Judul: Peranan Sukun dalam Keamanan Pangan (Food Security), Penanggulangan Kemiskinan, dan Pelestarian Lingkungan Hidup
Abstrak: Keberadaan usahatani sukun dapat dilihat dari berbagai aspek peranannya : (1) Apakah mempunyai potensi sebagai komoditi food security jika terjadi. kerawanan pangan khususnya ketiadaan bahan makanan pokok beras, (2) Apakah dapat menopang pendapatan keluarga baik melalui usahatani maupun melalui agroindustri, dan ( 3 ) Fungsinya untuk tanaman penghijauan.
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Judul: Prospek pengembangan sukun untuk keamanan pangan dan tataniaganya : studi kasus di Kecamatan Ngantru, Kabupaten Tulungagung, Jawa Timur
Abstrak: Masalah keamanan pangan (food security) merupakan masalah yang selalu mendapat perhatian baik di forum na- sional maupun internasional. Pemenuhan kebutuhan akan pangan ini mendapat perhatian khusus terutama jika ber- kaitan dengan situasi pangan di negara-negara berkembang. Sukun (Artocarpus altilis) merupakan salah satu alternatif sumber pangan di luar beras yang mempunyai potensi besar dalam menunjang keamanan pangan. Untuk meli- hat potensi suatu bahan pangan untuk dapat menjadi pangan penyangga dalam rangka keamanan pangan perlu ditinjau aspek penawaran (keberadaannya) dan aspek permintaan (persepsi) masyarakat. Pangan penyangga yang ideal adalah yang keberadaannya tidak seiring dengan keberadaan pangan konvensional. Pada saat pangan konvensional tidak panen justru pangan ini memiliki panen yang tinggi. Panen sukun terjadi dua kali setahun yaitu pada Januari Maret dan Juli September. Keberadaan sukun pada Januari dan Februari sangat penting artinya dalam menunjang keamanan pangan karena pada saat itu padi pangan utama (padi) belum dapat dipanen. Tambahan pula, sukun relatif tahan terhadap fluktuasi curah hujan sehingga ia dapat tumbuh pada lahan kering atau lahan basah. Ditinjau dari sisi permintaan (peranan sukun dalam konsumsi rumah tangga) komoditas ini masih belum banyak dikenal masyarakat. Namun sebagai makanan suplemen beras (nyamikan) sukun telah digemari oleh berbagai kalangan baik di pedesaan. Hal ini merupakan salah satu kendala yang dihadapi dalam pengembangan komoditas ini..dst
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Judul: IPB (Bogor Agricultural University)
Abstrak: The use of Percoll gradients for Leydig cells isolation has been reported to influence cell toxicity and reduce the viability and the amount of living cells after culture. To dissolve this problem, study has been carried out used non toxic Nycodenz gradient to isolated and purified the Leydig cells. The use of Nycodenz gradient for the isolation and purification of Leydig cells has not been done by other researchers. To obtain the optimum condition of Leydig cells production, growth factor is required as supporting factors for development of growing cells. Therefore, hCG and ITS has been used in this study. Leydig cells conditioned medium (LCM) contained bioactive materials such as testosterone and growth factors. The Leydig cells conditioned medium as culture medium for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells will be used to determine its influence to differentiation of cells. The phase of this study included: 1. Isolation and purification of Leydig cells using Nycodenz gradient : (I) with 3 column ( 5 % , 10 % , 15 % ) and ( II ) with 5 columns ( 4 % , 8 % , 10 % , 12 % , 15 % ) and Percoll gradient ( 21 % , 26 % , 34 % , 40 % , 60 % ) as a control . 2. In vitro culture of the best result from cell purification was cultured with the addition of hormones and growth factors : (1) DMEM+NBCS 10% as control, (2) DMEM + NBCS + 2.5 IU/ml hCG , (3) DMEM + NBCS+ 5 ug / ml insulin, 10 ug/ml transferrin, selenium 5 ug/ml (ITS ) and (4) DMEM +NBCS + hCG+ITS . 3 . The concentration of testosteron and protein analyzed from Leydig cells conditioned medium has been used for culturing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The result of first phase study was Nycodenz gradient have the same purity and viability compared with Percoll gradient. After 3 days cultured, in Nycodenz gradient the concentration and viability of Leydig cells more higher than Percoll gradient. The combination of hCG and ITS in DMEM produced Leydig cell proliferation (90.64%) higher compared with hCG (86.99%), ITS (88.35%) and control (86.82%). Proliferation rate (population doubling time, PDT) from primary culture using combination of hCG and ITS showed the fastest (0.88 day) compared with ITS (0.97 day), hCG (1.02 day) and control (1.03 day). The same result of Leydig cells proliferation rate has also showed in first and second cell lines. Testosterone consentration analyzed was the highest (5.25 ng/ml) in DMEM combination with hCG and ITS compared with other treatments (hCG 5.06 ng/ml; ITS 3.19 ng/ml and control 2.46 ng/ml). Differentiation to became Leydig cells from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells has been known from positive reaction to 3β-HSD staining. Added of hCG to Leydig cells conditioned medium was able to increased the number of Leydig cells to 71.9%. It was also showed that concentration of testosterone has been increased (0.93 ng/ml and 10.22 ng/ml) in the culture medium. The combination of hCG and ITS in DMEM had testosterone (0.71 ng/ml) and protein
Keyword: Leydig cells, rat, Nycodenz, testosterone, mesenchymal stem cells, bone marrow, conditioned medium, transdiferentiation