Judul: Pemanfaatan Data Citra Satelit untuk Memetakan Tingkat Kerentanan Pantai di Kabupaten Lumajang
Abstrak: Wilayah pantai merupakan salah satu kawasan yang relatif dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas manusia, sehingga membuat pantai rentan terhadap perubahan lingkungan. Pengaruh fisik yang mempengaruhi kerentanan pantai adalah kenaikan muka air laut, pasang surut, dan gelombang yang dapat merusak infrastruktur serta menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui dan memetakan kerentanan pantai di Kabupaten Lumajang, Jawa Timur menggunakan algoritma Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI). Metode yang digunakan memanfaatkan data citra satelit dan pengamatan lapang yang dilakukan secara langsung. Parameter yang digunakan yaitu elevasi, kenaikan paras laut, gelombang, perubahan garis pantai, pasang surut, dan geomorfologi. Hasil yang didapat yaitu kategori kerentanan pantai dibagi ke dalam lima kelas yaitu, sangat rendah, rendah, sedang, tinggi, dan sangat tinggi. Parameter yang memberikan dampak besar terhadap kerentanan pantai di Kabupaten Lumajang adalah kenaikan muka laut yang dapat membahayakan daerah pantai serta merusak pemukiman atau infrastruktur di sekitar pantai., The coastal area is one area that is relatively influenced by human activities, this making the coast vulnerable to environmental changes. The physical influences that influence coastal vulnerability are sea level rise, tides, and waves which can damage infrastructure and cause economic losses. The purpose of this study is to identify and map coastal vulnerability in Lumajang Regency, East Java using an algorithm Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI). The method used utilizes satellite imagery data and direct field observations. The parameters used are elevation, sea level rise, waves, shoreline changes, tides, and geomorphology. The results obtained are that the beach vulnerability category is divided into five classes, very low, low, medium, high, and very high. Parameters that have a major impact on coastal vulnerability in Lumajang Regency are sea level rise which can endanger coastal areas and damage settlements or infrastructure around the coast.
Keyword: kerentanan, pantai, CVI, Kabupaten Lumajang, CVI, vulnerability, Lumajang Regency, coastal

Judul: Tsunami Hazard Mapping in Coastal Lumajang District Using Geographical Information Systems
Abstrak: Kabupaten Lumajang merupakan wilayah yang sangat rentan terhadap ancaman bencana tsunami. Hal ini terjadi dikarenakan wilayah Kabupaten Lumajang berhadapan langsung dengan pertemuan lempeng Eurasia dan lempeng Indo-Australia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan dan menganalisis bahaya tsunami di Kabupaten Lumajang menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) dengan dua skenario ketinggian tsunami, yaitu 10 meter dan 25,4 meter. Metode Berryman digunakan dalam pemetaan bahaya tsunami dengan mengaplikasikan perhitungan matematis yang mempertimbangkan parameter karakteristik garis pantai, koefisien kekasaran permukaan, kemiringan lereng, dan ketinggian tsunami di garis pantai. Daerah yang berpotensi tergenang tsunami akan ditampilkan dalam bentuk peta bahaya yang diklasifikasikan ke dalam tiga tingkatan. Hasil pemetaan menunjukkan bahwa pada skenario 10 meter, 5 kecamatan berpotensi tergenang tsunami dengan total luas terdampak 4.344,6 hektar, dengan Kecamatan Pasirian memiliki area terdampak terluas. Skenario 25,4 meter berdampak pada 5 kecamatan dengan total luas mencapai 9.980,4 hektar, dengan Kecamatan Yosowilangun menjadi yang terluas., Kabupaten Lumajang is a region highly vulnerable to the threat of tsunamis due to its direct exposure to the convergence of the Eurasian and Indo-Australian tectonic plates. The purpose of this research is to map and analyze tsunami hazards in Lumajang Regency using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) with two tsunami height scenarios, namely 10 meters and 25,4 meters. The Berryman method was used in tsunami hazard mapping by applying mathematical calculations that considered the characteristic parameters of the coastline, surface roughness coefficient, slope, and tsunami height at the coastline.. Areas potentially inundated by tsunamis were depicted in hazard maps categorized into three levels of risk. The mapping results revealed that in the 10-meter scenario, 5 districts were risk of tsunami inundation, with a total affected area of 4.344,6 hectares, with Pasirian District having the largest impacted area. In the 25,4-meter scenario, 5 districts were affected with a total area of 9.980,4 hectares, and Yosowilangun District had the most extensive impact area.
Keyword: Metode Berryman, Peta Bahaya, SIG, Skenario Tsunami, Tsunami, Berryman Method, GIS, Hazard Map, Tsunami Scenarios

Judul: Sintesis Flavon dari Fenol dan Benzoil Klorida
Abstrak: Flavone is a class of flavonoid, commonly found in plants with wide bioactivity spectrum. A widely used flavone synthesis route is through acidcatalyzed oxidative cyclization of β-diketone. In this study, unsubstituted flavone had been synthesized via 5-step from phenol, with 22% yield and successfully increased the yield of previous study on Fries rearrangement of phenyl acetate and benzoylation of o-HAP steps. Phenol was acetylated resulting 93% phenyl acetate. AlCl3-catalyzed Fries rearrangement in 1.5 hour and at 120 °C converted phenyl acetate into o-hydroxyacetophenone (o-HAP) with 40% yield. AlCl3 as catalyst produced o-HAP with higher and reproducible yield compared with BF3·Et2O and ZnCl2. Benzoylation of o-HAP followed by Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement of the ester product using KOH in dried pyridine produced β-diketone 1-(2- hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropane-1,3-dione. The yield of ester and β-diketone were 71% and 85%, respectively. Finally, oxidative cyclization of β-diketone with sulphuric acid as catalyst produced 99% of flavone. The flavone product had been characterized spectroscopically and its melting point as well.
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