Judul: Daily Behavior of Southern White Rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum ssp. simum) Calf Post-birth in Taman Safari Bogor
Abstrak: Pengamatan perilaku harian pada anak badak putih selatan (Ceratotherium simum spp. simum) dapat membantu dalam manajemen perawatan satwa di penangkaran. Pengamatan dilakukan 24 jam selama 4 bulan. Data perilaku diambil dari penjaga satwa di Taman Safari Indonesia Bogor dan diolah menggunakan perangkat lunak microsoft excel. Data akan disajikan dalam bentuk diagram batang untuk persentase total dari seluruh aktivitas dan dalam bentuk histogram untuk persentase tiap aktivitas dengan interval per dua jam. Hasil pengolahan data menunjukkan bahwa persentase tertinggi berada pada perilaku tidur (61,6%) diikuti dengan perilaku jalan dan lari (29,8%), perilaku menyusu (3,3%), perilaku makan (3,1%), perilaku lainnya (1,9%), perilaku urinasi (0,2%) dan perilaku defekasi (0,1%). Perilaku lainnya merupakan perilaku berkubang, bermain lumpur, berjemur, dan menggesekkan tubuh. Badak merupakan hewan diurnal sehingga persentase aktivitas selain tidur dan menyusu lebih tinggi pada pagi ke sore hari. Namun, aktivitas anak badak juga dapat dipengaruhi oleh jadwal keluar dan masuk ke kandang serta jadwal pemberian pakan di penangkaran., Daily behavior observation of southern white rhinoceros calf (Ceratotherium simum spp. simum) can help in animal care management in captivity. Observations were carried out 24 hours for 4 months. Behavioral data was taken from animal keepers at Taman Safari Indonesia Bogor and processed using Microsoft Excel software. Data will be presented in the form of a bar chart for the total percentage of all activities and in the form of a histogram for the percentage of each activity at two-hour intervals. The results of data processing show that the highest percentage is in sleeping behavior (61,6%), followed by walking and running behavior (29,8%), suckling behavior (3,3%), eating behavior (3,1%), other behavior (1,9%), urination behavior (0,2%) and defecation behavior (0,1%). Other behaviors include wallowing, playing in mud, sunbathing, and body rubbing. Rhinos are diurnal animals so the percentage of activity other than sleeping and suckling is higher from morning to evening. However, the activity of a rhino calf can also be influenced by the schedule for leaving and entering the enclosure as well as the feeding schedule in captivity.
Keyword: activity duration percentage, daily behavior, ex situ conservation, southern white rhinoceros

Judul: Perilaku berkubang badak jawa (Rhinoceros sondaicus) di Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon
Abstrak: As one of the very rare and critically endangered species, Javan rhinoceros currently has a population of around 40-50 heads and can only be found in Ujung Kulon National Park. However, these numbers are still questionable due to the lack of description provided by the existing methods in estimating the entire population of Javan rhinoceros in the Ujung Kulon peninsula. The Javan rhinoceros timid nature, high alertness, and tendency to avoid direct contact with human and other wildlife are the factors that complicate the estimation of population. These factors make the Javan rhinoceros difficult to find and to track. Therefore, it is necessary to use methods that can describe the entire population of Javan rhinoceros and minimize the possibility of double counting without the need of direct encounters with the species. One method that can be used is the video trap data analysis method. The objective of this research was to obtain information on the time and duration of Javan rhinoceros wallowing activities, the patterns and mechanisms of Javan rhinoceros wallowing activities, and the types of activity of Javan rhinoceros during wallowing. The results of this study is expected to become useful as basic information and reference to the inventory of Javan rhinoceros population by using Javan rhinoceros wallows as points of observation. Javan rhinoceros tend to wallow in the day which is indicated by each of the video clips, where 58.33% of the wallowing takes place during the day while 41.67% at night. The longest duration of the adult male wallowing activity takes place at night with a percentage of 33,11%, while the mother and the young males tend to wallow during the day with percentage of 38,41% and 28,97%. The activity during wallowing with the longest duration is resting with a percentage of 45.96% for adult males, while the activity with the shortest duration is slow running with the duration of 7 seconds for young males with a percentage of 0.9% of the time. The most varied of activities during wallowing was noticed for male adults which tend to wallow at nigt, while the longest duration of varied activities during wallowing in the day was noticed for young males and their mothers. From the 5 types of Javan rhinoceros behavior analyzed, resting activitiy during wallowing was the behavior with the highest frequency and percentage (14 times; 29.17%) for adult males, while the behavior with the smallest frequency and percentage was social behavior such as slow running activity (young males) and horn scraping activity (females) with a frequency of 1 time and the percentage of 2.08%.
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Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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