Judul: Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum dan Toksisitas Senyawa Hasil Biotransformasi Kurkumin oleh Mikrob Endofit Asal Kunyit
Abstrak: Curcumin can be transformed into its derivative compound with the help of endophytic microbes. The biotransformed compound has been known to possess antibacterial activity toward Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus. This research was conducted to determine the Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of the biotransformed compound using agar diffusion method to find out Salmonella typhi's and Staphylococcus aureus's sensitivity against the biotransformed compound. In addition, the toxicity test based on lethal concentration 50 (LC50) with the Brine shrimp lethal test (BSLT) method against Artemia salina was performed as preliminary test in determining the biotransformed compound’s potency in the development of medicines. The MIC value of this compound against Salmonella typhi was 6.25 mg/mL with the clear zone diameter of 2.5 mm and 25 mg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus with the clear zone diameter of 2.5 mm. The LC50 value of the biotransformed compound was 131.272 ppm, higher than curcumin’s LC50, which is 82.153 ppm. This value was obtained by probit analysis using SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solutions) program.
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Judul: Antibacterial Activity of Curcumin Biotransformed Compound by Endophyitic Microbe from Turmeric.
Abstrak: Turmeric is contains curcumin that known has antibacterial activity. On the other hand turmeric has endophytic microbe that live in their tissues. Endophytic microbe potentially as biotransformation agent of active compound of their hosts. The aim of this research was to obtain pure extract of curcumin biotransformed compound by endophytic microbe from turmeric and to know antibacterial activity of that compound. Curcumin biotransformed compound was extracted from endophytic microbe culture with technical ethyl acetate. That extract then separated using column chromatography with solvents n-hexane, nhexane- ethyl acetate (20:1), n-hexane-ethyl acetate (5:1), n-hexane-ethyl acetate (2:1), chloroform-methanol(10:1), and chloroform-methanol (5:1). And then purified using preparative layer chromatography with eluent chloroform-methanol (10:1). All of extracts were tested their antibacterial activity with diffusion method against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella typhi, and Ralstonia solanacearum with 50 mg/mL concentration. Pure extract rendemen was 2.66% with Rf 0.701. Pure curcumin biotransformed compound extract had higher antibacterial activity than crude extract and semipure extract and had doubled antibacterial activity than curcumin. Curcumin biotransformed compound inhibited all of test bacterias and the most sensitive bacteria was Salmonella typhi with 9.0 mm inhibitory zone diameter.
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Judul: Perbandingan Answer Set Programming dan Iterative Deepening Search dalam Menyelesaikan Game N-puzzle
Abstrak: N-puzzle is one of the known NP-complete problems in the field of puzzles and games. The purpose of N-puzzle is to arrange numbers from 1 to (n2-1) in an n x n grid, with one grid contains a blank square. The research aims to compare the use of Answer Set Programming (ASP), as one of the currently used formalism to express and solve hard computational problems, with the traditional Iterative Deepening Search (IDS) in solving the N-puzzle. An encoding of N-puzzle problem and solver was devised and executed using the DLV system, while IDS is implemented as an ad-hoc program solving the N-puzzle problem. The result of experiment shows that the ASP using DLV is more effective in finding solutions, because it requires no depth parameters to find solutions, while IDS does. On the other hand, the IDS implementation was more efficient in terms of execution time.
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