Judul: Efek Salinitas Berbeda terhadap Respon Fisiologis Benih Ikan Tengadak (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii Bleeker, 1854)
Abstrak: Ikan tengadak (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii) merupakan salah satu ikan air tawar asli Indonesia yang memiliki nilai ekonomis yang tinggi. Domestikasi ikan tengadak penting dilakukan untuk tetap menjaga kelestariannya. Dalam domestikasi ikan, salinitas merupakan salah satu parameter yang dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh salinitas terhadap kondisi fisiologis benih ikan tengadak (B. schwanenfeldii). Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Juni hingga Oktober 2021 di Instalasi Riset Plasma Nutfah Perikanan Air Tawar, Kabupaten Bogor. Ikan tengadak diberi perlakuan salinitas 0, 3, 6, 9, dan 12 ppt dan dilakukan pengamatan selama 21 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan salinitas dari 0 ppt mengakibatkan meningkatnya parameter lingkungan (konduktivitas dan alkalinitas), meningkatkan kadar kortisol, dan menurunkan tingkat konsumsi pakan, sintasan, dan laju pertumbuhan benih ikan tengadak. Nilai kortisol dan glukosa paling tinggi pada perlakuan 6 dan 12 ppt. Kelangsungan hidup ikan tengadak paling tinggi terjadi pada perlakuan 0 dan 3 ppt. Benih ikan tengadak memiliki kisaran toleransi yang sempit terhadap salinitas (0-3 ppt). Benih ikan yang dipelihara pada salinitas di atas 3 ppt akan mengalami stres yang terlihat dari tingginya kadar kortisol dan glukosa darah., Tinfoil barb (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii) is one of the freshwater fish native to Indonesia that has high economic value. Domestication is an important method for the sustainable use of fish species. In fish domestication, salinity is one of the parameters that affect the growth and survival rate of fish. This study aims to analyze the effect of salinity on physiological conditions of tinfoil barb (B. schwanenfeldii) juveniles. The research was conducted from June to October 2021 at the Research Station for Freshwater Fisheries Germplasm, Cijeruk, Bogor. Tinfoil barb juveniles were treated with different salinities including 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 ppt and observed for 21 days experiment. The research results showed that an increase in salinity from 0 ppt resulted in an increase in environmental parameters (conductivity and alkalinity), increased cortisol levels, and decreased feed consumption, survival rate, and growth rate of tinfoil barb. The highest cortisol and glucose levels occurred in the 12 ppt and 6 ppt treatments. The highest survival rate of tinfoil barb was observed in the treatment of 0 and 3 ppt. This research indicates that the juveniles of tinfoil barb show a narrow tolerant range on salinity (0-3 ppt). The fish fry reared at salinity above 3 ppt experienced stress conditions which can be detected by the high levels of cortisol and blood glucose.
Keyword: domestication, physiological, salinity, tinfoil barb

Judul: Physiological Response of tinfoil barb (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii Bleeker, 1854) to pH Variability
Abstrak: Permasalahan dalam domestikasi ikan tengadak (B. schwanenfeldii) selama ini adalah pertumbuhan benih yang rendah diduga akibat kondisi lingkungan yang tidak optimal. Salah satu faktor lingkungan yang mempengaruhi kelangsungan hidup benih ikan ini adalah kondisi pH pada media pemeliharaan, dimana pH yang optimum akan berdampak positif bagi sistem fisiologi, kelangsungan hidup, dan pertumbuhan dengan kisaran 7-8 untuk ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh perbedaan pH terhadap kondisi fisiologis benih ikan tengadak sehingga diperoleh nilai pH optimum bagi pertumbuhan benihnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulai Juni hingga Oktober 2021 dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan pH 5, 6, 7, dan 8 dengan pengulangan sebanyak tiga kali dengan parameter uji berupa pertumbuhan, kelangsungan hidup, kualitas air, dan parameter fisiologis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada pH 5 dan 8 benih ikan tengadak mengalami pertumbuhan dan sintasan yang lebih rendah. Kadar glukosa dan kortisol menunjukkan pada pH 8 ikan mengalami stres dengan kadar 75,33 ± 25,50 mg/dL dan 55,48 ± 13,04 ng/mL. Kisaran pH terbaik yang dapat mendukung proses fisiologis dan pertumbuhan benih ikan tengadak adalah 6-7. Kata kunci: fisiologi, pertumbuhan, pH, sintasan, ikan tengadak, A great challenge in domesticating the tinfoil barb (B. schwanenfeldii) may be addressed to the slow growth of the tinfoil barb or fingerling linked with inoptimum environmental conditions. One of the environmental factors that affect the survival of this fish fry is the pH condition of the rearing media, the optimum pH will have a positive impact on the physiological system, survival, and growth with a range of 7-8 for fish. This study aims to determine the effect of differences in pH on the physiological conditions of the fish fry in order to obtain the optimum pH value for the growth of the fry. This research was conducted from June to October 2021 using a completely randomized design (CRD) with pH 5, 6, 7, and 8 treatments with three repetitions with test parameters in the form of growth, survival, water quality, and physiological parameters. The result of the research showed that at pH 5 and 8, the fry of scallops had lower growth and survival rates. Glucose and cortisol levels showed that at pH 8, the fish stressed with levels of 75.33 ± 25.50 mg/dL and 55.48 ± 13.04 ng/mL. The best pH range that can support the physiological processes and growth of tinfoil barb fry is 6-7. Keywords: physiology, growth, pH, survival, tinfoil barb
Keyword: fisiologi, pertumbuhan, pH, ikan tengadak, sintasan

Judul: Grup dan Homomorfisma Grup pada Rubik Revenge
Abstrak: Rubik cube is a kind of puzzle game. A player must arrange rubik sides, which have been disordered, back to the position where every side has the same colour. This paper does not focus on the settlement solution, but instead on proving the existence of a group homomorphism between rubik movement group and S96 symmetric permutation group in rubik revenge. Firstly, it has been proved that rubik movement set is a group. Then, it also has been proved that the M set, which contains numeric labels of 1 until 96 in cubinos sides, is S96 symmetric permutation group.
Keyword: