Judul: Similarity Search Approach and Molecular  Docking of Butyrolactone III to α-Glucosidase Enzymes as an Inhibitor
Abstrak: Obat-obat komersil yang tersedia dengan mekanisme penghambatan enzim α-glukosidase memiliki efek samping. Oleh karena itu, proses penelitian masih melakukan pencarian dan pengembangan senyawa baru dengan potensi inhibisi kuat dan efek samping lebih kecil. Kandidat inhibitor, butyrolactone III, mampu menghambat aktivitas enzim α-glukosidase secara in vitro. Penelitian ini bertujuan mencari kandidat baru inhibitor α-glukosidase menggunakan pendekatan similarity search terhadap butyrolactone III. Langkah penelitian antara lain, preparasi struktur protein, pencarian ligan-ligan uji berbasis similarity search, validasi gridbox, penapisan virtual, identifikasi interaksi kompleks enzim-ligan, dan prediksi toksisitasnya. Hasilnya diperoleh struktur kristal dengan PDB ID 3L4U dan 46 ligan uji. Terdapat tujuh ligan yang lolos penapisan virtual, namun tiga diantaranya tidak lolos uji prediksi toksisitas. Ligan terbaik yang diperoleh adalah asperjinone, ligan dari A. terreus, dengan nilai energi bebas Gibbs dan Kd terendah. Seluruh interaksi kompleks asperjinone-enzim berada pada situs pengikatan substrat enzim.
Keyword: butyrolactone III, diabetes melitus, penambatan molekul, similarity search

Judul: Hubungan Struktur dan Aktivitas Senyawa Biflavonoid Genus Araucaria sebagai Inhibitor Enzim α-Glukosidase secara In Silico
Abstrak: Diabetes melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit gangguan metabolik yang ditandai dengan tingginya kadar gula dalam darah. Indonesia menempati urutan ke-5 jumlah penderita DM tertinggi di dunia. Acarbose, agen antidiabetik komersial yang bekerja dengan menghambat α-glukosidase, penggunaannya dalam jangka panjang menimbulkan efek samping sehingga senyawa potensial dari bahan alam diperlukan sebagai alternatif. Pengembangan obat baru perlu diprediksi melalui metode in silico agar menghemat biaya dan waktu karena dapat dilakukan dengan cepat secara komputasi. Genus Araucaria, kelompok tanaman yang mengandung biflavonoid, diprediksi dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah melalui inhibisi α-glukosidase. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji interaksi molekuler dengan teknik simulasi penambatan molekuler, serta menguji potensi senyawa biflavonoid genus Araucaria sebagai inhibitor α-glukosidase secara in silico berdasarkan struktur dan gugus fungsinya. Hasil penambatan molekuler menunjukkan bahwa ligan uji (5), diprediksi sebagai ligan yang paling berpotensi sebagai inhibitor α-glukosidase dengan nilai ∆G -8,6 kkal/mol, Ki 0,489 μM, dan Binding Site Similarity 68,75% terhadap keseluruhan residu sekitar reseptor., Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels. Indonesia ranks 5th with the highest number of DM sufferers in the world. Acarbose, a commercial antidiabetic agent that works by inhibiting α-glucosidase, its long-term use often causes side effects, so potential compounds from natural ingredients need as alternatives. New drug development needs to be predicted through in silico method to save costs and time because it is done computationally fast. The genus Araucaria, a group of plants containing biflavonoids, is predicted to lower blood glucose levels through α-glucosidase inhibition. This study examines the molecular interactions with molecular docking simulation techniques and examines the potential of biflavonoid compounds of the genus Araucaria as α-glucosidase inhibitors using in silico analysis of their structure and functional groups. The molecular docking results showed that the test ligand (5), was predicted to be the ligand with the most potential as an α-glucosidase inhibitor with ∆G -8,6 kcal/mol, Ki 0,489 M, and Binding Site Similarity 68,75% of the total residue around the receptor.
Keyword: α-Glukosidase, Diabetes, Araucaria, Penambatan Molekuler

Judul: Pola Pewarisan Karakter Suara Kicauan Pada Burung Perkutut
Abstrak: Turtledove (Geopelia striata) is a singing birds that has a better melodious voice. The inheritance of this character has not been determined, so that research on the voice inheritance is important. This study was aimed to characterize the voice patterns turtledove. Materials consisted of 12 pairs of parents and their progenies. Twelve of their turtledove was ranked based on their sound quality. The parameters observed included voice patterns, the presence of elements of sound, the type of sound, harmonious sound (frequency and level of sound intensity) and duration of the total sound. Voice analysis was done by using computer software Cool Edit Pro version 2.1. Sound visualization was displayed in waveform shape. Sound intensity level was determined using the formula TI = 10 log I/I0, with the value I0 at 10-12 W/m2. Based on the inheritance analysis sire voices is a better chance in herediting of the voice and the number of beats sound of the middle voice. Dam plays an role in giving voice rhythm modification and sound tip inheritance. Based on the sound analysis, sound quality the voice rank from the highest to the lowest were: ♂AK, ♂ FQ, ♂HHa, ♂ ISS, ♂HRR, ♂ BL, ♂CM, ♂ EQ, ♂GQ, ♂DO, ♂DN, and ♂DP. The frequency value and the highest intensity level displayed by AK turtledove were 929.49 Hz and 91.5 dB, whereas the lowest value displayed by ♂DP were 633.59 Hz, and 67.83 dB. The best rhythm of the turtledove indicated by high frequency with a stable pattern, harmonious the intonation, as well as clear basic voice.
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