Judul: Keragaman Gen Branched Chain Ketoacid Dehydrogenase E1-α Polypeptide (BCKDHA) Ekson 2 dan 3 pada Sapi Madura
Abstrak: Branched Chain α-Ketoacid Dehydrogenase (BCKD) enzyme complex have a role in metabolism of Branched Chain Amino Acid (BCAA). BCKDHA gene encoding the first subunit of these enzyme complex within mithochondrion. Mutation in BCKDHA gene caused deficiency of BCKD complex that caused Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD). The aim of this research is to detect variability of BCKDHA gene in madura cattle using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) method. According to migration pattern of single strand in PAGE 9%, there was four types found in exon 2 and 3 BCKDHA gene in madura cattle, that is A, B, C and D. There was two types of gene found in cattle that its origin from Bangkalan, which is A and C, whereas type that found in Sampang was four, which is A, B, C and D. The highest frequency in two locations is type A, in Bangkalan (83%) and in Sampang (50%).
Keyword: BCKDHA, exon 2, exon 3, gene, madura cattle, SSCP, gene type.

Judul: Keragaman Ruas Ekson 2 dan 3 Gen Penyandi Enzim α-Keto Dehidrogenase E1-α Rantai Asam Amino Bercabang (bckdha) pada sapi madura
Abstrak: Madura cattle is a cattle from the local Indonesian cattle crossbreeding India (Bos indicus) and banteng (Bos javanicus). Enzyme complex branched chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKDH) located in the inner mitochondrial membrane of eukaryotic cells. BCKDH has a role in changing branched chain amino acids (BCAAs), which is isoleucine, leucine and valine to α-keto form. This enzyme complex consists of three enzyme subunits, one which is E1- α subunit called branched chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase E- α (BCKDHA). Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a genetic disorder caused by one occurrence of mutation in the E1- α subunit. This study aimed to determine the diversity of segment 2 – 3 exon encoding BCKDHA gene in madura cattle. The result revealed that segment of exon 2 – 3 BCKDHA gene in madura cattle J population were found to be identical among them. Furthermore the segment of exon 2 – 3 BCKDHA gene madura cattle J was identical with taurine cattle (Bos taurus).
Keyword: madura cattle., ruminants, 2 – 3 exon, BCKDHA

Judul: Pemanasan Sekunder Reaksi Fusi Plasma dengan Menggunakan Radio Frequency
Abstrak: Plasma merupakan bentuk ke-empat dari materi setelah padat, cair dan gas yang terbentuk dari proses ionisasi gas. Plasma dapat digunakan dalam reaksi fusi, yaitu reaksi penggabungan dua inti atom ringan menjadi inti atom yang lebih berat sambil melepaskan energi. Untuk mendapatkan energi dari reaksi fusi, inti yang akan direaksikan harus dipanaskan pada temperatur yang sangat ekstrem tingginya. Salah satu cara agar dapat mencapai kondisi ini adalah memberikan pemanasan tambahan atau pemanasan sekunder kepada plasma dalam reaksi fusi tersebut. Nilai daya serap rata-rata ion Deuterium yang sesuai dengan selang nilai daya dari data ITER adalah daya yang menggunakan frekuensi 50 MHz sampai dengan 60 MHz. Dengan menggunakan frekuensi 60 Hz diperoleh nilai daya rata-rata yang diserap sebesar 1,235.10-12 W.
Keyword: gelombang radio, pemanasan sekunder, plasma, reaksi fusi