Judul: Potensi Pengembangan Teknologi Budidaya Padi Apung untuk Mengatasi Risiko Banjir
Abstrak: Rice is one of the main food in Indonesia. Demand for rice increases as the population increases. The national rice production has not been able to meet the needs of national consumption. In the last number of years, Indonesia has to import rice to meet the demand. On the other hand, the risks and impacts of climate anomalies, such as floods and droughts, become more frequent and more intense. The climate hazards have been found to be main threat to agricultural production systems and national food security. In some specific area such as in coastal areas, the occurrence of environmental damage coupled with the problem of rising sea, flood has already become an annual disaster. The floods last for a few months during the rainy season and this does not allow farmer to plant the rice in this season. This research examines the potential of rice floating technology to address the problem of the annual floods which occurred in Pamotan Village, Ciamis District, West Java and Rawaapu Village, Cilacap District, Central Java. Floating rice technology addresses the flood risk using raft as cropping medium. The results of the analysis indicated that the floating rice technology is very potential to be applied in areas that have already been experiencing annual flooding problem. The economic feasibility of this technology is also very high. The total revenue earned by floating rice farming is greater than the total income of the conventional rice farming in Pamotan and Rawaapu. This is demonstrated by the higher ratio of revenue and cost (R/C) of floating rice farming than that of the conventional technique. The R/C of the floating rice reached 2,03 while that of the conventional rice was only 1,71. This suggests that the floating rice cultivation is not only very potential to address the problem of permanent flood but also for increasing farmers income.
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Judul: PenilaianTeknologi Budidaya Padi Sawah Irigasi Adaptif Terhadap Keragaman Iklim (Studi Kasus: Subang, Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: In recent yearsm riceproductivitytended to decrease. Thisconditionis not only due to limited adoption of new technologies by farmers but also due to the increased in crop failure caused by extreme climate events. This study aimsto identify and assess crop management technologiesofirrigatedrice inSubang and to develop crop management strategies more adaptive to climate variability. Assessment of crop management technologies was done using crop simulation (DSSAT) and cost-benefitanalysis, and adaptivefarmingstrategies was developed based on interviews with farmers taking into consideration the results ofthe crop simulation. Crop management technologies being assessed were 18technologies consists of water management,fertilizer application, and crop spacing. The results showedthat theoptimumtechnology at Subang for the irrigated rice is puddlingwithnitrogen application of 150 kg Urea/ha and plant spacing of 40x40cm. The optimumplantingtime is betweenmid-Octoberand mid-January. The B/C ratio for this technology is the highest. Strategy to manage climate risk include not only with structural intervention such as development of community-based water reservoir, wells pump etc, but also with non-structural intervention such as enhancement of farmers capacity in using climate forecast information application for tailoring crop management and cropping pattern to the forecast information.
Keyword: DSSAT, Technology Choice, Rice Irrigation

Judul: Characterizations of low alloy steel sae 4422  plated with chromic acid (Cro3)
Abstrak: Characterizations of low alloy steel SAE 4422 plated with chromic acid (CrOrO3) was use Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), RD),Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-Ray (EDAX), Hardness Test and Roughness Test. Microstructures analysis exhibits cracks and grain boundaries microcracks as a characteristics of chrome metal found at plating metal. Perlite and Ferrite as grains of steel found at base metal with grain boundaries around it. Phase analysis of plating metal appropriate to chrome metal with lattice constant (a) is 2.559 Å and phase analysis of base metal appropriate to iron ferrite with lattice constant (a) is 3.318 Å. Both plating and base metal have cubic system. Chemical analysis of plating metal at surface section exhibits that cracks area have highest value of carbon element compare with grains and grains boundaries area. While chemical analysis of base metal at cross section exhibits that perlite have highest value of carbon element compare with ferrite and grain boundaries. The hardness value of plating metal at surface section and cross section are 753 and 637 VHN. While, the hardness value of base metal and interface area at cross section are 205 and 373 VHN. The roughness value at measurement points of chrome surface for as received sample are 0.445 μm. Observation used Optical Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy exhibits surface irregularities combine to form surface texture of plating metal at surface section.
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