Judul: Formulasi Snack Bar Rendah Gluten dan Sumber Protein Berbahan Tepung Ikan Lele, Kelor dan Pati Sagu
Abstrak: Bahan makanan yang tidak mengandung gluten dan kasein adalah bahan makanan yang dianjurkan bagi anak penyandang autis. Namun demikian, kebutuhan protein anak autis tetap harus dipenuhi untuk mendukung pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tubuhnya secara optimal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan produk snack bar cokelat yang rendah gluten dan sumber protein berbahan tepung lele, tepung kelor, dan pati sagu. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga formula berdasarkan rasio tepung pati sagu dan tepung kelor yaitu F1 (5:1), F2 (2:1), dan F3 (1:1). Penentuan formula terpilih dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan persen penerimaan panelis pada semua atribut. Sifat fisik snack bar cokelat terpilih (F1) memiliki nilai aktivitas air (aw) sebesar 0,592 dan nilai kekerasan sebesar 392 gf. Kandungan gizi F1 antara lain protein 14,65 gram (%bb), lemak 23,38 gram (%bb), karbohidrat 44,61 gram (%bb), energi 447 kkal per 100 gram, dan gluten 24,03 mg/kg. Takaran saji snack bar cokelat sebesar 45g memberikan kontribusi energi sebesar 10,1%-14,4% terhadap Angka Kecukupan Gizi anak usia 6-12 tahun; dan Snack bar cokelat ini dapat di klaim sebagai sumber protein dan rendah gluten., Non-gluten and non-casein food are strongly recommended for children with autism. Nevertheless, the protein requirement of autim children must be adequate to support optimal growth and development of their bodies. The aims of this study was to develop a chocolate snack bar product made from catfish flour, moringa flour, and sago starch which is low in gluten and a protein source. The completely randomized of experimental design was applied with three formulas based on the ratio of sago starch and moringa flour, i.e. F1 (5:1), F2 (2:1), and F3 (1:1). The selected formula determined by considering the percent acceptance of the panelists on all attributes of product was F1. The physical properties of the selected chocolate snack bar (F1) were 0,592 water activity (aw) value and 392 gf hardness value. The selected formula F1 contained protein 14,65g (%ww), fat 23,38g (%ww), carbohydrates 44,61g (%ww), energy 447 kcal per 100g, and gluten 24,03 mg/kg. The serving size of the chocolate snack bar was 45g; with 10,1%-14,4% contribution of energy adequacy ratio of children aged 6-12 years, and this chocolate snack bars can be claimed as a source of protein and low gluten.
Keyword: autism, catfish flour, chocolate snack bar, moringa flour, sago flour

Judul: Formulasi Pasta Berbasis Pati Ganyong (Canna edulis Kerr) sebagai Pangan Alternatif untuk Anak dengan Sindrom Autisme
Abstrak: Meningkatnya prevalensi penyandang autisme menimbulkan kekhawatiran bagi masyarakat luas. Apabila anak dengan sindrom autisme terlambat ditangani, maka kondisinya dapat semakin parah dan akan menyebabkan anak tersebut gagal mengembangkan kemampuan sosial dan komunikasinya. Salah satu penanganan yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi gejala-gejala yang timbul pada penyandang autisme tersebut adalah dengan pengaturan makannya, melalui penerapan diet bebas gluten dan kasein. Tujuan penelitian ini, yaitu untuk membuat inovasi produk sebagai pangan alternatif bebas gluten dan kasein yang diperuntukkan bagi anak dengan sindrom autisme, berupa produk pasta yang berfungsi sebagai makanan pokok. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan merupakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga formulasi, yaitu F1 yang memiliki rasio pati ganyong dan tepung beras sebesar 50:50, F2 sebesar 60:40, dan F3 sebesar 70:30. Penentuan formula terpilih dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan hasil uji organoleptik dan kandungan gizi produk hingga diperoleh pasta F3 sebagai formula terpilih. Kandungan energi pasta formula terpilih sebesar 152.10 kkal, dengan protein sebesar 0.81 gram (%b/b), lemak 0.34 gram (%b/b), dan karbohidrat total 36.54 gram (%b/b) per takaran saji (130 gram). Kontribusi satu takaran saji pasta ganyong (F3) menyumbang energi sebesar 7.24-9.51%, protein 1.34-2.30%, lemak 0.47-0.55%, dan karbohidrat 12.64-16.61% untuk pasta tanpa saus, serta kontribusi pasta dengan saus, yaitu 10.81-14.20% energi, protein 6.01- 10.30%, lemak 5.47-6.36%, dan karbohidrat 15.34-20.16% terhadap AKG anak usia sekolah.
Keyword: autisme, pasta, pati ganyong, tepung beras

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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