Judul: Social Security System Masyarakat Nelayan (Kasus Masyarakat Nelayan Ujung Kulon, Kabupaten Pandeglang, Banten).
Abstrak: Secara historis transformasi masyarakat nelayan Ujung Kulon dimulai dengan terbukanya isolasi wilayah pesisir Ujung Kulon pada tahun 1970-an dan menjadi semakin pesat di era 1980-an sampai saat ini. Lancarnya transportasi dan akses keluar masuk wilayah mendorong penetrasi kapitalisme dan pengaruh pasar semakin merasuk dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Penetrasi kapitalisme menyebabkan perubahan signifikan dalam dimensi budaya, institusi dan tindakan ekonomi. Perubahan-perubahan tersebut terkait dengan berubahnya mekanisme social security system dalam sistem penghidupan nelayan setempat. Perubahan dimensi budaya ekonomi masyarakat terjadi sebagai akibat dari terbukanya wilayah dan masuknya sistem ekonomi kapitalis yang membawa masuk barang-barang baru, gaya hidup baru dan informasi-informasi baru serta kepuasan-kepuasan baru dimana kekayaan dan konsumsi merupakan bentuk kebutuhan baru yang harus dipenuhi oleh masyarakat. Norma budaya kapitalisme seperti selfish (mementingkan diri sendiri), memaksimumkan keuntungan dan kepuasan, individualisme, serta kompleksitas pasar mempengaruhi dan mengubah budaya ekonomi masyarakat nelayan setempat. Perkembangan budaya ekonomi ini ditunjang oleh berkembangnya prasarana dan sarana transportasi dan komunikasi seperti televisi, handphone, internet dan sebagainya. Beberapa aspek tertentu dalam budaya ekonomi nelayan yang erat kaitannya dengan mekanisme perekonomian masyarakat yang mengalami perubahan antara lain orientasi bekerja keras, pandangan dan pengambilan keputusan investasi dan saving, basis resiprositas sistem trust (kepercayaan) antar pelaku ekonomi, kolektivitas ekonomi dan solidaritas. Dalam konteks perubahan budaya ekonomi masyarakat nelayan, bahwa ada aspek-aspek tertentu dalam budaya nelayan yang berubah ternyata dapat menjadi motivasi ekonomi yang diperlukan untuk pertumbuhan ekonomi pasar. Salah satu aspek budaya asli nelayan yang cenderung bekerja keras merupakan salah satu motivasi ekonomi yang diperlukan untuk pertumbuhan ekonomi pasar. Nelayan Ujung Kulon mengalami perubahan orientasi nilai bekerja keras yang semula ditujukan pada pemenuhan subsistensi berubah menjadi bertujuan mengejar kekayaan dan konsumsi. Perubahan orientasi ini justru memiliki fungsi menggerakan roda perekonomian di sektor perikanan. Orientasi bekerja keras semakin kuat ketika tujuannya mengejar kekayaan dan konsumsi yang juga berarti mencapai kemuliaan dalam masyarakat. Situasi ini akan menuntut semangat bekerja untuk mengejar keuntungan ekonomi sebanyak-banyaknya. Semangat bekerja untuk mengejar keuntungan ekonomi didukung oleh meningkatnya kepercayaan diri untuk berinvestasi dan saving yang didasari oleh optimisme dengan risiko kerugian dapat menjadi pendorong bagi pertumbuhan ekonomi nelayan. Di sisi yang berbeda introduksi norma budaya ekonomi kapitalis ternyata justru melemahkan mekanisme social security system tradisional masyarakat nelayan setempat oleh karena perubahan sistem norma yang mendasari resiprositas, trust, kolektivitas dan solidaritas yang semula menjadi basis nilai utama dari mekanisme social security system tradisional yang memberikan jaminan social economic security bagi masyarakat nelayan. Dari dimensi perubahan institusi, penetrasi sistem ekonomi kapitalis membawa perubahan signifikan dalam institusi patronase yang merupakan social security institution yang keberadaannya sangat signifikan dalam perekonomian nelayan. Terjadi transformasi basis norma institusi patronase berbasis norma tradisional (moralitas asli) menjadi berbasis norma ekonomi kapitalis di masa kini. Implikasi perubahan basis norma terjadi pada aktivitas ekonomi pertukaran dan transaksi ekonomi serta dasar pengambilan keputusan seluruh pelaku-pelaku ekonomi. Ketika institusi ekonomi patronase berbasis norma moralitas asli, maka strategi tindakan ekonomi survival terlekat pada institusi patronase yang sepenuhnya berfungi sebagai social security institution. Tindakan ekonomi survival terwujud pada seberapa jauh nelayan dapat membangun hubungan patronase yang dapat memberikan jaminan pemenuhan kebutuhan subsistensi dan hubungan saling menguntungkan dengan basis etika moralitas. Ketika basis norma patronase berubah,
Keyword: social security system, masyarakat nelayan, budaya, institusi, tindakan ekonomi

Judul: Social Security System Masyarakat Nelayan (Kasus Masyarakat Nelayan Ujung Kulon, Kabupaten Pandeglang, Banten).
