Judul: Net Primary Production Spatial Distribution in Kalimantan
Abstrak: Net Primary Production (NPP) flux was estimated based on the 16-days data of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) for 10 years from 2001 to 2010 by using the National Aeronautics and Space Administration - Carnegie Ames Stanford Approach (NASA-CASA) model. The values of the yearly average of NPP in Kalimantan from 2001 to 2010 were 762.77 gC m-2 yr-1, 703.74 gC m-2 yr-1, 778.68 gC m-2 yr-1, 745.6 gC m-2 yr-1, 797.54 gC m-2 yr-1, 713.27 gC m-2 yr-1, 790.01 gC m-2 yr-1, 768.53 gC m-2 yr-1, 752.94 gC m-2 yr-1, and 867.65 gC m-2 yr-1 respectively. The results have shown that high NPP was found in the forest area with a value from 1,200 gC m-2 yr-1 to 1,600 gC m-2 yr-1. It was followed by palm oil plantation with NPP of 1,000 gC m-2 yr-1 to 1,300 gC m-2 yr-1. For peatland, the value of NPP varied between 200 gC m-2 yr-1 and 600 gC m-2 yr-1. For water body, the results have shown that NPP varied from 0 gC m-2 yr -1 to 100 gC m-2 yr -1. For residential area, NPP was between 0 gC m-2 yr-1 and 700 gC m-2 yr-1. It increased as long as we got far from the center of the city. In term of mining area, the value of NPP was very low varying between 400 gC m-2 yr-1 to 600 gC m-2 yr-1. This high value might be the result from reforestation and from the vegetation surrounding the mining area since the resolution of the MODIS data used is 250-meter. The effect of inter-annual variation of El Nino is not clearly seen. However the NPP is decreasing during El Nino period. On the contrary, NPP is increasing during the La Nina periods. The NPP reached its highest value in March and April during the monsoonal transitional period, and decreased to the lowest in September and October.
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Judul: Spatial distribution of net primary production (NPP) using modis data and correlation with climate variability
Abstrak: The most important global interactions between the biosphere and atmosphere involve the transfer of energy, water, and carbon. Carbon is assimilated by the biosphere through photosynthesis and released through autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration. Net Primary Production (NPP) is the net carbon fixed by vegetation through photosynthesis. NPP provides the carbon required for maintenance of the structure and functions of an ecosystem. NPP can be used in the term of net biomass accumulation to express the net flux of carbon between the atmosphere and terrestrial vegetation. NPP is a fundamental ecological variable, not only because it measures the energy input to the biosphere and terrestrial carbon dioxide assimilation, but also because of its significance in indicating the land surface area and status of a wide range of ecological process.
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Judul: Grup dan Homomorfisma Grup pada Rubik Revenge
Abstrak: Rubik cube is a kind of puzzle game. A player must arrange rubik sides, which have been disordered, back to the position where every side has the same colour. This paper does not focus on the settlement solution, but instead on proving the existence of a group homomorphism between rubik movement group and S96 symmetric permutation group in rubik revenge. Firstly, it has been proved that rubik movement set is a group. Then, it also has been proved that the M set, which contains numeric labels of 1 until 96 in cubinos sides, is S96 symmetric permutation group.
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