Judul: Analisis Hubungan Simultan antara Tingkat Upah dan Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja serta Variabel yang Mempengaruhinya
Abstrak: The economic crisis in 1997 in Indonesia led to complexities in labor issues, particularly those that relate to low wages and labor absorption. Since 2000, the economy has improved and has given hope to better labor conditions in Indonesia. However, increased economic growth has been followed by high unemployment. This study aimed to examine the simultaneous connection among wage rates and labor absorption as well as variables that influence it. Simultaneous equations model were used in this study and data sources were investigated from panel data. The simultaneous test has shown that there was simultaneous connection between the wage rates and labor absorption. The 2SLS (two stage least squares) method with fixed effects was chosen as the best parameter estimation method. The test also revealed that the gross regional domestic product variable influenced the wage rates and labor absorption significantly. The regional minimum wage and education levels significantly affect the wage rates. While the variables of physical investment and the consumer price index significantly affects labor absorption.
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Judul: The Influence of Monetary and Fiscal Policy on Labor Absorption in Indonesia: Provincial Panel Study 2011-2023
Abstrak: Tenaga kerja menjadi salah satu faktor kunci dalam pembangunan ekonomi suatu negara. Pemerintah telah menerapkan berbagai upaya untuk meningkatkan penyerapan tenaga kerja di Indonesia, termasuk melalui kebijakan moneter dan fiskal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kondisi serta pengaruh kebijakan moneter dan fiskal terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja di Indonesia. Analisis tersebut dilakukan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan regresi data panel pendekatan Fixed Effect Model dengan menggunakan data cross section 33 provinsi serta data time-series selama 13 tahun dari tahun 2011-2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyerapan tenaga kerja bervariasi antarwilayah, dengan Jawa Barat memiliki penyerapan tenaga kerja tertinggi dan Papua Barat terendah. Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi data panel, kebijakan moneter ekspansif dengan peningkatan jumlah uang beredar dan penurunan suku bunga kredit serta kebijakan fiskal ekspansif dengan peningkatan pengeluaran pemerintah berpengaruh posittif terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja di Indonesia., Labor is one of the key factors in a country's economic development. The government has implemented various efforts to increase labour absorption in Indonesia, including through monetary and fiscal policies. This study aims to analyse the condition and influence of monetary and fiscal policies on labour absorption in Indonesia. The analysis is conducted using descriptive qualitative method and panel data regression of Fixed Effect Model approach using cross section data of 33 provinces and time-series data for 13 years from 2011-2023. The results show that labour absorption varies across regions, with West Java having the highest labour absorption and West Papua the lowest. Based on the results of panel data regression analysis, expansionary monetary policy with an increase in money supply and a decrease in lending rate and expansionary fiscal policy with an increase in government spending have a positive effect on labor absorption in Indonesia.
Keyword: panel data regression, fiscal policy, labor, monetary policy

Judul: Prenilasi Senyawa β-Diketon sebagai Prekursor 3-Prenilflavon
Abstrak: One group of flavonoids that has not been commonly synthesized is 3- prenylflavone. The main objective of this experiment was to synthesize precursor of 3-prenylflavone. Firstly, β-diketone was synthesized via 4 steps from phenol as starting compound with total yield of 24%. Prenylation of β-diketone with prenyl bromide and K2CO3 base produced 4 fractions which were separated by using preparative thin layer chromatography (PTLC) with n-hexane:EtOAc (8:2) as the eluent. Fraction with Rf = 0.80 was further separated by using preparative PTLC with n-hexane:EtOAc (99:1) as the eluent. Two fractions were obtained with Rf = 0.38 and 0.42. The first fraction has been characterized as diprenylated β-diketone with 49% yield. Application of protecting group on the phenolic OH group in β- diketone are needed to obtain monoprenylated β-diketone which can be further cyclized into 3-prenylflavone
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