Judul: Effect of Monday-Thursday Fasting on Working Memory of Adult Human
Abstrak: Human being performs complex mental processes which include memory. In daily life memory is used in a dynamic system called working memory. Working memory is a system and process that holds and manipulates information temporarily in the brain. To perform memory task, human brain needs sufficient glucose pertaining to its energy demand. Fasting is a condition when there is no glucose intake to the body temporarily. Previous study shows that fasting gave positive effect on working memory of teenagers but gave no effect on college students. Present study aims to find out whether or not fasting influence memory performance of adult human. Visual working memory of each subject was tested using Delayed Matching To Sample (DMS) task. This test was done in fasting and non-fasting condition. Data were analyzed using Linear Model implemented in stat package of R program. Result shows that fasting did not affect memory performance both in reaction time and accomplished level. The absence of any effect is due to homeostasis system in the body. Learning effect and habituation are more considered to affect working memory performance.
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Judul: Effect of Monday-Thursday Fasting on Cognitive Function of Teenager
Abstrak: Cognitive function consists many aspects, one of them is memory. Memory is a complex cognitive function that allows the recording, maintenance, and utilization of new information. Memory can be distinguished into two types: short-term memory and long-term memory. One part of short-term memory is the working memory. All the function takes place in human brain which requires large amount of energy which came from glucose degradation of daily food. A recent study shows there is no effect of fasting on cognitive function of university student, but there is no current data about teenager. So, the objective of this research is to find whether fasting influences performance on memory task of teenager. Sequential Probe Delayed Matching to Sample (SPDMS) task was selected as a memory task, which subjects was ordered to perform a test in two conditions: fasting and no fasting. Data was analyzed by ANOVA implemented in R statistical program. The result shows that fasting affected working memory task. Task performances got better under fasting condition, possibly because the effect of stress on subjects performances. There were also influences from sex difference due to male’s brain advantage in spatial skill which is necessary for SPDMS task. Learning process from previous session also gave influence, but the effect was small. It is due to the efficiency of human brain to study about new information. In conclusion, fasting was the main factor influencing working memory task, while session and sex difference gave only small.
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Judul: Kerusakan bantalan rel kereta api di wilaya inspeksi 2 jalan dan bangunan perusahaan jawatan kereta api (pjka),cirebon
Abstrak: Kereta api merupakan salah satu sarana angkutan yang murah, cepat dan aman serta dapat mengangkut barang dalam jumlah besar. Kelancaran operasi sarana angkutan tersebut banyak ditentukan oleh kondisi jalan rel, termasuk kondisi bantalannya. Dalam hal ini bantalan rel kereta api dapat dibuat dari kayu, logam, atau beton. Namun demikian kayu merupakan bahan yang paling banyak digunakan sebagai pembuat bantalan rel kereta api di berbagai negara. Kenyataan menunjukkan bahwa kayu yang digunakan sebagai bantalan rel kereta api sering mengalami berbagai macam kerusakan yang menyebabkan bantalan tidak berfungsi lagi atau menurun fungsinya. Di Indonesia, informasi mengenai jenis dan tingkat kerusakan bantalan kayu masih sangat kurang, pada- hal informasi tersebut sangat penting sebagai dasar pertimbangan dalam rangka pemeliharaan jalan kereta api, agar umur pakainya (service life) lebih lama.
Keyword: bantalan rel