Judul: Immunohystochemical Characterization of Integrin Alfa 6 in Uterine and Cervix of the Cynomolgus Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) with MfPV3 Infection
Abstrak: Kanker serviks merupakan suatu pertumbuhan abnormal dari sel epitel jaringan serviks akibat adanya infeksi persisten human papillomavirus (HPV). Data World Health Organization pada tahun 2017 menyatakan kanker serviks menjadi penyebab kematian terbesar kedua pada wanita setelah kanker payudara. Monyet ekor panjang (MEP) secara alami dapat terinfeksi Macaca fascicularis Papillomavirus 3 (MfPV3) yang secara filogenetik, virus tersebut memiliki kekerabatan yang sangat dekat dengan HPV onkogenik pada manusia (HPV-16 dan HPV-34), yaitu genus alpha papillomavirus. Integrin alfa 6 (ITGα6) merupakan reseptor yang ditemukan pada pada manusia dengan HPV positif dan merupakan reseptor yang sebagian besar diekspresikan oleh sel epitel dan populasi sel punca kanker serviks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji MEP sebagai hewan model HPV melalui karakterisasi reseptor ITGα6 menggunakan uji imunohistokimia serta menentukan tingkatan atau derajat dari cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) pada jaringan serviks yang terinfeksi MfPV3. Studi ini menggunakan sampel arsip dalam Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) jaringan uterus dan serviks MEP positif MfPV3 secara spontan dan negatif MfPV3. Hewan berusia sekitar 2-6 tahun dengan kisaran berat badan 2-4 kg. Jaringan uterus dan serviks diproses untuk pembuatan histologi dan dilakukan pewarnaan Hematoksilin-Eosin (HE) untuk menentukan derajat CIN serta pewarnaan imunohistokimia menggunakan antibodi anti human ITGα6. Evaluasi pewarnaan imunohistokima menggunakan lima lapang pandang mikroskopis, pembesaran lensa objektif 40X per slide. Gambar dikuantifikasi menggunakan aplikasi ImageJ ver 1.53, parameter yang diamati adalah intensitas warna dan luas area sel positif ITGα6. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 80% sampel positif memiliki CIN dan peningkatan ekspresi ITGα6 pada kelompok hewan positif MfPV3 dibandingkan pada kelompok hewan negatif MfPV3. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa MEP betina berpotensi sebagai model praklinis alternatif dan sangat relevan untuk studi biologi Papillomavirus.
Keyword: human papillomavirus (hpv), immunohistokimia, ITGα6, Macaca fascicularis

Judul: The isolation and molecular identification of papillomavirus in macaca fascicularis and macaca nemestrina at animal facility of primate research centre – Bogor Agricultural University.
Abstrak: Cervical cancer is still regarded as a major cause of death in women world wide, hence research on papilloma viruses, their drugs and vaccines for the prevention are still continued. Papilloma virus is a DNA virus of the family papillomaviridae. Papilloma virions have no sheath, the diameter of 55 nm, and icosahedral capsid. The virus multiplies in the cell nucleus and causes chronic latent infection. The virus genome has a circular form, 8 kbp in length with 8 open reading frames. The genome is divided into early (E) and late (L) genes. The E gen synthesizes 6 E proteins, namely E1, E2, E4, E5, E6 and E7, which are linked into the process of viral replication and oncogenes. Meanwhile, the L gene synthesizes 2 proteins, the L1 and L2, which are related to the formation of the capsid (Hakim 2010). In order to obtain the best result of the cancer research, it is highly requested to obtain appropriate animal model that reflect aspects of human disease. Non-human primates have high similarity with humans, both in terms of the evolution of the genetic, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and organ systems, as well as in cancer genes. Non-human primates of the genus Macaca is a genus with the highest distribution worldwide, from Japan to Afghanistan. So far, there are 22 species are included in the genus Macaca. Originally rhesus monkeys or M. mulatta are widely used for biomedical research, but since the Indian government imposed a ban on importing these animals, then Macaca fascicularis (Long-tailed Macaque, cynomolgus) and Macaca nemestrina (Pig-tailed Macaque), which has high population in Southeast Asia, began to be used as research animal. Various medical aspects related to both species are commonly studied by many researchers as an animal model for human diseases. This study is using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and nucleotide tracking to identify papillomavirus tipes that infect the genital tract of Macaca fascicularis and Macaca nemestrina, which is kept in breeding facilities of Primate Research Center, IPB. The analysis of nucleotide sequences were performed using the Clustal W 2.1 and 5.1 Mega program. The establishment of phylogenetic tree using neighbor joining with 1000 times bootstrap repetition. The results showed that the papillomavirus that infect Macaca fascicularis was 32.7% (78/238) and Macaca nemestrina 12% (4/31). Both species were infected by Macaca fascicularis papillomavirus (MfPV) tipe 3, 4, 5, 7 and 9, belongs to the genus Alpha papillomavirus with homology of 80 - 100%. Papilloma virus that infected the pig-tailed macaque was the same tipe of papillomavirus that infected the cynomolgus with similarity between 82% - 99% based on L1 region. To further explain the tipes of papilloma viruses that infected the pig-tailed macaque, it is necessary to identify the entire genome of the virus. To determine the tipe of the virus, it requires the identification of a more complete nucleotide sequence. It is interesting because papillomavirus that infected the pigtail macaques has 76% homology with the HPV tipe 52. This is the first report on the incidence of papillomavirus infection in the pigtail macaque genome that further analysis
Keyword: Papillomavirus, cervic cancer, animal model, Macaca fascicularis, Macaca nemestrina

Judul: Perencanaan Lanskap Kawasan Wisata Budaya Desa Adat Bualu Nusa Dua, Bali
Abstrak: Desa Adat Bualu adalah suatu wilayah yang terletak di sebelah barat Kawasan Pariwisata Nusa Dua (KPND) yang mempunyai budaya Bali yang kuat. Dengan dijadikannya Desa Adat Bualu sebagai kawasan wisata budaya diharapkan dapat melestarikan budaya tradisional di Desa Adat Bualu sekaligus meningkatkan kesejahteraan hidup masyarakatnya serta mempertahankan keberadaan Kawasan Pariwisata Nusa Dua sebagai kawasan pariwisata internasional yang sudah terkenal di seluruh dunia.
Keyword: