Judul: Dynamic Floodplain Visualization of Unsteady Flood Models using Geographic Information System (Case Study of Downstream Ciliwung, Jakarta, Indonesia)
Abstrak: Jakarta (also Djakarta or DKI Jakarta) is the capital and the largest city of Indonesia, located on the northwest coast of the island of Java, at 6" 11' S and 106"SO'E. It has an area of 650 km2. Down stream Ciliwung, located in DKI Jakarta, was the focus of study based on the reason that flooding has always been a constant problem to both the immediate residents and the local government. The river reach length used for the hydraulic models, is approximately of 5.09 kilometers. Local planners and decision makers are in need accurate information on the spatial distribution, magnitude and depth of flooding, and on the landuse affected by it. The objectives of this research are: 1) to predict design flood for site along a river and 2) to create dynamic floodplain visualization of Downstream Ciliwung by integrating HEC-RAS hydraulic modeling and Arcview GIs. The results of this study provide information on the unsteady flow hydraulic model method as well as what advantages it has over steady flow hydraulic models. The HEC RAS model's stream geometry was extracted from the digital terrain model, which ensured that the flood plain's extent was fully accounted for. The results of the HEC RAS unsteady flow model were also compared to the HEC RAS steady flow model based on steady flow peak runoff discharge values. The unsteady flow hydraulic madel's maximum water surface elevation was less than the steady flow hydraulic model's water surface elevation because the steady flow hydraulic model assumes peak runoff occurs simultaneously in the individual drainage basins within the watershed, while the unsteady flow model more closely mimics the movement of the flood wave through the drainage area. Flood delineation in the HEC GeoRAS post-processor is simple, but Anhation processing is tedious. This procedure required numerous GIs export file development iterations from the HEC RAS interface. Once accomplishsd, each time step was copied with a screen captured image and pasted into an animation software tool to develop an animated GIF of the flood event. Overall, the results of the research indicate that GIs is an effective environment for floodplain mapping and analysis.
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Judul: Optimasi penggunaan lahan dengan menggunakan model simulasi hidrologi daerah aliran sungai studi kasus di Sub DAS Ciliwung Hulu, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: The flood and drought that almost every year hit in Jakarta is related to the condition of Upper Ciliwung Sub Watershed as a recharge and protection area of Ciliwung Watershed. The high growth of population in the watershed caused increasing land needs and eventually decreasing forested land that supporting the function of recharge and protection of Upper Ciliwung Sub Watershed. Modelling is a way to find alternative measures for solving flood and drought problem in Jakarta. By using a model, behavior of river as the result of land uses changes can be observed without implemented in field, hence it save time and cost. Complicated and interrelated hydrologic processes as well as rapid land uses change requires a model to accomodate those factors with adequate accuracy. Beside using already available models, hidrologic parameter estimation in Upper Ciliwung Sub Watershed has also been done by using self-made model by using model builder software. Rozi (2002) has made a model by using STELLA. In his model, Rozi used monthly time unit that the model can’t be used to observe average daily debit that have potential contribution in causing flood in Jakarta.
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Judul: Karakteristik Kulit Kaki Ayam yang disamak dengan Penyamak Nabati.
Abstrak: Penyamakan nabati merupakan salah satu jenis penyamakan yang mampu menghasilkan kualitas kulit samak yang cukup baik serta dapat mengurangi dampak pencemaran lingkungan dan bahaya kesehatan. Oleh karena itu, penyamakan nabati perlu dilakukan untuk menggantikan penggunaan bahan penyamak krom. Penyamakan nabati dengan menggunakan mimosa dan ekstrak daun jambu biji akan menghasilkan kulit dengan karakteristik yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui level kombinasi penyamak nabati yang terbaik terhadap karakteristik kulit kaki ayam yang disamak. Kontrol menggunakan bahan penyamak kombinasi berupa krom dan mimosa dengan pebandingan konsentrasi 80:20. Bahan penyamak nabati yang digunakan berupa mimosa dan ekstrak daun jambu biji dengan perbandingan konsentrasi 20:80, 40:60 dan 60:40. Setiap perlakuan memiliki 3 kali ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah kekuatan tarik, kemuluran dan kekuatan sobek. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa konsentrasi bahan penyamak nabati berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter. Level kombinasi terbaik dihasilkan oleh kulit dengan konsentrasi bahan penyamak 60:40. Kekuatan tarik yang dihasilkan sebesar 29.051 kg cm-2, kemuluran 31.94% dan kekuatan sobek 19.051 kg cm-1.
Keyword: kulit kaki ayam, penyamakan nabati, tanin