Judul: Formulasi, Uji Kecukupan Panas, dan Pendugaan Umur Simpan Minuman Sari Wornas (Wortel-Nanas)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dirancang untuk mendapatkan produk minuman yang sehat dan kaya serat. Selain memanfaatkan sinergi provitamin A dan vitamin C sebagai antioksidan. Dua bahan yang dipilih adalah wortel dan nanas karena nanas merupakan salah satu buah tropis yang mengandung vitamin C, pektin, dan enzim bromelin yang berkhasiat untuk mengurangi rasa sakit dan memperlancar peredaran darah. Wortel merupakan salah satu jenis sayuran yang kaya akan serat dan beta-karoten yang berkhasiat sebagai antioksidan dan menghambat penuaan. Untuk memperoleh sari wornas yang disukai dan dapat diterima secara organoleptik, serta aman dikonsumsi maka dilakukan formulasi sari wornas, uji kecukupan panas sari wornas dalam kemasan cup PP 165 ml, dan pendugaan umur simpan sari wornas dengan metode Arrhenius. Formulasi sari wornas dibagi menjadi 7 tahap, yaitu : mengkarakterisasi bahan baku yang akan digunakan, menentukan tingkat kematangan wortel-nanas, perbandingan wortel-nanas, komposisi air, kadar gula, kadar asam (asam sitrat dan asam askorbat), dan kadar penstabil (CMC dan Na-alginat).
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Judul: Optimasi Formula Minuman Sari Buah Nanas-Wortel Menggunakan Desain Mixture D-Optimal
Abstrak: Pasar minuman ringan Indonesia sudah tersaturasi dengan minuman yang sama, dengan sedikit variasi, seperti minuman teh kemasan Ready to drink (RTD) dan minuman ringan berkarbonasi. Minuman ringan dengan basis buah jarang ditemukan, dan lebih jarang lagi berdasarkan buah nanas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan formula optimal untuk minuman ringan berbasis nanas-wortel dengan menggunakan metode Response Surface Method (RSM) dengan desain mixture D-Optimal. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan mengukur kadar antioksidan dari formula optimal yang didapatkan dengan menggunakan metode DPPH. Formulasi menggunakan tiga variabel bebas dan lima variabel tetap, variabel bebas berupa jumlah ekstrak wortel (10-30%, bb), jumlah ekstrak nanas (15-35%, bb), dan jumlah gula (5-10%, bb). Variabel tetap berupa jumlah air mineral (50%, bb), jumlah CMC (500 mg/L), jumlah Na-Alginat (500 mg/L), jumlah asam sitrat (200 mg/L), dan jumlah asam askorbat (200 mg/L). Menggunakan piranti lunak Design Expert 13.0® dengan parameter desain model special cubic, algoritma pencarian both exchanges, dan jenis keoptimalan D-Optimality didapatkan 17 formulasi yang diukur respon fisik (Total Padatan Terlarut (TPT) dan Warna (L*, a*, b*, C*, h)), respon kimia (pH), dan respon sensori (warna, aroma, rasa, keseluruhan) untuk optimasi. Dari optimasi menggunakan respon 17 formulasi tersebut didapatkan formula optimal dengan komposisi 5% (bb) gula, 10% (bb) ekstrak wortel, 35% (bb) esktrak nanas, 50% (bb) air, 500 mg/L CMC, 500 mg/L Na-Alginat, 200 mg/L asam askorbat, dan 200 mg/L asam sitrat yang memiliki desirability 0,93. Pengukuran kapasitas antioksidan formula optimal menunjukkan bahwa formula optimal memiliki kapasitas antioksidan ekuivalen dengan 93,05 mg/L asam askorbat., The Indonesian soft drink market is currently saturated with the same kinds of drinks like RTD tea, soda, et cetera. Rarely do we find soft drinks based on fruit, and even rarer based on pineapple. This research is aimed to find an optimal formula for a soft drink based on pineapple-carrot juice using the Response Surface Method (RSM) using a D-Optimal mixture design. This research also aims to measure the antioxidant activity of the obtained optimal formula using the DPPH method. The formulation of the drink consists of three independent variable and five control variables, which are amount of carrot extract (10-30%, wb), amount of pineapple extract (15-35%, wb), and amount of sugar (5-10%, wb). The control variables are water (50%, wb), CMC (500 mg/L), Na-Alginate (500 mg/L), ascorbic acid (200 mg/L), and citric acid (200 mg/L). Formulation using Design Expert 13.0® with a special cubic model, both exchanges search algorithm using D-Optimality, we get a total of 17 formulas. These 17 formulas are then measured for physical response (Total soluble solids (TSS) and Color (L*, a*, b*, C*, h)), chemical response (pH), and sensory response (color, aroma, taste, overall). Using the responses from those 17 formulas, optimation was done to receive an optimal formula consisting of 5% (wb) sugar, 10% (wb) carrot extract, 35% (wb) pineapple extract, 50% (wb) water, 500 mg/L CMC, 500 mg/L Na-Alginate, 200 mg/L citric acid, and 200 mg/L ascorbic acid, which has a desirability of 0,93. Measuring the capacity of the optimal formula, it is found to be equivalent to 93.05 mg/L of ascorbic acid.
Keyword: Antioksidan, Optimasi Formula, Respon Sensori, Sari Buah

Judul: Distribution and Diversity of Ectoparasite Mites on Geckos in Indonesia
Abstrak: Data on the diversity and dispersal of parasitic mites on house geckos in Indonesia are very scarce. In this work, the distribution and diversity of mites living on three species of house geckos, namely Cosymbotus platyurus, Hemidactylus frenatus, and H. garnotii collected throughout Indonesia, has been elaborated. Geckos and mites were captured and immediately preserved in 70% ethanol. Whole mount of the mites was prepared by clearing in lactophenol followed by mounting on polyvinyl lactophenol solutions. The SEM preparation was conducted to examine the detail morphological characters of the mites. The results showed that among 448 individuals of geckos, 221 geckos were infected by Geckobia mites. Prevalences of C. platyurus, H. frenatus, and H. garnotii infested by mites were 14.8%, 50.69%, and 79.6%, respectively. Three different spesies of Geckobia (G1, G2, and G3) could be differentiated; and based on similarities of their morphological characters to ones described in published literatures, Geckobia G2 is Geckobia glebosum and Geckobia G3 is Geckobia bataviensis while G1 could not be identified to the species level. The highest mean intensity of Geckobia G1 infestation was found on H. garnotii (I=7.0), G. glebosum infestation on H. frenatus (I=3.5), and G. bataviensis infestation on H. garnotii (I=11.8). In general, C. platyurus was infested by the least number of mites. Geckobia G1 were found living on the skin folds on the claws, G. glebosum were found mainly on the body and thigh, and G. bataviensis were found on almost all parts of the host’s body. Geckobia mites are distributed randomly throughout Indonesian Archipelago, following the pattern of distribution of their hosts. So it is concluded that Geckobia G1, G. glebosum, and G. bataviensis are sympatric.
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