Judul: Visual Condition Assessment of the Traditional House of Gadang Mandailing in North Sumatra
Abstrak: Rumah Tradisional Gadang Mandailing merupakan warisan budaya Indonesia yang unik. Rumah Gadang, Rumah Ayu, dan Rumah SD tersusun dari komponen utama kayu. Kayu yang digunakan pada setiap bangunan adalah kayu meranti (Shorea sp.). Identifikasi visual bangunan meliputi pondasi/lantai, dinding, pintu dan jendela, kolom dan atap. Identifikasi meliputi jenis kerusakan dan organisme perusak yang menyerang pada setiap komponen. Hasil identifikasi visual keandalan tiga bangunan rumah adat, yaitu Rumah Gadang 60 %, Rumah Ayu 75%, dan Rumah SD 58%, berdasarkan predikatnya Rumah Gadang dan Rumah SD masuk dalam ketegori Rusak Ringan dimana kedua bangunan mengalami kerusakan umumnya pada bagian non struktural dan Rumah Ayu masuk dalam kategori sedang dimana bangunan masih berfungsi tanpa adanya pemeliharaan rutin. Nilai kadar air rata-rata yang diperoleh pada kayu meranti (Shorea sp.) adalah 11,03%, 11,42%, 12,47 %. Berat Jenis 0,62 g/ cm3, 0,75g/ cm3, 0,75g/ cm3 dan kerapatan 0,69 g/ cm3, 0,84 g/ cm3, 0,85 g/ cm3. Organisme perusak yang ditemui setelah dilakukan pengamatan secara visual berupa serangga jenis Trigona sp., The traditional house of Gadang Mandailing is a distinctive Indonesian cultural heritage. Rumah Gadang, Rumah Ayu, and Rumah SD are constructed of wood as the main component. The wood used in each building is meranti (Shorea sp.). The wood visual condition assessment was conducted through observation on the foundation/floor, walls, doors and windows, columns and roofs. The assessment of the building reliability was analysed on the traditional house buildings, namely Gadang House 60%, Ayu House 75%, and SD House 58%. According to the level of damage, Gadang House and SD House are in Minor Damage Level category, where the two buildings underwent damage in non-structural parts. Meanwhile, Ayu House is in Medium Damage Level, where it is still functioning without routine maintenance. The average moisture content value obtained for each type of wood is 11,03%, 11,42%, 12,47 %. Specific gravity 0,62 g/ cm3, 0,75 g/ cm3, 0,75 g/ cm3 dan density 0,69 g/ cm3, 0,84 g/ cm3, 0.85 g/ cm3. Destructive organisms encountered after visual observation were insects of the Trigona sp.
Keyword: Visual assessment, building reliability, traditional house, physical properties

Judul: Visual Grading of Three Traditional Building in Aceh Province
Abstrak: Bangunan tradisional umumnya menggunakan kayu sebagai bahan baku bangunan. Penggunaan kayu sebagai bahan bangunan membuat bangunan rentan mengalami deteriorasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kondisi visual dan menduga keandalan 3 (tiga) bangunan tradisional di Provinsi Aceh. Identifikasi visual dilakukan pada komponen bangunan atap, dinding, kolom, dinding, pintu dan jendela, serta pondasi atau lantai. Identifikasi meliputi jenis kerusakan yang terjadi pada tiap komponen dan keberadaan organisme perusak. Hasil identifikasi visual menunjukkan jenis kerusakan komponen bangunan umumnya disebabkan oleh cacat berupa retak dan mata kayu. Faktor perusak yang ditemukan berupa jamur pewarna dan rayap. Hasil analisi nilai keandalan dari bangunan tradisional Rumah Maru sebesar 52%, Rumah Rungko 45%, dan Rumah Cut Nyak Dien 72%. Jenis kayu yang digunakan pada Rumah Maru adalah jenis merawan (Hopea sp.), pada Rumah Rungko adalah jenis atedwe (Crataeva sp.), dan pada Rumah Cut Nyak Dien adalah jenis balau (Shorea sp.). Nilai kadar air rerata yang diperoleh masing-masing jenis kayu adalah sebesar 11.64%, 16.47%, dan 15.73%. Nilai rerata BJ dan kerapatan masing-masing jenis kayu yang digunakan sebesar 0.91 dan 1.01 g/cm3, 0.52 dan 0.61 g/cm3, 0.75 dan 0.87 g/cm3. Rumah Maru dan Rumah Rungko masuk kategori rusak ringan, bangunan mengalami kerusakan umumnya pada bagian non struktural, sedangkan Rumah Cut Nyak Dien masuk dalam kategori sedang, bangunan masih berfungsi tanpa adanya pemeliharaan rutin., Traditional buildings generally use wood as a building material. The use of wood as a building material makes buildings easy to be deteriorating. This study aimed to evaluate the visual conditions and estimate the reliability of 3 (three) traditional buildings in Aceh Province. Visual identification was carried out on building components comprising roofs, walls, columns, doors and windows, and base or floors. Identification included the type of damage that has occurred to each component and the presence of destructive organisms. The results of visual identification show the main defects found were cheks/shakes and knots. The deteriorating factors that were found were staining fungi and termite. The reliability value of the traditional buildings of Maru House was 52%, Rungko House 45%, and Cut Nyak Dien House 72%. The wood species used in the Maru House was merawan (Hopea sp.), Rungko House atedwe (Crataeva sp.), and t Cut Nyak Dien House balau (Shorea sp.) wood. The average moisture content value was obtained by each wood species was 11.64%, 16.47%, and 15.73%, respectively. Meanwhile, the mean value of SG and density were 0.91 and 1.01 g/cm3, 0.52 and 0.61 g/cm3, 0.75 and 0.87 g/cm3, respectively Maru's house and Rungko's house were in the lightly damaged category, where the buildings were generally damaged in non-structural parts. Meanwhile, the Cut Nyak Dien House was included in the medium category where the building is still functioning without routine maintenance.
Keyword: building reliability, physical properties, traditional houses, visual identification

Judul: Pengaruh Penambahan Bio Adenosin Tri Phosphat terhadap Profil Kinetik dan Efektivitas Enrofloksasin dalam Mengatasi Coxiella burnetii
Abstrak: Coxiella burnetii belongs to rickettsia group living obligate intracellularly and as the agent of zoonosis Q fever. Enrofloxacine is an antibiotic in quinolon group used to treat infection of C. burnetii in chicken, goat, calve, pig, dog, cat, and horse. From ruminant practical experience, enrofloxacine if be combined with BioATP can enhance the enrofloxacine activity. Research for the effectivity of enrofloxacine and BioATP to treat C. burnetii has never been carried out. Enrofloxacine pharmacokinetic study was carried out by using simental beef as an experimental animals. The effectivity of BioATP supplementation on enrofloxacine activity to treat C. burnetii was tested by using Vero cell tissue culture. The results showed that combination of enrofloxacine and BioATP increased kinetic profile of enrofloxacine in term of onset, duration, pharmacology intensity, and bioavailaibility. Enrofloxacine had activity to treat C. burnetii with value of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) at 1-2 ppm and value of minimal bactericidal concentration at 4 ppm. Supplementation of BioATP improved the effectivity of enrofloxacine in treating C. burnetii.
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