Judul: The effect of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. rhizome extracts on the newborn rat cerebrum cells in vitro growth.
Abstrak: Penyakit neurodegenerasi menyebabkan disfungsi sistem saraf pada otak. Disfungsi sistem saraf sulit disembuhkan karena sel saraf memiliki keterbatasan kemampuan dalam beregenerasi. Penyakit neurodegenerasi juga disebabkan oleh penurunan neurotransmiter seperti asetilkolin yang berperan dalam proses penyimpanan memori. Temulawak merupakan salah satu tanaman obat yang memiliki banyak khasiat, seperti menurunkan kadar kolesterol, sebagai antiinflamasi, antibakteri, memiliki antioksidan yang tinggi, dan antitumor. Efek ekstrak rimpang temulawak terhadap pertumbuhan sel otak besar belum diketahui sehingga dilakukan penelitian untuk mengevaluasi efek ekstrak rimpang temulawak terhadap pertumbuhan sel-sel otak besar. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara in vitro menggunakan sel-sel otak besar anak tikus (Sprague Dawley) umur tiga hari dalam medium dasar DMEM (Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium) yang mengandung NBCS (Newborn Calf Serum) 10% and gentamisin 50 μg/mL (mDMEM) dengan dan tanpa ekstrak rimpang temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. (CZ)). Terdapat lima kelompok perlakuan yang terdiri dari kontrol positif (mDMEM+asiaticoside (AC) 30 μg/mL), kontrol negatif (mDMEM), CZ 100 ppm (mDMEM+CZ 100 ppm), CZ 200 ppm (mDMEM+CZ 200 ppm), dan CZ 400 ppm (mDMEM+CZ 400 ppm). Kultur dilakukan dalam inkubator CO2 5% dan suhu 37°C selama enam hari. Parameter yang diamati yaitu tingkat proliferasi berdasarkan Population Doubling Time (PDT), komposisi sel saraf dan sel glia, serta pertumbuhan panjang akson dan dendrit masing-masing berdasarkan penghitungan menggunakan hemositometer, pewarnaan HE, dan pengukuran sel saraf menggunakan mikrometer. Data PDT, panjang akson dan dendrit dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik ANOVA dan Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai PDT pada medium yang ditambahkan ekstrak rimpang temulawak CZ 100 ppm, 200 ppm, dan 400 ppm berturut-turut adalah 4,39 ± 0,52 hari, 5,15 ± 0,99 hari, dan 6,62 ± 0,57 hari sedangkan nilai PDT pada kontrol positif dan kontrol negatif adalah 3,27 ± 0,26 hari, dan 3,78 ± 0,51 hari. Pemberian ekstrak rimpang temulawak memiliki nilai PDT yang tinggi dibandingkan kontrol positif dan kontrol negatif. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak rimpang temulawak pada medium kultur sel saraf menghambat proliferasi sel saraf. Medium yang ditambahkan ekstrak rimpang temulawak CZ 400 ppm memiliki akson dan dendrit yang paling panjang yaitu 20,90 ± 0,01 μm, dan 13,81 ± 0,64 μm. Berdasarkan data diatas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak rimpang temulawak dapat menghambat proliferasi sel saraf, namun mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan panjang akson dan dendrit pada CZ 400 ppm.
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Judul: ultur In Vitro Sel-sel Otak Besar (Cerebrum) Anak Tikus
Abstrak: Research has been conducted on in vitro culture of three days old rat cerebrum cells in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) containing 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) and 50 μg/ml gentamycin, and supplemented with and without 5 μg/ml insulin, 10 μg/ml transferin, 5 μg/ml selenium (ITS). Culture was done in 5% CO2 incubator at 37oC for 11 days. Identification was done on types of cell based on morphological observation, growth capacity (cell proliferation, population doubling time/ PDT and length of axon and dendrit) based on calculation of the number of cells using hemocytometer and micrometer, and the protein produced by the cerebrum cells in the culture medium using sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) method. Quantitative data were analyzed using statistical T-test on Minitab program. The results showed that based on the morphological observations, there are two types of cells including nerve cells of bipolar and multipolar neurons and glial cells including the fibrous astrocyte, protoplasmic astrocyte, oligodendrocyte, and microglia. Supplementation of ITS into the culture medium could increase the cells proliferation rate (P<0.05) with lower PDT, axon and dendrit lenght growth and quantitatively the 21.5–36.5 kDa protein production as indicated by the intensity of the protein band.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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