Judul: Kinerja Imunitas Udang Vaname Litopenaeus Vannamei Dalam Teknologi Bioflok dan Probiotik Terhadap Koinfeksi Infectious Myonecrosis Virus dan Vibrio harveyi
Abstrak: This study aims to evaluate immune performance of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in BFT system, with probiotic addition. There were 3 treatments in this study, which are probiotic addition (Pro), biofloc system (BFT), and biofloc system with probiotic addition (Pro+BFT), and also controls (positive and negative). Pacific white shrimp with an average body weight of 0.48 ± 0.03 g was stocked at a density of 25 shrimps/tank and cultured for 42 days. Challenge test with coinfection of Infectious Myonecrosis Virus and pathogenic Vibrio harveyi, were given after the culture periode, shrimp mortality was observed for 10 days. The results showed increasing of total haemocyte count (THC), phenoloxydase (PO) dan respiratory burst (RB) on Pro+BFT, which indicate the increase of immune system of the shrimp. The survival after challenge test on Pro+BFT treatment was 75%, which is significantly higher than positive control and other treatments.
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Judul: Pemberian prebiotik, probiotik, dan sinbiotik untuk pengendalian ko-infeksi bakteri Vibrio harveyi dan IMNV (Infectious Myonecrosis Virus) pada udang vaname Litopenaeus vanname
Abstrak: This study aimed to examine the influence of prebiotic, probiotic, and sinbiotic against survival and immune response of white shrimp challenged with coinfection of Vibrio harveyi and the IMNV virus. Shrimp that with a body weigth of 2,04±0.20 g/animal, was kept at 20 shrimps per aquarium with size 60 x 30 x 35 cm. The study was conducted with five treatments consisted of K (+) (without the addition of prebiotic, probiotic and sinbiotic with co-infection), K (-) (without the addition of prebiotic, probiotic and sinbiotic and without co-infection), P1 (the addition of prebiotik with co-infection), P2 (the addition of probiotic with coinfection), and P3 (the addition of sinbiotik with co-infection). The results showed that prebiotic, probiotic and sinbiotic treatment have better influence than the K (+) treatment. The survival of prebiotic, probiotic, and sinbiotic treatment were higher (70,83%-79,17%) than K(+) treatment (50,00%) and a better immune response were also observed.
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Judul: Kegiatan merencana dan melaksana dalam arsitektura landsekap
Abstrak: Permasalahan yang timbul dalam abad modern sekarang ini sering disebabkan oleh tingginya laju pertambahan penduduk di suatu negara. Di negara yang sedang berkembang laju pertambahan penduduknya justru lebih rendah jika dibandingkan dengan negara-negara maju. Data dari USDA (1975) dalam Khumaidi (1980) menunjukkan bahwa laju pertambahan penduduk di negara sedang berkembang sebesar 2.5% per tahun, sedangkan di negara maju hanya mencapai 1% per tahun. Dengan demikian jelas bahwa permasalahan yang timbul akibat pertambahan penduduk lebih sering dirasakan di negara-negara yang sedang berkembang. Pesatnya pertambahan jumlah penduduk selain menimbulkan masalah ketenagakerjaan juga telah mengakibatkan makin menyempitnya total areal pemukiman per keluarga (Nurhajati, 1983). Keadaan ini terlihat jelas di kota-kota besar seperti kota metropolitan Jakarta, Surabaya dan Semarang. Banyak. rumah yang mempunyai halaman sempit di kota tersebut. Kondisi lingkungan yang demikian tentunya bukanlah kondisi ideal yang diinginkan oleh manusia. Kesegaran udara, kenyamanan lingkungan dan ketenteraman tidak dapat diperoleh dalam lingkungan yang demikian. Oleh karena itu tidak mengherankan bila pada hari-hari libur sering orang-orang dari kota besar menyempatkan diri berekreasi ke luar kota hanya sekedar untuk menikmati sejuknya udara pegunungan dan indahnya pemandangan alam yang sudah tidak dapat diperoleh lagi di kota-kota besar.
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