Judul: The Incidence of Plasmodium Infection in  Tarsius spp. and Nycticebus coucang at Primate Research Center IPB  Through Molecular Examination of Stool Samples
Abstrak: Penyakit infeksius memiliki pengaruh yang nyata terhadap penurunan populasi primata. Adanya kejadian infeksi Plasmodium pada primata membuat penelitian mengenai malaria semakin sering dilakukan pada primata endemik seperti Tarsius spp. dan Nycticebus coucang. Di penangkaran Pusat Studi Satwa Primata IPB (PSSP IPB), keberadaan Plasmodium pada Tarsius spp. dan N. coucang belum pernah dilaporkan. Pertimbangan etis yang melarang pengambilan darah dan jaringan dari primata, menjadikan sampel feses sebagai pilihan yang lebih aman untuk digunakan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan mendeteksi keberadaan DNA Plasmodium dari sampel feses Tarsius spp. dan N. coucang di penangkaran PSSP IPB. Sampel feses diambil dari kandang Tarsius spp. (n=8) dan kandang N. coucang (n=6) di penangkaran PSSP IPB. DNA dari sampel feses diamplifikasi dengan nested polymerase chain reaction. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya dugaan kejadian infeksi Plasmodium pada Tarsius spectrum kandang nomor enam, sedangkan pada N. coucang tidak ditemukan infeksi Plasmodium., Infectious disease has a significant effect on decreasing the population of primate. The infection of a primate with Plasmodium iniated resurgence of Non-Human Primate malaria research on endemic primate such as Tarsius spp. and Nycticebus coucang. Ethical considerations that prohibit the collection of blood and tissue from primate, making stool sample as a safer option for use. In captivity Primate Research Center IPB (PSSP IPB), there are no recent studies on Plasmodium infection in Tarsius spp. and N. coucang. Thus, the aim of this study was to detect DNA of Plasmodium from the stool of Tarsius spp. and N. coucang in captivity PSSP IPB. Stool samples were collected from Tarsius spp. cages (n=8) and N. coucang cages (n=6) in capticity PSSP IPB. Extracted DNA from stool samples was used for molecular diagnosis of Plasmodium infection by nested polymerase chain reaction. The result of this study showed that the Tarsius spectrum in cage number six was suspected to be infected with Plasmodium whereas in N. coucang there was no Plasmodium infection.
Keyword: DNA, Nycticebus coucang, Plasmodium, PSSP IPB, Tarsius spectrum

Judul: Identifikasi dan Karakterisasi Plasmodium Pada Beruk (Macaca nemestrina) di Pusat Studi Satwa Primata IPB
Abstrak: Beruk (Macaca nemestrina) merupakan salah satu satwa primata yang saat ini populasinya di alam mengalami penurunan. Penyakit yang dapat menyerang satwa, khususnya pada primata adalah malaria yang disebabkan oleh Plasmodium sp.. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari morfologi Plasmodium sp. pada beruk (Macaca nemestrina) melalui teknik ulas darah. Penelitian ini juga membedakan presentase sel darah putih (leukosit) antara beruk yang terinfeksi dan yang tidak terinfeksi Plasmodium sp. Sampel darah diambil dari total 24 ekor beruk pada satu populasi penangkaran untuk pemeriksaan Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) dan dilanjutkan dengan pemeriksaan hematologi. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan statistik. Analisis deskriptif pada masing-masing sampel menunjukkan darah beruk yang terinfeksi Plasmodium sp. sudah mencapai stadium skizon. Analisis statistik menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan nyata antara beruk yang positif dan negatif Plasmodium sp.., Southern pig-tailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina) is one of the primates whose population in nature is currently decreasing. One of the diseases that can attack animals, especially primates, is malaria caused by Plasmodium sp.. This study aims to determine the morphology of Plasmodium sp. on macaques (Macaca nemestrina) through the blood smear technique. In addition, this study also differentiates the percentage of white blood cells (leukocytes) between infected and uninfected monkeys with Plasmodium sp. Blood samples were taken from 24 macaques in one captive population for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) examination and continued with hematological examination. Data collection was carried out by examining a blood sample in the form of a blood smear. Data were analyzed descriptively and statistically. A Descriptive analysis on each sample showed the blood of monkeys infected with Plasmodium sp. had reached the schizont stage. Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference between positive and negative Plasmodium sp..
Keyword: beruk, malaria, Plasmodium sp., sel darah putih, ulas darah

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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