Judul: Interaksi inter-spesifik lutung Jawa (Trachypithecus auratus) dan hewan simpatrik di Taman Wisata Alam Pangandaran, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
Abstrak: Primata terutama membentuk interaksi setelah bertemu dengan hewan simpatrik. Interaksi semacam itu, baik langsung maupun tidak langsung, merupakan komponen integral untuk fungsi ekosistem. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggambarkan dan mengidentifikasi interaksi antara lutung Jawa (Trachypithecus auratus) dan hewan simpatrik di Taman Wisata Alam Pangandaran (TWAP), Jawa Barat, Indonesia, dan mencoba untuk mengelompokkan karakteristik spesies yang spesifik pada interaksi. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Februari sampai Mei 2017 di TWAP, di mana saya mengikuti satu kelompok lutung (Jepang grup) dan melakukan pengamatan perilaku, serta mencatat interaksi antara lutung dan hewan simpatrik (mamalia, burung, dan reptil). Hampir setengah dari aktivitas harian lutung Jawa di TWAP yaitu istirahat, diikuti dengan makan, bergerak, perawatan, dan tidur. Wilayah jelajah harian lutung di TWAP sekitar 500 m. Selama penelitian, saya mencatat 65 interaksi agresif dan 184 interaksi toleran lutung ke 8 spesies. Frekuensi perilaku toleran dengan hewan simpatrik lebih tinggi daripada perilaku agresif. Lutung Jawa sering menunjukkan perilaku agresif pada bajing dan rangkong, sementara lutung diserang oleh monyet ekor panjang. Saat mempelajari studi berbasis komunitas, harus lebih memperhatikan interaksi inter-spesifik antar species dan arahannya.
Keyword: ad libitum, aktivitas harian, interaksi, lutung hitam, lutung jawa, Jawa Barat

Judul: Identifikasi Anatomi Tumbuhan Pakan Lutung Jawa (Trachypithecus auratus) di Taman Wisata Alam Pangandaran Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Lutung jawa (Trachypithecus auratus) merupakan salah satu primata yang dapat ditemukan di Taman Wisata Alam (TWA) Pangandaran, Jawa Barat. Lutung jawa merupakan satwa yang terancam punah, sehingga identifikasi pakannya menjadi penting. Identifikasi tumbuhan pakan lutung jawa menggunakan remahan feses menghasilkan banyak spesies pakan yang belum teridentifikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan melengkapi pangkalan data anatomi pakan lutung jawa dan akan dicocokkan dengan data anatomi remahan pada feses lutung jawa yang tidak teridentifikasi pada penelitian sebelumnya. Sebanyak 27 spesies dari 13 famili tumbuhan diamati pada penelitian ini. Pembuatan sediaan mikroskopis sayatan paradermal tumbuhan pakan lutung jawa dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode whole mount. Tipe dinding sel epidermis pada daun yang teramati yaitu lurus berlekuk, berlekuk dangkal, dan berlekuk dalam, sedangkan pada buah hanya lurus berlekuk dan berlekuk dangkal. Bentuk dinding sel epidermis segi empat, segi lima, segi banyak, sampai tidak beraturan teramati pada sayatan paradermal daun maupun buah. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan terdapat tujuh tipe stomata yaitu anisositik, anomositik, anomotetrasitik, brakiparasitik, diasitik, parasitik, dan perisitik pada daun, sedangkan pada buah hanya tipe parasitik. Indeks dan kerapatan stomata, serta ukurannya menunjukkan hasil yang bervarisi antar spesies. Selain stomata, 2 tipe trikoma juga ditemukan, yakni tipe kelenjar dan non kelenjar pada daun serta ditemukan trikoma non kelenjar pada buah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan empat spesies teridentifikasi dari lima remahan feses yang tidak teridentifikasi pada penelitian sebelumnya.
Keyword: anatomi, lutung jawa, stomata, trikoma

Judul: Study of Chemoreaction Drying with Calcium Oxide and Its Impact on the Stress and Damage of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Culture, Kajian pengeringan kemoreaksi dengan kalsium oksida serta dampaknya terhadap stress dan kerusakan kultur Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Abstrak: The objective of the research was to study the parameters of the drying process and their effects on the viability of dried Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture. These parameters include the pattern of water isotherm sorption, the critical water contents, stress and mortality on a variety of bound water conditions, as well as morphological and micro-structural changes of damaged and leaked stressed cells. Layer thickness of the sample and high ratio used of calcium oxide speed up the drying process. Using a calcium oxide to sample ratio of 10:1 (w/w) for drying, 1.3 mm thickness of sample with 78-80% water content required 24 hours to dry to a final 4.42 % water content. The viability and cell content of the final product were 72% and 109 cells per g dried sample respectively. A sigmoid curve sorption isotherm pattern consist of 3 bound water regions of the dried yeast culture was similar to that of common dried foods. In the primary area most of the dried cells were dormant, in the secondary area the majority of the cells were under stress condition, while in the tertiary area a lot of them died. Likewise, the viability curve up to aw 0.2 was very low as due to high number of dormant cells, in between aw 0.2 - 0.6 sharply increased due to decreasing number of dormant cells, in between aw 0.6-0.75 sharply decreased due to increasing number of dying cells, and above 0.75 the cells was dying off to totally died. As shown by SEM observation, normal cells were oval-shaped with a smooth surface. In the primary region the dried cells showed and oval to round shape and small number of deformed cells, in the secondary region wrinkled surface and some number of deformed cells, while in the tertiary region the cells were sticky with wrinkled surface and most cells were damage. Meanwhile, TEM observation showed that the cells in the primary region had a well-defined, thick and solid cell wall with smooth surface with visible nuclei. In the secondary region the cells showed a wrinkled surface with less visible nuclei, while the wall was thin and cracked in some places. In the tertiary region the most number of cells were damaged, the remaining defined cells were flat, empty, irregular shape and no nuclei were visible. The increasing cell damaged was mainly due to the leaking out of cell or cytoplasm and the nuclear content through the damage cell wall. This was shown by increased electrical conductivity as well as the nucleic acid, nucleotide, protein and amino acids content of the cell-free supernatant from the culture. The Ca++ and K+ content of the cell mass decreased due to the leakage out of cell content. Sharp increase of K+ in secondary region of bound water was due to cell wall leakage, while high level of K+ in the tertiary region of bound water was due to high lysis of the cells with increased cell content damage.
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