Judul: Energy and protein requirements of the etta wah cross for breeding bucks
Abstrak: Neraca perdagangan peternakan terus-menerus negatif Dalam kondisi krisis ekonomi impor susu dan daging tidak mengalami perubahan yang berarti. Misalnya dalam kurun waktu 1994 - 1998, rataan nilai impor susu dan daging berkisar sekitar US$ 160 juta dan $ 32.4 juta per tahun (Direktorat Jenderal Peternakan, 1999). Pemacuan produksi susu dan daging ruminansia tampak menghadapi hambatan akibat tekanan penduduk di sentra produksi. Misalnya keadaan dalam 5 tahun terakhir, hubungan antara X = kepadatan penduduk (jiwa/km2 ) dengan Y = kepadatan ternak ruminansia besar (ekor/km2 ) terlihat sebagai berikut: Y = - 7.445 + 0.2633 X - 0.0002 X2 dengan keeratan hubungan (R2 ) 0.8560 dan simpangan baku (Sb) 9.041. Berarti bahwa kepadatan ternak ruminansia besar dapat meningkat sejalan dengan kenaikan kepadatan penduduk sampai dengan kepadatan penduduk 658 jiwa/km2 . Setelah itu, kepadatan ternak menurun. Akan tetapi hubungan kepadatan ruminansia kecil tampak seperti: Y = 1.0047 + 0.0643 X + 0.00005 X2 dengan R2 = 0.9193 dan Sb = 10.59. Berarti kepadatan ternak ruminansia kecil belum tampak titik jenuhnya. Kondisi ini merupakan peluang dan tantangan untuk mengembangkan peternakan kambing secara maksimal, mengingat secara biologis ternak ini adalah prolifik dan dapat diterima secara luas oleh masyarakat sehingga mempermudah pengembangannya. Kambing PE merupakan hasil kawin silang antara kambing Kacang dengan kambing Etawah, dengan kinerja yang sangat beragam akibat dari sistem pemuliaan dan seleksi yang tidak terarah. Secara genetik, ternak ini berpotensi sebagai penghasil daging dan susu, namun potensi ini belum dikembangkan secara maksimal. Di Balitnak CiawiBogor telah dilakukan seleksi terhadap kambing PE untuk mendapatkan bibit guna memacu produktivitas daging dan susu., Since milk production of dairy cattle tends to decline, there is a growing interest d consumption of goat milk out of the Ettawah Cross. The genetic make up of the als is quite variable so as selection is necessary. A proper selection needs a good n ition. There is a need therefore, to define their energy and protein requirements. e ty seven buck kids were subjected randomly to 3 levels metabolizable energy (Ivffi) ( . , 3.0, and 3.2 Mcal.kg-1) and 3 levels crude protein (CP) (9.7, 11.8, and 14.4%). The ani al requirements were defined as Y = awP1 .G132.(CPIMEl3 , where W = liveweight (kg), G = liveweight gain (g.daf1), and Y = ME (kcal.daf1), CP (g.dal), Ca (mg.daf1), P ( g.daf1 ) or Zn (ppm.day-1 ). All the regression equations were real (p<0.01 ). It was ated that the maintenance requirements of animal were 106 kcal 1vffi, 4.40 g CP, 261 mg a, 157 mg P, and 1.82 ppm Zn.kg-1w°75 . Each g of liveweight gain required addi ional allowance of 7.59 kcal 1vffi, 0.315 g CP, 12.6 mg Ca, 11.2 mg P, and 0.203 ppm n. The figure was slightly higher than those recommended by the NRC (1981). The reaction norms between N intake and N retention changed with the CP/ME ratio . There were phenotypic plasticity phenomena of nutrition and reproduction vari bles. The animal on low protein level showed a clear trade off among traits such as the ecrease in live weight gain was associated with an increase in
Keyword: dairy cattle, Breeeding bucks, Etawah

Judul: Produktivitas Kambing Peranakan Etawah Jantan dan Betina dengan Pemberian Ransum Grower Komplit Tinggi Energi dan Protein
Abstrak: Etawah goats in growing phase require a complete and balance nutrition for growth and preparation for reproduction phase, especially energy and protein. This research aimed to compare the productivity of Etawah growing kids fed with high energy and proteins complete rations based on NRC (2006). This research used 4 male and 4 female goats at 4 months age with initial body weight of 11.38±3.15 kg and 12.13±2.70 kg, respectively the data were analyzed with TTest with 2 treatments (male and female) and 4 groups. Concentrate and forages ratio was 90% and 10% from total feed. Parameters in this research were dry matter intake, body weight gain, protein efficiency ratio, and feed conversion ratio. Statistical analysis showed that no significant results for dry matter intakes (g day- 1), but body weight gain (g day-1), feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio of male goats was significantly (P<0.05) better than female group. These results indicated that consumption and body weight gain were in line with NRC (2006) recomendation so as to the implementation in Indonesia needs to be further investigated.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), performance, high energy protein rations, feed conversion, etawah growing kids

Judul: Formulasi Hamiltonian untuk Menggambarkan Gerak Gelombang Soliter Dimensi Tiga di Permukaan Laut
Abstrak: Gelombang permukaan adalah gelombang yang terjadi perbedaan rapat massa antara air dan udara. Salah satu gelombang permukaan yang ditinjau adalah gelombang soliter. Formulasi gelombang soliter dilakukan dengan menggunakan formulasi Hamiltonian.
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