Judul: Peran Ekstrak Tempe terhadap Kinerja Organ TestisAnak Tikus Usia Prapubertas
Abstrak: Tempe is a fermented soy product from Rhizopus sp., and it contain phytoestrogens derived from the isoflavones group. This research was conducted to study the potential of tempe extract to the reproduction performance of prepuberty male rats (Rattus norvegicus). Rats were divided into two groups, which were control group without given any therapy and treatment group that has been given 0.25 g/kgBW/day of tempe extract from the age of 21-days old until 48 days-old. At the age of 28, 42, and 56 days, samples of testes, and blood were collected from male rats. The parameters observed were the wet and dry weight, the total of DNA and RNA, and testosterone concentration. Data were analysed using an Independent Samples T-Test method with 95% confidence interval. Results showed that increasing of the rates of testosterone hormone at the age of 42 and 56 days, increasing in total of RNA at the age 28 and 42 days, but decreasing in total of DNA rats given phytoestrogen therapy.
Keyword: total of DNA and RNA, testosterone, testes, tempe, phytoestrogens

Judul: Peran Ekstrak Tempe pada Masa Prapubertas terhadap Kinerja Reproduksi Tikus Betina Rattus norvegicus
Abstrak: Tempe extract is one of soybean processed that has phytoestrogens within it. Research was conducted to analyse the potency of tempe estrogenic at prepuberty periode to reproduction system in female rats (Rattus nonvergicus) at the age of 21 days. Rats were divided into control group (without given tempe extract) and treatment group (given 6.25 g/kgBW tempe extract). Tempe extract were given during 28 days. At the age of 28, 42, and 56 days, samples of ovarium, uterus, and blood were collected from the female rats. Parameters observed were body weight, ovarium weight, uterus weight, and reproduction hormone content which were estrogen and testosteron. Data were analysed using Independent Samples T-Test methode with 95% confidence interval. Results showed that increasing of ovarium weight of treatment group is higher than control group at the age of 42 days. Phytoestrogens given is assumed to increase estrogen and testosteron at female rats at the age of 42 days.
Keyword: estrogen, ovarium, phytoestrogen, prepuberty, tempe extract, uterus

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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