Judul: Analisis kinerja pasar tradisional di era persaingan global di Kota Bogor
Abstrak: Pasar adalah tempat mendistribusikan kebutuhan harian masyarakat di suatu kota. Pasar terbagi menjadi dua jenis menurut manajemen dan mutu pelayanannya, yaitu Pasar Tradisional dan Pasar Modern. Kota Bogor mengalami pertumbuhan jumlah Pusat Perbelanjaan Modern dan Supermarket/Hipermarket yang cukup pesat yang berimbas kepada pergeseran preferensi dan pangsa pasar dari Pasar Tradisional ke Pasar Modern. Penelitian kualitatif dilakukan dengan mengambil sampel pedagang dari dua jenis Pasar Tradisional. Penyelengaraan pasar tradisional Kota Bogor dilakukan oleh pemerintah maupun kerjasama dengan pihak swasta, sistem tata kelola pedagang yang cenderung stagnan. Secara umum kondisi pedagang di kedua pasar umumnya mengandalkan penjualan harian ke pelanggan non rumah tangga secara grosir, sistem pemasok menggunakan agen dengan pembayaran tunai, modal dari pedagang sendiri dan strategi klaim kualitas dan sikap baik sebagai cara mendapatkan konsumen. Sebanyak 67 persen responden mengalami penurunan omset dan keuntungan harian, yang diikuti oleh penurunan jumlah pembeli harian dan penurunan jam aktif transaksi pasar menjadi indikasi kelesuan pasar tradisional.
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Judul: Strategi Peningkatan Posisi Tawar Pasar Tradisional terhadap Pedagang di Kota Bogor
Abstrak: Traditional market in Bogor Regency is a place to meet transaction between producers and consumers which has the strategic value for the developing people’s economic growth. But, the embeded problem, the traditional market is still low competitiveness if it is compared to the modern market (hyper market, super marker, etc) competitiveness. In that condition, it’s necessary to get the strategies of competitiveness of the traditional market increased in Bogor Regency. The objective of the research is to formulate strategy and program to achieve more competitiveness of the traditional market in Bogor Regency. The specific aims are to identify the condition of traditional market, to analyze the perception of consumers and to formulate the strategies for the increasing competitiveness of the traditional market in Bogor Regency. Research uses the method that has the descriptive quantitative with it for identificating of condition of the traditional market, IPA Analysis for the Analysis perception customer to traditional market and SWOT and QSPM Analysis for formulating strategy and program to increase competitiveness the traditional market in Bogor Regency. Results of the research show the three priority strategics for increasing the competitiveness of the traditional market in Bogor Regency, those are 1) to increase quality of service market, 2) to increase quality of infrastructure market, and 3) to control the PKL trader those belong to the traditional market.
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Judul: Evaluation of Influenza Antibody Titers in Serum and Egg Yolk of Layers Vaccinated with Influenza Vaccines.
Abstrak: Influenza belongs to the Orthomyxoviridae family which causes upper and lower respiratory tract infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate influenza-A specific antibody titers from serum and egg yolk of hens vaccinated with quadrivalent influenza vaccines. Three Hy-line Brown layers were vaccinated with quadrivalent influenza type A and B inactivated vaccines. Vaccination was carried out three times at a dose of 0.25 ml/chicken via the intramuscular route. The first vaccination was carried out at 24 weeks of age, then boosters were performed at 28 and 32 weeks of age. Serum and egg yolk were collected every week for 20 weeks since the first vaccination. Influenza A H3N2 and H1N1 antibody titers were determined using hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test and agar-gel-precipitation (AGP) test. Influenza-A H3N2 and H1N1 specific antibodies were detected in both serum and egg yolk from the first to twenty weeks after the initial vaccination. Highest HI geometric mean titer (GMT) of H1N1 antibody reached 26.67 HIU at nine weeks post first vaccination (p.f.v), while H3N2 antibody reached 26 HIU at six weeks p.f.v. Our result showed that influenza antibodies can be produced in layers using quadrivalent vaccines and layer chickens are able to produce equivalent antibody levels for each influenza subtype.
Keyword: antibody, egg yolk, influenza, layer chickens, serum