Judul: Biosorpsi biru metilena oleh ganggang cokelat, Sargassum binderi
Abstrak: Seaweeds are one of the effective biosorbents in wastewater treatment and has been proved by many previous studies. Sargassum binderi, one of brown seaweeds can adsorb dyes, was used in this research as a biosorbent. S. binderi consists of alginate compound, like the other Sargassum . This compound can be used as a biosorbent. The adsorption was carried out with various adsorption time, biosorbent weight, methylene blue initial concentration, temperature, and pH. The optimum efficiency and adsorption capacity was obtained on biosorbent weight of 2.0 g, initial methylene blue concentration of 100 ppm, temperature of 60 °C, and pH of 3, was 99.27% and 2480.88 μg/g of biosorbent, respectively. The adsorption of methylene blue by S. binderi brown seaweeds was fit to Freundlich isotherm (n = 0.8488 and k = 69.2468). The application of biosorbent in wastewater treatment showed that the adsorption efficiency was 72.34? 78.16%. Therefore, S. binderi can be used as an alternative cationic dyes adsorbent.
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Judul: Pemanfaatan Serat dan Selulosa Termodifikasi dari Frond Sagu sebagai Dye Adsorbent.
Abstrak: Frond sagu merupakan hasil samping pemanenan batang sagu berupa batang atas tanaman sagu. Pada penelitian yang digunakan adalah bagian atas batang pucuk tanpa daun dan pelepah. Batang frond sagu mengandung pati yang relatif rendah namun serat kasar yang tinggi, dengan potensi selulosa 36.87% yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku adsorben (penyerap). Adsorben memiliki peran mengikat zat warna melalui mekanisme adsorpsi. Adsorben dari frond sagu terdiri atas (1) serat kasar dalam bentuk tepung (TFS) pada ukuran lolos ayakan 40 mesh, (2) selulosa (SFS) hasil ekstraksi dan delignifikasi TFS dan (3) modifikasi turunannya melalui karboksimetilasi menghasilkan CMC frond sagu (CFS). Kemampuan pengikatan warna diuji dengan perlakuan waktu kontak, pH cairan warna simulasi, dan tingkat konsentrasi larutan warna (biru metilen) terhadap efisiensi dan kapasitas adsorpsi. Waktu kontak TFS, SFS dan CFS berturut-turut 15, 30 dan 60 menit pada kondisi terbaik untuk keseluruhan pH 8. TFS mencapai efisiensi 92.58% dengan kapasitas 1.397 mg/g pada konsentrasi 15 ppm, sedangkan SFS dan CFS berturut-turut 97.50% dan 84.38% dengan kapasitas 0.977 mg/g dan 0.846 mg/g pada 10 ppm. Mekanisme adsorpsi oleh TFS, SFS maupun CFS mengikuti pola isoterm Freundlich yaitu adsorpsi multilayer yang berlangsung secara fisiosorpsi. Kemampuan adsorpsi terbaik ditunjukkan oleh SFS dengan efisiensi dan kapasitas adsorpsi tertinggi.
Keyword: adsorpsi, carboxymethylcellulose, selulosa, frond sagu, biru metilen

Judul: Studies on growth spurt and aging in higher primates
Abstrak: single measurement that best defines the health and nutritional status of children, just as it provides an indirect measurement of the quality of life of an entire population. The pattern of human growth reflects the biocultural evolution of our species. The human pattern of growth and development (ontogeny) appears to differ markedly from patterns of ontogeny in other primate species. Three studies are reported here which deal to the growth and development of human and chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). These three studies allow us to contrast the phenomena of adolescence growth spurt and female elderly bone loss in chimpanzee and human as chimpanzee is the closest species to humans within extant nonhuman primates. In the first, a cross-sectional study of growth of the body size and somatotype of 363 Javanese girls and 299 Javanese boys aged 4 to 20 years from Magelang Regency, Indonesia was described. In the second, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in the growth of chimpanzee second metacarpal bone linear dimensions from individuals aged 0 to 43.6 years were used for comparison. While in the third, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in the growth of chimpanzee body size (body mass and anterior trunk length) and second metacarpal bone mineral content were derived. In measuring the second metacarpal dimensions and mineral content, a total of 568 radiographs of chimpanzee's proximodistal left hands were used. They were taken from 68 females and 49 males aged 0 to 43.62 years old. We applied an image analysis system, Scion Image Release Alpha 4.0.3.2 software for Windows to measure bone linear dimensions and bone mineral content. Humans present complex and sinuous growth curves for both body weight and height. A clear growth spurt could be demonstrated by cross-sectional analysis in our girl subjects at around aged 11.5 years and in our boy subjects at around aged 12.5 years. In longitudinal series, not in cross-sectional, several representative chimpanzees of both sexes showed a pre-adult growth spurt on the body sizes, bone dimensions and bone mineral content. They ranged at age 4.5 to 8.5 years. This underscore the fact that adolescent growth spurt in linear dimension was not a universal feature of anthropoid primate ontogeny. Bone loss is a well established characteristic of human female aging. Based on crosssectional analyses the sequential decline of bone mass in female chimpanzee may be said to be genuine. On the other hand, we found in adulthood through elderly, male chimpanzees show a longer plateau than female chimpanzee, that is, bone mineral content is maintained in male.
Keyword: Javanese children, growth spurt, chimpanzee, second metacarpal bone, bone loss, Higher Primates