Judul: Mangrove Ecotourism Services Assessment in Mangrovesari Marine Tourism Village, Kaliwlingi, Brebes Regency, Central Java
Abstrak: Wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Brebes memiliki kawasan mangrove dengan potensi nilai ekonomi yang tinggi. Salah satu jasa ekosistem mangrove adalah jasa budaya berupa ekowisata. Desa Wisata Bahari Mangrovesari mengalami penurunan kondisi lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh kurangnya informasi mengenai penilaian terhadap jasa ekowisata mangrove. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghitung nilai ekonomi ekowisata mangrove, serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kegiatan wisata. Metode penarikan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini purposive sampling dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara. Valuasi dilakukan menggunakan Willingness to Pay (WTP) dan Travel Cost Method (TCM). Nilai ekonomi ekowisata mangrove Desa Wisata Bahari Mangrovesari dari pendekatan WTP sebesar Rp 490.524.000/tahun, sedangkan nilai ekonomi yang diperoleh dari pendekatan TCM sebesar Rp 170.028.000/tahun. Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh nyata dalam kesediaan membayar adalah pendidikan dan pendapatan. Faktor-faktor yang yang berpengaruh nyata dalam jumlah kunjungan wisata diataranya, pendidikan, waktu luang, dan biaya perjalanan., The coastal area of Brebes Regency has mangrove areas with high potential value. One of the mangrove ecosystem value is cultural services in the form of ecotourism. Mangrovesari Marine Tourism Village has experienced a decline in environmental conditions caused by a lack of information regarding the valuation of mangrove ecotourism services. This study aims to calculate the economic value of mangrove ecotourism, and identify factors that influence tourism activities. The sampling method used in this study was purposive sampling with data collection techniques in the form of interviews. Valuation is done using Willingness to Pay (WTP) and Travel Cost Method (TCM). The economic value of mangrove ecotourism in Mangrovesari Marine Tourism Village from the WTP approach amounted to IDR 490,524,000/year, while the economic value obtained from the TCM approach amounted to IDR 170,028,000/year. Factors that have a real effect on willingness to pay are education and income. Factors that have a real effect on the number of tourist visits include education, leisure time, and travel costs.
Keyword: economic value, mangrove ecotourism, Travel Cost Method, Willingness to Pay

Judul: Penilaian Jasa Penyediaan dan Pengaturan Ekosistem  Mangrove di Pandansari Brebes Jawa Tengah
Abstrak: Ekosistem mangrove Pandansari, Brebes, Jawa Tengah merupakan salah satu sumberdaya alam pesisir yang potensial untuk dimanfaatkan. Ancaman alih fungsi lahan menunjukkan kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat sekitar akan pentingnya manfaat ekosistem mangrove. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengestimasi total ekonomi nilai guna langsung dari jasa provisoning dan tidak langsung dari jasa regulating ekosistem mangrove Pandansari. Metode pengambilan sampel yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling dengan pendekatan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara. Analisis data yang digunakan, yakni melalui pendekatan permintaan melalui metode EOP (effect on production) dan pendekatan contingen valuation method (CVM) berupa willingness to pay (WTP). Nilai ekonomi dari jasa provisioning ekosistem mangrove sebagai penyedia perikanan tangkap, yakni sebesar Rp124.401.446/ha/tahun, sedangkan nilai ekonomi dari jasa regulating ekosistem mangrove sebagai pengendali banjir, yakni sebesar Rp1.625.340.000/tahun., The Pandansari mangrove ecosystem in Brebes, Central Java, is one of the coastal natural resources with potential for utilization. The threat of land-use change indicates a lack of awareness among the local community about the importance of the mangrove ecosystem's benefits. This study aims to estimate the total economic value of direct use from provisioning services and indirect use from regulating services of the Pandansari mangrove ecosystem. The sampling method applied in this research is purposive sampling with a data collection approach through interviews. The data analysis used, is the demand approach through the Effect on Production (EOP) method and the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) in the form of willingness to pay (WTP). The economic value of the provisioning services of the mangrove ecosystem as a provider of capture fisheries is Rp124,401,446/ha/year; while the economic value of the regulating services of the mangrove ecosystem as a flood controller is Rp1,625,340,000/year.
Keyword: regulating services, flood control, provisioning  services, Capture fisheries, economic valuation

Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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