Judul: Pola Keragaman Genetik Tanaman Kunyit (Curcuma longa Linn.) dan Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) Asal Pulau Jawa dengan PCR-RAPD
Abstrak: Turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.) and Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) are Indonesian medicinal plants which nutritious for improving health. The pattern of genetic diversity and genetic relationship of these rhizome plants are not well known yet. The purpose of this research to analyze the pattern of genetic diversity and genetic relationship both plants using Polymerase Chain Reaction- Random Amplified Polymorhic DNA (PCR-RAPD). The sample used in this research include 6 turmeric plants from Bogor, Wonogiri, Karanganyar, Sukabumi and Ngawi; and 5 temulawak plants from Bogor, Wonogiri, Sragen, Karanganyar and Sukabumi. Stage of these research include DNA isolation; DNA amplification; and analysis pattern of genetic diversity and genetic relationship using NTSYS 2.02. The result of these research showed that isolation DNA was done successfully. The result of DNA isolation generally has a fairly good purity. The purity values of turmeric and temulawak in sequence were 1.093-1.417 and 1.044-1.544. The number of bands that arise from DNA amplification of turmeric and temulawak in sequence were 131 and 132 locus. The number of amplification bands mixed results and different sizes for each sample show the patterns of genetic diversity found in turmeric and temulawak plants. The closest genetic relationship showed by turmeric plants from Sukabumi and Ngawi; and temulawak plants from Bogor and Sukabumi. Genetic similarity coefficient ranged from turmeric plants and temulawak plants in sequence are 54%-92% and 55 %-83 %.
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Judul: Analisis Keragaman Genetik Kunyit (Curcuma longa Linn.) Dan Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) Budidaya Tanah Jawa Berdasarkan Penanda Molekuler RAPD
Abstrak: Penanda molekuler RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) merupakan salah satu teknik yang digunakan dalam analisis keragaman genetik tanaman. Kunyit (Curcuma longa Linn.) dan temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) sebagai tanaman obat herbal potensial memiliki distribusi luas di wilayah Indonesia yang dapat berpengaruh terhadap pola keragaman genetiknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola keragaman genetik dari 12 sampel genus Curcuma yang berasal dari berbagai daerah di Pulau Jawa. Penelitian diawali dengan optimasi isolasi DNA dan amplifikasi DNA, hingga analisis lokus dan konstruksi pohon filogenetik menggunakan metode UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method Arithmatic Mean) dari software NTSYS. Modifikasi protokol isolasi DNA dengan penambahan Proteinase K setelah proses inkubasi dan RNAse setelah proses pencucian menunjukkan hasil paling baik. DNA yang diisolasi memiliki ukuran berkisar pada 9000 bp dengan kualitas pita yang cukup baik. Amplifikasi DNA dengan 20 primer acak terpilih pada 7 sampel kunyit menghasilkan 278 pita DNA dari 177 lokus, dan pada 5 sampel temulawak menghasilkan 184 pita DNA dari 143 lokus yang seluruhnya merupakan pita polimorfik. Analisis kemiripan genetik 7 varietas Curcuma longa Linn. menunjukkan nilai koefisien kemiripan genetik sebesar 42.37% - 94.35% dan 19.58% - 85.31% pada 5 varietas Curcuma xanthorrhhiza Roxb. Hasil pengelompokan pada nilai koefisien kemiripan genetik 51.65% dan 33.17% menunjukkan bahwa 7 varietas kunyit dan 5 varietas temulawak yang diteliti berasal dari dua kelompok besar.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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