Judul: Perhitungan Ekonomi Kejadian Campylobacteriosis pada Peternakan Ayam Broiler dengan Pengobatan Menggunakan Antibiotika (Studi Eksperimental)
Abstrak: Economic losses due to the incidence of the disease was important to know, especially for bacterial infection that the clinical symptoms not seem like Campylobacter. This study was aimed to quantify and determine the economic losses due to campylobacteriosis in poultry through experimental studies, as well as knowing the type of antibiotic that effectively overcome the incidence of campylobacteriosis. A total of 130 chicken were divided into 13 flock and get a different treatment (a) treatment group include 10 flock and each flock content of 10 chicken; (b) positive control group include 2 flock and each flock content of 2 chicken; (c) negative control group include 1 flock that content 10 chicken. The treatment that given include infection of C. jejuni from Kudus and Demak each 5 flock; and treatment with antibiotic ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and amoxicillin. The economic count through multiply the different of feed conversion rate (FCR) from control (-) and FCR from the other groups with cost of feed. Body weight and body weight gain in the control (+) lower than the control (-). FCR values of Kudus greater (1.46) than Demak (1.19). In the group of chicken infected C. jejuni from Kudus, additional feed costs incurred to form 1 kg of body weight in the control (+) is IDR 2 560.43, while the group treated with amoxicillin only IDR 250.81. In the group of chicken infected C. jejuni from Demak, additional feed costs incurred to form 1 kg of body weight in the control (+) is IDR 988.92, while the erythromycin-treated group only IDR 408.38. Amoxicillin was most beneficial for treating infections C. jejuni from Kudus. Erythromycin was most beneficial for treating infections C. jejuni from Demak.
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Judul: Prevalensi campylobacter jejuni pada karkas ayam dan pengembangan uji deteksinya
Abstrak: Chicken meat and eggs are the main source of animal protein in Indonesia because they are relative cheaper than cattle products. Campylobacter jejuni is a foodborne zoonotic pathogen predominantly found in chicken carcasses. C. jejuni causes gastroenteritis in humans, had a very low infectious dose that is easy to cause infection in humans. The study was aimed to (1) rapidly detect C. jejuni contamination in chicken carcass (2) determine the prevalence of contamination and quantitative analyse of the risk of thermophilic Campylobacter sp. when mishandling consume. (3) produce immune sera against the local isolates that can be used as a reagent for ELISA. A total of 298 chicken carcass samples sold in modern and traditional markets in the area of Jakarta, West Java (Bogor and Sukabumi) and Central Java (Kudus and Demak) were collected and attempted for isolation following ISO/ DIS 10272-1994 protocol, identification using biochemical API Campy, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using hipO, glyA, fla, and 23S rRNA primer sets for species identification. The result is chicken carcasses sold in the sampling area both traditional markets and supermarkets are contaminated with C. jejuni and C. coli. Prevalence of Campylobacter sp. contamination on chicken carcasses was isolated by conventional (19.8%) and PCR (41.6%). The contamination rate of Campylobacter sp. on chicken carcasses sold in supermarkets, markedly 14.09% is higher than in traditional markets 5.70%. It is also confirmed that the prevalence for contamination of C. jejuni was higher than C. coli. Prevalence of C. jejuni contamination that sold in traditional markets 88.23% was higher than C. coli 11.76%. The prevalence of C. jejuni contamination in carcasses sold in swalayan was 78.57%. These were higher than contamination of C. coli that was identified by conventional methods 21.42%. Flagella and whole cell antigen purification from a local isolate of C. jejuni (C1) was done by glycine extraction and produced flagellar protein of 31 kDa. Animal immunization against flagellar protein extract induced higher specific antibody titers in chicken than rabbits and sheep. A probability model describing variability but not uncertainty was developed in beta-poisson model. The result is microorganism reduction 2 log cfu/gram and the output sof the model was the probability of illness per handling if the roasted chicken mishandled is 4 for 1 000 humans.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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