Judul: Risk Analysis of Rabies Carriers Entry Points in West Nusa Tenggara Province
Abstrak: Rabies adalah zoonosis yang disebabkan oleh infeksi virus genus Lyssavirus dalam famili Rhabdoviridae. Kabupaten Dompu dan Kabupaten Sumbawa yang berada pada pulau Sumbawa Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat pernah ditetapkan sebagai daerah yang mengalami kejadian luar biasa (KLB) rabies pada tahun 2019. Penelitian ini melakukan penilaian risiko kualitatif untuk memperkirakan besarnya risiko masuknya hewan pembawa rabies (HPR) di sejumlah titik masuk baik melalui jalur darat maupun laut ke Kabupaten Sumbawa dan Kabupaten Dompu. Penilaian risiko dilakukan mengikuti pedoman pelaksanaan analisis risiko dari Organisasi Kesehatan Hewan Dunia Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (World Organization for Animal Health, Office Internationale de Epizootic, OIE), dan mengacu pada metode Biosecurity Australia. Penilaian ketidakpastian (uncertainty) mengacu pada European Food safety Authority (EFSA). Hasil pengamatan dan penilaian mendapati titik-titik masuk yang berada di Kecamatan Lunyuk, Kecamatan Sumbawa, Kecamatan Labuhan Badas, Kecamatan Moyo Hilir, Kecamatan Moyo Hulu, Kecamatan Unter Iwes di Kabupaten Sumbawa dan Kecamatan Pekat, Kecamatan Kempo, Kecamatan Manggelewa, Kecamatan Hu’u dan Kecamatan Woja di Kabupaten Dompu memiliki perkiraan risiko tinggi., Rabies is a zoonosis caused by Lyssavirus which is part of Rhabdoviridae family. Dompu District and Sumbawa District, which are located on Sumbawa Island of West Nusa Tenggara Province, were designated as rabies outbreak in 2019. This study conducted a qualitative risk assessment to estimated the risk of entry points of rabies-carrying animals (RCA) through land and sea transportation to Sumbawa and Dompu District. The risk assessment has been done using risk analysis guidelines of the United Nations World Organization for Animal Health (World Organization for Animal Health, Office Internationale de Epizootic, OIE), and Australian Biosecurity methods. The uncertainty assessment refered to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). The Results showed that the entry points of Lunyuk sub-District, Sumbawa sub-District, Labuhan Badas sub-District, Moyo Hilir sub-District, Moyo Hulu sub-District, Unter Iwes sub-District in Sumbawa District, and Pekat sub-District, Kempo sub-District, Manggelewa sub-District, Hu’u sub-District and Woja sub-Districts in Dompu District were categorized as high risk.
Keyword: Hewan pembawa rabies, Nusa Tenggara Barat, penilaian risiko, rabies, titik masuk

Judul: Epidemiologi Dan Usaha Pemberantasan Penyakit Rabies Di Sumatera Barat Periode Tahun 1995 - 1999
Abstrak: Rabies merupakan penyakit zoonosis yang menyerang hewan domestik taupe terkecuali dan bersifat endemik di sebagian besar dunia. Rabies biasanya berakibat fatal bagi semua mamalia dan bisa menyebabkan teljadinya encephalitis yang disebabkan oleh Lyssavirus genotipe I. Lyssavirus mudah dirusak oleh panas, sinar ultraviolet, pelarut lemak, zat emulsi dan campuran ammonium kuartener. Virus rabies ditularkan oleh air ludah yang masuk ke dalam tubuh melalui gigitan atau luka bekas gigitan. Penyebaran Rabies di Sumatera Barat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor antara lain : perpindahan hewan dari satu daerah ke daerah lain, keadaan geograli propinsi Sumatera Barat dan tradisi masyarakat Minang Kabau seperti berburu Penularan virus rabies ini masuk ke dalam tubuh melalui gigitan, luka bekas gigitan dan melalui membran mukosa (selaput lendir) yang terdapat pada mulut dan mata (Pediatric, 1993). Virus ini akan diteruskan ke system syaraf pusat melalui syaraf perifer dengan kecepatan 3 mm per jam, kemudian virus tersebut akan berkembangbiak pada sel-sel syaraf atau organ-organ tertentu di hypocampus dan selsel Purkinye serta pada kelenjar ludah (Sudardjat, 1991). Sumatera Barat sebagai salah satu Propinsi di Indonesia merupakan daerah tertular, yang setiap tahunnya dilaporkan adanya kasus penyakit rabies, baik pada manusia, anjing, maupun pada kucing. Sampai saat ini kasus kejadian penyakit rabies di Sumatera Barat masih sangat tinggi. Penyebaran rabies di SUmatera Barat juga dipengaruhi oleh perpindahan hewan dari satu daerah ke daerah lainnya, hal ini dibenarkan oleh Dinas Peternakan, sehingga populasi anjing di Sumatera Barat sulit untuk dikontrol.
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Judul: Enhancement of photon absorbtion on BaxSr1-xTiO3 thin films semiconductor using photonic crystals.
Abstrak: In this research, has been conducted BaxSr1-xTiO3 (BST) thin films manufacturing for mole fraction x = 0.25, 0.35, 0.45, and 0.55; and concentration of 1 molar using chemical solution depositon (CSD) method. The materials, which are used in this research, are barium acetate [Ba(CH3COO)2, 99%], strontium acetate [Sr(CH3COO)2, 99%], titanium isopropoxide [Ti(C12O4H28), 97.999%], gallium trioxide [Ga2O3], 2-methoxyethanol [H3COOCH2CH2OH, 99%] and 1 x 1 cm of transparent conductive oxide (TCO) glass as substrate. Two BST thin films are made that for BST thin films which are doped by 10% galium (BGST) as p-type layer and pure BST solution as n-type. BST solution is made by reacting barium acetate [Ba(CH3COO)2, 99%], strontium acetate [Sr(CH3COO)2, 99%] and titanium isopropoxide [Ti(C12O4H28)] into 2-methoxyethanol solvent [H3COOCH2CH2OH, 99%] in accordance with mass gram for each x value. While, BGST solution is made in the same way as BST solution, plus adding gallium at 10% of the mass of BST. Once all materials are reacted, then vibrated using ultrasonic for 90 minutes, and followed by coating BGST / BST on the TCO substrate. Once the layer is formed, then annealed for 15 hours at temperature of 500 °C with increasing rate of 1.67 oC/minute. Characterizations of BST thin films with or without photonic crystals include the absorbance and transmittance in the visible light spectrum, as well as the electrical photoconductivity characterizations. From BST thin films without photonic crystals indicate that our thin films have light absorption area on almost the entire range of the visible light spectrum even to the infrared range with absorption value over than 67.6%, in addition, it can be seen that the maximum absorbance of BST thin films for all mole fractions lie in blue to green light spectrum region, 457 nm ≤ λ ≤ 570 nm and the minimum in yellow to red light spectrum region, 570 nm ≤ λ ≤ 678 nm. The largest absorbance is found at x = 0.25 with average absorbance value of 92.04% and maximum and minimum absorbance peaks at wavelength of 500.89 and 657.72 nm, respectively. At x = 0.35, average absorbance value decreased to 83.55% with maximum and minimum peaks at 505.73 and 613.68 nm, respectively. Then increased to 91.16% at x = 0.45 with maximum and minimum peaks at 506.04 and 618.56 nm, respectively. At x = 0.55, average absorbance value decreased to 80.12% with maximum and minimum peaks at 507.85 and 608.79 nm, respectively. Moreover, it can be seen that the addition of barium mole fraction leads to wider maximum absorbance or minimum transmittance peaks and narrower minimum absorbance or maximum transmittance peaks in the same range of the green and blue & red light spectrums, respectively. BST thin films with photonic crystals show increasing in absorption for all x values in the range of 3.04 into 13.33%. At x = 0.25, average absorbance percentage increased 3.96% from 92.4 into 95.68%, for x = 0.35 average percentage increased 7.07% into 89.45 from 83.55%. Furthermore, average absorbance of BST thin films at x = 0.45 increased 3.04% from 91.16 into 93.93% and x = 0.55 has
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