Judul: Radiation Use Efficiency Arabica Variety Gayo 3 Coffee Seed at  Different Shading Intensities
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh perbedaan intensitas radiasi matahari terhadap efisiensi pemanfatatan radiasi matahari (EPR) bibit kopi arabika varietas Gayo 3. Bibit kopi arabika varietas Gayo 3 ditanam di dalam pot dan ditempatkan di bawah naungan waring atau paranet – untuk mengurangi transmisivitas (??) radiasi matahari; dan di atasnya diberi plastik – untuk mencegah air hujan masuk dan mengenai pot tanaman. Ada 4 taraf perlakuan intensitas, yaitu N1 (waring+plastik, ?? = 76.1%), N2 (paranet 50%+plastik, ?? = 50.8%), N3 (paranet 75%+plastik, ?? = 25.5%), dan N4 (paranet 90%+plastik, ?? = 14.7%). Selama 74 hari penelitian, total radiasi global 1126.2 MJ/m2 dan yang ditransmisikan ke dalam ruangan dan mencapai tajuk bibit tanaman (MJ/m2) pada N1 adalah 855.8, N2 563.1, N3 269.2, dan N4 193.7. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh nyata tingkat intensitas radiasi terhadap EPR bibit tanaman kopi arabika Gayo 3. Nilai EPR (g/MJ) pada perlakuan N1, N2, N3, dan N4 berturut-turut adalah sebesar 0.40, 0.72, 1.00, dan 0.99. Hasil tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa bibit tanaman kopi arabika Gayo 3 membutuhkan naungan untuk dapat tumbuh lebih optimal. Bibit tanaman kopi arabika Gayo 3 yang ditanam pada rata-rata intensitas harian (MJ/m2/hari) 3.5 (N3) dan 2.5 (N4) menunjukkan pertumbuhan lebih optimal dibandingkan dengan yang ditanam pada rata-rata intensitas harian yang lebih tinggi 10.7 (N1) dan 7.2 (N2). Hasil penelitian ini perlu dikaji lebih dalam untuk mendapatkan kisaran optimum intensitas radiasi yang dibutuhkan oleh bibit tanaman kopi arabika Gayo 3., The purpose of this research is to analyze optimum intensity of solar radiation for arabica variety Gayo 3 coffee seed growth which will be expressed by radiation use efficiency (RUE) value and productivity parameters. Arabica coffee seedlings of the Gayo 3 variety were planted in pots and placed under different level of shading by utilizing waring or paranet to reduce the transmissivity (t) of solar radiation; with a layer of plastic to prevent rainwater from entering and hitting the plant pots. There were 4 levels of intensity treatment, namely N1 (netting + plastic, t = 76.1%), N2 (50% paranet + plastic, t = 50.8%), N3 (75% paranet + plastic, t = 25.5%), and N4 (90% paranet + plastic, t = 14.7%). During the 74 days of the study, the total global radiation was 1126.2 MJ/m2, the amount that got transmitted into the greenhouse and reached the canopy of the seedlings (MJ/m2) at N1 was 855.8, N2 563.1, N3 269.2, and N4 193.7. The results showed a significant effect of different level of radiation intensity on the EPR of Gayo 3 Arabica coffee seedlings. The EPR values (g/MJ) in the N1, N2, N3, and N4 treatments were 0.40, 0.72, 1.00, and 0.99, respectively. These results indicate that Gayo 3 Arabica coffee seedlings need shade to grow optimally. The seedlings planted at an average daily intensity (MJ/m2/day) of 3.5 (N3) and 2.5 (N4) showed more optimal growth compared to those planted at a higher average daily intensity of 10.7 (N1) and 7.2 (N2). However, a further study regarding these results is still needed to obtain the optimum range of radiation intensity required by Arabica coffee seedlings of Gayo 3
Keyword: Gayo 3, Growth, Intensity, Seed and Shading

Judul: WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF ARABICA COFFEE SEEDLINGS OF GAYO 3 VARIETY AT DIFFERENT WATERING INTERVALS
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efisiensi penggunaan air pada bibit Kopi Arabika varietas Gayo 3 yang ditanam di Kebun Percobaan Cikabayan, Bogor. Fokus utama penelitian adalah menentukan interval penyiraman yang optimal untuk pertumbuhan bibit kopi dengan melibatkan pengukuran berbagai parameter pertumbuhan, seperti tinggi tanaman, panjang daun, lebar daun, dan jumlah daun di bawah perlakuan interval penyiraman yang berbeda. Media tanam yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah campuran top soil dan pupuk kandang berat sekitar 4 kg per polibag yang berdiameter 20 cm. Empat interval penyiraman yang diuji meliputi setiap 2 hari (P1), 4 hari (P2), 6 hari (P3), dan 8 hari (P4) dilakukan dalam paranet 75%. Penyiraman dilakukan dengan memberikan air sebanyak 500 ml dan jumlah air yang keluar dari media tanam diukur untuk dihitung menggunakan pendekatan neraca air. Hasil dari penelitian yaitu nilai efisiensi penggunaan air tertinggi merupakan penyiraman setiap 4 hari (P2) dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 1.43 g/l. Sehingga, menghasilkan tinggi tanaman, panjang daun, dan lebar daun yang menunjukkan kondisi pertumbuhan optimal serta memenuhi kualitas bibit kopi sesuai standar Kementrian Pertanian. Interval ini menyediakan air dalam jumlah yang tepat tanpa menyebabkan kelebihan atau kekurangan. Sebaliknya, penyiraman setiap 2 hari (P1) menyebabkan kelebihan air dan menghambat aerasi akar, sedangkan penyiraman setiap 8 hari (P4) menyebabkan kekurangan air, sehingga tanaman mengalami stres dan pertumbuhannya terhambat. Temuan ini memberikan kontribusi penting bagi strategi pengelolaan air dalam pembibitan Kopi Arabika, khususnya untuk varietas Gayo 3, yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan sumber daya air di kebun percobaan dan area budidaya lainnya., This study aims to analyze the water use efficiency of Gayo 3 variety Arabica Coffee seedlings grown at Cikabayan Experimental Farm, Bogor. The main focus of the study was to determine the optimal watering interval for coffee seedling growth by involving the measurement of various growth parameters, such as plant height, leaf length, leaf width, and leaf number under different watering interval treatments. The planting medium used in this study was a mixture of top soil and manure weighing about 4 kg per 20 cm diameter polybag. Four watering intervals were tested including every 2 days (P1), 4 days (P2), 6 days (P3), and 8 days (P4) under 75% shade cloth. Watering was done by giving 500 ml of water and the amount of water coming out of the growing media was measured to be calculated using the water balance approach. The result of the study is the highest water use efficiency value is watering every 4 days (P2) with an average value of 1.43 g/l. Thus, it produces plant height, leaf length, and leaf width that show optimal growth conditions and meet the quality of coffee seedlings according to the standards of the Ministry of Agriculture. This interval provides the right amount of water without causing excess or deficiency. In contrast, watering every 2 days (P1) causes excess water and inhibits root aeration, while watering every 8 days (P4) causes water shortage, resulting in plant stress and stunted growth. These findings make an important contribution to water management strategies in Arabica Coffee breeding, particularly for the Gayo 3 variety, which is expected
Keyword: efisiensi penggunaan air, interval penyiraman, pembibitan kopi arabika, pertumbuhan optimal

Judul: Pelabelan Super Vertex Magic
Abstrak: Super vertex magic labeling is labeling on graph with is a set of edges mapped into and is a set of vertices mapped into . It has a vertex magic labeling in which and represents the size and order of the graph respectively. This manuscript proves that paths, cyclics, and disjoint union of cyclics have a super vertex magic labeling. There are four theorems to be discussed. The first theorem proves that path is super vertex magic if and only if is odd and . The second theorem proves that cyclic is super vertex magic if and only if is odd. The third theorem proves that bijection function from an edge set onto of graph can be extended to a super vertex magic labeling if and only if the set amount of edge label that incidents with a vertex in the graph, consists of sequential integers as many as vertices in the graph. The fourth theorem proves that disjoint union of the cyclics consists of cyclics with each cyclic has vertices is super vertex magic if and only if and are odd.
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