Judul: The evolution of property rights and the stakeholder role in mangrove forest ecosystem management with the land emerging (a case on land emerging in East Lampung Lampung Province)
Abstrak: Mangrove forests in protected area is a common pool resources (CPRS). Characteristics of the forest resource is very dynamic, i.e. exposed to abrasion can be lost and could form arise with widespread forest land toward to the ocean. This phenomenon occurs virtually all coastal in Indonesia. It meets difficulties in determining policy granting ownership rights. This study aims to obtain a model of granting land emerged rights and stakeholder role of the institutional approach to the evolution of property rights to various factors that influence it. Institutional dynamics in the evolution of mangrove forest right was a path dependence as long for 23 years (1977-2010). It showed that the privatization effort by converting mangrove forest into shrimp farming did not guarantee the sustainability of its management. The reappearance of the mangrove forest with land emerged through forest rehabilitation, community awareness to maintain the mangrove forest, land regulations as state land has spawned a three-party cooperation (tripartite). Community initiative as the source of power of mangroves management and the college tridharma (education, research, and community services) of University of Lampung had been capable as a locomotive of sustainable mangrove forest management. The model of granting ownership rights of 700 ha of mangrove forest with the land emerged was stated. It was granting by East Lampung Regency to Lampung University by the right types are access and withdrawal, management, exclusion, and non right-without giving perfection to the extent of selling. It is an appropriate model for sustainability management. Tripartite cooperation based on the duties and functions had been conducting between East Lampung Regency-Lampung University-Community by enhancing the role of the stakeholders in mangrove forest management.
Keyword: common pool resources, community awareness, path dependence, tripartite, and trusted institution

Judul: Model of environmental conflict management in protection forest area (a case study In Register 45b Bukit Rigis Protection Forest Area, Lampung Province)
Abstrak: Environment conflict of forest management is the relationship between two or more parties that having and/or who feel having disagreement of goals in forest management because of differences in social relationships/ communication, interests, data and information, values, and structural, which occurs within a space, so that the environmental functions of forests to be disturbed. Environmental conflicts in protection forest mostly caused by issues of scarcity, negative externalities, structural unbalance, and different viewpoint of people on value of forests. In many cases, forest governance creates overlapping policies regarding with these issues that may generate conflict escalation; this occurs in Register 45B of Protection Forest Zone in Lampung Province. This research aimed to study: (1) policies of forestry, environmental management, agrarian, spatial, and regional autonomy for the handling of environmental conflicts in forest management of the region, especially in the area of Protection Forest Bukit Rigis - Register 45b, (2) factors those affecting (escalation of) conflict, (3)conflict management styles manifested by parties/disputants, and polarization of parties refer to the conflict roots they face and,to (4) develop a model of environmental conflict management cognitively refer to lesson that learned by the parties. Research implementation and analysis carried out by using Descriptive Policy Analysis, Pathway Analysis, Pairwise Comparison Analysis – Scheffe Test, the technique of CAP (Collaborative Analytical, Problem-solving Process or Approach) and, SSA (Social System Analysis). The research found that: (1) based on policy analysis, Environmental Management and Controlling Act developed consistently a mechanism for dispute settlement and the Basic Act of Agrarian Law is merely developing mediation procedures, while the Ombudsman Act, Arbitration Act have not been consistently equipped with the regulations below it, (2) conflict escalation was mainly caused by decision to convert forest land use, (3) conflict management styles are collaborative and compromise, polarizations of parties refer to similarities on interests, (4) ccognitively the parties in resolving environmental conflicts forest areas, particularly the conflict status of the land, agreed to take efforts to release forest area under forestry regulations, and (5) by integrating the entire analysis can be constructed a model of institutional grievance mechanisms of conflict resolution following with tools of assessment.
Keyword: Lampung Province, Environment conflict, Community based forest management

Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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