Judul: Permukaan Respon Pengaruh Agitasi dan Lama degradasi Lignin Limbah Cair Pabrik Kelapa Sawit oleh Konsorsium Kapang Secara Aerobik
Abstrak: The response surface of the cultivation time and agitation rate on lignin degradation in the palm oil mill effluent (POME) were investigated. The effect of agitation rate was measured at range 100-150 rpm. Meanwhile, the effect the cultivation time was analyzed in range of two to six days. The influences of factors were analyzed using center point design . However, surface response relationship between both factors on lignin degradation was determined by using central composite design (CCD). As a result, the agitation rate was significantly (93.53%) reduced the lignin degradation. The surface response of cutivation time and agitation rate effect was a saddle point with Y= -0.17131 + 0.006315X1 - 0.021844X2 - 0.000032X12 + 0.000068X1X2 + 0.001474X22.
Keyword: cultivation time., agitation, consortia, aerobic, delignification, Palm Oil Mill Effluent

Judul: Permukaan Respon Pengaruh Agitasi Dan Lama Degradasi Selulosa Limbah Cair Pabrik Kelapa Sawit Oleh Konsorsium Kapang Secara Aerobik.
Abstrak: The response surface of agitation and cultivation time were investigated on the degradation of cellulose in palm oil mill effluents (POME). The effect of agitation was measured at range of 100 -150 rpm. Meanwhile, the effect of cultivation time was analyzed at range of two to six days. The influences of factors were analyzed by using center point design and response surface of relationship between both factors towards cellulose degradation was determined by using central composite design. As a result, the agitation rate was significantly (89.22 %) and cultivation time was significantly (53.33 %) reduced the cellulose degradation. The response surface of agitation rate and cultivation time effect was a saddle point with Y= 0.563333 - 0.218137X1 - 0.087752X2 - 0.071667X12 + 0.002265X1X2 + 0.098334X22.
Keyword: aerobic, concortia, cellulose, degradation, cultivation time, agitation, Palm Oil Mill Effluents

Judul: Karakteristik Anatomi Skelet Kepala Buaya senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii).
Abstrak: Buaya sepit atau senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii) merupakan jenis buaya asli Indonesia yang berhabitat di sungai-sungai Sumatera, Kalimantan, dan juga pedalaman Sulawesi. Salah satu ciri khas buaya senyulong adalah bentuk moncong yang runcing dan sempit, namun hingga saat ini informasi mengenai struktur skelet kepala buaya senyulong sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik anatomi skelet kepala buaya senyulong yang dikatikan dengan fungsi dan perilakunya. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksploratif dengan melakukan pengamatan, pencatatan, dan pengambilan gambar dari skelet kepala buaya senyulong. Skelet kepala berukuran panjang 70 cm, lebar 29 cm, dan tingggi 17 cm dengan permukaan kasar pada os nasale, os frontale, os maxilla, os mandibula, os lacrimale, os jugale. Jumlah gigi pada buaya ini sebanyak 78 buah, terdiri dari 4 buah gigi premaxila, 16 buah gigi maxila, dan 19 buah gigi mandibula. Pada regio orbitalis ditemukan dua pasang fenestrae temporales yang berkembang baik. Fenestra supratemporale merupakan lubang oval yang membentang di sepanjang os parietale. Fenestra infratemporale berbentuk segitiga dan dibatasi oleh os squamosum, os postorbitale, os jugulare, dan os quadratum. Os mandibula hewan ini mempunyai symphysis mandibularis yang panjang yaitu garis yang melintang di corpus mandibulae. Secara fungsional ukuran symphysis mandibularis berkaitan dengan adaptasi hewan terhadap diet makan.
Keyword: kepala, moncong, Tomistoma schlegelii