Judul: Aktivitas Mikrob Tanah Sebagai Parameter Kesuburan Tanah Pada Pertanian Organik Dan Konvensional
Abstrak: Aktivitas enzim tanah sebagai salah satu sifat biologi tanah berperan sebagai indikator kesuburan tanah atau berfungsi sebagai pengendali beragam sifat kimia tanah. Percobaan laboratorium yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas mikrob tanah melalui aktivitas enzim-enzim tanah dan hubungannnya dengan jumlah populasi mikrob dan kandungan C-mik serta karakteristik tanah pada pertanian organik dan konvensional telah dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Biologi Tanah, Balittanah Bogor pada bulan Febuari – Juli 2015. Percobaan menggunakan contoh tanah komposit yang diambil pada beberapa komoditas pertanian kedalaman 0-10 cm di Kabupaten Bogor dan Tasikmalaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar C-org, N-total, P-potensial, P-tersedia, Kpotensial, K-tersedia, KTK, dan pH tanah pada pertanian organik lebih tinggi dibandingkan pertanian konvensional. Demikian pula residu pestisida tanah pada pertanian organik lebih baik (trace) daripada pertanian konvensional. Aktivitas enzim dehidrogenase dan selulase pada pertanian organik lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pertanian konvensional. Namun aktivitas enzim urease pada pertanian organik lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan pertanian konvensional. Aktivitas enzim-enzim tanah berkorelasi positif nyata sampai sangat nyata dengan jumlah populasi mikrob, kadar C-mik, dan karakteristik tanah, antara lain: C-org, N-total, P-potensial, P-tersedia, K-potensial, K-tersedia, KTK, dan pH tanah, sedangkan dengan kadar liat tanah berkorelasi negatif sangat nyata.
Keyword: aktivitas mikrob tanah, aktivitas enzim tanah, parameter kesuburan tanah, pertanian konvensional, pertanian organik

Judul: Analysis of the distribution of soil organic-C in PT Perkebunan Buah Subang
Abstrak: Lahan pertanian yang digunakan secara terus-menerus dapat menurunkan kesuburan tanah. Salah satu indikator kesuburan tanah adalah bahan organik tanah. Pengukuran kadar bahan organik dapat ditentukan dengan menganalisis kandungan C-organik tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari sebaran kandungan Corganik dalam tanah di PT Perkebunan Buah Subang dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya, meliputi kondisi lingkungan dan karakteristik tanah. Pengambilan contoh tanah dilakukan secara komposit dengan memperhatikan perbedaan kemiringan lereng dan tipe penggunaan lahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kandungan C-organik tertinggi yaitu 3.13% terdapat pada penggunaan lahan hutan bambu, kemiringan 30–45% sedangkan kadar C-organik terendah yaitu 1.36% terdapat pada lahan terbuka, kemiringan 30-45%. Nilai pH tanah di lokasi penelitian termasuk sangat masam sampai agak masam (3.4 – 5.69), nilai KTK tanah sangat rendah sampai rendah (3.81 me/100 g –16.4 me/100 g). Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan bahwa tipe penggunaan lahan memiliki korelasi kuat dengan C-organik tanah dengan nilai konstanta korelasi 0.729 . Selanjutnya, dengan menggunakan analisis regresi berganda diperoleh hasil bahwa tipe penggunaan lahan dan lereng memiliki keterkaitan dengan kandungan C organik tanah dengan nilai konstanta masing-masing adalah 0.119 dan 0.015., Agricultural land used continuously can reduce soil fertility. One of the indicators of soil fertility is soil organic matter. Organic matter content is measured by analyzing the soil organic-C content. The objective of this study was to determine the distribution of soil organic-C content in PT. Perkebunan Buah Subang and the factors that affect it, including environmental conditions and soil characteristics. Soil sampling was carried out in a composite with notice the differences in slope and land use types. The results showed that the highest organic- C content was 3.13% in bamboo forest land use, a slope of 30-45%, while the lowest organic-C content was 1.36% in bare land, a slope of 30-45%. Soil pH values at the research location were very acid to slightly acid (3.4 - 5.69), the soil cation exchange capacity values were very low to low (3.81 me/100 g – 16.4 me /100 g). The correlation test showed that the land use type had a strong correlation with soil organic-C, with a constant correlation value of 0.729. Furthermore, using multiple regression analysis, the result is that the land use type and slope were related to soil organic-C content with constant values of 0.119 and 0.015.
