Judul: Overview of Potential Amyloidopathy in Renal Mice (Mus musculus) After Injected by Amyloid Beta 40 and 42
Abstrak: Penyakit alzheimer merupakan gangguan neurodegeneratif yang ditandai dengan penurunan fungsi serta kerusakan pada jaringan otak secara permanen. Penyakit alzheimer akan bertambah kronis seiring berjalannya waktu dan hingga saat ini belum ditemukan obat yang dapat menyembuhkan penyakit ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perubahan yang terjadi pada organ ginjal mencit secara histopatologi setelah disuntikan dengan antigen Aβ 40 dan Aβ 42 sebagai marka dari penyakit neurogeneratif tipe Alzheimer. Sepuluh ekor mencit Balb/c (kontrol n=2, Aβ40 n=4, Aβ42 n=4) berumur 6 minggu digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Mencit dinekropsi kemudian diambil organ ginjalnya untuk dijadikan preparat histopatologi dengan pewarnaan Hematoksilin Eosin. Variabel yang diamati berupa adanya perubahan pada sel-sel ginjal dan data dianalisa secara deskriptif. Hasil pengamatan terhadap perubahan patologi terhadap sel-sel organ ginjal mencit memperlihatkan adanya lesi berupa pelebaran ruang bowman dan degenerasi hidropis pada tubulusnya. Penyuntikkan protein Aβ 40 dan 42 menyebabkan kerusakan pada sel-sel tubulus ginjal mencit.
Keyword: Alzheimer’s disease, Amyloid-Beta 40, Amyloid Beta 42, Renal Histopathology

Judul: Imaging of Amyloidopathy on Mice Liver After Immumnization of Amiloid Beta 40 and 42
Abstrak: Penyakit Alzheimer merupakan penyakit neurodegeneratif kronis yang belum ditemukan obatnya, namun diagnosa dini penyakit ini dapat dilakukan menggunakan teknik ELISA dengan mendeteksi keberadaan amiloid sebagai marka dari penyakit Alzheimer. Imunisasi amiloid beta (Aβ) 40 dan 42 akan menginduksi pembentukan anti-amiloid dan kedua bahan tersebut juga akan dimetabolisme di hati sehingga bisa menyebabkan perubahan pada organ hati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari perubahan yang terjadi pada organ hati mencit pasca imunisasi Aβ40 dan Aβ42. Sebanyak 10 ekor mencit digunakan dalam penelitian ini dan dikelompokan dalam 3 kelompok yaitu kontrol (2 ekor), kelompok yang diimunisasi Aβ40 dan Aβ42 (masing-masing 4 ekor). Mencit diimunisasi antigen Aβ40 dan Aβ42 pada hari ke-0, 7, 14, dan 21, pada hari ke-24 mencit dieutanasia dan diambil organ hatinya. Pengamatan dilakukan pada sediaan histologi organ hati dengan pewarnaan Hematoksilin Eosin, kemudian temuan lesio diamati secara semikuantitatif. Perubahan lesio degenerasi sel hepatosit terjadi pada mencit yang diberi amiloid beta 40 maupun 42, namun tidak terdapat perbedaan perubahan lesio sel nekrosis dan infiltrasi sel radang pada jaringan antara mencit yang diimunisasi dengan mencit kontrol., Alzheimer's disease is a chronic neurodegenerative disease for which no cure has been found, but early diagnosis of this disease can be done using the ELISA technique by detecting the presence of amyloid as a sign of Alzheimer's disease. Immunization of amyloid beta(Aβ) 40 and 42 will induce the formation of anti-amyloid and both substances will also be metabolized by the liver so that it can cause changes in the liver. The study aims to find out the description of histopathological changes in the liver of mice after Aβ40 and Aβ42 immunization. Ten mice were divided into three groups i.e control (non- immunized mice), Aβ40 and Aβ42. The immunized groups were injected by amyloid-beta 40 and amyloid beta 42 respectively at day 0, 7, 14 and 21. At day 24 all mice were sacrificed and the liver was collected. The observation was done with Hematoxylin Eosin staining and the lesion was analyzed by semiquantitative methods. The histopathological changes found in the form of hepatocyte cell degeneration in the Aβ40 group were more severe than the Aβ42 and control groups. However, there was no difference in the conditions of necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration in the immunized and control groups. This result indicated that immunization of Aβ40 and Aβ42 did not cause histopathologic changes in the liver.
Keyword: amiloid beta 40 dan 42, hati, imunisasi, mencit, penyakit alzheimer, Alzheimer, amyloid-beta 40 and 42, immunization, mice, liver

Judul: Utilization of terra/MODIS L1B data for analysis of horizontal wind profile in the troposphere
Abstrak: This study was concerned with horizontal wind derived from data collected with the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on board the NASA’s Earth Observation System (EOS)-Terra satellite. The aim of this study is to develop a method for the estimation of horizontal wind movement in the troposphere based on Navier-Stokes equation. The method was applied to a calibrated and geolocated Terra/MODIS L1B 1 km data set. The data inputs to estimate surface temperature are retrieved from TIR (Thermal Infrared) bands 31 (10.780 μm to 11.280 μm) and 32 (11.770 μm to 12.270 μm). The obtained surface temperatures were later used to approximate geopotential height on a constant-pressure surface by using the modified Poisson equation. The main assumptions used are the hydrostatic equilibrium, ideal gas law, constant lapse rate and constant acceleration of gravity. Based on the distribution of geopotential height, the pressure gradient force is measured by the gradient of geopotential on an isobaric coordinate to present the horizontal wind profile. For certain topographic areas especially in the mountain ranges, there was a disadvantage of using pressure as a vertical coordinate which lead to inaccuracy. In spite of that, Terra/MODIS L1B data with 1 km spatial resolution can be used to estimate the horizontal wind movement in the troposphere.
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