Judul: The Use of Household Organic Waste as Magot Living Media and the Use of Magot as Animal Feed
Abstrak: Sampah organik banyak dihasilkan dari aktivitas manusia dalam kehidupan rumah tangga. Jumlah sampah organik yang melimpah berpotensi menghasilkan gas metana sebagai penyebab terjadinya pemanasan global dan menimbulkan bau yang menyengat, sehingga mencemari lingkungan. Budi daya magot dapat dijadikan solusi dalam penguraian sampah organik, sehingga jumlah sampah yang terangkut ke tempat penimbunan akhir dapat tereduksi. Limbah organik yang digunakan ialah sampah dapur rumah tangga yang difermentasi dengan probiotik EM4 dan dedak padi difermentasi probiotik EM4; yakult sebagai media pembanding. Penelitian ini bertujuan memanfaatkan limbah organik rumah tangga sebagai media pertumbuhan magot, menggunakan magot sebagai alternatif pakan ternak, dan mendapatkan hasil samping berupa pupuk organik (kasgot). Hasil eksperimen berupa tepung magot dengan kandungan protein 30,15–31,49% dan kasgot dengan kandungan nitrogen 0,52–1,19%. Magot berpotensi sebagai alternatif pakan ayam karena mengandung protein yang tinggi, sedangkan kasgot belum dapat digunakan sebagai campuran media tanam karena kandungan nitrogennya rendah, sehingga kurang optimal untuk pertumbuhan tanaman., Human activities in daily life produce a large amount of organic waste. With so much garbage, it may produce methane gas, which contributes to global warming and causes odors, harmful for the ecosystem. The use of magot as a decomposition aid for organic waste can help to reduce the amount of garbage sent to landfills. Household kitchen waste fermented with EM4 probiotic, fermented rice husk with EM4 probiotic, and yakult as a comparative medium were employed as organic wastes. The research aims to use household organic waste as a substrate for magot development, to use magot as an alternative animal feed, and to harvest by-products as organic fertilizer (kasgot). Magot flour has a protein level of 30,15–31,49% and kasgot had a nitrogen content of 0,52–1,19%, according to this experiments. Because of its high protein content, magot can be utilized as a substitute for chicken feed. In contrast, kasgot cannot be used as a planting medium mix due to its low nitrogen concentration, making it unsuitable for plant growth.
Keyword: magot, probiotik, sampah organik, organic waste, probiotic

Judul: Utilization of Post-Harvest Broiler Chicken Litter and Tofu Waste at Varying Levels for Maggot Production (Hermetia illucens)
Abstrak: Selain digunakan sebagai pupuk organik, litter ayam broiler pasca panen juga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai media pakan maggot, dengan penambahan media yang mudah terdegradasi seperti ampas tahu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh penggunaan litter ayam broiler pascapanen dan ampas tahu sebagai media pakan maggot pada berbagai level terhadap produksi maggot. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Perlakuan diberikan taraf yang berbeda: P1 (20% litter + 80% ampas tahu), P2 (40% litter + 60% ampas tahu), P3 (60% litter + 40% ampas tahu), dan P4 (80% litter + 20% ampas tahu). Parameter yang diamati meliputi karakteristik media final, bobot maggot, konsumsi pakan, waste reduction index (WRI) dan feed conversion ratio (FCR). Analisis data dilakukan dengan analysis of variance (ANOVA) dan uji Duncan melalui software SPSS. Hasil menunjukkan adanya pengaruh nyata (P<0,05) pada bobot maggot, konsumsi pakan, dan WRI, sedangkan FCR menunjukkan tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap produksi maggot. Perlakuan P1 merupakan perlakuan yang paling optimal untuk meningkatkan produksi maggot., Post-harvest broiler chicken litter can be used as organic fertilizer and feed media for maggots when combined with easily degraded tofu waste. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of post-harvest broiler chicken litter and tofu waste used as a feed media for maggots at different levels on maggot production. The study used a completely randomized design with four treatments and four replications, with treatments given at different levels: P1 (20% litter + 80% tofu waste), P2 (40% litter + 60% tofu waste), P3 (60% litter + 40% tofu waste), and P4 (80% litter + 20% tofu waste). The parameters observed included final media characteristics, maggot weight, feed consumption, WRI, and FCR. Data analysis was performed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's multiple range test via the SPSS software. Results revealed a significant effect (P<0.05) on maggot weight, feed consumption, and WRI, while FCR showed no significant effect (P>0.05) on maggot production. Treatment P1 is the most optimal treatment for increasing maggot production.
Keyword: ampas tahu, litter, maggot, produksi

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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