Judul: Biodiversity of Superfamily Papilionoidea Butterflies (Lepidoptera) at Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi
Abstrak: Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park is one of national parks in Indonesia which has high diversity of butterflies. Increasing number of tourists and local butterfly collectors have caused changes of the butterfly habitat and may decrease butterfly population in the park. Aim of the research was to study the diversity of the papilionoid butterflies in Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park based on different habitats. The observations were done by scan sampling method in the morning and afternoon at three locations i.e., Pattunuang Nature Reserve, Leang-leang Nature Reserve, and Bantimurung National Park. Results showed that 144 spesies and 6.802 individual of butterflies were found at the areas within 7 weeks of observation. At Leang-leang Nature Reserve, Pattunuang Nature Reserve and Bantimurung National Park were found 113 spesies (2.024 individu), 101 spesies (1.828 individu) and 98 spesies (2.950 individu) of butterflies, respectively. The diversity of butterflies was higher in the national parks (H’ > 3). Pattunuang Nature Reserve has higher value (H’ = 4,06) than Bantimurung National Park (H’ = 3,97) and Leang-leang Nature Reserve (H’ = 3,87). Sorensen similarity index (CN) showed that three research locations were different community structures because there were several different dominant species at each location. Statistically, wind speed gave more significant effect on the number of individuals butterfly than other climate parameters.
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Judul: Biodiversity of superfamily papilionoidea butterflies (Lepidoptera) at Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi
Abstrak: Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park is one of national parks in Indonesia which has high diversity of butterflies. Increasing number of tourists and local butterfly collectors have caused changes of the butterfly habitat and may decrease butterfly population in the park. Aim of the research was to study the diversity of the papilionoid butterflies in Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park based on different habitats. The observations were done by scan sampling method in the morning and afternoon at three locations i.e., Pattunuang Nature Reserve, Leang-leang Nature Reserve, and Bantimurung National Park. Results showed that 144 spesies and 6.802 individual of butterflies were found at the areas within 7 weeks of observation. At Leang-leang Nature Reserve, Pattunuang Nature Reserve and Bantimurung National Park were found 113 spesies (2.024 individu), 101 spesies (1.828 individu) and 98 spesies (2.950 individu) of butterflies, respectively. The diversity of butterflies was higher in the national parks (H’ > 3). Pattunuang Nature Reserve has higher value (H’ = 4,06) than Bantimurung National Park (H’ = 3,97) and Leang-leang Nature Reserve (H’ = 3,87). Sorensen similarity index (CN) showed that three research locations were different community structures because there were several different dominant species at each location. Statistically, wind speed gave more significant effect on the number of individuals butterfly than other climate parameters.
Keyword: Graphium androcles, Papilio blumei, Catopsilia pomona, Aoa affinis, Faunis menado

Judul: Katalis Zink Ferit Tersubstitusi Cu untuk Oksidasi Benzil Alkohol
Abstrak: Katalis berperan dalam menurunkan energi aktivasi. Katalis ZnFe2O4 dan ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu disintesis menggunakan metode kopresipitasi untuk digunakan dalam oksidasi benzil alkohol. Katalis dicirikan dengan spektrofotometer inframerah (FTIR) dan difraktometer sinar-X. Spektrum FTIR menunjukkan puncak serapan dari ikatan Zn-O dan Fe-O masing-masing pada rentang 559‒575 cm-1 dan 419‒447 cm-1. Difraktogram menunjukkan terbentuknya fase tunggal Zn0.6Cu0.4Fe2O4 pada katalis ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu 20%. Benzil alkohol dioksidasi dengan sistem refluks. Konversi benzil alkohol meningkat dengan meningkatnya suhu. Kadar benzaldehida yang dihasilkan dengan katalis ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu 20% lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan katalis ZnFe2O4 yang tidak tersubstitusi dan yang tersubstitusi Cu 60 dan 80%. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa katalis ZnFe2O4 tersubstitusi Cu 20% memiliki kinerja yang lebih baik dalam oksidasi benzil alkohol menjadi benzaldehida dengan kadar benzaldehida 8.763%.
Keyword: Benzil alkohol, katalis, oksidasi, ZnFe2O4