Judul: The effect of sonication time and amplitudo of ultrasonik waves to suspension stability and quality of green beans juice
Abstrak: Green bean juice drinks that already existed has several constraints due to its low stability so it is need shakes before consumed. To get the green bean juice with a good suspension stability, it can be done by adding additional ingredients to enhance stability or to decrease the size of particles to slow the rate of precipitation. Sonication is a method of solving the material into nano-sized particles using ultrasonic waves, while the use of stabilizer CMC aims to improve the viscosity and slow down the precipitation process so as to produce a stable suspension. Preliminary research done by analysis of the proximate content, production of the green bean juice and the determination of stabilizer concentration and materials. The main research done by sonication in green bean juice with a variation of 20, 40, and 60 minutes with an ultrasonic wave amplitudo by 20%, 30%, and 40%, test of green bean juice, test the stability suspense, test the size particle and organoleptic tests. Based on the research results, which have been sonicated protein levels ranged between 0.23% -0.32%, fat content of 0.64% -1.6%, total solids 9.6% -14.91%. pH 6.56 to 6.64, viscosity 26.67-44.03 Cp, and total dissolved solids from 8.75 to 9°Brix. Based on the acceptance parameter of 20 panelists expressed juice color ranges from 4.60-5.45 of green beans as well as states like flavour ranges from 3.31-5.75 whereas 3.55-5.05 ranged to taste like. For all microbial tests showed a negative value. Based on the analysis range of the level of 1%, sonication time gave tangible effect on the value of viscosity, flavour, taste, and color of green been juice. Sonication treatment for 60 minutes with an ultrasonik wave amplitudo by 40% was found effective to improve the stability of the suspension of the green bean juice, can be seen from the diameter of the particle size of the average 657 nm by using a test particle size analyzer.
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Judul: Optimasi Penghambatan Pengendapan Jus Jambu Biji Merah dengan Metode Sonikasi
Abstrak: The guava juice is one kind of beverage product and has benefit as antioxidant. It was found that precipitation still happens to this product on marketplace which consumers are less preferable of precipitation guava juice. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the quality of the guava juice in order to inhibit precipitation. The aim of this research are to identify the effect of sonication time and amplitude ultrasonic wave to the stability of guava juice. Moreover, the purpose of this study is to identify the acceptances of panelist toward product sample applied by best combined of sonication time and amplitude value. Based on the research, the most optimum result determined was amplitude of 23% and sonication time of 50 minute where average particle size of guava juice was 298.48 nm with sonication and 311.78 nm without sonication. The application of sonication on guava juice is not recommended because the result of size particle is not much different. Based on organoleptic test, texture and appearance of guava juice by sonication were not different significantly with any sample without sonication, whereas for the parameter texture was different significantly. Suspension stability test results showed that samples with sonication treatment were better than samples without sonication.
Keyword: particle size, optimal, sonication, precipitation, guava juice

Judul: Etno-ornitologi Burung Kancilan Flores (Pachycephala nudigula nudigula Hartert 1897) pada Masyarakat Lio di Taman Nasional Kelimutu
Abstrak: Bare-throathed whistler is one of several wild birds in Kelimutu National Park (TNKL) that is believed to have correlation with Lio Community‟s belief. The estimation of Bare-throated whistler‟s population in Kelimutu National Park was about 186.41-1668.07 individual by the density about 0.0389-0.3481 ind/ha with the sex ratio 6.2:1 that spreaded on area with height of 1100 – 1600 masl. The characteristic of Bare-throated whistler‟s habitat is a natural forest with various canopy level, high plant species diversity and high density. The habitat characteristics related to the availability of food in the form of insects, cover, safety and a nesting site. Generally the most of Lio community knew the existence of Bare-throated whistler directly or from their parents‟ stories. The perceptions of Lio Community to the Bare-throated whistler‟s existence is generally support the conservation efforts. The perceptions construct the Lio Community‟s atitude that tend to be conservative to the existence of Bare-throated whistler. The attitude shown by their behavior that not cathing the Bare-throated whistler from the TNKL‟s area or the outside. The attitude have an important role to the existence of Bare-throated whistler in Kelimutu National Park‟s area.
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