Judul: Sistem Pemantauan  Tinggi Muka Air Pada Lahan Dengan Sistem Irigasi Dan Drainase Bawah Permukaan Berbasis Sensor Ultrasonik LoRa
Abstrak: Ketersediaan air irigasi yang terbatas masih menjadi suatu masalah dalam bidang pertanian yang dapat menyebabkan terganggunya pertumbuhan tanaman. Salah satu sistem yang efektif dan efisien dalam mengelola air irigasi adalah dengan mengendalikan tinggi muka air pada lahan sawah sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Tinggi muka air pada sistem irigasi dan drainase bawah permukaan tidak dapat diamati secara langsung karena berada di bawah permukaan tanah, sehingga diperlukan sistem pemantauan untuk mengatasi hal tersebut. Sensor ultrasonik LoRa dipilih karena berbagai kemudahannya dibanding dengan pengukuran secara langsung. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui jeda waktu air irigasi dan menentukan sebaran tinggi muka air pada lahan, serta mengetahui kinerja sensor yang digunakan. Metode yang digunakan ialah pemantauan menggunakan sensor ultrasonik dan kontroler, serta pemantauan secara manual. Jeda waktu yang diperlukan air irigasi dari inlet sampai ke tengah lahan adala 191 menit. Kinerja sensor yang digunakan cukup baik dan dapat digunakan untuk mengukur tinggi muka air. Sebaran tinggi muka air pada lahan sawah berbeda pada setiap titiknya dan terus berubah seiring berjalannya waktu, tergantung dari jumlah air yang masuk dan keluar dari lahan., The limited availability of irrigation water is still a problem in agriculture that can cause disruption of plant growth. One of the effective and efficient systems in managing irrigation water is by controlling the water level in rice fields according to needs. Water levels in irrigation and subsurface drainage systems cannot be observed directly because they are below ground level, so a monitoring system is needed to overcome this. The LoRa ultrasonic sensor was chosen because of its various conveniences compared to direct measurement. This study aims to determine the time lag of irrigation water and determine the distribution of water levels on the land, as well as determine the performance of the sensors used. The methods used are monitoring using ultrasonic sensors and controllers, and manual monitoring. The time lag required for irrigation water from the inlet to the center of the field is 191 minutes. The performance of the sensor used is quite good and can be used to measure the water level. The distribution of water level in rice fields is different at each point and continues to change over time, depending on the amount of water entering and leaving the field.
Keyword: LoRa, monitoring, subsurface irrigation, ultrasonic sensor, water level

Judul: Soil Temperature and Moisture Monitoring System Using LoRa Communication: Case Study on the Impact of Plastic Mulching
Abstrak: Budidaya pertanian memerlukan pemantauan intensif dari penanaman hingga panen. Dalam penelitian ini, sistem monitoring suhu dan kelembaban tanah menggunakan teknologi LoRa (Long Range) dikembangkan untuk memberikan informasi real-time tentang kondisi lingkungan pertanian. Sensor suhu DS18B20 menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan mulsa menurunkan suhu rata-rata tanah dari 31,25 ? (tanpa mulsa 35,77 ?) pada hari pertama menjadi 30,71 ? (tanpa mulsa 33,15 ?) pada hari kedua. Sensor kelembaban tanah FC-28 menunjukkan penggunaan mulsa mengurangi kelembaban rata-rata dari 342 (tanpa mulsa 402) pada hari pertama menjadi 276 (tanpa mulsa 302) pada hari kedua. Pengujian LoRa selama dua hari dengan jarak 400 Meter menunjukkan bahwa sistem ini efektif dalam memantau dan mengontrol kondisi tanah untuk mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman., Agricultural cultivation requires intensive monitoring from planting to harvest. In this study, a soil temperature and moisture monitoring system using LoRa technology was developed to provide real-time information on agricultural environmental conditions. The DS18B20 temperature sensor indicated that mulching reduced average soil temperatures from 31.25 ? (without mulch 35.77 ?) on the first day to 30.71 ? (without mulch 33.15 ?) on the second day. The FC-28 soil moisture sensor showed that mulching decreased average moisture levels from 342 (without mulch 402) on the first day to 276 (without mulch 302) on the second day. LoRa testing over two days with a distance of 400 meters demonstrated that the system is effective in monitoring and controlling soil conditions to support plant growth.
Keyword: kelembaban tanah, LoRa, sensor kelembaban tanah FC-28, sensor suhu DS18B20, suhu tanah

Judul: Studi Histopatologi Organ Hati Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) yang Diinfeksi Coxiella burnetii
Abstrak: Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii) is a bacterial like organism that causes Query fever. The aim of this study was to describe the liver histopathology of hamsters after infected by C. burnetii intraperitoneally. Hamster were divided into two groups. All hamster liver were collected for histopathological examination using hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) and immunohistochemical staining (IHC). HE staining results in hamsters group I which were injected with C. burnetii’s antigen showed 3 out of 4 has granuloma which are typical of C. burnetii infection. All hamsters group II which were injected with hamsters group I’s spleen extracts showed granuloma in microscopic observation. IHC staining revealed all hamsters liver has positive result. Beside granuloma lesion, all hamster’s liver show acute hepatitis symptoms. The microscopic lesion of acute hepatitis showed the inflammatory cell accumulated in liver perifer, degeneration of hepatocytes cells, activation of lymphoid follicles, as well as congestion in small and large blood vessels.
Keyword: C. burnetii, granuloma, hamster, HE, histopathology, IHC