Judul: Produktivitas Kerbau Rawa di Kecamatan  Muara Muntai, Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara, Kalimantan Timur
Abstrak: The purpose of this reseach was to investigate productivity of swamp buffalo in Pulau Harapan Village. The reseach was conducted from February to May 2009 in Muara Muntai Subdistric, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan. The number of observation were 16 buffaloes (bull, dam, male and female calves 4 each). The results were as follow: the ratio between male and female was 1:4; first oestrus was at 2.6 years of age with the average duration of heat about 8 days and the oestrous cycle about 18.5 days. The first conception occured at 2.8 years with the gestation period about I year. Birth rate and calf crop were relatively high: 75% and 67%. The difference of birth rate and calf crop caused mortality about 11% at 1.7 months of age. Service per conception and conception rate were not known because the buffalo does not use artificial insemination and natural mating was not controlled by breeder. An average body weight of calves at 0 to 24 months were 201.58±81.27 kgs and adult buffaloes at 3-10 years were 372.66±95.25 kgs. The development prospect of buffalo in Muara Muntai was analysed with SWOT from internal and external aspects. Internal aspect include livestock land natural resource, man power, institution, and maintenance system, whereas external aspect include climate, meat demand, price, rivalry, sociocultural, and socioeconomy. The strategies formula of development livestock based on the result of SWOT analysis are reduced mortality, increasing productivity of forage with high quality, increasing harvest weight, repairing reproduction aspect, and deciding prohibition order disimissal and slaughtering breed of bufallo. Keywords: swamp buffalo and productivity
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Judul: Produktivitas, Potensi Dan Strategi Pengembangan Kerbau Belang Di Kecamatan Sanggalangi’, Kabupaten Toraja Utara, Sulawesi Selatan
Abstrak: Spotted buffaloes (Tedong Bonga) is one of local livestock that has the highest value in Torajan’s culture. Population of Torajan's spotted buffalo has been decreasing since several years ago. The aim of this research was to analyze the productivity and reproductivity performances of Torajan’s spotted buffalo. Secondly, to analyze how the potency and development strategy of Torajan's spotted buffalo in Sanggalangi subdistrict, North Toraja. This research was conducted from July to September 2010 in the Sanggalangi’ subdistrict, North Toraja District, South Sulawesi. This research used sampling method were purposive sampling method for subdistrict samples and farmers samples ( 90 farmers). Two kinds of data were obtained in this research. The primary data was collected from the farmers by interview using questioner and observation. The secondary data was collected from North Toraja Livestock and Fishing Departement, Central Statistics Departement, Agricultural Departement and Subdistrict Departement. Data collected were analyzed with descriptive analysis, reproduction characteristic analysis, dynamics of buffalo population analysis, Capacity of Additional Ruminant Population (CARP) analysis, and SWOT (strength, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis. The result showed that as follow : the ratio between male and female was 1:3; first oestrus was at 2,48 years of age with the average duration of heat about 22,6 hours and the oestrous cycle about 18.5 days. The first conception occured at 2.87 years with the gestation period about 387,4 days. Birth rate and calf crop were relatively high: 89% and 77%. The difference of birth rate and calf crop caused mortality about 2,35%. Service per conception (S/C) was 1,85 time and conception rate was 86,5%. CARP estimation showed that Sanggalangi’ subdistrict’s CARP value was negative. The strategies formula of development spotted buffalo is turnaround strategies or stability of weaknesses and opportunities.
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Judul: Sistem Instrumentasi Berbasis Kristal Fotonik Satu Dimensi untuk Pengukuran Parameter Gas NO2 pada Indeks Standar Pencemar Udara
Abstrak: The objective of this research was to build an integrated instrumentation based on one dimensional photonic crystal for NO2 gas measurement. The phenomenon of photonic pass band has been used as an optical detection for liquid concentration measurement. Photonic crystal, light emitting diode, and photodiode were designed to operate in NO2 absorption spectra that are in the range between 500 – 600 nm. The integrated optical instrument consists of three major subsystems i.e. optical sensor based on photonic crystal, signal conditioning, as well as control and data processing. The experimental results showed that the instrument was able to detect and measure the variation of NO2 gas concentration with resolution about 8 bit per μg/m3 equivalent to 14 bit/ppb.
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