Judul: Analisis Ekspresi Gen Stresor pada Benih Ikan Lele Clarias gariepinus Pascacekaman Nitrit
Abstrak: Tantangan yang dihadapi dalam budidaya intensif ikan lele adalah akumulasi amonia dan nitrit yang berasal dari amonifikasi sisa pakan dan ekskresi ikan. Amonia dan nitrit bersifat toksik dan dapat menyebabkan stres pada ikan. Salah satu respons fisiologis dari tubuh ikan terhadap paparan amonia dan nitrit adalah terjadinya transkripsi gen stresor yang mengodekan protein heat shock protein-70 (HSP-70) dan Cu-superoxide dismutase (Cu-SOD). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat ekspresi gen HSP-70 dan Cu-SOD pada benih ikan lele Clarias gariepinus pascacekaman nitrit. Penelitian ini menggunakan lethal concentration 50 (LC50) nitrit yaitu 10 mg.L-1 untuk mematikan 50% populasi benih lele dalam kurun waktu 24 jam, menggunakan tiga akuarium yang masing-masing berisi 30 ekor benih ikan lele dengan volume 10 L yang dilengkapi dengan aerasi. Pada jam ke-0, 3, 6, dan 12 selama perlakuan, RNA total diekstraksi dari whole body ikan lele menggunakan pereaksi GENEzol (Geneaid, Taiwan). RNA total hasil isolasi dikuantifikasi menggunakan GeneQuant DNA calculator dan sintesis cDNA dilakukan menggunakan kit ReverTraAce® qPCR RT Master Mix with gDNA Remover (Toyobo, Jepang). Ekspresi gen dianalisis menggunakan metode real-time PCR (qPCR) menggunakan mesin Rotor Gene (Corbett research, USA). Tingkat ekspresi gen HSP-70 dan Cu-SOD meningkat pada jam ke-3 dan ke-6 dibandingkan kondisi awal dengan pola yang berbeda. Nilai ekspresi gen tertinggi terjadi pada jam ke-3 pascacekaman nitrit 10 mg.L-1. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, gen Cu-SOD lebih berpeluang menjadi gen penanda untuk seleksi ikan lele tahan cekaman nitrit.
Keyword: Clarias gariepinus, Cu-superoxide dismutase (Cu-SOD), heat shock protein-70 (HSP-70), nitrit

Judul: Analysis of Cu-SOD Gene Expression as Candidates for Molecular Marker Selection for Nitrite Stress-Resistant Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
Abstrak: Nitrit merupakan salah satu zat toksik yang secara alami berada dalam perairan. Paparan nitrit dapat menginduksi produksi reactive oxygen species (ROS) yang bisa merusak fisiologi sel dalam tubuh ikan. Sekuens gen Cu-SOD adalah gen yang mengodekan regulasi kerja enzim antioksidan untuk mereduksi dampak ROS. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja ekspresi gen Cu-SOD benih lele terhadap paparan nitrit pada uji tantang LC70. Metode yang digunakan adalah lethal concentration 70 (LC70). Sesuai hasil penentuan konsentrasi LC70, benih ikan lele diberi paparan nitrit sebesar 32,3 mg/L. Terdapat dua jenis sampel yaitu ikan yang aktif dan lemas yang masing-masing diambil pada jam 6, 12, dan 24. Pada jam ke-0, 4 ikan perlakuan nitrit diambil sebagai sampel awal. Sampel ikan diambil pada bagian ventral, tepatnya organ dan otot badan di bawah insang hingga mendekati ekor. Pengambilan sampel kualitas air dilakukan pada jam 0, 12, dan 24. Ekspresi relatif gen Cu-SOD pada benih lele yang aktif dari jam ke-0 hingga 12 relatif sama dan meningkat secara signifikan pada jam ke-24. Pada benih lele yang lemas, ekspresi gen jam ke-0 dan 6 tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antara keduanya, kemudian menurun pada jam ke-12 yang menunjukkan berbeda nyata, dan pada jam ke-24 meningkat secara signifikan. Perbedaan nyata pada ekspresi gen Cu-SOD antara ikan yang aktif dan lemas hanya terjadi pada jam ke-6. Dengan demikian, gen Cu-SOD berpotensi digunakan sebagai marka dengan membandingkan sekuen DNA ikan yang aktif dan lemas pada jam ke-6 paska tantang nitrit., Nitrite is a toxic substance that naturally occurs in waters. Nitrite exposure can induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which can damage the physiology of cells in the fish body. Cu-SOD gene sequences are genes that encode the regulation of antioxidant enzymes to reduce the impact of ROS. This study aims to analyze the performance of Cu-SOD gene expression of catfish fry against nitrite stress in the LC70 challenge test. The method used were lethal concentration 70 (LC70). According to the results of determining the concentration of LC70, catfish fry were given exposure to nitrite of 32.3 mg / L. There were two types of samples, namely active and limp fish, which were taken at 6, 12, and 24 hours respectively. At 0 hours, 4 fish treated with nitrite were taken as initial samples. Fish samples were taken in the ventral part, to be precise about organ and body muscle under the gills to approach the tail. Water quality samples were taken at 0, 12, and 24 hours. Relative expression of Cu-SOD gene in active catfish fry from 0 to 12 hours was relatively the same and increased significantly at 24 hours. In limp catfish fry, gene expression at 0 and 6 hours did not show a significant difference between the two, then decreased at 12 hours which showed significantly different, and at 24 hours increased significantly. The real difference in Cu-SOD gene expression between active and limp fish only occurred at the 6th hour. Thus, the Cu-SOD gene could potentially be used as a marker by comparing the DNA sequences of active and limp fish at 6 hours post nitrite
Keyword: Expression, Nitrite, LC70, ROS, Cu-SOD

Judul: Enterprise Architecture Modeling With TOGAF ADM in International Based School Pioneer-Galunggung Elementary School Tasikmalaya
Abstrak: Increased use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in an organization aims to enhance competitiveness in various fields. In this era of globalization education becomes one of the fields that make use of ICT as a medium to enhance the educational process at a primary, secondary and higher. Enterprise architecture is a way to build the information architecture of an organization that focuses on the architecture of data, applications and technology. The methodology use to compile the information is TOGAF architecture framework. TOGAF provides a method and tools to build, manage and implement enterprise architecture and maintenance. Key elements of TOGAF are the Architecture Development Method (ADM) that provides specific features for enterprise architecture development process. ADM is an important feature that enables enterprises to define business needs and build a specific architecture to meet those needs. ADM consists of stages required in building the enterprise architecture, the stages of ADM is a Preliminary Framework and Principle, Architecture Vision, Business Architecture, Information System Architecture, Technology Architecture, Opportunities and Solutions, Migration Planning, Implementation Governance and Change Management Architecture. The results of this research is the business architecture, information system architecture consisting of data and application architecture, technology architecture, as stipulated in the ICT blueprint. The architecture consists of business consists of the main functions of which include the New Acceptance of Students (PPDB), Teaching and Learning (PBM), and the Release of Academic (SPA), while the support functions include Administrative Management (MTU), Infrastructure Management (MSP), the Center Computers and Language (PKB), and Financial Management (MK) are modeled using Michael Porter's Value Chain. Data architecture consists of 46 data entities of the seven business functions; application architecture consists of 21 applications.
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