Judul: Uji Lengos Menggunakan Cacing Tanah Lumbricus sp. dan Eisenia sp. untuk Mendeteksi Benomil pada Lingkungan Terestrial
Abstrak: Many researches on avoidance test have been carried out for detecting pollutant presence in environment but it still need more researches to improve its validity and effectivity. This research studied the avoidance test for detecting benomyl in terrestrial environment using earthworms, Lumbricus sp. and Eisenia sp. as animal test. Earthworms were tested with 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 ppm benomyl concentration in 0, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours exposure. Lumbricus sp. avoided to artificial media with 6 ppm benomyl after 48 hours exposure, meanwhile Eisenia sp. avoided to artificial media with 6 ppm benomyl after 72 hours exposure. The number of earthworms avoid the artificial media increased as the increase in benomyl concentration and exposure duration. Statisticaly, benomyl concentration have no effect to earthworms avoidance response but exposure time showed significant effect. Lumbricus sp. responded the media containing benomyl more sensitive than Eisenia sp. did. There is no death to both species of earthworms during the experiment.
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Judul: Uji lengos cacing tanah untuk mendeteksi  imidakloprid pada ekosistem terestrial
Abstrak: Avoidance test is used to detect pollutant in terrestrial environment by using behaviour of test organism in detecting changes in physical and chemistry of their environment. Avoidance behaviour of two earthworm spesies (Eisenia foetida and Pheretima asiatica) will be used to evaluate the potency of the test with imidacloprid as pollutant model. With chemoreseptor on their prostomium and at anterior segment, earthworm can detect chemical compound in their environment. The influence of concentration and exposure duration of imidacloprid, and also their interaction to the earthworm behaviour in avoiding imidacloprid were studied in this research. This experiment was conducted by using a box of glass divided into two chambers with a separator. One chamber was filled with control media and the other was filled with treatment media. After the separator was lifted out, ten adult earthworm were placed between two chambers. After 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours of exposure, the earthworms were counted in each chamber. One control, three subletal concentration, and letal concentration were applied for this experiment. They were 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 ppm for E. foetida and 0, 2.2, 4.3, 6.5 and 8.63 ppm for P. asiatica. Each experiments were carried out with five replicates. Avoidance response from imidacloprid was displayed only by E. foetida. This species did not like the presence of imidacloprid in subletal concentrations by avoiding it and move to control media. This respon could be observed within 24-48 hours. This respon could not be observed in P. asiatica. This was due to the nature of the earthworm which are very active in locomotion. Besides they were less sensitive to imidacloprid than E. foetida, so that P. asiatica was an improper organism to be used as a test organism. Even though the results of this experiment was not so convincing, this test should not be abandoned completely as a method to detect pollutant in terrestrial environment since when using E. foetida the results are quite good.
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Judul: Peranan Jasa Transportasi dalam  Menunjang Pembangunan Wilayah  Kaitannya dengan Pelaksanaan  Otonomi Daerah di Provinsi Papua  Khususnya Kabupaten Jayapura
Abstrak: Ketimpangan pembangunan yang terjadi selama Orde Baru telah memicu disintegrasi bangsa, salah satu daerah yang diisukan terancam disintegrasi sebagai akibat ketimpangan pembangunan pada reszim orde baru adalah Provinsi Papua, sehingga untuk meredam aspirasi disintgrasi, dimasa reformasi Provinsi Papua ditetapkan sebagai daerah yang menerima Otonomi Khusus. Dengan adanya otonomi khusus ini diharapkan pemerintah daerah lebih leluasa mengabil kebijakan yang disesuaikan dengan aspirasi dan prioritas permasalahan yang dihadapi masyarakat.
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