Judul: Food Preference and Food Frequency Consumption of Traditional Food and Fast Food among Adolescents in Bali Province
Abstrak: Pergeseran preferensi dan frekuensi konsumsi makanan dari makanan tradisional ke makanan cepat saji telah terjadi, khususnya pada remaja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji perbedaan preferensi dan frekuensi konsumsi makanan tradisional dan cepat saji pada remaja di Provinsi Bali. Desain penelitian adalah cross-sectional menggunakan data Pengaruh Perkembangan Teknologi Pangan dan Modernisasi terhadap Perilaku Konsumsi Pangan di Perkotaan dan Perdesaan 15 Provinsi di Indonesia dengan subjek 384 orang yang merupakan remaja usia 12-22 tahun di Provinsi Bali. Hasil menunjukkan pada seluruh makanan, terdapat perbedaan nyata pada preferensi dan frekuensi konsumsi antara makanan tradisional dan cepat saji dengan skor keduanya tinggi pada makanan cepat saji dibandingkan makanan tradisional (p<0,05). Namun, berdasarkan kelompok pangan, preferensi makanan lebih tinggi pada makanan tradisional menurut kelompok ikan serta frekuensi konsumsi menurut kelompok ikan, telur, snack, dan minuman nonsusu. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada preferensi konsumsi makanan tradisional berdasarkan jenis kelamin, usia, tempat tinggal, dan pendapatan ayah serta pada frekuensi konsumsi makanan tradisional berdasarkan usia (p<0,05). Perbedaan signifikan juga ditemukan pada preferensi makanan cepat saji berdasarkan usia serta pada frekuensi konsumsi makanan cepat saji berdasarkan jenis kelamin, usia, dan pendapatan ayah (p<0,05)., Food preference and food frequency shifting from traditional to fast food have occurred recently, especially in adolescence. This study aims to analyze the differences in preferences and frequency of consumption of traditional and fast food among adolescents in Bali Province. The research design is cross-sectional study using data from The Influence of Food Technology Development and Modernization on Food Consumption Behavior in Urban and Rural Areas of 15 Provinces in Indonesia with 384 subjects which are adolescents aged 12-22 years in Bali Province. The results showed that overall, there were significant differences in preferences and consumption frequency between traditional and fast food, whereas the scores were higher in fast food (p<0,05). However, based on the food group, food preferences were higher for traditional food according to the fish group and the frequency of consumption based on the fish, egg, snack and non-dairy beverage. There were significant differences in traditional food preferences based on gender, age, residence, and father's income and in the frequency of traditional food consumption based on age (p<0,05). Significant differences were also found in preferences for fast food based on age and in the frequency of fast food consumption based on gender, age, and father's income (p<0,05).
Keyword: Bali adolescent, fast food, food preference, frequency of consumption, traditional food

Judul: The Preferences and Frequency of Consumption of Traditional Food and Fast Food Among Adolescents in the Special Region of Yogyakarta.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis preferensi dan frekuensi konsumsi makanan tradisional dan makanan cepat saji pada remaja di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional menggunakan data sekunder dari penelitian ‘Pengaruh Perkembangan Teknologi Pangan dan Modernisasi Terhadap Perilaku Konsumsi Pangan di Perkotaan dan Perdesaan 15 Provinsi di Indonesia.’ dengan subjek sebanyak 394 remaja DI Yogyakarta. Secara keseluruhan, subjek cenderung memiliki preferensi dan konsumsi yang lebih tinggi terhadap makanan cepat saji daripada makanan tradisional, kecuali kelompok serealia, sayuran, dan kacang & polong, di mana skor preferensi dan konsumsinya lebih tinggi. Untuk makanan tradisional, terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada skor preferensi berdasarkan pendidikan ayah, dan skor konsumsi berdasarkan usia. Untuk makanan cepat saji, terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada skor preferensi berdasarkan semua karakteristik individu dan sosial-ekonomi subjek, kecuali status gizi, dan skor konsumsi berdasarkan pendapatan ayah dan ibu. Hasil uji hubungan menunjukkan adanya korelasi negatif usia dengan skor frekuensi konsumsi makanan tradisional, korelasi positif seluruh karakteristik subjek dengan skor preferensi makanan cepat saji, serta korelasi positif pendapatan ayah dan ibu dengan frekuensi konsumsi makanan cepat saji., This study aims to analyze the preferences and consumption of traditional foods and fast food among adolescents in the Special Region of Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. The research design used in this study is quantitative descriptive, utilizing secondary data from a cross-sectional study titled "Survey on the Influence of Food Technology Development and Modernization on Food Consumption Behavior in Urban and Rural Areas of 15 Provinces in Indonesia." The study included a total of 394 adolescents in Yogyakarta. Overall, the subjects tend to have higher preferences and consumption of fast food compared to traditional foods, except for the cereal, vegetable, and legume groups, where the preference and consumption scores are higher. For traditional foods, there are significant differences in preference scores based on father's education, and consumption scores based on age groups. For fast food, there are significant differences in preference scores based on all individual and socio-economic characteristics of the subjects, except for nutritional status, and consumption scores based on father's and mother's income. The correlation test results indicate a negative correlation between age and the frequency of traditional food consumption, a positive correlation between all subject characteristics and fast-food preference, and a positive correlation between parents’ income and the frequency of fast-food consumption.
Keyword: adolescents, fast food, frequency of consumption, preferences, traditional food

Judul: Penggunaan Teorema Homeomorphy 2-Manifold dan Teorema Euler Poincare pada Torus 𝑇�� dan Simplicial Complex 𝐾��
Abstrak: Two dimensional topological spaces are said to be homeomorphic if they have the same topological invariant, where one of topological invariant used is an Euler characteristic. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem and Euler Poincare’s Theorem are used to distinguish two topological spaces. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem uses Euler characteristic to identify two dimensional topological spaces. Euler Poincare’s Theorem is an alternative way to find Euler characteristic with Betti number, which is topological invariant as well. The objective of this paper is to investigate the homeomorphism of torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾�����. Topological space torus and simplicial complex 𝐾����� have the same Euler characteristic, which is two. Based on Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem topological space torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾����� is homeomorphic.
Keyword: simplicial, torus, Euler, homeomorphism, topology