Judul: Ekstrak Etanol Cacing Tanah (Lumbricus rubellus) sebagai Aktivator Enzim α-Glukosidase.
Abstrak: Cacing tanah (Lumbricus rubellus) memiliki kandungan nutrien seperti karbohidrat, protein, lemak, serta mineral yang tinggi sehingga berpotensi digunakan sebagai imbuhan pakan. Salah satu dari senyawa kimia tersebut diduga dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dari enzim α-glukosidase. Enzim α-glukosidase merupakan suatu enzim yang berperan dalam pemecahan karbohidrat menjadi monosakarida dalam usus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak etanol cacing tanah terhadap aktivitas α-glukosidase. Potensi aktivasi ekstrak cacing tanah terhadap enzim α-glukosidase dilakukan dengan mengadopsi metoda Sancheti et al. (2009) menggunakan ELISA pada konsentrasi 10, 25, 50, 100, 250, dan 500 ppm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol cacing tanah bersifat aktivator terhadap aktivitas enzim α-glukosidase pada konsentrasi 25 ppm sampai 500 ppm. Persentase aktivator tertinggi diperoleh pada konsentrasi 500 ppm sebesar 15,993%.
Keyword: α-glukosidase, karbohidrat, Lumbricus rubellus

Judul: Aktivator Enzim -Glukosidase dari Ekstrak Etanol Biji Labu Kuning (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne) secara In Vitro.
Abstrak: Biji labu kuning (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne) mengandung berbagai mineral yang dapat berfungsi sebagai aktivator enzim. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan rendemen, kadar magnesium, mangan, total gula, dan fitokimia biji labu kuning serta efek ekstrak etanol biji labu kuning terhadap aktivitas enzim -glukosidase secara in vitro. Biji labu kuning diekstraksi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96% dengan metode maserasi sebanyak 3 kali. Ekstrak dihitung rendemennya dan diuji efeknya terhadap aktivitas enzim -glukosidase secara in vitro. Magnesium dan mangan ditentukan dengan metode flame atomic absorption spectrometry dan total gula dengan metode luff schoorl. Simplisia serbuk biji labu kuning diuji fitokimia secara kualitatif. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Nilai rendemen ekstrak biji labu kuning yaitu 2.47% dan hasil uji fitokimia menunjukan biji labu kuning hanya mengandung steroid. Kandungan magnesium 3177.90 mg/kg, mangan 21.38 mg/kg dan total gula 2.59%. Ekstrak etanol biji labu kuning pada konsentrasi 100 ppm mempunyai akivitas aktivator tertinggi terhadap enzim -glukosidase. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa biji labu kuning memiliki potensi untuk meningkatkan fungsi penyerapan.
Keyword: -glukosidase, biji labu kuning, magnesium, mangan, steroid

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite