Judul: Perencanaan jalur interpretasi alam di pulau Kapota, Taman Nasional Wakatobi
Abstrak: Pulau Kapota merupakan salah satu pulau berpenghuni di kawasan Taman Nasional Wakatobi (TNW) yang letaknya tidak jauh dari ibukota kabupaten, dengan luas wilayah sekitar 1.804,97 ha. Pulau Kapota memiliki potensi sumberdaya kawasan yang dapat dikembangkan sebagai objek dan daya tarik wisata yaitu berupa potensi sumberdaya alam dan budaya. Melihat potensi sumberdaya kawasan tersebut pihak taman nasional memiliki rencana untuk menjadikan Pulau Kapota sebagai salah satu lokasi kegiatan ekowisata di TNW. Agar pengunjung yang datang ke Pulau Kapota mendapatkan nilai lebih dalam kunjungannya maka kegiatan ekowisata akan lebih baik lagi jika dipadukan dengan kegiatan interpretasi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Pulau Kapota, salah satu pulau di TNW, Sulawesi Tenggara. Dilaksanakan selama dua bulan, yaitu bulan Juli-Agustus 2010. Alat dan bahan yang digunakan antara lain alat tulis, binokuler, kamera digital, tape recorder, GPS, Software Arcview 3.3, peta TNW dan kuesioner. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode studi literatur, wawancara dan penyebaran kuesioner, serta observasi lapang. Hasil penelitian menemukan berbagai objek dan daya tarik wisata di Pulau Kapota yang diklasifikasikan menjadi potensi biologis, potensi fisik, potensi sejarah dan situs keramat, serta potensi seni-budaya. Potensi biologis berupa keanekaragaman flora yang ada pada jalur pengamatan (dijumpai 16 jenis flora), fauna (dijumpai 23 jenis burung, 2 jenis mamalia, 3 jenis reptil), dan ekosistem yang khas (mangrove, lamun, terumbu karang). Potensi fisik berupa Goa Kelelawar, Mata Air Kolowowa, Danau Tailaro Nto.oge, pantai berpasir putih dan pemandangan alam. Potensi sejarah dan situs keramat berupa benteng kerajaan masyarakat adat Kapota (Katiama dan Togo Molengo), makam penyiar agama Islam pertama di Pulau Kapota, Saru-sarua, Laudina, Watu Lulu, dan Watu Ndengu-ndengu. Potensi seni-budaya berupa kerajinan jalajah dan tenunan kain leja, tarian tradisional, dan pesta adat (Kabuenga dan Karia.a). Sudah terdapat jalur yang menghubungkan berbagai objek dan daya tarik wisata di Pulau Kapota. Dari hasil pengamatan dijumpai tujuh jalur yang dapat digunakan untuk mencapai objek-objek tersebut, enam jalur terestrial dan satu jalur aquatik. Berdasarkan potensi objek serta kondisi fisik jalur, dari ketujuh jalur yang ada terdapat enam jalur yang direncanakan sebagai jalur interpretasi, lima jalur terestrial dan satu jalur aquatik. Jalur tersebut yaitu Jalur Interpretasi Pantai Aowolio, Jalur Interpretasi Goa Kelelawar, Jalur Interpretasi Togo Molengo, Jalur Interpretasi Banakawa, Jalur Interpretasi Hutan Sara dan Jalur Interpretasi Kapota Reef.
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Judul: Kajian ekosistem terumbu karang untuk pengembangan kawasan ekowisata bahari di Pulau Hoga, Kepulauan Wakatobi, Sulawesi Tenggara
Abstrak: Pulau Hoga rnerupakan salah satu kawasan di Tarnan Nasional Kepulauan Wakatobi (TNKW) yang merniliki potensi ekosistem sumberdaya, d ' i r a n y a terurnbu karang, ikan karang dan kualitas air yang b& Dengan kemekaragarnan potensi yang ada Pulau Hoga rnenjadi salah satu daerah tujuan wisata e l a n di Kabupaten Wakatobi. Perkernbangan dari aMivitas wisata di Pulau Hoga temyata berindikasi menimbulkan darnpak temadap potensi ekosktem dan sumberdaya yang ada, diantaranya aspek pengelolaan ekosistem terurnbu karang dan sumberdaya biota lainnya. Degradasi kondki terurnbu karang yang muhi tejadi dWuga disebabkan oleh akbvbs rnanusia di sekitar l o k i wisata. Tujuan dari p e n e i i i ini adalah rnengkaji benMc pengeloiaan ekWem terurnbu kararrg dalarn konteks kepentingan pariwisata, yang diharapb dapat rnenghasilkan &ematif s!rategi untuk pengembangan kawasan ekowsiata bahari di Pulau Hoga yang berbasis lingkungan dan rnasyarakat.
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Judul: Price Discrimination Analysis of Butter in the German Market
Abstrak: Germany is the largest producers of butter among other countries in the EU. The trend of butter production in Germany increase steadily during 2010 – 2013. In 2013, butter production in Germany reach to 491 460 tons and German’s butter production amounted to 25% of the EU butter production. So, Germany has an advantage in butter production compared with other countries in the EU. The advantage in butter production and stock availability of butter strongly supports the development of food industry in Germany. However, there were fluctuations in the average price of butter in Germany during 1999-2010 and it was occurred from year to year. Fluctuation of butter prices can affects business risk, the competition of butter producers, and economic surplus of consumers in the German butter market. One of the strategies which can be done by producers and retailers to survive in the competition is establish right price strategy, such implement price discrimination strategy. Price discrimination strategy aims to get consumer surplus, to increase profits, and to face business competition. The main objective of the study is to analyze butter price discrimination in German market. In detail, objectives of this study are: first, to analyze the necessary conditions (market power, different demand elasticity, and preventing arbitrage) of occurrence in price discrimination of butter products in the German market through structure analysis, second, to analyze demand function of butter products based on types of retail store in Germany, third, to analyze price discrimination of butter products based on regions in Germany, and fourth, to analyze price difference of butter products across types of retail store in Germany. The result shows that the three necessary conditions (market power, different demand elasticity, and preventing arbitrage) for the occurrence of butter price discrimination in the German retail market are fulfilled. The butter industry in Germany has an HHI value of 1 635 and the four-firm concentration ratio (CR4) index reached 71%, which indicates that the German butter industry has either a moderate level of market concentration and an oligopoly market structure with some dominant firms. The oligopoly butter market structure in Germany is dominated by four producers of butter, are: Irish Dairy Board, Campina, Sachsenmilch, and Arla Foods. Market power in an oligopoly is also greatly influenced by some main producers who also produce private label products. We can conclude that the three demand curves (hypermarket, supermarket and discounter) have a negative slope or downward shape (progressive decrease from the upper left to the lower right). This condition is in accordance with the theory of demand that price and quantity have the opposite relationship. The slope of the demand function in the hypermarket is -3.701, -2.883 in the supermarket, and -5.517 in the discounter (largest value of discounter indicates that it is the most elastic of the retail stores). We also can conclude that on the demand side, butter consumption is not discriminating along the demand curve (price and quantity) across regions in Germany. On the supply side, producers and retailers are not discriminating in regards to butter prices across regions in Germany. The mean
Keyword: price discrimination, butter, semi and double logarithm model, the German market