Judul: Design Process of Sago Starch Industry
Abstrak: The existence of sago in Indonesia is very abundant with one of the derivative products it produces is sago starch. Sago starch has very good business prospects with increasing demand every year. However, the sago industry in Indonesia is still unable to maximize the production of sago starch to cope with the high demand. This study aims to determine the design sago starch production process, as well as to analyze it from a financial aspect. The stages of this study consist of selecting an alternative process, calculating the mass balance, selecting suitable machines and equipment, scheduling products, determining the plant layout, and analyzing financial feasibility. This industry run in batch system with a production target of 1000 kg of sago starch per day, the stages of the production process include shredded sago pith with a rasper machine, mixed with water in the mixing tank, filtered and dried with a rotary drum vacuum dryer, size uniformed by milling and sifting machine, and packed with a packaging machine. The financial feasibility analysis obtained shows that the sago starch industry is feasible to run and developed with Rp 1.464.364.966 of NPV, 1,97 of Net B/C, 37,74% of IRR and 4,23 years of payback period., Keberadaan sagu di Indonesia sangat melimpah dengan salah satu produk turunan yang dihasilkannya adalah pati sagu. Pati sagu memiliki prospek bisnis yang sangat bagus dengan permintaan yang terus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Namun, industri sagu di Indonesia masih belum mampu memaksimalkan produksi pati sagu untuk mengatasi tingginya permintaan. Studi ini bertujuan menentukan desain proses produksi pati sagu, sekaligus menganalisisnya dari segi aspek finansial. Tahapan dari studi ini terdiri dari pemilihan proses alternatif, perhitungan neraca massa, pemilihan mesin dan peralatan yang sesuai, penjadwalan produk, penentuan tata letak pabrik, dan analisis kelayakan finansial. Industri ini dijalankan secara sistem batch dengan target produksi 1000 kg pati sagu per hari, tahapan proses produksi yang dilakukan diantaranya yaitu batang sagu diparut dengan mesin parut, dicampur dengan air di tangki pencampur, disaring dan dikeringkan dengan rotary drum vacuum dryer, penyeragaman ukuran dengan mesin pengayak dan penggiling, dan dikemas dengan mesin pengemas. Analisis kelayakan finansial yang didapatkan menunjukkan industri pati sagu layak diusahakan dan dikembangkan dengan indikator NPV sebesar Rp 1.464.364.966, Net B/C 1,97, IRR 37,74% dan payback period 4,23 tahun.
Keyword: Analisis Kelayakan, Desain Proses, Pati Sagu

Judul: Design Process of Cyclodextrin Production from Sago (Metroxylon spp.) Starch
Abstrak: Luas lahan sagu Indonesia merupakan yang terbesar di dunia. Oleh karena itu, pengembangan produk berbasis pati sagu perlu digalakkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendesain proses produksi siklodekstrin dari pati sagu dalam skala besar. Tahapan yang dilakukan terdiri dari pemilihan alternatif proses, penentuan alur proses, perhitungan neraca massa, pemilihan mesin dan peralatan, penjadwalan produksi, penentuan tata letak pabrik, serta analisis ekonomi. Produksi siklodekstrin diawali dengan mereaksikan 540 kg pati sagu yang disuspensikan dengan larutan penyangga asetat dan enzim CGTase menggunakan reaktor berpengaduk. Hasil reaksi dimurnikan dengan metode ultrafiltrasi dan nanofiltrasi, lalu dikeringkan dengan pengering semprot. Produk yang diperoleh adalah 289.76 kg siklodekstrin dengan kadar air 3%. Tiga siklus produksi dapat dilakukan secara parallel dalam satu hari, dengan total waktu kerja 9 jam. Tata letak bangunan produksi ditentukan dengan peta keterkaitan aktivitas dan penilaian kedekatan total. Luas bangunan produksi sebesar 463.94 m2, dengan luas tanah 804.00 m2. Desain proses produksi siklodekstrin dari pati sagu layak secara ekonomi, dengan NPV sebesar Rp2,171,946,961, net B/C sebesar 1.56, IRR sebesar 23.32%, dan periode pengembalian selama 5.88 tahun., Sago land area of Indonesia is the largest in the world. Therefore, the development of sago starch-based products needs to be encouraged. This study aims to design a large scale production process of cyclodextrin from sago starch. The stages of this study consist of selecting alternative processes, determining process flow, calculating mass balance, selecting machinery and equipments, scheduling production, determining plant layout, and economic analysis. Cyclodextrin production begins by reacting 540 kg of sago starch in acetate buffer solution and CGTase enzymes using a stirred tank reactor. The reaction result was purified by ultrafiltration and nanofiltration methods, then dried with spray dryer. The yield of this process is 289.76 kg of cyclodextrin with 3% of moisture content. Three production cycles per day can be carried out in parallel, with a total working time of 9 hours. Production building layout is determined by activity relationship chart and total closeness rating. Production building area is 463.94 m2, with land area of 804.00 m2. Cyclodextrin production process design is economically feasible, with Rp2,171,946,961 of NPV, 1.56 of net B/C, 23.32% of IRR, and 5.88 years of payback period.
Keyword: Cyclodextrin, Design process, Feasibility, Sago starch

Judul: Etno-ornitologi Burung Kancilan Flores (Pachycephala nudigula nudigula Hartert 1897) pada Masyarakat Lio di Taman Nasional Kelimutu
Abstrak: Bare-throathed whistler is one of several wild birds in Kelimutu National Park (TNKL) that is believed to have correlation with Lio Community‟s belief. The estimation of Bare-throated whistler‟s population in Kelimutu National Park was about 186.41-1668.07 individual by the density about 0.0389-0.3481 ind/ha with the sex ratio 6.2:1 that spreaded on area with height of 1100 – 1600 masl. The characteristic of Bare-throated whistler‟s habitat is a natural forest with various canopy level, high plant species diversity and high density. The habitat characteristics related to the availability of food in the form of insects, cover, safety and a nesting site. Generally the most of Lio community knew the existence of Bare-throated whistler directly or from their parents‟ stories. The perceptions of Lio Community to the Bare-throated whistler‟s existence is generally support the conservation efforts. The perceptions construct the Lio Community‟s atitude that tend to be conservative to the existence of Bare-throated whistler. The attitude shown by their behavior that not cathing the Bare-throated whistler from the TNKL‟s area or the outside. The attitude have an important role to the existence of Bare-throated whistler in Kelimutu National Park‟s area.
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