Judul: Phenophysilogy Studies flowering and Fruit Development of Matoa (Pometia pinnata)
Abstrak: Matoa (Pometia pinnata) merupakan salah satu tanaman buah yang belum dimanfaatkan secara luas di Indonesia. Matoa dapat tumbuh lebih dari 30 meter dan dapat ditemukan didaerah dataran rendah subtropis dan tropis wilayah Asia Pasifik. Penelitian telah menunjukkan manfaat matoa sebagai buah segar, bahan manufaktur serta mengandung bahan antioksidan, antimikroba dan antivirus. Penelitian dasar seperti studi fenologi dibutuhkan untuk memperoleh informasi pembungaan dan mutu buah yang dapat mendukung budidaya, perbanyakan dan keragaman pemanfaatan matoa. Pengamatan deskriptif dilaksanakan di Taman Buah Mekarsari Cileungsi Bogor. Inisiasi pembungaan terjadi pada akhir bulan Juni ketika intensitas curah hujan mengalami penurunan dan bunga matoa mekar pada bulan September. Malai bunga matoa dapat tumbuh 8 sampai 30 cm dengan 4 sampai 16 anak malai membentuk susunan bunga monopodial inflorescence. Waktu pembungaan tahap inisiasi sampai bunga mekar berlangsung sekitar 56 hari dan bakal buah terbentuk sekitar 9 sampai 12 hari setelah mekar. Perkembangan buah mulai bunga mekar sampai buah matang berlangsung sekitar 12 minggu dengan fruitset sekitar 2,5%. Kata kunci: pembungaan, perkembangan buah, fenofisiologi, Pometia pinnata, Matoa (Pometia pinnata) is one of the underutilized fruit in Indonesia which can growth up to 30 m and can be found naturally mainly in lowland subtropical and tropical areas in the Asia-Pacific region. Some research has been revealed that matoa plant usefull as fresh fruit, manufactur products and contains many functional compound as well as antioxidant, antimikroba and antivirus. Basic research as phenology studies is needed to obtain information on flowering and fruit quality to support the cultivation, breeding and diversification of matoa. Descriptive observation of flowering and fruit development of matoa was carried out at the Mekarsari Fruit Garden in Cileungsi Bogor. Generative initiation starts at the last June when the intensity of rainfall decreases and flowers bloom in September. Matoa panicle flower can growth 8 to 30 cm and 4 to 16 of flower branch and cluster of flowers arranged as a monopodial inflorescence. The periode from the emergence of generative buds to blooming lasts an average of 56 days after initiation and ovaries are formed for 9 to 12 days after anthesis. Fruit development from anthesis to maturity an averaged of 12 weeks after blooming, with an average fruitset of 2,51%.
Keyword: flowering, fruit development, phenofisiology, Pometia pinnata

Judul: Validation of Microsatellite Molecular Markers on Matoa (Pometia pinnata)
Abstrak: Indonesia adalah negara yang kaya akan keanekaragaman hayati dengan berbagai jenis spesies tumbuh-tumbuhan. Keanekaragaman tersebut terdiri dari tanaman buah yang salah satunya berasal dari buah Matoa (Pometia pinnata). Matoa merupakan tanaman dari famili Sapindaceae yang tersebar di wilayah tropis. Tanaman matoa banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai obat-obatan tradisional yang diketahui mengandung kelompok senyawa diantaranya flavonoid, tanin, dan saponin. Analisis keragaman genetik matoa menjadi informasi dasar untuk pelaksanaan kegiatan seleksi dan persilangan lanjutan dalam program pemuliaan matoa. Marka mikrosatelit merupakan salah satu metode analisis marka molekuler kodominan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melakukan seleksi primer untuk analisis kekerabatan 10 aksesi matoa Dramaga dengan 4 matoa Banjarmasin melalui pendekatan marka mikrosatelit. DNA diisolasi menggunakan CTAB (Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide). Sepuluh primer mikrosatelit yang digunakan adalah Pp.e.6402, Pp.e.66857, Pp.e.80271, Pp.e.89451, Pp.e.115726, Pp.e.161167, Pp.e.186462, Pp.e.187105, Pp.e.238124, Pp.e.287861. Amplifikasi mengacu pada protokol DreamTaq Green PCR Master Mix. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa primer yang digunakan mampu mengamplifikasi 20-30% aksesi yang digunakan, dan hanya 2 aksesi yang dapat diamplifikasi pada 9 pasang primer yang digunakan, yaitu aksesi IPBA8, IPBA9. Sembilan primer dapat digunakan untuk analisis molekuler, kecuali primer Pp.e.287861 yang tidak mampu mengamplifikasikan 14 aksesi yang digunakan., Indonesia is a country rich in biodiversity with various types of plant species. One of the diversity of fruit plants comes from the Matoa fruit plant (Pometia pinnata). Matoa is a plant from the Sapindaceae family which is spread throughout the tropics. The matoa plant is widely used as a traditional medicine which is known to contain a group of compounds including flavonoids, tannins and saponins. Analysis of matoa genetic diversity is the basic information for implementing selection and crossbreeding activities in matoa breeding programs. Microsatellite markers are one of the codominant molecular marker analysis methods. This study aims to conduct primary selection for kinship analysis of 10 Dramaga matoa accessions with 4 Banjarmasin matoa using a microsatellite marker approach. DNA was isolated using the CTAB (Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide). The ten microsatellite primers used were Pp.e.6402, Pp.e.66857, Pp.e.80271, Pp.e.89451, Pp.e.115726, Pp.e.161167, Pp.e.186462, Pp.e.187105, Pp.e.238124, Pp.e.287861. SSR marker analysis using PCR DreamTaq Green Master Mix. The results showed that the primers used were able to amplify 20- 30% of the accessions used, and only 2 accessions could be amplified in the 9 pairs of primers used, namely IPBA8, IPBA9 accessions. Nine primers could be used for molecular analysis, except for the primer Pp.e.287861 which was unable to amplify the 14 accessions used.
Keyword: allele, biodiversity, codominant, fruit plants, genetic

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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