Judul: Comparison of Willingness To Pay, Market Price, and  Maintenance Cost in the Economic Valuation of the Javan Bull (Bos javanicus d’Alton  1823)
Abstrak: Banteng jawa (Bos javanicus d’Alton 1823) adalah satwaliar yang terancam punah (endangered). Memburu dan memperdagangkan banteng jawa yang dilindungi merupakan tindakan pidana. Dalam proses pengadilan, aparat penegak hukum sering kesulitan menetapkan nilai gugatan dalam kasus perburuan dan perdagangan ilegal satwaliar. Penelitian ini bertujuan menduga nilai ekonomi banteng jawa menggunakan pendekatan willingness to pay, harga pasar, dan biaya pemeliharaan serta membandingkan ketiga metode tersebut. Pendekatan willingness to pay dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan 100 responden, pendekatan harga pasar melalui studi literatur dan online/browsing, sedangkan pendekatan biaya pemeliharaan dilakukan wawancara dengan pengelola lembaga konservasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai ekonomi banteng jawa dengan pendekatan willingness to pay adalah Rp92.390.000/ekor, dengan pendekatan harga pasar Rp74.143.726/ekor, dan dengan pendekatan biaya pemeliharaan Rp55.092.000/ekor. Berdasarkan nilai ekonomi yang diperoleh, kemudahan dan efektivitas dalam pengambilan dan analisis data, metode yang paling baik adalah metode harga pasar, disusul oleh metode biaya pemeliharaan, dan terakhir metode willingness to pay., The Javan bulls (Bos javanicus d’Alton 1823) is an endangered wildlife species. Hunting and trading protected javan bull is a criminal act. In legal proceedings, law enforcement officials often struggle to determine the value of claims in cases of illegal wildlife hunting and trading. This study aims to estimate the economic value of the javan bull using the willingness to pay approach, market price approach, and maintenance cost approach, as well as to compare these three methods. The willingness to pay approach was conducted through interviews with 100 respondents, the market price approach through literature studies and online browsing, while the maintenance cost approach was conducted through interviews with conservation institution managers. The results showed that the economic value of the javan bull using the willingness to pay approach was Rp92,390,000, the market price approach was Rp74,143,726, and the maintenance cost approach was Rp55,092,000. Based on the economic values obtained, ease and effectiveness in data collection and analysis, the best method is the market price method, followed by the maintenance cost method, and lastly the willingness to pay method.
Keyword: banteng jawa, biaya pemeliharaan, harga pasar, valuasi, willingness to pay

Judul: Economic Valuation of Javan Gibbons (Hylobates moloch) in Ragunan Wildlife Park and Javan Gibbon Center
Abstrak: Owa jawa (Hylobates moloch) merupakan primata endemik Indonesia yang dilindungi dan terancam punah akibat perburuan dan perdagangan ilegal. Perhitungan nilai ekonomi owa jawa penting dilakukan sebagai dasar penetapan denda atau nilai tukar bagi pelaku kejahatan owa jawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan antara karakteristik responden dengan nilai willingness to pay (WTP), menduga nilai ekonomi owa jawa berdasarkan pendekatan WTP pengunjung dan biaya pemeliharaan di Taman Margasatwa Ragunan dan Pusat Rehabilitasi Owa Jawa, serta membandingkan kedua metodologi valuasi ekonomi yang digunakan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi literatur, observasi, dan wawancara kepada 145 orang pengunjung dan 2 sampai 4 orang pengelola. Variabel karakteristik responden yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai WTP meliputi pendapatan, pekerjaan, jenis kelamin, dan tingkat pendidikan. Dugaan nilai ekonomi owa jawa berdasarkan WTP motif konservasi dan biaya pemeliharaan berturut-turut, yaitu sebesar Rp311.828,00/ekor dan Rp29.231.170,00/ekor. Biaya pemeliharaan merupakan metode yang efektif, efisien, dan menghasilkan nilai ekonomi yang dapat digunakan sebagai acuan denda perdagangan ilegal owa jawa., The Javan gibbon (Hylobates moloch) is an endemic primate to Indonesia that is protected and threatened with extinction due to hunting and illegal trade. It is important to calculate the economic value of the Javan gibbon as a basis for determining fines or exchange rates for perpetrators of Javan gibbon crimes. This research aims to analyze the relationship between respondent characteristics and willingness to pay (WTP) values, estimate the economic value of Javan gibbons based on the WTP approach of visitors and maintenance cost approach at Ragunan Wildlife Park and the Javan Gibbon Rehabilitation Center, and compare the two economic valuation methodologies used. used. Data collection were carried out through literature study, observation and interviews with 145 visitors and 2 to 4 managers. Respondent characteristic variables that have a significant effect on the WTP value include income, occupation, gender and education level. The estimated economic value of the Javan gibbon based on the conservation motive WTP and maintenance cost respectively approach is IDR 311,828.00/head and IDR 29,231,170.00/head. The maintenance cost is a more appropriate method to use because it is effective, efficient, and produces economic value that can be used as a reference for fines for illegal trade in Javan gibbons.
Keyword: biaya pemeliharaan, kesediaan membayar, owa jawa, perdagangan ilegal, valuasi ekonomi

Judul: Design and fabrication of one-dimensional photonic crystal as real time optical sensor for sugar solution concentration detection:
Abstrak: This study is developed from the results of theoretical study of onedimensional photonic crystals with two defects that have unique characteristics in response of Photonic Band Pass (PPB) on the frequency interval of Photonic Band Gap (PBG). This study focused on prototyping photonic crystal sensor based on refractive index changes in a second defect that serves as a receptor in which to respond transmitansi value changes, so that could be used as a single-frequency index sensing. The reference wavelength that used in this study is 525 nm. This research was conducted with some of the following stages: theoretical model of observation through implementation and simulation, fabrication of photonic crystal, characterization, sensing test, assembly and instrumentation devices, and device performance measurement. Fabrication process of a prototype of this system by means of electron beam evaporation equipment in a sample chamber at pressure of 10-3 Pa with BK-7 glass substrate at temperature 573 K. Each of the photonic cells is composed of a high index layer of OS-5 with refractive index of n  2.10 , and an equal optical thickness low index layer of MgF2 with n 1.38. In the first defect cell, the high index layer has twice the thickness of the other layers with the low index layer left unchanged, while in the second defect cell separated by 6 unit cells, the first layer is void to be filled with the sample solution.
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