Judul: Analisis in vitro Toleransi Isolat Bakteri Asam Laktat asal Daging Sapi terhadap pH Lambung, pH Usus dan Garam Empedu sebagai Kandidat Probiotik.
Abstrak: Bakteri asam laktat merupakan mikroflora normal daging sehingga lebih sesuai bila dijadikan kultur starter untuk pengolahan produk fermentasi yang berasal dari daging. Syarat utama suatu isolat berpotensi sebagai probiotik adalah memiliki toleransi yang tinggi terhadap asam lambung dan garam empedu dalam saluran pencernaan. Kondisi kritikal yang harus dihadapi bakteri probiotik dalam saluran pencernaan manusia dimulai dari lambung, yaitu bakteri harus mampu bertahan terhadap pH yang sangat rendah (pH 2,0) selama minimal 90 menit. Bakteri probiotik selanjutnya memasuki saluran usus bagian atas (pH 7,2) yang merupakan tempat disekresikan garam empedu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan seleksi bakteri asam laktat hasil isolasi dari daging sapi dari pasar tradisional di kabupaten Bogor (Arief et al., 2006) untuk mendapatkan kandidat isolat probiotik yang mempunyai karakteristik pertumbuhan terbaik dalam kondisi lingkungan asam kuat HCl sesuai dalam lambung dan adanya garam empedu (0,3%) sesuai usus halus.
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Judul: Analisis in vitro toleransi isolat bakteri asam laktat asal daging sapi terhadap pH lambung, pH usus dan garam empedu sebagai kandidat probiotik
Abstrak: Lactic acid bacteria have been reported to be useful as a health adjunct and are commonly added to food as delivery mechanism. As candidate for probiotic, lactic acid bacteria should have the ability to survive in the digestion process such as resistance towards gastrointestinal tract pH and bile salt concentrations. Lactic acid bacteria utilised in this research were isolated from meat. Twenty eight isolates of lactic acid bacteria selected for their resistancy towards gastric juice pH (pH 2,0) and small intestines pH (pH 7,2) with 0,3% bile salt under in vitro conditions. The result showed that all strains well grown in small intestines pH (pH 7,2), but only 10 isolates had good resistance to gastric juice pH. There were significant difference among theme (P<0,05). Bile salt 0,3% with pH 7,2 influenced significantly the growth of lactic acid bacteria selected at gastric juice condition showed that only three strains (1A5, 2B4, and 1B1) showed tolerance (P<0,05) could be used as probiotics candidate in further applications.
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Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell