Judul: Effectivity of some Soil Amelioration to Rice Productivity on Peat Soil
Abstrak: Banyak faktor pembatas yang ditemui pada pemanfaatan lahan gambut untuk pengembangan pertanian, diantaranya tingkat kemasaman, kejenuhan basa rendah, keracunan asam-asam organik, dan defisiensi unsur hara. Amelioran berperan untuk memperbaiki kesuburan tanah gambut yaitu memperbaiki lingkungan akar bagi pertumbuhan tanaman melalui peningkatan pH, penurunan asam-asam organik dan kadar ion-ion toksik, dan meningkatkan ketersediaan hara. Amelioran yang mengandung kation polivalen (Fe, Al, Cu, dan Zn) seperti terak baja ,tanah mineral laterit atau lumpur sungai efektif mengurangi dampak buruk asam fenolat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari: 1) pengaruh aplikasi bahan amelioran dalam memperbaiki sifat kimia tanah gambut, 2) suhu pembakaran amelioran tras dan dolomit terhadap ketersediaan silika tanah gambut, 3) pengaruh aplikasi bahan amelioran terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi (berat kering biomas dan berat kering gabah) tanaman padi. Percobaan rumah kaca dan inkubasi tanah gambut di laboratorium merupakan percobaan faktor tunggal. Percobaan inkubasi laboratorium dengan 13 perlakuan dan empat ulangan, sehingga diperoleh 52 satuan percobaan. Sedangkan untuk percobaan pot dengan tanaman padi di rumah kaca dengan 14 perlakuan dan empat ulangan, diperoleh 56 satuan percobaan. Rancangan yang digunakan yaitu rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Data pengamatan dianalisis secara statistik, dan analisis ragam dilakukan untuk melihat pengaruh nyata perlakuan terhadap peubah yang diamati menggunakan analysis of variance (ANOVA) pada selang kepercayaan α ≤ 5%, jika perlakuan berpengaruh nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) dengan α ≤ 5% . Hasil penelitian yaitu 1)aplikasi amelioran Slag dan dolomit berpengaruh nyata dalam meningkatkan pH, kejenuhan basa (KB), dan kadar hara (Ca dan Mg), namun aplikasi slag lebih baik dalam memperbaiki kondisi kimia pada tanah gambut, selain meningkatkan pH, KB, kadar hara Ca, juga meningkatkan kadar silika, kadar abu dan Fe sebagai kation polivalen. 2) Pembakaran amelioran tras+dolomit (TD) tidak berpengaruh nyata dalam meningkatkan ketersedian kadar silika pada tanah gambut. 3)Aplikasi amelioran slag berpengaruh nyata dalam meningkatkan bobot kering biomas dan bobot kering gabah (BKG) pada tanaman padi. Amelioran terbaik yaitu slag dibandingkan tras, dolomit atau kombinasi [tras+dolomit (TD) dengan slag]., Many limiting factors are encountered on peatland utilization for agricultural develompment, such as soil acidity, low base saturation, organic acid poisoning, and nutrient deficiency. Soil peat amelioration has important role on improvement of soil peat fertility such as on increasing soil pH, reducing organic acid and toxic ions, and also increasing nutrients availability. Soil amelioration with polyvalent cations (Fe Al Cu Zn) namely slag, lateritic soils, and river mud are effectively reducing toxicity of phenolic acid. The objectives of the study were to determine: 1) the effect of soil amelioration on peat soil chemical properties, burning temperature of amelioran tras and dolomite on the availability of silica in peat soil, 3) effect of soil amelioration application on growth and production (both biomass and yield). Greenhouse experiments and soil incubation in the laboratory is a single factor experiment. Laboratory incubation experiments with 13 treatments and 4 replication, so as to obtain 52 units of experiment. While for pot experiment with rice plant in greenhouse with 14 treatments and 4 replication, obtained 56 experiment unit. The design used was the complete randomized design (CRD). The observational data were analyzed statistically,
Keyword: organic acids, amelioration, silica, paddy, peat soil, Agriculture, Peatland, Sal acidity

Judul: Pemberian Abu Volkan dan Kombinasinya dengan Slag untuk Peningkatan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Padi di Tanah Gambut
Abstrak: In Java, the rate of population growth increases while agricultural land decreases. The decrease of agricultural land are due to conversion. The decrease of agricultural land in Java must be substituted by other land. One of the land is peat soil. However, peat soil has low fertility. This is due to acid soil pH and low nutrient availability. One of the efforts to increase fertility of peat soil is application of ameliorants. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the effect of volcanic ash and its combination with slag to the changes of chemical properties of peat soil, rice growth, and the efficiency of N, P, and K absorption. The experiment was conducted in completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 replications. It consisted of standard treatment, control treatment, 3% volcanic ash, 6% volcanic ash, 9% volcanic ash, 5% volcanic ash without slag (0%), 1.25% slag + 3.75% volcanic ash, 2.5% slag + 2.5% volcanic ash, 3.75% slag + 1.25% volcanic ash, and 5% slag without volcanic ash (0%). The rice of variety that was used namely Ciherang. The results showed that the combination treatment of 3.75% slag + 1.25% volcanic ash increased soil pH of peat soil, exchangeable of Ca and Mg, N-total and available P in peat soil. The combination treatment of 3.75% slag + 1.25% volcanic ash also increased the rice growth. Those values were higher significantly than those of single treatment of volcanic ash, standard treatment, and control treatment. In addition, the combination treatment of 3.75% slag + 1.25% volcanic ash significantly increased the plant uptake of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and Si. The combination treatment of 3.75% slag + 1.25% volcanic ash increased the efficiency of N, P, and K absorption. Those values were higher than those of single treatment of volcanic ash and standard treatment. The combination treatment of 3.75% slag + 1.25% volcanic ash was the best treatment as ameliorant for improving the fertility of peat soil, increasing rice growth and increasing the efficiency of N, P, and K absorption.
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Judul: Ornithonyssus Bursa (Berlese, 1888) Famili Macronyssidae yang Menyerang Unggas Dan Penaggulangannnya
Abstrak: Ornithonyssus bursa adalah tungau penghisap darah pada unggas di daerah tropis dan subtropis. Tungau ini relatif kecil, dengan panjang tubuh antara 700-1000 mikron dan lebarnya 250-490 mikron. Tubuhnya bulat berwarna coklat kekuningan sebelum menghisap darh dan berwarna merah setelah menghisap darah dari induk semangnya.
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