Judul: Kajian populasi dan habitat Rafflesia patma Blume di cagar alam Pananjung Pangandaran Jawa Barat
Abstrak: RafJlesia patma Blume is placed as one of the CRB2c endagered status. it refers to the taxon who face the highest extinction in the short period of time. The flower scarce is caused by a live factor of R. patma that need specific habitants such as physical and biotic factors. The habitats and population of R. patma will be change on fluctuation due to the higher men activities and nature's changes. On the other hand, as an endagered species, we need to focus on population watching and do the research in CA Pananjung Pangandaran (CAPP) in order to avoid from the extinction. The research was held in CAPP on July - September 2008. Using purposive sampling method to get the data with a round plotting. Inside the plot was held a population measurement of R. patma and also valuing the physical and biotical components with quantitive descriptive and also qualitative descriptive. Lastly, valuing INP (the important of value index) and diversity for the vegetation level. From the assesment research founded the anlount of individual population is 3 12 spreading in 6 locations. The vegetation in R. patma habitants is classified into the lowlm~d rain forest vegetation with the normal standing structure. The composition of vegetation level for the trees is 47 species the the highest INP came from Vitexpubescens Vahl(26.24%), 35 species on the stake level with INP (22.67%) from Euphorbia chasembila species and on seedling level is 32 species with the highest WP from Pterospermum javanicum (82.51%) species. There are 2 species of host of R.patma, Kibalera (Tetrastigma leucostaphylum) and Tali koja (Tetrastigma sp.). There are 2 flies species that help for Lucilia sp dan Sarcophaga sp. Porcupine, chipmunk, black ant, deer, and squirrel are predicted as a component for spreading seed of R. patma. the physical condition have a topography between 0-100 mdpl and flat slope, slope slightly until a little steep (4-35%). Soil condition is loam texture, the acidity level is quite acid until acid and the primary element have medium concentration until low concentration, on the other hand for the secondarv structure have low until high co~lcentrations. Including climate b type with avkrage temperature between 23;7 OC - 25 OC, and humidity between 8 1,7%-90%. The management activities for R. patnza are focus on security advance and protecting flowerkith its population and the habitants. From the result describes in 2008, the increasing of individual population in CAPP is happen. Located ill the type of lowland vegetation forest in 0-100 mdpl which have B-climate type, medium temperature, high humidity and also can grow on the flat until quite steep slope. There are 2 plants species host of R. patnza and animal species for spreading, net decomposition of R. patma. Beside management level, manager is more focus on land security and R. patma itself.
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Judul: Population and Habitat Conditions of Rafflesia patma Blume in the Pangandaran Nature Reserve, West Java
Abstrak: Rafflesia patma Blume merupakan tumbuhan langka dan dilindungi yang tersebar di pulau Jawa, salah satunya di Cagar Alam Pangandaran. R. patma memiliki ciri biologis yang berbeda dengan tumbuhan lain yaitu memerlukan kondisi lingkungan tertentu untuk mendukung perkembangbiakan dan pertumbuhannya. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan kondisi dan menganalisis faktor biotik juga abiotik pada habitat R. patma di Cagar Alam Pangandaran. Metode yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan plot lingkaran berukuran jari-jari 17,8 m. Hasil identifikasi ditemukan 202 individu pada 15 plot penelitian yang terdiri dari kuncup mati, kuncup hidup dan mekar mati. Tumbuhan inang yang ditemukan merupakan spesies Tetrastigma leucostaphylum. Kondisi vegetasi yang mendominasi pada tingkatan pohon, pancang dan semai yaitu Vitex pubescens, Dyospyros oblonga dan Flacourtia rukam. Satwa yang ditemukan pada habitat R. patma sebanyak 8 spesies. Habitat R. patma ditemukan pada ketinggian 40 – 120 mdpl, kemiringan 4 – 35 %, jenis tanah lempung berwarna coklat kemerahan sampai abu-abu kehitaman, suhu rata-rata 27,4ºC, kelembapan 60-94% dan nilai indeks luas daun berkisar 1,82 – 2,15., Rafflesia patma Blume is a rare and protected plant that is spread across the island of Java, one of which is the Pangandaran Nature Reserve. R. patma has different biological characteristics from other plants, namely that it requires certain environmental conditions to support its reproduction and growth. The aim of this research is to describe the conditions and analyze biotic and abiotic factors in the R. patma habitat in the Pangandaran Nature Reserve. The method used was purposive sampling with a circle plot measuring 17.8 m radius. The identification results found 202 individuals in 15 research plots consisting of dead buds, live buds and dead blooms. The host plant found was the Tetrastigma leucostaphylum species. The vegetation conditions that dominate at the tree, sapling and seedling levels are Vitex pubescens, Dyospyros oblonga and Flacourtia rukam. Eight types of animals were found in the R. patma habitat. The habitat of R. patma is found at an altitude of 40 – 120 meters above sea level, slope 4 – 35%, clay soil type reddish brown to blackish gray, average temperature 27.4ºC, humidity 60-94% and leaf area indeks value around 1, 82 – 2.15.
Keyword: abiotik, biotik, habitat, populasi, Rafflesia patma Blume

Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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