Judul: Dampak Fasilitasi Perdagangan Terhadap Kinerja Ekspor Manufaktur Indonesia Pada Mitra Dagang Utama
Abstrak: Penelitian ini menganalisa dampak dari fasilitasi perdagangan pada kinerja ekspor manufaktur Indonesia. Data spesifik dari masing-masing negara baik Indonesia dan tigapuluh mitra dagang utama dari manufaktur komoditi selama periode 2010 hingga 2014 digunakan dalam membangun indikator fasilitasi perdagangan, termasuk langkah-langkah dalam lingkungan kepabeanan dan regulasi, efisiensi pelabuhan, dan infrastruktur di sektor jasa. Hubungan antara kinerja ekspor Indonesia dan indikator tersebut kemudian di estimasi menggunakan model gravitasi dengan data panel yang meliputi tarif dan variabel ekonomi lainnya. Hasil analisa menunjukan bukti bahwa peningkatan lingkungan kepabeanan dari Indonesia dan mitra dagang utama nya akan berpengaruh besar dan positif terhadap kinerja ekspor manufaktur Indonesia, sementara lingkungan regulasi di Indonesia mengurangi arus perdagangan. Peningkatan kerjasama perdagangan dengan negara-negara ASEAN akan secara signifikan meningkatkan kinerja ekspor manufaktur Indonesia. Implikasi kebijakan yang dapat disarankan adalah dengan memprioritaskan upaya dalam lingkungan kepabeanan Indonesia dan mitra dagang, melalui peningkatan efisiensi waktu dan biaya yang diperlukan dalam melakukan perdagangan. Selain itu, meningkatkan kerjasama perdagangan dalam kawasan ASEAN akan dapat meningkatkan kinerja ekspor Indonesia.
Keyword: Fasilitasi perdagangan, manufaktur, gravity model, ASEAN

Judul: Analysis of Inefficiency and Determinants of Indonesia's Manufacturing Sector Exports to Several ASEAN Countries
Abstrak: Pertumbuhan ekonomi di wilayah ASEAN didorong oleh peran penting perdagangan internasional. Adanya Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN (MEA) menandai babak baru yang meningkatkan daya saing dan pertumbuhan ekonomi di kawasan ASEAN. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan pangsa pasar ekspor manufaktur terbesar di kawasan ASEAN. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efisiensi ekspor dan determinan ekspor serta inefisiensi ekspor lima komoditas manufaktur Indonesia sebelum dan sesudah kesepakatan MEA. Metode yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah stochastic frontier gravity model dan data yang digunakan berupa data panel nilai ekspor Indonesia ke lima negara mitra dagang pada periode 2003-2022. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa GDP riil Indonesia dan jarak ekonomi memiliki pengaruh negatif yang signifikan terhadap ekspor manufaktur Indonesia, sementara GDP riil mitra memiliki pengaruh positif yang signifikan. Secara umum, variabel trade openness berdampak negatif dan signifikan terhadap inefisiensi ekspor manufaktur Indonesia, sementara dummy MEA berdampak positif dan signifikan. Selama periode penelitian, efisiensi ekspor manufaktur mengalami penurunan. Mitra dagang seperti Malaysia, Filipina, Thailand, dan Vietnam memiliki efisiensi di atas rata-rata ASEAN, sedangkan Singapura memiliki nilai efisiensi di bawah rata-rata ASEAN., The economic growth in the ASEAN region is driven by the crucial role of international trade. Establishing the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) marks a new phase that enhances competitiveness and economic growth in the ASEAN region. Indonesia is one of the countries with the largest market share for manufacturing exports in the ASEAN region. This research aims to analyze the export efficiency, determinants of exports, and export inefficiency of five major Indonesian manufacturing commodities before and after the AEC agreement. The research methodology employed a stochastic frontier gravity model, utilizing panel data of Indonesia's export values to five trading partner countries during the period of 2003-2022. The analysis results indicate that Indonesian’s real GDP and economic distance variable exhibit significant negative impacts on Indonesian manufacturing exports, while the real GDP of trading partners shows a significant positive impact. During the research period, the efficiency of manufacturing exports declined. Trading partners such as Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam exhibited efficiency above the ASEAN average, whereas Singapore had efficiency below the ASEAN average.
Keyword: efisiensi, inefisiensi, ASEAN, MEA, stochastic frontier gravity model

Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell