Judul: Polimer konduktif komposit polietilena glikol-TiO2 sebagai perangkat sel surya
Abstrak: Sel surya tersensitisasi zat warna (DSSC) merupakan alat yang mampu mengonversi energi matahari menjadi energi listrik. DSSC terdiri atas 4 komponen, yaitu elektrode kerja, zat warna, elektrolit, dan elektrode lawan. Penelitian ini menentukan pengaruh polietilena glikol (PEG) yang dikompositkan dengan titanium dioksida (TiO2) menggunakan zat warna acid blue 80. Komposit PEG:TiO2 dibuat dengan komposisi 6:10, 7:10, dan 8:10. Pencirian acid blue 80 menggunakan spektrofotometer ultraviolet-tampak menunjukkan 2 pita serapan maksimum pada 625.6 dan 581.6 nm. Spektrum inframerah transformasi Fourier dari komposit PEG-TiO2 menunjukkan serapan gugus Ti-O-O pada 1242.16 cm-1 dan -OH pada 3383.93 cm-1. Komposit PEG-TiO2 (6:10) berhasil diaplikasikan pada sistem DSSC dengan efisiensi optimum 0.09% .
Keyword: acid blue 80, conductive polymer, DSSC, PEG, TiO2

Judul: Kinerja Sel Surya Tersensitisasi Pewarna dengan Membran Elektrolit Polistirena Tersulfonasi dan Pewarna Ekstrak Gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb).
Abstrak: Sel surya tersensitisasi pewarna (DSSC, dye sensitized solar cell ) adalah sel surya yang mengubah energi matahari menjadi energi listrik dengan menggunakan pewarna (dye) sebagai bahan pemeka cahaya atau sensitizer. Pewarna yang digunakan adalah ekstrak gambir (Uncaria gambir). DSSC terdiri atas sepasang kaca transparan bersifat konduktif yang dipisahkan oleh lapisan elektrolit redoks. Lapisan elektrolit redoks yang digunakan merupakan campuran dari larutan I-/I3- (iodida/triiodida) dengan polistirena tersulfonasi (PSS) dan polistirena (PS). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur kinerja DSSC. Kinerja DSSC dievaluasi dengan 2 perlakuan, yaitu elektrode kerja (TiO2) direndam pewarna dan elektrode kerja (TiO2) dicampur pewarna. Hasil pengukuran efisiensi TiO2/lapisan elektrolit PSS dengan direndam pewarna adalah 3.5345×10-4% dan efisiensi TiO2/lapisan elektrolit PSS dengan dicampur pewarna adalah 7.4377×10-4%. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa TiO2/lapisan elektrolit PSS dengan dicampur pewarna memiliki efisiensi (kemampuan mengubah cahaya matahari menjadi listrik) lebih besar dibandingkan dengan yang direndam pewarna.
Keyword: DSSC, polistirena tersulfonasi, gambir

Judul: Studies on growth spurt and aging in higher primates
Abstrak: single measurement that best defines the health and nutritional status of children, just as it provides an indirect measurement of the quality of life of an entire population. The pattern of human growth reflects the biocultural evolution of our species. The human pattern of growth and development (ontogeny) appears to differ markedly from patterns of ontogeny in other primate species. Three studies are reported here which deal to the growth and development of human and chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). These three studies allow us to contrast the phenomena of adolescence growth spurt and female elderly bone loss in chimpanzee and human as chimpanzee is the closest species to humans within extant nonhuman primates. In the first, a cross-sectional study of growth of the body size and somatotype of 363 Javanese girls and 299 Javanese boys aged 4 to 20 years from Magelang Regency, Indonesia was described. In the second, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in the growth of chimpanzee second metacarpal bone linear dimensions from individuals aged 0 to 43.6 years were used for comparison. While in the third, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in the growth of chimpanzee body size (body mass and anterior trunk length) and second metacarpal bone mineral content were derived. In measuring the second metacarpal dimensions and mineral content, a total of 568 radiographs of chimpanzee's proximodistal left hands were used. They were taken from 68 females and 49 males aged 0 to 43.62 years old. We applied an image analysis system, Scion Image Release Alpha 4.0.3.2 software for Windows to measure bone linear dimensions and bone mineral content. Humans present complex and sinuous growth curves for both body weight and height. A clear growth spurt could be demonstrated by cross-sectional analysis in our girl subjects at around aged 11.5 years and in our boy subjects at around aged 12.5 years. In longitudinal series, not in cross-sectional, several representative chimpanzees of both sexes showed a pre-adult growth spurt on the body sizes, bone dimensions and bone mineral content. They ranged at age 4.5 to 8.5 years. This underscore the fact that adolescent growth spurt in linear dimension was not a universal feature of anthropoid primate ontogeny. Bone loss is a well established characteristic of human female aging. Based on crosssectional analyses the sequential decline of bone mass in female chimpanzee may be said to be genuine. On the other hand, we found in adulthood through elderly, male chimpanzees show a longer plateau than female chimpanzee, that is, bone mineral content is maintained in male.
Keyword: Javanese children, growth spurt, chimpanzee, second metacarpal bone, bone loss, Higher Primates