Judul: Effort to Supress Cannibalism in Catfish Seeds Clarias sp. fed with 17β-estradiol and Turmeric Powder
Abstrak: Kanibalisme merupakan salah satu penyebab mortalitas tinggi pada segmen pembenihan ikan lele yang dipicu oleh agresivitas benih. Penambahan hormon estradiol-17β pada pakan dapat membantu menekan kanibalisme dengan mengurangi potensi agresivitas ikan lele. Kunyit mengandung senyawa fitoestrogen yang memiliki kemiripan dengan senyawa estradiol-17β sehingga dapat meningkatkan kadar hormon estrogen dalam tubuh ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji efektivitas penambahan hormon estradiol-17β dan tepung kunyit pada pakan untuk menekan tingkat kanibalisme benih ikan lele. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial. Perlakuan terdiri dari dosis hormon estradiol-17β 0, 30, 50 mg.kg-1 pakan, dikombinasikan dengan tepung kunyit dosis 0% dan 3% kg-1 pakan dengan masing-masing ulangan sebanyak tiga kali. Benih yang digunakan berukuran panjang 2,82±0,02 cm. Benih ikan dipelihara dalam akuarium dengan padat tebar 11 ekor L-1 dan diberi pakan dua kali sehari secara at satiation. Penelitian menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda nyata pada parameter kanibalisme total, kanibalisme tipe I, dan potensi kanibalisme. Perlakuan dengan pemberian 50 mg Estradiol-17β.kg-1 dan 0% tepung kunyit pada pakan terbukti paling efektif dalam menekan tingkat kanibalisme pada pembenihan ikan lele., Cannibalism is one of the causes of high mortality in the hatchery of catfish, It can be triggered by aggressive behavior due to high testosterone hormone in the seeds transferred from its mother. The addition of 17β-estradiol to feed can suppress cannibalism by reducing the potential for aggressiveness. Turmeric is contain phytoestrogen compounds that have similarities to estradiol17β so that it can increase levels of the hormone estrogen in the body of fish. This study aims to test the effectiveness of adding the hormone estradiol-17β and turmeric powder to feed to suppress levels of cannibalism catfish seeds. The study used a complete factorial randomized design. The treatment consisted of doses 17β-estradiol (0, 30, and 50 mg.kg-1), combined with turmeric flour doses 0% and 3% kg-1 feed each with three replication. The seeds used are 2.82±0.02 cm. Fish are kept in aquarium with stocking density 11 L-1 fish and fed twice a day on ad satiation basis. Research shows the different result on the parameters of total cannibalism, type I cannibalism, and the potential for cannibalism. Treatment with addition of 50 mg estradiol-17β.kg-1 with 0% of turmeric powder in feed proved most effective in suppressing cannibalism levels in catfish hatchery.
Keyword: 17β-estradiol, cannibalism, catfish, turmeric powder

Judul: The effectiveness of providing turmeric flour (Curcuma longa) through feed on cannibalism of catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
Abstrak: Ikan lele (Clarias gariepinus.) merupakan komoditas ikan air tawar yang banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Permintaan ikan lele oleh konsumen mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya, namun permintaan tersebut masih belum terpenuhi akibat produksi ikan lele yang menurun. Kematian ikan lele disebabkan oleh beberapa hal, salah satunya adalah kematian yang disebabkan oleh kanibalisme. Pengendalian kanibalisme dapat dilakukan dengan pendekatan hormonal menggunakan hormon estrogen alamiah. Kunyit merupakan salah satu tanaman yang mengandung fitoestrogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas dosis penambahan tepung kunyit melalui pakan terhadap kejadian kanibalisme pada benih ikan lele. Penelitian terdiri atas tiga perlakuan dengan tiga pengulangan yang meliputi perlakuan kontrol (tanpa penambahan tepung kunyit), perlakuan penambahan tepung kunyit 15 gr dan 30 gr. Penelitian menggunakan benih ikan lele berukuran 6 cm dengan bobot 3 gram. Benih ikan lele dipelihara dengan padat tebar 300 ekor.m−2 di akuarium berukuran (50x35x40 cm) selama 30 hari masa pemeliharaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan tepung kunyit mampu menekan kanibalisme tipe-I dan tipe-II, serta dapat meningkatkan tingkat kelangsungan hidup dibandingkandengan perlakuan kontrol (p<0,05). Pada kinerja pertumbuhan tidak memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata antara perlakuan penambahan tepung kunyit dan perlakuan kontrol., Catfish (Clarias gariepinus.) is a freshwater commodity that is widely consumed by the Indonesian people. Catfish demand by consumers to experience an increase every year, but the request has still not been fulfilled due to declining catfish production. The death of catfish is caused by several things, one of which is death caused by cannibalism. Cannibalism can be done with hormonal approaches using natural hormone estrogen. Turmeric is one of a plant that contain phytoestrogen. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of doses of turmeric flour through feed on cannibalism in catfish seeds. Research consists of three treatments with three repetitions that include control treatment (without addition of turmeric flour), treatment of adding 15 gr, and 30 gr. The study used catfish seed sizing 6 cm for 3 gr of weight. Catfish seeds are maintained by solid 300 tail.m−2 in aquarium (50x35x40 cm) for 30 days of maintenance. The result of research showed that the addition of turmeric flour was able to suppress type-I cannibalism and type-II cannibalism, with increasing survival rates compared to control treatment (p<0,05). In growth performance,it does not have a different effect between the treatment of adding turmeric flour and control treatments
Keyword: Kanibalisme, Ikan lele, Kunyit

Judul: Utilization of terra/MODIS L1B data for analysis of horizontal wind profile in the troposphere
Abstrak: This study was concerned with horizontal wind derived from data collected with the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on board the NASA’s Earth Observation System (EOS)-Terra satellite. The aim of this study is to develop a method for the estimation of horizontal wind movement in the troposphere based on Navier-Stokes equation. The method was applied to a calibrated and geolocated Terra/MODIS L1B 1 km data set. The data inputs to estimate surface temperature are retrieved from TIR (Thermal Infrared) bands 31 (10.780 μm to 11.280 μm) and 32 (11.770 μm to 12.270 μm). The obtained surface temperatures were later used to approximate geopotential height on a constant-pressure surface by using the modified Poisson equation. The main assumptions used are the hydrostatic equilibrium, ideal gas law, constant lapse rate and constant acceleration of gravity. Based on the distribution of geopotential height, the pressure gradient force is measured by the gradient of geopotential on an isobaric coordinate to present the horizontal wind profile. For certain topographic areas especially in the mountain ranges, there was a disadvantage of using pressure as a vertical coordinate which lead to inaccuracy. In spite of that, Terra/MODIS L1B data with 1 km spatial resolution can be used to estimate the horizontal wind movement in the troposphere.
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