Judul: Studi Waktu dan Optimasi Tata Laksana Kerja Pemanenan Kelapa Sawit di Perkebunan Waru Kaltim Plantation (WKP), Kalimantan Timur
Abstrak: Harvesting is the most important and burdensome work in the oil-palm plantation and production process. The optimization of the labor productivity is required to hire people as needed in order to efficiently labor productivity and minimize the cost of harvesting. The purpose of this study is to determine the standard time, comparing the standard harvesting time with other study location, determine the potential crop capacity, and determine the governance ideal harvesting work. Standard time for moving without 'angkong' (wheelbarrow) and moving with 'angkong' almost the same with a very small margin of 0.06 seconds. Potential harvesting capacities 'dodos' (shovel like cutting tool) was larger than the capacity of potential harvest 'egrek' (sickle like cutting tool). Results of the time analysis and working procedure optimization analysis shows that most efficient optimization in saving time harvesting is the fourth optimization where using the tool tomasun to eliminate the remaining stalk, integrating elements of work that may be done simultaneously, and eliminate avoidable delay. The harvesting work element that needs maximum period of a work element is picking up the scattering loose fruits 'brondolan'.
Keyword: harvest, capacity, optimization, palm oil

Judul: Studi Waktu dan Aplikasinya untuk Optimasi Tata Laksana Kerja Pemanenan Kelapa Sawit di Perkebunan Pasang kayu, Sulawesi Barat.
Abstrak: Working time of palm oil harvesting vary greatly in settlement, which will affect harvest quality and productivity of work. The purpose of this study wasto determine the standard time, the capacity of harvesting based on the standard time and to determine of harvesting working procedure based on sequential optimization elements of harvesting work. Results of the study showed that the harvesting time was influenced by the working conditions, such as tree height and land topography. Therefore, its necessary for time adjustment to working conditions. Work elements that require adjustment to the working conditions were the time element of Ve, Pr, Cu and Br. Time of harvesting on flat land was relatively shorter than the time of harvesting on rolling land. Meanwhile, the tree height affect the length of harvesting time. A better working procedure for harvesting oil palm way obtained by conducting empty displacement activities and identify ripe fruit simultaneously, and adapting cutting technology of rod cluster
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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