Judul: Population and Habitat Javan Hawk-Eagle and Changeable Hawk-Eagle in SPTN 1 Kuningan Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai Jawa Barat.
Abstrak: Elang jawa dan elang brontok merupakan salah satu jenis burung yang berada di TNGC dan terancam keberadaannya akibat perdagangan liar serta kebakaran. Penelitan elang jawa dan elang brontok di TNGC sangat sedikit. Peneltiian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi habitat bagi elang jawa dan elang brontok pada TNGC SPTN 1 Kuningan. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi titik perjumpaan, jumlah individu beserta jenis kelamin, perilaku, komponen dari habitat, vegetasi penyusun habitat, serta potensi pakan yang di temukan di area pengamatan. Populasi elang jawa setelah diamati berjumlah 8 ekor dengan karakteristik umur jantan, betina dan ditemukan 1 juvenile. Sedangkan perjumpaan pada elang brontok ditemukan 1 individu. Habitat dari elang jawa dan elang brontok diklasifikasikan berdasarkan fungsi penggunaan elang jawa dan elang brontok. Pohon sarang elang jawa adalah pohon kedondong hutan. Penggunaan habitat sebagai fungsi istirahat teramati menggunakan berbagai jenis pohon namun memiliki kesamaan karakteristik. Area berburu bagi elang jawa dan elang brontok berada pada hutan alam dan semak belukar., JHE and CHE are one of the type of birds that lived in TNGC its existence is threatened by various threats such as forest fires and illegal bird trade. Not much research has been done in TNGC, especially on JHE and CHE. This study aims to identify habitat for JHE and CHE in SPTN 1 Kuningan. The data that has been collected are meeting point, numbers of individual and its gender, behavior, habitat components, vegetation that formed habitat, and the potential feed found in the observation area. The population of JHE after being observed amounted to 8 with adult age and one juvenile. Otherwise, the population is found 1 individual. Habitat of JHE and CHE are classified according by its function of use. The nest tree of JHE used Spondias pinnata in natural forest. Habitat use for resting use different kind of tree and has similarity characteristic. Hunting area for JHE and CHE is in natural forest and thickets
Keyword: feed, nest, population, rest

Judul: Distribution and Habitat Use of Javan Hawk-Eagle and Changeable Hawk Eagle at SPTN I Kuningan, Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai
Abstrak: Keberadaan elang jawa dan elang brontok di TNGC menghadapi berbagai macam ancaman seperti kerusakan habitat akibat kebakaran hutan dan perdagangan burung ilegal. Belum banyak penelitian dilakukan di TNGC terutama terkait elang jawa dan elang brontok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi sebaran dan penggunaan habitat elang jawa dan elang brontok di TNGC. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi titik perjumpaan, perilaku, komponen habitat yang digunakan, dan kondisi habitat yang meliputi komponen vegetasi dan komponen mangsa pakan. Pola sebaran elang jawa terkelompok pada tiap tipe habitat, sedangkan elang brontok hanya ditemukan di habitat hutan alam dengan pola sebara terkelompok. Faktor yang memengaruhi yaitu strategi hidup dan kelimpahan sumberdaya di lokasi pengamatan. Pohon sarang yang digunakan elang jawa yaitu pohon kedondong hutan yang termasuk pohon strata A, batang dan cabang yang kokoh, dan tajuk yang tidak terlalu rapat. Pohon istirahat yang digunakan elang jawa dan elang brontok berguna untuk menyimpan energi dan sebagai tempat untuk berjemur serta berteduh. Jenis mangsa potensial berasal dari mamalia dan burung. Jenis mangsa preferensi bagi elang jawa dan elang brontok yaitu tupai hitam dan lutung jawa., JHE and CHE in TNGC face various threats, such as habitat destruction due to forest fires and illegal bird trade. Not much research has been done in TNGC, especially regarding JHE and CHE. This study aims to identify the distribution and habitat use of JHE and CHE in TNGC. Data that being collected are meeting points, behavior, habitat components used, and habitat conditions which included vegetation components and feed prey components. The distribution pattern of JHE is clustered in each habitat type, while CHE is only found in natural forest habitats with a clustered distribution pattern. The influencing factors are the strategy of living and the abundance of resources at the observation site. The nest tree used by JHE is the Spondias pinnata which includes strata A trees, sturdy trunks and branches, and a canopy that is not too tight. The resting tree used by JHE and CHE is useful for storing energy and as a place for sunbathing and shelter. The types of potential prey come from mammals and birds. Preferred prey types for JHE and CHE are squirrels and langurs.
Keyword: distribution, nest tree, prey, rest tree

Judul: Pervaporasi Alkohol Menggunakan Membran Polistirena-SDS
Abstrak: Polystyrene (PS) membrane with SDS as porogen can be utilized as a filter in alcohol pervaporation process. The membrane was prepared using inversed phase method with PS:SDS:dichloromethane solvent composition were 17:0:83; 17:0.5:82.5; 17:1:82; 17:1.5:81.5; and 17:2:81. Homogenization of mixtures were carried out for 10 and 20 hours and casted on glass plate surface then submerged it into water with temperature of 60 °C. Pervaporation capability was evaluated from flux value and separation factor. The average of water flux values in 20 hours sonication were higher than the values in 10 hours sonication. The highest separation factor was observed in PS membrane with 0.5% SDS concentration and homogenization in 20 hours is 5.23. Application of PS membrane in pervaporation as showed by purities of alcohol value using gas chromatography method revealed that the purities increase from 91.6 to 93.4%. Therefore, certain SDS addition can increase the performance of PS membrane in alcohol purification.
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