Judul: Strategi Pengendalian Degradasi Hutan di Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Salak
Abstrak: Forest degradation can be defined as changes within the forest which negatively affect the structure or function of the stand or site, and thereby lower the capacity to supply products and/or services. The process involving the canopy quality decrease and forest structure in a long term. Therefore, to detect and manage the rate of degradation, satellite remote sensing provides the capabilities to monitor it time effectively. Forest degradation caused by interaction of many factors, hence driving factors analysis required to arrange the strategy of forest degradation management. The aim of this study is to analyze the forest degradation within the Halimun Salak National Park (TNGHS). The specific objectives of the study are 1) to detect the forest degradation level by canopy cover as the indicator, 2) to assess the forest degradation driving factors, and 3) to arrange the forest degradation management strategy in TNGHS. The forest canopy density (FCD) method was used to detect the degradation by percentage of canopy cover as the indicator. The canopy cover was devided in 4 cover density class, i.e non forest (0-10% canopy cover), low density forest (11-30%), moderate density (31-50%) and high density forest (51-100%). Decreasing among the forest density class hereinafter appointed as slightly degraded forest, severely degraded forest, and deforestation. The spatial analysis result showed that among 2003 – 2007 degraded forest cover a total area of 5005,71 Ha, while slightly degraded forest occupied for 2764,80 Ha, deforestation 1493,46 Ha and severely degraded forest is 747,45 Ha. Then, among 2003 – 2011, indicates that the area interpreted as deforestation had becoming less than before. This can be caused by vast cloud coverage in 2011 imagery, also rehabilitation and restoration in open area, so in time of data interpretation the visibility of vegetation cover identified as forest canopy cover. During 2003 – 2011 period, the result showed that slightly degraded forest occupied for 6197,13 Ha, severely degraded forest for 1200,15 Ha, and deforestation for 189,9 Ha. Stepwise regression was used to assess the driving factors affecting the total area of forest degradation. The observation unit is village (Desa) within the study site. Based on regression technique, the distance to the sub-district (Kecamatan) is the most important variable for forest degradation total area. The other significant factors are population growth, growth of build up area (non agriculture area), and percentage of amount agriculture household. Distance to the sub-district and growth of build up area show that there is space utilization, both inside the park or regency administrative area. While, population growth and amount of agriculture household are underlying process which drive the change of space utilization pattern and intensity, so that lead to allocation changing for every land use to support the region growth to fulfill the population need. Considering that TNGHS presence as both cross-section and interest stakeholders, then the regulation establishment is needed first in term the space utilization, due to its important role to control or manage the forest degradation driving factors. In arrangement of the strategy, degradation management focus was determined by the role and implementation of regulation and policy related
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Judul: Analisis Perubahan Penutupan dan Pola Pemanfaatan Lahan di Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Salak Menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografi (SIG) (Studi Kasus: Kampung Adat Lebak Picung)
Abstrak: Gunung Halimun Salak National Park (GHSNP) is one of the conservation areas that have been facing forest cover changes rapidly. It’s related to people activities in and around the area. One of the communities which have been living at surround the GHSNP is indigenous peopleof Kampung Lebak Picung, Desa Hegarmanah, Kecamatan Cibeber, Kabupaten Lebak, Banten. They have been practicing shifting cultivation system. It is feared the system willm lead to forest conversion in GHSNP area. Data and information of the conditions in Kampung Lebak Picung area can be analyzed through technology Geographic Information System (GIS). The aim of this research is to study land cover changes in Kampung Lebak Picung, to investigate factors that influence land cover change, and review procedures of land management by the community at Kampung Lebak Picung Social data, and ground control point were taken in Kampung Lebak Picung for one month in June 2009. Collected data included spatial data in the form of maps, Landsat image TM and ETM + in 1989, 1997, 2007 and attribute data include sociocultural conditions, management and land use, and people perception. Spatial data were prossed by using Geographic Information System technology and Remote Sensing. The result of image processing were analyzed qualitatively using the attribute data to determine its impact on land cover changes. Land cover types in Kampung Lebak Picung consist of forest, mixed gardens, shrubs, fields, rice fields, water bodies, open land, built up land, and no data. In the period 1989-2007, rice fields land cover type were decrease. Meanwhile fields and water body land cover type were increase. In general, several types of land cover area fluctuated. Fluctuations occur on forest land cover, mixed gardens, shrubs, and open land types. In 1997, forest area were increase 20,47 ha but mixed garden and shrubs decrease of 41.93 ha and 3.27 ha. In 2007, forest land cover types decreased of 19.28 hectares but shrubs were increase 2,50 ha. Land cover changes were influenced by the increasing population and implementation of shifting cultivation system to arable land use (mixed garden and fields). Most of income source is farmers (91.67%) therefore usage of arable land (paddy fields, fields, and mix gardens) was very high. It’s feared, it will lead to forest conversion to arable land. In fact for this period of reseaerch arable land is sufficient to meet the needs of the community. Generally, people had high perception for the existence of forest, but people's knowledge of the forests and national parks are still quite low. Factor that influence land cover change are social condition, especially in land management systems. To anticipate expansion of cultivation land into forest area, the National park should alocate those activities in spesific area/zone.For that purpose the National Park should supervise the activities.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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