Judul: Kajian Pengolahan Beras Pratanak (Parboiling Rice) dan Simulasi Suhu Pengukusan Menggunakan Metode Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
Abstrak: Beras pratanak adalah beras yang dihasilkan dari proses pratanak yakni dengan perendaman dan pengukusan gabah sebelum digiling. Proses ini menyebabkan beras pratanak mempunyai indeks glikemiks rendah, selain itu juga untuk menghindari kehilangan dan kerusakan beras, baik nilai gizi maupun rendemen yang dihasilkan. Tujuan penelitian adalah (1) mempelajari pengaruh lama perendaman terhadap mutu gabah pratanak varietas IR 64, (2)mempelajari pengaruh lama perendaman terhadap mutu beras pratanak varietas IR 64, (3) mengetahui pola sebaran suhu pada proses pengukusan beras pratanak dengan metode CFD. Gabah direndam dengan air panas pada suhu + 60°C pada tiga waktu berbeda, yaitu 4, 6 dan 8 jam, kemudian dikukus pada suhu 90°C selama 20 menit. Respon yang diamati adalah karakteristik termofisik gabah seperti bulk density, porositas, dan panas jenis untuk digunakan pada simulasi CFD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gabah pratanak pada perlakuan perendaman 4 jam mempunyai mutu fisik terbaik dan termasuk dalam mutu I menurut SNI 01-0224-1987. Sedangkan mutu fisik beras pratanak terbaik juga dihasilkan pada perlakuan perendaman 4 jam termasuk pada mutu V berdasarkan SNI 01-6128: 2008. Sebaran suhu pada perlakuan perendaman 4 jam sudah mencapai dan sesuai dengan yang diharapkan yaitu 90°C. Suhu gabah pada saat pengukusan selama 20 menit menunjukkan suhu bagian tengah dan bagian bawah lebih tinggi dibandingkan suhu bagian atas, hal ini disebabkan oleh sebaran suhu steam pada tangki pengukusan belum menyebar secara merata. Terdapat perbedaan antara sebaran suhu hasil simulasi dengan sebaran suhu hasil pengukuran dengan koefisien determinan R²= 0.943. Dengan demikian, CFD dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi sebaran suhu pengukus beras pratanak dengan akurasi yang baik.
Keyword: Paddy, Parboiling Rice, Grain Quality, Ricce Quality, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

Judul: Kajian Teknologi Proses Pengolahan Beras Pratanak (Parboiling Rice) pada Gabah Varietas Situ Bagendit
Abstrak: The processing of parboiling rice is the process of provision of water and steam heat of grain before the dried and milled grain. The purpose of proceedings parboiling rice is to avoid the loss of nutrient and damage of rice. Several factors can affect the quality of the parboiling rice is the process of grain, old varieties, long soaking, temperature and long steaming, and drying. The purpose of this research is (1) examine the uniformity of grain temperature distribution during the steaming process. (2) examine the influence of long steaming for physical quality of parboiled rice. (3) examine the influence of the nutritional value of old rice steaming process of parboiling rice, and (4) determine the Standard Operational Procedur (SOP) parboiling rice processing process. Processing begins with the cleaning of grain ripening and then soaking the grain in water-60 oC 5 for 4 hours. Once soaked, grain steamed with a temperature of 80 °C for 20 minutes and 30 minutes. Grain and then dried to moisture content 14%. Grains which have been dried and then milled and conducted observation of parboiled rice quality. The treatment of steaming duration has no significantly to the yield milling but significant effect for milling of parboiled rice milling quality. Proximate test results show no effect against old steaming ash content, fat, protein and carbohydrates from parboiled rice. Organoleptik-test that is performed on rice cooking process before it shows that the results of the study process parboiling rice is acceptable to the panelists .Treatment process of parboiling rice on this research led to an increase in yield, ash content, fat, protein, and carbohydrates. The quality of milled parboiling rice based on the standard process of SNI is the quality of the process before the Process V. Parboiling rice processing suggested is by soaking grains at a temperature of 60 °C 5 for 4 hours followed by the steaming at temperature of 80 °C for 20 minutes.
Keyword: 

Judul: Distribution and Diversity of Ectoparasite Mites on Geckos in Indonesia
Abstrak: Data on the diversity and dispersal of parasitic mites on house geckos in Indonesia are very scarce. In this work, the distribution and diversity of mites living on three species of house geckos, namely Cosymbotus platyurus, Hemidactylus frenatus, and H. garnotii collected throughout Indonesia, has been elaborated. Geckos and mites were captured and immediately preserved in 70% ethanol. Whole mount of the mites was prepared by clearing in lactophenol followed by mounting on polyvinyl lactophenol solutions. The SEM preparation was conducted to examine the detail morphological characters of the mites. The results showed that among 448 individuals of geckos, 221 geckos were infected by Geckobia mites. Prevalences of C. platyurus, H. frenatus, and H. garnotii infested by mites were 14.8%, 50.69%, and 79.6%, respectively. Three different spesies of Geckobia (G1, G2, and G3) could be differentiated; and based on similarities of their morphological characters to ones described in published literatures, Geckobia G2 is Geckobia glebosum and Geckobia G3 is Geckobia bataviensis while G1 could not be identified to the species level. The highest mean intensity of Geckobia G1 infestation was found on H. garnotii (I=7.0), G. glebosum infestation on H. frenatus (I=3.5), and G. bataviensis infestation on H. garnotii (I=11.8). In general, C. platyurus was infested by the least number of mites. Geckobia G1 were found living on the skin folds on the claws, G. glebosum were found mainly on the body and thigh, and G. bataviensis were found on almost all parts of the host’s body. Geckobia mites are distributed randomly throughout Indonesian Archipelago, following the pattern of distribution of their hosts. So it is concluded that Geckobia G1, G. glebosum, and G. bataviensis are sympatric.
Keyword: