Judul: Biogas Production from a Mixture of Rumen Contents and Cow Blood
Abstrak: Rumah Potong Hewan (RPH) menghasilkan sisa pemotongan ternak yang dapat mencemari lingkungan apabila tidak dikelola dengan baik, salah satunya isi rumen dan darah sapi. Isi rumen dan darah sapi memiliki potensi untuk dijadikan biogas karena memiliki bahan organik yang tinggi. Biogas adalah campuran beberapa gas dari hasil fermentasi bahan organik dalam kondisi anaerob. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis produksi dan kualitas biogas yang dihasilkan dari campuran isi rumen dan darah sapi. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak tiga kali. Terdapat 3 perlakuan yaitu kontrol sebanyak 0% darah sapi dan 100% isi rumen sapi (R100D0), 70% isi rumen sapi + 30% darah sapi (R70D30), serta 40% isi rumen sapi + 60% darah sapi (R40D60). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapat bahwa jumlah produksi biogas yang dihasilkan dari 3 perlakuan tidak berbeda nyata satu sama lain, dengan perlakuan R70D30 memiliki kecenderungan jumlah produksi yang lebih tinggi. Uji nyala api pada 3 perlakuan menunjukkan bahwa api paling baik dihasilkan oleh perlakuan R100D0 atau kontrol., Slaughterhouses produce livestock slaughter residues that can pollute the environment if not managed properly, one of which is the contents of rumen and cow blood. Rumen contents and cow blood have the potential to be used as biogas because they have high organic matter. Biogas is a mixture of several gases from the fermentation of organic matter under anaerobic conditions. The purpose of this study was to analyze the production and quality of biogas produced from a mixture of rumen contents and cow blood. The design used in this study was a completely randomized design with each treatment repeated three times. There were 3 treatments, namely control as much as 0% cow blood and 100% cow rumen content (R100D0), 70% cow rumen content + 30% cow blood (R70D30), and 40% cow rumen content + 60% cow blood (R40D60). Based on the results of the study, it was found that the amount of biogas production produced from the 3 treatments was not significantly different from each other, with the R70D30 treatment having a higher tendency for the amount of production. The flame test on 3 treatments showed that the best fire was produced by the R100D0 treatment or the control.
Keyword: biogas, darah sapi, isi rumen, cow blood, rument contents

Judul: Biogas Production from a Mix of Cow Manure with corn straw (Zea mays. L)
Abstrak: Biogas merupakan salah satu sumber energi alternatif yang dapat diperbarui karena menggunakan bahan baku yang berasal dari kotoran ternak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis roduksi dan kualitas biogas dari campuran kotoran sapi dengan jerami jagung (Zea mays. L). Penelitian dilakukan dengan 3 perlakuan yaitu kontrol sebanyak 100% kotoran sapi + 0% jerami jagung (S100J0), 75% kotoran sapi + 25% jerami jagung (S75J25), serta 50% kotoran sapi + 50% jerami jagung(S50J50) dan masing-masing 3 kali ulangan dengan analisis data menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa campuran biogas kotoran sapi dengan jerami jagung berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap produksi biogas yang dihasilkan (S100J0) menghasilkan produksi biogas yang paling tinggi. Suhu harian rata-rata hampir sama untuk semua perlakuan yaitu 27- 29 °C. Kandungan TS, VS awal dan akhir berturut-turut untuk S100J0, S75J25, dan S50J50 14,940; 12,916; dan 13,873. VS awal 12,660; 10,903; dan 10,996. TS akhir 10,643; 7,900; dan 10,550. VS akhir 6,286; 4,546; dan 7,323. Perlakuan S100J0 menghasilkan produksi yang lebih tinggi dan perlakuan penambahan jerami jagung 50% menghasilkan kualitas api yang baik berwarna biru, Biogas is a renewable alternative energy source because it uses raw materials derived from livestock manure. The purpose of this study was to analyze the production and quality of biogas from a mixture of cow dung and corm straw (Zea mays L). The study was conducted with 3 treatments, namely control as much as 0% corn straw or 100% cow dung (S100J0), 75% cow dung + 25% corn straw (S75J30), and 50% cow dung + 50% corn straw (S50J50) and 3 replications each with data analysis using a completely randomized design (CRD). The results showed that the mixture of cow dung biogas and corn straw had a significant effect (P>0,05) on the production of biogas (S100J0) produces the highest biogas production. The average daily temperature was almost the same for all treatments, namely 27-29 0C. The initial and final TS, VS content for S100J0, S75J25, and S50J50 14,940; 12,916; and 13,873. respectively. Initial VS 12,660; 10,903; and 10,996. Final TS 10,643; 7,900; and 10,550, and final VS 6,286; 4,546; and 7,323. The S100J0 treatment resulted in higher production and the addition of 50 % water hyacinth resulted in a good quality blue flame.
Keyword: alternative energy, biogas, corn straw, cow manure

Judul: Penentuan Nilai Eigen dan Vektor Eigen dari Matriks Tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz dengan Pendekatan Polinomial Chebyshev
Abstrak: The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a matrix can be determined by finding its characteristic polynomials. The characteristic polynomials of a tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz matrix is shown to be closely connected to polynomials which satisfy the Chebyshev recurrence relationship. If the order of the matrix is odd, then the eigenvalues are found explicitly in terms of the Chebyshev zeros and the eigenvectors are found in terms of the polynomials satisfying the recurrence relationship. For even ordered matrices, the situation is more complicated. The problem in these cases is that although the Chebyshev recurrence formula is still applied, its initial values are not generating Chebyshev polynomials
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