Judul: Pengaruh Empat Kadar Nitrogen Terhadap Pengisian Biji, Sifat Agronomi, dan Fisiologis Berbagai Varietas Jagung
Abstrak: This study evaluated the impact of four nitrogen levels on grain filling, agronomic, and physiological traits of different maize (Zea mays L.) varieties. The study adopted a split-plot randomized complete block design with two treatments (factors). The first treatment was nitrogen levels with four levels (0, 46, 138, and 184 kg N ha-1 ) applied as main plots. The second treatment was maize variety, with three distinct maize varieties (Hybrid-BISI18, Composite-Sukumaraga, and Local-Tambin) assigned as sub-plots. Results highlighted significant effects of both treatments on grain filling, agronomic, and physiological traits of maize plants. Specifically, the type of maize variety significantly affected 100-grain weight, cob weight, cob circumference, cob length, weight of grains per cob, number of grains per row, grain yield per 16- plants per plot, plant heights at all weeks of observation, and stem diameter at the 4th and 6th weeks after planting. Nitrogen application significantly influenced cob circumference, plant height at the 8th week, stem diameter at the 6th week after planting, and photosynthesis rate at silking (R1) stage. Additionally, the interaction between maize variety and nitrogen significantly influenced plant heights at the 6th week after planting, cob circumference, photosynthesis rate at silking (R1) stage, and number of leaves at the silking (R1) growth stage. In contrast, the 100-grain weight, cob weight, cob length, rows per cob, weight of grains per cob, grains per row, grain yield per 16-plant plot, plant height at weeks 3 and 4, and stem diameter at week 4 were not affected by nitrogen level or interaction. Furthermore, the number of leaves at the V6 stage of growth and stem diameter at week 8 were not affected by the treatments, either separately or in combination. The study concludes that both maize variety and nitrogen application significantly influence various agronomic and physiological traits, with their interaction further affecting specific growth parameters, highlighting the importance of tailored agronomic practices for enhancing grain-filling potential, and eventually optimizing maize yield
Keyword: nitrogen fertilization, grain yield, crop performance, non-structural carbohydrates ( NSC), agricultural productivity

Judul: The Effect of N Doses Fertilizer and Varieties on Corn Growth and Production in Saturated Soil Culture in Rice Fields
Abstrak: Jagung (Zea mays L.) merupakan komoditas pangan kedua setelah beras yang berperan sebagai sumber karbohidrat. Peningkatan konsumsi jagung perlu diseimbangi dengan peningkatan produktivitas. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh dosis pupuk N dan varietas terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi jagung pada budidaya jenuh air di lahan sawah. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan percobaan RKLT dengan dua faktor yaitu varietas dan dosis pupuk N. Faktor varietas terdiri atas dua taraf yaitu jagung Sukmaraga dan Pioneer 27. Faktor dosis pupuk N terdiri atas 0 kg N ha-1, 90 kg N ha-1, 135 kg N ha-1, dan 180 kg N ha-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor varietas menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda di awal pertumbuhan yaitu pada karakter tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, dan jumlah daun, serta bobot basah akar. Selain itu terdapat perbedaan pada komponen hasil yaitu pada karakter diameter tongkol, jumlah baris biji per tongkol, dan bobot 100 biji. Dosis N 180 kg N ha-1 memberikan hasil terbaik untuk semua karakter pertumbuhan dan produksi namun tidak berbeda nyata dengan dosis N 135 kg N ha-1. Tidak terjadi interaksi antara faktor varietas dan dosis N., Corn (Zea mays L.) is the second food commodity after rice which acts as a carbohydrate source. Increased consumption of corn needs to be balanced with productivity. This study aims to determine the effect of N fertilizer dosage and varieties on the growth and production of maize in saturated soil culture in paddy fields. This study used an Randomized Complete Block design (RCBD) with two factors, namely the variety and dose of N fertilizer. Variety factors consisted of two levels, namely Sukmaraga and Pioneer 27. The dosage factor for N fertilizer consisted of 0 kg N ha-1 , 90 kg N ha-1, 135 kg N ha-1, and 180 kg N ha-1. The results of this study indicated that the variety factor showed different results at the character of plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, and root wet weight,the ear diameter, number of seed rows per ear, and the weight of 100 seeds. The N dose of 180 kg N ha-1 gave the best results for all growth and production characters but was not significantly different from the N dose of 135 kg N ha-1. There was no interaction between the variety factor and the N dose.
Keyword: Nitrogen dose, Pioneer 27, Saturated soil culture, Sukmaraga

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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