Judul: The influence of high yielding variety utilization on efficiency, income and income distribution of corn farmer at Gorontalo Province
Abstrak: The research aims to: (1) analyze the influence of high yielding variety utilization on farming feasibility, technological feasibility and income structure, (2) analyze the influence of high yielding variety utilization on efficiency and factors influencing corn farmer inefficiency, (3) analyze the influence of high yielding variety utilization on income of corn farmer household, (4) analyze the influence of high yielding variety utilization on income distribution of corn farmer household. The research is conducted in Gorontalo Province, which is in Boalemo and Pohuwato Districts of Gorontalo Regency. Random sampling method is used in the research with 355 samples of farmer household. Using R/C ratio analysis, the change in technology utilization can be evaluated with simple partial budget analysis; whereas losses and gains analysis is used to evaluate the feasibility of changing on variety utilization using Cobb-Douglas’s stochastic frontier. In addition, allocative and economic efficiency are analyzed using input approach, and gini ratio is used to find out the income distribution of corn farmer household. Research results: (1) the change on variety technology by using new high yielding variety has produced additional profit for corn farmers; therefore the farming is feasible to be introduced, (2) the use of new high yielding variety is more efficient than the old variety. Factors causing technical inefficiency are year of education, membership in farmer group, access to credit and agriculture extension, (3) the use of new high yielding variety has significant and positive impact on income improvement of corn farming, (4) the change on technology, in this case, new high yielding variety, does not immediately shock income distribution due to activities shift in corn farmer household. Implication for policy, among others: (1) improvement on efficiency can be done through enhancement of farming management, either technical management or farmer’s managerial capability, (2) the availability of and access to job opportunity outside corn farming (especially non-agriculture) are needed through facilities and infrastructures support, and improvement on worker’s capacity to accelerate diversification and to increase income of small farmer household, (3) the availability of and access to field with supporting capital for the adoption of technology to increase corn farming and income of farmer household in aggregate. The availability of and access to job opportunity outside corn farming and non-agriculture are important instruments to increase farmer household’s income.
Keyword: high yielding variety, efficiency, income, income distribution

Judul: The impact of the implementation of technology and land ownership on rice farming efficiency and income in the Province of South Sulawesi
Abstrak: The research was aimed to: 1) identify the factors affecting farmer decision making on the selection of rice variety, 2) analyze production factors composition, cost and income of new high yield rice variety farming, 3) evaluate technical efficiency level of new high yield rice variety (NHYRV) and it’s older version (OHYRV) and factors affecting them, and 4) examine the effect of land ownership status on input level, productivity, income and technical efficiency. The research was conducted at the District of Pinrang, Soppeng, and Bone, which were selected purposively based on their role in rice production in South Sulawesi. 293 farmers who plant new high rice variety and 72 farmers who plant older version of rice variety were selected as respondents. Farming Analysis with Logit and Stochastic Frontier Production Function were employed in this research. The results indicates that: 1) farmer decision on selecting the rice variety to be plant was determined by their formal education and the number of family members. The value of predicted probability in implementing New High Yield Rice Variety was relatively high indicates farmer willing to plant the New High Yield Rice Variety also high. 2) There was no significant differences in input level (except for seed, phonska, liquid insecticide), cost, productivity, and income between NHYRV and OHYRV. 3) There was no significant differences in input level, cost, productivity, and income between share tenant OHYRV farmer and owner OHYRV farmer. 4) There was no significant differences in input level, cost, productivity, and income between share tenant NHYRV farmer and owner NHYRV farmer 5) Seed, urea, phonska and the number of family labor were positively affecting productivity of rice farming OHYRV. 6) Seed, ZA, SP-36, liquid insecticide and the number of commercial labor were positively affecting productivity of rice farming NHYRV. 7) Technical efficiency of NHYRV was higher than OHYRV. 8) Technical efficiency of share tenant OHYRV farmer was higher than owner OHYRV farmer. 9) Technical efficiency of share tenant NHYRV farmer was higher than owner NHYRV farmer.
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Judul: Kombinasi algoritma sha 1 dan algoritma rsa untuk membentuk tanda tangan digital
Abstrak: Tanda tangan digital termasuk ke dalam teknik kriptografi yang memanfaatkan teknologi kunci publik (enkripsi asimetris). Tanda tangan digital dapat dibuat dengan mengkombinasikan teknik hashing (untuk membentuk message digest dari pesan asli) dan enkripsi asimetris (untuk membentuk kunci publik dan kunci privat). Teknik hashing yang digunakan adalah teknik rashing satu arah dengan menggunakan algoritma SHA 1, sedangkan algoritma RSA digunakan untuk enkripsi asimetris Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari, menganalisis, dan mengimplementasikan pembentukan dan verifikasi tanda tangan digital menggunakan dua metode, yaitu dengan mengkombinasikan algoritma SHA 1 dan algoritma RSA dan dengan menggunakan algoritma RSA saja. Analisis yang dilakukan pada kedua algoritma ini meliputi analisis algoritma, dan analisis hasil implementasi. Analisis terhadap algoritma SHA | menunjukkan bahwa algoritma ini memiliki kompleksitas O(n) untuk kasus terburuk. Sedangkan untuk pembentukan kunci publik dan kunci privat dengan algoritma RSA diperlukan beberapa algoritma pendukung, yaitu algoritma Miller Rabin, Witness, Euclid, dan Extended Euclid. Semua algoritma pendukung tersebut memiliki kompleksitas waktu yang sama, yaitu O(k), dengan adalah panjang representasi bit bilangan bulat. Kompleksitas waktu yang didapatkan untuk proses pembentukan tanda tangan digital dengan kedua metode ini adalah sama yaitu O(nk). Untuk proses verifikasi, kompleksitas waktu yang didapatkan dengan menggunakan kombinasi dua algoritma adalah O(1 + k) dan untuk algoritma RSA adalah O(n + k). Pada proses pembentukan tanda tangan digital menggunakan kombinasi dua algoritma yang ditandatangani adalah message digest yang dihasilkan oleh algoritma SHA 1, sedangkan pada algoritma RSA yang ditandatangani adalah pesan itu sendiri. Dari hasil implementasi didapatkan untuk proses pembentukan tanda tangan digital menggunakan kombinasi dua algoritma lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan menggunakan algoritma RSA saja untuk file-file yang berukuran besar, dst
Keyword: Tnda Tangan Digital, Teknik Kriptografi, Enskripsi Asimetris