Judul: Keanekaragaman Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula di Ekosistem Gunung Anak Krakatau, Lampung Selatan.
Abstrak: Anak Krakatau Mount ecosystem was resulted from natural succesion process. Vegetation diversity at the area was studied by several scientists, but simbiotic microbial such as mycorrhizae supporting the vegetation growth was not studied yet. Mycorrhizae is a mutual symbiosis between fungi (mykes) with a rooting (rhiza) plants. Mycorrhizae has spread widely, including in the new ecosystem where succession process occurs. This study aims to identify the genus of Arbuscular Mychorrhizal Fungi (AMF) diversity in the ecosystem of Anak Krakatau Mount, South Lampung. The method used was the extraction of spores using wet sieving and decanting method and centrifugation method, as well as coloring the roots to determine the percentage of colonization. Spore identification to genus level was done using a Melzer solution, while the roots staining was done using trypan blue as dye and PVLG as an adhesive. The results showed that Glomus, Acaulospora, Enthrophospora, Gigaspora and Scutellospora genus was found in the area. Glomus and Gigaspora are genus that found almost in all locations. The highest diversity and spore density was found in coastal vegetation communities while the highest root colonization was found in inland vegetation communities. The abundance and frequency relative of AMF’s spore showed that Glomus was the genus which has the biggest and widest distribution than other genus.
Keyword: AMF, Anak Krakatau Mount, diversity

Judul: Keanekaragaman Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula (CMA) di Hutan Pantai Ujung Genteng, Sukabumi-Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Indonesia is one of the countries that has a megadiversity of microorganisms and has a large area of coastal forests. However, research on microbial diversity particularly AMF as one of the dominant microbes in a coastal forest ecosystems has not been done extensively. The main objective of this research was to study the diversity and distribution of AMF in coastal forest and to analyse effects of salinity on the fungal and plant community at Coastal Forest Ujung Genteng Cape, Sukabumi - West Java. This research was carried out in two parts: field, green house and laboratorium experimental activities. Field experimental activities were conducted for vegetation analysis, collecting of plant root system, rhizosphere soils from tree and pole phase,. seedling of understorey plants for fungal colonization analysis, isolation and identification of AMF and soil characteristics, include salinity. Green house and laboratorium activities were carried out for isolation, identification and colonization analysis of AMF. Field research location was divided into three zones, first zone was 0 – 70 m distance from coastal area (P), second zone was 71 – 140 m distance from coastal area (T), and third zone was 141 m distance from coastal until forest up to area in the center (H). Twenty three AMF species from 45 plant rizosphere were identified. The fungi belong to 5 species of Acaulospora, 2 species of Gigaspora, 13 species of Glomus, 1 species of Paraglomus and 2 species of Scutellospora. Glomus geosporum was the most dominant AMF in the ecosystem with the value of frequency was 16.49% - 23.67%. Glomus etunicatum, Acaulospora foveata, A. longula, A. scrobiculata, A. tuberculata, and Scutellospora auriglobosa were the AMF that had frequency higher than other species but less than G. geosporum in the field. Results from vegetation analysis indicated that Ujung Genteng Coastal Forest had 68 plant species belonging to 40 families. Dysoxylum parasiticum and Piper cf. baccatum were dominant plants in the ecosystem. The plant community measured at the three zones experimental sites were differed. The similarity index value of the plant community (Is) between coastal P) and center (T) area was 35.42%, between center (T) and forest center (H) was 32.53%, and between coastal edge (P) and forest center (H) was 27.04%. There was no correlation between diversity of plant and diversity of AMF onserved. Diversity of AMF were influenced with all interaction environment factors especially salinity. Two species of AMF had a narrow distribution and found only in a rhizosphere of one plant species . Glomus sp 5. found only in Guettarda speciosa rhizosphere and Glomus sp6. in Salacia sp. rhizosphere. Nineteen species were identified from P zone, 17 species from T zone and 14 species from H zone, with the index diversity values of AMF were 0.73 – 6.64, 0.85 – 4.93 and 1.26 – 4.84, respectively. The salinity at Ujung Genteng Cape was falled in moderate degree with the value of 420 – 1735 μs/cm. The salinity influenced the diversity of AMF and plant community structures. Nineteen species were identified from P zone, 17 species from T zone and 14 species from H zone,
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Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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