Judul: Development Analysis on Gillnet Fisheries in Karangantu Waters, Serang District - Banten Province
Abstrak: Research on gillnet fisheries in Karangantu waters of Serang District has been conducted from November 2005 to April 2006. This research was aimed to : 1) Identifying factors influencing the gillnet productivity, 2) Analysing economic performance of the gillnet fisheries and 3) Formulating alternative policies on gillnet fisheries development in the area. Data collecting was carried out trought purposive sampling of respondents, interviewing by using prepared questionnares, with using descriptive and survey method. Cobb-Douglas ( Soekartawi, 1999) method was used to determine the factors influencing the gillnet productivity. SWOT analysis ( Mulyono, 1996) and Analytical Hierarchy Process, AHP ( Saaty, 1993) were used for the formulation of the policies. Result of the research shows that from seven independent factors, the net size was indicated to be the most factors influencing the gillnet fisheries productivity. The production model of Cobb-Douglas was Y=0,31-0,041X1+0,78X2+0173X3- 0,0453+0,057X5+0,83X6-0,472X7 with its accuracy data 95% and determinant factor 83,3%. Gillnet fisheries in Karangantu is most dominantly used and show profitable performance (BEP Rp.10.915.000,-/year at the production volume of 4.461 kg/year, net B/C value 1,54, NPV Rp. 54.738.293,- and IRR 74,49%). The earnings of gillnet fishers is above Serang District regional minimum wage rate (2005). The following development strategies were recommended: 1) Controlling the number of fishing gear and fishing effort, 2) Arrangement and controlling the fishing ground (DPI) based on fishing gear and increasing the security assurance, 3) Skill improvement for the gillnet fishers, providing capital investment and marketing, 4) Increasing the size of fishing boat and gillnet size, accurate and timely statistic data are desperately needed.
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Judul: Development of Pelagic Fishing Unit in South Bangka Regency
Abstrak: The fishery condition in South Bangka Regency still has some limitation, among others are the capacity and unattainability of fishing ships, low fishermen knowledge in the modern fishing technology, and capability of local fishermen to fish in a long period is limited, so that they tend to use fishing gear that only sufficient to use a long the shore.Another fact proved that in general fish resource utilization is still carried out using stationary fishing net i.e. bottom gillnet and hand line so that the fishery potency especially pelagic fish is not optimized. The objectives of the research are first to carried out a selection on fishing unit based on, biology, economy, and social aspects, secondly to look for optimum pelagic fishing allocation in the South Bangka Regency and third to determine the strategy for the development of pelagic fishery in South Bangka Regency. The methodology being used were survey and observation on the pelagic fishery condition at the research location. Data was obtained through direct interview with the pelagic fishery fishermen based on the fishings gears they used. Interviews were also carried out with the fishery stakeholders and collectors i.e. PPI Sadai and local fishery ageny officers. The dominant fishing gears used by the fishermen were line fishing, stationary life net, and gillnet. A new fishing gear that was the millenium net that was introduced by Andon fishermen from Indramayu Regency. Based on the financial criteria analysis the stationary life net has the bighest R/C value compared to other fishing gears. Therefore, it is expected that stationary life net will develop rapidly. However, looking into the investment criteria the stationary life net has low B/C value compared to boat life net. In this regard, both fishing gears could be considered to be developed in South Bangka Regency. The analysis of the four (4) aspects i.e. biology, technical, economy, social presented that in sequence the unit that has good prospect to be developed are millennium net boatlife net, line fishing, stationary life net, and gillnet. To have optimum utilization of existing pelagic fish resource a strategy was prepared based on the resource characteristic and local community. The first strategy is fish resource utilization using environment friendly fishing gear and second improved productivity and value added of pelagic fish. The formulated strategy could be taken as a reference by the South Bangka Regency Local Government to decide the policy and program in the development of the pelagic fish in this area using the fishing principle that are accountable and environment friendly, beside that the program should be able to overcome the problem arouse in the community to reach higher fishermen productivity and welfare.
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Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell