Judul: Respon Petani Terhadap Anomali Iklim Pada Sentra Produksi Padi di Jawa Barat (Studi Khasus : Kabupaten Indramayu dan Cianjur)
Abstrak: Climate anomalies in Indonesia have been related to the El Nino and Indian Ocean Dipole phenomenon. Both phenomena can significantly lead to a decrease in rainfall resulting in the disruption of the stability of agricultural systems in Indonesia, particularly of food crops. Changes in rainfall patterns and the shifting of the onset lead to changes of the onset, thus causing difficulties to the farmers to determine the exact onset. As a result, that condition could cause yield loss. The method used in this study was in-depth interviews using questionnaires. Purposive sampling method was adopted in selecting the respondents, where the respondent is a farmer group leader who has experience of farming for more than ten years. The data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software, version 16 and Microsoft 2007. The results show that there are differences in the response of farmers to climate anomalies between Indramayu and Cianjur. Most farmers in Indramayu and Cianjur use the river-pump as an alternative water source during the dry season and droughts. Most farmer in Cianjur prefer to continue their farming and searching water during droughts caused by climate anomalies. While farmers in Indramayu prefer to delay planting date for two to four weeks during droughts. farmers in Indramayu assume that climate information is related to agricultural cultivation. While farmers in Cianjur assume that climate information is not related to agricultural cultivation.
Keyword: 

Judul: Identifikasi Fenomena ENSO (El Nino-Southern Oscillation) DAN IOD (Indian Ocean Dipole) terhadap Dinamika Waktu Tanam Padi di Daerah Jawa Barat (Studi Kasus Kabupaten Indramayu dan Cianjur)
Abstrak: Adjusting agricultural activities to the climate characteristics d IOD using satellite images. The relation of rainfall and regional climate were analyzed by correlation at each rainfall station. Satellite images analysis was done for monitoring, and last the onset delineation related to ENSO and IOD were done to determine which regions that more sensitive to thwas one of an alternative way to minimize climate risk in agriculture. Indonesian climate was affected by ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation). In El Nino year, the dry season would be earlier and longer than Normal year. Research objectives were to: (1) Analyze the effect of ENSO and IOD to the West Java rainfall, (2) Analyze the sensitivity and dynamical period of rice planting based on planting calendar; (3) Identify planting period and planting area that were influenced by ENSO ane climate anomaly. Result showed that, Indramayu was more vulnerable to regional climate anomaly than Cianjur especially by ENSO. In Indramayu, the IOD and ENSO anomaly affected in JJA and SON period where the correlations between ENSO and rainfall stations values in JJA was 46,00 % and became greater in SON. Most area in Indramayu were moderately affected by ENSO at the values of 61,30 % in JJA and strongly affected in SON at the values of 49,28 % and moderately affected by IOD at the values of 58,73 %. Contrary, in Cianjur was more affected by IOD. IOD effects occurred in JJA and SON, with the area that was influenced by IOD were 57,26 % and 58,91 % respectively. These indicated that there were shifting period of rice planting in Indramayu and Cianjur for 40 – 60 days and 10-20 days from onset respectively. Based on image monitoring in 1997 as the ENSO and IOD year, it was known that in 1997, 2.26 % of rice planting area were failed to be harvested . In 2001 there was decrement of 45,14 % of rice planting area for the period of July – September which indicated that there were harvested area in Indramayu. While in Cianjur there wasn’t any harvested area in June and July1997, and in 2001 there were harvested about 41,85 % in June - August. This result was appropriate with NDVI values that also indicated the decrement of harvested area in ENSO and IOD years.
Keyword: 

Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
Keyword: