Judul: Hubungan model arsitektur pohon roux jenis Koordersiodendron pinnatum Merr dan koriba jenis Pometia pinnata Forster terhadap parameter perimbangan air di hutan tanaman anggori Manokwari
Abstrak: Tree model architecture have an important role in water balance in forest lands. The pattern of growth and development of the tree produces a stem, branches and canopy that serves as the interception of rain water, produce organic material, and increase soil infiltration. The whole function is important in water storage in the forest. The research was conducted in Anggori Manokwari research plantations. Water balance parameters such as precipitation, throughfall, stem flow, soil moisture content, stem water content, and transpiration were measured on two tree species, Koordersiodendron pinnatum Merr and Pometia pinnata Forster.The results of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed a close relationship with the whole tree architecture model parameters of water balance. The same pattern of relationship shown by the two trees model architecture with parameters of rainfall, throughfall, and stem the flow. While the parameters of soil water content, stem water content, and transpiration showed a different relationship. Tree model architecture Roux K. pinnatum Merr, parameters of stem water content and transpiration have closer ties. Tree model architecture Koriba P.pinnata Forster, parameters of stem water content and soil moisture content has a closer relationship. These results illustrate that K. pinnatum Merr was higher to store water in the trunk, while P. pinnata Forster was higher to store water in the soil. Therefore, P. pinnata Forster is better to be planted in term of environmental management through water-soil-reserve relationships.
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Judul: Korelasi arsitektur pohon model rauh dari jenis pinus merkusii junghuhn & de vriese dengan konservasi tanah dan air di area PHBM yang ditanami coffea arabica L. RPH Gambung KPH Bandung Selatan
Abstrak: Trees in CBFM (Community-Based Forest Management) ecosystems are suspected to modify rainfall interception, infiltration and as a consequence, erosion. Their effect urges to be assessed and modelled in various conditions of soil and density of vegetation. The most important parameters that affect the soil water balance and erosion were identified as being the total input of water (throughfall and stemflow) to the ground and the runoff ratio. This research was studied correlation of erosion on rainfall, throughfall, stemflow, and runoff. The aims of the research were to : (1) identify architecture model of pine tree, (2) observe throughfall, stemflow, runoff, and soil loss values, (3) study impact of architecture model of pine tree to water and soil conservation. Runoff and soil loss data were collected for thirty-four days of rainfall from three runoff plots situated on a 36% uniform slope areas. Three fields are studied on this research ; pine forest planted with Coffea arabica L., natural vegetation dominated by Altingia excelsa Noronha., and cultivated land. Erosion measurement was conducted at plots 12 long and 4 m wide. The result of the research indicates that P.merkusii and A.excelsa have same tree architecture, Rauh model. Result of loading plot analysis indicate that correlation between throughfall, stemflow and runoff with rainfall and erosion are positive. Forest planted P. merkusii and natural vegetation dominated by A. excelsa prevent or decrease the risk of soil erosion. The greatest amount of sedimentation was observed in cultivated land (55.99 ton/ha/yr). In conclusion, important to consider the type and model of tree architecture which will be planted so as to conserve soil and water and to keep the ground cover to decrease soil erosion.
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Judul: Durability of Specific Immunoglobulin (Ig) Y Againts Influenza and Covid-19 in Sunscreen
Abstrak: The benefit of specific immunoglobulin Y (Ig Y) as an active ingredient in personal care products such as sunscreen has not been properly studied. Our study aims to evaluate the reliability of specific IgY against influenza and the COVID-19 virus in a sample sunscreen product. Specific IgY influenza and COVID-19 viruses were inserted in the sample sunscreen at two concentrations of 0.1% and 0.25%. Three treatments were observed: control (C) sunscreen without IgY, treatment 1 (T1) sunscreen with 0.1% IgY, and treatment 2 (T2) sunscreen with 0.25% IgY. Organoleptic observations were carried out to monitor changes in aroma, color, and texture, and sunscreen sampling was done every week for 6 weeks. The durability of IgY was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a neutralization assay. Organoleptic observation from weeks 1 to 6 showed consistency in its aroma, color, and texture. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization assay (NA) results of the T1 and T2 groups showed negative results except for sample T1 at week 5, which showed a positive result in the Influenza A ELISA. Based on the results, it seems that IgY concentrations of 0.1% or 0.25% were not optimal. However, this negative result might be due to low concentration of the IgY and the presence of beeswax, which inhibits IgY and causes it to dissolve in distilled water, thus preventing it from being detected in the assay.
Keyword: Immunoglobulin Y, Sunscreen, Influenza, COVID-19, Biological Activity