Judul: Study In Silico Potential of Papaya Leaves  (Carica papaya L.) as an Immunomodulator Through Interleukin 6 Inhibition
Abstrak: Interleukin 6 dapat memberikan efek sebagai proinflamasi melalui aktivasi trans-signaling sehingga memperparah anjing yang terkena inflammatory bowel disease. Penghambatan interleukin 6 pada sisi aktifnya berpotensi menjadi alternatif pengobatan kasus IBD. Daun pepaya diketahui mengandung senyawa aktif yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai imunomodulator. Penelitian ini bertujuan memprediksi potensi senyawa aktif daun pepaya sebagai inhibitor interleukin 6 menggunakan metode in silico dengan azathioprine sebagai ligan pembanding. Sebanyak lima senyawa yaitu myricetin, cycloartenol, quercetin, kaempferol, dan chlorogenic acid melalui analisis bioavailabilitas dan toksisitas sebelum dilakukan penambatan molekuler. Kelima ligan uji memiliki nilai ?G lebih negatif dibandingkan ligan pembanding dan berikatan pada sisi aktif. Senyawa myricetin menunjukkan hasil penambatan terbaik dengan energi afinitas 6,6 kkal/mol dan pembentukan ikatan hidrogen pada semua sisi aktif, sehingga myricetin berpotensi sebagai inhibitor interleukin 6., Interleukin 6 can be proinflammatory through the activation of transsignaling, thus aggravating dogs affected by inflammatory bowel disease. Inhibition of interleukin 6 on the active site has the potential to be an alternative treatment for IBD cases. Papaya leaves are known contain active compounds that have activity as immunomodulators. This study aims to predict the potential of active compounds in papaya leaves as inhibitors of interleukin 6 using the in silico method with azathioprine as comparator ligand. A total of five compounds, namely myricetin, cycloartenol, quercetin, kaempferol, dan chlorogenic acid were used through bioavailability and toxicity analysis before molecular docking. All of ligand has a more negative ?G value compared to reference ligand and binds to the active site. Myricetin shows the best docking results with an affinity energy of 6.6 kcal/mol and formation of hydrogen bond on all active sites, so that myricetin has potential as an inhibitor of interleukin 6.
Keyword: In silico, daun pepaya, imunomodulator, inflammatory bowel disease, interleukin 6

Judul: Potency of Water Extract Compounds of Papaya Leaves (Carica papaya L.) and Pulai Leaves (Alstonia scholaris L.) as HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors In silico.
Abstrak: Ekstrak tunggal air daun pepaya dan pulai diketahui memiliki aktivitas inhibisi HMG-KoA reduktase (in vitro) yang secara in vivo mampu menurunkan kolesterol darah. Kombinasi kedua ekstrak memberi efek sinergis setara lovastatin, tetapi belum diketahui senyawa aktif serta interaksi yang terjadi dengan enzim tersebut. Penelitian bertujuan mengidentifikasi senyawa aktif pada kedua ekstrak tunggal tersebut menggunakan LC-MS/MS, serta prediksi potensi sebagai inhibitor HMG-KoA reduktase melalui studi in silico. Ekstraksi dilakukan menggunakan metode dekokta, ekstrak kemudian dianalisis menggunakan LC-MS/MS, dan diprediksi potensinya sebagai inhibitor HMG-KoA reduktase melalui studi in silico. Terdeteksi masing-masing 28 senyawa aktif pada kedua ekstrak tunggal. Prediksi toksisitas, bioavailabilitas, dan penambatan molekuler menghasilkan 2 senyawa daun pepaya dan 6 senyawa daun pulai potensial. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah senyawa terbaik daun pepaya (2,4-diaminoptiridine glyoxal) dan daun pulai (xenocoumacin 1) serta senyawa potensial lain memiliki interaksi dengan residu katalitik HMG-KoA reduktase pada Ser684, Asp690, Lys691, dan Lys692., Water extract of papaya and pulai leaves is known to have HMG-CoA reductase inhibitory activity (in vitro) which in vivo can lower blood cholesterol. The combination of the two extracts has a synergistic effect equivalent to lovastatin, but the active compound and the interactions that occur with the enzyme are unknown. The aim of the study was to identify the active compounds in both single extracts using LC-MS/MS, as well as to predict their potential as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors through in silico studies. Extraction was carried out using the decoctal method, the extract was then analyzed using LC-MS/MS, and its potential as an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor was predicted through in silico studies. Each of the 28 active compounds was detected in both single extracts. Two papaya leaf compounds and 6 pulai leaf compounds were obtained which had the potential to pass the prediction of toxicity, bioavailability, and molecular anchoring. The conclusion of this study was the best compounds from papaya leaves (2,4-diaminoptiridine glyoxal) and pulai leaves (xenocoumacin 1) as well as other potential compounds have interactions with HMG-CoA reductase catalytic residues on Ser684, Asp690, Lys691, and Lys692.
Keyword: Alstonia scholaris L., Carica papaya L., HMG-CoA reductase, in silico

Judul: Rancang Bangun Pendeteksi Otomatis Ketinggian Permukaan Air Berbasis Sensor Medan Magnet UGN3503
Abstrak: An automatic detector of water level with sensor UGN3505 as detector of changes water level has been successfully be made for this research. Sensor UGN3505 is a hall effect sensor which works based on the large magnetic fields on the surface. The output voltage generated by the sensor without the influence of a magnetic field is 2,525 volts, the output voltage is different than it should be 0.025 volts is 2.50. This shows that the sensor is not completely free from magnetic field sources, there is still the effect of the Earth's magnetic field to the sensor. Sensor output voltage will increase, with increasing magnetic field on the surface of the sensor. As the central data processing equipment, used microcontroller ATmega16. The input of microcontroller is the changes output voltage of sensor than has been converted into digital data (internal ADC ATmega16) caused the changes of magnetic field. The digital data are readable by microcontroller be processed and displayed in the 16x2 LCD, LED indicator and buzzer. Programs created using software tools CVAVR with C + + language.
Keyword: Sensor UGN3505, magnetic field, hall effect, CVAVR, ATMega16, DC