Judul: Evaluasi Aspek Teknis dan Strategi Pengembangan Sapi Perah Rakyat di Kabupaten Karo Sumatera Utara
Abstrak: Animal husbandry of dairy cattle is one effort in the field of a farm that has strategic role in meet the needs of food. The development of dairy cattle encourages the creation of animal husbandry is sustained. One of the areas animal husbandry of dairy cattle the people in North Sumatera are Karo District which until now are still experiencing stagnation. The Central Bureau of Statistics Karo year 2014 noted the population of dairy cattle years 2009-2011 down by 35.46%. In the 2012-2013 back increased by 29.07% of the population of 2011 but in general the data the last five years showed that the decrease in the population as much as 16.70%. A trend of decreasing is greatly affected by the condition of management and environment. Farm productivity of dairy cattle the people low was also affected the environment of the internal and external research so that aims for the evaluation of the technical aspects of animal husbandry and animal husbandry development strategy of dairy cattle the people according to the principle of good dairy farming practices (GDFP). The method used is the survey. The sample collection farmers use the survey respondents with a total of sampling as many as 18 peoples. The use of expert respondents research aimed to obtain relevant information in the preparation of the strategy the development of dairy cattle the people. The determination of purposively sampling done as many as 4 peoples. Data processing using chi-square test the results of research . The preparation of strategies carried out by classifying two enviroment factors which is external factors and internal analysis and training. The result showed the value of GDFP highest on the management aspects of as much as 3.05 (good category) and the lowest is at the health aspect of livestock 1.52 (category less good). The total score weights the internal environment factor of 2.502 the score and the total weight of the external environment factor 2.525. The position of internal external matrix be on a cell 5 shows the development of animal husbandry of dairy cattle the people who fit in karo district use strategy growth through horizontal integration.
Keyword: technical aspects, evaluation, karo, dairy cattle, strategy

Judul: Evaluasi Good Dairy Farming Practices pada Peternakan Rakyat di Karangploso dan Jabung Kabupaten Malang Jawa Timur
Abstrak: Dairy farm is one of the livestock sub sector that can help sustain the development of national economy and contribution to fill the nutritional needs of the community. The production to meet the needs of the national milk was still not optimal. So need to increase productivity through genetic improvement, environment, population increase and management of maintenance. The study was conducted by survey method at Karangploso and Jabung, Malang, in May to June 2013. The purpose of the research is to study the technical aspects of dairy cattle raising. The materials were used as many as 34 farmers at Karangploso and 38 farmers at Jabung who have <20 dairy cows, with using multistage stratified random sampling technique and descriptive analysis. The results showed the average of the study on the application of Good Dairy Farming Practices (GDFP), the maintenance aspect of dairy at Karangploso was applying 2.81 or included in the category of enough, whereas the application of the maintenance aspects at Jabung at 3.05 which is included in good categories. Jabung which has contributed in providing information related to continue aspects of dairy farming. Based on the results of the review can be concluded that the GDFP at Karangploso’s members need improvement for better maintenance management than Jabung’s members.
Keyword: KUD Karangploso, KAN Jabung, GDFP, dairy cattle

Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4