Judul: Analisis penangkapan ikan yang pakai lampu LED dalam kawasan perlindungan kelautan dan zona inti melalui Data Vessel Monitoring System dan Visible Infrared Radiometer Suite
Abstrak: Marine Protected Areas (MPA) and No Take Zones are an effective tool for marine ecosystem preservation. Illegal fisheries can severely harm these areas. Indonesia requires fishing vessels larger than 30 gross tons to use a Vessel Monitoring System (VMS), which is able to track a vessel's geographic location at any given time. Another way to detect fisheries is through Visible Infrared Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) data which detects led light using fishing vessels from space by detecting lights at night time. This research focuses on comparing VMS and VIIRS data in order to identify lights from fishing vessels that were detected through VIIRS. In order to do this an R package, "LLFI" (Led Light Fisheries Identifier) was created. This package provides several R-function that can calculate the location of VMS using vessels at the overpass time of the VIIRS satellite. Several MPA across the Indonesian Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) were chosen as research areas. VMS and VIIRS data for the entire year of 2018 were obtained for these Regions of Interest (ROI). The R-function "vms2viirs" calculated activity for small purse seine fisheries all through the ROI and for Bouke ami fisheries in the south western part of the ROI. The R-function "vms2viirsanalysis" created three buffers (Class A = 500 m, Class B = 1000 m, Class C = 5000 m) around detected fishing vessels by the VIIRS satellite and linked the closest found vessels from the VMS data set. The amount of identified vessels for Class C was significantly higher than those for Class A and B. Approximately 10% of all detected led lights could be identified with a ship number from the VMS data set. Only around 8% of identified vessels could be found in MPA and around 3% could be found in a No Take Zone. Paths of identified vessels that some vessels did cross MPA and No Take Zones, but it is not clear whether these vessels were actively fishing over there. Almost no vessels were identified in ROI with large purse seine fisheries. It can be concluded that the LLFI package is working successfully. However, since many led light using fishing vessels have a weight of less than 30 gross ton, it must be noted that those vessels cannot be identified yet. An increase of VMS usage in Indonesian (small scale) fisheries is therefore recommended.
Keyword: Led Light Fisheries, MPA, Vessel Monitoring, VIIRS, VMS

Judul: Utilization of VIIRS Boat Detection and Vessel Monitoring System for the Surveillance of Light Fishing Vessels in Sawu Sea National Marine Park
Abstrak: Tingginya potensi sumberdaya hayati yang dimiliki Laut Sawu membuat peluang terjadinya pelanggaran penangkapan ikan pada malam hari di Taman Nasional Perairan (TNP) Laut Sawu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan sebaran kapal light fishing yang beroperasi dan mendeteksi kemungkinan adanya aktivitas pelanggaran penangkapan ikan di dalam kawasan TNP Laut Sawu serta merekomendasikan tindakan lanjut pengawasan dan pemantauan kapal penangkapan ikan di TNP Laut Sawu. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan data VIIRS Boat Detection dari Earth Observation Group dan Vessel Monitoring System Direktorat Jenderal Pengawasan Sumber Daya Kelautan dan Perikanan KKP selama tahun 2021. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis spasial dan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya aktivitas penangkapan ikan yang dilakukan oleh kapal light fishing di TNP Laut Sawu. Aktivitas kapal penangkapan ikan ditemukan pada sekitar Pulau Timor, Sumba, Sabu, Dan Rote. Terdapat deteksi kapal yang diindikasi melakukan pelanggaran penangkapan ikan, jumlah indikasi pelanggaran ditemukan paling banyak pada bulan Januari, Februari, dan Desember tahun 2021, masing masing mencapai 229 deteksi, 231 deteksi dan 167 deteksi. Rekomendasi tindakan lanjut untuk pengawasan dan pemantauan kapal penangkapan ikan di TNP Laut Sawu yaitu memberikan sosialisasi mengenai ketentuan pada setiap zona, peringatan untuk kapal besar yang masuk kawasan konservasi, meningkatkan jumlah patroli serta memanfaatkan citra satelit., The high potential of biodiversity resources in the Sawu Sea creates opportunities fishing violations in the Sawu Sea National Marine Park. This study aims to map the distribution of light fishing vessels operating in the Sawu Sea National Marine Park, detect potential fishing violation activities within the area, and recommend further actions for monitoring and supervising fishing vessels in the Sawu Sea. This study utilizes VIIRS Boat Detection data from the Earth Observation Group and the Vessel Monitoring System of the Directorate General of Marine and Fisheries Resource Surveillance, Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, during the year 2021. The data analysis methods employed include spatial and analysis descriptive analysis. The research findings reveal fishing activities conducted by light fishing vessels in the in the Sawu Sea National Marine Park. Fishing vessel activities were found around the islands of Timor, Sumba, Sabu, and Rote. There were vessel detections indicating fishing violation activities, with the highest number of potential violation occurring in January, February, and December 2021, reaching 229 detections, 231 detections, and 167 detections, respectively. Recommendations for further actions in the monitoring and supervision of fishing vessels in the Sawu Sea include conducting awareness campaigns regarding regulations in each zone, issuing warnings to large vessels entering conservation areas, increasing patrol frequencies, and utilizing satellite imagery.
Keyword: kawasan konservasi, light fishing, pengawasan, VIIRS Boat Detection (VBD), Vessel Monitoring System (VMS)

Judul: Enteric Collibacillosis Pada Anak Babi Baru Lahir: Patogenesa dan Perubahan-Perubahan Patologisnya
Abstrak: Diare disebabkan oleh infeksi bakteri Escherichia coli pada anak-anak babi baru lahir yang peka terhadap en terotoksin produk bakteri tersebut. Dikenal sebagai colibacillosis. Patogenesa dari colibacillosis anak babi baru lahir adalah (1) infeksi oleh E. coli patogen, (2) proliferasi E. coli di lumen usus halus, (3) produksi dan pelepasan enterotoksin, dan (4) aktifitas toksin pada usus halus. Dalam proses proliferasi, adanya antigen pili K88 sangat penting karena memungkinkan bakteri perlekatan dengan epitel mucosa usus halus. mengadakan Setelah ko lonisasi dan proliferasi segera toksin dilepaskan. Akti- fitas toksin menginduksi sekresi yang berlebihan dari u- sus sehingga banyak cairan yang dikeluarkan ke lumen usus. Hal ini mengakibatkan banyak cairan dan elektrolit hilang sehingga timbul diare, dehidrasi dan asidosis yang sering menyebabkan kematian. Perubahan-perubahan patologis yang umum adalah dis tensi usus halus, dilatasi lambung dan infark pada kurva- tura mayor. Perubahan-perubahan histologis yang terjadi adalah enteritis hemorrhagica acuta, oedem dan kongesti pembuluh darah di lamina propria, akumulassi leukosit inti polimorf, sel monosit, dan inti sel mengalami piknosis Thrombus pada vena dan degenerasi serta desquamasi sel epitel usus….
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