Judul: Grouping of Plant Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) Origin of West Java by Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) Markers
Abstrak: Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi di perkebunan kelapa sawit Indonesia adalah masih rendahnya produktivitas dan kualitas kelapa sawit. Adanya populasi kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) yang belum diketahui identitasnya dan masih bertahan sejak zaman penjajahan Belanda diduga memiliki ketahanan terhadap serangan Ganoderma sp sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai indukan baru dalam pemuliaan tanaman untuk peningkatan produktivitas. Seleksi kelapa sawit melalui perakitan varietas unggul secara konvensional memerlukan waktu yang sangat lama. Teknik molekuler merupakan solusi yang tepat, cepat, dan akurat. Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) marker digunakan untuk memperoleh informasi genetik pada penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengelompokkan 58 pohon kelapa sawit yang belum teridentifikasi sebagai informasi awal untuk mencari indukan baru yang berkualitas. Tahapan penelitian dimulai dari isolasi DNA, uji kuantitatif dan kualitatif DNA, penentuan suhu annealing, amplifikasi DNA, hingga konstruksi pohon filogenetik menggunakan metode UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method Arithmatic mean) dengan software NTSYS. DNA hasil isolasi berukuran 12000 bp dengan kualitas pita yang jelas dan terang. Amplifikasi DNA menghasilkan 859 alel dari 6 lokus. Keseluruhan alel menunjukkan polimorfisme yang cukup tinggi yaitu 93% dengan alel heterozigot lebih mendominasi daripada alel homozigot. Antara individu dalam populasi mempunyai nilai koefisien kemiripan bervariasi antara 42%-98%. Seluruh individu dalam populasi kelapa sawit dapat dikelompokkan menjadi dua kelompok besar pada nilai koefisien kemiripan sebesar 65%. Semakin tinggi nilai koefisien kemiripannya maka semakin spesifik pengelompokkan yang terjadi.
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Judul: Analisis Keragaman Genetik Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) Asal Jawa Barat Dengan Penanda RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA)
Abstrak: Genetic diversity study is the way to clustering an individual in a population for various prospect such as plant improvement. Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) in this research are a population of oil palm that still exist since Holland colony and estimate have resistances to Ganoderma sp. Genotype information from those were conducted by RAPD. This research aims to clustering 58 oil palm trees by RAPD method. The research consist of four stages that begin from DNA isolation, DNA amplification, genetic similarity analysis, and construction of phylogenetic tree by UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method Arithmatic Mean) method in NTSYS. The result of DNA isolation were showed good band and 12000 bp in size. The DNA amplification with 20 random primer were resulted 1870 DNA band from 229 locus. About 95% among of them are polymorphic band. Similarity analysis was showed the genetic similarity coeficient value about 69% - 95%. The clustering at genetic similarity coeficient value 76% was divided the population into two big group. The increasing of genetic similarity coeficient value will be obtained more cluster. This genotype information can be used as references in oil palm improvement program
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Judul: Tinjauan Matematis pada Model Makroskopik dan Mikroskopik Arus Lalu-lintas
Abstrak: Traffic flow phenomenon can be described through mathematical model such as continuous dynamic model with an ordinary differential equation so that it can be solved with integral factors. In this paper three simple models of traffic flow are discussed, i.e, two macroscopic and one microscopic models. Macroscopic model formulates dynamics of the traffic flow that occurs on a large number of vehicles on a road. While the microscopic model explains drivers’ behavior in their interaction with other vehicles ahead, i.e, car-following model. This paper shows the existence of ordinary differential equation found in the traffic flow model and indicates some different representations in the context of the same model. It also reviews a simple model of traffic flow along a single link, which leads to some unexpected results, i.e, it can express the solution model in term of link outflows as well as trip time. In the microscopic model, simulation is done to illustrate the behavior of the drivers with a sensitivity coefficient as a benchmark parameter.
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