Judul: Strategi keberlanjutan program Pengembangan Usaha Agribisnis Perdesaan (PUAP) (Kasus Kabupaten Karawang)
Abstrak: Poverty in rural areas is the main problem to overcome national which can not be postponed and should be a priority in the implementation of the development of social welfare. Therefore, the national economic development based on Agriculture and rural areas, directly or indirectly, have an impact on the reduction of poverty. Rural agribusiness development program (PUAP) is a breakthrough program of the Ministry of agriculture for poverty alleviation and job creation, while reducing the development gap between regions and central areas and gaps between sub sectors. Formulation of the problem in this study is how the combined performance of farmer groups (Gapoktan) direct beneficiary communities (BLM-PUAP), how the PUAP program can increase the income of its members and how the sustainability strategy of PUAP. This research was conducted in the Karawang regency in March to May 2011. The data used consists of primary data and secondary data. Method of analysis used is importance performance analysis (IPA), analysis of farmers' income, Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE), Eksternal Factor Evaluation, analysis of SWOT (Strengths- Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats) and Quantitative Strategies Planning Matrix (QSPM) analysis. Based on a priority review, sustainability strategy of PUAP program based on aspects of performance and quality in Regency Karawang Gapoktan performance which is 34.78% that is considered optimal. The emphasis of the strategy by taking an advantage of external opportunities to internal weaknesses that exist (WO strategy). Results of the SWOT strategy formulation followed by QSPM analysis to determine the priority strategy alternatives that have been produced. The priority Strategies are : increasing professionalism of gapoktan members, sanctions for administrators who embezzled PUAP funds, improve business unit labor savings and loans to improve the welfare of Gapoktan members, improve the quality and quantity of crops to survive from imports, develop agriculture through the addition of new types of products marketed and the expansion of the market, development and strengthening of marketing network that has been available and improving financial management capabilities gapoktan in partnership with private sector.
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Judul: Efektivitas Program Pengembangan Agribisnis Perdesaan (PUAP) Terhadap Kinerja Gapoktan (Studi Kasus di Desa Purwasari, Kecamatan Dramaga, Kabupaten Bogor)
Abstrak: Dalam mewujudkan pengembangan usaha agribisnis dan penguatan kelembagaan pertanian maka pemerintah mencanangkan Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Mandiri (PNPM) yang salah satu programnya adalah Pengembangan Usaha Agribisnis Perdesaan (PUAP) yang dilaksanakan oleh Departemen Pertanian pada tahun 2008. Program PUAP ini berupa penyaluran modal usaha anggota, baik petani pemilik, petani penggarap, buruh tani maupun rumah tangga tani. Sedangkan untuk penyaluran modal bantuan ini dilaksanakan oleh Gapoktan. Karena pelaksanaan program secara langsung berkaitan dengan kelompok masyarakat dan rumah tangga petani, maka untuk melihat program ini berhasil atau tidak, perlu dilakukan evaluasi terhadap kinerja Gapoktan dan penyaluran dana bantuan PUAP oleh Gapoktan. Salah satu Gapoktan PUAP yang ada di Kabupaten Bogor adalah Gapoktan Mekar Sari. Gapoktan Mekar Sari terletak di Desa Purwasari, Kecamatan Dramaga. Waktu penelitian dilakukan pada minggu pertama april sampai dengan minggu terakhir mei tahun 2010. Jumlah sampel yang diambil sebanyak 60 orang. Penelitian ini mengambil sampel petani dan pedagang yang menerima BLM-PUAP tahun 2008 dengan karakteristik usahataninya adalah komoditas padi (budidaya on-farm) dan kerajinan rumah tangga (usaha off-farm). Sampel ini terdiri dari 30 orang untuk usaha on-farm dan 30 orang untuk usaha off-farm. Efektivitas penyaluran dana PUAP dari pihak Gapoktan dapat dilihat dari beberapa tolok ukur antara lain : a) Penilaian pengurus meliputi; (1) Target dan Realisasi Pinjaman; (2) Jangkauan Pinjaman; (3) Frekuensi Pinjaman; dan (4) Persentase Tunggakan, dan b) Penilaian anggota meliputi; (1) Persyaratan awal; (2) Prosedur peminjaman; (3) Biaya administrasi; (4) Realisasi kredit; (5) Tingkat bunga; (6) Pelayanan Gapoktan; (7) Jarak atau lokasi kreditur; (8) Pembayaran cicilan kredit. Efektivitas penyaluran dana PUAP berdasarkan tanggapan dari pengguna (petani) dana PUAP dapat dianalisis menggunakan sistem pemberian skor penilaian keefektivan yang kemudian diuraikan secara deskriptif. Penentuan skor tersebut akan menggunakan skala Likert. Penilaian kinerja Gapoktan oleh anggota sebelum dan setelah adanya program PUAP dapat dilihat dari delapan indikator berikut: (1) penyusunan Anggaran Dasar (AD) dan Anggaran Rumah Tangga (ART); (2) pertemuan/rapat dalam Gapoktan; (3) keterlibatan anggota dalam penyusunan Rencana Usaha Bersama (RUB); (4) rencana usaha Gapoktan yang berorientasi pada kepentingan anggota; (5) anggota mengerjakan kegiatan pertanian secara bersama; (6) anggota terlibat aktif dalam pengambilan keputusan di Gapoktan; (7) Gapoktan mampu memberikan fasilitas kemudahan usaha kepada anggotanya; (8) adanya aktivitas pendidikan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan anggota maupun pengurus.
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Judul: Photosensor producing based on ferroelectric material of Ba0,5Sr0,5TiO3 doped by Ferrium Oxide (Fe2O3) on a P-Type Silicon Substate Si (100) applied as a digital camera with a single pixel image sensor
Abstrak: Thin film Ba0,5Sr0,5TiO3 (BST) doped with Fe2O3 was grown on p-type silicon substrate (100) using chemical solution deposition (CSD). It used the solvent 2-methoxyethanol with annealing temperature of 850°C and the doping treatment Fe2O3 of 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 % of the mass formed BST. Pure BST had the highest absorption of 600 nm of light wavelength. Additions Fe2O3 moves highest absorption in the range of 560 nm. Fe2O3 addition was strengthening thin film sensitivity to the effects of light. In general, doping Fe2O3 10% was result the best absorbance and current-voltage of BST thin film. Electrical properties of thin films BST include dielectric, photoconductivity, and dissipation energy. Based on the current-voltage (I-V) analysis, pure BST and doped BST showed photodiode properties. Dielectric values obtained in the range from 23.32 to 243. Based on electrical conductivity data and energy dissipation, BST thin films have shown photodiode characteristics and are therefore suitable as light sensors. The image sensor in a digital camera is also a light sensor. This BST thin film has been scientifically proven to be a light sensor and also it can be applied as an image sensor. This is a novelty image sensor based on thin film Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3.
Keyword: barium strontium titanate, thin film, photodiode, image sensor, digital camera