Judul: Produksi Inokulum Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA) Menggunakan Sistem Drip dengan Perbedaan Sumber Nutrisi dan Tanaman Inang.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektivitas sitem irigasi drip, pemberilan larutan nutrisi, dan memeilih tanaman inang yang terbaik. Rancangan yang digunakan yaitu rancangan acak kelompok berpola fatorial dengan dua faktor (RAK faktorial 2 x 2) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 10 ulangan. Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA) untuk peubah tinggi tanaman, pertambahan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan pertambahan jumlah daun dan untuk mengetahui perbandingan antara jenis tanaman inang terhadap jumlah spora FMA dan infeksi akar menggunakan analisis uji-T. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa Sistem irigasi (manual dan drip) dan larutan nutrisi (hyponex dan AB mix) efektif dalam produksi jumlah spora FMA. Tanaman S. bicolor lebih efektif dalam produksi jumlah spora FMA.
Keyword: fungi mioriza arbuskular (FMA), sistem irigasi, S. bicolor

Judul: Evaluasi Efektivitas Sistem Irigasi Terkontrol dalam Memproduksi Inokulan Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA) Skala Massal
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas sistem irigasi dalam memproduksi inokulan FMA skala massal. Rancangan yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan ulangan tidak sama. Tanaman Sorghum bicolor ditanam dengan media zeolit selama 10 dan 14 minggu setelah tanam (MST) dan 14 MST untuk Pueraria javanica. Perlakuan sistem irigasi terkontrol meliputi manual, drip system (DS) dan Nutrient Film Technique (NFT). Tanaman dibuat stress selama 2 minggu. Tajuk tanaman dipanen dan ditimbang bobot keringnya, sedangkan akar dan media zeolit dianalisis persen infeksi akar dan jumlah spora. Parameter yang diukur yaitu pertambahan tinggi tanaman, pertambahan jumlah daun, BK tajuk, persen infeksi akar dan jumlah spora. NFT efektif memperbaiki pertambahan tinggi, pertambahan jumlah daun dan produksi biomassa pada tanaman inang. Nilai infeksi dan produksi spora pada tanaman inang paling efektif pada DS. Sistem irigasi terbaik dalam memproduksi FMA skala massal yaitu DS karena menghasilkan jumlah spora dan infeksi akar terbanyak dengan produksi BK tajuk terendah serta tidak korelasi antar parameter.
Keyword: irigasi terkontrol, fungi mikoriza arbuskular (FMA), Pueraria javanica, Sorghum bicolor

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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