Judul: Analisis Kebijakan Pemanfaatan Kayu oleh Masyarakat Adat (Kasus di Kabupaten Jayapura Provinsi Papua)
Abstrak: The decentralization policies in Indonesia have not yet specifically designed the decentralization of natural resources management. This condition can be seen from the timber utilization by the traditional community in the Regency of Jayapura in the Province of Papua. They prefer to utilize timber without legal aspects, whereas the local government is faced with difficulties because of different and inconsistent policies. The objective of this study was to examine the implemented policies, activities of traditional community in utilizing timber, the effectiveness of traditional institutions; and formulate alternative policies. Data were collected from observation, document tracing, and in-depth interviews with informants in the Districts of Kemtuk, Kaureh, and Unurumguay. The analyses involved these aspects: policy substance/content, marketing channel, income of people and local government, stakeholders, and effectiveness of traditional bodies/institutions. The study results indicate that the existing policies do have benefits and ignore the rights of traditional community; some marketing channels are without legal aspects; the traditional institutions are not yet effective; and coordination is necessary between the local government and forestry ministry in making policies.
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Judul: Analisis kelayakan finansial dan ekonomi perusahaan kayu gergajian merbau dan woodworking terintegrasi di Papua: studi kasus di Kabupaten Jayapura, Kota Jayapura dan Kabupaten Keerom
Abstrak: Sebagian besar wilayah Papua merupakan kawasan hutan dengan total luas kawasan hutan Provinsi Papua dan Papua Barat adalah 31 juta hektar yang terbagi atas kawasan konservasi (44,8%) dan kawasan hutan produksi (52,6%), sedangkan sisanya (2,6%) berupa Areal Penggunaan Lain (APL) (Dishut Papua, 2007). Hutan Papua telah dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber kayu bulat untuk memasok kebutuhan industri perkayuan di Papua maupun di luar Papua. Potensi masak tebang kayu merbau di alam rata-rata sebesar 19,69 m3 per hektar (Tokede et al.,2006). Pemerintah Daerah menilai kegiatan eksploitasi kayu bulat untuk dijual keluar Papua tidak memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat dan bahkan dianggap sebagai proses pemiskinan dan pembodohan rakyat Papua selaku pemilik sumber daya. Oleh karena alasan tersebut, pada tanggal 22 Desember 2008, Gubernur Provinsi Papua menetapkan Peraturan Daerah Khusus Provinsi Papua Nomor 21 Tahun 2008 tentang Pengelolaan Hutan Berkelanjutan di Provinsi Papua yang mana pada pasal 52 ayat 1 menyatakan bahwa kayu bulat dan hasil hutan lainnya wajib diolah di Provinsi Papua untuk optimalisasi industri kehutanan, meningkatkan nilai tambah, menciptakan lapangan kerja, menambah peluang usaha, meningkatkan pengetahuan dan teknologi.
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Judul: Evaluation of Influenza Antibody Titers in Serum and Egg Yolk of Layers Vaccinated with Influenza Vaccines.
Abstrak: Influenza belongs to the Orthomyxoviridae family which causes upper and lower respiratory tract infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate influenza-A specific antibody titers from serum and egg yolk of hens vaccinated with quadrivalent influenza vaccines. Three Hy-line Brown layers were vaccinated with quadrivalent influenza type A and B inactivated vaccines. Vaccination was carried out three times at a dose of 0.25 ml/chicken via the intramuscular route. The first vaccination was carried out at 24 weeks of age, then boosters were performed at 28 and 32 weeks of age. Serum and egg yolk were collected every week for 20 weeks since the first vaccination. Influenza A H3N2 and H1N1 antibody titers were determined using hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test and agar-gel-precipitation (AGP) test. Influenza-A H3N2 and H1N1 specific antibodies were detected in both serum and egg yolk from the first to twenty weeks after the initial vaccination. Highest HI geometric mean titer (GMT) of H1N1 antibody reached 26.67 HIU at nine weeks post first vaccination (p.f.v), while H3N2 antibody reached 26 HIU at six weeks p.f.v. Our result showed that influenza antibodies can be produced in layers using quadrivalent vaccines and layer chickens are able to produce equivalent antibody levels for each influenza subtype.
Keyword: antibody, egg yolk, influenza, layer chickens, serum