Judul: Species Composition and Stand Potential of Private Forests  in Kostajasa, Central Java Province
Abstrak: Hutan rakyat merupakan hutan yang diusahakan di lahan yang dibebani hak milik. Hutan rakyat ditanam dengan beberapa pola tanam, seperti monokultur, campuran, dan agroforestri. Masing-masing pola tanam memiliki komposisi jenis dan potensi tegakan yang berbeda-beda. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis komposisi jenis dan menghitung potensi tegakan di hutan rakyat Kostajasa. Analisis vegetasi dilakukan dengan kegiatan Inventarisasi Tegakan Sebelum Penebangan (ITSP). Metode ITSP yang digunakan adalah metode jalur berseling dengan jarak antar jalur 10 meter dan lebar jalur 10 meter. Lokasi penelitian ditetapkan di tiga hutan rakyat yang akan ditebang butuh oleh petani pemilik hutan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap semua tingkat pertumbuhan pohon. Variabel yang diukur meliputi jenis pohon, jumlah pohon, diameter, tinggi bebas cabang, dan tinggi total. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerapatan pada tingkat semai sebesar 3628 ind/ha, pancang 317 ind/ha, tiang 475 ind/ha, dan pohon 391 ind/ha. Jenis pohon yang memiliki potensi kayu tertinggi adalah mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla) dengan jumlah pohon sebesar 208 batang/ha dan volume kayu sebesar 204,48 m3/ha. Mahoni merupakan jenis dengan Indeks Nilai Penting tertinggi pada seluruh tingkat pertumbuhan pohon., Private forests are forests cultivated on land encumbered by property rights. Private forests are planted with several cropping patterns, such as monoculture, mixed cropping, and agroforestry. Each planting pattern has a different species composition and stand potential. This study aims to analyze species composition and calculate stand potential of private forests in Kostajasa. Vegetation analysis was carried out with pre-harvest inventory activities. The method used in pre-harvest inventory is the alternating path method, with a distance between paths of 10 meters and a path width of 10 meters. The research location were set in three private forests that would be cut as needed by farmers who owned the forests. Observations were made on the growth rate of trees. Variables measured included tree species, number of trees, diameter, commercial height, and total height. The study showed that the density of seedling was 3628 ind/ha, sapling 317 ind/ha, pole 475 ind/ha, and tree 391 ind/ha. The tree species with the highest timber potential is mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), with 208 trees/ha and a timber volume of 204,48 m3/ha. Mahogany is the species with the highest Importance Value Index at all growth rate of tree.
Keyword: analisis vegetasi, hutan rakyat, komposisi jenis, potensi tegakan

Judul: Techniques, Productivity, and Costs of Tree Felling in Private Forests Kostajasa, Central Java
Abstrak: Penebangan pohon di hutan rakyat memerlukan teknik yang tepat untuk meminimalkan kerusakan yang ditimbulkan dan sesuai dengan kondisi lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi teknik-teknik penebangan pohon, menghitung produktivitas, dan biaya penebangan di hutan rakyat Kostajasa. Penelitian ini dilakukan di empat lahan hutan rakyat di Kostajasa, yang mana setiap lahan dikerjakan oleh tim penebang yang berbeda. Pengukuran waktu kerja dilakukan menggunakan metode null stop. Produktivitas dihitung dengan membagi volume pohon berdiri dengan waktu kerja. Data biaya diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan tim penebang dan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknik penebangan yang digunakan di hutan rakyat Kostajasa adalah bervariasi, yaitu teknik tebang konvensional, teknik penebangan dengan bantuan tali, dan teknik tebang dengan pemangkasan dahan. Produktivitas penebangan di lahan 1, 2, 3, dan 4 berturut-turut adalah 2,9 m3/jam; 2,5 m3/jam; 8,9 m3/jam; dan 6,8 m3/jam. Biaya penebangan per unit untuk lahan 1, 2, 3, dan 4 berturut-turut sebesar Rp 22.435/m3; Rp 28.854/m3; Rp 7.987/m3; dan Rp 10.087/m3., Forest harvesting in private forests requires appropriate techniques to minimize the damage caused and suitable with local situations. This study aims to identify tree felling techniques, calculate productivity, and costs in the Kostajasa private forest. This study was conducted in four areas of the Kostajasa private forest, each of which was worked on by different team of loggers. Working time was measured using the null-stop method. Productivity was obtained through a comparison between the volume of standing tree and time of work produced. Costs were obtained from direct interviews with the felling team on each land. The results of the study show that the logging techniques used in Kostajasa private forests are varied, namely conventional logging techniques, logging techniques with the help of ropes, and cutting techniques with pruning branches. The productivity produced on land 1, 2, 3, and 4 is, respectively, 2,9 m3 /hour; 2,5 m3 /hour; 8,9 m3 /hour; and 6,8 m3 /hour. With the cost per unit used on land 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively, amounting to Rp 22.435/m3; Rp 28.854/m3; Rp 7.987/m3; and Rp 10.087/m3.
Keyword: cost, logging, private forests, productivity, working time

Judul: Studi Kasus Diagnosis Pencitraan Gangguan Saluran Pencernaan Atas Anjing Schnauze
Abstrak: The aim of this study was to learn the role of diagnostic imaging to define the diagnose of the upper gastrointestinal tract disorder of the Schnauzer. The information from the owner (anamneses) stated that the dog has been vomiting for a year, sometimes containing blood. There might also be a possibility that it had eaten a corpus alineum. This study case covered physical examination, hematology and blood chemical analysis, radiography, ultrasonography, and endoscopy performed. Physical examination showed weight loss and anorexia. Hematology and blood chemical analysis showed an increase in lymphocyte, haemoglobin (Hb), haemotocrit (Hct), ureum, creatinine, alanin aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Abdominal radiograph showed no abnormality in the abdominal organs. Abdominal ultrasonography showed a hyperechoic mass on the stomach mucosal surface. The mass forms an acoustic shadowing at the ventral. The acoustic shadowing in the stomach may be caused by an accumulation of gas or foreign object such as bone. Endoscopy showed that there was inconsistency of stomach mucosa surface, foamy bile fluid in the stomach, ulcers, and erosion of the stomach mucosal surface. Based on the endoscopy performed, the animal was clearly diagnosed with chronic gastritis accompanied by stomach ulcer and erosion.
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