Judul: Karakteristik Kulit Ceker Ayam yang Disamak dengan Kombinasi Krom dan Mimosa serta Ekstrak Daun Teh (Camelia sinensis).
Abstrak: Skin tanning is process of converting rawhide skin protein into skin tanned by tanning materials, that result a change in the physical properties of unstable to stable and resistant to environmental influences such as physical pressure, weather, and microorganisms. Waste from tanning process is solid waste, gas, and liquid. For not polluting the environment, liquid waste containing chromium (0.7%) should be processed in the mix with natural tanning materials, like tea. This research used the skin of chicken claw that used combination of tanning (chemical tanning and tea extract) with different concentrations of chrome and nature tanning materials (mimosa and tea extracts) (70:20:10), (60:20:20) and (50:20:30), respectively. Parameters in this reseacrh was the quality of the skin tensile test, elongation test and skin rips test. The best concentration of tea extract for physical characteristics of the tanned chicken claw leather is addition of tea extract 10% intensile test, 20% tea extract in elongation test and 30% tea extract in skin rips test.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), tea, tanning, eather

Judul: Karakteristik Kulit Ceker Ayam yang Disamak dengan Kombinasi Krom dan Mimosa serta Ekstrak Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava Linn.)
Abstrak: Tanning is the process of converting protein rawhide into leather which stable and not easily decompose. Tanning can be performed on the skin of chicken claw because it has a protein content that is not different from the protein skin of cattle about 23%. The use of chromium can be overcome with vegetable tanning materials that derived from plants and environmentally friendly. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of the tanned skin of chicken claw with a combination of chrome, mimosa and guava leaf extract. Observed variables consisted of tensile strength, elongation, and tear endurance with repetition performed 3 times. The results showed that the concentration of guava leaf extract different effect on tensile strength, but has no effect on elongation and tear endurance of leather. Chrome and mimosa still give effect to the tanning process, but the addition of guava leaf extract as much as 10% showed optimum ability to help increase the tensile endurance of leather.
Keyword: tanning, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), guava leaf, chicken claw

Judul: Heisenberg Uncertainty of Double SlitSystem Based on Budiyono-Rohrlich Quantum Statistics Model
Abstrak: Interpretasi kuantum dikembangkan untuk memaknai secara fisis dengan jelas bagaimana suatu dinamika pada sistem mikroskopis yang dijelaskan dengan teori-teori kuantum, seperti interpretasi Copenhagen yang mendeskripsikan sistem kuantum sebagai suatu keadaan yang dideskripsikan dengan fungsi gelombang yang berisikan bagaimana peluang keadaan suatu sistem. Interpretasi kuantum juga bisa dibawa dari suatu sistem klasik seperti pada model statistika-kuantum Budiyono-Rohrlich yang menjelaskan bagaimana dinamika kuantum berhubungan dengan sistem klasik dengan penerapan statistika pada model Hamiltonian sistem. Fungsi distribusi dapat mendeskripsikan bagaimana suatu sistem terdistribusi pada suatu ruang pada pandangan klasik namun untuk sistem kuantum fungsi distribusi adalah peluang dari sistem tersebut. Sistem klasik dan kuantum juga dipisahkan berdasarkan pada ketidakpastian Heisenberg tentang suatu pengukuran yang tidak bisa secara sekaligus dilakukan bersamaan. Model statistika-kuantum Budiyono-Rohrlich membawa suatu sistem klasik menjadi sistem kuantum dengan dua aksioma yaitu hukum kekekalan energi rata rata dan konservasi rapat probabilitas. Sistem klasik yang didefinisikan akan diatur dengan menambahkan dua variable matematis berupa ontic extensions dan epistemic restrictions dimana kedua variabel ini yang akan menghubungkan bagaimana sistem klasik bisa diubah menjadi sebuah sistem kuantum. Dua variabel matematis tadi membuat sebuah sistem bisa diperlihatkan ketidakpastiannya lewat perhitungan simpangan rata-rata dan hasilnya akan selalu memenuhi ketidakpastian Heisenberg
Keyword: fungsi distribusi, model Budiyono-Rohrlich, ontic extension, epistemic restriction, ketidakpastian Heisenberg