Judul: Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja Usaha Mikro dan Kecil (UMK) Sektor Makanan dan Minuman di Kota Bogor: Pendekatan K-Means Cluster
Abstrak: Bogor municipality has been set as the model of development of food and beverage sector Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) by the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs. The existence of MSEs is extremely important because it can provide cheaper and more affordable goods and services for lower and middle class society. Micro and small entreprises development efforts require information related to the characteristics of the MSEs. The main objective of this study was to analyze the factors affecting the performance of food and beverage sector MSEs in Bogor. In accordance with this objective, it was required an analysis to know the development of food and beverage sector MSEs in Bogor municipality and the factors affecting the development. The method used in this study was descriptive analysis and k-means cluster method. Based on the results of research, the factors leading to developed MSEs in cluster 2 were the right marketing method, availability of capital and the effective use of labor. Factors that inhibit the performance in cluster 1 were: 1) lack of capital, 2) lack of marketing activities, 3) difficulty to obtain raw materials, and 4) lack of labor.
Keyword: k-means cluster., food and beverage sector MSEs, business clusters

Judul: Analisis Kinerja Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) Agroindustri di Kota Bogor
Abstrak: Jumlah usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah (UMKM) di Kota Bogor sebesar 15 458 unit usaha dengan 77.93% termasuk dalam kategori usaha mikro dan 99.99% kapasitasnya masih rendah. Hal tersebut menunjukkan kinerja UMKM di Kota Bogor sebagian besar masih rendah, terutama UMKM agroindustri sehingga perlu dilakukan analisis kinerja pada UMKM agroindustri di Kota Bogor. Analisis kinerja dalam penelitian ini menggunakan indeks kinerja. Indeks kinerja merupakan modifikasi indeks pembangunan yang dikembangkan oleh Badan Perencanaan dan Pembangunan Nasional (Bappenas). Hasil pengukuran indeks kinerja menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata indeks kinerja UMKM pangan dan UMKM nonpangan di Kota Bogor masing-masing sebesar 56.46 dan 65.53. Hasil pemetaan UMKM agroindustri menunjukkan UMKM pangan dan UMKM nonpangan di Kota Bogor terbagi menjadi UMKM berkembang, UMKM maju, dan UMKM mandiri dengan rata-rata UMKM pangan dan nonpangan termasuk dalam kategori UMKM maju. Hasil evaluasi kinerja menunjukkan bahwa indeks kinerja UMKM agroindustri di Kota Bogor dapat meningkat dengan melakukan perbaikan pada dimensi manusia, pasar, dan uang. Perbaikan pada dimensi tersebut dilakukan dengan penambahan jumlah tenaga kerja, perluasan pasar, dan penetapan harga pokok produksi sampai batas tertentu sehingga indeks kinerja UMKM meningkat hingga 17%.
Keyword: analisis kinerja, indeks kinerja, indeks pembangunan, UMKM agroindustri

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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