Judul: Potensi Antibakteri dan Analisis Emulsifikasi Biosurfaktan dari Isolat Bakteri Lokal
Abstrak: Inappropriate consumption of antibacterial agents in daily life triggers the resistance to these agents. Biosurfactants have potency for antimicrobial agent, however several reports on the application in biomedical sciences are still limited. This research aimed to perform characterization of purified biosurfactants through emulsification analysis and antibacterial potential againts Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. Antibacterial potency is determined using a modified microplate with Tetrazolium Blue Chloride (TBC) dye. Biosurfactants were isolated from cultivation of SR_DP.7, SR_DP.9 and BT-38-CP during 54 hours exposure time and recovered by centrifugation and extraction with ethyl acetate. The purified biosurfactant yields for each isolates were 0.95, 0.36, and 0.08 % respectively. Emulsification capacity of biosurfactant from SR_DP.7 was weaker than biosurfactants from SR_DP.9 and BT-38-CP. Antibacterial assay results showed that the biosurfactant from SR_DP.7 and SR_DP.9 has no antibacterial activity up to 10 000 ppm. Biosurfactant from BT-38-CP has antibacterial potency againts Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus at a concentration of 5000 ppm. The maximum wavelength for antibacterial assay was different each species, i.e. E. coli and P. aeruginosa was 620 nm, B. subtilis was 615 nm, and S. aureus was 595 nm
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Judul: Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Penghasil Biosurfaktan
Abstrak: Aktivitas petrogenik dan pirogenik di wilayah pesisir DKI Jakarta, khususnya sungai Cilincing mengakibatkan tercemarnya wilayah perairan oleh senyawa hidrokarbon. Bakteri penghasil biosurfaktan dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif penangan pencemaran tersebut karena bersifat lebih ramah lingkungan dan toksisitasnya rendah jika dibandingkan dengan surfaktan sintetis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengarakterisasi bakteri penghasil biosurfaktan dari sampel tanah Sungai Cilincing. Isolasi bakteri dilakukan dengan menggunakan Mineral Salt Media (MSM) dengan menggunakan sumber karbon berupa solar 2%. Karakterisasi dilakukan dengan menguji aktivitas hemolisis, drop-collapse test, dan oil-spreading test. Sebanyak 19 isolat berhasil diisolasi dari sampel tanah Sungai Cilincing yang dibedakan berdasarkan ciri morfologinya. Berdasarkan hasil pewarnaan Gram, 15 isolat tergolong Gram positif dan 4 isolat tergolong Gram negatif. Dari 19 isolat yang mampu tumbuh pada media MSM +2% solar, sebanyak 9 isolat memberi hasil positif pada lebih dari satu uji dan diduga mampu memproduksi biosurfaktan, namun hanya satu isolat yang memberikan hasil negatif pada pengujian aktivitas hemolisis, yaitu isolat STC234. Isolat tersebut memiliki nilai indeks emulsifikasi sebesar 44,665±0,001%., The petrogenic and pyrogenic activities in the coastal areas of DKI Jakarta, especially the Cilincing River, have resulted in the contamination of water areas by hydrocarbon compounds. Biosurfactant-producing bacteria can be used as an alternative solution to handle the pollution because it is more environmental friendly and has low toxicity compared to synthetic surfactants. This study aims to isolate and characterize biosurfactant-producing bacteria from Cilincing River soil samples. Bacterial isolation was carried out using Mineral Salt Media (MSM) using 2% diesel as a carbon source. Characterization was done by testing the activity of hemolysis, drop-collapse test, and oil-spreading test. Total of 19 isolates were isolated from Cilincing River soil samples which were differentiated based on their morphological characteristics. Based on the results of Gram staining, 15 isolates were classified as Gram positive and 4 isolates classified as Gram negative. From 19 isolates that were able to grow on MSM +2% diesel media, 9 isolates gave positive results in more than one test and assumed to be able to produce biosurfactants, but only one isolate gave negative results on hemolytic activity tests, namely isolate STC234. The isolate had an emulsification index value of 44.665±0.001%.
Keyword: bioremediation, biosurfactant, Cilincing River, emulsification, hydrocarbon

Judul: Closed Knight’s Tour pada Papan Catur Berbentuk Persegi Panjang dengan Ukuran Maksimal 8 × 8
Abstrak: Closed Knight’s Tour merupakan langkah kuda yang mengunjungi setiap kotak pada papan catur tepat satu kali dengan langkah kuda berawal dan berakhir pada kotak yang sama. Graf yang terbentuk dari closed knight’s tour dinotasikan sebagai graf G(m,n), dengan m adalah banyaknya baris dan n adalah banyaknya kolom. Graf tersebut memuat Hamiltonian cycle. Sebuah graf terhubung G adalah graf bipartite jika dan hanya jika graf tersebut tidak memiliki cycle dengan panjang ganjil. Papan catur yang memenuhi syarat cukup untuk memiliki closed knight’s tour adalah papan catur berukuran 5 × 6, 5 × 8, 6 × 6, 6 × 7, 6 × 8, 7 × 8, dan 8 × 8.
Keyword: bipartite, closed knight’s tour, hamiltonian cycle, knight’s tour, teori graf