Judul: Analisis Peranan Komoditas Jagung dalam Perekonomian Indonesia.
Abstrak: Corn is one of commodities which contribute benefits to food industry as the basic material. Carbohydrate and protein in corn are used widely besides those from the rice since its multifunctions support food productions, feed industries and also as material in biofuel.The production of corn shows improvement. However, the value of import of corn is also on the rise. To handle the necessary processing of corn that have added value. It must be seen to sectors that have great relevance to the corn. The purposes of this research are to analyze the relationship between corn commodity and the economic of Indonesia, to analyze the relation between the role of corns commodity and the other economic sectors, to analyze the effect spreeding of corn commodity in the economic of Indonesia, and also to analyze the effect of output multiplier and income multiplier in the economic of Indonesia. The method that used in the analysis is input-output analysis. Therefore, table of input-output data of Indonesia in 2008 is used through the secondary data provided by Statistic Indonesia. The result of this research shows that corn commodity has a little role to the economic of Indonesia. Corn commodity has more roles to increase the growth of its downstream sector than upstream sector. Corn commodity gives effect to output multiplier and positive income to the other economic sector in Indonesia.
Keyword: corn, the multiplier analysis, linkage analysis, input-output analysis

Judul: Analysis of Volatility and Factors Affecting Changes in Indonesian Corn Prices
Abstrak: Pangan merupakan sumber pokok utama kebutuhan masyarakat. Salah satu komoditas pangan yang berperan penting dalam pewujudan swasembada dan ketahanan pangan nasional adalah komoditas jagung. Permasalahan utama dari komoditas jagung adalah volatilitas harga yang terjadi selama beberapa tahun terakhir. Volatilitas yang terjadi menyebabkan harga jagung mengalami ketidakpastiaan dapat memengaruhi permintaan dan penawaran jagung di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, perlu untuk diketahui permasalahan pokok penyebab volatilitas harga jagung yang terus terjadi dalam rangka mewujudkan swasembada dan ketahanan pangan. Periode analisis pada penelitian ini yaitu dari Januari 2013 sampai Desember 2020. Metode analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah model ARCH-GARCH untuk melihat tingkat fluktuasi harga jagung. Selanjutnya, metode VECM digunakan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi perubahan harga jagung Indonesia. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa komoditas jagung Indonesia masih volatil selama periode tahun penelitian. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa stabilitas harga masih belum tercapai. Selanjutnya, dengan menggunakan metode VECM menunjukan bahwa faktor harga jagung dunia pada jangka pendek berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perubahan harga jagung Indonesia. Sedangkan pada jangka panjang, faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perubahan harga jagung Indonesia yaitu harga jagung dunia, nilai tukar, dan inflasi. Dampak guncangan variabel faktor terhadap perubahan harga jagung Indonesia bervariasi antar periodenya dan mulai stabil setelah bulan ke-21. Kontribusi varian masing-masing faktor memiliki persentase yang mampu mempengaruhi perubahan harga jagung Indonesia pada jangka panjang, sehingga dinyatakan volatilitas harga jagung Indonesia dipengaruhi oleh variabel-variabel yang telah diteliti., Food is the main source of community needs. One of the food commodities that play an important role in realizing self-sufficiency and national food security is corn. The main problem with corn is the price volatility that has occurred over the last few years. The volatility that occurs causes the price of corn to experience uncertainty which can affect the demand and supply of corn in Indonesia. Therefore, it is necessary to know the main problems causing the volatility of corn prices that continue to occur in order to achieve self-sufficiency and food security. The analysis period in this study is from January 2013 to December 2020. The analytical method used in this study is the ARCH-GARCH model to see the level of fluctuations in corn prices. Furthermore, the VECM method is used to determine the factors that influence changes in Indonesian corn prices. The results of the analysis show that Indonesia's corn commodity is still volatile during the period research. This indicates that price stability has not yet been achieved. Furthermore, using the VECM method shows that the world corn price factor in the short term has a significant effect on changes in Indonesian corn prices. Meanwhile, in the long term, factors that have a significant effect on changes in Indonesian corn prices are world corn prices, exchange rates, and inflation. The impact of factor variable shocks on changes in Indonesian corn prices varies between periods and begins to stabilize after the 21st month. The variance contribution of each factor has a percentage that is able to influence changes in Indonesian corn prices in the long term, so that the volatility of Indonesian corn prices is influenced by the variables that have been studied.
Keyword: ARCH-GARCH, Indonesian Corn Prices, VECM, Volatility

Judul: Distemper Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Distemper merupakan penyakit infeksius pada bimbingan anjing yang menduduki tempet teratas dan penyakit ini tersebar di seluruh bagian dunia dimana terdapat anjing-anjing yang dipelihara, terutama pada anjing-anjing muda di kota-kota besar, pada kelompok-kelompok anjing atau pada situasi lain dimana banyak terdapat kontak antara anjing. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh virus yang termasuk dalam famili Paramyxoviridae dan genus Morbilivirus. Infeksi virus ini sering disertai oleh infeksi sekunder oleh kuman Staphylococcus, streptococcus, Brucella bronchiseptica dan kuman Salmonella, inilah yang kadang-kadang sebagai penyebab kematian.
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