Judul: Studi kecukupan glukosa, energi dan protein dari kambing tunggal dan kembar pada fase akhir kebuntingan
Abstrak: Perkembangan usaha peternakan perlu dipaou agar masalah kekurangan protein hewani asal ternak akibat laju pertaabahan penduduk yang pesat dapat diatasi. Peningkatan produksi ternak dapat dilakukan melalui penggemukan dan atau meningkatkan jumlah anak yang lahir terutama melalui kebuntingan kembar. Salah satu jenis ternak yang banyak di pelihara petani dan mempunyai kemampuan berkembangbiak yang cepat serta dapat melahirkan anak lebih dari satu setiap kelahiran adalah kambing.
Keyword: 

Judul: Kebutuhan kambing lokal akan energi dan protein
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kebutuhan kambing lokal akan energi dan protein dalam usaha perbaikan makanannya digunakan 27 ekor kambing lokal jantan berumur sekitar 8 sampai 10 bulan dengan bobot hidup awal 11.8 sampai 17.6 kg (rata-rata 14,9 ± 1,87 kg). Kambing percobaan dipelihara secara individual dalam ruang kandang berukuran 0,5 x 1.2 m, berlantai kayu reng dan dinding papan setengah terbuka serta beratap asbes gelombang, di Balai Penelitian Ternak Bogor. Percobaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok berpola faktorial (32). Kambing digolongkan menjadi tiga kelompok menurut bobot hidup awalnya, Faktor yang diteliti terdiri atas energi dan protein dalam ransum, masing-masing tiga taraf, yaitu energi dengan taraf e1: 2.61 ± 0.0251, e2: 2.97 ± 0.063 dan e3: 3.23 ± 0.0755 Mkal DE/kg bahan kering; protein dengan taraf p1: 10.3 ± 0.651, p2: 13.1 ± 0.5 dan p3: 15.3 + 1.25% protein kasar dari bahan kering ransum. Bahan makanan yang digunakan untuk menyusun ransum terdiri atas rumput gajah (Pennisetum purpureum var. Hawaii), dedak padi, jagung giling, bungkil kelapa, onggok, bungkil kacang kedele, urea dan campuran mineral. Pengamatan dilakukan selama delapan minggu termasuk pengukuran komposisi tubuh. Parameter yang diukur terdiri atas konsumsi makanan, koefisien cerna bahan kering, energi dan protein, pertumbuhan, retensi protein dan komposisi tubuh. Data dianalisa menurut rancangan yang dipakai dan untuk mengetahui perbedaan antar ransum percobaan dilakukan uji Duncan.
Keyword: Energy;, Protein;

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
Keyword: