Judul: Dampak sosio-ekonomis dan sosio-ekologis konversi lahan pertanian: studi kasus Desa Tugu Utara, Kecamatan Cisarua, Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: Konversi lahan pertanian merupakan suatu fenomena perubahan peruntukkan lahan pertanian menjadi peruntukkan lahan non pertanian. Fenomena ini terjadi seiring dengan bertambahnya tekanan penduduk dan gencarnya pembangunan yang dilakukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan manusia, sehingga mengakibatkan permintaan terhadap lahan semakin meningkat dari waktu ke waktu. Konversi lahan pertanian merupakan salah satu akar dari permasalahan agraria di Indonesia karena dapat menyebabkan terjadinya situasi krisis yang berdampak luas bagi sektor pertanian. Lahan sebagai sumberdaya pertanian merupakan suatu potensi yang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat petani untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya. Tipe perubahan peruntukkan lahan pertanian ke bentuk lain pada setiap kawasan berbeda-beda tergantung dari tujuan dilakukannya konversi. Oleh karena itu, dampak yang diterima bagi setiap kawasan juga berbeda. Perubahan peruntukkan lahan pertanian ini berdampak luas terhadap aspek ekologi dan ekonomi masyarakat di sekitar kawasan konversi yang selanjutnya berdampak pada kehidupan sosial masyarakat yang memanfaatkan lahan pertanian sebagai sumber kehidupannya.
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Judul: Konversi Lahan Pertanian dan Sikap Petani di Desa Cihideung Ilir Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: This study showed that the patterns of conversion is mostly occurs rapidly and by switching control to others. Converted lands generally used for housing. Factors affecting land conversion can be categorized into internal factors such as urgent economic needs and the desire to change the fate, and external factors such as population growth and government policies. The impact of land conversion on the socioeconomic conditions consist of reduced rice yield, decreased farmers’s income, reduced household food security, reduced employment opportunities in agriculture, farmers’s limited access to agricultural land, and others. However there are positive impact as well, that is construction of housing may indicate the development of rural economy. The attitude of farmers to conversion of agricultural land has no relation to the characteristics of the respondents including gender, age, educational level, farm employment status, number of dependents in the family, income level, as well as broad and land tenure.
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Judul: Pemurnian dan karakterisasi protein inhibitor RNA helikase virus hepatitis C
Abstrak: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the second most common chronic viral infection in the world with global prevalence. This infection is contribution to chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, often leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. There is no effective drug and vaccine available against HCV. The current standard treatment, a combination of pegylated interferon-α with ribavirin, is limited by its suboptimal response rate in a significant patient population, side effects, and affordability. Therefore, development of effective drug is needed. One approach to find out the candidate of antiviral drug is to discover the inhibitor of enzyme that essential for virus replication, such as RNA helicase. Streptomyces chartreusis 5-095 produce the inhibitor of HCV RNA helicase. The aim of this study was to purify the protein inhibitor which has inhibition activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV from S. chartreusis 5-095. The supernatant of culture S. chartreusis 5-095 exhibited high inhibiton activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV (approximately 72%) at 10 days of incubation. The extracellular protein inhibitor was partially purified by procedures of precipitation with ammonium sulfate to 65% saturation and gel filtration (Sephadex G50) using methanol water solution (4:6) as an eluen. The purity of protein inhibitor was monitored by SDS PAGE. The protein inhibitor showed a relative molecular mass were estimated to be 14 kDa and increased the purity 23,08 fold than those of the crude protein. The specific activity and IC50 after purification were 13,1338 U/mg and 0,0767 mg/mL, respectively. The activity of purified protein inhibitor showed its stability over pH range from 5-8 and optimum at pH 7,4. The inhibition activity showed its stability up to 70% at temperature 100 oC. The purified protein inhibitor relatively stable its activity at storage in the range of -20 oC to room temperature for 35 days.
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