Judul: Appropriateness of design and construction of danish seine net on 20 GT boat for improvement of its operational performance
Abstrak: Danish seine net called in Indonesia language “cantrang” is a fishing gear shaped a pocket made with two seams of webbing, without any net mouth opening equipment. Since 1960, cantrang known as one of the popular fishing gear fishing in the north coast of Java. Post issued Presidential Decree No. 39 in 1980 which prohibits the use of trawl nets have an impact on fishing trawlers. Furthermore trawl fishermen replace with cantrang. There are various design and construction of the Danish seine net with a different measurement. The fisherman used various capacity of the cantrang boat. Regulation of government had permits fisherman using not more than 30 GT. Therefore, it needs on assessment of suitability of the gear related to the net dimension and boat size with respect to the level of working comfort onboard. The general objective of this study is to determine appropriateness of Danish seine net dimension and onboard area for more optimum used regarding safety of fishing operation. The specific objectives are: (1) To predict height of mouth opening of the Danish seine net through laboratory test of the model scaled net on the flume tank; (2) To assess the design and construction through determining the shape of Danish seine net and to compare the net components used on 20 GT boat; (3) To analysis the net layout, work – network and utilizing level of area onboard by considering working comfort for fishing operation effectiveness. In this study, primary data collected used a purposive sampling method for the danish seine boat of 20 GT based in Rembang Regency and Archipelagic Fishing Port (PPN) of Brondong. The data analyses used were a flume tank laboratory test analysis, comparison analysis, net work analysis and work safety assessment. Dimension (long x wide) of cantrang Rembang was 51,56 x 37,72 meters and Brondong 43,52 x 49,35 meters with 2 seams system. The data analysis shows that circumference of mouth 55 m dan 46,56 m. The Simulations of buoyancy of heard rope and shinking force of ground rope shows the additioning of floats and shinkers was increased the vertical or high of net mouth and cantrang could touch of ground. Danish seine net has technical characteristic of 60% matched with the national standard value (SNI 01-72312006). The net used by the fishers has more net panels (11-13 panels) that made the body on net was longer. The result shows that the height of net mouth opening on the flume tank current speed of 20, 30 and 50 cm/s was 34, 24 and 18 cm, respectively these values indicated the height of net mouth opening decreased by the increase of the water current in the flume tank. The shape mouth of net was a circle an oval shape and body of net its like cone. The on board working area is very limited, where as every activity position of crews has accident probability. The cantrang operation was stared from setting such as throwing of float, circling of warp rope, release the net and taking the float. Some accident probabilities were related to pacing activity
Keyword: Danish seine, net, design, construction, characteristic, safety, critical time

Judul: The Suitability of The Shape of The Rafters for The Operation of Traps and Gillnets in Central Tapanuli Regency
Abstrak: Statistik Perikanan Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara (PPN) Sibolga 2016 hingga 2020 menunjukkan bahwa kunjungan kapal berukuran 11-30 GT didominasi oleh kapal liftnet, gillnet dan bubu yang tergolong dalam kelompok kapal static gear. Kelompok kapal static gear merupakan kelompok kapal yang memprioritaskan performa stabilitas, sehingga kelompok ini membutuhkan kapal dengan kasko yang memiliki stabilitas yang baik. Namun, kapal yang digunakan oleh nelayan Tapanuli Tengah berupa kapal dengan bentuk kasko round bottom. Hal ini dapat menjadi masalah, sebab kapal dengan bentuk kasko round bottom dapat memiliki kestabilan yang buruk. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis kualitas stabilitas kapal yang dibangun di Tapanuli Tengah saat mengoperasikan alat tangkap bubu dan gillnet. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara mengambil dua sampel kapal secara accidental sampling berukuran 11–30 GT yang sedang dibangun di galangan kapal tradisional di Tapanuli Tengah. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan perhitungan matematis dan simulasi stabilitas. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dan komparatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dimensi utama kasko kapal bubu dan gillnet yang diteliti telah sesuai sebagai kapal static gear pada umumnya di Indonesia. Stabilitas kapal yang diteliti juga telah sesuai dengan kriteria IMO. Berdasarkan simulasi, kondisi kapal saat beroperasi di fishing ground merupakan kondisi yang memiliki tingkat stabilitas paling tinggi. Selain itu, simulasi kapal menunjukkan stabilitas yang lebih baik diperoleh saat kapal mengoperasikan gillnet. Kata kunci: desain kapal, kapal perikanan, kasko kapal, stabilitas, vertical centre of gravity (KG), Statistics of the Sibolga Archipelagic Fishing Port (PPN) for period of 2016 to 2020 shows that the type of 11-30 GT fishing vessels calling at the port are mostly liftnet, gillnet and trap. Those vessels are classified as vessels operating static fishing gear which require high stability performance, hence the hull should be designed accordingly. However, the vessels used by the fishers of Central Tapanuli are vessels with round bottom hull. This can be challenging, because rounded bottom can be very unstable. The purpose of this study was to analyze the stability of the vessel built in Central Tapanuli when operating traps and gillnets. The research was conducted by accidentally sampling two units of 11-30 GT vessels being built at a traditional vessels in Central Tapanuli. Data processing was carried out by mathematical calculations and stability simulations. Data analysis was carried out descriptively and comparatively. The results showed that the hull dimensions of the trap and gillnet vessels were similar to typical static gear operated in Indonesia. The stability of the vessel also met the IMO criteria. Stability simulation shows that when operating at the fishing ground, the vessel reach its highest level of stability. In addition, the simulation shows that better stability was obtained when operating gillnet. Keywords: fishing vessel, hull, stability, fishing vessel design, vertical centre of gravity (KG)
Keyword: fishing vessel, hull, stability, fishing vessel design, vertical centre of gravity (KG)

Judul: Kista Luteal Proses Terjadinya dan Penanggulangannya Pada Sapi Perah
Abstrak: Salah satu kista pada ovari adalah kista luteal, merupakan gangguan reproduksi yang diawali oleh gagalnya sel telur untuk terovulasi, sebagai akibat ketidak seimbangan hormonal dalam tubuh. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kegagalan hipofisa dalam melepaskan hormon lutein (LH) dalam jumlah yang cukup untuk terjadinya ovulasi dan pembentukan korpus luteum. Ovum yang tidak terovulasi ini akan menetap dalam follikel, selanjutnya follikel menetap pada ovarium dan menjadi kista. Kista follikel yang tidak mendapat pengobatan selama 29 hari atau lebih akan membentuk sel - sel lutein yang akan menghasilkan hormon progesteron sehingga gejala klinis yang terlihat ialah hilangnya gejala birahi yang biasanya muncul secara periodik. ...
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