Judul: Studi Kemampuan Vaksin ND-IB Lived: Pembentuk Kekebalan dan Perlindungan terhadap Paparan Virus Newcastle Disease pada Ayam Pedaging
Abstrak: The objective of this study was to measure the antibody titer of broilers were vaccinated with lived ND LaSota-IB H120 vaccine, and to observe the clinical signs and pathological lesions on challenged group. As much as 60 commercial Day Old Chicks were used in the experimental. Twenty chickens were bleed at day one to measure maternal antibody against Newcastle Disease (ND) using Hemaglutination Inhibition (HI) Test. The remaining fourty chickens were divided into four groups. Each group consisted of ten broilers. Group K1 and K2 were unvaccinated. Group K3 and K4 were vaccinated on the 2nd day according to the manufacture procedure. Challenge was carried out on 14th day (12th day post vaccination) to group K1 and K3 with ND Indonesia isolate virus. Blood samples from unvaccinated and vaccinated group were taken on 7th, 14th, and 22nd day. The result showed that chickens had high maternal antibody titer. The combination of intranasal and oral vaccination was able to produced protective antibody against ND viral infection. Vaccination was able to reduced lethargy and petechiae cecal tonsil. The clinical signs and pathological lesions were more severe on unvaccinated group.
Keyword: vaccine, Newcastle Disease, LaSota H-120, HI test, Broiler

Judul: Efikasi Virus Newcastle Disease Apathogenic sebagai Vaksin Aktif pada Ayam Pedaging.
Abstrak: The research was conducted to study the efficacy of apathogenic Newcastle Disease (ND) virus as a live vaccine in broiler chicken. One hundred chickens were used and divided into three groups. The first group was vaccinated with apathogenic ND active vaccine on day 3 and 16, the second group was unvaccinated (control group), while the third group was used as a 0 day blood sampling. Challenge test was done to determine the protection ability of ND active vaccine at two after second vaccination. Antibody titer was measured from first week until the fourth week during research with haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. The challenged test showed that the mortality number of vaccinated group was smaller (20%) compared to the unvaccinated group (60%). Test results showed that apathogenic ND active vaccine was able to induced antibody titer up to the protective level against the ND virus. Vaccination also able to protect the chicken from ND infection.
Keyword: HI Test, ND active vaccine, Newcastle Disease

Judul: Penggunaan Teorema Homeomorphy 2-Manifold dan Teorema Euler Poincare pada Torus 𝑇�� dan Simplicial Complex 𝐾��
Abstrak: Two dimensional topological spaces are said to be homeomorphic if they have the same topological invariant, where one of topological invariant used is an Euler characteristic. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem and Euler Poincare’s Theorem are used to distinguish two topological spaces. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem uses Euler characteristic to identify two dimensional topological spaces. Euler Poincare’s Theorem is an alternative way to find Euler characteristic with Betti number, which is topological invariant as well. The objective of this paper is to investigate the homeomorphism of torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾�����. Topological space torus and simplicial complex 𝐾����� have the same Euler characteristic, which is two. Based on Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem topological space torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾����� is homeomorphic.
Keyword: simplicial, torus, Euler, homeomorphism, topology