Judul: The potential forage in the integrated system of rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Muell Arg.) and cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.)
Abstrak: Hijauan pakan adalah semua bahan makanan ternak yang berasal dari tumbuhan yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pakan ternak dalam bentuk dedaunan dan ranting lunak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur potensi hijauan pakan yang meliputi jenis hijauan, penyebaran hijauan hingga produktivitas hijauan yang berpotensi sebagai pakan ternak pada lahan terintegrasi tanaman dan kakao. Metode pengambilan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik non-probability sampling dengan metode purposive sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif. Peubah yang diamati adalah cahaya, suhu, kelembaban, warna dan pH tanah, kapasitas tampung, identifikasi hijauan dan analisis vegetasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lahan tanpa naungan memiliki produksi bahan kering hijauan sebesar 1.022,32 Kg Ha-1, 480,90 Kg Ha-1 pada lahan naungan karet dan 623,78 Kg Ha-1 pada lahan terintegrasi naungan karet dan kakao. Kapasitas tampung lahan tanpa naungan 1,64 ST Ha-1 Tahun-1, lahan naungan karet 0,77 ST Ha-1 Tahun-1 dan lahan terintegrasi karet dan kakao sebesar 1,00 ST Ha-1 Tahun-1., Forage is feed material derived from plants that can be used as animal feed in the form of leaves and soft twigs. This study aims to measure the potential for forage which includes the type of forage, the spread of forage to the productivity of forage that has the potential as animal feed on integrated land for rubber and cocoa. The data collection method in this study used non-probability sampling technique with the purposive sampling method. The data analysis used is descriptive analysis. The variables observed were light, temperature, humidity, soil color and pH, binding capacity, forage identification and vegetation analysis. The results showed that the land without shade had forage dry matter production of 1,022.32 Kg Ha-1 , 480.90 Kg Ha-1 on rubber shaded land and 623.78 Kg Ha-1 on integrated rubber and cocoa shaded land. Land holding capacity without shade was 1.64 AU Ha-1 year-1 , land for rubber shade was 0.77 AU Ha-1 year-1 and land for integrated with rubber with cocoa was 1.00 AU Ha-1 year-1
Keyword: analisis vegetasi, kakao, karet, komposisi botani, lahan integrasi

Judul: Characteristic and Potential of Forage Based on Vegetation Shade of Coconut and Starfruit Plantation
Abstrak: Hijauan pakan ternak dapat diperoleh dari integrasi lahan di perkebunan. Penelitian ini betujuan menganalisis pengaruh tingkat naungan vegetasi pada lahan perkebunan terhadap produktivitas hijauan pakan serta hubungannya pada faktor mikroklimat lingkungan. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan observasi lapang secara langsung terhadap tumbuhan yang tumbuh di bawah naungan berbeda. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan Rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) pada 3 lahan percobaan dengan 3 ulangan, jika ada perbedaan yang nyata dari hasil analisis akan dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak Duncan. Peubah yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis hijauan, intensitas cahaya, suhu udara, kelembaban, pH tanah, kapasitas tampung dan analisis vegetasi hijauan di bawah naungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat naungan vegetasi utama lahan yang tinggi sangat nyata (P<0,01) mempengaruhi intensitas cahaya yang diterima oleh hijauan. Intensitas cahaya sangat berpengaruh terhadap produktivitas hijauan, semakin tinggi tingkat naungan nyata (P<0,05) menurunkan produktivitas hijauan yang dihasilkan. Perbedaan tingkat naungan lahan juga berpengaruh terhadap keragaman spesies dan potensi hijauan dengan kemerataan jenis dan kekayaan jenis yang tinggi sedangkan kesamaan antar lahan yang rendah. Lahan-lahan dengan tingkat naungan rendah lebih berpotensi sebagai penyedia hijauan dengan produktivitas serta daya kapasitas tampungnya yang tinggi., Forage for livestock can be obtained from land integration in plantations. This study aims to analyze the effect of vegetation shade levels on plantation land on forage productivity and its relationship to environmental microclimate factors. The method used was direct field observation of plants growing under different shades. The experimental design used a completely randomized design (CRD) on 3 experimental fields with 3 replications, if there is a significant difference from the results of the analysis, it will be followed by the Duncan distance test. The variables observed in this study were the type of forage, light intensity, temperature, humidity, soil pH, storage capacity, and analysis of forage vegetation under shade. The results showed that the level of shade of the main vegetation of the land was highly significant (P<0,01) affecting the light intensity received by the forage. The intensity of light is very influential on the productivity of forage, the higher the level of shade significantly (P<0,05) decreased the productivity of the forage produced. Differences in the level of land shade also affect species diversity and forage potential with high evenness of species and species richness while the similarity between lands is low. Lands with low shade levels are more potential as forage providers with high productivity and capacity.
Keyword: analysis of vegetation, forage, vegetation

Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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