Judul: Kualitas dan Efektivitas Vermikompos dari Feses Sapi Perah sebagai Pupuk Organik Padat
Abstrak: Vermikompos merupakan pupuk organik yang proses pengomposannya dibantu oleh cacing tanah. Vermikompos mampu memperbaiki struktur tanah, menyediakan air dan nutrisi, mengandung hormon pertumbuhan (auksin, giberelin, dan sitokinin) dan asam humat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis kualitas dan efektivitas vermikompos dari feses sapi perah sebagai pupuk organik padat pada pertumbuhan kangkung. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial (2 × 3) dengan 5 kali ulangan. Faktor pertama yaitu spesies cacing tanah (L. rubellus dan E. eugeniae) dan faktor kedua yaitu taraf vermikompos (0%, 10%, 20%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas produk vermikompos sudah memenuhi standar. Penggunaan vermikompos dapat meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang daun, lebar daun, diameter batang, warna daun, berat segar, dan berat kering dari I. reptans. Taraf vermikompos 10% merupakan taraf yang efektif untuk pertumbuhan I. reptans.
Keyword: E. eugeniae, I. reptans, L. rubellus, vermikompos

Judul: Optimasi Pemanfaatan Vermikompos dari Cacing Tanah  (Lumbricus rubellus) pada Tanaman Bayam Hijau (Amaranthus sp)
Abstrak: Vermikompos merupakan pupuk hasil pengomposan limbah organik dengan bantuan cacing tanah yang mampu menyuburkan tanah. Vermikompos memiliki keunggulan, yaitu bermanfaat bagi pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur efektifitas level vermikompos dari cacing (Lumbricus rubellus) terhadap tanaman bayam hijau. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial (4x3). Faktor A adalah level vermikompos (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%) berdasarkan media dan faktor B adalah pupuk anorganik (0%, 50%, 100%) berdasarkan rekomendasi masing-masing dengan 5 kali pengulangan. Kualitas produk vermikompos dari cacing tanah L. rubellus yang berasal dari kotoran sapi sudah memenuhi standart mutu pupuk organik padat. Level optimum untuk pertumbuhan tanaman bayam hijau (Amaranthus sp) adalah kombinasi level pemberian 10% vermikompos dan 50% pupuk anorganik. Penambahan pupuk vermikompos pada media tanaman mampu meningkatkan petumbuhan vegetatif tanaman yang meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, diameter batang, berat segar tanaman, berat segar akar, dan berat kering tanaman dari tanaman bayam hijau (Amaranthus sp)., Vermicompost is a fertilizer produced by composting organic waste with the help of earthworms that can fertilize the soil. Vermicompost has the measure of being beneficial for plant growth. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of vermicompost levels of worms (Lumbricus rubellus) against green spinach plants. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with a factorial pattern (4x3). Factor A is the level of vermicompost (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%) based on the media and factor B is inorganic fertilizer (0%, 50%, 100%) based on the recommendation each with 5 repetitions. The quality of vermicompost products from the earthworm L. rubellus derived from cow dung has met the quality standards of solid organic fertilizers. The optimum level for the growth of green spinach (Amaranthus sp) is a combination of 10% vermicompost and 50% inorganic fertilizer levels. The addition of vermicompost fertilizer to plant media was able to increase plant vegetative growth which included plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, stem diameter, plant fresh weight, root fresh weight, and plant dry weight of green spinach (Amaranthus sp).
Keyword: Effectiness of Vermicompost, Vermicompost Lumbricus rubellus, Green Spinach (Amaranthus sp)

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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