Judul: Photothermal Manipulation on Advance of Gonadal Maturation in the Senggaringan (Mystus nigriceps)
Abstrak: Photothermal has been considered one of the most important factors triggering puberty, as well as reproduction, in several fish species, including Senggaringan. Senggaringan is one of the wild fish living in the Klawing river and high economic value and in the future it is expected to become one of aquaculture commodities. As the activity of fishing has done constantly and begun to cause fish habitat damage, the fish has been rare in the market even catches by fishermen tend to decrease. To maintain the existence of this fish, there needs domestication efforts ultimately leading to conservation. This research was laboratory experiment using completely randomized factorial design to apply nine different photothermal treatments, namely: 1) natural temperature and duration of natural lighting (T0L0), 2) natural temperature and duration of lighting 10L:14D (T0L1), 3) natural temperature and duration of lighting 14L:10D (T0L2), 4) temperature of 25oC and duration of natural lighting (T1L0), 5) temperature of 25oC and duration of exposure 10L:14D (T1L1), 6) temperature of 25oC and duration of exposure 14L:10D (T1L2), 7) temperature of 30oC and duration of natural lighting (T2L0), 8) temperature of 30oC and duration of exposure 10L:14D (T2L1) and 9) temperature of 30oC and duration of exposure 14L:10D (T2L2). Results showed among the photothermal treatments tested that there were two treatments supporting the development of the fish ovary. The first, the GSI values in T0L1 treatment continuously increased until the end of the experiment from 5.7% to 15% (highest). However, statistically there was no significantly different among treatments (P>0.05, P=0.077). The results of this research also showed that an increase in GSI value of 15% (T0L1) caused to lower values for HSI 1.3% (P>0.05, P=0.061) and VSI 1.6% (P>0.05, P=0.058). The second, in T1L0 treatment, highest GSI value was achieved in August by 13.3% from 7.1%. There also occurred a decrease in HSI value of 1.2% and value VSI of 2.6%. The value of the GSI before photothermal was 3.7%. This profile showed the negative relationship between the GSI and HSI, and also negative relationship between GSI and VSI with the meaning which the increase in the GSI values declined in values of HSI and VSI. Based on the proportion of oogenesis phase cells showed that late vitellogenesis stage for the highest was achieved about 41.2% in the treatment T1L0. However, based on statistical tests there was no significant difference among the treatments (P>0.05, P=0.2). The value of final vitellogenesis before photothermal was 10.2%. Thus, it can be concluded that the gonadal development of the fish female under the photothermal manipulation has not shown maximum performance. It seems that there is needed to extent exposure of lighting to affect its gametogenesis.
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Judul: Induction of Gonadal Maturation of Eel Anguilla bicolor bicolor with Oodev and Estradiol-17β through Meal
Abstrak: Ikan sidat (Anguilla sp.) betina matang gonad berukuran >500 g memerlukan waktu pemeliharaan yang panjang sehingga diperlukan metode untuk mempercepat pematangan gonad. Salah satu upaya tersebut yaitu melalui manipulasi reproduksi secara hormonal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempercepat pematangan gonad sidat menggunakan hormon Estradiol-17β dan Oodev. Sidat berukuran 250-290 g diinduksi dengan hormon Oodev dan Estradiol-17β metode oral melalui pakan yang disuplementasi dengan tepung kunyit 5 g/kg pakan. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) tiga perlakuan dan satu kontrol. Padat tebar sebanyak 10 ekor/perlakuan. Dosis hormon perlakuan dicampur dalam pakan terdiri dari kontrol (0 mL/kg ikan hormon), hO2 (1 mL/kg ikan Oodev (PMSG + AD), hO1E3 (1 mL/kg ikan (Oodev (PMSG + AD) + 3 mg E2), dan hO1E6 (1 mL/kg ikan (Oodev (PMSG + AD) + 6 mg E2). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan hO1E6 memberikan nilai terbaik untuk LPS (4,004±0,96%/hari), AG (126,456±29,098 cm), IGS (1.30±0,51%), persentasi betina 80%, nilai hematokrit (39,57±3,36%) dan eritrosit ((1,83±0,21)x106 sel/mm3 ) (P<0,05), sedangkan untuk parameter PPM, IHS, diameter mata, faktor kondisi, DTSI tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05). Pemberian kombinasi hormon 1 mL/kg ikan Oodev dan 6 mL/kg ikan Estradiol-17β dapat mempercepat pertumbuhan bobot, pematangan gonad, dan feminisasi sidat. Kombinasi hormon tersebut dapat menjadi alternatif untuk mempercepat pertumbuhan bobot dan pematangan gonad pada kegiatan budidaya pembesaran dan pembenihan sidat., Eel (Anguilla sp.) mature female gonads measuring >500 g require a long maintenance time so a method is needed to accelerate gonadal maturation. One of these efforts is through hormonal manipulation of reproduction. This study aims to accelerate the gonadal maturation of eels using the hormones Estradiol-17β and Oodev. Eels measuring 250-290 g were induced with the hormone Oodev and Estradiol-17β orally through feed supplemented with turmeric flour 5 g/kg feed. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with three treatments and a control with 10 animals/treatment. The dose of treatment hormone mixed in the feed consisted of control (0 mL/kg fish hormone), hO2 (1 mL/kg Oodev fish (PMSG + AD), hO1E3 (1 mL/kg fish (Oodev (PMSG + AD) + 3 mg E2 ), and hO1E6 (1 mL/kg fish (Oodev (PMSG + AD) + 6 mg E2). The results showed that hO1E6 treatment gave the best value for SGR (4.004±0.96%/day), AG (126.456±29.098 cm ), GSI (1.30±0.51%), 80% female percentage, hematocrit value (39.57±3.36%) and erythrocytes ((1.83±0.21)x106 cells/mm3 ) (P<0 0.05), while for parameters Lm, IHS, eye diameter, condition factor, DTSI was not significantly different (P>0.05).The administration of a combination of hormones 1 mL/kg Oodev fish and 6 mL/kg Estradiol-17β fish could accelerate weight growth, gonadal maturation, and eel feminization.The combination of these hormones can be an alternative to accelerate weight growth and gonad maturation in eel rearing and hatchery cultivation activities.
Keyword: Anguilla bicolor, Estradiol-17β, gonadal maturation, growth, Oodev

Judul: Kerusakan bantalan rel kereta api di wilaya inspeksi 2 jalan dan bangunan perusahaan jawatan kereta api (pjka),cirebon
Abstrak: Kereta api merupakan salah satu sarana angkutan yang murah, cepat dan aman serta dapat mengangkut barang dalam jumlah besar. Kelancaran operasi sarana angkutan tersebut banyak ditentukan oleh kondisi jalan rel, termasuk kondisi bantalannya. Dalam hal ini bantalan rel kereta api dapat dibuat dari kayu, logam, atau beton. Namun demikian kayu merupakan bahan yang paling banyak digunakan sebagai pembuat bantalan rel kereta api di berbagai negara. Kenyataan menunjukkan bahwa kayu yang digunakan sebagai bantalan rel kereta api sering mengalami berbagai macam kerusakan yang menyebabkan bantalan tidak berfungsi lagi atau menurun fungsinya. Di Indonesia, informasi mengenai jenis dan tingkat kerusakan bantalan kayu masih sangat kurang, pada- hal informasi tersebut sangat penting sebagai dasar pertimbangan dalam rangka pemeliharaan jalan kereta api, agar umur pakainya (service life) lebih lama.
Keyword: bantalan rel