Judul: Characterization of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate with Ratio of 70/30 Before and After Implanted into Sheep’s Bone
Abstrak: Nowadays, biphasic calcium phosphate is used for biomaterial to cure bone damage. This study focuses only on mixing ratio of 70% mass of hydroxyapatite and 30% mass of tricalcium phosphate with chitosan and acetic acid as the hardening. Pure HA had done by wet precipitation in sintering process at temperature of 900 oC while β-TCP is at temperature of 1000 oC. Mechanical method of BCP is proven to be a non toxic material and could absorb by the mineral body. Implanted BCP was characterized with XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDS and bone characterization with Vickers Hardness. In XRD analysis, the result is adding chitosan makes BCP less accuracy of pure HA and β-TCP. FTIR shows composition of BCP sample with HA, TCP, H2O, AKB, and N-H bending. SEMEDS releases ratio Ca/P of implant in post operation has irregularity caused by interaction with bone that supported by Vickers Hardness number. HV for 1 month of post operation have larger number for both implanted and control bone.
Keyword: β-TCP, HA, BCP

Judul: Karakterisasi Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Sebelum dan Sesudah Diimplan pada Domba
Abstrak: Biphasic Calcium Phosphate is a mixture of apatite substance that consists of HA and β- TCP. Characteristic of BCP is bioresorbable, biocompatible and bioactive for bone regeneration in the forming and developing of cells around the tissue. Synthesis of BCP is made by mechanical method. BCP implanted into sheep’s right tibia bone, while the left tibia bone used as control. Nine sheep in this research divided into three groups. Each group has characterized the implant on the first, second, and third month after the surgery. XRD analysis of BCP before implantation shows that chitosan addition changes the BCP’s intensity and ratio. The BCP that is used in this research is 75.92% HA and 24.08% β- TCP. FTIR and SEM-EDX characterization after implantation shows that the sample has interacted with body. FTIR characterization presences CO3, CH, and NH bending, while SEM EDX characterization presences the C unsure. Ca/P ratio showed that is not 1.33 to 1.67 on SEM-EDX characterization. In conclusion, that BCP can use as bone implant because it shows the biocompatible and bioactive characteristic after it implanted in sheep for three months. The Vickers Test shows that one month implanted bone has the most hardness one.
Keyword: in vivo, implant, HA

Judul: Variabilitas Transpor Arlindo Laut Flores dan Kaitannya dengan ENSO
Abstrak: Air Arlindo yang masuk ke Indonesia sebagian besarnya dilewatkan Laut Flores. Variasi volume transport Arlindo dipengaruhi oleh fenomena anomali iklim interannual seperti El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Hasil studi terdahulu menyimpulkan terjadinya La Nina meningkatan jumlah transport Arlindo, sedangkan El Nino melemahkan transport Arlindo. Untuk memahami lebih lanjut keterkaitan ENSO dengan variabilitas transport Arlindo dilakukanlah penelitian menggunakan data hasil model INDESO dan hasil observasi satelit dengan rentang waktu 2008 hingga 2015. Penelitian dilakukan di Laut Flores dengan mengkaji bagian barat (119.5oBT) dan bagian timur (123oBT) untuk melihat volume Arlindo yang masuk ke dan keluar dari Laut Flores. Analisis sirkulasi dilakukan dengan menghitung rataan komponen arus dan suhu permukaan laut secara tahunan dan pada rentang tahun ENSO untuk melihat pola sirkulasi perairan. Estimasi volume transpor dihitung dari transek di pintu barat dan pintu timur. Deret waktu volume transpor Arlindo Flores kemudian dianalisis variabilitasnya dengan analisis penapisan lolos-pita(band-pass filter) dan transformasi wavelet sinambung (Continous Wavelet Transform). Hasil penting studi ini menunjukkan bahwa sumber utama Arlindo Flores berasal dari pembelokan Arlindo Makassar dan Arlindo pintu timur Indonesia yang masuk melalui terusan Lifamatola. Kecepatan Arlindo Flores di lapisan tercampur menguat pada musim barat sebaliknya di lapisan termoklin Arlindo Flores menguat pada musim timur. Sumbu utama Arlindo Flores didominasi oleh komponen arus zonal serta mengalami intensifikasi dan bergerak menyusur bagian utara Kepulauan Nusa Tenggara. Fluktuasi Arlindo Flores pada skala-waktu interannual menunjukkan volume transport maksimum terjadi pada tahun La Nina (November 2008-Maret 2009), sedangkan volume transpor minimum terjadi pada tahun El Nino (November 2014-Desember 2015). Struktur menegak Arlindo lebih kuat di kedalaman antara permukaan sampai 400 m. Variabilitas Arlindo Flores menandakan adanya fluktuasi pada periode intraseasonal, semi-annual, dan annual. Fluktuasi Arlindo skala interannual muncul jelas dari hasil penapisan lolos-pita, dimana fluktuasinya terlihat signifikan di kedalaman termoklin.
Keyword: Arus Lintas Indonesia, Laut Flores, ENSO, INDESO model, variabilitas volume transpor