Judul: Cost Optimization on Athletes' Food Menu Scheduling using Goal Programming
Abstrak: Penjadwalan menu makanan atlet dengan optimalisasi biaya merupakan bentuk alokasi makanan yang bertujuan mengoptimalkan performa atlet dan mengoptimalkan biaya yang dibutuhkan untuk menjadwalkan menu makanan atlet setiap hari. Hal terpenting dalam menjadwalkan menu makanan seorang atlet adalah periodisasi gizi. Periodisasi ini sangat berguna untuk mendukung program pelatihan fisik yang memerlukan perencanaan, seperti asupan zat gizi makro dan mikro harian atlet yang disesuaikan berdasarkan jenis latihan dan komposisi tubuh. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan menjadwalkan menu makanan atlet untuk memenuhi kebutuhan zat gizi makro dan mikro harian atlet. Pada penelitian ini, metode goal programming digunakan untuk mengoptimalkan biaya dalam penjadwalan menu makanan atlet. Variabel deviasi dalam goal programming mengukur kekurangan atau kelebihan nilai suatu variabel dari batas idealnya. Implementasi model pada penelitian ini menggunakan software LINGO 19.0. Dari hasil implementasi diperoleh berat dan jenis makanan yang dipilih untuk dikonsumsi atlet setiap hari yang memenuhi kebutuhan gizi dengan kelebihan biaya sesedikit mungkin., Cost Optimization on Athletes' Food Menu Scheduling using Goal Programming. Supervised by FARIDA HANUM and TONI BAKHTIAR. Scheduling the athlete's food menu with cost optimization is a form of food allocation that aims to optimize the athlete's performance and optimize the costs needed to schedule the athlete's diet every day. The most important thing in scheduling an athlete's diet is nutritional periodization. This periodization is very useful to support physical training programs that require planning, such as the athlete's daily intake of macro and micro nutrients that are adjusted based on the type of exercise and body composition. Therefore, this study aims to schedule the athlete's diet to meet the athletes' daily macro and micronutrient needs. In this study, the goal programming method was used to optimize costs in scheduling athletes' food menus. Variable deviation in goal programming measures the lack or excess of the value of a variable from its ideal limit. The implementation of the model in this study uses the LINGO 19.0 software. From the results of the implementation, it is found that the weight and type of food chosen for athletes to consume every day that meets nutritional needs with as little excess cost as possible.
Keyword: athlete, cost optimization, food menu, goal programming, scheduling

Judul: Penyelenggaraan Makanan, Tingkat Konsumsi Dan Analisis Preferensi Atlet Di Sma Negeri Ragunan Jakarta
Abstrak: The appropriate of nutrition is a main basic for athletes to perform their ability in a competition. SMA Negeri Ragunan Jakarta is one of the institution that provides any training programs of some sports. This institution supplies foods every day to the athletes. The objective of this research is for knowing the role of food organization system, the consumption level of energy and macronutrients, and also the preference of the athletes in SMA Negeri Ragunan Jakarta. The research was conducted by using analytic descriptive design from April to May 2009. Samples was chosen with the purposive sampling. The amount of sample is 40 athletes, divided into 5 athletes of archery, 12 athletes of volley, 11 athletes of swimming and 12 athletes of atlethic. The food organization system in SMA Negeri Ragunan Jakarta have required the standard of food organizer. The food organization system have worked well. More than half of samples (67.5%) have deficit in the level consumption of energy. Almost of samples (62.5%) consumed protein between 66.7 and 100 percent (adequate). Most of samples (77.5%) consumed fat less than 20 percent and 97.5 percent of samples consumed carbohydrate more than 70 percent. Research shows that the time dividing have a correlation with the level of energy consumption. The level of energy consumption increase when the meal divides in a appropriate time. The appropriate of time serving and cleanness of canteen have significantly positive correlated with the level consumption of energy
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Judul: Merremia dennstedt ex endlicher (Convolvulaceae) in Sumatra.
Abstrak: Merremia is a small genus in the family Convolvulaceae. Merremia is a perennial or annual herb or woody liana with stems creeping or twinning on trees or rocks, put out milky white sap when injured and some species with tubers. Merremia is often confused with genus Ipomoea, due to they have resemblance in funnel shaped or campanulate corolla and straight anther. Phenetically, some members of Merremia have yellow flower whereas Ipomoea has white, purple or purplish white. Merremia is also confused with Operculina due both have non-spinulose pollen and dehiscent capsule. Nevertheless, Operculina characterized by circumciselli capsule and Merremia characterized by valve capsule. The important character in Merremia is the spread of the hairs on corolla that can be easily observed at the mature flower bud. The genus Merremia is found in the tropical regions of both hemispheres. Merremia wildly distributed throughout the tropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, North and South America and approximately there were 80 species of Merremia in the world. A Total of 175 sheets (164 collection numbers) which are deposited in Herbarium Bogoriense, 97 sheets (95 collection numbers) which are deposited Andalas University Herbarium (ANDA) and 9 sheets (4 collection numbers) which are deposited in BIOTROP Herbarium (BIOT) were studied. It composed of all specimens of Merremia in Sumatra. Additional specimens were collected by the author 28 sheets (15 collection numbers) from North Sumatra, West Sumatra and Lampung, which are stored in BO and BIOT. The digital data that consist of type specimens and distributions of species from JSTOR Plant Science and Convolvulaceae Unlimited were also used here. All the hebarium specimens were studied based on their morphological characters following de Vogel (1987) and Rifai (1976). The terminology of morphological characters followed Lawrence (1955), Veldkamp (1987), Harris and Harris (1994), Hickey and King (2005) and Stearn (1983). Information on the habitat, ecology, distribution, vernacular names and uses were noted from the specimens label and literatures. Taxonomic studies in Sumatra were conducted. There are eight species, one subspecies, one varietas and two forma from nine previously species (M. cissoides, M. dissecta, M. emarginata, M. hirta, M. peltata, M. quinquefolia, M. tridentata, M. tuberosa and M. vitifolia), two subspecies (M. umbellata ssp. orientalis and M. tridentata ssp. hastata), one varietas (M. boisiana var. sumatrana) and two forma (M. hederacea f. pubescens and M. hederacea f. barbata) can be recognized. One species (M. tridentata) and subspecies (M. tridentata ssp. hastata) are excluded because they have been proposed to different new taxa Xenostegia by Austin and Staples. The existence of M. emarginata was noted as new record in Sumatra and M. cissoides was noted as new record in Indonesia. A phylogenetic analysis using PAUP*4.Ob10 was undertaken based on morphological characters, using Evolvulus nummularius and Porana volubis as the out group. The phylogenetic analysis used 35 morphological characters was resulted consistency index (CI) = 0.60, homoplasy index (HI) = 0.40, retention index (RI) = 0.56 and Rescaled consistency index (RC) = 0.34. Phylogenetic tree used morphological characters divided taxa into two groups. The separation support M. boisiana var. sumatrana, M. cissoides, M.
Keyword: Convolvulaceae, Merremia, morphology, phylogenetic, Sumatra