Judul: Bioelectricity Production from Citrobacter freundii GBH253 and Chlorella pyrenoidosa on Microbial Fuel Cell Anode with Different Carbon Sources
Abstrak: Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) development has significantly increased from various aspects to get higher and more stable electricity. Developing MFC on microorganism aspect is very important because it plays a crucial role in the MFC system. C. freundii GBH253 is one of the potential exoelectrogen bacterium that could be developed for the MFC system. Integrating C. freundii GBH253 and electricity-producing microalgae, such as C. pyrenoidosa, in the anode of MFC could get more stable and higher electricity. In this study, C. freundii GBH253 and C. pyrenoidosa were coupled to produce electricity from different substrates. C. freundii GBH253 and C. pyrenoidosa were tested on three different media types before being tested on MFC. They were also examined for the co-cultivation test to determine the symbiotic relationship between the two microorganisms. The MFC test was conducted using the Randomized Block Design Factorial and the Tukey test to see significant differences from each treatment. The parameters observed in this study were voltage, power density, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Coulombic Efficiency (CE), pH, and volatile fatty acid (VFA). C. freundii GBH253 cannot grow on microalgae medium, while C. pyrenoidosa could grow on bacterial medium and a mixture of bacterium and microalgae media. The bacterium gained benefit from co-culture with microalgae. In the MFC test, electricity was generated in all treatments, which bacterium + microalgae with acetate treatment could generate power density up to 211,97 mW/m2 and the most stable compared to others. Production of electricity in bacterium-microalgae combination dominated by the bacterium; hence, microalgae still help bacterium by producing electricity and raised the COD value. The pH value of all treatments was higher than the initial pH. Acetate and phenol were VFA produced in all treatments, whereas butyric acid and propionic acid were found in some treatments. Pearson correlation showed that some VFA highly correlated with power density.
Keyword: Chlorella pyrenoidosa, Substrate, Microbial Fuel Cell, Electricity Producing Microalgae, Volatile Fatty Acid, Citrobacter freundii

Judul: Kinerja Microbial Fuel Cell Penghasil Biolistrik dengan Elektroda yang Berbeda pada Limbah Cair Industri Perikanan
Abstrak: Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) is one example of an alternative technology that has the potential to be developed as a substituent energy because this fuel cell converts chemical energy into electrical energy through the catalytic reaction using the microorganism.This technologycan beapplied for wastewater treatment such asfisherywastewater thatcontainsa lot of nutrient. The purpose of this studywas to determine the performance of the MFC system infisherywastewaterin resulted theelectricity and reduce the burden of waste with the use of different types of electrodesnamely aluminum, iron, graphite carbon, anda combination of aluminum and graphite carbon. Results of electricity during the 120 hours observations as a whole ranging from aluminum to aluminum with carbon graphite combinations are 0.23V, 0.17V, 0.19V and 0.34V. The results showed that the MFC system couldreduce the average total N respectively of 61%, BOD of 30.11%, COD of 59.34% and the Total Nitrogen Amoniaof 12.45%. Increasing biomass occured at the end of observation respectively with a value of MLSS and MLVSS of 7066.67 mg/L and 6000 mg/L.
Keyword: microbial fuel cell., fishery wastewater, electrode, bioelectricity

Judul: Perdagangan Ilegal Satwa Liar Dilindungi di Indonesia Berdasarkan Data Kasus Selama Tahun 2009 – 2018
Abstrak: Kasus perdagangan satwa liar di Indonesia terjadi karena banyaknya permintaan dari pasar, akses yang mudah untuk mendapatkan sumber daya alam dan melakukan pengiriman, juga karena kurangnya pengawasan dari aparat penegak hukum. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi bahwa taksa burung memiliki tingkat tertinggi untuk perdagangan satwa liar (38.03%). Bagian tubuh burung yang paling banyak diperdagangkan adalah paruh sekitar 306 buah, bagian tubuh reptil yang paling banyak diperdagangkan adalah kulit 9 479 lembar, dan bagian tubuh mamalia yang paling banyak diperdagangkan adalah daging beku sebanyak 2 510 kg . Kasus perdagangan satwa liar di Indonesia dari tahun 2009 - 2018 mengalami kenaikan. Kasus terbanyak yang telah diselesaikan adalah di Jawa Timur sebanyak 52 kasus. Banyak pihak seperti organisasi non-pemerintah, BBKSDA, dan KLHK memiliki program penyadartahuan masyarakat mengenai perdagangan satwa liar sehingga masyarakat dapat turut serta mencegah perdagangan satwa liar di Indonesia.
Keyword: kesadaran masyarakat, penegakan hukum, perdagangan satwa liar