Judul: Autentikasi Spesies Ikan Soro (Tor soro) Melalui Karakteristik Morfologi dan Genetik di Hulu Sungai Ciliwung, Bogor, Jawa Barat.
Abstrak: Ikan soro (Tor soro) merupakan salah satu jenis ikan yang dilindungi dan dapat ditemukan di bagian hulu sungai Ciliwung. Salah satu upaya untuk mempertahankan keberadaan ikan ini adalah dengan melakukan identifikasi pada spesies ikan soro yang akan bermanfaat bagi pengelolaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji karakteristik morfologi dan genetik ikan soro yang ditemukan di sungai Ciliwung yang berperan dalam penentuan identifikasi spesies. Perbedaan analisis morfologi dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis diskriminan, sedangkan identifikasi secara genetik pada ikan soro dilakukan dengan menggunakan marka gen Cythocrome Oxidase Subunit I (COI). Pada analisis morfologi, karakteristik ikan soro yang ditemukan di sungai Ciliwung dibandingkan dengan karakteristik ikan dewa yang ada di kolam Cibulan, Kuningan. Hasil analisis diskriminan menunjukkan ikan soro yang ditemukan di sungai Ciliwung berasal dari kelompok yang berbeda dengan ikan dewa yang berasal dari kolam Kuningan. Jarak genetik dan konstruksi filogeni ikan soro memiliki kekerabatan yang erat dengan jarak genetik yang rendah.
Keyword: genetik, ikan soro (Tor soro), karakteristik morfologi

Judul: Efektivitas Upaya Konservasi Ikan Tor (Tor soro Valenciennes 1842) di Sungai Ciliwung Bogor dan Kolam Kuningan, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Ikan tor (Tor soro) merupakan ikan air tawar bernilai ekonomis penting yang status konservasinya terancam punah (treathened spesies). Untuk konservasi spesies ini, masyarakat setempat di hulu Sungai Ciliwung dan kolam Kuningan menggunakan pendekatan yang berbeda. Pertama didasarkan pada kesadaran lingkungan, sedangkan kedua didasarkan kearifan lokal sebagai prioritas. Studi - ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efektivitas upaya konservasi ikan tor di kedua wilayah tersebut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari-Juni 2015. Analisis data terdiri atas hubungan panjang-bobot, potensi makanan, indeks similaritas Canberra, analisis stakeholders, dan analisis SWOT. Melalui upaya - konservasi mampu meminimalisir kerusakan habitat dan mendorong tren positif terhadap populasi ikan tor di alam. Pendekatan prioritas di Kuningan lebih efektif daripada di Ciliwung, dikarenakan upaya konservasi ikan tor di Sungai Ciliwung memiliki problema lebih kompleks dan memerlukan strategi pengelolaan intensif…
Keyword: Ikan Tor, Konservasi, Sungai Ciliwung, Kolam Kuningan, Efektivitas, Freswater fish, Environmental awarness, Local wisdom, Food potential, Water quality, SWOT analysis

Judul: The Effects of Variance of Interest rate to Variance of Annuity Future Values
Abstrak: Time value of money is a concept that refers to the difference of the value of money due to time difference. The value of money for present time would not be the same as the value of money in the future. The value of money for present time is called as Present Value (PV) of the money and the value of money for future time is called Future Value (FV) of the money. Determination the value of money, for present and future time, depends on the time and rate of return. The value of money is determined by several factors such as inflation, fluctuation of interest rates, and government policy in securities and taxation. Due to fluctuation of the value of money we need a FV formulation, it is useful for knowing whether an investment can be profitable or not, and this information is useful also in budget analysis. Annuity is defined as a series of payments made for a specific period. The payment, fixed or varied, can be made at the beginning or at the end of the period. Annuity paid at the beginning of the period is called annuity-due and annuity paid at the end of the period is called immediate annuity-certain. The accumulated value of the annuity after few years later is called as a final value or a future value. Burnecki et al. (2003) have discussed about the FV of a fixed-rate annuity in which payments are made according to the arithmetic or geometric series. They have also examined FV for annuities in which payments are made according to arithmetic or geometric series with random rates of interest. This paper examines FV for annuity-due in which payments are made according to arithmetic or geometric series with interest rates as a random variable, which is normal distribution ,  . Future value formula is expressed in recursive form. FV for annuity-due which payments are made according to the arithmetic or geometric series with random rates of interest is calculated by theoretical way and simulation way. The random rates of interest is denoted as k k i  i  , where k i an independent random variable; i is a constant and k  is a random variable which has normal distribution ,  . By using the determined parameters, a sequence of random rates of interest are generated for theoretical calculation. Meanwhile for the simulation, the random rates of interest is generated 1000 times for the simulation. The generated data give mean value, variance, and standard deviation. Moreover, error of mean value, variance, and standard deviation from the theoretical and simulation results are calculated. Error calculation uses Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error (SMAPE). The smaller the value of SMAPE is the more accurate the simulation. The interest rate variances are varied from 0.000036 to 0.0001 to study the relationship between variance of rates of interest and variance of future value. The theoretical and simulation results show that when the variance of random rates of interest increases, then the variance of FV increases linearly. FV of the annuity-due in
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