Judul: Pemetaan Stok Karbon Tegakan Hutan Menggunakan Citra Landsat ETM+ di PT. Sarmiento Parakantja Timber Kalimantan Tengah
Abstrak: Besides using the forest production function as wood producer, IUPHHK (forest concession) company has a role to manage the forest ecology function as carbon sink and reservoir. This research was aimed to estimate and make a map of PT. Sarmiento Parakantja Timber natural forest stand carbon stock. This research used a combination of allometric equations (Brown and Ketterings et al.) and remote sensing data. The estimated carbon stock in this research was carbon stock for pole (diameter 10-19 cm) and tree (diameter ≥ 20 cm). The samples taken at 2 places, i.e. outside and inside RKT (annual working plan) 2011, 2012, 2013 forest area. This research showed the average estimated total carbon stock of pole and tree for the outside of those area 229.28 ton/ha by Brown equation and 201.39 ton/ha by Ketterings et al. equation. Inside TPTI (selected logging and Indonesia planting silviculture system) and TPTJ (selected logging and strip planting silviculture system) area of those RKT area, the average estimated total carbon stock of pole and tree 173.68 ton/ha (TPTI) and 124.04 ton/ha (TPTJ) by Brown equation, 167.10 ton/ha (TPTI) and 118.52 ton/ha (TPTJ) by Ketterings et al. equation.
Keyword: remote sensing, forest stand, forest concession, carbon stock, allometric equation

Judul: Pemetaan Penyebaran Pohon dan Stok Karbon dengan Menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis di PT. Ratah Timber Kalimantan Timur.
Abstrak: Tropical natural forests have a significant role in global climate change. Planning and management of forest resources is absolutely necessary to keep both its sustainability. For that, they need sufficient information that can be used by decision makers, including spatial information. Geographic information system (GIS) is a very useful tool in climate change research, namely in terms of organizing the data, in the form of a global data base, and spatial analysis capabilities for modeling. Geographic information system applications for climate change research is growing rapidly, but for developing countries is still very limited. This study aims to calculate the alleged carbon savings as well as making the tree distribution maps and plots in the area of cutting carbon Q37 Annual Work Plan (RKT) 2011 PT. Ratah Timber, East Kalimantan. This information is expected to be used for the preparation of Annual Work Plan for Timber Utilization (RKTUPHHK), providing information and real contributions in particular to the PT. Ratah Timber of the potential functions of forests as carbon storage in reducing concentrations of green house gases that cause global warming and the material input and consideration in the trading of carbon (carbon trade) world. The data of this study was a secondary data Cruising Report (LHC). This data was then analyzed to determine the number of trees (tree density), basal area (Lbds), tree volume, as well as allegations of biomass and carbon deposits. GIS analysis was then performed to obtain a map of the distribution of trees and carbon. In the area of research plots Q37 was found as many as 1710 trees and 38 species with a density of 17 trees / ha. The potential volume of 52.82 m3/ha tree consist of 13.43 m3/ha core tree, protected tree 5.46 m3/ha, and proper tree felling 33.92 m3/ha. Allegations of carbon deposits was approximated by estimating forest biomass, of which 50% of biomass is carbon (Brown 1997). Biomass estimation was done using equation Allometric made by Brown (1997). Total deposits biomass and carbon contained in the stands in the research area of 48.38 tonnes/ha and 24.19 tonnes C/ha. Feasible tree felling with a diameter ≥ 50 cm will later be made illegal, in other words the carbon stocks lost from logging in the research area of 16.08 tonnes/ha, so that the preparation of carbon deposits contained in the research area of 8.11 tonnes/ha.
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Judul: Durability of Specific Immunoglobulin (Ig) Y Againts Influenza and Covid-19 in Sunscreen
Abstrak: The benefit of specific immunoglobulin Y (Ig Y) as an active ingredient in personal care products such as sunscreen has not been properly studied. Our study aims to evaluate the reliability of specific IgY against influenza and the COVID-19 virus in a sample sunscreen product. Specific IgY influenza and COVID-19 viruses were inserted in the sample sunscreen at two concentrations of 0.1% and 0.25%. Three treatments were observed: control (C) sunscreen without IgY, treatment 1 (T1) sunscreen with 0.1% IgY, and treatment 2 (T2) sunscreen with 0.25% IgY. Organoleptic observations were carried out to monitor changes in aroma, color, and texture, and sunscreen sampling was done every week for 6 weeks. The durability of IgY was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a neutralization assay. Organoleptic observation from weeks 1 to 6 showed consistency in its aroma, color, and texture. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization assay (NA) results of the T1 and T2 groups showed negative results except for sample T1 at week 5, which showed a positive result in the Influenza A ELISA. Based on the results, it seems that IgY concentrations of 0.1% or 0.25% were not optimal. However, this negative result might be due to low concentration of the IgY and the presence of beeswax, which inhibits IgY and causes it to dissolve in distilled water, thus preventing it from being detected in the assay.
Keyword: Immunoglobulin Y, Sunscreen, Influenza, COVID-19, Biological Activity