Judul: Produksi Statin melalui Fermentasi Padat Aspergillus tamarii menggunakan Media Beras Merah dan Gandum
Abstrak: Golongan obat statin merupakan senyawa penghambat HMG-KoA reduktase yang dapat mencegah penyakit hiperkolesterolemia. Jamur berfilamen seperti Aspergillus berpotensi menghasilkan metabolit sekunder golongan statin melalui fermentasi media padat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dan menganalisis metabolit produk fermentasi media padat Aspergillus tamarii dalam meningkatkan produksi senyawa statin. Media padat beras merah dan gandum digunakan dalam proses fermentasi Aspergillus tamarii dan ekstrak metabolit dilakukan menggunakan maserasi. Hasil analisis KLT ekstrak metanol dan nheksana untuk media beras merah serta campuran beras merah dan gandum menunjukkan keberadaan simvastatin. Analisis LCMS ekstrak metanol media beras merah, gandum, serta campuran beras merah dan gandum teridentifikasi sebanyak 22 senyawa dengan golongan tertinggi kelompok asam amino dan tidak menunjukkan keberadaan simvastatin.
Keyword: Aspergillus tamarii, solid state fermentation, statin

Judul: Profil kromatografi lapis tipis dan LC-MS/MS metabolit sekunder hasil fermentasi bekatul dan gandum dengan Aspergillus tamarii
Abstrak: Globalisasi menyebabkan peningkatan populasi dunia dan juga resistensi terhadap obat-obatan. Hal ini menyebabkan adanya dorongan untuk mengembangkan obat baru. Fungi menghasilkan metabolit sekunder yang bermacam-macam termasuk beragam obat obat yang secara klinis sangat penting. Aspergillus tamarii telah dilaporkan sebagai penghasil metabolit sekunder dengan sifat bioaktivitas berbeda tetapi penelitian tentang analisis profil metabolit sekunder fermentasi dengan Aspergillus tamarii di Indonesia belum pernah dilakukan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian bertujuan analisis profil kromatografi lapis tipis dan LC-MS metabolit sekunder hasil fermentasi bekatul dan gandum dengan Aspergillus tamarii. Penelitian dilakukan fermentasi dengan Aspergillus tamarii strain IPBCC 880066. Analisis kromatografi lapis tipis dilakukan dalam penentuan kondisi optimum fermentasi dimana hasil KLT menunjukkan nilai Rf yang baik pada kondisi suhu inkubasi 25oC, waktu inkubasi 14 hari, dan persentase kelembaban 40%. Analisis LC-MS dalam identifikasi senyawa hasil fermentasi pada kondisi optimum menunjukkan fermentasi bekatul dan gandum dengan Aspergillus tamarii menghasilkan senyawa N-(2-hidroksipropil)-2-metilakrilamida dan N6-[(benziloksi)karbonil]-L-lisin.
Keyword: Aspergillus tamarii, chromatography, rice bran, solid state fermentation

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite