Judul: The application of biplot and procrustes analyses on conservation assessment of non timber forest products in Africa
Abstrak: The Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFP) is all kinds of forest products except timber. NTFP is very important in forest conservation, because it can bring the stabilization of the over exploitation of Timber Forest Products (TFP). The Conservation Assessment is aimed at assessing the role of each NTFP case in forest conservation. This assessment relies on expert judgment. All NTFP cases are going to be compared with two kinds of land-use alternative, natural forest alternative and most realistic land use alternative. Biplot analysis shows which NTFP cases are characterized by the indicator of conservation (variables). The data on most NTFP cases shows positive values when compared to the most realistic land- use alternative. This indicates that the management of a land-use system is more intensive. Procrustes analysis shows the difference between two assessments on a different land-use system, the natural forest alternative and most realistic land-use system. The R² value of procrustes analysis 11.65%, shows that conservation assessment on natural forest alternative is very much different from conservation assessment on most realistic land-use alternative.
Keyword: Non Timber Forest Product (NTFP), Conservation Assessment, Biplot, Procrustes

Judul: Pemanfaatan Hasil Hutan Bukan Kayu di Hutan Mangrove Blok Bedul, Taman Nasional Alas Purwo, Provinsi Jawa Timur
Abstrak: Alas Purwo National Park (TNAP) is a conservation area that has a diversity of animals and natural habitats with various types of communities and has important values contained therein. This research was conducted at TNAP. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the types and utilization of Non-Timber Forest Product (NTFP), analyze the dynamics of NTFP utilization in the mangrove forest in the Bedul Block, and to identify and analyze the efficiency level of the trading channel through the trade channel, trade function, trade margin, profit ratio, and farmer's share. The research method used is literature study, field observations, and interviews using quantitative descriptive analysis to analyze trading efficiency by looking at trading margin, profit ratio, and farmer's share; qualitative descriptive analysis to identify the types and uses of NTFP, trade channels, trade functions, and the dynamics of NTFP management. The results showed that the types of NTFP used were teak grasshoppers, forest honey and mangrove honey. The use of NTFP in Bedul mangroves had occurred before the TNAP area was determined by utilizing secondary crops. Efforts made by TNAP managers are related to the use of NTFP such as community empowerment, special use of honey, and zoning changes. The most efficient trading system is located in channel first. This is caused by short channels, namely direct selling to consumers, high profit ratios, and high farmer's share.
Keyword: NTFP, TNAP, trade system

Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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