arulpm/tripletsmall huggingface dataset:
Judul: Penyebab Penyakit Kuning Pada Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium cepa var. ascolonicum) dan Uji Potensi Trichoderma sp.
Abstrak: Tujuan percobaan ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi penyebab penyakit kuning pada tanaman bawang merah dan mengetahui pengaruh agens antagonis Trichoderma sp. terhadap penyakit kuning tersebut. Percobaan dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikologi Tumbuhan dan Rumah Kaca, Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Pelaksanaan ini dari bulan April - September 1999.
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Judul: Pengaruh Pemupukan Fosfat dan Waktu Inokulasi terhadap Intensitas Serangan Penyebab Penyakit Bercak Ungu (Alternaria porri (Ell.) Cif.) pada Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L. var. ascalonicum)
Abstrak: Tujuan percobaan ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh p merah,pemupukan P dalam berbagai taraf dan pengaruh waktu inokulasi patogen A. porri pada tanaman bawang serta interaksi antar kedua faktor tersebut.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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Judul: Tinjauan agroklimatologi terhadap pertumbuhan, perkembangan, dan produksi tanaman cokelat ( Theobroma cacao L. ) di perkebunan Bunisari Lendra PTP XIII Bandung
Abstrak: Dalam rangka turut serta meningkatkan program pemerintah meningkatkan swasembada pangan dan juga meningkat- kan ekspor non migas, perkebunan merupakan subsektor pertanian yang mendapat perhatian pemerintah. Diharapkan bidang perkebunan dapat menggantikan kedudukan minyak bu- mi sebagai sumber devisa negara, selain bidang industri. Cokelat (Theobroma cacao L.) merupakan salah satu komoditi yang sedang giat dikembangkan oleh perkebunan di Indonesia selain tanaman perkebunan lainnya. Meskipun volume produksinya masih tergolong rendah dibandingkan dengan komoditi perkebunan lainnya, cokelat diharapkan dapat meningkatkan penghasilan bagi petani maupun pemerintah, sehingga terus dikembangkan (Tabel Lampiran 1). Sebenarnya Indonesia mempunyai keunggulan komparatif sebagai penghasil cokelat utama karena memiliki sumber daya alam, tenaga kerja, dan penguasaan teknologi yang memadai ditandai dengan rendahnya biaya produksi di perkebunan cokelat. Dalam kurun waktu lima tahun terakhir ekspor cokelat Indonesia meningkat dari 17500 (1981) menjadi 31600 ton (1985). Namun demikian peranan Indonesia sebagai pemasok cokelat dunia baru 3 persen, yaitu sebagai negara eksportir ke delapan sesudah Pantai Gading, Brasil, Ghana, Nigeria, Kamerun, Ekuador, dan Malaysia (Kompas, 8 Agustus 1987).
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Judul: Budidaya dan Pengolahn Cokelat (Theobroma cacao L.) di Perkebunan Jatirono/Kalibaru Cs. PT Perkebunan XXVI, Jember Jawa Timur
Abstrak: Cokelat merupakan salah satu komoditi perkebunan yang dapat memberikan sumbangan dalam menghasilkan devisa negara. Selain itu dengan makin ditingkatkannya peranan barang ekspor non-migas, komoditi ini akan mempunyai peranan yang semakin penting. Usaha peningkatan ekspor komoditi cokelat sangat ditentukan oleh peningkatan produksi dan konsumsi dunia. Selama lima tahun terakhir produksi cokelat dunia meningkat hanya 0.7 persen, sedangkan permintaan mengalami peningkatan sekitar 2.7 persen. Di beberapa negara penghasil cokelat seperti negara-negara Afrika diperkirakan tidak memungkinkan lagi untuk meningkatkan produksi, karena adanya serangan hama yang cukup berat (Siswoputranto, 1978). Ekspor cokelat Indonesia dari tahun ke tahun terus mengalami peningkatan...
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Judul: Peluang Partikel Plasma Berada Pada Dimensi Debye Akibat Gangguan Gelombang Elektromagnetik dengan Menggunakan Persamaan Schrödinger
Abstrak: The solution of Schrodinger equations with plasma Coulomb potential in spherical coordinat results solution wave function and energy plasma particle. Electron probability density at Debye length with thermal effect same as ion, which indicates plasma in neutral state. Electromagnetic waves perturbation of an electric field given to result wave function perturbation system. The probability density of plasma particle due to electromagnetic waves perturbation is the largest when an electromagnetic waves frequency 1.41 times the plasma frequency .
Keyword: Schrödinger, plasma, electromagnetic wave
Judul: Kemiripan genetik populasi kelapa dalam mapenget, tenga, Bali, Palu, dan sawarna berdasarkan penanda RAPD (Random Amplified Polimorphic DNA)
Abstrak: A study of genetic similarity in coconut by RAPD analysis was performed in 50 individuals representing 5 tall coconut populations namely Mapanget Tall (DMT). Tenga Tall (DTA), Bali tall (DBI), Palu Tall (DPU), and Sawarna Tall (DSA), showed polymorphic bands with all 10 primers tested. A total of 91 RAPD bands were scored with 87 polymorphic bands (95%). A high level within-populations (13% - 22%). Improved character by selection in DMT, DTA, and DSA populations must be done carefully in individual palm which still high enough genetic distance, but in DBI and DPU populations it still have a good possibility.
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Judul: Kemiripan Genetik Enam Populasi Kelapa Dalam dari Kalimantan Barat Berdasarkan Penanda RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA)
Abstrak: Analisis kemiripan genetik telah dilakukan pada enam populasi kelapa Dalam dari Kalimantan Barat yaitu kelapa Dalam Sungai Daun (DSD), Dalam Sungai Rasau (DSR), Dalam Pelimpaan (DPL), Dalam Peniraman (DPM), Dalam Parit Baru (DPB), dan Dalam Peniti (DPT) yang ditanam secara ex situ di IPPTP Selakau. Setiap populasi tanaman kelapa yang dianalisis diwakili oleh 10 pohon dan diamplifikasi menggunakan 10 primer yang diseleksi dari 27 primer acak. Total pita DNA yang dihasilkan sebanyak 103 dan 84 (81%) diantaranya merupakan pita polimorfik.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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Judul: Produksi dan Perubahan Fisiologi Rambutan Binjai setelah  Induksi Pembungaan pada Masa Off-Year
Abstrak: Rambutan termasuk tanaman bermusim, rata-rata berbuah hanya satu kali dalam setahun. Selain berbuah musiman, rambutan mempunyai sifat biennial, yaitu mengalami alternate bearing dimana terdapat masa berbuah lebat pada on year yang diikuti dengan menurunnya produksi buah pada tahun berikutnya (08 year). Perlakuan kerat batang dikombinasikan dengan KN03 pada masa on year mampu membuahkan rambutan Binjai di luar musim. Bagaimana respon perlakuan kerat batang-KNO3 pada masa of year belum diketahui.
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Judul: Modifikasi dan Uji Performansi Alat Pemanen Buah Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.)
Abstrak: Rambutan merupakan salah salu buah tropis yang layak diancang sebagai komoditas unggulan pertanian. Peluang pemasaran buah rambutan cenderung meningkat dari tabun ke tahun, baik di pasar domestik maupun pasar lntemasional. Menurut Sunarjono (1998), ekspor buah rambutan Indonesia pada tahun 1994 sebesar 271 983 kg (271, 983 ton) dengan nilai nominal sebesar US $ 425 996. Sedangkan pada tahun 1990 dengan luas lahan tersedia 4i pulau Jawa dan luar pulau Jawa 66 574 ha adalah 270,686 ton (Direktorat BUPPHP, 1992).
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Judul: Adsorption of Cu(II) using synthetic Zeolite from coal fly ash
Abstrak: Fly ash and synthetic zeolite synthesized from coal fly ash had been used to investigate the adsorption of Cu2+ synthetic solution. Optimation studies of adsorption process was performed batch system in central composite design with three parameters, pH, contact time, and concentration of adsorbent. The optimum condition for adsorption process for fly ash and synthetic zeolite were found at pH 5.5 and 4, contact time 83 and 58 minutes, and adsorbent concentration at 150 and 90 mg/50 mL solution respectively. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied. The Langmuir models fits best the equilibrium isotherm data. The optimum fly ash and zeolite synthetic adsorption capacities were 4,11 mg/g and 60,97 mg/g respectively. The kinetics data were tested using a pseudo first-order and a pseudo second-order Lagergren equation. Kinetics data correlated well with the pseudo second-order kinetics model. Thermodinamic study indicated that adsorption process was spontaneous and accompanied by an increase in entropy and decrease in Gibbs energy. The decreasing of adsorption capacity of Cu(II) by both fly ash and synthetics zeolite were influenced by the coexisting ions Pb(II) or Mn(II), although there were increasing of the total adsorption capacity.
