arulpm/tripletsmall huggingface dataset:
Judul: Proses Produksi dan identifikasi Limbah Industri Pengolahan Kayu Lapis serta Kemungkinan Pemanfaatannya di PT. Kampari Wood Industries Riau
Abstrak: Industri kayu lapis modern Indonesia berkembang mulai tahun 1973, kemudian pada akhir tahun 1983 mengalami perkembangan yang sangat mengesankan (Sinduredjo, 1984). Pada awal tahun 1997 saja, Indonesia telah mampu memproduksi kayu lapis sebesar 10,270 juta m' dan telah mampu mengekspor kayu lapis sebesar 9,366 juta m' atau sebesar 4 429.477 juta US $. Dari perkembangan yang pesat ini, menyebabkan kebutuhan akan bahan baku kayu lapis (kayu bulat) relati[ tinggi sementara harganya semakin mahal. Sehingga persentase biaya pengadaan bahan baku industri kayu lapis menjadi besar yaitu 52% dari biaya produksi vadabel (Fakultas Kehutanan IPB, 1987). Sementara itu, luas hutan alam yang dapat dimanfaatkan potensinya semakin had semakin menurun.
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Judul: Optimasi Produksi Kayu Lapis: Studi Kasus di PT. Kampari Wood Industries, Riau
Abstrak: Permasalahan yang dihadapi industri kayu lapis saat ini adalah ketersediaan bahan baku yang semakin terbatas, terutama kayu bulat. Oleh karena itu, efisiensi penggunaan bahan baku kayu sangat diperlukan. Salah satu tcknik yang dapat digunakan uotuk meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan kayu bulat adalah dengan menggunakan program linear. Teknik ini dapat melakukan optimasi dalarn industri kayu lapis dengan memperhatikan sumberdaya dan teknologi yang dikuasai.
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Judul: A Continuous Vaccination Strategy in the SVIR Epidemic Model
Abstrak: Vaccination is conducted to minimize the spread of a disease. The vaccination is usually done several times within a fixed time interval. In the SVIR model, it is assumed that individuals do not get immediate immunity following a vaccination program. So according to process of vaccination on SVIR model, there are two strategies, i.e. the continuous vaccination strategy (CVS) and the pulse vaccination strategy (PVS). In this study, only the CVS strategy in epidemic model SVIR is considered. Results of the study indicate that dynamics of the CVS system depends on the basic reproductive number. If the basic reproductive number is less than one, then the disease-free fixed point is asymptotically stable. It means that the disease will eventually disappear from the population. Conversely, if the basic reproductive number is greater than one, then the endemic fixed point is asymptotically stable, which means that the disease will remain exist in the population. Simulation result shows that the vaccination would minimize the spread of disease by reducing the basic reproductive number. If the time for the vaccinated recipients to obtain the immunity, as well as a possibility of vaccinated recipients to be infected are neglected, then the disease will be eradicated. This condition is called an over-evaluating effect of vaccination.
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Judul: Kajian produksi biosurfaktan dengan berbagai tingkat nasbah C dan N serta penambahan induser
Abstrak: Biosurfaktan merupakan suatu senyawa yang dihasilkan oleh mikroba dan memiliki sifat aktivitas permukaan. Sifat biosurfaktan yang penting antara lain biodegradable, tidak beracun, menyebabkan biosurfaktan banyak digunakan dalam berbagai industri. Terdapat berbagai jenis biosurfaktan, diantaranya lipopeptida yang memiliki aktivitas permukaan tinggi yang dihasilkan mikroba kelompok Bacillus sp. Biosurfaktan memiliki struktur kimiawi yang bersifat polar (hidrofilik) pada satu sisi dan bersifat tak polar (hidrofobik) pada sisi lainnya sehingga berperan ganda, selain sebagai bahan aktif permukaan, pembasahan (wetting), pembusaan, pelarutan, emulsifikasi dan deemulsifikasi, penghambatan korosi, penurunan tegangan permukaan dan tegangan antar muka serta penurunan kekentalan.
Keyword: biodegradable, lipopeptida, isolat lokal

Judul: Kinetika produksi biosurfaktan oleh Bacillus subtilis ATCC 21332 pada sistem kultivasi dua fasa
Abstrak: Biosurfaktan mernpakan senyawa yang merniliki aktivitas permukaan, bersifat biodegradable, mempunyai tipe lebih bervariasi, non toksik dan dapal diaplikasikan secara luas pada berbagai industri. Tipe biosurfaktan rnikrobial bervariasi tergantung rnikroorganisme penghasilnya. Diantara banyak biosurfaktan, lipopetida mernpakan senyawa yang penting karena merniliki aktivitas permukaan yang tinggi, rnisalnya smfaktin yaitu senyawa lipopeptida yang diproduksi oleh Bacillus subtilis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari kinetika produksi biosurfaktan pada sistem kultivasi dua fasa menggunakan Bacillus subtilis ATCC 21332. Penelitian diawali dengan penentuan waktu transfer inokulum Bacillus subtilis ATCC 21332 dari propagasi ke produksi dan penentuan perbandingan konsentrasi polimer terbaik. Se! ditumbuhkan pada labu erlemeyer 250 ml pada suhu 30°C, pH awal 7 dan kecepatan agitasi 200 rpm dalam media garam mineral. Setelah diketahui waktu transfer yang tepat yaitu nilai kekernhannya (OD), nilai ini dijadikan sebagai acuan setiap kultivasi. Penentuan konsentrasi polimer dilakukan pada suhu, pH, kecepatan agitasi dan media yang sama dengan tahapan propagasi dengan memperbandingkan tiga konsentrasi polimer dekstran: PEG yaitu (2 :10,9 )%, (5: 9,7) % dan (8,1 : 8,1) %. dst ...
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Judul: Penentuan Nilai Eigen dan Vektor Eigen dari Matriks Tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz dengan Pendekatan Polinomial Chebyshev
Abstrak: The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a matrix can be determined by finding its characteristic polynomials. The characteristic polynomials of a tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz matrix is shown to be closely connected to polynomials which satisfy the Chebyshev recurrence relationship. If the order of the matrix is odd, then the eigenvalues are found explicitly in terms of the Chebyshev zeros and the eigenvectors are found in terms of the polynomials satisfying the recurrence relationship. For even ordered matrices, the situation is more complicated. The problem in these cases is that although the Chebyshev recurrence formula is still applied, its initial values are not generating Chebyshev polynomials
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Judul: Persepsi perilaku masyarakat dalam pengelolaan ekosistem SUB Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Cikundul kasus di Desa Sukaresmi, Kecamatan Sukaresmi, Kabupaten Cianjur, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Air seperti halnya udara telah dianggap oleh manusia sebagai barang yang wajar, selalu ada dan tersedia setiap saat, oleh karenanya keadaan air tidak perlu dirisaukan. Pendapat tersebut pada waktu kini tidak selalu benar bahkan dapat menyesatkan. Pada saat terjadi kemarau panjang atau banjir manusia baru menyadari betapa pentingnya peranan air sehingga berusaha untuk mengendalikannya. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk menjamin keberlangsungan tata air ialah dengan melakukan pengelolaan ekosistem DAS secara benar.
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Judul: Persepsi dan perilaku masyarakat dalam pengelolaan ekosistem sub daerah aliran sungai(DAS) Cikundul:kasus di Desa Cikanyere, Kecamatan Sukaresmi, Kabupaten Cianjur, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mendeskripsikan persepsi dan perilaku masyarakat dalam pengelolaan ekosistem Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS). Perilaku dalam pengelolaan ekosistem DAS meliputi jenis pohon yang dipilih dan pola tanam, serta perilaku berorganisasi dalam pengelolaan ekosistem DAS. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Cikanyere, Kecamatan Sukaresmi, Kabupaten Cianjur, Jawa Barat pada bulan Mei hingga Juni 2006. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan dengan cara : (a) Pengamatan terhadap aktivitas masyarakat dan kondisi ekosistem Daerah Aliran Sungai, (b) Wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur dan wawancara bebas terhadap informan. Data lain yang dikumpulkan berupa, data sekunder yang diperlukan.
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Judul: Apatite Growth Optimation on Chicken Mucouse by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Characterization
Abstrak: Some experiment had been conducted to grow apatite from supersaturated solution of calcium phosphate ions on chicken mucouse. The calcium and phosphate ions were originated from Ca(NO3)2 and (NH4)2HPO4. Carbonate ions from (NH4)2CO3 was also used as starting solution. Experiment was carried out within about 5 hours at temperature 370 C and pH 7. Value of Ca+ : PO4 3- was 1.67, while molar ratio of CO3 2- : PO4 3- was 0.5 : 1. Molarity of molar ratio CO3 2- : PO4 3- variated approximately 0.15 : 0.30, 0.51 : 1.02, and 0.90 : 1.80. Mass of mucouse powder was constant 0.75 gram. The analysis result of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) showed that the precipitation was apatite carbonate type A and B. In these experiment it was found out that the mucouse reduce the crystallinity of apatite precipitant, and the growth of apatite crystal was optimum at solution with molar ratio CO3 2- : PO4 3- about 0.15 : 0.30.
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Judul: Studi Seroprevalensi Avian Influenza pada Unggas Peliharaan Masyarakat di Kecamatan Lore Utara Kabupaten Poso Sulawesi Tengah.
Abstrak: Avian Influenza (AI) disease has a huge impact on poultry and human health. These disease caused by influenza virus type A that belongs to family of Orthomyxoviridae. These viruses have two different levels of virulence which is LPAI and HPAI. Wild waterfowls especially Anseriformes (duck, muscovy duck and geese) are the natural reservoir for avian influenza virus and shown subclinical manifestations, which does not display any clinical symptoms. The spreading pattern of AI virus is usually influenced by seasons, where the prevalence of AI was reported to be fall in the rainy seasons. The research aims to determined the seroprevalence of AI in native bird the North Lore, Poso, Central Sulawesi. A total of 22 samples serum of chicken and 23 samples of muscovy duck taken in purposive in Wuasa, Napu and Sedoa village. Samples were tested with Haemagglutination Inhibition Test (HI Test). The results showed that the percentage of positive seroprevalence in the chicken in Napu was 57% and 33% in Sedoa village, with the GMT value of each 20.57 and 20.87, while the serum of muscovy duck from three villages showed a negative result with antigen AI virus or zero seroprevalence.
Keyword: Avian Influenza, Haemagglutination Inhibition, Poso, waterfowls

Judul: Studi Seroprevalensi Newcastle Disease pada Unggas Peliharaan Masyarakat di Kecamatan Lore Utara Kabupaten Poso.
Abstrak: This research aims to determine the seroprevalence of Newcastle Disease (ND) on native birds in North Lore Poso District. The research used serum samples from unvaccinated native birds. A total of 45 samples; 22 from domestic chicken and 23 from Muscovy ducks; were taken from Sedoa, Wuasa, and Napu village. Newcastle Disease was determined by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. The seroprevalence of ND in domestic chicken and muscovy ducks were 40.9% and 69.56%, respectively. It was equal with 9 domestic chicken and 13 muscovy ducks that were positive antibody ND. Based on the results, we can conclude that ND virus was present on those three village in North Lore. The area was determined as ND-endemic.
Keyword: ELISA, Newcastle Disease, Poso, Seroprevalence

Judul: Closed Knight’s Tour pada Papan Catur Berbentuk Persegi Panjang dengan Ukuran Maksimal 8 × 8
Abstrak: Closed Knight’s Tour merupakan langkah kuda yang mengunjungi setiap kotak pada papan catur tepat satu kali dengan langkah kuda berawal dan berakhir pada kotak yang sama. Graf yang terbentuk dari closed knight’s tour dinotasikan sebagai graf G(m,n), dengan m adalah banyaknya baris dan n adalah banyaknya kolom. Graf tersebut memuat Hamiltonian cycle. Sebuah graf terhubung G adalah graf bipartite jika dan hanya jika graf tersebut tidak memiliki cycle dengan panjang ganjil. Papan catur yang memenuhi syarat cukup untuk memiliki closed knight’s tour adalah papan catur berukuran 5 × 6, 5 × 8, 6 × 6, 6 × 7, 6 × 8, 7 × 8, dan 8 × 8.
Keyword: bipartite, closed knight’s tour, hamiltonian cycle, knight’s tour, teori graf
Judul: Sistem Pengadaan Bahan Baku Dan Optimalisasi Produksi Nata De Coco Pada PT. Menacoco Sari, Jakarta
Abstrak: Kelapa merupakan tanaman serbaguna dimana daging buah, batang pohon, kulit, akar pohon, tempumng, bagian daun, lidi dan air kelapanya pun dapat dimanfaatkan. Air kelapa dimanfaatkan menjadi jenis makanan olahan yang disebut nata de coco yang merupakan hasil fermentasi air kelapa oleh suatu bakteri yaitu Acetobacter xylinum.
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Judul: Optimalisasi Produksi Nata De Coco Mentah Pada PT Galuh Pratama Kabupaten Ciamis Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Nata de coco Is a food product yielded from natural coconut water process fermentation by entangling bacterium of acetobacter xylinum, so that form the lump bromassa cosist of cellulose owning solid form, white chromatic. At the height of society awareness for the importance of health result the nata de coco become one of health product which a lot of enthused by society. This research to analyse the optimalisation of product the raw nata de coco at PT. Galuh Pratama, Ciamis, West Java. Make up of amount of request nata de coco not yet can be served maximally by company because of resource constraint owned. Optimal planning require to be conducted by company because expense limitation, asses to sell product and also sum up product produce also have an affect on to effort conducted by company to get the maximum advantage. Method of data processing use LINDO program to know wether company have productive at optimal condition or not, comparing result of advantage actual optimally and also see the change that happened at change of availability of resource and expense to production and company acceptance.
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Judul: Pengaruh vaksinasi terhadap dinamika populasi pada model SIR (Susceptible-Infected-Recovered)
Abstrak: SIR model can be used to model the spread of diseases in a closed population based on certain assumptions. In this research, the SIR model is formulated by including the factor of vaccination. As the result, the model has been shown to have two equilibrium points, i.e. disease free and endemic equilibrium. A simulation study is carried out to illustrate the model. The results show that some equilibrium points are asymptotically stable. Moreover, a minimum level of vaccination has been defined. For the vaccination level less than the minimum level, increase in the vaccination level results in decrease of the proportion of infected individuals in the corresponding equilibrium point. On the other hand, for the vaccination level greater than the minimum level, increase in the vaccination level results in decrease the proportion of susceptible individuals in the corresponding equilibrium point. Furthermore, when vaccination level is greater than the minimum level, it is found that the time needed for the disease to extinct is shorter.
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Judul: Pengembangan Perikanan Pukat Cincin di Lampulo Kota Banda Aceh Provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam
Abstrak: Tsunami has destroyed greater number of fishery in Banda Aceh.
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Judul: Analisis pengembangan perikanan pukat cincin cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) di perairan utara Nangroe Aceh Darussalam
Abstrak: Perairan utara Nangroe Aceh Darussalam berhubungan Iangsung dengan Samudera Hindia dan Selat Malaka, merupakan perairan yang sangat potensial akan sumberdaya ikan (terutama ikan petagis besar). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan mulai bulan Maret 2001 sampai Juni 2001 di Nangroe Aceh Darussalam dengan tujuan untuk menenaikan strategi pengembangan perikanan pukat cincin berdasarkan faktor-faktor teknis yang mempengaruhi produksi perikanan pukat cincin cakalang dan kelayakan usaha perikanan pukat cincin cakalang di perairan utara Nangroe Aceh Darussalam. Penelitian ini mengkaji 47 unit dari 109 unit armada pukat cincin yang ada di perairan utara Nangroe Aceh Darussalam.
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Judul: Studying rate of absorption steam by solutions Lithium Bromide (LiBr) as absorbant in absorption refrigeration
Abstrak: Absorption is the process of absorbing a fluid by another fluid to form a fluid solution. In absorption refrigeration system, LiBr as absorbent filters on components of the absorber will absorb water vapor with lower pressure than the evaporator pressure. The rate of absorption of water vapor is a function of concentration, temperature, humidity and pressure of water vapor. The goal of this research is to see the effect of concentration, temperature and vapor pressure of water at the rate of absorption of water vapor by aqueous absorbent filters (LiBr-H2O) in relation to the cooling system, to determine the equilibrium concentration absorption solution of LiBr-H2O, and to determine the sorption isotherm model. Equilibrium concentration is a function of temperature and humidity. Ce at 40oC and RH 60% was found 37%; at 40oC and RH 70% was 34%; at 40o and RH 80% was 29%; at 45oC and RH 60% was 37.5%; at 45oC and RH 70% was 36%; and at 45oC and RH 80% was 34.5%. The calculation results of Qe using Qe sorption isotherm model on temperature 40oC and 45oC were not too different. The calculation results of the percentage errors between Qe data and model from each of the humidity, obtained the lowest percentage of errors in model Freundlich was 0.4% in RH 60% and 70%; 0.3% in RH 80%.
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Judul: Kontribusi vigor awal terhadap daya simpan benih jagung (Zea mays L.) dan kedelai (Glycine max L. Merr.)
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menentukan peranan vigor awal(Va) terhadap daya simpan benih, serta berusaha menemukan tolak ukur yang dapat menunjukan indikasi vigor awal baik yang dlpengaruhi oleh faktor "innate" atau pun "induced", dan bersama vigor benih oleh pengaruh faktor "enforcedr" (Ve) digunakan untuk menduga daya simpan benih. Juga neneliti kemungkinan masuknya uap etanol ke dalam biji, apabila benih didera dengan etanol 95 Persen dalam bentuk uap,
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Judul: Kuantifikasi metabolisme benih pada periode I, periode konservasi dan awal simpan periode II untuk deteksi vigor genetik jagung
Abstrak: Penelitian terdiri dari 3 percobaan, yaitu (1) pe- nentuan vigor awal benih (Va) yang merupakan suatu perco- baan faktorial dengan menggunakan faktor varietas dan faktor pemupukan fosfat; (2) penentuan vigor konservasi sebelum simpan (Vgs) lot-lot benih yang diperoleh dari percobaan (1); dan (3) penentuan vigor awal sebelum sim- pan (V) lot-lot benih yang digunakan pada percobaan (1) dan (2). Tujuan penelitian adalah mempelajari kemungkinan mendeteksi vigor genetik jagung melalui kuantifikasi me- tabolisme benih berdasarkan penilaian viabilitas absolut mulai dari saat matang morfologi (MM) sampai dengan awal periode simpan. dst ...
Keyword: Seed vigor;, Zea mays L.;, Storage

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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Judul: Kinerja Produksi Elver Ikan Sidat Anguilla marmorata dengan Padat Tebar 2 g/L, 3 g/L, 4 g/L pada Bobot Awal 7 g/ekor dalam Sistem Resirkulasi.
Abstrak: Eels has been known as one of aquaculture commodities with high commercial value. Both local and international demand of eel was relatively high. High market demand of eel could be anticipated wih high elver production which can be applied by increasing the number of eel’s stocking density. The purpose of this research was to analyze the effects of different stocking densities of 2 g/L, 3 g/L, 4 g/L with initial weight of 7 g/eel to the production of elver Anguilla marmorata reared in recirculating system during 40 days. Eels used in this research were at elver stage weighed 7±0.98 g/ eel and length 15±1 cm/ eel. The survival rate for all stocking density in this research was 100%. There are no significant differences found in growth rate, specific growth rate, and weight variance coefficient of all treatments with rate of 0.03-0.06 g/day, 0.38-0.70%, and 14.45-25.29% respectively. The results showed the best stocking density was 4 g/L which showed biomass growth rate and feed conversion ratio were 3.89 g/day and 1.16 respectively
Keyword: survival rate., stocking density, growth, eel

Judul: Produksi Ikan Sidat Anguilla marmorata Stadia Elver dan Anguilla bicolor bicolor Stadia Yellow Eel dengan Padat Tebar 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 g/l pada Sistem Resirkulasi
Abstrak: Anguilla spp is a highly economical value fish resource in Indonesia. Eel is a diadromous fish or fish that spawn in the sea, grow and thrive in fresh water, and return to the sea to spawn. The objective of this study was to determine the most optimum stocking density for two different species of eel A. Marmorata and species of eel A. bicolor bicolor in recirculating aquaculture system. Three stocking densities were applied in this study 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 g/l. The experiments were performed using a concrete tank of 1.7 x 1.7 x 1 m3 at volume of 1,500 liters of circulating water. The fish used was elver stage eels (1.2-1.5 g) and yellow eel stage (15-17 g). The fish were feed with paste artificial feed at a restricted feeding level. The fish survival was relatively high (elver: 69.5 to 91.28% and yellow eel: 75.68 to 92.50%). The specific growth rate was also relatively good (elver: 0.57 to 0.61% and yellow eel: 3.48 to 3.77%). Feed efficiency was low for elver size (0.86 to 3.88%) but considerably high for yellow eel stage fish (29.11 to 50.40%). The highest growth and productivity of eel culture in a recirculating aquculture system was shown at a stocking density of 1.0 kg/m3.
Keyword: recirculating., rearing density, productivity, eel

Judul: Perancangan jalur interpretasi wisata sejarah kawasan kota tua Jakarta
Abstrak: Tapak perancangan berupa jalur interpretasi yang terletak di dalam wilayah administrasi kota Jakarta Barat dan melalui Jl. Stasiun, Jl. Pintu Besar Selatan dan Utara, Jl. Kali Besar timur dan barat, Jl. Cengkeh, Jl. Pos, dan Jl. Lada. Aksesibilitas menuju tapak mudah dengan berbagai alternatif sarana transportasi. Tata guna lahan kawasan 78% terdiri dari perkantoran perdagangan.
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