Judul: Pemanfaatan minyak jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas, Linn.) sebagai komponen sediaan dalam formulasi produk hand & body
Abstrak: Meningkatnya kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya perawatan kesehatan kulit merupakan salah satu faktor pendorong terjadinya peningkatan permintaan produk-produk perawatan kulit. Penggunaan produk perawatan kulit ditujukan sebagai salah satu upaya perlindungan dari dampak negatif kondisi cuaca yang semakin ekstrim karena pemanasan global dan penipisan lapisan ozon. Produk krim (yang biasanya bersifat semi padat) memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam aplikasi kosmetik perawatan kulit. Hal ini karena bentuk sediaan krim memiliki kestabilan yang lebih baik dalam berbagai kondisi dibandingkan bentuk sediaan losion. Bahkan minyak, humektan dan air dapat ditambahkan dalam proporsi yang cukup besar pada bentuk sediaan krim. Salah satu bahan penting pembentuk emulsi untuk sediaan krim perawatan tubuh adalah fase minyak. Fungsi minyak pada krim adalah sebagai bahan pelembut (emollient) kulit melalui mekanisme pembentukan lapisan tipis pada permukaan kulit. Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas, Linn.) merupakan salah satu tanaman penghasil minyak nabati potensial yang terus dikembangkan di Indonesia. Seperti sumber minyak nabati lainnya, minyak jarak pagar juga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan dasar dalam pembuatan produk perawatan kulit seperti sabun, losion dan krim. Pada saat ini, informasi atau gambaran yang jelas mengenai pemanfaatan minyak jarak pagar untuk produk perawatan kulit seperti hand & body cream masih sangat terbatas. Dasar penelitian ini adalah pengembangan formula sediaan hand & body cream dengan memanfaatkan sumber minyak nabati. Kajian mengenai aplikasi konsentrasi minyak jarak pagar yang tepat pada produk hand & body cream sangat penting dilakukan untuk melihat karakteristik fisikokimia produk hand & body cream yang dikembangkan. Selain itu kajian ini juga dilakukan untuk melihat tingkat penerimaan konsumen untuk produk krim berbahan dasar minyak jarak pagar.
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Judul: Pemanfaatan Minyak Jarak Pagar (Jatropha Curcas L.)  Sebagai Bahan Dasar Sabun Mandi
Abstrak: Jatropha plant (Jatropha curcas L.) is the plant where the habitat is commonly found in America, Africa and Asian tropical area includes Indonesia. This plant have lots of properties such as curing wound on skin, worm medicine, flatulent medicine and tooth medicine. Oil which extracted from its plant can be used as a base material for making soap, biodiesel, insecticides, and other medical use. Bath soap is the primary needs for human because it uses for cleaning up the body from the dirt which coming from oil, sweat, dust etc. Simple soap making is by reacting the NaOH base solution or as known as caustic soda, the process it called saponification. The two most critical chemical components of the soapmaking process are contact and heat.The soap that made in this research is an opaque soap. The main purposes of this research are to learn the characteristics of the opaque soap that made from the jatropha oil (Jatropha curcas L.) material and also to find the best soap with the NaOH and cassava starch composition that have been arranged. The research was started by working a material analysis of jatropha seed which includes water content analysis, ash content analysis, fat content analysis, protein content analysis, carbohydrate content analysis and also acidity level (pH). Afterward, working the main research that is the soapmaking process which its formula were made based on the oil saponification value itself. The soap were differ by the cassava starch addition that is 0 %, 2,5 %, 5 % and 7,5 %. The NaOH solvent used in this research were differ by concentration 30 % and 35 %. The soaps that has been produced, then, physical-chemically analyzed, and tested by preference test. Physical-chemistry analysis in this research are based on the SNI (1994). Finally, the result of both analysis and test were used to determine the best soap using the scoring method. The experiment design used in this research are known as randomize completely design with two factors. The factors that examined in this research are the concentration of NaOH that is 30 % and 35 %, and the concentration of cassava starch that is 0 %, 2,5 %, 5 % and 7,5 %. The percentage of all of its concentration are counted from the final weight of soap produced. In the physical-chemistry analysis, to know the effect the addition of cassava starch, the NaOH solvent or both of it altogether were performed with the analysis of variance followed by the Duncan test. In the preference test, to know the effect of both factors were performed with the Friedman test with the level of significance 95 % ( =0,05). Chosen panelists for this test were classified into untrained panelists and all of it are part member of society who are common using bath soap especially opaque soap. The result of the scoring method could not determined the best soap, because at the end of the calculation there were five soaps which have the same scores that is 2,580. Those five soaps are coded 102 (soap with NaOH 30 % and
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Judul: Dynamical System of Hepatitis B in Three Groups with Vaccination
Abstrak: The aim of this study is to modify the hepatitis B transmission model in three age groups involving vaccination from the model conducted by Zhoe and Zhang.The method used is to analyze the stability of the fixed point and its basic reproduction number (R_0). Performed stability analysis and numerical simulation to see population dynamics. Next, a sensitivity analysis of the parameters was carried out to see its effect on R_0. From the analysis obtained two fixed points, namely non-endemic and endemic fixed points. Non-endemic fixed points are locally asymptotically stable if R_0 <1 Meanwhile, the endemic fixed point is locally asymptotically stable if R_0 > 1. Hepatitis vaccination affects the number of susceptible population, because the more successful the vaccination, the smaller the number of susceptible populations so that the smaller the population will be infected.
Keyword: Dynamic, Hepatitis B, Vaccine, Mathematical model