Judul: Antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella spp. isolated from Cats at Several Animal Clinics in Bogor Regency
Abstrak: Klebsiella spp. merupakan salah satu bakteri yang dapat menyebabkan infeksi nosokomial. Klebsiella spp. dapat menyerang saluran pernapasan dan pencernaan kucing. Resistansi antibiotik dapat memperburuk kondisi dan memperlambat penyembuhan pasien yang terinfeksi bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji resistansi berbagai jenis antibiotik pada Klebsiella spp. yang diisolasi dari kucing rawat inap dan rawat jalan di klinik hewan di Kabupaten Bogor. Metode penelitian ini terdiri dari koleksi sampel, isolasi dan identifikasi, serta uji resistansi dengan metode disk diffusion Kirby-Bauer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat resistansi isolat Klebsiella spp. berbeda-beda pada setiap antibiotik uji. Isolat uji menunjukkan resistan terhadap ampisilin, sefotaksim, doksisiklin, metronidazol, dan eritromisin. Isolat Klebsiella spp. masih tergolong sensitif terhadap antibiotik aztreonam, gentamisin, enrofloksasin, dan amoksisilin. Terdapat 9 isolat yang terindikasikan sebagai multi-drug resistance., Klebsiella spp. is one of the bacteria that can cause nosocomial infections. Klebsiella spp. could infect the respiratory and digestive tract of the cat. Antibiotic resistance can aggravate the condition and slow the healing of patients who infected by bacteria. This study aims to test the resistance of various types of antibiotics on Klebsiella spp. isolated from cats at several animal clinics in Bogor Regency. This research method consists of sample collection, isolation and identification, and antibiotic resistance tests with the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The isolates showed resistance to ampicillin, cefotaxime, doxycycline, metronidazole, and erythromycin. The isolate still classified as sensitive to the antibiotics aztreonam, gentamicin, enrofloxacin, and amoxicillin. There are 9 isolates classified as multidrug-resistance.
Keyword: Antibiotic, cat, Klebsiella spp., resistance

Judul: Resistansi terhadap Antibiotik pada Isolat Klebsiella pneumoniae asal Kucing di Klinik Hewan Kota Bogor
Abstrak: Klebsiella pneumoniae merupakan bakteri yang dapat menyebabkan pneumonia pada kucing. Selain itu, Klebsiella pneumoniae adalah bakteri patogen pada kejadian infeksi nosokomial. Resistansi antibiotik merupakan kondisi yang dapat menghambat lama pengobatan pasien rawat inap. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi Klebsiella pneumoniae yang resisten terhadap beberapa antibiotik pada kucing rawat inap di Klinik Hewan Kota Bogor. Pengujian resistansi antibiotik menggunakan metode Disk Diffusion Kirby-Bauer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolat Klebsiella pneumoniae mengalami resisten terhadap semua antibiotik yang diuji. Isolat Klebsiella pneumoniae mengalami resisten terhadap ampisilin (75%), tetrasiklin (62,5%), oksitetrasiklin (56,25%), enrofloksasin (50%), dan gentamisin (43,75%).
Keyword: antibiotic resistance, cat, clinic, Klebsiella pneumoniae

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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