Judul: Literature Review on Poultry Transportation: Impact of Various Stress and Efforts to Prevent Them
Abstrak: Transportasi unggas di negara berkembang umumnya belum memperoleh perhatian khusus di masyarakat, sedangkan proses transportasi unggas sebelum pemotongan menjadi salah satu faktor penentu yang berpengaruh terhadap kualitas dan kuantitas hasil akhir ternak. Studi pustaka ini bertujuan mengkaji berbagai dampak cekaman selama proses transportasi unggas dan upaya pencegahannya. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka dengan teknik penulisan narative review. Cekaman selama proses transportasi unggas dapat disebabkan oleh manajemen yang kurang tepat oleh peternak baik sebelum, sesaat, dan sesudah tranportasi, mikroklimat lingkungan di luar zona nyaman unggas dan sarana prasarana yang tidak mendukung. Dampak yang dapat terjadi akibatnya adalah penurunan kualitas berupa memar, patah tulang, PSE, dan DFD serta kuantitas hasil akhir unggas berupa penyusutan bobot juga kematian. Dampak lain yang dapat terjadi yaitu meningkatnya kadar MDA pada jaringan tubuh unggas. Senyawa MDA merupakan salah satu biomarker terjadinya stres oksidatif pada sel. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk meminimalkan cekaman selama proses transportasi dapat melalui pendekatan secara genetika, manipulasi lingkungan, dan suplementasi., Poultry transportation in developing countries generally has not received special attention in the community, whereas the process of transportation of poultry before slaughter is one of the determining factors that affect the quality and quantity of the final livestock. This literature study aims to examine the various effects of stress during the poultry transportation process and efforts to prevent them. The method used is literature study with a narrative review writing technique. Stress during the poultry transportation process can be caused by improper management by farmers before, during and after transportation, the microclimate environment outside the poultry comfort zone and unsupportive infrastructure. The impact that can occur as a result is a decrease in quality in the form of bruises, fractures, PSE and DFD as well as the quantity of the final product of poultry in the form of weight loss and mortality. Another impact that can occur is the increase in MDA levels in poultry body tissue. MDA compound is one of the biomarkers of oxidative stress in cells. Efforts that can be made to minimize stress during the transportation process can be through genetic approaches, environmental manipulation, and supplementation.
Keyword: Malondialdehyde, Oxidative Stress, Poultry Transportation, Reactive Oxygen Species

Judul: The Impacts of Transport at Different Time Against Antemortem Condition, Weight Loss and Mortality of Broiler Chickens
Abstrak: Transportasi merupakan suatu aspek yang perlu untuk dilakukan, diperhatikan dan tidak dapat dihindari dalam mendistribusikan ternak untuk memenuhi kebutuhan suplai pasar. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh waktu transportasi yang berbeda terhadap kondisi antemortem, susut bobot dan mortalitas ayam broiler. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan 3 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan sehingga terdapat 9 unit percobaan setiap unit percobaan menggunakan sampel sebanyak 5 ekor ayam broiler. Perlakuan 1 pagi hari (08.00 WIB) dengan waktu tempuh selama 125 menit, perlakuan 2 siang hari (12.00 WIB) dengan waktu tempuh selama 133 menit dan perlakuan 3 sore hari (16.00 WIB) dengan waktu tempuh selama 141 menit. Berdasarkan hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa waktu transportasi memberikan pengaruh yang sangat nyata (P<0.01) terhadap jumlah luka parut,susut bobot dan persentase susut bobot, namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap luas luka parut (cm2), jumlah memar pada dada, luas memar pada dada (cm2), jumlah memar pada sayap, luas memar pada sayap (cm2), dan persentase mortalitas. Transportasi pada pagi hari baik untuk dilakukan karena memiliki nilai persentase susut bobot dan mortalitas yang paling rendah dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya., Transportation is an aspect that needs to be done, considered and cannot be avoided in distributing livestock to meet market supply needs. This study aimed to analyze the effect of different transport times on antemortem conditions, weight loss and mortality of broiler chickens. This study used a completely randomized design (RAL), with 3 treatments and 3 replications so that there are 9 experimental units each experimental unit uses a sample of 5 broiler chickens. Treatment 1 in the morning (08.00 WIB) with a travel time of 125 minutes, treatment 2 in the afternoon (12.00 WIB) with a travel time of 133 minutes and treatment 3 in the afternoon (16.00 WIB) with a travel time of 141 minutes. Based on the results of the analysis of variance, it showed that transportation time had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on the number of scars, weight loss and percentage of weight loss. but did not affect the area of the scar (cm2), the number of bruises on the chest, the area of bruises on the chest (cm2), the number of bruises on the wings, the area of bruises on the wings (cm2), and the percentage of mortality. Transportation in the morning is good to do because it has the lowest percentage value of weight loss and mortality compared to other treatments.
Keyword: antemortem, broiler, transportation

Judul: Penggunaan Teorema Homeomorphy 2-Manifold dan Teorema Euler Poincare pada Torus 𝑇�� dan Simplicial Complex 𝐾��
Abstrak: Two dimensional topological spaces are said to be homeomorphic if they have the same topological invariant, where one of topological invariant used is an Euler characteristic. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem and Euler Poincare’s Theorem are used to distinguish two topological spaces. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem uses Euler characteristic to identify two dimensional topological spaces. Euler Poincare’s Theorem is an alternative way to find Euler characteristic with Betti number, which is topological invariant as well. The objective of this paper is to investigate the homeomorphism of torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾�����. Topological space torus and simplicial complex 𝐾����� have the same Euler characteristic, which is two. Based on Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem topological space torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾����� is homeomorphic.
Keyword: simplicial, torus, Euler, homeomorphism, topology