Judul: Pemanenan dan pengolahan buah Rotan Jernang (Daemonorops draco (Willd.) Blume dalam upaya peningkatan produksi serta mutu Jernang
Abstrak: One kinds of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) which high economic value is a product derived from rattan jernang fruits. Dragon’s blood is a resin from rattan jernang fruits. Dragon’s blood have uses such as natural colloring for batik industry and porcelain industry, as a mixture of cure such as wounds medicinal, bleeding and diarrhea and used a incense and frankincense. The research about dragon’s blood is rarely, meanwhile the potential is big enough and still can developed. Improved harvesting and processing techniques to obtain maximum quality of dragon’s blood still need to be researched. The research was conducted to analyze the potential dragon’s blood Sarolangun District, Jambi, to describes the technique of harvesting fruit of the community and to analyze yield and quality resulted from the traditional process of the community and boiling treatment. Dragon’s blood production center in the District Sarolangun is harvested from natural forests Tajau Pecah Block Bahar Hill and community based forest plantation in the village of Lamban Sigatal. Potential dragon’s blood at those places is 96.51 tons/year and 130.16 tons/year respectively, therefore the total potential of dragon’s blood in the District Sarolangun is about 226.66 tons/year. Harvesting technique of rattan fruits by the community is to observe the ripeness of the fruit characteristics of rattan such us the brownish red color. Good fruit which can be harvested is the old fruit but not too ripe. The fruit takes time about 11−13 months to be ripe. Resin will be formed at the optimal fruit maturity of 9 months. Farmers harvest the fruit by using a hook tool and a pole, then if the rattan is too high the farmer climbs its host tree. Dragon’s blood yield from the traditional process of the community is 7.26%, meanwhile the boiling treatment in each 1, 2 and 3 hours has yield as 3.27%, 3.24% and 3.10% respectively. Analysis of physico-chemical properties of the dragon’s blood with the traditional process of the community results resin content is 63.30%, moisture content is 3.48%, impurity content 32.16%, ash content 1.83%, melting point 96.00 °C and ruby color, meanwhile the boiling treatment 1, 2 and 3 hours for results resin content 81.83%, 81.21% and 80.91%, moisture content 3.64%, 3.34% and 3.48%, impurity content 11.57%, 11.63% and 12.03%, ash content 1.12%, 1.52% and 1.59%, melting point 82.00 °C, 83.00 °C and 83.33 °C and overall results ruby color. Based on the SNI dragon’s blood (2010), dragon’s blood results from the traditional process of the community get A quality, meanwhile from the boiling treatment get super quality.
Keyword: 

Judul: The Potential of Jernang Extract as a Source of Antioxidant Compounds and Sunscreen Activity
Abstrak: Jernang (dragon blood) merupakan zat ekstraktif yang melapisi buah rotan dari genus Daemonorops. Indonesia diketahui sebagai penghasil jernang terbesar di dunia. Namun, rendemen ekstraksi jernang konvensional rendah serta limbah ekstraksi yang belum dimanfaatkan maksimal. Penelitian pendahuluan menunjukkan ekstrak hasil ekstraksi jernang dengan etanol 70-100% pada nisbah bahan ekstraksi dengan pelarut (NBP) 1:5, 1:10, dan 1:15 potensial dikembangkan sebagai sumber antioksidan dan tabir surya alami. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan rendemen, aktivitas antioksidan, aktivitas tabir surya, dan kadar fenolik total (KFT) ekstrak hasil ekstraksi buah Daemonorops sp (BD) dan limbah pengolahan jernang (LPJ) dengan pelarut etanol-air pada konsentrasi etanol (KE) 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, dan 100% pada NBP 1:5, 1:10, dan 1:15, serta menganalisis kondisi ekstraksi optimum berdasarkan nilai rendemen, aktivitas antioksidan, aktivitas tabir surya dan KFT ekstrak tersebut. Penelitian ini terdiri dari penyiapan bahan baku, ekstraksi, penentuan kadar air, rendemen, menguji aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH, aktivitas tabir surya dengan penentuan Sun Protection Factor (SPF), dan KFT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan interaksi antara KE dengan NBP berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap rendemen, aktivitas antioksidan, tabir surya, dan KFT ekstrak BD maupun LPJ. Semakin tinggi KE dan NBP menghasilkan rendemen ekstrak BD dan LPJ yang semakin tinggi. Aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi dari ekstrak BD (kuat) dan LPJ (sangat kuat) hasil ekstraksi dengan etanol 100% dan nisbah 1:15 (BD) dan 1:5 (LPJ). Nilai aktivitas tabir surya ekstrak BD dan LPJ tertinggi pada konsentrasi etanol 100% dan nisbah 1:10 (BD) dan 1:15 (LPJ) tergolong kedalam kategori ultra proteksi. Kondisi ekstraksi optimum BD dan LPJ berdasarkan nilai rendemen, aktivitas antioksidan, tabir surya, dan KFT dari pengujian ekstrak adalah penggunaan etanol 100% dan nisbah 1:15 kecuali pada aktivitas tabir surya BD pada nisbah 1:10 dan antioksidan LPJ pada nisbah 1:5. Ekstrak yang dihasilkan prospektif untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut., Jernang (dragon blood) due to the extraction of extractive substances that coat rattan fruit from the genus Daemonorops. Indonesia is known as the largest producer of jernang in the world. However, the yield of conventional jernang extraction is low and the extraction waste has not been utilized optimally. Preliminary research shows that the extract obtained from the extraction of jernang with ethanol 70-100% at the ratio of extraction to solvent (NBP) 1:5, 1:10, and 1:15 has the potential to be developed as a source of antioxidants and natural sunscreens. The purpose of this study was to determine the yield, antioxidant activity, sunscreen activity, and total phenol content (TPC) of extracts extracted from Daemonorops sp fruit (BD) and jernang processing waste (LPJ) with ethanol-water solvent at a concentration of ethanol (CE) 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100% at various ratios with solvents 1:5, 1:10, and 1:15, and analyzed the optimum extraction conditions based on yield value, antioxidant activity, activity sunscreen, and the TPC extract. This research consisted of raw material preparation, extraction, determination of water content, yield, testing of antioxidant activity by DPPH method, sunscreen activity by determination of Sun Protection Factor (SPF), and TPC. The analysis results showed that the interaction between CE and at various ratios with solvents
Keyword: Daemonorops sp, DPPH, Total Phenolic Content, Sun Protection Factor

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
Keyword: