Judul: Penapisan Senyawa Antibakteri dari Ekstrak Biji Hanjeli (Coix lacryma-jobi) terhadap Escherichia coli dengan Pendekatan Metabolomik.
Abstrak: Biji hanjeli (Coix lacryma-jobi) diduga mengandung senyawa antibakteri. Pada penelitian ini, senyawa antibakteri dalam ekstrak biji diidentifikasi menggunakan kromatografi cair spektrometri massa/spektrometri massa (LCMS/ MS) dan dikelompokkan menggunakan principal component analysis (PCA). Biji hanjeli diekstraksi dengan cara maserasi menggunakan beberapa pelarut, yaitu air, etanol 50%, etanol 96%, dan n-heksana. Aktivitas antibakteri diuji menggunakan metode cakram, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 sebagai bakteri uji, tetrasiklin sebagai kontrol positif, dan dimetil sulfoksida 20% sebagai kontrol negatif. Ekstrak etanol 50% memiliki aktivitas penghambat E. coli tertinggi. Ekstrak tersebut selanjutnya diidentifikasi menggunakan LC-MS/MS dan senyawa yang diperoleh dikelompokkan menggunakan PCA. Berdasarkan hasil, senyawa tersebut yang diprediksi memiliki aktivitas sebagai antibakteri adalah asam 4-dodesil benzena sulfonat, dodesil sulfat, anhidrida asam asetat, dan asam L-malat.
Keyword: antibakteri, Coix lacryma-jobi, E. coli, LC-MS/MS, PCA

Judul: Analisis Proksimat, Fitokimia, Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Toksisitas Ekstrak Air Biji Hanjeli (Coix lacryma-jobi L.).
Abstrak: Hanjeli merupakan salah satu tanaman serealia lokal yang berpotensi di bidang kesehatan dan medis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menguji kandungan fitokimia, antioksidan dan toksisitas dari hanjeli sebagai data dasar. Pengujian fitokimia dilakukan secara kualitatif, aktivitas antioksidan diuji dengan metode DPPH dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak, uji toksisitas hanjeli menggunakan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyosohan dan penepungan biji dengan teknik penepungan basah dan kering berpengaruh terhadap nutrisi, kandungan senyawa bioaktif, aktivitas antioksidan dan toksisitas dari hanjeli. Biji hanjeli mengandung 63% karbohidrat, 16% protein, 6% lemak, sedangkan tepung biji hanjeli mengandung 72% karbohidrat, 17% protein, dan 0% lemak. Biji hanjeli mengandung senyawa alkaloid, saponin, steroid dan triterpenoid. Aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi terdapat pada tepung hanjeli dengan teknik penepungan kering, dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 9515 ppm yang termasuk dalam kategori antioksidan sangat rendah. Nilai LC50 hanjeli berada pada kisaran 100-500 ppm dan termasuk dalam kategori toksik sedang yang memiliki potensi senyawa bioaktif cukup tinggi.
Keyword: hanjeli, fitokimia, antioksida, toksisitas

Judul: The Effects of Variance of Interest rate to Variance of Annuity Future Values
Abstrak: Time value of money is a concept that refers to the difference of the value of money due to time difference. The value of money for present time would not be the same as the value of money in the future. The value of money for present time is called as Present Value (PV) of the money and the value of money for future time is called Future Value (FV) of the money. Determination the value of money, for present and future time, depends on the time and rate of return. The value of money is determined by several factors such as inflation, fluctuation of interest rates, and government policy in securities and taxation. Due to fluctuation of the value of money we need a FV formulation, it is useful for knowing whether an investment can be profitable or not, and this information is useful also in budget analysis. Annuity is defined as a series of payments made for a specific period. The payment, fixed or varied, can be made at the beginning or at the end of the period. Annuity paid at the beginning of the period is called annuity-due and annuity paid at the end of the period is called immediate annuity-certain. The accumulated value of the annuity after few years later is called as a final value or a future value. Burnecki et al. (2003) have discussed about the FV of a fixed-rate annuity in which payments are made according to the arithmetic or geometric series. They have also examined FV for annuities in which payments are made according to arithmetic or geometric series with random rates of interest. This paper examines FV for annuity-due in which payments are made according to arithmetic or geometric series with interest rates as a random variable, which is normal distribution ,  . Future value formula is expressed in recursive form. FV for annuity-due which payments are made according to the arithmetic or geometric series with random rates of interest is calculated by theoretical way and simulation way. The random rates of interest is denoted as k k i  i  , where k i an independent random variable; i is a constant and k  is a random variable which has normal distribution ,  . By using the determined parameters, a sequence of random rates of interest are generated for theoretical calculation. Meanwhile for the simulation, the random rates of interest is generated 1000 times for the simulation. The generated data give mean value, variance, and standard deviation. Moreover, error of mean value, variance, and standard deviation from the theoretical and simulation results are calculated. Error calculation uses Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error (SMAPE). The smaller the value of SMAPE is the more accurate the simulation. The interest rate variances are varied from 0.000036 to 0.0001 to study the relationship between variance of rates of interest and variance of future value. The theoretical and simulation results show that when the variance of random rates of interest increases, then the variance of FV increases linearly. FV of the annuity-due in
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