Judul: The quality of transportation infrastructure and institution and their impacts on the Indonesian international trade
Abstrak: The quality of transportation infrastructure and institution are important factors which determine trade performances through their costs, trade volumes and competitiveness. However, Indonesian infrastructure and institution performances tend to decrease. The two factors expected contribute to the low Indonesian trade competitiveness and economy. Although Indonesian trade growth tends to increase, the growth can be different among ASEAN countries. The differences depend on the quality of infrastructure and institution. This study aims to analyze the quality of Indonesian transportation infrastructure and institution and their impacts on the Indonesian trade. Panel using 6 years series and cross section data from 72 countries are used in the research. The fixed effect model is the main model. The results of this study show that the Indonesian quality of transportation infrastructure and institution has influenced the costs of production and trade volume. The quality of the Indonesian ports and the law efficiency are determinant factors of trade. Improvement of the ports quality especially ports capacities, handling efficiencies, delay times and integrated ports management will reduce trade costs and improve trade volumes. Moreover, improvement of law efficiencies or government bureaucracy by simplifying customs rules and institution coordination will reduce trade costs and increase trade volumes. These in turn will improve Indonesian trade competitiveness. Improvement of infrastructure quality particularly ports can be achieved when the increased national budget allocation and the effectiveness of national infrastructure budget through National Budget (APBN), Regional Budget (APBD) and private budgets are well identified. Hence, there will be priority scales on the Indoesian national development.
Keyword: transportation infrastructure and Institutional qualities, trade cost, trade volumes

Judul: Analisis Kualitas Infrastruktur Pelabuhan Terhadap Arus  Perdagangan Bilateral Indonesia di Kawasan ASEAN+6
Abstrak: Total perdagangan Indonesia dengan negara-negara ASEAN+6 mencapai 60 persen dari total perdagangan Indonesia ke dunia. Arus perdagangan Indonesia dari dan ke negara-negara ASEAN+6 didominasi oleh transportasi laut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh kualitas infrastruktur pelabuhan terhadap perdagangan bilateral di negara-negara ASEAN+6 dan mendeskripsikan gambaran umum kualitas infrastruktur pelabuhan di kawasan ASEAN+6. Data yang digunakan dua belas negara anggota ASEAN+6 dari tahun 2014-2019. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitan ini terdiri dari analisis deskriptif dan analisis data panel dengan menggunakan gravity model. Hasil estimasi dan analisis menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh kualitas infrastruktur pelabuhan terhadap perdagangan bilateral di ASEAN+6 berpengaruh positif signifikan oleh variabel-variabel berikut: PDB per kapita ASEAN+6, jarak ekonomi, kualitas infrastruktur pelabuhan Indonesia, kualitas infrastruktur pelabuhan ASEAN+6, perdagangan lintas batas dan arus lalu lintas kontainer pelabuhan. Sementara itu, PDB per kapita Indonesia berpengaruh negatif terhadap perdagangan bilateral., Indonesia's total trade with ASEAN+6 countries reached 60 percent of Indonesia's total trade to the world. Indonesian trade flows from and to the ASEAN+6 countries are predominantly by sea transportation. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect quality of port infrastructure on bilateral trade in the ASEAN+6 countries and describe a general description of quality port infrastructure in ASEAN+6. Data used twelve member countries ASEAN+6 members from 2014-2019. The method used in this research consists of descriptive analysis and panel data analysis using a gravity model. The results of showed that the effect of quality of port infrastructure on bilateral trade in ASEAN+6 is significantly positive influenced by these variables: per capita GDP of ASEAN+6, economic distance, Indonesia’s quality of port infrastructure, quality of port infrastructure ASEAN+6, trading across borders and container port traffic. Meanwhile, Indonesia's per capita GDP has a negative effect on bilateral trade.
Keyword: ASEAN+6, Gravity model, Bilateral Trade, Quality Port Infrastructure

Judul: Delesi Sinyal Sekresi Gen CalBsyn dalam Plasmid pGAPZα-proCalBsyn-egfp melalui Teknik Mutagenesis Terarah.
Abstrak: ProCalBsyn merupakan gen penyandi Candida antartica lipase B yang dibuat secara sintetik dalam plasmid pGAPZα-proCalBsyn-egfp (4839 bp). Sekuen proCalBsyn masih mengandung sinyal sekresi native (ss-CalBsyn), sementara plasmid pGAPZα memiliki sinyal sekresi mating-factor-α.(MFα). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendelesi sinyal sekresi ss-CalBsyn, mengintroduksi situs EcoRI serta transformasi plasmid mutan ke E.coli TOP10F’. Delesi ss-CalB dilakukan dengan teknik mutagenesis terarah melalui proses PCR. Sepasang primer F-mCalB dan R-mCalB serta high-fidelity DNA-polymerase G-Hifi digunakan untuk amplifikasi. Hasil amplifikasi PCR diperoleh plasmid mutan berupa DNA linear berukuran 4780 bp. Setelah direstriksi dengan enzim EcoRI dan ligasi, plasmid mutan ditransformasikan kembali ke E.coli. Transformasi menghasilkan lebih dari 60 koloni transforman. Analisis PCR menunjukkan 3 dari 9 klon hasil isolasi plasmid yang dianalisis terindikasi membawa plasmid mutan yaitu klon 7, 19 dan 20. Ketiga klon tersebut menunjukkan adanya pita gen mCalBsyn (970 bp).
Keyword: mutagenesis terarah, mutasi delesi, sinyal sekresi native CalB, proCalBsyn, plasmid pGAPZα