Judul: Analisis Pola Agroforestri Tradisional di Distrik Kokas Kabupaten Fakfak Propinsi Papua Barat
Abstrak: One method of cultivating the forest in Fakfak Regency is the practice of traditional agroforesty system known as garden system. The garden managemen It is based on the existing local knowledge and was produced to substance needs. It is necessary to study the management and the benefits from this agroforestry garden. This study was conducted in one month, on May 2012, and located in the province of West Papua, Fakfak Regency, Kokas District. Targeting farmers who have gardens (traditional agroforestri). Respondets interviewed were as many as 37 people in two villages, namely the villages of Kiriwas-was and Kinam. The respondents in each village were selected by a purposive sampling method. The data were collected from secondary data as well by interview and observation. The data were processed and analyzed with a method of reduction, presentation, and conclusion. The gardens owned by the respondents came from natural forests, which were then opened and made into gardens. Natural forests are opened and divided among the clans; and the respondents‟ gardens were in general inherited property (land). Garden cultivation is divided into several simple (traditional) activities such as land preparation, seed preparation, planting, maintenance, and harvesting. The results of the field study showed that the most common planting pattern (agroforestri) was the combination of wood, fruits and plantation crops. The crops selected were the types that do not require too much care, attention, and of local mainstay for example, nutmeg (Pala). These garden gave so many contribution to farmers income. It can be seen from the average contribution to the total income from the farmers garden, that is equal to 53,5%. The problem faced by the average farmers from the three tribes is the intrusion of animals such as wild boar, deer and other forest animals.
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Judul: Analysis of Food Supplying Pattern and Strategy of Social Forestry's Fanner Household in Lampung Barat
Abstrak: The government of Lampung Barat District need information about food supplying pattern and strategy of Social Forestry's farmer household. This inf~tion is essential for formulating forestry policy and program that support foo~ecurity of Social Forestry's fanner who utilize the forestry by planting coffel: The objectives of this research were to: 1) know the socio economic cha~teristics of Social Forestry's fanner household in Lampung Barat District, 2) a~lyze food supply level of Social Forestry's fanner household in Lampung BarafllDistrict, 3) know the source and cost of food supplying of Social Forestry's fann~ household in Lampung Barat District, 4) know food supplying strategy of Sociaf Forestry's farmer household in Lampung Barat District. The research was cond@ted in October-November 2008 by using cross sectional study design. The sam~ was 90 Social Forestry's fanner households. The data obtained by the reseaWh were household characteristics; food supplying pattern and strategy whidi analyzed descriptively and inferentially. More than half of the samples (78~1;are small households with all fanners and housewives are in productive age and illl elementary school. The income per capita per month of the sample is Rp 509.626, obtained from both Social Forestry and Non Social Forestry works. The food &xpenditure per capita per month is Rp 213.136, while non food expenditure per c~ita per month is Rp 197.851. The larger shares of food expenditure are utiliz&i in food supplying of cereals (31,7%), vegetables and fruits (20,3%), and animi food (18,5%). Energy supplying of the sample for cereals, vegetables and fruits?'oils and fats, sugar, and others are sufficient, while energy supplying for tubers, animal protein, legumes, and oily seed are not sufficient. The food supply is obtained by purchasing (70,8%), self production (28,2%), and other sources (0,4%). Strategies for raising income conducted by the sample are searching supplementary income other than the main working field; conducting husbandry; and planting crops in garden. Saving is a strategy rarely conducted by the sample.
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Judul: Pemurnian dan karakterisasi protein inhibitor RNA helikase virus hepatitis C
Abstrak: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the second most common chronic viral infection in the world with global prevalence. This infection is contribution to chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, often leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. There is no effective drug and vaccine available against HCV. The current standard treatment, a combination of pegylated interferon-α with ribavirin, is limited by its suboptimal response rate in a significant patient population, side effects, and affordability. Therefore, development of effective drug is needed. One approach to find out the candidate of antiviral drug is to discover the inhibitor of enzyme that essential for virus replication, such as RNA helicase. Streptomyces chartreusis 5-095 produce the inhibitor of HCV RNA helicase. The aim of this study was to purify the protein inhibitor which has inhibition activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV from S. chartreusis 5-095. The supernatant of culture S. chartreusis 5-095 exhibited high inhibiton activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV (approximately 72%) at 10 days of incubation. The extracellular protein inhibitor was partially purified by procedures of precipitation with ammonium sulfate to 65% saturation and gel filtration (Sephadex G50) using methanol water solution (4:6) as an eluen. The purity of protein inhibitor was monitored by SDS PAGE. The protein inhibitor showed a relative molecular mass were estimated to be 14 kDa and increased the purity 23,08 fold than those of the crude protein. The specific activity and IC50 after purification were 13,1338 U/mg and 0,0767 mg/mL, respectively. The activity of purified protein inhibitor showed its stability over pH range from 5-8 and optimum at pH 7,4. The inhibition activity showed its stability up to 70% at temperature 100 oC. The purified protein inhibitor relatively stable its activity at storage in the range of -20 oC to room temperature for 35 days.
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