Judul: Risk Analysis on the Hairtail Supply Chain Landed at Palabuhanratu Archipelago Fishery Port, Sukabumi
Abstrak: Aktivitas rantai pasok ikan layur di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Palabuhanratu tidak terlepas dari risiko. Analisis risiko pada rantai pasok ikan layur diharapkan dapat meminimumkan risiko yang mungkin terjadi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi struktur rantai pasok ikan layur, menganalisis risiko pada rantai pasok ikan layur, dan merumuskan strategi dalam upaya meminimumkan risiko rantai pasok ikan layur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode accidental sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua pola aliran distribusi ikan layur di Palabuhanratu, Akar penyebab masalah yang dominan adalah masalah penanganan, yang menimbulkan empat jenis risiko yaitu risiko di atas kapal, risiko di dermaga, risiko di perusahaan ekspor (CV. Duta), dan risiko di pasar lokal, dengan tingkat risiko yang berbeda-beda. Strategi dalam upaya meminimumkan risiko rantai pasok ikan layur di Palabuhanratu ialah mengembangkan perikanan layur berkelanjutan, mengembangkan teknologi penanganan ikan layur yang baik dan efisien, menerapkan standar dan pelatihan kualitas nelayan menyediakan fasilitas gudang penyimpanan dingin (cold storage), membuat forum kerjasama nelayan layur, meningkatkan manajemen usaha dan kerjasama antar kelompok nelayan., Activities associated with the hairtail supply chain at the Palabuhanratu Archipelago Fishery Port are not risk-free. Analyzing the hairtail supply chain's risk is intended to help reduce potential dangers. This study's objectives were to define the hairtail supply chain's organizational structure, assess its risks, and develop solutions to reduce that chain's risk. Accidental sampling is the method used in this study. The findings indicated two distinct distribution patterns for hairtail at Palabuhanratu. The main source of the issue was handling issues, which led to different forms of risk with varying degrees: risk on board, risk at the dock, risk in export enterprises (CV. Duta), and risk in the local market. A sustainable hairtail fishery is being developed at Palabuhanratu to reduce risk in the hairtail supply chain, as are effective hairtail handling techniques, putting in place quality requirements and training for fishermen who provide cold storage facilities for warehouses (cold storage), offering a venue for hairtail fishermen to collaborate and enhance business management and intergroup cooperation.
Keyword: ikan layur, Palabuhanratu, rantai pasok, risiko

Judul: Analysis of the Fishing System for Hairtail Fish (Trichiurus sp.) at the Cikidang Fish Landing Base, Pangandaran Regency
Abstrak: Penurunan sumberdaya ikan layur di perairan Pangandaran dikhawatirkan akan berdampak kepada kegiatan perikanan layur di Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan Cikidang, Namun informasi mengenai kegiatan perikanan layur masih belum banyak dikaji secara ilmiah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi perikanan layur saat ini, menganalisis faktor-faktor penurunan hasil tangkapan layur, menyusun strategi pengembangan perikanan layur di kawasan Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan Cikidang, Kabupaten Pangandaran. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah pengumpulan data statistik dan wawancara dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan berupa analisis deskriptif, pendekatan sistem, dan SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa nelayan menggunakan gillnet dan pancing ulur dengan kapal berukuran ≤ 5 GT untuk menangkap ikan layur. Mesh size badan pada gillnet yang digunakan berukuran 0,5 – 1 inci, The decline in hairtail fish (Trichiurus sp.) resources in Pangandaran waters is feared to have an impact on hairtail fish activities at the Cikidang Fish Landing Base, but information about hairtail fish activities is still not widely studied scientifically. This study aims to determine the current condition of hairtail fish, analyze the factors of decreasing hairtail fish catches, develop strategies for the development of hairtail fish in at the Cikidang Fish Landing Base area, Pangandaran Regency. The data collection method used is statistical data collection and interviews with purposive sampling techniques. Data analysis used in the form of descriptive analysis, system approach, and SWOT. The results showed that fishermen used gillnets and hand lines with vessels measuring ≤ 5 GT to catch hairtail fish. The body mesh size of the gillnet used is 0.5 – 1 inch
Keyword: Analisis, sistem, perikanan layur

Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell