Judul: Laju Potensial dan Kelimpahan Bakteri Nitrifikasi, Denitrifikasi dan Disimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium (DNRA) pada Lahan Perkebunan Karet di Jambi.
Abstrak: Nitrogen is an abundant element in nature. This element is an essential nutrient for plant growth. High demands of nitrogen because nitrogen is an integral component of many constituent compounds such chlorophyll, protein, enzymes, nucleic acids and nucleotides. Nitrogen cycle occur in nature in aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Nitrification is oxidation of ammonium to nitrate. Denitrification and disimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) is the process of anaerobic nitrate reduction. This study aims to measure the potential rate of nitrification, denitrification, and DNRA and measure the abundance of bacteria in the rubber plantations in Jambi. Generally, denitrification activity was the most dominant activity. The lowest potential rate was DNRA. The high rate of denitrification was inversly proportional to the rate of DNRA because the availability of carbon source.
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Judul: Laju Potensial Nitrifikasi, Denitrifikasi, DNRA (Dissimilative Nitrat Reduction to Ammonium), dan Kelimpahan Bakteri di Lahan Perkebunan Sawit Jambi
Abstrak: Conversion of rainforest into plantations and agriculture lead to change microbial communities and nutrient cycle balance. One of nutrient cycle is Nitrogen Cycle. Several nitrogen metabolism that plays in nitrogen cycle are nitrification, denitrification, and DNRA (Dissimilative Reduction to Ammonium Nitrate). This research was conducted to calculate the potential rate of nitrification, denitrification, DNRA, and abundance of microbes possessing metabolism in oil palm plantation at Jambi. A total of 10 soil sample cores which 15 cm in depth was collected at 5 location in Palm Oil Plantation in Jambi. Ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate test have been undertaken used to determine the potential rate, Vmax, and Km. MPN (Most Probable Number) used to determine the abundance of bacteria. The results showed that DNRA rate was the highest rate and followed by denitrification and nitrification rate. DNRA bacteria abundance was noted at the bottom of stratification, while nitrification was noted at the upper of stratification. Denitrification rate showed no significant difference in the two stratifications were tested.
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Judul: Case Study of Gallbladder Mucocele and Treatment Used In Small Animals
Abstrak: Gallbladder mucocele (GM) is defined as distention of the gallbladder caused by an inappropriate accumulation or deposition of high concentrations of bile. The purpose of this case study is to study GM conditions in small animals and to report the clinical sign and characteristics of GM through the sonogram interpretation and blood chemistry test evaluation, and studies related to the therapy given and other treatments recommended. A 14-year-old Toy Poodle dog has been diagnosed with severe GM and cholecystitis. No pain signs were shown during the physical examination as asymptomatic is a common characteristic in the early stage of biliary related diseases. In this study Abdominal ultrasonography interpretation and blood chemistry evaluation was conducted in 2021-2022 and analyzed as a secondary data source. Ultrasonography results showed presence of hyperechoic, immobile deposits in gallbladder accompanied by wall thickening and enlarged in size, followed by a significant increase in the enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP). This study has summarized mainly the diagnosis and treatments of GM in small animals and suitable alternatives treatments were recommended to encounter the GM conditions in small animals. The effectiveness of combined therapy shows the positive impact on the patient, the condition of GM has been under control.
Keyword: ultrasound, gallbladder, biliary sludge, abdominal ultrasonography