Judul: APLIKASI PRODUKSI PEMBERSIH PADA PENGEMBANGAN MINUMAN HERBAL MENIRAN
Abstrak: The application of cleaner production in the production process of meniran products is carried out to prevent or minimize waste by increasing productivity, efficiency and production effectiveness. The purpose of this study is to identify the flow of raw materials, energy and water, analyze technical, environmental and financial feasibility by calculating the payback period (PP), as well as determine the priority of implementation of cleaner production. The stages of the research consist of quick scan analysis, identification of material, energy and waste flows, determination of alternatives, feasibility analysis and selection of clean production priorities. The research was conducted by observing the production process of meniran products from meniran simplicia to ready-to- consumed products. The production process consists of maceration extraction, filtering, mixing, low temperature drying, size reduction, compounding and packaging. The recommended clean production alternatives include (1) compost making 6.09 months or 0.50 year, (2) good manufacturing practice application 6.4 months or 0.53 and (3) the replacement of mixer 1.53 months or 0.13 year. The payback period is a financial metric used to evaluate the time it takes for an investment to generate enough cash flows to recover its initial cost. given three payback periods: 6.09, 6.54, and 1.53. Among the given payback periods, the best option would be 1.53, as it represents the shortest time required to recoup the initial investment. This means that the investment would generate sufficient cash flows to cover its cost in just 1.53 month. In conclusion, based solely on the payback period metric provided, the best payback period among 6.09, 6.54, and 1.53 is 1.53 which is the replacement of Mixer as the alternative.
Keyword: Financial Analysis, Production Alternatives, Production Process

Judul: Kajian Penerapan Produksi Bersih pada Agroindustri Minyak Goreng Kelapa (Studi Kasus di Koperasi Wanita Srikandi)
Abstrak: Penerapan produksi bersih pada agroindustri minyak goreng kelapa dilakukan untuk meminimalkan limbah dan mencegah kehilangan sumber daya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji peluang produksi bersih pada proses produksi minyak goreng kelapa. Tahapan penelitian mencakup analisis quick scan, identifikasi aliran material, energi dan limbah, penentuan alternatif produksi bersih, analisis kelayakan teknis, lingkungan dan finansial berupa benefit cost ratio (B/C ratio) serta payback period (PP), penentuan prioritas penerapan produksi bersih dengan metode perbandingan eksponensial. Rantai proses terdiri dari pembuatan minyak klentik di tingkat pemasok, kemudian dilanjutkan menjadi minyak goreng kelapa di tingkat pabrik. Alternatif produksi bersih pada tingkat pemasok adalah: (1) pengolahan nata de coco (B/C ratio 1,17 dan PP 0,74 tahun), (2) pengolahan pupuk kompos (B/C ratio 1,26 dan PP 0,29 tahun), serta (3) pembuatan maggot (B/C ratio 1,75 dan PP 0,45 tahun). Alternatif produksi bersih pada tingkat pabrik adalah: (1) penjadwalan produksi (B/C ratio 170 dan PP 0,05 bulan), (2) perbaikan SOP penuangan minyak (B/C ratio 4,55 dan PP 0,01 tahun), (3) water recycle (B/C ratio 2,99 dan PP 4,23 tahun), dan (4) penggantian instalasi pipa (B/C ratio 3,95 dan PP 0,05 tahun). Prioritas alternatif yang direkomendasikan pertama pengolahan pupuk kompos untuk tingkat pemasok dan penjadwalan produksi untuk tingkat pabrik., The application of cleaner production in the coconut cooking oil agroindustry carried out to minimize waste and prevent resources lost. This study aims to examine the opportunities for cleaner production in the process of coconut cooking oil. Research stages included quick scan analysis, identification of material flow, energy and waste, determination of cleaner production alternatives, technical, environmental and financial feasibility analysis as benefit cost ratio (B/C ratio) and payback period (PP), and determining priorities for the application of cleaner production with the exponential comparison method. The process chain consists of the crude coconut oil production at supplier level, then continuing into the coconut cooking oil at factory level. Alternative cleaner production at the suppliers level is (1) nata de coco processing (B/C ratio 1.17 and PP 0.74 years), (2) composting (B/C ratio 1.26 and PP 0.29 years), and (3) maggot production (B/C ratio 1.75 and PP 0.45 years). Alternative cleaner production at the factory level is (1) production scheduling (B/C ratio 170 and PP 0.05 months), (2) improvement in oil pouring techniques (B/C ratio 4.55 and PP 0.01 years), (3) water recycle (B/C ratio 2.99 and PP 4.23 years), and (4) pipe installation replacement (B/C ratio 3.95 and PP 0.05 years). The first recommended alternative priority was compost processing for supplier level and production scheduling for factory level.
Keyword: Cleaner production, coconut cooking oil, crude coconut oil

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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