Judul: The Effect of Chemical Fertilizer Dosage and Type of Biofertilizer on the Growth and Production of Soybean (Glycine max L.)
Abstrak: Kedelai (Glycine max L.) adalah komoditas pangan yang banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Tingginya kebutuhan kedelai dalam negeri membuat usaha untuk meningkatkan produksi sangat dibutuhkan. Salah satu caranya dengan meningkatkan kesuburan tanah melalui pemupukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh dosis pupuk kimia dan penambahan pupuk hayati terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kedelai. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan IPB Sawah Baru dari bulan November 2023 hingga Maret 2024. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan Split-Plot RKLT dengan dua faktor yaitu faktor pupuk kimia sebagai petak utama dengan dua taraf, yaitu 50% (K1) dan 100% (K2) dosis dan faktor pupuk hayati sebagai anak petak dengan 5 taraf, yaitu tidak diberi pupuk hayati (H0), pupuk hayati jenis 1 (H1), pupuk hayati jenis 2 (H2), pupuk hayati jenis 3 (H3) dan pupuk hayati jenis 4 (H4). Perlakuan 100% dosis pupuk kimia dapat meningkatkan jumlah daun 8 MST, jumlah cabang 8-10 MST, nilai kehijauan daun, nilai indeks luas daun, bobot brangkasan, jumlah polong dan biji per tanaman, bobot biji per tanaman dan bobot 100 butir. Sementara pupuk hayati jenis 4 dapat meningkatkan jumlah cabang 6-8 MST, jumlah polong dan biji per tanaman, serta indeks luas daun tetapi tidak berbeda nyata dengan pupuk hayati jenis 1,2,3, dan kontrol., Soybeans (Glycine max L.) are a commodity that is widely consumed by Indonesian people. The high level of demand for soybeans in Indonesia make efforts to increase production is necessary. One of the ways to increase soil fertility through fertilizing with biological fertilizer. This research aims to determine the effect of chemical fertilizer doses and the addition of biological fertilizer on the growth and production of soybean plants. The research was conducted at the IPB Sawah Baru Experimental station from November 2023 to March 2024. The experiment used a Split-Plot RCBD design with two factors, namely the chemical fertilizer factor as the main plot with two levels, namely 50% (K1) and 100% (K2) of the dose. optimum and biofertilizer factors as sub-plots with 5 levels, namely no biofertilizer (H0), type 1 biofertilizer (H1), type 2 biofertilizer (H2), type 3 biofertilizer (H3) and type 4 biofertilizer (H4). Treatment 100% dose with chemical fertilizer can increase the number of leaves 8 WAP, number of branches 8-10 WAP, leaf greenness value, leaf area index, dry weight of stover, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, weight of seeds per plant, number of 100 grains. Type 4 biological fertilizer can increase the number of branches 6-10 WAP, number of pods per plant, leaf area index, and number of seeds per soybean plant but is not significantly different from the type 1,2,3 biofertilizer and control.
Keyword: Pupuk hayati, Produksi, detap 1

Judul: Testing of Laying Hen Manure Doses and Improving Biofertilizer Application on the Growth and Quality of Vegetable Soybeans (Glycine max (L). Merril)
Abstrak: Kedelai edamame merupakan kedelai yang dipanen saat biji terisi penuh, masih berwarna hijau, biasa disebut vegetable soybean sebagai salah satu makanan sehat dan bergizi. Dosis pupuk kandang dalam produksi kedelai edamame secara organik perlu dioptimalisasi dan penggunaan pupuk hayati diharapkan mampu meningkatkan efisiensi pupuk organik. Penelitian ini dilakukan mengidentifikasi produktivitas dan kualitas kedelai edamame dengan budidaya secara organik menggunakan kombinasi pupuk kandang ayam petelur dan pupuk hayati (biofertilizer). Percobaan di lapangan dilaksanakan pada bulan November sampai April 2023 di Kebun Percobaan IPB Cikarawang A, Dramaga, Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan petak terpisah (split-plot) dengan petak utama yaitu pupuk hayati dan anak petak berbagai dosis pupuk kandang ayam petelur sebanyak 3 ulangan. Dosis pupuk kandang yang digunakan yaitu 0, 8, 16, dan 24 ton ha-1. Pupuk hayati sebagai petak utama dengan dua perlakuan yaitu tanpa dan dengan pupuk hayati. Pupuk hayati diaplikasikan saat perendaman benih (10 g L-1) serta aplikasi langsung pada saat tanam dan tanaman umur 28 hari (5 g L-1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan dosis pupuk kandang dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi, jumlah daun, bobot polong per tanaman, jumlah buku produktif, dan bobot polong isi 2 biji. Penggunaan biofertilizer sangat nyata meningkatkan tinggi tanaman 3 minggu setelah tanam, jumlah daun 5 minggu setelah tanam, dan jumlah buku. Interaksi keduanya tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata pada pertumbuhan dan komponen produksi. Kadar protein, serat, dan gula dari semua perlakuan sudah sesuai kriteria kualitas biji kedelai edamame yang diterima konsumen. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan dosis optimum 14,9 ton ha-1 untuk produktivitas polong. Produktivitas polong nyata berkorelasi positif dengan tinggi tanaman namun negatif dengan jumlah polong hampa per tanaman., Edamame are soybeans that harvested when the pod are fully filled, still green, and considered as healthy and nutritious vegetable soybean. To produce organically, organic fertilizer doses need to be determined and the use of biofertilizers is expected can increase the efficiency of organic fertilizer use. The purpose of the experiment was to identify the productivity and quality of edamame soybean with organic cultivation using a combination of laying hen manure and biofertilizer. The experiment was carried out from November to April 2023 at the IPB Experimental Farm Cikarawang A, Dramaga, Bogor. This experiment used a split-plot design, with the main plot was biofertilizer and the subplots were various doses of laying hen manure with 3 replications. The dose of manure used were 0, 8, 16, and 24 tonnes ha-1. Biofertilizier as main plot with two treatments namely without and with biofertilizer. Biofertilizer was applied during seed soaking (10 g L-1) and direct application at planting time and 28-day-old plants (5 g L-1). The results showed that increasing the dose of manure could increase plant height, leaf numbers, pod weight per plant, productive node numbers and 2-seed pod weight. The use of biofertilizer significantly increases plant height at 3 weeks after planting, leaf numbers at 5 weeks after planting, and node numbers. The interaction between the two factors did not have a significant effect on growth and production components. The protein, fiber, and sugar levels of all treatments were in accordance with the quality criteria of edamame
Keyword: efficiency, optimum dose, protein, fiber, sugar

Judul: Penggunaan Teorema Homeomorphy 2-Manifold dan Teorema Euler Poincare pada Torus 𝑇�� dan Simplicial Complex 𝐾��
Abstrak: Two dimensional topological spaces are said to be homeomorphic if they have the same topological invariant, where one of topological invariant used is an Euler characteristic. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem and Euler Poincare’s Theorem are used to distinguish two topological spaces. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem uses Euler characteristic to identify two dimensional topological spaces. Euler Poincare’s Theorem is an alternative way to find Euler characteristic with Betti number, which is topological invariant as well. The objective of this paper is to investigate the homeomorphism of torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾�����. Topological space torus and simplicial complex 𝐾����� have the same Euler characteristic, which is two. Based on Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem topological space torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾����� is homeomorphic.
Keyword: simplicial, torus, Euler, homeomorphism, topology