Judul: Efektivitas Minyak Biji Kamandrah (Croton tiglium) Dan Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas) Sebagai Larvasida, Anti- Oviposisi Dan Ovisida Nyamuk Aedes aegypti Dan Aedes albopictus
Abstrak: Aedes aegypti and A. albopictus mosquito is increasing problem of public health, being the vector responsible for dengue and chikungunya. Various effort have been done to control the mosquitoes both chemically and naturally. Croton tiglium and Jatropha curcas seed oil were known to posses insecticide activity against larval mosquito species. The study was aimed to examine effectiveness of C. tiglium seed oil and J. curcas seed oil as larvicidal, anti-oviposition, and ovicidal against A. aegypti and A. albopictus, and quantitative analysis of piperine achieved by spectrophotometer. C. tiglium seed oil possessed a significantly higher larvicidal activity against the 3th-4th instar larvae of A. aegypti and A. albopictus than J. curcas seed oil. The larval mortality was observed after 24 h of exposure. The LC50 value of C. tiglium seed oil and J. curcas seed oil were 769.52 ppm and 1366.07 ppm respectively, against A. aegypti and 707.78 ppm and 905.29 ppm respectively, against A. albopictus. There was a decrease in the number of eggs laid by A. aegypti and A. albopictus with C. tiglium and J. curcas oil (≤ 5% eggs) if compared to control (> 50% eggs). C. tiglium and J. curcas seed oil was effective on 0.4%-0.5% concentration so that could prevent the eggs from being hatched (> 90%). Quantitative analysis of C. tiglium and J. curcas by spectrophotometer revealed the presence of piperine were 0.0385% and 0.0054%. The content of C. tiglium was higher compared to J. curcas as proved by the value of LC50. The result of this study suggested that the C. tiglium and J. curcas oil posses insecticide properties that could be developed and used as natural insecticide for larval mosquito control.
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Judul: Identifikasi Senyawa Aktif Tanaman Kamandrah (Croton tiglium) dan Biji Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas) sebagai Larvasida Nabati Vektor Demam Berdarah Dengue
Abstrak: Telah dilakukan uji potensi larvasida nyamuk Aedes aegypti terhadap ekstrak air dan etanol dari daun kamandrah (Croton tiglium), batang kamandrah, biji kamandrah dan biji jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas), serta minyak kamandrah dan minyak jarak pagar. Ekstrak yang paling berpotensi diidentifikasi kandungan kimianya. Minyak kamandrah lebih berpotensi sebagai larvasida Aedes aegypti instar ke tiga di bandingkan dengan minyak jarak pagar, karena nilai LC50 minyak kamandrah lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan minyak jarak pagar. Nilai LC50 minyak kamandrah sebesar 769 ppm untuk 24 jam pengujian dan 384 ppm untuk 48 jam pengujian, sedangkan nilai LC50 minyak jarak pagar sebesar 1507 ppm untuk 24 jam pengujian dan 866 ppm untuk 48 jam pengujian. Ekstrak air dan etanol dari biji jarak pagar, daun kamandrah, batang kamandrah dan biji kamandrah tidak berpotensi sebagai larvasida. Identifikasi kandungan kimia dilakukan pada minyak kamandrah dan minyak jarak pagar dengan menggunakan GC-MS. Hasil analisa GC-MS diduga minyak kamandrah dan jarak pagar mengandung senyawa piperine dengan kemiripan library sebesar 83%-88%. Senyawa piperine adalah golongan alkaloid jenis piperidin yang biasa digunakan sebagai larvasida untuk nyamuk. Minyak kamandrah dan minyak jarak pagar dapat dikembangkan menjadi larvasida alami untuk mengontrol populasi nyamuk.
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Judul: Grup dan Homomorfisma Grup pada Rubik Revenge
Abstrak: Rubik cube is a kind of puzzle game. A player must arrange rubik sides, which have been disordered, back to the position where every side has the same colour. This paper does not focus on the settlement solution, but instead on proving the existence of a group homomorphism between rubik movement group and S96 symmetric permutation group in rubik revenge. Firstly, it has been proved that rubik movement set is a group. Then, it also has been proved that the M set, which contains numeric labels of 1 until 96 in cubinos sides, is S96 symmetric permutation group.
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