Judul: Inhibition Mechanism of Atherosclerosis Initiation at Cellular Level by Curcuminoid of Temu Mangga Extract (Curcuma mangga).
Abstrak: Temu mangga (Curcuma mangga) is a potent medicinal herb which functions as an antioxidant because of its curcuminoid content. The curcuminoid has been shown to reduce the susceptibility of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) to oxidation. The oxidation of LDL is believed to be the initiating factor for the development and progression of atherosclerosis. An adhesion molecule is a protein that is expressed to the cell surface when disturbed endothelial function. Proteoglican (PG) is an extracellular matrix found on the cell surface of blood vessels and PG could change in association at development of atherosclerosis. The study aims to assess the potential of the curcuminoids extract inhibiting LDL oxidation and expression of an adhesion molecules on endothelial surface and the role proteoglycan to LDL retention in vitro. The LDL was harvested and isolated from five adult male Macaca fascicularis fed an aterogenic diet for three months. Curcuminoid compound was isolated using ethanol and water solouble.Smooth muscle cells isolated from white rat’s aorta coronary. Macrophages was isolated from peritoneal of mice and monocyte of M nemestrina. Analyses the oxidation LDL were done by measuring the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) as malonaldehyde (MDA). The fractions of curcuminoid was analized using HPLC. An adhesion molecules was examined immunohistochemical staining that reacted with anti VCAM-1 antibody and anti ICAM-1 antibody. The measured was hexaronat acid using HPLC method and then converted as proteoglican. The results showed as 1.84% curcuminoids from yield of rhizomes temu mango. The quantitative analysis showed is curcuminoids extracts consist of curcumine (6.2%), demetoxi-curcumine (2.3%) and bis-demetoxi curcumine (3.0%). The result of inhibiton of LDL oxidation in macrophage of mice and M. nemestrina were curcuminoid at eight ppm for four hours and six hours incubation (P<001). These data suggest that curcuminoid extract of temu mangga was able to inhibit LDL oxidation to macrophages of mice and Macaca nemestra. There was inhibited of 13.068% of oxidation LDL at eight ppm four hours incubation to macrophages of mice compared control without curcuminoid. Inhibiton of oxidation LDL at macrophages of M. nemestrina by curcuminoid at eight ppm for six hours incubation there was 24.282%. The results of adhesion molecule of ICAM-1 molecules can be expressed with brownish yellow color, whereas the VCAM-1 molecules did not expressed on the cell surface. The result of hexarunate acid could not be detected.
Keyword: 

Judul: Antioxidant Activity and Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 Inhibition by Curcuminoids from the Ethanol Fraction of Temulawak
Abstrak: Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrrhiza Roxb.) merupakan tanaman yang memiliki senyawa kurkuminoid yang dapat berperan dalam menginhibisi aktivitas dari matriks metalloproteinase-1. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dan penghambatan enzim MMP-1 dari fraksi etanol kurkuminoid temulawak. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian adalah maserasi, fraksinasi etanol, KCKT, uji inhibisi MMP-1, dan uji aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode CUPRAC dan ABTS. Hasil menunjukkan kadar air dari fraksi etanol temulawak sebesar 9,21 dan rendemen sebesar 5,89%. Kadar total kurkuminoid didapatkan sebanyak 183,47 mg/g. Hasil uji inhibisi MMP-1 didapatkan nilai IC50 33,42 µg/mL dan uji antioksidan menggunakan metode CUPRAC didapat aktivitas antioksidan 870,52±4,87 µmol AAE/g fraksi dan metode ABTS sebesar 647,15±32,02 µmol AAE/g fraksi. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa temulawak dapat menginhibisi MMP-1 dengan baik dan merupakan antioksidan yang baik., Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) is a plant that contains curcuminoid compounds capable of inhibiting the activity of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1). This study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity and MMP-1 enzyme inhibition of the ethanol fraction of temulawak curcuminoids. The methods used in the research include maceration, ethanol fractionation, HPLC, MMP-1 inhibition assay, and antioxidant activity assay using the CUPRAC and ABTS methods. The results showed that the moisture content of the ethanol fraction of temulawak was 9.21% and the yield was 5.89%. The total curcuminoid content obtained from HPLC was 183.47 mg/g. The MMP-1 inhibition assay results showed an IC50 value of 33.42 µg/mL. The antioxidant activity assay using the CUPRAC method showed an antioxidant activity of 870.52±4.87 µmol AAE/g fraction, and the ABTS method showed an activity of 647.15±32.02 µmol AAE/g fraction. These results indicate that temulawak can effectively inhibit MMP1 and is a good antioxidant.
Keyword: Curcuma xanthorriza, Antioxidant, matrix metalloproteinase-1, inhibition

Judul: Pemanenan Energi Listrik dari Kincir Angin Vertikal
Abstrak: Usaha pemanenan energi angin di Indonesia masih sedikit. Sampai Tahun 2016 hanya 3.54 MW alat pemanenan energi angin yang sudah terpasang. Kendala utamanya ialah dibutuhkan investasi yang besar untuk membuatnya. Pembuatan kincir angin dengan ukuran yang lebih kecil dengan bahan yang dapat dibeli di pasar lokal menjadi solusi agar pembuatan kincir angin lebih ekonomis. Pembuatan kincir vertikal tipe Savonius dapat menjadi solusinya. Kincir vertikal Savonius dapat beroperasi pada kecepatan < 3 m/s dan ketinggian < 50 m. Kincir angin ini terdiri dari tiga sistem, yaitu generator, rotor kincir dan transmisi pulley-belt. Generator dibuat dari modifikasi motor AC dan magnet neodymium. Rotor kincir dibuat dari pipa PVC 4”, pipa alumunium ¾”, dan papan polikarbonat. Transmisi pulley-belt dibuat dari plastik dan karet. Kincir ini membutuhkan gaya minimal 3 N untuk dapat berputar atau torsi minimalnya 0.75 Nm. Kecepatan angin yang dibutuhkan untuk merotasikannya sebesar 1.9 m/s. Daya maksimal yang dapat dihasilkan ialah 5.76 watt berupa tegangan sebesar 36 volt dan arus 160 mA.
Keyword: energi terbarukan, generator, motor AC, sudu Savonius