Judul: Perubahan Kelembagaan dan Kesejahteraan Petani Pasca Reclaim (Kasus Organisasi Tani Lokal Pasawahan II, Desa Pasawahan, Kecamatan Banjarsari, Kabupaten Ciamis, Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: Reclaiming is an action to get an equity of community right. Reclaiming mostly called an anarchic movement. Reclaiming divided by three step, pre reclaiming, reclaiming, and post reclaiming. The focus of this research is the post reclaiming step. The objective of this research is to analyze agricultural organization of land distribution, inter-farmer relationship, and land certification process in Organisasi Tani Lokal Pasawahan II, Ciamis. Another objective is to analyze the level of farmer social welfare who joined in Organisasi Tani Lokal Pasawahan II after they got the land. The research applied a combination of qualitative and quantitative approach. The quantitative data were collected by using survey method on 40 sample. The sample were selected by using stratified random sampling based on they extensive land. The qualitative data were collected by in-depth interview, Focus Group Discussion and observation. The respondent were selected by using snowball method. The output of this research showed that level of community health is low. This is showed by a fact that majority of farmer just have a tight land and low level of community income. In addition, there is a low of organization. Transferred of land inter member showed a weak control and rules from this organization.
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Judul: Dampak Landreform Dari Bawah (By Leverage), Dan Arah Transfer Manfaat Dalam Kebijakan Program Pembaruan Agraria Nasional (Studi Kasus Organisasi Tani Lokal Banjaranyar Ii Desa Banjaranyar Dan Organisasi Tani Lokal Pasawahan Ii Desa Pasawahan Kecamatan Banjarsari, Kabupaten Ciamis, Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: To create an equity land structure, it’s necessary to change the agrarian structure to increase community wealth. It called landreform. The purpose of this research was to identification land conflict, processes in implementation landreform by leverage, implementation of National Agrarian Reform Program (PPAN), and trajectories of change and reform in land policies in OTL Banjaranyar II and OTL Pasawahan II. The number of respondents in this research were 30 people for each OTL with stratified random sampling. In general, the implementation of land occupation at these place called landreform by leverage integration (at OTL Banjaranyar II) and annexation (at OTL Pasawahan II) type. National Agrarian Reform Program was implemented at Banjaranyar, whereas at Pasawahan it still on process. Impelentation of landreform by leverage and the National Agrarian Reform Program gave social impact, the change of agrarian structure and wealth for people at these place. The trajectories of change and reform in land policies is redistribution.
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Judul: Enhancement of photon absorbtion on BaxSr1-xTiO3 thin films semiconductor using photonic crystals.
Abstrak: In this research, has been conducted BaxSr1-xTiO3 (BST) thin films manufacturing for mole fraction x = 0.25, 0.35, 0.45, and 0.55; and concentration of 1 molar using chemical solution depositon (CSD) method. The materials, which are used in this research, are barium acetate [Ba(CH3COO)2, 99%], strontium acetate [Sr(CH3COO)2, 99%], titanium isopropoxide [Ti(C12O4H28), 97.999%], gallium trioxide [Ga2O3], 2-methoxyethanol [H3COOCH2CH2OH, 99%] and 1 x 1 cm of transparent conductive oxide (TCO) glass as substrate. Two BST thin films are made that for BST thin films which are doped by 10% galium (BGST) as p-type layer and pure BST solution as n-type. BST solution is made by reacting barium acetate [Ba(CH3COO)2, 99%], strontium acetate [Sr(CH3COO)2, 99%] and titanium isopropoxide [Ti(C12O4H28)] into 2-methoxyethanol solvent [H3COOCH2CH2OH, 99%] in accordance with mass gram for each x value. While, BGST solution is made in the same way as BST solution, plus adding gallium at 10% of the mass of BST. Once all materials are reacted, then vibrated using ultrasonic for 90 minutes, and followed by coating BGST / BST on the TCO substrate. Once the layer is formed, then annealed for 15 hours at temperature of 500 °C with increasing rate of 1.67 oC/minute. Characterizations of BST thin films with or without photonic crystals include the absorbance and transmittance in the visible light spectrum, as well as the electrical photoconductivity characterizations. From BST thin films without photonic crystals indicate that our thin films have light absorption area on almost the entire range of the visible light spectrum even to the infrared range with absorption value over than 67.6%, in addition, it can be seen that the maximum absorbance of BST thin films for all mole fractions lie in blue to green light spectrum region, 457 nm ≤ λ ≤ 570 nm and the minimum in yellow to red light spectrum region, 570 nm ≤ λ ≤ 678 nm. The largest absorbance is found at x = 0.25 with average absorbance value of 92.04% and maximum and minimum absorbance peaks at wavelength of 500.89 and 657.72 nm, respectively. At x = 0.35, average absorbance value decreased to 83.55% with maximum and minimum peaks at 505.73 and 613.68 nm, respectively. Then increased to 91.16% at x = 0.45 with maximum and minimum peaks at 506.04 and 618.56 nm, respectively. At x = 0.55, average absorbance value decreased to 80.12% with maximum and minimum peaks at 507.85 and 608.79 nm, respectively. Moreover, it can be seen that the addition of barium mole fraction leads to wider maximum absorbance or minimum transmittance peaks and narrower minimum absorbance or maximum transmittance peaks in the same range of the green and blue & red light spectrums, respectively. BST thin films with photonic crystals show increasing in absorption for all x values in the range of 3.04 into 13.33%. At x = 0.25, average absorbance percentage increased 3.96% from 92.4 into 95.68%, for x = 0.35 average percentage increased 7.07% into 89.45 from 83.55%. Furthermore, average absorbance of BST thin films at x = 0.45 increased 3.04% from 91.16 into 93.93% and x = 0.55 has
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