Judul: Growing technology of nereis worm Dendronereis pinnaticirris (Grube 1864)
Abstrak: Minimum requirement of polychaetes, including the nereis Dendronereis pinnaticirris, as feed for shrimp broodstocks in Indonesian hatcheries on 2011 was 6,947 tons. In the next years it is forecasted that the need will increase. Nereis culture aims to meet the demand for shrimp hatchery, and for preserving the broodstocks and the environment indirectly. Level of salinity, substrate type, density, and type of feed affect the productivity of polychaetes. Data of optimum salinity, optimum substrate, optimum density, and the best feed for nereis D. pinnaticirris were not exist. Klekap powder was chosen as a test feed because of reason that the stomach content of nereis was similar to klekap. Klekap was the best feed for milk fish fry compare to plankton. This study included four consecutive trials on the topic: salinity, substrate, density, and feed. D. pinnaticirris with weight closed to 150–200 mg adapted to 15 or 20 ppt salinity and sterilized natural substrate for 30 days were used as test animals. Test animals kept in an aquarium measuring 40x40x30 cm with a substrate according to treatment with a depth of 10 cm and aerated water in 8.5 cm depth for 35 days trial. Experiment I showed that the daily growth rate, the feed efficiency, the protein retention, and the productivity reached the highest at 20 ppt salinity of media. It was found an equation as y = 0.00005778x2 - 0.032x + 1.643; y = 1, so x = 20 ppt; where y = osmotic actiity rate and x = salinity. Experiment II showed that test animals were constantly move if they could not find the hole or had no ability to make the hole. Substrates with grains of 63250 μm in diameter in salinity of 20 ppt significantly (P <0.05) produced better daily growth rate, better protein retention, better survival rate, better production, and better productivity. Experiment III showed that the highest absolute biomass growth was in density of 1,000 individuals/m2 in the amount of 4,064.0 g. Stress occured in first day which was indicated by an increase of glucose content and a decrease of glycogen content. Glucose content in the density of (250; 500; 1,000; 2,000: 4,000) individuals/m2 were (18.0; 20.0; 19.0; 29.0; 48.0) mg/dL respectively; the glycogen content were (103.307; 102.722; 81.562; 65.781; 77.804) mg/g respectively. In the 18th day and the 35th day, they returned to normal in all treatments. Experiment IV suggested that klekap powder contained ARA. ARA produces prostaglandin PGF2alpha that has ability to promote muscle growth. The use of 20 ppt salinity, soil substrate with 63–250 μm in diameter grain, density of 1,000 individu/m2, and feed with a combination of 75% commercial feed and 25% klekap powder were significantly (P <0.05) produced the daily growth rate of 0.58%/day , the feed efficiency of 48.63%, the protein retention of 26.09%, the lipid retention of 5.28%, and the productivity of 27 g/m2/30 days.
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Judul: The Evaluation of Earthworm (Pheretima sp) Enrichment on The Chemical Composition and Ovarian Development of Female Pacifik White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Broodstock.
Abstrak: Pacific White shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei ) is a species of penaid shrimp families that has significant commercial value in the world trade. Fresh feed that have excelent result to increase broodstock gonad maturation of white shrimp is marine worm (Nereis sp), therefore they become WSSV vector. This study aimed to search arternative feed subtituting marine worm as the main feed of white shrimp broodstock. Earthworms (Pheretima sp) have a great potential to be used as an alternative feed to subtituting marine worm for white shrimp broodstock because they can be cultivated, and the nutritional content is quite high. But the content of phospholipids, cholesterol and carotene earthworms were lower than marine worms. The diet treatments were marine worms (Nereis sp) as a control (A), earthworms (Pheretima sp) (B), earthworms enriched by phospholipids, cholesterol and carotene (C) and artificial feed using earthworms flour as the main protein source enriched by phospholipids, cholesterol and carotene (D). The object of this research was virgin white shrimp broodstock. Observed parameters were gonad development stage (GDS) and gonad chemical composition at gonad maturation level II and IV. The results showed that gonad development stage both morfology and histology of C treatment was higher than B and D. The highest of broodstock that reach out for GDS IV was treatment A (28%), followed by treatment C (22.67%) and treatment D (17.33%). The observation of broodstock gonad chemical composition during maturation process from GDS II to GDS IV, showed that although gonad total lipid (TL) of treatments A, C and D increase, only treatment A and treatment C showed an increase in protein content, triacylgliseride, and polar lipid. These affected by betacaroten of both treatments were high enough, so be able to prevent the oxidation of gonad lipid mobilization process. In this study, the treatment that able to produce eggs are treatment A and C. Lipids were preferentially transferred to the eggs, which contained relatively high triacylgliseride and cholesterol levels. The chemical composition of eggs respectively were: protein content of eggs A. 1.87%, C. 12.94%; triacylgliseride content of eggs A. 0.73%, C. 0.70%; cholesterol content of eggs A. 0.62%, C. 0.49%; and beta-caroten content of eggs A. 20.62 mg/1000g, C. 18.2 mg/1000g. It can be concluded that earthworms (Pheretima sp) enriched by phospholipids, cholesterol and beta-carotene can be used as a white shrimp broodstock alternative feed for subtitute marine worms (Nereis sp).
Keyword: Marine worm Nereis sp, L. vannamei broodstock, earthworm Pheretima sp

Judul: Dekomposisi Nilai Singular pada Matriks Kompleks Toeplitz Bidiagonal Atas.
Abstrak: Dekomposisi nilai singular merupakan salah satu metode faktorisasi matriks berdasarkan nilai singular dan vektor singularnya. Dekomposisi nilai singular bertujuan untuk memfaktorisasi suatu matriks �������� berukuran �������� × �������� menjadi bentuk �������������������������������� dengan �������� merupakan matriks berukuran �������� × �������� , �������� merupakan matriks berukuran �������� × �������� dan �������� merupakan matriks berukuran �������� × ��������. Pada karya ilmiah ini, dibahas dekomposisi nilai singular pada matriks kompleks Toeplitz bidiagonal atas berukuran �������� × (�������� + 1).
Keyword: dekomposisi nilai singular, matriks Toeplitz, matriks bidiagonal atas, matriks kompleks