Judul: Pengaruh Variasi Laju Aliran Udara terhadap Proses Pembakaran dan Hasil Produk Pirolsis pada Kompor Biomassa
Abstrak: Pirolisis membutuhkan energi panas untuk memanaskan biomassa menjadi arang. Pemenuhan energi panas dapat dilakukan dengan mengoptimalkan proses pembakaran. Salah satu faktor penentu dalam proses pembakaran adalah jumlah udara yang dialirkan selama proses pembakaran. Kompor biomassa dari Pangala et al. (2018) akan dicoba diuji dengan memberikan variasi laju aliran udara menggunakan blower dan dianalisis pengaruhnya terhadap proses pembakaran dan hasil produk pirolisis. Laju aliran udara 0.033 kg/s, 0.035 kg/s, dan 0.038 kg/s mampu dioperasikan oleh kompor yang telah dilengkapi dengan blower menghasilkan suhu maksimum, yaitu 1178oC, 802.6oC, dan 891.5oC berturut-turut. Semakin besar laju aliran udara, semakin sedikit konsumsi bahan bakar dengan waktu pemicuan dan waktu autotermal yang relatif lebih singkat. Biochar yang dihasilkan adalah sebesar 26.33%, 27.86%, dan 29.10% untuk masing-masing variasi laju aliran udara. Hasil tertinggi biochar dipengaruhi oleh laju pemanasan pirolisis dan suhu maksimum pirolisis masing-masing sebesar 0.145oC/s dan 336.7oC.
Keyword: biochar, laju aliran udara, hasil produk pirolisis, pembakaran

Judul: Effect of Heating Rate on Pyrolysis Product of Oil Palm Empty Bunches
Abstrak: Pemanfaatan biomassa menjadi energi terbarukan dapat dilakukan dengan pirolisis, yaitu dekomposisi biomassa dengan pemberian panas tanpa adanya agen pengoksidasi. Hasil pirolisis dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor seperti suhu, laju pemanasan, kandungan biomassa, dan ukuran partikel. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental dengan tujuan mempelajari hubungan laju pemanasan terhadap hasil pirolisis berupa padatan, cairan, gas, dan komposisi gas yang terkandung. Pirolisis dilakukan pada rentang suhu 400 – 600 oC, dengan laju pemanasan berkisar 21,39 – 25,20 oC/menit. Seiring kenaikan laju pemanasan, komposisi padatan pirolisis cenderung meningkat, namun memiliki persentase paling rendah 12,15 – 20,13%. Komposisi cairan pirolisis berfluktuasi dengan kecenderungan menurun, dengan persentase 36,29% – 42,04%, diikuti oleh gas sebesar 40,16% – 50,4% dengan kecenderungan yang juga menurun. Kenaikan laju pemanasan tidak berpengaruh besar terhadap komposisi gas hasil pirolisis (CH4, CO, CO2, dan H2). Rentang laju pemanasan yang terlalu kecil diduga sebagai penyebab tidak terlihat pengaruhnya terhadap hasil pirolisis dan komposisi gas., Utilization of biomass into renewable energy can be done by pyrolysis, namely the decomposition of biomass by applying heat in the absence of oxidizing agents. Pyrolysis results are influenced by several factors such as temperature, heating rate, biomass content, and particle size. This research was conducted experimentally with the goals of studying the relationship between heating rate and pyrolysis results in the form of solids, liquids, gases, and gas compotition contained. Pyrolysis was carried out in a temperature range of 400 – 600 oC, with a heating rate of 21,39 – 25,20 oC/minute. As the heating rate increases, the composition of pyrolysis solids tends to increase, but has the lowest percentage of 12,15 – 20,13%. The composition of the pyrolysis liquid fluctuates with a decreasing trend, with a percentage of 36,29% – 42,04%, followed by gas at 40,16% – 50,4% with a decreasing trend. The increase in heating rate has not significant effect on the composition of pyrolysis gas (CH4, CO, CO2, and H2). The heating rate range that is too small is thought to be the cause of the invisible effect on pyrolysis results and gas composition.
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Judul: Manajemen Pemeliharaan Kuda (Equus caballus) Untuk Upacara Kenegaraan Dan Sarana Kesenjataan Di Detasemen Kavaleri Berkuda (DenKavkud) TNI-AD Parongpong
Abstrak: Cavalry Horse Detachement (Denkavkud) Indonesian National Army-Cavalary Parongpong is one of the Indonesian military units that utilize the horse and train it as a means of purpose of formal state ceremony and armed forces. Skills possessed by the horse cavalry was the result of care management and specialized training provided by the trainer. Aspects of care management are breeding, feeding, and management. Horses that are kept in the Denkavkud, Parongpong are stallions, mares, foals, and military horses. Total populations of horses at Denkavkud are 183 horses. Besides commited horse training (remonte), Denkavkud also did breeding program to produce horses that can be trained and used as a military horse. There are some issues contained in Denkavkud, such as some of the nutrients needed by the horses not being met from feed given. One of these is crude protein and lysine. Lactation mares was crude protein and lysine deficiency. The number of death in 2010 is higher than previous years. Based on the number of horses that died from January until June 2010 is 11 horses. The average mortality was caused by colic. Colic is caused by excessive eating, excessive drinking during hot, moldy food, and even by investment roundworms. Animal welfare in Denkavkud can be enhanced by improvement of feed given and improving the health of livestock through improved sanitation.
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