Judul: Biologi Reproduksi Ikan Semar (Mene maculata Bloch and Schneider, 1801) di Teluk Palabuhanratu, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Ikan semar (Mene maculata) adalah salah satu sumberdaya ikan ekonomis dan memiliki potensi yang tinggi sebagai ikan konsumsi, namun masih minim informasinya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis aspek biologi reproduksi ikan semar di Teluk Palabuhanratu. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei-September 2017. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukan bahwa pola pertumbuhan ikan semar yaitu alometrik negatif. Hasil uji Chi-square menunjukan bahwa rasio kelamin ikan semar selama periode pengamatan tidak 1:1. Hasil analisis proporsi ikan yang matang gonad dengan metode Spearman-Karber menunjukan bahwa ikan semar betina mencapai ukuran pertama kali matang gonad (Lm) lebih awal dibandingkan dengan ikan semar jantan. Berdasarkan distribusi tingkat kematangan gonad (TKG) dan indeks kematangan gonad (IKG) secara temporal, musim puncak pemijahan adalah pada bulan Agustus. Pola pemijahan terindikasi total spawner. Potensi reproduksi yang diduga dari fekunditas menunjukkan bahwa ikan ini dapat dikategorikan mempunyai potensi reproduksi sedang dengan rata-rata fekunditas 6946 butir telur. Alternatif input pengelolaan untuk menjaga kelestariannya adalah tidak melakukan penangkapan pada bulan Agustus.
Keyword: biologi reproduksi, ikan semar (Mene maculata), Teluk Palabuhanratu

Judul: Kajian Stok Ikan Semar (Mene maculata Bloch & Schneider, 1801) di Teluk Palabuhanratu, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Ikan semar adalah salah satu jenis ikan yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis dan ekologis di Teluk Palabuhanratu yang kondisi stoknya belum banyak diteliti. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengestimasi status stok ikan semar di Teluk Palabuhanratu. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa pola pertumbuhan ikan semar alometrik negatif. Analisis distribusi frekuensi panjang dengan metode Normal Separation (NORMSEP) menghasilkan koefisien pertumbuhan (K) ikan semar betina hampir sama dengan ikan jantan. Ukuran pertama kali tertangkap (Lc) ikan semar oleh alat tangkap payang lebih kecil daripada ukuran rata-rata pertama kali matang gonad (Lm), sehingga diduga ikan semar tertangkap sebelum memijah satu kali. Hasil laju eksploitasi menunjukkan ikan semar di Teluk Palabuhanratu telah mengalami tangkap lebih. Hal tersebut juga didukung dari hasil yang didapatkan dengan analisis model produksi surplus. Rekomendasi pengelolaan ikan semar adalah melakukan kontrol untuk menurunkan upaya tangkap, kontrol waktu penangkapan, mengatur ukuran mata jaring payang dan pemantauan pencatatan data hasil tangkapan ikan semar.
Keyword: ikan semar, kajian stok, laju eksploitasi, pertumbuhan, Teluk Palabuhanratu

Judul: Glucose biosensor using a glucose dehydrogenase flavin adenine dinucleotide electrochemically immobilized on zeolite nanoparticles
Abstrak: A glucose biosensor was developed to measure blood glucose levels. The performance of these new glucose biosensors was continuously improved, producing better performance and stability. The technique selection and immobilization matrix are key factors for biosensor development, so that the prospecting of materials that can be used as a matrix for supporting enzyme, continue to be explore. The purpose of this study was to determine the activity and stability of the enzyme glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) that were immobilized on zeolite nanoparticles (NPZ) and determine the kinetic parameters and analytical performance by electrochemical methods. The resulting enzyme electrode with NPZ and enzyme electrode with zeolite A showed a high activity against the enzyme electrode glucose than without NPZ. The reaction kinetics of third electrodes of enzyme followed the Dixon equation. The 𝐼����𝑚����𝑎����𝑥����𝑎����𝑝����𝑝���� values for enzyme electrode without NPZ, with NPZ, and with zeolite A were 27.25 μA, 77.52 μA, and 48.54 μA, respectively. The 𝐾����𝑀����𝑎����𝑝����𝑝���� values for GDH enzyme that immobilized on the NPZ were 1.16 mM, 12.30 mM for GDH enzyme that immobilized on zeolite A and 0.95 mM for GDH enzyme immobilization without NPZ. The enzyme electrode without NPZ, with NPZ, and with zeolite A also showed a high sensitivity with value for the sensitivity were 0.58 μA mM-1, 0.81 μA mM-1, and 2.51 μA mM-1, respectively. The third enzyme electrodes showed different linear area with range for the enzyme electrode without NPZ, with NPZ and with zeolite A were 1.00-15.00 mM, 2.00-20.00 mM, and 0.06-10.00 mM, respectively. The blood glucose level of normal person ranged from 4 to 6 mM, so that the enzyme electrode with NPZ and without NPZ are suitable for use in the determination of the concentration of blood glucose. While the enzyme electrode with zeolite A has a smaller range so it is more suitable to use in the determination of glucose concentration in the foods or beverages. The enzyme electrode with NPZ and the enzyme electrode with zeolite A showed a good accuracy with relative error values were 3.84% and3.48%, respectively. Repeatability measurements also showed a good precission results with relative standard deviation values (%RSD) for the enzyme electrode with NPZ and enzyme electrode with zeolite A were 3.83% and 3.16%, respectively. By combining two immobilization techniques, physical adsorption on zeolite and entrapment on carbon paste, high enzymatic activity, good accuracy, and repeatability was attained. The enzyme electrode with NPZ and the enzyme electrode with zeolite A demonstrated a good electrochemical response toward glucose, allowing it to detect blood glucose levels and glucose levels in foods and beverages.
Keyword: glucose biosensor, immobilization, zeolite