Judul: Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ekspor minyak sawit dan minyak inti sawit Indonesia
Abstrak: Indonesia as the biggest crude palm oil and palm kernel oil exporter in the world, can not continuosly keep on exporting the crude palm oil and palm kernel oil. Indonesia needs to develop the downstream production of crude palm oil and palm kernel oil industry to give the added value, to employ many labors and also as the environmental recovery function. Therefore, it’s needed a right policy from the government to support the downstream production of crude palm oil and palm kernel oil industry. The purposes of this research are: (1) to analyze the development of Indonesia’s palm oil export; (2) to analyze the development of Indonesia’s palm kernel oil export; (3) to analyze the affecting factors of Indonesia’s palm oil export; (4) to analyze the affecting factors of Indonesia’s palm kernel oil export. This research is using time series data from 1990-2011. The Indonesia’s crude palm oil and palm kernel oil export model was estimated by the doubled linear regresion with Ordinary Least Square (OLS) estimation method. Export models were divided into 6 single formulations, which are Indonesia’s palm oil export with destination country to India, Netherlands, and Singapore, also another single formulations of Indonesia’s palm kernel oil export with destination country to Malaysia, Netherlands and China. The result of this research indicates in a short period the tax rate would be an important instrument in order to limit the Indonesia’s palm and palm kernel oil export on the Indonesia’s downstream production of palm and palm kernel industry development. The facilities which must be built by the government in order to support the development of the downstream industry of crude palm oil and palm kernel oil are infrastructure development, application of tax holiday, and also by deleting the local regulation which blocks the development of the downstream industry of crude palm oil and palm kernel oil.
Keyword: Ordinary Least Square (OLS) Method, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), palm kernel oil, export tariff, export, crude palm oil

Judul: The Impact of Export Tax Policy on Indonesian Palm Oil Export Performance and National Palm Oil Downstream
Abstrak: Minyak kelapa sawit saat ini menduduki posisi pertama sebagai minyak nabati yang paling banyak diperdagangkan dan dikonsumsi dunia. Sebagai produsen dan eksportir terbesar minyak sawit dunia, Indonesia memproduksi 59,3% total minyak sawit dunia. Indonesia sebagai produsen terbesar minyak sawit dunia berperan untuk menjaga rantai pasok minyak nabati di pasar internasional. Sebagian besar produksi minyak sawit Indonesia dalam bentuk Crude Palm Oil (CPO) masih dialokasikan untuk kebutuhan ekspor. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah menerapkan kebijakan pajak eskpor yang bertujuan menekan laju volume ekspor CPO untuk menjaga ketersediaan CPO domestik dan mendorong pertumbuhan industri hilir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kebijakan pajak ekspor terhadap kinerja ekspor minyak kelapa sawit di pasar internasional dan pengaruh penawaran ekspor CPO terhadap penawaran domestik CPO serta pengaruhnya terhadap harga CPO di pasar domestik. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menganalisis pengaruh kebijakan pajak ekspor minyak kelapa sawit terhadap industri hilir CPO dan hilirisasi sawit nasional. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu Two Stage Least Squares (2SLS) dengan menggunakan data deret waktu tahunan selama periode 1999-2022. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa penerapan kebijakan pajak ekspor berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap penawaran ekspor CPO Indonesia. Penawaran eskpor CPO Indonesia berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap penawaran domestik CPO Indonesia. Produksi CPO berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penawaran domestik CPO. Sementara itu, penawaran domestik CPO Indonesia tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap harga domestik CPO. Kombinasi pajak eskpor berupa bea keluar dan pungutan ekspor yang diterapkan secara progresif merupakan bentuk instrumen kebijakan yang tepat untuk mendukung hilirisasi sawit nasional. Hal ini dapat dilihat perubahan struktur ekspor minyak sawit Indonesia dari didominasi barang mentah di tahun 2010 menjadi produk olahan di tahun 2022. Strategi hilirisasi sawit domestik dengan tiga jalur (oleofood complex, oleochemical complex dan biofuel complex) dan kebijakan mandatori biodiesel yang intensif juga berimplikasi pada peningkatan devisa ekspor produk sawit hingga mencapai 39,07 miliar US$ di tahun 2022 dan berhasil membawa Indonesia menjadi salah satu produsen biodiesel terbesar dunia., Palm oil is the world's most traded and consumed vegetable oil. As the world's largest palm oil producer and exporter, Indonesia produces 59,3% of the world's total palm oil. Indonesia has an important role in maintaining the vegetable oil supply chain in the international market. The majority of Indonesia's Crude Palm Oil (CPO) output is exported. Therefore, the Indonesian government implements an export tax policy to secure the availability of CPO in the domestic market and encourage the growth of the CPO downstream industry. This research aims to analyze the impact of export tax policy on the performance of palm oil exports in the international market and the impact of CPO export supply on CPO domestic supply and their impact on CPO prices in the domestic market. This research also analyzes the impact of palm oil export tax policy on the CPO downstream industry and national palm oil downstream. The analytical method used in this research is Two Stage Least Squares (2SLS) using annual time series data 1999-2022. The estimation results show that the implementation of export tax policy has a significant negative effect on the volume of Indonesian CPO exports. Indonesian CPO export volume has a significant
Keyword: downstream, export performance, export tax, palm oil

Judul: Penyelesaian Masalah Pelabelan Graf vertex Magic pada Graf Cycle Sederhana
Abstrak: Graf vertex magic adalah suatu graf memiliki nilai bilangan magic yang sama pada masing-masing vertex yang berbeda. Graf cycle sederhana adalah suatu walk tertutup yang mengandung setidaknya tiga vertex, semua vertex-nya berbeda dan setiap vertex terhubungkan oleh satu edge.
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