Judul: Transformasi Genetik Padi (Oryza sativa L.) dengan Kandidat Gen Toleran Aluminium.
Abstrak: Kebutuhan pangan akan semakin bertambah seiring dengan pertambahan jumlah penduduk dan konversi lahan untuk pemukiman. Hal ini mendorong untuk dilakukannya ekstensifikasi pertanian pada lahan marginal, salah satunya lahan masam. Kelarutan Aluminium (Al) yang tinggi pada lahan masam menyebabkan masalah tersendiri karena Al dalam bentuk kation trivalen bersifat toksik pada tanaman, salah satunya padi. Penggunaan varietas-varietas toleran Al sebenarnya dapat menjadi solusi dalam ekstensifikasi pertanian. Namun, karakter agronomis varietas toleran umumnya tidak sebaik varietas-varietas populer yang banyak digunakan oleh petani. Perbaikan sifat tanaman padi perlu dilakukan untuk menghasilkan tanaman dengan karakter agronomis yang baik dan toleran Al. Salah satu cara perbaikan sifat tanaman dapat dilakukan dengan rekayasa genetika melalui peningkatan ekspresi gen yang berperan dalam toleransi Al. Salah satu kandidat gen yang diduga berperan dalam toleransi Al adalah gen B11 yang berhasil diisolasi dari genotipe padi toleran Al, Hawara Bunar. Transformasi gen ini pada tanaman tembakau menunjukkan peningkatan toleransi terhadap cekaman Al dibandingkan pada tanaman kontrol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkonstruksi plasmid ekspresi pBIN yang membawa gen B11 lalu mengintroduksikannya pada tanaman padi melalui beberapa pendekatan. Melalui penelitian ini diharapkan diperoleh konstruk plasmid rekombinan pBIN-B11 dan diperoleh pula metode transformasi yang paling efektif untuk menghasilkan tanaman padi transgenik.
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Judul: Seleksi Tanaman Padi Transgenik Generasi T1 dan T2 yang Membawa Kandidat Gen Toleransi Aluminium
Abstrak: The use of aluminum (Al) tolerant rice variety is one of the alternative solutions to solve the food crop production problem in acid soils. The Al tolerant rice variety can be developed by genetic engineering. The T1 and T2 generation of transgenic rice has been developed from the transformation of rice using B11 gene, which was an Al tolerance gene candidate. However the true transgenic rice carrying the B11 gene has not been confirmed yet. This research was conducted to select and verify the T1 and T2 transgenic rice which contained the Al tolerant gene candidate. The result showed that the selection media containing paromomycin antibiotic could select the putatif transgenic rice without albinism effect that appeared in selection using canamycin antibiotic. The selection obtained true transgenic lines. The PCR analysis using the primers developed from nptII gene showed a 600 bp DNA band in the transgenic plant, but it was none in the wild type. The plant height and number of tiller characters were not significantly different between the wild type and the transgenic plant.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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