Judul: The impact of the implementation of technology and land ownership on rice farming efficiency and income in the Province of South Sulawesi
Abstrak: The research was aimed to: 1) identify the factors affecting farmer decision making on the selection of rice variety, 2) analyze production factors composition, cost and income of new high yield rice variety farming, 3) evaluate technical efficiency level of new high yield rice variety (NHYRV) and it’s older version (OHYRV) and factors affecting them, and 4) examine the effect of land ownership status on input level, productivity, income and technical efficiency. The research was conducted at the District of Pinrang, Soppeng, and Bone, which were selected purposively based on their role in rice production in South Sulawesi. 293 farmers who plant new high rice variety and 72 farmers who plant older version of rice variety were selected as respondents. Farming Analysis with Logit and Stochastic Frontier Production Function were employed in this research. The results indicates that: 1) farmer decision on selecting the rice variety to be plant was determined by their formal education and the number of family members. The value of predicted probability in implementing New High Yield Rice Variety was relatively high indicates farmer willing to plant the New High Yield Rice Variety also high. 2) There was no significant differences in input level (except for seed, phonska, liquid insecticide), cost, productivity, and income between NHYRV and OHYRV. 3) There was no significant differences in input level, cost, productivity, and income between share tenant OHYRV farmer and owner OHYRV farmer. 4) There was no significant differences in input level, cost, productivity, and income between share tenant NHYRV farmer and owner NHYRV farmer 5) Seed, urea, phonska and the number of family labor were positively affecting productivity of rice farming OHYRV. 6) Seed, ZA, SP-36, liquid insecticide and the number of commercial labor were positively affecting productivity of rice farming NHYRV. 7) Technical efficiency of NHYRV was higher than OHYRV. 8) Technical efficiency of share tenant OHYRV farmer was higher than owner OHYRV farmer. 9) Technical efficiency of share tenant NHYRV farmer was higher than owner NHYRV farmer.
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Judul: Rice farming efficiency in indonesia rice production central: stochastic metafrontier production function approach
Abstrak: Productivity and efficiency is needed to attain rice self sufficency. However, productivity at both national and provincial tends to be at leveling off level. This is closed related to technical, allocative, and economic efficiency as the main issues of this research. To answer these issues, this study aimed at analyzing rice production efficiency using stochastic metafrontier production and stochastic inefficiency frontier. This study utilized PATANAS data from PSE-KP. The number of observation was 592. The result imply that land and seed were very essential in every province while other input had various influence to production. All provinces had achieved high technical efficiency (more than 0.8 especially West Java more than 0.9). However, if it was compared with national potential, there was still technological gap which revealed that room to increase efficiency (28.84%) was still high. Quality of seed and land ownership status is very influential to efficiency. Almost all provinces got lower allocative efficiency than technical efficiency so that profit maximum couldn’t be reached. As policy implication, government need to support land expansion, seed innovation, irrigation system rehabilitation and to revise output and input price policy so that farmer welfare can be increased. Land expansion can be realized by increasing land rent access through land market policy and reducing the number of farmer as farm manager through making available of non farms job opportunity. Besides that, it is needed reorientation from production to profit oriented through minimum profit policy. Hence, rice self sufficiency can be maintained without push farmer welfare away. In very long run period, technology breakthrough especially in seed which adaptive for different season is very important.
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Judul: Embriogenesis ikan buta (Astyanax fasciatus)
Abstrak: Ikan buta Astyanax fasciatus adalah spesies ikan unik dari famili Characidae yang menempati perairan dalam gua di Wilayah La Cueva Chica-San Luis Potasi-Mexico. Ikan ini memiliki mata yang tereduksi (Blind Cavefish) dan warna kulit merah muda, pucat serta mengkilap.
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