Judul: Fermentabilitas Rumen, Kecernaan Dan Performa Domba Dara Dengan Sumber Energi Karbohidrat Dan Lemak
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian sumber energi karbohidrat dan lemak pada ransum domba dara terhadap performa, kecernaan dan fermentabilitas rumen. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan mengunakan 3 perlakuan dengan 4 kali ulangan. Pakan dasar yang diberikan berupa rumput dan lacto B dengan perlakuan ransum yaitu P0= pakan dasar+jagung+susu skim, P1= pakan dasar + 4% minyak bunga matahari, P2= pakan dasar+4% minyak kelapa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tidak memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata terhadap Pertambahan Bobot Badan Harian (PBBH), kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan organik, pH rumen, populasi total bakteri rumen, konsentrasi VFA (volatile fatty acids) dan N-NH3 (Amonia), namun memberikan pengaruh nyata pada konsumsi bahan kering dan bahan organik serta populasi protozoa rumen. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian minyak bunga matahari dan minyak kelapa menurunkan konsumsi pakan dan populasi protozoa rumen namun tidak mempengaruhi performa dan fermentasi rumen secara umum.
Keyword: domba dara, kecernaan, mikroba rumen, sumber energi

Judul: Fermentabilitas Rumen Domba yang Diberi Pakan Flushing dengan Suplementasi Minyak Lemuru dan Minyak Sawit
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efek dari pemberian minyak kelapa sawit dan minyak lemuru terhadap profil fermentabilitas rumen domba. Penelitian ini menggunakan 20 ekor domba berumur 12-14 bulan. Rancangan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan domba sebanyak 20 ekor dengan 4 perlakuan. Tiap perlakuan terdiri atas 5 ekor domba sebagai ulangan. Pengelompokkan didasarkan pada rataan bobot hidup domba. Ransum terdiri dari rumput dan konsentrat dengan perbandingan 30:70, P1= rumput+konsentrat kontrol, P2= rumput+konsentrat flushing mengandung 6% minyak kelapa sawit, P3= rumput+konsentrat flushing mengandung 3% minyak lemuru dan 3% minyak sawit, P4= rumput+konsentrat flushing mengandung 6% minyak lemuru. Data yang diperoleh diuji dengan ANOVA (Analysis of Variance), untuk analisis ANOVA yang mendapatkan hasil berbeda nyata (P<0.05), diuji lanjut Duncan. Parameter pada penelitian ini meliputi nilai pH, VFA(volatile fatty acid) total, NH3 (ammonia), protozoa total dan bakteri total. Hasil menujukkan pemberian perlakuan tidak memberikan efek yang signifikan terhadap nilai pH, VFA total, NH3 (ammonia), protozoa dan bakteri toral rumen. Nilai pH (6.54-6.86), VFA total (70.31-80.43 mM), NH3 (10.97-14.64 mM), populasi protozoa (5.23-5.43 log sel ml-1) yang dihasilkan akibat pemberian suplementasi minyak lemuru dan minyak sawit berada dalam kisaran normal, namun hasil yang didapatkan untuk bakteri total lebih rendah daripada rentang normal, yaitu sebesar 4.71-5.5 log cfu ml-1. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian minyak lemuru dan minyak sawit pada level 6% dalam pakan domba tidak memberikan efek negatif terhadap profil fermentabilitas rumen domba.
Keyword: fermentabilitas rumen, flushing, mikroba rumen, minyak lemuru, minyak sawit

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite