Judul: Results of Aerophonic Sowing of Three Shallot varieties  from TSS with Light Emitting Diode Treatment
Abstrak: Bibit asal TSS menjadi alternatif penyediaan bibit bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) berkualitas. Dibutuhkan teknik persemaian tepat untuk menghasilkan bibit bermutu. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis pertumbuhan dan hasil bawang merah dengan persemaian aeroponik TSS pada lingkungan terkontrol dengan perbedaan warna LED. Penanaman bibit TSS 6 minggu setelah semai di lapangan disusun dengan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak pada 2 faktor yaitu bibit dari pencahayaan persemaian (LED putih dan merah biru) dan varietas Sanren, Tuk tuk, dan Lokananta. Bibit tiga varietas bawang merah asal TSS dengan perbedaan warna cahaya LED tidak menunjukan hasil pertumbuhan tinggi yang signifikan pada 6 minggu setelah semai. Bibit TSS Sanren pencahayaan LED merah biru memiliki rerata diameter batang semu yaitu 4,30 mm. Kerapatan stomata daun bibit TSS Sanren dengan pencahayaan merah biru yaitu 81,5 stomata/mm2. Klorofil total dan karoten pada bibit TSS Lokananta dengan pencahayaan putih yaitu 1,91 mg/g dan 0,34 mg/g, sedangkan pada LED merah biru adalah 1,52 mg/g dan 0,25 mg/g. Tidak terdapat interaksi nyata antara sumber cahaya pada persemaian metode aeroponik dengan varietas bawang merah yang menghasilkan kualitas dan produksi. Dugaan potensi hasil panen dari bibit TSS Sanren, Lokananta dan Tuk tuk secara berturut-turut yaitu 12,95; 12,85; 12,51 ton/ha, Seedling from TSS is an alternative for providing quality shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) seedling. Proper seeding techniques are needed to produce quality seeds. The research aims to analyze the growth and yield of shallots using TSS aeroponic seeding in a controlled environment with different LED colors. TSS 6 weeks after sowing seeds were planted in the field in a complete group design randomized to 2 factors: seeds from nursery lighting (LED white and, red-blue) and varieties Sanren, Tuk Tuk, and Lokananta. Seedlings of three shallot varieties from TSS with different LED light colors did not show significant high growth results in 6 weeks after sowing. Sanren TSS seedlings with red and blue LED lighting had an average apparent stem diameter of 4,30 mm. Stomata density on the leaves of TSS Sanren seedlings with red and blue lighting was 81,5 stomata/mm2. Total chlorophyll and carotene were in TSS Lokananta seedlings with white lighting at 1,91 mg/g and 0,34 mg/g, while red and blue LEDs were 1,52 mg/g and 0,25 mg/g. There is no real interaction between the light source in the aeroponic seedbed method and the shallot varieties that produce quality and production. Estimated potential yields from TSS Sanren, Lokananta, and Tuk Tuk seeds are 12,95; 12,85; 12,51 ton/ha
Keyword: Allium ascalonicum L., leaf pigment, stomatal density, TSS seedling

Judul: Technoeconomy Analysis of Shallot Seedling Production from TSS (True Shallot Seed) with LCAC (Low Cost Aeroponic Chamber) Technology
Abstrak: Budidaya bawang merah umumnya menggunakan umbi bawang merah dibandingkan dengan benih bawang merah. Padahal penggunaan benih bawang merah sebagai bibit tanaman bawang merah memiliki kelebihan lebih dari umbi. Namun kelemahan True Shallot Seed (TSS) adalah penambahan waktu budidaya yaitu 40 hari untuk proses semai. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kelayakan usaha pembenihan TSS dan keunggulan TSS dibandingkan dengan umbi bawang merah. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan skenario skala produksi 200, 500, 1000 baki, dan 1 juta benih dengan jadwal produksi 3 siklus per tahun dan 6 siklus per tahun. Analisis kelayakan menunjukkan bahwa investasi pembenihan bawang merah dengan TSS layak dilakukan. Perhitungan analisis finansial pada setiap skala dan jadwal produksi menghasilkan NPV (Net Present Value) berkisar Rp4.750.650 sampai Rp822.448.953, IRR (Internal Rate Return) 9,87% sampai 65,4% di atas tingkat diskonto yang digunakan sebesar 6%, Net B/C (Benefit per Cost) Ratio 1,12 sampai 2,24 dan investasi awal akan kembali kepada investor dalam kisaran 1,28 sampai 5,23 tahun setelah produksi dimulai., Shallot cultivation generally uses shallot bulbs compared to shallot seeds. The use of shallot seeds as shallot plant seeds has more advantages than bulbs. Whereas the weakness of TSS (True Shallot Seed) is the addition of cultivation time, which is 40 days for the seedling process. The purpose of this study was to analyze the feasibility of TSS seedling and the advantages of TSS compared to shallot bulbs. This study used scenario design of production scales of 200, 500, 1000 trays, and 1 million seeds with production schedules of 3 cycles per year and 6 cycles per year. The feasibility analysis showed that the investment in shallot seedling with TSS was feasible. Financial analysis calculations at each scale and production schedule resulted NPV (Net Present Value) ranging from 4.750.650 IDR to 822.448.953 IDR rupiah, IRR (Internal Rate Return) 9,87% to 65,4% above the discount rate used of 6%, the Net B/C (Benefit per Cost) Ratio was 1,12 to 2,24 and the initial investment will return to investors in the range of 1,28 to 5,23 years after production begins.
Keyword: bawang merah, low cost aeroponic chamber, teknoekonomi, true shallot seed, shallot, technoeconomy

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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