Judul: Kinerja Koperasi dengan Pendekatan Balanced Scorecard (Kasus: KUD Giri Tani Kabupaten Bogor).
Abstrak: Susu merupakan komoditas peternakan yang memiliki nilai impor terbesar di Indonesia. Kontribusi produksi susu domestik hanya mampu memenuhi permintaan sebesar 21 persen. Lebih dari 90 persen pemasaran susu segar dari peternak dikoordinasi oleh Koperasi Produksi Susu (KPS) atau Gabungan Koperasi Susu Indonesia (GKSI). Salah satu koperasi yang tergabung dalam GKSI Jawa Barat di Kabupaten Bogor adalah Giri Tani. Produksi susu di KUD Giri Tani mengalami penurunan dalam 5 tahun terakhir. Penurunan produksi susu menggambarkan perlu dilakukan analisis kinerja pada KUD Giri Tani. Analisis kinerja merupakan salah satu faktor yang sangat penting bagi organisasi yang digunakan untuk menilai keberhasilan organisasi. Metode Balanced Scorecard merupakan salah satu metode pengukuran yang mengukur kinerja tidak hanya dari perspektif keuangan saja tetapi juga dari perspektif pelanggan, proses bisnis internal serta pembelajaran dan pertumbuhan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kinerja KUD Giri Tani termasuk dalam kategori sangat sehat (A) dengan total skor 68.09 persen sehingga perbaikan kinerja pada setiap perspektif diperlukan.
Keyword: Analisis kinerja, Balanced scorecard, KUD Giri Tani

Judul: Kinerja Koperasi Peternak Susu bandung Utara (KPSBU) dengan Pendekatan Balanced Scorecard.
Abstrak: Salah satu provinsi penghasil susu terbesar di Indonesia adalah Provinsi Jawa Barat. Koperasi mempunyai peran yang cukup strategis untuk menopang perkembangan persusuan di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu pengukuran kinerja sangat penting dilakukan oleh koperasi, tidak hanya aspek keuangan tetapi juga aspek non keuangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi rancangan sistem pengukuran kinerja KPSBU dan mengukur kinerja Koperasi Peternak Sapi Bandung Utara. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Balanced Scorecard. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa sasaran strategis untuk perspektif pelanggan adalah kepuasan anggota dan kehadiran anggota saat Rapat Akhir tahun (RAT), sasaran strategis untuk perspektif keuangan adalah rasio keuangan, penerimaan usaha, dan penerimaan Sisa hasil Usaha (SHU), sasaran strategis perspektif proses bisnis internal adalah inovasi usaha dan peningkatan aktivitas unit usaha, dan sasaran strategis perspektif pembelajaran dan pertumbuhan adalah evaluasi kinerja karyawan, peningkatan kompetensi karyawan, dan pembinaan anggota. Kinerja KPSBU termasuk dalam kategori sangat sehat (AAA) dengan total skor 99.83 persen.
Keyword: Kinerja, Balanced Scorecard, Koperasi Peternak Sapi Bandung Utara (KPSBU)

Judul: Phylogeography and Species Limits in the Papuan White Snake (Micropechis ikaheka) (Reptilia: Serpentes: Elapidae)
Abstrak: Papua white snake, Micropechis ikaheka, has been distingushed into two subspecies M.i. ikaheka and M.i. fasciatus. However, due to lack of data on their morphology, distribution and ecology, both subspecies often ignored in scintific discussions and refers only byas , Micropechis ikaheka. This study was designed to document the differences between M.i. ikaheka and M.i fasciatus by using scales characteristics and reproductive organ or hemipenes. The study also examine, zoogeography, habitat, diet and cannibalism of both subspecies to better understanding the the ecology of one of the most venomous snakes in the world. This study consists of three topics with method and also different in the size samples, respectively. The first study is the histology and microtopography of the skin were studied using paraffin method and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The second is the hemipenis were examined by following Myers and Cadle (2003), and Zaher and Prudente (2003). The third is the abdominal surgery was carried out to document diet type and the investigate phenomenon of cannibalism in the snake. Specimens for this study came from the collection from Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB) and Universitas Negeri Papua’s Laboratory (LZU). The research result also indicated that the markers of skin and hemipenis described the same structure and microornamentation in all M. ikaheka groups being compared. Based specimens examined morphological descriptions do not s support the further differentiation in Micropechis. In short, two markers that used in this study could not sufficiently indicate the differences in the level of species and subspecies of M. ikaheka. The study, however, were able to delineate zoogeography and skin color patterns, which fall into four groups: M. i. ikaheka; M. i. fasciatus. M. i. ssp. “intermediate”; and M. i. ssp “black”. This study also revealed that color variations did not overlap in their geographic distribution. It is therefore, it suggested that environmental factors may contribute to the skin color variations. It also assumed that habitat discontinuous and biogeography factors may also cause the loss of the connection between the original populations (vicarians) or follow colonization events (dispersal). The examined of 22 stomach contents of M. ikaheka shows this species is carnivorous, and prey on vertebrates such as amphibians, fish, reptiles, and Mammals. These snakes are opportunistic predators since they prey on all that can be captured, but mainly reptiles (61.5%), followed by mammals and fish (both 15.4%), and amphibians (7.7%). Although categorized as terrestrial animal, the diet study showed that M. ikaheka snakes often go into the water to hunt for fish (the sample from Yapen island), including eel (the sample from Aru island). Based on prey items indentified, there is evidence that M. ikaheka is cannibal. At this time, there still no record on reason for cannibalism, but it is assumed that cannibalism was due to competition between populations and means to control population.
Keyword: geographic variation, white snake, papua