Judul: Isolasi dan karakterisasi protein ikan tongkol (Auxis thazard), kerang hijau (Perna viridis) dan udang jerbung (Penaeus merguiensis) untuk pembuatan isolat alergen
Abstrak: Seafoods including fish, crustaceans and shellfish play an important role in human nutrition. However, it is also recognised as an important cause of food allergies, especially in coastal countries, including Indonesia. Treatments of these diseases still rely on avoiding the sources of the alergens, however it can also cause malnutrition which is also dangerous to health. To determine the specific food protein causing allergic reactions, cutie test was performed using isolate food protein. Until the present time, Indonesia still imports kits containing isolate proteins for food allergy diagnosis, therefore effort to locally produce the kit will reduce health cost for patients with allergic diseases. The objective of this study was to produce seafoods protein extract that is potential to be used as isolate of allergens for food allergy diagnosis. Two extract sarcoplasmic and myofibril protein were obtained from fish, shrimp and mussel by extraction in phosphate buffer with diference ionic strength Protein profile were then detected by means of sodium dodecyl polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). IgE binding pattern was analyzed by using ELISA and immunoblotting using sera from 20 respondents with histories of food allergy. The result of the study showed that samples of seafood extract protein consist of several protein with various molecular weight in the range about 14 to 143 kDa. The component were identified as tropomyosin (34-38 kDa), parvalbumin (~12 kDa), myosin light chain (~17.5 kDa) and arginin kinase (40 kDa) which are major allergens in seafoods. Further analysis with ELISA showed that the seafood protein extracts contained several IgE-binding proteins. Immunoblot of three extract samples from seafoods showed that components identified as allergens to each allergic subject have different molecular weight. The results demonstrated that crude extract could be directly used as isolate allergen for diagnostic test allergy (skin prick test) without isolating the major allergen components.
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Judul: Produksi dan Aplikasi Ekstrak Protein Kacang- Kacangan dan Produk Laut sebagai Reagen Uji Alergi Makanan dengan Metode Skin Prick Test (SPT)
Abstrak: Food allergy is an abnormal immune response of a sensitive person to food proteins that was known as allergen. Most of them have a protein or glycoproteins structure. The reaction of food allergies are mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. The allergen may stimulate the immune system to produce a large amounts of immunoglobulin E antibodies of allergic individuals, then bind to their receptor on the surface of mast cells. These IgE could cross-linked with the same allergens on subsequent exposure. The cross-linked of IgE and allergen could be activated mast cells and the subsequent release rapidly pathological mediators such as histamine, proteases and leukotrienes. These mediators are causing itching, bumps, swelling, shortness of breath, cough, and anaphylactic shock. To date, there is no cure for food allergies except avoiding allergenic foods. Avoiding food should be established according to the result of allergy tests, such as skin prick test and double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges (DBPCFC). Skin prick tests (SPTs) are widely used for detecting allergen that caused IgEmediated food hypersensitivity. The main component on skin prick test was known as SPT reagent which were extracted from food. A miniscule amount of SPT reagent was pricked into the skin by gently. The aim of study are extraction protein of soybean, peanut, bambara nut, shrimp, tuna and asian green mussel Indonesian local then making them as SPT reagents. The protein extract of nuts were prepared by isoelectric precipitation method and phosphat buffer extraction for seafood product. Autoclaved glycerol and phenol were mixed with the protein extracts then packed on 5 ml sterile vial bottles. The specification of food allergen extracts (SPT reagents) referred to the European Pharmacopoeia Monograph on Allergen Products 2010:1063. Characterization of protein extract was performed using electrophoresis, indirect ELISA method was done to detect specific IgE. Immunoblotting method was done to identify allergen proteins. The study was approved by Ethics Committee of Faculty of Public Health, University of Diponegoro No. 190/EC/FKM/2014. SPT reagent have been tested on forty subjects allergic and non-allergic food. They gave written informed consent before joint with the study as participants. Sensitivity and specificity of SPT reagent were calculated based on SPT and specific IgE results. The yield of soybean extract was 53.10% and 23.50g /100g sample as recovery value. The results of SDS-PAGE showed that numerous molecular weight were detected: 147 kDa, 102 kDa, 91 kDa, 82 kDa, 76 kDa, 66 kDa, 56 kDa, 30 kDa, 28 kDa, 23 kDa, 22 kDa, 20 kDa, 18 kDa, and 17 kDa. Sensitivity and specificity of soybean protein extract were 100%. Immunoblotting test shown that extract protein of soybean contain protein allergenic, they have molecular weight between 17 kDa and 61 kDa. The yield and recovery of peanut extract were 74.98% and 51.31g/100g sample respectively. Ten bands were detected on protein peanut extract by SDSPAGE method with molecular weight are: 122 kDa, 70 kDa, 57 kDa, 41 kDa, 37 kDa, 31 kDa, 20 kDa, 19 kDa, 18 kDa and 17 kDa. Potential allergenic protein were shown by molecular weight between 10 kDa and 49 kDa. The sensitivity and specificity
Keyword: soybean, peanut, bambara nut, shrimp, tongkol, asian green mussel, sensitivity, skin prick test

Judul: Bifurkasi Hopf pada Model Siklus Bisnis Kaldor Kalecki tanpa dan dengan Waktu Tunda
Abstrak: Business cycle model is one of dynamical system models in economic. One of the business cycles model is Kaldor-Kalecki model. Kaldor-Kalecki business cycle model that is written in delayed defferential equations, is a business cycle model that involves gross product and capital stock of a company. In this paper Kaldor-Kalecki business cycle model is analyzed using both nondelay and delay in time of capital stock. By Taylor expansion for the time delayed model, an analysis of stability around the fixed points has been done. Furthermore, by using Hopf bifurcation theorem, it can be shown that there exists periodic orbits and limit cycle. In the nondelayed model, changing the parameter of goods market could lead to the occurrence of Hopf bifurcation and the existence of limit cycle. Similarly, for the delayed model, it has been shown that changing the time delay parameter may result in the occurrence of Hopf bifurcation and limit cycle.
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