Judul: Biologi Reproduksi Ikan Pepetek Leiognathus equulus (Forsskal 1775) di Perairan Selat Sunda.
Abstrak: Ikan pepetek (Leiognathus equulus) merupakan salah satu jenis ikan yang didaratkan di pelabuhan perikanan pantai (PPP) Labuan Banten. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji aspek biologi reproduksi ikan pepetek (Leiognathus equulus) di perairan Selat Sunda. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2015 sampai bulan Agustus 2015 di PPP Labuan Banten. Ikan pepetek yang didapatkan selama penelitian berjumlah 945 ekor, terdiri dari 507 ekor ikan jantan dan 438 ekor ikan betina, dengan kisaran panjang total antara 78 ����� 260 mm, dan kisaran berat total 11 ����� 188 gram. Proporsi kelamin ikan jantan dan betina setiap bulan pengamatan berdasarkan uji Chi square adalah tidak seimbang. Ikan pepetek jantan dan betina memiliki pola pertumbuhan alometrik negatif. Ikan pepetek diperkirakan memijah setiap bulan dengan puncak pemijahan pada bulan Juni. Ikan jantan pertama kali matang gonad pada ukuran panjang 150 mm dan ikan betina pada ukuran panjang 146 mm. Berdasarkan tipe pemijahan, pola penyebaran diameter telur ikan pepetek adalah partial spawner yaitu kelompok ikan yang memijah dengan mengeluarkan telur secara bertahap.
Keyword: Ikan pepetek (Leiognathus equulus), reproduksi, Selat Sunda

Judul: Biologi Reproduksi Ikan Pepetek (Leiognathus splendens Cuvier, 1829) di Selat Sunda
Abstrak: Ikan Pepetek (Leiognathus splendens) adalah salah satu sumberdaya ikan demersal yang ditangkap dengan cantrang dan memiliki potensi tinggi di perairan Selat Sunda dan banyak didaratkan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai Labuan. Tingginya tingkat permintaan mengakibatkan upaya penangkapan meningkat dan dikhawatirkan populasi ikan pepetek menurun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan informasi terkait pola pemijahan ikan pepetek (Leiognathus splenden) yang didaratkan di PPP Labuan Banten berdasarkan aspek biologi reproduksi ikan pepetek. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei hingga Oktober 2018. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengambilan ikan contoh adalah penarikan contoh acak berlapis. Jumlah ikan pepetek yang diteliti sebanyak 469 ekor. Pola pertumbuhan ikan pepetek, yaitu alometrik negatif dengan nisbah kelamin jantan dan betina sebedar 1:0,6 atau didominasi dengan ikan jantan. Fekunditas yang dimiliki ikan pepetek berkisar antara 108347- 290489 butir telur. Tipe pemijahan ikan pepetek adalah partial spawner dengan puncak pemijahan diantara bulan Juli.
Keyword: biologi reproduksi, ikan pepetek, Labuan

Judul: Efforts to Control and Prevent Pathogenic Infection of Multi-Drug Resistant Organism (MDRO) of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Clone Using Alcohol-Base Hand Rub.
Abstrak: The pandemic that is occurring caused both by COVID-19 (currently occurring) as well as the clone of the methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the previous period has really threatened human life. This condition requires materials that can break the chain of transmission from human to human and from the environment to human. An alcohol-based antiseptic (hand rub/hand sanitizer) often contains ethanol, isopropanol or n-propanol, or a combination of two of these types. Alcohol has an excellent germicidal activity in vitro against gram-positive and gram-negative vegetative bacteria (including multidrug-resistant pathogens such as MRSA and VRE) as well as viruses. Hand rub/hand sanitizer products are declared good if they have formulation stability, no irritation effect when they are used and are able to kill pathogens more than 90%. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of alcohol-based hand rub with WHO-based-standard formulation based on the stability of the formulation, the risk of irritation and the ability to kill bacteria. Hand rub/hand sanitizer was made by modifying the levels of the WHO formula with a hygiene procedure for 500 ml/bottle with the composition: Ethanol 96%; H2O2 3%; Glycerol 98%; and Aqua Sterile ad 500ml. Assessment on the presence of rancidity, clarity, discoloration, final alcohol content and skin irritation risk was done to know the quality of product formulation. A bacterial Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was used to assess the percentage of bacterial killing power. The selected bacteria were bacteria commonly found in the hospital environment. The results of formulation stability from four variants of level modification showed that MD.4 has good stability compared to other formulation modifications. The results of the percentage kill test against MRSA showed that the percentage kill is 99.90% at 1st, 2nd, and 5th minute. The selected manufacturer's product also showed the same percentage kill value at 1st, 2nd, and 5th minute. The results of percentage kill test showed that the effective value for each contact time is ≥ 90%. The SEM observations showed that MD.4 hand rub effect in the form of MRSA cell lysis. The LC50 test, it is known that MD.4 hand rub value is 620 ppm while softaman (control) is 114 ppm. In terms of irritation risk, twenty-three selected subjects were generally well tolerated in use.
Keyword: hand rub, hand sanitizer, ahmad Subhan, percentage kill bacteria, MRSA, WHO