Judul: Potensi Ekstrak Air dan Etanol Kumis Kucing, Pegagan, Tempuyung, dan Sambiloto sebagai Antihipertensi serta Profil Senyawa Pencirinya.
Abstrak: Kumis kucing, pegagan, tempuyung, and sambiloto are widely used as medicinal plants to treat a variety of diseases, such as hypertension. The objective of this researchs was to determine inhibitory activity of water extracts and 30% ethanol extract of these plants against ACE through in vitro assay. Three extracts with the highest inhibitory activity were formulated by using mixture design and its inhibitory activity against ACE was investigated. The result showed that 30% ethanol extract of pegagan, 30% ethanol extract of kumis kucing, and water extract of kumis kucing showed three of the highest inhibitory activity. Formulation of these extracts in composition of 1/6:1/6:2/3 and concentration of 100 ppm showed inhibition against ACE that slightly lower than inhibition of captopril at 100 ppm. Analysis of marker compounds by using thin layer chromatography showed that sinensetin band detected under UV light at 254 nm and 366 nm. Meanwhile high performance liquid chromatographic analysis showed that the formula contain asiaticoside more than sinensetin.
Keyword: ACE inhibition, antihypertensive, asiaticoside, sinensetin

Judul: Inhibisi Ekstrak Etanol Kumis Kucing, Pegagan, Sambiloto, dan Tempuyung terhadap Aktivitas Enzim Pengubah Angiotensin I secara In Vitro
Abstrak: Kumis kucing, pegagan, sambiloto, and tempuyung are medicinal plants potential as antihypertension. Thirty percent ethanol extracts of these plants were investigated towards angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition activity in vitro. The research was conducted at the optimum condition (32 °C of incubation temperature, pH 8.3, and 25 mU/mL of ACE concentration) by using 14, 25, 50, and 100 ppm of single extract concentration, and combined extract with specific compositions. The results were compared with captopril as positive control. Inhibition test of ACE with single extracts showed that 50 ppm of kumis kucing, 100 ppm of pegagan, 100 ppm of sambiloto, and 14 ppm of tempuyung have the highest inhibition of 76.98, 58.69, 53.74, and 62.89%, respectively. Combined extract of kumis kucing, pegagan, and tempuyung of 25:50:7 ratio showed 76.87% inhibition, higher than captopril.
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Judul: Transisi Fasa Materi Hadronik ke Materi Kuark pada Inti Bintang Neutron.
Abstrak: Bintang neutron terdiri dari beberapa lapisan yang disusun oleh materi nuklir yang berbeda dengan kerapatan yang semakin tinggi ketika mendekati pusat bintang. Inti luar bintang neutron disusun oleh materi hadronik (nukleon, lepton, dan hyperon), sedangkan inti dalam bintang neutron disusun oleh kuark-kuark bebas (up, down, strange) yang saling berinteraksi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari bagaimana transisi dari inti luar ke inti dalam bintang neutron dengan menggunakan pendekatan RMF (Relativistic Mean Field) untuk materi hadronik dan CIDDM (Confined Isospin Density Dependent Mass) untuk materi kuark. Tekanan transisi diperoleh ketika potensial kimia barion materi hadronik dan materi kuark bernilai sama. Nilai tekanan transisi dengan parameter SU6-TM1 sekitar 87 MeV/fm3 dan diperoleh massa maksimum bintang neutron yaitu 1.92M dengan jari-jari sekitar 8.62 km. Nilai tekanan transisi dengan parameter SU6-G2 sekitar 53 MeV/fm3 dan massa maksimum bintang neutron yaitu 1.88M dengan jari-jari sekitar 8.16 km. Jenis transisi fasa adalah orde satu ditandai dengan diskontinuitas dalam kerapatan energi (adanya mixed phase). Parameter-parameter pada model nuklir yang digunakan menyebabkan perbedaan kekakuan persamaan keadaan (EOS) dari materi hadronik dan materi kuark sehingga nilai tekanan transisi dari fasa hadronik ke fasa kuark juga berbeda.
Keyword: bintang neutron, persamaan keadaan, transisi fasa