Judul: Penggunaan Parameter Morfometrik untuk Pendugaan Umur Siamang Sumatera (Hylobates syndactylus syndactylus Raffles, 1821)
Abstrak: Umur merupakan salah satu parameter yang penting untuk diketahui dalam pengelolaan suatu populasi karena berkaitan dengan kelestarian suatu spesies. Apabila umur telah diketahui maka struktur umur, umur matang seksual, angka kematian, angka kelahiran, fekunditas, umur spesifik dan kecenderungan pertumbuhan populasi dapat ditentukan. Pedugaan umur siamang sumatera dapat dilakukan melalui beberapa teknik, salah satu teknik yang mungkin lebih baik daripada teknik yang lain. Dalam menduga umur, beberapa teknik kadangkala menimbulkan dampak negatif sehingga dapat menyakiti bahkan dapat menyebabkan kematian. Untuk itu dilakukan pendekatan dalam pendugaan umur yang meminimalkan dampak negatif dan memberikan tingkat ketelitian yang baik yaitu melalui pengukuran bagian-bagian tubuh (morfometrik) siamang sumatera yang diduga berhubungan dengan umur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengindentifikasi bagian-bagian tubuh siamang sumatera (Hylobates syndactylus syndactylus) yang dapat dijadikan pendekatan dalam menduga umur dan merumuskan model matematika yang menggambarkan hubungan antara parameter morfometrik dengan umurnya. Parameter morfometrik yang diukur yaitu: panjang badan dan kepala, panjang lengan, panjang kaki, panjang cranial, tinggi cranial, lebar cranial, lingkar dada (LD), lebar bahu, panjang telapak tangan (PTT), lebar telapak tangan, panjang telapak kaki, lebar telapak kaki, lingkar kepala, dan lingkar muka (LM). Pengukuran dilakukan terhadap 40 ekor siamang sumatera yang hidup, terdiri atas 24 ekor jantan dan 16 ekor betina dari umur 1-15 tahun.
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Judul: Kajian Parameter Morfometrik Da1am Pendugaan Umur Rusa Jawa (Cervus timorensis B1ainvi11e, 1822)
Abstrak: Pengidentifikasian umur satwa liar di lapangan akan mengalami banyak kesulitan, terutama karena sulit menangkap sejumlah contoh satwa liar untuk diperiksa dalam menentukan umurnya, sehingga perlu dicari pendekatan yang lebih sederhana. Parameter morfometrik akan dipakai sebagai indikator kelas umur satwa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan metode pendugaan umur berdasarkan parameter morfometrik rusa jawa serta menguji hipotesa yang menyatakan bahwa diduga terda pat hubungan antara pertambahan ukuran tubuh rusa dengan pertambahan umurnya. Data yang dipakai didapat dari hasil data primer (pengukuran langsung) dan data sekunder. Pengukuran langsung dilakukan di Kebun Binatang Bandung, Penangkaran Ranca Upas dan Penangkaran Fahutan IPB, sedangkan data sekunder adalah hasil pengukuran di Kebun Binatang Ragunan
Keyword: Rusa Jawa, Cervus timorensis Blainville 1822

Judul: Extracellular Expression of thermostable Geobacillus stearothermophilus T1.2RQ Lipase for Biodiesel Production
Abstrak: The extracellular expression of enzymes in an excellent secretion host such as Bacillus subtilis is a useful strategy for making enzymes of industrial significance more affordable by lowering the cost of its downstream processing. Lipases are a category of hydrolases that catalyze the hydrolysis of triglycerides to glycerol and free fatty acids. Also, lipases catalyze the hydrolysis and transesterification of other esters as well as the synthesis of esters. They can perform very specific biotransformation reactions and are widely used in food, organic synthesis, detergents, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Geobacillus stearothermophilus T1.2RQ lipase is an industrially-desired thermostable lipolytic enzyme with an excellent hydrolytic and transesterification activity. This study aimed to express T1.2RQ lipase, in B. subtilis WB800 and ensure its secretion into the extracellular medium. Three signal peptides (AmyQ, Epr, LipA) and two promoters (Pgrac01 and Pgrac100) were used in the secretory-expression of T1.2RQ lipase, based on five constructed expression vectors constructed by restriction cloning and PCR mutagenesis. Sangers sequencing was used to verify constructs to ensure they are in the correct reading frame. Recombinants vectors, pHT43 (plasmid control), pHT43-T1.2RQ, pHT43- T1.2RQ_AmyQ, pHT43-T1.2RQ_Epr, and pHT43-T1.2RQ_LipA, were transformed by electroporation into Bacillus subtilis WB800. The electroporation was successful with the optimum condition of 2500V, 200 ohms, 25µF, and 5milliseconds. Recombinant B. subtilis pHT43 (negative control) and pHT43-T1.2RQlip + signal peptides were streaked on the lipidic agar, LA+TBN. All four recombinants, including the negative control (B. subtilis WB800-pHT43), produced clear zones on the TBN agar plate after overnight incubation (fig 2), indicating the presence of a lipolytic enzyme in all of the recombinant B. subtilis cells. pHT43-T1.2RQlip + signal peptides (AmyQ, Epr, and LipA) have clear zones with significantly higher diameters than B. subtilis WB800-pHT43 (negative control). This phenomenon suggests that the recombinant thermostable lipase T1.2RQ introduced into these cells was successfully expressed, thereby increasing the lipolytic capability of its host cells T1.2RQ lipase was expressed in 50ml terrific broth medium (TB) and the expression induced with 1mM IPTG. Lipase activity assay using p-nitrophenyl esters showed that all three signal peptides directed the secretion of T1.2RQ lipase into the extracellular medium. Signal peptide, LipA, resulted in the highest extracellular activity of 5.6 U/mL, which corresponds to a 6-fold increase over the parent B. subtilis WB800 strain. Meanwhile, signal peptides, AmyQ and Epr produced 4.2 U/mL and 3.4 U/mL activity respectively. SDS-Zymogram analysis confirmed that T1.2RQ lipase was correctly processed and secreted in its original size of 44 kDa. An attempt to further increase lipase expression level by promoter optimization showed that, contrary to expectation, promoter Pgrac100 exhibited similar expression levels as the original Pgrac01. Nevertheless, the demonstration of the successful secretion of T1.2RQ lipase in this work confirms the latter as a promising approach for the industrial production of the enzyme
Keyword: Bacillus subtilis, Expression, Extracellular, Heterologous, Lipase, Thermostable