Judul: Analisis genetik dan seleksi generasi awal segregan gandum (Triticum aestivum L.) berdaya hasil tinggi
Abstrak: The preliminary breeding research series to develop adaptive variety in wheat to low and medium land regions had been conducted. It was started from evaluation and identification of agronomical responses of some introduced varieties, selective hybridization and development the breeding populations, until selection in early generation to identify high yielding potential segregants. First field experiment was conducted at two Indonesian agroecosystems (BIOTROP as low land representative and Cipanas as high land representative) from Mei to September 2011 and others were conducted at Research Station of BALITHI, Cipanas. The first experiment results showed that location had significant effect on wheat performance. High temperature in low land decrease the sink-source capacity, accelerate the seed filling period, and increase the empty floret. The tested genotypes were classified into three tolerance level. Oasis was classified as tolerant genotype, HP1744, LAJ, Menemen, Alibey, Selayar, and Dewata were classified as medium tolerant, and Rabe, H-21, G-21, G-18, and Basribey classified as sensitive genotypes. Analysis of agronomical traits-controlling gene action showed that all of observed traits controlled by poligenic with additive and epistatic effects. The total tillering number, productive tillering number, shoot-root dried weight, seed weight/panicle, and seed number/pland had strong phenotypic correlation with seed weight/plant. On the other hand, based on path analysis only two traits which had high direct effect to seed weight/plant. Those traits are useful for secondary trait in improving yield potential. Four selected traits (seed weight/plants, productive tillering number, seed weight/panicle, ratio of empty floret) had been used to develop an selection index. Selected segregants in Oasis x HP1744 population are O/HP-F2-87, O/HP-F2-93, O/HP-F2-100, O/HP-F2-106, O/HP-F2-51, O/HP-F2-6, O/HP-F2-16, O/HP-F2-124, O/HP-F2-92, O/HP-F2-39, O/HP-F2-9, O/HP-F2-26, O/HP-F2-31, dan O/HP-F2-123. S/R-F2- 39, S/R-F2-13, S/R-F2-61, S/R-F2-19, S/R-F2-56, S/R-F2-7, and S/R-F2-64 are selected segregants in Selayar x Rabe population. In addition selected segregants in Dewata x Alibey population are D/A-F2-34, D/A-F2-13, D/A-F2-99, D/A-F2-22, D/A-F2-70, D/A-F2-4, D/A-F2-33, D/A-F2-80, D/A-F2-25, dan D/A-F2-65. All of the selected segregants have higher phenotypic performance in all observed traits than their parents.
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Judul: Analisis Genetik dan Seleksi Generasi Awal Segregan Gandum (Triticum aestivum L.) Berdaya Hasil Tinggi
Abstrak: Seri penelitian pemuliaan pendahuluan untuk mengembangkan varietas adaptif pada gandum hingga dataran rendah dan menengah telah dilakukan. Dimulai dari evaluasi dan identifikasi respon agronomi beberapa varietas introduksi, hibridisasi selektif dan pengembangan populasi pemuliaan, hingga seleksi pada generasi awal untuk mengidentifikasi segregan potensial berdaya hasil tinggi. Eksperimen lapangan pertama dilakukan di dua agroekosistem Indonesia (BIOTROP sebagai perwakilan dataran rendah dan Cipanas sebagai perwakilan dataran tinggi) dari Mei hingga September 2011 dan lainnya dilakukan di Stasiun Penelitian BALITHI, Cipanas. Hasil percobaan pertama menunjukkan bahwa lokasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap penampilan gandum. Temperatur yang tinggi di dataran rendah menurunkan kapasitas sink-source, mempercepat periode pengisian benih, dan meningkatkan floret kosong. Genotipe yang diuji diklasifikasikan menjadi tiga tingkat toleransi. Oasis diklasifikasikan sebagai genotipe toleran, HP1744, LAJ, Menemen, Alibey, Selayar, dan Dewata diklasifikasikan sebagai genotipe toleran sedang, dan Rabe, H-21, G-21, G-18, dan Basribey diklasifikasikan sebagai genotipe sensitif. Analisis aksi gen pengendali sifat agronomi menunjukkan bahwa semua sifat yang diamati dikendalikan oleh poligenik dengan efek aditif dan epistatik. Jumlah anakan total, jumlah anakan produktif, bobot kering akar tajuk, bobot biji/malai, dan jumlah biji/bidang memiliki korelasi fenotip yang kuat dengan bobot biji/tanaman. Sebaliknya, berdasarkan analisis jalur hanya dua sifat yang berpengaruh langsung tinggi terhadap bobot biji/tanaman. Sifat-sifat tersebut berguna untuk sifat sekunder dalam meningkatkan potensi hasil. Empat sifat terseleksi (bobot biji/tanaman, jumlah anakan produktif, bobot biji/malai, rasio floret kosong) telah digunakan untuk menyusun indeks seleksi. Segregan terpilih dalam populasi Oasis x HP1744 adalah O/HP-F2-87, O/HP-F2-93, O/HP-F2-100, O/HP-F2-106, O/HP-F2-51, O/ HP-F2-6, O/HP-F2-16, O/HP-F2-124, O/HP-F2-92, O/HP-F2-39, O/HP-F2-9, O/HP- F2-26, O/HP-F2-31, dan O/HP-F2-123. S/R-F2- 39, S/R-F2-13, S/R-F2-61, S/R-F2-19, S/R-F2-56, S/R-F2-7, dan S /R-F2-64 adalah segregan terpilih dalam populasi Selayar x Rabe. Selain itu segregasi terpilih pada populasi Dewata x Alibey adalah D/A-F2-34, D/A-F2-13, D/A-F2-99, D/A-F2-22, D/A-F2-70, D/A-F2-4, D/A-F2-33, D/A-F2-80, D/A-F2-25, dan D/A-F2-65. Semua segregan terpilih memiliki penampilan fenotipik yang lebih tinggi pada semua sifat yang diamati daripada tetuanya.
Keyword: gandum, aksi gen, kapasitas bak cuci, kapasitas sumber, seleksi diferensial

Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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