Judul: Pembuatan Starter dan Silase dari Dedak Padi secara Biologis
Abstrak: Dedak pad! umunya tidak tahan b~la d~srmpan lama, hal !m d~sebabkan karena adanya aktifitas enzim lipase dan peroksidase yang dapat menimbulkan kerusakan dan ketengikan oksidatif pada dedak padi Aktifitas enzirn ini dapat dihambat dengan pernanasan, pengeringan dan diduga dapat dihambat dengan cara silase Silase adalah suatu jenis produk (antka lain produk makanan ternak) yang dihasilkan melalui proses fermentasi hijauan dengan kandungan air yang tinggi. Dalam penelitian ini dedak padi yang akan dibuat silase ditambah dengan air sebanyak 50%, aditif molases, dan starter Kemudian difermentasikan dalam suhu kamar Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap Aditif srlase yang akan digunakan adalah molases, starter bakteri I.. plu~rcur~~darn staner bakteri I.. 1ucrr.s Penentuan konsentrasi bakteri mumi I.. piu~~~umdarnn 1 .. lucrr.~ terbaik. dengan eara mengukur pH dedak padi yang telah ditarnbahkan dengan rnasingnlasing bakteri tersebut (dengan konsentrasi 1%. 2 5% dan 5%) dan air 50% selanjutnya disimpzn selama 2 min H dari penambahan konsentrasi bakteri murni I.. plu~~tun~m rnasing-masing 4.03, 3 9 01 pH dari penambahan bakteri I.. lucrrs masing-masing 4 05, 4 01, 4 04. Dengan menggunakan pH 4 2 sebagai indikasi maka diperoleh bahwa dengan penambahan !.. plufrtur~rrn 2 5% dan I.. lacrr.~ 2 5% dengan waktu fermentasi 2 minggu dapat menurunkan pH sampai 3 97 dan 4 0 1 )
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Judul: Evaluasi Kualitas Kimia Silase Dedak Padi selama Penyimpanan
Abstrak: Dedak padi merupakan salah satu hasil ikutan penggilingan padi yang banyak digunakan sebagai bahan pakan ternak akan tetapi produksinya sangat tergantung pada musim panen. Produksi padi pada musim panen melimpah sehingga produksi dedak padi juga akan meningkat sedangkan pada musim tanam produksi dedak padi akan menurun. Meskipun jumlah produksi dedak padi terus meningkat, jumlah ini masih belum dapat memenuhi kebutuhan ternak terkait dengan sangat mudahnya dedak padi menjadi rusak. Dedak padi sangat sulit disimpan dalam pada suhu kamar dan kondisi aerob dikarenakan beberapa hal. Penyimpanan dalam kondisi aerob akan memungkinkan terjadinya proses oksidasi dan enzimatis sehingga dedak akan cepat tengik. Kontaminan seperti jamur dan serangga mudah menyerang pada penyimpanan dedak padi secara aerob. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perubahan kimia dan biologi silase dedak padi yang disimpan selama 12 minggu dalam kondisi an aerob. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial (4x3) dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor A dedak perlakuan yang terdiri atas (P1) = Kontrol, (P2) = Silase Dedak Padi tanpa BAL, (P3) = Silase Dedak Padi dengan BAL, (P4) = P2 yang dikeringkan; faktor B adalah lama penyimpanan 0 minggu, 6 minggu, dan 12 minggu. Perlakuan P4 dikeringkan di bawah sinar matahari selama 3-4 hari sampai kadar air 12 %. Pembuatan silase dedak padi P2, P3, dan P4 dilakukan selama 3 minggu kemudian semua perlakuan disimpan selama 12 minggu.
Keyword: aerobic conditions, animal feeding, oxidation process, chemical changes, biological changes, completely randomized design

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite