Judul: Identifikasi dan Karakterisasi Fragmen DNA Genom yang Terlibat dalam Biosintesis Antifungi pada Bacillus sp
Abstrak: Bacillus merupakan salah satu genus bakteri yang dikenal sebagai penghasil antifungi. Empat isolat Bacillus asal tanah yaitu Cr 24, Cr 64, Cr 66, dan Cr 68 yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini memiliki karakter pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman dan mampu menghambat pertumbuhan fungi patogen Fusarium oxysporum dan/atau Rhizoctonia solani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengkarakterisasi gen penyandi antifungi zwittermicin A, bacilysocin, surfactin, dan iturin A pada Bacillus sp. dengan polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Primer yang digunakan telah dilaporkan sebelumnya dapat mengamplifikasi bagian gen-gen antifungi. Bagian gen resistensi antifungi zwittermicin A (zmaR) berukuran 951 pb dengan kandungan GC sebesar 34,78% berhasil diidentifikasi pada genom Cr 64. Fragmen genom Cr 64 tersebut memiliki homologi dengan gen zmaR (1128 pb) pada Bacillus cereus UW85 dengan tingkat kesamaan 98%. Gen zmaR merupakan bagian dari kelompok gen biosintesis zwittermicin A, sehingga diduga isolat Cr 64 berpotensi memiliki keseluruhan kelompok gen yang menyandikan antifungi zwittermicin A. Fragmen gen penyandi antifungi bacilysocin, surfactin, dan iturin A belum dapat diperoleh dari keempat isolat dengan pasangan primer yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Genom isolat Bacillus yang telah dilaporkan memiliki gen antifungi perlu digunakan sebagai kontrol untuk memastikan ketepatan kondisi PCR.
Keyword: 

Judul: Genetic Diversity of Antifungal-Producing Rhizobacteria of Bacillus sp. Based on Amplified rDNA Restriction Analysis (ARDRA) and 16S rRNA Sequence
Abstrak: Genus Bacillus has indirectly mechanism to induce the growth of soybean plant by growth suppression of pathogen through production of antibiotic. The objective of this research was to analyze the diversity of 22 antifungal-producing rhizobacteria of Bacillus sp. strain Cr isolated from rhizosphere of soybean plant based on 16S rRNA Sequence and Amplified rDNA Restriction Analysis (ARDRA). ARDRA was a tool to measure and analyze the diversity of 22 isolates through digestion of 16S rRNA gene by restriction enzymes i.e. HinfI, HaeIII, and RsaI. Based on this analysis, genetic diversity of 22 Bacillus Cr isolates were classified into eight different groups by ARDRA analysis. Moreover, six isolates selected randomly from each ARDRA group that have strong activity to suppress fungal growth were compared with reference strains based on 16S rRNA partial sequence. The distributions of 22 isolates were genetically diverse on several species of Bacillus sp. such as B. subtilis, B. cereus, and B. fusiformis. Therefore, ARDRA is a reliable technique to analyze genetic diversity of huge bacterial community.
Keyword: 

Judul: The impact of oil fuel price subsidy policy on fiscal and national income performance
Abstrak: The objectives of this study was to analyze the impact of oil fuel price subsidy policy on fiscal and national income performance. A simultaneous equestions econometric model of oil fuel price subsidy was estimated using Two – Stage Least Squares (2SLS) method and SYSLIN procedure for the data set period of 1987-2005. The validation model of the oil fuel price subsidy policy used NEWTON method and SIMNLIN procedure. The government policy to increase oil fuel price subsidy showed that surplus of balance of trade was decreased, and the economic growth was decreased. However, the number of poor people was decreased because the inflation rate was decreased. The government policy to decrease oil fuel price subsidy showed that surplus of balance of trade was increased, fiscal deficit was decreased, and the economic growth was increased. However, the number of poor of people was decreased because inflation rate was decreased and income was increased. As the conclusion, the government policy to decrease oil fuel price subsidy was need to increase the surplus of balance of trade, decrease the deficit fiscal, increase the economic growth, and decrease the number of poor people.
Keyword: