Judul: Biologi Reproduksi Ikan Tongkol (Euthynnus affinis Cantor, 1849) di Perairan Selat Sunda
Abstrak: Ikan tongkol (Euthynnus affinis) atau yang dikenal dengan nama ikan tongkol kurik atau ikan tongkol komo merupakan salah satu ikan pelagis yang termasuk dalam family Scombridae. Ikan ini merupakan salah satu potensi sumberdaya ekonomis di Perairan Selat Sunda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis aspek biologi reproduksi ikan tongkol (Euthynnus affinis) di perairan Selat Sunda. Pengambilan ikan contoh dilakukan pada bulan Mei-September 2016 di PPP Labuan, Banten, dan Juli-Agustus 2016 di PPP Lempasing, Lampung. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengambilan ikan contoh adalah penarikan contoh acak berlapis (PCAB). Rasio kelamin ikan tongkol jantan dan betina berdasarkan uji Chi square di PPP Labuan adalah 1,59 sedangkan di PPP Lempasing 1,40. Ikan tongkol di Selat Sunda menunjukkan pola pertumbuhan isometrik. Puncak pemijahan ikan tongkol diduga pada bulan Agustus dengan tipe pemijahan total spawaner. Fekunditas ikan tongkol berkisar 8 000-1 781 450 butir telur.
Keyword: Biologi reproduksi, ikan tongkol (Euthynnus affinis), Perairan Selat Sunda

Judul: Biologi Reproduksi Ikan Tongkol (Euthynnus Affinis Cantor, 1849) Di Perairan Selat Sunda
Abstrak: Ikan tongkol (Euthynnus affinis) merupakan salah satu potensi sumberdaya ikan ekonomis yang ada di perairan Selat Sunda. Penelitian ini dilakukan dari bulan April sampai Agustus 2015 di PPP Labuan, Banten. Ikan tongkol yang diukur selama penelitian berjumlah 746 ekor. Hubungan panjang bobot ikan tongkol diperoleh dengan persamaan W= 0,0038L3,2131 serta menunjukkan nilai R2 sebesar 97%. Pola pertumbuhan adalah allometrik positif, artinya pertumbuhan bobot lebih dominan dibandingkan pertumbuhan panjang. Rata-rata faktor kondisi ikan tongkol betina yaitu 1,0972 sedangkan ikan tongkol jantan yaitu 1,1203. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa badan ikan tersebut berbentuk kurang pipih. Jumlah telur berkisar dari 17815 sampai 560793 butir telur. Ukuran pertama kali matang gonad sebesar 205-210 mm (betina) dan 403-410 mm (jantan). Periode pemijahan terjadi pada bulan Juli sampai Agustus dengan tipe pemijahan total spawner.
Keyword: biologi reproduksi, ikan tongkol (Euthynnus affinis), selat sunda

Judul: Development of Face Recognition Model using Bi-2DPCA and Support Vector Machine
Abstrak: The human face is always used in the application of access control systems, identity authentication systems, surveillance systems and security systems. Some researh on face recognition has been proposed with a variety of methods, such as Eigen Faces, Fisher’s Linear Discriminant, Bayesian Networks, Neural Networks,Hidden Markov Model, and so on. But all the above mentioned methods have limitations, such as dealing with the size of the image and lighting and learning time are too long. In a study to obtain an alternative method for face recognition, Le TH and Bui L (2011) conducted research model of face recognition with Two- DimensionalPrincipal Component Analysis (2DPCA) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) using AT&T face image data. The results of these studies that the accuracy of face recognition use 2DPCA and SVM was 97.3% and PCA-SVM was 95.2%. Then in 2010, Bi-2DPCA uses as alternative method of face recognition performed by Yang J et al. (2010). In a study comparing methods of Bi-2DPCA, 2DPCA and PCA. The conclusion that the use of Bi-2DPCA generating and computational accuracy was better than 2DPCA and PCA Based on research conducted by Le TH and Bui L (2011) and Yang J et al. (2010), conducted research for the development of models of face recognition using dimension reduction technique Bi-2DPCA and Support Vector Machine (SVM) as pattern recognition. 1DPCA and 2DPCA dimension reduction technique are used as comparison measure dimensions and computing time than using Bi-2DPCA technique. To help SVM in recognizing human faces, SVM use linear, polynomial and radial basis function (RBF) kernel function. When using RBF kernel, used for the RBF kernel, the parameter for sigma is 2-15 up to 23 and the value of C starting from 2-5 up to 214 which have been used in a study conducted by Le TH and Bui L (2011). Facial image data used are taken from the ORL Face Database AT&T Laboratory, which contain 40 faces, each face with 10 images, and total of image 400 pieces. Validation is done by Leave-One-Out (LOO) cross validation, so that for each pair of extraction and classifier method is 10 trials. One against all method used to help SVM in classifying the ORL face data consists of 40 classes, to reduce the computational time. From the results of tests on 36 models of face recognition , Bi-2DPCA85% with the help of a linear kernel generates the highest level of face recognition accuracy of 94.25 %, and the lowest accuracy rate of 24.50 % was obtained with 1DPCA-kernel polynomial ordo 3 . While the lowest computational time of 15.34 seconds when component is used by 85 % computation time and a maximum of 252.68 seconds when component is 95 %. There are several things that could be concluded that: pattern accuracy on each kernel feature extraction are the same. This means that there is no relationship between the feature extraction used by the kernel to the SVM. The second is, in this study SVM cannot classify large dimension data. From the results of tests on 36 models of face recognition, Bi2DPCA85% with the help
Keyword: Face Recognition, Principle Component Analysis, Kernel, Support Vector Machine, Leave-one Out Cross Validation