Judul: Analisis Metode Response Surface pada Produksi Biodiesel secara Katalitik dengan Static Mixing Reactor
Abstrak: Transesterification process of palm olein with static mixing reactor is influenced by temperature, time and percentage of KOH catalyst. This study aims to determine optimum operating condition of a static mixing reactor for biodiesel production in batch system using Response Surface Methodology ( RSM ) box - Behnken. Catalytic biodiesel production process was carried out using a static mixing reactor, where palm olein, methanol, and catalyst were flown to the static mixer with reaction temperature of 30oC, 45oC, 60oC . Catalyst concentration given in this study were 0.3 % , 0.4 %, 0.5 %, while time for sampling was 20, 30, and 40 minutes. Laboratory analysis was conducted to obtained acid number, saponification number and total glycerol numbers, and by calculation that methyl esters content was 97.41 % w / w. This figure has met the SNI standard of methyl ester content which is 96.5%. Optimum operating condition was found at temperature of 300C, operating time is 45 minutes and 0.4 % of KOH catalyst.
Keyword: response surface, methyl esther, biodiesel

Judul: Analysis of Kinetic Transesterification Reaction in Catalytic Biodiesel Production with Static Mixing Reactor
Abstrak: Catalytic process of biodiesel production requires rigorous mixing and a certain amount of catalyst itself in order to obtain the proper result of the process. Hipotetically, a good mixing can reduce the amount of required catalyst for a certain results. In this study, a static mixing reactor with KOH as catalyst was used to produce biodiesel. The objective of the study were (1) to evaluate the affect of decreassing the amount of KOH required as catalyst for the biodiesel production in the static mixing reactor (2) to study the kinetics of the reaction. The result showed that the percentage of catalyst greatly affected the reaction conversion, yield and kinetics of the transesterification reaction at the beginning of the reaction and declined afterward, because its ability nearly reached its maximum capacity. The model of reaction order that most appropriate to describe the condition of transesterification in this study was a pseudo third-order model. The activation energy was 71.83 kJ mol-1, and the influence of static mixers in the reactor was indicated by the value of the collision frequency factor (1.95 x 108 min-1). In other words, the presence of static mixer has a significant influence in accelerating the reaction.
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Judul: Isolasi dan Identifikasi Virus Newcatle Disease Pada Burung yang terdapat di Pasar-pasar Burung Wilayah Bogor.
Abstrak: Burung adalah satu jenis hewan kesayangan yang dipelihara karena burung bisa mengeluarkan suara-suara yang indah dan mempunyai warna bulu yang indah pula. Jenis burung yang ada di Indonesia kurang lebih 300 dan 118 jenis dari burung-burung tersebut terancam kepunahan. Kepunahan merupakan proses alami, dari catatan fosil menunjukkan rata-rata hanya satu jenis burung yang punah setiap 100 tahun. Dalam 200 tahun terakhir, tingkat kepunahan sedikitnya 40 kali lebih besar dari rata-rata angka kepunahan. Lalu kepunahan spesies burung yang sangat cepat tersebut berhubungan langsung dengan perusakan yang dilakukan oleh manusia dan pemanfaatan yang tidak lestari juga disebabkan oleh terserangya suatu penyakit yang akan mengakibatkan kematian sehingga menyebabkan kepunahan.
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