Judul: Telaah Sistem Informasi Program Pemberdayaan Daerah dalam Mengatasi Dampak Krisis Ekonomi
Abstrak: Dalam rangka penanggulangan akibat krisis ekonomi. Pemerintah mencanangkan program Perluasan Jaring Pengaman sosial (pJPS) meliputi enam belas program. Salah satu program diantaranya adalah program "Pemberdayaan Daerah dalam Mengatasi Dampak Krisis Ekonomi", (PDM-DKE) yang ditujukan untuk menanggulangi pengangguran dan kemiskinan akibat krisis ekonomi. Pada karya ilmiah ini penulis melakukan analisis secara teoritis terhadap sistem informasi program PDM-DKE dalam menghasilkan informasi untuk mendukung pemberian bantuan, pemantauan pelaksanaan, penilaian keberhasilan pelaksanaan program, dan men perbaikan formulir input program PDM-DKE.
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Judul: Pola kepemimpinan dan interaksi sosial kelompok masyarakat dalam program PDM-DKE : Kasus desa Parakan Muncang, desa Pangkal Jaya dan desa Bantar Karet, kecamatan Nanggung, kabupaten Bogor, propinsi Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Secara umum di Jawa Barat krisis ekonomi berdampak sangat nyata menurunkan daya beli rumahtangga di desa-desa. Beban ekonomi rumahtangga menjadi lebih berat karena desa-desa menerima limpahan tenaga kerja yang tergusur dari sektor industri perkotaan dan lokal yang mengalami kemacetan bahkan bangkrut akibat guncangan moneter dan pasar produksi riil. Dengan demikian perlu upaya penanggulangan pengangguran dan kemiskinan akibat krisis ekonomi telah berlangsung sejak bulan Agustus 1997. Pemerintah telah menyusun suatu program untuk mengatasi dampak krisis ekonomi yang dikenal dengan Program Jaring Pengaman Sosial (JPS). Program Pemberdayaan Daerah dalam Mengatasi Dampak Krisis Ekonomi (PDM-DKE) merupakan salah satu paket Program JPS. Sasaran penerima bantuan adalah penduduk miskin dan yang jatuh miskin, baik di perkotaan maupun di pedesaan. Keterbukaan adalah kunci pelaksanaan PDM-DKE, dengan melibatkan seluruh masyarakat calon penerima bantuan, mulai dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, sampai pertanggungjawaban pelaksanaan program dibicarakan dalam musyawarah desa/kelurahan. Konsep tersebut di atas belum dapat dijalankan sepenuhnya, peristiwa di lapangan masih menunjukkan adanya penyimpangan dari konsep semula. Laporan akhir penelitian evaluasi PDM-DKE di Jawa Barat dari CES (1999) menemukan adanya peristiwa penyimpangan-penyimpangan pada pelaksanaan program. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menelaah pelaksanaan Program PDM-DKE di tingkat desa; (2) mengidentifikasi pola-pola kepemimpinan apakah yang dipakai oleh ketua kelompok, serta menelaah bagaimana interaksi sosial antara ketua dengan anggota kelompoknya dalam melaksanakan Program PDM-DKE,..dst
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Judul: Biology and ecology of the buffalo fly, haematobia exigua de meijere (diptera:muscidae)
Abstrak: The life history of the buffalo fly was observed at room temperature of 27°-29.5°C and at a relative humidity of 48-68 percent. The eggs hatched after 17-22 hours, with an average of 18 hours. First instar larvae measured 1.25 + 0.16 mm long and 0.27 + 0.037 mm wide. reach the second larval stage. It took 6-12 hours to the second instar larvae measured 2.676 +0.187 mm long and 0.353 +0.028 mm wide. The second instar took about 12-24 hours to reach the third larval stage. The third instar measured 6.833 + 0.189 mm long and 0.919 + 0.051 mm wide. It took about 2-3 days for the third instar to become pupae. Duration of the pupal stage was about 5-7 days before the adults emerged. Under laboratory condition, the buffalo fly completed its life cycle in 9.5 to 10.5 days, whereas under field condition it took 9-14 days with an average of 10.5 days. The growth ratio which was based on the measurements of the cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton of each instar was 1.797. The preoviposition period was 8-12 days and mating usually occurred on the 6th or 7th day. The longevity of the male was 29 days, whereas it was 32 days in the female. The range of egg production under laboratory condition was between 20-139 per female fly. The belly and hind legs of the carabao were the most preferred habitat either during cloudy and cool dry or shiny and warm day. When the weather was clear and the carabao was in the shade, the flies tended to be more distributed particularly on the shoulder, dewlap, back and horns. The carabaos had relatively fewer Musca sp. and Stomoxys calcitrans than cattle; never the less carabaos had a higher infestation of buffalo fly than cattle. Oviposition occured either during the day or night but the buffalo flies were more active during the night than in the day time. The effect of various lengths of exposure time of manure in relation to the oviposition was profound. observed, the maximum number of the buffalo flies was occurred when the dung was exposed for 30 minutes. With increasing time of exposure the number and variety of insects also increase. It was evident that Sepsidae and psychodidae were the most dominant insects emerging from the dung. The number of buffalo flies also increased with increasing
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