Judul: Optimasi Pemakaian Ketersediaan Air untuk Memperoleh Luas Tanam yang Maksimum di Daerah Irigasi Batang Anai Sumatera Barat
Abstrak: Ketersediaan air hujan dan air irigasi tidak selamanya mencukupi kebutuhan air tanaman setiap saat dengan luasan tertentu, oleh karena itu perlu adanya suatu metoda untuk mengoptimalkan pemakaian ketersediaan air agar diperoleh areal tanam yang lebih luas sehingga pada akhirnya akan diperoleh produksi padi dan palawija yang lebih tinggi.
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Judul: Optimasi pola tanam berdasarkan sistem golongan dan kaitannya dengan ketersediaan tenaga kerja di daerah irigasi Sukra Indramayu
Abstrak: Peningkatan penggunaan air irigasi dan peningkatan produktivitas pertanian dapat dilakukan dengan penggunaan air irigasi secara optimum. Kendala yang ada di masyarakat petani yaitu masih adanya perbedaan waktu tanam terutama saat pengolahan lahan dan panen sehingga terjadi keterlambatan tanam yang dapat mengakibatkan tanaman kekurangan air pada musim kemarau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari luas areal maksimal yang dapat diairi dengan keterbatasan air dan ketersediaan tenaga kerja di Daerah Irigasi Sukra, Kabupaten Indramayu Jawa-Barat.
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Judul: Categorization in Macaca fascicularis.
Abstrak: Categorization is an ability to group individuals or events into different classes mediated by conceptualized mental images. There are several levels of categorization and within a taxonomy the levels are nested. At the most concrete level of categorization, all or most members of the category shared common physical attributes that differ from other categories. The higher the level of category, the fewer common attributes between members of the group. In addition to humans, the ability to categorize has also been proposed in animals. One example of categorization in animal is species discrimination. Using matching-tosample task, present experiment tested ability of the long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) in discriminating dichotomous-stimuli of different animals. The species has been shown to be able to see photos as representations of real object so I used facial photos of humans and animals for the stimuli. First, I tested their ability to classify humans and macaques into separate group. Second, I tested their ability to discriminate their conspecific from other macaques. And the last, I tested whether the subjects were able to discriminate non-human animals from humans. In all of these experiments I found that the subjects showed high performance in categorizing objects, even when I discarded details of visual informations, such as color and local shapes. The ability to identify objects with reduced representation of physical properties means the subjects were able to generalize attributes of members of the group. This would indicate that the subjects created a higher level abstraction. On the other hand, in discriminating intrageneric macaque species I found that they were able to extract uniqueness of each species. More over, I also found that the subjects were able to put photos of non-human animals that shared very few similarities in physical percepts into one group. I suggested that the subjects could create a more abstract concept based on non-percepts relations as a basis to put the objects into one category. Thus, I concluded that M. fascicularis were able to perform multiple levels of categorizations.
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