Judul: Desain Konseptual Mesin Penangkap dan Pengangkut Tandan Buah Sawit di dalam Kebun
Abstrak: In oil palm harvesting, falling fruit bunches have a considerable potential energy, which can be captured and used to power the wheelbarrow in evacuating the fruit bunches. This study was conducted to measure the coefficient of rolling resistance of a wheel barrow, analyze the potential energy of falling fresh fruit bunch, design a conceptual design of the catchment platform and evacuation machine. Measurement of wheel rolling resistance and soil penetration resistance were conducted at the evacuation track in the field. The energy potential of the falling fruit bunches was measured during harvesting, with variations of the fruit height of approximately 3 m, 8 m, 9 m and 15 m. The results showed that machine mobility in the field was very good. Soil penetration resistance was in the range of 16.44-22.10 kgf/cm2. Average coefficient of rolling resistance of the wheels was 0.159. Potential energy of falling fruit bunches were in the range of 0.44-4.44 kJ. Theoretical traveling distance of the wheel barrow using the captured potential energy was in the range of 2.27 m - 22.98 m. A conceptual design of catchment flatform and evacuation machine was designed.
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Judul: Design of Oil Palm Fresh Fruit Bunches Catchment Mechanism and Its Potential Energy Utilization
Abstrak: Pemanenan dan transportasi tandan buah segar kelapa sawit (TBS) merupakan kegiatan yang paling intensif dilakukan di perkebunan kelapa sawit. Secara umum, proses pemanenan dan evakuasi TBS dari dalam kebun menuju tempat pengumpulan hasil (TPH) masih dilakukan secara manual, dan menyisakan beberapa masalah. Beberapa masalah tersebut adalah terjadinya kerusakan fisik pada TBS yang cukup tinggi, dan masalah berondolan buah sawit yang tercecer saat pemanenan TBS. Kerusakan fisik yang terjadi pada TBS akan sangat mempengaruhi kualitas buah dan kualitas ekstraksi minyak sawit yang akan diproduksi. Sementara itu, waktu untuk mengumpulkan berondolan buah sawit yang tercecer adalah tidak sedikit sehingga akan menghambat kinerja dan kapasitas pemanenan. Dalam pemanenan kelapa sawit, tandan buah yang jatuh memiliki energi potensial yang cukup besar, yang dapat ditangkap dan digunakan sebagai daya penggerak angkong dalam mengevakuasi TBS. Sampai dengan saat ini belum ditemukan sebuah peralatan untuk menangkap TBS dan pada saat yang sama dapat menangkap dan memanfaatkan energi potensial dari tandan jatuh saat panen. Oleh sebab itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merancang mekanisme penangkap TBS, merancang mekanisme penyimpanan energi potensial jatuhnya TBS, merancang konsep pemanfaatan energi potensial jatuhnya TBS untuk menggerakkan roda gerobak dorong (angkong), serta mendapatkan data kinerja mesin yang telah dirancang., Harvesting and transportation of oil palm fresh fruit bunches (FFB) is the most intensive activity performed in oil palm plantations. Generally, harvesting and evacuation of FFB are still done manually, and leaves many problems. The problems have not been resolved to date, in harvesting FFB manually are the occurrence of physical damage on FFB is quite high, and considerable number of fruitlets that are detached (separated from the bunch). Physical damage that occurred on FFB will greatly affect the quality of the fruit and the quality of the extraction of palm oil to be produced. Collecting back scattered loose fruits also very tiring and takes a long time, thus inhibiting the activity of harvesting and reduce the capacity of harvesting. In oil palm harvesting, falling fruit bunches have a considerable potential energy, which can be captured and used to power the wheelbarrow in evacuating the fruit bunches. However, to date, there is no equipment to capture the FFB and at the same time capture and utilize the potential energy of the falling bunches during harvest. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to design a FFB catchment mechanism, to design the utilization of potential energy of falling FFB mechanisms, to design the concept of utilization of potential energy of falling FFB to drive the wheelbarrow, and to obtain performance data of machine that has been designed.
Keyword: catchment mechanism, harvesting, oil palm, potential energy, wheelbarrow

Judul: Durability of Specific Immunoglobulin (Ig) Y Againts Influenza and Covid-19 in Sunscreen
Abstrak: The benefit of specific immunoglobulin Y (Ig Y) as an active ingredient in personal care products such as sunscreen has not been properly studied. Our study aims to evaluate the reliability of specific IgY against influenza and the COVID-19 virus in a sample sunscreen product. Specific IgY influenza and COVID-19 viruses were inserted in the sample sunscreen at two concentrations of 0.1% and 0.25%. Three treatments were observed: control (C) sunscreen without IgY, treatment 1 (T1) sunscreen with 0.1% IgY, and treatment 2 (T2) sunscreen with 0.25% IgY. Organoleptic observations were carried out to monitor changes in aroma, color, and texture, and sunscreen sampling was done every week for 6 weeks. The durability of IgY was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a neutralization assay. Organoleptic observation from weeks 1 to 6 showed consistency in its aroma, color, and texture. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization assay (NA) results of the T1 and T2 groups showed negative results except for sample T1 at week 5, which showed a positive result in the Influenza A ELISA. Based on the results, it seems that IgY concentrations of 0.1% or 0.25% were not optimal. However, this negative result might be due to low concentration of the IgY and the presence of beeswax, which inhibits IgY and causes it to dissolve in distilled water, thus preventing it from being detected in the assay.
Keyword: Immunoglobulin Y, Sunscreen, Influenza, COVID-19, Biological Activity