Judul: Effects Invesment on Labor Absorption in Riau
Abstrak: Investasi atau Pembentukan Modal Tetap Bruto adalah indikator yang memengaruhi pendapatan nasional dan berdampak pada penyerapan tenaga kerja. PMTB adalah pembelian barang modal berupa perumahan, jalan, bandar udara, dan aset non-perumahan lainnya, dalam kurun waktu lebih dari setahun. Pemerintah dapat melakukan investasi untuk mendukung perekonomian negara. Riau merupakan salah satu daerah dengan realisasi investasi tertinggi di Pulau Sumatera, sehingga membuka peluang terhadap besarnya jumlah tenaga kerja yang akan terserap. Metode data panel digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu mencakup 12 kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Riau tahun 2017-2021. Variabel investasi atau pembentukan modal tetap bruto (PMTB), produk domestik regional bruto (PDRB), dan upah minimum kabupaten/kota (UMK) yaitu sebagai variabel independen. Sedangkan, tenaga kerja sebagai variabel dependen. Hasil analisis menunjukkan pembentukan modal tetap bruto dan produk domestik regional bruto riil memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja di Riau. Sedangkan, upah minimum kabupaten/kota riil memiliki pengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja di Riau., Investment or Gross Fixed Capital Formation is an indicator that affects national income and has an impact on employment. PMTB is the purchase of capital goods in the form of housing, roads, airports, and other non-residential assets, within a period of more than a year. The government can invest to support the country's economy. Riau is one of the areas with the highest investment realization on the island of Sumatra, thus opening up opportunities for the large number of workers to be absorbed. The panel data method used in this study covers 12 districts/cities in Riau Province in 2017-2021. Investment variables or Gross Fixed Capital Formation (PMTB), Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and Regency/City Minimum Wages (UMK) are independent variables. While labor as the dependent variable. The results of the analysis show that Gross Fixed Capital Formation and real Gross Domestic Product have a positive and significant effect on employment in Riau. Meanwhile, the real regency/city minimum wages has an insignificant effect on employment in Riau.
Keyword: panel data, invesment, gross fixed capital formation, Riau, labor

Judul: Analysis of the Impact of Capital and Labor on the Regional Economy in Indonesia
Abstrak: Perekonomian regional merupakan proses dimana pemerintah daerah bersama masyarakat berusaha untuk mengelola sumber daya dan membentuk kerja sama untuk memajukan perekonomian. Menurut teori neo klasik, modal dan tenaga kerja termasuk dalam faktor-faktor produksi yang memengaruhi perkembangan perekonomian regional. Hingga saat ini, struktur perekonomian Indonesia masih didominasi oleh Pulau Jawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kondisi perekonomian regional dan menganalisis pengaruh investasi domestik, investasi luar negeri, infrastruktur listrik, infrastruktur kesehatan, dan tenaga kerja terhadap perekonomian regional di Indonesia selama periode 2010-2021. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis data panel. Hasil estimasi data panel menunjukkan bahwa investasi domestik, investasi luar negeri, infrastruktur listrik, infrastruktur kesehatan, dan tenaga kerja secara signfikan berpengaruh positif terhadap perekonomian regional di Indonesia. Tenaga kerja menjadi variabel yang paling kecil dalam memengaruhi perekonomian regional karena adanya kaitan dengan pengangguran dan perubahan struktur ekonomi., The regional economy is a process where local governments and communities try to manage resources and form partnerships to advance the economy. According to the neo-classical theory, capital and labor are included in the factors of production that impact regional economic development. Until now, the structure of the Indonesian economy is still dominated by Java. This study aims to describe the condition of the regional economy and analyze the impact of domestic investment, foreign investment, electricity infrastructure, health infrastructure, and labor to the regional economy in Indonesia during the 2010-2021 period. The analytical method used in this research is descriptive analysis and panel data analysis. The panel data estimation results show that domestic investment, foreign investment, electricity infrastructure, health infrastructure, and labor have a significant positive effect on the regional economy in Indonesia. Labor is the smallest variable affecting the regional economy because of its connection with unemployment and changes in economic structure.
Keyword: Data Panel, Modal, Perekonomian Regional, Tenaga Kerja

Judul: Sintesis Flavonol melalui 2’-Hidroksikalkon
Abstrak: Flavonol is a class of flavonoids commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Flavonol is very useful, especially in food sector and health. In this study, flavonol unsubstituted was successfully synthesized from an intermediate material 2’-hydroxychalcone. The 2’-hydroxychalcone was synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation method between o-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde using 4 different catalysts, namely KOH 60%, solid pellet of KOH-grinding technique, BF3-Et2O, and NaH in DMF. The KOH 60% was the best catalyst, giving the highest yield (57%). Afterward, the flavonol was synthesized in 1-stage oxidation cyclization of o-hydroxyacetophenone using Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction, giving 76%. The flavonol total yield from 2’-hydroxychalcone was 43%. All synthesized products were characterized by their melting points and their spectra. The success of the synthesis flavonol opens the way to synthesis of useful flavonol derivatives such as quercetin and kaempferol
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