Judul: Marketing Efficiency Analysis of Citrus nobilis var. Microcarpa in Nagalingga Village Merek District Karo Regency
Abstrak: Salah satu daerah sentra produksi jeruk siam adalah Desa Nagalingga Kecamatan Merek Kabupaten Karo. Produksi jeruk siam mengalami fluktuasi setiap tahunnya dan terdapat perbedaan harga yang cukup tinggi antara harga yang dibayarkan konsumen dengan harga yang diterima petani. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis saluran pemasaran, fungsi-fungsi pemasaran serta menganalisis efisiensi pemasaran jeruk siam di Desa Nagalingga Kecamatan Merek Kabupaten Karo. Metode yang digunakan untuk memilih petani responden dilakukan secara sensus dan lembaga pemasaran berdasarkan snowball sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat tiga saluran pemasaran yang terbentuk dan melakukan fungsi pemasaran berbeda-beda. Saluran pemasaran 2 (Petani- pedagang pengumpul kecamatan-konsumen) merupakan saluran yang relatif efisien karena mempunyai nilai marjin pemasaran yang rendah yaitu Rp16.500, farmer’s share yang tinggi sebesar 36,8% dan rasio keuntungan terhadap biaya yang tinggi sebesar 10,83. Saluran pemasaran 2 sudah melaksanakan fungsi pemasarannya secara lengkap di tingkat lembaga pemasaran., One of the central production of Citrus nobilis var. Microcarpa is Nagalingga Village Merek District Karo Regency. Citrus nobilis var. Microcarpa production fluctuates every year and there is a fairly high price difference between the price paid by consumers and the price received by farmers. The purpose of this study was to analyze marketing channels, marketing functions as well as analyze the marketing efficiency of Citrus nobilis var. Microcarpa in Nagalingga Village Merek District Karo Regency. The method used to select farmer respondents was carried out by census and marketing agency respondents based on snowball sampling. The results of the study show that there are three marketing channels that are formed and carry out different marketing functions. Marketing channel 2 (Farmers-district collectors-consumers) is a relatively efficient channel because it has a low marketing margin value of Rp16.500, a high share of farmers of 36,8% and a high profit to cost ratio of 10,83. Marketing channel 2 has carried out its marketing function completely at the level marketing institutions.
Keyword: Analisis Efisiensi Pemasaran

Judul: Analisis Sistem Tataniaga Jeruk Siam di Desa Sumberagung, Kecamatan Sumberbaru, Kabupaten Jember, Jawa Timur
Abstrak: Citrus nobilis is one of the primary commodities in Jember, where this commodity is increasingly growing as it has a good prospect in the future. Citrus marketing system needs to be considered to increase the value added in an effort to increase the income of farmers as producers. Therefore, farmers should know about the efficient marketing channel to market their crops. The method was used to analyze the orange business administration systems are including qualitative and quantitative methods. Orange marketing in Sumberagung village covers marketing area of Jember, Jogjakarta, and Jakarta. The results of this analysis indicate that there are six marketing channels, where the sixth channel the most efficient channel based on the operational efficiency indicator where the value of marketing margin is Rp 4 416.67, the farmer's share is 62.14%, and the ratio of benefit to cost is 15.41. But, overall all of the marketing channels in Sumberagung village is quite efficient based farmer’s share value and the ratio of benefit to cost that quite large.
Keyword: fruit, orange, ratio i/Ci, farmer’s share, marketing margin, market eficiency analysis, marketing

Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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