Judul: Pertumbuhan Gmelina (Gmelina arborea Roxb) pada Beberapa Pola Agroforestri di Desa Sekarwangi, Kecamatan Malangbong, Kabupaten Garut
Abstrak: Agroforestry is a system of land use which combines wooden plants (trees, shrubs, rattan) with plants is not a wooden or may with grass (pasture), sometimes there is a component of livestock and other animals so that ecological interactions between plant formed a wooden and other components. Selection of inappropriate agroforestry pattern will affect the growth of plants by the existence of high competition to get nutrient elements, air, and light of the Sun. Agroforestry patterns which were selected as a treatment are agroforestry pattern one (AgF1) consists of gmelina, suren, mahoni, pete, the dominance of chili plants, and corn. Agroforestri pattern two (AgF2) consists of gmelina, sengon, dominance of plant corn, and cassava. Agroforestri pattern three (AgF3) consists of gmelina, suren, crop the dominance of cassava, peanut, and corn. Observed parameters is gmelina dimension, which are total tall, total diameter trunk, tall branch without crown, and the crown diameter. This research aims to analyze the effect of agroforestry pattern on the growth of G. arborea and analyze the relationship of land use management system with the growth of G. arborea. The research held in the Sekarwangi Village, Malangbong, Garut in December 2011 up to February 2012. This research uses a Complete random Design (RAL) with one factorial analysis, i.e. agroforestry pattern. The result showed that agroforestry pattern one give the best effect to gmelina growth. It obtained based on the test and test fingerprints variegated Duncan. Agroforestry pattern one gives highest average on all parameters. Besides that, land management system agroforestry pattern one also exert the best effect to the gmelina growth
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Judul: Panjang dan Kedalaman Akar Lateral Gmelina (Gmelina arborea Roxb.) pada Beberapa Pola Agroforestri di Desa Sekarwangi, Kecamatan Malangbong, Kabupaten Garut
Abstrak: Along with the growing population, the need for land was growing. Therefore, it takes an effort that can harness land optimally as agroforestri. Agroforestry is a system of land use by plants of forestry with crop and/or livestock. This system also has the value of economic, ecological, and social events. However, agroforestry also have negative interactions such as competition, nutrient elements, water, and light between forestry with crop plants. So do research on rooting on some patterns of gmelina (Gmelina arborea) agroforestry different. Gmelina is a fast-growing species of forestry. Growth character of gmelina relatively rapid can be used as a species for rehabilitation of land such as in DAS Cimanuk-Citanduy residing in the land belongs to the people. The purpose of this study is to assess the depth and length of the lateral roots gmelina, knowing the biophysical environment and data processing system of land on three different patterns in the location of research. The study is expected to be a reference for the selection of a suitable type of crop grown under the stands gmelina. Gmelina rooting was obtained by digging the root depth and depth variations have different length. These variations are due to the existence of biophysical properties of differences as well as the processing of land environment is different in each pattern. This measurement is done in the Census of every pattern. As for the crop that can be applied on the system agroforestry on site research is robusta, grapefruit, cardamom, turmeric, curcumae, pineapple, panili, orchid, deer horns, and honey bees
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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