Judul: Manajemen Produksi Kertas di PT. Pindo Deli Pulp dan Paper Mills, Karawang, Jawa Barat (Aplikasi Model Goal Programming),
Abstrak: Kertas merupakan produk yang sangat penting di antara kebutuhan fisik lainnya. Di samping sandang dan pangan, kertas sudah menjadi kebutuhan pokok sehari-hari mulai dari buku, kertas tulis, majalah, koran, uang kertas, kertas tissue, sampai kertas komputer. Namun belakangan ini harga kebutuhan kertas tersebut mengalami peningkatan akibat dari biaya produksinya yang semakin tinggi, yang merupakan dampak dari adanya penurunan kurs dollar terhadap rupiah.
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Judul: Optimasi Produk Kertas: Studi Kasus di PT. Pindo Deli Pulp and Paper Unit Paper Machine 12, Karawang Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Konsumsi kertas domestik yang terus meningkat merupakan suatu faktor penting yang merangsang pertumbuhan industri pulp dan kertas di Indonesia, namun ketersediaan bahan baku kayu yang terbatas menghambat pertumbuhan tersebut. Situasi ini membuat industry pulp dan kertas perlu melakukan efisiensi dalam proses produksinya. Salah satu teknik yang dapat digunakan adalah program linier. Teknik ini dapat menentukan kombinasi optimum produk yang dihasilkan sekaligus mengoptimalkan alokasi penggunaan sumberdaya, seperti bahan baku kayu, kapasitas produksi, waktu penggunaan mesin, dan kapasitas mesin untuk mendapatkan keuntungan yang maksimum. Penelitian ini dilakukan di PT. Pindo Deli Pulp and Paper Unit Paper Machine 12 yang menghasilkan 6 jenis produk kertas seperti, Brief Card (BC), Base Paper (BP), Drawing Paper (DP), Wood Free (WF), Pre Print (PPR), dan Stiffner Board (SB). Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa apabila teknik program linier diterapkan akan meningkatkan jumlah produksi sebesar 18% dan keuntungan sebesar 72%.
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Judul: DNA Extraction and Characterization of Salmonella‟s Lytic Bacteriophage Genome
Abstrak: Bacteriophages are ubiquitous in nature and are known to proliferate wherever their bacterial hosts exist. Their virion particles can exist independently outside the host, however all phages are need their host to propagate. Several phages are highly specific to host cell surface receptors and any slight changes in structure results in little or no interaction between the phage and its host. Salmonella‟s phage isolated from sewage water where their bacteria exist. Three isolated of phages (phages 15, 19 and 38) were used in this research that concentrated using three types of methods. PEG/ NaCl method was firstly used to concentrate the phages based on their molecular weight to precipitate the phage particles during centrifugation. The second method was Scraping Plaque method. In this method, overlay plaques were scraped and collected in SM buffer to get phage concentrates. Enrichment method was the last method used to concentrate the phages. Phage genome isolation was done using two methods i.e. EDTA/SDS and Proteinase K methods. The first method was done using DNase I to eliminate bacterial DNA followed by SDS/EDTA treatment to release phages DNA and phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol to extract the DNA. DNA was collected by isopropanol extraction. While in Proteinase K method, bacterial DNA was eliminated by DNase I and Proteinase K/SDS was used to degrade phages capsids and ethanol for DNA precipitation. The result showed that PEG/NaCl method resulted the highest phage concentration for phage 15 and phage 19, while scrapping method was the highest for phage 38. The quantity and purity of extracted DNA were low for PEG/NaCl and Scraping methods, while Enrichment method was higher indicated higher purity. Run on agarose gel electrophoresis of extracted DNA confirmed that Enrichment method results were the best while scraping and PEG/NaCl method was appeared smear background. Based on DNA genome size determination, the bacteriphages of Salmonella sp were comparable with other study of Salmonella phages. Phage P15 with genome size of 39,5 kb was close to phage epsilon15. Phage P19 with genome size of 41 kb was close to phage ST160. And phage P38 with genome size of 48,5 kb was close to phage Gifsy-1.
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