Judul: Delignifikasi limbah tanaman jagung menggunakan kalsium hidroksida
Abstrak: Sejak tahun 90-an, lignoselulosa mulai gencar untuk dijadikan sumber energi oleh para peneliti dunia. Di Indonesia, sebenarnya potensi untuk pengembangan bahan ini cukup baik jika ditinjau dari kebutuhan energi. Di samping itu, ketersediaan bahan tersebut cukup melimpah, salah satunya adalah LTJ (limbah tanaman jagung) yang jumlahnya diperkirakan 18.9x1013 ton/tahun. Meskipun lignoselulosa cukup melimpah, pemanfaatannya memerlukan perlakukan khusus karena strukturnya yang kompleks antara selulosa, hemiselulosa, dan lignin. Berbagai perlakukan telah dikembangkan, baik secara fisik, biologi, maupun kimia. Salah satu perlakuan adalah delignifikasi dengan Ca(OH)2 untuk meminimalkan kerusakan selulosa dan hemiselulosa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan Ca(OH)2, penambahan air, temperatur pemanasan, dan lama pemanasan pada delignifikasi. serta mencari kondisi terbaik pada proses delignifikasi limbah tanaman jagung dengan Ca(OH)2. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa hanya perlakuan temperatur yang memiliki pengaruh nyata terhadap proses delignifikasi, sedangkan penambahan Ca(OH)2, penambahan air, dan lama pemanasan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap proses delignifikasi. Pada rentang yang diuji telah terdeteksi adanya kurvatur, dan diperoleh persamaan : LR * = − 0.24197 + 0.007951 x3 – 5.3∙10-5 x3 2. Kondisi terbaik proses ini diperkirakan ada pada suhu 74.6 oC, dengan susut lignin sebesar 0.055 g/g LTJ, tingkat delignifikasi 0.25, dan tingkat selektivitas delignifikasi 0.40.
Keyword: Lime delignification, Corn stover, Delignification selectivity, Bogor Agricultural University, Institut Pertanian Bogor, IPB

Judul: Delignifikasi Limbah Tanaman Jagung Menggunakan Kalsium Hidroksida.
Abstrak: Since the 90’s, lignocelluloses began aggressively to become a source of energy by researcher of the world. In Indonesia, the actual potential for the development of this material is quite good if viewed from its energy needs. In addition, the supply for this material is relatively abundant, one of which is corn stover. The production of corn stover is about 18.9x1013 ton/year. Although, lignocellulose is relatively abundant, its utilization requires special treatment because of the complex structure of celluloses, hemicelluloses, and lignins. Various treatments have been developed included physical, biological, or chemical. One of the treatments is delignification with lime to minimize damage to the celluloses and hemicelluloses. This study aims to determine the effect of lime addition, water addition, heating temperature, and heating time on delignification, and to find the best condition in the delignification process of corn stover with lime. The experimental result shows that significant factor in delignification is heating temperature, whereas lime addition, water addition, and heating time did not have significant influence in delignification. In the tested range also has detected the existence of curvature, and obtained the equation: LR * = − 0.24197 + 0.007951 x3 – 5.3∙10-5 x3 2. The best condition of this process is estimated at 74.6 oC, with lignin removal is 0.055 g/g corn stover, delignification level is 0.25, and delignification selectivity is 0.40.
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Judul: Distribution and Diversity of Ectoparasite Mites on Geckos in Indonesia
Abstrak: Data on the diversity and dispersal of parasitic mites on house geckos in Indonesia are very scarce. In this work, the distribution and diversity of mites living on three species of house geckos, namely Cosymbotus platyurus, Hemidactylus frenatus, and H. garnotii collected throughout Indonesia, has been elaborated. Geckos and mites were captured and immediately preserved in 70% ethanol. Whole mount of the mites was prepared by clearing in lactophenol followed by mounting on polyvinyl lactophenol solutions. The SEM preparation was conducted to examine the detail morphological characters of the mites. The results showed that among 448 individuals of geckos, 221 geckos were infected by Geckobia mites. Prevalences of C. platyurus, H. frenatus, and H. garnotii infested by mites were 14.8%, 50.69%, and 79.6%, respectively. Three different spesies of Geckobia (G1, G2, and G3) could be differentiated; and based on similarities of their morphological characters to ones described in published literatures, Geckobia G2 is Geckobia glebosum and Geckobia G3 is Geckobia bataviensis while G1 could not be identified to the species level. The highest mean intensity of Geckobia G1 infestation was found on H. garnotii (I=7.0), G. glebosum infestation on H. frenatus (I=3.5), and G. bataviensis infestation on H. garnotii (I=11.8). In general, C. platyurus was infested by the least number of mites. Geckobia G1 were found living on the skin folds on the claws, G. glebosum were found mainly on the body and thigh, and G. bataviensis were found on almost all parts of the host’s body. Geckobia mites are distributed randomly throughout Indonesian Archipelago, following the pattern of distribution of their hosts. So it is concluded that Geckobia G1, G. glebosum, and G. bataviensis are sympatric.
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