Judul: Penampilan Reproduksi dan Produksi Kerbau Betina di Kecamatan Sipirok Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan
Abstrak: Ternak kerbau yang ada di Indonesia sebagian besar merupakan kerbau rawa. Sipirok merupakan salah satu kecamatan di kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan, Sumatera Utara yang memiliki populasi kerbau lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja produksi dan reproduksi kerbau betina di Kecamatan Sipirok Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan ternak sebanyak 11 ekor betina. Peubah yang diamati meliputi morfometri, calving interval, sex ratio,persentase kematian, persentase kelahiran, body condition score. Pengukuran morfometri meliputi pengukuran Tinggi Badan (TB), Panjang Badan (PB), Lingkar Dada (LiD), Dalam Dada (DD), Lebar Dada (LD), Tinggi Pinggul (TP), Lebar Pinggul (LP). Penentuan BCS dilakukan dengan metode palpasi ternak. Performa produksi ternak kerbau diperoleh nilai BCS ternak kerbau Desa Silangge sebesar 2,9 ± 0,3, Desa Baringin sebesar 3,4 ± 0,2 dan Desa Muara sebesar 3,3 ± 0,2. Bobot hidup tertinggi diperoleh dengan nilai sebesar 444,3 ± 47,8 kg pada ternak kerbau yang dipelihara di Desa Baringin, sebesar 408.6 ± 36.7 kg Desa Muara dan sebesar 338,9±63,4 kg Desa Silangge. Performa reproduksi kerbau betina di Desa Desa Silange, Desa Baringin, dan Desa Muara pada sifat reproduksi umur pertama birahi diperoleh sebesar 26-27 bulan, umur pertama kawin sebesar 29-31 bulan, umur pertama beranak sebesar 42-43 bulan, selang beranak sebesar 15-16 bulan, persentase kelahiran sebesar 0,15%-0,27%, dan persentase kematian sebesar 0,6%- 0,13%. Peningkatan performa produksi kerbau secara langsung meningkatkan performa reproduksi. Produktivitas kerbau rawa di Kecamatan Sipirok cukup baik ditinjau dari aspek pengukuran morfometri., The local buffaloes in Indonesia are mostly a swamp type buffalo. Sipirok is one of the districts in South Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra which has a number of local buffal. The aims of this study to analyze the production and reproduction performance of female buffalo in Sipirok District, South Tapanuli Regency. This study used 11 female buffaloes. The observed variables included morphometry, calving interval, sex ratio, calving rate, calving interval, mortality rate and body condition score. Morphometric measurements include of Height (TB), Body Length (PB), (LiD) Bust Circumference, Inner Chest (DD), Chest (LD), Hip Height (TP), Hip Width (LP). Determination of BCS of buffalo was carried out by palpation method. The performance of buffalo production through body weight estimation was measured by the average BCS, the BCS value of buffalo in Silangge Village is 2,9±0,3, in Baringin Village is 3,4 ±0,2 and Muara Village is 3,3±0,2. The highest body weight of buffalo was obtained with a value of 444,3 ± 47,8 kg which was kept in Baringin Village, 408,6 ± 36,7 kg in Muara Village and 338,9 ± 63,4 kg in Silangge Village. Reproductive performance of female buffalo in Silange Village, Baringin Village, and Muara Village on the reproductive characteristics of the first estrus age range obtained 26-27 months, first mating age range 29-31 months, first calving age range 42-43 months, calving interval age range 15 -16 month, calving rate range 0.15%-0.27%, and mortality percentage range 0.6%-0.13%. Improved buffalo production performance directly improves reproductive performance. The productivity of swamp bufallo in Sipirok District is quite good from the aspect of morphometric measurements.
Keyword: female buffalo, production performance, reproduction, South Tapanuli, District

Judul: Factors Affecting the Reproductive Performance Efficiency of Beef  Cattle in the South Sulawesi Province
Abstrak: Penerapan teknologi inseminasi buatan (IB) terus ditingkatkan terutama di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan sebagai salah satu daerah sentra populasi sapi pedaging di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi efisiensi reproduksi ternak pada program inseminasi buatan di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Data kinerja reproduksi merupakan data sekunder dari iSIKHNAS. Data ditabulasi berdasarkan lokasi (kabupaten), inseminator, bangsa sapi, dan peubah reproduksi yaitu nilai S/C dan persentase (%) kebuntingan. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif, analisis ragam dan korelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sapi bali, peranakan limosin dan peranakan semental masingmasing memiliki skor S/C yaitu 2.24; 2.44; 2.61. Lokasi (kabupaten) yang memiliki efisiensi reproduksi baik, ditunjukkan dengan skor S/C yang lebih baik (P<0.05) adalah Kota Palopo, Kabupaten Barru, Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang, Kabupaten Jeneponto, Kabupaten Luwu Utara, Kabupaten Sinjai, Kabupaten Bantaeng, dan Kabupaten Tana Toraja. % Persentase inseminator berpengaruh nyata (P<0.05) terhadap efisiensi reproduksi, meskipun di kabupaten Tana Toraja memiliki jumlah inseminator kurang baik namun memiliki efisiensi reproduksi yang terbaik. Sebaliknya di Kabupaten Pinrang jumlah inseminator tinggi akan tetapi memiliki efisiensi reproduksi yang rendah (P<0.05). Efisiensi reproduksi secara umum dapat dijelaskan bahwa sangat dipengaruhi oleh lokasi kabupaten dan jumlah inseminator, sedangkan bangsa sapi tidak memengaruhi skor S/C dan % kebuntingan., The application of artificial insemination (AI) technology continues to improve, especially in South Sulawesi, one of Indonesia's beef cattle population centers. This study aims to determine the factors influencing AI implementation in South Sulawesi. Reproduction performance secondary data was obtained from iSIKHNAS. Data were tabulated by district, inseminator, cattle breed, and reproductive variables (S/C value and pregnancy percentage). Data were analyzed using descriptive, variance, and correlation analyses. Bali, Limousin, and Simmental cattle had S/C of 2.24, 2.44, and 2.61, respectively. Different district locations have better S/C (P<0.05), such as Palopo, Barru, Sidenreng Rappang, Jeneponto, North Luwu, Sinjai, Bantaeng, and Tana Toraja. The performance of inseminators had a significant effect (P<0.05). Although with a low number of inseminators, Tana Toraja had the best reproductive efficiency, compared to Soppeng, which has many inseminators but low livestock reproductive efficiency (P<0.05). In conclusion, reproductive efficiency performance is influenced by location (district topography) and inseminator performance, whereas the breed of cattle does not affect S/C values and pregnancy percentage. The results of the correlation analysis showed that S/C has a positive correlation with inseminator performance of 44.3%.
Keyword: artificial insemination, beef cattle reproduction, service per conception, South Sulawes

Judul: Peluang Partikel Plasma Berada Pada Dimensi Debye Akibat Gangguan Gelombang Elektromagnetik dengan Menggunakan Persamaan Schrödinger
Abstrak: The solution of Schrodinger equations with plasma Coulomb potential in spherical coordinat results solution wave function and energy plasma particle. Electron probability density at Debye length with thermal effect same as ion, which indicates plasma in neutral state. Electromagnetic waves perturbation of an electric field given to result wave function perturbation system. The probability density of plasma particle due to electromagnetic waves perturbation is the largest when an electromagnetic waves frequency 1.41 times the plasma frequency .
Keyword: Schrödinger, plasma, electromagnetic wave