Judul: Analisis Kelayakan Usaha Peternakan Sapi Perah Anggota KUD Mandiri Bayongbong Kabupaten Garut
Abstrak: KUD Mandiri Bayongbong merupakan salah satu koperasi di Kabupaten Garut yang menjalankan usaha peternakan sapi perah. Pada penelitian ini peternak responden dibagi menjadi tiga skala usaha yaitu skala kecil, menengah, dan besar dengan penggunaan modal sendiri dan pinjaman yang dikelompokan menjadi lima jenis usaha. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan investasi usaha peternakan yang dijalankan berdasarkan aspek non finasial, finansial, dan sensitivitas pada kenaikan harga pakan konsentrat dan penurunan produksi susu. Metode deskriptif digunakan untuk menganalisis aspek non finansial, dan aspek finansial menggunakan kriteria kelayakan investasi yaitu NPV, Net B/C, IRR, dan PP, serta analisis switching value. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukan 60 persen usaha peternakan tidak layak yaitu pada jenis usaha I dan IV. Sedangkan 40 persen dinyatakan layak yaitu pada jenis usaha II, III, dan V. Hasil analisis switching value menunjukan penuruan jumlah produksi susu segar lebih sensitif dibandingkan dengan perubahan kenaikan harga konsentrat.
Keyword: Analisis Kelayakan Investasi, KUD Mandiri Bayongbong, Usaha Peternakan Sapi Perah

Judul: Analisis Kelayakan Usaha Peternakan Sapi Perah di Kawasan Usaha Peternakan (Kunak), Kabutpaten Bogor
Abstrak: Peternakan sapi perah di Kawasan usaha peternakan (Kunak) yang dibangun oleh KPS Bogor dihadapkan pada berbagai macam kendala seperti rendahnya harga jual susu yang ditetapkan Industri Pengolahan Susu (IPS) dan produksi yang fluktuatif. Hal tersebut dapat berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan peternak dan kelangsungan usaha di Kunak. Metode kualitatif digunakan untuk menganalisis aspek non finansial dan metode kuantitatif digunakan untuk menganalisis kriteria investasi. Seluruh aspek non finansial menunjukkan bahwa investasi peternak sapi perah Kunak di setiap pilihan layak dijalanakan. Analisis finansial pada peternak yang memiliki enam ekor sapi dan satu unit kandang menghasilkan NPV sebesar Rp 72.1 juta, Net B/C sebesar 1.53, IRR sebesar 24 persen dan PP selama 6.28 tahun.Analisis finansial pada peternak yang memiliki 12 ekor sapi dan satu unit kandang menghasilkan NPV sebesar Rp 217.4 juta, Net B/C sebesar 2.00, IRR sebesar 34 persen dan PP selama 4.66 tahun. Analisis finansial peternak yang memiliki 16 ekor sapi dan dua unit kandang menghasilkan NPV sebesar Rp 60.2 juta, Net B/C sebesar 1,17, IRR sebesar 15 persen dan PP selama 9.63 tahun.Hasil analisis finalsial pada semua pilihan usaha ternak layak dijalankan. Hasil analisis switching value pada semua pilihan usaha ternak sensitif terhadap perubahan produksi susu sapi atau harga susu per liter.
Keyword: studi kelayakan, analisis finansial, peternakan sapi perah Kunak

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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