Judul: Karakteristik Fermentasi Silase Daun Singkong (Manihot esculenta Crantz) dengan Aditif Gliserol dan Ekstrak Tanin Chesnut
Abstrak: Cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) productivity has a big potential to be valuable protein supplement for ruminant. However, due to the abundant availability when crop, cassava leaves requires a storage technology to maintain its nutritious composition. The one of better way is by ensilage. The ensiling process of cassava leaves required additives because its low content of WSC. Additives used in this present study were glycerol and chesnut tannin extract. Meta-analysis of glycerol supplementation in vitro did to support the hypothesis regarding of glycerol usage to substitute energy source as silage additives. This study aimed to evaluate the glycerol supplementation on rumen fermentation characteristics in vitro by quantitatively meta-analysis, to evaluate the fermentation characteristics of cassava leaves silage with glycerol and chestnut tannin extract additives during ensilage and in vitro gas production. Meta-analysis quantitatively was applied to 13 experiments and 42 treatments dealing with glycerol supplementation in ruminant. Data were estimated by linear regression of each parameter and analyzed by general linier model procedure with glycerol levels as fixed effect. Data for both fermentation characteristics of cassava leaves silage and its in vitro gas production were analyzed using analysis of variance then significant means were separated using Duncan multiple range F-test. Cassava leaves was ensiled using four different types of additive on the laboratory-scale silo. They were control (without additive, S0), glycerol 3% DM (SG), chesnut tannin 3% DM (ST), and mix of glycerol 3% DM and chesnut tannin 3% DM (SGT). Parameters on meta-analysis and in vitro gas production study were in vitro digestibility, rumen fermentation characteristics and total gas production. Parameters on silage study were nutrient composition, organic acids and N-NH3 concentration. Glycerol supplementation on meta-analysis quantitatively did not affect the in vitro digestibility and total VFA. Total VFA insignificantly showed propiogenic characteristics. It significantly decreased molar proportion of acetate and iso-valerate. In contrast, molar proportion of propionate, butyrate and valerate significantly increased, and thus the ratio of acetate to propionate became declined linearly. Methane production decreased linearly although the total gas production significantly increased as an increasing levels of glycerol supplementation but showed low enteric methane and no effect for microbial protein production. Every single cassava leaves silages in present study showed well-preserved quality depended on high concentration of lactic acid, not detected butyric acid, low concentration of N-NH3 although the pH value slightly higher. In addition, the well-preserved quality also supported by a low reduction of OM content (about 0.2%) and not changed CP content in silage between week 0 and 4. Rumen fermentation characteristics of cassava leaves silage by in vitro gas production showed an increasing IVOMD and total VFA production between week 0 and 4, but the silage treatment was not significant on each week. Glycerol as silage additive at week 0 showed propiogenic properties but not appeared on SG and SGT week 4. Contrary, the main properties of chesnut tannin was shown on in vitro gas production of ST and SGT week 4 that reduced proportion of N-NH3 and iso-acid production related to amino acid degradation. Based on results, it can be concluded that meta-analysis
Keyword: chesnut tannin, glycerol, in vitro, Manihot esculenta Crantz, silage

Judul: Karakteristik Fermentasi Rumen dan Performa Domba Teradaptasi yang Diberi Pakan Silase Daun Singkong (Manihot esculenta sp.) dengan Taraf Berbeda
Abstrak: This experiment aimed to study the effect of provision of cassava leaves silage (CLS) as substitution for concentrate on rumen fermentation characteristics and performance of Javanesse Thin Tail Sheep. The experimental design used was block randomized design (4x4) using 16 male sheep of nine months old with body weight of 15.36 ± 2.59 kg and they were placed in the individual metabolic cage. The treatments were T0 (100% of napier grass), T1 (60% napier grass + 40% concentrate), T2 (60% napier grass + 20% concentrate + 20% CLS), and T3 (60% napier grass + 40% CLS). The results showed that provision of cassava leaves silage in the rations decreased (P<0.05) nutrient digestibility but increased (P<0.05) energy and protein consumption and rumen fermentability. Provision of CLS at level 20% (T2) had average daily gain, EPP, and IOFC similar to those of 40% concentrate treatment (T1). Provision of CLS at level 40% (T3) had average daily gain, EPP, and IOFC significantly lower (P<0.05) than those of 20% CLS and 40% concentrate treatment. It is concluded that CLS can be given at level of 20% of total ration which is equal to 50% concentrate. Feeding sheep only with napier grass do not fulfill their nutrient requirement for proper growth.
