Judul: Formulasi Body Scrub dari Ampas Kopi
Abstrak: Ampas kopi merupakan hasil samping dari ekstraksi kopi. Jumlah ampas kopi meningkat seiring dengan pertumbuhan bisnis kedai kopi. Ampas kopi mengandung senyawa penting seperti antioksidan dan abrasiver yang berfungsi sebagai anti penuaan dini sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pembuatan body scrub. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan produk body scrub ampas kopi dengan formulasi terbaik. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial (RALF) 3 kali ulangan dengan dua faktor, yaitu persentase scrub (1%-5%) dan variasi rasio bobot ampas kopi dan tepung beras (1:0-1:1) dan produk terbaik ditentukan dengan pembobotan termodifikasi. Produk terbaik dihasilkan dari formulasi persentase scrub 5% serta rasio bobot ampas kopi dan tepung beras 1:0. Produk hasil formulasi tersebut memiliki nilai akhir pembobotan 3.78 dengan nilai stabilitas emulsi 77.48%, pH 7.24, angka lempeng total 3.27x102, dan total fenolik 47.28 mg GAE/100 g ekstrak. Berdasarkan penelitian, ampas kopi dapat menghasilkan body scrub bermutu baik dengan umur simpan 9 bulan serta disukai 80% panelis.
Keyword: Ampas kopi, body scrub, formulasi

Judul: Pemanfaatan Ampas Kopi sebagai Scrubbing Agent Sabun dengan Pendekatan Riset Aksi
Abstrak: Ampas kopi adalah hasil samping dari ekstraksi kopi. Ampas kopi mudah didapatkan dan sering menjadi masalah bagi pemilik kedai kopi seiring dengan bertambahnya kedai kopi, namun kurang atau bahkan tidak memanfaatkan ampasnya. Ampas kopi mengandung senyawa penting seperti antioksidan dan abrasiver yang berfungsi sebagai anti penuaan dini sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pembuatan sabun scrub. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (i) merancang produk sabun scrub ampas kopi dari limbah kedai kopi, dan (ii) merancang model bisnis produk sabun scrub ampas kopi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekan riset aksi yang terdiri atas pembuatan hipotesis model bisnis, tes permasalahan, perancangan produk, tes solusi, dan verifikasi model bisnis. Wawancara dilakukan kepada pemilik kedai kopi dan konsumen untuk tes permasalahan. Permasalahan utama dari pemilik kedai adalah mencari alternatif pemanfaatan ampas kopi sesuai manfaatnya pada kulit. Solusi yang ditawarkan yaitu produk sabun scrub dengan fitur wangi, menarik, dan harga terjangkau.
Keyword: ampas kopi, riset aksi, sabun scrub, model bisnis

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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