Judul: Analysis of Trends and Consumer Awareness of Food Products with Claims in The Jabodetabek Area
Abstrak: Pangan fungsional dapat dikomersilkan menjadi pangan dengan klaim apabila dapat dibuktikan secara ilmiah. Berkembangnya zaman serta terjadinya pandemi global membuat konsumen beralih pada pangan yang memberikan manfaat kesehatan lebih. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tren dan kesadaran konsumen terhadap pangan berklaim, mengetahui peningkatan konsumsi produk pangan berklaim, jenis klaim pangan yang diperhatikan, faktor yang mempengaruhi dan sumber informasi yang diperoleh, serta mengidentifikasi pengaruh harga terhadap pembelian produk pangan berklaim. Penelitian dilakukan dengan survei secara online dengan tahapan yaitu studi literatur, penentuan metode pengambilan sampel, penentuan responden, pembuatan kuesioner, pengujian kuesioner, pengumpulan data, analisis data, dan pelaporan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji deskriptif, crosstab, Chi-square dan uji korelasi Rank Spearman dengan menggunakan software Microsoft Excel dan SPSS. Domisili berpengaruh signifikan terhadap rasa serta jenis kelamin berpengaruh signifikan terhadap sertifikasi sebagai faktor yang menjadi pertimbangan dalam konsumsi produk pangan berklaim. Usia dan tingkat pendidikan tidak berpengaruh signifikan dengan tingkat perhatian terhadap jenis klaim. Frekuensi konsumsi produk pangan berklaim paling banyak 1-2 kali dalam satu minggu dan selama pandemi Covid-19 cenderung mengalami peningkatan. Produk pangan berklaim yang paling banyak dikonsumsi adalah susu dan olahannya. Biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk konsumsi pangan berklaim berkorelasi positif dengan usia dan penghasilan responden., Functional food can be commercialized into food with a claim if it can be scientifically proven. The development of time and the occurrence of a global pandemic have made consumers turn to foods that can provide more health benefits. Therefore, this study aims to determine trends and consumer awareness of food products with claims, determine the increase in food products with claims consumption, identify the level of consumer understanding, the types of food claims that are considered, the factors that influence it, determine the source of information obtained by consumers about the product, and identify the effect of price on the purchase of food products with claims. The research was conducted by online survey with stages are literature study, determination of sampling methods, determination of respondents, making questionnaires, testing questionnaires, data collection, data analysis, and reporting. Data analysis was performed by descriptive test, crosstab, Chi-square and Rank Spearman correlation test using Microsoft Excel and SPSS software. Domicile has a significant effect on taste and gender has a significant effect on certification as a factor in the consumption of food products with claims. Age and education level did not have a significant effect on the level of attention to the type of claim. The frequency of consumption of food products with claims is mostly 1-2 times a week and during the Covid-19 pandemic the consumption has increased. Food products with claims that the most consumed is milk and its processed products. Costs incurred for food products with claims have a positive correlation with the age and income level of the respondent.
Keyword: klaim, pangan fungsional, survei online, tren, claim, functional food, online survey, trend

Judul: Identification of Changes in Food Consumer Behavior during the Covid-19 Pandemic in Jabodetabek
Abstrak: Adanya pandemi Covid-19, kemungkinan dapat mengakibatkan perubahan pola perilaku konsumen pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui produk pangan yang dibeli selama pandemi Covid-19, mengidentifikasi cara pembelian produk pangan dan tempat pembeliannya, mengidentifikasi faktor yang memengaruhi konsumen dalam membeli produk pangan, serta membandingkan perilaku konsumen sebelum dan selama pandemi Covid-19 di wilayah Jabodetabek. Metode yang digunakan yaitu survei online dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis korelasi. Hasil survei menunjukkan bahwa terdapat produk yang mengalami peningkatan pembelian yaitu sayur dan buah segar, telur, mi instan, air mineral, minuman herbal, serta jus buah. Produk yang mengalami penurunan pembelian yaitu minuman karbonasi, minuman energi, sirup, makanan siap saji, serta makanan kaleng. Produk yang tidak mengalami perubahan pembelian diantaranya beras, daging segar maupun olahan, ikan dan seafood, roti, biskuit dan kue kering, susu dan olahannya, makanan ringan, makanan beku, sereal sarapan, bumbu masakan instan, teh siap minum, minuman isotonik, serta konfeksioneri. Terjadi pula peningkatan cara pembelian melalui online store selama pandemi Covid-19. Hasil uji Chi-Square menunjukkan terdapat 13 faktor yang memengaruhi pembelian beberapa produk pangan selama pandemi Covid-19 diantaranya yaitu domisili, jenis kelamin, usia, pendidikan, pekerjaan, merek, sensori, manfaat, kemudahan diperoleh, kandungan gizi, keamanan pangan, harga, serta ketersediaan., The existence of Covid-19 pandemic is thought to have resulted in changes in food consumer behavior patterns. This study aims to determine the food products purchased during Covid-19 pandemic, identify how to purchase food products and where to buy them, identify factors that influence consumers to buy food products, and compare consumer behavior before and during the Covid-19 pandemic in Jabodetabek. The method used is an online survey with purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and correlation analysis. The survey results showed that there were products that experienced an increase in purchases, such as fresh vegetables and fruit, eggs, instant noodles, mineral water, herbal drinks, and fruit juices. Products that experienced a decline in purchases were carbonated drinks, energy drinks, syrups, ready-to-eat food and canned food. Products that are regularly purchased include rice, fresh and processed meat, fish and seafood, bread, biscuits and pastries, milk and processed foods, snacks, frozen foods, breakfast cereals, instant cooking spices, ready-to-drink tea, isotonic drinks, and confectionery. There has also been an increase in ways of purchasing via online stores during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results of Chi-Square test showed that there were 13 factors that influenced the purchase of several food products during the Covid-19 pandemic including domicile, gender, age, education, occupation, brand, sensory, benefits, accessibility, nutritional content, food safety, price, and product availability.
Keyword: Covid-19, Perilaku konsumen, Survei online, consumer behavior, covid-19, online survey

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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