Judul: Fiscal Decentralization and Poverty in Border Areas of Indonesia
Abstrak: Kemiskinan masih menjadi permasalahan utama bagi Negara Indonesia terutama di daerah perbatasan. Berdasarkan data kemiskinan daerah perbatasan, tingkat kemiskinan di daerah perbatasan pada 2019 masih tergolong tinggi yaitu sebesar 15.24 persen dari total penduduk daerah perbatasan. Penelitian terdahulu menemukan adanya pengaruh antara desentralisasi fiskal dan pengentasan kemiskinan. Namun demikian, tingkat kemandirian fiskal pada sebagian besar kabupaten/kota di daerah perbatasan tergolong belum mandiri. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengalisis pengaruh desentralisasi fiskal terhadap tingkat kemiskinan di daerah perbatasan selama 2015 – 2019. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis regresi linear berganda data panel. Data yang digunakan adalah data 41 kabupaten/kota di daerah perbatasan selama periode tahun 2015 – 2019. Desentralisasi fiskal dalam penelitian ini diproksikan dengan variabel derajat desentralisasi fiskal. Hasil estimasi data panel menunjukkan bahwa derajat desentralisasi fiskal, rata – rata lama sekolah dan pertumbuhan ekonomi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap penurunan jumlah penduduk miskin sementara jumlah penduduk dan tingkat pengangguran terbuka berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kenaikan tingkat kemiskinan di daerah perbatasan Indonesia., Poverty is a major problem for Indonesia, especially in border areas. Based on data on poverty in the border areas, the poverty rate in the border areas is still high at 15.24 percent of border areas’s total population. Previous research has found the influence between fiscal decentralization and poverty alleviation. Unfortunately, the level of fiscal independence for most districts / cities in border areas is not yet independent. This study aims to analyze the effect of fiscal decentralization on poverty levels in border areas during 2015 – 2019. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis and linear regression analysis of panel data. The data used is data from 41 districts / cities in the border areas during the period 2015 – 2019. Fiscal decentralization in this study is proxied by the variable degree of fiscal decentralization. The results of panel data show that the degree of fiscal decentralization, the average length of schooling and economic growth have a significant effect on reducing the number of poor people in the population and the open unemployment rate has a significant effect on increasing the poverty rate in the border areas of Indonesia.
Keyword: daerah perbatasan, data panel, derajat desentralisasi fiskal, kemiskinan, border areas, panel data, degree of fiscal decentralization, poverty

Judul: The Effect of Fiscal Decentralization and Other Determinants on Poverty Level in East Java Province
Abstrak: Kemiskinan menjadi isu global dan diungkapkan secara tegas sebagai sasaran pembangunan milenium. Provinsi Jawa Timur menjadi provinsi yang memiliki jumlah penduduk miskin paling banyak di Indonesia yang mencapai 4,6 juta jiwa tahun 2020. Rata-rata derajat desentralisasi fiskal Provinsi Jawa Timur pada tahun 2015-2020 sebesar 60,54 persen yang artinya tingkat kemandirian daerah dikategorikan sangat tinggi, namun permasalahan kemiskinan masih belum teratasi. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh desentralisasi fiskal terhadap tingkat kemiskinan di Provinsi Jawa Timur. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif dan analisis regresi data panel. Data yang dipakai yaitu data dari 38 kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Timur selama periode tahun 2015-2020. Dalam penelitian ini, desentralisasi fiskal diproksikan melalui variabel derajat desentralisasi fiskal. Hasil analisis menunjukkan variabel derajat desentralisasi fiskal berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kemiskinan. Sementara variabel angka harapan hidup, rata-rata lama sekolah dan Upah Minimum Kabupaten/Kota (UMK) berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kemiskinan di Provinsi Jawa Timur., Poverty has become a global issue and is expressed as the targets in the millennium development. East Java Province is the province with the highest number of poor people in Indonesia, reaching 4.6 million people in 2020. The average degree of fiscal decentralization of East Java Province in 2015-2020 is 60.54 percent, which means that the level of regional independence is categorized as very high, but the problem of poverty is still not resolved. This study aims to analyze the effect of fiscal decentralization on poverty levels in East Java Province. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis and panel data regression analysis. The data used is data from 38 districts/cities in East Java Province during the 2015-2020. In this study, fiscal decentralization is proxied through the variable degree of fiscal decentralization. The results show that the degree of fiscal decentralization has a positive significant effect on poverty. Meanwhile, the variables of life expectancy, average length of schooling and Regency/City Minimum Wage (UMK) have a significant and negative effect on poverty in East Java Province.
Keyword: Degree of fiscal decentralization, poverty, panel data, Jawa Timur

Judul: Characterization of CoCrMo alloy with titanium nitride and hydroxyapatite-chitosan coating
Abstrak: Endoprosthetic is moving tool for implant in the body, made of metals or polymers. Stainless steel, Co-based alloys, and Ti materials are widely used for implant materials. Co alloy used is CoCrMo which has excellent properties such as good biocompatibility, corrosion resistant, good mechanical properties such as hardness, strength, and high wear resistance, supporting its utilization as an implant material. CoCrMo alloy was synthesized using tri arc furnace with heating temperature of 3000 °C. TiN coating using plasma sputtering and nitriding method, characterized by a layer of gold. The content of Ti in the layer was 3.85% (w/w), whereas the content N was difficult to determine. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) was synthesized using wet method with Ca source of chicken eggshell and P source of H3PO4 80%. HAp-chitosan composite coating aimed at improving the biocompatibility and corrosion resistance of CoCrMo. In vitro test showed that CoCrMo with TiN and HAp-chitosan coating had excellent corrosion resistance in liquid medium infusion, whereas samples HAp and CoCrMo with TiN coatings and HAp-chitosan had high level of toxicity in endothelial cell culture tests.
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