Judul: The influence of coconut testa oil as a source of lipids on the feed of Red Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pemanfaatan minyak kulit ari kelapa sebagai sumber lemak dalam pakan terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan ikan nila merah. Metode yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan lima perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Ikan nila merah yang digunakan rata-rata berbobot 9,15 ± 0,01 g/ekor dipelihara di akuarium berukuran 90 x 40 x 45 cm³ sebanyak 20 unit dengan kepadatan 15 ekor/akuarium yang diberi pakan minyak kulit ari kelapa (MK) dengan dosis berbeda: MK0 (kontrol), MK1 (1% minyak kulit ari kelapa), MK2 (2% minyak kulit ari kelapa), MK3 (3% minyak kulit ari kelapa), MK4 (4% minyak kulit ari kelapa) selama 60 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kinerja pertumbuhan berbeda nyata (P<0,05) terhadap biomassa akhir, pertambahan bobot, laju pertumbuhan harian, jumlah konsumsi pakan, rasio konversi pakan, dan efisiensi pakan. Nilai hepatosomatic index (HSI) dan intraperitoneal fat (IPF) menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang nyata antar perlakuan (P>0,05). Retensi protein dan retensi lemak pada perlakuan minyak kulit ari kelapa lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol (P<0,05). Kondisi kimia darah ikan menunjukkan kadar kolesterol dan LDL tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) antar perlakuan, sedangkan kondisi HDL dan trigliserida (TG) berbeda nyata (P<0,05) dengan perlakuan kontrol. Pemberian minyak kulit ari kelapa 1% merupakan dosis terbaik yang memberikan hasil kinerja pertumbuhan paling tinggi., This study aims to evaluate the effect of using coconut testa oil as a source of lipid in feed on the growth performance of red tilapia. The method used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and four replications. The red tilapia fish used an average weight of 9.15 ± 0.01 g/fish and were reared in aquariums measuring 90 x 40 x 45 cm³, totaling 20 units with a density of 15 fish/aquarium. They were fed with coconut testa oil (MK) at different doses: MK0 (control), MK1 (1% coconut testa oil), MK2 (2% coconut testa oil), MK3 (3% coconut testa oil), MK4 (4% coconut testa oil) for 60 days period. The results showed that growth performance was significantly different (P<0.05) to final biomass, weight gain, daily growth rate, amount of feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, and feed efficiency. The hepatosomatic index (HSI) and intraperitoneal fat (IPF) values showed no significant differences between treatments (P>0.05). Protein retention and lipid retention in coconut testa oil treatment were higher than control (P<0.05). The chemical condition of the fish's blood showed that cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were not significantly different (P>0.05) between treatments, while high density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride (TG) conditions were significantly different (P<0.05) from the control treatment. This means that dosage of 1% coconut testa oil is the best dose which provides the highest growth performance results.
Keyword: alternative ingredients, coconut testa oil, growth, lipid, red tilapia

Judul: Growth performance and antioxidants of red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) fed  with citral addition
Abstrak: Citral merupakan salah satu bahan aktif yang terkandung dalam berbagai bahan alami seperti serai dan kulit jeruk. Citral berpotensi untuk digunakan sebagai fitoadditive pada pakan untuk meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan melalui peningkatan pemanfaatan karbohidrat pakan dan antioksidan pada ikan nila merah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh penambahan citral pada pakan terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan dan aktivitas antioksidasi pada juvenil ikan nila merah (Oreochromis sp.). Penelitian ini menggunakan lima perlakuan pakan dengan tingkat penambahan citral yang berbeda dengan empat ulangan. Dosis citral yang digunakan yaitu 0 mg/kg (kontrol), 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 75 mg/kg, dan 100 mg/kg pakan. Ikan nila yang digunakan berukuran 1,21 ± 0,02 g sebanyak 15 ekor yang dipelihara dalam akuarium 0,8 × 0,4 × 0,35 m3 selama 60 hari. Ikan diberi pakan secara at-satiation dengan frekuensi pemberian pakan tiga kali sehari. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan penambahan fitoadditive citral pada pakan tidak berpengaruh pada biomassa akhir (252-286 g), bobot individu akhir (19,82-22,05 g), tingkat kelangsungan hidup (85- 93 %), rasio efisiensi protein (2,66-3,15), aktivitas antioksidasi (114-119 U/ g protein) dan rasio konversi pakan (1,20-1,15) pada ikan nila merah. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan citral pada pakan sebanyak 25 - 100 mg/kg pakan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan, pemanfaatan pakan dan aktivitas antioksidan pada juvenil ikan nila merah., Citral is one of the active ingredients contained in various natural ingredients such as lemongrass and orange peel. Citral has the potential to be used as a phytoadditive in feed to improve growth performance by increasing the utilization of feed carbohydrates and antioxidants in red tilapia. This study aims to evaluate the effect of adding citral to feed on the growth performance and anti-oxidation activity of red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.). This study used five dietary treatments with different levels of citral with four replicates. Citral doses used were 0 mg/kg (control), 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 75 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg of feed. 15 tilapia fish measuring 1,21 ± 0,02 g were reared in an aquarium of 0,8 × 0,4 × 0,35 m3 for 60 days. Fish were fed at satiation with a frequency of three times a day. The results of this study indicated that the addition of phytoadditive citral had no effect on final biomass (252-286 g), final mean body weight (19,82-22,05 g), survival (85-93 %), protein efficiency ratio (2,66-3,15), antioxidant activity (114-119 U/g protein) and feed conversion ratio (1,20-1,15) in red tilapia. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the addition of citral to feed as much as 25-100 mg/kg of feed has no significant effect on growth performance, feed utilization and antioxidant activity in red tilapia.
Keyword: antioxidation, citral, growth, red tilapia

Judul: Pelabelan Super Vertex Magic
Abstrak: Super vertex magic labeling is labeling on graph with is a set of edges mapped into and is a set of vertices mapped into . It has a vertex magic labeling in which and represents the size and order of the graph respectively. This manuscript proves that paths, cyclics, and disjoint union of cyclics have a super vertex magic labeling. There are four theorems to be discussed. The first theorem proves that path is super vertex magic if and only if is odd and . The second theorem proves that cyclic is super vertex magic if and only if is odd. The third theorem proves that bijection function from an edge set onto of graph can be extended to a super vertex magic labeling if and only if the set amount of edge label that incidents with a vertex in the graph, consists of sequential integers as many as vertices in the graph. The fourth theorem proves that disjoint union of the cyclics consists of cyclics with each cyclic has vertices is super vertex magic if and only if and are odd.
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