Judul: Evaluation of Melon Genotypes (Cucumis melo L.) and Their Hybrids for Breeding Improved Varieties
Abstrak: Peningkatan kualitas melon dapat dilakukan dengan mengembangkan varietas hibrida unggul yang dilandasi oleh fenomena heterosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi genotipe potensial melon (Cucumis melo L.) dengan kualitas buah yang baik dan mengevaluasi karakter hibridanya. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Kebun Percobaan Cikabayan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor pada bulan November 2020–Maret 2021 dan di lahan terbuka Desa Tanjungsari, Kec. Jogorogo, Kab. Ngawi, Jawa Timur pada bulan April–Juli 2021. Bahan genetik pada percobaan I ialah IPB G30, IPB G1, IPB M23, IPB M21, dan varietas Alisha F1. Bahan genetik percobaan II yaitu 13 genotipe hibrida: H1, H2, H3, H4, H6, H7, H8, H9, H10, H11, H12, H13, H14; 4 genotipe tetua: IPB G1, IPB G30, IPB M21, IPB M23; dan varietas pembanding: Alisha F1. Percobaan I disusun dengan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) faktor tunggal, sedangkan percobaan kedua disusun dengan rancangan kisi alfa faktor tunggal. Hibrida H4 unggul pada karakter bobot buah, bobot buah per plot, dan padatan terlarut total, sedangkan H9 unggul pada karakter warna dan rasa daging buah, serta ukuran buah. Heterosis dan heterobeltiosis tertinggi dimiliki oleh hibrida H7, H10, dan H14. Galur IPB M23 dan IPB G30 berpotensi sebagai tetua untuk perakitan varietas unggul., Improving the quality of melons can be conducted by developing improved hybrid varieties based on heterosis phenomenon. This study aimed to identify the potential melon genotypes with good fruit quality and evaluate the characters of the hybrids. The research was conducted in a greenhouse at the Cikabayan Experimental Station of the IPB University, Bogor from November 2020 to March 2021 and in an open field in Tanjungsari Village, Jogorogo, Ngawi, East Java from April to July 2021. The genetic materials for the first experiment were IPB G30, IPB G1, IPB M23, IPB M21, and one commercial hybrid variety as a check (Alisha F1). The genetic materials for the second experiment were 13 hybrid genotypes: H1, H2, H3, H4, H6, H7, H8, H9, H10, H11, H12, H13, H14; four parental genotypes: IPB G1, IPB G30, IPB M21, IPB M23; and Alisha F1 as a check. The first experiment was arranged using a single factor randomized complete block design (RCBD), while a single factor alpha lattice design was used for the second experiment. The H4 hybrid had good fruit traits, while H9 had good flesh color and taste, and ideal fruit size. The H7, H10, and H14 hybrids had the highest mid parent and best parent heterosis. The IPB M23 and IPB G30 had the potential to be used as parents for breeding improved varieties.
Keyword: heterosis, hibridisasi, kualitatif, kuantitatif, varietas hibrida

Judul: Plant Morphological Characteristics and  Fruit Quality of 26 Genotypes of Melon (Cucumis melo L.)
Abstrak: Melon merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultura yang memiliki nilai ekonomis dan berpotensi untuk dikembangkan. Pembentukan varietas unggul dalam negeri perlu terus diupayakan melalui program pemuliaan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari keragaman karakteristik morfologi tanaman dan kualitas buah pada sejumlah genotipe melon hasil pemuliaan dari Pusat Kajian Hortikultura Tropika IPB, dan mengidentifikasi genotipe melon potensial untuk program pemuliaan tanaman. Penelitian dilakukan di Greenhouse C Kebun PKHT IPB Tajur 1 dan Laboratorium Pasca Panen Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura IPB dari bulan Oktober 2022 hingga Januari 2023. Genotipe yang dievaluasi terdiri atas 25 genotipe koleksi PKHT IPB dan satu varietas hibrida komersial sebagai pembanding yaitu Alisha F1. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) faktor tunggal (genotipe) dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa genotipe berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua karakter kuantitatif yang diamati termasuk karakter kualitas buah (PTT, kekerasan kulit buah, vitamin C, dan TAT). Analisis korelasi menunjukkan bahwa diameter buah berkorelasi positif dengan bobot buah dan berkorelasi negatif dengan TAT. Genotipe G1, G41, HD 1–145, 316, HD 2–111, dan P34 berpotensi dikembangkan lebih lanjut dalam program pemuliaan., Melon is one of the horticultural commodities with significant economic value and potential for development. Breeding improved domestic varieties needs to be continuously pursued through plant breeding programs. This study aimed to elucidate the plant morphological characteristics and fruit quality of several melon genotypes from the Center for Tropical Horticulture Studies IPB and identify potential melon genotypes for plant breeding programs. The research was conducted at Greenhouse C of PKHT IPB Tajur 1 Experimental Station and Post Harvest Laboratory of the Department of Agronomy and Horticulture IPB, from October 2022 to January 2023. Genetic materials evaluated were 25 genotypes from the PKHT IPB collection and one commercial hybrid variety Alisha F1 as a check. This experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with a single factor (genotype) and three replications. The results showed that genotypes significantly influenced all quantitative traits observed including fruit quality traits (TSS, fruit skin hardness, vitamin C, and TTA). Correlation analysis among traits indicated that fruit diameter had a positive correlation with fruit weight and a negative correlation with TTA. Genotypes G1, G41, HD 1–145, 316, HD 2–111, and P34 are considered potential for further development in a breeding program.
Keyword: fruit quality, genetic variability, melon breeding, traits

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
Keyword: