Judul: Kajian Hubungan Arsitektur Pohon dan Kehadiran Burung di Kampus IPB Dramaga Bogor
Abstrak: Trees play a major role for creating the landscape characteristic and also functions as a habitat for many birds. Trees has characteristic created by canopy and branches shape that differ each other. The research goals were to analyze the tree diversity based on its architecture, bird species richness, trees usage level by birds, and the influence given by tree architecture to bird presence. This research was conducted by divide IPB Dramaga campus into observation plots by size 300m x 300m. Then each plot was observed the trees physic include its canopy, branches, leaf size, flower and fruit existance and birds presence on the selected trees. In this research gained 99 sample trees that divided into 24 observation plots with 27 species of birds on the sample trees. From the result of analysis seen that parameter of the trees that influence bird presence are branches shape and flower existance, with model Y = 0,566 + 2,777 X1 + 2,543 X2. From the reference and research result we knew that bird most prefered tree with vertical branch and have flower on it. From this research result also recommended some tree species that can attract more birds.
Keyword: trees, tree preference, observation plots, birds habitat

Judul: Interaction of Bird-Communities with Epiphytic Plants at IPB Dramaga Campus
Abstrak: Epifit memiliki pengaruh langsung maupun tidak langsung terhadap ekosistem di sekitarnya. Kehadiran epifit dapat meningkatkan kompleksitas habitat secara vertikal serta memberikan dampak positif bagi hewan, termasuk burung. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi epifit, pohon inang, dan burung, serta menganalisis hubungan antara komposisi epifit dan pohon inang dengan keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan burung. Penelitian dilakukan di tujuh lokasi di Kampus IPB Dramaga dari Desember 2022 hingga Mei 2023. Data biotik seperti jumlah dan jenis epifit, pohon inang, dan burung, serta data abiotik seperti suhu dan kelembapan dikumpulkan di setiap lokasi. Data dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak PAST untuk mendapatkan indeks keanekaragaman dan R untuk melihat korelasi antara burung dengan epifit. Hasil analisis menunjukkan adanya korelasi positif yang signifikan antara jenis epifit dan pohon inang dengan jenis burung. Taman Inovasi-Taman Konservasi dan Taman Hutan Kampus-Biofarmaka merupakan lokasi dengan keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan pohon, epifit, dan burung tertinggi. Lokasi yang memiliki keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan epifit yang tinggi memiliki suhu yang cenderung lebih rendah. Pycnonotus aurigaster, Aegithina tiphia, Sitta frontalis, dan Dicaeum trochileum adalah jenis burung yang memanfaatkan epifit. Keempat jenis tersebut memanfaatkan epifit Asplenium sp. dengan mencari pakan berupa invertebrata di sekitarnya., Epiphytes have direct or indirect influence on surrounding ecosystems. The presence of epiphytes can increase habitat complexity vertically and have a positive impact on animals, including birds. The objectives of this study were to identify species of epiphytes, host trees, and birds and to analyze the relationship between the composition of epiphytes, host trees, and bird diversity and abundance. The research was conducted at seven locations on IPB Dramaga Campus from December 2022 to May 2023. Biotic data, such as the number and type of epiphytes, host trees, and birds, and abiotic data, such as temperature and humidity were collected at each location. Data were analyzed using PAST to examine the diversity indices and used R to look correlation between birds and epiphytes. The analysis showed a significant positive correlation between the species of epiphytes and host trees with bird species. Taman Inovasi-Taman Konservasi and Taman Hutan Kampus-Biofarmaka have the highest diversity and abundance of trees, epiphytes, and birds. Locations with high diversity and abundance of epiphytes tend to have lower temperatures. Pycnonotus aurigaster, Aegithina tiphia, Sitta frontalis, and Dicaeum trochileum are bird species that utilize epiphytes. These four species use Asplenium sp. epiphytes by looking for invertebrates as food around them.
Keyword: Asplenium sp., insektivora, interaksi burung-epifit, Asplenium sp., bird-epiphyte interaction, insectivore

Judul: Demulsification process with salt, acid, surfactant and commercial demulsifier to accelerate emulsion wastewater treatment
Abstrak: One solution to overcome the problems of wastewater emulsion is demulsification process. The basic principle of this process is the separation of water and oil contained in emulsion wastewater using demulsifier, a chemical that serves as an emulsion breaker. This study aims to compare and find the best demulsification process and quickly using various types of demulsifier in the emulsion Oil in Water (O/W). From the results of initial tests on samples of emulsion wastewater used oil and used cooking oil known salt as the best demulsifier in separating oil and emulsions in the 5th minute because it showed significantly different results (α = 0.05). Also, it has neutral pH, the smallest turbidity, as well as color and water quality of the samples tested to be more clear with a little foam. The best salt for emulsion wastewater used oil is NaCl, whereas for emulsion wastewater used cooking oil is CaCl2. Testing continued in order to obtain the best concentration (0,02 M; 0,03 M; 0,05 M) of both types of salt is related to its ability to demulsification process. The test results of the election of the best concentration of demulsifier selected shows that all concentrations gave similar results in separating oil and emulsions in the 5th minute of emulsion wastewater used oil and cooking oil. However, the results of other tests (pH, turbidity, and salinity) showed 0,02 M NaCl concentration gave the best results for used oil. Its pH values 6, the smallest turbidity and salinity 81,5 FTU and 1700 ppm. The emulsion wastewater used cooking oil also showed that the 0,02 M CaCl2 concentration gave the best result. Its pH value 5 with the smallest turbidity and salinity 78 FTU and 2800 ppm.
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