Judul: Kontribusi minuman dalam kemasan berlabel terhadap tingkat kecukupan energi dan zat gizi pada siswa sekolah dasar dan menengah bina insani di kota Bogor
Abstrak: The objective of this research is to analyze the contribution of drinks to the level of energy and nutrient intake of the primary and high school students at Bina Insani Bogor. Cross-sectional study design method was applied. The data were collected within the period of January to February 2011 at Bina Insani School. The sample taken consisted of three hundreds respondents, consisting of primary, junior high school and senior high school students,100 students each. The results of this study showed that on average, the contribution of drinks consumption towards overall energy and nutrient consumed is 5% among senior high school students, 9% among junior high school students and 9% among primary school students. Another prominent nutrient intake contribution is contribution of vitamin C and calcium. Factors affecting energy, vitamin C and calcium intake contribution are pocket money allocated to buy drinks, volume consumed, and frequency of consumption of drinks.
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Judul: Snacking Habits and Nutrients Contribution on Their Nutrient Requirement of Elementary School Students in Cijeruk, Bogor
Abstrak: Diperkirakan makanan jajanan semakin banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat termasuk siswa usia sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kebiasaan mengonsumsi makan dan minum jajanan dan menganalisis kontribusi jajanan zat gizi makro dan mikro terhadap kebutuhan harian anak sekolah. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional study dengan menggunakan data sekunder pada 915 subjek yang merupakan siswa dari 16 sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Cijeruk, Kabupaten Bogor yang dilakukan pada awal tahun 2020. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi karakteristik subjek, konsumsi makanan dan minuman termasuk jajanan menggunakan metode food recall 3x24. Asupan energi dan 11 zat gizi diolah menggunakan daftar kandungan gizi pangan, dan kebutuhan zat gizi dihitung untuk setiap siswa. Kebiasaan makanan jajanan meliputi frekuensi, jenis, waktu makan dan tipe makanan jajanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kebiasaan mengonsumsi makanan jajanan sebagian besar sebanyak 2 kali/hari yaitu pagi dan siang dengan jenis jajanan berupa gorengan dan minuman manis. Pada umumnya tipe makanan jajanan adalah pangan karbohidrat dengan minuman. Kontribusi makanan jajanan berkisar dari 5,26±5,82% (kalsium) sampai 23,6±11,4% (air). Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kontribusi gizi dari jajanan dengan status gizi dan tidak ada perbedaan antar status sosial ekonomi., It is estimated that the community, including school-age students, increasingly consume snack foods. This study aimed to analyze snacking habits and to analyze macronutrients and micronutrient snacking contribution on their daily nutrient requirement of school students. This cross-sectional study utilizes secondary sources that involved 915 subjects, in this case, students from 16 elementary schools in Cijeruk, Bogor District that commenced in early year 2020. Data collected such as subject characteristic, food and beverage consumption included snacks by recall 3x24 hours. Energy intake and 11 nutrients were processed using a list of nutritional food contents, and nutrient requirements were calculated for each student. Snack food habits include frequency, type, mealtime and type of snack food. The results showed that the habit of consuming snack foods mainly was two times/day, namely in the morning and afternoon with the types of snacks in fried foods and sweet drinks. In general, the type of snack food is carbohydrate food with drinks. The contribution of snacks ranged from 5.26±5.82% (calcium) to 23.6±11.4% (water). The statistical tests showed a significant relationship between the nutritional contribution of snacks and nutritional status, and there was no difference between socioeconomic status.
Keyword: Contribution snack, School students, Snacking habits

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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