Judul: Bioactive compounds and nutrients content of propolis and immunomodulator effect to CD8+ T Cell in breast cancer patient
Abstrak: The objectives of this study were to analyze bioactive compound of Indonesian Propolis (IP) compare with Brazilian Propolis (BP), nutrient content, antioxidant activity and safety (LD50) of IP, the effect of the propolis on inhibition of MCF7 human breast cancer cell line and immunomodulatory effect of propolis to produce T cell CD8+ in breast cancer blood patients. The bioactive compound and nutrient content analyzed by HPLC and GCMS, antioxidant activity was analyzed with DPPH method by using spectrophotometer. The safety of IP was determined through animal assay using 40 DDY mices, the inhibition of MCF7 was determined in vitro through MTT assay and immunomodulatory effect analyzes by clinical trial on breast cancer patients in Dharmais Cancer Hospital. This study was conducted in Jabodetabek. The results showed that the bioactive compound, nutrient content, antioxidant activity and MCF7 inhibition capacity of IP are different from BP, the MCF7 inhibition capacity of IP is better than BP eventhough antioxidant activity of IP lower than BP. The bioactive compound in IP are fenol compounds, α amyrin and cylolanost, eudesmane, ethyl acridine, lupeol, friedooleanan and pyrimidine and bioactive compounds of BP are α Amyrin, β Amyrin, hydrocinnamic ethyl ester, Cyclolanost, fenol compound and pyrimidine. IP could inhibit MCH7 human breast cancer cell line proliferation stronger than BP. The safety study of IP showed that IP is safe to be consume by human. A human intervension study with duration 21 days supplemention Indonesian propolis 3x300 mg/day conducted in Dharmais Cancer Hospital in Jakarta. The study was applied Completely Randomized Design, there were 2 group with 15 patient breast cancer each, 1 group intervension. and 1 group placebo. Ten patients were drop out during the treatment, therefore only 20 patients were fulfilled the criteria of analysis. Ethical clearence was obtained from University of Indonesia. After 21 days the result showed: Indonesian propolis intervension significant affected CD8+ absolut and CD8+ % level in breast cancer patient’s blood, the conclusion of this clinical study is Indonesian propolis improve immune function in breast cancer patients because Indonesian propolis has an action as immunomodulator.
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Judul: Pembuatan nanopropolis asal indonesia sebagai bahan antikanker payudara
Abstrak: Propolis is a honeybee product that is useful for self-protection, especially from invading microorganisms and temperature changes outside the beehive. Today, the term drug dosage propolis is extracted from beehives called raw honey or propolis. Raw propolis can not be used directly, so it is necessary that the process of extracting propolis is a mixture of active ingredients using organic solvents. The active ingredients of propolis were flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, steroids and triterpenoids. Raw propolis is extracted by 70% ethanol to obtain propolis flavonoid-containing components of raw propolis as a whole and separate from the balm. There have been many studies using maceration extraction, but the combination of maceration and heating by microwaves has not been done. Therefore, the process of separation of propolis from the beehive (raw propolis) by using maceration and microwave heating was undertaken in this study. Many studies have shown that β-cyclodextrin can be used as a coating agent active ingredient in the drug manufacturing process. Circular shape consisted of seven glucose monomers, β-cyclodextrin can be inserted and bind the active ingredient in various side active. With the inclusion of the active ingredient in β- cyclodextrin group then expected release of the active ingredient will be much slower than the free active ingredient. Therefore, the inclusion of propolis research on β-cyclodextrin, so that the active ingredient in propolis out of filler slowly. To make the coating process of propolis more effectiveing the process was carried out by a high speed homogenizer. Therefore, this research was undertaken propolis inclusion in β-cyclodextrin using inclusion, resolubility and stabilisation with high speed homogenization as processing aid. With the inclusion, resolubility and stabilisation process was expected that there were active ingredient of propolis is adsorbed molecule β-cyclodextrin and particle size reduction occurs. In addition, the amount of propolis and β-cyclodextrin is used in the process of shaking on the inclusion process may be a factor in the rate of inclusion process, so there are differences in the amount of active ingredient present in propolis adsorbed in β-cyclodextrin. Adsorbed amount of active ingredient and the ability to withstand damage due to the active ingredient high speed could be demonstrated by the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation activity of Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7). Nanopropolis preparation process was performed by inclusion, resolubility and stabilitation with high speed homogenization (22000 rpm) at the process of making nanoparticles. The first stage times were 20, 30 and 40 mins, the second times were 20, 30 and 40 mins, and the third times were 10, 20 and 30 mins. Nanopropolis were researched their particle distribution and effectiveness as an anticancer ingredient. The data obtained were analyzed by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to determine the best conditions for making nanopropolis. At the best conditions (of the inclusion process) then undertaken nanopropolis preparation with propolis and variable number of β-cyclodextrin. The results were tested on the inhibition of proliferation of MCF-7 cancer cells and performed the statistical analysis with the RSM to determine the best conditions for making nanopropolis. Further efficacy testing was carried out using test animals nanopropolis female white rats
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Judul: Rancang Bangun Mekanisme Penggetar Untuk Bajak Subsoil Getar Dengan Dua Bilah Bajak
Abstrak: Bajak subsoil merupakan alat pengolahan tanah pertama yang sering digunakan sebelum pembajakan dengan bajak singkal atau bajak piring untuk memecah lapisan keras di lapisan bawah. Alat ini biasanya digunakan pada tanah yang telah mengalamli pemadatan akibat lalu lintas traktor. Alat ini memiliki tahanan tarik yang tinggi dan biasa ditarik traktor empat roda
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