Judul: Ponggawa dan patronase pertambakan di Delta Mahakam: teori pembentukan ekonomi lokal
Abstrak: The failure of forest management systems in the Third World has led to deterioration of forests and creates poverty enclaves in the villages surroiusly the forest. In this regard, the activities of aquaculture in the Mahakam Delta, which converts “Kawasan Budidaya Kehutanan”, is very interesting to observe because it is likely transform in to aquaculture capitalism. This research aims to reveal historically and contextually, the control of the mangrove forest by Bugis migrants and its effects on the process of a local economic in the Mahakam Delta. This study will use qualitative approach for data collection analysis consist of firstly, an analysis of data from participant observation, in-depth interviews and life history studies. Secondly, analysis of historical data and texts about past event or related to contemporary social phenomena under study. Description of the results of this study, indicates that the formation of local economic occurred as a result of the operation of the fishing industry exports in 1974, which opened the space for the presence of middlemen trader in remove areas that are not able to be handled directly. Among the succeesful local economic are the ponggawa followers, who managed to make extensive efforts to take advantage of the momentum of "excellence at the first opportunity to start", after the trawling banning in 1983. Although the impact on local ecology landscape changes, due to "omission of the state" on Kawasan Budidaya Kehutanan, which become a means of conversion of private aquaculture area. Next they do the "exploitation" through the creation of a monopolistic market structure or monopsonistic,resulting in a pricing mechanism and the provision of goods unilaterally. However, the pattern of aquaculture relationship still leaves reciprocity space inherent in the tradition of “passe’ “, so to reduce the pattern of relationships which ekploitatatif trend. The pattern of patron-client relationship is adaptive as is then able to support the sustainability of capitalism ponds that are full of competition and uncertainty.
Keyword: Fisheries, Penaeus Indicus, Penaeus Merguensis, Ponggawa, Capitalism, Local economic, Social formation, Fishpond patronage

Judul: Social Security System Masyarakat Nelayan (Kasus Masyarakat Nelayan Ujung Kulon, Kabupaten Pandeglang, Banten).
Abstrak: Historically, the transformation of fishing community at Ujung Kulon was started with the opening of isolated coastal area at Ujung Kulon in 1970s and increasingly developed since 1980s. Better transportation and access to and from the area had encouraged the penetration of capitalism and market influence to the society. The penetration of capitalism and market influence had caused significant change in the dimension of culture, institution and economic action. Those changes were related to the change on social security system mechanism in the livelihood of local. In economic cultural dimension, fishing community at Ujung Kulon had undergone change as a result of area opening and the introduction of market economic system. The market brought new goods, lifestyle, information and satisfaction where wealth and consumption were new needs to be fulfilled by the society. Market culture norms include being selfish, maximizing profit and satisfaction, individualism and market complexity had influenced and changed the economic culture of local fishing community. The development of market economic culture was supported by the development of transportation facilities and infrastructures such as television, mobile phone, and internet and so on. Some aspects in economic culture of fishermen were closely related to economic mechanism of the society that undergone change such as orientation for hard work, opinion on and decision making of investment and saving, reciprocity, trust system among economic actors, economic collectivity and solidarity. In the context of change on economic culture of fishing community, it seems that certain aspects in the culture that changed could become the economic motivation needed for the growth of market economic. One of the origin cultural aspects of fishermen which was tendency to work hard was one of economic motivations needed for market economic growth. Fishermen at Ujung Kulon had undergone change on value orientation. The value of hard work that initially was aimed for subsistence fulfillment had changed to pursue wealth and consumption. This change on orientation apparently functioned as the driver of economic wheel in fishery sector. Orientation of hard work was getting stronger when the aim is to pursue wealth and consumption which means to gain glory among the society. The situation would give more motivation to work to gain maximum economic profit. This motivation supported by the increase in self-confidence in investment and saving based on optimism and loss risk could be a driver for economic growth of fishermen. On the other hand, the introduction of market economic culture norm had diluted the mechanism of traditional social security system of local fishing community due to the change in norm system of reciprocity, trust, collectivity and solidarity which was the base of main value of traditional social security system that give social economic security to fishing community. Regarding the institutional change, the penetration of market economic system had brought significant change to patronage institution which was the social security institution and it existence was very significant in fishermen activity. Transformation was occurred in patronage institution of Ujung Kulon fishing community from traditional norm-based patronage (original morality) to market economic norm-based patronage. The implication of change in norm base occurred
Keyword: social security system, cultural, institution, economic action, fishing community

Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
Keyword: