Judul: Kajian Kesesuaian Produk Makanan Pendamping Air Susu Ibu (MP-ASI) terhadap Standar Nasional Indonesia dan Kontribusi terhadap Kecukupan Gizi Bayi/Anak
Abstrak: Formulated complementary foods have an important role on the nutritional status of infant/young children. Indonesia has enacted four standard (SNI) related to the formulated complementary foods which are instant powder, biscuit, ready to be consumed and ready to be prepared form. According to the Government Regulation, SNI is voluntarily implemented but it could be mandatory with respect to the consumer safety, security, health, environment and/or economic consideration. The objectives of this study were : (a) to review nutrient content declared on the label of registered complementary foods compared with the SNI, (b) to review the percentage of Recommended Daily Allowance declared on the label compared to the nutrition need of infant/young children, (c) to understand the consumer concern on the label and consumption pattern of infant/young children and (d) to review the contribution of formulated complementary foods on nutrition need of infant and young children. Data collected include references, regulations and standards related to complementary feeding, survey result, label of registered complementary foods. The study showed that the percentage of complementary foods which did not meet the level of certain nutrient required by the standard for the local instant powder, imported instant powder, biscuit and ready to be prepared form were 32 %, 87 %, 67 %, and 100 % respectively. Whereas, the percentage of complementary foods which did not meet overall nutrient requirements stated on the standard, either nutrient that should be contained therein or voluntarily added, for the local instant powder, imported instant powder, biscuit and ready to be prepared form were 68 %, 100 %, 73 %, and 100 %, respectively. Serving size of complementary foods compared to the reference amounts for the local instant powder, imported instant powder, biscuit and ready to prepared form were 100 – 333 %, 213 – 313 %, 257 – 743 % and 100 – 163 %, respectively. Survey result showed that 28 % infant and young children consumed the complementary food instant powder and the frequency of consumption was 2,7 times per day. Biscuit was consumed by 44 % infant and young children and the frequency of consumption was 1,6 times per day. Infant and young children need some nutrients such as energy, protein, fat, linoleic acid, carbohydrate, beta carotene total carotene folic acid, potassium, sodium, phosphor, magnesium, zinc, selenium and iodine from other sources to fulfill the recommended daily intake.
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Judul: Kesesuaian Minuman Khusus Ibu Hamil dan Ibu Menyusui terhadap Standar Nasional Indonesia, Angka Kecukupan Gizi dan Persepsi konsumen.
Abstrak: Considering the safety and public health concern, Government may apply this standard to be mandatory. The objectives of this study were : (a) to review nutrient content declared on the label of registered beverage products for pregnant and/or lactating women compared with national standard, (b) to review the percentage of Recommended Dietary Allowance declared on the label compared to the nutrition need of pregnant and lactating women and (c) to analyze the consumer perception, understanding of the label and consumption pattern on the beverage products for pregnant and/or lactating women. This study showed that percentage of beverage products for pregnant and lactating women which did not meet the standard were 87% and 59%, respectively. The average percentage of the RDA for all nutrients for these products were 21%. Survey showed that 43% of pregnant women and 48% of lactating women had the important perception of the exisisting these products. The pregnant women and the lactating women chose the name of the product as the first information on the label that they read and nutrient content as the first consideration when bought the products. 65% of pregnant women and 64% of lactating women consumed these product by their own initiative. 77% of pregnant women and 54% of lactating women stated that the benefit of consuming these product were to fulfill the nutrient requirement. 57% of pregnant women and lactating women consumed these product twice a day.
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Judul: Penentuan Nilai Eigen dan Vektor Eigen dari Matriks Tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz dengan Pendekatan Polinomial Chebyshev
Abstrak: The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a matrix can be determined by finding its characteristic polynomials. The characteristic polynomials of a tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz matrix is shown to be closely connected to polynomials which satisfy the Chebyshev recurrence relationship. If the order of the matrix is odd, then the eigenvalues are found explicitly in terms of the Chebyshev zeros and the eigenvectors are found in terms of the polynomials satisfying the recurrence relationship. For even ordered matrices, the situation is more complicated. The problem in these cases is that although the Chebyshev recurrence formula is still applied, its initial values are not generating Chebyshev polynomials
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