Judul: Variasi Gen Pengkode Subunit E1β Branched-Chain α- Keto Acid Dehydrogenase Complex Pada Kambing Kacang Dan Kosta
Abstrak: Kompleks branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKDH) merupakan kompleks multi enzim yang memiliki peran penting dalam regulasi katabolisme asam amino bercabang (branched-chain amino acids, BCAA). Informasi mengenai gen BCKDH telah dilaporkan pada sapi, sedangkan pada ruminansia kecil seperti kambing dan domba hingga saat ini belum ada laporan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memetakan variasi ekson 1, 3, dan 4 dari gen pengkode subunit E1β branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDHB) pada kambing kacang (n=2) dan kosta (n=2) jantan. Proses amplifikasi DNA dengan teknik PCR menggunakan pasangan primer AF515-AF516, AF519-AF520, dan AF521-AF522 adalah sekuen ekson 1 (64 bp), ekson 3 (134 pb), dan ekson 4 (156 pb) yang conserved pada keempat sekuen yang dianalisis. Situs yang bervariasi terdapat pada daerah 5’UTR (C10G dan A11C), intron 1 (G199C, C302T, C461T, C538T, dan C583T), dan intron 4 (T553C dan A758G). Penyejajaran hasil deduksi asam amino menunjukkan bahwa keempat sekuen kambing identik dengan sekuen asam amino dari kambing hitam Yunnan yang telah dipublikasikan di GenBank (XM_005684454 dan NC_022301). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa variasi nukleotida yang terdapat pada intron 1 dan 4 merupakan mutasi netral.
Keyword: BCAA, BCKDHB, kambing kacang, kambing kosta

Judul: Analisis Keragaman Nukleotida Ruas Ekson 4 Gen Branched Chain Ketoacid Dehydrogenase E1-α Polypeptide (BCKDHA) pada Sapi
Abstrak: Branched Chain Ketoacid Dehydrogenase (BCKD) is the enzyme complex that have a role in changing branched chain amino acid (leusin, isoleusin, and valin) into α-keto which can involve in Crebs cycle. Deficiency of enzyme complex BCKD will cause Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD). This research aimed to analyze the variability of exon 4 nucleotides of BCKDHA gene on cattle. Analysis of variants from BCKDHA gene was performed using 5 DNA samples from madura cattle, 3 DNA samples from sumba ongole (so) cattle, and 3 DNA samples from ongole descendant cattle and nucleotides sequencing was conducted on PCR product from amplification of DNA pooling sample method. The variant of the exon 4 was G36T on po cattle. This variant revealed transversion substitution which changed Glu (GAA) to stop codon (TAA). The other variant, G144C was found in intron 4 of madura and so cattle.
Keyword: BCKDHA, exon 4, variant, DNA pooling, MSUD

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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