Judul: Pengaruh tingkat protein dalam ransum berenergi metabolis 2650 kkal per kilogram dan strain ayam petelur tipe medium pada produksi fase II terhadap bobot telur pada perbandingan sistem cage
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Bagian Unggas, Ilmu Produksi Ternak, Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, dari tanggal 3 Maret 1981 sampai 27 Juli 1982. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat protein ransum berenergi metabolis 2650 kkal per kilogram dan strain terhadap bobot telur. Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan percobaan Fakto- rial 2 x 2 dengan dasar Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Sebagai materi penelitian digunakan 75 ekor petelur Hisex Brown dari perusahaan pembibitan FT Sinta Poultry, Slipi, Jakar- ta dan 83 ekor petelur Super Harco dari PT Charoen Pokp-hand, Tangerang sejak umur satu hari. Ayam petelur dari masing-masing strain, dibagi secara acak menjadi 8 lot yang tiap lot terdiri dari 11 "individual cage", berukuran 22 x 45 x 46 cm. Ransum yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari dua macam ransum, masing-masing dengan tingkat protein 16% dan 18% dengan tingkat energi 2650 kkal per kilogram. Tiap ransum diberikan kepada 4 lot ayam petelur. ....
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Judul: Pengaruh tingkat protein pada ransum yang mengandung energi metaboilis 2450 KKAL per kilogram dan strain terhadap produksi telur ayam petelur tipe medium pada phase ke II dengan pengandangan sistim cage
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Bagian Unggas, Departement Ilmu Produksi Ternak, Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor dari tanggal 20 Juli 1981 sampai dengan tanggal 2 November 1981. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan tingkat protein yang optimum dalam ransum yang mengandung energi metabolis 2450 kilokalori per kilogram terhadap produksi telur ayam tipe medium pada phase ke II. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial 2 X 2. Sebagai sampel digunakan 88 ekor ayam petelur strain Hisex Brown dan 88 ekor ayam petelur strain Super Harco. Ransum percobaan yang digunakan berturut-turut mengandung 16 dan 18% protein dengan energi metabolis 2450 kilokalori per kilogram. Dari hasil analisa statistik dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa kadar protein dalam ransum tidak nyata pengaruhnya terhadap produksi telur, konsumsi ransum, konversi makanan, berat telur dan mortalitas.
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Judul: Systematics of Desmos (Annonaceae) in Malesia
Abstrak: Desmos is a woody climbing genus of Annonaceae which has been widely used as traditional medicine in several countries such as China, Indo-China, Thailand, and Peninsular Malaysia to treat dysentery, vertigo, fever, and postpartum. Phylogenetic studies on Desmos showed a close relationship between Desmos and Dasymaschalon. They share similar moniliform monocarpic fruits, but their flowers are different. It has been debated among Annonaceae researchers whether both genera should be treated as the same or distinct genus. Therefore, investigation on the taxonomic delimitation of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon will be necessary. Plastid genome (plastome) identification, leaf epidermal section of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon species, a taxonomic revision of Desmos in Malesia using morphological data, the spatial distribution of Desmos species in Malesia, and morphological and genetic variation in Desmos chinensis population using ISSR marker were used to investigate taxonomic delimitation of Desmos. Plastome study of Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was carried out to determine the origin, evolution, phylogenomics, and identify marker candidates for Desmos and Dasymaschalon or with other genera in Annonaceae. We discovered that the plastome of Desmos chinensis was circular with the size of 167,677 bp (smaller than Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum), consist of 111 genes, including 78 protein-coding genes, 29 transfer RNAs, and 4 ribosomal RNAs. The plastome showed a typical quadripartite structure, i.e., large single copy (LSC), small single copy (SSC), and two inverted repeats (IRs). The plastome of Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was 191,488 bp in length, which also exhibited a typical quadripartite structure (LSC, SSC, and two IRs). Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum showed different copies of accD, ndhD, ndhF, rps18, and ycf2. Protein coding genes of rpoB, rpoC1, rbcL, matK, rpl32, infA, and rpl36 were identified based on nucleotide diversity, sequence variability, and parsimony-informative sites. The genes are defined as molecular marker candidates of plastome for phylogenetic, barcoding, and population genetic research. We predicted that Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum separated at ca. 64 million years ago during the Paleocene. Leaf anatomical feature study was carried to support the taxonomic delimitation of interspecific Desmos and intergeneric of Desmos and Dasymaschalon. Leaf anatomy in the paradermal section of 20 taxa (12 species of Desmos, eight species of Dasymaschalon) have been carried out. According to the leaf epidermal section, Desmos and Dasymaschalon are two distinct genera mainly distinguished based on the anticlinal wall undulation of epidermal cells and supported by variation of the crystal type and size. The anticlinal wall undulation of Desmos was almost straight to slightly wavy and never sinuous; meanwhile, Dasymaschalon varies from almost straight to deeply sinusoid. The crystals of Desmos consist of rhombohedral, druse type A, and druse type B crystals, whereas Dasymaschalon has prism, druse type A, druse type B, and druse type C crystals. The recent taxonomic revision using the morphological data was mainly based on the examination of about 1374 specimens from BO, L, WAN, ANDA, SING, SAN, K, P, HUH herbaria. The Desmos species in Malesia consists of eight species: D. acutus, D. chinensis, D. chryseus, D. dunalii, D. pedunculosus, D. subbiglandulosus, two new records: D. lawii and D. macrocarpus, and one
Keyword: Dasymaschalon, Desmoid clade, Magnoliid, plastid genome, phylogenomics analysis