Judul: Analisis kelayakan penggunaan panas bumi pada pengolahan teh hitam
Abstrak: Kebutuhan energi yang semakin meningkat dan terbatasnya persediaan sumber energi konvensional mengharuskan pengembangan sumber energi altematif non konvensional. Dalam kaitan ini, energi panas bumi (geothermal) merupakan altematif yang potensial dan patut dipertimbangkan. Salah satu pemanfaatan energi ini yaitu sebagai sumber daya panas dalam pengolahan hasil pertanian. Proses pengolahan teh umumnya menggunakan bahan bakar Internal Diesel Oil eIDO) sebagai sumber energi. Terdapatnya sumber energi altematif lain seperti panas bumi perlu dipeliimbangkan sebagai pengganti IDO, kbususnya pada proses pelayuan dan pengeringan. Untuk itu perlu adanya suatu analisa mengenai kelayakan penggantian sumber energi tersebut dalam suatu industri.
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Judul: Audit Energi Pada Proses Pengolahan Teh Hitam di Perkebunaan Assam Jaya Negara Indah Sukabumi, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Teh (Camelia Sinensis. L) adalah salah salU hasil pertanian dari sub sektor perkebunan, merupakan penghasil devisa bagi negara. Dalam proses produksi teh, aspek efisiensi penggunaan energi tidak dapat dipisahkan dari setiap kesatuan produksi, sebab agroindustri khususnya industri pengolahan teh merupakan suatu bisnis yang harus menguntungkan sehingga dapat berkelanjutan. Audit energi merupakan langkah awal dalam pelaksanaan efisiensi dan konservasi energi·. Audit energi dapat membantu memberikan gambaran penggunaan energi pada suatu proses produksi dan identifikasi terjadinya pemborosan energi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan perhitungan energi (Energy Auditing) pada proses produksi teh hitam di perkebunan Assam Jayanegara Indah, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat. Sedangkan sasaran yang ingin dicapai adalah mengetahui jumlah dan jenis encrgi yang dihasilkan untuk menghasilkan per satuan produk teh hitam serta mengetahui aliran energi dalam proses produksi terscbut. Dari hasil anal isis cnergi akan diketahui sejauh mana usaha-usaha konsentrasi energi dapat dilakukan.
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Judul: The Construction of Greedy SVP LLL Algorithm
Abstrak: A lattice is a set of all integer linear combination of a set of linearly independent vectors in ℝ𝑛���. The independent vectors are called bases of lattice. Any lattice can be generated from many bases, and these bases have the same cardinality. In the lattice, the most fundamental and renowned problem is the Shortest Vector Problem (SVP). SVP is a tracking problem of the shortest nonzero vector in a lattice with equivalent bases. In two dimensions, SVP problem has resolved exactly by Gauss’ algorithm. When the lattice dimension is higher than two, A.K. Lenstra, H.W. Lenstra and L. Lovasz gave a LLL algorithm to compute approximation of nonzero shortest vector in the lattice. Reduced bases solution obtained from LLL algorithm still be an approximation and has polynomial running time of arbitrary dimension which large enough. In 1994, Schnoor and Euchner modified this LLL algorithm as a new variant which later was named deep insertion LLL algorithm. This algorithm is a modified version of the LLL algorithm to the terms of the exchange step to improve the accuracy of output of LLL reduced bases and applying it to the subset sum problem. The purpose of this research are: (1) Reconstruct the LLL algorithm and deep insertion LLL algorithm using a geometric approach. (2) Construct a greedy SVP LLL algorithm. (3) Implement the three algorithms in a symbolic programming language, and evaluate them experimentally. A bases ℬ=[𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑛���] in ℝ𝑚��� is called reduced LLL with parameter 𝛿��� if satisfies: (a) |𝜇���𝑗���𝑖���|≤12, for every integer 𝑖���,𝑗��� with 1≤𝑖���<𝑗���<𝑛���. (b)𝛿���‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���)‖2≤‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���+1)‖2, for 𝑗���=1,2,…,𝑛���−1,where 𝛿��� is a reduced parameter of real numbers with 14<𝛿���<1. The first requirement is the reduced basis 𝛿��� must “nearly orthogonal” and in its computation case, this requirement can be reached out by using the Gram-Schmidt’s orthogonalization. While the second requirement is called exchange step, or used to called as Lovasz condition. By using both of these requirements, then they establish the LLL algorithm. Then, Schnoor and Euchner modify the LLL algorithm based on the requirements of the exchange step called the deep insertion LLL algorithm, where the exchange step is based on the comparison of the projected vector in orthogonal complement [𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑘���−1]⊥ after j-th reduction. To construct greedy SVP LLL algorithm, the requirements of the exchange step is based on purely by comparing norm of lattice 𝐛���𝑗��� with norm lattice 𝐛���𝑖��� for 𝑖���=1,2,3…,𝑗���−1. The process of insertion reduced vector after the exchange step also has done greedily. Then, we calculate the number of arithmetic operation in greedy SVP LLL algorithm for further analysis. The result of our exprimentation for three algorithms on the certain matrix size shows that the running time of the three algorithms increases propotional to the size of the matrix. The result also shows that by using 𝛿���=34 for the LLL algorithm and the deep insertion LLL algorithm, and the greedy SVP LLL algorithm which is a new variant made by using no parameter of 𝛿���, outperform of the other of two previous algorithm in terms of speed with the same output.
Keyword: LLL algorithm, LLL deep insertion algorithm, greedy SVP LLL algorithm