Judul: Analysis of the Impact of  MICE Tourism Losses due to the COVID-19 Outbreak in Tangerang Regency
Abstrak: Pandemi COVID-19 yang terjadi sejak Maret 2020 ini telah membuat pola kehidupan baru yang berdampak ke berbagai sektor. Salah satunya pada industri MICE (Meeting, Incentive, Convention, and Exhibition) di Kabupaten Tangerang, berbagai kebijakan dikeluarkan pemerintah untuk mengurangi penyebaran virus ini. Kebijakan seperti pemberlakuan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB), penutupan penerbangan dan penutupan sementara hotel-hotel membuat sektor ini mengalami kerugian. Penelitian ini bertujuan dari penelitian ini adalah : (1) Mengetahui kebijakan yang diambil terkait pelaksanaan MICE terhadap adanya COVID 19, (2) Mengestimasi besar kerugian akibat adanya COVID-19 pada sektor MICE di Kabupaten Tangerang, (3)Mengidentifikasi risiko akibat COVID-19 terhadap sektor MICE di Kabupaten Tangerang, (4) Mengidentifikasi strategi dalam upaya pemulihan sektor MICE Tourism pasca COVID-19 di Kabupaten Tangerang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif, Loss of Earning dan penilaian risiko (risk assessment). Estimasi nilai kerugian ekonomi pada sektor MICE di Kabupaten Tangerang sebesar Rp196.301.895.078,00. Analisis risiko pada sektor MICE terdiri dari tiga risiko tinggi dan sembilan risiko menengah. Risiko tinggi mencakup tiga sub kategori pada risiko permintaan yaitu pembukaan semua fasilitas, wisatawan tidak taat protokol kesehatan dan wisatawan berkerumun. Strategi pemulihan sektor MICE yang perlu dilakukan yaitu melakukan penerapan CHSE (Cleanliness, Health, Safety and Environment Sustainability) di setiap hotel dan tempat penyelenggaraan kegiatan MICE lainnya serta meningkatkan kerjasama antara pemerintah, pelaku usaha dan masyarakat dalam melakukan strategi pemulihan MICE.
Keyword: descriptive analysis, government policy, lost income, risk assessment

Judul: Estimasi Kerugian Ekonomi Akibat Covid-19 Terhadap Kunjungan Wisatawan Di Kota Bogor
Abstrak: Tahun 2020 tepat di bulan Maret terjadi penurunan kunjungan wisatawan ke Kota Bogor karena pandemi Covid-19 dan dampak dari kebijakan PSBB (Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar). Situasi ketidakpastian di sektor pariwisata yang muncul akibat Covid-19 harus segera diselesaikan melalui mitigasi dan alokasi risiko. Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 juga memukul pelaku usaha di sektor pariwisata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Mengestimasi penurunan kunjungan wisatawan di Kota Bogor akibat adanya Covid-19 (2) Mengestimasi besar kerugian ekonomi pariwisata akibat adanya Covid-19 di Kota Bogor (3) Mengidentifikasi risiko terhadap pariwisata akibat Covid-19 di Kota Bogor (4) Mengidentifikasi langkah dan strategi yang dilakukan dalam pemulihan pariwisata di Kota Bogor. Metode yang digunakan yaitu pendapatan yang hilang, penilaian risiko, dan analisis deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan pandemi Covid-19 telah menyebabkan penurunan penerimaan sektor pariwisata pada objek wisata, restoran dan hotel. Risiko dengan kelas risiko tinggi adalah kategori risiko permintaan dan kelas risiko menengah pada kebijakan pemerintah dengan semua sub kategori. Langkah yang diambil untuk pemulihan pariwisata adalah meyakinkan bahwasanya pelaku usaha industri pariwisata dan pemerintah sudah mengaplikasikan standar keamanan serta kesehatan yang memadai., In March 2020 there was a decline in tourist visits to Bogor City due to the Covid-19 pandemic and the impact of the PSBB (Large-Scale Social Restrictions) policy. The situation of uncertainty in the tourism sector that has arisen due to Covid-19 must be solved immediately by means of mitigation and risk allocation. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic has also hit businesses in the tourism sector. This study aims to: (1) Estimate the decline in tourist visitor in Bogor City due to Covid-19 (2) Estimate the economic loss of tourism sector due to Covid-19 in Bogor City (3) Identify risks to tourism due to Covid-19 in Bogor City (4) Identify management steps and strategies in efforts to recovery tourism in Bogor City. This research uses the loss of earnings method, risk assessment, and descriptive analysis. The results of this study showed the Covid-19 pandemic has caused a decline in revenue in the tourism sector at tourism objects, restaurants and hotels. The risk with high risk class is the demand risk category and the medium risk class on government policies with all sub categories. The effort should be tourism recovery are to provide assurance that the government and tourism industry have implemented health and safety standards.
Keyword: descriptive analysis, loss of earnings, risk assessment

Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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