Judul: Persepsi, Preferensi, dan Willingness To Pay Masyarakat Terhadap Lingkungan Pemukiman Sekitar Kawasan Industri (Kasus Kawasan Industri di Kelurahan Utama, Cimahi, Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: The industrial development at Kelurahan Utama created new job fields. But in the other hand, industrial development might cause disruption on environment quality. The derivation of environment quality will cause the people that reside around industrial area have perception and preference of its own from the presence of this area. This research also work trough estimated expense that the people willing to pay to increase the environment quality using Contingen Valuation Method. Therefore from those description, the purpose of this research are: (1) to analyze factors related to people’s perception concerning the environment quality at Kelurahan Utama; (2) to analyze factors related to people’s preference concerning habitation/residence around industrial area at Kelurahan utama; (3) to examine the Willingness to Pay people at Kelurahan utama so that their environment increased; (4) to arrange alternate policy so that the environment around industrial area at Kelurahan Utama increased. This research started since May to Agust 2009. The data that has been used are primary data and secondary data. The primary data conducted with giving questioner to the head family around industrial area at Kelurahan utama. With sample method Purposive Sampling to 100 people using Slovin Formula. The secondary data conducted from relevant sources. To knowing factors that related with people’s preference of recidency, perception of environment and willingness to pay using analysis Chi-Square and Rank Spearman, whereas to predict WTP value using analysis double linier regression. All the analysis are supported by processor data program SPSS version 16.0 for windows with 15 percent real degree. From Chi-Square test, acquired result as follow: (1) factors that related to respondent perception of environment around the industrial area are the distance between the residence to the industrial area, crowded condition, noisy condition, and air quality; (2) factors that related with respondent preference to residence are expenses, residence status, distance of the residence to industrial area, water facility, crowded condition, noisy condition, cleanness of residence, distance of the residence to the market, distance of the residence to public transport, and criminal level; (3) factors that related to respondent’s willingness to pay are income, distance between the residence to the industrial area, water facility, noisy condition, air quality, crowded condition, criminal level, respondent preference of residency, and respondent perception of environment around industrial area. Estimated flat value WTP respondent are Rp.9400,00/HF/month, and total value people’s WTP are Rp.65.771.800,00/month. Factor that affected to WTP respondent are education, income, expenses, distance to industrial area, noisy condition, crowded condition, distance of residency to work place, and perception of environment around industrial area. Alternative policies to cope with air pollution are regulation, quota, taxes, and tariff of pollution along with property right. Whereas to cope with noise by getting house planting or extending divider wall between the residency and industrial area. And what is more noisy problem and the damage of public road could be overcome by special road for industry. This is supported by people’s WTP about environment. Keywords: industrial area, sustainable environment, willingness to pay
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Judul: Estimasi Biaya Eksternal dan Willingness to Accept Masyarakat Akibat Pencemaran di Sekitar Kawasan Pabrik Gula Cepiring, Kendal
Abstrak: The activities of economy, such as production and consumption may reduce the level of environmental quality. An industrial activity is one of the economic activities that has effects not only in economic and social aspect but also influences the physical change of environmental quality. A variety of measures and procedures can be used to improve or maintain environmental quality. Therefore, the study of the estimation of both external cost and people’s willingness to accept (WTA) compensation, the effects toward environment caused by industrial activities is needed for doing further arrangements about environmental charges or taxes to achieve sustainable development. The objective of this study is to identify the society who living in the industry area, to estimate both the external cost and WTA value caused by industrial activities, and to identify the factors that influence WTA value. This paper presents a survey which explores the descriptive analysis, valuation of environmental economics, and application of contingent valuation method (CVM). The observations and interviews were conducted to society who live in sugar industry area, Cepiring-Kendal taken by purposive sampling method. The result shows that the external cost of each household per month is 64.721 IDR, the external cost of society of RW 04 Cepiring is 229.845.336 IDR, while in agricultural sector is 314.720.000 IDR per year. Compared to the external cost of each household, the average of mean values of household’s WTA per month is higher, which is 440.132 IDR. There are five factors that influence WTA value significantly such as education level, houses from industry area, quality of noise, economic losses caused by water pollution, and zero-effort to replace the environmental quality.
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Judul: Karakteristik Anatomi Skelet Kepala Buaya senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii).
Abstrak: Buaya sepit atau senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii) merupakan jenis buaya asli Indonesia yang berhabitat di sungai-sungai Sumatera, Kalimantan, dan juga pedalaman Sulawesi. Salah satu ciri khas buaya senyulong adalah bentuk moncong yang runcing dan sempit, namun hingga saat ini informasi mengenai struktur skelet kepala buaya senyulong sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik anatomi skelet kepala buaya senyulong yang dikatikan dengan fungsi dan perilakunya. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksploratif dengan melakukan pengamatan, pencatatan, dan pengambilan gambar dari skelet kepala buaya senyulong. Skelet kepala berukuran panjang 70 cm, lebar 29 cm, dan tingggi 17 cm dengan permukaan kasar pada os nasale, os frontale, os maxilla, os mandibula, os lacrimale, os jugale. Jumlah gigi pada buaya ini sebanyak 78 buah, terdiri dari 4 buah gigi premaxila, 16 buah gigi maxila, dan 19 buah gigi mandibula. Pada regio orbitalis ditemukan dua pasang fenestrae temporales yang berkembang baik. Fenestra supratemporale merupakan lubang oval yang membentang di sepanjang os parietale. Fenestra infratemporale berbentuk segitiga dan dibatasi oleh os squamosum, os postorbitale, os jugulare, dan os quadratum. Os mandibula hewan ini mempunyai symphysis mandibularis yang panjang yaitu garis yang melintang di corpus mandibulae. Secara fungsional ukuran symphysis mandibularis berkaitan dengan adaptasi hewan terhadap diet makan.
Keyword: kepala, moncong, Tomistoma schlegelii