Judul: Sistem Informasi Formulasi Ransum Pakan Unggas Menggunakan Linear Programming.
Abstrak: Unggas akan berproduksi dengan baik jika nutrien pada ransum pakannya seimbang dan lengkap sesuai dengan kebutuhannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membuat sistem informasi yang dapat memformulasikan komposisi berbagai bahan pembuatan ransum serta memenuhi kebutuhan nutrien unggas sehingga menghasilkan ransum dengan harga minimum untuk membantu peternak unggas. Informasi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu berbagai bahan pakan dengan harga dan komposisi nutriennya, serta berbagai jenis unggas dengan kebutuhan nutriennya. Sistem informasi formulasi ransum pakan unggas ini dibuat dengan metode pengembangan perangkat lunak extreme programming (XP). Perhitungan formulasi ransum dengan linear programming diimplemetasikan ke dalam kode sistem menggunakan perhitungan sesuai metode simpleks untuk menghasilkan harga minimum dari kombinasi berbagai bahan pakan ransum. Pengujian dilakukan dengan uji unit menggunakan black-box testing dan uji pengguna menggunakan perbandingan dengan aplikasi WinFeed 2.8.
Keyword: extreme programming, formulasi ransum, linear programming, sistem informasi, unggas

Judul: Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Formulasi Pakan Unggas menggunakan Prototyping
Abstrak: Unggas dipelihara untuk dimanfaatkan dan diambil hasilnya sehingga dapat meningkatkan pendapatan para peternak. Pemberian pakan untuk unggas sangat mempengaruhi kualitas dari unggas. Pakan yang optimal akan mempengaruhi mortalitas ternak serta kualitas daging dan telur. Komposisi pakan yang optimal didapatkan dari hasil perhitungan formulasi ransum. Formulasi ransum merupakan upaya untuk mengkombinasikan berbagai macam bahan makanan ternak untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ternak akan zat makanan. Penelitian ini mengembangkan sistem informasi formulasi ransum dengan model pengembangan prototyping yang dapat memudahkan pengguna untuk mengetahui kandungan nutrien ransum dan harga dari bahan pakan.
Keyword: Formulasi Pakan Unggas, Sistem Informasi, Prototyping

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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