Judul: Pembuatan Model Kalibrasi Sampel Recovery Produk Susu dengan Metode Spektroskopi Inframerah di PT Frisian Flag Indonesia
Abstrak: Milk is a kind of food that has nutritional contents and compositions almost perfect compared to other foods. Manufacture of milk products result by-products called recovery samples. Infrared spectroscopy methods such as Near Infrared Reflectance (NIR) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) can be used as a secondary method for evaluating quality of dairy products. PT Frisian Flag Indonesia will use infrared spectroscopy methods to analyze quality of recovery samples. FTIRS and NIRS instruments must have a calibration model for recovery sample that includes parameters of composition i.e total solids, fat content, sucrose, and proteins so that can be used to evaluate quality of recovery sample. The purpose of this study was to create a calibration model from recovery samples of dairy products by infrared spectroscopy methods. In general, the development stages of calibration models using NIR and FTIR methods consist of sample preparation, analysis of composition parameters, calibrations modeling, and verification of the models. Sample preparation was canducted by using two variants of A product recovery sample (NIR method) and B product recovery sample (FTIR method). Instrument used for analyzing NIR method is FOSS NIRSystems 5000 and for FTIR method is FOSS MilkoScan FT120. The conventional analysis methods were also used to analyze parameters of composition. Calibration modeling that conducted by software WinISI and models was verificated by t-test. The results of spectrum NIR shows A product recovery sample for variant X and Y have similar spectrums. Model calibration of total solid is the best model in NIR methods (R2 = 0.9998) and FTIR method (R2 = 0.9993). The results of t-test with 5% level of significance shows that the parameters of composition in both calibration models of infrared spectroscopy methods were not significant different (P (two-tail) > 0.05). This results showed that both of calibration models can be used.
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Judul: Validasi Metode dan Aplikasi Statistical Process Control (SPC) pada Analisis Kadar Vitamin C Susu Bubuk dengan Potensimeter di PT Frisian Flag Indonesia
Abstrak: PT Frisian Flag Indonesia is a company engaged in the manufacturing industry that concern in milk. Determination method of vitamin C which have been validated was done by potentiometer instrument. To make sure that potentiometric analysis method can be used for the intended purpose then the method should be validated. Parameters determined on method validation were accuracy, precision, liniearity, limit of detection and limit of quantification. As the results, this method has an accuracy value based on true value sample at 99.45% accurate and using standard addition method in 1000 mg/Kg concentration with recovery percentage at 101.81%. Precision including repeatibility and reproducibility had relative standard deviation that obtained a good repeatability and reproducibilty conditions. The calibration curve that obtained from 500 mg/Kg to 2500 mg/Kg sample with linear equation of vitamin C is y= 0.002x + 0.112 and correlation coefficient of 0.998. Limit of Detection (LOD) was determined at 30.42 mg/Kg and Limit of Quantification (LOQ) was determined at 101.40 mg/Kg of vitamin C. The application of SPC using X-bar R control chart has average amount of vitamin C in FF2 product at 1049.1207 mg/Kg with average range at 55.5517 mg/Kg. The capabilities index showed Cp at 3.588 and CpK at 2.364.
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Judul: Prevalence of Bird Lice on Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) in 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia
Abstrak: Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) have coexisted with humans for thousands of years and are used for various purposes such as food and in sports. Rock pigeons may have the potential to be infested with a wide range of ectoparasites, which can have a significant impact on their life cycle. This study aims to measure the prevalence of Columba livia with bird lice in 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia in the year 2020 and to ascertain the impact of bird lice on the health of these infested birds. Data were collected from clinical records for the month of January to December in the year 2020 from 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia. Lice were identified in 42 of the 80 Rock pigeons examined so, the overall prevalence of lice infestations was 52.5%. The prevalence of ectoparasites was found to be higher in young Rock pigeons (60.4%) as compared to adult Rock pigeons (37.4%). Columbicola columbae (wing lice) and Colpocephalum turbinatum (body lice) are two species of lice that have been detected. Body lice were more prevalent in young Columba livia birds at 47.6% whereas wing lice were more prevalent in adult Columba livia birds at 16.7%. Most of the lice were found in the thorax and abdomen area followed by the head and neck area., Merpati Batu (Columba livia) telah hidup berdampingan dengan manusia selama ribuan tahun dan digunakan untuk berbagai keperluan seperti makanan dan olahraga. Merpati batu dapat terinfestasi dengan berbagai ektoparasit, yang dapat berdampak signifikan pada siklus hidup mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi Columba livia dengan kutu burung di 99 Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia pada tahun 2020 dan untuk memastikan dampaknya terhadap kesehatan burung yang terinfestasi. Data dikumpulkan dari catatan klinis dari bulan Januari hingga Desember tahun 2020 dari 99Wonderland Park, Selangor, Malaysia. Kutu diidentifikasi pada 42 dari 80 merpati batu yang diperiksa sehingga, prevalensi keseluruhan infestasi kutu adalah 52,5%. Prevalensi ektoparasit ditemukan lebih tinggi pada merpati batu muda (60,4%) dibandingkan dengan merpati batu dewasa (37,4%). Columbicola columbae (kutu sayap) dan Colpocephalum turbinatum (kutu badan) adalah dua spesies kutu yang telah ditemukan. Kutu badan lebih banyak ditemukan pada burung Columba livia muda sebesar 47,6% sedangkan kutu sayap lebih banyak ditemukan pada burung Columba livia dewasa sebesar 16,7%. Sebagian besar kutu ditemukan di daerah dada dan abdomen diikuti daerah kepala dan leher.
Keyword: Columba livia, prevalence, ectoparasite, wing lice, body lice, Columba livia, prevalensi, ektoparasit, kutu sayap, kutu badan