Judul: Analisis konsistensi pola genetik empat generasi manggis (garcinia mangostana l.) berdasarkan marka ISSR
Abstrak: Mangosteen reproduces trough apomixes mechanism, from which the seed develops without fertilization. Mangosteen is an obligate apomicts and it is believed that all of its progenies may have the same genotype as their mother plant. However it was found that genetic variations occurred among mangosteen accessions. This research is aimed to study pattern of morphology variations, genetic consistency among generations and genetic variations in single plant. The study was carried out at Center for Tropical Fruit Studies (PKBT) during February – September 2009. The plant materials used four generations (P1, P2, P3, and P4) of mangosteen were taken from Wanayasa, Purwakarta according to tree height and sector (north, east, west, and west). There are three analysis: morphology, molecular by ISSR, and data. Genetic observations were conducted by using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) technique. Ten primers were used to amplify the genomic DNA of mangosteen. The levels of polymorphism as revealed ISSR were 70.21%. It was found that genetic and morphology variations occurred among tree of different age. Morphology variations was bigger than genetic variations among mother plant. Genetic variation also was occurred within single plant, among progenies, and between progeni and mother plant. This information may be useful to determine of optimum age of mangosteen for becoming mother plant.
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Judul: Genetic structure of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.). based on morphology and molecular markers
Abstrak: Pengetahuan tentang variabilitas genetik manggis penting untuk program pemuliaan dan sebagai dasar bagi perbaikan tanaman serta peningkatan daya saing. Manggis dikenal sebagai tanaman buah tropika yang mempunyai mekasisme reproduksi secara apomiksis dengan variasi genetik yang sempit. Penelitian tentang variasi genetik pada manggis sudah cukup banyak dilakukan namun belum terverifikasi dengan baik. Informasi tentang struktur genetik serta hubungan antara keragaman morfologi dan genetik belum tersedia. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan serangkaian kegiatan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk: 1). Mempelajari variasi genetik manggis pada tingkat individu berdasarkan karakter morfologi dan molekuler, 2). Mempelajari hubungan antara variasi morfologi dan genetik, dan 3). Mengungkap struktur genetik empat populasi manggis Indonesia berbasis marka molekuler. Kombinasi antara pendekatan morfologi dengan teknik analisis DNA memegang peranan penting dalam studi keragaman dan identifikasi varietas manggis. Pendekatan ini dapat meningkatkan akurasi dan mempersingkat waktu penelitian. Sebelas marka Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) digunakan untuk mengetahui variasi genetik 22 individu manggis dari berbagai wilayah Sumatera. Hubungan antara karakter morfologi dan molekuler dipelajari menggunakan 33 aksesi manggis yang berasal dari Leuwiliang (Bogor-Jawa Barat), Kiara Pedes (Purwakarta-Jawa Barat), dan Pulau Palas (Tembilahan-Riau). Pengamatan morfologi difokuskan pada 10 karakter buah, dan analisis molekuler dilakukan dengan menggunakan 8 primer RAPD dan 5 primer ISSR. Struktur genetik populasi dipelajari dengan menggunakan 106 sampel tanaman manggis dari empat populasi manggis di Indonesia yaitu Purwakarta (Jawa Barat), Kerinci (Jambi), Tembilahan (Riau) dan Bulukumba (Sulawesi Selatan). Data morfologi dianalisis dengan metode Kruskal Wallis. Pengelompokan berdasarkan morfologi, molekuler dan gabungan morfologi dan mplekuler dianalisis dengan program NTSYSpc 2.1. Struktur genetik populasi dianalisis menggunakan program GenAlex 6.2.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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