Judul: Kajian Ekologi Ekosistem Mangrove untuk Rehabilitasi di Desa Tiwoho Kecamatan Wori Kabupaten Minahasa Utara Provinsi Sulawesi Utara
Abstrak: Ekosistem mangrove di Desa Tiwoho sebagian telah dikonversi sebagai areal pertambakan (budidaya udang).Sampai saat ini hampir seluruh areal tambak tidak pernah difungsikan sebagaimana telah direncanakan. Hal ini mengakibatkan terjadinya kegagalan proses regenerasi alami vegetasi mangrove.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama 6 bulan yaitu dari bulan Maret sampai bulan Agustus 2007 dan berlokasi di ekosistem mangrove Desa Tiwoho. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kondisi sumberdaya mangrove dan tingkat kerusakan dan pola ruang ekosistem mangrove serta memberikan arahan strategi alternatif pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove melalui kegiatan rehabilitasi. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui observasi langsung kondisi lapangan, penyebaran kuisioner, dan wawancara di lokasi penelitian. Data sekunder dikumpulkan dengan penelusuran berbagai pustaka dan instansi terkait. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Penginderaan Jarak Jauh dengan ER-Mapper 6.4 dan Sistem Informasi Geografi (SIG) dengan Arc View 3.3, Analisis Komponen Utama atau Principal Component Analysis (PCA) dan Analisis SWOT (strenghts, weakness, opportunities, threats). Terdapat 8 jenis mangrove dari 4 kelompok famili dengan jenis mangrove dominan adalah dari kelompok Rhizophora spp. Hasil analisis SIG menunjukkan sebaran kerapatan dan tingkat kerusakan dari tinggi sampai rendah yang menghasilkan tiga pola ruang ekologi untuk rehabilitasi. Pola ruang ekologi untuk rehabilitasi I dan II ditetapkan untuk menjadi kawasan rehabilitasi sedangkan pola ekologi untuk rehabilitasi III lebih diarahkan untuk pengembangan pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove berkelanjutan. Dari hasil analisis SWOT diarahkan 7 (tujuh) strategi rehabilitasi yang dapat dilakukan untuk pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove di Desa Tiwoho.
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Judul: Strategi Pengelolaan Kawasan Mangrove Berbasis Lingkungan Fisik dan Sosial di Desa Muara, Kabupaten Tangerang
Abstrak: Conversion of mangrove area into aquaculture land is one of the biggest causes of degradation of mangrove areas. Conversion of mangrove area and the area of ponds which not used again resulted in increasing numbers of mangrove area were damaged and open. In general, reduction of mangrove forests as a result of land conversion have an impact are quite complex, such: the coastline erosion, high tide, flooding due to rain, declining water quality, and in the end lead to a decrease in overall environmental quality. Therefore, environmental management and conservation of mangrove forest ecosystems it is very necessary to make improvement of environmental quality in mangrove areas. Based on those reasons, this study aims to: 1) identify the vulnerability of degradation of mangrove areas in the Village of Muara, Tangerang; 2) identify environmental factors (supporting and inhibiting) that effect on the rehabilitation of mangrove areas in the Village of Muara and formulate the strategy of rehabilitation. The study was conducted in the village of Muara, subdistrict of Teluknaga, district of Tangerang, Province of Banten. The data used in this study consisted of primary data and secondary data. The primary data obtained through sampling, field surveys and interviews. Secondary data were obtained by collecting data and information required from various related institutions. Analyzer which used in this study consisted of: analysis of vegetation, analysis of the vulnerability of mangrove degradation, descriptive analysis of environmental factors, and A'WOT analysis (combined AHP and SWOT) to formulate rehabilitation strategies of mangrove. The results showed that the mangrove areas Muara experienced a high level of vulnerability of degradation based on mangrove vegetation characteristics. Mangrove vegetation in Muara has a level of low density, levels of low species diversity and levels of high dominance. There are six mangrove species which was found in mangrove areas Muara, that is Avicennia alba, Avicennia officinnalis. Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora stylosa, Rhizophora mucronata, and Nypa fruticans. Mangrove species with the highest INP present in Rhizophora mucronata. Rehabilitation process of mangrove by revegetation methods are needed, wherein, species of mangrove that are used in revegetation process are local species which the seeds can be found in the mangrove areas of Muara. Physical environmental conditions of mangrove areas in Muara are generally still suitable for of mangrove growth. Rural communities in Muara showed a positive perception and attitude towards mangrove rehabilitation activities that conducted in their village. Based on analysis of the relationship between the factors that conducted in the A'WOT analysis, there are three (3) alternative strategies that be a priority to succeed the mangrove rehabilitation program in mangrove areas of Muara, namely: 1) Promoting Muara as one of the educational tourist attractions for mangrove; 2) Involvement and empowerment of communities in each of the process of rehabilitation and conservation of mangrove; 3) Making the Village of Muara as a supplier of mangrove seedlings for mangrove rehabilitation and conservation in coastal areas of Jakarta
Keyword: mangrove, mangrove rehabilitation, mangrove ecosystems, rehabilitation strategies

Judul: Evaluation of Influenza Antibody Titers in Serum and Egg Yolk of Layers Vaccinated with Influenza Vaccines.
Abstrak: Influenza belongs to the Orthomyxoviridae family which causes upper and lower respiratory tract infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate influenza-A specific antibody titers from serum and egg yolk of hens vaccinated with quadrivalent influenza vaccines. Three Hy-line Brown layers were vaccinated with quadrivalent influenza type A and B inactivated vaccines. Vaccination was carried out three times at a dose of 0.25 ml/chicken via the intramuscular route. The first vaccination was carried out at 24 weeks of age, then boosters were performed at 28 and 32 weeks of age. Serum and egg yolk were collected every week for 20 weeks since the first vaccination. Influenza A H3N2 and H1N1 antibody titers were determined using hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test and agar-gel-precipitation (AGP) test. Influenza-A H3N2 and H1N1 specific antibodies were detected in both serum and egg yolk from the first to twenty weeks after the initial vaccination. Highest HI geometric mean titer (GMT) of H1N1 antibody reached 26.67 HIU at nine weeks post first vaccination (p.f.v), while H3N2 antibody reached 26 HIU at six weeks p.f.v. Our result showed that influenza antibodies can be produced in layers using quadrivalent vaccines and layer chickens are able to produce equivalent antibody levels for each influenza subtype.
Keyword: antibody, egg yolk, influenza, layer chickens, serum