Judul: Effectiveness of village empowerement program and its impact on the development of rural areas in Jayapura Distric
Abstrak: A development model which is based on community empowerement is believed to be an alternative to replace the growth based development model. The emergence of the community empowerement concept is caused by the failure of economic development models in dealing with the problem of poverty and sustainable environment, and the alternative concept is expected to include the values of democracy, gender equality, and adequate economic growth. Jayapura is the only district in the Papua Province which applies the development model based on community empowerement called Village Empowerment Program . This program allocates funds from the distric government to village/sub district governments. It operated from 2005 to 2009. Results of data analysis using statistical descriptive methods showed that (1) the management of Village Empowerement Program in each region varied, in which the village of Simporo had the best management of the other three villages, (2) the Village Empowerement Program had a positive impapct on regional development, which is indicated by the increases in the level cocoa production, land size and income after the implementation of Village Development Program in Jayapura.
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Judul: Pengembangan Model Pemanfaaatan Hutan Untuk Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Wilayah dan Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Secara Berkelanjutan
Abstrak: Fundamental law of forest notifies that deforestation was done by the forest concessionaires will influence to the traditional community around the forest, that is their activities, their living condition, and also to the regional (Jayapura) economic growth. Forest rehabilitation, guidance, and counseling activities in the community that was done by the forest concessionaires was not match to their objectives, thus the report documentatio~l was not fulfill to the target of this activities. Forest protection rules for the comm~~niwtye lfare have not shown significantly changes to the community and forest sustainability. Analysis with Social Accounting Matrix Model (SAM) was shown that the forest management in Jayapura had negative impact to the income of rural community, and indirectly to the economic growth of Jayapura regency. By micro approach shown the correlation between educa-t ion, informal institution, with community income and welfare. Thus, forest management needs participation from traditional community, goverment and forest concessionaires in term of economic growth and community welfare.
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Judul: Pembuatan Film Tipis Cu2ZnSnS4 sebagai Lapisan Penyerap Cahaya pada Sel Surya Menggunakan Metode Elektrodeposisi
Abstrak: Thin film of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is an alternative semiconductor used as light absorber layer on solar cell. CZTS can replace silicon that commonly used as commercial semiconductor. The advantage of using CZTS as absorber layer is due to the abundance of its chemical composer on earth, and its high value of absorption coefficient. The absorber layer was made by using electrodeposition method on ITO glass substrates. The films were deposited at room temperature using potentiostatic mode with a potential of –1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes. After that, the films were annealed at two different temperatures, 180 ºC and 500 °C, for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. Based on X-ray diffraction analysis, the polycrystalline thin film obtained fall into kesterite crystal phase. This type of crystal was obtained when the CZTS was annealed at 500 °C in H2S/N2 atmosphere. The value of optical band gap energy for the CZTS thin film was 2.2 eV with the film thickness about 1.228–6.366 μm. The sample of CZTS with electrodeposition time of 45 minutes and annealing temperature of 500 °C showed the best result and in conformity with absorber layers criteria for solar cells.
Keyword: semiconductor, ITO glass, CZTS thin film, electrodeposition