Judul: Pembangunan Protokol Secret Sharing pada Metode Watermarking untuk Audio Digital
Abstrak: Digital watermarking is a technique to insert information, usually called a watermark, into digital data. The inserted information in general shows the ownership of digital data in order to copyright protection. Existing methods of digital watermarking can only deal with the copyright protection from only one owner. Joint ownership of a digital audio is proposed by adopting a secret sharing scheme in audio watermarking. This study discusses the implementation of Shamir's secret sharing scheme in the joint ownership for digital audio watermarking, including protocols for the insertion (embedding) watermark and protocols for detection ownership process (detection) watermark that meets one of the goals of cryptography is confidentiality. Furthermore, the owner of a digital audio referred to as the participants and the outcome of the process of secret sharing scheme is called shares. Performance of the method of Shamir's secret sharing scheme in the joint ownership watermarking for digital audio was tested by analyzing the properties of Shamir's secret sharing scheme and influence of the level of Lifting Wevelet Transform (LWT), which serves to form a region of the audio file to be inserted watermark, to the process of watermark insertion and watermark detection. This is because performing watermark detection requires the information of the level LWT that used to watermark insertion and LWT length where both of this informations may be known if we know the secret which is formed of shares owned by participants. The results show that joint ownership watermarking protocol that implements Shamir's secret sharing scheme provides confidentiality service where the process of insertion and detection requires a secret that formed by shares that are distributed to the participants confidentially. Thus Shamir's secret sharing scheme in the joint ownership for digital audio watermarking is one good solution to the problem of joint ownership of a digital audio because of the insertion and detection process involving all participants who are the owners of digital audio.
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Judul: Implementasi Audio Watermarking Menggunakan Metode DWT-SVD dengan Teks sebagai Watermark
Abstrak: The growth of data and network communication technologies has made digital data, such as audio, easier to be distributed illegally. Therefore, copyright protection becomes an important issue. Digital audio watermarking has been proposed as one of the possible solutions. It is a process of information insertion and extraction to and from an audio file without influencing the audio quality. Digital audio watermarking has been developed in several domains, such as time domain, frequency domain, and spatial domain. In this research, the audio watermarking has been implemented using DWT-SVD method that combines the frequency and spatial domain. This method works by combining the virtue of mathematical transform: the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and singular value decomposition (SVD). Perceptibility and robustness of this method were analyzed using variance of watermark intensity and several attacks. It was found that the watermarked audio has good perceptibility at low watermark intensity of 0.1 to 0.3. Furthermore, the watermarked audio was found to be robust to some attacks namely amplify, invert, low pass filtering, high pass filtering, and resampling attacks at higher watermark intensity. Thus, this research proved the trade-off between perceptibility and robustness in digital audio watermarking.
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Judul: Biologi penggerek batang jagung
Abstrak: Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium dan rumah kaса. Pengamatan di rumah kaca hanya dilakukan terhadap stadium larva dan perilaku larva. Untuk pengamatan siklus hidup dan longevity dilakukan di laboratorium dengan waktu pengamatan setiap hari. 0. furnacalis mempunyai siklus hidup 31 hari, dengan mengalami empat kali pergantian kulit pada stadium larva. Masing-masing instar mempunyai umur dan perilaku makan yang berbeda. Instar pertama merusak daun dengan memakan jaringan daun dan lama stadium instar pertama adalah 2.6 hari. Perilaku instar kedua sama dengan instar pertama, sedangkan lama stadium instar kedua adalah 3.2 hari. Instar ketiga mulai menggerek bagian batang yang lunak ataupun tulang daun lama stadium instar tiga yaitu 3.5 hari. Pada instar empat dan lima, larva menggerek batang jagung maupun tongkol jagung. Berturut-turut masing-masing instar mempunyai umur 4.5 dan 4.9 hari . Perubahan instar ditandai dengan pergantian kulit. Instar pertama mempunyai panjang tubuh 1.5 mm, lebar tubuh 0.3 mm dan diameter kepala 0.3 x 0.1 mm. Pada instar kedua panjang tubuh larva adalah 2.4 mm, lebar tubuh 0.3 mm dan diameter kepala 0.3 x 0.2 mm. Pada instar tiga, panjang tubuh larva yaitu 4.9 mm, lebar tubuh 0.5 mm dan diameter kepala 0.5 x 0.3 mm. Sedangkan panjang tubuh larva instar empat adalah 11.5 mm, lebar tubuh 1.6 mm dan diameter kepa- la 1.7 x 1.5 mm. Instar lima mempunyai panjang tubuh 15.9 mm, lebar tubuh 2.3 mm dan diameter kepala 2.1 x 2.0 mm. Ukuran maksimum larva dewasa adalah 25 mm. Stadium pra pupa Ostrinia adalah 2.6 hari sedang stadium pupa 7.8 hari. Panjang tubuh pupa 12.8 mm, lebar tubuh pupa 3.1 mm. Imago betina lebih besar daripada imago jantan. Lama hidup imago betina adalah 10.3 hari sedang lama hidup imago jantan adalah 11.8 hari. Mortalitas telur terlihat tinggi, jumlah telur yang dihasilkan satu ekor imago betina adalah 82 butir. Stadium telur berkisar antara 3-4 hari. Gejala serangan yang berat terlihat pada bagian tangkai malai, sehingga Ostrinia lebih merugikan secara kuantitas daripada kualitas.
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