Judul: Kasus: Kampung Padajaya dan Kampung Padajembar, Dusun Cigarehong, Desa Purwabakti, Kecamatan Pamijahan, Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: Local poverty definition in Padajaya Village and Padajembar Village are an inability to attain a minimum standard of living and having no house. Agrarian problems of upland village are contour and fertility of land, relation between peasants and Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun (TNGH), small land ownership by peasants, environment damages, low access of transportation access, credit, cooperation, and agriculture extension. Agrarian reform consists of landreform and access reform. Access reforms that must be done in Padajaya Village and Padajembar Village are: developing peasant organisation, infrastructure, increasing capacity of agent of change and research, creating credit incentives.
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Judul: Struktur Agraria Masyarakat Desa Hutan Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Pola Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Agraria (Studi Kasus: Masyarakat Kampung Pel Cianten, Desa Purasari, Kecamatan Leuwiliang, Kabupaten Bogor, Provinsi Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: The village Pel Cianten is located within area of HGU PTP Nusantara VIII. From de jure sight, people do not really have the property right for the land. The people use the histories to legitimate the land use for their own. From the point of view of PTP Nusantara VIII and TNGHS, the people access to the land is included as an illegal access. The method used is a qualitative and quantitative approach. Factors that affecting people access to the land are: social relation, social identity, and capital. The land accesses still become a crucial factor to their mean of support although the research shows that there is a tendency of non-land resources relevancy movement as the mean of support.
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Judul: Durability of Specific Immunoglobulin (Ig) Y Againts Influenza and Covid-19 in Sunscreen
Abstrak: The benefit of specific immunoglobulin Y (Ig Y) as an active ingredient in personal care products such as sunscreen has not been properly studied. Our study aims to evaluate the reliability of specific IgY against influenza and the COVID-19 virus in a sample sunscreen product. Specific IgY influenza and COVID-19 viruses were inserted in the sample sunscreen at two concentrations of 0.1% and 0.25%. Three treatments were observed: control (C) sunscreen without IgY, treatment 1 (T1) sunscreen with 0.1% IgY, and treatment 2 (T2) sunscreen with 0.25% IgY. Organoleptic observations were carried out to monitor changes in aroma, color, and texture, and sunscreen sampling was done every week for 6 weeks. The durability of IgY was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a neutralization assay. Organoleptic observation from weeks 1 to 6 showed consistency in its aroma, color, and texture. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization assay (NA) results of the T1 and T2 groups showed negative results except for sample T1 at week 5, which showed a positive result in the Influenza A ELISA. Based on the results, it seems that IgY concentrations of 0.1% or 0.25% were not optimal. However, this negative result might be due to low concentration of the IgY and the presence of beeswax, which inhibits IgY and causes it to dissolve in distilled water, thus preventing it from being detected in the assay.
Keyword: Immunoglobulin Y, Sunscreen, Influenza, COVID-19, Biological Activity