Judul: Analysus Hotspot and Rainfall in Bombana District, Southeast Sulawesi Province
Abstrak: Kebakaran hutan dan lahan di Indonesia mulai sering terjadi di Indonesia bagian timur seperti Sulawesi Tenggara. Kabupaten Bombana merupakan salah satu wilayah di Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara yang memiliki jumlah hotspot tertinggi dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pola sebaran hotspot dan hubungannya dengan curah hujan pada periode 2012 – 2021 di Kabupaten Bombana, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Sumber yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data hotspot yang bersumber dari citra satelit MODIS Terra/Aqua dan data curah hujan yang di peroleh dari NASA Langley Reseacrh Center (LaRC) Power yang dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah titik panas (hotspot) dan curah hujan di Kabupaten Bombana periode 2012 – 2021 bersifat fluktuatif. Puncak hotspot tertinggi terjadi pada tahun 2015 dengan jumlah 343 titik. Hubungan antara hotspot dengan curah hujan memiliki korelasi yang signifikan, dimana curah hujan pada tahun 2012 – 2021 memiliki pengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah hotspot sebesar 64%.
Keyword: Curah hujan, hotspot, Kabupaten Bombana, kebakaran hutan dan lahan

Judul: Hotspot and Rainfall Analysis Period in Mappi District, South Papua Province
Abstrak: Kabupaten Mappi merupakan salah satu wilayah di Provinsi Papua Selatan yang memiliki jumlah hotspot tertinggi setelah Merauke dalam satu dekade terakhir. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis pola sebaran hotspot dan keterkaitannya dengan curah hujan pada periode 2012-2021 di Kabupaten Mappi, Provinsi Papua Selatan. Sumber yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah data hotspot dari citra satelit MODIS Terra/Aqua dan data curah hujan dari NASA LaRC Power yang dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya fluktuatif jumlah hotspot pada rentang tahun 2012-2021 dan puncak hotspot terjadi pada tahun 2015. Jumlah hotspot pada rentang tahun tersebut adalah 3879 titik. Sebanyak 1415 titik (36,48%) tersebar pada lahan gambut dan 2464 titik (63,52%) pada lahan mineral. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara hotspot dengan curah hujan memiliki nilai p-value 0,006, artinya p-value < 0,05 menunjukkan korelasi keduanya berpengaruh secara signifikan., Mappi Regency is one of the areas in South Papua Province which has the highest number of hotspots after Merauke in the last decade. The research aims to analyze the pattern of hotspot distribution and its relationship to rainfall in the 2012-2021 period in Mappi District, South Papua Province. The sources used in this study were hotspot data from the MODIS Terra/Aqua satellite imagery and rainfall data from NASA LaRC Power which were analyzed using descriptive analysis and regression analysis. The results showed that there was a fluctuation in the number of hotspots in the 2012-2021 range and the peak of hotspots occurred in 2015. The number of hotspots in that year range was 3879 points. A total of 1415 points (36,48%) are spread on peat land and 2464 points (63,52%) on mineral land. The results of the regression analysis show that the relationship between hotspots and rainfall has a p-value of 0,006, meaning that the p-value is < 0,05 which indicates that the correlation between the two has a significant effect.
Keyword: forest and land fires, hotspot, Mappi District, rainfall

Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
Keyword: