Judul: Biogas Production from a Mixture of Rumen Contents and Cow Blood
Abstrak: Rumah Potong Hewan (RPH) menghasilkan sisa pemotongan ternak yang dapat mencemari lingkungan apabila tidak dikelola dengan baik, salah satunya isi rumen dan darah sapi. Isi rumen dan darah sapi memiliki potensi untuk dijadikan biogas karena memiliki bahan organik yang tinggi. Biogas adalah campuran beberapa gas dari hasil fermentasi bahan organik dalam kondisi anaerob. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis produksi dan kualitas biogas yang dihasilkan dari campuran isi rumen dan darah sapi. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak tiga kali. Terdapat 3 perlakuan yaitu kontrol sebanyak 0% darah sapi dan 100% isi rumen sapi (R100D0), 70% isi rumen sapi + 30% darah sapi (R70D30), serta 40% isi rumen sapi + 60% darah sapi (R40D60). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapat bahwa jumlah produksi biogas yang dihasilkan dari 3 perlakuan tidak berbeda nyata satu sama lain, dengan perlakuan R70D30 memiliki kecenderungan jumlah produksi yang lebih tinggi. Uji nyala api pada 3 perlakuan menunjukkan bahwa api paling baik dihasilkan oleh perlakuan R100D0 atau kontrol., Slaughterhouses produce livestock slaughter residues that can pollute the environment if not managed properly, one of which is the contents of rumen and cow blood. Rumen contents and cow blood have the potential to be used as biogas because they have high organic matter. Biogas is a mixture of several gases from the fermentation of organic matter under anaerobic conditions. The purpose of this study was to analyze the production and quality of biogas produced from a mixture of rumen contents and cow blood. The design used in this study was a completely randomized design with each treatment repeated three times. There were 3 treatments, namely control as much as 0% cow blood and 100% cow rumen content (R100D0), 70% cow rumen content + 30% cow blood (R70D30), and 40% cow rumen content + 60% cow blood (R40D60). Based on the results of the study, it was found that the amount of biogas production produced from the 3 treatments was not significantly different from each other, with the R70D30 treatment having a higher tendency for the amount of production. The flame test on 3 treatments showed that the best fire was produced by the R100D0 treatment or the control.
Keyword: biogas, darah sapi, isi rumen, cow blood, rument contents

Judul: Biogas Production from A Combination of Sheep and Dairy Cattle Manure
Abstrak: Tingginya populasi domba dan sapi perah di Jawa barat akan menghasilkan kotoran ternak yang berlimpah. Kotoran ternak dapat mencemari lingkungan jika tidak dikelola dengan benar. Biogas dapat diproduksi dari kotoran domba dan kotoran sapi perah melalui fermentasi anaerob. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis produksi biogas dari kombinasi kotoran domba dan kotoran sapi perah. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga perlakuan dan tiga kali ulangan tiap perlakuan. Perlakuan pada penelitian ini yaitu D100S0 (100% kotoran domba dan 0% kotoran sapi perah), D50S50 (50% kotoran domba dan 50% kotoran sapi perah), dan D25S75 (25% kotoran domba dan 75% kotoran sapi perah). Nilai TS akhir setelah fermentasi anaerobik semua perlakuan berbeda nyata (P<0,05). Volume biogas dan lama nyala api perlakuan D50S50 berbeda nyata daripada D100S0 dan D25S75. Suhu harian biogas mengalami fluktuasi antara 2629 °C. Nilai pH pada rentang 6,698,13 melebihi kondisi netral. Penggunaan kotoran domba sebagai biogas menghasilkan warna nyala api biru sedikit kemerahan. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa kotoran domba berpotensi menghasilkan biogas., The high population of sheep and dairy cattle in West Java will produce high manure production. Animal manure can pollute the environment if not managed properly. Biogas can be produced from sheep manure and dairy cattle manure through anaerobic fermentation. This study aimed to analyze biogas production from a combination of sheep and dairy cattle manure. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with three treatments and three replications for each treatment, including D100S0 (100% sheep manure and 0% dairy cattle manure), D25S75 (25% sheep manure and 75% dairy cattle manure), and D50S50 (50% sheep manure and 50% dairy cattle manure). The final TS after anaerobic fermentation differed for all treatment (P<0,05). The biogas volume and flame duration of D50S50 differed (P<0,05) than D100S0 and D25S75. The daily biogas temperature fluctuates between 26-29 °C. The pH value in the range of 6,69-8,13 exceeded neutral conditions. The use of sheep manure as biogas produces a slightly reddish-blue flame. To conclude, sheep manure has the potential to produce biogas.
Keyword: biogas, kotoran domba, kotoran sapi perah

Judul: Penentuan Nilai Eigen dan Vektor Eigen dari Matriks Tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz dengan Pendekatan Polinomial Chebyshev
Abstrak: The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a matrix can be determined by finding its characteristic polynomials. The characteristic polynomials of a tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz matrix is shown to be closely connected to polynomials which satisfy the Chebyshev recurrence relationship. If the order of the matrix is odd, then the eigenvalues are found explicitly in terms of the Chebyshev zeros and the eigenvectors are found in terms of the polynomials satisfying the recurrence relationship. For even ordered matrices, the situation is more complicated. The problem in these cases is that although the Chebyshev recurrence formula is still applied, its initial values are not generating Chebyshev polynomials
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