Judul: Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum dan Toksisitas Senyawa Hasil Biotransformasi Kurkumin oleh Mikrob Endofit Asal Kunyit
Abstrak: Curcumin can be transformed into its derivative compound with the help of endophytic microbes. The biotransformed compound has been known to possess antibacterial activity toward Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus. This research was conducted to determine the Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of the biotransformed compound using agar diffusion method to find out Salmonella typhi's and Staphylococcus aureus's sensitivity against the biotransformed compound. In addition, the toxicity test based on lethal concentration 50 (LC50) with the Brine shrimp lethal test (BSLT) method against Artemia salina was performed as preliminary test in determining the biotransformed compound’s potency in the development of medicines. The MIC value of this compound against Salmonella typhi was 6.25 mg/mL with the clear zone diameter of 2.5 mm and 25 mg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus with the clear zone diameter of 2.5 mm. The LC50 value of the biotransformed compound was 131.272 ppm, higher than curcumin’s LC50, which is 82.153 ppm. This value was obtained by probit analysis using SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solutions) program.
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Judul: Antibacterial Activity of Curcumin Biotransformed Compound by Endophyitic Microbe from Turmeric.
Abstrak: Turmeric is contains curcumin that known has antibacterial activity. On the other hand turmeric has endophytic microbe that live in their tissues. Endophytic microbe potentially as biotransformation agent of active compound of their hosts. The aim of this research was to obtain pure extract of curcumin biotransformed compound by endophytic microbe from turmeric and to know antibacterial activity of that compound. Curcumin biotransformed compound was extracted from endophytic microbe culture with technical ethyl acetate. That extract then separated using column chromatography with solvents n-hexane, nhexane- ethyl acetate (20:1), n-hexane-ethyl acetate (5:1), n-hexane-ethyl acetate (2:1), chloroform-methanol(10:1), and chloroform-methanol (5:1). And then purified using preparative layer chromatography with eluent chloroform-methanol (10:1). All of extracts were tested their antibacterial activity with diffusion method against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella typhi, and Ralstonia solanacearum with 50 mg/mL concentration. Pure extract rendemen was 2.66% with Rf 0.701. Pure curcumin biotransformed compound extract had higher antibacterial activity than crude extract and semipure extract and had doubled antibacterial activity than curcumin. Curcumin biotransformed compound inhibited all of test bacterias and the most sensitive bacteria was Salmonella typhi with 9.0 mm inhibitory zone diameter.
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Judul: Pemodelan dan Solusi Game Mate In One Puzzle dengan Representasi Logika Answer Set Programming
Abstrak: Since the beginning of AI, mind games, such as Chess, have been studied as application fields for AI. Several variation of chess related problems have been shown to be NP-complete. This research deals with the problem of Mate in One Puzzles. We employ Answer Set Programming (ASP) to tackle this problem. ASP has been, in the last decade, the subject of active research in the field of logic programming, knowledge representation, and reasoning. ASP allows for an intuitive representation of computationally hard problems as well as efficient solving using state-of-the-art solvers, such as DLV. In this research, a representation of Mate In One Puzzles has been formulated and a prototype application system written using PHP and DLV has also been implemented. Experimental results show that the system is capable of generating solutions for Mate in One problem efficiently. However, the representation is still not efficient enough to be used for more difficult class of problems such as Mate in Two and Mate in Three.
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