Judul: Thermal-Solarimeter Calibration Various Measurements
Abstrak: Sun radiation is a primary energy source for physical atmospheric processes that determine weather and climate conditions. Those sun radiation energy is in the form of electromagnetic wave which if it reaches earth surface, it can change into thermal/heat energy. Thermal/heat energy was measured by “black body” absorbance media , with LM35 as its sensor, and Printed Circuit Board (PCB) as the material. Metal was painted by black coloured pain so that it can be ale to catch the thermal energy well. This research’s aim is to see the efectivity of “black body” absorbance media area size with various diameter sizes, namely, 10 cm, 9 cm, 8 cm, 7 cm, 6 cm, and 5 cm and the relation between “black body” absorbance media area with accumulated thermal. Solarimeter sensor is used as calibrator with its sensitivity15 μV/watt/m, so that 1 mV/watt/m2 equal to 66,7 watt/m2 . The result of this research indicates that that “black-body” temperature sensor with its diameter size 5 cm has the highest effectivity, compared with other sensors. Black-body sensor area is not directly proportionally/liniearly followed by the accumulated thermal. Bigger area size of “black body” absorbance media, bigger accumulated thermal, but it wouldn’be linear.
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Judul: Characterization of Thermal Water Current Meter Sensor ( Laboratory test in Pipe Flow)
Abstrak: Dpl Thermal type water flow meter is a device to measure water flow rate using thermal sensor. There’s two sensor inside this device which one of the sensor is wrapped by heated wire. Flow rate measurement is using difference value between the temperature of sensor that wrapped by heated wire with the temperature of flowing water. The principal of this device is heat transfer between the sensor and the water, so the flow rate is measurable. If the flow rate increasing then the temperature difference between sensor and water is decreasing, vice versa. Based on simulation, low flow rate make the device getting more sensitive and the sensitivity is decreasing as the flow rate is increasing. On low flow rate, the temperature difference between the heated sensor with water flow is very small, so to get more visible result, this device is using differential amplifier. This way, the slightest temperature difference between the heated sensor and water flow is visible even for higher flow rate. Flow rate measurement done to a calibration system made. Flow rate is determined with measuring rate debit then divided by pipe sectional area and value of flow rate can be obtained. Calibration system is using a 2.3cm diameter pipe and the distance between two sensors is 15cm. The heat that is given to heated wire is 2.8 Watt which can increase the temperature of the sensor by 5Co if the flow rate is 0.05 m/s. The equation that obtained by calculation is x = 5.512 e-93y where x is the water flow rate and y is the temperature difference between heated sensor with the water. There is difference between model simulation with the calculation result in this research. It is caused by assumption that applied during the time of calculation.
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Judul: Prolapsus vagina kronis, kausa dan teknik reposisinya
Abstrak: Prolapsus vagina kronis merupakan penyembulan bagian belakang hewan, khususnya lantai vagina melalui vulva, diikuti dengan perpindahan serviks dan uterus ke belakang. Pada sapi kejadian prolapsus vagina sering pada masa 2-3 bulan akhir kebuntingan, sedangkan pada domba dan hewan sejenisnya terjadi beberapa minggu sebelum melahirkan. Kasus prolapsus vagina kadang-kadang dapat terjadi setelah melahirkan, dan jarang terjadi tanpa ada hubungannya dengan kebuntingan atau kelahiran. Penyebab prolapsus vagina kronis belum dapat dipastikan, beberapa faktor umumnya ambil bagian. Faktor uta- ma adalah tingginya kadar hormon estrogen pada akhir kebuntingan. Faktor mekanis dengan meningkatnya tekanan intra abdominal dan gaya berat dari fetus dalam kandungan. Beberapa faktor predisposisi yang dapat menunjang terjadinya prolapsus vagina adalah: perlukaan saluran kelahiran, kelahiran yang rapat, makanan yang kurang baik, terbatasnya pergerakan, faktor lingkungan dan hereditas. Prolapsus vagina kronis umumnya hampir terjadi pada semua hewan piara, lebih sering pada sapi dan domba. Pada sapi sering terjadi pada sapi potong jenis Hereford ...
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