Judul: Sectio Caesarea Operation Technique and Placenta Collection in Pig (Sus scrofa domestica)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari teknik operasi sectio caesarea yang tepat dalam rangka koleksi plasenta untuk koleksi sel punca epitalia amnion. Babi dengan usia kebuntingan ± 100 hari dan berat badan 230 kg dipuasakan selama 8 - 12 jam. Babi dianestesi dengan anestesi kombinasi Ketamin dan Xylazin kemudian dibaringkan dengan posisi lateral recumbency. Pendekatan bedah dilakukan melalui fossa paralumbar sebelah kanan, operator membuat sayatan kulit secara vertikal sepanjang 20 cm. Insisi dilanjutkan melalui kulit, jaringan adiposa subkutan, otot perut, jaringan adiposa subperitoneal, dan peritoneum. Rongga perut dieksplorasi untuk menemukan uterus. Proses koleksi plasenta dilakukan dengan membilas plasenta menggunakan larutan NaCl fisiologis, kemudian plasenta diletakkan pada media transport. Lokasi insisi pada fossa paralumbar ini dipilih dengan pertimbangan bifurkasi uterus dapat dicapai dan sayatan pada bagian tersebut dapat dilakukan, Jaringan selaput plasenta yang sudah dipisahkan dan dibilas menggunakan NaCl fisiologis dimasukkan kedalam media transport berisikan media kultur dubecco’s modified eagle medium (DMEM), antibiotic-antimycotic 3%, dan fetal bovine serum (FBS) 10%. pertimbangan pemilihan lokasi insisi, kombinasi anestesi, hingga teknik pengeluaran fetus serta pemilihan media transport yang tepat untuk koleksi selaput plasenta menentukan keberhasilan.
Keyword: anestesi, insisi, plasenta, sectio caesarea, sus scrofa domestica

Judul: The Ultrasound Imaging of Bladder,  Kidney, and Liver in Piglets (Sus scrofa domestica)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran USG hati, ginjal dan kandung kemih pada anak babi (Sus scrofa domestica), sehingga data tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai acuan untuk pemeriksaan posisi, ekogenisitas, dan ukuran. Ultrasonografi dilakukan pada enam ekor anak babi jantan berumur 1 bulan 1 hari. Pemeriksaan klinis dilakukan untuk memastikan anak babi dalam keadaan sehat. USG hati dan kandung kemih diamati pada posisi dorsal recumbency, sedangkan ginjal diamati pada posisi lateral-recumbency. Ultrasonografi dilakukan menggunakan Chison EBit 60, transduser linier dengan frekuensi 9 MHz pada posisi sagital dan gain 50 - 80. Ekogenisitas hati cenderung hiperekoik, ginjal hiperekoik, dan kandung kemih hipoekoik karena penggunaan gain yang tidak tepat. Pencitraan kandung kemih menunjukkan perubahan ukuran dinding dan ekogenisitas. Panjang rata-rata ginjal kanan 4,73±0,50 cm dan ginjal kiri 4,08±0,26 cm. Ketebalan dinding kandung kemih adalah 1,3 ± 0,31 mm. Pengukuran panjang ginjal dan ketebalan dinding kandung kemih yang diperoleh menunjukkan hasil yang hampir seragam sehingga pada penelitian ini diketahui posisi, ekogenisitas, dan ukuran organ normal, This study aims to determine ultrasound imaging of the liver, kidneys and bladder in piglets (Sus scrofa domestica), therefore the data can be used as reference for examination position, echogenicity, and size of the organs. Ultrasound was performed on six male piglets aged 1 month and 1 day. Clinical examination was conducted to ensure that the piglets are in good health. Ultrasound of the liver and bladder was observed in dorsal-recumbency position, while the kidneys were observed in lateral-recumbency positions. Ultrasound was performed using Chison EBit 60, linear transducer with 9 MHz frequency at the sagittal position and gain 50 - 80. The echogenicity of the liver tends to be hyperechoic, the kidneys are hyperechoic, and the bladder is hypoechoic due to improper use of gain. Bladder imaging showed changes in wall size and echogenicity. The average length of the right kidney was 4.73±0.50 cm and the left kidney was 4.08±0.26 cm. The bladder wall thickness is 1.3±0.31 mm. Measurements of kidney length and bladder wall thickness obtained showed almost uniform results so that in this study the data on the position, ecogenicity, and size of normal organs were known.
Keyword: ginjal, hati, Sus scrofa domestica, ultrasonografi, vesika urinaria, bladder, kidney, liver, Sus scrofa domestica, ultrasonography

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite