Judul: Superovulatory Responses Comparison of In Vivo Embryo Production in BALB/c, C57BL/6, and DDY Mice
Abstrak: Superovulasi merupakan prosedur pemberian hormon gonadotropin pada hewan betina dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan jumlah folikel yang berkembang. Galur mencit dianggap sebagai salah satu faktor penentu keberhasilan serta efisiensi dari superovulasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi responsivitas mencit terhadap prosedur superovulasi berdasarkan jumlah rata-rata embrio yang dihasilkan dengan hormon pregnant mare’s serum gonadotropin (PMSG) dan human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) pada mencit dari galur BALB/c, C57BL/6, dan DDY. Mencit disuperovulasikan menggunakan PMSG 5 IU dan hCG 5 IU dan jumlah embrio dibandingkan. Responsivitas superovulasi menunjukkan bahwa persentase keberhasilan untuk masing-masing galur adalah 86% untuk BALB/c, 55% untuk C57BL/6, dan 54% untuk DDY. Jumlah rata-rata embrio tidak berbeda secara signifikan pada ketiga galur. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa mencit galur BALB/c lebih responsif terhadap prosedur superovulasi dibandingkan dengan galur C57BL/6 dan DDY, tetapi jumlah rata-rata embrio yang dihasilkan oleh masing-masing galur mencit yang responsif tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan., Superovulation is a procedure of administering gonadotropin hormones to female animals with the aim of increasing the number of follicles that develop. Mouse strain is considered to be one of the determining factors for the success and efficiency of superovulation. This study aims to determine the responsiveness of mice to the superovulation procedure based on the average number of embryos produced with the pregnant mare’s serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) hormones in mice from the BALB/c, C57BL/6 and DDY strains. Mice were superovulated using 5 IU PMSG and 5 IU hCG and the number of embryos collected was compared. Superovulation responsiveness showed a success rate of 86% for BALB/c, 55% for C57BL/6, and 54% for DDY. The average number of embryos did not differ significantly in all three strains. It can be concluded that the BALB/c mice is more responsive to superovulation compared to the C57BL/6 and DDY mice, but the average number of embryos produced by each responsive mouse strain does not have a significant difference.
Keyword: Embrio, mencit, superovulasi, galur, responsivitas

Judul: Produksi Embrio pada Berbagai Fase Estrus Mencit setelah Penyuntikan Kombinasi PMSG-hCG dan r-hFSH – r-hCG.
Abstrak: Perkembangan teknologi rekayasa genetika menghasilkan suatu inovasi sediaan hormonal gonadotropin rekombinan yang dapat diaplikasikan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi reproduksi yang bermanfaat di masa mendatang. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari dan mengidentifikasi efektivitas respons stimulasi superovulasi pemberian sediaan hormon gonadotropin eksogen (PMSG/Folligon® dan hCG/Chorulon®) dengan hormon rekombinan (r-FSH:r-LH/Pergoveris® dan r-hCG/Ovidrel®) terhadap tahap perkembangan embrio di fase siklus estrus yang optimal pada produksi embrio secara in vivo pada mencit (Mus musculus). Hewan coba yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah mencit betina dan jantan yang telah diaklimatisasi selama 2 minggu. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada dua kelompok perlakuan. Pada kelompok pertama diberikan sediaan kombinasi Folligon® dan Chorulon® dan kelompok kedua diberikan sediaan kombinasi Pergoveris® dan Ovidrel®. Untuk mengetahui fase estrus pada mencit, masing-masing kelompok perlakuan dilakukan pemeriksaan ulas vagina. Seluruh kelompok perlakuan diinjeksi Folligon®-Chorulon® dan Pergoveris®-Ovidrel® secara intraperitoneal. Perkawinan mencit dilakukan setelah penyuntikan Chorulon® atau Ovidrel®. Koleksi embrio dilakukan pada hari ke-3 setelah dikawinkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata jumlah ovulasi embrio mencit pada setiap fase siklus estrus tidak berpengaruh nyata. Respon stimulasi superovulasi yang optimal cenderung terdapat pada mencit yang distimulasi menggunakan hormon kombinasi Pergoveris® dan Ovidrel® pada fase estrus., The development of genetic engineering technology has resulted in an innovation of recombinant gonadotropin hormonal preparations that can be applied to increase reproductive efficiency which is beneficial in the future. This study aims to study and identify the effectiveness of the superovulation stimulation response by administering exogenous gonadotropin hormones (PMSG/Folligon® and hCG/Chorulon®) with recombinant hormones (r-FSH:r-LH/Pergoveris® and r-hCG/Ovidrel®) on the stages of embryo development in the optimal estrus cycle in embryo production in vivo in mice (Mus musculus). The experimental animals used in this study were female and male mice that had been acclimatized for 2 weeks. This research was conducted in two treatment groups. The first group was given a combination of Folligon® and Chorulon® and the second group was given a combination of Pergoveris® and Ovidrel®. To determine the estrus phase in mice, each treatment group was examined by vaginal smear. All treatment groups were injected intraperitoneally with Folligon®-Chorulon® and Pergoveris®-Ovidrel®. The mating of mice was carried out after injection of Chorulon® or Ovidrel®. Embryo collection was carried out on the 3rd day after the mating. The results showed that the average number of ovulations of mouse embryos in each phase of the estrous cycle had no significant effect. Optimal superovulation stimulation responses tend to occur in mice stimulated using a combination of Pergoveris® and Ovidrel® hormones during the estrous phase.
Keyword: mice, Folligon®-Chorulon®, Pergoveris®-Ovidrel®, superovulation

Judul: Formulasi TSP (Traveling Salesman Problem) menggunakan ILP (Integer Linear Programming)
Abstrak: TSP is a journey of salesman f?om his origin town (place) to visit n-cities (places) only at once, then return to his origin town (place) with a minimum total distance. Its purpose is to minimize the operating expense that is released by the company. Vehicle route at TSP in the form of a Hamiltonian cycle, that is closed path containing all nodes at the graph which representing a network walk. Its problem is to determine a journey route which is feasible (possibly can be passed by) in such a way the vehicle travelled distance passed the route is minimum.
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