Judul: Peran Modal Sosial dalam Pemberdayaan Perempuan di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Abstrak: Pandemi Covid-19 telah banyak memberikan dampak di berbagai sektor kehidupan, dan sangat berdampak pada tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam proses pemberdayaan. Modal sosial merupakan unsur-unsur dalam menjalankan program pemberdayaan. Modal sosial bertujuan untuk menumbuhkan rasa saling percaya terhadap anggota satu sama lain. Pemberdayaan perempuan merupakan upaya untuk meningkatkan kapasitas perempuan, serta memandirikan perempuan. Salah satu bentuk organisasi yang dapat menerapkan modal sosial adalah pemberdayaan dan kesejahteraan keluarga (PKK). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis peran modal sosial dalam pemberdayaan perempuan pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif melalui metode survei. Data kuantitatif diolah menggunakan alat uji Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan kuat antara peran modal sosial dengan pemberdayaan perempuan. Hal ini dikarenakan peran modal sosial seperti kepercayaan, norma sosial, dan jaringan sosial memiliki pengaruh yang besar terhadap tingkat keberdayaan., The Covid-19 pandemic has had many impacts in various sectors of life, and has greatly impacted the level of community participation in the empowerment process. Social capital is an element in carrying out empowerment programs. Where social capital aims to foster mutual trust in members of each other. Women's empowerment is an effort to increase women's capacity, as well as to become women's independence. One form of organization that can implement social capital is empowerment and family welfare (PKK). The purpose of this study was to analyze the role of social capital by empowering women during the Covid-19 pandemic. The method used in this research is a quantitative approach through in-depth interviews and literature study. Quantitative data was processed using the Spearman Rank test tool. The results showed that there was a strong relationship between the role of social capital and women's empowerment. This is because the role of social capital such as trust, social norms, and social networks has a great influence on the level of empowerment.
Keyword: Modal sosial, pandemi Covid-19, pemberdayaan perempuan, Covid-19 pandemic, social capital, women's empowerment

Judul: The Changes in the Livelihood Structures and the Living Standards of Women-Headed Households during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Abstrak: Wabah Covid-19 telah ditetapkan menjadi pandemi dan persoalan kompleks global. Dalam merespon keadaan ini, pemerintah telah mengeluarkan berbagai kebijakan. Namun, kebijakan ini memberikan dampak terhadap kehidupan rumah tangga yang dikepalai perempuan. Dengan memfokuskan pada daerah yang memiliki sejumlah besar segmen populasi ini, penelitian bertujuan menganalisis perubahan struktur nafkah, perubahan taraf hidup, dan hubungan antara perubahan struktur nafkah dan perubahan taraf hidup. Kami secara sengaja memilih Desa Sukanagalih, Kecamatan Pacet, Kabupaten Cianjur karena terdapat banyak perubahan kondisi kehidupan rumah tangga yang dikepalai perempuan pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode campuran dengan mengkombinasikan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Pemilihan responden menggunakan teknik proportional sampling dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 45 orang. Penelitian ini didukung dengan wawancara mendalam kepada informan yang dipilih secara sengaja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perubahan yang signifikan pada struktur nafkah dan taraf hidup serta terdapat hubungan yang lemah antara perubahan struktur nafkah dan perubahan taraf hidup rumah tangga yang dikepalai perempuan pada masa pandemi Covid-19., The Covid-19 virus outbreak has been declared a pandemic and is becoming a complex global issue. In response to this, the Indonesian government has issued many policies. But, these policies severely impacted marginalized women-headed households life. Zooming into an area of a significant number of this segment of population, we analyzed changes in livelihood structure, changes in living standards, and the relationship between the changes in the livelihood structure and living standards. We purposively choose Sukanagalih Village, Pacet Sub-district of Cianjur Regency because there are so many changes of women-headed households’ lives during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study used mix methods: a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches. We selected 45 respondents following the proportional sampling technic. The structured interview was complemented with in-depth interview with purposively selected informants. This study indicates that there are significant changes in the livelihood structure and living standards. We also found a weak relationship between the changes in livelihood structure and changes in women-headed household living standards during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Keyword: Covid-19 pandemic, livelihood structure, living standards

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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