Judul: Analisis Gender dalam Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) (Kasus: Kelurahan Balumbang Jaya, Kecamatan Bogor Barat, Kota Bogor, Provinsi Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: This research essentially to see and understand (1) performing of PKH; (2) relevance among desicion making type for allocation to lent fund program with benefit effectiveness program; (3) whatever factor that regard decision making type for allocation to lent fund program; and (4) relevance among associate role and availibility of health facility and education with benefit effectiveness program. The method of this research is using random sampling to decide the sample and use qualitative approach with in-depth interview and observation. Decision making type for allocation to lent fund program regard benefit effectiveness program. Education and state zoom works to constitute factor that regards decision making type for allocation to lent fund program. Associate role and availibility of health facility and eduacation regard benefit effectiveness program.
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Judul: Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kesejahteraan Keluarga dan Prestasi Belajar Anak pada Keluarga Penerima Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH)
Abstrak: Hopeful Family Programme (PKH) is a government effort to alleviate poverty and enhance the human resources quality of poor families through giving them prerequisite subsidy. This program is a part of young generation development that aims to uplhold the accumulation of human capital as an alternative to abolish the intergeneration poverty cycles. This research aimed to identify the demographic characteristics and social economy condition of PKH recipients, analyze difference of family's revenue, economic pressure, financial management, coping strategy economic function, gender relation, mother stress level, as well as subjective's family well being between pre and during, analyze difference of learning care pattern, children attendance level and academic achievement between pre and during PKH funding; and analyze the factors that influence subjective family well being and child academic achievement on PKH recipients. This study applied cross sectional and retrospective research design. The data were collected from eight villages laocated in Darmaga area, Bogor Regency from March to December 2009. Respondents of this study were mothers as many as 150 samples that determined randomly by using systematic method. Reliability of instruments ranged between 0.665 up to 0.929. Statistical analysis used descriptive method, paired t-test, factor analysis, Spearman/Pearson correlation, and Structural Equation Modelling. Demography and socio economic characteristic of sample that can be concluded from this study were family size was ranged between 5-6 persons, nuclear family and the age of fathers and mothers was ranged between 30 until 49 years. The education level of parents was not graduate elementary school, father's job as labor, while most of the mothers were unemployee.
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Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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