Judul: The relationship between molting and egg production genetically on crossbred alabio and peking duck
Abstrak: Molting is a natural phenomenon on all adult female birds related to egg production, but the extent of its effects on egg production has not been known. An experiment was conducted to study the nature of the genetic relationship between molting and egg production, to study the effect of the prolactin hormone concentration on the molting and egg production, and to get an alternative way of controlling the molting in ducks. The research materials were crossbred Alabio and Peking ducks i.e AP ( Alabio ♂ x Peking ♀) and PA (Peking ♂ x Alabio ♀), 10 males and 90 females, respectively, with the total number of 200 birds. The variables measured were the pattern of molting, frequency, starting time of molting, duration of stops laying eggs, and the prolactin hormone concentrations that were associated with the production of eggs for 48 weeks. The results showed that the mechanism of molting always started with a stop laying, molting, and laying back. The molting occurence was used to divide the experimental ducks into two , namely (a) the ducks showing no molting during 48-weeks observation and (b) ducks showing molting during 48-weeks observation. The average egg production for 48 weeks in the non-molting ducks were significantly higher than that in the molting ducks (P <0.01). In the population of molting duck, selection can still be done, as there are molting individuals with high egg production. Therefore, the variables associated with molting in egg production should be sought. The molting frequency does not affect the egg production. The starting time of molting affect egg production, but its correlation with egg production was low, so it can not be used as selection criteria. The variables of stop laying affects egg production for 48 weeks and its correlation with egg production was high, so the variable of stop laying can be used as selection criteria of molting to increase egg production. The results of measurements of the concentration of prolactin hormone is consistent with the production of eggs. The concentration of the prolactin hormone in AP and PA ducks during the egg-laying period before and after the molting was very significantly higher than in the period of molting. In the period before molting, the prolactin hormone concentrations of AP ducks was higher than that of PA duck. The egg production of AP ducks before molting (0 -16 weeks) was higher than that of the PA ducks. The conclusion is that the alternative handling of the molting genetically is selection, and its criteria are whether presence or absence of molting. On the molting duck population, selection can be done based on the duration of stop laying i.e., less than 60 days as selection criterion.
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Judul: The phenotypic and genetic characterization of alabio duck (Anas platyrhynchos Borneo) in South Kalimantan for it’s conservation and sustainable use
Abstrak: Alabio ducks is one of the local duck in South Kalimantan as egg producers which characterized by high productivity of eggs. The study was carried out in order to describe the phenotypic and genetic characterization of Alabio duck being kept by smallholder farmers. The study was conducted in Hulu Sungai Selatan (HSS), Hulu Sungai Tengah (HST) and Hulu Sungai Utara (HSU), South Kalimantan, animal breeding and genetic laboratory and feed technology and nutrition laboratory, Faculty of Animal Science IPB Bogor. Six hundreds (75 males and 525 females) of Alabio ducks were used in this study with ages ranged from 5.5 to 5 months old, 144 of whole blood samples (71 blood plasma and 72 red blood cells) were collected from HSS, HST and HSU. The observed parameters were quantitative and qualitative traits of Alabio duck, genetic variability and nutrition composition. The quantitative traits (body measurement) and genetic polymorphisms of blood protein were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and descriptive analyses. The results showed that for body size measurement of Alabio ducks from HSS, HST and HSU such as length of back, neck, head and depth head as well as body length could be used as variables discriminantor factor. The blood protein polymorphisms of Alabio duck from HSS, HST and HSU displayed six of genotypes i.e. AA, AB, AC, BB, BC and CC with genes frequencies ranged from 0.2917 to 0.7667, heterozigosity value ranged from 0.407±0.120 to 0.661±0.135 and average heterozigocity value of HSS was 0.643±0.232, HST was 0.638±0.219 and HSU was 0.660±0.209. The genetic distances analysis demonstrated that of Alabio duck from HST had relatively closer distance with HSU (0.0148) when compared to HSS (0.2193). The Alabio duck from three locations (HSS, HST and HSU) have different plumage color. The dominant colors of male and famale duck were grayish brown, grayish black, grayish white, blue-green and black. The features of plumage male and female duck were brown spotted, black, blue green and plain. Male and female Alabio duck plumages have the glint of silver and shiny bluegreen. The color of bill, feet and shank of male and female duck were lite yellow, bright orange, pale yellow and black. The average five months eggs production was 67.11%±2.75 (HSS), 75.55%±3.87 (HST) and 76.48%±3.13 (HSU). The feeding duration was 14.99±0.24 minute/hour, feeding frequencies was 2.88±036 time/our and duration of drinking was 2.77±0.50 minutes/hour and moving from feeder to drinker places was 5.99 ±0.23 time/hour. The capability of male duck to mate female were 8.14±0.11bird/male (morning), 6.28±0.18 bird/male (afternoon) and 7.13 ±0.24 bird/male (evening).
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Judul: Perencanan Lanskap Sunda Kalapa, Jakarta Utara Sebagai Kawasan W isata Sejarah
Abstrak: Perkembangan kota Jakarta dari waktu ke waktu sangatlah cepat, sehingga menyebabkan kota-kota tua banyak yang tergusur untuk dijadikan daerah baru yang lebih modern. Apabila hal tersebut tidak ditanggulangi secara dini maka keberadaan Kota Lama Jakarta akan hilang. Hal inilah yang melatar belakang untuk dilakukan tindakan perlindungan dan revitalisasi kawasan bersejarah Sunda Kalapa.
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