Judul: Literature Study of Adding Alternative of Antibiotic Growth Promoters on Broiler Chicken Productivity
Abstrak: Ayam broiler merupakan salah satu produk pangan yang umum dikonsumsi masyarakat Indonesia. Salah satu hal yang dilakukan untuk menjaga tingginya produktivitas ayam broiler adalah dengan menggunakan bahan imbuhan pakan Antibiotic Growth Promoters (AGP), namun penggunaannya telah dilarang oleh pemerintah Indonesia karena dapat menyebabkan penyebaran bakteri patogen yang kebal obat dari ternak ke manusia. Banyak Kajian telah dilakukan untuk mencari alternatif AGP, dalam studi ini yang akan dikaji adalah sinbiotik, kunyit, temu ireng, jahe merah, Chitosan oligosaccharide dan L-Arginine. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah literature review, dengan tujuan menyampaikan hasil bahan-bahan pengganti AGP tersebut terhadap pertambahan bobot badan dan rasio konversi ransum ayam broiler dengan menyampaikan kembali serta menginterpretasikan hasil kajian-kajian terkait. Bahan-bahan yang telah dikaji menunjukkan bahwa beberapa bahan pengganti AGP yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol, bahkan perlakuan kontrol positif-nya.
Keyword: Antibiotic growth promotor, ayam broiler, rasio konversi ransum, pertambahan bobot badan, Antibiotic growth promotor, body weight gain, broiler chicken, feed conversion ratio

Judul: Studi suplementasi phytogenik sebagai pemacu pertumbuhan terhadap performan ayam broiler
Abstrak: Antibiotik sebagai pemacu pertumbuhan telah banyak digunakan, tetapi pada umumnya antibiotik memberikan dampak resiko jangka panjang yang merugikan baik pada lingkungan maupun manusia yang mengkonsumsinya. Untuk melindungi kesehatan masyarakat dari bahaya resistensi antibiotik, perlu dikaji pemacu pertumbuhan berbahan baku alamiah yang aman untuk manusia dan lingkungan. Phytogenik merupakan salah satu pemacu pertumbuhan dihasilkan dari ekstrak tumbuhan yang berperan penting dalam memacu pertumbuhan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui taraf penggunaan dan pengaruh pemberian ransum yang mengandung phytogenik dan antibiotik pemacu pertumbuhan terhadap bobot badan dipasarkan, pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi ransum, konversi ransum, tingkat kematian (mortalitas), income over feed and chick cost ayam broiler. Ternak yang digunakan sebanyak 300 ekor ayam broiler strain Avian yang ditempatkan dalam 30 petak kandang sistem litter yang dipelihara selama 5 minggu dan masing-masing berisi 10 ekor. Ransum perlakuan disusun isokalori dan isoprotein dengan kandungan energi ransum 3131 kkal/kg dan protein ransum 21,97 %. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap 6 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan menggunakan phytogenik 50, 100, 150, 200 mg/kg dan antibiotik Avilamycin 5 mg/kg dan Flavomycin 4 mg/kg.
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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