Judul: Analisis dampak kebijakan perberasan Indonesia: Model disagregasi wilayah dan pola panen
Abstrak: The objective of this research is to analyze the impact of rice policy on rice economy based on harvested pattern in national and regional level. For that purpose, disaggregation data are collected by months and regions (Sumatera, Java, Bali and Nusa Tenggara, Kalimantan and Sulawesi). Econometric model is formulated as a simultaneous equations and estimated using Two Stages Least Squares (2SLS) method. Rice policy aims not only to protect producer and domestic prices stabilization but also to provide rice to specified target-group of consumers through reserves and distribution mechanism. The results revealed that the model is able to well discribe the variation impact of rice policy in national and regional level. Furtheremore, this result supported previous finding indicated that the rice producer in some regions are unlikely benefited from the rice policy especialy during harvested period. Therefore, government intervention in terms of stabilizing price needs to be reviewed to reach it’s targeted objectives.
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Judul: Dampak Kebijakan Harga Pembelian Pemerintah terhadap Kesejahteraan Produsen dan Consumen di Indonesia
Abstrak: Government Purchase Price Rice Policy is one of the important instruments in order to ensure national food security. The objectives of this research were to (1) analyze the factors that influence the supply and demand for rice in Indonesia, (2) to analyze the impact of the government purchase price rice policy on the producers’ and consumers’ welfare and, (3) to formulate alternative strategies that could ensure fair welfare distribution to both the producers and the consumers. Four policy alternatives set for the period 2002-2008 were simulated with econometric model of the Indonesian supply and demand of rice industry. Time Series secondary data 1980-2008, especially from BPS, Ministry of Agriculture and BULOG was rice quantitatively analyzed using a system of simultaneous equations econometric model. The econometric model is a simultaneous equations model consisting of eight behavioral equations and three identity equations. The Two Stages Least Squares (2SLS) method was used to estimate the parameters of the behavioral equations in the model. This study showed that the government price rice policy is good for increasing rice production but not the best policy for welfare and as a result the society as a whole is worse off. This study suggests that the government purchase price rice policy should be accompanied with other policies government programs like: (1) increased irrigated area and, (2) increased rice intensification through improved infrastructural development and, (3) high time food diversification is intensified to reduce overdependence on rice.
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Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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