Judul: Pengaruh Suhu dan Waktu Penyeduhan Teh Hitam (Camellia sinensis) serta Proses Pencernaan In Vitro terhadap Aktivitas Inhibisi Lipase
Abstrak: Recently, obesity has become a global problem that occurs not only in developed but also in developing country. One of the options to prevent obesity is by controlling bodyweight, which can be done by inhibiting the action of pancreatic lipase (anti-lipase) and resulted in reducing the absorbed lipid. Black tea is one of the food products that have anti-lipase activity. This study aims to determine the effect of time (5, 10, and 15 minutes) and temperature (70, 85, and 100 oC) of black tea brewing and in vitro digestion on lipase inhibition. The research method is divided into two stages, black tea brewing and in vitro gastrointestinal pH simulation. Beside anti-lipase activity, black tea extract is analyzed for the total phenol and condensed tannin level. The results showed that the brewing temperature, time, and the combination of them both influence the level of lipase inhibition, total phenol, and condensed tannin. Simulation of gastrointestinal pH on the extract caused decrease of lipase inhibition, total phenol, and condensed tannin level. The highest value of lipase inhibition by black tea extracts after subjected to gastrointestinal pH simulation, which show an overview of inhibition that actually occur in the small intestine, are black tea brewed at 70 °C for 5 minutes (47.91%) and 10 minutes (46.38%), and 100 oC for 15 minutes (54.23%). The activity of lipase was estimated to be inhibited by phenolic compound and condensed tannin in temperature of 70 oC brewed tea. Meanwhile, when brewed at 85 oC and 100 oC, only condensed tannin positively correlated with lipase inhibition. Based on overall results, it can be concluded that in order to reduce the absorption of lipids is advisable to drink black tea which is brewed at 70 °C for 5 min and 10 minutes, or 100 oC for 15 minutes.
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Judul: Pengaruh Suhu dan Lama Penyeduhan Teh Hitam (Camellia sinensis) serta Proses Pencernaan secara In Vitro terhadap Penghambatan Aktivitas Enzim Alfa Amilase dan Alfa Glukosidase secara In Vitro
Abstrak: Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin. Natural alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase inhibitors from food-grade plants offer an attractive strategy to eather manage or prevent type 2 diabetes by controlling of starch breakdown and intestinal glucose absorption. Black tea is the second most widely consumed beverage in the world after water. A lot of researches about bioactive compounds in tea related have been done. In this study, six extracts treated with different combination of temperature and brewing time were investigated for alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase inhibitory potential. Furthermore, the influence of the digestion condition in vitro to the activity of the enzymes was also performed in this study. The enzymes inhibitory and total phenol was measured by spectrophotometric while tannin content was measured by gravimetric method. Results showed that tea brewed by 70oC 15 minutes, 70oC 30 minutes, 100oC 5 minutes, 100oC 15 minutes can optimally inhibit amylase at initial extract (as an estimation of salivary alpha amylase), 70oC 15 minutes and 100oC 5 minutes can optimally inhibit pH digestion-controlled extract (pancreatic amylase), 70oC 30 minutes and 100oC 30 minutes can optimally inhibit alpha glucosidase at initial extract, also 70oC 15 minutes, 100oC 15 minutes, and 100oC 30 minutes can optimally inhibit at pH digestion-controlled extract. Alpha amylase inhibitory has a positive correlation with tannin content but not with total phenol. While alpha glucosidase inhibitory showed no correlation with tannin and showed a negative correlation with total phenol.
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Judul: Konsep Taman Rumah Adat Bagas Godang Berbasis Budaya Mandailing, Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara.
Abstrak: Kekayaan suatu bangsa tidak terbatas pada kekayaan sumber daya alamnya akan tetapi juga kekayaan budayanya. Taman rumah tradisional merupakan salah satu kekayaan budaya di Indonesia yang dapat menjadi identitas dari suatu budaya tersebut. Budaya Mandailing sudah dikenal sejak abad ke-14 M. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan penyebutan nama Mandailing di kitab Negara Kertagama, karangan Mpu Prapanca. Budaya Mandailing awalnya banyak dipengaruhi oleh kepercayaan animisme dan dinamisme yang disebut sipelebegu. Kemudian perkembangan selanjutnya budaya Mandailing bersinggungan dengan Hindu- Budha. Akan tetapi Islam membawa pengaruh yang sangat besar terhadap budaya Mandailing. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan adanya filosofi hombar do adat dohot ibadat yaitu adat tidak boleh bertentangan dengan agama. Dalihan Natolu merupakan konsep kekerabatan yang banyak mempengaruhi nilai-nilai kehidupan masyarakat Mandailing. Konsep Dalihan Natolu menjadi konsep dasar yang mempengaruhi pola permukiman adat Mandailing. Dalihan Natolu terdiri dari mora, anak boru, dan kahanggi. Hubungan antara ketiga komponen ini menentukan jarak antar rumah di permukiman adat. Suatu permukiman terdapat Rumah tinggal yang merupakan landmark dari berdirinya suatu permukiman. Rumah tinggal ini disebut Bagas Godang. Bagas Godang bagi masyarakat Mandailing bukan hanya sebagai rumah tinggal seorang raja atau tunggani huta. Godang bermakna sebagai rumah bagi seluruh marga di huta adat tersebut. Bagi masyarakat Mandailing raja tidak hanya berperan sebagai penguasa huta adat, akan tetapi mereka adalah orang yang dituakan yang dapat menyelesaikan berbagai masalah di permukiman adat tersebut. Komplek Bagas Godang terdiri dari Bagas Godang atau kediaman raja, Sopo Godang yaitu tempat peyimpanan instrument alat music dan musyawarah, serta biasanya memiliki Sopo Eme atau lumbung padi, serta Alaman Bolak Selangseutang merupakan halaman.
Keyword: Bagas Godang, taman vernakuler, desain taman, taman tradisional, rumah tinggal