Judul: Evaluasi Pemanfaalan Onggok fermentasi (Cassabio) pada Domba Masa Pertumbuhan
Abstrak: Cassabio merupakan proouk fermentasi dari limhah , singkong (onggok)- colit-urea-arnonium sulfat oleb Aspergillus niger. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melihat pengaruh taraf penambahan cassabio pada konsumsi pakan. pencernaan pakan, pemanfaatan protein dan energi dan performula domba. Perrcobaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan, domha masa pertumbuhan digunakan sebagai ulangan. Perlakuan diterapkan memiliki tingkat penambahan cassabio menjadi konsentrat adalah 0% (RO), 20% (Rt ), 40% (R2), dan 60% (R3). Variabel yang diukur adalah konsumsi dan koefisien cerna bahan kering bahan organik. protein casar dan energi, nitrogen urea darah. rumen amonia. VFA total dan parsial. penambahan bobot hadan harian dan efisiensi pakan. Data dianalisis dengan analisis varian (ANOY A) dan perbedaan antar perlakuan ditentukan dengan uji duncan . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan cassabio hingga 60% dalam ransum untuk domba nlasa pert umbuban menghasilkan hasil tertinggi pada konsumsi (g h 1) dan bahan kering (6 14.38 g ba bahan organik (568.65 gh-1 protein kasar (86.28 gh-1) dan energi (2 356 kkal kg-1 ). koefis ien cerna bahan kering (71.43%) dan bahan organik (74 .1 3%). Kecernaan energi (1 656 kkal kg -1), nitrogen urea darah (44.99 mg drl). udat (89.07 mM), pertambahan bobot badan harian (96.90 gh-1 ) dan efisiensi pakan (105%). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penggunaan cassabio hingga 60% dalam konsentrat masih aman dan memberikan hasil yang baik pada domba masa pertumbuhan.
Keyword: cassabio, lirnhah singkong, energi, domba masa pertumbuban, elisiensi pakan

Judul: Evaluasi Penambahan Cassabio ke dalam Ransum terhadap Konsumsi dan Kecernaan Zat Makanan pada Anak Domba Lokal.
Abstrak: Problems that are faced in farming development in Indonesia are providing feed raw materials, these are due to its low quantity and quality, as well as expensive in its price. The availability of feed raw material is also limited by its competition with human needs which are in line with the increase in its population, and by its dependent on imported products. Utilisation of agricultural byproduct, and improving its quality with applied technology, can be used as alternatives to overcome the problems. Cassava waste (onggok) is a byproduct of cassava flour industry with an increase in its amount relating to the increase in cassava flour industry. However, its use is limited by its low crude protein content, but its energy content is high, then it can be used as energy source feed. Improving nutritive value of cassava byproduct can be done by solid substrate fermentation with Aspergillus niger which is mixed with urea and ammonium sulphate as inorganic nitrogen sources. The product is known as cassabio, but the optimal use of cassabio in a ration has not yet been determined. Therefore, the experiment is carried out to evaluate cassabio addition into rations of local lamb at growth phase on nutrient digestibility. The experiment was conducted using randomized block design with four treatments and three replications, local lambs were used as replications. The treatments applied were addition levels of cassabio into concentrate at 0% (P0), 20% (P1), 40% (P2), and 60% (P3). Variables measured were digestibilities of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, crude fiber, ether extract, nitrogen free extract, total digestible nutrients (TDN) and digestible energy (DE). Data were analysed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and differences among treatments were determined with Duncan test. The results showed that the use of cassabio up to 60% (P3) in rations for local lamb at growth phase produced the best results on variables measured (digestibility and consumption). The highest nutrient consumption and digestibilities were obtained at 568.65 gram/day and 76.25% for organic matter, 394.45 gram/day and 82.39% for nitrogen free extract, and 86.28 gram/day and 76.25% for crude protein. The conclusion of this research is the use cassabio up to 60% into concentrate given are safe and the best results in local lamb.
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Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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