Judul: Proses Pengolahan Tahu Sutera Instan (Silken Tofu)
Abstrak: Silken Tofu is product one of processed soybean. Althought named tofu, but different with tofu usual, because silken tofu have texture that gantle and soft. Siken tofu is product of gel protein soybean that has nice taste, soft texture, relatively inexpensive of price, easy to disgeted and has contents hight protein. Common problems which containt the tofu is shelf life of tofu short time. This problems because of hight wate content that specifically for shape into crude until usually has found case of used formalin to shelf life of tofu that done by producers. Production tofu in dry method with using powder silken tofu instant expected solution from this problems. Making tofu dry method using soy protein that has been dried by spray drying, so adjust to make tofu with they needs. Siken fofu instant based yield of analysis, water content, protein content and colour rendition obtained soybeans and water ratio with is anable to produce the best soy flour protein is 1 : 5. Results of the analysis water content and protein content with the best coagulant use apple vinergar 12% and calcium chloride (CaCl2) 2%. Value water content and protein content of silken tofu instant coagulant with aple vinegar 12% of has value 76.63%, and 45.58%, while coagulant with calcium chloride has value 74.89%, dan 38.23%.
Keyword: processing silken tofu instant., silken tofu

Judul: Formulasi serbuk tahu sutera instan menggunakan metode respon permukaan (response surface methodology)
Abstrak: Tofu is one of the popular food product in Asia. Tofu is a gel of soy protein that has a delicious taste, soft texture, cheap in price, easily digestible and has high protein content. Tofu is a product that has a short shelf life due to its high water content, especially in the raw form so there are frequently encountered cases of formalin using to extend the shelf life of tofu. Production of tofu by using silken tofu powder (premix) is expected to be the solution of this problem. The aim of this study is to find the best formula of silken tofu powder and optimize the process (coagulation time and temperature) using response surface methodology. Result of the first stage in this study showed the selected main raw material was soy milk powder, the ratio of silken tofu powder and water was 1:2, the range of GDL was 1- 1,5%, the range of STPP was 0,05% - 0,15%, the range of Na2HPO4 and NaH2PO4 was 0,125% - 0,175%, the range of coagulation time was 30-50 minutes and the range of coagulation temperature was 70-90oC. The response surface methodology performed in the second stage of this study. It shows that the selected formula for silken tofu powder is GDL 1 %, STPP 0,06%, and Na2HPO4 and NaH2PO4 0,125% and for coagulation time and temperature are 49 minutes and 89oC. Measured texture response of silken tofu made from the chosen formula and the optimum coagulation time and temperature is 149.3 gf.
Keyword: 

Judul: Prevalence of Bird Lice on Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) in 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia
Abstrak: Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) have coexisted with humans for thousands of years and are used for various purposes such as food and in sports. Rock pigeons may have the potential to be infested with a wide range of ectoparasites, which can have a significant impact on their life cycle. This study aims to measure the prevalence of Columba livia with bird lice in 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia in the year 2020 and to ascertain the impact of bird lice on the health of these infested birds. Data were collected from clinical records for the month of January to December in the year 2020 from 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia. Lice were identified in 42 of the 80 Rock pigeons examined so, the overall prevalence of lice infestations was 52.5%. The prevalence of ectoparasites was found to be higher in young Rock pigeons (60.4%) as compared to adult Rock pigeons (37.4%). Columbicola columbae (wing lice) and Colpocephalum turbinatum (body lice) are two species of lice that have been detected. Body lice were more prevalent in young Columba livia birds at 47.6% whereas wing lice were more prevalent in adult Columba livia birds at 16.7%. Most of the lice were found in the thorax and abdomen area followed by the head and neck area., Merpati Batu (Columba livia) telah hidup berdampingan dengan manusia selama ribuan tahun dan digunakan untuk berbagai keperluan seperti makanan dan olahraga. Merpati batu dapat terinfestasi dengan berbagai ektoparasit, yang dapat berdampak signifikan pada siklus hidup mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi Columba livia dengan kutu burung di 99 Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia pada tahun 2020 dan untuk memastikan dampaknya terhadap kesehatan burung yang terinfestasi. Data dikumpulkan dari catatan klinis dari bulan Januari hingga Desember tahun 2020 dari 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia. Kutu diidentifikasi pada 42 dari 80 merpati batu yang diperiksa sehingga, prevalensi keseluruhan infestasi kutu adalah 52,5%. Prevalensi ektoparasit ditemukan lebih tinggi pada merpati batu muda (60,4%) dibandingkan dengan merpati batu dewasa (37,4%). Columbicola columbae (kutu sayap) dan Colpocephalum turbinatum (kutu badan) adalah dua spesies kutu yang telah ditemukan. Kutu badan lebih banyak ditemukan pada burung Columba livia muda sebesar 47,6% sedangkan kutu sayap lebih banyak ditemukan pada burung Columba livia dewasa sebesar 16,7%. Sebagian besar kutu ditemukan di daerah dada dan abdomen diikuti daerah kepala dan leher.
Keyword: Columba livia, prevalence, ectoparasite, wing lice, body lice, Columba livia, prevalensi, ektoparasit, kutu sayap, kutu badan