Judul: Determining Unit Link Term Life Insurance Net Single Premium Using the Compound Annual Ratchet Method
Abstrak: Asuransi unit link merupakan salah satu bentuk asuransi jiwa modern yang memberikan dua manfaat, yakni manfaat kematian dan manfaat investasi bagi tertanggung. Penghitungan premi dilakukan dengan mengasumsikan instrumen investasi yang digunakan berupa saham serta suku bunga konstan selama periode asuransi. Namun, pada keadaan sesungguhnya, instrumen investasi yang digunakan dapat berupa sebuah portofolio investasi yang terdiri atas berbagai instrumen investasi yang dimiliki oleh perusahaan asuransi serta suku bunga bervariasi. Tujuan karya ilmiah ini adalah menentukan besaran premi tunggal bersih dari asuransi jiwa berjangka unit link menggunakan metode pengindeksan saham compound annual ratchet pada empat skenario berbeda di mana tingkat cap dan tingkat floor divariasikan. Hasil penghitungan memberikan empat nilai premi tunggal bersih untuk masing-masing skenario. Secara keseluruhan, peningkatan tingkat floor dari 0% menjadi 3% memberikan nilai premi tunggal bersih yang lebih tinggi, sedangkan peningkatan tingkat cap dari 9% menjadi 12% memberikan nilai premi tunggal bersih yang lebih tinggi, tetapi kurang signifikan., The unit link insurance is one of the modern forms of life insurance that provides two benefits, namely death benefits and investment benefits for the insured. The calculation of the premiums is based on the assumption that the investment instruments used are equities and constant interest rates during the insurance period. However, in actual circumstances, the investment instrument used may be an investment portfolio consisting of different investments owned by the insurance company as well as varying interest rates. This scientific paper aims to determine the net single premium of life insurance unit link using the indexing method of compound annual ratchet stocks in four scenarios where the cap and floor values vary. The calculation results give net single premium values for each scenario. Overall, an increase in the floor level from 0% to 3% yields a higher net single premium value while an increase in the cap level rate from 9% to 12% gives a higher but less significant net single premium value.
Keyword: asuransi jiwa berjangka, Investasi, compound annual ratchet, premi tunggal bersih, unit link

Judul: Determination of Net Single Premiums  of Joint Life Credit Life Insurance
Abstrak: Asuransi jiwa kredit adalah jenis asuransi berjangka yang melindungi kreditur dan debitur dari risiko gagal bayar. Asuransi jiwa kredit status joint life merupakan produk asuransi dengan dua orang tertanggung. Manfaat asuransi akan diberikan hanya jika terjadi kegagalan pertama. Namun, pada kenyataan sesungguhnya, produk asuransi jiwa kredit yang beredar memberikan manfaat yang lebih kompleks dan memberikan perlindungan bukan hanya jika terjadi kematian. Tujuan dari karya ilmiah ini adalah menerapkan ilmu aktuaria dalam menentukan nilai premi tunggal bersih asuransi jiwa kredit status joint life dan pengaruh usia masuk peserta dan periode pinjaman terhadap premi. Nilai premi tunggal kotor dihitung dengan asumsi loading factor yang digunakan perusahaan adalah 60% dari premi tunggal bersih. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, nilai premi tunggal bersih asuransi jiwa kredit status joint life akan meningkat seiring bertambahnya usia masuk peserta atau debitur. Nilai premi tunggal bersih asuransi jiwa kredit juga mengalami peningkatan saat periode pelunasan utang semakin lama., Credit life insurance is a type of term insurance that protects creditors and debtors from the risk of default. Joint life status of credit life insurance is an insurance product with two insured people. Insurance benefits will be provided only in the event of a first failure. However, in reality, the credit life insurance products in circulation provide more complex benefits and protection not only in the event of death. The aim of this scientific work is to apply actuarial science in determining the net single premium value of credit life insurance with joint life status and the influence of participant entry age and debt repayment period on premiums. The gross single premium value is calculated assuming that the company’s loading factor is 60% of the net single premium. Based on the research results, the net single premium value of credit life insurance with joint life status will increase as the age of the participant or debtor increases. The net single premium value of credit life insurance also increases as the debt repayment period becomes longer.
Keyword: Credit life insurance, gross single premium, joint life status, net single premium

Judul: Drought Stress Tolerance Mechanisms of Eggplant (Solanum spp.): Physiology and Molecular.
Abstrak: Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is a popular and economically important vegetable crop grown in the tropics and subtropics, especially in Asia and Africa. Most of these crops grown in Asia and Africa are tolerant to biotic and abiotic stresses. Eggplant has a wide variation in morphological and physiological characteristics, therefore, it is necessary to explore the germplasm to gain more genotypes tolerant to biotic and abiotic stresses. Sufficient water availability at the first stage of plant growth is very important. Limited water supply may lead to drought stress. The long period of drought stress may disturb the metabolic process and lead the irreversible damage of the plant tissues, so the plant can not recover. This abiotic stress has been significantly proved to be one of factors decreasing the plant growth and productivity. The objective of this research was to reveal physiological and molecular response of six eggplant accessions (i.e. 098, 155, 414, 754, 772, and 827 accessions, and Panjalu-F1 as the control genotype) to drought stress. Plants were grown in medium containing soil, sand and compost (1:1:1, v/v/v) in the greenhouse. Plants were exposed to the drought treatment at 21 days after the plants have 6 fully leaves. Some parameters were examined during the drought treatment, which were media water content (MWC), relative water content (RWC), plant growth and dry weight, proline concentration, chlorophyll content and polyamine concentration. Total RNA was extracted from leaves on day 21st of the treatment. The arginine decarboxylase S. melongena (SmADC) fragment gene was amplified from the cDNA. ADC gene is one of genes involved in polyamine biosynthesis and plays important role in the plant tolerance mechanism to drought stress. The results showed that drought stress significantly reduced plant height, leaf area, stomatal density and aperture in all plants. Levels of chlorophylls were similar during the drought treatment in all plants. Proline and/or polyamines were accumulated and reached the maximum levels after 14 to 21 days after the treatment. High levels of these amines can be used to indicate that the plant is stressed by drought. Levels of proline and polyamines, especially putrescine, increased 10 times higher in the stressed-plants compared to those grown in the optimum condition. cDNA was synthesized from the total RNA by reverse transcription. In total, four fragments of SmADC were obtained by PCR from cDNA of accession 098 (2 fragments), cDNA of accession 772 (1 fragment) and genomic DNA of accession 098 (1 fragment). ADC primers were designed based on the conserved regions in ADC Solanum lycopersicum (accession number HM629957.1). Sequences analysis showed that the four SmADC fragments were 1 442 bp, 1 422 bp, 1 407 bp and 636 bp, encoding 151, 357, 466, 182 amino acids, respectively. Nucleotide alignment analysis showed that four SmADC fragments were 86-93 % homologue to Solanum lycopersicum (Acc: NM_001247720.1), Datura stramonium (Acc: AJ251898.1), Capsicum annuum (Acc: AY156514.1) and Nicotiana tabacum (Acc: AF321137.1). Based on the phylogenetic tree developed from the deduced amino acid sequence of ADC, SmADCs were grouped with Solanum lycopersicum, Datura stramonium, Capsicum annuum and Nicotiana tabacum. Analysis of conserved domains revealed that
Keyword: eggplant, proline, polyamine, arginine decarboxylase (ADC), pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP)