Judul: Strategy to promote capability of poor rural families in Lahat District South Sumatera Province
Abstrak: Poor rural families are part of rural society which need to be improved in resources, in order that they can afford to run family function, have creativity in economy, social, physiology and sociology. Therefore poor families hopefully build harmonies in their life. This research was a descriptive correlation research which purposes are: (a) identify factors that cause poverty, (b) analyze characteristic of poor families from social economy, physical, physiology and sociology characteristic, (c) analyze dependability pattern of triggering factors and characteristic of poor families in promoting capability of poor families and (d) build strategies to promote capability of poor families according to trigger factors and characteristic of rural poor families. The Research result showed internal environment and external factors which influence capability of poor families in rural area. Trigger factor that emerge poor families which is poverty was already inherit by their elderly, because their elderly didn’t have wide farmland, low educational background (they didn’t pass the elementary school in average), didn’t have other skills besides farming. There were obvious correlation among social economy, social capital, local wisdom and capability of poor families, according to the data and information that acquired from the research. Therefore strategic concept was made and pointed, empowering competence of personal implementer of government program in sub district level, such as empowering poor families’ competence, promoting poor families participation in government and private programs that operate in rural area. Build poor families network with business world in marketing their farm products and giving them facilitation to get capital, seeds and tools that according to compete development that given to poor peoples.
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Judul: Economic Empowerment of Poor Vegetable Farmer (A Case Study at Kelurahan Nunukan Timur, Nunukan Subdistrict, Nunukan Regency, East Kalimantan Province)
Abstrak: A process of paradigm shift in development, from centralistic to decentralistic, resting on local potency and resources has occurred since post New Order. With the presence of this shift it didn’t directly indicate a significant shift of society’s economic social condition. Likewise similarly it occurred at Nunukan Regency, the development process carried out is supposed to be still less participative, where it more prioritized the development of governmental glorious infrastructure than social welfare development. In fact, at Kelurahan Nunukan Timur there are still several poor-categorized societies. The efforts conducted by government in handling a poverty problem at Nunukan are by doing an establishment of farmer groups as a measure to change the pattern of the society’s livelihood means depending on the forest and by reducing the number of existing poor people, specially at Kelurahan Nunukan Timur. The existing problem associated with this farmer group is in fact with the available assistance, the vegetable farmers can not yet increase their earnings optimally, due to the limitation of their knowledge and skills. The objectives of this study are to understand the characteristic of poor vegetable farmer, problem and cause factor and to formulate a strategy that can be developed to improve the vegetable farmer’s earning with the establishment of farmer group. This study has been carried out in three stages, those are social mapping, program evaluation, and field study with the focus of designing the strategy and program of poor vegetable farmer’s empowerment at Kelurahan Nunukan Timur. The study method used is a qualitative method. The data collecting technique used is the observation of role participating and deep interview, documentary study and focus group discussion (FGD). FGD has been conducted with the poor vegetable farmers and stakeholders available. The arranging of program design has been performed in participative with stages, those are to discuss and determine the problem faced and the problem becoming a priority, analyzing internal and external factors as well as conducting an aspiration excavating in arranging the design of society’s development program. The results of study indicate that the economic empowerment program of poor vegetable farmer s that has been formulated is the Improvement Program of human resource capacity and farmer group, divided into 2 (two) sub-programs, those are for farmer individual and farmer group, with activities in the forms of assistance, providing for free fertilizer and seeds, simple group dynamics, management training and socialization with third party (LSM and private). The success of this program implementation highly depends on the participation of poor vegetable farmers as well as the support of the stakeholders available.
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Judul: Closed Knight’s Tour pada Papan Catur Berbentuk Persegi Panjang dengan Ukuran Maksimal 8 × 8
Abstrak: Closed Knight’s Tour merupakan langkah kuda yang mengunjungi setiap kotak pada papan catur tepat satu kali dengan langkah kuda berawal dan berakhir pada kotak yang sama. Graf yang terbentuk dari closed knight’s tour dinotasikan sebagai graf G(m,n), dengan m adalah banyaknya baris dan n adalah banyaknya kolom. Graf tersebut memuat Hamiltonian cycle. Sebuah graf terhubung G adalah graf bipartite jika dan hanya jika graf tersebut tidak memiliki cycle dengan panjang ganjil. Papan catur yang memenuhi syarat cukup untuk memiliki closed knight’s tour adalah papan catur berukuran 5 × 6, 5 × 8, 6 × 6, 6 × 7, 6 × 8, 7 × 8, dan 8 × 8.
Keyword: bipartite, closed knight’s tour, hamiltonian cycle, knight’s tour, teori graf