Judul: Perhitungan Modus Vibrasi Molekul H2O
Abstrak: Pemodelan gugus fungsi molekul H2O dapat digunakan untuk mendapatkan parameter vibrasi dan bilangan gelombang serapan vibrasi molekul H2O. Perhitungan ini merupakan perhitungan teoritik gugus O – H pada molekul H2O dengan menggunakan model osilator harmonik. Parameter vibrasi dari model ini dioptimasi dengan menggunakan metode Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Hasil dari optimasi PSO didapatkan parameter vibrasi yaitu panjang ikatan (r0) sebesar 9.7561 × 1011 m, sudut ikatan (θ) sebesar 105.11°, konstanta pegas O–H (kOH) sebesar 775.92 N·m1, konstanta pegas H–H (kHH) sebesar 70.291 N·m1 dan frekuensi vibrasional harmonik (ω) masing-masing 3.0076 × 1014 rad·s1 untuk vibrasi tekuk, 7.0798 × 1014 rad·s1 untuk vibrasi regang antisimetris dan 6.9746 × 1014 rad·s1 untuk vibrasi regang simetris. Tiga frekuensi hasil optimasi PSO bersesuaian dengan bilangan gelombang 1595.6 cm–1, 3755.9 cm–1, dan 3700.2 cm–1. Ketepatan bilangan gelombang serapan pada penelitian ini adalah 98.783%.
Keyword: gugus fungsi, konstanta pegas, vibrasi

Judul: Perhitungan Energi Disosiasi Ca-O dan C-O pada Gugus Fungsi Hidroksiapatit Menggunakan PemodelanSpektroskopi Inframerah
Abstrak: Modeling the functional groups of hydroxyapatite can be used to obtain absorption wave numbers and the spring constant. Analysis of energy release is done by calculating the functional group dissociation energy. This study is a theoretical calculation of the hydroxyl group (OH-), phosphate (PO43-), and carbonate (CO32-) using spring models. Modeling OH- group obtained wavenumber absorption 3417.4316 cm-1, 3430.6485 cm-1, and 3437.4887 cm-1. Modelling group PO43- absorption wave numbers obtained 1059.3734 cm-1, 1085.2559 cm-1, and 1070.2309 cm-1. CO32- modeling group obtained wavenumber absorption 1187.5995 cm-1, 1167.7597 cm-1, and 1120.2595 cm-1. Bond dissociation energy of CO on the hydroxyl group is 572.3579 kJ/mol. Bond dissociation energy of Ca-O in the carbonate group is 586.9238 kJ/mol, whereas the carbonate group is 677.4847 kJ/mol. Theoretical absorption wave numbers OH- and PO43- consistent with the hypothesis while CO32- group is smaller than the hypothesized value.
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Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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