Judul: Pengaruh defisit anggaran terhadap nilai tukar di Indonesia
Abstrak: Krisis ekonomi yang terjadi pada pertengahan tahun 1997 telah berdampak pada pengelolaan anggaran negara. Krisis ekonomi menyebabkan pemerintah menjalankan kebijakan defisit anggaran. Ketika pemerintah menjalankan defisit anggaran, pada dasarnya terdapat teori yang menyatakan bahwa memotong defisit anggaran dan utang akan menurunkan tingkat suku bunga, tetapi ada perdebatan mengenai pengaruhnya terhadap nilai ukur.
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Judul: The impacts of government external debt on the performance of Indonesia economy
Abstrak: The objectives of this study are to analyze the impact s of government external debt on the performance of Indonesia economy, which consists on the role of external debt in reducing deficit financing, decreasing debt stock and its growth. The policy alternatives set for period 1985 - 2005 are simulated wit h a simultaneous econometric model. The two - stage least squares (2 - SLS) method was used to estimate the parameters of the behavioral equations in the model. The result of simulation shows that world interest rate is a dominant factor in influencing externa l debt performance. I t can also be expressed that reducing in government external debt will decrease economic growth, reduce private consumption, reduce budget deficit and reduce re - payment of external loan. Another impact is decreasing sectoral developmen t growth which will lead to increasing the rate of unemployment. Another r esult of simulation also indicates that foreign financing and lender driven has significantly influenced on sectoral growth., Tujuan dari penelitian disertasi ini adalah untuk menganalisis dampak penggunaan utang luar negeri pemerintah terhadap kinerja perekonomian Indonesia yang meliputi peranan utang luar negeri pada beberapa sektor utama dalam perekonomian Indonesia, dan terhadap pengurangan stok utang luar negeri dan pengurangan pembiayaan defisit dalam rangka mencapai kemandirian dalam pembiayaan pembangunan. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dari berbagai sumber, terutama data series (time series) dari tahun 1985 sampai dengan tahun 2005, dan dibangun dalam suatu model ekonometrik asimultan. Metoda two-stage least squares (2-SLS) digunakan untuk mengestimasi parameter persamaan perilaku dalam model. Hasil simulasi kebijakan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa suku bunga dunia merupakan faktor yang dominan dalam mempengaruhi keberadaan pinjaman luar negeri pemerintah. Dapat ditunjukkan pula bahwa penurunan jumlah pinjaman baru dari sumber luar negeri akan menyebabkan turunnya pertumbuhan ekonomi, penurunan konsumsi rumah tangga, penurunan investasi masyarakat, pengurangan defisit anggaran dan turunnya pembayaran pokok dan bunga utang luar negeri. Dampak yang lain adalah turunnya angka indikator pertumbuhan sektoral yang akan menyebabkan naiknya angka pengangguran. Hasil yang lain dari simulasi kebijakan juga menunjukkan bahwa utang luar negeri dan kebijakan donor mempunyai pengaruh yang kuat atas kinerja angka indikator pertumbuhan sektoral.
Keyword: deficit financing, debt stock, external loan, two-stage least squares (2-SLS)

Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell