Judul: Temporal Question Answering System Bahasa Indonesia
Abstrak: Time is an important dimension in information retrieval. Temporal expressions describe time information embedded in the documents. Therefore, extraction and normalization of temporal expressions from documents are crucial. In this research, a question answering system is implemented for temporal information processing from documents in Indonesian language based on four types of temporal question beginning with question words such as siapa (what), kapan (when), di mana (where), and berapa (how many). Implicit time references in document are first normalized and tagged manually into explicit time references. Complex temporal question is divided into simpler questions by using temporal signal detection for specific sequence of events. In order to obtain answer candidates, heuristic weighting is performed on the top passages. Answer extraction is performed using the smallest distance between query and answer candidates. A corpus containing 100 documents and 80 queries is used in this research. Answer evaluation is based on three criteria, namely, Right, Wrong, and Unsupported. The questions are used to evaluate the results of BM25 and Proximity ranking modes. The evaluation for simple temporal questions (Type 1 and 2) using BM25 and Proximity gave the same results at 85% Right answers for Type 1 and 75% for Type 2. The results for complex temporal questions (Type 3 and 4) indicated good performance. The best results were obtained by BM25 at 95% Right answers for Type 3 and 75% for Type 4, while using Proximity resulted in 85% Right answers for Type 3 and 80% for Type 4. We also used our corpus on a nontemporal question answering system by Umriadi in 2011. The results are 60%, 55%, 60%, and 40% Right answers for Type 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively, much lower than our temporal question answering system. Therefore, temporal expression extraction and temporal signal identification are particularly important for handling questions containing temporal information. Our system is able to identify and answer the temporal questions in Indonesian language.
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Judul: Implementation of Question Answering System for Document in Bahasa Indonesia with List Question
Abstrak: In the last few years, many studies of Question Answering System (QAS) have been conducted by a number of research groups around the world. Lately, a question is not only presented in the form of factoid questions, but also as a list questions where a question requires more than a single-entity of answer. However, recent development on QAS can only accommodate factoid questions which only require a single-entity's answer. To address this issue, the purpose of this research is to implement QAS for list questions. In order to obtain candidate of answers, heuristic weighting is performed in the passage which is contained on the top n documents. One thousand documents and 40 queries are used in the experiment. The best results of experiment show correctness of 26%, 39%, 36.33% and 70 % for "who", "how many/much", "where" and "when" list questions, respectively.
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Judul: The Leukocyte Profile of Pregnant Friesian Holstein Cows vaccinated with Escherichia coli K99 polivalen vaccine.
Abstrak: The objective of this experiment was to study the leukocyte profile of pregnant cows vaccinated with E.coli K99 polivalen vaccine. Three pregnant Friesian Holsteins cows were used in this experiment. Before the administration of vaccine, the cows were given a series of immunomodulator injection for three days. The vaccinations were administered three times at 8, 6, and 4 weeks before calving. Blood were drawn through jugular vein, first before the administration of vaccines, then weekly until calving. Based on the observation, it can be concluded that the administration of E.coli K99 polivalen vaccine in pregnant cows not affected the leukocyte profile. Keywords : Escherichia coli vaccine, leukocyte profile, differential leukocyte
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