Judul: Karakterisasi Morfologi, Anatomi, dan Kandungan Fitokimia Tanaman Handeuleum (Graptophyllum Pictum L. Griff)
Abstrak: Graptophyllum pictum L. Griff, called caricature plant is commonly used as medicinal plant. Caricature plant is indigenous plant as was reported to prosses that can function as uncer, laxative, and menstruation problem. However, there were very limited information about caricature plant accession with high biomass and high phytochemical content. Therefore exploration to habitat of caricature plant or their production site is needed to obtain caricature plant accessions with high biomass and high phytochemical content. The objective of this study was to explore the diversity of caricature plant accessions, morphology, anatomy, and phytochemicals caricature plant. This study also objected to analize and the similarity level of 32 caricature plant accesions, and study the agroecological correlation with morphology, anatomy, and phytochemicals contents of those accessions. The research was conducted in Indonesian Medicinal and Aromatics Crop Research Institute (IMACRI) Cimanggu Bogor. The study was started in June 2008 until September 2009. Plant material use in this study was stem cutting of caricature plant from various locations which previous explorased by KKP3T research team, include West Java, Central Java, East Java, Central Kalimantan, South Kalimantan, Ambon, Papua, and IMACRI collections. This experiment was arranged in completely randomized design with single factor (32 caricature plant accessions based on area of origin) and two replications. One replication consisted of 10 plants. The results showed caricature plants fom different location have similarity with plant morphology include sectional stem cross shape, the surface of the stem, branching, leaf base shape, nervatio, and leaf abaxial surface. The diversity of plant morphology shape of leaves and leaf edges. Leaf anatomy analysis result showed that leaf thickness was similar between handeuleum accessions originated from various locations. In contrast, there was variation in the stomatal density of handeuleum accessions. Phytochemical analysis of caricature plant leaves showed that all of the caricature plant accessions have high alkaloids and glycosides content. There were variations in saponin, tanin, phenolic, flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroid content of caricature plant accessions.
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Judul: Praseleksi Sifat Resistensi Tanaman Handeuleum [Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff.] terhadap Doleschallia bisaltide Cramer (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
Abstrak: Caricature plant is one of the medicinal plants developed in Indonesia. The leaves of this plant can be used for treating hemorrhoids, cleaning blood especially after uttering and menstruation, rheumatism, and preventing teeth plaque. The biggest problem in caricature plant development is Doleschallia bisaltide (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) attack. Resistance variety is one of the ways to solve this problem. Generally, plants have resistance mechanism to prevent herbivore attack. Therefore, it is needed to study caricature plant-D. bisaltide interaction to find varietal control for this insect. The objective of this research is to do early selection on 13 accessions of caricature plant for resistance to D. bisaltide. Moreover, we also interest to identify resistance level of 13 caricature plant accessions to D.bisaltide. This research was divided into three studies, including a) morphology and phytochemical identification on thirteen accessions of caricature plant; b) oviposition preference of adult D. bisaltide on thirteen accessions of caricature plant; and c) D. bisaltide larvae consumption activity preference of on thirteen accessions of caricature plant. All studies were done at Indonesian for Medicinal and Aromatic Crops Research Institute (BALITTRO) from May 2009 until February 2010. Thirteen accessions of caricature plant were come from exploration result of Khumaida et.al in year 2008. Based on qualitative analysis, there were changes in each kind of secondary metabolites after D.bisaltide larvae feeding, there were no change in tannin and alkaloid contains, but there decreases in flavonoid, glycoside, and steroid. It was found increasing of triterpenoid and saponin contain after attack caricature plant leaves. Moreover, there was an increased in calcium and C/N ratio on almost caricature plant accessions. Caricature plant colors tend to influenced adult oviposition preference. Based on all observation, it can be concluded that accession 12 was resistant to D. bisaltide attack with antixenosis mechanism. Accession 1, 2, 5, and 9 were susceptible to D. bisaltide. Chlorophyll might be used as selection character. By this research, we haven’t identified about antibiosis mechanism yet.
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Judul: Zero-inflated negative binomial models in small area estimation.
Abstrak: The problem of over-dispersion in Poisson data is usually solved by introducing prior distributions which lead to negative binomial models. Poisson data sometime is also suffered by excess zero problems, a condition when data contains too many zero or exceeds the distribution's expectation. Zero Inflated Negative Binomial (ZINB) method can be utilized to solve such problems. This paper demonstrates the adaption of ZINB methods in Small Area Estimation with excess zero data. It is shown that the excess zero problem has substantially influenced the Empirical Bayes (EB) estimates, and the adaption of ZINB methods has improved the precision and reliability of the estimates. Key Words: Small Area Estimation, Zero-Inflation, Poisson-Gamma, Negative Binomial Regression, Empirical Bayes
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