Judul: The Changes of Climate Class Zone in  West Nusa Tenggara based on Climate Change Scenario
Abstrak: Nusa Tenggara Barat merupakan wilayah kepulauan yang terdiri atas dua pulau besar, yaitu Pulau Lombok dan Pulau Sumbawa serta pulau-pulau kecil di sekitarnya, terletak di bagian Indonesia Tengah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perubahan zona kelas iklim di Nusa Tenggara Barat menggunakan klasifikasi iklim metode Koppen, Oldeman, dan Schmidt-Ferguson. Data yang digunakan adalah data curah hujan dan suhu udara dari data observasi dan data luaran model ACCESS-CM2 dari CMIP6. Data CMIP6 digunakan sebagai data histori dan proyeksi dengan tiga skenario, yaitu SSP 1.0-2.6, SSP 2.0-4.5, dan SSP 5.0-8.5. Data luaran model dilakukan koreksi bias terlebih dahulu. Koreksi bias yang digunakan adalah koreksi bias statistik dari metode Piani menggunakan persamaan faktor koreksi yang diperoleh dari regresi linier dari cumulatiove distribution function (CDF) dengan data luaran model. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada periode historis menggunakan data luaran model ACCESS-CM2 diperoleh kombinasi kelas Aw dan BS pada klasifikasi Koppen, E3 dan E4 pada klasifikasi Oldeman, dan D, E, F, dan G pada klasifikasi iklim Schmidt-Ferguson. Wilayah terbasah dengan kombinasi kelas iklim Aw.E3.D terdapat di bagian barat Pulau Lombok dan terkering dengan kombinasi BS.E4.F terdapat di wilayah bagian selatan Pulau Sumbawa. Pada periode proyeksi 10- 20% wilayah Pulau Lombok dan sekitar 20-30% wilayah Pulau Sumbawa menunjukkan perubahan kelas iklim. Proyeksi periode 2031-2060 menggunakan skenario SSP 1.0-2.6 mendapatkan kombinasi kelas Aw.D3.E, Aw.E3.F, Aw.E4.F, Aw.E4.G dan BS.E4.G. Pada skenario SSP 2.0-4.5 mendapatkan kombinasi kelas Am.E3.D, Aw.E3.D, dan Aw.E4.E, sedangkan pada skenario SSP 5.0-8.5 mendapatkan kombinasi Am.D3.D, Aw.D3.D, Aw.E3.E, dan Aw.E4.E.
Keyword: Climate Classification, Koppen, Bias Correction, Oldeman, Schmidt-Ferguson, West Nusa Tenggara

Judul: Projection of Schmidt-Ferguson Climate Classification In Indonesia With ScenarioMIP and GeoMIP
Abstrak: Perubahan iklim yang ditandai dengan perubahan curah hujan dan kenaikan suhu udara terjadi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang perubahan klasifikasi iklim Schmidt-Ferguson di Indonesia periode masa lampau (1984-2013) dan masa depan (2031-2060) dengan ScenarioMIP SSP2-4.5 dan GeoMIP G6Sulfur menggunakan tiga luaran model CMIP6 dengan Multi Model Ensemble (MME). Luaran model dikoreksi menggunakan koreksi bias statistik, kemudian dilakukan perhitungan klasifikasi iklim Schmidt-Ferguson. Penelitian ini mendapatkan hasil ketidakpastian model dengan melihat rentang nilai maksimum dan minimum dari rataan curah hujan tahunan klimatologis pada setiap model ScenarioMIP dan GeoMIP, model skenario GeoMIP G6Sulfur memiliki tingkat ketidakpastian yang tinggi dengan nilai rentang yang lebih besar sebesar 110 mm. Perubahan klasifikasi iklim periode masa depan dengan SSP2-4.5 menunjukkan tipe iklim lebih kering di pulau-pulau Jawa-bali dan Nusa Tenggara dengan penambahan tipe iklim dominan D sebesar 8% kriteria sedang, Pulau Sulawesi dengan penambahan dominan tipe iklim C sebesar 4% kriteria agak basah. G6Sulfur didasari SSP2-4.5 menggambarkan perubahan tipe iklim di Pulau Sumatera, Papua, Maluku, dan Sulawesi menjadi lebih basah, penambahan dominan tipe iklim A berturut-turut sebesar 4%, 6%, dan 2%. Pulau Jawa-Bali dan Nusa Tenggara cenderung mengalami penambahan tipe iklim yang lebih kering, Jawa-Bali mengalami pengurangan tipe iklim A sebesar 4% dan Nusa Tenggara mengalami penambah tipe iklim F sebesar 4% kriteria kering., Climate change characterized by changes in