Judul: Polutant impact to efficiencies tambaks in district Karawang
Abstrak: Organic Loading is mainly due to the remaining feed and feces inedible shrimp and fish metabolism. Organic waste from intensive and semi-intensive pond directly into the aquatic ecosystem without passed the treatment of sewage disposal ponds lead to eutrophication, excessive turbidity, sedimentation, and salinization toxicity of aquatic habitats, causing further production efficiency and productivity of farms decreased. The purpose of this study were: (1) estimate the efficiency of production of the farms in the district of Karawang (2) estimate the effect of pollutants nitrogen, phosphorus and BOD and mangroves for pond production efficiency, and (3) estimate the total factor productivity of farm enterprises in the district of Karawang. The results showed that the business had milkfish monoculture farms are technically efficient with an average rate of 84.1 percent, but it is allocative and economically inefficient with an average of 59.2 percent and 48.9 percent. Production factors that have a positive and significant effect on the production of milkfish monoculture farm business is feed, milkfish stock, urea fertilizer, labor, fuel and extensive ponds. Total factor productivity monoculture farms ranged from 59.7 - 138.7, with an average of TFP at Fishpond milkfish monoculture of 92.4. There are 21.8 percent businesses of monoculture ponds achieve high technical efficiency and TFP. Technical efficiency is very significant to TFP, so increasing the technical efficiency will increase total factor productivity of farm businesses. Based on the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus and BOD monoculture farm businesses included in the criteria for mild to moderate polluted. There is a tendency of higher technical efficiency of farm businesses will increasingly small percentage of lost production and cost of damages from pollutants as a source of inefficiency.
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Judul: Valuasi Ekonomi Dampak Budidaya Ikan di Tambak dengan Alih Fungsi Lahan Mangrove di Desa Tambaksumur, Kecamatan Tirtajaya, Karawang
Abstrak: Profitable business of brackishwater black tiger shrimp and milkfish pond culture in Karawang Regency have triggered the excessively convertion of mangrove forest areas into brackishwater pond areas. This convertion result in negative impacts on the household incomes and the environment since mangrove forest has a strategic role for life such as a source of human needs, shelter, spawning and food source for marine life, as well as protection from coastal erosion. A study to identify the benefits of direct use values of mangroves and economic losses, analyze the benefits financially, sustainability pond analyzes, and identify policy implications of the impact of tiger shrimp and milkfish with conversion of mangrove land was conducted in Karawang Regency. Tambak Sumur was selected as a study site since this village has mangrove forest areas converted into brackishwater black tiger shrimp and milkfish as a study site since this village ponds. Parameter observed were the feasibility of mangrove forest convertion into brackishwater black tiger shrimp and milkfish ponds such as replacement cost and economic valuation. Data were analyzed descriptively. The result of this study revealed that mangrove forest had important role for communities income and the environment. Conversion of mangrove forests into brackishwater black tiger shrimp and milkfish ponds financially was still feasible indicated by R/C of 1,12.
Keyword: Replacement Cost, Mangrove Forest Convertion, Economic Valuation, Milkfish Pond Culture, Black Tiger

Judul: Perbandingan Algoritma Message Digest 5 (MD5) Dan Secure Hash Algorithm 1 (Shai) Untuk Autentikasi Pesan
Abstrak: Seiring dcngan meningkatnya penggunaan internet sebagai media pertukaran pcsan. metodc pcngamanan pcsan menjadi sangat penting. Nilai suatu pesan yang ingin dijaga keutuhan atnu intcgritasnya menycbabkan pesan tcrscbut hanya baleh dimodifikasi olch pihak yang bcrhak. Namun pada rcalitanya, pesan tersebut akan mendapat ancaman dari scorang penyusup. Bentuk ancaman terjadi apabiJa pcnyusup dcngan suatu cara. dapat mengubah isi pesan terscbut untuk bcrbagai kepcntingan. Apabila isi pesan telah bcrubah dad bentuk aslinya, maka pesan terscbut dikatakan sudah tidak aulcnlik (asli) Iagi. Snatn metodc yang efektif untuk mcnguji kcautentikan suatll pesan digllnakan tcknik kriptografi. Pada kal)'a ilmiah ini akan dibahas algoritma Message Digest 5 (MDS) dan Secure !-lash Algorithm (SHAI) untuk autentikasi pesan.
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