Judul: Pengaruh pH Tanah terhadap Antagonisme glioeladiu fimbriatum Gilm. & Abbott pada Pythium sp. Penyebab Rebah-Kecambah Ketimun (Cucumis sativus L.)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kemasaman (pH) media PDA dan PDB terhadap pertumbuhan cendawan Gliocladium fimbriatum dan Pythium sp., pengaruh berbagai pH media PDA terhadap antagonisme G. fimbriatum pada Pythium sp., pengaruh filtrat G. fimbriatum yang ditumbuhkan pada berbagai pH media PDB terhadap pertumbuhan Pythium sp. dan pengaruh pH tanah terhadap efektifitas G. fimbriatum dalam menghambat perkembangan dan patogenisitas Pythium sp. pada tanaman ketimun.
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Judul: Pengaruh antagonis Chaetomium globasum Kunze ex Fr. terhadap Pythium spp. penyebab penyakit rebah kecambah ketimun
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati pengaruh. antagonis C. globosum terhadap cendawan tanah Pythium spp. penyebab penyakit rebah kecambah pada ketimun. Penelitian dilakukan secara in vitro di dalam medium PDA di Laboratorium Cendawan, Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian, dan secara in vivo di dalam pot. Metode yang digunakan di laboratorium adalah metode biakan rangkap. C. globosum dan Pythium spp. ditumbuhkan di dalam medium PDA, dengan jarak antara keduanya 5 cm. C. globosum ditumbuhkan 6 hari lebih awal dari Pythium spp. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap persentase penghambatan Pythium spp. oleh C. globosum. Pada penelitian yang dilakukan secara in vivo di dalam pot, C. globosum dan Pythium spp. dibiakkan di dalam medium cornmeal-sand, dan diinfestasikan ke dalam tanah yang telah disterilkan. Perbandingan antara propagul Pythium spp. dan C. globosum adalah 1:1, 1:2 dan 1: 3, sedangkan untuk kontrol tanah hanya diinfestasi oleh Pythium spp. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan menghitung persentase perkecambahan, tinggi kecambah, berat basah dan berat kering kecambah tanpa akar. tak cipta Pada medium PDA, C. globosum dapat menghambat pertumbuhan koloni Pythium spp., tetapi diduga tidak mematikan cendawan tersebut. Hal ini disebabkan C. globosum mengeluarkan zat antibiotik yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan koloni Pythium spp. C. globosum. dapat melindungi benih dari serangan Pythium spp. karena C. globosum dapat berkembang biak dengan baik dalam tanah atau rizosfir.
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Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite