Judul: Analisis Jaringan Komunikasi dalam Penerapan IPTEK untuk Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Kelautan dan Perikanan (IPTEKMAS) di Kota Pekalongan
Abstrak: Analisis jaringan komunikasi ini dilakukan pada program IPTEKMAS yang dilakukan pada pengolah ikan di kota Pekalongan Tujuan penelitian adalah (1) mengetahui dan menganalisis proses penyebaran inovasi pengolahan hasil perikanan melalui IPTEKMAS di Pekalongan (2) mengetahui dan menganalisis profil kelompok pengolah hasil perikanan penerap IPTEKMAS di Pekalongan (3) mengetahui dan menganalisis jaringan komunikasi yang terbentuk oleh kelompok pengolah hasil perikanan penerap IPTEKMAS di kota Pekalongan Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain secara deskriptif kualitatif dengan mengambil subyek penelitian seluruh pengolah ikan yang melakukan penerapan program IPTEKMAS. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa (1) Program IPTEKMAS adalah bentuk komunikasi inovasi dengan menyebarluaskan informasi dan teknologi di bidang pengolahan hasil perikanan. Teknologi tersebut dapat diterima dan diterapkan oleh masyarakat karena memiliki atribut-atribut inovasi seperti : memiliki keuntungan relatif, keserasian, tidak rumit, dapat dicoba dan dapat diamati (2) Jumlah penerap pada saat adopsi adalah 11 orang dan bertambah menjadi 15 orang pada saat sesudah adopsi. Penerap didominasi oleh ibu rumah tangga yang telah memiliki usaha pengolahan hasil perikanan secara tradisional sebelum menerapkan teknologi program IPTEKMAS. Terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan tentang pengolahan hasil perikanan dan juga memberikan peluang usaha pengolahan yang berdampak pada peningkatan pendapatan rumah tangga (3) Bentuk jaringan komunikasi yang terbentuk pada saat adopsi dan sesudah adopsi ada 2 bentuk yaitu bentuk bintang yang saling mengunci dan bentuk roda/radial. Nilai struktur komunikasi yang diperoleh pada setiap level (individu, klik dan sistem) pada saat adopsi dan sesudah adopsi tidak jauh berbeda. Hal ini dikarenakan jumlah anggota jaringan yang masih sedikit.
Keyword: Innovation, Communication network, Empowerment

Judul: Analisis Hubungan Jaringan Komunikasi dengan Perubahan Taraf Penghidupan dan Pola Pikir dalam Pemberdayaan Pembudidaya Ikan di Kabupaten Kampar, Riau.
Abstrak: Network communication has an important role in community development activities. The success of empowerment activities, that’s know if there are change in livelihood and the mindset of the people to be better. As one of its activities is fish farmer empowerment. Based on the explain, that was done research on the communication network, change of livelihood and mindset in fish farmer empowerment in Kampar Regency, case study in Koto Mesjid Village. This research has been carried out by several phases starting from preliminary surveys to conduct an introduction and approach with some community leaders and informants in June 2012, then the first phase of the research survey was conducted in June 2013 and then continued collecting data in December 2013 to May 2014, after the continued to depth interviews in August and September 2014. The population are fish farmers. The sample determined by census to 90 respondents from members of the partners PT. Telkom. They get aid from PT Telkom by funding to capital aquaculture business of Catfish (Pangasius hypopthalmus). The first objective of this research is to describe and analyze the characteristics and perception of fish farmers to the performance of field facilitator and the received of grant production facilities in aquaculture. The result of research has showed that the Fish farmer characteristics in Koto Mesjid village are mainly in the productive age, education background in moderate level, family members in moderate, income in high, have wide pond size, have long term experience and have moderate working time. The grant of production facilities received by the fish farmers are seed of Pangasius hypopthalmus from government and grant funding to capital in aquaculture business from PT Telkom. Fish farmers perception to performance of independence and government facilitators is different. That, the independence facilitator is more active than government facilitator. The second research objective is to describe and analyze the communication network in the production and marketing of fish farmer empowerment in Koto Mesjid Village. The results of the study explained that the communication network formed in the production and marketing of aquaculture business in Koto Mesjid Village are interlock personal network. The third objective of this research is to describe and analyze the changes of livelihood and mindset in fish farmers empowerment in Koto Mesjid Village. The results showed that there has been a change in the livelihood and mindset the fish farmer in doing the aquaculture business to be better. Changes in livelihood and mindset can be seen from the changes of preparatory phase in the growth phase and almost in the development phase. The fourth research objective is to describe and analyze the relationship between characteristics of fish farmers, the perception of the performance of the marketing and production facilities with the communications network in the empowerment of fish farmers in the village of Koto Mesjid. The results of the study explained that there are significant relationship some personal characteristics of fish farmers: education, income, family member, working time and pond size to communications network of the production and marketing of aquaculture in empowerment of fish farmers in the village
Keyword: Communication network, livelihood, mindset, empowerment, fish farmer

Judul: The Effects of Variance of Interest rate to Variance of Annuity Future Values
Abstrak: Time value of money is a concept that refers to the difference of the value of money due to time difference. The value of money for present time would not be the same as the value of money in the future. The value of money for present time is called as Present Value (PV) of the money and the value of money for future time is called Future Value (FV) of the money. Determination the value of money, for present and future time, depends on the time and rate of return. The value of money is determined by several factors such as inflation, fluctuation of interest rates, and government policy in securities and taxation. Due to fluctuation of the value of money we need a FV formulation, it is useful for knowing whether an investment can be profitable or not, and this information is useful also in budget analysis. Annuity is defined as a series of payments made for a specific period. The payment, fixed or varied, can be made at the beginning or at the end of the period. Annuity paid at the beginning of the period is called annuity-due and annuity paid at the end of the period is called immediate annuity-certain. The accumulated value of the annuity after few years later is called as a final value or a future value. Burnecki et al. (2003) have discussed about the FV of a fixed-rate annuity in which payments are made according to the arithmetic or geometric series. They have also examined FV for annuities in which payments are made according to arithmetic or geometric series with random rates of interest. This paper examines FV for annuity-due in which payments are made according to arithmetic or geometric series with interest rates as a random variable, which is normal distribution ,  . Future value formula is expressed in recursive form. FV for annuity-due which payments are made according to the arithmetic or geometric series with random rates of interest is calculated by theoretical way and simulation way. The random rates of interest is denoted as k k i  i  , where k i an independent random variable; i is a constant and k  is a random variable which has normal distribution ,  . By using the determined parameters, a sequence of random rates of interest are generated for theoretical calculation. Meanwhile for the simulation, the random rates of interest is generated 1000 times for the simulation. The generated data give mean value, variance, and standard deviation. Moreover, error of mean value, variance, and standard deviation from the theoretical and simulation results are calculated. Error calculation uses Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error (SMAPE). The smaller the value of SMAPE is the more accurate the simulation. The interest rate variances are varied from 0.000036 to 0.0001 to study the relationship between variance of rates of interest and variance of future value. The theoretical and simulation results show that when the variance of random rates of interest increases, then the variance of FV increases linearly. FV of the annuity-due in
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