Judul: Analysis of the Effect of  Formulation Variables on the Physicochemical Properties of Biopolymer  Microspheres
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh variasi variabel formulasi terhadap sifat fisikokimia mikrosfer berbahan dasar biopolimer. Metode yang digunakan adalah meta-analisis dengan pendekatan regresi linear sederhana. Variabel formulasi mikrosfer seperti kecepatan emulsifikasi, rasio obat-polimer, dan konsentrasi penaut silang berperan sebagai variabel bebas. Sifat fisikokimia mikrosfer seperti ukuran partikel, efisiensi enkapsulasi (%EE), dan laju pelepasan obat (%Drugrelease) berperan sebagai variabel terikat. Penarikan kesimpulan dilakukan berdasarkan nilai p-value, koefisien determinasi (R2), dan gradien. Morfologi mikrosfer diamati menggunakan citra hasil uji SEM. Interaksi obat polimer juga dianalisis melalui hasil uji DSC untuk analisis termal dan uji FTIR untuk analisis gugus fungsi., This study aims to analyze the effect of various formulation variables on the physicochemical properties of biopolymer microspheres. The method used is meta-analysis with a simple linear regression approach. The microsphere formulation variables such as stirring speed, drug-polymer ratio, and crosslinker concentration act as independent variables. The physicochemical properties of microspheres such as particle size, encapsulation efficiency (%EE), and drug release rate (%Drugrelease) act as dependent variables. Conclusions are drawn based on the p-value, the coefficient of determination (R2), and the gradient. The morphology of the microspheres was observed using SEM results. Drug-polymer interactions were also analyzed by DSC for thermal analysis and FTIR for functional group analysis.
Keyword: biopolymer, meta-analysis,, microspheres, physicochemical properties

Judul: Degradasi in vitro mikrosfer polipaduan poli(asam laktat) dan poli (kaprolakton)
Abstrak: Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) are examples of polymer that can be used as a matrix in drug delivery system because of its degradability property. Drug encapsulation system could be achieved by microspheres formation with emulsion method. The aim of this research was to examine in vitro degradation of microspheres obtained from PLA-PCL polyblend at pH 7.4. Several stages in the study consisted of PLA synthesis, mixing of PLA-PCL in polyblend, microspheres formation, shape and texture observation, and in vitro degradation test. Synthesis PLA produced a polymer with molecular weight 6064 g/mol. Microspheres were formed by emulsification with polyvinylalcohol (PVA) 1.5% (v/v) as an emulsifier. Physical texture of the microspheres was observed with stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Degradation was analyzed weekly by measuring its molecular weight and viscosity using a digital viscometer, while its weight loss was measured using an analytical balance. The results showed that the composition of PLA microspheres: PCL (9:1) had degradation time faster than the others and it also affected morphological structure, viscosity, and weight of microsphere during degradation analysis. The higher the PLA composition the lower the viscosity value, therefore, the lower the molecular weight of microspheres. During degradation time, viscosity value and weight loss percentage decreased gradually. Kinetics of microsphere weight loss followed between zero and first order kinetic model.
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Judul: Populasi Dan Habitat Lutung Jawa (Trachypithecus Auratus) Di Cagar Alam Dungus Iwul Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: Cagar Alam Dungus Iwul (CADI) dengan luasan ± 9 ha merupakan salah satu habitat alami Lutung Jawa (Trachypithecus auratus). Menurut Daftar Merah IUCN status konservasi lutung jawa adalah vulnerable dan termasuk dalam daftar Appendix II CITES. Keberadaan lutung jawa di CADI sudah ada sejak tahun 1931. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan ditemukan dua kelompok lutung jawa yaitu kelompok 1 terdiri atas 24 individu dan kelompok 2 terdiri atas 2 individu. Sex ratio individu dewasa pada kelompok 1 (1:2.67) dan pada kelompok 2 (1:1). Aktivitas harian yang paling sering dilakukan adalah makan 41%. Wilayah jelajah seluas ± 6 ha dengan jumlah sebanyak 26 individu lutung jawa.Proporsi pakan lutung jawa didominansi oleh daun sebesar 76%. Tumbuhan iwul (Orania sylvicola) merupakan tumbuhan yang paling dominan. Pohon tidur lutung jawa paling banyak menggunakan pohon pohon kihujan(Engelhardtia spicata Lesh.), asem keranji (Dialum indum L) dan kibangkong (Endiandra rubescens). Aktivitas istirahat, makan dan aktivitas sosial lutung jawa banyak dilakukan pada strata A dan B, dan aktivitas berpindah banyak dilakukan pada strata C.
Keyword: habitat, lutung jawa, populasi