Judul: Correlation between Tree Architecture Models, Soil and Water Conservation at Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park
Abstrak: Soil erosion by water is a worldwide environmental problem which degrades soil productivity and water quality. This research was conducted to find out how tree architecture models influence stemflow, throughfall, infiltration, surface runoff and erosion. The sample of the research was two trees at sub-montane zone Castanopsis argentea BI.with Stone‟s model and Michelia montana Blume. with Petit‟s model. Soil conservation parameter measured for stemflow, throughfall, infiltration, surface runoff and erosion. Multiple linear regression and principal component analyses were used to get the correlation of each parameter. Correlation of the two models Stone and Petit is nearly pursuant to value of stemflow. Stemflow of Stone model (4.73 mm) is slightly smaller than Petit‟s model (6.20 mm). The two models showed also tighter correlation pursuant to value of throughfall, which indicates 657.82 and 640.91 mm for Stone‟s model and Petit‟s model respectively. Runoff estimated was 15.74 and 10.87 mm for the same models. The two models Stone and Petit reduced runoff by 31.33 % and 45.37 %, respectively, as compared to the control surface. Similarly, soil loss was quantified in 1.98, 0.82 and 0.76 ton ha-1year-1 for the Control, Stone model and Petit models, respectively. Above results show that Michelia Montana Blume. is better than Castanopsis argentea BI. to be developed in soil and water conservation.
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Judul: Kajian Arsitektur Pohon Model Rauh dalam Upaya Konservasi Air dan Tanah: Studi Kasus Altingia excelsa Noronha dan Schima wallichii (DC.) Korth di Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango
Abstrak: Tree architecture model is basically tree construction as a result of meristematic growth pattern. Tree architecture is closely associated with water and soil components, i.e rainfall, throughfall, stemflow, infiltration, surface run-off, and erosion. Two sample plots of 4 m x 8 m each were established, which one plot was to measure Altingia excelsa (Rasamala) and another plot for Schima wallichii (Puspa). Total rainfall, throughfall, stemflow, infiltration, surface run-off, and erosion were measured. Correlation coefficients between rainfall with erosion, throughfall with erosion, stemflow with erosion, and surface run-off with erosion were calculated and analized. For A. excelsa, the results showed that the intensity of rainfall observed was 290.11 mm, stem flow 0.03 mm, throughfall 5.43 mm, infiltration 0.51 ml/mm2/sec, surface run-off 3.45 mm, and erosion 169,91 kg/m2/month. While for S. wallichii, the amount of rainfall was 290.11 mm, stemflow 0.04 mm, throughfall 4.02 mm, infiltration 0.49 ml/mm2/sec, surface run-off 8.18 mm, and erosion 381,27 kg/m2/month. Compared to A. excelsa, S. wallichii had larger values for some parameters measured (i.e. stemflow, surface run-off, and erosion) indicate that on more than 50% land slope of the Mount Gede Pangrango National Park, individual plants of S. wallichii seemed to be more well adapted. However, individuals of A. excelsa possessed a more spreadly branching model, larger vertical width, and higher trunk height. Consequently individual plants of A. excelsa would generally able to conserve more water and soil better than S. wallichii plants.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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