Judul: The Impact of Education Budget on Poverty Rate in North Sumatera
Abstrak: Sumatera Utara merupakan salah satu provinsi di Indonesia yang memiliki persentase penduduk miskin di bawah nasional. Akan tetapi pada provinsi ini masih terdapat disparitas antar wilayah yang ditandai dengan tingginya tingkat kemiskinan di beberapa kabupaten/kota. Untuk menanggulangi hal tersebut pemerintah mengalokasikan sebagian pengeluaran belanja pembangunan pada bidang pendidikan sebagai bentuk investasi terhadap sumberdaya manusia. Akan tetepi, besarnya proporsi pada anggaran pendidikan tidak selalu mengimplikasikan kondisi kemiskinan yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak anggaran pendidikan terhadap tingkat kemiskinan di Provinsi Sumatera Utara periode tahun 2015 sampai 2019. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel mengunakan software Ms. Excel dan Eviews 10 dengan data 33 kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Hasil estimasi yang didapat menunjukkan bahwa anggaran pendidikan memiliki pengaruh yang negatif dan signifikan terhadap tingkat kemiskinan. Sementara faktor lain yang mempengaruhi tingkat kemiskinan ini adalah Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) dan Upah Minimum Kabupaten/Kota (UMK)., North Sumatera is one of the provinces in Indonesia which has a percentage of poor people below the national level. However, in this province there are still disparities between regions which are marked by high levels of poverty in several districts/cities. To overcome this, the government allocates a portion of development spending on education as a form of investment in human resources. However, a large proportion of the education budget does not necessarily imply better poverty conditions. This study aims to analyze the impact of the education budget on poverty levels in North Sumatra in period 2015 to 2019. The analytical method used is panel data regression using Ms. Excel and Eviews 10 with data on 33 districts/cities in North Sumatra. The estimation results obtained indicate that the education budget has a negative and significant effect on poverty rate. Meanwhile, other factors that influence the poverty rate in North Sumatra are the Human Development Index (HDI) and the Regency/City Minimum Wage.
Keyword: education budget, FEM, north sumatera, panel data, poverty

Judul: Poverty Problems and Recommendations for Countermeasure Policies in South Sumatra
Abstrak: Pertumbuhan ekonomi Sumatera Selatan mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya, artinya perekonomiannya terus mengalami perkembangan, nilai tambah yang dihasilkan dari sektor-sektor yang ada di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan terus meningkat. Namun, persentase penduduk miskin di Sumatera Selatan merupakan yang tertinggi ke-3 di Pulau Sumatera dan berada diurutan ke-10 di tingkat nasional. Meningkatnya pertumbuhan ekonomi Sumsel seharusnya diikuti pula dengan penurunan kemiskinan masyarakatnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mengapa kemiskinan di Sumsel tidak mengalami penurunan yang signifikan sedangkan pertumbuhan ekonominya mengalami peningkatan tiap tahunnya serta faktor-faktor apa saja yang menyebabkan kemiskinan di Sumatera Selatan. Data yang digunakan merupakan data panel 17 Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan tahun 2015- 2019. Menggunakan metode analisis kualitatif deskriptif dan kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kepadatan penduduk dan TPT berpengaruh positif signifikan, sedangkan pertumbuhan ekonomi, IPM, dan PAD berpengaruh negatif signifikan, sedangkan infrastruktur jalan dan listrik tidak berpengaruh terhadap kemiskinan di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan, South Sumatra's economic growth has increased every year, meaning that the economy continues to develop, the added value generated from sectors in South Sumatra continues to increase. However, the percentage of poor people in South Sumatra is the 3rd highest on the island of Sumatra and ranks 10th at the national level. The increasing rate of GRDP growth in South Sumatra should also be followed by a decrease in the poverty of its people. This study aims to find out why poverty in South Sumatra has not decreased significantly while its economic growth has increased every year and what factors cause poverty in South Sumatra. The data used is panel data of 17 regencies/cities in South Sumatra in 2015-2019. Using descriptive qualitative and quantitative analysis methods with regression analysis. The results showed that population density and open unemployment had a significant positive effect, while economic growth, HDI, and local revenue had a significant negative effect, while road infrastructure and electricity had no effect on poverty in South Sumatra.
Keyword: Fixed Effect Model (FEM), Panel Data, Poverty, South Sumatra

Judul: Sintesis Flavonol melalui 2’-Hidroksikalkon
Abstrak: Flavonol is a class of flavonoids commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Flavonol is very useful, especially in food sector and health. In this study, flavonol unsubstituted was successfully synthesized from an intermediate material 2’-hydroxychalcone. The 2’-hydroxychalcone was synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation method between o-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde using 4 different catalysts, namely KOH 60%, solid pellet of KOH-grinding technique, BF3-Et2O, and NaH in DMF. The KOH 60% was the best catalyst, giving the highest yield (57%). Afterward, the flavonol was synthesized in 1-stage oxidation cyclization of o-hydroxyacetophenone using Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction, giving 76%. The flavonol total yield from 2’-hydroxychalcone was 43%. All synthesized products were characterized by their melting points and their spectra. The success of the synthesis flavonol opens the way to synthesis of useful flavonol derivatives such as quercetin and kaempferol.
Keyword: