Judul: Genetic authentication on morphological variation in cultivated pompano (Trachinotus spp.) based on the 16s rRNA gene marker
Abstrak: Ikan bawal (Trachinotus spp.) termasuk komoditas unggulan perairan laut dangkal yang mengalami peningkatan permintaan sehingga perlu dilakukan konservasi melalui kegiatan budidaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengautentikasi spesies ikan bawal yang dibudidayakan di BPBL Batam sebagai informasi keragaman genetik dan kekerabatannya. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April hingga November 2021. Metode yang digunakan yaitu isolasi dan ekstraksi DNA, amplifikasi dan visualisasi, dan sekuensing gen 16s rRNA. Analisis data meliputi analisis morfologi, pensejajaran, analisis filogeni dan jarak genetik menggunakan MEGA 11. Seluruh sampel menghasilkan DNA total yang baik namun terdapat kontaminan. Hasil PCR menunjukkan pita DNA tunggal dan tebal dengan ukuran basa sesuai target. Hasil validasi menunjukkan seluruh sampel merujuk pada T. blochii dengan nilai persen identifikasi 100% dan nilai jarak genetik 0,000. Pohon filogeni menunjukkan tiga spesies bawal berada satu klaster dengan famili Carangidae. Oleh karena itu, ketiga jenis bawal memiliki kemiripan yang cukup identik dengan spesies T. blochii., Pompano (Trachinotus spp.) is one of the leading commodities in shallow marine waters which is experiencing an increase in demand, so it is necessary to conserve it through aquaculture. This study aims to authentify species of pompano cultivated at BPBL Batam as information on genetic diversity and kinship. The study was conducted from April to November 2021. The methods are using DNA isolation and extraction, amplification and visualization, and 16s rRNA gene sequencing. Data analysis includes morphological analysis, alignment, phylogeny analysis, and genetic distance using MEGA 11. All samples produced good total DNA but contained contaminants. The result of PCR showed DNA single and thick with the base size according to the target. Results of validation showed that all samples referred to T. blochii with a percent identification value of 100% and a genetic distance is 0.000. The phylogeny tree shows that three types of pompano are in one cluster with the family of Carangidae. Therefore it can be concluded that three types of pompano have an identical resemblance to the species of T. blochii.
Keyword: 16s rRNA, genetic, pompano, T. Blochii

Judul: Authentication on Morphological Differences of Cultivated Pompano (Trachinotus spp.) Based on Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (COI) Gene
Abstrak: Konsumsi ikan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sumber protein hewani akan terus meningkat seiring dengan pertambahan penduduk. Stok alamiah ikan dikhawatirkan mengalami penurunan akibat adanya peningkatan aktivitas penangkapan sehingga perlu didukung dengan adanya pembudidayaan jenis ikan potensial. Ikan bawal dari famili Carangidae saat ini dibudidayakan di BPBL Batam yang terdiri dari 3 jenis, yaitu bawal bintang, bawal emas, dan bawal hibrid. Ketiganya memiliki morfologi yang sangat mirip, sehingga penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memastikan jenis ikan bawal terhadap perbedaan morfologi melalui penelusuran susunan basa nukleotida. Analisis morfologi dilakukan dengan melakukan pengamatan secara langsung melalui beberapa parameter morfologi, sedangkan untuk pengujian molekuler digunakan marka gen COI (Cythochrome Oxydase Subunit I) melalui tahap isolasi, ekstraksi, amplifikasi dan visualisai, serta sekuensing. Hasil yang didapatkan berupa DNA total yang mengandung smear akibat masih adanya kontaminasi dan visualisasi amplifikasi gen COI yang menunjukkan posisi DNA target berada pada kisaran 600-700 bp. Hasil BLASTn menunjukkan bahwa sampel memiliki homologi sebesar ≥99.85 % dengan Trachinotus blochii. Hasil jarak genetik dan pohon filogeni dari ketiga jenis ikan bawal yang rendah akan berada dalam satu ranting yang sama, sehingga menunjukkan adanya hubungan kekerabatan yang dekat. Ketiga jenis ikan bawal berhasil divalidasi ke dalam satu spesies yang sama yaitu Trachinotus blochii karena memiliki susunan basa nukleotida yang identik dan diduga berasal dari tetua yang sama., Consumption of fish to meet the needs of animal protein sources will continue to increase along with population growth. The natural stock of fish will decrease due to an increase in fishing activity so that it needs to be supported by the cultivation of potential fish species. Pompano from the Carangidae family are currently cultivated at BPBL Batam, which consists of 3 types, namely snubnose pompano, golden pompano, and hybrid pompano. All three have very similar morphology, so this study was conducted to ascertain the types of pompano against morphological differences by tracing the arrangement of nucleotide bases. Morphological analysis was carried out by direct observation through several morphological parameters, while for molecular testing, COI gene markers (Cythochrome Oxydase Subunit I) were used through isolation, extraction, amplification and visualization, as well as sequencing. The results obtained are total DNA containing smears due to contamination and visualization of COI gene amplification which shows the target DNA position is in the range of 600-700 bp. Meanwhile, the BLASTn result showed that the sample had a homology of 99.85% with Trachinotus blochii. The results of the genetic distance and phylogeny tree of the three types of low pompano will be on the same branch, indicating a close relationship. The three types of pompano were successfully validated into the same species, namely Trachinotus blochii because they have identical nucleotide base arrangements and can be presumed to have come from the same parent.
Keyword: identical, COI, morphological, phylogenetic tree, pompano, identical, COI, morphological, phylogenetic tree, pompano, pompano

Judul: Pembuatan Film Tipis Cu2ZnSnS4 sebagai Lapisan Penyerap Cahaya pada Sel Surya Menggunakan Metode Elektrodeposisi
Abstrak: Thin film of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is an alternative semiconductor used as light absorber layer on solar cell. CZTS can replace silicon that commonly used as commercial semiconductor. The advantage of using CZTS as absorber layer is due to the abundance of its chemical composer on earth, and its high value of absorption coefficient. The absorber layer was made by using electrodeposition method on ITO glass substrates. The films were deposited at room temperature using potentiostatic mode with a potential of –1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes. After that, the films were annealed at two different temperatures, 180 ºC and 500 °C, for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. Based on X-ray diffraction analysis, the polycrystalline thin film obtained fall into kesterite crystal phase. This type of crystal was obtained when the CZTS was annealed at 500 °C in H2S/N2 atmosphere. The value of optical band gap energy for the CZTS thin film was 2.2 eV with the film thickness about 1.228–6.366 μm. The sample of CZTS with electrodeposition time of 45 minutes and annealing temperature of 500 °C showed the best result and in conformity with absorber layers criteria for solar cells.
Keyword: semiconductor, ITO glass, CZTS thin film, electrodeposition