Judul: The alumni empowerment of adolescent construct alumni social house (psbr) " mardi utomo" blitar through productive effort group going to social and economic autonomy ( an alternative community development at bacem village, ponggok subdistrict, blitar regency, province east java province).
Abstrak: The alumni of PSBR are the people who have followed the social and the skill tuitions and have returned to their family and society where alumni reside in. In that way, they have formed its community in different experience, identity, problems and requirement. The aims of this study are to explain the problems and social and economic autonomy condition of the alumni. Then, it can be compiled a program and a planning of empowerment of alumni based on active participation of alumni and others at Bacem Village. Up to now, the empowerment program addressed to alumni is still oriented to importance "bureaucracy" by playing an approach " Top Down". Alumni and society was less entangled in the empowerment of program process. Thus, the social and economic autonomy condition expected by alumni and outsider had not optimally existed yet. To know the problems, the alumni of social economic outonomy condition and the compilation of the empowerment program, I used interview method to alumni and people who know the alumni problems, FGD method entangling alumni and stakeholder, observation and documentation. Alumni staying at Bacem Village have different skills, such as Sewing, Embroider, Making housewares and automotive (4 wheels). The different skill affect to the obtained problems by each alumni. However, the FGD method indicated that alumni problems are a bit communication and cooperation among alumni, low skill capacity, not having good network, Limited financial, and less motivation in increasing skill, less supporting from society and outsider. The social economic autonomy condition of the alumni is still not optimal yet. It appears from the evaluation between researcher and stakeholder, based on two aspect of current alumni activity and conducted effort. Results demonstrated that alumni having productive activity were to be 11 people (52 %) and the alumni having productive activity were to be 10 people (48 %). For the skill types it showed 75 % of automotive alumni, and 67 %, 50 %, and 75 % for sewing, embroider and making housewares, respectively. Based on the evaluation, it can be concluded that social edonomic autonomy condition of the alumni was taking place in mid level. Consequenly. It still needs a strong empowerment to be able to reach the better level. Based on the problems as mentoned above, the important empowerment program that is done to social economic of alumni being optimal, is by forming alumni working group, establishment and assistance group of its institution, advanced skill training, assistance in making net-effort and partnership, comparative study to the success businessman and the alumni of PSBR in the other locations, giving the supporting finance and instrumentation, training and business extension, alternative skill training, carrying out extension and workshop. The empowerment program is arranged and will be performed together with identified stakeholder.
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Judul: The Strategic and Programs of Empowerment Poor People through Kelompok Usaha Bersama in Bogor District
Abstrak: The objective of the research is to formulate strategic development of empowering the poor people through Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUBE) relevant by needs, characteristic of poor people, and reducing of poverty policy in Bogor District. The first to do is investigate the characteristic of poor people, second, to analyze the policy of government in reducing poverty and the implementation itself, and third, to evaluate the process of empowering poor people with Bantuan Langsung Pemberdayaan Sosial (BLPS) for strengthening the capital of KUBE. The data were collected through observation and interview to the respondents that know about the policy under study. The data were analyzed by using descriptive analysis, content analysis, and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). This study has identified three alternatives of policy through AHP, namely: improving the rule and management program, empowering the poor people based community, increasing performance of KUBE, with 9 aspects that consider and 19 strategic steps. The weight and importance of each by expert`s judgment, with the goal of identifying and determining the superior criteria for developing policy of empowering poor people through in KUBE at Bogor District. The results showed that alternatives such as: increasing intensity of companion, non-formal education, and selection of targets having the highest degrees of importance 0.106, 0.091, and 0.076, respectively, and cooperative with the lowest degree of importance of 0.010.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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