Abstrak: Historically, the transformation of fishing community at Ujung Kulon was started with the opening of isolated coastal area at Ujung Kulon in 1970s and increasingly developed since 1980s. Better transportation and access to and from the area had encouraged the penetration of capitalism and market influence to the society. The penetration of capitalism and market influence had caused significant change in the dimension of culture, institution and economic action. Those changes were related to the change on social security system mechanism in the livelihood of local. In economic cultural dimension, fishing community at Ujung Kulon had undergone change as a result of area opening and the introduction of market economic system. The market brought new goods, lifestyle, information and satisfaction where wealth and consumption were new needs to be fulfilled by the society. Market culture norms include being selfish, maximizing profit and satisfaction, individualism and market complexity had influenced and changed the economic culture of local fishing community. The development of market economic culture was supported by the development of transportation facilities and infrastructures such as television, mobile phone, and internet and so on. Some aspects in economic culture of fishermen were closely related to economic mechanism of the society that undergone change such as orientation for hard work, opinion on and decision making of investment and saving, reciprocity, trust system among economic actors, economic collectivity and solidarity. In the context of change on economic culture of fishing community, it seems that certain aspects in the culture that changed could become the economic motivation needed for the growth of market economic. One of the origin cultural aspects of fishermen which was tendency to work hard was one of economic motivations needed for market economic growth. Fishermen at Ujung Kulon had undergone change on value orientation. The value of hard work that initially was aimed for subsistence fulfillment had changed to pursue wealth and consumption. This change on orientation apparently functioned as the driver of economic wheel in fishery sector. Orientation of hard work was getting stronger when the aim is to pursue wealth and consumption which means to gain glory among the society. The situation would give more motivation to work to gain maximum economic profit. This motivation supported by the increase in self-confidence in investment and saving based on optimism and loss risk could be a driver for economic growth of fishermen. On the other hand, the introduction of market economic culture norm had diluted the mechanism of traditional social security system of local fishing community due to the change in norm system of reciprocity, trust, collectivity and solidarity which was the base of main value of traditional social security system that give social economic security to fishing community. Regarding the institutional change, the penetration of market economic system had brought significant change to patronage institution which was the social security institution and it existence was very significant in fishermen activity. Transformation was occurred in patronage institution of Ujung Kulon fishing community from traditional norm-based patronage (original morality) to market economic norm-based patronage. The implication of change in norm base occurred
Keyword: social security system, cultural, institution, economic action, fishing community

Judul: Sintesis α-Fe2O3 menggunakan metode sol gel
Abstrak: In this reseach was succeeded make powder α-Fe2O3 with particle size 202.64 nm. Synthesis using Sol-Gel method with SiO2 coating derived from Si(OC2H5)4 at temperature of 750 oC for 5 hours. Characterization XRD prove that sample form is α-Fe2O3 (11 peaks) and β-Fe2O3 (2 peaks) with crystal size 20.69125 nm and crystallization 44 %. The cystal structure of α-Fe2O3 is rhombohedral and β-Fe2O3 is hexsagonal. Optic characterization show that the sample absorbing light at wavelength less than 480 nm. Bandgap energy of the optical characterization measurments is 2.74 eV.
Keyword: α-Fe2O3, annealing, bandgap energy, sol-gel, crystal structure.