Judul: Observasi Perilaku Cacing Tanah Metaphire sp. Sebagai Upaya Awal Domestikasi
Abstrak: Cacing tanah memiliki banyak peran dan manfaat, baik sebagai agen pengolah tanah, memperbaiki kesuburan tanah, maupun sebagai bahan utama berbagai produk (misalnya : obat, kosmetik), karenanya cacing tanah banyak dibudidayakan. cacing lokal Indonesia, Metaphire sp. memiliki biomassa yang besar,namun jenis cacing ini belum banyak diteliti dan dibudidayakan. Oleh karena itu, perlu upaya domestikasinya sebagai langkah awal untuk memudahkan budidaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pola perilaku harian cacing tanah Metaphire sp. dewasa pada tingkat individu. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pengumpulan dan pemeliharaan stok cacing. Kemudian diamati perilaku Metaphire sp. di permukaan tanah (di dalam kandang pemeliharaan) dan perilaku di dalam tanah (dengan menggunakan terarium kaca). Masing-masing dilakukan selama 7 hari pengamatan. Setiap perilaku cacing diamati dan dicatat lalu dimasukkan ke dalam tabel ethogram. Selain itu, diamati juga panjang lorong galian dan pola galiannya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perilaku Metaphire sp. paling dominan dilakukan di siang hari yaitu perilaku istirahat (inaktif) dan lebih banyak melakukan aktivitasnya di dalam tanah. Metaphire sp. muncul ke permukaan tanah lebih banyak dilakukan di malam hari. Puncak aktivitas Metaphire sp. nampak berlangsung pada waktu malam dimulai dari 18.00-23.00. Kata kunci : Metaphire, domestikasi, perilaku, Earthworms plays many roles, comprising processing soil, improving soil fertility, and being an ingredient in various products (e.g. medicine, cosmetics). Therefore, earthworms are widely cultivated. The Indonesian worm, Metaphire sp. constitutes a large biomass, but it has not been widely researched and cultivated. Domestication is a necessary first step in facilitating cultivation and husbandry. This study aims to determine the natural daily behavioral pattern of adult Metaphire sp. earthworms at the individual level. This research was conducted by collecting and keeping a stock of worms. Then, we observed the natural behavior of Metaphire sp. on and under the surface of the soil (through a glass terrarium) for 7 days each. Observed parameters for each behavior were recorded in the ethogram table. We also sketched and recorded the length of the excavated tunnel. During the day, Metaphire sp. showed predominantly resting or inactive behavior and mostly activities were done under the soil surface. Metaphire sp. comes to the ground mostly at night. Based on these results, the peak activity of Metaphire sp. can be stated that it takes place at night starting from 18.00-23.00. In the night, Metaphire sp. appeared and did most activites on the surface. We conclude that Metaphire sp. are most active at night, precisely from 6 PM to 11 PM. Keywords : Metaphire, domestication, behavior
Keyword: Metaphire, domestication, behavior

Judul: Productivity of Earthworms (Pheretima sp.) with the Addition of Green Shell Flour as Maintenance Media
Abstrak: Cacing tanah memiliki banyak kemampuan, antara lain: mendekomposisi material organik, dan mengaduk material organik dan anorganik. Faktor lingkungan yang mempengaruhi kehidupan cacing tanah antara lain suhu, pH, kelembaban, tekstur, dan kandungan nutrien. Peningkatan jumlah timbunan dan masih minimnya pemanfaatan limbah cangkang kerang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis produktivitas cacing tanah Pheretima sp. dengan memanfaatkan limbah cangkang kerang hijau. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 (empat) perlakuan dan 3 (tiga) ulangan dan analisis uji lanjut Tukey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh nyata (P<0,05) pada penggunaan feses sapi sebanyak 90% dengan penambahan tepung cangkang kerang hijau 10% lebih baik dari perlakuan lain karena terbukti dapat meningkatkan bobot cacing tanah (Pheretima sp.) sebanyak 33,3 gram dan meningkatkan jumlah konsumsi media sebanyak 262,67 gram. Penambahan tepung cangkang kerang hijau dapat meningkatkan produktivitas cacing tanah pada taraf penggunaan kurang dari atau sama dengan 10%., Earthworms have many abilities, including: decomposing organic matter, and mixing organic and inorganic materials. Environmental factors that affect the life of earthworms include temperature, pH, humidity, texture, and nutrient content. Increasing the number of piles and still minimal utilization of shell waste. This study aims to analyze the productivity of the earthworm Pheretima sp. by utilizing waste green mussel shells. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 (four) treatments and 3 (three) replications and Tukey's follow-up test analysis. The results showed that there was a significant effect (P<0.05) on the use of cow feces as much as 90% with the addition of 10% green mussel shell flour which was better than other treatments because it was proven to increase the weight of earthworms (Pheretima sp.) by 33.3 grams and increased the amount of media consumption by 262.67 grams. The addition of green mussel shell flour can increase the productivity of earthworms at a usage level of less than or equal to 10%.
Keyword: green mussel, Pheretima sp., productivity, shell waste

Judul: Approximation of the Median of Poisson Distribution Using the Relation of Poisson-Gamma Distribution
Abstrak: A major drawback of median is that median cannot usually be defined in closed form, even in the cases where their distribution functions are known. This study gives an approximation of the closed form for the median of the Poisson distribution by using the relation of Poisson-Gamma distribution. The approximation uses elementary techniques based on the monotonicity of certain sequences involving tail probabilities of the Poisson distribution and the Central Limit Theorem. Furthermore, a closed form expression for the mean absolute deviation 􀜧|􀜰􀰒 􀵆 􀜯􀝁􀝀􁈺􀜰􀰒􁈻| is also studied. The median is relevant because of the fact that it minimizes the mean absolute deviation of a Poisson random variable (􀜰􀰒􁈻 by considering median as central tendency.
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