Judul: Senyawa antidiabetik dari kacang koro pedang (Canavalia ensiformis (L) DC) dipengaruhi oleh proses pembuatan susu kacang
Abstrak: Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis (L) DC) is one of tropical leguminous plants known to grow in Indonesia without received much attention as useful food commodity. Polyphenols with antioxidant activity, reported to be present in the beans, are recognized as having a potential health benefit in decreasing the risk of several chronic diseases, including diabetes. Diabetes is categorized as one of the serious glogal health problems and its prevalence in Indonesia significantly increased every year. Polyphenols in the Jack beans provide an opportunity if used as an ingredient in food products development. Jack bean milk was chosen as a food model in this study because this a plant-based milk is suitable for consumption of many people, including those who suffer lactose intolerance and who are vegetarians. To date, information related to active compounds as antidiabetics in these beans is still limited. Therefore this research aimed to investigate the bioactive compounds with antidiabetic potential from jack bean and their bioactivity during the bean milk processing. This research began by a screening of the jack bean extract potential and ascertaining the types of active compounds in it. Extraction using ethanol, methanol, and water was applied to the beans in a sequence. The next step was to utilize this beans in jack bean milk processing. Evaluation of phytochemical changes and antioxidant activity was investigated during the processing. The stability of the active compounds during the processing of jack bean milk was evaluated at the final stage of the study. The methanol extract from jack bean was known to contain the highest total phenolic and total flavonoid and also highest antioxidant activity compared to other extracts. However, even compared to red kidney beans, the potency was still lower; these results still indicated that these beans contained bioactive compounds that could be explored further. Boiling the beans for 30 minutes gave greater TPC and TFC than raw beans (R), and as a result its antioxidant activity was also increased. The structure of the seed matrix which expanded by the heat caused the compounds to be extracted more easily as shown by SEM picture. Overall, processing into jack bean milk caused a decrease in the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and DPPH free scavenging activity. A significant decrease in flavonoid content occurred after the second soaking explained that peeling the seed coat had a big effect. The more easily the flavonoids were released, made this compound easily dissolved in the soaking water. Processing into jack bean milk caused changes in components based on multivariate analysis, especially in decreasing levels of kaempferol glycosides. Total kaempferol glycosides of jack bean milk was decreased by 14.34% to 961.51 g/g from the raw bean (1122.41 g/g). Efforts to reduce the decrease in kaempferol levels were carried out by modifying the processing stages. Eliminating the soaking 2 (step 3) recovered about 9.10% of kaempferol glycoside in the product (1063.65 g/g). Anisoyl kaempferol glycoside content was known to have lower rates of reduction than those without anisoyl groups. Its availability in sufficient quantities in the product was predicted to be sufficient to
Keyword: Antioxidant activity, Bean milk, Canavalia ensiformis, Jack bean milk, Kaempferol glycoside

Judul: Aktivitas Hemaglutinin Olahan Koro Pedang (Canavalia ensiformis L.)
Abstrak: Nowadays, the most utilization of legumes as food product and the research activity of the health effect are still focused on soybean. Invention of soybean substitute alternative is needed to decrease soybean import and jack bean could be soybean substitute alternative. One of the inhibitor in food developing for legumes, is the antinutritional content. Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis L.) contains haemagglutinin such as Concanavalin A lectin which can give haemagglutination effect and reduce protein digestibility. The haemagglutinin activity could be reduced during jack bean processing. The objectives of this research were to analyze and determine jack bean product which has the least haemaglutinin activity. Raw jack beans were processed by: i) soaking and drying, ii) soaking and boiling for 20 minutes, iii) soaking and baking at 150 oC for 30 minutes, and iv) making tempeh. The highest protein content in jack bean extracts was in raw jack bean (40.39 mg/g sample db), meanwhile the lowest protein content was in tempeh (0.84 mg/g sample db). The boiled jack bean had the lowest haemagglutinin activity (8.99 HU/mg extracted protein db).
Keyword: 

Judul: Rumus parameter bagi persamaan super pythagoras
Abstrak: Tripel bilangan bulat positif yang memenuhi persamaan Pythagoras disebut tripel Pythagoras. Misalkan u dan v adalah parameter dari bilangan asli, maka kita dapat menunjukkan bahwa (x, y, r) dengan rumus parameter x = -v, y2uv, dan adalah tripel Pythagoras. Penanıbahan suku atau pangkat dalam persamaan Pythagoras menghasilkan persamaan yang kita sebut persamaan Super Pythagoras sebagai berikut: dengan 22 dan kan Jadi persamaan Pythagoras adalah salah satu bentuk persamaan Super Pythagoras. Masalah yang dibahas dalam tulisan ini adalah mencari rumus parameter yang ideal, yang memenuhi persamaan Super Pythagoras (PSP). Rumus parameter bagi PSP yang berpangkat dikatakan ideal jika sebanyak mungkin memenuhi sifat bahwa rumus parameternya berlaku bagi PSP dengan jumlah saku sesedikit mungkin dan dapat diekspansi, serta sesedikit mungkin fungsi-fungsi parameter yang sama dalam rumusnya. Pencarian rumus parameter yang ideal bagi persamaan Super Pythagoras merupakan masalah baru dalam teori bilangan. Menurut Cong Philip, yang mengkhususkan diri mempelajari teori bilangan, masalah ini diperkenalkan oleh Ke Cao pada tahun 1967 dalam salah satu suratnya. Ke Cao menyatakan bahwa persamaan Super Pythagoras penting dalam teknologi di abad mendatang. Rumus-rumus parameter yang berhasil diturunkan adalah rumus yang mengandung satu parameter dan dua parameter, yang berlaku bagi persamaan Super Pythagoras dengan tingkat 2, 3, 4, 5 dan 6. Beberapa hasil pengamatan dari runus-rumus parameter tersebut adalah sebagai berikut: • Rumus satu parameter umumnya lebih ideal daripada rumus dua parameter; semma rumus satu parameter dapat diekspansi • Umumnya, rumus parameter yang diperoleh semakin kurang ideal apabila tingkat PSP semakin tinggi. • Setiap PSP dengan pangkat tertentu mempunyai rumus dua parameter yang barkarakter menyolok (ada nilai x, yang sekawan dengan nilai r). • Ada nilai x, dalam PSP, yang diberikan oleh rumus parameter yang ideal, yang merupakan kelipatan dari pangkat PSP-nya
Keyword: