Judul: Dinamika inflasi Indonesia pada tataran provinsi
Abstrak: Indonesia never experience any annual deflation for more than forty years. After being strucked by the 1998 economic crisis, Indonesia introduced two fundamentals policies, those are the exchange rate rearrangement in 1999 and the decentralization policy in 2001. Following the implementation of those policies, there are some changes of policy or non-policy variables that would be responded by various level of inflation among regions in Indonesia. This research aim to examine the policy and non-policy variables affecting Indonesian inflation dynamics at provincial level. After utilizing the method of dynamic panel data with spatial and non-spatial approaches, this research found that during the period of 2000-2009, inflation dynamics are likely affected by non-policy variables, such as inflation inertia, exchange rate volatility, and the simultaneous changes of infrastructure conditions and trade openness. Some policy variables such as salary adjustment of government employee, adjustment of domestic oil price and interest rate adjustment are also affecting the inflation dynamics. It is suggest that central bank together with government develop system to support inflation-forecast targeting. In order to decrease exchange rate pass through, government can propose import substitution, nationality suasion to use domestic product and the obligation for proposing a new establishment’s permission to use a local base or domestic material in the most. It is also suggest that central government sets the domestic oil prices adjustment periodically to minimize bad impact of unanticipated expectation of the policy, beside that, salary adjustment of government employee must be set carefully to avoid higher inflation expectation. Further more, in the way of interest rate adjustment and targeting inflation, central bank should construct an accurately forecast to raise their credibility. Last, central and local government must concern about the improvement of the infrastructure condition and simplification of regulation which related to business environment.
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Judul: Analisis Dinamika Inflasi di Indonesia: Pendekatan Sisi Penawaran
Abstrak: Stability of inflation becomes a main target of every country, including Indonesia. A shock on demand and supply may lead to fluctuation of inflation. Many economists have stated that cost push inflation is the main problem of inflation in developing country. This shock on supply will affect the price level in provinces of Indonesia. A static panel data with cross section data of 33 provinces and time series data of 2008-2012 is used in this research in order to analyze the relation between cost push inflation and regional inflation in Indonesia. The result of this research shows a positive and significant relation between cost push inflation variable and regional inflation in Indonesia, except the main goods price. The cost push inflation variable which has the bigest influence towards regional inflation compared to another variable is the administered price Variabel. Dynamics of inflation has a strong relation with cost of living. The result of this research also shows that provinces with high cost of living are not always followed by the rise of a high cost of living, for example in Jakarta and Papua Province.
Keyword: The rise of high cost of living, Static Data Panel, Dynamics Inflation, Cost of Living, Cost Push Inflation

Judul: Light Microscope Study of ConnectiveTissue in The Spleen of Common Rousette Bat (Rousettus amplexicaudatus)
Abstrak: The spleen is the largest lymphoid organ. As a secondary lymphoid organ, in addition to its immune function, the spleen also has functions as blood filtration, storage, and hematopoiesis. The spleen has different morphologies between species that support different physiological functions, one of which is the difference in the structure of the capsule and trabeculae. Capsule and trabeculae of the spleen generally consist of connective tissue and smooth muscle. The thickness of smooth muscle composed together with connective tissue in the capsule and trabecula determines the function of the spleen that is divided spleen into three storage, defense, and intermediate. Bats are the reservoir of various zoonotic diseases. Bats are thought to have unique immune systems compared to other mammals but the characteristics of its immune organs such as the spleen have never been studied before. This study was conducted to examine the characteristics of capsulae and trabecula of the Common Rousette (Rousettus amplexicaudatus).
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