Judul: Modifikasi Incinerator untuk Meningkatkan Faktor Keamanan Saat Pengoperasian
Abstrak: Modifikasi incinerator rancangan Pradipta (2011) diperlukan untuk meningkatkan faktor dan kinerja alat. Modifikasi didasarkan pada hasil penelitian Pradipta (2011) dan penelitian pendahuluan. Modifikasi dilakukan dengan menginsulasi dinding incinerator setebal 2.2 cm menggunakan glasswool, mengubah tinggi cerobong dari 117.5 cm menjadi 200 cm, membuat penyangga pada sistem loading menggunakan pipa dengan diameter 0.5 inchi sepanjang 60 cm, menambah jumlah lubang udara dari 25 lubang menjadi 31 lubang, dan memanfaatkan panas pada ruang pengendapan zat padat untuk memanaskan air menggunakan pipa sepanjang 414 cm dengan diameter 0.5 inchi. Modifikasi yang dilakukan berhasil menurunkan suhu dinding incinerator dimana suhu tertinggi 337.3 °C menjadi 61.4 °C dan rata-ratanya menjadi 42.6 °C dari 114.3 °C sehingga aman bagi operator. Tinggi cerobong setinggi 2 m berhasil membuat asap tidak turun ke bawah sehingga tidak mengganggu kinerja operator dan lingkungan sekitar. Hasil uji kinerja menunjukkan kinerja incinerator mengalami penurunan pada suhu ruang pembakaran. Rata-rata suhu ruang bakar turun dari 212.9 °C menjadi 195.9 °C walaupun suhu tertinggi mencapai 718.2 °C lebih tinggi dibandingkan sebelum dimodifikasi (596.8 °C).
Keyword: incinerator, keamanan, kinerja

Judul: Modification design of incinerator multifunction continue type
Abstrak: Incinerator is an equipment to incinerate trashes with high temperature control to ensure that the combustion process was done completely. The previous design of batch type incinerator which has been designed by Pradipta (2011) has some disadvantages, such as heat transfer system, loading and unloading system, air supply system and utilization of heat energy. So, those design should be modified to improve its performance. The performance parameters of incinerator are temperature of combustion, the rate of combustion, quality of exhaust gases, safety factor, and utilization of heat energy. Modified incinerator has eight sections (combustion chamber, chimney, air inlet, hopper, boundary plate, ash chamber, charcoal chamber, and water heater pipe). The performance test shows that the highest combustion temperature is 689.6 ⁰C, with combustion rate 5.78 kg / hour. The incinerator is safe for operator and the exhaust gasses has good quality. Utilization of thermal energy could increasing water temperature up to 32 ⁰C. Air inlet position was not in the proper place, so combustion temperature could not reach as high as expected. Therefore it need improvement.
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Judul: Biology Of Columbia Lance Nematode (Hoplolaimus Columbus Sher) On Soybean Excised Root Culture
Abstrak: S. Supramana, S. A. Lewis,.J. D. Mueller, B. A. Fortnum, and R. E. Ballard. 2001. Biology of Columbia lance nematod. ~ (Hoplolaimus columbus Sher) on soybean excised root culture. Nematropica 31 :283-2~)O. Feeding, egg development and oviposition, embryology, and postembtyonic development or Hoplolaimus col'lmbuswere observed on soybean (cultivar Hutcheson) excised root culture in Gam borg's B5 medium (pH 5.7,1.3% agar). Petri plate sterile cultures were placed inverted on a heated microscope stage (30°C) and observations were conducted using a color video camera and a time lapse digital videoca:;sette recorder. Oocytes were obsetved in each gonad 38 hours after feeding commenced and all egg possessing a terminal stalk was laid 96 hours later. Eggs were deposited it, the one-celled stag~ and a total of 217 hours (9 days) was required for a"newly laid egg to develop into a hatching second-stage juvenile at 30°C. Postembryonic development consisted of threejuvenile stages and an adult female with prior feeding occurring before molts and oviposition. The nematode fed ectoparasiticallyon the subepidermal cells and endoparasitically in the cortex and outer vascular tissue and remained at the infection site for 2·9 days. Key words: Columbia lance nematode, embryology, excised root culture, feeding behavior, HOfilo{aimus columbus, life cycle, oviposition, postembryonic development, soybean.
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