Judul: Case Study of Nephrolithiasis in a Siberian Husky Dog Based on Ultrasonography, Biochemistry Test, and Urinalysis
Abstrak: Studi kasus ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan gambaran ultrasonografi pada anjing Siberian Husky yang diduga mengalami nefrolitiasis. Pemeriksaan penunjang dilakukan melalui serangkaian tes meliputi pemeriksaan fisik, pemeriksaan hematologi dan kimia darah, serta urinalisis. Sinyalemen pada kasus ini adalah anjing Siberian Husky jantan berusia 6 tahun yang memiliki bobot badan 32 kg. Menurut keterangan pemilik, anjing memiliki riwayat urinasi mengeluarkan darah segar. Hasil pemeriksaan fisik menunjukkan anjing dalam kondisi sehat dengan suhu tubuh normal. Pemeriksaan hematologi menunjukkan adanya peningkatan jumlah leukosit, neutrofil, dan mean platelet volume (MPV). Hasil pemeriksaan kimia darah tidak menunjukkan adanya kelainan. Sonogram ginjal menunjukkan bagian hiperekhoik pada korteks dan hipoekhoik pada medula, ditemukan area hiperkhoik pada pelvis renalis mengindikasikan adanya nefrolit, yang didukung dengan adanya acoustic shadowing di bagian distalnya. Sonogram vesika urinaria (VU) menunjukkan area anekhoik pada lumen. Dinding VU dikelilingi oleh area hiperekhoik yang mengindikasikan peningkatan ketebalan. Hasil urinalisis menunjukkan urin berwarna kuning, keruh, dan memiliki bau khas. Hasil urinalisis menggunakan strip test menunjukkan proteinuria dan hematuria dalam urin., The purpose of this case study is to describe ultrasound images of a Siberian Husky dog suspected of nephrolithiasis. Various tests were carried out which include physical examination, haematology and blood chemistry test, and urinalysis. A male 6-year-old Siberian Husky dog, weighing 32 kg, had a history of urinating fresh blood. Physical examination showed the dog was in a good condition. Haematology test result showed an increase in leukocytes, neutrophils, and mean platelet volume (MPV). Blood chemistry test result showed no abnormalities. Sonogram of the kidney showed hyperechoic area of the cortex and hypoechoic area of the medulla. Hyperechoic area in the renal pelvis indicate the presence of nephrolith, which supported by the presence of acoustic shadowing in the distal. Sonogram of urinary bladder showed an anechoic area in the lumen. The VU wall is surrounded by a hyperechoic area indicating an increase in thickness. Urinalysis test showed urine with yellow color, cloudy, and distinct odor. The result of strip test method showed proteinuria and hematuria in the urine.
Keyword: kimia darah, nefrolitiasis, Siberian Husky, ultrasonografi, urinalisis, blood chemistry, nephrolithiasis, ultrasound, urinalysis

Judul: A Case Study of Hydroureter in a 5-year-old Female Shih Tzu
Abstrak: Hidroureter merupakan abnormalitas pada ureter yang dicirikan dengan dilatasi, elongasi, dan tortuous. Studi kasus ini bertujuan menjelaskan kasus hidroureter pada seekor anjing shih tzu betina umur 5 tahun di Rumah Sakit Hewan Pendidikan, Sekolah Kedokteran Hewan dan Biomedis, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Metode yang digunakan meliputi pemeriksaan fisik, pemeriksaan hematologi dan kimia darah, pencitraan radiografi, dan pencitraan ultrasonografi. Hasil pemeriksaan fisik tidak menunjukkan gejala yang mengarah pada kelainan sistem urinaria. Pemeriksaan hematologi dan kimia darah tidak menunjukkan perubahan terhadap nilai eritrosit, leukosit, ureum, dan kreatinin. Pencitraan radiografi abdomen menunjukkan adanya kelainan pada ureter berupa hidroureter dan ektopia ureter. Pencitraan ultrasonografi menunjukkan adanya kelainan pada saluran urinaria: pyelonephritis (ginjal kanan), nephrolithiasis (ginjal kiri), hidroureter (ureter kanan), cystitis dan kristaluria (vesica urinaria). Berdasarkan hasil diagnosis pencitraan, hewan didiagnosis hidroureter pada ureter kanan bersamaan dengan kelainan lain yang ditemukan pada ginjal dan vesica urinaria., Hydroureters are abnormalities in ureters that identified by dilatation, elongation, and tortuous. This case study aims to describe a hydroureter case in a 5-year-old female shih tzu in Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University. Diagnosis were conducted in this study includes physical and haematological examination, blood chemistry, radiographic and ultrasonography imaging. The results of physical examinations did not show any pathological findings that lead to abnormalities of the urinary system. Haematological and blood chemical examination did not indicate a change in erythrocyte, leukocyte, urea, and creatinine levels. Abdominal radiographic imaging showed the abnormalities of the ureter in the form of hydroureter along with ectopic ureter. Ultrasonography imaging showed abnormalities in the urinary tract: the right kidney shows signs of pyelonephritis, the left kidney shows signs of nephrolithiasis, the right ureter shows signs of hydroureter, vesica urinary shows signs of cystitis and crystalluria. Based on the results of the imaging diagnostic, animals were prominently diagnosed with hydroureter of right ureter along with another abnormalities found in the kidney and urinary bladder.
Keyword: anjing, hidroureter, radiografi, ultrasonografi, dog, hydroureter, radiography, ultrasonography

Judul: Anthropogenic CO(2) contain in Indonesian Throughflow Region (ITF)
Abstrak: This research uses TrOCA method in order to investigate anthropogenic CO2 distribution in the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) regime as well as its relationship with water mass transport from Pasific Ocean to Indian Ocean, based on four parameters; TCO2 (dissolved inorganic carbon), TA (total alkalinity), O2 (oxygen), and θ (potential temperature). The calculated anthropogenic CO2 is generaly distributed in upper layer of thermocline from both oceans, with concentration of 20–50 μmol.kg-1. In the North Equatorial Current (NEC) station section (section P10N) of Pacific Ocean, the anthropogenic CO2 is mainly stratified in upper layer with maximum concentration of 50 μmol.kg-1 and founded near surface. The anthropogenic CO2 content in NEC will be transported to Mindanao Current (MC) regime which is an inflow for ITF. Two stations in MC regime showed a similar stratification of anthropogenic CO2 in upper layer with maximum concentration of about 50 μmol.kg-1. In the outlet of ITF, particularly station section along eastern Indian Ocean (section H_I10), the stratification is still found in upper layer with maximum concentration of 50 μmol.kg-1. In section H_I10 on the eastern of Indian Ocean, concentration along latitude and longitude line are higher than the stations in western of Pasific Ocean. The estimation of anthropogenik CO2 budget in outlet ITF is 40.43–73.38 Tg C y-1, higher than those observed in inlet ITF is 13.88–33.72 Tg C y-1. It means that the ITF region is responsible for this different. In station of Banda and Ombai Strait, a high accumulation anthropogenic CO2 was found between 20-71 μmol.kg-1 in the depth ranging from 5 to 200 m. In Banda station, this accumulation was probably due to water mass transport from Java Sea, resident time and acccumulation of water, whereas in Ombai Strait station, it was because of water mass transport from Java Sea and Pacific Ocean, and terrestrial run off.
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