Judul: Diversity of Soil Mesofauna Species in Various  Types of Land Cover in Panglungan Village, Jombang District
Abstrak: Jenis tutupan lahan berpengaruh terhadap kondisi tanahyang selanjutnya berakibat pula pada perbedaan keanekaragaman mesofauna tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tutupan lahan terhadap keanekaragaman mesofauna tanah di bawahnya. Metodologi yang digunakan meliputi analisis kualitas tanah, kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman mesofauna tanah, serta menguji tingkat kesamaan komunitas mesofauna tanah antar tutupan lahan. Pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan di beberapa titik pada masing-masing tutupan lahan, yaitu ladang jagung, perkebunan kopi, dan hutan sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan ditemukan 20 famili dari 13 ordo yang berbeda. Kelimpahan populasi mesofauna tanah tertinggi terdapat pada tutupan lahan ladang jagung, sedangkan kelimpahan terendah terdapat pada tutupan lahan perkebunan kopi. Nilai keanekaragaman mesofauna tanah tertinggi terdapat pada tutupan lahan hutan sekunder, sedangkan nilai keanekaragaman mesofauna tanah terendah terdapat pada tutupan lahan perkebunan kopi. Perbedaan jenis dan keanekaragaman vegetasi dapat meningkatkan keanekaragaman mesofauna tanah, sedangkan campur tangan terhadap tanah, seperti pemupukan dapat menurunkan keanekaragaman mesofauna tanah., Types of land cover affect soil condition which results in differences in the diversity of soil mesofauna. This study aims to determine the effect of land cover on the diversity of mesofauna in the underlying soil. Method of this study included analysis of soil quality, abundance, and diversity of soil mesofauna, as well as testing the level of similarity of soil mesofauna communities between land covers. Soil sampling was carried out at several points in each land cover, namely rice fields, coffee plantations, and secondary forests. The results of this analysis showed that there were 20 families of mesofauna from 13 different orders. The highest abundance of soil mesofauna population was found in rice field land cover, while the lowest abundance was in coffee plantation land cover. The highest value of soil mesofauna diversity was found in secondary forest land cover. On the other hand, the coffee plantation land cover was found as having the lowest soil mesofauna diversity. The differences between types and diversity of vegetation can increase the diversity of soil mesofauna, while intervention on soil, such as fertilization can reduce soil mesofauna diversity.
Keyword: kelimpahan, keanekaragaman, mesofauna tanah, tutupan lahan, abundance, diversity, land cover, soil mesofauna

Judul: Abundance of Soil Macrofauna on Several Land Covers in Balangan Regency, South Kalimantan Province
Abstrak: Keberadaan makrofauna tanah memiliki peran penting dalam mempertahankan dan mengembalikan kesuburan tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kelimpahan makrofauna tanah dan pengaruh jenis vegetasi, serta lingkungan terhadap kelimpahan makrofauna tanah pada beberapa tutupan lahan di Kabupaten Balangan, Kalimantan Selatan. Pembuatan petak dengan ukuran 20 m × 20 m secara purposive sampling. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) dan uji korelasi Pearson. Kelimpahan makrofauna tanah secara keseluruhan terdiri atas 15 ordo dan 27 famili dengan total individu sebanyak 370 individu/m². Hasil uji BNT menunjukkan kelimpahan makrofauna tanah berbeda nyata di hutan sekunder dan lahan kosong, sedangkan kelimpahan makrofauna tanah tidak berbeda nyata antara hutan meranti dan kebun karet. Berdasarkan uji korelasi Pearson, faktor klimatis kelembapan tanah memiliki hubungan positif yang sangat kuat terhadap kelimpahan makrofauna tanah, serta faktor edafis seperti porositas, C-organik, respirasi, berat basah, berat kering, dan kadar air juga memiliki hubungan positif yang sangat kuat terhadap kelimpahan makrofauna tanah., The existence of soil macrofauna has an important role in maintaining and restoring soil fertility. This study aimed to analyze the abundance of soil macrofauna and the influence of vegetation type, as well as the environment on the abundance of soil macrofauna in several land covers in Balangan Regency, South Kalimantan. Plots measuring 20 m × 20 m were made using purposive sampling. Data analysis used the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test and Pearson correlation test. The overall abundance of soil macrofauna consists of 15 orders and 27 families with a total of 370 individuals/m². The BNT test results showed that the abundance of soil macrofauna was significantly different in secondary forests and empty land, while the abundance of soil macrofauna was not significantly different between meranti forests and rubber plantations. Based on the Pearson correlation test, the climatic factor of soil moisture has a very strong positive relationship with the abundance of soil macrofauna, and edaphic factors such as porosity, C-organic, respiration, wet weight, dry weight, and moisture content also have a very strong positive relationship with the abundance of soil macrofauna.
Keyword: climatic, edaphic, formicidae, secondary forest, vegetation

Judul: Pemurnian dan karakterisasi protein inhibitor RNA helikase virus hepatitis C
Abstrak: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the second most common chronic viral infection in the world with global prevalence. This infection is contribution to chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, often leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. There is no effective drug and vaccine available against HCV. The current standard treatment, a combination of pegylated interferon-α with ribavirin, is limited by its suboptimal response rate in a significant patient population, side effects, and affordability. Therefore, development of effective drug is needed. One approach to find out the candidate of antiviral drug is to discover the inhibitor of enzyme that essential for virus replication, such as RNA helicase. Streptomyces chartreusis 5-095 produce the inhibitor of HCV RNA helicase. The aim of this study was to purify the protein inhibitor which has inhibition activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV from S. chartreusis 5-095. The supernatant of culture S. chartreusis 5-095 exhibited high inhibiton activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV (approximately 72%) at 10 days of incubation. The extracellular protein inhibitor was partially purified by procedures of precipitation with ammonium sulfate to 65% saturation and gel filtration (Sephadex G50) using methanol water solution (4:6) as an eluen. The purity of protein inhibitor was monitored by SDS PAGE. The protein inhibitor showed a relative molecular mass were estimated to be 14 kDa and increased the purity 23,08 fold than those of the crude protein. The specific activity and IC50 after purification were 13,1338 U/mg and 0,0767 mg/mL, respectively. The activity of purified protein inhibitor showed its stability over pH range from 5-8 and optimum at pH 7,4. The inhibition activity showed its stability up to 70% at temperature 100 oC. The purified protein inhibitor relatively stable its activity at storage in the range of -20 oC to room temperature for 35 days.
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