Judul: Dairy Cow Milk Production and Quality Based on Good Dairy Farming Practice and Good Milking Practice at Pondok Ranggon
Abstrak: Pengembangan usaha peternakan sapi perah dapat dilakukan melalui penerapan standardisasi tatalaksana Good Dairy Farming Practice (GDFP) dan Good Milking Practice (GMiP). Oleh karena itu tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengevaluasi dan memperbaiki aspek teknis melalui pedoman GDFP yaitu pembibitan dan reproduksi, pakan dan air minum, pengelolaan, kandang dan peralatan, kesehatan hewan, serta kesejahteraan hewan dan melalui pedoman GMiP yaitu faktor sebelum pemerahan, saat pemerahan, dan setelah pemerahan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode pengamatan secara langsung dan wawancara terhadap para peternak. Hasil evaluasi aspek teknis yang dibandingkan dengan nilai rata-rata pelaksanaan GDFP dan GMiP di peternakan Pondok Ranggon menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan aspek teknis GDFP termasuk dalam kategori baik yaitu 3,37±0,53 sedangkan aspek teknis GMiP dalam kategori sudah cukup baik yaitu 2,93±0,59. Hal ini diikuti dengan rataan produksi susu di kawasan Pondok Ranggon yang sudah cukup baik 9,19 L ekorˉ¹ hariˉ¹ dengan kualitas susu yang baik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitan ini pelaksanaan aspek teknis pemeliharaan sapi perah berdasarkan standar GDFP dan GMiP pada peternakan rakyat Pondok Ranggon perlu ditingkatkan lagi agar produksi dan kualitas susu yang dihasilkan lebih baik., Dairy farming business development can be done through the application of standardized procedures for Good Dairy Farming Practice (GDFP) and Good Milking Practice (GMiP). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate and improve technical aspects through GDFP guidelines, namely breeding and reproduction, feed and drinking water, management, cages and equipment, animal health, and animal welfare, and through GMiP guidelines, namely factors before milking, during milking, and after milking. The research was conducted by doing direct observation and interviews with farmers. The results of the evaluation of the technical aspects which were compared with the average value of the implementation of GDFP and GMiP at Pondok Ranggon farms showed that the implementation of the technical aspects of GDFP was categorized as good category, the score was 3.37±0.53, while the technical aspects of GMiP were categorized as adequate with the score was 2.93 ±0.59. The average milk production in the Pondok Ranggon area was adequate at 9.19 L head ˉ¹ dayˉ¹ with good milk quality. Based on the results it is concluded that the implementation of the technical aspects of raising dairy cows based on the GDFP and GMiP standards on the Pondok Ranggon people's farm should be improved.
Keyword: breeders, dairy cow, GDFP, GMiP, milk

Judul: Application of GDFP and GMiP on Smallholder Dairy Farms in Tajurhalang Village Cijeruk Sub-district Bogor District West Java
Abstrak: Produksi susu di Indonesia hanya mampu memenuhi sekitar 22% dari kebutuhan susu nasional sedangkan sisanya berasal dari impor. Susu berkualitas baik dan aman dikonsumsi diproduksi dari peternakan yang mengaplikasikan manajemen pemerahan dan manajemen sanitasi yang baik. Good Dairy Farming Practice (GDFP) merupakan pedoman budidaya ternak sapi perah yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas suatu usaha peternakan sapi perah. Penerapan Good Milking Practice (GMiP) pada peternakan dapat menciptakan proses pemerahan yang higienis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui penerapan GDFP dan GMiP di Peternakan rakyat sapi perah di Desa Tajurhalang, Kecamatan Cijeruk, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat. Jumlah responden yang diwawancarai sebanyak 38 peternak. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif untuk mendeskripsikan kondisi peternakan sapi perah rakyat di Desa Tajurhalang. Hasil evaluasi penerapan GDFP di Desa Tajurhalang menunjukkan nilai rataan 3,47 (baik) dan hasil evaluasi penerapan GMiP menunjukkan nilai rataan 2,92 (cukup baik). Produksi susu rata- rata di Desa Tajurhalang yaitu sekitar 10,51 Liter ekor-1 hari-1. Perlu adanya peningkatan pada beberapa aspek agar nilai GDFP dan GMiP meningkat., Milk production level in Indonesia only able to fulfill approximately 22% of national milk needs while the rest are imported. Good quality and safe to consume milks are produced by farms that apply good milking management and good sanitation. Good Dairy Farming Practice (GDFP) is a guideline for dairy farming which aims to increase productivity of dairy farming business. Application of Good Milking Practice (GMiP) on farm can create hygienic milking process. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the application of GDFP and GMiP on smallholder dairy farms in Tajurhalang Village, Cijeruk Sub-district, Bogor District, West Java. The number of respondents that has been interviewed are 38 farmer. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis to describe the condition of smallholder dairy farms in Tajurhalang Village. The result of the evaluation of GDFP in Tajurhalang Village show an average value of 3,47 (good) and the evaluation of GMiP show an average value of 2,92 (good enough). Average milk production in Tajurhalang Village is ±10,51 Liter heads-1 day-1. Improvements are needed in several aspects so the value of GDFP and GMiP could increase.
Keyword: Cijeruk, Dairy cow, Good Dairy Farming Practice (GDFP), Good Milking Practice (GMiP), Smallholder farms

Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4