Judul: Hygiene and Sanitation Conditions for Dairy Equipment in Pondok Ranggon Dairy Farms, East Jakarta
Abstrak: Kebersihan peralatan yang digunakan pada proses pemerahan memiliki pengaruh terhadap kualitas susu yang dihasilkan dari peternakan sapi perah. Jumlah total mikroorganisme (Total Plate Count/TPC) dan jumlah Enterobacteriaceae pada peralatan perah dapat digunakan sebagai indikator praktik higiene dan sanitasi oleh peternak atau pekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui praktik higiene dan sanitasi peternak atau pekerja di kawasan peternakan sapi perah Pondok Ranggon, Jakarta Timur dengan cara mengukur jumlah total mikroorganisme dan Enterobacteriaceae dari sampel swab peralatan perah. Tiga peternakan dipilih secara acak dari 4 blok di kawasan tersebut sehingga total diperoleh 12 peternakan yang dijadikan sampel dalam penelitian ini. Sampel swab dari peralatan perah antara lain milkcan, saringan, dan ember perah kemudian diambil dari setiap peternakan terpilih. Data praktik higiene dan sanitasi terhadap peralatan dikumpulkan melalui wawancara secara langsung menggunakan kuesioner mengenai karakteristik responden dan sanitasi peralatan perah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai TPC berbagai peralatan perah 100% melebihi standar batas cemaran (100 cfu/mL), dengan rata-rata pada milkcan yaitu 7,4 x 104 ± 8,8 x 104 cfu/mL, ember 5,3 x 104 ± 1 x 105 cfu/mL, dan saringan 5,5 x 104 ± 1,3 x 105 cfu/mL. Jumlah Enterobacteriaceae yang melebihi standar batas cemaran pada milkcan sebanyak 66,7% dengan rata-rata 4,8 x 103 ± 1,3 x 104 cfu/mL, pada ember dan saringan masing-masing 50%.dengan rata-rata 2,6 x 103 ± 6,9 x 103 cfu/mL dan 6,5 x 102 ± 9 x 102 cfu/mL. Berdasarkan hasil kuesioner praktik sanitasi umum dan khusus peternak dapat memengaruhi tingginya nilai TPC dan Enterobacteriaceae. Peternak atau pekerja mayoritas belum menerapkan praktik higiene dan sanitasi yang baik terhadap peralatan perah. Sebagian besar peralatan perah memiliki tingkat cemaran mikroorganisme (TPC) dan Enterobacteriaceae yang lebih tinggi dari standar batas aman yang ditetapkan., The cleanliness of the equipment used in the milking process has an influence on the quality of milk produced from dairy farms. The total number of microorganisms (Total Plate Count/ TPC) and the number of Enterobacteriaceae on dairy equipment can be used as indicators of hygiene and sanitation practices by farmers or workers. This study aims to determine the hygiene and sanitation practices of farmers or workers in the Pondok Ranggon dairy farming area, East Jakarta by measuring the total number of microorganisms and Enterobacteriaceae from swab samples of dairy equipment. Three farms were randomly selected from 4 blocks in the area so that a total of 12 farms were sampled in this study. Samples from dairy equipment including swab milk cans, filters, and milk buckets were collected through direct interviews using a questionnaire regarding the characteristics of respondents and sanitation of dairy equipment. The results showed that the TPC value of various dairy equipment 100% exceeded the standard contamination limit (100 cfu/mL), with the average milkcan being 7.4 x 104 ± 8.8 x 104 cfu/mL, bucket 5.3 x 104 ± 1 x 105 cfu/mL, and filter 5.5 x 104 ± 1.3 x 105 cfu/mL. The number of Enterobacteriaceae that exceeds the standard contamination limit at milkcan as much as 66.7% with an average of 4.8 x 103 ± 1.3 x 104 cfu/mL, in the bucket and filter 50% each with an average
Keyword: Enterobacteriaceae, higiene, jumlah total mikroorganisme, sanitasi, total plate count, sanitasi

Judul: Water Quality at Pondok Ranggon Dairy Farm Based on The Number of Microbes and The Number of Enterobacteriaceae
Abstrak: Kuantitas dan kualitas air yang digunakan di peternakan sapi perah dapat memengaruhi produksi susu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kualitas mikrobiologi air di Peternakan Sapi Perah Pondok Ranggon, Jakarta Timur yang sumber airnya berasal dari air tanah dan perusahaan daerah air minum (PDAM). Parameter kualitas mikrobiologi yang diuji, yaitu jumlah total mikrob dan jumlah Enterobacteriaceae menggunakan metode hitungan cawan. Rata-rata jumlah total mikrob air adalah 1,23 × 10^5 ± 1,47 × 10^5 CFU/mL dan jumlah Enterobacteriaceae 2,78 × 10^2 ± 7,6× 10^2 CFU/mL. Penelitian ini menemukan terdapat korelasi antara jumlah total mikrob dan jumlah Enterobacteriaceae (p< 0,05), yaitu semakin tinggi jumlah total mikrob maka semakin tinggi jumlah Enterobacteriaceae dalam air. Kualitas mikrobiologi air di peternakan Pondok Ranggon menunjukkan kontaminasi dari limbah peternakan yang berpotensi menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan pada hewan ternak dan manusia yang bekerja di sekitar kandang., Dairy cow's milk production is influenced by the quantity and quality of the water used in the farm. The purpose of this study was to determine the water quality at Pondok Ranggon Dairy Farm, East Jakarta whose water source comes from groundwater and local drinking water companies (PDAM). Microbiological quality parameters were tested, namely the total number of microbes and the number of Enterobacteriaceae. The results showed that the water in Pondok Ranggon Dairy Farm had an average total number of microbes 1,23 × 10^5 ± 1,47 × 10^5 CFU/mL and the number of Enterobacteriaceae 2,78 × 10^2 ± 7,6× 10^2 CFU/mL. This study found a correlation between the total number of microbes and the number of Enterobacteriaceae in the water (p<0,05), namely the higher the total number of microbes, the higher the number of Enterobacteriaceae in the water. The microbiological quality of water at Pondok Ranggon Farm shows contamination from waste that has the potential to cause health problems for both livestock and humans.
Keyword: Air, Enterobacteriaceae, jumlah total mikrob, sapi perah, Pondok Ranggon

Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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