Judul: Produksi daging anak jantan sapi holstein dengan menggunakan pengganti air susu
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : ( 1) Memanfaatkan anak jantan sapi Holstein untuk produksi daging berkualitas tinggi, ( 2) memanfaatkan sebagian bahan baku lokal dalam ransum untuk menekan harga pakan, (3) mencari bentuk penyajian yang paling baik dan mudah dalam penangannya dan ( 4) untuk mengetahui tumbuh-kembang komponen karkas dan non karkas. Sebagai hewan percobaan digunakan 15 ekor anak sapi jantan Holstein dengan bobot 35 - 40 kg dari PT. Kariana Gita Utama, Cicurug, Sukabumi. Bahan-bahan percobaan antara lain: Air susu Induk (ASI), susu skim, kedele sangrae, jagung giling, tapioka, tepung ikan, lemak sapi (tallow), lecithin, mineral dan vitamin. Bahan tersebut dibuat ransum 5 macam (A, B, c, D dan E). Ransum A adalah ASI sebagai kontrol positif (pembanding), sedangkan ransum B, C, D dan E merupakan campuran bahan baku tersebut selain ASI dengan komposisi yang sama. Bentuk penyajiannya berbeda, padat (D, E ) dan cair (B, C) yang pada masing-masing bentuk disuplementasi dengan analog hidroksi metionin (ARM) sebanyak 2 gram/hari pada ransum B dan D. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan perlakuan lima macam ransum dan masing-masing diulang tiga kali. Peubah yang diukur adalah : Pertambahan berat badan harian (PBBH), bobot dan persentase karkas, sifat-sifat fisik karkas, komposisi kimia tubuh kosong (urea space), plasma urea, plasma Fe dan Hb, produksi VFA, perkembangan reticule-rumen dan abomasum, komponen karkas dan non karkas (untuk mengetahui kecepatan pertumbuhan relatifnya). ...
Keyword: Milk

Judul: Hubungan Antara Konsumsi Mineral Makro (Ca, P, Mg Dan S) Bahan Kering, Energi (TDN), Dan Protein Kasar Dengan Pertumbuhan Anak sapi Perah jantan Keturuinan Friesian Holstein (FH)
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mempelajari hubungan konsumsi mineral makro (Ca, P, Mg, ig, dan S) bahan kering (BK), energi (TDN), dan protein kasar (PK) dengan bobot dan pertumbuhan anak sapi perah jantan. Hubungan ini didekati dengan persamaan berikut: b₁ bz M =a Bo. (T+1) Mrataan konsumsi (g/ekor/hari) untuk pengukuran konsumsi mineral, dan M = rataan konsumsi (kg/ekor/hari) untuk peng- ukuran konsumsi BK, TDN, dan PK. Nilai Bo bobot awal sapi percobaan (kg), dan T rataan pertumbuhan sapi per- cobaan (kg/ekor/hari). Dalam penelitian ini digunakan 32 ekor anak sapi perah jantan keturunan Friesian Holstein (FH) yang terdiri atas: 13 ekor sapi anak, umur 5 - 12 bulan, berbobot hidup 55 - 105 kg; dan 19 ekor sapi jantan muda, umur 1 2 tahun, - berbobot hidup 80 240 kg. - Rataan konsumsi harian sapi anak: 2.3 kg BK, 1.3 kg TDN, 0.35 kg PK, 31.7 g Ca, 14.1 g P, 7.0 g Mg, dan 4.4 g S, sedangkan pada sapi jantan muda: 5.2 kg BK, 3.35 kg TDN, 0.86 kg PK, 56.7 g Ca, 34.8 g P, 16.1 g Mg, dan 6.29 g S. Hubungan konsumsi zat makanan dengan bobot hidup dan pertumbuhan sapi percobaan sangat nyata (P0.01). Hubung- an tersebut digunakan untuk menduga kebutuhan zat makanan...
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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