Judul: The Influence of Education, Unemployment, Income Inequality, and Poverty on Crime in Indonesia (Year Period 2015-2019)
Abstrak: Pengaruh Pendidikan, Pengangguran, Ketimpangan Pendapatan, serta Kemiskinan Terhadap Kriminalitas di Indonesia (Periode Tahun 2015-2019). Dibimbing oleh MUHAMMAD FINDI. Kriminalitas merupakan salah satu permasalahan yang yang berkaitan dengan perlindungan keamanan dan kenyamanan seseorang. Angka kejahatan Indonesia 2015-2017 mengalami penurunan namun masih perlu untuk terus ditekan agar masyarakat dapat dengan aman dan nyaman melakukan kegiatan termasuk kegiatan-kegiatan ekonomi. Selain itu kerugian yang diakibatkan oleh kejadian kriminalitas yang terjadi tidak hanya dirasakan oleh korban, namun juga pelaku dan pemerintah. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengatahui pengaruh faktor pendidikan, pengangguran, ketimpangan pendapatan, serta kemiskinan terhadap kriminalitas di Indonesia pada tahun 2015-2019. Pada penelitian ini metode yang digunakan adalah analisis data panel dengan data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder. Data diperoleh dari Badan Pusat Statistik Republik Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini adalah variabel pendidikan dan pengangguran berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap kriminalitas. Variabel ketimpangan pendapatan dan kemiskinan berpengaruh posiftif signifikan terhadap kriminalitas di Indonesia. Kata kunci: kriminalitas, pendidikan, pengangguran, ketimpangan pendapatan, kemiskinan., The Influence of Education, Unemployment, Income Inequality, and Poverty on Crime in Indonesia (Year Period 2015-2019). Supervised by MUHAMMAD FINDI. Crime is one of the problems related to the protection of a person's security and comfort. Indonesia's 2015-2017 crime rate has decreased but is still needs to be suppressed so that people can safely and comfortably carry out activities including economic activities. In addition, the losses caused by criminal activity that occur are not only felt by the victims, but also the perpetrators and the government. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the impact of education, unemployment, income inequality, and poverty on crime in Indonesia in 2015-2019. In this study, the method used is panel data analysis with secondary data used. Data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency of the Republic of Indonesia (BPS Indonesia). The results of this research are the variables of education and unemployment have a significant negative effect on crime. The variables of income inequality and poverty have a significant positive effect on crime in Indonesia. Keywords: crime, education, unemployment, income inequality, poverty.
Keyword: crime, education, unemployment, income inequality, poverty

Judul: The Influence of Social Assistance on  Poverty in Indonesia (2015-2019 Year Period), The Influence of Social Assistance on Poverty in Indonesia (2015-2019 Year Period)
Abstrak: Salah satu tujuan negara Indonesia adalah memajukan kesejahteraan umum. Kesejahteraan umum masyarakat dapat diukur dengan angka kemiskinan. Jumlah penduduk miskin di Indonesia sebagian besar berasal dari pedesaan dimana pengeluaran penduduk miskin di pedesaan terus meningkat. Sedangkan di perkotaan memiliki masalah ketimpangan sedang. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan bantuan dari pemerintah untuk meringankan beban pengeluaran penduduk miskin di pedesaan dan mengurangi ketimpangan di perkotaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis teori, dinamika, kendala, dan pengaruh bantuan sosial terhadap kemiskinan di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan adalah data 23 Provinsi di Indonesia dengan periode tahun 2015-2019. Metode analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu analisis deskriptif dan metode regresi data panel dengan pendekatan Fixed Effect Model (FEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah penerima bantuan jaminan kesehatan nasional (PBI-JKN) memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kemiskinan di Indonesia. Faktor lain yang signifikan memengaruhi kemiskinan di Indonesia adalah rasio gini dan tingkat pengangguran terbuka. Namun, pengeluaran bantuan sosial dan PDRB tidak signifikan memengaruhi kemiskinan di Indonesia. Kata Kunci: Bantuan sosial, data panel, fixed effect model, kemiskinan, PBI-JKN, The Influence of Social Assistance on Poverty in Indonesia (2015-2019 Year Period). Supervised by MUHAMMAD FINDI. One of the goals of the Indonesian state is to promote public welfare. The general welfare of the community can be measured by the poverty rate. The number of poor people in Indonesia mostly comes from rural areas where the expenditure of the poor in rural areas continues to increase. Meanwhile, urban areas have a moderate inequality problem. Therefore, assistance from the government is needed to ease the expenditure burden of the rural poor and reduce inequality in urban areas. This study aims to analyze the theory, dynamics, constraints and effects of social assistance on poverty in Indonesia. The data used is data from 23 provinces in Indonesia with the period 2015-2019. The analysis method used in this research is descriptive analysis and panel data regression method with the Fixed Effect Model (FEM). The results showed that the number of recipients of national health insurance (PBI-JKN) had a negative and significant effect on poverty in Indonesia. Other factors that significantly influence poverty in Indonesia are the gini ratio and the open unemployment rate. However, spending on social assistance and PDRB does not significantly affect poverty in Indonesia. Keywords: Social assistance, panel data, fixed effect model, poverty, PBI-JKN
Keyword: Social assistance, panel data, fixed effect model, poverty, PBI-JKN

Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell