Judul: Pengembangan Produk Sereal Sarapan Siap Santap Berbasis Sorghum
Abstrak: Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench merupakan tanaman serealia yang tergolong dalam famili Graminae. Tanaman lain yang tergolong famili Graminae antara lain padi, jagung, tebu, gandum, dan barley. Sorghum memiliki istilah yang berbedabeda tiap daerah. Sebagai contoh, sorghum dikenal dengan nama ’cantel’ di Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Timur, ’jagung cantrik’ di daerah Jawa Barat, dan ’batara tojeng’ di Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan produk sereal sarapan berbasis sorghum dalam rangka turut mendukung program diversifikasi pangan Sasaran dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan formulasi sereal sarapan pagi berbasis sorghum yang paling disukai konsumen sehingga dapat dijadikan suatu model untuk pengembangan produk pangan non-beras/ non-gandum di Indonesia. Bentuk sereal sarapan yang akan dikembangkan adalah minuman sereal sarapan siap santap. Penelitian ini terdiri dari empat tahap. Tahap pertama adalah pembuatan sorghum flakes. Proses pembuatan sorghum flakes yang paling efektif dan efisien berdasarkan penelitian adalah sebagai berikut : sorghum dicuci bersih lalu ditambah air dengan perbandingan air : sorghum sebesar 2 : 1, lalu sorghum dimasak menggunakan retort selama 15 menit dengan suhu 120 oC. Setelah itu sorghum didinginkan selama kurang lebih 15-20 menit, kemudian dikeringkan menggunakan drum drier dengan jarak roller sekitar 0.5 mm. Sorghum kering hasil drum drier dikecilkan ukurannya menggunakan dry blender sehingga didapat serpihan-serpihan (flakes) sorghum.
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Judul: Pengembangan Produk Sereal Sarapan Siap Santap Berbasis Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Dengan Metode Ekstrusi
Abstrak: Nutritious, easy and fast to serve breakfast cereal is becoming a solution for urban people which has less time in the morning due to early business. Endogenous cereal, such as sorgum, would become an alternative to flour to produce breakfast cereal, with its superiority as dry climate resistant plant and having sustainable production, so as to support national food security. With high flexibility, control, and production, twin-screw extrusion method was used to produce the breakfast cereal. The preliminary research determines materials that would be suitable to create acceptable texture, color, and taste of the extrudate. The main research showed the suitable amount of tapioca and emulsifier might be used to produce well-textured and preferable product. Product with 100% sorgum, 15% flour sugar, 10% cocoa powder, 4% vegetable oil, and 1% salt was the best to produce acceptable texture, color, and taste of the extrudate. Replacement of 10% sorgum with tapioca and the addition of 1% emulsifier resulted in preferable product in hedonic rating and best characteristic in physical analysis. Acceptance test to target consumer with different social-economy level was done, resulting in good response of the panelist toward the product. Feasibility study was also done to provide a reference if small-scale industry of the product might be feasible. With the period of 5 years project for the production level of 5.5 tones/month, the NPV value is Rp 30.413.824-, the IRR value is 14% (at discount rate of 13%), the net Benefit Cost Ratio is 1.01, and Payback Period at 4 years 25 days, so as to conclude that the project is feasible.
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Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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