Judul: Kebijakan Pembangunan Desa dan Pemberantasan Kemiskinan:
Studi Kasus pada Dana Desa di Provinsi Aceh, Indonesia.
Abstrak: Village funds is still a new fiscal policy that was initially launched in 2015 by the seventh president of Indonesia, “Joko Widodo”, as his pilot project. Some villages have significantly benefited from developments and improvements initiated by the policy. However, it also has been identified through various investigative analysis that not all village funds allocations transferred to local governments have been implemented effectively and efficiently. This research examines the relationship between the village funds allocations and poverty alleviation in Aceh province, Indonesia. Using a panel data model that provides random-effects estimations, it concludes the village funds allocations from the period of 2015 to 2018 cannot reduce the poverty rate in 23 regencies/municipalities in Aceh. Fiscal variables such as government expenditure and government own revenue have also shown a positive relationship with the poverty rate. Furthermore, with fixed-effects estimation, village funds allocations also show the same result of its relationship with the number of people living in poverty. Meanwhile, one fiscal variable, GDRP has a negative and significant relationship with the number of people living in poverty. Some social variables, such as education and population have also had significant and negative effects on the poverty rate and the number of people living in poverty.
Keyword: panel, dana desa, kemiskinan, fiskal, kebijakan

Judul: The Effect of Village Funds on Inequality of Poverty Rates in the Rural Urban Areas in Indonesia
Abstrak: Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara berkembang di mana kemiskinan masih menjadi masalah dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan. Kemiskinan di Indonesia didominasi oleh kemiskinan perdesaan. Hal ini menyebabkan munculnya kesenjangan tingkat kemiskinan wilayah perdesaan dan perkotaan di Indonesia. Dana desa merupakan program kerja masa pemerintahan Presiden Joko Widodo yang mana salah satu tujuannya adalah mengentaskan kemiskinan di perdesaan Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dana desa terhadap kesenjangan tingkat kemiskinan wilayah desa kota di Indonesia periode tahun 2015 sampai 2019. Metode analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesenjangan tingkat kemiskinan desa kota setiap pulau selama periode 2015-2019 senantiasa mengalami penurunan. Dana desa dan pendidikan berpengaruh nyata mengurangi kesenjangan tingkat kemiskinan wilayah desa kota, rasio dana perimbangan berpengaruh nyata menambah kesenjangan tingkat kemiskinan wilayah desa kota, sedangkan PDRB per kapita dan rasio pendapatan asli daerah tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kesenjangan tingkat kemiskinan wilayah desa kota di Indonesia., Indonesia is one of the developing countries where poverty is still a problem in the implementation of development. Poverty in Indonesia is dominated by rural poverty. This has led to the emergency of inequality on poverty rates in rural and urban areas in Indonesia. The village funds is a work program under President Joko Widodo’s administration, one of which is to eradicate poverty in rural Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the effect of the village funds on inequality of poverty rates in rural urban areas in Indonesia for the period 2015 to 2019. The analysis method in this study is descriptive analysis and panel data analysis. The results showed that the gap in the rural urban poverty rate of each island in Indonesia during 2015-2019 period contiunues to decrease. Village funds and education had a significant effect on reducing the inequality of poverty rates in urban rural areas, the ratio of balancing fund had a significant effect on increasing the inequality of poverty rates in rural urban areas, while GDRP per capita and the ratio of original regional income did not significantly effect on inequality of poverty rates in rural urban areas in Indonesia.
Keyword: Village Funds, Panel Data, Inequality of Poverty

Judul: Characteristic of chili drying (Capsicum annum L.) as a natural dyeing cosmetic
Abstrak: Chilli (Capsicum sp.) contains carotenoids, which are a group of natural pigments consist of red, orange or yellow color. Carotenoids can be dissolved in lipid so that they can be applied to oil-based cosmetic ingredients. Therefore, chilli is potential to be developed as cosmetic colorants. However, pungency of red chili needs to be removed because it is irritating and it provides stinging sensation to skin. Red chilli was investigated as a potent material for a cosmetic colourant in this research because it has a nice uniform red color and has a pungency level less than cayenne pepper. The purpose of this research was to investigate the influence of blanching on drying characteristics of red chilli using a tray dryer, determine the proper time of chili blanching in sodium bisulfite solution, examine color changes stability of red chili powder as a cosmetic dye, and analyze the effect of oleoresin extraction on color and pungency level of red chili powder. The results showed that blanching could affect the drying characteristics. Blanching the chilli for 9 minutes prior drying could speed up the drying rate of chilli and thus the drying time, therefore, the chilli achieved the desired moisture content fast. Sodium bisulfite solution of 0.2%, used as the blanching media, could maintain the color well. However, longer time of blanching might cause several pigments soluble in the blanching media. Blanching the chilli for 9 minutes was able to maintain red color after the stability tested and after extraction of oleoresin. Therefore, blanching red chilli in a solution of 0.2% sodium bisulfite for 9 minutes prior drying is concluded as the best treatment to retain the color of red chilli powder
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