Judul: Korelasi Kadar Seskuiterpena dengan Mutu Gaharu Standar Nasional Indonesia
Abstrak: Sesquiterpene content of agarwoods (Aquilaria malaccensis) of 3 different commercial grades, namely kemedangan, super tanggung A and, super A, representing low to high grades, has been identified. However, parameters designated in Indonesia National Standard (SNI) are merely qualitative, based on some physical properties of this commodity. The purpose of this study was to obtain quantitative chemical parameters in order to complement the existing parameters of SNI. In the identification step, agarwood samples were extracted using 2 different solvents, i.e. ethyl acetate and acetone. Gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometer analyses indicated that sesquiterpenes were present in all agarwood grades. Resin contents in acetone extract for kemedangan, super tanggung A, and super A were 8.5%, 13.3%, and 19.9%, respectively. Sesquiterpene content of acetone extract for kemedangan, super tanggung A, and super A were 6.1%, 7.1%, and 11.9%, respectively, and for ethyl acetate extract were 5.4%, 9.6%, and 13.4%. Resin and sesquiterpene content in acetone extracts consistently increased corresponding to the quality of commercial gaharu. A marker compound obtained in all the quality of agarwoods and agarwood extract was aromadendrene. Aromadendrene content in acetone extract from the lowest to the highest grades of commercial agarwoods were 1.2%, 1.6%, and 2.2%, respectively.
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Judul: Perbedaan Kandungan Senyawa Resin Gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis) Hasil Inokulasi pada Tingkat Semai dan Pohon
Abstrak: Agarwood is one of forest tree species that can be harvested for its timber and resin, which has high price. One of agarwood tree species which has ability to form agarwood with the high-quality is Aquilaria malaccensis. Information on chemicals contained in agarwood is important for the development of this product that research on chemical content of agarwood resin needs to be done. The purpose of this research is to observe changes in resin components of agarwood inoculated with agarwood inducing fungi. Induction of Fusarium solani and Fusarium oxysporum fungi was done on the stem of A. malaccensis seedlings and trees, and then the chemical components of their resins were analyzed using GCMS. The result showed that all treatments were successfully induced agarwood formation. There are 7 main chemical compounds of agarwood produced by F. solani inoculated seedlings with relative concentrations of 16.38% for isolates from Jambi, and 13.87% for isolate from Gorontalo. Innoculation of F. oxysporum on trees generated 10 agarwood main compounds with relative concentration of 13.06%.
Keyword: Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Aquilaria malaccensis, agarwood resin derivatives

Judul: A Continuous Vaccination Strategy in the SVIR Epidemic Model
Abstrak: Vaccination is conducted to minimize the spread of a disease. The vaccination is usually done several times within a fixed time interval. In the SVIR model, it is assumed that individuals do not get immediate immunity following a vaccination program. So according to process of vaccination on SVIR model, there are two strategies, i.e. the continuous vaccination strategy (CVS) and the pulse vaccination strategy (PVS). In this study, only the CVS strategy in epidemic model SVIR is considered. Results of the study indicate that dynamics of the CVS system depends on the basic reproductive number. If the basic reproductive number is less than one, then the disease-free fixed point is asymptotically stable. It means that the disease will eventually disappear from the population. Conversely, if the basic reproductive number is greater than one, then the endemic fixed point is asymptotically stable, which means that the disease will remain exist in the population. Simulation result shows that the vaccination would minimize the spread of disease by reducing the basic reproductive number. If the time for the vaccinated recipients to obtain the immunity, as well as a possibility of vaccinated recipients to be infected are neglected, then the disease will be eradicated. This condition is called an over-evaluating effect of vaccination.
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