Judul: Analisis fungsi keuntungan, efisiensi ekonomi relatif, dan kemungkinan skema kredit bagi pengembangan skala usaha peternakan sapi perah rakyat di Kelurahan Kebon Pedes, Kotamadya Bogor
Abstrak: Salah satu hasil penting dari subsektor peternakan adalah komoditi susu. Permintaan akan komoditi susu dari masyarakat Indonesia sampai saat ini masih belum terpenuhi oleh subsektor peternakan dan industri pengolahan susu dalam negeri. Kelebihan permintaan (ucess demand) akan komoditi susu tersebut ini akhinya dipenuhi melalui impor.Tidak terpenuhinya kebutuhan akan susu secara umum dan susu segar dalam negeri secara khusus terjadi karena alasan berupa kurangnya jumlah populasi temak sapi perah. Sehingga, secara akumulatif jumlah produksi belum mampu memenuhi kebutuhan konsumsi walaupun ada kecenderungan produktivitas per ternak meningkat.
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Judul: Analisis pendapatan dan efisiensi penggunaan faktor-faktor produksi pada usaha peternakan sapi perah (studi kasus kawasan usaha peternakan (KUNAK) sapi perah di kecamatan Cibungbulang, kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: Perrnintaan akan komoditi susu sernakin meningkat setiap tahunnya, akan tetapi produksi dalam negeri masih belum dapat memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut. Meningkatnya nilai tukar Dolar terhadap Rupiah beberapa tahun terakhir ini menyebabkan harga produk luar negeri menjadi relatif lebih rnahal dibandingkan dengan harga produk dalam negeri, demikian pula yang teJjadi dengan produk susu. Hal ini tentunya mernberikan peluang kepada peteruak domestik untuk meningkatkan produksinya.
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Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell