Judul: Development of Gambier agroindustry in Lima Puluh Kota Regency, West Sumatra
Abstrak: Gambier is one of some important estate commodities in Indonesia, and Indonesia has been the highest world’s gambier producer since long time ago. Gambier is produced mainly in West Sumatera Province, especially in Lima Puluh Kota Regency and Pesisir Selatan Regency. The main producers of gambier in Lima Puluh Kota Regency are Kapur IX, Pangkalan Kotobaru and Bukit Barisan Sub-districts. Eventhough Indonesia is the most important gambier producer in the world, gambier farmers in the production centers in Indonesia have not obtained maximum benefits from gambier business yet, and gambier agroindustry had not been experiencing significant development for almost two centuries. The aims of this study were to map the gambier agroindustry condition, to identify the needs and potencies for gambier agroindustry development in the future, to obtain the formulation of the development proposed and to estimate the benefits of the improvement proposed. The tools used for this study were the THIO Analysis, the SWOT Analysis, Porter’s Diamond Model, Interpretive Structural Modeling, Analytical Hierarchy Process, transportation cost model and added value concept. The results of study showed that the main problem faced by gambier agroindustry are very limiting market and high dependency to India due to low product quality and weak institution in gambier business. To solve those problems, the first strategic step is establishing catechin and tannin industry supported by institutional strengthening through industrial cluster development. Catechin and tannin industry proposed can be developed by the establishment of fixed plants and the use of mobile gambier processing units. Both fixed plant and mobile unit for catechin and tannin processing were feasible with 135.99 and 527.14 oz of gold NPV, 1.16 and 1.39 B/C ratios, 6.58 and 2.73 year payback periods respectively. At the 1 to 10 % export conversion of raw gambier to catechin and tannin, the added value from catechin and tannin industry development can contribute to the community as 0.9 - 9 IDR billion per annum for the workforces and 9 - 90 IDR billion for the farmers proportional with their share of 1% to 10% in the industry.
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Judul: Analisis Produksi dan Pemasaran Gambir di Kabupaten  Lima Puluh Kota Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Abstrak: Sumatera Barat merupakan daerah sentra produksi gambir. Komoditas ini termasuk tanaman khas daerah tropis dengan manfaat serbaguna. Prospek pasar dan potensi pengembangannya cukup baik karena digunakan sebagai bahan baku dalam berbagai industri. Gambir banyak diusahakan dalam skala usahatani perkebunan rakyat di Sumatera Barat. Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota adalah salah satu daerah sentra produksi gambir di Sumatera Barat. Pengembangan komoditas gambir di Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota khususnya, masih sangat prospektif bila dilihat dari potensi produksi dan pemasaran pada pasar domestik dan ekspor. Prospek yang potensial terhadap permintaan gambir di pasar dalam dan luar negeri, belum dibarengi dengan peningkatan produktivitas maupun pendapatan petani, meskipun sudah ada peningkatan luas areal maupun produksi. Agar produktifitas dapat ditingkatkan dan kualitas mutu olahan dapat diperbaiki yang memungkinkan akses ke pasar menjadi lebih baik, maka perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai aspek produksi dan pemasaran gambir.
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Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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