Judul: Benefit Reserves of Joint Life Insurance with Commissioner Method
Abstrak: Pencadangan manfaat dilakukan untuk memastikan penanggung dapat membayarkan manfaat kematian kepada tertanggung. Pada karya ilmiah ini, penghitungan cadangan manfaat untuk asuransi joint life tradisional dimodifikasi menggunakan metode Commissioner, yang merupakan pengembangan dari metode full preliminary term (FPT). Berdasarkan hasil penghitungan, cadangan Commissioner menghasilkan cadangan yang lebih besar dibandingkan cadangan FPT di periode pembayaran premi, khususnya untuk polis yang memiliki nilai premi modifikasi FPT lebih besar daripada nilai premi bersih tahunan, yang dibayarkan sebanyak sembilan belas kali dari asuransi seumur hidup, pada usia masuk polis satu tahun setelah usia masuk asli, untuk tertanggung yang sama. Sementara itu, cadangan Commissioner bernilai sama dengan cadangan FPT, khususnya untuk polis yang memiliki nilai premi modifikasi FPT tidak lebih besar daripada nilai premi bersih tahunan, yang dibayarkan sebanyak sembilan belas kali dari asuransi seumur hidup, pada usia masuk polis satu tahun setelah usia masuk asli, untuk tertanggung yang sama. Selisih nilai cadangan Commissioner dan FPT lebih besar untuk asuransi dwiguna dan seumur hidup daripada asuransi berjangka., Benefit reserves are established to ensure that the insurer can pay the death benefits to the insured. In this research paper, the calculation of benefit reserves for traditional joint life insurance is modified using the Commissioner method, which is a development of the full preliminary term (FPT) method. Based on the results of the calculation, the Commissioner reserve produces a greater reserve than the FPT reserve in the premiums payment period, especially for policies that have FPT modified premium value is greater than the annual net premium value, paid nineteen times of the whole life insurance, at the policy entry age one year after the original entry age for the same insured. Meanwhile, the Commissioner's reserve is the same as the FPT reserve, especially for policies that have FPT modified premium value is not greater than the annual net premium value, paid nineteen times of the whole life insurance, at the policy entry age one year after the original entry age for the same insured. The difference in Commissioner and FPT reserve values is greater for endowment and whole life insurance than for term insurance.
Keyword: benefit reserves, Commissioner method, full preliminary term method, joint life insurance

Judul: Penghitungan Cadangan Manfaat Asuransi Jiwa Joint Life Seumur Hidup dan Endowment Menggunakan Metode Fackler
Abstrak: Asuransi adalah bentuk perjanjian antara dua belah pihak, yaitu pihak tertanggung dan pihak penanggung, di mana tertanggung membayar sebuah iuran kepada penanggung demi mendapatkan bentuk ganti rugi atas risiko finansial yang dapat terjadi secara tak terduga. Asuransi joint life merupakan salah satu jenis asuransi jiwa multilife yang pembayaran preminya dilakukan sampai kematian pertama peserta asuransi. Karya ilmiah ini membahas penentuan cadangan manfaat asuransi joint life seumur hidup dan asuransi joint life endowment menggunakan metode Fackler. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, dengan suku bunga dan besar manfaat yang sama didapatkan nilai cadangan manfaat asuransi joint life seumur hidup meningkat setiap tahunnya dan pada tahun terakhir nilai cadangan manfaatnya bernilai nol. Pada asuransi joint life endowment nilai cadangan manfaatnya meningkat setiap tahun hingga pada tahun terakhir nilainya sama dengan besar manfaatnya., Insurance is a form of agreement between two parties, namely the insured and the insurer, in which the insured pays a contribution to the insurer in order to obtain a form of compensation for financial risks that can occur unexpectedly. Joint life insurance is a type of multi-life life insurance where the premium payments are made until the first death among the insured participants. This scientific paper discusses the calculation of the reserve for joint life insurance benefits, for whole life joint life insurance and joint life endowment insurance using the Fackler method. Assuming the same interest rate and benefit amount, the result shows that the reserve value for lifelong joint life insurance benefits increases every year and in the final year the reserve value for benefits is zero. For the joint life endowment insurance, the value of the benefit reserve increases every year until the final year where is equal to the benefit amount.
Keyword: benefit reserve, endowment insurance, Fackler method, joint life        insurance, whole life insurance

Judul: Produksi bioetanol dari empulur sagu menggunakan enzim dan khamir dari isolat lokal
Abstrak: Starch and fiber from Sago palm can be used for making bioethanol. Starch are accumulate in the pith core of sago palm steam. The pith was pretreated with conventional heating (autoclaving) or microwave. After pretreatment, the sago pith was hydrolysed using α-amylase at 95 oC. The saccharification of sago pith was conducted using consortia of three enzymes (amyloglucosidase, cellulase and xylanase) at 60 o C. Hydrolysis of sago pith was done with these commercial starch degradating enzymes and self-prepared enzymes from local isolates of cellulolytic and xylanolytic bacteria. Yeast used at the fermentation process was isolated from rotten fruits. Selection of yeast was based on their ability to consume mixed substrates of xylose and glucose; and the ethanol production. After 72 hours of fermentation the ethanol production was analyzed using Gas Chromatography. Ethanol produced from conventional heating was greater than microwave heating by using yeast isolate MP (8.11%).
Keyword: