Judul: Physicochemical stability of anti-aging cream formulas with active ingredients of nanoemulsions and nanophytosomes of the combinations of dragon blood processing waste extract and gotu kola leaf extract
Abstrak: Nowadays, beauty products are increasingly loved by the people of Indonesia, one of which is anti-aging cream. However, most of the anti-aging creams on the market synthetic active ingredients that are harmful and imported. The nanoemulsions and nanophytosomes from the combination of dragon blood processing waste extract and gotu kola leaf extract are the substitute active ingredient. This study aims to determine the physicochemical stability of the eight types of anti-aging cream formulas that were stored for 21 days. The eight types of cream formulas were the cream formulas with different active ingredients, such as the nanoemulsions from extract combinations of dragon blood: gotu kola 1:1 (NEJP) 4% (F1) and 8% NEJP (F2), nanophytosomes from extract combinations of dragon blood: gotu kola 1:1 (NFJP) 4% (F3) and (NFJP) 8% (F4), extract combinations of dragon blood: gotu kola 1:1(JP) 1.2% (F5) and JP 2.4% (F6), negative control (KN), and positive control (KP). The results showed that all formulas had stable homogeneity, color, and odor. Storage for 21 days decreased the physicochemical properties of most cream formulas such as pH, spreadability, and viscosity. However, all cream formulas that were stored for 21 days still met the quality standard of SNI 16-4399-1996., Dewasa ini produk kecantikan semakin digandrungi oleh masyarakat Indonesia, salah satunya krim anti-aging. Namun sebagian besar formula krim antiaging yang beredar di pasaran menggunakan bahan aktif sintetik berbahaya dan impor. Teknologi nanoemulsi dan nanofitosom kombinasi ekstrak limbah jernang dan daun pegagan menjadi bahan aktif penggantinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan stabilitas fisikokimia delapan jenis formula krim anti-aging yang disimpan selama 21 hari. Delapan jenis formula krim tersebut adalah formula krim berbahan aktif nanoemulsi kombinasi ekstrak jernang:pegagan 1:1 (NEJP) 4% (F1), NEJP 8% (F2), nanofitosom jernang:pegagan 1:1 (NFJP) 4% (F3), (NFJP) 8% (F4), kombinasi ekstrak jernang:pegagan 1:1(JP) 1,2% (F5) dan JP 2,4% (F6), kontrol negatif (KN), dan kontrol positif (KP). Seluruh formula krim diberikan perlakuan penyimpanan selama 21 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semua formula memiliki homogenitas, warna, dan aroma yang stabil. Penyimpanan selama 21 hari menurunkan sifat fisikokimia sebagian besar formula krim seperti pH, daya sebar, dan viskositas. Akan tetapi, semua formula krim yang disimpan selama 21 hari masih memenuhi standar kualitas SNI 16-4399-1996.
Keyword: Spreadability, Homogeneity, Organoleptic, pH, Viscosity

Judul: Physicochemical Stability of Anti-aging Cream Formulas with Active Ingredients of Nanoemulsion and Nanophytosome of Merbau Wood  Extracts and Pegagan Leaf Extracts Combination
Abstrak: Penuaan kulit dapat dicegah dengan menggunakan krim anti-aging, tetapi umumnya berbahan aktif sintetik yang berbahaya dan impor. Nanofitosom dan nanoemulsi kombinasi ekstrak kayu merbau dan daun pegagan (KE) menjadi subsitusinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan stabilitas sifat fisikokimia empat belas formula krim berbahan aktif KE1:2 (F1:1,2%; F2:2,4%), KE2:1 (F3:4%; F4:8%), nanoemulsi KE1:2 (F5:4%; F6:8%), nanoemulsi KE2:1 (F7:4%; F8:8%), nanofitosom KE1:2 (F9:4%; F10:8%), nanofitosom KE2:1 (F11:4%; F12:8%), kontrol negatif (KN), dan kontrol positif (KP) yang disimpan pada suhu ruang selama 21 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan homogenitas, warna, dan aroma semua formula krim stabil. Kecuali F2 dan F12, kedua belas formula krim memenuhi standar SNI 16-4399- 1996 untuk nilai pH, viskositas, dan daya sebar. Formula krim KP, F3, F4, F5, F6, F7, dan F8 termasuk krim terbaik untuk diaplikasikan pada wajah karena memiliki pH sekitar 4,5-6,5. Penyimpanan selama 21 hari mempengaruhi nilai pH, viskositas, dan daya sebar formula krim tersebut, tetapi masih memenuhi standar SNI 16-4399- 1996., Skin aging can be prevented by using anti-aging creams, but generally using synthetic active ingredients that are dangerous and imported. The combination of merbau woods extract and pegagan leaves (KE) became the substitute. To improve its bioavailability, KE was made into nanophytosome and nanoemulsion. This study aim to determine the stability of the physicochemical properties of fourteen cream formulas with active ingredients KE1:2 (F1:1,2%; F2:2,4%), KE2:1 (F3:4%; F4:8%), KE1 nanoemulsion: 2 (F5:4%; F6:8%), KE2:1 nanoemulsion (F7:4%; F8:8%), KE1:2 nanophytosome (F9:4%; F10:8%), KE2:1 nanophytosome (F11:4%; F12:8%), negative control (KN), and positive control (KP). The creams were stored at room temperature for 21 days. The results showed that all cream formulas' homogeneity, color, and aroma were stable. Except for F2 and F12, the twelve cream formulas met the standards of SNI 16-4399-1996 for the value of pH, viscosity, and spreadability. KP, F3, F4, F5, F6, F7, and F8 cream formulas are among the best creams to be applied to the face because they have a pH value of around 4.5-6.5. The storage for 21 days affected the pH value, viscosity, and spreadability, but they still met the standard of SNI 16-4399-1996.
Keyword: spreadability, homogeneity, organoleptic, pH, viscosity

Judul: Kontribusi Sektor Perbankan Terhadap Pembanguan Sulawesi Utara
Abstrak: Pembangunan nasional yang dilaksanakan dibidang ekonomi memerlukan dana dan biaya. Peranan perbankan di Sulawesi Utara adalah menghimpun.dana dari masyarakat dan melepaskan kembali dana i t u kepada masyarakat perusahan melalui kredi t.
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