Judul: Trade System and Estimated Illegal Trading Volume of Green Peafowl (Pavo muticus Linnaeus 1766)
Abstrak: Perdagangan ilegal satwa liar merupakan masalah serius karena dapat menyebabkan kerugian pada negara dan berkurangnya populasi satwa di alam. Merak hijau merupakan salah satu spesies yang terancam karena keindahan bulunya sering kali digunakan dalam kegiatan budaya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi data kasus perdagangan ilegal merak hijau dari tahun 2015 sampai 2020 yang didapatkan melalui studi pustaka data kasus Mahkamah Agung RI dan wawancara kepada BKSDA serta Gakkum LHK. Data yang didapat di analisis untuk mengetahui alur tata niaga, karakteristik pelaku, serta dugaan volume dan nilai perdagangan ilegal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga pelaku yaitu pemburu, perantara, dan konsumen. Pelaku yang terdapat membentuk jenis alur perdagangan ilegal yang didominasi oleh redundant channels dan multiple barriers to market. Jumlah merak hijau yang diperdagangkan selama tahun 2015 sampai 2020 yaitu 36 individu. Setiap tahunnya jumlah merak hijau yang diperdagangkan secara ilegal mengalami fluktuasi dengan tahun 2016 merupakan tahun tertinggi yaitu 14 merak hijau. Dugaan total nilai ekonomi perdagangan ilegal merak hijau dari tahun 2015 sampai 2020 yaitu Rp26.721.000,00., The Illegal wildlife trade is a serious problem for causing losses to the country and reduce the population of wildlife. Green peafowl is one of the species that is threatened cause of its beauty which is used in cultural activities. This research was conducted by identifying data on illegal green peafowl trade cases from 2015 to 2020 which were obtained by literature studies of case data Mahkamah Agung RI and interviews with BKSDA and Gakkum LHK. Data is analyzed to explained the trading system, characteristics of actors, and estimated illegal trading volume and value of green peafowl. The result of the research shows that there are three roles in the illegal trade of green peafowl, it is categorized by the hunter, the intermediary, and the consumer. The actors of illegal trade form a type of illegal trade channel that is dominated by redundant channels and multiple barriers to market. The number of green peafowls traded from 2015 to 2020 is 36 individuals. Every year the number of green peafowls traded illegally fluctuated with 2016 was the highest one with 14 green peafowls. The estimated total volume of green peafowl illegal trade from 2015 to 2020 is IDR 26,721,000.
Keyword: green peafowl, illegal trade, wildlife

Judul: Trading Procedure and Estimation of the Illegal Trade of Rhinoceros Hornbill (Buceros rhinoceros Linnaeus 1758)
Abstrak: Perdagangan satwa liar menguntungkan bagi Indonesia, akan tetapi jika dilakukan secara ilegal perdagangan satwa liar merugikan ekonomi negara, ekologi, budaya, maupun sosial. Salah satu satwa yang sering diburu dan diperdagangkan secara ilegal adalah rangkong badak. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi data kasus perdagangan ilegal rangkong badak dari tahun 2012-2020 yang didapatkan melalui studi pustaka data kasus Mahkamah Agung RI dan wawancara ke Pasar Pramuka Jakarta, BKSDA Jakarta, PPS Alobi Bangka Belitung, dan Ditjen GAKKUM LHK. Data yang didapat, dianalisis untuk mengetahui alur tata niaga, karakteristik pelaku, serta menduga volume dan nilai perdagangan ilegal rangkong badak. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi lima tipe alur tata niaga perdagangan ilegal rangkong badak, yang didominasi oleh tipe multiple barriers to market, dengan pelaku yang paling banyak ditemukan yaitu perantara. Jumlah rangkong badak yang dijual yaitu sebanyak 223 individu yang berfluktuatif tiap tahunnya. Nilai rangkong badak memiliki nilai yang berbeda sesuai dengan keadaan rangkong badak tersebut. Kerugian negara akibat perdagangan ilegal rangkong badak yaitu sebesar Rp1.211.753.030,00., Wildlife trade is beneficial to Indonesia, but if it is carried out illegally, wildlife trade is detrieintal to the country’s economy, ecology, culture, and society. One of the animals are often hunted and traded is the rhinoceros hornbill. The research was conducted by identifying data on illegal trade cases from 2012-2020 obtained through a literature study of case data from Mahkamah Agung RI and interviews to the Pramuka Market Jakarta, BKSDA Jakarta, PPS Alobi Bangka Belitung, Mahkamah Agung, and GAKKUM. The data were analyzed to determine the flow of trade, characteristics, actors, and the alleged volume and value of the illegal rhinoceros hornbill trade. The results of the study identified 5 types of rhinoceros hornbill trade chain, and dominated by multiple barriers to market, with the most common actors being intermediaries. The number of rhinoceros hornbills sold was 223individuals, which fluctuated every year. The value of rhinoceros Hornbill has a different value according to the condition. State losses due to illegal rhinoceos hornbill trade amounted to Rp1.211.753.030,00.
Keyword: animal trade, illegal, rhinoceros hornbill

Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4