Judul: Application of liquid bio-fertilizer reduced The need of chemical fertilizer in black Galingale (kaempferia parviflora) production
Abstrak: Kaempferia parviflora Wall ex. Baker (black galingale) is a medicinal plant which has high potential to be developed in Indonesia as medicinal products. Thus, in order to develop appropriate standard operasional procedure in K parviflora cultivation, this research was conducted to study the effect of biofertilizer applicationon late-vegetative growth and yield of rhizome. The experiment was arranged in Randomize Completely Block Design (RCBD), where the treatment were Control (0 L ha-1 of bio-fertilizer and 100% of chemical fertilizer), D1 (15 L ha-1 of bio-fertilizer and 50% of chemical fertilizer), D2 (22.5 L ha-1 of bio-fertilizer and 50% of chemical fertilizer), and D3 (30 L ha-1 of biofertilizer and 50% of chemical fertilizer). The 100% chemical fertilizer application were consisted 300 kg ha-1 urea, 250 kg ha-1 SP-36, and 250 kg ha-1 KCl. The block of the experimental design was based on the shading position of raised bed and difference of sun-lighting time. The result showed that application of 15 L ha-1 of bio-fertilizer and 50% of chemical fertilizer resulted in the best late-vegetative growth (i.e. plant height, leaf number, leaf length, and leaf area) of K. parviflora up to 29 week after planting (WAP). Moreover, application of 50% of chemical fertilizer with various rate of bio-fertilizer resulted in similar rhizome yield compared to those planted with 100% of chemical fertilizer. Thus, application of bio-fertilizer can be recommended to be applied in K. parviflora cultivation since it could reduce the usage of chemical fertilizer (urea, SP 36, and KCl) up to 50%. The potencial productivity from each treatment range from 4.38 to 8.19 ton ha-1. The result also imply that the usage of bio-fertilizer could suppress disease severity of root-knot caused by nematode in the field.
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Judul: Pematahan Dormansi Rimpang Kaempferia parviflora Wall Ex. Baker
Abstrak: Kaempferia parviflora (Zingiberaceae family) has a potency to be developed for a new medicinal plants in Indonesia. One of problems in its cultivation is the lack of planting material availability due to the long dormant period. The objectives of this research were to study the effect of various concentrations of BAP and ethephon, and also the effect of the prior growing condition to the dormancy breaking and shoot growth of K. parviflora rhizome. Two separate experiments were applied for two lots of rhizomes namely Cikabayan and Pasir Sarongge lots. Each experiment was arranged in completely random design with 2 factors. Experiment-1 used 4 concentrations of BAP (0, 50, 100, and 150 ppm) as the first factor. While, experiment-2 used 5 concentrations of ethephon (0, 200, 400, 600 and 800 ppm) as the first factor. The second factor in both experiments were prior shade condition at 55% artificial shading and natural shading. A rhizome without soaked application (control) and a rhizome with soaked by aquadestilata without PGRs (0 ppm) were used as compared items. Data was analyzed with ANOVA. Combined Analysis of Variance and t-test were performed in order to compare between 2 lots. Result showed that concentration of BAP until 150 ppm and concentration of ethephon until 800 ppm were not effective to stimulate bud induction time. Meanwhile, rhizome from 55% artificial shading had a shorter periode of dormancy than the natural shading. In the addition, plants from Pasir Sarongge rhizomes lot had more plant number, plant height, leaf number, leaf length, and leaf width than Cikabayan rhizomes lot.
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Judul: Penggunaan Teorema Homeomorphy 2-Manifold dan Teorema Euler Poincare pada Torus 𝑇�� dan Simplicial Complex 𝐾��
Abstrak: Two dimensional topological spaces are said to be homeomorphic if they have the same topological invariant, where one of topological invariant used is an Euler characteristic. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem and Euler Poincare’s Theorem are used to distinguish two topological spaces. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem uses Euler characteristic to identify two dimensional topological spaces. Euler Poincare’s Theorem is an alternative way to find Euler characteristic with Betti number, which is topological invariant as well. The objective of this paper is to investigate the homeomorphism of torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾�����. Topological space torus and simplicial complex 𝐾����� have the same Euler characteristic, which is two. Based on Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem topological space torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾����� is homeomorphic.
Keyword: simplicial, torus, Euler, homeomorphism, topology