Judul: Respon Pertumbuhan Bibit Salam (Syzygium polyanthum) terhadap Pemberian Pupuk Kandang Sapi dan Arang Sekam pada Tanah Tercemar Oli Bekas
Abstrak: Tanaman salam (Syzygium polyanthum) dapat tumbuh di tanah miskin hara, seperti tanah tercemar oli bekas. Penanaman bibit salam dengan pemberian pupuk kandang sapi dan arang sekam diharapkan mampu mengurangi dampak pencemaran oli bekas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dosis optimal untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit salam terhadap pemberian pupuk kandang sapi dan arang sekam pada tanah tercemar oli bekas dengan konsentrasi 60 ml/1 kg tanah. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial dengan dua faktor dan uji analisis tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian pupuk kandang sapi dan interaksinya dengan arang sekam berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter nisbah pucuk akar (NPA). Pemberian kombinasi 60 gram pupuk kandang sapi dan 60 gram arang sekam memiliki nilai NPA terbaik sebesar 3,11. Pemberian pupuk kandang sapi dan arang sekam pada tanah tercemar oli bekas mampu menurunkan kandungan Al, Zn, dan Mn secara berurutan sebesar 2,28 me/100 g, 5,71 ppm, dan 11,00 ppm. Kandungan unsur logam Fe, Cu, dan Pb meningkat sebesar 17,00 ppm, 1,02 ppm, dan 0,15 ppm., Salam plant (Syzygium polyanthum) can grow in nutrient-poor soils, such as soil contaminated by used oil. The planting of salam with the application of cow manure and husk charcoal is expected to reduce the impact of used oil contaminated. This study aims to analyze the optimal dose to increase the growth of salam to the application of cow manure and husk charcoal on soil contaminated used oil with a concentration of 60 ml/1 kg of soil. The study used a factorial completely randomized design with two factors and a soil analysis test. The result showed that the application of cow manure and its interaction with husk charcoal significantly affected the root shoot ratio (NPA) parameter. The combination of 60 grams of cow manure and 60 grams husk charcoal had the best NPA value of 3,11. The application of cow manure and husk charcoal to soil contaminated by used oil was able to reduce the Al, Zn, and Mn content of 2,28 me/100 g, 5,71 ppm, and 11,00 ppm. The elemental content of Fe, Cu, Pb increased by 17,00 ppm, 1,02 ppm, and 0,15 ppm.
Keyword: cow manure, husk charcoal, root shoot ratio, Syzygium polyanthum, used oil

Judul: The Optimization of The Addition Cow Manure and Wood Charcoal to the Growth of Salam (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp.) on Used Oil Contaminated Soil
Abstrak: Pembuangan oli bekas secara ilegal menyebabkan pencemaran tanah yang dapat merusak dan menurunkan produktivitas tanah. Penanaman salam (Syzygium polyanthum) dengan penambahan pupuk kandang sapi dan arang kayu diharapkan dapat memperbaiki karakteristik tanah tercemar oli bekas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh pemberian pupuk kandang sapi dan arang kayu terhadap pertumbuhan salam serta mengetahui dosis yang optimal untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan salam pada tanah tercemar oli bekas. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan dua faktor yaitu pupuk kandang sapi dan arang kayu dengan 1000 g tanah yang dicemari oli bekas pada konsentrasi 60 ml/kg tanah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pemberian pupuk kandang sapi 90 g dan arang kayu 40 g memberikan respon terbaik pada berat basah total dan panjang akar. Pemberian pupuk kandang sapi 90 g dan arang kayu 20 g memberikan respon terbaik pada diameter dan pemberian pupuk kandang sapi 90 g memberikan respon terbaik pada berat kering total bibit salam. Pemberian pupuk kandang sapi dan arang kayu juga dapat menurunkan kandungan unsur Pb sebesar 0,43 ppm., Illegal disposal of used oil causes soil contamination which can damage and reduce soil productivity. Planting salam (Syzygium polyanthum) with the addition of cow manure and wood charcoal is expected to improve the used oil contaminated soil characteristics. This study analyzed the effect of cow fertilizer and wood charcoal addition to the growth salam and determined the optimal formula to increase the growth of salam on used oil contaminated soil. This study used completely factorial randomized design (CRD) with two factors; those are cow manure and wood charcoal in to 1000 g used oil contaminated soil with concentration of 60 ml/kg. This study shows that 90 g cow manure and 40 g wood charcoal gave the best response to total wet weight and root length. The addition of 90 g cow manure and 20 g wood charcoal gave the best response to the diameter and 90 g cow manure gave the best response to the total dry weight of salam seeds. Cow manure and wood charcoal addition also reduce the Pb content by 0,43 ppm.
Keyword: cow manure, Syzygium polyanthum, used oil, wood charcoal

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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