Judul: Identifikasi Molekular Babesia bigemina dari Sapi dan Kerbau di Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: Livestock is a crucial industry that significantly contributes to the agricultural sector in Indonesia. Babesiosis is a disease that is transmitted through tick vectors and are caused by blood parasites of the genus Babesia. This disease has caused very significant economic losses. Molecular detection of babesiosis has high sensitivity and specificity. However, currently, the detection of babesiosis using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in Indonesia has not been widely used, especially in the Bogor District. The aim of this study is to identify Babesia bigemina in cattle and buffaloes in the Bogor District using molecular technique. A total of 27 blood samples were collected, consisting of 22 cattle samples and 5 buffalo blood samples. The samples were stained with 10% Giemsa, in addition the blood samples were extracted and proceeded with nested PCR. The results of the blood smear examination showed 81.48% were positive for Babesia spp., while 11.11% were positive for B. bigemina. Based on the type of cattle and buffaloes positive for B. bigemina, the positive rates were 9.09% and 20% respectively. The results of this study provide basic information about the level of Babesia bigemina infection in the Bogor District based on molecular methods. Therefore, programs to prevent and control blood parasitic infections in cattle and buffalo farms needs to be carried out.
Keyword: Babesia bigemina, babesiosis, Bogor, buffalo, cattle, PCR, Babesia bigemina, babesiosis, Bogor, buffalo, cattle, PCR

Judul: Identifikasi Molekuler terhadap Piroplasma pada Sapi dan Kerbau di Bogor
Abstrak: Peternakan merupakan salah satu subsektor yang memegang peranan penting dalam pembangunan pertanian di Indonesia. Piroplasmosis adalah penyakit yang ditularkan melalui caplak yang disebabkan oleh parasit hemoprotozoa dari genus Theileria dan Babesia. Sejauh ini belum ada studi mengenai deteksi piroplasmosis pada sapi dan kerbau di Indonesia dengan menggunakan teknik PCR. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi parasit piroplasma yang dapat menginfeksi sapi dan kerbau dengan menggunakan teknik molekuler. Sebanyak 29 sampel darah sapi dan kerbau dikumpulkan dari berbagai peternakan di Bogor. Metode apusan darah dengan pewarnaan Giemsa digunakan dalam penelitian ini, dilanjutkan dengan metode polymerase chain reaction (PCR) dengan gen target 18s rRNA untuk identifikasi molekuler. Hasil pemeriksaan apusan darah dengan pewarnaan Giemsa menunjukkan bahwa tingkat infeksi piroplasma pada kerbau dan sapi masing-masing adalah 60% dan 87,5%, sedangkan hasil pemeriksaan nested PCR adalah 20% dan 50%. Kerbau betina memiliki tingkat infeksi yang lebih tinggi dari kerbau jantan. Temuan penelitian ini akan memberikan data awal tentang infeksi parasit darah dengan menggunakan prosedur diagnostik piroplasma yang relevan dan akurat., Animal husbandry is one of the subsectors that plays a vital role in agricultural development in Indonesia. Piroplasmosis is a tick-borne disease caused by hemoprotozoa parasites of Theileria and Babesia. So far, no report on piroplasmosis detection studies in cattle and buffalo in Indonesia using PCR technique. This study aimed to identify piroplasm parasites that can infect cattle and buffalo using molecular techniques. Twenty-nine blood samples from cattle and buffalo were collected from various farms in the Bogor area. Giemsa stained blood, followed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method with 18s rRNA as target gene for molecular identification. The results of Giemsa-stained blood smear testing revealed that piroplasma infection rates in buffalo and cattle were 60% and 87,5%, respectively, while the results of nested PCR were 20% and 50%. Female buffalo has a higher rate of infection than male buffalo. The findings of this study will provide preliminary data on blood parasite infections using relevant and accurate piroplasm diagnostic procedures.
Keyword: Bogor, buffalo, cattle, PCR, piroplasma

Judul: Kekonsistenan Hamiltonian pada Gerak Gelombang Interfacial
Abstrak: The interfacial wave is an internal wave that occurs at boundary of two layers fluid. It appears because there is difference of mass density between the two layers. The objective of this thesis is to formulate the motion of internal wave with flat base and flat as well as free upper bound surface. The motion equation obtained is a Hamiltonian system. The Hamiltonian in this system is expressed by variable of wave deviation and horizontal component of potential velocity. Under assumption that interfacial wave moves only in one direction, it can be shown that the Hamiltonian depends on the solution of the wave motion equation. The coefficients of the equation depend on the physical characteristics of the two layers of fluid, i.e. thickness and mass density. The numerical results show that Hamiltonian in the system is constant. It is consistent with Hamiltonian characteristic, which does not depend on time.
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