Judul: Desain dan Uji Performansi Alat Pemotong Adonana Kerupuk
Abstrak: Kelupuk merupakan makanan yang digemari oleh sebagian besar penduduk Indonesia dan permiotaan akan kerupuk semakio meningkat sejalan peningkatan jumlah penduduk setiap waktunya. Permintaan yang tinggi ini mendorong industri kerupuk yang ada untuk melakukan peniogkatan produksi dengan cara, antara lain meminimalkan input, mengefisienkan proses produksi, dan meningkatkan jumlah, jenis dan mutu produk. Pembuatan kerupuk serta tradisional tidak memiliki ketentuan khusus, baik bentuIc maupun ukurannya, dan produktivitasnya pun masih kecil sehingga 'diperlukan pengembangan, perbaikan, dan modifikasi alat selta proses produksi yang digunakau dalam pembuatan kerupuk.
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Judul: Disain dan Uji Performans Alat Pengupas Biji Kemiri
Abstrak: Di Indonesia kemiri merupakan salah satu hasil pertanian yang penting, dan banyak digunakan sebagai bumbu mаsak karena mempunyai kadar lemak yang tinggi, serta meru- pakan komoditi ekspor. Oleh karena itu penampilan biji kemiri harus memenuhi standar mutu yang ditetapkan oleh negara-negara pembeli. Untuk menunjang hal itu perlu peralatan yang cukup memadai, salah satu faktor penting yang dibutuhkan adalah peralatan pengupas biji kemiri. Komponen utama dari prototipe alat pengupas biji kemiri yang didisain adalah 1) corong pemasukan, 2) pemutar biji, 3) landasan banting, 4) corong pengeluaran dan 5) kerangka penunjang. Pemutar biji berfungsi untuk memutar dan sekaligus untuk mengarahkan agar biji kemiri tertumbuk secara vertikal pada landasan banting. Sebelum mendisain alat, dilakukan percobaan laboratorium untuk mengukur energi yang dibutuhkan bagi pemecahan biji kemiri, ketebalan kulit luar, diameter dan berat biji kemiri. Dari hasil pengukuran dengan alat Universal Testing Machine (UTM) Autograph S-500 bahwa kebutuhan gayanya adalah 120 kgf untuk kedudukan vertikal.
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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