Judul: Successful Hatching of Hawksbill Turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) Eggs in Semi-Natural Nests on Harapan Island, Thousand Islands
Abstrak: Penyu sisik (Eretmochelys imbricata) merupakan jenis penyu yang tersebar di wilayah Indonesia, salah satunya di Kepulauan Seribu. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis teknik penetasan telur penyu sisik yang dapat mempersingkat masa inkubasi dan meningkatkan keberhasilan penetasan telur penyu sisik di kawasan konservasi penyu Pulau Harapan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga perlakuan, yaitu ember tanam dalam pasir, ember di permukaan pasir, dan pasir tanpa ember. Parameter yang diukur adalah suhu, kelembaban, substrat sarang, masa inkubasi, dan Jumlah telur yang menetas dan gagal menetas. Hasil menunjukkan suhu rata-rata di semua perlakuan memiliki rentang nilai 30,12 - 30,98℃. Kelembaban rata-rata pada rentang nilai 84,67 - 86,38%. Rata-rata masa inkubasi paling rendah terjadi pada perlakuan ember tanam dalam pasir yaitu selama 48 hari. Keberhasilan penetasan telur tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan ember tanam dalam pasir, yaitu 70%. persentase keberhasilan penetasan cenderung lebih tinggi dengan masa inkubasi paling singkat pada teknik dengan ember ditanam dalam pasir. Namun demikian, perlakuan teknik penetasan memiliki pengaruh yang tidak signifikan terhadap lama masa inkubasi dan keberhasilan penetasan telur penyu sisik., Hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) is a type of sea turtle that is spread across Indonesia coral reef, one of the area is the Thousand Islands. This study aims to analyze hawksbill turtle egg hatching techniques that can shorten the incubation period and increase the hatching success of hawksbill turtle eggs in the Harapan Island turtle conservation area. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with three treatments. Parameters measured were temperature, humidity, nest substrate, incubation period, and number of eggs hatched and failed to hatch. The results showed that the average temperature in all treatments had a value range of 30.12 - 30.98℃. Average humidity in the value range of 84.67 - 86.38%. The lowest average incubation period occurred in the treatment of planting buckets in sand, which was 48 days. The highest egg hatching success was found in the treatment of planting buckets in sand, which was 70%. The percentage of hatching success tends to be higher with the shortest incubation period in the technique with buckets planted in sand. However, the treatment of hatching techniques had a non-significant effect on the length of the incubation period and the hatching success of hawksbill turtle eggs. However, the hatching technique treatment had a non-significant effect on the length of the incubation period and the success of hatching hawksbill turtle eggs.
Keyword: hatching success, incubation period, hawksbill turtle

Judul: Management of Hawksbill Turtle Egg Hatching, Rearing, and Welfare in Karimunjawa National Park
Abstrak: Taman Nasional Karimunjawa (TNKJ) merupakan kawasan konservasi yang menjadi tempat penyebaran dan peneluran penyu. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis manajemen penetasan telur dan tingkat keberhasilan penetasan telur, pemeliharaan penyu sisik dan menilai tingkat kesejahteraan tukik penyu sisik, serta menilai tingkat keberhasilan manajemen pelestarian penyu sisik dilihat dari aspek teknis pengelolaannya di Penetasan Semi Alami TNKJ. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode observasi lapang, wawancara, dan studi literatur. Persentase keberhasilan penetasan telur memiliki rata-rata 47,4 % dan dilakukan uji SPSS dengan taraf kepercayaan 95 % menunjukkan hasil persentase keberhasilan telur di musim hujan dan kemarau tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan. Kesejahteraan satwa di Penetasan Semi Alami TNKJ memiliki nilai sebesar 56,5% dengan kategori butuh pembinaan. Tingkat keberhasilan manajemen pemeliharaan penyu sisik di Penetasan Semi Alami TNKJ memiliki nilai 73,75 % dengan kategori B. Tingkat kegagalan penetasan telur yang berada di Penetasan Semi Alami TNKJ memiliki skor empat dikarenakan tingkat kematian sebesar >40 %. Dibutuhkan perbaikan dalam pengelolaan agar meningkatkan proses pemeliharaan., Karimunjawa National Park (TNKJ) is a conservation area where turtles spread and nest. The research aims to analyze egg hatching management and the success rate of hatching eggs, rearing hawksbill turtles and assessing the welfare level of hawksbill turtle hatchlings, as well as assessing the success level of hawksbill turtle conservation management seen from the technical aspects of management at the TNKJ Semi-Natural Hatchery. This research was conducted using field observation, interviews and literature study methods. The percentage of egg hatching success averaged 47.4% and the SPSS test was carried out with a confidence level of 95% showing that there was no significant difference in the percentage of egg success in the rainy and dry seasons. Animal welfare at the TNKJ Semi-Natural Hatchery has a score of 56.5% in the need for guidance category. The success rate of hawksbill rearing management at the TNKJ Semi-Natural Hatchery has a score of 73.75% with category B. The failure rate for egg hatching at the TNKJ Semi-Natural Hatchery has a score of four due to the mortality rate of >40%. Improvements are needed in management to improve the maintenance process.
Keyword: tingkat keberhasilan manajemen, tingkat kesejahteraan, penetasan telur, penyu sisik

Judul: Model Input-output dalam Masalah Network Flow
Abstrak: Production process is a process, which is done by industry, to transform input into output. According to the type of output and its activity, industry can be classified into various sectors, which are connected to each other. Therefore, a model to analyze the connection among sections is needed. The model is known as input-output model (IO model). IO model presents an IO table, which shows informations about the transaction between goods and services in each economic sector. Furthermore, the IO model also shows that the amount of all input is the same as the amount of all output. In this paper, the transaction of each economic sector in IO table is analyzed using network flow theory. The formulated network flow problem implies that each sector represents partly as a producer and also as a consumer. This paper also solves a minimum cost circulation problem.
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