Judul: Pemanfaatan Limbah Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) dan Serbuk Kayu Mahoni sebagai Bahan Baku Biopelet
Abstrak: Despite widely known for its use as food, palm’s wastes produced by the plantation aren’t optimally used yet. Palm waste has potential to be made into fuel, one of which is biopellet. This research aims to find out the biopellet’s characteristic made from palm waste and examine the effect of augmenting mahoni sawdust toward biopellet’s quality. Materials used are exterior part of palm plant’s trunks, interior part of palm’s trunks, palm’s midrib, leaves, and mixed materials such as mahoni sawdust (0%, 15%, 30%, 50%). Biopellet was made using 40-60 mesh particle and compressed in 200 oC temperature for 15 minutes. Biopellet characteristics were examined using SNI 06-4369-1996 and SNI 01-2891-1992 standard. Research results show that biopellet’s water content is 0.14% - 2.34%, with volatile matter 62.34% - 76.29%, 1.12% - 13.32% ash content, 0.65 g/cm3 – 0.94 g/cm3 density, calor value as much as 4269.27 cal/g – 4729.99 cal/g, sulphur content 0.012% - 0.038%, nitrogen 0.290% - 1.95%, and chlorine content < 0.01%.
Keyword: calor value, biopellet, sawdust, oil palm

Judul: Pembuatan Biopelet dari Cangkang Kelapa Sawit dengan Penambahan Arang Cangkang Sawit dan Serabut Sawit sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif Terbarukan
Abstrak: Biopellet is one of an alternative energy for rural community. The abundance of palm shell and palm fiber is a potential source of biomass that can be converted into biomass pellet (biopellet). Pelletization can improve the quality and burning characteristic of the biomass. The purpose of this Fesearch was to learn the utilization of palm shell and fiber into biopellet production and to know the affectation of addition the palm shell charcoal and palm fiber. The research begun with an analysis of physic-chemical properties contained in the raw material. Then the result continued by analysis of tombustion characteristic. Based on the physic-chemical properties and the combustion Characteristics; biopellet of palm shell that contained 80% of palm shell and 20% of palm shell charcoal has the best quality. It has 0.47% of moisture content; 9.83% of ash content; 55.34% of Polatile matter; 34.84% of fixed carbon content; 5,265.92 kcal/kg of the heating value; 1,260.30 kg/m² f bulk density; and 82.09 kg/cm of strength pressure. The consumption rate of the best formulation biopellet was 1.39 kg/jam and the combustion efficient was 11.59%. The production of palm shell biopellet on a laboratory scale produced yield of 11.54%. Energy input for this process is 101,751.86 cal and energy output is 9,794.61 kcal. Biopellet increased the heating value of palm shell for 25.55% or 7,008.84 kcal/kg.
Keyword: Palm shell, Palm fiber, Biopellet, Charcoal, Carbonization

Judul: Implementation of Spatio-Temporal Change Query in Relational Database.
Abstrak: Geographic object changes in various views. Object changes are recorded using a model of static storage. No historical connection between old version data and new version data has been built. For that, a storage model of spatio-temporal queries that can analyze spatio-temporal changes has been developed. The object changes the geometry are grouped according to the taxonomy of Spatio-Temporal Pattern Change. This research has been able to apply the query patterns change including born, expand, merge, contract, split, normal and die. This query based on geometric (area) changes. The implementation of spatio-temporal change queries represents an object changes continuously with easy, change detection is done by comparing two versions of data. Keyword: spatio-temporal change query, spatio-temporal change pattern.
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