Judul: Identification of Variables Affecting Income  Inequality in West Java Province through Panel Data Regression
Abstrak: Ketimpangan pendapatan merupakan kondisi ketidakmerataan distribusi pendapatan masyarakat. Provinsi Jawa Barat merupakan salah satu provinsi dengan ketimpangan pendapatan tertinggi di Indonesia. Ukuran ketimpangan yang paling banyak digunakan adalah Rasio Gini yang berkisar antara nol hingga satu, dengan nol yang berarti kesetaraan sempurna dan satu yang berarti ketimpangan sempurna. Data penelitian yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) dan Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Indonesia berupa data panel 27 kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Barat tahun 2018 sampai 2022. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi data panel. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui peubah-peubah yang memengaruhi Rasio Gini di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model yang sesuai untuk menggambarkan Rasio Gini di Provinsi Jawa Barat adalah model pengaruh tetap dengan pengaruh spesifik individu. Model ini memiliki nilai koefisien determinasi terkoreksi sebesar 88,06%. Peubah yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Rasio Gini di Provinsi Jawa Barat pada taraf nyata 5% adalah Tingkat Partisipasi Angkatan Kerja (TPAK), persentase penduduk miskin, dan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto per kapita (PDRB). Peubah TPAK dan persentase penduduk miskin memiliki hubungan negatif dengan Rasio Gini di Provinsi Jawa Barat, sedangkan peubah PDRB berhubungan positif dengan Rasio Gini di Provinsi Jawa Barat.
Keyword: income inequality, Gini Ratio, panel data regression analysis, West Java Province

Judul: The Influence of Foreign Direct Investment on Welfare Inequality in West Java Province
Abstrak: Berdasarkan data BPS selama 5 tahun terakhir, Koefisien Gini Provinsi Jawa Barat mencatatkan angka di atas 0,4 atau lebih tinggi dari standar yang digunakan oleh organisasi dunia. Di sisi lain Provinsi Jawa Barat merupakan salah satu provinsi dengan penanaman modal asing tertinggi di Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji hubungan antara tingkat penanaman modal asing (PMA) yang dikelompokkan sesuai sektor yaitu PMA sektor primer, sekunder dan tersier terhadap ketimpangan di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Penelitian juga memasukkan variabel lain yaitu tingkat partisipasi angkatan kerja dan upah minimum kabupaten/kota ke dalam model. Metode yang digunakan adalah Random Effect Model (REM). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah peningkatan PMA sektor sekunder dan tingkat partisipasi angkatan kerja berpengaruh signifikan dalam mengurangi ketimpangan, sementara peningkatan upah minimum kabupaten/kota berpengaruh signifikan dalam meningkatkan ketimpangan., Based on BPS data for the last 5 years, the Gini Coefficient for West Java Province has recorded a figure above 0.4 or higher than the standard used by world organizations. On the other hand, West Java Province is one of the provinces with the highest foreign direct investment in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the level of foreign direct investment (FDI) grouped according to sector, which are FDI in the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors on inequality in West Java Province. The research also incorporates other variables, which are the labor force participation rate and district/city minimum wages into the model. The method used is the Random Effect Model (REM). The results of this study are that an increase in secondary sector FDI and the labor force participation rate have a significant effect on reducing inequality, while an increase in district/city minimum wages has a significant effect on increasing inequality.
Keyword: fdi, gini, labor, wage

Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell