Judul: Xenotransplantation of giant gourami testicular germ cells into larvae of nile tilapia
Abstrak: We were attempting to develop testicular germ cell (TGC) transplantation as a tool to produce surrogate broodstock of commercially valuable fish and long generation time species. Giant gourami testis had been used as a model for donor and Nile tilapia larvae as recipient. The research was conducted to study the competency of giant gourami TGC as donor and Nile tilapia larvae as recipient for xenotransplantation of giant gouramy TGC into larvae of Nile tilapia. We developed TGC xenotransplantation system by some steps as follow : 1) The characterization of spermatogonia to identify optimal donor of giant gourami based on body weight using histological approach, 2) The determination of dissociation method for giant gourami testicular tissue by comparing two different composition of dissociation medium with 5 hours incubation time, 3) Optimizing the timing of intraperitoneal TGC transplantation into peritoneal cavity of 1, 3, 5 and 7 days post hatching (dph) recipient by investigating the colonization efficiency of donor cell labelled PKH 26 fluorescent membrane dye under fluorescent microscope and of molecular technique using growth hormone of giant gourami specific primer, 4 ) Analyzing the proliferation of spermatogonia colonized in recipient gonad using molecular approach, and 5) The evaluation of TGC isolated from testis of giant gourami which preserved at 4 oC using NaCl 0.7% for 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours and then transplanted into peritoneal cavity of recipient. The result showed that the donor with abundant spermatogonia stem cell and A type spermatogonia (cell diameter = 14.43–20.53 μm) were found in giant gourami with body weight ranged from 500–1000 g. The dissociation method produced high number of spermatogonia with high viability was one used medium PBS containing trypsin, DNase, CaCl2, HEPES, FBS and incubated for 3 hours. The highest colonization efficiency was observed at 3 dph recipient (61.1±34.71%) suggesting that 3 dph Nile tilapia larvae was the optimum recipient for transplantation. Intraperitoneally transplanted xenogenic spermatogonia efficiently colonized the ovary as well with sex ratio male out of female was 1:1, and possibly proliferated indicated by cell cluster forming and the increase of DNA concentration of donor in recipient testis during time interval 1 month to 2 or 3 month pt. The successful colonization of spermatogonia isolated from preserved testis were also observed with colonization efficiency not differed significantly as from non preserved testis. In conclusion : the testis of giant gouramy was composed of cells that had competency as donor for xenotransplantation using Nile tilapia larvae as recipient.
Keyword: Sel Testikular, Osphronemus goramy, Ikan Gurami, ikan nila, kolonisasi, proliferasi, preservasi

Judul: Transplantasi sel testikular ikan gurame pada ikan nila
Abstrak: One of the constraints in the cultivation of giant gouramy is the lack of fry availability, necessitating the development of fry production engineering technology to address these issues. Engineering technology of fry production through the surrogate broodstock generated by testicular cells transplantation technique has been developed in salmonid. Testicular cells transplantation technology requires a suitable recipient that can accept and support the development of spermatogonia donor cell. This study examined the potential of Nile tilapia as a recipient for donor giant gouramy cells by observing its colonization in the gonads of Nile tilapia. Fish donor of 598,82 grams body weight with Gonado Somatic Index (GSI) of 0,013% and spermatogonial cells percentage of 28,22% was used. Testicular cells in amount of 20.000 cells/0,5 μl PBS were injected into peritoneal cavity of 4-day-old tilapia larvae. The success of transplantation and donor cell colonization were analyzed using PCR method with DNA template that have been extracted from tilapia larvae of 1 day post injection and the gonad of 2 months old fish. PCR was performed using a set of specific primer for the giant gouramy growth hormone gene and tilapia β-actin as an internal control of DNA loading. PCR results showed that the transplanted tilapia has a DNA band in the same size with giant gouramy, and not in untransplanted control. The success rate of transplantation in larvae was 100% (5/5) and the percentage of individual recipients containing donor cells in their gonad was 60% (3/5). This indicates that donor cells from giant gouramy was successfully injected and can be colonized in the gonads of Nile tilapia, so the Nile tilapia potentially be used as recipient for giant gouramy testicular cells transplantation. Further analysis needs to be conducted to observe the ability of spermatogonial cells develop into sperm and eggs in the gonad of tilapia recipient.
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Judul: Hubungan Curah Hujan dan Titik Panas (Hotspot) dalam Kaitannya dengan Terjadinya Kebakaran di Provinsi Aceh
Abstrak: Kebakaran hutan dan lahan di Provinsi Aceh dari tahun ke tahun semakin meluas dan bertambah. Meskipun pada beberapa tahun sempat terjadi penurunan, pada tahun 2012 di Provinsi Aceh terjadi peningkatan jumlah kebakaran yang paling tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara curah hujan dengan titik panas (hotspot) di Provinsi Aceh terkait dengan terjadinya kebakaran hutan di Provinsi Aceh dan mengetahui wilayah yang paling parah dilanda kebakaran. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa musim kemarau di Provinsi Aceh terjadi pada bulan Mei sampai Oktober dengan puncak musim kemarau pada bulan Juni. Peningkatan jumlah hotspot ini mengikuti pola curah hujan yang rendah. Keadaan ini menjelaskan bahwa peningkatan dan penurunan jumlah hotspot di Provinsi Aceh berkaitan dengan penurunan dan peningkatan curah hujan di Provinsi Aceh. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa daerah di Provinsi Aceh yang mengalami kebakaran hutan terparah pada periode 2008-2013 dengan jumlah hotspot tertinggi terdeteksi pada Kabupaten Aceh Barat (969 hotspot), Kabupaten Naganraya (840 hotspot), dan Kabupaten Aceh Singkil (687 hotspot).
Keyword: Curah hujan, hotspot, kebakaran hutan, Provinsi Aceh