Judul: Pengaruh Penambahan Bahan pemucat terhadap Karakteristik Magnetic Filter Sludge Oil Hasil Cold Stripping
Abstrak: Rolling Oil mempakan pelumas yang digunakan pada proses penipisan pelat baja (Cold Stripping). Penggunaan Rolling Oil secara berulang menyebabkan minyak mengalanii kerusakan yang akan menumnkan kinerja pelumasan. Roiling Oil setelah digunakan didaur ulang kembali pada unit Roll Coolant Plant dengan proses separasi. Pada proses tersebut, dipisahkan antara fasa minyak, air, dan sludge.
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Judul: Mempelajari pengaruh bahan pemucat terhadap karakteristik sludge oil hasil cold stripping
Abstrak: Rolling Oil merupakan pelumas yang digunakan pada proses penipisan pelat baja (Cold Stripping). Penggunaan Rolling Oil secara berulang menyebabkan minyak mengalami kerusakan yang akan menurunkan kinerja pelumasan. Rolling Oil setelah digunakan didaur ulang kembali pada unit Roll Coolant Plant dengan proses separasi. Sludge yang dihasilkan dari proses separasi masih mengandung minyak. Penelitian ini bertujuan memisahkan fasa minyak dari fasa padatan (sludge) dan air, dan memucatkan sludge oil tersebut dengan bahan pemucat dalam rangka mendapatkan karakteristik sludge oil yang mendekati karakteristik rolling oil segar. (Pure Oil). Rancangan Percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial dengan dua kali ulangan. Jenis minyak dikelompokkan menjadi dua (B), yaitu pengambilan sludge pada tanggal 22 Juni 1995 (tahap awal periode) sebagai kelompok I (B1), dan pengambilan tanggal 27 Juni 1995 (tahap akhir periode) sebagai kelompok II (B2). Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua perlakuan, yaitu konsentrasi Asam Oksalat dengan taraf 0%, 0.25%, 0.50%, dan 0.75%, dan konsentrasi Bentonit dengan taraf 0%, 0.5%, 1.5% dan 2.5% Analisis terhadap Sludge Oil meliputi Bilangan Asam, Bilangan Penyabunan, Bilangan Iod, Bilangan Peroksida, Fraksi Tak Tersabunkan, Bobot Jenis, Viskositas, Kejernihan, Kadar Abu, Rendemen, Analisis Unsur Mineral dan Analisis dengan Kromatografi Gas....
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Judul: Studies on growth spurt and aging in higher primates
Abstrak: single measurement that best defines the health and nutritional status of children, just as it provides an indirect measurement of the quality of life of an entire population. The pattern of human growth reflects the biocultural evolution of our species. The human pattern of growth and development (ontogeny) appears to differ markedly from patterns of ontogeny in other primate species. Three studies are reported here which deal to the growth and development of human and chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). These three studies allow us to contrast the phenomena of adolescence growth spurt and female elderly bone loss in chimpanzee and human as chimpanzee is the closest species to humans within extant nonhuman primates. In the first, a cross-sectional study of growth of the body size and somatotype of 363 Javanese girls and 299 Javanese boys aged 4 to 20 years from Magelang Regency, Indonesia was described. In the second, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in the growth of chimpanzee second metacarpal bone linear dimensions from individuals aged 0 to 43.6 years were used for comparison. While in the third, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in the growth of chimpanzee body size (body mass and anterior trunk length) and second metacarpal bone mineral content were derived. In measuring the second metacarpal dimensions and mineral content, a total of 568 radiographs of chimpanzee's proximodistal left hands were used. They were taken from 68 females and 49 males aged 0 to 43.62 years old. We applied an image analysis system, Scion Image Release Alpha 4.0.3.2 software for Windows to measure bone linear dimensions and bone mineral content. Humans present complex and sinuous growth curves for both body weight and height. A clear growth spurt could be demonstrated by cross-sectional analysis in our girl subjects at around aged 11.5 years and in our boy subjects at around aged 12.5 years. In longitudinal series, not in cross-sectional, several representative chimpanzees of both sexes showed a pre-adult growth spurt on the body sizes, bone dimensions and bone mineral content. They ranged at age 4.5 to 8.5 years. This underscore the fact that adolescent growth spurt in linear dimension was not a universal feature of anthropoid primate ontogeny. Bone loss is a well established characteristic of human female aging. Based on crosssectional analyses the sequential decline of bone mass in female chimpanzee may be said to be genuine. On the other hand, we found in adulthood through elderly, male chimpanzees show a longer plateau than female chimpanzee, that is, bone mineral content is maintained in male.
Keyword: Javanese children, growth spurt, chimpanzee, second metacarpal bone, bone loss, Higher Primates