Judul: Coating Komposit Polivinil Alkohol-Timbal Pada Substrat Kaca Sebagai Pengganti Kaca Timbal Untuk Proteksi Radiasi Sinar-X.
Abstrak: Kaca timbal merupakan proteksi radiasi yang berfungsi untuk melindungi kamera dan peralatan elektronik lain dari paparan sinar-X tetapi kemampuannya untuk meneruskan cahaya masih sesuai sandar yang ditentukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan coating PVA-timbal untuk substrat kaca sebagai pengganti kaca timbal, serta mengoptimasi kemampuan transmitansi cahaya tampak dan absorbansi sinar-X terhadap konsentrasi timbal serta ketebalan coatingnya. Sampel yang disintesis divariasikan berdasarkan konsentrasi Pb asetatnya serta berdasarkan ketebalan coatingnya. Pengeksposan cahaya tampak dilakukan untuk mengetahui kemampuan transmitansi setiap sampel. Transmitansi cahaya tampak paling baik dimiliki oleh sampel dengan konsentrasi Pb asetat 2% dan ketebalan coating 0.8 mm. Pengeksposan sinar-X digunakan guna mengetahui kemampuan sampel dalam mengabsorbsi sinar-X. Kemampuan absorbsi paling baik dimiliki oleh sampel dengan konsentrasi Pb asetat 2% dan ketebalan coating 0.5 mm. Kemudian dilakukan uji FTIR untuk mengetahui keberadaan ikatan O-H, C-H, dan C=C, dan C=O. Selain itu, uji SEM juga dilakukan untuk mengetahui morfologi sampel.
Keyword: kaca timbal, PVA, Pb asetat, koefisien atenuasi, FTIR, SEM

Judul: Aplikasi Nanofiber Selulosa Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) sebagai Reinforcement Agent pada Komposit Thermoplastic Starch-Polivinil Alkohol (TPS-PVA).
Abstrak: Pati merupakan bahan baku termoplastik yang dapat terdegradasi secara alami sehingga aman bagi lingkungan. Penambahan polivinil alkohol, gliserol serta nanofiber selulosa sebagai reinforcement agent menghasilkan film komposit dengan sifat fisik dan mekanis yang baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat nanofiber selulosa dari TKKS serta mengetahui karakteristik komposit TPS-PVA yang dihasilkan. Pembuatan film komposit dilakukan dengan casting method. Film komposit yang dibuat terdiri dari larutan pati dan PVA (4:1), nanofiber selulosa TKKS (0, 1%, 3% dan 5%) dan gliserol (0 dan 25%). Karakterisasi film komposit yang dianalisa meliputi sifat fisik, kristalinitas, transmisi cahaya dan laju transmisi uap air. Nanofiber selulosa yang dihasilkan berdiameter ± 3 nm. Penambahan nanofiber selulosa meningkatkan kuat tarik dan kristalinitas film, namun menurunkan elongasi, transmisi cahaya dan laju transmisi uap air pada film. Penambahan gliserol meningkatkan elongasi, transmisi cahaya dan laju transmisi uap air pada film, namun menurunkan kuat tarik film.
Keyword: film komposit, pati termoplastik, tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS), polivinil alkohol (PVA)

Judul: Biology and ecology of the buffalo fly, haematobia exigua de meijere (diptera:muscidae)
Abstrak: The life history of the buffalo fly was observed at room temperature of 27°-29.5°C and at a relative humidity of 48-68 percent. The eggs hatched after 17-22 hours, with an average of 18 hours. First instar larvae measured 1.25 + 0.16 mm long and 0.27 + 0.037 mm wide. reach the second larval stage. It took 6-12 hours to the second instar larvae measured 2.676 +0.187 mm long and 0.353 +0.028 mm wide. The second instar took about 12-24 hours to reach the third larval stage. The third instar measured 6.833 + 0.189 mm long and 0.919 + 0.051 mm wide. It took about 2-3 days for the third instar to become pupae. Duration of the pupal stage was about 5-7 days before the adults emerged. Under laboratory condition, the buffalo fly completed its life cycle in 9.5 to 10.5 days, whereas under field condition it took 9-14 days with an average of 10.5 days. The growth ratio which was based on the measurements of the cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton of each instar was 1.797. The preoviposition period was 8-12 days and mating usually occurred on the 6th or 7th day. The longevity of the male was 29 days, whereas it was 32 days in the female. The range of egg production under laboratory condition was between 20-139 per female fly. The belly and hind legs of the carabao were the most preferred habitat either during cloudy and cool dry or shiny and warm day. When the weather was clear and the carabao was in the shade, the flies tended to be more distributed particularly on the shoulder, dewlap, back and horns. The carabaos had relatively fewer Musca sp. and Stomoxys calcitrans than cattle; never the less carabaos had a higher infestation of buffalo fly than cattle. Oviposition occured either during the day or night but the buffalo flies were more active during the night than in the day time. The effect of various lengths of exposure time of manure in relation to the oviposition was profound. observed, the maximum number of the buffalo flies was occurred when the dung was exposed for 30 minutes. With increasing time of exposure the number and variety of insects also increase. It was evident that Sepsidae and psychodidae were the most dominant insects emerging from the dung. The number of buffalo flies also increased with increasing
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