Judul: Effect of Addition of Molasses and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on SCMFC Performance with Banana Peels as a Substrate
Abstrak: Peningkatan penggunaan listrik di Indonesia tidak sejalan dengan ketersediaan sumber listrik yang terus mengalami penurunan. Permasalahan tersebut dapat diatasi dengan menggunakan limbah organik seperti kulit pisang sebagai substrat dalam sistem MFC. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan molase sebagai substrat tambahan dan Saccharomyces cerevisiae sebagai mikroorganisme tambahan. Pengujian parameter listrik yang dihasilkan dilakukan dengan menggunakan tiga variasi perlakuan, antaranya perlakuan 3:10 (tanpa molase dan tanpa Saccharomyces cerevisiae), 3:1:10 (tanpa Saccharomyces cerevisiae), dan 3:1:10 ( dengan Saccharomyces cerevisiae 0,5% (b/v)). Berdasarkan variasi perlakuan tersebut, perlakuan 3:1:10 (0,5%) memberikan power density tertinggi sebesar 1,4 mW/m2 dengan tegangan dan rapat arus berturut-turut sebesar 22,67 mV dan 59,167 mA/m2 pada jam ke-21. Perlakuan tersebut juga mampu memberikan perubahan kadar brix terbesar yaitu sebesar 41% dari 83% menjadi 42% dengan nilai pH sebesar 3,76., The use of electricity in Indonesia has increased but the source of electricity in Indonesia has decreased. This problem can be solved by using organic waste such as banana peel as a substrate in the MFC system. This study aims to find out the effect of adding molasses as an additional substrate and Saccharomyces cerevisiae as additional microorganisms. This study was conducted using three variations of treatment, including 3:10 (without molasses and without Saccharomyces cerevisiae), 3:1:10 (without Saccharomyces cerevisiae), and 3:1:10 (with Saccharomyces cerevisiae 0,5% (b/v)). The result shows that voltage, current density and power density mostly produced at the treatment 3:1:10 (0,5%) with power density of 1,4 mW/m2, voltages of 22,67 mV and current density of 59,167 mA/m2 at the 21st hour. This treatment is also showed the largest brix change of 41% from 83% to 42% with a pH value of 3,76.
Keyword: Banana peels, fermentation, molasses, MFC, Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Judul: Evaluasi Pemupukan, Co-culture Mikrob, dan Salinitas terhadap Produksi Listrik Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) pada Pertanaman Padi
Abstrak: Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) adalah teknologi yang menggunakan mikrob eksoelektrogenik dan dapat diterapkan sebagai alternatif untuk menyediakan tenaga listrik tambahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat pengaruh pemupukan, co-culture mikrob Staphylococcus saprophyticus ICBB 9554 dan Citrobacter sp. ICBB 9763, dan salinitas terhadap output listrik yang dihasilkan oleh sistem MFC pada pertanaman padi di dalam pot. Jenis MFC yang digunakan adalah MFC single chamber dengan elektroda karbon aktif. Tahapan penelitian terdiri dari uji sinergisme, pembuatan MFC, uji parameter tanah, persiapan tanam, penanaman, dan panen. Parameter yang diuji pada penelitian ini adalah output listrik dari MFC, pertumbuhan tanaman, dan parameter tanah yang terdiri dari sifat kimia dan biologi tanah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penambahan pupuk NPK 50%, co-culture mikrob, dan 100 mL NaCl disebar di ruang anoda memiliki nilai tegangan listrik tertinggi (646,33 mV) dan penambahan pupuk NPK 50%, tanpa co-culture mikrob, dan 1 L NaCl disebar di seluruh tanah memiliki nilai arus dan daya listrik tertinggi (0,404 mA dan 0,251 mW/MFC). Adanya perlakuan MFC tidak menganggu pertanaman padi. Nilai yang dihasilkan dari parameter listrik, tanaman, sifat biologi dan kimia tanah dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan bahan organik tanah pada masing-masing perlakuan., Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) is a technology that uses exoelectrogenic microbes and can be applied as an alternative to supply supplement electricity. This study aims to examine the effect of fertilization, co-culture microbes of Staphylococcus saprophyticus ICBB 9554 and Citrobacter sp. ICBB 9763, and salinity on the electrical output generated by the MFC system in rice planting in pots. The type of MFC used is a single chamber MFC with activated carbon electrodes. The research stages consist of synergism test, MFC making, soil parameter test, planting preparation, planting and harvesting. The parameters tested in this study were the electrical output of the MFC, plant growth, and soil parameters consisting of soil chemical and biological properties. The results of this study showed that the addition of 50% NPK fertilizer, the addition of co-culture microbes, and 100 mL of NaCl was spread in the anode had the highest electrical voltage value (646,33 mV) and the addition of 50% NPK fertilizer, without co-culture microbes, and 1 L NaCl was spread throughout the soil had the highest rated current and electric power (0,404 mA and 0,251 mW/MFC). The presence of MFC treatment did not interfere with rice cultivation. Values generated from the parameters of electricity, plant, biological and chemical properties of the soil are influenced by the availability of soil organic matter in each treatment.
Keyword: bahan organik, elektroda karbon aktif, output listrik

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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