Judul: Profil sensori deskriptif kecap manis komersial Indonesia
Abstrak: Sweet soy sauce is a popular flavoring agent from Indonesia which is produced by the fermentation of soybean by Aspergillus oryzae with a combination of palm sugar, wheat flour, and salt. Many comercial sweet soy sauces on soy sauce marketshare have different charasteristics for each product. An observation to find out the main characteristic of sweet soy sauce become indispensable. The aim of this research was to obtain the main characteristic of 17 Indonesian comercial sweet soy sauces using sensory descriptive analysis. Descriptive analysis uses a trained panel to specify the intensities of specific atributes, based on a psychopsycal model for intensity scaling. Descriptive analysis consists of three stages,which is panelist selection to choose potential panelists, training to train panelists sensitivity and consistency, and testing to identify the main character of sweet soy sauce. The result showed that sweet sauce sample D has a characteristic bitter taste, while the sweet soy sauce samples F and K have strong sweet taste characteristic. Sweet soy sauce J and G have the same characteristic of bitter taste, samples Q and O have the same characteristic of sour taste, while samples N, M, and L tend to be more similar to the sample P which has savory taste characteristic. Samples C, E, I, A, H, and B have similar characteristics of sweet and salty taste. Mapping of sweet soy sauce products on aroma attributes showed the sample B, K, L, and N have coconut sugar aroma characteristic. Samples M, F, I, A, and P have caramel aroma characteristic. Characteristic acid smell and smoke owned by samples A, G, H, and E, while the samples O, Q, D, and C have the characteristic aroma of palm sugar.
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Judul: Relationship of Sensory Profile and Physicochemical Properties of Indonesian Sweet Soy Sauces
Abstrak: Soy sauce is one of the most popular fermentation products and largely consumed in Asia. Its popularity has reached Europe. Soy sauce in Indonesia can be classified into to salt soy sauce and sweet soy sauce. Sweet soy sauce is used daily as a flavor enhancer in Indonesia. The unique flavor and taste of sweet soy sauce makes it widely accepted as one of the seasonings in Indonesian culinary culture. As a popular and most preferred product in Indonesia most of sauce based on Indonesian consumer’s acceptance. Although many variants of sweet soy sauces are available in the market, there is a limited publication regarding the sensory profile describing the characters of sweet soy sauces. Therefore it is necessary to study the relationship between the sensory profiles and physicochemical properties of commercial soy sauce. The sensory attributes of sweet soy sauce consist of color, flavor, taste, and consistency or viscosity. These attributes are affected by many factor such as the raw material, the production process, and the chemical substance of the sweet soy sauce. Physicochemical properties that influenced by ingredients and process will interact with human sense and form consumer preference or acceptance. Based on that ground, physicochemical properties of soy sauce need to be investigated in accordance to sensory profile and consumer acceptance. The purpose of this study was to study the relationships between consumer preference, sensory profile, and physicochemical properties of Indonesian commercial sweet soy sauce.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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