Judul: Makanan Siap Santap Tinggi Kalsium Berbahan Dasar Tepung Jagung dengan Penambahan Tepung Ikan Lele Dumbo (Clarias gariepinus sp.) bagi Pekerja Full-Time
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat snack food praktis tinggi kalsium berbahan dasar tepung jagung dengan penambahan tepung ikan lele dumbo (Clarias gariepimus sp.) bagian kepala dan badan agar dapat dengan baik diterima oleh kelompok sasaran. Formulasi pembuatan produk terdiri dari formulasi tepung jagung sebagai pangan subtitusi terigu sebanyak 50%, 75%, dan 100%, serta formulasi penambahan tepung ikan lele dumbo sebanyak 23% (F1), 25.5% (F2), dan 28% (F3). Formula terpilih berdasarkan uji organoleptik adalah produk dengan substitusi tepung jagung sebesar 50% atau dengan penggunaan tepung jagung sebanyak 75 g dan penambahan tepung ikan lele sebanyak 25.5% (F2). Tingkat kekerasan produk berdasarkan analisis sifat fisik adalah sebesar 678.7 g force. Analisis kimia produk menunjukkan bahwa 100 g produk memiliki kadar air 32.3%bb, kadar protein 10.0%bb, kadar lemak 11.4%bb, kadar abu 4.5%bb, karbohidrat 41.7%bb, dan 402.1 mg kalsium. Hasil analisis kimia menunjukkan bahwa produk dapat dikategorikan sebagai pangan kudapan tinggi kalsium. Produk pangan ini termasuk ke dalam kategori tinggi tingkat penerimaannya berdasarkan hasil uji daya terima kepada kelompok sasaran (pekerja full-time).
Keyword: Calcium, Corn flour, Catfish flour, Snack bar, Human ecology, Snack food, Wheat flour, Organoleptic test

Judul: Ketersediaan biologis (bioavailabilitas) kalsium secara in vitro pada crackers dengan tepung kepala ikan lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus)
Abstrak: Kalsium merupakan salah satu mineral makro yang penting untuk pembentukan tulang dan gigi yang normal. Sumber utama kalsium untuk masyarakat pada negara-negara maju adalah susu dan hasil olahannya namun rata-rata konsumsi susu pada remaja di Kota Bogor masih jauh dari angka kecukupan yang dianjurkan. Crackers dengan tepung kepala ikan lele sebanyak 12,5 gram mengandung 239,2 mg kalsium per takaran saji (44 g) dan dapat berkontribusi terhadap kecukupan kalsium remaja berdasarkan AKG 2004 sebesar 24%. Penambahan kalsium dalam produk pangan harus disertai dengan pengetahuan akan nilai ketersediaan biologis nya (bioavailabilitas) karena total kalsium yang tinggi dalam suatu produk belum menjamin jumlah kalsium yang diserap oleh tubuh yang tinggi pula.
Keyword: 

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
Keyword: