Judul: Analisis Bioekonomi Pengelolaan dan Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Ikan Teri (Stolephorus sp.) di Perairan Kabupaten Asahan, Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Abstrak: Anchovy is one of important pelagic species produced in Asahan Regency. Anchovy production not only to supply local needs, but also it has been exported to neighboring countries. Based on the analysis of the declining of achovy production showed that there is problem in resource management. The objectives of this research were to study proper anchovy resource management in the Asahan sea. Analytical approaches were used bioeconomic and variance analyses. Bioeconomic analysis using Gordon-Schaefer model approach obtained the actual catchment condition (h) is 725.94 tons/year, effort (E) 947.22 trips/year and the economic rent of Rp 12,648,510,194/year. Catch of MSY level (h) is 1,200.92 tons/year, effort (E) 834.96 trips/year and the economic rent of Rp 22,951,655,440/year. Catch of MEY level (h) is 1,198.41 tons/year, effort (E) 796.75 trips/year and economic rent of Rp 23,004,560,220/year. Current exploitation rate has exceeded sustainable levels of optimal exploitation both in terms of MSY or MEY which lead to overfishing. Based on the estimation of degradation and depreciation rate, the anchovy resource in the Asahan sea has not been degradated and depreciated. This is indicated by the value of degradation and depreciation rate coefficient are 0.27774 and 0.28790. The factors that significantly correlated with fishers perception to anchovy resource are fishing gears, government programs, and the environment are the education levels, fishing experience, and the participation in fisher's organizations. Anchovy resource management can be directed toward MEY conditions to obtain the maximum benefit, but this policy has an impact on the reduction of labor. In order to absorb the larger employment and the sustainability of resource, the resource management policy is directed toward MSY level by reducing fishing gears as much 112,26 units anchovy purse seine from the current level of exploitation. This policy must be supported by clear rule/ regulations and continuous monitored by all parties.
Keyword: North Sumatera, management, bioeconomic, Asahan, anchovy

Judul: Analisis Bioekonomi Untuk Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Ikan tembang (Sardinella fimbriata) yang Didaratkan Di TPI Blanakan, Subang, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Fringescale sardinella (Sardinella fimbriata) is a small pelagic fish which has economically important. The purpose of this study is to find out the economic aspects condition of the Fringescale sardinella (Sardinella fimbriata) population from the Bay of Banten. The models used in this study were Schaefer, Fox, Walter Hilborn, CYP, and Schnute surplus production models. Walter Hilborn models had a highest coefficient of determination (R2) value than the others surplus production models. This coefficient of determination (R2) value model was 69%, with maximum sustainability yield (MSY) was 171 940 kg/year and its effort (Fmsy) was 142 trip/year. Bioeconomic analysis of MEY was 171 095 kg/year and Fmey was 132 trip/year. Bioeconomic analysis showed that Factual value greater than Fmsy and Fmey. It indicate that Fringescale sardinella has been in overfishing condition economically. The better management regime is a regime management of MEY because it gets a catch effort and Total Cost that was smaller and larger profit than management of MSY and oppen access. As plan for fish management for Fringescale sardinella in TPI Blanakan are controlling the catches effort.
Keyword: TPI Blanakan, overfishing, Fringescale sardinella, surplus production models, bioeconomic analysis

Judul: Closed Knight’s Tour pada Papan Catur Berbentuk Persegi Panjang dengan Ukuran Maksimal 8 × 8
Abstrak: Closed Knight’s Tour merupakan langkah kuda yang mengunjungi setiap kotak pada papan catur tepat satu kali dengan langkah kuda berawal dan berakhir pada kotak yang sama. Graf yang terbentuk dari closed knight’s tour dinotasikan sebagai graf G(m,n), dengan m adalah banyaknya baris dan n adalah banyaknya kolom. Graf tersebut memuat Hamiltonian cycle. Sebuah graf terhubung G adalah graf bipartite jika dan hanya jika graf tersebut tidak memiliki cycle dengan panjang ganjil. Papan catur yang memenuhi syarat cukup untuk memiliki closed knight’s tour adalah papan catur berukuran 5 × 6, 5 × 8, 6 × 6, 6 × 7, 6 × 8, 7 × 8, dan 8 × 8.
Keyword: bipartite, closed knight’s tour, hamiltonian cycle, knight’s tour, teori graf