Judul: Produktivitas Penyaradan Kayu Rasamala Menggunakan Teknik Manual Di RPH Takokak, KPH Sukabumi
Abstrak: Penyaradan merupakan usaha mengeluarkan kayu dari tebangan. Penyaradan dapat dilakukan secara manual dan mekanis. Tujuan penelitian diantaranya untuk mengetahui produktivitas dan biaya penyaradan kayu rasamala secara manual berdasarkan jumlah blandong yang menyarad di RPH Takokak, BKPH Cikawung, KPH Sukabumi serta mengetahui pengaruh jarak sarad, waktu kerja, dan volume kayu yang disarad terhadap produktivitas dan biaya penyaradan. Penyaradan di RPH Takokak dilakukan oleh dua sampai delapan blandong. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penyaradan delapan blandong memiliki produktivitas efektif, aktual, dan standar paling besar dibandingan penyaradan dua blandong, empat blandong, dan enam blandong. Produktivitas efektif didapatkan sebesar 4,46m3/jam, produktivitas aktual 3,41 m3/jam, dan produktivitas standar 3,39 m3/jam. Biaya yang dikeluarkan pada penyaradan dua blandong (Rp1.043.792,82/m3) paling rendah dibandingkan penyaradan empat blandong (Rp 1.544.217,26/m3), enam blandong (Rp 2.267.950,47/m3), dan delapan blandong (Rp 2.686.004,41/m3). Produktivitas dan biaya penyaradan dipengaruhi oleh jarak sarad, waktu kerja, serta volume kayu yang disarad.
Keyword: Biaya, Manual, Penyaradan, Produktivitas, Rasamala

Judul: Produktivitas Penyaradan Kayu Jati Menggunakan Teknik Manual di RPH Cipeundeuy, KPH Bandung Utara
Abstrak: Penyaradan merupakan proses mengeluarkan kayu dari areal tebangan. Penyaradan dapat dilakukan secara manual, semi mekanis, dan mekanis. Tujuan penelitian diantaranya mengetahui produktivitas dan biaya penyaradan kayu secara manual berdasarkan jumlah belandong yang menyarad di RPH Cipeundeuy, BKPH Padalarang, KPH Bandung Utara serta mengetahui pengaruh jarak sarad, volume kayu yang disarad, dan waktu kerja terhadap produktivitas dan biaya penyaradan. Data penelitian terdiri dari data primer yang didapatkan melalui pengukuran dan wawancara serta data sekunder didapatkan melalui studi literatur. Penyaradan di RPH Cipeundeuy dilakukan oleh dua atau empat belandong. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan produktivitas efektif penyaradan empat belandong lebih besar 0,59 m3/jam (0,35 m3/jam/hm) dari pada penyaradan dua belandong, produktivitas aktualnya lebih besar 0,75 m3/jam (0,40 m3/jam/hm), dan produktivitas standarnya lebih besar 0,45 m3/jam (0,27 m3/jam/hm). Namun, biaya yang dikeluarkan pada penyaradan empat belandong (Rp33.895,00/m3) lebih besar dibandingkan penyaradan dua belandong (Rp22.675,00/m3). Produktivitas dan biaya penyaradan dipengaruhi oleh jarak sarad, waktu kerja, serta volume kayu yang disarad., Skidding is the process of removing wood from the felled area. Skidding can be done manually, semi-mechanically, and mechanically. The objectives of the study were to determine the productivity and cost of skidding wood manually based on the number of belandongs that skidded at RPH Cipeundeuy, BKPH Padalarang, KPH Bandung Utara and to determine the effect of skidding distance, the volume of skidded wood, and working time on productivity and skidding costs. The research data consisted of primary data obtained through measurements and interviews and secondary data obtained through literature studies. Skidding at the Cipeundeuy RPH is carried out by two or four belandong. The results showed that the effective productivity of four belandongs skidding was 0,59 m3/hr (0,35 m3/hr/hm) than that of two belandongs, the actual productivity was 0,75 m3/hr (0,40 m3/hr/hm), and the standard productivity is 0,45 m3/hr (0,27 m3/hr/hm). However, the costs incurred for skidding four beandongs (Rp33.895,00/m3) were higher than for skidding two bugs (Rp22.675,00/m3). The productivity and cost of skidding are affected by skidding distance, work time, and the volume of skidded wood.
Keyword: cost, manual, productivity, skidding, teak

Judul: Photosensor producing based on ferroelectric material of Ba0,5Sr0,5TiO3 doped by Ferrium Oxide (Fe2O3) on a P-Type Silicon Substate Si (100) applied as a digital camera with a single pixel image sensor
Abstrak: Thin film Ba0,5Sr0,5TiO3 (BST) doped with Fe2O3 was grown on p-type silicon substrate (100) using chemical solution deposition (CSD). It used the solvent 2-methoxyethanol with annealing temperature of 850°C and the doping treatment Fe2O3 of 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 % of the mass formed BST. Pure BST had the highest absorption of 600 nm of light wavelength. Additions Fe2O3 moves highest absorption in the range of 560 nm. Fe2O3 addition was strengthening thin film sensitivity to the effects of light. In general, doping Fe2O3 10% was result the best absorbance and current-voltage of BST thin film. Electrical properties of thin films BST include dielectric, photoconductivity, and dissipation energy. Based on the current-voltage (I-V) analysis, pure BST and doped BST showed photodiode properties. Dielectric values obtained in the range from 23.32 to 243. Based on electrical conductivity data and energy dissipation, BST thin films have shown photodiode characteristics and are therefore suitable as light sensors. The image sensor in a digital camera is also a light sensor. This BST thin film has been scientifically proven to be a light sensor and also it can be applied as an image sensor. This is a novelty image sensor based on thin film Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3.
Keyword: barium strontium titanate, thin film, photodiode, image sensor, digital camera