Judul: Perkembangan program fortifikasi pangan dan identifikasi pangan yang difortifikasi
Abstrak: The study aimed to identify the food fortification program development in the world and Indonesia, and to identify various food that has been fortified until the end of 2012. Since early 20th century, food fortification program has been used as strategy to solve micronutrient deficiencies. The method used were literature review and survey of fortified food products in various type of market around Bogor. The results of this study were, the fortification policy began in 1920 and continues to develop following the problem of micronutrient deficiencies. In line with the food technology development, agricultural science and technology also show the positive progress in supporting the elimination of micronutrient deficiencies through biofortification. Results of fortified survey in various modern and traditional market in Bogor found that were 227 items of food have been fortified such as salt and flour which include in mandatory fortification, while the rest are voluntary fortification.
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Judul: Perkembangan program fortifikasi pangan dan identifikasi pangan yang difortifikasi
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari perkembangan fortifikasi pangan global dan Indonesia, serta identifikasi pangan yang telah difortifikasi sampai akhir tahun 2012. Sejak awal abad 20, program fortifikasi pangan telah digunakan sebagai strategi mengatasi kekurangan zat gizi mikro. Metode yang digunakan berupa kajian pustaka dan survei produk pangan yang difortifikasi diberbagai jenis pasar di Bogor. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan fortifikasi pangan di dunia telah dimulai sejak tahun 1920 dan terus mengalami perkembangan mengikuti masalah kekurangan zat gizi mikro. Sejalan dengan perkembangan teknologi pangan, ilmu pertanian dan teknologi juga menunjukkan kemajuan yang positif dalam mendukung penghapusan defisiensi zat gizi mikro melalui biofortifikasi. Dari hasil survey di pasar modern dan pasar tradisional Bogor ditemukan bahwa terdapat 227 produk yang telah difortifikasi, diantaranya garam dan tepung terigu termasuk dalam daftar produk fortifikasi wajib, dan selebihnya fortifikasi sukarela.
Keyword: Nutrition Science

Judul: The Construction of Greedy SVP LLL Algorithm
Abstrak: A lattice is a set of all integer linear combination of a set of linearly independent vectors in ℝ𝑛���. The independent vectors are called bases of lattice. Any lattice can be generated from many bases, and these bases have the same cardinality. In the lattice, the most fundamental and renowned problem is the Shortest Vector Problem (SVP). SVP is a tracking problem of the shortest nonzero vector in a lattice with equivalent bases. In two dimensions, SVP problem has resolved exactly by Gauss’ algorithm. When the lattice dimension is higher than two, A.K. Lenstra, H.W. Lenstra and L. Lovasz gave a LLL algorithm to compute approximation of nonzero shortest vector in the lattice. Reduced bases solution obtained from LLL algorithm still be an approximation and has polynomial running time of arbitrary dimension which large enough. In 1994, Schnoor and Euchner modified this LLL algorithm as a new variant which later was named deep insertion LLL algorithm. This algorithm is a modified version of the LLL algorithm to the terms of the exchange step to improve the accuracy of output of LLL reduced bases and applying it to the subset sum problem. The purpose of this research are: (1) Reconstruct the LLL algorithm and deep insertion LLL algorithm using a geometric approach. (2) Construct a greedy SVP LLL algorithm. (3) Implement the three algorithms in a symbolic programming language, and evaluate them experimentally. A bases ℬ=[𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑛���] in ℝ𝑚��� is called reduced LLL with parameter 𝛿��� if satisfies: (a) |𝜇���𝑗���𝑖���|≤12, for every integer 𝑖���,𝑗��� with 1≤𝑖���<𝑗���<𝑛���. (b)𝛿���‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���)‖2≤‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���+1)‖2, for 𝑗���=1,2,…,𝑛���−1,where 𝛿��� is a reduced parameter of real numbers with 14<𝛿���<1. The first requirement is the reduced basis 𝛿��� must “nearly orthogonal” and in its computation case, this requirement can be reached out by using the Gram-Schmidt’s orthogonalization. While the second requirement is called exchange step, or used to called as Lovasz condition. By using both of these requirements, then they establish the LLL algorithm. Then, Schnoor and Euchner modify the LLL algorithm based on the requirements of the exchange step called the deep insertion LLL algorithm, where the exchange step is based on the comparison of the projected vector in orthogonal complement [𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑘���−1]⊥ after j-th reduction. To construct greedy SVP LLL algorithm, the requirements of the exchange step is based on purely by comparing norm of lattice 𝐛���𝑗��� with norm lattice 𝐛���𝑖��� for 𝑖���=1,2,3…,𝑗���−1. The process of insertion reduced vector after the exchange step also has done greedily. Then, we calculate the number of arithmetic operation in greedy SVP LLL algorithm for further analysis. The result of our exprimentation for three algorithms on the certain matrix size shows that the running time of the three algorithms increases propotional to the size of the matrix. The result also shows that by using 𝛿���=34 for the LLL algorithm and the deep insertion LLL algorithm, and the greedy SVP LLL algorithm which is a new variant made by using no parameter of 𝛿���, outperform of the other of two previous algorithm in terms of speed with the same output.
Keyword: LLL algorithm, LLL deep insertion algorithm, greedy SVP LLL algorithm