Judul: Karakterisasi Morfologi Daun dan Pengaruh Pemberian Silika pada Populasi Anggrek Phalaenopsis Hibrida
Abstrak: Phalaenopsis merupakan genus anggrek paling populer dalam industri florikultura karena mempunyai bunga besar, warna yang beragam, tahan lama serta adaptif di dalam ruangan. Pemupukan berimbang berperan dalam pertumbuhan, perkembangan, serta daya tahan tanaman. Silika berperan dalam pertumbuhan dan memperkuat jaringan tanaman sehingga lebih tahan terhadap serangan hama dan penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi silika (Si) terhadap pertumbuhan dan karakter morfologi dari dua populasi hibrida anggrek Phalaenopsis yaitu Phal. lueddemanniana × Phal. Mannii (LM) dan Phal. bellina × Phal. tetraspis (BT). Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Anggrek Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, IPB pada bulan Agustus hingga Desember 2018. Percobaan dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan faktor tunggal perlakuan silika yang diujikan terhadap dua populasi Phalaenopsis. Terdapat empat taraf perlakuan yaitu aplikasi silika konsentrasi 0, 10, 20, dan 30 ppm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat keragaman karakter daun pada masing-masing populasi. Aplikasi Si mampu mengurangi pertumbuhan kerusakan akibat hama, serangan hama berkurang pada karakter daun tipis. Aplikasi Si yang memberikan hasil serangan hama paling rendah pada populasi LM adalah 10 ppm, sedangkan pada populasi BT adalah 20 ppm.
Keyword: tebal, tipis, penyakit, persilangan, tungau

Judul: Respon Ketahanan Phalaenopsis Hibrida (Phalaenopsis bellina x Phalaenopsis tetraspis) setelah Perlakuan Silika terhadap Patogen Penyakit Busuk Lunak
Abstrak: Genus Phalaenopsis merupakan salah satu genus anggrek yang paling populer. Penyakit utama dalam budidaya anggrek ialah penyakit busuk lunak yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Dickeya dadantii. Pemberian Silika (Si) dapat memperkuat jaringan tanaman sehingga memperkuat resistensi tanaman terhadap serangan penyakit dan hama. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat pengaruh perlakuan silika terhadap respon ketahanan Phalaenopsis hibrida terhadap penyakit busuk lunak. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Green House Anggrek dan Laboratorium Biologi Molekuler Tanaman, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Institut Pertanian Bogor pada bulan September hingga Oktober 2019. Perlakuan silika yang digunakan terdiri dari empat konsentrasi (0 ppm, 10 ppm, 20 ppm, dan 30 ppm). Silika diaplikasikan setiap dua minggu sekali dalam 3 bulan. Respon tanaman terhadap inokulasi D. dadantii diuji setelah 8 bulan dari perlakuan silika terakhir. Inokulasi bakteri D. dadantii menggunakan uji detached leaf di laboratorium dengan OD (optical density) 600 ± 0.015-0.020 konsentrasi 10-2. Hasil penelitian menunjukan perlakuan silika 20 ppm mampu menurunkan keparahan penyakit (KP) pada 18 jam setelah inokulasi (JSI). Perlakuan silika 20 ppm mampu meningkatkan resistensi tanaman terhadap D. dadantii.
Keyword: bakteri, ketebalan daun, peroksidase, Phalaenopsis, rentan

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
Keyword: