Judul: Pengaruh Silase Jeroan lkan Patin dengan Kadar yang Berbeda dalam Pakan terhadap Pertumbuhan lkan Mas Cyprinus carpio
Abstrak: Salah satu alternatif sumber protein hewani yang murah sebagai pengganti tepung ikan adalah limbah ikan. Hampir 50% tubuh ikan tidak dimanfaatkan pada saat pengolahan. Sebagai gambaran adalah pada usaha fillet ikan patin di Jurusan Budidaya Perairan. Rata-rata jeroan ikan patin yang tidak dimanfaatkan sebanyak 150 kg/hari (15% bobot tubuh ikan patin). Pengolahan dengan cara silase merupakan salah satu upaya pemanfaatan limbah jeroan ikan patin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh silase jeroan ikan patin sebagai pengganti tepung ikan dalam pakan dengan kadar yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan ikan mas Cyprinus carpio.
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Judul: Pengaruh Kadar Silase Jeroan Ikan Patin yang Berbeda dalam Pakan terhadap Pertumbuhan Ikan Patin (Pangasius hypopthalmus) Ukuran Sejari.
Abstrak: Sumber utama protein yang umum digunakan dalam pembuatan pakan ikan adalah tepong ikan. Hingga saat ini sebagian besar kebutuhan akan tepung ikan dipenuhi melalui impor. Turunnya hasil tangkapan dunia menyebabkan produksi tepung ikan dunia juga mengalami penurunan. Di sisi lain permintaan terhadap tepung ikan semakin meningkat sejalan dengan bertambahnya kegiatan budidaya ikan. Hal ini menyebabkan barga tepung ikan semakin mahal. Salah satu cara untuk menanggulangi masalah tersebut adalah mensubstitusikan atau menggantikan tepung ikan sebagai sumber protein dengan bahan sumber protein lain yang harganya relatif murah. Limbah hasil perikanan adalah salah sam alternatif sumber protein hewani yang dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti tepung ikan, dimana limbah ini dapat diperoleh dalam jumlah yang relalif banyak terutama pada saat pengolahan. Limbah ikan disilase terlebih dahulu untuk menanggulangi pembusukan secaran dini akibat tingginya aktivitas mikroorganisme dalam jeroan ikan patin, untuk kemudian dijadikan sebagai bahan penyusun pakan pengganti tepuong ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari kadar silase jeroan ikan patin yang optimum dalam pakan ikan patin (Pangas;us hypop/ha/mus) ukuran sejari.
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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