Judul: Development of Portable Spectrophotometers and Performance Evaluation of Ponceau 4R Food Colorants Substances
Abstrak: Spektrofotometer dapat dikembangkan dari komponen elektronik yang tersedia secara umum menjadi spektrofotometer portabel. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan spektrofotometer jinjing dan menentukan uji kinerja analitiknya. Spetrofotometer jinjing yang disusun oleh komponen utama yang terdiri dari lampu light emitting diode sebagai sumber cahaya, lapisan optik digital versatile disks sebagai kisi, web camera Logitech c920 sebagai detektor dan akuisisi data melalui perangkat lunak Thereminospectro. Uji kinerja spektro menggunakan larutan standar Ponceau 4R dan dibandingkan dengan spektrofotometer komersial Hitachi Spectro U-2800. Spektrofotometer jinjing dengan ukuran optimum menghasilkan spektrum larutan standar yang sebanding dari hitachi spectro u-2800. Keduanya menunjukkan linearitas yang sangat baik karena memenuhi syarat keberterimaan linearitas pada metode spektrofotometri. Dengan demikian, spektrofotometer jinjing yang dikembangkan dapat menjadi alternatif untuk spektrofotometer komersial. Kata kunci: digital versatile disks, light emitting diode, ponceau 4R, spektrofotometer, web camera, Spectrophotometers can be expanded from commonly available electronic components to portable spectrophotometers. This study aims to develop a portable spectrophotometer and determine its analytical performance test. A portable spectrophotometer composed of main components consisting of a light-emitting diode lamp as a light source, an optical layer of digital versatile disks as a grid, a Logitech c920 web camera as a detector, and data acquisition via the Thereminospectro software. Spectro performance test using standard solution Ponceau 4R and compared with a commercial spectrophotometer Hitachi Spectro U-2800. The portable spectrophotometer with the optimum size produces a standard solution spectrum comparable to that of the Hitachi Spectro u-2800. Both of them show very good linearity because they meet the requirements for linearity acceptance in the spectrophotometric method. Thus, the developed portable spectrophotometer can be an alternative to commercial spectrophotometers. Keywords: digital versatile disks, light emitting diode, ponceau 4R, spectrophotometer, web camera
Keyword: Spektrofotometer UV-VIS, Spektrofotometer jinjing, LED, DVD, Webcamera, Ponceau 4R

Judul: Development and Performance Measurement of Portable Spectrophotometer Controlled by Theremino Spectrometer Using KMnO4 Standard
Abstrak: Pengembangan spektrofotometer jinjing dapat menjadi alternatif instumen analisis untuk menghasilkan informasi kimia secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif yang dapat diandalkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan spektrofotometer jinjing terkontrol theremino spectrometer yang sederhana, murah, dan analisisnya cepat. Pengembangan spektrofotometer jinjing berhasil dibuat dengan menghubungkan komponen-komponen utama penyusun spektrofotometer, seperti lampu LED putih sebagai sumber sinar, kuvet plastik sebagai kompartemen sampel, DVD sebagai kisi difraksi, kamera web sebagai detektor, dan theremino spectrometer sebagai pengolah sinyal. Hasil sinyal spektrumnya sebanding dengan spektrofotometer komersial Hitachi U-2800. Evaluasi kinerja analitik spektrofotometer jinjing menggunakan standar KMnO4 menghasilkan data yang linear dengan R2 0,9982, limit deteksi 0,54472 mg/L, limit kuantisasi 1,65066 mg/L, perolehan kembali 103,16%, dan ketertiruan (RSD) 1,81%. Hasil ini juga dibandingkan dengan hasil pengukuran menggunakan spektrofotometer komersial Hitachi U-2800 melalui uji anova satu arah yang hasilnya tidak berbeda nyata., The development of a portable spectrophotometer can be an alternative analytical instrument to produce reliable qualitative and quantitative chemical information. This study aims to develop a portable spectrophotometer controlled by theremino spectrometer which is simple, inexpensive, and rapid analysis. The development of portable spectrophotometer successfully built by connecting the main components of spectrophotometer, such as a white LED lamp as light source, plastic cuvette as sample compartment, DVD as a diffraction grating, web camera as detector, and theremino spectrometer as a signal processor. The results of the signal spectrum were comparable to the Hitachi U-2800 spectrophotometer. Evaluation performance measurement of portable spectrophotometer using KMnO4 standard resulted in linear with R2 0,9982, the limit of detection 0,54472 mg/L, the limit of quantitation 1,65066 mg/L, recovery 103,16%, and reproducibility (RSD) 1,81%. This result is compared to the Hitachi U-2800 spectrophotometer through the one-way anova test whose results are not significantly different.
Keyword: Development of spectrophotometer, KMnO4, Portable spectrophotometer, Theremino spectrometer, Visible spectrophotometer

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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