Judul: Analisis Pengukuran Risiko Pada Penyaluran Pembiayaan Anggota Koperasi Melalui Koperasi Karyawan Sebagai Executing Agent (Studi Kasus: PT Bank Muamalat Tbk Cabang Bogor).
Abstrak: The enhancement trends of Islamic financing bank happen until the end of September 2011. According to Dr. Rifki Ismal, growth of Islamic banking assets at the end of Septermber 2011 reached Rp 234.4 billion, Third Party Funds (DPK) reached Rp 97.8 billion and Rp 92.8 billion.3 One of the actor of Islamic finance in Indonesia is Bank Muamalat Indonesia (BMI). BMI continues to expand its financing business by making some kind of financial products that have different target markets and procedure and policy. From those financing products, there is one type of product that attracts lots of consumers because it does not require collateral fixed assets, namely “Anggota Koperasi” (cooperative members financing). Despite a lot of interest, but this financing product is very risky because of the executing system, cessie, and unsecured fixed assets. The purposes of the research are: 1) To identify the strategies that can be undertaken by BMI to address and minimize losses due to the emergence of risks associated with this type of financing. 2) To analyze the value of losses that can be expected (expected loss) and the loss that can not be estimated (unexpected loss) on “Anggota Koperasi” portfolio at BMI Bogor Branch. 3) To analyze the value of economic capital to be provided by BMI Branch Bogor to cover losses that can not be predicted (unexpected loss). 4) To analyze the suitability of CreditRisk+ method to measure the risk of “Anggota Koperasi” financing by used the Poisson distribution model. The types of data that used in this research are primary data and secondary data. The primary data obtained from interviews with account managers and secondary data obtained from proof sheet of the “Anggota Koperasi” financing BMI Bogor Branch, BMI annual reports, and theses. Based on the mapping of risk, at least BMI has to do mitigate the operational risks, liquidity risks, credit risks, legal risks, and strategic risks. Based on the results of CreditRisk+ data processing methods is known that the value of expected loss in 2009 is Rp 2,159,808,000 and in 2010 is Rp 563,119,000. Expected loss value in 2009 is Rp 3.513.600.000 and in 2010 is Rp 1.054.100.000. Economic capital value in 2009 is Rp 1.353.792.000 and 2010 is Rp 490.981.000. The CreditRisk+ validation as a mothod of this reseach will be tested by using Longlikelihood Ratio (LR) Test. The result or LR Test is valid because it proved that the Chi Square critical value with α = 5% was higher than the LR Test = 0.
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Judul: Srategi Peningkatan Jumlah Debitur Berbasis Analisis Penilaian Rasio Kecukupan Modal pada LKMS Koperasi Sejahtera Bangsaku
Abstrak: Peranan kredit mikro dalam pengentasan kemiskinan sangat penting. Di Indonesia, kredit mikro disalurkan melalui unit mikro Bank Umum/Bank Umum Syariah, BPR/BPRS , Koperasi dan Lembaga Keuangan Mikro. Jangkauan layanan kredit mikro kepada masyarakat miskin dan pengusaha mikro masih rendah. Persepsi akan tingginya resiko kredit dari kredit mikro terutama pinjaman kepada orang miskin dan kurangnya rasio kecukupan modal (CAR) dari Koperasi/BPR/LKM menjadi hambatan intermediasi lembaga keuangan penyalur kredit mikro kepada orang miskin/pengusaha mikro atau lembaga keuangan yang akan bekerjasama dengan Koperasi/BPR/LKM untuk penyaluran kredit mikro. Standardized Model Approach masih menjadi dasar penghitungan CAR di Koperasi dan BPRS. Metode ini memberi bobot risiko 100% untuk kredit dalam penghitungan aktiva tertimbang menurut resiko (ATMR). Metode CreditRisk+ adalah metode menghitung risiko kredit dengan pendekatan credit default yang menggambarkan informasi jumlah dan batas waktu eksposur dan pengukuran risiko kredit sistematis dari debitur. Dengan mengunakan metode ini, risiko kredit dihitung sebagai rasio estimasi maksimum kredit macet terhadap saldo kredit. Untuk Koperasi/BPRS/LKM dengan kinerja NPF yang bagus, nilai ATMR menjadi lebih kecil sehingga CAR menjadi lebih besar dibandingkan hasil perhitungan pendekatan standar. Akibatnya jangkauan layanan LKM akan bertambah besar karena investor koperasi/BPRS/LKM tidak akan ragu bekerjasama dalam penyaluran kredit mikro kepada masyarakat miskin dan pengusaha mikro. Mengacu pada perumusan masalah seperti yang telah diuraikan di atas, maka tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1). Menganalisis penerapan Metode CreditRisk+ dalam mengukur risiko pembiayaan mikro pada LKM Koperasi Sejahtera Bangsaku. 2). Menganalisis strategi bagi koperasi Sejahtera Bangsaku untuk meningkatkan layanan pembiayaan mikro berdasarkan hasil penerapan metode CreditRisk+ dalam pengukuran MCR.
Keyword: CAR, jangkauan layanan, LKM

Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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