Judul: Analisis komunikasi partisipatif dalam program pemberdayaan masyarakat (studi kasus pada implementasi musyawarah dalam PNPM mandiri perdesaan di desa Teluk kecamatan Pemayung Kabupaten Batang Hari)
Abstrak: Pemberdayaan (empowerment) dipandang sebagai jawaban atas pengalaman pembangunan yang didasari oleh kebijakan yang terpusat sejak tahun 1970-an sampai 1990-an. Kealpaan pemerintah untuk memberikan ruang partisipasi yang lebih luas kepada rakyat sebagai end user kebijakan publik pada masa itu telah menyebabkan matinya inovasi dan kreasi rakyat untuk memahami kebutuhannya sendiri. Proses pembangunan terpusat yang tidak partisipatif dan cenderung melupakan kebutuhan rakyat pada level grass root itu telah menyadarkan para pemikir kebijakan publik untuk akhirnya berani mengadopsi konsep pemberdayaan yang dipercayai mampu menjembatani partisipasi rakyat dengan stakeholder lain dalam proses pembangunan. Sebagai sebuah model pembangunan berdimensi pemberdayaan perspektif pemerintah yang relatif baru, penelitian tentang PNPM MPd dengan topik analisis komunikasi partisipatif dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat yang dipengaruhi oleh peran dan kredibilitas fasilitator menjadi menarik dan penting untuk dikaji dengan disiplin ilmu komunikasi pembangunan. Kajian dengan paradigma konstruktivis yang peneliti lakukan ini diharapkan dapat melengkapi dan mempertajam hasil-hasil penelitian sebelumnya dan memperkaya khasanah ilmu pengetahuan.
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Judul: Faktor yang memepengaruhi partisipasi masyarakat dalam kegiatan perbaikan prasarana jalan (Kasus: Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (PNPM) Mandiri Perdesaan di Desa Megamendung, Bogor)
Abstrak: The objective of this study are to describe the stage of activities in the PNPM Mandiri project of infrastructure improvement, to analyze level of participation, and to determine factors affecting community participation in road infrastructure improvement in Megamendung village. The road infrastructure improvement is expected to provide short-term and long term economic benefit for the poor households. This study using qualitative and quantitative approach with primary and secondary data and a total respondents of 42 men of Paseban hamlet who were involved in road infrastructure improvement activity.The study shows that the internal factors affecting level of community participation are age and level of education, whereas the external factor that is most influencial on community participation is the activity of assistance team. The team’s frequent visit to the site of project greatly affect people’s participation.
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Judul: Karakteristik Oosit Domba dari Ovarium yang Disimpan pada Suhu dan Periode Waktu yang Berbeda
Abstrak: The aim of the study was to investigate the characteristic of sheep oocytes from the ovaries that was stored on different temperature at a different period of time. Ovaries obtained from the slaughter house. The ovaries were then stored at 4 ˚C for the period of 2, 5-7 and 8-10 h, 27-28 ˚C for the 2, 5-7 and 8-10 h, and the third group was stored at 37-38 ˚C for 2, 5-7 and 8-10 h. At the end of the storage, the oocytes were collected from the ovaries using the slicing method. Collected oocytes were graded as A, B, C and D based on the layers of the cumulus cell and images of the cytoplasm. The percentage of the oocytes for grade A, B, C and D that was derived from the ovaries stored at 4 ˚C are no differ than the other group (P>0.05). The percentage of oocytes of A’s grade from the ovaries stored at the temperature of 27-28 ˚C for 2 hours were higher than the oocytes from the ovaries that were stored for 5-7 and 8-10 hours (P>0.05). Meanwhile the quantity of oocytes with the grade of B, C and D that was derived from the ovaries stored at the temperature of 27-28 ˚C did have not change compared to the other group (P>0.05). The quantity of oocytes with A’s grade that was derived from the ovaries that was kept at the temperature 37-38 ˚C for 2 hours and 5-7 hours (P<0.05) did not show any changes, however there are descending number of oocytes with the A’s grade that was derieved after 8-10 hours of storage (P<0.05). The number of oocytes with the B’s grade that was collected after 5-7 hours after storing was higher compared to those stored for 2 and 8-10 hours (P<0.05). The number of oocytes with the D’s grade is increasing parallel with the length of time for the storage at the temperature 37-38 ˚C (P<0.05). The percentage of the number of oocytes of the A and B’s grade did have not different among other group except for the group of ovaries stored at the temperature of 37-38 ˚C for 5-7 and 8-10 h. These result suggested that storing the ovaries at 27-28 ˚C and 37-38 ˚C for the duration of 5-7 hours preserve the quality of the oocytes better in compared to storing the ovaries at the temperature of 4 ˚C.
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