Judul: Rip Current Phenomenon at Serang Beach, Blitar Regency, East Java
Abstrak: Jumlah kunjungan wisatawan ke Pantai Serang semakin meningkat, namun disisi lain pengetahuan mengenai kondisi pantai masih kurang. Wisatawan Pantai Serang pada tahun 2017 sebanyak 17.733 orang meningkat menjadi 52.779 orang pada tahun 2019. Hal ini akan berpotensi menimbulkan risiko adanya kecelakaan yang tinggi. Salah satu penyebab kecelakaan pantai adalah arus rabak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi jenis arusrabak dan menjelaskan ciri dan mekanisme terbentuknya arus rabak di kawasan Pantai Serang, Kabupaten Blitar, Jawa Timur. Arus rabak diidentifikasi melalui analisis data batimetri, morfologi pantai, angin, gelombang, dan foto udara. Batimetri Pantai Serang termasuk kategori perairan curam dengan kedalaman mencapai 50 m. Tipe kemiringan Pantai Serang termasuk kategori pantai dengan lereng miring dan sangat miring. Angin di Pantai Serang dominan berhembus dari arah tenggara. Gelombang di pantai Serang dominan menuju arah barat laut dengan tinggi gelombang berkisar 1,39 – 2,23 m. Gelombang pecah Pantai Serang merupakan tipe gelombang pecah plunging. Analisis foto udara menunjukan proses terjadinya arus rabak di Pantai Serang. Arus Rabak di kawasan wisata Pantai Serang terjadi akibat adanya struktur pembatas berupa tanjung yang mengapit pantai dan didukung dengan kondisi gelombang yang menuju Pantai Serang., The number of tourist visits to Serang Beach is increasing, but on the other hand, knowledge about the condition of the beach is still lacking. Serang Beach tourists in 2017 as many as 17,733 people increased to 52,779 people in 2019. This will potentially pose a high risk of accidents. One of the causes of beach accidents is the tidal current. This study aims to identify the type of rip currents and explain the characteristics and mechanisms of the formation of rip currents in the Serang Beach area, Blitar Regency, East Java. Rip currents were identified through analysis of bathymetric data, beach morphology, wind, waves, and aerial photographs. The bathymetry of Serang Beach belongs to the category of steep waters with a depth of up to 50 m. The slope type of Serang Beach belongs to the category of beaches with sloping and very sloped slopes. The dominant wind on Serang Beach blows from the southeast. The waves on the Serang beach are dominant towards the northwest with wave heights ranging from 1.39 to 2.23 m. The breaking wave of Serang Beach is a type of plunging breaking wave. Aerial photo analysis shows the process of rip currents on Serang Beach. The Rip current in the tourist area of Serang Beach occurs due to a barrier structure in the form of a promontory flanking the beach and supported by wave conditions towards Serang Beach.
Keyword: bathymetry, morphology, rip current, Serang Beach, wave

Judul: Fenomena Arus Rabak (Rip Current) Di Kawasan Pantai Panjang, Kota Bengkulu
Abstrak: Tingginya kunjungan wisatawan namun minim pengetahuan tentang kondisi pantai, dapat menyebabkan adanya risiko kecelakaan pantai yang tinggi. Arus rabak adalah salah satu penyebab terjadinya kecelakaan pantai. Tercatat sebanyak 35 kasus terseretnya wisatawan pernah terjadi di Pantai Panjang dari tahun 2009 hingga tahun 2021. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan kondisi oseanografi pada lokasi yang berpotensi munculnya arus rabak berdasarkan musim, jenis arus rabak, serta menjelaskan karakteristik arus rabak melalui ciri dan proses pembentuk arus rabak. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Pantai Panjang, Kota Bengkulu. Analisis arus rabak menggunakan model SWAN, kedalalaman perairan, angin dan citra satelit. Topografi dasar laut pesisir Bengkulu relatif landai. Gelombang signifikan tertinggi terjadi pada bulan Januari 2017 yaitu 0.25 m dengan periode gelombang terlama terjadi pada bulan April 2021 yaitu 1.63 s. Karakteristik tipe gelombang pecah Pantai Panjang yaitu plunging. Fenomena arus rabak kerap terjadi di Pantai Panjang dengan jenis bar-gap rips. Pembentukan arus rabak dipengaruhi oleh kondisi topografi. Arus rabak yang terjadi di Pantai Panjang dapat ditemui s
Keyword: Arus rabak, Gelombang, Pantai Panjang, SWAN, Topografi, Panjang Beach, Rip Current, Topography, Wave

Judul: Nutritional Properties of Cocoa Pods as Ruminant Feedstuff
Abstrak: An attempt to increase cocoa pods quality feed for ruminant have been done using fermentation techniques with or without urea addition. Five treatments (Fresh cocoa pod = C; fermentation with addition urea 0 g/kg = U0 or ensilage; 10 g/kg = U1; 20 g/kg = U2 and 30 g/kg fresh substances of cocoa pods) have been examined for their effect on pH, proximate composition, N-fractions, amino acid compositions, cell wall constituents, anti nutritive compounds, in vitro gas production (Gb), estimate organic matter digestibility (OMD) and metabolizable energy (ME) of cocoa pods. Ensilage (U0) improve feed values of cocoa pods by weakening the lingo-cellulose or –hemicellulose bonds, resulting in higher in vitro gas production as well as higher OMD and ME contents compare to fresh cocoa pods. The protein value of cocoa pods, expressed as true protein (TP) or non ammonia nitrogen (NAN) minus urea nitrogen (UR) was also improved. Addition of urea affected the composition of the fibre fraction as to the proportion of NDF, ADF and ADL and the content of TP was slightly increased. Urea treatment increased Gb, OMD and ME compared to ensiled or fresh cocoa pods. The optimum level of urea for maximum Gb was 6.7 g/100 g DM cocoa pods. The optimum level to reach maximum OMD and ME were also reached at urea level 6.5 – 6.7 g/100 g DM cocoa pods.
Keyword: