Judul: Drought Stress Effect on Red Chili Pepper Growth and Development
Abstrak: Cekaman kering dapat menyebabkan berbagai macam perbedaan morfologi dan fisiologi meskipun tanaman berasal dari spesies dan varietas yang sama. Perbedaan ini disebabkan oleh mekanisme tanaman dalam beradaptasi dan bertahan hidup di lingkungan kering. Respon yang paling umum terjadi adalah penurunan laju pertumbuhan termasuk perubahan pada daun, yang menyebabkan penurunan angka produksi. Studi tentang pengaruh cekaman kering sering dilakukan saat atau setelah periode produksi untuk menentukan pengaruh cekaman pada produksi. Namun, penelitian ini berfokus pada pengaruh cekaman kering terhadap respon pertumbuhan pada vase vegetatif tanaman. Tanaman yang digunakan adalah empat varietas cabai merah yang terdiri atas dua varietas hibrida dan dua varietas bersari bebas (OPV). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi pengaruh cekaman kering pada varietas cabai merah yang berbeda selama masa vegetatifnya. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dan rancangan kelompok acak lengkap (RKAL). Cabai merah hibrida, Gada dan Panex, serta cabai merah OPV, Anies dan Seloka, ditanam dengan perlakuan penyiraman konstan dan perlakuan kering. Pengamatan pertumbuhan dilakukan dalam dua tahap percobaan yang terpisah. Pengamatan percobaan tahap 1 dilakukan pada usia 3 minggu setelah tanam (MST) hingga 7 MST. Selanjutnya, pengamatan percobaan tahap 2 dilakukan pada usia 3–11 MST. Tidak ada perbedaan nyata pada aspek pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang diamati antar interaksi perlakuan dan varietas secara statistik, namun ditemukan peringkat rataan yang konstan terhadap variabel pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, jumlah buku, lingkar batang, jumlah cabang, panjang akar, bobot basah akar, bobot basah total, bobot kering total, jumlah bunga, jumlah buah, bobot basah buah, dan bobot kering buah. Perbedaan nyata secara statistik ditemukan masing-masing pada faktor varietas dan perlakuan cekaman kering. Pengelompokan berdasarkan ukuran polybag (20x20 cm dan 40x40 cm) tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap variabel yang diamati. Varietas Panex (hibrida) dan Seloka (OPV) menunjukkan peringkat rataan respon pertumbuhan tertinggi pada cekaman kering. Sementara itu, varietas Anies menunjukkan peringkat rataan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan terendah pada kondisi lingkungan tercekam kering., Drought stress can bring various morphological and physiological differences despite being in the same species and variety. These differences are caused by plant mechanism to adapt and survive in dry environment. The most common response is the decrease of growth rate including changes of leaves, which ultimately reduce the number of production. Studies on drought stress effects are often done during or after the production period to confirm its effect on production. However, this research focused on drought stress effects on plant growth response during its vegetative phase. The plants used are four varieties of red chili pepper, consist of two varieties of hybrid varieties and two varieties of open pollinated varieties (OPV). The purpose of this study is to identify drought stress effects on different varieties of red chili peppers during its vegetative phase. The experimental design used was randomized complete design and randomized complete complete block design. Hybrid chili peppers, Gada and Panex, and OPV chili peppers, Anies and Seloka, were planted with constant watering and drought treatment. Growth observations were conducted in two independent batches. The first batch were observed from age 3 weeks after planting until 7 weeks after planting. After that, the second batch was observed from age 3
Keyword: Anies IPB, Capsicum annuum L., Gada F1, Panex 100 F1, Seloka IPB

Judul: Morphological and Productivity Analysis of the Second Generation of Curly Chili Mutants (Capsicum annuum L.) Resulting from Gamma-Ray Irradiation
Abstrak: Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) merupakan komoditas hortikultura yang banyak dibudidayakan untuk keperluan industri makanan maupun kesehatan. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi produktivitas cabai adalah kondisi iklim. Pemuliaan tanaman cabai dilakukan guna mendapatkan varietas yang tahan terhadap cekaman lingkungan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan cabai di masyarakat. Salah satu upaya untuk merakit varietas cabai unggul dapat melalui iradiasi sinar gama. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Oktober 2023-April 2024 di kebun Percobaan PKHT IPB Pasir Kuda. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) 3 ulangan dengan faktor tunggal yaitu genotipe. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produktivitas genotipe uji HTCkr-1, HTCkr-11, dan HTCkr 2 memiliki potensi produktivitas yang tinggi meskipun tidak memiliki perbedaan signifikan terhadap varietas pembanding. Hasil produksi belum mencapai produktivitas nasional akibat faktor cekaman lingkungan yang cukup ekstrem. Pengamatan karakter kualitatif tidak menunjukkan variasi fenotipe pada seluruh genotipe uji. Analisis korelasi menunjukkan produktivitas cabai keriting memiliki hubungan positif yang sangat nyata terhadap karakter umur berbunga, umur panen, tinggi tanaman, tinggi dikotomus, diameter batang, lebar tajuk, diameter buah, bobot per buah, jumlah biji per buah, jumlah buah per tanaman, bobot buah per tanaman, dan bobot buah per petak., Chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a horticultural commodity widely cultivated for the food and health industries. One factor affecting chili productivity is climate conditions. Chili plant breeding is conducted to develop varieties that are resistant to environmental stress to meet the community's chili needs. One approach to developing superior chili varieties is through gamma-ray irradiation. The research was carried out from October 2023 to April 2024 at the PKHT IPB Pasir Kuda Experimental Field. The study used a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications and a single factor, namely genotype. The results showed that the productivity of the tested genotypes HTCkr-1, HTCkr-11, and HTCkr-2 had high productivity potential, although there were no significant differences compared to the control variety. The production results of this research had not reached national productivity levels due to the quite extreme environmental stress factors. Observations of qualitative characteristics did not show phenotypic variation in all tested genotypes. Correlation analysis showed that the productivity of curly chili had a highly significant positive relationship with the traits of flowering age, harvest age, plant height, dichotomous height, stem diameter, canopy width, fruit diameter, fruit weight per fruit, number of seeds per fruit, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight per plant, and fruit weight per plot.
Keyword: correlation, Genotype, character

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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