Judul: Struktur dan komposisi flora hutan pegunungan dataran rendah di taman nasional rawa aopa watumohae Sulawesi Tenggara
Abstrak: Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengumpulkan data floristik Taman Nasional Rawa Aopa Watumohae, terutama komposisi flora hutan. yang menyangkut struktur dan pegunungan dataran rendah. Penelitian dilakukan pada dua kelompok hutan yakni kelompok hutan Makaleleo dan kelompok hutan Watumohae dengan menggunakan jalur coba sebagai petak sampel. Peletakan jalur coba dilakukan secara sistematik sampling (Dosting, kontur 1956), dan arah jalur dibuat memotong garis (Soerianegara. dan Indrawan, 1988). Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juli sampai Agustus 1990. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi nama jenis, jumlah jenis, tinggi total, tinggi bebas cabang, posisi pohon, gambar proyeksi tajuk dan gambar pohon. Hasil analisis data menunjukan bahwa kelompok hutan Makaleleo tersusun atas tiga strata dengan masing strata berkisar antara 34 - 42 m, 22 - 22 m. Sedangkan kelompok hutan Watumohae tinggi masing10- 34 m hanya dan tersusun atas satu strata dengan tinggi strata berkisar antara 713 m. Berdasarkan pencatatan jumlah jenis tumbuhan menunjukan bahwa pada kelompok hutan Makaleleo teridentifikasi 45 jenis pohon dari 38 marga dan 23 suku serta 6 jenis tumbuhan bawah dari 4 marga dan 1 suku. Sedangkan kelompok hutan. Watumo- hae teridentifikasi 20 jenis pohon dari 19 marga dan 14 suku serta 12 jenis tumbuhan bawah dari 11 marga dan 6 suku. Hasil perhitungan kesamaan komposisi jenis antara kedua kelompok hutan sangat rendah yakni berkisar antara 0 10,65 persen (berdasarkan jenis-jenis yang sama) dan jumlah nilai penting dari - 20,45 persen (berdasarkan jumlah jenis yang sama). Sehingga kedua kelompok hutan ini tidak dapat dikatagorikan sebagai tipe komunitas yang sama. Tipe-tipe. tersebut adalah kombinasi jenis-jenis dominan pada tiap kelompok hutan…dst
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Judul: Komposisi Jenis dan Struktur Tegakan Hutan di Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: INTRODUCTION. The existence of forest as an ecosystem is important for life supporting system. This is because the forest produces various benefits, either in the form of services or goods which are very useful for life. In West Java, as in other parts of Indonesia, forests which are still having relatively good condition, are found only in conservation areas. One of the forest conservation areas which is relatively large is Gunung Ciremai National Park (TNGC). The TNGC constitutes a nature conservation area which possesses important ecological function as life supporting system for the surrounding ecosystem. However, information concerning the existing biodiversity in TNGC is still lacking. Therefore, there is a need for more studies to obtain information on biodiversity level and forest composition and structure in TNGC. METHODOLOGY. This study was conducted from August through September 2008 in altitude zones of < 1.000 m above sea level (asl) (lowland zone), 1.000 – 2400 m asl (montane zone), and > 2.400 m asl (sub alpine zone) in Gunung Ciremai National Park, West Java. This study was performed by using vegetation analysis technique which constitutes combination between strip method for tree stage vegetation inventory and plotted line method for forest regeneration inventory. To ease the inventory process, each strip was divided into plots of 20 m X 20 m for tree stage vegetation inventory, 10 m X 10 m for pole stage inventory, 5 m X 5 m for sapling stage inventory, and 2 m X 2 m for seedling stage inventory. Units of vegetation sample plot were placed in west and south slope directions at altitude zones of < 1.000 m asl, 1.000 – 2.400 m asl, and > 2400 m asl. In each slope direction, two sample units with strip length of 200 m and width of 20 m were established. Sampling units were placed in the field with sampling design of systematic sampling with random start. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION. Sub alpine zone exhibited the least number of species (11 species) at all growth stages, as compared with those of montane zone (62 species) and lowland forest zone (58 species). The number of species in the montane zone was relatively greater as compared with that of lowland forest zone. In lowland zone, the dominant species were huru meuhmal (Litsea tomentosa) at seedling stage (IVI 33,7 %), kileho (Saurauia pendula) at sapling stage (IVI 29,3 %), and pine (Pinus merkusii) at pole and tree stages (IVI 144,7 % and 112.8 %). In the montane zone, the dominant species were huru meuhmal (Litsea tomentosa ) at seedling stage (IVI 22,6 %), Litsea sp. at sapling stage (IVI 19,4 %), walen (Ficus ribes) at pole stage (IVI 32.6 %) and saninten (Castanopsis argentea) at tree stage (IVI 45,4 %). At sub alpine zone, the dominant species was plending (Leucaena glauca) at seedling and sapling stages (IVI 64 % and 76,4 %), cantigi (Vaccinium varingifolium) at pole stage (IVI 124,3 %), and jamuju (Dacrycarpus imbricatus) at tree stage (IVI 138,3 %). Index of species diversity (H’) for all elevation zones in TNGC were categorized as high
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Judul: Dynamical System of Hepatitis B in Three Groups with Vaccination
Abstrak: The aim of this study is to modify the hepatitis B transmission model in three age groups involving vaccination from the model conducted by Zhoe and Zhang.The method used is to analyze the stability of the fixed point and its basic reproduction number (R_0). Performed stability analysis and numerical simulation to see population dynamics. Next, a sensitivity analysis of the parameters was carried out to see its effect on R_0. From the analysis obtained two fixed points, namely non-endemic and endemic fixed points. Non-endemic fixed points are locally asymptotically stable if R_0 <1 Meanwhile, the endemic fixed point is locally asymptotically stable if R_0 > 1. Hepatitis vaccination affects the number of susceptible population, because the more successful the vaccination, the smaller the number of susceptible populations so that the smaller the population will be infected.
Keyword: Dynamic, Hepatitis B, Vaccine, Mathematical model