Judul: Produksi Biohidrogel Berbasis Pati Karboksimetil-Kitosan dan -Alginat.
Abstrak: Biohidrogel merupakan rantai polimer organik yang memiliki struktur tiga dimensi, bersifat hidrofilik, dan mampu mempertahankan sejumlah air di dalam matriksnya. Biohidrogel diproduksi dari pati karboksimetil (CMS) menggunakan teknik kopolimerisasi grafting dengan asam metakrilat dan inisiator cerric amonium nitrate (CAN). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pengaruh penambahan selulosa karboksimetil (CMC) sebagai penguat matriks biohidrogel dan jenis kopolimer (kitosan atau alginat) terhadap parameter grafting dan karakteristik produk biohidrogel yang dihasilkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis kopolimer tidak mempengaruhi nilai parameter grafting dan karakteristik biohidrogel, sedangkan penambahan CMC meningkatkan nilai fraksi gel. Nilai parameter grafting terbaik diperoleh pada rasio CMS:CMC 10:2 (b/b) dengan grafting yield 2.12%, grafting efficiency 78.57%, dan konversi monomer 12.28% untuk biohidrogel berbasis CMS-kitosan, serta grafting yield 2.70%, grafting efficiency 73.89%, dan konversi monomer 16.67% untuk biohidrogel berbasis CMS-alginat. Karakteristik biohidrogel berbasis CMS-kitosan terbaik diperoleh pada rasio CMS:CMC 11:1 (b/b) dengan fraksi gel 75.47%, kelarutan 24.53%, swelling power 89.15 kali (b/b), daya serap air 9015.23%, dan daya serap minyak 104.50%. Karakteristik terbaik produk biohidrogel berbasis CMS-alginat diperoleh pada rasio CMS:CMC 10:2 (b/b) yaitu fraksi gel 78.27% dan kelarutan 21.73%; Swelling power 79.00 kali (b/b), daya serap air 7999.66%, dan daya serap minyak 106.58% diperoleh pada rasio CMS:CMC 12:0 (b/b).
Keyword: alginat, biohidrogel, kitosan, kopolimerisasi grafting, pati karboksimetil, selulosa karboksimetil

Judul: Produksi Biohidrogel Berbasis Carboxymethyl Starch - Kitosan.
Abstrak: Hydrogel is a three dimensional polymeric structure which has an ability to absorb and retain water within its structure. Hydrogel can be derived from natural and synthetic polymers. The natural polymers are usually biocampatible and biodegradable thus they do not produce adverse effects. The objective of this research is to analyze the effect of methacrylic acid concentration towards grafting parameter and biohydrogel properties which derived from carboxymethyl starch. Sago and tapioca were used as the raw material of carboxymethyl starch. The grafting process of methacrylic acid onto backbone polymer occured as a consequence of generating radical functional gruops, either in backbone polymer or in methacrylic acid itself. The grafting process had successfully occured based on Fourier Transform Infrared spectra analysis. The best grafting yield, grafting efficiency, and monomer conversion achieved with using 0,550 g/g methacrylic acid. Swelling, solubility, and water absorbtion property of biohydrogel are affected by methacrylic acid concentration. Meanwhile, oil absorbtion property is not affected by methacrylic acid concentration.
Keyword: biohydrogel, carboxymethyl starch, chitosan, grafting

Judul: Ragam jenis ektoparasit burung tekukur (Streptopelia chinensis) dan burung puter (Streptopelia bitorquata) di penangkaran
Abstrak: Spotted dove and Javan turtle dove are the bird species that are easily raised in captivity. Nevertheless, good management is required to successfully breed and raise the birds in captivity; otherwise, the condition may endanger the sustainability of the two bird species. Information on ectoparasites on the bodies of this bird as well as their captivity breeding has not been available, although admittedly taking ectoparasites from these bird families has much been done so that a research is obviously needed. This study aimed to find out various kinds of Spotted dove and Javan turtle dove ectoparasites and to learn various kinds of parasitic insects around the Spotted dove and Javan turtle dove cages. The study was conducted from April to June 2010. The methods of data collection included the general condition of the location, collection of ectoparasites specimens, processing and specimens identification. The data analysis was done descriptively and tabulated with the degree of infestation. The kinds of ectoparasites from the class of insects found in the body of Spotted dove were Goniocotes sp. and Columbicola columbae of phthiraptera order and Pseudolynchia canariensis of diptera order, and arachnida class, that is, tungau from the pterolichidae family. In terms of ectoparasites, Spotted dove and Javan turtle dove were similar, except that Javan turtle dove had no Pseudolynchia canariensis. Goniocotes sp. and Columbicola columbae were mallopaga order (biting lice) and were obligate. The kinds of parasitic insects in the vicinity of Spotted dove and Javan turtle dove cages were from the Ordo Diptera. The diptera classified as parasites included Anopheles, Culex, Psychodidae, Culicoides and Simulium, most of them vectors of disease. The presence of ectoparasites was closely related to how a breeding place is managed.
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