Judul: The Effectiveness of Oil as a Slow Release Urea Nitrate Coating Material on Fermentability, Digestibility and In Vitro Gas Production
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas minyak sebagai coating slow release urea nitrat secara in vitro. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 kelompok. Perlakuan terdiri dari P0 = ransum kontrol; P1 = P0 + urea; P2 = P0 + urea nitrat; P3 = P0 + urea nitrat dengan coating minyak sawit; P4 = P0 + urea nitrat coating minyak ikan. Parameter yang diamati yaitu pH, konsentrasi ammonia (NH3), volatile fatty acid (VFA), sintesis protein mikroba (SPM), koefisien cerna bahan kering (KCBK), koefisien cerna bahan organik (KCBO), produksi gas, dan gas metan. Analisis data menggunakan sidik ragam dengan perlakuan berbeda nyata dilakukan uji lanjut menggunakan uji Duncan menggunakan software SPSS versi 25. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan slow release urea nitrat dengan coating minyak ikan dan minyak sawit tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap pH, NH3, SPM, VFA, KCBK, KCBO, total produksi gas, dan gas metan. Penggunaan SRUN dengan bahan coating minyak sawit dan minyak ikan belum efektif memengaruhi fermentabilitas, kecernaan dan produksi gas in vitro., This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of oil as a slow release urea nitrate coating in vitro. This study used a randomized block design (RBD) with 5 treatments and 4 groups. The treatment consisted of P0 = control ration; P1 = P0 + urea; P2 = P0 + urea nitrate; P3 = P0 + urea nitrate with palm oil coating; P4 = P0 + urea nitrate coating of fish oil. Parameters observed were pH, concentration of ammonia (NH3), volatile fatty acids (VFA), microbial protein synthesis (SPM), dry matter digestibility coefficient (KCBK), organic matter digestibility coefficient (KCBO), gas production, and methane gas. Data analysis using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and significantly different treatments were tested with the Tukey's test using SPSS software version 25. The results showed that the use of slow release urea nitrate with fish oil and palm oil coatings had no significant effect (P>0.05) on pH, NH3, SPM, VFA, KCBK, KCBO, amount of gas production and methane gas. The use of SRUN with palm oil and fish oil coatings has not effectively influenced in vitro fermentability, digestibility, and gas production.
Keyword: Coating, urea nitrate, in vitro, oil, slow release

Judul: Fermentability and Digestibility of Feed Added Slow Relase Urea-Nitrate In Vitro.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji pengaruh penambahan slow release urea-nitrat dalam ransum secara in vitro. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari P0 = ransum kontrol; P1 = P0 + urea; P2 = P0 + urea-nitrat; P3 = P0 + urea-nitrat dilapisi dengan molases; P4 = urea-nitrat dilapisi dengan limbah cair sari kurma. Peubah yang diamati adalah kecernaan bahan kering (KcBK), kecernaan bahan organik (KcBO), konsentrasi amonia (NH3), derajat keasaman (pH), volatile fatty acid (VFA) total, sintesis protein mikroba (SPM), total produksi gas, dan gas metan. Data dianalisis menggunakan analysis of variance (ANOVA) dan perlakuan yang berbeda nyata akan dilakukan uji lanjut dengan uji duncan menggunakan statistical product and service solutions (SPSS) 25. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap nilai KcBK, KcBO, VFA total, pH, SPM, total produksi gas, dan gas metan. Perlakuan yang berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) adalah konsentrasi amonia (NH3). Simpulan penelitian ini adalah penambahan slow release urea-nitrat belum mampu menurunkan konsentasi amonia., This study aimed to examine the effect of the addition slow release urea-nitrate in rations in vitro. This study used a randomized block design with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment consisted of P0 = control ration; P1 = P0 + Urea; P2 = P0 + urea-nitrate; P3 = P0 + urea-nitrate coated with molasses; P4 = urea-nitrate coated with palm juice liquid waste. The observed variables were dry matter digestibility (KcBK), organic matter digestibility (KcBO), ammonia concentration (NH3), degree of acidity (pH), total volatile fatty acid (VFA), microbial protein synthesis (SPM), total gas production, and methane gas. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and significantly different treatments would be further tested with Duncan's test using statistical product and service solutions (SPSS) 25. The results showed that the treatment had no significant effect (P>0.05) on the KcBK, KcBO, total VFA, pH, SPM, total gas production, and methane gas. The treatment that had a significant effect (P<0.05) was the concentration of ammonia (NH3). The conclusion of this study was the addition of slow release urea-nitrate has not been able to reduce the concentration of ammonia.
Keyword: ammonia concentration, in vitro, methane gas, slow release urea-nitrate

Judul: Penentuan Nilai Eigen dan Vektor Eigen dari Matriks Tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz dengan Pendekatan Polinomial Chebyshev
Abstrak: The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a matrix can be determined by finding its characteristic polynomials. The characteristic polynomials of a tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz matrix is shown to be closely connected to polynomials which satisfy the Chebyshev recurrence relationship. If the order of the matrix is odd, then the eigenvalues are found explicitly in terms of the Chebyshev zeros and the eigenvectors are found in terms of the polynomials satisfying the recurrence relationship. For even ordered matrices, the situation is more complicated. The problem in these cases is that although the Chebyshev recurrence formula is still applied, its initial values are not generating Chebyshev polynomials
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