Judul: Hubungan Antara Viabilitas, Motilitas, dan Keutuhan Membran Plasma Spermatozoa Semen Beku Sapi Limousin
Abstrak: Limousine is a popular beef cattle among farmers. According to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI), the quality of frozen semen that is distributed and used to inseminate cattle must have a post-thawing motility of > 40% and an individual scoring > 2. This study aimed to test the quality of Limousine frozen semen with different parameters, namely the percentage of spermatozoa motility, live-dead spermatozoa (viability; indicator of viable sperm), the percentage of plasma membrane integrity of spermatozoa (MI) and to find the relationship between these three parameters. The motility was assessed subjectively using three evaluators, the viability was assessed with eosin nigrosin staining and membrane integrity (MI) was tested using hypo osmotic swelling (HOS) test. All was observed under the microscope and data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation SPSS 16 for windows. Data showed that the frozen semen of all four individuals were still in good condition and the post thawing motility of all bulls qualified the SNI for frozen semen of bulls. There was a positive correlation between motility and viability, motility and MI as well as viability and membrane integrity.
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Judul: Longivitas dan Viabilitas Spermatozoa Sapi Friesian Holstein, Simmental, dan Brahman dalam Semen Beku Menggunakan Pengencer Skim.
Abstrak: Indonesia had two artificial insemination centre and more than 17 regional artificial insemination centre. Before distributed to farmers, the quality of frozen semen has to be laboratory tested periodically. According to the Indonesian National Standard the parameters assessed in the laboratory are sperm motility and individual scoring. The aim of this study was to test the sperm motility, viability and longevity of frozen semen from three cow breeds which are FH, Simmental and Brahman produced by one of the regional artificial insemination centers and to fine out the relationship between sperm motility and its viability among breed. Results showed that post thawing motility of the FH bull was 50.00±0.00% which was significantly higher than Simmental 43.50±2.42% or Brahman 43.33±2.50% bull. A decrease in motility and viability showed an association motility with the percentage of live spermatozoa. They were no differences in sperm longevity among breeds. The motility of all samples decreased and reached 0% motility in 5 hours. The decrease in sperm motility and viability is caused by the decrease in energy sources and the accumulation of toxic waste of metabolized diluents. In conclusion, the FH bull had the best post thawing motility and viability compared to Simmental and Brahman bull. Based on the Indonesian National Standard all sample could be used for insemination.
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Judul: Kerugian ekonomi akibat serangan rayap pada bangunan perumahan di dua wilayah DKI Jakarta (Kotamadya Jakarta Barat dan Jakarta Timur)
Abstrak: Perusakan bangunan rumah oleh rayap dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lingkungan tempat hidupnya. Peranannya bervariasi untuk masing-masing tempat. Daerah-daerah tertentu misalnya dekat sungai, banyak pepohonan, kelembaban, dan curah hujan yang cukup cenderung tinggi tingkat serangan rayapnya. Daerah Kecamatan Keramat Jati dan Ciracas merupakan daerah yang kerugian ekonominya cukup tinggi, yaitu sebesar Rp. 5.496.490 dan Rp. 4.193.353, disusul daerah Palmerah, Kembangan, Kebun Jeruk dengan kerugian sebesar Rp. 4.895.392, Rp. 4.735.653, dan Rp. 4.732.646. Kerugian yang terkecil terdapat pada daerah Kecamatan Cipayung yaitu sebesar Rp. 4.255.909. Penelitian juga mengungkapkan bahwa adanya hubungan antara umur bangunan rumah dengan tingkat serangan rayap dan besarnya kerugian ekonomi akibat serangan rayap. Tingkat serangan rayap dan kerugian ekonomi berbanding lurus dengan kelas umur bangunan rumah, semakin besar umur bangunan tingkat serangan rayap dan kerugian ekonomi akan semakin besar. Daerah Kecamatan Keramat Jati, Ciracas dan Palmerah perlu mendapat perhatian yang serius, mengingat daerah tersebut mempunyai kerugian ekonomi yang cukup tinggi akibat serangan rayap. Diharapkan para pengambil kebijaksanaan dalam merancang desain bangunan perumahan dapat memperhatikan proteksi bangunan terhadap bahaya rayap.
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