Judul: Perkembangan organisasi produksi dan mobilitas okupasi pada masyarakat industri perahu bugis: studi kasus pada empat desa komunitas industri perahu di Sulawesi Selatan
Abstrak: Fokus masalah penelitian adalah, bagaimana bentuk dan mekanisme perkembangan organisasi produksi yang terjadi karena adanya perkembangan pasar dan sejauh mana perkembangan pasar itu telah membangkitkan mobilitas okupasi dalam masyarakat industri perahu Bugis. Tujuan diarahkan untuk memperoleh deskripsi analitis mengenai perubahan struktur okupasi, bentuk dan mekanisme perkembangan organisasi produksi serta bentuk dan proses mobilitas okupasi.; Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan disain gabungan "historical organisational case studies" (studi kasus sejarah organisasi) dan "life history case studies" (studi kasus riwayat hidup). Tahap awal perkembangan industri perahu Bugis dicirikan oleh struktur okupasi pada hirarki kelompok di mana punggawa yang menjalankan multi-peran dan berkeahlian tinggi memimpin sejumlah sawi sawi yang menjalankan peranan tunggal dan berkeahlian rendah. Antara punqgawa dan sambalu terjalin hubungan erat selama dan sesudah pembuatan perahu, dimana hubungan kontraktual meluas ke hubungan sosial sehari-hari. Hubungan kerja punggawa dan sawi bersifat semi permanen dimana hubungan meluas ke hubungan sosial dalam pola patron-klien, punggawa adalah patron dan sawi klien. ...
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Judul: Perubahan Moda Produksi dan Potensi Konflik pada Kalangan Nelayan (Studi Kasus pada Nelayan Bugis Sape, Kabupaten Bima, Nusa Tenggara Barat)
Abstrak: Fisheries modernization has always emphasized the importance of technology transfer has gradually resulted in changes in the modes of production of almost all fishermen community. Changes in modes of production on fishermen community in the form of intermediate production tools, means of production and patterns of production relations of the traditional mode of production to a more modern mode of production on the one hand, has proven to make the work more effective and efficient fisherman and thus a wider range of sea allow fisherman to get a more satisfying catch. The other side changes in modes of production as a result of modernization fisherman fishing has also led to new problems on the fisherman, for example, only fisherman who have big capital are able to access modern means of production while the small fisherman remain in a disadvantageous position and increasingly marginalized because they can not access to modern means of production. This study was about nenelusuri how and to what extent the effect of changing modes of production to changes in the social structure of fisherman and changes in the pattern of relations of production and the potential for conflict in fishermen community. Results of this study revealed that the mode of production changes fisherman resulted in a change in the social structure of fisherman community. The use of modern fishing fleet requires huge capital and skilled labor and specialized skills in production, it makes the group fisherman who have big capital are at the top of the social structure, as well for fishermen who have the skill and expertise will occupy a special position in the social structure of fisherman community. The study also revealed that after the change in the mode of production Sape Bugis fisherman community, fisherman production relations turn into relations of production which tends to be exploitative of the small fisherman. The change modes of production also has led to various potentials conflict in fisherman community. The potential conflicts which arise in the case of fisherman community in sea area Bugis Sape can be described in two domains potential conflict is the First, potential conflicts between the fishing fleet is generally caused due to the use of fishing grounds overlap between modern fishing fleet with a fleet of traditional fishing tools and differences fishing and production methods among local fisherman with outsiders. Second, potential conflicts in the pattern of production relations. Potential conflicts can occur between the owners of capital with the owner or the owner's fishing fleet with fleet of fishing boat workers who tend to exhibit a pattern of exploitative relations of the fishermen and fisherman workers. Reality experienced by small fisherman strengthened the argument of Marx explained that with the development of the capitalist mode of production will very much be a gap between the people who control capital and means of production with the workers. To avoid the negative impacts of fisheries modernization and change the scrolling mode of production in almost all fishing communities, it must be accompanied by the following measures: First, attention to the condition of social stratification
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Judul: Pengukuran Jantung Kelinci New Zealand White (Oryctolagus cuniculus) dengan Radiografi Toraks
Abstrak: This research was conducted to evaluate radiographs heart size of anaesthetized New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) under different combination of ketamine and xylazine. The rabbits were divided into three groups. Group A were anaesthetized using a 35 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg combination of ketamine and xylazine (n=5). Group B were anaesthetized using a 40 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg combination of ketamine and xylazine (n=3) while group C were anaesthetized using 45 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg combination of ketamine and xylazine (n=3). Parameter of observation from left laterolateral view were: 1) the apicobasilar length of the heart (AB), 2) the width of the heart (CD), 3) the distance between the cranial edge of the fifth rib and the caudal edge of the seventh rib perpendicular to the spine (R5-7), and 4) the vertical depth of the toraks (H). Parameter of observation from dorsoventral view were: 1) the length of the heart (L), 2) the width of the heart (W), and 3) the width of the thorax (T). The result from the heart parameters observation that were measured in left laterolateral view and dorsoventral view shows theres no significantly differ among the groups (P > 0.05). The vertebrae heart size (VHS) values obtained from the sum of the length of the long and the short axes on left laterolateral view. The long axes mean values (A) were 4.35±0.26 v and the short axes mean values (B) were 3.59±0.30 v, therefore VHS mean values were 7.94±0.49 v. On the dorsoventral view, the length of the heart mean values (L) were 4.32±0.29 cm, the width of the heart mean values (W) were 3.33±0.26 cm, and the width of the thorax mean values (T) were 5.85±0.30 cm. In normal conditions, the width of the heart should be less than two-thirds the width of the thorax and values obtained of 3.33<3.72 it shows that the heart is in the normal range. The best ratio to calculated the normal heart dimension in the left laterolateral view was compared the long axes with the vertical depth of the thorax, whereas in dorsoventral view, the length of the heart was compared with the width of the heart.
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