Judul: Analysis of Odour Levels in Ambient Air to Determine Environmental Nuisance Scale
Abstrak: Sebagian masyarakat merasakan kehadiran bau yang mengganggu meskipun konsentrasi baunya tidak melanggar Kepmen LH No. 50 Tahun 1996. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis konsentrasi senyawa kebauan dalam udara ambien, menentukan skala kebauan berdasarkan konsentrasinya dalam udara ambien, dan merancang bangun alat reduksi konsentrasi gas kebauan. Pengujian dilakukan dengan pengukuran konsentrasi gas kebauan dan skala hedonisme panelis menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi lima (5) parameter gas, yaitu amonia, metil merkaptan, hidrogen sulfida, metil sulfida, dan stirena di Lingkungan Industri Kecil (LIK) Kabupaten Magetan dan bak kompos Kota Bogor berada di bawah baku mutu. Semakin dekat titik lokasi pengukuran dengan sumber bau, kesan bau yang dirasakan semakin kuat. Hubungan antara konsentrasi gas dan skala hedonisme pada parameter amonia, yaitu sangat kecil, seperti terlihat dari koefisien koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,2189 di LIK Magetan dan 0,0476 di sekitar bak kompos. Nilai rata-rata skala hedonisme bau tinja dan bangkai masing-masing sebesar -3,0 dan -3,2. Nilai skala hedonisme bau tersebut dapat direduksi menggunakan biofilter. Efisiensi reduksi biofilter untuk reduksi bau ikan busuk sebesar 35%, bau kotoran kambing sebesar 70%, bau limbah kompos sebesar 82%, dan bau bangkai ayam sebesar 47%., Some people feel disturbing odour although the smell concentration does not violate the Minister of Environment Decree No. 50 of 1996. This study aims to measure and analyze the odorous compound’s concentration and several types of odour sources in ambient air, determine an odor scale based on its concentration in ambient air, and design odour gas concentration reduction device. The test carried out by measuring odorous gases’s concentration and hedonism scale questionnaire by panelists. The results concentration of five gas parameters, namely ammonia, methyl mercaptan, hydrogen sulfide, methyl sulfide, and styrene in the small industrial environment (LIK) of Magetan Regency and compost bins in Bogor City is below the quality standard. The odour smell stronger when measurement is closer to the source. The relationship between gas concentration and hedonism scale on ammonia parameter is very least as seen from coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.2189 (LIK Magetan) and 0.0476 (compost bin). The hedonism scale’s average of feces and carcasses odour was -3,0 and -3.2. The odor hedonism scale can be reduced using a biofilter. Biofilter’s reduction efficiency on rotten fish odour is 35%, goat manure odour is 70%, compost waste is odour 82%, and chicken carcass odour is 47%.
Keyword: : biofilter, hedonic scale, odour gas concentration, panelists

Judul: Penyusunan Skala Hedonisme Kebauan Beberapa Sumber di Bogor
Abstrak: Odor pollution is a stimulus of substance received by the sense of smell while malodor is undesirable odor in some amount and time that can interfere human health and environmental comfort. The purpose of this study was to develop a hedonic scale of malodour and analyzing the factors that cause malodour pollution. This research method uses 10 panelist members according with KEP 50/MENLH/11/1996. Measurement of hedonic scale was carried out in the tofu producer, slaughter house, solid waste treatment facility, traditional markets, and compost installation suspected to create an malodour impression, while allegedly causing positive impression used 18 samples of materials. Hedonic scale of malodor was designed in between 1-10, ranging from being very dislike to very like. Scale indicating the negative effect are in the range of odor ≤5, while the scale showed positive effect are > 5. Place and samples obtain the value of a malodor hedonic scale negative is slaughter house, traditional markets (los meat), solid waste treatment facility, tofu producer Bandung, food raw materials, chicken coop, camphor, and embrocation, while malodor hedonic scale is traditional markets (los vegetable and los clothing), tofu producer Sumedang, compost installation, warm drinks, soft drink, balm, perfum, softener, shampoo, soap cream, detergent. Factor affecting the air pollution are air flow, indoor and outdoor area, long exposure, and the presence of compounds that cause malodour on literature of ammonia, hydrogen sulphide (H2S), trimethy lamine, indole, skatole, thiol, mercaptan, dimetilsulphide, and methyl salisilate.
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Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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