Judul: Methane oxidation activity of methanotrophic bacteria from ricefields under different consentration of oxygen
Abstrak: Methane-oxidizing bacteria (methanotrophs) have ability to oxidize methane to carbon dioxide via methanol, formaldehyde, and format in aerobic condition. Methanotrophic bacteria are normally abundant where methane is present. In aerobic environment, methanotrophic bacteria oxidize methane to provide carbon and energy for their growth. Methanotrophic bacteria have an unique enzyme known as methane mono oxygenase (MMO) catalizing reaction of CH4 and O2 to methanol. Three selected isolates from rice fields in Bogor and Sukabumi were tested the growth and methane oxidation activity under different concentration of oxygen (02) using Nitrat Medium Salts (NMS) medium. Methane oxidation rate ofBGM 9 isolate at 0%,10%, 20% and 50% air saturation was 129182.06 mol/day, 138185.16 mol/day, 137484.32 mol/day, 167015,88 mol/day respectively. In contl:ast, high rates of Methane oxidation were performed by BGM 2 and SKM 14 isolates at air saturation of 10% and 20%. However the activity was decreased at 50% air saturation.
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Judul: Selection and Nitrogen Fixing (N2) Activity Test of Methanotrophic Bacteria from Rice Field Under Different Concentration of Oxygen.
Abstrak: Methanotrophic bacteria is methane oxydizing bacteria. This bacteria has a specific enzyme known as methane monooksigenase (MMO) catalizing reaction of CH4 and O2 to methanol. Methanotrophic bacteria also have ability to fix nitrogen. Methanotrophic bacteria type II and type X could fix nitrogen using nitrogenase enzyme. This enzyme is very sensitive to oxygen. As many as 19 isolates of methanotrophic bacteria was recultured and determined their nitrogen fixation activity at different oxygen concentration. Nitrogen fixation activity was determined by measuring ammonium accumulation in NMS free nitrogen medium. High ammonium accumulation was found at cultures of BGM 1, BGM 3, BGM 5, dan BGM 9 isolates. The highest ammonium accumulation (88,816 <M) was showed by BGM 9 isolate on 30% oxygen concentration and the highest cell density was showed by BGM 5 isolate (OD 0,103) on 80% oxygen concentration. Keyword: Methane, methanotrophic bacteria, nitrogen fixation, Nitrogenase
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Judul: Penetapan Harga Jaminan Polis Asuransi Jiwa dengan Premi  Tahunan dan Opsi Surrender
Abstrak: Asuransi jiwa memberikan perlindungan pada tertanggung (pemegang polis) jika mengalami risiko finansial, dengan suatu perjanjian tertanggung harus membayar premi. Premi yang sudah terkumpul pada perusahaan asuransi dapat diinvestasikan, yang salah satu tempatnya adalah di pasar bursa. Perusahaan asuransi menawarkan suatu kontrak kepada pemegang polis yang disebut dengan kontrak partisipasi. Pada kontrak partisipasi risiko finansial dan keuntungan dibagi dengan pemegang polis dan biasanya keuntungan tersebut dimasukkan ke dalam cadangan polis pada tiap akhir tahun kontrak. Hal ini berarti secara tidak langsung perusahaan asuransi menyatakan penambahan pertanggungan, sehingga mengakibatkan perubahan benefit yang diterima oleh pemegang polis. Pada kontrak partisipasi ini, pemegang polis diberikan hak untuk mengakhiri kontrak (opsi surrender). Pada kontrak partisipasi asuransi jiwa endowmen terdapat opsi bonus (bonus option) yang penghitungan besar preminya dengan pendekatan tipe Eropa dan opsi surrender (surrender option) dengan tipe Amerika.
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