Judul: Captive Breeding Management and Animal Welfare Level of Sumatran Orangutan (Pongo abelii) in Taman Safari Indonesia Bogor
Abstrak: Orangutan sumatera (Pongo abelii) merupakan salah satu satwa dilindungi dan dikategorikan sebagai satwa yang terancam punah (Critically endangered). Keberadaan orangutan Sumatera terus terancam seiring bertambahnya konversi habitat, perburuan, dan perdagangan. Taman Safari Indonesia merupakan salah satu Lembaga yang melakukan konservasi dan pemanfaatan orangutan sumatera secara ex situ. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan teknik pemeliharaan, pemanfaatan orangutan sumatera, dan mengukur tingkat kesejahteraan orangutan sumatera. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan metode observasi lapang dan wawancara. Perhitungan tingkat kesejahteraan satwa dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode pembobotan nilai pada lima aspek kesejahteraan satwa. Teknik pemeliharaan pada aspek perkandangan, pakan, kesehatan, reproduksi, dan sumber daya manusia dilaksanakan dengan baik. Pemanfaatan orangutan sumatera yaitu sebagai objek wisata. Tingkat kesejahteraan orangutan sumatera di Taman Safari Indonesia Bogor termasuk kedalam kategori sangat baik, dengan nilai kesejahteraan sebesar 94,49 menurut pengelola dan sebesar 90,78 menurut peneliti., Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii) is a protected primate and categorized as a Critically Endangered species. The existence of the sumatran orangutan is seriously threatened due to habitat conversion, hunting, and trading. Taman Safari Indonesia is one of the institutions that carries out ex situ conservation and utilization of Sumatran orangutans. This research aims to describe the captive breeding management techniques, utilization of Sumatran orangutan, and measure the animal welfare of sumatran orangutans. The methods used were direct observation and interview methods. The animal welfare scores were calculated by the value of the five domains of animal welfare. Captive breeding management in the aspects of housing, feed, health, reproduction and human resources are implemented well. The use of Sumatran orangutans is as a tourist attraction. The level of sumatran orangutans welfare in Taman Safari Indonesia Bogor is classified as a very good category, with a welfare score of 94,49 according to the management and a welfare score of 90,78 according to the researcher.
Keyword: Orangutan Sumatera, Teknik Pemeliharaan, Tingkat Kesejahteraan Satwa

Judul: Teknik Pemeliharaan dan Tingkat Kesejahteraan Owa jawa (Hylobates moloch) di Taman Safari Indonesia Bogor
Abstrak: Penurunan populasi owa jawa di alam semakin meningkat sehingga diperlukan adanya konservasi eksitu. Taman Safari Indonesia Bogor merupakan salah satu lembaga konservasi eksitu yang berkomitmen dalam penerapan prinsip kesejahteraan satwa. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji teknik pemeliharaan, menilai tingkat kesejahteraan, dan mengkaji pemanfaatan owa jawa di Taman Safari Indonesia Bogor. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kandang penangkaran owa jawa yang berada di Taman Safari Indonesia pada Mei 2023. Metode yang digunakan yaitu pengamatan, pengukuran, wawancara, dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknik pemeliharaan (perkandangan, pakan, kesehatan, reproduksi, dan Sumber Daya Manusia) sudah sangat baik, namun tetap perlu adanya perbaikan terkait dengan adanya asap rokok dan perlunya penambahan variasi jenis pakan yang diberikan. Tingkat kesejahteraan owa jawa yang berada di dua penangkaran masuk dalam klasifikasi sangat baik dengan nilai kesejahteraan satwa di Penangkaran Penangkaran Burung sebesar 93,06 dan Penangkaran Rumah Dua sebesar 92,96. Pemanfaatan owa jawa yang berada di Taman Safari Indonesia Bogor dilakukan untuk rencana kegiatan pelepasliaran., The decline in the Javan gibbon population in nature is increasing so that ex situ conservation is needed. Taman Safari Indonesia Bogor is one of the ex-situ conservation organizations committed to implementing the principles of animal welfare. This study aims to examine maintenance techniques, assess the level of well-being, and evaluate the utilization of the Javan gibbon in Taman Safari Indonesia Bogor. This research was conducted in the Javan gibbon captivity at Taman Safari Indonesia in May 2023. The methods used were observation, measurement, interviews, and literature study. The results showed that maintenance techniques (housing, feed, health, reproduction, and human resources) were very good, but improvements were still needed due to the presence of cigarette smoke and the need to add variations in the type of feed given. The welfare level of the Javan gibbon in two captives is classified as very good with an animal welfare value in Bird Breeding captivity of 93.06 and Rumah Dua captivity of 92.96. The use of the Javan gibbon in Taman Safari Indonesia Bogor is carried out for planned release activities.
Keyword: Owa jawa, pemanfaatan, teknik pemeliharaan, tingkat kesejahteraan

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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