Judul: Penambahan Probiotik Cair Ke Dalam Ransum Berbasis Jerami Padi Dan Konsentrat Dengan Taraf Protein Dan Energi Yang Berbeda
Abstrak: Jerami padi merupakan produk limbah pertanian yang dapat digunakan untuk pakan ternak ruminansia, namun dibatasi kadar SK dan silika yang cukup tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari efek penambahan probiotik cair terhadap fermentasi dan kecernaan pada teknik in vitro ransum berbasis jerami padi dan konsentrat dengan kadar protein dan energi yang berbeda. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok berpola faktorial 4×2. Faktor A : ransum yang mengandung JP dan konsentrat (60%:40%); A1 = ransum 11% PK dan 60% TDN, A2 = ransum 11% PK dan 65% TDN, A3 = ransum 14% PK dan 60% TDN, A4 = ransum 14% PK dan 65% TDN. Faktor B : Perlakuan Probiotik; B1 = tanpa probiotik, B2 = probiotik cair (0.50% v.b-1). Peubah yang diamati: konsentrasi NH3 dan VFA total, populasi bakteri total, populasi protozoa, sintesis protein mikroba, degradabilitas bahan kering dan organik serta kecernaan bahan kering dan organik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi NH3 dan VFA total, degradabilitas bahan kering dan organik, serta kecernaan bahan kering dan organik dipengaruhi oleh perlakuan ransum. Populasi bakteri total dipengaruhi oleh perlakuan ransum dan suplementasi probiotik, namun kedua perlakuan tersebut tidak mempengaruhi populasi protozoa dan sintesis protein mikroba. Ransum dengan taraf PK 14% dan TDN 65% merupakan perlakuan yang paling optimal.
Keyword: fermentasi, jerami padi, kecernaan, konsentrat, probiotik cair

Judul: Fermentabilitas dan Kecernaan in vitro Ransum Berbasis Jerami Padi dan Konsentrat yang Disuplementasi dengan Probiotik Padat atau Cair.
Abstrak: This study was aimed at examining effects of rice straw-based feed and concentrate supplemented with solid or liquid probiotic on in vitro fermentation and digestibility. This study consisted of two factors; Factor A : feed treatment with a ratio 60:40% of a mixture of rice straw (RS) and concentrate; A1 = RS + control concentrate (10% CP), A2 = RS + optimal concentrate (12% CP), A3 = RS + suboptimal concentrate (14% CP). Factor B : probiotic treatment; B1 = without probiotic (0%), B2 = solid probiotic (0.25% b/b), B3 = liquid probiotic (0.10% v/b). A factorial randomized block design (RBD) 3 x 3 (4 replications) was applied. The result showed that ammonia and total VFA concentrations and digestibility were influenced by probiotic supplementation whereas bacterial populations were affected by feed treatments and probiotic supplementation; however, these treatments did not significantly affect protozoal populations and microbial protein synthesis. A3 is the best feed treatment that can be used, and liquid probitic supplementation (B3) is the optimal treatment.
Keyword: concentrate, in vitro, liquid probiotic, protein level, solid probiotic

Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
Keyword: