Judul: Character Diversity of Rice Seed Populations RIL Generation F9 Derived from Crossbreeding of Cultivars IR64 and Hawara Bunar
Abstrak: Padi (Oryza sativa L.) adalah tanaman pangan penting bagi penduduk di Indonesia. Meningkatkan produksi padi sangat penting untuk ketahanan pangan nasional. Di antara karakter padi yang dapat mempengaruhi produktivitas padi adalah bentuk dan ukuran biji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keragaman dan korelasi karakteristik biji padi populasi recombinant inbred lines (RILs) generasi F9 hasil persilangan kultivar IR64 dan Hawara Bunar. Metode yang dilakukan adalah penanaman padi di sawah, pemindaian biji padi, pengukuran dan pengamatan karakter biji padi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakter biji dari 256 galur berbeda signifikan antar galur sehingga dapat mengelompokkan galur-galur tersebut menjadi empat kelompok utama. Analisis korelasi antar karakter pada gabah menunjukkan korelasi positif yang sangat nyata antara lebar gabah dengan panjang perimeter gabah dan rasio panjang terhadap lebar gabah. Karakter beras juga menunjukkan korelasi positif yang nyata antara karakter panjang perimeter beras dengan panjang beras dan luas area beras. Karakter biji dapat menjadi karakter pembeda pada 256 galur RIL., Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important staple food crop in Indonesia. Increasing rice production is crucial to maintain national food security. Among the rice characteristics that affect productivity are the shape and size of the seeds. The study aimed to analyze the diversity and correlation of seed characteristics in recombinant inbred lines (RILs) population of F9 generation derived from a cross between rice cv. IR64 and Hawara Bunar. Rice plants were cultivated in the paddy field and the seeds were harvested, scanned, observed, and measured the characteristics. The data was statistically analyzed using R software. The results showed that the grain characteristics of the 256 lines were significantly different among the lines and could group the lines into four main groups. Correlation analysis of grain character showed highly significant positive correlations between grain width and grain perimeter length, as well as the length-to-width ratio of the grain. The seed characteristics also exhibit a significant positive correlation between the length of the grain perimeter, seed length, and seed area. The seed characteristics can be used as a marker among the 256 RIL lines.
Keyword: beras, Hawara Bunar, IR64, korelasi, RILs, correlation, rice

Judul: Analisis Keragaman dan Korelasi Antar Karakter Biji 204 Aksesi  Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Lokal Indonesia
Abstrak: Bentuk dan ukuran biji padi (Oryza sativa L.) lokal Indonesia menjadi karakteristik agronomis penting, sehingga menjadi target pemuliaan. Penelitian ini mengkaji keragaman 204 koleksi biji padi lokal yang dilanjutkan dengan studi korelasi antar karakter. Data fenotipe dikumpulkan dengan pendekatan citra beresolusi tinggi dan diekstrak menggunakan software SmartGrain, meliputi panjang (L), lebar (W), luas (AS), perimeter (PL), rasio panjang-lebar (LWR), dan sirkularitas (CS). Bulir biji menunjukkan variabilitas sedang hingga tinggi, dengan LWR menjadi karakter paling beragam di antara 204 aksesi yang diteliti. Uji korelasi mengungkapkan karakter PL dan L memiliki koefisien korelasi positif tertinggi, sedangkan karakter LWR dan CS memiliki korelasi negatif tertinggi. Berdasarkan karakter LWR, terdapat tiga tipe bentuk gabah dan beras yaitu biji berukuran sedang adalah yang paling umum dari 204 koleksi biji yang diteliti, sedangkan biji ramping dan agak bulat lebih sedikit. Penelitian ini adalah studi pertama yang melaporkan tentang variasi dan hubungan antar karakter biji padi lokal Indonesia, yang diharapkan dapat berkontribusi dalam menentukan aksesi pilihan terbaik dalam program pemuliaan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas padi., The shape and size of local Indonesian rice (Oryza sativa L.) seeds are important agronomic traits, which can be a target for breeding program. The research examines the diversity of 204 collections of local rice seeds and their correlations. Phenotypic data were collected using a high-resolution image approach and extracted using SmartGrain software, including length (L), width (W), area (AS), perimeter length (PL), length-width ratio (LWR), and circularity (CS). Seed grains exhibited moderate to high variability with LWR being the most diverse character among the 204 accessions. The correlation analysis among seed characters signifies that the characters PL and L show the highest positive correlation, while LWR and CS had the highest negative correlation coefficient. Based on LWR, there are three grain and rice shapes were observed, i.e., slim, medium, dan round-sized seeds, with medium-sized seeds being the most common. This study is the first to report on variations and correlations of local Indonesian rice seed characters, which expect to contribute to selection criteria in breeding programs aimed at increasing rice productivity.
Keyword: fenotiping digital, pemuliaan, SmartGrain, variabilitas

Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4