Judul: Deteksi dan Kloning Gen Inhibitor α-Glukosidase Streptomyces sp. BWA 65 serta Potensinya sebagai Anti Hiperglikemik pada Mencit (Mus musculus)
Abstrak: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by the presence of hyperglycemia due to defective insulin secretion, defective insulin action or both. One therapeutic approach for treating diabetes is to decrease the post-prandial hyperglycemia. This is done by preventing the absorption of glucose through the inhibition of the carbohydrate-hydrolysing enzymes α-glucosidase and α-amylase in the digestive tract. Actinomycetes have been known as source of commercialized acarbose, an α-glucosidase inhibitor. Acarbose is keto analog moieties of the C7N aminocyclitols. Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate is converted into 2-epi-5-epi-valiolone via the activity of sedoheptulose 7-phosphate cyclase, at the first step of the biosynthesis of C7N aminocyclitol. This research aimed to detect and clone sedoheptulose 7-phosphate cyclase gene and to investigate the capability of crude α-glucosidase extract from Streptomyces sp. BWA 65 in lowering blood glucose levels in mice. Detection of sedoheptulose 7-phosphate cyclase gene was done by using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with designed primers C7N aminocyclitol. The primer used was designed on the basis of the known sequence of sedoheptulose 7-phosphate cyclase (acbC) from that of Actinoplanes sp. SE50/100 which was then cloned by T-Vector pMD20. The in vivo experiment was conducted by using thirty mice, by the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and induction of streptozotocin diabetes methods. The result showed that there was similarity of nucleotide series sedoheptulose 7-phosphate cyclase of Streptomyces sp. BWA 65 wich have 100 % sequence similiarity with DNA fragment of sedoheptulose 7-phosphate cyclase Actinoplanes sp. complete acarbose (acb) gene cluster, strain SE50/110, accses number Y18523.4 reported in the GenBank analysis through Blast Program. The result indicated that the designed primer was able to amplify the sedoheptulose 7-phosphate cyclase acarbose although the accomplishment in amplifying the gene was still up to 300 bp. The result for in vivo experiment by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) showed that α-glucosidase extract from Streptomyces sp. BWA 65 had potency about 75 percent in decreasing blood glucose levels postprandial compare to acarbose and for induction of streptozotocin diabetes showed that α-glucosidase extract from Streptomyces sp. BWA 65 had an effect in decreasing blood glucose levels diabetic mice hyperglycemia better than the acarbose concentration examined. The in vivo experiment indicated that α-glucosidase inhibitor from Streptomyces sp. BWA 65 had potential as antidiabetic in mice.
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Judul: Produksi dan Karakterisasi Senyawa Inhibitor alfa-Glukosidase Streptomyces sp. BWA
Abstrak: Endophitic Streptomyces sp. BWA 65 from brotowali (Tinospora crispa) produces α-glucosidase inhibitor compound that acts as antidiabetic. This study aimed to produce and characterize α-glucosidase inhibitory compound of Streptomyces sp. BWA 65 and assay its biological function as antidiabetic based on α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Streptomyces sp. BWA 65 which was rejuvenated in Yeast Soluble Starch Agar (YSA) for 7 until 10 days, was then cultured in a liquid medium for 7 days, and produced in International Streptomyces Project-2 (ISP-2) for: 5, 10, 15, and 20 days. Then, supernatant was extracted with ethyl acetate and was assayed for α-glucosidase inhibition activity. The ethyl acetate extract of Streptomyces sp. BWA 65 was also assayed for its Inhibitor Concentration 50 (IC50) value. The characteristics of α-glucosidase inhibitor profile compounds which contained in the ethyl acetate extract was analyzed by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). The results showed that the highest α-glucosidase inhibitor activity was 98.50% when the Streptomyces sp. BWA 65 was grown on ISP-2 10 days production time. The IC50 of ethyl acetate extract of Streptomyces sp. BWA 65 was 0.047 μg ml-1. The results of GC-MS analysis were interpreted with OPCWTEST.M database showed that the ethyl acetate extract of Streptomyces sp. BWA 65 contained 7 peaks with 7 components obtained. The chemical components of ethyl acetate extract of Streptomyces sp. BWA 65, were: 9-octadecenoic acid, (E)-, oleic acid, dan 6-octadecenoic acid, (Z)-.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Streptomyces sp. BWA 65, GC-MS, IC50, α-glukosidase inhibitor

Judul: Distribusi suhu, salinitas dan oksigen terlarut di Laut Arafura Selatan pada bulan November 1992
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) mengetahui variabilitas sebaran suhu, salinitas dan oksigen terlarut secara mendatar dan menegak, (2) Mengidentifikasi massa air di Laut Arafura Selatan. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data Ekspedisi MINA ZEE-06 1992 pada bulan November 1992. Daerah yang diteliti adalah perairan Laut Arafura bagian selatan yang termasuk Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif Indonesia (ΖΕΕΙ). Suhu dan konduktivitas air laut diukur dengan menggu- nakan CTD Guildline 6000. Nilai suhu ditentukan dengan persamaan salinitas dan konduktivitas. Pengukuran dilakukan di 18 stasiun oseanografi dari permukaan hingga dekat dasar. Sampel air laut untuk menentukan kadar oksigen terlarut diambil dengan botol Niskin pada kedalaman "stan- dar". Kadar oksigen terlarut dianalisa dengan menggunakan metode Winkler. Data menunjukkan bahwa suhu lapisan permukaan berkisar antara 27.72 28.47 °C dengan rata-rata 28.10 °C, dan nilai yang lebih tinggi terdapat di bagian barat. Sebaran suhu secara mendatar memperlihatkan adanya kecenderungan suhu lebih tinggi di daerah barat.
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