Judul: Efisiensi Industri Penggilingan Padi, Studi Kasus: Dua Kecamatan di Kabupaten Cianjur, Provinsi Jawa Barat.
Abstrak: Rice is one of the main staple foods in Indonesia. In 2012, Indonesian consumption of rice is high, approximately 139 kilogram per capita per year (Pambudy, 2012). Rice is a political commodity that can be an indicator for national stability. Rice is also an important economic indicator in which, rice price is able to reflect the inflation rate and the minimum income in Indonesia. Rice has an important role for the life of Indonesia’s society. Hence, availability of the rice must be able to be guaranteed. Governmental efforts to keep the availability of rice are done through established policies, ranging from the production, distribution, and consumption of rice. Rice milling industry as an important link in paddy processing into rice is required to contribute provision of national rice in terms of quantity and quality. Performance of rice milling industry needs to be developed and improved (Budiharti, Harsono, & Juliana, 2003). In 2002, the number of the rice milling is 109,000 units. It is dominated by small-scale by 95 percent and the rest is large-scale. The average yield that is produced by small rice milling is still low at only 60 percent, medium rice milling is 64 percent, and large rice milling is 65 percent of each dry milled grain that milled in each rice milling. Generally, small scale rice millings are an investment in the 1960s until 1980s (Sawit, 2011). While in 2008, the number of rice milling is decrease. It is about 108,512 units (Thahir, 2010). Rice milling industry plays an important role in the processing side, is expected to work efficiently and effectively, in order to increasing a national rice production. This is especially with respect to start attainment surplus by 10 million tons of rice in 2014. This is evidenced by milling ratio and quality of rice produced (Nazaruddin, 2012). This study is aimed to describe characteristic and determine relative efficiency of rice milling industry in Gekbrong and Warungkondang, Cianjur Regency, West Java Province. This study used 94 rice millers that selected purposively, which in 44 units are in Gekbrong and 50 units are in Warungkondang by used questionnaire. Data processing was conducted by used output orientated and variable return to scale (VRS) DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) model. Determination of efficiency was reffered to Koopmans definition. Rice miller was efficient if operates on the frontier (efficiency score/ES equal to one) and achieves zero slack of all variables used. In addition, to overcome the difference between to sub-districts, a comparative analysis was conducted by using statistical Minitab Release 13.20. Mostly, owner of rice millers were male, rice miller business as main job, and ownership of rice miller was private. Rice milling industry was dominated by makloon type. This type offered milling service to consumers and had small x capacity. This study concluded that rice milling industry in study site was inefficient. This study was case study of rice milling industry. So, it could not be generalized to general condition of Indonesian including differences of sample size, observations type, location, and so forth. Further research can uses other method or tools
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Judul: Analisis Biaya dan Kelayakan Usaha Penggilingan Padi di Kelurahan Situ Gede, Kecamatan Bogor Barat.
Abstrak: One important aspect of post-harvest handling of rice is rice milling. Although many rice milling unit, but deployment and their feasibility has not so optimal.This situation requires an evaluation and needs analysis to assess the optimum level making it feasible to operate profitably. The research objective is to create a cost analysis and feasibility of rice mills and to make sensitivity analysis on several conditions. The study was conducted for 3 months, from May 2010 until July 2010. Using Mr Kardi’s rice milling unit as an objects for the research where located at Situ Gede Village in West Bogor. Based on the calculation of the cost analysis, obtained total cost rice mill for a year is Rp. 37,033,093.194. Main cost produced per kilogram of rice at Rp. 283.8. Breakeven point values obtained for rice mills is 139.19hours / year or 35,342.784 kg of paddy / year. In addition, based on sensitivity analysis, obtained value net present value (NPV) is Rp. 168,628,529.933, the internal rate of return (IRR) is 40.11, and the gross value of B / C ratio is 1.50. Based on that results, we can conclude Kardi’s rice mill unit is feasible to run. After that, a sensitivity analysis was performed on several conditions that may occur. The selected conditions is rising diesel fuel prices, rising labor wage, and decrease the amount of annual milled. After calculating the sensitivity analysis, obtained some conditions which may cause the rice mill is not feasible to run.
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Judul: Embriogenesis ikan buta (Astyanax fasciatus)
Abstrak: Ikan buta Astyanax fasciatus adalah spesies ikan unik dari famili Characidae yang menempati perairan dalam gua di Wilayah La Cueva Chica-San Luis Potasi-Mexico. Ikan ini memiliki mata yang tereduksi (Blind Cavefish) dan warna kulit merah muda, pucat serta mengkilap.
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