Judul: Case Studies on Ayahbunda, Femina and Kartini Magazine, Nova and Nakita In The Period January – December 2009
Abstrak: One important aspect of food control is food labeling and advertising control. In Indonesia, control for the food advertising is done by National Agency of Drug and Food Control (NADFC). Based on our data, many adverstisement of food products do not comply with the formal regulation on labelling and advertising. . Analysis on 925 advertisements collected, 507 of advertisements (55%) were comply with the requirement and 418 of advertisements were not comply with the requirement. Among 425 of advertisements which were not comply with requirement complementary breast feeding (50,59%) were the most dominant, followed by soft drink (13,41%), and milk and its processed product (11,7%). The most dominant category of violations is an advertisement that containing incorrect and misleading information related to nutrition, health benefits and food safety (72,86%).
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Judul: Kajian Kesesuaian Iklan Produk Pangan di Media Cetak Terhadap Peraturan Perundang-undangan yang Berlaku: Studi Kasus pada Tabloid NOVA, Majalah Kartini, dan Majalah Ayahbunda Periode Penerbitan April – September 2012
Abstrak: Advertising is a form of marketing strategy done by company so that the product can be quickly recognized and accepted by society. Oversight of food advertising is necessary because the delivery of products information is often done incomplete or redundant, violating the ethics of advertising, consumer misleading, biased, or even mislead consumers with claims that are not scientifically proven. This study aims to build decision tree as evaluation tool based on several advertising regulations, to evaluate the suitability of food advertising in media using decision tree that has been built, and to evaluate the variety of violations occur on food advertising in print media selected. The research was done through post-market evaluation of food advertisements contained on three types of media selected, namely Tabloid NOVA, Magazines Kartini, and Ayahbunda Magazine during the period April to September 2012. The study produced decision tree for nine categories of general violations and five categories for specific violations based on eight food regulations. Evaluation on 457 food ads shows 139 ads (30,42%) 100% comply the legislations and the rest 318 (69,58%) do not 100% comply the legislations. The most dominating food category is category of dairy products and analogues (32,60% of the total ads evaluated) and the most dominating violation category is first category of violations for specific categories of food products (28,88% of the total ads evaluated are not 100% complied for the violation category). The high level of violation ads published in the print media, especially the tabloids and magazines evaluated due to the number of laws and regulations of food advertising which has not been supported by good socialization, lack of awareness of industry and advertising agencies on the importance of law enforcement, and the weak monitoring of compliance with the legislations.
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Judul: Heterologous Expression Of Endo-Β-Xylanase From Bacillus Pumilus Strain Bcrs-01 In Escherichia Coli.
Abstrak: Xylanases are glycoside hydrolase family 11 which depolymerise xylan in the plant cell wall, the most excessive form of hemicellulose. Endo-β-xylanases (EC 3.2.1.8) are most important to breakdown β-1,4-glicoside bond of xylan to produce disaccaride xyloolygosaccaride (XOs) and xylose (monomer). Bovine rumen fluids have potential to obtain endo-β-xylanase produced of bacteria. The objectives of this study were to obtain xylanase producing bacteria and to express xynA gene encoding endo-β-xylanase from bacterium in Escherichia coli. Twenty nine isolate bacteria have been succesfully isolated from bovine rumen fluid in agar medium containing birchwood xylan. Isolate BCRS-01 bacterium was previously screened for the high production of xylanase. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, BCRS-01 showed high similarity (99%) to Bacillus pumilus (accession number NR043241). The crude xylanase had optimal activity at 55oC, pH 7.0. Furthermore, the crude xylanase exhibited broad pH stability from 4.0 to 10.0 and remained more than 60% and 40% of its activity after incubation at pH 4.0 until 10.0, respectively for 60 min. It also showed a stability at temperature 25-50oC since it retained 80% and 50% of its activity when incubated at 50oC or 30 and 60 min, respectively. The xylanase activity was strongly inhibited by Ca2+ and Cu2+ at concentration 10 mM, and as little as 1 mM for Mn2+. Therefore, this xylanase has potentially used as additive feeds in animal feed industry. The DNA sequence xynA gene encoded endo-β-xylanase was amplified and cloned into the expression vector pET-15by under the control of T7 promoter. The recombinant protein had succesfully expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS. A protein recombinant of approximately, 26.7 kDa was observed on the SDS-PAGE analysis. Crude extract of recombinant endo-β-xylanase demonstrated activity of enzyme at 56 U mL-1 using birchwood xylan as a substrate at 55oC for 10 min.
Keyword: Bacillus pumilus, bovine rumen fluid, endo-β-xylanase, heterologous expression.