Judul: Isolasi Xantorizol dari Temulawak Terpilih Berdasarkan Nomor Harapan
Abstrak: Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) termasuk ke dalam famili Zingiberaceae, yang secara empiris banyak digunakan sebagai obat untuk mengatasi batu empedu, batu ginjal, demam, kolesterol tinggi, nyeri haid, nyeri sendi, pelancar ASI, sembelit, dan eksim. Banyaknya ragam manfaat temulawak baik untuk obat tradisional maupun fitofarmaka adalah karena rimpangnya mengandung komponen aktif utama yang berkhasiat, yaitu kurkuminoid dan minyak atsiri. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komponen aktif utama dalam minyak atsiri temulawak yang juga merupakan senyawa khas dari rimpang temulawak adalah xantorizol. Kandungan dan komposisi senyawa aktif, termasuk xantorizol, pada temulawak yang merupakan hasil metabolisme sekunder dari tanaman sangat bergantung pada interaksi antara sifat genetik tanaman dan kondisi agrobiofisik tanaman yang meliputi iklim, media tanam (jenis tanah), dan ketinggian. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan nomor harapan temulawak A atau F koleksi Balittro yang terbaik berdasarkan kandungan xantorizol yang tinggi, menentukan kondisi lingkungan agrobiofisik yang menghasilkan tingkat bahan aktif tinggi, dan memperoleh metode pemisahan baru yang dapat mengisolasi xantorizol dengan hasil yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan metode terdahulu (metode Hwang) yang berhasil mengisolasi xantorizol dari fraksi etil asetat ekstrak metanol sebanyak 0.2% (b/b) dari rimpang temulawak kering.
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Judul: Isolasi dan Pemurnian Xantorizol dari Temu Lawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.)
Abstrak: Xanthorrhizol is the main active component in the essential oil of temu lawak (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb.). Xanthorrhizol has antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Xanthorrhizol is isolated by Asriani (2010) using solvent extraction (ethanol 96%), acetylation, Preparative Thin Layer Chromatography (PTLC), and deacetylation, which produce xanthorrhizol with 99% purity. The xanthorrhizol obtained is not pure because there are still other compounds in the mixture. This research perfoms xanthorrhizol isolation using three different modifications based on Asriani’s method. The modified method I conducts two-times extraction: ethanol and hexane extractions. The modified method II conducts three-times extraction: ethanol, hexane, and diethyl ether extractions. The modified method III conducts two-times extraction using ethanol and hexane as solvents, and also conduct PTLC phase II in order to extract the deacetylated product. The modification method I and II produce xanthorrhizol with purity 78.1 and 80.1 % for ethanol extract, and 80.1 and 88.1 % for hexane extract, respectively. Modified method III is able to isolate xanthorrhizol with the highest purity, i.e. 94.3%. GC-MS analysis to the product shows that one of the two peaks appeared at the retention time of 11.44 minutes with an area of 94.3% and MW 218.0 is xanthorrhizol. The results from all of these modified methods were lower than Asriani’s method, which comes to the conclusion that Asriani’s method is better and more efficient.
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Judul: Dynamics Model for Rural and Urban Economic Growth
Abstrak: Lewis theory of structural change has focused on mechanisms that allow countries to transform their domestic economic structure to a more modern economy. The proposed model deals with the mechanism of interaction between rural and urban Economic. This model is concerned with the process of labor transfer from rural to urban areas. This study aims to model the dynamics of economic growth in rural and urban areas, including determining the equilibrium solution and to carry out simulation of the model. The simulation results show that the transfer of labor from rural to urban areas will increase the rate of change of capital so that structural changes can be realized. In addition, increased propensity to save in rural areas will also accelerate structural change
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