arulpm/tripletsmall huggingface dataset:
Judul: Identifikasi varietas Durio Zibethinus berdasarkan sebaran trikoma daun menggunakan glcm dan pnn
Abstrak: Varietas durian yang terdapat di Indonesia memiliki banyak kemiripan. Hal tersebut menyebabkan sebagian orang sulit untuk membedakan varietas durian yang satu dengan yang lainnya. Varietas-varietas durian dapat dibedakan dengan melakukan ekstraksi fitur pada daun durian. Daun merupakan bagian tanaman yang memiliki karakteristik tertentu sehingga memudahkan proses identifikasi jenis tanaman. Salah satu karakteristik yang menjadi penciri pada daun ialah adanya sebaran trikoma. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode GLCM untuk mengekstraksi sebaran trikoma dan PNN untuk proses klasifikasi. Percobaan dilakukan berdasarkan orientasi sudut GLCM 0°, 45°, 90°, dan 135°. Setiap percobaan diuji pada nilai smoothing parameter (σ) PNN 0.1 sampai 0.9. Identifikasi dilakukan terhadap 100 citra daun berukuran 280 x 280 piksel yang berasal dari 10 varietas durian. Percobaan ini menghasilkan akurasi rata-rata tertinggi sebesar 71%.
Keyword: GLCM, texture extraction, trichomes

Judul: Identifikasi Varietas Durian Berdasarkan Tekstur Daun dengan Metode Ekstraksi GLCM Menggunakan PNN
Abstrak: The diversity and similarity of durian varieties have caused some difficulties to identify durian. In this research, the identification is performed by durian leaf texture extraction. The leaf is selected because it is a characteristic that can be used to differ the type of plant. Identification is performed by texture extraction to anticipate the difficulty of morphology based identification, since durian varieties have similar leaves shape. In this research, identification based on leaf texture is performed using GLCM and PNN. This experiment is based on 0o, 45o, 90o, and 135o GLCM angle orientation. Each angles are tested at 1 pixels, 2 pixels, and 3 pixels distances. They are also tested for PNN smoothing parameter (σ) ranges from 0.1 to 9. Identification is performed using 90 images from 9 varieties of durian and the dimension of image is 281 x 281 pixel. The highest accuracy achieved is 76.67% in 0o angle experiment with 1 pixels distance and 0.1 smoothing parameter (σ).
Keyword: Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN)., leaf texture, Gray Level Co-occurence Matrix (GLCM), Durian identification

Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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Judul: Sensitivitas Skala Data terhadap Pengujian Nilai Tengah
Abstrak: In many surveys, researchers have often to deal with qualitative or categorical measurements. Sometimes, even continuous objects or characteristics have to be measured by using a discrete scale. It may be caused by the inability of researchers to perform measurements or scoring of an object precisely using continuous scale. This will reduce the degree of accuracy of the actual conditions of the measurement results. Therefore, it can imply bias in the results of statistical tests performed. This research is intended to measure the bias of T-test on categorical data based on various sample sizes and data distributions. Moreover, this research aims to determine the optimal combination between the number of categories and the number of sample size to produce a certain bias. This study focuses on the statistical test to compare the characteristics between two groups or populations. The bias is measured as a margin of error of the confidence interval. Preliminary data are generated by a computer program and then they are split into two to fifteen categories on the same interval. The results of the study are as follows. For normally and Poisson distributed data, increasing number of categories or sample size will imply decreasing average margin of error. An explicit bias function according to sample size and category has been proposed. Categorization of data can increase the bias in the confidence interval, but fortunately the bias doesn’t change the conclusion of the -test.
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Judul: Perbandingan Uji Reliabilitas Cronbach Alpha untuk Data Berskala Rasio dan Ordinal
Abstrak: A reliability test is often performed on survey data. The goal is to determine the data characteristics both in terms of consistency and accuracy. The reliability test has a condition that to be satisfied, i.e., the data must be continuous (ratio), while the data obtained from a survey is commonly an ordinal type. This paper aims to measure the magnitude of the bias related to reliability test and the patterns of alleged bias related to the number of categories and the number of data samples surveyed. It was shown in this work, as the number of categorized ordinal data and the number of sample data increase, the amount of bias decreases. It was also shown that by assigning 6 categories ordinal data scales and the number of data sample was 400, the level of bias would be not more than 5%.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), reliability test., ratio scale, ordinal scale

Judul: . Perkembangan dan Pertumbuhan Karang Jenis Lobophyllia hemprichii Yang Ditransplantasikan Di Pulau Pramuka, Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta
Abstrak: Teknologi transplantasi karang (Coral transplantation) adalah salah satu alternatif upaya untuk pemulihan terumbu karang melalui pencangkokan atau pemotongan karang hidup untuk di tanam di tempat lain atau di tempat yang karangnya telah mengalami kerusakan, bertujuan untuk pemulihan atau pembentukan terumbu karang alami. teknologi ini mulai banyak diaplikasikan di perairan Pulau Pramuka, Kepulauan Seribu.
