Judul: Kompetensi Pengembangan Kewirausahaan Program Pos Pemberdayaan Keluarga (Posdaya) di Kelurahan Pasir Mulya Kecamatan Bogor Barat
Abstrak: Unit family empowerment (Posdaya) is a locus for developing the welfare of families in increasing their income so that people can improve the quality of life. One of the forms in increasing their income by developing entrepreneurship. The activities of its members through Posdaya supported to detail useful skills and knowledge to develop their entrepreneurial endeavors. The purpose of this research is to recoquize the characteristics of the RW 02 as a member of the Posdaya Bina Sejahtera. In addition, analyses the development of entrepreneurship as well as the competencies contained in the activities Village of Posdaya Bina Sejahtera Bogor Subdistrict Neighborhoods West Pasir MulyaPasir Mulya. The research was carried out by quantitative and qualitative methods using questionnaires and in-depth interview. This research result indicates in the members of posdaya more women in category, productive the end of the age the majority last finished elementary school education and have a job entrepreneurship. The development of entrepreneurship in Posdaya Bina Sejahtera done with through training and assistance. The training and assistance produce competence the development of entrepreneurship in terms of knowledge and skills in the life of a day.
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Judul: Evaluasi Program Pos Pemberdayaan Keluarga (Posdaya) : Studi Kasus Posdaya Bina Sejahtera di Kelurahan Pasir Mulya, Kecamatan Bogor Barat, Kota Bogor, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: In respond to the government programs to alleviate the poverty and to improve the quality of the human resources of the remote communities, the family empowerment program was established. The establishment of such community development program is attempted to reach the target of the millenium development goals (MDGs), in its special interest for remote community development. The objectives of the study are: 1) to evaluate the progress of the Sejahtera Family Empowerment Program; 2) to investigate contraints and factors that support the development of the Empowerment Program; and 3) to analyse input, output, process and effects of the Posdaya Bina Sejahtera Program, on the community of Pasirmulya, Western Bogor District, West Java. Qualitative as well as the quantitative approach were utilized, in this study. Qualitative approach was used to get the deep understanding of the implementation of Family Empowerment Program, whereas the quantitative approach was used for the case study. Both the qualitative and quantitative approaches were sinergically utilized for more comprehensive result. For data collection, 50 questionaires were administered for community leaders, Bina Sejahtera officials, and community members purposively. This study brings together the current state of knowledge of how Posdaya has changed the quality of life of the community. From this study, it is suggested that Center for Human Resource Development (P2SDM) IPB, Yayasan Damandiri, as well as the Government should hands in hands to continue supporting the empowerment program.
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Judul: Mercury Toxicity and It’s Effect on Histopathology Change of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).
Abstrak: Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of fish species that oportunity to contaminated with mercury. The effects of pollutants can damage living organisms organs and can cause death. The effects caused mercury had acute or chronic character. The aims of this study are to determine threshold and acute toxicity of mercury chloride (HgCl2) of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), to assess the effect of mercury chloride (HgCl2) on several biometric parameters (survival, growth rate of average daily weighted, liver condition, bile and reproductive variability of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), assess the level of damage to the histological structure of the gills, liver and kidney of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) caused mercury chloride (HgCl2) exposure. This study was conducted from February to June 2013. Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were used in this study were female with average weight 20 grams or 11-13 cm length range. Toxicant materials used in this study was mercury chloride (HgCl2). Fish were reared in each aquarium 60x40x30 containing 48 liters of water. This study consists of three stages: a preliminary test, acute test, and sub-chronic test. To determine the changes in biometric condition of tilapia approximated by measuring the survival rate (SR), the growth rate of average daily weight , the content of mercury in the fish organs, hepatosomatic index (HSI), the relative bile volume (VER), gonadal soamtic index (IKG), fecundity and oocit diameter, tissue damage caused by mercury in fish organs by making histological preparations stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The median lethal concentration (96 hr, LC50) of Mercury Chloride was calculated as 1,64 mgL--1.The survival rate was highest in the control treatment (46,67 %) . Mercury chloride with concentration 0.196 mgL--1 show significant effect to changes HSI and relative bile volume, and oocyte diameter of Nile tilapia (p < 0,05). Mercury chloride with a concentration of 0,164 mgL-1 and 0,196 mgL-1 have not a significant effect on the growth rate of weight, gonadal somatic index and fecundity of Nile tilapia (p > 0,05). Mercury chloride cause damage to gills (hyperplasia, hypertrophy, proliferation and neukrosis), liver (hyperplasia, hemorhage, shrinkage of hepatocytes, proliferation and neukrosis) and kidney (hyperplasia, hemorrhage, shrinkage of the glomerulus, proliferation and neukrosis).
Keyword: Nile tilapia, Hepatosomatic indexs (HSI), histopathology