Judul: Dinamika kelompok tani hutan dalam pengelolaan hutan rakyat: kasus pada kelompok tani hutan di Desa Jugalajaya, Kecamatan Jasinga, Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: Community forest development of is an effort to improve the welfare of society, includes forest farmers community through related businesses. One of efforts in community forest management development is establish a forest institutional. Institutional has two meanings, i.e. a set of regulations and an organization creates and oversees the implementation of these regulations. Forest Farmers Group (KTH) is part of forest institutional designed to accommodate the activities of community forest management activities from production sub-systems, product processing sub-system to product marketing sub-systems. Thus, community forests could be one of the established business units. The purposes of this research are to define the community forest management at the research site, to analyze the level of KTH dynamism and the level of dynamics influence to community forest management. To measure the level of KTH dynamism, used assessment quantification through Likert Scale models then scores categorized into grade-level category of KTH dynamism. While to identify the influence level of KTH dynamism in community forests management used Spearman Correlation Test Level. Forest management activities in Jugalajaya are conducted individually at the level of household leader. The activities were at the level of land preparation, planting, and maintenance only, while harvesting were conducted by middlemen. Cumulatively, the level of KTH dynamism KTH Mandiri Kuningsari II and II still low relatively with average score 42,63% of the expectations maximum score. It‟s due to the absence of written specific goals and action plans, so that group members have not been able for finding the ideal aim of being group. So far the activities conducted by KTH still limited to any assistance or projects from government or related institutions. This illustrates that the group has not been able to be platform of cooperation and education for forest farmers. It also describes that the dynamics of KTH has no significant influence to the community forest management in the sub-production system.
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Judul: Pengelolaan Hutan Rakyat dan Dinamika Kelompok Tani Hutan (Kasus pada Kelompok Tani Hutan di Desa Sidamulih, Kecamatan Pamarican, Kabupaten Ciamis)
Abstrak: At this time the community forest has been proved to give great benefit for owner, society, and environment (Darusman and Hardjanto 2006). One of the factors that determine the successness of community forest management is the establishment of institutional Forest Farmers Group (FFG) (Diniyati 2003). By the process, it is expected to have a significant and positive relationship with the community forest management. This research aimed to describe community forest management and the dynamic of FFG Girimukti, Sidamulih Village, Pamarican Sub District, Ciamis Regency for community forest management. The population of this study was the members of FFG Girimukti. The method for selecting of respondents was purposive sampling. Community forest management activities that were carried out at FFG Girimukti will be described as follows: Sub system of production included, land preparation, seed preparation, planting, plant maintenance, and harvesting. Sub system of yield processing was done by cooperation with some of the sawmills in the Sidamulih Village. Sub system of yield marketing was consisted of timber that being sold by members to the sawmill or to the middlemen and non timber forest products that being sold by members to the middlemen. The dynamic of FFG Girimukti can be viewed by 8 elements of group dynamic, it will be described as follows: The group has had purposes that tobe written and understood by members. Each member has received and understood him/her role/task. The group has done its function of assignment that was, to give satisfaction/convenience for members of community forest management. Members were participated in the determination of the common interest like the planning group activities. In the group cohesiveness, members have had a sense of loyalty to the group leader. They built a fine atmosphere inside the group, it’s proved by the group meetings always take place smoothly. The pressure came from outside of the group, such as from government of Ciamis District by BP3K Pamarican. In the group effectiveness, the level of the members participation in the group activities was high which that was characterized by a majority of respondents participated in routine activities of the group or incidental one. Based on the result of the correlation test, the dynamic of FFG Girimukti has a real and positive relationship with its community forest management.
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Judul: Pemurnian dan karakterisasi protein inhibitor RNA helikase virus hepatitis C
Abstrak: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the second most common chronic viral infection in the world with global prevalence. This infection is contribution to chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, often leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. There is no effective drug and vaccine available against HCV. The current standard treatment, a combination of pegylated interferon-α with ribavirin, is limited by its suboptimal response rate in a significant patient population, side effects, and affordability. Therefore, development of effective drug is needed. One approach to find out the candidate of antiviral drug is to discover the inhibitor of enzyme that essential for virus replication, such as RNA helicase. Streptomyces chartreusis 5-095 produce the inhibitor of HCV RNA helicase. The aim of this study was to purify the protein inhibitor which has inhibition activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV from S. chartreusis 5-095. The supernatant of culture S. chartreusis 5-095 exhibited high inhibiton activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV (approximately 72%) at 10 days of incubation. The extracellular protein inhibitor was partially purified by procedures of precipitation with ammonium sulfate to 65% saturation and gel filtration (Sephadex G50) using methanol water solution (4:6) as an eluen. The purity of protein inhibitor was monitored by SDS PAGE. The protein inhibitor showed a relative molecular mass were estimated to be 14 kDa and increased the purity 23,08 fold than those of the crude protein. The specific activity and IC50 after purification were 13,1338 U/mg and 0,0767 mg/mL, respectively. The activity of purified protein inhibitor showed its stability over pH range from 5-8 and optimum at pH 7,4. The inhibition activity showed its stability up to 70% at temperature 100 oC. The purified protein inhibitor relatively stable its activity at storage in the range of -20 oC to room temperature for 35 days.
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