Judul: Resiko pertanian indonesia: persepsi petani terhadap resiko pertanian (studi kasus: petani tanaman pangan di Wilayah Bogor)
Abstrak: Agricultural risks are a serious matter faced by farmers. The objectives of this study were to identify agricultural risks and risks scores at farm households based on the perception of food crop farmers and to develop effective strategies to deal with agricultural risks. The study was conducted from May to September 2011 in Bogor areas. The analysis methods used in this study were qualitative-descriptive, FGD, SWOT, IE and QSPM. The results showed that based on farmers' perceptions, the agricultural risks included production risks, market risks, human risks, institutional risks and financial risks. The highest impact of the risks on farm was the production risk, mainly influenced by pests and diseases. Risk management strategies implemented by farmers were through the use of inputs. Meanwhile, if there was a failure that interfered with family income and the sustainability of farming, farmers would choose to use the income from off-farm work, or to borrow from other parties as a manifestation of risk management strategies. The results of the study also showed that farming activities in Bogor areas were in a stable position. Alternative strategies that need to be considered in coping with agriculture risks were that the government should: (1) be consistent with agricultural policies that had been issued, (2) strengthen the agribusiness development program, (3) encourage investment in agribusiness of food crops subsector, (4) perform the intensification and diversification of agricultural activities, (5) consolidate farmers through institutional development of farmers’ groups and institutional partnership (contract farming), and (6) protect the rights of farmers by legislation and regulation.
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Judul: Manajemen risiko produksi dan penerimaan padi semi organik (Studi : petani gabungan kelompok tani silih asih di Desa Ciburuy, Kec. Cigombong, Kab. Bogor)
Abstrak: Indonesia sebagai negara agraris memiliki potensi pertanian yang mentpakan penyumbang pertumbuhan ekonomi terbesar Indonesia, yaitu sebesar 19,3 persen, terjadi pada triwulan pertama tahun 2009. Preferensi konsumen terhadap pangan yang terbebas dari unsur-unsur kimia yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan, menyebabkan pengalihan minat konsumen terhadap produk organik. Petani yang tergabung dalam Gabungan Kelompok Tani Silih Asih memiliki Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP), dimana input yang digunakan dalam sarana tani mengacu pada pengendalian dan pencegahan hama penyakit melalui pestisida nabati. Proses produksi padi semi organik sangat dipengaruhi iklim kemarau, fluktuasi produktifitas, harga penjualan, dan penerimaan yang mengindikasikan adanya risiko usaha. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk, (1) mengidentifikasi sumber-sumber risiko produksi dan risiko penerimaan padi semi organik yang terjadi pada petani, (2) menganalisis dampak risiko yang disebabkan oleh sumber-sumber risiko pada kegiatan produksi padi semi organik terhadap petani, dan (3) menganalisis strategi penanganan risiko pada petani yang tergabung dalam Gapoktan Silih Asih.
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Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4