Judul: Pengaruh Pola Asuh Disiplin Ibu terhadap Karakter Disiplin Anak Usia Taman Kanak-Kanak
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pola asuh disiplin ibu terhadap karakter disiplin anak usia taman kanak-kanak pada TK di Kota Bogor. Desain penelitian menggunakan cross sectional study yang melibatkan 46 orang anak dan ibunya, dipilih secara accidental sampling dan diwawancarai dengan kuesioner. Pola asuh disiplin diukur menggunakan kuesioner The Dimensions of Discipline Inventory (DDI) yang diadaptasi dan dimodifikasi dari Straus dan Fauchier (2011) dengan nilai cronbach’s alpha 0.864, dan Kuesioner Perkembangan Karakter Anak Usia Prasekolah yang diadaptasi dan dimodifikasi dari Hastuti (2014) dengan nilai cronbach’s alpha 0.649. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif signifikan antara lama pendidikan ibu dengan cara implementasi disiplin dan terdapat hubungan positif signifikan antara status pernikahan utuh dengan penilaian kognitif. Penilaian kognitif merupakan pendapat atau penilaian orang tua terhadap pola asuh disiplin baik yang disetujui maupun tidak. Karakter disiplin anak dipengaruhi oleh lama pendidikan ibu, usia ibu, dan situasi dalam penerapan disiplin (R2 Adjusted= 0.492). Situasi dalam penerapan disiplin merupakan suatu keadaan atau kondisi orang tua ketika menerapkan perilaku disiplin kepada anak.
Keyword: Disiplin, ibu, pengasuhan, anak, taman kanak-kanak

Judul: Pengaruh Pengasuhan Penerimaan-Penolakan dan Kelekatan Ibu-Anak terhadap Karakter Disiplin Anak Usia Prasekolah.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pengasuhan penerimaan-penolakan, kelekatan ibu anak terhadap karakter disiplin anak usia prasekolah. Kriteria contoh pada penelitian ini adalah ibu sebagai pengasuh utama dan memiliki anak yang bersekolah di PAUD Mawar dan Nurul Fajriah, Desa Ciasmara, Kecamatan Pamijahan, Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini melibatkan 36 keluarga dengan anak usia prasekolah yang dipilih secara purposive. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square, uji korelasi Pearson dan regresi linear berganda. Pengasuhan penerimaan dan karakter disiplin anak prasekolah termasuk dalam kategori rendah. Kelekatan yang terjalin antara ibu dan anak terkategori cukup baik. Terdapat hubungan positif signifikan antara kelekatan ibu-anak dengan pengasuhan penerimaan dan karakter disiplin. Hasil uji regresi linear berganda menunjukkan bahwa lama pendidikan ibu berpengaruh negatif terhadap karakter disiplin anak, sedangkan pendapatan perkapita dan kelekatan ibu-anak memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap karakter disiplin anak.
Keyword: Anak usia prasekolah, Karakter disiplin, Kelekatan ibu anak, Pengasuhan penerimaan-penolakan

Judul: Extracellular Expression of thermostable Geobacillus stearothermophilus T1.2RQ Lipase for Biodiesel Production
Abstrak: The extracellular expression of enzymes in an excellent secretion host such as Bacillus subtilis is a useful strategy for making enzymes of industrial significance more affordable by lowering the cost of its downstream processing. Lipases are a category of hydrolases that catalyze the hydrolysis of triglycerides to glycerol and free fatty acids. Also, lipases catalyze the hydrolysis and transesterification of other esters as well as the synthesis of esters. They can perform very specific biotransformation reactions and are widely used in food, organic synthesis, detergents, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Geobacillus stearothermophilus T1.2RQ lipase is an industrially-desired thermostable lipolytic enzyme with an excellent hydrolytic and transesterification activity. This study aimed to express T1.2RQ lipase, in B. subtilis WB800 and ensure its secretion into the extracellular medium. Three signal peptides (AmyQ, Epr, LipA) and two promoters (Pgrac01 and Pgrac100) were used in the secretory-expression of T1.2RQ lipase, based on five constructed expression vectors constructed by restriction cloning and PCR mutagenesis. Sangers sequencing was used to verify constructs to ensure they are in the correct reading frame. Recombinants vectors, pHT43 (plasmid control), pHT43-T1.2RQ, pHT43- T1.2RQ_AmyQ, pHT43-T1.2RQ_Epr, and pHT43-T1.2RQ_LipA, were transformed by electroporation into Bacillus subtilis WB800. The electroporation was successful with the optimum condition of 2500V, 200 ohms, 25µF, and 5milliseconds. Recombinant B. subtilis pHT43 (negative control) and pHT43-T1.2RQlip + signal peptides were streaked on the lipidic agar, LA+TBN. All four recombinants, including the negative control (B. subtilis WB800-pHT43), produced clear zones on the TBN agar plate after overnight incubation (fig 2), indicating the presence of a lipolytic enzyme in all of the recombinant B. subtilis cells. pHT43-T1.2RQlip + signal peptides (AmyQ, Epr, and LipA) have clear zones with significantly higher diameters than B. subtilis WB800-pHT43 (negative control). This phenomenon suggests that the recombinant thermostable lipase T1.2RQ introduced into these cells was successfully expressed, thereby increasing the lipolytic capability of its host cells T1.2RQ lipase was expressed in 50ml terrific broth medium (TB) and the expression induced with 1mM IPTG. Lipase activity assay using p-nitrophenyl esters showed that all three signal peptides directed the secretion of T1.2RQ lipase into the extracellular medium. Signal peptide, LipA, resulted in the highest extracellular activity of 5.6 U/mL, which corresponds to a 6-fold increase over the parent B. subtilis WB800 strain. Meanwhile, signal peptides, AmyQ and Epr produced 4.2 U/mL and 3.4 U/mL activity respectively. SDS-Zymogram analysis confirmed that T1.2RQ lipase was correctly processed and secreted in its original size of 44 kDa. An attempt to further increase lipase expression level by promoter optimization showed that, contrary to expectation, promoter Pgrac100 exhibited similar expression levels as the original Pgrac01. Nevertheless, the demonstration of the successful secretion of T1.2RQ lipase in this work confirms the latter as a promising approach for the industrial production of the enzyme
Keyword: Bacillus subtilis, Expression, Extracellular, Heterologous, Lipase, Thermostable