Judul: Fishery development policy in boundary area of Kepulauan Talaud Regency
Abstrak: The objective of this research is to develop policy for the management of fisheries resources in border area of Talaud Regency. To achieve such an objective, the study was carried out to analyze 1) The role of marine fisheries sector within the Talaud Regency, 2) The optimal utilization of marine fisheries resources in Talaud. The results of the study showed that 1) The fishing sector plays a greater role in to economic of Talaud Regency, 2) Optimal fishing effort under MSY condition is around estimated at 9.610 trip with production level of 5.4448,75 ton. Economic rent under MSY condition is approximately Rp. 34.426,94 billion. If the fishery is managed under maximum economic yield (MEY), it was found that effort level should be around 8.853 trip with production level at 5.414,93 ton. Economic rent under MEY condition is approximately Rp. 34.680,52 billion. The study also found some economic performances of fishing unit operating in Talaud. It shows that “pancing tonda” (troll line) receives highest surplus, then it followed by “pukat cincin” (purse seine) and the last is “jaring insang hanyut” (drift gillnet). Based on simulation, it was found that domestic fleet should be encouraged to increase production so as to offset illegal fishing from Phillipine vessels. The number of domestic vessels in Talaud will eventually increase up to 700 fleets as a respond of illegal fishing by foreign fleet. It is also found that illegal fishing will lead to economic loss between Rp 1 billion to Rp 2 billion per year. While if no illegal fishing economic potential of fishery in Talaud could reach to Rp 7 billion to Rp 10 billion, if illegal fishing is still rampant, within 20 years economic loss will be much higher which eventually will affect the economic of Talaud regency as a whole. Results of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) indicates that to develop fisheries sector in Talaud, provision of regional budged devoted for fisheries sector is number one priority followed by regional cooperation and local empowerment. Other factors such as forming market for fisheries in the Talaud area and increasing number of fishing units come after those three priorities. Overall, result of AHP strongly indicates serious political will from local government to develop fisheries in Talaud. This study also reveals that based on Linear Goal Programming (LGP) it needs a total of 1536 fishing units, one unit of coastal fishing port (PPP), one unit fisheries landing base (PPI) with requires area of 441 m2. LGP also states that it needs three unit of fish processing and additional labor force of 6524 fishers and another 1500 for supporting activities.
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Judul: Economic Analysis of Sustainable Management of Fisheries Effort in Indramayu Regency
Abstrak: As an archipelagic country, Indonesia has territorial water at 5,8 million km2 Method of this research are biological analysis, bio-economical model, economic interest analysis, economic intensity analysis, and strategic analysis with use analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Fish resources with potential and become main products of fishermen in Indramayu Regency Indramayu are manyung, tenggiri, peperek, kembung, and tongkol. The production of fifth fish species about 85,6 % from fish production total in territorial water of Indramayu Regency. Maximum stock capacities (MSY) of manyung, tenggiri, peperek, kembung, dan tongkol in territorial water of Indramayu Regency each are 1291,37 ton/year, 1120,70 ton/year, 4227,93 ton/year, 1135,76 ton/year, and 5343,58 ton/year. Maximum economic yield (MEY) of manyung, tenggiri, peperek, kembung, and tongkol in territorial water of Indramayu Regency each are Rp 16.471.401.174/tahun, Rp 31.745.619.591/tahun, Rp 54.907.433.923/tahun, Rp 9.911.840.550/tahun, and Rp 42.547.409.047/tahun. consisted about 17.504 islands and coastal line more 81.000 km with various of fish resource. According to DPK of Indramayu Regency (2010a), the production of sea fishery in Regency of Indramayu is stable at 2009 reaching 108.554,6 ton with value about Rp 1.383.687.650.000. That production must influence stock capacities of fish resources in fishing ground, so that its exploiting require to be controlled, inclusive maximum economic yield (MEY). The aim of the research to analyse stock capacities and maximum economic yield of fisheries resources, to analyse sustainability of fisheries effort, and to formulate the development strategic of sustainable economic based on fisheries effort in Indramayu Regency. Drift gillnet (JIH), set gillnet (JIT), payang, bottom long line, handline, dan shrimp gillnet (JK) can be laboured on an ongoing basis in Indramayu Regency. Economi interest of drift gillnet (JIH), set gillnet (JIT), payang, bottom long line, handline, dan shrimp gillnet (JK) each are Rp1.029.134.326, Rp 579.915.247, Rp 992.640.822, Rp 263.338.992, Rp 56.725.341, dan Rp 76.184.501. Return of return of drift gillnet (JIH), set gillnet (JIT), payang, bottom long line, handline, dan shrimp gillnet (JK) each are 42,01 %, 31,35 %, 56,72 %, 58,52 %, 66,74 %, dan 43,53 %. Development strategic of sustainable economic based on fisheries effort in Indramayu Regency from priority most important to less be important are ; (a) Repair of management of fisheries effort (RK = 0,255, II = 0,05), (b) Construction of human resources of fisheries sector (RK = 0,230, II = 0,05), (c) Development of capitalization cooperation (RK = 0,193, II = 0,05), (d) Development of scale small fisheries ( RK = 0,186, II = 0,05), and (e) Development of supporting units of fisheries effort (RK = 0,136, II = 0,05).
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Judul: Grup dan Homomorfisma Grup pada Rubik Revenge
Abstrak: Rubik cube is a kind of puzzle game. A player must arrange rubik sides, which have been disordered, back to the position where every side has the same colour. This paper does not focus on the settlement solution, but instead on proving the existence of a group homomorphism between rubik movement group and S96 symmetric permutation group in rubik revenge. Firstly, it has been proved that rubik movement set is a group. Then, it also has been proved that the M set, which contains numeric labels of 1 until 96 in cubinos sides, is S96 symmetric permutation group.
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