Judul: Identification of Pelagic Fish Schools in Bungus Waters, West Sumatra
Abstrak: Pelagic fish resources are one of the important marine fisheries resources in Indonesia which require the availability of information for sustainable use. One method that can be used to provide this information is the hydroacoustic method. This research aims to identify schools of fish by analyzing the relationship between acoustic independent variables of fish schools using a statistical analysis approach. Statistical analysis was carried out through multivariate analysis and correlation analysis of acoustic independent variables. The results obtained were 24 schools of fish with 2 data not used because they were extreme outliers and the largest type of fish caught was anchovies (Stolephorus sp.). The variables with the dominant influence on determining groups of fish schools are the variables height, area, Sa, and TS which divide 22 schools of fish into 2 groups, namely group 1 with 12 schools (54.6%) and group 2 with 10 schools (45.4%). Furthermore, the variables Sv and TS have a correlation with other variables even though TS has a relationship that tends to be more positive and stronger than Sv. This can be caused by variations in the values of the Sv variable which tend to be homogeneous.
Keyword: Identification, Bungus Waters, Fish Schooling, Hydroacoustics

Judul: A Hydroacoustic Study on Fish Schools Structure and Its Distribution in Bintuni Bay.
Abstrak: Metode hidroakustik digunakan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang b~ atau kejadian di dalam air dengan memancarkan gelombang suara (akustik) da'i?'menganalisis gema yang diterimanya. ~ Teluk Bintuni sebagai daerah penelitian termasuk perairan dangkal, tenang da: relatif homogen. Evaluasi dan pengkajian terhadap sumberdaya laut di Teluk Biiiuni yang pernah dilakukan selama ini lebih terfokus pada sumberdaya udang d~ sumberdaya ikan demers.al yang terdapat di perairan tersebut. Penelitian ini ber=ujuan untuk mem berikan informasi dan pengetahuan mengenai distribusi dan s4tur kelompok ikan di perairan Teluk Bintuni dengan menggunakan metode ak~tik bim ganda. ;- Penggambaran distribusi kelompok ikan dilakukan dengan cara mejpplotkan deviasi back scattered energy, pada garis lintang dan garis bujur area sutiei, kedalarnan, suhu, serta salinitas dengan bantuan s(?fiware Surfer. Pe~gambaran struktur kelompok ikan dilakukan dengan menganalisis deskriptor ak$tik dengan anal isis statistik, meliputi: analisis komponen utama, analisis ko~lasi kanonik, anal isis gerombol, dan analisis diskriminan. ::J Distribusi kelompok ikan di Teluk Bintuni berdasarkan waktu, garis bujur, gT lintang dan kedalaman tidak memperlihatkan suatu pola tertentu. Be~asarkan garis lintang dan garis bujur keberadaan kelompok ikan terClistribusi di bagian tengah teluk (132.5- 133.53 °BT) dan berdasarkan lapisan kedalaman distribusi kepadatan relatif kelompok ikan terkonsentrasi pada kedalaman 5-30 meter. Struktur kelompok ikan an tar waktu pengamatan kurang terindikasi melalui deskriptor batimetrik, tetapi lebih terindikasi melalui deskriptor morfometrik dan deskriptor energetik. Indikasi struktur kelompok ikan melalui deskriptor batimetrik, morfometrik, dan energetik antar waktu pengamatan memberikan informasi bahwa rata-rata kelompok ikan dilihat dari posisi pada koJom pcrairan bcrada pada lapisan alas, bcrbcntuk lonjong dcngan luas kclompok tel§jlong sempit, memiliki nilai reverberasi sedang, dan cenderung untuk tidak bealang ke dalam bentuk yang sama (bersifat acak).
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Judul: Gene Editing  of Two Cyanide Synthesis-related Genes in Cassava using CRISPR/Cas9
Abstrak: Cassava (Manihot esculenta) contain toxic quantities of cyanogenic glucoside. Reducing the potentially toxic cyanogenic glucoside levels in cassava could be achieved by gene editing through Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats – CRISPR associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9), a high- precision genome editing technique in plants. Two cassava UDP- glucosyltransferase (UGT) paralogs, UGT85K4 and UGT85K5, are the genes catalyzing the synthesis of cyanogenic glucosides in plants. The study aimed to construct the CRISPR/Cas9 recombinant vector carrying single guide RNA (sgRNA) to edit UGT85K4 and UGT85K5 genes, and transform sgRNA CRISPR/Cas9 construct into KU50 cassava calli. Five sgRNAs were designed, considering the on/off target efficiency score and GC content. Those sgRNAs were ligated into pRGEB32 plasmid and introduced to competent Escherichia coli DH5a. The PCR colony and DNA sequencing were performed to verify the sgRNA insert. The amplicons showed the expected band size of recombinant vector (180 bp). Based on sequencing results, only one sgRNA was successfully ligated into the plasmid that will be used to edit the UGT85K5 gene. The sgRNA CRISPR/Cas9 construct in pRGEB32 plasmid was successfully transformed into Agrobacterium tumefaciens and introduced into KU50 cassava calli through co-cultivation. The overgrowth of Agrobacterium occurred after the co-cultivation phase.
Keyword: CRISPR/Cas9, Cyanogenic glucoside, Gene editing, sgRNA