Judul: Kajian fungsi biaya dan analisis finansial pada usaha pembesaran ikan maskoki di Desa Parigi Mekar, Kecamatan Ciseeng, Bogor
Abstrak: Desa Parigi Meliar memiliki potensi dalam usaha budidaya ikan hias. Saldi satu ikan hias yang dibudidayakan di wilayah ini adalah Ikan Maskoki. Budidaya Ran Maskoki meliputi pembenihan, pendederan dan pembesaran. Usaha pembesaran Ikan Maskoki di Desa Parigi Mekar dilakukan dengan sistem jaring tancap di dalam situ dan tergolong usaha tradisional dengan modal yang terbatas. Keterbatasan modal membuat pembudidaya harus mampu mengalokasikan faktor produksi secara optimal guna meminimunlkan biaya. Biaya usaha pada usaha pembesaran Ikan Maskoki di Desa Parigi Mekar dianalisis dengan pendekatan fungsi biaya Cobb-Douglas dan untuk mengtahui kelayakan usahanya dilakukan analisis finansial. Berdasarkan evaluasi model secara statistik, ekonometrik dan ekonomi, model fungsi biaya layak untuk digunakan. Kondisi skala usaha pembesaran Ikon Maskoki di Desa Parigi Mekar berada pada increasing return to scale. Nilai elastisitas seluruh input bersifat inelastis. Besarnya junlah permintaan faktor produksi optimal adalah turunan pertama fungsi biaya terhadap harga input bersangkutan maka diperoleh jumlah permintam faktor produksi optimal benih sebanyak 6.852 ekor, pelet sebesar 525.,5 kg dan volume jaring sebesar 263.9 m3. Berdasarkan analisis usaha, dalam satu tahun usaha ini menghasilkan keuntungan Rp84.420.039,60 dengnn R/C ratio sebesar 4,46, PP selama 0,05 tahun, BEP nilai produksi sebesar Rp1.916.378,28 dan BEP nilai volume sebesar 11.221 ekor. Analisis finansial dilakukan dengan tiga skenario. Skenario 1 dan 3 menghasilkan NPVyang sama, yaitu Rp275.203.146,22, skenario 2 mengahasilkan NPV Rpl57.369.631,75.N ilai Net B/C skenario 1 sebesar 71,155, skenario 2 sebesar 102, skenario 3 sebesar 177,63. Nilai IRR skenario 1 sebesar 2.199,525%, skenario 2 sebesar 3.143,78%, skenario 3 sebesar 5.454%. Berdasarkan analisis kriteria investosi, ketiga skenario tersebut layak untuk dijalankan.
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Judul: Prospek Pengembangan Usaha Budidaya Ikan Maskoki di Desa Perigi Mekar Kecamatan Ciseeng, Kabupaten Bogor, Provinsi Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Desa Perigi Mekar, Kecamatan Ciseeng merupakan sentra produksi ikan hias maskoki di Kabupaten Bogor (Dinas Perikanan Kabupaten Bogor, 2001). Hal ini disebabkan oleh keadaan airnya yang cocok untuk perkembangan ikan hias maskoki dan didukung oleh adanya Situ Malang Nengah yang digunakan untuk pembesaran ikan hias maskoki dengan menggunakanjaring apung (hapa). Banyak penduduk desa ini yang berprofesi sebagai petani Ikan Maskoki. Iumlah petani ikan hi as yang cukup besar menjadi indikasi bahwa usaha tersebut menguntungkan.
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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