Judul: Analisis Keberhasilan Integrasi Ekonomi Regional di Kawasan ASEAN
Abstrak: ASEAN sebagai integrasi ekonomi regional Asia Tenggara dipercaya memiliki prospek yang cerah untuk mencapai keberhasilan integrasi ekonomi yang kuat. Namun, studi empiris membuktikan bahwa peningkatan perdagangan pasca diterapkannya AFTA dan AEC, cenderung terjadi pada perdagangan Ekstra- ASEAN saja. Hal ini bertolak belakang dengan tujuan implementasi kerja sama ASEAN yaitu untuk meningkatkan ekonomi kawasan dengan menghilangkan hambatan perdagangan antar anggota. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat keberhasilan integrasi ekonomi regional di kawasan ASEAN. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang secara signifikan berpengaruh positif terhadap ekspor Intra-ASEAN adalah GDP riil dan GDP per kapita riil. Selanjutnya untuk jarak geografis dan nilai tukar riil efektif (REER) negara eksportir secara signifikan berpengaruh negatif terhadap ekspor Intra-ASEAN. Hasil perhitungan rasio keberhasilan integrasi menunjukkan bahwa integrasi ekonomi regional di kawasan ASEAN belum tercapai secara sepenuhnya, meskipun potensi untuk mencapai keberhasilan sangat besar.
Keyword: ASEAN, Intra-ASEAN, AFTA, AEC, integrasi ekonomi regional, gravity model

Judul: Analysis of the Influence of the ASEAN Free Trade  Area (AFTA) on the Efficiency of Indonesia's Exports to ASEAN Countries  (period 1992-2020)
Abstrak: Salah satu bentuk integrasi ekonomi regional yang ada dalam ASEAN yaitu ASEAN Free Trade Agreement (AFTA). AFTA diharapkan dapat meningkatkan daya saing ekonomi kawasan regional ASEAN. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan mengetahui apa faktor yang memengaruhi nilai ekspor Indonesia ke ASEAN dan mengestimasi derajat nilai efisiensi ekspor Indonesia ke negara ASEAN. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Stochastic Frontier Gravity Model. Periode dalam penelitian ini adalah tahun 1992-2020 dan sampel diambil dari sembilan negara mitra ASEAN. Nilai efisiensi ekspor Indonesia ke 9 negara anggota ASEAN semenjak disetujuinya perjanjian AFTA ataupun semenjak AFTA resmi diberlakukan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap efisiensi ekspor Indonesia ke 9 negara ASEAN. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan positif terhadap nilai ekspor Indonesia ke ASEAN adalah trade openness, GDP riil Indonesia, GDP riil negara mitra dagang, populasi, nilai tukar riil, dan AFTA. Sementara nilai jarak ekonomi, dan landlocked berhubungan negatif terhadap ekspor Indonesia., One form of regional economic integration in ASEAN is the ASEAN Free Trade Agreement (AFTA). AFTA is expected to increase the economic competitiveness of the ASEAN region. This study aims to determine what factors influence the value of Indonesia's exports to ASEAN and to estimate the degree of efficiency in Indonesia's exports to ASEAN countries. The research method used is the Stochastic Frontier Gravity Model. The period in this study is the years 1992- 2020 and the samples were taken from nine ASEAN partner countries. The value of Indonesia's export efficiency to 9 ASEAN member countries since the approval of the AFTA agreement or since AFTA was officially enforced does not significantly affect the efficiency of Indonesia's exports to 9 ASEAN countries. Factors that are positively related to the value of Indonesia's exports to ASEAN are trade openness, Indonesia's real GDP, real GDP of trading partner countries, population, real exchange rate, and AFTA. Meanwhile, the value of economic distance and landlocked has a negative relationship with Indonesia's exports.
Keyword: ASEAN, exports efficiency, panel data, stochastic frontier gravity  model

Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell