Judul: Analisis keragaman genetik kura-kura air tawar (cuora amboinensis) berdasarkan haplotipe mtDNA
Abstrak: Cuora amboinensis merupakan kura-kura air tawar yang termasuk ke dalam ordo Testudines, famili Emydidae dan subfamili Batagurinae. C. amboinensis memiliki penyebaran geografis yang luas, namun tidak ada variasi subspesies yang dapat digambarkan. Selain itu keberadaan C. amboinensis saat ini [erancam punah. Oleh karena itu peflu diadakan penelitian untuk mengetahui keragaman genetik spesies inL Salah satu caranya adalah dengan menggunakan penanda molekular genom mitokondria. Keragarnan genetik mtDNA dapat diketahui melalui penggandaan in vitro sampeJ DNA secara selektif. Bagian yang digandakan bermula dari Cyt b hingga bagian tengah daerah pengendali. Prodllk yang dihasilkan dari proses penggandaan (880 pasang basa) dipotong menggllnakan lima enzim restriksi (MspI, TaqI, MboI, HaeIII dan Hhaf). Pemotongan ini menghasilkan tujuh haplotipe. Dari tujuh haplotipe diperoleh keragaman nukleotida C. amboinensis sebesar 9.6%. Hal ini berarti keragaman nllkleotida C. amboinensis (9.6%) lebih tinggi dari Dogania subplana (6.9%).
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Judul: Analisis keragaman genetik labi-labi (Amyda cartilaginea) berdasarkan genom mitokondria
Abstrak: Amyda cartilaginea belongs to the Order Testudinata, Suborder Cryptodira and Family Trionychidae. Recently, the population of A. cartilaginea has been decreasing because of human exploitation and environmental destruction. Therefore, it is important to carry on the research in genetic diversity among this spesies. The research was conducted using the mitochondrial DNA marker by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (PCR–RFLP) technique. PCR technique was conducted to observe genetic diversity of mtDNA using a pair of primer 577 and 578. The amplified region was control region which flanked tRNA Pro and tRNA Phe based on reference sequence of Dogania subplana. The amplification result ed in the product of 500 base pairs and 710 base pairs. The PCR product was then cut by restriction endonuclease, namely Hha I (GCG?C), HaeIII(GG?CC), AluI (AG?CT), MboI (?GATC) and DraI (TTT ?AAA). Twelve haplotypes was found among 39 samples.. Haplotype 2 showed wide distribution compared to other haplotypes. Nucleotide diversity among haplotypes is 5.4 %.
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Judul: Dynamic New Keynesian Model for Unemployment and Inflation Rate.
Abstrak: This paper deals with a scientific analysis of the equilibrium level of hiring, employment and unemployment. The basic model being used is a standard new Keynesian model, which states that utility function depends on consumptions and working hours. Utility maximization refers to a standard labour supply equation, with the marginal cost’s dynamics on new Keynesian model simply reflects movements in real wages and productivity. Furthermore, trade-off between output and inflation stabilization can be considered using the new Keynesian Phillips curve. Dynamic general equilibrium model is a model that can be used to study interactions between market imperfections and nominal rigidities, which is capable of overcoming the main shortcoming of the standard new Keynesian model. In the general equilibrium model there are three groups of the economy agents, namely households, firms and monetary authority. The results of this research science that bargaining processes between firms and workers will yield optimal wage. Increase in labour will cause wages to fall, but the unemployment rate can be reduced. An increase in the firm’s monopoly power will shift the labour demand curve downward, which will reduce the number of workers that firm is willing to hire for any given bargained wage.
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