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Judul: Perbandingan Model Logistik Ordinal dengan Model Regresi Klasik
Abstrak: Pemodelan statistika pada peubah respons berskala kontinyu akan cukup tepat bila didekati dengan regresi klasik dengan asumsi-asumsi kenormalan, independensi dan kehomogenan ragam. Namun seringkali fenomena alam menghasilkan respons berstruktur ordinal, dimana penggunaan regresi klasik menjadi kurang tepat. Untuk mengatasi keterbatasan ini telah dikembangkan model-model logit untuk skala ordinal. Dalam penelitian ini ingin dibandingkan kekuatan uji dari model logistik ordinal dengan model regresi klasik yang diilustrasikan dengan data prestasi akademik mahasiswa TPB-IPB '97 dan dilengkapi dengan simulasi. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa model logistik ordinal memiliki kuasa uji yang hampir sama dengan regresi klasik, sehingga model logistik ordinal dapat dijadikan sebagai pilihan yang tepat bagi para peneliti yang sering berhubungan dengan respons ordinal.
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Judul: Model Regresi Logistik Untuk Analisis Data Biner
Abstrak: Metode regresi merupakan salah satu metode yang sering digunakan di dalam analisis data pengamatan, Dengan tujuan untuk melihat paJa hubungan antara suatu peubah respolls dengan satu at3u lebih peubah penjelas. Data yang digunakan pada model regresi dapat berupa data kontinu atau data diskret. Bila peubah respolls berskala kontinu dan menyebar normal maka disebut dengan model regresi normal atau klasik. Sedangkan bila peubah respons berskala biner model regresinya disebut model regresi logistik.
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Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4
Judul: in vitro callus and shoot induction of “mahkota dewa” by manipulation of plant growth regulators and explant
Abstrak: The objective of this research was to study the effects of auxin and cytokinin in in vitro callus and shoot induction of “mahkota dewa” (Phaleria macrocarpa). Three experiments used Complete Randomized Design for shoot induction (experiment I) and callus induction (experiment II and III). Shoot induction experiment consisted of 16 combinations of BA (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mg/l) and NAA (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg/l) using MS basal medium and seed as explant. The callus induction experiment consisted of MS basal medium with nine combinations of 2,4-D (2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mg/l) and BA (0.0, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/l) and six combinations of NAA (20.0 and 40.0 mg/l) and BA (0.0, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/l). Experiment II and III using leaf and seed as explants in separated experiment. within MS medium. The result of experiment I showed that shoots can be produced in MS basal medium with combinations BA and NAA. The best combination of auxin and cytokinin for shoot induction was BA 2.5 mg/l. For callus induction using leaf explants was 2,4-D 2.5 mg/l + BA 0.5 mg/l and 20.0 mg/l NAA without BA, and for seed explants was 2,4 -D 10.0 mg/l + BA 5.0 mg/l and NAA 20.0 mg/l + BA 0.5 mg/l but it is not significantly with NAA 20.0 mg/l + BA 1.0 mg/l.
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Judul: Induksi Proliferasi Tunas Adventif Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) Secara In Vitro Melalui Penambahan Zat Pengatur Tumbuh 2.4-D Dan BAP
Abstrak: This research aimed to study the response of plant growth hormones 2.4-D and BAP to stimulate shoot proliferation initiation from three type of explants (meristem, meristem with cotyledon, and cotyledon) of kenaf. The research performed at Tissue Culture Research Laboratory, Agronomy and Horticulture Department, Agriculture Faculty, Bogor Agriculture University, from February to November 2010. Adventitious shoot formation on MS media supplemented with combinations of 2,4-D (0.0, 0.5, 1.0 mg/l) and BAP (0.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, 10.0 mg/l). Callus began to appear in 2 weeks for all treatments on meristem and meristem with cotyledon. Results of this research showed that the medium composition without the 2.4-D + BAP had the highest number of adventitious shoots from meristem with cotyledon explants. Adventitious shoots formed after 11 weeks in culture without callus formation. The highest number of adventitious shoots resulted from the medium composition without 2.4-D +10.0 mg/l BAP. The medium composition without the 2.4-D +4.0 mg / l BAP resulted the highest number of roots from cotyledon explants. The roots of kenaf formed after 3 weeks which is marked by the emergence of roots from callus that formed on cotyledon explants.
