Judul: Pengaruh Pelaksanaan Keputusan Presiden RI No. 32 Tahun 1990 terhadap Produksi Kayu Bulat di Wilayah Kerja Perum Perhutani Propinsi Dati I Jawa Timur
Abstrak: Hutan mempunyai banyak manfaat antara lain produksi kayu dan perlindungan, kedua manfaat tersebut sama pentingnya sehingga sulit menentukan prioritas manfaat yang kadang-kadang bertentangan. Agar hutan dapat dimanfaatkan semaksimal mungkin diperlukan Undang-Undang atau peraturan-peraturan di bidang kehutanan yang harus dilaksanakan.
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Judul: Analisis pola dan kelayakan kemitraan antara Petani Hutan Rakyat dengan PT. Bina Kayu Lestari Group di Tasikmalaya Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Hutan merupakan salah satu kekayaan alam hayati bangsa Indonesia yang menjadi aset berharga dalam mendatangkan devisa bagi negara, sehingga dapat memberi kontribusi yang tinggi dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan nasional secara berkesinambungan. Keadaan hutan alam yang sudah sangat memprihatinkan, membuat hutan alam tersebut tidak dapat terus menerus dieksploitasi. Namun dipihak lain tuntutan pasar akan kebutuhan kayu semakin meningkat setiap tahunnya. Jumlah industri pengolahan kayu pun di dalam negeri baik primer maupun sekunder, yang tercatat saat ini hampir 2.000 unit, yang didominasi oleh industri kayu lapis dan penggergajian. Nilai ekspor barang kayu dan hasil hutan lainnya pada tahun 2009 sebesar U$ 2.340,2 juta atau 15,9% dari seluruh nilai ekspor Indonesia (Depdag, 2010). Dari nilai ekspor tersebut sebesar Rp 1.655.295 juta (6,9%) disumbang dari industri pengolahan kayu skala kecil dan menengah. Sedangkan sisanya sebanyak 93,1% oleh industri skala besar. Industri kayu di Indonesia saat ini banyak mengalami kekurangan bahan baku terutama kayu bundar, karena pasokan bahan baku terutama dari hutan alam terus menurun. Kebutuhan bahan baku berupa kayu pada tahun 2010 sekitar 40 juta m3 (Nurrochmat 2010). Namun berdasarkan surat Keputusan Direktur Jenderal Bina Produksi Kehutanan Nomor SK. 235/IV-BPHA/2009, tentang Penetapan Jatah Produksi Kayu Bulat Nasional Periode Tahun 2010 yang berasal dari hutan alam sebesar 9,1 juta m3. Kesulitan yang dialami industri dalam memenuhi bahan baku menjadi salah satu pemicu maraknya penebangan dan perdagangan kayu secara illegal di Indonesia. Dampak negatif dari kondisi ini antara lain tutupnya perusahaan-perusahaan pengolahan kayu, rusaknya hutan beserta ekosistem di dalamnya dan makin besarnya tekanan dunia internasional terhadap manajemen hutan dan produk hasil hutan dari Indonesia.
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Judul: DNA Extraction and Characterization of Salmonella‟s Lytic Bacteriophage Genome
Abstrak: Bacteriophages are ubiquitous in nature and are known to proliferate wherever their bacterial hosts exist. Their virion particles can exist independently outside the host, however all phages are need their host to propagate. Several phages are highly specific to host cell surface receptors and any slight changes in structure results in little or no interaction between the phage and its host. Salmonella‟s phage isolated from sewage water where their bacteria exist. Three isolated of phages (phages 15, 19 and 38) were used in this research that concentrated using three types of methods. PEG/ NaCl method was firstly used to concentrate the phages based on their molecular weight to precipitate the phage particles during centrifugation. The second method was Scraping Plaque method. In this method, overlay plaques were scraped and collected in SM buffer to get phage concentrates. Enrichment method was the last method used to concentrate the phages. Phage genome isolation was done using two methods i.e. EDTA/SDS and Proteinase K methods. The first method was done using DNase I to eliminate bacterial DNA followed by SDS/EDTA treatment to release phages DNA and phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol to extract the DNA. DNA was collected by isopropanol extraction. While in Proteinase K method, bacterial DNA was eliminated by DNase I and Proteinase K/SDS was used to degrade phages capsids and ethanol for DNA precipitation. The result showed that PEG/NaCl method resulted the highest phage concentration for phage 15 and phage 19, while scrapping method was the highest for phage 38. The quantity and purity of extracted DNA were low for PEG/NaCl and Scraping methods, while Enrichment method was higher indicated higher purity. Run on agarose gel electrophoresis of extracted DNA confirmed that Enrichment method results were the best while scraping and PEG/NaCl method was appeared smear background. Based on DNA genome size determination, the bacteriphages of Salmonella sp were comparable with other study of Salmonella phages. Phage P15 with genome size of 39,5 kb was close to phage epsilon15. Phage P19 with genome size of 41 kb was close to phage ST160. And phage P38 with genome size of 48,5 kb was close to phage Gifsy-1.
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