Judul: Pengembangan Wilayah Berbasis Pendekatan Sosial Budaya dan Ekonomi di Kabupaten Barru Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan
Abstrak: Penelitian ini mencoba membangun sinergitas positif antara aspek sosial budaya dengan aspek ekonomi untuk mendukung pembangunan. Keterpaduan kedua aspek ini menjadi kekuatan bagi Kabupaten Barru untuk mengembangkan wilayahnya secara mandiri demi terciptanya kesejahteraan masyarakat yang merata. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) Menganalisis perkembangan wilayah Kabupaten Barru berbasis sosial budaya, (2) Menganalisis perkembangan wilayah Kabupaten Barru berbasis ekonomi wilayah, (3) Menyusun strategi pengembangan wilayah Kabupaten Barru berbasis aspek sosial budaya dan ekonomi. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif, analisis indeks kapital sosial, analisis statistik uji kruskall wallis, indeks Entropi, indeks Williamson, indeks Theil, indeks Gini, analisis Skalogram, analisis Location Quotient, analisis Shift Share. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Barru. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, untuk tingkat perkembangan wilayah Kabupaten Barru berbasis sosial budaya belum berkembang dengan baik, terlihat dari: (1) Terjadi akulturasi budaya antara suku Bugis yang merupakan suku mayoritas dengan suku lain. Akulturasi budaya ini menciptakan keharmonisan dan kerukunan di dalam masyarakat. Keharmonisan dan kerukunan ini kemudian menjadi kapital sosial bagi masyarakat Kabupaten Barru. Namun, kekuatan kapital sosial ini terpisah dari proses pembangunan formal. Ini mengindikasikan belum teraktualisasikannya nilai-nilai, norma-norma dalam proses pembangunan. (2) Kelembagaan lokal Kabupaten Barru berupa tata nilai dan norma meliputi budaya Siri‟ masih terjaga dengan kuat dalam lingkungan masyarakat. Begitupun dengan nilai-nilai kearifan lokal. Akan tetapi kelembagaan lokal berupa institusi tata pemerintahan dalam hal ini Pemerintah desa beserta perangkatnya yaitu BPD dan LKD kinerjanya masih rendah. (3) Penyelenggaraan pembangunan desa selama ini tidak benar-benar melibatkan partisipasi masyarakat, seperti Musyawarah Pembangunan Desa (Musrembangdes). Sedangkan untuk tingkat perkembangan wilayah Kabupaten Barru berbasis ekonomi juga belum berkembang dengan baik, ditunjukkan oleh : (1) Secara umum perkembangan proporsi keragaman sektor perekonomian di Kabupaten Barru cukup baik, meskipun tidak banyak mengalami perubahan, (2) Tingginya tingkat kesenjangan pemerataan pendapatan penduduk di Kabupaten Barru. Dari tiga tipologi wilayah yang menjadi wilayah penelitian, dataran tinggi yang tertinggi kesenjangan penduduknya, disusul dataran rendah dan kemudian pesisir, (3) Adanya disparitas wilayah yang terjadi akibat tidak meratanya aktivitas perekonomian. Juga adanya perbedaan dalam akses terhadap layanan, untuk wilayah dataran tinggi yang akses layanan lebih sulit dicapai dibanding dua wilayah tipologi yaitu pesisir dan dataran rendah. (4) Sektor pertanian yang merupakan sektor unggulan dan menjadi aktivitas perekonomian primer di Kabupaten Barru tidak diimbangi oleh aktivitas sektor industri pengolahan bagi hasil-hasil pertanian. Arahan strategi bagi pengembangan wilayah Kabupaten Barru dibagi atas dua, yaitu arahan strategi berbasis sosial budaya dan ekonomi. Arahan strategi berbasis sosial budaya, yaitu: (1) Pemanfaatan kapital sosial yang dimiliki dalam proses pengembangan wilayah; (2) Meningkatkan nilai kearifan lokal yang bersifat positif dan menekan nilai kearifan lokal yang bersifat negatif; (3) Pengembangan kapasitas pemerintahan di tingkat desa; (4) Mendorong terbangunnya hubungan kerja yang harmonis dan egaliter antara pemerintahan desa dengan organisasi-organisasi masyarakat yang ada sebagai embrio terbentuknya pemerintahan desa yang demokratis; dan (5) Mensinergikan stakeholder dalam setiap proses pembangunan wilayah dari mulai perencanaan, pelaksanaan serta evaluasi. Arahan strategi berbasis ekonomi, yaitu: (1) Perkembangan proporsi keragaman sektor perekonomian disikapi dengan menyusun kebijakan pembangunan ekonomi yang saling berkaitan dan mengembangkan sektor pertanian; (2) Menyusun kebijakan pembangunan yang pro masyarakat desa dengan menitikberatkan pada pembangunan sektor pertanian dan ekonomi pedesaan
Keyword: Ekonomi, Pengembangan Wilayah, Sosial Budaya

Judul: Analisis kerentanan dan determinan kemiskinan berdasarkan karakteristik wilayah di Kabupaten Barru Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan, Analysis of vulnerability and poverty determinant based on regional characteristic in Barru Regency South Sulawesi Province
