Judul: Amino Acid Supplementation into High Fat Broiler Diet for Reducing Abdominal Fat Deposition
Abstrak: Fats or oils are used in poultry nutrition as source of energy, essential fatty acids and carrier of fat soluble vitamins. Most oil that used in Indonesia feed industry is palm oil that has metabolizable energy 8000 kcal kg-1. Fatty acids contained in palm oil are greatly palmitic acid of 39.23% and oleic acid of 38.21%. Palm oil utilization up to 6% do not affect abdominal fat deposition. Abdominal fat become a problem in modern broiler chicken industry. Abdominal fat do not only reduce carcass yield percentage and feed efficiency, but is also rejected by costumer. Abdominal fat might be reduced with the increasing digestibility and metabolisibility fat in the diet by amino acids supplementation. Glycine and taurine were amino acids that have role to synthesize bile salt for fat emulsification. Lysine and methionine were precursor to synthesize L-carnitine that has function to transport fatty acid for -oxidation process in mitochondria. The aim of this study was to elaborate appropriate amino acids supplementation into high fat broiler diet to improve fat absorption and metabolism in order to reduce abdominal fat deposition. This study used 240 day old broilers Cobb strain. They were placed randomly into 24 pens with density of 10 birds/m2. Broiler chickens were given feed and water ad libitum for 42 days. At 21st and 42nd day, each treatments were taken four broiler chicken come from each replication. They were slaughtered and their blood serum were taken. The treatments diet were R0 (basal diet contained 5% palm oil), R1 (R0 + 0,25% glycine), R2 (R0 + 0,25% taurine), R3 (R0 + 15% total lysine and methionine of basal diet), R4 (R0 + 0,25% glycine + 0,25% taurine), and R5 (R0 + 0,25% glycine + 0,25% taurine + 15% total lysine and methionine of basal diet). Completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 4 replicates was used in this study. The variables measured were performances, serum metabolites, gall bladder characteristics, apparent digestion coefficient of nutrients, nutrients content of meat, and relative weight of carcass and organs broiler chicken. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and if any means significant differences were continued by Duncan multiple range test, except mortality. The results showed that all amino acids supplementation significantly reduced feed consumption, body weight and weight gain at 1-42 day old broiler chickens. Feed conversion broiler chicken for 1-42 day old fed R2 and R3 significantly increased, R1 and R4 were not significant, and R5 significantly reduced compared control. Chicken fed R3 had highest mortality than those of other groups. All supplementation of amino acids significantly increased serum uric acid and triglyceride, but significantly reduced serum cholesterol broiler chicken at 21 and 42 days old. Gall blader relative weight for 21 days fed R1 and R4 significantly increased, but fed R2 significantly increased at 42 days. All amino acid supplementations increased gall blader weight broiler chicken at 21 days, except fed R3. Whereas, broiler chicken fed R3 significantly reduced gall blader weight at 42 days. Weight and volume of bile liquid broiler chicken fed R1, R2 and R4 at significantly
Keyword: Abdominal fat, amino acid supplementation, broiler chicken, bile salt, L-carnitine

Judul: Metabolisme lemak ayam broiler yang diberi pakan berbasis karbohidrat atau lemak yang disuplementasi vitamin E dan vitamin C melalui air minum.
Abstrak: Indonesia as a tropical country potentially lead to a less comfortable conditions for the production of broiler chickens. Stress conditions can stimulate cell membrane and tissue damage, so it can give a negative impact on the chickens, for example the liver. It is necessary to neutralize (antioxidants) lipid peroxidation and detoxification of toxic metabolic products in an effort to maintain or increase fat metabolism in the liver. Objectives of thus research were to evaluate the vitamin E and C supplementation through drinking water to overcome the existence of free radicals and lipid metabolism in the body. Research used the 160 male Ross broiler strain with weight of 38 ± 2 g with a brand CP 707 (Ross strain). For the first week, the broiler chickens were fed a commercial starter of PT Charoen Pokphand Indonesia, then followed by two types feed namely carbohydrate-based (PC) and fat-based (PL) rations, depend of fat level content in the feed. Vitamin C was given at 60 mg/l of drinking water and vitamin E at 8 mg/l of drinking water of PT Trouw Nutrition Indonesia. Data collection were done for 21 days after the age of 8-28 days with 4 combination treatments, 4 replicates and 10 chickens per replicate. Research using factorial completely randomized design (CRD factorial). The data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by orthogonal contrast test. The data obtained were tested using the General Linear Model procedure using SAS software version 9.1. Some aspects analyzed are the malonaldehid (MDA), blood profile, blood chemistry, apparent metabolize energy, nitrogen retention, fat retention and broiler performance. The results showed that blood profile, blood chemistry, malonaldehid (MDA), relative liver weights and body weight gain were not affected (P > 0.05) due to the treatments. On the other hand total cholesterol (P < 0.01) and HDL cholesterol (P < 0.05) were significantly affected by the treatments. Feed intake and feed conversion ratio significantly different (P < 0.01) caused by interaction of vitamin supplementation through drinking water with fat based rations. In conclusion , fat based rations is more profitable (IOFC) and improve feed conversion ratio of broiler chickens during heat stress when supplemented with vitamin E and vitamin C through drinking
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Judul: Pengembangan model markov tersembunyi pada identifikasi pembicara
Abstrak: Model Markov Tersembunyi merupakan suatu model yang tersusun dari dua buah proses stokastik, yaitu rantai Markov untuk menampung kemajuan temporal dan proses yang teramati untuk menampung variasi akustik. Model ini dapat digunakan sebagai metode pencocokan pola pada sistem identifikasi pembicaraan. Setiap model mewakili referensi pola dari seorang pembicara di dalam sistem identifikasi pembicara.
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