Judul: Kerugian fisik dan nonfisik rumahtangga pesisir akibat banjir pasang di kelurahan Kamal Muara, Penjaringan Jakarta Utara
Abstrak: Banjir pasang yang terjadi di Kamal Muara menimbulkan kerugian fisik dan nonfisik bagi rumahtangga pesisir. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memberikan informasi mengenai kerugian fisik dan nonfisik rumahtangga pesisir akibat banjir pasang di Kamal Muara. Tujuan penelitian adalah: (1) mengidentifikasi jenis kerugian fisik, (2) menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi nilai kerugian fisik, (3) membandingkan nilai kerugian fisik berdasarkan faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap nilai kerugian fisik, dan (4) mengidentifikasi jenis kerugian nonfisik akibat banjir pasang yang dialami rumahtangga pesisir di Kamal Muara.
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Judul: Estimasi Nilai Kerugian Ekonomi Akibat Banjir dan Upaya Penganggulangannya di Kelurahan Pela Mampang Jakarta Selatan
Abstrak: Peningkatan jumlah penduduk di Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta memicu masalah keterbatasan lahan. Alih fungsi lahan yang terjadi mengakibatkan daerah resapan air semakin sempit sehingga terjadi peningkatan air permukaan yang menyebabkan banjir. Jumlah jiwa yang terdampak banjir di Jakarta Selatan merupakan jumlah tertinggi di DKI Jakarta pada tahun 2016. Banjir yang terjadi di Komplek Polri Pondok Karya merupakan banjir luapan Sungai Mampang. Upaya penanggulangan telah dilakukan oleh masyarakat dan pemerintah, namun banjir di wilayah Pela Mampang masih terjadi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengestimasi kerugian ekonomi masyarakat dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kerugian ekonomi, mengestimasi manfaat ekonomi, serta mengidentifikasi strategi mitigasi dan upaya penanggulangan banjir di DKI Jakarta khususnya wilayah Pela Mampang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) metode pendekatan harga pasar, (2) cost of illness, (3) loss of earnings, (4) regresi linear berganda, (5) analisis deskriptif, dan (6) gap analysis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kerugian ekonomi akibat banjir mencapai Rp 221 095 330, dengan manfaat ekonomi yang diperoleh masyarakat berasal dari pengerukan waduk berjumlah Rp 163 739 403. Mitigasi dilakukan oleh masyarakat dalam bentuk struktural seperti pembuatan tanggul dan tindakan non struktural seperti mengasuransikan harta benda. Program penanggulangan banjir di DKI Jakarta khususnya Pela Mampang telah dilakukan namun beberapa program belum tercapai sesuai dengan indikator. Program tersebut adalah pengembangan drainase, pengelolaan sungai, serta pemeliharaan dan pembangunan sarana prasarana pengendali banjir. Program penanggulangan banjir di DKI Jakarta khususnya Pela Mampang perlu dioptimalkan agar mengurangi kerugian ekonomi dari masyarakat. Kata Kunci : Biaya Kesempatan, Cost of Illness, Damage Assessment, Gap Analysis
Keyword: Cost of Illness, Damage Assessment, Gap Analysis, Human Capital Approach

Judul: Xylooligosaccharide production of corncobs as prebiotic candidate by high temperature heating and enzymatic hydrolysis.
Abstrak: Corncob waste is a rich xylan source that can be utilized as raw material for xylooligosaccharides (XOS) production. XOS is a potential prebiotic and has high economic value. Two corn varieties i.e. Bisi and Pioneer were first analyzed for its hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin contents and xylan yield to choose the corn variety to be studied. Process technology for XOS production was studied using available equipment such as oven. Xylooligosaccharide (XOS) from corncob was produced in two stages i.e. xylan extraction by heating at high temperatures in oven or autoclave as comparison, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis. Analysis of two corncob varieties showed that Pioneer variety contained higher hemicellulose content (34.98%) and xylan yield (18.32%) than Bisi variety (12.28% and 10.22%, respectively), therefore Pioneer variety was chosen as raw material for XOS production. Corncob particles were soaked in dilute acid (1 g/l H2SO4) for 12 h at 60 oC, filtered and washed with tap water and then heated in oven or autoclave. Before oven heating, The corncobs were added with water at various ratios (1:1 – 1:5) and then heated in oven at various temperature (130 oC, 140 oC, 150 oC for 0.5 h) and autoclave at 121oC for 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 h with one and two heating cycles. During heating, the total sugar and reducing sugar were increase, while the degree of polymerization was decrease. The results showed that heating in oven to extract the xylan was affected by the ratios of corncobs and aquadest and heating temperatures. Oven heating (130-150 oC) with optimum ratio of corncobs and aquadest (1:3) successfully increased the xylan content from 3.98% up to 18.21 – 19.46% while repeated heating cycle (two cycles) did not affect the xylan content. Heating the corncobs with aquadest (at the ratio of 1:3) in oven at 130 oC for 0.5 h produced 18.98% xylan and enzymatic conversion of the xylan by xylanase significantly increased the XOS content from 19.60% up to 44.06%. Heating the corncobs in autoclave (121 oC, 0.5 h) followed by enzymatic conversion produced higher XOS content (65.67%). The corncob XOS could stimulate the growth of Lactobacillus plantarum kik and Bifidobacterium longum ATCC 15707 by 1.2 until 1.7 unit log, indicating the prebiotic properties. Cookies prebiotic produced by addition of 5% (based on wheat flour) had higher hardness texture (1256 gf) than control without XOS (1067 gf).
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