Judul: Flume Tank Sebagai Sarana Penelitian Tingkah Laku Ikan
Abstrak: Flume tank adalah sebuah alat penelitian yang dibuat untuk mempermudah pengamatan tingkah laku ikan dengan menggunakan instrumentasi yang sederhana. Diharapkan alat ini nantinya akan sangat bermanfaat bagi kegiatan penelitian laboratorium khususnya observasi tingkah laku renang ikan. konstruksi flume tank ini berbentuk melingkar tanpa sudut siku, karena dapat mengurangi turbulensi yang terjadi ketika arus air mulai digerakkan. Dilengkapi dengan penghomogen arus yang dapat meratakan sebaran kecepatan arus yang berputar sehingga kecepatan arus pada setiap bagian merata, terutama di titik pengamatan. Flume tank dilengkapi dengan dua kamera yang dapat merekam dari dua arah yang berbeda yaitu vertikal dan horizontal. Dari dua kamera tersebut nantinya dihasilkan data pengamatan yang akan dianalisis menggunakan software atau program-program pengolahan dan pengeditan film. Data tersebut dapat dianalisis dengan membaca tiap frame yang dihasilkan pada masing-masing software, biasanya dalam 1 detik akan menghasilkan 25 frame. Flume tank ini telah diuji coba untuk mengamati pola dan kecepatan renang ikan bawal. Hasil yang diperoleh dari pengujian tersebut disimpulkan bahwa pola renang ikan bawal dengan tipe body and or caudal fin locomotion undulatory dengan tipe subcarangiform. Sedangkan untuk kecepatan renang ikan bawal telah diperoleh hubungan antara frekeunsi kibasan untuk kecepatan renangnya. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan frekuensi kibasan ekor berpengaruh terhadap kecepatan renang yaitu semakin besar frekuensi kibasan ekor maka kecepatan renang yang dihasilkan akan semakin besar pula.
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Judul: Design and construction of mini flume tank for fish swimming behaviour experiment
Abstrak: This research is carried out to design and construct mini flume tank that is reliable and ideal used for fish swimming behavior experiment through a series testing the flume tank for its technical performance. The mini flume tank has a maximum water velocity 85 cm/s (1.7 knots), with dimensions of 250 x 135 x 55 cm, and water capacity 155 litres. Based on the operation test, field observation on the tanks was clearly visible due to minimal air bubbles in the water flow. The observations for fish swimming behaviour experiment could be conducted from the two view fields (top and side) that allow observation of swimming endurance and fish tail flick easily. The water velocity visually was in laminar category at each level of the tested flow speeds. The rpm of motor was relatively stable for more than 200 minutes. The motor temperature was below 60 oC at frequency of 10 to 40 Hz. At frequency of 50 Hz the temperature reached 60 °C in 25 minutes and stable at 73oC after an hour. Water temperature changes during the test for more than 200 minutes at different speeds which have differences of 0.2 to 1.8 oC. The test result showed that the mini flume tank performance was reliable and ideal used for fish swimming behavior experiment.
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Judul: Gene Editing  of Two Cyanide Synthesis-related Genes in Cassava using CRISPR/Cas9
Abstrak: Cassava (Manihot esculenta) contain toxic quantities of cyanogenic glucoside. Reducing the potentially toxic cyanogenic glucoside levels in cassava could be achieved by gene editing through Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats – CRISPR associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9), a high- precision genome editing technique in plants. Two cassava UDP- glucosyltransferase (UGT) paralogs, UGT85K4 and UGT85K5, are the genes catalyzing the synthesis of cyanogenic glucosides in plants. The study aimed to construct the CRISPR/Cas9 recombinant vector carrying single guide RNA (sgRNA) to edit UGT85K4 and UGT85K5 genes, and transform sgRNA CRISPR/Cas9 construct into KU50 cassava calli. Five sgRNAs were designed, considering the on/off target efficiency score and GC content. Those sgRNAs were ligated into pRGEB32 plasmid and introduced to competent Escherichia coli DH5a. The PCR colony and DNA sequencing were performed to verify the sgRNA insert. The amplicons showed the expected band size of recombinant vector (180 bp). Based on sequencing results, only one sgRNA was successfully ligated into the plasmid that will be used to edit the UGT85K5 gene. The sgRNA CRISPR/Cas9 construct in pRGEB32 plasmid was successfully transformed into Agrobacterium tumefaciens and introduced into KU50 cassava calli through co-cultivation. The overgrowth of Agrobacterium occurred after the co-cultivation phase.
Keyword: CRISPR/Cas9, Cyanogenic glucoside, Gene editing, sgRNA