Judul: Observation of Pests and Diseases of Intensive Microbial Technology for Chili Cultivation in Garut Regency, West Java
Abstrak: Teknologi mikrob intensif merupakan salah satu cara budi daya cabai bebas pestisida dengan menggunakan berbagai agens hayati yang dikenal karena keefektifannya dalam menekan hama dan penyakit pada tanaman cabai. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur kejadian dan keparahan hama penyakit tanaman cabai di lapangan. Penelitian terdiri dari dua perlakuan yaitu budi daya mikrob intensif dan konvensional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Curug Petir, Kecamatan Banyuresmi, Kabupaten Garut, dan Klinik Tanaman Departemen Proteksi Tanaman, Institut Pertanian Bogor, pada bulan September sampai Desember 2023. Pengamatan insidensi dan keparahan penyakit saat tanaman berumur 4, 7, 8, 10, dan 13 minggu setelah tanam. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada lahan dengan luas 1050 m2, menggunakan metode kuantitatif yaitu dengan mengadakan pengamatan terhadap 2 petak tanaman cabai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan teknologi mikrob intensif mampu menggantikan peran pestisida, meningkatkan produksi dengan biaya pengendalian lebih rendah, serta memberikan nilai keuntungan ekologis maupun keamanan pangan.
Keyword: Cendawan endofit H5, Lecanicillium lecanii, pengendalian hama terpadu, Rhodotorula minuta, Trichoderma harzianum

Judul: Disease Intensity and Their Control Efforts of Bacterial Wilt and Anthracnose of Chili in Tanah Datar Regency, West Sumatra
Abstrak: Cabai merah (Capsicum annuum L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultura penting di Indonesia. Permintaan cabai yang tinggi sepanjang tahun baik dari masyarakat maupun industri pangan menuntut produksi dan produktivitas cabai yang stabil. Penanaman cabai masih menghadapi berbagai kendala yang dapat menyebabkan kehilangan hasil, antara lain masalah penyakit layu bakteri oleh Ralstonia solanacearum dan antraknosa Colletotrichum acutatum. Tanah Datar merupakan salah satu daerah yang potensial sebagai penghasil cabai di Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur intensitas penyakit layu bakteri dan antraknosa pada pertanaman cabai merah (C. annuum L.) di Kabupaten Tanah Datar, Sumatera Barat dan menganalisis pengendalian secara kimiawi yang dilakukan petani setempat. Metode penelitian meliputi pengamatan intensitas penyakit di lapangan dan wawancara dengan 40 responden petani menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa insidensi penyakit antraknosa mencapai 100% dan layu bakteri mencapai 60%. Severitas penyakit antraknosa mencapai 86,40%. Intensitas penyakit tersebut dapat menyebabkan kehilangan hasil yang tinggi. Upaya pengendalian penyakit yang dilakukan petani masih mengandalkan metode kimiawi. Sebagian besar 75% petani menggunakan pestisida sintetik secara intensif dan aplikasinya secara terjadwal. Bahan aktif yang paling banyak digunakan petani berturut-turut adalah: propineb 70%, mancozeb 82%, klorotalonil 77%, fluopikolid 62,5 g/l + promakokarb hidroklorida, dan azoksistrobin 200 g/l + difenokonazol 125 g/l., Red chili pepper (Capsicum annuumL.) is one of the important horticultural commodities in Indonesia. The high demand for chili throughout the year from both the public and the food industry demands stable chili production and productivity. Chili cultivation still faces various obstacles that can cause yield loss, including the problem of bacterial wilt disease by Ralstonia solanacearum and fungal anthracnose by Colletotrichum acutatum. Tanah Datar is one of the potential areas as a chili producer in West Sumatra. This study aims to measure the intensity of bacterial wilt and anthracnose on red chili (C. annualL.) in Tanah Datar District, West Sumatra and analysis of the chemical control carried out by local farmers. The research method included observing disease intensity in the field and interviewing 40 farmer respondents using a structured questionnaire. The results showed that the incidence of anthracnose disease reached 100% and bacterial wilt reached 60%. The severity of anthracnose disease reached 86.40%. The intensity of those diseases can cause high yield losses. Disease control efforts by farmers still rely on chemical methods. Most 75% farmers were using synthetic pesticides intensively and the scheduled application. The active ingredients mostly used by farmers were: propineb 70%, mancozeb 82%, chlorothalonil 77%, fluopicollid 62.5 g/l + promacokacarb hydrochloride, and azoxystrobin 200 g/l + diphenoconazole 125 g/l.
Keyword: Colletotrichum acutatum, fungisida sintetik, insidensi penyakit, Ralstonia solanacearum, severitas penyakit, disease incidence, disease severity, synthetic fungicides

Judul: Separation of Neodymium from U3Si2/Al Fuel Plate for Burn-Up Determination
Abstrak: Neodymium is a common fission product produced in nuclear fission reactions. Neodymium in this study was chosen as a burn-up indicator for U3Si2/Al fuel element plates because the neodymium isotope is a stable fission product with a fairly high yield. Some procedures were carried out to separate neodymium, starting with the separation of cesium isotopes (137Cs, 134Cs) through the precipitation method, then separation of uranium isotopes (235U, 238U) and plutonium isotopes (239Pu, 238Pu) with Dowex 1x8 ion exchange resin, and separation of neodymium (Nd), samarium (Sm), as well as cerium (Ce) with Dowex 1x4 ion exchange resin. The Cs recovery reached 99.95%. The U and Pu isotopes resulting from the separation are subjected to an electrodeposition process and the weight of each isotope can be measured with an alpha spectrometer. The separation results of Nd from Sm and Ce have been proven using an XRF spectrometer. The neodymium isotopes separation was corrected using the standard addition method, and an average total Nd content of 2.4 ppm was obtained in the PEB U3Si2/Al bottom solution. It is hoped that this separation method can be applied in determining burn-up of nuclear fuel.
Keyword: neodymium, burn-up indicator, U3Si2/Al fuel plate