Judul: Komunitas Burung pemakan buah di Panaruban, Subang:ekologi makan dan penyebaran biji tumbuhan semak
Abstrak: Java has been experiencing a heavy deforestation in the 16th century. Combined with a densely human population, most forests have changed into open land with shrubs and secondary vegetation. To recover disturbed vegetation the role of seed dispersal agents, e.g. frugivorous birds is really important. So, this paper describes the role of frugivorous birds as shrubland seed dispersal agents at Panaruban, Subang. The study was conducted since April 2005 until May 2006. Census of bird fs communities was carried out by point count method, frugivorous bird morphology character was undertaken by capture-mist netting and morphometric, fruit availability was estimated by extrapolation, feeding behavior was observed by behavior method, and interaction of frugivorous birds-plant was carried out by feces-seed content method and seed germination. Bird community hierarchy cluster contained 17 insectivorous guilds, 6 frugivorous guilds, and 3 granivorous and nectarivorous guilds. Frugivorous birds had gape width-height ratio of . 0.90. The highest shrubland fruit abundance was at the secondary forest (63.86 weight kg.ha-1), while the lowest at KT10 (15.65 weight kg.ha-1). The highest feeding rate was 8 fruits/minute Breynia microphylla by Pycnonotus aurigaster, and 9 fruits/minutes by Pycnonotus goiavier. It was dispersed with the shortest distance 176.4 m Melastoma affine by Pycnonotus aurigaster, while Pycnonotus goiavier dispersed the shortest distance Sambucus javanicus was 100.5 m. There was strong interaction between frugivorous bird-fruit by gape width-height and fruit diameter. Abundance and distribution of seed composition in feces varied among bird spesies and plant. Seed germination passing bird guts was more than pulp artificially removal and seed within intact seed.
Keyword: Feeding ecology, West Java, Seed dispersal, Frugivorous Birds

Judul: Interaksi antara Burung Frugivora pada Pohon Pakan di Kawasan Resort Bama Taman Nasional Baluran
Abstrak: Terbatasnya jumlah pohon buah mendorong pemanfaatan bersama pohon-pohon buah sebagai pohon pakan oleh burung-burung frugivora. Hal ini membuka peluang terjadinya interaksi antara burung frugivora. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pohon pakan dan sebarannya, serta interaksi yang terjadi antara burung frugivora pada pohon pakan. Sebaran jenis pohon pakan diperoleh menggunakan metode eksplorasi. Pengamatan aktivitas burung frugivora dilakukan secara ad libitum sampling dan one zero sampling. Jenis pohon pakan burung frugivora yang teridentifikasi di kawasan resort Bama yaitu Corypha utan, Ficus superba, Syzygium polyanthum, Casearia grewiaefolia, dan Ficus racemosa. C. utan ditemukan di hutan pantai, hutan musim dataran rendah, hutan evergreen dan daerah savana yang terkena invasi Acasia nilotica. F. superba, S. polyanthum, dan C. grewiaefolia ditemukan di hutan pantai sedangkan F. racemosa ditemukan di hutan dataran rendah. Jenis burung frugivora yang teridentifikasi dan diamati perilakunya adalah kangkareng perut-putih dan pergam hijau. Bentuk interaksi yang teridentifikasi pada kedua jenis burung frugivora yaitu netral, kompetisi dan kooperasi.
Keyword: burung frugivora, interaksi, pohon pakan

Judul: Pemurnian dan karakterisasi protein inhibitor RNA helikase virus hepatitis C
Abstrak: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the second most common chronic viral infection in the world with global prevalence. This infection is contribution to chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, often leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. There is no effective drug and vaccine available against HCV. The current standard treatment, a combination of pegylated interferon-α with ribavirin, is limited by its suboptimal response rate in a significant patient population, side effects, and affordability. Therefore, development of effective drug is needed. One approach to find out the candidate of antiviral drug is to discover the inhibitor of enzyme that essential for virus replication, such as RNA helicase. Streptomyces chartreusis 5-095 produce the inhibitor of HCV RNA helicase. The aim of this study was to purify the protein inhibitor which has inhibition activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV from S. chartreusis 5-095. The supernatant of culture S. chartreusis 5-095 exhibited high inhibiton activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV (approximately 72%) at 10 days of incubation. The extracellular protein inhibitor was partially purified by procedures of precipitation with ammonium sulfate to 65% saturation and gel filtration (Sephadex G50) using methanol water solution (4:6) as an eluen. The purity of protein inhibitor was monitored by SDS PAGE. The protein inhibitor showed a relative molecular mass were estimated to be 14 kDa and increased the purity 23,08 fold than those of the crude protein. The specific activity and IC50 after purification were 13,1338 U/mg and 0,0767 mg/mL, respectively. The activity of purified protein inhibitor showed its stability over pH range from 5-8 and optimum at pH 7,4. The inhibition activity showed its stability up to 70% at temperature 100 oC. The purified protein inhibitor relatively stable its activity at storage in the range of -20 oC to room temperature for 35 days.
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