Judul: IPB (Bogor Agricultural University)
Abstrak: Landfill adalah suatu lokasi dimana sampah-sampah dikumpulkan, diangkut, ditempatkan, dihancurkan dan dipadatkan serta ditimbun agar tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap perairan di sekitarnya. Landfill memberiakn pengaruh yang negatif dan positif terhadap lingkungan perairan di sekitarnya. Pengaruh negatif tersebut adalah pencemaran yang ditimbulkannya yang berupa pencemaran kimia (Pb, He, Fe, Mn, HCl), fisik (warna, kekeruhan, penghantar listrik), dan biologi (bakteri E. coli, koliform).
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Judul: IPB (Bogor Agricultural University)
Abstrak: The problem resulting from rain percolating through urban waste is transport of harmful bacteria and hazardous chemicals from dumps into groundwater and nearby lakes or streams. Another issue of the urban waste is exptosion of landfill gas and bum may cause death and property damage. This research is intended to find out: (1) the composition of polutant produced by leachate of urban waste (2) the composition of landfill gas (3) frequency of diseases around the landfill waste and (4) peroeption of the people who lived around landfill waste regarding the effect of the landfill waste. The research was conducted in TPA Bantar Gebang Sub District, Bekasi City. The research of the environmental pollution aspect was done by chembJl anatysis of sample leacheate by gas chromatography for landfill gas from Bantar Gebang landfill. Data was collected since year 1999 to 2002. The aspect of the environmental health was done by (1) survey of three residential locations with 60 respondents and (2) survey of Bantar Gebang Puskesmas. Similarly, the research of the economy aspect was carried out by survey of three residential locations and Samar Gebang site office.
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Judul: Mitochondrial DNA Gene Organization and Phylogenetic Relationship of Naja siamensis
Abstrak: Naja siamensis is one of Asiatic cobra in the Family of Elapidae, known as a cryptic snake. It has many morphological variations that lead to misidentification. Misidentification can cause the wrong concept in developing antivenom types due to high snakebite cases occur in Thailand. Thus, an accurate species identification using a molecular approach is crucially required. Mitochondrial DNA has been used widely in snake molecular studies. These studies were aimed to determine the arrangement of the N. siamensis partial mitochondrial genes using reptile-oriented primers and to reveal the phylogenetic relationship among other species of Asian cobra. DNA extraction was carried out based on the standard DNA salting-out protocol and was conducted by bioinformatics analysis using BLASTn and MEGA 6 software. Gene annotation was performed against N. kaouthia complete genome. A total of 3121 bp of N. siamensis mtDNA genes were sequenced consisting of partial of six regions: 16S rRNA, ND1, tRNA-Ile, CRII region, tRNA-Leu, tRNA-Gln, and COI genes. The mtDNA gene organization of N. siamensis was predicted to has a similar pattern with the common Elapidae mtDNA gene organization. This study showed that there is a monophyletic form in Naja genus and N. kaouthia is the closest species with N. siamensis based on partial 16S rRNA and ND1 gene.
Keyword: 16S rRNA, Elapidae, ND1, phylogenetic relationship