Judul: Penerapan metode Webster untuk sistem pengaturan lampu lalu lintas di Simpang Empat Semplak Bogor
Abstrak: Currently, the traffic light control system is still using a fixed time system. This system would result the traffic jams because the number of vehicles in a lane is different with a same duration of green time-lamp. The Webster method uses the concept of minimizing delay time per vehicle as an optimum cycle time equation to calculate the traffic time-lamp based on density of vehicles and width of road. This method was used to overcome the traffic jam at Semplak junction, Bogor. Based on the number of data and the width of road, the Webster method results the duration of the green time-lamp is lower than the actual green timelamp at the Semplak junction. The differences shows that the green time-lamp traffic in the Semplak junction, can be optimized in order to decrease the average delay for all vehicles passing through the intersection.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Webster method, traffic light, Semplak crossroads Bogor, optimum cycle time

Judul: The Optimization of Traffic Light Waiting Time Uses a Compatible Graph Method to Reduce Congestion at The Semplak Intersection, Bogor
Abstrak: The intersection of four Semplak Bogor roads often seems to be jammed even though traffic lights have been installed. Compatible Graph is a graph theory that can be used as a tool for traffic light regulation problems at intersections by stating the origin of the vehicle flow as a vertex and the relationship between the origin of the vehicle flow as an edge. This study aims to provide traffic light regulation using compatible graph theory and reduce congestion at the Semplak four-way intersection in Bogor. The data used in this study is primary data. The object of this research is the number of vehicles and the number of lanes at the intersection of four intersections, Semplak street Bogor. The traffic light duration setting using compatible graph theory is obtained for Semplak street (north), 21 seconds green light duration, 3 seconds yellow, and 73 seconds red, KHR Abd. Bin Nuh street (east), duration of green light 34 seconds, yellow 3 seconds, and red 60 seconds, BG. H Saptadji H. street (south), green light duration is 34 seconds, yellow light is 3 seconds, and red light is 60 seconds, Cibadak-Ciampea street (west), green light duration is 29 seconds, yellow light is 3 seconds, and red light is 65 seconds, Simpang empat jalan Semplak Bogor terlihat seringkali terjadi kemacetan meskipun sudah dipasang lampu lalu lintas. Graf Kompatibel adalah suatu teori graf yang dapat digunakan sebagai alat bantu masalah pengaturan lampu lalu lintas di simpang jalan dengan menyatakan asal arus kendaraan sebagai verteks dan keterkaitan antar asal arus kendaraan sebagai edge. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengaturan lampu lalu lintas menggunakan teori graf kompatibel dan mengurangi kemacetan simpang empat jalan Semplak di Bogor. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer. Objek penelitian ini adalah jumlah kendaraan dan jumlah lajur pada persimpangan simpang empat, jalan Semplak Bogor. Pengaturan durasi lampu lalu lintas menggunakan teori graf kompatibel diperoleh hasil untuk jalan Semplak (utara), durasi lampu hijau 21 detik, kuning 3 detik, dan merah 73 detik, jalan KHR Abd. Bin Nuh (timur), durasi lampu hijau 34 detik, kuning 3 detik, dan merah 60 detik, jalan BG. H Saptadji H. (selatan), durasi lampu hijau 34 detik, kuning 3 detik, dan merah 60 detik, jalan Cibadak-Ciampea (barat), durasi lampu hijau 29 detik, kuning 3 detik, dan merah 65 detik.
Keyword: Edge, Compatibel Graphs, Traffic Lights, vertex

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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