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Judul: Usaha penentuan daerah rawan kebakaran berdasar iklim, vegetasi dan sumber api studi kasus di HTI PT Inhutani III Unit Pontianak Kalimantan Barat
Abstrak: Perlindungan hutan meliputi kegiatan-kegiatan untuk mencegah dan membatasi kerusakan-kerusakan hutan dan hasil hutan yang disebabkan oleh perbuatan manusia, ternak, daya-daya alam, hama dan penyakit serta kebakaran hutan. Perlindungan terhadapa bahaya kebakaran hutan menjadi hal penting, karena kebakaran hutan merupakan peristiwa yang sering terjadi, baik pada hutan tanaman maupun hutan alam. Kebakaran hutan dalam waktu singkat dapat menimbulkan kerugian atau kerusakan yang paling besar bila dibandingkan faktor-faktor perusak hutan lainnya.
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Judul: Penerapan Sistem Peringatan Dini (Early Warning System ) dalam Usaha Pencegahan Kebakaran Hutan (Studi Kasus di HTI PT (Persero) Inhutani III Unit Pontianak Kalimantan Barat)
Abstrak: Pengelolaan Hutan Tanaman Industri (HTI) mengandung konsekuensi perlunya pengelolaan secara intensif termasuk di dalamnya kegiatan perlindungan, khususnya terhadap bahaya kebakaran, sebab kebakaran hutan dalam waktu yang singkat dapat menimbulkan kerusakan dan kerugian paling besar diantara faktor-faktor perusak hutan lainnya.
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Judul: Characterizations of low alloy steel sae 4422  plated with chromic acid (Cro3)
Abstrak: Characterizations of low alloy steel SAE 4422 plated with chromic acid (CrOrO3) was use Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), RD),Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-Ray (EDAX), Hardness Test and Roughness Test. Microstructures analysis exhibits cracks and grain boundaries microcracks as a characteristics of chrome metal found at plating metal. Perlite and Ferrite as grains of steel found at base metal with grain boundaries around it. Phase analysis of plating metal appropriate to chrome metal with lattice constant (a) is 2.559 Å and phase analysis of base metal appropriate to iron ferrite with lattice constant (a) is 3.318 Å. Both plating and base metal have cubic system. Chemical analysis of plating metal at surface section exhibits that cracks area have highest value of carbon element compare with grains and grains boundaries area. While chemical analysis of base metal at cross section exhibits that perlite have highest value of carbon element compare with ferrite and grain boundaries. The hardness value of plating metal at surface section and cross section are 753 and 637 VHN. While, the hardness value of base metal and interface area at cross section are 205 and 373 VHN. The roughness value at measurement points of chrome surface for as received sample are 0.445 μm. Observation used Optical Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy exhibits surface irregularities combine to form surface texture of plating metal at surface section.
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Judul: Analisis kepuasan dan loyalitas pelanggan Retailer PT. Saung Mihwan Kecamatan Megamendung, Bogor – Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Kepuasan pelanggan merupakan hal yang penting bagi setiap perusahaan. Jadi apabila suatu produk atau pe/ayansn suatu perusailaan telah memenuhi kebutuhan pe/anggannya ilu bisa dikatakan memuaskan. Costumer satisfaction is worthless, costumer loyalty is priceless, kalimat ini menyatakan bahwa suatu perusahaan belapa pentingnya memi/iki pe/anggsn yang /oyal. PT. Saung Mirwan pernah menga/ami kehi/angan pe/anggannya oleh karena itu harus dicari penyebab dari kepergian pe/anggan lersebut. PT. Saung Mirwan merupakan perusa/laan yang bergerak eli bidang agribisnis. F'roeluk,• produknya terdiri dari bermacam-macam sayuran dan bunga-blln9aan. Dalam Penelitian ini produk yang diteliti adalah edamame, paprika, brokoli dan buncis mini. Keempat produk ini merupakan sayur-an pokok PT. Saung Mirwan yang dijual ke pelanggan retailer.
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Judul: Analisis kepuasan pelanggan produk ikan kaleng di kota Bogor
Abstrak: Pelanggan adalah elemen penting dalam pemasaran yang harus dipenuhi kebutuhan dan keinginannya (terpuaskan). Kalau pelanggan tidak merasa puas maka akan meninggalkan perusahaan dan menjadi pelanggan pihak pesaing. Semakin banyak pelanggan yang meninggalkan perusahaan dan menjadi pelanggan pihak pesaing, penjualan perusahaan akan menurun yang pada gilirannya laba perusahaan juga akan menurun karena laba berasal dari hasil penjualan. ltulab sebabnya diperlukan pengukuran tingkat kepuasan pelanggan.
