Judul: Studi interaksi Fusarium sp. dengan pohon gaharu (Aquilaria sp.) menggunakan pendekatan sitologi
Abstrak: The research is aiming to study the pathogenesis mechanism of Fusarium sp. IPBCC. 08.569 on Aquilaria sp. seedling in respect to the respons of the host towards Fusarium sp. IPBCC. 08.569 infection. Penetration mechanism was determined by observing the appresorium formation on the bark surface in vitro, the potency to produce lignocellulase and toxin. While colonization was studied by histopathological methods using both staining process and SEM. The respons of the tree towards infection was observed at either cellular by histochemestry or organ level using scoring system. Fusarium sp. IPBCC. 08.569 showed no appresorium formation but had lignocellulolytic activity. Hypersensitivity reaction of tobacco leaf towards crude extract of extracellular substance indicated that Fusarium sp. IPBCC. 08.569 produce toxin. Direct penetration into the bark was not found, therefore penetration had to be through wounded area. While modification of hyphae was observed in the living cells of the wood tissue (parenchyma rays, included phloem, and pith) these cells might contain terpenoid as conversion of starch. These cellular changes might be observed as discolored wood and the wood became scented. Discolored wood was extended outside the colonization area, indicated that the dark substance might be part of hypersensitive respons to delimit the infection. Using scoring system, after inoculation Fusarium sp. IPBCC. 08.569 can be stated as wound infection fungi with limited colonization in living tissue and induce terpenoid formation in certain tissue.
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Judul: Peranan Zat Ekstraktif Dalam Pembentukan Gaharu Pada Aquilaria crassna Pierre ex Lecomte dan Aquilaria microcarpa Baill
Abstrak: This research is aimed at investigating the anti fungal activity (AFA), the correlation of gaharu tree’s phenolics in relation with the susceptibility of the trees to Fusarium bulbigenum attack in the formation of agarwood, and to observe total phenolics content and tree’s chemicals of Aquilaria crassna and Aquilaria microcarpa pre-inoculation, the reology of tree’s chemical and microorganism change along inoculation time. There were variations of anti fungal activity among trees, and the highest is at tree no. 10 that AFA was in the middle class (39,77%), but entirely agarwood trees exhibited a low anti fungal activity at lab scale. Further fractionation and bioassay showed that the most active component are likely in the ethyl acetate fraction that exhibited strong anti fungal activity at 4% concentration. Trees as many as 20 of A. microcarpa at Carita and 10 of A. crassna at Darmaga were inoculated with isolate of F.bulbigenum in spiral pattern around the stem. Prior to inoculation, strips were taken from the stem for total phenolics content and chemicals analyzing. The result revealed that total phenolics content and infection area exhibited a negative correlation, which means the higher the phenolics content, the smaller the infection area. The preinoculation chemicals analysis showed that tree with smaller infection area had larger type of compounds and higher concentration of phenolics than tree with wider one. Some chemicals that at certain plants acted as defense system, according to some references, were found at higher concentration in the gaharu trees with smaller infection or they were not even traced in other tree. The reology analysis revealed that the largest types of compounds were noticed at three day’s old inoculation. Agarwood constituents and other aromatic compounds were detected since three days after inoculation which is indicated the agarwood formation was taken place. Meanwhile, the microbiology analysis showed there was no microbes change in the inoculation sites along 6 month inoculation time, but some small insects, such as ants and bugs, were found at the area.
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Judul: Konsumsi Pangan dan Status Gizi Ibu Hamil di Kecamatan Danurejan, Kodya Yogyakarta, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Abstrak: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata konsumsi energi per orang per hari adalah 1 525 Kalori, konsumsi protein 45,l g, konsumsi zat besi 12,8 mg dan konsumsi vitamin A 2 264 SI. Rata-rata kecukupan energi per orang per hari adalah 2 213 Kalori, kecukupan protein 75,6 g, kecukupan zat besi 29,O mg dan kecukupan vitamin A 4 500 SI.
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