Judul: Genetic differentiation among populations of Chromobotia macracanthus Bleeker from Sumatra and Kalimantan based on sequencing gene of MtDNA Cytochrome b and Nucleus DNA RAG2
Abstrak: Penelitian mengenai diferensiasi genetik beberapa populasi Chromobotia macracanthus Bleeker dari Sumatera dan Kalirnantan berdasarkan sekuensing gen miDNA Cytochrome b dan nukleus DNA RAG2 telah selesai dilaksanakan. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk mendapatkan gambaran diferensiasi genetik antara beberapa populasi ikan botia (Chromobotia macracanthus Bleeker) dari Sumatera dan Kalimantan serta untuk menghitung waktu pemisahan dari kedua grup populasi ikan botia. Sampel populasi ikan botia diambil dari 3 sungai di Sumatera yaitu Batanghari, Musi, dan Tulang Bawang serta dari satu sungai di Kalimantaan yaitu Kapuas. Analisa genetik berdasarkan pada sequencing gen mtDNA Cytochrome b dan nukleus DNA RAG2 Analisa statistik dilakukan menggunakan paket APE pada pemrograrnan bahasa R. Parameter yang diarnati antara lain: keragaman nukleotida, jarak genetik, dan pohon. neighbor-joining.
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Judul: Kebijakan pengembangan perikanan tangkap di kawasan perbatasan Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud, Genetic differentiation among populations of chromobotia macracanthus bleeker from Sumatra and Kalimantan based on sequencing gene of mtDNA cytochrome b and nucleus DNA RAG2
Abstrak: The research on genetic differentiation among populations of Chromobotia macracanthus Bleeker from Sumatra and Kalimantan based on sequencing gene of mtDNA Cytochrome b and nucleus DNA RAG2 has been done. The objectives of the study are to obtain the representation of genetic differentiation among population of clown loach fishes or botia (Chromobotia macracanthus) from Sumatra and Kalimantan and to estimate the time divergence of both population group of botia. Sample of botia population were taken from 3 rivers in Sumatra namely Batanghari, Musi, and Tulang Bawang and one river from Kalimantan namely Kapuas. The genetic analysis is based on the sequencing of mtDNA Cytochrome b and nucleus DNA RAG2. The statistical analysis was made by using APE packages on R language. The parameters observed are: nucleotide diversity, genetic distance, and neighbor-joining tree. The results showed that the highest nucleotide diversity is population of Musi, while the two populations namely Tulang Bawang (Sumatra) and Kapuas (Kalimantan) considered as the lowest genetic diversity especially based on Nucleus DNA RAG2 sequencing. Based on mtDNA Cytochrome b sequencing, the most distinct population among those populations based on its genetic distance are population of Musi and Kapuas. According to result of neighbor-joining tree analYSiS, the population of botia were classified into two group namely group of Sumatra and group of Kalimantan. The estimation of time divergence among group of population of Sumatra and Kalimantan based on mtDNA Cytochrome b is about 9,25-9,46 million years (Miocene era). The big genetic differences between population group of Sumatra and Kalimantan suggest that the effort of restocking of botia from Sumatra into Kalimantan has to be done carefully, because it may disturb the original population of botia.
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Judul: Pembuatan Film Tipis Cu2ZnSnS4 sebagai Lapisan Penyerap Cahaya pada Sel Surya Menggunakan Metode Elektrodeposisi
Abstrak: Thin film of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is an alternative semiconductor used as light absorber layer on solar cell. CZTS can replace silicon that commonly used as commercial semiconductor. The advantage of using CZTS as absorber layer is due to the abundance of its chemical composer on earth, and its high value of absorption coefficient. The absorber layer was made by using electrodeposition method on ITO glass substrates. The films were deposited at room temperature using potentiostatic mode with a potential of –1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes. After that, the films were annealed at two different temperatures, 180 ºC and 500 °C, for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. Based on X-ray diffraction analysis, the polycrystalline thin film obtained fall into kesterite crystal phase. This type of crystal was obtained when the CZTS was annealed at 500 °C in H2S/N2 atmosphere. The value of optical band gap energy for the CZTS thin film was 2.2 eV with the film thickness about 1.228–6.366 μm. The sample of CZTS with electrodeposition time of 45 minutes and annealing temperature of 500 °C showed the best result and in conformity with absorber layers criteria for solar cells.
Keyword: semiconductor, ITO glass, CZTS thin film, electrodeposition