Judul: Feeding Test on Sparrow (Passer montanus Oates), Feed Preference and Poison Bait Test on Javan Munia (Lonchura leucogastroides Horsfield & Moore) and Scaly-Breasted Munia (Lonchura punctulata Linnaeus).
Abstrak: Padi merupakan salah satu komoditi pangan yang sangat besar peranannya bagi mayoritas penduduk dunia terutama Indonesia, yang merupakan sumber karbohidrat utama. Salah satu faktor pembatas dalam produksi padi yaitu hama burung. Jenis-jenis hama burung yang cukup penting pada pertanaman padi yaitu burung gereja (Passer montanus Oates), bondol jawa (Lonchura leucogastroides Horsfield & Moore) dan bondol peking (Lonchura punctulata Linnaeus). Diperlukan adanya alternatif cara pengendalian untuk menekan serangan hama burung tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat konsumsi makan burung gereja terhadap gabah dan biji-bijian lainnya, mengetahui jenis pakan yang disukai oleh burung bondol serta mengetahui jenis racun yang disukai sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai umpan dalam pemerangkapan maupun umpan beracun sebagai cara alternatif pengendalian burung. Pengujian dalam pernelitian ini yaitu pengujian individu dengan tiga perlakuan. Perlakuan pertama yaitu uji kemampuan makan burung gereja terhadap gabah. Tingkat konsumsi burung gereja rata-rata 1.969 g per hari. Perlakuan kedua yaitu uji preferensi pakan dengan metode pilihan (choice test) dan tanpa pilihan (no choice test). Pada uji preferensi pakan burung gereja dengan metode pilihan diletakkan enam jenis pakan (gabah, milet, jewawut, pelet, jagung pipilan, dan beras merah) secara bersamaan pada kandang. Pada uji preferensi burung bondol dengan metode pilihan diletakkan enam jenis pakan (gabah, ulat hongkong, ketan putih, ketan hitam, beras, dan sorgum). Sedangkan dengan metode tanpa pilihan dilakukan uji kemampuan makan burung bondol tiga jenis pakan (beras, ketan putih dan ketan hitam). Jenis pakan yang paling banyak dikonsumsi oleh bondol pada uji preferensi pakan dengan metode pilihan maupun tanpa pilihan setelah gabah yaitu ketan putih. Perlakuan ketiga yaitu uji preferensi racun dengan metode pilihan. Pada pengujian menunjukkan konsumsi racun yang paling banyak dikonsumsi adalah yang berbahan aktif bromadiolon
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Judul: The Ability of Eat, Feed Preference, and Poisons Bait Testing on Scaly-breasted Munia (Lonchura punctulata L.) and Javan Munia (Lonchura leucogastroides Horsfield & Moore)
Abstrak: Rice is the food sources of carbohydrates that important in life Indonesian society. There are several constraints to increasing rice production, one of the constraints is pest of plant attack. Vertebrate pest wich quite important in the rice plant is scaly-breasted munia (L. punctulata L.) and javan munia (L. leucogastroides Horsfield & Moore). The right way to control and press the pest attack is necessary. This research aims to know the level of grain consumption of bird, bird feed preference to the grain and artificial feed that can be used as bait in entrapment and poisons bait, and to know what types of poisons that are effective in controlling of bird. There are two test in the experiment such as individual testing and population testing. In each test there are three experiments. The first experiment is the ability of eat treatment with the primary feed grain as in each tests. Consumption level of scaly-breasted munia and javan munia is 2-2,8 grams of day. Consumption bird of males and females do not show significant different result. The second experiment is feeding preferences treatment by the method of choice (multiple choice) with placing six of feed (grain, brown rice, berley, millet, corn grain, and pellet) simultaneously on each cage. The result show the consumption of natural feed (grain) is more desirable than artificial feed. The third experiment is poisons bait preference treatment by the method of choice. On this examination show natural food without poison bait is more desirable than poison bait.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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