Judul: Gambaran darah kadal kebun (Eutropis multifasciata) yang ditangkap di alam bebas
Abstrak: Darah adalah jaringan ikat yang terdiri atas beberapa jenis sel yang tersuspensi dalam matriks cairan yang disebut plasma. Profil gambaran darah kadal kebun yang ditangkap di alaln bebas dapat digunakan sebagai indikator kesehatan dan membangun data dasar hematologi reptil. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui gambaran darah kadal kebun yang ditangkap di alam bebas. Darah diambil dengan teknik kardiosentesis dalam kondisi kadal terbius, selanjutnya dianalisis kadar hemoglobin (Hb), Hematoknit (PCV), jumlah eritrosit, jumlah leukosit, dan diferensiasi leukosit. Dan hasil perhitungan diperoleh nilai Hb berkisar antara 2,1-9,8 g%, nilai PCV 5,76-37%, jumlah BDM 290.000 2.100.000, jumlah BDP 109.35-726.100. Kandungan Hb per sel darah (MCH) berkisar antara 3,41x10-1,58x10 pg, volume rata-rata butir darah merah (MCV) berkisar antara 0,Ol-0,06 pm3 dan perbandingan konsentrasi Hb dengan volun~ee ritrosit dalam seluruh darah( MCHC) berkisar antara 0,15-0,38%. Persentase limfosit betina yang diperoleh adalah 48,38%, motlosit 5,46%, neutrofil 7,92%, eosinofil 23,15%, basofil 13,23% sedangkan pada jantan persentase limfosit yang diperoleh adalah 54,8676, non nos it 4,92%, neutrofil 6,5076, eosinofil 22,2176 dan basofil l2,86%.
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Judul: Gambaran darah pada beberapa spesies reptil ordo squamata
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran darah pada hewan reptil yang ditangkap dari alam bebas. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Oktober 2002 sampai Januari 2003 bertempat di Laboratorium Zoologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Sampel yang digunakan terdiri atas lima spesies, yaitu biawak (Varanus monitor), bunglon (Calotes cristatellus), kadal (Mabouya multifasciata), taki (Takydroma sexlineatus) dan tokek (Gecko gecko). Pengambilan darah dilakukan dengan teknik kardiocentesis kecuali biawak melalui ekor. Darah dianalisis untuk lima pemeriksaan, yaitu analisis hemoglobin (Hb), nilai hematokrit (PVC), penghitungan sel darah merah, penghitungan sel darah putih dan diferensiasi sel darah putih. Dari semua reptil yang dianalisis diperoleh nilai Hb 6-11,4g%, nilai hematokrit (PVC) 23-40%, jumlah butir darah merah 360.000-5.150.000 dan butir darah putih 12840-401150, dst
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Judul: The Construction of Greedy SVP LLL Algorithm
Abstrak: A lattice is a set of all integer linear combination of a set of linearly independent vectors in ℝ𝑛���. The independent vectors are called bases of lattice. Any lattice can be generated from many bases, and these bases have the same cardinality. In the lattice, the most fundamental and renowned problem is the Shortest Vector Problem (SVP). SVP is a tracking problem of the shortest nonzero vector in a lattice with equivalent bases. In two dimensions, SVP problem has resolved exactly by Gauss’ algorithm. When the lattice dimension is higher than two, A.K. Lenstra, H.W. Lenstra and L. Lovasz gave a LLL algorithm to compute approximation of nonzero shortest vector in the lattice. Reduced bases solution obtained from LLL algorithm still be an approximation and has polynomial running time of arbitrary dimension which large enough. In 1994, Schnoor and Euchner modified this LLL algorithm as a new variant which later was named deep insertion LLL algorithm. This algorithm is a modified version of the LLL algorithm to the terms of the exchange step to improve the accuracy of output of LLL reduced bases and applying it to the subset sum problem. The purpose of this research are: (1) Reconstruct the LLL algorithm and deep insertion LLL algorithm using a geometric approach. (2) Construct a greedy SVP LLL algorithm. (3) Implement the three algorithms in a symbolic programming language, and evaluate them experimentally. A bases ℬ=[𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑛���] in ℝ𝑚��� is called reduced LLL with parameter 𝛿��� if satisfies: (a) |𝜇���𝑗���𝑖���|≤12, for every integer 𝑖���,𝑗��� with 1≤𝑖���<𝑗���<𝑛���. (b)𝛿���‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���)‖2≤‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���+1)‖2, for 𝑗���=1,2,…,𝑛���−1,where 𝛿��� is a reduced parameter of real numbers with 14<𝛿���<1. The first requirement is the reduced basis 𝛿��� must “nearly orthogonal” and in its computation case, this requirement can be reached out by using the Gram-Schmidt’s orthogonalization. While the second requirement is called exchange step, or used to called as Lovasz condition. By using both of these requirements, then they establish the LLL algorithm. Then, Schnoor and Euchner modify the LLL algorithm based on the requirements of the exchange step called the deep insertion LLL algorithm, where the exchange step is based on the comparison of the projected vector in orthogonal complement [𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑘���−1]⊥ after j-th reduction. To construct greedy SVP LLL algorithm, the requirements of the exchange step is based on purely by comparing norm of lattice 𝐛���𝑗��� with norm lattice 𝐛���𝑖��� for 𝑖���=1,2,3…,𝑗���−1. The process of insertion reduced vector after the exchange step also has done greedily. Then, we calculate the number of arithmetic operation in greedy SVP LLL algorithm for further analysis. The result of our exprimentation for three algorithms on the certain matrix size shows that the running time of the three algorithms increases propotional to the size of the matrix. The result also shows that by using 𝛿���=34 for the LLL algorithm and the deep insertion LLL algorithm, and the greedy SVP LLL algorithm which is a new variant made by using no parameter of 𝛿���, outperform of the other of two previous algorithm in terms of speed with the same output.
Keyword: LLL algorithm, LLL deep insertion algorithm, greedy SVP LLL algorithm