Judul: Model development of agro-eco-industrial park bitung, North Sulawesi Province.
Abstrak: Tantangan industri abad ke-21 melahirkan konsep industri berkelanjutan yang selanjutnya diikuti oleh ekologi industri, suatu konsep yang mencoba mengaplikasi sistem ekologi yang nir-limbah ke sistem produksi industri. Penerapan dari konsep ekologi industri melahirkan istilah eco-industrial park (EIP). Tujuan Umum Penelitian ini adalah membangun model pengembangan “agro-eco-industrial park” (AEIP) Bitung Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Penambahan kata “agro” berkaitan dengan eksistensi mayoritas industri agro yang beraktivitas di kota itu. Tujuan khususnya adalah: mengevaluasi kondisi aktual dari industri agro/manufaktur; menganalisis program pengembangan model; dan menganalisis implikasi dan rekomendasi kebijakan penerapan model. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah FaST (facility synergy tool), pengelompokan SWOT, Connectance value, Bagan alir, Skala Likert, Metode ISM (Modul ISM VAXO), Metode AHP (Criterium Decision Plus Versi 3.0), Metode deskritif, dan Program Powersim Studio Expert 2005. Hasil penelitian terhadap kondisi aktual dari industri agro/manufaktur menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas industri yang beraktivitas di Kota Bitung adalah industri agro berbasis perikanan laut dan kelapa dimana dari segi produksi dan pengelolaan lingkungan, kinerjanya dinilai cukup baik. Selanjutnya diketahui bahwa aktivitas industri agro mendapat dukungan positif dari pemangku kepentingan, seperti warga masyarakat dan aparat Pemerintah dan rencana pembangunan Kawasan Industri di Kelurahan Tanjung Merah mendapat dukungan positif dari warga masyarakat, aparat pemerintah, dan pelaku industri agro. Kondisi eksisting kualitas air sungai dan sumur di rencana lokasi Kawasan Industri di Kelurahan Tanjung Merah termasuk dalam kategori baik. Pola keterkaitan antar industri di Kota Bitung adalah sebesar 23,64% atau masih dalam kategori rendah. Hasil penelitian terhadap Program Pengembangan AEIP menunjukkan bahwa elemen kunci dari tujuan program adalah membangkitkan energi dengan sumber terbarukan dan meningkatkan kerjasama antar industri secara sukarela. Elemen kunci dari kendala utama program adalah kurangnya pemahaman terhadap konsep AEIP dan rencana lokasi kawasan industri adalah lahan pertanian subur. Selanjutnya diketahui bahwa Model AEIP prioritas yang meliputi kegiatan-kegiatan industri manufaktur, kerjasama pertukaran materi dan limbah, penggemukan sapi, peternakan ayam, RPH, pengomposan, pembangkitan energi listrik terbarukan, dan fasilitas pengolahan limbah cair merupakan alternatif model prioritas yang dapat dikembangkan di Kota Bitung.
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Judul: IPB (Bogor Agricultural University)
Abstrak: An eco industrial park is the new concept as industrial response for global environmental changes. The purpose of this research is to studi and propose scenarios, strategies and operational recommendation to develop an eco industrial park from existing condition industrial park in Cilegon-Banten. An eco industrial park is a community of manufacturing and service businesses located together on a common property. Member businesses seek enhanced environmental, economic, and social performance through collaboration in managing environmental and resource issues. The methodes of this research, use the gap analysis, that analyzing the existing condition compare with ideal criteria of eco industrial park, and the research aspects is syncrhronized with sustainable development concept. The research used participatory prospective analysis and hierarchy analysis process.The data are collected through survey method that represents observation, indepth interview, quessioner and expert judment. The result show that existing condition Cilegon industrial estate have many gap standard of criteria as an eco industrial park. The growth of industries in Cilegon area causes land use cover change out of planning desaign industrial area,and tend to reduced open greenspaces significantly. The result of quality of environmental analysis that several parameters namely : BOD, COD, TDS, NH3 dan Temperature in Cilegon area higher than the standard. The result of AHP analysis, priority of strategies to develop existing Cilegon industrial park to eco industrial park is green industrial park development, with implemented optimistic progressive scenario, that 6 keys factors affecting an eco industrial park development in Cilegon area, namely : to Construct an integrated waste treatment, to provide open green spaces 30 % minimize, law enforcement to develope an eco industrial park in Cilegon area, punishment and reward for industries that implemented environmental friendly in activities, and defense of water resources or water conservation to support sustainability process industries in Cilegon industrial park.
Keyword: green industrial park, industrial symbiosis, global environmental changes, gap analysis, Banten

Judul: Categorization in Macaca fascicularis.
Abstrak: Categorization is an ability to group individuals or events into different classes mediated by conceptualized mental images. There are several levels of categorization and within a taxonomy the levels are nested. At the most concrete level of categorization, all or most members of the category shared common physical attributes that differ from other categories. The higher the level of category, the fewer common attributes between members of the group. In addition to humans, the ability to categorize has also been proposed in animals. One example of categorization in animal is species discrimination. Using matching-tosample task, present experiment tested ability of the long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) in discriminating dichotomous-stimuli of different animals. The species has been shown to be able to see photos as representations of real object so I used facial photos of humans and animals for the stimuli. First, I tested their ability to classify humans and macaques into separate group. Second, I tested their ability to discriminate their conspecific from other macaques. And the last, I tested whether the subjects were able to discriminate non-human animals from humans. In all of these experiments I found that the subjects showed high performance in categorizing objects, even when I discarded details of visual informations, such as color and local shapes. The ability to identify objects with reduced representation of physical properties means the subjects were able to generalize attributes of members of the group. This would indicate that the subjects created a higher level abstraction. On the other hand, in discriminating intrageneric macaque species I found that they were able to extract uniqueness of each species. More over, I also found that the subjects were able to put photos of non-human animals that shared very few similarities in physical percepts into one group. I suggested that the subjects could create a more abstract concept based on non-percepts relations as a basis to put the objects into one category. Thus, I concluded that M. fascicularis were able to perform multiple levels of categorizations.
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