Judul: Sifat Antijamur Ekstrak Metanol Kulit Batang Litsea tomentosa Blume
Abstrak: The bark is a waste that produced from harvesting activity and wood processing that have not been utilized efficiently. The bark volume is about 10-20% of whole stem volume depend on stem diameter. The bark utilization also has been grow to extract utilization for medical purpose, anti-fungi, anti-bacteria, and insecticides. The bark powder of L.tomentosa with size 40-60 mesh as much as 170 g was extracted using soxhlet with the methanol solvent. Rough methanol extract was tested to the brown rot fungi Poria placenta and Gloeophyllum trabeum. Meanwhile, Coriolus versicolor was used for white rot fungi. Anti-fungi index of methanol extract are 66.7% for Poria placenta, 54% for Coriolus versicolor and 100.0 % for Gloeophyllum trabeum, respectively. The concentrated methanol extract of L. tomentosa stem bark then separated using column chromatography. The results of LCMS and NMR analysis show that the extract contained alcaloid compound of brucine and 17 oxulapanine
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Judul: Antifungal Activity of Manglid (Magnolia sumatrana (Miq.) Figlar & Noot) Wood Extract
Abstrak: Untuk meningkatkan masa pakai kayu maka perlu dilakukan pengawetan. Namun bahan pengawet yang digunakan pada saat ini banyak yang berasal dari bahan sintetik sehingga membahayakan lingkungan dan kesehatan manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kadar zat ekstraktif kayu manglid (Magnolia sumatrana (Miq.) Figlar & Noot) dan menguji sifat antijamur zat eksttraktif tersebut terhadap jamur pelapuk putih (Schizophyllum commune) dan jamur pelapuk cokelat (Tyromyces palustris), serta mengidentifikasi komponen kimia fraksi teraktif. Serbuk kayu teras manglid diekstraksi menggunakan aseton. Ekstrak aseton yang dihasilkan lalu difraksinasi secara bertingkat dengan n-heksana, etil eter, dan etil asetat. Masing-masing fraksi diuji sifat antijamurnya terhadap jamur pelapuk. Fraksi yang mempunyai sifat antijamur paling aktif selanjutnya diidentifikasi menggunakan GCMS-Pirolisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar esktrak aseton kayu teras manglid sebesar 4,75% yang terdiri dari fraksi n-heksana sebesar 0,85%, fraksi etil eter 0,45%, fraksi etil asetat 0,67%, dan fraksi residu sebesar 2,78%. Dari uji antijamur diketahui bahwa fraksi etil asetat memiliki aktivitas antijamur paling tinggi. Dari analisis kimia dengan GCMS diperoleh 4 senyawa dominan yang memiliki sifat antijamur yang diduga berperan dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur yaitu Phenol, 2-methoxy- (CAS) Guaiaco; Phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)- (CAS) Eugenol; Phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy- (CAS) 2,6-Dimethoxyphenol; dan 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester (CAS) Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate., To increase the service life of wood, it is necessary to preserve it. However, most of the preservatives used today are synthetic materials that are harmful to the environment and human health. This study aimed to determine the extractive content of manglid wood (Magnolia sumatrana (Miq.) Figlar & Noot) and to test the antifungal properties of the extractive against white rot fungus (Schizophyllum commune) and brown rot fungus (Tyromyces palustris), and identify the chemical components of the most active fraction. Manglid wood was extracted using acetone. The resulting acetone extract was then fractionated in stages with n-hexane, ethyl ether, and ethyl acetate. Each fraction was further tested for its antifungal properties against rotting fungi. The most active fraction was then identified using Pyrolysis-GCMS. The results showed that the acetone extract content of manglid hearthwood was 4,75% consisting of n-hexane fraction of 0,85%, ethyl ether fraction of 0,45%, ethyl acetate fraction of 0,67%, and residual fraction of 2,78%. The ethyl acetate fraction had the highest antifungal activity. From chemical analysis by GCMS obtained 4 dominant compounds that have antifungal properties that are thought to play a role in inhibiting fungal growth, namely Phenol, 2-methoxy- (CAS) Guaiacol; Phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)- (CAS) Eugenol; Phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy- (CAS) 2,6-Dimethoxyphenol; and 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester (CAS) Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate.
Keyword: antijamur, ekstrak aseton, kayu manglid (Magnolia sumatrana (Miq.) Figlar & Noot), Schizophyllum commune, Tyromyces palustris, acetone extract, antifungal, manglid wood (Magnolia sumatrana (Miq.) Figlar & Noot), Schizophyllum commune, Tyromyces palustris

Judul: Dynamic New Keynesian Model for Unemployment and Inflation Rate.
Abstrak: This paper deals with a scientific analysis of the equilibrium level of hiring, employment and unemployment. The basic model being used is a standard new Keynesian model, which states that utility function depends on consumptions and working hours. Utility maximization refers to a standard labour supply equation, with the marginal cost’s dynamics on new Keynesian model simply reflects movements in real wages and productivity. Furthermore, trade-off between output and inflation stabilization can be considered using the new Keynesian Phillips curve. Dynamic general equilibrium model is a model that can be used to study interactions between market imperfections and nominal rigidities, which is capable of overcoming the main shortcoming of the standard new Keynesian model. In the general equilibrium model there are three groups of the economy agents, namely households, firms and monetary authority. The results of this research science that bargaining processes between firms and workers will yield optimal wage. Increase in labour will cause wages to fall, but the unemployment rate can be reduced. An increase in the firm’s monopoly power will shift the labour demand curve downward, which will reduce the number of workers that firm is willing to hire for any given bargained wage.
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