Judul: Evaluasi Penerapan Good Farming Practice pada Peternakan  Rakyat Sapi Potong di Situ Bolang Indramayu
Abstrak: Produktivitas ternak sapi potong domestik belum cukup untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dalam negeri. Sebanyak 90% peternakan sapi di Indonesia dikelola secara tradisional. Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi pengelolaan peternakan sapi potong di Peternakan Situ Bolang sesuai Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Republik Indonesia Nomor 46/Permentan/PK.210/8/2015 tentang Good Farming Practice untuk Sapi Potong. Penelitian menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif wawancara kepada 33 responden menggunakan kuesioner dan pengamatan secara langsung. Hasil penelitian dapat dilihat dari nilai aspek Good Farming Practice yaitu pembibitan dan reproduksi, manajemen pakan, tata laksana pemeliharaan, perkandangan, dan kesejahteraan ternak. Penerapan GFP oleh peternak rakyat di Situbolang Indramayu mendapatkan nilai 2,05 tergolong dalam kategori sangat kurang., Domestic beef cattle productivity is not sufficient to meet domestic demand. As many as 90% of cattle farms in Indonesia are managed traditionally. The study aimed to evaluate the management of beef cattle farming in Situ Bolang Farm according to the Regulation of the Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia Number 46/Permentan/PK.210/8/2015 about Good Farming Practice for Beef Cattle. The study used descriptive qualitative analysis of interviews with 33 respondents using questionnaires and direct observation. The results of the study can be seen from the value of aspects of breeding and reproduction, feed management, rearing procedures, cowshed, and animal welfare. Implementation of GFP by smallholder farmers in Situbolang Indramayu received a score of 2.05, which is classified as very lacking.
Keyword: beef catle, community farm, good farming practice

Judul: Evaluation of Good Farming Practice in Beef Cattle Breeding and Breedfat in Astomulyo Village, Central Lampung
Abstrak: Kelompok peternakan pembiakan dan penggemukan sapi yang memiliki kepemilikan ≥100 ekor diperlukan pengelolaan yang profesional berdasarkan pedoman good farming practice guna mencapai produktivitas yang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengevaluasi kesesuaian pemeliharaan peternakan sapi breeding serta breedfat dengan standar good farming practice pada usaha peternakan rakyat desa Astomulyo, Kecamatan Punggur, Lampung Tengah. Kuesioner disusun berdasarkan Permentan 46/2015 meliputi aspek pembibitan dan reproduksi, pakan, pengelolaan, kandang dan peralatan, serta kesejahteraan ternak. Penilaian secara kualitatif dilakukan melalui metode observasi dan wawancara kepada 50 peternak di desa Astomulyo menggunakan rubrik penilaian berdasarkan aspek GFP dan dianalisis deskriptif menggunakan metode rating scale. Penerapan GFP di kedua jenis usaha (breeding dan breedfat) mendapatkan kategori kurang (>55%-75%), dengan skor performa terendah pada aspek pengelolaan (0,33/0,8) serta pembibitan dan reproduksi (0,35-0,42/0,8). Nilai performa GFP pada peternakan gabungan/breedfat lebih baik dari peternakan breeding, dengan persentase skor performa GFP berturut-turut 59,20% dan 58,07%., Commercial beef cattle farms over 100 heads, require professional management following good farming practices to achieve optimum productivity. Require professional management based on good farming practice guidelines to achieve optimal productivity. This study aims to assess whether the Good Farming Practice standard is suitable for smallholder farming businesses in Astomulyo Village, Punggur District, Central Lampung Regency. The study used a questionnaire based on Minister of Agriculture Number 46 of 2015 to evaluate aspects of breeding and reproduction, feed, management, cages and equipment, and animal welfare. The assessment was carried out through observation and interviews with 50 farmers and analyzed descriptively. The application of Good Farming Practices in both types of business (breeding and breedfat) was poor category (> 55%-75%), with the lowest performance score in the aspect of management (0.33/0.8), breeding and reproduction (0.35-0.42/0.8). However, the performance scores on combined/breedfat (breeding and fattening) farms (59.20%) were better than on breeding farms (58.07%).
Keyword: Breeding, Fattening, Good Farming Practice

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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