Judul: Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian anemia pada remaja dan dewasa di DKI Jakarta Tahun 2007
Abstrak: Secara umum penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian anemia pada kelompok remaja dan dewasa di DKI Jakarta tahun 2007. Adapun tujuan khusus dari penelitian ini adalah (1) Mengidentifikasi sebaran contoh anemia pada kelompok remaja di DKI Jakarta, (2) Mengidentifikasi sebaran contoh anemia pada kelompok dewasa di DKI Jakarta, (3) Mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia pada kelompok remaja di DKI Jakarta, (4) Mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia pada kelompok dewasa di DKI Jakarta, (5) Mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian anemia pada kelompok remaja di DKI Jakarta, dan (6) Mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian anemia pada kelompok dewasa di DKI Jakarta. Penelitian ini seluruhnya dilakukan dengan mengolah data dari Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RISKESDAS) 2007 yang berupa data sekunder dengan metode cross-sectional study. Penelitian yang memiliki desain cross sectional study ini dilakukan di Bogor pada bulan Maret hingga Mei 2009. Pemilihan daerah penelitian hanya dipilih untuk wilayah DKI Jakarta dari 33 provinsi di Indonesia. Pengolahan, analisis, dan interpretasi data dilakukan di kampus IPB Dramaga Bogor, Jawa Barat. Umur contoh dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yakni remaja menurut WHO (1995) berada pada kisaran umur 10-19 tahun, sedangkan kelompok dewasa menurut Ge K et al. (1994) diacu dalam WHO (1995) berada pada kisaran umur 20-59 tahun sehingga besar sampel dengan data lengkap adalah 767 sampel yang meliputi 140 sampel remaja dan 627 sampel dewasa. Data-data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini seluruhnya merupakan data sekunder wilayah DKI Jakarta tahun 2007 yang diperoleh dari Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdes 2007), Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, Departemen Kesehatan RI. Data terdiri dari data Kesehatan Masyarakat (Kesmas) dan biomedis. Data Kesmas meliputi karakterisik umum contoh (umur, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, pekerjaan, besar keluarga), status gizi, riwayat diare, dan gaya hidup (perilaku minum alkohol, minuman berkafein, dan konsumsi buah), sedangkan data biomedis berupa kadar hemoglobin untuk mengetahui status anemia contoh. Data yang telah diperoleh dan terkumpul kemudian dianalisis baik secara manual atau dengan menggunakan Microsoft Excel 2003 for Windows dan SPSS 13.0 for Windows dan analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah univariat, bivariat (Chi Square dan korelasi Spearman), dan multivariat (regresi logistik).
Keyword: Adolescents, Adults, Protective factor, Risk factor, Logistic regression, Caffeine

Judul: Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Anemia Pada Remaja Dan Dewasa Di Dki Jakarta  Tahun 2007
Abstrak: Anemia is one of the public health problem. Data of RISKESDAS 2007 showed that the prevalence of anemia in DKI Jakarta 2007 is about 15.0 % (14.2% among adolescents and 59.1% among adults), which is higher compared to the national prevalence (11.9%). The objective of this research was to analyze factors that affect anemia among adolescents and adults in Jakarta year 2007. This was a cross-sectional study design, using secondary data of RISKESDAS year 2007. The subjects were 140 adolescents (10-19 yrs) and 627 adults (20-59 yrs). Data was processed by Microsoft Excel 2003 and SPSS program version 13.0. Anemia, defined as haemoglobin concentration <11.5 g/dl (10-11 yrs), <12 g/dl (12-14 yrs), <12 g/dl (women >15 yrs), and <13 g/dl (men >15 yrs) (WHO 2001). The results of a binary logistic regression analysis show that the factors that affected anemia for adolescents is frequently caffeine consumption (OR 0.354). While the factors that affected anemia for adults are women (OR 2.332) and overweight (OR 0.504).
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Judul: Extracellular Expression of thermostable Geobacillus stearothermophilus T1.2RQ Lipase for Biodiesel Production
Abstrak: The extracellular expression of enzymes in an excellent secretion host such as Bacillus subtilis is a useful strategy for making enzymes of industrial significance more affordable by lowering the cost of its downstream processing. Lipases are a category of hydrolases that catalyze the hydrolysis of triglycerides to glycerol and free fatty acids. Also, lipases catalyze the hydrolysis and transesterification of other esters as well as the synthesis of esters. They can perform very specific biotransformation reactions and are widely used in food, organic synthesis, detergents, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Geobacillus stearothermophilus T1.2RQ lipase is an industrially-desired thermostable lipolytic enzyme with an excellent hydrolytic and transesterification activity. This study aimed to express T1.2RQ lipase, in B. subtilis WB800 and ensure its secretion into the extracellular medium. Three signal peptides (AmyQ, Epr, LipA) and two promoters (Pgrac01 and Pgrac100) were used in the secretory-expression of T1.2RQ lipase, based on five constructed expression vectors constructed by restriction cloning and PCR mutagenesis. Sangers sequencing was used to verify constructs to ensure they are in the correct reading frame. Recombinants vectors, pHT43 (plasmid control), pHT43-T1.2RQ, pHT43- T1.2RQ_AmyQ, pHT43-T1.2RQ_Epr, and pHT43-T1.2RQ_LipA, were transformed by electroporation into Bacillus subtilis WB800. The electroporation was successful with the optimum condition of 2500V, 200 ohms, 25µF, and 5milliseconds. Recombinant B. subtilis pHT43 (negative control) and pHT43-T1.2RQlip + signal peptides were streaked on the lipidic agar, LA+TBN. All four recombinants, including the negative control (B. subtilis WB800-pHT43), produced clear zones on the TBN agar plate after overnight incubation (fig 2), indicating the presence of a lipolytic enzyme in all of the recombinant B. subtilis cells. pHT43-T1.2RQlip + signal peptides (AmyQ, Epr, and LipA) have clear zones with significantly higher diameters than B. subtilis WB800-pHT43 (negative control). This phenomenon suggests that the recombinant thermostable lipase T1.2RQ introduced into these cells was successfully expressed, thereby increasing the lipolytic capability of its host cells T1.2RQ lipase was expressed in 50ml terrific broth medium (TB) and the expression induced with 1mM IPTG. Lipase activity assay using p-nitrophenyl esters showed that all three signal peptides directed the secretion of T1.2RQ lipase into the extracellular medium. Signal peptide, LipA, resulted in the highest extracellular activity of 5.6 U/mL, which corresponds to a 6-fold increase over the parent B. subtilis WB800 strain. Meanwhile, signal peptides, AmyQ and Epr produced 4.2 U/mL and 3.4 U/mL activity respectively. SDS-Zymogram analysis confirmed that T1.2RQ lipase was correctly processed and secreted in its original size of 44 kDa. An attempt to further increase lipase expression level by promoter optimization showed that, contrary to expectation, promoter Pgrac100 exhibited similar expression levels as the original Pgrac01. Nevertheless, the demonstration of the successful secretion of T1.2RQ lipase in this work confirms the latter as a promising approach for the industrial production of the enzyme
Keyword: Bacillus subtilis, Expression, Extracellular, Heterologous, Lipase, Thermostable