Judul: Komunitas Amfibi di beberapa Sungai pada Suaka Margasatwa Nantu Provinsi Gorontalo
Abstrak: Amfibi merupakan salah satu satwa yang hidup tidak jauh dari sumber air. Keberadaan amfibi sangat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi dan tipe habitat dimana beberapa jenis dapat ditemukan di hutan rendah gangguan atau di hutan terganggu. Penelitian ini dilakukan di beberapa sungai pada Suaka Margasatwa Nantu untuk mengidentifikasi komposisi jenis amfibi, pemilihan mikrohabitat oleh amfibi, dan pola penyebaran amfibi. Pengukuran mikrohabitat dilakukan untuk mendapatkan data mengenai kecepatan arus, kedalaman sungai, tutupan kanopi, lebar sungai, dan jenis substrat. Hasil penelitian menemukan 490 ekor katak dari 15 jenis amfibi tergolong dalam empat famili. Limnonectes cf modestus merupakan jenis yang selalu ditemukan di semua sungai dengan kelimpahan tertinggi (519 individu/ha) di hutan sekunder. Habitat sungai di hutan primer dan hutan sekunder memiliki kesamaan komunitas amfibi paling tinggi (86.6%), sedangkan komunitas amfibi pada sungai di kebun tebu paling berbeda dengan sungai lainnya. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa jenis amfibi cenderung memilih kondisi mikro habitat tertentu, seperti Fejervarya limnocharis sangat erat hubungannya dengan kondisi sungai yang sangat lebar dengan tutupan kanopi terbuka. Amfibi di sungai umumnya menyebar secara mengelompok.
Keyword: komposisi jenis amfibi, mikrohabitat, pola penyebaran

Judul: Keanekaragaman Jenis dan Sebaran Spasial Amfibi di Suaka Margasatwa Nantu Gorontalo dan Sekitarnya
Abstrak: Nantu Wildlife Reserve area is one of tropical remnant forest in Sulawesi, a part of Wallaceae bioregion. Nantu Wildlife Reserve was established especially to conserve babirusa, and therefore amphibians data is not available yet. Objectives of the research were to identify types of habitat and species diversity of amphibians in Nantu Wildlife Reserve and its surrounding areas. Data were collected on 14th to 27th of June 2013. Observations were made at seven locations focusing on the east area of the Nantu Wildlife Reserve. Species data were collected using Visual Encountering Survey (VES) combined with Time Search methods. During observation, 4 families were found consisted of 17 species. A map of the spatial distribution of amphibians showed that there was species composition differences among four types of habitats (fields, gardens, low disturbed forest, undisturbed forest). Family of Dicroglossidae was the most common family. There was a clear distinction composition of amphibians between the of amphibians in forest areas with areas that have been cultivated/disturbed by humans.
Keyword: Sulawesi, Nantu Wildlife Reserve, diversity, amphibian

Judul: Characteristic of chili drying (Capsicum annum L.) as a natural dyeing cosmetic
Abstrak: Chilli (Capsicum sp.) contains carotenoids, which are a group of natural pigments consist of red, orange or yellow color. Carotenoids can be dissolved in lipid so that they can be applied to oil-based cosmetic ingredients. Therefore, chilli is potential to be developed as cosmetic colorants. However, pungency of red chili needs to be removed because it is irritating and it provides stinging sensation to skin. Red chilli was investigated as a potent material for a cosmetic colourant in this research because it has a nice uniform red color and has a pungency level less than cayenne pepper. The purpose of this research was to investigate the influence of blanching on drying characteristics of red chilli using a tray dryer, determine the proper time of chili blanching in sodium bisulfite solution, examine color changes stability of red chili powder as a cosmetic dye, and analyze the effect of oleoresin extraction on color and pungency level of red chili powder. The results showed that blanching could affect the drying characteristics. Blanching the chilli for 9 minutes prior drying could speed up the drying rate of chilli and thus the drying time, therefore, the chilli achieved the desired moisture content fast. Sodium bisulfite solution of 0.2%, used as the blanching media, could maintain the color well. However, longer time of blanching might cause several pigments soluble in the blanching media. Blanching the chilli for 9 minutes was able to maintain red color after the stability tested and after extraction of oleoresin. Therefore, blanching red chilli in a solution of 0.2% sodium bisulfite for 9 minutes prior drying is concluded as the best treatment to retain the color of red chilli powder
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