Judul: FLOCK PERFORMANCE OF FOUR STRAINS OF BROILER GRAND PARENT STOCK IN INDONESIA
Abstrak: Indonesia annually imports broiler breeds classified as Grand Parent Stock (GPS) to meet the needs of the parent stock and produce broiler (Final Stock). The import of GPS since 1970 until now has not been fully researched to find out the performance of GPS maintenance results from breeding farm companies. The maintenance performance of imported GPS needs to be studied and evaluated carefully to describe the progress and productivity achievements of the breeding farm of all strains in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the performance of four strain broiler Grand Parent Stock (GPS) rearing flocks in Indonesia compared to the production (laying) period for young, medium, and old flock groups, which currently has never been conducted with similar studies. The research material used secondary data from the Directorate General of Livestock and Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture, in the form of recordings of GPS maintenance of purebred chickens in Indonesia, including four types of strains, namely S1.1 strain, S1.2 strain, S1.3 strain and S1.4 strain spread across various farm units and flock. The total number of flocks studied was 94 flocks from 12 breeding farm companies. The analytical method used is one way ANOVA analysis to compare strains as a variable performance factor covering three GPS strains having one type of fast hair growth in common, namely Fast Feathering (FF), namely strains S1.1, S1.2 and S1.4. One way ANOVA analysis was also carried out to compare the performance of the S.1.3 strain which has a Slow Feathering (SF) type of hair growth in terms of four provincial locations. The variables studied included Hen Day Production (HDP), primary product, egg weight and hatching weight. The results for the S1.3 strain in terms of locations in four different provinces showed an average hen day production in the young age group of 78.98 ± 4.69%. the medium group was 63.95 ± 4.02% and the old group was 43.70 ± 2.59%. The average performance of the primary product strain S1.3 in the young group was 15.35 ± 1.47, in the medium group it was 39.34 ± 3.69 and in the old group it was 58.77 ± 2.78. The performance of the hatching egg weight of strain S1.3 in the young group was an average of 58.59 ± 1.33 g, in the medium group it was 64.95 ± 1.78 g and in the old group it was 67.43 ± 1.67 g. The average hatching weight performance of strain S1.3 in the young group was 38.26 ± 0.87 g, in the medium group it was 42.06 ± 1.29 g and in the old group it was 42.43 ± 1.16 g. The results of the one way ANOVA test showed that all variables did not show differences in performance at the four provincial locations. Comparison of performance between strains showed that the average HDP was significantly different and the highest HDP was strain S1.1 in the young age group with an average of 78.05 ± 4.88%, in the medium age group with an average of 51.55 ± 3.27% and in the middle age group with an average of
Keyword: performa flock, strain grand parent stock

Judul: PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF D- LINE THREE STRAINS GRAND PARENT STOCK OF BROILER CHICKEN IN INDONESIA
Abstrak: Grand Parent Stock (GPS) ayam ras pedaging merupakan ayam ras hasil impor yang memiliki produktivitas cukup tinggi dan setiap tahun diimpor oleh pelaku usaha pembibit di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja produksi induk jalur female line female (Dline) pada tiga strain GPS ayam ras pedaging yaitu S4, S3, dan S2. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder tahun 2017-2021 sebanyak 70 flock dengan rincian strain S4 19 flock, strain S3 30 flock, dan strain S2 21 flock. Data tersebut merupakan hasil audit performa produksi pelaku usaha pembibit GPS ayam ras pedaging yang tersebar di beberapa wilayah Indonesia dengan pemeliharaan pada closed house saat periode laying umur 25–65 minggu. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membandingkan performa antar strain (S4, S3, dan S2), membandingkan antara data aktual dengan standar praktisnya (principal standard), membandingkan strain S4 pada faktor perbedaan lingkungan pemeliharaan, serta membandingkan performa strain S3 dan S2 pada faktor perbedaan perusahaan pembibit. Parameter yang diukur yaitu; daya hidup masa laying, produksi telur per hen house, puncak produksi per hen house, produksi telur tetas (HE/hatching egg) per hen house, fertilitas, daya tetas, dan saleable chick per hen house. Data parameter dianalisis secara deskriptif serta analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA) meliputi performa antar strain, performa perusahaan pembibit pada perbedaan lokasi, dan performa produksi pada perusahaan pembibit yang berbeda. Sedangkan performa tiap strain terhadap standar praktis/standar principal dianalisis secara deskriptif dan uji t. Ketiga strain memiliki karakteristik dan keunggulan terhadap masing-masing sifat produksinya. Keunggulan performa produksi setiap strain berbeda-beda yang mengacu pada standar praktis (standard principal). Berdasarkan standarnya masing-masing, strain S4 memiliki performa terbaik atau sama dengan standarnya pada sifat daya hidup, produksi telur, produksi HE, dan fertilitas. Strain S3 memiliki performa terbaik pada fertilitas dan daya tetas. Strain S2 memiliki performa yang sama atau stabil dengan standarnya pada sifat fertilitas dan daya tetas. Faktor perbedaan perusahaan pembibit memengaruhi performa strain S3 dan S2, sementara strain S4 tetap stabil pada lokasi pmeliharaan yang berbeda-beda. Hasil penelitian terhadap performa produksi antar strain (3 strain) menunjukkan perbedaan yang sangat nyata (P<0,01) pada masing-masing strain. Tiap strain memiliki karakteristik masing-masing dan keunggulan yang berbeda antar ketiganya sehingga berbagai keunggulan dari ketiga strain tersebut dapat dikembangkan di Indonesia. Terdapat perbedaan yang nyata (P<0,05) serta sangat nyata (P<0,01) pada hasil uji performa produksi tiap strain terhadap standar principalnya, hal ini menujukkan bahwa tiap strain berbeda karateristik antara nilai aktualnya pada masing-masing standar yang diterapkan pada saat pemeliharaan di Indoensia. Standar praktis/principal merupakan acuan yang diharapkan tercapai oleh para pelaku usaha, dan ternyata berdasarkan hasil nilai aktual rata-rata pemeliharaan di Indonesia masih cukup baik. Terdapat perbedaan yang nyata (P<0,05) pada performa produksi terhadap pengaruh perusahaan pembibit yang berbeda, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan pembibit yang menjalankan usaha tentu berbeda-beda antara satu dengan yang lainnya, membawa merk dagang masing-masing serta tidaklah sama dalam segala hal khususnya sumber daya manusia yang menjalankan usaha tersebut dengan berbagai latar belakang skil yang berbeda. Tidak adanya pengaruh yang nyata pada strain S4 terhadap beda lokasi pemeliharaan, hal ini sesuai dengan yang diharapkan oleh pelaku usaha dalam hal manajemen sumber daya manusia yang sama sehingga hasilnya sama walaupun adanya perbedaan lokasi
Keyword: DOC Grand Parent Stock, D-line, performance, saleable chick, strain

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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