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Judul: Trichomonas Gallinae Penyebab Trichomonosis Pada Unggas
Abstrak: Trichomonas gallinae adalah protozoa yang bergerak aktof dengan keempat flagella yang mempunyai layar dan pada salah satu sisinya terdapat membran seperti sirip ikan yang berombak. Spesies dari genus Trichomonas ini mempunyai arti penting pada unggas, karena dapat menyebabkan infeksi pada alat pencernaan bagian atas.
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Judul: Penggunaan abu janjang kelapa sawit sebagai pengganti pupuk kalium dan dolomit pada pembibitan kelapa sawit (Elaeis guinensis Jacq.)
Abstrak: Pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit yang sempurna merupakan faktor utama dalam memperoleh tanaman yang memerlukan pemupukan dalam berproduksi tinggi. Bibit yang tumbuh sempurna kan pemeliharaan yang baik. Untuk itu jumlah yang cukup dan seimbang memegang peranan penting.
Keyword: Organic manures, kelapa sawit

Judul: Perbandingan efektivitas pupuk majemuk lambat tersedia dan pupuk konvensional pada pembibitan kelapa sawit [Elaeis guineensis Jacq.]
Abstrak: Tanaman kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) saat ini mempakan jenis tanaman perkebunan yang penting di sektor pertanian umumnya dan di sektor perkebunan khusunya. Hal ini karena kelapa sawit merupakan penghasil minyak dm lemak tertinggi diantara tanaman penghasil minyak atau lemak yang lain. Minyak kelapa sawit mempakan sumber energi terbarukan yang sangat penting di masa depan. Masalah yang dihadapi oleh pengusaha perkebunan kelapa sawit adalah tentang pengadaan bibit yang herkualitas. Kualitas bibit sangat menentukan produksi akhir dari komoditas ini. Untuk mendapatkan bibit yang berkualitas perlu tindakan pemupukan pada waktu di pembibitan. Pemupukan merupakan salah satu pemeliharaan tanaman yang harus dipertimbangkan baik dalam ha1 biaya maupun efektivitasnya. Pengembangan pupuk majemuk slow release akhirakhir ini banyak dilakukan dalam usaha untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas pup& dengan tujuan untuk mengurangi kehilangan hara melalui pencucian, penguapan dan pengikatan menjadi senyawa tidak tersedia bagi tanaman. Penelitian ini hertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan pupuk majemuk (parmafert) dari berbagai dosis yang dicobakan untuk pertumbuhan dan serapan hara bibit kelapa sawit.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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Judul: Analisis Teknis Jaring Apung di Danau Lido, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Kegiatan usaha perikanan darat dilakukan melalui kegiatail penangkapan di perairan umum dan kegiatan budidaya. Beberapa jenis kegiatan budidaya air tawar adalah budidaya ikan pada kolam air tenang, kolam air deras, keramba, dan jaring apung. Budidaya ikan dalam jaring apung semakin diminati karena kemudahan dalam pemeliharaan ikan, pemanenan, pengontrolan, selain itu investasi yang relatif terjangkau. Konstruksi jaring apung menggunakan besi dan bambu sebagai kerangka, drum sebagai pelampung, dan untuk pemberat digunakan batu, beton atau jangkar besi. Ketepatan penggunaan pemberat dan pelampung sangat mempengaruhi keseimbangan pada konstruksi keramba. Untuk itu diperlukan penghitungan teknis mengenai konstruksi keramba.
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Judul: Analisis kelayakan usahatani pembesaran dan pemasaran ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio) budidaya keramba jaring apung (Kasus di Kecamatan Mande, Kabupaten Cianjur, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Usaha perikanan dengan budidaya kolam jaring apung adalah usaha yang memanfaatkan perairan waduk sebagai media untuk melakukan budidaya pembesaran ikan. Pada mulanya, usaha ini diterapkan dengan tujuan meningkatkan kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat di sekitar waduk. Namun perkembangan selanjutnya usaha ini telah menunjukkan perkembangan yang pesat. Budidaya jaring apung ini banyak dilakukan di waduk Cirata, waduk Saguling,dan waduk Jatiluhur. Budidaya ikan dalam keramba jaring apung dapat diadopsi dengan baik oleh sekitar waduk sehingga dapat mendatangkan keuntungan bagi penduduk tersebut.
