Judul: Karakteristik fisik daging sapi dara brahman cross dengan pemberian jenis konsentrat yang berbeda
Abstrak: This experiment was conducted to know physical characteristics of Brahman Cross heifer’s beef at different type of concentrate. Nine heads of Brahman Cross heifers (1.5-2 year of age) with initial weight of 330±26.93 kg and the final weight of 357±26.82 kg were used. They were devided into three groups subjected to three dietary treatment. P1 treatment concentrate with 11% of crude protein (CP) and 70.42% of Total Digestible Nutrient (TDN), P2 treatment concentrate with 13.03% of CP and 70% of TDN, and then P3 treatment concentrate with 16% of CP and 65% of TDN. The observation of fattening was done for 60 days (2 month). The data were analyzed by analysis variance based on general linear model procedure and Tukey test. The measurement of meat quality was included : value of pH, shearforce, cooking loss, water holding capacity, meat colour and marbling score. The value of pH P1 5,82±0,05 has a significantly higher result than P2 and P3 with 5,62±0,02; 5,60±0,03, the shearforce of P2 8,79±0,07 which was significantly higher than P1 and P3 which were 7,26±0,10; 7,33±0,26, the cooking loss were significantly different in each treatment of P1, P2, and P3, they are 37,23±0,09; 40,21±0,78; 44,04±0,66 respectively, the water holding capacity of P1 25,54±0,93 were significantly lower than P2 and P3, there are 30,67±0,23;31,50±1,24 respectively, while marbling measurement and meat colour were analyzed by using descriptive test with each of average value 1,33±0,5 and 5,33±0,5. Physical characteristics of Brahman Cross heifer’s beef in the range of normal meat.
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Judul: Karakteristik Karkas Sifat Fisik dan Kimia Daging Sapi Brahman Cross (BX) Heifer Berbasis Pakan Bungkil Inti Sawit
Abstrak: Kualitas daging adalah salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi tingkat penerimaan konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan karakteristik karkas, sifat fisik dan kimia daging sapi brahman cross (BX) heifer berbasis konsentrat bungkil inti sawit dengan konsentrat serealia sebagai konsentrat komersial. Ternak yang digunakan berumur 20-42 bulan (I1-I3) dan menggunakan otot bagian Longissimus dorsi (LD) dan Semitendinosus (ST). Karakteristik karkas yang diamati adalah bobot hidup, tebal lemak punggung, luas urat daging mata rusuk, warna daging, warna lemak, dan marbling. Sifat fisik daging yang diamati adalah pH, daya mengikat air, keempukan, dan susut masak. Sifat kimia daging yang diamati adalah kadar air, abu, protein, lemak, kalsium, fosfor, dan asam lemak (saturated fatty acid, dan unsaturated fatty acid). Data penelitian diolah dengan uji T. Penilaian karakteristik karkas diperoleh hasil yang berbeda nyata (P 0.05) pada tebal lemak punggung, luas urat daging mata rusuk, dan warna. Sifat fisik daging menunjukan hasil yang berbeda nyata (P 0.05) pada pH, daya mengikat air daging gandik, dan keempukan daging gandik. Sifat kimia daging terdapat hasil berbeda nyata (P 0.05) pada kadar protein, kadar abu, kadar fosfor daging loin, asam lemak dalam lemak (miristat, palmitat, stearat, oleat, linoleat, dan linolenat), dan asam lemak dalam daging (miristat, palmitat, stearat, oleat, dan linoleat). Total asam lemak jenuh dalam lemak dan dalam daging tidak berbeda nyata (P 0.05) sedangkan total asam lemak tidak jenuh dalam lemak dan daging berbeda nyata (P 0.05).
Keyword: bungkil inti sawit, BX heifer, karakteristik karkas, kualittas daging

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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