Judul: Penatakelolaan Zona Pemanfaatan Tradisional Dalam Kawasan Konservasi Laut (Kasus Taman Nasional Teluk Cenderawasih - Kabupaten Teluk Wondama Papua Barat)
Abstrak: Kawasan zona pemanfaatan tradisional (ZPT) Taman Nasional Teluk Cenderawasih (TNTC) dipandang hanya dalam konteks perlindungan fungsi ekologis semata. Perubahan orientasi pemanfaatan sumberdaya nyata terjadi ketika Kabupaten Teluk Wondama dimekarkan Tahun 2002. Pengembangan pembangunan dalam kawasan ZPT yang digalakan oleh Pemda Kabupaten Teluk Wondama dan Balai Besar TNTC berdampak pada beragamnya kepentingan dalam memanfaatkan sumberdaya oleh berbagai individu, kelompok masyarakat, dan pengguna lain. Di sisi lain pertambahan penduduk, perluasan pemukiman, perkembangan kegiatan perikanan, dan semakin meningkatnya kegiatan transportasi laut, menyebabkan kawasan ZPT mendapat tekanan ekologis yang berdampak pada eksploitasi sumberdaya yang terus menerus. Penelitian ini menyajikan kerangka kerja untuk menganalisis ZPT dari pendekatan sistem penatakelolan baik sistem tatakelola (ST), sistem yang dikelola (SD) dan tatakelola interaktif (TI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengevaluasi potensi dan kondisi sumberdaya pesisir dalam zona pemanfaatan tradisional; (2) menganalisis karakteristik dan dinamika proses-proes penatakelolaan (sistem tatakelola, sistem yang dikelola dan tatakelola interaktif), dan efek trade offs antar sistem penatakelolaan; (3) Merancang dan merumuskan arahan kebijakan multipihak dalam keberlanjutan penatakelolaan. Kegiatan penelitian dimulai pada Agustus 2010 - Juni 2011, dengan lokasi penelitian adalah kawasan Taman Nasional Teluk Cenderawasih (TNTC) yang pada daerah administrasi pemerintahan Kabupaten Teluk Wondama. Penelitian meliputi 5 distrik (Distrik Rumberpon, Roswar, Windesi, Wasior dan Roon) dari 13 distrik yang ada di Kabupaten Teluk Wondama. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data primer dan sekunder. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui metode observasi, pengukuran langsung terhadap obyek penelitian, (focus group discussion) dan kuesioner. Posisi stakeholders yang menggambarkan fungsi dan peranannya dianalisis dengan biplot. Karakteristik sistem-sosial-ekologi (SSE) dianalisis dengan principle component analysis (PCA). Tiga sistem penatakelolaan (ST, SD, TI) dianalisis dengan multi dimensional scalling (MDS). Analisis pemilihan strategi keberlanjutan tatakelola menggunakan simple multi atribute rating technique (SMART). Efek interaksi antar dimensi keberlanjutan penatakelolaan yang terpilih digunakan analisis trade offs (TOA). Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa kebanyakan stakeholders dipetakan sebagai key players dari berbagai konflik kepentingan, selain subject dan context setter. Secara eksplisit, kebanyakan stakeholders memiliki pengaruh dan kepentingan dalam menciptakan tatakelola yang baik dan pengembangan berkelanjutan ZPT. Konflik yang terbentuk sebagai akibat berbagai kepentingan pemanfaatan dikategorikan sebagai konflik laten dan terbuka. Re-solusi konflik viii yang ditawarkan adalah mekanisme manajemen kolaboratif antar stakeholders melalui kerjasama, koordinasi dan konsultasi publik kegiatan. Analisis PCA terhadap karakteristik SSE sangat berasosiasi dengan kapasitas masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan sumberdaya dan kondisi ekologis ZPT. Hal ini berkaitan dengan pengaruh kegiatan ekonomi rumahtangga nelayan terhadap sumberdaya laut. Interaksi antar faktor pembentuk SSE terjadi sebagai akibat kegiatan ekonomi rumahtangga nelayan, upaya penangkapan dan kapasitas ekologis ZPT. dst...
