Judul: Kombinasi Perlakuan Oksidasi, Penambahan Parafin dan Waktu Kempa pada Kualitas Papan Partikel tanpa Perekat dari Bambu Tali
Abstrak: Particleboard is an alternative solution of conventional boards that made from wood. Generally particleboard made with formaldehyde adhesives that have an additional negative impact on the environment due to large emissions. Binderless particleboard can be an alternative solution to replace conventional woodboard and also doesn't have a negative impact on the environment. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of the addition of paraffin, pressing time and oxidation on the physical and mechanical properties of the medium density binderless particleboard. Bamboo particle that as material was tali bamboo (Gigantochloa apus) taken from Bogor area. Bamboo was converted to particle used a circular saw, ring flaker and screener mesh size of 20 mesh, afterwards used to make binderless particleboard with a target density of 0.4-0.9 g/cm3. The pressing conditions was 180 °C in temperature, 25 kgf/cm2 in pressure. This study was conducted with a completely randomized factorial design, where the factors studied were the addition of paraffin, pressing time and oxidation treatment. Physical and mechanical characteristics of binderless particleboard were tested according to JIS A 5908 2003. The results showed that there were significantly different from each treatment on the quality of the board. Physical and mechanical test results also showed that the binderless particleboard with oxidation treatment, addition of paraffin and pressing for 20 minutes performed the best characteristics compared with other treatments.
Keyword: pressing time, paraffin, oxidation, binderless particleboard, bamboo

Judul: Karakteristik Papan Partikel Tanpa Perekat dari Serat Sabut Kelapa dengan Perlakuan Oksidasi, Penambahan Parafin dan Waktu Kempa
Abstrak: Manufacture of binderless particleboard from coconut fiber research was done as an effort to use alternatives raw materials in timber industry which has become limited and to reduce adhesives synthetic that has pollute the environment such as urea formaldehyde (UF). Paraffin was expected to make the physical properties of particleboard better. The purpose of this research was to know the characteristics of binderless particleboard from coconut fiber based on particleboard standard JIS A 5908:2003 and determine the influence of oxidation treatment, additional paraffin and time of pressing on the characteristics of particleboard. Oxidation method was done by spraying hydrogen peroxide (15%) and ferrosulfate (7.5%), 10 minutes of pressing and 20 minutes at temperature 180 ºC with a pressure of 25 kgf/cm2. The results: density (0.44-0.56 g/cm3), moisture content (5.94-10.08%), all treatment met the standards. The results of strong hold spanner (19-80 kgf): only combination of oxidation treatment that met the standards. The result of thickness swelling: only combination of oxidation treatment, paraffin 0.5% and without paraffin with 20 minutes of pressing (8% and 12%) met the standards. In conclusion for all the treatment, the one that didn’t meet JIS standard: Internal Bond (IB), Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) and Modulus of Rupture (MOR).
Keyword: pressing time, particleboard, paraffin, oxidation, JIS A5908:2003, coconut fiber

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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