Judul: Poverty Spatial Pattrern In Indramayu
Abstrak: It is assumed that poverty in one area is related to poverty in adjacent area. Hence, poverty is distributed following a certain pattern creating a cluster. An area or cluster having high density of poverty significantly is called hotspot. In this research, Flexibly shaped spatial scan statistic Method was used for detecting cluster and hotspot. A correlogram is created to explain that distance no correlation among poverty areas. Information about hotspot and correlogram can be used to act a program of poverty alleviation. Based on the results, there are 7 clusters high significant different with other cluster. In the seven cluster, there are 70 hotspot areas. The average distance of no correlation among poverty is 5.714 Km. To create poverty alleviation program efficiently, it is recommanded to implement in the middle of cluster.
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Judul: A modified test in flexibly shaped spatial scan statistic for detecting poverty hotspots.
Abstrak: A flexibly spatial scan statistic was proposed by Tango and Takahashi (2005) that can detect arbitrary shaped clusters (hotspots). In this research, a flexibly shaped spatial scan statistic will be applied to perform poverty hotspots detection in Bogor. Overall population of family in Bogor is 1,094,480 families and 29.44% of families who live in Bogor are categorized as poor family. The problem was flexibly spatial scan statistic use Poisson distribution in their calculation but the poverty rate was too high to be approached by Poisson distribution. In fact that Poisson must be constructed from the number of trials is large and the probability of success is small. We proposed Bernoulli distribution instead of Poisson. This distribution was more suitable to the faced case. That have to be noticed is sampling unit from both the distribution. At Poisson, what becoming sampling unit is village while at Bernoulli the sampling unit is family. Each family has only two possibility status, that are poor and not poor. It was meets the characteristic of Bernoulli distribution. In this proposed method, the events of being poor are independents distributed, so we could find the likelihood function as multiplication of each individual mass function. In this research, the proposed test tends to be more sensitive compared to Septiani (2006), we obtained more significant hotspot. The order of log likelihood ratio statistic was slightly different, there were only minor changes. Septiani’s result using Poisson distribution still relevant to detect poverty hotspots in Bogor.
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Judul: Karakteristik Anatomi Skelet Kepala Buaya senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii).
Abstrak: Buaya sepit atau senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii) merupakan jenis buaya asli Indonesia yang berhabitat di sungai-sungai Sumatera, Kalimantan, dan juga pedalaman Sulawesi. Salah satu ciri khas buaya senyulong adalah bentuk moncong yang runcing dan sempit, namun hingga saat ini informasi mengenai struktur skelet kepala buaya senyulong sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik anatomi skelet kepala buaya senyulong yang dikatikan dengan fungsi dan perilakunya. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksploratif dengan melakukan pengamatan, pencatatan, dan pengambilan gambar dari skelet kepala buaya senyulong. Skelet kepala berukuran panjang 70 cm, lebar 29 cm, dan tingggi 17 cm dengan permukaan kasar pada os nasale, os frontale, os maxilla, os mandibula, os lacrimale, os jugale. Jumlah gigi pada buaya ini sebanyak 78 buah, terdiri dari 4 buah gigi premaxila, 16 buah gigi maxila, dan 19 buah gigi mandibula. Pada regio orbitalis ditemukan dua pasang fenestrae temporales yang berkembang baik. Fenestra supratemporale merupakan lubang oval yang membentang di sepanjang os parietale. Fenestra infratemporale berbentuk segitiga dan dibatasi oleh os squamosum, os postorbitale, os jugulare, dan os quadratum. Os mandibula hewan ini mempunyai symphysis mandibularis yang panjang yaitu garis yang melintang di corpus mandibulae. Secara fungsional ukuran symphysis mandibularis berkaitan dengan adaptasi hewan terhadap diet makan.
Keyword: kepala, moncong, Tomistoma schlegelii