Judul: Model Pengelolaan Perikanan Pelagis Kecil dan Demersal Berbasis Ekologi-Ekonomi di Pantai Utara Blanakan, Subang, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Blanakan is one of coastal area in North of Java which have fisheries resources potential, some of them which have high production and important economics value are Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) as small pelagis fisheries resources and Ornate treadefin bream (Nemipterus spp.) as demersal fisheries resources. The problem in coastal North of Java and Blanakan is the increasing exploitation of fisheries resources that have caused biological and economical overfishing. The aimed of this research were to analysed exploitated rate of fisheries resources especially on Indian mackerel and Ornate treadefin bream, to make ecology-economy model for fisheries mangement, and to design alternative policy for fisheries management in North coastal Blanakan, Subang. Primary data were obtained by collecting the example of Indian mackerel and Ornate treadfin bream at TPI Blanakan, Subang. Secondary data were obtained by collecting the fisheries production data at KUD Mina Fajar Sidik, Blanakan, Subang. The results of primary data showed that the rate of exploitation (E) on Indian mackerel and Ornate treadefin bream each have reached 60,67% and 66,24%, it mean that both of the fisheries resources have been over explotaited. While secondary data revealed that for Indian mackerel the actual effort used has already exceeds the optimum condition of MSY and MEY, therefor the economic benefit also smaller than in the optimum condition of MSY, MEY. For the Ornate treadfin bream revealed that actual effort used also already exceeds the optimum condition of MSY and MEY, so that the economic benefit also smaller than in optimum condition of MEY, MSY.
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Judul: Bio-economic model of multispecies exploitation of pelagic fishery resources in bali strait
Abstrak: Tropical fishery resources in Indonesia comprised of diverse species resources, thus one type of fishing gear may yield more than one species of fish. Indonesian pelagic fishery resources feature rich potentials, with particular interest to Bali Strait, in where most of existing fishery resources were exploited using purse seine with double fishing lines. This type of fishing gear captured several species of fish, e.g. Lemuru (Sardinella spp.), Tongkol (Euthynnus spp.), Layang (Decapterus spp.), Kembung (Rastrelliger spp.), etc. Accordingly, this research aimed to: (1) analyze exploitation level multispecies pelagic fishery resources in Bali Strait; (2) analyze the optimal level of exploitation and sustainable fisheries for pelagic multispecies resources; and (3) to determine appropriate management policies. The analytical method used was bio-economic multispecies approach with reference to dependencies between different species in Bali Strait. The results showed present condition of exploitation of pelagic multispecies fishery in Bali Strait, and the actual production is lower compare to sustainable production. Current biological and economical thresholds were higher than current exploitation yield. Similar profile was noted for the actual production and fishing effort, which were below optimal value. Consequently, this study revealed that pelagic fishery resources management in the Bali Strait featured inadequate level of economic efficiency. The existing exploitation method for pelagic fishery resources in Bali Strait with purse seine using two fishing lines can be increased in order to obtain the maximum economic benefits, while still maintaining fisheries sustainability for multispecies resources. Maximum economic rents was obtained from cumulative economic rents of different pelagic fish species. Thus, multispecies approach should be the basis in determining the policy of pelagic fishery resources management in Indonesia.
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Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4