Judul: Karakteristik Kekeringan Hidrologi di Beberapa Daerah Aliran Sungai di Pulau Jawa
Abstrak: Hydrological drought is a condition of water below normal and also a propagation of meteorological drought. The objectives of this study are to determine the thresholds level, to analyse drought characteristics, and to analyse frequency of hydrological drought in Ciujung, Brantas, and Bengawan Solo River basins. In this study, the hydrological droughts were identified by threshold level method. The 80-percentile (Q80) from flow duration curve was used to determined the threshold (Q0). The study reveals that the threshold of Ciujung, Brantas, and Bengawan Solo River basins 17.6 m3s-1, 73.1 m3s-1, dan 46 m3s-1, respectively. Minimum duration (dmin) amounting to 10 days was the criterion of hydrological drought events. Maximum durations of each river basin amounting to 134 days, 150 days, and 167 days, respectively, and maximum deficit volumes amounting to 153.789 x 106 m3, 501.824 x 106 m3, 495.853 x 106 m3, respectively. Bengawan Solo has the highest frequency of number of droughts which have duration more above 100 days than another.
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Judul: Hydrological Drought Analysis of Indonesia's Bengawan Solo Watershed and Thailand's Mekong Watershed
Abstrak: Kekeringan adalah bencana alam yang sering terjadi selama musim kemarau karena ketersediaan cadangan air yang rendah. Kekeringan hidrologi dapat diidentifikasi menggunakan metode ambang batas berupa nilai debit Q70 dan Q80 serta durasi minimum sebesar 60 hari. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menentukan karakteristik kekeringan hidrologi dan periode ulang kekeringan di DAS Bengawan Solo dan DAS Mekong. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kekeringan pada DAS Bengawan Solo dimulai pada bulan Juni, Juli, dan Agustus kemudian berlangsung hingga bulan Oktober, sedangkan kekeringan pada DAS Mekong dimulai pada bulan Desember, Januari, dan Februari kemudian berlangsung hingga bulan Mei. Kekeringan rata-rata berlangsung 2-3 bulan. Rata-rata defisit volume menggunakan ambang batas Q70 dan Q80 pada DAS Bengawan Solo yaitu 14,9 mm dan 11,1 mm, sedangkan pada DAS Mekong nilai rata-ratanya sebesar 40 mm dan 35,2 mm. DAS Mekong memiliki volume defisit relatif lebih besar dan durasi kekeringan lebih lama dibandingkan DAS Bengawan Solo. Analisis periode ulang berguna untuk memprediksi keparahan kekeringan di masa depan dan membantu dalam adaptasi kekeringan. Kejadian kekeringan dengan periode ulang 20 tahun pada DAS Bengawan Solo memiliki nilai debit defisit volume sebesar 23,7 mm (Q70) dan 15,3 mm (Q80), sedangkan DAS Mekong memiliki debit defisit volume sebesar 55,1 mm (Q70) dan 35,2 mm (Q80). Dengan demikian, semakin besar defisit volume kekeringan maka periode ulang kekeringan menjadi semakin lama.
Keyword: defisit volume, durasi kekeringan, kekeringan hidrologi, periode ulang

Judul: Case Study of Gallbladder Mucocele and Treatment Used In Small Animals
Abstrak: Gallbladder mucocele (GM) is defined as distention of the gallbladder caused by an inappropriate accumulation or deposition of high concentrations of bile. The purpose of this case study is to study GM conditions in small animals and to report the clinical sign and characteristics of GM through the sonogram interpretation and blood chemistry test evaluation, and studies related to the therapy given and other treatments recommended. A 14-year-old Toy Poodle dog has been diagnosed with severe GM and cholecystitis. No pain signs were shown during the physical examination as asymptomatic is a common characteristic in the early stage of biliary related diseases. In this study Abdominal ultrasonography interpretation and blood chemistry evaluation was conducted in 2021-2022 and analyzed as a secondary data source. Ultrasonography results showed presence of hyperechoic, immobile deposits in gallbladder accompanied by wall thickening and enlarged in size, followed by a significant increase in the enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP). This study has summarized mainly the diagnosis and treatments of GM in small animals and suitable alternatives treatments were recommended to encounter the GM conditions in small animals. The effectiveness of combined therapy shows the positive impact on the patient, the condition of GM has been under control.
Keyword: ultrasound, gallbladder, biliary sludge, abdominal ultrasonography