Judul: Suatu Studi Perjanjian Indonesia - Jepang Tentang Penangkapan Ikan Tuna di Laut Banda (Banda Sea Agreement)
Abstrak: Penulisan Karya Ilmiah ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui latar belakanq beroperasinya kapal-kapal Jepang diperairan Indonesia sejak dahulu, sebelum terbentuknya negar Republik Indonesia. Denqan dalih sebagai nelayan tradisional, mereka berhasrat untuk tetap dapat beroperasi di perairan Indonesia, khususnya disekitar Laut Banda yang terkenal sebagai sumber tuna jenis bigeye didaerah Asia Tenggara.
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Judul: Studi tentang daerah penangkapan perikanan tuna longline dengan pendekatan hook rate di Perairan Indonesia
Abstrak: Besarnya potensi perikanan Indonesia, memberikan peluang untuk pengembangan industri perikanan di Indone- sia. Salah satu komoditi perikanan yang memiliki kontri- busi nyata terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional adalah ikan tuna. Prospek pengembangannya sangat besar mengingat keadaan permintaan pasar dunia akan komoditi ini masih terus meningkat. Mengingat luasnya daerah penyebaran tuna di perairan Indonesia, maka diperlukan adanya suatu pengkajian menge- nai fishing ground yang potensial sehingga pada saat operasi penangkapan tuna, dapat berlangsung seefisien mungkin dengan mengetahui fishing ground yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) Mengkaji data hasil tangkapan Tuna Longline armada penangkapan Jepang di perairan Indonesia selama tahun 1976 1980 untuk diguna- kan sebagai bahan acuan dalam menentukan fishing ground dengan perpedoman pada nilai hook rate yang dihasilkan di setiap area penangkapan (2) Memperkirakan puncak musim penangkapan dan pola musim penangkapannya. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode analisis deskriptif. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Annual Report of Effort and Catch Statistics by Area on Japanese Tuna Longline Fishery yang merupakan data hasil tangkapan tuna armada penangkapan Jepang yang melakukan operasi penangkapan di wilayah perairan Indonesia. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis hook rate yaitu persentase jumlah hasil tangkapan tuna (ekor) per seratus mata pancing yang digu- nakan sebagai nilai CPUE, dan analisis pola musim penang- kapan dengan menggunakan metode Moving Avarage…dst
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Judul: Efforts to Control and Prevent Pathogenic Infection of Multi-Drug Resistant Organism (MDRO) of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Clone Using Alcohol-Base Hand Rub.
Abstrak: The pandemic that is occurring caused both by COVID-19 (currently occurring) as well as the clone of the methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the previous period has really threatened human life. This condition requires materials that can break the chain of transmission from human to human and from the environment to human. An alcohol-based antiseptic (hand rub/hand sanitizer) often contains ethanol, isopropanol or n-propanol, or a combination of two of these types. Alcohol has an excellent germicidal activity in vitro against gram-positive and gram-negative vegetative bacteria (including multidrug-resistant pathogens such as MRSA and VRE) as well as viruses. Hand rub/hand sanitizer products are declared good if they have formulation stability, no irritation effect when they are used and are able to kill pathogens more than 90%. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of alcohol-based hand rub with WHO-based-standard formulation based on the stability of the formulation, the risk of irritation and the ability to kill bacteria. Hand rub/hand sanitizer was made by modifying the levels of the WHO formula with a hygiene procedure for 500 ml/bottle with the composition: Ethanol 96%; H2O2 3%; Glycerol 98%; and Aqua Sterile ad 500ml. Assessment on the presence of rancidity, clarity, discoloration, final alcohol content and skin irritation risk was done to know the quality of product formulation. A bacterial Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was used to assess the percentage of bacterial killing power. The selected bacteria were bacteria commonly found in the hospital environment. The results of formulation stability from four variants of level modification showed that MD.4 has good stability compared to other formulation modifications. The results of the percentage kill test against MRSA showed that the percentage kill is 99.90% at 1st, 2nd, and 5th minute. The selected manufacturer's product also showed the same percentage kill value at 1st, 2nd, and 5th minute. The results of percentage kill test showed that the effective value for each contact time is ≥ 90%. The SEM observations showed that MD.4 hand rub effect in the form of MRSA cell lysis. The LC50 test, it is known that MD.4 hand rub value is 620 ppm while softaman (control) is 114 ppm. In terms of irritation risk, twenty-three selected subjects were generally well tolerated in use.
Keyword: hand rub, hand sanitizer, ahmad Subhan, percentage kill bacteria, MRSA, WHO