Judul: Analisis keragaman genetik nenas (Ananas comosus (L). Merr) berdasarkan penanda morfologi dan penanda RAPD
Abstrak: Keragaman genetik nenas pada kebun koleksi PKBT dapat diungkap melalui analisis morfologi dan molekuler. Penanda yang dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui keragaman genetik nenas adalah RAPD ( Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA). RAPD merupakan teknik yang lebih cepat dan mudah dilakukan karena tidak perlu diketahui sekuen DNA sebelumnya dan material tanaman yang dibutuhkan lebih sedikit. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dan mengevaluasi keragaman aksesi nenas berdasarkan penanda morfologi dan genetik serta mengetahui keragaman genetik nenas berdasarkan penanda morfologi dan penanda RAPD koleksi Pusat Kajian Buah-buahan Tropika (PKBT) Keragaman morfologi dapat diamati pada penanda morfologi sebanyak 31 karakter meliputi organ : (1) daun yaitu 15 karakter, (2) buah yaitu 16 karakter dan diperoleh 116 karakter pembeda. Hasil analisis pengelompokan diperoleh sebanyak 3 kelompok pada tingkat kemiripan 0.62 yaitu (1) grup A meliputi C-KAS, SC-JPG, C-LMPG1, C-LMPG3, SC-SMDG, Q-KTM1, Q-KTM2, QOGIL, Q-RIAU, QH-BBEL, Q-BLI, QC-P18, QC-AZRI, QC-V49, C-RNIS, QCP5/ 12, CNN, C-SMUT2, QC-P10, SC-WNSBO, C-FLPN, QC-III, QC-P14 (2) grup B meliputi C-SMUT, C-BNHYU, SC-NAD, C-SMDU, SC-SMUT3, SC-PRBA dan (3) grup C meliputi C-MNDO, C-PAK, SC-DSBG. Analisis molekuler terhadap 32 aksesi menghasilkan 50 pita yaitu 47 pita polimorfik (98%) dan pita monomorfik sebanyak 3 pita (2%). Hasil analisis pengelompokan skor pita DNA dengan menggunakan program NTSYS, diperoleh 3 grup pada koefisien kemiripan 0.66 yaitu (1) grup A meliputi C-KAS, C-SMUT, C-PAK, QC-V49, Q-KTM2, C-LMPG3, C-SMUT2, C-SMDU, Q-RIAU, QC-AZRI, C-BNHYU, C-FLPN, Q-KTM1, Q-BLI, Q-MNDO, C-LMPG1, QC-P14, (2) grup B meliputi QC-P5/12, QC-P10, QC-III, C-DSBG, SC-SMUT3,QC-P18, Q-OGIL, SC-NAD, SC-PRBA, C-RNIS, SC-SMDG, SC-WNSBO, SC-JPG dan (3) grup 3 meliputi CNN. Penggabungan data penanda morfologi dan penanda molekuler memberikan informasi secara fenotipik dan genotipik. Karakter yang digunakan adalah penggabungan 31 karakter morfologi dan 10 primer yang menghasilkan 50 pita, sehingga total gabungan karakter adalah 81. Hasil analisis dengan menggunakan program NTSYS pada koefisien kemiripan 0.61, diperoleh dendrogram membentuk 3 grup, yaitu (1) grup A meliputi C-KAS, C-SMUT, CPAK, C-BNHYU, C-SMDU, C-FLPN, QC-III, C-DSBG, Q-KTM1, Q-KTM2, CLMPG3, C-SMUT2, Q-RIAU, Q-BLI, QC-V49, QC-AZRI, C-LMPG1, C-RNIS, QH-BBEL, Q-OGIL, QC-P18, QC-P10, QC-P5/12, CNN, SC-SMDG, SC-JPG, SC-WNSBO, QC-P14 (2) grup B meliputi Q-MNDO, SC-NAD, SC-PRBA dan (3) grup D meliputi SC-SMUT.
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Judul: Keragaman Genetik Nenas (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) berdasarkan Penanda Morfologi dan Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP)
Abstrak: Information on genetic diversity is essential in breeding program. Characterization of germplasm for providing genotype variation data can be accomplished by phenotypic or genotypic assessment. The aim of this research was to know the genetic diversity among 21 pineapple accessions from Sumatera, Kalimamtan, Sulawesi, Irian Jaya, Jawa Barat, Bali and Jepang based on morphological character and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP). The morphological data consisted of length, width, spine position and coloration of leaves. The data were categorized into class data and converted to binary form. Two selected primers P11 and M48 were used to generat AFLP markers. The twenty nine AFLP fragments were scored as binary form based on the presence (1) and absence (0) of each fragment. Similarity matrix was obtained to perform cluster analysis based on Dice coefficient. Dendrogram was constructed through clustering analysis using SPSS-13 software. An integrated similarity analysis of morphological and AFLP data showed that similarity coefficient among the 21 accessions ranged between 0.67-1.00. All the 21 accessions were clustered into tree groups at similarity index of 0.74. The first group consisted of 17 accessions, the second group consisted of 3 accessions and the third group contained 1 accession. However, all 21 accessions were closely related each other at 0.67 similarity coefficient.
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Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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