Judul: Karakteristik Habitat Bintang Laut Biru (Linckia laevigata) di Perairan Pulau Menjangan Taman Nasional Bali Barat, Bali
Abstrak: Pulau Menjangan Taman Nasional Bali Barat memiliki ekosistem terumbu karang yang sedang dengan persentase 30.39%. Persentase tersebut menjadikan Menjangan sebagai pulau dengan keanekaragaman biota laut yang berlimpah salah satunya yaitu bintang laut biru (Linckia laevigata). Ekosistem terumbu karang yang masih memiliki karang hidup yang signifikan dapat menjadi habitat utama bagi bintang laut biru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik habitat dari bintang laut biru. Pengambilan data bentik dilakukan pada empat stasiun dengan kedalaman masing-masing stasiun 5 m dan panjang transek 150 m, untuk pengambilan data kepadatan bintang laut biru menggunakan metode yang sama namun dengan tambahan alat berupa transek kuadrat 50 cm x 50 cm. Hasil pengamatan menunjukan bahwa habitat bintang laut biru memiliki habitat yang beragam berupa terumbu karang (hard coral) dengan persentase sebesar 39.15%, rubble 24.47%, sand 12.66%. Nilai tersebut merupakan rata-rata terbesar pada habitat bintang laut biru di 4 stasiun, namun ternyata habitat tersebut tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kehadiran bintang laut biru. Kata kunci: bintang laut biru, kepadatan, pulau menjangan, tutupan bentik, Menjangan Island in West Bali National Park has a moderate coral reef ecosystem with a percentage of 30.39%. This percentage makes Menjangan an island with abundant marine life diversity, one of which is the blue starfish (Linckia laevigata). Coral reef ecosystems that still have significant live corals can be the main habitat for blue starfish. This study aims to determine the habitat characteristics of blue starfish. Benthic data collection was carried out at four stations with a depth of each station of 5 m and a transect length of 150 m, for data collection of blue starfish density using the same method but with additional tools in the form of 50 cm x 50 cm quadratic transects. The results showed that the habitat of blue starfish has a diverse habitat in the form of coral reefs (hard coral) with a percentage of 39.15%, rubble 24.47%, sand 12.66%. This value is the largest average in blue starfish habitat at 4 stations, but apparently the habitat does not significantly affect the presence of blue starfish Keywords: benthic cover, blue starfish, deer island, density
Keyword: benthic cover, blue starfish, deer island, density

Judul: : Struktur Komunitas Ikan Karang pada Ekosistem Terumbu Karang di Pulau Menjangan, Taman Nasional Bali Barat
Abstrak: Terumbu karang merupakan ekosistem yang banyak ditemukan di pulaupulau kecil di wilayah tropis, termasuk di Pulau Menjangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kondisi ekosistem terumbu dan struktur komunitas ikan karang serta hubungan antara kelimpahan ikan karang dan bentuk pertumbuhan karang keras di Pulau Menjangan Taman Nasional Bali Barat. Pengambilan data ikan dilakukan dengan metode Underwater Visual Cencus dan pengambilan data terumbu karang menggunakan metode Point Intercept Transect. Persentase tutupan karang hidup termasuk ke dalam kategori sedang hingga baik sekali. Ditemukan total 10 bentuk pertumbuhan karang keras, 25 famili, 59 genus, 105 spesies dan 3104 individu ikan. Jenis-jenis ikan karang yang teridentifikasi dari hasil pengamatan dibedakan menjadi tiga kelompok yaitu ikan indikator, ikan mayor, dan ikan target. Kelompok ikan mayor paling banyak ditemukan di keempat Stasiun pengamatan. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman, keseragaman dan dominansi menunjukkan kondisi komunitas ikan karang di Pulau Menjangan berada dalam kondisi yang cukup baik atau stabil. Hasil visualisasi keterkaitan antara famili ikan karang dengan pertumbuhan karang keras berupa biplot dari analisis memberikan keragaman informasi sebesar 79,92% dari keseluruhan data yang didapat., Coral reefs are ecosystems commonly found on small islands in tropical regions, including Menjangan Island. This research aims to examine the condition of the reef ecosystem and the structure of coral fish communities, as well as the relationship between the abundance of coral fish and hard coral lifeform in Menjangan Island, West Bali National Park. Fish data collection was carried out using the Underwater Visual Census method, and coral reef data were collected using the Point Intercept Transect method. The percentage of live coral cover falls into the categories of fairly to very good. A total of 10 forms of hard coral growth, 25 families, 59 genera, 105 species, and 3104 individual fish were found. Coral fish species identified from observations were categorized into three groups: indicator fish, major fish, and target fish. The major fish group was most commonly found in all four observation stations. Diversity index, evenness, and dominance values indicate that the coral fish community at Menjangan Island is in fairly good or stable condition. The visualization results of the relationship between coral fish families and hard coral growth in the form of a biplot from the analysis provide 79.92% information diversity from the overall data obtained.
Keyword: terumbu karang, ikan karang, komunitas bentik, karang keras

Judul: Sintesis Flavonol melalui 2’-Hidroksikalkon
Abstrak: Flavonol is a class of flavonoids commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Flavonol is very useful, especially in food sector and health. In this study, flavonol unsubstituted was successfully synthesized from an intermediate material 2’-hydroxychalcone. The 2’-hydroxychalcone was synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation method between o-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde using 4 different catalysts, namely KOH 60%, solid pellet of KOH-grinding technique, BF3-Et2O, and NaH in DMF. The KOH 60% was the best catalyst, giving the highest yield (57%). Afterward, the flavonol was synthesized in 1-stage oxidation cyclization of o-hydroxyacetophenone using Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction, giving 76%. The flavonol total yield from 2’-hydroxychalcone was 43%. All synthesized products were characterized by their melting points and their spectra. The success of the synthesis flavonol opens the way to synthesis of useful flavonol derivatives such as quercetin and kaempferol
Keyword: