Judul: Peran Perempuan dalam Pengelolaan Hutan Bersama Masyarakat (Studi Kasus di Desa Bareng, RPH Alasgung, BKPH Bareng, KPH Bojonegoro Perum Perhutani Unit II Jawa Timur)
Abstrak: Forest management needs participation of the community both of the men and women groups, however there is frequent opinion which regard women to serve normally only as housewives. Through program Collaborative Forest Management (PHBM) then women opportunity to obtain gender equality, more open. Gender equality is a condition where portions and cycle social both of women and men equivalent, matching, balanced and harmonious, this condition can be realized when there is fair treatment between women and men. The objectives of this research were to learn the women’s perception on forest management and implementation PHBM on Bareng village through analysis on women’s attendance in PHBM activity, working time allocation of women in PHBM activity, contribution of household income and decision-making in the household. Target of this research was households of Forest Farmer Group (KTH) who participate at PHBM in Bareng Village.Variables studied in this research were women’s perception on PHBM, women attendance in PHBM, working time allocation, contribution of household income, and decision-making in the household. Research results showed the majority of women’s have a good perception on PHBM and PHBM activity with the percentage of each 93.33% and 63.33%. The Majority of women have moderated rate attendece in the whole PHBM activity (46,67%). Avarage working time allocation of women in PHBM activity was about 20,5 man-days per month and average contribution of women to household income was 1.014.000 per year (9,68%). In decision making in the field of PHBM, 93.34% of the respondents are in a class of low value. The majority of decisions are made by men. Results of Rank Spearman test showed that women perception had been proven to be correlated significantly with avarage working time allocation of women in PHBM.
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Judul: Peran Perempuan dalam Kegiatan Pengelolaan Hutan Bersama Masyarakat (Studi Kasus RPH Tanjungkerta BKPH Tampomas KPH Sumedang Perum Perhutani Unit III Jawa Barat dan Banten)
Abstrak: INTRODU CTI ON. Forest management reqlll·res partI·C·ipa·tio n 0 f1tI e commuru.t y, bOill O ftl l e men g- ~ ::cr:::l @-and women groups. However, there is frequent opinion which regard women to serve nonnaHy :::l c ::cr 0 :::l 3 :::l ~ g '9.only as h usewives. Through program of Collaborative Forest Management (PHBM), the 3 f ~ ~ ~pport f women to obtain gender equality, becomes greater. The objectives of this research ~ ~ § 2 g.were to leatn the women's perception on forest management and implementation ofPHBM; and to g ~. ~ ~ ~learn the ~'omen's role in PHBM in RPH Tanjungkerta BKPH Tampomas KPH Sumedang g. ~ [~ ~through <Wruysis on women participation in PHBM activity, job ceiling and working time n; g 9; ~ g-allocation60f women in PHBM activity. and ,,,omen's contribution to household income and 0'" I.C ::cr =- :::l ' g ~ g ::: I.C decision li!king. ,)".fl. ~ ~. - :::lQII>8' " ~ ~ ~ ~ METHO~ Target of tIlis study was households of Forest Fanner Group (KTH) who participate is g 3 in PHB1vbn RPH Tanjungkerta BKPH Tampomas KPH Sumedang, Variables studied in this ~ ~ ~ research \~re women's perception on PHBM. women's participation in PHBM, working time ~ ~ g allocation~and contribution of women to household income and household decision making. ~ ~ 2" .... ~ 0 3 Primary d~a were obtained through field observation and interview, whereas secondary data were o:::l::cr A> .... ~ 0 obtained IJl,)ll1 literatures and documents collection from relevant institutions. Data were presented £. ... :::l QI ;;;. ~ g- in table fram and analyzed with Rank-Spearman Correlation Test. :1' = :::l Qi' C. ~. 3 :::l ~ ~ ~ RESULT~ AND DISCUSSION. Research results showed that 53.33 % of women in RPH 3 -g ~ TanjungklC-ta had very good perception on forest management including PHBM. The majority of 0'" :::l C 'd' g...:. ~~:oa: women h~e moderated participation in the whole PHBM activity, both of the women who owned E- §:: land (65,96 %) and women who did not own land (61.54 %). Average working time allocation of c 0 C '0 :::l 3 women in PHBM activity was about 18,19 man-days per month, in non PHBM activity was about c 0'0'" '§0 'o0 :"II>l 7.88 man-days per month, and 4.70 hours per day in domestic activities. For women who owned .... o:::l '0 o a land, average contribution of women to household income was Rp 1 241 702. 13 per year (37.40 ? '0 %). whereas that for women who did not own land was Rp 1 187307,69 per year (46.41 %). In the II> ~ household decision making. women had made decision equally with that of men concerning is' domestic activity (95.00%) and post production activity (80%). On the other hand, decision :::l ::cr making on production activity was made by the husb,md himself (95 %). Results of Rank E~' Speannan lest showed that women perception had been proven to be correlated significantly with g. women's~tribution to household income and working time
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Judul: Infeksi leucocytozoon Smithi (Laveran dan Lucet, 1905) pada kalkun
Abstrak: Leucocytozoon smithi adalah parasit darah yang menyebabkan leucocytozoonosis pada kalkun, dan termasuk dalam genus Leucocytozoon yang perkembangan skizogoninya terja- di dalam sel-sel endotel dan sel-sel parenkhim hati, jan- tung, ginjal dan organ-organ lain dari unggas. Genus ini menghasilkan skizon yang besar. Gametogoninya terjadi di dalam sel-sel darah dan sel yang terinfeksi dapat berubah bentuk dan mengambil bentuk kumparan. Parasit ini tidak menghasilkan pigmen dan ditularkan oleh lalat penghisap darah dari genus Simulium. Infeksi kalkun terjadi pada saat sporozoit masuk ke dalam peredaran darah dan selanjutnya masuk ke dalam sel- sel parenkhim hati. Siklus hidupnya mirip dengan siklus hidup L. simondi seperti yang diuraikan di bawah ini. Skizogoni yang terjadi di dalam hati menghasilkan skizon hepatik. Skizon hepatik dewasa menghasilkan merozoit dan sinsitia. Merozoit dari skizon hepatik memasuki eritroblas dan eritrosit dan membentuk gametosit bulat, sedangkan sinsitianya dapat masuk ke dalam sel-sel RES dan kemudian membentuk megaloskizon. Megaloskizon dewasa menghasilkan merozoit yang kemudian masuk ke dalam limfosit dan leukosit lain membentuk gametosit memanjang. Gametositgametosit ini akan menjadi makrogametosit dan mikrogametosit. Perkembangan parasit dalam tubuh vektor (Simulium), segera dimulai setelah vektor menghisap darah kalkun yang mengandung gametosit ini. Dalam tubuh vektor ini akan ter- jadi pembuahan makrogamet oleh mikrogamet (tahap gametogoni). Dari pembuahan ini dihasilkan zigot yang bergerak (ookinet). Ookinet akan masuk dinding usus vektor untuk memulai tahap sporogoni yang menghasilkan sporozoit. Sporozoit ini akan menuju ke kelenjar ludah dan dari sini dapat dipindahkan lagi ke tubuh kalkun pada saat vektor menghisap darah. Vektor untuk L. smithi adalah S. occidentale, S. nigroparvum, S. slossonae, S. nigritarse. L. smithi berbahaya, terutama bagi kalkun-kalkun muda. Mortalitasnya dapat mencapai 90 persen. Gejala klinis yang ditimbulkannya antara lain anorexia, lemas dan cenderung untuk duduk, kekurusan dan kelemahan, sesak nafas dan in- koordinasi dan terjungkal terlihat pada stadium akhir dan selanjutnya kalkun mengalami coma kemudian mati…dst
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