Judul: Penerapan Hotspot Analysis dan Regresi Logistik pada Kasus Difteri di Jawa.
Abstrak: Difteri merupakan penyakit yang mudah menular, mematikan, dan ditetapkan sebagai Kejadian Luar Biasa (KLB) di Indonesia. Sebagai tindakan penanggulangan KLB, pemerintah melaksanakan Outbreak Response Immunization (ORI) yang bertujuan menutup kesenjangan imunitas (immunity gap). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi daerah hotspot kasus difteri, faktor yang memengaruhinya, dan melihat dampak pelaksanaan ORI pada daerah hotspot dan bukan hotspot. Metode yang digunakan untuk mendeteksi hotspot adalah Getis-Ord . Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi terbentuknya daerah hotspot, dilakukan uji parameter simultan dan parsial pada model regresi logistik. Data yang digunakan berasal dari profil kesehatan tiap provinsi di Jawa pada tahun 2017. Dari hasil penelitian, terdapat 20 daerah yang ditetapkan berstatus hotspot. Faktor yang memengaruhi terbentuknya daerah hotspot yaitu kepadatan penduduk dan persentase desa Universal Child Immunization (UCI). Berdasarkan hasil pembandingan kasus difteri pada tahun 2017 dan 2018, pelaksanaan ORI sebagai tindakan penanggulangan KLB difteri cukup baik. Penetapan lokasi ORI oleh Kementerian Kesehatan sudah tepat. Namun, cakupan imunisasi tidak merata sehingga masih terdapat daerah dengan peningkatan kasus yang tinggi meskipun ORI sudah dilaksanakan.
Keyword: difteri, hotspot analysis, ORI, regresi logistik

Judul: The Analysis of Factors Affecting Diphtheria Disease in East Java on 2017
Abstrak: Diphtheria is a contagious disease caused by the Corynebacterium diphtheria bacteria that attacks the upper respiratory system. Poisson regression method was used to model diphtheria data and its relations between diphtheria cases and various factors assuming equidispersion. However, data of contagious disease may produce overdispersion outcome. Hence, negative binomial regression was implemented. Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC) was used to measure goodness of fit of the model. Negative binomial regression was chosen as a better model as it showed lower AIC value than Poisson regression. Factors that influenced number of diphtheria cases in East Java were immunization coverage, population density, and percentage of UCI village.
Keyword: Diphtheria, Negative Binomial regression, overdispersion, Poisson regression

Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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