Judul: Kebiasaan Minum, Kebutuhan Cairan Dan Kecenderungan Dehidrasi Siswi Sekolah Dasar
Abstrak: The objective of this research was to assess drinking habbit, fluid requirement and sign of dehydration among female elementary school student. Cross sectional study was done from May to June 2009 in Polisi 4 Elementary School Bogor. The samples were student at grade 4 and 5 and healthy as an inclusive criteria. The number of sample was calculated by mean estimation. The average fluid intake from food and beverage are 2024,4 ± 287,4 ml/day. The average fluid intake from food is 426,6 ± 126 ml/day and from beverage is 1597,8 ± 243 ml/day. The average fluid requirement of sample based on Grant & DeHoog (1999) in Mahan K. & Escott-Stump (2004) is 1789,7 ± 158,1 ml. Based on sign of dehydration, there is 62,8% of samples haved mild dehydration. The level of fluid consumption doesn’t have significant correlation with the trend of dehydration. Energy intake has significant correlation with the level of fluid consumption (r=0,322 ; p<0,01).
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Judul: Kebiasaan minum, kebutuhan cairan dan kecenderungan dehidrasi siswa sekolah dasar
Abstrak: Tujuan umum dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kebiasaan minum dan kebutuhan cairan serta status hidrasi pada siswa SD Polisi 4 Bogor. Adapun tujuan khususnya adalah (1) Mengetahui kebiasaan minum siswa, (2) Mengetahui intake cairan siswa, (3) Mengetahui kebutuhan cairan siswa, (4) Mengetahui status hidrasi siswa (5) Menganalisis hubungan persentase tingkat konsumsi cairan dengan status hidrasi siswa, (6) Menganalisis hubungan intake energi dengan persentase tingkat konsumsi cairan pada siswa. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional study. Penelitian dilakukan dengan wawancara serta pengisian lembar recall dan FFQ (Food Frequency Questionaire) di SD Polisi 4 Bogor. Penentuan sekolah yang dijadikan lokasi penelitian dilakukan secara purposive. Contoh penelitian ini adalah adalah siswa kelas 4 dan 5 SD Polisi 4 Bogor dengan kriteria sehat (tidak sedang menderita penyakit diare, ginjal, demam berdarah, serta radang tenggorokan). Jumlah populasi adalah 169. Jumlah contoh sebanyak 86 siswa yang dihitung menggunakan formula estimasi of mean. Jenis data yang dikumpulkan berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer meliputi data karakteristik contoh (umur, BB, TB dan jumlah uang saku untu pengeluaran pangan). Data karakteristik sosial ekonomi keluarga contoh meliputi besar keluarga, pekerjaan ayah dan pendidikan ayah. Data sekunder meliputi pendidikan ayah dan pekerjaan ayah diperoleh dari database yang terdapat di sekolah. Data kebiasaan minum contoh diperoleh dari FFQ (Food Frequency Questionaire). Kebiasaan minum di sekolah diperoleh melalui wawancara langsung dengan contoh. Data intake cairan merupakan total intake cairan dari makanan dan minuman. Kecenderungan dehidrasi dilihat dari tanda-tanda dehidrasi antara lain haus, lelah, kulit kering, mulut dan tenggorokan kering (Asian Food Information Centre 2000). Kebutuhan cairan contoh dihitung dengan rumus Grant & DeHoog (1999) yang diacu dalam Mahan K. & Escott- Stump (2004) serta berdasarkan rekomendasi dari The National Research Council (NRC) diacu dalam Sawka M et al. (2005). Hubungan antara persentase tingkat konsumsi cairan dengan kecenderungan dehidrasi dianalisis menggunakan Uji Chi Square, hubungan antara intake energi dengan persentase tingkat konsumsi cairan dianalisis menggunakan Uji Korelasi Pearson. ...
Keyword: School children, Fluid intake, Sign of dehydration

Judul: Paralellization Multiple Sequence Alignment
Abstrak: Sequence alignment (sequence alignment) is one of the problems in molecular biology that can be solved with the help of computer programs. The purpose of an alignment is to identify similarity region of sequence in Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), Ribonucleic acid (RNA), or protein. One of sequence alignment methods is Needleman-Wunsch which includes all sequences in its alignment. The Needleman-Wunsch method has high computational complexity with value of O(n2). Similarly, multiple sequence alignment (MSA) that processes k sequences one by one by using Star Alignment method has complexity of O(k2n2). Therefore, the main problem in MSA using Star Alignment method is computational time. However, the Star Alignment method can still obtain high accuracy. The time consuming problem faced by Star Alignment method can be solved by applying parallel computing technique implemented using multiple computers working together as a network system. This research focuses on finding a faster method to process MSA based on Star Alignment method using parallel computing. The proposed method is implemented using Message Passing Interface (MPI). The evaluation is conducted by calculating speed up. The experiment results show that the paralellization of the Star Alignment method can increase speed up 4-6 times faster than that of using single CPU.
Keyword: Needleman-Wunsch, Multiple Sequence Alignment, Star Alignment, Parallel Computing