Judul: Potential Economic Losses due to Stunting of Children Under Five and The Stunting Handling Budget in West Sumatera Province in 2022
Abstrak: Indonesia memiliki potensi kerugian ekonomi yang besar akibat stunting. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis potensi kerugian ekonomi (penurunan produktivitas dan biaya perawatan) serta anggaran penanggulangan stunting balita, dan perbandingannya di dataran rendah dan dataran tinggi Provinsi Sumatera Barat tahun 2022. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional dan konsep proyeksi keuangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa potensi kerugian ekonomi akibat penurunan produktivitas dan biaya perawatan pada balita stunting di dataran rendah Provinsi Sumatera Barat tahun 2022 adalah sebesar Rp291,00 miliar–Rp1.310,00 miliar (0,13%-0,59% PDRB) dan Rp545,00 miliar–Rp736,00 miliar (0,24%-0,33% PDRB), sedangkan di dataran tinggi adalah Rp79,00 miliar–Rp355,00 miliar (0,13%-0,57% PDRB) dan Rp146,00 miliar–Rp198,00 miliar (0,23%-0,32% PDRB). Total anggaran penanggulangan stunting di wilayah dataran rendah Provinsi Sumatera Barat adalah Rp550,20 miliar, sedangkan di dataran tinggi adalah Rp100,30 miliar. Perbandingan anggaran penanggulangan dengan total potensi kerugian ekonomi terendah hingga tertinggi akibat stunting balita di wilayah dataran rendah Provinsi Sumatera Barat adalah 66%-27%, sedangkan di dataran tinggi adalah 44%-18%. Penanggulangan stunting secara multisektoral yang optimal diperlukan untuk mencegah kerugian ekonomi yang lebih besar dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat., Indonesia has the potential for huge economic losses from stunting. The aim of the study is to analyze the potential economic losses (decrease in productivity and healthcare cost) and the handling budget of stunting, as well as their comparison in the lowland and highland of West Sumatera Province in 2022. This research is a type of quantitative descriptive research with cross sectional approaches and financial projection concepts to make estimates. The research results show that the estimated potential economic losses due to the decrease in productivity and healthcare costs of stunting in the lowland of West Sumatera Province in 2022 are of Rp291.00 billion–Rp1,310.00 billion (0.13%-0.59% GRDP) and Rp545.00 billion–Rp736.00 billion (0.24%-0.33% GRDP), whereas in the highland are Rp79.00 billion–Rp355.00 billion (0.13%-0.57% GRDP) and Rp146.00 billion– Rp198.00 billion (0.23%-0.32% GRDP). The stunting handling budget in the lowland of West Sumatera Province is Rp550.20 billion, while in the highland is Rp100.30 billion. Optimal multi-sectoral stunting prevention is needed to prevent greater economic losses and improve community welfare.
Keyword: Balita, Kerugian ekonomi, Produktivitas, Perawatan kesehatan, Stunting

Judul: Effect of Food Consumption, Health, Education, and Economic Factors on Stunting in West Java
Abstrak: Stunting merupakan masalah gizi yang dialami oleh balita di Provinsi Jawa Barat dengan prevalensi sebesar 26,1%. Berdasarkan WHO conceptual framework, faktor penyebab stunting terbagi atas causes dan context. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis konsumsi pangan sebagai cause, faktor kesehatan, pendidikan, dan ekonomi sebagai context serta pengaruhnya terhadap prevalensi stunting di Jawa Barat. Desain penelitian ini adalah ecological study menggunakan data sekunder yang dipublikasi pada tahun 2018-2019 dengan unit analisis 18 kabupaten dan 9 kota. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukan konsumsi pangan penduduk berupa tingkat kecukupan energi dan protein tergolong normal, namun skor Pola Pangan Harapan belum mencapai 100. Terjadi perkembangan pada faktor kesehatan meliputi usia harapan hidup, jumlah sarana, tenaga dan jaminan kesehatan, serta faktor pendidikan meliputi harapan lama sekolah, rata-rata lama sekolah, jumlah sarana dan tenaga pendidikan. Faktor ekonomi seperti skor Indeks Pembangunan Manusia, pengeluaran perkapita disesuaikan dan pengeluaran pangan mengalami perkembangan, sedangkan ketimpangan pendapatan dan persentase penduduk miskin mengalami penurunan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat kecukupan energi, jumlah sarana kesehatan, dan indeks gini berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap prevalensi stunting, sedangkan tingkat kecukupan protein, usia harapan hidup, jumlah tenaga dan jaminan kesehatan berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap prevalensi stunting di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Kata kunci: ekonomi, kesehatan, konsumsi pangan, stunting, Effect of Food Consumption, Health, Education, and Economic Factors on Stunting in West Java. Supervised by YAYUK FARIDA BALIWATI. Stunting is a nutritional problem experienced by toddlers in West Java with prevalence of 26.1%. Based on WHO conceptual framework, the causes of stunting are divided into causes and context. This study aims to analyze food consumption as cause, health, education and economic factors as context and its influence on stunting prevalence in West Java. Design of this research is ecological study using secondary data published in 2018-2019. The analytical method is descriptive analysis and panel data regression. The results showed that energy and protein aduquacy level was normal, but Desirable Dietary Pattern Score had not yet reached 100. There were developments in health factors including life expectancy, personnel and health insurance, as well as educational factors including expected years school, mean years school, number of facilities and education personnel. Economic factors such as Human Development Index score, purchasing power parity and food expenditure have developed, while income inequality and the percentage of poor have decreased. The results showed that the energy adequacy level, number of health facilities, and Gini index had significant positive effect on stunting prevalence, while protein adequacy level, life expectancy, number of personnel and health insurance had significant negative effect on stunting prevalence in West Java. Keywords: economic, food consumption, health, stunting
Keyword: economic, food consumption, health, stunting

Judul: Pengembangan Model Codebook untuk Identifikasi Chord Gitar
Abstrak: Acoustic guitar can produce sound waves with different types of tones. High-low tone is determined by the fundamental frequency of the sound wave. Human sense of hearing can distinguish high-and low tones, but can not know for sure what kind of tone is heard by him. This study developed a guitar chord recognition system. This study uses MFCC as feature extraction methods and the codebook as pattern recognition method for identification of the guitar chord. Cluster technique used in this study is the K-means clustering. Data obtained from MFCC are clustered using the K-Means method, and the model for classification is constructed using the codebook method. The parameters used in MFCC is the number of cepstral coefficients, overlap, and the time frame, while an important parameter in the K-Means is the number of clusters. This study uses 8640 guitar chord sounds from 24 classes. Each of the data is made up of two chords which will be tested. Simulation results show that the maximum accuracy obtained is 98.89% obtained on 26 cepstral coefficients, overlap 0.4, time frame is 30 ms, on 100 clusters.
Keyword: chord, codebook, k-means, mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC)