Judul: Characteristics of Chitosan-Agar Based Bioplastics with the Addition of Different Amounts of Sorbitol as a Plasticizer
Abstrak: Plastik telah menjadi salah satu penyumbang sampah terutama di lingkungan perairan. Penggunaan plastik sebagai kemasan telah menjadi gaya hidup di banyak negara yang memicu kebutuhan plastik yang cukup tinggi. Pembuatan bioplastik berbasis agar masih memiliki sifat fisik yang kurang baik seperti kaku dan kurang elastis. Penambahan material lain seperti kitosan dan sorbitol diharapkan dapat memperbaiki sifat bioplastik yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan formula terbaik dari campuran kitosan dan agar sebagai bahan pembuatan bioplastik dengan jumlah plasticizer sorbitol yang berbeda serta mengetahui karakteristik sifat fisikokimia material bioplastik yang dihasilkan. Tahapan penelitian meliputi pencampuran kitosan, agar, dan sorbitol (0%, 1%, 1,25%, dan 1,5%), pencetakan bioplastik dan karakterisasi bioplastik. Karakterisasi bioplastik meliputi uji ketebalan, uji kuat tarik dan elongasi, daya serap air, analisis gugus fungsi dengan Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectroscopy, dan uji degradasi. Bioplastik dengan formula terbaik yaitu perlakuan 1,25% yang menghasilkan nilai ketebalan 0,096±0,004 mm, daya serap air 18,80±0,94%, kuat tarik 18,83±2,93 MPa, dan elongasi 95,89±12,62%. Waktu yang diperlukan bioplastik 1,25% untuk terdegradasi sempurna yaitu selama 20 hari., Plastic has become one of the contributors to waste, especially in the aquatic environment. The use of plastic as packaging has become a lifestyle in many countries which triggers a high demand for plastic. The manufacture of agar-based bioplastics still has poor physical properties such as stiffness and lack of elasticity. The addition of other materials such as chitosan and sorbitol are expected to improve the properties of the bioplastics produced. This study aims to determine the best formula for the mixture of chitosan and agar as a bioplastic material with different amounts of sorbitol plasticizer and to determine the characteristics of the physicochemical properties of the resulting bioplastic material. The research stages included mixing chitosan, agar, and sorbitol (0%, 1%, 1.25%, and 1.5%), bioplastic molding and bioplastic characterization. Bioplastic characterization includes thickness test, tensile strength and elongation test, water absorption, functional group analysis with Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectroscopy and degradation test. Bioplastics with the best formula was 1.25% treatment which produces a thickness value of 0.096±0.004 mm, water absorption of 18.80±0.94%, tensile strength of 18.83±2.93 MPa, and elongation of 95.89±12.62%. The time required for 1.25% bioplastic to degrade completely was 20 days.
Keyword: agar, bioplastik, kitosan, plasticizer, sorbitol

Judul: Synthesis of Coconut Pulp-Based Bioplastics with the  Addition of Sorbitol and Chitosan
Abstrak: Bioplastik merupakan plastik biopolimer yang mudah terurai oleh mikroorganisme sehingga dapat menjadi alternatif pengganti plastik komersial. Salah satu polimer alam yang banyak digunakan sebagai bahan bioplastik adalah polisakarida. Ampas kelapa berpotensi sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bioplastik dengan penambahan kitosan dan sorbitol sebagai plasticizer. Penelitian bertujuan untuk membuat bioplastik sebagai pengemas makanan berbasis ampas kelapa dengan metode solution casting, serta melihat pengaruh variasi kitosan dan sorbitol terhadap karakteristik bioplastik. Karakterisasi meliputi uji ketebalan, uji mekanik, uji water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), uji biodegradabilitas, uji masa simpan produk, dan analisa scanning electron microscope (SEM). Penambahan kitosan dan sorbitol berpengaruh pada ketebalan film bioplastik. Nilai tensile strength 3 MPa - 18,16 MPa. Nilai elongation 0,52%-24,10%. Nilai WVTR 2,13 g/m2.jam - 2,87 g/m2.jam. Waktu bioplastik terdegradasi sempurna yaitu 3-6 hari. Morfologi permukaan film bioplastik terdapat spot spot putih, berpori dan kurang homogen., Bioplastics is a biopolymer plastic that is easily decomposed by microorganisms so that it can be an alternative to commercial plastics. Polysaccharides are one of the natural polymers that are widely used as bioplastic materials. Coconut pulp has the potential as raw material for making bioplastics with the addition of chitosan and sorbitol as plasticizers. The research aims to make bioplastics as food packaging based on coconut pulp with the solution casting method and to see the effect of variations of chitosan and sorbitol on the characteristics of bioplastics. Characteristic includes the thickness, mechanical property test, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), biodegradability, product shelf life test, and surface morphology analysis with SEM. The addition of chitosan and sorbitol affects the thickness of the bioplastic film. The tensile strength value is 3 MPa-18,16 MPa. The elongation value is 0,52%-24,10%. The WVTR Value is 2,13 g/m2.hour - 2,87 g/m2.hour. The entire degradability time for films is 3-6 days. The surface morphology of the bioplastic film has white spots, is porous, and is less homogeneous.
Keyword: bioplastic, coconut pulp, chitosan, sorbitol

Judul: Manajemen Pemeliharaan Kuda (Equus caballus) Untuk Upacara Kenegaraan Dan Sarana Kesenjataan Di Detasemen Kavaleri Berkuda (DenKavkud) TNI-AD Parongpong
Abstrak: Cavalry Horse Detachement (Denkavkud) Indonesian National Army-Cavalary Parongpong is one of the Indonesian military units that utilize the horse and train it as a means of purpose of formal state ceremony and armed forces. Skills possessed by the horse cavalry was the result of care management and specialized training provided by the trainer. Aspects of care management are breeding, feeding, and management. Horses that are kept in the Denkavkud, Parongpong are stallions, mares, foals, and military horses. Total populations of horses at Denkavkud are 183 horses. Besides commited horse training (remonte), Denkavkud also did breeding program to produce horses that can be trained and used as a military horse. There are some issues contained in Denkavkud, such as some of the nutrients needed by the horses not being met from feed given. One of these is crude protein and lysine. Lactation mares was crude protein and lysine deficiency. The number of death in 2010 is higher than previous years. Based on the number of horses that died from January until June 2010 is 11 horses. The average mortality was caused by colic. Colic is caused by excessive eating, excessive drinking during hot, moldy food, and even by investment roundworms. Animal welfare in Denkavkud can be enhanced by improvement of feed given and improving the health of livestock through improved sanitation.
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