Judul: Studi Literatur: Pemanfaatan Kitin dan  Kitosan dari Lalat Tentara Hitam (Hermetia illucens Diptera: Stratiomyidae) pada  Dunia Medis.
Abstrak: Lalat tentara hitam merupakan insekta yang pembudidayaannya mulai meningkat pesat di Indonesia. Saat ini riset mengenai lalat tentara hitam banyak dilakukan untuk meneliti kandungan nutrisi, pemanfaatannya, dan karakteristiknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan kitin dan kitosan yang diperoleh dari ekstraksi lalat tentara hitam yang difokuskan pada penggunaannya di dunia biomedis. Kajian pustaka dilakukan dengan penelusuran berbagai jurnal ilmiah melalui media daring. Hasil yang diperoleh berupa data sekunder mengenai karakteristik dari lalat tentara hitam, nutrisi yang terkandung, penjelasan mengenai kitin dan kitosan serta proses ekstraksi kitin dari lalat tentara hitam dan pemanfaatan kitin dan kitosan yang terkandung pada lalat tentara hitam. Kitin dan kitosan yang sudah diekstraksi dari lalat tentara hitam dapat menjadi solusi sebagai sumber bahan baku kitin yang memiliki kualitas baik serta dapat membantu menghasilkan solusi terbarukan dalam membantu pengobatan dunia medis., Black soldier fly is an insect whose cultivation has begun to increase rapidly in Indonesia. Currently, a lot of research on black soldier flies is carried out to examine the nutritional content, utilization and characteristics. This study aims to determine the utilization of chitin and chitosan obtained from the extraction of the black soldier fly which is focused on its use in the biomedical world. The literature review was carried out by searching various scientific journals through online media. The results were obtained in the form of secondary data regarding the characteristics of the black soldier fly, the nutrients contained, an explanation of chitin and chitosan as well as the extraction process of chitin from the black soldier fly and the utilization of chitin and chitosan contained in the black soldier fly. Chitin and chitosan that have been extracted from black soldier flies can be a solution as a source of good quality chitin raw materials and can help produce renewable solutions in helping the medical world.
Keyword: Hermetia illucens, chitin, chitosan, medic, nutrient

Judul: Influence of Various Organic Wastes on Growth Performance and Nutrient Composition of Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens): A Meta-analysis
Abstrak: Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae (Hermetia illucens) atau maggot merupakan serangga yang berpotensi sebagai sumber pakan protein. Pertumbuhan dan komposisi nutrien maggot bergantung dengan substrat pertumbuhannya. Umumnya, substrat adalah limbah-limbah organik karena ketersediaannya yang melimpah dan murah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pemanfaatan berbagai limbah sebagai substrat pertumbuhan maggot terhadap performa tumbuh dan kandungan nutrien pada maggot secara meta-analisis. Tahapan pertama pada metodei, database disusun dengan mengintegrasikan 47 studi dari 13 artikel jurnal yang telah dipublikasi. Artikel-artikel tersebut didapatkan dari beberapa database elektronik yaitu Science Direct dan Google Scholar. Substrat-substrat organik kemudian dikelompokkan menjadi 4 kelompok yaitu, limbah makanan, pakan, feses, dan yang lainnya (substrat-substrat yang tidak termasuk pada 3 kelompok sebelumnya). Kelompok-kelompok substrat tersebut kemudian dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan ANOVA dengan uji lanjut Duncan jika terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa substrat limbah makanan dan pakan memiliki persentase indeks reduksi limbah dan tingkat konversi limbah yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok substrat feses dan lainnya (P<0.05). Kelompok substrat pakan menunjukan nilai jumlah panen yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan substrat limbah makanan (P<0.05). Disamping itu, kandungan nutrien bahan kering, abu, protein kasar dan lemak kasar maggot tidak dipengaruhi secara nyata oleh variasi kelompok substrat yang digunakan. Sehinggga dapat disimpulkan, komposisi nutrien substrat mempengaruhi kecepatan performa tumbuh dan bobot panen maggot namun tidak mempengaruhi komposisi nutrien maggot., Black soldier fly (BSF) larvae (Hermetia illucens) is a potential protein source in animal feed. The development and nutrient composition of maggot depend on its substrate. Generally, substrates are organic wastes because of their abundant and inexpensive availability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of various organic wastes as substrates on growth performance and nutrient composition of maggot across various studies by employing a meta-analysis method. The first of method, a database was developed by integrating data from 47 studies that derived from 13 articles. The articles were derived from several electronic databases such as Science Direct and Google Scholar. Organic substrates were categorized into four groups, i.e., food waste, animal feed, faeces, and other substrates (those which could not be included into the previous three groups). These groups were statistically analyzed by using analysis of variance and continued with the Duncan multiple range test to compare among different group means. The results showed that food waste and animal feed substrates had higher percentage of waste reduction index and conversion rate as compared to those of faeces and other substrates (P<0.05). Animal feed substrate had higher prepupal yield mass of maggot than that of food waste substrate (P<0.05). In regard to nutrient composition of the maggot, dry matter, ash, crude protein, and ether extract composition of the insect species were not influenced by the different substrates and revealed relatively similar values. In conclusion, a more nutritious substrate leads to a faster growth and a higher mass yield of maggot, but it does not alter nutrient composition of the insect.
Keyword: black soldier fly, bio-conversion, feed, organic by-product

Judul: : Persamaan Tunggal sebagai Representasi Kurva Komposit
Abstrak: A mathematical method is introduced to represent a composite curve based on an extension of analytic geometry. The representation is given either with a single equation or with two equations, in the case of parametric representation. This method permits the representation of composite curves in similar manner to the conventional representation of non-composite curves. Some mathematical tools, including Heaviside unit step function and periodizer function, are used in the establishment of a single equation. In this paper, regular equations of regular and irregular polygon, as well as composite curves of two dimensions, are implemented using a computer algebraic system, Mathematica.
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