Judul: Karakteristik Fisikokimia dan Organoleptik Puding Kefir dengan Penambahan Madu Sari Kurma
Abstrak: Kefir merupakan produk fermentasi yang mengandung berbagai bakteri probiotik kompleks seperti Lactobacillus acidophilus dan Bifidobacterium bifidum. Kefir memiliki rasa yang asam dan mengandung alkohol, puding merupakan produk makanan instan yang beredar dipasaran. Kefir diolah menjadi puding dengan penambahan madu sari kurma diharapkan dapat menjadi makanan yang dapat dikonsumsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sifat fisik, kimia, organoleptik berupa uji kekuatan gel, nilai pH, uji kadar serat kasar, kadar air, nilai aw, kadar protein, uji hedonik dan skoring (rasa, tekstur, aroma warna) pada produk puding. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga kali pengulangan. Hasil penelitian menujukkan penambahan madu sari kurma pada puding kefir tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap karakteristik kimia selain aw dan kadar serat kasar serta hasil uji hedonik dan mutu hedonik pada warna berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap parameter puding yang dihasilkan. Puding dengan perlakuan penambahan madu sari kurma 10% memiliki nilai skoring paling tinggi dibandingkan perlakuan penambahan madu sari kurma lainnya. Kata kunci: fermentasi, kefir, madu sari kurma, puding, susu, Kefir is a fermented product that contains various complex probiotic bacteria such as Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum. Kefir has a sour taste and contains alcohol, pudding is an instant food product that is widely available in the market. Kefir is processed into pudding added with date honey so that it is expected to become consumable food. This study aims to analyze the physical, chemical, and organoleptic properties which include gel strength test, pH value, crude fiber content test, water content test, aw value, protein content test, hedonic test and scoring (taste, texture, aroma, colour) for pudding products. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. The results showed that the addition of date honey to kefir pudding did not have a significant effect (P>0.05) on chemical characteristics except for aw and crude fiber content, as well as hedonic test results and hedonic quality on color, had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the resulting pudding parameter. The pudding with the treatment of adding 10% date honey has the highest scoring value compared to other treatments of adding date palm honey. Keyword: date palm honey, fermentation, kefir, milk, pudding
Keyword: date palm honey, fermentation, kefir, milk, pudding

Judul: Physical and Organoleptic Properties of kefir from cow’s milk Supplemented by Red Fruit Extract (Pandanus conoideus)
Abstrak: Kefir susu sapi merupakan produk susu fermentasi menggunakan starter biji kefir yang terdiri dari bakteri asam laktat, kapang, dan khamir. Kefir memiliki manfaat bagi kesehatan karena termasuk dalam pangan probiotik. Kefir juga mengandung eksopolisakarida dan peptida bioaktif yang dapat meningkatkan sistem imun tubuh. Buah merah adalah buah endemik dari Papua yang memiliki manfaat juga bagi kesehatan karena mengandung zat aktif yang dapat meningkatkan sistem imun tubuh. Zat aktif yang terkandung dalam buah merah adalah karotenoid, alfa tokoferol, beta karoten, asam linoleat, asam oleat, asam linolenat, dan asam dekanoat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis sifat fisik dan organoleptik kefir susu sapi dengan penambahan ekstrak buah merah 0%, 2,5% dan 5%. Analisis sifat fisik yang diuji adalah viskositas, nilai pH, nilai aw, dan total asam tertitrasi. Analisis sensori yang dilakukan adalah uji hedonik dan uji mutu hedonik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan penambahan ekstrak buah merah berpengaruh nyata (P < 0,05) terhadap nilai viskositas, total asam tertitrasi, uji hedonik parameter warna, dan aroma serta uji mutu hedonik parameter warna, aroma, dan kekentalan, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata (p > 0,05) terhadap nilai aw, nilai pH, uji hedonik parameter rasa dan kekentalan serta uji mutu hedonik parameter rasa., Cow's milk-based kefir is a fermented milk product that uses kefir grains utulizing of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeast combination as fermentation starter. Kefir is very beneficial for health because it contains probiotic active exopolysaccharides and bioactive peptides that can stimulate the body's immune system. Red fruit (Pandanus conoideus) is an endemic fruit of Papua which had known to have various health benefit effects. Red fruit contains bioactive compounds which can boost the immune system. The compounds include carotenoids, alpha-tocopherol, beta carotene, linoleic acid, oleic acid, linolenic acid, and decanoic acid. This studsy aims to analyze the physical and organoleptic properties of cow's milk-based kefir with the addition of 0%, 2.5%, and 5% red fruit extract. The tested physical properties were viscosity, pH value, aw value, and total titrated acid, coupled with the sensory analysis through hedonic test and the hedonic quality test. The results showed that the addition of red fruit extract had a significant effect (P < 0,05) on the viscosity value, total titrated acid, the hedonic test for color and aroma parameters, and the hedonic quality test for color, aroma, and viscosity parameters, but had no significant effect (p > 0,05) on aw, pH, taste, and viscosity parameter hedonic test, and taste parameter hedonic quality test.
Keyword: Kefir, organoleptic, physical properties, red fruit extract

Judul: Zero-inflated negative binomial models in small area estimation.
Abstrak: The problem of over-dispersion in Poisson data is usually solved by introducing prior distributions which lead to negative binomial models. Poisson data sometime is also suffered by excess zero problems, a condition when data contains too many zero or exceeds the distribution's expectation. Zero Inflated Negative Binomial (ZINB) method can be utilized to solve such problems. This paper demonstrates the adaption of ZINB methods in Small Area Estimation with excess zero data. It is shown that the excess zero problem has substantially influenced the Empirical Bayes (EB) estimates, and the adaption of ZINB methods has improved the precision and reliability of the estimates. Key Words: Small Area Estimation, Zero-Inflation, Poisson-Gamma, Negative Binomial Regression, Empirical Bayes
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