Judul: Control model of oil pollution in Rupat Strait of Riau
Abstrak: Rupat Strait is a small strait in the Strait of Malacca that lies between the coastal of Dumai City and Rupat island in Riau province. Rupat Strait has an important role in ecological because it has various types of mangrove for fish live and spawn, and also protect the coast from wind waves. Conversely, Rupat Strait also have an economic role as a strategic transportation routes that support the economy of Dumai. Oil industry in Dumai can processing raw oil into fuels with capacity of 170 000 barrels per day. Various economic activities were causing the Rupat Strait vulnerable to oil pollution. Oil pollution in sea waters was a complex problem that the solution must be done holistically using dynamical system analysis with software Stella 9:02. Oil response was observed at three sites that representing different levels of sensitivity in the waters of the Rupat Strait i.e. Lubuk Gaung Waters (very sensitive), Ketam Island Waters (sensitive) and Pelintung Waters (less sensitive). The calculation of pollution level based on the dissolved oxygen concentration and BOD5. Ketam Island, Lubuk Gaung and Pelintung included to light polluted criteria. Lubuk Gaung region showed a fairly dangerous response to oil pollution than other regions, because it was very sensitive to oil pollution. Instruments of technology (oilboom and dispersant) and regulation (legislation), either jointly (combination) or partially were needed to control the environmental impacts. Oil pollution control in the scenario III that using combination instruments (technology and regulation) was more effective than scenario I and scenario II usage of regulation and technology partially. The combination of technology and regulation can controlling the oil pollution in the area of Lubuk Gaung that secure to oil pollution. Secure status to oil pollution can increase the catch of fishermen in the Rupat Strait.
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Judul: Distribution model of oil spills along the cruise lane of Kepulauan Seribu, DKI Jakarta
Abstrak: Tanker traffic and oil exploration as well as production activities in offshore areas have been made the Indonesian waters prone to oil spills. As we know that Kepulauan Seribu has multi-functional area such as aquaculture, marine transportation, marine tourism, marine protected areas and international cruise lines, especially tankers. Tankers often cause oil spill in the waters of Kepulauan Seribu. It is able to reduce the environmental condition, cause the impact and economic losses. For that reason it is necessary to increase our knowledge in order to predict the distribution and fate of oil spills. The aims of this study to build a 2D hydrodynamics model to see the patterns of water mass movement of Kepulauan Seribu even on the west monsoon and east of monsoon. The models of oil spills distribution based on the hydrodynamic models can be used as a tool to prevent in Kepulauan Seribu. To control oil spills at sea will be more effective when distribution we have a model of oil spills. The results of this model show that the area exposed to and the duration of exposure by the oil spill occurred in Kepulauan Seribu.Data input used in the model consist of water depth data (bathymetry), wind speed and direction, tidal data, data of the Islands cruise lines, data of tankers types and tanker transport capacity through the territorial waters of Kepulauan Seribu, currents data, and the oil fractions data..The impact of the distribution of oil occurred in the west season almost reaching marine protected areas in the north of the island of Tidung Besar within 15 hours with the distance from the source of the spill of about 10 km and thickness of oil layer is less than 45 mm with duration of exposure between 18-23 hours.Crude oil has the highest duration of exposure reached 326 hours for west monsoon season and 159 hours on the east while gasoline has a very short exposure time of about 70 hours.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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