Judul: Gambaran histopatologi hati ayam yang diinfeksi Ascaridia galli dan diobati ekstrak etanol daun mulwo [Annona reticulata L.]
Abstrak: The aim of this research was to examine the histopathological changes of chicken liver which infected by third larva of A. galli followed by treatment of extract of Mulwo leaf (Annona reticulata L) in ethanol 70%. Eighteen chickens were divided into six groups, consisting of normal, positive control, negative control, and treated group by extracted of Mulwo leaf in 124 mg/kg BW, 248mg/kg BW and 496 mg/kg BW, per oral for three days. At the end of experiment, the chickens were euthanized and the livers were collected to histopathological studies. The results of liver histopathological evaluation showed hydropic degenaration and apoptosis of hepatocytes. The apoptotic cells were higher and significantly different (p<0.05) to treated groups. Treatment by Mulwo leaf extract tends to damaging hepatocytes, although still in mild changes. Keyword: A. galli, Mulwo leaf extract, chicken liver, histopathology.
Keyword: A. galli, Mulwo leaf extract, Chicken liver, Histopathology

Judul: Histopatologi hati ayam yang diinfeksi Ascaridia galli dan diobati ekstrak etanol akar daruju [Acanthus ilicifolius Linn.]
Abstrak: The aim of this research is to examine the histopathological changes of chicken liver treated by 70% ethanol extract of Acanthi radix as the anthelmintic against Larva-3 A. galli. Eighteen chickens were divided into six groups, which were control group (without any treatment), negative control group (without medicinal treatment), positive control group treated by pyrantel pamoate 54.25 mg/kg BW, treated groups by 70% extract of Acanthi radix which doses were 124 mg/kg BW, 248 mg/kg BW and 496 mg/kg BW, per oral for 3 days. The result of liver histopathological evaluation showed hydropic degeneration and apoptosis of hepatocytes on every group observed. The hydropic degeneration was not significantly different (p>0.05) among the groups. This research also showed that apoptosis of groups treated by extract of Acanthi radix were significantly higher (p<0.05) than pyrantel pamoate group. The treatment of 70% ethanol extract of Acanthi radix tends to make apoptosis of hepatocytes but still in mild changes. Keywords: Acanthi radix, A. galli, extract, chicken liver, histopathology, toxicity.
Keyword: Acanthi radix, A. galli, Extract liver, Histopathology, Toxicity

Judul: Heisenberg Uncertainty of Double SlitSystem Based on Budiyono-Rohrlich Quantum Statistics Model
Abstrak: Interpretasi kuantum dikembangkan untuk memaknai secara fisis dengan jelas bagaimana suatu dinamika pada sistem mikroskopis yang dijelaskan dengan teori-teori kuantum, seperti interpretasi Copenhagen yang mendeskripsikan sistem kuantum sebagai suatu keadaan yang dideskripsikan dengan fungsi gelombang yang berisikan bagaimana peluang keadaan suatu sistem. Interpretasi kuantum juga bisa dibawa dari suatu sistem klasik seperti pada model statistika-kuantum Budiyono-Rohrlich yang menjelaskan bagaimana dinamika kuantum berhubungan dengan sistem klasik dengan penerapan statistika pada model Hamiltonian sistem. Fungsi distribusi dapat mendeskripsikan bagaimana suatu sistem terdistribusi pada suatu ruang pada pandangan klasik namun untuk sistem kuantum fungsi distribusi adalah peluang dari sistem tersebut. Sistem klasik dan kuantum juga dipisahkan berdasarkan pada ketidakpastian Heisenberg tentang suatu pengukuran yang tidak bisa secara sekaligus dilakukan bersamaan. Model statistika-kuantum Budiyono-Rohrlich membawa suatu sistem klasik menjadi sistem kuantum dengan dua aksioma yaitu hukum kekekalan energi rata rata dan konservasi rapat probabilitas. Sistem klasik yang didefinisikan akan diatur dengan menambahkan dua variable matematis berupa ontic extensions dan epistemic restrictions dimana kedua variabel ini yang akan menghubungkan bagaimana sistem klasik bisa diubah menjadi sebuah sistem kuantum. Dua variabel matematis tadi membuat sebuah sistem bisa diperlihatkan ketidakpastiannya lewat perhitungan simpangan rata-rata dan hasilnya akan selalu memenuhi ketidakpastian Heisenberg
Keyword: fungsi distribusi, model Budiyono-Rohrlich, ontic extension, epistemic restriction, ketidakpastian Heisenberg