Judul: Tingkat Penerapan Pengendalian Hama  Terpadu oleh Petani (Kasus Petani Padi Sawah di  Desa Purwasari, Kecamatan Darmaga, Kabupaten Bogor,  Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: Perlindungan tanaman dengan menggunakan pestisida telah menimbulkan dampak negatif antara lain pencemaran lingkungan (tanah air, udara, tanaman dan lingkungan hidup lainnya). Pengendalian Hama Terpadu (PHT) merupakan suatu konsep dan program pemerintah dalam perlindungan tanaman dengan menggunakan empat prinsip manajemen, yaitu budidaya tanaman sehat, pengamatan mingguan, melestrarikan m u d alami dan penguasaan teknologi PHT oleh petani. Penelitian tentang Tingkat Penerapan Pengendalian Hama Terpadu oleh Petani bertujuan untuk mengkaji sejauhmana tingkat penerapan PHT oleh petani, faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan tingkat penerapan PHT dan mengkaji perbedaan tingkat penerapan PHT antara petani anggota kelompok tani dan petani non anggota kelompok tani.
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Judul: Survei Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Program Pemasyarakatan Pengendalian Hama Terpadu (PHT) Petani Padi di Kecamatan Dramaga, Bogor
Abstrak: Padi merupakan bahan makanan pokok sebagian besar rakyat Indonesia. Salah satu strategi pencapaian sasaran produksi untuk mewujudkan ketahanan pangan nasional diupayakan melalui pengurangan kehilangan hasil dengan pengendalian organisme pengganggu tanaman (OPT). Penggunaan pestisida dalam pengendalian OPT merupakan teknik pertanian konvensional yang menimbulkan berbagai dampak negatif baik terhadap lingkungan maupun kesehatan. Pengendalian hama terpadu (PHT) merupakan langkah alternatif berwawasan lingkungan untuk mengatasi OPT. Program PHT dikembangkan mulai tahun 1989 melalui sekolah lapang pengendalian hama terpadu (SLPHT) yang kini telah berjalan lebih dari 20 tahun. Perlu dilakukan survei dan evaluasi terhadap program tersebut untuk mengetahui tingkat keberhasilan program PHT yang dilakukan dengan metode wawancara menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur pada petani SLPHT dan nonSLPHT. Data sekunder sebagai data pendukung meliputi data keadaan umum lokasi dari kantor Kecamatan setempat dan data pelaksanaan program PHT yang diperoleh dari Dinas Pertanian Republik Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terjadi penyebaran program PHT dari petani SLPHT ke petani nonSLPHT, namun dalam skala kecil dan tidak berkelanjutan. Program PHT saat ini masih berjalan walaupun terkendala oleh keterbatasan sarana dan biaya operasional.
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Judul: The Construction of Greedy SVP LLL Algorithm
Abstrak: A lattice is a set of all integer linear combination of a set of linearly independent vectors in ℝ𝑛���. The independent vectors are called bases of lattice. Any lattice can be generated from many bases, and these bases have the same cardinality. In the lattice, the most fundamental and renowned problem is the Shortest Vector Problem (SVP). SVP is a tracking problem of the shortest nonzero vector in a lattice with equivalent bases. In two dimensions, SVP problem has resolved exactly by Gauss’ algorithm. When the lattice dimension is higher than two, A.K. Lenstra, H.W. Lenstra and L. Lovasz gave a LLL algorithm to compute approximation of nonzero shortest vector in the lattice. Reduced bases solution obtained from LLL algorithm still be an approximation and has polynomial running time of arbitrary dimension which large enough. In 1994, Schnoor and Euchner modified this LLL algorithm as a new variant which later was named deep insertion LLL algorithm. This algorithm is a modified version of the LLL algorithm to the terms of the exchange step to improve the accuracy of output of LLL reduced bases and applying it to the subset sum problem. The purpose of this research are: (1) Reconstruct the LLL algorithm and deep insertion LLL algorithm using a geometric approach. (2) Construct a greedy SVP LLL algorithm. (3) Implement the three algorithms in a symbolic programming language, and evaluate them experimentally. A bases ℬ=[𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑛���] in ℝ𝑚��� is called reduced LLL with parameter 𝛿��� if satisfies: (a) |𝜇���𝑗���𝑖���|≤12, for every integer 𝑖���,𝑗��� with 1≤𝑖���<𝑗���<𝑛���. (b)𝛿���‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���)‖2≤‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���+1)‖2, for 𝑗���=1,2,…,𝑛���−1,where 𝛿��� is a reduced parameter of real numbers with 14<𝛿���<1. The first requirement is the reduced basis 𝛿��� must “nearly orthogonal” and in its computation case, this requirement can be reached out by using the Gram-Schmidt’s orthogonalization. While the second requirement is called exchange step, or used to called as Lovasz condition. By using both of these requirements, then they establish the LLL algorithm. Then, Schnoor and Euchner modify the LLL algorithm based on the requirements of the exchange step called the deep insertion LLL algorithm, where the exchange step is based on the comparison of the projected vector in orthogonal complement [𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑘���−1]⊥ after j-th reduction. To construct greedy SVP LLL algorithm, the requirements of the exchange step is based on purely by comparing norm of lattice 𝐛���𝑗��� with norm lattice 𝐛���𝑖��� for 𝑖���=1,2,3…,𝑗���−1. The process of insertion reduced vector after the exchange step also has done greedily. Then, we calculate the number of arithmetic operation in greedy SVP LLL algorithm for further analysis. The result of our exprimentation for three algorithms on the certain matrix size shows that the running time of the three algorithms increases propotional to the size of the matrix. The result also shows that by using 𝛿���=34 for the LLL algorithm and the deep insertion LLL algorithm, and the greedy SVP LLL algorithm which is a new variant made by using no parameter of 𝛿���, outperform of the other of two previous algorithm in terms of speed with the same output.
Keyword: LLL algorithm, LLL deep insertion algorithm, greedy SVP LLL algorithm