Judul: Export Competitiveness of Indonesian Frozen Shrimp and Major Competitor Countries in Three Export Destination Countries
Abstrak: Permintaan global udang beku diperkirakan akan terus meningkat di tahun-tahun mendatang. Indonesia, eksportir udang beku terbesar keempat di dunia, memiliki potensi untuk mendominasi pangsa pasar dunia, meskipun persaingan dengan negara-negara lain semakin ketat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat potensi udang beku Indonesia dalam merebut pasar dan daya saing ekspor udang beku Indonesia serta negara kompetitor di tiga negara tujuan ekspor (Amerika Serikat, Jepang dan China). Analisis ini mencakup satu dekade dari tahun 2013 hingga 2022. Dengan menggunakan metode Acceleration Ratio (AR) udang beku Indonesia menunjukkan nilai yang lebih dari satu di tiga negara tujuan ekspor. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa udang beku Indonesia memiliki potensi untuk merebut pasar di tiga negara tujuan ekspor. Selain itu, metode Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) dan Dynamic Revealed Comparative Advantage (DRCA), studi ini menemukan bahwa udang beku Indonesia memiliki daya saing yang kuat di pasar Amerika Serikat dan Jepang, dengan posisi pada periode 1 (2013-2017) sebagai rising star dan periode 2 (2018-2022) sebagai leading retreat. Di pasar Cina, udang beku Indonesia memiliki daya saing sedang dan pada periode 1 dan periode 2 menempati posisi lagging opportunity., Global demand for frozen shrimp is anticipated to continue rising in the coming years. Indonesia, the fourth largest exporter of frozen shrimp globally, has the potential to dominate the world market share, though competition with countries is becoming increasingly fierce. This study aims to examine the potential to capture markets and competitiveness of Indonesian frozen shrimp and competitors in three export destinations (USA, Japan and China). The analysis covers a decade from 2013 to 2022. Utilizing Acceleration Ratio (AR) methods, the study finds that Indonesian frozen shrimp has a value of more than one in three export destination countries, indicating that Indonesian frozen shrimp has the potential to capture the market in the three export destination countries. Additionally, the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Dynamic Revealed Comparative Advantage (DRCA) shows that Indonesian frozen shrimp exhibits strong competitiveness in the United States and Japanese markets, with positions in period 1 (2013-2017) holding rising star and in period 2 (2018-2022) leading retreat positions, respectively. In the Chinese market, it shows medium competitiveness and occupies in period 1 and period 2 a lagging opportunity position.
Keyword: daya saing, rca, ACCELERATION RATIO, drca, udang beku

Judul: Daya Saing dan Determinan Ekspor Udang Beku Indonesia di Negara Tujuan Ekspor
Abstrak: Frozen shrimp is one of Indonesian export commodities that has the biggest shares on total fisheries export. Indonesia is the fourth biggest exporters of frozen shrimp in the world. However, it didn’t mean that competitiveness is high too. Hence, the purposes of this research are to analyze competitiveness and market position of frozen shrimp and to analyze the determinant of export of frozen shrimp in the world, especially on 15 countries from 2004-2013 using gravity model analyzed by static data panel. RCA (Revealed Comparative Advantage) analysis shows that frozen shrimp Indonesia has high comparative advantage on all destination countries except Spain. EPD (Export Dynamic Product) analysis shows that market position is rising star only in United States. Meanwhile, market position is in lost opportunity in nine destination countries and the rest is in retreat. Based on gravity model, it is shown that the increasing on GDP real per capita of destination country, frozen shrimp price of rival country, and economics distance have positive effect on frozen shrimp export. Meanwhile, the increasing on GDP real per capita of Indonesia, frozen shrimp price of Indonesia, and real exchange rate have negative effects on frozen shrimp export.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University, volume of export., RCA, market position, gravity model, EPD

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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