Judul: Pemberian sinbiotik dengan dosis berbeda untuk meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan dan sistem imun benih ikan patin Pangasius sp.
Abstrak: Catfish (Pangasius sp.) is one of freshwater commodity which has high economic value. One of problems which often faced by the cultivator in catfish production is the problem of diseases. The aim of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of giving synbiotic with different doses in feed to increase the growth and immune responses on catfish fingerlings. The probiotic used is NP5 (Bacillus sp.), and the prebiotic used is oligosaccharides extracted from sweet potato Sukuh variety. The catfish fingerlings used has average of weight 0,43±0,06 gram and average of length 3.55±0.17 cm, and it was kept as many as 3 fish/liter in aquarium which (30x25x25) cm3 and filled with 10 liter of water. This research has been done in 4 treatments namely K (control), A (adding 0,5 dose of synbiotic), B (adding 1 dose of synbiotic), C (adding 2 dose of synbiotic). The result study shows that giving synbiotic in feed with different doses can give different increasing of growth and immune responses in catfish fingerlings. The catfish fingerlings given 1 dose of synbiotic showed the best increasing of growth and immune responses compared to the other treatments.
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Judul: Pengaruh Pemberian Probiotik Lactobacillus brevis dan Prebiotik Oligosakarida terhadap Respon Imun dan Resistensi Benih Patin Siam (Pangasionodon hypophthalmus) Yang Diinfeksi Aeromonas hydrophila
Abstrak: Thai catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) is one of the important economic and cultivated fish species in Indonesia. while diseases caused by Aeromonas hydrophila often breakout and spread in catfish farming and sometimes cause large economic losses. Aeromonas hydrophila is a causative agent of motile aeromonad septicemia (MAS). The wide and frequent use of antibiotics in aquaculture for this diseases, has resulted in the development and spread of antibiotic resistance. The other alternative for this case were probiotics, prebiotics, and combined of probiotics and prebiotics (synbiotics). Probiotics are live microbial supplements that beneficially affect the host animal by improving its microbial balance. These strains commonly used as probiotics were Lactobacillus. Prebiotics are non-digestible food ingredients that stimulate the growth with selective of intestinal microbial like bifidogenic and lactic acidbacteria in the gastro-intestinal tract. Typically, the prebiotics consist of oligosaccharides, like fructooligosaccharide (FOS), dan galactooligosaccharide (GOS).The aim of this study was to evaluate of probiotic Lactobacillus brevis, prebiotic Oligosaccharides and synbiotics upon the population bacteria in the intestine, immune response, survival (SR), and growth rate (SGR) of Thai Catfish seeds (Pangasionodon hypophthalmus) which was infected by Aeromonas hydrophila. The study was carried out at the Fish Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Bogor Agricultural University; College of Fisheries university Extension Programe; and Main Centre of Freshwater Aquaculture Development, on October – December 2012. The parameters were total number of Lactobacillus sp. in the gut, total number of erythrocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leucocyte, differntial leucocyte, and phagocytic activity, survival rate, growth rate, FCR (feed convertion ratio), and water quality. For in vivo test 5 (five) treatments and three replicated utilized, i.e. positive control (K(+)), negative control (K(-)), probiotic (Pro), prebiotics Oligosaccharides (Pre) and sinbiotics (Sin). One-way ANOVA was used to determine differences among the treatments. When a significant (p<0.05) difference was detected, the means were compared by use of Duncan’s multiple range test, and analysed by Xl-stat programe The results of the characteristics test showed that the species of probiotic and pathogen were Lactobacillus brevis and Aeromonas hydrophila respectively. In vivo test was carried out in 5 (five) treatments, i.e. positive control (K(+)), negative control (K(-)), probiotic (Pro), prebiotic (Pre) and synbiotic (Sin). The results showed that the total number of Lactobacillus sp. in the gut were between vi 101-106 (CFU/gr) and the total number of erythrocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leucocyte, differntial leucocyte, and phagocytic activity have shown significant different (p<0.05) with control at the some times. The treatments of Sin, Pre, Pro and K(-) were at 100% in survival rate (SR), while K(+) was (43.33 ± 11.55)%. The growth rate showed significant different (p<0.05), with the highest value was on Sin treatment (3,37 ± 0.14)%. The FCR of Pro, Pre, and Sin were 1,414±0,13; 1,431±0,08 and 1,305±0,08. This fact suggested that Sin was better than the other treatments in immune respon at total erythrocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and total leucocyte.
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Judul: Utilization of terra/MODIS L1B data for analysis of horizontal wind profile in the troposphere
Abstrak: This study was concerned with horizontal wind derived from data collected with the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on board the NASA’s Earth Observation System (EOS)-Terra satellite. The aim of this study is to develop a method for the estimation of horizontal wind movement in the troposphere based on Navier-Stokes equation. The method was applied to a calibrated and geolocated Terra/MODIS L1B 1 km data set. The data inputs to estimate surface temperature are retrieved from TIR (Thermal Infrared) bands 31 (10.780 μm to 11.280 μm) and 32 (11.770 μm to 12.270 μm). The obtained surface temperatures were later used to approximate geopotential height on a constant-pressure surface by using the modified Poisson equation. The main assumptions used are the hydrostatic equilibrium, ideal gas law, constant lapse rate and constant acceleration of gravity. Based on the distribution of geopotential height, the pressure gradient force is measured by the gradient of geopotential on an isobaric coordinate to present the horizontal wind profile. For certain topographic areas especially in the mountain ranges, there was a disadvantage of using pressure as a vertical coordinate which lead to inaccuracy. In spite of that, Terra/MODIS L1B data with 1 km spatial resolution can be used to estimate the horizontal wind movement in the troposphere.
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