Keyword: correlation test, organic-C, multiple regression test, land use type

Judul: The Construction of Greedy SVP LLL Algorithm
Abstrak: A lattice is a set of all integer linear combination of a set of linearly independent vectors in ℝ𝑛���. The independent vectors are called bases of lattice. Any lattice can be generated from many bases, and these bases have the same cardinality. In the lattice, the most fundamental and renowned problem is the Shortest Vector Problem (SVP). SVP is a tracking problem of the shortest nonzero vector in a lattice with equivalent bases. In two dimensions, SVP problem has resolved exactly by Gauss’ algorithm. When the lattice dimension is higher than two, A.K. Lenstra, H.W. Lenstra and L. Lovasz gave a LLL algorithm to compute approximation of nonzero shortest vector in the lattice. Reduced bases solution obtained from LLL algorithm still be an approximation and has polynomial running time of arbitrary dimension which large enough. In 1994, Schnoor and Euchner modified this LLL algorithm as a new variant which later was named deep insertion LLL algorithm. This algorithm is a modified version of the LLL algorithm to the terms of the exchange step to improve the accuracy of output of LLL reduced bases and applying it to the subset sum problem. The purpose of this research are: (1) Reconstruct the LLL algorithm and deep insertion LLL algorithm using a geometric approach. (2) Construct a greedy SVP LLL algorithm. (3) Implement the three algorithms in a symbolic programming language, and evaluate them experimentally. A bases ℬ=[𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑛���] in ℝ𝑚��� is called reduced LLL with parameter 𝛿��� if satisfies: (a) |𝜇���𝑗���𝑖���|≤12, for every integer 𝑖���,𝑗��� with 1≤𝑖���<𝑗���<𝑛���. (b)𝛿���‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���)‖2≤‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���+1)‖2, for 𝑗���=1,2,…,𝑛���−1,where 𝛿��� is a reduced parameter of real numbers with 14<𝛿���<1. The first requirement is the reduced basis 𝛿��� must “nearly orthogonal” and in its computation case, this requirement can be reached out by using the Gram-Schmidt’s orthogonalization. While the second requirement is called exchange step, or used to called as Lovasz condition. By using both of these requirements, then they establish the LLL algorithm. Then, Schnoor and Euchner modify the LLL algorithm based on the requirements of the exchange step called the deep insertion LLL algorithm, where the exchange step is based on the comparison of the projected vector in orthogonal complement [𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑘���−1]⊥ after j-th reduction. To construct greedy SVP LLL algorithm, the requirements of the exchange step is based on purely by comparing norm of lattice 𝐛���𝑗��� with norm lattice 𝐛���𝑖��� for 𝑖���=1,2,3…,𝑗���−1. The process of insertion reduced vector after the exchange step also has done greedily. Then, we calculate the number of arithmetic operation in greedy SVP LLL algorithm for further analysis. The result of our exprimentation for three algorithms on the certain matrix size shows that the running time of the three algorithms increases propotional to the size of the matrix. The result also shows that by using 𝛿���=34 for the LLL algorithm and the deep insertion LLL algorithm, and the greedy SVP LLL algorithm which is a new variant made by using no parameter of 𝛿���, outperform of the other of two previous algorithm in terms of speed with the same output.
Keyword: LLL algorithm, LLL deep insertion algorithm, greedy SVP LLL algorithm