Judul: Forest areas through group approach (case study of forest management involving local people in the forest production areas of state forestry corporation (perum perhutani) unit I in the Province of Central Java)
Abstrak: Forest villagers’ empowerment in a social forestry approach, especially collaborative forest management, is very crucial issue. The objectives of this study are: (1) to explore group dynamic of forest farmers’ group and to identify several factors influence the group dynamic; (2) to explore the level of empowerment of farmers around state forest area and to identify several factors influence the level of empowerment; (3) to explore the level of participation of farmers around state forest area and to find out the relationship of participation with the level of empowerment; and (4) to formulate a model and strategies to empower the farmers around state forest areas through group approach. The study had been carried out in three forest districts of East Pekalongan, South Kedu and Gundih in 2008. Survey using questionnaire with multistage cluster sampling was employed to collect main data from 408 farmers as respondents. The research data were processed by using structural equation modeling (SEM) of LISREL 8.73. The conclusions of the study are: (1) Level of group dynamic of forest farmers’ group is low. Factors influence significantly on the low of group dynamic are the low effectiveness of forest farmers’ group leadership, unfavorable environmental supports and low role of facilitators; (2) Level of empowerment of farmers is low. Factors influence directly and significantly on the low level of empowerment are unfavorable environmental supports, low level of group dynamic, low individual farmers’ potency, and ineffective process of empowerment. Whereas the ineffectiveness of forest farmers’ group leadership has indirect effect on the low level of empowerment; (3) Level of farmers’ participation is low. The low level of farmers’ participation is influenced directly by the low level of their empowerment; (4) Strategies to empower forest farmers are to strengthen six aspects such as environmental supports, forest farmers’ leadership, group dynamic, roles of facilitators, forest farmers’ potency and effectiveness of the process of empowerment.
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Judul: Forest Farmer Group Development Model for Sustainable  Well-Being in Kampar Regency
Abstrak: Pemanfaatan sumber daya hutan yang berkelanjutan dapat membantu mengurangi kemiskinan di negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia, terutama melalui kelompok masyarakat pedesaan seperti kelompok tani hutan (KTH). Namun, kemampuan KTH dalam mengelola sumber daya hutan masih rendah, yang berdampak pada penurunan kinerja mereka, seperti yang terlihat pada KTH di Kabupaten Kampar. Berbeda dengan penelitian sebelumnya, penelitian ini berfokus pada pengembangan KTH berdasarkan aspek kelola kelembagaan, kelola kawasan, dan kelola usaha. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kinerja KTH dalam mencapi kesejahteraan dan membangun model pengembangan KTH. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kabupaten Kampar dengan melibatkan 193 responden menggunakan metode sensus. Analisis data menggunakan teknik Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aspek kelola usaha memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kesejahteraan KTH di Kabupaten Kampar, diikuti oleh aspek kelola kelembagaan dan aspek kelola kawasan. Model pengembangan KTH melibatkan peningkatan indikator kunci dalam setiap aspek, seperti keterlibatan KTH dalam program-program pemerintah/non-pemerintah/organisasi lain, pemanfaatan wilayah kelola kelompok secara tepat, dan penambahan modal usaha, sebagai langkah kunci untuk mencapai pengelolaan yang produktif, mandiri, sejahtera, dan berkelanjutan., Sustainable forest resource utilization can alleviate poverty in developing countries, including Indonesia, mainly by rural community groups like forest farmer groups (KTH). However, the capacity of KTH to manage forest resources is still low, leading to a decline in their well-being, exemplified in KTH in Kampar Regency. Unlike previous studies, this research focuses on developing KTH based on institutional, area management, and business aspects. The objective of the study is to analyze the factors influencing KTH’s well-being and build a development model for KTH. The research was conducted in Kampar Regency with 193 respondents using a census method. Data analysis used the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) technique. The study’s findings reveal that business management significantly influences KTH’s well-being in Kampar Regency, followed by institutional and area management aspects. The development model for KTH involves enhancing key indicators in each aspect, such as KTH’s involvement in government/non-government organizations/other institution programs, appropriate area utilization, and increased business capital, as key steps to achieve a productive, self-reliant, prosperous, and sustainable management.
Keyword: Area, Business development, Forest farmer group, Institutional, Poverty alleviation

Judul: Trichomonas Gallinae Penyebab Trichomonosis Pada Unggas
Abstrak: Trichomonas gallinae adalah protozoa yang bergerak aktof dengan keempat flagella yang mempunyai layar dan pada salah satu sisinya terdapat membran seperti sirip ikan yang berombak. Spesies dari genus Trichomonas ini mempunyai arti penting pada unggas, karena dapat menyebabkan infeksi pada alat pencernaan bagian atas.
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