Judul: Analysis of Housing Management on the Risk of Dairy Cattle Hoof Disease at PT Great Giant Livestock
Abstrak: Penyakit kuku dan kepincangan yang diakibatkannya merupakan masalah kesejahteraan hewan yang paling penting dalam peternakan sapi perah modern. Sapi perah dengan produksi tinggi, kelebihan nutrisi dan berat badan sapi yang dipelihara secara intensif di lantai beton dianggap sebagai faktor risiko penyakit kuku. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis manajemen perkandangan terhadap kesehatan kuku sapi perah di PT GGL. Data manajeman perkandangan didapatkan secara observasi langsung. Analisis data menggunakan metode deskriptif untuk menguraikan dan menjelaskan mengenai faktor risiko hasil dari observasi secara langsung. Prevalensi penyakit kuku sapi di PT GGL pada periode Juli hingga September 2021 didapatkan sebesar 1,2%, 3,2%, dan 2,9%. Prevalensi yang rendah di PT GGL dikarenakan banyaknya manajemen perkandangan yang telah sesuai dengan rekomendasi. Manajemen perkandangan PT GGL yang sesuai dengan rekomendasi meliputi penggunaan kandang semi close house dengan sistem free stall, pemerahan kurang dari empat jam, kelompok pakan dan sistem pakan headlock, lebar tempat berbaring 125 cm, letak pen kandang berdekatan, pengelompokan sapi post partus dan primipara, perendaman kaki sapi periode kering dan laktasi dengan formalin 5% dan tembaga sulfat 3%, pemotongan kuku sapi periode kering dan pertengahan laktasi, penanganan dan pengobatan lesi kuku, dan pembilasan kotoran dengan sistem flushing. Manajemen perkandangan yang masih belum sesuai dengan rekomendasi di PT GGL yaitu ukuran headlock 50 cm, bedding berbasis matras dan lantai beton. Manajemen yang diterapkan PT GGL dapat mencapai produksi susu sebesar 8.265 kg/ekor di atas rata-rata di Indonesia namun masih rendah dari negara empat musim., Foot disorders and the resulting lameness are the most important welfare problem in modern dairy farming. High yielding dairy cows, over-nourished and heavy weight cows which are reared intensively on concrete floor are considered as risk factors for dairy foot disorders. The purpose of this study was to analyze housing management on the health of the hooves of dairy cattle at PT GGL. The housing management data was obtained by direct observation. Data analysis used descriptive methods to describe and explain the risk factors resulting from direct observation. The prevalence of cow hoof disease at PT GGL in the period July to September 2021 was 1.2%, 3.2%, and 2.9%. The low prevalence at PT GGL is due to the large number of housing management that has been in accordance with the recommendations. PT GGL’s housing management in accordance with the recommendations includes the use of semi- close house with a free stall, milking less than four hours, feed group and headlock, 125 cm wide lying area, closeness of pen cage, grouping of post partum and primiparous, foot bath in dry cattle and lactation cows with formalin 5% and copper sulfate 3%, hoof trimming in dry and mid-lactating period, handling and treatment of hoof lesions, and rinsing of manure by flushing system. The housing management that is still not suitable at PT GGL is the headlock size 50 cm, bed-based mattresses and concrete floors. The management implemented by PT GGL can achieve milk production of 8,265 kg/head above the average in Indonesia but still low than the four-seasons country.
Keyword: Kesehatan, Kuku, Lingkungan, Manajemen, Sapi

Judul: ANIMAL WELFARE AND GOOD HOUSING USING ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS IN KPSBU LEMBANG SMALL DAIRY FARM
Abstrak: Peningkatan produksi susu sapi perah dapat diupayakan dengan Good Dairy Farming Practices (GDFP). Salah satu aspek penentu GDFP adalah Animal Welfare dan Good Housing. Penerapan Animal Welfare dan Good Housing yang baik dapat meningkatkan produktivitas sapi perah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi dan menganalisis kriteria penentu yang paling berpengaruh dalam GDFP aspek Animal Welfare dan Good Housing dengan menggunakan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode survei dan wawancara langsung kepada 10 peternak di Manoko dan 10 peternak di Cisaroni yang merupakan anggota Koperasi Peternak Sapi Perah Bandung Utara (KPSBU) serta 4 orang ahli yang terdiri dari akademisi, praktisi, dan pemerintah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aspek Animal Welfare lebih penting daripada Good Housing. Kriteria penentu tertinggi berdasarkan nilai gabungan pengamatan dan vektor prioritas dari Animal Welfare adalah bebas dari lapar dan haus sebesar 18,98% dengan bobot AHP 0,276, sedangkan dari Good Housing adalah peralatan susu 14,15% dengan bobot AHP 0,149., Increasing the milk production of dairy cows can be attempted with Good Dairy Farming Practices (GDFP). One of the defining aspects of GDFP is Animal Welfare and Good Housing. Good application of Animal Welfare and Good Housing can increase the productivity of dairy cows. This study aims to evaluate and analyze the most influential determining criteria in GDFP aspects of Animal Welfare and Good Housing by using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The method used is a survey method and interviews with 10 farmers in Manoko and 10 farmers in Cisaroni who are members of the North Bandung Dairy Farmers Cooperative (KPSBU) and 4 experts consisting of academics, practitioner, and the government. The results of the research show that the Animal Welfare aspect is more important than Good Housing. The highest determining criterion based on the combined observation value and priority vectors from Animal Welfare is free from hunger and thirst 18,98% with an AHP weight of 0,276, while from Good Housing is milk equipment 14,15% with an AHP weight of 0,149.
Keyword: analytical hierarchy process, animal welfare, good dairy farming practices, good housing

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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