Judul: Efisiensi Industri Penggilingan Padi, Studi Kasus: Dua Kecamatan di Kabupaten Cianjur, Provinsi Jawa Barat.
Abstrak: Rice is one of the main staple foods in Indonesia. In 2012, Indonesian consumption of rice is high, approximately 139 kilogram per capita per year (Pambudy, 2012). Rice is a political commodity that can be an indicator for national stability. Rice is also an important economic indicator in which, rice price is able to reflect the inflation rate and the minimum income in Indonesia. Rice has an important role for the life of Indonesia’s society. Hence, availability of the rice must be able to be guaranteed. Governmental efforts to keep the availability of rice are done through established policies, ranging from the production, distribution, and consumption of rice. Rice milling industry as an important link in paddy processing into rice is required to contribute provision of national rice in terms of quantity and quality. Performance of rice milling industry needs to be developed and improved (Budiharti, Harsono, & Juliana, 2003). In 2002, the number of the rice milling is 109,000 units. It is dominated by small-scale by 95 percent and the rest is large-scale. The average yield that is produced by small rice milling is still low at only 60 percent, medium rice milling is 64 percent, and large rice milling is 65 percent of each dry milled grain that milled in each rice milling. Generally, small scale rice millings are an investment in the 1960s until 1980s (Sawit, 2011). While in 2008, the number of rice milling is decrease. It is about 108,512 units (Thahir, 2010). Rice milling industry plays an important role in the processing side, is expected to work efficiently and effectively, in order to increasing a national rice production. This is especially with respect to start attainment surplus by 10 million tons of rice in 2014. This is evidenced by milling ratio and quality of rice produced (Nazaruddin, 2012). This study is aimed to describe characteristic and determine relative efficiency of rice milling industry in Gekbrong and Warungkondang, Cianjur Regency, West Java Province. This study used 94 rice millers that selected purposively, which in 44 units are in Gekbrong and 50 units are in Warungkondang by used questionnaire. Data processing was conducted by used output orientated and variable return to scale (VRS) DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) model. Determination of efficiency was reffered to Koopmans definition. Rice miller was efficient if operates on the frontier (efficiency score/ES equal to one) and achieves zero slack of all variables used. In addition, to overcome the difference between to sub-districts, a comparative analysis was conducted by using statistical Minitab Release 13.20. Mostly, owner of rice millers were male, rice miller business as main job, and ownership of rice miller was private. Rice milling industry was dominated by makloon type. This type offered milling service to consumers and had small x capacity. This study concluded that rice milling industry in study site was inefficient. This study was case study of rice milling industry. So, it could not be generalized to general condition of Indonesian including differences of sample size, observations type, location, and so forth. Further research can uses other method or tools
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Judul: Analysis of Rice Farming Income and Technical Efficiency (Case Study of Warungkondang Sub-District, Cianjur Regency and Cibungbulang, Bogor Regency)
Abstrak: Kecamatan Warungkondang dan Cibungbulang memiliki potensi lahan yang luas untuk ditanami padi, namun produksi padi rendah. Peningkatan produksi padi menjadi hal yang sangat penting mengingat pertumbuhan penduduk meningkat setiap tahun sehingga kebutuhan terhadap padi sebagai sumber pangan meningkat. Jumlah produksi yang lebih banyak akan meningkatkan pendapatan petani. Produksi padi yang tinggi belum tentu menunjukkan proses produksi yang efisien. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk: (1) menganalisis pedapatan usahatani padi, (2) mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi produksi padi, dan (3) menganalisis efisiensi teknis usahatani padi di Kecamatan Warungkodang dan Cibungbulang. Pendapatan usahatani padi akan dianalisis menggunakan analisis penndapatan dan R/C Ratio. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi produksi padi akan dianalisis dengan analisis linear berganda. Efisiensi teknis usahatani padi akan dianaisis menggunakan Stochastic Frontier Analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa R/C ratio petani Kecamatan Warungkondang dengan luas lahan sempit dan luas adalah 1,20 dan 1,30 dan petani padi Kecamatan Cibungbulang yang memiliki lahan sempit dan luas memiliki nilai R/C ratio adalah 1,10 dan 1,12. Pada kedua kecamatan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi usahatani adalah jumlah benih dan tenaga kerja. Kecamatan Warungkondang dan Cibungbulang memiliki nilai efisiensi teknis sebesar 0,86 dan 0,65. Faktor inefisiensi Kecamatan Warungkondang adalah pendidikan petani dan pada Kecamatan Cibungbulang adalah pedidikan dan tanggungan keluarga., Warungkondang and Cibungbulang Sub-District have potentially spacious land to be planted by rice, however their rice production are low. Increasing rice production become important considering there’s increasing population every year. Efficient rice farmers will produce more rice than others who don’t efficient. That is why the purposes of this study are: (1) to analyze income of rice farming, (2) to identify the factors that influence the production of rice, (3) to analyze the technical efficiency of rice farming in Warungkondang and Cibungbulang Sub-District. The method for income analysis is R/C ratio. The factors that influence rice production will be analyzied with Ordinary Least Square. Technical efficiency will be analyzed with Stochastic Frontier Analysis. The results of this study showed that rice farmers of Warungkondang Sub-District with narrow land and wide land R/C ratio are 1,20 and 1,30 and rice farmers of Cibungbulang Sub-District with land narrow wide R/C ratio are 1,10 and 1,12. The factors that influence rice production in both SubDistrict are seed and labor. Warungkondang and Cibungbulang Sub-District efficiency values are 0,86 and 0,65. Factors that influence technical inefficiency in Warungkondang Sub-District are farmers’ education and for Cibungbulang SubDistrict are farmers’ education and family members.
Keyword: ordinary least square, productivity factors, inefficiency, R/C ratio, Stochastic Frontier Analysis

Judul: Embriogenesis ikan buta (Astyanax fasciatus)
Abstrak: Ikan buta Astyanax fasciatus adalah spesies ikan unik dari famili Characidae yang menempati perairan dalam gua di Wilayah La Cueva Chica-San Luis Potasi-Mexico. Ikan ini memiliki mata yang tereduksi (Blind Cavefish) dan warna kulit merah muda, pucat serta mengkilap.
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