Judul: The Influence Of Immersion Four Species Of Leaves To The Development Of Culex Quinquefasciatus Larvae
Abstrak: Mosquitoes are insects which are harmful to humans as vectors of various diseases. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of aquatic media containing plant leaves against the emergence and development of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito larvae. Four species of leaves (kaffir lime, fragrant pandan, betel, vinca rosea) were used in this research. Several pieces of fresh leaves (10 g) or the dried ones were added into a pail filled with 2 litres of clean water or contaminated water containing faeces of goats. The pails were opened for 24 hours and closed by plastic screen afterward. Treatments were repeated three times. The numbers of emerging larvae in the water were counted and their development was followed until become adult mosquitos. In the media with contaminated water, the immersion of various leaves showed lower average in the emergence of larvae than in the media containing clean water. In average, the lowest emergence (<10 individual) was found in water contaminated media containing the fresh kaffir lime, fresh betel, dried fragrant pandan leaves and in clean water media containing fresh betel, dried kaffir lime leaves. Most of the larvae and pupae failed to become imago. Whereas larvae and pupae that managed to be imago required a longer time in its development.
Keyword: bioactive compound, breeding place, food stock, larvae

Judul: Efektivitas ekstrak daun tapak dara (Catharanthus roseus) sebagai larvasida nyamuk culex quinquefasciatus
Abstrak: Mosquitoes are blood-sucking insects related to human disease because its role as a biological vectors. The control of mosquitoe’s that using a synthetic substance leads to resistance and toxic to human and animals. This research was conducted to measured the activity and effectivity of tapak dara (Catharanthus roseus) leaves extract to the mosquitoe’s larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus mortality. The research was conducted in February - August 2013. This research were carried out in two steps, i.e. the extraction of tapak dara leaves and the phytochemical test; and the effication test of the extract against the larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus. The result showed that the mortality of Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae with concentration 2000 ppm after 24 hours exposured was 47%. The increasing of leaves extract concentration and the duration of the exposured were followed by the increasing of the larvae mortality rate. The LC50 value of Cx. quinquefaciatus was 3469 ppm. Based on the LC50 value tapak dara leaves extract was not effective against the larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus.
Keyword: Catharanthus roseus, Culex quinquefasciatus, larvicide

Judul: Pemberian Kompensasi Di Pd. Kerta Karkim, Bandung
Abstrak: PD Kerta Karkim merupakan Badan Usaha Milik Daerah (BUMD), yang bergerak dalam bidang industri barang jadi karet. Hasil produksinya banyak digunakan oleh beberapa BUMN antara lain: Perumka, PT Inka, PT PAL, Pusri, PIM, Pupuk Kujang, TNI AL serta perusahaan swasta lainnya. Aset yang dikelola perusahaan pada akhir tahun 1995 tercatat sebesar Rp. 31.770.915.000,- yang menghasilkan laba bersih sebesar Rp. 54.204.608,81. Dalam menjalankan aktivitasnya perusahaan melibatkan 201 orang karyawan (posisi September 1996) termasuk 2 (dua) orang Direksi, 7(tujuh) orang setingkat Kepala Biro, 14 (empat belas) orang setingkat Kepala Bagian, 15 Orang tenaga setingkat kepala seksi serta 163 karyawan lainnya. Jika dipisahkan berdasarkan proses produksi, maka terdapat 47 orang karyawan administrasi serta 154 orang karyawan di pabrik. Pemberian Kompensasi di PD Kerta Karkim untuk ukuran Perusahaan Daerah cukup baik apabila dibandingkan dengan perusahaan swasta nasional sejenis, selain gaji pokoknya lebih besar masih ditambah dengan tunjangan lain-lain. PD Kerta Karkim telah menggunakan sistem penggajian yang maju, dimana struktur penggajian atas dasar penggolongan gaji, serta telah menggunakan matrik sebagai skala gaji pokok dan melakukan penyesuaian dengan ketentuan Pemerintah yaitu skala gaji pokok terendah. sebesar upah minimum regional (UMR) sebesar Rp. 156.000,- Masalah yang diidentifikasi adalah belum tercapainya kepuasan sebagian besar karyawan terhadap pemberian kompensasi, terutama ditinjau dari kebutuhan hidup karyawan. Gaji yang dibawa pulang (take home pay) oleh karyawan saat ini Rp. 200.848 tidak termasuk potongan pengambilan koperasi bila dibandingkan dengan penetapan standar kebutuhan hidup minimal yang di keluarkan oleh Depnaker Kodya Bandung sebesar Rp. 213.685 per periode Juni 1996 belum mencukupi, sehingga karyawan belum mampu menyisihkan pendapatannya untuk menabung. Pemberian insentif tidak ada hubungannya dengan prestasi kerja dan dari pelampauan target yang ditetapkan, tetapi merupakan tambahan uang lembur yang diberi sanksi cukup berat. ...
Keyword: kompensasi, skala gaji, BUMD