Judul: Faktor – Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Usaha Ternak Sapi Potong di Desa Mangkai Lama Kecamatan Lima Puluh Kabupaten Batubara Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Abstrak: Farming system is a process of combining the factor of production such as land, livestock, labour, and capital to produce farm products. The success of beef cattle business depends on three elements; seed, feed, and management. Management includes the management of mating, feeding, housing, and cattle health. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that affect the beef cattle business in the village of Mangkai Lama, Lima Puluh Sub District, Batubara District using multiple linear regression analysis. Income servers as the dependent variable. Other side the independent variable is internal factors of farmer such as the number of livestock, education, age of farmer, farming experience, and number of family dependent. The factors that affect the beef cattle business in the village of Mangkai Lama, Lima Puluh Sub-District, Batubara District is the number of beef cattle and education level. Age of farmer, farming experience, and number of family dependent other side have no effect in the beef cattle business in the village of Mangkai Lama, Lima Puluh Sub District, Batubara District.
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Judul: Analisis produksi dan daya saing usaha penggemukan sapi potong di Kabupaten Agam Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Abstrak: The domestic beef cattle producers have supplied only 70 percent of the national need. Demand of the beef cattle has not been accompanied by an increased supply response. One of the major problems in beef cattle fattening is its low productivity that might be caused by its low efficiency of input use. On the other side low productivity also caused an increase in the number of imported beef cattle. Therefore, this study aims to analyze : (1) factors that influence the production of beef cattle fattening, (2) the level of technical efficiency of beef cattle fattening, (3) beef cattle fattening competitiveness, and (4) the impact of government’s input-output policy on the competitiveness of beef cattle fattening in Agam district. The stochastic production frontier is used to estimate production function, while Policy Analysis Matrix was employed in this study to measure level of competitive and comparative advantage and effect of government interventions on beef cattle fattening. The results showed that quantity of forage, concentrate, cattle’s age, and livestock ownership significantly influence production. The average value of the farm technical efficiency is 0.764 ranging from a minimum of 0.478 to a maximum of 0.996. Beef cattle fattening is profitable and has competitive and comparative advantage. Fattening produces profits that create positive incentives for producers and reflect an efficient use of domestic resources.
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Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4