Judul: Deteksi Bakteri Gram Negatif pada Permukaan Daun Kemangi Ocimum basillicum dari Tiga Pasar Tradisional di Bogor.
Abstrak: Ocimum basilicum atau kemangi umumnya dikonsumsi secara mentah oleh masyarakat Indonesia, namun sayuran mentah mudah terkontaminasi bakteri patogen. Penelitian sebelumnya menemukan sayuran mentah terkontaminasi bakteri patogen Gram-negatif dan memiliki kemampuan produksi hemolisin. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeteksi bakteri Gram-negatif pada daun kemangi (Ocimum basilicum) yang diperoleh dari tiga pasar tradisional di Bogor. Isolasi dan kuantifikasi bakteri menggunakan pengenceran berseri yang disebar pada media nutrient agar menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata jumlah bakteri pada permukaan daun kemangi adalah 9.6 x 107 CFU/g. Daun kemangi yang diperoleh dari Pasar 2 memiliki jumlah bakteri terbanyak yaitu 11.3 x 107 CFU/g. Masing-masing bakteri dengan morfologi koloni yang sama yaitu basil selanjutnya dimurnikan dan dikarakterisasi secara fisiologis. Sembilan isolat bakteri yang diperoleh mampu tumbuh pada media selektif (SSA, BSA, dan EMBA). Pewarnaan Gram menunjukkan seluruh isolat bakteri tergolong bakteri Gram-negatif. Kemampuan hemolisis isolat bakteri diuji menggunakan media blood agar base, tiga dari sembilan isolat bakteri mampu menghasilkan hemolisin. Identifikasi molekular dengan 16S rRNA menunjukkan isolat-isolat bakteri tergolong kelompok Providencia sp., Proteus sp., Pseudomonas sp., dan Kluyvera sp..
Keyword: Gram-negative bacteria, raw vegetable, tradisional market

Judul: Sifat Antibakteri Dari Ekstrak Daun Kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L.) Dan Daun Tespong (Onanthe javanica D.C.)
Abstrak: Antimicrobial test in the Ocimum basilicumL and Onanthe javanica D.C. done to find out teh potential of antibacterial at the plant as a herbs plant utilization. Herb plants used as raw material for traditional medicine and modern. Antibacterial test was carried using Kirby-Bauer method.Based on the results of the study, extracts of Ocimum basilicum L , Onanthe javanica D.C, ampicillin and chloramphenicol can’t inhibit the growth of E.coli and B.cereus. This is caused due to bacteris that are resistant to the antibiotics used in the synthesis and natural.
Keyword: antibiotic resistant, antimicrobial, Onanthe javanica D.C, Ocimum basilicumL

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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