Judul: Analisis Hubungan Modal Sosial dengan Kesejahteraan Anggota Kelompok Pedagang di Kawasan Wisata Pantai Widuri (Kasus: Kelompok Pedagang Pantai Sirkuit Widuri Pemalang)
Abstrak: Pandemi Covid-19 berdampak pada sektor ekonomi, salah satunya penurunan pendapatan pedagang karena perubahan pada pola kegiatan nafkahnya yang dibatasi. Penelitian ini akan mengkaji terkait dampak pandemi Covid-19 terhadap kesejahteraan pedagang. Kesejahteraan tersebut dapat diwujudkan melalui dibentuknya suatu kelompok pedagang, bagaimana suatu kelompok dapat beradaptasi pada saat bencana yang ternyata didukung beberapa faktor salah satunya adalah modal sosial. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan modal sosial dengan kesejahteraan anggota Kelompok Pedagang Pantai Sirkuit Widuri. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei dengan pendekatan kuantitatif yang didukung data kualitatif. Responden dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 55 orang yang merupakan anggota Kelompok Pedagang Pantai Sirkuit Widuri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang cukup kuat antara modal sosial dengan kesejahteraan, terutama karena didasari oleh unsur modal sosial yang dominan yaitu kepercayaan.
Keyword: merchant group, social capital, welfare, widuri beach

Judul: Hubungan peran modal sosial dan pemberdayaan nelayan
Abstrak: Modal sosial merupakan suatu alternatif yang sangat krusial dalam mewujudkan pembangunan yang berbasis maasyarakat. Dinas perikanan dan Kelautan (DKP) kabupaten Pandeglang telah melaksanakan program pemberdayaan melalui Pembinaan Usaha Mina Pedesaan (PUMP). Program tersebut diimplementasikan kepada nelayan skala kecil yang tergabung ke dalam Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUB). Tujuan penelitian adalah : (1) menganalisis bentuk modal sosial dan peranan modal sosial; (2) menganalisis tingkat keberdayaan nelayan penerima program; (3) menganalisis tingkat taraf hidup nelayan penerima program; (4) menganalisis hubungan tingkat peranan modal sosial dengan tingkat keberdayaan nelayan; serta (5) menganalisis hubungan tingkat keberdayaan dengan taraf hidup nelayan penerima program. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif menggunakan kuesioner serta wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tingkat peranan modal sosial pada kategori tinggi sebesar 44%, tingkat keberdayaan nelayan penerima program berada pada kategori tinggi yaitu sebesar 40%, serta tingkat taraf hidup nelayan penerima program berada pada kategori rendah yaitu sebesar 48%. Kemudian hasil uji korelasi Rank Spearman menyatakan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara variabel tingkat peranan modal sosial dengan tingkat keberdayaan nelayan. Sedangkan terdapat hubungan untuk variabel tingkat keberdayaan nelayan dengan tingkat taraf hidup nelayan Penerima PUMP.
Keyword: community empowerment fishermen, social capital, standard of living

Judul: Extracellular Expression of thermostable Geobacillus stearothermophilus T1.2RQ Lipase for Biodiesel Production
Abstrak: The extracellular expression of enzymes in an excellent secretion host such as Bacillus subtilis is a useful strategy for making enzymes of industrial significance more affordable by lowering the cost of its downstream processing. Lipases are a category of hydrolases that catalyze the hydrolysis of triglycerides to glycerol and free fatty acids. Also, lipases catalyze the hydrolysis and transesterification of other esters as well as the synthesis of esters. They can perform very specific biotransformation reactions and are widely used in food, organic synthesis, detergents, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Geobacillus stearothermophilus T1.2RQ lipase is an industrially-desired thermostable lipolytic enzyme with an excellent hydrolytic and transesterification activity. This study aimed to express T1.2RQ lipase, in B. subtilis WB800 and ensure its secretion into the extracellular medium. Three signal peptides (AmyQ, Epr, LipA) and two promoters (Pgrac01 and Pgrac100) were used in the secretory-expression of T1.2RQ lipase, based on five constructed expression vectors constructed by restriction cloning and PCR mutagenesis. Sangers sequencing was used to verify constructs to ensure they are in the correct reading frame. Recombinants vectors, pHT43 (plasmid control), pHT43-T1.2RQ, pHT43- T1.2RQ_AmyQ, pHT43-T1.2RQ_Epr, and pHT43-T1.2RQ_LipA, were transformed by electroporation into Bacillus subtilis WB800. The electroporation was successful with the optimum condition of 2500V, 200 ohms, 25µF, and 5milliseconds. Recombinant B. subtilis pHT43 (negative control) and pHT43-T1.2RQlip + signal peptides were streaked on the lipidic agar, LA+TBN. All four recombinants, including the negative control (B. subtilis WB800-pHT43), produced clear zones on the TBN agar plate after overnight incubation (fig 2), indicating the presence of a lipolytic enzyme in all of the recombinant B. subtilis cells. pHT43-T1.2RQlip + signal peptides (AmyQ, Epr, and LipA) have clear zones with significantly higher diameters than B. subtilis WB800-pHT43 (negative control). This phenomenon suggests that the recombinant thermostable lipase T1.2RQ introduced into these cells was successfully expressed, thereby increasing the lipolytic capability of its host cells T1.2RQ lipase was expressed in 50ml terrific broth medium (TB) and the expression induced with 1mM IPTG. Lipase activity assay using p-nitrophenyl esters showed that all three signal peptides directed the secretion of T1.2RQ lipase into the extracellular medium. Signal peptide, LipA, resulted in the highest extracellular activity of 5.6 U/mL, which corresponds to a 6-fold increase over the parent B. subtilis WB800 strain. Meanwhile, signal peptides, AmyQ and Epr produced 4.2 U/mL and 3.4 U/mL activity respectively. SDS-Zymogram analysis confirmed that T1.2RQ lipase was correctly processed and secreted in its original size of 44 kDa. An attempt to further increase lipase expression level by promoter optimization showed that, contrary to expectation, promoter Pgrac100 exhibited similar expression levels as the original Pgrac01. Nevertheless, the demonstration of the successful secretion of T1.2RQ lipase in this work confirms the latter as a promising approach for the industrial production of the enzyme
Keyword: Bacillus subtilis, Expression, Extracellular, Heterologous, Lipase, Thermostable