Judul: Analisis Gender terhadap Tingkat Perlindungan dan Kesejahteraan Buruh Industri Pabrik CV TKB di Bogor
Abstrak: The level of labor protection in CV TKB analyzed by gender analysis. Gender analysis tools in the study were male workers access of women to resources and the protection of labor and workers' control of men and women to the labor protection of resources. While welfare workers also analyzed by gender analysis. Gender analysis tools used are the benefits of the practical and strategic needs male workers and female CV TKB. The results showed that male workers have access to and control of resources of labor protections that are larger than female workers. Level of welfare workers men and women alike still low.
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Judul: Gender, industri, dan pengaruhnya terhadap otonomi wanita dalam pendidikan anak : kasus: buruh wanita pada industri garment, di kelurahan Cibuluh, Kecamatan Bogor Utara, Kota Bogor, Propinsi Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Fenomena saat ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin meningkatnya keterlibatan wanita dalam kegiatan ekonomi. Seiring terjadinya perubahan siruktur perekonomian nasional yang mengarah pada proses industrialisasi, peran wanita mengalami perubahan. Munculnya industrialisasi membuka peluang kerja bagi wanita, sehingga wanita dapat turut berperan secara ekonomi bekerja menghasilkan materi (uang) untuk kehidupan dirinya maupun rumah tangganya. iversity Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu ingin mengkaji (1) sejauhmana gender berpengaruh terhadap sistem industri (2) mengkaji sejauhmana sistem industri yang kurang berwawasan gender berpengaruh terhadap peran ekonomi wanita (3) mengkaji faktor selain gender (tingkat pengetahuan wanita dan peran serikat pekerja) yang mempengaruhi peran ekonomi wanita (4) mengkaji peran ekonomi wanita yang berpengaruh terhadap otonomi wanita dalam pendidikan anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif yang didukung oleh data kualitatif. Pada pendekatan kuantitatif ini menggunakan metode penelitian survei, dengan teknik sampel yang diambil secara acak dimana jumlah responden sebanyak 40 orang. Analisis data kuantitatif menggunakan tabel silang secara manual dan uji statistik Chi-Square' menggunakan bantuan Program SPSS. Data kualitatif diperoleh dari beberapa informan. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di wilayah Kelurahan Cibuluh, Kecamatan Bogor Utara, Kota Bogor, Propinsi Jawa Barat, yaitu kawasan dimana banyak ditemui industri yang melibatkan wanita. Waktu penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April hingga Mei 2006.
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Judul: Systematics of Desmos (Annonaceae) in Malesia
Abstrak: Desmos is a woody climbing genus of Annonaceae which has been widely used as traditional medicine in several countries such as China, Indo-China, Thailand, and Peninsular Malaysia to treat dysentery, vertigo, fever, and postpartum. Phylogenetic studies on Desmos showed a close relationship between Desmos and Dasymaschalon. They share similar moniliform monocarpic fruits, but their flowers are different. It has been debated among Annonaceae researchers whether both genera should be treated as the same or distinct genus. Therefore, investigation on the taxonomic delimitation of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon will be necessary. Plastid genome (plastome) identification, leaf epidermal section of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon species, a taxonomic revision of Desmos in Malesia using morphological data, the spatial distribution of Desmos species in Malesia, and morphological and genetic variation in Desmos chinensis population using ISSR marker were used to investigate taxonomic delimitation of Desmos. Plastome study of Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was carried out to determine the origin, evolution, phylogenomics, and identify marker candidates for Desmos and Dasymaschalon or with other genera in Annonaceae. We discovered that the plastome of Desmos chinensis was circular with the size of 167,677 bp (smaller than Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum), consist of 111 genes, including 78 protein-coding genes, 29 transfer RNAs, and 4 ribosomal RNAs. The plastome showed a typical quadripartite structure, i.e., large single copy (LSC), small single copy (SSC), and two inverted repeats (IRs). The plastome of Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was 191,488 bp in length, which also exhibited a typical quadripartite structure (LSC, SSC, and two IRs). Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum showed different copies of accD, ndhD, ndhF, rps18, and ycf2. Protein coding genes of rpoB, rpoC1, rbcL, matK, rpl32, infA, and rpl36 were identified based on nucleotide diversity, sequence variability, and parsimony-informative sites. The genes are defined as molecular marker candidates of plastome for phylogenetic, barcoding, and population genetic research. We predicted that Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum separated at ca. 64 million years ago during the Paleocene. Leaf anatomical feature study was carried to support the taxonomic delimitation of interspecific Desmos and intergeneric of Desmos and Dasymaschalon. Leaf anatomy in the paradermal section of 20 taxa (12 species of Desmos, eight species of Dasymaschalon) have been carried out. According to the leaf epidermal section, Desmos and Dasymaschalon are two distinct genera mainly distinguished based on the anticlinal wall undulation of epidermal cells and supported by variation of the crystal type and size. The anticlinal wall undulation of Desmos was almost straight to slightly wavy and never sinuous; meanwhile, Dasymaschalon varies from almost straight to deeply sinusoid. The crystals of Desmos consist of rhombohedral, druse type A, and druse type B crystals, whereas Dasymaschalon has prism, druse type A, druse type B, and druse type C crystals. The recent taxonomic revision using the morphological data was mainly based on the examination of about 1374 specimens from BO, L, WAN, ANDA, SING, SAN, K, P, HUH herbaria. The Desmos species in Malesia consists of eight species: D. acutus, D. chinensis, D. chryseus, D. dunalii, D. pedunculosus, D. subbiglandulosus, two new records: D. lawii and D. macrocarpus, and one
Keyword: Dasymaschalon, Desmoid clade, Magnoliid, plastid genome, phylogenomics analysis