Judul: Grouping of Ganoderma Species Based On Hymenophore Characters Using Multivariate Morphometric Method.
Abstrak: Ganoderma spp. diidentifikasi dengan berbagai cara antara lain berdasarkan karakter morfologi dengan metode konvensional dan metode molekuler tetapi, karakterisasi morfologi secara morfometrik belum pernah dilakukan sebelumnya. Metode morfometrik multivariat digunakan untuk identifikasi Ganoderma spp. menggunakan karakter himenofor (luas pori, kerapatan pori/5 mm2, jumlah pori/1 mm garis, jumlah harmonik, panjang perimeter, dan panjang dissepiment). Sampel terdiri atas data dari literatur yang diketahui nama jenisnya dan sampel dari lapang (G1-G15) yang diperoleh dari wilayah kampus IPB University dan sekitarnya. Hasil pengukuran dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA, Heatmap Clustering Analysis (HCA), Principal Component Analysis (PCA)-Biplot, dan analisis korelasi. Hasil penelitian analisis HCA dan PCA-Biplot menunjukkan bahwa semua sampel dikelompokkan dalam 4 kelompok yang sama kecuali G. multiplicatum. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa G. destructans, G. dunense, dan G. enigmaticum berada dalam satu kelompok (kelompok 1) serta G. australe, G. gibbosum, G. lingzhi, dan G. lucidum berada dalam satu kelompok (kelompok 3). Dua kelompok ini didukung oleh hasil molekuler dari beberapa literatur. Dua pengelompokan sampel tersebut juga didukung oleh 1-2 karakter dominan., Ganoderma identified in various ways, including based on morphological characters with conventional methods and molecular methods, however, morphological characterization by morphometrics has never been done before. Multivariate morphometric methods were used to identify Ganoderma spp. using hymenophore characters (pore area, pore density/5 mm2, number of pores/1 mm line, number of harmonics, perimeter length, and dissepiment length). The sample consists of data from literature with known species names and field samples (G1-G15) obtained from the IPB University and surrounding area. The measurement results were analyzed using ANOVA, Heatmap Clustering Analysis (HCA), Principal Component Analysis (PCA)-Biplot, and correlation. The results of the HCA and PCA-Biplot analysis showed that all samples were grouped into the same 4 groups, except for G. multiplicatum. The analysis showed that G. destructans, G. dunense, and G. enigmaticum were in one group (group 1) and G. australe, G. gibbosum, G. lingzhi, and G. lucidum were in one group (group 3). Both groups are supported by molecular results from several literatures. Both groupings are also supported by 1-2 dominant characters.
Keyword: Ganoderma spp., Himenofor, ImageJ, Morfologi, Morfometrik Multivariat

Judul: Identifikasi Ganoderma spp dan Trichoderma spp menggunakan marka molekuler ITS-RFLP
Abstrak: Genetic informations of Ganoderma spp and Trichoderma spp are needed because Ganoderma spp is one of important fungi patogen in estate crops, whereas Trichoderma spp is fungi that can control Ganoderma spp. Research has been conducted to identify the fungi morphologically and physiologically. Due to the low level of accuracy, the use of ITS-RFLP method is expected to identify the species of Trichoderma spp and Ganoderma spp more accurate and specific. The method used are preparation of pure isolates, genomic DNA isolation, amplification by PCR using primers ITS1_ITS4 and ITS5_ITS4, digesting with restriction enzymes AluI, MspI, MluI, and MnlI, and sequencing amplicons. The size of genomic DNA isolated from six samples were about 3000 bp. Trichoderma spp amplicons size were 680 bp, whereas Ganoderma spp amplicons were ranged from 600 to 700 bp. Restriction enzymes that produce the most polymorphic bands pattern are MspI. Samples with different patterns and size of bands indicated a different species, whereas the similar pattern and size of bands shows close relations.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Restriction enzyme, PCR, ITS-RFLP, Ganoderma spp, Trichoderma spp

Judul: Pembuatan Film Tipis Cu2ZnSnS4 sebagai Lapisan Penyerap Cahaya pada Sel Surya Menggunakan Metode Elektrodeposisi
Abstrak: Thin film of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is an alternative semiconductor used as light absorber layer on solar cell. CZTS can replace silicon that commonly used as commercial semiconductor. The advantage of using CZTS as absorber layer is due to the abundance of its chemical composer on earth, and its high value of absorption coefficient. The absorber layer was made by using electrodeposition method on ITO glass substrates. The films were deposited at room temperature using potentiostatic mode with a potential of –1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes. After that, the films were annealed at two different temperatures, 180 ºC and 500 °C, for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. Based on X-ray diffraction analysis, the polycrystalline thin film obtained fall into kesterite crystal phase. This type of crystal was obtained when the CZTS was annealed at 500 °C in H2S/N2 atmosphere. The value of optical band gap energy for the CZTS thin film was 2.2 eV with the film thickness about 1.228–6.366 μm. The sample of CZTS with electrodeposition time of 45 minutes and annealing temperature of 500 °C showed the best result and in conformity with absorber layers criteria for solar cells.
Keyword: semiconductor, ITO glass, CZTS thin film, electrodeposition