Judul: Pengujian residu antibiotika dalam susu segar dari beberapa peternakan sapi perah di provinsi Jawa Barat menggunakan metode bioassay
Abstrak: The objective of this study was to determine the presence of antibiotic residues in raw milk from various dairy farms in the region of West Java, including Tasikmalaya, Sumedang, Bandung, Bogor, and Cianjur. Five samples were taken from each district (total n = 25) and analyzed using bioassay method. The results showed that none of the 25 raw milk samples contained detectable amounts of beta lactam, tetracyclines, makrolida, and aminoglycosides.
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Judul: Penelitian pendahuluan residu antibiotik dan bahan pengawet dalam air susu serta uji masak air susu di daerah Cipanas - Kabupaten Cianjur Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Susu dalam pengertian air susu sapi, merupakan bahan makanan yang mempunyai nilai gizi tinggi dan sangat baik untuk kesehatan, terutama untuk pertumbuhan badan; biasa dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat sebagai pelengkap menu "Empat Sehat Lima Sempurna". Menurut WHO, air susu ialah air susu sapi yang tidak dikurangi atau ditambah sesuatu apapun dan diperoleh dari pemerahan sapi-sapi sehat secara teratur dan sekaligus. Agar air susu sampai Kekonsumen dalam keadaan utuh dan sehat, serta tidak menjadi sumber penyakit, maka perlu diadakan pemeriksaan yang teratur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah air susu yang berasal dari peternakan rakyat di daerah Cipanas - Kabupaten Cianjur Jawa Barat mengandung antibiotik (dengan menggunakan Uji Yoghurt) dalam jumlah yang dapat membahayakan kesehatan masyarakat. Juga untuk mengetahui apakah ada residu bahan pengawet formalin (dengan menggunakan Uji Formalin dan sebagai pereaksi dipakai asam chlo rida yang mengandung Fe), serta mendeteksi air susu yang sudah mengalami pemasakan (dengan menggunakan Uji Guajaktinktur). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa air susu yang ber- asal dari daerah Cipanas 25% mengandung antibiotik, 2,8% mengalami proses pemasakan, akan tetapi tidak mengandung bahan pengawet formalin (0%). Perlu diketahui bahwa, keadaan di atas dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, antara lain penanganan air susu, penanganan sapi perah produktif, latar belakang peternak, lokasi peternakan, dan faktor-faktor lainnya….
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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