Judul: Formulasi kebijakan sistem pengolahan sampah perkotaan berkelanjutan
Abstrak: Solid waste is still considered as worthless goods, so that it is still causing many problems. The purpose of this study is to formulate a sustainable urban waste management policy. The study was conducted in DKI Jakarta. The research is devided into four stages of analyses which include the availability and needed of land for a solid waste treatment, waste treatment technology optimization analysis of environmentally friendly, multi-criteria evaluation and policy analysis. Indonesia has many waste management policy, but not synergize together and not yet operational. Solid Waste management in DKI Jakarta has led to efforts to minimize waste, and waste reduction programs integrated between recycling, composting, combustion (incineration) and waste disposal system with a system of sanitary landfills, and will be pursued to zero waste program. DKI Jakarta needs to improve management efficiency and improved quality of service to the community, one with separation of regulator and operator functions, but managed by one institution to improve its performance and to cover the financing gap, ideally to cooperate with the private sector. The result of regression analysis shows a significant effect of economic growth in waste generation and characteristics. Increased in prosperity will increase the amount of inorganic waste, and lower amount of organic waste. Increased inorganic waste will increase the calorie content which is more beneficial if done with incinerator waste to energy (WTE), while providing the understanding that the waste is a resource that can be utilized as an energy alternative to electricity. Production of electricity from WTE incinerator is influenced by the calorie content, and type of waste. WTE incinerators have the advantage in processing speed and the required land area, but WTE incinerator required high initial investment. The result of CBA analysis shows that WTE incinerator is more expensive, but it is the most cost effective in the long term (25 years). The variables have a very strong influence on the cost of processing waste is waste transportation costs. In the context of environmental, sanitary landfill waste treatment system, which is placed far away from services area, can lead to a much larger greenhouse gases and generate leachate. The existence of designated land use and changes that are uncontrolled by DKI Jakarta complicate the placement of garbage processing unit. WTE technology or HRC which indoor system is more acceptable to local communities, compared to the open SLF. Incinerator technology is more efficient for processing large scale with a capacity of more than 500 tons / day, with the optimal point on the capacity of 3000 tons / day, which is supported by segregation. Organic waste treatment system is most optimal at high-rate composting system (HRC). WTE processing unit and HRC, should be placed in administrative of DKI. The sensitivity analysis shows that if the government would buy in a good price the electricity production and energy from solid waste, will raise the level of feasibility WTE incinerator system. Implementation of WTE incinerator technology, need to involve the private sector.
Keyword: High-Rate Composting (HRC), Sanitary Landfill

Judul: Optimation Site Selection and Types of Municipal Solid Waste Facility
Abstrak: Persampahan merupakan isu penting dalam masalah lingkungan perkotaan. masalah yang dapat menimbulkan masalah lainnya apabila tidak ditangani dengan tepat seperti terjadinya polusi air, tanah dan udara. Untuk itu diperlukan pengelolaan sampah yang efektif dan efisien agar timbulan sampah yang dihasilkan dapat dikurangi. Pengelolaan sampah yang baik selain dapat mengurangi timbulan sampah juga dapat meminimumkan biaya operasional. Teknologi yang digunakan dalam pengolahan sampah baik di negara maju maupun negara berkembang semakin bervariasi dalam pengembangannya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat model matematika optimasi penentuan lokasi dan jenis fasilitas pengolahan sampah perkotaan dan mengaplikasikan model tersebut pada sistem pengelolaan sampah di DKI Jakarta. Model matematika optimasi penentuan loaksi dan jenis fasilitas pengolahan sampah dibentuk dalam bentuk binary integer programming (BIP). Variabel keputusan yang ditentukan yaitu lokasi didirikan fasilitas pada ITF j dengan penggunaan teknologi t dengan fungsi tujuan meminimumkan total biaya operasional pengelolaan yang meliputi biaya angkut, biaya olah sampah, dan nilai hasil pengolahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga contoh skenario yang solusinya telah diketahui dengan memberikan jarak angkut sampah dari TPS-ITF, TPSTPA, ITF-TPA dan kemampuan pengkonversian yang berbeda untuk tiap teknologi. Berdasarkan aplikasi model pada sistem pengelolaan sampah DKI Jakarta diperoleh bahwa ITF yang dibangun ada dua, yaitu ITF Sunter dengan teknologi pirolisis dan gasifikasi dan ITF Duri Kosambi dengan teknologi RDF. Biaya operasional harian saat nilai optimum tercapai adalah Rp312.138.900,00, Solid waste is an important issue in urban environmental problems. problems that can cause other problems if not handled properly such as water, soil and air pollution. For this reason, effective and efficient waste management is needed so that waste produced can be reduced. proper waste management not only reduce waste generation but also minimize operational costs. The technology used in waste management in both developed and developing countries is increasingly varied in its development. Therefore, this research aims to create an optimization mathematical model for determining the location and type of urban waste treatment facilities and applying the model to the waste management system in DKI Jakarta. The mathematical model of optimization site selection and types of waste treatment facilities is formed in the form of binary integer programming (BIP). The decision variable is the location of the facility established at ITF j using technology t with the objective function of minimizing the total operational costs which include the transportation costs, the cost of processing waste, and the value of processing results. This study uses three examples of scenarios whose solutions are known by providing waste transport distance from TPS-ITF, TPS-TPA, ITFTPA and different conversion capabilities for each technology. Based on the application model in the DKI Jakarta waste management system, it was found that there were two ITFs built, namely Sunter ITF with pyrolysis and gasification technology and Duri Kosambi ITF with RDF technology. Daily operational costs when the optimum value is reached is Rp312,138,900.00.
Keyword: Penentuan Lokasi ITF, Teknologi Pengelolaan Sampah, Minimum Biaya Operasional, Binary Integer Programming, Solid waste, Waste management

Judul: Embriogenesis ikan buta (Astyanax fasciatus)
Abstrak: Ikan buta Astyanax fasciatus adalah spesies ikan unik dari famili Characidae yang menempati perairan dalam gua di Wilayah La Cueva Chica-San Luis Potasi-Mexico. Ikan ini memiliki mata yang tereduksi (Blind Cavefish) dan warna kulit merah muda, pucat serta mengkilap.
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