Judul: The Influence of Mother-Child Attachment and Father Involvement on Cognitive Development of Stunted and Non-Stunted Toddlers
Abstrak: Prevalensi stunting di Indonesia tahun 2022 berdasarkan standar WHO masih terkategori sebagai masalah gizi kronis. Penelitian ini secara umum bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kelekatan ibu-anak dan keterlibatan ayah terhadap perkembangan kognitif batita. Desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu eksplanatori dengan metode survei. Penelitian ini melibatkan 36 batita stunting dan 36 batita tidak stunting berusia 2-3 tahun beserta ibunya yang berdomisili di Kelurahan Bubulak dan Kelurahan Sindangbarang, Kota Bogor yang dipilih secara purposive. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jenis kelamin, usia anak, dan pendapatan keluarga berhubungan positif signifikan dengan perkembangan kognitif, usia ibu berhubungan negatif signifikan dengan kelekatan ibu-anak, serta pendidikan dan status pekerjaan ibu berhubungan positif signifikan dengan keterlibatan ayah. Keterlibatan ayah berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap perkembangan kognitif, sedangkan kelekatan ibu-anak tidak berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan kognitif anak.
Keyword: cognitive development, father involvement, mother and child attachment, stunting, toddlers

Judul: Hubungan Pengetahuan Gizi dan Kesehatan Ibu serta Kebiasaan Makan dengan Perkembangan Kognitif Balita Stunting dan Normal
Abstrak: Prevalence of stunting in Indonesia is extremely high, which can result in impaired development i.e cognitive development. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship of mother's nutrition and health knowledge as well as eating habits with cognitive development of stunting and normal underfive children. Samples were 82 underfive children selected purposively, consisted of 41 stunting underfive children and 41 normal underfive children. Most of stunting underfive children were female aged 3.6-4.5 years. Result showed mother's nutrition and health knowledge, eating habits and cognitive development of normal underfive children were better than stunting underfive children. Eating habits and cognitive development of stunting and normal underfive children had significant difference (p<0.05). Correlation test showed that diversity of vegetables had a positive correlation with cognitive development, but frequency and diversity of snack had negative correlation with cognitive development.
Keyword: stunting, cognitive development, eating habits, mother's nutrition and health knowledge

Judul: Heterologous Expression Of Endo-Β-Xylanase From Bacillus Pumilus Strain Bcrs-01 In Escherichia Coli.
Abstrak: Xylanases are glycoside hydrolase family 11 which depolymerise xylan in the plant cell wall, the most excessive form of hemicellulose. Endo-β-xylanases (EC 3.2.1.8) are most important to breakdown β-1,4-glicoside bond of xylan to produce disaccaride xyloolygosaccaride (XOs) and xylose (monomer). Bovine rumen fluids have potential to obtain endo-β-xylanase produced of bacteria. The objectives of this study were to obtain xylanase producing bacteria and to express xynA gene encoding endo-β-xylanase from bacterium in Escherichia coli. Twenty nine isolate bacteria have been succesfully isolated from bovine rumen fluid in agar medium containing birchwood xylan. Isolate BCRS-01 bacterium was previously screened for the high production of xylanase. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, BCRS-01 showed high similarity (99%) to Bacillus pumilus (accession number NR043241). The crude xylanase had optimal activity at 55oC, pH 7.0. Furthermore, the crude xylanase exhibited broad pH stability from 4.0 to 10.0 and remained more than 60% and 40% of its activity after incubation at pH 4.0 until 10.0, respectively for 60 min. It also showed a stability at temperature 25-50oC since it retained 80% and 50% of its activity when incubated at 50oC or 30 and 60 min, respectively. The xylanase activity was strongly inhibited by Ca2+ and Cu2+ at concentration 10 mM, and as little as 1 mM for Mn2+. Therefore, this xylanase has potentially used as additive feeds in animal feed industry. The DNA sequence xynA gene encoded endo-β-xylanase was amplified and cloned into the expression vector pET-15by under the control of T7 promoter. The recombinant protein had succesfully expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS. A protein recombinant of approximately, 26.7 kDa was observed on the SDS-PAGE analysis. Crude extract of recombinant endo-β-xylanase demonstrated activity of enzyme at 56 U mL-1 using birchwood xylan as a substrate at 55oC for 10 min.
Keyword: Bacillus pumilus, bovine rumen fluid, endo-β-xylanase, heterologous expression.