Keyword: Sheep, Rumen Fermentation Characteristics, Performance, Cassava Leaves Silage

Judul: Arsitektur Strategi Bisnis Dokumentasi Pernikahan pada Iphotobride Wedding
Abstrak: Iphotobride merupakan sebuah perusahaan dokumentasi pernikahan yang berdiri pada tahun 2017 yang berlisensi HIPDI (Himpunan Pengusaha Dokumentasi Indonesia). Berawal dari dokumentasi wisuda lalu mulai melebarkan sayap ke industri dokumentasi pernikahan, dengan jasa yang ditawarkan meliputi dari acara engagement, prewedding, wedding, post wedding hingga kehamilan dan tasyakuran. Iphotobride mampu berkembang menjadi vendor favorit pasangan di Jabodetabek dengan menyajikan konsep foto dan video yang bercerita romantis, intim dan berwarna cerah. Iphotobride selalu berusaha dengan memberikan kualitas dan pelayanan terbaik di setiap pra hingga pasca produksi. Pada awal pembentukan pertamanya pada April 2017, iphotobride merupakan nama dari pecahan dari Iphotograph, nama tersebut diambil dari istilah bahasa asing yaitu i yang berarti saya, dan photography adalah fotografi atau memfoto yang bermakna saya yang memfoto, dalam artian ini juga bermakna pada iphotobride yang berarti saya memfoto pengantin. Awal mulanya Iphotobride hanya punya empat orang dalam tim, dengan tiga diantaranya didalamnya tim adalah perempuan, dengan alat dokumentasi seadanya yang dipunya dengan nilai value tidak lebih dari 15 juta. Hingga saat tahun 2020 awal Iphotobride terus berkembang menjadi vendor yang diminati para calon pengantin, dan tim yang ada berjumlah sebelas orang. Iphotobride memiliki kantor pusat yang beralamat di Kebun Raya Residence Green Park Cluster no 40 Kecamatan Bogor Barat. Dalam pasar dokumentasi pernikahan di Jabodetabek, Iphotobride berada di posisi menengah, dengan rentang harga mulai dari 4-10 juta rupiah untuk sekali proyek atau sewa jasa di pernikahan, biasanya karakteristik konsumen hingga calon konsumen Iphotobride rata rata adalah pasangan muda-mudi berusia antara 21 sd 25 tahun, dengan latar belakang pekerjaan adalah pegawai swasta dan pegawai negeri sipil, konsumen dan calon konsumen Iphotobride menghubungi secara langsung melalui media komunikasi daring whatsapp. Pradiani (2017) mengungkapkan bahwa dengan daring marketing komunikasi dan transaksi dapat dilakukan setiap waktu/real time serta mampu menjangkau hingga penjuru dunia. Adapun kompetitor sejenis di posisi atau segmen yang sama dengan Iphotobride terbilang sangat banyak, dalam penentuan posisi pasar biasanya vendor kelas menengah dicirikan dengan banyaknya pengikut dan postingan di sosial media terutama di Instagram. Sejak adanya pandemi covid-19 menyerang Indonesia pada pertengahan Maret 2020, Iphotobride kehilangan banyak calon pelanggan dan pemasukan yang didapat berkurang drastis, karena selama tiga sampai empat bulan berturut turut tidak ada proyek yang dikerjakan, sehingga menuntut manajemen iphotobride mengecilkan skala prioritas dan memangkas jumlah staf yang awalnya sebelas orang kini hanya terdiri tiga orang yang dimana dua orang tersebut hanya dijadikan sebatas freelance, dalam artian dua orang freelance tersebut berhak untuk mengambil projek lain di luar iphotobride, dikarenakan iphotobride sudah tidak mampu untuk menggaji staf secara rutin akibat pandemi covid-19, meskipun lambat laun Iphotobride kembali mulai bangkit dan membangun sistem bisnis yang baru, namun hal tersebut terkadang masih terhambat oleh kebijakan pemerintah tentang regulasi covid-19 serta naik-turunnya kasus positif yang tidak menentu di Indonesia berimbas pada ketidakpastian para calon konsumen untuk melangsungkan pernikahan atau acara lainnya dalam waktu dekat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan strategi bisnis dokumentasi pernikahan yang dapat diterapkan bagi perusahaan Iphotobride di masa depan. Responden pada penelitian ini terdiri dari 8 responden konsumen yang terpilih dengan menggunakan purposive sampling, 5 internal perusahaan dan 3 mitra perusahaan dari tahun 2019 hingga 2021. Jenis penelitian
Keyword: Arsitektur Strategi, Matrix IE, QSPM, SWOT