Judul: Analisis daya saing ekspor komoditas kakao Indonesia di bandingkan dengan Malaysia di pasar Singapura tahun 2003-2013
Abstrak: Cocoa plantation sector has the potential to contribute greatly to the development of Indonesian exports. Since the implementation of tax policy on cocoa beans 1 April 2010 led to the Indonesia's cocoa export into a significant decline. On the other hand, tax policy for the export of cocoa beans in April 2010 to make Indonesian cocoa processing industry shows growth. The objective of this study is to analyze the Indonesia's cocoa export competitiveness than malaysia's in Singapore as one of the cocoa export destinations in ASEAN. Data used in this study is secondary data in the form of time series data trade Indonesia, Malaysia and the world with Singapore in the period 2003-2013. The method used in this study is Revealed Compare Analysis (RCA) to determine Indonesia and Malaysia cocoa competitiveness. Constant Market Share (CMS) method is for decomposing the growth determinants of Indonesia and Malaysia cocoa exports to singapore. Based on the comparison of the value of cocoa RCA Indonesia and Malaysia in the Singapore market over the period 2003-2013 is seen that the value of RCA Indonesia is still higher compared to Malaysia for cocoa beans, while the value of Indonesia's RCA on processed cocoa products is lower than Malaysia. Based on the results of the CMS in Indonesia, the average growth of Indonesian cocoa exports to Singapore in the period 2003-2009 is more influenced by the effects of the commodity composition effect, while the growth rate in 2010-2013 CMS Indonesia is more influenced competitiveness effect.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), RCA, export tax, CMS, competitiveness, cocoa

Judul: Analisis dayasaing dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi ekspor komoditas kakao olahan Indonesia
Abstrak: This study aims to analyze the competitiveness and factors that affect the flow of Indonesian cocoa exports in five export destinations of Indonesia.. The method used for the analysis of the competitiveness of Indonesian cocoa is the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA). The results of the RCA analysis generally indicate that Indonesian cocoa butter, fat, and oil has a better relatively competitiveness compared with the cocoa paste and cocoa powder on each export destination. To analyze the factors that affect the flow of Indonesian cocoa exports used econometric analysis with the Gravity Model approach. Significant variables that affecting the flow of Indonesian cocoa paste export are importer GDP, the GDP of Indonesia, importer population, the population of Indonesia, the export price of Indonesian cocoa paste, the real exchange rate of the IDR, economic distance, and the duties of cocoa beans. While for the commodity cocoa butter, fat, oil throughout these variables have a significant effect. Meanwhile, in commodity cocoa powder there are two variables that do not significantly affect the flow of Indonesian cocoa powder exports are importer GDP and economic distance.
Keyword: Panel Data, Gravity Model, RCA, Export, Cocoa

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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