Judul: Aktivitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sirih Hijau (Piper betle Linn.) dalam Mempercepat Proses Persembuhan Luka pada Tikus
Abstrak: The aim of this study was to examine the activity of betel ethanol extract for abration skin wound healing process in Sparague-Dawley rats based on gross and microscopic observation (including histopatological and touch specimen). Under aseptic conditions four paravertebral full thickness skin incision performed on the back of 9 male rats. Every wounds were treated with different treatments. The treatments were control, placebo, commercial ointment, and extract betel. Histopatological section from tissue specimens were stained by hematoxylin and eosin and evaluated on first seven days and second seven days after surgery. Touch specimens were stained by Giemsa and evaluated on fourth and tenth day after surgery. The parameters of histopatological are reepitelization, fibroblas, congestion, bleeding, scrab formation, infiltration of inflammatory cell, hair follicle formation, and edema. Afterward, the specimens were grouped in phase of wound healing. Specimens touch parameter was the presence of inflammatory cells. The data were presented descriptively as quantitative data. Macroscopic appearances show that diameter extensive of betel ethanol extract wounds were decrease faster than other treatments. Scoring results of wounds who treated with betel ethanol extract in first seven days and second seven days show that wounds have entered maturation phase compared to other treatment. The specimens touch show that wounds who treated with betel ethanol extract were presenting inflammatory cells in first seven days. The results of this study show that wounds who treated with betel ethanol extract were recover faster than other treatment.
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Judul: Test the Effectiveness of the Combination Gel of Turmeric Nanoparticles and Sea Cucumber: Histopathological Study of Skin Incision Wound Healing
Abstrak: Luka adalah terputusnya kontinuitas jaringan kulit. Luka akan menimbulkan rasa tidak nyaman pada penderitanya. Penelitian ini adalah bagian dari uji pendahuluan untuk mengevaluasi aplikasi kombinasi gel nanopartikel ekstrak kunyit dan jeli gamat untuk proses penyembuhan luka sayat pada tikus Sprague-Dawley berdasarkan pengamatan mikroskopis. Kulit 10 ekor tikus jantan disayat pada bagian punggung. Perlakuan dibagi menjadi lima kelompok yaitu, kontrol negatif (P0), gel kombinasi 0,5% (P1), 1%(P2), 2% (P3), dan kontrol positif (P4). Pengobatan dilakukan setiap hari selama seminggu. Secara histopatologi, spesimen diwarnai dengan Hematoksilin-Eosin untuk mengamati struktur kulit dan AE1/AE3 untuk melihat ekspresi sitokeratin. Pengamatan dievaluasi pada hari ke-2 dan ke-7 pasca perlukaan. Parameter histopatologi yang diamati adalah keropeng, epitelisasi, dan neovaskularisasi. Data disajikan secara deskriptif melalui foto. Hasil pengobatan luka gel kombinasi hari ke-2 dan ke-7 menunjukkan luka mengalami penyembuhan. Penyembuhan pada luka yang diobati dengan gel kombinasi konsentrasi 0,5% paling baik dibandingkan pengobatan konsentrasi lainnya., Wound is a break in the continuity of skin tissue. The wound will cause discomfort in the sufferer. This study is part of a preliminary test to evaluate the application of a combination of turmeric extract nanoparticle and jelly gamat for the wound healing process in Sprague-Dawley rats based on microscopic observations. The skins of 10 male rats were cut 3 cm left lateral area. The treatments were divided into five groups namely, negative control (P0), 0,5% gel combination (P1), 1% (P2), 2% (P3), and positive control (P4). Treatment was given everyday in a week. Histopathologically, the specimens were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin to observe the skin structure and AE1 / AE3 to observe cytokeratin expression. The observations were evaluated on the second and seventh days post-injury. The histopathological parameters observed were scab, epithelial formation, and neovascularization. Data were presented descriptively through light microscope. The results of wound treatment on second and seventh day showed that the wound had a healing process. Healing of wounds treated with a 0.5% combination gel is the best among other consentration of treatment.
Keyword: jelly gamat, microscopic, turmeric, wound healing

Judul: Analysis of Unequal Income Distribution with Cobb-Douglas Production Function
Abstrak: This paper studies the economic growth model by Moav (2002). Moav model shows the existence of unequal income distribution between low-income with high-income community. That kind of unequal income distribution is caused by uneven distribution of income. On this Moav model, there is one area called the threshold. Threshold becomes a benchmark to determining whether a society is categorized into low- or high- income community. The production function used in this paper is the Cobb-Douglas function. The dynamics of this model is described as difference equation of low-income, threshold, and high-income community. Simulation study on the model is carried out using Maple 13 and Mathematica 7.0 software. Overall, from the observed case, high-income community will reach a stable condition earlier, followed by the threshold, and then the low-income community.
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