Judul: The Development of Detailing Method for Soil Map Unit  (smu) from Semi-Detailed Soil Maps (1:50,000) in Tropical Areas
Abstrak: Saat ini peta tanah telah tersedia hampir di seluruh dunia, termasuk di Indonesia, pada berbagai tingkat skala. Pada metode yang berlaku selama ini, meningkatkan skala peta dilakukan dengan mensurvei kembali daerah yang sama dengan titik pengamatan lebih rapat untuk memperoleh informasi lebih detail untuk disajikan di peta. Survei membutuhkan biaya tinggi, waktu panjang, serta berisiko tinggi terutama di daerah terpencil, sulit terjangkau, dan berbahaya. Di sisi lain di negara maju beriklim sedang telah berkembang metode pemetaan tanah digital yang memungkinkan teknik pendetailan tanpa survei kembali. Pemetaan tanah digital memungkinkan membuat peta skala atau resolusi lebih tinggi dari peta berskala dan beresolusi lebih rendah. Prinsipnya dengan menggunakan sejumlah prosedur untuk mengambil kesimpulan beresolusi tinggi dari sejumlah peubah beresolusi lebih rendah. Pemetaan tanah digital menjadi jalan keluar yang hemat biaya, waktu, serta rendah risiko meskipun data terbatas. Namun, prosedur pada pemetaan tanah digital bersifat spesifik lokasi sehingga perlu penyesuaian jika diterapkan di wilayah lain. Akurasi pemetaan tanah digital masih beragam dan dipengaruhi oleh data input. Akurasi ini berpeluang ditingkatkan dengan tersedianya data digital elevation model (DEM) dan penginderaan jauh yang lebih baik dan lebih detil. Wilayah tropis memiliki sejumlah kendala seperti liputan awan dan tajuk vegetasi yang lebat sehingga sensor penginderaan jauh pasif terhalang untuk merekam data permukaan tanah. Hal tersebut berbeda dengan kondisi atmosfer di wilayah sedang yang kering, lebih bebas awan, serta tajuk vegetasi lebih jarang. Dengan demikian, salah satu kovariat yang dapat diandalkan untuk memprediksi tanah di daerah tropis adalah data DEM beserta turunannya yang mewakili relief atau topografi. Sementara kovariat lain yang dihasilkan teknologi SAR, data fusion, dan feature fusion membutuhkan pengolahan lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengisi ceruk keterbatasan riset pendetailan SPT dengan pemetaan tanah digital di wilayah ekuator yang beriklim tropis seperti Indonesia, termasuk dengan keragaman sub-iklimnya. Indonesia memiliki keragaman subiklim yaitu daerah beriklim hutan hujan tropis (Af), sabana (Aw) dan monsun tropis (Am). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari cara yang mudah, murah, dan cepat untuk mendetailkan SPT dari peta tanah yang telah tersedia. Tujuan tersebut dirinci menjadi 3: 1) memperoleh machine learning yang paling cocok untuk proses pendetailan SPT dari peta tanah semi detail (setara skala 1:50.000) serta untuk memperoleh kombinasi kovariat penaksir yang paling sesuai di wilayah sub iklim Aw; 2) memilih machine learning dan kombinasi kovariat penaksir di wilayah sub iklim Am; 3) mengembangkan teknik optimasi untuk memperbaiki kinerja machine learning dan kombinasi kovariat penaksir terpilih di wilayah sub iklim Af. Pemetaan tanah digital menggunakan beragam kombinasi kovariat penaksir yang diturunkan dari data DEM dan penginderaan jauh yang ditumpuk menjadi kumpulan data. Berikutnya dibuat data latih (training data) dari SPT yang tersedia pada peta tanah warisan skala 1:50.000 menggunakan purposive systematic sampling dan penetapan posisi dalam topografi dengan pengetahuan tersembunyi (tacit knowledge) di virtual globe Google Earth dan perangkat lunak System for Automated Geoscientific Analyses (SAGA). Data latih sebanyak 76 poligon, 783 poligon, dan 1.131 poligon masing-masing untuk Timor Tengah Utara, Jember, dan Bogor bersama kombinasi kovariat penaksir menjadi data input. Data diproses oleh algoritma machine learning K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), dan Support Vector Machine (SVM) dengan perangkat lunak
Keyword: Machine learning, digital soil mapping, tacit knowledge, soil map unit

Judul: Methodology development of land resources potential identification and evaluation by integration of soil database, satellite imagery and digital elevation models.
Abstrak: Land resources mapping aimed to provide spatial data and information of land resources. Data and information provision is used to assess the potential of land resources for agriculture. In the current implementation, these activities require considerable time and cost. Regarding to the above case, mapping methodology on land resources potential that much faster, less cost and accurate in accordance with mapping scale should be developed.Utilization of soil databases, satellite imagery, and DEMs is an alternative to the development of methods and mapping techniques. The objectives of this study are: (1) to find out the relationship between soil characteristics and parent material, relief , climate from soil database resulted from earlier land resources mapping to generate mapping units, (2) to find out the benefits of satellite imagery and DEMs on identifying and delineating mapping unit attributes, particularly relief and lithology/parent material, and (3) to develop and to define the methodology of land resources potential identification and evaluation based on the relationship between the soil-forming factors and soil characteristics as land unit by integrating soil data base, remote sensing images the so called satellite and digital elevation models (DEMs) using GIS (InBIG) . The research has performed 2 (two) phases of study. Phase I performed the study of soil data base to find out the relationships between soil-forming factors and soil characteristics which have been established through correspondence and diversity analyses. Phase II performed a research on methodology development and preparation of land resource potential mapping by analyzing and delineating the attributes of mapping unit (parent material, climate, and relief) by integration of (1) Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), (2) satellite imagery , (3) geological map, (4) precipitation data, and (5) contour maps using GIS techniques. The results showed that the parent material was a factor that determine the soil characteristics. Parent material influenced soil texture and pH; climate and relief affected Cation Exchangeable Capacity (CEC) and the soil reaction (pH). The relationship is then used to define Characteristics Unit of Agricultural Land Carrying Capacity (SKDLP). Delineations of lithology/parent material based on geological maps that were corrected by DEMs and relatively high quality of pansharpened Avnir-2 Alos imagery was verified by ground truthing. Distribution of relief that was generated from SRTM DEMs with 30 m resolution is relatively high quality in rolling to mountainous area (slope >8%), while in relatively flat area (slope <8%) needs to be controlled by contour maps and pansharpened Avnir-2 Alos imagery to improve the accuracy. Climatic factor is approached by rainfall, dry month (<100 mm) and elevation. SKDLP delineation is based on spatial data of parent material, relief, and climate, while the characteristics of the soil are obtained from the soil database analyses, ground truthing, and laboratory analysis. SKDLP can be used for interpreting land resources potential and the development of agricultural commodities. SKDLP is data and information of land resources potential in semi-detailed scale (1:50,000) that use advanced technology by integrating satellite imagery, DEMs data, and GIS techniques as well as soil data based to speed up the mapping of land resources potential that more efective and efficient. If
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Judul: Kandungan Kolesterol dan Vitamin A Ayam Arab yang Diberi Jamu Ternak Melalui Air Minum
Abstrak: Egg as one source of protein needed by the body contains high amount of essential amino acids, however in reality there is a constraint factor in consuming the eggs which is the high level cholesterol in an egg. Nowadays the cholesterol content of eggs is feared by most of the public in relation to its effect. Excess cholesterol can cause health problems, but on the other hand the yolks contain vitamin A which is good for the body. This research was aimed to study the cholesterol and vitamin A content of Arab chicken egg yolks with addition of herbs through drinking water it is expected to reduce the cholesterol level and increase the amount of vitamin A in egg yolks. This experiment was conducted in poultry house in block C of Animal Science Faculty, Bogor Agricultural Institute, it lasted from June to August 2011. Chicken used in this study was 48 arab hens by age 19 weeks. Research procedures include the preparation of cages and equipment, maintenance and provisions of herbal medicine. The design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD). The content of cholesterol during 5 weeks of herbal medicine with level of 5 ml per head and 10 ml per head was 535.28 mg/100 g up to 563.51 mg/ 100 g. The addition of herbal medicine for 3 consecutive days (per week) are mixed in hens drinking. The level differences does not affect the content of cholesterol in egg yolk, but the existence of different herbal medicine addition level provides different amount of vitamin A. The content of vitamin A in egg yolks for a treatment P0 (without herbs) amounted to 596.787 μg/ 100 g, P1 (herbs 5 ml/head/day) : 700.034 μg/ 100 g and P2 (10 ml/head/day) : 800.962 μg/ 100 g.
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