Judul: Eksplorasi masalah logaritma diskret pada finite field GF (5m):
Abstrak: Misal ? adalah grup siklik hingga berorder ?, ? adalah generator dari ?, dan ? ??G Logaritma diskret dari ? dengan basis ? dinotasikan ????? adalah integer positif unik ?, ?? ?? ?? ?, sedemikian sehingga ?? ? ?. Bagaimana menentukan nilai ? disebut masalah logaritma diskret pada grup siklik hingga ? (Menezes et al. 1997). Mudah untuk menghitung nilai ? jika dipilih ? yang relatif kecil, akan tetapi akan menjadi tak layak hitung jika dipilih ? yang relatif besar. Algoritme untuk menentukan solusi masalah logaritma diskret adalah algoritme Exhaustive search, algoritme Baby-step Giant-step, algoritme Pollardrho, algoritme Pohlig-Hellman, dan algoritme Index-calculus. Algoritmealgoritma tersebut telah digunakan pada grup siklik ??? dengan ? bilangan prima (Menezes et al. 1997). Eksplorasi algoritme-algoritme tersebut dilakukan sehingga dapat digunakan untuk menentukan solusi masalah logaritma diskret pada ????? ??. Hasil eksplorasi yang diperoleh adalah algoritme Negative Exhaustive search (pelacakan lengkap negatif), algoritme Baby-step Giant-step 2, algoritme Baby-step Giant-step 3 algoritme Baby-step Giant-step 4, algoritme Pohlig Hellman untuk ? genap atau ? ganjil, dan algoritme Pollard rho untuk grup berorder komposit.
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Judul: The Exploration of Discrete Logarithm over Finite Field GF(3m)
Abstrak: The security of many public~key algorithms is based on the problem of finding discrete logarithms. The generalized discrete logarithm problem is the following: given a finite cyclic group G of order n, a generator a of G, and an element fl E G, find the integer x, 0 ~ x ~ n - 1, such that 0: = fl. Algorithm for discrete logarithm problem focused on Menezes et al. (1997) that consist of exhaustive search algorithm, the baby-step giant-step algorithm, Pollard's rho algorithm, Pohlig-Hellman algorithm, and index-calculus algorithm. These algorithms are explorated to be used in discrete logarithm problem over finite field GF(3m ). The exploration also produces some algorithms, i.e. naif negative algorithm, baby-step mother-step algorithm, baby-step mother free-step algorithm, and baby-step free-step algorithm. All algorithms implemented using Maple 11. The Pohlig-Hellman and baby-step giant-step algorithms are efficient enough to be used in discrete logarithm problem over finite field GF(3m ) for m < 20.
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Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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