Judul: Kadar Total Senyawa Fenolik, Flavonoid, dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Air dan Ekstrak Metanol Daun Singkong (Manihot esculenta Crantz)
Abstrak: Manihot esculenta Crantz or cassava is a plant that has been known, but their leaves utilization is still limited as animal feed additives. Cassava leaves contain mineral such as Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Mg, Ca, P, K, S, contain crude protein, β- carotene and have an active compound of flavonoids, phenolic, and contain chlorophyll which is a natural antioxidant. The purpose of this study were to determine the levels of total phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity of the water extracts and methanol extracts of simplicia and boiled cassava leaves in vitro. Cassava leaves extraction was done by maceration method to obtain the methanol extract and infundation method to get the water extract. Based on phytochemical test, cassava leaves contain alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic, tannins, and saponins. The highest levels of total phenolics and flavonoids contained in the methanol extract of simplicia, 30.57 mg GAE/g and 881.33 mg RE/g. Cassava leaves extract has potential as an antioxidant with the highest inhibition of DPPH radicals produced by the methanol extract of simplicia which have IC50 values of 92.10 mg/L and followed by methanol extract of boiled leaves, water extract of simplicia, and water extract of boiled leaves
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), phenolics., flavonoids, DPPH, cassava leaves, antioxidant

Judul: Nutrient Composition and Cyanide Acid Content in Cassava Leaves (Manihot Esculenta Crantz) as Forage
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis komposisi nutrien dan kandungan asam sianida daun singkong mentega (Manihot esculenta Crantz) sebagai hijauan pakan pada umur tanaman dan bagian daun yang berbeda. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan 2 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan dengan faktor (1) bagian daun (pucuk, tengah, dan bawah) dan (2) umur (3 bulan, 4 bulan, dan 5 bulan). Peubah yang diamati yaitu kandungan bahan kering (BK), abu, protein kasar (BK), lemak kasar (LK), serat kasar (SK), bahan ekstrak tanpa nitrogen (BETN), total digestible nutrient (TDN), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), hemiselulosa, dan asam sianida (HCN). Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA), apabila berbeda nyata dilakukan uji lanjut duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya interaksi bagian daun dan umur tanaman terhadap kandungan BK, abu, SK, dan HCN. Berdasarkan bagian berpengaruh nyata (P, This study aimed to analyze the nutrient composition and cyanide acid in cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) as forage across varying plant ages and leaf segments. Using a complete random design (CRD), the research comprised 2 treatments with 3 replications each. (1) leaf segments (top, middle, and bottom) and (2) plant ages (3 months, 4 months, and 5 months). The parameters included dry matter(DM), ash, crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), crude fiber(CF), nitrogen free extract (NFE), total digestible nutrient (TDN), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), hemicellulose, and cyanide acid (HCN) concentration. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the significant different was assessed by Duncan test. The results showed interactions between leaf parts and plant age on the content of DM, ash, EE and HCN. Based on the section, it significantly (P<0,05) decreased PK and increased BETN, NDF and ADF. The conclusion of this study is that the parts and age of cassava leaf plants have an influence on nutrient composition and HCN.
Keyword: cassava leaf, cyanide acid, leaf parts, plant age

Judul: Query Expansion based on Bilingual Dictionary Using Conditional Probability
Abstrak: Query expansion is a technique that can be used to bridge vocabulary gaps between queries and documents in the collection. With query expansion, user will be helped to formulate queries well so that user will optimize the search result. In this study, the expansion term was resulted from the translation of bilingual dictionary. Subsequently, several terms of expansion were elected based on the closeness of its relationship with the original query. This research showed that conditional probability can be used to select expansion term in bilingual translation method query expansion. The result of 1000 documents was more than 97% relevan document can be retrieved by this system. The more expansion term used, the larger number relevan document was retrieved.
Keyword: