Judul: Simulation of determination fan position for uniformity pattern  heat air flow at Greenhouse Effect (GHE) solar dryer rack type with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
Abstrak: Pengering Efek Rumah Kaca (ERK) adalah bangunan pengering berdinding transparan, di dalamnya terdapat plat absorber sebagai pengumpul panas dan wadah produk (rak atau bak) serta kipas untuk mengeluarkan uap air hasil pengeringan atau sebagai penyeragaman suhu di dalam pengering. Sumber energi pada pengering ERK diperoleh dari surya dan pembakaran biomassa. Masalah ketidakmerataan aliran udara panas di dalam ruang pengering, masih menjadi salah satu yang selalu terjadi. Pemecahan masalah ketidakmerataan aliran udara panas dapat dilakukan dengan metode Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensimulasikan aliran udara panas dalam ruang pengering, lalu memvalidasikan hasil tersebut dan memodifikasi posisi kipas untuk sebaran udara panas yang lebih seragam. Metode simulasi dengan CFD dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui pola aliran udara panas dalam pengering. Validasi suhu dilakukan pada pukul 08.00, 12.00 dan 16.00 dengan kondisi tanpa beban, menunjukkan hasil simulasi yang sesuai dengan kondisi nyata. Modifikasi posisi penempatan kipas menggunakan 5 skenario. Pada simulasi modifikasi dengan kondisi memakai beban pada pukul 12.00 hari pertama pengeringan. Menunjukkan bahwa modifikasi 5, yaitu posisi kipas pada outlet atas sebelah kiri dan kanan pengering memberikan hasil distribusi suhu udara pengering yang paling seragam.
Keyword: heat air flow, GHE, CFD

Judul: Penentuan Putaran pada Pengering Surya Tipe Rak Berputar dan Pemodelan Pengering dengan Metode Computational Fluid Dynamics
Abstrak: Greenhouse Effect (GHE) Solar Dryer is a transparent wall structure, consists of an absorber plate as solar collector, product holders (rack, tray or batch) that can be rotated vertically, and fans to discharge vapor evaporated from product The GHE solar dryer uses thermal energy source from the sun and biomass combustion. Un-uniformity of rack temperature problem can be solved by rotate the rack within the dryer. The aim of the study is to determine the properly of rack rotation and the temperature distribution by using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method. There are six scenarios of rack rotation condition to be simulated. The best result is scenario 5 at 135o with rotation per hour shown by the best uniformity of drying temperature indicated by the lowest temperature standar deviation. Validation of CFD result drying temperature whichis performed at eight and twelve o’clock without product, have shown similar trend to the experiment drying temperature distribution indicated by error value of 10%.
Keyword: Rack Temperature, GHE, CFD

Judul: Mitochondrial DNA Gene Organization and Phylogenetic Relationship of Naja siamensis
Abstrak: Naja siamensis is one of Asiatic cobra in the Family of Elapidae, known as a cryptic snake. It has many morphological variations that lead to misidentification. Misidentification can cause the wrong concept in developing antivenom types due to high snakebite cases occur in Thailand. Thus, an accurate species identification using a molecular approach is crucially required. Mitochondrial DNA has been used widely in snake molecular studies. These studies were aimed to determine the arrangement of the N. siamensis partial mitochondrial genes using reptile-oriented primers and to reveal the phylogenetic relationship among other species of Asian cobra. DNA extraction was carried out based on the standard DNA salting-out protocol and was conducted by bioinformatics analysis using BLASTn and MEGA 6 software. Gene annotation was performed against N. kaouthia complete genome. A total of 3121 bp of N. siamensis mtDNA genes were sequenced consisting of partial of six regions: 16S rRNA, ND1, tRNA-Ile, CRII region, tRNA-Leu, tRNA-Gln, and COI genes. The mtDNA gene organization of N. siamensis was predicted to has a similar pattern with the common Elapidae mtDNA gene organization. This study showed that there is a monophyletic form in Naja genus and N. kaouthia is the closest species with N. siamensis based on partial 16S rRNA and ND1 gene.
Keyword: 16S rRNA, Elapidae, ND1, phylogenetic relationship