Judul: Observation Trial of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) IPB Plant Breeding Genotypes for Variety Release
Abstrak: Ketersediaan varietas unggul bunga matahari (Helianthus annuus L.) masih sangat rendah di Indonesia. Pemuliaan tanaman merupakan salah satu cara untuk mengembangkan varietas dengan karakter yang diinginkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan meneliti karakter unggul dua genotipe bunga matahari hasil pemuliaan dan mengamati karakter kuantitatif dan kualitatifnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Januari hingga Juni 2021 di Kebun Percobaan Lewikopo IPB, Bogor. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) dengan faktor tunggal yaitu genotipe tanaman yang terdiri atas dua genotipe yang diuji yaitu genotipe Kanigara dan genotipe Helina dan dua genotipe pembanding yaitu genotipe IPB BM1 dan genotipe Texas Lemon. Hasil analisis ragam keempat genotipe bunga matahari menunjukkan bahwa genotipe berpengaruh sangat nyata pada seluruh karakter kuantitatif kecuali diameter bunga tabung pada bunga sekunder dan panjang biji. Genotipe Helina memiliki umur berbunga dan umur panen yang nyata lebih cepat, jumlah bunga di cabang yang nyata lebih banyak dibandingkan genotipe pembanding IPB BM1. Genotipe Helina memiliki ciri khas warna bunga pita kuning dan biji berwarna hitam tanpa strip. Genotipe Kanigara memiliki produktivitas biji dan bobot 100 biji yang nyata lebih tinggi dibandingkan genotipe pembanding dan bijinya berwarna coklat dengan strip., The availability of superior variety of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is still very low in Indonesia. Plant breeding is one way to develop varieties with the desired character. This study aimed to examine the superior characters of two genotypes of sunflowers from breeding treatment and to observe their quantitative and qualitative characters. This research was conducted from January to June 2021 at the Lewikopo Experimental Field, IPB, Bogor. The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Group Design with a single factor, namely plant genotype. This plant genotype is consisted of two genotypes tested, the Kanigara genotype and Helina genotype, and two comparison genotypes, the IPB BM1 genotype and Texas Lemon genotype. The results of the analysis of variance of the four sunflower genotypes showed that the genotype had a very significant effect on all quantitative characters except the diameter of disk florets in secondary flowers and seed length. The Helina genotype had a significantly faster flowering age and harvesting age, significantly higher number of flowers on the branch than the comparison genotype IPB BM1. The Helina genotype has typical characteristics namely yellow ray florets and black seeds without stripes. The Kanigara genotype has significantly higher yield and weight of 100 seeds than the comparison genotype and has brown seed with stripes.
Keyword: sunflower, plant breeding, qualitative character, quantitative character, superior variety

Judul: Evaluation of Melon Genotypes (Cucumis melo L.) for Breeding New Hybrid Varieties
Abstrak: Indonesia merupakan negara produsen serta konsumen buah melon (Cucumis melo L.), tetapi impor benih melon dari luar negeri masih cukup besar. Hal tersebut membuka peluang pemulia tanaman untuk merakit varietas hibrida unggul. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari karakteristik beberapa genotipe melon dan memilih genotipe potensial untuk materi perakitan varietas hibrida baru. Genotipe yang digunakan ialah enam genotipe dari koleksi Pusat Kajian Hortikultura Tropika (PKHT) IPB (IPB G1, IPB G30, IPB G41, IPB 240, IPB 283, Glamour-S1), tiga galur inbrida PKHT IPB (IPB M13, IPB M23, IPB M21), dan satu varietas pembanding (Alisha F1). Genotipe yang memiliki potensi sebagai materi pemuliaan adalah IPB G1, IPB 240, IPB G41, dan Glamour-S1. Genotipe IPB G1 dan IPB 240 memiliki keunggulan penampakan buah menarik. Genotipe IPB G41 memiliki kandungan padatan terlarut total yang tinggi dan rasanya sangat manis. Genotipe Glamour-S1 memiliki keunggulan penampakan buah menarik serta buah yang besar. Karakter bobot buah berkorelasi positif dengan diameter buah dan panjang buah. Kandungan PTT berkorelasi positif dengan umur panen., Indonesia is a melon producing as well as consuming country, yet unfortunately, the amount and value of seed import is still high. This opens an opportunity for plant breeders to develop improved hybrid varieties. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of several melon genotypes and to select potential genotypes as breeding materials for obtaining improved hybrid varieties. The genotypes used were six genotypes from a collection of the Center for Tropical Horticulture Studies (PKHT), IPB University (IPB G1, IPB G30, IPB G41, IPB 240, IPB 283, Glamour-S1), three inbred lines from PKHT IPB (IPB M13, IPB M23, IPB M21), and one commercial hybrid variety as a check (Alisha F1). Four potential melon genotypes for breeding materials are IPB G1, IPB 240, IPB G41, and Glamour-S1. IPB G1 and IPB 240 had an attractive fruit appearance. IPB G41 had a high total soluble solids content, while Glamour S1 had a large and attractive fruit appearance. Fruit weight was positively correlated with fruit diameter and fruit length. Total soluble solids was positively correlated with days to harvest.
Keyword: Genetic diversity, Melon breeding, Potential genotypes

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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