Judul: The Role of Social Capital in the Nature Tourism Management on the Level of the Community Welfare (Case: Badega Gunung Parang, Cihuni, Sukamulya Village, Tegal Waru Sub-district, Purwakarta District, West Java)
Abstrak: Pengelolaan wisata alam tidak terlepas dari peran aktif masyarakat dalam upaya meningkatkan kesejahteraan hidup masyarakat. Kesejahteraan masyarakat merupakan gambaran hidup yang diinginkan oleh seluruh masyarakat dengan melakukan upaya-upaya perbaikan taraf hidup. Kemajuan wisata alam juga tidak lepas dari kepedulian masyarakat yang ada di kawasan wisata. Modal sosial dalam pengelolaan wisata alam berpengaruh terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat. Modal sosial ini dapat dilihat dari kepercayaan (trust), norma (norm), dan jaringan (network). Modal sosial memiliki peran penting bagi keberlangsungan kawasan wisata alam karena tanpa adanya modal sosial maka pengelolaan kawasan wisata tidak akan bisa berkembang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara tingkat kesejahteraan masyarakat sebelum dan selama pandemi COVID-19. Selama pandemi COVID-19, masyarakat cenderung pasif dalam berbagai kegiatan pengelolaan wisata alam Badega Gunung sehingga berimbas pada tingkat kesejahteraan masyarakat., Natural tourism management can’t be separated from the active role of the community in an effort to improve the welfare of the community. Community welfare is a picture of life that is desired by all people by making efforts to improve the standard of living. The progress of natural tourism is also inseparable from the concern of the people in the tourist area. Social capital in natural tourism management affects the welfare of the community. This social capital can be seen from the trust, norm, and network. Social capital has an important role for the sustainability of natural tourism areas because without social capital the management of tourist areas will not be able to develop. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the level of community welfare before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. During the COVID-19 pandemic, people tend to be passive in various management activities of Badega Gunung natural tourism so that it has an impact on the level of community welfare.
Keyword: Community welfare, social capital, nature tourism

Judul: Community Resilience Around Nature Tourism Situ Gunung in the Era of COVID-19 Pandemic
Abstrak: Pandemi COVID-19 telah menyebabkan kerugian pada sektor pariwisata dan masyarakat sekitarnya, termasuk masyarakat sekitar kawasan wisata alam Situ Gunung. Adaptasi diperlukan masyarakat untuk mencapai resiliensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis persepsi masyarakat terhadap dampak, strategi adaptasi dan strategi mitigasinya dalam situasi pandemi COVID-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei rumah tangga dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara berdasarkan metode penentuan sampel dengan tabel Isaac dan Michael pada tingkat kesalahan 10%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pandemi COVID-19 telah berdampak ekonomi pada kehidupan masyarakat namun tidak menimbulkan dampak sosial. Kapasitas adaptasi masyarakat masih rendah, strategi adaptasi dilakukan oleh masyarakat dengan kondisi perekonomian rentan berdasarkan karakteristik pekerjaannya. Strategi mitigasi sudah dimiliki masyarakat namun masih dalam inisiatif di tingkat rumah tangga, The COVID-19 pandemic has caused losses to the tourism sector and surrounding communities, including the communities around the Situ Gunung natural tourism area. Adaptation is necessary for society to achieve resilience. This study aims to analyze people's perception of the impact, adaptation strategy, and mitigation strategy in the situation of the COVID-19 pandemic. The method used is a household survey using questionnaires and interviews based on the determining samples method with Isaac and Michael tables at a 10% error rate. The results showed that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative economic impact on people's lives but has no negative social impact. The adaptation capacity of the community is still low, the adaptation strategy is carried out by people with vulnerable economic conditions based on the characteristics of their job. The community, particularly at a household level, already has mitigation strategies.
Keyword: community, covid-19, resilience, tourism

Judul: Sintesis Flavon dari Fenol dan Benzoil Klorida
Abstrak: Flavone is a class of flavonoid, commonly found in plants with wide bioactivity spectrum. A widely used flavone synthesis route is through acidcatalyzed oxidative cyclization of β-diketone. In this study, unsubstituted flavone had been synthesized via 5-step from phenol, with 22% yield and successfully increased the yield of previous study on Fries rearrangement of phenyl acetate and benzoylation of o-HAP steps. Phenol was acetylated resulting 93% phenyl acetate. AlCl3-catalyzed Fries rearrangement in 1.5 hour and at 120 °C converted phenyl acetate into o-hydroxyacetophenone (o-HAP) with 40% yield. AlCl3 as catalyst produced o-HAP with higher and reproducible yield compared with BF3·Et2O and ZnCl2. Benzoylation of o-HAP followed by Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement of the ester product using KOH in dried pyridine produced β-diketone 1-(2- hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropane-1,3-dione. The yield of ester and β-diketone were 71% and 85%, respectively. Finally, oxidative cyclization of β-diketone with sulphuric acid as catalyst produced 99% of flavone. The flavone product had been characterized spectroscopically and its melting point as well.
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