Judul: Biohydrogen Production by Fermentation of Photosynthetic Bacteria Rhodobium marinum and Sanur Isolate.
Abstrak: Bioenergy is renewable energy and prospective to be developed. It is not only can reduce our dependence of fueloil, but also can increase safety of national stock energy. Biohydroen is a type of bioenergy which used as fuel cell, industry necessity, and nuclear. This research have focus on production of hydrogen gas by photofermentation of Rhodobium marinum and bacteria consortium of Sanur isolate using glucose 1% as a substrate. This photofermentation was done with R. marinum and Sanur isolate were centrifuged (6000 rpm, 20 minutes). Then each pellet was resuspented in 75 ml production medium which containing glucose 1% on 100 ml serum bottles and be seted on bioreactor (120 rpm, 30ºC , TL light 60 watts). The result shown that R. marinum ability to used glucose 1% to produce 127.311 ml hydrogen gas of 205.25 gas completly that produced (62%) with production rate is 3.81 mmolH2h-1L-1medium. Bacteria consortium of Sanur isolate also can produce 103.61 ml hydrogen gas of 165.25 ml gas completly that produced (63%) with production rate is 2.8 mmolH2h-1L-1medium.
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Judul: Produksi biohidrogen oleh bakteri fotosintetik Rhodobium marinum pada pencahayaan berbeda, Biohydrogen Production using Photosynthetic Bacteria Rhodobium marinum by different lighting
Abstrak: Energy demand that increases continuously and various problems are found in using fossil fuels motivates searching reneawable alternative energy. Biohydrogen as a new and renewable energy has a potential in resolving the energy problems. Hydrogen producing microbe is affected by lighting. This study concerns with effective wavelength lighting for hydrogen producing. The aim of this study is to determine effective lighting from UV and visible light (red, yellow, and blue) for maximum biohydrogen production by photosyntetic bacteria Rhodobium marinum. Hydrogen gas from photo fermentation was determined using gas chromatography (GC) with thermal conductivity detector, poropak column, with temperatur of injector, detector, and column were 150, 250, dan 80 ˚C, respectively. Total gas from photo fermentation generated with UV and visible (red, yellow, blue) lighting were 150, 145, 131, dan 95 ml, respectively. GC analysis showed hydrogen content from total gas of UV and visible (red, yellow, blue) lighting are 8.725, 13.565, 5.495, dan 6.905 ml, respectively. Yellow lighting resulted in the highest amount of hydrogen gas among the others. Therefore, the wavelength of yellow lighting is the maximum for R. marinum to produce hydrogen.
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Judul: Kupu-kupu papilionids (Insecta: Lepidoptera) di Sulawei Selatan: diversitas dan morfologi sayap
Abstrak: Kupu-kupu papilionids merupakan kupu-kupu yang memiliki ukuran sayap yang lebar, warna cerah dan terdapat “ekor” di bagian ujung sayap metathotaks. Beberapa spesies kupu-kupu memiliki distribusi yang luas di Indonesia, tetapi terdapat beberapa kupu-kupu endemik di Pulau Sulawesi. Saat ini, jumlah spesies kupu-kupu papilionids makin menurun yang disebabkan oleh aktivitas manusia. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah spesies dan individu kupu-kupu papilionids, pola warna sayap, dan struktur warna sayap kupu-kupu. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Januari-April 2015. Sampling dilakukan dalam tiga wilayah, yaitu Cagar Alam Leang-leang, Cagar Alam Pattunuang dan Taman Wisata Bantimurung selama tiga bulan. Daerah sampling meliputi hutan sekunder, area persawahan dan taman wisata. Pengamatan dilakukan pada pagi hari (08.00-12.00 WITA) dan siang hingga sore hari (pukul 13.00-16.00 WITA). Pengamatan tersebut meliputi jumlah spesies dan individu kupu-kupu, tumbuhan berbunga, dan faktor lingkungan. Dalam penelitian ini diperoleh 21 spesies dari 1,077 individu kupu-kupu papilionid. Jumlah spesies dan individu kupu-kupu terbanyak ditemukan di Taman Wisata Bantimurung (18 sp., 459 ind), diikuti oleh Cagar Alam Leangleang (18 sp,, 348 ind) dan Cagar Alam Pattunuang (17 sp., 275 ind. Genus Papilio merupakan kupu-kupu yang paling sering ditemukan selama pengamatan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pola warna sayap kupu-kupu papilionids, terutama kupu-kupu genus Papilio, mengikuti gabungan venasi sayap dan model The Nymphalid Ground Plan (NGP). Sebagian besar, warna sayap berada pada bagian tengah hingga ke bagian batas luar (border). Pola warna sayap tampak berbeda-beda, terutama pola warna yang terdapat di bagian venasi sayap. Hal ini diakibatkan oleh struktur sisik sayap. Struktur sisik sayap mempunyai dua tipe, yaitu rectangular dan triangular, yang tersusun seperti genteng rumah. Sisik sayap memiliki struktur yang dapat mengontrol pantulan dan penyerapan cahaya ultraviolet (UV). Kupu-kupu papilionids dapat memiliki warna sayap yang sama dengan kupu-kupu papilionids lainnya, namun tiap spesies memiliki struktur sisik sayap yang berbeda.
Keyword: Keanekaragaman, papilionids, identifikasi, warna sayap, sisik sayap