Judul: Kajian Pengelolaan Hutan Rakyat Aren (Arenga Pinnata Merr) dan Kontribusinya Terhadap Pendapatan Rumah Tangga (Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Kabaena Barat, Buton, Sulawesi Tcnggara)
Abstrak: Pcngeioiaan sUlllberdaya hutan dewasa inl clihadapkan pacta masalah pcningkatan jumlah pcnciuduk yang bcrakibat pada mcningkHtnya kebutuhan pangan dan lahan. Karena itu diperlukan pendekatan pengeioiaall slIll1berdaya hutan yang senantiasa memperhatikun variabel kondisi obyektif masyarakat seperti kondisi 50sia1 budaya, tingkat perkembangan ekonomi dan pendidikan musyarakat setempat serta lingkungan alam yang melatarbelakangi kondisi wilayah tersebUL (Dephllt. 1997). Hutan rakyat sebagai suatu sistem yang darat mcnghasilkan bahan kebutuhan pangan dan sanelang telah lama dan berkembang scrta Illerupakan bagian dari kehidupan masyarakat eli berbagai daerah di Indonesia. Pengelllbangan berbagai jenis tanaman yang mClllberikan manfaat ganda (Afuilipurpose Tree SpecieslMPTS) salah satunya adalah tanaman arcn (llrenga pinnara MelT.) cocok untuk dikembangkan pad a hutan rakyat guna mendukung kelangsungan dan pcningkatan kcscjahteraan masyarakat khususnya di pedesaan. Tanaman ini menyebar hampir eli scluruh wilayah Indonesia, serta tanalllan ini tclall lama dikcnal dan dimanfaatkan olch petani secara turun-temurun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah : I. Mempelajari sistem pengelolaan hutan rakyat aren di lokasi penelitian 2. Mengetahui kontribusinya terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga petani arcll. Manfaat yang dapat diperoleh dari penelitian ini sebagai informasi tentang sistem pengelolaan hutan rakyat aren yang terdapat di Kecamatan I(abaena B3I'at, Buton, Sulawesi Tenggara dan masukan bagi pengal1lbil kebijakan dalal1l l1leningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat di pedesaan khususnya masyarakat sekitar kawasan hutan . Total responden terpilih sebanyak 71 kepala keluarga yang bennukim di tiga dcsa yaitu Tirongkotu8, Tedubara, dan Baliara ciengan luas kepemilikan lahan sebesar 0- J ha sebanyak 27 respondcn (38,03 0/0),1-2 ha sebanyak 25 responden (35,21 %) dan luas lahan yang Icbih dari 2 ha sebanyak J 9 (26.27 ilia). Tingkat pendidikan responden pada umllmnya pcrnah duduk di sekolah dasar sebanyak 27 responden (38,03 %), SL TP sebanyak 22 responden (30,98 %), SMA sebanyak 21 responden (29,58 %) dan perguruan til1ggi I responden (1,41 %). Umumnya pcmilikan lahan berasal dari warisan (Tongk1lra) dan status kepemilikan lahan dan tanaman aren pada masyarakat setempat (Moronene) merupakan hak milik keillarga yang dapat ciiwariskan. Pemilikan lahan yang bersumber dari warisan sebanyak 63,38 %, pemberian (26,76 %) pembelian (1.41 %) serta sewa (8,5 %). Kegiatan pengelolaan tanaman ini lebih banyak dilakukan dalam unit keluarga dan bellim mengenallmenggllnakan tenaga kerja upahan. Pad a kegiatan ini kaum pria sebagai kepaJa kclllarga lebih banyak Illclakukan kegiatan penyadapan hingga mengolah hasil sadapan mcnjadi gula arcn. sedang ka1l111 wa"nita hanya membantll dalam
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Judul: Kontribusi Pengelolaan Hutan Rakyat Terhadap Pendapatan Rumah Tangga Petani dan Analisis Kelayakan Usaha Hutan Rakyat. (Studi di Desa Babakanreuma, Kecamatan Sindangagung, Kabupaten Kuningan, Propinsi Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: According to Hardjanto (2000), income of community forest farmers in Java are still positioned as a by product and incidental. Range of income is not more than 10 % of total revenue and sought simply. It shows that the contribution of community forest have not become the foundation of households subsistence, so it is necessary to conduct a study about how is the contribution of community forests management to total household income and it’s feasibility, especially in the Village Babakanreuma, District Sindangagung, Kuningan Regency, West Java Province. The purpose of this study was to identify the system of community forests management and marketing, knowing the contributions community forests management to households total income as well as examine the linkage of effectiveness of community forests area to the households total income and to determine the feasibility of it’s businesses. Determination of the respondents conducted using stratified random sampling method in which the respondents were 36 people obtained from the slovin formula. This study uses a qualitative approach that conducted by survey method using questionnaire and supported by quantitative techniques. The results shows that the contribution of community forests management to the households income has been very visible, reinforced by the magnitude of the contribution value that become higher and increasing in strata. So that the farmers land area of community forest significantly affected their household income. From the data obtained, in 1st strata , the resulting contribution is Rp. 2,208,333.00 per year (7.79%), 2nd strata is Rp 3.800.000,00 per year (11.98%), and 3rd strata is Rp 5.500.000,00 per year (13.00%). Management of community forests is feasible to run on all three strata. These statements are based on the amount of NPV (Net Present Value) that is not negative, BCR (Benefit Cost Ratio) is greater than one and the IRR (Internal Rate of Return) is greater than the prevailing rates. NPV values in strata I, II and III is Rp 6.378.880,00; Rp 14.134.803,00 and Rp 3.985.918.00. Community forests management systems at the sites are still modest. The harvesting is still based on needs and not according to the Sengon plant cycle which is the staple in this village. The timber marketing is only done by a contract system or the middleman (tengkulak) / buyer and furthermore become the responsibility of the middleman / buyer it self.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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