Judul: Analysis of the Effect Covid-19 Pandemic on Provincial Inflation on the Island of Java
Abstrak: Covid-19 merupakan pandemi global yang menjadi bahasan populer diperbincangkan diseluruh dunia telah berpengaruh pada melambatnya pertumbuhan konsumsi dan melemahnya daya beli masyarakat. Melemahnya konsumsi dan daya beli masyarakat ini dapat menyebabkan pertumbuhan inflasi yang rendah di Indonesia khususnya pada provinsi di Pulau Jawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perubahan inflasi sebelum dan saat Covid-19 serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi inflasi provinsi di Pulau Jawa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode analisis deskriptif dan metode analisis kuantitatif dengan menggunakan analisis data panel statis. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan inflasi mengalami penurunan saat terjadinya pandemi Covid-19 dibandingkan sebelum adanya Covid-19. Inflasi ini juga dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh Jumlah Uang Beredar (JUB), pertambahan kasus Covid-19 bulanan, pertumbuhan ekonomi, dan suku bunga., Covid-19 is a global pandemic that has become a popular topic discussed around the world, which has affected the slow consumption growth and weakened people's purchasing power. Weakening consumption and people's purchasing power can lead to low inflation growth in Indonesia, especially in the provinces on the island of Java. This study aims to analyze changes in inflation before and during Covid-19 and the factors that affect provincial inflation on the island of Java. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis method and quantitative analysis method using static panel data analysis. The results of the research show that inflation growth decreased during the Covid-19 pandemic compared to before the Covid-19 outbreak. This inflation is also significantly influenced by the Money Supply (MS), monthly growth of Covid-19 cases, economic growth, and interest rates.
Keyword: inflation, Covid-19, panel data, Java Island

Judul: Effect of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Provincial Rice Prices in Java
Abstrak: Pandemi Covid-19 yang muncul pertama kali di Kota Wuhan dan masuk ke Indonesia pada awal tahun 2020 dan penyebarannya sangat pesat terutama di Pulau Jawa. Pandemi Covid-19 mengakibatkan penurunan Produk Domestik Bruto pada beberapa sektor di Indonesia, namun data dari BPS menyebutkan bahwa pertumbuhan PDB pada sektor pertanian pada tahun 2020 sampai 2021 tumbuh konsisten dan positif. Pertumbuhan dalam sektor pertanian terjadi pada beberapa subsektor pertanian termasuk tanaman pangan beras. Beras merupakan komoditas pangan strategis dan karena ketersediannya untuk melindungi ketahanan pangan nasional dan untuk menjaga stabilitas perekonomian di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi tingkat fluktuasi harga beras provinsi di Pulau Jawa sebelum dan selama pandemi Covid-19 serta faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi harga beras provinsi di Pulau Jawa tahun 2018 sampai 2021 dengan menggunakan metode data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukan fluktuasi harga beras di Provinsi Pulau Jawa mencapai puncaknya pada awal pandemi Covid-19 pada kuartal 1 tahun 2020, tetapi kuartal selanjutnya fluktuasinya lebih rendah karena adanya penurunan permintaan dan daya beli masyarakat serta adanya kebijakan stabilisasi harga pemerintah. Harga beras di Provinsi Pulau Jawa dipengaruhi oleh harga beras internasional, konsumsi per kapita, Harga Pembelian Pemerintah, dan Covid-19 sedangkan produksi beras tidak berpengaruh terhadap harga beras provinsi di Pulau Jawa. Selain itu, dalam jangka pendek dan jangka panjang, setiap peningkatan harga beras internasional, konsumsi per kapita, HPP, dan kasus Covid-19 akan menaikan harga beras sedangkan setiap peningkatan produksi beras akan menurunkan harga beras provinsi di Pulau Jawa. Saran bagi kebijakan pemerintah yaitu perlunya upaya stabilisasi harga beras dengan peningkatan produksi beras., The Covid-19 pandemic first appeared in the city of Wuhan and entered Indonesia in early 2020 and spread very rapidly, especially on the island of Java. The Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in a decrease in Gross Domestic Product in several sectors in Indonesia, but data from BPS states that GDP growth in the agricultural sector from 2020 to 2021 grows consistently and positively. Growth in the agricultural sector occurred in several agricultural sub-sectors including rice food crops. Rice is a strategic food commodity of its availability to protect national security and to maintaining stability in Indonesia. This study aims to estimate the level of fluctuations in provincial rice prices in Java before and during the Covid-19 pandemic and the factors that affect provincial rice prices in Java in 201fromto 2021 using the panel data method. The results showed that rice price fluctuations in Java Island Province reached its peak at there beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic in the first quarter of 2020, but the next in quarter the fluctuations were lower due to a decline in public demand and purchasing power and the government's price stabilization policy. Rice prices in Java Island Province are influenced by international rice prices, per capita consumption, Government Purchase Prices, and Covid-19, while rice production has no effect on provincial rice prices in Java. In addition, in the short and long term, every increase in international rice prices, per capita consumption, HPP, and cases of Covid-19 will increase the price of rice while every increase in rice production will reduce the price of provincial rice in Java.
Keyword: Covid-19, fluctuation, Java Island, panel data, provincial rice prices

Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell