Judul: Financial Feasibility and Sustainability Analysis of Waste Bank (Case Study: Gesit Main Waste Bank, South Jakarta)
Abstrak: Peningkatan jumlah penduduk yang diiringi dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi, peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat, dan urbanisasi menyebabkan jumlah timbulan sampah meningkat dengan cepat. Pemerintah Jakarta Selatan bersama dengan masyarakat peduli lingkungan membangun Bank Sampah Induk Gesit (BSI Gesit) untuk mengakomodasi pengelolaan sampah dan mereduksi jumlah (TPST) Bantargebang melalui pengelolaan sampah yang berkelanjutan secara manajemen, ekonomi, lingkungan, dan sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengidentifikasi kendala pengelolaan bank sampah, (2) mengestimasi kelayakan usaha bank sampah, serta (3) merekomendasikan strategi kebijakan pengelolaan sampah di BSI Gesit. Metode analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif, analisis kelayakan finansial, dan analisis strategi keberlanjutan dengan PROMETHEE (Preference Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa transisi pengelolaan sampah subsidi menjadi mandiri menghadapi kendala pada sumber penerimaan, ketersediaan sarana pengangkut dan tenaga kerja, serta ketersediaan supply dari bank sampah unit. Hasil analisis kelayakan finansial usaha BSI Gesit menunjukkan bahwa skenario I yaitu pengelolaan mandiri dan skenario IV yaitu business as usual (BAU) layak dijalankan karena memenuhi seluruh kriteria kelayakan finansial, sedangkan skenario II yaitu pengelolaan bantuan 50% untuk biaya operasional dan skenario III yaitu subsidi upah tenaga kerja tidak layak dijalankan. Pada analisis strategi keberlanjutan, pengelolaan bank sampah yang dapat diprioritaskan adalah alternatif I yaitu pengelolaan mandiri dengan peningkatan penerimaan sebesar 15% setiap tahunnya berdasarkan kontribusi positif dari seluruh kriteria pada dimensi keberlanjutan yaitu manajemen, ekonomi, lingkungan, dan sosial., The increase in population accompanied by economic growth, increased social welfare, and urbanization will inflict the amount of waste production to increase rapidly. The South Jakarta Government along with environment activist from local community established Gesit Main Waste Bank to accommodate the city’s waste management and to reduce the load of waste management in TPST Bantargebang by implementing sustainable waste management that requires consideration of management, economic, environment, and social dimensions. This study aims to (1) identify the constraints of waste bank management, (2) estimate the feasibility of a waste bank, and (3) propose a policy strategy for waste management at BSI Gesit. This study employs descriptive analysis, financial feasibility analysis, and sustainability policy analysis using PROMETHEE (Preference Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation). This study demonstrates that the transtition of subsidized waste management to independently managed waste bank will encounter the lacking of revenue sources, the supply availability from unit waste bank, and the availability of labor and transport facilities. Financial feasibility analysis shows that the first scenario which managed independently without subsidies and the forth scenario (BAU) are feasible because it meets all financial feasibility criteria. On the other hand, the second scenario with half assistance for operational cost and the third scenario with subsidies for labor wage are not feasible. The policy alternatives that need to be prioritized from PROMETHEE analysis are alternative I (independent optimization) based on the consideration of positive contribution from all sustainability criteria, namely management, economic, environmental, and social dimensions.
