Judul: Pengaruh Suhu Penyimpanan Terhadap Sifat Fisik dan Mekanik Kemasan Plastik Retai
Abstrak: Retail plastisc are commonly used for food and non-food packaging. Retail plastics that used for packaging of fresh product should have good physical and mechanical properties in order to keep the quality of the product. Mechanical properties of plastic packaging are seen from tensile strength and elongation percentage, while physical properties are seen from water vapour permeability and morphology surface. Plastic retail that has good mechanical properties is HDPE and HDPE perforated. Biodegradable plastic has low mechanical and physical properties because of a mixture of tapioca starch. The effect of storage temperatures are reduced the mechanical properties of HDPE and HDPE perforated, especially in low-temperature storages. While storage temperatures does not affect the mechanical properties of biodegradable plastic significantly. Based on morphology surfaces, storage in low temperature will change the surface of biodegradable plastic. Its seen from the increasing number and shape of the granules of starch on the surface of the plastic. Water vapor permeability of HDPE and HDPE perforated increased during the time of storage, while the biodegradable plastic showed a decreased.
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Judul: Characteristics  Testing of Bioplastik Based Packaging for Fresh Products
Abstrak: Produk hortikultura merupakan produk yang mudah mengalami kerusakan yang biasanya dikarenakan oleh penanganan pascapanen yang tidak sesuai terutama pada pengemasan. Kemasan plastik banyak digunakan sebagai bahan kemasan yang popular namun tidak ramah lingkungan. Maka dari itu penggunaannya dapat digantikan dengan bioplastik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji karakteristik dari kemasan bioplastik berbahan dasar pati dan High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) dengan variasi kondisi penyimpanan lalu membandingkan nilai perubahan mutu produk segar terhadap pengaplikasian kemasan selama penyimpanan. Pengujian karakteristik dilakukan dengan memperhatikan parameter Water Vapor Transmission Rate (WVTR) serta sifat mekanik dari kedua jenis kemasan selama penyimpanan 8 jam pada variasi suhu 16 ˚C, 25 ˚C, dan 30 ˚C, dan variasi RH 18%, 51%, 79%, dan 90%. Pengujian perubahan mutu selama pengaplikasian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pisang cavendish dengan memperhatikan parameter laju respirasi, susut bobot, dan perubahan warna serta sifat mekanik dari kemasan setelah dilakukan penyimpanan selama 10 hari dengan variasi suhu 16 ˚C dan 25 ˚C. Pengamatan pada produk dilakukan setiap 2 hari sekali pada penyimpanan hari ke-2, ke-4, ke-6, ke-8, dan ke-10. Hasil dari setiap parameter dibandingkan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dan analisis menggunakan three way ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan nilai WVTR pada kedua kemasan dipengaruhi oleh peningkatan RH lingkungan. Nilai kuat tarik pada kedua kemasan dipengaruhi oleh bahan penyusun masing-masing kemasannya saja, bukan oleh kondisi lingkungan penyimpanannya. Nilai elongasi kedua kemasan dipengaruhi oleh RH lingkungan penyimpanannya yang dapat mengubah sifat dari bahan penyusunnya. Dari pengamatan mutu produk selama penyimpanan 10 hari dapat dinyatakan bahwa pengemasan produk dengan bioplastik hanya dapat mempertahankan mutu visual produk pada penyimpanan suhu rendah., Horticultural products are easily damaged products, usually caused by improper postharvest handling, especially in packaging. Plastic packaging is widely used as a popular packaging material but is not environmentally friendly. Therefore its use can be replaced with bioplastic. This study aims to examine the characteristics of bioplastic packaging made from starch and High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) with variations of storage conditions and to compare the value of quality changes on fresh products to packaging during storage. Characteristic testing was carried out by observing the Water Vapor Transmission Rate (WVTR) parameters and mechanical properties of both types of packaging during 8 hours of storage at temperature variations of 16 ˚C, 25 ˚C, and 30 ˚C, also RH variations of 18%, 51%, 79%, and 90%. Quality change testing was carried out using cavendish bananas by observing the parameters of respiration rate, weight loss, color change, and the mechanical properties of the packaging after being stored for ten days with temperature variations of 16 ˚C and 25 ˚C. Observations on the product were carried out every two days on the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, and 10th day of storage. The results of each parameter were compared using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and analyzed using three-way ANOVA. The results showed that the increase in WVTR value on both packages was affected by an increase in environmental RH. The tensile strength value of both packages is influenced by the constituent materials of each package, not by the environmental conditions of storage. The elongation value of
Keyword: bioplastic, packaging characteristics, packaging, changes in product quality, cavendish bananas

Judul: Mitochondrial DNA Gene Organization and Phylogenetic Relationship of Naja siamensis
Abstrak: Naja siamensis is one of Asiatic cobra in the Family of Elapidae, known as a cryptic snake. It has many morphological variations that lead to misidentification. Misidentification can cause the wrong concept in developing antivenom types due to high snakebite cases occur in Thailand. Thus, an accurate species identification using a molecular approach is crucially required. Mitochondrial DNA has been used widely in snake molecular studies. These studies were aimed to determine the arrangement of the N. siamensis partial mitochondrial genes using reptile-oriented primers and to reveal the phylogenetic relationship among other species of Asian cobra. DNA extraction was carried out based on the standard DNA salting-out protocol and was conducted by bioinformatics analysis using BLASTn and MEGA 6 software. Gene annotation was performed against N. kaouthia complete genome. A total of 3121 bp of N. siamensis mtDNA genes were sequenced consisting of partial of six regions: 16S rRNA, ND1, tRNA-Ile, CRII region, tRNA-Leu, tRNA-Gln, and COI genes. The mtDNA gene organization of N. siamensis was predicted to has a similar pattern with the common Elapidae mtDNA gene organization. This study showed that there is a monophyletic form in Naja genus and N. kaouthia is the closest species with N. siamensis based on partial 16S rRNA and ND1 gene.
Keyword: 16S rRNA, Elapidae, ND1, phylogenetic relationship