Judul: Potensi Vegetasi sebagai Peredam Ingar Bunyi Kendaraan Bermotor
Abstrak: The increases of transportation everyday have made multiple effects especially for human health. Based on the effects appeared by noise, there were three steps could be done to prevent, to reduce, or to control it. First, noise control at the source of noise, second, noise control at the line, and third, noise control for the receiver (human).This research focus on noise control at the source of noise by plants. The purpose of this research was to investigate the traffic noise attenuation by vegetation. The noise was measured with Sound Level Meter and was taken at two areas, control area without vegetation and deal area with vegetation. Measurement was done in busy days and weekday in the morning, midday, and afternoon. The measurement repeated as many as three. The observation showed that the traffic noise in control area ranging from 77.3-79.4 dBA, whereas in deal area traffic noise ranging from 56.3-59.4 dBA. In this case, vegetation could reduce the traffic noise as many as 20-21 dBA although the observation result over quality standard which defined by The Ministry of Environmentno. 48/1996, that was 65 dBA for office and commerce (control area), and 55 dBA for housing and settlement (deal area).
Keyword: vegetation, noise reduction, traffic noise, noise

Judul: Reduksi Kebisingan Akibat Lalu Lintas Menggunakan Pagar dan Dinding dari Material Lokal.
Abstrak: The increasing amount of vehicles implies not only on ambient air quality deterioration but also on increase of environmental noise. Based on Kep-48/MENLH/11/1996, noise caused an illness and make uncomfortable on the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to mitigate and control the noise level. The purpose of this research was to identify the characteristic of local material and to analyze its noise reduction. The experiment was carried out using local materials such as bamboo and timber, with a dimension of 80 cm x 96 cm x 2 cm. Noise reduction experiment was carried out using local vegetation such as Pluchea indica L., Hibiscus rosa sinensis L., Acalypha siamensis, Nothopanax scutellarium, Syzigiu oleina, Stachytarpheta mutabilis, Codiaeum variegatum L., and Bambusa vulgaris. The noise source was a blender. Noise levels were measured on fourpoints at noise source and the behind the fence at distance of 2 m, 4 m, and 6 m. Result of the experiment showed that noise reduction by bamboo, the fence model A reduced 12.7 dBA, 16.8 dBA, and 19.6 dBA at those distances. Using the same model, noise reductions by timber were 12.6 dBA, 17.8 dBA, and 20.3 dBA, respectively. Noise reduction varies by vegetation, Hibiscus rosa sinensis L. could reduced 31.3 dBA, Acalypha siamensis reduced 23.7 dBA, Nothopanax scutellarium reduced 27.1 dBA, Pluchea indica reduced L 30.1 dBA, Syzigiu oleina reduced 24 dBA, Codiaeum variegatum L. reduced 29.8 dBA, Stachytarpheta mutabilis reduced 27 dBA, and Bambusa vulgaris reduced 27.1 dBA. Effective noise reducer was found in material which has higher density, Hibiscus rosa sinensis L. is the vegetation which perform effective noise reduction up to 25.7 dBA-36 dBA.
Keyword: barrier, fence, noise, sound, vehicle

Judul: Infeksi leucocytozoon Smithi (Laveran dan Lucet, 1905) pada kalkun
Abstrak: Leucocytozoon smithi adalah parasit darah yang menyebabkan leucocytozoonosis pada kalkun, dan termasuk dalam genus Leucocytozoon yang perkembangan skizogoninya terja- di dalam sel-sel endotel dan sel-sel parenkhim hati, jan- tung, ginjal dan organ-organ lain dari unggas. Genus ini menghasilkan skizon yang besar. Gametogoninya terjadi di dalam sel-sel darah dan sel yang terinfeksi dapat berubah bentuk dan mengambil bentuk kumparan. Parasit ini tidak menghasilkan pigmen dan ditularkan oleh lalat penghisap darah dari genus Simulium. Infeksi kalkun terjadi pada saat sporozoit masuk ke dalam peredaran darah dan selanjutnya masuk ke dalam sel- sel parenkhim hati. Siklus hidupnya mirip dengan siklus hidup L. simondi seperti yang diuraikan di bawah ini. Skizogoni yang terjadi di dalam hati menghasilkan skizon hepatik. Skizon hepatik dewasa menghasilkan merozoit dan sinsitia. Merozoit dari skizon hepatik memasuki eritroblas dan eritrosit dan membentuk gametosit bulat, sedangkan sinsitianya dapat masuk ke dalam sel-sel RES dan kemudian membentuk megaloskizon. Megaloskizon dewasa menghasilkan merozoit yang kemudian masuk ke dalam limfosit dan leukosit lain membentuk gametosit memanjang. Gametositgametosit ini akan menjadi makrogametosit dan mikrogametosit. Perkembangan parasit dalam tubuh vektor (Simulium), segera dimulai setelah vektor menghisap darah kalkun yang mengandung gametosit ini. Dalam tubuh vektor ini akan ter- jadi pembuahan makrogamet oleh mikrogamet (tahap gametogoni). Dari pembuahan ini dihasilkan zigot yang bergerak (ookinet). Ookinet akan masuk dinding usus vektor untuk memulai tahap sporogoni yang menghasilkan sporozoit. Sporozoit ini akan menuju ke kelenjar ludah dan dari sini dapat dipindahkan lagi ke tubuh kalkun pada saat vektor menghisap darah. Vektor untuk L. smithi adalah S. occidentale, S. nigroparvum, S. slossonae, S. nigritarse. L. smithi berbahaya, terutama bagi kalkun-kalkun muda. Mortalitasnya dapat mencapai 90 persen. Gejala klinis yang ditimbulkannya antara lain anorexia, lemas dan cenderung untuk duduk, kekurusan dan kelemahan, sesak nafas dan in- koordinasi dan terjungkal terlihat pada stadium akhir dan selanjutnya kalkun mengalami coma kemudian mati…dst
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