Judul: Kajian etnobotani masyarakat di sekitar Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi: studi kasus di Desa Umbulharjo, Sidorejo, Wonodoyo dan Ngablak
Abstrak: Mount Merapi National Park (TNGM) has total an area about 6410 ha, with the details: in Central Java Province about 5126.01 ha and in Province of Yogyakarta Special Region about 1283.99 ha. By looking at the potential of plants and community culture in TNGM region (in the terms of plant utilization) allows interaction between community and that region. Therefore, the study of ethnobotany community around TNGM region needs to be done. The purpose of this study are to know and identify the various utilization of plants by community around TNGM and also to know kind of interaction between community and potential plant diversity in TNGM region. The research was conducted in 4 (four) villages in the surround TNGM region included the Village Umbulharjo, Sidorejo, Wonodoyo and Ngablak. This research carried out about 2 months that started from June to August 2010. The method used in this research was a field survey. The activities undertaken in this research included interviews, making of herbarium, data processing and data analysis. The data was collected in the form of primary data (ethnobotany) and secondary data (general conditions of the location). Primary data collection techniques was conducted through interviews with the respondents (people around TNGM) whereas secondary data was done through literature studies. Based on research results, indicate that the characteristics of respondents in the surround TNGM that most livelihood as farmers and low educated (Elementary School), with the largest age rate is 16-40 years. Plants that used by the community about 103 kinds, and can be differentiated into eleven groups of functions, namely medicinal plants (47 kinds), ornamental (11 kinds), aromatic (7 kinds), food (40 kinds), fodder (7 kinds), botanical pesticides (4 kinds), dyes and tannins (2 kinds), firewood (10 kinds), ceremonies (13 kinds), building materials (20 kinds) and also rope materials, wicker and crafts (6 kinds). Community around TNGM has a level of interaction with Merapi volcano which close enough. This can be seen from the social and cultural developing. The suggestion needs to be done from this study results is further development of the useful plants utilization in order to increase the community income around TNGM, especially after Mount Merapi eruption through kinds cultivation based on traditional knowledge of the society.
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Judul: Inventarisasi keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan di Kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi
Abstrak: Gunung Merapi National Park (TNGM) is a nature conservation area which has a native ecosystem in the form of blend with the forest ecosystem volcanic highland area of ± 6410 ha. The interaction that exists between communities and national park should be developed to support the preservation of national park and fully bring prosperity to the local community. The existence of national park should be able to provide benefits, not only to preserve natural resources, but also prosperity for local communities. In this regard, research is needed in providing inputs to the park managers and communities in the management TNGM. This study aimed to describe the general condition of the area, inventory and analyze the wealth and diversity of plant species and identify the medicinal uses of plants into different groups in the region TNGM usefulness. The research was done in merapi mount national park in 3 (three) month from June to August 2010. It was used some equipment such as : compass Brunton, GPS, diameter measuring tool, trash bag and digital camera. The research was used a secondary data of research location general condition and primary data which are covering : various kind of species, amount and diameter of poles and tree stages; various kind of species and amount of herb, undershrub, shrub, epiphyte and liana habitus. The primary data were collected by field orientation, vegetation analyzing with nested line transect method and herbarium making. The data were analyzed to find out the importance value, index of species richness, index of species diversity, pattern of plants spread and the use of plant species. Total plant species found in the region TNGM 108 species from 52 families, with most of the family Euphorbiaceae and Fabaceae (7 species). The highest species richness and diversity found in jungle zones in mountain forest ecosystem types and the lowest was found in the core zone of an upper mountain forest ecosystem types. The pattern of distribution plants on average tend to be clumped. Plant species are found grouped into 11 groups of usability. Usefulness of the most widely plant can be utilized is for producing food that is as many as 32 species from 24 families. Advice needs to be done in this study include: rehabilitation of forest areas damaged by the eruption TNGM needs to be done by planting local native species in rehabilitation zone, further research needs to be done after the eruption of an inventory of plants and the manager needs to conduct training activities, counseling and assistance to the people involved in providing useful knowledge about plants in TNGM.
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Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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