Judul: Anticancer activity of green leaf gel cincau ( Premna oblongifolia Merr) powder via apoptosis and antiproliferation pathway in C3H mice transplanted with breastcancer cell
Abstrak: Green leaf gel Cincau (Premna oblongifolia Merr) powder is a rich sources of various phytochemicals including alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, chlorophyl dan carotenoid. In this research the gel extracted from Cincau leaf and made into powder. Green leaf gel Cincau powder activity was conducted on C3H mice were transplanted with breastcancer of Mouse Mamary Tumour Viruses (MMTV). The objectives of the research are to investigate the effect of green leaf gel Cincau on apoptosis and proliferation inhibitions in C3H mice and explored its mechanism.
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Judul: Mechanism of antitumor activity of green gel leaf (premna oblongifolia merr.) Powder on breast tumor cells transplanted c3h mice
Abstrak: This research aims to study the effects of antitumor activity of green gel leaf (Premna oblongifolia Merr.) powder on breast tumor cells transplanted C3H mice. Chemical analysis of the powder and histopathological analysis of the breast tumor tissue of C3H mice were performed. The chemical analysis consist of phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity by free radical scavenger DPPH method. The positive phytochemical compound detection on the powder consists of alkaloids, saponins, phenol hydroquinones, molisch, benedict and tanins. The antioxidant activity by free radical scavenger DPPH method showed that the IC50 Keywords:C3H mice, green gelatin leaves powder dose, HE, CD31, caspase-3 of the powder methanolic extract was 16,90 ppm on the highest inhibition percentage (90,52%) on the 200 ppm concentration of the powder methanolic extract. The histopathological methods consist of haematoxylin-eosin (HE) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. The result showed that the best dose of the powder on the feed was the 2,64%. It was supported by the HE and IHC scores. The HE staining showed that the tumor tissues of the mice groups with 2,64% powder on the feed has the least average differentiation scores. It means that the tumor tissues has least change morphologically by the cell mutation that potentially make it became cancer. The scores were 3,00+0,00 for the lowest tumor weight and volume and 4,00+0,00 for the highest one. The IHC staining showed the tumor tissues has equal average scores for the vascularization (CD31) and apoptotic (caspase-3) scores. The CD31 IHC scores was 3,83+0,98 for non-localized brown color of DAB on the lowest tumor weight and volume. The CD31 IHC scores was 4,17+0,75 for non-localized brown color of DAB on the highest one. The caspase-3 IHC scores were 0,44+0,73 for localized and 3,33+1,58 for non-localized brown color of DAB on the lowest tumor weight and volume. The kaspase-3 IHC scores were 0,38+0,74 for localized and 3,38+0,92 for non-localized brown color of DAB on the highest one. These mean that the dose may decrease relatively the breast tumor weight and volume of the C3H mice.
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Judul: Pemodelan Nilai Tukar Rupiah Terhadap US Dollar Menggunakan Deret  Waktu Hidden Markov Dua Waktu Sebelumnya
Abstrak: Nilai tukar Rupiah terhadap US Dollar mengalami perubahan setiap waktunya dalam periode yang panjang dan perubahan yang terjadi mungkin terjadi kembali di masa mendatang. Jika penyebab kejadiannya tidak diamati secara langsung dan membentuk suatu rantai Markov maka perubahan nilai tukar Rupiah dapat dimodelkan dengan model deret waktu hidden Markov. Untuk menggambarkan perilaku nilai tukar Rupiah terhadap US Dollar, dalam karya ilmiah ini digunakan model deret waktu hidden Markov dua waktu sebelumnya. Model ini mengasumsikan bahwa nilai tukar Rupiah terhadap US Dollar bergantung pada rantai Markov yang merupakan penyebab kejadian yang tidak diamati dan nilai tukar Rupiah dua waktu sebelumnya.
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