Judul: Rencana bisnis produk Pegagan kering (Gotu kola) melalui pendekatan cooperative entrepreneur di Bogor
Abstrak: As one of bio-pharmaceutical plant, gotu kola (Centella asiatica) has many potencies, not only from health aspect but also from economical aspect. The high demand for raw material of pharmaceutical industries contributes a high market prospect for gotu kola to expand locally particularly in Bogor. This research aims at designing a business plan of gotu kola leaves processing through the selfmanaged cooperative entrepreneur approach. Cooperative entrepreneur build high motivation of farmer to produce gotu kola by offering highest price. The highest price is due to product as well as market development. This research used the method of quantitative and qualitative data analysis. Quantitative analysis method was used in developing financial planning of the business operation. Business financial report projection of this gotu kola processing and packaging smallholder industry were: Net B/C ratio 2.6 and gross B/C ratio 1.1, and 67% in IRR (Internal Rate of Return). From the financial projection can be concluded that the business was capable to provide a high benefit as well as the farmers’ income increase.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), gotu kola., cooperative entrepreneur, business, bio-pharmaceutical

Judul: Rencana Bisnis Pengembangan Rimpang Kunyit dengan Pendekatan Cooperative Entrepreneur di Bogor
Abstrak: Preparation of business plan is required to simplify and clarify the illustration for entering or starting a business. The non-financial analysis of this business consist of market aspect, operational aspect, organization and human resources aspect, and risk analysis. Product of this processing business is a powdered turmeric are packed with vacuum packaging technology with sell price 228.9 USD (Rp2 610 000) in 10 kg packages. Market target of this product is overseas market, especially in Argentina. The selected enterprise of this business is cooperative where the members are from the turmeric farmers in Bogor. Net profit obtained in the first year is Rp263 205 000, Rp153 383 in the second year, and Rp193 216 in the next years. With cooperative entrepreneur approaches, farmers as a raw material supplier will get higher sell price, there is Rp9 000 in the first year and Rp12 000 in the next years.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), turmeric, cooperative entrepreneur, business plan

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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