Judul: Effectiveness of Essential Oil Nanopesticides and Lemongrass Hydrosols (Cymbopogon nardus) as a Control of Aspergillus niger
Abstrak: Nanopestisida terdiri atas partikel kecil dari bahan aktif pestisida atau struktur kecil dari bahan aktif yang berfungsi sebagai pestisida. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektivitas nanopestisida minyak atsiri serai wangi dan pemanfaatan hidrosol serai wangi pada benih gamal dan patogen Aspergillus niger dan mengetahui formulasi nanopestisida minyak atsiri dan hidrosol sebagai pengendali penyakit pada benih gamal dan patogen Aspergillus niger. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nanopestisida yang memiliki ukurana droplet 274,6 nm dan nilai PI 28,9% dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Aspergillus niger sebesar 100% dan melindungi benih gamal dari patogen Aspergillus niger. Aspergillus niger memiliki koloni bewarna hijau, kuning, atau coklat kehitaman. Tekstur Aspergillus niger seperti bulu. Hifa bersepta, memiliki miselium bercabang, di ujung hifa terdapat gelembung atau vesikel.
Keyword: Aspergillus niger, minyak atsiri, nanopestisida, penyakit tanaman, serai wangi

Judul: Formulation and Nanoemulsion  Encapsulation of Citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) Essential Oil and Its Potential as an Antifungal for Ganoderma boninense.
Abstrak: Minyak atsiri pada serai wangi diduga memiliki aktivitas antifungi terhadap Ganoderma boninense. Namun, minyak atsiri merupakan campuran senyawa yang bersifat volatil dan tidak larut dalam air. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji kemampuan minyak atsiri serai wangi dalam bentuk enkapsulat nanoemulsi sebagai antifungi G. boninense. Nanoemulsi minyak atsiri serai wangi dibuat menggunakan kombinasi dua metode yaitu teknik energi rendah dan teknik energi tinggi serta dilakukan enkapsulasi dengan teknik spray drying. Efisiensi penjerapan dilakukan dengan menghitung kadar total oil dan surface oil. Aktivitas antifungi diuji dengan metode modified dual culture assay. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan formulasi terbaik nanoemulsi adalah dengan penambahan tween 80 sebesar 100% dari fase organik. Nanoemulsi memiliki ukuran sebesar 102,0±25,7 nm dengan indeks polidispersitas sebesar 0,330. Enkapsulasi memiliki rendemen sebesar 51,92% serta efisiensi enkapsulasi sebesar 49,65 %. Aktivitas antifungi enkapsulat minyak atsiri memiliki nilai Percentage of Inhibition of Radial Growth sebesar 54,44%, The essential oil in citronella was thought to have antifungal activity against Ganoderma boninense, however the essential oil was a mixture of compounds that are volatile and insoluble in water. This research aims to test the ability of citronella essential oil in nanoemulsion encapsulate form as an antifungal for G. boninense. Citronella essential oil nanoemulsion was made using a combination of two methods, namely low-energy and high-energy techniques, and encapsulation was carried out using spray drying technique. Adsorption efficiency was calculated by calculating the total oil and surface oil levels. Antifungal activity was tested using the modified dual culture assay method. The research results showed that the best formulation for nanoemulsion was with the addition of Tween 80 at 100% of the organic phase. The nanoemulsion has a size of 102.0 ± 25.7 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.330. Encapsulation has a yield of 51.92% and an encapsulation efficiency of 49,65%. The antifungal activity of essential oil encapsulates has a Percentage of Inhibition of Radial Growth value of 54,44%.
Keyword: minyak atsiri, nanoemulsi, serai wangi, ganoderma boninense

Judul: Implementasi Space Time Composite (STC) Data Model Menggunakan Model Data Relasional
Abstrak: The data model is a concept that describes the data stored in the database and the relationship between the data to the user in logic. Development of data models is very important in the design of the database as the basis of the stage of database design to be made. This study aims to apply the concept of Space Time Composite (STC) on the Model Data storage vector data types that can store enough information and describes the process of drafting objects and objects spatiotemporal evolution over time. From the results of the test queries on the data model that have been created, queries in a system are acquired that can help display the information preparation of objects from time to time and know the history of the object polygon and arc that has undergone changes in topology.
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