Judul: Profil lima surat kabar harian di Sumatera
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perbedaan prioritas bidang masalah dan cakupan wilayah dalam pemberitaan suratkabar harian di Sumatera. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap lima suratkabar yang rnewakili daerah yang memiliki suratkabar harian. Sampel yang dikaji dipilih dari terbitan mewakili hari, minggu, dan bulan selama April 1992 - Maret 1993. Penelitian ini dirancang sebagai penelitian analisis isi dengan menghitung frekuensi dan mengukur volume tiap berita menurut bidang rnasalah dan cakupan wilayah. Kategori yang digunakan adalah penggolongan berita rnenurut bidang masalah (20 kategori) dan penggolongan berita menurut cakupan wilayah (tiga kategori). Hasil penelitian terhadap pemuatan berita menurut bidang masalah menunjukkan bahwa preferensi tiap suratkabar dalam menentukan frekuensi rnaupun volume pemuatan berita menurut bidang masalah tidak sama. Jumlah bidang masalah yang ditonjolkan berkisar antara empat hingga tujuh bidang masalah, yaitu terlihat dari porsi frekuensi maupun volumenya yang selalu di atas nilai rata-rata. Ternyata secara keseluruhan terdapat tiga bidang masalah yang sama diprioritaskan oleh semua suratkabar, yaitu bidang masalah politik dan kegiatan pemerintah, olahraga, serta pertahanan dan keamanan. ...
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Judul: Perbandingan Frekuensi Dan Volume Bidang Masalah Dan Sumber Informasi Di Mitra Desa, Bhirawa Edisi KMD, Kartika Edisi Desaku Membangun, Dan Rakyat Edisi Cirebon Dalam Tahun 1987
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitiannya: (1) mengukur derajat keera- tan penyebaran bidang masalah di keempat suratkabar, (2) mengukur penggunaan sumber informasi di keempat suratkabar, (3) mengukur hasil liputan pemilihan umum di keempat suratkabar, (4) mengukur derajat pemenuhan syarat sebagai media informasi, di keempat suratkabar. Jumlah sampel 100 eksemplar yang diambil berdasarkan ”Rotated Sampling", prosedur dari populasi penerbitan 1 Januari -31 Desember 1987. Penelitian dirancang sebagai penelitian deskriptif. Metode analisis isi digunakan untuk menganalisa isi keempat suratkabar. Untuk bidang masalah, disusun tujuh belas kategori terdiri dari: pertanian, kesehatan, pendidikan, koperasi, transmigrasi, politik dan kegiatan pemerintahan, ekonomi dan industri, lingkungan, hukum dan enerji dan tambang, kebudayaan dan pariwisata, pembangunan fisik, pembangunan spiritual, teknologi terapan, olahraga, hiburan, dan iklan. Sedangkan sumber informasi Terdiri atas: pemerintah, bukan pejabat pemerintah dan kombinasi pejabat dan bukan pejabat pemerintah. Kategori diuji berdasarkan formula Holsty, hasilnya koefisien composite reliability = 0,94…dst
Keyword: Newspapers, Information Source, Rural Newspaper, Village Partners

Judul: Kloning dan Ekspresi Human Interferon-alfa2a pada Yeast Metilotropik Pichia pastoris
Abstrak: Interferon (IFN) is a group of proteins that are secreted by body cells as a result of exposure to biological vertebrates such as: viruses, bacteria, protozoa and other compounds. There are three types of interferon, namely: alpha (α), beta (β) and gamma (γ) IFN. Interferon-α2a belongs to the type I interferon. This protein has a molecular weight of 21.550 kDa and consists of 188 amino acids (23 amino acid of signal peptide and 166 amino acids of mature protein). Interferon-α2a is also known to be used for the treatment of hepatitis C and as anti-tumor and antivirus agents. Regulator gene for IFN production under normal conditions, is in the off position to IFN is not produced. But when there are external stimuli, both viral and bacterial infections, a regulator gene switches on, and IFN production system running. At the time of an attack from a variety of disease agents actually the body will produce IFN, but generally the amount produced is not sufficient to fight the disease agents that multiply very quickly. Therefore IFN intake from outside is needed. This is the beginning of the use of IFN as a drug. Genetic engineering is an activity to manipulate the genes to get new products by creating recombinant DNA through gene insertion. Recombinant DNA technology has been used to produce IFN. Yeast such as Pichia pastoris can be an alternative as the host (system) to express human interferon genes and as a producer of IFN protein. Expression system P. pastoris offers several advantages for the production of recombinant proteins, such as: the high level expression of recombinant proteins, ease of scaling-up fermenter, low cost and ease of transformation techniques and selection of transformed cells such as bacteria . The existence of inducible AOX1 promoter is very strong, easily control the expression of recombinant proteins by induction. AOX1 is a promoter that controls gene expression of alcohol oxidase to metabolize methanol as carbon source of P. pastoris. Therefore,this study aimed to clone human interefron-α2a (hifnα2a) gene in E. coli and express it in metylotrophic yeast P. pastoris. Vector used in this study is pPICZαB (Invitrogen). Ligation process between insert (hifn-α2a gene) and vector (pPICZαB) performed by using T4 DNA ligase, which functions synthesize the formation of phosphodiester bonds linking the nucleotides with nucleotide insert plasmid vectors to produce recombinant (pPICZαB-hifnα2a). This recombinant plasmid transformed into XL1 blue cells (E. coli) by Heat shock method. The results of sequencing analysis (clone 6) using 5'AOX and 3'AOX primers indicate that DNA base sequence of human IFN-α2a genes has been subclone into pPICZαB vector (in frame). Recombinant plasmid (clone 6) linearized using BstX1 enzyme before transformed into X33 yeast cell. Transformation into cell was done by Electroporation. The X33 cell P. pastoris strain was used to express human interferon-α2a. X33 is strains with the phenotype Mut+ (methanol utilization plus) and can be used for positive transformants selection using zeocin. Phase protein production work using Mut+ strain occurred in two phases. The first phase is the use of glycerol to obtain a certain amount of biomass (high cell
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