Judul: Keanekaragaman dan Distribusi Gastropoda dan Bivalvia (Moluska) di Muara Karang Tirta, Pangandaran
Abstrak: Karang Tirta estuary is an estuarine zone located in Pangandaran, West Java. Substrate of the area was dominated by coarse sand and its salinity ranges from 10-25 ‰. The aim of the reaserch was to know the diversity and distribution of gastropod and bivalve in the estuary of Karang Tirta, Pangandaran and environmental factors affecting them. Samples of molluscs were collected from 3 stations choosen randomly by using quadrat method. Seventeen species were found in the study sties, 12 species belong to gastropod and 5 species of bivalve. The highest Importance Value Index (IVI) among the species was observed on Tellina radiata with 47.449 %. The lowest IVI was observed on four species belong to gastropod and bivalve with 1.949 %. The diversity index (H') ranged from 0.536 to 2.429, the evenness index (E) was from 0.189 to 0.857, and the dominant index (C) was from 0.001 to 0.037. The highest diversity index (H’ = 2.429) was found at station 2 and the lowest (H’ = 0.536) was at station 1. The similarity ranged from 0.235 to 0.522. The distribution patterns of molluscs occured mostly in clumps (Id > 1).
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Judul: Diversity of Molluscs (Bivalve and Gastropod) in Carita Beach, Pandeglang, Banten.
Abstrak: Carita beach is one of a beach ecosystem that has variety of substrates. Substrates were dominated by sand and corral reef flat. There were vegetations such as seagrass and seaweed. The aim of the research was to know species richness and diversity of Bilvave and Gastropod in Carita beach, Pandeglang, Banten. The research was conducted on May 2008. Molluscs sample were collected from 4 stations randomly by using quadrat method. There were 34 species molluscs that had been observed, 3 species belong to Bivalves and 31 species belong to Gastropods. The highest Important Value Index (IVI) of all station was found in Donax cuneatus with 55.21%. The lowest IVI was found in thirteen species of Bivalve and Gastropod with 0.83%. The diversity index (H’) ranged from 0.130 to 2.216, the evenness index (E) was 0.072 to 0.717, and the dominant index (C) was 0.198 to 0.960. The highest diversity index (2.216) was found at station 4 and the lowest (0.130) was at station 1. The similarity index ranged from 0 to 0.744. Key word : diversity, quadrat method, Carita beach
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Judul: Katalis Zink Ferit Tersubstitusi Cu untuk Oksidasi Benzil Alkohol
Abstrak: Katalis berperan dalam menurunkan energi aktivasi. Katalis ZnFe2O4 dan ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu disintesis menggunakan metode kopresipitasi untuk digunakan dalam oksidasi benzil alkohol. Katalis dicirikan dengan spektrofotometer inframerah (FTIR) dan difraktometer sinar-X. Spektrum FTIR menunjukkan puncak serapan dari ikatan Zn-O dan Fe-O masing-masing pada rentang 559‒575 cm-1 dan 419‒447 cm-1. Difraktogram menunjukkan terbentuknya fase tunggal Zn0.6Cu0.4Fe2O4 pada katalis ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu 20%. Benzil alkohol dioksidasi dengan sistem refluks. Konversi benzil alkohol meningkat dengan meningkatnya suhu. Kadar benzaldehida yang dihasilkan dengan katalis ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu 20% lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan katalis ZnFe2O4 yang tidak tersubstitusi dan yang tersubstitusi Cu 60 dan 80%. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa katalis ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu 20% memiliki kinerja yang lebih baik dalam oksidasi benzil alkohol menjadi benzaldehida dengan kadar benzaldehida 8.763%.
Keyword: Benzil alkohol, katalis, oksidasi, ZnFe2O4