Judul: Pembuatan Alat Ukur Glukosa Berbasis Fluoresensi Carbon Dots-Boric Acids (CDs-BA).
Abstrak: Fluoresensi adalah proses pemancaran radiasi cahaya oleh suatu materi setelah tereksitasi oleh berkas cahaya berenergi tinggi. Mekenisme fluoresens terjadi berdasarkan dua faktor utama yaitu surface state defect atau perubahan keadaan permukaan, dan quantum confinement atau kurungan kuantum. Alat deteksi glukosa berbasis fluoresensi CDs-BA dibuat dengan memanfaatkan hasil reaksi material sensor CDs-BA dengan glukosa yang menghasilkan emisi fluoresensi. Material sensor yang dapat berinteraksi dengan glukosa dibuat menggunakan bahan carbon dots (CDs) dan boric acid (BA) yang dilarutkan ke dalam aquadest. Material sensor yang dicampur dengan glukosa akan dieksitasi menggunakan sinar laser UV dan menghasilkan puncak emisi fluoresensi yang bergantung pada konsentrasi glukosa. Semakin besar konsentrasi glukosa maka semakin besar pula emisi fluoresensi yang diperoleh. Perbedaan emisi pada setiap konsentrasi glukosa dimanfaatkan sebagai sinyal inputan. Hasil pengukuran alat memperlihatkan adanya peningkatan nilai tegangan seiring dengan besar konsentrasi glukosa pada larutan CDs-BA yang di uji. Material sensor CDs-BA yang dicampur glukosa murni dengan berbagai konsentrasi memiliki nilai tegangan yang berbanding lurus dengan konsentrasi. Semakin besar konsentrasi glukosa maka intensitas emisi yang dihasilkan semakin terang, sehingga semakin besar pula nilai tegangan yang dihasilkan oleh fotodetektor.
Keyword: alat deteksi glukosa, carbon dots, boric acid, fluoresensi

Judul: Pengembangan biosensor glukosa menggunakan metode screen printing untuk deteksi kadar glukosa dalam darah
Abstrak: Telah dilakukan pengembangan disposable biosensor (biosensor sekali pakai) untuk deteksi glukosa dalam darah menggunakan metode screen printing. Biosensor dibuat dengan sistem tiga elektroda yaitu elektroda kerja, elektroda pendukung, dan elektroda pembanding. Uji EIS (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy) dilakukan dengan alat LCR meter tipe HIOKI 3522-50 LCR HiTESTER untuk mengetahui konduktivitas dan impedansi elektroda kerja pada frekuensi antara 42 Hz sampai 100 kHz. Proses immobilisasi enzim dilakukan dengan metode drop coating pada permukaan elektroda kerja menggunakan mediator 1,1’-Dimethylferrocene dimana enzim yang digunakan adalah glukosa oksidase (GOD). Uji sensitivitas dilakukan dengan tekhnik cyclic voltammetry dengan memvariasikan konsentrasi glukosa yakni 25 mg/dl, 50 mg/dl, 75 mg/dl, 100 mg/dl, 125 mg/dl, 150 mg/dl, dan 200 mg/dl. Stabilitas biosensor diuji dengan memvariasikan lama penyimpanan strip biosensor yang sudah diimmobilisasi selama 1 minggu dan 2 minggu dengan variasi konsentrasi glukosa 50 mg/dl, 100 mg/dl, dan 150 mg/dl. Hasil uji EIS menunjukkan bahwa konduktivitas elektroda kerja biosensor sebesar 7.8 x 10-4 Siemens.m-1 dan memiliki impedansi yang kecil dibandingkan dengan penelitian sebelumnya.
Keyword: Cyclic voltammetry, Reaksi analit-receptor, Penicillium notatum

Judul: Phylogeography and Species Limits in the Papuan White Snake (Micropechis ikaheka) (Reptilia: Serpentes: Elapidae)
Abstrak: Papua white snake, Micropechis ikaheka, has been distingushed into two subspecies M.i. ikaheka and M.i. fasciatus. However, due to lack of data on their morphology, distribution and ecology, both subspecies often ignored in scintific discussions and refers only byas , Micropechis ikaheka. This study was designed to document the differences between M.i. ikaheka and M.i fasciatus by using scales characteristics and reproductive organ or hemipenes. The study also examine, zoogeography, habitat, diet and cannibalism of both subspecies to better understanding the the ecology of one of the most venomous snakes in the world. This study consists of three topics with method and also different in the size samples, respectively. The first study is the histology and microtopography of the skin were studied using paraffin method and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The second is the hemipenis were examined by following Myers and Cadle (2003), and Zaher and Prudente (2003). The third is the abdominal surgery was carried out to document diet type and the investigate phenomenon of cannibalism in the snake. Specimens for this study came from the collection from Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB) and Universitas Negeri Papua’s Laboratory (LZU). The research result also indicated that the markers of skin and hemipenis described the same structure and microornamentation in all M. ikaheka groups being compared. Based specimens examined morphological descriptions do not s support the further differentiation in Micropechis. In short, two markers that used in this study could not sufficiently indicate the differences in the level of species and subspecies of M. ikaheka. The study, however, were able to delineate zoogeography and skin color patterns, which fall into four groups: M. i. ikaheka; M. i. fasciatus. M. i. ssp. “intermediate”; and M. i. ssp “black”. This study also revealed that color variations did not overlap in their geographic distribution. It is therefore, it suggested that environmental factors may contribute to the skin color variations. It also assumed that habitat discontinuous and biogeography factors may also cause the loss of the connection between the original populations (vicarians) or follow colonization events (dispersal). The examined of 22 stomach contents of M. ikaheka shows this species is carnivorous, and prey on vertebrates such as amphibians, fish, reptiles, and Mammals. These snakes are opportunistic predators since they prey on all that can be captured, but mainly reptiles (61.5%), followed by mammals and fish (both 15.4%), and amphibians (7.7%). Although categorized as terrestrial animal, the diet study showed that M. ikaheka snakes often go into the water to hunt for fish (the sample from Yapen island), including eel (the sample from Aru island). Based on prey items indentified, there is evidence that M. ikaheka is cannibal. At this time, there still no record on reason for cannibalism, but it is assumed that cannibalism was due to competition between populations and means to control population.
Keyword: geographic variation, white snake, papua