Judul: Model pengelolaan perkebunan inti rakyat kelapa sawit berkelanjutan (Studi Kasus di PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VII, Kabupaten Muara Enim, Sumatera Selatan)
Abstrak: A primary issue in the management of oil palm plantations own by both nucleus smallholder and independent farmers currently is still sectoral and not based on the consideration of multi-sectoral and multi-dimensional. This causes multiple losses such as the loss of income’s farmers, environmental deterioration, and social problem. The objective of this research is to design a management model for sustainable nucleus smallholder of oil palm which meet aspects of biophysical (planet), economic (profit), and social (people). This research was conducted at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VII, Muara Enim District, South Sumatra Province, where located between 4°-6° south longitude and 104°-106° east latitude, in July 2011 to September 2012. The result of this analysis indicate that soil of land use of oil palm plantations contain C-org less than the forest soils, especially in the surface layer (0-20 cm). This indicates the occurrence of land degradation at the sites caused by erosion mostly at the surface layer of soil. Sustainability analysis of oil palm plantation showed that the economic dimension has the highest sustainability index of 88.97, followed by social index of 81.02, technological index of 69.17, ecological index of 68.21, and the the lowest is 30.71 for institutions index. Result of this analysis was also revealed that sustainability of plantation and motivation of employees are determined by the company support i.e. PT. Nusantara Plantation VII. Based on the multi-dimensional index of sustainable nucleus-plasma oil palm plantation was 67.67 meaning that is quite continuous. Model development shows that the implementation of soil conservation brings a consequences of increasing outcome every year. In the year 2010 was allocated IDR 1,801,271,159.73 and predicted to remain increase to IDR 4,384,575,338.50 in year 2040. If farmers follow the fertilization protocols used by nucleus smallholder, it will increase profits to IDR 7,446,289, - per hectare.
Keyword: nucleus of people, sustainability analysis, multidimensional

Judul: IPB (Bogor Agricultural University)
Abstrak: Goal of the experiment was to provide a sustainability of oil palm management model, which can be described as follow: (1) to analyze land suitability and productivity performance of oil palm area, (2) to analyze oil palm yield model, (3) to analyze the role and institutions linkage, (4) to create sustainability management model and its scenario strategic for implementing of the promoted model. The results showed that sustainability of Nucleus Estate Smallholder oil palm plantation for 2010-2035 period can be achieved through the promoted management model with the conditions of people growth 1.7%, land suitability S2 (moderately suitable) and weak competition capacity of competitor crop (rubber). The indicators of sustainability oil palm management model were (a) favorable physical land condition which can be shown from the lower level of land degradation about 0.03-0.08%, environmental carrying capacity also low about 0.002-0.01%, and by average, production of fresh fruit bunch was 25.83 tones/year, (b) farmer’s income about Rp. 45 719 916/year and society income Rp. 16 845 025/year, higher then the minimum regional wage of Riau Province, (c) Socially, education level of the farmer increased significantly which can be equalized into total income up to Rp. 55 000 000/year. Empowerment of farmer group was the best alternative in generating of sustainability oil palm management model. In accordance to the local condition, The PRITAMA scheme model has the highest probability in creating of an harmonies institutional linkage. There were 7 key variables for implementing of the promoted sustainability of oil palm management model, namely, land holding size, land status, land suitability, capital, human resources, institution and government policy. The medium scenario has the highest probability towards sustainability oil palm management model with the conditions for future are land holding size rather decrease, land status fixed, land suitability relative remain, quality of human resources moderate, working capital available, institution rather harmonies and government policy favorable for implementing of the promoted model.
Keyword: Land Degradation, Carrying Capacity, Nucleus Estate Smallholder Oil Palm, Land Suitability

Judul: Trichomonas Gallinae Penyebab Trichomonosis Pada Unggas
Abstrak: Trichomonas gallinae adalah protozoa yang bergerak aktof dengan keempat flagella yang mempunyai layar dan pada salah satu sisinya terdapat membran seperti sirip ikan yang berombak. Spesies dari genus Trichomonas ini mempunyai arti penting pada unggas, karena dapat menyebabkan infeksi pada alat pencernaan bagian atas.
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