Judul: Analisis fenomena twin deficit pada negara-negara Asean
Abstrak: Pemerintah suatu negara seringkali menghadapi masalah defisit, baik defisit fiskal maupun defisit transaksi berjalan (current account deficit). Defisit fiskal seringkali terjadi saat pemerintah meningkatkan pelayanan publik kepada rakyatnya atau untuk meningkatkan pembangunan perekonomian sehingga pemerintah dapat bertindak dengan cara meningkatkan pengeluaran pemerintah (government expenditure) atau` menurunkan tingkat pajak (taxes). Defisit perdagangan (current account deficit) terjadi apabila penerimaan pemerintah dari ekspor lebih kecil dibandingkan pengeluaran pemerintah untuk impor, hal ini seringkali terjadi apabila produk domestik kurang memiliki daya saing dibandingkan produk lain di pasar internasional atau karena kurs domestik yang terapresiasi sehingga menurunkan daya saing produk domestik di pasar internasional (Fleegler, 2006).
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Judul: Defisit Fiskal, Defisit Perdagangan dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Negara-Negara di Kawasan ASEAN+3
Abstrak: The ambiguity of expansionary fiscal policy raises interest among researchers to explore further about the relationship between fiscal deficit, trade deficit, and economic growth. Several studies on the relationship between fiscal deficit and trade deficit, which also known as twin deficits, have different conclusions in every country. Likewise the impact of fiscal deficits on economic growth. This research aims to comprehensively examine the relationships between those three variables, starting with analyzing the impact of fiscal deficits on the trade deficit and continued by determining both impact of these deficits on economic growth in ASEAN +3 countries. By using a dynamic panel data analysis of the eight countries during 1993-2010, there are three findings i.e. 1) twin deficits hypothesis (TDH) holds only for China, 2) fiscal deficit has a positive impact on growth, and 3) trade deficit has a negative impact on the growth of countries in ASEAN +3.
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Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell