Judul: The Effectiveness Extract Combination Skunk Vine (Paederia foetida L.) and Gum Arabic as an Antidiarrheal in Mice (Mus musculus)
Abstrak: Daun sembukan telah lama digunakan oleh masyarakat untuk pengobatan secara tradisional, namun penelitian tentang khasiatnya sebagai antidiare masih sangat sedikit. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui aktivitas antidiare kombinasi ekstrak daun sembukan dan gum arab dengan metode proteksi intestinal dan transit intestinal, serta menentukan takaran dosis yang efektif pada mencit. Penelitian ini menggunakan 30 ekor mencit yang dibagi menjadi enam kelompok. Perlakuan kelompok terbagi menjadi kontrol negatif (1% Tween-80), kontrol positif (Loperamide HCl), dan empat perlakuan kombinasi ekstrak daun sembukan dan gum arab (12,5%, 25%, 50%, dan 100%) yang diberikan secara oral. Parameter yang diamati yaitu frekuensi defekasi, konsistensi feses, dan rasio lintasan marker usus. Disimpulkan bahwa dari kedua metode, potensi antidiare terbaik ditemukan pada konsentrasi 12,5%., Skunk vine have long been used by the community for traditional medicine, but research on its efficacy as an antidiarrheal is still very little. The purpose of this study was to determine the antidiarrheal activity of the combination of skunk vine extract and gum arabic with intestinal protection and intestinal transit methods, and to determine the effective dose in mice. This study used 30 mice which were divided into six groups. The treatment group was divided into negative control (1% Tween-80), positive control (Loperamide HCl), and four combination treatments of skunk vine extract and arabic gum (12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100%) given orally. The parameters observed were the frequency of defecation, stool consistency, and the ratio of intestinal marker trajectories. It was conclude that of the two methods, the best antidiarrheal potency was found in 12.5% treatment.
Keyword: antidiare, daun sembukan, gum arab, proteksi intestinal, transit intestinal

Judul: Effectiveness of Combination Arabic  Gum and Keji Beling Leaf Infusion as Antidiarrheal in Mice
Abstrak: Gum arab dan daun keji beling merupakan dua herbal yang telah banyak dimanfaatkan dalam pengobatan tradisional dan diketahui memiliki kandungan fitonutrien yang berpotensi sebagai antidiare. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektivitas kombinasi infusa gum arab dan daun keji beling (Strobilanthes crispa Bl.) sebagai antidiare, menentukan konsentrasi yang paling efektif dalam memberikan efek antidiare, serta menguji aktivitas antidiarenya pada mencit. Pengujian efektivitas antidiare dilakukan dengan metode proteksi intestinal dan transit intestinal untuk mengetahui kemampuan sediaan dalam menghambat frekuensi defekasi, memperbaiki konsistensi feses, dan mengurangi motilitas usus. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kombinasi infusa gum arab dan infusa daun keji beling dengan konsentrasi 50% efektif dalam menghambat diare pada mencit. Namun, konsentrasi 100%, 25%, dan 12,5% tidak menunjukkan adanya efek antidiare. Aktivitas antidiare kombinasi infusa gum arab dan daun keji beling ditunjukan oleh penurunan frekuensi defekasi, perbaikan konsistensi feses, dan penghambatan motilitas usus., Arabic gum and keji beling leaves are two herbs widely used in traditional medicine and are known to contain phytonutrients that have the potential as an antidiarrheal. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a combination of gum arabic and keji beling (Strobilanthes crispa Bl.) leaf infusion as an antidiarrheal, to find the most effective concentration for giving antidiarrheal effects and to test its antidiarrheal activity on mice. The effectiveness of the antidiarrheal was evaluated using the intestinal protection and intestinal transit methods to determine the preparation's capacity to reduce defecation frequency, improve stool consistency, and reduce intestinal motility. Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that a mixture of 50% gum arabic infusion and keji beling leaf infusion could effectively prevent diarrhea in mice. However, 100%, 25%, and 12.5% concentrations had no such effect. The antidiarrheal activity of the combination of gum arabic and keji beling leaf infusion was indicated by a decrease in the frequency of defecation, improvement in stool consistency, and inhibition of intestinal motility.
Keyword: antidiarrheal, arabic gum, keji beling

Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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