Judul: Rancang Bangun Alat Ukur Kadar Gula Darah Non-Invasive Berbasis Sensor Fotodioda
Abstrak: A non-invasive blood glucose meter has been invented before by using light dependent resistor (LDR) as its sensor. This glucose meter has not generating accurate data because LDR is susceptible to noise. Photodiode sensor has more specific wavelength spectral response than LDR, so it can be more resistant to noise. The purpose of this study are to design a non-invasive glucose meter by using photodiode as its sensor and test it on blood glucose variations. The main component of this tool are photodiode sensor, signal conditioning circuits, and microcontroller ATmega328P. This tool is tested by measuring blood glucose level and seeing its correlation with the output voltage from the circuit. The result showed that the light intensity as represented by output voltage, will actually changed when the value of blood glucose changed, following polinomial equation y = 0,0014 x2 - 0,6652 x + 139,34. Coefficient of correlation R2 = 0,9544 showed that x has a real effect toward y, so it can be concluded that photodiode has been functioning properly as non-invasive blood glucose meter’s sensor. The accuration and precision value of this glucose meter are 98,92% and 97,41%.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), photodiode, non-invasive, blood glucose levels

Judul: Rancang Bangun Alat Ukur Gula Darah Non-Invasive Berbasis Microcontroller ATMEGA32A
Abstrak: In this research, carried out design of the prototype measuring devices noninvasive blood sugar (without harm the body) utilizing specific absorption wavelength at 521 nm blood sugar. Prototype manufacturing using a LED light source that emits electromagnetic waves in the region 521nm, LDR as light sensor to measure the transmittance of blood sugar, and signal processing circuit consist of buffer circuit, filter circuit, and peak detector circuit. Blood glucose measurements performed by irradiating the left little finger using LED, transmittance captured by the LDR afterward precessed by the signal processing circuit is then converted into the ADC value by microcontroller atmega32a. The correlation between the concentration of blood sugar to the ADC values determined by curve plotting method in Microsoft Excel 2007.The correlation can be approximated by a polynomial equation of second order, y=0.17984x2- 15.263x+416.33, where y is the concentration of blood sugar and x is the value of ADC. Accuracy and precision values that obtained in prototype testing about 92,25% and 89,24%.
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Judul: Distribusi spasial kima (Tridacnidae) dan hubungannya dengan kondisi ekologis terumbu karang di Kepulauan Karimunjawa, Jawa Tengah
Abstrak: Indonesia dengan luas lautan 6.87 juta km² memiliki keanekaragaman hayati laut yang kaya, terutama ekosistem terumbu karang dengan luas kurang lebih 50.000 km². Berdasarkan perkiraan, 70 % terumbu karang dunia akan rusak dan hilang pada 10 sampai 40 tahun mendatang akibat dari perubahan iklim global. Kima dari famili Tridacnidae sebagai salah satu penyusun utama terumbu karang merupakan jenis bivalvia berukuran relatif besar yang distribusinya terbatas hanya di daerah ekosistem terumbu karang Indo-Pasifik. Pada beberapa dekade terakhir, kima telah mengalami eksploitasi besar-besaran. Eksploitasi kima secara besar-besaran dapat menyebabkan kepunahan biota kima tersebut dan mengakibatkan kerusakan terumbu karang yang hidup juga (Pasaribu, 1988). Oleh karena itu pemerintah mengumumkan ketujuh kima yang ada di Indonesia sebagai biota laut yang dilindungi berdasarkan Surat Keputusan Menteri Kehutanan no. 12/Kpts - II/1987. Tiga spesies kima (Tridacna gigas, T. derasa dan Hippopus porcellanus) yang dahulu melimpah di seluruh Indonesia kini telah berkurang secara mencolok. Penelitian singkat atas populasi kima di Kepulauan Seribu dan Kepulauan Karimunjawa menunjukkan bahwa T. gigas dan T. derasa telah punah. Spesies­ spesies lainnya, T.crocea, T. squamosa dan Hhippopus, masih ditemukan namun telah mengalami penurunan populasi.
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