Judul: Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Total Factor Productivity Industri Pertanian Indonesia Periode 1981-2010
Abstrak: Industry has a big role in Indonesia’s economy as the main driver of development, which it gives the largest contribution to the Gross National Product (GNP). Indonesia is an agrarian country which has a big potency in developing agriculture products because of the abundant resources it has, supporting climate, and fertile soil. This study aims to analyze Total Factor Productivity (TFP) of Indonesia’s agriculture industry through a Cobb-Douglas production function approach and analyze factors influencing it using Error Correction Model (ECM), along with a descriptive method to explain an overview of agriculture industry in Indonesia. Time series data are used for period 1980-2010. The estimation result shows that variables significantly influencing TFP are Gross National Product, domestic investment, export of industry output (X), and investment import (M).
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Judul: Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Pertumbuhan Total Factor Productivity (TFP) Sektor Pertanian di Indonesia
Abstrak: The agricultural sector is a sector which is crucial and has an important role for people life. Enhancement in agricultural productivity is the focus of the current Government. Previous research shows that the growth of agricultural output was not only influenced by the capital and labor but there is another factor called Total Factor Productivity (TFP). This research focuses on the factors that affect TFP growth of the agricultural sector in Indonesia in the period 1980-2011. This research using Cobb-Douglas linearization to calculate TFP value. Error Correction Model (ECM) used to analyze factors that affect agricultural TFP. Independent variables used in this model are irrigation, inflation rate, level of education, agricultural credit, and trade openness, while the dependent variable used is agricultural TFP. The results of this research indicate that the variables that affect agricultural TFP in the short-term are education and level of trade openness. Variables that affect agricultural TFP on long term are the level of education, agricultural credit, and trade openness.
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Judul: Morfologi Organ Reproduksi Betina Walet Linchi (Collocalia linchi)
Abstrak: This research is aimed to describe the morphology of the female reproductive organs of the cave swiftlets (C. linchi ) macroscopic and microscopically. Four female reproduction organs were used in this study. Microscopic observation was done using Hematoxilin – eosin (HE), alcian blue (AB) pH 2.5 and periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining methods. The reproductive organs were consisted of ovarium and oviduct. The oviduct has five parts: infundibulum, magnum, isthmus, uterus and vagina. The mucosa of oviduct has mucosal folds and lined with columnar ciliated epithelial cells. Glandular glands were found in the lamina propria of oviduct, except in the vagina. The thick muscle of sphincter uterovagina was found in the border between uterus and vagina. Using AB-PAS staining methods, it was detected that oviduct contained neutral and acid carbohydrate, especially in the secrete glands of oviduct.
Keyword: oviduct., ovarium, Collocalia linchi