Judul: Keragaman Genetik Padi Warna (Oryza sativa L.) berdasarkan Karakter Morfo-agronomis dan Penanda SSR
Abstrak: Karakter morfo-agronomis dan penanda SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) digunakan untuk mempelajari keragaman genetik padi warna lokal Indonesia. Dari data karakter morfo-agronomis dan penanda SSR dilakukan analisis asosiasi untuk mendeteksi penanda SSR yang diduga potensial berasosiasi signifikan dengan karakter morfo-agronomis padi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh informasi keragaman genetik 93 aksesi padi warna lokal berdasarkan karakter morfo-agronomis dan penanda SSR, serta memperoleh informasi penanda SSR yang berasosiasi signifikan dengan karakter morfo-agronomis padi. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Agustus 2020 hingga bulan Januari 2021 di rumah kaca Cikemeuh, BB Biogen, Bogor dan di Laboratorium Biologi Molekuler BB Biogen, Bogor. Materi genetik yang digunakan berjumlah 93 aksesi padi warna lokal Indonesia. Percobaan disusun berdasarkan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) faktor tunggal dengan 93 aksesi padi yang masing-masing diulang sebanyak tiga ulangan. Pengamatan karakter morfo-agronomis dilakukan berdasarkan panduan Sistem Karakterisasi dan Evaluasi Tanaman Padi dan Panduan Pelaksanaan Uji (PPU) BUSS PPVTPP untuk tanaman padi. Analisis molekuler berdasarkan penanda SSR dilakukan menggunakan 24 penanda SSR yang tersebar dalam 12 kromosom. Data dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak SAS, PBSTAT-CL, Gel Analyzer, PowerMarker, DARwin, Structure, dan TASSEL. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan, terdapat keragaman yang cukup luas pada karakter morfo-agronomis padi warna lokal Indonesia, meliputi karakter kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Pada seluruh karakter kuantitatif, hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa genotipe berpengaruh sangat nyata pada taraf 1%. Pada karakter kualitatif, terdapat variasi yang lengkap menurut deskriptor tanaman padi untuk karakter warna telinga daun, warna pelepah daun, permukaan daun, sudut daun bendera, sudut batang, ketegaran batang, tipe malai, tipe cabang malai sekunder, keluarnya malai, kerontokan, dan warna antosianin pada jalur sekam. Sementara itu, untuk analisis pengelompokan berdasarkan karakter morfo-agronomis menghasilkan tiga kelompok utama. Keragaman berdasarkan karakteristik 24 penanda SSR menunjukkan 16 penanda SSR yang digunakan bersifat sangat informatif dan bermanfaat untuk membedakan genotipe padi. Berdasarkan penanda SSR, rata-rata jumlah alel, frekuensi alel mayor, keragaman gen, heterozigositas, dan nilai PIC berturut-turut adalah 8,91, 0,34, 0,77, 0,02, dan 0,73. Hasil analisis pengelompokan berdasarkan penanda SSR menghasilkan tiga kelompok utama, hasil tersebut didukung dengan hasil analisis struktur populasi yang menggambarkan perkiraan keanggotaan setiap aksesi menjadi dua kelompok utama dan satu kelompok campuran. Hasil analisis asosiasi karakter morfo-agronomis dan penanda SSR adalah terdapat 14 dari 24 penanda SSR berasosiasi pada nilai p<0,001.
Keyword: bank gen pertanian, padi warna, keragaman genetik, bank gen pertanian, padi warna, keragaman genetik

Judul: Analisis Sidik Jari DNA Padi Beras Merah, Padi Aromatik, dan Padi Genjah
Abstrak: Rice is one of major crops comodities with a high fenotype diversity. It can be divided into 3 cluster, red rice, aromatic rice, and genjah rice. The differences between those cluster, can be seen from fenotype and genotype of each variety using molecular markers based on gene. The objective of this research is to identify the specific character of red rice, aromatic rice, and genjah rice and the genetic diversity using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) molecular markers. Material genetic from rice was isolated using isolation DNA standard method, break the cell wall, expel parts of the cell, and precipitate the DNA parts (Sambrook method), and then the isolate was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification procedure. Subsequently, analysis by association, evolution, and linkage (TASSEL) software was used for data processing. Genetic variation is based on the result of DNA amplification using PCR process from rice variety used. The results of this research showed the variation of DNA bands from 100 bp until 350 bp of red rice, aromatic rice, and genjah rice varies, also there is association between fenotype and genotype of variety in cluster. TASSEL was used to obtain description of variety and produced a dendrogram that show us the variety type of those variety, also which variety and markers has a significant result in amplification procedure.
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Judul: Dynamic New Keynesian Model for Unemployment and Inflation Rate.
Abstrak: This paper deals with a scientific analysis of the equilibrium level of hiring, employment and unemployment. The basic model being used is a standard new Keynesian model, which states that utility function depends on consumptions and working hours. Utility maximization refers to a standard labour supply equation, with the marginal cost’s dynamics on new Keynesian model simply reflects movements in real wages and productivity. Furthermore, trade-off between output and inflation stabilization can be considered using the new Keynesian Phillips curve. Dynamic general equilibrium model is a model that can be used to study interactions between market imperfections and nominal rigidities, which is capable of overcoming the main shortcoming of the standard new Keynesian model. In the general equilibrium model there are three groups of the economy agents, namely households, firms and monetary authority. The results of this research science that bargaining processes between firms and workers will yield optimal wage. Increase in labour will cause wages to fall, but the unemployment rate can be reduced. An increase in the firm’s monopoly power will shift the labour demand curve downward, which will reduce the number of workers that firm is willing to hire for any given bargained wage.
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