Judul: Port Service Improvement Strategy on Purse Seiner Activities Based at PPI Donggala
Abstrak: Donggala Fishery Port (PPI Donggala) was built as promising local fisheries potential as much as 18.022,7 tons. This port is equipped with various facilities, including a docking area, harbor pool, and other administrative facilities. Those facilities ease fishermen on their fishing activity, from fish landing to product marketing. Pane (2005) and Lubis (2012) explained that there are three main capture fisheries activities in fishing ports: (1) Fish landing, (2) Fishing need supply, (3) Marketing, and (4) Processing activities. One of the main factors that made PPI Donggala exist is Fishing Units called Purseiners. PPI Donggala Purseiners have been calculated 76 units using 10 to 30 Gross Tonnage Fishing Vessel. The ship operates fishing gear with a net length of 300 m to 450 m. The fishing trip is carried out for one day to six days around the Makassar Strait. It has been known by locals that most fishermen that used purse seine want not to land their catch in PPI Donggala. This phenomenon may lead to a decline in PPI Donggala's revenue that comes from retribution fees, ice supplies, and lodge rental for non-local fishermen (from Rp29.525.000,00 in 2016 to Rp25.575.000,00 in 2017. If this happens continuously, it will benefit other ports because the purse seine fishermen in Donggala will pay for mooring services and buy fishing supplies there instead. This activity results in the loss of mooring and business retribution opportunities sales of fishing supplies at PPI Donggala. Therefore, the PPI Donggala needs to identify the reasons for this case and find a way to make PPI Donggala the main port of local fishermen. These research objectives are: 1) identify factors of the absence of local purse seiner at PPI Donggala; 2) identify the technical and operational aspects of PPI Donggala, and 3) Develop a strategy for improving port services on the activities of purse seine fishing units based at PPI Donggala. This research was conducted from December 2019 to January 2020 at PPI Donggala, Donggala Regency, Central Sulawesi. This research using a study case approach. Data was collected from local purse seine fishermen through observation, interview, and literature study. Fishermen and Stakeholders of PPI Donggala were determined as respondents using Purposive Sampling based on the researcher's criteria (Kartikasari 2017) (Mboto et al. 2014). On the other hand, data were collected through accidental sampling that is most easily found or accessed (Perkasa et al. 2016). Data analysis methods are descriptive, comparative, quantitative, and SWOT. The results from identification of factors for not held landing activity of purse seine catch units Donggala, fishermen need 105 m of the dock, 5.719 m and 5,4 m of harbor pool depth and the area, building safety for net repair facilities, 304,000 liters of clean water/month for clean water facilities, 53,200 liters of diesel fuel/month on SPDN facilities, 12.160 blocks of ice/month at the ice factory facilities, boxes and clean water at the hygienic fish auction place (TPIH). The result shows that compared to PERMEN-KP RI NUMBER PER.08/MEN/2012 about Fishery Ports in Indonesia, it is said that PPI Donggala conditions are considered as appropriate. But,
Keyword: Donggala, Operational, Technical, Fishing Port, Strategy

Judul: Institutional Economics Study of PPI Paotere Fishing Port Management Makassar City
Abstrak: Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan (PPI) Paotere Kota Makassar merupakan pelabuhan yang dioperasikan oleh pemerintah. PPI Paotere berperan sebagai pusat kegiatan produksi, pengolahan, pemasaran ikan dan pembinaan kelompok nelayan di Kota Makassar. Aktivitas ekonomi pemanfaatan PPI Paotere oleh nelayan yang kurang efisien dan efektif berdampak pada keberhasilan pengelolaan pangkalan pendaratan ikan. Performa kelembagaan PPI Paotere merupakan hal lain yang masih perlu ditingkatkan dalam pengembangan pengelolaan perikanan di PPI Paotere. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menganalisis peranan dan kepentingan stakeholders dalam kelembagaan pengelolaan PPI Paotere, (2) mengidentifikasi kelembagaan yang berperan dalam pengelolaan PPI Paotere, (3) mengkaji struktur biaya transaksi di PPI Paotere, (4) mendesain kelembagaan baru di PPI Paotere. Medote penelitian digunakan adalah studi kasus. Metode pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan purposive sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis stakeholders, analisis peraturan, analisis biaya transaksi, dan analisis kelembagaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa stakeholders yang terlibat di PPI Paotere terdiri dari Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan, Dinas Perikanan dan Pertanian Kota Makassar, Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah (UPTD) PPI Paotere, Koperasi Insan Perikanan, Himpunan Nelayan Seluruh Indonesia (HNSI) Makassar, Pemerintah Kecamatan, Ketua Kelompok Nelayan, dan Dosen Perguruan Tinggi. Tatanan kelembagaan pengelolaan PPI Paotere masuk dalam kategori tipe ko-manajeman instruktif. Total biaya transaksi yang harus dikeluarkan pemerintah sebesar Rp 1.422.183.700/tahun dan total biaya transaksi yang harus dikeluarkan kelompok nelayan sebesar Rp 287.503.200 /tahun. Desain kelembagaan yang direkomendasikan adalah lembaga Musyawarah Masyarakat Pengelola Pelabuhan (MMPP) PPI Paotere untuk meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat nelayan yang masih rendah dalam pengelolaan peraturan pelabuhan perikanan., The Paotere Fish Landing Base (PPI) in Paotere Makassar city is a government operated port. PPI Paotere plays a role as the center for production, processing, marketing of fishery as well as fostering the fishermen groups. The inefficient and ineffective economic utilization activities of fisherman has an impact on the success of fish landing base management. The institutional performance of PPI Paotere is another case that still needs to be improved in developing fisheries management at PPI Paotere. Therefore, the objectives of this study are (1) to analyze the roles and interests of stakeholders in PPI Paotere management institutions, (2) to identify institutions that play a role in the management of PPI Paotere, (3) to examines the structure of transaction costs at PPI Paotere, (4) to design new institution at PPI Paotere. The collected data will be analyzed by stakeholder analysis, content analysis, transaction cost analysis, and institutional analysis. The sampling method used purposive sampling. The results of this research shows that the stakeholders involved in PPI Paotere consist of Marine and Fisheries Service of South Sulawesi Province, the Department of Fisheries and Agriculture Makassar City, the Regional Technical and Auction Unit (UPTD) of PPI Paotere, the Fisheries Cooperative, Indonesian Fishermen Association (HNSI) Makassar City, District Government, Head of Fishermen Groups, and Lecturers. The institutional arrangements for the management of PPI Paotere categorized as co-management types. The total transaction costs beared by the government in PPI Paotere management is Rp 1.422.183.700 annually and the total transaction costs incurred by the fishermen group in PPI Paotere Port management is Rp 287.503.200 annually. The recommended institutional design is The PPI Paotere
Keyword: co-management, institutional design, stakeholder analysis, transaction cost

Judul: Orbit elektron dan probabilitas level energi sistem chaotic atom hidrogen
Abstrak: a. Mendapatkan orbit elektron sistem chaotic atom hidrogen (dalam koordinat semiparabolik). b. Mendapatkan probabilitas dua level energi yang berdekatan dari sistem chaotic atom hidrogen.
Keyword: Atom, Orbit Elektron