Judul: Analisis Penambahan Oksigen pada Bahan Bakar dan Intake Mesin terhadap Performa dan Emisi Gas Buang Mesin Diesel
Abstrak: Mesin diesel masih banyak digunakan pada berbagai sektor seperti transportasi, industri, dan pertanian dikarenakan berbagai keunggulannya. Perkembangan jumlah penduduk hingga kebutuhan manusia pun berbanding lurus dengan penggunaan mesin diesel dimana hal tersebut menjadi penyebab masalah pencemaran udara yang semakin meningkat. Penambahan oksigen pada bahan bakar dengan menggunakan Ultra Fine Bubble serta penambahan oksigen ke katup intake berpotensi meningkatkan efektivitas pembakaran pada mesin diesel karena kandungan oksigen yang menjadikan reaksi pembakaran menjadi sempurna. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan membandingkan hasil performa serta emisi pada bahan bakar B0 dan B35 setelah dilakukan dua perlakuan tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen dan dilakukan dua pengujian, yaitu uji karakteristik bahan bakar dan uji kinerja. Kedua perlakuan menghasilkan performa yang meningkat dan kandungan emisi CO, SO2, NOx, dan HC yang menurun. Perlakuan penambahan oksigen ke katup intake lebih efektif daripada penambahan oksigen ke bahan bakar., Diesel engines are still widely used in various sectors such as transportation, industry, and agriculture due to their various advantages. The development of the population to human needs is directly proportional to the use of diesel engines which is the cause of the increasing air pollution problem. The addition of oxygen to the fuel using Ultra Fine Bubble and the addition of oxygen to the intake valve has the potential to increase the effectiveness of combustion in diesel engines due to the oxygen content which makes the combustion reaction perfect. This study aims to determine and compare the results of performance and emissions on B0 and B35 fuels after the two treatments. The research was conducted using the experimental method and two tests were carried out, namely the fuel characteristics test and the performance test. Both treatments resulted in increased performance and decreased CO, SO2, NOx, and HC emission content. The treatment of adding oxygen to the intake valve is more effective than adding oxygen to the fuel.
Keyword: Performance, Exhaust Gas Emissions, Diesel Engine, Oxygen Addition, Ultra Fine Bubble

Judul: Analysis of Effect Addition Oxygen at Intake Suction on the Performance Engine Diesel on Two-Wheeled Tractor
Abstrak: Motor diesel memiliki daya dan efisiensi termal yang besar. Namun dalam penggunaannya masih terdapat masalah pembakaran yang kurang sempurna sehingga mengakibatkan daya berkurang dan konsumsi bahan bakar meningkat. Di satu sisi, produksi minyak bumi di Indonesia menurun setiap tahunnya. Oksigen berperan penting dalam pembakaran serta meningkatkan stabilitas pembakaran sempurna terjadi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian bertujuan menguji dan membandingkan kinerja motor diesel dengan penambahan oksigen pada udara intake. Penggunaan oksigen konsentrator sebagai penambah oksigen dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian dilakukan dengan dua perlakuan, kondisi normal dan penambahan oksigen. Variasi penambahan oksigen terdiri dari 1 lpm, 3 lpm, dan 5 lpm. Pengujian dilakukan tiga kali pengulangan pada setiap perlakuan. Parameter penelitian terdiri dari torsi, daya, rpm, laju konsumsi, dan sfc. Hasil penelitian membuktikan adanya pengaruh penambahan oksigen terhadap kinerja motor diesel traktor roda dua. Torsi meningkat 15% dari 1019,2 Nm menjadi 1176 Nm, Daya maksimum meningkat 16% dari 4,20 kW menjadi 4,87 kW, sedangkan sfc minimum menurun 18% dari 450,85 gr/kW-h menjadi 369,5 gr/kW-h. Kata kunci: Motor diesel, Penambahan Oksigen, Kinerja, Diesel engines have great power and thermal efficiency. However, in used there is still the problem of incomplete combustion resulting in reduced power and increased fuel consumption. On the one hand, crude oil production in Indonesia is declining every year. Oxygen plays an important thing in combustion and increases the stability of complete combustion occurs. Therefore, this research aims to test and compare the performance of diesel engines with addition oxygen in the intake air. Oxygen concentrator as an addition oxygen in the research. The research was conducted with two treatments, normal conditions and addition oxygen. Variation addition oxygen consists of 1 lpm, 3 lpm, and 5 lpm. The test was repeated three times for each treatment. The research parameters consist of torque, power, rpm, consumption rate, and sfc. The results proved the effect adding oxygen to performance of two-wheeled tractor diesel engine. Torque increased by 15% from 1019,2 Nm to 1176 Nm, maximum power increased by 16% from 4,20 kW to 4,87 kW, while minimum sfc decreased by 18% from 450,85 gr/kW-h to 369,5 gr/kW h. Keywords: Engine diesel, Addition Oxygen, Performance
Keyword: engine diesel, performance, addition oxygen, performansi, penambahan oksigen, motor diesel

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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