Judul: Demography and Population of Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust (Coleoptera:Curculionidae) as a Pollinator of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) in PT. Agri Andalas Plantation, Bengkulu Province
Abstrak: Elaeidobius kamerunicus is an insect pollinator of oil palm. These weevil live and thrive in the male flowers of oil palm. The aims of the research were to study demography and population of E. kameunicus in male flower of oil palm. Demography study of the weevil were observed in the laboratory. One individual male and female of weevil were reared in the box, feeding by one spikelet of male flower. Observation of demographic study were conducted from 2nd day after rearing, until the weevil died. Populations of E. kamerunicus in oil palm plantations were measured by using a sampling method. We selected nine spikelet per bunch of male flower and counted the number of weevil per spikelet. The number of weevil per spikelet and number of spikelet per bunch were counted to determine the number of weevil per bunch. We counted the numbers of anthesis male flower per hectare to determine the number of weevil per hectare. Environmental parameters i.e temperature, humidity, light intensity, and rainfall were measured. The relationship between weevil population and environmental parameters were analyzed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Results showed that weevil E. kamerunicus tooks 14-17 days to grow from egg to imago. Statistics demography of the weevil were: generation time (T) was 19 days, gross reproduction rate (G) was 11 individuals, the net reproductive rate (Ro) was 5 individual and intrinsic growth rate (r) was 0.24. Population of the weevil on oil palm age 3 and 6 years were higher in January (41.102 individuals per hectare) and February (153.226 individuals per hectare). While, the lower population of the weevil were found in March (22.618 individuals per hectare) and April (98.693 individuals per hectare). In average, fruit set of oil palm age 3 and 6 years were 82,8% and 83,3%, respectively.
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Judul: Populasi kumbang Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) sebagai penyerbuk tanaman kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) di Kumai, Kalimantan Tengah
Abstrak: Elaeidobius kamerunicus is the effective pollinators of oil palm plants. The weevil is monophagous and complete their life cycle in male inflorescences of oil palm. Pollinating by the weevils increase oil palm productivity. This research aimed to observe weevil population and the relationship between environment factors and the weevil population. This research consist of observing morphological of weevil, estimating the population with counting the weevil on male inflorescences, and measuring the environment factors in the field. Relationship between environment factors and the weevil population were analyzed by CANOCO 4.0. High population of the weevil occurred in July and low in October. Population size of the weevil was above the minimum population for effective pollination. Weevil population on the field related to the number of spikelet of male inflorescences. Rainfall and temperature were negatively affect to the weevil population.
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Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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