Judul: Karakteristik Panenan Ular Sanca Batik Python reticulatus di Sumatera Utara
Abstrak: Ular sanca batik atau P. reticulatus merupakan salah satu spesies yang mendapat perhatian dunia terkait pemanfaatannya sebagai komoditas ekspor yang cukup tinggi. Pemanfaatan yang berlebih dikhawatirkan akan mengancam kestabilan populasinya di alam. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik panenan menggambarkan kondisi populasi hewan di alam. Tingginya permintaan kulit P. reticulatus untuk kebutuhan fashion membuat usaha pengulitan P. reticulatus tetap bertahan. Untuk mengetahui proses pengolahan kulit P. reticulatus di Indonesia dilakukan penelitian dengan pemeriksaan 272 ekor P. reticulatus di tempat pemotongan di wilayah Sumatera Utara. Oleh karena itu, penelitian yang dilakukan di Sumatera Utara ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik panenan P. reticulatus di tempat pemotongan dan menduga perubahan struktur populasinya serta mengidentifikasi prosedur pengolahan kulit hasil panenan P. reticulatus. Prosedur pengolahan kulit P. reticulatus di tempat pemotongan terdiri atas proses pengumpulan dan koleksi, proses pemotongan dan proses pengulitan. Proses pemotongan menjadi isu para pemerhati konservasi satwa luar negeri karena dianggap tidak memperhatikan kesejahteraan satwa. Data yang dianalisis meliputi jumlah panenan, jenis kelamin, sex ratio, morfometri, kelas umur, kematangan reproduksi dan jenis pakan. Selama penelitian teridentifikasi 272 ekor P. reticulatus dengan perbandingan 146 ekor jantan dan 126 ekor betina. Sex rasio dari 272 ekor P. reticulatus yang dibedah adalah 1 : 0.86, atau 53.68% jantan dan 46.32% betina, kelas umur juvenile 79 ekor (29.04%) dengan sex rasio 1 : 0.42 dan dewasa 193 ekor (70.96%) dengan sex rasio 1 : 0.93. Rerata SVL P. reticulatus yang dipanen adalah 272.67 cm (SD = 37.76). Berdasarkan jenis kelamin maka terdapat perbedaan antara ukuran SVL jantan (rerata = 267, SD = 37.04) dan betina (rerata = 278, SD = 37.91) pada kelas umur yang sama (t270 = -2.363, p = 0.019). Ukuran testis terbesar jantan matang kelamin (n = 63) pada ukuran SVL 335 cm dan ukuran folikel terbesar betina matang kelamin (n = 22) terdapat pada betina ukuran SVL 329 cm. Pada 272 ekor P. reticulatus yang dibedah, diperiksa saluran pencernaannya, 261 ekor tidak ditemukan sisa pakan. Proses pemotongan yang dilakukan di Sumatera Utara dimulai dengan memukul kepala ular sanca batik sampai dianggap mati kemudian dikuliti. Setelah dikuliti, kulit dipaku dan dijemur. Sebelum dikuliti rerata panjang badan P. reticulatus 2.58 m (n = 232, SD = 0.36) dan setelah dikuliti rerata panjang kulit kering 3.62 m (n = 232, SD = 0.51). Rerata diameter perut P. reticulatus sebelum dikuliti 23.28 cm (n = 72, SD = 0.45) dan setelah dikuliti rerata lebar kulit kering 34.13 cm (n = 72, SD = 0.56). Hasil penelitian ini mendukung penelitian sebelumnya yang menyimpulkan bahwa perdagangan kulit komersial tidak memusnahkan populasi P. reticulatus di Indonesia, namun demikian ukuran tubuh panenan yang lebih kecil dari penelitian sebelumnya memberikan sinyal kemungkinan terjadinya panenan berlebih.
Keyword: P. reticulatus, sanca batik, karakteristik panenan, pengolahan kulit, Sumatera Utara

Judul: Tata Niaga, Karakteristik Habitat dan Parameter Demografi Sanca Batik (Python reticulatus Scheider 1801) yang Dipanen di Propinsi Kalimantan Tengah
Abstrak: Reticulated python (Python reticulatus) has 180.000 heads annual quota. Despite of the commercial use of this species, a good management of the habitat and population is needed for its sustainability. This research was aimed to identify trades, the habitat charactesictics, harvestings, demographyc parameters and morphometry of harvested reticulated python. The research area was within harvesting areas, management authority, snakes collectors and traders in six regency in Central Kalimantan Province. The research method for trades was done by interviewing several actors of management authority, snakes collectors and traders. The habitat was performed by measuring the environment variables at every plot of capturing and nesting habitat, neither the snakes were captured or not. Harvestings, demographyc parameters morphometry variables of harvested snakes at every plot of habitats, catchers and collector were calculated and measured. Descriptive statistical analyzes showed that traders structure were consisted of collectors, middle man and legal permit owner. Kruskal Wallis and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test showed that there was no habitat preference by the reticulated python. Harvesting estimation derived from location of survey was 26.73% at collector stage and about 31.95 % at middle man stage comparing to annual quota of Central Kalimantan Province. Capturing criteria was based on the size of body length, rather than the sex. The sex ratio of captured snakes in collectors was 1:0.72 and middle man was 1:1.07. The age class most captured both in collectors and middle men was the adult male (99% and 89% from all male). This trend occurred because the adult male has a similar size with the young female.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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