Judul: Kajian Teknik Pemeliharaan dan Pertumbuhan Kura-kura di PT Mega Citrindo Parung - Bogor
Abstrak: Turtle has used by humans for food, medicine, education and pets. PT Mega Citrindo has used turtle for export as pets. This study aimed to assess the handling of turtle that has been carried out by PT Mega Citrindo. In addition, measure the growth rate of pig nose turtle (Carettochelys insculpta) and morphometry of the siebenrocki snake-necked turtle (Chelodina siebenrocki), parker’s snake-necked turtle (Chelodina parkeri) and reimann's snake-necked turtle (Chelodina reimanni). Data collected include data handling, growth and morphometry turtles. The types of handling data consisting of the cage, food, health, eggs and chicks, as well as utilization of the results. Data of growth include weight, length and width of the carapace pig nose turle (Carettochelys insculpta). While data of morphometric measurements taken on the carapace and plastron puck. The method used in this research is the field observations, interviews and literature. Field observations were used to obtain primary data. Interviews were conducted the officers and owners of captive breeding. While the literature study conducted on the technical aspects of breeding, growth and morphometry turtles. Then the data were analyzed by compiling the data in the form of tables and figures, so it can be concluded. Turtles can be kept in a plastic box and a permanent enclosure in accordance with the purpose of handling. This cage is cleaned every day or every other day to clean the cages of the remaining food and dirt. Type of feed given in the form of fruits and meat. Disease found on a turtle that is attacked by worms and fungi. The turtle is used have characteristics that is healthy and not disabled. The turtle packed with using cloth bags, plastic boxes and sectional. This company has been providing live animals are kept. The growth rate of pig nose turtle (Carettochelys insculpta) weight is 4,83 gram/month. The growth rate of length and width carapace are 1,2 mm/month and 1,3 mm/month. This is caused by environmental factors such as food, space and health. Siebenrocki snake-necked turtle (Chelodina siebenrocki), parker’s snake-necked turtle (Chelodina parkeri) and reimann's snake-necked turtle (Chelodina reimanni) can be distinguished by looking at the complexion of the head. Key features of this body can help in handling, breeding and utilization of results. Percentage length of the long neck turtle carapace type reimann's snake-necked turtle smaller than siebenrocki and parker’s snake-necked turtle. The male turtle have longer tail than female turtle.
Keyword: 

Judul: Trading System and Estimating Illegal Trade Volume of Pig-nosed Turtles (Carettochelys insculpta Ramsay 1886)
Abstrak: Praktik perdagangan ilegal satwa liar menyebabkan kerugian secara ekologi dan ekonomi bagi negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi alur tata niaga, karakteristik pelaku, dan menduga volume serta nilai perdagangan kura-kura moncong babi. Metode pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dengan pihak KLHK, BKSDA, dan bea cukai. Data transaksi perdagangan pada tahun 2016-2020 diperoleh dari putusan pengadilan negeri dan penelitian terdahulu yang dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat empat alur tata niaga yaitu harvester directly to consumer, market space restricted, gatekeeper, dan redundant channels. Peran pelaku perdagangan sebanyak 20 orang yang terdiri dari satu pemburu, 18 perantara, dan satu konsumen. Pendugaan volume perdagangan ilegal kura-kura moncong babi pada tahun 2016-2020 sebanyak 19.064 ekor dari 16 transaksi perdagangan. Total nilai perdagangan kura-kura moncong babi pada tahun 2016-2020 sebesar Rp492.530.000,00 – Rp493.780.000,00., The practice of illegal wildlife trade causes ecological and economic losses for the country. This study aims to identify the flow of the trade system, the characteristics of the actors, estimate the volume and value of trade in pig-nosed turtles. The method of collecting data is through interviews with the KLHK, BKSDA, and custom duty. Trade transaction data in 2016-2020 were obtained from district court decisions and previous research which were analyzed descriptively qualitatively and quantitatively. The results of the study show that there are four channels of illegal trade, harvester directly to consumer, market space restricted, gatekeeper, and redundant channels. The role of the trader is 20 people consisting of one harvester, 18 intermediaries, and one consumer. The estimated volume of illegal trade in pig-nosed turtles in 2016-2020 was 19,064 from 16 trade transactions. The total trade value of pig-nosed turtles in 2016-2020 is Rp.492,530,000.00 – Rp.493,780,000.00.
Keyword: illegal, pig-nosed turtle, trade, wildlife

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
Keyword: