Judul: The recommendation for n, p and k fertilization of duku (Lansium domesticum) based on leaf analysis
Abstrak: Fertilizer recommendation rate of N, P and K for duku (Lansium domesticum) based on leaf analysis have been established. The study comprise of four parts, i.e. (1) Determination of N, P, K concentration to built nutrient level category for duku seedling, and to find out the optimum rate of fertilizer aplication, (2) Correlation study to find out the best leaf sample for nutrient leaf analysis, (3) Callibration study to determine leaf N, P, K level category and recomendation study determine the optimum fertilizer rate for each nutrient level category (4) NPK fertilization to find out the effect of NPK fertilization on fruit yield and quality. The first study was conducted from March 2010 to March 2011 at Jambi and the second to the fourth study were carry on from December 2008 to April 2012, in area of duku central production at Kumpeh Ulu District, Muaro Jambi Regency. The first study consist of three experimens each for N, P and K study. Nitrogen treatment (0, 100, 200, 400, 800 ppm), P treatment (0, 50, 100, 200, 400 ppm), and K treatment (0, 50, 100, 200, 400 ppm) was arranged in the Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with three replication. In the second study, the treatment were three leaves sample from the most recently mature leaves with position in the first and the third leaves from fruiting and nonfruiting branches, and sampled before harvest time, at harvest time, and after harvest. The third and fourth research treatment were N (0, 400, 800, 1,200, 1,600 g N/plant/year), P (0, 500, 1,000, 1,500, 2,000 g P2O5/plant/year), and K (0, 600, 1,200, 1,800, 2,400 g K2O/plant/year). Each treatments were arranged in RCBD with 5 replications. The results showed that leaf nutrient status on duku seedling of N was deficiency: < 1.36% dry weight, adequacy: 1.36–1.46%, and excessive > 1.46%; status of P was deficiency < 0.14%, adequacy: 0.14–0.25%, and excessive > 0.25%; status of K was deficiency < 1.26%, adequacy: 1.26–1.62%, and excessive > 1.62%. The optimum fertilizer rate of duku seedling for very low nutrient status was 398 ppm N, 195 ppm P and 177 ppm K, each of 50 ml per plant aplied two days times or equivalent to 79 g urea, 115 g SP-36 and 32 g KCl/year. The best leaf sample of duku was the third mature leaves at harvest time of non fruiting branches (correlation coefficient 0.87, 0.74, and 0.71 for N, P and K respectively). The second alternative were the third or the first mature leaves at harvest time of fruiting branches. The leaf nutrient status of N was very low (< 1.81%), low (1.81 ≤ N < 2.82%), and medium (≥ 2.82%); status of P was very low (< 0.09%), low (0.09 ≤ P < 0.17%), and medium (≥ 0.17%); status of K was very low (< 1.16%), low (1.16 ≤ K < 2.19%) and medium (≥ 2.19%). Fertilizer recommendation rate on duku plant (1) for very low nutrient status were 858 g N, 1,770 g P2O5 and 1,900 g K2O/plant/year, (2) for low nutrient status were 622 g N,
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Judul: Development of soil test of phosphorus and potassium for fertilizer recommendation of tomato
Abstrak: The best management practices for fertilizer application on vegetable crop in Indonesia are not available at present. Environmentally friendliness in fertilizer recommendation based on soil analysis has been adopted by many developed countries for crop production. Soil testing using single-nutrient soil analysis in Indonesia has been developed since 1970. However, due to limited research fund, soil testing has not been programmed continuously and recommendation for fertilization of specific location based on soil family has not been established yet. Therefore, this research developed the basic model of P and K fertilizer efficiency and recommendation based on soil analysis for tomato in Inceptisols. This model will be adopted for other vegetable crops and different soil type in the future. Tomato is a vegetable growing well on Inceptisols soil type, which generally has low pH and high P-fixation. Research was done in greenhouse and open field of Cikabayan, UF, IPB, from March 2010 to December 2011. The objective of this research was to develop the best management practice for P fertilizer and K fertilizer recommendation based on soil analysis on Inceptisols for tomato. The study was designed in two years. The first year was to build recommendation for P and the second year for K fertilizer. Each study consisted of three experiments. First experiment was correlation study that aimed at finding out the best extraction method. The second experiment was calibration study that aimed at developing soil response category. The third experiment was recommendation study that aimed at building P and K fertilizer recommendation for each soil category on Inceptisols for tomato. Treatments were phosphorus and potassium rates i.e. 0X, ¼ X ½ X ¾ X and 1X, where X was 368.6 P2O5 kg ha-1 and was 608.6 K2O kg ha-1. Correlation of soil P and K test with tomato growth was conducted in the greenhouse through media obtained from soil incubation processes. Soil P test used five extraction methods i.e. Bray I, Bray II, Mehlich I, Morgan Wolf and Truog. Soil K test also used five extraction methods i.e. Mehlich I, Morgan Vanema, Truog, HCl 25% and NH4OAc 1 M pH 7. Calibration test was arranged in a completely randomized design with two factors. The treatment consisted of several soil P status (levels) ranging from very low to very high. Fertilizer dosage i.e. X, ¾ X, ½ X, ¼ X, and 0X was the second factor, where X was 368.6 P2O5 kg ha-1 for P and was 608.6 kg ha-1 K2O for K. Results showed that there were significant differences among P and K fertilizer treatments on plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, fresh biomass and dry biomass for both correlation test and calibration test. The correlation test showed that the best extraction reagent was Mehlich I for P and Truog for K. Fertilizer recommendation criteria for “very low-nutrient status” was 183.3 P2O5 kg ha-1 and 281.3 K2O kg ha-1. Fertilizer recommendation for “low-nutrient” status was 71.4 P2O5 kg ha-1 and 178.6 K2O kg ha-1.
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Judul: Invers dari Matriks Tridiagonal Jacobi
Abstrak: Suatu matriks berukuran n×n dinamakan matriks tridiagonal jika untuk . Karya ilmiah ini memberikan algoritma yang mudah untuk menemukan invers ( dari matriks tridiagonal Jacobi yang simetrik dan nonsimetrik. Setiap elemen pada matriks tridiagonal ini adalah bilangan real. Terdapat 3 lema dan 2 teorema untuk menentukan . Lema pertama menunjukkan persamaan utama dalam membuktikan lema-lema dan teorema-teorema selanjutnya. Invers dari matriks yang simetrik dibuktikan oleh lema kedua yang menunjukkan elemen-elemen baris ke- dari . Selanjutnya, lema kedua dilengkapi dengan teorema pertama yang menunjukkan elemen-elemen dengan . Invers dari matriks yang nonsimetrik dibuktikan oleh lema ketiga yang menunjukkan elemen-elemen dengan dan elemen-elemen dengan dibuktikankan oleh teorema kedua.
Keyword: symmetric, nonsymmetric, matrix