Judul: Evaluasi Aktivitas Antidiare Isolat Lactobacillus dari Air Susu Ibu
Abstrak: Sebagian besar isolat Lactobacillus yang berasal dari air susu ibu (ASI) diketahui memiliki sifat antimikroba termasuk terhadap E. coli. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian sebelumnya, isolat-isolat tersebut mampu bertahan dalam lingkungan asam dan garam empedu sehingga menjadi kandidat probiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui aktivitas antimikroba isolat Lactobacillus asal ASI terhadap isolat E. coli patogenik (EPEC K1.1) dan mengetahui efektivitas isolat Lactobacillus asal ASI untuk mencegah kejadian diare pada tikus percobaan serta untuk menentukan tiga isolat Lactobacillus asal ASI yang dapat mencegah diare pada tikus percobaan.
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Judul: Potensi bakteri asam laktat probiotik indigenus sebagai antidiare dan imunomodulator pada tikus percobaan
Abstrak: Diare akut merupakan penyebab utama kematian bayi di negara-negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. Beberapa bakteri patogen penyebab diare yaitu Escherichia coli, Shigella sp., Salmonella sp., dan Helicobacter pylori (Lestari, 2009). WHO menyatakan ada sekitar 4 milyar kasus diare infeksi setiap tahun dengan tingkat mortalitas 3-4 juta per tahun (Zein et. al., 2004). Arief (2008) telah berhasil mengisolasi 10 BAL indigenus dari daging sapi yang berasal dari beberapa pasar tradisional di daerah Bogor. Ke-10 BAL tersebut memiliki karakteristik sebagai bakteri probiotik dan menghasilkan senyawa antimikroba yang menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri enteropatogenik seperti Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Staphylococcus aureus, dan Salmonella typhimurium. Secara in vitro, ke-10 BAL tersebut diuji aktivitas antimikrobanya terhadap Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC). Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi diketahui bahwa Lactobacillus plantarum 2C12 dan Lactobacillus fermentum 2B4 memiliki penghambatan terbaik terhadap EPEC (Arief, 2008). Berdasarkan beberapa fakta tersebut, dalam penelitian ini akan diteliti lebih lanjut mengenai potensi BAL, terutama L. plantarum 2C12 dan L. fermentum 2B4, sebagai antidiare dan imunomodulator. Penelitian ini dilakunan secara in vivo menggunakan tikus percobaan.
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Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell