Judul: Antiatherosclerosis capacity of zn-chlorophyll derivatives from cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Crank) on experimental rabbit
Abstrak: Green vegetables contain much chlorophyll which has a potency as functional component of fwd. Previous studies showed that chlorophyll could act as antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammation, antigenotoxic, anticlastogenic, and antimutagenic. There are no reports on the toxic effect of chlorophyll or its derivatives in humans. The objectives of this research were (1) to determine the chlorophyll content of some green vegetables; (2) to study the formation of zinc (Zn) complex of chlorophyll derivatives at 4 levels of ion Zn2'; (3) to study the physical characteristics of Znchlorophyll derivatives; (4) to study the effect of Znchlorophyll derivatives on atherosclerosis of experimental rabbits; and (5) to study the effect of Zn-chlorophyll derivatives on the histopathological change in the liver and kidney of experimental atherosclerotic rabbits. The hypothesis of the research were (1) the color of Zn-chlorophyll derivatives was more stable and bright than native chlorophyll; (2) Zn-chlorophyll derivatives could prevent increasing of serum cholesterol level of experimental rabbits; (3) Znchlorophyll derivatives could prevent the fomation of lession on aorta of experimental rabbits; and (4) Znchlorophyll derivatives could prevent the development of fatty liver and protein precipitation on glomerular of experimental rabbit's kidney. The research was divided into four stages, that were, (1) determination of chlorophyll content of 10 kinds of green vegetables and 2 kinds of grasses, (2) extraction of chlorophyll from cassava leaves, preparation of chlorophyll derivatives and production of complex of Zn-chlorophyll derivatives, (3) evaluation of serum lipid profile of experimental rabbits given feed containing complex powder of Zn-chlorophyll derivatives, and (4) evaluation of lession on aorta and histopathological evident in the liver and kidney of experimental rabbits given feed containing complex powder of Zn-chlorophyll derivatives. The chlorophyll content of 10 kinds of green vegetables and 2 kinds of grasses (Amaranthus tricolor, lpomoea aqualytica, Manihot esculenta, Saumpus androgynus, Brassica chinensis, Vigna anguiculata, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pilea trinervia, Lactuca sativa, Ocinum americanum, Pennisetum purpureum and lmperata cylindrica) were analysed. The result of analysis showed that cassava leaves have highest chlorophyll content (3967.5 pglg) than others green vegetables (224.6 - 2202.0 pglg) and grasses (2326.3 - 2673.2 pglg). Therefore, chlorophyll was extracted from fresh cassava leaves usiqg ethanol 95%, and then a complex of Zn-chlorophyll derivatives was made. Zn-chlomph~ll derivatives were made by adding 0 ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm and 200 ppm of ion Zn ' as Zn-acetate dihydrate ((CH3C00)2Zn.2Hz0) to chlorophyll extract. After addition of dextrin, powder of Znchlorophyll derivatives were obtained by spray drying. Added 200 ppm of ion zn2' to chlorophyll extract yielded the best characteristics (color, water content, ash content, total zinc content, pH, and solubility) of Zn-chlorophyll derivatives
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Judul: IPB (Bogor Agricultural University)
Abstrak: Hypercholesterolemia and LDL oxidation are the major factors of atherosclerosis. The ethanol extract of the ginger (EEG) and Zn each posses effect reduce cholesterol and antioxidant. These research combined EEG and Zn as antihypercholesterolemia and antioxidant to prevent atheroma in New Zealand white fed rabbits atherogenic diet and hypercholesterolemia rabbits. Twenty eight male rabbits were divided into seven groups. For 6 weeks, group 1 was fed with a normal diet and group 3 was fed with an atherogenic diet. Beside the atherogenic diet, group 2,4,5,6, and 7 were also treated by supplementary treatment. Second phase research, 24 male hypercholesterolemia rabbits were divided into 6 groups. For 6 weeks, group 1 was fed with a normal diet. Fed rabbits atherogenic diet group 2,4,5,6, and 7 and hypercholesterolemia rabbits group 2,3,4,5, and 6 were treated by supplementary treatment, which are Zn 6.67 mg/kg, EEG 200 mg/kg, combination EEG 50 mg/kg and Zn 6.67 mg/kg, combination EEG 100 mg/kg and Zn 6.67 mg/kg, and atorvastatin (positive control) 1.9 mg/kb BW per day. Combination EEG 50 mg/kg and Zn 6.67 mg/kg and combination EEG 100 mg/kg and Zn 6.67 mg/kg treatment impeded the increase of total cholesterol, LDL, and prevent atheroma equal to the positive control. Based on the ability to restrain the increase of MDA (lipid peroxidation) in fed rabbits atherogenic diet the treatment with combination EEG 50 mg/kg and Zn 6.67 mg/kg resulted higher than positive control or the other treatment. Based on reduced plaque atheroma in hypercholesterolemia rabbits, combination EEG 50 mg/kg and Zn 6.67 mg/ kg treatment also the best result. These researches concluded that combination EEG 50 mg/kg and Zn 6.67 mg/kg BW per day treatment exhibited the highest atheroma prevention effect in fed rabbits atherogenic diet or hypercholesterolemia rabbits as compared to the positive control or the other treatments.
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Judul: Pola Pernikahan Masyarakat Batak Karo di Perantauan
Abstrak: Pernikahan adalah budaya yang tidak akan pernah berhenti, pernikahan akan terjadi secara berkelanjutan Dasarnya, karena pernikahan merupakan kebutuhan biologis manusia. Indonesia adalah negara yang kaya akan budaya dan etnis. Setiap suku di Indonesia mempunyai tata cara/adat istiadat dalam pelaksanaan pernikahan itu sendiri. Begitupun dengan suku Batak karo yang mempunyai sendiri tata cara pelaksanaan pernikahan. Seiring dengan perkembangan zaman Karo Banyak masyarakat yang merantau ke berbagai daerah di Indonesia, salah satunya Bogor berjalan-jalan. Masyarakat Karo yang merantau ke wilayah Bogor pada umumnya akan berusaha melakukan adaptasi ke negara tempat tinggal baru. Keadaan ini juga terjadi pada perkawinan Karo dalam pola adaptasi di Bogor. Namun adaptasi pernikahan masyarakat Karo di Bogor berupaya menjaga nilai-nilai budaya Karo dan sakralisme perkawinan. Mereka do Karo Dimodifikasi pada pola perkawinan, dengan tetap menjaga nilai budaya pernikahan.
Keyword: Weddings Karo, Adaptation marriage patterns, Attitudes