Judul: The Influence of Usury Knowledge and Debt Decisions on Economic Pressure of Bank Emok Customer Families
Abstrak: Keputusan dalam keluarga didasarkan pada pengetahuan keluarga. Pengambilan keputusan berutang memengaruhi sistem keluarga salah satunya tekanan ekonomi keluarga. Secara umum, penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik keluarga, pengetahuan riba, karakteristik pinjaman, dan keputusan berutang terhadap tekanan ekonomi keluarga nasabah Bank Emok. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif cross sectional study melalui wawancara kuesioner terstruktur dengan melibatkan 120 keluarga nasabah Bank Emok yang telah dipilih menggunakan simple random sampling. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan riba istri termasuk dalam kategori tinggi dan tekanan ekonomi keluarga berada dalam kategori rendah hingga sedang. Karakteristik pinjaman pada Bank Emok berhubungan negatif signifikan dengan tekanan ekonomi keluarga. Hasil uji model regresi linear berganda secara umum menemukan usia suami dan lama pendidikan suami berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap tekanan ekonomi serta dimensi risiko pengambilan keputusan berutang dan mekanisme kehadiran berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap tekanan ekonomi keluarga., Decisions in the family are based on family knowledge. Debt decision affects the family system, one of which is family economic pressure. In general, this study analyzes the effect of family characteristics, usury knowledge, loan characteristics, and debt decisions on the economic pressures of Bank Emok customers families. The research was conducted using a quantitative cross-sectional study approach through structured questionnaire interviews involving 120 families of Bank Emok customers who had been selected using simple random sampling. The results show that the wife's usury knowledge is included in the high category and the family’s economic pressure is in the low to moderate category. Loan characteristics at Bank Emok have a significant negative relationship with family economic pressure. The results of the test of the multiple linear regression model generally found that the husband's age and the husband's education had a significant negative effect on economic pressures as well as the risk dimension of debt decision-making and the mechanism of presence had a significant positive effect on family economic pressures.
Keyword: Bank Emok, debt decision-making, economic pressure, usury knowledge

Judul: Tekanan Ekonomi dan Pengambilan Keputusan Berutang pada Keluarga Nasabah Bank Keliling/Bank Emok
Abstrak: Kondisi ekonomi yang sulit seringkali memaksa keluarga untuk berutang kepada bank keliling/bank emok. Penelitian ini secara umum menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik keluarga, karakteristik pinjaman, tekanan ekonomi sebelum berutang, dan pengambilan keputusan berutang terhadap tekanan ekonomi setelah berutang. Secara khusus, penelitian ini membedakan tekanan ekonomi sebelum dan setelah berutang. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah retrospektif dan cross sectional study dengan melibatkan 60 istri nasabah bank keliling/bank emok yang dipilih secara simple random sampling. Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan terdapat hubungan positif signifikan antara tekanan ekonomi objektif sebelum berutang dengan pengambilan keputusan berutang. Pengambilan keputusan berutang berhubungan positif signifikan dengan tekanan ekonomi objektif dan subjektif setelah berutang. Tekanan ekonomi setelah berutang lebih tinggi dibandingkan sebelum berutang. Hasil uji terhadap enam model regresi menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi tekanan ekonomi objektif sebelum berutang dan semakin besar alasan berutang maka semakin tinggi tekanan ekonomi setelah berutang., Difficult economic conditions often force families to borrow money from bank keliling/bank emok. This study analyzes the effect of family characteristics, debt characteristics, economic pressure before debt, and debt decision making on economic pressure after debt. In particular, this study distinguishes economic pressures before and after debt. The research design used is a retrospective and cross-sectional study involving 60 wives of customers of bank keliling/bank emok selected by simple random sampling. The results of the correlation test show that there is a significant positive relationship between objective economic pressure before debt and debt decision making. Debt decision making is significantly positively related to objective and subjective economic pressure after debt. The economic pressure after debt is higher than before debt. Test results on six regression models show that the higher objective economic pressure before debt and the greater reason for debt, the higher economic pressure after debt.
Keyword: bank keliling/bank emok, debt decision making, economic pressure

Judul: Sintesis Flavonol melalui 2’-Hidroksikalkon
Abstrak: Flavonol is a class of flavonoids commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Flavonol is very useful, especially in food sector and health. In this study, flavonol unsubstituted was successfully synthesized from an intermediate material 2’-hydroxychalcone. The 2’-hydroxychalcone was synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation method between o-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde using 4 different catalysts, namely KOH 60%, solid pellet of KOH-grinding technique, BF3-Et2O, and NaH in DMF. The KOH 60% was the best catalyst, giving the highest yield (57%). Afterward, the flavonol was synthesized in 1-stage oxidation cyclization of o-hydroxyacetophenone using Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction, giving 76%. The flavonol total yield from 2’-hydroxychalcone was 43%. All synthesized products were characterized by their melting points and their spectra. The success of the synthesis flavonol opens the way to synthesis of useful flavonol derivatives such as quercetin and kaempferol.
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