Judul: Proyeksi Potensi Epidemi Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri (Xanthomonas oryzae) pada Tanaman Padi dengan Model EPIRICE (Studi Kasus : Provinsi Jawa Timur)
Abstrak: Serangan penyakit hawar daun bakteri merupakan salah satu permasalahan yang menghambat upaya peningkatan produksi padi. Model EPIRICE dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menganalisis pengaruh perubahan iklim terhadap potensi serangan penyakit hawar daun bakteri pada masa mendatang. Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan dan menganalisis daerah yang berpotensi mengalami serangan penyakit hawar daun bakteri serta menganalisis dampak perubahan iklim terhadap potensi serangan penyakit hawar daun bakteri. Analisis pengaruh perubahan iklim dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan model iklim CSIRO Mk3-6-0 dan MIROC5 dengan skenario proyeksi perubahan iklim RCP 4.5 dan RCP 8.5. Perubahan iklim berupa peningkatan suhu udara menyebabkan potensi serangan penyakit hawar daun bakteri (Xanthomonas oryzae) yang dinyatakan dengan peramater AUDPC untuk periode 2030 dan 2050 mengalami penurunan dibandingkan periode baseline (2003-2005). Potensi serangan penyakit hawar daun bakteri berdasarkan skenario RCP 8.5 mengalami penurunan lebih besar dibandingkan skenario RCP 4.5. Wilayah dengan potensi serangan penyakit hawar daun bakteri tertinggi yaitu Kabupaten Ponorogo pada tahun 2030 dan Kabupaten Kediri pada tahun 2050.
Keyword: perubahan iklim, AUDPC, CSIRO Mk3-6-0, MIROC5

Judul: Pemanfaatan Data Curah Hujan Untuk Prediksi Sebaran Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri Menggunakan Model SMCE (spatial multi criteria evaluation) Studi kasus: Tanaman Padi di Kabupaten Karawang
Abstrak: The potency of loss out caused by Bacterial Leaf Blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae shows the importance of plant disease controlling based on attack potention analysis. Rainfall is one of importan factor that affected distribution of BLB. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effect of rainfall toward prediction about distribution of BLB with spacial method using SMCE model. The result shows that distribution of BLB much affected by rainfall. Higher rainfall affected more distribution of Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae. The high distribution of BLB is occured during rainfall of 50mm – 172 mm, with highest accumulation of rainfall within two weeks are 174 mm. If the rice plant attacked by bacterial when it was young stage until generatif phase, it's production will decrease. Karawang Regency have a medium distribution of bacterial with large enough distribution areas. Prediction result of BLB distribution using SMCE model shows that the areas that susceptible attacked from February until March 2011 in Karawang Regency are some of Lemahabang, Talagasari, Tirta Mulya, Purwasari, Klari, Batujaya, Rawamerta, Bayusari, some of Cibuaya and Jatisari.
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Judul: Categorization in Macaca fascicularis.
Abstrak: Categorization is an ability to group individuals or events into different classes mediated by conceptualized mental images. There are several levels of categorization and within a taxonomy the levels are nested. At the most concrete level of categorization, all or most members of the category shared common physical attributes that differ from other categories. The higher the level of category, the fewer common attributes between members of the group. In addition to humans, the ability to categorize has also been proposed in animals. One example of categorization in animal is species discrimination. Using matching-tosample task, present experiment tested ability of the long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) in discriminating dichotomous-stimuli of different animals. The species has been shown to be able to see photos as representations of real object so I used facial photos of humans and animals for the stimuli. First, I tested their ability to classify humans and macaques into separate group. Second, I tested their ability to discriminate their conspecific from other macaques. And the last, I tested whether the subjects were able to discriminate non-human animals from humans. In all of these experiments I found that the subjects showed high performance in categorizing objects, even when I discarded details of visual informations, such as color and local shapes. The ability to identify objects with reduced representation of physical properties means the subjects were able to generalize attributes of members of the group. This would indicate that the subjects created a higher level abstraction. On the other hand, in discriminating intrageneric macaque species I found that they were able to extract uniqueness of each species. More over, I also found that the subjects were able to put photos of non-human animals that shared very few similarities in physical percepts into one group. I suggested that the subjects could create a more abstract concept based on non-percepts relations as a basis to put the objects into one category. Thus, I concluded that M. fascicularis were able to perform multiple levels of categorizations.
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