Judul: Faktor – Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Usaha Ternak Sapi Potong di Desa Mangkai Lama Kecamatan Lima Puluh Kabupaten Batubara Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Abstrak: Farming system is a process of combining the factor of production such as land, livestock, labour, and capital to produce farm products. The success of beef cattle business depends on three elements; seed, feed, and management. Management includes the management of mating, feeding, housing, and cattle health. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that affect the beef cattle business in the village of Mangkai Lama, Lima Puluh Sub District, Batubara District using multiple linear regression analysis. Income servers as the dependent variable. Other side the independent variable is internal factors of farmer such as the number of livestock, education, age of farmer, farming experience, and number of family dependent. The factors that affect the beef cattle business in the village of Mangkai Lama, Lima Puluh Sub-District, Batubara District is the number of beef cattle and education level. Age of farmer, farming experience, and number of family dependent other side have no effect in the beef cattle business in the village of Mangkai Lama, Lima Puluh Sub District, Batubara District.
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Judul: Prospek pengembangan usaha peternakan sapi potong di Kecamatan Surade Kabupaten Sukabumi
Abstrak: The objective of the research were 1) to identification internal and ekstemal factors which can influences beef cattle farming development in Surade Sub-District, 2) to formulate the strategy of beef cattle development in Surade Sub-District. Primary data obtained by direct interview with the beef cattle farmer, used questionaue as the tool. Secondary data obtained from relevant institutions sources that related with the topic of the research, the data analyzed descriptive quantitative method. The result of feseability study analysis showed Net Present Value (NPV) equal to Rp. 5,670,144,68, Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) equal to 1.52, Interest Rate Ratio (IRR) equal to 22% and Pay Back Period (PBP) equal to 4 year. The return cost ratio (RiC ratio) of beef cattle farm business analysis, showed that ratio as 1.70 value. It means that the beef cattle farm business were profitable with earning equal to Rp. 2,286,006,94. Base on data feseability study analyzed showed beef cattle development in Surade Sub-District were feseable. Result of analysis of SWOT in the form of strategy S-0 that is cooperation with financial institution to increase working capital, cooperation with government institution to introduce artificial insemination technology. Strategy of W-0 that is re-activated farmer group in marketing beef cattle product, more recruit farmer adviser to increase farmer knowledge in beef cattle farming. Strategy S-T that is to increase farmer knowledge in animal health, to increase animal productivity by applicated advance breeding technology. Strategy W-T that is to increase farmer personal skill in beef cattle farming, it can be implemented by coopemtion between farmer group and government intsitution.
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Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell