Judul: Pembuatan Papan Partikel dari Bambu dengan Perekat Resin Damar.
Abstrak: Bamboo contains high fiber (59.75%), so it is potential to be used as particleboard raw material. In this study, resin of damar was used as adhesive to substitute the synthetic adhesive such as urea and phenol formaldehide.The objective of this study were to determine the effect of pressing time andamount of resin added on physical and mechanical properties of particleboard, and determine to the treatment combination to produce the particleboard with best quality. This research was designed usingRandomized Block Design with 2 factors, including pressing time (10 and 14) and amount of resin added (12, 14, 16%) with pressing temperature (130 and 150oC) as a group. The result of variance analysis at 130oC showed that pressing time affecteddensity, water adsorption 2 and 24 hours, modulus of rupture and amount of resin added affected water content, thickness swelling 2 and 24 hours. Furthermore the result of variance analysis at 150oC showed that pressing time affected water content, modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, internal bond and amount of resin added affected thickness swelling 2 and 24 hours, modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture. Based on physical and mechanical, particleboardfrom the treatment of 10 min pressing time, 14% of damar resin and 150oC pressing temperature performed the best quality compared with other treatments.
Keyword: bamboo, damar, resin, particleboard

Judul: The Utilization of Corn Stalks and Sembilang Bamboo as a Raw Material for Particleboard.
Abstrak: Batang jagung (Zea mays L.) dan bambu sembilang (Dendrocalamus giganteus Munro) merupakan bahan baku berlignoselulosa yang memiliki potensi sebagai bahan baku papan partikel. Papan partikel adalah produk panel yang dihasilkan dengan memanfaatkan partikel kayu atau bahan berlignoselulosa lainnya yang ditambah dengan perekat kemudian dikempa. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh jenis perekat dan komposisi bahan baku terhadap sifat fisis dan mekanis papan partikel dari batang jagung dan bambu sembilang sebagai bahan baku alternatif. Jenis perekat yang digunakan adalah urea formaldehida dan fenol formaldehida dengan kadar perekat 10% dan komposisi batang jagung:bambu sembilang adalah 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, 0:100. Kerapatan target papan partikel adalah 0.8 g/cm3. Pengujian sifat fisis dan mekanis papan partikel mengacu pada standar JIS A 5908:2003. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai kerapatan 0.79-0.84 g/cm3, kadar air 9.43-11.98%, daya serap air 33.37-48.48%, pengembangan tebal 7.85-14.08%, MOE 1347.35-2873.83 N/mm2, MOR 15.28-28.39 N/mm2, IB 0.25- 1.39 N/mm2, dan kuat pegang sekrup 285.43-560.96 N. Secara umum papan partikel dengan perekat fenol formaldehida memiliki sifat fisis dan mekanis dengan kualitas lebih tinggi daripada perekat urea formaldehida. Semakin tinggi penambahan partikel bambu sembilang maka sifat fisis dan mekanis papan partikel memiliki kualitas yang semakin tinggi. Sifat fisis dan mekanis papan partikel dengan kualitas paling tinggi dihasilkan pada komposisi bahan baku 100% bambu sembilang dengan perekat fenol formaldehida.
Keyword: Corn stalks, Particleboard, Phenol formaldehyde, Sembilang Bambu, Urea formaldehyde, Forestry, Modulus of rapture, Ahesive types

Judul: A Continuous Vaccination Strategy in the SVIR Epidemic Model
Abstrak: Vaccination is conducted to minimize the spread of a disease. The vaccination is usually done several times within a fixed time interval. In the SVIR model, it is assumed that individuals do not get immediate immunity following a vaccination program. So according to process of vaccination on SVIR model, there are two strategies, i.e. the continuous vaccination strategy (CVS) and the pulse vaccination strategy (PVS). In this study, only the CVS strategy in epidemic model SVIR is considered. Results of the study indicate that dynamics of the CVS system depends on the basic reproductive number. If the basic reproductive number is less than one, then the disease-free fixed point is asymptotically stable. It means that the disease will eventually disappear from the population. Conversely, if the basic reproductive number is greater than one, then the endemic fixed point is asymptotically stable, which means that the disease will remain exist in the population. Simulation result shows that the vaccination would minimize the spread of disease by reducing the basic reproductive number. If the time for the vaccinated recipients to obtain the immunity, as well as a possibility of vaccinated recipients to be infected are neglected, then the disease will be eradicated. This condition is called an over-evaluating effect of vaccination.
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