Judul: Pengaruh Electric Furnace Slag, Dolomit, dan Unsur Mikro terhadap Sifat Kimia Tanah serta Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa) Varietas IR 64 pada Tanah Gambut Dalam dari Kumpeh, Jambi
Abstrak: Pada tahun 2010 produksi padi sebesar 66,41 juta ton padi (gabah kering giling) dirasa belum mampu memenuhi kebutuhan beras. Keterbatasan lahan produktif menyebabkan ekstensifikasi pertanian mengarah pada lahan-lahan marjinal, salah satunya yaitu lahan gambut. Secara alamiah lahan gambut di Indonesia memiliki tingkat kesuburan rendah karena kandungan unsur hara yang rendah dan bersifat sangat masam. Upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut antara lain adalah pengapuran, penamban unsur hara makro dan mikro, serta penambahan bahan-bahan amelioran seperti: terak baja, abu vulkan, lumpur rawa, abu sisa pembakaran, dan lain-lain. Salah satu amelioran yang umum digunakan di Amerika, Jepang, dan Korea yaitu terak baja, tetapi di Indonesia belum digunakan. Padahal hasil penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa terak baja (electric furnace slag) Indonesia dapat meningkatkan pH tanah, Ca dan Mg dapat dipertukarkan, dan meningkatkan ketersediaan Si dalam tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh electric furnace slag (EF Slag), dolomit, dan unsur mikro terhadap sifat kimia tanah serta pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman padi pada tanah gambut. Penelitian dilakukan melalui percobaan inkubasi di laboratorium dan percobaan pot di rumah kaca dengan menggunakan tanah gambut yang berasal dari Kumpeh, Jambi. Dosis yang diberikan yaitu EF Slag 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, dan 8% dan dolomit ekuivalen EF Slag 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, dan 8%. Rancangan percobaan yang dipakai adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL).
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Judul: Pengaruh Electric Furnace Slag, Silica gel dan Unsur Mikro terhadap Sifat Kimia Tanah Serta Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa L.) pada Tanah Gambut dari Kumpeh, Jambi
Abstrak: The staple food of Indonesian is rice, concequently paddy is the most important crop in agriculture. Peat soil is one of marginal land which potential to create the availability of land for paddy in Indonesia. Generally, peat soil in Indonesia has low fertility and availability of silicon (Si). Silicon is beneficial element for paddy rice. Recently, general material used as sources of Si in some countries is steel slag of which consist calcium silicate. One kind of steel slag produced in Indonesia is electric furnace slag. However, according to regulation of government (PP No. 18, 1999 and No. 85, 1999), steel slag is categoried at hazardous waste. The objectives of this research were to determine the effect of EF slag, silica gel, and micro elements on chemical properties of soil, growth and yield of paddy rice on peat soil and to evaluate content of heavy metal in rice for worthiness of rice consumption. This research used peat soil from Kumpeh Regency, Jambi. The research consisted of two experiments, they were incubation experiment in laboratory and pot experiment in greenhouse. The dosage applied for treatment of EF slag and silica gel were 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%. Application of EF slag significantly increased pH, exchangeable Ca and Mg, available-Fe, Mn, Zn, SiO2, and P. Growth and yield of paddy rice with EF slag was better than with silica gel and micro nutrients. Furthermore, the content of heavy metal in rice was very low, so that the rice produced is not harmful and can be consumed.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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