Judul: Dampak liberalisasi perdagangan terhadap keragaan industri kopi indonesia dan perdagangan kopi dunia
Abstrak: Perubahan kebijakan perdagangaan regional berupa liberalisasi perdagangan sesuai dengan ratifikasi Indonesia dengan AFTA dm WTO, serta perubahan kebijakan dari negara-negara pesaing perdagangan kopi Indonesia di pasar dunia yang juga bermuara pada liberalisasi perdagangan, akan menyebbkan peruhahan pada keragaan industri kopi Indonesia dan perdagangan kopi dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak likralisasi perdagangan baik S a r a sepihak ataupun bersamaan oleh Indonesia dm negara-negara pesaing Indonesia yang meli puti penghapusan tarif dan non tariff, terhadap keragaan industri kopi Indonesia dan keragaan kopi negara eksportir dan importir utama kopi dunia., Changes of policy of regional trade in the form of trade liberalization as according to Indonesia ratification with AFTA and WTO, and also changes of policy of nations competitors which also have estuary to at trade liberalization, will cause changes of industry coffee Indonesia and of world coffee. This research to analyze impact of trade liberalization either through party and or at the other by Indonesia and nations competitor of Indonesia covering abolition of tariff and non tariff barrier, to performance of the Indonesia industry coffee and major of exporter and importer of world coffee.
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Judul: Dampak Kebijakan Pemerintah terhadap  Profitabilitas dan Dayasaing Kopi Robusta  Indonesia
Abstrak: Sektor pertanian sebagai bagian integral dari sistem pembangunan nasional, memiliki peran yang penting dan strategis dalam rangka memulihkan kembali perekonomian Indonesia. Salah satu komoditi unggulan sektor pertanian sejak Pelita I adalah kopi. Produksi biji kopi Indonesia terbesar disuplai dari perkebunan rakyat, sehingga peningkatan dayasaing kopi di pasar domestik dan intekonal diharapkan dapat meningkatkan profitabilitas petani kopi Berbagai kebijakan telah dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah dalam rangka mengatur perdagangan kopi Indonesia, diantaranya SK Menteri Perindusbian dan Perdagangan No. 29/MPP/KepN1999. Kebijakan ini tidak terlepas dari hasil kesepakatan dengan negara-negara produsen kopi dunia yang tergabung dalam Association of Coffee Producing Countries (ACPC).
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Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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