Judul: Myoglobin content of cobalt chloride hexahydrate- induced acute hypoxia in the rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Abstrak: Cobalt is one of the bone and joint implant material. As cobalt has toxicity properties the aim of this research is to prove an increase of percent myoglobin/ protein ratio in heart, liver and muscle of cobalt chloride hexahydrate-induced acute hypoxia rats. The rats were intraperitoneally injected by 1 mL syringe with 6 and 16 mg/kg for first 3 days. Then after the 3rd day the rats were subjeted to physiological adaptation phase for each group up to day 10 and 14. The measured parameters include rat body weight change, organ water content, myoglobin per protein percentage, organ cobalt content and blood glucose level. Both protein and myoglobin content were measured using UV Vis spectrophotometer at 280 and 503 nmm blood glucose level was measured on 550 nm. Cobalt content was measured using AAS at 240.7 nm. All treated rats indicated significant weight loss at change 2 (3rd day of injection) and weight gain at change 3 (day 4). Duncan significance test, only rat muscle indicated significant difference based on dose. All organs did not differ significantly in relation to both dose and day. Both liver and heart accumulated cobalt ion and indicated a reduction state on day 14th . The glucose level in all treated group of day 10 was higher than control
Keyword: Cobalt, Glucose level, Hypoxia, Myoglobin, Rat weight, Protein preentage, Organ cobalt content, Blood glucose level, Organ water content, Ratio between myoglobin, Protein, Organ cobalt content, Blood glucose level

Judul: Correlation Between Hemoglobin Level with Oxygen Saturation of Mother Rat at Different Physiological Status
Abstrak: Keterkaitan antara kadar hemoglobin dengan saturasi oksigen sangat penting dalam menunjang kelangsungan proses fisiologis. Pada kebuntingan terjadi perubahan proses fisiologis yang melibatkan perubahan kadar hemoglobin dan oksigen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara kadar hemoglobin dengan saturasi oksigen pada induk tikus bunting (hari ke-1 dan ke-13), ke-21 (partus), ke-21 postpartus, dan ke-70 postpartus. Tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang digunakan berasal dari galur Sprague dawley dengan jumlah induk yang digunakan adalah 3 ekor tikus dari setiap kelompok pengambilan data. Nilai kadar hemoglobin diukur menggunakan alat EasyTouch GCHb. Nilai saturasi oksigen diukur menggunakan alat pulse oximeter. Nilai kadar hemoglobin pada hari pertama kebuntingan menunjukkan nilai tertinggi kemudian mengalami penurunan sampai umur ke-70 hari setelah melahirkan walaupun penurunan ini tidak signifikan. Nilai saturasi oksigen mengalami peningkatan seiring bertambahnya umur kebuntingan hingga melahirkan dan setelah melahirkan mengalami penurunan sampai umur ke-70 hari postpartus. Korelasi antara kadar hemoglobin dengan saturasi oksigen sangat kuat seiring bertambahnya umur kebuntingan hingga melahirkan dan pada hari ke-21 serta hari ke-70 setelah melahirkan. Kata kunci: hemoglobin, korelasi, saturasi oksigen, tikus putih, The correlation between hemoglobin level with oxygen saturation is very important to support continuity of physiological process. Pregnancy will change physiological process in which hemoglobin and oxygen level as well. This research aims to determine correlation between hemoglobin level with oxygen saturation of pregnant rat (day 1 and 13), day 21 (parturition), day 21 post parturition, and day 70 post parturition. The white rat (Rattus norvegicus) used were from the strain Sprague dawley, with 3 of pregnants rat were used for each group. The value of hemoglobin level was measured using EasyTouch GCHb, while the oxygen saturation was measured using with pulse oximeter. The value of hemoglobin level at day one of pregnant show the highest level than decrease until day 70 post parturition, although this decrease is not significant. The value of oxygen saturation increased following age of pregnant until parturition, and then decreased until day 70 post parturition. The correlation between hemoglobin level and oxygen saturation were strong during gestational age until parturition and at day 21, day 70 post parturition. Keywords: hemoglobin, correlation, oxygen saturation, white rat
Keyword: correlation, hemoglobin, oxygen saturation, white rat

Judul: Peranan Pesantren dalam Pembangunan Pedesaan
Abstrak: Pesantren (pondok atau pondok pesantren) adalah suatu lembaga pendidikan keagamaan Islam yang pada umumnya tumbuh di kalangan masyarakat pedesaan. Pertumbuhannya merupakan hasil refleksi pimpinan pesantren dan masyarakat terhadap kebutuhan masyarakat sekitar. Disamping sebagai lembaga pendidikan keagamaan, diharapkan pesantren dapat berperan sebagai lembaga sosial kemasyarakatan yang dapat membantu pemerintah dalam menyebar luaskan inovasi pembangunan kepada masyarakat, dan menggerakkan masyarakat agar berperan serta dalam pembangunan.
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