Judul: The Evaluation of Utilization of Sheep Rumen Liquor Enzyme for Hydrolisis of Crude Fiber Content in Coconut Meal and its Apparent Digestibility for Red Tilapia Oreochromis sp.
Abstrak: in coconut cake meal (CCM) by sheep rumen liquor enzymes, and apparent digestibility of hydrolyzed CCM for the diet of red tilapia (Oreochromis sp). In Experiment I, the sheep rumen liquor enzymes were added into the CCM at concentration of either 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, or 125 ml/kg of CCM, and incubated for the period of 0, 12, and 24 hours, respectively. In order to evaluate the apparent digestibility, in Experiment II, CCM and hydrolyzed CCM were fed on tilapia for 2 weeks. The result showed that sheep rumen liquor enzymes could effectively reduced the fiber content of CCM, while its glucose concentration increased. It was found that the application of sheep rumen liquor enzymes at a dose of 125 ml in 1 kg CCM at a period of 24 hours was the most effective treatment to reduce the crude fiber content in CCM. The crude fiber content in this treatment decreased from 13.76% to 6.98 %, thereby the apparent digestibility in red tilapia increased from 45.71% to 60.64%.
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Judul: Improve nutrition quality of leucaena leaf meal with addition of sheep rumen liquor enzyme for nila tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) feed
Abstrak: The aims of this experiment were; (1) to evaluate hydrolyze enzyme activity in exctract rumen liquor of sheep fed forage, (2) to improve the nutrient quality of leucaena leaf meal (LLM) by addition with sheep rumen liquor enzyme; (3) to evaluate the suitability of hydrolized LLM as alternative protein source for Nile tilapia. The first stage of experiment showed that the activity of enzyme hydrolyze in rumen fluid of sheep with forage feeding had the largest cellulase activity than amylase, protease, lipase and phytase activity. The second stage was designed in completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 3 replications with different level enzyme addition (0; 20; 40; 60; 80; and 100 ml/kg LLM) and incubated in 2 and 24 hours.. Results of the first experiment showed that nutrient quality of LLM with addition of sheep rumen liquor enzyme 100 ml/kg LLM, within incubated 24 hours have the best result than that of incubated 2 hours.The enzymes significantly (P<0.05) increased soluble glucose (2127,45%) soluble protein (3538,23%), decreased crude fiber (53,640%) and phytic acid (68,088%); but the enzyme did not affect crude lipid and crude protein content. The third stage experiments was conducted with two experimental diet. The first one contained hydrolyzed LLM at level 10% 15% 20% 25% and 30% ( Group I; Diet A, B, C, D and E respectively) and one diet acting as a control (Diet K, 0% LLM), the second experiments contained non-hydrolized LLM at the same level as the first ezperiment ( Group II; Diet F, G, H, I, J). All diets were isoenergy. A seven weeks feeding trial was carried out on triplicate groups of eight fish (9,38 ± 0,41) in aquarium with a recirculating system for group I and II. Fish were fed twice daily at satiation. Results showed that improvement of the quality of hydrolyzed LLM increased daily growth rate, feed efficiency, protein and fat retention. Similarly, the value of Hepato somatic indeks, glycogen content and enzyme activity of protease, amylase and cellulase in fish feeding hydrolyzed LLM were higher than that of non- hydrolyzed LLM. HIS and liver glycogen storage in fish with hydrolyzed LLM in diet increased with the increasing use of hydrolyzed LLM. Histological liver and intestine of tilapia using hydrolyzed LLM in the diet did not show significant differences with those of fish with feed without LLM. It is was concluded that enzymes from rumen liquer capable of increasing the nutritive quality of LLM. Application of hydrolyzed LLM up to 15% in the diet of tilapia show better performance compared with non-hydrolyzed LLM
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Judul: Manajemen Bahaya di Kawasan Wisata Pendakian Gunung Agung, Kabupaten Karangasem, Bali.
Abstrak: Gunung Agung (3043 mdpl), yang merupakan gunung tertinggi di pulau Bali, merupakan tujuan yang menarik bagi wisatawan lokal dan asing. Banyak umat Hindu dari Bali dan daerah lain mendaki gunung ini dengan tujuan keagamaan. Karakteristik yang beragam di sepanjang jalur pendakian dapat menempatkan pengunjung pada beberapa risiko. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi bahaya yang ada untuk menyusun rekomendasi manajemen bahaya. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada bulan April-Mei 2018 melalui wawancara dan studi pustaka. Metode analisis risiko dari United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) dan National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) digunakan untuk menganalisis potensi bahaya. Potensi bahaya fisik yang teridentifikasi meliputi kelerengan, kabut gunung, angin kencang, suhu rendah, tanah longsor, dan aktivitas vulkanik, sementara pohon mati atau tumbang dan monyet ekor panjang diidentifikasi sebagai potensi bahaya biologi. Potensi bahaya aktivitas manusia muncul dari empat kegiatan yang sering diabaikan oleh pengunjung. Pengunjung harus dilibatkan dalam manajemen bahaya. Kesadaran dan kemampuan mereka untuk mengatasi risiko perlu ditingkatkan sebagai salah satu upaya preventif. Pengelola perlu menyusun skenario evakuasi serta sistem evakuasi dan penyelamatan sebagai tindakan represif.
Keyword: Gunung Agung, manajemen bahaya, keselamatan pengunjung, penilaian risiko