Judul: Seed treatment improved seed quality, seed production and controlled downey mildew disease on sweet corn
Abstrak: Downy mildew is a major disease in sweet corn caused by Peronosclerospora maydis, a seedborne pathogen. An effort to get successfully field production is by using high quality seeds. Seed quality consists of physical, physiological, genetical, and pathological (seed health) quality. The aims of this research were to evaluate the effectiveness of seed treatment using synthetic fungicide and biological agent to control downey mildew disease, to improve plant growth, seed production, and seed quality of harvested sweet corn. This study consistsed of 3 stages: pre experiment, experiment 1, and experiment 2. In pre experiment, the compatibility among the biological agents, the compatibility between biological agents and synthetic fungicides, phytotoxicity and hypersensitivity were tested. The optimum matriconditioning ratio and the time of conditioning were also evaluated. All the pre experiment activities were conducted in laboratory. Experiment 1 was done to evaluate the effect of seed treatments on seed physiological quality, disease incidence, and plant growth of sweet corn. Seed physiological quality test was conducted in laboratory, whereas disease incidence and plant growth were done in plastic house. Experiment 1 was conducted using completely randomized design with one factor which was seed treatment. The best result of experiment 1 was used as seed treatment in experiment 2 which was conducted in the field. Split plot design with two factors was used in this experiment, sweet corn line as main plot and seed treatment as sub plot. Experiment 2 was conducted to evaluate the effect of seed treatments on disease incidence, plant growth and seed production. The result of compatibility test showed that Bacillus megaterium did not inhibit growth of Brevibacillus laterosporus, and vice versa. The growth of biological agents (B. megaterium and B. laterosporus) were not inhibited by synthetic fungicide. Hypersensitivity test of B. megaterium and B. laterosporus isolates showed negative result. The ratio of seed : burned rice hull (100 mesh): solvent = 3: 0.5: 1 and 24 hours conditioning at 20 0C was optimum, resulting the highest seed physiological quality. In experiment 1, the best vigor index and germination speed resulted from B. laterosporus biological agent treatment. The lowest disease incidence (64%) was by synthetic fungicide treatment without matriconditioning, whereas control and all non fungicide treatments produced 100% disease incidence. All treatments except matriconditioning and control increased plant growth. Matriconditioning + mixture of synthetic fungicide + B. laterosporus was the best seed treatment in increasing plant dry weight. In experiment 2, line 07 was more resistant to downy mildew attack. Line 07 also produced better growth than line 06. Seeds of line 07 applied with matriconditioning + mixture of fungicide treatment + B. laterosporus resulted the highest ear weight per plant (53 g). Application of all seed treatments on line 07 were not able to increase the quality of harvested seed, but matriconditioning + mixture of synthetic fungicide + B. laterosporus on line 06 was able to increase physiological quality of harvested seed.
Keyword: Bacillus megaterium, Brevibacillus laterosporus, downey mildew, matriconditioning, Peronosclerospora maydis

Judul: Modifikasi Pati Sagu dengan Teknik Heat Moisture Treatment (HMT) dan Aplikasinya dalam Memperbaiki Kualitas Bihun
Abstrak: Maize is a strategy commodity in the development of Indonesian agriculture and economic since it’s multifunction as food and feed. However, maize crop cultivated by farmer at the present time is lack for the low protein quality. Therefore a breeding program for improving protein quality is essential to be conducted, especially for lysine and tryptophan. The objectives of this research are to identify and select QPM lines which are tolerant to downy mildew (Peronoscelrospora maydis) and soil acidity. Genetic material used was derived from a cross breeding between QPM lines (SK-1_QPM) and lines which is resistant to downy mildew and tolerance to acidic soil (SMRG). The research was conducted in four stages. The first stage was development of F2 population and identification of opaque-2 gene in F1 population using SSR specific marker phi057, conducted in ICERI Molecular laboratory from February until March 2008. The second stage was screening of F2 population selected using SSR marker to downy mildew, conducted at Maros Experimental Station from June until August 2008 and arranged in Augmented Design. The third stage was the screening of F2 population selected using SSR marker to alumunium toxicity in nutrient solution containing 10 ppm Al3+ and haematoxylin, conducted at ICERI Plant Breeding Laboratory from July until September 2008 and was arranged in Randomized Complete Design with two replications. The fourth stage was evaluation of F2 population on the acidic soil, conducted in Barambai Experimental Station, South Kalimantan from July until November 2008 and was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design with two replications. The research result showed that there were 210 F2 plants carrying opaque-2 gene from the F2 population analysed, subsequently they were evaluated separately to downy mildew (Peronosclerospora maydis), alumunium toxicity (in the nutrient solution), and soil acidity. The evaluation for resistance to downy mildew revealed 19 plants were very resistant, 53 resistant plants, 62 moderately-resistant plants, and 76 susceptible plants. Evaluation at seedling stage to alumunium toxicity resulted 3 very tolerant plants, 5 tolerant plants, 12 moderately- tolerant plants, and 24 susceptible plants. None of the plants being analysed showed resistance to downy mildew and also tolerance to aluminium toxicity. Furthermore, we found one resistant to downy mildew and tolerant to aluminium toxicity, 5 plant moderately resistant and moderately tolerant, and 5 plant suceptible to both stresses. Evaluation of F2 population tolerance to soil acidity indicated that in general, maize character showed different responses. The principle component analysis (PCA) was clustering the tolerance genotypes to soil acidity into four clusters, namely 60 very tolerant plants, 55 tolerant plants, 47 moderately- tolerant plants, and 59 susceptible plant. There were 4 plants that very resistant to downy mildew, very tolerant to soil acidity and also have higher yield than Bima-2, Bima-3 and SMRG. Moreover, there were 5 tolerant plants, 7 moderately tolerant plants, and 27 susceptible plants to downy mildew and soil acidity.
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Judul: Formulasi Hamiltonian untuk Menggambarkan Gerak Gelombang Soliter Dimensi Tiga di Permukaan Laut
Abstrak: Gelombang permukaan adalah gelombang yang terjadi perbedaan rapat massa antara air dan udara. Salah satu gelombang permukaan yang ditinjau adalah gelombang soliter. Formulasi gelombang soliter dilakukan dengan menggunakan formulasi Hamiltonian.
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