Judul: Analysis of Factors Affecting Exports and Development of Indonesian Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Exports to Major Export Destinations
Abstrak: Indonesia merupakan salah satu eksportir lada terbesar, namun dihadapkan tidak stabilnya produksi yang berdampak pada perubahan jumlah maupun nilai ekspor lada Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi volume ekspor lada Indonesia ke negara tujuan, (2) menganalisis perkembangan trend dan proyeksi jumlah volume ekspor lada Indonesia ke negara tujuan periode 2020-2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda untuk mengetahui variabel penduga yang berpengaruh terhadap jumlah ekspor lada Indonesia ke tiga negara tujuan dan trend analysis untuk untuk mengetahui perkembangan trend dan proyeksi jumlah ekspor lada Indonesia periode 2020-2024. Hasil regresi menunjukkan bahwa PDB perkapita negara Vietnam, India, dan Amerika Serikat berpengaruh signifikan terhadap volume ekspor lada Indonesia ke tiga negara tersebut. Kurs riil rupiah terhadap dollar Amerika berpengaruh signifikan terhadap volume ekspor lada Indonesia ke Vietnam dan Amerika Serikat. Trend proyeksi volume ekspor lada Indonesia ke Vietnam tahun 2020-2024 diramalkan akan meningkat, ke India cenderung stabil, dan ke Amerika Serikat akan menurun., Indonesia is one of the largest pepper exporters, but faced with unsteady production which has an impact on changes in the quantity and value of Indonesian pepper exports. This study aims to: (1) analyze the factors that affect the volume of Indonesian pepper exports to destination countries (2) analyze the development trend and projected volume of Indonesian pepper exports to destination countries for the 2020-2024 period. This research uses multiple linear regression analysis to find out the estimating variables that affect the total of Indonesian pepper exports to the three export destination countries and trend analysis to find out the trend development and projected number of Indonesian pepper exports the 2020-2024 period. The regression indicate that the GDP percapita of Vietnam, India, and the United States has a significant effect on the volume of Indonesian pepper exports to these three countries. The real exchange rate of the rupiah against the US dollar has a significant effect on the volume of Indonesian pepper exports to Vietnam and the United States. The projected trend of Indonesian pepper exports to Vietnam will increase, to India tends to be steady, and to the United States it will decrease.
Keyword: Exporters, Export real price, Forecasting, Importers, Multiple linear regression

Judul: Analysis of Competitiveness, Potential,  and Factors Affecting Indonesian Whole Pepper Exports to Main Destination  Countries
Abstrak: Salah satu komoditas unggulan ekspor perkebunan yang menjadi sumber pendapatan negara yang bernilai tinggi adalah lada utuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis daya saing dan pasar potensial untuk ekspor lada utuh yang bisa dikembangkan, serta mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi ekspor komoditas lada utuh. Periode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu 2010-2020 dengan menggunakan metode RCA, EPD, X-Model, dan regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lada utuh memiliki keunggulan komparatif yang kuat di seluruh negara tujuan ekspor yang diteliti, sementara pangsa pasar lada utuh Indonesia sebagian besar menempati posisi falling star dengan pengembangan pasar potensial. Hasil analisis dengan regresi data panel menunjukkan bahwa PDB per kapita negara tujuan, harga ekspor, nilai tukar riil, jarak ekonomi, dummy Covid-19, dan dummy kebijakan TBT berpengaruh signfikan terhadap volume ekspor lada utuh Indonesia sedangkan variabel dummy kebijakan SPS tidak berpengaruh signfikan terhadap ekspor lada utuh Indonesia ke negara tujuan utama., One of the leading export commodities of plantations which is a source of high-value state income is whole pepper. This study aims to analyze the competitiveness and potential market for whole pepper exports that can be developed, as well as to determine the factors that affect the export of whole pepper commodities. The period used in this study is 2010-2020 using the RCA, EPD, X-Model, and panel data regression methods. The results showed that whole pepper has a strong comparative advantage in all export destination countries studied, while the market share of Indonesian whole pepper mostly occupies a falling star position with potential market development. The results of the analysis with panel data regression showed that the GDP per capita of the destination country, export prices, real exchange rates, economic distance, the Covid-19 dummy, and the TBT policy dummy had a significant effect on the volume of Indonesian whole pepper exports, while the SPS policy dummy variable had no significant effect on Indonesian whole pepper exports to main destination countries.
Keyword: panel data, EPD, RCA, whole pepper, X-Model

Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4