Judul: Surface temperature, heart rate, and respiration rate of friesian holstein crossbred under different microclimate
Abstrak: Sapi perah Peranakan Friesian Holstein merupakan hewan yang peka terhadap perubahan kondisi mikroklimat. Inovasi teknologi sebagai alat bantu diagnosa yang efisien dan akurat seperti kamera termal inframerah sangat diperlukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan nilai suhu permukaan terhadap kondisi pagi dan siang hari di Kebon Pedes, Bogor. Penelitian dilakukan pada 3 ekor sapi perah betina selama 5 hari dengan melakukan pemetaan citra kamera termal pada permukaan tubuh. Suhu permukaan dan suhu bagian kandang diukur menggunakan Flir One Pro Thermal Cam, suhu rektal diukur menggunakan termometer, frekuensi pernafasan dengan Go Direct® Respiration Belt Vernier, frekuensi denyut jantung dengan stetoskop, dan keadaan mikroklimat diukur menggunakan Xiaomi Mijia Thermo-Hygrometer 2. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan Uji T untuk membandingkan nilai hearth rate dan respiration rate pada pagi dan siang hari. Selain itu, uji two-way dan one-way ANOVA untuk membandingkan nilai suhu permukaan regio pada pagi dan siang serta membandingkan nilai suhu permukaan antar regio. Perbedaan waktu pengambilan data pada pagi dan siang hari menghasilkan berbeda nyata (P<0,05) pada data fisiologis, suhu permukaan, dan mikroklimat. Analisis statistik menunjukkan suhu permukaan mata dan 4 kuartir ambing tidak menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan (P>0,05) dengan suhu rektal. Suhu permukaan ideal untuk memperkirakan suhu inti rektal adalah regio mata., The Friesian Holstein crossbred are highly sensitive to changes in microclimatic conditions. Technological innovations such as infrared thermal cameras are essential as efficient and accurate diagnostic tools. This research aimed to determine the changes in surface temperature values under morning and afternoon conditions in Kebon Pedes, Bogor. The study was conducted on three female dairy cows for five days by mapping thermal camera images on their body surfaces. Surface temperature and temperature inside the barn were measured using the Flir One Pro Thermal Cam, rectal temperature was measured using a thermometer, respiration rate was measured using the Go Direct® Respiration Belt Vernier, heart rate was measured using a stethoscope, and microclimatic conditions were measured using the Xiaomi Mijia Thermo-Hygrometer 2. Data analysis was performed using the T-test to compare heart rate and respiration rate between morning and afternoon. Additionally, two-way and one-way ANOVA were used to compare surface temperature values between morning and afternoon, as well as to compare surface temperature values among different regions. The time difference in data collection between morning and afternoon resulted in significant differences (P<0.05) in physiological data, surface temperature, and microclimate. Statistical analysis showed that the surface temperature of the eyes and the four quarters of the udder did not exhibit significant differences (P>0.05) compared to rectal temperature. The ideal surface temperature for estimating the rectal core temperature was found in the eye region.
Keyword: dairy, microclimate, surface temperature, thermal camera

Judul: Digital-Based Data Acquisition To Measure Horse's Physiological Response To Microclimate Change
Abstrak: Metode non-invansif merupakan cara mengetahui kondisi umum tubuh tanpa melakukan kontak fisik. Alat yang dapat digunakan adalah kamera termal inframerah untuk suhu permukaan dan sabuk sensor pernapasan untuk mengukur laju pernapasan. Kondisi mikroklimat adalah suatu pengukuran untuk mengetahui kondisi lingkungan disekitarnya, seperti suhu lingkungan dan kelembaban lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur laju pernapasan, frekuensi denyut jantung, dan suhu permukaan tubuh kuda pada pagi dan siang hari sebagai representasi perubahan mikroklimat dengan sistem akuisisi digital selama 5 hari. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada pagi jam 06.00–07.30 WIB dan siang jam 12.00–13.30 WIB. Hasil perhitungan temperature humidity index (THI) menunjukkan pada pagi hari kuda dalam keadaan cekaman panas ringan dan pada siang hari mengalami cekaman panas sedang. Laju pernapasan dan frekuensi denyut jantung pada pagi dan siang hari memiliki nilai yang berbeda secara nyata yang di akibatkan karena perbedaan kondisi mikroklimat pagi dan siang hari. Laju pernapasan kuda pada pagi hari 9–13 kali/menit dan siang hari 14–19 kali/menit. Frekuensi denyut jantung kuda pada pagi hari 34–44 kali/menit dan siang hari 37–46 kali/menit. Suhu permukaan tertinggi ada di regio kepala dengan nilai 33,84–34,15 °C dan suhu permukaan terendah pada regio kaki depan dengan nilai 29,30–31,76 °C., A non-invasive method is a way to know the general condition of the body without the need of physical contact. The tools used are an infrared thermal camera to record surface temperature and a respiratory sensor belt for respiratory rate. Microclimate conditions are a measurement to determine the surrounding environmental conditions, such as ambient temperature and environmental humidity. This study aims to measure the horse’s respiratory rate, heart rate, and body surface temperature in the morning and afternoon as a representation of microclimate changes with a digital acquisition system for 5 days. Data collection was carried out in the morning at 06.00–07.30 WIB and afternoon at 12.00–13.30 WIB. The temperature–humidity index (THI) calculation results show that in the morning the horses are in a state of mild heat stress and in the afternoon they experience moderate heat stress. Respiratory rate and heart rate frequency in the morning and afternoon have significant variation of values due to differences in microclimatic conditions in the morning and afternoon. The horse's respiratory rate in the morning is 9–13 times/minute and during the day is 14–19 times/minute. The horse's heart rate is 34–44 times/minute in the morning and 37–46 times/minute during the day. The highest surface temperature is at the head region with a value of 33,84–34,15°C and the lowest surface temperature is at the forelimb region with a value of 29,30–31,76°C.
Keyword: Heart Rate, Infrared Thermal Camera, Microclimate, Respiratory

Judul: Pelabelan Super Vertex Magic
Abstrak: Super vertex magic labeling is labeling on graph with is a set of edges mapped into and is a set of vertices mapped into . It has a vertex magic labeling in which and represents the size and order of the graph respectively. This manuscript proves that paths, cyclics, and disjoint union of cyclics have a super vertex magic labeling. There are four theorems to be discussed. The first theorem proves that path is super vertex magic if and only if is odd and . The second theorem proves that cyclic is super vertex magic if and only if is odd. The third theorem proves that bijection function from an edge set onto of graph can be extended to a super vertex magic labeling if and only if the set amount of edge label that incidents with a vertex in the graph, consists of sequential integers as many as vertices in the graph. The fourth theorem proves that disjoint union of the cyclics consists of cyclics with each cyclic has vertices is super vertex magic if and only if and are odd.
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