Judul: The Modernizations of Capture Fisheries and Fishers Welfare Level in Pangandaran Regency
Abstrak: Modernisasi perikanan merupakan peralihan cara-cara tradisional dengan teknologi yang lebih modern. Terdapat beberapa tahapan modernisasi perikanan tangkap yang dialami oleh para nelayan, seperti jumlah modal, kekuatan mesin, ukuran GT (gross ton), dan harga alat tangkap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana modernisasi perikanan tangkap yang terjadi di nelayan, menganalisis tingkat kesejahteraan nelayan, dan menganalisis hubungan tingkat kemodernan armada tangkap dan tingkat kesejahteraan nelayan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif melalui metode survei dengan didukung data kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam dan studi literatur. Penentuan responden penelitian sebanyak 60 orang dengan menggunakan teknik bola salju. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat empat periode proses modernisasi; dan pada saat ini kemodernan perikanan tangkap para nelayan di Pangandaran berada pada tingkat rendah, sedangkan tingkat kesejahteraan nelayan di Kabupaten Pangandaran terkategori sedang. Selanjutnya, terdapat hubungan yang kuat dan sangat nyata antara tingkat kemodernan perikanan tangkap dan tingkat kesejahteraan nelayan di Kabupaten Pangandaran. Adanya modernisasi berpengaruh terhadap perubahan sosial masyarakat pesisir, dimana semakin modernnya suatu armada tangkap, lambat laun dapat mengubah kehidupan sosial masyarakat nelayan itu sendiri khususnya pada tingkat kesejahteraan nelayan., Modernization of fisheries is the transition of traditional ways with more modern technology. There are several periods of modernization, such as the amount of capital, capacity of machine, size of gross ton, and fishing gear price. This research aims to analyze how the modernization of capture fisheries occurs in the fishers, to analyze the level of fishers welfare, and to analyze the relationship between the modernity level and fishers welfare level. The research used survey methods with quantitative approach were supported by qualitative data through in-depth interviews and literature studies. The respondents were 60 people with snowballing sampling. The results showed that there were four periods of the modernization process; and at this time the modernity of the fisher's capture fisheries in Pangandaran is at a low level, then the fishers welfare level in Pangandaran Regency is in the moderate category, and there was a significant correlation between the level of modernization capture fisheries and fishers welfare level. Modernization has an effect on social change in fishers, more modern a fishing fleet is, it can gradually change the social life of the fishers, especially at the level of fishers welfare.
Keyword: Fisherman, Modernization, Welfare

Judul: Social change and factors that related to the level of fishers’ welfare in Kendari City
Abstrak: Indonesia sebagai negara maritim yang memiliki kekayaan sumber daya laut yang berlimpah dapat dimanfaatkan dengan bijak untuk menyejahterakan masyarakat, sehingga dalam pemanfaatannya ini terdapat berbagai peraturan yang tertulis dan mengikat. Namun kekayaan sumber daya laut di Kota Kendari tidak menjamin kesejahteraan nelayan. Kesejahteraan nelayan berhubungan dengan beberapa faktor. Selain itu kesejahteraan nelayan juga berhubungan dengan adanya perubahan sosial. Perubahan sosial berdampak pada berbagai aspek kehidupan. Namun, dampak dari adanya perubahan sosial tidak melulu negatif, tetapi juga dapat memberikan dampak positif pada masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perubahan sosial dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan tingkat kesejahteraan nelayan di Kota Kendari. Metode penulisan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif melalui metode survei dan pendekatan kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam dan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perubahan sosial horizontal dan vertikal pada nelayan di Kota Kendari. Kemudian tingkat kesejahteraan nelayan di Kota Kendari terkategori sedang, selain itu faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan tingkat kesejahteraan nelayan di Kota Kendari ialah pengalaman melaut, jumlah tenaga kerja di kapal, tingkat modal finansial, ukuran kapal, dan biaya alat tangkap. Kata Kunci: Nelayan, Perubahan Sosial, Tingkat Kesejahteraan, Indonesia as a maritime country which has abundant marine resources can be used wisely for the welfare of the community, so that in this utilization there are various written and binding regulations. However, the wealth of marine resources in Kendari City does not guarantee the welfare of fishers’. Fishers' welfare is related to several factors. In addition, fishers’ welfare is also related to social changes. Social change has an impact on various aspects of life. However, the impact of social change is not only negative, but can also have a positive impact on society. This study aims to analyze social changes and factors that related to the level of fishers’ welfare in Kendari City. The writing method used is a quantitative approach through survey methods and qualitative approaches with in-depth interviews and literature studies. The results showed that there were horizontal and vertical social changes on fishers’ in Kendari City. Then the level of fishers’ welfare in Kendari City is categorized as moderate, besides that the factors related to the level of fishers’ welfare in Kendari City are fishing experience, the number of workers on board, the level of financial capital, the size of the ship, and the cost of fishing gear. Keywords: Fishers’, Social Change, Welfare Level
Keyword: Fishers’, Social Change, Welfare Level

Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4