Judul: Pengaruh Paparan Informasi, Kecukupan Diri, dan Kesadaran Hak Konsumen terhadap Kemandirian Konsumen dan Konsumerisme pada Generasi Y.
Abstrak: Konsumen di Indonesia cenderung bersikap pasrah ketika mengalami ketidakpuasan sehingga diperlukannya kemandirian konsumen serta upaya untuk memperjuangkan hak-haknya sebagai konsumen melalui konsumerisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh paparan informasi, kecukupan diri, dan kesadaran hak konsumen terhadap kemandirian konsumen dan konsumerisme pada generasi Y. Desain penelitian menggunakan cross sectional study dengan metode online survei. Responden penelitian adalah Generasi Y dengan jumlah sebanyak 300 orang dipilih secara non probability sampling. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan Strucural Equation Modelling (SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh yang positif signifikan antara kesadaran hak konsumen terhadap kemandirian konsumen, kecukupan diri terhadap kemandirian konsumen, dan kemandirian konsumen terhadap konsumerisme. Sementara itu, paparan informasi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kesadaran hak konsumen dan kecukupan diri terhadap konsumerisme.
Keyword: Kecukupan diri, kemandirian konsumen, kesadaran hak konsumen, konsumerisme, paparan informasi, SEM

Judul: Pengaruh Paparan Informasi, Konformitas dan Kesadaran Hak Konsumen terhadap Kemandirian Konsumen dan Konsumerisme pada Generasi Y
Abstrak: Upaya untuk meningkatkan kesadaran hak konsumen dilakukan melalui gerakan yang terorganisir yang disebut konsumerisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh paparan informasi dan konformitas terhadap kemandirian konsumen dan konsumerisme pada generasi Y. Desain pada penelitian ini adalah menggunakan cross-sectional study dengan survei online pada 300 responden. Sampel penelitian ini adalah konsumen yang berada pada rentang umur 18-36 tahun. Analisis data menggunakan metode statistik deskriptif pada SPSS dan metode SEM dengan program Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan tingkat paparan informasi, konformitas dan konsumerisme tergolong rendah, kesadaran hak konsumen tergolong tinggi serta kemandirian konsumen tergolong sedang. Terdapat pengaruh yang positif signifikan antara kesadaran hak konsumen dengan kemandirian konsumen dan konsumerisme. Sementara itu, paparan informasi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kesadaran hak konsumen, kemandirian konsumen tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap konsumerisme dan konformitas tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kemandirian konsumen.
Keyword: kemandirian konsumen, kesadaran, konformitas, konsumerisme, paparan informasi

Judul: Extracellular Expression of thermostable Geobacillus stearothermophilus T1.2RQ Lipase for Biodiesel Production
Abstrak: The extracellular expression of enzymes in an excellent secretion host such as Bacillus subtilis is a useful strategy for making enzymes of industrial significance more affordable by lowering the cost of its downstream processing. Lipases are a category of hydrolases that catalyze the hydrolysis of triglycerides to glycerol and free fatty acids. Also, lipases catalyze the hydrolysis and transesterification of other esters as well as the synthesis of esters. They can perform very specific biotransformation reactions and are widely used in food, organic synthesis, detergents, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Geobacillus stearothermophilus T1.2RQ lipase is an industrially-desired thermostable lipolytic enzyme with an excellent hydrolytic and transesterification activity. This study aimed to express T1.2RQ lipase, in B. subtilis WB800 and ensure its secretion into the extracellular medium. Three signal peptides (AmyQ, Epr, LipA) and two promoters (Pgrac01 and Pgrac100) were used in the secretory-expression of T1.2RQ lipase, based on five constructed expression vectors constructed by restriction cloning and PCR mutagenesis. Sangers sequencing was used to verify constructs to ensure they are in the correct reading frame. Recombinants vectors, pHT43 (plasmid control), pHT43-T1.2RQ, pHT43- T1.2RQ_AmyQ, pHT43-T1.2RQ_Epr, and pHT43-T1.2RQ_LipA, were transformed by electroporation into Bacillus subtilis WB800. The electroporation was successful with the optimum condition of 2500V, 200 ohms, 25µF, and 5milliseconds. Recombinant B. subtilis pHT43 (negative control) and pHT43-T1.2RQlip + signal peptides were streaked on the lipidic agar, LA+TBN. All four recombinants, including the negative control (B. subtilis WB800-pHT43), produced clear zones on the TBN agar plate after overnight incubation (fig 2), indicating the presence of a lipolytic enzyme in all of the recombinant B. subtilis cells. pHT43-T1.2RQlip + signal peptides (AmyQ, Epr, and LipA) have clear zones with significantly higher diameters than B. subtilis WB800-pHT43 (negative control). This phenomenon suggests that the recombinant thermostable lipase T1.2RQ introduced into these cells was successfully expressed, thereby increasing the lipolytic capability of its host cells T1.2RQ lipase was expressed in 50ml terrific broth medium (TB) and the expression induced with 1mM IPTG. Lipase activity assay using p-nitrophenyl esters showed that all three signal peptides directed the secretion of T1.2RQ lipase into the extracellular medium. Signal peptide, LipA, resulted in the highest extracellular activity of 5.6 U/mL, which corresponds to a 6-fold increase over the parent B. subtilis WB800 strain. Meanwhile, signal peptides, AmyQ and Epr produced 4.2 U/mL and 3.4 U/mL activity respectively. SDS-Zymogram analysis confirmed that T1.2RQ lipase was correctly processed and secreted in its original size of 44 kDa. An attempt to further increase lipase expression level by promoter optimization showed that, contrary to expectation, promoter Pgrac100 exhibited similar expression levels as the original Pgrac01. Nevertheless, the demonstration of the successful secretion of T1.2RQ lipase in this work confirms the latter as a promising approach for the industrial production of the enzyme
Keyword: Bacillus subtilis, Expression, Extracellular, Heterologous, Lipase, Thermostable