Keyword: governance, traditional use zone, marine park

Judul: Kajian strategi pengelolaan sumberdaya laut oleh masyarakat adat dalam kawasan Taman Nasional Wakatobi:
Abstrak: This thesis described how to adapt formal management system of Wakatobi National Park (WNP)) and traditional system as a strategy for conservation of the national park to achieve biodiversity conservation and community welfare. The main objective of this research was to formulate strategies of indigenous marine resources management that were compatible with WNP management regulations. The subject of the research were four indigenous groups in Wakatobi Island, namely Liya, Mandati, Wanci and Kapota. The research was conducted from October 2008 until August 2009 comprised of the following stages: (1) Preparation: designing systematic research, collecting references, field observations , preparation of equipments and development of research groups; (2) Implementation using survey method and Rapid Rural Appraisal (RRA) where data were collected through interviews, focus group discussion (FGD), observation and workshops; and (3) Consultations with lecturers and data verification. Results of the study suggested that under the traditional system, Wakatobi’s marine resources were considered as common property which formally belong to sara kadie, with decentralized authority from the sultanate sara system to manage and utilize marine resources. Regulation of the resources were conducted according to spatial divisions, including utilization area, protection area based on sara authority or sacred sites. There were also limited utilization area through fishing gear restrictions and utilization permits from sara. Fishing gears management consisted of fishing gears that could be used only by local fishermen and fishing gears applied to non-local fishermen. These were intended to protect the local fishermen with limited equipments from unfair competitions and spatial conflict. Sara kadie could provide entitlement to community groups or individuals for the use of katond and ompo fishing gears. While under the formal system, i.e, zonation, the customary territories of Liya, Mandati, Wanci and Kapota kadies were declared as ZPL (Local Utilization Zone), meaning could only be exploited by local people, 1.7% of the coral in the customary teritory was declared as ZPr (Tourism Zone) and 1.2% as ZPB (Marine Protected Zone). Differences encountered between the two systems were found on institutional aspect, authority and total area. Wakatobi National Park had legal authorities over the whole areas, while under traditional system, the authority of sara kadie was within much smaller jurisdiction area as big as a kadie. The Kaledupa Reef and Kapota were traditionally managed by huma system. Owners of huma had authority of po adati yi pasi (customs in atoll), determine regulations for fishing areas, permits, and use of fishing gears. All of these findings suggested the importance of collaboration management between the formal and traditional systems by adapting the principles of traditional management into the formal management principles of WNP. The form of collaboration developed should include jurisdiction area sharing, where the kadie indigenous territories should be managed by local institution and others by formal system. Location of huma which coincided with the ZPB of Kaledupa and ZPr of Kapota Reefs should be jointly managed under the huma and formal systems. Any management violations that were considered criminal such as destructive fishing, illegal exploitation and pollutions should be settled through the formal law system while civil disputes such as
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Judul: Sintesis α-Fe2O3 menggunakan metode sol gel
Abstrak: In this reseach was succeeded make powder α-Fe2O3 with particle size 202.64 nm. Synthesis using Sol-Gel method with SiO2 coating derived from Si(OC2H5)4 at temperature of 750 oC for 5 hours. Characterization XRD prove that sample form is α-Fe2O3 (11 peaks) and β-Fe2O3 (2 peaks) with crystal size 20.69125 nm and crystallization 44 %. The cystal structure of α-Fe2O3 is rhombohedral and β-Fe2O3 is hexsagonal. Optic characterization show that the sample absorbing light at wavelength less than 480 nm. Bandgap energy of the optical characterization measurments is 2.74 eV.
Keyword: α-Fe2O3, annealing, bandgap energy, sol-gel, crystal structure.