Judul: Pengaruh varietas kedelai, mulsa jerami dan aplikasi PGPR terhadap penyakit pustul bakteri dan kelimpahan bakteri rizosfer
Abstrak: Bacterial pustule caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines is one of important bacterial diseases of soybean in Indonesia. The development of alternative control of the disease is required to support Integrated Pests and Diseases Management for sustainable agriculture. This research was conducted to observe the effect of straw mulch, Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on the incidence of bacterial pustule disease and the abundance of chitinolytic bacteria, heat tolerant bacteria, and fluorescence bacteria on two soybean varieties. All of the factors as combinations were not significant to affect the value of total area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) of bacterial pustule. Factor that significantly affected the values of AUDPC was varieties. Gepak Kuning variety has lowest AUDPC value compare to Anjasmoro variety. In addition, combination of Gepak Kuning variety and straw mulch showed AUDPC value. Abundance of fluorescence bacteria on soybean rhizosphere treated with PGPR is significantly higher compared with those on plants without PGPR. The other treatments and their combination did not significantly affect the abundance of rhizosphere bacteria.
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Judul: Ketahanan terhadap hawar daun bakteri dan keragaan produktivitas padi sawah yang ditanam tunggal dan campuran
Abstrak: The core of Indonesian agricultural development policy is to meet the demand of rice as staple food. The improved varieties which have been used still faced constraints such as abiotic and biotic stress. One of the important biotic stress is Bacterial Leaf Blight disease caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. According to the previous research, mixture varieties planting could reduce disease intensity and increase the yield. The aim of this research was to find out the genotype that resistance to BLB, yield stability, genetic variability and other characters stability on single and mixture planting. The experiment used 17 genotypes as treatments which consisted of 7 cultivars and 10 cultivar mixtures with different resistance to BLB background. The trial was designed in Randomized Complete Block Design and replicated three times. The trial was conducted during two seasons in Majalengka and Pacitan. The characters observed were Bacterial Leaf Blight spreading, plant height, number of panicle per hill, number of well-filled grain per panicle, number of unfilled grain per panicle, number of total grain per panicle, 1000 grains weight, well-filled grain percentage, yield per ha and sink size. The disease spreading data was used to analyze the first appearance of disease, disease incidence, disease severity and Area Under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC). The yield data was used to analyze yield stability and genetic parameters, while agronomic characters data was used to analyze the difference between two seasons and between single and mixture genotype using t test. According to the result of analysis, there was no difference between single and mixture genotype on the first appearance of disease, disease incidence, disease severity and AUDPC. The result of combine and stability analysis showed that genotype, season and their interactions influenced the yield; and the stable, unstable and specific single and mixture genotype could be determined. According to t test to other characters, there was no difference between single and mixture genotype. Based on the result of the analysis, the effect of mixture to reduce the Bacterial Leaf Blight disease and to increase the yield has not been known yet.
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Judul: Sintesis dan Pencirian Natrium Titanat (Na2Ti2O4(OH)2) Berbahan Dasar Titanium Dioksida
Abstrak: TiO2 can be utilized as basic material for synthesis of sodium titanate (Na2Ti2O4(OH)2). This research was purposed to synthesize and characterize sodium titanate from TiO2 rutile powder as a basic material. Sodium titanate was synthesized by hydrothermal process at temperature 130 °C by mixing TiO2 rutile powder with 5 M and 10 M NaOH solution, then each was calcinated at temperature 700 °C. The energy dispersive X-ray analysis showed that sodium titanate has been successfully synthesized. This result was also supported by functional group analysis with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrofotometer showing the existence of Ti-O-Na vibration band at 989.42 cm-1. The formation of sodium titanate was depend on the reaction condition such as temperature, reaction time, and NaOH concentration. Scanning electron microscope image indicated that sodium titanate synthesized at 130 °C in 20 hours reaction time with 10 M NaOH had crystal size of 99.37 nm.
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