Judul: Target and Limit Reference Point Estimation of Southern Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus maccoyii) at Indonesian Fisheries Management Zone-573.
Abstrak: Tuna Sirip Biru Selatan (Southern Bluefin Tuna - SBT) merupakan ikan yang beruaya jauh (highly migratory fish) dengan satu daerah pemijahan (spawning ground) di wilayah Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif Indonesia. Nilai ekonomis sumberdaya ikan SBT yang tinggi menyebabkan tingkat eksploitasi sumberdaya ikan ini sangat tinggi. Keputusan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan Nomor 45 tahun 2011 menunjukkan bahwa saat ini status tingkat eksploitasi beberapa jenis tuna sudah sangat mengkhawatirkan, yaitu tereksploitasi penuh (fully exploited) hingga tereksploitasi berlebih (over exploited). Untuk tuna jenis SBT sendiri berada dalam kondisi yang over exploited. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi kondisi terkini pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan perikanan tuna sirip biru selatan di Indonesia, mengestimasi Target dan Limit Reference Point untuk tuna sirip biru selatan di WPP-NRI 573, dan menyusun strategi pengelolaan perikanan tuna sirip biru selatan di Indonesia sesuai hasil estimasi terhadap Target dan Limit Reference Point. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Juni sampai bulan November 2016 di Pelabuhan Benoa, Bali. Analisis data penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan Harvest Control Rules (HCR), Analisis Spasial Sederhana dan Analisis Distribusi Rantai Pasok. Secara garis besar penelitian ini menghasilkan kesimpulan (1) Kondisi terkini perikanan SBT di Pelabuhan Benoa Bali daerah fishing ground SBT sebagian berada dalam area spawning ground SBT, pemasaran SBT 18% ekspor ke Jepang, 82% pemasaran lokal. (2) Berdasarkan analisis HCR berada dalam kondisi tereksploitasi sedang (moderate exploited) dengan tingkat pemanfaatan 82,99% dari nilai MSY dan tingkat upaya penangkapan 123,72%. Pengendalian output control dapat dilakukan dengan mengendalikan hasil tangkapan SBT di Indonesia adalah dengan mempertahankan pada jumlah dibawah 750 ton per tahun atau 61% dari nilai MSY. Dan pengendalian input control, dapat dilakukan dengan mempertahankan jumlah kapal penangkap SBT dalam jumlah dibawah 411 unit kapal per tahun. (3) Strategi pengelolaan perikanan tuna sirip biru selatan di Indonesia dapat dilakukan dengan menjaga hasil tangkapan SBT dibawah kuota yang ditetapkan CCSBT dan dengan memperketat pemberian izin terhadap kapalkapal penangkapan ikan SBT..
Keyword: Pengelolaan Perikanan, Tuna Sirip Biru Selatan, Harvest Control Rules, Tambahan Kuota, Ijin Penangkapan

Judul: Southern Bluefin Tuna Fishing Quota Management in Indonesia.
Abstrak: Southern bluefin tuna (Thunnus maccoyii) is kind of big tuna that able to swim very fast and very long distance migration (highly migratory). SBT overfishing due to population decreased. If fishing uncontrollable, SBT will be destroyed, therefore it is endangered species. Commission for The Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna (CCSBT) is a Regional Fisheries Management Organization (RFMO) that focus on SBT management. Through appropriate management. CCSBT to ensure conservation and optimum exploitation of SBT. CCSBT adopt management process based on output control. CCSBT apply SBT fishing quota toward every country with Management Procedure (MP). As the member of Commission for The Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna (CCSBT), Indonesia shall follow the quota measure of SBT fishing that has determined. Therefore, good management and rules were needed for SBT exploitation in Indonesia in order to align with measures and international regulation that has agreed by Indonesia as part of CCSBT. Indonesia find difficulties to determine SBT fishing quota that due to surplus of SBT National quota. Therefore, management action based on output control through SBT fishing quota is very needed. SBT fisheries system in Indonesia could be identified through related elements with SBT fisheries system. This research will studied some issues that related to : (i) SBT resources, (ii) SBT fisheries exploitation, and (iii) SBT fisheries management. In this research, soft system methodology approach used to compose conceptual SBT quota management model in Indonesia. This research objective are : (1) to describe SBT fisheries in Indonesia, (2) to identify SBT fisheries problems in Indonesia, (3) to analyze SBT fisheries management in Indonesia, (4) to determine catch composition, productivity of tuna long line in Indonesia especially that doing SBT fishing activity, (5) to estimates fishing season, (6) to determine mean size at capture of SBT in Indonesia, and (7) to formulize conceptual fishing quota management model of SBT in Indonesia. Results of research could be concluded : 1. SBT fisheries have a unique character. Generally product of SBT in Indonesia for current 12 years (2002-2013) intend to increased. SBT that landed in Indonesia some of them fished in WPP-RI 573 (the Indian Ocean south of Java until sothern of Nusa Tenggara of south, western Sawu sea and Timor sea) that part of zone number 1 CCSBT statistical area of catch. 2. Common problem of SBT fisheries in Indonesia are : • Indonesia has a crucial area in the sustainability of SBT fisheries resources as spawning ground for SBT but SBT fisheries statistic data is not accurate; • Indonesia as a CCSBT member has not transformed to all obligation that in the CCSBT convention; • Indonesia’s SBT quota has surplus that determined by CCSBT and smaller than capability of Indonesia production. 3. In SBT fisheries management, Indonesia has made policies, such as : • National SBT quota given to two associations ATLI and ASTUIN. • Indonesia has transformed one of obligation that in the convention of CCSBT about fishing vessels registration in the national laws. • Indonesia attempt to find SBT data through Catch Documentation Scheme (CDS). 4. Southern bluefin tuna has the smallest percentage
Keyword: CCSBT, southern bluefin tuna, tuna long line, soft system methodology

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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