precipitation and increases in air temperature occurs in Indonesia. This study is to obtain information about changes in the Schmidt-Ferguson climate classification in Indonesia in the past (1984-2013) and future (2031-2060) periods with ScenarioMIP SSP2-4.5 and GeoMIP G6Sulfur using three CMIP6 model outputs with Multi Model Ensemble (MME). The model outputs were corrected using statistical bias correction, then the Schmidt-Ferguson climate classification was calculated. This study obtained the results of model uncertainty by looking at the range of maximum and minimum values of climatological annual rainfall averages in each ScenarioMIP and GeoMIP model, the GeoMIP G6Sulfur scenario has a high level of uncertainty with a larger range value of 110 mm. Changes in climate classification for the future period with SSP2-4.5 show a drier climate type on the islands of Java-Bali and Nusa Tenggara with the addition of the dominant climate type D by 8% of moderate criteria, Sulawesi Island with the addition of the dominant climate type C by 4% of slightly wet criteria. G6Sulfur based on SSP2-4.5 illustrates changes in climate type on the islands of Sumatra, Papua, Maluku, and Sulawesi to be wetter, the addition of dominant climate type A by 4%, 6%, and 2%, respectively. Java-Bali and Nusa Tenggara islands tend to experience the addition of a drier climate type, Java-Bali experienced a reduction in climate type A by 4% and Nusa Tenggara experienced a decrease in climate type A by 2%.
Keyword: CMIP6, curah hujan, G6Sulfur, koreksi bias, SSP2-4.5

Judul: Pemurnian dan karakterisasi protein inhibitor RNA helikase virus hepatitis C
Abstrak: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the second most common chronic viral infection in the world with global prevalence. This infection is contribution to chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, often leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. There is no effective drug and vaccine available against HCV. The current standard treatment, a combination of pegylated interferon-α with ribavirin, is limited by its suboptimal response rate in a significant patient population, side effects, and affordability. Therefore, development of effective drug is needed. One approach to find out the candidate of antiviral drug is to discover the inhibitor of enzyme that essential for virus replication, such as RNA helicase. Streptomyces chartreusis 5-095 produce the inhibitor of HCV RNA helicase. The aim of this study was to purify the protein inhibitor which has inhibition activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV from S. chartreusis 5-095. The supernatant of culture S. chartreusis 5-095 exhibited high inhibiton activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV (approximately 72%) at 10 days of incubation. The extracellular protein inhibitor was partially purified by procedures of precipitation with ammonium sulfate to 65% saturation and gel filtration (Sephadex G50) using methanol water solution (4:6) as an eluen. The purity of protein inhibitor was monitored by SDS PAGE. The protein inhibitor showed a relative molecular mass were estimated to be 14 kDa and increased the purity 23,08 fold than those of the crude protein. The specific activity and IC50 after purification were 13,1338 U/mg and 0,0767 mg/mL, respectively. The activity of purified protein inhibitor showed its stability over pH range from 5-8 and optimum at pH 7,4. The inhibition activity showed its stability up to 70% at temperature 100 oC. The purified protein inhibitor relatively stable its activity at storage in the range of -20 oC to room temperature for 35 days.
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