Judul: Sintesis Minyak Beriodium Kaya Beta Karoten Dari Minyak Sawit Merah dan Efikasinya Terhadap Pencegahan Defisiensi Iodium
Abstrak: Gangguan Akibat Kekurangan Iodium (GAKI) masih merupakan salah satu masaiah gizi utama di Indonesia. Hasil survei pemetaan GAKI (Depkes, 19981, menunjukkan bahwa 53,8 juta (27,5 %) anak sekofah dasar di Indonesia yang tinggal di daerah endemik GAKI d e n p nilai Total Goitre Rate (TGR) adalah 5 - 2 30 %. Untuk tujuan pencegahan dan pengobatan, selama ini di daerah endemik GAKI digunakan minyak beriodium dengan bahan dasar minyak kacang tanah (Yodiol).
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Judul: Efikasi Minyak Beriodium Dosis Rendah Ditambah Beta Karoten Untuk Menanggulangi Gaki Pada Ibu Hamil Di Daerah Endemik
Abstrak: Latarbelakang. Ibu hamil yang menderita Gangguan Akibat kekurangan Iodium (GAKI) menyebabkan transfer iodium pada janin rendah sehingga janin akan mengalami kekurangan hormon tiroid. Kondisi seperti ini akan meningkatkan risiko bayi lahir dengan hipotiroid kongenital yang selanjutnya akan menyebabkan defisit Intelligent Quotient (IQ) sebesar 13,5 poin. Dampak jangka panjangnya akan menghasilkan sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas rendah. Program Pemerintah untuk menanggulangi hal ini salah satunya adalah dengan distribusi kapsul minyak beriodium yang berdosis 200 mg dan diberikan 1 kali selama hamil. Intervensi dilakukan sejak dini yaitu mulai janin masih dalam kandungan. Diduga dosis iodium sebesar 200 mg belum efektif dalam menurunkan prevalensi GAKI pada ibu hamil. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan pertama, mempelajari pengaruh pemberian suplemen minyak iodium dosis rendah dan minyak iodium dosis rendah+ beta karoten pada ibu hamil terhadap perubahan serum TSH, Free T4, vitamin A, ekskresi iodium urin (EIU) pada masa nifas. Kedua, mempelajari pengaruh pemberian suplemen minyak iodium dosis rendah dan minyak iodium dosis rendah+ beta karoten pada ibu hamil di daerah GAKI terhadap tumbuh kembang bayi dan kadar TSH bayi neonatal.
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Judul: Categorization in Macaca fascicularis.
Abstrak: Categorization is an ability to group individuals or events into different classes mediated by conceptualized mental images. There are several levels of categorization and within a taxonomy the levels are nested. At the most concrete level of categorization, all or most members of the category shared common physical attributes that differ from other categories. The higher the level of category, the fewer common attributes between members of the group. In addition to humans, the ability to categorize has also been proposed in animals. One example of categorization in animal is species discrimination. Using matching-tosample task, present experiment tested ability of the long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) in discriminating dichotomous-stimuli of different animals. The species has been shown to be able to see photos as representations of real object so I used facial photos of humans and animals for the stimuli. First, I tested their ability to classify humans and macaques into separate group. Second, I tested their ability to discriminate their conspecific from other macaques. And the last, I tested whether the subjects were able to discriminate non-human animals from humans. In all of these experiments I found that the subjects showed high performance in categorizing objects, even when I discarded details of visual informations, such as color and local shapes. The ability to identify objects with reduced representation of physical properties means the subjects were able to generalize attributes of members of the group. This would indicate that the subjects created a higher level abstraction. On the other hand, in discriminating intrageneric macaque species I found that they were able to extract uniqueness of each species. More over, I also found that the subjects were able to put photos of non-human animals that shared very few similarities in physical percepts into one group. I suggested that the subjects could create a more abstract concept based on non-percepts relations as a basis to put the objects into one category. Thus, I concluded that M. fascicularis were able to perform multiple levels of categorizations.
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