Judul: Karakteristik anatomi skelet kaki depan badak jawa (Rhinoceros sondaicus)
Abstrak: The study was aimed to observe the anatomical characteristics of forelimbs skeleton of javan rhino. The study was conducted by observing one set of the forelimbs skeleton of javan rhino and then compared with sumatran rhino (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) and other animal from literature, related to the function and behaviour. The results showed that the forelimbs skeleton of the javan rhino was relatively short and compact. The scapula had a large tuber spinae scapulae that triangular-shape and the facies serrata was not separated into two parts by the fossa subscapularis. The humerus had a large tuberositas deltoidea with undeveloped crista humeri. The radial and ulnar were had narrow spatium interosseum antebrachii, while olecranon of the ulnar was a single tuber. Facies palmaris of the carpal bone had an extension which leads to mediodistal. In general, forelimbs skeleton of javan rhino was resemble to forelimbs skeleton of sumatran rhino, cows, and pigs. This condition were presumed to be related to the adaptation of body size, habitat, and their behaviour.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), javan rhino, forelimbs skeletons

Judul: Karakteristik anatomi skelet kaki belakang Badak Jawa (Rhinoceros sondaicus)
Abstrak: Javan rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus) is one of the rarest mammals which can be found only in Ujung Kulon National Park (UKNP), Banten Province, Indonesia. Behavioural study on this animal could be learned by studying their anatomy structure. The aim of this study was to learn about the characteristics of the javan rhino’s hind limb skeletal anatomy and was compared with the sumatran rhino’s hind limb skeleton. This study used a set of javan rhino’s hind limb skeleton which was brought from UKNP. The observation was done by measuring the skeleton, inspecting the structures and relating it to its behaviour, then capturing pictures of the skeleton. The elements of javan rhino’s skeleton were named based on Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria 2012. Generally, a javan rhino’s hind limb skeleton’s structure was relatively similar to a sumatran rhino. But, there are several differences in the structure that is assumed to be related to the difference in body size between those two species. The differences found were the wideness of ala ossis ilii. Furthermore, the trochanter major and trochanter tertius were more developed. An indentation (deep sulcus) was also found on dorsal side of os talus.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), anatomy skeleton., javan rhino, hind limb

Judul: Kontrol Otomatis Pengisian dan Pemakaian Baterai Sel Surya Menggunakan Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Secara Realtime
Abstrak: Sel surya hadir sebagai teknologi yang dapat merubah energi sinar matahari menjadi energi listrik. Energi listrik yang dihasilkan oleh modul sel surya tidak langsung digunakan melainkan akan di simpan ke dalam sebuah baterai agar dapat digunakan ketika malam hari. Untuk mencegah kerusakan baterai, maka di butuhkan sebuah alat pengendali yang berfungsi untuk menghentikan proses pengisian ketika baterai sudah terisi penuh dan saat dan pada saat kondisi tertentu. Solar Charge Controller adalah alat yang di gunakan untuk mengontrol tegangan yang masuk ke dalam baterai. Alat ini bekerja dengan prinsip Pulse Width Modulation dimana pada kondisi tertentu (jika tegangan berada dalam kapasitas baterai) Charge Controller akan melewatkan tegangan dari sel surya melalui gerbang MOSFET untuk mengisi baterai dan akan menghentikan proses pengisian saat tegangan melebihi dan lebih rendah dari kapasitas baterai. Solar Charge Controller Pulse Width Modulation akan melewatkan tegangan dari Sel surya saat tegangan Sel surya berada diatas 12.00 Volt, dan akan menghentikan tegangan dari Sel surya saat tegangan berada di bawah 12.00 Volt. Setelah baterai penuh (tegangan baterai 12.92 Volt) tidak akan langsung digunakan, melainkan akan menunggu hingga kondisi malam dimana intensitas cahaya berkurang sehingga tegangan yang dihasilkan Sel surya pun kecil. Maka baterai akan secara otomatis akan menyalakan load (beban) hingga baterai hampir habis digunakan (tegangan baterai 12.10 Volt), baterai akan berhenti menyalakan load dan menunggu hingga pengisian dilakukan kembali saat tegangan sel surya lebih besar dari 12.00 Volt.
Keyword: Baterai, energi matahari, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), sel surya, Solar Charge Controller.