Judul: Pengaruh Angin Permukaan Terhadap Fluktuasi Curah Hujan Di Beberapa Wilayah Indonesia
Abstrak: Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara kepulauan yang sangat rentan terhadap perubahan iklim termasuk fluktuasi curah hujan. Interaksi pengaruh angin permukaan terhadap curah hujan di analisa menggunakan statistica7 yaitu anilisis spektral dan spektral silang. Berdasarkan penelitian ini untuk wilayah Lampung, Sumbawa Besar, Banjar Baru, dan Indramayu menunjukkan tipe pola hujan monsunal, sedangkan wilayah Pontianak menunjukkan tipe pola hujan ekuatorial. Pada tipe monsunal memiliki osilasi 12 bulan, sedangkan tipe ekuatorial memiliki osilasi 6 bulanan. Hubungan antara angin permukaan terhadap curah hujan pada wilayah Lampung, Sumbawa Besar, Banjar Baru, Indramayu, dan Pontianak menunjukkan hubungan yang berbanding lurus. Perlu adanya hubungan dengan fenomena-fenomena global untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap curah hujan monsoon.
Keyword: monsun, angin, osilasi

Judul: Hubungan Antara Indikator Penyimpangan Iklim dengan Curah Hujan di Sumatera
Abstrak: Perbedaan kondisi cuaca dan iklim yang teIjadi di Pulau Sumatera, secara umum dan normal sangat dipengaruhi oleh ITCZ (Ianuari-Maret), Moonson Australia (Mei-September) dan Moonson Asia (November-Desember) serta faklor lokal (Sandy, 1987). Akibat peranan fenomena-fenomena tersebut maka daerab ini sering mengalami anomaIi atau penyimpangan iklim yang berhubungan dengan g<;jala alam La-Nina dan EI-Nino. Pada tahun-tahun El-Nino dimana teIjadi kemarau panjang, secara umum diperkirakan akan teIjadi penurunan jumlah curah hujan di beberapa stasiun curah hujan di Sumatera. Sebaliknya pada tahun-tahun La-Nina, diperkirakan akan teIjadi peningkatan jumlah curah hujan di beberapa stasiun curah hujan di Sumatera. Namun demikian ada stasiun-stasiun yang tidak terpengaruh dengan adanya penyimpangan atau perubahan iklim global. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh tersebut maka diperlukan suatu informasi hubungan keterkaitan antara kondisi curah hujan di Sumatera dengan indikator penyimpangan dan perubahan iklim global kemudian disusun model-model pendugaan curah hujan, dan memanfaatkannya untuk melihat kondisi curah hujan pada periode-periode mendatang. Metode yang dipakai dalam melihat pengaruh antara indikator penyimpangan iklim dengan curah hujan di Sumatera adalah menyusun model hubungan antara anomali curab hujan dengan anomali SST melalui analisis regresi terboboti, serta uji koefisien persamaan regresi yang menghasilkan peluang nyala pada taraf :;; 0.05 dimana hanya pada taraf tersebut, model persamaan digunakan untuk memprakirakan curab hujan pada 6-18 bulan kedepan.
Keyword: 

Judul: Development of DNA Vaccine Encoding Glycoprotein of Koi Herpes Virus Using Local Isolate.
Abstrak: The aim of this research was to develop DNA vaccine of Koi Herpesvirus in carp. Glycoprotein gene originated from ORF 25 KHV virus that is 1.8 kbp in size, is a potential gene in DNA vaccine construction. The sequencing and similarity analysis of the gene using BLAST software showed that this gene is a GP25 gene and was found to be very similar (99%) to GP25 of KHV virus from the USA and Israel. When this GP25 gene was ligated with pGEMT Easy (pT, 3 kbp in size) vector, plasmid size was increasing up to 5 kb. Following this, a digestion of pT-GP25 plasmid using Sal I enzyme was applied resulted in a GP25 fragment (1.8 kbp). Subsequently, pAct-D6 with a size of 8.5 kbp was also cut using the same enzyme to eleminate a D6 gene with a size of 1.6 kbp. GP25 gene was then ligated with pAct resulted a pAct-GP25 plasmid with a size of 8.8 kbp. As there was only one restriction site applied, ligation can be occurred in two different directions. Thus, in order to determine the plasmid with the desired direction PCR analysis was carried out, and plasmid with the right direction was the one that sized approximately 2.1 kbp (no. 6, 17 and 20). High level of GFP gene expression was detected in all tissues analyzed, i.e. kidney, gil, spleen, and muscle 24 hours after injection which indicated that β-actin promoter of Japanese medaka could be active in common carp. Although not as high as on 24 hours, expression was still detected until day 7 and disappeared after day 28 post injection indicating that pAct-GFP can be remained and β-actin promoter of Japanese medaka can be active in muscle, gills and kidney at least a week after injection. The result of RT-PCR analysis on pAct-GP25 injected common carp showed that GP25 gene expression can be detected 14 days after injection in all tissues observed. The expression level differences between GFP and GP25 genes possibly related to the primer sensitivity on annealing process to cDNA template and the size of PCR targeted DNA fragment, as smaller PCR targeted product will be easier to be amplified than a bigger one. The length of PCR targeted DNA with GP25 primer was 1.8 kbp whereas GFP gene was 0.6 kbp.The challenge test on common carp results showed that all unvaccinated and negative control (not infected with KHV) was alive until the end of the experiment. Whereas, the survival of fish vaccinated with a dose of 12.5 was ranged from 60.9 and 96.7%. In relation to the activity of β-actin promoter that was used in this DNA vaccine, gene expression was occured 24 hours after vaccination and remained until 2 weeks. The control fish that was not injected by GP25 showed no GP25 expression either in the observed tissues or organs and resulted in a lower survival, i.e. 23.3%. The challenge test results has indicated that the fish vaccinated with GP25 at doses of 7.5 and 12.5 μg/100μL were able to produce KHV glycoprotein in their body which would be
Keyword: