Judul: Food Consumption Patterns of Sugar, Salt, and Fat Sources and its Relationship with Obesity among Adolescent
Abstrak: Kegemukan remaja mengalami peningkatan yang sangat pesat. Asupan gula, garam, dan lemak yang tinggi dapat menyebabkan kejadian kegemukan. Tujuan dari penelitian cross-sectional ini untuk menganalisis pola konsumsi gula, garam, dan lemak pada remaja (16–18 tahun) di SMAN 6 Jakarta. Subjek diwawancarai dengan menyebarkan kuesioner untuk mengumpulkan data sosio-demografi, pengetahuan, sikap, antropometri serta Semi Quantitative-Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) untuk mengumpulkan konsumsi pangan. Mayoritas subjek yang berstatus gizi gemuk didominasi oleh laki-laki. Sebagian besar keluarga subjek tergolong kecil dengan rata-rata uang saku per bulan Rp Rp1.508.281,00 ± Rp909.615,00. Mayoritas pendidikan terakhir orangtua dari perguruan tinggi dengan ayah berwiraswasta sedangkan ibu tidak bekerja. Rata-rata asupan gula, garam, dan lemak pada remaja dengan status gizi normal berturut-turut sebesar 54,8 ± 26,9 g; 2522,2 ± 834 mg; 74,3 ± 19,4 g. Rata-rata asupan gula, garam, dan lemak status gizi gemuk berturut-turut sebesar 51,2 ± 27,6 g; 2914,1 ± 957 mg; 81,6 ± 28,3 g. Semakin besar uang saku mengindikasikan semakin buruknya perilaku makan sehat. Tidak ditemukan adanya hubungan antara karakteristik keluarga, pengetahuan, sikap, dan status gizi dengan asupan gula, garam, dan lemak. Asupan gula, garam, dan lemak saling berkorelasi positif antar satu sama lain., Obesity in adolescent has increased rapidly. High sugar, salt, and fat intake have been reported causing obesity. The aim of this present cross-sectional study was to analyze consumption pattern of sugar, salt, and fat in adolescent (16–18 years old) at SMAN 6 Jakarta. The participants were interviewed using a questionnaire to collect information on socio-demographic, knowledge, attitude, anthropometric variables and Semi Quantitative-Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) to assess dietary intakes. Subject with obesity was higher in men. Most subject has small family member with the average of monthly pocket money was Rp1.508.281,00 ± Rp909.615,00. Sugar, salt, and fat intake in normal adolescent were 54,8 ± 26,9 g, 2522,2 ± 834 mg, 74,3 ± 19,4 g. Sugar, salt, and fat intake in obese adolescent were 51,2 ± 27,6 g, 2914,1 ± 957 mg, 81,6 ± 28,3 g. Higher pocket money was associated with decreased healthy eating behavior. There is no correlation between family characteristic, knowledge, attitude, and nutritional status with sugar, salt, and fat intake. Sugar, salt, and fat intake were positively correlated with one another.
Keyword: sugar, salt, fat, obesity, adolescent

Judul: The Correlation between Nutritional Knowledge, Eating Habits, and Physical Activity with Nutritional Status among Student of SMAN 1 Kebumen
Abstrak: Prevalensi remaja gemuk usia 16-18 tahun di Indonesia meningkat pada tahun 2018. Kegemukan pada remaja dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif terkait aspek kesehatan dan psikososial. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan pengetahuan gizi dengan kebiasaan makan, hubungan kebiasaan makan dengan status gizi, dan hubungan aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi siswa SMAN 1 Kebumen. Penelitian dilakukan pada Mei 2023 menggunakan desain cross sectional, melibatkan 30 remaja normal dan 30 remaja gemuk yang dipilih secara purposive. Data primer diperoleh melalui pengisian kuesioner dan wawancara berupa data karakteristik individu, karakteristik keluarga, pengetahuan gizi, aktivitas fisik, dan kebiasaan makan. Hasil uji beda menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan (p>0,05) pengetahuan gizi, aktivitas fisik dan duduk, tingkat kecukupan energi dan zat gizi, asupan gula, serta kebiasaan pangan sumber gula dan lemak antara kedua kelompok subjek, namun kelompok subjek gemuk signifikan lebih banyak asupan lemaknya (p<0,05). Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan hubungan signifikan positif antara asupan lemak dengan status gizi (p=0,01). Tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan pengetahuan gizi dengan kebiasaan pangan sumber gula dan lemak, asupan gula dan lemak, serta tingkat kecukupan energi dan zat gizi. Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan kebiasaan pangan sumber gula dan lemak, asupan gula, tingkat kecukupan energi dan zat gizi, dan aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi (p>0,05)., Prevalence obese adolescents aged 16-18 years in Indonesia increased in 2018. Obesity in adolescents have negative impacts related to health and psychosocial. This study aims to analyze correlation nutritional knowledge and eating habits, correlation eating habits and nutritional status, and correlation physical activity and nutritional status students at SMAN 1 Kebumen. Study was conducted in May 2023 using a cross-sectional design, involving 30 normal and 30 obese adolescents that selected purposively. Primary data was obtained through questionnaires and interviews with individual characteristics, family characteristics, nutritional knowledge, physical activity, and eating habits. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) nutritional knowledge, physical activity and duration of sitting, energy and nutrients adequacy level, sugar intake, and eating habits of food sources sugar and fat between two subject, but obese subjects had significantly higher fat intake (p<0.05). There was a significant positive correlation fat intake and nutritional status (p=0.01). There was no significant correlation nutritional knowledge with eating habits of food sources sugar and fat, intake sugar and fat, also energy and nutrients adequacy level (p>0.05). There was no significant correlation eating habits of food sources sugar and fat, sugar intake, energy and nutrients adequacy level, and physical activity with nutritional status (p >0.05).
Keyword: eating habits, nutritional knowledge, nutritional status, normal and obes adolescents, physical activity

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
Keyword: