein yang memiliki kadar protein tinggi dan limbah industri yang memenuhi standar baku mutu lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kinerja membran filtrasi RO pada proses recovery protein dari limbah air cucian mince fish.
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Judul: Studies on growth spurt and aging in higher primates
Abstrak: single measurement that best defines the health and nutritional status of children, just as it provides an indirect measurement of the quality of life of an entire population. The pattern of human growth reflects the biocultural evolution of our species. The human pattern of growth and development (ontogeny) appears to differ markedly from patterns of ontogeny in other primate species. Three studies are reported here which deal to the growth and development of human and chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). These three studies allow us to contrast the phenomena of adolescence growth spurt and female elderly bone loss in chimpanzee and human as chimpanzee is the closest species to humans within extant nonhuman primates. In the first, a cross-sectional study of growth of the body size and somatotype of 363 Javanese girls and 299 Javanese boys aged 4 to 20 years from Magelang Regency, Indonesia was described. In the second, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in the growth of chimpanzee second metacarpal bone linear dimensions from individuals aged 0 to 43.6 years were used for comparison. While in the third, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in the growth of chimpanzee body size (body mass and anterior trunk length) and second metacarpal bone mineral content were derived. In measuring the second metacarpal dimensions and mineral content, a total of 568 radiographs of chimpanzee's proximodistal left hands were used. They were taken from 68 females and 49 males aged 0 to 43.62 years old. We applied an image analysis system, Scion Image Release Alpha 4.0.3.2 software for Windows to measure bone linear dimensions and bone mineral content. Humans present complex and sinuous growth curves for both body weight and height. A clear growth spurt could be demonstrated by cross-sectional analysis in our girl subjects at around aged 11.5 years and in our boy subjects at around aged 12.5 years. In longitudinal series, not in cross-sectional, several representative chimpanzees of both sexes showed a pre-adult growth spurt on the body sizes, bone dimensions and bone mineral content. They ranged at age 4.5 to 8.5 years. This underscore the fact that adolescent growth spurt in linear dimension was not a universal feature of anthropoid primate ontogeny. Bone loss is a well established characteristic of human female aging. Based on crosssectional analyses the sequential decline of bone mass in female chimpanzee may be said to be genuine. On the other hand, we found in adulthood through elderly, male chimpanzees show a longer plateau than female chimpanzee, that is, bone mineral content is maintained in male.
Keyword: Javanese children, growth spurt, chimpanzee, second metacarpal bone, bone loss, Higher Primates