Judul: Analysis of increasing ext reme weather intensity in Jabota (Jakarta, Bogor, Tangerang) Period 1980 - 2008
Abstrak: spaces. This changes causes rising of air temperatures and hence increasing frequent events of extreme weather. Based on research in Taiwan, China and Japan, its have been proven that the existence of rising temper ature and frequent extreme weather were caused by land use changes. Daily observed data from Meteorological Stations around urban area of Jabota during the period 1980-2008 was used to determine the increase of air temperature and the frequency of extreme weather events. Besides the surface air temperature, the upper air temperature data period 1988-2008 was also analysed data to examine the increase of air temperature at particular layer. Further, hourly weather data of 2003-2008 from Meteorological Stasion Curug has been used as an example to analyze the time shifts of maximum air temperature and the time of thunderstorms occurrence. The analysis resulted an increase in average temperature in the latest period; increasing frequency of temperatures above 34° C, the increasing frequency of extreme precipitation at some months, especially in the rainy and transition seasons; the increasing frequency of thunderstorms occurrence, the increase of average upper air temperature, especially at surface layer up to 500 mb layer. The results also showed that the maximum temperature occurrence at certain months in dry and transition season to 02: 00 pm and the mostly hour of thunderstorms occurrence was 03: 00 to 05: 00 and from 07: 00 to 08: 00 pm.
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Judul: Analisis Curah Hujan Harian Maksimum dan Ekstrim di Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: The impact of extreme rainfall often cause serious problems for human being. However, the study of extreme rainfall is needed, so the impact of such extreme events can be anticipated as early as possible. This research aims to know the changes of extreme and maximum daily rainfall at some stations of Bogor Regency, and analyze the relationship between maximum daily rainfall with IOD condition (Indian Ocean Dipole) and SOI (Southern Oscillation Index). The analysis which used in this study are trend test using the Spearman Rank statistics and the probability distribution to acquire the probability of extreme rainfall and analyze maximum daily rainfall data with exceedence probability 5%, 10%, 25% and 50%. Correlation analysis was used to test the relationship between maximum daily rainfall with SOI and IOD. The results show that extreme rainfall occur in January, February and March, even occur in April. The most statistical distribution describes the maximum daily rainfall data in Bogor regency is Normal and Lognormal distribution. In some stasion, 3-Parameter Lognormal distribution, Gamma and Weibull can describes maximum daily rainfall data in dry season. The probability of extremes rainfall based on consecutively three day rainfall in region of this study is high enough, that is 0.80 at Gunung Mas, 0.23 at Katulampa, and 0.13 at Empang stasion. Generally, SOI and IOD significantly correlated and consistent on the maximum daily rainfall patterns in Bogor area in dry season and inconsistent in rainy season.
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Judul: Pemurnian dan karakterisasi protein inhibitor RNA helikase virus hepatitis C
Abstrak: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the second most common chronic viral infection in the world with global prevalence. This infection is contribution to chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, often leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. There is no effective drug and vaccine available against HCV. The current standard treatment, a combination of pegylated interferon-α with ribavirin, is limited by its suboptimal response rate in a significant patient population, side effects, and affordability. Therefore, development of effective drug is needed. One approach to find out the candidate of antiviral drug is to discover the inhibitor of enzyme that essential for virus replication, such as RNA helicase. Streptomyces chartreusis 5-095 produce the inhibitor of HCV RNA helicase. The aim of this study was to purify the protein inhibitor which has inhibition activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV from S. chartreusis 5-095. The supernatant of culture S. chartreusis 5-095 exhibited high inhibiton activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV (approximately 72%) at 10 days of incubation. The extracellular protein inhibitor was partially purified by procedures of precipitation with ammonium sulfate to 65% saturation and gel filtration (Sephadex G50) using methanol water solution (4:6) as an eluen. The purity of protein inhibitor was monitored by SDS PAGE. The protein inhibitor showed a relative molecular mass were estimated to be 14 kDa and increased the purity 23,08 fold than those of the crude protein. The specific activity and IC50 after purification were 13,1338 U/mg and 0,0767 mg/mL, respectively. The activity of purified protein inhibitor showed its stability over pH range from 5-8 and optimum at pH 7,4. The inhibition activity showed its stability up to 70% at temperature 100 oC. The purified protein inhibitor relatively stable its activity at storage in the range of -20 oC to room temperature for 35 days.
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