Judul: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice of Farmers in IPM System of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Juwiring District, Klaten Regency
Abstrak: Kabupaten Klaten merupakan salah satu penghasil padi di Jawa Tengah. Luas panen dan produksi padi di Klaten pada tahun 2022 mengalami penurunan dibandingkan tahun 2021 karena serangan hama dan penyakit yang terjadi setiap tahun. Upaya pengendalian utama yang dilakukan petani di Klaten adalah dengan penggunaan pestisida yang dinilai mudah diperoleh dan relatif terjangkau. Namun, penggunaan pestisida secara berlebihan dapat menimbulkan dampak yang buruk terhadap lingkungan, ekosistem, dan kesehatan manusia. Pengendalian hama dan penyakit tanaman dengan menggunakan sistem PHT sangat dianjurkan dalam proses budi daya tanaman PHT. Meskipun sudah banyak penelitian yang dilakukan oleh beberapa ahli, pemahaman petani mengenai PHT masih kurang. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan memperoleh informasi mengenai pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan petani dalam penerapan sistem PHT padi khususnya di Kabupaten Klaten. Penelitian dilakukan secara terpilih di Desa Tlogorandu, Desa Ketitang, Desa Serenan, dan Desa Gondangsari, Kecamatan Juwiring, Kabupaten Klaten. Wawancara dilakukan terhadap petani berdasarkan pertanyaan yang terdapat dalam kuisio.ner terstruktur. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa petani di Kecamatan Juwiring memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang sangat baik, sikap yang baik, dan sebagian besar petani memiliki tindakan yang sesuai dengan PHT. Beberapa tindakan petani yang belum sesuai dengan prinsip PHT yaitu penggunaan pestisida tidak melihat ambang ekonomi dalam mengendalikan hama dan penyakit, serta pemupukan yang tidak sesuai dosis., Klaten Regency is one of the rice producers in Central Java. The harvested area and rice production in Klaten in 2022 decreased compared to 2021 due to pest and disease attacks. The main control effort carried out by farmers in Klaten is the use pesticides which are considered easy to obtain and relatively affordable. However, excessive use of pesticides can have a negative impact on the environment, ecosystems, and human health. Control of pests and plant diseases using the IPM system is highly recommended in the process of cultivating IPM plants. Even though there have been many studies conducted by several experts, the farmers still lack an understanding of IPM. Therefore this research was conducted to obtain information regarding the knowledge, attitudes, and actions of farmers in implementing the rice IPM system, especially in Klaten Regency. The research was conducted in selected villages in Tlogorandu, Ketitang, Serenan, and Gondangsari, Juwiring District, Klaten Regency. Interviews were conducted with farmers based on the structured questionnaire. The results of this study indicate that farmers in Juwiring District have a very high level of knowledge, good attitudes, and most farmers have actions using IPM principles. Some farmers’ actions that were not in accordance with the principles of IPM, namely the use of pesticides that did not see the economic threshold in controlling pests and diseases, as well as fertilization that was not in accordance with the dose.
Keyword: diseases, pesticides, pests, questionnaires, rice

Judul: Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Tindakan Petani Padi dalam Penggunaan Pestisida di Kabupaten Indramayu Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Pests and diseases of rice are one of the biotic stresses that are able to reduce rice production. Knowledge of the population dynamics of pests is the first step in makingstrategy of insect pest control that should be effective, efficient, and environmentally friendly. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a pest management system based on an understanding of the population dynamics and the environment of a pest species, using a variety of compatible control techniques to keep pest populations below the economic threshold and to prevent the population to achieveeconomic injury level. Theobjective of the study wasto know the knowledge, the attitude, and the actions of the IPM field school (SLPHT) andnon-SLPHT farmers. Results showed that knowledge, attitude and action of rice farmers in the use of pesticides in Indramayu district West Java were similar between SLPHT and Non-SLPHT farmers.Both farmers still intensively use pesticides, even those farmers who have attended SLPHT. Farmer characteristics, such as age, education, side job, income, and farming experience did not correlate with the use of pesticides. The use of pesticides was only influenced by habit, praticality in use, and the effectiveness of it.
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Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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