Judul: Taxonomy Status and Phylogny of Genus Diogenes Dana, 1851 (Decapoda: Anomora: Diogenidae) Based on Morphogenetic Analysis
Abstrak: Marga Diogenes merupakan salah satu marga kelomang yang paling beragam dalam Suku Diogenidae dan banyak ditemukan di Indonesia. Hidup didaerah pasang surut dengan substrat berpasir, berbatu atau berlumpur, di ekosistem mangrove maupun padang lamun, marga Diogenes saat ini memiliki 80 jenis yang tersebar di Indo Pasifik dan Atlantik Timur namun tidak ditemukan di pantai Pasifik dan pantai Atlantik dari benua Amerika. Sejauh ini tercatat 31 spesies dari marga ini, menghuni daerah intertidal dengan substrat pasir, kerikil, lumpur di ekosistem mangrove dan padang lamun, di perairan Indonesia. Secara morfologi karakter utama Marga Diogenes adalah adanya intercalary rostral process yang terletak diantara ocular acicle, crista dentata dari maxilliped ketiga hanya mempunyai beberapa gigi, endopod dari maxillule tidak mempunyai tonjolan lateral atau tonjolan lateral tumbuh sempurna dan melengkung. Variasi morfologi dari adanya ciri-ciri tersebut menjadikan adanya pengelompokan jenis pada Marga Diogenes. Terdapat 4 kelompok yaitu: edwardsii group, troglopagurus group, pallescens group dan custos group (Forest, 1952; Rahayu & Forest, 1995; McLaughlin, 2005; Asakura & Godwin, 2006). Belum adanya informasi yang menjelaskan secara molekuler maka sulit untuk menafsirkan status taksonomi dan hubungan kekerabatan marga Diogenes tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji taksonomi dan hubungan kekerabatan kelomang dari marga Diogenes di Perairan Indonesia berdasarkan karakter morfologi dan molekuler. Pemeriksaan spesimen pada penelitian ini menghasilkan 15 spesies identifikasi dari kelompok “edwardsi group”. Tiga jenis dari 15 spesies tersebut di antaranya sulit diidentifikasi secara pasti, karena kesamaan karakter dengan spesies lain. Ketiga spesies ini yaitu Diogenes cf. avarus, Diogenes cf. foresti, dan Diogenes cf. edwardsii. Analisis molekuler menggunakan COI dan 16S rRNA mtDNA digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi dan memahami filogeni hubungan antar spesies dalam penelitian ini. Penerapan analisis molekuler, dikombinasikan dengan analisis morfologi tradisional telah mampu mengkonfirmasi status taksonomi spesies dalam marga Diogenes. Pengelompokan berdasarkan analisis molekuler mendukung dengan pengelompokan berdasarkan karakter morfologi. Hasil ini memperkuat analisis perbedaan morfologi yang diamati. Hasil konstruksi pohon filogeni berdasarkan gabungan data COI dan 16S rRNA mtDNA membentuk 5 kelompok/clade monofiletik. Ketiga spesies yang teridentifikasi dengan cf. (confinis) berbeda dengan Diogenes avarus, Diogenes foresti, dan Diogenes edwardsii yang sebenarnya dan dianggap baru dalam ilmu pengetahuan. Kata kunci: kompleksitas jenis, morfologi, molekuler, validasi
Keyword: morphology, molecular, species complex, validation

Judul: Daemonorops fissa Complex in West Malesia
Abstrak: Daemonorops fissa complex is highly varied in West Malesia, but information about this complex is limited. The objective of the research was to reveal species diversity of Daemonorops fissa complex in West Malesia based on morphological and anatomical characters. Evaluation of morphological characters was conducted in Herbarium Bogoriense (BO) Cibinong Science Centre LIPI, Bogor (West Java). A total of 355 herbarium specimens were observed in this study representing all species of Daemonorops fissa complex. This study explored Daemonorops fissa complex, including the following: 1) species diversity, (2) distribution, (3) morphological variation, (4) anatomical variation and (5) phenetic relationships. Data obtained then was analized descriptively and phenetically. Species of Daemonorops fissa complex in West Malesia share some unique characters such as erect peduncle (to ± 2 cm), alternate leaves, length of involucrum 1 cm, globose fruits, and ruminate endosperm. This complex species consists of eight species namely, D. angustifolia, D. calicarpa, D. fissa, D. grandis, D. lewisiana, D. melanochaetes, D. monticola, D. stenophylla. Daemonorops binnendijkii, D.palembanica and D. trichroa proposed as new synonymies. Daemonorops binnendijkii and D. trichroa are new synonyms to D. angustifolia, and D. palembanica is a new synonym to D. melanochaetes. All species found in lowland rain forest, especially along stream and other wet places or more open areas, swampy area, ridgetop hill Dipterocarp forest, bamboo forest, and river side on altitude from 250 m – 1900 m asl. Morphological variation of Daemonorops fissa complex in West Malesia could be differentiated into 20 morphological characters. Cluster analysis separated all species into two main groups with coefficient similarity of 36%. Group I consisted of D. angustifolia, D. fissa, D. grandis, D. melanochaetes, D. monticola and D. stenophylla, while group II consisted of D. calicarpa and D. lewisiana. They were separated from five characters, total height, number of leaflets, width of leaflets, type of inflorescence and type of spine in leafsheath. Leaf anatomical characters of paradermal section could not be used to separate among species within D. fissa complex, but leaf anatomical characters of transverse section could be used to identify among species. All examined species of D. fissa complex have three similar characters, tetracytyc stomata, cryptopor type with sunken position and cell wall of sinous, but they have different pattern of bulliform cell and palisade tissues. Both characters are considered as two valuable new characters for supporting morphological data for species delimitation.
Keyword: anatomy, Daemonorops fissa complex, morphology, West Malesia

Judul: Pembuatan Film Tipis Cu2ZnSnS4 sebagai Lapisan Penyerap Cahaya pada Sel Surya Menggunakan Metode Elektrodeposisi
Abstrak: Thin film of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is an alternative semiconductor used as light absorber layer on solar cell. CZTS can replace silicon that commonly used as commercial semiconductor. The advantage of using CZTS as absorber layer is due to the abundance of its chemical composer on earth, and its high value of absorption coefficient. The absorber layer was made by using electrodeposition method on ITO glass substrates. The films were deposited at room temperature using potentiostatic mode with a potential of –1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes. After that, the films were annealed at two different temperatures, 180 ºC and 500 °C, for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. Based on X-ray diffraction analysis, the polycrystalline thin film obtained fall into kesterite crystal phase. This type of crystal was obtained when the CZTS was annealed at 500 °C in H2S/N2 atmosphere. The value of optical band gap energy for the CZTS thin film was 2.2 eV with the film thickness about 1.228–6.366 μm. The sample of CZTS with electrodeposition time of 45 minutes and annealing temperature of 500 °C showed the best result and in conformity with absorber layers criteria for solar cells.
Keyword: semiconductor, ITO glass, CZTS thin film, electrodeposition