Judul: The Impact of Weather Variability on the Livelihood of Smallholder Salt Farmers (Case Study: Rawa Urip Village, Pangenan District, Cirebon Regency)
Abstrak: Kejadian cuaca ekstrim berupa curah hujan tinggi yang melanda Kabupaten Cirebon terutama di Desa Rawa Urip merupakan wujud dari adanya variabilitas cuaca. Kondisi ini mengakibatkan penurunan hasil produksi garam yang berimbas pada penurunan pendapatan usahatani garam, sehingga petani garam diharuskan mampu beradaptasi. Adaptasi yang dilakukan berbeda sesuai kemampuan yang mereka miliki dan berpengaruh terhadap keberlanjutan penghidupan petani garam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) membandingkan pendapatan petani garam akibat variabilitas cuaca di Desa Rawa Urip Kabupaten Cirebon, (2) menganalisis livelihood asset petani garam rakyat di Desa Rawa Urip Kabupaten Cirebon, (3) menganalisis bentuk mekanisme adaptasi petani garam rakyat dalam menghadapi variabilitas cuaca. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis pendapatan dan uji t berpasangan, analisis livelihood assets, dan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan pendapatan petani garam pada saat kondisi normal dan variabilitas cuaca. Pendapatan saat kondisi variabilitas cuaca lebih rendah dibandingkan saat kondisi normal. Modal aset yang mendominasi pada lokasi penelitian ini yaitu modal sosial, sementara modal finansial merupakan modal aset yang paling rendah. Adaptasi yang banyak dilakukan petani garam dalam menghadapi variabilitas cuaca berupa adaptasi sosial dengan mengandalkan pinjaman kepada kerabat, mengandalkan kiriman keluarga, meminjam uang ke anggota kelompok tani, serta mengandalkan pinjaman ke tetangga., Extreme weather events in the form of high rainfall that hit Cirebon Regency, especially in Rawa Urip Village, are a manifestation of weather variability. This condition results in a decrease in salt production which has an impact on the decline in salt farming income, so salt farmers are required to be able to adapt. The adaptations carried out are certainly different according to their abilities and affect the sustainability of the livelihood of salt farmers. This study aims to (1) compare the income of salt farmers due to weather variability in Rawa Urip Village, Cirebon Regency, (2) analyze the livelihood assets of smallholder salt farmers in Rawa Urip Village, Cirebon Regency, (3) analyze the form of adaptation mechanism of smallholder salt farmers in facing weather variability. The methods used in this study are income analysis and paired t-test, livelihood assets analysis, and quantitative descriptive analysis. The results of the study showed that there was a difference in the income of salt farmers during normal conditions and weather variability. Revenue during weather variability conditions is lower than during normal conditions. The asset capital that dominates in this research location is social capital, while financial capital is the lowest asset capital. The adaptation that many salt farmers make in dealing with weather variability is in the form of social adaptation by relying on loans to relatives, relying on family remittances, borrowing money from farmer group members, and relying on loans to neighbors.
Keyword: adaptasi, pendapatan, livelihood assets, uji t berpasangan

Judul: Vulnerability of Salt Farming in Bungko Lor Village Cirebon Regency
Abstrak: Menurut Kementerian Kelautan Perikanan RI, Desa Bungko Lor merupakan lokasi prioritas pengembangan Sentra Ekonomi Garam Rakyat di Kabupaten Cirebon. Terdapat perbedaan metode yang digunakan oleh petani garam rakyat dalam memproduksi garam di Desa Bungko Lor yang sama-sama memiliki kerentanan terhadap variabilitas cuaca. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi petani dalam memilih metode yang digunakan, mengestimasi pendapatan petani garam tradisional dan petani garam geomembran, dan menganalisis kerentanan usahatani garam rakyat di Desa Bungko Lor. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi keputusan petani dalam memilih metode bertani yaitu pernah mengikuti sosialisasi, lama bertani, pernah mendapat bantuan, dan harga garam di tingkat petani. Rata-rata pendapatan petani garam tradisional sebesar Rp 20.242.353/tahun dan petani geomembran sebesar Rp 24.196.874/tahun. Hasil tingkat kerentanan usahatani terhadap variabilitas cuaca memperlihatkan bahwa petani dengan kedua metode secara keseluruhan memiliki nilai kerentanan berskala tingkat menengah., According to the Indonesian Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, Bungko Lor Village is a priority location for developing the People's Salt Economic Center in Cirebon Regency. There are different methods used by smallholder salt farmers in producing salt in Bungko Lor Village, both of which are vulnerable to weather variability. The aim of this research is to identify factors that influence farmers in choosing the methods used, estimate the income of traditional salt farmers and geomembrane salt farmers, and analyze the vulnerability of salt farming in Bungko Lor Village. The methods used in this research is the Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI). The results of the research show that the factors that influence farmers' decisions in choosing farming methods are having participated in socialization, years of farming, having received assistance, and the price of salt at the farmer level. The average income for traditional salt farmers is IDR 20.242.353/year and geomembrane farmers is IDR 24.196.874/year. The results of the level of vulnerability of farming to weather variability show that farmers using both methods overall have medium level vulnerability values.
Keyword: geomembrane, income analysis, logistic regression, odds ratio, vulnerability

Judul: Penggunaan Teorema Homeomorphy 2-Manifold dan Teorema Euler Poincare pada Torus 𝑇�� dan Simplicial Complex 𝐾��
Abstrak: Two dimensional topological spaces are said to be homeomorphic if they have the same topological invariant, where one of topological invariant used is an Euler characteristic. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem and Euler Poincare’s Theorem are used to distinguish two topological spaces. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem uses Euler characteristic to identify two dimensional topological spaces. Euler Poincare’s Theorem is an alternative way to find Euler characteristic with Betti number, which is topological invariant as well. The objective of this paper is to investigate the homeomorphism of torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾�����. Topological space torus and simplicial complex 𝐾����� have the same Euler characteristic, which is two. Based on Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem topological space torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾����� is homeomorphic.
Keyword: simplicial, torus, Euler, homeomorphism, topology