Judul: Urban risk analysis based on earthquake hazar vulnerability area in Bantul Regency
Abstrak: The aim of the research is to determine the area of hazard, vulnerability, and risk based on the occurrence of the earthquake in Bantul regency. The method used is a multicriteria analysis to generate the weight of each criterion, while the geographic information system (GIS) used to perform spatial analysis. Four hazard, criteria namely lithology (rock structure), the intensity of seismicity, slope, and the fault lines with weighted linear combination method produces some regions with low stability category, which is located in District Imogiri, Pleret, Pundong, Kretek, Sanden, Srandakan, Jetis, and Dlingo. Generally, an area with low stability is located right near Opak’s fault lines. The three main criteria in vulnerability analysis used to assess; the physical, demography, and social aspects. The analysis of the level of vulnerability used the pairwise comparison method to weighting criteria and sub criteria. Vulnerability analysis results show that the physical aspect (0794) is the most influential aspect in the assessment vulnerability level, followed by aspects of demography (0179) and social aspects (0071). The result of total vulnerability assessment includes three aspects: physical, demographic, and social show Bantul District (0886) is the area most vulnerable to earthquake occurrence. Assessment of risk level is a combination of hazard and vulnerability levels showed that nearly 45% of the study area included in the category of risk is very high and extreme. Other results showed nearly 40% of settlement area in the study area into high-risk category of settlement, or settlements with the probability of damage and high casualties if of disaster.
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Judul: Spatial Multi Criteria Analysis for Mud Volcano Vulnerable Area in Sidoarjo Regency, East Java Province
Abstrak: Managing an area for further planning requires information on risk level of area from natural hazard. Since May 29th 2006, a sea of hot mud has been gushing from the ground in Sidoarjo, East Java which caused economic, social, health and environmental impacts. Determining vulnerable area of hot mud volcano is important to provide information on the extent of the areas affected by the hazard. Vulnerability analysis requires set of factors determining dangerous level of particular area from a defined hazard source. Vulnerability analysis for natural hazard also deals with vagueness arising from expert judgment on related parameters. The objectives of this research were to develop multi-criteria evaluation method using fuzzy analysis approach for mud volcano vulnerable area and to develop mud volcano vulnerable map using proposed method. This research handles imprecision and subjectiveness involved in expert knowledge by using Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The alpha cut analysis and lambda function was performed in Fuzzy AHP process to assess the confidence level of experts about their preference. The method was then applied to generate mud volcano vulnerability for settlement area in Sidoarjo. The criteria used in the evaluation consist of subsidence, bubble gases, mud flooded and water quality. The experts that give their judgment in form of Pairwise Comparison Matrix (PCM) represent all elements of the society such as The National Sidoarjo Mudflow Mitigation Team (BPLS), Settlement Agency of Sidoarjo, Centre of Environmental Geology, academic disaster researchers and the public as a victim of Lapindo mud. Having established Fuzzy AHP to obtain criterion performance, the spatial analysis was done by applying this performance to criterion layer to create vulnerability area. The sensitivity analysis of the method was analyzed by using alpha cut (values 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8) and lambda function (values 0, 0.5 and 1). Performing these alpha cut and lambda value showed the highest sensitivity could be observed at alpha 0.4 and lambda 0. The comparison of vulnerability map resulted from applying Fuzzy AHP method at 100% confidence level with impacted area prepared by BPLS showed that these two maps have different class of vulnerability. The result of multi-criteria analysis showed that settlement areas located in impacted area were mostly categorized as high and moderate vulnerable class, while impacted area prepared by BPLS was categorized as high hazardous area. However, the surface area of the merged class Z1 and Z2 from vulnerability analysis covered area was almost same with impacted area prepared by BPLS.
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Judul: Transplantasi sel testikular ikan neon tetra Paracheirodon innesi pada benih ikan mas umur berbeda
Abstrak: Ikan neon tetra Paracheirodon innesi merupakan ikan hias yang memiliki nilai ekspor yang tinggi. Namun demikian, tingkat produksinya masih relatif rendah karena fekunditas ikan neon tetra yang sedikit (sekitar 180 telur/induk). Teknologi transplantasi sel testikular ikan neon tetra (ikan donor) ke ikan mas yang memiliki fekunditas telur yang banyak dan diharapkan mampu mengatasi ketersediaan benih ikan neon tetra. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan umur optimum benih ikan mas (calon ikan semang) yang mampu menerima sel target dengan baik dan memiliki keberhasilan kolonisasi yang tinggi. Testis ikan neon tetra didisosiasi menggunakan larutan tripsin 0,5%. Sel testikular diwarnai dengan PKH-26, kemudian ditransplantasikan ke rongga peritoneal benih ikan mas umur 7, 10 dan 14 hari setelah menetas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kelangsungan hidup ikan mas perlakuan transplantasi umur 7 hari (31,25%) lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan perlakuan transplantasi umur 10 hari (37,50%) dan 14 hari (56,25%). Persentase ikan terkolonisasi sel donor pada hari ke-21 pascatranplantasi pada benih umur 7 dan 10 hari adalah sama (80%), sedangkan transplantasi benih umur 14 hari sebesar 60%. Berdasarkan keberhasilan transplantasi secara kumulatif (tingkat kelangsungan hidup dan kolonisasi), transplantasi pada benih umur 14 hari (33,75%) menunjukkan hasil lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan transplantasi pada benih umur 7 hari (25,00%) dan benih umur 10 hari (30,00%). Dengan demikian, transplantasi sel testikular ikan neon tetra pada benih ikan mas telah berhasil dilakukan, dan umur optimum benih ikan mas adalah 14 hari setelah menetas.
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