Keyword: analisis finansial, pengelolaan sampah, reduksi sampah, strategi keberlanjutan

Judul: Analysis of Waste Bank Institutional System in Sustainable Waste Management in Surabaya, Analysis of Waste Bank Institutional System in Sustainable Waste Management in Surabaya
Abstrak: Permasalahan lingkungan terkait pengelolaan sampah masih menjadi persoalan. Pemerintah Kota Surabaya berupaya dalam penanganan isu sampah bekerjasama dengan Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat (LSM) dan Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Perusahaan X dalam membentuk Bank Sampah Induk Surabaya (BSIS). BSIS menghadapi kendala dalam kinerja kelembagaan BSIS. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah 1) mengidentifikasi sistem pengelolaan dan aktor yang berperan di dalam kelembagaan BSIS, 2) menganalisis tingkat pengaruh dan kepentingan stakeholder dalam pengelolaan sampah BSIS, 3) menganalisis persepsi nasabah terhadap pengelolaan sampah yang dilakukan oleh BSIS, dan 4) menghitung manfaat ekonomi yang diperoleh dari pengelolaan sampah berkelanjutan di BSIS. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif, analisis stakeholder, skala likert, dan analisis pendapatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem kelembagaan BSIS sudah baik ditinjau dari sistem pengelolaan, struktur dan aktor yang berperan. Terdapat delapan stakeholder yang memiliki kepentingan dan pengaruh dalam pengelolaan sampah di BSIS. Persepsi nasabah BSIS bernilai positif terutama pada aspek ekonomi. Manfaat ekonomi pengelolaan BSIS mengalami peningkatan terutama dari sisi total penerimaan dan bagi nasabah BSIS, sedangkan bagi pengelola mengalami penurunan dari total pendapatan karena semakin tinggi kebutuhan operasional., Enviromental problem related to waste management are still facing a serious issue, The Surabaya City Government seeks to deal with Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) of X company in establishing the Surabaya Main Waste Bank (BSIS). BSIS faces several obstacles in the performance of BSIS’s internal institutions. The objective in this study were 1) Identify the management system and stakeholders who play a role in BSIS institutions, 2) analyze the level of influence and interest of stakeholders in BSIS waste management, 3) analyze customer perceptions of the waste management under the management of BSIS, 4) calculate the economical benefits obtained by sustainable waste management at BSIS. Descriptive qualitative analysis, stakeholder analysis, likert scale, and income analysis were used in this study. Results showed the BSIS institutional system was quite good in terms of the management system, structure and actors who played a role. There are eight stakeholders who involved at BSIS’s waste management. The perception of BSIS customer is positive, especially in the economic aspect. The economic benefits of managing BSIS have increased, in terms of total revenue and for BSIS customers, while for management of BSIS it has decreased from total income due to higher operational needs.
Keyword: economic benefit, income, likert scale, perception of customer, stakeholder

Judul: Effects of Particle Shapes on Temperature Distribution under Static Ohmic Heating.
Abstrak: The ohmic heating is defined as a process wherein an alternating electrical current is passed through materials resulting in the heat generation inside the product. The excellence of ohmic heating in comparison with other thermal processing is its energy efficiency and ohmic heating could keeping nutritional as well quality attribute of food via blanching, sterilization, pasteurization, extraction, fermentation, and evaporation. Nevertheless, in ohmic heating process, the electrical conductivity of product is a key parameter. The worst case in the ohmic heating of multiphase product could be occurred when the solid phase has very lower or very high electrical conductivity than the liquid. This study aims to reveal the temperature distribution and the heating rate properties of solid and liquid phase as affected by particle shape and its orientation to the electric field. Experiments were conducted with salt solution 1% and carrot that blanched in salt solution 6%. Blanching process was conducted in order to increase the electrical conductivity of carrot close to the salt solution 1%. Ohmic heating was applied to the sample using static cell (4.90 cm diameter and 6.00 cm in length of sample area) at constant voltage gradient (40 V). Each experiment was conducted in triplicate. It was observed that the different particle shape and orientation provide the different heating rate properties. The slice particle had the fastest heating rate. Moreover the perpendicular orientation was heated faster than parallel orientation. The parallel cylindrical shape provides the slowest heating rate. This shape possibly induced the worst-case condition and could be used as sufficiency heat parameter. The heating pattern of each solid and liquid were simulated using COMSOL modeling software. The predicted temperature values were in good agreement with the experimental data with the maximum prediction error of 3 °C.
Keyword: particle orientation, particle shape, electrical conductivity, ohmic heating