Judul: Sifat Fisikokimia, Termal, dan Spektroskopi Selulosa Mikrokristalin Serabut Ampas Sagu
Abstrak: Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is a partially depolymerized from α-cellulose. MCC is generally used as a medicinal preparation. MCC isolates from sago waste fiber and commercial MCC (MCCK) were characterized based on physicochemical, thermal, and spectroscopic properties. MCC1 was isolated through hydrolysis, pulping, and bleaching stages while MCC2 was isolated by pulping, bleaching, and hydrolysis steps, respectively MCC1 and MCC2 yields were 13% and 6.5% with α-cellulose levels of 78.61% and 73.08%. Physicochemical properties results of all three MCCs were in accordance with MCC’s standard. MCC1 and MCCK had degree of polymerizations fulfilling MCC’s standard (􀵑���350) while for MCC2, the value was over 700. Infrared spectra of MCC1 and MCCK were also in accordance with MCC’s standard, whereas the MCC2 spectrum still showed the presence of lignin. Based on thermal analysis, MCC2 had the highest degradation temperature and degree of crystallinity, which were 396.26 °C and 66.4%, respectively, corresponding to the high lignin content. MCC1 had the largest surface area, enable to bind more active ingredient medicine.
Keyword: cellulose, microcrystalline, sago

Judul: Kemurnian Selulosa Serabut Ampas Sagu pada Berbagai Perlakuan Isolasi
Abstrak: Sago waste fibers is wasted by sago starch industry and contain 42% cellulose. The cellulose was isolated to obtain the best isolate through various processes and treatments, including preparation with and without grinding, pulping in NaOH with and without heating in HCl, as well as delignification. Grinding and heating in HCl treatment were found to increase the alpha cellulose content. Heating treatment in HCl with and without grinding produced 79.96% and 74.70%, of alpha cellulose, respectively, higher than without heating in HCl that was 72.98% and 63.20%, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectra of the isolates were not significantly different from a commercial cellulose showing characteristic by β-glycoside absorption at 894 cm-1. Heating in HCl with and without grinding also increased the crystallinity index by removing part of the amorphous region. The differential thermogram showed that the isolates started to lose the mass at around 98–102 °C and lost the maximum weight lost at around 352–377 oC.
Keyword: cellulose, isolation, sago

Judul: Zero-inflated negative binomial models in small area estimation.
Abstrak: The problem of over-dispersion in Poisson data is usually solved by introducing prior distributions which lead to negative binomial models. Poisson data sometime is also suffered by excess zero problems, a condition when data contains too many zero or exceeds the distribution's expectation. Zero Inflated Negative Binomial (ZINB) method can be utilized to solve such problems. This paper demonstrates the adaption of ZINB methods in Small Area Estimation with excess zero data. It is shown that the excess zero problem has substantially influenced the Empirical Bayes (EB) estimates, and the adaption of ZINB methods has improved the precision and reliability of the estimates. Key Words: Small Area Estimation, Zero-Inflation, Poisson-Gamma, Negative Binomial Regression, Empirical Bayes
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