Judul: Klasifikasi SMU Negeri Di Indonesia Berdasarkan Indikator Mutu Sekolah
Abstrak: Hasil pengelompokan dengan analisis gerombol non-hirarki menghasilkan 4 gerombol dengan jumlah masing-masing anggota adalah 25, 468, 449 dan 575 SMUN. Gerombol yang terjadi cukup menggambarkan kondisi mutu SMUN yang ada berdasarkan kemiripan antar unit pengamatan, tapi belum sepenulmya menunjukkan tingkatan kualitas antar kelompok yang jelas. Jika yang dinginkan adalah pengelompokan yang menghasilkan klasifikasi dengan tingkatan mutu yang jelas, diperlukan cara analisis yang lebih pasti.
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Judul: Penggerombolan Dua Tahap Sekolah Tingkat Smp/Mts Berdasarkan Indikator Pencapaian Standar Pelayanan Minimal Pendidikan Dasar
Abstrak: Standar pelayanan minimal pendidikan dasar (SPM Dikdas) merupakan program yang ditetapkan pemerintah untuk memberikan penjaminan mutu sekolah. Untuk melihat karakteristik sekolah berdasarkan indikator SPM Dikdas diperlukan pengelompokan sekolah. Untuk mengelompokan sekolah tersebut dapat menggunakan analisis gerombol dengan metode penggerombolan dua tahap (Two Step Cluster), karena skala pengukuran peubah bersifat campuran (numerik dan kategorik). Metode penggerombolan dua tahap ini dilakukan dengan 8 indikator, yaitu ruang kelas, kepala sekolah, kunjungan pengawas, kurikulum, buku layak, jam kerja guru, kegiatan tatap muka, dan laporan evaluasi. Ukuran jarak yang digunakan adalah jarak log-likelihood dan penentuan banyaknya gerombol menggunakan BIC (Bayesian Information Criterion). Penggerombolan dua tahap ini menghasilkan 6 gerombol dengan kualitas penggerombolan sebesar 0.3 berada dalam kondisi Fair (cukup baik). Pada gerombol 1, 3, dan 5 didominasi sekolah-sekolah yang berasal dari Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Sementara itu, gerombol 2 dan 4 didominasi sekolah yang berasal dari Provinsi Sumatera Selatan dan gerombol 6 didominasi dari Provinsi Yogyakarta. Gerombol 1 memiliki karakteristik, yaitu lebih dari setengah total sekolah pada gerombol ini tidak menerapkan kurikulum yang sesuai. Sedangkan gerombol 2 memiliki karakteristik, semua sekolah mendapat kunjungan pengawas satu kali per bulan. Gerombol 3 dan 4 memiliki karakteristik peubah hampir sama, yang membedakan kedua gerombol tersebut, yaitu semua sekolah pada gerombol 3 sudah menyelenggarakan kegiatan tatap muka 27 jam per minggu, sedangkan pada gerombol 4 hampir semua sekolahnya tidak menyelenggarakan kegiatan tatap muka 27 jam per minggu. Karakteristik gerombol 5 adalah semua sekolah tidak memiliki kepala sekolah yang sesuai peraturan. Sedangkan gerombol 6 memiliki karakteristik, yaitu semua sekolah sudah memiliki ruang kelas dengan fasilitas yang cukup.
Keyword: Analisis gerombol, metode penggerombolan dua tahap, SPM Dikdas

Judul: Development of DNA Vaccine Encoding Glycoprotein of Koi Herpes Virus Using Local Isolate.
Abstrak: The aim of this research was to develop DNA vaccine of Koi Herpesvirus in carp. Glycoprotein gene originated from ORF 25 KHV virus that is 1.8 kbp in size, is a potential gene in DNA vaccine construction. The sequencing and similarity analysis of the gene using BLAST software showed that this gene is a GP25 gene and was found to be very similar (99%) to GP25 of KHV virus from the USA and Israel. When this GP25 gene was ligated with pGEMT Easy (pT, 3 kbp in size) vector, plasmid size was increasing up to 5 kb. Following this, a digestion of pT-GP25 plasmid using Sal I enzyme was applied resulted in a GP25 fragment (1.8 kbp). Subsequently, pAct-D6 with a size of 8.5 kbp was also cut using the same enzyme to eleminate a D6 gene with a size of 1.6 kbp. GP25 gene was then ligated with pAct resulted a pAct-GP25 plasmid with a size of 8.8 kbp. As there was only one restriction site applied, ligation can be occurred in two different directions. Thus, in order to determine the plasmid with the desired direction PCR analysis was carried out, and plasmid with the right direction was the one that sized approximately 2.1 kbp (no. 6, 17 and 20). High level of GFP gene expression was detected in all tissues analyzed, i.e. kidney, gil, spleen, and muscle 24 hours after injection which indicated that β-actin promoter of Japanese medaka could be active in common carp. Although not as high as on 24 hours, expression was still detected until day 7 and disappeared after day 28 post injection indicating that pAct-GFP can be remained and β-actin promoter of Japanese medaka can be active in muscle, gills and kidney at least a week after injection. The result of RT-PCR analysis on pAct-GP25 injected common carp showed that GP25 gene expression can be detected 14 days after injection in all tissues observed. The expression level differences between GFP and GP25 genes possibly related to the primer sensitivity on annealing process to cDNA template and the size of PCR targeted DNA fragment, as smaller PCR targeted product will be easier to be amplified than a bigger one. The length of PCR targeted DNA with GP25 primer was 1.8 kbp whereas GFP gene was 0.6 kbp.The challenge test on common carp results showed that all unvaccinated and negative control (not infected with KHV) was alive until the end of the experiment. Whereas, the survival of fish vaccinated with a dose of 12.5 was ranged from 60.9 and 96.7%. In relation to the activity of β-actin promoter that was used in this DNA vaccine, gene expression was occured 24 hours after vaccination and remained until 2 weeks. The control fish that was not injected by GP25 showed no GP25 expression either in the observed tissues or organs and resulted in a lower survival, i.e. 23.3%. The challenge test results has indicated that the fish vaccinated with GP25 at doses of 7.5 and 12.5 μg/100μL were able to produce KHV glycoprotein in their body which would be
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