Judul: The Formulation of Chicken Nugget with Red Bean Substitution (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as a Snack Source of Protein for Toddlers
Abstrak: Balita membutuhkan kecukupan zat gizi untuk mendukung proses pertumbuhan dan perkembangannya. Balita yang mengalami defisiensi protein, zat besi, dan seng memiliki risiko lebih besar menderita stunting. Nugget banyak dinikmati oleh berbagai kalangan masyarakat dan mudah dikembangkan dengan berbagai isian, seperti daging ayam dan kacang merah yang mengandung protein, zat besi, dan seng. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mendapatkan formula terbaik dari nugget daging ayam substitusi kacang merah sebagai pangan alternatif untuk balita. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada warna, tekstur, rasa, aftertaste, keseluruhan, kadar air, kadar zat besi, dan kadar seng. Formula nugget terpilih adalah dengan substitusi kacang merah sebanyak 50% (F2). Nugget F2 memiliki kandungan protein sebesar 14,7% bb, seng sebesar 2,12 mg/100g, dan zat besi sebesar 15,85 mg/100g. Kandungan zat gizi makro dan mineral sudah memenuhi kontribusi zat gizi satu kali makan selingan terhadap AKG anak balita usia 1-3 tahun dan 4-6 tahun. Nugget F2 ini mencapai klaim tinggi protein, tinggi zat besi, dan tinggi seng., Toddlers need adequate nutrition to support the process of growth and development. Toddlers who are deficient in protein, iron, and zinc have a greater risk of suffering from stunting. Nuggets are widely enjoyed by various groups of people and easy to develop with various fillings, such as chicken and red bean which contain protein, iron, and zinc. The purpose of this study was to obtain the best formula for chicken nuggets substituted with red beans as an alternative food for toddlers. The results of this study indicate that there are significant differences in color, texture, taste, aftertaste, overall, and water, iron, zinc levels. The selected nugget formula was substituted with red beans as much as 50% (F2). Nugget F2 contains 14.7% wt protein, 2.12 mg/100g zinc, and 15.85 mg/100g iron. The content of macronutrients and minerals has fulfilled the contribution of one time snack nutrients to the RDA for toddler aged 1-3 years and 4-6 years. Formulation F2 claimed as the high of protein, iron, and zinc.
Keyword: nugget, protein, red bean, toddlers, zinc

Judul: Formulation of Brownies from Corn Flour with Kidney Bean  Substitution as a Snack for Toddler
Abstrak: Jagung dan kacang merah merupakan bahan pangan lokal yang kaya akan zat gizi, dapat diolah menjadi makanan selingan untuk balita. Salah satu makanan selingan yang dapat diolah menggunakan bahan pangan ini adalah brownies. Brownies berbahan tepung jagung dan kacang merah dapat dijadikan alternatif dalam pembuatan makanan selingan yang dapat membantu menambah asupan zat gizi pada balita. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan dan menganalisis nilai gizi produk brownies berbahan tepung jagung dan kacang merah. Terdapat tiga formula dengan persentase penggunaan tepung jagung dan kacang merah yang berbeda, yaitu F1 (100:0), F2 (70:30), F3 (40:60). Berdasarkan hasil uji organoleptik dan estimasi nilai kandungan zat gizi, F3 ditetapkan sebagai formula terpilih. Brownies formula terpilih mengandung kadar air 31,84%; kadar abu 2,06%; protein 7,97%; lemak 16,59%; karbohidrat 41,42%; kalsium 60,1 mg/100g; fosfor 233,25 mg/100 g. Satu takaran saji brownies menyumbang 104 kkal energi. Brownies formula terpilih memenuhi syarat klaim sebagai sumber protein dan tinggi fosfor., Corn and kidney bean are local food with rich nutrients and can be processed into snacks for toddler. One type of the snacks that can be processed using this foodstuff is brownies. Brownies made from corn flour and kidney bean can be used as an alternative to snacks that can help increase nutrient intake for toddlers. This study aimed to develop and analyze the nutritional value of brownies products made from corn flour and kidney beans. This study used three formulas with different ratios of corn flour and kidney beans, namely F1 (100:0), F2 (70:30), and F3 (40:60). Based on the organoleptic test and nutritional content estimation, F3 was determined as the selected formula. The selected brownies contain 31,84% water; 2.06% ash; 7.97% protein; 16.59% fat; 41.42% carbohydrate; 60.1 mg/100g calcium; 233.25 mg/100 g phosphor. One serving size of brownie contributes 104 kcal of energy. These brownies qualify for nutritional content claims as a source of protein and high in phosphorus.
Keyword: kidney bean, brownies, corn flour, phosphor, protein

Judul: Penggunaan Teorema Homeomorphy 2-Manifold dan Teorema Euler Poincare pada Torus 𝑇�� dan Simplicial Complex 𝐾��
Abstrak: Two dimensional topological spaces are said to be homeomorphic if they have the same topological invariant, where one of topological invariant used is an Euler characteristic. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem and Euler Poincare’s Theorem are used to distinguish two topological spaces. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem uses Euler characteristic to identify two dimensional topological spaces. Euler Poincare’s Theorem is an alternative way to find Euler characteristic with Betti number, which is topological invariant as well. The objective of this paper is to investigate the homeomorphism of torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾�����. Topological space torus and simplicial complex 𝐾����� have the same Euler characteristic, which is two. Based on Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem topological space torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾����� is homeomorphic.
Keyword: simplicial, torus, Euler, homeomorphism, topology