Judul: Mempelajari Perubahan Mikrobiologi selama Fermentasi Rebon (Masin) Serta Identivitasi Bakteri Asam Laktat
Abstrak: Rebon atau udang kecil merupakan salah satu hasil perikanan yang mudah didapat dan bernilai gizi tinggi. Masyarakat Sumbawa Nusa Tenggara Sarat memantaatkan udang rebon menjadi produk fermentasi yang disebut masin, yang biasanya menjadi teman makan nasi atau sambal. Mutu masin yang dihasilkan oleh industri rumah tangga biasanya tidak seragam karena fermentasi yang dilakukan adalah fennentasi spontan, sehingga perlu upaya untuk mempertahankan mutu masin tersebut. Usaha perbaikan mutu produk fermentasi tergantung pada sejauh mana penelitian dan pengembangan setiap jenis produk fennentasi tersebut telah dilakukan.
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Judul: Fermentasi Bekasam Ikan Nila (Oreochromis sp.) dengan Penambahan Starter Bakteri Asam Laktat
Abstrak: Bekasam adalah produk fermentasi ikan yang mempunyai rasa asam karena menggunakan nasi dan garam sebagai bahan tambahan. Bekasam umumnya difermentasi secara spontan. Produk fermentasi yang dibuat secara spontan ini memiliki beberapa kelemahan yaitu mutu yang dihasilkan tidak seragam sehingga perlu ditambahkan starter. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan karakteristik mikrobiologis dan kimiawi bekasam selama fermentasi dan karakteristik produk terpilih. Perlakuan yang diberikan yaitu penambahan kultur starter tunggal (Lactobacillus plantarum SK(5)) dan kultur starter campuran (L. plantarum SK(5) + Pediococcus pentosaceus BP(20)). Lama fermentasi yang diamati adalah 8 hari dengan pengamatan tiap 2 hari sekali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan starter campuran lebih cepat meningkatkan total bakteri asam laktat dan total asam tertitrasi, serta menurunkan total mikroba dan nilai pH dibandingkan starter tunggal.
Keyword: bakteri asam laktat, bekasam, fermentasi, starter

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite