Judul: Foot Pad Lesion, Breast Blister dan Performa Produksi Ayam Petelur pada Sistem Perkandangan Litter dan Cage
Abstrak: Housing management is one factor that influence the incident of foot pad lesion and breast blister. Foot Pad Lesion (FPL) and Breast Blister (BB) are inflamation of the subcutant tissue on the region foot pad and breast of the chicken caused by intensive rubbing between skin and house floor. This study was designed to evaluate litter and cage system on the incident of FPL, BB, and performance of laying hens. This research used closed housed with temperature range of 18 until 22 oC. A total of 18 hens are reared on bamboo cage and 18 hens on rice husk litter. A number of 9 samples were taken from each housing system to evaluate the score of FPL and BB, egg production, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio. The t-Test was applied to compare the all trait between litter and cage. The result of the experiment showed that the incident level of FPL and BB on hens reared in litter and cage did not significantly different (P>0.05). Increasing incident of FPL in cage was higher than litter (100% vs 33.33%) at fourth week, but overall FPL at both of housing systems increase from first week until fourth week. In addition, egg production, feed consumption, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio were not different.
Keyword: litter, foot pad lesion (FPL), cage, breast blister (BB)

Judul: Performa Produksi dan Kualitas Telur Ayam Petelur pada Sistem Litter dan Cage dengan Suhu Kandang Berbeda.
Abstrak: Housing temperature and housing system may influence productive performance and egg qualities. This research aimed to investigate the influence of different housing temperatures and housing system on productive performance and egg qualities. A total of 72 Lohmann hens were reared in litter and cage system with different housing temperatures of 18 oC and 30 oC. Each treatment consisted of 18 hens. Traits measured were productive performance (feed intake, hen day production, egg weight, egg mass, and feed conversion), egg internal and external qualities (egg shape index, Haugh Unit, air sack, albumin height, egg shell cleanless, egg shell thickness, and egg shell weight). This experiment was run twice according to housing system for each housing temperatures and was completely randomized design. Data was subjected to t-test and descriptive analyses. Productive production and egg quality in both housing systems did not differ. However, the egg weight was significantly heavier in cage system compared to litter system in neutral housing temperature.
Keyword: productive performance, housing temperature, housing system, egg quality

Judul: : Persamaan Tunggal sebagai Representasi Kurva Komposit
Abstrak: A mathematical method is introduced to represent a composite curve based on an extension of analytic geometry. The representation is given either with a single equation or with two equations, in the case of parametric representation. This method permits the representation of composite curves in similar manner to the conventional representation of non-composite curves. Some mathematical tools, including Heaviside unit step function and periodizer function, are used in the establishment of a single equation. In this paper, regular equations of regular and irregular polygon, as well as composite curves of two dimensions, are implemented using a computer algebraic system, Mathematica.
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