Judul: Studi kelayakan dan evaluasi keuangan usaha sayuran fresh cut pada pt sayuran siap saji kabupaten bogor
Abstrak: Menurut Martawijaya dan Nurjayadi (2010), komoditas hortikultura cukup potensial dikembangkan secara agribisnis, karena memiliki nilai ekonomis dan nilai tambah cukup tinggi dibandingkan dengan komoditas lainnya. Salah satu yang termasuk dalam jenis hortikultura tersebut adalah sayuran. Pemanfaatan sayuran ini tidak hanya sebatas pada industri rumah tangga, tetapi juga lebih mengarah pada industri bisnis seperti rumah makan, restoran siap saji, dan hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan industri pengolahan makanan. Dengan adanya permasalahan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa terdapat potensi yang sangat besar dari kebutuhan produksi sayuran yang akan mempengaruhi keberlangsungan industri makanan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) Menganalisis kelayakan non finasial dan finansial dari usaha sayuran fresh cut PT Sayuran Siap Saji. (2) Menganalisis kepekaan dari usaha sayuran fresh cut PT Sayuran Siap Saji berdasarkan analisis switching value. (3) Menganalisis perbedaan prediksi dan realisasi finansial dari usaha sayuran fresh cut PT Sayuran Siap Saji. Data yang digunakan merupakan data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dan observasi. Sedangkan data sekunder bersumber dari studi pustaka, seperti buku, literatur, jurnal, dan internet. Pengolahan data kualitatif dilakukan untuk menganalisis aspek pasar, teknis, dan manajemen. Sedangkan pengolahan data kuantitatif dilakukan pada aspek finansial dengan menghitung, Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Net B/C, Payback Period (PP), dan analisis sensitivitas dengan bantuan aplikasi komputer Microsoft Excel 2007, serta menggunakan perhitungan statistik dengan software SPSS 15 dengan uji-t (ttest) untuk mengevaluasi keuangan PT Sayuran Siap Saji. Berdasarkan hasil analisis kelayakan non finansial, usaha sayuran fresh cut pada PT Sayuran Siap Saji dinyatakan layak. Dari segi aspek finansial, usaha sayuran fresh cut juga layak untuk dijalankan dengan nilai kriteria kelayakan sebagai berikut : NPV Rp 2.161.854.000, nilai IRR 24 persen, Net B/C 2,23, dan PP selama 6 tahun 2 bulan 2 hari yang berarti usaha ini sudah dapat menutup biaya investasi awalnya sebelum umur usaha berakhir. Hasil analisis switching value menghasilkan nilai kenaikan harga bahan baku sebesar 0,79 persen dan penurunan harga jual sebesar 0,65 persen usaha tidak layak dijalankan. Sedangkan, untuk realisasi finansial dari usaha sayuran fresh cut PT Sayuran Siap Saji dari hasil perhitungan cash flow dan laporan laba rugi data realisasi dan data prediksi dengan menggunakan uji-t (t-test) secara keseluruhan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang cukup signifikan.
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Judul: Analisis Kelayakan Usaha Paprika Hidroponik (Kasus Di Kebun Produksi PT Saung Mirwan, Kecamatan Megamendung, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: Horticulture is one of the agricultural sub-sector has an important role in Indonesian economy. Vegetables has great contribution to GDP from horticultural commodity groups. In 2011, vegetables had the highest growth percentage compared to the other three groups of commodities, which reached 6.06 percent. In 2007-2011, vegetables also had the highest growth percentage of 6.72 percent. One of vegetable commodities that have the potential to be developed is bell peppers. The demand for bell peppers, both in the local market as well as export markets, is higher than the supply. It is a chance to most entrepreneur to start and grown the cultivation of bell peppers. But, the high of investment can be obstruction to run the cultivation of bell peppers. Therefore the feasibility analysis of hydroponic bell peppers is needed to know how much the business can give profit for the entrepreneurs. Firm which has many experiences in the cultivation of bell peppers is Saung Mirwan. The company has been running the bell peppers cultivation since the 1990’s. Therefore, a production farm of Saung Mirwan can be referenced for the entrepreneurs who want to entry the business of bell peppers cultivation. This study is analyzed the cultivation of bell peppers with hydroponic and drip irrigation systems. The purpose of this study was (1) analyzed the non-financial feasibility of the hydroponic bell peppers in Saung Mirwan, (2) analyzed the financial feasibility of hydroponic bell peppers in Saung Mirwan, (3) analyzed the sensitivity of hydroponic bell peppers in Saung Mirwan with changes the decreased in the prices output, declined in the number of bell peppers production, and increased in the price of nutrients. The research was conducted in the production farm of Saung Mirwan from October 2010 until February 2011. This study uses qualitative and quantitative analysis as methods to explain the analysis of non-financial and financial aspects in the business of hydroponic bell peppers. The result of the feasibility analysis indicate that the market, technical, management, social, economic and cultural, and environmental aspect of hydroponic cultivation of bell peppers is feasible. The financial aspects analysis stated the hydroponic bell peppers cultivation is feasible with the value of Rp 9.9 billion of NPV, IRR of 34.18 percent, Net B/C of 3.76, and payback period for 5 years. Switching value analysis results show that the business unfeasible if the bell peppers prices is decreased more than 49.65 percent, the number of bell peppers production decline more than 49.65 percent, and the price of nutrients increased more than 427.90 percent. This shows that the feasibility of hydroponic bell peppers is more sensitive to decreasing price of output and the declining of production rather than increasing in the price of nutrition.
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Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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