Judul: Histopatologi Ikan Kerapu Bebek (Cromileptes altivelis) yang Terinfeksi Iridovirus
Abstrak: The humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) is a coral reef fish distributed throughout tropical Asia. The fish has high economic value. However, the production of humpback grouper has been affected by viral diseases including Iridovirus infection. The disease caused mass mortality and decreased the quality and value of humpback grouper. The purpose of this study was to examine the histopathological changes of humpback grouper infected by Iridovirus. The Iridovirus infected grouper samples were received from fish farming in floating net cages in the Mandeh waters, West Sumatra. The fishes showed dark discoloration of the skin, splenomegally and Iridovirus positive PCR test results. The tissues of brain, eye, gill, heart, spleen, intestine, pancreas, liver, kidneys, sceletal muscle, and skin were received in 10% buffered formalin. The histopathological examination showed pathognomonic large intracytoplasmic basophilic inclusion bodies in hematopoietic tissue of spleen and kidney, lymphoid cells were observed in choroid layer of eye and in liver sinusoid. The enlarged cells were present in high numbers in kidney, spleen and liver. Smaller numbers were present in eye, gill, intestine and brain, and none in the heart, pancreas, muscle and skin. Other findings correlated with Iridovirus infection were neuronal ischemic, necrosis of intestinal epithelial cells, necrosis of cardiomyocytes, necrosis of hematopoietic cells of liver and kidney. The literature studies resume that pathogenesis of this viral infection begin with the viral entry through the skin ulcer, then the virus spread systemically in the blood circulation, infect the hematopoietic cells in the spleen and kidney as well as the other cells.
Keyword: pathogenesis, Iridovirus, inclusion body, histopathology, grouper

Judul: Vibriosis pada pendederan ikan kerapu Bebek Cromileptes altivelis di Pulau Payung Kepulauan Seribu
Abstrak: Vibriosis is a major disease occurred in grouper Cromileptes altivelis culture. This research was conducted s to isolate causative agents of vibriosis in nursery of grouper, as well as the pathogenecity of isolated bacteria in juvenile of grouper. We isolated three Vibrio, namely Vibrio sp. 1, Vibrio sp. 2, and Vibrio sp. 3. All isolated Vibrio are pathogenic to juvenile of grouper since challenge test of Vibrio sp. 1, 2 and 3 caused mortality of 100%, respectively after 10 days of infection. The clinical signs that appear on grouper are bleeding operculum, swelling of anus, and porous of fin. The results of histopathological analysis showed damage of the kidneys. The damage suffered were necrosis, degeneration, hemorrhage, and hyperthropy.
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Judul: Natrium lignosulfonat sebagai agen pendispersi pada mortar
Abstrak: Lignosulphonate, a modification product of lignin waste from pulp and paper industry can be used as water reducer in mortar mixture. This substance can influence the mechanical characteristic of mortar such as diameter of flow, flexural strength, compressive strength, and setting time of cement paste. Lignosulphonate shows it function as dispersant on cement hydration at 3 days that analyzed with x-ray difractometer. Research result show that flow of fresh mortar rise with increase concentration (from weight of cement) of synthetic sodium lignosulphonate (NaLS). It show that mortar homogenity also increasing. The result of flexural strength and compressive strength test use synthetic NaLS 0.1-0.3% from weight of cement show that addition synthetic NaLS 0.2% is the best result because it has the biggest of flexural strenght and compressive strength value. Initial setting time of cement paste increase, about 50% with addition of synthetic NaLS 0.2%. Whereas the final setting time decrease, about 8%. Cement hydration test show increase hydration product peak, Ca(OH)2 dan calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H).
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