Judul: Respon masyarakat lokal atas kehadiran industri pengolahan tahu (studi kasus: kampung Cikaret, kalurahan Cikaret, kecamatan Bogor Selatan, kota Bogor, Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: Agro-industry is an industry which has activities that processing the agricultural products into value product. Tofu processing industry is one of the small-scale agro-industry that process soy as into the agricultural food products called tofu. The purpose of this study are to explain the public respons against the socio-economic and socio-ecology about the presence of tofu processing industries in Kampung Cikaret. Public respons about the presence of tofu processing industries in the region is seen based on the layer of households that were made by the calculation of household income structure. This research method used a quantitative approach supported by qualitative approaches. Primary data was obtained through direct interviews and questionnaires. Secondary data obtained through the documentation and study of literature. The data has been generated and then processed using cross tabulation and descriptive analysis. The analysis unit in this study is the household, to obtain data on income levels and health levels. The interview was done to the head of household to obtain data on opinions about the presence of tofu processing industries in Kampung Cikaret. The selection of respondents used simple random sampling by focusing on one location of Kampung Cikaret. The choice of location was based on a homogeneous society who lived on the outskirt of the river and use it. The research showed that the social, economic and socio-ecology point of views for the presence of tofu processing industries in Kampung Cikaret are affected by the layers of household respondents. Respondent’s opinion about the economic aspects were researched by the work opportunities in tofu processing industries in the local community. There were only a few respondents said that there are work opportunities for local people. In the social aspect of opinion of respondents about the level of competition with immigrants for work in the tofu processing industry. There were a few respondents who claimed that there was competition between immigrants and local communities to work on tofu processing industries. The respondents in the top layer, middle layer and bottom layer stated there is no competition with local communities to work in tofu processing industries. the dominant respondents stated that the social relations between migrants and the local community are good. The socio-ecological impacts of the pollution level of river conditions are seen both before and after the presence of tofu processing industry. Respondents have the opinion that before the presence of tofu processing industry in the region, the rivers were clean, but after the presence of tofu processing industry in the region, the river is not as clean as before. The river which is become one of the quality water source used by local communities was appearing the opinions about the pollution levels of the water sources over the presence of tofu processing industry. Beside that, there are opinions about the comfort level of living and health. When it comes to household’s health level, only two respondents who said that they had itching experience caused by interact with the river that has been polluted by tofu waste. Levels of conflict about the smell and polluted water sources, are
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Judul: Kajian Peluang Penerapan Produksi Bersih Pada Industri Tahu (Studi Kasus: Industri Tahu X Kota Gorontalo)
Abstrak: Industri tahu X memiliki permasalahan pada kegiatan produksi, seperti inefisiensi penggunaan bahan baku, energi dan proses produksi menghasilkan limbah padat maupun cair. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi sumber terbentuknya limbah dan inefisiensi pada setiap proses produksi tahu, mengidentifikasi peluang penerapan produksi bersih, menganalisis kelayakannya serta memberikan rekomendasi peluang penerapan produksi bersih. Metode yang digunakan adalah mengidentifikasi kondisi umum industri, menganalisis tahapan proses produksi, menganalisis peluang penerapan produksi bersih, menganalisis kelayakan berdasarkan aspek teknis, aspek ekonomi dan aspek lingkungan, serta memberikan rekomendasi produksi bersih. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi permasalahan pada beberapa aspek, yaitu teknologi, proses produksi, tata laksana dan limbah. Alternatif yang direkomendasikan, mencakup pengadaan alat penyaring otomatis, penggunaan troli dorong untuk penanganan bahan, pencucian secara bertahap dan penyaringan kembali sisa air pencucian dan perendaman, penerapan Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP), pemanfaatan whey menjadi nata de soya dan pemanfaatan limbah cair menjadi pupuk organik cair. Penerapan produksi bersih dapat meningkatkan produksi tahu dari 5400 potong tahu menjadi 5481 potong tahu/100 kg kedelai, pengurangan limbah cair yang dihasilkan dan dibuang ke lingkungan berkurang dari 53,46 m3 /bulan menjadi 30,68 m3 /bulan energi listrik dari 11,16 MJ/100 kg menjadi 9,3 MJ/100 kg kedelai, total peningkatan keuntungan yang diperoleh industri sebesar Rp.5.266.320., Tofu X industry has problems in production activities, such as inefficiency in using raw materials and energy, and the production process produces solid and liquid waste. This study aims to identify sources of waste formation and inefficiency in each tofu production process, identify opportunities for implementing clean production, analyze their feasibility and provide recommendations for implementing clean production. The method used is to identify the general condition of the industry, analyze the stages of the production process, analyze opportunities for implementing clean production, analyze feasibility based on technical aspects, economic aspects, and environmental aspects, and provide recommendations for clean production. The study results identified problems in several aspects, namely technology, production processes, management, and waste. The recommended alternatives include the procurement of automatic filters, the use of push trolleys for material handling, gradual washing and re-filtration of the remaining washing and soaking water, the application of Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP), the use of whey into nata de soya and the utilization of liquid waste into liquid organic fertilizers. The application of clean production can increase the production of tofu from 5400 pieces of tofu to 5481 pieces of tofu/100 kg of soybeans. The reduction of liquid waste generated and discharged into the environment is reduced from 53.46 m3/month to 30.68 m3/month of electrical energy from 11.16 MJ/100 kg to 9.3 MJ/100 kg soybeans, the total increase in profits obtained by the industry is Rp. 5,266.320.
Keyword: clean production, feasibility analysis, tofu industry

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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