Judul: Product Development of Red Kidney Beans and Brown Rice–Based Flakes Breakfast for Weight Management
Abstrak: The global epidemic of obesity is growing at an unprecedented pace and obesity has become one of the world's most important public health issues. It is predicted that by 2030, 38% of the global adult population will be overweight without effective intervention. Globally more than 650 million obese and 1.9 billion overweight people. There are several influences correlated with obesity and metabolic disorders, including genetics and physiological differences (gender and age), living environments, and habits (diet, stress, smoking, alcohol, and exercise). Obesity contributes to many metabolic disorders, such as inflammatory-related diseases, cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, coronary artery problems, obesity, and diabetes. In line with it was mentioned that one of the factors that cause overweight or obesity is skipping breakfast. This is because the one who Skips breakfast may eat street food often that contains a high in carbohydrates and fats like fried foods. Based on this, data from The Indonesian Food and Drug Authority (BPOM 2016) showed that there are about 1015 products that were officially registered with the keyword “grains” and only 67 products were officially registered with the keyword “flakes”. Most of the grains and flakes listed are generally made of corn and wheat. However, it is still rare to find flakes made from legumes. It is worth noting that breakfast meal flakes are a popular ready-to-eat breakfast food in several countries but the breakfast flakes on the market contain a high in carbohydrates, which makes the consumer has a limited choice of breakfast product, especially for people who suffer from obesity. The nature of the problem described above inspired the design of this research to produce and develop breakfast flakes made with brown rice and red kidney beans as the main ingredients as sources rich in dietary fiber and protein to prevent obesity. The study was set up in design with four formulas (F1, F2, F3, F4) with five attributes. The results included the organoleptic data in the form of hedonic test and hedonic quality test, total fat, SFAs, MUFAs, PUFAs, dietary fiber, and proximate analysis and the results were analyzed by using Microsoft Excel 2010 and SPSS 26.0. Based on the results of the analysis of organoleptic data, formula F4 had the highest hedonic score with the proportion of brown rice flour to red beans flour 40 %: 60 %, had the following characteristics: brownish yellow color, normal aroma, tasteful taste, and crispy texture. The determination of the flakes product selected was based on the preferences of the panelists for sensory tests, and there were significant differences in the attributes of taste, and texture (p< 0.05). Based on nutritional content analysis results of selected flakes (F4) were contain a high number of nutrients but a relatively low number of calories (373.81 kcal per 100 g), whereas nutrients (moisture, ash, protein, carbohydrate, fat, and dietary fiber) were 9.68 % w/b, 6.43 % w/b, 23.57 % w/b, 52.67 % w/b, 7.65% w/b and 14.53 %w/b ii respectively. Furthermore, Fe, Ca, Na, and K content was 3.98 mg, 137.10 mg, 1381.64 mg, and 793.15 mg, respectively. The ash content
Keyword: breakfast meal, brown rice, flakes, functional foods, red beans, weight management

Judul: Pemanfaatan Beras Hitam dan Kedelai Hitam pada Pembuatan Flakes Sumber Protein dan Serat Pangan untuk Sarapan Anak Usia Sekolah
Abstrak: Tidak adanya cukup waktu dan makanan yang tersedia di pagi hari seringkali menjadi alasan anak usia sekolah melewatkan waktu sarapannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan produk sarapan siap saji flakes dengan memanfaatkan beras hitam dan kedelai hitam. Penelitian ini menggunakan 4 kombinasi beras hitam dan kedelai hitam yang digunakan yaitu F1 (80:20), F2 (60:40), F3 (40:60), dan F4 (20:80). Analisis yang dilakukan meliputi uji organoleptik (uji kesukaan dan mutu hedonik), analisis kandungan gizi (uji proksimat dan kadar serat pangan), serta uji karakteristik fisik (uji daya serap air, waktu rehidrasi, kekerasan, dan densitas kamba). Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji One Way ANOVA. Formula flakes terpilih dalam penelitian ini yaitu F3 dengan proporsi beras hitam sebesar 40% dan kedelai hitam sebesar 60% berdasarkan pertimbangan dari penilaian organoleptik, karakteristik fisik, dan kandungan gizi. Kandungan gizi flakes terpilih dalam setiap takaran saji (30g) yaitu sebesar 141 kkal energi, 5,5 g lemak, 6,1 g protein, 17 g karbohidrat, dan 3,1 g serat pangan. Formula terpilih ini dapat diklaim sebagai produk sumber protein dan tinggi serat pangan yang memenuhi 11,1-15,2% kebutuhan protein dan 11-13,4% kebutuhan serat harian anak usia sekolah (7-12 tahun)., The unavailability of time and food in the morning is most of the reason why school-age children skip their breakfast. This study aims to develop a ready-to-eat flakes product by utilizing black rice and black soybeans. This study used 4 combination of black rice and black soybeans namely F1 (80:20), F2 (60:40), F3 (40:60), and F4 (20:80). The analysis carried out in this study were organoleptic tests (hedonic and rating difference tests), nutritional content tests (proximate and dietary fiber content test), and physical characteristics tests (water absorption, rehydration time, texture, and bulk density) were tested by One Way ANOVA statistics test. The selected formula in this study was F3 with proportion 40% of black rice and 60% black soybeans based on the consideration of organoleptic, physical characteristics, and nutritional content. The nutritional content of selected formula for each servings (30 g) was 141 kcal of energy, 5,5 g of fat, 6,1 g of protein, 17 g of carbohydrates, and 3,1 g of dietary fiber. This selected formula can be claimed as protein source and high dietary fiber product that can provide 11,1-15,2% of daily protein needs and 11-13,4% of daily fiber needs for school-age children (7-12 years).
Keyword: Black Rice, Black Soybeans, Cereal Flakes, School-Age Children

Judul: Gerak intertropical convergence zone di wilayah Indonesia
Abstrak: Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) merupakan salalı satu faktor yang mempengaruhi intensitas dan distribusi curah hujan di Indonesia. Pada umumnya daerah yang dilalui ITCZ memiliki curah hujan yang tinggi. Oleh sebab itu perlu diketahui posisi ITCZ setiap bulan. Dalam penelitian ini dikaji metode penentuan posisi ITCZ berdasarkan data Geostationery Meteorological Satellite serta pola gerak ITCZ tiap bulan. Penentuan posisi gerak ITCZ dilakukan dengan menggunakan persamaan regresi linear sederhana dan persamaan polinom orde dua/tiga. Dengan persamaan regresi linear sederhana dan polinom orde dua/tiga posisi ITCZ dapat ditentukan dengan ketepatan yang cukup baik. Posisi rata-rata ITCZ pada bulan Januari berada di belahan bumi selatan, sedangkan bulan April, Juli dan Oktober berada di belahan bumi utara. Dengan persamaan polinom orde dua/tiga pada bulan April, Juli dan Oktober posisi rata-rata ITCZ berada 2º lintang lebih ke utara dan pada bulan Januari berada 3º lintang lebih ke selatan dibandingkan dengan persamaan regresi linear sederhana. Untuk bulan Januari, April dan Juli penentuan posisi rata-rata ITCZ dengan persamaan polinom orde dua/tiga relatif lebih tepat, sedangkan dengan persamaan regresi linear sederhana terjadi penyimpangan yang cukup besar. Sebaliknya untuk bulan Oktober dengan persamaan regresi linear sederhana relatif lebih tepat. Secara umum pola gerak ITCZ tiap bulan (1994-1997) mengikuti gerak matahari. Pada bulan Desember-Februari ITCZ bergerak ke selatan ekuator, bulan Maret-Mei bergerak ke utara menuju ekuator, bulan Juni-Agustus bergerak lebih jauh ke utara dan bulan September-November kembali bergerak ke selatan. Posisi rata-rata ITCZ paling selatan pada 3° LS (bulan Maret), sedangkan posisi rata-rata ITCZ paling utara pada 14° LU (bulan Agustus). Penyimpangan posisi ITCZ dapat terjadi karena pengelompokan jenis awan yang kurang spesifik, juga dapat disebabkan oleh penyimpangan sirkulasi Walker dari keadaan normal. Luas zone ITCZ pada bulan Januari, April, Juli dan Oktober berubah-ubah baik dalam tahun yang sama maupun antar tahun (1994-1997).
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