Judul: Planting Medium, Nutrition and Mowing Engineering to Improve Visual and Functional Qualities of Soccer Field’s Grass.
Abstrak: Soccer is one of the popular sport around the world. Soccer requires field with excellent performance for the player perfomance. Soccer field have to comply quality standards, including national and international standards. The problems of soccer field occurred in Indonesia were the suitability of grass type election, planting medium, and grass growth which were influenced by climate and nutrition availability. This was conducted to evaluate the effect of planting medium composition, nutrient, and mowing on grass quality of three soccer fields, to observe the effect of different planting medium composition, nutrition, and mowing on visual and functional qualities of grass growth, to give suggestion for management of soccer field related planting medium, nutrient, and mowing in order to produce excellent grass field. The methods consisted of survey and experiment. Survey method involves visiting three soccer fields to identify management techniques and soccer field issues. Experiment method was divided into planting manila grass and applying the treatment namely planting medium modification, different level of nutrient, and different height of mowing. The parameter of this method was density, color, texture, elasticity, yield, root length, and dry weight of root. The survey was conducted in three soccer stadiums namely Gelora Bung Karno Stadium, Si Jalak Harupat Stadium, and Maguwoharjo Stadium. Grass quality of Maguwoharjo Stadium has the lowest quality than the others because the shortage of fertilizers condition in planting medium. Consequently, it affected grass growth and performance. Based on the existing problems, some improvements of planting medium fertility were needed to get the optimal growth and performance in Maguwoharjo Stadium. As for the results, the interaction of three treatment factors was not significant. Significant influence was only detected in one or two treatment factors interaction, but the significant influence was not seen at all in each observation variables. It was recommended for manila turfgrass using medium of sand, fertilizing 5 g/m2 of N, 2,5 g/m2 of P2O5, and 2,5 g/m2 of K2O once a month, and mowing at height of 2 cm.
Keyword: management, soccer field quality, Zoysia matrella

Judul: Kualitas visual dan fungsional rumput golf Cynodon dactylon var Tifway yang diberi pupuk NPK pada media campuran pasir dan bentonit
Abstrak: Golf is one of preferable sports that people do to maintain health. Golf course quality depends on the grass quality. Using the efficient fertilizer and the right growing media are the way to maintain the golf course grass quality. Therefore, the objectives of this research was to learn the visual and functional qualities of golf course grass Cynodon dactylon var Tifway that added with NPK fertilizer and sand with bentonite mixture and to suppose recommendation of the most appropriate and efficient fertilizer and growing media mixture composition. The experiment was arranged in factorial Randomized Block Design. The treatments consisted of two factor, NPK rate at 2.5 g/m2, 5 g/m2, and 10 g/m2; sand media 100 %, sand 87.5 % with bentonite 12.5 %, and sand 75% with bentonite 25%. The result showed that combination of highest NPK fertilizer dosage and media mixing of sand and bentonite created the best effect to visual quality (grass color) and functional qualities (grass height, yields, density). Combination NPK fertilizer dosage at 10 g N/m2/application and sand 87.5 % with bentonite 12.5 % was the recommendation of this research
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), visual quality, sand, functional quality, bermuda grass, bentonite

Judul: Grup Abelian Berhingga dari Barisan Genomik DNA  (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
Abstrak: Informasi genetik yang memprogram semua aktivitas sel terdapat dalam bentuk kode di dalam molekul DNA. Grup kodon dari basa nukleotida DNA {A, C, G, U} tidak dapat merepresentasikan daerah non kode dalam genom yang disebabkan oleh mutasi penghapusan serta penyisipan pada barisan genomik DNA. Dalam karya ilmiah ini grup kodon diperluas dengan menambahkan huruf O untuk menandakan mutasi penghapusan atau penyisipan pada kodon untuk semua triplet diperluas 1 2 3 X X X dengan i X Î{O, A, C, G, U} dari barisan genomik DNA. Grup kodon yang diperluas isomorfik dengan grup bilangan bulat modulo 125. Grup abelian berhingga dari barisan genomik DNA yang dibentuk dari himpunan seluruh pasangan terurut triplet ekson dan intron pada untai DNA isomorfik dengan grup jumlah langsung bilangan bulat modulo 64 dan 125. Kemudian grup abelian berhingga tersebut direpresentasikan sebagai grup jumlah langsung 2-grup dan 5-grup homosiklik. Bagian barisan genomik DNA tanpa penyisipan membangun blok gen yang direpresentasikan oleh 2-grup homosiklik, sedangkan bagian barisan genomik DNA yang dipengaruhi oleh penyisipan direpresentasikan oleh 5-grup homosiklik.
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