Judul: Tree Health Analysis for Apocynaceae, Myristicaceae, Flacourtiaceae, Achariaceae, and Salicaceae Families in Bogor Botanical Garden (BBG)
Abstrak: Bogor Botanical gardens (BBG) is a world professional plant collection with important assets whose existence needs to be maintained. Tree damage in BBG should be recognized appropriately by knowing the type and location as well as the extent of the damage. The type of damage is commonly found is Heart rot, Weathered wood, Gall Rust of 36% of the total cases found. Damage's area to the tree found a total of 9 areas with as much damage as it was located on the midway between crown and stump is as much as 45%. About 50 % of total tree damage is very healthy with Cluster Level Index’s score is 2.93, and a study site can be categorized as normal or healthy. Organization of trees with the value of the mischief to the trees should be checked consistently utilizing FHM technique and the information of the presence of such trees makes certain to be encouraged to the visitors, so they can travel safety., Kebun Raya Bogor (KRB) merupakan tempat koleksi tumbuhan kelas dunia dengan aset penting yang keberadaannya perlu dipertahankan. Kerusakan pohon di KRB harus dikenali secara tepat dengan mengetahui jenis dan lokasi serta tingkat kerusakannya. Jenis kerusakan yang sering ditemukan adalah busuk hati, kayu lapuk, dan karat tumor sebesar 36% dari total kasus yang ditemukan. Kerusakan pohon yang ditemukan di 9 lokasi dengan jumlah kerusakan yang terbanyak terletak di tengah-tengah antara dasar tajuk dan batang bagian bawah adalah sebesar (45%). Sekitar 50% pohon dikategorikan sangat sehat dengan nilai Plot Level Index 2.93, sehingga pada lokasi penelitian dapat dikategorikan normal atau sehat. Pengelolaan arboreal pada pohon dapat diperiksa dengan baik menggunakan metode FHM, dan informasi mengenai keberadaan pohon-pohon ini perlu didorong untuk memastikan bahwa pengunjung dapat berwisata dengan aman.
Keyword: Forest health monitoring, level health of trees, severity, location, tree damage

Judul: Tree Health Analysis for Apocynaceae, Myristicaceae, Flacourtiaceae, Achariaceae, and Salicaceae Families in Bogor Botanical Garden (BBG)
Abstrak: Bogor Botanical gardens (BBG) is a world professional plant collection with important assets whose existence needs to be maintained. Tree damage in BBG should be recognized appropriately by knowing the type and location as well as the extent of the damage. The type of damage is commonly found is Heart rot, Weathered wood, Gall Rust of 36% of the total cases found. Damage's area to the tree found a total of 9 areas with as much damage as it was located on the midway between crown and stump is as much as 45%. About 50 % of total tree damage is very healthy with Cluster Level Index’s score is 2.93, and a study site can be categorized as normal or healthy. Organization of trees with the value of the mischief to the trees should be checked consistently utilizing FHM technique and the information of the presence of such trees makes certain to be encouraged to the visitors, so they can travel safety., Kebun Raya Bogor (KRB) merupakan tempat koleksi tumbuhan kelas dunia dengan aset penting yang keberadaannya perlu dipertahankan. Kerusakan pohon di KRB harus dikenali secara tepat dengan mengetahui jenis dan lokasi serta tingkat kerusakannya. Jenis kerusakan yang sering ditemukan adalah busuk hati, kayu lapuk, dan karat tumor sebesar 36% dari total kasus yang ditemukan. Kerusakan pohon yang ditemukan di 9 lokasi dengan jumlah kerusakan yang terbanyak terletak di tengah-tengah antara dasar tajuk dan batang bagian bawah adalah sebesar (45%). Sekitar 50% pohon dikategorikan sangat sehat dengan nilai Plot Level Index 2.93, sehingga pada lokasi penelitian dapat dikategorikan normal atau sehat. Pengelolaan arboreal pada pohon dapat diperiksa dengan baik menggunakan metode FHM, dan informasi mengenai keberadaan pohon-pohon ini perlu didorong untuk memastikan bahwa pengunjung dapat berwisata dengan aman.
Keyword: Forest health monitoring, Level health of trees, Location, Severity, Tree damage

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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