Judul: Desain Konstruksi Jalan Usahatani di Petakan Tersier Lahan Sawah (Kasus di Cikarawang Bogor)
Abstrak: Perishable nature of agricultural product must be handled properly, to avoid deterioration and loss of product. Therefore, the centre area of agricultural production requires adequate farm road. The objectives of this research were: (1) to design the construction of farm road at tertiary plot and make the subgrade prototype of farm road, and (2) to analyze the strength of subgrade prototype. The design criteria of farm road construction were identified based on : (1) specification of vehicle, (2) the criteria of farm road, (3) the criteria of tertiary canal, (4) the characteristics of subgrade. The strength of subgrade prototype was analyzed by California Bearing Ratio (CBR) and Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP). The result showed that on the depth of 0 – 340 mm, 340 mm – 540 mm and a depth 590 mm – 950 mm consecutively CBR had an average value of 7.62%, 19.67% and 21.91%. These value were bigger than CBR plan 5.7 %. It indicated that the subgrade strength was eligible. Design result of farm road construction at tertiary plots of paddy field were: (1) width of subgrade of farm road 2 m, (2) height subgrade of farm road 0.90 m, (3) slope of subgrade farm road 1:1.2, (4) thickness of farm road pavement 7 cm and nor prototype, (5) the tertiary channel using 6 inch diameter pipe was installed at the depth of 0.5 m of subgrade soil.
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Judul: Rancang Bangun Ditcher Berpengeruk untuk Pembuatan Saluran Drainase pada Budidaya Tebu Lahan Kering
Abstrak: One factor determining the sugar cane production is a good drainage system. The drainage channel that crosses the planting rows is used to drain the excess water from sugar cane plantation. The drainage channel at PG. Jatitujuh has been being formed by using a rotary ditcher. Shape and dimension of the drainage channel were good enough as expected, but the rotary ditcher itself had some disadvantages such as: its blades became dull and worn quickly, it tend to break the tractor PTO system. On the other hand, the utilization of a furrower in the ditch forming is preferred. But, the resulted shape and dimension channel was not good enough. The soil dug out from the ditch covered both sides of the planting rows along the channel. Consequently, it blocked the drain water flow out from the planting rows. The objective of the research was to design a ditcher equipped with a pair of scrappers pulled by a four-wheel tractor. The ditcher operated without using PTO. It’s designed to produce drainage channel with trapezoidal shape with the lower side of 35 cm, upper side of 90 cm, and depth of 40 cm. It is also able to place the dug soil on the top of initial ridges. The prototype of the ditcher was equipped by a pair of soil scrappers. The function of the ditcher is to make the drainage channel, whereas function of the scrapper is to scrap the soils in between the ridges and put it on the top of the ridges. Scrapping mechanism was driven by a front wheel that rolls on the ridge’s profile. The drive force then was transmitted through a transmission shaft to drive the scrapper. The structure of the scrapper ditcher consisted of a frame, a ditcher, and a pair of scrappers. The frame had a triangular shape and equipped with three standardized hitching points. The ditcher had share cutting angle of 70o, 60 cm in cutting width, share intersection angle of 15o, and the concaveness radius of the mold of 65 cm. The construction of the scrapper driver consisted of front wheel (41 cm in diameter), wheel arm (28 cm in length) and the scrapper blade (40 cm x 55 cm in size), scrapper arm (68 cm in length). The dimension of the scrapper ditcher was 173 cm in length, 293 cm in width, and 138 cm in height, and the weight is 435 kg. The modified scrapper ditcher operated successfully. The ditcher produced the expected trapezoidal type drainage channel with a proper size. The test result at Experimental Field of Leuwikopo showed that the length of lower side, upper side and the depth of the ditcher were 39.1 cm, 113.1 cm and 33.1 cm respectively. Whereas, the test result at PG. Jatitujuh showed that the length of lower side, upper side and the depth of the ditcher were 37.9 cm, 100.2 cm and 38.7 cm respectively. The scrapper could scrap the discharged soils and then placed the soils on the ridges. However, there was un-scrapped soil in between the ridges which has 6 cm
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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