Judul: Pengembangan Pasar Minuman Dark Chocolate Instan
Abstrak: Coklat merupakan salah satu sumber antioksidan tertinggi yang mengandung kadar polifenol hingga 13%. Jenis dark chocolate semakin populer karena memiliki khasiat dan rasa pahit yang khas. Dewasa ini, coklat biasa dikonsumsi sebagai minuman instan namun pasar bisnis produk ini di Indonesia masih dalam tahap pengembangan. Tujuan penelitian ini yakni merancang model bisnis pengembangan produk minuman dark chocolate instan. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan riset aksi dengan mengolah data primer hasil wawancara. Permasalahan yang ditemukan di masyarakat yakni produk minuman cokelat yang ada di Indonesia saat ini yang sebagian menggunakan bahan sintetik dan gula pasir berkalori tinggi yang dapat menimbulkan banyak dampak negatif. Konsumen menginginkan konsumsi minuman cokelat yang enak dan sehat. Berdasarkan uji masalah diperoleh konsumen potensial sebesar 66%. Hasil verifikasi kanvas model bisnis menghasilkan value propositions produk ini diantaranya rendah indeks glikemik, rendah kalori, aman dikonsumsi bagi penderita diabetes karena diproduksi menggunakan gula kelapa, tanpa bahan pengawet atau perasa buatan, tersedia dalam varian rasa dan praktis. Customer segments produk ini ialah orang dewasa berusia 24 tahun keatas dengan tingkat ekonomi menengah keatas. Channel melalui agen, supermarket, kafe, restoran dan hotel. Revenue stream didapatkan dari penjualan produk. Hasil perhitungan analisis finansial menunjukkan HPP berkisar Rp 1.306 per sachet untuk kapasitas 5.000 sachet per hari dengan harga jual adalah Rp 6.000 per sachet.
Keyword: antioksidan, minuman dark chocolate, kanvas model bisnis, riset aksi

Judul: Pengembangan Minuman Cokelat Instan Komersial Menggunakan Atribut Sensori Terpilih Berdasarkan Preferensi Konsumen
Abstrak: Cacao is one of important commodity in Indonesia. Based on statistical data on 2020, export value of cacao beans reaches US$ 1,22 billion. Application of cacao beans is used as raw material for making chocolate drink. Some industries in Indonesia are developing instant commercial chocolate drink. Sensory evaluation is a key point for developing new product to meet with consumer criteria. Liking is not enough to evaluate sensory quality of the product. However, consumer satisfaction must be considered in sensory evaluation so that the product will be purchased continuously by customer. This research is the first step in development of instant commercial chocolate drink. Objective of this study are identifying consumer preference about instant chocolate drink product from market, identifying sensory attributes that are able to consumer satisfaction and their combination to improve the reach and consumer frequency. Relationship between sensory appeals and consumer satisfaction was identified by survey method integrated with structural equation model (SEM). Focus group discussion (FGD) method was utilized to identify sensory attributes of commercial instan chocolate drink. Then, Kano method is used to categorize the selected sensory attributes based on consumer satisfaction. Total unduplicated reach and frequency (TURF) method is used then to evaluate selected sensory attributes based on reach and frequency. Sensory attributes appeal affected consumer satisfaction of commercial instant chocolate drink with linear coefficient value 0,7. Better performance of sensory attributes increased consumer satisfaction. Sensory attributes of commercial instant chocolate drink consist of six groups including taste, flavor, aroma, texture, aftertaste and color. Based on Kano categorization, creamy and dark chocolate color were included in attractive category, chocolate attributes (color, aroma, flavor) were include in one-dimensional category, and sweet was included in must-be category. Furthermore, the combination of several selected attributes can be an alternative to maximize the production line. The combination of two variants flavor such as original chocolate flavor and chocolate with almonds flavor can be an alternative to reach 100% of the target market.
Keyword: chocolate drink, Kano, SEM, TURF, sensory evaluation

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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