Judul: Analisis Cabang Usahatani dan Saluran Pemasaran Pisang Lampung (Kasus di Desa Rabak, Kecamatan Rumpin, Kabupaten Bogor)
Abstrak: Bananas are a commodity with the highest production in West Java and Bogor Regency of Indonesia. Rabak Village in the Rumpin District of the Bogor Regency has the potential to produce bananas of especially the lampung variety. But the village not doing cultivation well that can minimize the risk to get the maximum results, and thus the farmers marketing their bananas are faced with low bargaining power. This research analyzes current banana farming and lampung banana marketing using the R/C ratio so it can determine income and profit earned by lampung banana farmers, while the marketing channel is analyzed with the Li/Ci ratio so it can determine the benefit of marketing undertaken by the marketing institution involved in lampung banana marketing. The result of the ratio R/C in this research shows a value of 1.36, meaning that each rupiah spent will receive income of 1.36, while the Li/Ci ratio in this research have not been equal to each marketing institution involved, so the avowed the marketing channel is yet efficient
Keyword: marketing channel, branch of farming, banana

Judul: Analisis pendapatan usahatani dan pemasaran pisang segar: Studi kasus di Desa Sadeng, Kecamatan Leuwiliang, Kabupaten Bogor, Propinsi Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Pada PJPT II, diharapkan komoditas buah-buahan dapat dijadikan sumber pertumbuhan baru di sektor pertanian. Salah satu komoditas buah-buahan yang prospektif untuk dikembangkan adalah pisang (Musa paradisiaca) yang merupakan buah yang paling banyak diproduksi dan terluas areal penanamannya serta menjadi prioritas nasional untuk dikembangkan pada Pelita VI dari beberapa jenis buah­ buahan. Permasalahan dalam usahatani pisang antara lain pengusahaan yang belum intensif dan merupakan tanaman sampingan yang tidak terawat dengan baik karena rendahnya harga yang diterima petani, sehingga belum dijadikan pencarian pokok dan tidak memberi insentif bagi petani untuk terus berusaha tani. Adanya kendala dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan pisang berkualitas ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan volume dan nilai 1mpor pisang dari tahun 1992 sampai 1995. Peningkatan impor ini didukung oleh peningkatan pendidikan dan pendapatan masyarakat, yang menyebabkan perubahan preferensi konsumen, yang mulai memperhatikan mutu dalam mengkonsumsi buah-buahan. Jalur pemasaran yang panjang dalam distribusi komoditas pisang mengakibatkan harga di tingkat konsumen menjadi tinggi, sebaliknya harga di tingkat petani relatif rendah. Hal ini mengurangi insentif petani untuk berproduksi pisang dan mengalihkan areal tanam pisang pada komoditi lain.
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Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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