Judul: Pendugaan Neraca Air, Erosi Dan Sedimentasi Menggunakan Aplikasi Tank Model Dan MUSLE Di Sub-sub DAS Cikadu, Kabupaten Bandung, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: The difficulty in assuming flow characteristics of water in a watershed could be answered by Tank Model aplication, this model use the parameters of precipitation, evapotranspiration, and flow as input data to estimate characteristics of a watershed in the form water balance, presence of water and water level on each layer ground.The research was located at Cikadu Sub-Watersheds which is a part of Cisangkuy Sub-Watershed at Mangun Jaya Village, Arjasari Sub-District, Bandung District with water catchment area as much as 986.6 Ha. The research was held on November 2011 – January 2012. The objective of this research are : 1) Study of hydrology characteristics at Cikadu Sub-Watersheds using Tank Model with the basis of SPAS data, 2) Study of sedimentation and erosion rates at Cikadu Sub-Watersheds using MUSLE method with the input of runoff data generated by Tank Model application. Land cover in Cikadu Sub-Watersheds consist of 376.8 Ha (38.20%) shrubs, 199 Ha (20.17%) forest, 152.3 Ha (15.44%) plantations, 4.4 Ha (0.44%) residential area, 123.8 Ha (12.55%) irrigated rice field, 60.1 Ha (6.10%) rainfed rice field, and 69.8 Ha (7.08%) agricultural field. Result from the calibration of stream flow monitoring stations data shows a high correlation between water level and discharge which was Q = 50.82 TMA2,578, with R2 = 0.98. Correlation between discharge and sedimentation rate was Qs = 0.981 Q1, 897, with R2 = 0.70. The runoff rate can be predicted with Tank Model and the sediment rate by using MUSLE. The runoff coefficient is 37%, there is a strong correlation between sediment rate observed and sediment rate of calculated MUSLE with R2 = 0.75. Tank Model optimization results with parameter values R = 0.86. Total flow of Tank Model for 57 days in form of rainfall of 636.9 mm with the total ETP value 211.384 mm will be a total flow of 215.07 mm, the comparison of flow on each reservoir is surface flow of 71.98 mm (33.47%), Intermediate flow of 58.55 mm (27.22%), Sub-base flow of 2.05 mm (0.95%), and Base Flow of 82.47 mm (38.34%). Total sedimentation rate is 15.57 tons/ha/year, equivalent to a loss of soil as deep as 1.29 mm/year.
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Judul: Aplikasi Model Tangki dan Pendugaan Erosi dengan Metode MUSLE Berbasis Data SPAS di Sub DAS Sibarasok Gadang Kabupaten Padang Pariaman
Abstrak: Flow distribution in a watershed is a dynamic process and very dependent on climate, precipitation and combination of land coverage, evapotranspiration rate, soil type and topography of the watershed. Hydrologic biophysic process in a watershed is a natural process as a part of the hydrologic cycle. Change of watershed hydrological condition can result disaster such as floods and landslides. Application tank model is a hydrological model that used to predict river flow characteristic by using data from the SPAS. The research located at Sibarasok Gadang Sub watershed, IV Koto Aur Malintang Sub-District, Padang Pariaman District, West Sumatra. Data was processed at the Laboratory of Forest Hydrology and Watershed, Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University. This study aims to examine the distribution of water flow horizontally and vertically using a Tank Model and examine rate of sedimentation in the Sub-watershed Sibarasok Gadang used MUSLE method. Stages of research include analysis of the relationship river flow and water level, processing of rainfall data, river flow, and daily evapotranspiration, and analysis of sediment and erosion rate. Total rainfall during the research is 1,575.6 mm. The results equation between Water Level and Discharge in SPAS Sibarasok Gadang was Q = 7.724 TMA 1,585 with R² = 0.968, correlation between discharge and sediment rate was Qs = 0.525 Q , with R2 = 0.971. Correlation between sediment rate observation and sediment rate MUSLE model showed a high correlation with regression equation was QsMUSLE = 4,287 QsObservasi + 0,005 with R2 = 0.788. This proves MUSLE models can be used to predict the sediment rate reasonably well. Tank Model optimization results obtained parameter values R2 = 0,816. Total flow horizontally into the river dominated by base flow of 679.861 mm with a percentage of 73.10%, followed by the intermediate flow of 16.08%, 7.21% of surface flow and sub-base flow with the smallest percentage of 3.61%. It means the capacity of infiltration is high. Water level shows the flow vertically with the highest water level in tank D (base flow) of 1378.095 mm, followed by tank B intermediate flow (47.979 mm), C sub-base tank flow (18.097 mm), tank A surfaceflow (1.456 mm). This situation shows the condition of the Sibarasok Gadang Sub Watershed is still good.
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Judul: Pengaruh vaksin aktif dan inaktif terhadap kekebalan dalam pencegahan penyakit newcastle pada ayam
Abstrak: Penyakit Newcastle adalah penyakit yang bersifat infeksius dan kontagius yang menyerang unggas terutama ayam dan kalkun; menimbulkan kematian, penurunan produksi dan kwalitas telur sehingga menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi yang besar; disebabkan oleh paramyxovirus yang termasuk ke dalam golongan virus yang berinti asam ribonukleat. Virus penyebab penyakit ini terdiri atas beberapa galur yaitu velogenik, mesogenik dan lentogenik. Vaksinasi adalah salah satu cara untuk mencegah timbulnya penyakit dan kerugian yang ditimbulkannya. Vaksin terdiri atas vaksin aktif dan inaktif atau vaksin dalam emulsi minyak. Vaksinasi pada umur dini adalah cara yang paling baik dilakukan. Umur ayam yang tepat mulai dilaksanakan vaksinasi adalah pada umur 4 hari, karena pada saat ini titerantibodi asal induk sudah mulai turun dan kondisi ayam sudah mulai kuat untuk dilakukan vaksinasi jika melakukannya pada ayam umur sehari. ...
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