Judul: The growth performance and viability enhancement of humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) fed on selenium supplementation
Abstrak: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels and sources of selenium (Se) on the growth performance and viability of juvenile humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis). The experiments were arranged and conducted in four stages. The first experiment was conducted to compare the digestibility of dietary Se from sodium selenite and selenometionin. Two groups of grouper were given the experimental diets for 14 days. The result of this experiment showed that selenometionin was more digestible (68,68%) than sodium selenite (60,36%). In experiment 2, two different sources of Se at varying concentrations were added to the basal diet (sodium selenite at 0,5; 1; 2; and 4 mg Se/kg diet, and selenometionin at 1; 2; and 4 mg Se/kg diet, respectively). Another treatment was unsupplemented Se. Of the treatments, selenometionin supplementation with dose of 4 mg Se/kg diet showed a better performance than other diets. The addition of sodium selenite with dose of 0,5 mg Se/kg diet showed a toxic effects. In experiment 3, pelleted diets with 0; 0,025; 0,05; 0,1; 0,2; and 0,4 mg Se/kg diet from sodium selenite were used to fed triplicate groups of fish twice a day at satiation (mean initial length and weight: 5,83+0,28 cm and 3,47+0,43 g, respectively) in a 90x40x35 cm aquaria. The experimental fish were reared for 42 days at a density of 15 ind./aquarium. At the end of the experiment, fish were dipped in fresh water for 10 minutes and no aeration was added. The addition of sodium selenite with dose of 0,05 mg Se/kg diet enhanced growth performance and viability of juvenile humpback grouper. The last experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of selenometionin on the growth and viability of juvenile humpback grouper. In this experiment, pelleted diets with 0; 4; and 16 mg Se/kg diet from selenometionin were used to fed triplicate groups of fish twice a day at satiation. The experimental fish were reared for 42 days at a density of 15 ind./aquarium. At the end of the rearing period, fish were transported for 13 hours and then reared again for 20 days. At the second week of the continued rearing period, fish were dipped in fresh water for 10 minutes and no aeration was added. The studies showed that the addition of selenometionin at a concentration of 4 mg Se/kg diet enhanced growth performance and viability of juvenile humpback grouper.
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Judul: Penggunaan Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS) dan hominy feed pada pakan ikan kerapu bebek cromileptes altivelis
Abstrak: DDGS is a by-product in the production of bioethanol that is mainly derived from corn, while the hominy feed is a by-product of corn milling process on the production of corn flour for food. This study aims to examine the influence of the use of DDGS and hominy feed on the growth performance of humpback grouper Cromileptes altivelis. This research was conducted in June to October 2010 in floating net cage in Suak Panjang, Pahawang Island, Punduh Pidada sub-district, Pesawaran district, South Lampung and Fish Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University. This research used experimental methods Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three treatments and two replicates respectively. The treatment in this study namely Diet A (diet without DDGS and hominy feed), Diet B (diet with DDGS and hominy feed 10%), and Diet C (diet with DDGS and hominy feed 19%). Fish weights 11.6-14.6 gram were reared in net cage (3x1x2)m3 at densities of 55-56 fish/m2. Fish were fed 3 times daily at satiation level. In ordered to keep fish in good condition net cage were wash weekly. The results showed that fish fed Diet B (DDGS and hominy feed 10%) have similar growth performance to those fish fed Diet A and higher when being compared to the rest. It is concluded that DDGS and hominy feed at the level of 10% can be used in the diet of humpback grouper.
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Judul: Kerusakan bantalan rel kereta api di wilaya inspeksi 2 jalan dan bangunan perusahaan jawatan kereta api (pjka),cirebon
Abstrak: Kereta api merupakan salah satu sarana angkutan yang murah, cepat dan aman serta dapat mengangkut barang dalam jumlah besar. Kelancaran operasi sarana angkutan tersebut banyak ditentukan oleh kondisi jalan rel, termasuk kondisi bantalannya. Dalam hal ini bantalan rel kereta api dapat dibuat dari kayu, logam, atau beton. Namun demikian kayu merupakan bahan yang paling banyak digunakan sebagai pembuat bantalan rel kereta api di berbagai negara. Kenyataan menunjukkan bahwa kayu yang digunakan sebagai bantalan rel kereta api sering mengalami berbagai macam kerusakan yang menyebabkan bantalan tidak berfungsi lagi atau menurun fungsinya. Di Indonesia, informasi mengenai jenis dan tingkat kerusakan bantalan kayu masih sangat kurang, pada- hal informasi tersebut sangat penting sebagai dasar pertimbangan dalam rangka pemeliharaan jalan kereta api, agar umur pakainya (service life) lebih lama.
Keyword: bantalan rel