Judul: Membran Komposit Polisufon Tersulfonasi-Natrium Alginat untuk Aplikasi Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
Abstrak: Energy demand triggers people to find other renewable energy alternatives, such as fuel cell. In this study composite membrane of sulfonated polysulfone-sodium alginate (sPSf) was synthesized characterized and then applied in direct methanol fuel cell. Sulfonation was started at 40 oC for 1 hour and then sodium alginate was added to improve membrane performances. The degree of sulfonation through sulfonation process was 45% and a peak at 1725 cm-1 in Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer showed that 1,2,4- substituted sulfonate group exist in ortho position. Composite membrane was produced by adding sulfonated polysulfone and sodium alginate with concentration of 2% and 3%. The composite membrane of sPSf-sodium alginate 3% gave the highest proton conductivity and voltage with values 1.634 х10-3 S/cm and 0.409 volt, respectively. This result showed that the composite membrane of sPSf-sodium alginate can be applied in direct methanol fuel cell system
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), sodium alginate., sulfonated polysulfone, composite membrane, Fuel Cell

Judul: Membran Komposit Polisulfon Tersulfonasi-Zeolit untuk Aplikasi Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
Abstrak: Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is potential as an alternative renewable energy source and unhazardous to environmental. In this study, composite membrane of sulfonated polysulfone-zeolite (sPSf-zeolite) was synthesized and characterized, and observed the performance of the resulted membranes for DMFC. The process of sulfonation has been successful. It showed by the degree of sulfonation as high as 45% and the existence of a new group that trisubstituted 1,2,4 - that shown in the wave numbers of 1724 cm-1 as determined using Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer. The morphology of membrane surface changed after sulfonation. It was determined using scanning electron microscope. The addition of zeolite to membranes improved membrane’s performance. The composite membrane of sPSf-zeolite 5% activation, using a metal electrode gave the best membrane’s performance. It showed by the highest proton conductivity and voltage with values 1.2377 × 10-3 S/cm and 416 mV. This result showed that the composite membrane of sPSf-zeolite can be applied in DMFC system.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), zeolite., sulfonated polysulfone, fuel cell, composite

Judul: Prevalence of Bird Lice on Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) in 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia
Abstrak: Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) have coexisted with humans for thousands of years and are used for various purposes such as food and in sports. Rock pigeons may have the potential to be infested with a wide range of ectoparasites, which can have a significant impact on their life cycle. This study aims to measure the prevalence of Columba livia with bird lice in 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia in the year 2020 and to ascertain the impact of bird lice on the health of these infested birds. Data were collected from clinical records for the month of January to December in the year 2020 from 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia. Lice were identified in 42 of the 80 Rock pigeons examined so, the overall prevalence of lice infestations was 52.5%. The prevalence of ectoparasites was found to be higher in young Rock pigeons (60.4%) as compared to adult Rock pigeons (37.4%). Columbicola columbae (wing lice) and Colpocephalum turbinatum (body lice) are two species of lice that have been detected. Body lice were more prevalent in young Columba livia birds at 47.6% whereas wing lice were more prevalent in adult Columba livia birds at 16.7%. Most of the lice were found in the thorax and abdomen area followed by the head and neck area., Merpati Batu (Columba livia) telah hidup berdampingan dengan manusia selama ribuan tahun dan digunakan untuk berbagai keperluan seperti makanan dan olahraga. Merpati batu dapat terinfestasi dengan berbagai ektoparasit, yang dapat berdampak signifikan pada siklus hidup mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi Columba livia dengan kutu burung di 99 Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia pada tahun 2020 dan untuk memastikan dampaknya terhadap kesehatan burung yang terinfestasi. Data dikumpulkan dari catatan klinis dari bulan Januari hingga Desember tahun 2020 dari 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia. Kutu diidentifikasi pada 42 dari 80 merpati batu yang diperiksa sehingga, prevalensi keseluruhan infestasi kutu adalah 52,5%. Prevalensi ektoparasit ditemukan lebih tinggi pada merpati batu muda (60,4%) dibandingkan dengan merpati batu dewasa (37,4%). Columbicola columbae (kutu sayap) dan Colpocephalum turbinatum (kutu badan) adalah dua spesies kutu yang telah ditemukan. Kutu badan lebih banyak ditemukan pada burung Columba livia muda sebesar 47,6% sedangkan kutu sayap lebih banyak ditemukan pada burung Columba livia dewasa sebesar 16,7%. Sebagian besar kutu ditemukan di daerah dada dan abdomen diikuti daerah kepala dan leher.
Keyword: Columba livia, prevalence, ectoparasite, wing lice, body lice, Columba livia, prevalensi, ektoparasit, kutu sayap, kutu badan