Judul: Kemampuan Tanggap Kebal Ayam Petelur yang Divaksinasi dengan Vaksin Aktif Newcastle Disease Strain LaSota Terhadap Paparan Virus Newcastle Disease Gen VII
Abstrak: The objectives of this study were to determine the immune response of vaccinated layer with Newcastle Disease strain Lasota active vaccine against challenged by Newcastle Disease Gen VII and to observe clinical signs and pathology anatomy lesions of challenged chickens. Fourty commercial layer were used in this study and divided into four groups K1, K2, K3, K4 each group consisted of 10 chickens. Group K1 and K2 were unvaccinated and group K3 and K4 were vaccinated. Group K2 and K4 were challenged using Newcastle Disease Gen VII. Chickens were vaccinated at 3 rd weeks and challenge at 5th weeks (2 weeks post vaccination), with dose 104 CLD50/chicken, through oral. ND antibody titer were determined by Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) test. The result showed that groups K1 and K2 have low level antibody compared to groups K3 and K4. Group K2 shows diarrhea clinical sign that causes death to all the chickens. Group K4 has antibody 22.5. Our result showed that ND LaSota could induce immune response against challenge by ND gen VII also reduced mortality and clinical sign.
Keyword: Gen VII, HI test, LaSota, Layer, Newcastle Disease, Vaccine

Judul: Kajian Histopatologi dan Imunologi Ayam pedaging yang Divaksin Newcastle Disease Strain La Sota dan Ditantang dengan Virus Newcastle Disease Strain Velogenik Indonesia (VND/Tasik/M13/2009)
Abstrak: Newcastle Disease (ND) is a highly contagious and very virulent avian disease in all age of poultry. The aims of this study were to investigate the protective level of antibody, clinical signs, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry analyses of selected internal organs of broiler which obtained La Sota Strain of ND Vaccine and then being challenged with local strain of velogenic ND virus. Eighty birds used and divided into 4 groups @ 20 birds. The treatment birds were vaccinated with live and killed ND vaccine on 4th days old. Two groups were challenged at 25th days of age intramuscularly with 104 EID50 /0.1 ml/bird of velogenic virulent ND virus. Sera were collected at 1, 18, 22, 28, 30, and 32 days of age. Three birds from each group were examined for protective antibody level using Hemaglutination inhibition (HI) test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at 3, 5, and 7 days post inoculation with virulent ND virus. The HI test result at 28th and 32nd days old showed that antibody level of birds obtained vaccination and followed by virus challenging were higher than those the vaccinated birds but not be challenged. The unvaccinated group showed clinical signs such as anorexia, sleepy, weakness, greenish diarrhea, and death on 3rd days onward after infection. Histopathological lesions indicated hyperemia, haemorrhages, hyperplasia, mononuclear cells infiltration, oedema, and necrosis of proventriculus and intestines. Neuronal necrosis, gliosis, vasculitis, perivascular infiltration with mononuclear cells, and endothelial hypertrophy were also observed in the brain. Immunohistochemically, ND virus antigen was detected in the endothelial cells of brain, lung, kidney, and cryptae of duodenum, but negative immunoreactivities in proventriculus. All unvaccinated birds and then challenged with ND virus were died within 7 days post challenge.
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Judul: Penggunaan Teorema Homeomorphy 2-Manifold dan Teorema Euler Poincare pada Torus 𝑇�� dan Simplicial Complex 𝐾��
Abstrak: Two dimensional topological spaces are said to be homeomorphic if they have the same topological invariant, where one of topological invariant used is an Euler characteristic. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem and Euler Poincare’s Theorem are used to distinguish two topological spaces. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem uses Euler characteristic to identify two dimensional topological spaces. Euler Poincare’s Theorem is an alternative way to find Euler characteristic with Betti number, which is topological invariant as well. The objective of this paper is to investigate the homeomorphism of torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾�����. Topological space torus and simplicial complex 𝐾����� have the same Euler characteristic, which is two. Based on Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem topological space torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾����� is homeomorphic.
Keyword: simplicial, torus, Euler, homeomorphism, topology