Judul: Analysis of institutional system in the planning and strategy of  critical land management of bila watershed
Abstrak: Management of critical land of Bila Watershed, which has been conducted since the year 1985-2001, did not achieve appropriate results. Even, critical land and erosion was increasing progressively. This was possibly due among other things to (1) inappropriateness of technology, (2) lack of funding, and (3) institutional weakness. This research was focused on institutional aspects. Th e possible causes of failure in critical land management from institutional point of view were (1) institutional roles which were not optimal, (2) poor performance of management function, (3) weak function of coordination, and (4) program aplication which was not strategic. Therefore, the objectives of this research were analyzing (1) role player institution, (2) performance of management function, (3) factors which affect the weakness of coordination function, and (4) strategic program of critical land management, by using analysis model of Interpretative Structural Modeling, and Analytical Hierarchy Process.
Keyword: Institutional, Critical land, Watershed, Management, Daerah aliran sungai

Judul: Institutional Analysis in Sub Watershed Management of Batulanteh, Sumbawa Regency (Institutional Economics Perspective).
Abstrak: During 21 years (1984 till 2005), more than half of the watershed were demaged (282 of 468 existing watershed). All this time, the secure efforts were limited to optimization natural resources, human resources, and man-made capital. Institutional factor was neglected, so the performance of watershed management has not yet been satisfactory. Therefore, this interesting study done, with the aim are analyzing legislation, the response of government and society to the Act, the variety of property rights, analyze stakeholders, and redesign institutional of sub watershed. The results showed 71,15 percent disposition the authority that was regulated in the Act is not appropriate. This phenomenon means preversi authority and resistive to optimal and sustainability forest management. In the measurement of response rate, both government and community level responses classified as good but not effectively to solve critical land problem in watershed. Property rights regime consist of state property and private property. Those regime have three problems : first, private property is not effective in public domain; secondly, there is illegal utilization in state property caused government incapabilty to protect their property rights; last, unclear position KPH organization, due to loss of exclusion. In the stakeholder analysis shows the fact that the overall stakeholder have mutual support against the interes of each other. But overall the stakeholders have not been fully involved in the management of sub watershed, including stakeholders who have great influence. The result from analysis of institutional design recommend to correction the act level and organization structure.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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