Judul: Abundance and Potency of Endophytic Fungi to Suppress Yellow Leaf Curl Disease in Chilli Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.).
Abstrak: Incidence of yellow leaf curl diseases caused by Pepper yellow leaf curl begomovirus (PepYLCV) has become a major problem in chilli pepper growing area, especially in Java and Sumatra since early 2000. Disease incidence in the field may reach 20 % to 100% and the disease was obviously recognized by its unique symptoms involving bright yellow mosaic, mottle, curling, and stunting. A research was conducted to explore the potency of endophytic fungi as an alternative strategy to suppress PepYLC disease. Research activities consisted of 3 parts, i.e. (1) Isolation of endophytic fungi collected from chilli pepper plants at endemic area in Sleman, Yogyakarta; (2) Pathogenicity assay using chilli pepper seeds, and (3) Efficacy of selected endophytic fungi to suppress disease incidence. The result showed that diversity of endophytic fungi isolated from unsymptomatic plants were significantly higher than those from infected plants. There were 19 isolates of species identified from unsymptomatic plants; whereas 13 isolates from infected plants. Based on pathogenicity assay using 17 selected isolates, the endophytic fungi could be differentiated into 2 groups, i.e. pathogenic (13 isolates) and non-pathogenic (4 isolates). Further screening of non-pathogenic isolates showed that 4 isolates might have a potential as plant growth promoting fungi (PGPF) and 2 isolates, identified as Cercospora nicotianae and Pleosporaceae, might be recommended as bio-control agent. Endophytic fungi isolated in this study having potency as biocontrol agent was taken from low abundance population C. nicotianae was singleton and has potency as biocontrol agent for PepYLC disease.
Keyword: biocontrol agens, geminivirus, yellow leaf curl

Judul: Keefektifan Cendawan Endofit untuk Menekan Infeksi Chilli veinal mottle virus pada Tanaman Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.)
Abstrak: Chillipepper is an important horticultural commodity in Indonesia because of it’s economics and consumption value. Infection of Chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV) is a constraint to chillipepper production. This research is conducted to evaluate the potency of 3 isolates of endophytic fungi (H1, H5, and H12) to suppress ChiVMV infection and to improve growth of chillipepper. The endophytyic fungi was applied through seed treatment and leaf spray on chillipepper variety TM88. Virus inoculation was done mechanically and virus detection was conducted using Double Antibody Sandwich ELISA (DAS ELISA). Experiment was conducted using randomized complete design with 4 treatments of endophytic fungi i.e. fungi isolate H1, H5, aH12, and without endophytic fungi each with 3 replication. Observation was made for disease incidence, plant height, and root volume. Data analysis was conducted using ANOVA followed by Duncan test at 5%. ELISA absorbance value indicated that treatment of endophytic fungi (H1, H5, and H12) can suppress ChiVMV, although the disease incidence is still high. Endophytic fungi isolate H5 tends to improve plant growth showed by its potency to increase plant height up to 4 weeks after planting.
Keyword: 

Judul: Sintesis dan Pencirian Natrium Titanat (Na2Ti2O4(OH)2) Berbahan Dasar Titanium Dioksida
Abstrak: TiO2 can be utilized as basic material for synthesis of sodium titanate (Na2Ti2O4(OH)2). This research was purposed to synthesize and characterize sodium titanate from TiO2 rutile powder as a basic material. Sodium titanate was synthesized by hydrothermal process at temperature 130 °C by mixing TiO2 rutile powder with 5 M and 10 M NaOH solution, then each was calcinated at temperature 700 °C. The energy dispersive X-ray analysis showed that sodium titanate has been successfully synthesized. This result was also supported by functional group analysis with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrofotometer showing the existence of Ti-O-Na vibration band at 989.42 cm-1. The formation of sodium titanate was depend on the reaction condition such as temperature, reaction time, and NaOH concentration. Scanning electron microscope image indicated that sodium titanate synthesized at 130 °C in 20 hours reaction time with 10 M NaOH had crystal size of 99.37 nm.
Keyword: