Judul: (Partitioning Diet Intra and Inter-Spesific Competition of Two Kerapus (Epinephelus malabaricus And Epinephelus areolatus) Using DNA Metabarcoding)
Abstrak: Ikan Kerapu (Subfamily: Epinephelinae) merupakan predator tingkat tinggi (top predator) dalam ekosistem terumbu karang. Secara ekologi, ikan dari famili ini sangat penting dalam jejaring makanan di ekosistem terumbu karang, terutama di wilayah Raja Ampat. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis komposisi makanan dan kompetisi intra-dan inter spesifik antar dua spesies Serranidae (Epinephelus malabaricus dan Epinephelus areolatus) di Waisai, Kepulauan Raja Ampat. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada bulan Januari 2018 di tempat pendaratan ikan Waisai. Selanjutnya ekstraksi DNA dilakukan di Laboratorium BIODIVSI-Institut Pertanian Bogor. Amplifikasi DNA menggunakan primer COI Mitokondrial. Sekuensing DNA dilakukan di University of Rhode Island, Amerika Serikat. Kemudian data sekuensing didapatkan dan kemudian dianalisis menggunakan software QIIME2. Analisis statistik menggunakan software R dengan menggunakan paket Vegan dengan fungsi ggplot dan METAMDS. Analisis ini bertujuan untuk menentukan keragaman β berdasarkan indeks Shannon dan Simpson. Hasil menunjukkan komposisi makanan ikan kerapu terdiri atas 13 spesies dengan 8 famili yaitu Chanidae, Apogonidae, Serranidae, Scianidae, Holocentridae, Opleghnatidae, Lateolabracidae, Blennidae and satu spesiies yang tidak teridentifikasi (unindentified species). Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keragaman komposisi makanan pada ikan Epinephelus malabaricus lebih bervariasi daripada Epinephelus areolatus. Famili Scianidae mendominasi komposisi makanan di antara kedua spesies. Tidak terjadi persaingan interspesifik antara Epinephelus malabaricus dan Epinephelus areolatus. Hal ini disebabkan karena variasi jenis makanan pada Epinephelus areolatus lebih rendah daripada Epinephelus malabaricus. Sedangkan antar Epinephelus malabaricus berpotensi terjadinya kompetisi intraspesifik dan relung dalam ekosistem ikan tersebut., Kerapus (Subfamily: Epinephelinae) as the family Serranidae were known as top predators within the coral reef ecosystem. Ecologically, this family is one of the most important component in the food webs of the coral reef ecosystem, as in Raja Ampat. This study was conducted to investigate the food composition and as well as the inter and intra-specific competition of the two Serranidae species (Epinephelus malabaricus and Epinephelus areolatus) in Waisai, Raja Ampat. Data was collected in January 2018 at the fishlanding site in Waisai. Amplification of DNA was using the COI mithocondrial primer. Analysis were using the Software of QIIME 2 and R for statistical analysis by Vegan package with the ggplot and METAMDS function. Statistical analysis exhibiting of Shannon indices, Simpson indices and significance test used Permanova. Results showed that the total composition of fish food consists of 13 species (8 families), which were Chanidae, Apogonidae, Serranidae, Scianidae, Holocentridae, Opleghnatidae, Lateolabracidae, Blennidae and 1 unindentified species. The results showed a dissimilar diversity of food composition in both species of fish. Epinephelus malabaricus resulted the more variety of food composition than in Epinephelus areolatus. The Scianidae family was identified as the higher abundancy than other families in the food composition. There were not occurred interspecific competition between Epinephelus areolatus and Epinephelus malabaricus species, regarding to variations of the type of food feeding kerapu Epinephelus areolatus lower than Epinephelus malabaricus. On the contrary, there was an intracspesific competition in Epinephelus malabaricus species to the occurrence of niches in ecosystem.
Keyword: DNA metabarcoding, food composition, serranids, trophic level

Judul: Validasi Spesies dan Kebiasaan Makanan Epinephelus areolatus (Forsskal, 1775) di Perairan Raja Ampat Dengan Metode DNA Barcoding dan Metabarcoding
Abstrak: Ikan kerapu ekor putih (Epinephelus areolatus) merupakan salah satu anggota famili Serranidae genus Epinephelus sp. Ikan kerapu dikenal sebagai komoditas ekspor dan bernilai ekonomi tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi spesies Epinephelus areolatus dan jenis makanannya menggunakan metode DNA Barcoding dan Metabarcoding dengan marka gen COI. Hasil identifikasi spesies dengan metode DNA Barcoding menunjukkan bahwa sampel jaringan terbukti sebagai spesies Epinephelus areolatus dengan tingkat kemiripan 99.23%. Analisis makanan dilakukan dengan metode DNA Metabarcoding. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dengan software QIIME2 menunjukkan bahwa makanan dari ikan Epinephelus areolatus adalah Arthropoda (50%), Epinephelus sp. (36%) dan Eukaryota (14%). Hasil analisis makanan berdasarkan software MEGA 5.02 menunjukkan bahwa makanan Epinephelus areolatus didominasi oleh kelompok ikan (83%), malakostraka (12%), dan bivalvia (5%).
Keyword: ikan, isi perut ikan, identifikasi molekuler

Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4