Judul: Stephanofilariasis pada Sapi di Kecamatan Bungus Teluk Kabung Sumatra Barat
Abstrak: Prevalensi dari infestasi Stephanofilaria sp pada sapi sangat tergantung pada keadaan suatu daerah diantaranya kelembaban, suhu dan sistem pemeliharaan sapinya. Untuk mengetahui seberapa jauh infestasi Stephanofilaria sp serta penyebarannya pada sapi di Kecamatan Bungus Teluk Kabung, Sumatra Barat, telah dilakukan observasi secara klinis dan meneliti faktor lingkungan dan corak pertanian didaerah ici juga observasi terhadap infestasi lalat pada luka-luka serta pengobatannya.
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Judul: Suatu Tinjauan Stephanofilariasis (Kaskado) Pada Hewan Ternak
Abstrak: Penyakit parasiter jarang menimbulkan kematian. Kerugiannya berupa hambatan pertumbuhan ternak muda, penuruman berat badam, kerusakan organ-organ tertentu dan penurunan potensi kerja akibat penurunan kondisi badan. Salah satu penyakit parasiter yang sangat mengganggu ternak adalah Stephanofilariasis, yaitu suatu bentuk der- matitis yang disebabkan oleh adanya infestasi cacing fila- ria dari genus Stephanofilaria . Di dunia telah telah diidentifikasi sepuluh species yaitu Stephanofilaria dedoesi, S. kaeli, S. stilesi, 5. assamensis, S. zaheeri, S. dimniki, S. andamani, S. srivastavi, S. okinawaensis dan S. roni. Di Indonesia baru diketahui dua species yang sering menyerang ternak sa- pi yaitu S. dedoesi dan S. kaeli. Beberapa lalat seperti Musca conducens, M. planiceps, M. autumnalis, M. crassirostris, Haematobia irritans, H. exigua, Lyprosia titilans dan Sarcophaga sp, dianggap sebagai vektor dari penyakit ini. Dari sepuluh species Stephanofilaria, baru tiga species yang dapat diungkapkan perkembangannya pada lalat vektor. Stephanofilariasis oleh S. dedoesi di Sulawesi Utara mempunyai lesio pada leher, pundak, gelambir, sekitar mata, perut, bahu, punggung, dada, pangkal tanduk, preputium dan telinga sapi. Stephanofilariasis oleh S. kaeli di Sumatera Barat membuat lesio yang sering berkerak dan sering terda- pat pada kaki bagian bawah. Stephanofilaria zaheeri sering menyerang telinga kerbau, S. assamensis sering menye rang leher, pumuk dan dada. Sedangkan S. stilesi sering menyerang bagian ventral badan; diantara dada dan pusar, juga di daerah canthus medialis dan kepala. Selain lesio dermatitis, tidak jarang terdapat infeksi sekunder oleh Mylasis. Gambaran mikroskop pada Stephanofilariasis terlihat stratum corneum meruntuh, pembentukan kerak dan infiltrasi sel radang terutama pada stratum Malphigi. Folikel rambut, kelenjar sebacea dan kelenjar sudorifera mengalami degenerasi. Sel radang kecil kelihatan mengumpul dekat cacing. Prevalensi Stephanofilariasis di Indonesia sangat tinggi di beberapa daerah. Tingkat prevalensi di Sulawesi Utara, Sulawesi Tengah, Kalimantan Barat dan Sumatera Barat diatas 70 %...dst
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Judul: Resonance technique HHO generator for internal combustion engine
Abstrak: Application of HHO gas as fuel had been generaly used. Though there was still controversy regarding its efficiency and efectiveness . In this research, hydrogen that hopefully could become an alternative renewable energy was produced by the electrolysis process. HHO was the mixture of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas that was formed in HHO dry generator. In HHO cell (dry) generator contained 10 cells, and each cell required 2.4 voltage. Furthermore, resonance DC application was evaluated to gain the better electrolysis efficiency. The test was held by using 2 level of electrolyte consentration, 0.178 M KOH and 0.446 M KOH. Each concentration was tested by 3 size of inductors, 8uH, 40uH, and 100uH. Not only single frequency was used, but modulatedfrequency was used also as well. In order to measure the improvement of resonance techinique application, specific energy was compared between using resonance technique and conventionaltechnique.Specific energy was calculated between output (mass of hydrogen) and input energy (watt hour). In this test,input of specific energy was measured in two condition:energy from the source (total) and energy in HHO generator only. From the test, it could be concluded that modulated frequency, by using40 Hz and 2405 Hz frequency, 100uH inductor, and 0.446 M OH, only 61% of total specific energy that was used in HHO generator. It needed23.91 watt hour energy (total) to produce 1 gram of hydrogen gas.On the other hand, the worst performance was happened in single frequency, 11270Hz, 8uH of inductor, and 0.178 KOH, where the loss of specific energy was 82%. The conventional technique only loosed about 0.5% of specific energy in 0.178 KOH needed 51.37watt hour to provide one gram of hydrogen. The loss was happened due to the excess of current that was converted into head in MOSFET. Hopefully the further research will be held again by using wet type of HHO generator because dry generator did not have fixed capacity value and it maked difficulty for calculating the perfect resonance condition.
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