Judul: Analysis of the Dynamics of Indonesian Tea Competitiveness in the World Market
Abstrak: Luas areal perkebunan teh yang dimiliki Indonesia mampu menghasilkan produksi yang sebagian bisa diekspor. Namun demikian ekspor teh di Indonesia selama sepuluh tahun terakhir mengalami pasang surut. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor salah satunya adalah produksi t e h domestik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dinamika kinerja daya saing teh Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) untuk mengetahui dayasaing dan dilanjutkan dengan Dynamic Revealed Comparative Advantage (DRCA) untuk mengetahui perkembangan “daya saing” dalam praktis satu dekade teh Indonesia,yaitu tahun 2012 hingga 2022. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa daya saing teh Indonesia cukup rendah di pasar dunia, hal ini ditunjukan dengan nilai RCA yang memiliki tren turun. Turunnya daya saing secara signifikan sejalan dengan penurunan produksi teh Indonesia. Analisis DRCA mengindikasikan bahwa Indonesia berada dalam kategori negara dengan lost opportunity, menunjukkan perlunya perubahan strategis., The area of tea plantations owned by Indonesia is able to produce production, some of which can be exported. However, tea exports in Indonesia over the past ten years have experienced ups and downs. This is influenced by many factors, one of which is domestic tea production. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of Indonesia's tea competitiveness performance. The method used in this study is Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) to determine competitiveness and continued with Dynamic Revealed Comparative Advantage (DRCA) to determine the development of competitiveness in practically a decade of Indonesian tea, namely 2012 to 2022. The results of this study show that the competitiveness of Indonesian tea is quite low in the world market, this is indicated by the RCA value which has a downward trend. The decline in competitiveness is significantly in line with the decline in Indonesia's tea production. DRCA analysis indicates that Indonesia is in the category of countries with lost opportunities, indicating the need for strategic change.
Keyword: dayasaing, DRCA, RCA, teh, competitiveness, tea

Judul: Analysis of Performance and Competitiveness of Indonesian Black Tea in Export Destination Countries (Case Study Malaysia)
Abstrak: Teh merupakan komoditas perkebunan unggulan yang berorientasi ekspor dan berkontribusi besar terhadap produk domestik bruto (PDB). Pada tahun 2018, Indonesia menempati peringkat pertama eksportir dengan volume ekspor teh hitam terbesar di Malaysia, namun nilai dan harga ekspor Indonesia termasuk rendah. Negara pesaing utama Indonesia yaitu China, India, Kenya, dan Vietnam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja perdagangan dan daya saing teh hitam Indonesia di Malaysia dengan menggunakan pendekatan keunggulan komparatif dan keunggulan kompetitif. Metode yang digunakan adalah TBI, RCA, dan teori berlian Porter. Komoditas yang dianalisis yaitu teh hitam dengan kode HS 090240. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia berperan sebagai negara eksportir di pasar teh hitam Malaysia. Indeks RCA Indonesia berada di peringkat dua setelah Kenya, memperlihatkan bahwa Indonesia berdaya saing komparatif di antara pesaing utama. Daya saing kompetitif Indoensia cukup kuat, namun terdapat dua komponen yang masih harus ditingkatkan yaitu kondisi permintaan domestik dan kondisi strategi, struktur, dan persaingan pasar., Tea is a leading plantation commodity that is export-oriented and contributes greatly to gross domestic product (GDP). In 2018, Indonesia was ranked as the first exporter with the largest black tea export volume in Malaysia, but the value and price of Indonesia's exports are low. Indonesia's main competitors are China, India, Kenya, and Vietnam. This study aims to analyze the trade performance and competitiveness of Indonesian black tea in Malaysia using a comparative advantage and competitive advantage approach. The methods used are TBI, RCA, and Porter's diamond theory. The commodity is black tea with HS code 090240. The results show that Indonesia has a role as an exporter country in the Malaysian black tea market. Indonesia's RCA Index is ranked second after Kenya, showing that Indonesia is comparatively competitive among its main competitors. The competitiveness of Indonesia is quite strong, but there are two components that still need to be improved. First is the condition of domestic demand and the second one is the conditions of strategy, structure, and market competition.
Keyword: comparative, competitive, Porter diamond, RCA, TBI

Judul: Approximation of the Median of Poisson Distribution Using the Relation of Poisson-Gamma Distribution
Abstrak: A major drawback of median is that median cannot usually be defined in closed form, even in the cases where their distribution functions are known. This study gives an approximation of the closed form for the median of the Poisson distribution by using the relation of Poisson-Gamma distribution. The approximation uses elementary techniques based on the monotonicity of certain sequences involving tail probabilities of the Poisson distribution and the Central Limit Theorem. Furthermore, a closed form expression for the mean absolute deviation 􀜧|􀜰􀰒 􀵆 􀜯􀝁􀝀􁈺􀜰􀰒􁈻| is also studied. The median is relevant because of the fact that it minimizes the mean absolute deviation of a Poisson random variable (􀜰􀰒􁈻 by considering median as central tendency.
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