Judul: Pengaruh biomassa tanaman legum dan pemupukan P terhadap pertumbuhan serta produksi tanaman sorghum pada latosol Darmaga
Abstrak: Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan kadar P tcrsedia guna meningkatkan produksi tanaman adalah dengan penambahan bahan organik, yaitu dengan pemanfaatan tanaman 1egume cover crop ((LCC). Bahan organik berfungsi sebagai sumber energi bagi mikroorganisme dan merangsang kegiatan biokimia dalam tanah, sehingga dapat meningkatkan ketersediaan P bagi mikroorganisme dan tanaman.
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Judul: Pengaruh pemupukan dan pengapuran terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman sorghum (Sorghum vulgare Pres) sebagai pakan ternak
Abstrak: Makanan ternak merupakan salah satu faktor produksi dalam usaha peternakan yang harus tersedia setiap waktu untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ternak agar menghasilkan produksi yang optimal. Salah satu tanaman yang sering digunakan sebagai pakan ternak adalah jagung. 2 Kebutuhan jagung terus meningkat setiap tahunnya sehingga menyebabkan kebutuhan lahan meningkat. Di lain pihak, luas lahan marjinal di Indonesia semakin bertambah yang menyebabkan sulitnya memenuhi kebutuhan lahan untuk tanaman jagung sehingga perlu dibudidayakan tanaman pakan alternatif yang memiliki toleransi terhadap kesuburan tanah. Tanaman pakan alternatif yang memiliki toleransi yang luas terhadap kesuburan tanah dan dapat dijadikan sebagai pengganti jagung adalah sorghum. Sorghum merupakan tanaman yang berpotensi tinggi baik sebagai pangan maupun sebagai pakan ternak. Untuk meningkatkan produksi dan kualitas sorghum dapat dilakukan dengan memperbaiki sifat fisik, kimia, dan biologi tanah dengan cara pemupukan dan pengapuran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan pengaruh pemberian pupuk standar, pupuk Phonska, pupuk organik, kombinasi pupuk organik dan 1/2 dosis pupuk Phonska dan pengapuran terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman sorghum.
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Judul: Phylogeography and Species Limits in the Papuan White Snake (Micropechis ikaheka) (Reptilia: Serpentes: Elapidae)
Abstrak: Papua white snake, Micropechis ikaheka, has been distingushed into two subspecies M.i. ikaheka and M.i. fasciatus. However, due to lack of data on their morphology, distribution and ecology, both subspecies often ignored in scintific discussions and refers only byas , Micropechis ikaheka. This study was designed to document the differences between M.i. ikaheka and M.i fasciatus by using scales characteristics and reproductive organ or hemipenes. The study also examine, zoogeography, habitat, diet and cannibalism of both subspecies to better understanding the the ecology of one of the most venomous snakes in the world. This study consists of three topics with method and also different in the size samples, respectively. The first study is the histology and microtopography of the skin were studied using paraffin method and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The second is the hemipenis were examined by following Myers and Cadle (2003), and Zaher and Prudente (2003). The third is the abdominal surgery was carried out to document diet type and the investigate phenomenon of cannibalism in the snake. Specimens for this study came from the collection from Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB) and Universitas Negeri Papua’s Laboratory (LZU). The research result also indicated that the markers of skin and hemipenis described the same structure and microornamentation in all M. ikaheka groups being compared. Based specimens examined morphological descriptions do not s support the further differentiation in Micropechis. In short, two markers that used in this study could not sufficiently indicate the differences in the level of species and subspecies of M. ikaheka. The study, however, were able to delineate zoogeography and skin color patterns, which fall into four groups: M. i. ikaheka; M. i. fasciatus. M. i. ssp. “intermediate”; and M. i. ssp “black”. This study also revealed that color variations did not overlap in their geographic distribution. It is therefore, it suggested that environmental factors may contribute to the skin color variations. It also assumed that habitat discontinuous and biogeography factors may also cause the loss of the connection between the original populations (vicarians) or follow colonization events (dispersal). The examined of 22 stomach contents of M. ikaheka shows this species is carnivorous, and prey on vertebrates such as amphibians, fish, reptiles, and Mammals. These snakes are opportunistic predators since they prey on all that can be captured, but mainly reptiles (61.5%), followed by mammals and fish (both 15.4%), and amphibians (7.7%). Although categorized as terrestrial animal, the diet study showed that M. ikaheka snakes often go into the water to hunt for fish (the sample from Yapen island), including eel (the sample from Aru island). Based on prey items indentified, there is evidence that M. ikaheka is cannibal. At this time, there still no record on reason for cannibalism, but it is assumed that cannibalism was due to competition between populations and means to control population.
Keyword: geographic variation, white snake, papua