Judul: PLAG1 Gene Polymorphism of SNP c.795A>G in Bali, PO, and Madura Cattle Using PCR-RFLP
Abstrak: Gen PLAG1 merupakan salah satu gen pengontrol pertumbuhan dan ukuran tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keragaman gen PLAG1 dengan metode PCR-RFLP. Sampel DNA sapi yang digunakan sebanyak 90 sampel yang terdiri dari 30 ekor sapi bali, 30 ekor sapi PO kebumen, dan 30 ekor sapi madura. Analisis keragaman gen PLAG1 menggunakan metode Polymerase Chain ReactionRestriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) dengan enzim restriksi Sac1. Program Popgen32 digunakan untuk menganalisis frekuensi genotipe, frekuensi alel, nilai heterosigositas, dan keseimbangan Hardy-Weinberg. Amplifikasi fragmen gen PLAG1 pada exon 2 region 1 menghasilkan panjang produk PCR sebesar 776 bp dan 2 alel (A dan G) pada sapi bali dan madura, serta 1 alel (A) pada sapi PO. Genotipe yang dihasilkan adalah AA (562 bp dan 182 bp), AG (562 bp, 182 bp, dan 104 bp), dan GG (562 bp dan 104 bp). Frekuensi alel tertinggi sapi PO dan madura pada alel A dan sapi bali pada alel G. Hasil analisis keragaman menunjukan bahwa gen PLAG1 pada populasi sapi bali dan madura bersifat polimorfik (beragam) dan pada populasi sapi PO bersifat monomorfik., The PLAG1 gene is one of the genes that control growth and body size. This study aimed to analyze the polymorphism of the PLAG1 gene using PCR-RFLP. The total sample used was 90 samples consisting of 30 bali cattle, 30 PO cattle, and 30 madura cattle breeds. Analysis of PLAG1 gene polymorphism was carried out using PCR-RFLP and Sac1 restriction enzyme. Popgen32 was used to analyze the genotype and allele frequencies, heterozygosity, and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. PLAG1 gene amplification resulted from 776 bp fragments and 2 alleles (A and G) in bali and madura cattle, and only 1 allele (A) in PO cattle. The PLAG1 gene consisted of three genotypes i.e. AA (562 bp and 182 bp), AG (562 bp, 182 bp, and 104 bp), and GG (562 bp and 104 bp). The highest allele frequency of the A allele was found in PO and madura cattle and the G allele in bali cattle. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the PLAG1 gene in bali and madura cattle were polymorphic but monomorphic in PO cattle.
Keyword: Gen PLAG1, PCR-RFLP, polimorfisme

Judul: Keragaman SNP c.957 A>C Gen PLAG1 (Pleomorphic Adenoma Gene 1) pada Sapi Bali Menggunakan Metode PCR-RFLP.
Abstrak: Gen Pleomorphic Adenoma Gene 1 (PLAG1) merupakan salah satu gen pengontrol pertumbuhan dan ukuran tubuh sapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis keragaman gen PLAG1 sebagai kandidat gen pengontrol pertumbuhan di posisi SNP c.957 A>C pada sapi bali dengan metode Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR RFLP). Digunakan sebanyak 30 sampel sapi bali Village Breeding Center (VBC) Nusa Penida, Provinsi Bali dan 30 sampel sapi bali Village Breeding Center (VBC) Kabupaten Barru, Sulawesi Selatan. Keragaman SNP c.957 A>C gen PLAG1 dilakukan dengan teknik PCR-RFLP. Genotipe yang ditemukan polimorfik yaitu genotipe homozigot (AA dan CC) dan genotipe heterozigot (AC) dari gen PLAG1 dengan frekuensi alel A dan alel C masing-masing nilai 0.1 dan 0.9 pada sapi bali Nusa Penida serta nilai 0.08 dan 0.92 pada sapi bali Kabupaten Barru. Frekuensi alel di kedua lokasi tidak berada dalam keseimbangan Hardy-Weinberg dengan nilai keragaman yang rendah., The Pleomorphic Adenoma Gene 1 (PLAG1) is a gene that controls cattle growth and body size. This study aimed to identify and analyze the polymorphism of the SNP c.957 A>C PLAG1 gene in Bali cattle using the Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. As much as 30 samples of Bali cattle from Village Breeding Center (VBC) Nusa Penida, Province of Bali, and 30 samples of Bali cattle from Village Breeding Center (VBC) Kabupaten Barru, Sulawesi Selatan were used in this study. Polymorphism of the SNP c.957 A>C PLAG1 gene was done by PCR-RFLP technic. The genotypes of the PLAG1 gene were found to be polymorphic with homozygous genotypes (AA and CC) and heterozygous genotypes (AC). A and C allele frequencies were 0.1 and 0.9 for Bali cattle Nusa Penida, while 0.08 and 0.92 for Bali cattle Kabupaten Barru. Allele frequencies in two locations are not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with a low diversity rate.
Keyword: bali cattle, PLAG1 gene, SNP, PCR-RFLP

Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4