Judul: Crystal and Optical Properties Testing of Thin  Films of Barium Strontium Titanate (Ba0,4Sr0.6TiO3) Doped with Cuprum (II)  Acetate (Cu(CH3COO)2)
Abstrak: Film tipis Ba0,4Sr0,6TiO3 dengan variasi konsentrasi pendadah tembaga asetat (0, 0,5, dan 1%) pada substrat Si tipe-p (1 0 0) sebanyak lima lapis menggunakan metode Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) dengan teknik spin coating (3000 rpm, selama 60 detik) dengan konsentrasi 2M telah berhasil di sintesis. Proses annealing ditahan pada suhu 850 oC selama 8 jam dengan kelajuan peningkatan suhu sebesar 1,67 oC/menit. Uji sifat kristal menggunakan XRD dengan metode Cramer-Cohen menunjukkan struktur kristal tetap berbentuk tetragonal dengan nilai parameter kisi yang semakin menurun. Hasil uji sifat oftik menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis pada metode Kubelka-Munk dengan relasi Tauc Plot menghasilkan energi bandgap yang semakin mengecil. Bandgap tersebut berturut-turut 2,30, 2,29, dan 2,26 eV. Sedangkan uji optik menggunakan FTIR dengan relasi Kramers-Kronig diperoleh penurunan bilangan gelombang pada mode vibrasi fonon optik longitudinal (LO), optik tranversal (TO), serta penurunan hasil perpotongan dielektrik real dan imajiner., Thin films of Ba0,4Sr0,6TiO3 with varying concentrations of copper acetate dopant (0, 0.5, dan 1%) on p-type Si (1 0 0) substrates consisting of five layers were successfully synthesized using the Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) method with spin coating technique (3000 rpm, for 60 seconds) with a concentration of 2M. The annealing process was held at a temperature of 850 oC for 8 hours with a temperature increase rate of 1,67 oC minute. Crystal property testing using XRD with the Cramer-Cohen method showed a tetragonal crystal structure remaining and resulted in decreasing lattice parameter values. Optical property testing using UV-Vis spectrophotometer with the Kubelka-Munk method and Tauc Plot relationship yielded a decreasing bandgap energy with increasing dopant concentration. The bandgap values were sequentially 2,30, 2,29, 2,26 eV. Meanwhile, optical testing using FTIR with the Kramers-Kronig relationship resulted in a decrease in wavenumber in longitudinal optical phonon (LO) vibration mode, transverse optical (TO), as well as a decrease in the real and imaginary dielectric constant intersection results.
Keyword: Ba0.4Sr0.6TiO3, CSD, pendadah tembaga, Ba0.4Sr0.6TiO3, copper dopant, CSD, crystal properties, pendadah tembaga, sifat kristal, sifat optik

Judul: Characterization the Crystal and Optical Properties of Copper Doped Strontium Titanate (SrTiO3) Thin Films Using Spectrophotometry Method
Abstrak: Film tipis Stronsium Titanat (SrTiO3) didadah dengan variasi konsentrasi Tembaga (0%; 0,5%; dan 1%) berhasil disintesis dengan metode Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD). Film dideposisikan diatas substrat Si tipe-p (1 0 0) sebanyak lima lapis menggunakan teknik spin coating (3000 rpm, selama 60 detik) dengan konsentrasi 2M. Proses annealing ditahan pada suhu 850 oC selama 8 jam dengan kelajuan peningkatan suhu sebesar 1,67 oC/menit, kemudian uji sifat kristal dan optik menggunakan metode spektrofotometri. Uji menggunakan XRD, baik metode Cramer-Cohen dan Rietveld MAUD menunjukkan struktur kristal tetap berbentuk kubus dan terjadi penurunan parameter kisi. Hasil FTIR menggunakan relasi Kramers-Kronig diperoleh penurunan bilangan gelombang mode vibrasi fonon TO, LO, perpotongan dielektrik real (Ɛ1) dan imajiner (Ɛ2) yang menunjukkan terjadinya red shift terhadap penambahan konsentrasi pendadah Tembaga (Cu). Uji Spektrofotometer UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang < 380 nm meningkatkan serapan foton dan panjang gelombang ≥ 380 nm meningkatkan reflektansi foton, dari metode Kubelka-Munk dengan relasi Tauc Plot diperoleh energi celah pita berturut-turut 3,44 eV; 3,05 eV; 3,04 eV., Strontium Titanate (SrTiO3) thin films doped with various concentrations of Copper (0%; 0,5%; and 1%) were successfully synthesized using the Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) method. The films were deposited on Si type-p (1 0 0) substrate in five layers using a spin coating technique (3000 rpm, for 60 s) with a concentration of 2M. The annealing process was held at 850 oC for 8 hours with a temperature increase rate of 1,67 oC/min, then the crystal and optical properties were characterized using spectrophotometric methods. Characterization using XRD, both Cramer-Cohen and Rietveld MAUD methods showed crystal structure remained cubic and decreased lattice parameters. The result of FTIR using the Kramers-Kronig relation obtained a decrease in the wave number of TO, LO, real (Ɛ1) and imaginary (Ɛ2) dielectric intersections which showed a red shift towards the addition of Copper (Cu) concentrations. Spectrophotometer UV-Vis showed at wavelengths <380 nm increased photon absorption and wavelengths ≥ 380 nm increased photon reflectance, from the Kubelka-Munk method with Tauc Plot relations obtained band gap energy respectively 3,44 eV; 3,05 eV; 3,04 eV
Keyword: copper doped, crystal properties, CSD, optical properties, SrTiO3

Judul: Zoonosis yang baru muncul bersumber satwa liar dan tantangan kesehatan masyarakat veteriner
Abstrak: The objective of this scientific writing was to review the emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) which are zoonotic and originate in wildlife causing great negative impacts on public health, economy, social, politic, and national security. Furthermore, factors triggering the emergence and spread of emerging zoonotic diseases and global efforts in anticipating them were discussed in this review. It is recognized that EID are a significant burden on global economies and public health. Their emergence is thought to be driven largely by socio-economic, environmental and ecological factors. EID events are dominated by zoonoses (60.3% of EIDs) and the majority of these (71.8%) originate in wildlife, e.g., severe acute respiratory virus (SARS virus) and Ebola virus. The importance and recognition of wildlife as a reservoir of zoonoses are increasing. Emerging zoonoses (EZs) have been assumed increasing importance in public and animal health. Cost effective prevention and control of these zoonoses need an interdisciplinary and holistic approach and international cooperation. Surveillance, laboratory capability, research, training and education, and communication are key elements. Globalization has created many new challenges, particularly with regard to animal, human, and environmental health. New approaches in prevention, control, and eradication of zoonotic diseases have been developed and introduced worldwide, i.e., one health and ecohealth. The one health concept is a worldwide strategy for expanding interdisciplinary collaboration and communications in all aspects of health care for humans and animals, while ecohealth approach is to improve human health and well-being while simultaneously maintaining a healthy ecosystem.
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