Judul: Analisis Ekspresi Gen AGAMOUS2, SQUAMOSA1, dan EGAD1 Organ Reproduktif dan Vegetatif Elaeis guineensis Jacq
Abstrak: One of the major problems encountered in micropropagation of oil palm through tissue culture is mantled abnormality. One of genes reported to involve in the mantled is EGAD1, a gene coding for putative plant defensin. Abnormality also influenced by floral genes, for example AG2 and SQUA1. This experiment aimed to analyze of the AG2, SQUA1 and EGAD1 expression on reproductive and vegetative organs of abnormal and normal oil palm. RNA was isolated from flower and leaf of abnormal and normal oil palm. The AG2, SQUA1 and EGAD1 expression observed by RT-PCR method. To further confirm the result, UnScan gel IT software was also utilized. Expression of AG2 not found in abnormal and normal oil palm leaf. SQUA1 and EGAD1 expression in normal oil palm leaf higher than abnormal. Expression quantity of SQUA1 and EGAD1 in normal oil palm leaf is 80.20 ng/mL and 15.96 ng/mL. In contrast, expression of AG2, SQUA1, dan EGAD1 in abnormal oil palm flower higher than normal. AG2, SQUA1, dan EGAD1 quantity in abnormal oil palm flower is 174.20 ng/mL, 120.72 ng/mL, dan 130.55 ng/mL.
Keyword: 

Judul: Characterization on Abnormalities of Oilpalm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) Somatic Embryos
Abstrak: Kelapa sawit merupakan tanaman penghasil minyak nabati utama di Indonesia dan memegang peranan penting untuk memenuhi kebutuhan minyak nabati dalam negeri. Untuk meningkatkan peranan kelapa sawit dilakukan intensifikasi dan ekstensifikasi tanaman kelapa sawit. Untuk mencapai peningkatan perluasan areal pertanaman kelapa sawit membutuhkan bibit yang sangat besar. Salah satu cara penyediaan bibit kelapa sawit dapat melalui kultur jaringan. Kelebihan melalui kultur jaringan adalah mampu menghasilkan bibit dalam jumlah yang banyak dalam waktu yang relatif singkat. Namun demikian, kendala utama bibit hasil kultur jaringan adalah masalah abnormalitas pada organ reproduktif yang diduga terkait dengan perubahan genetik dan epigenetik selama masa pembentukan embrio somatik (ES)., Oilpalm is the most important vegetable oil producing plant in Indonesia. A mass production of oilpalm transplants to support new oilpalm estate can be conducted through tissue culture. However, the primary problem of tissue culture generated transplants is increasingly reproductive abnormalities postulated due to the genetic and/or epygenetic changes during somatic embryo (SE) formation. The objectives of this research were (1) to characterize abnormality of somatic embryos at several growth stages, (2) to study the genetic change of SEs at several growth stages and their plantles, and (3) to study the relationship of cytosine methylation of genomic DNA and abnormality at several SE growth stages and plantlets. Genetic characterization was accomplished by RAPD and RAF technique. Epigenetic characterization was conducted by RP-HPLC and RAFmethylation sensitive technique. The results showed that morphological characterization on SE at globular, heart form scutellar, and cotyledon resulted that there were morphological variations.
Keyword: Elaeis guineensis, Plant breeding, Variety trials, Biotechnology, Molecular biology, Somatic embryogenesis

Judul: Solusi Geometri Schwarzschild untuk Dimensi 4+1 dengan Invarian Rotasi Isotropik.
Abstrak: Metrik Schwarzschild merupakan solusi eksak pertama dari persamaan medan Einstein dengan mangasumsikan metrik statik dan simetris. Metrik Schwarzschild yang ditemukan oleh Karl Schwarzschild masih dalam dimensi 3+1, namun seiring dengan teori-teori terbaru yang menunjukkan bahwa alam semesta tidak hanya di dimensi 3+1. Maka melalui penambahan dimensi, tujuan penelitian ini memperoleh solusi pada geometri Schwarzschild untuk dimensi 4+1 dengan memodifikasi koordinat bola yang invarian rotasi isotropik dan melalui penurunan rumus seperti koordinat bola, simbol Christoffel, dan tensor Ricci. Selain mendapatkan solusi ini, metrik Schwarzschild dimensi 4+1 dapat digunakan sebagai metrik dasar untuk memperoleh solusi blackhole dan wormhole pada dimensi 4+1. Hasil akhirnya, dengan memanfaatkan modifikasi koordinat bola, metrik Schwarzschild dapat dibentuk sehingga diperoleh solusi geometri Schwarzschild untuk dimensi 4+1.
Keyword: metrik Schwarzschild, persamaan medan Einstein, modifikasi koordinat bola, penambahan dimensi, invarian rotasi isotropik