Judul: Konversi Lahan Pertanian dan Sikap Petani di Desa Cihideung Ilir Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: This study showed that the patterns of conversion is mostly occurs rapidly and by switching control to others. Converted lands generally used for housing. Factors affecting land conversion can be categorized into internal factors such as urgent economic needs and the desire to change the fate, and external factors such as population growth and government policies. The impact of land conversion on the socioeconomic conditions consist of reduced rice yield, decreased farmers’s income, reduced household food security, reduced employment opportunities in agriculture, farmers’s limited access to agricultural land, and others. However there are positive impact as well, that is construction of housing may indicate the development of rural economy. The attitude of farmers to conversion of agricultural land has no relation to the characteristics of the respondents including gender, age, educational level, farm employment status, number of dependents in the family, income level, as well as broad and land tenure.
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Judul: Konversi Lahan Pertanian dan Perubahan Taraf Hidup Rumahtangga Petani: Kasus Pembangunan Perumahan X di Kampung Cibeureum Sunting dan Kampung Pabuaran, Kelurahan Mulyaharja, Kecamatan Bogor Selatan, Kota Bogor, Provinsi Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Conversion of agricultural land and changes in household living standards of farmers: a case of Housing Development by PT. X in Kampung Cibeureum Sunting and Kampung Pabuaran, Kelurahan Mulyaharja, Kecamatan Bogor Selatan, Kota Bogor, West Java. The objectives of this study were: (1) identified household living standards of farmers after the land conversion, (2) analyzed the factors associated with land conversion rates by farmers. The research applied a quantitative approach which supported by qualitative information. The quantitative data were collected by using survey method on 35 farmers household . The results of this study showed that after the conversion of land, household living standard of farmers increased, especially for lower-class farmers households. Internal factors and external factors affect different for each of the farmers. In this study, the internal factors that affected the rate of land conversion is dependence on the land. Dependence of land only affect the conversion rate at the lower class farmers. External factors also have different effect on each among farmers. In this study, external factors which affected the conversion rate is the influence of neighborss, the influence of neighbors only affected the conversion rate at the lower-class farmers. Key words: Conversion, land, farmers
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Judul: Reprocessing Crystal Structure of Vibrio  cholerae Multidrug and Toxic Compound Extrusion (MATE) Transporter with  AlphaFold2 as Search Model for Molecular Replacement
Abstrak: Transporter ESBM (Ekstrusi Senyawa Beracun dan Multi Obat) pada Vibrio cholerae telah diidentifikasi sebagai salah satu faktor penyebab resistensi terhadap antibiotik. Namun, struktur ESBM yang tersedia pada RCSB (3MKT) masih memiliki kualitas rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperbaiki struktur kristal transporter ESBM V. cholerae pada database dengan struktur prediksi AlphaFold2. Struktur prediksi AlphaFold2 memiliki tingkat kepercayaan tinggi berdasarkan nilai plDDT sebesar 82,9 dan pTM sebesar 0,851 yang digunakan sebagai model dasar molecular replacement dengan nilai top LLG sebesar 826,549 dan top TFZ sebesar 25,6, dilanjutkan dengan proses refinement. Hasil refinement menunjukkan adanya perbaikan signifikan dalam berbagai parameter struktural seperti Rfree, Rwork, clashscore, Ramachandran outliers, sidechain outliers, dan Real Space Correlation. Superimpose antara struktur hasil refine dengan struktur awal pada database menghasilkan nilai RMSD sebesar 3,086 Å. Proses refinement yang dilakukan menghasilkan struktur yang secara keseluruhan memiliki kualitas yang lebih baik dari struktur database, Multidrug and Toxic Compound Extrusion (MATE) transporter in Vibrio cholerae has been identified as a significant contributor to antibiotic resistance. However, the available MATE structure in the RCSB database (3MKT) has suboptimal quality. This study aimed to enhance the crystal structure of MATE transporter in the database using the AlphaFold2 predicted structure which has a high level of confidence based on a plDDT score of 82.9 and pTM score of 0.851. The predicted structure of AlphaFold2 served as a search model for Molecular Replacement with top LLG and TFZ scores of 826.549 and 25.6, respectively, followed by a refinement process. The refinement process significantly enhanced various structural parameters such as Rfree, Rwork, clashscore, ramachandran outliers, sidechain outliers, and Real Space Correlation. Superimposing the refined structure with the initial structure in the RCSB database revealed an RMSD value of 3.086 Å. The conclusion of this research was the refinement process results had been better quality structure than the database structure
Keyword: AlphaFold2, MATE transporter, molecular replacement, refinement, x-ray crystallography