Judul: Perbandingan Struktur Anatomi dan Beberapa Sifat Fisis Penting Tiga Jenis Kayu Meranti (Shorea spp.) Asal Kalimantan.
Abstrak: Kayu meranti -untuk tujuan praktis- digolongkan menjadi tiga kelompok, yaitu meranti merah, putih, dan kuning. Tampilan yang hampir sama dan kurangnya pengetahuan tentang karakteristik masing-masing kelompok bahkan masing-masing jenis mengakibatkan kekurangtepatan dalam menetapkan proses pengerjaan, tujuan penggunaan, dan juga besar pemasukan (pajak) bagi negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi ciri pembeda antar tiga kelompok kayu meranti melalui kajian struktur anatomi dan beberapa sifat fisis penting. Bahan utama adalah kayu meranti merah, putih, dan kuning berupa disk setebal ± 5 cm dan diameter ± 58 cm dari Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Pengamatan struktur anatomi baik makro- maupun mikroskopis, serta pengukuran sifat fisis kayu dilakukan menggunakan prosedur standar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum terdapat perbedaan dan persamaan ciri anatomi dan sifat fisis kayu diantara ketiganya. Untuk tujuan praktis di lapangan, karakteritik pembeda diantara ketiganya adalah bau khas menyerupai damar pada kayu meranti merah, saluran radial pada kayu meranti putih, dan parenkim aliform pada kayu meranti kuning. Sifat fisis kurang praktis digunakan sebagai ciri pembeda.
Keyword: meranti kuning, meranti merah, meranti putih, sifat fisis, struktur anatomi

Judul: Struktur Anatomi dan Sifat Fisis serta Alternatif Tujuan Penggunaan Tiga Jenis Kayu Asal Kalimantan
Abstrak: Wood is a product of living organism that has special characteristic and appearance. Every single species has its own character. Indonesia has about 4000 species of woody plants, but only 95 species have been studied comprehensively. Therefore, study on wood properties is very important not only for determining their proper utilization, but also for better processing and further treatments. Among thousands of existing wood species in Kalimantan, utilization of Belangeran (Shorea Balangeran (Korth.) Buck), Bungur (Lagerstroemia speciosa Pers.) and Medang (Cinnamomum spp.) woods is still limited and has not optimize yet. Through well understanding of their wood characteristics and properties, utilization of these three wood species become more optimize. It was hope that these three woods could be utilized as the alternative to replace the conventional species which tended to decrease year by year. The main material used is a small piece of wood (a disc 5 cm thick) extracted from tree stem at 1.3 meters above the ground from each species. From each disc, wood sample for every measurement was taken representatively following procedural standard. Macroscopic characteristics consist of wood color, figure, texture, grain, lustre, odor and hardness, while microscopic characteristics consist of pore (its arrangement and distribution, perforation plate, pitting structure on the cell wall and contain); ray parenchym (its size, composition and contain); type of axial parenchym and fiber morphology. Microscopic observation was conducted through the maceration specimens of Schlutze and the microtome specimens of Sass. Physical properties of wood consist of moisture content as well as density and specific gravity. The result showed that wood color of three species studied varied: reddish brown in Belangeran, pale brown to reddish in Bungur and yellowish brown in Medang. Heartwood and sapwood demarcation is clearly distinguished only in Belangeran wood, while growth ring is clearly only in Bungur wood. Diffuse pattern of pore was found in Belangeran and Medang woods, while ring porous pattern in Bungur wood. Generally, their vessels are solitary and radially multiple 2-4 cells. Vestured pit, tilosis and axial intercellular channels are the specific characters of Belangeran wood, while Bungur wood are vestured pit and prismatic crystal. Specific characters of Medang wood is yellowish white of amorphous material and oil cell (laticifer). Regarding to pulp and paper raw material, fiber quality of three wood species studied belong to Class III. In term of strengthness, these three wood species are suitable for structural purposes: Belangeran is for Strength Class II, while Medang and Bungur Strength Class III. Belangeran and Bungur woods are also potential as raw material of meubel and furniture.
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Judul: Zero-inflated negative binomial models in small area estimation.
Abstrak: The problem of over-dispersion in Poisson data is usually solved by introducing prior distributions which lead to negative binomial models. Poisson data sometime is also suffered by excess zero problems, a condition when data contains too many zero or exceeds the distribution's expectation. Zero Inflated Negative Binomial (ZINB) method can be utilized to solve such problems. This paper demonstrates the adaption of ZINB methods in Small Area Estimation with excess zero data. It is shown that the excess zero problem has substantially influenced the Empirical Bayes (EB) estimates, and the adaption of ZINB methods has improved the precision and reliability of the estimates. Key Words: Small Area Estimation, Zero-Inflation, Poisson-Gamma, Negative Binomial Regression, Empirical Bayes
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