Judul: Pengembangan Produk Dimsum Tinggi Zat Besi dan Vitamin A sebagai Camilan untuk Wanita Usia Subur
Abstrak: Kekurangan asupan zat besi dan vitamin A berperan dalam penyebab anemia pada wanita usia subur. Hati ayam memiliki kandungan zat besi dan vitamin A yang cukup tinggi. Ikan gurami merupakan salah satu ikan air tawar khas Indonesia yang produktivitasnya semakin meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan dan mengkaji nilai gizi produk dimsum ikan gurami dengan substitusi hati ayam. Tahap penelitian ini meliputi pembuatan formula, uji sensori, analisis kandungan zat gizi, dan analisis karakteristik fisik. Penelitian ini menggunakan empat formula dengan proporsi ikan gurami dan hati ayam yang berbeda, yaitu F0 (100:0), F1 (91:9), F2 (82:18), dan F3 (73:27). Substitusi hati ayam memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap karakteristik dimsum. Berdasarkan hasil analisis uji sensori, analisis kandungan gizi, dan karakteristik fisik, F2 ditetapkan sebagai formula terpilih dengan kandungan 65,04% air, 1,98% abu, 9,81% protein, 2,56% lemak, 20,60% karbohidrat, 7,46 mg/100 gram zat besi, dan 975,08 µg/100 gram. Satu takaran saji dimsum ikan gurami dalam penelitian ini dapat memenuhi kebutuhan energi sebesar 6,4%–7,1% dan dapat memenuhi klaim tinggi zat besi dan tinggi vitamin A., Lack of iron and vitamin A intake have a role in causing anemia among reproductive age women. Chicken liver contains high levels of iron and vitamin A. Gouramy is one of the typical Indonesian freshwater fish whose increased productivity. This study aims to develop and examine the nutritional value of gouramy dimsum products with chicken liver substitution. This research phase includes formula making, sensory testing, analysis of nutrient content, and analysis of physical characteristics. This study used four formulas with different proportions of gouramy and chicken liver, namely F0 (100:0), F1 (91:9), F2 (82:18), and F3 (73:27). Chicken liver substitution has a significant effect on the characteristics of dimsum. Based on the results of sensory test analysis, analysis of nutritional content, and physical characteristics, F2 was determined as the selected formula with a content of 65.04% water, 1.98% ash, 9.81% protein, 2.56% fat, 20.60% carbohydrate, 7.46 mg/100 grams of iron, and 975.08 g/100 grams. One serving of gouramy dimsum in this study can provide 6.4%-7.1% of energy and can be claimed as the high iron and high vitamin A product.
Keyword: chicken liver, dimsum, gourami, iron, vitamin A

Judul: Formulation of Chicken Nugget with the Substitution of Chicken Liver as a Product of High Iron and Vitamin A for Female Adolescent
Abstrak: Adolescent is an important growth phase where there is an increase of nutritional needs in order to support body growths and developments towards maturity. Anemia and vitamin A deficiency are two of nutritional problems that occur in female adolescent caused by inadequate intake of nutrients (both macros and micros). Chicken nugget with chicken liver substitution is an alternative snack that can help increase of iron and vitamin A intake in female teenagers. This study aims to develop a chicken nugget product with chicken liver substitution, and analyze it is nutritional contents. This study used four formulations with different ratios of chicken meat and chicken liver used, namely F0 (100:0), F1 (95:5), F2 (90:10), and F3 (85:15). Organoleptic, physical characteristics test, and nutritional analysis showed that F2 was the selected formula. This selected formula contains 56.8% moisture content, 1.46% ash content, 14.66% protein, 6.5% fat, 12.92% carbohydrate, 16.39 mg iron, and 760.16 RE vitamin A . One serving size of chicken liver nugget is equivalent to 4 pieces of nuggets and it contributes about 168 kcal of energy/day. The selected formula have met the requirements of nutritional claim for protein source, low fat, and high iron and vitamin A content., Remaja merupakan fase kehidupan yang penting dimana terjadi peningkatan kebutuhan gizi dalam rangka menunjang pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tubuh menuju kedewasaan. Anemia dan Kekurangan Vitamin A (KVA) merupakan dua masalah gizi yang terjadi pada remaja putri yang disebabkan oleh asupan zat gizi (baik makro maupun mikro) yang inadekuat. Naget ayam dengan substitusi hati ayam merupakan salah satu alternatif makanan selingan yang dapat membantu meningkatkan asupan zat besi dan vitamin A pada remaja putri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangan serta menganalisis kandungan gizi produk naget berbahan dasar hati ayam. Penelitian ini menggunakan empat formulasi dengan perbandingan daging ayam dan hati ayam yang berbeda, yakni F0 (100:0), F1 (95:5), F2 (90:10), dan F3 (85:15). Berdasarkan hasil uji organoleptik dan analisis kandungan gizi, F2 ditetapkan sebagai formula terpilih. Naget formulasi terpilih mengandung kadar air 56,8%, kadar abu 1,46%, protein 14,66%, lemak 6,5%, karbohidrat 12,92%, zat besi 16,39 mg, serta vitamin A 760,16 RE. Satu takaran saji naget hati ayam setara dengan 4 potong naget serta memberikan kontribusi 168 kkal dari energi sehari. Naget hati ayam formulasi terpilih memenuhi syarat klaim sebagai produk sumber protein, rendah lemak, serta tinggi zat besi dan vitamin A.
Keyword: chicken liver, female adolescent, iron, nugget, vitamin A

Judul: Bifurkasi Hopf pada Model Siklus Bisnis Kaldor Kalecki tanpa dan dengan Waktu Tunda
Abstrak: Business cycle model is one of dynamical system models in economic. One of the business cycles model is Kaldor-Kalecki model. Kaldor-Kalecki business cycle model that is written in delayed defferential equations, is a business cycle model that involves gross product and capital stock of a company. In this paper Kaldor-Kalecki business cycle model is analyzed using both nondelay and delay in time of capital stock. By Taylor expansion for the time delayed model, an analysis of stability around the fixed points has been done. Furthermore, by using Hopf bifurcation theorem, it can be shown that there exists periodic orbits and limit cycle. In the nondelayed model, changing the parameter of goods market could lead to the occurrence of Hopf bifurcation and the existence of limit cycle. Similarly, for the delayed model, it has been shown that changing the time delay parameter may result in the occurrence of Hopf bifurcation and limit cycle.
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