Judul: Aktivitas Ekstrak Daun Sirsak Sebagai Inhibitor Enzim Alfa Glukosidase (In Vitro) Dari Sembilan Lokasi Di Jawa Barat.
Abstrak: Ekstrak daun sirsak (Annona muricata L.) dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai agen antidiabetes dengan cara menghambat kerja enzim α-glukosidase secara in vitro melalui senyawa bioaktif yang terkandung di dalam ekstrak. Pada penelitian ini, daun sirsak diambil dari lokasi Desa Leuwigoong (Garut I), Desa Cangkuang (Garut II), Desa Kadungora (Garut III), Desa Sukasirna (Cianjur I), Desa Sukasarana (Cianjur II), Desa Ciherang (Cianjur III), Desa Karangpapak Jenis Ratu (Sukabumi I), Desa Karangpapak Jenis Asam (Sukabumi II), dan Desa Sukasari (Sukabumi II). Proses maserasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan dua jenis pelarut, etanol 70% dan air. Ekstraksi menggunakan metode microwave agar lebih memudahkan pengeluaran senyawa bioaktif. Ekstrak etanol dan air diukur kadar air, jumlah rendemen, uji fitokimia, uji GC-MS, penentuan kadar total fenol, dan uji inhibisi. Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukkan hasil yang positif, kecuali untuk pengujian keberadaan senyawa golongan steroid. Hasil screening senyawa GC-MS menunjukkan adanya senyawa golongan fenol (benzamida, benzokuinon, vinil fenol), senyawa golongan alkaloid (piperin dan piperidin), dan senyawa antioksidan (tokoferol). Hasil penentuan total komponen fenolik menunjukkan sampel lokasi Sukabumi I menjadi sampel dengan total fenolik tertinggi baik ekstrak etanol (49.40±1.05) maupun ekstrak air (36.98±0.17). Persen inhibisi terbesar pada ekstrak etanol konsentrasi 1% berasal dari lokasi Sukabumi I sebesar 96.83±1.42, konsentrasi 1.5 % dari lokasi Sukabumi III sebesar 98.94±0.54, dan konsentrasi 2% berasal dari Sukabumi II sebesar 99.35±0.31, sedangkan ekstrak air pada konsentrasi 1%; 1.5%; dan 2% menunjukkan Cianjur sebagai lokasi dengan persen inhbisi tertinggi sebesar 71.15±2.61; 79.37±2.18; dan 93.46±3.60. Jumlah yang banyak dari setiap ekstrak mampu bekerja dalam menghambat enzim α-glukosidase secara in vitro.
Keyword: α-glukosidase, Annona muricata L, antidiabetes

Judul: Aktivitas antidiabetes ekstrak air dan etanol daun sirsak secara in vitro melalui inhibisi enzim α-glukosidase
Abstrak: Soursop leaf is a part of the soursop plant used in traditional medicine and proven for antidiabetic agent through decrease in blood glucose level. However, the mechanism of decrease in blood glucose level has not been determined. The research was done to determine the activity of aqueous and ethanol extract of soursop leaf at 1, 1.50, 2% as α-glucosidase inhibitor, compared their activities with acarbose 1% as positive control and determine the mechanism of inhibition. Soursop leaf were extracted with ethanol 70% using maceration method and boiling water method. Aqueous and ethanol extract of soursop leaf were used for phytochemical assay and used for α-glucosidase inhibition method. The α- glucosidase activity was determined by measuring the p-nitrophenol release from the reaction of the enzyme and substrate p-nitrophenil- α-D-glucopiranoside (p- NPG) at 400 nm. The phytochemical analysis indicates that aqueous extract and ethanol extract contained alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, and steroid. Both of them can inhibit α-glucosidase activity, but the mechanism of inhibition of the extract has not been able to determined. Aqueous extract can inhibit α-glucosidase activity up to 41.91%, and ethanol extract can inhibit α-glucosidase activity up to 89.33%. Acarbose as positive control can inhibit 93.84% of α-glucosidase activity.
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Judul: Query Expansion based on Bilingual Dictionary Using Conditional Probability
Abstrak: Query expansion is a technique that can be used to bridge vocabulary gaps between queries and documents in the collection. With query expansion, user will be helped to formulate queries well so that user will optimize the search result. In this study, the expansion term was resulted from the translation of bilingual dictionary. Subsequently, several terms of expansion were elected based on the closeness of its relationship with the original query. This research showed that conditional probability can be used to select expansion term in bilingual translation method query expansion. The result of 1000 documents was more than 97% relevan document can be retrieved by this system. The more expansion term used, the larger number relevan document was retrieved.
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