Judul: Identification of Fish Species in Surimi Processed Seafood Products by Long Read Sequencing Method.
Abstrak: Produk olahan surimi tidak mencantumkan spesies ikan yang digunakan untuk bahan baku surimi pada label komposisi produk. Bahan baku surimi dikhawatirkan terbuat dari beberapa campuran spesies ikan yang merugikan dan membahayakan konsumen. Penelitian bertujuan mengidentifikasi spesies ikan sebagai bahan baku pada produk olahan komersial berbahan baku surimi menggunakan perbandingan teknologi long read sequencing dan Sanger sequencing. Penelitian dilakukan dengan ekstraksi DNA, amplifikasi DNA dengan PCR, pooling sampel, sekuensing dilakukan dengan dua metode yaitu Sanger sequencing dan Long read sequencing dengan teknologi Nanopore (ONT), serta analisis data bioinformatika. Sekuensing dengan metode Sanger terdeteksi 6 spesies dan sekuensing dengan Nanopore terdeteksi 20 spesies. Nanopore sequencing (ONT) mampu mendeteksi campuran spesies pada produk olahan surimi dengan sekali running. Metode Long read sequencing dengan teknologi terbaru Nanopore (ONT) lebih hemat waktu dan biaya dalam deteksi produk yang mengandung campuran spesies.
Keyword: DNA, PCR, Surimi, Nanopore sequencing, Sanger sequencing

Judul: Identification of Shark and Stingray Species in Processed Seafood Products using the Long-read Sequencing Method
Abstrak: Tren konsumsi daging hiu dan pari yang semakin meningkat tiap tahunnya serta tingginya eksploitasi menyebabkan jumlah populasi hiu dan pari di alam semakin mengalami penyusutan. Identifikasi produk olahan ikan hiu dan pari menggunakan teknik metabarcoding berbasis Long-read Sequencing perlu dilakukan untuk menganalisis berbagai spesies dalam sampel olahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi spesies hiu dan pari sebagai bahan baku produk olahan hasil perikanan komersial mengggunakan teknologi Long-read Sequencing dan Sanger Sequencing. Sampel yang digunakan adalah produk hiu dan pari olahan yang didapat dari daerah Perairan Utara Pulau Jawa. Proses sekuensing dilakukan dengan menggunakan Long-read Sequencing dan diverifikasi dengan Sanger Sequencing. Metode Long-read Sequencing berhasil mengidentifikasi 9 spesies dalam produk campuran (mixed-species). Hasil identifikasi dengan Sanger Sequencing berhasil mengidentifikasi 14 spesies, berupa 7 jenis hiu dan 7 jenis pari. Hasil spesies yang teridentifikasi tersebut menunjukkan terdapat 8 spesies yang terdaftar sebagai terancam keberlanjutannya berdasarkan IUCN Red List. Enam spesies yang teridentifikasi juga terdaftar dalam Apendiks II CITES., The increasing trend in the consumption of shark and ray meat each year, and high exploitation rates, have led to a significant decline in shark and ray populations. Identifying processed shark and ray products using metabarcoding techniques based on Long-read Sequencing is necessary to analyze species in processed samples. This study aimed to identify sharks and rays species used as raw materials in commercial fishery products using Long-read Sequencing and Sanger Sequencing technologies. The samples used included processed shark and ray products obtained from the Northern Waters of Java Island. The sequencing process was carried out using Long-read Sequencing and verified with Sanger Sequencing. The Long-read Sequencing method successfully identified 9 species in mixed products. Identification results with Sanger Sequencing successfully identified 14 species, comprising 7 shark species and 7 ray species. The identified species indicated that 8 species are listed as threatened according to the IUCN Red List. Additionally, 6 of the identified species are listed in Appendix II CITES.
Keyword: sequencing, hiu, long-read, pari, sanger

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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