Judul: Suatu Studi Pendahuluan Tentang Stabilitas Kapal Ikan
Abstrak: Kapal ikan berbeda dengan kapal-kapal lainnya, keistimewaan pokok yang dimiliki terutama pada kecepatan, olah gerak yang baik, layak laut, jangkauan pelayaran yang jauh, konstruksi kapal kuat, propulsion en Inenya cukup kuat, memiliki perlengkapan pengolahan dan pengawetan ikan, serta memiliki perlengkapan penangkapan. Operasi penangkapan kadang-kadang harus menuju ke fishing ground yang berbahaya karena cuaca buruk, untuk menjamin berlangsungnya operasi dalam kondisi demikian dibutuhkan stabilitas yang cukup. Stabilitas kapal adalah kemampuan kapal yang menyimpang dari posisi keseimbangan karena bekerjanya gaya-gaya eksternal, untuk kembali lagi ke posisi serula bila gaya-gaya tersebut berhenti.
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Judul: Evaluasi Desain dan Stabilitas Kapal Penangkap Ikan di Palabuhanratu (Studi Kasus Kapal PSP 01).
Abstrak: Menurut Nomura dan Yamazaki (1977), kapal perikanan didefinisikan sebagai kapal yang digunakan dalam aktivitas perikanan meliputi aktivitas penangkapan atau mengumpulkan sumberdaya perikanan (fisheries resources), mengelola usaha budidaya, dan digunakan dalam beberapa aktivitas seperti riset, training serta inspeksi sumberdaya perairan. Fungsinya yang begitu penting mengharuskan kapal perikanan memiliki kesesuaian desain dan kualitas stabilitas yang baik. Hal ini untuk mendukung kesuksesan dalam operasi penangkapan ikan. Seperti dikemukakan oleh Nomura dan Yamazaki (1977), persyaratan kapal untuk mencapai kesuksesan dalam operasi penangkapan (general requirement) antara lain memiliki kekuatan struktur badan kapal yang baik, mempunyai stabilitas yang tinggi dan memiliki fasilitas penyimpanan yang lengkap.
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Judul: Heterologous Expression Of Endo-Β-Xylanase From Bacillus Pumilus Strain Bcrs-01 In Escherichia Coli.
Abstrak: Xylanases are glycoside hydrolase family 11 which depolymerise xylan in the plant cell wall, the most excessive form of hemicellulose. Endo-β-xylanases (EC 3.2.1.8) are most important to breakdown β-1,4-glicoside bond of xylan to produce disaccaride xyloolygosaccaride (XOs) and xylose (monomer). Bovine rumen fluids have potential to obtain endo-β-xylanase produced of bacteria. The objectives of this study were to obtain xylanase producing bacteria and to express xynA gene encoding endo-β-xylanase from bacterium in Escherichia coli. Twenty nine isolate bacteria have been succesfully isolated from bovine rumen fluid in agar medium containing birchwood xylan. Isolate BCRS-01 bacterium was previously screened for the high production of xylanase. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, BCRS-01 showed high similarity (99%) to Bacillus pumilus (accession number NR043241). The crude xylanase had optimal activity at 55oC, pH 7.0. Furthermore, the crude xylanase exhibited broad pH stability from 4.0 to 10.0 and remained more than 60% and 40% of its activity after incubation at pH 4.0 until 10.0, respectively for 60 min. It also showed a stability at temperature 25-50oC since it retained 80% and 50% of its activity when incubated at 50oC or 30 and 60 min, respectively. The xylanase activity was strongly inhibited by Ca2+ and Cu2+ at concentration 10 mM, and as little as 1 mM for Mn2+. Therefore, this xylanase has potentially used as additive feeds in animal feed industry. The DNA sequence xynA gene encoded endo-β-xylanase was amplified and cloned into the expression vector pET-15by under the control of T7 promoter. The recombinant protein had succesfully expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS. A protein recombinant of approximately, 26.7 kDa was observed on the SDS-PAGE analysis. Crude extract of recombinant endo-β-xylanase demonstrated activity of enzyme at 56 U mL-1 using birchwood xylan as a substrate at 55oC for 10 min.
Keyword: Bacillus pumilus, bovine rumen fluid, endo-β-xylanase, heterologous expression.