Judul: Effect of Black Campaign for Palm Oil (CPO) on Indonesian CPO Export Volume to Export Destination Countries
Abstrak: Kelapa sawit merupakan salah satu sub-sektor perkebunan Indonesia yang menjadi komoditas andalan ekspor non migas dengan bentuk produk olahan utamanya yaitu minyak sawit mentah atau Crude Palm Oil (CPO). Pertumbuhan produksi CPO Indonesia meningkat setiap tahunnya. Munculnya black campaign membuat ekspor CPO Indonesia menjadi terhambat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perkembangan volume ekspor CPO Indonesia dan menganalisis pengaruh black campaign CPO terhadap volume ekspor CPO Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi data panel dalam kurun waktu 2000-2019 ke tiga negara tujuan ekspor yaitu Belanda, Spanyol, dan Italia. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan volume ekspor CPO Indonesia berfluktuatif dan cenderung menurun. Kemudian variabel harga ekspor CPO Indonesia ke negara tujuan, harga internasional minyak kedelai, GDP riil per kapita negara importir, nilai tukar riil rupiah dan black campaign berpengaruh signifikan terhadap volume ekspor CPO Indonesia. Sedangkan variabel harga internasional CPO di pasar dunia tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap volume ekspor CPO Indonesia., Palm oil in the form of Crude Palm Oil, is one of Indonesian main export commodities. Indonesian CPO production growth is increasing every year, and yet the emergence of a black campaign has hampered Indonesia's CPO exports. This study aims to analyze the dynamic of Indonesian CPO export volume and analyze the effect of the CPO black campaign on Indonesian CPO export volume. Panel data regression analysis for the period of 2000-2019 to three export destination countries, The Netherlands, Spain, and Italy, shows that the development of Indonesian CPO export volume fluctuates and tends to decline. Then variables of Indonesian CPO export prices to destination countries, soybean oil international prices, real GDP per capita of importing countries, real rupiah exchange rates and black campaigns, have a significant effect on Indonesia's CPO export volume. Meanwhile, the international price of CPO in the world market has no significant effect on the volume of Indonesian CPO exports.
Keyword: Black Campaign, CPO, Export Demand, Fixed Effect Model

Judul: Analisis Daya Saing dan Determinan Ekspor Produk Kelapa Sawit (CPO dan RPO) Indonesia ke Negara Tujuan Utama
Abstrak: Indonesia adalah negara eksportir terbesar kelapa sawit di dunia. Namun, volume ekspor CPO Indonesia cenderung menurun sedangkan volume ekspor RPO meningkat periode 2006-2021.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi daya saing dan determinan ekspor produk kelapa sawit Indonesia CPO (HS 151110) dan RPO (HS 151190) ke negara tujuan utama. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah RCA, EPD, X-Model, dan regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan CPO dan RPO memiliki daya saing yang kuat. Hasil EPD adalah CPO Indonesia memiliki pangsa pasar rising star, lost opportunity, falling star, dan retreat sedangkan RPO rising star pada delapan negara tujuan. Hasil regresi data panel pada CPO menunjukkan bahwa harga ekspor, jarak ekonomi, nilai tukar riil, dan populasi negara tujuan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap volume ekspor CPO Indonesia. Variabel harga ekspor, nilai tukar riil, populasi, dan dummy hilirisasi kelapa sawit memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap volume ekspor RPO Indonesia., Indonesia is the largest exporter of palm oil in the world. However, the volume of Indonesian CPO exports tends to decrease while the volume of RPO exports increases in the 2006-2021 period. The aim of this research is to identify the competitiveness and determinants of exports of Indonesian palm oil products CPO (HS 151110) and RPO (HS 151190) to the main destination countries. The methods used in this research are RCA, EPD, X-Model, and panel data regression. The research results show that CPO and RPO have strong competitiveness. The results of the EPD show that Indonesian CPO has a rising star market share, lost opportunity, falling star and retreat, while RPO is a rising star in eight destination countries. The panel data regression results on CPO show that export prices, economic distance, real exchange rates, and populations of destination countries have a significant effect on Indonesia's CPO export volume. The variables of export prices, real exchange rates, population, and dummy palm oil downstream have a significant influence on the export volume of Indonesian RPO.
Keyword: competitiveness, CPO, export, panel data, RPO

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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