Judul: Quality Improvement of Fermentation Straw Forage with Plukentia volubilis L and Gynura procumbens leaf powder
Abstrak: Penelitian dengan tujuan menguji kualitas silase jerami padi baik kualitas fisik, kimia, dan mikrobiologi dengan penambahan bungkil sacha inchi dan tepung daun sambung nyawa menggunakan metode rancangan acak lengkap dengan 9 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Peubah yang diamati adalah kualitas fisik (Warna, aroma, tekstur, jamur), kualitas kimia (pH, kandungan berat kering, kandungan abu, kandungan protein kasar, kandungan serat kasar, kandungan lemak kasar), dan kualitas mikrobiologi (populasi bakteri pada media MRS, NA, PDA, dan BLB). Hasil uji kualitas fisik menunjukan bahwa pemberian bungkil sacha inchi dan tepung daun sambung nyawa tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) terhadap kualitas silase jerami padi. Hasil uji kualitas kimia menunjukan bahwa pemberian bungkil sacha inchi dan tepung daun sambung nyawa berpengaruh nyata meningkatkan kandungan nutrisi silase jerami padi (P<0,05). Hasil uji mikrobiologi menunjukan bahwa pemberian bungkil sacha inchi dan tepung daun sambung nyawa berpengaruh mempertahankan silase dari mikroba patogen., The research aimed to testing the quality of rice straw silage in terms of physical, chemical and microbiological quality with the addition of sacha inchi meal and Gynura procumbens leaf powder used a completely randomized design with 9 treatments and 5 replications. The observed variables were physical quality (color, flavour, texture, mold), chemical quality (pH, dry matter, ash, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat), and microbiological quality (bacterial population on media De Man Rogosa an Sharpe, nutrient agar, potato dextrose agar and Blue light broth. The results of the physical quality test showed that the addition of sacha inchi meal and Gynura procumbens leaf powder was not significantly different (P>0.05) on the quality of rice straw silage. The results of the chemical quality test showed that the addition of sacha inchi meal and Gynura procumbens leaf powder had a significant effect on increasing the nutritional content of rice straw silage (P<0.05). The results of microbiological tests showed that the addition of sacha inchi meal and Gynura procumbens leaf powder had an effect on maintaining silage from pathogenic microbes.
Keyword: Gynura procumbens leaf powder, sacha inchi meal, silage, strain

Judul: Effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Bacteria as Inoculum on Nutrien Content and Characteristics of Rice Straw Silage
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi galur bakteri asam laktat (BAL) yang sesuai untuk pembuatan silase jerami padi Varietas Sintanur dan mengevaluasi pengaruh BAL sebagai inokulum dan waktu ensilase untuk meningkatkan kualitas silase jerami padi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Pusat Riset Zoologi Terapan, Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN). Penelitian ini dirancang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap faktorial 3x4 (RAL). Faktor pertama adalah jenis inokulum (1%) dan faktor kedua adalah waktu fermentasi (7, 14, 28 dan 58 hari). Tahap pertama seleksi dilakukan dengan menapis 9 isolat Lactiplantibacillus plantarum berdasarkan kemampuan memproduksi asam (pH) dan jumlah kandungan asam laktatnya. Tahap kedua dilakukan pengamatan terhadap kurva pertumbuhan isolat terpilih sebagai inokulum silase jerami padi. Tahap ketiga adalah pengujian kualitas silase jerami padi dengan parameter yang diamati meliputi nilai pH, kandungan asam laktat, Water Soluble Carbohydrate (WSC), kandungan NH3-N, kandungan protein, kadar abu, kadar air dan berat bahan kering. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan analisis varians (ANOVA) dan jika terdapat pengaruh nyata perlakuan dilanjutkan Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Galur bakteri asam laktat yang terpilih L. plantarum 1A2 dan 098 menunjukkan hasil interaksi yang signifikan (p<0,05) antar perlakuan inokulum dan waktu inkubasi. Tidak ada pengaruh interaksi antara faktor inokulum dan lama fermentasi pada kadar abu dan kadar air. Nilai pH, kandungan asam laktat, WSC, kandungan NH3-N kandungan protein dan bahan kering berbeda nyata (p<0,05) dipengaruhi oleh inokulum dan lama fermentasi silase jerami padi. Inokulum L. plantarum 098 meningkatkan kadar protein kasar, asam laktat dan NH3-N dalam silase jerami padi dan menurunkan pH sehingga meningkatkan kualitas fermentasi pada silase., This study aimed to evaluate the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains that are suitable for producing rice straw silage Sintanur variety and the effect of LAB as an inoculum and ensilage days to improve the quality of silage. The experiment was conducted at the Research Center for Applied Zoology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN). This experiment was designed using a 3×4 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design (CRD). The first factor was inoculums (1%) and the second factor was the incubation time (7, 14, 28 and 58 days). Selection of microbes that can produce acid (pH) from 9 inoculums of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum bacteria, two stains of lactic acid bacteria 1A2 and 098 were added to the 150 g rice straw. The parameters observed included the production of pH, lactic acid, WSC, and NH3-N well as the proximate analyze crude protein, ash, dry matter, and water contents. The data were analyzed based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and if there was a significant effect the data were further analyzed with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The results showed significant interactions (p<0.05) compared with treating inoculant and ensiling days. The inoculant and ensiling days, however, had no interaction effect on ash and water content. The fermentation time influenced (p<0.05) the production of quality silage. pH, lactic acid, WSC, NH3-N, and crude protein significant interactions (p<0.05). In conclusion, Inoculant 098 increased the crude protein, lactic acid, and NH3-N in rice straw silage and decreased the pH improving the fermentation quality. Keywords: fermentation, rice straw silage, inoculant, lactic acid bacteria
Keyword: fermentation, rice straw silage, inoculant, lactic acid bacteria

Judul: Penentuan Nilai Eigen dan Vektor Eigen dari Matriks Tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz dengan Pendekatan Polinomial Chebyshev
Abstrak: The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a matrix can be determined by finding its characteristic polynomials. The characteristic polynomials of a tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz matrix is shown to be closely connected to polynomials which satisfy the Chebyshev recurrence relationship. If the order of the matrix is odd, then the eigenvalues are found explicitly in terms of the Chebyshev zeros and the eigenvectors are found in terms of the polynomials satisfying the recurrence relationship. For even ordered matrices, the situation is more complicated. The problem in these cases is that although the Chebyshev recurrence formula is still applied, its initial values are not generating Chebyshev polynomials
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