Judul: Parasitemia dan Diferensial Leukosit Kerbau Perah (Bubalus bubalis) Akibat Parasit Darah di Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara, Sumatera Utara.
Abstrak: The purpose of this study was to determine percentage of blood parasite, parasitaemia based on sex category and differential of leucocyte in dairy buffaloes in North Tapanuli regency, North Sumatera. Blood samples were collected from 10 adult female buffaloes and 10 adult male buffaloes using blood smear method. Samples were processed in glass slide, stained with Giemsa 10% and observed using a microscope with 1000x. The parasitaemia were counted for every 500 red blood cells. Differential absolute of leucocyte were calculated with differential relative of leucocyte multiplied by total leucocyte count. The result showed buffaloes infections caused by Anaplasma sp., Theileria sp, and Babesia sp. The highest percentage were caused by triple infections 45% (Anaplasma sp., Theileria sp., Babesia sp.), followed by double infections 30% (Anaplasma sp., Theileria sp.), double infections 10% (Theileria sp., Babesia sp.), single infection 10% (Anaplasma sp.), and the lowest by single infection 5% (Theileria sp.). By the sex of mean value parasitaemia was not showed significantly different (p>0.05). single infection (Anaplasma sp.). Total Leucocyte count about single infection (Anaplasma sp), and lymphocyte count about single infection (Anaplasma sp.), double infections (Theileria sp., Babesia sp.),and triple infections (Anaplasma sp., Theileria sp., Babesia sp.) were showed significantly different (p<0.05).
Keyword: differential leucocyte, blood parasite, parasitaemia

Judul: Parasitemia Dan Diferensial Leukosit Akibat Infeksi Parasit Darah Pada Kerbau (Bubalus Bubalis) Di Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: The aim was to identifiy the type of blood parasites that attack in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis), to determine blood parasites percentage, parasitemia rate based on the leukocyte differential of the buffaloes in Bogor. The Blood samples were collected from 14 buffaloes using blood smear method.Samples were processed in glass slide, stained with Giemsa 10% and were observed using a microscope with 1000x magnification.The parasitaemia were counted for every 500 red blood cells. The result showed buffaloes infections were caused by Anaplasma sp., Theileria sp, and Babesia sp. The highest parasitemia rate was caused by the infection of Theileria sp.which was 43%, followed by the infection of Anaplasma sp. which was 36%, 7% of double infections which were (Anaplasma sp., Theileria sp.), (Theileria sp., Babesia sp..), and the triple infections 7% (Anaplasma sp., Theileria sp., Babesia sp.). Although the parasitemia rate of the single infection Anaplasma sp. and Theileria sp. showed significant differences (P<0.05), hence, the buffaloes are still in the severity of mild diseases. The leukocyte differential showed the differences in every infection. The double infections (Anaplasma sp., Theileria sp.) and (Theileria sp., Babesia sp.) had the highest lymphocyte count whereas the triple infections (Anaplasma sp., Theileria sp., Babesia sp.) had the highest neutrophil count. The significant differences of the eosinophil count were showed on the single infections Anaplasma sp. and Theileria sp.
Keyword: Anaplasma sp., coinfection, differential leucocyte, blood parasite, parasitaemia

Judul: Peran Surfaktan Setiltrimetilamonium Bromida dan Natrium Dodesil Sulfat pada Sintesis ZnO dengan Metode Hidrotermal
Abstrak: Zno crystal is the main preference material in various applications recently, such as in semiconductors, ultraviolet lasers, and catalysts. This study aims to synthesize ZnO with addition of surfactant. ZnO crystals were synthesized by reacting ZnSO4, KOH, and surfactants using hydrothermal method. The first step was to determine the best ratio of ZnSO4: KOH (1:2; 1:3; 1:4, and 1:5) based on X-ray diffraction. The second step was to evaluate the role of surfactan cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the synthesis of ZnO crystals. The result of this study showed the best ratio of ZnSO4:KOH was 1:3, based on the least of impurities and the highest degree of crystallinity (85.64%). The addition of surfactant CTAB and SDS in the synthesis of ZnO increased the degree of crystallinity, which were 98.28% and 92.17%, respectively. Based on mathematical calculation using Scherrer equation, the crystal size without surfactant was 32 nm, whereas with CTAB and SDS the crystallited size were 28 nm and 29 nm, respectively. The degree of crystallinity and crystal size indicated that CTAB surfactant produce ZnO crystals with the best characteristics as compared to SDS surfactant or without surfactant.
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