Judul: Studi Kasus di Desa Ciasmara, Kecamatan Pamijahan, Kabupaten Bogor, Provinsi Jawa Barat
Abstrak: The group of rich peasant, who has surplus income from agriculture, could invest the surplus in the business capital intensive, business that provides a relatively large income. Rich peasant have a large range of non-agricultural sources, which in turn gave establish the process of capital accumulation and investment of mutual support both agriculture and non agriculture among the rural elite. The process of capital accumulation rich peasant households in socio-economic field in daily life can be seen from the mechanism of surplus and investment of surplus farm households. The mechanism of surplus in this research saw the traditional land owners, modern land owners and entrepreneur land owners. This mechanism can be used as guidelines to explain the investment of surplus rice farming activities which the community predominantly livelihood is peasant. Furthermore the role of rich peasant in rural development are through resources and employment, technology transfer and institutional. From the rich peasant economic strategy in the accumulation of capital can be seen the type of rich peasant in the village.
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Judul: Strategi Penanggulangan Kemiskinan melalui Pengembangan Pertanian di Kabupaten Bogor (Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Pamijahan dan Leuwiliang)
Abstrak: Kabupaten Bogor merupakan bagian dari Propinsi Jawa Barat yang memiliki potensi sumberdaya alam pertanian untuk dikembangkan. Dengan luas wilayah sebesar 2.301 km2 dan jumlah penduduk mencapai 4,2 juta jiwa serta sebanyak 20,4 % penduduknya bermata pencaharian sebagai petani, seharusnya penduduk Kabupaten Bogor berada dalam kondisi yang sejahtera. Namun kenyataannya jumlah penduduk miskin di Kabupaten Bogor masih sangat besar yaitu lebih dari 1,1 juta jiwa atau sekitar 24,02% dari total jumlah penduduk. Dengan kondisi seperti diatas, maka perlu dilakukan suatu penelitian untuk membuat strategi penanggulangan kemiskinan melalui pengembangan pertanian di Kabupaten Bogor. Tujuan umum dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merumuskan strategi dan program penanggulangan kemiskinan melalui pengembangan pertanian di Kabupaten Bogor dengan tujuan khususnya antara lain : 1) Mengidentifikasi karakteristik dan kemampuan daya beli masyarakat miskin di Kabupaten Bogor; 2) Menganalisis hubungan antara tingkat kemiskinan dengan beberapa karakteristik rumah tangga miskin di Kabupaten Bogor; 3) Menganalisis komoditas pertanian unggulan di Kabupaten Bogor untuk penanggulangan kemiskinan; dan 4) Mengevaluasi kebijakan pemerintah dalam penanggulangan kemiskinan yang dilakukan di Kabupaten Bogor. Metode kajian yang digunakan untuk mendapatkan gambaran mengenai karakteristik kemiskinan dan kemampuan daya beli masyarakat serta mengevaluasi kebijakan pemerintah di Kabupaten Bogor menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kuantitatif, untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat kemiskinan dengan karakteristik RTM menggunakan analisis korelasi, untuk dapat mengetahui komoditas unggulan di Kabupaten Bogor menggunakan analisis LQ. Metode yang digunakan untuk merumuskan strategi alternatif penanggulangan kemiskinan adalah metode analisis SWOT dan untuk menentukan strategi prioritas digunakan metode QSPM.
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Judul: Durability of Specific Immunoglobulin (Ig) Y Againts Influenza and Covid-19 in Sunscreen
Abstrak: The benefit of specific immunoglobulin Y (Ig Y) as an active ingredient in personal care products such as sunscreen has not been properly studied. Our study aims to evaluate the reliability of specific IgY against influenza and the COVID-19 virus in a sample sunscreen product. Specific IgY influenza and COVID-19 viruses were inserted in the sample sunscreen at two concentrations of 0.1% and 0.25%. Three treatments were observed: control (C) sunscreen without IgY, treatment 1 (T1) sunscreen with 0.1% IgY, and treatment 2 (T2) sunscreen with 0.25% IgY. Organoleptic observations were carried out to monitor changes in aroma, color, and texture, and sunscreen sampling was done every week for 6 weeks. The durability of IgY was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a neutralization assay. Organoleptic observation from weeks 1 to 6 showed consistency in its aroma, color, and texture. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization assay (NA) results of the T1 and T2 groups showed negative results except for sample T1 at week 5, which showed a positive result in the Influenza A ELISA. Based on the results, it seems that IgY concentrations of 0.1% or 0.25% were not optimal. However, this negative result might be due to low concentration of the IgY and the presence of beeswax, which inhibits IgY and causes it to dissolve in distilled water, thus preventing it from being detected in the assay.
Keyword: Immunoglobulin Y, Sunscreen, Influenza, COVID-19, Biological Activity