Judul: Implementation of security protocol is using digital cash payment system supervised
Abstrak: Digital Cash is a payment tool that stores the information a long withdigital signatures as the authentication of digital money correctness using 64-bit RS Aalgorithm. Digital Cash,in essence,needs the support from a credible third party, usually the government and the banking industry. Important properties for the implementation of Digital Cash which will support the smooth running of the transaction process, are anonymous, portable, reusable and user friendly. The study involves three groups of mutual interactionsin the process of Digital Cash implementation, where a security protocol can be done online or offline without having to involve the credit car.
Keyword: Anonymous, digitalcash, digitalsignatures, onlinetransaction, 64-bit RSA

Judul: Sistem tanda tangan digital online untuk naskah dinas menggunakan algoritma DSA (Digital Signature Algorithm)
Abstrak: Digital signature is the result of a cryptographic transformation from a message with a certain length of bits that can provide a mechanism to verify the origin authentication, data integrity, and non-repudiation of the signatories. The purpose of this study is to implement digital signatures on official letter using the DSA algorithm and test the execution time for the process of key pair formation, signature formation, and signature verification. Users of the system consists of three entities, namely employees, admin, and the certification authority. The development system was able to generate the private key and public key, generate a signature in the form of a compressed file (zip), and verify the signature and the public key along with the certificate. Functionality test of the system showed that 100% of the functions work is well. Execution time test concluded that the type and size of the official letter was not directly related to the execution time when the signatures were generated dan verified. Verification test of signature with specific scenarios showed that the signature file was not resistant to the attempt of re-extraction and re-compression.
Keyword: official letter, DSA, digital signature

Judul: Biology and ecology of the buffalo fly, haematobia exigua de meijere (diptera:muscidae)
Abstrak: The life history of the buffalo fly was observed at room temperature of 27°-29.5°C and at a relative humidity of 48-68 percent. The eggs hatched after 17-22 hours, with an average of 18 hours. First instar larvae measured 1.25 + 0.16 mm long and 0.27 + 0.037 mm wide. reach the second larval stage. It took 6-12 hours to the second instar larvae measured 2.676 +0.187 mm long and 0.353 +0.028 mm wide. The second instar took about 12-24 hours to reach the third larval stage. The third instar measured 6.833 + 0.189 mm long and 0.919 + 0.051 mm wide. It took about 2-3 days for the third instar to become pupae. Duration of the pupal stage was about 5-7 days before the adults emerged. Under laboratory condition, the buffalo fly completed its life cycle in 9.5 to 10.5 days, whereas under field condition it took 9-14 days with an average of 10.5 days. The growth ratio which was based on the measurements of the cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton of each instar was 1.797. The preoviposition period was 8-12 days and mating usually occurred on the 6th or 7th day. The longevity of the male was 29 days, whereas it was 32 days in the female. The range of egg production under laboratory condition was between 20-139 per female fly. The belly and hind legs of the carabao were the most preferred habitat either during cloudy and cool dry or shiny and warm day. When the weather was clear and the carabao was in the shade, the flies tended to be more distributed particularly on the shoulder, dewlap, back and horns. The carabaos had relatively fewer Musca sp. and Stomoxys calcitrans than cattle; never the less carabaos had a higher infestation of buffalo fly than cattle. Oviposition occured either during the day or night but the buffalo flies were more active during the night than in the day time. The effect of various lengths of exposure time of manure in relation to the oviposition was profound. observed, the maximum number of the buffalo flies was occurred when the dung was exposed for 30 minutes. With increasing time of exposure the number and variety of insects also increase. It was evident that Sepsidae and psychodidae were the most dominant insects emerging from the dung. The number of buffalo flies also increased with increasing
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