Judul: Pemberian Biomineral Dienkapsulasi Terhadap Konsumsi Lemak Kasar dan Serat kasar serta Komposisi Susu Sapi Friesian Holstein.
Abstrak: Supplements are used as feed to cattle to improve its production perfomances. Supplements that are given to livestock should be in good content and quality, having good biological value, natural as cattle feeds, and easy in the production and having cheap price. The aim of this experiment is to determine the effects of encapsulation biomineral supplement addition on ether extract and crude fiber intakes and milk composition of FH cows. This experiment used randomized block design with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were RI (control), R2 (R1 + 1.5% biomineral), R3 (R1 + 1.5% biomineral encapsulated with xylose), R4 (R1 + 1.5% mineral mix). This experiment was conducted for 2 months with 2 weeks adaption periods. Variables observed were dry matter consumption, ether extract and crude fibre intakes, and milk composition. The data were analyzed with analysis of variance. The results showed that the addition of supplements did not produce significant effects on all variables measured due to differences in age, days of lactation, and feeding. Although the effect of supplementation was not significant, the treatment tends to improve milk composition. Therefore, there is a possibility of using the biomineral supplementation to dairy cows.
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Judul: Konsentrasi mineral makro (Ca, P, Mg, dan S) dalam susu pada sapi yang diberi suplemen biomineral dienkapsulasi.
Abstrak: Lower productivity of dairy cow is caused by lack of grass availability especially in dry season, low concentrate quality and nutrient deficiency. The purpose of this experiment was to study the concentration of macro minerals (Ca, P, Mg, and S) in milk of Fries Holland dairy cows to the addition of encapsulated biomineral supplement in feed. The biominerals was prepared from rumen liquor. This experiment used a randomized block design, with 4 treatments and 4 groups as replications. Treatments consisted of R1 (control), R2 (R1 + 1.5 % biomineral without protection), R3 (R1 + 1.5% encapsulated biomineral) and R4 (R2 + 1.5% mineral mix). The experiment was conducted for 62 days with the adaptation periods for 2 weeks. Variables observed were dry matter intake, mineral consumptions and mineral concentrations (Ca, P, Mg, and S) in milk. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance, and differences among treatments were further examined with Contrast Orthogonal Test. The results showed that treatments did not significantly affect feed consumption, mineral intake and mineral concentrations in milk. However, the biomineral supplements can still be used as supplement in dairy ration.
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Judul: Closed Knight’s Tour pada Papan Catur Berbentuk Persegi Panjang dengan Ukuran Maksimal 8 × 8
Abstrak: Closed Knight’s Tour merupakan langkah kuda yang mengunjungi setiap kotak pada papan catur tepat satu kali dengan langkah kuda berawal dan berakhir pada kotak yang sama. Graf yang terbentuk dari closed knight’s tour dinotasikan sebagai graf G(m,n), dengan m adalah banyaknya baris dan n adalah banyaknya kolom. Graf tersebut memuat Hamiltonian cycle. Sebuah graf terhubung G adalah graf bipartite jika dan hanya jika graf tersebut tidak memiliki cycle dengan panjang ganjil. Papan catur yang memenuhi syarat cukup untuk memiliki closed knight’s tour adalah papan catur berukuran 5 × 6, 5 × 8, 6 × 6, 6 × 7, 6 × 8, 7 × 8, dan 8 × 8.
Keyword: bipartite, closed knight’s tour, hamiltonian cycle, knight’s tour, teori graf