Judul: Deteksi pembukaan hutan menggunakan citra satelit multi waktu di wilayah kerja PT. Intracawood MFG, Kalimantan Timur
Abstrak: Indonesia sangat kaya akan sumber daya hutan yang sangat potensial sebagai sumber devisa negara. Dalam rangka pemanfaatannya, dilakukan penebangan hutan. Kegiatan penebangan yang telah dilakukan menyebabkan areal hutan Indonesia menurun rata-rata 3,4 juta hektar per tahun dan mengalami kerusakan seluas 32 juta hektar. Untuk menghindari laju eksploitasi yang semakin cepat dan terjadinya kerusakan hutan yang lebih luas, perlu dilakukan pemantauan secara periodik. Pemantauan secara periodik menggunakan citra satelit Landsat TM dimungkinkan karena perekaman data TM dilakukan berulang-ulang pada lokasi yang sama dengan interval waktu yang relatif singkat (16 hari). Untuk menambah informasi. data hasil pengolahan citra satelit dapat digabungkan dengan data dan peta lain dalam format Sistem Informasi Geografi (SIG), Bahan-bahan yang digunakan terdiri dari data dijital citra satelit Landsat TM perekaman tanggal 20 April 1991, 7 Agustus 1996, 22 Mei 1997 dan 9 September 1999, data dijital vector berupa jalan, sungai, peta batas RKL, dan peta batas HPH serta data-data lainnya yang terdiri dari peta kerja. LHP, LHC dan RKPH. Sedangkan alat yang digunakan adalah seperangkat komputer dengan software ER MAPPER, ARC INFO dan ARC VIEW. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode klasifikasi terpisah (Independent Classification Method), yang terdiri dari 3 tahapan utama yaitu interpretasi visual citra satelit menggunakan kombinasi 541. 542, 543, 741, 432 dan 321, analisis dijital citra satelit dengan metode kemungkinan maksimum (maximum likelihood) dan spatial analysis menggunakan sarana Sistem Informasi Geografi. Dari hasil analisis dijital diperoleh balıwa karakteristik reflektansi tiap kelas penutupan hutan dan lahan pada ketiga citra umumnya sama. Untuk kelas hutan, Logged Over Forest memiliki nilai reflektansi tertinggi dan diikuti kelas hutan potensi 2 (60 m³/ha 120m³/ha) dan hutan potensi 1 (120m³/ha). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi potensi hutan maka nilai reflektansinya semakin rendah dan sebaliknya. Pembukaan hutan berupa jalan hutan (tanah kosong I dan tanah kosong 2) memiliki nilai reflektansi paling tinggi dibandingkan penutupan lainnya pada semua band (kecuali band 4). Hal ini terjadi akibat tidak adanya vegetasi sebagai naungan sehingga radiasi yang sampai tidak diserap tapi dipantulkan kembali. Sedangkan pada band 4 nilai reflektansinya rendah karena band 4 merupakan saluran puncak pantulan vegetasi....
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Judul: Identifikasi Perubahan Tutupan Lahan Menggunakan Citra Landsat Multiwaktu dan Teknologi Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) di IUPHHK-HA PT. Austral Byna Kalimantan Tengah
Abstrak: The utilization of forest by Forest Concessions (HPH) or now known as The Forest Utilization License Timber-Forest Nature (IUPHHK-HA) brings many benefits but it also brings a downside for the Indonesian forestry. This activity has increased economic and regional development, but also lead to greater rates of deforestation and forest degradation as well. In general degradation that occurs in production forests result in damage or reduction of productive forest area to total forest area that will affect productivity. The negative impact of deforestation and degradation can be minimized through the efforts of a fast and efficient monitoring using remote sensing. Digital imagery or remote sensing data is one of the data to analyze the surface of the earth. Ministry of Forestry using Landsat imagery as one tool in monitoring the condition of Indonesia's forests. Landsat multi-time combined with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) facilitate the monitoring process. Both long-term monitoring and short-term monitoring can be controlled so that the rate of deforestation. This study aims to identify land cover classes as well as changes in the PT. Austral Byna in 1997, 2005 and 2012, and calculate the rate of degradation and reforestation arising from the use of forests in the periode of observations. The experiment was conducted in two phases, field phase in April-May 2012 in PT. Austral Byna, and image processing in June to November 2012 in the Laboratory of Remote Sensing and GIS Department of Forest Management Fahutan IPB. The data used are Landsat TM and ETM+ 30 m resolution coverage in 1997, 2005 and 2012 as well as other supporting digital maps. The tools used in the form of PC with the software ArcView 3.2, ArcGIS 9.1, Erdas 9.1, GPS, Camera and stationery. The result showed that successfully classified land cover both digital and visual consists of forests, fields, bushes, farm, vacant land and clouds. Degradation of the highest in 1997, 2005 and 2012 occurred in the class turned into a forest shrubs. While reforestation occurred in the highest class of the field and forest shrubs that turned into a forest.
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Judul: Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan Composite Coating on Stainless Steel 316 to Improve Corrosion Resistance
Abstrak: Metals that were used in bone implantation should have good corrosion resistance that were not easily corroded when implanted into the body. Metal corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316 can be enhanced through the metal coating by hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite with composition ratio of hydroxyapatite (gram) and chitosan 3% (mL) 0.2:0, 0.2:0.1, 0.2:0.5, 0.2:1.0, and 0.2:1.5. Besides improving the corrosion resistance of metal, the presence of chitosan also maintain the position of hydroxyapatite on metal surfaces. Corrosion resistance increases with increasing amount of chitosan added and the best composition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite was 0.2:1.0.
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