Judul: Pendugaan Emisi Karbondioksida (CO2) dari Sektor Perubahan Penggunaan Lahan di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah
Abstrak: Perubahan penggunaan lahan merupakan sektor yang mempengaruhi emisi gas rumah kaca secara signifikan. Sektor perubahan penggunaan lahan termasuk kebakaran gambut berkontribusi sebesar 53% terhadap nilai emisi gas rumah kaca di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menerapkan konsep total carbon accounting dalam perhitungan emisi karbondioksida (CO2) masa lalu dan masa mendatang di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah berdasarkan perubahan penggunaan lahan yang terjadi. Kelas penggunaan lahan yang digunakan sebagai data aktivitas adalah data penggunaan lahan yang berasal dari Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan sementara faktor emisi yang digunakan adalah faktor emisi lokal yang sudah dirangkum dalam laporan Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional (BAPPENAS). Peta prediksi penggunaan lahan dihasilkan dari pemodelan Land Change Modeler (LCM) dengan prinsip Multi Layer Percepton (MLP) Neural Network. Lahan mineral memiliki luasan yang lebih besar dibanding lahan gambut di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. Perhitungan emisi karbondioksida pada penelitian ini menggunakan tiga periode di masa lalu yaitu 2000 – 2006, 2006 – 2011, dan 2011 – 2016. Dari tiga periode tersebut, emisi tertinggi terjadi pada periode kedua. Emisi tertinggi pada lahan mineral berasal dari peristiwa deforestasi dan pada lahan gambut berasal dari dekomposisi gambut masing – masing sebesar 217 juta ton CO2-eq dan 300 juta ton CO2-eq. Pada periode prediksi (2016 – 2021), emisi cenderung menurun mengikuti tren pada periode sebelumnya. Apabila laju perubahan penggunaan lahan aktual sesuai dengan laju perubahan penggunaan lahan pada pemodelan, target penurunan emisi yang telah ditetapkan oleh pemerintah kemungkinan dapat tercapai.
Keyword: carbon accounting, emisi karbondioksida, perubahan penggunaan lahan

Judul: Pendugaan Emisi CO2 sebagai Gas Rumah Kaca Akibat Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan pada Berbagai Tipe Penutupan Lahan di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah Tahun 2000-2009
Abstrak: Forest fires became yearly severe problems in Indonesia. Central Kalimantan is one of Indonesia’s provinces that experienced severe forest fires in the last decade. Land conversion may be objected as one of trigger of forest fires that will produce carbon dioxide emissions. The purpose of this research is to calculate green house gas emission especially CO2 using hotspot data based on land use conversion at Central Kalimantan in the period 2000-2009. This research conducted between April and June 2012 at Forest Fires Laboratory, Silviculture Department, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University. The data used are MODIS hotspot data from Fire Information Resources Management System (FIRMS), precipitation data from Indonesian Meteorological, Climatological and Geophysical Agency (BMKG), and land cover map of Central Kalimantan from Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO). The research results showed that primary forest decreased by 10% in 2009 while palm oil plantation increased more than 190% in 2009 compared to 2005. The numbers of hotspots are increasing from 2000 to 2009. The highest number of hotspots occurred in 2006 as 22,505 hotspot. The number of hotspots occurred on peat land (7,180) is found more than on mineral land (6,391). The increasing burned area from 2000 to 2009 correlates with the increasing of hotspots number on each land covers. Swamp shrubs have the highest burnt area of 113,609 ha, while the highest carbon emission is found from the land cover conversion of swamp shrubs into palm oil plantations as 801,764 tons. The highest carbon dioxide emission on mineral land in Central Kalimantan is found from shrubs in 2005 (459,427 ton). The highest carbon dioxide emission on peat land is found at disturbed swamp forest in 2005 (80,851 ton) and undisturbed swamp forest in 2009 (180,531 ton).
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Judul: Pemurnian dan karakterisasi protein inhibitor RNA helikase virus hepatitis C
Abstrak: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the second most common chronic viral infection in the world with global prevalence. This infection is contribution to chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, often leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. There is no effective drug and vaccine available against HCV. The current standard treatment, a combination of pegylated interferon-α with ribavirin, is limited by its suboptimal response rate in a significant patient population, side effects, and affordability. Therefore, development of effective drug is needed. One approach to find out the candidate of antiviral drug is to discover the inhibitor of enzyme that essential for virus replication, such as RNA helicase. Streptomyces chartreusis 5-095 produce the inhibitor of HCV RNA helicase. The aim of this study was to purify the protein inhibitor which has inhibition activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV from S. chartreusis 5-095. The supernatant of culture S. chartreusis 5-095 exhibited high inhibiton activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV (approximately 72%) at 10 days of incubation. The extracellular protein inhibitor was partially purified by procedures of precipitation with ammonium sulfate to 65% saturation and gel filtration (Sephadex G50) using methanol water solution (4:6) as an eluen. The purity of protein inhibitor was monitored by SDS PAGE. The protein inhibitor showed a relative molecular mass were estimated to be 14 kDa and increased the purity 23,08 fold than those of the crude protein. The specific activity and IC50 after purification were 13,1338 U/mg and 0,0767 mg/mL, respectively. The activity of purified protein inhibitor showed its stability over pH range from 5-8 and optimum at pH 7,4. The inhibition activity showed its stability up to 70% at temperature 100 oC. The purified protein inhibitor relatively stable its activity at storage in the range of -20 oC to room temperature for 35 days.
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