Judul: Influence of Mechanical Stimulation on Elasticity of Bone Tissue Based Finite Element Method
Abstrak: The main component of bone is cortical and trabecular bone. Density of cortical bone is higher than the trabecular bone. Bone remodelling is the process of resorption and formation on the bone. Remodelling of the bone consists of four phases i.e. resorption, reversal, formation, and resting phase. One of the factors was mechanical stimulation of remodelling bone. This research aims to know the effect of mechanical stimulation on bone density and calculation the ultimate elasticity bone. This research consists of three stages, calculation stress, strain, and strain rate on the resting phase. Then, calculation density cortical and trabecular bone. The final stage is to calculate the ultimate elastisity of bones. On the phase reversal, the bone density is the lowest value. As a result of mechanical stimulation on the phase reversal will stimuli the formation of bone. Due to differences in the mechanical stimuli (standing and walking) an increase in stress, strain, and strain rate 35%. Due to changes of bone age (decrease of two decades), cortical stress increased by 1.47% to 2 %, the strain increased 3.22% to 4.93%, and the strain rate increased 3.92% to 3.98 %. While the increased stress trabecular on bone 0.68% to 0.81%, strain increases from 0% to 4.55 %, and the strain rate increased 1.41% to 7%. Using equation V. Klika and Marsik produced density the cortical and trabecular bone. The femur with modulo Young 17.9 MPa and force 1300 N obtained exactness trabecular againts results experiment 96.67% and in cortical 77.26%. The femur with modulo Young 17.9 MPa and force 1755 N obtained exactness trabecular againts results experiment 90.87% and in cortical 81.27%. The femur with modulo Young 17.184 MPa and force 1300 N obtained exactness trabecular againts results experiment 94.26% and in cortical 70%. On the phase inversal, bone density was minimum value so happen oscillation stain could active osteoblast and bone formation. Whereas, in phase rest where bone density is at the highest value that external pressure no impact on the strain. Cortical bone of femur ultimate elasticity (ultimate stress and strain) due to change in physiological activity (force 1300 to 1755 N) ultimate stress rise 5.75% and ultimate strain 6%.Whereas, due to age (two decade) ultimate stress drop at 14% and ultimate strain 15%.
Keyword: remodelling, mechanical stimulation, strain rate, density of bone, ultimate elastisity

Judul: Studi morfologiperbandingan induksi persembuhan kerusakan tulang oleh bahan implan tulang hidrosiapatit dan beta-trikalsiumfosfat
Abstrak: This study was conducted with aim to investigate the effectiveness implant material of Hidroxyapatite (HA):Beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) bone implant made from eggshell with ratio of HA:β-TCP 70:30 and 60:40 in inducing bone remodelling process at macroscopic and microscopic levels. Five milimeters thick implant was inserted aseptically in sheep tibia bone using surgical prosedures. Data were collected at days 30, 60 and 90 after implanted. There were no significant difference between HA:β-TCP with ratio 70:30 and 60:40 in bone remodelling process at macroscopic and microscopic observation. Remodelling process in control group was faster than HA:β-TCP implanted bone. There was no sign of rejection against HA:β-TCP implant. HA:β-TCP showed osteoinductive and osteoconductive characteristics although remodelling process was slower than the controls.
Keyword: remodelling., hidroxyapatite, bone implant, Beta-tricalcium phosphate, Beta-tricalcium phosphate, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB)

Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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