Judul: In Vitro Development Of Pancreatic Beta Cells Of Rat (Rattus Norvegicus) In Culture Medium Supplemented By Black Seed (Nigella Sativa) Extract
Abstrak: Nigella sativa (black seed) is a medicinal plant that is widely used for treating various diseases, including diabetes mellitus. This study examined the proliferation and differentiation of pancreatic β cells of rats (Rattus norvegicus) after in vitro culture in medium supplemented by Nigella sativa extracts (NS). Pancreatic cells were isolated from five days old rat (Rattus norvegicus) and cultured in dulbecco modified eagle medium suplemented with Nigella sativa (NS) exstract (NS 0% [control], NS 1%, and NS 10% for treatment groups). The cell were incubated in 5 % CO2 incubator at 37 oC for seven days and observed cell population doubling time (PDT), percentage and diameter of Langerhans islets, and percentage of expression the β cell producing insulin in Langerhans islets after dithizone staining. The result showed that NS significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the population doubling time (4.66 ± 0.24, 3.98 ± 0.20, and 3.66 ± 0.21 days for NS 0%, NS 1%, and NS 10%, respectively), increased the percentage of Langerhans islets (6.00 ± 1.80, 14.33 ± 3.01, and 18.67 ± 1.25% for NS 0%, NS 1%, and NS 10%, respectively), increased the diameter of Langerhans islets (66.11 ± 2.09, 101.66 ± 0.83, and 142.77 ± 1.73 μm for NS 0%, NS 1%, and NS 10%, respectively), and increased the percentage of expression the β cell producing insulin (4.67 ± 0.57, 9.67 ± 2.08, and 17.33 ± 3.21% for NS 0%, NS 1%, and NS 10%, respectively). It was concluded that the supplementation of NS in culture medium can improve the proliferation and differentiation of pancreatic cells in vitro.
Keyword: development, in vitro culture, Nigella sativa, pancreatic β cells

Judul: Profil sel beta Pulau Langerhans Pada Tikus Diabetes Mellitus yang Diberi Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pemberian minyak kelapa murni atau virgin coconut oil (VCO) terhadap jumlah sel beta dan pulau Langerhans pada jaringan pankreas tikus. Sebanyak 25 ekor tikus putih jantan (Rattus norvegicus) galur Sprague Dawley digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Tikus dibagi menjadi lima kelompok perlakuan, yaitu (1) Kontrol negatif (K-),(2)Kontrol positif (K+, tikus diabetes mellitus dan dicekok aquadest 5 ml), (3) Kelompok tikus diabetes mellitus dan dicekok VCO A (VA) sebanyak 5 ml, (4) Kelompok tikus yang dicekok VCO B (VB) sebanyak 5 ml, (5) Kelompok tikus diabetes mellitus dan dicekok minyak goreng (MG) sebanyak 5 ml. Semua kelompok perlakuan diinduksi alloxan dengan dosis 110 mg/kgBB (IP) untuk mendapatkan kondisi diabetes mellitus kecuali pada kelompok kontrol negatif (K-). Perlakuan diberikan selama 28 hari. Organ pankreas disampling di akhir perlakuan kemudian diproses dengan metode embedding parafin. Potongan jaringan diwarnai dengan Hematoxillin-Eosin (HE) terhadap morfologi umum pankreas dan jumlah pulau Langerhans serta pewarnaan immunohistokimia terhadap sel β pada pulau Langerhans. Jaringan pankreas kelompok perlakuan K+ dan MG memiliki jumlah sel yang mengalami degenerasi dan nekrosa lebih banyak bila dibandingkan dengan jaringan pankreas kelompok perlakuan VA dan VB. Jumlah pulau Langerhans pada kelompok perlakuan VA, VB, dan MG menunjukkan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata dengan kontrol positif. Sedangkan jumlah sel beta kelompok perlakuan VA (22.78 ± 7.08b) dan VB (18.89 ± 8.27b) lebih tinggi secara nyata (p<0.05) dibandingkan jumlah sel β pada kelompok kontrol positif (10.11 ± 6.95a) Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa VCO mampu menghambat laju kerusakan sel β jaringan pankreas tikus diabetes mellitus The aim of this research is to evaluate the effect of virgin coconut oil on the number of betacells and the is lets of Langer hansin the pancreatictis sueodiabetic rats. A total of 25 white male rats (Rattus norvegicus), Sprague Dawley were used for this study. These rats were dividedin to 5 groups; (1) Negative control (group K-), (2) Positive control (group K+, diabetic rats which was orally treated with aquadest 5ml), (3) Diabetes mellitus group which was orally treated with VCOA 5ml(VA), (4) Diabetes mellitus group which was orally treated with VCOB 5ml (VB), (5) Diabetes mellitus which was orally treated with coconut oil 5ml(MG). Therats of all group was injected by all oxan (IP, 110mg/kgBW) to get diabetic condition, except for the negative control. Treatments were done for 28 days. The pancreas tissues were obtained at the end of the treatment and processed using paraffin embedding methods. The tissues were stained with Hematoxillin-Eosin for morphological study and analysis of the number of Langer hansis lets, as well asimmunohistochemical staining for betacells analysis. The pancreatic tissues of positive control group showed the number of degenerating and necrotizing cell shigher than that of VA and VB group. The number of the is lets of Langer hanson the group so fVA, VB and MG were not significantly different compared to that of positive control group. However, the number of betacells of VA group (22.78±7.08b)andVBgroup(18.89±8.27b)weresignificantlyhigher(p<0.05)thanthatofpositivecontrolgroup(10.11±6.95a).ThisstudyshowedthatVCOtreatmentinhibittherateofpancreaticβ cellsdamage. K eywords: Virgincoconutoil, diabetes mellitus, betacells, isletsof Langerhans,rats
Keyword: Beta cells, Diabetes mellitus, Pancreatic

Judul: Studi yuridis formal bagi posisi Indonesia dalam sengketa blok ambalat di perairan laut Sulawesi
Abstrak: Indonesia memiliki 17.504 pulau dan merupakan begara maritim terbesar dunia. Hal tersebut memberikan suatu tantangan tersendiri bagi Indonesia, di antaranya mengenai masalah pulau terluar yang terdapat memicu konflik perbatasan. Konflik Blok Ambalat merupakan konflik yang terjadi antara Indonesia dengan Malaysia.
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