Judul: Adsorpsi biru metilena pada kaolin dan nanokomposit kaolin/TiO2 serta uji sifat fotokatalisis
Abstrak: Kaolin is rarely used as an adsorbent due to its small adsorption capacity. Therefore, kaolin was modified into a nanocomposite by physically mixing TiO2 powder with binder. Diffractometer X-ray characterization of Bangka Belitung kaolin (BNK) was done for comparison with Japan Clay Science Society (JCSS). The investigation showed the Bangka Belitung kaolin to have the same peaks as JCSS (2θ=12,36 and 24,88). Both kaolin and nanocomposite were tested for adsorption with methylene blue solution at concentrations of 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, and 300 mg/L. Maximum adsorption capacity in both kaolins occurred at a concentration of 150 mg/L with a capacity of adsorption by Bangka Belitung kaolin of 28,93 mg/g, while that of the JCSS was lower (24,27 mg/g). The maximum concentration decreased for the nanocomposites as compared to the kaolin to 100 mg/L with the adsorption capacity for the BNK/TiO2 nanocomposite at 12,65 mg/g and JCSS/TiO2 nanocomposite at 8,58 mg/g. The photocatalytic properties of the nanocomposite was then tested using ultraviolet light (UV) at a wavelength of 254 nm. The test results with UV light showed that the nanocomposite could degrade methylene blue 12,5 mg/L, as indicated by the colorless filtrate and pale precipitate when compared with controls in the dark treatment. This result showed that nanocomposite can be used for adsorption-photodegradation of methylene blue.
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Judul: Adsorpsi biru metilena pada metakaolin dan nanokomposit metakaolin-TiO2 serta uji fotokatalisis
Abstrak: One method used for handling organic dyes in wastewater is adsorption-photodegradation. This method is based on adsorption of the organic compound by the surface of a solid material that subsequently degrades the organic compound. Clay materials such as kaolin are commonly used as the adsorbent. High temperature heating of kaolin damages its structure and forms amorphous metakaolin. However, metakaolin is rarely used as adsorbent due to its low adsorption capacity. Therefore, modification was done on metakaolin to obtain a nanocomposite by physically mixing metakaolin with TiO2 anatase. In this study metakaolin was formed from Bangka Belitung kaolin by calcinations at temperatures of 550 and 700 ˚C for 3 and 6 hours for a total of four treatments. The study showed that the adsorption capacity decreased with increasing calcination temperature. Metakaolin calcined at 550 ˚C for 3 hours was used to create metakaolin-TiO2 nanocomposite using TB3 as binder with a metakaolin:binder:TiO2 mixing ratio of 6:3:1. The adsorption capacity of the nanocomposite was slightly lower than that of the metakaolin at 13.26 and 14.76 mg/g, respectively. This nanocomposite successfully photodegraded the methylene blue compound.
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Judul: Prolapsus vagina kronis, kausa dan teknik reposisinya
Abstrak: Prolapsus vagina kronis merupakan penyembulan bagian belakang hewan, khususnya lantai vagina melalui vulva, diikuti dengan perpindahan serviks dan uterus ke belakang. Pada sapi kejadian prolapsus vagina sering pada masa 2-3 bulan akhir kebuntingan, sedangkan pada domba dan hewan sejenisnya terjadi beberapa minggu sebelum melahirkan. Kasus prolapsus vagina kadang-kadang dapat terjadi setelah melahirkan, dan jarang terjadi tanpa ada hubungannya dengan kebuntingan atau kelahiran. Penyebab prolapsus vagina kronis belum dapat dipastikan, beberapa faktor umumnya ambil bagian. Faktor uta- ma adalah tingginya kadar hormon estrogen pada akhir kebuntingan. Faktor mekanis dengan meningkatnya tekanan intra abdominal dan gaya berat dari fetus dalam kandungan. Beberapa faktor predisposisi yang dapat menunjang terjadinya prolapsus vagina adalah: perlukaan saluran kelahiran, kelahiran yang rapat, makanan yang kurang baik, terbatasnya pergerakan, faktor lingkungan dan hereditas. Prolapsus vagina kronis umumnya hampir terjadi pada semua hewan piara, lebih sering pada sapi dan domba. Pada sapi sering terjadi pada sapi potong jenis Hereford ...
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