Judul: Morphological Study and Cutting Propagation of Various Hoya Species
Abstrak: Produksi bibit melalui stek batang dapat dibantu oleh Rootone-F dan IBA untuk menginduksi perakaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan morfologi tiga spesies Hoya berdasarkan keragaman daun, bunga, dan pertumbuhan tanaman dan mengetahui pengaruh Rootone-F dan IBA terhadap perbanyakan bibit melalui stek tiga spesies Hoya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Percobaan dilaksanakan pada Januari-Mei 2024 disusun dalam Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap (RKLT), dengan tiga spesies (Hoya latifolia, Hoya nabawanensis, dan Hoya diversifolia) dan dua hormon perakaran (kontrol, Rootone-F dan IBA). Terdapat 2 ulangan yang masing-masing terdiri atas 5 stek. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga spesies memiliki kemiripan pada warna daun tua, bentuk corona (mahkota dalam) dan perbedaan morfologi pada organ daun, batang dan bunga. Persentase hidup terbaik pada stek Hoya dicapai dengan perlakuan kontrol dan Rootone-F. Perakaran stek Hoya tumbuh paling cepat dengan penggunaan Rootone-F, menunjukkan Rootone-F mampu menginduksi pembentukan akar lebih baik dibandingkan IBA. Jumlah daun, jumlah tunas, dan jumlah akar udara hanya dipengaruhi oleh spesies. IBA dan Rootone-F hanya memengaruhi panjang tunas pada awal pertumbuhan. Tidak ada interaksi antara faktor spesies dan ZPT. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini mengungkap bahwa Rootone-F memiliki potensi sebagai ZPT yang efektif untuk meningkatkan persentase hidup dan laju pertumbuhan akar stek Hoya., Seedling production through stem cuttings can be assisted by Rootone-F and IBA to induce rooting. This research aims to describe the morphology of three Hoya species based on leaf, flower, and plant growth diversity and to determine the effects of Rootone-F and IBA on the propagation of seedlings through cuttings of three Hoya species. The research was conducted at Leuwikopo, Bogor Agricultural University. The experiment was carried out from January to May 2024, organized in a Complete Randomized Block Design (RKLT), with three species (Hoya latifolia, Hoya nabawanensis, and Hoya diversifolia) and two rooting hormones (control, Rootone-F, and IBA). There were 2 replicates, each consisting of 5 cuttings. The results showed that the three species had similarities in mature leaf color, corona (inner crown) shape, and morphological differences in leaf, stem, and flower organs. The best survival percentage for Hoya cuttings was achieved with control and Rootone-F treatments. Rooting in Hoya cuttings grew the fastest with the use of Rootone-F, indicating that Rootone-F can induce root formation better than IBA. Leaf number, shoot number, and aerial root number were only affected by species. IBA and Rootone-F only affected shoot length at the early growth stage. There was no interaction between species and plant growth regulator (PGR) factors. Overall, this study reveals that Rootone-F has the potential to be an effective PGR to improve the survival percentage and root growth rate of Hoya cuttings.
Keyword: auksin, IBA, auxin, hoya, Rootone-F, rooting

Judul: Study of Growth and Flowering of Several Indonesian Hoyas (Hoya sp.) Indonesia
Abstrak: Indonesia merupakan negara mega-biodiversity dengan banyak keanekaragaman hayati. Hoya menjadi salah satu kekayaan milik Indonesia dari famili Apocynaceae yang secara alami tumbuh merambat di bawah naungan hutan tropika. Banyaknya spesies hoya belum semuanya diikuti dengan kelengkapan informasi mengenai siklus hidup dan pembungaan, maupun cara budidaya yang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menambah informasi mengenai masa pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif hoya, serta morfologi dan anatomi daun hoya. Penelitian dilaksanakan di greenhouse Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo dan Laboratorium Mikroteknik Program Studi Agronomi dan Hortikultura pada Desember 2022 hingga Juli 2023. Pengumpulan informasi dilakukan melalui tahap pengamatan dan pengukuran dengan parameter vegetatif berupa panjang batang, jumlah batang, jumlah daun, jumlah buku, dan parameter generatif berupa jumlah kuntum bunga, diameter cabang, dan periode pembungaan, serta parameter morfologi dan anatomi daun berupa bentuk daun, bentuk pangkal dan ujung daun serta keberadaan jaringan epidermis, dan jaringan mesofil. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan perbedaan pertumbuhan vegetatif maupun generatif tiap spesies hoya, terutama pada kecepatan tumbuh dan durasi munculnya bunga. Perbedaan juga ditemukan pada bentuk, tipe dan struktur anatomi daun hoya., Indonesia is a mega-biodiversity country with rich biodiversity. Hoya, a member of the Apocynaceae family, is one of tropical epiphytic vines naturally growth under tropical forest. The existing species of hoya not accompanied by complete information regarding the life cycle and flowering yet, as well as optimal cultivation methods. This study aims to add information on the vegetative and generative growth stages of hoya, as well as the morphology and anatomy of its leaves. The research was conducted at the greenhouse of Leuwikopo Experimental Farm and the Microtechnic Laboratory of the Department of Agronomy and Horticulture from December 2022 to July 2023. Data collected by observation and measurement, encompassing vegetative parameters such as branch length, number of branches, number of leaves, and number of nodes, and generative parameters including number of flower buds, branch diameter, and flowering period. Additionally, morphological and anatomical parameters of the leaves, such as leaf shape, base and tip shape, and the existence of epidermal and mesophyll tissues were recorded. The results revealed variations in the vegetative and generative growth among different species of hoya, especially in growth speed and duration of flower appearance. The differences are also found in the shape, type and anatomical structure of hoya leaves.
Keyword: anatomi, generatif, hoya, morfologi, vegetatif

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
Keyword: