Judul: Gene Editing  of Two Cyanide Synthesis-related Genes in Cassava using CRISPR/Cas9
Abstrak: Cassava (Manihot esculenta) contain toxic quantities of cyanogenic glucoside. Reducing the potentially toxic cyanogenic glucoside levels in cassava could be achieved by gene editing through Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats – CRISPR associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9), a high- precision genome editing technique in plants. Two cassava UDP- glucosyltransferase (UGT) paralogs, UGT85K4 and UGT85K5, are the genes catalyzing the synthesis of cyanogenic glucosides in plants. The study aimed to construct the CRISPR/Cas9 recombinant vector carrying single guide RNA (sgRNA) to edit UGT85K4 and UGT85K5 genes, and transform sgRNA CRISPR/Cas9 construct into KU50 cassava calli. Five sgRNAs were designed, considering the on/off target efficiency score and GC content. Those sgRNAs were ligated into pRGEB32 plasmid and introduced to competent Escherichia coli DH5a. The PCR colony and DNA sequencing were performed to verify the sgRNA insert. The amplicons showed the expected band size of recombinant vector (180 bp). Based on sequencing results, only one sgRNA was successfully ligated into the plasmid that will be used to edit the UGT85K5 gene. The sgRNA CRISPR/Cas9 construct in pRGEB32 plasmid was successfully transformed into Agrobacterium tumefaciens and introduced into KU50 cassava calli through co-cultivation. The overgrowth of Agrobacterium occurred after the co-cultivation phase.
Keyword: CRISPR/Cas9, Cyanogenic glucoside, Gene editing, sgRNA

Judul: sgRNA Design for ROC5 Gene Editing with CRISPR/Cas9 and in silico Mutation Prediction in Rice cv. Hawara Bunar
Abstrak: Produktivitas padi (Oryza sativa L.) perlu ditingkatkan salah satunya dengan ekstensifikasi penanaman pada lahan suboptimal. Hawara Bunar merupakan kultivar padi toleran cekaman kekeringan dan tanah masam yang berpotensi ditanam di lahan suboptimal. Untuk mengoptimalkan hasil panen pada kondisi lahan tersebut, diperlukan pemuliaan untuk menghasilkan padi kultivar Hawara Bunar yang menunjukkan penggulungan daun secara moderat ketika tercekam kekeringan melalui pengeditan gen ROC5 menggunakan sistem CRISPR/Cas9. Langkah awal dalam pengeditan gen ini adalah desain sgRNA dan prediksi mutasi yang akan dihasilkan baik pada sekuen gen maupun protein dari ROC5. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendesain sgRNA dengan efisiensi yang tinggi dan memprediksi mutasi secara in silico dalam pengeditan gen ROC5 pada padi kultivar Hawara Bunar menggunakan sistem CRISPR/Cas9. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui analisis in silico. Hasil penelitian ini adalah desain sgRNA untuk pengeditan gen ROC5 padi kultivar Hawara Bunar menggunakan sistem CRIPR/Cas9 yaitu 5’-GGAGGCTCTCCCTCGATGCG-3’ dengan PAM 5’-CGG-3’ dan 5’-CTGAGG CGGAGAACGACAGC-3’ dengan PAM 5’-CGG-3’. Kedua sgRNA tersebut masing-masing diprediksi akan memandu mutasi pada ekson ketiga (posisi genomik ke-27493819) dan kedua (posisi genomik ke-27494141) untuk menyebabkan mutasi delesi 5 pb dan insersi 1 pb dan menghasilkan protein ROC5 mutan yang tidak fungsional. Oligodupleks berdasarkan kedua sgRNA tersebut juga telah didesain., The productivity of rice (Oryza sativa L.) needs to be increased. One of efforts is by extensification of rice cultivation on suboptimal land. Hawara Bunar is a rice cultivar that is tolerant to drought stress and acid soil which has the potential to be cultivated on suboptimal land. To optimize yields in such conditions, it is necessary to develop rice cv. Hawara Bunar that show moderate leaf curling when grown under drought stress through editing the ROC5 gene using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The initial step of this gene editing are the design of sgRNA and prediction of mutations that will be generated in the gene and protein sequences of ROC5 gene. This study aims to design a high efficiency sgRNA for CRISPR/Cas9 based gene editing and predict mutations that will occur in the edited ROC5 gene in rice cv. Hawara Bunar. The research was conducted through in silico analysis. The result of the study was the sgRNA for ROC5 gene editing in rice cv. Hawara Bunar using the CRIPR/Cas9 system has been developed with the sequence of 5'-GGAGGCT CTCCCTCGATGCG-3' with PAM 5'-CGG-3' and 5'-CTGAGGCGGAGAACG ACAGC-3' with PAM 5'-CGG-3'. These two sgRNAs were predicted to guide mutations in the third (at 27493819 genomic position) and second (at 27494141 genomic position) exons of the ROC5 gene to generate a 5 bp deletion and 1 pb insertion, respectively, and produce a non-functional mutant ROC5 protein. Oligoduplex based on both sgRNAs also has been designed.
Keyword: gene editing, leaf rolling, local cultivar, rice productivity, suboptimal land

Judul: Studi Perbandingan Profil Batimetri Perairan Utara Belitung Hasil Deteksi Sistem AKustik Blm Terbagi Simrad EY 500 dengan Profil Batimetri Dishidros TNI-AL
Abstrak: Peta batimetri memberikan informasi tentang kedalaman dan kontur dasar laut Dasar laut bukanlah suatu daratan yang sederhana tetapi memiliki struktur, bentuk dan kenampakan yang sangat beragam. Selain dari itu dasar laut sebagai bagian dari laut ltu sendiri merupakan suatu sistem yang dinamis, setiap saat perubahan·perubahan akan sering terjadi sehingga perbaikan·perbaikan pada peta batimetri perlu sekali dilakukan agar informasi-informasi mengenai dasar suatu perairan bisa diketahui seiring dengan perubahan yang terjadi.
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