Judul: Land cover changes and its relation to the habitat of the dolphin (Orcaella brevirostris) in Segara Anakan, Cilacap, Central Java
Abstrak: Segara Anakan merupakan muara dari beberapa sungai besar (Sungai Citanduy, Cibeureum dan Cikonde). Aliran sungai tersebut membawa partikel tanah ke muara sungai yaitu ke Laguna Segara Anakan (LSA). Daerah mangrove bisa menjadi sangat luas karena terbentuknya delta baru yang memiliki struktur tanah berlumpur akibat penumpukan sedimen. Terdapat spesies langka dan dilindungi yang terancam punah di Laguna Segara Anakan, yaitu pesut (Orcaella brevirostris). Spesies tersebut dapat punah karena kehilangan habitatnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keterkaitan antara perubahan tutupan lahan di Segara Anakan dengan habitat pesut. Perubahan tutupan lahan diklasifikasikan menggunakan metode visual dan digital (supervised classification), sedangkan keterkaitannya dengan habitat pesut dibahas secara deskriptif. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa tutupan lahan mangrove mengalami penyusutan sebesar 9523,77 ha sedangkan perairan mengalami penyusutan sebesar 5132,38 ha selama kurun waktu 42 tahun. Degradasi mangrove yang dibarengi konversi lahan mangrove menjadi tutupan lahan lainnya (lahan terbuka, permukiman dan lahan terbangun) telah mengakibatkan penyusutan perairan di Segara Anakan sebesar 70,10% yang merupakan habitat pesut (O. brevirostris)., Segara Anakan is the estuary of several major rivers (Citanduy, Cibeureum and Cikonde rivers). The flow of the river carries soil particles to the mouth of the river. Mangrove areas can be very large because of the new delta which has a muddy soil structure due to the accumulation of sediment. There is a rare and protected species that is threatened with extinction in the Segara Anakan Lagoon, namely irrawaddy dolphin (Orcaella brevirostris). These species can become extinct due to loss of their habitat. This study aims to analyze the relation between land cover changes in Segara Anakan and the dolphin habitat. Land cover changes were classified using visual and digital methods (supervised classification), then the relation to irrawaddy dolphin habitat was discussed descriptively. The results show that the mangrove land cover has decreased by 9523,77 ha while the waters have decreased by 5132,38 ha over a period of 42 years. Mangrove degradation and the conversion of mangrove land into other land covers (open land, settlements and built-up land) has resulted in a 70,10% reduction in the waters of Segara Anakan which is the habitat of the dolphin (O.brevirostris).
Keyword: irrawaddy dolphin habitat, mangrove, remote sensing, land cover changes, Segara Anakan

Judul: Kajian Degradasi Ekosistem Mangrove Terhadap Populasi Polymesoda erosa di Segara Anakan, Cilacap
Abstrak: Segara Anakan is an unique ecosystem with lagoons, mangrove and lowland. Segara Anakan located in the southerncoast of Java Island at 07°34'29 .42 "S - 07º47'32.39" S and 108º46'30.12"E-109°03'21.02"E. Mangroves is inhabited by typical mangrove ecosystem biotas, ones of which is clams. Clam is one of major components in the mangrove’s soft sediment community. One of biota living in mangrove ecosystem is Polymesoda erosa called “totok” or “kepah” in local name. The species is valuable both economically and ecologically. In the other side, degradation occurred in mangrove Segara Anakan. The economic demands of growing population at Segara Anakan are continuously increasing. Resulting in various human activities which strongly alter and deteriorate environmental conditions for the flora and fauna. These activities include mangrove cutting, reclamation of agricultural land and urbanisation. They are responsible for the destruction of almost half of the mangrove area. This study has four main objectives that include the following: (1) to determine degradation of mangrove in Segara Anakan; (2) to determine population condition of P. erosa in Segara Anakan; (3) to analyze its relationship with mangrove degradation in Segara Anakan; (4) to determine utilization of P. erosa in Segara Anakan. Purposive Sampling was used to collect the clams data and plots sampling techniques were applied to obtain vegetation data. Average of P. erosa abundance ranged from 9.83 + 4.68 ind/m2. Age distribution was presented as histograms and assumed be equal to length of shell. Dominant sizes were from 4.6 – 5.8 cm. The distribution pattern determined by variance index shows aggregate distribution. Very weak correlation was found between P. erosa and mangrove that indicates not connected directly. Tree category was dominated by Nypa fructicans. Sapling category was dominated by Rhizophora apiculata and Acanthus ebracteatus, Acanthus ilicifolius for seedlings, shrubs and herbs. Based on GIS analysis, mangrove area in Segara Anakan was 8036.9 ha. P. erosa strongly correlates to environmental components based PCA namely water content of soil, temperature and light intensity. People utilized P. erosa as source of food, income and land hoard.
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Judul: Sintesis Timbal Zirkonat Titanat (Pb(ZrxTi(1-x))O3) dengan Metode Lelehan Garam: Pengaruh Suhu dan Waktu Sintering
Abstrak: Timbal zirkonat titanat (Pb(ZrxTi(1-x))O3, x = 0.52) atau PZT merupakan suatu bahan keramik perovskit yang memiliki sifat piezoelektrik sangat baik dibandingkan bahan lainnya. Ukuran bahan ini sangat penting untuk aplikasi ultrasonografi, sehingga diperlukan metode sintesis yang dapat mengendalikan ukuran PZT, salah satunya adalah metode lelehan garam. Metode ini dapat mengendalikan ukuran partikel dengan meragamkan parameter sintesis, seperti suhu dan waktu sintering. Pembentukan PZT diawali dengan reaksi PbO dan TiO2 membentuk intermediet PbTiO3 lalu bereaksi dengan ZrO2 membentuk PZT. Produk sintesis dicirikan dengan difraktometer sinar-X, mikroskop elektron payaran, penganalisis ukuran partikel, dan adsorpsi Brunauer Emmett Teller. PZT dengan metode lelehan garam berhasil disintesis pada suhu sintering 775 °C selama 4 jam. Suhu dan waktu sintering tidak secara nyata memengaruhi ukuran partikel dan kristalinitas PZT. Partikel terkecil 659 nm diperoleh pada suhu sintering 875 °C selama 4 jam.
Keyword: lelehan garam, perovskit, piezoelektrik, PZT