Judul: Secondary Metabolite Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia Illucens) Pupae Extract
Abstrak: Black Soldier Fly (BSF) atau Hermetia illucens adalah salah satu serangga dekomposer alami. BSF mampu mengubah limbah organik menjadi metabolit primer dengan gizi tinggi. BSF memiliki potensi sebagai antioksidan karena kandungan metabolit sekundernya. Senyawa antioksidan pada pupa BSF akan diidentifikasi untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan pelarut yang tepat untuk mendapatkan senyawa aktif pada pupa BSF. Sampel diekstraksi menggunakan tiga pelarut berbeda. Ekstrak kemudian diuji kemampuan antioksidannya dengan metode DPPH dan diukur IC50. Ekstrak dengan aktivitas antioksidan terbaik akan diuji senyawa penyusunnya menggunakan LC-MS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pelarut aseton menghasilkan rendemen tertinggi yaitu 10.73%. Aktivitas antioksidan yang dibuktikan dengan IC50 memberikan hasil terbaik pada ekstrak metanol, dengan rata-rata konsentrasi IC50 sebesar 22 ppb. Berdasarkan hasil LC-MS, ekstrak metanol mengandung senyawa golongan indol dan terpenoid. Senyawa-senyawa ini memberikan aktivitas antioksidan yang tinggi pada semua ekstrak pupa BSF., Black Soldier Fly (BSF) or Hermetia illucens is one of the natural decomposer insects. BSF is able to convert organic waste into primary metabolites with high nutrition. BSF has the potential as an antioxidant because of its secondary metabolite content. Antioxidant compounds in BSF Pupa will be identified to determine the compound content. This study aimed to determine the suitable solvent for obtaining active BSF pupae compounds. Samples were extracted using three different solvents. The extract was then tested for its antioxidant ability using the DPPH method, and the IC50 was measured. The extract with the best antioxidant activity will be tested for its constituent compounds using LC-MS. The results showed that acetone solvent produced the highest yield, 10.73%. Antioxidant activity, as proven by IC50, gave the best results in methanol extract, with an average IC50 concentration of 22 ppb. Based on the LC-MS results, the methanol extract contained indole and terpenoid group compounds. These compounds provide high antioxidant activity in all BSF pupa extracts.
Keyword: antioxidants, BSF, IC50, LC-MS

Judul: Acute Toxicity Test of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens) on Mice (Mus musculus).
Abstrak: Larva black soldier fly (BSF) spesies Hermetia illucens mengandung berbagai senyawa antimikrob yang berpotensi menjadi alternatif pengobatan infeksi saluran pernapasan akut oleh bakteri dan virus sekaligus mencegah resistansi antimikrob, namun laporan keamanannya masih belum diketahui secara luas. Uji toksisitas akut ekstrak etil asetat larva BSF bertujuan mengetahui kisaran nilai LD50 ekstrak etil asetat larva BSF dengan metode fixed dose procedure dari BPOM (2014). Pengujian dilakukan pada mencit ddY betina dewasa selama 14 hari dengan 2 tahap uji, yaitu uji pendahuluan pada 3 kelompok dosis (0, 300, dan 2000 mg/kg BB) yang masing-masing terdiri atas 1 ekor mencit, lalu dilanjutkan dengan uji utama pada 2 kelompok dosis (0 dan 2000 mg/kg BB) yang masing-masing terdiri atas 5 ekor mencit. Kisaran nilai LD50 pada penelitian ini diperoleh dari mortalitas dan gejala toksik yang muncul selama 14 hari pada semua mencit uji utama setelah pemberian oral tunggal. Parameter pendukung yang diamati adalah bobot badan, patologi anatomi organ, bobor absolut organ, dan bobot relatif organ mencit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada mortalitas dan gejala toksik pada semua mencit uji LD50. Ekstrak etil asetat larva BSF bersifat tidak toksik dengan nilai LD50>2000 mg/kg BB., Black soldier fly (BSF) larvae of Hermetia illucens species has various antimicrobial compounds that have the potential to be an alternative treatment for acute respiratory infections by bacteria and viruses while preventing antimicrobial resistance. However, the safety reports are still not widely known. The acute toxicity test of ethyl acetate extract of BSF larvae aimed to determine LD50 values of ethyl acetate extract of BSF larvae using the fixed-dose procedure method. The test was carried out on adult female ddY mice with 2 test stages, namely a preliminary test on three dose groups (0, 300, and 2000 mg/kg BW) each consisting of 1 mouse, then the main test on two dose groups (0 and 2000 mg/kg BW), each consisting of 5 mice. The LD50 value range in this study was obtained from mortality and toxic symptoms that appeared 14 days in all main test mice after a single oral administration. Supporting parameters observed were body weight, macropathology, and relative organ weight of mice. The results showed there was no mortality and no toxic sympthoms in all LD50 test mice. Ethyl acetate extract of BSF larvae was non-toxic with LD50 value was ≥2000 mg/kg.b.w.
Keyword: larva black soldier fly, mencit, toksisitas akut, black soldier fly larvae, mice, acute toxicity

Judul: Implementation of Spatio-Temporal Change Query in Relational Database.
Abstrak: Geographic object changes in various views. Object changes are recorded using a model of static storage. No historical connection between old version data and new version data has been built. For that, a storage model of spatio-temporal queries that can analyze spatio-temporal changes has been developed. The object changes the geometry are grouped according to the taxonomy of Spatio-Temporal Pattern Change. This research has been able to apply the query patterns change including born, expand, merge, contract, split, normal and die. This query based on geometric (area) changes. The implementation of spatio-temporal change queries represents an object changes continuously with easy, change detection is done by comparing two versions of data. Keyword: spatio-temporal change query, spatio-temporal change pattern.
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