Judul: Efektivitas Cabai Rawit (Capsicum annuum) terhadap  Efek Analgesik dan Stamina Mencit Jantan (Mus musculus)
Abstrak: Cayenne is used all over the world and is mostly used in cooking as a spice that is added to different dishes and sauces to give them flavour, colour, and perfume. Chilli peppers are a member of the genus Capsicum and has a compound found in chilli peppers that is active is called capsaicin (8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6 nonenamide). The term "fatigue" is frequently used and has multiple definitions, causal relationships, and domains. Capsaicin is a useful tool in the study of pain since it causes pain in addition to the feeling of heat. Mice's stamina can be increased by flavonoids through their inhibition of the phosphodiasterase enzyme, which is responsible for converting cAMP to AMP. This study determined the effectiveness of cayenne pepper (Capsicum annuum) on analgesic effect and stamina. The tail flick test was used to determine the analgesic effect of the treatment on mice. The swimming endurance test was used to determine the stamina of the mice. A total of 20 mice were used and divided into 4 treatment groups: control, 1, 2 and 4 mg/g BW. To determine the statistical significance of the data, ANOVA one-way and Tukey tests were conducted. Based on the statistical analysis, cayenne pepper was effective to increase stamina at 4 mg/g BW whereas cayenne pepper was effective to increase analgesic effect at 2 and 4 mg/g BW. In conclusion, cayenne pepper shows effects on both stamina and analgesic effect.
Keyword: analgesic effect, cayenne pepper, mice, stamina

Judul: Effectiveness of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanii) Infusion as an Analgesic Effects and Stamina Enhancer in Male Mice (Mus musculus)
Abstrak: Kayu manis merupakan tanaman herbal yang memiliki beragam khasiat bagi kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari efektivitas infusa kayu manis sebagai analgesik dan peningkat stamina tubuh hewan. Penelitian ini menggunakan 20 ekor mencit jantan galur Deutschland Denken Yoken yang dikelompokkan menjadi 4 kelompok perlakuan dengan tiap kelompok terdiri atas 5 ekor mencit. Kelompok perlakuan dibagi menjadi kelompok mencit kontrol dan mencit perlakuan yang diberi infusa kayu manis dengan dosis 1, 2, dan 4 g/kg BB. Perlakuan dilakukan secara peroral dengan 3 kali ulangan dengan selang waktu satu hari. Pengujian pada uji analgesik dengan metode tail immersion flick test dan uji stamina dengan metode forced swim test. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) yang dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian infusa kayu manis pada mencit jantan mampu memberikan efek analgesik pada dosis 4 g/kg BB dan mampu meningkatkan stamina pada dosis 2 dan 4 g/kg BB. Kesimpulan penelitian ini ialah kayu manis memiliki potensi sebagai analgesik dan peningkat stamina., Cinnamon is a herbal plant that has various health benefits. This research aims to study the effectiveness of cinnamon infusion on analgesic effects and to increase stamina for animals body. This study used 20 male mice of the Deutschland Denken Yoken strain which were grouped into 4 treatment groups with each group consisting of 5 mice. The treatment group was divided into control mice and treatment mice that were given cinnamon infusion at doses of 1, 2, and 4 g/kg BW. The treatment was carried out peroral with 3 repetitions with an interval of one day. The analgesic test uses the tail immersion flick test and the stamina test uses the forced swim test. The data obtained were analyzed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Tukey test. The results of the study showed administrating cinnamon infusion to male mice was able to provide an analgesic effect at a dose of 4 g/kg BW and was able to increase stamina at a dose of 2 and 4 g/kg BW. The conclusion of this research is that cinnamon has the potential as an analgesic and stamina enhancer.
Keyword: kayu manis, stamina, analgesik, mencit, obat herbal

Judul: Peranan Pesantren dalam Pembangunan Pedesaan
Abstrak: Pesantren (pondok atau pondok pesantren) adalah suatu lembaga pendidikan keagamaan Islam yang pada umumnya tumbuh di kalangan masyarakat pedesaan. Pertumbuhannya merupakan hasil refleksi pimpinan pesantren dan masyarakat terhadap kebutuhan masyarakat sekitar. Disamping sebagai lembaga pendidikan keagamaan, diharapkan pesantren dapat berperan sebagai lembaga sosial kemasyarakatan yang dapat membantu pemerintah dalam menyebar luaskan inovasi pembangunan kepada masyarakat, dan menggerakkan masyarakat agar berperan serta dalam pembangunan.
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