Judul: Nilai pH Daging Sapi Brahman Cross yang Dipingsankan Sebelum Penyembelihan
Abstrak: Measurement of meat pH value was important to determine meat quality. The objective of this study was to observe meat pH value of Brahman Cross stunned before slaughtering using non-penetrating captive bolt stun gun with two different type. A total 10 steers stunned by Cash Magnum Knocker type and 10 steers stunned by pneumatic type were studied. The pH value of the samples was measured at 1, 24, and 36 hours (h) after slaughtering. The result of study showed that the ultimate pH value (36 h after slaughtering) of meat samples stunned by pneumatic type lower (5.76±0.23) than meat samples stunned by Cash Magnum Knocker type (6.07±0.19). The difference between the both treatments was statistically significant (p<0.05). Meat samples stunned by pneumatic type had higher quality than meat samples stunned by Cash Magnum Knocker type.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), stunning, pH value, meat quality, Brahman Cross

Judul: Penggunaan Restraining Box Dalam Pemotongan Sapi Di RPH Dan Karakteristik Fisik Daging:
Abstrak: This study is aimed to observe the differences of meat quality especially the pH, cooking loss and drip loss, and meat tenderness changes of postmortem beef meat slaughtered with and without using of restraining box. Restraining box is an equipment to fix or restrain cattle before slaughtering in order to lay down and handle the cattle safely. This study used 60 beef meat samples (30 samples of restraining and 30 samples of non-restraining) from the slaughterhouse of Bogor City and Bogor District. This research used the Musculus gluteus medius of Brahman Cross . The pH value of the samples was measured at 1, 6, 8, and 10 hours (h) after slaughtering. The water holding capacity was examined through cooking loss and drip loss which were conducted three times at 6, 8, and 10 hours postmortem and the meat tenderness was measured with Warner Bratzler shear force (WBSF). The result of study showed that the pH value of the both treatments.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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