Judul: Kajian proses produksi Maltodekstrin Dextrose Equivalent (DE) rendah  dari pati pisang (Musa sp.) dengan proses hidrolisis enzimatis
Abstrak: This study was aimed to produce low DE maltodextrin from banana starch. Banana starch was extracted from unpired banana fruit and then hydrolyzed enzymatically. The optimum temperature, concentration of substrate, time and enzyme concentration for starch hydrolisis were determined.
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Judul: Desain Proses Produksi Maltodekstrin Menggunakan Pati Talas Dengan Enzim α-amilase.
Abstrak: Pati talas sangat potensial dijadikan sebagai pati industri karena memiliki swelling power dan peak viscosity yang tinggi, serta membentuk struktur gel yang halus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendesain proses produksi maltodekstrin dari pati talas menggunakan enzim α-amilase. Tahapan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari pemilihan alternatif proses, penentuan alur proses, perhitungan neraca massa, pemilihan mesin dan peralatan, penentuan tata letak pabrik, dan analisis finansial. Produksi maltodekstrin diawali dengan mereaksikan 600 kg pati talas yang disuspensikan dalam larutan CaCl2 dan enzim α-amilase sebagai katalisator dalam reaktor berpengaduk. Hasil pencampuran tersebut akan dimurnikan melalui proses ultrafiltrasi dan nanofiltrasi, kemudian dikeringkan dalam spray dryer. Produk yang diperoleh adalah 314,56 kg maltodekstrin dengan kadar air 3%. Kebutuhan energi listrik adalah 321,5 kWh/batch-nya. Tata letak bangunan ditentukan dengan metode Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) dan Total Closeness Rating (TCR). Luas bangunan produksi sebesar 211 m2, dengan luas tanah 300 m2. Desain proses produksi maltodekstrin dari pati talas layak secara ekonomi, dengan NPV sebesar Rp 7 016 913 045, Net B/C sebesar 4,61, IRR sebesar 47,43%, dan PP 3,12 tahun., Taro starch has potential to be used an industrial starch because it has high swelling power dan peak viscosity, and form a smooth gel structure. This study aims to design a production process of maltodextrin from taro starch. The stage of this study consist of selecting alternative processes, determining process flow, calculating mass balance, selecting machinery and equipments, determining plant layout, and economic analysis. Maltodextrin production begins by reacting 600 kg of taro starch in CaCl2 solution and α-amylase enzyme using a stirred tank reactor. The reaction result will purified by ultrafiltration dan nanofiltration methods, then dried by spray dryer. The yield of this process is 314,56 kg of maltodextrin with 3% of moisture content. The electrical energy required by production machinery dan equipments is 321,5 kWh/batch. Production building layout is determined by Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) dan Total Closeness Rating (TCR).. Production building area is 194 m2, with land area is 300 m2. Maltodextrin process design is economically feasible, with Rp 7 016 913 045 of NPV, 4,61 of Net B/C, 47,43% of IRR, and 3,12 years of payback period.
Keyword: Design process, feasibility, maltodextrin, taro starch

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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