Judul: Studi Asupan Zat Gizi Mikro dan Paparan Pestisida dari Konsumsi Sayuran di Kabupaten Banggai
Abstrak: Vegetables are the source of vitamins, minerals and natural fiber. Consuming vegetable without the assurance of food security can lead to dangerous risk such as the possibility of pesticide toxic accumulation in human body in a long term. This study objective was to evaluate the adequacy of nutrition intake (vitamin and mineral) from vegetable consumption and the exposure of pestiside from vegetable consumption at Banggai District. The initial step of this research was conducting survey on vegetable consumption on household level at Luwuk, Toili, Pagimana and Batui Sub-districts. The nutrition intake ( vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin C, Calcium, Phosphor and Iron) of vegetable consumption, reckoned from vitamin and mineral rate at each kind of vegetable based on vitamin and mineral secondary data from Food Ingredient Composition List, released by Director of Nutrition, Indonesian Health Department (1981). The next phase was identifying the types of pesticide used in the practices of plant agitator organism (OPT: in bahasa) management on vegetable at Banggai District. Based the first two steps, the selected pestiside residue in selected vegetables was analysed. The survey data were used to calculate the nutrition intake (vitamin and mineral). The exposure of pesticide was calculated based on consumption level of vegetable and pesticide content in respective vegetables. Continued with the inspection of pesticide residue on dominat vegetable which consumed by respondents and using pesticide in cultivation. Then calculating the pestiside exposure and nutrition intake (vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin C, Calcium, Phosphor and Iron). The result showed that the average value of vegetable consumption by all respondent is 226 g/person/day (recommendation by FDA 225 - 375 g/person/day). The results of the vitamins intake are 43% RDI of vitamin A, 11.91% RDI of vitamin B1 and 66.69% RDI of vitamin C. While the minerals intake are Calcium 23.98% RDI, Phosphor 30.43% RDI, and Iron 28.39% RDI. The level of intake from vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin C, Calcium, Phosphor, and iron are below Recommended Dietary Intake (RDI). According to the estimation of pesticide exposure value per respondent body mass, the result of estimation is below Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI). The exposure of methidathion from string bean consumption is 0.011 μg/kg BW (1.078% ADI), chlorpyrifos exposure of tomato consumption is 0.02 μg/kg BW (0.170% ADI), cyhalotrin exposure of chickpea consumption is 0.003 μg/kg BW (0.139% ADI), profenofos exposure of cabbage consumption is 0.02 μg/kg BW (0.243% ADI), chlorpyrifos exposure of celery consumption is 0.00004 μg/kg BW (0.0004% ADI), and cypermethrin exposure of consumption green mustard 0.069 μg/kg BW (0.138% ADI).
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Judul: Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Tindakan Petani Sayuran dalam Penggunaan Pestisida di Kabupaten Pandeglang, Banten.
Abstrak: Pesticide is common techniques used by farmers to control plant pests and diseases. Improper and excessive uses of pesticides often occur in pesticide application due to low farmer’s knowledge and skill. The aim of this study was to obtain information and analyze of the knowledge, attitude, and practice of vegetable farmers in pesticide use in Pandeglang Regency, Banten. This study has been conducted by using direct survey using structured questionnaires to obtain a primary data, while secondary data was obtained from local government and literature study. The survey location was determined by purposive sampling. The number of respondents were 150 vegetables farmers. The data was presented descriptively and analyzed using the χ2 (chi-square) test to analyze the relationship between each characteristic tested. Knowledge, attitude, and practices of vegetable farmers in Jiput, Pulosari, and Menes districts showed some differences. Generally, the farmers at Pulosari district have low rational attitude in the use of pesticides compared with two other districts. Many factors influence the knowledge, attitude, and practices of vegetable farmers in three districts in the use of pesticides. Based on the analysis and relationship tests, factors of age and income of farmers showed influence unsignificantly compared with two other variables such as education and participation of farmers in farmer groups.
Keyword: knowledge, pesticides types, plant pests and diseases, vegetable farmer

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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