Judul: Biological Characteristics of Jatropha curcas Trimonoecious
Abstrak: Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) is an original plant from tropical America belonging to the family of Euphorbiaceae and an annual plant of monoecious. Commonly J.curcas have male and female flowers on the same plant. There are currently some J. curcas which have hermaphrodite flowers from monoecious plants, but very rarely. J. curcas with hermaphrodite flowers are classified as andromonoecious type (having hermaphrodite and male in the same plant) and trimonoecious type (having male, female, and hermaphrodite flowers in the plant). Trimonoecious plants with hermaphrodite flowers were tend to perform self-pollination (geitonogamy) and produce a homogenous and high-productivity in next generation. J. curcas plants is difficult in differentiating between monoecious and trimonoecious plants when it seedling, and this is a limiting factor to know development of trimonoecious J. curcas. Trimonoecious J.curcas can be identified after six months of planting, and when it have started flowering. Therefore, the trimonoecious J. curcas biological characteristics needs to be an observation. The trimonoecious trait in J. curcas plants can be identified through several analyses, i.e. the analysis of agronomical characteristics, the chromosomes analysis, the isozyme analysis, and the analysis of pollen viability. The study was conducted in December 2011 - February 2013. The experiments were conducted using the Randomized Complete Block Design for one factor, the J. curcas genotype with 5 replicates. Each unit of the experiment consisted of 5 plants. Aagronomics characteristic analyses were conducted using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% level. The classification of heritability and Genetic Variation Coefficient (GVC) criteria and relative Phenotypic Variation Coefficient (PVC). The analysis of genetic distance clustering was done using the Minitab 1.5 program clustering method. J. curcas stem trimonoecious characters is the primary branches angle, stem diameter, number of primary and secondary branches have a higher size than monoecious plants. Diameter and thickness fruit flesh origins from monoecious plants larger than fruit from plants trimonoecious. Characteristics of the trimonoecious plants in this study were almost the same with their mother plant. Number chromosomes number of J. curcas plant genotypes have 2n = 22 chromosomes The average length of the trimonoecious plant’s chromosome was longer than the average for monoecious plants. The length of chromosomes can differ among one family, even though the numbers of the chromosomes are similar. Isozymes peroxidase (Rf 0.83) and esterase (Rf 0.20) could be used as markers to differentiate between trimonoecious and monoecious plants. Male flower pollen viability of plant origin trimonoecious have a slower rate of decrease than male flowers monoecious plants. The dendrogram from the cluster analysis results could differentiate between trimonoecious and monoecious plants with a variation coefficient of 27.25.
Keyword: Esterase, peroxidase, pollen viability, trimonoecious

Judul: Genetic Evaluation of Yield Potential and Other Important Characters in Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) to Support High Yielding Variety Development
Abstrak: To develop high yielding varieties of physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.), an important oil producing crop needed to support development of renewable energy resources program in Indonesia requires genetic evaluation of the germplasm. The collected genetic data are important for designing the appropriate Jatropha breeding program. The objectives of this research were to evaluate: 1) morphological and yield potential performances of selected J. curcas genotypes, 2) genetic variance and heritabilities of important characters and their correlation with yield, 3) combining ability of selected genotypes and their heterotic values, 4) existence of inbreeding and outbreeding depression, and 5) inheritance of hermaphrodite flower characters of monoecious and tri-monoecious parent types. Results of the experiment indicated that 60 J. curcas genotypes evaluated exhibited a wide variation in number of branches, days to flowering, number of inflorescences, bunches, fruits and nuts per plant. Number of branches, inflorescences and bunches were positively correlated with number of fruits and nuts per plant while days to flowering was negatively correlated with all generative characters. The ten selected genotypes exhibited high phenotypic variation in number of branches, days to flowering, number of inflorescences, bunches and fruits. The coefficient of variation (CV) for all of these characters were generally > 20 %. Days to flowering, number of inflorescences, bunches and fruits exhibited wide genotypic variation with genetic variability coefficients (GVC) as high as 21,89; 29,77; 32,08; and 33,75, respectively. They also showed a wide genetic variability (2g > 2 2g) and high broad sense heritability (h2bs  50). Therefore, days to flowering, number of inflorescences, bunches and fruits could be used as selection parameters. Moreover, number of total branches was especially usefull since it showed positive correlation to a number of yield component character. The ten selected parents exhibited different values of combining ability and they all had DGU/DGK > 1. Such value indicated a greater additive gene effects than the non-additive ones. High yielding genotypes, such as 3012-1 and PT 15-1, generally exhibited high GCA for a number of characters (days to flowering, width of canopy, number of total branches, inflorescences, and fruits) while medium yielding genotypes, such as PT 33-2, exhibited high GCA only for number of inflorescences, total branches, and fruits characters. Those three promising genotypes could be selected and used as a base population to develop high yielding synthetic J. curcas variety with the characteristics of early flowering. Results of the experiment also demonstrated that crossing among high and medium yielding parents were able to potentially produce very high yielding progenies. Depending on the observed characters, either selfing or outcrossing may results in depression in several F1 populations. Outbreeding depression reduced up to 31 – 76 % of fruit numbers yielded per plant. In the last experiment, hermaphrodite flower occured mostly at 6 months after sowing and the frequencies it occurrences ranged from 7-83 % of the total flowers. Hermaphrodite flowers of tri-monoecious plant exhibited better fruit set than that of monoecious. Hermaphrodite flowers exhibited higher fruit set (average: 80 %) than those of female flowers (average: 50 %), respectively. Hermaphrodite flowers were not maternally inherited and
Keyword: Andro-monoecious

Judul: Peluang Partikel Plasma Berada Pada Dimensi Debye Akibat Gangguan Gelombang Elektromagnetik dengan Menggunakan Persamaan Schrödinger
Abstrak: The solution of Schrodinger equations with plasma Coulomb potential in spherical coordinat results solution wave function and energy plasma particle. Electron probability density at Debye length with thermal effect same as ion, which indicates plasma in neutral state. Electromagnetic waves perturbation of an electric field given to result wave function perturbation system. The probability density of plasma particle due to electromagnetic waves perturbation is the largest when an electromagnetic waves frequency 1.41 times the plasma frequency .
Keyword: Schrödinger, plasma, electromagnetic wave