Judul: Spatial Assessment of Illegal Plastic
Waste and Environmental Impacts in Babakan and Cikarawang Villages in Bogor
Regency.
Abstrak: Plastic has become an essential component of our daily lives due to its use in packaging, construction, electronics and other applications. However, due to inadequate disposal of plastic waste worldwide, plastic pollution has become an urgent global challenge. In fact, according to the UNEP, out of 9.2 billion tons of plastic produced between 1950 and 2017, around 76% ended up as waste. In 2019 alone, annual waste production reached 450 million tons, which is expected to rise to 550 million tons by 2025 if the current waste management policies remain unchanged. Indonesia alone generated 7.8 million tons of plastic waste, 63% of which was mismanaged. Sadly, a significant portion of this waste is mishandled, primarily through illegal dumping and other practices linked with landfills and transportation. Illegal dumping, defined as the unauthorized disposal of waste in parks, forests, vacant land, along roadsides, waterways and other areas, continues to exacerbate the issue. This research aimed to spatially assess the illegal plastic waste dumping and environmental impacts in the villages of Babakan and Cikarawang in Bogor, Indonesia. We utilized the Avenza Maps application for data collection, purposive and Yamane formula sampling to map factors that lead to illegal dumping. In pursuit of this aim, we employed Geographic Information System technology through Euclidean distance and logistic regression analysis. Our findings revealed that 160 sites were engaging in illegal dumping of plastic waste. Furthermore, 55.63% of these sites were at elevations ranging from 124 to 173 meters above sea level, while 82.5% were found at distances of 0 to 156 m from rivers. In addition, 95% were within 0 to 136 meters from settlements, and 53.7% were found in areas with scattered vegetation, underscoring the significance of these parameters in driving the unlawful disposal of plastic waste, coupled with other factors such as communities avoiding to pay for waste fees and lack of waste collection facilities. As a result, our model proved that 35 polygons covering an area of 4.244 Km2 in both villages are vulnerable to such practices. As a consequence, they face water and air pollution, soil contamination, causing flooding and ecosystem disruption, aggravation of climate change and biodiversity loss. We concluded that plastic waste management laws and regulations need to be strengthened along with the development of waste collection facilities and promotion along with environmentally friendly packaging.
Keyword: Environmental impacts, Geographic Information System (GIS), illegal dumping, plastic pollution, plastic waste

Judul: Efektivitas Kebijakan Pelarangan Penggunaan Kantong Plastik di Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: Sampah plastik yang sifatnya sulit terurai menjadi permasalahan bagi lingkungan. Jumlah sampah plastik diperkirakan semakin meningkat seiring peningkatan jumlah penduduk di Indonesia. Kabupaten Bogor merupakan kabupaten dengan jumlah penduduk terbanyak di Indonesia dan menghasilkan jumlah sampah plastik yang cukup besar, sekitar 410 ton per hari pada tahun 2019. Pemerintah Kabupaten Bogor menetapkan kebijakan pelarangan penggunaan kantong plastik untuk mengurangi sampah plastik. Penelitian bertujuan untuk: 1) menganalisis persepsi dan pola perilaku masyarakat Kabupaten Bogor dalam penerapan kebijakan pelarangan penggunaan kantong plastik; 2) mengestimasi pengurangan sampah kantong plastik dan penghematan biaya angkut sampah yang dikeluarkan pemerintah Kabupaten Bogor; dan 3) menganalisis pencapaian kebijakan pelarangan penggunaan plastik di Kabupaten Bogor. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah skala likert, tabulasi silang, analisis biaya dan metode deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan responden terhadap bahaya dan manfaat mengurangi penggunaan plastik sangat baik; responden memiliki sikap atau perilaku dan gaya hidup ramah lingkungan yang cukup baik. Pengurangan kantong plastik selama satu tahun akibat kebijakan tersebut sebanyak 613 ton/tahun. Kondisi ini berimplikasi terhadap penghematan biaya angkut sebesar Rp122.038.920/tahun. Berdasarkan indikator evaluasi kebijakan, persentase dari setiap indikator ialah sebagi berikut; efektivitas (0,4%), efisiensi (100%), kecukupan (96%), perataan (100%), responsivitas (85%), ketepatan (0,47%). Efektifvitas dan ketepatan tidak memenuhi kriteria efektif.
Keyword: environmental awareness, freight cost, policy evaluation,recyle,waste.

Judul: Penggunaan hemolisin anti darah ayam dalam uji pengikatan komplemen (Complement Fixation Test)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bahwa hemolisin dapat diperoleh dari inokulasi sel darah merah ayam pada kelinci sehingga memudahkan pelaksanaan uji pengikatan komplemen (Complement Fixation Test) di lapang karena Ketersediaan ayam lebih menjamin. Untuk memeperoleh hemolisin, dalam penelitian ini digunakan kelinci dari spesies Oryctulagus cuniculus yang telah diinokulasi sel darah merah ayam. Hemolisin yang dihasilkan kemudian diuji untuk mengetahui titernya dengan menggunakan metode uji reaksi pengikatan komplemen yang biasa digunakan di laboratorium dan juga dengan modifikasi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hemolisin dapat diperoleh dari inokulasi sel daralı merah ayam yang menghasilkan titer tinggi. Titer hemolisin yang tinggi diperoleh dari pengujian titrasi hemolisin dengan modifikasi metode yang biasanya digunakan di laboratorium yaitu sebelum penambahan komplemen, hemolisin (Hn) dan RBC tidak diinkubasikan dalam penangas air suhu 37°C.
Keyword: