Judul: The Behavior of IPB-D1 Chickens with Different Sexes in the Free-Range
Abstrak: Segala aktivitas yang dilakukan ayam disebut tingkah laku. Tingkah laku yang diekspresikan ayam disebabkan faktor eksternal maupun internal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari tingkah laku ayam IPB-D1 jantan dan betina pada sistem pemeliharaan free-range. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji T untuk membandingkan rataan jumlah tingkah laku ayam IPB-D1 jantan dan betina. Variable yang diamati meliputi tingkah laku makan, minum, lokomosi, mandi debu, bertengger, mengais, dan agonistik. Hasil penelitian berbeda nyata (P<0,05) antara ayam IPB-D1 jantan dengan betina pada tingkah laku makan, lokomosi, mengais, dan agonistik di dalam kandang, serta berbeda nyata (P<0,05) pada tingkah laku makan, minum, lokomosi, dan agonistik di umbaran. Tidak ada perbedaan (P>0,05) antara ayam jantan dan betina pada tingkah laku minum dan bertengger di dalam kandang, serta tidak ada perbedaan (P>0,05) pada tingkah laku mandi debu dan mengais di umbaran. Ayam IPB-D1 di dalam kandang lebih banyak melakukan tingkah laku makan, sedangkan di umbaran lebih banyak melakukan tingkah laku lokomosi. Tingkah laku agonistik di dalam kandang maupun di umbaran lebih banyak dilakukan ayam IPB-D1 jantan daripada betina., All activities carried out by chickens are called behavior. The behavior expressed by chickens is caused by external and internal factors. This study aims to study the behavior of male and female IPB-D1 chickens in the free-range rearing system. Data were analyzed using the T-test to compare the average number of behaviors of male and female IPB-D1 chickens. The observed variables included eating, drinking, locomotion, dust bathing, perching, scratching, and agonistiic behavior. The results of the study were significantly different (P<0,05) between male and female IPB-D1 chickens in eating, locomotion, scratching, and agonistic behavior in the cage, and significantly different (P<0,05) in the behavior of eating, drinking, locomotion, and agonistic in the free-range. There was no difference (P>0,05) between male and female chickens on the behavior of drinking and perching in the cage, and there was no difference (P>0,05) in the behavior of dust bathing and scratching. IPB-D1 chickens in the cage did more eating behavior, while in free-range they did more locomotion behaviors. Agonistic behavior in the cage and in the free-range was mostly done by male IPB-D1 chickens than by females.
Keyword: Behavior, Free-Range, IPB-D1 Chickens

Judul: Physiological Response and Production Performance of Chicken IPB-D1 in the intensively maintened and Free-Range
Abstrak: Ayam IPB-D1 merupakan hasil persilangan antara ayam jantan lokal F1 PS (Pelung x Sentul) dengan betina F1 KB (Kampung x Parent Stock Broiler) yang telah ditetapkan sebagai rumpun baru ayam lokal oleh Kementerian Pertanian RI. Produktivitas ayam dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, yaitu internal (genetik), eksternal (pakan, lingkungan dan manajemen pemeliharaan) dan interaksi antara keduanya (Nataamijaya et al. 2010). Manajemen pemeliharaan yang baik dapat dilihat dari kondisi kandang dan lingkungan yang nyaman, menyebabkan tingkat stres pada ternak akan berkurang. Kondisi lingkungan pemeliharaan yang mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap performa adalah suhu dan kelembapan lingkungan. Suhu lingkungan pemeliharaan yang tinggi dapat menyebabkan stres oksidatif. Stres oksidatif merupakan ketidakseimbangan antara radikal bebas (pro oksidan) dan antioksidan yang dipicu oleh dua kondisi umum yaitu kurangnya antioksidan dan kelebihan produksi radikal bebas (Rush et al. 2005). Beberapa studi mengatakan bahwa semakin tinggi kadar stres oksidatif akan meningkatkan peroksidasi lipid yang dipresentasikan sebagai malondialdehida (MDA) dan menurunkan aktivitas enzim Superoxide dismutase (SOD) (Abramov, Scorziello, & Duchen, 2007). Salah satu cara mengatasi hal tersebut yaitu dengan sistem manajemen free-range. Ayam yang dipelihara dengan sistem intensif dan sistem free-range berjumlah 50 ekor dengan waktu penelitian selama 5 minggu. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemeliharaan ayam IPB-D1 dengan sistem free-range menghasilkan kondisi fisiologis dan performa produksi yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan pemeliharaan intensif. Kesimpulannya, pemeliharaan dengan sistem free-range menunjukkan kondisi yang lebih baik dibandingkan pemeliharaan intensif. Kondisi fisiologis ayam yang dipelihara pada sistem free-range menunjukkan tingkat stres yang rendah (kimia darah, nilai hematologi, dan indikator stres). Sistem free-range menghasilkan kinerja produksi yang lebih baik ditandai dengan rendahnya konversi pakan selama pemeliharaan., IPB-D1 chicken is the result of a cross between local F1 PS (Pelung x Sentul) roosters and F1 KB (Kampung x Parent Stock Broiler) females which have been designated as new clumps of local chickens by the Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture. Chicken productivity is influenced by several factors, namely internal (genetic), external (feed, environment and maintenance management) and the interaction between the two (Nataamijaya et al. 2010). Good maintenance management can be seen from the conditions of the pen and a comfortable environment, causing the level of stress in livestock to be reduced. Maintenance environment conditions that have a significant influence on performance are environmental temperature and humidity. High maintenance environment temperatures can cause oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is an imbalance between free radicals (pro oxidants) and antioxidants triggered by two common conditions namely lack of antioxidants and overproduction of free radicals (Rush et al. 2005). Some studies say that higher levels of oxidative stress will increase lipid peroxidation presented as malondialdehyde (MDA) and decrease the activity of the enzyme Superoxide dismutase (SOD) (Abramov, Scorziello, & Duchen, 2007). One way to overcome this is with a free-range management system. Chickens raised with an intensive system and free-range system totaled 50 heads with a research time of 5 weeks. The data obtained are analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the maintenance of IPB-D1 chickens with a free-range system resulted in better physiological conditions and production performance compared to intensive maintenance. In conclusion, maintenance with a free-range system
Keyword: free-range, heat stress, IPB-D1 chicken, performance

Judul: Pembuatan Film Tipis Cu2ZnSnS4 sebagai Lapisan Penyerap Cahaya pada Sel Surya Menggunakan Metode Elektrodeposisi
Abstrak: Thin film of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is an alternative semiconductor used as light absorber layer on solar cell. CZTS can replace silicon that commonly used as commercial semiconductor. The advantage of using CZTS as absorber layer is due to the abundance of its chemical composer on earth, and its high value of absorption coefficient. The absorber layer was made by using electrodeposition method on ITO glass substrates. The films were deposited at room temperature using potentiostatic mode with a potential of –1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes. After that, the films were annealed at two different temperatures, 180 ºC and 500 °C, for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. Based on X-ray diffraction analysis, the polycrystalline thin film obtained fall into kesterite crystal phase. This type of crystal was obtained when the CZTS was annealed at 500 °C in H2S/N2 atmosphere. The value of optical band gap energy for the CZTS thin film was 2.2 eV with the film thickness about 1.228–6.366 μm. The sample of CZTS with electrodeposition time of 45 minutes and annealing temperature of 500 °C showed the best result and in conformity with absorber layers criteria for solar cells.
Keyword: semiconductor, ITO glass, CZTS thin film, electrodeposition