Judul: Development of Rapid Viability Test Using Urine Sugar Analysis Paper for Peanut Seed (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Abstrak: Benih bermutu sangat penting untuk meningkatkan produksi dan mutu kacang tanah. Pengujian mutu benih dapat dilakukan secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan metode pengujian viabilitas secara tidak langsung pada benih kacang tanah menggunakan Urine Sugar Analysis Paper (USAP). Percobaan diawali dengan pembuatan lot benih menggunakan perlakuan penyimpanan selama dua bulan dengan perlakuan beberapa kemasan. Percobaan disusun dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan faktor jenis kemasan yaitu aluminium foil, plastik polypropylene, plastik polyethylene, kertas, dan tanpa kemasan. Lot dengan viabilitas tertinggi dan terendah digunakan untuk percobaan USAP tahap 1. Percobaan USAP tahap 1 dilakukan untuk menentukan metode terbaik dari kombinasi perlakuan ukuran pemotongan benih dan lama perendaman yang disusun menggunakan RAL. Perlakuan ukuran pemotongan benih yaitu benih utuh, dibelah dua, dan dipotong enam. Perlakuan lama perendaman yaitu 0, 3, 6, dan 9 jam. Parameter yang diamati pada USAP yaitu glukosa, protein, dan massa jenis. Metode terbaik digunakan untuk menguji menggunakan USAP pada seluruh lot benih hasil penyimpanan pada tahap 2 USAP. Hasil pengujian didapatkan metode terbaik yaitu ukuran pemotongan benih potong enam pada lama perendaman 6 jam. Parameter protein dan massa jenis dapat membedakan lot benih viabilitas tinggi dan rendah serta berkorelasi positif terhadap uji daya hantar listrik. Kebocoran glukosa tidak terdeteksi sehingga tidak dapat digunakan untuk uji viabilitas dan vigor benih., Quality seeds are very important to increase the production and quality of peanuts. Seed quality testing can be done directly or indirectly. The purpose of this research is to develop an indirect viability testing method for peanut seeds using Urine Sugar Analysis Paper (USAP). The experiment was started by making seed lots using storage treatment. Seeds are stored for two months with the treatment of several packages. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with packaging type factors including aluminum foil, polypropylene plastic, polyethylene plastic, paper, and without packaging. The lots with the highest and lowest viability were used for the USAP stage 1 experiment. The USAP stage 1 experiment was carried out to determine the best method from a combination of treatments of seed cutting size and soaking time prepared using CRD. The treatment of seed cutting size was whole seed, halved, and cut into six. The long immersion treatments were 0, 3, 6, and 9 hours. The parameters observed in the USAP were glucose, protein, and density. The best method was used to test all seed lots at stage 2 of the USAP. The test results showed that the best method was the size of cutting the seeds into six pieces at 6 hours of soaking time. Protein and density parameters can distinguish high and low viability seed lots and have a positive correlation with the electrical conductivity test. Glucose leaks were not detected so they could not be used for seed viability and vigor tests.
Keyword: glucose, protein, specific gravity, storage, vigor

Judul: Development of Rapid Viability Test Method for Long Bean (Vigna sinensis L.) Seed Using Urine Sugar Analysis Paper
Abstrak: Kacang panjang merupakan komoditas dengan permintaan benih yang tinggi sehingga perlu dikembangkan metode pengujian viabilitas yang cepat dan murah. Urine sugar analysis paper (USAP) merupakan kertas yang mampu menganalisis kandungan glukosa, protein, dan pH dalam suatu larutan. Penelitian bertujuan mengembangkan metode pengujian viabilitas benih kacang panjang (Vigna sinensis L.) secara cepat menggunakan USAP pada tingkat viabilitas dan vigor yang berbeda dari hasil pengusangan cepat. Percobaan terdiri atas dua tahap, tahap 1 pembuatan lot benih menggunakan pengusangan cepat fisik. Data dianalisis menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) satu faktor yaitu lama pengusangan dengan 6 taraf: 0, 24, 48, 72, 96, dan 120 jam. Tahap 2 adalah menentukan lama perendaman benih yang tepat dalam menguji perbedaan kebocoran glukosa, protein, dan pH hasil pengusangan tahap 1 menggunakan USAP. Perlakuan lama perendaman tahap 2 yaitu 3, 6, dan 9 jam. Hasil tahap 1 dan 2 dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi dan regresi sederhana untuk mengetahui hubungan antara keduanya. Pengembangan uji viabilitas menggunakan USAP berdasarkan indikator glukosa dapat membedakan benih viabilitas tinggi dan rendah dengan lama perendaman efektif varietas Sabrina adalah 3 jam dan varietas Persada 35 adalah 6 dan 9 jam. Perbedaan viabilitas dan vigor tidak terdeteksi berdasarkan indikator protein dan pH., Long bean is a commodity with high demand of seed so it’s necessary to develop rapid and cheap viability testing. Urine sugar analysis paper (USAP) is paper to analyze glucose content, protein and pH in a solution. This research aimed to develop rapid viability and vigor test method of long beans (Vigna sinensis L.) using USAP on several levels of viability and vigor created by accelerated aging. The experiment was conducted on two steps, first is making seed lots using physical accelerated aging. Data analyzed using single factor completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 levels of accelerated aging period i.e. 0, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours. The second step is determining convenient soaking period of seeds for testing the differences in glucose leakage, protein, and pH from first step using USAP. Soaking period that used i.e. 3, 6, and 9 hours. The results from first and second step were analyzed using correlation and simple regression test to find out the correlation between the two. Development of viability test using USAP based on glucose indicator can distinguish high and low viability seeds with effective soaking period for Sabrina variety was 3 hours and Persada 35 variety was 6 and 9 hours. The differences in viability and vigor can’t be detected based on protein and pH indicators.
Keyword: accelerated aging, glucose, pH, protein, vigor

Judul: Grup dan Homomorfisma Grup pada Rubik Revenge
Abstrak: Rubik cube is a kind of puzzle game. A player must arrange rubik sides, which have been disordered, back to the position where every side has the same colour. This paper does not focus on the settlement solution, but instead on proving the existence of a group homomorphism between rubik movement group and S96 symmetric permutation group in rubik revenge. Firstly, it has been proved that rubik movement set is a group. Then, it also has been proved that the M set, which contains numeric labels of 1 until 96 in cubinos sides, is S96 symmetric permutation group.
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