Judul: Perbandingan persepsi masyarakat terhadap hutan rakyat berbasis karet dan kebun kelapa sawit
Abstrak: Palm oil as one of Indonesian main export commodities shows rising trend and presumed affecting the societies of various regions in using land. Oil palm plantation furthermore became the main competitor for traditional farming systems, such as rubber community forest in Sumatera. Sipaho administratively located in Padang Lawas Utara District, which is an agricultural area of rubber production centers in North Sumatra. Rubber plantations in this region owned by community and developed extensively, mostly in agroforestry system. This research aims to analyse and compare Sipaho society perception to rubber community forest and oil palm plantation, and identify its influencing factors. Moreover, it also assessed the contributions of both plantation types to household income. Data were obtained through literature studies and interviews with 62 respondents that represent rubber farmers, rubber and palm oil farmers, and non farmers. Intake of respondents used purposive sampling method. Study result shows that respondents have medium perception on medium to socioeconomic, ecology, and socioculture aspects of rubber community forest as well as oil palm. Perception to rubber community forest were influenced by schooling period, land ownership, and income, while the perception to oil palm plantation correlated with age. Regarding to economic aspect rubber community forest and oil palm plantation contributed 47% and 43% on household income from agricultural sector.
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Judul: Financial Feasibility Analysis of Rubber and Oil Palm Farming in Dolok Masihul District, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatera Province
Abstrak: Upaya Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai dalam meningkatkan luas lahan kelapa sawit memiliki persaingan dengan komoditas karet. Tanaman karet merupakan tanaman yang diusahakan secara turun temurun. Petani tidak memiliki catatan history tentang usahatani karet dan kelapa sawit sehingga tidak diketahui secara pasti manakah usahatani yang lebih layak untuk dijalankan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Mengidentifikasi aspek-aspek kelayakan dan mengestimasi kelayakan finansial usahatani karet dan kelapa sawit di Kecamatan Dolok Masihul (2) Menganalisis switching value dan sensitivitas perubahan harga jual output dan harga beli input pada usahatani karet dan kelapa sawit di Kecamatan Dolok Masihul dan (3) Menganalisis persepsi petani terhadap usahatani karet dan kelapa sawit di Kecamatan Dolok Masihul. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif, analisis kelayakan finansial, analisis switching value, analisis sensitivitas dan analisis likert. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan usahatani karet dan kelapa sawit layak untuk dijalankan. Berdasarkan kriteria investasi menunjukkan usahatani kelapa sawit lebih menguntungkan dibandingkan dengan usahatani karet. Analisis switching value dan sensitivitas menunjukkan bahwa adanya perubahan harga output dan input mempengaruhi pendapatan petani karet dan kelapa sawit. Alasan yang mempengaruhi petani untuk tetap berusahatani karet antara lain usahatani karet adalah usahatani yang dilakukan secara turun temurun, pendapatan usahatani karet masih dapat memenuhi kebutuhan hidup sehari-hari, dan petani nyaman dalam berusahatani karet., The efforts of Serdang Bedagai Regency in increasing the area of oil palm land have competition with rubber commodities. Rubber plant is a plant that is cultivated from generation to generation. Farmers do not have historical records of rubber and oil palm farming so it is not known for sure which farming is more feasible to run. This study aims to (1) Identify the feasibility aspects and estimate the financial feasibility of rubber and oil palm farming in Dolok Masihul District (2) Analyze the switching value and the sensitivity of changes in the selling prices of output and the purchase price of inputs on rubber and oil palm farming in Dolok Masihul District and (3) Analyze farmers’ perceptions of rubber and oil palm farming in Dolok Masihul District. The methods in this research are descriptive analysis, financial feasibility analysis, switching value analysis, sensitivity analysis and likert analysis. The result showed that rubber and oil palm farming was feasible 94 to run. Based on the investment criteria, it shows that oil palm farming is more profitable than rubber farming. Switching value analysis and sensitivity analysis shows that changes in output and input prices affect the income of rubber and oil palm farmers. The reasons that influence farmers to continue farming rubber are: rubber farming has been carried out from generation to generation, rubber farming income can still meet the needs of daily life, and farmers are comfortable in rubber farming.
Keyword: welfare, conversion, cultivation, production, profit

Judul: Pengujian Virus Newcastle Disease Gen VII Isolat Lapang Sebagai Virus Standar Pada Uji Tantang Vaksin
Abstrak: This study was conducted to determine the standard of Newcastle disease virus Gene VII field isolate as a virus challenge to vaccine test. A virus suspension that has previously been tested by HA test then titrated with EID50 using 30 Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) of 10 day old chicken embryonated eggs. In addition, chicken lethal dose50 (CLD50) test were used to determine the virus titer that could cause 50% death of the chicken population. The CLD50 test was used 25 day-old-chickens (DOC) divided into 5 groups. The virus was diluted from 10-1 to 10-8. The 104 to 10-8 dilution of NDV was infected to every group of chicken via eyedrop and intranasal with 0.1 ml/chicken dosage. Haemagglutination test showed that the allantoic fluid were contain high titers of NDV is 512 HAU. The infective NDV that had been titrated by EID50 test showed the virus titers is 109 EID50/0.1 ml or 1010 EID50/ml and the virus titers of CLD50 test e.i 106.48 CLD50/0.1 ml or 107.48 CLD50/ml. These results can be concluded that the NDV Gene VII field isolates were most appropriate to be used as a standard virus to vaccine test
Keyword: Newcastle Disease Virus Gene VII, HA tes, EID50 test, CLD50 test