Judul: Perbandingan metode regresi kuadrat terkecil dengan metode kekar
Abstrak: Ordinary least squares method is generally used to estimate parameter of a linear model. However, ordinary least squares is vulnerable against outliers because this method treats every element of data with equal weight. To overcome this problem, several studies have been done to find methods that produce more robust estimator. The robust methods being studied in this paper are weighted least squares, least absolute deviations, least median squares, and least trimmed squares methods. The comparison among those methods indicates that the method of least absolute deviation and weighted least squares are more resistant in case of the presence of outliers in the dependent variable. Meanwhile, least median squares and least trimmed squares methods are resistant to the presence of outliers both in the dependent and independent variable.
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Judul: Kajian Pemodelan Regresi Kekar Menggunakan Metode Penduga-MM dan Kuadrat Median Terkecil
Abstrak: Regresi merupakan metode statistika yang digunakan untuk menduga pola hubungan dua peubah atau lebih yang disajikan dalam persamaan garis regresi. Persamaan garis ini umumnya diperoleh dari pendugaan menggunakan metode kuadrat terkecil (MKT). Namun demikian, MKT memiliki keterbatasan yaitu sangat dipengaruhi pencilan. Salah satu penyelesaian masalah pencilan pada analisis regresi adalah menggunakan metode regresi kekar. Penelitian ini menggunakan regresi kekar median kuadrat terkecil atau LMS dan multi-stage method (MM). Analisis dilakukan terhadap data simulasi hasil pembangkitan dan data aktual. Simulasi analisis regresi menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa metode LMS maupun MM memiliki kinerja lebih baik dibandingkan dengan MKT pada data yang mengandung pencilan. Metode MM memiliki rata-rata nilai bias pendugaan parameter terkecil, diikuti oleh LMS kemudian MKT. Metode LMS memiliki ratarata nilai root mean squares error (RMSE) terkecil dan rata-rata 𝑅������2 tertinggi, diikuti oleh MM kemudian MKT. Hasil perbandingan analisis regresi ketiga metode tersebut pada data produksi padi Indonesia tahun 2017 yang mengandung 10% pencilan diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa metode LMS merupakan metode terbaik. Metode LMS menghasilkan RMSE terkecil yaitu sebesar 4.44 dan 𝑅������2 tertinggi yaitu sebesar 98%. Metode MM berada pada posisi kedua terbaik dengan RMSE 6.78 dan 𝑅������2 96%. MKT menghasilkan RMSE terbesar dan 𝑅������2 terendah yaitu berturut-turut sebesar 23.15 dan 58%.
Keyword: least median of squares,, encilan, regresi kekar, root mean squares error

Judul: Pewarisan Genetik Transgen Hd3a pada Tanaman Nicotiana benthamiana Transgenik
Abstrak: Hd3a gene has been successfully introduced into Nicotiana benthamiana genome. In vitro culture, the putative transgenic of N. benthamiana give a flower very early. This plant must be molecularly analyzed to confirm the integration of Hd3a transgene under the control of 35SCaMV promoter in the genome. The objective of this research was to analyze the integration, stability and genetic inheritance of Hd3a transgene under 35SCaMV promoter in transgenic N. benthamiana. Mendelian inheritance pattern of hpt fused to Hd3a transgene with 3:1 ratio has been detected in T1 generation of transgenic N. benthamiana. This pattern showed that transgenic N. benthamiana is heterozygous for hpt fused to Hd3a transgene. In addition, this result indicated that the transgenic N. benthamiana contains one single copy of hpt and Hd3a transgenes integrated in the genome. The molecular analysis showed that T0 and T1 generation of transgenic N. benthamiana contain Hd3a transgene. Hd3a transgene caused an early flowering phenotype in transgenic N. benthamiana E.26.3 line. Average of flowering time in E.26.3 line is 40,5 days after germination. An early flowering character was not observed in E.21.3 line probably caused by the suppression of Hd3a gene.
Keyword: genetic inheritance, Hd3a gene, Nicotiana benthamiana