Judul: Problem Identification and Conservation Strategy of Pawon Cave Area, Citatah Karst Area of West Bandung Regency.
Abstrak: Temuan benda-benda purbakala di dalam goa seperti artefak, fosil, lukisan goa dan benda prasejarah lainnya merupakan bukti pemanfaatan goa-goa karst di dunia sebagai tempat berlindung manusia prasejarah (KMNLH 1999). Hal serupa juga ditemukan di kawasan Goa Pawon, Karst Citatah, Kabupaten Bandung Barat yang dibuktikan oleh penemuan artefak, tulang-tulang binatang dan fosil (yang diduga sebagai fosil nenek moyang orang Sunda) oleh Kelompok Riset Cekungan Bandung. Hasil temuan ini merupakan temuan pertama arkeologi spektakular di Jawa Barat. Upaya konservasi kawasan Goa Pawon juga mengalami berbagai permasalahan, yaitu pertambangan batu gamping dan kegiatan pemanfaatan lahan karst untuk pertanian. Nilai penting, potensi dan permasalahan di kawasan Goa Pawon telah menjadi perhatian berbagai pihak. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan pemanfaatan yang terjadi, dibutuhkan suatu strategi pengelolaan kawasan agar nilai penting dan potensi kawasan Goa Pawon tetap lestari. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Februari-April 2011 di kawasan Goa Pawon, Kawasan Karst Citatah, Kabupaten Bandung Barat (KBB) yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi permasalahan konservasi kawasan Goa Pawon, memetakan stakeholder kawasan Goa Pawon dan menentukan strategi konservasi kawasan Goa Pawon. Data yang diambil meliputi permasalahan, potensi dan variasi kegiatan di kawasan Goa Pawon, stakeholder konservasi kawasan Goa Pawon, tugas pokok dan fungsi stakeholder, peran, kepentingan dan pengaruh stakeholder kawasan Goa Pawon. Metode yang digunakan adalah wawancara mendalam kepada informan, observasi lapang dan studi pustaka. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis stakeholder dan analisis SWOT. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh beberapa permasalahan konservasi kawasan Goa Pawon, diantaranya pertambangan batu kapur, pengambilan guano dari dalam Goa Pawon, pencemaran lingkungan, penurunan kualitas lahan akibat kegiatan pertanian musiman serta penurunan kualitas dan kuantitas air tanah dan sumberdaya karst. Selain itu, diperoleh 7 stakeholder yang memiliki kepentingan dan pengaruh terhadap kawasan Goa Pawon, yaitu Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata KBB, Dinas Energi dan Pertambangan KBB, Kantor Lingkungan Hidup KBB, Kelompok Riset Cekungan Bandung, Badan Perencanaan dan Pembangunan Daerah KBB, Dinas Pertanian, Perkebunan dan Kehutanan KBB dan Badan Pertanahan KBB. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kawasan Goa Pawon membutuhkan suatu strategi konservasi kawasan, yaitu pengendalian kerusakan kawasan dan pengembangan pemanfaatan jasa lingkungan sumberdaya kawasan secara lestari dan berwawasan lingkungan untuk memberikan nilai tambah dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Selain itu, diperlukan penguatan kelembagaan (forum koordinasi dan kerjasama) dalam pengelolaan kawasan dari pihak pemerintah (Provinsi dan Kabupaten), LSM dan masyarakat berdasarkan prinsip pengelolaan bersama/co-management.
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Judul: Analisis Dampak Ekonomi dan Strategi Pengelolaan Wisata Goa Pawon di Kawasan Karst Citatah, Kecamatan Cipatat, Kabupaten Bandung Barat.
Abstrak: Tourism area of Pawon Cave is a new place of special interest tourism managed by the government district of West Bandung (KBB). Pawon Cave tourism activities have positive impact such as labor absorption and improving incomes for local communities. The economic impact is due to the economic transactions between local community and the tourists. The tourists have interest in the potential of natural beauty, history, and education. The potential of these resources need to be assessed economically because Pawon Cave have admission rates not yet, so it is open access and tend to be rated lower than the actual value. A management strategy is needed to develop a product and market ecotourism Pawon Cave. The purpose of research was to estimate the economic value of tourism area existence, to calculate the economic impact of tourism activities to the local economy, and to analyze the management strategies of Pawon Cave. Benefit’s tourism in Pawon Cave is assessed with Travel Cost Methods. Education level, number of dependents, and income’s respondents significantly influenced by frequency of visits. The tourism economic value of the existence Pawon Cave per year is Rp 102 604 000. Pawon Cave provide economic impact to the local economy directly, that analyzed with a multiplier effect, Keynesian Income Multiplier values obtained at 1.18. The economic impact is quite good although in small-scale indirectly and induced that characterized by the value of the Type I Income Multiplier Ratio is 1.30 , and the value of the Type II Income Multiplier Ratio is 1.51. The Management strategies can applied to the Pawon Cave with SWOT analysis, among others: (1) to continue the master plan as well as provide support for the development of the potential of the environment, (2) to improve of human resources , (3) to develop of facilities and infrastructure into appropriate , (4) to increase the distinctiveness of the tourist attractiveness of the tour , and (5) to conduct tourism promotion through various media.
Keyword: Travel Cost Method, SWOT, Pawon Cave, Multiplier Effect

Judul: Evaluation of Influenza Antibody Titers in Serum and Egg Yolk of Layers Vaccinated with Influenza Vaccines.
Abstrak: Influenza belongs to the Orthomyxoviridae family which causes upper and lower respiratory tract infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate influenza-A specific antibody titers from serum and egg yolk of hens vaccinated with quadrivalent influenza vaccines. Three Hy-line Brown layers were vaccinated with quadrivalent influenza type A and B inactivated vaccines. Vaccination was carried out three times at a dose of 0.25 ml/chicken via the intramuscular route. The first vaccination was carried out at 24 weeks of age, then boosters were performed at 28 and 32 weeks of age. Serum and egg yolk were collected every week for 20 weeks since the first vaccination. Influenza A H3N2 and H1N1 antibody titers were determined using hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test and agar-gel-precipitation (AGP) test. Influenza-A H3N2 and H1N1 specific antibodies were detected in both serum and egg yolk from the first to twenty weeks after the initial vaccination. Highest HI geometric mean titer (GMT) of H1N1 antibody reached 26.67 HIU at nine weeks post first vaccination (p.f.v), while H3N2 antibody reached 26 HIU at six weeks p.f.v. Our result showed that influenza antibodies can be produced in layers using quadrivalent vaccines and layer chickens are able to produce equivalent antibody levels for each influenza subtype.
Keyword: antibody, egg yolk, influenza, layer chickens, serum