Judul: Penentuan Umur Simpan Yoghurt Kacang Hijau (Phaeseolus radiatus, Linn).
Abstrak: Mungbean include one of food plant that has been widely recognized by society, even the plants that belonging to the family of pulses has been long cultivated. In Indonesia, mungbean plant is the third-crop beans that are largely grown after soybean and peanuts. Because of its relatively high protein content and the price is relatively cheap, mungbean have a good prospect as a nutritious food that can be consumed by the public, so it is appropriate to be developed in order to increase their economic value. One alternative forms of processing, is to make yogurt from mungbean. However, the short shelf life of yogurt is sometimes become an obstacle, its because the ignoranced consumer about the storage of yogurt. To ensure that the yogurt is still worthy to consumed and not damaged, you need information about shelf life. This study aims to determine shelf life of mungbean yogurt and measuring the decline in the quality of yogurt during storage. This research was conducted with storing mungbean yogurt in the three different temperatures, that is 5 oC, 15 oC and 25 oC. And packaged in three different packaging, that is glass bottles, HDPE and PP. To determine the shelf life of mungbean yogurt, it use Extended Storage Studies (ESS) or the conventional method of determining the expiration date with in the way to save a product at normal conditions of daily and observed for its decrease quality until it reaches the quality level shelf. Quality parameters were analyzed during storage of yogurt that is fat content, protein content, pH, total acid, and the presence of coliform bacteria. The results for the initial characterization showed that the yogurt product having 4.06 in pH; total acid of 1.90%, 0.15% fat content, protein content of 7.85%, and negative values to test the presence of coliform bacteria. During the storage period there was a change of pH, total acid, fat and protein content, and presence of coliform bacteria. Critical parameters of shelf life of mungbean yogurt is the presence of coliform bacteria and total acid. Based on this research, for total acid as a critical parameters during storage, obtained that shelf life of mungbean yogurt is 21 days for yogurts that stored at 5 °C in glass bottle, HDPE and PP. Then, 18 days for yogurt that is stored on temperature of 15 oC in the packaging of HDPE, and 21 days for yogurt that packed with glass and PP packaging materials. Whereas, yogurt that stored at a temperature of 25 oC, has the shortest shelf life, its just six days for the products that are packed with every type of packaging, that are glass, HDPE and PP. For existence of coliform bacteria as a critical parameters, during storage at 5 °C, the yogurt that was not safe again to eat because of the presence of bacterial, is yogurt that packed with HDPE. For the yogurt that stored at a temperature of 15 oC, which already exceeds the safe limit of SNI is yogurt that packed with HDPE and PP. While, yogurt that stored at a temperature
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Judul: Umur Simpan Yoghurt Simbiotik dengan Variasi Bahan Kemasan dan Suhu Penyimpanan.
Abstrak: Symbiotic yoghurt was made by combination of probiotic culture (Bifidobacterium longum and Lactobacillus acidophilus) and non-probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus) with instant soy bean flour as prebiotic source. This yoghurt was packaged in three different types of packaging namely HDPE, PET and glass bottle under three different temperatures (room temperature, 2-4°C and 7-9°C). Critical parameters of shelf life determination were titratable acidity, total of coliform bacteria, and organoleptic acceptance. Storage time caused decrease of symbiotic yoghurt quality which was characterized by increased titratable acidity and total of coliform bacteria also organoleptic deterioration. Shelf life of symbiotic yoghurt was determined based on how long the critical parameter was attained a minimum limit quality of yoghurt in SNI 2981-2009 about yoghurt. Shelf life of symbiotic yoghurt stored at room temperature with HDPE bottle was one day, whereas with PET bottle and glass bottle were 2 days. At 2-4 °C, the shelf life in HDPE and PET bottle was 21 days, whereas the shelf life in glass bottle was 14 days. At 7-9 °C, the shelf life in HDPE bottle was 7 days, whereas the shelf life in PET bottle and glass bottle were 10 days and 21 days respectively. The result showed that the best shelf life was obtained by used HDPE bottle and storage at 2-4 °C.
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Judul: Karakteristik lompatan hidrolik terhadap pelimpah terjunan pada saluran segi empat
Abstrak: Aliran dengan kecepatan tinggi dalam kondisi superkritis yang melintasi bangunan pelimpah, sebelum bergerak lebih jauh ke arah hilir saluran dimana bilangan Froude (F) lebih besar dari satu harus diubah menjadi aliran subkritis dimana bilangan Froudenya lebih kecil dari satu. Aliran yang meninggalkan kaki pelimpah merupakan aliran yang memiliki kandungan energi yang amat berarti sehingga dapat menimbulkan pengikisan yang besar. Pengubahan bilangan Froude dari kondisi superkritis ke subkritis dimaksudkan agar terjadi perubahan kandungan energi, sehingga aliran menjadi non erosive. Agar daya erosive aliran dapat berkurang, maka biasanya pada bagian hilir dari bangunan pelimpah dibuatkan suatu bangunan peredam energi. Erosi yang terjadi di hilir bangunan pelimpah dapat disebabkan dari keberadaan bangunan pelimpah itu sendiri, maupun bangunan peredam energi yang kurang tepat. Hal ini terutama menyangkut beberapa kejadian lompatan hidrolik yang timbul pada bangunan peredam energi tersebut.. Suatu metode yang efektif untuk menjamin bahwa lompatan hidrolik selalu terjadi pada daerah yang dilindungi, adalah dengan menggunakan bangunan peredam energi yang terdiri dari beberapa tipe dengan..dst
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