Judul: Livelihood Strategies and The Welfare’s Level of Female Former Migrant Household (Case: Kebonpedes Village, Kebonpedes Sub-District, Sukabumi District)
Abstrak: Pasca kepulangan PMI (Pekerja Migran Indonesia) Perempuan, mereka akan menghadapi tantangan finansial yang mengganggu kesejahteraan rumah tangga. Penelitian berlokasi di Desa Kebonpedes, Kabupaten Sukabumi yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan alokasi pemanfaatan remitan dengan strategi nafkah menggunakan karakteristik PMI. Serta untuk menganalisis pengaruh strategi nafkah terhadap tingkat kesejahteraan rumah tangga purna PMI. Hasil uji korelasi Rank Spearman menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan remitan mayoritas digunakan untuk kegiatan konsumsi rumah tangga, oleh karena itu pemanfaatan pada kegiatan investasi dan produktif masih sangat minim. Adapun hubungan karakteristik PMI dengan strategi nafkah tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan karena tujuan utama PMI bermigrasi yaitu untuk pemenuhan kehidupan sehari-hari. Dengan demikian, hasil uji regresi tidak menunjukkan adanya pengaruh antara strategi nafkah terhadap tingkat kesejahteraan rumah tangga purna pekerja migran perempuan., After the return of female migrant workers (PMI), they will face financial challenges that disrupt household welfare. The study is located in Kebonpedes Village, Sukabumi District and aims to analyze the relationship between remittance utilization allocation and livelihood strategies using PMI characteristics. And to analyze the effect of livelihood strategies on the welfare level of former PMI households. The results of the Rank Spearman correlation test show that the majority of remittance utilization is used for household consumption activities, therefore the utilization in investment and productive activities is minimum. The relationship between PMI characteristics and livelihood strategies doesn’t show a significant relationship because the main purpose of PMI migrating is to fulfill their daily needs. Thus, the regression test results do not show any influence between the livelihood strategy and the household welfare level of former female migrant workers.
Keyword: alocation of remittance, livelihood strategies, welfare, female former migrant

Judul: Remittances Contribution of Former Women Migrant Workers towards Household Economy (Case: Gantuang Ciri Village, Kubung Sub District, Solok District)
Abstrak: Jumlah lapangan kerja yang terbatas serta upah yang rendah di daerah asal menjadi faktor pendorong masyarakat bekerja sebagai migran ke luar negeri, terutama perempuan. Migran asal Nagari Gantuang Ciri mengirimkan remitan dan dimanfaatkan dalam kebutuhan konsumsi, produksi, dan investasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan kontribusi pemanfaatan remitan dan sisa remitan saat ini dengan kondisi perekonomian rumah tangga. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif melalui metode survei dan didukung oleh pendekatan kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam dan studi literatur. Data kuantitatif diolah menggunakan alat uji Chi-Square dan Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jenis remitan ekonomi merupakan karakteristik purna PMI saat menjadi PMI yang memiliki hubungan dengan kontribusi remitan. Remitan berkontribusi paling besar pada kebutuhan konsumsi, namun tidak memiliki sisa remitan yang terlihat hingga saat ini. Sisa remitan yang membantu perekonomian rumah tangga berasal dari sisa remitan kebutuhan produksi dan investasi. Sisa remitan produksi berupa usaha yang dibangun oleh purna PMI dalam berbagai bidang. Sisa remitan investasi berupa tabungan berbentuk emas serta lahan atau hewan ternak yang dibeli., The limited number of employment opportunities and low wages in the area of origin are driving factors of people to work as migrants abroad, especially women. Migrants from Nagari Gantuang Ciri sent remittances and are used for consumption, production and investment needs. The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between the contribution remittances utilization and the remaining current remittances with the household economic condition. The research method is a quantitative approach through survey methods and supported by a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and literature studies. Quantitative data was processed using the Chi-Square and Rank Spearman test equipment. The results showed that the type of economic remittance was a characteristic of retired PMIs when they became PMIs which had a strong relationship with remittances contributions. Remittances contribute the most to consumption needs, but have no remain until now. The remaining remittances that help the household economy come from production and investment needs. The remaining production remittances are from businesses built by former PMIs in various fields. The remaining investment remittances are from savings in the form of gold and purchased land or livestock.
Keyword: former women migrant worker, household economy, remittance

Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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