Judul: Empowerment to Woman Headed Household through Developing of Social Networking (Case in Micro Company in Desa Sekarwangi Kecamatan Katapang Kabupaten Bandung Propinsi Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: Social empowerment particularly aimed to woman, who also manage micro company, is inevitably a part of social development. The powerless PKRT (Woman Headed Household) is marked by their incapability in gaining opportunity and authority in order to make decision on available resources which existed surrounding such as financial resources, skill education, credit, use of employment and formal institution within society. The objectives of this study are as follows knowing the characteristic of PKRT, evaluating social development program, analyzing gender from PKRT micro company program and effective empowering program. This study uses qualitative approach to analyze the problem comprehensively. Issues on injustice gender caused by subordination of peoples in Desa Sekarwangi that PKRT is solely additional income for family and it is done for the sake of husband assistance. These factors affect to the minimum control and access upon the resources. The government has launched several programs for example urban poor eradicating program (P2KP) and effort in improving family income – Welfare and Empowerment to the Family (UP2K-PKK). These program in fact are less helpful. In addition, P2KP was given to those peoples who not only have close relationship with the official but also micro companies of their own. Furthermore, UP2K-PKK is given only to a single people and it has not been circulated to the rest of peoples. The limitation in term of access and amount of finance led them to dealt with the loan giver. In line with the solution, program of empowering PKRT in Desa Sekarwangi are developing social networking in two aspect; opening access and strengthening their position through grouping, making the finance insurance and involving stakeholders to achieve gender’s equality and justice.
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Judul: Pemberdayaan Pengusaha Mikro Konveksi di Kelurahan Purwoharjo Kecamatan Comal Kabupaten Pemalang
Abstrak: Small industry have been playing the important role in national economics. In the economics crisis , micro and small enterprises have proven that its could more survive compared to a big and middle enterprises. Its could become the way of equitability of people prosperity through creating employment and investment Problems faced by all micro entrepreneur of convection are capital problem, access to the raw material, access of the technology, networking, marketing and human resources. The other problem is how to compile design of strategy and program the micro enterprises of convection development participatively. This research objectives are identify the micro enterprises of convection problems in the case of capital, access to the raw material, access the technology, networking, marketing and human resources. Compiling strategy design and program of the micro enterpreneurs of convection development participatively. The Community Development Research executed in three phase, there are social mapping, evaluate the program and community development research with the focus of study is designing the strategy and program of the micro entrepreneur of convection empowerment in improving his powered. Research method used is qualitative method. Technique of qualitative data collecting used are observation, in depth interview and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Problems identified with the descriptive analysis and determined by a priority problem, strategy device is analyzed with the SWOT analysis, program compilation executed with the micro entrepreneurs of convection community in FGD forum by using descriptive analysis. Result of the research indicate that the micro entrepreneurs of convection empowerment program conducted for to overcome the problems faced by all of micro entrepreneurs through business environmental analysis ( internal and external). The Empowerment Program conducted by (1) Revitalization of KPPJ, (2) Partnership with the clothes merchant, and (3) Participative Training
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Judul: Mud Crab’s (Scylla serrata Forskal 1775) Response to Different Decaying Level of Gold Snail (Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck 1822) Bait.
Abstrak: Mud crab is well known as omnivorous-vigorous-voracious-opportunistic-scavenger. These intertidal animals applies mainly chemoreception in their predatory behaviour. It has been commonly assumed that non fresh gold snail bait is better than fresh bait in stimulating the mud crab. This research's aim is to analyze mud crab response to different decaying level of gold snail bait. Their response were observed as time required to touch the bait and pattern and direction of the mud crab in approaching the baits. The different decaying level of gold snail baits were shown on Total Volatile Base Nitrogen (TVBN) as 16.3 mg/100g (0 day); 534.1 mg/100g (3 days); and 887.4 mg/100g (6 days). The research was conducted from July 2009 until February 2011. The TVBN test for gold snail baits were conducted at Laboratory of BBPPHP Jakarta. The experiment was conducted in Pemalang. The result showed that the average period of mud crabs to touch the baits were 52.14 minutes; 61.57 minutes and 52.57 minutes. Anova test concluded no sufficient evidence of significant effect of TVBN content of gold snail bait on mud crab’s feeding behaviour. Movement pattern B, i.e. left and right deviation followed by straight forward movement to the bait, was commonly exhibited by the crabs. Consequences of time period required by the mud crab to approach the bait on fishing operation is discussed.
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