Judul: The Development of Troll Lines Using Fish Agregation Device (FADs) on Puger Waters, East Java.
Abstrak: Nowdays fisheries sector is undergoing a crisis in global dimensions for the last few years and it has led to the unsustainable consumption, overfishing, as well as the increasing of pollution and climate change distribution. One of the utilization of fisheries resources is tuna especially in South coast Java Seas included Puger seas. Tunas are catched by troll lines using FADs. the using of troll lines and FADs have been found on small scale fisheries. The increasing troll line fleet was caused by the rising number of FAD on Puger water and it has caused bad influence toward the fish stock and social environment which has led to a conflict between fishermen and stakeholders. They usually fought on existing fish stock and it stepped to another conflict. The fish quality from troll line fleet was not feasible due to bad fish handling on board. Another problem that occured on troll line fishery in the Atlantic Ocean was the increasing number of catch unit around the FAD and had caused the declining of tuna fish production and size which economically not favorable and cannot be exported because it must fit the minimum weight requirement of 25 kg. The objectives of this research is to evaluate the FAD equiped troll line fishery and formulating the troll line fishery management strategy on the water of Puger in East Java. This research could be beneficial for stakeholders about the FAD influence on troll line fishery in Puger and as information for academician and researcher about tuna quality that was landed on Puger fishing port and this research could be as recommendation for the local government and related fishery department in managing the troll line equiped with FAD. This research was conducted on January until May 2013 on Puger Fishing Port in Jember East Java when the lean season of Tuna occured at that time. The choice of this location was triggered by the leak of information about troll line fishery around the FAD area in the water of Puger. Two types of data were collected in this research. The secondary data was statistic data which collected from the Puger fish landing port, Veterinar Fishery and Marine Department of Jember Region, BPPPI Department (Balai Pengelola Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan), Marine and Fisheries Department of East Java. The primary data was collected by interviewing the stakeholders, fishermen, boat owner, fish landing port department and wholesaler also. Result showed the average value of troll line production in the last five years increased by 1436,7 kg/unit. Because of the high fish exploitation on Puger Water the tuna fish size that were landed did not conform the export criteria where the ideal body length interval is 40-49 cm. The tuna organoleptic value in Puger were dominated by scale 6 which did not conform the standard quality also. This was caused by unappropriate post catch fish handling that was done onboard by the fishermen. The main focus was to manage the troll line fishery in Puger which was equipped with FAD. Things that need to be done to solve these problem is by
Keyword: FADs, tuna, social conflict, catch composition, strategy of development.

Judul: Management System of Troll Fisheries with Fish Aggregating Device (FAD) in PPP Pondokdadap Sendang Biru, Malang, East Java
Abstrak: Technical problems of troll fisheries operation with FAD is limited area for fishing activities because many FADs onshore, so the fishermen forced to make fishing operation in the more distant waters, about 50-200 miles of shoreline. The tendency of increasing fish prices in PPP Pondokdadap make many fisherman outside the area make catches in Sendang Biru fishing trolling areas and landing their catch in PPP Pondokdadap. This condition will certainly increase the fishing effort that have an impact on fish resources. Decreasing the size of the fish species like tuna are already beginning to be happened, and economically can reduce the selling price of fish that can be detrimental to fishermen. Not to mention the price influenced is done by pengambek (middlemen) at the time of purchasing the catch from the fishermen. The existence of economic dependency relationships between fishermen and pengambek make fishermen do not want to question the conditions that occur, thus adversely affecting the social conditions between fishermen and pengambek. Operation of trolling fisheries unit actually causes horizontal conflicts among fishermen. The conflict occurred due to a lack of cohesion among the fishermen to keep each other waters and fishery resources. The role of fishermen's organizations in particular fisheries institutional Rukun Jaya and government indispensable. The role of Rukun Jaya for society, especially for fishermen of troll fisheries in Sendang Biru is still lacking that needed improvement and active co-operation of all the components involved that the purpose of a good fishery system can be achieved optimally. Complexity of the problems in troll fisheries system with FADs in PPP Pondokdadap requires completion with attention-related aspects. Solving can be done with implementing the conceptual models. Conceptual models recommended in this study consists of 4, namely (1) developing and implementating of local regulation for monitoring, controlling, and survaillance of fishing ground in Southern water of Malang Regency, (2) manufacturing and using of SOP licensing by local government, (3) formulating the fishing operation of troll fisheries with FAD unit in PPP Pondokdadap, (4) monitoring the fish transaction mechanism in fish auction of PPP Pondokdadap. The implementation of the conceptual models can be done with a variety of strategies, involving all components of fisheries such as fisherman, pengambek, organization of fishermen and government.
Keyword: troll fisheries, fisheries system, soft system methodology

Judul: Penentuan Nilai Eigen dan Vektor Eigen dari Matriks Tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz dengan Pendekatan Polinomial Chebyshev
Abstrak: The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a matrix can be determined by finding its characteristic polynomials. The characteristic polynomials of a tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz matrix is shown to be closely connected to polynomials which satisfy the Chebyshev recurrence relationship. If the order of the matrix is odd, then the eigenvalues are found explicitly in terms of the Chebyshev zeros and the eigenvectors are found in terms of the polynomials satisfying the recurrence relationship. For even ordered matrices, the situation is more complicated. The problem in these cases is that although the Chebyshev recurrence formula is still applied, its initial values are not generating Chebyshev polynomials
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