Judul: Agribusiness competency development of cocoa farmers at konawe regency in Southeast Sulawesi Province
Abstrak: The objectives of this research were to identifity the level of agribusiness competency of cocoa farmers; to analyze the factors that influence its competency; to explain model agribusiness competency of cocoa farmers of dry land farming; and to formulate effective extension development planned and community empowerment to increase productivity and earning. The research was conducted from August 2009 to January 2010 at the center area of cocoa production Konawe Regency in Southeast Sulawesi Province. The population were cocoa farmers on dry land in cocoa production center. Sample based on the method of “Stratified Random Sampling” using the Slovin formula (0.08 error), the total sample were 180 respondents. Data were collected by using questionnaires, observation, indepth interview, and documentation study. The results of this research showed that the level of agribusiness competencies of cocoa farmers are influenced by internal farmers characteristics, within the external factors of extension activities, empowerment intervention and enviroment variables with t value (< 0.05). The level of competency cocoa farmers in agribusiness, with the coefficient (R2= 0.613). The study proposed recommendation for extension development and communities empowerment to improve of agribusiness competence of cocoa farmers, conducted with the participatory- learning and action (PLA).
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Judul: Analisis Kapasitas Kelembagaan dan Penerimaan Petani Anggota Poktan Program Nestle Cocoa Plan PISAgro
Abstrak: Cocoa has a strategic role in the Indonesian economy, both as a non-oil export and as the cocoa farmer source of income in some areas in Indonesia. While the world demand continues to increase, some countries try to inrease their production through several program and scheme. As a public private partnership that aims to help Indonesian goverment to address national food security by increasing agricultural production, PISAgro, through The Nestle Cocoa Plan Program, has established 100 field schools that train more than 1000 cocoa farmers in Mamuju, West Sulawesi. This study attempts to explain the level of participation and capacity of farmer’s group in implementing the program and how The NCP Program influence the cocoa production and farmer’s welfare. The results showed that the capacity degree of farmers group rely on the high level category. However it is still dominated by social activities than economy activities. Moreover, The NCP Program has a potential role in increasing the cocoa production and farmer’s income in Mamuju, West Sulawesi.
Keyword: productivity, Nestle Cocoa Program (NCP), income, Capacity of farmer’s group

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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