Judul: Evaluasi In Vitro Potensi Daun Bawang Merah  (Allium Ascalonicum L.) Sebagai Hijauan  Pakan Alternate
Abstrak: Populasi ternak ruminansia semakin meningkat, maka kebutuhan pakanpun menjadi meningkat, akan tetapi ketersediaan rumput terbatas, karena adanya perubahan fungsi dan sempitnya lahan serta dipengaruhi oleh musim. Potensi daun bawang merah cukup banyak dan diperkirakan dapat mensubstitusi rumput padang. Sebagai pembuktiannya perlu dikaji dari segi nutrisi potensi dari daun bawang merah (Allium asconicum L.) sebagai hijauan pakan alternatif melalui pengujian sifat fisik, fermentabilitas dan kecernaan in vitro.
Keyword: 

Judul: Potensi Ekstrak Daun Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) sebagai Bioherbisida
Abstrak: Daun bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) merupakan limbah yang tidak banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat. Limbah ini mengandung alelokimia yang mampu menghambat perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan gulma sehingga berpotensi sebagai bioherbisida. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui potensi ekstrak daun bawang merah sebagai bahan bioherbisida. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Benih Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura dan green house Kebun Percobaan Cikabayan IPB dari bulan Februari 2017 hingga September 2017. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan konsentrasi ekstrak daun bawang merah yakni 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, dan 40% dan 4 ulangan pada fase pratumbuh serta 5 ulangan pada fase pasca tumbuh. Uji toksisitas ekstrak daun bawang merah menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak dua faktor dengan 5 perlakuan konsentrasi yaitu 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, dan 40% dan 3 waktu aplikasi yaitu empat hari sebelum tanam, saat tanam, dan empat hari sesudah tanam yang terdiri dari 5 ulangan. Gulma target yang digunakan pada percobaan ini ialah Echinochloa colonum, Amaranthus spinosus, dan Cyperus rotundus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa esktrak daun bawang merah dapat menekan perkecambahan gulma Echinochloa colonum dan Amaranthus spinosus pada percobaan pratumbuh dengan konsentrasi 10% hingga 40%. Ekstrak menekan pertumbuhan Cyperus rotundus pada konsentrasi 10% hingga 30% sedangkan pada konsentrasi 40% hasil tidak berbeda dengan kontrol. Ekstrak daun bawang merah belum terlihat memberikan pengaruh pada berbagai parameter pengamatan fase pasca tumbuh. Ekstrak juga tidak memberikan pengaruh toksisitas terhadap tanaman dan tanaman tumbuh normal.
Keyword: bioherbisida, daun bawang merah, gulma, pasca tumbuh, pratumbuh

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
Keyword: