Judul: Teknik biakan Babesia canis secara in vitro dengan konsentrasi serum 40 persen
Abstrak: Penggunaan sistem kultur in vitro sangat berpotensi dimasa mendatang. Akan tetapi potensi ini dipengaruhi oleh faktor individu, institusi, aspek komersial, dan inovasi untuk meneliti dan mengeksploitasi protokol yang ada. Keterbatasan tersebut dapat diminimalkan dengan mempelajari teknik pemupukan Babesia canis (B. canis) secara in vitro untuk kondisi Indonesia. Penggunaan desinfektan (alkohol 70%) pada peralatan kultur sebelum, pada saat dan sesudah bekerja (setelah prosedur standar lainnya diterapkan) merupakan prosedur sterilisasi yang cukup vital dan harus dilaksanakan untuk kondisi Indonesia. Eritrosit terinfeksi B. canis dikoleksi dari darah anjing yang displenektomi. Parasit yang diisolasi dibiakkan secara in vitro dengan media RPMI-1640 dan 40% serum anjing normal, dan diinkubasikan dengan kadar CO2 5% pada suhu 37°C. Pemupukan dapat dipertahankan selama 16 hari dengan prosentase eritrosit berparasit (PPE) tertinggi 8.5145% pada hari pertama pemupukan. Pada kultur awal, parasit tumbuh dengan baik dan PPE meningkat dari 3.888% menjadi 8.5145% setelah 24 jam. Setelah 48 jam, PPE turun menjadi 5.42967%. Konsentrasi serum 40% dapat dipakai sebagai pilihan untuk pembiakan jangka panjang B. canis dengan pertumbuhan yang stabil bila diimbangi dengan penerapan teknik aseptik yang baik dan benar.
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Judul: Perkembangan Babesia canis in vitro pada konsentrasi serum 10
Abstrak: Babesia canis penyebab Babesiosis pada anjing didapatkan dari sel darah merah anjing lokal yang terinfeksi secara alami yang telah di splenektomi. Parasit ini dapat dikembangbiakkan secara in vitro dalam media RPMI 1640 dengan konsentrasi serum 10% yang diikubasikan pada suhu 37°C dengan kadar CO2 5%. Peningkatan jumlah eritrosit berparasit terjadi setelah dilakukannya subkultur pertama, peningkatan optimal terjadi pada subkultur keempat dengan jumlah eritrosit berparasit mencapai 5.28±0.19%, akan tetapi jumlah parasit mengalami penurunan pada subkultur kelima hingga mencapai 1.56 ± 0.22%. Bentuk morfologi B. canis dalam media kultur mempunyai kesamaan dengan yang ditemukan pada darah perifer.
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Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite