Judul: Model Simulasi Pengeringan Cengkeh Tipe Cross-Flow
Abstrak: Pengeringan adalah proses penurunan air dari hasil pertanian sampai kadar air setimbang dengan keadaan udara di sekelilingnya atau sampai kadar air dimana mutu hasil pertanian tersebut dapat dipertahankan dari serangan jamur, aktivitas serangga dan enzim. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat model simulasi penge-ringan cengkeh dengan pengering tipe "cross-flow" dan mempelajari pengaruh suhu udara pengering, kadar air awal dan kelembaban relatif serta kelembaban mutlak udara pengering terhadap performansi pengering tipe "cross-flown.
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Judul: Simulasi Aliran Udara Panas untuk Scaling-up Pengering ERK-hybrid Tipe Rak Ganda dengan Metode Computational Fluid Dynamics.
Abstrak: Dasar proses pengeringan adalah proses terjadinya penguapan air dari bahan ke udara. Proses ini memerlukan banyak energi. Pengering ERK-hybrid tipe rak ganda mampu mengurangi energi pengeringan serta menghasilkan produk pengeringan yang lebih bersih tanpa terkontaminasi lingkungan. Akan tetapi, pengering ini masih memiliki kekurangan terutama pada tingkat keseragaman hasil pengeringan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis aliran udara yang terjadi pada pengering ERK-hybrid tipe rak ganda yang divalidasi berdasarkan hasil pengukuran serta membuat lima skenario simulasi aliran udara pengeringan lalu dipilih skenario terbaik untuk dilakukan perbesaran ukuran. Simulasi menggunakan software Gambit untuk membuat gambar geometri model dan Fluent untuk analisis simulasi. Simulasi aliran udara dengan metode CFD dapat menjelaskan keseragaman aliran udara dengan rata-rata error sebesar 8.62% pada rata-rata suhu pengering hasil simulasi sebesar 322.0°C dengan standar deviasi 6.2 K. Skenario 2 adalah skenario terbaik dengan CU (nilai koefisien keseragaman) 96% dan CV (nilai koefisien variasi) 0.013%. Perbesaran skala pengering dari 0.46 m3 menjadi 0.77 m3 menghasilkan keseragaman suhu aliran udara dalam ruang pengering sebesar 96%.
Keyword: Keseragaman, Pengering, Perbesaran, Simulasi, Skenario

Judul: Phylogeography and Species Limits in the Papuan White Snake (Micropechis ikaheka) (Reptilia: Serpentes: Elapidae)
Abstrak: Papua white snake, Micropechis ikaheka, has been distingushed into two subspecies M.i. ikaheka and M.i. fasciatus. However, due to lack of data on their morphology, distribution and ecology, both subspecies often ignored in scintific discussions and refers only byas , Micropechis ikaheka. This study was designed to document the differences between M.i. ikaheka and M.i fasciatus by using scales characteristics and reproductive organ or hemipenes. The study also examine, zoogeography, habitat, diet and cannibalism of both subspecies to better understanding the the ecology of one of the most venomous snakes in the world. This study consists of three topics with method and also different in the size samples, respectively. The first study is the histology and microtopography of the skin were studied using paraffin method and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The second is the hemipenis were examined by following Myers and Cadle (2003), and Zaher and Prudente (2003). The third is the abdominal surgery was carried out to document diet type and the investigate phenomenon of cannibalism in the snake. Specimens for this study came from the collection from Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB) and Universitas Negeri Papua’s Laboratory (LZU). The research result also indicated that the markers of skin and hemipenis described the same structure and microornamentation in all M. ikaheka groups being compared. Based specimens examined morphological descriptions do not s support the further differentiation in Micropechis. In short, two markers that used in this study could not sufficiently indicate the differences in the level of species and subspecies of M. ikaheka. The study, however, were able to delineate zoogeography and skin color patterns, which fall into four groups: M. i. ikaheka; M. i. fasciatus. M. i. ssp. “intermediate”; and M. i. ssp “black”. This study also revealed that color variations did not overlap in their geographic distribution. It is therefore, it suggested that environmental factors may contribute to the skin color variations. It also assumed that habitat discontinuous and biogeography factors may also cause the loss of the connection between the original populations (vicarians) or follow colonization events (dispersal). The examined of 22 stomach contents of M. ikaheka shows this species is carnivorous, and prey on vertebrates such as amphibians, fish, reptiles, and Mammals. These snakes are opportunistic predators since they prey on all that can be captured, but mainly reptiles (61.5%), followed by mammals and fish (both 15.4%), and amphibians (7.7%). Although categorized as terrestrial animal, the diet study showed that M. ikaheka snakes often go into the water to hunt for fish (the sample from Yapen island), including eel (the sample from Aru island). Based on prey items indentified, there is evidence that M. ikaheka is cannibal. At this time, there still no record on reason for cannibalism, but it is assumed that cannibalism was due to competition between populations and means to control population.
Keyword: geographic variation, white snake, papua