Judul: Kajian Permudaan Tumbuhan Langka Kulim (Scorodocarpus borneensis Becc.) dan Komposisi Vegetasi Pohon Sekitarnya di Taman Nasional Tesso Nilo, Riau
Abstrak: Kulim (Scorodocarpus borneensis Becc.) is one of Indonesia wood species which have high economic value. This species is widely used by people in Bagan Siapi-api the Province of Riau for ship and building materials (Ismail 2000). Kulim is categorized as strong and long lasting wood. Unfortunately, this species of wood is rare to be found in the nature due to habitat disturbance. The aims of this research are to the population condition identify, the young level of kulim, the structure and composition of vegetations surround kulim‟s natural habitat. The vegetation data was collected through plot sampling using combination between strip and quadrate sampling techniques (20 m x 500 m). The total of transec was 5 and it was allocated systematically at every 100 m far from the location kulim found. Trees analysis was undertaken in 20m x 20m of square in every line, at the pole 10m x 10m, at the sapling 5m x 5m and the seedling 2m x 2m. The total of sampling units were 125 plots. The crown stratification was made through drawing 20 m x 100 m line. The data then was analyzed descriptively and quantitatively using vegetation analysis formulas. The formulas were aimed to get Important Value Index (IVI), Evennes Index and Diversity Index. Kulim has density at seedling level of 180 ind / ha, at saplings 35 ind / ha, at the pole 8 ind / ha, while the value at the tree level 2 ind / ha. High amount of Kulim found in diameter classes <10 cm of 20 individuals. It has been found as many as 28 species of tree-level, 24 species on the pole and stake, and 21 in 14 species of seedlings. Middle species diversity index value of 2.95 obtained, whereas equitable distribution of the species seen from the index value close to 1. There are A and B strata header with average height ranges from 20-40 meters. Kulim has strata header with average height ranges from 15-20 meters. Based on this research, Kulim population in TNTN heading to extinction. It‟s caused by the uncontrolled logging in the past. It can be seen by the number of logged-over Kulim‟s stump on this area. It‟s reasonable that Vegetation structure in Kulim habitats dominated by stands of young trees with average stem diameters ranging from 20-30 cm. there is low composition of habitus on research plots that only contain 32 species of tree composition.
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Judul: Kajian Konservasi Kulim (Scorodocarpus borneensi Becc.) di Hutan Adat Desa Aur Kuning, Provinsi Riau
Abstrak: Kulim (Scorodocarpus borneensis) is one of whose existence is threatened in the natural forest. Kulim in Riau has now become one of the rare plant species. Utilization of plant and logging is one of the causes the scarcity of a particular type of population. Limited information about kulim cause conservation of kulim is not a priority. This study aims to estimate the population of kulim contained in natural forest of Aur Kuning village, alternative uses of kulim by the people and conservation efforts that can be done. Vegetation data retrieval is done using analysis of vegetation checkered line method that is then analyzed by descriptive quantitative. Data retrieval regarding the form of utilization and conservation efforts of kulim is done using in-depth interviews to the local community and then analyzed by descriptive. Based on the results of this research kulim allegedly contained in the forest of Aur Kuning village is 1333 ind / ha nursery, 101 ind / ha stakes, 9 ind / ha poles, and 24 ind / ha tree. These results indicate that kulim stands in natural forest is not normal because of the large number of seedling growth into tree is not matched . Based on the observation, there is a disturbance in the growth of kulim form of kulim logging and kulim timber growth that is relatively slow. This can lead to declines kulim population. Kulim utilization by the community that is as raw material for frame houses, bridges, and raw materials in the wooden shipbuilding industry. Kulim fruit used as raw material for traditional medicine. The existence of utilization kulim made by public are not controlled and well managed, this is feared could cause kulim population will decrease. Hence the need for kulim conservation efforts supported with cultibation efforts. Judging from the tri-stimulus AMAR (natural, benefits, willing) it is known that the attitude shown by the people only look at the use of kulim. Kulim slow growth and low interest of the community to make cultivation efforts causes no stimulus that could encourage people to conserve kulim. Therefore,it is needed for government to intervention in the conservation of kulim. Communities can act as a driver of conservation and the government can act as area and seed provider. This is because kulim included rare breed and should receive attention in terms of sustainability. The intervention of the government and other stakeholders are expected to support Kulim conservation efforts. Conservation activities carried out jointly between the government and the public should be able to build people's attitudes so that there will be a conservation action. It is important to support sustainability.
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Judul: Disain Model Alat pasteurisasi susu Otomatis
Abstrak: Pada umumnya, bahan pangan mempunyai sifat mudah rusak. Kerusakan ini tergantung dari jenis bahan pangannya, dapat berlangsung secara lambat misalnya pada biji-bijian, atau dapat berlangsung secara sangat cepat misalnya pada susu. Salah satu cara pengawetan bahan pangan adalah dengan menggunakan energi panas, misalnya cara pasteurisasi. Pasteurisasi merupakan suatu cara atau langkah dalam pengawetan yang biasa dilakukan pada susu. Pengaruh pasteurisasi susu antara sebagai berikut; air susu lebih lama dapat disimpan, раda suhu rendah malahan dapat disimpan beberapa hari; air su- su tidak lagi mengandung kuman-kuman patogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang suatu model alat pasteurisasi susu dengan memanfaatkan teknologi elektronik pada alat kontrol suhunya. Model alat pasteurisasi susu otomatis yang didisain terdiri dari dua bagian, yaitu alat pasteurisasi susu dan alat pengatur suhu. Bagian alat pasteurisasi terdiri dari tanki pasteurisasi, tanki medium pemanas, pompa dan unit pencatu daya. Sedangkan bagian alat pengatur suhu terdiri dari unit pengindera, unit penguat tegangan, unit penanding (comparator), unit penguat arus, unit kontrol (relai) dan unit pencatu daya. Dari hasil pengujian yang dilakukan terhadap keseragaman suhu, model alat pasteurisasi yang dibuat masih menghasilkan perbedaan suhu selama proses pasteurisasi. Waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk mencapai suhu pasteurisasi (63°C) dengan suhu awal 27, 29 dan 31.10 °C adalah berturut-turut 14.833, 14.733 dan 11.833 menit. Alat pengatur suhu yang dibuat dapat mencakup kisaran pengaturan suhu dari 40 sampai 75 °C, dengan selang kepekaan sebesar 0.003 volt. Penelitian lebih lanjut terhadap konstruksi tanki pasteurisasi dan sistim pengadukkannya perlu dilakukan untuk memperoleh tingkat keseragaman suhu yang lebih baik, begitu juga terhadap bahan pembalut sensor, kestabilan alat pengatur suhu, pengembangan rangkaian unit penanding (comparator) dan unit penguat serta kestabilan tegangan pada setiap unit fungsional alat pengatur suhu diperlukan untuk mempertinggi kualitas dan kemampuannya.
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