Judul: Estimasi Kerugian Usaha Mikro dan Kecil Akibat Banjir Sungai Pesanggrahan (Studi Kasus Kelurahan Kedoya Selatan dan Rawa Buaya Jakarta Barat)
Abstrak: Flood is a routine thing that happens in Jakarta and it is still difficult to overcome by government. Government has conducted various programs to reduce losses due to flooding, such as Pesanggrahan river normalization. Flooding that occured on 17-19 January 2013 caused much damage to the various groups, both of them were micro scale business and small scale business. This research is expected to be useful for policy recomendation basic in flood mitigation program. The specific purpose of this research were to identify businessman’s perceptions about flood risk, to estimate direct damages and losses valueof businesses unit due to flooding, to predicted the lower losses due to flooding after Pesangrahan normalization program, and to analyze the flood vulnerability in businesses unit. Sampling method used is multistage random sampling and analyzes methode used is Spearman correlation, stage damage function and stage damage curve. Results showed the businessmans generally realize that their business location prone to flooding, however not all have the high desire to do something to mitigate flood risk. Respondent tend to expectfrom government program. Estimation results of total structural damages assessment is Rp 258 908 010 and total losses value is Rp 545 848 100. If normalization program goes well and with the assumption can reduce the average height of flood inundation until 72.72% of previous, then total losses value will decrease to 42%. If it can reduce the average flood duration until 96.84% of previous, then total losses value will decrease to 61%. Results of flood vunerability analysis showed that small scale bussiness units are more vulnerable to flooding, and bussines units located in Rawa Buaya are more vulnerable to flooding if related to the flood duration, whereas bussines units located in Kedoya Selatan are more vulnerable to flooding if related to inudation.
Keyword: stage damage function, flood vulnerablity anlysis, estimation flood losses

Judul: Estimasi Kerugian Ekonomi Akibat Banjir Sungai Pesanggrahan di Pemukiman Kedoya Selatan Jakarta Barat
Abstrak: The overflow of Pesanggrahan river is one of the main cause of flood in Kebon Jeruk area, West Jakarta. It causes loss that affects people in the impacted area. There for, the government has conducted river normalization program. This program needs additional land, thus, residents in the area need to be relocated. Most of people are objected to be relocated, and it becomes serious problem for the program. Based on the explanation, the objective of this research are to study residents’ perception towards Pesanggrahan river flood danger risk, to estimate direct and tangible financial loss value in housing sector, and to identify factors that influence residents’willingness to be relocated. Cross section data is obtained through survey that is conducted to 70 respondents in South Kedoya, and multistage random sampling is applied to choose the respondent from all population. Data analytical method consists of Spearman corelation, Stage Damage Function (SDF) application, and logistic regression analysis. The result shows that there is a weak corelation between people’s perception towards the consecuencies happened in the future, with people’s perception in conducting flood mitigations. Beside that, the loss value that have to be bear by each family in the riverside, and in South Kedoya, during January 17th – 19th, 2013 are IDR 3 936 332 and IDR 4 070 167 288 accordingly. If it was assumed that Pesanggrahan river’s normalization program could decrease flood’s depth up to 50%, so total losses value will decrease to 14 %. Aside that, if it was assumed that this normalization program could decrease flood’s duration up to 50%, so total losses value will decrease to 31 %. The number of respondent who agrees to be relocated is 57.1%, and 42.9% refuses. The factors that affect resident willingness to be relocated are house width and the number of family member.
Keyword: stage damage function, relocation, financial loss, estimation, flood

Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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