Judul: Indexing Spatio-Temporal Pada Data Hotspot
Abstrak: The spatial information of hotspot is always changing over time. The recording of these changes makes it necessary to add dimension of time (temporal) into database. The database which is capable to store spatial and temporal information is known as spatiotemporal database. This database is bigger than a normal database because it stores all versions of an object over time and not allowed data to be physically deleted. A large database size causes it’s search time increases. It makes an access structure is needed in spatiotemporal database. Indexing is one of the access structure applied in the spatiotemporal database that accelerates data searching process. Spatiotemporal indexing method consists of two parts namely spatial indexing which is based on geographical information, and temporal indexing which is based on data timing information. The process of hotspot data indexing will be done in this research by using R-Tree approach for spatial data and Change Temporal Index (CTI) for temporal data. R-Tree is a hierarchical, height-balanced external memory data structure for multidimensional object. The hierarchical of R-Tree based on list of administrative such as regency, provinces and island. Change Temporal Index makes indexed data based on temporal side like valid time. CTI keeps valid data in current database and previous data according to interval valid time in historical database. This research is expected to accelerate the retrieving process in spatiotemporal databases. Spatial indexing makes searching faster up to 70%, temporal indexing makes searching faster up to 35% and spatiotemporal indexing makes searching faster than without indexing up to 50%.
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Judul: Spatiotemporal Data Model Development on Hotspot Data with an Event-based Spatiotemporal Data Model (ESTDM) Concept
Abstrak: Hotspot data that has been existed all this time is still in the form of usual spatial data which is not enough to keep temporal information and information about how a hotspot evolved. There are so many disadvantages in keeping the hotspot data. Therefore a data model that can keep enough information to represent the hotspot evolution is needed, and also can handle the lack of keeping the previous hotspot data. An Event-based Spatiotemporal Data Model (ESTDM) concept is propose to overcome this problem. Appearance and disappearance process that occurs on hotspot will be used as base for spatiotemporal data model development on hotspot data. This research aims to implement an Event-based Spatiotemporal Data Model (ESTDM) concept into PostgreSQL. As a result, we can get the informations about spatial information and temporal information about geographical information changes to represent hotspot evolution from spatiotemporal query such as show hotspot that reappear after experience disappearance before. These queries make analyze a hotspot easier. The result of these queries can be visualized in a Indonesian map then with histories about period of appearance and disappearance of hotspot.
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Judul: Pemurnian Mono-diasilglierol dengan saponifikasi basa
Abstrak: Mono-diasilgliserol diproduksi dengan melakukan reaksi esterifikasi antara gliserol dengan PFAD (Palm Fatty Acid Distilates). Hasil reaksi tersebut terdiri atas beberapa komponen yaitu MDAG, asam lemak bebas (ALB), dan triasilgliserol (TAG). Fraksi ALB dan TAG berpengaruh dalam menurunkan kualitas MDAG. Oleh karena itu diperlukan pemurnian dengan metode saponifikasi dan ekstraksi yang dapat menghilangkan kedua fraksi yang tidak diinginkan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan produk MDAG murni dengan rendemen tinggi dan kualitas baik dengan cara memurnikan MDAG melalui proses saponifikasi dan ekstraksi pelarut. Pemurnian diawali dengan pelarutan MDAG kasar ke dalam campuran heksan dan metanol dengan perbandingan 1:1 kemudian disaponifikasi menggunakan basa. Pada penelitian ini digunakan 2 macam bahan penyabun yaitu 2 N basa kuat dan kristal basa lemah dengan 3 variasi perlakuan yaitu 10, 15 dan 20% (b/b) untuk basa kuat dan 10, 15 dan 20% (v/b) untuk basa lemah. Setelah proses saponifikasi, dilanjutkan proses kristalisasi dan penyaringan produk. Produk terbaik yang dihasilkan ialah perlakuan dengan basa lemah 15% (b/s), dimana kondisi tersebut menghasilkan rendemen sebesar 66.57% dengan komposisi MAG 24.68%, DAG 60.93%, dan TAG-ALB 14.39%, titik leleh 44.75. C, nilai pH 5.5, stabilitas emulsi 94.11%, tekstur kering, agak berbau, dan berwarna putih…
Keyword: MDAG, Asam lemak bebas, Saponifikasi, Esterifation reaction, Palm fatty acid distilates, Triacylglycerol