Judul: Pengaruh penggunaan berbagai pelindung terhadap kelangsungan hidup pascalarva udang galah (Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man) pada wadah penampungan dengan kepadatan awal 45 ekor per liter
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh peng- gunaan berbagai pelindung terhadap kelangsungan hidup pas- calarva udang galah pada kepadatan awal 45 ekor per liter. Pelaksanaannya dilakukan di Laboratorium Pembenihan Udang Galah (LPUG) Pasar Minggu, Jakarta Selatan dari tanggal 15 Maret 1989 sampai tanggal 6 Mei 1989, dengan masa peng- amatan selama tiga minggu. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan yaitu, (A) percobaan tanpa pelindung, (B) pakai pelindung yang dibuat dari potongan pipa paralon berdiameter 4 cm dengan panjang 5 cm yang disusun sehingga menyerupai bentuk prisma, (C) pelindung yang terbuat dari potongan kaca serabut bergelombang berukuran 5 cm X 20 cm yang disusun sehingga berbentuk seperti sarang lebah dan (D) pelindung yang terbuat dari kerangka kayu berukuran 20 cm X 20 cm dibentangi lembaran plastic hitam berukuran 5 cm X 20 cm. Setiap perlakuan dengan tiga ulangan. Pascalarva udang galah yang digunakan mempunyai bobot individu rata-rata berkisar 0,0410 gram 0,0570 gram. Wadah penelitian yang digunakan adalah bak kayu yang permukaan dalamnya dilapisi dengan plastik hitam dengan ukuran 40 cm X 30 cm X 40 cm. Bak kayu ada seba- nyak 12 buah dan masing-masing wadah diisi dengan air se banyak 24 liter. Makanan berkadar protein 30% berbentuk remahan-remahan diberikan sekenyangnya dengan frekuensi dua kali sehari pada pukul delapan pagi dan pukul empat sore. Penyesuaian jumlah makanan dilakukan sekali dalam tujuh hari. Pengukuran terhadap parameter kualitas air meliputi pengukuran suhu, pH, amonia dan nitrit…dst
Keyword: Pasca larva udang galah, Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man

Judul: Pengaruh penggunaan berbagai pelindung terhadap kelangsungan hidup pascalarva udang galah (Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man) pada wadah penempungan dengan kepadatan awal limabelas ekor per liter
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh berbagai bentuk pelindung yang disukai udang hingga dapat meningkatkan kelangsungan hidup. galah se- Tempat pelaksanaan adalah Laboratorium Pembenihan Udang Galah (LPUG) Pasar Minggu, Jakarta, dan waktunya dari bulan April sampai awal bulan Mei 1989. Pada penelitian ini digunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan untuk ap-tiap perlakuan. ti- Udang uji yang digunakan adalah hasil pembenihan di LPUG Pasar Minggu. Makanan diberikan berkadar protein 30% dalam bentuk remah yang dibuat di laboratorium pem- benihan tersebut. Pemberian makanan sampai sekenyangnya dilakukan pada pukul delapan pagi dan empat sore.
Keyword: 

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite