Judul: Penyusunan Kriteria Kesesuaian dan Kajian Dampak Pengembangan Dam Parit terhadap Kondisi Hidrologis DAS Ciliwung Hulu
Abstrak: Channel reservoir is constructed to store and distribute water to the irrigated target area. The objectives were: a) characterize the parameters quality of the channel reservoir development, b) created design criteria for the suitability of the position and dimensions of individual channel reservoir in micro catchment, c) hydrological analysis for the determination of the channel reservoir capacities, quantity and distribution in watershed area, and d) to analysis the impacts of the channel reservoir development to the hydrology condition, land productivity and farmer’s income. Geologically the Cibogo sub watershed is dominated by volcanic rocks as the results of eruption of Gede-Pangrango Mountains. Physiographically the study area is classified into plated volcanic systems while the elongated hills is the dominant topography. The land use consist of: rice fields, settlements, mixed farms, tea gardens, dry land, scrub, pine forest and mixed forest. The soil is classified into Udhorthents, Hapludands, Eutrudepts, Dystrudepts, and Flufaquents. Soil Groups. Hydrologically Cibogo sub watershed has a network of rivers to upto 3th order, with a parallel drainage pattern, consists of four branches. The position and dimensions of individual channel reservoir have been prepared on the synchronization (matching) among quality/ characteristic parameters with the criteria for determining parameters. The position of channel reservoir is determined by 6 parameters: a) water availability, b) construction stability, c) accessibility, d) water distribution, e) water utilization, and 6) social condition. While the dimension is determined by: a) river cross-section, dimension of irrigation channel and irrigation target area. To simplify the process of evaluation the level of suitability and limiting factors in determining the position and dimensions DSS soft ware was developed. The soft ware is named “Expert System for the Position and Dimensions Suitability of the Individual Channel Reservoir Development (ESPADS-ICRD)”. Base on field investigation found that individual channel reservoir its influence to reducing the peaks discharge volume which between 13.2% - 48.5%, increase the land productivity from 1.5 to 2.0 to 3.0 of cropping index, and increasing the farmers income as much as 16.9 million rupiahs/ha/year. Base on historical 50 years record data of rainfall and Ciliwung river discharge’s, there are + 68 mm rain fall its equivalent to 23.4 m3 discharge with total volume 10,591,593 m3 of water must be harvested by channel reservoir construction. Its volume can be satisfied by constructing of + 663 units channel reservoirs which are spread on the second, third and fourth rivers order of upper Ciliwung watershed.
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Judul: Pengaruh perubahan penggunaan lahan terhadap karakteristik hidrologi DAS Citarum Hulu
Abstrak: Land use change in a certain area will affect hydrologic characteristic there, so that it can be used as a reference whether the area is critical. This research objective is to study the effect of land use change to hydrologic characteristic of Upstream Citarum Watershed. There are 5 sites observed in Upstream Citarum watershed: Cikapundung, Citarik, Cirasea, Cisangkuy, and Ciwidey. This research was carred out by analyzing data of rainfall, discharge, and runoff, and by observing land use map. The result of analysis was then linked and matched to the data of land use descriptively. The result of this research showed that Cisangkuy sub-watershed was the worst due to its hydrologic characteristic. It can be seen from its increase in discharge and relatively high runoff coefficient in 2008, compared to ones of 2003. This condition was caused by land use changes happened there, which were decreasing primary land dry forests area, and increasing settlement area and wet rice field.
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Judul: Transisi Fasa Materi Hadronik ke Materi Kuark pada Inti Bintang Neutron.
Abstrak: Bintang neutron terdiri dari beberapa lapisan yang disusun oleh materi nuklir yang berbeda dengan kerapatan yang semakin tinggi ketika mendekati pusat bintang. Inti luar bintang neutron disusun oleh materi hadronik (nukleon, lepton, dan hyperon), sedangkan inti dalam bintang neutron disusun oleh kuark-kuark bebas (up, down, strange) yang saling berinteraksi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari bagaimana transisi dari inti luar ke inti dalam bintang neutron dengan menggunakan pendekatan RMF (Relativistic Mean Field) untuk materi hadronik dan CIDDM (Confined Isospin Density Dependent Mass) untuk materi kuark. Tekanan transisi diperoleh ketika potensial kimia barion materi hadronik dan materi kuark bernilai sama. Nilai tekanan transisi dengan parameter SU6-TM1 sekitar 87 MeV/fm3 dan diperoleh massa maksimum bintang neutron yaitu 1.92M dengan jari-jari sekitar 8.62 km. Nilai tekanan transisi dengan parameter SU6-G2 sekitar 53 MeV/fm3 dan massa maksimum bintang neutron yaitu 1.88M dengan jari-jari sekitar 8.16 km. Jenis transisi fasa adalah orde satu ditandai dengan diskontinuitas dalam kerapatan energi (adanya mixed phase). Parameter-parameter pada model nuklir yang digunakan menyebabkan perbedaan kekakuan persamaan keadaan (EOS) dari materi hadronik dan materi kuark sehingga nilai tekanan transisi dari fasa hadronik ke fasa kuark juga berbeda.
Keyword: bintang neutron, persamaan keadaan, transisi fasa