Judul: Perbandingan Profil Kelahiran Antara Panthera tigris sumatrae (Pocock 1929) Dengan Panthera tigris altaica (Temminck 1848) Di Habitat Ex-Situ
Abstrak: Sumatran tiger is the remaining subspecies of tiger in Indonesia and classified in Appendix I at CITES. Another subspecies of the tiger is Panthera tigris altaica, known as Siberian tiger. Those 2 subspecies were origin from Panthera tigris which has divergenced and separated into several subspecies. The research aims to compare the birth profile between Sumatran tiger and Siberian tiger in ex-situ habitat. This research used secondary data compiled from International Tiger Studbook in the period of 1984 to 2003. The results show that the litter size of Sumatran tiger significantly different from Siberian tiger (nSumateran tiger=180, average=2,21; nSiberia tiger=220, average=2,36). This indicates some difference in reproductive capability between those tigers which may be affected by climate and food composition and availability. Data on natality does not show existing seasonal reproduction pattern in Sumatran tiger as those in Siberian tiger. Both Sumatran tiger and Siberian tiger have same potential of reproduction, i.e. maximum of 12 birth through the entire dam’s life.
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Judul: Pola penggunaan ruang dan model kesesuaian habitat harimau sumatera (Panthera tigris sumatrae Pocock, 1929) pasca translokasi berdasarkan pemantauan kalung GPS
Abstrak: Panthera tigris sumatrae is the last remaining Indonesian tiger after its relatives, the Bali and Javan tigers, became extinct in 1940s and 1980s respectively. Although translocation has been employed in mitigating human-tiger conflict in Sumatra for the last decade, the behavioral ecology of post-release animals is still poorly understood. Furthermore, the spatial modelling of tiger behavior based on global positioning system (GPS) collar tracking has never been done before. This information is urgently needed for improving Sumatran tiger translocation in the future. In this study we examine the movement and home range, activity pattern, and habitat selection of translocated tigers, as well as construct a habitat suitability model for identifying appropriate sites for future tiger translocation in Ulu Masen forest. Between July 2008 and December 2010 we translocated six Sumatran tigers, five males and one female. All tigers were fitted with GPS collars which were set to fix 24-48 location coordinates per day. The logistic regression equation was used to produce the habitat suitability prediction models and the tiger distribution map was overlaid with data on the relative abundance of tiger prey to determine suitable sites for future translocation. The mean distance traveled by the tigers varies from 2.8 to 4.0 km per day, but the female moved further than the males. In general, there was no difference in the mean distance traveled between day-time and night-time among the males, but the female traveled further in the day-time than during night-time. The length of time needed by each tiger to establish home range was significantly affected by the abundance of local tigers already in the area. The home range of each individual tiger, estimated using 95% fixed kernel, varies between 37.5 km2 and 188.1 km2 for males while for the female it was 376.8 km2. The most active period for translocated tigers is in the evening between 6 and 10 pm. However, on certain occasions, the tigers are most active in the morning between 6 and 10 am. The translocated tigers tend to range across all natural land cover types within the landscape, but forest availability within the landscape remains important for their survival. However, it seems that all translocated tigers prefer to conduct their daily activity within the mozaic landscape of lowland forest and regrowth vegetation. Modelling has shown that elevation, distance from rivers, distance from the edge of the forest, density of the forest canopy, and the slope of the terrain significantly influence the habitat model. Extrapolation of the model to the whole area of Ulu Masen forest (7,496.86 km2) has indentified 23.5% of the area as highly suitable habitat, 71.5% as suitable habitat, and 5.0% as less suitable habitat for the Sumatran tiger. It is also predicted that 5.2% of the ecosystem is highly suitable for future tiger translocation. Despite being preliminary, the findings of this study, the first ever conducted in Sumatra, highlight the conservation value of tiger translocation and provide valuable information for improving future translocation of rescued tigers.
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Judul: Electrochemical Sensor Based on Graphene Oxide/PEDOT:PSS Decorated with AuAg Nanozyme for H2O2 Detection
Abstrak: H2O2 merupakan senyawa penanda hayati keadaan stres oksidatif tubuh sehingga diperlukan metode deteksi H2O2 yang cepat dan akurat. Sensor elektrokimia berbasis nanozyme peroksidase, seperti Au-NPs dan Ag-NPs, menawarkan alternatif metode deteksi yang menjanjikan karena ukuran alat yang kecil, kinerja analitik yang lebih baik, dan efisien biaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan sensor elektrokimia non-enzimatik menggunakan nanopartikel bimetal AuAg pada elektrode karbon kaca yang dimodifikasi dengan komposit grafena oksida dan poli(3,4-etilenadioksitiofena)-poli(stirena-4-sulfonat). Elektrode termodifikasi bimetal AuAg-NPs menunjukkan respons pada H2O2 yang lebih tinggi daripada elektrode termodifikasi monologamnya, dengan respons linear dalam rentang konsentrasi H2O2 75–200 µM, sensitivitas 0,0407 μA μM-1, dan limit deteksi mencapai 25 μM. Elektrode hasil modifikasi menunjukkan keterulangan pengukuran yang baik dan selektif terhadap H2O2. Elektrode yang dimodifikasi berhasil digunakan untuk mengukur kadar H2O2 dalam sampel urine sintetis serta memberikan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata dengan metode spektrofotometri.
Keyword: AuAg-NPs, electrochemical sensor, graphene oxide, H2O2, PEDOT:PSS