Judul: Sifat Fisik Daging Ayam Hasil Persilangan Pelung Sentul Kampung Ras Pedaging Arab dan Resiprokalnya.
Abstrak: Ayam kampung merupakan salah hewan ternak penghasil daging yang memiliki kandungan lemak yang lebih rendah dari ayam ras pedaging. Ayam kampung memberikan kontribusi sebesar 14.6% dari total produksi daging unggas di Indonesia. Persilangan antara ayam jantan pelung, sentul, kampung, dan ras pedaging (PSKB) dengan betina arab menghasilkan ayam PSKB-arab dan jantan arab dengan betina PSKB menghasilkan ayam arab-PSKB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa sifat fisik daging ayam PSKB-arab dan arab-PSKB. Daging ayam yang digunakan daging bagian dada, paha atas, dan paha bawah yang diperoleh dari 3 ekor ayam jantan dan 3 ekor ayam betina PSKB-arab, 3 ekor ayam jantan dan 3 ekor ayam betina arab-PSKB. Peubah yang diamati adalah pH, keempukan, susut masak, dan daya mengikat air. Perbedaan jenis persilangan tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0.05) terhadap nilai pH, keempukan, susut masak, dan daya mengikat air. Perbedaan jenis kelamin berpengaruh nyata (P<0.05) terhadap keempukan. Daging ayam jantan lebih empuk dibandingkan daging ayam betina. Ayam PSKB-arab dan arab-PSKB memiliki sifat fisik daging yang sama.
Keyword: ayam PSKB, ayam arab, sifat fisik daging

Judul: Persilangan Pelung Sentul Kampung Ras Pedaging dengan Arab dan Resiprokalnya Umur 1 sampai 12 Minggu
Abstrak: Ayam adalah salah satu ternak penghasil daging dan telur juga sumber protein hewani dari unggas. Produksi daging ayam dapat ditingkatkan melalui peningkatan pertumbuhan ayam. Pertumbuhan ayam ditingkatkan dengan menyilangkan ayam PSKB (pelung, sentul, kampung, dan ras pedaging) dengan ayam arab dan resiprokalnya. Rancangan acak kelompok digunakan untuk menganalisis data terdiri dari 2 jenis ayam APSKB dan PSKBA, dengan periode penetasan sebagai kelompok. Persilangan ayam PSKB dengan arab menghasilkan anakan sebanyak 122 ekor dan persilangan arab dengan PSKB sebanyak 90 ekor. Peubah yang diamati adalah bobot badan, konsumsi pakan, konversi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, dan mortalitas. Performa ayam APSKB dan PSKBA tidak berbeda nyata. Ayam APSKB dan PSKBA pada umur 12 minggu mencapai bobot badan sebesar 825.1-977.3 g, konsumsi sebesar 582.52-605.9 g, konversi sebesar 5.117-5.635, pertambahan bobot badan sebesar 624.72-761.86 g, dan mortalitas sebesar 15.56%- 20.49%. Ayam APSKB dan PSKBA memiliki pertumbuhan yang sama.
Keyword: ayam arab, ayam PSKB, pertumbuhan, resiprokal

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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