Judul: Resiprositas dan Struktur Masyarakat: Studi Kasus Nelayan Pancing di Karanggongso, Jawa Timur
Abstrak: Studi ini membahas resiprositas dan struktur masyarakat nelayan pancing yang tingga' di Karanggongso, Teluk Segoro Wedi. Mereka hidup dalam kekeluargaan, tinggal berdekatan satu sama lain dan ~frekuensi interaksi tatap muka yang tinggi. Masyarakat ini hidup dari sumberdaya habitat sekitarnya, berstruktur sederhana seper- 1 ti masyarakat kecil yang asli. Mereka telah banyak berinteraksi dengan LSL, namun ciri khas LL masih kuat mewarnai kehidupannya.
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Judul: Stratifikasi sosial masyarakat nelayan dan difusi teknologi penangkapan ikan di Kecamatan Cirebon Utara, Kabupaten Cirebon, Propinsi Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Kehidupan masyarakat nelayan, khususnya yang berdomisili di pesisir-pesisir pantai masih tergolong miskin. Kemiskinan masyarakat nelayan ini apabila ditelusuri dapat dilihat dari berbagai karakteristik masyarakat nelayan yang umumnya memiliki tingkat pendidikan dan pendapatan yang rendah, lingkungan pemukiman yang tidak sehat, modal yang rendah, dan partisipasi yang minim dalam kelembagaan formal. Usaha yang dilakukan pemerintah untuk lebih meningkat- kan taraf hidup nelayan yaitu dengan melaksanakan kegiatan perbaikan teknologi penangkapan ikan, yaitu melalui program motorisasi. Pengadaan teknologi penangkapan ikan yang dilaksanakan baik oleh pemerintah maupun swasta diharapkan dapat membe- rikan manfaat yang lebih tinggi bagi masyarakat nelayan dalam segala strata, meningkatkan produksi dan produktivi- tas penangkapan serta dapat meningkatkan taraf hidup masyarakat nelayan khususnya bagi nelayan strata bawah. Adanya sistem masyarakat yang berstrata diduga memiliki kaitan dengan karakteristik nelayan serta difusi dan adopsi teknologi penangkapan ikan. Oleh karena itu ...
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Judul: Enhancement of photon absorbtion on BaxSr1-xTiO3 thin films semiconductor using photonic crystals.
Abstrak: In this research, has been conducted BaxSr1-xTiO3 (BST) thin films manufacturing for mole fraction x = 0.25, 0.35, 0.45, and 0.55; and concentration of 1 molar using chemical solution depositon (CSD) method. The materials, which are used in this research, are barium acetate [Ba(CH3COO)2, 99%], strontium acetate [Sr(CH3COO)2, 99%], titanium isopropoxide [Ti(C12O4H28), 97.999%], gallium trioxide [Ga2O3], 2-methoxyethanol [H3COOCH2CH2OH, 99%] and 1 x 1 cm of transparent conductive oxide (TCO) glass as substrate. Two BST thin films are made that for BST thin films which are doped by 10% galium (BGST) as p-type layer and pure BST solution as n-type. BST solution is made by reacting barium acetate [Ba(CH3COO)2, 99%], strontium acetate [Sr(CH3COO)2, 99%] and titanium isopropoxide [Ti(C12O4H28)] into 2-methoxyethanol solvent [H3COOCH2CH2OH, 99%] in accordance with mass gram for each x value. While, BGST solution is made in the same way as BST solution, plus adding gallium at 10% of the mass of BST. Once all materials are reacted, then vibrated using ultrasonic for 90 minutes, and followed by coating BGST / BST on the TCO substrate. Once the layer is formed, then annealed for 15 hours at temperature of 500 °C with increasing rate of 1.67 oC/minute. Characterizations of BST thin films with or without photonic crystals include the absorbance and transmittance in the visible light spectrum, as well as the electrical photoconductivity characterizations. From BST thin films without photonic crystals indicate that our thin films have light absorption area on almost the entire range of the visible light spectrum even to the infrared range with absorption value over than 67.6%, in addition, it can be seen that the maximum absorbance of BST thin films for all mole fractions lie in blue to green light spectrum region, 457 nm ≤ λ ≤ 570 nm and the minimum in yellow to red light spectrum region, 570 nm ≤ λ ≤ 678 nm. The largest absorbance is found at x = 0.25 with average absorbance value of 92.04% and maximum and minimum absorbance peaks at wavelength of 500.89 and 657.72 nm, respectively. At x = 0.35, average absorbance value decreased to 83.55% with maximum and minimum peaks at 505.73 and 613.68 nm, respectively. Then increased to 91.16% at x = 0.45 with maximum and minimum peaks at 506.04 and 618.56 nm, respectively. At x = 0.55, average absorbance value decreased to 80.12% with maximum and minimum peaks at 507.85 and 608.79 nm, respectively. Moreover, it can be seen that the addition of barium mole fraction leads to wider maximum absorbance or minimum transmittance peaks and narrower minimum absorbance or maximum transmittance peaks in the same range of the green and blue & red light spectrums, respectively. BST thin films with photonic crystals show increasing in absorption for all x values in the range of 3.04 into 13.33%. At x = 0.25, average absorbance percentage increased 3.96% from 92.4 into 95.68%, for x = 0.35 average percentage increased 7.07% into 89.45 from 83.55%. Furthermore, average absorbance of BST thin films at x = 0.45 increased 3.04% from 91.16 into 93.93% and x = 0.55 has
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