Judul: Pemetaan Indeks Kekeringan dan Pola Tanam Menggunakan Metode Palmer (Studi Kasus: Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: Drought is closely related to rainfall decrease could affect the decline in rice production in one of rice production centers: West Java. This research aims to determine the drought level, drought index distribution map, and cropping pattern in West Java. Monthly rainfall, monthly average temperature, soil type, and land use data is processed by Palmer method. The highest value index is 22 and the lowest is -34. Area with the highest drought level is Northern area of West Java, while the central and southern part of West Java area tends to be wet. Peak of the drought occurs in August and September. On the strong El Nino years, the rainfall value becomes lower followed by drought index value. In the non-irrigated land, cropping patterns that can be applied is paddy-paddy-crop with the beginning of the season in November, while for the irrigated land rice can be planted up to three times a year. In the non-irrigated land at the north area that tends to be dryer, cropping patterns that can be applied is paddy-crop-crop with the beginning of planting season in December, if conditions are adequate irrigation of rice can be planted two or three times a year.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), El Nino, Palmer index, drought, cropping pattern.

Judul: Analysis of Meteorological and Agricultural Drought Rate of Rice Field on Java Island Using SPI and VHI
Abstrak: Pulau Jawa memiliki iklim tropis dengan tanah yang di dominasi dataran rendah sehingga memiliki potensi untuk budidaya tanamanan padi. Kekurangan air pada tanaman padi dapat menyebabkan berkurangnya produktivitas padi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengindentifikasi sebaran spasial dan kategori kekeringan meteorologi dan pertanian pada tahun normal, El Nino kuat, dan El Nino lemah. Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan teknologi cloud computing, yakni Google Earth Engine dengan melihat sejumlah citra satelit MODIS melalui band Enhance Vegetation Index (EVI) dan Land Surface Temperature (LST) serta data curah hujan CHIRPS. EVI dan LST kemudian diolah menjadi Vegetation Health Index (VHI) sementara data CHIRPS diolah menjadi data SPI-1. SPI-1 menunjukan distribusi kekeringan meteorologi di Jawa pada 4 periode musim, dengan periode SON (September-Oktober-November) memiliki nilai SPI-1 terendah mencapai - 1,05 termasuk dalam kategori kekeringan sedang. VHI menunjukan distribusi kekeringan pertanian di Jawa juga pada 4 periode musim, dengan periode SON memiliki nilai VHI terendah dalam rentang 10 hingga 20 termasuk dalam kategori kekeringan kuat., Java island has a tropical climate with low-land dominated all around so is potential for rice cultivation. Water deficiency of rice plants will cause lower rice productivity. This research aims to identify spatial distribution and drought categories of meteorological and agricultural when normal year, strong El Nino year, and weak El Nino year. Research conducted by uses of cloud computing technology, that is Google Earth Engine to see a number of MODIS satellite imagery at Enhance Vegetation Index (EVI) band and Land Surface Temperature (LST) band and CHIRPS precipitation data. EVI and LST than process to be Vegetation Health Index (VHI) while CHIRPS data process to be SPI-1. SPI-1 show meteorological drought distribution on Java in 4 seasons period, there is SON (September-October-November) has lowest SPI-1 value by -1,05 in intermediate drought category. VHI show agriculture drought distribution on Java so in 4 seasons period, there is SON has lowest VHI value by range 10 to 20 in strong drought category.
Keyword: Drought, El Nino, SPI, VHI

Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
Keyword: