Judul: IPB (Bogor Agricultural University)
Abstrak: The study was done to investigate the chromosomes treats of Hylobates (agile gibbon) and Symphalangus (siamang). Blood samples were collected from Sumatra (agile gibbons and siamangs) and Kalimantan (agile gibbons). The blood samples then were cultured for chromosome staining. The results showed that the chromosomes of agile gibbons were too sensitive for temperature treatment, and intensive attention must be given to this aspect during handling. Using C-band after DAPI (4’-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) staining techniques, it was found that agile gibbons have a specific chromosome banding pattern, with i (interstitial), t (terminalis), and c (pericentromeric) heterochromatic bands in both (short and long) of the chromosome arms. More intense observations using Fluorescence Insitu Hybridization (FISH) technique, it was also discovered that a Whole Arm Translocation between chromosome 8 and 9 (WAT 8/9) phenomenon occurred in Sumatran, but never in Kalimantan agile gibbons, and this proved to be very useful as a tool to differentiate between Sumatran and Kalimantan species and will give a significant contribution to avoid hybridization caused by missed species identification. Above all, the application of genetic aspects in cases such as chromosome identification in the ex-situ breeding colonies and rehabilitation centers is strongly suggested as the last barrier before releasing captive or confiscated animals into the wild. This program will not only avoid physically reducing animal populations in the natural habitat, but more importantly, to guarantee their genetic purity in their own wild habitat.
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Judul: IPB (Bogor Agricultural University)
Abstrak: The javan gibbon (Hylobates moloch) is endemic to Java, and is considered a critically endangered species. The information on the population status of the javan gibbon is limited and varied. The overall aim of this project is to generate closeness relation of food and sleeping trees densities with the density of javan gibbon at Gunung Halimun National Park, West Java; generate estimateion model of population; and to generate the effect of fragmentation to the density, and home range of the javan gibbon. Vegetation sampling was taken along the survey transect at four different locations.
Keyword: Javan gibbon, Food tree, Sleeping tree, Analisis vegetasi

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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