Judul: Pengaruh fraksi nonprotein kacang komak lahlab purpureus (L.) Sweet) terhadap kadar glukosa darah, profil lipid, dan peroksidasi lipid tikus diabetes
Abstrak: Konsumsi serat dari kacang-kacangan diketahui dapat meningkatkan toleransi kadar glukosa darah serta memberikan pengaruh yang positif pada kolesterolemia dan trigliseridemia postprandial (Guillon dan Champ, 2002). Diketahui pula bahwa fraksi nonprotein kacang komak dapat menurunkan kadar total kolesterol dan LDL serum pada tikus percobaan yang diberi ransum tinggi kolesterol (Nugroho, 2007). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek antihiperglikemik dan antihiperlidemik fraksi nonprotein kacang komak (Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet) denan parameter yang diukur meliputi: kadar glukosa darah, profil lipid (kadar total kolesterol feses tikus diabetes induksi, HDL, LDL, trigliserida, dan indeks atherogenik), peroksidasi lipid, dan kolesterol feses tikus diabetes induksi aloksan.
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Judul: Pengaruh Fraksi Protein Dan Non Protein Kacang Komak (Lablab purpureus (L.) sweet) Terhadap Profil Dan Peroksidasi Lipid Tikus Percobaan Yang Diberi Ransum Tinggi Kolesterol
Abstrak: Kacang-kacangan seperti kacang kedelai mengandung komponen-komponen seperti protein, karbohidrat kompleks, oligosakarida, fitokimia, mineral, dan serat pangan yang diketahui bermanfaat bagi kesehatan tubuh. Berdasarkan penelitian (Khodijah, 2003) dan Suwarno (2003) kacang komak telah terbukti memiliki karakter fraksi protein dan sifat fungsional yang hampir sama dengan kacang kedelai. Menurut Yulia (2007), kacang komak memiliki kandungan senyawa yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yaitu fenol, senyawa fitokimia, dan asam fitat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh konsumsi kacang komak (Lablab purpureus (L.) sweet) terhadap kadar kolesterol total, trigliserida, HDL, LDL, dan malonaldehida pada serum darah dan organ tikus percobaan setelah mengkonsumsi kacang komak. (Lablab purpureus (L.) sweet). Sebanyak 20 ekor tikus strain Wistar dibagi ke dalam 4 kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok I adalah kelompok kontrol positif yaitu ransum standar ditambahkan kolesterol 1 %. Kelompok II adalah kelompok kontrol negatif yaitu ransum standar tanpa penambahan kolesterol. Kelompok III adalah perlakuan fraksi protein kacang komak yaitu dengan mengganti kasein dengan fraksi protein kacang komak. Kelompok IV adalah perlakuan fraksi non protein kacang komak dengan mengganti sumber pati corn starch dengan fraksi non protein kacang komak. Perlakuan dilaksanakan selama 75 hari. Pengamatan yang dilakukan selama perlakuan yaitu jumlah konsumsi ransum, pertumbuhan berat badan, dan rasio konsumsi ransum dan berat badan. Pada akhir perlakuan, tikus dibedah dan diambil serum darah serta organ tubuhnya. Dilakukan analisis profil lipid dan malonaldehida pada serum dan organ tikus percobaan. Konsumsi ransum kelompok kontrol positif, kontrol negatif, protein kacang komak, non protein kacang komak berturut-tunrt 7.3, 11.3, 4.7, dan 7.6 g/hari. Konsumsi ransum tertinggi terdapat pada kelompok kontrol negatif. Penumbuhan berat badan kelompok kontrol positif, kontrol negatif, dan non protein kacang komak berturut-turut 23, 139, dan 9 % sedangkan kelompok protein kacang komak mengalami penurunan berat badan sebesar 39 %. Rasio antara rata-rata konsumsi ransum/berat badan kelompok kontrol positif, kontrol negatif, protein kacang komak, non protein kacang komak berturut-turut 0.05, 0.06, 0.05 dan 0.05. Secara umum berat organ hati, ginjal, paru-paru, limpa dan jantung serta aorta kelompok kontrol negatif paling tinggi, diikuti kelompok kontrol negatif, non protein kacang komak, dan berat organ terendah pada kelompok protein kacang komak. Rasio berat organ hati, ginjal, paru-paru, limpa, dan jantung serta aorta dengan berat badan kelompok protein kacang komak paling tinggi, diikuti kelompok kontrol positif, non protein kacang komak, dan rasio terendah pada kelompok kontrol negatif.
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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