Judul: Metode Pengukuran Kadar Air Beberapa Mempergunakan Alat Sederhana
Abstrak: Kadar air yang terlalu tinggi atau rendah sangat menentukan mutu benih selama pengolahan dan penyimpanan. Apablila kadar air tersebut tidak diperhatikan, mungkin benih yang dihasilkan tidak dapat digunakan sama sekali akibat kemunduran atau mati.
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Judul: Disain prototipe alat pengukuran kadar air biji-bijian didital dengan sistem kapasitas
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendisál alat pengukur kadar air digital dengan sistem kapasitansi, melakukan uji coba karakteristik dan kemampuan instrumen serta kalibrasi dan menguji ke- mampuan sensor dengan beberapa cara terutama sensor secara lang- sung dan sensor dengan sistem jembatan wheatstone. Pengujian instrumen dilakukan dengan melihat hubungan antara kadar air biji-bijian dengan tegangan keluaran yang dihasilkan oleh instrumen. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa keeratan hubungan antara kadar air biji-bijian dengan tegangan keluaran pada metoda secara langsung lebih erat dibandingkan dengan metoda jembatan wheatstone, atau dengan kata lain bahwa metoda secara langsung lebih baik untuk dipakai sebagai metoda pengukuran kadar air dibandingkan dengan metoda jembatan wheatstone. Alat pengukur kadar air digital dengan sistem kapasitansi yang dibuat mempunyai kemampuan untuk mengukur kadar air beras pada tingkat kadar air 10.33% bb sampai 20.33% bb dengan kepe- kaan pengukuran pada selang 10.33% bb- 16.00% bb sebesar 0.1 volt/persen dan pada selang 16.00% bb- 20.33% bb sebesar 0.75 volt/persen. Pada pengukuran kadar air gabah alat mempunyai ke- mampuan mengukur kadar air pada tingkat kadar air 5.36% bb sam- pai 27.01 % bb dengan kepekaan pengukuran pada selang 5.36% bb- 16.00 % bb sebesar 0.04 volt/persen dan pada selang 16.00 % bb- 27.01% bb sebesar 0.54 volt/persen. Untuk mengukur kadar air jagung alat mempunyai kemampuan mengukur kada air pada tingkat kadar air 7.51% bb sampai 24.30% bb dengan kepekaan pengukuran pada selang 7.51% bb 13.68% bb sebesar 0.09 volt/persen dan pada selang 14.15% bb 24.30% bb sebesar 0.59 volt/persen. Untuk mengukur kadar air kedelai alat mempunyai kemampuan mengukur kadar air pada tingkat kadar air 10.00% bb sampai 16.00 % bb dengan kepekaan sebesar 0.8 volt/persen dan pada pengukuran kadar air kacang hijau alat mempunyai kemampuan mengukur pada tingkat kadar air 6.63 % bb sampai 14.00 % bb dengan kepekaan pengukuran sebesar 0.19 volt/persen…dst
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Judul: The isolation and molecular identification of papillomavirus in macaca fascicularis and macaca nemestrina at animal facility of primate research centre – Bogor Agricultural University.
Abstrak: Cervical cancer is still regarded as a major cause of death in women world wide, hence research on papilloma viruses, their drugs and vaccines for the prevention are still continued. Papilloma virus is a DNA virus of the family papillomaviridae. Papilloma virions have no sheath, the diameter of 55 nm, and icosahedral capsid. The virus multiplies in the cell nucleus and causes chronic latent infection. The virus genome has a circular form, 8 kbp in length with 8 open reading frames. The genome is divided into early (E) and late (L) genes. The E gen synthesizes 6 E proteins, namely E1, E2, E4, E5, E6 and E7, which are linked into the process of viral replication and oncogenes. Meanwhile, the L gene synthesizes 2 proteins, the L1 and L2, which are related to the formation of the capsid (Hakim 2010). In order to obtain the best result of the cancer research, it is highly requested to obtain appropriate animal model that reflect aspects of human disease. Non-human primates have high similarity with humans, both in terms of the evolution of the genetic, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and organ systems, as well as in cancer genes. Non-human primates of the genus Macaca is a genus with the highest distribution worldwide, from Japan to Afghanistan. So far, there are 22 species are included in the genus Macaca. Originally rhesus monkeys or M. mulatta are widely used for biomedical research, but since the Indian government imposed a ban on importing these animals, then Macaca fascicularis (Long-tailed Macaque, cynomolgus) and Macaca nemestrina (Pig-tailed Macaque), which has high population in Southeast Asia, began to be used as research animal. Various medical aspects related to both species are commonly studied by many researchers as an animal model for human diseases. This study is using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and nucleotide tracking to identify papillomavirus tipes that infect the genital tract of Macaca fascicularis and Macaca nemestrina, which is kept in breeding facilities of Primate Research Center, IPB. The analysis of nucleotide sequences were performed using the Clustal W 2.1 and 5.1 Mega program. The establishment of phylogenetic tree using neighbor joining with 1000 times bootstrap repetition. The results showed that the papillomavirus that infect Macaca fascicularis was 32.7% (78/238) and Macaca nemestrina 12% (4/31). Both species were infected by Macaca fascicularis papillomavirus (MfPV) tipe 3, 4, 5, 7 and 9, belongs to the genus Alpha papillomavirus with homology of 80 - 100%. Papilloma virus that infected the pig-tailed macaque was the same tipe of papillomavirus that infected the cynomolgus with similarity between 82% - 99% based on L1 region. To further explain the tipes of papilloma viruses that infected the pig-tailed macaque, it is necessary to identify the entire genome of the virus. To determine the tipe of the virus, it requires the identification of a more complete nucleotide sequence. It is interesting because papillomavirus that infected the pigtail macaques has 76% homology with the HPV tipe 52. This is the first report on the incidence of papillomavirus infection in the pigtail macaque genome that further analysis
Keyword: Papillomavirus, cervic cancer, animal model, Macaca fascicularis, Macaca nemestrina