Judul: Pemeriksaan Toksikopatologi Efek Pemberian Berbagai Fraksinasi Ekstrak Batang Gatep Pahit (Quassia indica (Gaernt.) Nooteboom) Pada Organ Hati dan Ginjal Mencit (Mus musculus)
Abstrak: The aim of this research was to study the toxicopathology effect of gatep pahit (Q. indica) stem extract fractionation given using various solvents of different polarity (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol residue) on mice (Mus musculus) liver and kidney. Twenty five mice (Mus musculus) were divided into five groups. Four groups were given 100 mg/kg BW stem extract fractionation of Q. indica using various different solvent and one group of mice performed as control which received carboxymethocellulose (CMC-Na) 1%. After 1 week of treatment, the mice then were euthanized with over dose of ether. The liver and kidney were taken and fixed in 10% of Buffer Neutral Formalin for 48 hours. The tissue samples were processed to make histopathology slides stained with Hematoxylin Eosin. The tissues were examined under the light microscope. The toxicopathology assay included to count the cells under went necrosis/apoptosis and degeneration. The results revealed that the Q. indica chloroform fraction has the lowest level of damage to hepatocytes while hexane fraction showed the most hepatocytes damaged. The Q. indica hexane fraction caused the less damage in kidney tubular epithelium while the ethyl acetate showed the most epithelium damaged.
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Judul: Pemeriksaan Toksikopatologi Efek Pemberian Berbagai Fraksinasi Ekstrak Batang Gatep Pahit (Quassia indica (Gaernt.) Nooteboom) Pada Organ Hati dan Ginjal Mencit (Mus musculus)
Abstrak: The aim of this research was to study the toxicopathology effect of gatep pahit (Q. indica) stem extract fractionation given using various solvents of different polarity (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol residue) on mice (Mus musculus) liver and kidney. Twenty five mice (Mus musculus) were divided into five groups. Four groups were given 100 mg/kg BW stem extract fractionation of Q. indica using various different solvent and one group of mice performed as control which received carboxymethocellulose (CMC-Na) 1%. After 1 week of treatment, the mice then were euthanized with over dose of ether. The liver and kidney were taken and fixed in 10% of Buffer Neutral Formalin for 48 hours. The tissue samples were processed to make histopathology slides stained with Hematoxylin Eosin. The tissues were examined under the light microscope. The toxicopathology assay included to count the cells under went necrosis/apoptosis and degeneration. The results revealed that the Q. indica chloroform fraction has the lowest level of damage to hepatocytes while hexane fraction showed the most hepatocytes damaged. The Q. indica hexane fraction caused the less damage in kidney tubular epithelium while the ethyl acetate showed the most epithelium damaged.
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Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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