Judul: Analysis of Investment PortfolioPerformance Optimization (Case Study of PT Freeport Indonesia Pension Fund)
Abstrak: The development of pension funds through investment in Indonesia is regulated in the constitution and one of the ways to obtain optimal investment returns is to form a portfolio. The Markowitz model helps investors determine which investment assets are includes in the optimal portfolio. Strategies to minimize risk and maximize return are very important. The types of assets that will be optimized in this research are Savings at Banks, On-Call Deposits, Time Deposits, Certificates of Bank Indonesia, GovernmentBonds, Stocks,Corporation Bonds, Fixed Income Mutual Funds and Stock Mutual Funds at PT Freeport Indonesia Pension Fund(DPFI) period 2007-2020 using the single index model (SIM), capital asset pricing model (CAPM) and tangency portfolio. The most optimal performance is shown by the tangency portfolio method by maximizing the value of tan-�and the calculation results showthat 4 out of 9 investment assets, namely bank savings, on-call deposits, stocks andcorporate bonds, are includes in the optimal portfolio with a portfolio return of92.62% higher 56% of historical DPFI and portfolio risk 1,5842 an increases of 140% from historical DPFI as well as proposed changes in asset allocation dominantly in stocks by 40% and three investment assets, namely savings in banks, on-call deposits and corporationbonds with a weight of 20% each . Furthermore, stock investment assets wereoptimized using the tangency portfolio method and obtained 24.02% return that 8.92% higher than DPFI's historical return and 0.37729 risk that 14.17% greater than DPFI's historical risk by optimizing 8 of 34 stock issuers and proposed changes evenly allocated 12.5%,namely UNVR or an increases of 9.24%, AALI or an increase of 3.17%, TINS or an increase of 11.87%, MEDC or an increase of 12.13%, PGAS or an increase of 10.94%, BBNI or an increase of 10.10%, UNSP or an increase of 10.33% and ISAT or an increaseof 9.73%.
Keyword: PTFI Pension Fund, SIM, CAPM, Tangency portfolio, Portfolio Optimization

Judul: Optimal Portfolio Formation of SRI KEHATI Index Stocks on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (2019-2023 Period)
Abstrak: Kondisi perekonomian Indonesia yang stabil menunjukkan hal positif dan meningkatkan jumlah investor pada pasar modal di Indonesia. Salah satu instrument pada pasar modal yaitu saham. Tujuan penelitian ini membentuk portofolio optimal yang menjadi rekomendasi para investor. Penelitian ini menggunakan CAPM dan model Markowitz, yang melibatkan penggunaan data sekunder. Proses pemilihan sampel penelitian melibatkan penggunaan teknik non-probability sampling, khususnya purposive sampling. Penelitian ini berfokus pada Indeks SRI-KEHATI periode Januari 2019-Desember 2023. Terdapat 7 saham efisien menggunakan metode CAPM yaitu BBCA, BBNI, BBRI, BMRI, JSMR, KLBF, dan UNTR. Kombinasi 7 saham model Markowitz membentuk dua preferensi. Preferensi pertama menghasilkan proporsi alokasi dengan rumus yaitu expected return portofolio tahunan sebesar 40,55% dan risiko portofolio tahunan sebesar 30,33%. Preferensi kedua menghasilkan proporsi alokasi dengan solver yaitu expected return portofolio tahunan sebesar 46,79% dan risiko portofolio tahunan sebesar 32,91%., The stable economic conditions in Indonesia have had a positive impact, leading to an increase in the number of investors in the Indonesian capital market. One of the key instruments in this market is stocks. The aim of this research is to create an optimal portfolio that can be recommended to investors. The study utilizes the CAPM and Markowitz models, and involves the use of secondary data. The research sample selection process makes use of non-probability sampling techniques, specifically purposive sampling. This research focuses on the SRI KEHATI Index for the period from January 2019 to December 2023. Using the CAPM method, 7 efficient stocks have been identified, namely BBCA, BBNI, BBRI, BMRI, JSMR, KLBF, and UNTR. The combination of 7 stocks using the Markowitz model forms two preferences. The first preference generates an allocation proportion with a formula that results in an annual portfolio expected return of 40.55% and an annual portfolio risk of 30.33%. The second preference generates an allocation proportion with a solver that results in an annual portfolio expected return of 46.79% and an annual portfolio risk of 32.91%.
Keyword: Optimal Portofolio, SRI KEHATI, Markowitz Model

Judul: Karakterisasi molekuler virus gemini asal tanaman tomat
Abstrak: Virus gemini merupakan salah satu kelompok patogen utama yang menyerang dan menimbulkan kerusakan yang besar pada tanaman sayuran di daerah tropik dan sub tropik. Pada umumnya kerugian yang ditimbulkan oleh adanya suatu epidemi berkisar antara 30%-100%. Gejala tanaman tomat yang terinfeksi oleh virus gemini kadangkala mirip dengan gejala yang disebabkan oleh infeksi virus yang lain khususnya Potyviridae dan Tobamoviridae. Dengan demikian, gejala penyakit saja tidak cukup untuk digunakan dalam mengidentifikasi virus gemini. Pengetahuan tentang karakter molekuler virus gemini pada tanaman tomat yang bergejala menjadi sangat penting dalam mengidentifikasi virus gemini tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati gejala luar, melakukan purifikasi dan mempelajari beberapa karakter molekuler virus gemini asal tanaman virus tomat. Karakter molekuler yang dipelajari meliputi ukuran dan jenis asam nukleat serta ukuran protein. Deteksi virus dengan metode polymerase chain reaction (PCR) dilakukan untuk memperkuat hasil analisis karakter molekuler. Isolat virus gemini asal tanaman tomat yang diperoleh dari Bandung, Jawa Barat ditularkan dengan serangga vektor B. tanaman tomat. daerah tabaci dari dan ke Gejala yang ditimbulkannya berupa penebalan tulang daun permukaan bawah, daun menggulung ke atas atau ke bawah, berkeriput dan tepi daun mengalami klorosis. Virus gemini isolat Bandung ini berhasil dimurnikan dari daun tomat yang bergejala dengan menggunakan metode yang digunakan ..dst
Keyword: virus gemini, tanaman tomat, purifikasi virus, isolasi tanaman