Judul: Studi Kasus Patologi Feline Infectious  Peritonitis Pada Anak Kucing (Felis Catus)
Abstrak: Penelitian berupa studi kasus telah dilakukan untuk mempelajari perubahan patologi anatomi akibat Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) pada anak kucing. Kasus ini terjadi pada seekor anak kucing ras Persia berumur 4 bulan berjenis kelamin betina. Anak kucing menunjukkan gejala klinis berupa dispnoe, nafas abdominal dan dalam, anoreksia, berat badan turun drastis, lesu dan lemah. Pemeriksaan klinis dengan Roentgent menunjukkan terjadinya akumulasi cairan di rongga perut dan rongga dada, menyebabkan pembengkakan daerah perut disertai kesulitan bernafas. Perubahan patologi anatomi berupa hidrotoraks berisi cairan transudat warna bening kekuningan, sebanyak kurang lebih 100 ml. Pleura pulmonum dan kantong perikardium mengalami penebalan, kardiomyopathy. Ditemukan pula peritonitis fibrinosa dan adanya cairan dalam rongga abdomen. Hidropascites ditemukan lebih sedikit dengan eksudat fibrinous disertai peritonitis, selain itu ditemukan multifokal nekrotikan hepatitis dan splenitis, serta gastroenteritis. Hasil pengamatan histopatologi terlihat pada usus terjadi infiltrasi sel radang pada mukosa dan lamina propria, serta hiperplasia sel epitel. Pada omentum terjadi akumulasi sel limfoid, tubulus ginjal mengalami degenerasi lemak, pada glomerulus terdapat endapan protein. Perihepatitis pada hati ditandai oleh hadirnya infiltrasi sel radang yang didominasi oleh sel mononukleus pada bagian subserosa kapsula. Pada limpa terjadi penebalan kapsula, kongesti, fibrosis, endapan protein dan infiltrasi sel radang. Sel pada folikel limfoid mengalami deplesi, terutama pada bagian tengah banyak terdapat sel retikulum endoplasmik Otot jantung mengalami degenerasi membentuk vakuola dan sitoplasma berisi butiran-butiran protein. Otak mengalami kongesti, infiltrasi sel radang mononuklear, degenerasi neuron, proliferasi sel-sel glia, oedema perivaskular. Meningen mengalami hemoragi dan meningitis yang ditunjukkan dengan hadirnya makrofag dan sel mononuklear. Berdasarkan temuan patologi anatomi dan histopatologi pada anak kucing ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa anak kucing mengalami infeksi virus Feline Infectious Peritonitis tipe basah. Bentuk penyakit yang muncul sangat tergantung pada reaksi kekebalan tubuh kucing, infeksi Feline Infectious Peritonitis terjadi melalui rute fekal-oral. Kata Kunci : Coronavirus, FIP, kucing, patologi, peritonitis.
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Judul: Studi Kasus Feline Infectious Peritonitis pada Male Domestik Shorthair Kucing
Abstrak: Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) adalah proses peradangan perivaskulitis yang dimediasi oleh sistem kekebalan tubuh dan biasanya disebabkan oleh Feline Coronavirusý (FCoV) baik pada kucing peliharaan maupun kucing liar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mempelajari kasus klinis FIP di Rumah Sakit KM Global Animal. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan dengan menganalisis rekam medis pasien yang meliputi anamnesis, sinyalemen, pemeriksaan fisik, pemeriksaan laboratorium dan pengobatan. Nama pasien dalam studi kasus dalam penelitian ini adalah Kitaro dan kucing tersebut secara klinis menunjukkan gejala-gejala seperti lesu, tidak nafsu makan, penurunan berat badan, demam yang berfluktuasi, dan distensi abdomen. Gejala-gejala tersebut dapat digunakan untuk mendiagnosis FIP tipe exuberant. Pada FIP tipe exuberant, daerah abdomen Kitaro mungkin memiliki efusi yang dapat diamati dan dapat dilihat pada pencitraan radiografi. Hasil tes Rivalta positif, berdasarkan analisis cairan menunjukkan anemia regeneratif dengan gambaran darahnya secara mikroskopik adalah normositik normokromik, neutropenia, eosinopenia, dan monositosis semuanya terdeteksi dalam tes hematologi. Rasio albumin/globulin, kreatinin, nitrogen urea darah, dan alkali fosfatase semuanya menunjukkan nilai yang menurun dalam profil biokimia. Perawatan suportif, termasuk terapi cairan, suplemen vitamin B12, dan perangsang nafsu makan dan kortikosteroid diberikan sebagai alternatif pengobatan. Pasien sembuh dan dipulangkan pada hari kelima dan harus tetap diobservasi selama tiga bulan ke depan., Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), is a systemic immune-mediated inflammatory perivasculitis that is usually caused by Feline Coronavirus (FCoV) in both domestic and wild Felidae species. The purpose of this research is to study and review a FIP clinical case in KM Global Animal hospital. This research has analysed patient’s medical records and treatment. The patient’s name in my case study is Kitaro and the symptoms such as lethargy, inappetence, weight loss, fluctuating fever, and abdominal distension wasshown. It can all be used to diagnose exuberant type FIP. In the exuberant type of FIP, the abdomen region of Kitaro may have observable effusions that can be seen on radiographic imaging. Rivalta's test result was positive, according to a fluid analysis. Normocytic normochromic regenerative anemia, neutropenia, eosinopenia and monocytosis were all detected by hematology tests in Kitaro. The albumin/globulin ratio, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and alkaline phosphatase were all lowered in the biochemistry profile. Supportive care, including fluid therapy, vitamin B12 supplements, appetite stimulants and corticosteroids were administered as treatments. Last but not the least, Kitaro survived and was discharged on the fifth day after improving its condition. Eventhough Kitaro was healed, it must be observed for the next three months.
