Judul: Modal sosial Petani dalam pengelolaan hutan rakyat Koperasi Wana Lestari Menoreh (Desa Pagerharjo, Kabupaten Kulon Progo, D.I. Yogyakarta)
Abstrak: This study aimed to find the information about social capital elements that were owned by the private forest farmers of Wana Lestari Menoreh cooperative members. These elements of social capital comprised of trust, social networking, and social norms. The data used in this study were (1) The system of community forest management, (2) The institutional role of the cooperatives, (3) The social capital from the member of farmers. Family-based land management was an important aspect that determined the private forest management at Pagerharjo. The respondents’ trust indicated the level of an average score of 8.37 (high category). The basis of the respondents’ trust was the ability and intention of cooperative as an institution in managing and marketing wood product of the members. In addition, a cooperation between the Wana Lestari Menoreh cooperative and credit union Kharisma Taliasih could help farmers to get a creditloan with tree ownership as collateral. The social networking of respondents indicated a score in an average of 8.43 (high category). The ability of the respondent farmers to build a number of associations and social networks was shown by the existence of social relations, broadness, and openness. The mean score of social norms was 8.10 (high category). The high score of social norms was due to the relationship of trust and cooperation rules among the society to realize the forest land management.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), social capital, private forest, forest cooperative institution

Judul: Modal Sosial dalam Pengelolaan Hutan Rakyat Lestari di Kabupaten Wonogiri Provinsi Jawa Tengah
Abstrak: Some researchs on the private forest have been done across continents with various themes. This study aimed to measure the level of social capital in the management of private forest, and analyze their effects on the private forest performance. The research was conducted by using survey method. Two villages in two district were purposively selected. Respondents were randomly selected from each villages with total number of 60 respondents. The results showed that the level of social capital in two communities in the management of private forest is high, based on strongly rules and solidarity. High social capital has facilitated the awakening of the good private forest performance, characterized by good levels of high private forest productivity, as well as the on going sustainable management of private forest, benefits in the rules of fair management and efficient cost of private forest management. Strong social capital encouraged better performance. This study concludes that social capital of Wonogiri community is still strong. Considering the high social capital in the community, the authors suggest a need to increase the parties, especially the government to support forest management through the enhancement of the role, facilitating the expansion of social networks, and strengthening to aplicate the rules to the public.
Keyword: 

Judul: Analysis of Dose Distribution to the Fetus Using Monte Carlo Simulation
Abstrak: Radioterapi pada ibu hamil harus memperhatikan dosis radiasi yang diterima janin. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya pengetahuan lebih lanjut mengenai distribusi dosis pada janin. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui distribusi dosis pada janin dengan paru-paru sebagai lokasi penyinaran dengan variasi usia janin, energi, medan paparan, dan jarak janin dengan lokasi penyinaran. Percobaan dilakukan dengan metode Monte Carlo menggunakan software EGSnrc dengan fantom berukuran 40x40x40 cm3. Hasil yang didapatkan pada trimester 1 janin mendapat dosis hingga 13% pada 0,02%. Trimester 2 janin mendapat dosis hingga 100% pada 0,04% dan trimester 3 janin mendapat dosis hingga 100% pada 0,07%. Selanjutnya, ketika menggunakan energi 3 MeV janin mendapat dosis hingga 100% pada 0,03%, dan dengan energi 5 MeV janin mendapatkan dosis hingga 100% pada 0,07%. Medan paparan diatur pada ukuran 5, It is important to pay attention to the amount of radiation the fetus receives when performing radiotherapy on pregnant women. Therefore, a further study is needed regarding dose distribution to the fetus. This study aims to determine the distribution of dose to the fetus with the lungs as the radiation location with variations in fetal age, energy, exposure field, and distance of the fetus to the radiation beam. The experiment was done using Monte Carlo method using EGSnrc with a sized phantom. In the 1st trimester, the fetus received dose up to 13% at 0,02%, in the 2nd trimester, the fetus receives dose up to 100% at 0,04%, and in the 3rd trimester, the fetus receives dose up to 100% at 0,07%. Furthermore, when using 3 MeV energy the fetus gets dose up to 100% in 0,03%, and with 5 MeV energy the fetus gets dose up to 100% in 0,07%. The exposure field is set at 5×5 cm2 resulting in the fetus receiving dose up to 37% in 0,009% and with an exposure field of 8×8 cm2 the fetus receives dose up to 100% in 0,07%. At location 1, the fetus receives dose up to 12% at 0,07% and at location 2 the fetus receives dose up to 100% at 0,075%.
Keyword: Monte Carlo, dosis janin, EGSnrc, radioterapi