Judul: Aktivitas Makan, Kuantitas dan Kualitas Pakan Pada Bekantan (Nasalis larvatus) yang Diberi Berbagai Jenis Pakan di Taman Safari Indonesia
Abstrak: Proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus) are primate that live in groups on trees and consume leaves. The consumption of leaves is done by proboscis monkeys in their feeding activities. The feeding activities of proboscis monkeys relates to the fulfillment of their daily energy. The energy is needed for the continuity of the group existence. The feeding activities of proboscis monkeys have several activities. They are observing, taking, checking, processing, biting, chewing, ingesting, pulling out the feed from their mouth and disposing the feed. The quantity of food that consumed determines the sufficience amount of nutrient needed. This study aimed to assess the feeding activities, the feed quantity and the quality of proboscis monkeys (N. larvatus) which are given many kinds of food items in Taman Safari Indonesia. The data collection for the feeding activities was performed using ad libitum and focal animal sampling methods. The feeding activities were observed for 46 days since June until July 2009, 6 hours a day with total of 276 hours observations. The percentages of the eating activities of Boki (the adult male), Ayu and Chintya (the adult females) and Kia, Nakula, Pretty (the infants) were 34,15%, 29,92%, 30,91%, 11,13%, 7,69%, and 7,36% respectively. The chewing and pulling out the feed from their mouth on adult male, adult females and infants were the largest and the smallest percentage of the feeding activities (57,14%, 60,31%, 63,71%) and (1,55%, 2,47%, 1,95%). While, the adult male revealed the greatest percentage of regurgitation (57,06%). Proboscis monkeys have good palatability in type of bean. The result of the study revealed that the monkeys have sufficient dry matter and protein consumption (48,82 g/BB/h, 89 g/BB/h and 5,76 g/BB/h, 10,50 g/BB/h), but less for fat and energy (1,06 g/BB/h, 2 g/BB/h and 115,88 kkal/BB/h, 211 kkal/BB/h), while nutrient recommended.
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Judul: Pemanfaatan Ruang oleh Bekantan (Nasalis larvatus Wunnb) pada Habitat Terisolasi di Kuala Samboja, Kalimantan Timur
Abstrak: Proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus Wurmb) is an endemic primate species to the island of Borneo and has been classified as endangered species by IUCN. Fourty percent of this habitat has been lost and only 4.1% of this habitat occurs within designated conservation areas. Kuala Samboja River is an unprotected habitat of proboscis monkey. This area was narrow, isolated, and fragmented. The objectives of the research were to obtain habitat conditions, population, food source, and space use. Data were collected through vegetation analysis by line-plot sampling method, activity budget and use of space by instantaneous sampling method, whereas food sources by individual activity records of feeding (IARF) method. The groups were observed were Stan, Zacky, and Raja. The results of this study showed that the community of habitat are dominated by Sonneratia caseolaris, Cerbera manghas, Vitex pinnata, and Elaeocarpus stipularis. Twenty one of plant species were found as food sources, five of those were preferred i.e. S. caseolaris, V. pinnata, Deris sp., Hevea braziliensis, and Avicenia cf. officinalis. The population of proboscis monkey more than 143 monkeys, 98 monkeys divided to 9 groups (6 one-male groups, 3 all-male groups), whereas 45 monkeys unidentified. Generally, the monkeys spent more time for feeding in the morning and afternoon and resting in noonday. Feeding and moving activity of female greater than male but resting was lesser, whereas social activity was done by female only. Each mean daily range groups were 289 m (Stan), 260 m (Zacky), and 449 m (Raja), while home range size were 4.92, 4.52, and 6.92 ha, respectively. The groups of Stan, Zacky and Raja spent most of their time at heights of 9-12 m, 0-6 m, and 3-9 m, respectively. Use of canopy stratum influence by habitat conditions, temperature, blown of wind, and predators.
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Judul: Penerapan teknik watermarking untuk penandaan hak cipta pada peta vektor dengan format DXF
Abstrak: Drawing Interchange Format (DXF) is one of the general file in the field of the vector image commonly used for making maps. The DXF format is a tagged data representation of all the information contained in an AutoCAD drawing (DWG) file. Tagged data means that each data element in the watermark is preceded by an integer number called the group code. The study was carried out because there is still no tools of labeling the copyright on digital mapping using DXF file. This study aims to generate an application for copyright labeling on vector map with DXF format that can be applied to any types of spatial objects in the map. The technique used is changing the code inside the vector image. The insertion of the watermark is done by utilizing ENTITIES section by multiplying objects for sets of binary values. The results showed that the image after the watermarking insertion process is the same as the original vector image. Embedded watermark is resistant to rotation and scaling, however it has the possibility of one-third to be broken in the attack on specific object. This study has successfully implemented watermarking technique for copyright labeling on the vector map with DXF format.
Keyword: Drawing Interchange Format, Robust Watermark, Tagged Data, Vector Image, Watermarking