Judul: Analisis kelayakan pendirian industri bioinsektisida bacillus thuringiensis subsp.aizaway di Bogor, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: One of bioinsecticide were developed from Bacillus thuringiensis. Bioinsecticide is divided into several types and one of it’s the Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.aizaway that can be used to eradicate pests armyworm ( Croccidolomia pavonana and Spodoptera litura). This product has been developed since 1963 in Europe, but until now Indonesia has not had a productive bioinsecticide local industry. The objectives of this research was to get a feasibility judgment of bioinseticide Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.aizaway (Bta) industry establishment and to analyze the development strategy. Depend on it, people can get information about description of implementation this industry. Main subject of this research is Bta by production with substrat from tofu waste and liquid tofu waste. Points of this research are market and marketing aspect, legal aspect, technical and technological aspect, management aspect, environment aspect, finance aspect, and development strategy aspect.
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Judul: Proses Produksi Bioinsektisida Bacillus thuringiensis Isolat Lokal Menggunakan Limbah Agroindustri pada Kultivasi Media Padat.
Abstrak: Due to increased awareness of the need for safe insecticide, currently the use of bioinsecticide is increasingly in demand by farmers who want to produce vegetables and fruits safe for consumption. Also, it is used in the control of mosquito larvae that can be vectors of several dangerous diseases. The use of safe insecticides is needed, so as not to pollute the soil, water and other living creatures. The advantages of using microbial bioinsecticide are safe, environmentally friendly, specific to certain insect pests, not harmful to pets, do not result in residues on crops and soil. The purpose of this research was to develop the production process of bioinsecticide (Bacillus thuringiensis) using local isolates with starter and cultivation media of agroindustrial by products, using solid state cultivation, in order to obtain bioinsecticide that is cheap and easy to produce. The purpose of each stage are to obtained isolate characteristics suitable with the solid state cultivation and suitable with climatic environment in Indonesia, development of starter from agroindustrial waste, design the condition of solid state cultivation production process using agroindustrial waste, and for evaluation and analysis of efficacy in the target insects. The stages of research began from isolate isolation from Attacus atlas and Bombyx mori caterpillar carrions. Isolates further obtained were then characterized and identified to obtain B. thuringiensis, from both isolates obtained, it was then selected one of the most suitable for solid state cultivation. The next stage was the selection of starter medium from agroindustrial waste, followed by a bioinsecticide production using the mixed media of sago lees and iles-iles lees by solid state cultivation. Bioinsecticide produced was characterized by amino acid content protein profiles and toxicity ability against A. aegepty larvae dan C. pavonana larvae. B. thuringiensis producing endotoxins that served as a bioinsecticide active ingredient could be isolated from A. atlas and B. mori caterpillar carrions from Bogor, Indonesia. The isolate characteristics of A. atlas caterpillar are the bacteria belonging to Gram-positive, having flagella, punctiform shaped colonies, slimy, white, rod-shaped vegetative cells with a length of approximately 1700 nm and a width of about 830 nm. The protein crystals yielded are spherical, with a diameter of 470-770 nm, and diameter of spore of 550-750 nm. The isolate characteristics of B. mori caterpillar are, belonging to Gram-positive bacteria, motile, circular, white and slimy, long and round vegetative cells with a length approximately of 3900-9500 nm and a width approximately of 830 nm. The protein crystals yielded are spherical, bipyramid and cuboid with a size of 300-700 nm, and diameter of spore of 500-750 nm. Philogenetic tree reconstruction showed that both isolates are in the same cluster with B. thuringiensis. Of two selected isolates, for bioinsecticide production by solid state cultivation is isolates from A. atlas. Selection of isolate is based on the nature of higher motility characteristic, cell growth, the number of spores produced and their toxicity against the test insects. Starter media is selected based on the growth parameters of B. thuringiensisin tofu whey media, tofu whey plus urea, coconut water, and nutrient broth. It is obtained the
Keyword: Bioinsecticide, solid-state cultivation, B. thuringiensis, solid waste sago, solid waste iles-iles

Judul: Karakteristik lompatan hidrolik terhadap pelimpah terjunan pada saluran segi empat
Abstrak: Aliran dengan kecepatan tinggi dalam kondisi superkritis yang melintasi bangunan pelimpah, sebelum bergerak lebih jauh ke arah hilir saluran dimana bilangan Froude (F) lebih besar dari satu harus diubah menjadi aliran subkritis dimana bilangan Froudenya lebih kecil dari satu. Aliran yang meninggalkan kaki pelimpah merupakan aliran yang memiliki kandungan energi yang amat berarti sehingga dapat menimbulkan pengikisan yang besar. Pengubahan bilangan Froude dari kondisi superkritis ke subkritis dimaksudkan agar terjadi perubahan kandungan energi, sehingga aliran menjadi non erosive. Agar daya erosive aliran dapat berkurang, maka biasanya pada bagian hilir dari bangunan pelimpah dibuatkan suatu bangunan peredam energi. Erosi yang terjadi di hilir bangunan pelimpah dapat disebabkan dari keberadaan bangunan pelimpah itu sendiri, maupun bangunan peredam energi yang kurang tepat. Hal ini terutama menyangkut beberapa kejadian lompatan hidrolik yang timbul pada bangunan peredam energi tersebut.. Suatu metode yang efektif untuk menjamin bahwa lompatan hidrolik selalu terjadi pada daerah yang dilindungi, adalah dengan menggunakan bangunan peredam energi yang terdiri dari beberapa tipe dengan..dst
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