Judul: Relationship of The Dynamics and Role of Group with Capacity of Farmers as Rice Seed Breeders in East Lampung
Abstrak: Upaya pemerintah mewujudkan swasembada pangan perlu didukung sumber daya petani, sarana (benih) dan prasarana, serta kelompok tani. Kelompok tani dapat berperan sebagai kelas belajar, wadah kerjasama, unit produksi dan unit pemasaran hasil dalam mewujudkan swasembada pangan misalnya menyediakan benih unggul bermutu. Penelitian bertujuan untuk: (1) menganalisis dinamika kelompok tani, peran kelompok tani dan kapasitas petani penangkar benih di Kabupaten Lampung Timur; (2) menganalisis hubungan karakteristik anggota kelompok tani dengan dinamika dan peran kelompok di Kabupaten Lampung Timur; (3) menganalisis hubungan dinamika dan peran kelompok tani dengan kapasitas petani penangkar benih sumber di Kabupaten Lampung Timur; (4) menganalisis hubungan dinamika kelompok tani dengan peran kelompok tani penangkaran benih di Kabupaten Lampung Timur; dan (5) merumuskan strategi meningkatkan kapasitas petani penangkar benih melalui optimalisasi peran kelompok tani dan dinamika kelompok tani., Government effort to bring food self sufficiency into reality needs to be supported by farmers as human resources, means (seed) and infrastructure, and farmer groups. A farmer group could serve as learning class, cooperative unit, production unit, and marketing unit in achieving food self sufficiency, such as providing superior seed quality. This study aimed to: (1) analyse the dynamics of farmer groups, role of farmer groups, dan capacity of farmers as rice seed breeders in East Lampung Regency; (2) analyse the relationship of farmer group’s characteristics with the dynamics and the role of farmer group in East Lampung Regency; (3) analyse the relationship of the dynamics and the role of farmer group with the capacity of farmers as rice seed breeder in East Lampung Regency; (4) analyze the relationship between the dynamics of farmer group and the role of farmer as seed breeder in East Lampung regency; and (5) formulate a strategy to increase the capacity of farmers as seed breeders by optimizing the role and the dynamics of farmer group.
Keyword: capacity, group dynamics, role of group, seed breeder

Judul: Farmer’s participation to increase the capacity of famers’ institution (case on Farmers’ Group at Province of Central Java)
Abstrak: The capacity of farmers’ group institutions are needed to promote agricultural development, in globalization economic era. Economic indicators, agricultural infrastructures, and government policy often cause small farmer to economically and socially marginalized. Farmers with small size land ownership, marginal rate of return in agriculture sector, agriculture policy which nonalignment to farmer make more difficult to increase their income. On the other side, farmers’ group institutions which are expected be able to strengthen the farmer position face the problems of mismanagement or less effective in improve famers’ livelihood condition. The objectives of the research are to: (1) Identify the degree of member participation in farmers’ group institution, and level of the capacity of farmer group’s institute in managing agriculture resources collectively; (2) Identify and explain various factors affect member participation in farmers’ group institution; (3) Identify and explain various factors affect the capacity of farmes’ group institution; and (4) Formulate an appropriate strategy in capacity building of farmers’ group institution. The data were collected at three district of Center Java Province, namely: Klaten, Grobogan, and Karanganyar. Data obtained through interview by 405 respondents whose members of farmers’ group institutions, 48 local leaders, and informans others. The results show that capacity of farmers’ group institution is still at medium category. Capacity of farmers’ group institution was directly influenced by level of members’ participation in farmer groups’ institution, capacities level of farmer, and dynamic level of learning group. Social economical status (formal education, non-formal education, farmers’ experience in work, famers’ income, famers’ needs, social participation, and learning experience), local leadership, intensity of outsiders’ role, the support of extension were indirectly influenced to the capacity of farmers’ group institution through dynamic of learning group, participation in farmers’ group institution, and farmers’ capacities.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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