Judul: Neuroregeration Analysis in Mice’s (Mus musculus) Brain After Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Treatment
Abstrak: Demensia merupakan penyakit neurodegeneratif yang paling banyak diderita oleh lansia di seluruh dunia. Hingga kini, belum ada metode yang efektif sepenuhnya untuk mengobati demensia. Salah satu metode terapi yang telah banyak diteliti mampu untuk menghambat demensia semakin parah adalah terapi sel punca manusia. Namun, data mengenai uji praklinis mengenai hal tersebut masih terbatas. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh sel punca mesenkimal tali pusar manusia terhadap jaringan otak mencit (Mus musculus). Mencit dibagi ke dalam 3 kelompok perlakuan, yaitu Kontrol, Conditioned Medium, dan Stem Cell. Metode penelitian meliputi pemberian perlakuan, pemeliharaan selama 14 hari, nekropsi dan isolasi organ, pembuatan preparat histopatologi, analisis fotomikrograf, dan analisis statistik. Data yang dihimpun meliputi data perpanjangan axon, morfologi sel (neuron, astrosit, oligodendrosit, dan mikroglia), dan proporsi setiap jenis sel. Proliferasi neuron di kelompok Conditioned Medium dan Stem Cell meningkat yang ditandai oleh keberadaan immature neuron yang axonnya pendek di kedua kelompok tersebut dan peningkatan populasi dark neuron pada kelompok Stem Cell. Aplikasi sel punca berpotensi meningkatkan neuroregenerasi pada jaringan otak mencit. Tidak terjadi peradangan atau gangguan lain pada jaringan otak setelah aplikasi sel punca beserta conditioned medium-nya., Dementia is the most common neurodegenerative disease suffered by the elderly worldwide. There’s no fully effective method to treat dementia, yet. One of the therapeutic methods that have been widely studied to cure dementia is human stem cell therapy. However, information about preclinical trials on this subject are still limited. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells to the mice’s brain tissue. The subjects (mices) were divided into 3 groups, namely Control, Conditioned Medium, and Stem Cell. The research methods consist of treatment, subject maintenance for 14 days, necropsy and organ isolation, histopathological slides preparations, photomicrograph analysis, and statistical analysis. The data collected includes axon extensions, cell morphology (neuron, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglias), and proportion data of each cell type. The proliferation of neurons in Conditioned Medium and Stem Cell groups increased significantly which was indicated by the presence of immature neurons with short axons in both groups and an increase of dark neuron population in Stem Cell group. Stem cell application has the potential to promote neuroregeneration in mice’s brain tissue. There was no inflammation or other disturbances occured after the treatment.
Keyword: Dementia, Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell, Neuroregeneration, Preclinical Trials, Xenotransplantation

Judul: Quantitative Analysis of Histopathology Changes in Liver, Kidney, and Spleen Tissue of Mice (Mus musculus) after Injection of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSCs) and Conditioned Medium (CM)
Abstrak: Terapi stem cell menjadi salah satu metode pengobatan baru yang paling menjanjikan untuk mengobati penyakit degeneratif dan iskemik. Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSCs) dan Conditioned Medium (CM) dapat menghasilkan respon imun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari respon jaringan hati, ginjal, dan limpa mencit (Mus musculus) melalui gambaran histopatologi setelah diberi hMSCs dan CM melalui vena coccygea. Mencit DDY jantan dengan jumlah 15 ekor dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok perlakuan, kelompok hMSCs, kelompok CM, dan kelompok kontrol yang diinjeksi normal saline. Mencit dinekropsi pada hari ke-14 dan diambil sampel organ untuk difiksasi dengan formalin 10%, kemudian dibuat preparat histopatologi dengan pewarnaan Haematoxylin Eosin (HE) dengan processing yang sama sehingga warna comparable. Gambar histopatologi di analisa secara kuantatif menggunakan aplikasi ImageJ ver. 1.50g dan R software. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah sel Kupffer menurun yang mengindikasikan tidak adanya inflamasi, hepatosit diduga mengalami regenerasi, luas ruang Bowman kelompok CM menyempit, sel tubulus kelompok hMSCs lebih mature, dan splenosit kelompok hMSCs dan CM immature. Perubahan tidak memperlihatkan adanya respon toksisitas pada jaringan hati, ginjal, dan limpa mencit., Stem cell therapy is one of the most promising new treatment methods for treating degenerative and ischemic diseases. Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSCs) and Conditioned Medium (CM) can produce an immune response. This study aims to determine the response of liver, kidney, and spleen tissue of mice (Mus musculus) through histopathology after being given hMSCs and CM through the coccygeal vein. The 15 male DDY mice were divided into three treatment groups, hMSCs, CM, and control injected with normal saline. Mice were necropsied on the 14th day and organ samples were taken to be fixed with 10% formalin, then histopathology preparations were made with Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) staining with the same processing so that the color was comparable. Histopathology images were analyzed quantitatively using the ImageJ app version 1.50 g and R software. The result showed that the number of Kupffer cells decreased which indicated the absence of inflammation, hepatocytes are thought to regenerate, Bowman’s space tightened in the CM group, tubular cells in the hMSCs group were more mature, and splenocytes in the hMSCs and CM groups were immature. The changes did not show any toxic response in the liver, kidney, and spleen tissues of mice.
Keyword: conditioned medium, human mesenchymal stem cells, kidney histopathology, liver histopathology, spleen histopathology

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
Keyword: