Judul: Rancang Bangun Sistem Pemanenan Air Hujan Skala Rumah Tangga
Abstrak: Konservasi sumber daya air dapat dilakukan dengan pemanenan air hujan. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang bangun sistem pemanenan air hujan, merancang sistem filtrasi air hujan untuk menghasilkan air bersih, dan melakukan uji kinerja rancang bangun sistem pemanenan air hujan. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Februari-Mei 2022. Pengolahan data dilakukan menggunakan data curah hujan 15 tahun terakhir (tahun 2007-2021) yang diperoleh dari Stasiun Klimatologi BMKG Kota Bogor. Hasil rancang bangun sistem pemanenan air hujan dari atap seluas 45,25 m2 terdiri dari talang, saringan, first flush diverter, penampung sedimen, rainwaterfill, bak penampungan air hujan, saluran overflow, dan tandon. Ketersediaan air hujan diperoleh sebesar 277,91 liter/hari dan dapat memenuhi kebutuhan air dua orang. Sistem filtrasi dirancang dan dibangun dengan susunan media filter dari inlet ke outlet ialah kerikil besar, kerikil kecil, spon dan ijuk, karbon aktif, spon dan ijuk, pasir zeolit, pasir silika, dan spon dan kapas secara berurutan. Kualitas air hujan hasil filtrasi memenuhi standar baku mutu yang berlaku untuk keperluan higiene sanitasi. Penggunaan sistem pemanenan air hujan dapat menghemat biaya pengeluaran air PDAM sebesar Rp698.791 per tahun. Tandon yang digunakan berkapasitas 2100 liter dan dapat memenuhi kebutuhan air dalam rumah tangga selama 4 hari.
Keyword: air hujan, filtrasi, kualitas air, rancang bangun

Judul: Perancangan dan Pemanfaatan Penampung Air Hujan Skala Unit Rumah di Perumahan Alam Sinar Sari Dramaga
Abstrak: Ketersediaan air bersih tidak sebanding dengan pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk, sehingga perlu adanya strategi untuk menyediakan air bersih. Salah satu upaya adalah dengan menggunakan bak penampung air hujan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merencanakan volume penampung air hujan untuk skala rumah tangga dan memodifikasi alat filter sederhana untuk memperbaiki kualitas air hujan. Penelitian ini diawali dengan pengumpulan data berupa data curah hujan harian maksimum serta kualitas air hujan. Data curah hujan digunakan untuk menentukan dimensi penampung air hujan yang disimulasikan dengan neraca air. Air hujan yang telah disaring menggunakan filter sederhana, kemudian diuji kualitasnya. Air hujan dimanfaatkan jika kualitasnya sudah memenuhi baku mutu kelas II. Material filter yang digunakan adalah spon, kapas, ijuk, kerikil, karbon aktif, serta zeolit. Kapasitas penampung air hujan yang disimulasikan dengan neraca air adalah 250 lt, 330 lt, 500 lt, 1,000 lt, 1,500 lt, 2,000 lt, 2,500 lt, dan 3,000 lt. Volume bak penampung air hujan yang terpilih adalah 330 lt berdasarkan rata-rata pemenuhan kebutuhan. Modifikasi filter sederhana mampu meningkatan kualitas fisika air hujan dengan susunan dan ketebalan yang telah ditentukan.
Keyword: air hujan, filter, kebutuhan domestik, penampung air hujan

Judul: Phylogeography and Species Limits in the Papuan White Snake (Micropechis ikaheka) (Reptilia: Serpentes: Elapidae)
Abstrak: Papua white snake, Micropechis ikaheka, has been distingushed into two subspecies M.i. ikaheka and M.i. fasciatus. However, due to lack of data on their morphology, distribution and ecology, both subspecies often ignored in scintific discussions and refers only byas , Micropechis ikaheka. This study was designed to document the differences between M.i. ikaheka and M.i fasciatus by using scales characteristics and reproductive organ or hemipenes. The study also examine, zoogeography, habitat, diet and cannibalism of both subspecies to better understanding the the ecology of one of the most venomous snakes in the world. This study consists of three topics with method and also different in the size samples, respectively. The first study is the histology and microtopography of the skin were studied using paraffin method and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The second is the hemipenis were examined by following Myers and Cadle (2003), and Zaher and Prudente (2003). The third is the abdominal surgery was carried out to document diet type and the investigate phenomenon of cannibalism in the snake. Specimens for this study came from the collection from Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB) and Universitas Negeri Papua’s Laboratory (LZU). The research result also indicated that the markers of skin and hemipenis described the same structure and microornamentation in all M. ikaheka groups being compared. Based specimens examined morphological descriptions do not s support the further differentiation in Micropechis. In short, two markers that used in this study could not sufficiently indicate the differences in the level of species and subspecies of M. ikaheka. The study, however, were able to delineate zoogeography and skin color patterns, which fall into four groups: M. i. ikaheka; M. i. fasciatus. M. i. ssp. “intermediate”; and M. i. ssp “black”. This study also revealed that color variations did not overlap in their geographic distribution. It is therefore, it suggested that environmental factors may contribute to the skin color variations. It also assumed that habitat discontinuous and biogeography factors may also cause the loss of the connection between the original populations (vicarians) or follow colonization events (dispersal). The examined of 22 stomach contents of M. ikaheka shows this species is carnivorous, and prey on vertebrates such as amphibians, fish, reptiles, and Mammals. These snakes are opportunistic predators since they prey on all that can be captured, but mainly reptiles (61.5%), followed by mammals and fish (both 15.4%), and amphibians (7.7%). Although categorized as terrestrial animal, the diet study showed that M. ikaheka snakes often go into the water to hunt for fish (the sample from Yapen island), including eel (the sample from Aru island). Based on prey items indentified, there is evidence that M. ikaheka is cannibal. At this time, there still no record on reason for cannibalism, but it is assumed that cannibalism was due to competition between populations and means to control population.
Keyword: geographic variation, white snake, papua