Judul: Analysis of Organophosphate Pesticide Residue in Rice and Farmer Behavior in Subang District
Abstrak: Pestisida golongan organofosfat merupakan salah satu jenis pestisida yang banyak digunakan dalam bidang pertanian, karena golongan pestisida ini merupakan racun pembasmi serangga yang paling toksik secara akut terhadap binatang bertulang belakang, serta mudah terurai di alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui residu organofosfat pada beras dari berbagai varietas dan lokasi pertanaman padi serta mengetahui perilaku petani dalam penggunaan pestisida. Penelitian analisis residu pestisida golongan organofosfat dalam beras dan perilaku petani dalam penggunaan pestisida dilakukan di Kabupaten Subang, Jawa Barat pada bulan Mei hingga Juni 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis gas kromatografi terhadap sampel beras yang berasal dari tiga kecamatan Kabupaten Subang, yaitu: Kecamatan Ciasem, Purwadadi, dan Sagalaherang. Pengambilan data sampel perilaku petani dilakukan secara purposive sampling dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara mengenai penggunaan pestisida dalam usahatani padi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan residu bahan aktif organofosfat dengan bahan aktif Diazinon, Klorpirifos dan Fenitrotion pada beras varietas Ciherang, Inpari 32 HDB dan IR64 secara signifikan lebih rendah dari masing-masing ambang Batas Maksimum Residu (BMR) pestisida yang diperbolehkan pada hasil pertanian berdasarkan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 7313:2008. Hasil ini dapat dinyatakan bahwa beras ketiga varietas yang dihasilkan dari tiga kecamatan di Kabupaten Subang, dapat dinyatakan aman untuk dikonsumsi dari efek residu organofosfat. Rendahnya nilai residu pestisida organofosfat pada beras disebabkan karena perilaku petani dalam menggunakan pestisida umumnya telah sesuai dengan konsep pengendalian hama terpadu, yaitu tepat dosis, tepat waktu, tepat jenis, dan tepat sasaran sesuai dengan jenis hama dan penyakit tanamannya., Organophosphate pesticides are one type of pesticide that is widely used in agriculture, because this class of pesticides is the most vertically toxic insecticide against vertebrates, and this organophosphate class pesticide is easily biodegradable in nature. The objective of this study was to determine the organophosphate residue in rice from various varieties and locations of rice cultivation and to determine the behavior of farmers in using pesticides. The research of analysis of pesticide residues in the organophosphate group in rice and farmer behavior in using pesticides was conducted in Subang Regency, West Java from May to June 2020. This research was conducted by using gas chromatography analysis method on rice samples from three sub-districts of Subang Regency, namely: Ciasem, Purwadadi, and Sagalaherang Districts. The data collection of farmer behavior samples was conducted by purposive sampling using questionnaires and interviews regarding the use of pesticides in rice farming. The research results showed that the residual content of the active organophosphate with active ingredients Diazinon, Chlorpyrifos and Fenitrotion in rice varieties Ciherang, Inpari 32 HDB and IR64 was signifikanly lower than the respective threshold for maximum residue limit (BMR) of pesticides allowed on agricultural products based on Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 7313: 2008. These results can be stated that the three varieties of rice produced from three districts in Subang Regency, can be declared safe for consumption from the effects of organophosphate residues. The low value of organophosphate pesticide residues in rice was caused by the behavior of farmers in using pesticides generally in accordance with the concept of integrated pest control, namely the right dose, right time, right type, and right target according
Keyword: Beras, Residu Organofosfat, Perilaku Petani, rice, residues organophosphates, farmer behavior

Judul: Perilaku Petani dalam Pengendalian Hama Terpadu Penggerek Batang Padi Kuning di Kecamatan Ciasem Kabupaten Subang
Abstrak: Hama penggerek batang kuning (Scirpophaga incertulas) telah menurunkan produksi padi di Indonesia secara signifikan sehingga diperlukan metode pengendalian yang tepat berdasarkan pengendalian hama terpadu (PHT). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi dan menganalisis pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik petani responden terhadap pengendalian hama penggerek batang padi di Kecamatan Ciasem, Kabupaten Subang, serta karakteristik agroekosistemnya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret hingga Juni 2023. Lokasi pengamatan tersebar di tiga desa dengan tingkat kerusakan hama yang berbeda dan total petani yang dipilih sebanyak 60 petani. Metode wawancara menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur untuk memperoleh data. Data yang diperoleh kemudian diolah dengan menggunakan MICROSOFT EXCEL 2013 dan dilakukan uji ?2 (Chi-square) untuk melihat hubungan antara karakteristik petani dengan pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan dalam pengelolaan tanaman padi pada tingkat a = 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa petani di lahan dengan tingkat serangan ringan memiliki pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan petani di lahan dengan tingkat serangan sedang dan berat, Yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas) reduce rice production in Indonesia significantly so appropriate control methods based on integrated pest management (IPM) are needed. This study aims to obtain information and analyze knowledge, attitudes, and practice of respondent farmers towards the management of rice stem borer in Ciasem District, Subang Regency, and the characteristics of agroecosystem as well. This research was conducted from March to June 2023. The observation locations spreaded over three villages with different levels of pest damage and a totally 60 farmers were selected. Interview methods using structured and instructured questionnaires implemented to obtain data. Obtained data was then processed using MICROSOFT EXCEL 2013 and the ?2 (Chi-square) test was conducted to see the relationship between farmer characteristics with knowledge, attitudes, and actions in rice plant management at the a = 5% level. The results showed that farmers in the field with mild infestation had better knowledge, attitudes, and practice compared to the field with moderate and severe infestation.
Keyword: Penggerek batang padi, PHT, Survei, Rice stem borer, IPM, Survey

Judul: Penggunaan Teorema Homeomorphy 2-Manifold dan Teorema Euler Poincare pada Torus 𝑇�� dan Simplicial Complex 𝐾��
Abstrak: Two dimensional topological spaces are said to be homeomorphic if they have the same topological invariant, where one of topological invariant used is an Euler characteristic. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem and Euler Poincare’s Theorem are used to distinguish two topological spaces. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem uses Euler characteristic to identify two dimensional topological spaces. Euler Poincare’s Theorem is an alternative way to find Euler characteristic with Betti number, which is topological invariant as well. The objective of this paper is to investigate the homeomorphism of torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾�����. Topological space torus and simplicial complex 𝐾����� have the same Euler characteristic, which is two. Based on Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem topological space torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾����� is homeomorphic.
Keyword: simplicial, torus, Euler, homeomorphism, topology