Judul: Optimization of Heat Unit as the Measurable Harvest Criteria of Tanduk Banana (Musa eumusa AAB)
Abstrak: Konsumen dalam membeli pisang mempertimbangkan kualitas fisik dan kualitas kimia. Umur panen yang tepat perlu diperhatikan untuk menghasilkan buah yang berkualitas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengkaji akumulasi satuan panas yang tepat sebagai kriteria panen terukur pisang Tanduk serta pengaruhnya terhadap mutu fisik dan kimia pada tingkat kematangan pascapanen yang sama. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Sukamantri, Bogor, Jawa Barat dan Laboratorium Pascapanen, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor sejak bulan Desember 2021 sampai April 2022. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 3 ulangan untuk menguji 7 umur panen: 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100 hari setelah antesis (HSA). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan pisang Tanduk yang dipanen pada umur panen 70-100 HSA di Kebun Percobaan Sukamantri dengan satuan panas 1035-1444 ˚C hari tidak mempengaruhi komponen produksi, komponen fisik, laju repirasi, dan kualitas kimia pada tingkat kematangan pascapanen yang sama kecuali PTT dan rasio PTT/ATT., Consumers in buying bananas consider the physical quality and chemical quality. Proper harvest age needs to be considered to produce quality fruit. Proper harvest age needs to be considered to produce quality fruit. This research was conducted to examine the accumulation of appropriate heat units as a measurable harvest criterion of Tanduk banana and its effect on physical and chemical quality at the same postharvest maturity. The experiment was carried out at the Sukamantri Experimental Garden, Bogor, West Java and the Postharvest Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University from December 2021 to April 2022. This experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with 3 replications to test 7 harvest ages: 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100 days after anthesis (DAA). The experimental results showed that the Tanduk banana harvested at 70-100 DAA at the Sukamantri Experimental Garden with a unit heat of 1035-1444 ˚C day did not affect the production components, physical components, respiration rate, and chemical quality at the same postharvest maturity. except PTT and PTT/ATT ratio.
Keyword: Anthesis, Heat unit, Postharvest, Respiration rate, Storage life

Judul: Heat Unit Optimization as Measured Harvest Criteria of Mas Kirana Banana (Musa acuminata AA Group)
Abstrak: Produksi pisang di Indonesia terus meningkat setiap tahun. Buah pisang merupakan buah klimakterik yang memiliki karakteristik mudah rusak sehingga dibutuhkan penanganan panen yang tepat. Penentuan waktu panen merupakan fase yang penting untuk dapat menghasilkan pisang dengan kualitas baik dan umur simpan yang panjang. Salah satu metode penentuan waktu panen yang terukur adalah dengan menggunakan akumulasi satuan panas. Percobaan ini bertujuan mengevaluasi satuan panas 650 °C hari setelah antesis sebagai kriteria panen terukur pisang Mas Kirana. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Sukamantri IPB, Bogor, Jawa Barat, pada bulan Desember 2021 hingga Februari 2022. Analisis laboratorium dilakukan di Laboratorium Pascapanen, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura IPB pada bulan Januari hingga Maret 2022. Rancangan percobaan yang dilakukan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan faktor tunggal, yaitu waktu antesis, yang terdiri dari lima perlakuan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan waktu antesis pada pisang Mas Kirana yang dipanen dengan akumulasi satuan panas 650 oC hari setelah antesis secara umum tidak mempengaruhi kriteria panen, laju respirasi, kualitas fisik buah, dan kualitas kimia buah pada tingkat kematangan pascapanen yang sama, Banana production in Indonesia is increasing every year. Banana is a climacteric fruit that has perishable characteristics so that need to get the proper harvest handling. Determination of harvest time is an important phase to be able to produce bananas with good quality and long shelf life. One method of determining the measured harvest time is to use heat units. The objectives of this study were to evaluated the heat unit accumulation of 650 °C day after anthesis as a criterion for measurable harvest of “Mas Kirana” banana. The research was conducted at Sukamantri IPB Experimental Station, Bogor, in December 2021 to February 2022. Laboratory analysis was conducted in Postharvest Laboratory IPB in January to March 2022. The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Design with a single factor, time of anthesis, which consisted of five treatments. The experimental results showed that the difference in the time of anthesis on Mas Kirana bananas harvested with the accumulation of heat units at 650 oC days after anthesis generally did not affect the harvest criteria, respiration rate, physical quality of the fruit, and chemical quality of the fruit at the same postharvest maturity level.
Keyword: anthesis, degree day, postharvest, shelf life

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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