Keyword: effusions, Feline Infectious Peritonitis, feline coronavirus, Rivalta’s test

Judul: The Construction of Greedy SVP LLL Algorithm
Abstrak: A lattice is a set of all integer linear combination of a set of linearly independent vectors in ℝ𝑛���. The independent vectors are called bases of lattice. Any lattice can be generated from many bases, and these bases have the same cardinality. In the lattice, the most fundamental and renowned problem is the Shortest Vector Problem (SVP). SVP is a tracking problem of the shortest nonzero vector in a lattice with equivalent bases. In two dimensions, SVP problem has resolved exactly by Gauss’ algorithm. When the lattice dimension is higher than two, A.K. Lenstra, H.W. Lenstra and L. Lovasz gave a LLL algorithm to compute approximation of nonzero shortest vector in the lattice. Reduced bases solution obtained from LLL algorithm still be an approximation and has polynomial running time of arbitrary dimension which large enough. In 1994, Schnoor and Euchner modified this LLL algorithm as a new variant which later was named deep insertion LLL algorithm. This algorithm is a modified version of the LLL algorithm to the terms of the exchange step to improve the accuracy of output of LLL reduced bases and applying it to the subset sum problem. The purpose of this research are: (1) Reconstruct the LLL algorithm and deep insertion LLL algorithm using a geometric approach. (2) Construct a greedy SVP LLL algorithm. (3) Implement the three algorithms in a symbolic programming language, and evaluate them experimentally. A bases ℬ=[𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑛���] in ℝ𝑚��� is called reduced LLL with parameter 𝛿��� if satisfies: (a) |𝜇���𝑗���𝑖���|≤12, for every integer 𝑖���,𝑗��� with 1≤𝑖���<𝑗���<𝑛���. (b)𝛿���‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���)‖2≤‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���+1)‖2, for 𝑗���=1,2,…,𝑛���−1,where 𝛿��� is a reduced parameter of real numbers with 14<𝛿���<1. The first requirement is the reduced basis 𝛿��� must “nearly orthogonal” and in its computation case, this requirement can be reached out by using the Gram-Schmidt’s orthogonalization. While the second requirement is called exchange step, or used to called as Lovasz condition. By using both of these requirements, then they establish the LLL algorithm. Then, Schnoor and Euchner modify the LLL algorithm based on the requirements of the exchange step called the deep insertion LLL algorithm, where the exchange step is based on the comparison of the projected vector in orthogonal complement [𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑘���−1]⊥ after j-th reduction. To construct greedy SVP LLL algorithm, the requirements of the exchange step is based on purely by comparing norm of lattice 𝐛���𝑗��� with norm lattice 𝐛���𝑖��� for 𝑖���=1,2,3…,𝑗���−1. The process of insertion reduced vector after the exchange step also has done greedily. Then, we calculate the number of arithmetic operation in greedy SVP LLL algorithm for further analysis. The result of our exprimentation for three algorithms on the certain matrix size shows that the running time of the three algorithms increases propotional to the size of the matrix. The result also shows that by using 𝛿���=34 for the LLL algorithm and the deep insertion LLL algorithm, and the greedy SVP LLL algorithm which is a new variant made by using no parameter of 𝛿���, outperform of the other of two previous algorithm in terms of speed with the same output.
Keyword: LLL algorithm, LLL deep insertion algorithm, greedy SVP LLL algorithm