Judul: Hubungan Kecerdasan Anak Dengan Cuaca Selama Periode Kehamilan (Studi Kasus: SD Labschool UPI Bandung Dan SD Islam Al Azhar 1 Jakarta).
Abstrak: Suhu berpengaruh terhadap fisiologi tubuh manusia dengan memberikan stimulus pada waktu konsepsi atau 3 bulan kemudian. Stimulus yang terjadi dapat berpengaruh terhadap intelegensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi pengaruh cuaca selama periode kehamilan terhadap kecerdasan anak (intelegensi) siswa SD. Data yang digunakan adalah data nilai IQ dan data parameter-parameter iklim. Penelitian dilakukan dengan melihat sebaran statistik data IQ musiman (DJF, MAM, JJA, SON), menganalisis keeratan hubungan antara suhu udara dan curah hujan dengan nilai IQ, dan melihat tren hubungan antara unsur-unsur cuaca dan skor IQ. Hasil sebaran statistik menunjukkan siswa di SD Islam Al Azhar 1 Jakarta memiliki skor IQ yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan siswa di SD Labschool UPI Bandung. Skor IQ rata-rata terendah dalam periode musiman, dan 10% skor IQ terendah didapatkan pada periode kelahiran musim MAM. Skor IQ 5% tertinggi, di kedua lokasi didapatkan pada periode musim JJA, yang menggambarkan bahwa kelompok dengan IQ tertinggi didapati pada siswa yang lahir di periode musim JJA. Hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan korelasi nyata antara beberapa unsur cuaca dengan IQ, terutama suhu minimum rata-rata, bukan pada periode 3 bulan kehamilan tetapi dalam periode 9 bulan masa kehamilan. Akan tetapi unsur-unsur cuaca saja belum memadai untuk menggambarkan keragaman nilai skor IQ di kedua lokasi penelitian. Selain suhu minimum ratarata, intensitas hujan juga memiliki korelasi negatif di Bandung, jika suhu minimum rata-rata dan intensitas hujan tinggi maka skor IQ rendah.
Keyword: intelegensi, kehamilan, periode kehamilan, suhu udara

Judul: Analysis of Weather during the Pregnancy Period and Its Effect on Children's Cognitive Abilities
Abstrak: Beberapa penelitian di wilayah subtropis menunjukkan hubungan faktor cuaca dengan kecerdasan. Kelompok etnis pada iklim yang lebih dingin mendapatkan skor tes kecerdasan lebih tinggi daripada kelompok etnis pada iklim yang lebih hangat. Perbedaan karakteristik wilayah tropis dan subtropis menjadi alasan perlu dilakukannya penelitian untuk mengetahui korelasi antara cuaca dengan kecerdasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh cuaca selama periode kehamilan ibu terhadap kemampuan kognitif anak di wilayah dengan karakteristik iklim yang berbeda. Penelitian dilakukan dengan observasi langsung untuk mengetahui Indeks Kemampuan Kognitif (IKK) anak dan wawancara terhadap orang tua untuk mengetaui karakteristik keluarga. Wilayah yang menjadi fokus kajian pada penelitian ini adalah Kecamatan Rumpin Bogor, Kecamatan Takokak Cianjur dan Kecamatan Pamanukan Subang. Analisis korelasi digunakan untuk mencari hubungan antara cuaca selama periode kehamilan dengan kemampuan kognitif anak. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, cuaca selama periode kehamilan menunjukkan pengaruh pada IKK anak, meskipun tidak konsisten pada skala temporal maupun spasial. Diperoleh hasil dari Pamanukan Subang dan Takokak Cianjur, bahwa stres panas dan stres dingin dari kombinasi kondisi suhu dan kelembaban udara saat kehamilan menyebabkan IKK anak cenderung rendah. Pemilihan lokasi dan waktu pengambilan sampel belum dapat menekan pengaruh faktor sosial ekonomi keluarga sehingga cuaca berkorelasi lebih rendah daripada faktor karakteristik sosial ekonomi keluarga. Faktor karakteristik keluarga yang berkorelasi paling tinggi terhadap skor IKK anak adalah tingkat pendidikan ibu., Several studies in subtropical regions show a relationship between weather factors and intelligence. Ethnic groups in colder climates score higher on intelligence tests than ethnic groups in warmer climates. The different characteristics of tropical and subtropical regions is the reason for research to determine the correlation between weather and intelligence. This study aims to identify the effect of weather during the mother's pregnancy period on children's cognitive abilities in areas with different climatic characteristics. The research was conducted by direct observation to determine children's cognitive abilities and interviews with children's parents to determine family characteristics. The areas that were the focus of the study were Pamanukan Subang, Rumpin Bogor and Takokak Cianjur. Correlation analysis is used to find the relationship between weather during pregnancy and children's cognitive abilities. Based on the results of the study, the weather during the pregnacy period showed an influence on the children's cognitive abilities (IKK), although it was not consistent on a temporal or spatial scale. The results obtained from Pamanukan Subang and Takokak Cianjur, that heat stress and cold stress from the combination of temperature and humidity conditions during pregnancy cause children’s IKK to tend to be low. The choice of location and time of sampling has not been able to ignore the influence of family socio-economic factors so that the weather has a lower correlation than the family socio-economic factors. The family aocio-economic factors that has the highest correlation with the children's IKK score is the mother's education level.
Keyword: children’s cognitive ability, family characteristic, heat stress index, pregnancy, weather

Judul: Heterologous Expression Of Endo-Β-Xylanase From Bacillus Pumilus Strain Bcrs-01 In Escherichia Coli.
Abstrak: Xylanases are glycoside hydrolase family 11 which depolymerise xylan in the plant cell wall, the most excessive form of hemicellulose. Endo-β-xylanases (EC 3.2.1.8) are most important to breakdown β-1,4-glicoside bond of xylan to produce disaccaride xyloolygosaccaride (XOs) and xylose (monomer). Bovine rumen fluids have potential to obtain endo-β-xylanase produced of bacteria. The objectives of this study were to obtain xylanase producing bacteria and to express xynA gene encoding endo-β-xylanase from bacterium in Escherichia coli. Twenty nine isolate bacteria have been succesfully isolated from bovine rumen fluid in agar medium containing birchwood xylan. Isolate BCRS-01 bacterium was previously screened for the high production of xylanase. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, BCRS-01 showed high similarity (99%) to Bacillus pumilus (accession number NR043241). The crude xylanase had optimal activity at 55oC, pH 7.0. Furthermore, the crude xylanase exhibited broad pH stability from 4.0 to 10.0 and remained more than 60% and 40% of its activity after incubation at pH 4.0 until 10.0, respectively for 60 min. It also showed a stability at temperature 25-50oC since it retained 80% and 50% of its activity when incubated at 50oC or 30 and 60 min, respectively. The xylanase activity was strongly inhibited by Ca2+ and Cu2+ at concentration 10 mM, and as little as 1 mM for Mn2+. Therefore, this xylanase has potentially used as additive feeds in animal feed industry. The DNA sequence xynA gene encoded endo-β-xylanase was amplified and cloned into the expression vector pET-15by under the control of T7 promoter. The recombinant protein had succesfully expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS. A protein recombinant of approximately, 26.7 kDa was observed on the SDS-PAGE analysis. Crude extract of recombinant endo-β-xylanase demonstrated activity of enzyme at 56 U mL-1 using birchwood xylan as a substrate at 55oC for 10 min.
Keyword: Bacillus pumilus, bovine rumen fluid, endo-β-xylanase, heterologous expression.