Judul: Validation of moisture content method in seasoning powder using moisture analyzer halogen HB-43S, as alternative of oven and karl fischer method
Abstrak: In seasoning industries, moisture content of the product is one of important parameters to be measured and reported to assure the food product quality. The common analysis method to measure it in the food industry is Loss on drying (LOD) method by oven and Karl Fischer method. The result of LOD method is recognized as moisture content, while the result of Karl Fischer method commonly known as water content. The method that preferably used by PT. Givaudan Indonesia is Loss on drying method. This research aimed to obtain the heating conditions (temperature) in Moisture Analyzer Halogen HB43-S which can make the analysis result of this equipment will close to the result of LOD method using oven UM-400. The data obtained will be tested statistically using Dunnett Test method that compare these with the control. The result revealed that the use of Moisture Analyzer HB43-S at 105oC provided similar result to oven UM-400 method, however the use of oven methods is still more efficient rather than using Moisture Analyzer for the higher number of samples that more than 30. Moisture analyzer efficiently used for the limited samples only. Base on this research result we will use Moisture Analyzer method for handling the urgent request only. Karl Fischer method suitable for derivate sucrose products, it is able to replace oven analysis to measure vanilla flavour. This validation is needed to give information and data that can be used to expedite the approval of products.
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Judul: Validasi Sekunder Metode Analisa Kapang dan Khamir pada Saos
Abstrak: Food are frequentlycontaminated by mold and yeast. The method used for analysis of mold on food in Indonesia set by BSN (Badan Standarisasi Nasional) was using potato dextrose agar (PDA) media. Problems are sometimes occured when using this media due to the spreading of mold colony that suppress other colonies to grow, resulting difficulties to asses morphology as well as enumeration of the mold. Statistifically, the outcome would be less acurate. Another method that could be used for the analysis of mold and yeast are the methods of ISO (International Standart Operation). Rose bengal dichloran chloramphenicol media (DRBC) was found to be a better media for quantative analysis of mold and yeast since it contains dichloran and rose bengal that could prevent the growth of spreading colonies. Laboratory experiments was needed to verify that using of different media can domonstrate the same performance for method enumeration. Secondary validation conducted for verification, if the laboratory using standard methods or adopting validated method. This Research was performed using the method of SNI 01-2897-1992 and ISO (International Standart Operation). Both of that methods were compared to obtained a valid methods. Parameters determined on method validation were accuracy precision, linearity, limit of detection, and limit of quantification. The results showed that all parameters were in accordance with the acceptance criteria of Internationa Standart Operation Method Validation. Accuracy was determined SNI method and ISO method with recovery percentage in range of 84%-109% for SNI and ISO method. The linearity in the concentration of 10; 100; 1000; and 10.000 cfu/gram resulted in correlation coefficent of 0,9979–0,9981. limit of detection in this method was 2cfu/gram and limit of quantification was 4 cfu/gram. For sauce product, the number of colonies grown in both media of DRBC and PDA were not significantly diffrent.
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Judul: Closed Knight’s Tour pada Papan Catur Berbentuk Persegi Panjang dengan Ukuran Maksimal 8 × 8
Abstrak: Closed Knight’s Tour merupakan langkah kuda yang mengunjungi setiap kotak pada papan catur tepat satu kali dengan langkah kuda berawal dan berakhir pada kotak yang sama. Graf yang terbentuk dari closed knight’s tour dinotasikan sebagai graf G(m,n), dengan m adalah banyaknya baris dan n adalah banyaknya kolom. Graf tersebut memuat Hamiltonian cycle. Sebuah graf terhubung G adalah graf bipartite jika dan hanya jika graf tersebut tidak memiliki cycle dengan panjang ganjil. Papan catur yang memenuhi syarat cukup untuk memiliki closed knight’s tour adalah papan catur berukuran 5 × 6, 5 × 8, 6 × 6, 6 × 7, 6 × 8, 7 × 8, dan 8 × 8.
Keyword: bipartite, closed knight’s tour, hamiltonian cycle, knight’s tour, teori graf