Judul: Teori Dinamika Sosial-Ekonomi Ibnu Khaldun: Analisis Terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan di Indonesia
Abstrak: Amanat Pembukaan UUD 1945 menyebutkan bahwa tujuan negara diantaranya adalah melindungi segenap bangsa Indonesia, seluruh tumpah darah Indonesia dan mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa. Kemiskinan tidak saja disebabkan faktor ekonomi, namun dipengaruhi aspek multidimensional. Dengan mengacu teori dinamika sosial-ekonomi yang disusun Umer Chapra berdasarkan pemikiran Ibnu Khaldun, penelitian ini bertujuan melihat pengaruh pengeluaran pemerintah bidang pendidikan dan kesehatan, PDRB per kapita, investasi pemerintah, indeks pembangunan manusia, rasio gini, dan pembiayaan syariah terhadap tingkat kemiskinan di Indonesia. Berdasarkan analisis data panel meliputi data dari 33 provinsi di Indonesia periode 2014-2018 ditemukan bahwa variabel pengeluaran pemerintah pada bidang pendidikan dan kesehatan serta indeks pembangunan manusia memiliki pengaruh yang negatif signifikan terhadap tingkat kemiskian di Indonesia sedangkan variabel pertumbuhan PDRB per kapita, investasi pemerintah, rasio gini, dan pembiayaan syariah tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan.
Keyword: Dinamika Sosial Ekonomi, Ibnu Khaldun, Kemiskinan, Regresi Data Panel

Judul: The Influence of Social Assistance on  Poverty in Indonesia (2015-2019 Year Period), The Influence of Social Assistance on Poverty in Indonesia (2015-2019 Year Period)
Abstrak: Salah satu tujuan negara Indonesia adalah memajukan kesejahteraan umum. Kesejahteraan umum masyarakat dapat diukur dengan angka kemiskinan. Jumlah penduduk miskin di Indonesia sebagian besar berasal dari pedesaan dimana pengeluaran penduduk miskin di pedesaan terus meningkat. Sedangkan di perkotaan memiliki masalah ketimpangan sedang. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan bantuan dari pemerintah untuk meringankan beban pengeluaran penduduk miskin di pedesaan dan mengurangi ketimpangan di perkotaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis teori, dinamika, kendala, dan pengaruh bantuan sosial terhadap kemiskinan di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan adalah data 23 Provinsi di Indonesia dengan periode tahun 2015-2019. Metode analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu analisis deskriptif dan metode regresi data panel dengan pendekatan Fixed Effect Model (FEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah penerima bantuan jaminan kesehatan nasional (PBI-JKN) memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kemiskinan di Indonesia. Faktor lain yang signifikan memengaruhi kemiskinan di Indonesia adalah rasio gini dan tingkat pengangguran terbuka. Namun, pengeluaran bantuan sosial dan PDRB tidak signifikan memengaruhi kemiskinan di Indonesia. Kata Kunci: Bantuan sosial, data panel, fixed effect model, kemiskinan, PBI-JKN, The Influence of Social Assistance on Poverty in Indonesia (2015-2019 Year Period). Supervised by MUHAMMAD FINDI. One of the goals of the Indonesian state is to promote public welfare. The general welfare of the community can be measured by the poverty rate. The number of poor people in Indonesia mostly comes from rural areas where the expenditure of the poor in rural areas continues to increase. Meanwhile, urban areas have a moderate inequality problem. Therefore, assistance from the government is needed to ease the expenditure burden of the rural poor and reduce inequality in urban areas. This study aims to analyze the theory, dynamics, constraints and effects of social assistance on poverty in Indonesia. The data used is data from 23 provinces in Indonesia with the period 2015-2019. The analysis method used in this research is descriptive analysis and panel data regression method with the Fixed Effect Model (FEM). The results showed that the number of recipients of national health insurance (PBI-JKN) had a negative and significant effect on poverty in Indonesia. Other factors that significantly influence poverty in Indonesia are the gini ratio and the open unemployment rate. However, spending on social assistance and PDRB does not significantly affect poverty in Indonesia. Keywords: Social assistance, panel data, fixed effect model, poverty, PBI-JKN
Keyword: Social assistance, panel data, fixed effect model, poverty, PBI-JKN

Judul: Development of DNA Vaccine Encoding Glycoprotein of Koi Herpes Virus Using Local Isolate.
Abstrak: The aim of this research was to develop DNA vaccine of Koi Herpesvirus in carp. Glycoprotein gene originated from ORF 25 KHV virus that is 1.8 kbp in size, is a potential gene in DNA vaccine construction. The sequencing and similarity analysis of the gene using BLAST software showed that this gene is a GP25 gene and was found to be very similar (99%) to GP25 of KHV virus from the USA and Israel. When this GP25 gene was ligated with pGEMT Easy (pT, 3 kbp in size) vector, plasmid size was increasing up to 5 kb. Following this, a digestion of pT-GP25 plasmid using Sal I enzyme was applied resulted in a GP25 fragment (1.8 kbp). Subsequently, pAct-D6 with a size of 8.5 kbp was also cut using the same enzyme to eleminate a D6 gene with a size of 1.6 kbp. GP25 gene was then ligated with pAct resulted a pAct-GP25 plasmid with a size of 8.8 kbp. As there was only one restriction site applied, ligation can be occurred in two different directions. Thus, in order to determine the plasmid with the desired direction PCR analysis was carried out, and plasmid with the right direction was the one that sized approximately 2.1 kbp (no. 6, 17 and 20). High level of GFP gene expression was detected in all tissues analyzed, i.e. kidney, gil, spleen, and muscle 24 hours after injection which indicated that β-actin promoter of Japanese medaka could be active in common carp. Although not as high as on 24 hours, expression was still detected until day 7 and disappeared after day 28 post injection indicating that pAct-GFP can be remained and β-actin promoter of Japanese medaka can be active in muscle, gills and kidney at least a week after injection. The result of RT-PCR analysis on pAct-GP25 injected common carp showed that GP25 gene expression can be detected 14 days after injection in all tissues observed. The expression level differences between GFP and GP25 genes possibly related to the primer sensitivity on annealing process to cDNA template and the size of PCR targeted DNA fragment, as smaller PCR targeted product will be easier to be amplified than a bigger one. The length of PCR targeted DNA with GP25 primer was 1.8 kbp whereas GFP gene was 0.6 kbp.The challenge test on common carp results showed that all unvaccinated and negative control (not infected with KHV) was alive until the end of the experiment. Whereas, the survival of fish vaccinated with a dose of 12.5 was ranged from 60.9 and 96.7%. In relation to the activity of β-actin promoter that was used in this DNA vaccine, gene expression was occured 24 hours after vaccination and remained until 2 weeks. The control fish that was not injected by GP25 showed no GP25 expression either in the observed tissues or organs and resulted in a lower survival, i.e. 23.3%. The challenge test results has indicated that the fish vaccinated with GP25 at doses of 7.5 and 12.5 μg/100μL were able to produce KHV glycoprotein in their body which would be
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