Judul: Pengembangan model sistem kebijakan dan hukum pemberantasan pembalakan liar atau illegal logging: studi kasus di Provinsi Riau
Abstrak: Maraknya pembalakan liar atau illegal logging terjadi sejak dulu hingga kini, diakibatkan oleh rendahnya rasa kepatuhan terhadap implementasi hukum dari seluruh peraturan perundangundangan yang ada, membangkitkan kesadaran bagi para pemerhati dan penegak hukum Indonesia untuk mencari serta membangun sebuah sistem yang lebih baik. Penelitian dilakukan dari tahun 2005-2007, serta meneruskan penelitian terdahulu secara terus-menerus secara hati-hati hingga tahun 2011, terhadap 23 peraturan perundangundangan mulai dari payung hukum yaitu UUD 45 (Undang Undang Dasar 1945), UU (Undang Undang), Kebijakan, hingga PP (Peraturan Pemerintah), KEPPRES (Keputusan Presiden), dan INPRES (Instruksi Presiden). Analisis Konten yang dilakukan dengan memakai 10 kriteria, yaitu: (1) Hierarki; (2) Sistem Hukum Indonesia; (3) Nomor Peraturan; (4) Pasal; (5) Topik Utama; (6) Indikator; (7) Eksplisit; (8) Implisit; (9) Pemahaman Sama; (10) Multi Tafsir. Dan 4 indikator, yaitu: (1) sustainable development; (2) Pembalakan Liar (Termasuk Pencurian Kayu); (3) Kerusakan Lingkungan; dan (4) Sanksi. Kajian dari seseluruhan 23 peraturan perundangundangan dibagi lagi berdasarkan kelompok substansinya dalam 3 kelompok: (1) Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan Hidup (SDALH), (2) Tata Ruang dan Administrasi (TRA) dan (3) Budaya dan Perilaku (BP). Menghasilkan peraturan perundangundangan yang terkait dengan SDALH adalah sebanyak 14 buah (64%), TRA sebanyak 2 buah (9%) dan BP sebanyak 6 buah (27%). Hasil kajian menyeluruh terhadap Peraturan perundang-undangan yang dikaji maka hasil Analisis Konten untuk semua peraturan perundangundangan yang diteliti menunjukkan bahwa pasca reformasi dan empat kali amandemen UUD 45, terlihat bahwa seluruh peraturan perundangan yang terkait dengan kebijakan yang berpihak kepada pembangunan berkelanjutan atau sustainable development khususnya sustainable forest management hingga tahun 2011 semakin berkurang bahkan nyaris tidak berpihak. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi model sistem pemberantasan pembalakan liar atau illegal logging terhadap percepatannya di tahun 2012 ini untuk seluruh wilayah Indonesia.
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Judul: Kebijakan Pemberantasan Illegal Logging untuk Perlindungan Sumberdaya Hutan di Indonesia
Abstrak: The lost of world’s natural tropical forest is the highest in Indonesia (2,83 million ha per year). Combating illegal logging in Indonesia has become the priority of national program. The purpose of the research is to analyze the policy related to the combating illegal logging in Indonesia, the role of stakeholders and the formula of effective and legal way to to eliminate illegal logging in Indonesia. The research method uses the 4Rs method (Responsibilities, Rights, Revenues, and Relationship) to analyze the role of stakeholder in practicing the policy to eliminate the illegal logging in Indonesia. The analytical approach uses the Analytical Hierarchy Process, AHP, to create decision by using mathematical model. Data analysis in this research uses critical approach. The data compiled in this research are secondary data in the form of laws based on forest management regulation in Indonesia. The research observed illegal logging in Indonesia generally and Jambi specifically. The tendency of illegal logging in the prone forest territory with the potential of standing stocks shows that the illegal logging practice is influenced by the illegal log market. This is supported by the fact that operation to combat massive illegal logging happened in the Riau province, directly bordered to the Jambi province. The finding is the regulation related to illegal logging in Indonesia is appropriate to be used as law outside the forest territory but still related to the derivative act. Even though the law is sufficient, it is not effectively implemented due to the weak law enforcement and weak law compliance. The relation between law enforcer in order to eliminate illegal logging is approximately enough, yet weak between the forest technical and environmental institution with the regional institution. The priority of policy to combat illegal logging in Indonesia based on the data analysis result using AHP approach by showing factor, actor, purpose, and alternative policy which has the highest priority value is the law enforcement factor, government actor, the goal to recover the forest economy, and application of command-andcontrol- natured policy, respectively.
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Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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