Judul: Analisis komoditas unggulan dan tingkat partisipasi petani dalam pengembangan pertanian Kabupaten Bulukumba
Abstrak: Agriculture is an important sector in the economic system and also a basic sector mainly in South Sulawesi province and Bulukumba regency. As one of the provinces in the eastern Indonesia that acts as a national food barn, therefore since 1988, the provincial government had been implemented the commodity region concepts in order to optimaze the resources utilization based on the characteristics of each region. Bulukumba regency is one of the regions that possess not only various geographic area such as highlands and lowlands but also act as the basic capital in developing many kinds of agricultural commodities. Therefore, the determination of prime commodities was importantly needed in developing this region to be more targeted and more focused so that it would be increased the local communities and region incomes. Participation level of farmers was also extremely expected in developing our prime commodities because farmers become one of the main actors in determining the yield of agricultural production. In the future, agricultural sector will be redirected into agro-industrial sector as an integration form with industrial sector. This research was generally aimed to develop the strategies for developing the sector and prime commodities and also other derivative sectors whereas on the other hand. This research was also specifically aimed to (1) identify the prime agricultural subsectors of Bulukumba regency mainly in South Sulawesi province, (2) identify the prime commodities in Bulukumba regency based on the comparative and competitive advantage and opinion from government apparatus and (3) analyze the participation level of farmers in the development of prime commodities. The analysis methods employed in this study were prime subsector and prime commodities analysis, analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and participation level of farmers analysis. Prime subsector and prime commodities analysis were conducted using location quotient (LQ) analysis that acts as a comparative advantage and differential shift (DS) that acts as a competitive advantage. In this research, LQ analysis was performed using the data in the year of 2010 while DS analysis was performed using the data in the year of 2006 and 2010. AHP is a method for decision-making in order to determine the prime commodities based on the view of official government. The AHP’s criteria used in this study are: (1) natural resources, (2) farmers' preferences, (3) public policy, (4) economic contribution, (5) institutional and (6) market. Participation level of farmer analysis was performed using cross-tabulation in order to observe the relationship between inter-variables such as willingness, ability and farmers’ opportunity in participating for the development of prime commodities. Prime subsectors in Bulukumba regency are food crops, plantation crops and livestock subsectors while fisheries and forestry subsectors were only strategic in term of competitive advantage but not comparative advantage. The results showed that our agriculture sector in Bulukumba regency was a basic sector and dominant prime subsector both in term of comparative and competitive advantage so that this sector was very potential to be developed. The prime vii agricultural commodities both in term of comparative and competitive advantage in Bulukumba regency were consist of 20 commodities from all three subsectors of eminent and always
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Judul: Analysis of the Development of Superior Food Crop Commodities at Subdistrict Level in Bogor Regency
Abstrak: Kabupaten Bogor memiliki potensi dalam pengembangan subsektor tanaman pangan yang berperan besar terhadap perekonomian dan ketahanan pangan daerah. Penurunan luas lahan pertanian menjadi masalah yang dihadapi dalam pengembangan subsektor tersebut sehingga dibutuhkan upaya untuk mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan lahan melalui pengembangan komoditas unggulan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Mengidentifikasi komoditas unggulan tanaman pangan pada tingkat kecamatan di Kabupaten Bogor; (2) Menganalisis tingkat spesialisasi dan lokalisasi dari komoditas unggulan tanaman pangan; (3) Menganalisis prioritas pengembangan komoditas unggulan tanaman pangan pada tingkat kecamatan; dan (4) Menganalisis upaya pengembangan komoditas unggulan tanaman pangan oleh Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Bogor. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian antara lain metode analisis deskriptif, location quotient (LQ), kuosien spesialisasi, dan kuosien lokalisasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komoditas tanaman pangan dengan wilayah basis terbanyak di Kabupaten Bogor adalah padi sawah, kacang tanah, ubi kayu, ubi jalar, dan talas. Tidak ada spesialisasi dan pemusatan komoditas unggulan tanaman pangan pada tingkat kecamatan. Semua komoditas tanaman pangan menjadi komoditas yang diprioritaskan untuk dikembangkan pada tingkat kecamatan. Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Bogor dan dinas terkait telah melaksanakan Program Peningkatan Produksi, Produktivitas, dan Nilai Tambah Tanaman Pangan yang terdiri dari kegiatan pengelolaan produksi hingga pengolahan dan pemasaran produk hasil pertanian tanaman pangan., Bogor Regency has potential in the development of the food crop subsector, which has a major role in the regional economy and food security. The decrease in the area of agricultural land is a problem faced in the development of this subsector, so efforts are needed to optimize land use through the development of superior commodities. This study aims to (1) identify the superior commodities of food crops at the subdistrict level in Bogor Regency; (2) analyze the level of specialization and localization of superior food crop commodities; (3) analyze the priority of developing superior food crop commodities at the subdistrict level; and (4) analyze efforts to develop superior food crop commodities by the Regional Government of Bogor Regency. The methods used in this study include descriptive analysis methods, location quotient (LQ), specialization quotient, and localization quotient. The results showed that the food crop commodities with the largest base area in Bogor Regency are lowland rice, peanuts, sweet potatoes, cassava, and taro. There is no specialization and centralization of superior food crop commodities at the subdistrict level. All food crop commodities are prioritized to be developed at the subdistrict level. The Regional Government of Bogor Regency and related agencies have implemented the Program to Increase Production, Productivity, and Added Value of Food Crops, which consists of activities from production management to processing and marketing of food crop agricultural products.
Keyword: base area, centralization, location quotient, specialization, superior commodities

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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