Judul: Pematahan Dormansi Benih Bintaro (Cerbera manghas Linn.)
Abstrak: The process of bintaro (Cerbera manghas Linn.) seed germination require a long time because it has a type of mechanical dormancy. Preliminary treatment needs to be done seeds dormancy breaking one of the way is by soaking the fruit or the seeds into the water. The purpose of this research is to determine effect of peeling the rind treatment and the time length of soaking bintaro fruit toward seeds germination, and to determine the seeds soaking time length toward the germination of Bintaro seeds. The result of this research shows that peeling the rind and the interaction between peeling the rind with fruits soaking time length does not have a real effect toward the germination parameters of bintaro fruits, on the other hands time length of soaking bintaro fruit give significant effect to germination potential and germination value, as well as very significantly effect to germination rate and growth speed. The optimum time length of soaking the bintaro fruit in dormancy breaking is 3 weeks. The time length of seed soaking give significant effect to germination potential, germination rate and germination value. The optimum time length of soaking bintaro seeds in seeds dormancy is 6 hours. Seed germination of bintaro can be done by soaking bintaro fruit into the water for 3 weeks before, or by soaking seeds into the water for 6 hours.
Keyword: seeds dormancy, pretreatment, germination parameters, Cerbera manghas

Judul: Pematahan Dormansi Benih Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) dengan Perendaman dalam Air Panas dan Giberelin
Abstrak: This research was conducted at Seed Processing Unit PT Astra Agro Lestari Tbk, Pangkalan Bun, Central Borneo on May-August 2014. The purpose of this research was to study dormancy breaking methods of oil palm seeds by hot water soaking and gibberellin application. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with two factors. The first factor was water soaking intensity, consisted of five levels (seeds were soaked in water at 26 ˚C for 7 days [P0], seeds were soaked in 80˚C hot water for 3x24 hours [P1], P1 + water at 26 ˚C for 2 days [P2], P1 + water at 26 ˚C for 4 days [P3], dan P1 + water at 26 ˚C for 6 days [P4]). The second factor was soaking in gibberellin (0, 50, and 100 ppm) after water soaking treatment. The result showed that gibberellin application did not give significant effect on germination of oil palm seed. Seeds of crossing number 2 which was soaked in hot water for 3x24 hours (P1) or seeds of crossing number 5 which was soaked in hot water for 3x24 hours then in water at 26 ˚C for 6 days (P4) were considered as the best treatments with average germination of 41% and 41.6%. However, the percentage of seeds attacked by fungi in treatment P4 was higher (2.3-2.7%) compared to P1 (0-0.7%). Total time required for dormancy breaking and germination by soaking in hot water was faster (46 days) than conventional method (113 days). However, germination percentage of oil palm seeds soaked in hot water was still low (42%), compared to the conventional method (74.7%).
Keyword: breaking dormancy time, conventional method, germination, soaking intensity

Judul: Dynamic New Keynesian Model for Unemployment and Inflation Rate.
Abstrak: This paper deals with a scientific analysis of the equilibrium level of hiring, employment and unemployment. The basic model being used is a standard new Keynesian model, which states that utility function depends on consumptions and working hours. Utility maximization refers to a standard labour supply equation, with the marginal cost’s dynamics on new Keynesian model simply reflects movements in real wages and productivity. Furthermore, trade-off between output and inflation stabilization can be considered using the new Keynesian Phillips curve. Dynamic general equilibrium model is a model that can be used to study interactions between market imperfections and nominal rigidities, which is capable of overcoming the main shortcoming of the standard new Keynesian model. In the general equilibrium model there are three groups of the economy agents, namely households, firms and monetary authority. The results of this research science that bargaining processes between firms and workers will yield optimal wage. Increase in labour will cause wages to fall, but the unemployment rate can be reduced. An increase in the firm’s monopoly power will shift the labour demand curve downward, which will reduce the number of workers that firm is willing to hire for any given bargained wage.
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