Judul: Relationship Between  Vegetation Density Assessed Using NDVI with Carbon Reserves and Fire Hazard  Levels in HLG Sungai Buluh, Jambi
Abstrak: Hutan Lindung Gambut (HLG) Sungai Buluh merupakan kawasan lindung gambut di Jambi yang tergolong masih alami dan memiliki vegetasi yang sangat rapat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menduga kerapatan vegetasi mengunakan Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), menduga biomassa dan cadangan karbon beserta tingkat bahaya kebakaran, serta menganalisis hubungan NDVI dengan keanekaragaman vegetasi dan cadangan karbon di HLG Sungai Buluh. Metode yang digunakan meliputi analisis vegetasi, pendugaan karbon menggunakan pendekatan alometrik dan destruktif untuk tingkat semai dan tumbuhan bawah, pendugaan tingkat bahaya kebakaran menggunakan skoring tutupan lahan dan nilai NDVI. Berdasarkan hasil analisis NDVI, kelas kerapatan terbagi menjadi kelas 1 (-0,015 – 0,369), kelas 2 (0,369 – 0,438), kelas 3 (0,438 – 0,633). Famili yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah Lauraceae, Dipterocarpaceae, dan Myrtaceae. Rata-rata biomassa dan kandungan karbon yang didapatkan masing-masing sebesar 191,26 ton/ha dan 89,90 ton C/ha. Tingkat bahaya kebakaran pada seluruh kelas menunjukkan kategori tinggi. Konsentrasi karbon berkorelasi paling tinggi dengan LBDS (r = 98,2%). Nilai NDVI memiliki korelasi tertinggi dengan jumlah jenis., Sungai Buluh Peat Protection Forest (HLG) is a peat protected area in Jambi that still natural and characterized by a high degree of vegetation density.This study aimed to estimate vegetation density using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), estimate biomass and carbon stock along with fire hazard levels, and analyze the relationship between NDVI, vegetation diversity, and carbon reserves in HLG Sungai Buluh. The methods used include vegetation analysis, carbon estimation using allometric and destructive testing for seedlings and understory plants, fire hazard level estimation using land cover scoring and NDVI values. The result showed NDVI was categorized into three classes, nemely class 1 (-0,015 – 0,369), class 2 (0,369 – 0,438), class 3 (0,438 – 0,633). The most families found were Lauraceae, Dipterocarpaceae, and Myrtaceae. The average biomass and carbon stock obtained were 191,26 tons/ha and 89,90 tons C/ha, respectively. Fire hazard levels in all classes were found to be high. Carbon stock strongly correlated with LBDS (r = 98,2%). The NDVI value strongly correlated with the number of species.
Keyword: indeks vegetasi, karbon, tutupan lahan, tingkat bahaya kebakaran

Judul: Pendugaan Kerapatan Vegetasi Menggunakan NDVI dan Stok Karbon pada Zona Inti Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Salak
Abstrak: Forestry and Other Land Uses (FOLU) merupakan sektor penting dalam strategi pembangunan rendah karbon dan ketahanan iklim. Kawasan konservasi Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Salak (TNGHS) berpotensi dalam mitigasi perubahan iklim melalui peningkatan stok karbon. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menduga kerapatan vegetasi menggunakan Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), menduga biomassa dan cadangan karbon, serta menganalisis hubungan NDVI dengan keanekaragaman vegetasi dan cadangan karbon di zona inti TNGHS. Metode yang digunakan yaitu analisis vegetasi dan pendugaan karbon menggunakan pendekatan alometrik dan destruktif untuk strata semai dan tumbuhan bawah. Plot yang dibangun berukuran 50 m × 50 m sebanyak 14 plot. Berdasarkan hasil analisis NDVI, kelas kerapatan terbagi menjadi kelas 1 (0,72 - 0,76) dan kelas 2 (0,77 - 0,85). Komposisi vegetasi di zona pemanfaatan TNGHS terdiri atas 36 jenis tumbuhan dari 16 famili. Famili terbanyak adalah Lauraceae, Fagaceae, dan Myrtaceae. Lokasi penelitian didominasi oleh Castanopsis acuminatissima. Rata-rata biomassa dan stok karbon yang diperoleh masing-masing sebesar 268,98 ton/ha dan 126,96 ton C/ha. Stok karbon memiliki korelasi tertinggi dengan LBDS (r = 84%). Nilai NDVI memiliki korelasi tertinggi dengan kerapatan pohon per ha., Forestry and Other Land Uses (FOLU) is an important sector in low-carbon development strategies and climate resilience. The Gunung Halimun Salak National Park (TNGHS) conservation area has the potential to mitigate climate change through increasing carbon stocks. This research aims to estimate vegetation density using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), estimate biomass and carbon stocks, and analyze the relationship between NDVI and vegetation diversity and carbon stocks in the core zone of TNGHS. The methods used are vegetation analysis and carbon estimation using allometric and destructive approaches for seedling and understory strata. There were 14 established with the size 50 m × 50 m. Based on the results of NDVI analysis, density classes are divided into class 1 (0.72 - 0.76) and class 2 (0.77 - 0.85). The vegetation composition in the TNGHS core zone consists of 36 plant species from 16 families. The most abundant families are Lauraceae, Fagaceae, and Myrtaceae. The research location is dominated by Castanopsis acuminatissima. The average biomass and carbon concentrations obtained were 268.98 tonnes/ha and 126.96 tonnes C/ha respectively. Carbon concentration had the highest correlation with LBDS (r = 84%). NDVI values had the highest correlation with tree density per hectare.
Keyword: carbon stock, conservation area, FOLU Net Sink, Halimun Salak

Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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