Judul: Authentication of Shark Processed Product using High-Throughput Sequencing Technique
Abstrak: Tingginya permintaan produk hiu di pasaran dapat berakibat pada kelangkaan spesies-spesies hiu tertentu di alam. Autentikasi pada produk-produk olahan hiu diperlukan untuk mendeteksi jenis spesies hiu yang digunakan pada suatu produk. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengidentifikasi spesies hiu langka pada produk hiu olahan yang berasal dari Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat dengan teknik High-Throughput Sequencing. Identifikasi spesies dilakukan dengan pengurutan basa nukleotida dari campuran isolat DNA sampel dengan teknik High-Throughput Sequencing, yang kemudian dilakukan analisis bioinformatika. Hasil identifikasi spesies dari produk olahan sate hiu yang berasal dari Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat terdeteksi menggunakan hiu diantaranya Carcharhinus falciformis yang terdaftar sebagai salah satu jenis hiu dilindungi. Sekuen yang didapatkan memiliki kemiripan tertinggi 99,35% dengan sekuen Carcharhinus falciformis yang terdaat pada GenBank., The high demand for shark products in the market increases the threat of shark species in the wild. Authentication for processed shark products is required in order to detect the shark species used in a product. The aim of this research was to identify threatened shark species in processed shark products originated from Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara using a high-throughput sequencing technique. Species identification was carried out by sequencing from a mixture of DNA isolate samples using the High-Throughput Sequencing technique, which was then carried out by bioinformatics analysis. Species used on satay products originated from Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara was detected as Carcharhinus falciformis that is listed as one of the threatened shark species. The sequence has 99,35% of percent identity with the C. falciformis sequence available in GenBank.
Keyword: Autentikasi, Carcharhinus, High throughput sequencing, Pengurutan basa nukleotida, Produk olahan ikan hiu

Judul: Pemanfaatan Teknik Next Generation  Sequencing untuk Identifikasi Spesies Produk Olahan Ikan Hiu
Abstrak: Penangkapan ikan hiu yang masif dan tak terkontrol menyebabkan hiu rentan terhadap kepunahan. Autentikasi produk olahan ikan hiu menggunakan teknik Next Generation Sequencing perlu dilakukan untuk menganalisis lebih dari satu spesies dari sampel kompleks. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi spesies hiu yang digunakan dalam produk hiu asin dan gulai hiu yang didapat dari daerah Aceh dengan menggunakan teknik Next Generation Sequencing. Proses sekuensing dilakukan dengan menggunakan Next Generation Sequencing dan diverifikasi dengan PCR, diikuti dengan Sanger sequencing. Hasil sekuensing dengan metode Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) terdeteksi empat spesies yaitu Carcharhinus falciformis, Galeocerdo cuvier, Aetomylaeus nichofii, Centrophorus granulosus. Spesies tersebut diverifikasi dengan PCR dan diikuti dengan sanger sekuensing. Mitogenom pada spesies Carcharhinus falciformis memiliki ukuran 16701 bp dan Galeocerdo cuvier memiliki ukuran 16713 bp yang terdiri dari 13 gen penyandi protein, 22 gen tRNA, 2 gen rRNA dan 1 wilayah kontrol atau D-loop. Carcharhinus falciformis dan Aetomylaeus nichofii terdaftar sebagai spesies rentan dalam daftar IUCN red list., Massive and uncontrolled shark fishing make sharks vulnerable to extinction. Authentication of processed shark products using the Next Generation Sequencing technique needed to analyze more than one species from complex samples. This study aimed to identify the shark species in salted shark products and shark curry obtained from Aceh region. The sequencing process was carried out using the Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and verified by the Sanger sequencing. The NGS method detected four species, namely Carcharhinus falciformis, Galeocerdo cuvier, Aetomylaeus nichofii, Centrophorus granulosus in the sample products. These species were verified by Sanger sequencing. The mitogenome of Carcharhinus falciformis has a size of 16701 bp and Galeocerdo cuvier has a size of 16713 bp consisting of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes and 1 control region or D-loop. Carcharhinus falciformis and Aetomylaeus nichofii are listed as a vulnerable species on the IUCN red list.
Keyword: Aceh, sequencing, DNA, mitogenome, high-throughput

Judul: Approximation of the Median of Poisson Distribution Using the Relation of Poisson-Gamma Distribution
Abstrak: A major drawback of median is that median cannot usually be defined in closed form, even in the cases where their distribution functions are known. This study gives an approximation of the closed form for the median of the Poisson distribution by using the relation of Poisson-Gamma distribution. The approximation uses elementary techniques based on the monotonicity of certain sequences involving tail probabilities of the Poisson distribution and the Central Limit Theorem. Furthermore, a closed form expression for the mean absolute deviation 􀜧|􀜰􀰒 􀵆 􀜯􀝁􀝀􁈺􀜰􀰒􁈻| is also studied. The median is relevant because of the fact that it minimizes the mean absolute deviation of a Poisson random variable (􀜰􀰒􁈻 by considering median as central tendency.
Keyword: