Judul: Uji Mikroskopik Kristal Urin pada Sapi Pejantan Bibit dengan Body Condition Score 4–5
Abstrak: Bull, which have role as sperm producer, needs a routine health maintenance for optimal production. Microscopic examination of urine crystals could be used for estimating obstructive urolithiasis in urinary tract. The objectives of this study was to observe urine crystal in 4–5-scored body condition score (BCS) bull. The 30 urine samples of 3 bull breeds (Brahman n=10, Simmental n=10, and Friesian Holstein n=10) were collected, urine pH measure with striptest urinalysis, and urine crystal microscopically examined. Result of this study indicated that all samples were totally positive for crystal. Observed crystals were dominated by struvite (73.3%), while the others were calcium carbonate (23.3%) and phosphate amorph (3.3%). The three form of struvite could be seen octahedral, twin, and penetrated struvite. The different form of struvite indicated level of urine pH and incubation period. Crystalluria phenomenon suggested a low ratio of Ca:P in mineral nutrient and it should be cautious for existing obstructive urolithiasis.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), urine crystal, struvite, crystalluria, calcium carbonate, bull

Judul: Productivity, Body Condition Score And Glucose Semi Quantitative Urinalysis Study On Dairy Cow At Kunak Bogor Indonesia.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui situasi yang berkenaan dengan produksi susu sapi yang belum mencukupi kebutuhan domestik dan cenderung mengalami penurunan produksi. Untuk itu studi tentang produktivitas, skor kondisi tubuh (BCS), dan analisis glukosa urin semi-kuantitatif dilakukan pada sapi-sapi perah di kawasan usaha peternakan KUNAK, Bogor Indonesia. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap 30 ekor sapi perah yang meliputi sapi bunting (2 ekor), baru melahirkan (6 ekor), dan sapi tidak bunting (22 ekor). Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran BCS, tercatat bahwa sapi bunting berada pada nilai yang rendah (BCS =2,5, n=1) dibandingkan dengan nilai BCS standard (2.75-3.50). Sapi yang baru melahirkan berada pada nilai yang rendah (BCS= 2, n= 1; BCS = 2.2, n= 1, BCS=2.5, n= 4) dibandingkan dengan nilai BCS standar (3.00-3.25). Adapun nilai BCS sapi tidak bunting tergolong dalam kondisi normal. Reagen strip tes urinalisis semi kuantitatif dilakukan untuk memeriksa profil kelainan pada leukosit, nitrogen, urobilinogen, protein, pH, tekanan darah, keton, bilirubin, dan glukosa. Diketahui 1% glukosaria dari sampel urin dan diketahui sebagai kelainan yang sifatnya asimptomatik. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa semi kuantitatif urinalisis reagen strip tes dapat digunakan sebagai basis dalam manajemen harian pada peternakan sapi perah. Kata kunci: sapi perah, produktivitas, skor kondisi tubuh (BCS), semi kuantitatif urinalisis strip tes
Keyword: sapi perah, produktivitas, skor kondisi tubuh (BCS), semi kuantitatif urinalisis strip tes

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
Keyword: