Judul: Dampak Perubahan Makroekonomi Terhadap Financial Development di Indonesia: Pendekatan Model Asimetris
Abstrak: Beberapa penelitian mulai menganalisis hubungan antara variabel dalam perekonomian menggunakan pendekatan asimetris. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan model terbaik dan mengidentifikasi adanya efek asimetris pada variabel makroekonomi terhadap financial development di Indonesia. Model terbaik diperoleh dengan membandingkan pemodelan secara simetris ARDL (Autoregressive Distributed Lag) dan asimetris NARDL (Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model NARDL lebih baik daripada model ARDL. Terdapat pengaruh asimetris dalam jangka pendek pada RGDP, penurunan RGDP memiliki pengaruh lebih besar dibandingkan dengan pengaruh peningkatannya terhadap financial development. Peningkatan dan penurunan RGDP bepengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap financial development. Penurunan tingkat inflasi berdampak signifikan pada peningkatan financial development dalam jangka panjang. Tingkat bunga dan keterbukaan perdagangan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan pada jangka panjang, dimana tingkat bunga berpengaruh negatif dan keterbukaan perdagangan berpengaruh positif terhadap financial development.
Keyword: ARDL, financial development, NARDL, pengaruh asimetris, variabel makroekonomi

Judul: The Impact of Macroeconomics Condition on Banking Performance in Indonesia
Abstrak: Beberapa penelitian menganalisis pengaruh kondisi makroekonomi terhadap kinerja perbankan, namun masih menghasilkan kesimpulan yang inkonsisten. Untuk itu, penelitian ini kembali menganalisis pengaruh kondisi makroekonomi terhadap kinerja perbankan berdasarkan lima indikator rasio kinerja keuangan, yaitu rasio profitabilitas, permodalan, efisiensi, risiko kredit, dan likuiditas di Indonesia dengan menggunakan pemodelan Autoregressive Distributes Lag (ARDL). Hasil estimasi menunjukan variabel-variabel makroekonomi memiliki hubungan atau keseimbangan jangka panjang dengan kelima indikator rasio kinerja perbankan. Dalam jangka panjang, rasio profitabilitas (ROA) dipengaruhi oleh nilai tukar. Rasio permodalan (CAR) dipengaruhi oleh IPI, inflasi, IHSG, dan harga minyak dunia. Rasio efisiensi (BOPO) dipengaruhi oleh IPI dan inflasi. Rasio risiko kredit (NPL) dipengaruhi oleh inflasi, nilai tukar, dan IHSG. Serta rasio likuiditas (LDR) dipengaruhi oleh nilai tukar, IHSG, dan harga minyak dunia. Pengaruh jangka pendek, rasio profitabilitas (ROA) dipengaruhi oleh IPI dan inflasi. Rasio permodalan (CAR) dipengaruhi oleh IPI, inflasi, dan IHSG. Rasio risiko kredit (NPL) dipengaruhi oleh IPI, inflasi, dan harga minyak dunia. Serta rasio likuiditas (LDR) dipengaruhi oleh inflasi, nilai tukar, dan IHSG., Several studied analyzed the impact of macroeconomics conditions on banking performance, but still yielded inconsistent conclusions. Therefore, this studied again analyzes macroeconomic conditions impact on banking performance based on five indicators of financial performance ratios, namely profitability, capital, efficiency, credit risk, and liquidity ratio in Indonesia used Autoregressive Distributes Lag (ARDL) modeling. The estimation results showed that macroeconomic variables had a long-term balance or relationship with the five banking performance ratio indicators. In the long run, profitability ratio (ROA) was affected by exchange rate. The capital ratio (CAR) was affected by IPI, inflation, IHSG, and oil price. The efficiency ratio (BOPO) was affected by IPI and inflation. The credit risk ratio (NPL) was affected by inflation, exchange rate, and IHSG. And the liquidity ratio (LDR) was affected by exchange rate, IHSG, and oil price. Short term effects, profitability ratio (ROA) was affected by IPI and inflation. The capital ratio (CAR) was affected by IPI, inflation, and IHSG. The credit risk ratio was affected by IPI, inflation, and oil price. And the liquidity ratio (LDR) was affected by inflation, exchange rate, and IHSG.
Keyword: ARDL, banking, macroeconomic conditions, performance ratio

Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell