Judul: Characteristics of Estrous and Folliculogenesis of  Boerja Goats with Rations Containing Protected Unsaturated Fatty Acids and  Antioxidant
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan dan mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian asam lemak tidak jenuh terproteksi dan antioksidan dalam ransum calon induk kambing Boerja terhadap karakteristik estrus dan jumlah folikel. Penelitian ini menggunakan 2 perlakuan yaitu R0: Ransum PUFA + antioksidan 200 ppm; R1: Ransum PUFA Terproteksi + antioksidan 200 ppm dengan 5 ulangan dan dianalisis dengan Uji T. Peubah yang diukur yaitu konsumsi zat makanan, BCS, karakteristik estrus, karakteristik vulva, dan jumlah folikel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan PUFA terproteksi dan antioksidan nyata (P<0,05) meningkatkan nilai BCS dan suhu saat estrus, menghasilkan jumlah folikel besar lebih banyak, jumlah folikel kecil rendah, memperpendek lama estrus, tetapi tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) terhadap konsumsi zat makanan, onset estrus, dan jumlah folikel sedang. Simpulan penelitian ini yaitu penggunaan asam lemak tidak jenuh terproteksi dan antioksidan pada kambing Boerja menghasilkan onset estrus yang sama, memperpendek lama estrus, respon estrus 100%, jumlah folikel kecil lebih rendah, dan jumlah folikel besar lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan penggunaan asam lemak tidak jenuh yang tidak diproteksi., The aim of this study was to compare and evaluation the provision effect of protected PUFA and antioxidant addition in the ration of replacement Boerja nulliparaous on estorus characteristic and total follicles. This research used 2 treatments, namely R0: PUFA ration + 200 ppm antioxidant; R1: protected PUFA ration +200 ppm antioxidant with 5 replicates and analyzed by T test. The variables measured were nutrient intake, BCS, estrous characteristics, vulva characteristics, and total of follicles. The results showed that use protected PUFA and antioxidant significant (P<0.05) improve BCS value and temperate during estrous, produce a greater number of large follicle, a lower number of small follicles, shortened the estrous length, while it did not significantly (P>0.05) on nutrient intake, onset of estrous, and moderate total. In conclusion, protected PUFA ration and antioxidant in boerja goats resulted on the effect same onset estrous, short estrous duration, 100% estrous respons, lower number small follicles, and number of large follicles is more to compared the use unprotected PUFA.
Keyword: antioxidant, estrous characteristics, fatty acids,goat, ration

Judul: Hematology and Blood Metabolites of Boerja Goats in Premating Phase with Rations Containing Protected PUFA
Abstrak: Pemberian PUFA menjadi salah satu upaya untuk mengoptimalkan potensi prolifik pada kambing Boerja fase dara. PUFA yang dinilai dapat memberikan dampak positif terhadap proses reproduksi adalah omega-3 dan omega-6. Penggunaan PUFA tersebut rentan mengalami biohidrogenasi dalam rumen, sehingga diperlukan proteksi dalam bentuk sabun kalsium. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi hematologi dan metabolit darah kambing Boerja fase dara yang diberi ransum mengandung PUFA terproteksi. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok dengan 2 perlakuan dan 5 kelompok. Perlakuan terdiri dari P0 yang merupakan ransum mengandung PUFA tanpa proteksi, dan P1 merupakan ransum mengandung PUFA terproteksi. Peubah yang diukur adalah konsumsi zat makanan, hematologi, dan metabolit darah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan PUFA terproteksi tidak menghasilkan perbedaan nyata (P>0,05) pada konsumsi zat makanan, hematokrit, hemoglobin, BDM, BDP, limfosit, neutrofil, eosinofil, monosit fase luteal, basofil fase luteal, kadar glukosa, trigliserida, dan albumin. Perlakuan PUFA terproteksi memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata (P<0,05) pada persentase monosit dan basofil pada fase folikuler, serta kadar kolesterol. Kata kunci: hematologi, kambing, metabolit, PUFA terproteksi, Providing PUFA can be an effort to optimize the prolific potential of heiferstage Boerja goats. PUFAs that are considered have positive impact on reproductive system are omega-3 and omega-6. The use of PUFA is susceptible to biohydrogenation in rumen, so protection in calcium soap form is needed. This research aimed to evaluate hematology and blood metabolites of heifer-stage Boerja goat fed a rations containing protected PUFA. The experimental design used was randomized block design with 2 treatment and 5 groups. The treatment consisted of P0 (ration containing PUFA without protection), and P1 (ration containing protected PUFA). The observed variable were nutrient consumption, hematology, and blood metabolites. The result showed that treatment of protected PUFA had no different significant (P>0,05) on nutrient consumption, hematocrit, hemoglobin, erythrocyte, leukocyte, lymphocytes, neutrophils, luteal phase monocytes, luteal phase basophils, glucose levels, triglycerides, and albumin. Treatment of protected PUFA had different significant (P>0,05) on percentage of monocytes and basophils in follicular phase, as well as cholesterol levels. Keywords: goat, hematology, metabolite, protected PUFA
Keyword: kambing, hematologi, metabolit, PUFA terproteksi, Darah

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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