Judul: Characteristics of Crab Gillnet and Bottom Gillnet at Karangantu Fishing port, Banten
Abstrak: Kegiatan penangkapan ikan dilakukan berdasarkan cuaca sehingga pendapatan yang diterima oleh nelayan tidak menentu sehingga terdapat hari-hari dimana nelayan tidak memiliki penghasilan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi sistem bagi hasil antara nelayan penggarap dengan nelayan pemilik, dengan terlebih dahulu mengidentifikasi kondisi eksisting nelayan penggarap yang termasuk nelayan kecil (≤5GT) terkait dengan dimensi kapal, biaya operasional dan pendapatan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui desain kapal jaring rampus dan rajungan memiliki perbedaan bentuk dimana kapal jaring rajungan berbentuk double pointed, sedangkan kapal jaring rampus berbentuk transom. Sitem bagi hasil antara pemilik kapal dan nelayan untuk unit penangkapan ikan jaring rajungan dan jaring rampus di PPN karangantu adalah sama. Hasil penjualan hasil tangkapan tiap trip setengah bagian diberikan kepada pemilik kapal setengah bagian lagi dikurangi baiaya operasional yang telah dikeluarkan trip oleh pemilik kapal kemudian dibagi jumlah ABK kapal, Fishing activities are carried out based on the weather so that the income received by fishermen is uncertain, there are days when fishermen do not have income because they cant go fishing. This research was conducted to identify a profit sharing system between tenant fishermen and owner fishermen, by first identifying the existing conditions of working fishermen, including small fishermen (≤5GT) related to ship dimensions, operating costs and income. Based on the research results, it is known that the design of Bottom Gillnet and Crab Gillnet has different shapes where the crab gillnet have double pointed shaped, while the bottom gillnet are transom shaped. The profit sharing system between boat owners and fishermen for small crab gillnet and bottom gillnet fisheries at PPN Karangantu is the same. Where the proceeds from the sale of the catch for each half part trip are given to the owner of the ship for the other half minus the operational costs that have been incurred by the trip by the ship owner then divided by the number of crew.
Keyword: Karangantu Banten, Jaring Rajungan, Jaring Rampus, Kapal Rajungan, Kapal Rampus, Profit Sharing, Fishing Boat Design, PPN Karangantu, Fisherman relationship

Judul: Fair Profit Sharing System between Fishermen and Boat Owners in Drift Gillnet at Karangantu Fishery Port
Abstrak: Kesejahteraan nelayan bergantung pada pendapatan dari hasil produksi operasi penangkapan ikan yang melewati sistem bagi hasil. Pendapatan nelayan jaring rampus rendah diduga sebagai akibat dari sistem bagi hasil yang belum berkeadilan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan kondisi bagi hasil saat ini, menganalisis pendapatan pemilik kapal dan nelayan, serta merumuskan sistem bagi hasil alternatif dengan mensimulasikannya melalui evaluasi UMP dan mempertimbangkan beban kerja, yaitu jam bekerja, risiko kerja, psikologis, dan kenyamanan bekerja. Penelitian dilakukan 29 Januari - 7 Februari 2024 dengan sampel penelitian sebanyak 22 kapal menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sistem bagi hasil saat ini 50% pemilik kapal dan 50% nelayan. Namun, pendapatan ABK saat musim sedang Rp 2.424.048 tidak mencapai UMP Banten Rp 2.661.280 dan mengalami kerugian saat musim paceklik. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan sistem bagi hasil alternatif dengan pertimbangan jam bekerja, risiko kerja, psikologis, dan kenyamanan bekerja. Hasil penelitian diperoleh proporsi 37% pemilik kapal dan 63% nelayan. Proporsi jaring rampus tersebut menunjukkan pendapatan nelayan saat musim sedang Rp 3.054.300 di atas UMP dan pendapatan bersih pemilik kapal Rp 7.222.605 tetap mendapat keuntungan Rp 4.584.461 di atas BEP. Namun, musim paceklik tetap mengalami kerugian sehingga dibutuhkan strategi pekerjaan alternatif saat musim panceklik pada penelitian berikutnya.
Keyword: jaring rampus, pendapatan, sistem bagi hasil

Judul: Sintesis Flavon dari Fenol dan Benzoil Klorida
Abstrak: Flavone is a class of flavonoid, commonly found in plants with wide bioactivity spectrum. A widely used flavone synthesis route is through acidcatalyzed oxidative cyclization of β-diketone. In this study, unsubstituted flavone had been synthesized via 5-step from phenol, with 22% yield and successfully increased the yield of previous study on Fries rearrangement of phenyl acetate and benzoylation of o-HAP steps. Phenol was acetylated resulting 93% phenyl acetate. AlCl3-catalyzed Fries rearrangement in 1.5 hour and at 120 °C converted phenyl acetate into o-hydroxyacetophenone (o-HAP) with 40% yield. AlCl3 as catalyst produced o-HAP with higher and reproducible yield compared with BF3·Et2O and ZnCl2. Benzoylation of o-HAP followed by Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement of the ester product using KOH in dried pyridine produced β-diketone 1-(2- hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropane-1,3-dione. The yield of ester and β-diketone were 71% and 85%, respectively. Finally, oxidative cyclization of β-diketone with sulphuric acid as catalyst produced 99% of flavone. The flavone product had been characterized spectroscopically and its melting point as well.
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