Judul: Peranan Laboratorium Pengamatan Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman (LPHPT) dan Keadaan Serangan Organisme Pengganggu Tanaman Padi dan Pisang di Kabupaten Ogan Komering, Ulu, Sumatera Selatan
Abstrak: Praktek Kerja Pengendalian Hama Terpadu {Praktek Kerja PHT) ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui permasalahan OPT dan pengelolaannya di Kabupaten 0gan Komering Ulu dan meneingkatkan kemampuan profesionalisme mahasiswa dalam memahami dan menghayati pekerjaan yang terkait dengan bidang keahlian HPT
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Judul: Kajian pengamatan hama dan penyakit di laboratorium pengamatan hama dan penyakit tanaman pangan wilayah Surakarta, Jawa Tengah
Abstrak: Praktik Kerja Pengendalian Hama Terpadu (PHT) ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengamatan hama dan penyakit di LPHPTP wilayah Surakarta dan mengetahui permasalahan hama dan penyakit pada tanaman pangan dan hortikultura, khususnya di wilayah Surakarta. Praktik Kerja ini dilaksanakan di LPHPTP wilayah Surakarta yang berlangsung selama 4 bulan, terhitung dari 23 Februari sampai 23 Juni 1998. Kegiatan yang dilakukan berupa studi mengenai organiasasi dan kegiatan LPHPTP, kunjungan lapangan, dan mengikuti secara aktif tugas pokok Pengamat Hama dan Penyakit (PHP), misalnya pengamatan petak tetap, pengamatan keliling, lampu perangkap, penakar curah hujan, serta pengawasan dan peredaran pestisida. Kegiatan tersebut dilakukan dengan studi pustaka, wawancara, diskusi, dan praktik langsung. Tugas pokok PHP: 1) melakukan pengamatan yang berhubungan dengan keadaan organisme pengganggu, baik melalui pengamatan berkala, keliling dan khusus, keadaan curah hujan, pestisida yang beredar di petani, kasus keracunan pestisida, dan bencana alam, 2) membuat laporan peringatan bahaya, laporan setengah bulan, dan laporan musim, 3) memberikan informasi dan rekomendasi pengendalian organisme pengganggu tanaman. Tugas pokok LPHPTP: 1) menganalisis data hasil pengamatan yang dilaksanakan oleh PHP serta melaksanakan pemantauan OPT, 2) melaksanakan studi atau percobaan lapangan pengendalian organisme pengganggu, 3) melaksanakan studi dan analisis ambang ekonomi OPT secara lokal, dan 4) mengawasi dan mengkoordinasi kegiatan-kegiatan dalam wilayah pengamatan terutama pelaksanaan kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh para PHP. ...
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Judul: The Effects of Variance of Interest rate to Variance of Annuity Future Values
Abstrak: Time value of money is a concept that refers to the difference of the value of money due to time difference. The value of money for present time would not be the same as the value of money in the future. The value of money for present time is called as Present Value (PV) of the money and the value of money for future time is called Future Value (FV) of the money. Determination the value of money, for present and future time, depends on the time and rate of return. The value of money is determined by several factors such as inflation, fluctuation of interest rates, and government policy in securities and taxation. Due to fluctuation of the value of money we need a FV formulation, it is useful for knowing whether an investment can be profitable or not, and this information is useful also in budget analysis. Annuity is defined as a series of payments made for a specific period. The payment, fixed or varied, can be made at the beginning or at the end of the period. Annuity paid at the beginning of the period is called annuity-due and annuity paid at the end of the period is called immediate annuity-certain. The accumulated value of the annuity after few years later is called as a final value or a future value. Burnecki et al. (2003) have discussed about the FV of a fixed-rate annuity in which payments are made according to the arithmetic or geometric series. They have also examined FV for annuities in which payments are made according to arithmetic or geometric series with random rates of interest. This paper examines FV for annuity-due in which payments are made according to arithmetic or geometric series with interest rates as a random variable, which is normal distribution ,  . Future value formula is expressed in recursive form. FV for annuity-due which payments are made according to the arithmetic or geometric series with random rates of interest is calculated by theoretical way and simulation way. The random rates of interest is denoted as k k i  i  , where k i an independent random variable; i is a constant and k  is a random variable which has normal distribution ,  . By using the determined parameters, a sequence of random rates of interest are generated for theoretical calculation. Meanwhile for the simulation, the random rates of interest is generated 1000 times for the simulation. The generated data give mean value, variance, and standard deviation. Moreover, error of mean value, variance, and standard deviation from the theoretical and simulation results are calculated. Error calculation uses Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error (SMAPE). The smaller the value of SMAPE is the more accurate the simulation. The interest rate variances are varied from 0.000036 to 0.0001 to study the relationship between variance of rates of interest and variance of future value. The theoretical and simulation results show that when the variance of random rates of interest increases, then the variance of FV increases linearly. FV of the annuity-due in
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