Judul: a Filariasis Control Strategy Based on Entomological Studies and the Role of Health Institutions in Bogor District, West Java Province
Abstrak: Lymphatic filariasis being a global health problem and the second leading cause of disability globally. Indonesia is a country with filariasis endemic status. In 2016, the disease were reported endemic in 29 provinces and 239 districts/cities of Indonesia, with an estimated 102.279.739 people at risk of being infected with filariasis. Bogor Regency was an endemic filariasis area with the discovery of clinical filariasis patients continuing to grow from year to year since 2004 until now. Until the end of 2018, there were 117 people with clinical filariasis in Bogor Regency. The control of filariasis in Bogor Regency has focused on administering drugs to patients and preventing and limiting disability. Attention to mosquitoes as vektors was still minimal, entomological studies based on mosquito bioecology have not been carried out, so that this control effort still leaves problems in the field. In addition, data and information about the factors that influence filariasis are not widely known. In connection with this, to control filariasis, Bogor Regency must pay attention to all aspects that can affect the incidence of filariasis, including vektors, the environment, humans, agents, and the role factors of health institutions. Based on these problems, it is necessary to research filariasis both on an agent, environmental, vektor, human factors, and the role of health institutions as primary data that can be used to develop an integrated filariasis control strategy in Bogor District. The study was carried out for 10 (ten) months, namely June-July 2019, September 2019-February 2020 and August-September 2021. Collection of adult mosquitoes, observation of mosquito larvae habitats and measurements of community behaviour were carried out in two villages, namely Tamansari Village and Cimanggis Village. Epidemiological studies, program evaluations and the role of health institutions were carried out in 46 Puskesmas in Bogor Regency and the Bogor District Health Office. Adult mosquitoes are collected every two weeks for six months using the human landing collection (HLC) and resting collection methods for 12 hours of observation (18.00-06.00). Mosquito larvae were collected in various habitat types every month for six months. Dissection technique and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) carried out the detection of filarial in the mosquito body. They were measuring community behaviour using interview questionnaires with a sample size of 157 respondents in Tamansari Village and 369 in Cimanggis Village. Epidemiological studies and evaluation of the filariasis program were carried out by analyzing secondary data from the Bogor District Health Office. Study of the role of health institutions using a monitoring and evaluation questionnaire at the health centre level and in-depth interviews with key informants at the Bogor District Health Office level. Distribution of filariasis in Bogor District with dominant sufferers in women (59.8%) and productive age (36-45 years). The chi-square test results showed a significant difference between the age groups with the incidence of filariasis from year to year (p<0.05). In contrast, the relationship between gender and theincidence of filariasis from year to year did not show a significant difference (p>0.05). Sub-districts with filariasis sufferers increased from 55% in 2015 to 77,5% in 2018. The implementation of POPM includes treatment achievement rates (>
Keyword: Bogor, entomologik, institusi kesehatan, pengendalian filariasis, strategi, Bogor, entomological, filariasis control, health institutions, strategy

Judul: Reinforcement of Social Capital in Filariasis Eradication. (A Case Study in Kembiri Village, Membalong Sub-district, Belitung Regency, Bangka Belitung Province).
Abstrak: The effectiveness of social capital in organizing livelihood asset is the key to filariasis eradication. However, the trust and cooperative network of stakeholders are the factors that make filariasis eradication hard to succeed. The objective of this study was to analyze social capital of stakeholders, to identify the factors that contributed to the weakness of social capital and program formulation. The study approach used was qualitative through a case study of descriptive application. The data collection techniques used were documentation study, participative observation, in-depth interview and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The study result showed that the causes of filariasis were related to physical environment and socio-cultural environment. The potential of stakeholders' social capital could be developed by building the trust and cooperative network of stakeholders, and the social capital in terms of adat institution and village dukun served to mobilize the community. In the meantime, the private company of PT.A supported the fund through CSR and the government supported human resources and technology. Stakeholders' collaboration could change behaviors and decrease filariasis causes. The program of social capital reinforcement in eradicating filariasis was formulated through FGD, which included: Program I (to build trust and the norms of each stakekholder and to increase cooperative network.); Program II (to change behavior and perception of the community); and Program III (to decrease the risk factors of filariasis causes.) Keywords: social
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Judul: Sintesis dan Pencirian Natrium Titanat (Na2Ti2O4(OH)2) Berbahan Dasar Titanium Dioksida
Abstrak: TiO2 can be utilized as basic material for synthesis of sodium titanate (Na2Ti2O4(OH)2). This research was purposed to synthesize and characterize sodium titanate from TiO2 rutile powder as a basic material. Sodium titanate was synthesized by hydrothermal process at temperature 130 °C by mixing TiO2 rutile powder with 5 M and 10 M NaOH solution, then each was calcinated at temperature 700 °C. The energy dispersive X-ray analysis showed that sodium titanate has been successfully synthesized. This result was also supported by functional group analysis with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrofotometer showing the existence of Ti-O-Na vibration band at 989.42 cm-1. The formation of sodium titanate was depend on the reaction condition such as temperature, reaction time, and NaOH concentration. Scanning electron microscope image indicated that sodium titanate synthesized at 130 °C in 20 hours reaction time with 10 M NaOH had crystal size of 99.37 nm.
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