Judul: Pengaruh Jenis Kemasan Dan Suhu Penyimpanan Terhadap Kesegaran Dan Kualitas Buah Salak Padangsidimpuan (Salacca sumatrana)
Abstrak: This study aims to obtain the storage temperature and type of packaging which suitable for salak Padangsidimpuan. The research was conducted in two stages, i.e. preliminary research and primary research. Preliminary research carried out by measuring the initial quality (total weight lose, perishable fruit, water content, total titrated acid, total soluble solids, vitamin C and organoleptic). The results and than are used as initial data to conduct primary research. Primary research was conducted by coated 1 kg of salak and then packed with cartons, bamboo basket, plastic PE with cartons and plastic PE with bamboo basket. All samples were storaged in at 15oC and room temperature. Salak without treatment was also stored at room temperature as a control. Samples were analyzed the qualities every three days. Based on this research, physico-chemical characteristic of salak Padangsidimpuan showed that the water content was 78.12%, total titrated acid was 6.34%, total soluble solids was 15oBrix, vitamin C was 1.87 mg/100 g fruit, the preference score for color was 4, aroma was 4, flavor was 3, texture was 3 and general acceptance was 3. Based on the ANOVA analysis, Duncan test and “t” test, can be concluded that salak Padangsidimpuan were stored at a temperature of 15oC hold maximum of 30 days, with cartons, bamboo basket, plastic PE with cartons and plastic PE with bamboo basket. However the best condition of packaging resulted from this research was bamboo basket in 15oC.
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Judul: Pengaruh Kemasan dan Suhu Penyimpanan terhadap Mutu Buah Salak Pondoh (Salacca edulis R) setelah Transportasi
Abstrak: Snake fruit is Indonesia original fruit which has the potential to be developed become export commodity. The problems which there is the packs still traditional, so be needed study about using packs which many used to export market, such as cardboard boxes and plastic buckets. The general purpose this research is to inspect using plastic buckets, cardboard boxes and bamboo baskets for snake fruit distribution. At the beginning of the research, all of the packs have done a transport of simulation on the vibrating table. Then, the packaged was stored at room temperature and 10° C. During storage carried out an observation of mechanical damage, physiological damage, hardness, weights shrinkage, water content, total of dissolved solids, and organoleptic tests. After the simulation of transportation, mechanical damage that occurs is 0% (plastic baskets), 0% (cardboard boxes), and 3.44% (bamboo basket). The results also indicate that changes of the quality that occur in the fruits is hardness and total of dissolved solids are decreased while weights shrinkage and water content have increased. Overall, physiological damage up to 10 days at room temperature is 64.31% (plastic buckets), 68.99% (cardboard box), and 71.08% (bamboo basket), while the physiological damage up to 20 days at 10° C is 39.58% (plastic buckets), 25.26% (cardboard box), and 29.87% (bamboo basket). In organoleptic test showed that of all the parameters tend to decrease, except the fruit taste has increased at room temperature. Based on this research can be concluded that the packaging is good for the quality of snake fruits is cardboard box with the temperature is 10° C.
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Judul: Invers Drazin dari Matriks Toeplitz Singular
Abstrak: Matriks Toeplitz adalah matriks yang setiap unsur pada diagonal utama bernilai sama dan setiap unsur pada subdiagonal yang bersesuaian dengan diagonal utama juga bernilai sama. Matriks singular adalah matriks yang tidak bisa ditentukan inversnya. Akan tetapi, dapat diupayakan untuk ditentukan inversnya menggunakan invers matriks yang diperumum. Invers Drazin merupakan salah satu jenis invers matriks yang diperumum. Pada karya ilmiah ini ditentukan invers Drazin dari matriks Toeplitz singular dengan menggunakan metode Leverrier Faddeev. Kemudian, ditentukan invers Drazin dari matriks Toeplitz singular yang direpresentasikan sebagai penjumlahan segitiga bawah dan segitiga atas matriks Toeplitz berdasar pada teorema Gohberg dan Semencul., Toeplitz matrix is a matrix in with element on the main diagonal has the same value and on the subdiagonal corresponding to the main diagonal also has the same value. Singular matrix is a matrix that has no inverse. However, it can be attempted to determine the inverse using a generalized inverse matrix. Inverse Drazin is a type of generalized matrix inverse. This paper discussed the inverse Drazin for a singular Toeplitz matrix using the Leverrier Faddeev method. Then, the Drazin inverse of the singular Toeplitz matrix which is represented as a sum of products of lower and upper triangular Toeplitz matrix based on Gohberg and Semencul theorem.
Keyword: inverse Drazine, singular Toeplitz matrix