Judul: A Taxonomic Revision of the . Important Commercial Timber Genus Hopea (Dipterocarpaceae) In Papuasia
Abstrak: This thesis presents a taxonomic revision of the genus Hopea in Papuasia. It is based on 314 collection number which are preserved in the Herbarium Bogoriense, Bogor (BO); Herbarium Manokwari, Cenderawasih University, Manokwari (MAN); The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K); The Natural Museum, London (BM), and the Rijksherbarium Leiden (L). The Leiden collections were loaned to Kew for this project. Papuasia has several local species both in Irian Jaya and in Papua New Guinea More detailed collecting will probably result in the collection of, as yet, undescribed taxa. Methods used follow the normal practice in herbarium taxonomy. Morphological characters, which have been used as the diagnostic taxonomic features, are used in evaluating the species of Hopea. Vegetative morphology: leaf shape, leaf base, leaf texture, number of main nerves, and petiole length; and floristic morphology. pedicel length, sepal shape, petal shape, pollen and fruit size, are the main characters used for determinating the species in the genus. There are thirteen species of Hopea in Papuasia (Irian Jaya and Papua New Guinea) but the genus is absent E. Papua New Guinea (Bismark Archipelago and Solomin isl.). In Papua New Guinea nine species are found: Hopea celtidifolia, H. forbesii, H. glabrifolia, H. iriana, H. novoguineensis, H. papuana, H. scabra, H. similis, and H. ultima. Twelve species are found in Irian Jaya Hopea aptera, Hopea celtidifolia, H. forbesii, H. glabrifolia, H. inexpectata, H. iriana, H. novoguineensis, H. papuana, H. scabra, H. similis, H. ultima, and Hopea microcarpa. Hopea novoguineensis is also found in the North Moluccas and the S.E. Celebes. The vegetative and floristic characters upon which the taxonomic revision is based use first discussed. This includes detailed studies on the leaf surfaces using the Scanning Electron Microscope and detail measurement of leaf morphology. The flowers were dicided and studied in detail. Pollen morphology was studied for several species but most anthers, when dissected, contained little pollen. Further collections well be required to be able to assess the significance of the variation observed in the pollen grains. Botanical description are included of all species with notes on the distribution ecology and a list of vernacular names given. A key is included to enable recognition of the species. All collections examined are listed in Appendix 1. of the collections are from Irian Jaya and from Papua New Guinea In the conclusion a several of studies are proposed to increase our knowledge of the taxonomy of Hopea in Irian Jaya and Papua New Guinea. dst ...
Keyword: 

Judul: Systematics of freycinetia in West New Guinea
Abstrak: Freycinetia Gaud. in West New Guinea had been investigated. For about 4.000 specimen collections were studied using morphological, ecological and molecular data of cp DNA sequence trnL-F, atpB-rbcL and trn-L . The result showed that in West New Guinea 92 species occur. All species can be divided into 4 groups namely F. macrostachya, F. funicularis, F. oblanceolata and F. angustissima groups. The F. macrostachya group have 36 species and 12 species are prepare as a new species namely F. aurihasteta Sinaga, F. brevipedicelata Sinaga, F. clavata Sinaga & Utteridge, F . circuita Sinaga, F.concordia Sinaga, F. frutaspiralica Sinaga, F. frutonumerata Sinaga, F. mandacana Sinaga, F.megaauriculata Sinaga & Utteridge, F. stigmabeliata Sinaga, F. ultrapedicelata Sinaga and F. yapenina Sinaga. The F. funicularis group have 17 species and 9 species are prepare as a new species namely F. ayawasa Sinaga, F. fusiforma Sinaga & A.P. Keim, F. hasteta Sinaga, F. imbristigma Sinaga & A.P. Keim, F. magnoareola Sinaga, F.millikenus Sinaga & A.P. Keim, F. nervoauricula