Judul: Analisis Segregasi Gen hpt (Hygromisin Phosphotransferase) pada Tanaman Tembakau Transgenik Generasi T0
Abstrak: Hygromycine phosphotransferase encoded by hpt gene is one of commonly used as a selectable marker for the production of transgenic plants. The plants harbored the hpt gene were able to synthesize hygromycine phosphotransferase enzymes, therefore they are tolerant to higromicine.The objective of this research is to analyze the segregation of hpt gene in T0 generation transgenic tobacco plants. T0 transgenic plants were cultivated in the pot and placed in the green house. The seeds produced by selfing of T0 plants were cultivated on the MS0 media containing 50mg/l higromycine for one month. The rasio between the number of tolerant and sensitive plants to higromycine is 3:1 based on Khi-square. This result indicated that hpt gene is integrated in genom of T0 plants, inherited as Mendelian pattern for one gene, and the genotype of T0 plants is heterozigous for hpt gene. As hpt gene linked to MmCuZn-SOD gene, so T0 plants contain also MmCuZn-SOD gene.
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Judul: Analisis Tanaman Tembakau Transgenik Generasi T1 yang Mengandung Gen MmCu/Zn-SOD Penyandi Superoksida Dismutase
Abstrak: Salah satu faktor lingkungan yang dapat membatasi produksi pertanian adalah kemasaman tanah. Kemasaman yang tinggi menyebabkan peningkatan kelarutan aluminium. Ion-ion Al yang terlarut beracun bagi tanaman, sehingga kemasaman yang tinggi dan kelarutan Al dapat menimbulkan cekaman. Cekaman abiotik tersebut menyebabkan akumulasi spesies oksigen reaktif (ROS), seperti superoksida yang sangat beracun bagi tanaman. Superoksida dismutase (SOD) merupakan enzim antioksidan yang mampu menetralkan radikal bebas dari spesies oksigen reaktif menjadi tidak beracun. cDNA dari gen MmCu/Zn-SOD telah berhasil diisolasi dari tanaman Melastoma malabathricum, diklon ke dalam vektor ekspresi di bawah kendali promoter kuat 35S CaMV dan diintroduksikan ke dalam tanaman tembakau sehingga menghasilkan tanaman tembakau transgenik generasi T0. Tanaman ini telah melakukan penyerbukan sendiri dan menghasilkan biji generasi T1. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pola pewarisan dan stabilitas gen MmCu/Zn-SOD pada tanaman tembakau transgenik generasi T1. Analisis dilakukan terhadap keturunan dari dua galur transgenik T0 yaitu NTS59 dan NTS68. Analisis pola pewarisan gen MmCu/Zn-SOD didasarkan pada pola pewarisan gen hpt penyandi hygromycin phosphotransferase karena kedua gen tersebut terpaut. Pola pewarisan gen hpt dilakukan dengan menghitung perbandingan tanaman yang resisten dan sensitif terhadap antibiotik higromisin berdasarkan hukum Mendel dengan perbandingan 3:1 yang diuji dengan menggunakan uji Khi-Kuadrat (db=1; α=5%). Analisis pewarisan gen hpt menunjukkan bahwa gen hpt yang terintegrasi pada galur NTS59 dan NTS68 diwariskan ke generasi T1 dengan pola pewarisan 3:1. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tanaman transgenik NTS59 dan NTS68 generasi T0 adalah heterozigot dan hanya satu salinan gen hpt yang terintegrasi ke dalam genomnya. Gen MmCu/Zn-SOD terpaut sempurna dengan gen hpt, maka tanaman transgenik T0 juga mengandung satu salinan gen MmCu/Zn-SOD dan heterozigot. Analisis PCR menunjukkan bahwa gen MmCu/Zn-SOD di bawah kendali promoter 35S CaMV diwariskan dari generasi T0 ke generasi T1. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa gen MmCu/Zn-SOD terintegrasi secara stabil sampai dengan generasi T1.
Keyword: tembakau transgenik, SOD, heterozigot, pewarisan gen

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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