Judul: Calamus flabellatus Complex In West Malesia
Abstrak: Calamus merupakan marga terbesar dari 13 marga rotan di dunia, meliputi sekitar 374 jenis yang tersebar luas di daerah tropis dan subtropis. Hingga saat ini, tinjauan tentang jumlah jenis yang termasuk dalam Calamus flabellatus kompleks belum pernah dilakukan, sehingga kedudukan takson masing-masing jenis yang berkerabat dekat dengan C. flabellatus belum diketahui dengan jelas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keragaman C. flabellatus kompleks, memperjelas batasan konsep jenis dan status taksonomi, menyediakan peta sebaran C. flabellatus kompleks, menyediakan kunci determinasi dan untuk mengetahui hubungan kekerabatan antar jenis dalam C. flabellatus kompleks yang ada di Malesia Barat. Penelitian dilakukan di Herbarium Bogoriense (BO), LIPI, Cibinong, Bogor. Pengamatan morfologi dilakukan pada koleksi spesimen Calamus, yang dikumpulkan dari berbagai lokasi di Malesia Barat. Semua spesimen koleksi tersebut disimpan di Herbarium Bogoriense (BO), dan beberapa gambar spesimen berasal dari Herbarium Singapore (SING) dan Herbarium Kew (K). Pembuatan kunci determinasi dan analisi data dilakukan berdasarkan ciri-ciri morfologi. Calamus flabellatus kompleks di Malesia Barat memiliki lima karakter diagnostik yaitu: daun tidak bersirus, tangkai daun sangat pendek atau tidak ada, anak daun paling dasar atau bawah selalu berpasangan dan memeluk batang, ukuran anak daun biasanya tidak seragam, dan ujung anak daun menyatu hingga 1/4 – 2/3 dari panjang keseluruhan anak daun. Berdasarkan karakter tersebut, C. flabellatus kompleks di kawasan Malesia Barat meliputi delapan jenis dan 2 varietas, yaitu: C. acuminatus, C. amplijugus, C. congestiflorus, C. corrugatus, C. flabellatus, C. flabellatus var. laevibus, C. flabellatus var. congestispinosus, C. hypertrichosus, C. javensis, dan C. ruvidus. Calamus flabellatus var. laevibus dan C. flabellatus var. congestispinosus merupakan dua varietas baru. Persebaran C. flabellatus kompleks di kawasan Malesia Barat meliputi kawasan Malay Peninsula: C. flabellatus var. laevibus dan C. javensis; Borneo: C. acuminatus, C. amplijugus, C. congestiflorus, C. corrugatus, C. flabellatus, C. flabellatus var. laevibus, C. flabellatus var. congestiflorus, C. hypertrichosus, C. javensis dan C. ruvidus; Java: C. javensis; dan Sumatera; C. flabellatus and C. javensis. Jenis-jenis tersebut tumbuh di vegetasi hutan Dipterocarpaceae, hutan alluvial, lembah gunung, lereng gunung, hutan kapur dan hutan primer yang rusak, dengan ketinggian dari 80–2000 meter dari permukaan laut. Analisis kelompok pada C. flabellatus kompleks di Malesia Barat membagi anggota kompleks tersebut menjadi dua kelompok besar dengan nilai kemiripan 46%. Kelompok I terdiri dari C. amplijugus dan C. ruvidus, dan kelompok II terdiri dari C. acuminatus, C. congestiflorus, C. corrugatus, C. flabellatus, C. flabellatus var. laevibus, C. flabellatus var. congestispinosus, C. Hypertrichosus dan C. javensis.
Keyword: Calamus flabellatus, phenetic, West Malesia

Judul: Daemonorops fissa Complex in West Malesia
Abstrak: Daemonorops fissa complex is highly varied in West Malesia, but information about this complex is limited. The objective of the research was to reveal species diversity of Daemonorops fissa complex in West Malesia based on morphological and anatomical characters. Evaluation of morphological characters was conducted in Herbarium Bogoriense (BO) Cibinong Science Centre LIPI, Bogor (West Java). A total of 355 herbarium specimens were observed in this study representing all species of Daemonorops fissa complex. This study explored Daemonorops fissa complex, including the following: 1) species diversity, (2) distribution, (3) morphological variation, (4) anatomical variation and (5) phenetic relationships. Data obtained then was analized descriptively and phenetically. Species of Daemonorops fissa complex in West Malesia share some unique characters such as erect peduncle (to ± 2 cm), alternate leaves, length of involucrum 1 cm, globose fruits, and ruminate endosperm. This complex species consists of eight species namely, D. angustifolia, D. calicarpa, D. fissa, D. grandis, D. lewisiana, D. melanochaetes, D. monticola, D. stenophylla. Daemonorops binnendijkii, D.palembanica and D. trichroa proposed as new synonymies. Daemonorops binnendijkii and D. trichroa are new synonyms to D. angustifolia, and D. palembanica is a new synonym to D. melanochaetes. All species found in lowland rain forest, especially along stream and other wet places or more open areas, swampy area, ridgetop hill Dipterocarp forest, bamboo forest, and river side on altitude from 250 m – 1900 m asl. Morphological variation of Daemonorops fissa complex in West Malesia could be differentiated into 20 morphological characters. Cluster analysis separated all species into two main groups with coefficient similarity of 36%. Group I consisted of D. angustifolia, D. fissa, D. grandis, D. melanochaetes, D. monticola and D. stenophylla, while group II consisted of D. calicarpa and D. lewisiana. They were separated from five characters, total height, number of leaflets, width of leaflets, type of inflorescence and type of spine in leafsheath. Leaf anatomical characters of paradermal section could not be used to separate among species within D. fissa complex, but leaf anatomical characters of transverse section could be used to identify among species. All examined species of D. fissa complex have three similar characters, tetracytyc stomata, cryptopor type with sunken position and cell wall of sinous, but they have different pattern of bulliform cell and palisade tissues. Both characters are considered as two valuable new characters for supporting morphological data for species delimitation.
Keyword: anatomy, Daemonorops fissa complex, morphology, West Malesia

Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4