Abstrak: Poverty is related not only to economic aspect, but also to social, culture, politic and spatial aspect and susceptible to externalities. Islam (2001), said that susceptible can take place because shock in micro level such as illness of wage earner or deathness, and in meso level such as harvest fail, fluctuation of product price, and environment degradation, and in macro level because financial crisis. This study intend to: (i) to identify poor household characteristic according to area tipology; (ii) to analyze the influence of education level, healthy, accessibility, household economic condition, communities participation in development process, and regional aspect to poverty vulnerability; (iii) to analyze the susceptibility level of poor household based on regional characteristics; (iv) to analyze the influence of economic growth, government expenditure, regional genuine income, inflation, sector share to PDRB, and financial crisis, against poverty in Barru Regency. This study used descriptive and quantitative methodologies. Data consists of primary data from survey and interview and secondary data that related to poverty determinant. Sampling was done with multistage area sampling to determine study village i.e. 6 coastal villages, 3 lowland villages and 3 highland villages. The number respondents were 480 households, consists of 240 households from coastal villages, 120 households from lowland villages and 120 from highland villages. Results of the study show that household characteristics were different among region. Household characteristic on highland region were featured by low education level, low health level, limited access to health insurance, low access to formal financial institution, limited access to state electricity, limited access to middle education and limited access to telecomunication compared to household in coastal and lowland region. Furthermore, communities participation level in development process was highest in lowland region, followed by highland region, and the lowest in coastal region. Household vulnerabilities against poverty based micro perspective were influenced by some variables i.e. (i) woman household head; (ii) large amount of family burden; (iii) low education level of household level; (iv) low access to formal financial institution; (v) low health of household head; (vi) limited access to state electricity; (vii) low participation in development process; and (viii) low value of productive assets property. In addition, poverty vulnerability associated with regional aspect, household living in highland region has less vulnerability compare to household living in coastal and lowland region. Moreover, determinant or factors that influence to the decreasing of poor population amount based on macro perspective consists of: (i) government expense on education, health, agriculture, and infrastructure; (ii) PDRB per capita; (iii) increasing contribution of agriculture sector and industrial sector to PDRB; and (iv) policy of fiscal decentralization. Factors that have positive influence against the increasing poor population, consist of (i) increasing area native income; (ii) increasing price of product and service (GDP_ deflator); and (iii) monetary crisis. Based on simulation of poverty reduction policy, there are three macro agendas that strategically can accelerate poverty reduction in Barru Regency. The three macro agendas are (i) increasing public expenditure to education, health, agriculture, and infrastructure; (ii) increasing productivity of agriculture sector, (iii) increasing productivity of industry sector; (iv) economic growth with equity;
Keyword: 

Judul: Pengukuran Jantung Kelinci New Zealand White (Oryctolagus cuniculus) dengan Radiografi Toraks
Abstrak: This research was conducted to evaluate radiographs heart size of anaesthetized New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) under different combination of ketamine and xylazine. The rabbits were divided into three groups. Group A were anaesthetized using a 35 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg combination of ketamine and xylazine (n=5). Group B were anaesthetized using a 40 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg combination of ketamine and xylazine (n=3) while group C were anaesthetized using 45 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg combination of ketamine and xylazine (n=3). Parameter of observation from left laterolateral view were: 1) the apicobasilar length of the heart (AB), 2) the width of the heart (CD), 3) the distance between the cranial edge of the fifth rib and the caudal edge of the seventh rib perpendicular to the spine (R5-7), and 4) the vertical depth of the toraks (H). Parameter of observation from dorsoventral view were: 1) the length of the heart (L), 2) the width of the heart (W), and 3) the width of the thorax (T). The result from the heart parameters observation that were measured in left laterolateral view and dorsoventral view shows theres no significantly differ among the groups (P > 0.05). The vertebrae heart size (VHS) values obtained from the sum of the length of the long and the short axes on left laterolateral view. The long axes mean values (A) were 4.35±0.26 v and the short axes mean values (B) were 3.59±0.30 v, therefore VHS mean values were 7.94±0.49 v. On the dorsoventral view, the length of the heart mean values (L) were 4.32±0.29 cm, the width of the heart mean values (W) were 3.33±0.26 cm, and the width of the thorax mean values (T) were 5.85±0.30 cm. In normal conditions, the width of the heart should be less than two-thirds the width of the thorax and values obtained of 3.33<3.72 it shows that the heart is in the normal range. The best ratio to calculated the normal heart dimension in the left laterolateral view was compared the long axes with the vertical depth of the thorax, whereas in dorsoventral view, the length of the heart was compared with the width of the heart.
Keyword: