Judul: Kajian pola penyebaran dan karakteristik habitat merak hijau (Pavo muticus Linneaus, 1766) pada musim tidak berbiak di resort rowobendo taman nasional alas purwo, Jawa Timur
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk 1) mengetahui penyebaran lokal, pola sebaran dan kelimpahan populasi merak hijau dan 2) mengkaji karakteristik habitat merak hijau, khususnya habitat tempat mencari makan, minum, tidur, bertengger, berteduh dan berlindung. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama 2,5 bulan (pertengahan Februari sampai April 1997) di Resort Rowobendo Taman Nasional Alas Purwo, Jawa Timur.
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Judul: Analisis populasi dan habitat merak hijau (Pavo muticus Linnaeus, 1766) di Taman Nasional alas purwo dan Baluran Jawa Timur
Abstrak: Kawasan TNAP dan TNB merupakan beberapa tempat penyebaran merak hijau (Pavo muticus) di ujung timur pulau Jawa, yang keadaan populasinya terus mengalami penurunan dari tahhun ke tahun akibat perburuan dan fragmentasi habitat. Data yang berkelanjutan mengenai populasi dan habitat merak hijau sangat dibutuhkan guna menelamatkan populasi merak hijau di TNAP dan TNB khususnya. Oleh karena itu telha dilakukan survei populasi dan pengamatan habitat selama 4 bulan (Agustus-Desember 2007). Metode yang digunakan untuk melakukan survei populasi adalah Concentration Count dan Line Transect with Call Count. Pengamatan habitat difokuskan pada karakteristik habitat yang dimanfaatkan merak hijau sebagai tempat makan, minum, tidur, berteduh, berlindung, menari dan kawin, bersarang serta mandi debu.
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Judul: Density funtional theory dalam sintesis, karakterisasi, dan prediksi aplikasi. Kasus: senyawa Zn-dialkylditiokarbamat rantai panjang
Abstrak: Coordination compounds of dialkyldithiocarbamate have broad applications, e.g. automotive lubricant additives. Coordinated long chain dialkyldithiocarbamate was studied to obtain the better anti-friction and anti-wear. Integration of computation chemistry e.g. density functional theory used to identify reaction mechanisms, to optimize geometry of structure, and to estimate properties of compounds. The aim of this study was to obtain long chain complexes Zn-dialkyldithiocarbamate, to examine their structures, and to estimate their applications using Density Functional Theory methods (DFT). Long chain Zn-dialkyldithiocarbamate was synthesized through reaction between ZnCl2, NaOH, CS2 and secondary amine during 24 hours in room condition. Secondary amine was obtained from LiAlH4 reduction of amide 2o during 24 hours in nitrogen atmospheric. Reaction of long chain amine 1o and long chain acylchloride was used to obtain amide 2o. DFT and instrumentation (FTIR and HPLC) was used to study of mechanism, structure elucidation and its application. The results showed the synthesis of Zn-dibutyldithiocarbamate, dipalmitilamide, dipalmitilamine, Zn-dipalmitildithiocarbamate yields are 90.02%, 90.91%, 47.5%, and 66.49% respectively. The ratio of intensity and wave number for Zndibutyldithiocarbamate from FTIR spectra and DFT calculations wasn’t significantly different at 95% confidence level. According to DFT calculation (B3LYP/ 6-31G*), the carbon-sulfur bonds in Zn-dibutyldithiocarbamate have an average length of 0.1683-0.1743 nm and the ligand “bite” angle S-C-S has a mean value of 116.85o. This result indicates a tetrahedral-shaped Zndibutyldithiocarbamate. Lubricant additives (anti-wear and anti-friction) properties of Zn-dialkyldithiocarbamates was estimated by chemical hardness and absolute electronegativity. Lower electronegativity value is better anti-friction, and lower chemical hardness is better anti-wear. Anti-friction ability of Zndialkyldithiocarbamate is better than Mo-dialkyldithiocarbamate, while anti-wear ability is lower than Zn-dialkiydithiophosphates. Based on electronegativity absolute value of DFT calculations, the Zn-dialkyldithiocarbamate is categorized as superlubricity that can perform in the boundary lubricant system.
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