Judul: Analisis struktur Modal yang Optimum pada Perusahaan Telekomunikasi yang Terdaftar di BEI
Abstrak: Capital structure is an equalization between the use of own capital and the loan. Weighted average cost of capital (WACC) concept is used on the condition when the company apply combination of several sources of fund. From this research it is known that the telecommunication industry has capital structure which is dominated by Common Stocks with an average proportion of 54.21%, bonds about 38,90% and the rest is preferred stock 9,81%. From the WACC calculation, it can be seen that the telecommunication industry has the WACC about 12,41%. while, based on the calculation of firm value, the company in sector of telecommunication industry has average firm value which is higher than the book value. By the WACC and firm value calculation, PT. Indosat Tbk. has capital structure that’s optimum, and PT. XL Axiata Tbk. does not quiet optimum. It is expected that PT. XL Axiata Tbk. can minimalized the cost of capital to increasing the firm value. Meanwhile, the WACC concept does not apply to PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk.
Keyword: optimal capital structure, cost of capital, firm value, capital Structure

Judul: Optimal Capital Structure, Investment Decision, Liquidity and Firm's Value in Telecommunication's Sector
Abstrak: Perusahaan mempunyai tujuan untuk meningkatkan nilai perusahaan karena semakin tinggi nilai perusahaan maka akan meningkatkan kemakmuran bagi para pemegang saham, sehingga para pemegang saham akan menginvestasikan modalnya kepada perusahaan tersebut. Nilai perusahaan merupakan persepsi investor terhadap tingkat keberhasilan perusahaan yang dikaitkan dengan harga saham karena harga pasar saham perusahaan mencerminkan penilaian investor atas keseluruhan ekuitas yang dimiliki. Semakin tinggi harga saham maka nilai perusahaan dan kemakmuran pemegang saham juga akan meningkat. Dalam penelitian ini faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi nilai perusahaan, struktur modal optimal dan variabel yang paling dominan dalam memengaruhi nilai perusahaan akan dipelajari. Populasi penelitian ini terdiri dari perusahaan telekomunikasi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dalam periode 2009 hingga 2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa struktur modal dan keputusan investasi berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan, sementara likuiditas, profitabilitas dan pertumbuhan perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan. Selain itu penggunaan komposisi struktur modal optimal berada pada kisaran 20% utang jangka panjang dan 80% saham biasa untuk perusahaan TLKM. Pada perusahaan ISAT komposisi struktur modal optimal berada pada kisaran 28% saham biasa dan 72% saham preferen. Pada perusahaan EXCL komposisi struktur modal optimal berada pada kisaran 53% utang jangka panjang dan 47% saham preferen. Pada perusahaan FREN komposisi struktur modal optimal berada pada kisaran 28% utang jangka panjang dan 72% saham preferen. Sementara pada perusahaan BTEL komposisi struktur modal optimal berada pada kisaran 52% utang jangka panjang dan 48% saham preferen, agar menghasilkan biaya modal yang minimum serta nilai perusahaan yang maksimum. Untuk variabel yang paling dominan memengaruhi nilai perusahaan adalah struktur modal dan keputusan investasi dengan kriteria inelastis., The company has a goal to increase the firm’s value because the higher the value of the company will increase prosperity for shareholders, so the shareholders will invest their capital in the company. Firm’s value is the investor's perception of the level of success of the company that is associated with stock prices because the market price of the company's shares reflects the investor's assessment of the overall equity owned. The higher the stock price, the value of the company and the prosperity of shareholders will also increase. In this research the factors that influence firm value, optimal capital structure and the most dominant variables in influencing company value will be studied. The population of this study consists of telecommunications companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2009 to 2018. The results showed that capital structure and investment decisions affect the firm’s value, while liquidity, profitability and company growth do not affect the firm’s value. In addition, the optimal use of the capital structure composition is in the range of 20% long-term debt and 80% ordinary shares for TLKM companies. In ISAT company the optimal capital structure composition is in the range of 28% common shares and 72% preferred shares. In the EXCL company, the optimal capital structure composition is in the range of 53% long-term debt and 47% preferred stock. In FREN company, the optimal capital structure composition is in the range of 28% long-term debt and 72% preferred stock. Meanwhile, for BTEL, the optimal capital structure composition is in the range
Keyword: Struktur Modal Optimal, Keputusan Investasi, Likuiditas, Nilai Perusahaan, Capital Structure, Investment Decision, Liquidity, Optimal Capital Structure

Judul: Sarcosporidiasis in slaughter animals
Abstrak: Sarcocystis which belong to the generally occuring parasites for they are found almost all over the countries of the world. Infection of Sarcocystis usually throught inges- tion of feces or flesh of infected animals. The pathogenesis of Sarcosporidiasis is considered as benign but when the Sarcocystis die in a host, sarcocystin or sarcosporidin is liberated thereby which lead to condemnation of meat in the abattoir. Besides condemnation of meat, Sarcocystis also causes: loss of appetite, anemia, lameness, weakness in the lion, diarrhea, fever, pyrexia, paralysis, emaciation, neuro logical disturbances, etc. " Amprolium "at the rate of 100 mg/Kg body weight per day has been practiced for prevention or to minimize Sarco- sporidiasis. Treatment must be started during incubation period. Shedding of Sarcocystis sporocysts in the feces of carnivores is the key factor in the spread of Sarcocystis infection. Therefore, control efforts must be based primarily on measures designed to break the cycle of Sarcocystis.
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