Judul: Communication Base Rate and Critical Consciousness, Keywords: Gender Mainstreaming
Abstrak: Kenanga village of district Cirebon, is one area that gets the PNPM Mandiri program. This is due to poverty is still a large population of Kenanga village. PNPM Mandiri is a means to alleviate poverty in Indonesia. The program was characterized by active participation of society, awareness of responsibility towards the development and equitable gender roles. This concept represents a new paradigm in the application system in Indonesian Development. To realize the vision of this mission required a participatory communication. To analyze this concept carried out a study using a qualitative approach to the critical paradigm. For data collection has done by using interview techniques, both participatory observation and observations that are closed, the forum group discussions or FGDs and literature studies. The point object from the unit under study PNPM mandiri are activities revolving loan. Results obtained from this study that the pattern of communication which were conducted in PNPM Mandiri participation was communication with the communication approaches that were sequential. With this communication pattern has been distorted so that the internalization of the program to the community not be comprehensive. As a result, the implementation of the PNPM Mandiri undergone many obstacles.
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Judul: Analisis gender dalam penyelenggaraan program nasional pemberdayaan masyarakat (PNPM) Mandiri Pedesaan (kasus di desa Kemang, kecamatan Bojongpicung kabupaten Cianjur, provinsi Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: This study found that the majority of the Sosial Dasar Pasticipants (male participants) and SPKP Participants (female participants) were in the high category of their acces toward the PNPM MP but relatively low in terms of control toward the program. Therefore , their participation level on the program were mostly low. This relates to the fact that the majority of participants status were as a member. One indicator of success of the program PNPM MP can be viewed through the output of a program that is felt by the community. Benefit analysis in this study includes Levels of Business Development and Income Level. More than half of the PNPM MP claimed that the business activities carried out after any assistance is growing especially Pembangunan Infrastruktur Jalan and SPKP. Similarly, the income level where the majority of participants PNPM MP claimed that income increased along with increasing business activity being undertaken. This study found that the participation of poor households are less involved in the planning and implementation of PNPM MP. This is thought to be caused because (1) lack of awareness of poor households to participate, (2) lack of transparency of the actors at the village level in running the program so it does not all the public aware of the PNPM MP, and (3) facilitators who are less responsive to the existing problems in the field. The fact that the relatively high proportion of women who participated in the planning and implementation of programs that are not followed by high access and control over their resources PNPM MP on the one side, in contrast to the male participants; KKG reflect that the principle underlying the planning and implementation of the PNPM MP Village Kemang has not succeeded in meeting the strategic needs of gender. This is supported by the fact that although women are involved in every meeting, but their presence is still limited to physical presence, have not been able to improve their leadership. Conversely, if it refers to the fact that both the PSD and SPKP states to benefit from a stimulant high they get, it can be concluded that PNPM MP in Kemang Village can meet practical gender needs.
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Judul: Penggunaan Perlakuan Panas untuk Memperpanjang Umur Simpan Produk Lapis Talas Kukus
Abstrak: Bolu lapis talas kukus memiliki umur simpan yang pendek yaitu hanya 2 hari pada suhu ruang dan 5 hari pada suhu kulkas. Kerusakan produk paling utama disebabkan oleh kapang. Cara memperpanjang umur simpan dari produk pangan yang paling sering digunakan yaitu dengan perlakuan panas. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperpanjang umur simpan dari produk bolu lapis talas kukus menggunakan perlakuan panas. Penelitian pendahuluan mendapatkan proses pemanasan menggunakan suhu 105 °C, 110 °C, dan 115 °C dengan waktu 15 menit, 20 menit, dan 25 menit. Pengujian tekstur dan mikroba dilakukan selama penyimpanan pada hari pertama, ketiga, kelima, dan ketujuh. Pengamatan perubahan warna dan ukuran dilakukan setelah proses pemanasan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi suhu yang digunakan, nilai hardness dari produk bolu semakin tinggi, dan selama penyimpanan juga nilai hardness semakin tinggi. Nilai springiness dan cohesiveness cenderung menurun setelah pemanasan dan seiring penyimpanan sampel. Berdasarkan data ALT, pemanasan menggunakan suhu 115 °C dapat memperpanjang umur simpan menjadi 7 hari. Perubahan warna akibat pemanasan terjadi semakin tinggi seiring dengan meningkatnya suhu pemanasan. Perubahan warna paling tinggi terjadi pada suhu pemanasan 115 °C selama 20 menit. Proses pemanasan menurunkan ukuran panjang, tebal, dan tinggi dari produk, yang mana pemanasan dengan suhu 115 °C selama 25 menit menyusutkan panjang produk sebesar 5,19%, ketebalan menyusut sebesar 15,25% dan menyusutkan tinggi sebesar 0,71%.
Keyword: taro layer sponge cake, heat treatment, shelf life