Judul: Modal Aktor dan Penyelesaian Konflik Lahan
Abstrak: The degree of actor contribution in the conflict could be influenced by quality of economic capital, social capital, symbolic capital, and cultural capital owned by actors. In case of conflict of interest over land disputes, ownership of economic capital and social capital are high on the actor are likely to affect emerging and manifest conflict. However the high ownership of symbolic capital and cultural capital could reduce the involvement of actors in the conflict, but had no significant effect in eliminating conflict. Public onfidence to obtain acces to economic capital should be a major concern for all stakeholders in resolving the conflict, especially through extrajudicial resolution of conflicts either through arbitration, mediation, and negotiation. Therefore mutual land management by profit sharing settlement between the tenants and investors with a basis of justice, participation, and prosperity for the people should be encouraged and secured as the provisions of the statutes MPR IX/MPR/2001.
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Judul: Konflik-konflik sumberdaya hutan di Jawa Barat dan Kalimantan Barat, Indonesia
Abstrak: The role of forests as a basis of human livelihood has occurred for a long time since the world’s early agricultural history. Throughout history, it has shown that the people’s living strategy has different patterns, influenced by culture and social changes. However, changes had to be carried out to respond to conflicts that occur due to the entry of state policy on the management of forest areas. By taking the exemplary case of conflicts in two locations, namely Mount Halimun Salak National Park (T.N.G.H.S.) located in the Bogor Regency, Sukabumi Regency and Lebak Regency, West Java and Banten Provinces, and Sungai Utik Forest, Kapuas Hulu Regency, West Kalimantan Province, through constructivist research methods and qualitative approach, the author can say that these forest resource conflicts always occur involving multiple parties with multiple interests. At least in the case of T.N.G.H.S. there are two parties in conflict, namely the State and the indigenous people of Kasepuhan, whereas in the case of Sungai Utik, it involves many parties, namely the State (Central Government), the State (Local Government), businessmen who are affiliated with the Central Government and businessmen who are affiliated with the Local Government and the indigenous people of Dayak Iban in Sungai Utik. Conflicts at T.N.G.H.S. occur because the state issued a policy on the expansion of the national park, while conflicts at Sungai Utik Forest occur because the state (Central Government) issued the Business License for Timber Management (I.U.P.H.H.K.) policy for businessmen, and the Local Government also issued the Business Licence for Plantation (I.U.P.) policy in the same region. Based on the phenomenon of conflicts in T.N.G.H.S. and Sungai Utik Forest, it can be said that conflicts of forest resources are conflicts of meaning, conflicts of tenur, conflicts of authority and conflicts of livelihood. Foucault's theory was used to see the conflict of meaning. The meaning is affected by the knowledge of the actor. This knowledge empowers the actors to claim the area as their property and gives them the power to control and to manage the forest resources. To analyze conflicts of tenur, conflicts of authority and conflicts of livelihood, the Dahrendorf conflict theory was used. Through the analysis of the Dahrendorf conflict theory, it can be said that the sharper the conflict of forest resources, the more visible the presence of the subordinated party and the other party that becomes the super ordinate. The indigenous people are the subordinated party, whereas the state is the super ordinate party. The more subordinated the people, the less the authority they have, and the more difficult the indigenous people obtain their interest on the right of access to forest management; thus the more resilient the people become in finding various supports for conflict resolution. Based on the phenomena found on location, conflicts of forest resources in the Kasepuhan community and the Dayak Iban community of Sungai Utik gave birth to a new theory, namely “the theory of social resilience in the fight over forest resources”. The resilience is understood as a struggle for survival. Each community has a different level of resilience. Communities
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Judul: Gambaran Histologis Ovarium Kucing Domestik (Felis catus) yang Disimpan pada Suhu 4 °C Selama Tujuh Hari
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh penyimpanan ovarium selama tujuh hari pada suhu 4 °C terhadap gambaran histologis sel-sel folikel kucing domestik. Penelitian ini menggunakan 14 sampel ovarium kucing domestik dengan 7 kelompok perlakuan berbeda. Pengamatan mikroskopis dilakukan dengan membuat preparat histologi dan diwarnai dengan pewarnaan hematoksilin eosin untuk mempelajari morfologi sel folikel ovarium. Gambaran kelompok perlakuan hari pertama dan hari kedua menunjukkan kondisi yang paling baik: sel-sel granulosa pada folikel preantral dalam keadaan intak, tidak ditemukan oosit yang nukleusnya mengalami piknosis, sitoplasma homogen eosinofilik, sel-sel interstisial melekat pada stroma ovarium, folikel primordial tampak memiliki warna dan ukuran yang seragam. Hari ketiga dan keempat penyimpanan memperlihatkan sel-sel granulosa yang tidak melekat dengan baik pada membran basal dan berbentuk tidak beraturan. Hal serupa juga terjadi pada hari kelima, keenam, dan ketujuh dengan semakin menurunnya densitas warna sel-sel folikel preantral beserta inti selnya. Penyimpanan ovarium kucing pada suhu 4 °C sebaiknya tidak lebih dari dua hari (48 jam) setelah ovariektomi, sehingga penghambatan metabolisme sel dan kondisi normal oosit yang diharapkan sebelum dilakukan fertilisasi maupun maturasi in vitro dapat dipertahankan.
Keyword: Felis catus, ovarium, histologi, preservasi, suhu 4 °C