Judul: Waveform retracking satelit jason 2 di Perairan Jawa Timur
Abstrak: Waveform retracking adalah proses pengukuran ulang jarak satelit terhadap permukaan laut (range) dengan menganalisa waveform di suatu wilayah perairan dengan menggunakan metode retracking. Penelitian ini dilakukan di wilayah perairan bagian utara dan selatan Jawa Timur dengan menggunakan data Sensor Geophysical Data Record (SGDR) Jason 2. Nomor lintasan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah 127, 140 dan 203 serta menggunakan cycle dimulai dari 18 – 158. Untuk menguji kualitas dari proses ini per kategori jarak dilakukan analisa Improvement Precentage (IMP) terhadap metode retracking yang digunakan. Metode yang digunakan adalah Offset Center Off Grativity (OCOG), ice, ocean, threshold 20% dan 50%; improved threshold 20%, 30% dan 50%. Penelitian ini menggunakan enam lokasi stasiun yang dilalui oleh Satelit Jason 2. Kategori jarak yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah 0 – 10 km, 10 – 50 km, 50 – 100 km, dan 100 – 200 km. Pengamatan terhadap performa metode waveform retracking diperoleh bahwa performa tiap metode waveform retracking berbeda pada masing-masing kategori jarak di setiap stasiun. Penggunaan threshold level 20% dan 30% pada metode threshold paling sesuai untuk wilayah perairan Jawa Timur. Validasi nilai Sea Surface Height (SSH) metode retracking menggunakan data Sea Level Anomaly (SLA) dan data pasang surut in situ. Hasil validasi menunjukan bahwa metode yang memiliki nilai IMP terbesar selama periode 2009 – 2012 memiliki nilai korelasi tertinggi terhadap data pasang surut in situ. Misalnya, metode retracking ice dengan nilai IMP terbesar pada Stasiun 1 dan 6, memiliki nilai koefisien korelasi tertinggi yaitu sebesar 0.78 dan 0.95. Pengukuran SSH selama periode 2009 – 2012 dengan metode retracking teroptimal pada masing-masing stasiun menghasilkan nilai rentang SSH untuk Stasiun 1 sampai Stasiun 6 sebagai berikut 30.87 – 33.45 m, 32.13 – 33.16 m, 34.38 – 35.08 m, 32.32 – 35.13 m, 30.17 – 32.23 m, dan 26.31 – 27.08 m, sedangkan rata-rata SSH berturut-turut sebesar 33.13 m (Stasiun 1), 32.43 m (Stasiun 2), 35.76 m (Stasiun 3), 32.56 m (Stasiun 4), 30.89 m (Stasiun 5), dan 27.58 m (Stasiun 6).
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Judul: Waveform Retracking Satelit Jason-2 pada Pesisir Selatan Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Satellite altimetry Jason-2 has been used to observe global ocean surface topography with accuracy approximately up to 2.5 cm on the offshore. However, the accuracy will be significantly reduced over coastal waters due to the signal received by satellite was interfered by reflected signal from the land. Distruption to the received signal by the satellite will affect the waveform shape becomes more complex and more difficult to be analyzed. The waveform formed on the offshore, is the ideal waveform shape so called ocean waveform or Brown waveform. Calculation of the range between the satellite and earth's surfaces using ocean retracking method is not accurate if the analyzed waveform shape is not ideal. Therefore, it is necessary to do retracking using other methods. The purpose of this research was to compare the ability of several retracking methods and ocean retracking methods to produce better value of sea surface height (SSH) on coastal waters. This study used data from the SGDR-D (Sensor Geophysical Data Record type D) satellite Jason-2 (pass 242, 051, and 064 during the period of 2010 - 2012 at southern coastal of Central Java and West Java) and global geoid data EGM08 (Earth Gravitational Model 2008). In this research, compared the analysis perfomances of several retracking methods, such as the OCOG (Offset Centre of Gravity), ice, threshold, and improved threshold and the result from analysis of ocean retracking method. Analytical performances of the used methods were measured by calculating the improvement percentage (IMP) results. Results of this research indicated waveforms from coastal waters has a complex and peaky shape, in contrast to the condition of the waveforms on the offshore with the ideal shape. In general, ice retracking method was the most optimal method for analyzing waveforms on each pass. That method was able to produce sea surface height value from offshore to coastal waters with high accuracy. The trend of sea level change that occurred during 2010 - 2012 at the observation point in each pass used optimal retracking method indicated a declining pattern. Sea level change at the observation point on the pass 242, 051, and 064 were -18.17, -47.23, and -39.97 mm/year inrespectively.
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Judul: Insecticidal Activity of Essential Oils Leaves of Cinnamomum spp. (Lauraceae) against Crocidolomia pavonana and Their Phytotoxicity on Broccoli Seedlings
Abstrak: Essential oils from leaves of 13 species of Cinnamomum were tested for their insecticidal activity on the cabbage head caterpillar Crocidolomia pavonana with leaf immerse method. The results showed that the treatment with 1% (w/v) essential oils leaves of C. celebicum, C. multiflorum, C. sintoc, and C. verum caused 21.45, 93.65, 60.30, and 76.10% mortality, respectively. Based on the results of phytotoxicity and insecticidal activity tests, C. multiflorum oil was further tested at 6 concentration levels. In all treatments, larval mortality has occurred at 24 hours after treatment (HAT) and increased at 48 HAT. LC50 of C. multiflorum oil at 24 and 48 HAT was 0.504 and 0.396%, respectively. The treatment with C. multiflorum oil at ≤0.31% did not inhibit the development of C. pavonana larvae. Determination of the chemical constituents of Cinnamomum oils were carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS). Totally, 345 compounds were identified. Methyleugenol constituted the main component (49.4%) of leaf essential oil of C. multiflorum and was assumed to be responsible for the insecticidal activity of the oil against C. pavonana larvae. LC50 of pure methyleugenol obtained at 0.365% (48 HAT) and 0.363% (72 HAT). The results showed that C. multiflorum was more effective with LC50 value equivalent to methyleugenol content of 0.32% (24 HAT) and 0.24% (48 HAT).
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