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Judul: Karakteristik Carboxymethyl Chitosan Dengan Variasi Konsentrasi NaOH
Abstrak: Carboxymethyl chitosan is chitosan derivative product obtained from chemical modification. CMCh were made by alkalization process and carboxymethylation process. Factors that affect CMCh characteristics were excess sodium hydroxide in alkalization process, ratio between chitosan and monochloroacetic acid, and carboxymethylation temperature. The objectives of this research were to study the NaOH effect to CMCh characteristics, to learn process of making CMCh, to set the proper concentration of NaOH, and to analyze CMCh characteristics. CMCh yields were 110.72%-114.22%. CMCh pH value were 3.74-4.31. The optimum NaOH concentration to obtain the best CHCh was 10 M. Percentage of CMCh moisture content was 10.70%-11.42%. Ash content and nitrogen content of CMCh were 0.49%-0.50% and 4.52%-4.81%. CMCh viscousity was 8.25 cps. Percentage of CMCh solubility was 61.61%-91.50%. The different functional groups from chitosan which observed in CMCh were C=O group, CH group from alkene functional group, C−O group, and C−O−C group.
Keyword: solubility., functional group, CMCh characteristics, chitosan, carboxymethyl chitosan
Judul: Pengaruh Pemadatan Suhu Tinggi Terhadap Sifat Fisis dan Mekanis Kayu Dadap (Erytltrina variegata)
Abstrak: Kebutuhan manusia akan kayu semakin meningkat semng dengan bertambahnya penduduk. Kayu memiliki banyak kelebihan sehingga perannya hampir tak bisa tergantikan oleh bahan lain. Selain memiliki sifat dan eorak yang bervariasi, kayu relatif mudah dikerjakan sehingga dapat digunakan pada berbagai kepentingan seperti bahan baku lantai, interior, moulding, hand tools,furniture (Inoue, 1996) dan kontruksi struktural (Tomme et al., 1998).
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Judul: Pengaruh Pengawetan terhadap Sifat Mekanis Tiga Jenis Kayu
Abstrak: Penggunaan kayu sebagai bahan bangunan pada saat ini dan masa yang akan datang diperkirakan akan terus meningkat. Hal ini perlu diimbangi dengan umur pakai (life service) kayu yang memadai karena fakta yang ada mengungkapkan bahwa hanya 15-20 persen jenis-jenis kayu Indonesia yang memiliki keawetan tinggi (Kelas Awet I dan II) (Oey Djoen Seng, 1964). Selain itu mengingat pasokan kayu di pasaran cenderung semakin berkurang akhir-akhir ini karena semakin terbatasnya jumlah dan kualitas kayu komersial, diperkirakan pasokan kayu di masa yang akan datang akan beralih dari jenis komersial ke jenis non komersial atau jenis kayu tak dikenal (lesser known species) baik dari hutan alam maupun hutan rakyat (Rudi, 2002). Jenis-jenis kayu tersebut cenderung memiliki keawetan alami yang rendah. Salah satu usaha untuk meningkatkan umur pakai kayu adalah melalui proses pengawetan kayu (Oey Djoen Seng, 1964). Sayangnya, beberapa hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa proses pengawetan berpengaruh negatif terhadap kekuatan kayu. Oleh karena itu, seberapa jauh pengaruh pengawetan kayu terhadap kekuatan khususnya pada kayu-kayu yang tergolong lesser known species perlu diteliti agar penggunaannya sebagai bahan bangunan tetap maksimal.
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Judul: Pengujian Virus Newcastle Disease Gen VII Isolat Lapang Sebagai Virus Standar Pada Uji Tantang Vaksin
Abstrak: This study was conducted to determine the standard of Newcastle disease virus Gene VII field isolate as a virus challenge to vaccine test. A virus suspension that has previously been tested by HA test then titrated with EID50 using 30 Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) of 10 day old chicken embryonated eggs. In addition, chicken lethal dose50 (CLD50) test were used to determine the virus titer that could cause 50% death of the chicken population. The CLD50 test was used 25 day-old-chickens (DOC) divided into 5 groups. The virus was diluted from 10-1 to 10-8. The 104 to 10-8 dilution of NDV was infected to every group of chicken via eyedrop and intranasal with 0.1 ml/chicken dosage. Haemagglutination test showed that the allantoic fluid were contain high titers of NDV is 512 HAU. The infective NDV that had been titrated by EID50 test showed the virus titers is 109 EID50/0.1 ml or 1010 EID50/ml and the virus titers of CLD50 test e.i 106.48 CLD50/0.1 ml or 107.48 CLD50/ml. These results can be concluded that the NDV Gene VII field isolates were most appropriate to be used as a standard virus to vaccine test
Keyword: Newcastle Disease Virus Gene VII, HA tes, EID50 test, CLD50 test