Judul: Pengaruh Empat Kadar Nitrogen Terhadap Pengisian Biji, Sifat Agronomi, dan Fisiologis Berbagai Varietas Jagung
Abstrak: This study evaluated the impact of four nitrogen levels on grain filling, agronomic, and physiological traits of different maize (Zea mays L.) varieties. The study adopted a split-plot randomized complete block design with two treatments (factors). The first treatment was nitrogen levels with four levels (0, 46, 138, and 184 kg N ha-1 ) applied as main plots. The second treatment was maize variety, with three distinct maize varieties (Hybrid-BISI18, Composite-Sukumaraga, and Local-Tambin) assigned as sub-plots. Results highlighted significant effects of both treatments on grain filling, agronomic, and physiological traits of maize plants. Specifically, the type of maize variety significantly affected 100-grain weight, cob weight, cob circumference, cob length, weight of grains per cob, number of grains per row, grain yield per 16- plants per plot, plant heights at all weeks of observation, and stem diameter at the 4th and 6th weeks after planting. Nitrogen application significantly influenced cob circumference, plant height at the 8th week, stem diameter at the 6th week after planting, and photosynthesis rate at silking (R1) stage. Additionally, the interaction between maize variety and nitrogen significantly influenced plant heights at the 6th week after planting, cob circumference, photosynthesis rate at silking (R1) stage, and number of leaves at the silking (R1) growth stage. In contrast, the 100-grain weight, cob weight, cob length, rows per cob, weight of grains per cob, grains per row, grain yield per 16-plant plot, plant height at weeks 3 and 4, and stem diameter at week 4 were not affected by nitrogen level or interaction. Furthermore, the number of leaves at the V6 stage of growth and stem diameter at week 8 were not affected by the treatments, either separately or in combination. The study concludes that both maize variety and nitrogen application significantly influence various agronomic and physiological traits, with their interaction further affecting specific growth parameters, highlighting the importance of tailored agronomic practices for enhancing grain-filling potential, and eventually optimizing maize yield
Keyword: nitrogen fertilization, grain yield, crop performance, non-structural carbohydrates ( NSC), agricultural productivity

Judul: Pengaruh Pemupukan Nitrogen Terhadap Fisiologi Dan Karakter Laju Pengisian Biji Beberapa Varietas Kedelai
Abstrak: Soybean is one of the main agricultural commodities in Indonesia. It seen from the high national demand. High demand is not accompanied by high national production, as a consequence the volume of imports is still high to meet national requirment. The large number of imports must be responded with various efforts to increase the productivity of soybean plants, one of them is by optimizing fertilization technology through studying the important role of essential nutrients in order to get optimal crop production. Nitrogen is needed by plants in large quantities. N affects the rate of single leaf photosynthetic capacity associated with size of leaf area. The rate of photosynthesis increases the production of dry matter plants, dry matter plants will be a source for seed development. Productivity is the yield of seeds per unit area of land. Seed weight is affected by the rate of seed filling per unit time during the seed filling period. This study aims to see how the characteristics of seed filling rate of varieties that have different seed sizes and the effect of N in the rate of seed fillings of plants. The study was conducted from July to November 2019 in the Cikabayan experimental station, Bogor. The experimental design used was a randomized complete group design (RCBD) with a dose factor of urea (0 and 50 kg ha-1) and soybean varieties with different seed sizes (Tanggamus, Anjasmoro, Grobogan, Biosoy 1) with two replications. The laboratories used were the Postharvest Laboratory of the Department of AGH IPB and PAU FATETA LAB IPB. The seed filling rate for each variety has a pattern that is increased towards the end of the filling phase except for Biosoy 1. Increased seed filling rate is followed by remobilization of assimilate (dry matter) and N from the canopy to the seeds. Dry matter remobilization has a positive correlation with N which is remobiliated from the canopy. Seed size does not have a correlation to the rate of seed filling, although at the beginning of filling each seed has a significantly different rate. N dose given to plants does not significantly influence the rate of seed filling. N dose influences the amount of N to be mobilized but does not affect the dry matter that could mobilized.
Keyword: N translocation, net assimilation rate, non-structural carbohydrates, rate of growth, seed filling rate

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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