Judul: Development of Agriculture Land Evaluation Model Based on Environmental Risk
Abstrak: Karawang district is one of the largest rice granaries in Indonesia. The existence of agricultural areas is one of the important things that must be maintained to support the national food security program. However, industrial development and rapid population growth are factors in the conversion of agricultural land to non agricultural functions. The process of land conversion occurs massively on the productive area with a small scale and is difficult to identify. Based on the descriptions, it is necessary to evaluate agricultural land to support decision making, especially in the conservation and management of agricultural areas in Karawang district. The objectives of this study are to introduce the alternative method for improved image classification analysis based on hybrids time series normalized difference index for rapid mapping of agriculture area and developing the spatially explicit model to evaluate the potential of agricultural land to be converted based on environmental risks. The method introduced is a hybrid method by integrating the quantification of the Normalized Difference Tillage Index (NDTI) and the characterization of the Tillage Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The Normalized Difference Tillage Index (NDTI) has been widely used to identify biophysical parameters and agricultural practices. While the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is optimized for the characterization and analysis of agricultural phenology. The hybrid method that integrates the quantification and characterization of the Normalized Difference Tillage Index (NDTI) and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) promises a fast and precise method for image classification. From the results of the accuracy assessment using the Kappa coefficient, Producer accuracy is 95%, User accuracy is 71%, and Overall accuracy is 72% with a coefficient of 31.4%. The use of Sentinel-2 data with good spatial resolution can identify a unit area of less than 1 hectare, where that the classification results can support precision agriculture activities. The output of the Agricultural Land Evaluation model produces spatial information that can explicitly describe the effect of each environmental risk according to its weight. the agriculture area in Karawang district is dominated by areas with high risk (39.66%), very high (32.95%), and moderate (24.21%). Agricultural land objects with the highest and very high risk are adjacent to the road network. Based on validation using serial very high-resolution data from 2017 to 2020 in West Karawang and Purwasari sub-districts, it was found that agricultural areas with high and very high environmental risks have a high potential to be converted into non-agricultural areas. The advantageous information would be useful for decision-makers in determining priorities, management strategies, and alternative scenarios for agricultural land conservation.
Keyword: Agriculture land, remote sensing, SMCA, NDTI, NDVI

Judul: Analisis DataTime Series NDVI-SPOT VEGETATION Untuk Tanaman Padi (Studi Kasus: Kabupaten Karawang)
Abstrak: Remote sensing has become very important to various fields of science, especially agriculture. Rice crop growth cycle can be monitored using multi temporal remote sensing application, such as SPOT-Vegetation image. This research presents the time series analysis to monitor growth phase of rice crop in Karawang using NDVI. Based on NDVI, analysis of fenology trends from rice crop growth can be done to help determine plant season, optimal vegetative phase, fallow phase after harvest and spatial distribution pattern formed in one plant season. This research show that for rice crop Karawang in 2007 has high level of vegetation index and reach optimal vegetative growth phase in 70-90 days after planting. This result also stated before in research done by Yang and Su in 1998, it is stated that NDVI value will reach its peak around 70 days after planting and decrease following the aging of the plant.
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Judul: Aspek kehidupan dan reproduksi pada lumba-lumba
Abstrak: Lumba-lumba merupakan mammalia yang hidup di laut dan sebagian hidup di beberapa perairan air tawar. Hewan ini mempunyai bentuk tubuh yang streamline, moncong seperti paruh serta mempunyai gigi kurang lebih 200 buah. Tubuh lumba-lumba dilapisi oleh spermaceti yang terdiri dari lapisan minyak. Hewan yang sering terlihat di gelanggang-gelanggang samudra ini mempunyai ekor horizontal dan panjang tubuhnya berkisar 1,1 meter sampai 9 meter (Yablokov, 1974). Bia- sanya jantan lebih besar daripada yang betina. Di dalam klasifikasinya lumba-lumba termasuk dalam kelas mammalia, ordo Cetacea dan subordo Odontoceti. Di seluruh perairan dunia, terdapat banyak sekali spesies lumba-lumba, yang keseluruhannya termasuk ke dalam kelompok famili Delphinidae yang terdiri atas 19 genus ya- itu : Steno, Sotalia, Stenella, Delphinus, Lissodelphis, Orchinus, Lagenodelphis, Tursiops, Grampus, Lagenorhynchus Orcaella, Cephalorhynchus, Peponocephala, Feresa, Pseu- dorca, Globicephala, Phocoena, Neophocoena, dan yang terakhir Phoconoides (Yablokov, 1974). Tiga genus yang terakhir tidak termasuk lumba-lumba. Selain famili tersebut di atas, terdapat pula lumba- lumba yang hidup di perairan air tawar, yaitu dari famili Platanistidae (Cousteau, J.Y. , 1975). Makanan utama lumba-lumba berupa ikan (tuna, cumi-cu- mi, dan lain-lain), mollusca, cephalopoda dan crustacea. Dalam mencari makanannya, lumba-lumba bermigrasi secara teratur. Mereka menghabiskan musim panas di daerah kutub, kemudian bermigrasi ke daerah selatan selama musim dingin. Habitat lumba-lumba yang mutlak adalah air, baik air asin maupun air tawar. Mereka tidak dapat meninggalkan air, meskipun menurut asal-usulnya lumba-lumba merupakan mammalia darat (Coffey, D.J. 1977). Menurut Yablokov (1974) lumba-lumba betina memiliki sepasang ovarium yang rata/licin yang terdapat dalam ova- rian sac. Pada vagina beberapa spesies lumba-lumba terda- pat sumbat vagina/plug..dst
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