Judul: Shade Tolerance of 20 Genotypes of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.).
Abstrak: Tomato is one of the major vegetable that has been cultivated in Indonesia. Decrease of harvest area of tomato affect decreasing in production, so it requires an effort to improve tomato production. The efforts to improve tomato production were use the land under trees, agroforestry, or intercropping system. Low light intensityis a limiting factor in the cultivation of intercropping. Aim of this study was to evaluate the production, morphosiology, and fruit quality of 20 tomato genotypes under shade. This studywas conducted at Cikabayan (experimental station-University Farm of IPB) from January to April 2013. The research was arranged by nested design with 3 replicates. The main plot was shade consisted of four levels, i.e., 0, 25, 50, and 75%, while sub plot was 20 genotypes of tomato i.e. Intan (T1), GIK (T3), SSH 3 (T6), Karina (T13), Roma (T21), Rempai (T23), Apel (T30), SSH 9 (T33), SSH 20 (T34), M4HH (T43), Bogor (T53), Medan 4 (T57), Kediri 1 (T60), Papua 2 (T64), Montero (T80), Fatma (T82), Ratna (T83), Delana (T84), Palupi (T85), dan Mawar (T86). Results of this study showed that most of the tested genotypes increased the production per plant under 25% shade, while under 50% shade showed a high diversity among genotypes. Based on relative yield under 50% shade, genotypes can be grouped into three, there are : sensitive (Intan, Rempai and Delana), tolerant (GIK, Roma, SSH 9, SSH 10, Bogor, Kediri 1, Montero, Ratna, and Mawar), dan shade-like (SSH 3, Karina, Apel, M4HH, Medan 4, Papua 2, Fatma, and Palupi). Production per plants affected by the yield component, mainly number of fruit per plant. 50% shade significantly affected some morphologicsl characters ie plant height, and leaf area. 50% shade increase significantly up to 68% on plant height and 45% on leaf area. More over on physiological character, 50% shade significantly affect leaf thickness, chlorophyll a and b, and the ratio of chlorophyll a/b. 50 % shade significantly reduced tomato leaf thickness up to 25 %. Chlorophyll a and b increased by level of shade, while the ratio of chlorophyll a/b decreases. Shade also affects the quality of tomato fruits. Tomato diameter increase significantly by 7 % on shade-like genotype in 50 % shade. 50% shade not significant on firmness, otherwise decrease significantly on total solid soluble but increasing total titration acid on shade-like genotype.
Keyword: agroforestry, intercropping, morphosiology, production, quality

Judul: Growth and Production 5 Potential Lines of Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) to The Effect of Paranet Shade
Abstrak: Salah satu tantangan pertanian di Indonesia saat ini adalah lahan pertanian yang semakin berkurang dan luas kepemilikan lahan oleh petani Indonesia yang masih kecil. Sistem budidaya tanaman dibawah tegakan pohon, tumpang sari atau tanaman sela pada tanaman kehutanan, perkebunan maupun pekarangan merupakan salah satu alternatif solusi dalam meningkatkan efesiensi penggunaan lahan. Namun, adanya cekaman intensitas cahaya rendah (naungan) pada sistem budidaya tersebut dapat menyebabkan penurunan produktivitas tanaman. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji pertumbuhan dan produksi 5 galur harapan tomat dan varietas pembanding terhadap pengaruh naungan paranet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh genotipe, naungan paranet dan interaksi genotipe x naungan terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tomat. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Pasir Kuda Pusat Kajian Hortikultura Tropika (PKHT) IPB, Ciomas, Bogor pada bulan Desember 2017 sampai dengan bulan Mei 2018. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan petak tersarang, dua faktor dan empat ulangan. Petak utama terdiri atas 2 taraf, yaitu naungan paranet 50% (N1) dan tanpa naungan 0% (N0) dan anak petaknya adalah 5 galur harapan tomat (F4SSH34979-370-1, F4SSH34979-326-4, F4SSH34979-384-11, F4SSH34979-380-13, dan F4SSH34979-380-16) dan 5 varietas pembanding (Palupi, Karina, Tora, SSH3, dan 4979). ). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pengaruh genotipe terdapat pada seluruh karakter tomat yang diamati. Naungan paranet 50% berpengaruh menurunkan warna hijau daun, padatan total terlarut (PTT), dan bobot per buah serta meningkatkan tinggi tanaman tomat. Pengaruh interaksi genotipe x naungan dihasilkan pada seluruh karakter tomat yang diamati kecuali karakter warna hijau daun. Seluruh galur harapan tomat memiliki bobot buah per tanaman yang setara dengan varietas pembanding. Namun, galur harapan F4SSH34979-370-1 (311.82 g) dan F4SSH34979-384-11 (302.85 g) mampu menghasilkan bobot buah per tanaman lebih tinggi dibandingkan varietas pembanding komersial Karina dan Tora IPB pada kondisi naungan paranet ., One of the challenges of agriculture in Indonesia today is the decrease in crops field and the ownership of agricultural land by Indonesian farmers who are still small. Plant cultivation system under the shading of trees, intercropping or intermittent plants in forestry trees, estate and home garden is one of the alternative solutions in improving the efficiency of land use. However, there is a low light intensity (shading) in the cultivation system can lead to a decrease in crop productivity. This study aims to determine the influence of genotype, effect of using plastic shading nets and genotype x shading interaction on tomato growth and production. This study was conducted to test the growth and production of 5 candidate strains of tomatoes and comparison varieties against the effect of plastic shading nets. This research was conducted at the experimental field PKHT IPB University, Ciomas, Bogor in December 2017 until May 2018. This research used the nested tiles design, with two factors and four repeated test. The main plot consists of 2 levels, namely the effect of 50% shading (N1) and 0% shading (N0) and sub plot is 5 candidate strains of tomato (F4SSH34979-370-1, F4SSH34979-326-4, F4SSH34979-384-11, F4SSH34979-380-13, and F4SSH34979-380-16) and comparative varieties (Palupi, Karina, Tora, SSH3, and 4979). The result showed that the influence of genotypes was present in all observed tomato characters. 50% plastic shading nets has the effect of decrease the green color of the leaves,
Keyword: growth, production, promising line, shade factor

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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