Judul: Fortifikasi ikan patin (pangasius sp) pada snack ekstrusi
Abstrak: Tingkat rata-rata konsumsi iakn di Indonesia hingga tahun 2006 mencapai 25, 03 kg per kapita per tahun. Meskipun jumlah ini meningkat 4,5% dari tahun sebelumnya yaitu sebesar 23, 95 kg, akan tetapi nilai ini belum mencapai standar yang dipersyaratkan oleh organisasi pangan dunia (FAO) yaitu 30 kg per kapita per tahun. Oleh karena itu usaha diversifikasi pengolahan hasil perikanan perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan tingkat konsumsi ikan, meningkatkan pendayagunaan hasil perikanan, memperluas serta meningkatkan usaha pengolahan dan pendayagunaan berbagai macam hasil perikanan untuk diolah menjadi produk baru sebagai makanan ringan yang bergizi tinggi, enak, murah, menarik, dan mudah di peroleh.
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Judul: Proses Pembuatan Kamaboko Ikan Patin (Pangasius hypophthalmus) Dengan Penambahan Tepung Kentang Dan Daging Udang
Abstrak: Tingkat konsumsi ikan rata-rata masyarakat Indonesia adalah 13,6 kg per kapita per tahun, sedangkan target pemerintah adalah 26,55 kg per kapita per tahun. Hal ini memacu perkembangan produk diversifikasi ikan yaitu berbagai produk dengan berbagai macam bentuk, rasa, wama, dan bau yang dihasilkan dari bahan baku ikan. Salah satu jenis produk diversifikasi ikan adalah kamaboko yaitu istilah Jepang untuk pr6duk yang dibuat dari bahan bakn daging ikan giling (surimi) ditambah dengan bumbu dan bahan tambahan lain, kemudian dimasak dengan cara dikukus, direbus, dibakar, dan digoreng. Ikan patin (Pangasius hypophthalmus) merupakan ikan air tawar dengan jumlah produksi yang cuknp besar yaitu mencapai 12.449 ton per tahun. Data ini memenuhi salah satu syarat bahan baku kamaboko yaitu tersedia dalam jumlah yang cukup besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan ikan patin (Pangasius hypophthalmus) untuk pembuatan kamaboko dan meneliti pengaruh penambahan tepung kentang sebagai bahan pengikat dan daging udang sebagai sumber flavor alami terhadap mutu kamaboko ikan patin.
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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