Judul: The Role of Farmer Group and Participation of Members  in Hortikultural Farming Development in Pacet District Cianjur Regency
Abstrak: One of the agricultural sub-sectors that has grown a strategic commodity is horticulture. Horticultural Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has an average increase of 4.8% among the highest increases occurring in 2018 which is 7% (BPS, 2018). The increase of horticulture GDP shows horticultural products are a prospective product to be developed and well-received in the market. The development of horticultural farming requires the role of farmer groups as a learning class, a vehicle for cooperation, and a production unit. The development of horticulture farming requires the active participation of members of farmer groups. This study aims to: 1) analyze the perceptions of farmer group members regarding the role of farmer groups toward the horticultural farming development and the factors that influence it; 2) analyze the participation of farmer group members toward horticultural farming development and the factors that influence it; and 3) formulate a strategy to increase the participation of group members toward horticultural farming development. This study used a survey method among two ways of analysis, specifically descriptive and inferential statistics with the path analysis method supported by data in the form of qualitative data. The population was 130 members, with major and intermediate ability classes who attended at least 3 meetings. The number of respondents determination was obtained using the Slovin formula based on the level 95 percent of confidence with a total number of samples was 100 respondents. The determination of respondents in six farmer groups in six villages was carried out using the proportional simple random sampling technique. The results of this study showed that the perception of farmer group members regarding the group's role toward horticultural farming development was quite good, which means that the farmer group was quite capable of carrying out its role properly. The perception of the members in this group was influenced by the outreach activities. The participation of group members was quite good, which means that the farmer groups were quite capable of planning, organizing, implementing, evaluating, and developing group programs. The participation of group members was influenced by the perception of the role of farmer groups, access to information, and length of formal education, while extension activities affected indirectly them. These results were different on the factor of farmer groups involvement which had a negative effect on the member participation. This phenomenon occurred due to the presence of some members in regular farmer group meetings that did not aim to participate in farmer group activities. Hence, there were several efforts to increase farmer participation that required appropriate approaches and strategies in aspects of the role of farmer groups, the utilization of information access, increasing the role of agents of change, and improving the organizing counseling quality.
Keyword: horticultural farming, strategy to increase the participation, the role of farmer groups

Judul: Farmer’s participation to increase the capacity of famers’ institution (case on Farmers’ Group at Province of Central Java)
Abstrak: The capacity of farmers’ group institutions are needed to promote agricultural development, in globalization economic era. Economic indicators, agricultural infrastructures, and government policy often cause small farmer to economically and socially marginalized. Farmers with small size land ownership, marginal rate of return in agriculture sector, agriculture policy which nonalignment to farmer make more difficult to increase their income. On the other side, farmers’ group institutions which are expected be able to strengthen the farmer position face the problems of mismanagement or less effective in improve famers’ livelihood condition. The objectives of the research are to: (1) Identify the degree of member participation in farmers’ group institution, and level of the capacity of farmer group’s institute in managing agriculture resources collectively; (2) Identify and explain various factors affect member participation in farmers’ group institution; (3) Identify and explain various factors affect the capacity of farmes’ group institution; and (4) Formulate an appropriate strategy in capacity building of farmers’ group institution. The data were collected at three district of Center Java Province, namely: Klaten, Grobogan, and Karanganyar. Data obtained through interview by 405 respondents whose members of farmers’ group institutions, 48 local leaders, and informans others. The results show that capacity of farmers’ group institution is still at medium category. Capacity of farmers’ group institution was directly influenced by level of members’ participation in farmer groups’ institution, capacities level of farmer, and dynamic level of learning group. Social economical status (formal education, non-formal education, farmers’ experience in work, famers’ income, famers’ needs, social participation, and learning experience), local leadership, intensity of outsiders’ role, the support of extension were indirectly influenced to the capacity of farmers’ group institution through dynamic of learning group, participation in farmers’ group institution, and farmers’ capacities.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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