Judul: Analysis of the Influence of Information and Communication Technology Development Index on Economic Growth and Provincial Unemployment in Indonesia
Abstrak: Perkembangan TIK dapat menjadi salah satu faktor dalam mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi dan mengurangi tingkat pengangguran. Perkembangan TIK Indonesia masih menempati urutan ke-6 dari 9 negara ASEAN lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi TIK, serta menganalisis pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pengangguran di Indonesia dengan metode analisis regresi data panel. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa Papua adalah provinsi dengan subindeks akses-infrastukrur, subindeks penggunaan, dan subindeks keahlian yang rendah. Sedangkan, DKI Jakarta dan DI Yogyakarta adalah provinsi dengan subindeks akses-infrastruktur, subindeks penggunaan dan subindeks keahlian yang tinggi. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi adalah subindeks akses-infrastruktur, subindeks penggunan, penanaman modal dalam negeri dan penanaman modal asing. Sementara yang berpengaruh signifikan menurunkan tingkat pengangguran adalah subindeks akses-infrastruktur, subindeks keahlian, partisipasi angkatan kerja, dan upah minimum., The development of ICT can be a factor in supporting economic growth and reducing the unemployment rate. Indonesia's ICT development still ranks 6th out of 9 other ASEAN countries. This research aims to determine the condition of ICT, as well as analyze its influence on economic growth and unemployment in Indonesia using panel data regression analysis methods. The results show that Papua is a province with a low infrastructure-access sub-index, usage sub-index and skills sub-index. Meanwhile, DKI Jakarta and DI Yogyakarta are provinces with high infrastructure-access sub-indexes, usage sub-indexes and skills sub-indexes. The results of the regression analysis show that the factors that have a significant effect on increasing economic growth are the infrastructure-access sub-index, usage subindex, domestic investment and foreign investment. Meanwhile, those that have a significant effect on reducing the unemployment rate are the infrastructure-access subindex, skills subindex, labor force participation and minimum wage.
Keyword: pengangguran, pertumbuhan ekonomi, TIK

Judul: The Impact of the Use of ICT on Economic Growth in Indonesia
Abstrak: Pembangunan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) semakin pesat dan pemerintah akan memanfaatkannya sebagai sumber pertumbuhan ekonomi utama di masa depan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur dampak pembangunan TIK terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia secara keseluruhan dan membandingkannya antara Indonesia bagian barat dan Indonesia bagian timur. Variabel independen utama yang digunakan, yaitu subindeks akses-infrastruktur TIK, subindeks penggunaan TIK, serta subindeks keahlian TIK. PDRB digunakan sebagai variabel dependen. Data terdiri dari 33 provinsi sepanjang tahun 2012 – 2021. REM menjadi pilihan terbaik untuk ketiga model. Berdasarakan hasil model pertama sisi akses-infrastruktur dan penggunaan TIK berdampak positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Sementara itu, hasil model kedua dan ketiga menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia bagian timur merasakan dampak lebih besar untuk sisi akses-infrastruktur. Sedangkan, pada sisi penggunaan hanya Indonesia bagian barat saja yang berdampak positif., The developing of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is growing rapidly in Indonesia. Government will make it as a main source engine for economic growth in the future. The objectives of this reaserch are to analyse the impact of ICT on economic growth in general and regarding two regions of Indonesia, east and west. The main independent variables are sub-index of ICT access-infrastructure, sub-index of ICT use, and sub-index of ICT ability. On the other hand, RGDP is the dependent variable. The data consists of time series range from 2012 until 2021 and 33 provinces as cross sections. Random effects are the best choice for all models. The result of the first model shows that the ICT access-infrastructure and the ICT use give positive impact on economic growth. For the second and the third models show that the ICT access-infrastructure gives bigger impact in eastern Indonesia than western Indonesia. However, western Indonesia experiences positive impact of ICT use while eastern Indonesia does not.
Keyword: Akses-infrastruktur, Keahlian, Penggunaan, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, TIK

Judul: Sintesis Flavonol melalui 2’-Hidroksikalkon
Abstrak: Flavonol is a class of flavonoids commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Flavonol is very useful, especially in food sector and health. In this study, flavonol unsubstituted was successfully synthesized from an intermediate material 2’-hydroxychalcone. The 2’-hydroxychalcone was synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation method between o-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde using 4 different catalysts, namely KOH 60%, solid pellet of KOH-grinding technique, BF3-Et2O, and NaH in DMF. The KOH 60% was the best catalyst, giving the highest yield (57%). Afterward, the flavonol was synthesized in 1-stage oxidation cyclization of o-hydroxyacetophenone using Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction, giving 76%. The flavonol total yield from 2’-hydroxychalcone was 43%. All synthesized products were characterized by their melting points and their spectra. The success of the synthesis flavonol opens the way to synthesis of useful flavonol derivatives such as quercetin and kaempferol.
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