Judul: Exploration of Partial Intron 1 and Exon 2 Diversity of the KIT Gene in Bali Cattle Using the Direct Sequencing Method
Abstrak: Bali cattle (Bos Javanicus) are native Indonesian cattle. There are hair color abnormalities in bali cattle such as white spotted and albino hair color patterns. This study aims to identify the diversity of the KIT gene in the partial intron 1 and exon 2 regions and to analyze its relationship with hair color in bali cattle. The research was conducted at the Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB. The number of samples used were 48 blood samples of bali cattle including: 15 blood samples of bali cattle with white spotted hair, 14 albino and 20 samples of normal hair color. Research samples were obtained from BPTU-HPT Serdang, Denpasar, Bali and Lombok. Analysis of diversity used the direct sequencing method and the sequence results were analyzed using the MEGA7.0.26 and BioEdit72.50 programs. The target sequence of the KIT gene is 234 bp. Based on the results of the analysis, the KIT gene in bali cattle is monomorphic so that this fragment cannot be used as a differentiator for normal hair color, white spotted and albino in bali cattle. Thus, it was concluded that the diversity of partial intron 1 and exon 2 regions of the KIT gene in bali cattle is not diverse or monomorphic.
Keyword: bali cattle, hair color, KIT gene, SNP

Judul: Analisis Keragaman Intron 2 Partial dan Ekson 3 Gen KIT pada Sapi Bali Menggunakan Metode Direct Sequencing
Abstrak: Sapi bali merupakan sapi asli Indonesia dengan warna rambut jantan dewasa hitam dan betina kemerahan. Abnormalitas warna rambut pada sapi bali seperti pola white spotted dan albino diduga disebabkan salah satunya oleh gen KIT. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keragaman gen KIT intron 2 partial dan ekson 3 dan hubungannya dengan warna rambut pada sapi bali. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Genetika Molekuler, FAPET IPB. Sampel darah sapi bali sebanyak 48 sampel terdiri 15 sampel white spotted, 13 albino, dan 20 normal. SampeldiperolehdariBPTU-HPTSerdangDenpasarBali,danLombok. Analisis keragaman gen KIT menggunakan metode direct sequencing dengan panjang sekuen target 448 bp. Data hasil sekuen gen KIT dianalisis menggunakan program MEGA7.0.26 dan BioEdit72.50. Hasil analisis menunjukkan fragmen ekson 3 gen KIT pada sapi bali monomorfik, namun ditemukan SNP g.70208534A>G di fragmen intron 2 bersifat polimorfik tetapi SNP tidak dapat digunakan sebagai marka abnormalitas warna rambut normal. Simpulan, keragaman ekson 3 gen KIT pada sapi bali bersifat tidak beragam atau monomorfik, namun pada intron 2 partial ditemukan SNP g.70208534A>G beragam atau polimorfik.
Keyword: gen KIT, sapi bali, SNP, warna rambut

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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