Judul: Representasi Sosial Tentang Kota pada Komunitas Miskin di Perkotaan (Kasus: Sebuah Komunitas Miskin di Wilayah Kelurahan Kebayoran Lama Selatan, Kecamatan Kebayoran Lama, Jakarta Selatan, Provinsi DKI Jakarta)
Abstrak: Indonesia is a developing country which has focused on development. However, the development and acceleration of economic growth that occurred in Indonesia has not been evenly distributed in every province. This gives rise to a phenomenon of population movement (migration) occurring in rural communities who migrate to urban areas which eventually give rise to a phenomenon of urban poverty. The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of poor communities in urban areas and to identify social representations about the city on poor communities in urban areas. The study was held in RT 004 RW 011, Kelurahan Kebayoran Lama Selatan, Kecamatan Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta, DKI Jakarta Province. The number of respondents is 40 local poor peoples who elected by incidental sampling. Data collected through questionnaires and in-depth interviews with respondents and informants. The characteristics of poor communities are generally aged between under 25 to more than 54 years old, the majority of respondents are women, and generally work in the informal sector. The level of education of respondents are elementary school level (SD) or equivalent to high school level (high school) or equivalent. The income that can be obtained by poor communities were Rp. 100.000.00 up to Rp.1.500.000.00 per month. Overall poor communities did rural-urban migration between 1970 until 2010. The reason was to find a job, looking for experience, come to join her parents and husband, and generally they spent a time in a location was between 1 to 30 years. The frequency of returning home is zero to more than 4 times in the past year. Most of them do not choose the location as the first residence in the city. There are 4 kinds of type of social representations about the city and the poor. The dominant type of social representations about city is type a place to earn money. Beside that, the dominant type of social representations about the poor is underprivileged person.
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Judul: Strategi nafkah rumamhtangga miskin perkotaan (studi kasus kampung sawah,Kelurahan Semper Timur, Kecamatan Cilincing, Jakarta Utara)
Abstrak: Pengkajian mengenai masalah-masalah sosial, ekonomi, ekologi perkotaan, khususnya masalah kemiskinan perkotaan, menjadi penting karena kedudukan kota-kota dalam masyarakat negara tersusun dalam suatu jaringan yang bertingkat-tingkat dan merupakan pusat-pusat penguasaan atau pendominasian nbagi pengaturan kesejahteraan, kehidupan warga masyarakat negara. Sisitem pendominasian yang berpusat di kota tersebut tidak hanya melibatkan aspek-aspek ekonomi, sosial dan komunikasi, serta kebudayaan, karena dalam kenyataan sosial yang ada di masyarakat, manusia cenderung untuk berorientasi ke kota, atau dengan kata lain, orang desalah yang berorientasi ke kota dan bukan orang kota yang berorientasi ke desa. Karena adanya kecenderungan orientasi pada kota, kota cenderung untuk tumbuh terus dan menjadi semakin kompleks karena kota mempunyai potensi atau kemampuan untuk menampung pendatang-pendatang abru dari pedesaan ataupun dari kota dan tempat lainnya.
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Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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