Judul: Carbon Storage Estimation in Mangrove Above Ground Biomass in Kaliwlingi Village, Brebes.
Abstrak: Desa Kaliwlingi, Kabupaten Brebes, Jawa Tengah, memiliki sabuk hijau mangrove di pesisirnya yang berperan penting dalam penyimpanan karbon biru. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengamati vegetasi mangrove yang ada di Desa Kaliwlingi, serta mengestimasi simpanan karbon dan biomassa above ground (BAG). Survei mangrove pada 50 plot berukuran 10 m x 10 m dilakukan pada Oktober–November 2023. Estimasi biomassa dan simpanan karbon menggunakan metode non destructive sampling (Dharmawan dan Siregar 2008; Dharmawan 2010; SNI 7724: 2011) yang didasari oleh data diameter at breast height (DBH). Hasil penelitian mendapati ada dua spesies mangrove di Desa Kaliwlingi, yaitu Rhizophora mucronata dan Avicennia marina dengan kerapatan sebesar 2.632 ind/ha untuk pohon dan 2.808 ind/ha untuk anakan. Total simpanan karbon pada mangrove dipengaruhi oleh biomassa above ground dan diameter tegakan (DBH). Simpanan karbon dan BAG mangrove terbesar terdapat pada kelas DBH 9,08–24,04 cm (295,86 ton C/ha dan 629,49 ton/ha), sedangkan yang terendah pada DBH 1,34–5,30 cm (26,10 ton C/ha dan 55,54 ton/ha). Potensi karbon mangrove Desa Kaliwlingi belum mempertimbagkan nilai simpanan di bawah substrat., Kaliwlingi, a village in Brebes Regency of Central Java Province, features mangrove green belts along its coastline and of importance for blue carbon storage. The aim of this study was to conduct mangrove vegetation assessment at village scale, also to estimate above ground biomass (AGB) and carbon storage. Mangrove assessment was carried out in October–November 2023, to identify and measure diameter at breast height (DBH) at 50 plots, each with 10 m × 10 m quadrant. Biomass and carbon storage estimation was utilizing non-destructive methods by Dharmawan and Siregar 2008; Dharmawan 2010; and SNI 7724: 2011. Two mangrove species were observed in Kaliwlingi, namely Rhizophora mucronata and Avicennia marina, with density of 2.632 ind/ha for trees and 2.808 ind/ha for saplings. Carbon storage in mangroves is function of DBH and biomass. The highest stored carbon potential and biomass was observed for DBH range class of 9,08–24,04 cm (295.86 tons C/ha and 629.49 tons/ha), while the lowest at DBH 1,34–5,30 cm range (26,10 tons C/ha and 55,54 tons/ha). Blue carbon potential from mangroves at Kaliwlingi Village has yet to consider below ground carbon storage.
Keyword: biomassa, diameter, mangrove, simpanan karbon, desa kaliwlingi

Judul: Estimation of Mangrove Carbon Stock Biomass Using  a Combination of Allometric and Spatial Methods in Mangrovesari Ecotourism, Brebes, Central Java
Abstrak: SAKILA AZRIL LIA. Estimasi Stok Karbon Biomassa Mangrove Menggunakan Kombinasi Metode Alometrik dan Spasial di Ekowisata Mangrovesari, Brebes, Jawa Tengah. Dibimbing oleh FERY KURNIAWAN dan ARIO DAMAR. Mangrove berpotensi untuk menyerap dan menyimpan karbon lima kali lebih efektif dari rata-rata simpanan karbon hutan tropis. Upaya rehabilitasi yang dilakukan oleh pengelola Mangrovesari berdampak positif dalam menambah luasan hutan mangrove secara signifikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi stok karbon total ekosistem mangrove menggunakan pendekatan integrasi alometrik dan spasial di ekowisata Mangrovesari, Desa Kaliwlingi, Brebes, Jawa Tengah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa spesies mangrove yang mendominasi di ekowisata Mangrovesari adalah Rhizophora mucronata. Faktor lingkungan seperti suhu, pH, salinitas, dan DO serta tipe substrat berpengaruh terhadap kerapatan mangrove. Kerapatan mangrove memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap biomassa dan stok karbon mangrove. Nilai stok karbon mangrove di ekowisata Mangrovesari dikelompokan ke dalam 3 kategori kerapatan mangrove. Mangrove dengan kategori jarang mengandung stok karbon sebesar 42,02 ton/ha, kategori sedang sebesar 26,61 ton/ha, kategori rapat sebesar 444,60 ton/ha, dan stok karbon mangrove total sebesar 513,2334 ton/ha. Kata kunci: alometrik, biomassa, karbon, mangrove, spasial, SAKILA AZRIL LIA. Estimation of Stock Carbon Mangrove Biomass Using a Combination of Allometric and Spatial Methods in Mangrovesari Ecotourism, Brebes, Central Java Supervised by FERY KURNIAWAN and ARIO DAMAR. Mangroves have the potential to absorb and store carbon five times more effectively than the average tropical forest carbon storage. Rehabilitation efforts carried out by Mangrovesari managers have a positive impact in significantly increasing the area of mangrove forests. This study aims to estimate the total carbon stock of mangrove ecosystems using allometric and spatial integration approaches in Mangrovesari ecotourism, Kaliwlingi Village, Brebes, Central Java. The results showed that the dominating mangrove species in Mangrovesari ecotourism was Rhizophora mucronata. Environmental factors such as temperature, pH, salinity, and DO as well as substrate type affect mangrove density. Mangrove density has a positive influence on mangrove biomass and carbon stock. Mangrove carbon stock values in Mangrovesari ecotourism are grouped into 3 categories of mangrove density. Mangroves with sparse categories contain carbon stock of 42,02 tons/ha, medium category of 26,61 tons/ha, dense category of 444,60 tons/ha, and total mangrove carbon stock of 513,23 tons/ha. Keywords: allometrics, biomass, carbon, mangrove, spatialization
Keyword: stok karbon biomassa

Judul: The Dynamic of HIV Virus Infection as a Result of Protease Inhibitor Therapy.
Abstrak: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is defined as symptoms of deterioration human immune system caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The virus damages the leucocytes; therefore, once a person infected by the HIV, his/her immune system will be paralyzed and eventually will not be able to survive from any disease. HIV is transmitted in many ways, such as having unsafe sex, using unsterilized syringe, blood transfusion, and many more. So far, there has not been discovered yet a way or a medicine that can totally cure this disease. However, reverse transcriptase inhibitor therapy, protease inhibitor, or combination of those two can decline the growth of virus inside the body of the infected person. Therefore, the immune system will be enhanced back to normal phase. In this paper, will analyze the effect of protease inhibitor therapy on the dynamics of virus inside the blood with different value of effectiveness. There are two mathematical models of protease inhibitor therapy to consider, i.e. perfect and imperfect protease inhibitor. The perfect protease inhibitor therapy hinders the virus to grow well and not to infect healthy leucocytes. On the other hand, the imperfect one cannot completely detained the virus growth.
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