Judul: Analisis kesediaan membayar (willingness to pay) secara pra-upaya terhadap peningkatan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan masyarakat di kabupaten Lombok Barat
Abstrak: Sistem pembayaran pra-upaya merupakan suatu upaya untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pembiayaan kesehatan dalam rangka peningkatan kualitas dan pemerataan pelayanan kesehatan. Di Indonesia, sistem pembayaran ini dikembangkan dalam bentuk kelembagaan JPKM (Jaminan Pemeliharaan Kesehatan Masyarakat). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pilihan dan kesediaan membayar (willingness to pay/WTP) masyarakat Kabupaten Lombok Barat terhadap sistem pembayaran ini serta kelembagaannya.
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Judul: Kajian Mekanisme Pembayaran Jasa Lingkungan Penyediaan Sumberdaya Air (Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Lombok Barat dan Kota Mataram, Nusa Tenggara Barat)
Abstrak: The springs at the upper Jangkok watersheds are the supplier of clean water for West Lombok District, Mataram City and some areas in Central Lombok District society. Sesaot forest area are the headwaters of Jangkok watershed. Most of their area has been managed by farm-forest society with Community Forest Management system (CFM). There are many problems in Jangkok watershed area, such as land degradation, many potential damage of biophysical aspects and institutional aspects of forest community groups, a decreasing of springs number and the lowering of average water debit at Jangkok river, landsliding, erosion, sedimentation and water crisis threathening as the result of water debit decreases and water demand increases. The upstream society as a service providers had been required to protect the land cover and the same time they are has had their lives on. Downstream society in Mataram City utilizing the environment services of water through PDAM. The downstream society moval for water preciousness, which should be used as economic goods, and payments for the upstream society who preserves watersheds in the catchment area, known as the payment for environmental services (PES) mechanism. An efforts in West Lombok District, supported by local regulation West Lombok District No. 4/2007 about management of environmental services for water utilization and tourism, is a form of payment for environmental services mechanisms. Payment for environmental services mechanisms was a new scheme in Indonesia. For further application, learning is needed for the involved parties, each stakeholder role, law enforcement, regulations and agreements along with the stakeholder succesfullness at the field. This performances included the field realities and each party benefits. The data had been collected by triangulation method : interview, field observation and documents tracking. Stakeholder analysis method and qualitative descriptive analysis had been used for data analysis. Stakeholder which are involved in PES mechanism for water resources supply in West Lombok District and Mataram City identified as many as 18 stakeholder. PES mechanisms for water resources supply in West Lombok District and Mataram City managed by IMP and it has a legal basis. It is counted as pure PES. Its fulfill five criteria there are voluntary transaction, well-defined environmental service, a buyer and provider of environmental services, and environmental services provider secures environmental service provision.
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Judul: Effects of Alcohol Consumption on Spatial Memory Performance and Neuron Complexity
Abstrak: Alcoholic beverages have always been a common drink all around the globe. The ethanol that is contained inside these alcoholic beverages have been known to have various negative side effects to the brain if consumed excessively. Other articles have claimed a certain moderate amount of alcohol consumption could have beneficial effects on the brain, but no exact concentration limit of consumption has been elaborated to cause damage in the hippocampal area. The objective of this research is examining the effects of alcohol towards neuron complexity and spatial memory performance. Four groups of mice were used as test subjects and were given the solution pre-orally. The first group is the control group which is given water, the second group was given 5% alcohol, the third group was given 15% alcohol, and the fourth group was given commercially sold alcoholic beverage. The mice were given said solutions in the span of 30 days. Spatial memory performance is observed by how a mice scores inside a Y-maze in the span of 5 minutes after 30 days of treatment. Neuron complexity is determined by the number of intersections of dendrites and the maximum angle of neurons inside the Dentate Gyrus (DG) and Cornu Ammonis (CA) region of the hippocampus which is observed by Golgi-Cox staining, photographed with optilab and then analyzed using the ImageJ application. alcohol consumption does not have any significant effect on spatial memory performance nor neuron complexity in the hippocampal area. These findings are not significantly different than the control group, possibly because the treatment is not chronic enough to trigger a significant physiological change.
Keyword: Ethanol, spatial memory, complexity, hippocampus