Judul: The design of empowerment of rural communities in agroindustry cluster of essential oils (case study: patchouli oil)
Abstrak: Patchouli oil is an essential oil commodity in Indonesia. A research on design of empowerment on rural communities in agroindustry cluster of essential oils has been conducted using system approach which aim was to establish its Decision Support System (DSS). The research produced DSS model of comprehensive essential oil agroindustry from farming and small refinement industry that harmoniously accommodate the needs of stakeholders and should be effectively used by the decision makers facing dynamic changes and information updating. Analytical tools such as cost analysis, Fibonacci technique, OPTSYS programme, IPMS (Integrated Performance Measurement System), FGD (Focus Group Discussion), AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process), pairwise comparison and ISM (Interpretive Modelling System) were applied. The DSS software called PAP-Klaster that consist of several modules, namely the feasibility analysis of farming and post harvesting with a result of being feasible (Farming IRR= 14.6%, B/C ratio= 1.35; Small refinement industry IRR= 47.99%, B/C ratio= 1.69), selling price equilibrium of patchouli and patchouli oil which provide a proportionate profit margin (selling price equilibrium of patchouli: Rp 1 483/kg, selling price equilibrium of patchouli oil: Rp 396 770/kg ), performance measurement of farming and post harvesting in agroindustry cluster system resulting to the identification of 16 Key Performance Indicator (KPI) from 56 Performance Indicator (PI). Conceptual model of agroindustry cluster of essential oils that end result could arrange institutional engineering and found key elements such as sector of society, needs, constraints, goals, possible changes, benchmarks, activities needed for action planning and institution involved. Institutional engineering resulting Jejaring Usaha PAP-Klaster and Forum Lintas Pelaku Klaster Agroindustri Minyak Atsiri. This model was verified through case study on patchouli oil agroindustry in Kuningan and Brebes regency. Empowerment of rural communities in essential oil agroindustry not only improves the welfare of agroindustry entrepreneurs but also will improve the welfare of patchouli plant growers.
Keyword: rural communities, patchouli oil, selling price equilibrium, institutional engineering, Rural Communities, Agroindustry Cluster, Essential Oils

Judul: System modelling for development of essential oil agro industry using cluster approach
Abstrak: Agroindustrial clustering of essential oil is a development strategy through grouping industries or institutions, which has vertical and horizontal relationship, complementarities and commonalities in increasing the competitiveness of essential oil agroindustry. The formulation of its trategic planning is complex because stakeholders and institutions involved in this industry have their own preferences and resources. Therefore, system approach is needed to make it effective and comprehensive.
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Judul: Karakteristik Anatomi Skelet Kepala Buaya senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii).
Abstrak: Buaya sepit atau senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii) merupakan jenis buaya asli Indonesia yang berhabitat di sungai-sungai Sumatera, Kalimantan, dan juga pedalaman Sulawesi. Salah satu ciri khas buaya senyulong adalah bentuk moncong yang runcing dan sempit, namun hingga saat ini informasi mengenai struktur skelet kepala buaya senyulong sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik anatomi skelet kepala buaya senyulong yang dikatikan dengan fungsi dan perilakunya. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksploratif dengan melakukan pengamatan, pencatatan, dan pengambilan gambar dari skelet kepala buaya senyulong. Skelet kepala berukuran panjang 70 cm, lebar 29 cm, dan tingggi 17 cm dengan permukaan kasar pada os nasale, os frontale, os maxilla, os mandibula, os lacrimale, os jugale. Jumlah gigi pada buaya ini sebanyak 78 buah, terdiri dari 4 buah gigi premaxila, 16 buah gigi maxila, dan 19 buah gigi mandibula. Pada regio orbitalis ditemukan dua pasang fenestrae temporales yang berkembang baik. Fenestra supratemporale merupakan lubang oval yang membentang di sepanjang os parietale. Fenestra infratemporale berbentuk segitiga dan dibatasi oleh os squamosum, os postorbitale, os jugulare, dan os quadratum. Os mandibula hewan ini mempunyai symphysis mandibularis yang panjang yaitu garis yang melintang di corpus mandibulae. Secara fungsional ukuran symphysis mandibularis berkaitan dengan adaptasi hewan terhadap diet makan.
Keyword: kepala, moncong, Tomistoma schlegelii