Judul: Kajian Kinerja Proses Membran Nanofiltrasi dalam Pemisahan Asam Amino dari Hidrolisat Enzimatik Protein Cacing Tanah (Lumbricus rubellus)
Abstrak: Enzymatic protein hydrolisis can afford to prevent severity and rasemination of amino acid. Separation of amino acid using nanofiltration membrane could be an alternative methode that is possible ti apply in industrial scale.
Keyword: 

Judul: Pencirian membran selulosa asetat berbahan dasar selulosa bakteri dari limbah nanas
Abstrak: Penyaringan membran untuk industri makanan dan pengolahan limbah adalah sebuah tantangan dalam aplikasinya. Membran komersial memiliki harga yang relatif tinggi. Oleh sebab itu, perlu dicari metode yang sederhana untuk mendapatkan membran yang murah. Sebuah metode alternatif untuk membuat membran selulosa asetat (CA) berbahan dasar selulosa bakteri dari limbah nanas dicoba dalam penelitian ini. Selulosa bakteri (BC) dari limbah nanas yang dibentuk oleh Acetobater xylinum dimerserisasi dalam NaOH 1% (b/v). Bubuk BC kering diasetilasi dengan anhidrida asam asetat (1:5) (selulosa:anhidrida) selama 2 jam. Membran CA dibuat dengan cara melarutkan serpihan CA 14% (b/v) ke dalam diklorometana. Membran dibentuk dengan cara mencetak polimer CA dalam pelarut diklorometana menjadi film tipis. Membran CA dicirikan menggunakan seperangkat alat saring cross-flow. Alat saring cross-flow digunakan untuk pengukuran fluks air dan penyaringan bovine serum albumin (BSA). Penelitian ini menghasilkan selulosa asetat dengan kadar asetil 42.99% (setara dengan derajat asetilasi 2.8 sampai 2.9), kadar air 34.06%, dan rendemen sebesar 148.33%. Membran CA memiliki fluks air yang optimal pada tekanan 7.5 psi, dengan nilai rerata fluks sebesar 123.97 L/m2jam. Membran CA memiliki nilai fluks BSA sebesar 114.22 L/m2jam dan rerata rejeksi BSA sebesar 44.98%. Membran ini memiliki fungsi mikrofiltrasi bila dilihat dari hasil pencirian.
Keyword: 

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
Keyword: