Judul: Kajian biaya manfaat program pengendalian dan pemberantasan brucellosis di Kabupaten Belu dan Kabupaten Kupang Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur
Abstrak: Belu district and Kupang district are endemic brucellosis area in East Nusa Tenggara Province. The present study evaluated of brucellosis control and eradication program in those districts using Cost Benefit Analysis. Brucellosis prevalence in Belu district 14,5% and Kupang district 2%. Two brucellosis control alternative programs were analyzed for Belu district: Program A was continuation of the present program (vaccination with average 57% coverage). Program B was intensive vaccination (80% coverage). Both programs were given positive NPV, B/C ratio > 1 and IRR which is higher than discount rate 15% and 20%, but implementation of Program B is more feasible (economic feasibility) than Program A while NPV and B/C ratio of Program B higher than Program A. Program B was also feasible from epidemiology aspect than Program A, because Program B will produce herd immunity that can reduce brucellosis prevalence. In Kupang district, two brucellosis alternative strategies were analyzed: Program A was continuation of the present program and Program B was intensive slaughtering of reactors for 6 years. Implementations of both programs were given positive NPV, B/C ratio > 1 and IRR which is higher than discount rate 15% and 20%. NPV of Program B was greater than Program A, but B/C ratio and IRR of Program A was greater than Program B, because of that, Program A was more economic feasibility than Program B. But, we chosen program which given greater beneficial both financial and non financial, and then by combine economy and epidemiology aspects, Program B was more suitable for Kupang district.
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Judul: Kajian Strategi Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Bruselosis di Kalimantan
Abstrak: The strategy of prevention and control of brucellosis has been implemented in Kalimantan and this province of Indonesia has been declare free of brucellosis in 2009. Cattle movement from brucellosis infected areas to Kalimantan poses a high risk of entry and spreading of brucellosis in this island. The purpose of this study is to analyse the strategy of prevention and control of brucellosis in Kalimantan. The study used a descriptive analysis including human resources, policy environment (fund and infrastructure) and policy system. The result of this study proves that AQA has been able to implement, monitor and control animal movement in Kalimantan in preventing new cases of brucellosis. Each AQA involved in sending and receiving cattle has adequate qualified human resources with sufficient knowledge and attitude related with brucellosis although the majority they never have additional training about brucellosis. Most of AQA already have enough funds and infrastructure to implement the strategy. Policy system in controlling cattle movement in relation with prevention of brucellosis has been implemented, but is not fully executed according to OIE. A total of 14 District veterinary services in this study that have a function to control brucellosis does not have enough veterinarian and para-veterinarian to implementing the strategy to control brucellosis in their area. In general, the district veterinary officer have sufficient knowledge and good attitude toward brucellosis, although the majority they never have additional training about brucellosis. Most of district veterinary services do not have funds and infrastructure related with strategy control of brucellosis. And also most of district veterinary services do not implemented yet the strategy of control of brucellosis which is based on the ministry of Agriculture and OIE.
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Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4