Judul: Dinamika dan Konfigurasi Kepentingan di Balik Pemaknaan terhadap Burung Berkicau di Jawa (Kasus di Surabaya dan Yogyakarta)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan atas dasar beberapa argumentasi. Pertama, burung memiliki peran yang cukup penting dalam kehidupan manusia dalam aspek ekonomi, ekologi, sosio-kultural dan ekologis. Kedua, terdapat gejala semakin meningkatnya kegemaran memelihara burung dikalangan masyarakat Jawa yang ditandai dengan semakin banyaknya komunitas penggemar burung dan kegiatan-kegiatan yang berkaitan dengan burung. Ketiga, meningkatnya kegemaran terhadap burung memberikan implikasi terhadap semakin terancamnya beberapa jenis burung di alam karena kegiatan perburuan dan perdagangan burung. Keempat, telaah terhadap peran aktor (manusia) dalam permasalahan menjadi salah satu fokus kajian yang penting dalam mengkaitkan antara permasalahan keterancaman burung di alam dengan perkembangan komunitas penggemar burung.
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Judul: Studi keanekaragaman jenis burung pada ruang terbuka hijau beberapa lokasi perumahan di Wilayah Kotamadya Bogor
Abstrak: Pertumbuhan penduduk kota yang tinggi mengakibatkan semakin penggunaan meningkatnya kebutuhan perumahan, sehingga lahan di daerah perkotaan sebagian besar merupakan areal perumahan. Beralih fungsinya lahan-lahan bervegetasi alami menjadi areal yang sarat dengan bangunan fisik (perumahan), dan menyusutnya areal bervegetasi alami menyebabkan berbagai jenis burung cenderung menurun populasinya, bahkan diantaranya ada yang terancam punah karena kehilangan habitat alami. Menurut Hernowo dan Prasetyo (1989) dalam Dahlan (1992) burung perlu dilestarikan karena mempunyai manfaat yang tidak kecil artinya bagi kehidupan manusia yaitu: membantu mengendalikan serangga hama, membantu proses penyerbukan bunga, mempunyai nilai ekonomis yang cukup tinggi, mempunyai suara yang khas yang dapat menimbulkan suasana menyenangkan, dapat digunakan untuk atraksi rekreasi, sebagai sumber plasma nutfah, dan obyek penelitian dan pendidikan. Mengingat hal tersebut di atas kiranya perlu diadakan upaya pelestarian burung di daerah perkotaan terutama pada daerah perumahan....
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Judul: Efforts to Control and Prevent Pathogenic Infection of Multi-Drug Resistant Organism (MDRO) of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Clone Using Alcohol-Base Hand Rub.
Abstrak: The pandemic that is occurring caused both by COVID-19 (currently occurring) as well as the clone of the methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the previous period has really threatened human life. This condition requires materials that can break the chain of transmission from human to human and from the environment to human. An alcohol-based antiseptic (hand rub/hand sanitizer) often contains ethanol, isopropanol or n-propanol, or a combination of two of these types. Alcohol has an excellent germicidal activity in vitro against gram-positive and gram-negative vegetative bacteria (including multidrug-resistant pathogens such as MRSA and VRE) as well as viruses. Hand rub/hand sanitizer products are declared good if they have formulation stability, no irritation effect when they are used and are able to kill pathogens more than 90%. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of alcohol-based hand rub with WHO-based-standard formulation based on the stability of the formulation, the risk of irritation and the ability to kill bacteria. Hand rub/hand sanitizer was made by modifying the levels of the WHO formula with a hygiene procedure for 500 ml/bottle with the composition: Ethanol 96%; H2O2 3%; Glycerol 98%; and Aqua Sterile ad 500ml. Assessment on the presence of rancidity, clarity, discoloration, final alcohol content and skin irritation risk was done to know the quality of product formulation. A bacterial Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was used to assess the percentage of bacterial killing power. The selected bacteria were bacteria commonly found in the hospital environment. The results of formulation stability from four variants of level modification showed that MD.4 has good stability compared to other formulation modifications. The results of the percentage kill test against MRSA showed that the percentage kill is 99.90% at 1st, 2nd, and 5th minute. The selected manufacturer's product also showed the same percentage kill value at 1st, 2nd, and 5th minute. The results of percentage kill test showed that the effective value for each contact time is ≥ 90%. The SEM observations showed that MD.4 hand rub effect in the form of MRSA cell lysis. The LC50 test, it is known that MD.4 hand rub value is 620 ppm while softaman (control) is 114 ppm. In terms of irritation risk, twenty-three selected subjects were generally well tolerated in use.
Keyword: hand rub, hand sanitizer, ahmad Subhan, percentage kill bacteria, MRSA, WHO