Judul: Kontestasi aktor dalam perebutan sumberdaya timah di Bangka
Abstrak: This study aims to map the position and role of mining actors (community) in their contestation in a seizure of tin resource in Bangka. In the contestation it is expected that a new direction regarding the transition of consolidation of democracy, that takes place in Bangka, is illustrated or reflected. In an effort to achieve the aim, the contestation of mining actors is confronted with changes in the political ecology of tin resource as well as the determination of the transition of consolidation of democracy towards a better direction or vice versa. This study uses a qualitative approach of Giddens’ structuralism with analysis of the paradigm of Critical Theory. In the historical realism of mining in Bangka, it is illustrated that the state’s dominance through mining corporate (PT Timah Tbk) was very powerful and diminished in the post New Order era. Effort to unravel the things behind that change refers to the work of the Critical Theory paradigm. The research was conducted in the hamlets of Airputih and Mayang in West Bangka Regency with a focus on the contestation of two mining actors with the state, regional government and investor/private actors. The results showed that: (1) the political map of the governance of tin resource in Bangka shifts in character from a state’s monolithic to a distributed multilithic; (2) The non-capitalistic Reformer Actors (RA) carry non-capitalist eco-populist ideology while starting “stop mining” with revitalizing the potential of community modes of production, and Transitional Actors (TA) carry Capitalist ideology while starting “tin for the people” stay afloat with tin mining despite the destruction of the environment; (3) in the practice of mining in Bangka the RA is more accurately described as Rational Actors, while TA is more accurately described as Pragmatic Actors.
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Judul: Reklamasi lahan pascatambang timah dan tingkat perkembangan wilayah di Kabupaten Bangka
Abstrak: Tin mining industry in Bangka Regency contributes positively to the national income, and increase in Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), labour availability, and economic value. The tin mining also poses negative impacts on the environment. Post-mined reclamation is expected to increase regional economic level and stimulate economic growth so that after the closure of mining activities there is no inequality in the community socio-economic aspect. The aims of the research are: (1) to assess tin post-mined land reclamation techniques for plant growth, (2) to assess the types of reclamation plants suitable to grow and have an economic benefit to the community, (3) to determine priority of the reclamation plant types suitable to grow based on the stakeholders perceptions, (4) to plan an arrangement of plant types and land reclamation techniques in the tin post-mined area, and (5) to determine the level of the community income and regional development in villages with tin mining activities in Bangka Regency. The results show that the reclamation technique that can be implemented was by providing soil ameliorants (manure or compost, top soil and rock phosphate or dolomite) and fertilizers to the tailings, and then provide MAF inoculant or planting cover crops of the leguminoseae familiy and planted with native plants or plants which suitable to grow in the such a tin postmined land conditions. Implementation of the reclamation technique resulted in an increase in land suitability classes to be S3 (marginally suitable) for rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) and S2 (moderately suitable) for sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) and acacia (Acacia auriculiformis). Based on the stakeholder perception, rubber is the priority plant, while plant which generate economic benefit is sengon. The community income of villages around the tin mining area increased in the period of 2003-2008. At the time of mining activities, hierarchy of some villages around the mine increased but then decreased after the closure of the tin mining activities.
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Judul: Pengujian Virus Newcastle Disease Gen VII Isolat Lapang Sebagai Virus Standar Pada Uji Tantang Vaksin
Abstrak: This study was conducted to determine the standard of Newcastle disease virus Gene VII field isolate as a virus challenge to vaccine test. A virus suspension that has previously been tested by HA test then titrated with EID50 using 30 Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) of 10 day old chicken embryonated eggs. In addition, chicken lethal dose50 (CLD50) test were used to determine the virus titer that could cause 50% death of the chicken population. The CLD50 test was used 25 day-old-chickens (DOC) divided into 5 groups. The virus was diluted from 10-1 to 10-8. The 104 to 10-8 dilution of NDV was infected to every group of chicken via eyedrop and intranasal with 0.1 ml/chicken dosage. Haemagglutination test showed that the allantoic fluid were contain high titers of NDV is 512 HAU. The infective NDV that had been titrated by EID50 test showed the virus titers is 109 EID50/0.1 ml or 1010 EID50/ml and the virus titers of CLD50 test e.i 106.48 CLD50/0.1 ml or 107.48 CLD50/ml. These results can be concluded that the NDV Gene VII field isolates were most appropriate to be used as a standard virus to vaccine test
Keyword: Newcastle Disease Virus Gene VII, HA tes, EID50 test, CLD50 test