Judul: IPB (Bogor Agricultural University)
Abstrak: Perkembangan kegiatan ekonomi dunia di era globalisasi ekonomi menuntut dikuranginya hambatan perdagangan (trade barriers). Hambatan perdagangan seperti tarif, pajak dan kuota barang dikurangi atau dihilangkan di kawasan perdagangan bebas (KPB) untuk menarik investasi domestik dan asing. Akibat aktifitas perdagangan bebas tersebut menimbulkan eksternalitas terhadap lingkungan, karena lingkungan berperan sebagai barang konsumsi, penyedia sumberdaya alam, dan tempat menampung limbah. Dalam hal ini kegiatan perdagangan bebas tidak terlepas dari permasalahan lingkungan.
Keyword: Sustainability factors, Environmental controlling policy, Free trade zone, Compatible environmental policy

Judul: IPB (Bogor Agricultural University)
Abstrak: Produk pertanian dan agroindustri meningkat peranannya dalam pembangunan nasional, terutama sejak terjadinya krisis ekonomi tahun 1997. Kondisi tersebut mendorong pengembangan ekonomi berbasis bahan baku dalam negeri (resources based industry) sebagai kornoditi andalan ekspor penghssil devisa. Selain itu pertanian dan agroindustri juga berperan dalarn menyerap tenaga kerja, rnendorong pemerataan pembangunan, pernacu pertumbuhan ekonomi dan kesejahteraan rakyat, dan pendorong pengembangan wilayah. Globalisasi perdagangan dengan tingkat persaingan yang tinggi menuntut dikembangkannya keunggulan komparatif agroindustri kelapa sawit (AGROSAWIT) ke arah keunggulan kompetitif. Untuk itu diperlukan peningkatan mutu kebijakan dan pengelolaan yang profesional pada seluruh mata rantai sistem mulai dari pembibitan, budidaya, pasca panen, pengolahan, transportasi, distribusi dan pemasaran.
Keyword: 

Judul: Mitochondrial DNA Gene Organization and Phylogenetic Relationship of Naja siamensis
Abstrak: Naja siamensis is one of Asiatic cobra in the Family of Elapidae, known as a cryptic snake. It has many morphological variations that lead to misidentification. Misidentification can cause the wrong concept in developing antivenom types due to high snakebite cases occur in Thailand. Thus, an accurate species identification using a molecular approach is crucially required. Mitochondrial DNA has been used widely in snake molecular studies. These studies were aimed to determine the arrangement of the N. siamensis partial mitochondrial genes using reptile-oriented primers and to reveal the phylogenetic relationship among other species of Asian cobra. DNA extraction was carried out based on the standard DNA salting-out protocol and was conducted by bioinformatics analysis using BLASTn and MEGA 6 software. Gene annotation was performed against N. kaouthia complete genome. A total of 3121 bp of N. siamensis mtDNA genes were sequenced consisting of partial of six regions: 16S rRNA, ND1, tRNA-Ile, CRII region, tRNA-Leu, tRNA-Gln, and COI genes. The mtDNA gene organization of N. siamensis was predicted to has a similar pattern with the common Elapidae mtDNA gene organization. This study showed that there is a monophyletic form in Naja genus and N. kaouthia is the closest species with N. siamensis based on partial 16S rRNA and ND1 gene.
Keyword: 16S rRNA, Elapidae, ND1, phylogenetic relationship