Judul: Faktor - Faktor yang Memengaruhi Penyaluran Kredit Ritel di PT Bank Raya Indonesia Tbk
Abstrak: Perkembangan kinerja penyaluran kredit ritel yang diberikan oleh Bank Raya dari tahun 2015 sampai 2020 secara umum memiliki tren yang positif. Namun, pada tahun 2021 mengalami penurunan menjadi Rp 44,5 triliun dari tahun sebelumnya sebesar Rp 58,08 triliun. Selama tujuh tahun terakhir jumlah penyaluran kredit ritel memiliki perbandingan yang sangat jauh dengan kredit menengah dimana pencapaian kredit menengah mencapai sebesar Rp 733,18 triliun sedangkan kredit ritel hanya mencapai Rp 265,45 triliun. Sementara kredit ritel memiliki jumlah debitur yang paling banyak dibandingkan dengan kredit menengah. Pencapaian jumlah debitur yang diperoleh Bank Raya pada segmen kredit ritel selama tujuh tahun terakhir mencapai 206.687 debitur sementara pada kredit menengah hanya mencapai 33.789 debitur. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis faktor-faktor apa saja yang memengaruhi penyaluran kredit ritel di PT Bank Raya Indonesia Tbk. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan data timeseries kuartal pertama tahun 2015 sampai kuartal keempat tahun 2021 yang berasal dari data internal PT Bank Raya Indonesia Tbk. Metode analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis regresi linear berganda. Adapun variabel yang diduga memengaruhi penyaluran kredit ritel di PT Bank Raya Indonesia Tbk adalah jumlah penyaluran kredit ritel, suku bunga kredit ritel Bank Raya, Dana Pihak Ketiga (DPK), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Loan (NPL) gross kredit ritel, dan kondisi pandemi COVID-19. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel Dana Pihak Ketiga (DPK) dan Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap jumlah penyaluran kredit ritel di PT Bank Raya Indonesia Tbk., The development of retail credit sales performance provided by Bank Raya from 2015 to 2020 generally has a positive trend. However, in 2021 it will decrease to IDR 44.5 trillion from the previous year's IDR 58.08 trillion. During the last seven years, the number of retail loans has had a very far comparison with cheap loans, where credit centers reached Rp 733.18 trillion, while retail loans only reached Rp 265.45 trillion. Meanwhile, retail credit has the largest number of debtors compared to medium credit. The total number of debtors obtained by Bank Raya in the retail credit segment for the last seven years reached 206,687 debtors, while in medium credit only reached 33,789 debtors. The purpose of this study is to analyze what factors constitute the distribution of retail credit at PT Bank Raya Indonesia Tbk. This research was conducted using time series data from the first quarter of 2015 to the fourth quarter of 2021, which was derived from internal data from PT Bank Raya Indonesia Tbk. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis. The variables that are suspected to affect retail credit at PT Bank Raya Indonesia Tbk are the number of retail loans, retail loan interest rates of Bank Raya, Third Party Funds (DPK), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Loans (NPL) gross retail loans, and the state of the COVID19 pandemic. The results of this study indicate that the variables of Third Party Funds (DPK) and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) have a positive and significant effect on the number of retail credit shipments at PT Bank Raya Indonesia Tbk.
Keyword: Bank, Credit, Multiple Linear Regression, Retail Credit

Judul: Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pertumbuhan Kredit PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk
Abstrak: The distribution of loan is one of many activity to do function of intermediaton for economic development. This researce has three main objective that include the following is to: (1) analyse influence of internal factors such third of funds (third of funds growth), performance factors Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) and operating expenses ratio (OER), and risk factor Non Performing Loan (NPL) to credit (loan growth); (2) analyse influence of external factors (BI rate, inflation and kurs) to credit (loan growth). This research was conducted at PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk with structural equation modeling (SEM). Result of research analysis is third of fund factor, performance factors dan risk factor has significant effect. Third of fund factor have a significant positive effect to loan with coefficient standard of 0.4631. Performance factors and risk factor has significant negative effect to loan with coefficient standard of -0.4325 and -0.3983. External factors have a positive significant to credit with coefficient standard of 0.4156.
Keyword: SEM, third of fund, risk, performance, loan, external

Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell