Judul: Analisis Profitabilitas Dan Nilai Tambah Bisnis Yoghurt Pada Unit Pengolahan Susu Darul Fallah
Abstrak: Yoghurt merupakan salah satu hasil olahan susu yang memiliki jumlah produksi terbesar di Kabupaten Bogor. Rata-rata yoghurt di Kabupaten Bogor dilakukan dalam skala usaha kecil dan menengah yang masuk ke dalam industri rumah tangga. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis profitabilitas usaha yoghurt pada Unit Pengolahan Susu (UPS Dafa) dengan membandingkan tingkat profitabilitas yoghurt stik sapi dan yoghurt stik kambing dan menganalisis nilai tambah usaha yoghurt stik sapi dan yoghurt stik kambing. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan secara sengaja dengan memilih UPS Dafa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usaha ini mampu menghasilkan laba. Nilai profitabilitas usaha yoghurt stik sapi sebesar 27.50 persen lebih besar dibandingkan usaha yoghurt stik kambing sebesar 18.59 persen. Analisis nilai tambah menunjukkan usaha yoghurt stik sapi sebesar Rp 12 607.00 atau sebesar 56 persen, sedangkan usaha yoghurt stik kambimg sebesar Rp 24 077.00 persen atau 42.20 persen. Meskipun keuntungan per liter yoghurt stik susu sapi lebih rendah dibandingkan yoghurt stik susu kambing namun karena penjualan yoghurt stik susu sapi lebih tinggi maka keuntungan total yang diterima yoghurt stik sapi menjadi lebih tinggi dibandingkan yoghurt stik susu kambing.
Keyword: industri rumah tangga, nilai tambah, profitabilitas, yoghurt

Judul: Analisis Kinerja Unit Pengolahan Susu Dengan Pendekatan Nilai Tambah dan Profitabilitas Pada UPS D-Farm, Bogor.
Abstrak: Susu adalah salah satu komoditas hasil peternakan yang berpotensi berkembang besar di Indonesia. Sedangkan susu sangat rentan rusak, oleh karena itu diperlukan pengolahan lebih lanjut untuk mengatasi kerusakan tersebut. Salah satu unit usaha yang melakukan pengolahan susu menjadi produk turunan lainnya adalah Unit Pengolahan Susu D-Farm yang menghasilkan olahan susu pasteurisasi, yoghurt dan produk lainnya.UPS D-Farm ini terletak di kampus IPB Dramaga, Fakultas Peternakan, Bogor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kinerja pengolahan UPS D-Farm dengan menghitung besarnya nilai tambah dan profitabilitas. Analisis nilai tambah menggunakan metode Hayami dan tingkat profitabilitas dengan perkalian antara persentase Marjinal Income Ratio (MIR) dan Marjin of Safety (MOS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai tambah dari susu pasteurisasi dan yoghurt sebesar Rp8 318.77 dan Rp1 483.86. Profitabilitas yang dihasilkan susu pasteurisasi dan yoghurt sebesar 42.48% dan 19.86. Kinerja pengolahan susu pasteurisasi menghasilkan nilai tambah dan profitabilitas lebih tinggi dibandingkan yoghurt.
Keyword: kinerja, pengolahan susu, nilai tambah, profitabilitas

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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