Judul: Karakteristik Kulit Ceker Ayam yang Disamak dengan Kombinasi Krom dan Mimosa serta Ekstrak Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava Linn.)
Abstrak: Tanning is the process of converting protein rawhide into leather which stable and not easily decompose. Tanning can be performed on the skin of chicken claw because it has a protein content that is not different from the protein skin of cattle about 23%. The use of chromium can be overcome with vegetable tanning materials that derived from plants and environmentally friendly. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of the tanned skin of chicken claw with a combination of chrome, mimosa and guava leaf extract. Observed variables consisted of tensile strength, elongation, and tear endurance with repetition performed 3 times. The results showed that the concentration of guava leaf extract different effect on tensile strength, but has no effect on elongation and tear endurance of leather. Chrome and mimosa still give effect to the tanning process, but the addition of guava leaf extract as much as 10% showed optimum ability to help increase the tensile endurance of leather.
Keyword: tanning, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), guava leaf, chicken claw

Judul: Karakteristik Kulit Ceker Ayam yang Disamak dengan Kombinasi Krom dan Mimosa serta Ekstrak Daun Teh (Camelia sinensis).
Abstrak: Skin tanning is process of converting rawhide skin protein into skin tanned by tanning materials, that result a change in the physical properties of unstable to stable and resistant to environmental influences such as physical pressure, weather, and microorganisms. Waste from tanning process is solid waste, gas, and liquid. For not polluting the environment, liquid waste containing chromium (0.7%) should be processed in the mix with natural tanning materials, like tea. This research used the skin of chicken claw that used combination of tanning (chemical tanning and tea extract) with different concentrations of chrome and nature tanning materials (mimosa and tea extracts) (70:20:10), (60:20:20) and (50:20:30), respectively. Parameters in this reseacrh was the quality of the skin tensile test, elongation test and skin rips test. The best concentration of tea extract for physical characteristics of the tanned chicken claw leather is addition of tea extract 10% intensile test, 20% tea extract in elongation test and 30% tea extract in skin rips test.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), tea, tanning, eather

Judul: Zero-inflated negative binomial models in small area estimation.
Abstrak: The problem of over-dispersion in Poisson data is usually solved by introducing prior distributions which lead to negative binomial models. Poisson data sometime is also suffered by excess zero problems, a condition when data contains too many zero or exceeds the distribution's expectation. Zero Inflated Negative Binomial (ZINB) method can be utilized to solve such problems. This paper demonstrates the adaption of ZINB methods in Small Area Estimation with excess zero data. It is shown that the excess zero problem has substantially influenced the Empirical Bayes (EB) estimates, and the adaption of ZINB methods has improved the precision and reliability of the estimates. Key Words: Small Area Estimation, Zero-Inflation, Poisson-Gamma, Negative Binomial Regression, Empirical Bayes
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