Judul: Aplikasi Logika Fuzzy pada Sistem Kendali Suhu untuk Transportasi Ikan dan Udang Hidup Sistem Kering
Abstrak: Udang merupakan salah satu komoditi non migas yang menjadi andalan negara. Potensi Indonesia akan udang tiap tahun mengalami peningkatan, sampai tahun 1997 produksi udang tambak adalah 109 270 ton (Widodo, et al., 1998). Udang mempunyai nilai jual yang sangat tinggi, terlebih apabila masih dalam keadaan hidup. Disamping itu permintaan akan ikan air tawar dalam keadaan hidup juga meningkat. Saat ini cara transportasi yang dilakukan dalam perdagangannya antara lain dengan menggunakan air tawar dan air laut/tambak. Cara ini dianggap kurang efisien karena diperlukan banyak air tawar dan air laut kemudian juga harus tetap menjaga suhunya. Cara yang lain adalah dengan memingsankan ikan maupun udang terlebih. dahulu dan kemudian menjaga agar suhu saat transportasi dapat stabil pada suhu pingsannya.
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Judul: Pengaturan Suhu dengan Logika Fuzzy untuk Transportasi Udang Windu (Penaeus Monodon Fab.) Hidup Sistem Kering
Abstrak: Distribusi komoditas perikanan dalam keadaan hidup memerlukan penanganan dan sistem transportasi yang baik. Penggunaan serbuk gergaji sebagai media hidup merupakan salah satu metode transportasi sistem kering yang dapat diterapkan pad a udang windu tambak (Penaeus monodon Fab.). Sistem transportasi ini bertujuan mempertahankan suhu pengangkutan sehingga udang tetap pada kondisi imatil dengan tingkat mortalitas serendah mungkin. Kondisi ini dapat dicapai dengan mengontrol suhu pengangkutan terusmenerus. Pengaturan suhu yang dilakukan adalah secara semi otomatis yang lebih bersifat on-off dan pengaturan suhu secara otomatis dengan logika fuzzy.
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Judul: Study of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Ceramics and HA-Chitosan Composite Implanted into Sheep’s Bone
Abstrak: Biphasic Calcium Phosphate (BCP) biomaterials are recognized as biodegradable, bioresorbable, and osteoconductive material and, therefore, it is suitable for filling bone defects to aid regeneration process of new bone tissue. This study aimed to synthesize BCP ceramics by precipitation method and observe bone growth using BCP ceramics and HA-Chitosan composite implanted into sheep’s bone. BCP ceramics was prepared by precipitation of Na2HPO4.2H2O which was dropped by CaCl2.2H2O at temperature 700C with various molar ratios and various volume of solution. Molar ratio of Ca and P was variated approximately 0.2M:0.2M and 0.334M:0.2M while various volume of solution was 50 ml and 100 ml. BCP ceramics was formed which was indicated by mass of precipitate and the result showed that sample with greater molarity of Ca was resulting in bigger mass precipitate. It showed that higher molarity of Ca/P tends to be more mass precipitate. The X-Ray Diffraction results showed that BCP 100 ml with molar ratio Ca/P about 0.334M:0.2M had the expected characteristics of implant material for in vivo experiment into sheep’s bone. Moreover, it showed the consistency of sample which indicates that it was a reproducible biomaterial. This result was also supported by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) characterization. In vivo study of BCP ceramics and HA-Chitosan composite showed that bone recovery without bone graft (control) was more complete than that with BCP and HA-Chitosan bone grafts. Based on pathological evaluation, the results indicated that BCP ceramics was biodegradable and bioresorbable but less osteoconductive. In the contrary, HA-chitosan composite was not biodegradable and bioresorbable but more osteoconductive. Moreover, BCP bone graft was more readily resorbed by the body than HAChitosan. Resorption of HA-Chitosan bone graft was very slow but new tissue growth was faster than that of BCP bone graft. In contrary, resorption of BCP bone graft was very fast but new tissue growth was very slow.
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