Judul: Estimasi Nilai Ekonomi Penurunan Kualitas Lingkungan Akibat Beroperasinya Tempat Pemprosesan Akhir Sampah Cipayung, Depok
Abstrak: The increasing number of residents has caused a significant impact on the environment. Garbage, as residual of human activity, may become a serious problem within human life. The establishment of Cipayung landfill was an effort to solve the problem of garbage in Depok City. Population growth also led to a growing demand for residential land, due to the limited land, many people build their home on the land that is not for habitation Currently, both of the population and Cipayung landfill are facing a new problem. It is considered that the location of landfill is too close to the residence and causing negative externalities to the population. The impact is perceived by the population due to the operation of Cipayung landfill. This led to a decline in the quality of environment, air pollution, and water pollution are the main environmental impact which perceived by the population around Cipayung landfill. The results of this research show the economic value of environmental degradation around Cipayung landfill with the approaximation methods of cost of illness and replacement cost, by the approximation methods above, it is estimated that the economic value of environmental degradation in administrative regions of Cipayung Village is worth Rp 3.288.269.934 per year which is the sum of the cost of illness which is worth Rp 838.202.184 per year and Rp 2.450.067.750 per year for replacement cost of the drinking water.
Keyword: replacement cost., externalities, cost of illness, Cipayung landfill

Judul: Estimasi Nilai Penurunan Kualitas Lingkungan terhadap Harga Lahan di Sekitar Tempat Pembuangan Akhir Sampah Cipayung Kota Depok Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Kondisi TPAS Cipayung yang merupakan satu-satunya TPAS di Kota Depok sudah mengalami over limit, sehingga terdapat gunungan sampah yang menimbulkan dampak negatif di sekitar TPAS Cipayung. Dampak negatif tersebut berupa penurunan kualitas lingkungan yang berdampak pada harga lahan. Harga lahan menjadi menarik karena semakin meningkatnya kebutuhan lahan untuk tempat tinggal. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menunjukkan adanya dampak negatif pencemaran lingkungan terhadap harga lahan dan menghitung nilai ekonomi dari penurunan kualitas lingkungan di sekitar TPAS Cipayung. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu: 1) mengkaji penilaian responden mengenai kondisi lingkungan pemukiman di sekitar TPAS Cipayung dengan menggunakan skala perbedaan semantik, 2) menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi harga lahan di sekitar TPAS Cipayung dengan menggunakan Hedonic Price Method (HPM), 3) menghitung besarnya nilai ekonomi dari penurunan kualitas lingkungan akibat keberadaan TPAS Cipayung digunakan metode dose-respon. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Cipayung Kecamatan Pancoran Mas, Kota Depok. Lokasi ini dipilih secara sengaja (purposive) dikarenakan di daerah tersebut terdapat TPAS Cipayung yang diduga menyebabkan penurunan kualitas lingkungan yang berdampak pada harga lahan di sekitar TPAS Cipayung. Pengambilan data primer dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2008 sampai Juni 2008. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa masyarakat sekitar TPAS Cipayung secara umum menilai keberadaan TPAS Cipayung menurunkan kualitas lingkungan, hal ini dapat ditunjukkan dengan penurunan hasil perhitungan nilai rata-rata semantic differential setelah adanya TPAS Cipayung. Selain itu diketahui bahwa responden mengalami beberapa dampak negatif dari keberadaan TPAS Cipayung yang tidak dikelola dengan baik sehingga dapat mengganggu terhadap kehidupan responden. Penurunan kualitas lingkungan tersebut berpengaruh terhadap harga lahan. Berdasarkan HPM diketahui bahwa harga lahan di Kelurahan Cipayung dipengaruhi oleh jarak tempat tinggal dengan TPAS Cipayung, biaya kesehatan, luas bangunan, dan status lahan. Nilai implisit dari jarak tempat tinggal dengan TPAS Cipayung, luas bangunan, dan status lahan bertanda positif, sedangkan nilai implisit dari biaya kesehatan bertanda negatif. Hasil perhitungan menggunakan metode dose-respon diperoleh nilai ekonomi penurunan kualitas lingkungan akibat keberadaan TPAS Cipayung di Kelurahan Cipayung adalah Rp 97.870.215,00 setiap bulan. Namun demikian nilai ini belum mencerminkan seluruh nilai ekonomi penurunan kualitas lingkungan.
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Judul: Phylogenetic analysis of subgenus Dieramalpinia (Alpinia carolinensis clade) - Zingiberaceae based on ITS sequences
Abstrak: The most recent infra-generic classification of Alpinia Roxb. by Smith divided the genus into two subgenera (Alpinia and Dieramalpinia) with 11 sections and 12 subsections. One of the sections of Alpinia subgenus Dieramalpinia is Myriocrater which contains about 16 species. The most recent phylogenetic study that included species from Alpinia subgenus Dieramalpinia was done by Kress et al. (2007). They sampled only eight species and found that these were nested within a clade referred to as the Alpinia carolinensis clade. This clade was well supported and may be separated as a genus if sampling more species confirms the result. The objectives of the present project are to compare ITS within one species; to test the monophyly of Alpinia section Myriocrater; to test whether adding more samples still supports the Alpinia carolinensis clade. The present study included thirty-nine samples representing nineteen taxa from Alpinia; seven samples are still unidentified at species level. Sequences of the Internal Transcribed Spacer were used in the analysis. The result showed that ITS sequence of Myriocrater’s species are more conserved than another group in Zingiberaceae. There are base variations within species level. The Alpinia section Myriocrater plus five species from other section is not monophyletic. The Alpinia carolinensis clade still includes three sections of Smith classification (Dieramalpinia, Myriocrater and Pycnanthus) from subgenus Dieramalpinia. Alpinia subgenus Dieramalpinia section Eubractea and one species of section Dieramalpinia are separated into another clade.
Keyword: Alpinia, Myriocrater, Dieramalpinia, Alpinia carolinensis clade