Judul: Ekstensifikasi perekat urea formaldehida dengan polifenol nabati guna menurunkan emisi formaldehida
Abstrak: Perekat yang selama ini banyak dipergunakan di hampir 90% industri kayu lapis dan komposit kayu lainnya adalah perekat Urea Formaldehida (UF) (Roffael dan B. Dix, 1988). Hal ini karena perekat UF memiliki beberapa keunggulan antara lain: harganya yang relatif lebih murah, kesan warna pada produk olahan cerah dan kecepatan pengerasannya yang tinggi. Namun demikian perekat UF juga memiliki kelemahan dalam hal tingginya emisi formaldehida pada produk olahan. Menurut Maloney (1977) dalam Munda (1989) emisi formaldehida ini sangat berpengaruh terhadap keseha - tan. Gas formaldehida antara lain menyebabkan iritasi mata, peradangan selaput lendir dan hidung. Untuk memper- baiki kelemahan perekat UF tersebut ekstensifikasi perekat UF dengan polifenol nabati dapat dijadikan alternatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan perekat campuran UF dengan polifenol nabati untuk membuat kayu lapis atau venir lamina yang memenuhi syarat dalam hal emisi formaldehida. ...
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Judul: Teknologi Penurunan Emisi Formaldehida pada Produksi Kayu Lapis dan Papan Partikel
Abstrak: Pemakaian perekat semakin meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya produksi kayu lapis dan papan partikel. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi kajian upaya penurunan emisi formaldehida pada produksi kayu lapis dan papan partikel dengan perekat urea formaldehida. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode studi pustaka. Hasil studi memperlihatkan penurunan emisi formaldehida dapat dilakukan antara lain dengan penambahan arang aktif, penambahan perekat lain, penambahan bahan nano, dan penambahan ammonium. Penambahan arang aktif dapat menurunkan emisi formaldehida sebesar 80%, penambahan perekat lain dapat menurunkan emisi formaldehida sebesar 50-70%, penambahan bahan nano dapat menurunkan sebesar 53%, dan penambahan ammonium menurunkan sebesar 50%-90%. Selain dapat menurunkan emisi formaldehida, penambahan perekat lain dan penambahan bahan nano juga dapat meningkatkan internal bond papan partikel dan keteguhan rekat kayu lapis. Sementara itu, penambahan arang aktif dapat menurunkan internal bond papan partikel dan keteguhan rekat kayu lapis.
Keyword: emisi formaldehida, kayu lapis, keteguhan rekat, papan partikel, internal bond

Judul: Studies on growth spurt and aging in higher primates
Abstrak: single measurement that best defines the health and nutritional status of children, just as it provides an indirect measurement of the quality of life of an entire population. The pattern of human growth reflects the biocultural evolution of our species. The human pattern of growth and development (ontogeny) appears to differ markedly from patterns of ontogeny in other primate species. Three studies are reported here which deal to the growth and development of human and chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). These three studies allow us to contrast the phenomena of adolescence growth spurt and female elderly bone loss in chimpanzee and human as chimpanzee is the closest species to humans within extant nonhuman primates. In the first, a cross-sectional study of growth of the body size and somatotype of 363 Javanese girls and 299 Javanese boys aged 4 to 20 years from Magelang Regency, Indonesia was described. In the second, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in the growth of chimpanzee second metacarpal bone linear dimensions from individuals aged 0 to 43.6 years were used for comparison. While in the third, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in the growth of chimpanzee body size (body mass and anterior trunk length) and second metacarpal bone mineral content were derived. In measuring the second metacarpal dimensions and mineral content, a total of 568 radiographs of chimpanzee's proximodistal left hands were used. They were taken from 68 females and 49 males aged 0 to 43.62 years old. We applied an image analysis system, Scion Image Release Alpha 4.0.3.2 software for Windows to measure bone linear dimensions and bone mineral content. Humans present complex and sinuous growth curves for both body weight and height. A clear growth spurt could be demonstrated by cross-sectional analysis in our girl subjects at around aged 11.5 years and in our boy subjects at around aged 12.5 years. In longitudinal series, not in cross-sectional, several representative chimpanzees of both sexes showed a pre-adult growth spurt on the body sizes, bone dimensions and bone mineral content. They ranged at age 4.5 to 8.5 years. This underscore the fact that adolescent growth spurt in linear dimension was not a universal feature of anthropoid primate ontogeny. Bone loss is a well established characteristic of human female aging. Based on crosssectional analyses the sequential decline of bone mass in female chimpanzee may be said to be genuine. On the other hand, we found in adulthood through elderly, male chimpanzees show a longer plateau than female chimpanzee, that is, bone mineral content is maintained in male.
Keyword: Javanese children, growth spurt, chimpanzee, second metacarpal bone, bone loss, Higher Primates