Judul: Pengaruh residu insektisida marshal 20 EC Applaud 10 WP, Hopcin 50 EC dan Mipcin 50 WP terhadap mortalitas hama wereng batang coklat Nilaparvata lugens stal.( Homoptera : Delphacidae) pada padi
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui sampai berapa lama daya kerja residu dari empat macam insektisida:: Marshal 20 EC diuji dalam empat dosis, Applaud 10 WP, Hopcin 50 EC dan Mipcin 50 WP dalam mengendalikan wereng batang coklat. Wereng batang coklat yang digunakan sebagai serangga uji adalah nimfa instar tiga dan instar lima. Wereng batang coklat tersebut diinokulasikan pada 0, 5, 10 dan 15 hari setelah pemberian insektisida. Mortalitas diamati setelah 48 jam. Percobaan dilakukan di rumah kaca Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Insektisida yang berbeda mempunyai efektifitas dan persistensi yang berbeda. Efektivitas Marshal, Hopcin dan Mipcin terhadap nimfa wereng batang coklat instar tiga dan lima menurun dengan cepat pada hari ke 5 dibandingkan dengan efektivitas pada hari perlakuan (0 hari). Pada hari 10 dan 15 setelah perlakuan ke empat insektisida tidak mempunyai daya bunuh yang berarti. Sebaliknya Applaud tidak menunjukkan daya bunuh (50%) yang tinggi pada hari perlakuan, tetapi sifat racunnya bertahan sampai hari ke 15….
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Judul: Pengaruh insektisida bancol 250 EC dan evisect 50 WP terhadap kematian wereng coklat Nilaparvata Iugens STAL (Homoptera : Delphacidae)
Abstrak: Percobaan yang berlangsung dari bulan Juni sampai September 1992 dan dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Biologi dan Ekologi Serangga, Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan ini bertujuan untuk menilai efektifitas residu insektisida Bancol 250 EC dan Evisect 50 WP serta mengetahui pengaruh insektisida tersebut secara kontak terhadap wereng coklat. Alasan pelaksanaannya adalah bahwa insektisida Bancol 250 EC dan Evisect 50 WP masih tergolong insektisida baru dan belum umum digunakan petani. Percobaan ini meliputi dua metode yaitu metode residu dan metode kontak langsung. Pada percobaan dengan metode residu, cairan insektisida disemprotkan langsung ke tanaman padi yang berada di gelas plastik serta dinding bagian dalam dari kurungan plastik dengan menggunakan hand sprayer. Dosis yang digunakan adalah dosis anjuran. Infestasi serangga dilakukan dalam hari yang berbeda untuk tiap perlakuan yaitu 0 hari setelah semprot (hss), 3 hss, 5 hss, 7 hss dan 10 hss. Tiap gelas plastik dimasukan 10 ekor nimfa instar tiga wereng coklat, ditutup kurungan dan stereo foam sebagai alas. ....
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Judul: The construction of a rule to combine sentence graphs
Abstrak: Nowadays, people prefer to read an electronic article or text and it requires a short time to understand the content or substance of the text. This is due to time constraints and other activities are more important than reading. However, reading remains an important thing to do. This can be solved by making a summary of the text. Summary text is done by using the Knowledge Graph and carried through two stages, namely representation and simplification or simplification results representation. Representation of a text is carried out in stages because the text has several elements, ie words, phrases, clauses, sentences, and paragraphs. Representation of text elements that have been researched are words, phrases, and clauses. The representation can be used to generate a representation of the sentence. Representation of sentences requires a rule so that everyone produces the same representation. Therefore, the authors conducts a study on a representation of the meaning of the sentence. This research aims are to create a rule to construct a sentence graph and a rule to combine sentence graphs. The benefit of this research is to provide the rules for constructing a sentence graph thus eliminating the ambiguity of the sentence. Knowledge Graph method is a way to describe or represent of human language that is more centered on the semantic aspects of the syntactic aspect. The Knowledge Graph consists of two components, namely concept and relationship. Concept consists of three elements, namely token, type, and name. Token is a concept that is understood by a person according to their perspectives; this affects token to be subjective. Type is a concept that has been agreed and it is considered as general information so that affect type to be objective. Name is an individualized concept and unique. Relationship consists of several types of relations, namely ALI, CAU, SUB, DIS, ORD, PAR, EQU, and SKO. ALI relation is used to connecting the token with the type. CAU relation is used to connecting the two concepts that have a causal relationship. SUB relation expresses a concept as a part of another concept. DIS relation is used to presenting two concepts are not the same. ORD relation is stated that two things have a certain order to each other. PAR relation is stated that a thing is an attributes (properties) of the other things. EQU relation is used to connecting the two equal or similar concept. SKO relation expresses dependency relationship between two concepts. This study uses a sentence that has a type based on the basic structure of the sentence, which is the structure of subject-predicate sentence, the structure of subject-predicate-object sentence, the structure of subject-predicate-adverb sentence, the structure of subject-predicate-complement sentence, the structure of subject-predicate-object-adverb sentence, and the structure of subject-predicate-object-complement sentence. Chronology of the research is as follows, (1) studying literature which is about the types of sentences, the Knowledge Graph methods, the application of the Knowledge graph methods, and the standard procedures for Indonesian language. (2) creating rules to construct a sentence graph, with the following steps, (2a) construct a sentence graph, (2b) test rules to
Keyword: a rule to combine sentence graphs, a rule to construct a sentence graph, Knowledge Graph, Sentence Graph