Judul: Penyelesaian Split Delivery Vehicle Routing Problem Menggunakan Algoritme Tabu Search.
Abstrak: Split Delivery Vehicle Routing Problems (SDVRP) merupakan masalah penentuan rute pendistribusian barang ke para pelanggan yang dimulai dan diakhiri di suatu depot. Setiap pelanggan dapat dikunjungi lebih dari satu kali. Model SDVRP merupakan kasus NP-Hard Problem yang dapat diselesaikan menggunakan metode eksak, heuristic maupun meta-heuristic. Pada karya ilmiah ini, SDVRP diselesaikan menggunakan metode eksak Integer Linear Programming (ILP) dan metode meta-heuristic Tabu Search 2-opt. Hasil uji coba memperlihatkan bahwa waktu eksekusi menggunakan metode meta-heuristic jauh lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan metode eksak. Akan tetapi, metode meta-heuristic masih menghasilkan selisih jarak yang relatif besar dibanding metode eksak.
Keyword: 2-opt, SDVRP, Tabu Search, 2-opt, SDVRP, Tabu Search

Judul: Penyelesaian Vehicle Routing Problem with Simultaneous Pickup and Delivery Service Menggunakan Algoritme Tabu Search
Abstrak: Vehicle Routing Problems with Simultaneous Pick-up and Delivery (VRPSPD) are the variation of Vehicle Routing Problems (VRP). VRPSPD is a problem to determine the route of vehicle to pick-up and delivery the product at the same time. The goal of VRPSPD is either to minimize the mileage or the cost of shipping the product. In this paper, the VRPSPD problem will be solved by using a heuristic method, namely Tabu search algorithm. Tabu search algorithm is a mathematical optimization method that guides the search for solutions iteratively by providing taboo status to the existing solution. It uses two memory structures that have different functions. It consists several stages that underlie each step in the algorithm, namely the determination of the initial solution, the search of the neighborhood solution, the use of the memory structures, and the termination of the algorithm. The application of VRPSPD is ilustrated in establishing the minimum distance route of drinking water product delivery.
Keyword: VRPSPD, VRP, tabu search, pick-up and delivery, heuristic methods

Judul: Mercury Toxicity and It’s Effect on Histopathology Change of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).
Abstrak: Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of fish species that oportunity to contaminated with mercury. The effects of pollutants can damage living organisms organs and can cause death. The effects caused mercury had acute or chronic character. The aims of this study are to determine threshold and acute toxicity of mercury chloride (HgCl2) of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), to assess the effect of mercury chloride (HgCl2) on several biometric parameters (survival, growth rate of average daily weighted, liver condition, bile and reproductive variability of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), assess the level of damage to the histological structure of the gills, liver and kidney of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) caused mercury chloride (HgCl2) exposure. This study was conducted from February to June 2013. Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were used in this study were female with average weight 20 grams or 11-13 cm length range. Toxicant materials used in this study was mercury chloride (HgCl2). Fish were reared in each aquarium 60x40x30 containing 48 liters of water. This study consists of three stages: a preliminary test, acute test, and sub-chronic test. To determine the changes in biometric condition of tilapia approximated by measuring the survival rate (SR), the growth rate of average daily weight , the content of mercury in the fish organs, hepatosomatic index (HSI), the relative bile volume (VER), gonadal soamtic index (IKG), fecundity and oocit diameter, tissue damage caused by mercury in fish organs by making histological preparations stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The median lethal concentration (96 hr, LC50) of Mercury Chloride was calculated as 1,64 mgL--1.The survival rate was highest in the control treatment (46,67 %) . Mercury chloride with concentration 0.196 mgL--1 show significant effect to changes HSI and relative bile volume, and oocyte diameter of Nile tilapia (p < 0,05). Mercury chloride with a concentration of 0,164 mgL-1 and 0,196 mgL-1 have not a significant effect on the growth rate of weight, gonadal somatic index and fecundity of Nile tilapia (p > 0,05). Mercury chloride cause damage to gills (hyperplasia, hypertrophy, proliferation and neukrosis), liver (hyperplasia, hemorhage, shrinkage of hepatocytes, proliferation and neukrosis) and kidney (hyperplasia, hemorrhage, shrinkage of the glomerulus, proliferation and neukrosis).
Keyword: Nile tilapia, Hepatosomatic indexs (HSI), histopathology