Judul: Tata Niaga, Kelimpahan Dan Karakteristik Habitat Ular Jali Ptyas Mucosus (Linnaeus 1758) Di Jawa Tengah
Abstrak: The research of oriental rat-snake’s (Ptyas mucosus Linn 1758) abundance and its habitat is still rare. Oriental rat-snake is classified as a commerce species and is listed on Appendix II of CITES. This study was aimed at measuring the abundance and morphometric characteristic of oriental rat-snake in Central Java. In the present study, harvesting abundance was obtained from 7 major collectors, 3 medium collectors, 4 small collectors and 4 hunters/professional catcher. Information was also obtained by interviewing the managers of both of BKSDA and LIPI. The morphometric data collected from 159 living and 131 dead specimens from major collectors. Harvesting abundance derived from the average of rat-snakes that was received by major collectors. Descriptive analysis was used to process data morphometric. The multiple linier regressions were performed to determine the relationship between body mass and body size variables. In the trading system, there were traders, trade’s chain and price factors that influance its. The harvesting abundance of oriental rat-snake in Central Java were estimated annually a 132 000. Its abundance was mainly influenced by natural factor, especially paddy's crops cycles. Based on the descriptive analysis of morphometric data obtained, males had longer SVL and greater body masses than females of the same body length. Average of male’s snout-vent length was 142,67 (SD=14,09) and body mass is 0,95 kg, while for female’s SVL was 140,45(SD=12,99) and body mass is 0,93 kg. The analysis showed insignificant differences in body size between the sexes and in each collector’s level. At present, abundance of oriental rat-snake can support commercial harvesting. Habitat characteristic of oriental rat-snake’s nest were consisted of nine variables, i.e. hole and soil moisture, hole and soil temperature, soil pH, location altitude, distance from water and settlement, and slope. However, further studies are needed to assess sustainable levels of harvesting.
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Judul: Tata Niaga, Karakteristik Habitat dan Parameter Demografi Sanca Batik (Python reticulatus Scheider 1801) yang Dipanen di Propinsi Kalimantan Tengah
Abstrak: Reticulated python (Python reticulatus) has 180.000 heads annual quota. Despite of the commercial use of this species, a good management of the habitat and population is needed for its sustainability. This research was aimed to identify trades, the habitat charactesictics, harvestings, demographyc parameters and morphometry of harvested reticulated python. The research area was within harvesting areas, management authority, snakes collectors and traders in six regency in Central Kalimantan Province. The research method for trades was done by interviewing several actors of management authority, snakes collectors and traders. The habitat was performed by measuring the environment variables at every plot of capturing and nesting habitat, neither the snakes were captured or not. Harvestings, demographyc parameters morphometry variables of harvested snakes at every plot of habitats, catchers and collector were calculated and measured. Descriptive statistical analyzes showed that traders structure were consisted of collectors, middle man and legal permit owner. Kruskal Wallis and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test showed that there was no habitat preference by the reticulated python. Harvesting estimation derived from location of survey was 26.73% at collector stage and about 31.95 % at middle man stage comparing to annual quota of Central Kalimantan Province. Capturing criteria was based on the size of body length, rather than the sex. The sex ratio of captured snakes in collectors was 1:0.72 and middle man was 1:1.07. The age class most captured both in collectors and middle men was the adult male (99% and 89% from all male). This trend occurred because the adult male has a similar size with the young female.
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Judul: Katalis Zink Ferit Tersubstitusi Cu untuk Oksidasi Benzil Alkohol
Abstrak: Katalis berperan dalam menurunkan energi aktivasi. Katalis ZnFe2O4 dan ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu disintesis menggunakan metode kopresipitasi untuk digunakan dalam oksidasi benzil alkohol. Katalis dicirikan dengan spektrofotometer inframerah (FTIR) dan difraktometer sinar-X. Spektrum FTIR menunjukkan puncak serapan dari ikatan Zn-O dan Fe-O masing-masing pada rentang 559‒575 cm-1 dan 419‒447 cm-1. Difraktogram menunjukkan terbentuknya fase tunggal Zn0.6Cu0.4Fe2O4 pada katalis ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu 20%. Benzil alkohol dioksidasi dengan sistem refluks. Konversi benzil alkohol meningkat dengan meningkatnya suhu. Kadar benzaldehida yang dihasilkan dengan katalis ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu 20% lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan katalis ZnFe2O4 yang tidak tersubstitusi dan yang tersubstitusi Cu 60 dan 80%. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa katalis ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu 20% memiliki kinerja yang lebih baik dalam oksidasi benzil alkohol menjadi benzaldehida dengan kadar benzaldehida 8.763%.
Keyword: Benzil alkohol, katalis, oksidasi, ZnFe2O4