Judul: Pola protein dan aktivitas asetil - KoA karboksilase beberapa varietas kelapa sawit yang berbeda rendemen minyaknya
Abstrak: Palm Oil is an important export commodity. Attempts have been done to increase palm oil production. Metabolic engineering is one of breakthrough to increase production and quality of palm oil. The research was aimed to study the patterns of oil biosynthesis and mesocarp protein h m several stage of fruit ages in two varieties of Hibrida oleifera simalungm and its back cross, and also to study th e Acetyl-CoA Chboxylase (ACCase) activity in different oil yield. Oil content in three mesocarps of three varieties were increasing toward to fruit ages development. Protein pattems shown sharply at 31 and 342 kDa were homologous with AsetilcoA carboxylase and moil-ACP reductase and also GTP dehidrogenase. Protein concentration was fluctuated when oil synthesis occured in the palm oil mesocarp. It was shown by increasing thickness of SDS PAGE protein bauds until certain Week After Anthesis (WAA), then decreased- Then thickness of bands were depend on WAA from each varieties. Lo the same phase of fruit development, each variety showed d . m t ACCase activity. hibrida oliefera showed the lowest ACCare activity.
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Judul: Expression of specmc proteins in oil biosynthesis and doning of genes encoding biotin carboxylase subunit of ht-ACCase and enoyl-ACP reductase from oil palm mesokarp (Elaeis guineensis Jaq).
Abstrak: The availability of genes involved in palm oil biosynthesis and the understanding on regulation of their expression are important factors in genetic engineering to improve oil productivity and quality. As a preliminary research work on genetic engineering of palm oil metabolism, this research was aimed to identify and clone genes encoding key enzymes of oil biosynthesis in the mesocarp. Four research activity covering proteomic and genomic approaches, were conducted. These were (1) Detection, isolation and identification of proteins differentially expressed during fruit development; (2) Expression of ACCase and cloning of gene encoding biotin carboxylase subunit of ht-ACCase from oil palm mesoarrp; (3) Cloning of gene encoding enoyl-ACP reductase from oil palm mesocarp; and (4) Construction of eDNA library from oil palm mesocarp of 19 week after anthesis ~ AA) with 20 % oil content. The objective of the first research activities were to detect, isolate and identify proteins differentially expressed during fruit development and oil accumulation, in order to obtain infonnation on the enzymes that played important role in palm oil biosynthesis. Analysis of oil content and total protein in the mesocarp from different fruit development were conducted. The results showed that there was variation (from 17 to 21 WAA) on the time when the active period of oil synthesis started. Two protein bands with molecular weight of 31 and 34.3 kDa were differentially expressed during fruit development. Amino acid sequence of 31 kDa-protein was found to be homologous with biotin carboxytase subunit of ht-ACCase and enoyl·ACP reductase, while the 34.4 kDa-protein was homologous with glyceraldehydes-3P dehydrogenase. Based on results gathered from the first research adivities, oligonucleotide primers were designed and subsequently used in the second and third activities involving ampliftcation of the conserved region of genes encoding biotin carboxylase subunit of ht-ACase and enoyl-ACP reductase
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Judul: Zero-inflated negative binomial models in small area estimation.
Abstrak: The problem of over-dispersion in Poisson data is usually solved by introducing prior distributions which lead to negative binomial models. Poisson data sometime is also suffered by excess zero problems, a condition when data contains too many zero or exceeds the distribution's expectation. Zero Inflated Negative Binomial (ZINB) method can be utilized to solve such problems. This paper demonstrates the adaption of ZINB methods in Small Area Estimation with excess zero data. It is shown that the excess zero problem has substantially influenced the Empirical Bayes (EB) estimates, and the adaption of ZINB methods has improved the precision and reliability of the estimates. Key Words: Small Area Estimation, Zero-Inflation, Poisson-Gamma, Negative Binomial Regression, Empirical Bayes
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