Judul: Inventarisasi Hama pada Tanaman Famili Araceae dan Aplikasi Dua Bahan Aktif Insektisida terhadap Kutuputih Ferrisia virgata
Abstrak: Famili Araceae merupakan salah satu jenis flora yang banyak tumbuh di Indonesia. Kendala yang dihadapi oleh pengusaha tanaman hias seperti Minaqu Indonesia antara lain gangguan hama dan penyakit tanaman (sejak fase vegetatif hingga fase generatif), suhu dan kelembapan, serta pengaruh dari media tanam yang digunakan. Salah satu faktor yang menghambat budi daya tanaman hias di Minaqu Indonesia yaitu serangan kutu tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan menginventarisasi hama-hama yang menyerang tanaman Famili Araceae dan menguji keefektifan insektisida berbahan aktif abamektin dan profenofos dalam mengendalikan serangan hama pada tanaman Famili Araceae. Pengamatan dilakukan secara langsung pada tanaman contoh yang ditentukan secara acak sistematis pada setiap rak tanaman. Hama yang ditemukan diidentifikasi di laboratorium. Selanjutnya, dilakukan pengujian aplikasi insektisida pada tanaman. Kegiatan wawancara juga dilakukan kepada staf untuk mengetahui teknik budi daya. Hama yang ditemukan menyerang tanaman Famili Araceae di Minaqu Indonesia yaitu Ferrisia virgata, Planacoccus minor, Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi, Aleurodicus dispersus, Macrosiphoniella sanborni, Thrips parvispinus, Spodoptera litura, Tetrix sp., dan Parmarion martensi. Populasi serangga hama yang paling banyak ditemukan yaitu F. virgata pada tanaman Syngonium sp. Insektisida abamektin lebih efektif mengendalikan kutuputih F. virgata dibandingkan dengan profenofos., Family Araceae is one type of flora that grows in Indonesia. Entrepreneurs face obstacles to growing ornamental plants, such as pests and diseases, temperature, humidity, and the influence of the growing media. One factor that hinders the cultivation of ornamental plants in Minaqu Indonesia is the attack of scale insects. The objectives of this study were to observe the pests that attack ornamental plants of the Family Araceae and examine the effectiveness of two active ingredients of insecticide, abamectin and profenofos, in controlling Ferrisia virgata. Plant pests and their population were observed directly on sample plants. The pests found are then identified in the laboratory. Furthermore, the insecticides were applicated to other sample plants. Interviews were conducted with Minaqu Indonesia staff to get information about cultivation techniques. The pests attacking the Family Araceae plants in Minaqu Indonesia were Ferrisia virgata, Planacoccus minor, Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi, Aleurodicus dispersus, Macrosiphoniella sanborni, Thrips parvispinus, Spodoptera litura, Tetrix sp., and Parmarion martensi. The most abundant population of insect pests was F. virgata on Syngonium sp. Abamectin is more effective to control mealybug F. virgata than profenofos.
Keyword: ornamental plants, scale insect, abamectin, profenofos

Judul: Realistic Evaluation of Potential of Preparations of Twenty Plant Species from Fifteen Families for Crop Pest Control
Abstrak: Permasalahan serangan hama selalu ditemukan pada aktivitas produksi pertanian. Tindakan pengendalian hama secara praktis dengan menggunakan insektisida sintetik dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap ekosistem dan kesehatan. Insektisida nabati merupakan alternatif pengendalian hama yang lebih aman. Namun, dalam praktik belum banyak petani yang menggunakan insektisida nabati. Analisis pustaka ini memaparkan hasil evaluasi secara realistis potensi sediaan 20 jenis tumbuhan lokal sebagai insektisida nabati untuk pengendalian hama tanaman. Dua puluh jenis tumbuhan tersebut adalah Ageratum conyzoides, Allium cepa, Allium fistulosum, Annona squamosa, Carica papaya, Chromolaena odorata, Citrus x aurantiifolia, Cymbopogon nardus, Cyperus rotundus, Derris elliptica, Dysoxylum acutangulum, Dysoxylum mollissimum, Hibiscus rosasinensis, Lantana camara, Mimosa pudica, Mirabilis jalapa, Ocimum basilicum, Piper nigrum, Tagetes erecta, dan Zingiber officinale. Kelayakan penggunaan sediaan insektisida nabati dari 20 jenis tumbuhan tersebut dievaluasi berdasarkan kriteria aktivitas insektisida, keamanan, dan peluang pemasyarakatannya. Hasil evaluasi realistis berdasarkan kriteria yang ketat menunjukkan bahwa 15 dari 20 jenis tumbuhan yang dikaji yang memiliki aktivitas insektisida yang cukup kuat sampai sangat kuat. Insektisida nabati umumnya mudah terurai di lingkungan dan relatif aman terhadap organisme bukan sasaran. Pemasyarakatan insektisida nabati dapat dilakukan melalui sosialisasi yang bekerjasama dengan berbagai pihak., Pest problems always threaten agricultural production activities. Crop pest control measures using synthetic insecticides commonly practiced by farmers can cause undesirable side effects on ecosystems and human health. Botanical insecticides are safer alternatives to synthetic insecticides. In practice, however, very few farmers have used botanical insecticides. This literature analysis describes the results of a realistic evaluation of the potential of twenty local plant species as botanical insecticides for crop pest control. The selected plant species discussed are Ageratum conyzoides, Allium cepa, Allium fistulosum, Annona squamosa, Carica papaya, Chromolaena odorata, Citrus x aurantiifolia, Cymbopogon nardus, Cyperus rotundus, Derris elliptica, Dysoxylum acutangulum, Dysoxylum mollissimum, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Lantana camara, Mimosa pudica, Mirabilis jalapa, Ocimum basilicum, Piper nigrum, Tagetes erecta, and Zingiber officinale. The feasibility of using botanical insecticide preparations from those plant species was evaluated based on criteria of insecticidal activity, safety, and opportunities for their dissemination. Results of evaluation based on robust criteria show that 15 out of 20 plant species studied had sufficiently to very strong insecticidal activity against certain crop pests. Generally, botanical insecticides are biodegradable and safe to non-target organisms. Dissemination of botanical insecticide use can be carried out through collaboration with various institutions.
Keyword: Bioactivity, Botanical Insecticides, Criteria, Feasibility, Local Plants

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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