Judul: Modifikasi dan uji kinerja mesin kepras tebu tipe pisau rotari untuk traktor roda empat
Abstrak: Ratton cultivation needs stubble shaving operation after harvest. Sugar cane ratoon cultivation is common practices to reduce production cost of sugar. Now stubble shaving operation is done manually using hoe which low in capacity and high in cost. An efficient machine is needed to reduce the cost of stubble shaving. This research was aimed to modify, fabricate, and test the prototype of sugar cane stubbke shave that was aatached to a four wheel tractor an rotated by PTO of the tracttor. Two transmission systems of rotary knife-cutter were speed which are flexible shaft and double universal joint. Test parameter in this research were speed rotational, inclination of cutting, and posotion of cutting. The serult showed that the prototype worked better with double universal joint transmission system. In this research, flexible shaft system did not work well because the required cutting torque ws higher than the shear resistance of the flexible shaft. Result of the test showed that stubble shaving of sugar cane with rotary knife-cutter had a better performance in 780 rpm and ^0 beta of cutting inclination. Average torque was 41.98 Nm with average deep about 13 cm. In addition average working width of the cutter was 37 cm.
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Judul: Evaluation of design parameters of rotated disk tiller for stubble shaving operation on upland sugar cane cultivation
Abstrak: Pengeprasan merupakan salah satu kegiatan penting dalam budidaya tanaman tebu keprasan (ratoon). Pengeprasan manual yang dilakukan hingga saat ini sedang menghadapi masalah kesulitan tenaga kerja dan rendahnya kualitas pengeprasan. Di lain pihak, alat dan mesin kepras jenis rotari (stubble shaver) yang ada memiliki beberapa kelemahan antara lain hasil potongan yang pecah, mata pisaunya cepat tumpul, dan membutuhkan gaya impact yang tinggi untuk pemotongan sehingga alsin tersebut tidak dipergunakan lagi. Pecahnya tunggul tebu dalam pengeprasan mekanis dapat dihindari dengan cara mengubah prinsip desain pemotongan cara tebas (impact cutting) dengan prinsip menggergaji. Penelitian pendahuluan mengenai karakteristik guludan dan tunggul tebu sisa penebangan telah dilakukan. Beberapa peubah yang diamati dalam studi pendahuluan tersebut adalah bentuk dan dimensi guludan tanaman tebu keprasan, tahanan penetrasi tanah, tahanan geser tanah, dan gaya cabut satu rumpun tunggul tebu sisa pemanenan. Selanjutnya, penelitian yang berkaitan dengan efektifitas dari mekanisme pemotongan tunggul tebu menggunakan piring pengolah tanah yang diputar dan beberapa parameter yang relevan juga telah diselesaikan. Secara khusus penelitian tersebut bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinematika atau gerakan piring pengolah tanah (bajak piring dan garu piring) yang diputar paksa untuk pengepras tunggul tebu, menentukan gaya pemotongan spesifik satu tunggul tebu (σ) pada empat varietas tebu, mengembangkan model matematika untuk menduga gaya pemotongan rumpun tunggul tebu, dan mengidentifikasi kualitas potongan dan pertumbuhan tunas tebu hasil uji pengeprasan.
Keyword: Sugar cane, Ratoon, Torque, Cutting, Disk plow, Disk horrow

Judul: Durability of Specific Immunoglobulin (Ig) Y Againts Influenza and Covid-19 in Sunscreen
Abstrak: The benefit of specific immunoglobulin Y (Ig Y) as an active ingredient in personal care products such as sunscreen has not been properly studied. Our study aims to evaluate the reliability of specific IgY against influenza and the COVID-19 virus in a sample sunscreen product. Specific IgY influenza and COVID-19 viruses were inserted in the sample sunscreen at two concentrations of 0.1% and 0.25%. Three treatments were observed: control (C) sunscreen without IgY, treatment 1 (T1) sunscreen with 0.1% IgY, and treatment 2 (T2) sunscreen with 0.25% IgY. Organoleptic observations were carried out to monitor changes in aroma, color, and texture, and sunscreen sampling was done every week for 6 weeks. The durability of IgY was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a neutralization assay. Organoleptic observation from weeks 1 to 6 showed consistency in its aroma, color, and texture. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization assay (NA) results of the T1 and T2 groups showed negative results except for sample T1 at week 5, which showed a positive result in the Influenza A ELISA. Based on the results, it seems that IgY concentrations of 0.1% or 0.25% were not optimal. However, this negative result might be due to low concentration of the IgY and the presence of beeswax, which inhibits IgY and causes it to dissolve in distilled water, thus preventing it from being detected in the assay.
Keyword: Immunoglobulin Y, Sunscreen, Influenza, COVID-19, Biological Activity