Judul: Pengaruh Ekstrak Etanol Biji Mahoni (Swietenia Mahagony Jacq.) Terhadap Kandungan Karbohidrat Pada Hati Dan Otot Tikus Model Diabetes Melitus
Abstrak: Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan suatu penyakit yang dicirikan dengan tingginya kadar glukosa dalam darah (hiperglikemia). Kondisi hiperglikemia dapat disebabkan karena rendahnya insulin atau terjadi resistensi insulin. Glukosa yang akan diubah menjadi glikogen tidak dapat masuk ke dalam sel karena kurangnya insulin (hormon yang menyebabkan defisiensi glukosa intraseluler). Hal ini menyebabkan kandungan glikogen dalam berbagai organ menurun pada kondisi DM. Mahoni (Swietenia mahagony Jacq.) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang secara empiris sering digunakan sebagai obat diabetes. Ekstrak etanol biji mahoni diketahui mampu menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dan menghambat kerja enzim α-glukosidase, namun efeknya terhadap kandungan karbohidrat netral secara histologis belum diuji. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh pemberian ekstrak etanol biji mahoni (Swietenia mahagony Jacq.) terhadap berat badan tikus, konsumsi ransum, kadar glukosa darah, dan kandungan karbohidrat pada hati dan otot kerangka tikus model diabetes. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan 25 ekor tikus tikus jantan (Sprague dawley) yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif (K-), kontrol positif DM (K+), kelompok DM yang diberi ekstrak biji mahoni (EM), kelompok DM yang diberi obat (KO), dan non DM yang diberi ekstrak biji mahoni (KE). Kondisi diabetes diperoleh dengan induksi aloksan (110 mg/kgBB). Pengamatan dilakukan selama 28 hari. Tikus diterminasi dengan menggunakan ketamine 75 mg/kgBB dan silasin 8 mg/kgBB pada akhir pengamatan. Hati dan otot tikus diambil untuk dianalisis kandungan karbohidratnya menggunakan metode pewarnaan PAS. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol biji mahoni mampu meningkatkan berat badan (BB), menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dan meningkatkan karbohidrat pada hati dan otot kerangka tikus model diabetes.
Keyword: karbohidrat, diabetes, hati, ekstrak biji mahoni, otot kerangka

Judul: Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Biji Mahoni (Swietenia mahagoni Jacq.) Terhadap Profil Sel β Pankreas pada Tikus Diabetes Mellitus.
Abstrak: The aim of this research was to analyze the effect of ethanol mahogany seeds extract on body weight, total feed consumtion, blood glucose level, the number of beta cells and the islets of Langerhans in the pancreatic tissue of diabetic rats.This study used 25 male rats (Sprague Dawley). The rats were divided into 5 groups: (i) negative control group (K-), (ii) positive control group/diabetes mellitus (DM) (K+), (iii) DM group that was treated with 500 mg/kgBW of the ethanol mahagony seeds extract (EM), (iv) DM group that was treated with acarbose (KO), and (v) non DM group that was treated with 500 mg/kgBW of the ethanol mahagony seed extract (KE). DM condition was obtained by alloxan induction (110 mg/kgBW). The treatments were done for 28 days. Body weight, total feed intake, and blood glucose level were measured during the treatments. At the end of treatments, the pancreas tissues were then obtained and analyzed for the number of beta cells. This study showed that ethanol Swietenia mahagony seeds extract increased body weight, decrease blood glucose level and inhibit the rate of pancreatic β cells damage in the experimental diabetic rats.
Keyword: Mahogany seed extract, diabetes mellitus, beta cells, islets of Langerhans, rats

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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