Judul: Cost Optimization on Athletes' Food Menu Scheduling using Goal Programming
Abstrak: Penjadwalan menu makanan atlet dengan optimalisasi biaya merupakan bentuk alokasi makanan yang bertujuan mengoptimalkan performa atlet dan mengoptimalkan biaya yang dibutuhkan untuk menjadwalkan menu makanan atlet setiap hari. Hal terpenting dalam menjadwalkan menu makanan seorang atlet adalah periodisasi gizi. Periodisasi ini sangat berguna untuk mendukung program pelatihan fisik yang memerlukan perencanaan, seperti asupan zat gizi makro dan mikro harian atlet yang disesuaikan berdasarkan jenis latihan dan komposisi tubuh. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan menjadwalkan menu makanan atlet untuk memenuhi kebutuhan zat gizi makro dan mikro harian atlet. Pada penelitian ini, metode goal programming digunakan untuk mengoptimalkan biaya dalam penjadwalan menu makanan atlet. Variabel deviasi dalam goal programming mengukur kekurangan atau kelebihan nilai suatu variabel dari batas idealnya. Implementasi model pada penelitian ini menggunakan software LINGO 19.0. Dari hasil implementasi diperoleh berat dan jenis makanan yang dipilih untuk dikonsumsi atlet setiap hari yang memenuhi kebutuhan gizi dengan kelebihan biaya sesedikit mungkin., Cost Optimization on Athletes' Food Menu Scheduling using Goal Programming. Supervised by FARIDA HANUM and TONI BAKHTIAR. Scheduling the athlete's food menu with cost optimization is a form of food allocation that aims to optimize the athlete's performance and optimize the costs needed to schedule the athlete's diet every day. The most important thing in scheduling an athlete's diet is nutritional periodization. This periodization is very useful to support physical training programs that require planning, such as the athlete's daily intake of macro and micro nutrients that are adjusted based on the type of exercise and body composition. Therefore, this study aims to schedule the athlete's diet to meet the athletes' daily macro and micronutrient needs. In this study, the goal programming method was used to optimize costs in scheduling athletes' food menus. Variable deviation in goal programming measures the lack or excess of the value of a variable from its ideal limit. The implementation of the model in this study uses the LINGO 19.0 software. From the results of the implementation, it is found that the weight and type of food chosen for athletes to consume every day that meets nutritional needs with as little excess cost as possible.
Keyword: athlete, cost optimization, food menu, goal programming, scheduling

Judul: Cost Optimization in Obesity Meal Scheduling Using Integer Nonlinear Programming
Abstrak: Penjadwalan menu makanan penderita obesitas merupakan masalah yang sering dihadapi oleh banyak orang. Penjadwalan ini perlu memperhatikan beberapa hal seperti, jumlah energi yang masuk, kebutuhan makronutrisi, kebutuhan mikronutrisi, dan keseimbangan asupan makanan. Dalam penelitian ini disusun model penjadwalan makanan dengan prinsip defisit kalori yang dilakukan dengan mengatur pola makan dengan cara membatasi jumlah asupan kalori harian. Penderita obesitas dalam penelitian ini diklasifikasikan menjadi 4 kelompok, yaitu obesitas ringan dewasa laki-laki, obesitas ringan dewasa perempuan, obesitas berat dewasa laki-laki, dan obesitas berat dewasa perempuan. Masalah ini dimodelkan dalam bentuk integer nonlinear programming dengan tujuan meminimumkan biaya makan per hari. Dari hasil implementasi model, diperoleh 4 hari penjadwalan menu makanan untuk penderita obesitas dan 5 kali waktu makan dengan biaya paling minimum yang memenuhi kendala-kendala dalam penjadwalan menu diet obesitas untuk orang dewasa menggunakan metode defisit kalori., Meal scheduling for obese people is an important matter. This scheduling needs to pay attention to several things, such as the amount of incoming energy, macronutrient needs, micronutrient needs, and the balance of meal intake. In this study, we developed a food scheduling model with the principle of a calorie deficit carried out by adjusting eating patterns by limiting daily calorie intake. In this study, we classified obesity into four groups, mildly obese adult males, mildly obese adult females, severely obese adult males, and severely obese adult females. This problem is modeled in integer nonlinear programming to minimize the cost of meals per day. Results of the model obtained that four days of scheduling meal menus for obesity and five-times meals with minimal cost meets the constraints in diet menus for obese adults using the calorie deficit method.
Keyword: calorie deficit, integer nonlinear programming, meal scheduling, obesity

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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