Judul: Komposisi Potongan Komersial Karkas Domba Garut Umur Sebelas Bulan dengan Ransum Penggemukan Mengandung Limbah Tauge dan Indigofera sp.
Abstrak: Lamb is a small ruminant which produces meat for human consumption. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of ration on carcass characteristics and composition. Eleven male Garut lambs of eight month old were used in the study. They were divided into two groups and given ration containing mung bean waste and Indigofera sp. respectively and fattened for three months. Parameter observed include carcass characteristics, carcass tissue component and distribution within commercial cuts. The result showed the Garut lamb that was given difference ration containing was significantly higher (P<0,05) to slaughter weight, empty body weight, carcass weight, percentage of carcass compared to that fed on ration containing Indigofera sp. Carcass tissue composition include meat and bone weight of Garut lamb fed on mung bean waste ration containing significantly (P<0,05) hevier compared to that fed on Indigofera sp. Meat and bone in carcass tissue distribution within commercial cuts was significantly different, it can be seen from rack, leg, breast, and shank cut
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Judul: Komposisi Jaringan pada Potongan Komersial Karkas Domba Garut dan Ekor Tipis Umur Sebelas Bulan dengan Ransum Penggemukkan Mengandung Indigofera sp.
Abstrak: Garut and Thin Tailed sheep are categorized as small ruminant animal. They are potential as meat producers. The aim of this research was to examine differences in tissue composition of commercial cuts from garut and Thin Tailed sheep aged 11 months and fattened on ration containing Indigofera sp. The study used four garut and four Thin Tailed sheep with initial body weight of 14,9 ± 1,1 kg and 13,6 ± 0,6 kg respectively (CV=10,14%). The experiment was set up ini completely randomized design. The animals were intensively fattened for three months in individual cages. They were fed ad libitum with pelleted ration contained Indigofera sp.. The sheep were slaughtered, dressed, and the chilled carcasses were cutted into seven commercial cuts and each cuts were dissecsed into muscle, fat, and bone. The results showed that there were no significantly differences in carcass muscle and bone weight, but carcass fat weight. Garut sheep had significantly (P<0,05) lower fat weight in the carcass compare to Thin Tailed sheep. The differences occured primaly in shoulder, loin, breast, and leg cuts. However on percentage bases, there were significant (P<0,05) between breed differences in carcass compotition. The garut sheep carcass contained significantly more muscle and bone, but less fat than those of Thin Tailed sheep.
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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