Judul: Performance Of Beef Cattle Fed Herbal Mineral Block Containing Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal, Turmeric, And Microminerals
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh herbal mineral block (HMB) mengandung tepung deffated larva Black Soldier Fly (BSF), kunyit, dan mineral mikro terhadap performa sapi meliputi konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan harian, dan efisiensi pakan. Selama 30 hari, 12 sapi pedaging dengan usia rata-rata 12 bulan dan bobot badan 326,25 ± 54,20 kg dibagi menjadi 2 perlakuan dan 6 kelompok sebagai ulangan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) berdasarkan bobot badan awal dengan perlakuan, yaitu P0 = ransum tanpa pemberian HMB (kontrol) dan P1 = ransum dengan pemberian HMB. Variabel yang diamati adalah konsumsi pakan, konsumsi HMB, pertambahan bobot badan harian (PBBH), dan efisiensi pakan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) dalam software IBM SPSS 25. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian HMB selama 30 hari tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot harian dan efisiensi pakan. Simpulan dari penelitian ini, pemberian suplemen HMB belum memberi pengaruh terhadap performa sapi pada jangka pendek (30 hari)., The aim of this research was to analyze the feed intake, growth, and feed efficiency of cattle fed with Herbal Mineral Block (HMB) containing Defatted Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae meal, turmeric, and minerals. Over 30 days, 12 cattle with an average age of 12 months and weight of 326.25 ± 54,20 kg were divided into 2 treatments and 6 groups with a randomized block design. Cattle was grouped based on initial body weight with the following treatments, P0 = ration without HMB (control) and P1 = ration with HMB. The parameters measured were feed and HMB intake, average daily gain, and feed efficiency. The data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) on IBM SPSS 25. Results showed that supplementation of HMB within 30 days did not yet affects feed intake, average daily gain, and feed efficiency. It was concluded that HMB supplementation in a short time (30 days) did not yet improve the performance of the cattle.
Keyword: herbal mineral block, konsumsi pakan, kunyit, larva black soldier fly, performa sapi

Judul: Hematologi Darah Sapi yang Diberi Herbal Mineral Blok Mengandung Tepung Black Soldier Fly, Kunyit, dan Mineral Mikro
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi hematologi, metabolit, dan status mineral darah sapi yang diberikan herbal mineral block (HMB) mengandung tepung defatted larva black soldier fly (BSF), kunyit, dan mineral mikro. Selama 30 hari, 12 sapi pedaging dengan bobot badan 326,25 kg dibagi menjadi 2 perlakuan dan 6 kelompok sebagai ulangan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap (RAKL) berdasarkan bobot badan awal dengan perlakuan, yaitu P0 = ransum tanpa pemberian HMB (kontrol) dan P1 = ransum dengan pemberian HMB. Parameter yang diukur adalah hematologi, metabolit, dan status mineral darah sapi. Data dianalisis menggunakan independent sample T-test. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian HMB selama 30 hari pada sapi tidak memengaruhi (P>0,05) butir darah merah (BDM), butir darah putih (BDP), hematokrit, hemoglobin, diferensiasi leukosit, total protein, dan albumin darah. Sebaliknya, kandungan Kalsium (Ca), Fosfor (P), dan Magnesium (Mg) meningkat. HMB mengandung BSF, kunyit, dan mineral mikro meningkatkan status mineral darah sapi, namun tidak menghasilkan perbedaan pada hematologi dan metabolit darah.
Keyword: black soldier fly larvae meal, cattle, hematology and metabolite, herbal mineral block

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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