Judul: Formulasi dan Uji Efikasi Serum Wajah dengan Bahan Aktif Hidrolisat Kolagen Ikan Kakap (Lutjanus sp.).
Abstrak: Hidrolisat kolagen ikan dapat meningkatkan kelembaban kulit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan formula serum wajah dengan bahan aktif hidrolisat kolagen ikan kakap dan karakterisasinya. Formula serum wajah mengandung hidrolisat kolagen ikan kakap dengan konsentrasi 0%, 1%, 2%, dan 3% (b/v). Serum dianalisis dengan metode sensori untuk menentukan formula terpilih. Serum terpilih dikarakterisasi pH, viskositas, uji tempel, uji efikasi, dan uji keamanan mikrobiologis setelah penyimpanan 18 bulan. Serum terpilih yaitu formula yang mengandung 3% hidrolisat kolagen ikan kakap. Karakteristik serum wajah terpilih memiliki pH 5, viskositas 23.9±0.4 cP, dan tidak menimbulkan iritasi serta reaksi alergen. Serum terpilih meningkatkan kadar air dan menurunkan kadar minyak pada responden berusia 24 tahun dan mampu mempertahankan kelembaban kulit responden berusia 40 tahun. Angka lempeng total dan angka kapang serta khamir setelah penyimpanan selama 18 bulan adalah ≤ 1x102 cfu. Hal ini sesuai dengan standar BPOM.
Keyword: hidrolisat kolagen, kelembaban kulit, serum

Judul: Uji Stabilitas Fisik dan Praklinis Face Toner Berbasis Kolagen dari Kulit Ikan Kakap Merah (Lutjanus sp.) dan Kitosan
Abstrak: Ikan kakap merupakan salah satu jenis ikan komersil yang banyak diekspor dalam bentuk fillet. Perusahaan fillet ikan kakap merah banyak menghasilkan limbah padat seperti kulit, sisik, jeroan dan tulang yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku kolagen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan karakteristik kolagen dari kulit ikan kakap merah (Lutjanus sp.), menentukan stabilitas fisik face toner kolagen dan kitosan, dan menentukan efek iritasi face toner berbasis kolagen dan kitosan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tiga tahap yaitu produksi dan karakterisasi kolagen dari kulit ikan kakap merah (Lutjanus sp.), tahap pembuatan sediaan face toner, dan tahap uji stabilitas fisik serta uji praklinis (iritasi) face toner terhadap tikus putih jantan galur Sprague- Dawley. Hasil penelitian diperoleh rendemen kolagen yaitu 7.9% (bk) dengan pH 6.93. Komposisi asam amino yang paling dominan adalah glisina 11.33 g/100g. Toner memiliki pH dan viskositas yang stabil. Penyimpanan suhu rendah lebih baik daripada penyimpanan suhu ruang. Sediaan toner tidak menyebabkan iritasi. Sediaan toner stabil pada perubahan suhu ekstrim (±4 oC dan ±40 oC) dan tidak terjadi pemisahan fase.
Keyword: Iritasi, kulit ikan, pembersih wajah, Sprague-Dawley

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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