Judul: By Catch of Jaring Tarik Berkantong in Tegalsari Coastal Fishing Port, Tegal, Central Java
Abstrak: Jaring tarik berkantong (danish seine) merupakan pengganti cantrang yang dominan di PPP Tegalsari. Hasil tangkapan jaring tarik berkantong adalah ikan pelagis dan demersal yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi. Tetapi terdapat hasil tangkapan sampingan yang tidak didata dan atau dibuang di laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan unit penangkapan jaring tarik berkantong; menghitung komposisi HTU dan bycatch serta mengestimasi jumlah bycatch; dan menganalisis dampak penangkapan terhadap tingkat trofik sumberdaya ikan di PPP Tegalsari. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pengamatan langsung dan wawancara kepada nelayan jaring tarik berkantong. Responden berjumlah 12 unit penangkapan yang diambil secara accidental sampling. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif, estimasi bycatch dan penentuan trophic level hasil tangkapan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa komposisi hasil tangkapan utama sebesar 22,12% sedangkan bycatch 77,88% dari total berat keseluruhan sebesar 435.555 kg. Ditemukan 23 jenis ikan hasil tangkapan jaring tarik berkantong dengan 9 spesies jenis ikan hasil tangkapan utama (HTU) dan 14 spesies jenis ikan hasil tangkapan sampingan (HTS). HTU yang dominan yaitu cumi-cumi (Loligo sp.), sedangkan HTS yang dominan yaitu ikan kurisi (Nemipterus japonicus). Estimasi jumlah bycatch dari 12 kapal dengan total 121 kapal jaring tarik berkantong sebesar 339.200 kg. Hasil tangkapan didominasi oleh jenis ikan kelompok omnivora (TL 3) yang cenderung pemakan hewan sebesar 43%., Jaring tarik berkantong, classified as danish seine, is a fishing gear that replaces the dominant cantrang in Tegalsari fish landing place. This gear catch pelagic and demersal fishes, which have high economic value. However, some by catches were not recorded, and some have been dumped in the middle of the sea. This study aims to describe the fishing unit for jaring tarik berkantong (modified danish seine); calculate the composition of target species and by-catch and estimate the number of by-catches; analyze the impact of fishing on the trophic level of fish resources in PPP Tegalsari. The research was conducted by direct observation and interviews with seine fishermen. Respondents amounted to 12 fishing units taken by clusterized sampling. The data were analyzed descriptively by-catch estimation and determining the trophic level of the catch. The results showed that the composition of the main catch was 22.12%, while the by-catch was 77.88% of the total weight of 435.555 kg. There were 23 fish caught, with 9 main catches (HTU) and 14 species of by-catches (HTS) species. The dominant by-catch was squid (Loligo sp.), while the dominant by-catch was kurisi fish (Nemipterus japonicus). The estimated by-catch from 12 vessels made of 121 seiners was 339,200 kg. The catch was dominated by omnivorous fish species (TL 3), which tend to eat animals by 43%
Keyword: estimasi, hasil tangkapan sampingan, hasil tangkapan utama, jaring tarik berkantong, trofik level

Judul: Trophic Level Hasil Tangkapan Bagan di Teluk Banten
Abstrak: Teluk Banten merupakan area penangkapan ikan yang digunakan oleh nelayan dari Provinsi Banten. Perikanan di Provinsi Banten tidak terlepas dari aktivitas di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara (PPN) Karangantu, Serang, Banten. Produksi ikan yang didaratkan di PPN Karangantu pada tahun 2018 didominasi oleh produksi bagan sebesar 1.108.476 kg. Upaya penangkapan yang terus meningkat dapat mengubah keragaman jenis ikan dan trophic level dalam rantai makanan pada suatu area penangkapan ikan. Perubahan keragaman jenis dan struktur trofik dalam rantai makanan dapat menjadi salah satu indikator penting bagi kelestarian sumberdaya perikanan dan juga keberlanjutan kegiatan penangkapan ikan. Penelitian ini betujuan untuk mendeskripsikan komposisi jenis dan keragaman, trophic level dan kelayakan hasil tangkapan nelayan bagan di PPN Karangantu. Proses pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2019 dengan mewawancarai nelayan bagan dan mengukur sampel hasil tangkapannya. Komposisi hasil tangkapan ikan nelayan bagan yaitu, bawal hitam (Parastromateus niger), selar (Selaroides sp), teri (Stolephorus commersonnii), kembung (Rastrelliger kanagurta), tembang (Sardinella fimbriata), tongkol (Euthynnus affinis), japuh (Idussumieria acuta), dan cumi-cumi (Loligo sp). Dominasi hasil tangkapan ikan nelayan bagan yaitu, cumi-cumi sebanyak 1.099 kg, teri sebanyak 8.458 kg, dan tongkol sebanyak 1.165 kg. Indeks keragaman hasil tangkapan nelayan bagan termasuk kriteria sedang yaitu 1<H<3. Trophic level ikan hasil tangkapan bagan yaitu, cumi-cumi di TL 3, bawal hitam di TL 2, teri di TL 3, japuh di TL 3, tongkol di TL 5, tembang di TL 2, kembung di TL 3, dan selar di TL 3. Cumicumi dan ikan teri menunjukkan sudah layak tangkap sedangkan ikan tongkol belum layak tangkap. Nelayan ketika melakukan aktivitas penangkapan sebaiknya mengetahui ukuran layak tangkap ikan setiap jenisnya agar ikan-ikan yang masih belum layak tangkap dapat tumbuh dan berkembangbiak demi menunjang produktivitas penangkapan kedepannya.
Keyword: bagan, Banten, hasil tangkapan ikan, Karangantu, trophic level

Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell