Judul: Identification of Babesia sp. in Cats from RSHP using Molecular Approach (PCR)
Abstrak: Cats in Southeast Asia are a significant host for various diseases, including vector-borne infections. These infections can spread to other cats and cause serious illnesses. In Indonesia, these infections are diagnosed using hematology tests and blood smear analysis. Recent molecular research has led to the development of highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) diagnostic assays, which are more sensitive than cytology for infection diagnosis. This research aims to identify Babesia sp. in cats from Rumah Sakit Hewan Pendidikan (RSHP) and its occurrence using PCR, potentially aiding in precise diagnosis and effective treatment plans in small animal practice in Indonesia. A total of 31 blood samples were collected from cats presented to RSHP, IPB University. Blood smear microscopy was conducted to evaluate the morphology of blood parasites. Babesia spp. DNA was detected via amplification of 18S rRNA genes by single PCR. The results of blood smear analysis showed 6.45% positive rate for Babesiosis while PCR analysis revealed 24.81% positive rate. The results demonstrate that PCR exhibits greater sensitivity and specificity compared to blood smear analysis. This study provides molecular evidence of Babesia spp. infection in cats in Bogor and a foundation for developing effective preventative strategies., Kucing merupakan hewan yang dapat terinfeksi oleh parasit darah yang ditularkan melalui vektor. Metode diagnosa terhadap parasit darah pada hewan kesayangan umumnya menggunakan tes hematologi dan analisis apusan darah. Penelitian molekuler baru-baru ini telah menyebabkan pengembangan tes diagnostik Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) yang sangat sensitif, yang lebih sensitif daripada cytologi untuk diagnosis infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi Babesia sp. pada kucing dari Rumah Sakit Hewan Pendidikan (RSHP) dengan menggunakan apusan darah dan PCR. Sebanyak 31 sampel darah kucing dikoleksi dari RSHP, IPB University. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode apusan darah dengan mengevaluasi morfologi parasit darah dan juga metode PCR untuk mendeteksi DNA parasit darah Babesia spp.. Hasil analisis apusan darah menunjukkan 6,45% tingkat positif untuk Babesiosis sementara analisis PCR menunjukkan 24,81% tingkat positif. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa PCR memiliki sensitivitas dan spesifisitas yang lebih besar dibandingkan analisis apusan darah. Penelitian ini memberikan bukti molekuler tentang infeksi Babesia spp. pada kucing di Bogor dan menjadi dasar untuk mengembangkan strategi pencegahan yang efektif.
Keyword: PCR, Babesia, Bogor, blood parasite, cat

Judul: The Incidence and Identification of Dipylidiasis in Cats at Rvet Bogor Clinic from September 2020-2021
Abstrak: Kucing merupakan salah satu hewan kesayangan yang banyak dipelihara di Indonesia. Salah satu penyakit yang sering terjadi pada kucing yaitu dipylidiasis dan disebabkan oleh adanya infeksi spesies cacing Dipylidium caninum. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat kejadian dipylidiasis di klinik Rvet Bogor serta teknik diagnosis yang digunakan untuk identifikasi cacing Dipylidium caninum. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah pemeriksaan natif feses kucing dan pengambilan data rekam medis yang dilakukan di klinik Rvet Bogor selama periode September 2020-2021. Hasil pemeriksaan pada feses kucing Nuna menunjukan positif ditemukan telur dan proglotid cacing Dipylidium caninum. Seluruh data rekam medis infeksi Dipylidium caninum pada kucing di klinik sebanyak 35 kasus. Tingkat kejadian dipylidiasis tertinggi pada bulan Februari hingga Maret saat musim hujan dan infeksi terendah pada bulan Agustus dan September pada saat musim kemarau. Tingginya tingkat kejadian infeksi Dipylidium caninum dipengaruhi oleh faktor kondisi cuaca dan lingkungan yang berperan dalam penularan infeksi cacing pada kucing., Cats are one of the most popular pets in Indonesia. One of the diseases that often occurs in cats is dipylidiasis, caused by infection of a worm species Dipylidium caninum. This study aims to determine the incidence rate of dipylidiasis at the Rvet Bogor clinic and the diagnosis technique was used in identify Dipylidium caninum. The method used in this study was an microscopic examination on native cat feces samples. A medical record data were collected from the Rvet Bogor clinic at period of September 2020-2021. The examination results of Nuna cat feces samples showed appearance of are 35 Dipylidium caninum cases were found of all evaluated medical records of cats infection at the period. The highest incidence of dipylidiasis was identified at period of February to March during the rainy season and the lowest infection was at August to September during the dry season. The high incidence of Dipylidium caninum infection influenced by weather and environmental factors, which play a role in transmitting helminth infections to cats.
Keyword: Dipylidiasis, Identification, Incidence rate, Rvet Bogor clinic, cats

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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