Judul: Pengaruh Tingkat Pemberian Tepung Daun Gamal (Gliricidia maculata H.B.K.) dalam Ransum terhadap Komponen Tubuh dan Karkas Ayam Pedaging Jantan
Abstrak: Penelitian untuk mempelajari Pengaruh Tingkat Pemberian Tepung Daun Gamal ( Gliricidia maculata H.B.K.) Dalam Ransum Terhadap Komponen Tubuh dan Karkas Ayam Pedaging Jantan telah dilakukan d i Laboratorium Unggas, Jurusan 11- mu Nutrisi dan Makanan Ternak Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, dimulai tanggal 12 November 1983 sampai dengan 23 Desember 1983.
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Judul: Pengaruh tingkat pemberian tepung daun gamal ( Gliricidia maculata H.B.K. ) dalam ransum ayam pedaging terhadap pertumbuhan, konsumsi dan konversinya
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, selama lima minggu dari tanggal 12 Nopem ber sampai dengan tanggal 17 Desember 1983. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pe ngaruh pemberian tepung daun gamal dalam ransum ayam pedaging terhadap pertumbuhan, konsumsi dan konversinya. Dua ratus ekor anak ayam jantan dengan strain CP 707 "final stock" digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan berat rata-rata sebesar 36.48 2.74 gram. Pemberian tepung daun gamal ke dalam ransum masing-masing sebesar 0%, 5%, 10% dan 15% merupakan perlakuan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Pengolahan data secara statistik dari pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi dan konversi ransum dilakukan dengan menggu nakan analisis sidik ragam dan Uji Duncan. Hubungan antara waktu dengan pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi dan konversi ransum dipelajari dengan menggunakan regresi linier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi dari ke empat macam ransum yang diberikan sangat nyata berbeda (PL 0.01). Uji jarak Duncan menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang nyata antara perlakuan tanpa tepung daun gamal, dengan lima persen tepung daun gamal dan sepuluh persen tepung daun gamall terhadap konsumsi ransum, akan tetapi perlakuan tanpa tepung daun gamal berbeda sangat nyata (P0.01) dengan perlakuan yang mengandung 15% tepung daun gamal. Sedang perlakuan dengan 10% dan 15% tepung daun gamal tidak berbeda nyata ter- hadap konsumsi ransum. Umur berpengaruh sangat nyata (P 10.01) terhadap konsum si ransum, demikian pula interaksi perlakuan dan umur sangat nyata. Konsumsi ransum rata-rata per ekor ayam tiap minggu adalah 420.01 gram, 422.59 gram, 403.40 gram, 384.86 gram masing-masing untuk perlakuan tanpa tepung daun gamal, dengan 5%, 10% dan 15% tepung daun gamal. Perlakuan berpengaruh sangat nyata (P <0.01) terhadap pertambahan bobot badan ayam. Rata-rata pertambahan bobot badan ayam adalah 220.10 gram, 209.88 gram, 190.64 gram, 163.60 gram per ekor tiap minggu, masing-masing untuk perlakuan tanpa tepung daun gamal, dengan 5%, 10%, 15 tepung daun gamal. Uji jarak Duncan memperlihatkan bahwa antara ransum tanpa tepung daun gamal dan ransum dengan lima persen tepung daun gamal tidak berbeda nyata terhadap pertambahan bobot badan. ...
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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