Judul: Pengaruh Penangkapan Ikan terhadap Komposisi Tingkat Trofik (Trophic Level) di Kepulauan Seribu
Abstrak: Trophic level is a structure of organism in food chain. The using both selective or non selective fishing gears has potential effects on the food chain. Thus, the important question is whether the caught at a certain trophic level relate to the used fishing gears. The study aimed: (1) to describe the status of fisheries in Seribu Islands; (2) to determine the composition of caught based on fishing gear types; and (3) to identify the potential impacts on ecosystem. The result of this study showed that the major fishing gears in Seribu Islands were seine net, muroami, gill net, hook and line as well as „bubu tambun‟ (trap). Most of the catch in the study area were redbelly yellowtail fusilier and goldlined spinefoot; the average length were 19 ± 4,0 cm and 22,4 ± 1,5 cm respectively. Further more, the average weight were redbelly yellowtail fusilier (110,6 ± 103,7 gr) and goldlined spinefoot (163,6 ± 58,5 gr). Majority, trophic level of catch was carnivores which prey the smaller fish and cephalopods (TL5: 4.0 – 4.5) e.g. frigate mackerel. This study has indicated that there was an impact of fishing on the ecosystem, particularly the balance of the food chain.
Keyword: 

Judul: Dampak Penangkapan Ikan terhadap Keseimbangan Trofik Level pada Habitat Lamun di Kepulauan Seribu, Provinsi DKI Jakarta
Abstrak: Fishing impacts of small-scale gears operating on seagrass habitat at Seribu Islands, DKI Jakarta Province, was quantified based on a widely accepted ecosystem measure and the ecology structure and the trophic level (TL) indicators. Trophic level of captured fish was evaluated during period October 2011 to April 2012. Fish samples were taken by means of experimental fishing using a set gillnet. In order to evaluate feeding habit a stomach content analysis that consist of quantity, volumetric and frequency of occurrence methods was conducted. The feeding habit data was analyzed by means of Relative Importance and Preponderance Indexes. Trophic level was analyzed base on three cases which found. Result showed that dominant of captured fish came from Holocentridae, that was redcoat (Sargocentron rubrum) and Belonidae that was spottail needlefish (Tylosurus strongylura) with each proportion 26 % of samples. The further dominant of captured fish fish was striped monocle bream (Scolopsis lineata) with proportion 14,5 % of samples. Size of the mean length of dominant captured fish were spottail needlefish (65,9 ± 21,7 cm), striped monocle bream (17,4 ± 1,4 cm) and redcoat (16,5 ± 1,6 cm). Size of the mean weight of dominant captured fish were spottail needlefish (584 ± 245 gr), redcoat (87 ± 30 gr) and striped monocle bream (77 ± 19 gr). Fish in the study area was dominated by herbivorous and demersal feeders. Many fishes that were captured on TL2 had potential to cause unbalanced trophic level in that fishing ground.
Keyword: 

Judul: Kajian Penggunaan Zeolit dan Kalsium Oksida sebagai Sumber Pemanas Kemasan Kaleng Panas Sendiri (self-heating can).
Abstrak: Penelitian ini mengkaji penggunaan zeolit sebagai alternatif sumber pemanas pada kemasan kaleng panas sendiri yang umumnya menggunakan kalsium oksida. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan proses kalsinasi pada suhu 550 oC selama 24 jam terhadap zeolit dan kalsium oksida untuk pembakaran awal dengan tujuan menghilangkan zat-zat yang tidak diinginkan. Kemudian telah dilakukan pengukuran suhu reaksi campuran sejumlah sampel dengan sejumlah air pada masing-masing perbandingan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan reaksi air dengan kalsium oksida menghasilkan suhu tertinggi pada perbandingan 3:1 dengan ratarata perubahan suhu 46.37 oC. Sedangkan reaksi air dengan zeolit menghasilkan suhu tertinggi pada perbandingan 1:2 dengan rata-rata perubahan suhu 39.27 oC. Massa kalsium oksida yang digunakan 5.00 gram dan zeolit yang digunakan 28.00 gram. Kemudian telah dilakukan pengukuran perubahan volume sampel yang direaksikan dengan air, hasilnya kalsium oksida dan air memiliki kenaikan volume 1.00 ml sedangkan zeolit memiliki kenaikan volume 2.00 ml. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa zeolit ternyata belum mampu untuk menggantikan kalsium oksida sebagai sumber pemanas self-heating can dari aspek kapasitas panas yang dihasilkan dan nilai ekonomis penggunaan bahan.
Keyword: kaleng panas sendiri, kalsium oksida, kemasan aktif, sumber pemanas, zeolit