Judul: Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Pendapatan PKL Makanan dan Implikasi Kebijakan Penanganan PKL di Kota Bogor.
Abstrak: Migration causes the increasing of population in urban area. Bogor as a satellite city beside Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi has a population amounted 950 334 people. Problem appears because of the migrants are unemployed and poor. Unemployment is a condition of unability a job field to absrop employment. Eventhough poverty is a consequence of unemployment,person who don’t work in formal sector, have a possibility to work in informal sector or create a new job. The object of this research is street vendor which is an example of informal sector. Until 2010, population of street vendor in Bogor reach 10 522 people. This research elaborates factors that affect income and policy implication to handle street vendors. This research used primary data from 51 responden. The results are factors that affect income such as capital, education, hour of work per day, experience, toll, training and location. Policy recommendations to handle street vendorsare legalization location, training, capital injection and reduce toll payment.
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Judul: Analisis pendapatan dan faktor kewirausahaan pedagang bakso sapi keliling di kota Bogor, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kota Bogor. Pemilihan lokasi dilakukan secara sengaja (purposive) karena Kota Bogor berpotensi untuk pengembangan usaha bakso, khususnya bakso sapi. Penentuan lokasi sampel (desalkelurahan) dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Teknik Acak Sederhana (Simple Random Sampling) dan responden yang dipilih yaitu responden yang ditemui saat penjaringan (Accidental Sampling). lumlah sampel sebanyak 35 responden. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pendapatanlkeuntungan usaha, menganalisis besarnya kontribusi pendapatan dari usaha bakso sapi keliling terhadap pendapatan total keluarga dan mengidentifikasi pengaruh faktor-faktor pendidikan, pengalaman us aha, motivasi, lokasi usaha dan nilai masyarakat sekitar lokasi usaha terhadap perilaku kewirausahaan pedagang bakso sapi keliling. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April sampai Juni 2000.
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Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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