Judul: Pendugaan Perubahan Cadangan Karbon di Kabupaten Lamandau dan Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat, Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah.
Abstrak: Deforestation and forest degradation has been a world attention due to their contribution on the global warming. This study describes the estimation of carbon stock changes caused by forest and land cover change using thematic approach. Carbon stock changes was analyzed and detected by using thematic change technique and multi-temporal image analysis. This research focused on carbon stock changes and emissions of CO2 due to land cover changes in Lamandau and Kotawaringin Barat Regency, Central Kalimantan Province. The main objective of this research is to estimate carbon stock changes and emissions of CO2 in Lamandau and Kotawaringin Barat Regency, Central Kalimantan Province during the period of 1990-2000 and 2000-2013. The result of this study indicates that there was a decrease in carbon during the period of 1990-2013, having mean annual decrease of carbon stock at amount of 2 945 639 Mg/year or equivalent to the loss of forest (deforestation) area of 23 986.6 ha/year and forest degradation area of 2 442.4 ha/year or equivalent to emission of 1 878 549 car/year.
Keyword: degradation, deforestation, multi temporal image analysis, carbon stock, land cover change, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB)

Judul: Estimation of Carbon Stock in Various Types of Land Cover with a Spatial Modelling of Field Measurement Data and Remote Sensing (a case study at Puncak and Cianjur areas, West Java)
Abstrak: Remote sensing technology is one of the effective ways to monitor land cover changes from time to time. The integration of field data and spatial data of land use changes from 1989 to 2007 will be a reference to find out the change of carbon stock in a certain land cover and land use. This research is to know the change of land cover during the periode of 1989-2007 and to analyze its relationship to the carbon stock changes. In this study, the method was divided into 4 stages: preparation and data collection, analysis of digital image, analysis of land cover/use, and estimation of carbon stock. The analysis result of Landsat image in 1989 and 2007 showed that there was a decline in the area of forest, rice field, and bare land up to 654 ha ( 4.92%), 594 ha (4.47%) and 95 ha (0.72%) respectively during the period of 1989- 2007. On the contrary, there was an increase in settlement areas, mix crops, crops, tea plantation and bushes by 954 ha (7.18%), 170 ha (1.28%), 145 ha (1.09%), 44 ha (0.33%) and 28 ha (0.22%). Estimation of carbon stock included biomass carbon and soil organic carbon stock. The total biomass carbon stock in forest areas and mix plantation decreased by 0.20 Mt from 1.76 Mt in 1989 to 1.56 Mt in 2007. The soil organic carbon stock in the depth of 0-30 cm decreased by 271.33 tens/ ha, and in the depth of 30-60 cm decreased by 122.89 tons/ ha, while the total soil organic carbon stock decreased by 0.51 Mt in the depth of 0-30 cm and 0.20 Mt in the depth of 30 – 60 cm., Teknologi penginderaan jauh merupakan salah satu cara yang efektif dalam melakukan pemantauan perubahan lahan dari waktu ke waktu. Integrasi data lapang dan data spasial perubahan penggunaan lahan dari tahun 1989 sampai tahun 2007 akan memberikan referensi untuk mengetahui seberapa besar perubahan karbon tersimpan pada suatu penutupan/penggunaan lahan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perubahan penutupan/penggunaan lahan tahun 1989 sampai 2007 dan hubungannya dengan perubahan karbon tersimpan Pada penelitian ini, metode penelitian dibagi menjadi 4 tahapan yaitu tahap persiapan dan pengumpulan data, tahap analisis citra digital, tahap analisis perubahan penutupan/penggunaan lahan dan pendugaan karbon tersimpan. Hasil analisis citra Landsat tahun 1989 dan 2007 menunjukan telah terjadi pengurangan luas hutan, sawah dan tanah terbuka sebesar 654 ha ( 4,92 %), 594 ha (4,47 %) dan 95 ha (0,72%) selama periode tahun 1989 sampai 2007. Sebaliknya pemukiman, kebun campuran, tegalan, kebun teh dan semak mengalami peningkatan area sebesar 954 ha (7,18 %), 170 ha (1,28%), 145 ha (1,09 %), 44 ha (0,33 %) dan 28 ha (0,22 %). Pendugaan karbon tersimpan meliputi karbon biomassa dan karbon organik tanah. Karbon biomassa tersimpan dalam kawasan hutan dan kebun campuran, mengalami penurunan sebesar 0,200 Mt dari 1,76 Mt pada tahun 1989 menjadi 1,56 Mt pada tahun 2007. Karbon organik pada kedalaman 0-30 cm telah terjadi pengurangan sebesar 271,33 ton/ha, dan pada kedalaman 30-60 cm terjadi penurunan sebesar 122,89 ton/ha, sedangkan total karbon organik tersimpan kawasannya mengalami penurunan sebesar
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Judul: Pemurnian dan karakterisasi protein inhibitor RNA helikase virus hepatitis C
Abstrak: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the second most common chronic viral infection in the world with global prevalence. This infection is contribution to chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, often leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. There is no effective drug and vaccine available against HCV. The current standard treatment, a combination of pegylated interferon-α with ribavirin, is limited by its suboptimal response rate in a significant patient population, side effects, and affordability. Therefore, development of effective drug is needed. One approach to find out the candidate of antiviral drug is to discover the inhibitor of enzyme that essential for virus replication, such as RNA helicase. Streptomyces chartreusis 5-095 produce the inhibitor of HCV RNA helicase. The aim of this study was to purify the protein inhibitor which has inhibition activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV from S. chartreusis 5-095. The supernatant of culture S. chartreusis 5-095 exhibited high inhibiton activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV (approximately 72%) at 10 days of incubation. The extracellular protein inhibitor was partially purified by procedures of precipitation with ammonium sulfate to 65% saturation and gel filtration (Sephadex G50) using methanol water solution (4:6) as an eluen. The purity of protein inhibitor was monitored by SDS PAGE. The protein inhibitor showed a relative molecular mass were estimated to be 14 kDa and increased the purity 23,08 fold than those of the crude protein. The specific activity and IC50 after purification were 13,1338 U/mg and 0,0767 mg/mL, respectively. The activity of purified protein inhibitor showed its stability over pH range from 5-8 and optimum at pH 7,4. The inhibition activity showed its stability up to 70% at temperature 100 oC. The purified protein inhibitor relatively stable its activity at storage in the range of -20 oC to room temperature for 35 days.
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