Judul: Bioprospecting of kerangas forest: analysis of Nepenthes gracilis Korth. as conservation stimuli
Abstrak: The heath forest or locally known as kerangas forest is a forest type that grows in site with limiting site factors, epecially the extremely unfavourable soil type for plants. There is an urgent call to conserve the kerangas forest due to it’s vulnerability and sound strategy needs to be well designed by utilizing its values and various functions and importances. Maintenance of functional biodiversity of kerangas forests and its sustainable utilization through biodiversity prospecting (bioprospecting) approach are two key factors that could be considered in the conservation efforts of kerangas forest. With this regard, Nepenthes gracilis as indicator species is well known for its uses such as ornamental plants, medicinal plants and could be used to stimulate the conservation actions. Therefore, a comprehensive research utilizing N.gracilis as conservation stimuli was conducted with objectives to : i) gain data and information on bio-prospecting N.gracilis and kerangas forest, ii) determine the potentials uses of N.gracilis and kerangas forest, iii) identify the enviromental settings of kerangas forest and N.gracilis d iv) determine the spatial genetic variation of N.gracilis, v) to determine the bio-active compounds of N.gracilis, and vi) identify the conservation attitude of community toward N.gracilis. Research methods used a combination of ecological and socio-economic surveys followoing standard procedures and laboratory works for genetic analysis,phytocehmistry analysis, and bioactivity analysis. In general, kerangas forests in the research sites are degraded under unmanaged condition. Therefore, composition and structure of the forests were significantly different in comparison to the reference forest sites. In particular, N.gracilis is found in open sites with following characteristics such as pH= ± 4,12, peat thickness= ± 5,6 cm, light intensity above ground= 270-300 lux, and the roots usually covered by seedling and sapling. Ecosystem services of kerangas forest were described by the following benefecial function, such as buffer area for water and buffering extreme weather impact, carbon sink and source, preference habitat for biological components above and below ground, sources of woods, food and medicinal plant. Functional of N.gracilis in relation to environment could be explained by capacity of plant to overcame limited water and nutrient (functional for physic-chemical environment). Existing symbiosis of x N.gracilis and other organisms reflected N.gracilis benefecial for bio-ecological environment of kerangas forest. Utilizing of N.gracilis as a medicine was also benefecial with respects to socio-economical dynamics of human dimension.It was found that plant diversity of kerangas were as sources for medicinal plants. 92,31% of kerangas plants (35 species from 39 species founded) were utilized as raw material for medicies for communities living around kerangas forest area. Genetic diversity of N.gracilis inside population and inter population are relatively high (He=0,25), indicating N.gracilis reproduction strategies. Many part of N.gracilis can be used for medicinal material based on information of phytochemistry and toxicities tests. The methanol extract of N.gracilis roots had highest toxicities (LC 50=151.53 ppm) than other parts of plant. The methanol extract from roots, stems, leaves, pockets and closed pocket liquid of N.gracilis effectively inhibited S.aures at concentration 62,5 ppm, 125 ppm, 125 ppm, 2000 ppm, 3000 ppm, respectively; while E.coli were inhibited at concentration 15.6 ppm,125 ppm, >2000
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Judul: Population Characteristics and Potential of Bioprospecting Keruing Gunung (Dipterocarpus retusus Bl.) in the National Park of Mount Rinjani, NTB
Abstrak: Taman Nasional Gunung Rinjani (TNGR) memiliki flora bernilai ekonomi tinggi, yaitu keruing gunung (Dipterocarpus retusus Bl.). Keruing gunung merupakan tumbuhan dengan habitus pohon yang berasal dari famili Dipterocarpaceae. Masyarakat sekitar hutan TNGR belum memanfaatkan potensi tumbuhan tersebut kecuali sebagai bahan bangunan dan kayu bakar. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis vegetasi berupa semai, pancang, tiang, dan pohon. Selain itu, menguji ekstrak yang paling aktif sebagai antibakteri dan menguji kandungan kelompok metabolit sekunder pada ekstrak teraktif tersebut., The National Park of Mount Rinjani (TNGR) is a flora of high economic value, namely keruing gunung (Dipterocarpus retusus Bl.). Keruing gunung is a plant with habitus trees originating from Dipterocarp family. Forest communities TNGR have not take the advantages of these plants potential yet exceptas building material and firewood. The aim of this study to found the most active extracts which tested as antibacterial and to determine the content of secondary metabolites group on the most active extracts, and also to analyze the vegetation of seedlings, saplings, poles and trees.
Keyword: Conservation, bioprospecting, TNGR, Dipterocarpus retusus Bl.

Judul: Formulasi Hamilton Untuk Menggambarkan Deformasi Gelombang Soliter Dengan Dasar Tidak Rata Pada Fluida Dua Lapisan
Abstrak: Gelombang internal adalah suatu gelombang yang muncul di bawah permukaan laut sehingga gelombang ini tidak teramati secara kasat mata. Formulasi Hamilton dirumuskan untuk menjelaskan gerak gelombang ini. Dalam hal ini diasumsikan bahwa fluida yang ditinjau terdiri atas dua lapisan dengan masing-masing lapisan memiliki rapat massa yang konstan. Selain itu, diasumsikan pula fluida yang ditinjau berupa fluida tak mampat (incompressible) dan tak kental (invicid). Formulasi Hamilton dilakukan dengan meninjau fluida dua lapisan yang berada pada domain yang dibatasi oleh batas atas yang rata dan batas bawah yang tidak rata. Hamilton (energi total)-nya didefinisikan sebagai penjumlahan antara energi kinetik dan energi potensialnya. Karena energi kinetik tidak secara eksplisit dinyatakan dalam peubah fisis, maka digunakan metode asimtotik untuk menentukan energi totalnya. Dalam hal ini diasumsikan bahwa gelombang interfacial yang ditinjau cukup panjang, dan amplitudo yang cukup kecil. Persamaan Korteweg de- Vries (KdV) diperoleh, jika disumsikan bahwa gelombang interfacial hanya merambat pada satu arah, sedangkan jika gelombang tersebut merambat ke dua arah, diperoleh persamaan Boussinesq.
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