Judul: Karakteristik Habitat dan Populasi Tarsius (Tarsius fuscus Fischer 1804) di Resort Balocci Taman Nasional Bantimurung Bulusaraung Sulawesi Selatan
Abstrak: Tarsier (Tarsius fuscus Fischer 1804) is one of endemic primates of South Sulawesi, which has been protected by Government Regulation No. 7 of 1999. This species is categorized as vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List and on Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). The objective of this study were (1) to identify habitat characteristics including physical condition, composition and structure of vegetation and food (insects) availability, (2) to examine the distribution and population of tarsier. This study was conducted in Resort Balocci, Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park from May to July 2011. The data collected consisting composition and structure of vegetations, the number and diversity of insects, distribution and population size of tarsier. Characteristic of vegetations data was collected using a single swath method. Collection of insects as potential food of tarsier was taken by light trap method and identified in Laboratory of Insect Taxonomy, Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University. Population size was determined using concentration count method around the nesting trees of tarsier. The observations were started at 05.00-07.00 and 16.30-18.00. This study showed that tarsier inhabited secondary forest, plantations and vegetation near the settlement (yard). Nesting trees of tarsier could be observed in the crevices of the rocks, in the cracks of ficus trees (Ficus spp.), sugar palm tree (Arenga pinnata) and bamboos (Bambusa spp.). In addition to the nesting trees, there are Macaranga hispida and Artocarpus altilis. The secondary forest has more insects than plantations and vegetation near the settlement. A total of 112, 89 and 80 individuals of insects recorded in the secondary forest, vegetation near the settlement and plantation respectively. A total of 13 groups consisting of 44 individuals of tarsiers recorded in the study area. There were 31 individuals in secondary forest, 9 individuals in plantation and 4 individuals in vegetation near the settlement. Population densities of tarsier were 151 individuals/km2 in the secondary forest, 36 individuals/km2 in the plantation and 23 individuals/km2 in the vegetation near the settlement.
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Judul: Population and Distribution of Tarsier ( Cephalopachus bancanus borneanus Elliot 1910) at Resort Pondok Ambung, Tanjung Puting National Park
Abstrak: Tarsius kalimantan (Cephalopachus bancanus borneanus) merupakan salah satu subspesies dari Cephalopachus yang hanya tersebar di Pulau Kalimantan. Satwa tersebut termasuk kategori vulnerable menurut IUCN redlist. Perlindungan terhadap C.b. borneanus telah ditetapkan pada Permen LHK No. P.106 Tahun 2018 sebagai jenis satwa yang dilindungi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis populasi dan distribusi tarsius kalimantan di Resort Pondok Ambung, Taman Nasional Tanjung Puting. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode eksplorasi dan consentration count sebanyak sepuluh kali serta penandaan titik pada setiap perjumpaannya. Data perjumpaan satwa dianalisis menggunakan software ArcGis 10.8 dan software MaxEnt v3.3.4k untuk membuat model distribusi spasial tarsius kalimantan. Populasi terbanyak tarsius kalimantan yang didapatkan sebanyak 6 individu, kepadatan 0,097 individu/ha atau 9,7 individu/km² dengan nisbah kelamin 1 - 0,66. Akurasi kinerja model prediksi menggunakan MaxEnt menunjukkan angka 0.876 yang artinya baik. Peta prediksi pada pemodelan MaxEnt menunjukkan bahwa lokasi penelitian merupakan area penting untuk pelestarian tarsius kalimantan. Variabel lingkungan yang paling berpengaruh adalah ketinggian dan NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index). Pohon yang dimanfaatkan sebagai habitat tarsius di area penelitian adalah puspa (Schima walichii). Kategori strata tertinggi habitat tarsius kalimantan di Resort Pondok Ambung umumnya berada pada stratum C., The Kalimantan tarsier (Cephalopachus bancanus borneanus) is one of the subspecies of Cephalopachus which is only found on the island of Borneo. This animal is categorized as vulnerable according to the IUCN redlist. Protection against C.b. borneanus has been stipulated in Permen LHK No. P.106 of 2018 as a protected animal species. This study aims to analyze the population and distribution of the Kalimantan tarsiers at Pondok Ambung Resort, Tanjung Puting National Park. The research was carried out using the method of exploration and concentration, counting ten times as well as marking points at each encounter. To create a spatial distribution model for the Kalimantan tarsiers, data from animal encounters was analyzed using ArcGis 10.8 software and MaxEnt v3.3.4k software. The largest population of Kalimantan tarsiers obtained was 6 individuals, with a density of 0.097 individuals/ha or 9.7 individuals/km2 with sex ratio of 1: 0.66. The performance accuracy of the prediction model using MaxEnt shows a number of 0.876, which means it is good. The prediction map of MaxEnt's modeling shows that the research location is an important area for the preservation of the Kalimantan tarsiers. The most influential environmental variables are altitude and NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index). The tree used as a habitat for tarsiers in the research area is puspa (Schima walichii). The highest strata category of the Kalimantan tarsier habitat at Pondok Ambung Resort is generally in stratum C.
Keyword: Kalimantan tarsier, Maximum entropy, Pondok Ambung Resort, Population

Judul: Resonance technique HHO generator for internal combustion engine
Abstrak: Application of HHO gas as fuel had been generaly used. Though there was still controversy regarding its efficiency and efectiveness . In this research, hydrogen that hopefully could become an alternative renewable energy was produced by the electrolysis process. HHO was the mixture of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas that was formed in HHO dry generator. In HHO cell (dry) generator contained 10 cells, and each cell required 2.4 voltage. Furthermore, resonance DC application was evaluated to gain the better electrolysis efficiency. The test was held by using 2 level of electrolyte consentration, 0.178 M KOH and 0.446 M KOH. Each concentration was tested by 3 size of inductors, 8uH, 40uH, and 100uH. Not only single frequency was used, but modulatedfrequency was used also as well. In order to measure the improvement of resonance techinique application, specific energy was compared between using resonance technique and conventionaltechnique.Specific energy was calculated between output (mass of hydrogen) and input energy (watt hour). In this test,input of specific energy was measured in two condition:energy from the source (total) and energy in HHO generator only. From the test, it could be concluded that modulated frequency, by using40 Hz and 2405 Hz frequency, 100uH inductor, and 0.446 M OH, only 61% of total specific energy that was used in HHO generator. It needed23.91 watt hour energy (total) to produce 1 gram of hydrogen gas.On the other hand, the worst performance was happened in single frequency, 11270Hz, 8uH of inductor, and 0.178 KOH, where the loss of specific energy was 82%. The conventional technique only loosed about 0.5% of specific energy in 0.178 KOH needed 51.37watt hour to provide one gram of hydrogen. The loss was happened due to the excess of current that was converted into head in MOSFET. Hopefully the further research will be held again by using wet type of HHO generator because dry generator did not have fixed capacity value and it maked difficulty for calculating the perfect resonance condition.
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