Judul: Sifat fisik ransum broiler starter bentuk crumble berperekat tepung tapioka, bertonit dan onggok
Abstrak: Quality of ration can be tested by using some methods, for examples chemical test, biology and physical test. Physical properties of ration were important aspect in feed mill industry, because of relating to handling efficiency, processing and depository. The purpose of this study was to know about the influence of using binder tapioca, bentonite, and onggok on the physic characteristics of crumble ration.
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Judul: Uji sifat fisik ransum ayam broiler starter bentuk pelet dengan penambahan perekat onggok
Abstrak: Onggok merupakan hasil sampingan industri tepung tapioka. Melihat kandungan pati dan karbohidrat yang tinggi maka dalam pembuatan pakan bentuk pelet, onggok dapat berguna sebagai perekat partikel bahan. Sifat fisik memegang peranan penting dalam pengembangan teknologi pakan terutama pakan bentuk pelet. Pakan bentuk pelet memerlukan struktur yang kuat, kompak dan tidak mudah pecah. Kandungan pati yang ada pada bahan-bahan ransum akan mengembang dan saling berikatan membentuk gel pada saat pemanasan dalam mesin pelet sehingga gel yang terbentuk akan mengikat komponen bahan ransum maka terbentuklah pelet yang kompak dan tidak mudah hancur. Oleh karena itu penggunaan perekat diperlukan untuk mempertahankan kualitas ransum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan onggok yang berfungsi sebagai perekat terhadap sifat fisik ransum broiler bentuk pelet. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari Al = ransum basal + 0% onggok, A2 = ransum basal + 2% onggok, A3 ransum basal + 4% onggok dan A4 = ransum basal + 6% onggok. Parameter yang diamati adalah kadar air, berat jenis, kerapatan tumpukan, kerapatan pemadatan tumpukan, sudut tumpukan, kadar kehalusan dan ketahanan benturan.
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Judul: Mitochondrial DNA Gene Organization and Phylogenetic Relationship of Naja siamensis
Abstrak: Naja siamensis is one of Asiatic cobra in the Family of Elapidae, known as a cryptic snake. It has many morphological variations that lead to misidentification. Misidentification can cause the wrong concept in developing antivenom types due to high snakebite cases occur in Thailand. Thus, an accurate species identification using a molecular approach is crucially required. Mitochondrial DNA has been used widely in snake molecular studies. These studies were aimed to determine the arrangement of the N. siamensis partial mitochondrial genes using reptile-oriented primers and to reveal the phylogenetic relationship among other species of Asian cobra. DNA extraction was carried out based on the standard DNA salting-out protocol and was conducted by bioinformatics analysis using BLASTn and MEGA 6 software. Gene annotation was performed against N. kaouthia complete genome. A total of 3121 bp of N. siamensis mtDNA genes were sequenced consisting of partial of six regions: 16S rRNA, ND1, tRNA-Ile, CRII region, tRNA-Leu, tRNA-Gln, and COI genes. The mtDNA gene organization of N. siamensis was predicted to has a similar pattern with the common Elapidae mtDNA gene organization. This study showed that there is a monophyletic form in Naja genus and N. kaouthia is the closest species with N. siamensis based on partial 16S rRNA and ND1 gene.
Keyword: 16S rRNA, Elapidae, ND1, phylogenetic relationship