Judul: Fishing and Capture Rate of Marine Turtles
around the Nature Reserve of Mas Popaya Raja
Abstrak: Cagar Alam Mas, Popaya dan Raja (MPR) adalah kawasan konservasi penyu yang mencakup tiga pulau di sebelah utara pesisir Gorontalo. Perairan di sekitarnya merupakan daerah penangkapan ikan sehingga penyu berpeluang tertangkap oleh nelayan, baik sengaja maupun tidak sengaja. Oleh karena itu, penelitian tentang penangkapan penyu di luar cagar alam tersebut perlu dilakukan. Penelitian bertujuan membuat deskripsi unit penangkapan ikan yang beroperasi di sekitar cagar alam, menginventarisasi jenis ikan yang tertangkap, mengumpulkan informasi tentang kasus tertangkapnya penyu dalam kegiatan perikanan, menngidentifikasi pengetahuan dan persepsi nelayan tentang konservasi penyu. Berdasarkan laporan yang diterima peneliti, jenis penyu yang paling banyak tertangkap adalah penyu sisik (Erethmochelys imbricate). Mengacu pada lokasi cagar alam, lokasi kegiatan penangkapan ikan berada pada jarak 3,6 km-12,2 km sedangkan lokasi tertangkapnya penyu adalah 7,9-16,4 km. Laju tangkap (catch rate) penyu minimal adalah 32,5 ekor/ tahun atau 0,4 ekor/kapal/tahun. Sekitar 80% nelayan responden mengetahui tujuan penetapan cagar alam ini sebagai tempat untuk melindungi dan melestarikan penyu.
Keyword: Gorontalo, nature reserve, speargun fishing, turtle

Judul: Co-Management-Based Turtle Conservation Area Management on Pangumbahan Beach, Sukabumi, West Java
Abstrak: Penyu merupakan hewan reptil yang hidup di laut dan biasanya bertelur di kawasan pesisir serta keberadaannya telah lama terancam, baik karena faktor alam maupun faktor manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pemangku kepentingan berdasarkan tingkat kepentingan dan pengaruh serta menganalisis konsep pengelolaan berbasis co-management terhadap pengelolaan kawasan konservasi penyu di Pantai Pangumbahan, Kabupaten Sukabumi, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif serta pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam (in depth-interview). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua belas stakeholder yang teridentifikasi berdasarkan tingkat kepentingan dan pengaruh, baik dari kelompok masyarakat maupun pemerintah. Berdasarkan analisis pengelolaan co-management, konservasi penyu di Pantai Pangumbahan memiliki tipe pengelolaan consultative yaitu adanya dialog antara pemerintah dan masyarakat serta pemerintah mulai mempertimbangkan pandangan dari masyarakat pesisir Pantai Pangumbahan. Perlu dilakukan edukasi kepada masyarakat terkait penyu dan pengelolaannya, peningkatan kapasitas pengelolaan kepada masyarakat, serta peningkatan kapasitas monitoring masyarakat dan pengembangan pola monitoring dan evaluasi partisipatif., Sea turtles are reptiles that live in the sea and usually lay eggs in coastal areas and their existence has long been threatened, both due to natural and human factors. This study aims to identify stakeholders based on the level of importance and influence and analyze the concept of co-management based on the management of sea turtle conservation areas in Pangumbahan Beach, Sukabumi Regency, West Java. This research is qualitative in nature and data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews. The results showed that twelve stakeholders were identified based on the level of importance and influence, both from the community and government. Based on the co-management analysis, sea turtle conservation in Pangumbahan Beach has a consultative management type, where there is a dialog between the government and the community and the government has begun to consider the views of the coastal community of Pangumbahan Beach. It is necessary to educate the community regarding sea turtles and their management, increase management capacity to the community, as well as increase community monitoring capacity and develop participatory monitoring and evaluation patterns.
Keyword: Penyu, stakeholder, kawasan konservasi perairan, co-management

Judul: Sintesis Flavon dari Fenol dan Benzoil Klorida
Abstrak: Flavone is a class of flavonoid, commonly found in plants with wide bioactivity spectrum. A widely used flavone synthesis route is through acidcatalyzed oxidative cyclization of β-diketone. In this study, unsubstituted flavone had been synthesized via 5-step from phenol, with 22% yield and successfully increased the yield of previous study on Fries rearrangement of phenyl acetate and benzoylation of o-HAP steps. Phenol was acetylated resulting 93% phenyl acetate. AlCl3-catalyzed Fries rearrangement in 1.5 hour and at 120 °C converted phenyl acetate into o-hydroxyacetophenone (o-HAP) with 40% yield. AlCl3 as catalyst produced o-HAP with higher and reproducible yield compared with BF3·Et2O and ZnCl2. Benzoylation of o-HAP followed by Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement of the ester product using KOH in dried pyridine produced β-diketone 1-(2- hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropane-1,3-dione. The yield of ester and β-diketone were 71% and 85%, respectively. Finally, oxidative cyclization of β-diketone with sulphuric acid as catalyst produced 99% of flavone. The flavone product had been characterized spectroscopically and its melting point as well.
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