Judul: Analisa kebutuhan ruang parkir kendaraan pada pusat pertokoan kota Pekanbaru
Abstrak: Pesatnya pertumbuhan fisik kota-kota dalam beberapa dasawarsa terakhir telah memunculkan konsekuensi logis berupa meningkatnya permintaan terhadap ruang lahan untuk pembangunan pusat-pusat kegiatan bisnis, komersil, perdagangan, industri, perumahan dan lain-lain. Hingga batas tertentu pembangunan pusat kegiatan berskala besar seperti plaza, mal, supermarket, swalayan dan lain-lain telah memenuhi kebutuhan sarana ruang parkir untuk menghindari kemacetan lalu lintas yang dimungkinkan terjadi pada ruas jalan di sekitarnya.
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Judul: Analisis kebutuhan ruang terbuka hijau di Kota Pekanbaru
Abstrak: The main factor in environmental issues is human population. The increase of population is a major source that triggering the development of residential and other permanently public facilities. Therefore, the need of energy such as electricity, petroleum, gasoline and diesel fuel increase significantly. The existing urban green space due to the conversion of residential development is decreasing. Scattered clusters of inhabitant and residential site in one particular area generate a kind of negative impact into environmental carrying capacity. The need of energy as a sequencing consequence from urban development was considerably distressing the quality of air in Kota Pekanbaru. The study was purposed to estimate the need of urban green space based on total area, number of citizens and CO2 level. The standard for the need of urban green space is acquired by literatures study. The estimated total need of urban green space was obtained from land coverage analysis, whereas the level of CO2 was estimated from an amount of energy consumption (electricity, petroleum, gasoline and diesel fuel) and emission factors that obtained furthermore from literature. The result of this study revealed that based on the size of area, Kota Pekanbaru was experiencing a shortage of green space for 12.499,27 ha, but considerably insufficient condition based on population and CO2 emission, as well as Kecamatan Rumbai dan Kecamatan Bukit Raya for subsequent level. To comply a standard prerequirement in such space, Kecamatan Pekanbaru Kota was recommended to extend as large as 3.033,19 ha urban forest. For another district that were Kecamatan Senapelan, Limapuluh, Sukajadi Sail, Rumbai, Bukit Raya and Tampan required open spaces 266 ha, 164,62 ha, 246,34 ha, 130,40 ha, 5.305,67 ha, 2.206,76 ha, and 4.134,84 ha, respectively.
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Judul: Study of Tupaia javanica Hepatocytes Culture as In Vitro Replication Media of Nonhuman Primate HBV
Abstrak: Virus hepatitis B (VHB) adalah virus DNA yang menginfeksi organ hati sebagai target utama. Infeksi ini menyebabkan hepatitis yang dapat bersifat kronis dan berlanjut menjadi sirosis, kanker hati bahkan kematian. Pengembangan model in vivo dan in vitro berkaitan dengan hepatitis B menjadi perhatian khusus bagi para peneliti. Kultur hepatosit banyak digunakan untuk mempelajari berbagai ha] terkait hepatitis B baik dari aspek virus, penyakit, pencegahan, dan pengobatan. Pengembangan hepatosit asal hewan kecil sepe1ii Tupaia sp. untuk model in vitro merupakan salah satu altematif dalam penyediaan kultur hepatosit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan kultur primer dan lestari hepatosit T. javanica yang mampu mendukung replikasi VHB orangutan (OuHBV) dan VHB owa jawa (GiHBV), dan dapat menjawab kebutuhan akan model in vitro kultur hepatosit. Isolasi hepatosit T. javanica dilakukan dengan prosedur sebagai berikut: organ hati yang telah dicacah dalam cawan petri dengan larutan perfusi, diinkubasi pada 37 °C. Suspensi disentrifugasi 300-500 g sehingga didapatkan pelet sel hati. Pelet yang sudah dicuci kemudian diresuspensi dengan Hepatocyte Basal Media untuk menumbuhkan hepatosit dan selanjutnya hepatosit akan ditransformasi menggunakan perangkat Lenti-SV 40. Sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) yang diindikasikan sebagai reseptor hepatosit untuk melekatnya VHB, nampak pada hepatosit baik pada kultur primer maupun kultur yang ditransformasi. Reseptor hepatosit spesifik ini terlihat sebagai pendaran hijau dengan uji imunofluoresensi. Kultur hepatosit primer T. javanica berhasil dikembangkan selama 14 hari untuk mencapai kepadatan 80%, dan inokulasi GiHBV dan OuHBV ke dalam kultur pada hari ke-15 menunjukkan adanya replikasi virus hingga hari ke-8 (berdasarkan hasil PCR). Kuantifikasi virus dengan real-time PCR memperlihatkan replikasi tertinggi pada hari kedua setelah inokulasi. Penjajaran sebagian protein permukaan setelah virus dinokulasikan memperlihatkan kesamaan asam amino dengan virus wild type sebesar 99.29% dan 95.71 % pada GiHBV dan OuHBV., Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a DNA virus which infects liver as primary target organ. This i11fection causes hepatitis which could become chronic and progress to cirrhosis, liver cancer and even death. Development of in vitro and in vivo model related to hepatitis B is a concern for researchers. Hepatocyte cultures widely used to study a variety of aspects of hepatitis B such as the virus, disease, prevention and treatment. Development qf hepatocyte from small animal e.g. Tupaia sp. for the in vitro model is an alternative of hepatocyte cultures. The purpose of the study is to develop primary and immortal T. javanica hepatocytes cultures capable to replicate orangutan HBV (OuHBV) and javan gibbon HBV (GiHBV), and to answer the need for in vitro model ofhepatocytes. Isolation of hepatocytes from T. javanica was done as followed: mincedliver were transported into petri dish containing perfusion buffer solution to be incubated at 37 °C. The suspension was centrifuged at 300-500 g to obtain liver cell pellets. The washed-pellet was resuspended in Hepatocyte Basal Media to let specific hepatocytes grow and later be transformed by Lenti-SV40 kit. Sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) has been ident(fied as hepatocyte receptor for HBV attachment, and was seen on hepatocytes from both primary and transformed cultures. This hepatocytes specific receptor was shown as green luminenscent by immunofluorescence assay. Primary T. javanica hepatocytes cultures was successfully maintained for
Keyword: Tupaia javanica, in vitro model, hepatocytes culture, hepatitis B virus, Liver cancer, Picornaviridae, Hepadanaviridae, Flaviviridae, Caliciviridae