Judul: DDetermination of Maize Climate Index Insurance Using Decision Support System for Agrotechnology (DSSAT)
Abstrak: Perubahan iklim salah satunya disebabkan oleh aktivitas manusia yang melepaskan gas rumah kaca ke atmosfer.Jika dibiarkan, fenomena perubahan iklim lebih jauh dapat menciptakan situasi berbahaya yang mengancam stabilitas pertanian dan kehutanan. Tanpa ada upaya adaptasi, dampak perubahan iklim pada sektor pertanian akan semakin meningkat. Salah satu strategi pengelolaan risiko iklim yang telah banyak dikembangkan adalah asuransi pertanian berbasis indeks iklim. Asuransi pertanian berbasis indek iklim diharapkan dapat mendorong petani untuk adopsi teknologi adaptif iklim karena adanya perlindungan melalui asuransi iklim. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan indeks iklim untuk asuransi tanaman jagung di Kabupaten Tulungagung. Indek iklim disusun dengan menggunakan pemodelan simulasi tanaman DSSAT (Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer). Wilayah target untuk pengembangan indek iklim ditentukan dengan menggunakan analisis kluster berdasarkan pola hujan dengan metode K-Mean dan FCM. Wilayah pertanaman jagung dapat dikelompokkan menjadi tiga berdasarkan pola hujannya, yaitu wilayah curah hujan tinggi, sedang dan rendah. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa metode K-means lebih baik dibandingkan FCM. Kemudian, hasil simulasi DSSAT menunjukkan bahwa keragaman hasil tanaman jagung yang paling dipengaruhi oleh keragaman hujan ialah pada pada wilayah curah hujan sedang. Curah hujan selama musim tanam sebesar 810 mm digunakan sebagai nilai indek. Nilai ini didefinisikan sebagai nilai dimana rasio antara penerimaan dan biaya (R/C) sama dengan 1. Periode ulang kejadian tinggi hujan <= 810 mm selama periode perlindungan asuransi yaitu pada Julian Day 41-55 adalah 15 tahun. Berdasarkan analisis Monte Carlo, besar pembayaran premi asuransi iklim untuk Jagung di wilayah hujan sedang ialah antara Rp268.000 sampai Rp382.000 dengan perkiraaan peserta polis antara 6.818 hingga 28.407., Climate change mainly occur due to human activities, which release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Further, this condition can create a dangerous situation that threatens the stability of agriculture and forestry. Without any adaptation efforts, the impact of climate change on the agricultural sector will increase. Agricultural insurance based on climate index has been widely developed as a strategy to manage climate risk due to this phenomenon. Agricultural climate index based insurance is expected to encourage farmers to adopt climate-adaptive technology and provide protection through climate insurance. This study aims to determine the climate index crop insurance for maize in Tulungagung Regency. The climate index was calculated using DSSAT (Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer) as a crop simulation modelling. The target area for the development of the climate index was determined using cluster analysis based on rainfall patterns using the K-Mean and FCM methods. The area of maize cultivation according to the rainfall pattern can be categorized into three groups, namely high, medium, and low rainfall areas. Results of the analysis show that the K-means method is better than FCM. Afterwards, the results of the DSSAT simulation showed that the rainfall fluctuation affected maize yields the most in the area of moderate rainfall. Rainfall during the growing season used as the climate index is 810 mm. This value indicated thatthe ratio of revenues to costs (R/C) is equal to 1. The return period for high rainfall events ≤ 810 mm during the insurance protection period is on Julian Day 41-55 is 15 years. Based on
Keyword: Rainfall, Clustering, DSSAT, Insurance

Judul: Pengembangan model asuransi indeks iklim untuk meningkatkan ketahanan petani padi dalam menghadapi perubahan iklim
Abstrak: Agriculture, particularly the rice farming system (SUT) is very vulnerable to weather and climate related shocks. Crop failure due to these events will be amplified by climate change. As rice is main staple food in Indonesia, these shocks often lead to food insecurity, debt and the destructive of productive assets which can push farmers into persistent poverty. Therefore, it is to develop protection system for farmers from the impact of climate shocks. One of the potential protection system for farmer is Climate Index Insurance. Climate Index Insurance is a promising tool for facilitating adaptation to climate risk. It can help enhance productivity for farmers in normal years by protecting them from the risks of the worst years. This index is very different from conventional crop insurance. The Climate Index Insurance provides payments to the policy holders when the unexpected climate shocks occurred which is called as Climate Index. Thus when the index is met, the policy holders will get insurance claim without any evidence of crop failure. This study aimed to design climate index insurance model for rice farming system at Cikedung of Indramayu district, a district which is prone to drought risk. The study suggests that the seasonal rainfall can be used as climate index for the rice farming. Rainfall index obtained for rice planted in dry season is 183 mm for phase 1 (0-45 days after planting), 136 mm for phase 2 (46-80 days after planting), 119 mm for phase 3 (81-110 days after planting) or 439 mm for the entire phases. Based on interview with farmers, majority of farmers (82%) are in preference to the climate index insurance. However, they willingness to pay the premium varied. Most farmers are willing to pay premium of not more than 200-300 thousand rupiah per season per hectare. This study suggests that the implementation of climate index insurance policy is very potential for protecting and assisting farmers in managing climate risk.
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Judul: Karakteristik Anatomi Skelet Tubuh Buaya Senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii)
Abstrak: Buaya senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii) merupakan buaya besar yang rentan punah dan hanya dapat ditemukan di rawa dataran rendah, danau dan sungai di Sumatera bagian timur, Kalimantan dan Jawa Barat (Indonesia), Serawak, Semenanjung Malaysia (Malaysia) serta Brunei Darussalam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari karakteristik anatomi skelet tubuh buaya senyulong yang dikaitkan dengan fungsi dan perilakunya. Penelitian ini menggunakan satu set preparat skelet tubuh buaya senyulong. Parameter penelitian meliputi pengamatan bentuk bagian skelet yang khas, mengukur panjang dan lebar tulang, serta dibandingkan dengan skelet tubuh jenis buaya lain, biawak air (Varanus salvator) maupun literatur yang terkait dengan sistem skelet tubuh hewan. Karakteristik anatomi skelet tubuh buaya senyulong relatif mirip pada jenis buaya lain. Beberapa karakteristik yang ditemukan yaitu, proatlas pada os atlas, os axis hanya memiliki zygapophysis caudalis, bagian lateral dari ossa vertebrae cervicales yang dilengkapi dengan cervical ribs, memiliki jumlah costae sternalis yang banyak, rangkaian ossa gastralia pada abdomen, ossa vertebrae lumbales memiliki zygapophysis cranialis dengan sudut >90o dari sumbu tubuh. Selain itu, os vertebrae caudalis I memiliki caput cranial dan caudal, ossa vertebrae caudales memiliki processus transversus yang semakin memendek ke arah caudal. Di medioventral tulang ini ditemukan ossa chevron dengan hemal arch sampai menjelang akhir ossa vertebrae caudalis. Skelet tubuh buaya senyulong memiliki hubungan yang kokoh dan kompak untuk menunjang fleksibilitas tubuh untuk berjalan, berenang dan berburu mangsa
Keyword: anatomi, buaya senyulong, skelet tubuh