Judul: Indexing Spatio-Temporal Pada Data Hotspot
Abstrak: The spatial information of hotspot is always changing over time. The recording of these changes makes it necessary to add dimension of time (temporal) into database. The database which is capable to store spatial and temporal information is known as spatiotemporal database. This database is bigger than a normal database because it stores all versions of an object over time and not allowed data to be physically deleted. A large database size causes it’s search time increases. It makes an access structure is needed in spatiotemporal database. Indexing is one of the access structure applied in the spatiotemporal database that accelerates data searching process. Spatiotemporal indexing method consists of two parts namely spatial indexing which is based on geographical information, and temporal indexing which is based on data timing information. The process of hotspot data indexing will be done in this research by using R-Tree approach for spatial data and Change Temporal Index (CTI) for temporal data. R-Tree is a hierarchical, height-balanced external memory data structure for multidimensional object. The hierarchical of R-Tree based on list of administrative such as regency, provinces and island. Change Temporal Index makes indexed data based on temporal side like valid time. CTI keeps valid data in current database and previous data according to interval valid time in historical database. This research is expected to accelerate the retrieving process in spatiotemporal databases. Spatial indexing makes searching faster up to 70%, temporal indexing makes searching faster up to 35% and spatiotemporal indexing makes searching faster than without indexing up to 50%.
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Judul: Implementasi Operator Perbandingan Temporal dan Operator Spasial pada Data Spatiotemporal
Abstrak: Spatio-temporal data models and query languages have received much attention in the database research community because of their practical importance and the interesting technical challenges they pose. Much previous work focuses on either temporal information or spatial information. In this research, we will learn about information retrieval using temporal and spatial in spatio-temporal data. The method in this research consists of data model, design temporal operator, design spatial operator, design spatio-temporal operator and testing. Temporal operators that used in this research are before, after, during, precedes, follows, starts, finishes, equal, meet and overlap. While spatial operators that used are equal, overlap, contain, disjoint, meet, adjacent and commonborder. In spatial model, the method use triangles to represent polygons and is called The Directed Triangulation. A polygon having n vertexes can be decomposed into n-2 triangles. Decomposing a polygon into a set of triangles makes determine spatial relationships between two polygon can be done more easyly. This research concludes that by using spatio-temporal operators, information retrieval will produce more specific information than that of using without spatio-temporal query. Spatial operators can give information about relationship between two region or more and temporal operator can give information about time.
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Judul: Pemurnian Mono-diasilglierol dengan saponifikasi basa
Abstrak: Mono-diasilgliserol diproduksi dengan melakukan reaksi esterifikasi antara gliserol dengan PFAD (Palm Fatty Acid Distilates). Hasil reaksi tersebut terdiri atas beberapa komponen yaitu MDAG, asam lemak bebas (ALB), dan triasilgliserol (TAG). Fraksi ALB dan TAG berpengaruh dalam menurunkan kualitas MDAG. Oleh karena itu diperlukan pemurnian dengan metode saponifikasi dan ekstraksi yang dapat menghilangkan kedua fraksi yang tidak diinginkan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan produk MDAG murni dengan rendemen tinggi dan kualitas baik dengan cara memurnikan MDAG melalui proses saponifikasi dan ekstraksi pelarut. Pemurnian diawali dengan pelarutan MDAG kasar ke dalam campuran heksan dan metanol dengan perbandingan 1:1 kemudian disaponifikasi menggunakan basa. Pada penelitian ini digunakan 2 macam bahan penyabun yaitu 2 N basa kuat dan kristal basa lemah dengan 3 variasi perlakuan yaitu 10, 15 dan 20% (b/b) untuk basa kuat dan 10, 15 dan 20% (v/b) untuk basa lemah. Setelah proses saponifikasi, dilanjutkan proses kristalisasi dan penyaringan produk. Produk terbaik yang dihasilkan ialah perlakuan dengan basa lemah 15% (b/s), dimana kondisi tersebut menghasilkan rendemen sebesar 66.57% dengan komposisi MAG 24.68%, DAG 60.93%, dan TAG-ALB 14.39%, titik leleh 44.75. C, nilai pH 5.5, stabilitas emulsi 94.11%, tekstur kering, agak berbau, dan berwarna putih…
Keyword: MDAG, Asam lemak bebas, Saponifikasi, Esterifation reaction, Palm fatty acid distilates, Triacylglycerol