Judul: Sensitivitas Ibu, Kelekatan Ibu-Anak, dan Perkembangan Kognitif Anak Usia Prasekolah di Wilayah Miskin Perkotaan
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh sensitivitas ibu, kelekatan ibu-anak, dan perkembangan kognitif anak usia prasekolah di wilayah miskin perkotaan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kelurahan Empang dan Tegallega, Kota Bogor yang melibatkan 100 contoh anak yang berusia 3-6 tahun beserta ibu yang dipilih secara proportional random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lama pendidikan ibu dan sensitivitas ibu berhubungan positif signifikan dengan kelekatan ibu-anak. Lama pendidikan ibu dan pendapatan per kapita berhubungan positif signifikan dengan perkembangan kognitif anak. Besar keluarga berhubungan negatif signifikan dengan kelekatan ibu-anak dan perkembangan kognitif. Keikutsertaan PAUD dan lama pendidikan ibu berpengaruh positif terhadap perkembangan kognitif anak. Penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak adanya pengaruh yang signifikan antara kelekatan ibu-anak dengan perkembangan kognitif anak.
Keyword: kelekatan ibu-anak, kemiskinan, PAUD, perkembangan kognitif, sensitivitas ibu

Judul: Gaya Pengasuhan, Kelekatan Ibu-Anak, dan Kecerdasan Emosi Anak Usia Prasekolah di Wilayah Miskin Perkotaan
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh gaya pengasuhan, kelekatan ibu-anak, dan kecerdasan emosi anak usia prasekolah yang mengikuti PAUD dan tidak mengikuti PAUD. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kelurahan Empang dan Kelurahan Tegallega, Kota Bogor. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional study. Contoh dalam penelitian ini adalah anak yang berusia 3-6 tahun dan ibu yang tinggal di wilayah miskin perkotaan. Jumlah contoh dalam penelitian ini adalah 98 anak dan ibu yang terpilih secara proporsional random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara kecerdasan emosi anak yang mengikuti PAUD dan yang tidak mengikuti PAUD. Selain itu, terdapat hubungan positif signifikan antara gaya pengasuhan pelatih emosi dengan kelekatan ibu-anak. kecerdasan emosi anak usia prasekolah yang mengikuti PAUD lebih baik dibandingkan yang tidak mengikuti PAUD. Penelitian ini tidak menemukan hubungan antara gaya pengasuhan, kelekatan ibu-anak, dengan kecerdasan emosi.
Keyword: anak usia prasekolah, gaya pengasuhan, kecerdasan emosi, kelekatan ibu-anak, keikutsertaan PAUD

Judul: Extracellular Expression of thermostable Geobacillus stearothermophilus T1.2RQ Lipase for Biodiesel Production
Abstrak: The extracellular expression of enzymes in an excellent secretion host such as Bacillus subtilis is a useful strategy for making enzymes of industrial significance more affordable by lowering the cost of its downstream processing. Lipases are a category of hydrolases that catalyze the hydrolysis of triglycerides to glycerol and free fatty acids. Also, lipases catalyze the hydrolysis and transesterification of other esters as well as the synthesis of esters. They can perform very specific biotransformation reactions and are widely used in food, organic synthesis, detergents, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Geobacillus stearothermophilus T1.2RQ lipase is an industrially-desired thermostable lipolytic enzyme with an excellent hydrolytic and transesterification activity. This study aimed to express T1.2RQ lipase, in B. subtilis WB800 and ensure its secretion into the extracellular medium. Three signal peptides (AmyQ, Epr, LipA) and two promoters (Pgrac01 and Pgrac100) were used in the secretory-expression of T1.2RQ lipase, based on five constructed expression vectors constructed by restriction cloning and PCR mutagenesis. Sangers sequencing was used to verify constructs to ensure they are in the correct reading frame. Recombinants vectors, pHT43 (plasmid control), pHT43-T1.2RQ, pHT43- T1.2RQ_AmyQ, pHT43-T1.2RQ_Epr, and pHT43-T1.2RQ_LipA, were transformed by electroporation into Bacillus subtilis WB800. The electroporation was successful with the optimum condition of 2500V, 200 ohms, 25µF, and 5milliseconds. Recombinant B. subtilis pHT43 (negative control) and pHT43-T1.2RQlip + signal peptides were streaked on the lipidic agar, LA+TBN. All four recombinants, including the negative control (B. subtilis WB800-pHT43), produced clear zones on the TBN agar plate after overnight incubation (fig 2), indicating the presence of a lipolytic enzyme in all of the recombinant B. subtilis cells. pHT43-T1.2RQlip + signal peptides (AmyQ, Epr, and LipA) have clear zones with significantly higher diameters than B. subtilis WB800-pHT43 (negative control). This phenomenon suggests that the recombinant thermostable lipase T1.2RQ introduced into these cells was successfully expressed, thereby increasing the lipolytic capability of its host cells T1.2RQ lipase was expressed in 50ml terrific broth medium (TB) and the expression induced with 1mM IPTG. Lipase activity assay using p-nitrophenyl esters showed that all three signal peptides directed the secretion of T1.2RQ lipase into the extracellular medium. Signal peptide, LipA, resulted in the highest extracellular activity of 5.6 U/mL, which corresponds to a 6-fold increase over the parent B. subtilis WB800 strain. Meanwhile, signal peptides, AmyQ and Epr produced 4.2 U/mL and 3.4 U/mL activity respectively. SDS-Zymogram analysis confirmed that T1.2RQ lipase was correctly processed and secreted in its original size of 44 kDa. An attempt to further increase lipase expression level by promoter optimization showed that, contrary to expectation, promoter Pgrac100 exhibited similar expression levels as the original Pgrac01. Nevertheless, the demonstration of the successful secretion of T1.2RQ lipase in this work confirms the latter as a promising approach for the industrial production of the enzyme
Keyword: Bacillus subtilis, Expression, Extracellular, Heterologous, Lipase, Thermostable