Judul: Bakteri dan cacing parasitik pada insang dan saluran pencernaan ikan patin (Pangasius sp.)
Abstrak: The present study was conducted to isolte, culture and identificatify of bacteria and parasitic worm from gills and digestive tract of catfish. A group of 10 of catfish were used, each gills and digestive tract was collected. The parasitic worms were colored with Semichon’s Acetocarmine for permanent staining. Differentiations and characterizations of variants isolate were based on biochemical reactions and Gram staining technique. Parasitic worms that can be identified from gills were Dactylogyrus sp. and Pseudodactylogyrus sp. The laboratory result shows that the gills and digestive tract of catfish were predominantly contaminated with Aeromonas sp. and Staphylococcus epidermidis, followed by Streptococcus sp., Edwardsiella tarda, Escherichia coli, Basillus sp. dan Vibrio cholerae.
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Judul: Identifikasi Bakteri dan Cacing Parasitik pada Insang dan Saluran Pencernaan Ikan Nila Hitam (Oreochromis niloticus)
Abstrak: The objectives of this research were to identify parasitic worms and bacteria in gills and digestive tract of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). A group of 10 fishes of nile tilapia were used, each gills and digestive tract was collected. The parasitic worms were colored with KOH and clove oil for semi-permanent staining, and Semichon’s Acetocarmine for permanent staining. The isolated bacteria were identified using Gram staining, Triple Sugar Iron Agar, citrate agar, urea agar, indole, and cabohydrate fermentations. The result showed that there were three kind of parasitic worms in gills of nile tilapia, Dactylogyridae, Dactylogyrus sp., and Pseudodactylogyrus sp. The total amount of Dactylogyridae is 8 worms, Dactylogyrus sp. is 72 worms, and Pseudodactylogyrus is 24 worms. The bacteria were identified and the result showed that Aeromonas sp., Bacillus sp., Escherichia coli, Edwardsiella tarda, Klbesiella pneumoniae, Pasteurella sp., Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus were come from gills. Aeromonas sp., Bacillus sp., Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aerus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus sp., and Vibrio parahaemolyticus were come from digestive tract. The relation between the parasitic worms and the bacteria did not significanty obvious. The parasitic worms might predispose the secondary infection caused by bacteria or might be the opposite.
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Judul: Real Option Valuation Using Binomial Decision Trees.
Abstrak: A firm that decides to invest has a choice to invest in real assets. A method which is usually used in valuation of the project is discounted cash flow (DCF) method. But, this method can’t be used in projects that account for value of managerial flexibility, such as decision to suspend operations temporarily. Therefore, this kind of project needs to be assessed using real option. Real option valuation can be done in some ways, including the use of path-dependent simulation, as well as closed-form models like Black-Scholes model, partial differential equation, and binomial or multinomial approaches. In this paper, real option valuation using binomial decisions id discussed. Determination of the project value can be done in three steps. First, calculate the expected present value of the project. Next, calculate volatility of the project using Monte Carlo simulation. Last, construct a binomial tree to model the dynamics of the project value using the parameters of the stochastic process, and then add some decision nodes to model the project’s real options.
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