Judul: Rancangan dan uji tenis kolektor surya parabola silinder sederhana untuk pendinginan sistem jet uap
Abstrak: Dominasi batu bara, minyak dan gas bumi. sebagai sumber energi nampaknya mulai berkurang sejak terjadinya krisis energi pada tahun 1973. Apalagi belakangan ini ada indikasi bahwa energi minyak bumi ikut memperburuk efek rumah kaca, yaitu fenomena terperangkapnya sinar merah ultra surya dalam atmosfir bumi karena tidak mampu menembus lapisan gas polutan sehingga menyebabkan naiknya suhu permukaan bumi. Menghadapi gejala tersebut, usaha-usaha pengembangan dan penganekaragaman sumber energi alternatif mutlak diperlukan. Salah satu sumber energi alternatif yang cukup mendapat perhatian adalah energi surya. Dewasa ini, pemanfaatan energi surya sebagai energi non konvensional dilakukan dengan mengkonversikannya menjadi panas dan listrik yang dapat digunakan dalam proses-proses industri dan kimia dimana penelitian kearah pengembangannya masih kurang (Abdullah, 1980). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membuat prototipe kolektor surya parabola silinder sebagai sumber energi pembangkit uap menggantikan fungsi boiler pada pendinginan sistem jet uap. Uji performansi menunjukkan bahwa kolektor yang dirancang mampu membangkitkan uap dengan laju 1.20 kg uap/jam pada posisi 6º menghadap ke barat (posisi A) dan sejajar lintasan surya harian. Sedangkan pada posisi 6º menghadap ke timur (posisi B) dihasilkan laju penguapan sebesar 1.44 kg uap/jam. Hasil tersebut masih dibawah kebutuhan uap untuk pendinginan jet uap yang dirancang. ...
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Judul: Rekayasa dan Uji Kinerja Kolektor Surya parabola Tipe Silinder untuk Sistem Pendinginan Jet Uap
Abstrak: Konsumsi energi di Indonesia saat ini nasih didominasi oleh cnergi konvensionai, sementara krisis energi yang rneianda dunia sejalc awn1 abad ke-20 telah inendorong nanusia unruk inengelnbangkan sumber energi airernatif yang bertujuan mengurangi ketergantungan pada pemakaian energi konvensional.
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Judul: Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping for Trait in Categorical Scale
Abstrak: Genes or regions on chromosome underlying a quantitative trait are called Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL). Characterizing genes controlling quantitative trait on their position in chromosome and their effect on trait is through a process called QTL mapping. In estimating the QTL position and its effect, QTL mapping basically utilize the association between QTL and DNA markers. However, many important traits are obtained in categorical scale, such as resistance from certain disease. From a theoretical point of view, QTL mapping method assuming continuous trait could not be applied to categorical trait. This research was focusing on the assessment of the performance of Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Regression (REG) approach employed in QTL mapping as well as the performance of Lander and Botstein (LB) and Piepho method in determining critical value in testing the existence of QTL for binary and ordinal trait by means of simulation study. The simulation study to evaluate the performance of ML and REG approach was conducted by taking into account several factors that may affecting the performance of both approaches. The factors are: (1) marker density; (2) QTL effect; (3) sample size; (4) shape of phenotypic distribution; (5) number of categories; and (6) number of QTL. Moreover, the simulation study for evaluating LB and Piepho method in determining critical value was conducted by generating distribution of the test statistic under null hypothesis. From simulation study, it was obtained that LB and Piepho method showing similar performance in determining critical value in testing the existence of QTL for binary and ordinal trait. The simulation study also indicating that both methods could be used in determining critical value in QTL mapping analysis for binary trait as well as for ordinal trait if the REG approach is used but not if ML approach is used due to their poor performance. In assessing the performance of ML and REG approach in QTL mapping analysis for binary trait, the two approaches showing comparable performance; whereas for ordinal trait REG approach showing poor performance compared with ML approach in estimating thresholds. As a result, in QTL mapping analysis, ML and REG approach could be used when dealing with binary trait, whereas ML approach is suggested when dealing with ordinal trait.
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