Judul: Combination of Planting Media and Explant Treatment in In Vitro Tissue Culture of Aren (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr.) Seeds
Abstrak: Kultur jaringan dapat digunakan sebagai teknik budidaya tanaman dengan waktu dormansi lama, seperti aren. Namun pertumbuhan eksplan kultur jaringan juga dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, salah satunya kontaminasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan mendeskripsikan keberhasilan serta pertumbuhan eksplan pada kultur jaringan aren (Arenga pinnata). Biji aren disterilisasi di luar Laminar Air Flow dan di dalam Laminar Air Flow lalu dibagi ke dalam 12 kombinasi perlakuan media dan eksplan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kontaminasi eksplan dominan disebabkan oleh cendawan eksternal pada kulit biji eksplan. Browning terjadi pada eksplan embrio di dalam media MS, BAP2, glisin, pepton, dan myo-inositol yang mengalami proses pertumbuhan kalus. Eksplan steril hingga akhir pengamatan merupakan eksplan embrio pada ketiga jenis media tanam yang digunakan. Pertumbuhan eksplan tertinggi pada media MS 0 dan media kombinasi MS, BAP 2, Myo-inositol, Glisin, dan Pepton dengan jenis ekplan biji dikupas lalu direndam larutan giberelin., Tissue culture is a technique that can be used to cultivate plants that have a long dormant period, such as the sugar palm. However, contamination is one element that affects the growth of tissue culture explants. The purpose of this research is to determine and report the success and growth of sugar palm explants in tissue culture (Arenga pinnata). palm seeds were sterilized outside the laminar air flow and inside the laminar air flow then separated into 12 different medium and explant treatment combinations. The results showed that the dominant explant contamination was caused by external fungi on the explant seed coat. Browning was observed in embryo explants grown on MS, BAP2, glycine, peptone, and myo-inositol medium during the callus formation process. Sterile explants until the end of the observation were embryo explants on the three types of growing media used. Explants grew the fastest on MS 0 media and a mixture of MS, BAP 2, Myo-inositol, Glycine, and Peptone media with peeled seed explants immersed in gibberellin solution.
Keyword: aren, kontaminasi, sterilisasi, sugar palm, contamination, sterilization

Judul: Zygotic Embryo Growth of Arenga (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr.) Cikadu Accession on MS and Euwens Media with Auxin 2,4 D
Abstrak: Tanaman aren merupakan tanaman dari kelompok palmae dengan nama latin Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr.. Penyediaan bibit aren secara konvensional sangat sulit dilakukan sebab adanya dormansi pada testa benih sehingga kultur jaringan menjadi solusi dalam mengatasi kendala penyediaan bibit unggul dalam peningkatan produktivitas aren. Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan jenis media dan zat pengatur tumbuh 2,4 D yang dapat menghasilkan pertumbuhan terbaik pada embrio zigotik aren secara in vitro. Sumber eksplan yang digunakan yaitu embrio zigotik dari eksplan yang telah ditanam pada media pra perlakuan. Penelitian ini disusun dalam Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak faktorial dengan dua faktor yaitu faktor pertama jenis media dasar yaitu MS (M1) dan Euwens (M2) dan faktor kedua yaitu konsentrasi 2,4 D terdiri atas 6 taraf yaitu 100 µM (T1), 120 µM (T2), 150 µM (T3), 175 µM (T4), picloram 100 µM (T5) dan 0 µM (T6). Terdapat 12 kombinasi perlakuan pada percobaan embrio berkecambah dan embrio belum berkecambah. Uji tetrazolium dilakukan untuk menganalisis kondisi embrio pada eksplan setelah dikulturkan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa kultur embrio zigotik berkecambah belum diperoleh pertambahan jumlah akar, daun, maupun tunas. Kultur embrio zigotik selama 16 MSP secara visual menunjukkan persentase total eksplan hidup 97,65%, eksplan aseptik 75%, eksplan terkontaminasi sebesar 25% dan eksplan mati sebesar 2,34%. Persentase eksplan membentuk kalus maupun embrio zigotik sekunder sebesar 0%. Pengujian tetrazolium menunjukkan jumlah seluruh embrio yang masih hidup (kelas 1,2 dan 3) sebanyak 88,89%, dan terdapat 11,11% embrio mati (kelas 4). Media MS dan Euwens dengan penambahan 2.4 D tidak menunjukkan adanya pertumbuhan kalus dan tidak dapat membentuk embrio zigotik sekunder., The sugar palm plant is a plant from the palmae group with a Latin name Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr. Conventional supply of sugar palm seeds is very difficult because of the dormancy of the seed testa so that tissue culture is a solution in overcoming the problem of providing superior seeds in increasing sugar palm productivity. The aim of this study was to obtain the type of media and growth regulators 2,4 D which could produce the best growth in sugar palm zygotic embryos in vitro. The source of explants used was zygotic embryos from explants that had been planted on pre-treated media. This study was arranged in a factorial randomized complete block design with two factors: the first factor was the basic media type, namely MS (M1) and Euwens (M2) and the second factor was the concentration of 2.4 D consisting of 6 levels, namely 100 µM (T1), 120 µM (T2), 150 µM (T3), 175 µM (T4), and picloram with a concentration of 100 µM (T5) and 0 µM (T6). There were 12 treatment combinations in the embryo germination experiment and the zygotic embryo had not germinated. The tetrazolium test was performed to analyze the condition of the embryos on the explants after being cultured. The experimental results showed that the culture of germinating zygotic embryos had not resulted in an increase in the number of roots, leaves, or shoots. The zygotic embryo culture for 16 MSP (Week After Treatment) visually showed the total percentage of live explants 97.65%, 75% aseptic explants, 25% contaminated explants and
Keyword: aseptic explants, embryos aren, euwens and blake, secondary zygotic embryos, tetrazolium test

Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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