Judul: Intervention of Seaweed Rice and Level of Physical Activity on Blood Glucose Levels in Prediabetes and Diabetic Patients
Abstrak: Salah satu faktor yang berperan dalam peningkatan angka kejadian Diabetes Melitus (DM) adalah gaya hidup. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan agar mencegah jumlah penderita DM adalah dengan melakukan terapi gizi dan aktivitas fisik. Nasi rumput laut dapat menjadi alternatif sebagai pangan fungsional bagi penderita DM karena memberikan pengaruh penurunan kadar glukosa darah pada tikus uji coba. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh intervensi nasi rumput laut dan tingkat aktivitas fisik terhadap kadar glukosa darah pada penderita prediabetes dan DM tipe 2. Penelitian ini berbasis desain quasi experimental dengan rancangan prepost with control yang dilakukan pada akhir bulan Desember 2021 dan dilakukan selama 42 hari masa penelitian. Berdasarkan uji Mann Whitney, selisih penurunan kadar GDP kelompok intervensi tidak berbeda secara nyata dengan kelompok kontrol (p>0,05) meskipun terdapat penurunan kadar GDP. Hasil uji Mann Whitney menunjukkan aktivitas fisik berhubungan signifikan terbalik dengan kadar GDP (p<0.05). Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, intervensi konsumsi nasi rumput laut dan tingkat aktivitas fisik menurunkan kadar glukosa darah., One of the factors that played a role in increasing the incidence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is lifestyle. Efforts that can be made to prevent the number of people with DM are by doing nutritional therapy and physical activity. Seaweed rice could be an alternative as a functional food for DM sufferers because had the effect of reducing blood glucose levels in experimental rats. This study aims to analyze the effect of the seaweed rice intervention and the level of physical activity on blood glucose levels in patients with prediabetes and DM type 2. This study was based on a quasi-experimental design with a pre-post with control design which was conducted at the end of December 2021 and was conducted for 42 days research period. Based on the Mann Whitney test, the difference in GDP levels in the intervention group was not significantly different from the control group (p>0.05) even though there was a decrease in GDP levels. The results of the Mann Whitney test showed that physical activity had an inversely significant relationship with GDP levels (p<0.05). Based on research conducted, the intervention of consuming seaweed rice and physical activity levels lowered blood glucose levels.
Keyword: diabetes, fasting blood glucose, physical activity, seaweed rice

Judul: The Effect of Seaweed Rice Intervention on Oxidative Stress  Conditions in Prediabetes and Diabetic Patients
Abstrak: Hiperglikemia pada penderita prediabetes dan diabetes melitus tipe 2 akan meningkatkan terbentuknya radikal bebas. Peningkatan radikal bebas dalam tubuh yang tidak disertai asupan antioksidan yang cukup akan menimbulkan stres oksidatif. Nasi dengan tambahan rumput laut signifikan menurunkan kadar glukosa darah pada tikus diabetes namun masih sangat terbatas informasi mengenai pengaruh intervensi nasi rumput laut pada manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kebiasaan makan dan pengaruh intervensi nasi rumput laut terhadap kadar glukosa darah serta aktivitas antioksidan pada penderita prediabetes dan DM tipe 2. Penelitian ini berbasis desain quasi experimental dengan rancangan pre-post with control yang dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2021−Agustus 2022. Jenis pangan meliputi makanan pokok, protein hewani, protein nabati, sayur, buah, makanan manis, dan fast food yang paling sering dikonsumsi subjek yaitu nasi, telur ayam, tempe, wortel, pisang, kopi, mie instan. Berdasarkan uji Mann Whitney, kadar GDP antara kelompok intervensi dan kontrol sebelum dan sesudah intervensi menunjukkan adanya penurunan kadar glukosa darah meskipun tidak berbeda signifikan (p>0.05). Hasil uji Mann Whitney untuk aktivitas SOD kedua kelompok sebelum dan sesudah intervensi menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan (p>0.05). Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, nasi rumput laut memiliki potensi untuk menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dan dapat meningkatkan aktivitas antioksidan meskipun belum efektif., Hyperglycemia in prediabetes and diabetes mellitus (T2DM) people will increase the formation of free radicals. The increasing of free radicals without antioxidant enhancement will produce oxidative stress. Seaweed rice significantly lowered the blood glucose levels of diabetic rats but still very limited information about the effect of seaweed rice intervention on humans. This study aims to analyze eating habits and the effect of seaweed rice intervention on blood glucose levels and antioxidant activity in prediabetes and diabetes mellitus patients. This research is based on pre-post with control conducted on December 2021−August 2022. The types of food include staple foods, animal proteins, vegetable proteins, vegetables, fruits, sweet foods, and fast foods that are most commonly consumed by subjects are rice, eggs, tempeh, carrots, bananas, coffee, instant noodles. Based on Mann Whitney test on GDP levels between the intervention and control groups before and after the intervention showed a decrease in blood glucose levels although not significantly different (p>0.05). Mann Whitney test results for SOD activity of both groups before and after the intervention showed no significant difference (p>0.05). Based on this research, seaweed rice has benefits for lowering blood glucose levels and increasing the antioxidant activity although it’s not effective yet.
Keyword: antioxidant activity, diabetes, fasting blood glucose, eating habits, seaweed rice

Judul: Penggunaan Teorema Homeomorphy 2-Manifold dan Teorema Euler Poincare pada Torus 𝑇�� dan Simplicial Complex 𝐾��
Abstrak: Two dimensional topological spaces are said to be homeomorphic if they have the same topological invariant, where one of topological invariant used is an Euler characteristic. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem and Euler Poincare’s Theorem are used to distinguish two topological spaces. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem uses Euler characteristic to identify two dimensional topological spaces. Euler Poincare’s Theorem is an alternative way to find Euler characteristic with Betti number, which is topological invariant as well. The objective of this paper is to investigate the homeomorphism of torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾�����. Topological space torus and simplicial complex 𝐾����� have the same Euler characteristic, which is two. Based on Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem topological space torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾����� is homeomorphic.
Keyword: simplicial, torus, Euler, homeomorphism, topology