Judul: Tingkat Adopsi Artikel Topik dan Efek Komunikasi Majalah Pertanian (Kasus Pembaca Majalah Trubus di Jakarta Selatan)
Abstrak: The mass media in developing countries has a large role to support development. Development will work faster if supported by mass media. The mass media creates awareness, provides informations, and direct informations for the purposes of educations and extensions. Besides the mass media can motivate and mobilize communities to participate in development. The mass media also contributed agricultural innovations diffuse to communities. According to the diffusion of innovations theory, communicator who obtains message to the mass media, likely to have stronger influence towards others. Diffusions is the process by which invention are disseminated by people who are member of social system. The purpose of this study is to determine the levels of adoption of articles Topic among the Trubus Magazine readers in South Jakarta, in order to know the effect of communication Trubus Magazine, understand the factors which affect the levels of adoption of innovation toward Trubus Magazine readers. The study was designed as a research survey that is descriptive correlational variables by observing the reading frequency, exposure, income levels, education, and adoption of articles Topic. Respondents of this study are readers of Trubus Magazine in South of Jakarta. Based on the data of Distribution Department Trubus Magazine, there are 308 readers in South Jakarta until February 2011. The samples of this study are 76 readers. The data was collected by questionnaires and interviews: (1) an overview the characteristic of respondents, (2) the exposure of Topic of Trubus Magazine, (3) communication effect associated of cognitive, affective effect, and behavioral effect (4) adoption of innovations levels. Data analysis and processing characteristic of the relationship using the Spearman correlation formula. The results showed that (1) the distribution of respondents according to observable characteristics seems to vary, (2) top tree commodities on 7 others which are prefered by respondents as a topic are fruit (18.4%), traditional medicines (15.7%), and plantation (14,7%). (3) in relation to cognitive effects, the knowledge respondents are increased. Likewise the affective, respondents are better, (4) The most widely adopted innovation by respondents is the biopori technology one of the methods applied in rain water harvesting, (5) There is relation between exposure and knowledge and attitudes.
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Judul: Homophily of Farmers and Extension Workers and Its Influence on Adoption of Innovations (A Case in the Field School of Rice Integrated Crop Management in Kumpeh Ulu Districts, Muarojambi Counties, Jambi Province)
Abstrak: Communication process has a very important role in extension activities in order to achieve behavior change. One of the most obvious and fundamental principles of human communication is that the exchange of messages most frequently occurs between a source and a receiver who are alike, similar and homophily. Homophily is conceptualized at two levels, on the basis of measurement: (1) subjective, the degree to which a source or receiver perceives the dyad as similar in attributes; and (2) objective, the degree of observable similarity between source and receiver. The purpose of this research was to assess the influence of homophily level between farmers and extension worker of adoption of innovation in rice integrated crop management program. This research was a descriptive analytical survey. The primary data in this study were obtained from interviews with 166 farmer beneficiaries and 7 extension workers. The data obtained were analyzed using Kendall Tau-b correlation test (τ). Correlation of test results conclude that: (1) the objective homophily level of farmers and extension worker in general have a real relationship with the subjective homophily level of farmer and extension worker; (2) the objective homophily level of farmers and extension workers in general do not have a real relationship with the adoption of innovation level of rice integrated crop management except experiences and attitudes; and (3) the subjective homophily level of farmer and extension workers in general have a strong relationship with the adoption of innovation level of rice integrated crop management.
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Judul: The Construction of Greedy SVP LLL Algorithm
Abstrak: A lattice is a set of all integer linear combination of a set of linearly independent vectors in ℝ𝑛���. The independent vectors are called bases of lattice. Any lattice can be generated from many bases, and these bases have the same cardinality. In the lattice, the most fundamental and renowned problem is the Shortest Vector Problem (SVP). SVP is a tracking problem of the shortest nonzero vector in a lattice with equivalent bases. In two dimensions, SVP problem has resolved exactly by Gauss’ algorithm. When the lattice dimension is higher than two, A.K. Lenstra, H.W. Lenstra and L. Lovasz gave a LLL algorithm to compute approximation of nonzero shortest vector in the lattice. Reduced bases solution obtained from LLL algorithm still be an approximation and has polynomial running time of arbitrary dimension which large enough. In 1994, Schnoor and Euchner modified this LLL algorithm as a new variant which later was named deep insertion LLL algorithm. This algorithm is a modified version of the LLL algorithm to the terms of the exchange step to improve the accuracy of output of LLL reduced bases and applying it to the subset sum problem. The purpose of this research are: (1) Reconstruct the LLL algorithm and deep insertion LLL algorithm using a geometric approach. (2) Construct a greedy SVP LLL algorithm. (3) Implement the three algorithms in a symbolic programming language, and evaluate them experimentally. A bases ℬ=[𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑛���] in ℝ𝑚��� is called reduced LLL with parameter 𝛿��� if satisfies: (a) |𝜇���𝑗���𝑖���|≤12, for every integer 𝑖���,𝑗��� with 1≤𝑖���<𝑗���<𝑛���. (b)𝛿���‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���)‖2≤‖𝜋���𝑗���(𝐛���𝑗���+1)‖2, for 𝑗���=1,2,…,𝑛���−1,where 𝛿��� is a reduced parameter of real numbers with 14<𝛿���<1. The first requirement is the reduced basis 𝛿��� must “nearly orthogonal” and in its computation case, this requirement can be reached out by using the Gram-Schmidt’s orthogonalization. While the second requirement is called exchange step, or used to called as Lovasz condition. By using both of these requirements, then they establish the LLL algorithm. Then, Schnoor and Euchner modify the LLL algorithm based on the requirements of the exchange step called the deep insertion LLL algorithm, where the exchange step is based on the comparison of the projected vector in orthogonal complement [𝐛���1,𝐛���2,…,𝐛���𝑘���−1]⊥ after j-th reduction. To construct greedy SVP LLL algorithm, the requirements of the exchange step is based on purely by comparing norm of lattice 𝐛���𝑗��� with norm lattice 𝐛���𝑖��� for 𝑖���=1,2,3…,𝑗���−1. The process of insertion reduced vector after the exchange step also has done greedily. Then, we calculate the number of arithmetic operation in greedy SVP LLL algorithm for further analysis. The result of our exprimentation for three algorithms on the certain matrix size shows that the running time of the three algorithms increases propotional to the size of the matrix. The result also shows that by using 𝛿���=34 for the LLL algorithm and the deep insertion LLL algorithm, and the greedy SVP LLL algorithm which is a new variant made by using no parameter of 𝛿���, outperform of the other of two previous algorithm in terms of speed with the same output.
Keyword: LLL algorithm, LLL deep insertion algorithm, greedy SVP LLL algorithm