Judul: Rice Bran Stabilization and y-Orizanol Content of two Local Paddy Varieties "IR 64" and "Cisadane Muncul"
Abstrak: An auioclaving procedure was developed to produce stable rice bran frcvn two local paddy varieties IR 64 and Cisadane Muncul. The stable rice bran showed no significant increase in free fetty acid content for 144 hours at 37OC. In the optimum wet heating process, rice bran was heated at 121 4: and held for 3 minutes before cooling for both varieties. Stable rice bran contained 3.8 % moisture and the content of tofd tocophem1 was nd much changed by heating process, i.e., 209.8 mg'100 g rice bran oil and 279.8 for control (without heating process) of IR 64 vanety and 227.4 mg'100 g rice bm oil and 248.8 for control of Cisedane Muncul variety, mpect~ely.T he content of y-oryzanol van'ed and was depended on the degree of milling ranged from 39.1 to 147.7 mg'100 g rice bran oil for both of IR 64 and Cisadane Muncul rice varieties. The content of soluble dietery h r varied md was depended on the degree of milling which ranged from 3.56 to 8.76 % for both of IR 64 and Cisadane Muncul rice van'eties. The content of insduble detery tiber van'ed and was depended on the degree of millng which ranged horn 15.00 to 25.38 % for both of IR 64 and Cisadme Muncul rice v8riefies.
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Judul: Stabilisasi Bekatul dan Penerapannya pada Beras Analog
Abstrak: Indonesian rice consumption is one of the largest one in the world. This condition has raised concern to from the government. They issued Presidential Decree No. 22 in 2009 aims accelerate food diversification progam based on local resources. The development of analog rice can be one alternative to support food diversification program. Extrusion technology is used in manufacturing process of analog rice. This technology enables to formulate rice with various compositions and also makes product preparation and development easier. Corn flour, sago, soy flour, and rice bran are local resources used for analog rice. Corn flour, soy flour, and sago were used because these raw materials have been very common for Indonesian society, therefore analog rice resulted in this study was expected to be easily accepted in Indonesia. Corn flour was used because it has higher dietary fiber than wheat. Soy flour was used as a source of protein. The presence of protein increases the nutritional value and improves the texture of the analog rice. Other raw material of analog rice is sago. Sago is one of the primary food in East Indonesia. Rice bran contains high dietary fiber and has good antioxidant activity. Rice bran contains tocopherol (vitamin E), tocotrienols and oryzanol that have antioxidant capacity. Rice bran also has low glycemic index. Rice bran is a by-product of rice mill. It is a thin layer covering the rice seeds after husk removal. Rice bran must be stabilized immediately upon production to protect it from lipase activity, which can reduce quality of the rice bran by stimulating off flavor formation. Many methods have been developed to deactivate the lipase in rice bran. However, those methods are difficult to operate and they require a lot of energy so that less suitable for small rice milling unit. Therefore in this study, we developed another stabilization method by using single screw conveyor. The initial study was undertaken to determine the effects of stabilization treatment by using a single screw conveyor to the content of free fatty acids and bioactive components (α-tocopherol and ϒ-oryzanol) of rice bran. The treatments used were A100 (screw speed of 15 Hz, 100 °C), A120 (screw speed of 15 Hz, 120 °C), A140 (screw speed of 15 Hz, 140 °C), B100 (screw speed of 25 Hz, 100 °C), B120 (screw speed of 25 Hz, 120 °C), and B140 (screw speed of 25 Hz, 140 °C). It was shown that rice bran stabilization by using screw conveyor was able to significantly suppress an increase of FFA content of stabilized rice bran as compared to control (unstabilized one). Particularly, A120 was the best treatment for preventing rancidity (FFA content <10%) with a minimum decrease in α-tocopherol and γ-oryzanol content. It can be concluded that single screw conveyor is potential to be used in small-medium scale rice milling unit to produce rice bran with better self-life, while the nutrition content can be preserved. 6 The stabilized rice bran obtained from the most optimum condition was used in analog rice formulation using Mixture Design in Design Expert program (DX7). Mixture Design in the Design
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Judul: Organisasi kerja dalam penyelenggaraan taman
Abstrak: Manusia (Homo sapiens) seperti halnya makhluk hidup yang lainnya membutuhkan tempat yang ideal untuk kelangsungan hidupnya. Dan untuk itu bukan saja materi yang dibutuhkan, akan tetapi kebutuhan rohani sudah selayaknya pula dipenuhi. Taman adalah suatu susunan massa di dalam suatu susunan ruang terbuka, untuk melengkapi lingkungan hidup agar diperoleh lingkungan hidup yang ideal. Pada kebanyakkan orang ada pendapat bahwa taman adalah suatu kebutuhan rohani yang terlalu mahal, lebih-lebih di kota-kota besar dimana sebagian penduduknya tidak mempunyai halaman rumah untuk dijadikan taman. Padahal tidaklah selalu demikian. Susunan dari pot bunga-bungaaan yang tersusun indah pada dinding rumah dapat merupakan sebuah taman yang sederhana yang membutuhkan ruang relatif sempit. Untuk taman-taman yang membutuhkan ruang relatif sempit atau taman-taman dalam sekala kecil, acapkali si pemakai sekaligus bertindak sebagai perancang dan pelaksana. Akan tetapi tidak begitu halnya pada taman-taman yang bersekala besar, baik itu berupa taman rumah tinggal yang berhalaman luas ataupun pada tingkat yang lebih besar lagi seperti Taman Mini Indonesia Indah dan Taman Nasional. Pada taman yang demikian itu jumlah manusia yang terlibat di dalam penyelenggaraannya lebih banyak. Bahkan mereka dapat berasal dari instansi-instansi yang berbeda yang bekerja sama sehingga terciptalah taman yang sesuai dengan keinginan si pemakai.
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