Judul: Evaluasi Keefektifan Formulasi Biopestisida dengan Bahan Aktif Bakteri Endofit dan PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) terhadap penyakit Layu Bakteri pada Tanaman Tomat.
Abstrak: Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum) adalah salah satu tanaman hortikultura yang penting tetapi produksinya baik kuantitas maupun kualitas masih perlu ditingkatkan. Salah satu permasalahan penting dalam produksi tomat adalah penyakit layu bakteri yang disebabkan oleh Ralstonia solanacearum. Salah satu pengendalian layu bakteri yang memungkinkan untuk dikembangkan dan relatif aman adalah pengendalian secara biologi menggunakan agens biokontrol seperti bakteri endofit dan PGPR. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji pengaruh formulasi biopestisida berbahan aktif bakteri endofit Bacillus subtilis AB89, Pseudomonas fluorescens RH4003, dan Staphylococcus epidermidis BC4 sebagai agens hayati dan PGPR dalam mengendalikan penyakit layu bakteri dan penyakit lainnya di lapangan dan meningkatkan produksi tanaman tomat. B. subtilis AB89, P. fluorescens RH4003 dan bakteri endofit S. epidermidis BC4 diformulasikan secara tunggal dengan dua bahan pembawa yaitu talcum powder dan xanthan gum (XG) dalam bentuk formulasi tepung dan formulasi cair. Perlakuan pada tanaman tomat dilakukan di lapangan sedangkan perlakuan benih dilakukan di laboratorium. Aplikasi formulasi biopestisida dilakukan dengan menuangkan 20 ml formulasi di sekitar perakaran tomat setiap 2 minggu sekali selama 4 kali perlakuan. Pertumbuhan tanaman dan kejadian penyakit diamati setiap minggu hingga 4 kali pengamatan. Perlakuan benih dilakukan di laboratorium dengan merendam benih tomat dengan formulasi biopestisida selama 5 jam kemudian ditumbuhkan di atas cawan petri. Pengamatan bobot kering, bobot basah dan panjang akar kecambah dilakukan 2 minggu setelah ditumbuhkan. Rancangan percobaan yang dilakukan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) untuk pengamatan di lapangan, dan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) untuk pengamatan di laboratorium. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis ragam (ANOVA) dengan menggunakan program Statistical Analysis System (SAS) versi 9.0. kemudian diuji lanjut dengan uji Duncan pada taraf α=5%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan formulasi yang memberikan nilai keefektifan penekanan penyakit dan keefektifan pemacuan pertumbuhan relatif paling tinggi adalah formulasi tepung Pseudomonas fluorescens RH4003 dan formulasi cair Bacillus subtilis AB89.
Keyword: Bacillus subtilis AB89, bakteri endofit, Pseudomonas fluorescens RH4003, Staphylococcus epidermidis BC4

Judul: Keefektifan Formulasi Biopestisida Berbahan Aktif Staphylococcus epidermidis BC4 dan Pseudomonas fluorescens RH4003 Untuk Mengendalikan Layu Bakteri pada Tomat
Abstrak: Tomato (Lycopersicumesculentum) is one of the important horticultural commodity unfortunately the production is still low in quantity or quality. One of the important problems for the low productivity is the bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. Some control methods have been developed but the disease still caused damages. One alternative control which can be prospective to be developed is the use of biocontrol agents. Among them the endophytic bacteria and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). The experiment was conducted to evaluate the viability of biocontrol agents, i.e. S.epidermidis BC4 and P. fluorescens RH4003 in the formula during storage and 3 the effectiveness of biopesticides formulation to control the bacterial wilt disease on tomato. Biopesticides were applied to the root during transplanting. Disease incidence and the height of the plant were calculated every week. Population of the bacteria in the formula was calculated at 0, 2, 4, and 8 weeks during storage. P. fluorescens RH4003 in granule formula applied into the soil caused disease suppression index up to 46.15%, which significantly lower compared with control, while S. epidermidis BC4 in liquid formulation with pH 5 caused disease suppression index up to 57.69%. Formula containing both of the bacteria did not affect the height growth of tomato plant. Population of the bacteria in the formula grew well at pH 5, 6, 7 and it was stable until 8 weeks of storage.
Keyword: plant growth promoting rhizobateria, endophytic bacteria, Biopesticide

Judul: Kekonsistenan Hamiltonian pada Gerak Gelombang Interfacial
Abstrak: The interfacial wave is an internal wave that occurs at boundary of two layers fluid. It appears because there is difference of mass density between the two layers. The objective of this thesis is to formulate the motion of internal wave with flat base and flat as well as free upper bound surface. The motion equation obtained is a Hamiltonian system. The Hamiltonian in this system is expressed by variable of wave deviation and horizontal component of potential velocity. Under assumption that interfacial wave moves only in one direction, it can be shown that the Hamiltonian depends on the solution of the wave motion equation. The coefficients of the equation depend on the physical characteristics of the two layers of fluid, i.e. thickness and mass density. The numerical results show that Hamiltonian in the system is constant. It is consistent with Hamiltonian characteristic, which does not depend on time.
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