Judul: Bathimetri, komposisi sedimen dan acoustic bottom backscattering strength dasar laut dalam Di Selat Makassar.
Abstrak: Di Indonesia studi mengenai laut dalam (deep sea) beserta karakterisitiknya masih sangat terbatas dan belum banyak memberikan informasi bagi kita, bila dibandingkan dengan pengetahuan tentang daratan. Penelitian mengenai sedimen laut dalam beserta pemetaan dasar laut sampai saat ini masih belum banyak dilakukan. Bathimetri atau gambaran relief dasar laut m.erupakan perbedaan kenampakan Atau ciri-ciri dasar laut dan mempunyai arti penting dalam penelitian karena dengan mengetahui roman muka bumi akan memudahkan mengetahui kondisi morfologi suatu daerah. Pengetahuan mengenai morfologi akan sangat membantu, misalnya dalam hal menentukan pola sedimentasi, sumber sediment, rute pelayaran dan perencanaan wilayah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bathimetri dasar laut dengan menggunakan alat hid1'ograpic echOsounder EA 500 dan untuk mengetahui sebaran fraksi sedimen (kerikil, pasir, lanau dan lumpur) dan komposisi sedimen (mineral batuan, karbon dan karbonat) di Selat Makassar. Selain itu, diteliti pula hasil pantulan dasar perairan (acoustic bottom backscattering strength) dan hubungannya dengan jenis sedimen dan hubungannya dengan fraksi sedimen.
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Judul: Deskripsi Kecepatan Suara dan Pergerakan Gelombang Akustik di Selat Makassar
Abstrak: Selat Makassar, secara geografis terletak di antara Pulau Kalimantan dan Pulau Sulawesi. Dilihat dari letaknya, selat tersebut masuk jalur Alur Laut Kepulauan Indonesia (ALKI) dan salah satu jalur utama yang membawa masuknya massa air Arus Lintas Indonesia (ARLINDO). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kecepatan suara dan pola pergerakan gelombang akustik. Data diambil dari web marine.coperniccus.eu berupa data suhu, salinitas, kedalaman, dan kecepatan arus di 5 stasiun yang berbeda. Data yang telah diambil dikonversi menjadi data kecepatan suara, kemudian diubah menjadi data lingkungan. Model bellhop merupakan suatu metode beam tracing yang ditransmisikan melalui medium air laut menggunakan data lingkungan. Semakin dalam perairan, maka suhu akan semakin berkurang, sedangkan salinitas berlaku sebaliknya. Kecepatan suara sangat dipengaruhi suhu dibandingkan parameter lain. Dihasilkan gradien kecepatan suara negatif sehingga pancaran sinar sudut half beam 5° dan 15° merambat di dasar perairan sedangkan sudut half beam 30°menunjukkan pancaran sinar merambat di permukaan dan di dasar perairan. Rata-rata kecepatan suara tertinggi terdapat di Stasiun 4. Semakin besar sudut beam yang digunakan, maka jarak setiap pancaran sinar akan semakin menjauh
Keyword: depth, ray tracing, salinity, sound velocity, temperature

Judul: Kloning dan Ekspresi Human Interferon-alfa2a pada Yeast Metilotropik Pichia pastoris
Abstrak: Interferon (IFN) is a group of proteins that are secreted by body cells as a result of exposure to biological vertebrates such as: viruses, bacteria, protozoa and other compounds. There are three types of interferon, namely: alpha (α), beta (β) and gamma (γ) IFN. Interferon-α2a belongs to the type I interferon. This protein has a molecular weight of 21.550 kDa and consists of 188 amino acids (23 amino acid of signal peptide and 166 amino acids of mature protein). Interferon-α2a is also known to be used for the treatment of hepatitis C and as anti-tumor and antivirus agents. Regulator gene for IFN production under normal conditions, is in the off position to IFN is not produced. But when there are external stimuli, both viral and bacterial infections, a regulator gene switches on, and IFN production system running. At the time of an attack from a variety of disease agents actually the body will produce IFN, but generally the amount produced is not sufficient to fight the disease agents that multiply very quickly. Therefore IFN intake from outside is needed. This is the beginning of the use of IFN as a drug. Genetic engineering is an activity to manipulate the genes to get new products by creating recombinant DNA through gene insertion. Recombinant DNA technology has been used to produce IFN. Yeast such as Pichia pastoris can be an alternative as the host (system) to express human interferon genes and as a producer of IFN protein. Expression system P. pastoris offers several advantages for the production of recombinant proteins, such as: the high level expression of recombinant proteins, ease of scaling-up fermenter, low cost and ease of transformation techniques and selection of transformed cells such as bacteria . The existence of inducible AOX1 promoter is very strong, easily control the expression of recombinant proteins by induction. AOX1 is a promoter that controls gene expression of alcohol oxidase to metabolize methanol as carbon source of P. pastoris. Therefore,this study aimed to clone human interefron-α2a (hifnα2a) gene in E. coli and express it in metylotrophic yeast P. pastoris. Vector used in this study is pPICZαB (Invitrogen). Ligation process between insert (hifn-α2a gene) and vector (pPICZαB) performed by using T4 DNA ligase, which functions synthesize the formation of phosphodiester bonds linking the nucleotides with nucleotide insert plasmid vectors to produce recombinant (pPICZαB-hifnα2a). This recombinant plasmid transformed into XL1 blue cells (E. coli) by Heat shock method. The results of sequencing analysis (clone 6) using 5'AOX and 3'AOX primers indicate that DNA base sequence of human IFN-α2a genes has been subclone into pPICZαB vector (in frame). Recombinant plasmid (clone 6) linearized using BstX1 enzyme before transformed into X33 yeast cell. Transformation into cell was done by Electroporation. The X33 cell P. pastoris strain was used to express human interferon-α2a. X33 is strains with the phenotype Mut+ (methanol utilization plus) and can be used for positive transformants selection using zeocin. Phase protein production work using Mut+ strain occurred in two phases. The first phase is the use of glycerol to obtain a certain amount of biomass (high cell
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