Judul: Antibacterial Activity of Curcumin Biotransformed Compound by Endophyitic Microbe from Turmeric.
Abstrak: Turmeric is contains curcumin that known has antibacterial activity. On the other hand turmeric has endophytic microbe that live in their tissues. Endophytic microbe potentially as biotransformation agent of active compound of their hosts. The aim of this research was to obtain pure extract of curcumin biotransformed compound by endophytic microbe from turmeric and to know antibacterial activity of that compound. Curcumin biotransformed compound was extracted from endophytic microbe culture with technical ethyl acetate. That extract then separated using column chromatography with solvents n-hexane, nhexane- ethyl acetate (20:1), n-hexane-ethyl acetate (5:1), n-hexane-ethyl acetate (2:1), chloroform-methanol(10:1), and chloroform-methanol (5:1). And then purified using preparative layer chromatography with eluent chloroform-methanol (10:1). All of extracts were tested their antibacterial activity with diffusion method against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella typhi, and Ralstonia solanacearum with 50 mg/mL concentration. Pure extract rendemen was 2.66% with Rf 0.701. Pure curcumin biotransformed compound extract had higher antibacterial activity than crude extract and semipure extract and had doubled antibacterial activity than curcumin. Curcumin biotransformed compound inhibited all of test bacterias and the most sensitive bacteria was Salmonella typhi with 9.0 mm inhibitory zone diameter.
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Judul: Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum dan Toksisitas Senyawa Hasil Biotransformasi Kurkumin oleh Mikrob Endofit Asal Kunyit
Abstrak: Curcumin can be transformed into its derivative compound with the help of endophytic microbes. The biotransformed compound has been known to possess antibacterial activity toward Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus. This research was conducted to determine the Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of the biotransformed compound using agar diffusion method to find out Salmonella typhi's and Staphylococcus aureus's sensitivity against the biotransformed compound. In addition, the toxicity test based on lethal concentration 50 (LC50) with the Brine shrimp lethal test (BSLT) method against Artemia salina was performed as preliminary test in determining the biotransformed compound’s potency in the development of medicines. The MIC value of this compound against Salmonella typhi was 6.25 mg/mL with the clear zone diameter of 2.5 mm and 25 mg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus with the clear zone diameter of 2.5 mm. The LC50 value of the biotransformed compound was 131.272 ppm, higher than curcumin’s LC50, which is 82.153 ppm. This value was obtained by probit analysis using SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solutions) program.
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Judul: Desain dan konstruksi keramba jaring apung di Waduk Jatiluhur dan Danau Lido Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Keramba Jaring Apung (KJA) merupakan suatu tempat pemeliharaan ikan yang terdiri dari rakit, pelampung, pemberat, kantong atau wadah, rumah apung perahu atau rakit. Melihat kebutuhan masyarakat terhadap produk perikanan terus bertambah, usaha pemeliharaan ikan dengan teknik KJA merupakan solusi sempitnya lahan budidaya di darat. Informasi tentang teknik KJA tergolong masing minim, dikarenakan belum adanya standarisasi tentang desain dan konstruksi yang baik, sehingga perlu dilakukannya pendeskripsian. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan desain konstruksi keramba jaring apung di Waduk Jatiluhur dan Danau Lido serta menghitung gaya apung dan gaya berat KJA di Waduk Jatiluhur dan Danau Lido, Jawa Barat. Data yang diambil merupakan data yang dibutuhkan untuk melakukan pendeskripsian dan perbandingan secara teknis. Jaring KJA Danau Lido hanya memakai satu lapis jaring, sedangkan KJA Waduk Jatiluhur memakai dua jaring untuk dua jenis ikan yaitu ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) dan ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio) dalam satu keramba. Selisih nilai daya apung dan daya tenggelam KJA Lido sebesar 1745,57 kgf dan KJA Jatiluhur sebesar 866,25 kgf. Estimasi beban maksimal KJA Waduk Jatiluhur lebih besar 101,5 % dari KJA Danau Lido. KJA Jatiluhur lebih efisien dibandingkan KJA Lido karena penambahan mata jaring pada KJA Jatiluhur lebih sedikit dibandingkan KJA Lido.
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