Judul: Aktivitas dan kondisi optimum dekolorisasi zat warna azo jenis Allura Red oleh bakteri
Abstrak: Azo dye used in textile and food industry is the highest contributor to the pollution of the water. Dye decolorization can be done by utilizing bacteria through reduction catalyzed by the enzyme azoreductase. The purpose of this study was to analyze the ability of the bacteria to reduce azo dye Allura Red and optimization of pH and temperature for decolorization activity. Decolorization activity carried out by several cell culture isolates and the optimization of pH and temperature with the production of bacterial cell extracts that had the highest activity in the culture. Test results on several cell culture showed that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 73 has the highest activity in decolorization equal to 81.88%. Enzymes that play a role in the decolorization are constitutively produced in the supernatant fraction of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens cell extracts. Decolorization activity in the reduction of the dye Allura Red optimum at pH 7.0 was 81.40% and a temperature optimum at 370C for 86.82% after incubation for 24 hours.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), reduction, decolorization, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 73, azoreductase

Judul: Isolasi dan Identifikasi Bakteri Penghasil Gen Azoreductase dalam Produk Susu Berwarna Red 40.
Abstrak: Azoreductase is an enzyme that has an ability to docolourize red colour 40 were clacified as an azo compound become an aromatic so that it will make an unprofitable for colour milk production industry. The aim of this research was analyzed existence of bacteria which produce an azoreductase gene that has a function to decolourize in milk product. The qualitative analyze from 17 bacteria isolates showed that all of the red colour milk samples become white colour after 48 hours incubated.The best reduction of colour substance are sample 25.6 and 25.1 with smallest absorbance are 0.171 and 0.173 then continue into statistic analyze that milk sample with isolate 25.6 – F had a real influence against the a control. Activities analyze of azoreductase degradation with semi quantitative in isolate code 91MO73, A, E and F showed that the biggest degradation zone diameter of isolate code F was 3.2 cm and the smallest degradation zone diameter in isolate code E was 1.7 cm. Identification with amplification azoreductase gene product by qPCR had a Ct 24.57, 30.87, 33.48 and 35.32 showed that those bacteria isolate samples contain an azoreductase gene
Keyword: 

Judul: The Calculation of Annual Premiums in Life Insurance for Joint Life using Clayton Copula and Gumbel Copula Models
Abstrak: Asuransi jiwa seumur hidup adalah bentuk pengalihan risiko atas kerugian keuangan oleh tertanggung kepada penanggung yang disebabkan oleh hilangnya jiwa seseorang setelah polis disepakati. Status joint life dalam asuransi jiwa adalah sebuah status bertahan ada selama semua anggota yang terdaftar pada sebuah polis masih hidup dan gagal setelah terjadi kematian pertama. Pada status joint life, pembayaran premi akan berhenti jika salah satu peserta asuransi yang tertanggung dalam polis tersebut meninggal selama periode polis. Biasanya, risiko kematian pasangan suami istri diasumsikan saling bebas, namun dalam kenyataannya kerap kali pasangan suami istri memiliki risiko bersama. Pada karya ilmiah ini, dilakukan penghitungan premi tahunan dari asuransi jiwa seumur hidup joint life bagi pasangan suami istri menggunakan asumsi kebebasan mortalitas dan ketidakbebasan mortalitas dengan model Copula Clayton dan Copula Gumbel. Berdasarkan hasil penghitungan, premi tahunan yang dihitung menggunakan asumsi kebebasan mortalitas lebih besar dibanding asumsi ketidakbebasan mortalitas.
Keyword: Clayton copula, Gumbel copula, joint life, life insurance