Judul: Kajian penggunaan 2-ropanol sebagai media pencelupan (immersion precipitant) pada pembuatan membran ultrafiltrasi dari polisulfon
Abstrak: Struktur membran dapat dibagi menjadi dua yaitu struktur jari dan spons. Perbedaan struktur ini, dapat diciptakan dengan membedakan media celupan. Pada penelitian Sembiring(2005), melakukan penelitian membran berstruktur jari dengan media celupan 100% air destilata.
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Judul: Kajian struktur dan uji fluks membran polisulfon dengan metode inversi fasa
Abstrak: Pada penelitian ini pembuatan membran polisulfon dilakukan dengan metode inversi fasa dengan harapan diperoleh struktur morfologi membran yang rapat dan berpori dengan menggunakan pelarut DMAc. Pembuatan membran polisulfon dengan melakukan variasi konsentrasi dan variasi waktu sonikasi. Perlakuan sonikasi menggunakan alat ultrasonics processor (Cole-Palmer 20 kHz 130 watt). Variasi konsentrasi sebagai berikut : konsentrasi 10%, 12%, 15% masing-masing sonikasi selama 3 jam. Variasi waktu sonikasi menggunakan konsentrasi 10% dengan waktu sonikasi 0 jam, 0.5 jam, 1 jam. Sistem filtrasi menggunakan aliran umpan dengan metode dead end artinya aliran umpan tegak lurus permukaan membran. Pada pengamatan kinerja membran dilakukan beberapa karakterisasi seperti karakterisasi X-ray diffraction (XRD) dari semua sampel membran polisulfon menunjukkan membran bersifat amorf, konsentrasi 15% memiliki nilai intensitas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan konsentrasi 12% dan 10%, sedangkan pada variasi waktu sonikasi, konsentrasi 10%, waktu 0,5 jam memiliki nilai intensitas yang tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang 3 jam dan 1 jam, scanning electron microscope (SEM) morfologi penampang melintang membran melalui citra SEM memperlihatkan pori-pori yang terbentuk yaitu asimetri menjari, permukaan melintang 10% lebih rapat dibandingkan dengan 12% dan 15%, ukuran pori konsentrasi 10%, 12%, 15% yaitu berkisar 1-1,8 μm. Ukuran pori konsentrasi 10 % variasi waktu 0 jam, 0,5 jam, 1 jam yaitu 1-2,5 μm, fourier transform infrared (FTIR) membuktikan adanya gugus fungsi sulfon yang terbentuk dalam membran pada bilangan gelombang 1150 cm-1, 1170 cm-1, 1298 cm-1, 1325 cm-1, dan Hasil fluks diperoleh nilai optimum pada konsentrasi 10% dengan waktu sonikasi 0.5 jam.
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Judul: Dog Ticks Infestation and Its Correlation to Tick-Borne Diseases.
Abstrak: Ticks infestation on dog could lead to itchiness, anemia, skin disorders, and tick-borne diseases, such as Ehrlichiosis, Babesiosis, Anaplasmosis and Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. Besides dogs, Ehrlichiosis were known to be zoonotic. Pre-mature stage tick life cycle that occur outside its host, will enhance contacts between ticks and human. The study of ticks infestation and tick-borne diseases on the dog is necessary, because it has not a lot of information about the diversity, prevalence and degree of ticks infestation in Indonesia. Ticks survey, included ticks sampling and dogs blood test were performed at Animal Police Directorate Security Agency (Baharkam) and Atang Sendjaja Air Force (ATS). Meanwhile ticks sampling also data of cases of ticks infestation and diseases transmitted obtained from 21 veterinary clinics in Bogor, Jakarta and Bandung. All ticks samples stored in bottles containing 70% alcohol for identification. Blood tests performed for Ehrlichiosis, Babesiosis and Anaplasmosis diagnosis. The identification results of the 950 ticks samples that obtained from 97 dogs of Baharkam, ATS and veterinary clinics in Bogor, Jakarta and Bandung, showed only one ticks species, Rhipicephalus sanguineus. This ticks belong to three-host tick, which require three hosts to complete its life cycle. Each ticks stage need a host, either same dog (if it is in place there is only one or a few dogs), as well as different dogs. Research in Baharkam conducted on 81 dogs (53 males and 28 females). The prevalence of dogs infested by ticks was 67.90%. The percentage of male dogs that infested by ticks are larger (69.81%) than female (64.29%). Based on Chi-Square test, there was no relationship between sex and breed of dog with degree of ticks infestation. Generally dogs infested with mild infestation category (41.98%), meanwhile moderate category was 18.52%, 2.47% high and 4.94% very high. The dog’s body region that the most infested by R. sanguineus was dog's back. Probably these body regions were be preferred because they are less accessible for the dog to remove them with its paws. Collection of ticks with tick-drag on Baharkam grass field showed positive results on the field that was more often used to practice by dogs. The samples that obtained was larvae stage ticks with density 152 larvae on 215m2 area of the field. Adult stage ticks and several adult females which laying eggs on the cage wall were obtained in the dog kennels. Whole of male and female ATS dogs infested with ticks (14 dogs). In general, dogs infested with very high infestation category was 64.29%, compared by high degree category (21.43%) and moderate (14.29%). Ticks predilection were found mostly on the dog’s head – neck. On ATS grass field did not reveal any ticks, but positively inside the kennels. It happens probably because dogs are rarely released from the kennel, so that the ticks was did drop-off inside the kennel. The total cases of ticks infestation of dogs at Bogor, Jakarta and Bandung veterinary clinics in 2008 until June 2013 as many as 731 cases. In general, there was an increases of the ticks infestation prevalence at three cities in that range
Keyword: Anaplasma, Babesia, Ehrlichia canis, Rhipicephalus sanguineus