Judul: The Influence of Body Condition Score, Cleanliness, and Bedding on the Comfort of Beef Cattle in Central Lampung
Abstrak: Indeks kenyamanan sapi atau Cow Comfort Index (CCI) merupakan salah satu ukuran penunjuk tingkat kenyamanan sapi dengan melihat rasio hewan berbaring dibagi total jumlah hewan. Beberapa faktor yang dicurigai memiliki hubungan dengan tingkat CCI di antaranya Body Condition Score (BCS), kebersihan sapi, jenis alas kandang, serta kondisi kering/basah alas kandang. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan korelasi dari faktor-faktor tersebut terhadap CCI peternakan sapi potong yang ada di Lampung Tengah. Data diambil sebanyak dua kali (pagi dan siang hari) di 65 kandang peternakan sapi potong di Kecamatan Terbanggi Besar dan Kecamatan Way Pengubuan Kabupaten Lampung Tengah. Selanjutnya, data diolah menggunakan analisis korelasi Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BCS, kebersihan sapi, dan alas kandang tidak kuat hubungannya terhadap tingkat kenyamanan sapi. Hasil yang signifikan hanya diperoleh dari pengamatan korelasi positif antara kondisi kering/basah alas kandang terhadap CCI. Tingkat kenyamanan sapi yang rendah pada peternakan sapi potong di Lampung Tengah mungkin dipengaruhi faktor lain seperti suhu dan kelembapan kandang serta status kesehatan sapi., Cow Comfort Index (CCI) is a measure of the level of comfort of cattle by looking at the ratio of lying animals to the total number of animals. Factors suspected to be related to the CCI level include Body Condition Score (BCS), cow cleanliness, type of bedding, and the dry/wet condition of the bedding. This study aimed to determine the correlation of these factors with the CCI in beef cow farms in Central Lampung. Data was collected twice (in the morning and afternoon) from 65 beef cattle farms in Terbanggi Besar and Way Pengubuan Districts, Central Lampung Regency. Subsequently, the data was analyzed using Spearman's correlation. The results showed that BCS, cow cleanliness, and bedding did not have a strong correlation on the CCI. Significant results were only obtained from observing a positive correlation between dry/wet conditions of cage bedding and CCI. The low CCI level on beef cattle farms in Central Lampung may be influenced by other factors such as temperature and humidity in the pen and the cows’ health status.
Keyword: alas kandang, BCS, CCI, kebersihan sapi, sapi potong

Judul: Physiological Response of Cows Based on Frame Type in Central Lampung
Abstrak: Kabupaten Lampung Tengah memiliki potensi besar dalam pengembangan peternakan sapi potong. Saat ini, penelitian cenderung berfokus pada pengukuran morfometrik sapi potong di daerah tersebut, yang meski berguna sebagai acuan performa, belum ada penelitian yang secara langsung pengaruh lingkungan terhadap respons fisiologis sapi dengan tipe kerangka yang berbeda. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis respons fisiologis sapi betina dengan kerangka yang berbeda di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah melalui beberapa peubah, termasuk suhu rektal, suhu permukaan, detak jantung, dan laju pernafasan. Pengujian data menggunakan Uji T Independent t-test, dan meskipun nilai THI menunjukkan adanya tingkat cekaman panas sedang di lokasi penelitian, sapi-sapi yang diteliti menunjukkan nilai fisiologis dalam kisaran normal. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa meskipun terpapar cekaman panas, sapi-sapi tersebut mampu menjaga keseimbangan fisiologis mereka. Sapi dengan kerangka sedang maupun besar memiliki kemampuan yang serupa dalam menghadapi dan beradaptasi dengan cekaman panas yang diukur., Central Lampung Regency has great potential in the development of beef cattle farming. Currently, research tends to focus on morphometric measurements of beef cattle in the area, which although useful as a reference for performance, there have been no studies that directly influence the environment on the physiological responses of cows with different types of skeletons. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the physiological responses of heifers with different skeletons in Central Lampung Regency through several variables, including rectal temperature, surface temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate. Data testing used the Independent t-test, and although THI values indicated moderate levels of heat stress at the study site, the cows studied showed physiological values within the normal range. This shows that despite exposure to heat stress, the cows are able to maintain their physiological balance. Cows with medium and large skeletons have a similar ability to deal with and adapt to measured heat stress.
Keyword: cows, body frame, environment conditions, physiological responses

Judul: Konstruksi Hukum Grup Kurva Eliptik Atas F3m
Abstrak: Elliptic curves upon F3m can be divided in two cases, i.e. supersingular and nonsupersingular case. Based on group laws on elliptic curves, a new arithmetic upon F3m can be formulated as an addition process of two random points on the curve. This addition process can then be applied to the ElGamal algorithm.
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