Judul: Pemanfaatan Data Citra Satelit untuk Memetakan Tingkat Kerentanan Pantai di Kabupaten Lumajang
Abstrak: Wilayah pantai merupakan salah satu kawasan yang relatif dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas manusia, sehingga membuat pantai rentan terhadap perubahan lingkungan. Pengaruh fisik yang mempengaruhi kerentanan pantai adalah kenaikan muka air laut, pasang surut, dan gelombang yang dapat merusak infrastruktur serta menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui dan memetakan kerentanan pantai di Kabupaten Lumajang, Jawa Timur menggunakan algoritma Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI). Metode yang digunakan memanfaatkan data citra satelit dan pengamatan lapang yang dilakukan secara langsung. Parameter yang digunakan yaitu elevasi, kenaikan paras laut, gelombang, perubahan garis pantai, pasang surut, dan geomorfologi. Hasil yang didapat yaitu kategori kerentanan pantai dibagi ke dalam lima kelas yaitu, sangat rendah, rendah, sedang, tinggi, dan sangat tinggi. Parameter yang memberikan dampak besar terhadap kerentanan pantai di Kabupaten Lumajang adalah kenaikan muka laut yang dapat membahayakan daerah pantai serta merusak pemukiman atau infrastruktur di sekitar pantai., The coastal area is one area that is relatively influenced by human activities, this making the coast vulnerable to environmental changes. The physical influences that influence coastal vulnerability are sea level rise, tides, and waves which can damage infrastructure and cause economic losses. The purpose of this study is to identify and map coastal vulnerability in Lumajang Regency, East Java using an algorithm Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI). The method used utilizes satellite imagery data and direct field observations. The parameters used are elevation, sea level rise, waves, shoreline changes, tides, and geomorphology. The results obtained are that the beach vulnerability category is divided into five classes, very low, low, medium, high, and very high. Parameters that have a major impact on coastal vulnerability in Lumajang Regency are sea level rise which can endanger coastal areas and damage settlements or infrastructure around the coast.
Keyword: kerentanan, pantai, CVI, Kabupaten Lumajang, CVI, vulnerability, Lumajang Regency, coastal

Judul: Analisis Kerentanan Pantai Menggunakan Pendekatan Coastal  Vulnerability Index (CVI)
Abstrak: Kerentanan pantai merupakan kondisi suatu wilayah pantai yang mengalami kerusakan dan ancaman bahaya yang disebabkan oleh faktor alam maupun antropogenik. Wilayah pantai memerlukan informasi spasial terkait tingkat kerentanan pantai upaya mengurangi risiko terhadap ancaman kerusakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kerentanan pantai di Kecamatan Mirit, Grabag, Ngombol, Purwodadi, Temon, dan Wates menggunakan pendekatan Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI). Metode yang digunakan adalah pengamatan secara langsung dan pengolahan data dalam Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Parameter yang digunakan dalam analisis yaitu geomorfologi, elevasi, pasang surut, tinggi gelombang, perubahan garis pantai, dan kenaikan muka laut. Analisis tingkat kerentanan dikategorikan dalam sangat rendah, rendah, sedang, tinggi dan sangat tinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pantai Kecamatan Wates hingga Mirit didominasi oleh kerentanan tinggi. Wilayah pantai yang termasuk kategori kerentanan sangat rendah sepanjang 2 km, kategori kerentanan rendah sepanjang 1 km, kategori kerentanan tinggi sepanjang 27 km, dan kategori kerentanan sangat tinggi sepanjang 13 km., Coastal vulnerability is the condition of a coastal area that is damaged and threatened by hazards caused by natural and anthropogenic factors. Coastal areas require spatial information related to the level of coastal vulnerability to reduce the risk of the threat of damage. This study aims to analyze coastal vulnerability in Mirit, Grabag, Ngombol, Purwodadi, Temon, and Wates using the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) approach. The method used is direct observation and data processing in Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The parameters used in the analysis are geomorphology, elevation, tides, wave height, shoreline changes, and sea level rise. Analysis of the level of vulnerability is categorized into very low, low, medium, high, and very high. The results showed that the coasts of the Wates to Mirit sub-districts were dominated by high vulnerability. Coastal areas that are included in the very low vulnerability category along 2 km, the low vulnerability category along 1 km, the high vulnerability category along 27 km, and the very high vulnerability category along 13 km.
Keyword: coastal, CVI, GIS, vulnerability

Judul: Sintesis Flavon dari Fenol dan Benzoil Klorida
Abstrak: Flavone is a class of flavonoid, commonly found in plants with wide bioactivity spectrum. A widely used flavone synthesis route is through acidcatalyzed oxidative cyclization of β-diketone. In this study, unsubstituted flavone had been synthesized via 5-step from phenol, with 22% yield and successfully increased the yield of previous study on Fries rearrangement of phenyl acetate and benzoylation of o-HAP steps. Phenol was acetylated resulting 93% phenyl acetate. AlCl3-catalyzed Fries rearrangement in 1.5 hour and at 120 °C converted phenyl acetate into o-hydroxyacetophenone (o-HAP) with 40% yield. AlCl3 as catalyst produced o-HAP with higher and reproducible yield compared with BF3·Et2O and ZnCl2. Benzoylation of o-HAP followed by Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement of the ester product using KOH in dried pyridine produced β-diketone 1-(2- hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropane-1,3-dione. The yield of ester and β-diketone were 71% and 85%, respectively. Finally, oxidative cyclization of β-diketone with sulphuric acid as catalyst produced 99% of flavone. The flavone product had been characterized spectroscopically and its melting point as well.
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