Judul: Thelaziosis pada Ternak Sapi Potong Peternakan Rakyat di Kabupaten Kupang
Abstrak: Thelaziosis adalah kecacingan pada mata yang disebabkan oleh nematoda. Siklus hidup cacing ini memerlukan inang antara lalat dari famili Muscidae. Kabupaten Kupang merupakan daerah yang memiliki potensi peternakan sapi potong yang cukup besar. Umumnya sapi potong di Kabupaten Kupang dipelihara secara tradisional dengan cara digembalakan di padang penggembalaan. Metode pemeliharaan ini memiliki risiko terinfeksi oleh berbagai penyakit diantaranya thelaziosis. Informasi thelaziosis di Kabupaten Kupang sangat minim. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui spesies Thelazia, tingkat prevalensi, derajat infeksi, gejala klinis dan faktor risiko terkait kejadian thelaziosis. Survei thelaziosis di Kabupaten Kupang dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode cross-sectional. Sebanyak 385 ekor sapi diambil sebagai sampel dari 96 peternakan yang dipilih secara acak dari tiga kecamatan dari Kabupaten Kupang. sampel sapi diamati gejala klinis akibat thelaziosis dan cacing yang terdapat pada mata sapi dikoleksi menggunakan pinset setelah di berikan cairan anestesi lokal (10% Xylocaine). Informasi tentang umur ternak, sumber daya manusia dan manajemen peternakan yang berpotensi sebagai faktor risiko thelaziosis diperoleh melalui wawancara menggunakan metode kuesioner. Pengaruh berbagai faktor risiko terhadap nilai prevalensi thelaziosis dianalisis menggunakan chi-square, sedangkan untuk mengetahui besarnya pengaruh setiap faktor risiko dianalisis menggunakan regresi logistik. Sebanyak 357 cacing (157 jantan dan 210 betina) yang dikoleksi dari 23 ekor sapi yang terinfeksi, dengan rataan jumlah cacing sebanyak 32.92 ± 21.03 ekor. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan morfometrik, cacing yang ditemukan diidentifikasi sebagai spesies Thelazia rhodesii. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi thelaziosis rhodesii 5.97 % (23/385), sebanyak 22 ekor sapi yang terinfeksi menunjukkan gejala klinis yaitu lakrimasi yang berlebihan dan konjungtivitis yang mengarah ke keratokonjungtivitis, sementara satu ekor sapi menunjukkan ulserasi. Hasil analisis terhadap faktor risiko infeksi menunjukkan bahwa sapi yang berumur >6-12 bulan dan >12 bulan memiliki prevalensi lebih tinggi dari sapi yang berumur 0-6 bulan (P<0.05). Faktor risiko infeksi yang bersumber dari manajemen peternakan yang mempengaruhi prevalensi thelaziosis pada sapi adalah pengobatan terhadap cacing, manajemen penggembalaan, pembersihan kandang dan pengelolaan feses. Pengobatan menggunakan anthelmintik setahun sekali memiliki risiko terinfeksi Thelazia spp 19.06 (P<0.05) kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan pengobatan menggunakan anthelmintik dua kali setahun. Pembersihan kandang secara teratur sebulan sekali memiliki risiko terhadap infeksi T.rhodesii 124.08 (P<0.05) kali lebih tinggi dari yang dibersihkan setiap hari. Lokasi penggembalan di padang rumput memiliki risiko terinfeksi Thelazia spp 19.3 (P<0.05) lebih tinggi dibandingkan di sawah
Keyword: Thelazia rhodesii, sapi, prevalensi, derajat infeksi, faktor risiko

Judul: Bovine Thelaziosis in Kupang District Livestock
Abstrak: Thelaziosis is eyeworm disease caused by nematodes. The life cycle of this worm requires the host intermediate flies of the family Muscidae. Kupang district is an area that has the potential of beef cattle farms large enough. Generally, beef cattle in Kupang district has traditionally maintained by means of grazing on pasture. This maintenance method has the risk of becoming infected by various diseases including thelaziosis. Information of thelaziosis in Indonesia is very minimal including in Kupang district. This study was conducted to identify species of Thelazia, determine the prevalence, the intensity infection, clinical sign and to investigate associated risk factors of thelaziosis. Survey thelaziosis in Kupang district were carried out using Cross-sectional study. A total of 385 cattles were randomly selected from 96 farms in three subdistrict of Kupang District and observed to thelaziosis. The nematode present in the eye of cattle were collected with a forcep after administrating of local anesthesia (10% Xylocaine). The potential risk factors regarding to age of cattle, human resources and farm management were obtained by interviewing the farmers. The influence of various risk factors to the prevalence of thelaziosis were analized using chi-square, while logistic regression was applied to analyze related risk factor of thelaziosis. Total of 357 worms (157 males and 210 female) were collected from 23 infected cattles with the mean number of worms in infected cattle was 32.92 ± 21.03. Observation using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) on morphology characteristic showed that nematode species founded were identified as Thelazia rhodesii. The result showed that of the total 385 cattles observed, 23 (5.96%) were infected by T.rhodesii, of which 22 cattles showed apparent clinical signs namely excessive lacrimation and conjunctivitis that leads to keratoconjunctivitis, while one cattle showed ulceration. The infection was more prevalence in older cattle (>6-12 month old and >12 month old) than calf (0-6 month old) (P<0.05). Significant risk factors of animal husbandry practices affecting the prevalence of thelaziosis in cattle were anthelmintic treatment, grazing management, barn cleaning, and manure management. The regular once a year anthelmintic treatment had 19.06 (P<0.05) times higher risk to Thelazia spp infection than the regular twice a year treatment. Regular cleaning of barn, once a month had 124.08 (P<0.05)times higher risk factors to Thelazia spp infection than everyday and pastoral locations on pasture had 19.3 (P<0.05) higher risk factors than field rice to Thelazia spp infection. Our results highlight that significancy risk factors for the occurrence of the disease should be considered in designing control programs of thelaziosis.
Keyword: Thelazia rhodesii, cattles, prevalence, worm burden, risk factors

Judul: Solusi Problem Gaussian Pairing Dalam Basis Osilator Harmonik Menggunakan Teori Perturbasi Dan Metode Numerik
Abstrak: This study aims to determine the profile of the energy and the wave function of a harmonic oscillator system under the effect of a Gaussian potential. This function can be used to model such fermions. The solution of this problem can be described by more efficiently using a perturbation theory based on the harmonic oscillator. The first four levels of energy and the wave function has been described using the analytical method and Numerical Methods . These results are displayed in graphical form . Wave function is shown in graphic form relation between the wave function and atomic distance, whereas energy shown in the form of relation between energy and the pairing constant g. From the graph shows that the ground state and the first excitation energy of the system will decrease with increasing pairing constant g, whereas for the higher excitation energy of the system increases with increasing pairing constant g. This is because when the system is in the ground state and the first excitation, the system tends to be localized in one place, whereas at higher excitation , the system will often be not only in one place, but some places are indicated by the peaks of density of system . Energy system obtained from the analytical and numerical methods haven’t significant. This is mean that to analize a higher excitation state can use numerical methods such as Numerov Method and Shooting Method to be more efficient
Keyword: Shooting Method, Harmonic Oscillator, Numerov Method, Gaussian Pairing