Judul: Penambahan Ekstrak Pankreas pada Pakan untuk Mengurangi Limbah Organik pada Pemeliharaan Benih Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus, 1758)
Abstrak: Upaya mereduksi limbah produksi dari kegiatan budidaya perairan perlu dilakukan antara lain dengan meningkatkan efisiensi pakannya. Salah satunya dengan penggunaan pakan predigestion yang telah ditambahkan ekstrak pankreas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak penambahan ekstrak pankreas ayam terhadap keragaan biometrik, efisiensi pakan, dan pertumbuhan benih ikan nila. Penelitian ini dilakukan dari bulan Maret hingga April 2022. Benih ikan nila sebanyak 120 ekor dibagi ke dalam 4 perlakuan berdasarkan konsentrasi enzim pada pakan (kontrol, 3%, 6%, dan 9%). Berdasarkan uji Anova didapatkan hasil bahwa nilai biometrik pada keempat perlakuan berbeda nyata. Nilai faktor kondisi berkisar 2,11-2,69, panjang usus relatif (PUr) berkisar 444,59-468,82%, bobot insang relatif (BIr) berkisar 6,43-11,19%, dan bobot viseral relatif (BVr) berkisar 24,89-25,79%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan ekstrak pankreas ayam dapat meningkatkan nilai parameter biometrik, efisiensi pakan, pertumbuhan benih ikan nila secara signifikan, dan dapat mereduksi limbah organik sebesar 41,5%., Efforts to reduce production waste from aquaculture need to be carried out by increasing the feed efficiency. Furthermore, by using predigestion feed with pancreatic extract. This study aims to analyze the impact of chicken pancreatic extract on feed through biometric performance, feed efficiency, and growth of nile tilapia. This research was conducted from March to April 2022. This research used 120 nile tilapia and divided into 4 treatments based on the concentration of enzymes in the feed given (control, 3%, 6%, and 9%). Based on the Anova test, it was found that the biometric values in the four treatments were significantly different. Condition factor values ranged from 2.11-2.69, relative length of intestine (PUr) ranged from 444.59-468.82%, relative gill weight (BIr) ranged from 6.43-11.19%, and relative visceral weight (BVr) ranged from 24.89-25.79%. The results of the analysis showed that feed with the addition of chicken pancreatic extract had a significant effect on nile tilapia through biometric performance feed efficiency, growth, and reduce organic waste by 41.5%.
Keyword: Ikan nila, ekstrak pankreas, predigestion, Nile tilapia, pancreatic extract, predigestion

Judul: Penambahan  Emulsi Lemak dan Ekstrak Pankreas pada Pakan guna Mereduksi Limbah Organik pada Pemeliharaan Benih Ikan Sidat (Anguilla sp.)
Abstrak: Upaya untuk mereduksi limbah organik hasil pemeliharaan benih (glass eel) dapat dilakukan dengan dengan meningkatkan efisiensi pakan pada kegiatan budidaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pemberian emulsi lemak dan ekstrak pankreas ayam pada pakan buatan terhadap keragaan biometrik, pertumbuhan, efisiensi pakan, dan produksi limbah benih ikan sidat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dari bulan Januari hingga Mei 2023. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan pakan berdasarkan konsentrasi enzim berbeda yaitu kontrol, 0%, 3%, 6%, dan 9%. Nilai faktor kondisi glass eel berkisar antara 0,09-0,12, panjang usus relatif (PUr) berkisar antara 17,58-19,85%, bobot usus relatif (BUr) berkisar antara 24,16-31,82%, bobot jantung relatif (BJr) berkisar antara 3,71-6,00%, dan bobot hati relatif (BHr) berkisar antara 26,05-32,20%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan emulsi lemak dan ekstrak pankreas sebesar 9% berpengaruh nyata dan mampu meningkatkan keragaan biometrik, efisiensi pakan, mempercepat pertumbuhan, dan mereduksi limbah organik benih ikan sidat sebesar 80,47%., Measures to reduce organic waste from raising glass eel can be made by increasing feed efficiency in aquaculture activities. This study aims to analyze the impact of fat emulsion and chicken pancreas extract on artificial feed on biometric performance, growth, feed efficiency, and waste production of eel fish fry. This research was conducted from January to May 2023. This research used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 feed treatments based on different enzyme concentrations, control, 0%, 3%, 6%, and 9%. Condition factor values ranged from 0.09-0.12, relative gut length (PUr) ranged from 17.58-19.85%, relative gut-weight (BUr) ranged from 24.16-31.82%, relative heart weight (BJr) ranged from 3.71-6.00%, and relative liver weight (BHr) ranged from 26.05-32.20%. The results showed that adding fat emulsion and pancreas extract at 9% significantly improved biometric performance, feed efficiency, accelerated growth, and reduced organic waste of glass eel by 80,47%.
Keyword: glass eel, growth, pancreas extract, waste water

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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