Judul: Keragaman Struktur Tegakan Hutan Alam Tanah Kering Bekas Tebangan Di Kalimantan
Abstrak: Forest is a natural sophisticated ecosystem that its structure and composition differs than neighborhood environments. High market demand on forest product, especially woods, has charge in forest degradation, both quantity and quality. Thus, upcoming prescription of natural forest management should be determined more accurately and efficiently. The future stand potency can be predicted based on current ex felling stand potency through data collected from Permanent Sample Plot (PSP). In that case, it is necessary to discover the diversity of stand structure after logging. Stand structure diversity is foretold by negative exponential formula N = N0 e-kd. The diversity of natural stand structure after logging in Kalimantan island is forecasted through observation at 106 PSP of 39 timber estate unit, presented 9 (nine) possible stand type. In stand structure of Dipterocarpaceae group is found six stand type, that were Type I 21,36% (22 PSP), Type II 27,18% (28 PSP), Type III 16,50% (17 PSP), Type V 2,91% (3 PSP), Type VI 13,59% (14 PSP), and Type IX 18,45% (19 PSP). Meanwhile, 7 (seven) type of stand structure were found in non-Dipterocarpaceae group that were Type I 28,16% (29 PSP), Type II 17,48% (18 PSP), Type III 1,94% (2 PSP), Type V 17,48% (18 PSP), Type VI 9,74% (9 PSP), Type VIII 4,85% (5 PSP), and Type IX 21,36% (22 PSP). Six stand type were found at group of all species that were Type I 25,47% (27 PSP), Type II 22,64% (24 PSP), Type III 3,77% (4 PSP), Type V 15,09% (16 PSP), Type VI 16,98% (18 PSP), and Type IX 16,04% (17 PSP). Those three groups have vary initial number of trees but all endured trees number decreasing by the increasing of diameter class, from slightly slope to highly slope topography. Based on land cover map, some timber estates were discovered located at primary or mature secondary forest, secondary or immature secondary forest, and the rest were at area other than forest, each were 3 HPH (7,69%), 24 HPH (61,54%), and 12 HPH (30,77%), respectively.
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Judul: Stand structure dynamic for forest yield regulation based on number of trees : case on a logged over area of a low and dry-land of tropical rain natural forest in Kalimantan
Abstrak: Differences in logging intensity, forest encroachment, and fires, caused the variability of natural forests condition, including their horizontal and vertical stand structures. Information on the variability of stand structure and dynamic of secondary forests is essential for projecting the future stand structure, which can be used to develop a forest management plan. The study, which used 101 permanent sample plots data established on a low and dry-land natural forest in Kalimantan, showed that there was an obvious variability of the stands condition after logging in terms of the number of trees ha-1 and horizontal stand structure. The variability of stand condition, time after logging, and environmental factors could result in variability of the components of stand structure dynamics (e.g., proportion of trees upgrowth and staying). This study aimed to develop models for estimating the dynamics of stand structure of logged-over natural forests, which used 75 permanent sample plots data of lowland and dryland of natural forests in Kalimantan. The proportions of trees upgrowth, staying (ai), and recruitment (bi) were obtained from 3-years growth data. Trees were classified into several 5-cm diameter classes and two species groups: dipterocarp and non-dipterocarp. This study tried to predict ai and bi by four methods. It showed that the proportion of trees upgrowth and staying of each species group could not be predicted satisfactory by three regression methods using the number of trees, stand basal area or time after logging and elevation that were used as independent variables in multiple linear regression models. The regression models produced overestimate and unrealistic projections of stand structures. In contrast, the projection of stand structures using the dynamics of stand structure’s components that were calculated using arithmetic mean was better performance than that of the three regression models. The simulation of stand structures also confirmed that the methods for calculating trees recruitment significantly affected the projected stand structures. The simulation of stand structure dynamics by using data from three sample plots showed that the different initial condition of stand (i.e. combination of trees number and stand structure) at the same harvesting intensity produced different cutting cycle as well. It was concluded that yield regulation of secondary forest should be determined specific to stand characteristics.
Keyword: permanent sample plot, stand structure projection, upgrowth, logged-over area, tropical natural forest, cutting cycle, logged-over natural forests, Forest Yield Regulation, low and dry-land, tropical rain natural forest, Kalimantan

Judul: Trichomonas Gallinae Penyebab Trichomonosis Pada Unggas
Abstrak: Trichomonas gallinae adalah protozoa yang bergerak aktof dengan keempat flagella yang mempunyai layar dan pada salah satu sisinya terdapat membran seperti sirip ikan yang berombak. Spesies dari genus Trichomonas ini mempunyai arti penting pada unggas, karena dapat menyebabkan infeksi pada alat pencernaan bagian atas.
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