Judul: The Performance of Ongole Grade and Local Crossbreed Cattle Fed Concentrate Based Feed after Short Distance Transportation
Abstrak: Peningkatan produktifitas sapi Peranakan Ongole (PO) dan sapi Silangan Lokal (SL) dapat dilakukan dengan manajemen pemberian pakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi performa sapi PO dan SL pasca transportasi jarak dekat. Penelitian ini menggunakan 4 ekor sapi PO jantan dan 4 ekor sapi SL jantan, umur I1-I2 (18-30 bulan). Rataan bobot awal sapi PO dan SL berturut-turut 285 ± 9,14 kg dan 285,5 ± 35,51 kg. Peubah yang diamati adalah kondisi mikroklimat lingkungan, konsumsi bahan kering, konsumsi protein kasar, konsumsi Total Digestible Nutrient (TDN), susut bobot, pertambahan bobot badan harian, konversi pakan, dan bobot akhir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan nilai THI selama proses pemeliharaan ternak mengalami stres ringan (THI = 76,96 ± 3,36). Proses transportasi jarak dekat menghasilkan susut bobot sapi PO dan sapi SL berturut-turut 2,15±1,3% dan -1,11±1,3% dengan waktu recovery selama 10 hari. Selanjutnya konsumsi protein kasar, TDN, susut bobot, PBBH, konversi, dan bobot akhir adalah sama, sedangkan konsumsi ransum dan BK untuk sapi PO nyata lebih tinggi dibandingkan sapi SL (P<0,05). Rataan konsumsi ransum pada sapi PO dan SL berturut-turut 15,79 ± 1,95 dan 12,4 ± 1,34 kg hari-1 dan konsumsi BK berturut-turut 6,9 ± 0,82 dan 5,81 ± 0,3 kg hari-1., Productivity of Ongole Grade (PO) and Local Crossbreed (SL) cattle could be optimized by feeding management. This study aimed to examine the production performance of PO and SL cattle fed concentrate after short period of transportation. This study used 4 heads of PO cattle bull and 4 heads of SL cattle bull with an average age of I1-I2 (18-30 months). The average body weight of PO and SL cattle were 285 ± 9,14 kg dan 285,5 ± 35,51 kg respectively. The parameters observed comprised microclimate, intake of dry matter, crude protein, Total Digestible Nutrient (TDN), weight loss, average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion, and final weight. The results showed that cattle was on mild stress condition according to the THI value (THI = 76,96 ± 3,36). Short period of transportation result weight loss of PO and SL cattle were 2,15 ± 1,3% and -1,11 ± 1,3% with recovery time of 10 days. Whereas, crude protein intake, TDN, weight loss, ADG, feed conversion, and final weight for both treatments were similar. Furthermore, feed consumption and dry matter intake of PO bull was significantly higher than SL bull (P<0,05). Average feed consumption of PO and SL bull were 15,79 ± 1,95 and 12,4 ± 1,34 kg day-1 and DMI were 6,9 ± 0,82 and 5,81 ± 0,3 kg day-1.
Keyword: commercial concentrate, performance of livestock, PO cattle, SL cattle

Judul: Production Performances of PO Cattle and Local Crossbreed Cattle Fattened Based on Fermented Feed After Short Distance Transportation
Abstrak: Performa produksi sapi pasca transportasi sangat dipengaruhi salah satunya adalah aspek pakan yang berkualitas. Salah satu pakan fermentasi alternatif yang dapat diberikan adalah SORINFER (sorghum indigofera fermentasi). Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi performa produksi sapi PO dan silangan lokal (SL) pada penggemukan berbasis sorinfer. Sapi yang digunakan dalam penelitian berjumlah 7 ekor, terdiri dari 4 ekor sapi PO dengan bobot awal 286,3±37,9 kg dan 3 ekor sapi silangan lokal dengan bobot awal 287,67±4,62 kg. Sapi yang digunakan sapi jantan umur I1-I2 (18-30 bulan). Peubah yang diamati adalah suhu dan kelembapan, themermometer humidity index (THI), konsumsi pakan bahan kering (BK), protein kasar (PK), energi (TDN), pertambahan bobot badan harian (PBBH), konversi ransum dan bobot akhir sapi. Data dianalisis sidik ragam (ANOVA), kemudian diuji bandng dengan uji Tukey. Proses transportasi jarak dekat menghasilkan susut bobot sapi PO 2,01±1,46% dan sapi SL 1,96±3,35% dengan lama recovery sekitar 10 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsumi BK, PK, konversi ransum, PBBH dan bobot akhir sapi PO dan sapi silangan lokal adalah sama. Sorinfer dapat digunakan sebagai pakan alternatif untuk program pemeliharaan penggemukan sapi PO dan Silangan Lokal, meskipun memberikan pertambahan bobot badan harian masih rendah., Good quality of feed is onf of important aspect to maintain catlle post transport. One of the alternative fermented feed that could be given is SORINFER (fermented sorghum indigofera). This study aimed to examine the production performance of PO and local crossbreed cattle fattened with sorinfer feed. The study used 4 heads of PO Cattle bull with initial weight of 286,3±37,9 kg and 18-30 monts of age, 3 heads of local crossbred bull with initial weight of 287,67±4,62 kg 7 as well as 18-30 month of age. The parameters observed were temperature and humidity, THI, consumption of DM, CP, TDN, ADG, ration conversion, and final weight. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA), then tested by Tukey Pairwise Comparisons. The short distance transportation process resulted in weight loss for PO cattle 2,01±1,46% and local crossbreed 1,96±3,35% with a recovery time of about 10 days. The results showed that the consumption of DM, CP, ADG, ration conversion, and final weight of PO cattle and local crossbreed cattle have no difference. Sorinfer can be used as an alternative feed for PO and local crossbreed fattening progams even though it provides low daily body weight gain. Improving the feedlot performance of local cattle based on Sorinfer based could be carried out by addition some concentrate feed.
Keyword: performance production, local crossbreed cattle, PO cattle, sorinfer

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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