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Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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Judul: Sifat Fisis Mekanis dan Sifat Bakar Kayu Plastik
Abstrak: Langkah awal yang perlu dilakukan dalam pemanfaatan kayu adalah mengetahui sifat-sifat dasarnya. Sifat-sifat dasar tersebut merupakan bahan pertimbangan, apakah kayu itu dapat diolah langsung atau perlu perlakuan khusus guna memodifikasi sifat-sifat kayu tersebut agar nantinya dapat menghasilkan produk yang lebih bermutu.
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Judul: Peningkatan sifat fisis dan mekanis kayu dengan polimerisasi katalis panas
Abstrak: Salah Satu usaha yang kini banyak dilakukan guna memodifikası sifat-sifat kayu sehingga nantinya dihasilkan produk yang mempunyai sifat-sifat fisik dan mekanik yang tinggi adalah proses impregnasi monomer-monomer vinil kedalam kayu. Polimer padat seperti polimetil metakrilat (MMA) telah banyak dipakai guna meningkatkan sifat-sitat dasar kayu.
Keyword: polimerisasi

Judul: A Continuous Vaccination Strategy in the SVIR Epidemic Model
Abstrak: Vaccination is conducted to minimize the spread of a disease. The vaccination is usually done several times within a fixed time interval. In the SVIR model, it is assumed that individuals do not get immediate immunity following a vaccination program. So according to process of vaccination on SVIR model, there are two strategies, i.e. the continuous vaccination strategy (CVS) and the pulse vaccination strategy (PVS). In this study, only the CVS strategy in epidemic model SVIR is considered. Results of the study indicate that dynamics of the CVS system depends on the basic reproductive number. If the basic reproductive number is less than one, then the disease-free fixed point is asymptotically stable. It means that the disease will eventually disappear from the population. Conversely, if the basic reproductive number is greater than one, then the endemic fixed point is asymptotically stable, which means that the disease will remain exist in the population. Simulation result shows that the vaccination would minimize the spread of disease by reducing the basic reproductive number. If the time for the vaccinated recipients to obtain the immunity, as well as a possibility of vaccinated recipients to be infected are neglected, then the disease will be eradicated. This condition is called an over-evaluating effect of vaccination.
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Judul: Study of Deroulability in 14 Cultivars of Poplar: Analysis Cutting Force and Lathe Checks of Veneer in Micro-Lathe
Abstrak: Poplar is well known for its large wood production. Through this work, the objective of this study seeks to identify the qualities of new cultivars of poplar and classify these new cultivars in a reference quality poplar wood (by evaluating the lathe check phenomenon and measurement of cutting forces in micro-lathe). The 42 disks of 14 cultivars and three stations were conducted in 3 mm for two types of veneer, "heartwood" and "sapwood". The 14 cultivars are concerned from cultivars currently on the market of plant poplar. The micro-lathe was used to measure cutting forces. Veneer of peeling process in micro-lathe was observed using a device called SMOF for systematic and objective analysis of lathe check in the veneer. The result is shown that there no significant effect of the radial position (heartwood and sapwood) and cultivar on the cutting force (Xc/force knife vertical, Yc/force knife horizontal, Xb/force bar vertical, and Yb/force bar horizontal), depth and percentage of lathe check.
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Judul: Analisis Gaya Pemotongan dan Kualitas Permukaan Vinir Kayu Poplar (Populus spp.)
Abstrak: Fourteen new Poplar (Populus spp.) cultivars were studied in order to create the referential of Poplar quality. This report presents the results of their ability to peeling and an analysis of the quality of its products, veneers. The logs were peeling into veneers. Peeling process was differentiated by radial position, sapwood and false heartwood. Analyses of variances were used to interpret the data obtained by moisture content, percentage of fuzzy grain, the number of wave veneer, radius of wave veneer, area of wave veneer, and the cutting force consisting of Xc (vertical knife), Yc (horizontal knife), Xb (vertical bar), and Yb (horizontal bar). All of Poplar cultivar have a low specific gravity (0.30-0.38) so they were easy to peeling and have a low cutting effort. It also has sufficient moisture content. Among those cultivars, the Dvina shows a poor ability to peeling and surface quality of veneer. The radial position is significantly affected to moisture content, cutting forces, and fuzzy grain. But the values between two radial positions were not significantly different since the anatomical of Poplar was less heterogen.
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Judul: Trichomonas Gallinae Penyebab Trichomonosis Pada Unggas
Abstrak: Trichomonas gallinae adalah protozoa yang bergerak aktof dengan keempat flagella yang mempunyai layar dan pada salah satu sisinya terdapat membran seperti sirip ikan yang berombak. Spesies dari genus Trichomonas ini mempunyai arti penting pada unggas, karena dapat menyebabkan infeksi pada alat pencernaan bagian atas.
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