Judul: Potential Assessment of Technology Transfer of HCFC to Non-HCFC in the Refrigeration Manufacturer in Jabodetabek.
Abstrak: Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) is one of chemical that have significant influences to the preservation of atmosphere due to their contribution as ozone depleting substance and green house gases. Consider to their characteristic as green house gases, the 19th Meeting of Parties (MOP19) of the Montreal Protocol was decided acceleration of HCFCs phase-out from 2040 to 2030. The objective of this study are 1) to find out social, economy, technical, and environment potential for technology transfer of HCFCs to non-HCFC; 2). To find out factors which have significant contrbution to the succesful of the technology transfer. The study has been done in 11 refrigeration manufacturer in Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi. Duration of the study was 4 months started from March-June 2013. This study used purposive sampling to collect data, and analyzed on qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitativemethod to describepotential of the HCFCs phase-out on social, economy, technical and environment aspects through descriptive method by SPSS 21 and Microsof Excel 2007. Meanwhile, to find out the significant factors were contributed to the succesful of the program, it used Principles Component Analysis (PCA) by SPSS 21. The study indicated that social aspect has still need improvement of manufacturer practices due to the safety risk of several HCFCs substitutes. The high investment cost could be an obstacle to manufacturer to transfer HCFCs to non-HCFCs technology. The investment cost of technology transfer process approximately US$450.000 included machine modification and replacement. Technically, HFC32 is the best alternative option to replace HCFC-22. HFC32 has a wide range for the application, and mostly the respondents have chosen it in their technology transfer program. Potential HCFC-22 phase-out in 11 refrigeration manufacturer is 440,36 MT or 24,22 ODP ton, and HCFC-141b is 135,88 MT or 14,95 ODP ton. HCFC-22 phase-out program in 11 companies will contribute to the GHG emission reduction is around 797.051,60 ton CO2-eq, and HCFC-141b is around 98.513 ton CO2-eq.
Keyword: ozone layer, ozone depletion substances, green house gas, hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC), hydrofluorocarbon (HFC), technology transfer

Judul: Performance of Photovoltaic Cold Storage with Multiple Refrigerants
Abstrak: Negara Indonesia merupakan negara maritim yang memiliki keanekaragaman sumber daya laut yang berlimpah. Hal ini menjadikan mayoritas masyarakat Indonesia berprofesi sebagai nelayan. Nelayan tersebut menerapkan sistem one day fishing untuk melaut dan menangkap ikan karena keterbatasan fasilitas penyimpanan ikan yang baik. Solusi yang digunakan dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut, yaitu memanfaatkan cold storage dengan sistem refrigerasi kompresi uap. Namun terdapat permasalahan dalam penggunaan cold storage tersebut, yaitu tidak ramah lingkungan berkaitan dengan refrigeran yang digunakan serta performansi dari sistem tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan performansi refrigeran yang optimum dan kontribusi CO2 yang minimum untuk dapat diaplikasikan pada cold storage kapal ikan nelayan tradisional. Pengujian performansi cold storage pada beberapa refrigeran diperoleh hasil optimum pada R32 dengan kapasitas pendinginan sebesar 3,93 kW, konsumsi daya listrik sebesar 0,70 kW, dan COP tertinggi sebesar 5,59. Sedangkan hasil emisi terendah pada penggunaan R32 dengan nilai sebesar 569,7 kg CO2e/kW per tahun (hybrid system) dan 1112,59 kg CO2e/kW per tahun (full PLN), Indonesia is a maritime country that has an abundance of marine resources. This makes the majority of Indonesian people work as fishermen. These fishermen apply a one-day fishing system to go to sea and catch fish due to the limitations of good fish storage facilities. The solution used in solving this problem is to utilize cold storage with a vapor compression refrigeration system. However, there are problems in the use of cold storage, which is not environmentally friendly related to the refrigerant used and the performance of the system. This study aims to obtain the optimum refrigerant performance and minimum CO2 contribution to be applied to the cold storage of traditional fishing boats. Testing the performance of cold storage on several refrigerants obtained optimum results in R32 with a cooling capacity of 3,93 kW, electric power consumption of 0,70 kW, and the highest COP of 5,59. While the lowest emission results in the use of R32 with a value of 569,7 kg CO2e/kW per year (hybrid system) and 1112,59 kg CO2e/kW per year (full PLN).
Keyword: Cold storage, Performance, Refrigerant, Photovoltaic, LCCP

Judul: Karakteristik Anatomi Skelet Apendikular Buaya Senyulong (Tomistoma schelegelii)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik anatomi skelet apendikular buaya senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii) sebagai sistem lokomosi yang dikaitkan dengan fungsi dan perilakunya. Anatomi skelet kaki buaya senyulong dipelajari dengan melakukan pengamatan dan pengukuran pada tulang-tulang penyusun ekstremitas dan bidang persendian. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada kaki depan, os scapula dan os coracoidea bertaut dan membentuk cavitas glenoidalis, os humerus lebih melengkung ke medial, olecranon pada os ulna tidak berkembang, dan di ekstremitas distal os radius terdapat facies articularis radiale yang luas untuk bersendi dengan os carpi radiale. Pada kaki belakang, os coxae bertaut dengan os sacrum, os pubis berhubungan dengan ossa gastralia, di distal os femoris tidak ditemukan os patella, di daerah tarsi, os astragalus dan os calcaneus membentuk sendi gerak. Skeleton manus dan pedis memiliki struktur yang mirip, tetapi digit V pada kaki belakang rudimenter. Struktur skelet apendikular tersebut memungkinkan buaya untuk melakukan gerakan berjalan, berenang, serta melindungi organ dan membantu respirasi.
Keyword: ekstremitas, Tomistoma schlegelii, skelet kaki