Judul: Implementasi Teknik Audio Watermarking dengan Metode Phase Coding
Abstrak: Today, digital data has substituted analog data in various applications. The digital data is easier to make, manipulate and distribute, these are the advantages of the digital data. Otherwise, copyright protection is one of the problems using the digital data. The wider of the use of computer network and technology make digital data easier to distribute illegally at the lower cost and qualified content. This problem could be handled by the digital watermarking, a technology which allows a secret message to be hidden in digital data, without the detection of a user. The watermark is not apparent to the user, and does not affect in any way, the use of the original data. Audio watermarking is the part of digital watermarking. Audio watermarking is the information insertion process to the audio and the extraction process to retrieve the information without influence the audio quality. In this research, implemented audio watermarking to the wav audio data using Phase Coding method that works in the frequency domain. The phase coding method works by substituting the phase of an initial audio segment with a reference phase that represents the watermark data. Phase coding method resulted the PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) value as the quality measurement. Based on the analysis result, the watermarked audio quality using this method is above 30 db and the watermark file can be extracted in the value of BER (Bit Error Rate) = 0%. Phase coding method has passed 5 (five) attacks as an analysis benchmarking, the attacks are resampling, cropping, noise addition, time stretching, and multiple watermark with the same information and also different information. Based on the analysis benchmarking result, phase coding method only robust to the resampling and noise addition attacks. This audio watermarking technique using phase coding method implemented using Matlab 7.0.1
Keyword: 

Judul: Watermarking audio menggunakan metode echo hiding
Abstrak: Currently almost every aspect of life uses computers, causing the heavy use of digital data. There are several factors that cause digital data such as text, images, audio and video are widely used, partly because the data is easily and inexpensively copyed, and then easily stored for further processing, and easily distributed using either disk media or via the Internet. With such convenience is often the case in particular the use of audio digital data of illegal possession of one of the audio data such as counterfeiting or copyright infringement. Digital watermarking is one of the solution that can be used to solve the problem. Audio watermarking is a technique used in insert information or data in to audio media. Extraction can be done without affecting the audio quality. This study uses Echo Hiding watermarking method to audio file wav format. This technique works in the time domain by adding the data in a container with a raised voice signal echo. This research uses PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) to measure the quality of the watermarked audio. From the analysis, the audio quality using this method is above 30 db and files can be extracted watermark with the BER (Bit Error Rate) = 0%. Echo hiding method in this study has successfully passed the resampling attack, the addition of noise, and multiple watermarking with the same watermark and method. Echo hiding method does not make it past cropping attack, time stretching, and multiple watermarking using the same methods and different watermark. Audio watermarking technique using echo hiding method in this study are implemented using Matlab 7.7.0.
Keyword: 

Judul: Trichosanthes (Cucurbitaceae) In Malesia
Abstrak: Trichosanthes L. merupakan marga terbesar yang tergolong dalam suku Cucurbituceae. Marga tersebut beranggotakan sekitar 100 jenis, tersebar di Asia bagian timur, Malesia, Australia tropik sampai ke Fiji. Beberapa jenis anggotanya mempunyai nilai ekonomi sebagai bahan obat tradisional maupun sayuran, bahkan Cina telah mengembangkaa T. kirilowii, guna mendapatkan zat bioaktif yang dapat digunakan untuk menggugurkan kandungan bahkan sebagai bahan anti HIV.
Keyword: