Judul: Model Produksi Biodiesel Berbasis Minyak Sawit Untuk Memprediksi Harga Jual dan Besaran Subsidi
Abstrak: Biodiesel is a renewable energy source, environmentally friendly, and it could reduce the consumption of fuel energy (non-renewable energy). A prospective raw material for the production of biodiesel is palm oil. Oil World Organization released Indonesian palm oil data for October 2013 to September 2014, the production of Indonesian palm oil is 30 million tons, exported 20.9 million tons and is used for domestic consumption 9.10 million tons. Indonesia as world's largest palm oil commodity-producing countries has potential to developed palm oil-based on biodiesel as biofuels (renewable energy) instead of fossil fuels. However, the problems of high selling price makes biodiesel is not sustainable production in Indonesia is not growing. Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources released from the total current biodiesel producer biodiesel industry as much as 25, 13 manufacturers have ceased production. While biodiesel is increasing the need for government policy, mixing biodiesel into diesel fuel (biosolar). In 2013 consumption solar amounted 33 million kiloliters, mixing 10% of biodiesel can reduce diesel amounted to 3.3 million kiloliters/year. On the other hand, the selling price of biodiesel is determined by Mean Oil Platts Singapore (MOPS) is the price of diesel in the Singapore market, until now selling price of biodiesel can be said to be always higher than the price of MOPS. The selling price is a manufacturer of high due to price of raw material for biodiesel and make the cost of biodiesel production process is high. Based on this study examines these issues biodiesel selling price of biodiesel production costs and selling price support policy recommendations that high biodiesel in the form of subsidies. The cost of production is influenced by the price of raw material for biodiesel and biodiesel production process cost. Approach to get the production process cost of biodiesel is done by modeling the process is quantitative of biodiesel production. Biodiesel production model is built from the sub model raw materials, process technology (Grand Inizio and Lurgi) based on the content of free fatty acid (FFA) are used as raw materials and components forming the cost of production. Biodiesel studied is biodiesel made from palm oil, namely crude palm oil (CPO), refined palm oil (RPO), refined bleached deodorized palm oil (RBDPO), refined bleached deodorized palm olein (RBD olein), Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Stearin (RBD stearin), Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD). Studied process technology used two technology provider for production process biodiesel. Comparing two techologies for determining the cost of production of biodiesel. We selected the technology process based on comparison of cost of process and fixed capital investment. Biodiesel production model is used to obtain the lowest selling price. Approach to the selling price calculation is done using a heuristic technique, by totaling prices of raw material, process cost, taxes, and sales margin. The lowest price of this calculation is the minimum price the biodiesel production process and can be used as a reference by the government to determine the lowest selling price of biodiesel. Further study of fluctuations of raw material prices of biodiesel and biodiesel prices and its impact on the calculation and administration
Keyword: biodiesel, palm oil, selling price, subsidy policy, technology provider

Judul: Perumusan Kebijakan Biodiesel Kelapa Sawit dengan Menggunakan Metode Regulatory Impact Analysis dan Model Sistem Dinamis
Abstrak: Indonesia has strongh commitment to develop biodiesel. This commitment has been proved by issuing several government’s policy in the form of regulations to develop biodiesel. So that the development of biodiesel has legal force politically. One of the latest policy issued by the government is the Ministerial Regulation from Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) of the Republic of Indonesia Number 12 of 2015. This regulation is the third revision of Regulation of ESDM Number 32 of 2008 that concerning the provision, use, and administration of biofuels as other energy. Before that, regulation of ESDM Number 32 of 2008 has revised by Regulation of ESDM Number 25 of 2012 and ESDM Number 20 of 2014. The core content of the Regulation of ESDM Number 12 of 2015 is mandatory in PSO and non PSO transportation, industry and bussiness, and power plant sector to use biofuels as a mixture of fuel with a certain mixture composition from 2015 to 2025 The implementation of biodiesel regulation in practice actually has many problems. Several of earlier research mentioned that contribution or target to use biodiesel as a mixture of diesel fuel was not achieved. This research provides required condition analysis, policy scenario design, and formulation of a policy to meet the target of the obligation to use biodiesel as a mixture of diesel fuel according to the Ministry Regulation of Energy and Mineral Resources of Republic Indonesia Number 12 of 2015. The current government policy is a disincentive CPO; granting relief loan repayment (interest) for the biodiesel plant investment, exemption or tax relief on entry to the technology or equipment biodiesel plant investment; mixture diesel fuel and biodiesel subsidy of IDR 1000 per liter. The simulation results describe the current government policy to support the achievement of the use of biodiesel as a mixture of diesel fuel will not be able to meet the target of achieving the use of biodiesel as a mixture of diesel fuel. The target use of palm oil biodiesel as a mixture of diesel, require additional support policies or conditions by increasing the rate of production capacity of biodiesel, biodiesel incentives, increase land productivity of palm oil, biodiesel subsidies minimal changes over IDR 1250 per liter for 7% interest rate and IDR 1350 per liter for 9% interest rate.
Keyword: Biodiesel, policy, palm oil, simulation

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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