Judul: Model SEIRS pada penyakit chikungunya
Abstrak: Chikungunya is a disease caused by the chikungunya virus. It is spread to human through the bites of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. A SEIRS-LSEI model is proposed to formulate the dynamic of chikungunya disease from mosquito to human. SEIRS-LSEI model of chikungunya has four equilibrium points, i.e. two disease free and two endemic points. The stability of those points are determined according to the eigen values of Jacobi matrix. The existence of the disease are controlled by the basic reproduction number In this thesis, the dynamical analysis of interaction between human and mosquito is given by some illustrative examples. We consider two policies in controlling mosquito population, i.e. spraying and using antimosquito lotion. Mosquito spraying will increase the parameter of mosquito mortality, while spraying antimosquito lotion will decrease the parameter of average daily biting. The dynamics of the disease is mainly determined by the intensity of interaction of human susceptible with infected mosquito. Simulation results confirm that, if the rate of mosquito mortality increases by spraying, then the population of infected human decreases, such that the population of suscepted human increases. The same situation happens when the average daily biting of infected mosquito decreases by lotion usage. . If the number is less than one, then the disease can be removed from the population. On the other hand, if the
Keyword: 

Judul: Model Matematika Tipe SEIRS-SEI untuk Transmisi Penyakit Malaria
Abstrak: Malaria is an infectious disease caused by a parasite of the genus Plasmodium of Anopheles mosquito. The malaria is transmitted to human through mosquito bites which is very dangerous for our health. In this research, a system of ordinary differential equations for the spread of malaria in human and mosquito populations is presented. In the model formulated by Chitnis, the human population is divided into four classes, namely susceptible, exposed, infected, and recovered. The mosquito population is divided into three classes, namely susceptible, exposed, and infected. Susceptible human can be infected when they are bitten by infectious mosquitos. In this study, the exposed humans considered to have been open to be infected by parasites so they are classified into human exposed class. After a period of incubation elapsed, those in human exposed class might be infected so that they are classified into infected class. Those in infected class might be recovered after a latent period passed on so that they are classified into recovered class, or may return back to the susceptible class when the immunity decreased. Those in recovered class will have temporary immunity so that again be susceptible human in a given period. In this study, this model is a modification of a previous model is proposed and analyzed by adding a recovery rate of infected subclass into susceptible subclass of human. The simulation study showed the existence of two equilibrium points, i.e. the disease-free equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium points. Next, the stability analysis of the equilibrium points were conducted by considering the basic reproduction number ( ). The basic reproduction number is the expected value of infections per unit of time. The number is considered as a benchmark of disease transmission in the population. If then on average each infected individual will be infecting less than one newly individual, so that the disease will disappear. If , then on average each infected individual will generate more than one newly infected individuals, so that the disease will spread. Numerical analysis and simulation results showed that the number of each class of human and mosquito reaches a stable condition approaching the diseasefree equilibrium and obtained , and approaching the stable condition of the endemic equilibrium with the value of In addition, the increase of human recovery rate will decrease the . Therefore, the rate of disease transmission decreases. The human recovery rate indicates the proportion of infected human who get recovered of the disease and converted back into the susceptible subclass. Furthermore, it has been showen that for the human population, if the abovementioned recovery rates increase, then the number of susceptible human become exposed decrease. Similarly for the mosquito population, if the recovery rate increase, then the number of susceptible mosquitoes become exposed also decrease. As a consequence, disease will be vanished from population.
Keyword: mathematical models, malaria transmission, basic reproductive number, disease-free equilibrium, endemic equilibrium

Judul: Analisis kinerja keuangan dan kemampuan pelayanan koperasi produsen tempe tahu indonesia (kopti) kabupaten garut
Abstrak: Kopti garut berdiri pada tanggal 10 Oktober 1980 dan memeperoleh pengakuan resmi dari Departemen Koperasi pada tanggal 6 Nopember 19980 seperti yang tertuang dalam risalah Badan Hukum Kantor Wilayah Departemen Koperasi Propinsi Jawa Barat Nomor 7186/BH/DK - 10/22. Usaha utama Kopti ini yaitu menyediakan bahan baku kedelai bagi para pengrajin tempe tahu sebagai anggotanya.
Keyword: