Judul: Profil Senyawa Volatil Pada Berbagai Jenis Minyak Atsiri Asal Indonesia
Abstrak: This study was conducted to identify the volatil compounds of essential oils from Indonesia and its comparison with national or international standards. Essential oils for the research were nutmeg oil, patchouli oil, vetiver oil, java citronellal, cananga oil, ylang-ylang oil, terpentin oil, fresh ginger oil, kaffir lime leaf oil and black pepper oil. The samples were analized by Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectromety (GC-MS) for identification of their volatil compounds. The result of the research showed that quantitative data based on area of chromatogram of Sulawesi and Java nutmeg oil fulfilled the specification of flavor and fragrant multi national company standard. Sulawesi, Java and Sumatra patchouli oil fullfilled the specification of International Standard based on the volatil compounds parameters. West Java vetiver oil fulfilled the specification of ISO standard based on the volatil compounds parameters. West Java terpentine oil fulfilled the specification of National standard for Standard Group based on the volatil compounds parameters. Java kaffir lime leaf oil fullfilled the specification of flavor and fragrant multi national company standard based on the volatil compounds parameters. Finally, Java citronelal oil fulfilled the specification of National Standard (SNI) based on the volatil compounds parameters.
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Judul: Karakterisasi Aroma Minyak Nilam Aceh (Pogostemon cablin Benth.)
Abstrak: Patchouli is a fragrant shrub that is rooted fibers, smooth leaves are like velvet when touched by hand, and somewhat rounded oval like the heart, and the color is rather pale. Another characteristics of patchouli when it touched out, the leaves will be wet and give aroma of patchouli. Patchouli oil is essential oil obtained from patchouli leaves (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) by distillation. As an export commodity, patchouli oil has good prospects as needed continuously in the perfume industry, cosmetics, soap, and others. Patchouli oil has high fixative capability which can bind and prevent the evaporation of fragrance perfuming substance so the aroma not quickly disappear or more durable. Sensory test results using Focus Group Discussion (FGD) method generate 10 aroma descriptions of patchouli oil: cherry, camphor, dry, earthy, eugenol, floral, musky, sweet, turpentine, and woody. Analysis using GC-MS to the three patchouli oils generate 108 volatile components with 23 components that have a relative area percentage more than 0.5%. These three varieties of patchouli oil have patchouli alcohol levels more than 30%. Patchouli oil composed of high boiling components with 5 components that have the highest area percentage which are patchouli alcohol (31,5%), α-bulnesene (12,3%), α-guaiene (11,7%), α-patchoulene (5%), and α- selinene (3,9%). Patchouli oil fractionation (Sidikalang varieties) using column chromatography produced 40 volatile components in the chromatogram which is more assertive than patchouli oil chromatogram before fractionation. Thus, patchouli oil fractionation using column chromatography can make the volatile components identification easier to justify.
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Judul: Closed Knight’s Tour pada Papan Catur Berbentuk Persegi Panjang dengan Ukuran Maksimal 8 × 8
Abstrak: Closed Knight’s Tour merupakan langkah kuda yang mengunjungi setiap kotak pada papan catur tepat satu kali dengan langkah kuda berawal dan berakhir pada kotak yang sama. Graf yang terbentuk dari closed knight’s tour dinotasikan sebagai graf G(m,n), dengan m adalah banyaknya baris dan n adalah banyaknya kolom. Graf tersebut memuat Hamiltonian cycle. Sebuah graf terhubung G adalah graf bipartite jika dan hanya jika graf tersebut tidak memiliki cycle dengan panjang ganjil. Papan catur yang memenuhi syarat cukup untuk memiliki closed knight’s tour adalah papan catur berukuran 5 × 6, 5 × 8, 6 × 6, 6 × 7, 6 × 8, 7 × 8, dan 8 × 8.
Keyword: bipartite, closed knight’s tour, hamiltonian cycle, knight’s tour, teori graf