Judul: Pengaruh Umpan terhadap Hasil Tangkapan Ikan Bilih (Mystacoleucus padangensis) pada Jaring Insang di Danau Singkarak
Abstrak: Bilih fish (Mystacoleucus padangensis) is one of the endemic fish that resides in the waters of Lake Singkarak. The research on the use of coconut dregs bait is due to the decreasing catch of fishermen when catching Mystacoleucus padangensis so that an experimental fishing method is carried out using gill nets. The bait is used to catch fish so that the fish approach the gill nets, and increase the catch in fishing. The objective of the research is to determine the effect of using coconut dregs bait on gillnet in catching Mystacoleucus padangensis in Singkarak Lakes. Data collection was carried out by a fishing experiment. The data analysis used in this research was descriptive and statistical. The results showed that gillnet was operated during the study was 16 replication all the catch (100%) was Mystacoleucus padangensis with a total weight of 4553 g and 1065 individuals. The use of coconut dregs baits treatment significantly affects the weight and number of Mystacoleucus padangensis. Gillnets with coconut dregs bait caught 2712 g with the number of catches of 625 individuals, while gill nets control without baits caught 1841 g with the number of catches of 440 individuals. Keywords: bait, bilih fish, coconut dregs, gillnet, Lake Singkarak.
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Judul: Kajian Ekologis Habitat dan Sumberdaya Bagi Konservasi Ikan Bilih (Mystacoleucus padangensis) di Danau Singkarak, Sumatera Barat
Abstrak: Ikan bilih (Mystacoleucus padangensis) yang termasuk ke dalam famili Cyprinidae adalah salah satu sumberdaya ikan ekonomis penting yang terdapat di Danau Singkarak, Sumatera Barat dan berstatus endemik. Permintaan yang terus meningkat terhadap sumberdaya ini mengakibatkan penangkapannya tidak lagi memperhatikan kelestarian stok, sehingga dikhawatirkan ikan ini akan mengalami kepunahan karena kemampuan pulih populasi ikan yang menurun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengaji kondisi ekologis habitat ikan bilih (M. padangensis); mengaji suaka perikanan ikan bilih; serta memberikan rekomendasi bagi pengelolaan sumberdaya ikan bilih di Danau Singkarak. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan April hingga Mei 2009 di Danau Singkarak dengan mengambil tiga stasiun sebagai lokasi pengambilan data, yaitu Muaro Pingai, Paninggahan, dan Sumpur. Pengumpulan data primer berupa data panjang dan bobot ikan bilih; beberapa parameter kualitas air; dokumentasi lokasi pengamatan; dan penyebaran kuisioner disertai wawancara. Sedangkan pengumpulan data sekunder dilakukan melalui studi pustaka dari berbagai sumber. Analisis data dilakukan terhadap data panjang dan bobot ikan bilih hasil tangkapan nelayan yang diambil secara acak yang selanjutnya disajikan secara deskriptif serta dapat diketahui tipe pertumbuhannya. Untuk sampel plankton dilakukan pengamatan dan pencacahan dengan menggunakan mikroskop dan buku identifikasi, hal ini perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui ketersediaan makanan bagi ikan bilih sebagai plankton feeder. Kemudian untuk rekomendasi pengelolaan digunakan analisis SWOT.
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Judul: Sintesis Flavonol melalui 2’-Hidroksikalkon
Abstrak: Flavonol is a class of flavonoids commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Flavonol is very useful, especially in food sector and health. In this study, flavonol unsubstituted was successfully synthesized from an intermediate material 2’-hydroxychalcone. The 2’-hydroxychalcone was synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation method between o-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde using 4 different catalysts, namely KOH 60%, solid pellet of KOH-grinding technique, BF3-Et2O, and NaH in DMF. The KOH 60% was the best catalyst, giving the highest yield (57%). Afterward, the flavonol was synthesized in 1-stage oxidation cyclization of o-hydroxyacetophenone using Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction, giving 76%. The flavonol total yield from 2’-hydroxychalcone was 43%. All synthesized products were characterized by their melting points and their spectra. The success of the synthesis flavonol opens the way to synthesis of useful flavonol derivatives such as quercetin and kaempferol.
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