Judul: Karakterisasi dan Analisis Potensi Kompos Sampah Padat Pasar Tradisional di Pasar Bogor
Abstrak: Traditional market solid waste is highly potential to be composted as based on its high organic matter content. Bogor market as one of the traditional market in Bogor municipality yet have the waste characteristics data that can be used as the basis of the waste processing. The objective of this research was to characterize the solid waste, to analyze compost potention of Bogor market waste to be composted. Characterization referred to SNI 19-3964-1995 and chemical analysis was carried out in the laboratory. The result shows that the solid waste generation of Bogor market reaches 27.0 m3 or approximately 7.2 tons of solid waste per day. Bogor market waste composition includes 84.0% organic waste, 7.1% plastic, 6.7% wood and 2.1% paper. The result of laboratory analysis showed that water content, ash content, volatile content, C/N ratio and caloric value are 83.39%, 2.02%, 14.58%, 27:1 and 4589 cal/g, respectively. The available land area can accommodate total material volume 31.76 tons waste and can produce 148.8 tons compost. The value of economic feasibility shows that the value of NPV (Net Present Value) and B/C ratio less than feasible standard. This shows that the compost installation is not economically feasible to be built.
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Judul: Analisis Willingness To Pay Pengelolaan Sampah Pasar Tradisional Kota Bogor
Abstrak: In correspond with the increase population, the quantity of solid waste is also increase. At present condition, the increasing quantity of solid waste could not be followed by its proper management, so many municipalities in Indonesia have serious problem to handle all waste generated. Unmanage solid waste has creating as a source of pollution, disease (and health aspect) and aesthetic problems. This study was conducted in Bogor traditional market for learning on willingness to pay (WTP) for handling the market solid waste management. Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) was used as a method in this study. The average WTP value of large, medium and small market seller was Rp 4,255, Rp 3,603 and Rp 3,212 per day respectively. The total WTP for the whole market was Rp 22,126,391 per day. The resulted conclusion was that the raising amount fund collected could be used to increase proper waste management and auxiliary benefit the environmental pollution could be eliminated.
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Judul: Evaluation of Influenza Antibody Titers in Serum and Egg Yolk of Layers Vaccinated with Influenza Vaccines.
Abstrak: Influenza belongs to the Orthomyxoviridae family which causes upper and lower respiratory tract infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate influenza-A specific antibody titers from serum and egg yolk of hens vaccinated with quadrivalent influenza vaccines. Three Hy-line Brown layers were vaccinated with quadrivalent influenza type A and B inactivated vaccines. Vaccination was carried out three times at a dose of 0.25 ml/chicken via the intramuscular route. The first vaccination was carried out at 24 weeks of age, then boosters were performed at 28 and 32 weeks of age. Serum and egg yolk were collected every week for 20 weeks since the first vaccination. Influenza A H3N2 and H1N1 antibody titers were determined using hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test and agar-gel-precipitation (AGP) test. Influenza-A H3N2 and H1N1 specific antibodies were detected in both serum and egg yolk from the first to twenty weeks after the initial vaccination. Highest HI geometric mean titer (GMT) of H1N1 antibody reached 26.67 HIU at nine weeks post first vaccination (p.f.v), while H3N2 antibody reached 26 HIU at six weeks p.f.v. Our result showed that influenza antibodies can be produced in layers using quadrivalent vaccines and layer chickens are able to produce equivalent antibody levels for each influenza subtype.
Keyword: antibody, egg yolk, influenza, layer chickens, serum