Judul: Penggunaan Tepung Kedelai pada Pakan Benih Lele (Clarias sp.) terhadap Tingkat Kelangsungan Hidup dan Agresivitas
Abstrak: Upaya peningkatan produksi ikan lele memerlukan ketersediaan benih berkualitas dalam jumlah besar. Tingginya kanibalisme yang umumnya terjadi pada stadia pembenihan dapat berpengaruh terhadap keberhasilan proses pembenihan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan dosis optimum pengunaan tepung kedelai yang ditambahkan pada pakan benih ikan lele sebagai upaya mengurangi tingkat kanibalisme pada stadia pembenihan dan mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian tepung kedelai terhadap tingkat kelangsungan hidup dan agresivitas. Rancangan penelitian ini berupa rancangan acak lengkap terdiri atas empat perlakuan dengan tiga ulangan. Dosis tepung kedelai yang digunakan adalah 0; 10; 30; dan 50 g kedelai kg-1 bobot ikan hari-1. Benih ikan yang digunakan memiliki ukuran panjang 3,00±0,05 cm dan bobot 0,25±0,03 g. Pemeliharaan dilakukan secara intensif dengan padat tebar 3 L-1, pemeliharaan dilakukan dengan penggantian air setiap hari setelah pemberian pakan. Lama pemeliharaan dilakukan selama 40 hari, pemberian pakan pada ikan dilakukan secara restricted sebanyak 5% dari biomassa ikan dengan frekuensi pemberian pakan 2 kali sehari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata (P<0,05) terhadap beberapa parameter yaitu tingkat kelangsungan hidup dengan hasil terbaik pada perlakuan (A) (89,81±0,92%), koefisien keragaman panjang dengan hasil terbaik pada perlakuan (A) (10,35±0,84%) dan bobot tubuh dengan hasil terbaik pada perlakuan (B) (27,03±2,91%), tingkat agresivitas serangan kepala dengan hasil terbaik pada perlakuan (K) (40,33±1,15) maupun ekor dengan hasil terbaik pada perlakuan (C) (36,33±1,52). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, pemberian tepung kedelai dengan dosis 10 g kedelai kg-1 bobot ikan hari-1 (A) dapat meningkatkan tingkat kelangsungan hidup dan mengurangi agresivitas pada ekor, serta dapat mengurangi jumlah ikan luka, dan menurunkan koefisien keragaman.
Keyword: agresivitas, kanibalisme, ikan lele, kedelai, luka

Judul: Efektivitas dan  Efisiensi Penggunaan Tepung Kedelai dalam Pengendalian Kanibalisme Benih  Ikan Lele (Clarias sp.) pada Skala Lapang
Abstrak: Ikan lele (Clarias sp.) merupakan ikan primadona perairan tawar yang setiap tahun mengalamani peningkatan baik produksi dan permintaan konsumen. Tetapi, terdapat kendala yaitu tingginya kematian akibat kanibalisme. Untuk mengatasi dilakukan pendekatan terapi hormon menggunakan tepung kedelai dalam mengendalikan kanibalisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dosis tepung kedelai yang efektif dan efisien dalam pengendalian kanibalisme benih ikan lele pada skala lapang. Terdapat empat perlakuan dengan satu kali ulangan dalam penelitian ini, mencakup penambahan tepung kedelai dalam pakan dengan dosis berbeda yaitu 50 g kg-1, 100 g kg-1, dan 150 g kg-1 pakan serta perlakuan kontrol tanpa penambahan tepung kedelai. Benih ikan lele yang digunakan memiliki panjang rata-rata 5,43 ± 0,29 cm/ekor dengan bobot 1,69 ± 0,28 g/ekor. Ikan lele dipelihara dalam kolam beton dengan kepadatan 1000 ekor/kolam dengan ukuran 2 x 1 x 0,5 m selama 30 hari masa pemeliharaan, pemberian pakan dilakukan secara restricted sebanyak 5% dari biomassa ikan dengan frekuensi pemberian pakan 3 kali sehari. Hasil penelitian menyatakan penambahan tepung kedelai 50 – 150 g kg-1 pakan dapat menurunkan tingkat kanibalisme benih ikan lele pada ukuran rata-rata 5,43 ± 0.28 cm/ekor. Dosis terbaik penambahan tepung kedelai adalah 100 g kg-1 pakan dengan tingkat kelangsungan hidup 72,5% dan keuntungan Rp. 133.300/725 ekor., Catfish (Clarias sp.) is a favorite freshwater fish that experiences an increase in both production and consumer demand every year. However, there is an obstacle, namely the high number of deaths due to cannibalism. To overcome this, a hormone therapy approach was used using soybean flour to control cannibalism. This research aims to determine the effective and efficient dose of soybean flour in controlling cannibalism of catfish seeds on a field scale. There were four treatments with one replication in this study, including the addition of soy flour to the feed at different doses, namely 50 g kg-1, 100 g kg-1, and 150 g kg-1 feed as well as a control treatment without the addition of soy flour. The catfish seeds used had an average length of 5.43 ± 0.29 cm/fish with a weight of 1.69 ± 0.28 g/fish. Catfish are kept in concrete ponds with a density of 1000 fish/pond with dimensions of 2 x 1 x 0.5 m for a 30 day rearing period, feeding is restricted to 5% of the fish biomass with a feeding frequency of 3 times a day. The results of the study stated that the addition of soybean flour 50 – 150 g kg-1 feed could reduce the level of cannibalism of catfish fry at an average size of 5.43 ± 0.28 cm/fish. The best dose for adding soy flour is 100 g kg-1 feed with a survival rate of 72.5% and a profit of IDR. 133,300/725 fish.
Keyword: cannibalism, cannibalism control, catfish (Clarias sp.), doses, soybean flour

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite