Judul: Studi Potensi Pemanfaatan Limbah Cair Organik Rumah Sakit PMI Kota Bogor Sebagai Alternatif Energi Terbarukan (Biogas)
Abstrak: Waste is defined as all of the material that discarded from the human activities such as household, commerce, hospital, industrial, and agricultural. Biogas technology is one of technologies which can be used to convert hospital’s organic liquid waste to energy resource and other useful product such as liquid fertilizer. The objectives of this research is to determine the potential of hospital's organic liquid waste to produce biogas, and also to analyze the technical feasibility towards the implementation of biogas technology in processing of hospital's organic liquid waste. This research was divided into 2 steps: the preliminary study and the main study. In the preliminary study, raw material was analyzed (water content, C/N ratio) to find the best material and optimum composition which produce highest productivity. The selected material and composition will be use as feedstock for biogas producer plant which is observed in the main study. Result of preliminary study shows that the potential study was organic liquid waste without solids material (C/N ratio 16.36) which could produce biogas approximately 0.718 liters/day. The drum with capacity of 240 liters has been used as a continuous type digester. Result of technical analysis was indicated that the implementation of biogas technology to organic liquid waste without solid material, didn't feasible due to the low methane concentration (approximately 0.04%) in the biogas. The several factors which influenced biogas production were ambient temperature, C/N ratio, and toxic material.
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Judul: Pengolahan Limbah Cair Rumah Sakit Kota Bogor secara Biologis
Abstrak: Hospital wastes from PMI Hospital and from other hospital in Bogor, as reference, using same waste treatment system, but with polyaluminium chloride addition as coagulant, were analyzed for several parameters: total suspended solids, pH, chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, ammonia, phosphate, and total coliform. All parameters had fulfilled the quality standard from Kep MLH No. 58/MNLH/12/1995, except the COD value for the third month, probably because excessive usage of detergent. Paired t-test to the waste parameters before and after treatment showed significantly different results. Therefore, the wastewater treatment in PMI Hospital has been effective, although still not as well as reference hospital.
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Judul: Karakteristik Anatomi Skelet Kepala Buaya senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii).
Abstrak: Buaya sepit atau senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii) merupakan jenis buaya asli Indonesia yang berhabitat di sungai-sungai Sumatera, Kalimantan, dan juga pedalaman Sulawesi. Salah satu ciri khas buaya senyulong adalah bentuk moncong yang runcing dan sempit, namun hingga saat ini informasi mengenai struktur skelet kepala buaya senyulong sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik anatomi skelet kepala buaya senyulong yang dikatikan dengan fungsi dan perilakunya. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksploratif dengan melakukan pengamatan, pencatatan, dan pengambilan gambar dari skelet kepala buaya senyulong. Skelet kepala berukuran panjang 70 cm, lebar 29 cm, dan tingggi 17 cm dengan permukaan kasar pada os nasale, os frontale, os maxilla, os mandibula, os lacrimale, os jugale. Jumlah gigi pada buaya ini sebanyak 78 buah, terdiri dari 4 buah gigi premaxila, 16 buah gigi maxila, dan 19 buah gigi mandibula. Pada regio orbitalis ditemukan dua pasang fenestrae temporales yang berkembang baik. Fenestra supratemporale merupakan lubang oval yang membentang di sepanjang os parietale. Fenestra infratemporale berbentuk segitiga dan dibatasi oleh os squamosum, os postorbitale, os jugulare, dan os quadratum. Os mandibula hewan ini mempunyai symphysis mandibularis yang panjang yaitu garis yang melintang di corpus mandibulae. Secara fungsional ukuran symphysis mandibularis berkaitan dengan adaptasi hewan terhadap diet makan.
Keyword: kepala, moncong, Tomistoma schlegelii