Judul: Pengembangan Sistem Penerjemah Kata dan Frasa Bahasa Inggris Menjadi Bahasa Indonesia dengan Model Peluang Bersyarat Bayes
Abstrak: Sistem penerjemah dapat dikembangkan dengan beberapa pendekatan di antaranya, rule-based, dictionary-based, statistical, example-based, dan hybrid. Penelitian ini mengembangkan sistem penerjemah Bahasa Inggris – Bahasa Indonesia menggunakan metode korpus paralel dengan pendekatan statistik. Pendekatan statistik yang digunakan adalah phrase-based model dengan peluang bersyarat Bayes. Model peluang bersyarat Bayes digunakan untuk mengetahui peluang kemunculan bersyarat dari query dua kata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode Statistical Machine Translation dengan pendekatan phrase-based dapat diterapkan untuk pembangkitan kamus Bahasa Inggris ke Bahasa Indonesia. Hasil Mean Average Precision (MAP) untuk query satu kata adalah 0.787, sedangkan hasil MAP untuk query berupa frasa adalah 0.900. Hal ini terjadi karena pembobotan yang dilakukan hanya menggunakan frekuensi kemunculan kata.
Keyword: Bayes conditional probabilitistic model, mean average precision, parallel corpus, statistical machine translation, translator system.

Judul: Ekspansi kueri pada sistem temu kembali informasi berbahasa Indonesia menggunakan kamus dwibahasa
Abstrak: The most frequent problem on information retrieval is the users inability in representing information they need, in a query form. Thus, one of the solutions to overcome such situation is by applying query expansion technique. By applying the method, query will be expanded, and the new query produced will be used to do the search task. One of the approaches in determining the term of the expansion is Translation with Bilingualism Dictionary, which works through query translation process using dictionary, and the calculation of weight from each expanded candidate terms. In order to increase the relevance of the search result, this research uses Translation with Bilingualism Dictionary as the method to apply. Acknowledging the influence of the method, the research trial and error through the observation of the eleven recall precision number is applied to the produced retrieval result by using different expansion terms. Based on the observation of the produced precision number, it is identified that the use of Translation method in this research has not been successfull in increasing the relevance of the search results. The more expansion terms used, the smaller the precision number produced.
Keyword: Query expansion, Query translation, Information retrieval, Bilingualism dictionary

Judul: Growth, Concentration Chlorophyll-a, and Structure of Macroalgae Gracilaria edulis in the Culture Media Containing Copper
Abstrak: The physiological responses (specific growth rate, concentration of chlorophyll-a, morphological and anatomical structure of the vegetative cells) of the marine macroalga Gracilaria edulis at the different concentrations of copper (0.01 as control, 0.04, 0.06 and 0,5 ppm) delivered continuously for 28 days under controlled laboratory conditions were investigated. Result showed that the degree of copper toxicity depends on both factor the concentration and exposure time. Copper concentration and day of exposure decreased significantly the specific growth rate (SGR) of the Gracilaria edulis but only 0,5 ppm Cu decreased the chlorophyll-a content when compared to control. Of the various physiological end points measured, growth proved to be the most sensitive response than chlorophyll-a with reductions in specific growth rate (SGR). The reason for this could be related to a greater sensitivity of the enzymes involved in growth than those related to chlorophyll-a or a greater energy needs to maintain cellular integrity and metabolic processes under sublethal Cu stress. In all cases, the main effect on vegetative cells were structure changes in cortex and subcortex cells, compared to control, macroalgae exposed to copper showed depigmentation and blending in the lateral branches, heavy staining of the cell wall and severe damage of cell membrane, while the mucilage and the cell walls was densely fibrillar, thick and heavily stained, the cortex cell was clearly vacuolated, the presence of endophytic on the cell wall and endophytic spores in the mucilage. The presence vacuoles should be related to a metal immobilization mechanism, minimizing the Cu toxicity for cells. The epiphytic bacteria can act as a biofilter diminishing the availability of Cu for macroalgae accumulation.
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