Judul: Determination of quality degradation rate of milk powder -  type-x at various temperature in pt frisian flag Indonesia,  Jakarta
Abstrak: One of the processed milk is milk powder. Milk powder contains many components of food and become a good nutrition source for the body but it can damage easily. Its needs to be identified how the quality degradation rate to prevent further deterioration of milk powder during storage. The objective of this research is determination of quality degradation rate of milk powder-type-X at various temperature. The products were kept at 30°C, 40°C, and 55°C for six weeks of storage. Initial analysis has been done to determine critical parameters that increased milk powder damaged. The results show free fat, peroxide value and insolubility index as major damaged of milk powder. Quality degradation rate of milk powder-type-X followed zero order reaction for free fat and insolubility index. Order reaction of peroxide value cannot be determined because the deterioration has not reached 50% of the final quality value. Deterioration of milk powder-type-X is influenced by internal conditions of milk powder, analysis procedures, and intensity of analysis. Based on models accuracy test with MRD value obtained zero order reaction of peroxide value at 30oC, first order reaction of peroxide value at 55oC, and zero order reaction of free fat value at 40oC rather describe the quality degradation rate of milk powder-type-X.
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Judul: Evaluasi Proses Pengemasan Untuk Mengurangi Persentase Kerusakan Kemasan dari Susu Kental Manis Sachet di PT Frisian Flag Indonesia Jakarta.
Abstrak: PT Frisian Flag Indonesia had a problem, which is high percentage of damage sachet. Damage sachet divided into damage sachets from filling and sealing machines. The purpose was to identify the types of damage sachet and the factors that caused damage sachet of sweetened condensed milk, then formulated alternatives fixes the problem. This study was designed as a descriptive survey. The data used in the analysis is obtained from Intership in PT Frisian Flag Indonesia. Internship activities carried out for 4 months. The procedures performed were 1) identify the problems, 2) fixed the methods of data collection, 3) data collection and retrieving, and 4) an analysis of the existing problems with the Pareto diagram, why-why anaysis and fishbone diagram. The results showed that 13 of 18 filling machine has the largest damage sachet percentage, and 13 of the 18 sealer machines also has the largest damage sachet percentage for 14 weeks. Collected data of damage sachet type from filling machines started on third week based on largest percentage data in the second week, is machines P, R and C, while for damage sachet from sealer machines A, Q, E, J and O. The types of damage sachet often occurs at AA, AB, AC, AE, AF, AG, AD, AJ, AM and AN. The main factor that caused damage sachet was factor of humans and machines, in addition there are also other factors that affect the damage, is the methods and materials factors. Alternative improvements that can be done is the care and maintenance of the machines should be more frequent, monitoring of humans, machines, methods and materials done regularly and need to be established or empowered teams to conduct regular analysis of the damage sachet and the types.
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Judul: Karakteristik Anatomi Skelet Kepala Buaya senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii).
Abstrak: Buaya sepit atau senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii) merupakan jenis buaya asli Indonesia yang berhabitat di sungai-sungai Sumatera, Kalimantan, dan juga pedalaman Sulawesi. Salah satu ciri khas buaya senyulong adalah bentuk moncong yang runcing dan sempit, namun hingga saat ini informasi mengenai struktur skelet kepala buaya senyulong sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik anatomi skelet kepala buaya senyulong yang dikatikan dengan fungsi dan perilakunya. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksploratif dengan melakukan pengamatan, pencatatan, dan pengambilan gambar dari skelet kepala buaya senyulong. Skelet kepala berukuran panjang 70 cm, lebar 29 cm, dan tingggi 17 cm dengan permukaan kasar pada os nasale, os frontale, os maxilla, os mandibula, os lacrimale, os jugale. Jumlah gigi pada buaya ini sebanyak 78 buah, terdiri dari 4 buah gigi premaxila, 16 buah gigi maxila, dan 19 buah gigi mandibula. Pada regio orbitalis ditemukan dua pasang fenestrae temporales yang berkembang baik. Fenestra supratemporale merupakan lubang oval yang membentang di sepanjang os parietale. Fenestra infratemporale berbentuk segitiga dan dibatasi oleh os squamosum, os postorbitale, os jugulare, dan os quadratum. Os mandibula hewan ini mempunyai symphysis mandibularis yang panjang yaitu garis yang melintang di corpus mandibulae. Secara fungsional ukuran symphysis mandibularis berkaitan dengan adaptasi hewan terhadap diet makan.
Keyword: kepala, moncong, Tomistoma schlegelii