Judul: Biologi myzus persicae sulzer ( Homotera : Aphididae ) pada tanaman kubis dan parasitoidnya Aphidius sp. ( Hymenoptera : Braconidae )
Abstrak: Penelitian dilaksanakan di laboratorium Taksonomi, Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui siklus hidup dan keperidian M. persicae pada tanaman kubis serta pertumbuhan populasi pada tanaman kubis dan sawi tanah. Selain itu diamati juga siklus hidup parasitoid Aphidius sp. pada berbagai stadia instar M. persicae. Hasil penelitian laboratorium menunjukkan bahwa rata- rata siklus hidup M. persicae adalah 8.40 hari. Rata-rata stadium nimfa pertama, kedua, ketiga dan keempat masing-masing adalah 1.75, 1.60, 1.80 dan 2.15 hari. Rata-rata masa pra kelahiran adalah 1.10 hari. Lama hidup imago rata-rata 11.35 hari. Dalam satu siklus hidup M. persicae mengalami ganti kulit sebanyak empat kali. Banyaknya nimfa yang dilahirkan oleh setiap individu rata-rata adalah 13.20 ekor. Perbedaan jenis tanaman, mempengaruhi pertumbuhan populasi M. persicae. Pada tanaman kubis pertumbuhan populasi M. persicae lebih tinggi daripada tanaman sawi tanah. Hasil pengamatan di laboratorium menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata masa perkembangan parasitoid Aphidius sp. dari telur sampai terjadi mumi pada nimfa I, II, III dan IV masing-masing adalah 8.86, 7.71, 6.20 dan 5.92 hari.
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Judul: Host Plants, Pamitoids and Hyperparasitoids of Green Peach Aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hornoptem: Aphididae) in the neighburhood of Bogor and Cimjur (West Java)., Tumbuhan inang, parasitoid dan hiperparasitoid kutudaun Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Homoptera: Aphididae) di sekitar Bogor dan Cianjur, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: The green peach aphid Wtls persicae (Sulzer) is truly a cosmopolitan species, very poIyphagous, reproduces parthenogenetically in the tropics, and has a short life cycle. It is a common pest of many cultivated piants and act as vectors of many plant viruses. The predators, parasitoids and pathogens are the important natural enemies of green peach aphid and other aphids. In general this r e m h investigates the natural host plants, parasitoids, and hyperparasitoids of green peach aphid in the neighbourhood of Bogor and Cianjur (West Java). The special purpose of this resarch is to study the diversity of the host plants, the parasitoids, and hyperparasitoids of the aphid and their vertical distributions in the areas. Besides, the influence of the diversity of host crop plants and the application of insecticide on the aphid parasitoids and hrperparasitoids were also studied. Labot~torye xperiments were conducted to investigate the potential of parasitoids as agent of biological control. The results showed that the aphids' host plant diversity is high, and that plant species which are taxonomically related are potential hosts of the aphld. Dominant host plants belong to families Solanaceae and Brassicaceae. There were six species of parasitoids attacking the aphid, i,e. : Aphidius rosae Halida y, Aphidius delicat ers Baker, Aphiditrs sp., Diaeretiella rape (M' intosh) (Aphidiidae), Aphelinus asychis (Walker), and Apkelinus sp. (Aphelinidae). Four species of hyperpamitoids found attacking those parasitoids, i-e.: Aphtdencyrtus sp., Coagerus sp., Ooemyrtus sp. (Emyrtidae), and Charips sp. (Chanpidae). Population abundance and d~stributiono f the parasitoids of the aphid were influenced by the crops plant species, population density and distribution of the aphid, season, and application of insecticide. The species vertical distribution of the aphids' parasitoids and h yperparasi toids differ and apparently are influenced by the occurrence of the aphids' host plant and elevation above sea level. Laboratory experiment showed that the parasitoids D. rape, could suppressed the aphids' population to 62,7%, and the other pamitoid, Aphelinm sp. to 59,4%. The last mentioned parasitoids killed its host by host feeding, besides parasitization. The use of those parasitoids in applied biological control programs is recommended, however more researches are still needed, especially in aspects of field biaecology, mass rearing and release technologies., Kutudaun Myzus persicae (Sulzer) merupakan species yang kosmopolit, polifag, di daerah tropis berkembangbiak partogenetik dan siklus hidupnya pendek serta dapat berperan sebagai hama dan vektor penyakit virus tanaman. Predator, parasitoid dan patogen merupakan musuh alami penting kutudaun.
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Judul: Penerapan teknik watermarking untuk penandaan hak cipta pada peta vektor dengan format DXF
Abstrak: Drawing Interchange Format (DXF) is one of the general file in the field of the vector image commonly used for making maps. The DXF format is a tagged data representation of all the information contained in an AutoCAD drawing (DWG) file. Tagged data means that each data element in the watermark is preceded by an integer number called the group code. The study was carried out because there is still no tools of labeling the copyright on digital mapping using DXF file. This study aims to generate an application for copyright labeling on vector map with DXF format that can be applied to any types of spatial objects in the map. The technique used is changing the code inside the vector image. The insertion of the watermark is done by utilizing ENTITIES section by multiplying objects for sets of binary values. The results showed that the image after the watermarking insertion process is the same as the original vector image. Embedded watermark is resistant to rotation and scaling, however it has the possibility of one-third to be broken in the attack on specific object. This study has successfully implemented watermarking technique for copyright labeling on the vector map with DXF format.
Keyword: Drawing Interchange Format, Robust Watermark, Tagged Data, Vector Image, Watermarking