Judul: Model interval type-2 Fuzzy set untuk scoring pembiayaan syariah: analisis dan desain
Abstrak: Credit scoring system is a classic problem containing uncertainty in measuring default status. Current existing studies tend to assume credit scoring as credit feasibility analysis. Based on Sharia rules, credit scoring system (in Syariah called as financing) should be able to accommodate all processes on financing contract, mainly in scoring performance fulfillment. As a different to the conventional banks, in practice Islamic banks must comply with the Sharia rules. According to the principle in ushul fiqh, the basic law of muamalah is allowed as long as no argument against it. Therefore, in the implementation of financing scoring system, Islamic Bank is enforced to adopt the model that used by conventional banks that have been modified according to Sharia rules based on relevant verses and hadiths. This study has two main objectives: (1) to build the business processes models of Sharia financing scoring in scoring process of default status and fines calculation, and (2) to develop a mechanism and algorithm for scoring of default status and fines calculation on Sharia financing scoring by using Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Sets models. Currently, there are no crisp rules in Sharia financing scoring model which lead to subjective judgments. In the subjective judgements, words could mean different things to different people. Thus this study deployed the Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Set model to support the subjective judgments in maintaining Sharia rules. In this study, the business processes were modeled in BPMN version 2.0. Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Set model was used for scoring default status computation. This study used sum of delay time and installment value as variables for that scoring. Those variables were mapped in linguistic value. This study built the membership function for each variable by aggregating expert’s judgments in overlapping interval value. Then this membership function was used to activate a subset of rules by computing the firing interval. After that the type of firing interval results was reduced by using Karnik and Mendel algorithm. Then the defuzzification procedure was done to obtain the score in interval of [0,100]. In obtaining the risk value, this study used the first period of late as a weight to the scoring result. Finally, this risk value was used for real lost computation which is fair and compliance to Sharia rules for computing the fines value. In this study, the real lost value was obtained by computing based on the risk value, the value of bad debt expense, and the weighted average of each customer’s installment. Beside that this research proposed fairnesss computation by comparing the fines value to the installment value. In the conventional method, the fairness value will be in the interval [- ∞, 0, 1], while in the Islamic method the fairnesss value should be in the interval of [0, 1]. Based on the evaluation results, the proposed method produced the fairness values in the interval of [0, 1]. The results showed that the proposed method was fair and compliance to Sharia rules.
Keyword: BPMN, default status, fines calculation, interval type-2 fuzzy sets, Islamic Bank, Sharia financing scoring

Judul: Sharia-based Micro Investment Modeling Using Profit Loss Sharing Model
Abstrak: Investasi merupakan aktivitas ekonomi yang sering dilakukan untuk mendapatkan keuntungan. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan memberikan pinjaman kepada individu atau kelompok yang membutuhkan dana. Peminjam membutuhkan modal untuk membangun usahanya, sedangkan pemberi pinjaman menginvestasikan uangnya kepada peminjam dengan bunga sebagai keuntungannya. Akan tetapi, praktik bunga ini sering kali merugikan salah satu pihak, yaitu pedagang dengan laba harian yang kecil. Oleh karena itu, investasi syariah menghadirkan praktik investasi pinjaman yang lebih adil bagi kedua belah pihak. Dengan konsep bagi hasil yang ditawarkan, pedagang dengan laba harian kecil bisa mendapatkan keuntungan tanpa khawatir dirugikan. Dalam penelitian ini, model bunga atau rentenir dan model bagi hasil atau Profit Loss Sharing (PLS) diterapkan dalam suatu transaksi pinjaman antara pedagang dan investor, dengan nilai bunga dan porsi bagi hasil yang beragam dan besar pinjaman beragam pula. Selanjutnya dari masing-masing model, dilakukan penghitungan return yang didapatkan oleh investor dan pedagang lalu dibandingkan hasilnya. Hasil yang didapat menyatakan bahwa model PLS lebih aman bagi pedagang dibandingkan dengan model rentenir., Investment is a common economic transaction for gaining profit. Issuing loans to individuals or groups who need funds is one of the ways to invest. Lender, as the investor, will acquire profit from their investment in the form of interest on the loan from the borrower. However, this interest model is a burden for the borrower, especially traders with very low daily profit. Thus, a fair way of investing for both investor and borrower such as sharia investment is considered. This investment model is based on the concept of Profit Loss Sharing (PLS), which enables traders to access the capital they need without having to endure the excessive risks of loan. In this study, investment modelling is established for the interest model (loan shark model) and the PLS model with various interest and profit sharing portions and various credit sizes. The calculation of return of both models for the investor and borrower are performed and then compared. The result shows that the PLS model is safer for the traders than the loan shark model.
Keyword: Sharia Investment, Profit Loss Sharing Model, Loan Shark Model

Judul: Trichomonas Gallinae Penyebab Trichomonosis Pada Unggas
Abstrak: Trichomonas gallinae adalah protozoa yang bergerak aktof dengan keempat flagella yang mempunyai layar dan pada salah satu sisinya terdapat membran seperti sirip ikan yang berombak. Spesies dari genus Trichomonas ini mempunyai arti penting pada unggas, karena dapat menyebabkan infeksi pada alat pencernaan bagian atas.
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