Judul: Modifikasi Mesin Pemanen Udang/Ikan Tipe Vakum Berdasarkan Analisis Antropometri
Abstrak: Kebutuhan akan kemudahan dalam mendapatkan hasil budidaya udang dan ikan dalam tambak semakin bertambah. Kemudahan tersebut didukung dengan adanya alat yang dirancang untuk dipergunakan di lapangan. Alat tersebut senantiasa berkembang, termasuk dalam hal pemanenan hasil. Kendala yang dihadapi dalam pemanenan hasil perikanan termasuk udang yaitu banyaknya sumber daya yang dibutuhkan, sehingga mengakibatkan meningkatnya biaya produksi (Cost Production). Salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi hal tersebut yaitu dirancang suatu alat/mesin pemanen mekanis. Dengan dirancangnya mesin pemanen udang secara mekanis ini maka diharapkan dapat meminimalisir jumlah sumber daya pemanen serta meningkatkan kuantitas udang yang dipanen tanpa mengurangi kualitas udang hasil panen. Mesin pemanen mekanis udang/ikan tipe vakum dirancang untuk mengatasi masalah-masalah pemanenan tersebut, dengan tujuan untuk mengambil hasil budidaya dengan seefektif dan seefisien mungkin. Banyak pertimbangan yang digunakan saat merancang suatu desain sebuah alat atau mesin, salah satunya yaitu Ergonomika. Ergonomika membuat perancangan suatu desain tidak hanya efektif dan efisien dari segi sistemnya namun juga dari segi kenyamanan dan keselamatan kerja operatornya. Dalam perancangannya, mesin pemanen udang tipe vakum ini belum menggunakan prinsip ergonomika yang sesuai. Perlu dilakukannya analisa dan simulasi ergonomi terhadap mesin pemanen tersebut agar sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip ergonomika. Simulasi dilakukan dengan software CATIA P3 V5R20 karena memiliki aplikasi khusus mengenai analisis dan desain ergonomi suatu rancangan alat, mesin ataupun sistem kerja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kondisi/status posisi kerja operator dalam menjalankan sistem kerja dari mesin pemanen udang/ikan tipe vakum, dengan simulasi dan analisa ergonomi menggunakan CATIA P3 V5R20, kemudian melakukan modifikasi hasil simulasi mesin tersebut sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip ergonomika yang berkaitan dengan postur tubuh (antropometri) rata-rata orang Indonesia khususnya petani pria, untuk mendapatkan posisi kerja yang nyaman, aman, dan produktif.
Keyword: Design, Shrimp harvester, Ergonomic, Anthropometry, Simulation

Judul: Perancangan Mekanisme Hisap Vakum pada Mesin Pemanen Udang / Ikan Semi Kontinyu Tipe Vertikal
Abstrak: Products resulting from the fisheries sector is a good source of animal protein to meet the Indonesian people’s needs of nutritional and health. Some products that have a high protein value are shrimp and fish. The need for ease of getting farmed shrimp and fish in a pond increased, also include the harvesting results. Problems faced in fisheries harvesting is too much needed for resources and still lack of harvesting knowledge and skills. One way to minimize these problems is the use of mechanical harvester in harvesting pond. Another problems is that yields are still experiencing disability and high mortality rate. Design approach that taken are functional and structural design approach. From the results of the design will be carried out modeling and functional testing. Functional design is the design that has aspects related to the function and usefulness of each constituent element model of the commodities to be processed. Making models were created to test the success of harvesting systems that work in semi-continuous by vacuum suction mechanism. Because the model harvester shrimp / fish designed aiming to produce a work harvesting semi-continuous by vacuum suction mechanism. Measurements made in the form of rate water, time and speed of shrimp / fish down from the suction tank to the harvesting tank, the ratio number of the shrimp / fish in harvesting tank with shrimp / fish that are still left in the suction tank and pass rates of shrimp / fish alive. From the results obtained it can be seen the amount of shrimp that fell from suction tank to harvesting tank will vary for each time harvesting. The number of commodities that fall will be less and it could be more, depending on the time of harvesting. And the length of harvesting will make this harvester run semi-continuous.
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Judul: Sintesis Flavon dari Fenol dan Benzoil Klorida
Abstrak: Flavone is a class of flavonoid, commonly found in plants with wide bioactivity spectrum. A widely used flavone synthesis route is through acidcatalyzed oxidative cyclization of β-diketone. In this study, unsubstituted flavone had been synthesized via 5-step from phenol, with 22% yield and successfully increased the yield of previous study on Fries rearrangement of phenyl acetate and benzoylation of o-HAP steps. Phenol was acetylated resulting 93% phenyl acetate. AlCl3-catalyzed Fries rearrangement in 1.5 hour and at 120 °C converted phenyl acetate into o-hydroxyacetophenone (o-HAP) with 40% yield. AlCl3 as catalyst produced o-HAP with higher and reproducible yield compared with BF3·Et2O and ZnCl2. Benzoylation of o-HAP followed by Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement of the ester product using KOH in dried pyridine produced β-diketone 1-(2- hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropane-1,3-dione. The yield of ester and β-diketone were 71% and 85%, respectively. Finally, oxidative cyclization of β-diketone with sulphuric acid as catalyst produced 99% of flavone. The flavone product had been characterized spectroscopically and its melting point as well.
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