Judul: Kesesuaian Habitat dan Perkembangan Populasi Jalak Putih (Sturnus melanopterus Daudin 1800) di Taman Nasional Bali Barat.
Abstrak: Taman Nasional Bali Barat (TNBB) merupakan salah satu tempat penyebaran jalak putih (Sturnus melanopterus Daudin 1800). Terdapat tiga sub spesies yaitu Sturnus melanopterus tertius yang terdapat di daerah Bali, Sturnus melanopterus tricolor di daerah Jawa Timur dan Sturnus melanopterus melanopterus di daerah Jawa Barat dan Madura. Status populasinya adalah Critically Endangered (kritis) pada tahun 2010. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan (1) menganalisis populasi (jumlah individu, nisbah kelamin, dan struktur umur) dan habitat jalak putih di Taman Nasional Bali Barat, (2) menganalisis kesesuaian habitat jalak putih. Pengamatan populasi menggunakan metode transek dan concentration count sedangkan data habitat diambil dengan analisis vegetasi. Kesesuaian habitat dianalisis dengan Principle Component Analysis (PCA). Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan didapatkan pendugaan populasi sebanyak 35 individu dengan nisbah kelamin 1:1 dan struktur umur seluruh individu adalah dewasa. Habitat utama dari jalak putih adalah savana dengan fungsinya sebagai tempat makan, minum, shelter, dan cover. Variabel yang membentuk model kesesuaian habitat jalak putih yaitu ketinggian tempat, kemiringan lereng, jarak dari jalan, jarak dari pemukiman, cover, dan pakan dengan 86.951% yang mewakili seluruh varian.
Keyword: jalak putih, kesesuaian habitat, PCA, populasi, Taman Nasional Bali Barat

Judul: Populasi, Habitat dan Perilaku Jalak Putih (Sturnus melonepterus Daudin 1800) di Savana Bekol Taman Nasional Baluran
Abstrak: Jalak putih yang terdapat di Taman Nasional Baluran termasuk subspesies Sturnus melanopterus tricolor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi dan menghitung pendugaan populasi, mengkaji kondisi habitat alami jalak putih serta mendiskripsikan perilaku jalak putih untuk dasar pertimbangan pengelolaan di Taman Nasional Baluran. Pendugaan populasi dilakukan dengan metode concentration count, kondisi habitat jalak putih menggunakan metode analisis vegetasi, sedangkan perilaku jalak putih diamati dengan metode focal animal sampling. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan pendugaan populasi jalak putih pada pagi hari (3 ± 2.7) individu dan sore hari (6 ± 3.1) individu. Perjumpaan maksimum jalak putih adalah 12 individu. Habitat yang sering digunakan jalak putih di Taman Nasional Baluran yaitu Savana Bekol, sebagai tempat mencari serangga, tempat minum dan tempat istirahat. Perilaku yang mendominasi selama pengamatan yaitu perilaku makan (62.50%), istirahat (15.63%) dan berkelompok (10.42%).
Keyword: Habitat, jalak putih, perilaku, populasi, Savana Bekol

Judul: Resonance technique HHO generator for internal combustion engine
Abstrak: Application of HHO gas as fuel had been generaly used. Though there was still controversy regarding its efficiency and efectiveness . In this research, hydrogen that hopefully could become an alternative renewable energy was produced by the electrolysis process. HHO was the mixture of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas that was formed in HHO dry generator. In HHO cell (dry) generator contained 10 cells, and each cell required 2.4 voltage. Furthermore, resonance DC application was evaluated to gain the better electrolysis efficiency. The test was held by using 2 level of electrolyte consentration, 0.178 M KOH and 0.446 M KOH. Each concentration was tested by 3 size of inductors, 8uH, 40uH, and 100uH. Not only single frequency was used, but modulatedfrequency was used also as well. In order to measure the improvement of resonance techinique application, specific energy was compared between using resonance technique and conventionaltechnique.Specific energy was calculated between output (mass of hydrogen) and input energy (watt hour). In this test,input of specific energy was measured in two condition:energy from the source (total) and energy in HHO generator only. From the test, it could be concluded that modulated frequency, by using40 Hz and 2405 Hz frequency, 100uH inductor, and 0.446 M OH, only 61% of total specific energy that was used in HHO generator. It needed23.91 watt hour energy (total) to produce 1 gram of hydrogen gas.On the other hand, the worst performance was happened in single frequency, 11270Hz, 8uH of inductor, and 0.178 KOH, where the loss of specific energy was 82%. The conventional technique only loosed about 0.5% of specific energy in 0.178 KOH needed 51.37watt hour to provide one gram of hydrogen. The loss was happened due to the excess of current that was converted into head in MOSFET. Hopefully the further research will be held again by using wet type of HHO generator because dry generator did not have fixed capacity value and it maked difficulty for calculating the perfect resonance condition.
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