Judul: Efisiensi Pemasaran Ikan Tangkap di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara (PPN) Palabuhanratu Kabupaten Sukabumi
Abstrak: Produksi ikan laut di PPN Palabuhanratu mengalami fluktuasi setiap tahunnya. Rata-rata harga ikan tingkat produsen di PPN Palabuhanratu umumnya masih rendah, ditambah ikan termasuk komoditas yang mudah rusak (perishable). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efisiensi pemasaran ikan tangkap di PPN Palabuhanratu, khususnya jenis ikan tuna madidihang. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode purposive sampling, metode accidental sampling dan metode snowball sampling. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah margin pemasaran, farmer’s share, dan rasio keuntungan terhadap biaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat empat saluran pemasaran yaitu saluran pemasaran I (nelayan-pedagang besar-konsumen), saluran pemasaran II (nelayan-pedagang besar-pedagang lapak-konsumen), saluran pemasaran III (nelayan-pedagang lapak-konsumen) dan saluran pemasaran IV (nelayan-pedagang lapak-pedagang bermotor-konsumen). Saluran pemasaran III (nelayan-pedagang lapak-konsumen) merupakan saluran pemasaran yang relatif efisien dibandingkan dengan saluran lainnya, karena memiliki nilai margin terkecil sebesar Rp. 13.439, nilai farmer’s share tertinggi sebesar 65,52 persen dan nilai π/c sebesar 16,30., Production of sea fish in PPN Palabuhanratu fluctuates every year. The average price of fish in PPN Palabuhanratu is generally still low and fish is a perishable commodity. This study aims to analyze the marketing efficiency of catching fish in PPN Palabuhanratu, especially the type of madidihang tuna. The methods used are purposive sampling method, accidental sampling method and snowball sampling method. The types of data used are primary and secondary data. The data analysis methods used are marketing margin, farmer's share, and profit to cost ratio. The results showed that there are four marketing channels, there are marketing channel I (fishermen-wholesalers-consumers), marketing channel II (fishermen-wholesalers-stall traders-consumers), marketing channel III (fishermen-stall traders-consumers) and marketing channel IV (fishermen-stall traders-motorized traders-consumers). Marketing channel III (fisherman-stall merchant-consumer) is a relatively efficient marketing channel compared to other channels, because it has the smallest margin value of Rp. 13,439, the highest farmer's share value of 65,52 percent and the value of profit to cost ratio of 16,30.
Keyword: efficient, fluctuation, price, marketing, production

Judul: Penanganan dan Pendistribusian Hasil Tangkapan serta Biayanya di PPN Palabuhanratu
Abstrak: Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara (PPN) Palabuhanratu is the only one fishing port type B on the south coast of West Java. The existence a good handling and distribution of the catch can attract fishermen to land the cacth in there because can increase the income of fishermen. The study was conducted to dertermine the activity of handling and distribution of the catch, the amount of the cost and organoleptic value of the dominant catch in PPN Palabuhanratu. Data analysis was conducted descriptively to the actual conditions of handling and distribution, financial analysis to the amount of the cost dan non-parametric statistical analysis to organoleptic value. The analysis states in general handling of the catch at landing site not handling by fishermen, the catch just handling on-site collectors, corporate colectors dan retailers. The catch are distribution by type of fresh and fickle in destination local, national dan export. Handling cost is include providing equipment and material handling cost, while distribution cost in include pass go into PPN Palabuhanratu, the rent of distributions tool dan cost of transport. The catch from the highest quality at the landing site is tongkol, cakalang, layur dan tuna-tuna kecil, while at the retailers is cakalang, tongkol, layur dan tuna-tuna kecil. There are still some of weakness in handling of the catch in PPN Palabuhanratu be fixed.
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Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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