Judul: Stakeholder analysis in the hiking program in  Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park
Abstrak: The Mount Semeru hiking program is related to the utilization function of the national park. As the number of visitors increases, it is necessary to have optimal management by involving several groups or stakeholders to implement the hiking program successfully. This study aims to identify stakeholders, identify stakeholder roles, and analyze stakeholder relationships in the hiking program in TNBTS. The data collection methods were used field observation, literature study, semi-structured interviews, snowball sampling, and questionnaires. Data analysis in this study used stakeholder analysis consisting of identification, classification, and stakeholder relationships. The hiking program in TNBTS involves 11 stakeholders called shamans, the community, SAVER (Semeru Volunteer Friends), evacuation team, porter association, guides, street vendors, jeep association, gimbal alas, homestay industry, and BMKG (Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysical Agency). Stakeholders have roles as key players, subjects, context setters, and crowds. Each stakeholder has a relationship of communication, coordination, cooperation, or all three relationships
Keyword: relationship, role, stakeholder

Judul: Manfaat Ekonomi dan Analisis Stakeholder Wisata Alam Gunung Pananjakan 1 Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru
Abstrak: Kegiatan wisata alam merupakan upaya yang dilakukan taman nasional untuk mengatasi permasalahan trade-off antara kepentingan ekologi dan ekonomi. Salah satu taman nasional di Indonesia yang menerapkan upaya ini adalah Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru (TNBTS). Lokasi wisata alam yang sudah dikembangkan salah satunya adalah Gunung Pananjakan 1 yang berada di bawah tanggung jawab Resort Pengelolaan Taman Nasional Gunung Pananjakan. Pelaksanaan dan pemenuhan kebutuhan kegiatan wisata alam di Gunung Pananjakan 1 melibatkan berbagai stakeholder. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengestimasi nilai manfaat ekonomi wisata alam bagi masyarakat sekitar Gunung Pananjakan 1, mengestimasi kontribusi kegiatan wisata alam dalam memenuhi kebutuhan pelestarian TNBTS, dan mengidentifikasi peran stakeholder dalam kegiatan wisata alam di Gunung Pananjakan 1. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis pendapatan, analisis stakeholder (aktor grid), dan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan estimasi manfaat ekonomi wisata alam Gunung Pananjakan 1 bagi masyarakat memberikan rata-rata pendapatan wisata sebesar Rp 2,598,648.29 per bulan. Kegiatan wisata memberikan kontribusi tinggi terhadap pendapatan total (61.93%) dan kontribusi sangat tinggi terhadap covering pengeluaran rumah tangga (123.53%). Estimasi manfaat ekonomi wisata alam bagi pelestarian TNBTS menunjukkan apabila Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak dapat digunakan secara langsung, kegiatan wisata alam mampu memberikan kontribusi sangat tinggi dalam memenuhi kebutuhan pelestarian TNBTS (167.83%). Secara umum, stakeholder kegiatan wisata alam Gunung Pananjakan 1 sudah mendukung kegiatan wisata alam yang memberikan manfaat ekonomi dan ekologi, namun masih terdapat beberapa stakeholder yang perlu meningkatkan peran dan kapasitas.
Keyword: covering, ekologi, stakeholder, TNBTS, wisata

Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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