Judul: Resource allocation in sabah rice farming
Abstrak: This study was based on data obtained from a random sample of farms in Kota Marudu, Kota Belud and Tuaran districts. The main objective of the study was to analyze the 1978 economic organization of farms in the area with respect to three input categories: Land, human labour and current expenditures. It vas hypothised that farm resources were not efficiently used. The results of the study indicate that, by using the then present method of production, resources had not been utilized in the optimum combination. Too little current expenditures had been incurred and too much human labour had been utilized. Fara size should be increased, and necessary changes in the input combination need to be made, if more profitable farm operation is desired. It was concluded that the optimum input combination to attain maximum profit should not be recommended, as long as there is no possibility of finding other uses for the released farm labour. Hence, based on this conclusion, the importance of balanced economic growth, implicating the efficient use of resources, in both secters of agriculture and industry is phasized.
Keyword: Oryza;, Cereals;, Rice production;, Bogor Agricultural University;

Judul: Rice farming efficiency in indonesia rice production central: stochastic metafrontier production function approach
Abstrak: Productivity and efficiency is needed to attain rice self sufficency. However, productivity at both national and provincial tends to be at leveling off level. This is closed related to technical, allocative, and economic efficiency as the main issues of this research. To answer these issues, this study aimed at analyzing rice production efficiency using stochastic metafrontier production and stochastic inefficiency frontier. This study utilized PATANAS data from PSE-KP. The number of observation was 592. The result imply that land and seed were very essential in every province while other input had various influence to production. All provinces had achieved high technical efficiency (more than 0.8 especially West Java more than 0.9). However, if it was compared with national potential, there was still technological gap which revealed that room to increase efficiency (28.84%) was still high. Quality of seed and land ownership status is very influential to efficiency. Almost all provinces got lower allocative efficiency than technical efficiency so that profit maximum couldn’t be reached. As policy implication, government need to support land expansion, seed innovation, irrigation system rehabilitation and to revise output and input price policy so that farmer welfare can be increased. Land expansion can be realized by increasing land rent access through land market policy and reducing the number of farmer as farm manager through making available of non farms job opportunity. Besides that, it is needed reorientation from production to profit oriented through minimum profit policy. Hence, rice self sufficiency can be maintained without push farmer welfare away. In very long run period, technology breakthrough especially in seed which adaptive for different season is very important.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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