Judul: The Implementation of Good Manufacturing Practices at MSME XYZ Bogor City
Abstrak: There are many Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) in Bogor, especially those producing processed food. Thus, these MSMEs have yet to implement Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) to produce processed food. Pasta is a food product made from semolina or durum wheat flour as main material and other food ingredients which go through an extrusion process to be molded into a certain shape and dried. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of GMP in MSME, which produces beef lasagna products, and assist them in implementing appropriate suggestions for improvement so that MSME can implement GMP properly. The research utilized interviews, observations, and evaluation of the implementation of GMP referring to the assessment form from the Decree of the Head of the POM Agency Number HK 02.02.1.2.01.22.63 of 2022. The analysis results produced during the GMP implementation improvement assistance at MSME XYZ showed an increase from a D (Poor) rating to an A (Very Good) rating. The originally found non-conformances were 14 minor non-conformances and 22 major non-conformances. After that, only one minor non-conformance founded. After this, MSME XYZ can continue to improve and apply GMP consistently to obtain IP-CPPOB.
Keyword: antagonistic activity, endophytic bacteria, extract, Thalassia hemprichii

Judul: Evaluation and Assistance in Improvement as well as Issuance of GMP Implementation License in MSMEs XYZ
Abstrak: Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) XYZ merupakan salah satu perusahaan di Kota Depok yang memproduksi pangan olahan frozen food, salah satunya adalah bakso daging. Di sisi lain, UMKM XYZ belum sepenuhnya menerapkan Cara Produksi Pangan Olahan yang Baik (CPPOB) dalam proses produksinya. Perusahaan yang menerapkan CPPOB akan menghasilkan produk pangan yang aman untuk dikonsumsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi dan memperbaiki penerapan CPPOB di UMKM XYZ serta membantu perusahaan dalam penerbitan izin penerapan CPPOB. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu analisis kesenjangan penerapan CPPOB dengan formulir checklist penilaian penerapan CPPOB, perbaikan penerapan CPPOB, dan penyusunan dokumen untuk penerbitan izin penerapan CPPOB. Evaluasi penerapan CPPOB UMKM XYZ sebelum perbaikan menunjukkan rating D (sangat kurang). Penyusunan dokumen sebagai syarat pendaftaran izin penerapan CPPOB telah dilakukan. Penerbitan izin penerapan CPPOB dilakukan melalui proses pendaftaran akun, pengajuan permohonan, dan proses penilaian oleh Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM). Terdapat perbedaan hasil setelah dilakukan perbaikan penerapan CPPOB menjadi rating B (baik). Pendampingan telah dilaksanakan hingga UMKM XYZ dinilai memenuhi persyaratan dan izin penerapan CPPOB UMKM XYZ telah diterbitkan oleh BPOM., The XYZ Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is one of the companies in Depok City that produces processed frozen foods, one of which is meatball. However, XYZ MSMEs have not fully implemented Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) in their production processes. Companies that implement GMP will produce food products that are safe for consumption. This study aims to evaluate and improve the implementation of GMP in XYZ MSMEs and assist the company in obtaining GMP Implementation Permit. The research methods used include the analysis of the gap in GMP implementation using a GMP implementation checklist, GMP implementation improvement, and document preparation for GMP Implementation Permit issuance. The evaluation of GMP implementation in XYZ MSMEs before improvement showed a rating of D (very poor). Document preparation as a requirement for GMP implementation permit registration has been completed. The issuance of GMP Implementation Permit is carried out through the account registration process, submission of application, and assessment process by the National Agency of Drug and Food Control (BPOM). There was a difference in results after the GMP implementation improvement, with a rating of B (good). Assistance has been provided until XYZ MSMEs are deemed to meet the requirements, and the GMP Implementation Permit for XYZ MSMEs has been issued by BPOM.
Keyword: GMP, MSME, Meatball, Evaluation

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
Keyword: