Judul: Resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Hospitalized Cats at the Animal Clinic of Depok City to Antibiotics
Abstrak: Resistansi bakteri Klebsiella pneumoniae terhadap antibiotik telah menjadi masalah kesehatan global, mengakibatkan penurunan efektivitas terhadap banyak antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan gambaran resistansi K. pneumoniae yang diisolasi dari kucing rawat inap di klinik Kota Depok terhadap beberapa antibiotik. Metode penelitian ini terdiri dari kuesioner, koleksi sampel, isolasi, identifikasi, dan uji kepekaan terhadap antibiotik. Sebanyak tujuh isolat K. pneumoniae berhasil diidentifikasi, resistansi terjadi pada sefotaksim sebanyak tujuh isolat, amoksisilin tiga isolat, gentamisin satu isolat, dan enrofloksasin satu isolat. Hasil intermediet ditunjukan oleh amoksisilin, enrofloksasin, dan doksisiklin dengan jumlah yang sama yakni satu isolat serta hasil sensitif ditunjukan oleh gentamisin sebanyak enam isolat, doksisiklin enam isolat, enrofloksasin lima isolat dan amoksisilin tiga isolat. Informasi ini diharapkan dapat membantu dokter hewan dalam memilih antibiotik yang tepat untuk pengobatan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh bakteri ini., The resistance of bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae to antibiotics has become a global health problem, resulting in a reduction in the efficacy of many antibiotics. This study aims to illustrate the resistance of K. pneumoniae isolated from hospitalized cats on veterinary clinics in Depok City to several antibiotics. The research method consisted of questionnaires, sample collection, isolation, identification, and antibiotic sensitivity test. A total of seven K. pneumoniae isolates were identified. Resistance occurred in seven isolates of cefotaxime, three isolates of amoxicillin, one isolate of gentamicin and enrofloxacin. The intermediate results were shown by amoxicillin, enrofloxacin, and doxycycline with the same amount, one isolate. The sensitive results were shown by six gentamicin isolates, six doxycycline isolates, five enrofloxacin isolates, and three amoxicillin isolates. Hopefully, this information can help veterinarians choose the appropriate antibiotic to treat diseases caused by these bacteria.
Keyword: animal clinic, antibiotic, antibiotic resistance, Klebsiella pneumoniae

Judul: Antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella spp. isolated from Cats at Several Animal Clinics in Bogor Regency
Abstrak: Klebsiella spp. merupakan salah satu bakteri yang dapat menyebabkan infeksi nosokomial. Klebsiella spp. dapat menyerang saluran pernapasan dan pencernaan kucing. Resistansi antibiotik dapat memperburuk kondisi dan memperlambat penyembuhan pasien yang terinfeksi bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji resistansi berbagai jenis antibiotik pada Klebsiella spp. yang diisolasi dari kucing rawat inap dan rawat jalan di klinik hewan di Kabupaten Bogor. Metode penelitian ini terdiri dari koleksi sampel, isolasi dan identifikasi, serta uji resistansi dengan metode disk diffusion Kirby-Bauer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat resistansi isolat Klebsiella spp. berbeda-beda pada setiap antibiotik uji. Isolat uji menunjukkan resistan terhadap ampisilin, sefotaksim, doksisiklin, metronidazol, dan eritromisin. Isolat Klebsiella spp. masih tergolong sensitif terhadap antibiotik aztreonam, gentamisin, enrofloksasin, dan amoksisilin. Terdapat 9 isolat yang terindikasikan sebagai multi-drug resistance., Klebsiella spp. is one of the bacteria that can cause nosocomial infections. Klebsiella spp. could infect the respiratory and digestive tract of the cat. Antibiotic resistance can aggravate the condition and slow the healing of patients who infected by bacteria. This study aims to test the resistance of various types of antibiotics on Klebsiella spp. isolated from cats at several animal clinics in Bogor Regency. This research method consists of sample collection, isolation and identification, and antibiotic resistance tests with the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The isolates showed resistance to ampicillin, cefotaxime, doxycycline, metronidazole, and erythromycin. The isolate still classified as sensitive to the antibiotics aztreonam, gentamicin, enrofloxacin, and amoxicillin. There are 9 isolates classified as multidrug-resistance.
Keyword: Antibiotic, cat, Klebsiella spp., resistance

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite