Judul: Aplikasi Teknologi Peresapan Biopori untuk Meningkatkan Produksi Padi Gogo pada Pertanian Lahan Kering di Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara Barat
Abstrak: Dryland agriculture in Western South-East Moluccas (WSEM) Regency is still subsistence and depend on rainfall. However, rainfall is not used optimally to increase food production. The purpose of this research was to analyze effectiveness of the biopore infiltration system toward the increase of soil moisture availability, control of ranoff and soil erosion, nutrient loss, and increase of upland rice production in WSEM. One innovation of the land and water conservation technique is biopore infiltration system which consist of biopore infiltration channel and hole. Least significant difference test showed that biopore infiltration system tends to increase the availability of soil moisture in dry period. All treatments except T0 was very significant in controlling runoff and soil erosion, also in saving sediment an decrease nutrient soil loss. The system was able to decrease the runoff up to 99.8 % and 100 % of erosion, T4 treatment was the highest in saving sediment at 9.32 tonnes/ha for one growing season. T3 and T4 treatments significantly increased the growth and production of upland rice in Latdalam village of South Tanimbar sub-district, WSEM regency
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Judul: Pengaruh Aplikasi Sistem Peresapan Biopori Terhadap Aliran Permukaan, Erosi, Kehilangan Hara Dan Produktivitas Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays) Dan Padi (Oryza sativa) Pada Tanah Latosol Darmaga
Abstrak: New technological innovations to reduce water and soil losses from agricultural land such as application of biopore absorbtion hole is very important. Reduction of water loss from agricultural land is required to maintain and improve soil fertility to support plant growth optimaly. This research purpose to study the effect of biopore absorbtion hole to reduce surface runoff, erosion, nutrient losses and increase productivity of corn (Zea mays) and upland rice (Oryza sativa). The research was design using randomized block design with soil conservation techniques as the treatment. The treatments consist of: no soil and water conservation techniques (T0), the conventional ditch (T1), conventional ditch and vertical mulch (T2), conventional ditch and biopore absorbtion holes (T3) and conventional ditch, vertical mulch and biopore absorbtion holes (T4). Measurement of surface runoff and soil erosion was conducted on soil erosion plot (10m x 2m). The parameters were observed included surface run-off, soil erosion, sediment deposited in the ditch, the content of C, N, P, K, Ca and Mg on the surface runoff and soil eosion which are deposited on ditch, and plant growth and productivity of corn and upland rice. The treatments of T1, T2, T3 and T4 are very effective in reducing surface runoff and soil erosion which is equal up to 100% compared with no treatment (T0). There treatment were also reduce nutrients losses in to ditch so that not loss from farmland. T4 treatment is able to precipitate nutrients to ditch more than the other on corn and upland rice season. The treatments T2, T3 and T4 significantly effect to dry weight of biomass and grain production of upland rice. The highest of biomass and grain upland rice production was found in the T4 treatment, respectively 7.20 ton/ha and 9.51 ton/ha. Effect of treatments and sediment return from ditch to planting bed were positive impact on production in the next planting season.
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Judul: Infeksi cacing Ascarid pasa anjing dan kucing, serta hubungannya sebagai zoonosis
Abstrak: Ada tiga cacing Ascarid yang didapatkan pada anjing dan kucing, yaitu Toxocara canis pada anjing, Toxocara cati pada kucing dan Toxascaris leonina pada anjing dan kucing. Ketiganya mempunyai habitat di usus kecil (Soulsby, 1982). Manusia dapat bertindak sebagai induk semang paratenik dari kelompok ini, melalui anjing dan kucing yang menderita sebagai sumber infeksi, terutama anak- anak anjing dan anak-anak kucing (Brown, 1975). Dari kelompok Ascarid ini penyebab utama penyakit pada manusia adalah Toxocara canis (Soulsby, 1982). Penyakit pada manusia yang disebabkan oleh kelompok ini dikenal sebagai penyakit 'Visceral Larva Migrans' (Brown, 1975), Toxocariasis (Beaver, 1966). Penularan pada anjing dan kucing, dapat melalui telur infektif (langsung), induk semang paratenik seperti tikus, kecos, cacing Lanah dan lain-lain (tidak langsung), intrauterin, trans-mammary dan secara fecaloral. Pada manusia, penularan terjadi melalui telur infektif yang tertelan. Gejala klinis yang tampak pada anjing dan kucing yang terinfeksi oleh kelompok ini, adalah anjing kurus, pertumbuhan terhambat, gelisah, batuk, respirasi meningkat, keluar cairan dari hidung, muntah yang kadang kadang bercampur dengan cacing, icterus, diare, sakit pada abdomen, perut buncit dan kadang-kadang timbul gejala konvulsi (Kelly, 1977). Pada manusia tanda klinis yang umum terlihat, yaitu batuk, dispnoe disertai demam dan gejala umum lainnya. Kadang-kadang endopthalmitis, retinitis perifer, papilitis, dan konvulsi. Pemeriksaan darah terlihat eosinofilia, leukositosis, hiperglobulinemia dan pemerik saan yang lain memperlihatkan hepatomegali…dst
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