Judul: Analisis Keterkaitan Penggunaan Lahan, Rencana Pola Ruang Dan Hirarki Wilayah Di Kota Cilegon
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) menganalisis tingkat perkembangan wilayah (hirarki wilayah), 2) menganalisis penggunaan lahan eksisting Kota Cilegon dan inkonsistensinya terhadap rencana pola ruang RTRW, 3) mengidentifikasi faktor – faktor penyebab inkonsistensi penggunaan lahan terhadap rencana pola ruang serta, 4) menganalisis keterkaitan antara penggunaan lahan dengan rencana pola ruang RTRW dan penggunaan lahan dengan hirarki wilayah. Penggunaan lahan eksisting diinterpretasi dengan menggunakan citra Google Earth dan diverifikasi dengan pengecekan lapang. Penelitian ini menggunakan QGIS, Arc View, dan Statistica 7. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat perkembangan wilayah Kota Cilegon terbagi menjadi 3 hirarki wilayah, yaitu 6 desa di hirarki 1, 11 desa di hirarki 2, dan 26 desa lainnya sebagai hirarki 3. Penggunaan lahan eksisting tahun 2013 di Kota Cilegon didominasi dengan permukiman yang terdiri atas permukiman tidak teratur dan permukiman teratur, diikuti oleh luas penggunaan lahan hutan dan emplasemen. Walaupun Kota Cilegon berkembang pesat dengan kegiatan perindustriannya, penggunaan lahan Kota Cilegon konsisten 92,60% terhadap rencana pola ruang dan inkonsisten hanya sebesar 7,40% didominasi oleh bentuk inkonsistensi penggunaan lahan permukiman di kawasan perindustrian. Penggunaan lahan yang lebih awal berkembang sebelum adanya penetapan RTRW merupakan salah satu faktor utama yang mempengaruhi luas inkonsistensi penggunaan lahan terhadap rencana pola ruang. Menurut hasil analisis korelasi, ada kecenderungan keterkaitan antara penggunaan lahan hutan, lahan terbuka, dan rumput, semak, ilalang dengan inkonsistensi penggunaan lahan terhadap rencana pola ruang. Penggunaan lahan tidak memiliki korelasi yang kuat dengan hirarki wilayah namun adanya keterkaitan yang lemah antara hirarki tinggi dengan penggunaan lahan permukiman teratur. Secara umum, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan lahan yang sifatnya tidak produktif memiliki keterkaitan dengan perkembangan wilayah yang relatif rendah karena kurangnya aktivitas ekonomi yang diperoleh melalui penggunaan lahan tersebut.
Keyword: Analisis Korelasi, Kota Industri, RTRW, Skalogram

Judul: Keterkaitan antara Penggunaan/Penutupan Lahan, Infrastruktur dan Kepadatan Penduduk di Kota Cilegon dan Kecamatan Sekitarnya
Abstrak: Since City of Cilegon turns as autonomy city, it boosts the acceleration of area development. It triggers the changing of land use in urban and surrounding area as well. The purpose of this research is to analyze inter-relation of: (1) changing of land use/cover in 2005-2011, (2) land use/cover and population density, (3) the extent of area development and road density, and (4) discrepancy between current land usage and spatial pattern. A spatial analytic method is used in line with interpretation of actual land use. Afterward, descriptive analysis is performed to know relation of land use/cover and population density. Schallogram analysis is to know the extent of area development, and discrepancy analysis is to discover the discrepancy between land use on spatial pattern.Eventually, the finding of spatial analysis shows that bushes in City of Cilegon and district surrounding in 2005 to 2011 were increasing by 862.2 ha and 3700 ha respectively. The highest changing of forests to bushes was 4960.9 ha. Reduced forests area was caused by human, increasing total of population. Higher population density would boost rapid physical development, thus influenced on the extent of area development. Discrepancy between land use/cover and spatial pattern was relatively smaller in City of Cilegon than districts surrounding. This was due to large land availability in districts surrounding than in City of Cilegon.
Keyword: discrepancy between land use/cover and Spatial Planning (RTRW), road density, Hierarchy, population density, land use change

Judul: Durability of Specific Immunoglobulin (Ig) Y Againts Influenza and Covid-19 in Sunscreen
Abstrak: The benefit of specific immunoglobulin Y (Ig Y) as an active ingredient in personal care products such as sunscreen has not been properly studied. Our study aims to evaluate the reliability of specific IgY against influenza and the COVID-19 virus in a sample sunscreen product. Specific IgY influenza and COVID-19 viruses were inserted in the sample sunscreen at two concentrations of 0.1% and 0.25%. Three treatments were observed: control (C) sunscreen without IgY, treatment 1 (T1) sunscreen with 0.1% IgY, and treatment 2 (T2) sunscreen with 0.25% IgY. Organoleptic observations were carried out to monitor changes in aroma, color, and texture, and sunscreen sampling was done every week for 6 weeks. The durability of IgY was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a neutralization assay. Organoleptic observation from weeks 1 to 6 showed consistency in its aroma, color, and texture. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization assay (NA) results of the T1 and T2 groups showed negative results except for sample T1 at week 5, which showed a positive result in the Influenza A ELISA. Based on the results, it seems that IgY concentrations of 0.1% or 0.25% were not optimal. However, this negative result might be due to low concentration of the IgY and the presence of beeswax, which inhibits IgY and causes it to dissolve in distilled water, thus preventing it from being detected in the assay.
Keyword: Immunoglobulin Y, Sunscreen, Influenza, COVID-19, Biological Activity