Judul: Kajian Penggunaan Bahan Pengemas Kardus dan Plastik Berventilasi pada Penyimpanan Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum L.) Segar
Abstrak: The effect of packaging materials and temperature of storage on quality of fresh chili (Capsicum annuum L.) was observed in this study. Samples of chili were harvested from farmer’s orchad in chili production areas in Lembang, West Java. The study was caried out using the ventilated cardboard and plastic for chili’s packaging stored in 15oC and room temperature. Weight loss, moisture content, firmness, colour, and respiration rate of all samples were measured during storage period. The result showed that packaging material had significant effect on weight loss, moisture content, value of a (chromatic red-green color) and b (chromatic blue-yellow color). The packaging material had no significant effect on hardness and value of L (brightness). Temperature of storage had significant effect on weight loss, moisture content, firmness, value of L, a, and b. The packaging of fresh chili using ventilated cardboard and room temperature preserved the best quality of colour up to 10 days. It was concluded that ventilated plastic and temperature of 15oC resulted the best quality of fresh chili up to 20 days.
Keyword: quality of chili, temperature of storage, packaging material, fresh chili

Judul: Changes in Quality of Red Chilli Packed Using Different Types of Packaging during Low Temperature Storege
Abstrak: Consumers consume fresh red chiliesis a perishable commodity. Postharvest losses of red chilies in the tropics mainly caused by the temperature and humidity as well as pre or post-harvest handling. A method to reduce its damage is by inhibiting respiration, storing at low temperatures and packing the chilly with the transport/storage - type packaging in accordance with the requirements needed in order to maintain the physical quality of red chilies. Research on red chilies with large capacity pack is slightly smaller than the capacity reported. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of the type of packaging and storage temperature on the quality of red chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) fresh in bulk to maintain the quality and extend the shelf life. The specific objectives were (1) To analyze the effect of the type of packaging on the shelf life of red chilli stored at several levels of temperature, (2) to analyze the changes in the quality of red chilli during storage. The study was conducted at laboratory scale with a completely randomized factorial design. Factors studied were the type of packaging (three levels i.e. plastic nets, plastic sack and ventilated cardboard box (regular sloated container (RSC) type, single wall) and storage temperature (three levels i.e. ambient (±27-10°C, 15 °C and 10°C). for approximately 3 weeks. Observations on the quality of the analysis is the respiration rate (O2 and CO2 concentrations) were performed 24 hours, weight loss, color (including the value of brightness (L *), Croma (C *) and hue degree (°hue)) and the firmness done 2 once a day until the resd chilli were observed rotten / damaged. For levels of vitamin C and water content made up to seven days The results showed that in observations of red chillies in a cardboard carton packaging can be stored for 13 days (± temperature 27-30 ° C), up to 21 days (15 ° C) and 39 days (temperature 10 ° C). Quality red peppers were packed cardboard cartons at a temperature of 10 ° C has the best quality during storage of 17 days. Chillies are packed plastic bags (temperature 15 ° C and 10 ° C) have the same quality with chillies are packed cardboard carton until 5 days of storage. Changes in the level of firmness and color (L *, C *, ° hue value) on chilli packed cardboard carton or plastic bags were not significantly different during storage. The content of vitamin C on the seventh day has content that is not significantly different in all treatments and was higher than at the beginning of the storage.
Keyword: red chilies, packaging, low temperature storage, weight loss

Judul: Invers Drazin dari Matriks Toeplitz Singular
Abstrak: Matriks Toeplitz adalah matriks yang setiap unsur pada diagonal utama bernilai sama dan setiap unsur pada subdiagonal yang bersesuaian dengan diagonal utama juga bernilai sama. Matriks singular adalah matriks yang tidak bisa ditentukan inversnya. Akan tetapi, dapat diupayakan untuk ditentukan inversnya menggunakan invers matriks yang diperumum. Invers Drazin merupakan salah satu jenis invers matriks yang diperumum. Pada karya ilmiah ini ditentukan invers Drazin dari matriks Toeplitz singular dengan menggunakan metode Leverrier Faddeev. Kemudian, ditentukan invers Drazin dari matriks Toeplitz singular yang direpresentasikan sebagai penjumlahan segitiga bawah dan segitiga atas matriks Toeplitz berdasar pada teorema Gohberg dan Semencul., Toeplitz matrix is a matrix in with element on the main diagonal has the same value and on the subdiagonal corresponding to the main diagonal also has the same value. Singular matrix is a matrix that has no inverse. However, it can be attempted to determine the inverse using a generalized inverse matrix. Inverse Drazin is a type of generalized matrix inverse. This paper discussed the inverse Drazin for a singular Toeplitz matrix using the Leverrier Faddeev method. Then, the Drazin inverse of the singular Toeplitz matrix which is represented as a sum of products of lower and upper triangular Toeplitz matrix based on Gohberg and Semencul theorem.
Keyword: inverse Drazine, singular Toeplitz matrix