Judul: FLOOD HAZARD ASSESSMENT USING FUZZY-AHP METHOD IN COASTAL AREAS OF PEKALONGAN CITY
Abstrak: Salah satu implikasi perubahan iklim adalah fenomena kenaikkan permukaan laut. Wilayah pesisir Kota Pekalongan terpapar banjir rob akibat genangan air laut yang masuk ke pesisir. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh interaksi faktor geofisika dan iklim yang dapat membentuk banjir. Upaya pendugaan tingkat bahaya banjir dapat dilakukan melalui pendekatan pengambilan keputusan multi-kriteria fuzzy-AHP dengan analisis sensitivitas variabel pembentuk bahaya banjir. Analisis penilaian bahaya banjir pada penelitian ini mempertimbangkan faktor geofisika dan iklim yang dianggap berpengaruh terhadap tingkat bahaya banjir di wilayah pesisir Kota Pekalongan. Hasil penentuan bobot variabel menggunakan fuzzy-AHP dan analisis sensitivitas paremeter tunggal menunjukkan bahwa penurunan muka tanah merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap banjir di wilayah pesisir Kota Pekalongan dengan bobot fuzzy-AHP 0.36 dan 0.43 setelah analisis sensitivitas. Distribusi tingkat bahaya banjir menggunakan metode fuzzy-AHP menduga wilayah dengan kategori sedang lebih banyak daripada lainnya. Sementara, distribusi tingkat banjir sangat bahaya diduga lebih luas berdasarkan bobot efektif hasil analisis sensitivitas. Hal tersebut terjadi karena bahaya banjir di wilayah pesisir Kota Pekalongan sensitif terhadap penurunan muka tanah dan variabel tinggi genangan rob. Penghilangan variabel penurunan muka tanah dapat membuat penilaian bahaya banjir di wilayah pesisir Kota Pekalongan di bawah nilai seharusnya.
Keyword: flood hazard, fuzzy-AHP, single parameter sensitivity analysis

Judul: Assessment of Potential Flood Hazards Based on the Multi-Criteria Flood Hazard Index (FHI) Model (Case Study: Lower Bengawan Solo Watershed)
Abstrak: DAS Bengawan Solo Hilir merupakan wilayah yang kerap dilanda bencana banjir sehingga perlu dilakukan pemetaan potensi daerah bahaya banjir sebagai langkah awal penanggulangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan potensi daerah bahaya banjir di DAS Bengawan Solo Hilir dan mengetahui faktor yang memengaruhinya. Pemetaan ini dilakukan menggunakan Flood Hazard Index (FHI) dengan bobot Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), bobot efektif untuk analisis sensitivitas (FHIS), dan bobot sama (FHIW). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa intensitas hujan memiliki bobot AHP tertinggi sebesar 3,14. FHI memiliki rentang nilai 21,56−81,34 didominasi kelas bahaya sedang (26,43%), FHIS memiliki rentang nilai 22,93−94,73 didominasi kelas bahaya sedang (33,96%), dan FHIW memiliki rentang nilai 22,88−82,94 didominasi kelas bahaya sedang (37,59%). Potensi bahaya banjir kelas tinggi dan sangat tinggi berada di sepanjang aliran Sungai Bengawan Solo dan sebagian besar tersebar di Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Hasil validasi menunjukkan FHIW memiliki persentase validitas tertinggi yang mengindikasikan adanya human error ketika menentukan bobot AHP. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa intensitas hujan merupakan faktor utama yang memengaruhi kejadian banjir di DAS Bengawan Solo Hilir dan pemetaan potensi bahaya banjir dapat direpresentasikan menggunakan metode FHI dengan proses pembobotan yang tepat., The Lower Bengawan Solo Watershed is prone to frequent flooding, necessitating the mapping of flood hazard areas as a crucial step in mitigation strategies. This study utilizes the Flood Hazard Index (FHI) with an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) weight approach, effective weight for sensitivity analysis (FHIS), and equal weights (FHIW) to map potential flood hazard areas and identify influencing factors. Rain intensity is the most significant factor, with an AHP weight of 3,14. The FHI results range from 21,56−81,34, predominantly in the moderate hazard class (26,43%). FHIS values range from 22,93−94,73, with a dominance in the moderate hazard class (33,96%), while FHIW ranges from 22,88−82,94, predominantly in the moderate danger class (37,59%). High and very high flood hazard potentials are concentrated along the Bengawan Solo River, particularly in Bojonegoro Regency. Validation indicates that FHIW has the highest validity percentage, suggesting human error in determining AHP weights. In conclusion, rain intensity stands out as the primary factor influencing flood events in the Lower Bengawan Solo Watershed, and the FHI method, coupled with an appropriate weighting process, effectively represents the mapping of potential flood hazards.
Keyword: analytical hierarchy process, flood hazard index, flood hazard potency, lower bengawan solo watershed

Judul: Biological Characteristics of Jatropha curcas Trimonoecious
Abstrak: Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) is an original plant from tropical America belonging to the family of Euphorbiaceae and an annual plant of monoecious. Commonly J.curcas have male and female flowers on the same plant. There are currently some J. curcas which have hermaphrodite flowers from monoecious plants, but very rarely. J. curcas with hermaphrodite flowers are classified as andromonoecious type (having hermaphrodite and male in the same plant) and trimonoecious type (having male, female, and hermaphrodite flowers in the plant). Trimonoecious plants with hermaphrodite flowers were tend to perform self-pollination (geitonogamy) and produce a homogenous and high-productivity in next generation. J. curcas plants is difficult in differentiating between monoecious and trimonoecious plants when it seedling, and this is a limiting factor to know development of trimonoecious J. curcas. Trimonoecious J.curcas can be identified after six months of planting, and when it have started flowering. Therefore, the trimonoecious J. curcas biological characteristics needs to be an observation. The trimonoecious trait in J. curcas plants can be identified through several analyses, i.e. the analysis of agronomical characteristics, the chromosomes analysis, the isozyme analysis, and the analysis of pollen viability. The study was conducted in December 2011 - February 2013. The experiments were conducted using the Randomized Complete Block Design for one factor, the J. curcas genotype with 5 replicates. Each unit of the experiment consisted of 5 plants. Aagronomics characteristic analyses were conducted using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% level. The classification of heritability and Genetic Variation Coefficient (GVC) criteria and relative Phenotypic Variation Coefficient (PVC). The analysis of genetic distance clustering was done using the Minitab 1.5 program clustering method. J. curcas stem trimonoecious characters is the primary branches angle, stem diameter, number of primary and secondary branches have a higher size than monoecious plants. Diameter and thickness fruit flesh origins from monoecious plants larger than fruit from plants trimonoecious. Characteristics of the trimonoecious plants in this study were almost the same with their mother plant. Number chromosomes number of J. curcas plant genotypes have 2n = 22 chromosomes The average length of the trimonoecious plant’s chromosome was longer than the average for monoecious plants. The length of chromosomes can differ among one family, even though the numbers of the chromosomes are similar. Isozymes peroxidase (Rf 0.83) and esterase (Rf 0.20) could be used as markers to differentiate between trimonoecious and monoecious plants. Male flower pollen viability of plant origin trimonoecious have a slower rate of decrease than male flowers monoecious plants. The dendrogram from the cluster analysis results could differentiate between trimonoecious and monoecious plants with a variation coefficient of 27.25.
Keyword: Esterase, peroxidase, pollen viability, trimonoecious