Judul: Pengaruh Tingkat Protein Ransum Berenergi Metabolis 2850 Kkal Per Kg "Strain" Terhadap Tebal Kerabang Petelur Tipe Medium Fase II  Pada Sistem "Cage"
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Bagian Ilmu Produksi Ternak Unggas Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor dari tanggal 9 Maret sampai dengan 2 Agustus 1981. Tujuan penelitian adalh untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat protein ransum berenergi motabolis 2850 kkal per kg dan "strain" terhadap tebal kerabang petelur tipe medium fase II pada sistem "cage".
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Judul: Pengaruh tingkat protein ransum berenergi metabolis 2650 KKAL per kg dan "strain" petelur tipe medium pada masa produksi fase II terhadap tebal kerabang pada sistem cager
Abstrak: Ayam petelur termasuk salah satu ternak yang sangat efisien mengubah makanan menjadi hasil produksi telur. Untuk memperoleh tingkat produksi yang ekonomis serta kua- litas telur yang baik, dua faktor yang harus diperhatikan ialah faktor makanan dan bibit. Faktor makanan perlu per- hatian lebih besar, terutama kadar protein dan nilai energi. Bibit merupakan faktor berikutnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh tingkat protein ransum berenergi metabolis 2650 kkal per kg dan "strain" petelur tipe medium pada masa produksi fase II ter- hadap tebal kerabang pada sistem cage. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Bagian Ilmu Produksi Ternak Unggas, Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, selama lima bulan dari tanggal 9 Maret sampai 20 Juli 1981. "Strain" ayam yang diteliti Super Harco dan Hisex Brown, masing-masing sebanyak 88 ekor. Ransum yang dicoba mengan- dung tingkat protein 16 dan 18% berenergi metabolis 2650 kkal per kg. Penelitian dimulai ketika ayam berumur 10 bulan. Percobaan dilakukan berdasarkan Rancangan Acak Lengkap berpola Faktorial 2 x 2, dimana faktornya adalah tingkat pro- tein dan "strain" ayam. Tiap perlakuan terdiri dari empat ulangan. Kedua "strain" di bagi kedalam 16 lot, dan tiap lot terdiri dari 1l ekor yang ditempatkan pada kandang "individu- al cage" berukuran 22 x 45 x 46 cm. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa "strain" sangat berpengaruh (P0.01) 0.01) terhadap tebal kerabang, sedangkan tingkat protein tidak nyata berpengaruh. Kerabang telur じ strain" Hisex Brown lebih tebal. Dari segi tebal kerabang, tingkat protein 16% cukup untuk ayam petelur tipe medium pada masa produksi fase II. Korelasi antara tebal kerabang dengan temperatur sekeliling, tebal kerabang dengan "hen day production" dan tebal kerabang dengan konsumsi ransum, tidak nyata pada kedua "strain".
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Judul: Systematics of Desmos (Annonaceae) in Malesia
Abstrak: Desmos is a woody climbing genus of Annonaceae which has been widely used as traditional medicine in several countries such as China, Indo-China, Thailand, and Peninsular Malaysia to treat dysentery, vertigo, fever, and postpartum. Phylogenetic studies on Desmos showed a close relationship between Desmos and Dasymaschalon. They share similar moniliform monocarpic fruits, but their flowers are different. It has been debated among Annonaceae researchers whether both genera should be treated as the same or distinct genus. Therefore, investigation on the taxonomic delimitation of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon will be necessary. Plastid genome (plastome) identification, leaf epidermal section of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon species, a taxonomic revision of Desmos in Malesia using morphological data, the spatial distribution of Desmos species in Malesia, and morphological and genetic variation in Desmos chinensis population using ISSR marker were used to investigate taxonomic delimitation of Desmos. Plastome study of Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was carried out to determine the origin, evolution, phylogenomics, and identify marker candidates for Desmos and Dasymaschalon or with other genera in Annonaceae. We discovered that the plastome of Desmos chinensis was circular with the size of 167,677 bp (smaller than Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum), consist of 111 genes, including 78 protein-coding genes, 29 transfer RNAs, and 4 ribosomal RNAs. The plastome showed a typical quadripartite structure, i.e., large single copy (LSC), small single copy (SSC), and two inverted repeats (IRs). The plastome of Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was 191,488 bp in length, which also exhibited a typical quadripartite structure (LSC, SSC, and two IRs). Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum showed different copies of accD, ndhD, ndhF, rps18, and ycf2. Protein coding genes of rpoB, rpoC1, rbcL, matK, rpl32, infA, and rpl36 were identified based on nucleotide diversity, sequence variability, and parsimony-informative sites. The genes are defined as molecular marker candidates of plastome for phylogenetic, barcoding, and population genetic research. We predicted that Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum separated at ca. 64 million years ago during the Paleocene. Leaf anatomical feature study was carried to support the taxonomic delimitation of interspecific Desmos and intergeneric of Desmos and Dasymaschalon. Leaf anatomy in the paradermal section of 20 taxa (12 species of Desmos, eight species of Dasymaschalon) have been carried out. According to the leaf epidermal section, Desmos and Dasymaschalon are two distinct genera mainly distinguished based on the anticlinal wall undulation of epidermal cells and supported by variation of the crystal type and size. The anticlinal wall undulation of Desmos was almost straight to slightly wavy and never sinuous; meanwhile, Dasymaschalon varies from almost straight to deeply sinusoid. The crystals of Desmos consist of rhombohedral, druse type A, and druse type B crystals, whereas Dasymaschalon has prism, druse type A, druse type B, and druse type C crystals. The recent taxonomic revision using the morphological data was mainly based on the examination of about 1374 specimens from BO, L, WAN, ANDA, SING, SAN, K, P, HUH herbaria. The Desmos species in Malesia consists of eight species: D. acutus, D. chinensis, D. chryseus, D. dunalii, D. pedunculosus, D. subbiglandulosus, two new records: D. lawii and D. macrocarpus, and one
Keyword: Dasymaschalon, Desmoid clade, Magnoliid, plastid genome, phylogenomics analysis