Judul: Analisis Ruang Terbuka Hijau dan Pengalihgunaannya di Kota Bogor
Abstrak: Kota merupakan pusat kegiatan hidup manusia yang relatif dinamis dalam segala aspek ekonomi, sosial budaya, pelayanan serta pengembangannya (Nurisjah, 2005). Pertumbuhan penduduk yang pesat disuatu kota akan berimplikasi pada meningkatnya kebutuhan lahan di perkotaan terutama untuk memenuhi kebutuhan akan tempat tinggal. Undang-undang nomor 26 Tahun 2007 tentang Penataan Ruang telah mengamanatkan bahwa dalam perencanaan tata ruang wilayah kota harus menyediakan Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) dengan proporsi 30% dari luas wilayah kota yang terdiri dari 20% RTH publik dan 10% RTH privat. Luas RTH definitif berdasarkan masterplan RTH Kota Bogor tahun 2005 adalah seluas 1.878,14 ha (15,85%) dari total luas wilayah Kota Bogor, namun hingga saat ini kota Bogor belum mempunyai peraturan perundangan yang mengatur dan menetapkan RTH di Kota Bogor sehingga keberadaan RTH di Kota Bogor masih rawan terhadap alih fungsi. Semakin menurunnya jumlah dan kualitas RTH karena tuntutan pembangunan ekonomi pada areal kota Bogor yang terbatas, menyebabkan perlu adanya kebijakan penetapan peruntukan RTH dan strategi pengelolaannya untuk mengendalikan alih fungsi ruang terbuka hijau di perkotaan. Keberhasilan pengelolaan RTH di masa yang akan datang sangat bergantung pada kualitas produk peraturan perundangan yang berpihak pada kelestarian RTH serta kebijakan pengendalian konversi penggunaan lahan RTH menjadi non RTH. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) menganalisis kebutuhan luas RTH di Kota Bogor berdasarkan standar luas wilayah dan jumlah penduduk serta mengidentifikasi jenis RTH di Kota Bogor, (2) mengetahui penyebaran dan penilaian kinerja RTH di wilayah kota Bogor, (3) menganalisis terjadinya pergeseran penggunaan lahan RTH di Kota Bogor dan (4) menyusun strategi pengelolaan RTH dan pengendalian perubahan penggunaan lahan RTH di kota Bogor. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis spasial, shift share analisys, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) dan analisis SWOT. Hasil analisis citra ikonos menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan kebutuhan RTH di Kota Bogor baik berdasarkan luas wilayah yaitu seluas 3.505,68 ha dan berdasarkan jumlah penduduk yaitu seluas 1.057,97 ha masih bisa dipenuhi oleh keberadaan luas total RTH seluas 4.563,65 ha, dimana luas tersebut merupakan luas RTH definitif dan luas RTH potensial. Luas total RTH tersebut terdiri dari hutan kota (162 ha), kawasan dan jalur hijau (1.245,31 ha), lahan pertanian kota (2.160,31 ha), lahan terbuka (501,57 ha), lapangan olah raga (84,92 ha), sempadan rel kereta api (9,08 ha), sempadan situ (95,35 ha), sempadan sungai (122,90 ha), sempadan sutet (3,96 ha), taman kota (36,24 ha) dan TPU (142,01 ha). Luas RTH definitif diupayakan tidak akan beralih fungsi menjadi bentuk penggunaan lain, namun luas RTH potensial masih sangat rawan alih fungsi karena sebagian besar pengelolaan RTH potensial merupakan milik privat yang sangat sulit dilakukan intervensi oleh pemerintah. Upaya untuk..dst
Keyword: RTH, indeks fragmentasi, Perubahan penggunaan lahan, hutan kota

Judul: Perubahan Penggunaan/Penutupan Lahan dan Keterkaitannya dengan Luas Ruang Terbuka Hijau ( Studi Kasus Kota Bogor )
Abstrak: The presence of a city has a goal to meet the needs of the population in order to survive and continue living and improve quality of life. However, with the development of a city, there are some fairly complicated urban problems to overcome. Rapid increase in population accompanied by an increase in income per capita has resulted in the need for land to meet the needs of food, clothing, and shelter. Urban developments lead to negative consequences for the environment. Urban environment tends to develop economically and decline ecologically where the city tends to lead to physical development such as infrastructure development. This research was conducted to analyze the change of land use/land cover of Bogor City period 2000-2011, analyzed the level consistent/inconsistent RTH development based on RTRW Bogor City allotment, and analyzed the level of development of Bogor City based on the RTH condition. Land use/land cover in Bogor City in 2000 and 2011 divided into land use/land cover of land classified as RTH and Non-RTH. Land use/land cover which is classified as RTH such as paddy, upland fields, botanical garden, sport fields, public cemeteries, trees, and bushes. While land use/land cover which is classified as non RTH such as bare soil, pools, situ, rivers, settlement, build non settlement (industry, state palace, health area, educations area, station and terminal, commerce area, offices roads, railway stations, and road). Distribution of land use/land cover in the City of Bogor both in 2000 and 2011, dominated by settlements, paddy, and trees. The size of settlements hectares increased from 4.469,9 Ha to 5.289,8 Ha, the large of paddy decreased from 2.904 Ha to 2.452 Ha, and the area of trees decreased from 2.341,2 Ha to 2.108,1 Ha. Settlements experiencing the largest increase due to 360,3 Ha consequence paddy conversion. Appropriateness criteria based RTRW divided into consistent, undeveloped consistent, and inconsistent. The large of land use/land cover which is consistent with the designation is 6.352,2 Ha, undeveloped consistent is in the amount of 5.300 Ha, while the inconsistent is in the amount of 41,6 Ha. The 5 greatest inconsistency occurred in the area should be designated as an agricultural area, but has been 11,3 Ha settlement. Bogor City has 7 villages which belong to the hierarchy I, 22 villages belonging to the hierarchy II, and 39 villages belonging to the hierarchy III. Based on the calculations of data, the large percentage of Bogor City green open space is 46,6% where the area with the hierarchy I has the RTH by 3,4%, 11.4% hierarchy II, and 31,8% hierarchy III. While connected to the level of inconsistency, the region of hierarchy I, there are inconsistencies in large of land use/land cover of 0,2%, 0,3% hierarchy II, and hierarchy III by 0,4%.
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Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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