Judul: Kontribusi hutan rakyat berbasis tongkonan terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga petani di Kecamatan Sa’dan Kabupaten Toraja Utara (Studi kasus : Desa Sa’dan Andulan)
Abstrak: Hutan rakyat merupakan hutan yang dibangun, dikelola, dan dimanfaatkan oleh rakyat diatas tanah milik. Pengembangannya hanya ditujukan pada tanah kosong dan seringkali hanya sebagai pendukung pertanian. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola hutan rakyat dan kontribusi hutan rakyat terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga petani di Kecamatan Sa’dan, Desa Sa’dan Andulan, Kabupaten Toraja Utara. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan studi Pustaka. Dari hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa hutan rakyat di Kecamatan Sa’dan, Desa Sa’dan Andulan, Kabupaten Toraja Utara menggunakan pola usaha agroforestry. Kontribusi hutan rakyat kayu sebesar 6.49%, sedangkan kontribusi hasil hutan bukan kayu (HHBK) sebesar 9.08% . Dapat dikatakan bahwa hutan rakyat di Kecamatan Sa’dan, Desa Sa’dan Andulan, Kabupaten Toraja Utara hanya sebagai usaha sampingan. Kata kunci : kontribusi, hutan rakyat ABSTRACT DICKY PRIBADI MANDA. Tongkonan-Based Community Forest Contribution to Farmers' Household Income in Sa'dan District, North Toraja Regency (Case Study: Sa'dan Andulan Village). Supervised by HANDIAN PURWAWANGSA. Community forests are forests that are built, managed, and utilized by the people on owned land. Its development is aimed only at vacant land and often only as a support for agriculture. The purpose of this study was to determine the pattern of community forests and the contribution of community forests to farmers' household incomes in Sa'dan District, Sa'dan Andulan Village, North Toraja Regency. Data were collected through interviews and literature studies. The analysis shows that community forests in Sa'dan District, Sa'dan Andulan Village, North Toraja Regency use agroforestry business patterns. The contribution of timber community forests is 6.49%, while the contribution of non-timber forest products (HHBK) is 9.08%. It can be said that the community forest in Sa'dan District, Sa'dan Andulan Village, North Toraja Regency is only a side business.
Keyword: Contribution, Forest community

Judul: Kontribusi Pengelolaan Hutan Rakyat Terhadap Pendapatan Rumah Tangga Petani dan Analisis Kelayakan Usaha Hutan Rakyat. (Studi di Desa Babakanreuma, Kecamatan Sindangagung, Kabupaten Kuningan, Propinsi Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: According to Hardjanto (2000), income of community forest farmers in Java are still positioned as a by product and incidental. Range of income is not more than 10 % of total revenue and sought simply. It shows that the contribution of community forest have not become the foundation of households subsistence, so it is necessary to conduct a study about how is the contribution of community forests management to total household income and it’s feasibility, especially in the Village Babakanreuma, District Sindangagung, Kuningan Regency, West Java Province. The purpose of this study was to identify the system of community forests management and marketing, knowing the contributions community forests management to households total income as well as examine the linkage of effectiveness of community forests area to the households total income and to determine the feasibility of it’s businesses. Determination of the respondents conducted using stratified random sampling method in which the respondents were 36 people obtained from the slovin formula. This study uses a qualitative approach that conducted by survey method using questionnaire and supported by quantitative techniques. The results shows that the contribution of community forests management to the households income has been very visible, reinforced by the magnitude of the contribution value that become higher and increasing in strata. So that the farmers land area of community forest significantly affected their household income. From the data obtained, in 1st strata , the resulting contribution is Rp. 2,208,333.00 per year (7.79%), 2nd strata is Rp 3.800.000,00 per year (11.98%), and 3rd strata is Rp 5.500.000,00 per year (13.00%). Management of community forests is feasible to run on all three strata. These statements are based on the amount of NPV (Net Present Value) that is not negative, BCR (Benefit Cost Ratio) is greater than one and the IRR (Internal Rate of Return) is greater than the prevailing rates. NPV values in strata I, II and III is Rp 6.378.880,00; Rp 14.134.803,00 and Rp 3.985.918.00. Community forests management systems at the sites are still modest. The harvesting is still based on needs and not according to the Sengon plant cycle which is the staple in this village. The timber marketing is only done by a contract system or the middleman (tengkulak) / buyer and furthermore become the responsibility of the middleman / buyer it self.
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Judul: Pemurnian dan karakterisasi protein inhibitor RNA helikase virus hepatitis C
Abstrak: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the second most common chronic viral infection in the world with global prevalence. This infection is contribution to chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, often leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. There is no effective drug and vaccine available against HCV. The current standard treatment, a combination of pegylated interferon-α with ribavirin, is limited by its suboptimal response rate in a significant patient population, side effects, and affordability. Therefore, development of effective drug is needed. One approach to find out the candidate of antiviral drug is to discover the inhibitor of enzyme that essential for virus replication, such as RNA helicase. Streptomyces chartreusis 5-095 produce the inhibitor of HCV RNA helicase. The aim of this study was to purify the protein inhibitor which has inhibition activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV from S. chartreusis 5-095. The supernatant of culture S. chartreusis 5-095 exhibited high inhibiton activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV (approximately 72%) at 10 days of incubation. The extracellular protein inhibitor was partially purified by procedures of precipitation with ammonium sulfate to 65% saturation and gel filtration (Sephadex G50) using methanol water solution (4:6) as an eluen. The purity of protein inhibitor was monitored by SDS PAGE. The protein inhibitor showed a relative molecular mass were estimated to be 14 kDa and increased the purity 23,08 fold than those of the crude protein. The specific activity and IC50 after purification were 13,1338 U/mg and 0,0767 mg/mL, respectively. The activity of purified protein inhibitor showed its stability over pH range from 5-8 and optimum at pH 7,4. The inhibition activity showed its stability up to 70% at temperature 100 oC. The purified protein inhibitor relatively stable its activity at storage in the range of -20 oC to room temperature for 35 days.
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