Judul: Early Gestation Cow Uterus Phantom with Black Grass Jelly-based as Ultrasound Imaging Simulation Media
Abstrak: Cincau hitam dapat digunakan sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan phantom untuk meningkatkan keterampilan tenaga medis mendiagnosis kebuntingan dini pada sapi menggunakan ultrasonografi. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat phantom ultrasonografi berbahan dasar cincau hitam sebagai media pembelajaran mengenali karakteristik citra ultrasonografi organ uterus sapi kebuntingan dini. Phantom dibuat dari campuran bubuk cincau hitam, BNF 10%, aquades, serta bubuk kunyit. Model organ dibuat mirip organ uterus sapi kebuntingan dini. Evaluasi phantom dilakukan menggunakan software ImageJ dengan parameter pengamatan fisik, durabilitas, ukuran serta nilai ekogenitas phantom. Sineresis organ model phantom rendah dan tidak terjadi pertumbuhan organisme pada permukaan phantom. Penambahan bubuk kunyit ke dalam formulasi phantom berpengaruh pada perbedaan ekogenitas tiap model organ. Nilai rataan ekogenitas model embrio dan jaringan perimetrium adalah hipoekoik, model alantois tampak anekoik, dan model jaringan miometrium tampak hiperekoik., Black grass jelly can be used as a base material for making phantoms to improve the skills of medical personnel to diagnose early gestation in cow using ultrasonography. This study aims to make a black grass jelly-based ultrasonography phantom as a learning medium to recognize the characteristics of ultrasonographic images of early gestation cow uterus organs. The phantom formulation was made from a mixture of black grass jelly powder, BNF 10%, aquades, and turmeric powder. The organ model was made to resemble the uterus organs of early gestation cows. Evaluation of the phantom using ImageJ software with physical observation parameters, durability, size and echogenicity value of the phantom. The cineresis of the phantom model organ was low and there was no growth of organisms on the surface of the phantom. The addition of turmeric powder to the phantom formulation affected the difference in echogenicity of each organ model. The mean echogenicity values of the embryo and perimetrium tissue models were hypoechoic, the alantois model appeared anechoic, and the myometrial tissue model appeared hyperechoic.
Keyword: cincau hitam, kebuntingan dini, phantom, uterus

Judul: Pengembangan Phantom Ovarium Kucing sebagai Media Pembelajaran Diagnostik Pencitraan Radiografi Digital dan Ultrasonografi
Abstrak: Penggunaan diagnostik pencitraan radiografi dan ultrasonografi mengharuskan dokter hewan mampu mengambil gambar terbaik dan menginterpretasikan hasilnya secara langsung. Phantom dapat digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran diagnostik untuk membantu dalam meningkatkan pemahaman dan peneguhan diagnosa. Formulasi phantom dalam penelitian ini terbuat dari campuran Nutrijell® dan Swallow® dengan tambahan bahan pengawet buffered neutral formalin serta serbuk kunyit dan garam jenuh. Model organ yang dibuat meliputi folikel, corpus luteum, dan badan ovarium, selanjutnya dievaluasi pada parameter durabilitas, opasitas, serta ekogenitas. Sineresis phantom yang dibuat tidak melebihi 7% berat awal dan tidak ditemukan pertumbuhan mikroorganisme di permukaan setelah disimpan hingga 30 hari dalam refrigerator. Evaluasi opasitas dan ekogenitas phantom menggunakan perangkat lunak ImageJ pada citra dan radiografi digital. Hasil radiografi menunjukkan opasitas yang sedang atau abu-abu dengan konsistensinya yang menyerupai jaringan lunak. Nilai rataan ekogenitas model folikel tampak hipoekoik, kemudian diikuti oleh badan ovarium dan yang paling hiperekoik adalah corpus luteum. Badan ovarium dan corpus luteum lebih hiperekoik oleh penambahan bubuk kunyit dan garam jenuh ke dalam formulasi model phantom. Perbedaan sifat radiografi dan ultrasonografi tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan dan dikembangkan menjadi phantom ovarium maupun organ lainnya., The use of radiography and ultrasonography diagnostic imaging requires veterinarian’s skill in getting the best images and interpreting them in real time. Phantom can be used as a diagnostic learning media to aid in improving understanding and confirming diagnoses. The formulation of the phantom in this study was made of Nutrijell® and Swallow® mixture with buffered neutral formalin as a preservative, turmeric powder and saturated salt. Organ phantoms made for this research include follicle, corpus luteum, and ovarian bodies, which were subsequently evaluated for durability, opacity, and echogenicity. Phantom syneresis was not more than 7% of its initial weight, and no growth of microorganisms on the surface after storing it for 30 days in the refrigerator. Opacity and echogenicity evaluation of the phantom were conducted using ImageJ software on digital radiographs and ultrasonography. Radiographic results showed a moderate or gray opacity resembling soft tissue consistency. Echogenic mean value of follicle was hypoechoic, followed by ovarian bodies and corpus luteum with hyperechoic result due to the addition of turmeric powder and saturated salt. Result of this research shows that the phantom can be used as imaging learning media of ovaries or other organs.
Keyword: corpus luteum, follicle, ovary, phantom

Judul: Eksplorasi Masalah Logaritma Diskret pada Finite Field G P(2m)
Abstrak: Discrete logarithm problem represents a problem which is defined as modular arithmetic. It is often used to generate a key pair on public key cryptography as security object. Given cyclic group G of order n, αgenerator of G, and β∈􀜩, then, in general, discrete logarithm problem is determined as the integer 􀝔, 0≤􀝔≤􀝊−1, such that α􀯫≡β(mod 􀝊). In Menezes et al. (1997) the algorithm to solve the discrete logarithm problem in common cyclic group G are Exhaustive Search algorithm, Baby-Step Giant-Step, Pollard's rho, Pohlig Hellman and Index Calculus. Furthermore, these algorithms are explored to determine the solution of discrete logarithm problem on 􀜩􀜨(2􀯠). The reconstructed algorithms are implemented using Maple 11 software. These implementation can be used to measure security level of cryptography algorithm, which is based on security aspects of discrete logarithm problem
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