Judul: Efek Pemberian Konsentrat, Jagung dan atau Dedak secara terpisah terhadap Alokasi Penggunaan Energi dan Protein pada Ayam Pedaging
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Ilmu Nutrisi dan Makanan Ternak Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, dari tanggal 17 April sampai dengan 19 Mei 1985. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakan sistem pemberian konsentrat, jagung dan atau dedak secara terpisah dapat digunakan sebagai sistem pemberian ransum yang baik ditinjau dari alokasi penggunaan energi dan protein oleh ayam pedaging.
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Judul: Pengaruh Pemberian Ransum Konsentrat, Jagung dan Dedak Secara Terpisah Terhadap Penampilan Ayam Pedaging
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Ilmu Nutrisi dan Makanan Ternak Unggas, Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, selama enam minggu sejak tanggal 7 April sampai dengan 19 Mei 1985. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan pengaruh pemberian ransum komplit dengan pemberian ransum secara terpisah terhadap penampilan ayam pedaging dan efi- siensi penggunaan ransum serta nilai ekonomisnya. Sebagai materi digunakan 300 ekor ayam umur sehari Strain Hybro, jenis kelamin campuran. Ransum sebanyak em- pat macam yaitu Ransum Komplit (KC), Konsentrat Protein, Jagung, Dedak (KJD), Konsentrat Protein, Campuran Jagung dengan Dedak 50: 50 (KJ50+D50); Konsentrat, protein campuran Jagung dan Dedak 62062037.4 (KJ62 6+D374) 37otein perbandingan ini diperoleh berdasarkan energi dan Protein. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan empat perlakuan dan lima ulangan. Untuk mengukur perbedaan rata-rata antar perlakuan dilakukan Uji Jarak Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ransum secara terpisah KJ50+D50 dan KJ sangat nyata (P68:81)Zerhadap 6+D37 4 memperlihatkan pengaruh yang terhadap konsumsi ransum, sedangkan perlakuan KJD berpengaruh nyata (P0.05) terhadap konsumsi ransum. Pemberian ransum secara terpisah KJD, KJ50+D50 dan KJ62 6+Dック sangat nyata (P an 884, yang 37.4 terhadap pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi ransum. Dari segi nilai ekonominya yang pa- ling menguntungkan adalah pada perlakuan ransum komplit dibandingkan dengan perlakuan KJD, KJ50+D50 dan KJ62 6+D37 5041593 62-6637.4 masing-masing sebesar Rp 111.17,-; 41203,-; 51046, dan Rp 14.65,-. Secara umum pemberian ransum secara terpisah tetap dapat memberikan peluang dan penampilan yang sama baik dengan ransum komplit. Untuk meningkatkan konsumsi kons- trat perlu usaha pengubahan bentuk dan atau meningkatkan kadar zat makanannya….
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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