Judul: Ordinal Logistic Regression Model and Biplot Analysis to Determine Factors Influencing Backward Region Status.
Abstrak: The functions of State Ministry of Acceleration of Development in Backwards Regions are to formulate national policy in the field of development in backwards region sector, to implement the policy, to organize stated-owned properties or assets, to supervise the implementation of its duty, to submit the evaluation report, suggestion and consideration in its assignment and function to the President. In order to reach these objectives, the government needs to understand the prior concern so development will be effective and efficient. Therefore, it is important to analyze the relevant factors that influence the backward region status. The objective of this research were to determine factors influencing the backward region status to provide good policy and appropriate allocation of assets or fund. Ordinal logistic regression and biplot were used to analyze the status of backward regions with 33 explanatory variables. The explanatory variables identified as significant factors were the percentage of poor people, poverty index, the percentage of malnutrition children under five, live expectancy, the percentage of access to health infrastructure, average number of drop out elementary school students, the percentage of family using electricity, the percentage of rural areas without nonpermanent market, average distance between “kantor desa”(village office) and “kantor kabupaten”(district office), and the percentage of rural areas with critical land. To analyze the regional disparity (between east and west), biplot was implemented and the variables were clustered according to the regional differences.
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Judul: Poverty Distribution Analysis and The Factors Causing Poverty in Lebak Regency
Abstrak: The problem of this study comes from the current issues related to the poverty, unemployment, inadequate quality of public services and the gap between regions due to the implementation of decentralization and regional autonomy. Structural imbalance is one of the major factors which influence the gap between the province and the new districts due to the economic activity which rely on specific areas such as the primary sector and the traditional agriculture; the effect of resource limitations on the rates of unemployment and poverty; the impact of minimum access to health facilities and education on human development index; the impact of insufficient infrastructure due to insufficient budgetary allocation on the quality of infrastructure. Some important efforts are undertaken to raise the economic growth rate which in turn to improve the welfare and the economy. The study aims to ( 1) analyze the pattern of spatial distribution of poverty in Lebak, (2) analyze the causes of poverty in Lebak, and (3) analyze the local government policies for poverty alleviation. Spatial Autocorrelation (Moran and Geary Indexs), descriptive of visualspatial analysis, spatial regression, and descriptive analysis are undertaken. The results shows that the population poverty distribution and the poverty density tend to form clustered patterns (poverty pockets); and the poverty in village, number of productive couples, distance to population concentrations, number of farmers, distance to vocational education facilities, distance to the market, distance to the industry areas as well as the distance to the areas of concentration and topography. Based from the visual spatial analysis, that shows the government program to decreased of the pockets of poverty to the local communities not to through the regional policies, with the priority of the government policy are the second ones (J3 K3, J3 K4, J4 K3). While for the population poverty distribution and the poverty density has been to priority of the government in Lebak Regency.
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Judul: Pengaruh Suhu terhadap Pembentukan Kalsium Fosfat Tersubstitusi Fluor pada Kondisi Supersaturasi
Abstrak: Fluorapatit telah disintesis menggunakan metode hidrotermal dengan variasi suhu hidrotermal (160 ºC, 180 ºC, 200 ºC, 220 ºC). Sumber kalsium berupa CaO didapat dari hasil kalsinasi cangkang telur ayam, sedangkan sumber fosfor dan fluor yang digunakan adalah (NH4)2HPO4 dan NH4F. Fluorapatit dikarakterisasi dengan XRD, FTIR dan SEM-EDX. Hasil XRD menunjukkan bahwa sampel fluorapatit sudah terbentuk. Namun, terdapat impuritas berupa Ca(OH)2 akibat proses nukleasi yang kurang sempurna. Pertambahan suhu hidrotermal tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap intensitas puncak-puncak fluorapatit. Spektra FTIR juga mendukung data XRD bahwa fluorapatit telah terbentuk yang ditunjukkan oleh gugus fungsi OH- dan PO43- pada seluruh sampel. Disamping itu, Citra SEM menunjukkan bahwa seluruh sampel memiliki morfologi yang seragam dengan bentuk tidak beraturan, menyerupai bunga karang, dan membentuk aglomerasi dengan ukuran partikel berkisar antara 1.285 μm sampai 1.615 μm.
Keyword: fluorapatit, FTIR, hidrotermal, SEM-EDX, XRD