Judul: Performa Kambing Peranakan Etawah Lepas Sapih yang Diberi Creep Feed Mengandung Tepung Larva Black Soldier Fly (BSF) Substitusi Bungkil Kedelai.
Abstrak: Kambing lepas sapih merupakan fase yang sangat menentukan keberhasilan produktivitas ternak kambing. Nutrisi sangat penting untuk mendukung pertumbuhan kambing. Protein adalah komponen penting yang digunakan sebagai bahan pembangun untuk massa otot, regenerasi sel dan penyusun beberapa hormon pertumbuhan serta enzim. Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh penggantian bungkil kedelai dengan tepung larva BSF terhadap konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan dan efisiensi pakan pada kambing PE lepas sapih. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan tiga perlakuan dan lima kelompok ulangan. Kambing PE dipelihara selama 8 minggu, menggunakan 15 kambing lepas sapih berusia 3 sampai 4 bulan dengan bobot badan rata-rata 14.58 ± 1.81 kg. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu, P0: ransum yang mengandung 30% bungkil kedelai; P1: ransum mengandung 15% bungkil kedelai dan 15% tepung larva BSF; P2: ransum yang mengandung 30% tepung larva BSF. Peubah yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumsi (rumput, konsentrat, bahan kering, nutrien dan TDN), pertambahan bobot badan harian dan efisiensi pakan. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA). Data antar perlakuan yang berbeda secara signifikan dianalisis menggunakan Uji Polinomial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan tepung larva BSF memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap konsumsi lemak kasar (P<0.05) tetapi tidak mempengaruhi konsumsi bahan kering, protein kasar, serat kasar, TDN, PBBH dan efisiensi pakan. Substitusi tepung larva BSF terhadap bungkil kedelai pada Creep Feed yang diberikan pada anak kambing PE lepas sapih tidak mempengaruhi performa. Kesimpulan tepung larva BSF dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti bungkil kedelai dalam ransum Creep Feed.
Keyword: bungkil kedelai, konsumsi nutrien, larva BSF, perfoma

Judul: Performa dan Profil Mikroba Rumen Kambing Peranakan Etawah Lepas Sapih yang Diberi Ransum Mengandung Tepung Jangkrik
Abstrak: Pakan dengan protein tinggi mahal, sehingga dibutuhkan alternatif bahan pakan sumber protein lain. Tepung jangkrik merupakan alternatif pakan sumber protein (48.84%) yang dapat menggantikan bungkil kedelai. Kambing lepas sapih memerlukan protein yang berkualitas di dalam ransumnya untuk menunjang pertumbuhan. Penilitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 3 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan sebagai kelompok berdasarkan bobot badan. Penelitian dilakukan selama 5 bulan, menggunakan sebanyak 12 ekor kambing umur 3 bulan dengan rata-rata bobot badan 11.28 ± 0.33 kg. Perlakuan pada penelitian ini adalah konsentrat mengandung sumber protein bungkil kedelai (P0), konsentrat mengandung 15% tepung jangkrik (P1), dan konsentrat mengandung 30% tepung jangkrik (P2). Semua ternak diberi 30% rumput Brachiaria humidicola dan 70% konsentrat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan ini tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap konsumsi bahan kering, konsumsi protein kasar, pertambahan bobot badan mingguan, efisiensi pakan, populasi protozoa, bakteri total, bakteri proteolitik, dan total protein endapan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan perlakuan ransum mengandung 30% tepung cenderung menurunkan populasi protozoa sebesar 8.16%. Perlakuan ini tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap konsumsi bahan kering, konsumsi protein kasar, pertambahan bobot badan mingguan, efisiensi pakan, populasi protozoa, bakteri total, bakteri proteolitik, dan total protein endapan. Disimpulkan bahwa tepung jangkrik dapat menggantikan seluruh penggunaan bungkil kedelai dalam ransum tanpa mempengaruhi performa dan profil mikroba rumen kambing PE lepas sapih.
Keyword: performa, profil mikroba rumen, tepung jangkrik

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite