Judul: Insecticidal Activity of Essential Oils Leaves of Cinnamomum spp. (Lauraceae) against Crocidolomia pavonana and Their Phytotoxicity on Broccoli Seedlings
Abstrak: Essential oils from leaves of 13 species of Cinnamomum were tested for their insecticidal activity on the cabbage head caterpillar Crocidolomia pavonana with leaf immerse method. The results showed that the treatment with 1% (w/v) essential oils leaves of C. celebicum, C. multiflorum, C. sintoc, and C. verum caused 21.45, 93.65, 60.30, and 76.10% mortality, respectively. Based on the results of phytotoxicity and insecticidal activity tests, C. multiflorum oil was further tested at 6 concentration levels. In all treatments, larval mortality has occurred at 24 hours after treatment (HAT) and increased at 48 HAT. LC50 of C. multiflorum oil at 24 and 48 HAT was 0.504 and 0.396%, respectively. The treatment with C. multiflorum oil at ≤0.31% did not inhibit the development of C. pavonana larvae. Determination of the chemical constituents of Cinnamomum oils were carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS). Totally, 345 compounds were identified. Methyleugenol constituted the main component (49.4%) of leaf essential oil of C. multiflorum and was assumed to be responsible for the insecticidal activity of the oil against C. pavonana larvae. LC50 of pure methyleugenol obtained at 0.365% (48 HAT) and 0.363% (72 HAT). The results showed that C. multiflorum was more effective with LC50 value equivalent to methyleugenol content of 0.32% (24 HAT) and 0.24% (48 HAT).
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Judul: Aktivitas Insektisida Campuran Ekstrak Buah Piper aduncum (Piperaceae) dan Sapindus rarak (Sapindaceae) terhadap Larva Crocidolomia pavonana
Abstrak: Crocidolomia pavonana is an important pest of Brassicaceous vegetable crops. Piper aduncum and Sapindus rarak fruit extracts are potential for the control of C. pavonana larvae. Insecticidal activity of P. aduncum and S. rarak fruit extracts as well as their mixtures was evaluated against C. pavonana larvae in the laboratory. Ethyl acetate P. aduncum (EtPa) extract as well as methanolic S. rarak (MeSr) and aqueous S. rarak (AqSr) extracts were tested separately and in mixtures against second-instar larvae C. pavonana by a leaf-residue feeding method. In general, mortality of C. pavonana larvae in the treatment with all test extracts increased sharply between 24 and 48 hours after treatment (HAT). Based on LC50 and LC95 at 72 HAT, EtPa extract was about 7.7 and 8.1 times and 14.5 and 12.8 times, respectively, more toxic to C. pavonana larvae than MeSr and AqSr extracts. At LC95 level, EtPa + MeSr extract mixture (1:10 w/w) was about 1.64 times more toxic to the test larvae than EtPa + AqSr extract mixture (1:10 w/w). Based on combination index at 48, 72, and 96 HAT assessment, EtPa and MeSr extract mixture at LC50 level as well as EtPa and AqSr extract mixture at LC50 and LC95 levels had additive joint action, while EtPa and MeSr extract mixture at LC95 was weakly synergistic. In addition to lethal effect, the treatment with all test materials delayed the development of C. pavonana larvae from second-instar to fourth instar. Thus, EtPa, MeSr, and AqSr extracts as well as the mixtures between EtPa and S. rarak extracts are potential alternatives for the control of C. pavonana pest.
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Judul: Makna televisi bagi masyarakat adat : studi kasus di kampung Naga, desa Neglasari, kecamatan Salawu, kabupaten Tasikmalaya, Propinsi Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Media televisi sebagai media massa elektronik berpengaruh terhadap kehidupan masyarakat, baik kehidupan sosial maupun budaya. Dampaknya dapat merubah tatanan tradisional yang berlaku dalam masyarakat, pola tingkah laku atau gaya hidup individu, masyarakat, pendidikan dan kehidupan keluarga. Televisi mempunyai kekuatan merubah sikap, pendapat, imajinasi, keyakinan dan tingkah laku individu. Televisi juga merupakan keajaiban teknologi komunikasi karena pengaruhnya kuat sekali dan dapat menyentuh masyarakat kota hingga masyarakat adat. Kehadiran media massa televisi tersebut mempunyai makna tersendiri bagi masyarakat adat. Pemaknaan tersebut dicerminkan dalam tindakan mereka, yaitu dapat dilihat dari acara televisi yang mereka tonton. Seringnya menonton acara televisi pada akhirnya akan menjadi kebiasaan, sehingga lambat laun akan mempengaruhi kehidupan tradisi mereka. sity Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) Mendeskripsikan sejarah masuknya media massa televisi ke dalam kehidupan Masyarakat Adat Kampung Naga, (2) Mendeskripsikan makna kehadiran televisi bagi Masyarakat Adat Kampung Naga, dan (3) Mendeskripsikan tindakan-tindakan yang dilakukan oleh Masyarakat Adat dalam mencerminkan makna televisi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kampung Naga, Desa Neglasari, Kecamatan Salawu, Kabupaten Tasikmalaya, Propinsi Jawa Barat, selama dua bulan..dst
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