Judul: Penilaian Tingkat Kesadaran Warga Negeri Sembilan Malaysia terhadap perilaku Kekejaman pada Hewan Peliharaan
Abstrak: Animal cruelty refers to a wide range of behaviours harmful to animals, ranging from neglect to malicious killing. Animal Cruelty has several types which may be one of gross neglect, simple neglect, animal hoarding, organized abuse, intentional abuse, ritualistic abuse or animal sexual assault. In recent years, animal cruelty has stirred into the limelight as the number of reported incidences of abuse has increased that the public should be aware of. In Malaysia, the continuous emergence of animal cruelty often gets highlighted in the mass and social media. The study of animal cruelty awareness based on the “Five Domains” mainly in pet animals is underexplored in Malaysia. These Five Domians consist of good nutrition, good environment, good health, appropriate behaviour and positive mental experiences. This study was carried out to evaluate the level of knowledge, attitude, and awareness towards animal cruelty in companion animals among the residents of Negeri Sembilan and the relationship across the subgroups such as gender, age categories, districts, religion status, educational level as well as pet ownership. By employing simple random method, a total of 385 samples were collected from each district via the dissemination of questionnaire through Google form, to improve the understanding and sensibility of animal cruelty issues. The result of the study revealed found that women who are aged from 18 to 39 years demonstrated higher awareness compared to males. Good animal cruelty knowledge is associated with higher educational level while low educational population have the least awareness and knowledge level. Besides, individuals who are tied to strong religious believes has lower awareness compares to non-religious people. The urban dwellers namely residents of Seremban and Port Dickson have had good knowledge and animal cruelty awareness compared to rural residents from Tampin. Individuals who own pets also expressed greater concerns for animal welfare than those who did not have pets as they have more interaction with animals on daily basis. Overall, residents of Negeri Sembilan have good level of awareness. Keywords: awareness, animal cruelty, animal welfare, five domains
Keyword: awareness, animal cruelty, animal welfare, five domains

Judul: Evaluasi Kesadaran Kesejahteraan Hewan di antara Penduduk Klang, Malaysia.
Abstrak: Animal welfare is a term that describes the potential measurable quality of live animals at a specific time, making it a scientific concept. The concept of animal welfare continues to evolve with the development of ethics, science, and politics. The Five Freedoms are internationally accepted standards of care that affirm every living being's right to humane treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the animal welfare awareness of Klang residents in Malaysia. A total of 200 samples were collected online using Google form-based questionnaire which was distributed through social media. The results were analyzed in descriptively for analysis ofthe association between demographic variables and the level of awareness about animal welfare the score was used ANOVA test. The result of the study revealedthat the level of animal welfare awareness among the respondents was in a good category. Among the four subgroups being studied, the differences in the level of animal welfare awareness were statistically insignificant. Only among the age and have heard or known animal welfare group, in freedom from hunger and thirst, the seniors (>60) have shown higher scores compared to teenagers and adults as well as those who have heard or known animal welfare have shown higher score compared to those who have not with significant differences among these groups., Kesejahteraan hewan adalah istilah yang menggambarkan potensi kualitas terukur dari hewan hidup pada waktu tertentu, Konsep kesejahteraan hewan terus berkembang seiring dengan perkembangan etika, ilmu pengetahuan, dan politik. Lima Kebebasan adalah standar perawatan yang diterima secara internasional , konsep tersebut menegaskan hak setiap makhluk hidup untuk diperlakukan secara manusiawi. Lima prinsip kebebasan terdiri dari, yaitu, bebas dari rasa lapar dan haus, bebas dari ketidaknyamanan, bebas dari rasa sakit, cedera dan penyakit, bebas dari rasa takut dan tertekan, dan bebas untuk mengekspresikan perilaku alamiahnya. Lima kebebasan memiliki dampak besar pada kesejahteraan hewan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat kesadaran warga kota Klang Malaysia akan kesejahteraan hewan. Sebanyak 200 sampel dikumpulkan secara online menggunakan formulir Google yang disebarkan melalui social media (Facebook, Instagram). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan tingkat kesadaran warga Klang Malaysia terhadap kesejahteraan hewan berada pada kategori baik. Di antara tiga sub kelompok yang dipelajari, perbedaan tingkat kesadaran kesejahteraan hewan secara statistik tidak signifikan. Perbadaan skor yang signifikan hanya terjadi pada pengetahuan kebebasan dari rasa haus dan lapar saja dimana kelompok usia lanjut usia memiliki skor pengetahauan yang lebih tinggi dibanding dengan kelompok umur remaja dan dewasa serta mereka yang pernah mendengar atau mengenal kesadaran kesejahteraan hewan menunjukkan skor yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan mereka yang tidak dengan perbedaan yang signifikan.
Keyword: animal welfare, five freedoms, awareness

Judul: Hydrothermal Synthesis of Biphasic Calcium Posphate
Abstrak: Biphasio calsium phosphate (BCP), which was a mixture of hydroxypatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP), was synthesized by hydrothermal method followed by sintering process. Hydroxyapatite was produced by using natural calcium source CaO from hen's eggshell and (NH4)2HPO4 as phosphate souce, other hydroxyapatite sample was produce by using synthetic calcium source Ca(OH) and H3PO4 as phosphate source.
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