Sinaga, F. spiroaxilla Sinaga & A.P. Keim and F. simpliaxillata. The F. oblanceolata group have 31 species and 9 species are considerated as a new species namely F. albaauria Sinaga, F. batantaensis Sinaga, F. decendata Sinaga, F. folitenella Sinaga, F. frutasolla Sinaga, F. broccoareola Sinaga, F. iriana Sinaga, F. manokwariana Sinaga and F. verstegii Sinaga. The last group is F. angustissima group that have 8 species but only one as a new species namely F. pauciberria Sinaga. The F. macrostachya and F. oblanceolata groups living from forest beach to 1700 m asl but F. macrostachya group are found alone in secondary forest. The F. funicularis and F. angustissima groups prefer living on the mountain area and both of them are found on 3000 m asl. 35 species has limited distribution it is only found in Papua but 52 species occurs both in Papua &PNG and 5 species are widely distribution throughout Malesia and Australia. Analysis phylogenetic through PAUP program using both morphological and molecular data support the groups with CI (Coefficient Index) = 0.7, HI (Homoflashy Index) = 0.3 for morphology characters and CI =0.930; 0.868; 0.890 and HI = 0.07; 0.132; 0.110 for molecular data by trnL-F; atpB- rbcL and trn-L sequencing of CP DNA. According to morphological data F. macrostachya group is a primitive one, It is followed by F. funicularis group, F. oblanceolata and F. angustissima groups as an advance one. But in the trnL-F sequencing cpDNA data F. macrostahya group as a primitive one separate from 3 other derivate groups and this result are supported by ecological situation. On the other hands, atpB–rbcL sequencing strongly support the groups but advance one is not belong to the F. angustissima group anymore but F. funicularis group, The same way is found in the trn-L sequencing data. Therefore trnL-F sequencing had given more conservative characters but atpB-rbcL showed both conservative and advance characters while trn-L had given more advance characters.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Pandanus, Sararanga, Martelidendron

Judul: Pembuatan diskrimininator berbasis mikrokondtroler AT89c52 yang dikendalikan PC untuk dirapkan pada sistem pencacah radiasi
Abstrak: Manusia selalu mencari kemudahan dan kepraktisan dalam melakukan pekerjaan. Hal ini dilakukan agar pekerjaan menjadi lebih efisien. Dalam bidang pengukuran radiasi secara konvensional masih banyak penggunaan peralatan elektronik analog, seperti potensiometer. Sehingga setiap data dihasilkan oleh alat ukur yang dikontol secara manual, bagi orang awam hal itu sangat sulit karena dia harus tahu fungsi tombol-tombol yang terdapat pada alat ukur tersebut dan juga dengan bertambah usia komponen tersebut akan mudah aus atau rusak. Untuk itu maka dikembangkan penggunaan PC sebagai pengontrol alat ukur radiasi. Sehingga pengaturan secara konvensional menggunakan komponen elektronika seperti potensiometer dapat digantikan fungsinya oleh PC. Selain itu dipilihnya PC, karena setiap orang dapat mudah menggunakannya. PC akan memberikan pulsa untuk kemudian diubah menjadi sinyal linear, sinyal linear tersebut akan menjadi input bagi alat ukur. Dari hasil penelitian ini berhasil membuat diskriminator berbasis mikrokontroler AT89C52 yang dikendalikan PC untuk digunakan pada sistem pencacah radiasi. Dengan spesifikasi sebagai berikut rentang diskriminator antara 0 sampai 10 V dengan mode normal atau integral, skala perubahan terkecil alat diskriminator adalah 0,1 V, dikendalikan oleh PC dengan komunikasi serial, lebar pulsa logika keluaran diskriminator 40 us. Software yang digunakan pada alat diskriminator ini adalah Bascom dan Visual Basic. Software Bascom digunakan pada mikrokontroler AT89C52 sedangkan Visual Basic digunakan pada PC. Dengan adanya alat ini maka pulsa keluaran dari pulser dapat diseleksi sesuai dengan level energi yang diinginkan.
Keyword: