Judul: Tingkah Laku Sosial Bekantan (Nasalis larvatus) di Taman Safari Indonesia, Cisarua-Bogor
Abstrak: Proboscis Monkey (Nasalis larvatus) is a primate species that live in group, it occurred social interaction within group. In general, the form of social interaction among individuals include grooming activity, agonistic, play, and sexual. This research addressed to determine social behaviour of proboscis monkey. The objects of this study were six Nasalis larvatus with different ages and sexes. Social behaviour observation was carried out using focal animal method. Determination of the hierarchy in adult females based on grooming, agonistic, and sexual activities. The observation began at 09.00 a.m until 04.00 p.m for 492 hours. Adult females showed the greatest percentage on doing autogrooming and grooming to others than adult male and infants. Adult female with high rank showed less percentage (76,39%) on doing grooming than other adult females (78,00%). Male performed open mouth threat, showed canine, gave vocalization, and chasing the sounds. Females only performed open mouth threat and gave vocalization. Most adult female with high rank was done agonistic activity against other individuals (23,61%). Playing activities were done by the infants of proboscis monkey. Sexual behaviour only occurred between the adult male and female proboscis monkeys.
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Judul: Pemanfaatan Ruang oleh Bekantan (Nasalis larvatus Wunnb) pada Habitat Terisolasi di Kuala Samboja, Kalimantan Timur
Abstrak: Proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus Wurmb) is an endemic primate species to the island of Borneo and has been classified as endangered species by IUCN. Fourty percent of this habitat has been lost and only 4.1% of this habitat occurs within designated conservation areas. Kuala Samboja River is an unprotected habitat of proboscis monkey. This area was narrow, isolated, and fragmented. The objectives of the research were to obtain habitat conditions, population, food source, and space use. Data were collected through vegetation analysis by line-plot sampling method, activity budget and use of space by instantaneous sampling method, whereas food sources by individual activity records of feeding (IARF) method. The groups were observed were Stan, Zacky, and Raja. The results of this study showed that the community of habitat are dominated by Sonneratia caseolaris, Cerbera manghas, Vitex pinnata, and Elaeocarpus stipularis. Twenty one of plant species were found as food sources, five of those were preferred i.e. S. caseolaris, V. pinnata, Deris sp., Hevea braziliensis, and Avicenia cf. officinalis. The population of proboscis monkey more than 143 monkeys, 98 monkeys divided to 9 groups (6 one-male groups, 3 all-male groups), whereas 45 monkeys unidentified. Generally, the monkeys spent more time for feeding in the morning and afternoon and resting in noonday. Feeding and moving activity of female greater than male but resting was lesser, whereas social activity was done by female only. Each mean daily range groups were 289 m (Stan), 260 m (Zacky), and 449 m (Raja), while home range size were 4.92, 4.52, and 6.92 ha, respectively. The groups of Stan, Zacky and Raja spent most of their time at heights of 9-12 m, 0-6 m, and 3-9 m, respectively. Use of canopy stratum influence by habitat conditions, temperature, blown of wind, and predators.
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Judul: Bio-Healing Concrete: Pemanfaatan Kedelai dalam Metode Enzyme-Mediated Calcite Precipitation untuk Perbaikan Keretakan Beton
Abstrak: Enzyme-Mediated Calcite Precipitation (EMCP) merupakan suatu metode yang mengaktifkan enzim urease dari tanaman yang digunakan untuk mengkatalisasi reaksi antara urea dan CaCl2 untuk diendapkan menjadi CaCO3. Metode EMCP dievaluasi, dan kombinasi optimum antara urease, urea, dan kalsium klorida kemudian digunakan sebagai data awal untuk penambahan kedelai sebagai katalis. Sampel beton yang disiapkan berupa beton silinder 5 cm x 10 cm yang selanjutnya diretakkan menggunakan Universal Testing Machine (UTM), dengan lebar yang dikendalikan dalam rentang ±0.2-0.3 mm. Larutan injeksi ditambahkan pada beton menggunakan metode perkolasi, sampai ketinggian larutan 5 mm di atas permukaan beton. Injeksi dilakukan beberapa kali dan pengaruhnya terhadap keretakan beton dievaluasi melalui uji permeabilitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setelah injeksi ke-4, total kalsit yang terbentuk pada sampel adalah sebanyak 18.3% dari total luas permukaan retakan beton yang mampu mengurangi nilai permeabilitas beton sebesar 95.43%. Sehingga pemanfaatan kedelai pada metode EMCP dianggap layak untuk perbaikan retak beton.
Keyword: EMCP, injeksi, kedelai, permeabilitas, retak