Judul: Evaluasi Ransum Berbahan Dasar Daun Leguminosa Pohon Dan Limbah Tanaman Perkebunan Secara In Vitro Dan In Sacco
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Nutrisi dan Makanan Ternak dan Laboratorium Ruminologi-Jurusan Ilmu Nutrisi dan Makanan Ternak, Fakultas Peternakan IPB. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji kelayakan ransum yang berbahan dasar limbah tanatmil perkebunan dan daun leguminosa pohon berdasarkan fermentabilitas. kecernaan in vitro dan degradasinya dalam rumen. Dua macam sumber serat yaitu serat sawit (PPF) dan pod coklat (CP), dan tiga riiacam daun leguminosa pohon yaitu lamtoro, kaliandra dan gamal dikombinasikan menjadi 6 macam ransum yang dirancang untuk diberikan pada 3 kelompok umur ternak sesuai dengan kebutuhannya.
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Judul: Evaluasi kualitas nutrisi pellet ransum komplit ruminansia dengan limbah perkebunan kelapa sawit sebagai bahan baku utama
Abstrak: Salah satu faktor yang menentukan keberhasilan dalam suatu usaha peternakan adalah makanan. Limbah pertanian terutama yang menyangkut industri perkebunan kelapa sawit nampaknya banyak memberi peluang sebagai sumber pakan ternak. Perkebunan kelapa sawit di Indonesia dewasa ini semakin dikembangkan, sehingga limbah inipun semakin potensial sebagai pakan, namun selama ini belum diketahui seberapa jauh penggunaan dan manfaatnya pada ternak ruminansia. Suatu penelitian telah dilakukan dari tanggal 5 Sep- tember sampai 28 Nopember 1991 yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemanfaatan limbah perkebunan kelapa sawit sebagai bahan baku utama dalam pellet ransum komplit terhadap intensitas utilisasi zat makanan yang meliputi ke- cernaan bahan organik, bahan kering dan protein serta re- tensi nitrogen. Ternak yang digunakan adalah 4 ekor domba jantan, berumur 5 - 6 bulan dengan kisaran bobot badan 18- 20 kg yang ditempatkan dalam kandang metabolik individual. Ransum yang diberikan dalam bentuk pellet yang terdiri dari beberapa bahan pakan yaitu: Rumput Raja, serabut kelapa sawit, KPS A Feed, bungkil inti sawit, onggok, bungkil kelapa, urea, minyak dan mineral-vitamin. Ransum ini mengandung PK dan TDN sebesar 16 % dan 72%. Perlaku- an yang diberikan adalah: A sumber hijauan rumput raja dengan konsentrat komersial (KPS Feed), B = sumber hijauan rumput raja dan konsentrat dengan bahan baku utama limbah kelapa sawit, c = sumber hijauan serabut kelapa sawit dengan konsentrat yang sama dengan ransum A dan D = sumber hijauan serabut kelapa sawit dengan konsentrat yang sama dengan ransum B. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Faktorial 2 x 2 dalam Bujur Sangkar Latin (4 x 4) dengan faktor I adalah jenis hijauan yaitu rumput raja dan sera- but kelapa sawit, serta faktor II adalah jenis konsentrat yaitu konsentrat komersial (KPS Feed) dan konsentrat uji (mengandung limbah kelapa sawit 56.7 persen atau sama dengan kandungan bungkil inti sawit 34 persen dalam ransum total…dst
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Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite