Judul: Toksisitas Subkronis Ekstrak Etanol 70% Daun Wungu (Graptophyllum Pictum (Linn) Griff) pada Mencit.
Abstrak: Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff is one of the family Acanthaceae. This plant contains alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroids, as well as having antidiabetic activity. But consume this plant safely has not been test, so it needs subchronics toxicity test and histopathological observations. The subchronics toxicity of Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff leaf will do for 3 months. During the treatment of mice give peroral Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff extract daily and divide into 4 doses, they are 100 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, and distilled water as control. Measurements of mice body weight and mortality observations made during the study. Mice body weight has increase during the study. Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff leaf ethanol extract doesn’t give number of LD50 subchronic toxicity. Number of death mice in normal groups is 4 mice, 100 mg/kg groups is 3 mice, 500 mg/kg group is 2 mice, and 1000 mg/kg is one mice. Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff leaf ethanol extract for dose 100 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg give damage in histopathology of kidney, heart, and lung, for dose 1000 mg/kg give damage in histopathology of kidney. Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff leaf ethanol extract give damage effect in organs.
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Judul: Keamanan Ekstrak Etanol 96% Daun Wungu (Graptophyllum Pictum (L.) Griff) Melalui Kajian Histopat Organ Mencit.
Abstrak: This study aims to test the safety and effect of 96% ethanol extract of leaves Wungu (Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff) against murine organs (liver and kidney). Security Wungu leaves tested for 3 months with subkronis toxicity methods. Grouping of experimental animals were divided into 4 groups, namely, the 100 mg / kg bb, 500 mg / kg bb, 1000 mg / kg bb and normal. The group was observed and seen the death and his body weight in treatment. Safety testing is conducted for 3 months showed that the leaf Wungu safe and beneficial in adding to the animal life. Experimental animals used in these experiments is that mice with a number of 10 fish per group. Age of mice used is 2 months. The results of death analysis produces data that can not be calculated in the LD 50 because the accretion death at the highest dose while the accretion death a little more at the lowest dose increased. Once that was done histopathologically to see the damage that occurs in the whole body. Safety testing has been conducted shows that 96% ethanol extract of leaves Wungu safe because of the death of mice used for all groups of less than 50%. When examined further conclusions based on data obtained on the histopathology of the life expectancy of mice is more in line with the addition of a large dose of a compound that is used to indicate the possibility of having the ability to increase survival of mice caused 96% ethanol extract of leaves Wungu
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Judul: Construction of Strongly Optimal Binary Linear Code with Minimum Distance 9 and 11
Abstrak: A binary linear code of length n over q F is a subspace of n q F . A code has three parameters that attached to it, namely length, dimension, and minimum distance. A code with length n, dimension k and minimum distance d is often called [n, k, d ]-code. Usually, when two parameters are given, then we want to find a code that has the best value for the last parameter. Based on Gilbert- Varshamov bound, if a [n, k, d ]-code exists and can not be expanded, we call it a strongly optimal code. In this paper, we construct strongly optimal code with minimum distance 9 and 11. In constructing the code, we created a theorem and algorithm based on Gilbert-Varshamov bound before we implement the algorithm to MAPLE programming language. Because of computational limitations, the program can only construct up to k = 10 for d = 9 and k = 12 for d = 11.
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