Judul: Optimizing Retention of Insurance Companies for Stop Loss Reinsurance using the Value at Risk Method
Abstrak: Perusahaan asuransi seringkali mengalami fluktuasi pendapatan dan pengeluaran pembayaran klaim yang dapat mengakibatkan kerugian atau kesulitan membayar klaim, maka dalam suatu perusahaan asuransi pembagian risiko diperlukan. Reasuransi merupakan salah satu mekanisme transfer risiko dari perusahaan asuransi kepada reasuradur. Salah satu jenis reasuransi yang sering digunakan adalah reasuransi stop loss. Dalam membagi risiko, ditentukan proporsi perusahaan dan reasuradur, hal ini disebut retensi. Retensi penting untuk ditentukan agar perusahaan tidak terlalu banyak membayar premi reasuransi namun tidak terlalu banyak menanggung risiko. Penentuan retensi yang optimal dapat dilakukan menggunakan Value at Risk dengan asumsi retensi bergantung pada distribusi besar klaim dan faktor loading. Dengan tingkat kepercayaan 90%, untuk faktor loading sebesar 10%, 20%, dan 30% diestimasi retensi optimalnya yaitu sebesar Rp. 170,351,556, Rp. 325,904,536, dan Rp. 468,982,963, dan risiko yang dialihkan ke reasuradur sebesar sisa klaim apabila besar klaim melebihi retensi optimalnya.
Keyword: reasuransi, retensi, stop loss, Value at Risk

Judul: Asuransi Optimal dan Kebijakan Reasuransi dalam Proses Risiko
Abstrak: Insurer has a risk to bankrupt because the distribution of its claim size has a thick tail. This means that the probability of a big claim is relatively high. For this situation, insurer divides a part or all risk of to other insurer (reinsurance) to minimize the expected maximal losses. Insurer can optimize insurance policies, reinsurance, or both. When insurer optimizes insurance policies for minimizing the expected maximal losses, insurer limits its claim size to be paid by insured. When insurer optimizes reinsurance, insurer do not limit the claim size submitted by insured but insurer just paid a part from the claim submitted by insured and the rest being paid reinsurance. When insurer uses the combination polices, insurer limits the claim size submitted by insured and insurer paid a part from the claim it and the rest being paid by reinsurance. The result of optimizes insurance policies, reinsurance, or both is a stop loss policy to minimize the expected maximal losses.
Keyword: reinsurance., insurance policies, insurance, risk

Judul: Photosensor producing based on ferroelectric material of Ba0,5Sr0,5TiO3 doped by Ferrium Oxide (Fe2O3) on a P-Type Silicon Substate Si (100) applied as a digital camera with a single pixel image sensor
Abstrak: Thin film Ba0,5Sr0,5TiO3 (BST) doped with Fe2O3 was grown on p-type silicon substrate (100) using chemical solution deposition (CSD). It used the solvent 2-methoxyethanol with annealing temperature of 850°C and the doping treatment Fe2O3 of 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 % of the mass formed BST. Pure BST had the highest absorption of 600 nm of light wavelength. Additions Fe2O3 moves highest absorption in the range of 560 nm. Fe2O3 addition was strengthening thin film sensitivity to the effects of light. In general, doping Fe2O3 10% was result the best absorbance and current-voltage of BST thin film. Electrical properties of thin films BST include dielectric, photoconductivity, and dissipation energy. Based on the current-voltage (I-V) analysis, pure BST and doped BST showed photodiode properties. Dielectric values obtained in the range from 23.32 to 243. Based on electrical conductivity data and energy dissipation, BST thin films have shown photodiode characteristics and are therefore suitable as light sensors. The image sensor in a digital camera is also a light sensor. This BST thin film has been scientifically proven to be a light sensor and also it can be applied as an image sensor. This is a novelty image sensor based on thin film Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3.
Keyword: barium strontium titanate, thin film, photodiode, image sensor, digital camera