Judul: The evaluation of nutrient quality of ramie leaves silage and hay in complete mixed ration for Etawah-Crossbreed goat using in vitro technique
Abstrak: A research have been conducted to evaluate the effect of ramie leaves silage and hay in Etawah Crossbreed (PE) goat complete mixed ration (CMR) on nutrient content, fermentability, and digestibility by in vitro. There were seven CMR dietary treatments i.e. P0 (control ration) = 50% napier grass + 50% concentrate, P1 = 30% napier grass + 20% ramie leaves silage + 50% concentrate, P2 = 20% napier grass + 30% ramie leaves silage + 50% concentrate, P3 = 10% napier grass + 40% ramie leaves silage + 50% concentrate, P4 = 30% napier grass + 20% ramie leaves hay + 50% concentrate, P5 = 20% napier grass + 30% ramie leaves hay + 50% concentrate, and P6 = 10% napier grass + 40% hay + 50% concentrate. Both ramie leaves silage and hay increased the CMR digestibility and nutrient content, except the crude fiber. Control ration had a higher crude fiber than silage and hay. The CMR which contain ramie leaves silage (40%) had higher nutrient digestibilities compared to the other rations. Rations which were added with ramie leaves silage (P1 – P3) had a higher VFA concentration compared to the other rations. Ammonia concentration of rations added with preserved ramie leaves were lower than control, however ammonia concentration in all treatments were in optimal range. Acetate proportion was higher in CMR which contain ramie leaves hay than CMR which contain silage and the nutrients digestibilities were lower. Adding ramie leaves silage in rations resulted higher propionate and butyrate proportion than control and rations which added with ramie leaves hay. Either silage or hay ramie leaves can be used up to 40% as Napier grass substitute in the PE CMR.
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Judul: Komparasi Kecernaan Ransum dengan Penambahan Hay dan Silase Daun Rami pada Ternak Kambing Jawarandu secara In Vivo
Abstrak: The study was aimed to compare in vivo digestibility of ramie leaves in the form of hay and silage in jawarandu goat ration. The experiment was done using ewe jawarandu goats weighted 27 ± 4,68 kg from September to December 2010 at the Field Laboratory of Dairy Cattle Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University. Randomized block design was used in this experiment. Three types of ration (R1= Control ration consisted of 50% grass + 50% concentrate; R2 consisted of 50% grass + 40% concentrate + 10% ramie leaf silage, and R3 consisted of 50% grass + 40 + 10% concentrate % hay ramie leaf) were used as treatments. Each treatment was repeated thrice. Ration and nutrients offered, ration and nutrients left over, total faecal and its composition were measured for consumptions and digestibilites calculations. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued with Duncan's multiple range tests. The results showed that the digestibility of crude protein (DCP) in R1 (68.6%) was higher than R3 (54.90%) and R2 (40.51%) but there were no significant different effect of R1, R2, and R3 on digestibilities of dry matter (DMD), extract ether (DEE), crude fibre (DCF), and nitrogen free extract (DNFE) of the rations. Substitution of 10% concentrate by ramie either in hay or silage forms did not affect digestibility of ration and nutritions except protein digestibility. Subtitution of concentrat by ramie leave in form of hay produced a better digestibility compare to silage. The addition of 10% ramie leaf shaped silage or hay in the ration concentrate jawarandu goats could be done and could produce a good ration digestibility, especially digestibility of ether extract. However, the addition of 10% ramie leaf shaped silage or hay has not been able to replace the protein source of feed materials making up the concentrate control ration (soybean meal and coconut meal) in terms of crude protein digestibility. The provision of ramie in the form of hay produced higher digestibility DCP than ramie in the form of silage.
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Judul: Teknik penentuan posisi bintang berdasarkan pelat foto overlapping
Abstrak: Bintang adalah salah satu objek langit yang menarik untuk diamati. Untuk itu, pengetahuan tentang posisi bintang sangat diperlukan. Posisi bintang di langit dapat dihitung melalui foto bintang. Fotografi astronomi atau astrometri merupakan ilmu yang mempelajari metode untuk menentukan posisi bendabenda langit seperti bintang berdasarkan pelat foto (Kamp, 1967). Sebuah pelat foto berisi citra bintang-bintang yang sudah diketahui posisinya berdasarkan katalog dan citra bintang-bintang yang belum diketahui posisinya. Posisi bintang yang ada di katalog dinyatakan dengan (a,3). Bintang yang belum diketahui posisinya lebih banyak jumlahnya daripada bintang yang sudah diketahui posisinya. Citra bintang pada pelat foto berupa sebuah titik dalam bentuk tetap. Posisinya pada pelat merupakan hasil pengukuran pada bidang kartesius dan dinyatakan dengan (1;,fl). Hasil pengukuran tersebut kemudian direduksi menjadi koordinat terukur (x,y). Hubungan antara (a,3) dan (x,y) didekati dengan sebuah deret dengan konstanta-konsranta deret merupakan konstanta pelat. Nilai konstanta pelat diperoleh dengan menggabungkan hasil pengukuran posisi bintang pada masing-masing pelat menjadi sebuah persamaan normal (Jefferys, 1963). Hasil akhir dari gugus persamaan normal tersebut dijabarkan dalam bentuk nOlasi matriks partisi dan berupa sebuah sistem persamaan linier Ax = b di mana A adalah matriks jarang, dan x merupakan konstanta pelar yang akan dicari nilainya. Untuk menyelesaikan sistem persamaan linier terse but digunakan metode transformasi given. Konstanta pelat yang sudah diperoleh dengan menyelesaikan sistem persamaan linier di atas, kemudian disubtitusi ke sebuah persamaan untuk memperoleh posisi bintang yang tidak tercantum dalam katalog. .
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