Judul: Efficiency Analysis of Beef Supply Chain at Bogor City
Abstrak: Daging sapi merupakan produk unggulan komoditas ternak karena dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat luas. Analisis rantai pasok daging sapi dilakukan dengan analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Analisis kualitatif dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan Food Supply Chain Networking (FSCN) yang terdiri dari analisis sasaran rantai pasok, struktur jaringan rantai pasok, manajemen rantai pasok, sumber daya rantai pasok, dan proses bisnis rantai pasok. Analisis kuantitatif dilakukan untuk mengetahui efisiensi dari rantai pasok dengan menggunakan perhitungan marjin pemasaran dan farmer’s share. Hasil analisis kuantitatif adalah saluran 1 yang beranggotakan peternakan – penggemukan – pedagang besar – pedagang kecil – konsumen merupakan saluran pemasaran paling efisien dengan marjin pemasaran 78% dan farmer’s share 22%. Saluran 5 yang beranggotakan peternakan – penggemukan – pedagang besar – industri pengolahan – pedagang kecil – Hotel, Restoran, dan Katering (Horeka) – konsumen merupakan saluran pemasaran yang paling tidak efisien dengan marjin pemasaran 83% dan farmer’s share 17%. Maka dari itu, untuk mengetahui kondisi rantai pasok lebih lanjut diperlukan observasi langsung dan kordinasi dengan pihak-pihak terkait.
Keyword: Beef, Farmer’s share, FSCN, Marketing margin, Supply chain

Judul: Strategi Pemasaran Daging Sapi Ke Rumah Makan Di Kota Bogor
Abstrak: Food is a fundamental need for human being. Indonesia as the 4th biggest of density population in the world after China, India, and USA surely has highly level of food consumptions. One of them that is mostly important is a beef. A restaurant as business community has higher beef consumption and continuity than household consumption, so that is potential to be a purpose of beef marketing. Bogor city is a region that has economically strategic location near to Jakarta as the capital city, especially in service aspect. Bogor has highly level of food consumption and become the 3rd biggest of its consumption level in West Java with the beef consumption as high as. The trend and life style of its society especially in the cities have a big portion to do work more in their time and energy. So they have a habit to buy food outside home, like restaurant. The number of restaurants in Bogor city has been increasing year after year. In Bogor city, there are many traditional market and has mainly one butchery marketplace (Butchery House) for restaurants beef supply. At the latest year, modern market has been emerging in Bogor. But, the issues of putrescent beef and nubbling beef in traditional market can affect perception of consumers to the beef quality. The information make consumers more aware to the product. The knowledge of consumer perception of the quality is important. It also determine whether buy the product or not. The purpose of this research are to analyze restaurants and the decision making process in buying beef by the restaurants in Bogor city; to analyze perception of restaurants in Bogor city to the beef sold at butchery house, traditional market, and modern market; to arrange product, price, promotion, and distribution of beef to the restaurants in Bogor city. This research held in Bogor city with the respondent are restaurants. The place determination is deliberately determined by the author, considering to potential beef market in Bogor and also its consumption are continuous and high. This research was carried out on April 2008 till July 2008. Sample was put by Convenience Sampling technique that is at represented location and time, and also its availability of respondents. The sample used are 60 samples. Data of this research are primary data (questioner and interview) and secondary data (literatures, magazines, internet, latest research journal, and else). The tools of its analysis are descriptive analysis to describe respondents behavioral and characteristic in buying beef; Spearman Rank test to examine questioners validity; Cronbach Alfa test to examine reliability of the questioner; and Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) to determine respondents perception. This research result that restaurants in Bogor city have some common characteristics, they are Padang Restaurant that have been going on 7 years, had mean of income per month over Rp 10.000.000,- and processed them in rendang. In taking decision process, most of restaurants bought beef in reason by internal stimulus; there are the part of beef, the freshness, and the price. The art of beef that is usually used are fresh beef and the part has
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Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell