Judul: Penyelesaian VRPSDP Menggunakan Algoritme Kunang-Kunang
Abstrak: Penyelesaian masalah distribusi Aqua galon termasuk dalam pengaplikasian kompleks Vehicle Routing Problem with Simultaneos Delivery and Pickup (VRPSDP). VRPSDP dapat diselesaikan dengan metode eksak, heuristik atau meta-heuristik. Algoritme kunang-kunang merupakan salah satu algoritma meta heuristik yang terinspirasi oleh perilaku dan cara komunikasi serangga kunang kunang dengan melalui beberapa langkah yaitu membandingkan intensitas cahaya, menghitung tingkat daya tarik serta pergerakan, dan melakukan mutasi pembalikan. Metode algoritme kunang-kunang dalam penelitian ini digunakan untuk mencari solusi optimal dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Algoritme kunang-kunang mampu memberikan solusi yang mendekati optimal dalam waktu yang relatif lebih singkat dibanding metode eksak., Solving the Aqua gallon distribution problem is included in the complex application of the Vehicle Routing Problem with Simultaneous Delivery and Pickup (VRPSDP). VRPSDP can be solved by exact, heuristic, or meta-heuristic methods. The Firefly Algorithm is a meta-heuristic algorithm inspired by the behavior and way of communication of firefly insects by going through several stages, namely compare the light intensity, calculate the level of attraction and movement, and make a reversal mutation. The Firefly Algorithm method in this study is used to find optimal solutions to solve the problem. The results of this research show that the Firefly Algorithm can provide a solution that is close to optimal in a relatively short time compared to the exact method.
Keyword: distribution, firefly algorithm, vehicle routing problem, VRPSDP

Judul: Penyelesaian Vehicle Routing Problem pada Pendistribusian Sayuran Dataran Tinggi Menggunakan Algoritme Genetika (Studi Kasus PT Saung Mirwan)
Abstrak: Vehicle routing problem (VRP) is an important issue on a transportation system that aims at minimizing the total vehicle mileage to reduce vehicle operating cost to a minimum. Vehicle routing problem belongs to the class of non-polynomial hard (NP-hard), which generally uses a heuristic approach to find a solution. In this time, Vehicle routing problem resolution will be applied to the distribution of highland vegetables from PT. Saung Mirwan as the vegetable distribution center. The problems that often arise in the distribution of highland plain vegetables is to how minimize the total of transportation costs without sacrificing the goal completion time to reduce the risk of the decline in the quality of vegetables during the trip. Issues will become increasingly complex if the vehicle routing problem is flexible to changes that occur in the limit or the value of decision variables. The problems encountered in this case include heterogeneous multi fleet VRP, single source, single trip, and multi-product. Therefore, this research used genetic algorithm optimization method (GA) to solve the problem. Genetic algorithm is one of the heuristic methods, which is analogous to the process of evolution by natural selection phase, crossover and mutation. In this paper a simulation is performed by searching the optimum solution to the location of the distribution as the destination points. Optimum solutions are obtained in the form of division of highland vegetable distribution channels that meet the existing constraints. As a solution, there was reduction of the distribution time of about 1 hour 58 minutes or an increase in time efficiency by approximately 32.22% and a reduction of the fleet utilization by 1 fleet or an increase of fleet efficiency by 14.28%.
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Judul: Enteric Collibacillosis Pada Anak Babi Baru Lahir: Patogenesa dan Perubahan-Perubahan Patologisnya
Abstrak: Diare disebabkan oleh infeksi bakteri Escherichia coli pada anak-anak babi baru lahir yang peka terhadap en terotoksin produk bakteri tersebut. Dikenal sebagai colibacillosis. Patogenesa dari colibacillosis anak babi baru lahir adalah (1) infeksi oleh E. coli patogen, (2) proliferasi E. coli di lumen usus halus, (3) produksi dan pelepasan enterotoksin, dan (4) aktifitas toksin pada usus halus. Dalam proses proliferasi, adanya antigen pili K88 sangat penting karena memungkinkan bakteri perlekatan dengan epitel mucosa usus halus. mengadakan Setelah ko lonisasi dan proliferasi segera toksin dilepaskan. Akti- fitas toksin menginduksi sekresi yang berlebihan dari u- sus sehingga banyak cairan yang dikeluarkan ke lumen usus. Hal ini mengakibatkan banyak cairan dan elektrolit hilang sehingga timbul diare, dehidrasi dan asidosis yang sering menyebabkan kematian. Perubahan-perubahan patologis yang umum adalah dis tensi usus halus, dilatasi lambung dan infark pada kurva- tura mayor. Perubahan-perubahan histologis yang terjadi adalah enteritis hemorrhagica acuta, oedem dan kongesti pembuluh darah di lamina propria, akumulassi leukosit inti polimorf, sel monosit, dan inti sel mengalami piknosis Thrombus pada vena dan degenerasi serta desquamasi sel epitel usus….
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