Judul: Butterfly Community of Superfamily Papilionoidea (Lepidoptera) at Gunung Meja Recreational Forest Area, Manokwari, Papua Barat
Abstrak: Gunung Meja, one of the forest areas in Manokwari, West Papua province, has been designated as a recreational forest since 1980. Gunung Meja covers 460.25 ha and is located at 75 – 175 m asl. Gunung Meja is directly adjacent to residential areas, so that the community activities, such as felling trees and gardening are often conducted in the area. These can interfere with the existence of flora and fauna inside, including butterflies. To know the impact of intrusive human activities on the forest area, it is necessary to obtain basic information about what flora and fauna are present there. This study aims to record the butterfly community in the area. Observations of butterflies were done by scan sampling on primary forest, secondary forest, gardens and settlements. Sampling and measurement of environmental parameters were performed in the morning and afternoon for seven weeks. This study recorded 113 species and 4.049 individuals of butterflies. There were 75 species in primary forest, 77 species in secondary forest, and 63 species in gardens and settlements. The number of species found was still increasing until the last day of the observation. Shannon- Wiener index (H’) calculation showed that diversity in primary and secondary forests were 3.48 and 3.50, respectively, thus classified as high (H’ > 3). Sorensen index calculation (CN) showed high value reaching 0.5 quantitatively. The numbers of butterflies both species number and individual number, observed in the morning were higher than those in the afternoon. There was significant effect (P < 0.05) of temperature, RH, light intensity, and canopy coverage to the number of individual butterflies. The result of PCA analysis showed that the environmental parameters in primary forest, secondary forest, gardens and settlements influenced the number of species and number of individuals.
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Judul: Biodiversity of superfamily papilionoidea butterflies (Lepidoptera) at Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi
Abstrak: Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park is one of national parks in Indonesia which has high diversity of butterflies. Increasing number of tourists and local butterfly collectors have caused changes of the butterfly habitat and may decrease butterfly population in the park. Aim of the research was to study the diversity of the papilionoid butterflies in Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park based on different habitats. The observations were done by scan sampling method in the morning and afternoon at three locations i.e., Pattunuang Nature Reserve, Leang-leang Nature Reserve, and Bantimurung National Park. Results showed that 144 spesies and 6.802 individual of butterflies were found at the areas within 7 weeks of observation. At Leang-leang Nature Reserve, Pattunuang Nature Reserve and Bantimurung National Park were found 113 spesies (2.024 individu), 101 spesies (1.828 individu) and 98 spesies (2.950 individu) of butterflies, respectively. The diversity of butterflies was higher in the national parks (H’ > 3). Pattunuang Nature Reserve has higher value (H’ = 4,06) than Bantimurung National Park (H’ = 3,97) and Leang-leang Nature Reserve (H’ = 3,87). Sorensen similarity index (CN) showed that three research locations were different community structures because there were several different dominant species at each location. Statistically, wind speed gave more significant effect on the number of individuals butterfly than other climate parameters.
Keyword: Graphium androcles, Papilio blumei, Catopsilia pomona, Aoa affinis, Faunis menado

Judul: Urolitiasis pada anjing
Abstrak: Urolitiasis adalah suatu penyakit dimana terjadi proses pengendapan batu pada traktus urinaria. Kalkuli yang paling banyak dijumpai pada kasus urolitiasis anjing adalah kalkuli magnesium amonium fosfat (struvite), jika dibandingkan dengan kalkuli oksalat, sistin dan urat (Osborne et al., 1982). Infeksi oleh Staphylococcus aureus pada traktus urinaria memgang peranan penting dalam proses pembentukan kalkuli, karena bakteri tersebut dapat menghasilkan enzim urease, raktor predisposisi tidak dapat dinisankan dari infeksi traktus urinaria. Pada anjing, tempat yang banyak didapati pengandapan kalkuli adalah kantung air kemih dan uretra, sedangkan pada ginjalnya jarang. Pada anjing jantan lebih sering kejadiannya dibanding dengan pada anjing betina, karena anatomi traktus urinaria pada anjing jantan lebih memungkinkan untuk terjadinya obstruksi, yaitu lebih panjang dan sempit. Besarnya, kalkuli bervariasi, dari kecil dan halus seperti pasir sampai besar dan kasar seperti batu karang. ...
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