Judul: Peran Pemimpin Lokal dan Aksi Kolektif dalam Resiliensi Komunitas Pedesaan Selama Pandemi COVID-19 (Kasus: Sebuah dusun di Kecamatan Belopa, Kabupaten Luwu, Sulawesi Selatan)
Abstrak: Pandemi COVID-19 yang telah menyebar hingga ke desa mengharuskan pemerintah dan warga komunitas memiliki kemampuan untuk mengurangi dampak kerugian dari pandemi COVID-19. Peran pemimpin dibutuhkan untuk menggerakkan aksi kolektif dalam membangun resiliensi komunitas selama pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran pemimpin lokal dan aksi kolektif dalam resiliensi komunitas selama pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan instrumen kuesioner yang dilengkapi oleh pendekatan kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam dan observasi. Lokasi penelitian yakni di Dusun Kalobang, Desa Senga Selatan, Kabupaten Luwu, Sulawesi Selatan. Pemilihan responden menggunakan teknik simple random sampling dengan responden sebanyak 50 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingginya tingkat peran pemimpin lokal memiliki hubungan yang kuat dengan tingkat aksi kolektif komunitas pedesaan selama pandemi COVID-19. Sedangkan tingkat aksi kolektif tidak memiliki hubungan dengan tingkat resiliensi komunitas pedesaan selama pandemi COVID-19. Namun, warga komunitas memersepsikan tingkat resiliensi komunitas berada pada kategori tinggi., The COVID-19 pandemic that has spread to villages requires the government and community members to have the ability to reduce the impact of losses from the COVID-19 pandemic. The role of leaders is needed to drive collective action in building community resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this research to analyze the role of local leaders and collective action in community resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research uses a quantitative approach with questionnaire instruments equipped with a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and observations. The research location is in Dusun Kalobang, South Senga Village, Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi. The selection of respondents used a simple random sampling technique with 50 respondents. The results showed that the high level of role local leaders has a strong relationship with the level of collective action rural communities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, the level of collective action has not relation to the level of resilience rural communities during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, community perceive the level of community resilience as being in the high category.
Keyword: collective action, community resilience, COVID-19 pandemic, local leaders

Judul: The ability of leaders and their role in community resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic (Case: A village in West Bekasi District, Bekasi City, West Java Province)
Abstrak: Ditegaskan bahwa penanggulangan COVID-19 di Indonesia menggunakan strategi pendekatan komunitas. Komunitas harus mampu menekan penyebaran kasus infeksi COVID-19. Suatu komunitas akan mampu mengatasi bencana apabila memiliki aksi kolektif, yang membutuhkan pemimpin untuk mengarahkan masyarakatnya melakukan aksi bersama. Maka tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kemampuan pemimpin komunitas pada masa pandemi COVID-19, menganalisis aksi kolektif komunitas, dan menganalisis kemampuan pemimpin dan perannya dalam resiliensi komunitas pada masa pandemi COVID-19 di suatu wilayah yang mendapat penghargaan sebagai kampung Tangguh. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan metode survei dengan kuesioner kepada 40 responden, dengan diperkuat oleh wawancara mendalam. Data diolah menggunakan Microsoft Excel 2013 dengan analisis statistika deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemampuan pemimpin komunitas pada masa pandemi COVID-19 tinggi, dengan tingkat aksi kolektif komunitas rendah. Kemampuan pemimpin komunitas tergolong tinggi namun belum dapat meningkatkan aksi kolektif di antara warga sehingga peranannya rendah pada resiliensi komunitas di masa pandemi COVID-19., It’s emphasized that the response to COVID-19 in Indonesia uses a community approach strategy. The community must be able to suppress the spread of COVID-19 infection cases. A community will be able to overcome a disaster if it has a collective action that requires a leader to direct the community to take collective action. So, the purpose of this study is to analyse the ability of community leaders during the COVID-19 pandemic, analyse the collective action of the community, and analyse the ability of leaders and their role in community resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic in an area that was awarded as a Tangguh village. The data was collected using a survey method with a questionnaire to 40 respondents, reinforced by in-depth interviews. The data was processed using Microsoft Excel 2013 with descriptive statistical analysis. The results showed that the ability of community leaders during the COVID-19 pandemic was high, with a low level of community collective action. The ability of community leaders is high but has not been able to increase collective action among citizens so that their role is low in community resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keyword: Aksi kolektif, COVID-19, kepemimpinan, resiliensi komunitas

Judul: Apatite Growth Optimation on Chicken Mucouse by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Characterization
Abstrak: Some experiment had been conducted to grow apatite from supersaturated solution of calcium phosphate ions on chicken mucouse. The calcium and phosphate ions were originated from Ca(NO3)2 and (NH4)2HPO4. Carbonate ions from (NH4)2CO3 was also used as starting solution. Experiment was carried out within about 5 hours at temperature 370 C and pH 7. Value of Ca+ : PO4 3- was 1.67, while molar ratio of CO3 2- : PO4 3- was 0.5 : 1. Molarity of molar ratio CO3 2- : PO4 3- variated approximately 0.15 : 0.30, 0.51 : 1.02, and 0.90 : 1.80. Mass of mucouse powder was constant 0.75 gram. The analysis result of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) showed that the precipitation was apatite carbonate type A and B. In these experiment it was found out that the mucouse reduce the crystallinity of apatite precipitant, and the growth of apatite crystal was optimum at solution with molar ratio CO3 2- : PO4 3- about 0.15 : 0.30.
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