Judul: Kadar Total Fenolik, Flavonoid, dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Madu Monoflora Lebah Apis mellifera Akibat Perlakuan Pemanasan
Abstrak: Perlakuan pemanasan terhadap madu diketahui dapat memengaruhi kandungan senyawa yang terdapat dalam madu. Pemanasan dilakukan pada tiga suhu berbeda yaitu suhu 32 ℃ (suhu ruang), 65 ℃, dan 121 ℃ dengan pengujian kadar total fenolik, flavonoid, DPPH dan FRAP. Penelitian bertujuan menentukan suhu pemanasan terbaik yang menghasilkan kadar fenolik, flavonoid, dan aktivitas antioksidan madu monoflora tertinggi, dan menganalisis korelasi antara kadar fenolik dan flavonoid dengan aktivitas antioksidan yang diperoleh. Korelasi dianalisis dengan uji Pearson. Madu akasia karpa memiliki nilai kadar total fenolik tertinggi sebesar 1967,5 mg GAE/100 gram, sedangkan untuk kadar total flavonoid dan aktivitas antioksidan meliputi DPPH dan FRAP tertinggi yaitu pada madu mangga, secara berturut-turut sebesar 482,06 mg QE/100 gram, 9,91 g/L dan 12,94 μmol TEAC/g. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pemberian perlakuan pemanasan 121 ℃ meningkatkan kadar fenolik, flavonoid, maupun aktivitas antioksidan pada madu monoflora. Namun demikian, pemanasan 65 ℃ dan 121 ℃ tidak memberikan korelasi terhadap kadar fenolik, flavonoid, dan aktivitas antioksidan., Heating treatment of honey is known to affect the content of compounds contained in honey. Heating was carried out at three different temperatures, namely 32 ℃ (room temperature), 65 ℃, and 121 ℃ with testing of total phenolic, flavonoid, DPPH and FRAP levels. The study aims to determine the best heating temperature that produces the highest levels of phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidant activity of monoflora honey, and to analyse the correlation between phenolic and flavonoid levels and antioxidant activity obtained. Correlations were analysed using the Pearson test. Acacia karpa honey had the highest value of total phenolic content of 1967,5 mg GAE/100 grams, while for total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity including DPPH and FRAP the highest was in mango honey, respectively 482,06 mg QE/100 grams, 9,91 g/L and 12,94 μmol TEAC/g. The results of this study showed that 121 ℃ heating treatment increased the phenolic content, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity in monoflora honey. However, 65 ℃ and 121 ℃ heating did not correlate with phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant activities.
Keyword: antioxidant, flavonoid, heat treatment, monoflora honey, phenolic

Judul: Kadar Total Fenolik, Flavonoid, dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Madu Lebah Tanpa Sengat (Trigona sp.) Akibat Pemanasan
Abstrak: Konsumsi madu dapat mencegah permasalahan kesehatan di Indonesia. Beragam madu ditemukan di Indonesia, salah satunya madu kelulut. Umur penyimpanan madu dapat diperpanjang dengan pemanasan. Pemanasan berpengaruh terhadap kelembapan, viskositas, kadar air, kadar fenolik, kadar flavonoid, dan antioksidan madu. Pemanasan madu meliputi suhu 65℃ dan 121℃ serta stanpa pemanasan sebagai kontrol dengan pengujian kadar total fenolik, flavonoid, DPPH, dan FRAP. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan suhu yang ideal pada pemanasan madu sehingga didapat kadar total fenolik, flavonoid, dan aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi. Sampel madu kelulut Pandeglang 2 memiliki kadar total fenolik dan total flavonoid tertinggi pada pemanasan 121℃ sebesar 18,50 mg GAE/g madu dan 10,80 mg QE/g madu, sedangkan nilai IC50 DPPH dan aktivitas antioksidan FRAP tertinggi diperoleh dari sampel Pandeglang 1 yakni sebesar 10,01 mg/mL dan 12,09 µmol TEAC/g madu. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah kadar total fenolik, flavonoid, dan aktivitas antioksidan optimal pada suhu pemanasan 121℃.
Keyword: antioxidant, flavonoid, heat treatment, kelulut honey, phenolic

Judul: Two Sector Economic Growth Model in Discrete Time
Abstrak: Economic growth is a condition in the economy that is reflected in the increase of goods and services produced within the community. The purpose of this thesis is to study two sectors economic growth model in discrete time proposed by Zhang (2007). The model involves an economic society with two commodities produced, i.e. capital goods and consumption goods. Both goods are produced with capital and labor as independent variables. The production function is the Cobb-Douglas function. This model shows that the dynamic system has a unique equilibrium solution. Based on some simulations, it has been shown that an increased propensity to save will increase per capita capital and output.
Keyword: