Judul: Menentukan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka (TPT) Provinsi Jawa Barat dengan Regresi Terboboti Geografis (RTG)
Abstrak: Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka (TPT) merupakan proporsi jumlah penduduk yang sedang aktif mencari kerja terhadap jumlah penduduk angkatan kerja. Data pengangguran yang bersifat mengelompok menyebabkan keragaman karakteristik antar titik pengamatan. Hal ini diduga karena adanya pengaruh aspek spasial atau faktor lokasi. Kondisi ini menyebabkan data antar pengamatan sulit untuk memenuhi asumsi regresi klasik seperti kehomogenan ragam sisaan. Salah satu metode yang digunakan untuk mengatasi permasalahan keheterogenan ragam sisaan akibat adanya faktor lokasi pengamatan yaitu Regresi Terboboti Geografis (RTG). Hasil analisis dengan menggunakan fungsi pembobot kernel normal (Gaussian) menunjukkan bahwa model RTG lebih baik daripada model regresi klasik dalam menjelaskan hubungan antara TPT dan peubah penjelasnya. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai R2 terkoreksi model RTG (92.80%) yang lebih besar dari model regresi klasik (52.8%). Selain itu, nilai jumlah kuadrat galat dan nilai AIC model RTG lebih kecil dari model regresi klasik. Peubah penjelas yang berpengaruh terhadap TPT secara keseluruhan yaitu peubah kepadatan penduduk (x1), persentase penduduk miskin (x2), upah minimum Kabupaten/Kota (x7) dan persentase unit usaha industri besar per jumlah penduduk usia kerja (x10). Dengan uji parsial parameter model RTG, diperoleh hasil bahwa dari 26 Kabupaten/Kota terdapat delapan kelompok Kabupaten/Kota dengan pola peubah penjelas yang sama dalam pengaruhnya terhadap TPT.
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Judul: Identification of Factor Affecting Open Unemployment Rate in West Java Using Panel Data Regression
Abstrak: Provinsi Jawa Barat merupakan provinsi dengan tingkat pengangguran terbuka tertinggi di Indonesia pada tahun 2022 sebesar 8,31%. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan model yang tepat untuk menduga Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka (TPT) di Provinsi Jawa Barat menggunakan regresi data panel sehingga dapat mengidentifikasi peubah-peubah yang memengaruhinya. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari BPS selama lima tahun (2018–2022) dan terdiri dari 27 kabupaten/kota. Peubah respon yang diamati adalah tingkat pengangguran terbuka kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Sedangkan, faktor-faktor yang digunakan sebagai peubah penjelas adalah tingkat partisipasi angkatan kerja, rata-rata lama sekolah, pengeluaran per kapita, laju pertumbuhan penduduk, persentase penduduk miskin, angka partisipasi kasar SMA, produk domestik bruto regional per kapita atas dasar harga konstan, upah minimum kabupaten/kota, penanaman modal asing, dan penanaman modal dalam negeri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model regresi data panel yang sesuai untuk menggambarkan tingkat pengangguran terbuka di Jawa Barat adalah model pengaruh acak spesifik dua arah dengan nilai R2 sebesar 41,71%. Peubah yang berpengaruh signifikan pada taraf nyata 5% adalah tingkat partisipasi angkatan kerja, laju pertumbuhan penduduk, dan upah minimum kabupaten/kota., West Java is the province with the highest open unemployment rate in Indonesia by 2022, at 8,31%. This research aims to determine the appropriate model for estimating the Open Unemployment Rate (TPT) in West Java Province using panel data regression so that it can identify the variables that influence it. The data used in this study are secondary data obtained from BPS for five years (2018–2022) and comprised of 27 districts/cities. The observed response variable is the unemployment rate of the open county/city in the West Java province. The factors used as explanatory variables are the participation rate of the labor force, average school age, per capita output, population growth rate, percentage of the poor population, high school gross participation, regional gross domestic product, district/city minimum wage, foreign capital investment, and domestic capital investment. The study results showed that the panel data regression model suitable to describe the open unemployment rate in West Java was a Random Effect Model with a two-way specific effect influence with an R-squared value of 41,71%. Variables significantly affecting the 5% significance level are the labor force participation rate, population growth rate, and district/city minimum wages.
Keyword: open unemployment rate, panel data regression, random effect model two way, west java

Judul: Systematics of Desmos (Annonaceae) in Malesia
Abstrak: Desmos is a woody climbing genus of Annonaceae which has been widely used as traditional medicine in several countries such as China, Indo-China, Thailand, and Peninsular Malaysia to treat dysentery, vertigo, fever, and postpartum. Phylogenetic studies on Desmos showed a close relationship between Desmos and Dasymaschalon. They share similar moniliform monocarpic fruits, but their flowers are different. It has been debated among Annonaceae researchers whether both genera should be treated as the same or distinct genus. Therefore, investigation on the taxonomic delimitation of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon will be necessary. Plastid genome (plastome) identification, leaf epidermal section of Desmos species and Dasymaschalon species, a taxonomic revision of Desmos in Malesia using morphological data, the spatial distribution of Desmos species in Malesia, and morphological and genetic variation in Desmos chinensis population using ISSR marker were used to investigate taxonomic delimitation of Desmos. Plastome study of Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was carried out to determine the origin, evolution, phylogenomics, and identify marker candidates for Desmos and Dasymaschalon or with other genera in Annonaceae. We discovered that the plastome of Desmos chinensis was circular with the size of 167,677 bp (smaller than Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum), consist of 111 genes, including 78 protein-coding genes, 29 transfer RNAs, and 4 ribosomal RNAs. The plastome showed a typical quadripartite structure, i.e., large single copy (LSC), small single copy (SSC), and two inverted repeats (IRs). The plastome of Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum was 191,488 bp in length, which also exhibited a typical quadripartite structure (LSC, SSC, and two IRs). Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum showed different copies of accD, ndhD, ndhF, rps18, and ycf2. Protein coding genes of rpoB, rpoC1, rbcL, matK, rpl32, infA, and rpl36 were identified based on nucleotide diversity, sequence variability, and parsimony-informative sites. The genes are defined as molecular marker candidates of plastome for phylogenetic, barcoding, and population genetic research. We predicted that Desmos chinensis and Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum separated at ca. 64 million years ago during the Paleocene. Leaf anatomical feature study was carried to support the taxonomic delimitation of interspecific Desmos and intergeneric of Desmos and Dasymaschalon. Leaf anatomy in the paradermal section of 20 taxa (12 species of Desmos, eight species of Dasymaschalon) have been carried out. According to the leaf epidermal section, Desmos and Dasymaschalon are two distinct genera mainly distinguished based on the anticlinal wall undulation of epidermal cells and supported by variation of the crystal type and size. The anticlinal wall undulation of Desmos was almost straight to slightly wavy and never sinuous; meanwhile, Dasymaschalon varies from almost straight to deeply sinusoid. The crystals of Desmos consist of rhombohedral, druse type A, and druse type B crystals, whereas Dasymaschalon has prism, druse type A, druse type B, and druse type C crystals. The recent taxonomic revision using the morphological data was mainly based on the examination of about 1374 specimens from BO, L, WAN, ANDA, SING, SAN, K, P, HUH herbaria. The Desmos species in Malesia consists of eight species: D. acutus, D. chinensis, D. chryseus, D. dunalii, D. pedunculosus, D. subbiglandulosus, two new records: D. lawii and D. macrocarpus, and one
Keyword: Dasymaschalon, Desmoid clade, Magnoliid, plastid genome, phylogenomics analysis