Judul: Persamaan Alometrik Biomassa dan Massa Karbon Akar Pohon Jati (Tectona grandis Linn f.) di KPH Balapulang, Kabupaten Tegal, Jawa Tengah
Abstrak: Global warming isa phenomenon where the global temperature is increasing due to the green house effect (GHE) resulted from the increase in GHE emission in the atmosphere. Forests play an important role in climate change issues, especially for absorbing CO2 gas from the atmosphere. Tectona grandis Linn. f, known as jati (teak) in Indonesia, is the kind of wood which economically has a high value and is in high demand. Teak is mostly grown on Java Island; therefore, it is necessary to find out the biomass and carbon mass. The carbon is stored in the stem, branch, twig, leaf, and root. Out of the five parts, the hardest is to estimate biomass and carbon mass in root because it is located in the ground and has unreachable root branches, so that it takes a longer time and much money to count biomass and carbon mass in root. After learning the relation model of alometric equation of biomass and carbon mass in root, it is expected that the model can be used to estimate biomass and carbon mass in a tree without having to dig the root. The equation models of alometric biomass in teak root in this study showed that: the relation between root biomass and total tree biomass above ground was BA= 0,221BT0,936, the relation between root biomass and stem biomass was BA= 0,489BU0,842, and the relation between root biomass and the biomass of branch and twig was BA=1,448BC1,21, therelation between root biomass and leaf biomass was BA= 5,977BD1,25. The equation models of alometric carbon mass in teak root in relation with the carbon mass in the tree parts were as follows: root carbon mass and total tree carbon mass above ground was MA= 0,2033MT0,947, root carbon mass and stem carbon mass was MA= 0,430MB0,853, root carbon mass and the carbon mass of branch and twig was MA= 1,448MC1,22, and root carbon mass and leaf carbon mass was MA= 5,977MD1,28. Based on the models, the best model for estimating teak root biomass was BA= 0,221BT0,936 and the best model for estimating the carbon mass of teak root was MA= 0,2033MT0,947.
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Judul: Persamaan Alometrik Biomassa dan Massa Karbon Pohon Jati (Tectona grandis Linn. f.) (KPH Balapulang, Perum Perhutani Unit I, Jawa Tengah).
Abstrak: The forest contribute to reduce greenhouse gases (GHG) that become trigger global climate change by binding the CO2 gas in the atmosphere. In the climate change convention entitled Conference of the Parties held in 1997, Kyoto Protocol was declared. One of the contents of this protocol is used by the developed countries as the basis to finance low-pollution project in developing countries. Calculating the forest carbon mass using allometric equations of biomasss and carbon mass is still rarely done, therefore the research is needed to gain further information. The Teak tree (Tectona grandis Linn. f.) is known as a high-quality commercial wood and it is widely planted in Java Island. This research was conducted at KPH Balapulang, Perum Perhutani’s Unit I, Central Java. The objective of this research is to get allometric equation of biomass and carbon mass for Teak tree (Tectona grandis Linn. f.). Selection of sample trees in each age class was conducted by purposive sampling, ranging from age class 1 to age class 5. Laboratory test were conducted to determine the carbon content in each part of the tree. Best equation was selected conducted using allometric regression based on the highest R2(adj), (real level) p <0,05, Fcount > Ftable and smallest standard deviation (s). The results of the this study showed the differences of the carbon content in various parts of the tree (trunk, branches, twigs, leaves, and roots). Allometric equations selected for biomass Teak tree (Tectona grandis Linn. f.) is B = 0,1383 D2,45 and allometric equation selected for Teak tree carbon mass is M = 0,0933 D2,44.
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Judul: Durability of Specific Immunoglobulin (Ig) Y Againts Influenza and Covid-19 in Sunscreen
Abstrak: The benefit of specific immunoglobulin Y (Ig Y) as an active ingredient in personal care products such as sunscreen has not been properly studied. Our study aims to evaluate the reliability of specific IgY against influenza and the COVID-19 virus in a sample sunscreen product. Specific IgY influenza and COVID-19 viruses were inserted in the sample sunscreen at two concentrations of 0.1% and 0.25%. Three treatments were observed: control (C) sunscreen without IgY, treatment 1 (T1) sunscreen with 0.1% IgY, and treatment 2 (T2) sunscreen with 0.25% IgY. Organoleptic observations were carried out to monitor changes in aroma, color, and texture, and sunscreen sampling was done every week for 6 weeks. The durability of IgY was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a neutralization assay. Organoleptic observation from weeks 1 to 6 showed consistency in its aroma, color, and texture. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization assay (NA) results of the T1 and T2 groups showed negative results except for sample T1 at week 5, which showed a positive result in the Influenza A ELISA. Based on the results, it seems that IgY concentrations of 0.1% or 0.25% were not optimal. However, this negative result might be due to low concentration of the IgY and the presence of beeswax, which inhibits IgY and causes it to dissolve in distilled water, thus preventing it from being detected in the assay.
Keyword: Immunoglobulin Y, Sunscreen, Influenza, COVID-19, Biological Activity