Judul: Formulasi sediaan obat kumur berbahan dasar gambir (Uncaria gambier Roxb)
Abstrak: Mouth sanitary is something that important for human, especially on daily social intercourse. On healthy human, mouth foul that happened usually originate fiom inside of mouth caused food residue decaying by bacteria which exist in mouth cavity. Some solution to contend mouth foul caused by various diseases in mouth is by using antibacterial mouthwash which can kill or obstruct the plaque maker bacteria, especially Streptococcus mutans bacteria. Gambier is rubber essence which extracted fiom gambier leaves (Uncaria gambier Roxb) by pressure method (Amos, et al, 2004). Gambier with two main components that are catechin and cathecutannic acid, has an astringent effect, antibacterial, pharmacological and other toxic properties. But the exploration of gambier advantages still not optimal. Gambier uses as a mouthwash preparation is one of the efforts in gambier advantages exploration. Additionally, gambier mouthwash will be able to replace the commercial mouthwash which usually contain high enough of alcohol. Mouthwashes with alcoliol content of 25% or more have been implicated in mouth, tongue and throat cancers about 50% (Brooking and Zaman, 2005).
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Judul: Proses Pembuatan Kembang Gula Tablet Pastiles dengan Penambahan Gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb)
Abstrak: Gambir merupakan sari getah kering yang diperoleh dari tanaman Uncaria gambir Roxb. Fungsi gambir yang telah banyak dikenal antara lain sebagai bahan obat, bahan pembatik, penyamak kulit, ramuan cat, pewarna tekstil, dan ramuan sirih. Sebagai campuran makan sirih, gambir berkhasiat untuk menguatkan gigi dan gusi. Manfaat ini dapat dikembangkan lebih lanjut dengan memanfaatkan gambir dalam produk permen atau kembang gula, sehingga masyarakat dapat menikmati kegunaan gambir untuk menguatkan gigi dan gusi tanpa perlu bersusah payah membuat campuran sirih. Jenis kembang gula yang cocok untuk dikembangkan adalah kembang gula jenis tablet pastiles karena rasanya segar, tidak terlalu manis, dan umumnya rendah kalori, sehingga tidak bertolak belakang dengan manfaat gambir untuk menguatkan gigi dan gusi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui formula terbaik dalam pembuatan kembang gula tablet pastiles dengan penambahan gambir.
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Judul: Pengembangan model probabilistic neural network (PNN) pada pengenalan kisaran usia dan jenis kelamin berbasis suara
Abstrak: Voice signal can be used to represent a speaker. Voice can also be used to recognize the age range and the gender of the speaker, because of the difference in frequency of the voice signal for different age and gender. Age range for this experiment is divided into children (8-10 years old), teenagers (12-17 years old) and adults (30-50 years old). We performed feature extraction to obtain a representation of the speaker using Mel-Frequency Cepstrum Coefficient (MFCC). MFCC is used with 13, 20, 26 coefficients. Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) is used as the feature matching model. The PNN model is constructed from three different proportions of TRD (Training data) : TSD (Testing data) (25%:75%, 50%:50%, 75%:25%). MFCC with 26 coefficient gives the best accuracy of 93.47%. The proportion of 75% (TRD) : 25% (TSD) also gives the best accuracy of 94.22%. PNN-age and PNN-gender identification result in an accuracy of 91.26%. Specifically, PNN accuracy percentage for male and female are 92.26%, and 95.20%, respectively, while for children, teenagers and adults the accuracies are 99.85%, 92.28% and 95.57%, respectively. In conclusion, the average of accuracy for all categories is 91.26%. The experiment using the voice of male-teenagers gives the worst accuracy, which is caused by the overlapping frequencies of voice in children, teenagers and adults.
Keyword: Voice identification, PNN model, MFCC, Age-identification, Gender-identification