Judul: Sifat fisik dan palatabilitas pasta daging kambing dengan metode kominusi dan frekuensi leaching yang berbeda
Abstrak: Kambing (Capra Sp) merupakan hewan ruminansia kecil yang telah dibudidayakan di beberapa negara di dunia termasuk di Indonesia. Sifat daging kambing yang mempunyai bau yang mencolok yaitu bau prengus menyebabkan di beberapa tempat daging kambing kurang disukai. Daging kambing merupakan sumber protein yang bermutu tinggi yang dapat memenuhi kebutuhan asam-asam amino esensial yang diperlukan oleh tubuh. Pengolahan daging kambing masih sangat terbatas karena bau khas (prengus). Salah satu cara untuk mengurangi atau menghilangkan bau prengus daging kambing adalah dengan teknik leaching yang dipadukan dengan metode kominusi (mengurangi ukuran partikel daging) sebelum daging diolah lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari sifat fisik dan palatabilitas pasta daging kambing dengan metode kominusi dan frekuensi leaching yang berbeda pada proses pembuatannya.
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Judul: Sifat Fisik dan Palatabilitas Pasta Daging Kambing dengan Metode Kominusi dan Frekuensi Leaching yang Berbeda
Abstrak: Goat (Capra sp.) as one of small ruminant animal has been domesticated in some countries, including Indonesia. Mutton is less acceptable by consumer due to its goaty smell, even though -as a protein source- contain essential amino acids which are needed by human body. By that means, mutton process in limited ways and resulting limited products. Leaching technique and comminuting method (a method which is reducing meat particle size), are some of technique to reduce or eliminate goaty smell in mutton. The aim of the research was to study physical characteristic and palatability of mutton pasta processed by comminuting method and different leaching frequency. The research used Complete Randomized Design Factorial Pattern with three repetitions. The first factor (A) was comminuting method consist of ground meat and small cutting meat (1.5x1.5x1.5 cm3 in size). The second factor (B) was leaching frequency which had three levels frequency: 0, 3 and 6 times. Data was analyzed by Analysis of Variants continued to Least Significant Mean if the results gave different effect. Observed parameters were color, aroma, texture, taste and spread ability, was evaluated by hedonic test using 50 panelists inexperienced. Data analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis Test and if it gave different effect continued to Rank Mean Compared Test. The research’s results showed that interaction between comminuting method and leaching frequency gave significant different effect to emulsion stability of mutton pasta.
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Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite