Judul: Design and performance test of metal Kiln venture drum type for coconut shell carbonization
Abstrak: Indonesia, coconut shell has been utilized for many purposes such as handicraft and accessories raw materials, carbon active, and also as charcoal for cooking and heating process. Due to the huge of coconut shell waste, there are huge of waste hasn’t utilized well, especially in settlement area or in the traditional market. The aim of this research was to design a portable kiln metal and to conduct performance test of the kiln. A venturi drum type of portable kiln has been designed with capacity of 12,45 -15 kg coconut shells. The performance test shows that the carbonization process takes time about 60-90 minutes with temperature range of 441.5-989.4 oC, and average yields 14.8%. The optimum performance has been achieved in the 4th test which was producing 24% yield of 12.45 kg coconut shells with highest temperature 908.56 oC and operating time 70 minutes. To improve the kiln performance, there are some improvement should be done such as using better sealer to reduce heat loss of the system, and improvement on loading and cooling process for getting better yield and quality (water content) of the charcoal.
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Judul: Modifikasi dan Uji Kinerja Kiln Metal Tipe Drum Venturi Untuk Pengarangan Limbah Pertanian
Abstrak: Hasanah (2012) had designed a portable kiln with venture effect to improve carbonization process. The kiln was designed specifically for coconut shell carbonization. This study aimed to conduct performance test of the kiln by using palm shell and candlenut shell as material feeding. In order to get optimum performance, modification of kiln design and operation procedure has been done as well. The performance test by using coconut shell waste, the average optimum capacity of kiln reached 12.45 kg with average carbonization temperatures and time was 420 oC along 71 minutes and resulted yield of charcoal was 21%. Performance test showed that optimum kiln capacity for candlenut shell waste was 30.93 kg and palm shell was 28.03 kg. The average temperature and time range for candlenut shell waste was at 321.17 oC along 310 minutes and for palm shell waste was 240.72 °C along 280 minutes after the modification. The yield of candlenut shell charcoal and palm shell charcoal increased becoming 26.65 % and 23.21 % after the modification. The heating value of candlenut shell charcoal was 6477 calorie/gram and palm shell charcoal was 7083 calorie/gram. Drying and sorting before carbonization were recommended in order to help initial process running well.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), modification., charcoal, agricultural waste, carbonization, venture drum-type metal kiln

Judul: Theileriosis pada Sapi Akibat Infeksi Theileria Mutans
Abstrak: Theleria mutans pertama kali ditemukan oleh Theiler pada tahun 1906. Theileria mutans pernah dimasukkan dalam genus Nuttalia, Gondoria, dan Babesia, sehingga penyakit yang disebabkan oleh parasit ini mempunyai banyak nama diantaranya adalah Benign bovine theilariosis, Benign bovine gonderiosis, Tzaneen disease, marico calf disease dan Mild gall sickness (Saidu, 1982).
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