Judul: Peran Sektor Perkebunan Dalam Pembangunan Wilayah di Kabupaten Musi Rawas (Analisis Pendekatan Sistem Neraca Sosial Ekonomi)
Abstrak: This study is conducted to examine and determine the role and contribution of plantation sector in Musi Rawas development to analyze the level of leakage in the regional economy and the role of marketing institutions in plantation sector. In its analysis this study use Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) model. SAM analysis resulted that the average of household income in plantation sector estimated 6,72 million rupiahs per year, and plantation sector contribute greatly to regional economy in Musi Rawas regency when compare with other agricultural sector. Beside that, plantation sector has big of multiplier effect to employment, household income, GDP and economic output. The plantation sector has a Value Added Multiplier (VAM) of 1,25, and based on the estimated impact of simulated output increase on the plantation sector it was seen that the average output of the plantation sector was 1,78, which means that when injected at 1 billion rupiahs, it would create an output of 1,78 billion rupiahs, with the highest output for the commodity of community rubber. In addition, the average inequality value in the household income in the plantation sector was 3.96, which calculated from income revenue by non farm group as recipients of the highest revenue compare with earnings of agricultural laborers as low income earners, with the palm oil commodity having the smallest value of household income inequality. From the Regional GDP of 7,68 trillion rupiahs there was a regional leakage of 357,36 billion rupiahs, or approximately 4.65% of the Regional GDP derived from the labor force factor of 4,14 billion rupiahs and capital factor of 353,22 billion rupiahs. This is because of the presence of capital in Musi Rawas from outside of the region. As a result, the remuneration obtained by the production factor also flows back out of the region. To overcome the regional leakage will require a policy reform such as local regulations regarding the opening of the processing plant for value added crops, which flows out can be enjoyed by the people, beside that Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is used to education and training to increase the farmer skill and improving the quality of human resources. The institutional role of farmers is still very weak; it is mainly due to a) lack of guidance, b) ineffective application of government regulations that favor farmers, c) lack of social capital or farmer’s poor institutional aspects particularly in the form of networking, regulations and transparency. On the other hand there is a low access of farmers to markets because the market information has not been exploited optimally, the role of middlemen is still high in the marketing of rubber, and there is no auction market and poor infrastructure to support marketing support. Therefore need to increase the farmer ability such as work ethics, kowledge and skill to process rubber and palm oil
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Judul: Ekonomi dan Kelembagaan Hutan Rakyat untuk Menunjang Pasokan Bahan Baku Industri Slat Pensil
Abstrak: Private forests can cover the shortage of raw materials supply from natural forests. Timber from private forest has a lowed quality, although private forests have a great potensial to use. Usage logs from private forest has showed a positive trend during the last decade. One kind of private forest were potential to be developed is a Pulai (Alstonia sp.) private forest in Musi Rawas. It is evolved considerably because this species are endemic and the market are available. Pulai wood is the main raw material for the production of pencils. Nowdays, supply of logs Pulai had not been optimal for pencil industry during the last 5 years. The purpose of the study were to analyze the feasibility private forest of Pulai (Alstonia sp.), analyzes contributing of private forest income in total income of farmers, analyze institutional private forests and analyzes the factors that affect farmers decisions to commercialize private forest. Study was conducted in Musi Rawas District at two villages namely SP 5 Suka Makmur (monoculture private forest Scheme of Private Forest Business Credit /or KUHR) and Sumber Harta (private forest agroforestry pattern of Pulai and Rubber). This study used survey method and multistage sampling. The results showed that private forest cultivation both monoculture system and agroforestry are feasible. However, agroforestry system are more profitable. Based on the sensitivity analysis, both private forest cultivation systems are sensitive to discharge in revenue compared to if there is increase in costs. Increasing private forest land area correlates with increasing of farmer‟s income and contribution of private forest average 10.3% to total farmer‟s income. The biggest farmers household expenditure are on food needs such as from rice and non-rice. There is growing tendency of private forest land area then the bigger the household expenses. Based on the Sayogyo‟s poverty line criteria, most of farmers in the study site are include on live well category. Pulai wood are tractable, dried, preserved and has a moderate swelling and shrinkage of wood. Pulai wood has known as light wood types, so it could be minimize in cost and effort when transporting. Private forest monoculture in SP 5 Suka Makmur village use cropping systems “cemplongan”, while the private forest in Sumber Harta village using intercropping planting. Farmers made farmers' groups aims to improve the welfare, solve problems and add information. Agroforestry Farmers Group will be exist even with narrow area of the private forest and traditional cultivation system of Pulai, while monoculture Farmers Group of KUHR because it is formed by interesting project will lose its role. The partnership between PT. XIP and monoculture farmer can classified as core-plasma partnership. The farmers provide the land and industry responsibility about cost, inputs, technical guidance and improved technology. Musi Rawas community has been cultivated rubber for a long time, people prefer the rubber business as main livelihood while private forest of Pulai as a sideline which is used as a savings. If farmers have bare land, they prefer to cultivate rubber than pulai. Farmers want to join KUHR program if they have fairly extensive marginal land. Each of the stakeholders involved
Keyword: agroforestry, private forest, feasibility, monoculture, pulai

Judul: Pengujian Virus Newcastle Disease Gen VII Isolat Lapang Sebagai Virus Standar Pada Uji Tantang Vaksin
Abstrak: This study was conducted to determine the standard of Newcastle disease virus Gene VII field isolate as a virus challenge to vaccine test. A virus suspension that has previously been tested by HA test then titrated with EID50 using 30 Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) of 10 day old chicken embryonated eggs. In addition, chicken lethal dose50 (CLD50) test were used to determine the virus titer that could cause 50% death of the chicken population. The CLD50 test was used 25 day-old-chickens (DOC) divided into 5 groups. The virus was diluted from 10-1 to 10-8. The 104 to 10-8 dilution of NDV was infected to every group of chicken via eyedrop and intranasal with 0.1 ml/chicken dosage. Haemagglutination test showed that the allantoic fluid were contain high titers of NDV is 512 HAU. The infective NDV that had been titrated by EID50 test showed the virus titers is 109 EID50/0.1 ml or 1010 EID50/ml and the virus titers of CLD50 test e.i 106.48 CLD50/0.1 ml or 107.48 CLD50/ml. These results can be concluded that the NDV Gene VII field isolates were most appropriate to be used as a standard virus to vaccine test
Keyword: Newcastle Disease Virus Gene VII, HA tes, EID50 test, CLD50 test