Judul: Modifikasi Model Rataan Bergerak Terboboti Eksponensial Untuk Menduga Volatilitas Saham di Bursa Efek Indonesia (Studi Kasus: Indeks LQ45).
Abstrak: Accurate volatility modeling is an important issue in finance. A common approach to estimate the volatility of asset returns is to use an exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) model, a special case of general autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) model with optimized smoothing weights. The standard EWMA estimator is based on the maximum likelihood estimator of the variance of normal distribution, and is thus optimal when the returns are conditionally normal. Financial asset returns are well-known to be non-normal and leptokurtic. In this research, we propose an alternative EWMA estimator that is robust to leptokurtosis in the conditional distribution of returns. The estimator is based on the maximum likelihood estimator of variance of the power exponential distribution. It is a function of an EWMA of the absolute value of past returns, rather than their squares. The aim of this paper is to compare forecasting performance of this newly developed estimator named Power EWMA with EWMA and GARCH. The data used in this research are daily closing stock prices of LQ45 index in the period of 2002-2011. We found that the Power EWMA has the best performance of the three models with respect to root mean square forecast error.
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Judul: Implementation methods of ARCH/GARCH model at closing price of stock in indonesian stock exchange period 2005-2013
Abstrak: Saham merupakan bukti kepemilikan seseorang terhadap suatu Perseroan Terbatas. Harga saham bergerak secara fluktuatif setiap harinya sehingga menyebabkan terjadinya volatilitas. Volatilitas merupakan sebuah pola ragam dari deret waktu, khususnya deret waktu keuangan dan disebut tidak stasioner karena keragamannya yang tidak konstan. Kondisi tersebut memungkinkan terjadinya heteroskedastisitas yang menyebabkan perlu dianalisis lebih lanjut setelah melakukan pemodelan ARIMA Box-Jenskin yaitu memodelkan ragam dengan menggunakan metode Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (ARCH) dan Generalized Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) yang diperkenalkan oleh Robert Engle dan Tim Bollerslev untuk mengatasi masalah heteroskedastisitas. Dari hasil pemodelan data harga penutupan saham diperoleh model terbaik yaitu model rataan ARIMA(1,1,2) dan model ragam GARCH(1,1) yaitu Zt = 1.9999Zt-1 – 0.9999Zt-2 + 0.9072et-1 – 0.0897et-2 + εt. Hal ini berarti ragamnya dipengaruhi oleh kuadrat sisaan dan ragam bersyarat satu periode yang lalu. Hasil dari validasi model didapatkan nilai MAPE sebesar 1.31% dan nilai MAD sebesar 63.8411 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa model yang dihasilkan valid. Kata kunci : ARCH, GARCH, heteroskedastisitas, volatilitas., Stock is proof of person’s ownership to a limited company liability. Stock prices have daily fluctuate moves basis thus causing volatility. Volatility is a variances pattern of time series, especially financial time series, and then that is not stationary causing the variances are not constant. These condition allow for heteroscedasticity, and then need further analysis after doing ARIMA Box-Jenskin’s modeling then doing variances modeling with Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (ARCH) and Generelized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) introduced by Robert Engle and Tim Bollerslev to solve the problem of heteroscedasticity. From the results of closing prices data modeling we get ARIMA(1,1,2) for the best mean model and GARCH(1,1) for the best variance model. This means that the variances are affected by square residuals and conditional variance. The results obtained from the model validation MAPE value is 1.31% and MAD value is 63.8411 so it can be concluded that the resulting model is valid. Keywords : ARCH, GARCH, heteroscedasticity, volatility
Keyword: ARCH, GARCH, heteroskedastisitas, volatilitas

Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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