Judul: Identifikasi dan penentuan faktor-faktor utama penyebab tanah longsor di Kabupaten Garut, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: According to the data of mass movement disaster in Indonesia from 1990 to 2002, West Java Province (including Banten Province) frequentcy experienced landslide disaster. The map of mass movement of Garut District (Peta Gerakan Tanah Kabupaten Garut) made by Directorate of Vulcanology and Geological Disaster Mitigation (Direktorat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi – DVMG), showed that there were several areas in Garut District classified in Susceptible Zones of high mass movement such as Banjarwangi District, Singajaya and Peundeuy. This study aims to 1) identify and analyze the characteristics of landslide in Garut District particularly in 3 municipals (Banjarwangi, Singajaya, and Peundeuy), 2) develop a model of relationsh ip between various causes of landslide and its conditions. In the preliminary stage of the study, literatures study on various factors of landslide were conducted and it is established in check list form as the field manual. The factors of landslide were then identified and analyzed. Based on analyzed data Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was conducted as well as cluster analysis and regression analysis to develop model of the landslide. Based on the observation, there were 32 spots of landslides occurred in the study area. There were 2 (two) characteristics of landslide found : 1) earth flow (30 cases or 94%), and 2) subsidence (2 cases or 60%). The high landslide as found in rice field area (25 spots) and followed by mixture garden/agroforestry (4 spots), 2 spots in housing area and 1 spot in the annual crops planted area. Analysis of PCA resulted 5 cluster with >40% similarity index. The multiple regression has generated an equation as followed: Y = 1.55 + 0.00186 v1 - 0.061 v3 + 0.038 v4 + 0.0216 v9 - 0.100 v13 where; Y : conditions of landslide zones, v1: soil thickness, v3: erosion conditions, v4: soil texture, v9: slope, and v13 : landuse (rice field).
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Judul: Modeling Spasial Kerentanan Longsor. (Studi Kasus di Propinsi Jawa Barat, Indonesia).
Abstrak: Indonesia is frequently affected by landslides caused by both rainfall and earthquakes. During the period 1981-2007 the annual landslide frequency varies with an average of 49 events per year this was reported by (Chrisanto et al., 2008). There is also information from the global catalogue presented by (Kirschbaum et al., 2009) where in the years 2003 and from 2007 to 2009 there were reports 97 landslides in Indonesia, which produced 872 casualties. Also within the period of 2011-2012 where in 2011 there was about 29 events in West Java alone and in 2012 almost all of regions in Indonesia had a landslide event due to the high intensity of rainfall and active tectonic systems in that year. (Geological Agency, 2011 & 2012). Fatalities in Indonesia caused by landslides were also high. Study done by (Petley, 2007) showed that in 2007, total number of fatalities caused by landslides in Indonesia alone was 465 which was the second highest next to China. Due to the high occurrences of landslides and the number of fatalities, there is a need of mitigation strategies in Indonesia to prevent future landslide disasters. One of the mitigation strategy is to provide landslide susceptibility mapping. This research aims into developing a spatial modeling method in landslide susceptibility that can find landslide susceptibility area based on the data being analyzed. The result of the research can also observe the main factors that supports the events of landslides; predict the areas that are prone to landslides; and generate landslide susceptibility map of the areas that are prone to landslides. This research is done within 4 regencies in West Java Province which are Cianjur Regency, West Bandung regency, Bandung Regency, and Garut Regency. The area of this research is chosen because of the characteristic that is mountainous in the West Java Province which is the characteristic where landslides most likely occur in West Java. The materials used in this research is digital maps in vector format that is Landuse/Landcover Map, Soil Type Map, Geology Map, Climate Type Map, Annual Rainfall per Year Map, Landsystem Map, River Map, and Landslide Data. The tools used in this research are Personal Computer, GIS Software, Statistic Software (SPSS), Microsoft Office (MS Word, and MS Excel), and GPS. The factors were given rescaled scores based on the correlation between the landslide densities. The methods used in this analysis were regression analysis and correlation analysis in determining the factors to be analyzed and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in determining the weight of each factors. From the 9 factors of landslide chosen for the analysis, based on the result of the weight determination, principal component 1 until principal component 8 which explained 96% of the total variance of the data gave the most accurate overall accuracy result for 3 susceptibility class at 68.20%. The mathematical equation obtained from this model: Landslide Susceptibility Index (LSI) = 0.231 * Landuse/Landcover + 0.188 * Slope + 0.112 * Distance to River + 0.107 * Soil Type + 0.100 * Annual Rainfall + 0.073 * Population Density + 0.068 * Geology Age + 0.066
Keyword: Landslide Susceptibility, PCA, Spatial Modeling, West Java, Rainfall, Geology Map, Scoring Development, Earth Qualies, Natural Resources

Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell