Judul: Isolasi dan Identifikasi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA) Lokal pada Rhizosfer Rumput Lahan Pasca Tambang Timah di Kabupaten Belitung Timur.
Abstrak: Tin mining activity caused the effect for environmental such as increased sand fraction, decreased available nutrient content, decreased soil fertility and heavy metal pollution. These conditions inhibit the plant growth, while the land will be build the pasture. The use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can returned the conditions of marginal land. The aim of this research was to examined the potential of land use and get the FMA which are adapted to the environment post tin mining. This research used Completely Randomized Design with 5 type of plant and severally type appointed 3 replications. Parameters in this research are soil content, the amount of spores, percentage of root infection, and spores identification. The result show that post tin-mining land potential for build the pasture. Glomus sp was dominant at this land and potential as an inoculum.
Keyword: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, pasture, post tin-mining land

Judul: Pembenah Tanah dan Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula  (FMA) untuk Peningkatan Kualitas Bibit Tanaman  Kehutanan Pada Areal Bekas Tambang Batubara
Abstrak: Proses penambangan batubara telah mengakibatkan kerusakan tanah secara permanen karena perubahan sifat fisik, kimia dan biologi tanah, yang tersisa adalah lapisan batuan induk sehingga seringkali menyebabkan kegagalan penanaman bibit di lahan bekas penambangan. Pembuatan bibit di persemaian selama ini sangat mengandalkan keberadaan topsoil sebagai media semai, maka untuk mengurangi penggunaan topsoil diperlukan alternatif media yang murah, mudah didapat, mudah ditangani dan yang terpenting mampu mendukung pertumbuhan semai tanaman baik di persemaian hingga adaptif di lapangan seperti penggunaan kompos serbuk gergaji. Bahan lain yang dapat digunakan sebagai pembenah tanah adalah dengan menambahkan arang atau batubara serta pemanfaatan Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA) yang telah banyak diyakini membantu akar dalam proses penyerapan hara.
Keyword: Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula, kerusakan tanah, kegagalan penanaman bibit, lahan bekas penambangan, kompos serbuk gergaji

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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