Judul: Efektivitas pemanenan kayu dengan teknik reduced impact logging terhadap cadangan massa karbon di hutan alam tropika, Kalimantan Timur
Abstrak: The research was carried out in natural tropical forest managed by PT Inhutani II, East Kalimantan. The objectives of the research were to study carbon (C) stock in natural tropical forest after conventional logging (CL) and reduced impact logging (RIL) and to asses the effectivness of RIL based on forest carbon stock, financial and other environmental aspects. The effect of CL and RIL to the environment and carbon stock in the plots were studied using the data of three plots with each size 100 m x 100 m. The plots are placed based on purposive sampling at landing, main skiddtrail and branch skiddtrail, respectively. The results of the research showed that the potencial of commercial timber species in conventional logging and RIL were 353.51 stems/ha and 362.7 stems/ha. The number of residual stand damages caused by conventional logging and RIL were 134.67 stems/ha (38.10 %) and 85.33 stems/ha (23.52 %). The avarage of one fell tree at conventional and RIL plots caused residual stand damages 26.93 stems and 17.07 stems, respectively. The avarage of residual stand damage by one felled tree of RIL can reduce residual stand damage of 9.86 stems (36.61 %) compared with conventional logging. This indicated that conventional logging in the tropical natural forest caused heavier damage on residual stand compared with RIL. Forest C stocks were counted by allometric equation of tree. The results of the research showed that allometric equation of trees was C = 0.017597 D2.73, the forest C stock of 10 years after logging were 99.16 Mg ha-1 in conventional logging area, and 139.17 Mg ha-1 in RIL area, respectively. The average of the forest C stocks of logged over areas after RIL and CL in one cycle (30 years) were 118.20 Mg ha-1 year -1 and 75.64 Mg ha-1year-1. This research indicated, that the difference in C stocks of RIL compared with CL was 42.56 Mg ha-1 year -1. Based on financial analysis, RIL was feasible and profitable at rate interest 16 %.
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Judul: Studi Literatur Penerapan Teknik Reduce Impact Logging (RIL) di Hutan Alam Tropika Indonesia.
Abstrak: Pemanenan hasil hutan jika dilakukan secara berhati hati tetap akan menimbulkan kerusakan terhadapa vegetasi dan tanah yang tidak dapat dihindari sepenuhnya. Salah satu indikator yang penting dalam pengelolaan hutan yang lestari adalah kerusakan tegakan tinggal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hasil penerapan RIL dibandingkan dengan CL dan pengaruhnya terhadap kerusakan hutan alam. Mengetahui pengaruh yang signifikan pada penerapan Teknik RIL terhadap kerusakan pemanenan kayu di hutan alam tropika Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan berupa studi literatur dimana data dicatat dalam format penulisan daftar pustaka/nama penulisan, tahun terbit, nama, dan nomor jurnal, atau http bila diperoleh dari internet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemanenan kayu dengan teknik RIL di hutan alam tropika dapat menurunkan kerusakan pada tegakan, keterbukaan areal hutan dan logging waste. Penerapan pemanenan dengan teknik RIL pada hutan alam tropika Indonesia mampu mengurangi kerusakan tegakan tinggal sebesar 33.97 pohon ha-1, mengurangi keterbukaan areal hutan sebesar 425.68 m2 ha-1, dan mengurangi volume limbah pemanenan kayu sebesar 8.10 m3 ha-1.
Keyword: CL, tropical natural forest, stand damage, RIL

Judul: Trichomonas Gallinae Penyebab Trichomonosis Pada Unggas
Abstrak: Trichomonas gallinae adalah protozoa yang bergerak aktof dengan keempat flagella yang mempunyai layar dan pada salah satu sisinya terdapat membran seperti sirip ikan yang berombak. Spesies dari genus Trichomonas ini mempunyai arti penting pada unggas, karena dapat menyebabkan infeksi pada alat pencernaan bagian atas.
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