Judul: Pengembangan sistem informasi formulasi mineral dan Teknik pengolahan mineral untuk ruminansia
Abstrak: Formulasi ransum merupakan aspek yang sangat penting dalam menyeimbangkan nutrisi bagi hewan ternak dengan tujuan mendapatkan ransum pakan yang memiliki kecukupan nutrien untuk ternak. Teknologi dapat menjadi jalan keluar dalam permasalahan tersebut, yaitu dengan mengaplikasikan teknologi formulasi pakan ternak yang efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sistem informasi formulasi kebutuhan mineral dan komposisi premix pakan dengan metode trial and eror. Metode yang digunakan dalam sistenm ini adalah software prototyping sebagai model proses local host dan pengembangan penelitian ini terdiri atas 4 tahapan yaitu perencanaan, pemodelan, pengodean dan pengujian. Penelitian ini menghasilkan informasi mengenai jenis mineral, sumber mineral pakan dan teknik pengolahan mineral serta dapat melakukan perhitungan kebutuhan mineral berdasarkan data pengguna dan perhitungan formulasi premix sesuai kebutuhan pengguna. Penelitian ini telah berhasil berkontribusi dalam pengembangan formulalsi kebutuhan melalui pengembangan web yang mampu membantu dalam melakukan perhitungan kebutuhan mineral dan formulasi premix berdasarkan data pakan di Indonesia dengan metode trial and eror. Sistem ini sudah dapat memberikan informasi mengenai teknik pengolahan mineral, jenis mineral dan sumber mineral pakan.
Keyword: formulasi kebutuhan mineral, formulasi komposisi premix, teknik pengolahan mineral, ternak ruminansia, trial and eror

Judul: Pengembangan Sistem Formulasi Ransum untuk Kebutuhan Ternak Ruminansia Menggunakan Linier Programming
Abstrak: Formulasi ransum merupakan aspek yang sangat esensial dalam menyeimbangkan nutrisi bagi hewan ternak dengan tujuan mendapatkan harga minimum berdasar pada kandungan nutrisi pakan hewan. Oleh karena itu peternak dituntut untuk mampu menyusun suatu formula ransum yang ekonomis tanpa mengabaikan faktor kebutuhan nutrisi ternak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat suatu sistem pendukung pengambilan keputusan yang mampu melakukan formulasi ransum dengan mengadopsi metode linier programming. Metode pengembangan sistem yang dilakukan adalah prototype dengan evaluasi menggunakan perbandingan dengan aplikasi WinFeed 2.8 dan POM QM.
Keyword: formulasi ransum, linier programming, prototype, ternak ruminansia

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite