Judul: Rancang Bangun Sistem Pemanenan Air Hujan Skala Rumah Tangga
Abstrak: Konservasi sumber daya air dapat dilakukan dengan pemanenan air hujan. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang bangun sistem pemanenan air hujan, merancang sistem filtrasi air hujan untuk menghasilkan air bersih, dan melakukan uji kinerja rancang bangun sistem pemanenan air hujan. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Februari-Mei 2022. Pengolahan data dilakukan menggunakan data curah hujan 15 tahun terakhir (tahun 2007-2021) yang diperoleh dari Stasiun Klimatologi BMKG Kota Bogor. Hasil rancang bangun sistem pemanenan air hujan dari atap seluas 45,25 m2 terdiri dari talang, saringan, first flush diverter, penampung sedimen, rainwaterfill, bak penampungan air hujan, saluran overflow, dan tandon. Ketersediaan air hujan diperoleh sebesar 277,91 liter/hari dan dapat memenuhi kebutuhan air dua orang. Sistem filtrasi dirancang dan dibangun dengan susunan media filter dari inlet ke outlet ialah kerikil besar, kerikil kecil, spon dan ijuk, karbon aktif, spon dan ijuk, pasir zeolit, pasir silika, dan spon dan kapas secara berurutan. Kualitas air hujan hasil filtrasi memenuhi standar baku mutu yang berlaku untuk keperluan higiene sanitasi. Penggunaan sistem pemanenan air hujan dapat menghemat biaya pengeluaran air PDAM sebesar Rp698.791 per tahun. Tandon yang digunakan berkapasitas 2100 liter dan dapat memenuhi kebutuhan air dalam rumah tangga selama 4 hari.
Keyword: air hujan, filtrasi, kualitas air, rancang bangun

Judul: Perancangan Pemanenan Air Hujan Dengan Konsep Roof Catchment di Gedung Mandiri Innopreneurship Center IPB University
Abstrak: Bogor merupakan salah satu kota di Indonesia yang terkenal dengan curah hujan yang sangat tinggi sepanjang tahunnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui volume air hujan yang dapat dipanen, menghasilkan rancangan sistem pemanenan air hujan, menghasilkan rancangan anggaran biaya konstruksi dan menganalisis nilai efektivitas dan efisiensi penghematan sistem PAH. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret-Mei 2024 yang berlokasi di Gedung Mandiri Innopreneurship Center IPB University. Data curah hujan menggunakan data curah hujan 24 tahun terakhir (tahun 2000-2023) yang diperoleh dari stasiun BMKG Jawa Barat. Potensi volume air hujan yang dapat di panen dengan konsep roof catchment sebesar 892,4 m3/tahun. Hasil perancangan sistem pemanenan air hujan terdiri dari saringan, first flush diverter, tangki FRP, talang air dan perpipaan. Dimensi talang yang digunakan berukuran 200 mm dengan kemiringan 2%. sedangkan, dimensi pipa tegak dan pipa datar menggunakan ukuran 100 mm dengan kemiringan pipa datar sebesar 4%. Kapasitas tangki FRP yang digunakan sebesar 28.000 liter. Rancangan Anggaran Biaya (RAB) konstruksi yang diperlukan untuk perancangan sistem pemanenan air hujan sebesar Rp 105.374.000,00. Efektivitas sistem PAH mencapai 80%. Sistem pemanenan air hujan yang direncanakan dapat mereduksi biaya sebesar 21% atau Rp 1.704.169,00 per tahun Kata Kunci: curah hujan, pemanenan air hujan, tangki frp, Bogor is a city in Indonesia which is famous for its very high rainfall throughout the year. This research aims to determine the volume of rainwater that can be harvested, produce a rainwater harvesting system design, produce a construction cost budget and analyze the effectiveness and efficiency of PAH system savings. The research was in March-May 2024 at the Mandiri Innopreneurship Center IPB University Building. Rainfall data uses rainfall data for the last 24 years (2000-2023) obtained from the West Java BMKG station. Potential volume of rainwater is 892,4 m3/year. The results of the design of the rainwater harvesting system consist of a filter, first flush diverter, FRP tank, gutters and piping. Dimensions of the gutter used are 200 mm with a slope of 2%. Dimensions of the standpipe and flat pipe are 100 mm with a flat pipe slope of 4%. The capacity of the FRP tank used is 28.000 liters. The draft construction (RAB) required for designing a rainwater harvesting system is IDR 105.374.000,00. The effectiveness of the PAH system reaches 80%. The planned rainwater harvesting system can reduce costs by 21% or IDR 1.704.169,00 per year. Keywords: rainfall, rainwater harvesting, FRP tank
Keyword: Rainfall, Rainwater harvesting, FRP tank

Judul: Phylogeography and Species Limits in the Papuan White Snake (Micropechis ikaheka) (Reptilia: Serpentes: Elapidae)
Abstrak: Papua white snake, Micropechis ikaheka, has been distingushed into two subspecies M.i. ikaheka and M.i. fasciatus. However, due to lack of data on their morphology, distribution and ecology, both subspecies often ignored in scintific discussions and refers only byas , Micropechis ikaheka. This study was designed to document the differences between M.i. ikaheka and M.i fasciatus by using scales characteristics and reproductive organ or hemipenes. The study also examine, zoogeography, habitat, diet and cannibalism of both subspecies to better understanding the the ecology of one of the most venomous snakes in the world. This study consists of three topics with method and also different in the size samples, respectively. The first study is the histology and microtopography of the skin were studied using paraffin method and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The second is the hemipenis were examined by following Myers and Cadle (2003), and Zaher and Prudente (2003). The third is the abdominal surgery was carried out to document diet type and the investigate phenomenon of cannibalism in the snake. Specimens for this study came from the collection from Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB) and Universitas Negeri Papua’s Laboratory (LZU). The research result also indicated that the markers of skin and hemipenis described the same structure and microornamentation in all M. ikaheka groups being compared. Based specimens examined morphological descriptions do not s support the further differentiation in Micropechis. In short, two markers that used in this study could not sufficiently indicate the differences in the level of species and subspecies of M. ikaheka. The study, however, were able to delineate zoogeography and skin color patterns, which fall into four groups: M. i. ikaheka; M. i. fasciatus. M. i. ssp. “intermediate”; and M. i. ssp “black”. This study also revealed that color variations did not overlap in their geographic distribution. It is therefore, it suggested that environmental factors may contribute to the skin color variations. It also assumed that habitat discontinuous and biogeography factors may also cause the loss of the connection between the original populations (vicarians) or follow colonization events (dispersal). The examined of 22 stomach contents of M. ikaheka shows this species is carnivorous, and prey on vertebrates such as amphibians, fish, reptiles, and Mammals. These snakes are opportunistic predators since they prey on all that can be captured, but mainly reptiles (61.5%), followed by mammals and fish (both 15.4%), and amphibians (7.7%). Although categorized as terrestrial animal, the diet study showed that M. ikaheka snakes often go into the water to hunt for fish (the sample from Yapen island), including eel (the sample from Aru island). Based on prey items indentified, there is evidence that M. ikaheka is cannibal. At this time, there still no record on reason for cannibalism, but it is assumed that cannibalism was due to competition between populations and means to control population.
Keyword: geographic variation, white snake, papua