Judul: Pengaruh Pemberian Bahan Pembenah Tanah dan Pupuk Cair terhadap Pembibitan Tanaman Kelapa Sawit pada Ultisol Jasinga
Abstrak: The soil ameliorant of Baode root is an useful microbe for improving the growth of plant. These microbes are classified into types of microbes that can produce PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) substances. The main microbe in Baode soil ameliorant is Bacillus laterosporus. In the soil, this bacteria is very useful to reduce the negative effects of pathogens. The Baode leaf is an organic compounds that contains the growth hormone, which are useful for increasing plant growth by regulating enzymes, improving photosynthesis, and reducing the negative impact of disease on plants. The liquid fertilizer of GD is an of organic compound which has 10% humic material. Humic material is a substance that can be extracted from various types of soil which contains C, N, and S elements higher than its origin material. This research aims to look to the influence of Baode soil ameliorant and GD liquid fertilizer to the oil palm plant nurseries. In this research there were seven treatment groups namely KT, BTSM, BTR, BTSMS, BTRS, GR, GRS. The doses of Baode soil root material was 2 g/l to immerse the seeds and pour directly into the soil and 1 g/l of Baode leaf to spray the leaf. The doses of GD liquid fertilizer was 2 ml/l to immerse the seeds and 1 ml/l to spray the leaf. The basic fertilizers were Urea 0.81 g/polybag, SP18 1.8 g/polybag, and technical KCl 0,4 g/polybag. The media that were used to plant were 11,52 kg/polybag (BKU) of Ultisol Jasinga with 208, 46 g/polybags compost and 42,4 g/polybags lime. The results from the analysis of covariance showed that the treatment from the Baode soil material and GD liquid fertilizer have a significant effect in some of the results that has been analyzed and the parameters that were observed in the field. On the 3 MAP (Month after Planting) yields of crops, BTRS and BTR treatments have the best growth, but when entering the age of 6 MAP the best treatments were found in GR, GRS, BTR, BTRS. The plant growth in the GR treatment practically the best if seen from its height, as seen from the early days of planting. The condition of plant roots during 3 MAP, KT treatment had the best 3 length of roots. This condition changed when the plants were 6 MAP, GRS treatment has the best length of root among other treatments. The highest value of total dry weight of plants at 3 MAP was in BTRS treatment that was 2,25 g/polybag, whereas in 6 MAP was in the GR treatment that was 19,57 g/polybag. The highest value of plant nutrient uptake at 3 MAP was the element of N, P and K contained in the BTRS treatment, while at 6 MAP found in GR treatments. The high values of absorption on these two treatments were because their values on the dry weight were high. This was caused by the effect of the growth hormone on leaf Baode soil material and GD liquid fertilizer and the influence of B. laterosporus that exists on the root Baode soil material
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Judul: Application of PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) and Membrane Bionanomaterials on Rice Germination as Agroforestry Opportunities in Peatlands
Abstrak: Laju degradasi lahan gambut di Indonesia yang semakin tinggi mengakibatkan produktivitas lahan semakin menurun. Hal tersebut berdampak pada pentingnya upaya optimalisasi lahan, salah satunya melalui pengembangan sistem agroforestri, serta pemilihan jenis tanaman adaptif. Padi Dendang merupakan salah satu varietas padi adaptif di lahan gambut. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis sifat tanah gambut yang dimanfaatkan untuk agroforestri, dan pengaruhnya terhadap perkecambahan padi Dendang dengan aplikasi PGPR serta membran bionanomaterials melalui uji in vitro dan in vivo. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah RAL faktorial dua faktor, yakni satu dosis PGPR, dan bionanomaterials (BNMs) yaitu tandan kosong kelapa sawit aktivasi (TA) dan non-aktivasi (TN), serta batang kelapa sawit non-aktivasi (BN) dan lignoselulosa (BL) dengan masing-masing 3 konsentrasi (1%, 3%, dan 5%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pH tanah gambut sangat masam (3,60). Aplikasi PGPR dan BNMs mampu meningkatkan pH, N, P, K, Na, Ca, Mg, dan menurunkan kandungan Al. Pada uji in vitro, aplikasi PGPR berpengaruh nyata terhadap persen hidup, sedangkan BNMs berpengaruh sangat nyata pada kecambah normal dan abnormal, persen hidup, serta tinggi kecambah. Pada uji in vivo PGPR berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap persen hidup benih dan tinggi kecambah, sedangkan BNMs berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap daya kecambah dan potensi tumbuh maksimum., The rate of peatland degradation in Indonesia is getting higher, resulting in lower land productivity. This has an impact on the importance of land optimization efforts, one of which is through the development of agroforestry systems, as well as the selection of adaptive plant species. Dendang rice is one of the adaptive rice varieties in peatlands. This study aims to analyze the properties of peat soil used for agroforestry, and its effect on the germination of Dendang rice with the application of PGPR and membrane bionanomaterials in vitro and in vivo tests. The data analysis used was two-factor factorial RAL, namely one dose of PGPR, and bionanomaterials (BNMs) of namely activated (TA) and non-activated (TN) oil palm empty bunches, and non-activated oil palm trunks (BN). and lignocellulose (BL) with 3 concentrations (1%, 3%, and 5%), respectively. The results showed that the pH of the peat soil was very acidic (3.60). The application of PGPR and BNMs was able to increase pH, N, P, K, Na, Ca, Mg, and decrease Al content. In the in vitro test, PGPR application had a significant effect on the survival rate, while BNMs had a very significant effect on normal and abnormal sprouts, percent survival, and sprout height. In the in vivo test, PGPR had a very significant effect on the percentage of seed survival and germination height, while BNMs had a very significant effect on germination and maximum growth potential.
Keyword: membrane bionanomaterials, peat soil, paddy Dendang, PGPR, germination

Judul: Cycle Hamilton pada Graf Lengkap, Graf Regular, dan Graf 2-Connected 4-Regular Berorder Kurang dari Sepuluh.
Abstrak: Suatu graf disebut graf Hamilton apabila graf tersebut memuat cycle Hamilton, yaitu cycle yang melewati setiap vertex tepat satu kali. Menentukan keberadaan cycle Hamilton pada suatu graf dapat menggunakan syarat cukup yang berupa teorema-teorema yang telah diperkenalkan sejak tahun 1950-an. Beberapa syarat cukup yang dibahas dalam karya ilmiah ini adalah syarat cukup yang berhubungan dengan graf lengkap dan graf regular. ,,,
Keyword: graf Hamilton, graf regular, graf lengkap, graf 2-connected 4-regular.