Judul: BOSSWELIC ACID AS HAEMOPROTECTOR IN  SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS (Rattus novergicus)  INDUCED BY CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE
Abstrak: Pemberian obat siklofosfamid (SP) dapat memicu stres oksidatif menyebabkan hematotoksisitas dan mielotoksisitas, oleh karena itu diperlukan agen kemoprotektif. Boswellic acid (BA), merupakan obat herbal, mempunyai efek anti-oksidan dan anti-inflamasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui potensi boswellic acid sebagai hemoprotektor. Tikus dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok, masing-masing kelompok terdiri atas 5 ekor tikus yang dibagi secara acak. Kelompok sehat (KS), kelompok siklofosfamid (KSP), kelompok pembanding (KSD), dan kelompok BA (K1; K2; K3) diberikan BA dengan dosis 250 mg/kg BB oral selama 6 hari berturut-turut dan masing-masing diberikan SP dengan dosis 150 mg/kg BB secara i.p pada hari ke 1 (K1), hari ke 4 (K2), dan hari ke 6 (K3). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian BA dapat membantu meningkatkan/ mempertahankan jumlah hemoglobin, hematokrit, eritrosit, dan platelet. Pemberian BA selama 6 hari (K3) dan 4 hari (K2) terlebih dahulu sebelum diberikan SP memberikan hasil yang lebih baik pada parameter hematologi dibandingkan pemberian BA bersamaan dengan SP (K1). Kelompok K3 (pemberian BA selama 6 hari sebelum diberikan SP) menunjukkan nilai paling baik pada parameter hematologi dibandingkan kelompok lain termasuk daripada dengan kontrol KSD sebagai pembanding. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa Boswellic acid mempunyai potensi sebagai agen hemoprotektor pada tikus yang diberi siklofosfamid., Administration of the chemotherapy drug “cyclophosphamide” can trigger oxidative stress that causes hematotoxicity and myelotoxicity, therefore an agent that can suppress the negative effects of cyclophosphamide is needed. Boswellic acid is an herbal medicine that has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this study was to determine the potential of Boswellic acid as a haemoprotector in rats induced by cyclophosphamid. Animal were allocated in to six groups, each group consisting of 5 rats. The KS group: healthy control group, KSP: cyclophosphamide control group; KSD: comparison control group, and boswellic acid treatment groups (K1; K2; K3). The KSD, KSP, K1, K2, K3 groups were given cyclophosphamide (SP) at dose of 150 mg/kg body weight (BW) i.p. Boswellic acid (BA) treatment groups was given BA at dose of 250 mg/kg BW orally for 6 consecutive days and given SP on different days: K1 (D-1), K2 (D-4) , and K3 (D-6). The results showed that BA administration can help increase/maintain the amount of hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocytes, and platelets. Administrating BA for 6 days (K3) consecutively before SP has shown better results on hematological parameters compared to the other groups including the blood-boosting supplement group (KSD) as a comparison control. These results suggest that BA may have a potential herbal therapeutic agents that can mitigate cyclophosphamide-induced hematotoxicity manifestations
Keyword: boswellic acid, siklofosfamid, hemoprotektor

Judul: Antioxidant Analysis of Endophytic Fungus Extract of Soursop Leaf Phomopsis sp. on Liver Function of DMBA-Induced Sprague-Dawley Rats.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan efek senyawa 7,12-dimetilbenz(a)antrasena (DMBA) pada tikus betina galur Sprague-Dawley dan efektivitas Phomopsis sp. sebagai antioksidan. Metode penelitian melibatkan pengukuran kadar malondialdehida (MDA), dan aktivitas enzim hati (ALT dan AST). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa DMBA meningkatkan kadar radikal bebas yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya kadar MDA secara signifikan menjadi 27,25 ± 6,11 nm/g hati (Kontrol negatif), dan terbukti bahwa Phomopsis sp. mampu menurunkan kadar MDA sampai 11,71 ± 1,42 nm/g hati dengan dosis 40mg/kg bb. Aktivitas enzim ALT dan AST juga meningkat walau tidak signifikan pada kelompok yang diinduksi DMBA sebesar 38,89 ± 7,66 U/L dibandingkan Kelompok Normal sebesar 34.97 ± 3.35 U/L . Sementara itu, Phomopsis sp. dosis 40mg/kg bb berbeda signifikan dengan nilai ALT mencapai 67,97 ± 11,79 U/L dan AST mencapai 75,66 ± 1,53 U/L. Namun, pemberian Phomopsis sp. dosis 10mg/kg bb dan 20mg/kg bb dapat menurunkan aktivitas enzim ini. Simpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Phomopsis sp. memiliki potensi sebagai antioksidan yang efektif dalam mengurangi stres oksidatif akibat paparan DMBA., This study aimed to determine the effects of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) compound on female Sprague-Dawley rats and the effectiveness of Phomopsis sp. as an antioxidant. The research methods involved the measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and liver enzyme activities (ALT and AST). The results showed that DMBA increased the levels of free radicals characterized by increasing MDA levels significantly to 27,25 ± 6,11 nm/g liver from the Negative Control, and it was proven that Phomopsis sp. was able to reduce MDA levels to 11,71 ± 1,42 nm/g liver at a dose of 40mg/kg bw. ALT and AST enzyme activities also increased although not significantly in the DMBA-induced group at 38,896 ± 7,661 U/L compared to the Normal Group at 34,96 ± 3,35 U/L . Meanwhile, Phomopsis sp. with 40mg/kg bw dosage was significantly different with values reaching 67,97 ± 11,79 U/L and AST reaching 75,66 ± 1,53 U/L. However, the administration of Phomopsis sp. 10mg/kg bw and 20mg/kg bw can reduce the activity of these enzymes. The conclusion of this study shows that Phomopsis sp. has the potential as an effective antioxidant in reducing oxidative stress due to DMBA exposure.
Keyword: MDA, ALT, AST, DMBA, Phomopsis sp.

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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