Judul: The Development Strategy of Tourism Business Based on Homestay Community in Raja Ampat Regency, West Papua Province
Abstrak: Raja Ampat is one of the mainstay tourist destinations in Indonesia which is pinned as the last paradise on earth due to its location in the heart of the coral triangle. The potential of its natural beauty resources and the increasing number of tourists visiting Raja Ampat become opportunities to escalate the economy based on sustainable community development. Accelerated growth of the Raja Ampat tourism sector is certainly well utilized by the indigenous people of Raja Ampat, who initially worked as fishermen to transform into homestay administrators. This potential requires community development efforts through community strengthening to accelerate empowerment in managing the tourism sector in Raja Ampat. The main objective of this study is to formulate a strengthening strategy for homestay business and sustainable tourism based on community development in Raja Ampat. This study used a qualitative approach with the case study method. The locations of this research were in Kampung Yenbuba and Kampung Arborek, Raja Ampat, West Papua. The locations were chosen intentionally by the researcher due to their accordance with the topic of this study. The study was conducted from July to August 2020. The method of determining the informant was executed in purposive, and the data used in this study were primary and secondary. The primary data were collected through participant observations, interviews with the informants, and focus group discussions (FGD). The secondary data was gathered from documents sources from the relevant agencies. The result of this study indicates that implementing community-based development in the tourism sector should involve external parties like the government, NGOs, local communities, and private sectors. The stakeholder intervention plays a huge role in homestay development and tourism businesses in Kampung Yenbuba and Kampung Arborek. The role of government, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), the private sectors, dan the surrounding community affect the social dynamics and impact on the access to finance of the Raja Ampat homestay community. In this study, it was found that stakeholders in community development were more oriented towards ecological goals, but still lack in economic and social aspects. Therefore, it is necessary to have reinforcement business and establishment appropriate economic institutions to strengthen the Raja Ampat homestay community, so it can balance the aspects of social, economics, and ecology. The results of the strategic analysis represent that the strengths of the Raja Ampat homestay community are: 1) The capacity of the homestay owners in HR/employee management; 2) The ability in operational management; 3) the competence in marketing and the use of social media; 4) the community’s ability to manage finances. While the drawbacks are: 1) the business management capacity is still limited/simple; 2) limited access to financial institutions; 3) status of jointly owned land (with family); 4) SOP and price-determined rent are not appropriate; 5) financial management is still convenient. From the external aspects, the opportunities for the Raja Ampat homestay community are: 1) potential for foreign and domestic tourists; 2) synergistic partnership with government, private sector, NGOs, and the surrounding community, and; 3) the development of digital technology. Meanwhile, the threats to the Raja Ampat homestay community are: 1) entry of
Keyword: homestay, Raja Ampat, Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Wisata, Pembiayaan

Judul: Optimization of Model Establishment and Development of Communal Homestay in Eco-Rural Tourism
Abstrak: Kehadiran desa wisata adalah dalam rangka untuk merespon adanya pergeseran orientasi wisatawan dari kegiatan wisata yang bersifat massal berubah menjadi wisata yang ramah terhadap lingkungan dan komunitas lokal dalam bentuk apresiasi terhadap alam dan budaya lokal. Dalam wisata pedesaan tercipta bentuk perekonomian masyarakat lokal setempat yaitu usaha homestay atau akomodasi yang menggunakan rumah tinggal pribadi sebagai tempat wisatawan menginap. Keungulan jenis akomodasi homestay dibandingkan dengan jenis akomodasi lainnya adalah adanya pengalaman baru bagi wisawatan untuk berbaur dengan masyarakat lokal selama mereka menginap di homestay tersebut. Pada umumnya homestay di kelola secara mandiri per individu atau KK (usaha pribadi). Kelebihan usaha yang bersifat pribadi adalah lebih leluasa dalam menjalankan usahanya. Namun juga memiliki kelemahan berupa keterbatasan sumber daya modal dan kemampuan dalam persaingan. Peningkatan pembangunan homestay yang bersifat pribadi juga akan mengakibatkan alih fungsi lahan yang pada akhirnya akan merubah pola tata guna lahan di wilayah pedesaan. Perubahan pola tata guna lahan akan menyebabkan efek domino berupa perubahan pola kepemilikan lahan yang kemudian berdampak juga pada perubahan kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat. Perubahan kondisi sosial masyarakat ini apabila tidak diantisipasi dengan baik akan menimbulkan permasalahan baru berupa peningkatan angka pengangguran dan kemiskinan. Dengan kondisi masyarakat yang terkungkung oleh kemiskinan maka akan berimbas pada peningkatan ekstraksi sumber daya alam yang tidak memperhatikan aspek kelestarian. Guna meningkatan efisiensi sumber daya modal dan mengantisipasi ancaman perubahan pola tata guna lahan di pedesaan maka diperkenalkan konsep communal homestay yang berarti usaha akomodasi homestay yang dikelola secara bersama-sama dengan prinsip keadilan dan pemerataan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) menganalisa dinamika politik dalam pembangunan dan pengembangan communal homestay pada eco-rural tourism, (2) menganalisa sistem ekonomi dalam pembangunan dan pengembangan communal homestay pada eco-rural tourism, (3) menganalisa rona ekologi pada pembangunan dan pengembangan communal homestay pada eco-rural tourism, (4) menganalisa dinamika sosial budaya dalam pembangunan dan pengembangan communal homestay pada eco-rural tourism, (5) menganalisa pembangunan desa dalam pembangunan dan pengembangan communal homestay pada eco-rural tourism, dan (6)mengelaborasi model ideal pembangunan dan pengembangan communal homestay pada eco-rural tourism berbasiskan regulasi, ekonomi, ekologi. sosial budaya dan pembangunan desa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada desa wisata di tiga provinsi yaitu Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (desa Brayut dan Tanjung), Jawa Barat (desa Banceuy dan Bunihayu) dan Sulawesi Utara (desa Bahoi, Tiwoho, Popareng, Tandengan dan Urongo). Responden terdiri dari : (1) masyarakat pemilik homestay sejumlah 99 orang, (2) masyararakat bukan pemilik homestay sejumlah 486 orang, (3) wisatawan sejumlah 35 orang dan (4) unsur lembaga/instansi pemerintah sejumlah 180 orang. Teknik pemilihan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Data primer diperoleh dengan menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara semi terstruktur dan penyebaran kuesioner. Observasi dan wawancara dilakukan untuk mengamati dan mengetahui segala sesuatu terkait dengan usaha communal homestay. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner di desain dengan pola tertutup (close ended) dengan panduan one score one criteria scoring system (Avenzora 2008). Kuesioner terdiri dari tujuh indikator dan setiap indikator terdiri dari tujuh aspek penilaian. Setiap pernyataan diberi skor 1 sampai 7 yang bertujuan untuk memberikan penilaian pada setiap aspek dan kriteria yang dijabarkan dalam bentuk pertanyaan (indikator). Analisis data persepsi responden dilakukan secara deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pengelompokan, penyederhanaan serta penyajian data menggunakan interval kelas. Skor
Keyword: wisata pedesaan, communal homestay, optimasi, tata guna lahan, rural tourism, communal homestay, optimization, land-use

Judul: Separation of Neodymium from U3Si2/Al Fuel Plate for Burn-Up Determination
Abstrak: Neodymium is a common fission product produced in nuclear fission reactions. Neodymium in this study was chosen as a burn-up indicator for U3Si2/Al fuel element plates because the neodymium isotope is a stable fission product with a fairly high yield. Some procedures were carried out to separate neodymium, starting with the separation of cesium isotopes (137Cs, 134Cs) through the precipitation method, then separation of uranium isotopes (235U, 238U) and plutonium isotopes (239Pu, 238Pu) with Dowex 1x8 ion exchange resin, and separation of neodymium (Nd), samarium (Sm), as well as cerium (Ce) with Dowex 1x4 ion exchange resin. The Cs recovery reached 99.95%. The U and Pu isotopes resulting from the separation are subjected to an electrodeposition process and the weight of each isotope can be measured with an alpha spectrometer. The separation results of Nd from Sm and Ce have been proven using an XRF spectrometer. The neodymium isotopes separation was corrected using the standard addition method, and an average total Nd content of 2.4 ppm was obtained in the PEB U3Si2/Al bottom solution. It is hoped that this separation method can be applied in determining burn-up of nuclear fuel.
Keyword: neodymium, burn-up indicator, U3Si2/Al fuel plate