Judul: Antioxidant Activity and Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 Inhibition by Curcuminoids from the Ethanol Fraction of Temulawak
Abstrak: Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrrhiza Roxb.) merupakan tanaman yang memiliki senyawa kurkuminoid yang dapat berperan dalam menginhibisi aktivitas dari matriks metalloproteinase-1. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dan penghambatan enzim MMP-1 dari fraksi etanol kurkuminoid temulawak. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian adalah maserasi, fraksinasi etanol, KCKT, uji inhibisi MMP-1, dan uji aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode CUPRAC dan ABTS. Hasil menunjukkan kadar air dari fraksi etanol temulawak sebesar 9,21 dan rendemen sebesar 5,89%. Kadar total kurkuminoid didapatkan sebanyak 183,47 mg/g. Hasil uji inhibisi MMP-1 didapatkan nilai IC50 33,42 µg/mL dan uji antioksidan menggunakan metode CUPRAC didapat aktivitas antioksidan 870,52±4,87 µmol AAE/g fraksi dan metode ABTS sebesar 647,15±32,02 µmol AAE/g fraksi. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa temulawak dapat menginhibisi MMP-1 dengan baik dan merupakan antioksidan yang baik., Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) is a plant that contains curcuminoid compounds capable of inhibiting the activity of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1). This study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity and MMP-1 enzyme inhibition of the ethanol fraction of temulawak curcuminoids. The methods used in the research include maceration, ethanol fractionation, HPLC, MMP-1 inhibition assay, and antioxidant activity assay using the CUPRAC and ABTS methods. The results showed that the moisture content of the ethanol fraction of temulawak was 9.21% and the yield was 5.89%. The total curcuminoid content obtained from HPLC was 183.47 mg/g. The MMP-1 inhibition assay results showed an IC50 value of 33.42 µg/mL. The antioxidant activity assay using the CUPRAC method showed an antioxidant activity of 870.52±4.87 µmol AAE/g fraction, and the ABTS method showed an activity of 647.15±32.02 µmol AAE/g fraction. These results indicate that temulawak can effectively inhibit MMP1 and is a good antioxidant.
Keyword: Curcuma xanthorriza, Antioxidant, matrix metalloproteinase-1, inhibition

Judul: Antioxidant Capacity and Inhibitory Activity of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 by Curcuminoids from the tert-Butanol Fraction of Javanese Turmeric
Abstrak: Temulawak mengandung metabolit sekunder kurkuminoid yang dapat berperan sebagai antioksidan dan berpotensi menghambat enzim matriks metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) secara simulasi penambatan molekul. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur kapasitas antioksidan dan aktivitas inhibisi MMP-1 oleh fraksi tert-butanol rimpang temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza). Metode ekstraksi dilakukan dengan maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%. Hasil maserasi difraksinasi menggunakan ammonium sulfat 30% dan tert-butanol:aquades (1:1). Kadar kurkuminoid dianalisis menggunakan High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) dengan kadar kurkuminoid total sebesar 92,54 mg/g. Kapasitas antioksidan fraksi tert-butanol temulawak diuji menggunakan metode CUPRAC dan ABTS dengan diperoleh berturut-turut sebesar 552,74 ± 39,15 dan 529,94 ± 48,89 µmol AAE/g fraksi. Uji penghambatan MMP-1 menggunakan substrat tiopeptida menunjukkan fraksi tert-butanol temulawak dapat berperan sebagai inhibitor dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 33,12 µg/mL., Javanese turmeric contained secondary metabolites of curcuminoids that can act as antioxidants and potentially inhibit the enzyme matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) by simulating molecular docking. This study aimed to measure the antioxidant capacity and inhibitory activity of MMP-1 by tert-butanol fraction of Javanese turmeric rhizome (Curcuma xanthorrhiza). The extraction method was carried out by maceration with 96% ethanol solvent. The results of maceration were liquid:liquid fractionation using 30% ammonium sulfate and tert-butanol:distilled water (1:1). Curcuminoid levels were analyzed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), resulting the total curcuminoid content was 92.54 mg/g. The antioxidant capacity of the temulawak tert-butanol fraction was tested using the CUPRAC and ABTS methods resulting 552.74 ± 39.15 and 529.94 ± 48.89 µmol AAE/g fraction. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 inhibition test using thiopeptide substrate showed temulawak tert-butanol fraction can act as an inhibitor with an IC50 value of 33.12 µg/mL.
Keyword: Temulawak, kolagen, kurkuminoid, matriks metalloproteinase-1

Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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