Judul: Karakteristik Oosit Domba dari Ovarium yang Disimpan pada Suhu dan Periode Waktu yang Berbeda
Abstrak: The aim of the study was to investigate the characteristic of sheep oocytes from the ovaries that was stored on different temperature at a different period of time. Ovaries obtained from the slaughter house. The ovaries were then stored at 4 ˚C for the period of 2, 5-7 and 8-10 h, 27-28 ˚C for the 2, 5-7 and 8-10 h, and the third group was stored at 37-38 ˚C for 2, 5-7 and 8-10 h. At the end of the storage, the oocytes were collected from the ovaries using the slicing method. Collected oocytes were graded as A, B, C and D based on the layers of the cumulus cell and images of the cytoplasm. The percentage of the oocytes for grade A, B, C and D that was derived from the ovaries stored at 4 ˚C are no differ than the other group (P>0.05). The percentage of oocytes of A’s grade from the ovaries stored at the temperature of 27-28 ˚C for 2 hours were higher than the oocytes from the ovaries that were stored for 5-7 and 8-10 hours (P>0.05). Meanwhile the quantity of oocytes with the grade of B, C and D that was derived from the ovaries stored at the temperature of 27-28 ˚C did have not change compared to the other group (P>0.05). The quantity of oocytes with A’s grade that was derived from the ovaries that was kept at the temperature 37-38 ˚C for 2 hours and 5-7 hours (P<0.05) did not show any changes, however there are descending number of oocytes with the A’s grade that was derieved after 8-10 hours of storage (P<0.05). The number of oocytes with the B’s grade that was collected after 5-7 hours after storing was higher compared to those stored for 2 and 8-10 hours (P<0.05). The number of oocytes with the D’s grade is increasing parallel with the length of time for the storage at the temperature 37-38 ˚C (P<0.05). The percentage of the number of oocytes of the A and B’s grade did have not different among other group except for the group of ovaries stored at the temperature of 37-38 ˚C for 5-7 and 8-10 h. These result suggested that storing the ovaries at 27-28 ˚C and 37-38 ˚C for the duration of 5-7 hours preserve the quality of the oocytes better in compared to storing the ovaries at the temperature of 4 ˚C.
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Judul: Kompetensi Perkembangan Oosit Domba pada Suhu dan Waktu Penyimpanan Ovarium yang Berbeda
Abstrak: The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of storage time and temperature of sheep ovaries on nuclear maturation of oocyte and in vitro fertilization rate of oocytes. The ovaries were stored in physiological saline for 2- 4 h, 5-7 h and 8-10 h at 27-28°C, 36-37°C and 4°C respectively. There was no difference between the proportions of oocytes that underwent maturation to metaphase II when collected from ovaries stored at 27-28°C and 36-37°C for 2-7 h of slaughter (P>0.05). However, the percentages of oocytes from ovaries stored at 4°C were significantly lower than those of oocytes stored at higher temperature (69.23%, and 70.83%, 45.65%, for 27-28°, 36-37° and 4° C at 2-4 h, respectively; 59.61%, and 64,58%, 36.36%, for 27-28°, 36-37° and 4° C at 5-7 h, respectively) (P<0.05). The proportion of oocytes underwent meiosis to MII were significanly decreased when the ovary stored at 27-28°C and 36-37°C for 8-10 h but not in oocytes collected from ovaries stored at 4°C (24.37%, 7.84% and 45.23%, respectively) (P<0.05). There was no difference between the proportions of fertilization when collected from ovaries stored at 27-28°C, 36-37°C and 4°C for 2-7 h of slaughter (53%, 66,66% and 63%, resperctively) (P>0.05). Same phenomena showed for fertilization rate of oocyte that the ovaries storage for 5-7 h. However fertilization rate decrease when storage for 8-10 h. The prensentage of fertilization rate were 9,8%, 22,22%, 12,24% respectively for 27-28°C, 36-37°C dan 4°C. Our finding indicate that the storage of ovaries at 27°C-28°C, 36-37°C for 5-7 h is effective for maintaining the developmental competence of sheep oocytes compare with 4°C.
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Judul: Peranan Pemimpin Informal dalam Menggerakan Partisipasi Masyarakat  untuk Pembangunan Desa
Abstrak: Pendekatan pembangunan yang banyak diterima para ahli adalah pendekatan dari bawah ke atas (bottom up) yang berarti bahwa dalam pembangunan diperlukan keikutsertaan rakyat. Keikutsertaan tidak hanya pada tahap merencanakan pembangunan, akan tetapi juga ikut dalam melaksanakan, bahkan sampai pada menilai hasil-hasil pembangunan (Cohen dan Uphoe 1977; Dusseldorp, 1981; Slamet, 1993). Agar rakyat yang berhimpun dalam kelompok-kelompok dapat ikut serta, mereka harus memiliki sejumlah kualifikasi yang diperlukan untuk itu.
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