Judul: Karakteristik Wilayah Jelajah Monyet Ekor Panjang (Macaca fascicularis Raffles 1821) di Pulau Tinjil, Pandeglang, Banten
Abstrak: Long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis Raffles 1821) is one of primate species found in Indonesia. The species is frequently used as pets and laboratory animal for biomedical purposes. However, the need of this long-tailed macaque is generally fulfilled with direct capture from the wild (Supriatna & Wahyono 2000). This wild capture is one of the threat for the population of the species. Therefore, it needs an conservation effort to overcome this threat, such as establishing a captive breeding. One of the captive breeding that has been established to preserve the sustainability of long-tailed macaque is a semi natural captive breeding on Tinjil Island. In semi natural captive breeding, habitat management is one of the most important activities to ensure the success of captive breeding. One of the most important information in habitat management of long-tailed macaque on Tinjil Island is its home range. By knowing this information, it can be determined the appropriate habitat management. The purpose of this study was to determine home range characteristics of long-tailed macaques on Tinjil Island. The research was conducted in Semi Natural Captive Breeding of Tinjil Island, Pandeglang, Banten from June to August 2009. Home range data was formulated based on daily range of long-tailed macaque, obtained by the group follows method at its active time. The result showed that the home range of long-tailed macaques on Tinjil Island occupied coastal forest ecosystem type and lowland rainforest. The crown stratification was dominated by strata C. The long-tailed macaques used different conditions of crown closures (dense and less dense crown closures) for their daily activities. The species of plants that has been used as food sources consist of 25 species. The high preferences of food consist of Baringtonia asiatica, Antidesma bunius, Ficus variegata, Ardisia humilis, Ficus sp., Manilkara kauki, and Hibiscus tiliaceus. The water that is used by long-tailed macaques comes from various sources (rain-water in the slot of trees, water from containers placed by field staff, water from the tap around the Basecamp and from the fruits and leaves). The average estimation home range for long-tailed macaque is 6.9 ha.
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Judul: Perilaku Seksual Monyet Ekor Panjang (Macaca fascicularis Raffles 1821) di Penangkaran Semi Alami Pulau Tinjil, Kabupaten Pandeglang, Provinsi Banten
Abstrak: Long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis Raffles 1821) is one of primate species that has not been protected in Indonesia. The wild caught tended to exceed the wild capture quotas that have been set by the government (Rameiyanti & Purnama 2008). This wild capture can reduce the sustainability of this species, so it should be an effort to prevent extinction by conservation effort such as establishing a captive breeding. One of the most important aspect to the succees of captive breeding is animal reproduction, especially sexual behavior. By knowing the sexual behavior of the macaque, it can be known about the appropriate form of management in order to produce a suitable animal production. The objectives of this study were to determine sexual behavior of the long-tailed macaque in Semi Natural Habitat Breeding of Tinjil Island (SNHBTI) and the influences of sexual behavior to daily behavior of long-tailed macaque. This research was conducted in SNHPTI, Pandeglang, Banten from June to August 2009. The study started on 5 to 10 May 2009 to determine location during preliminary observations by establishing the line transect method. Behavioral data was recorded using behavior sampling method during their active time at 06.00-10.00 WIB and 14.00-18.00 WIB. There was 29 group of the macaques in SNHBTI but only group 3 was observe for this study. The sample unit consist of 5 males and 4 females. The result shows that long-tailed macaques in group 3 spent 20% of their active time to eat, 3,9% drinking, 39,6% moving, 21,4% resting, 3,7% grooming, 4,6% agonistic and 6,8% for sexual activity. Sexual activity is frequently done in the morning. This activity also frequently taken place on the trees. The position of the monkey in the social hierarchy positively correlated with the frequency of male sexual behavior and negatively correlated with the frequency of female sexual behavior. There are types of sexual behavior in long-tailed macaque. The highest frequency was approach-genital inspection. Sexual behavior in males have positively correlated with eating, moving, and resting behavior, and also have a significant influence on eating and moving behavior. Sexual behavior at non-pregnant females have negatively correlated and give significant influences to eating behavior. Sexual behavior at pregnant female has negatively correlated with eating behavior, positively correlated and give significant influences to resting behavior.
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Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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