Judul: Pemetaan Provinsi di Indonesia Berdasarkan Peubah-Peubah Pendidikan
Abstrak: This paper provides a general overview about education in Indonesia and mapping of the provinces. The analysis is based on some educational variables, i.e. rough participation rate, pure participation rate, school participation, illiteracy rate, repetition rate, drop-outs rate and the average school duration. Provincial mapping is conducted by biplot analysis, which gives the following results. Based on the proximity among province and the interrelationship of province with educational variables, the provinces can be grouped into seven groups for elementary school, six groups for junior high school, and six groups for senior high school. The province of Papua has the highest illiteracy rate at all education levels being considered, i.e. elementary, junior, as well as senior high schools. On the other hand, the provinces of West Sumatra and West Papua have relatively high repetition rate. Moreover, the provinces of Jambi and Central Sulawesi have average values on all variables. This provincial mapping is expected to provide input in identifying the advantages and disadvantages of each province in order to improve the quality of national educational.
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Judul: Pemetaan Provinsi di Indonesia Berdasarkan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto Menggunakan Analisis Biplot
Abstrak: Government has a responsibility for maintaining welfare development of its people. One of the indicators that can be used to measure human development is the human development index (HDI). This index was created based on three dimensions, i.e. dimension of life expectancy, knowledge and standard of decent living. This paper provides an overview of mapping the provinces based on independent sectors of business field. The provincial mapping is done using biplot analysis. Biplot analysis presents a low-dimensional graphical display, which describes relationship between high-dimensional variables and objects. Provincial mapping can be used to obtain an overview of development between provinces. The result of biplot analysis is able to explain 85.22% information contained in the data, which is called its goodness of fit. Based on the biplot visualization, five groups of provinces are obtained. In the first group, Jakarta has a value above average on the financial sector. On the second and third groups, the agricultural sector contributes significantly to gross regional domestic product. Meanwhile, in the fourth group, Riau and East Kalimantan are the biggest contributor to the trade sector. Finally, in the fifth group, all of the provinces have gross regional domestic product value below the average in all sectors.
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Judul: Pengaruh Penambahan Bio Adenosin Tri Phosphat terhadap Profil Kinetik dan Efektivitas Enrofloksasin dalam Mengatasi Coxiella burnetii
Abstrak: Coxiella burnetii belongs to rickettsia group living obligate intracellularly and as the agent of zoonosis Q fever. Enrofloxacine is an antibiotic in quinolon group used to treat infection of C. burnetii in chicken, goat, calve, pig, dog, cat, and horse. From ruminant practical experience, enrofloxacine if be combined with BioATP can enhance the enrofloxacine activity. Research for the effectivity of enrofloxacine and BioATP to treat C. burnetii has never been carried out. Enrofloxacine pharmacokinetic study was carried out by using simental beef as an experimental animals. The effectivity of BioATP supplementation on enrofloxacine activity to treat C. burnetii was tested by using Vero cell tissue culture. The results showed that combination of enrofloxacine and BioATP increased kinetic profile of enrofloxacine in term of onset, duration, pharmacology intensity, and bioavailaibility. Enrofloxacine had activity to treat C. burnetii with value of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) at 1-2 ppm and value of minimal bactericidal concentration at 4 ppm. Supplementation of BioATP improved the effectivity of enrofloxacine in treating C. burnetii.
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