Judul: Kandungan Vitamin A, Kolcsterol, Lernak dan Profil Asam Lernak Karkas Broiler yang Diberi Tepung Daun Katuk (Sauropus androgvnus L. Merr) &am Ransum
Abstrak: Katuk leaf (Sauropus andvogynus L. Merr) has known as a medicinal plant that can improve breast milk production. The study was designed to evaluate the use of katuk leaf meal in reducing fat and cholesterol in broiler chickens. This experiment is important because broilers contain high fat and cholesterol. The objectives of this experiment were to improve broiler carcass quality with reduced fat and cholesterol and improved vitamin A content in meat and liver. A Completely Randomized Design was used in this study followed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and a Contrast Orthogonal for the statistical analysis. One hundred and sixty unsexed broiler chickens were divided into 4 treatment groups with 4 replications and 10 chickens in each replicate. Four treatment diets were 0%, 5%, 10% and I 5% of katuk leaf meal in the diet. The treatment diets were formulated during grower phase (3-6 weeks) and finisher phase (6-8 weeks). An adaptive period from 2-3 weeks of age was applied before giving the treatment diets. The parameters observed were feed consumption, weight gain, final body weight at 56 days old, feed conversion, vitamin A, cholesterol, fat, abdominal fat, protein, Fe contents and fatty acid profile. The results of this research showed that the feed consumption was not significantly different for all treatment diets. The weight gain and final body weight at 56 days old were highly significantly decreased (P<0.01). The feed conversion was highly significantly improved (P<O. 0 I). The analysis on carcass quality showed that the addition of katuk leaf meal gave better results as compared to that of the control group. Vitamin A content in meat and liver was h e highest when 15% of katuk leaf meal was added in the diet. Meat and liver cholesterol were significantly decreased. The fat content in the carcass decreased up to 28.30% from the control group. The abdominal fat was highIy significantly decreased (P<0.01) but the Fe content in meat and liver was not significantly different than that of the control group. This result showed that katuk leaf meal could reduce the meat and liver cholesterol content as well as the abdominal fat. This results showed that 15% katuk leaf meal in ration gave the best quality of carcass than the other treatment groups because it contained the highest vitamin A, the lowest cholesterol and the lowest abdominal fat.
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Judul: Evaluasi pemberian daun katuk(Sauropus androgynus) dalam ransum terhadap kadar kolesterol kuning telur dan karkas ayam petelur
Abstrak: Katuk leaves (Sauropus androgynus) has been using for many years as a medicinal plant and has a capability to increase milk secretion. Farmers have been using katuk leaves as feed supplement for dairy cattles as to increase milk production. So far, there is no report as to whether katuk leaves have been used in laying hens diet. It is estimated that katuk leaves have physiological effects in the body to prevent the synthesis of bile acid secretion and therefore would decrease the production of cholesterol. The objective of this research is to study the effect of katuk leaves addition in the diet on the level of cholesterol in the egg yolk and carcass of laying hens. Seventy two laying hens at the age of 32 weeks, were divided into 4 treatment groups with 3 replications and 6 laying hens each replications. The laying hens were raised for 24 weeks. The treatments were Control (diet without katuk leaves), T1 (diet with 5% katuk leaves), T2 (diet with 10% katuk leaves), and T3 (diet with 15% katuk leaves). This research was carried out from May 2002 until September 2002 in the Center for Life Sciences Study, Bogor Agricultural University. The experimental design was Completely Randomized Design. The data was analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). and continued with Contrast Orthogonal Test if the treatment were significantly different. It was concluded that katuk leaves could decrease the level of cholesterol in the egg yolk and carcass cholesterol in laying hens. The addition of katuk leaves decreased egg yolk cholesterol significantly as compared to that of the Control. The addition of katuk leaves in the diet also decreased the level of cholesterol in the carcass, except the carcass from T3 group. The feed consumption of the Control, T1 and T2 groups were higher than those fed the T3 diet. The same pattern occurred for the egg production. The best feed conversion were from the groups fed the T3 and the control diet.
Keyword: katuk leaves (Sauropus androgynus), cholesterol, laying hens, egg yolk, carcass

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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