Judul: Study work time and productivity of avanza assembly process at trimming 0 PT. Toyota Motor Manufacturing Indonesia
Abstrak: Assessment of work time and productivity should be done routinely by a company. One of the aims is to monitor whether the standard work time can still be used or need adjustment. This is important since PT. Toyota Motor Manufacturing Indonesia, the Indonesia's largest automotive company, has a high production target of 150,000 units of vehicles per year. Assessment of work time begins with the measurement of actual work time. From the measurement of actual working time, normal time and standard time for each activities were then caculated. Afterward, the utilization rate of time and productivity were calculated from the existing standard time and from the calculated standard time. In measurement of work time for preparations of RR Axle Avanza in Trimming 0 activities, Assembly Production Department in Karawang Plant, it was found that the operator had a 71 seconds lack time from 15 activities, while having 202 seconds remaining time from 22 activities. The utilization rate the existing standard time was 73,53% and the productivity was 7,27 units/hour. After the calculation of new standard time, it was obtained that the utilization rate was 87,3% and the productivity was 8,63 unit/hour with 53 seconds unutilized time and no lack time. This shows that the new standard time can be used as a guidance for preparations of RR Axle Avanza activities.
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Judul: Time Study of Toolbox Production at PT Rafindo Raya Bogor, Indonesia.
Abstrak: Perkembangan teknologi harus diimbangi dengan perkembangan sistem kerja agar teknologi yang digunakan efektif dan efisien. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan analisa tentang sistem kerja dengan pendekatan ergonomi berupa studi waktu untuk mengevaluasi sistem kerja agar efektif dan efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan rekomendasi perbaikan sistem kerja pada bagian produksi toolbox dari analisa elemen kerja dan waktu baku dari setiap proses yang ada dalam kegiatan produksi toolbox. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara langsung menggunakan kamera video. Pengolahan data dilakukan setelah adanya uji kecukupan dan keseragaman data. Pendekatan ergonomika berupa faktor penyesuaian dan kelonggaran bagi pekerja digunakan untuk mendapatkan waktu baku. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 288 elemen kerja dari kegiatan produksi toolbox mulai dari proses cutting hingga packaging dan masih ada perbaikan yang bisa dilakukan oleh perusahaan untuk meningkatkan efektifitas dan efisiensi kerja. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai acuan bagi lini produksi lainnya di PT Rafindo Raya. Kata kunci: Sistem kerja, studi waktu, produksi toolbox, Development of technology must be balanced with the development of work system that make technology effective and efficient. Therefore, the analysis of work system with an ergonomical approach in the form of time study to evaluate the work system in order to effective and efficient. The objectives of this research is to provide recommendations for improving the work system in toolbox production from the analysis of work elements and standard time of each process in toolbox production. Data were collected directly by using a video camera. Data processing is carried out after testing the adequacy and uniformity of the data. Ergonomical approach be in the form of adjustment factors and allowances for workers is used to obtain the standard time. The results showed that there were 288 work elements of toolbox production starting from cutting process to packaging process and there are still improvements that can be made by the company to increase work effectiveness and efficiency. The results of this study can be used as a reference for other production lines at PT Rafindo Raya. Keywords: Time Study, toolbox production, work system
Keyword: Sistem kerja, Studi waktu, Produksi toolbox

Judul: Gambaran darah ikan mas Cyprinus carpio yang terinfeksi koi herpes virus
Abstrak: Iak memiliki sistem pertahanan tubuh untuk melawan berbagai macam penyakit. Pertahanan tubuh ikan terbagi 2 sistem yaitu pertahanan non-spesifik yang terdiri atas kulit, sisik, lendir dan darah dan pertahanan spesifik yaitu antibodi. Darah adalah cairan tubuh, yang berfungsi mengangkut oksigen, makanan dan hormon ke seluruh jaringan agar semua sel dapat berjalan sesuai fungsinya.
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