Judul: Perbaikan Keretakan pada Beton dengan Pemanfaatan Susu sebagai Katalis dalam Metode Enzyme-Mediated Calcite Precipitation (EMCP).
Abstrak: Pengendapan kalsit secara mikroba merupakan proses perbaikan keretakan pada beton dengan memanfaatkan bakteri ureolitik sebagai katalis. Bakteri tersebut dapat ditemukan dalam susu. Penelitian ini memodifikasi metode Enzyme-Mediated Calcite Precipitation (EMCP) dengan penambahan susu sebagai katalis dalam pembentukan kalsit. Retak pada sampel beton dibuat saat beton telah berumur 28 hari dengan lebar 0.1-0.3 mm. Kemudian, optimasi EMCP dihasilkan dari urease, urea, CaCl2 dan susu diinjeksikan ke dalam sampel beton retak sebanyak 3 kali. Pengaruh perbaikan ini dievaluasi melalui uji permeabilitas dan kuat tekan. Komposisi optimum susu yang digunakan dalam pembentukan kalsit adalah konsentrasi susu 5 gram/Liter dengan suhu awal preparasi 70oC yang menghasilkan 26% lebih banyak massa kalsit dibandingkan dengan larutan EMCP dasar. Setelah dilakukan perbaikan dengan injeksi sebanyak 3 kali, penurunan nilai koefisien permeabilitas dapat mencapai 92.23% dari nilai koefisien permeabilitas beton retak. Sedangkan, untuk nilai kuat tekan mencapai 98.75% dari kuat tekan maksimum yang direncanakan. Sehingga, pemanfaatan susu sebagai katalis dalam perbaikan keretakan beton dengan metode EMCP dapat dilakukan.
Keyword: EMCP, kuat tekan, mikroba, permeabilitas, retak

Judul: Utilization of Soybeans as Bio-Catalyst in Calcite Precipitation Method for Repairing Cracks in Concrete
Abstrak: Beton merupakan material yang memiliki kuat tekan tinggi tetapi memiliki kuat tarik yang lebih rendah sehingga beton seringkali retak. Metode perbaikan mulai beralih dari cara konvensional kepada konsep self-healing concrete yang melibatkan pengendapan CaCO3. Pengendapan CaCO3 dapat dilakukan dengan metode enzymatically-induce carbonate precipitation (EICP) melalui kombinasi urease, urea, dan CaCl2 menjadi larutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan ekstrak kedelai sebagai bahan pengganti enzim urease murni. Variasi kadar konsentrasi tepung kedelai yang digunakan sebagai larutan injeksi yaitu variasi kadar tepung kedelai 15 g/L karena menghasilkan massa kalsit optimum sebesar 2.62 gram. Terjadi peningkatan kuat tekan pada beton retak yang diinjeksi (BI) terhadap beton retak (BR). Selain itu, terjadi penurunan nilai permeabilitas dan porositas seiring dengan jumlah injeksi yang dilakukan. Peningkatan kuat tekan, penurunan permeabilitas, dan penurunan porositas pada beton ini disebabkan karena adanya deposisi CaCO3 pada beton yang mampu menutupi pori-pori serta celah keretakan pada beton, Concrete is a material that has a high compressive strength but has a lower tensile strength so that the concrete often cracks. The repair method began to shift from the conventional method to the concept of self-healing concrete which involves the deposition of CaCO3. Precipitation of CaCO3 can be done by enzymatically-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) method through a combination of urease, urea, and CaCl2 into a solution. This research used soybean extract as a substitute for pure urease enzyme. Variations in the concentration of soybean flour used as injection solution were variations in the content of soybean flour 15 g/L because it produced an optimum calcite mass of 2.62 grams. There was an increase in the compressive strength of injected cracked concrete (BI) against cracked concrete (BR). In addition, there was a decrease in the value of permeability and porosity along with the number of injections carried out. The increase in compressive strength, decrease in permeability, and decrease in porosity in concrete is due to CaCO3 deposition in the concrete which is able to cover the pores and cracks in the concrete
Keyword: Beton, CaCO3, kuat tekan, permeabilitas, porositas, Concrete, compressive strength, permeability, porosity

Judul: Characterization of Asian Tiger Mosquito (Aedes albopictus) as Potential Vector of Arboviruses in Non-Human Primates Breeding Facilities Environment
Abstrak: Wildlife-originated infectious diseases present a significant threat to global health, security, and economic growth, thus combatting their emergence is a public health priority. Non-human primates (NHPs) frequently act as reservoirs for arboviruses causing diseases in humans. Arboviruses of significant concern in NHPs populations among others are Yellow Fever virus (YFV), Dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). The diseases caused by arboviruses usually do not show clinical symptoms but can cause viremia conditions, so the viruses are maintained in nature, include in NHPs’ breeding facilities. The Primate Research Center (PRC) IPB University is a renowned research center that conducts advanced research on Indonesian primate biology. The PRC IPB University activities encompass various aspects, such as compiling biological data banks, characterizing population genetics within the colony and in the wild, and conducting conservation research. PRC IPB University possesses breeding facilities for NHPs located in urban and peri-urban areas close to human settlements. Aedes albopictus is reported as a competent vector of more than 20 arboviruses and a significant vector for important pathogenic arboviruses such as CHIKV, ZIKV, and DENV. The presence of Ae. albopictus in NHPs’ breeding facilities can contribute to the transmission of Aedes-borne viral diseases within and between NHPs, as well as between NHPs and humans, or even among humans themselves. There are not yet any previous report on a comprehensive investigation of Ae. albopictus in Indonesia NHPs’ breeding facilities. The presence of Ae. albopictus in both urban and peri-urban regions, where NHPs' breeding facilities are situated, could potentially serve as a contributing factor in the transmission of Aedes-borne viral diseases between NHPs and humans (and vice versa), as well as among human populations. This research was a comprehensive study regarding Ae. albopictus as a potential arboviruses vector in NHPs’ breeding facilities environments of PRC IPB University. This research consisted of 5 stages as follows (1) biology and life table of the Ae. albopictus populations collected from urban and peri-urban area of NHPs’ breeding facilities under laboratory conditions (2) genetic structure of the Ae. albopictus collected from urban and peri-urban area of NHPs' breeding facilities based on cytochrome oxidase 1 gene (3) Arboviruses circulation and Wolbachia molecular typing of the Ae. albopictus populations collected from urban and peri-urban area of NHPs’ breeding facilities (4) the diversity and composition of gut and larvae microbiota in Ae. albopictus from urban and peri-urban area of NHPs’ breeding facilities (5) characteristic habitat of Ae. albopictus and species distribution model in peri-urban area of NHPs’ breeding facilities. Ae. albopictus biting behavior in urban and peri-urban area NHPs breeding facilities exhibited distinct bimodal activity patterns, with a peak in the morning around 09:00-10:00 and another peak in the evening around 16:00-17:00. Ae. albopictus mosquitoes from urban area demonstrated greater fecundity, longer lifespan, more gonotrophic cycles, and a higher net reproduction rate (R0) than their counterparts from peri-urban area. Cytochrome oxidase 1 sequences with 643 base pairs (bp) length were obtained from Ae. albopictus from both populations. Seven bp of nucleotide variation were found with a nucleotide diversity value was 0.00294. Seven haplotypes were formed
Keyword: Aedes albopictus, arboviruses, infectious disease, medical entomology, non-human primates