Judul: Beberapa Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Peluang Kerja di Desa. Kasus di Desa Wargabinangun, Kecamatan Gegesik, Kabupaten Cirebon
Abstrak: Kebutuhan kesempatan kerja yang terus meningkat dengan meningkatnya jumlah penduduk merupakan masalah yang harus diatasi di Indonesia.Sebelum usaha peningkatan kesempatan kerja dilakukan, terlebih dahulu diperlukan identifikasi faktor-faktor yang membesar dan memperkecil peluang kerja. Dengan mengambil kasus di Desa Wargabinangun penelitian dengan tujuan mengidentifikasi faktor yang mempengaruhi peluang kerja di desa dilakukan pada tahun 1980.Hampir seluruh persawahan di Indonesia bila memungkinkan di coba dilaksanakan pada tanam padi dua kali setahun menggantikan pola tanam satu kali setahun untuk meningkatkan produksi padi. Perubahan pola tanam padi tersebut terutama di pedesaan dengan mayoritas tanaman padi menyebabkan perubahan pola kesempatan kerja. Dalam keadaan demikian tidak semua orang mampu memanfaatkan kesempatan kerja yang ada.
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Judul: Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesempatan kerja pada penduduk di desa dalam perkebunan kelapa sawit (kasus desa Cimulang dan desa Bantar Sari, kecamatan Rancabungur, kabupaten Bogor, provinsi Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: Oilpalm is one of Indonesia’s agricultural commodities with rapid growth in the last two decades – annually size of plantation increased by 11% whereas production by 9.4%. One of the objective of oilpalm development is to generate employment opportunity – which is expected to be captured by community surrounding oilpalm plantation. This research is to describe and analyze employment opportunity by sectors (foodcrops-fisheries, plantation, secondary/manufacture, and tertiary/trade and services) and the internal and external factors that affect employment opportunity. Cimulang and Bantarsari are two villages in West Java with 75% of its area inside a state-owned plantation, which undergone conversion from rubber to oilpalm in the year 2000. The research is done on 4 hamlets of these villages differentiated by geographical location and transportation access into two (2) Kampung Dalam which are inside plantation-area and limited transportation access and two (2) Kampung Luar which most area are outside plantation and easy transportation access. The research indicated that all of the internal factors (gender, age, education, social status), affect employment opportunities. In general more men works in different sectors than women, and more workers (of young age group, higher education, and high social status) work in tertiary sector. Only a small percentage work in oilpalm plantation, and only those from Kampung Dalam, male, of medium age-group, with some education (Elementary, Junior High), and of poor social status. Of the external factors (access to information of job, access of transportation), access to information affect employment opportunities in secondary and tertiary sectors. As the difference of employment opportunity seems to be more based on location (Kampung Dalam or Kampung Luar), which is indicated by access to transportation, access of transportation is seen as mediating factor that affect both internal and external factors.
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Judul: Characterizations of low alloy steel sae 4422  plated with chromic acid (Cro3)
Abstrak: Characterizations of low alloy steel SAE 4422 plated with chromic acid (CrOrO3) was use Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), RD),Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-Ray (EDAX), Hardness Test and Roughness Test. Microstructures analysis exhibits cracks and grain boundaries microcracks as a characteristics of chrome metal found at plating metal. Perlite and Ferrite as grains of steel found at base metal with grain boundaries around it. Phase analysis of plating metal appropriate to chrome metal with lattice constant (a) is 2.559 Å and phase analysis of base metal appropriate to iron ferrite with lattice constant (a) is 3.318 Å. Both plating and base metal have cubic system. Chemical analysis of plating metal at surface section exhibits that cracks area have highest value of carbon element compare with grains and grains boundaries area. While chemical analysis of base metal at cross section exhibits that perlite have highest value of carbon element compare with ferrite and grain boundaries. The hardness value of plating metal at surface section and cross section are 753 and 637 VHN. While, the hardness value of base metal and interface area at cross section are 205 and 373 VHN. The roughness value at measurement points of chrome surface for as received sample are 0.445 μm. Observation used Optical Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy exhibits surface irregularities combine to form surface texture of plating metal at surface section.
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