Judul: Pola Spektrum Inframerah Transformasi Fourier untuk Identifikasi Karagenan dengan Metode Analisis Komponen Utama
Abstrak: Infrared (IR) spectroscopy technique combined with chemometric was used as an alternative method to characterize carageenans. Five types of carageenans (foodgrade kappa, non-blaeching kappa, bleaching kappa, iota, and mixture of kappa with iota) were analyzed using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technique. The principal component analysis was used to get the spectral classification based on sample origins. The preprocessed IR spectra (normalization, baseline correction, derivatization, and smoothing), showed better calassification result as compared with the non-preprocessed IR spectra. The preprocessed IR spectra that showed a better classification was obtained from the entire spectral data in the wavenumber range of 400-4000 cm-1. The first two principal component (PCs) of the data score plot on this set data represent 87% of the total variance (PC1= 76%, PC2= 11%). Therefore, this technique succesfully differentiated the five types of carageenans used in the experiment.
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Judul: Diskriminari Rambut Babi, Kambing, dan Sapi Menggunakan Spektroskopi Inframerah Transformasi Fourier dan Kemometrika
Abstrak: Kuas yang digunakan dalam produksi makanan banyak berasal dari rambut hewan, seperti babi, kambing, dan sapi. Penggunaan rambut babi pada kuas makanan akan menyebabkan makanan menjadi tidak halal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan metode analisis untuk diskriminasi rambut babi, kambing, dan sapi menggunakan spektroskopi inframerah transformasi Fourier (FTIR) dan kemometrika. Spektrum inframerah dipayar menggunakan spektrofotometer FTIR dengan aksesoris pantulan total terlemahkan pada bilangan gelombang 1000-4000 cm-1. Intensitas dari 1215-2007 cm-1 dan 3467-3989 cm-1 dipilih untuk analisis selanjutnya, yaitu membuat model diskriminasi untuk rambut hewan yang diuji. Pengelompokan sampel berdasarkan asalnya diperoleh dengan menggunakan analisis komponen utama dengan persen kumulatif KU1 dan KU2 adalah 87.1%. Kombinasi analisis komponen utama dan analisis diskriminan, semua sampel dapat dikelompokan ke dalam kelompoknya. Berdasarkan metode validasi silang, 77.8% sampel dapat dikelompokan dengan benar. Tetapi, metode analisis gerombol tidak dapat mengelompokan rambut dari 3 jenis hewan tersebut.
Keyword: ATR-FTIR, chemometrics, cow’s hair, goat’s hair, pig’s hair

Judul: Impact Of water policy on poverty reduction and women roles in water management In Zimbabwe
Abstrak: Water management is a key factor in the battle to remove the scourge of extreme poverty and to build secure and prosperous lives for people in the developing world. The water sector in Zimbabwe is complicated by the large number of actors; it is interwoven within various ministries. The research used secondary data and review of literature to evaluate how the current water policy has contributed towards marginalising women and the poor. It looked at how actors can also marginalise or put other actors at risk thereby undermining their role through prioritisation of certain projects, stakeholder participation and usage policy. From a descriptive analysis it is found that women are further relegated and marginalised. The poor are further impoverished through marginalisation and vulnerability. The policy environment favours business and state interests against those of grassroots actors and women. It recommends the establishment of home grown pro- poor water management strategies.
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