Judul: Evaluation of Agronomic Performance and Yield  Sorghum Breeding lines IPB in Bogor
Abstrak: Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) merupakan salah satu tanaman pangan yang berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai tanaman pangan alternatif di Indonesia. Produktivitas sorgum di Indonesia berkisar 2,13 ton ha-1, sedangkan potensi sorgum adalah 4-5 ton ha-1. Peningkatan produktivitas sorgum masih perlu dikembangkan salah satunya dengan pemuliaan tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi keragaan karakter agronomi dan daya hasil pada delapan galur harapan sorgum IPB serta mengidentifikasi galur potensial untuk didaftarkan sebagai varietas unggul baru. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai Juli 2022 di Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo dan Laboratorium Penelitian Pemuliaan Tanaman, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, IPB. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rangkaian kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) faktor tunggal genotipe. Hasil analisis ragam sebelas genotipe sorgum menunjukkan bahwa genotipe berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua karakter yang diamati, kecuali pada karakter kadar air bji. Galur uji A-18- 12-7-5, A-19-18-3-8, B-043-16-5-5, C-248-16-5-3-4 dan C-267-18-18-2-7 memiliki keunggulan pada karakter hasil per hektar., Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is a food crops that has developed as an alternatives food crop in Indonesia. Sorghum productivity in Indonesia is 2,13 ton ha-1, while the potential is 4-5 ton ha-1. Increasing the sorghum productivity still needs to be done one of them by plant breeding. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the performent of agronomic and yield on eight promosing lines of sorghum IPB and identify potential lines to be registered as new superior varieties. The research was conducted from February to July 2022 at the Leuwikopo Experimental Field and Plant Breeding Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University. The experimental design used was a randomized complete block design with a single factor is genotype. The result of analysis of varience (ANOVA) of the eleven sorghum genotype showed that the genotype had a significant effect on all observed character, except for the water content character. Lines A-18-12-7-5, A- 19-18-3-8, B-043-16-5-5, C-248-16-5-3-4 and C-267-18-18-2-7 had an advantage on the character of yield per hectare.
Keyword: multilocation, productivity, sorghum, superior varieties

Judul: Characterization and Seed Production of IPB Superior Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) Lines
Abstrak: Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) merupakan tanaman alternatif yang dapat dijadikan bahan pangan, pakan, dan sumber bioenergi. Ketersediaan benih berkualiatas dan berdaya hasil tinggi menjadi salah satu kendala petani dalam memproduksi tanaman sorgum. Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura IPB telah melakukan upaya pengembangan sorgum melalui persilangan antar varietas unggul. Galur-galur tersebut perlu diketahui kemampuan produksi benih. Karakterisasi juga perlu dilakukan agar mendapatkan informasi mengenai keragaan pada galur-galur tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Muara Bogor, Laboratorium Pemuliaan Tanaman, Laboratorium Mikroteknik, dan Laboratorium Penyimpanan dan Pengujian Mutu Benih Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura IPB. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) dengan faktor tunggal berupa genotipe. Percobaan ini dilakukan sebanyak tiga ulangan, sehingga diperoleh 30 satuan percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan galur-galur sorgum hasil pemuliaan IPB yang diamati pada penelitian ini memiliki keragaman dalam karakter kuantitatif, yaitu tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang daun, lebar daun, waktu berbunga, umur panen, bobot malai basah, panjang malai, diameter malai, panjang cabang malai, bobot brangkasan, bobot biji per malai, bobot 1000 butir, dan produksi benih. Selain itu, galur-galur sorgum hasil pemuliaan IPB memiliki keragaman pada karakter kualitatif, yaitu warna tulang daun, warna putik, panjang putik, panjang bunga bertangkai, warna benang sari kering, kerapatan malai, bentuk malai, kemunculan malai, warna sekam, panjang sekam, warna biji, bentuk biji, dan tekstur endosperma. Berdasarkan hasil analisis gerombol, galur sorgum dan varietas pembanding membentuk 3 kelompok, yaitu. kelompok 1 (Soper 6), kelompok 2 (IPB 6), dan kelompok 3 (Samurai 2, Bioguma 1, NS 19, NS 102, dan NS 109). Galur yang berpotensi didaftarkan adalah galur NS 19, NS 102, dan NS 109., Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is an alternative crop that can be used as food, feed, and bioenergy sources. The availability of quality and highyielding seeds is one of the obstacles for farmers in producing sorghum plants. The Department of Agronomy and Horticulture (IPB) has made efforts to develop sorghum through a breeding program of crosses between superior varieties. These lines need to be evaluated for their seed production capabilities. Moreover, characterization of morphological characters, yield components and yield is also needed to obtain information about the performance of these lines. The research was carried out at the Muara Bogor Experimental Garden, the Plant Breeding Laboratory, the Microtechnic Laboratory, and the Seed Testing and Storage Laboratory of the Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB. The experimental design used was a Randomized Complete Group Design (RKLT) with a single factor in the form of genotype. This experiment was carried out with three replications, so that 30 experimental units were obtained. The research results revealed that sorghum lines had a diversity in quantitative characters, namely plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, flowering age, harvest time, wet panicle weight, panicle length, panicle diameter, panicle branch length, strand weight, seed weight per panicle, weight of 1000 grains, and seed production. Moreover, these sorghum lines show diversity in qualitative characters, namely leaf bone color, pistil color, pistil length, stemmed flower length, dry stamen color,, panicle density, panicle shape, panicle exsertion, husk color, husk length, seed color, seed shape, and type of endosperm.
Keyword: breeding program, diversity, qualitative character, seed availability, varieties

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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