Judul: Variabilitas Arus di Sekitar Selat Sunda Tahun 2007-2010 dari Hasil Model INDESO
Abstrak: Model output of high-resolution (1/12°) ocean general circulation model from INDESO project between 2007-2012 were used to investigate the structure and variability of currents at two locations around the Sunda Srait, one location is in Java Sea (JS) and the other is in Indian Ocean (IO) side. Model sea surface height (SSH) is validated with altimetry data, which shows a high correlation coefficient of 0.90 in the IO and 0.76 in JS. In general, both model and altimetry data indicate that SSH in JS is always higher that found in IO. However, between November-January each year, there exists a reversal flow northward in Sunda Strait, which may be related to arrival of coastally trapped Kelvin waves. An intensification of current appears near surface layer both in JS and IO. Analysis of power spectral density energy exhibits a wide range of current variability from intra-seasonal, semi-annual and annual time-scales. Power density energy of zonal current component is much stronger that that meridional component, and amplitude of energy is much stronger in IO it show that current in IO is stronger than JS. Cross correlation analysis show that there is strong relation between between JS and IO currents fluctuation which showed by coherence value between two areas of 0,99.
Keyword: Sunda Strait., Power spectral density analysis, Ocean general circulation model 1/12, Current vertical structure, Current Variability

Judul: Simulasi Arus Musiman di Perairan Indonesia
Abstrak: ROMS-AGRIF INDO03 model configuration with medium-resolution 1/3° has been developed to examine general circulation of Indonesian Sea from 95 °E – 14 °E and 20 °S – 20 °N. Wind driven and atmospheric flux obtained from climatological data COAD (2005), and climatological data of seawater properties obtained from the World Ocean Database (2006), meanwhile lateral boundary driving force was used from the simulation results Drakkar INDOORCA05 climatology (1970-2003). This study aim to examine annual current circulation of Indonesian sea. The 10th year simulation results with a daily average value were used in this study. A correlation betwen sea surface level of the model and sea surface level from altimetri climatology satelit (2000-2010) run from the model showed a fairly high value (0.5-0.9). The mean flow surface current in the Indonesia sea is more influenced by the monsoon winds. In the Indian Ocean flow Java Coastal Current and South Equatorial current. In the North of Papua mean flow of surface current flowing to westward which is part of the New Guinea Coastal Current. Seasonal current from modeling results indicate the direction of flow in the West Season from West to East, opposite the East season from East to West. Vertical structure current in the Java Sea and Strait Karimata flowing from surface to sea floor is relatively homogeneous, in relatively shallow waters that are still affected by seasonal current until the sea floor. Vertical structure current in the Makassar Strait, Banda Sea, and Indian Ocean there is a difference in the surface layer and thermocline layer, because it waters so that the seasonal current happend only on the surface and Arlindo that happend in the thermocline layer. Seasonal variation seen in the difference in surface temperature and salinity on the West and East season.
Keyword: structure vertical current., cycle of seasonal current, ROMS-AGRIF INDO03, Indonesian Sea, Armondo, Arlindo

Judul: Synthesis of Chicken Eggshells-Based β-Tricalcium Phosphate Bioceramics and Their Biocompatibility Test as A Tooth Filler
Abstrak: Preservation of alveolar bone following tooth extraction is an important step in dental practices before dental implant placement. This study reported synthesis of β-Tricalcium Phosphate (β-TCP) bioceramics and its biocompatibility test as a tooth filler to maintain the desired alveolar ridge dimension and stimulate the bone healing processes in the area of tooth loss. β-TCP bioceramics was resulted directly from precipitation of calcinated chicken eggshells as calcium source and phosphoric acid. The corresponding β-TCP was mixed with chitosan 2% to get β-TCP pellet for biocompatibility testing. Biocompatibility testing of β-TCP on lower incisor was performed in rabbits and sheep as animal model. In this study, the x-ray diffraction (XRD) profiles showed that 1000 oC calcinated chicken eggshells correspond to calcium oxide (CaO). There was also transformation phase of CaO into Ca(OH)2 observed after more than three months stored. The XRD profiles proved that obtained β-TCP bioceramics by precipitation has the same pattern with that of reference data base and commercial β-TCP. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra were completely consistent with the result of crystallization processes observed by XRD measurements. Moreover, the purity of the product shown by the atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) resulted in Ca/P ratio of 1.48 which was closed to that of standard β-TCP ceramics. The repeatable XRD peaks patterns and FTIR spectra obviously showed the sample reproducibility. Sheep’s alveolar socket that is filled with the corresponding β-TCP demonstrated the expected results. The x-ray radiograph of sheep’s jaw indicated no change on mesio-distal of the edentulous area. Moreover, the histological results were completely consistent with the x-ray radiograph and macroscopic result which is proved by the formation of new bone. In the contrary with sheep’s result, histological results showed no tooth growth on rabbit proved by the presence of lipid and collagen on the extraction site. This result did not correspond to the x-ray radiograph and macroscopic results that demonstrated the tooth growth and erupted tooth. It is clear that the corresponding β-TCP could minimize the bone loss and maintain the dimension of alveolar ridge.
Keyword: β-tricalcium phosphate, chicken eggshells, rabbit, sheep, tooth filler