Judul: Optimasi Penghambatan Pengendapan Jus Jambu Biji Merah dengan Metode Sonikasi
Abstrak: The guava juice is one kind of beverage product and has benefit as antioxidant. It was found that precipitation still happens to this product on marketplace which consumers are less preferable of precipitation guava juice. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the quality of the guava juice in order to inhibit precipitation. The aim of this research are to identify the effect of sonication time and amplitude ultrasonic wave to the stability of guava juice. Moreover, the purpose of this study is to identify the acceptances of panelist toward product sample applied by best combined of sonication time and amplitude value. Based on the research, the most optimum result determined was amplitude of 23% and sonication time of 50 minute where average particle size of guava juice was 298.48 nm with sonication and 311.78 nm without sonication. The application of sonication on guava juice is not recommended because the result of size particle is not much different. Based on organoleptic test, texture and appearance of guava juice by sonication were not different significantly with any sample without sonication, whereas for the parameter texture was different significantly. Suspension stability test results showed that samples with sonication treatment were better than samples without sonication.
Keyword: particle size, optimal, sonication, precipitation, guava juice

Judul: Optimasi Penghambatan Pengendapan Sari Kacang Kedelai dengan Metode Sonikasi
Abstrak: Precipitation occurred in soymilk products were caused by large size particles. Particle size reduction was done by sonication method with ultrasonic waves. The aim of this research are to get condition optimum of sonication time and amplitude with ultrasonic waves to get the effectiveness of particle size soymilk for stability emulsion and to identify the acceptance of soymilk by panelists. There are two factors studied, sonication time and amplitude of the ultrasonic waves. Based on the research, optimum condition when sonication time was 23 minutes and amplitude was 33%. Particle size in that condition was 347.29 nm, where the stability of soymilk was good because precipitation does not occurs during storage. Based on organoleptic test, taste and texture of soymilk with sonication were not different significantly with soymilk without sonication, and was different significantly for appearance.
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Judul: Theileriosis pada domba dan kambing akibat infeksi theileria ovis dan theileria hirci
Abstrak: Theileriosis adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan Boleh protozoa dari genus Theileria dan ditularkan melalui vektor caplak. Theileria ovis dan Theileria hirci pernah dimasukkan dalam genus Gonderia sehingga penyakit yang disebabkan oleh penyakit ini mempunyai beberapa nama diantaranya Benign Ovine and Caprine Gonderiosis atau Benign Ovine and Caprine Theileriosis (disebabkan oleh infeksi Theile- ria ovis). Sedang yang disebabkan oleh infeksi Theileria hirci diberi nama Malignant Ovine and Caprine Gonderiosis Malignant Ovine and Caprine Theileriosis (Levine, 1961). Soulsby (1982) dan Jensen (1983), memasukkan Theileria hirci dan Theileria ovis dalam genus Theileria, famili Theileriidae, ordo Piroplasmida, subklas Piroplasmia dan dalam kelas Sporozoa. Menurut hasil pemeriksaan theileriosis pada domba dan kambing di Indonesia periode 1 April 1981 sampai 31 Maret 1982 di Propinsi Sumatera Barat di Daerah Tingkat II Pasaman Kecamatan Talamun ditemukan pada 2 ekor kambing kacang, Kecamatan Sungai Beremas ditemukan pada 3 ekor kambing kacang dan di Daerah Tingkat II Padang Pariaman, Kecamatan Pariaman ditemukan pada 1 ekor kambing kacang (Informasi Keswan, 1982). Daerah penyebaran Theileria ovis yang pernah dilapor- kan adalah Afrika Tengah, Afrika Barat, Afrika Timur, Afrika Selatan, Perancis, Jerman, Hongaria, Sardinia dan diduga India. Sedangkan penyebaran Theileria hirci meli- puti Afrika Utara, Eropa Selatan, Irak dan Turki. Bentuk Theileria ovis dan Theileria hirci pada domba dan kambing dalam eritrosit disebut piroplasma dan bentuk dalam limfosit disebut Koch bodies atau skizon. Bentuk dalam vektor caplak adalah zigot dan kinet. Di dalam eritrosit parasit ini mempunyai beberapa macam bentuk yaitu, bentuk bulat, oval, batang, bentuk buah pir atau koma dan bentuk seperti anaplasma. Bentuk dalam limfosit berupa skizon yang terdiri dari makroskizon dan mikroskizon. Penularan Theileria ovis dan Theileria hirci dari hewan satu ke hewan lain secara alam dilakukan oleh vektor caplak secara stage to stage. Vektor dari Theileria ovis adalah caplak dari genus Rhipicephalus, Dermacentor, Hae- mophysalis dan Ornithodorus. Sedangkan vektor dari Thei- leria hirci yaitu caplak dari genus Rhipicephalus dan di- duga Ornithodorus. Penularan secara buatan dapat dilakukan dengan cara mekanik (penyuntikan dengan aplikasi intravena, subkutan dan intraperitoneal)…dst
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