Judul: Analisis Situasi Masalah Kurang Energi Kronik pada Ibu Hamil di Indonesia.
Abstrak: Improving the quality of human resources is the main pillar for development, because of the quality of human resources will determine the progress of a nation. The quality of human resources, among others, mirrored by health status, which is determined by the quality of the woman's pregnancy.In this period of pregnant women in dire need of balanced nutrition, good health and correctly in order to pass through a phase of pregnancy optimally. Pregnancy is always associated with the physiological changes that result in an increase in the volume of fluid and red blood cells and a decrease in the concentration of nutrient-binding proteins in the blood circulation, as well as a decrease in micronutrients. When a pregnant woman eating, then in fact there are two bodies that must be fulfilled the need for nutrients, the body of the mother and fetus are always growing and developing. The gestation period is a period of growth and development of the fetus toward the birth so that the nutritional disorder that occurs during pregnancy will impact the health of the mother of the fetus. Some maternal malnutrition during pregnancy include Chronic energy deficiency. Chronic energy deficiency (CED) is a condition in which women experience chronic food shortages lasting (chronic) resulting in impaired - maternal health disorders with signs or symptoms include weakness and pallor (Depkes RI 2003). Based on the results of Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2013, iron deficiency anemia is a public health problem with a prevalence among pregnant women aged 15-49 years at 24.2%. Some provinces showed higher prevalence of national, such as Central Sulawesi, Maluku, Papua and NTT with a prevalence of 45%. (Balitbangkes 2013). Indonesia proportion of the population aged 10-54 years who were pregnant in Indonesia was 2.68 percent, in urban areas (2.8%) higher than in rural areas (2.55%). Different patterns of pregnancy by age group and place of residence. Among the female population aged 10-54 years, there is a pregnancy at a very young age (<15 years), albeit with a very small proportion (0.02%), mainly in rural areas (0.03%). The proportion of pregnancies in teens (15-19 years) was 1.97 per cent, rural (2.71%) higher than in urban areas (1.28%). (Balitbangkes 2013).Specifically, this research aims as follows: (1) Identify the characteristics of pregnant women based in rural, urban and island regions (2) to analyze the prevalence of CED in pregnant women (3) analyze the relationship between the characteristics of pregnant women with CED in rural and urban areas (4) Analyze the determinant CED in pregnant women in rural and urban areas (5) analyze the relationship between the characteristics of pregnant women with CED various islands in Indonesia (6) to analyze the determinants of CED in pregnant women various islands in Indonesia. The data used in this research is secondary data from the Health Research in 2013 (Riskesdas 2013). Riskesdas is a cross-sectional survey design to describe the health problems of the Indonesian population as a whole. The population in this analysis are all pregnant women in Indonesia, which has been recorded by the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The samples used
Keyword: Pregnant Women, Chronic Energy Deficiency, Health of women, Consumption of iron, Maternal age, Employment status

Judul: Status Kurang Energi Kronis dan Anemia pada Ibu Hamil di Kabupaten Sumenep Madura
Abstrak: Berdasarkan data Riskesdas 2018, prevalensi KEK ibu hamil di Indonesia sebesar 17.3% dan anemia mencapai 48.9%. KEK dan anemia pada ibu hamil dapat berdampak pada kesehatan ibu dan bayi yang akan dilahirkan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan KEK dan anemia pada ibu hamil di Kabupaten Sumenep, Madura. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional study yang dilakukan pada Februari-Maret 2017 di Kabupaten Sumenep dan melibatkan 200 ibu hamil yang dipilih secara proportional random sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer. Data karakteristik sosio-ekonomi keluarga, karakteristik ibu hamil, konsumsi pangan, dan status gizi menggunakan sebagian data dari penelitian Dietary Intake, Nutritional Status, Traditional Beliefs and Practices of Pregnant Women in Madura Island, sedangkan data kadar hemoglobin merupakan data tambahan untuk penelitian ini. Analisis univariat dilakukan untuk mengetahui tabulasi frekuensi, uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov untuk menguji normalitas data. Analisis bivariat dengan uji korelasi Rank Spearman dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antar variabel. Selanjutnya, uji regresi logistik dilakukan untuk mengetahui variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap status KEK dan anemia ibu hamil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 19% ibu hamil mengalami KEK dan 51.5% mengalami anemia. Sebanyak 58% ibu hamil merupakan keluarga kecil dengan sebagian besar tingkat pendidikan suami dan ibu hamil tergolong tinggi, masing-masing 60% dan 52%. Lebih dari sepertiga suami bekerja di bidang jasa atau buruh non tani dan tiga perempat ibu hamil sebagai ibu rumah tangga. Sebanyak 73.5% keluarga ibu hamil tergolong tidak miskin. Sebagian besar ibu hamil berada pada usia 20-35 tahun. Separuh ibu hamil berada pada trimester II kehamilan. Sebanyak 58% ibu hamil merupakan multigravida dengan 44% termasuk nulliparous. Jarak kelahiran pada 54% ibu hamil lebih dari 2 tahun. Ibu hamil yang telah memeriksakan kehamilan sebanyak 98% dengan sebagian besar kunjungan pertama dilakukan pada trimester I. Sebanyak 73% ibu hamil memeriksakan kehamilan di bidan. Lebih dari 50% ibu hamil berstatus gizi normal sebelum hamil dengan rata-rata IMT 22.3±4.6 kg/m2. Pertambahan berat pada ibu hamil yang mengalami KEK lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan kelompok normal ataupun anemia. Pangan tabu selama kehamilan dipercaya oleh 75.5% ibu hamil yang terdiri atas seafood, kedondong, nanas, dan air dingin. Sebanyak 45.5% percaya pada beberapa bahan pangan yang dianjurkan untuk dikonsumsi selama kehamilan, seperti apel, air kelapa muda, bayam, daun kelor, dan susu. Skor keragaman konsumsi pangan pada 54.5% ibu hamil tergolong tinggi dengan kelompok pangan yang paling banyak dikonsumsi adalah serealia dan umbi-umbian, protein hewani (ikan), polong-polongan (tahu, tempe), sayuran hijau, dan telur. Tingkat kecukupan energi dan zat gizi sebagian besar ibu hamil tergolong rendah, akan tetapi, tingkat kecukupan besi dan folat sudah tercukupi karena ibu hamil mengonsumsi tablet besi dan folat. Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan bahwa status KEK berhubungan dengan tingkat pendidikan ibu, usia, jumlah kehamilan, paritas, jarak kelahiran, status gizi sebelum hamil, dan kadar hemoglobin. Status anemia ibu hamil berhubungan dengan usia kehamilan, status gizi sebelum hamil, dan ukuran lingkar lengan atas. Status gizi sebelum hamil menjadi faktor dominan yang berpengaruh pada status KEK, sedangkan usia kehamilan berpengaruh pada status anemia.
Keyword: kadar hemoglobin, kehamilan, LILA, MDD-W, pangan tabu

Judul: The use of homotopy perturbation methode to solve fuzzy volterra  integral equations
Abstrak: Most phenomena in nature can be explained in mathematical models, such as fuzzy volterra integral equation. The fuzzy volterra integral equation is a nonlinear integral problem, which is usually dificult to solve by an analytical solution. In this paper, fuzzy volterra integral equation is solved using perturbaion homotopy method, which can be written as a power series in p and satisfies a certain homotopy fuction. This manuscript discuss two case studies, i.e. the case of linear and trigonometric kernel function. The result shows that greater approximation order being used, the wider convergence solution area wil be.
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