Judul: Study of Morphophysiological Response and Oil Palm Production to Root Cutting
Abstrak: Oil palm is an important plantation commodity in Indonesia due to its high economic value. However, increasing oil palm productivity is challenging because of its limited land area, so physiological practices are needed to increase productivity. One of the factors affecting oil palm productivity is interaction between roots and nutrients. Nutrient uptake by oil palms is influenced by the characteristics of the root system, including morphology, growth rate, and chemical reactions with soil and water. Attempts to increase oil palm productivity include root cutting techniques. This technique has been applied in crop cultivation, but its application to oil palm still requires more studies. Besides root cutting, organic matter applications such as litter and oil palm empty fruit bunches (TKKS) can play an important role in improving soil physical conditions. This improvement in soil quality through organic matter can support better root growth, especially in dense soil structures. In addition, plant age also affects its physiological and productivity responses to root cutting and organic matter application. Research consisted of four parts: 1) Assessment of morphophysiological and production responses of oil palm to root cutting; 2) Sentinel-2 based estimation system of nutrient status levels, NDVI values, fertilization recommendations; 3) Effects of root cutting on organic carbon stock availability; and 4) Effect of different types of fertilizers on productivity of oil palm after root cutting. First experiment. Analysis of the results showed that root cutting at a certain depth and intensity had a significant impact on oil palm growth and yield. Root cutting at a depth of 20 cm with 50% intensity had a significant effect on plant height. Yield analysis showed that root cutting at a depth of 10 cm and 20 cm with 50% and 75% intensity had better results in terms of number of bunches, weight, and yield components compared to the control. Overall, the results provide insight that regulating root cutting at the right level and intensity can be an effective strategy to improve oil palm growth and yield. Second experiment. The results of this experiment showed that the differences in N and P concentrations between treatments were not significant, but there were significant variations in K concentrations. Root cutting tended to decrease N and P content, and increase K content to maintain plant turgor pressure. Satellite image analysis showed that root cutting did not significantly change NDVI values, but indicated stable nutrient availability. The correlation between NDVI and nutrient content showed a strong positive relationship, indicating root regeneration after cutting. Third experiment. The results analysis showed significant variation in soil carbon stock content between treatments, ranging from 14.42 to 16.69 tons ha-1 year-1. This highlights the complexity of the interaction between root cutting and soil organic carbon availability, which can affect nutrient cycle and land productivity. Optimal plant growth after root cutting occurred over a 3-month period, with optimal soil carbon content occurring at 20 cm depth and 75% cutting intensity. This indicates that root cutting with certain parameters can have a significant impact on soil fertility and organic carbon availability in a relatively short period of time. Fourth experiment.
Keyword: carbon stocks, CO2 emissions, NDVI, root rejuvenation, satellite imagery, sentinel-2

Judul: The role of organic fertilizer to increase the effectivity of NPK fertilizer for oil palm seedling (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
Abstrak: Oil palm has higher palm oil productivity than the others. So that, the precision plantation technology of oil palm cultivation must be done in order to preserve high productivity of oil palm. A seedling is the first step that affecting for oil palm’s age and productivity. Good growth will produce high quality and production of oil palm. The necessity of oil palm seedlings to intensify areal and replant would grow continuously, so it has needed to obtain precise fertilization. The objectives of this experiment were (1) to obtain the best organic-NPK fertilizer combination in increasing the effectiveness of the use of NPK fertilizer, (2) to study the role of organic fertilizer for the growth of oil palm seedling in main nursery, and (3) to investigate the efficiency of NPK fertilizer for best combination. The experiment was conducted from December 2011 to September 2012 at IPB Teaching Farm Dramaga Bogor. The layout was arranged in a factorial random block design with three replications. The first factor was volume ratio organic fertilizer to top soil i.e 0, 1:6, 2:6, and 3:6. The second was NPK Fertilizer rates i.e 0.0, 127.5, 255.0, and 382.5 g NPK.plant-1. Each of treatments have 5 plants, so that the numbers of sample were 240 plants. The result showed that combination of organic and NPK fertilizer significantly affected to plant height, leaf number, steam diameter, leaf area, and chlorophyll content. The interaction between organic and NPK fertilizer significantly affected to plant height at 8 Months After Transplanting (MAT)), leaf number (5-8 MAT), steam diameter (8 MAT), leaf area (3 MAT) and chlorophyll number (4 MAT). Organic fertilizer had increased the effectiveness of NPK fertilizer for oil palm seedlings, in this research the highest effective value was organic fertilizer 2:6 (organic fertilizer : top soil) and NPK 382.5 g plant-1 with the effective value was 179.38%. The only application of organic fertilizer 3:6 has showed oil palm seedling that no significant with NPK application from 127.5-382.5 g tanaman-1 without organic fertilizer. So that, organic fertilizer 3:6 could be substituted of NPK fertilizer. The best combination treatment was 2:6 and 382.5 NPK g plant-1 with effective value was 158.91%, 209.14% and 170.10% for plant height, leaf number and stem diameter, respectively. Organic fertilizer had increased the efficiency of NPK fertilizer with absorption rates of N, P and K was 56.16%, 11.06% and 29.90%.
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Judul: Trichomonas Gallinae Penyebab Trichomonosis Pada Unggas
Abstrak: Trichomonas gallinae adalah protozoa yang bergerak aktof dengan keempat flagella yang mempunyai layar dan pada salah satu sisinya terdapat membran seperti sirip ikan yang berombak. Spesies dari genus Trichomonas ini mempunyai arti penting pada unggas, karena dapat menyebabkan infeksi pada alat pencernaan bagian atas.
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