Judul: Pemberian pakan buatan pada larva ikan lele (Clarias batrachus L.)
Abstrak: Percobaan ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Basah SPP-SUPM Negeri Cikaret, Bogor, mulai 7 Maret sampai dengan 20 Agustus 1991 dan bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh saat awal pemberian pakan buatan pada larva ikan lele (Clarias batrachus L.) terhadap pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidupnya. Pada pelaksanaannya terdiri dari dua bagian, yaitu percobaan utama dan percobaan penunjang. Percobaan utama menggunakan sembilan wadah berupa ember plastik berwarna hitam, berukuran diameter dasarnya 20 cm, tinggi 25 cm dan diameter atasnya 25 cm dan diisi air sebanyak lima liter. Kesembilan wadah tersebut diletakkan pada bak gelas fiber berukuran 125 x 80 x 80 cm yang diisi air setinggi 5 cm. Pengaturan letak ember plastik pada bak gelas fiber dilakukan secara acak. Wadah untuk percobaan penunjang adalah tiga buah akuarium berukuran 80 x 40 x 40 cm yang diisi air setinggi 15 cm. Percobaan utama menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga perlakuan ( saat awa·l pember ian pakan buatan umur 6, 12 dan 18 hari) dengan tiga ulangan. Setiap wadah untuk percobaan utama masingmasing diisi 25 ekor larva ikan lele dan untuk percobaan penunjang diisi 500 ekor larva ikan berumur enam hari serta mendapat perlakuan sama seperti percobaan utama. Larva dari akuarium digunakan untuk analisis proksimat, aktivitas enzim protease setiap enam hari sekali dan pengamatan epitel usus pada umur 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 dan 22 hari. dst ...
Keyword: pakan buatan, larva ikan lele, Clarias batrachus L

Judul: Pengaruh salinitas terhadap kelangsungan hidup larva ikan lele (Clarias batrachus L.)
Abstrak: Suatu penelitian telah dilakukan dari tanggal Maret sampai 12 April 1989 di Instalasi Kolam Percobaan Cibalagung, Balai Penelitian Perikanan Air Tawar, Bogor. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui salinitas yang memberikan kelangsungan hidup larva ikan lele (Clarias batrachus L.) yang maksimum. Untuk itu dilakukan pengamatan jumlah ikan yang hidup dan sebagai penunjang dilakukan penimbangan bobot ikan yang diberi makan naupli Artemia salina umur satu hari, serta pengukuran fisika-kimia air selama penelitian. Ikan yang digunakan adalah larva ikan lele umur 5 hari dengan bobot dan panjang rata-rata masing-masing 18,46 mg dan 8,74 mm, yang diperoleh dari pemijahan induk secara alami. Wadah percobaan yang digunakan yaitu akuarium kaca yang berukuran panjang 40 cm, lebar 40 dan tinggi 25 cm sebanyak 15 buah. masing-masing diisi air sebanyak 15 cm Wadah tersebut liter dengan salinitas tertentu dan diaerasi. Tiap-tiap wadah diisi larva ikan lele sebanyak 90 ekor dan pakan berupa naupli Artemia salina diberikan sebanyak 110 % pada minggu pertama, 85% pada minggu kedua, 60% pada minggu ketiga dan 35% dari bobot badan per hari pada minggu keempat. Pakan diberikan sebanyak tiga kali dalam sehari yaitu pada pukul 08.00, 13.00 dan 18.00 masing-masing sebanyak 25, 25 dan 50% dari total pakan yang diberikan per hari. Percobaan ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan lima perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan tersebut adalah salinitas air 0, 3, 6, 9 dan 12 /00. Jumlah ikan yang mati dihitung setiap hari, sedangkan penimbangan ikan dilakukan pada awal penelitian dan setiap tujuh hari kemudian. ...
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Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite