Judul: Natural Enemies of Spodoptera frugiperda Larvae (Lepidoptera:  Noctuidae) on Corn in Sekoto Village, Badas District, Kediri Regency
Abstrak: Spodoptera frugiperda adalah hama penting pada tanaman jagung yang berasal dari daerah tropis Amerika. Larva ini bersifat polifag sehingga dapat menyebabkan kerusakan hasil pada berbagai jenis tanaman, terutama tanaman jagung yang mengalami kerusakan mencapai 20–80% pada populasi tinggi. Populasi tinggi S. frugiperda di beberapa negara disebabkan tidak adanya musuh alami. Meskipun demikian, keberadaan musuh alami lokal yang memangsa S. frugiperda dapat menekan populasi hama ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui musuh alami dari Spodoptera frugiperda di Desa Sekoto, Kecamatan Badas, Kabupaten Kediri, Jawa Timur. Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan pengamatan di lahan dan pemeliharaan larva. Pemeliharaan larva dilakukan untuk mengamati musuh alami yang muncul dari tubuh larva yang berasal dari lahan. Identifikasi musuh alami dilakukan menggunakan sumber pustaka dan berdasarkan pengamatan morfologi dari musuh alami. Musuh alami yang ditemukan dilahan adalah cendawan entomopatogen, bakteri entomopatogen, dan parasitoid. Berdasarkan hasil pemeliharaan, persentase populasi musuh alami tertinggi secara berurutan adalah cendawan entomopatogen, parasitoid, dan bakteri entomopatogen.
Keyword: 

Judul: Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera:  Noctuidae): Attacks and Their Natural Enemies on Corn in Munte Village, Munte Sub district, Karo District, North S
Abstrak: Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a relatively new pest in Indonesia and an essential pest of the corn. Corn cultivation is dominant in Munte village. This study aimed to estimate the damage caused by S. frugiperda, inventory natural enemies, estimate parasitization level of parasitoids and population of predator and observe entomopathogen fungi in Munte Village, Karo District, North Sumatera. Observations were conducted on an area of ± 2500 m2 . Damage level were observed on five plots, each consist of 20 plants with an interval of one plant. Larvae and eggs were collected and reared in the laboratory, as well as suspected predatory insects. The level of damage from each observation for 8 weeks after planting (WAP) reached > 30% or was classified as heavy. Natural enemies found were parasitoids, predators, and entomopathogenic fungi groups. The parasitoids belong to Hymenoptera and Diptera, the proportion of population were 29.71% Telenomus sp. (Hym.: Scelionidae), 3.40% Trichogramma sp. (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae), 1.65% Microplitis sp. (Hym.: Braconidae), 0.41% Charops sp. (Hym.: Ichneumonidae), 1.23% Anomaloninae (Hym.: Ichneumonidae), 0.41% Megaselia sp. (Dipt.: Phoridae), and 0.41% of Tachinidae (Diptera). The other natural enemies found were predators Doru sp. (Der.: Forficulidae) and Oxyopes sp. (Ara.: Oxyopidae), entomopathogenic fungi was Metarhizium sp. Telenomus sp. wasthe most found in the field and had potentially reduced the eggs of S. frugiperda.
Keyword: damage level, parasitoid, parasitization level, predator

Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
Keyword: