Judul: VRIO and 4 C’s Analysis on Nico Farma Pharmacy Business  Development Strategy
Abstrak: Pertumbuhan Industri farmasi telah meningkatkan persaingan diantara para pelaku usaha di industri ini, termasuk apotek sebagai sarana penunjang kesehatan. Oleh karena itu, penting bagi apotek untuk memiliki strategi bisnis yang unggul, kompetitif, dan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis sumber daya dan kapabilitas yang menjadi sumber keunggulan bersaing kompetitif berkelanjutan, serta merumuskan strategi mempertahankan dan mengembangkan sumber daya dan kapabilitas. Studi kasus pada penelitian ini adalah Apotek Nico Farma. Metode penelitian menggunakan Value Chain Analysis, VRIO analysis dan mix marketing 4-C’s. Data primer diperoleh melalui observasi dan in-depth interview. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Apotek Nico Farma memiliki sumber keunggulan bersaing berkelanjutan dengan 12 sumber daya dan kapabilitas yang kemudian dirumuskan ke dalam strategi bisnis., The growth of the pharmaceutical industry has increased competition among its businesses, including pharmacies as health support facilities. Therefore, it is important for pharmacy to have outstanding competitive and sustainable business strategy. This study aims to identify and analyze resources and capabilities that are a source of sustainable competitive advantage, and formulate strategies to maintain and develop them. A case study in this research is Nico Farma Pharmacy. Research method used Value Chain Analysis, VRIO Analysis, and mix marketing 4-C’s. Primary data were obtained from observation and in-depth interviews. The results of the study show that Nico Farma Pharmacy owns a source of sustainable competitive advantage with 12 resources and capabilities which are formulated into a business strategy.
Keyword: Pharmacy, VRIO Analysis, mix marketing 4-C’s, resources and  capabilities, business strategy

Judul: Development Strategy and Feasibility Study on the Pharmaceutical Industry in the face of local competition in PT Bouti Usabda Farma, Solo.
Abstrak: The pharmaceutical industry in Indonesia has undergone many developments, both in terms of management, the products or services. The pharmaceutical industry is a strategic industry, because it has helped bring about national defense purposes. Important factor which plays an important role in the pharmaceutical industry lies in the raw materials of drugs. Raw materials that exist during childbirth is just the usual drug products, but the times have been a lot of progress and a high need for medication. This encourages entrepreneurs engaged in the pharmaceutical industry has innovation and improvement in creating better drug product and delivered many entrepreneurs to engage in the pharmaceutical field, giving rise to competition today. Innovation arising by employers in the pharmaceutical field bore competition. It is also shared by one of the local small and medium industries (SMEs) in Solo, PT Bouti Usabda Farma who had undergone pharmaceutical business for 25 years so it has had plenty of experience and problems in running their business. This study aims to: (1) analyze the problems faced by Farma PT Bouti Usabda and solutions, (2) identify the factors that become barriers PT Bouti Usabda Farma in the face of competition, (3) find a way of developing strategy and business feasibility PT Bouti Usabda Farma. Collecting data in this study consisted of primary data obtained from observations in the form of qualitative and quantitative data using the method of direct interview with the owner of the company and questionnaires given to pharmacies who are the partners and their PT Bouti Usabda Farma its suppliers and employees of the company by using sampling methods. Secondary data were obtained from magazines, newspapers, journals and online media. In this study, the methods used are (1) a method Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) and External Factor Evaluation (EFE) to identify the issues involved, both from within and outside the company PT Bouti Usabda Farma and solutions, (2) analysis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT), Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM), payback period (PBP) and Break Event Point (BEP) to analyze financial data available for the development and feasibility of PT Bouti Usabda Farma. Based on internal and external data Farma PT Bouti Usabda, found that the main strength of the company is located in the capital that is strong enough and that becomes its weakness is the lack of power the Human Resource Department (HRD). Opportunities are held outstanding service to pharmacy suppliers and partners, as well as a threat to the company is the number of peers. Another thing PT Bouti Usabda Farma be in a position quadrant V hold and maintain, in a state where the company maintain and develop the business. Alternative strategies that can be used by the company is maximizing energy salesman who owned businesses or to expand the network of regional distributors and the feasibility of their business requires a period of four years to achieve payback.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB)

Judul: Karakteristik Anatomi Skelet Kepala Buaya senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii).
Abstrak: Buaya sepit atau senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii) merupakan jenis buaya asli Indonesia yang berhabitat di sungai-sungai Sumatera, Kalimantan, dan juga pedalaman Sulawesi. Salah satu ciri khas buaya senyulong adalah bentuk moncong yang runcing dan sempit, namun hingga saat ini informasi mengenai struktur skelet kepala buaya senyulong sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik anatomi skelet kepala buaya senyulong yang dikatikan dengan fungsi dan perilakunya. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksploratif dengan melakukan pengamatan, pencatatan, dan pengambilan gambar dari skelet kepala buaya senyulong. Skelet kepala berukuran panjang 70 cm, lebar 29 cm, dan tingggi 17 cm dengan permukaan kasar pada os nasale, os frontale, os maxilla, os mandibula, os lacrimale, os jugale. Jumlah gigi pada buaya ini sebanyak 78 buah, terdiri dari 4 buah gigi premaxila, 16 buah gigi maxila, dan 19 buah gigi mandibula. Pada regio orbitalis ditemukan dua pasang fenestrae temporales yang berkembang baik. Fenestra supratemporale merupakan lubang oval yang membentang di sepanjang os parietale. Fenestra infratemporale berbentuk segitiga dan dibatasi oleh os squamosum, os postorbitale, os jugulare, dan os quadratum. Os mandibula hewan ini mempunyai symphysis mandibularis yang panjang yaitu garis yang melintang di corpus mandibulae. Secara fungsional ukuran symphysis mandibularis berkaitan dengan adaptasi hewan terhadap diet makan.
Keyword: kepala, moncong, Tomistoma schlegelii