Judul: Conformity Analysis of Quality Parameters for Sargassum sp. Seaweed Salt Residue Body Scrub Products against the Quality Standards of National Agency of Drug and Food Control
Abstrak: Krim lulur diperlukan sebagai perawatan kulit yang membantu mengangkat sel-sel kulit mati, menyegarkan serta menghaluskan kulit yang kasar dan kering. Pemanfaatan residu garam rumput laut (RGRL) Sargassum sp. dari hasil samping proses pembuatan garam rumput laut memiliki bentuk butiran kasar yang berfungsi sebagai exfoliator dan pengganti bahan silika sintetik pada krim lulur. Penambahan kolagen ikan berfungsi sebagai bahan tambahan dalam produk perawatan anti penuaan dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan konsentrasi residu garam rumput laut Sargassum sp. dengan kombinasi kolagen ikan terpilih berdasarkan uji kadar pH, ALT, logam berat merkuri, AKK, dan uji sensori. Pembuatan sediaan krim lulur yaitu pencampuran dari fase air dan fase minyak dengan penambahan kolagen ikan 0,5% dan RGRL Sargassum sp 0%, 2%, 4%, dan 8%. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan dua kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rasio RGRL Sargassum sp. dan kolagen ikan terbaik didapatkan pada perlakuan SK 4:0,5%. Karakteristik produk dengan nilai pH 5,64, negatif mengandung logam berat merkuri (Hg), kapang khamir <10 koloni/g, dan ALT 4,0 x 106 koloni/g., Body scrub is needed as a skin care to remove dead skin cells, refreshes and smoothes rough and dry skin. Utilization of seaweed salt residue (SSR) of Sargassum sp. as a by-product of seaweed salt production , seaweed has a coarse grained form that functions as an exfoliator and a substitute for synthetic silica in commonly used body scrub. The addition of fish collagen serves as an additional ingredient in anti-aging care products. This study aimed to determine the seaweed salt residual concentration of Sargassum sp. selected combination with fish collagen based on pH, total plate number, heavy metal mercury, yeast mold, and sensory tests. The preparation of scrub cream preparations was a mixture of water phase and oil phase with the addition of 0.5% fish collagen and SSR Sargassum sp 0%, 2%, 4%, and 8%. This study used a one way anova method with two replications. The results showed that the best ratio of SSR and fish collagen was obtained at 4:0,5%. Product characteristics with a pH value of 5.64, negative containing heavy metal mercury (Hg), yeast <10 colonies/g, and total plate number 4.0 x 106 colonies/g.
Keyword: garam rumput laut, krim lulur, Sargassum sp., Sargassum sp., seaweed salt residue, body scrub

Judul: Characterization of Body Scrub Based on Sargassum polycystum Salt Residue, Moringa oleifera, and Collagen
Abstrak: Residu garam Sargassum polycystum dapat berperan sebagai scrub alami pengganti microbeads. Penambahan bubuk daun kelor dan kolagen dapat meningkatkan nilai fungsi body scrub terhadap kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan konsentrasi bubuk daun kelor terbaik dalam pembuatan body scrub serta menentukan karakteristik produk body scrub terpilih dari residu garam rumput laut Sargassum polycystum, bubuk daun kelor, dan kolagen yang dibandingkan dengan produk body scrub komersil. Body scrub diformulasikan dengan 7% residu garam S.polycystum dan bubuk daun kelor konsentrasi 1%, 3% dan 5%. Formulasi terbaik ditambahkan dengan kolagen 0,5%. Body scrub dibuat dengan mencampurkan fase air dan fase minyak. Konsentrasi bubuk daun kelor terbaik didapatkan pada body scrub SK 7:1 (residu garam S. polycystum 7% dan bubuk daun kelor 1%). Body scrub terpilih yang ditambahkan 0,5% kolagen (SKK 7:1:0,5) telah sesuai dengan acuan yang ada. Body scrub SKK 7:1:0,5 menghasilkan nilai pH 6,45, viskositas 7716 cp, bersifat homogen, daya sebar 4,16 cm, emulsi stabil, kelembaban kulit 48,04% (sangat lembab), total fenol 0,77±0,06 mg GAE/g, dan aktivitas antioksidan CUPRAC 1,71±0,10 mg TE/g., Sargassum polycystum salt residue can act as a natural scrub substitute for microbeads. The addition of M.oleifera leaf powder and collagen can increase the value of the body scrub's function on the skin. This study aims to determine the best concentration of M.oleifera leaf powder in the making of body scrub and to determine the characteristics of selected body scrub products from S. polycystum salt residue, M.oleifera leaf powder, and collagen that are compared with commercial body scrub products. The body scrub was formulated with 7% residual salt of S. polycystum and M.oleifera leaf powder in concentrations of 1%, 3% and 5%. The best formulation was added with 0,5% collagen. Body scrubs were made by mixing the water phase and the oil phase. The best concentration of M.oleifera leaf powder was found in the body scrub SK 7:1 (7% S. polycystum salt residue and 1% M.oleifera leaf powder). The selected body scrub which added with 0,5% collagen (SKK 7:1:0,5) was in accordance with the existing reference. Body scrub SKK 7:1:0,5 produced a pH value of 6,45, viscosity of 7716 cp, homogeneous mixture, spreadability 4,16 cm, stable emulsion, skin moisture 48,04% (very moist), total phenol 0,77±0,06 mg GAE/g, and the antioxidant activity of CUPRAC 1,71±0,10 mg TE/g.
Keyword: antioksidan, daun kelor, emulsi, formula, kosmetik kulit, antioxidants, M.oleifera leaves, emulsions, formula, skin cosmetics

Judul: Penentuan Nilai Eigen dan Vektor Eigen dari Matriks Tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz dengan Pendekatan Polinomial Chebyshev
Abstrak: The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a matrix can be determined by finding its characteristic polynomials. The characteristic polynomials of a tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz matrix is shown to be closely connected to polynomials which satisfy the Chebyshev recurrence relationship. If the order of the matrix is odd, then the eigenvalues are found explicitly in terms of the Chebyshev zeros and the eigenvectors are found in terms of the polynomials satisfying the recurrence relationship. For even ordered matrices, the situation is more complicated. The problem in these cases is that although the Chebyshev recurrence formula is still applied, its initial values are not generating Chebyshev polynomials
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