Judul: The Contribution of Social Forestry to the Income of Communities Around Forest Farmers in KPH Purwakarta
Abstrak: Berbagai permasalahan kehutanan yang terus terjadi di Indonesia menuntut perlunya solusi konkrit dalam mencegah degradasi dan deforestasi. Perhutanan Sosial hadir sebagi sebuah solusi untuk dapat menciptakan hutan yang lestari dan masyarakat yang sejahtera. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perkembangan program Perhutanan Sosial dan seberapa besar kontribusi yang diberikan terhadap pendapatan petani di wilayah KPH Purwakarta. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan metode wawancara kepada 40 orang petani yang tergabung dalam Lembaga Masyarakat Desa Hutan Bambu Jaya yang mendapatkan izin Perhutanan Sosial melalui Pengakuan dan Perlindungan Kemitraan Kehutanan (Kulin KK). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kontribusi Perhutanan Sosial terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga petani LMDH Bambu Jaya yaitu sebesar 11,85%, hasil analisis faktor menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang memengaruhi pendapatan petani LMDH Bambu Jaya adalah luas lahan, dan tingkat kesejahteraan petani Perhutanan Sosial LMDH Bambu Jaya berada pada tingkat kesejahteraan sedang dan cukup hidup layak., Various forestry problems that continue to occur in Indonesia require the need for concrete solutions to prevent degradation and deforestation. Social Forestry is present as a solution to be able to create sustainable forests and prosperous communities. This study aims to analyze the development of the Social Forestry program and how much it contributes to the income of farmers in the KPH Purwakarta area. Data were collected using interviews with 40 farmers who are members of the Forest Village Community Institution (LMDH) Bambu Jaya who received a Social Forestry permit through the Recognition and Protection of the Forestry Partnership (Kulin KK). The results showed that the contribution of Social Forestry to the household income of LMDH Bambu Jaya farmers was 11,85%, the results of the factor analysis showed that the factors affecting the income of LMDH Bambu Jaya farmers were land area, and the level of welfare of LMDH Bambu Jaya Social Forestry farmers was at a moderate level of well-being and decent living.
Keyword: Sustainable forest, welfare, land area, farmer's income

Judul: The Contribution  of Social Forestry on the Income of LMDH Tanah Mas Members at BKPH Bluluk KPH Mojokerto
Abstrak: Kondisi masyarakat sekitar hutan yang telah lama hidup terbelenggu dengan kemiskinan merupakan salah satu permasalahan yang ada di Indonesia. Dengan adanya program perhutanan sosial diharapkan mampu untuk meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat sekitar hutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sistem pengelolaan dan kontribusi perhutanan sosial terhadap pendapatan anggota LMDH Tanah Mas, KPH Mojokerto. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis statistik deskriptif dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 65 orang yang merupakan anggota LMDH Tanah Mas. Pengelolaan perhutanan sosial yang dilakukan LMDH Tanah Mas meliputi penyiapan lahan, pengolahan tanah, penanaman dengan memperhatikan pengadaan bibit, pembuatan lubang tanam dan pengaturan jarak tanam, pemeliharaan tanaman yang meliputi penyiangan, pemupukan, pengendalian hama penyakit, pemanenan, dan pemasaran kepada tengkulak. Penanaman yang dilakukan oleh petani LMDH Tanah Mas menggunakan pola agroforestri dimana jenis tanaman pertanian yang ditanam berupa padi (Oryza sativa), jagung (Zea mays), tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum), blewah (Cucumis melo L.), dan kacang tanah (Arachis hypogea). Sedangkan untuk tanaman kehutanan yang ditanam pada areal kerja BKPH Bluluk, KPH Mojokerto antara lain jati (Tectona grandis), jabon merah (Anthocephalus macrophyllus), dan kayu putih (Melaleuca leucadendron). Nilai kontribusi perhutanan sosial terhadap pendapatan anggota LMDH Tanah Mas rata-rata sebesar 32,86%. Adapun tingkat kesejahteraan anggota LMDH Tanah Mas berdasarkan garis kemiskinan Bank Dunia menunjukkan bahwa dengan adanya perhutanan sosial maka jumlah petani dengan kategori miskin baik dengan lahan garapan sempit, sedang, maupun luas mengalami penurunan. Sedangkan jumlah petani dengan tingkat kesejahteraan bawah pada berbagai luas lahan garapan mengalami peningkatan. Untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan petani anggota LMDH Tanah Mas perlu adanya inovasi pengolahan terhadap hasil panen menjadi produk olahan baru sehingga mampu meningkatkan taraf hidup petani., The condition of societies around the forest who have been living in poverty for a long time is one of the problems in Indonesia. With the social forestry program, it is expected to be able to increase the income of societies around the forest. The study aimed to analyze the management system and the contribution of social forestry on the income of LMDH Tanah Mas farmers, KPH Mojokerto. The method used was descriptive statistical analysis with the number of respondents are 65 farmers of LMDH Tanah Mas. Social forestry management by LMDH Tanah Mas included land preparation, tillage, planting considering seed procurement, making planting holes and spacing arrangements, plant maintenance included weeding, fertilizing, pest and desease control, harvesting, and marketing to middleman. Planting carried out by LMDH Tanah Mas farmers uses an agroforestry pattern where the types of agricultural crops grown are rice (Oryza sativa), corn (Zea mays), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L.), and peanuts (Arachis hypogea). Meanwhile, forestry plants planted in the working area of BKPH Bluluk, KPH Mojokerto include teak (Tectona grandis), red jabon (Anthocephalus macrophyllus), and eucalyptus (Melaleuca leucadendron). The average value of social forestry contribution on the income of LMDH Tanah Mas farmers was 32.86%.. The welfare level of Tanah Mas LMDH members based on the World Bank's poverty line shows that with the existence of social forestry, the number of farmers in the poor category, with narrow, medium, and wide arable land, has decreased. Meanwhile, the number of farmers with lower welfare levels in
Keyword: contribution, social forestry, societies around the forest, welfare

Judul: Characterizations of low alloy steel sae 4422  plated with chromic acid (Cro3)
Abstrak: Characterizations of low alloy steel SAE 4422 plated with chromic acid (CrOrO3) was use Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), RD),Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-Ray (EDAX), Hardness Test and Roughness Test. Microstructures analysis exhibits cracks and grain boundaries microcracks as a characteristics of chrome metal found at plating metal. Perlite and Ferrite as grains of steel found at base metal with grain boundaries around it. Phase analysis of plating metal appropriate to chrome metal with lattice constant (a) is 2.559 Å and phase analysis of base metal appropriate to iron ferrite with lattice constant (a) is 3.318 Å. Both plating and base metal have cubic system. Chemical analysis of plating metal at surface section exhibits that cracks area have highest value of carbon element compare with grains and grains boundaries area. While chemical analysis of base metal at cross section exhibits that perlite have highest value of carbon element compare with ferrite and grain boundaries. The hardness value of plating metal at surface section and cross section are 753 and 637 VHN. While, the hardness value of base metal and interface area at cross section are 205 and 373 VHN. The roughness value at measurement points of chrome surface for as received sample are 0.445 μm. Observation used Optical Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy exhibits surface irregularities combine to form surface texture of plating metal at surface section.
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