Judul: Genetic Observation of the External Body of Local Breed Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in Various Districts
Abstrak: Ayam kampung (Gallus gallus domesticus) merupakan ayam asli Indonesia yang pada saat ini telah tercemar dengan gen ayam ras unggul Eropa terutama ayam yang dipelihara secara ekstensif tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghitung keaslian ayam kampung di berbagai wilayah kecamatan di Kabupaten Kulon Progo dan Kabupaten Bogor. Karakteristik genetik eksternal yang diamati adalah warna bulu, pola bulu, corak bulu, kilau bulu, warna shank, dan bentuk jengger. Karakteristik tersebut dianalisis menggunakan analisis frekuensi gen dominan dan resesif otosomal, analisis frekuensi gen alel ganda, analisis frekuensi gen dominan dan resesif tertaut seks, analisis frekuensi kandungan gen ayam kampung asli Indonesia, dan analisis frekuensi gen asli. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ayam kampung di Kecamatan Galur, Kecamatan Panjatan, Kecamatan Megamendung, dan Kecamatan Cibungbulang memiliki tingkat keaslian kurang dari 50%. Ayam kampung di Kecamatan Cibungbulang memiliki tingkat keaslian paling rendah, sedangkan ayam kampung di Kecamatan Panjatan memiliki tingkat keaslian paling tinggi pada penelitian ini., Kampong chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) is an indigenous Indonesian chicken that is currently contaminated with genes of European superior breeds of chickens, especially chickens that are reared extensively traditionally. This study aims to quantify the authenticity of native chickens in various districts in Kulon Progo Regency and Bogor Regency. The external genetic characteristics observed were feather color, feather pattern, feather pattern, feather luster, shank color, and cockscomb shape. These characteristics were analyzed using autosomal dominant and recessive gene frequency analysis, double allele gene frequency analysis, sex-linked dominant and recessive gene frequency analysis, gene content frequency analysis of Indonesian native chickens, and native gene frequency analysis. The results showed that native chickens in Galur Subdistrict, Panjatan Subdistrict, Megamendung Subdistrict, and Cibungbulang Subdistrict had an authenticity level of less than 50%. The native chicken in Cibungbulang subdistrict has the lowest level of authenticity, while the native chicken in Panjatan subdistrict has the highest level of authenticity in this study.
Keyword: Ayam kampung, keragaman, frekuensi gen, kualitatif

Judul: Keaslian dan Variabilitas Karakteristik Eksternal Ayam Kampung di Daerah Jawa
Abstrak: This research collect basic data on the exsternal genetic characteristic of Kampung chickens includes feather color, feather pattern, feather feature, feather shine, shank color and comb shape. The aim of the research is to identify the of introgression of imported breed (Rhode Island Red, White Leghorn and Barred Plymouth Rock) and to identify the genetic variability of Kampung chickens. This research was done in December 2011 to January 2012 at the Tanjung village Manggu Sindangras, Imbanagara, Ciamis, West Java village Dampyak, East Majasem, Tegal, Central Java and in the village Talun Duren, Blitar, East Java. The material were 329 adult Kampung chickens consists of 105 males and 224 females. Calculation of gene frequencies, superior chicken introgressed rate abroad, the gene content of the original and the original gene frequencies are used to determine the authenticity of the Kampung chicken genes were observed based on external characteristics. Gene frequency of colored feathers and pea comb, form were founding high value, indicated that the authenticity of chicken Kampung populations in Ciamis, Tegal, and Blitar still maintained. Kampung chicken in Ciamis, Tegal and Blitar had a level of authenticity which are 50%, 40%, and 63%. The intensive selection is be carried out regarding the high diversity of Kampung chickens in Ciamis, Tegal, and Blitar.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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