Judul: The Activity of Cavendish Banana Infusion as Antidiarrheal in Mice (Mus musculus)
Abstrak: Traditional plant medicine has been used by the Indonesian community in treating diarrhea. Unripe Cavendish banana is one of the traditional plants believed to be effective in treating diarrhea, as it contains tannins, flavonoids, saponins, and pectin. This study investigated the antidiarrheal effect of Cavendish banana infusion in mice (Mus musculus). A total of 25 mice were divided into five groups: negative control, positive control, 100%, 75%, and 50% concentration of Cavendish banana infusion. Two methods were used: the intestinal protection method and the intestinal transit method. In the intestinal protection method, mice were given different treatments orally according to their groups and observed for four hours. The parameters are fecal frequency and consistency. In the intestinal transit method, mice were treated according to their groups and their intestines were analyzed for the ratio of the marker path length. ANOVA one-way and Tukey tests were used to analyze the data. The 50% and 75% concentrations of unripe Cavendish banana infusion have an effect as an antidiarrheal drug. The 50% concentration of Cavendish banana infusion showed the best antidiarrheal effect among the three groups of different concentrations of Cavendish banana infusion., Pengobatan tradisional dengan menggunakan tanaman telah digunakan oleh masyarakat Indonesia dalam mengobati diare. Pisang Cavendish yang belum matang adalah salah satu tanaman tradisional yang dipercaya efektif dalam mengobati diare, karena mengandung tannin, flavonoid, saponin, dan pektin. Penelitian ini meneliti efek antidiare dari infusa pisang Cavendish pada mencit (Mus musculus). Sebanyak 25 mencit dibagi menjadi lima kelompok: kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, 100%, 75%, dan 50% konsentrasi infusa pisang Cavendish. Dua metode digunakan: metode proteksi intestinal dan metode transit intestinal. Pada metode proteksi intestinal, mencit diberi perlakuan secara oral sesuai dengan kelompoknya dan diamati selama empat jam. Parameter yang diukur adalah frekuensi dan konsistensi feses. Pada metode transit intestinal, mencit diberi perlakuan sesuai dengan kelompoknya dan usus mereka dianalisis untuk rasio panjang jalur penanda. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) one way test dan uji Tukey digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Konsentrasi infusa pisang Cavendish 50% dan 75% memiliki efek sebagai obat antidiare. Konsentrasi 50% dari infusa pisang Cavendish menunjukkan efek antidiare terbaik di antara tiga kelompok konsentrasi infusa pisang Cavendish yang lain.
Keyword: antidiarrheal, Cavendish banana, infusion, antidiare, pisang Cavendish, infusa

Judul: The Effectiveness of Ambon Banana (Musa paradisiaca) Simplicia As Antidiarrheal In Mice (Mus musculus).
Abstrak: Pisang merupakan salah satu tanaman alternatif yang digunakan oleh masyarakat sebagai antidiare, termasuk pisang ambon. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui adanya aktivitas antidiare dari pisang ambon (Musa paradisiaca) pada hewan mencit (Mus musculus), serta mengetahui dosis terbaik simplisia buah pisang ambon yang memiliki efikasi sebagai antidiare. Pengujian efek antidiare dilakukan dengan metode proteksi intestinal dan metode transit intestinal. Parameter yang diamati meliputi frekuensi defekasi, konsistensi feses, awal terjadi diare setiap 30 menit selama 4 jam, dan panjang marker pada usus mencit. Kelompok akuades sebanyak 0,5 mL sebagai kontrol negatif dengan hasil rataan frekuensi diare 2,60 dan lintasan marker 62,70%, kelompok loperamide HCl sebagai kontrol positif sebanyak 0,26 mg/kg BB rataan frekuensi 1,80 dan lintasan marker 52,50%, kelompok simplisia pisang ambon dosis 20 mg/kg BB hasil frekuensi rataan 3,00 dan lintasan marker 71,50%, kelompok simplisia pisang ambon dosis 40 mg/kg BB rataan frekuensi 2,80 dan lintasan marker 68,50%, dan kelompok simplisia pisang ambon dosis 80 mg/kg BB hasil rataan 2,00 dengan lintasan marker 58,25%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa simplisia buah pisang ambon memiliki efektivitas sebagai antidiare. Dosis 80 mg/kg BB menunjukkan efek terbaik pada pengujian dengan metode proteksi intestinal dan metode transit intestinal., Banana is one of the alternative plants used by the community as an antidiarrheal, including ambon banana. The purpose of this study to determine the antidiarrheal activity of ambon banana (Musa paradisiaca) in mice (Mus musculus), and to determine the best dose of ambon banana simplicia which has efficacy as antidiarrheal. The antidiarrheal effect was tested by intestinal protection method and intestinal transit method. The parameters was observed frequency of defecation, stool consistency, when diarrhea begin every 30 minutes for 4 hours, and the length of the marker in the intestine of mice. Aquadest group of 0.5 mL as a negative control with an average diarrhea frequency of 2.60 and a marker trajectory of 62.70%, the loperamide HCl group as a positive control was 0.26 mg / kg BB average frequency 1.80 and trajectory marker 52.50%, group simplicia banana ambon dose 20 mg / kg BW average frequency results 3.00 and trajectory marker 71.50%, ambon banana simplicia group dose 40 mg/kg BW average frequency 2.80 and trajectory marker 68.50%, and ambon banana simplicia group dose 80 mg/kg BW averaged 2.00 with marker trajectory 58.25%. The results showed that the simplicia of Ambon banana had effectiveness as an antidiarrheal. The dose of 80 mg/kg BW showed the best effect in testing with intestinal protection method and intestinal transit method.
Keyword: ambon banana, antidiarrheal, intestinal protection, intestinal transit, mice

Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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