Judul: Analisis Sumberdaya dan Konsumsi Daging Sapi di Indonesia Tahun 2005-2010
Abstrak: Indonesian beef resources problem is the high demand of import rate which is interfere with the independence and potential in food trap exporting countries (DITJENAK 2010). The Indonesian beef consumtion problem is the low consumption of beef between other ASEAN countries. The objective of the study is to analyzed the resources and the consumption of beef in Indonesian from 2005-2010. A descriptive design was implemented and a set of scondary data was used in the study. Data was analyzed using Microsoft Excell 2007 for Windows. The result showed that the production (including offal) national has rose from positive percentage rate (2,91%). The average percentage of total production amounted to 77,59 percent, and imports amounting to 22,41 percent. The availability of beef has rose from positive percentage rate (6,04%). The average availability of beef is 1,69 kg/cap/yr or 286,63 thousand tons/yr. Amount of the consumption of levels tended to increase (2,83%). The beef consumption in 2010 is 1,56 kg/kap/th. The average of national beef consumption reach 1,47 kg/cap/yr. The type of largest consumption is food made from beef (soto/gule/sop/rawon, sate/tongseng, mie bakso, and daging goreng) reach 0,93 kg/cap/yr. The lowest consumption is offal reach 0,02 kg/cap/yr. Ideal consumption of beef is 2,46 kg/cap/yr. Actual consumption of beef is still less than ideal. The difference is -1 kg/cap /yr. The average sufficiency availability with respect to imports (on trend) of beef from 2005 to 2010 to meet the actual consumption of beef population of Indonesia. The average sufficiency availability without regard import (absolute) of beef has not been able to meet the actual consumption of the population of Indonesia. The sufficiency availability on trend and absolute of beef are not able to meet the ideal consumption of the population in Indonesia.
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Judul: Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Permintaan Daging Sapi dan Implikasinya terhadap Kebijakan Impor
Abstrak: Chaotic imported beef in November 2012, resulting in a rise in the price of beef in the market so that the need for special handling so that beef prices. This research was conducted to analyze the factors that affect the demand for beef in Indonesia and the role of substitution, and the implications of policy import. This study uses secondary data the period 1982-2011. Analyses were performed with the econometric approach, estimation models using Principal Component Regression (RKU). The results show the coefficient of determination (R2) of 71.7 percent, and the elasticity of each of the variables tested small relative to the demand for beef show that beef consumption is not replaceable. Beef demand continues to increase every year even though the price of beef is relatively expensive. Formulations stabilization policy covering the prices of additional supplies at the time of the great religious, imports done merely to meet national shortage of supplies beef and ensure the availability of food -substitutions beef as the availability of chicken meat and eggs, and increases the production of beef in the long run.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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