Judul: Suplementasi Niasin Yang Berbeda Struktur Kimia Terhadap Produktivitas Sapi Perah Laktasi: Meta-Analisis In Vivo Dan Kajian In Vitro
Abstrak: Niacin supplementation can inhibit the negative energy balance in dairy cows because niacin can increase microbial protein synthesis, forming an essential component of adenosine tri phosphate (ATP) and anti-lipolysis which can prevent ketosis. The present study was aimed to determine the optimum supplementation niacin, examines the effectiveness of niacin for energy balance, analyzing the effect of niacin protected against performance, productivity of lactating dairy cows (methods of meta-analysis). In this study consisted of two phases, the first phase is a study of meta-analysis and the second phase is the in vitro study. Meta-analysis using 51 articles with 30 treatment associated with supplementation of niacin which detected with scopus index. A meta-analysis using data related to the level of feed intake, nutrient digestibility and blood profiles were performed in vivo. Meta-analysis of data obtained were analyzed using SAS 9.1 and supplementation niacin in in vitro optimum at 400 ppm (resulted by meta-analysis). The in vitro study used rumen fluid from a fistulated Holstein Fresian cow obtained from Indonesian Animal Research Center, Ciawi, Bogor. The basal ration was consisted of 60% forage (grass) and 40% concentrate supplemented with niacin 400 ppm in the different chemical form of nicotinic acid (NA), niacinamide (NM), niacin protected with lipid and niacin protected with buffer agent. All samples niacin used in this study was obtained from one of the manufacturers of niacin. In vitro data analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and orthogonal contrast test to see the differences among treatments. The results of the meta-analysis showed the effect of niacin supplementation in different chemical structure can improve the digestibility of acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDF), decrease the production of beta-hidroxybutyric acid (BHBA) and increase milk production. The results of in vitro study of niacin supplementation protected and not protected can not affect dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), ammonia concentration, concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA) (acetate, propionate, butyrate). In vitro study has a tendency may increase propionate concentrations and significantly increase the concentration of N-valerate. The conclusion of the study meta-analysis is the level of niacin supplementation protected and not protected at the optimum level in 400 ppm day-1 which can reduce BHBA, increases milk production. This causes the negative energy balance in lactating dairy cows can prevented. In others hand, in vitro studies of niacin supplementation had no effect on digestibility, ammonia concentration, the concentration of VFA (acetic, propionic, butyric), but can improve the concentration of N-valerate because quality of ration not correspond standar. Niacin supplementation effective if given appropriate quality standard ration.
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Judul: Effect of Niacinamide Supplementation on Hematology Profile and Feed Consumption of Madura Cattle
Abstrak: Transportasi merupakan salah satu tahapan penting dalam bisnis peternakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dampak suplementasi niacinamide terhadap konsumsi pakan, hematologi, dan glukosa darah pada fase pemulihan sapi Madura pasca transportasi jarak jauh selama 18 jam. Penelitian ini menggunakan 14 ekor sapi Madura pejantan dengan bobot badan (224,64±13,1 kg), yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok perlakuan dengan masing-masing 7 ulangan (n=7). Perlakuan terdiri dari P0 = kontrol, dan P1 = niacinamide 1000 mg ekor-1 hari-1. Sapi diobservasi selama 28 hari pasca-transportasi. Parameter yang diukur, yaitu konsumsi pakan, profil hematologi darah, dan kadar glukosa darah. Data dianalisis menggunakan repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) dan analisis t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suplementasi niacinamide sebesar 1000 mg ekor-1 hari-1 pada sapi Madura menurunkan monosit pada minggu pertama, dan memperbaiki hematokrit pada minggu kedua. Konsumsi BK, glukosa darah, dan profil hematologi darah pasca-transportasi kecuali jumlah limfosit dan basofil mengalami perbaikan selama masa pemeliharaan. Disimpulkan bahwa suplementasi 1000 mg ekor-1 hari-1 niacinamide berpengaruh terhadap profil darah, namun, tidak terhadap konsumsi sapi Madura pasca transportasi., The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of niacinamide on the recovery rate of Madura beef cattle after long distance transportation. Fourteen Madura bulls (BW 224.64 ± 13.1 kg) were equally divided into two treatments, i.e., control and niacinamide supplementation. The cattle were transported on the same truck for 18 hours and were observed for 28 days after transportation. After transportation, cattle were fed either control or 1000 mg head-1 day-1 niacinamide supplemented diet. The parameters observed were feed intake, blood glucose level, and hematology profile. Repeated measures ANOVA and t-test was used to analyze the data. Niacinamide supplementation of 1000 mg head-1day -1 did not affect feed intake, hematology profile, and blood glucose level except PCV and monocyte count. Time affects feed intake, blood glucose, and hematology profile except for lymphocytes and basophyle count. In conclusion, 1000 mg head-1 day-1 niacinamide supplementation affects blood profile but not feed intake.
Keyword: glukosa darah, konsumsi pakan, niacinamide, profil darah, pemulihan pasca transportasi, sapi madura, blood glucose, blood profile, feed intake, madura cattle, post-transport recovery

Judul: Pembuatan Automatic Rain Recorder untuk Pengukuran Curah Hujan Menggunakan Microcontroller ATmega8
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk merancang prototype penakar hujan otomatis atau yang lebih dikenal dengan sebutan automatic rain recorder (ARR) dengan akurasi yang diperoleh dari hasil pengujian adalah 88,3%. ARR terdiri dari Microcontroller ATmega8 sebagai CPU (central processing unit) serta akuisisi data. Pewaktuan lokal menggunakan RTC (real time clock) serial dengan dilengkapi baterai litium sebagai backup catu daya. Media penyimpan data menggunakan memori AT24C256 dengan kapasitas hingga 32 Kbyte. Komunikasi dengan komputer menggunakan jalur serial RS232 untuk mengatur waktu RTC dan mengunduh data dari memori . Sensor sebagai penakar curah hujan menggunakan jenis tipping bucket dengan resolusi alat sebesar 0.2 mm. Air hujan yang masuk ke dalam penampung pada tipping bucket menghidupkan read switch dan memberikan logika high pada Microcontroller.
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