Judul: Formulasi Minuman Bandrek dengan Penambahan Kolagen di PT Liza Herbal International
Abstrak: Permasalahan penurunan penjualan produk bandrek di PT LHI merujuk pada teori product life cycle yaitu tahap decline. Penjualan menurun karena lebih banyak produk inovatif memasuki pasar atau keinginan konsumen berubah, sehingga diperlukan cara untuk bertahan. Salah satunya adalah dengan mengenalkan produk baru ke pasar. Oleh karena itu dilakukan inovasi terhadap minuman bandrek PT LHI. Bandrek merupakan minuman tradisional yang dimanfaatkan untuk menghangatkan tubuh. Produksi bandrek menggunakan penambahan kolagen yaitu kolagen ikan yang tinggi nilai biologis serta kandungan asam amino esensial. Bandrek dengan varian kolagen memiliki perbandingan massa bumbu bandrek : gula aren : kolagen adalah 85,5% : 13,7% : 0,9% dengan rendemen sebesar 43,1% dari seluruh bahan baku. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode kuantitatif melalui pendekatan riset aksi serta pembuatan prototipe minuman bandrek yang lebih disukai konsumen. Formulasi dilakukan dengan skala laboratorium, tetapi peracangan dilakukan dengan skala industri meliputi neraca massa, perencanaan tata letak, desain kemasan, dan analisis kelayakan finansial. Proses produksi diawali dengan persiapan bahan baku, pencucian, penyangraian, penghancuran dan penyaringan, pengendapan, ekstraksi, filtrasi, kokristalisasi, penepungan, dan dilanjutkan pengemasan. Pengujian yang dilakukan untuk mendapat formula terbaik adalah uji organoleptik, dilanjutkan dengan analisis proksimat (kadar air, kadar abu, kadar protein, kadar lemak, dan kadar karbohidrat) dan pengujian total padatan terlarut., The problem declining sales of bandrek products at PT LHI refers to the product life cycle theory. Sales decline as more innovative products enters market or consumer wants change, so needed way to survive. The solution is introducing new products to the market. Innovation will be made to PT LHI's bandrek drink. Bandrek is a traditional drink that's used to warm the body. Bandrek production uses the addition of fish collagen which has high biological value and contains essential amino acids. Bandrek with collagen variant has mass ratio of bandrek seasoning: palm sugar: collagen is 85,5%: 13,7%: 0,9% with 43,1% yield of all raw materials. The method used a quantitative method through an action research approach and making prototypes of bandrek drinks that are preferred by consumers. The formulation is carried out on a laboratory scale, but industrial scale designs include mass balance, layout planning, packaging design, and financial feasibility analysis. The production process begins with the preparation of raw materials, washing, roasting, crushing and filtering, precipitation, extraction, filtration, crystallization, flouring, and continued packaging. The tests carried out to obtain the best formula were organoleptic tests, followed by proximate analysis (moisture content, ash content, protein content, fat content, and carbohydrate content) and total dissolved solids testing.
Keyword: product life cycle, formulation, bandrek, herbal drink, collagen

Judul: Bandrek Honey Beverage Formulation at PT Liza Herbal International
Abstrak: Dalam perindustrian, product life cycle dapat digunakan untuk menentukan fase hidup dan kebutuhan suatu produk. Dari product life cycle bandrek PT Liza Herbal International, diketahui bahwa bandrek sedang memasuki fase decline atau penurunan penjualan. Oleh karena itu, berdasarkan penyebabnya, dibutuhkan inovasi berupa formulasi untuk meningkatkan citra dan penjualan bandrek. Sebanyak 13 formulasi dengan bahan baku dan metode yang berbeda menghasilkan 1 formula dengan bahan baku dan metode produksi tetap. Formula tersebut dikembangkan menjadi 9 formula bandrek dengan konsentrasi jahe dan gula aren berbeda, kemudian dianalisis secara proksimat dan organoleptik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 1 formula yang paling disukai panelis dengan karakteristik fisikokimia terbaik. Formula tersebut kemudian divariasi menggunakan madu bubuk untuk memperluas pangsa pasar dan memperkaya manfaat bandrek. Penelitian ini divalidasi dengan analisis kelayakan finansial dan dilengkapi dengan saran tata letak area produksi., In industry, the product life cycle can be used to determine the life phase and needs of a product. From product life cycle of PT Liza Herbal International’s bandrek, it is known that bandrek is entering a decline phase or sales decline. Therefore, based on the cause, innovation in the form of formulations is needed to improve the image and sales of bandrek. A total of 13 formulations with different raw materials and methods resulted in 1 formula with fixed raw materials and production methods. The formula was developed into 9 bandrek formulas with different concentrations of ginger and palm sugar, then analyzed proximately and organoleptically. The results showed 1 formula that was most preferred by the panelists with the best physicochemical characteristics. The formula was then varied using powdered honey to expand market share and enrich the benefits of bandrek. This study was validated by a financial feasibility analysis and equipped with suggestions for the layout of the production area.
Keyword: bandrek, formulasi, product life cycle, formulation

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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