Judul: Physicochemical and Microbiological Characteristics of Dried  Fermented Milk with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum IIA-1A5
Abstrak: Produk fermentasi susu dengan kultur bakteri probiotik memiliki manfaat bagi kesehatan. Namun, susu fermentasi cair rentan terhadap kerusakan, sehingga diperlukan metode perlindungan seperti enkapsulasi menggunakan spray dryer untuk menjaga viabilitas probiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis sift fisikokimia dan mikrobiologi susu fermentasi bubuk dengan L. plantarum subsp. plantarum IIA-1A5 menggunakan berbagai konsentrasi maltodekstrin dan susu skim sebagai bahan enkapsulasi. Peubah yang dianalisis meliputi rendemen, pH, aktivitas air (aw), total padatan terlarut, kadar air, total asam tertitrasi, dan jumlah bakteri asam laktat. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji T dengan dua perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Penambahan maltodekstrin dan susu skim mampu meningkatkan rendemen produk, menurunkan kadar air dan total asam tertitrasi, serta mempertahankan jumlah bakteri asam laktat selama proses spray drying. Penambahan maltodekstrin dan susu skim (20%:20%) dapat memperbaiki mutu susu fermentasi bubuk., Fermented milk products containing probiotic bacterial cultures offer significant health benefits. However, liquid fermented milk is susceptible to spoilage, necessitating protective methods such as encapsulation via spray drying to preserve probiotic viability. This study aims to analyze the physicochemical and microbiological properties of powdered fermented milk with L. plantarum subsp. plantarum IIA-1A5, utilizing various concentrations of maltodextrin and skim milk as encapsulating agents. The parameters analyzed include yield, pH, water activity (aw), total dissolved solids, moisture content, total titratable acidity, and lactic acid bacteria count. Data analysis was conducted using a T-test with two treatments and three replications. The addition of maltodextrin and skim milk increased product yield, reduced moisture content and total titratable acidity, and maintained the lactic acid bacteria count during the spray drying process. Incorporating maltodextrin and skim milk (20%:20%) can enhance the quality of powdered fermented milk.
Keyword: dried fermented milk, encapsulated, maltodextrin, milk skim

Judul: Karakteristik  Fisikokimia dan Mikrobiologi Dried Fermented Milk Lactiplantibacillus  plantarum IIA-1A5 dengan Penambahan Pektin Bubuk
Abstrak: Susu fermentasi bubuk dapat menjadi alternatif produk minuman probiotik yang memiliki umur simpan lama, lebih praktis, dan mudah didistribusikan. Bahan yang dapat ditambahkan untuk meningkatkan kualitas produk adalah pektin. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakteristik fisikokimia (Aw, kadar air, pH, total asam tertitrasi, total padatan terlarut, dan viskositas), dan karakteristik mikrobiologi (total bakteri asam laktat/BAL) dried fermented milk dengan penambahan pektin bubuk sebesar 0%, 5%, dan 10%. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan pektin bubuk pada dried fermented milk rekonstitusi berpengaruh signifikan (p < 0,05) terhadap semua karakteristik fisikokimia (Aw, kadar air, pH, total asam tertitrasi, dan viskositas) kecuali total padatan terlarut. Sementara itu, hasil uji pada dried fermented milk menunjukkan bahwa penambahan pektin bubuk tidak berpengaruh signifikan (p > 0,05) terhadap nilai Aw dan kadar air. Pada pengujian total BAL, penambahan pektin bubuk pada dried fermented milk dan rekonstitusi menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan., Dried fermented milk can be an alternative probiotic alternative probiotic drink product that had a long shelf life, more practical, and easy to distribute. Materials that can be added to improve product quality are pectin. This study aims to analyze the physicochemical characteristics (Aw, water content, pH, total titratable acid, total dissolved solids, and viscosity), and microbiological characteristics (total lactic acid bacteria/LAB) of dried fermented milk with the addition of pectin powder of 0%, 5%, and 10%. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD). The results showed that the addition of pectin powder to reconstituted dried fermented milk had a significant effect (p < 0,05) on all physicochemical characteristics (Aw, water content, pH, total titratable acid, and viscosity) except for total dissolved solids. Meanwhile, the test results on dried fermented milk showed that the addition of pectin powder did not have a significant effect (p > 0,05) on the Aw value and water content. In the total LAB test, the addition of pectin powder to dried fermented milk and reconstitution showed a significant effect.
Keyword: microbiological quality, physicochemical quality, Fisikokimia, mikrobiologi, dried fermented milk, pectin powder, susu fermentasi bubuk, pektin bubuk

Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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