Judul: Combination of Manure and NPK Fertilizer to Growth, Photosynthesis, Chlorophyll and Sugar Content In Gandarusa Plants
Abstrak: Gandarusa (Justicia gendarussa Burm. F.) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang digunakan sebagai obat tradisional di Indonesia. Budidaya yang tepat diperlukan untuk meningkatkan biomassa tanaman gandarusa. Penelitian bertujuan menentukan metode budidaya untuk meningkatkan biomassa melalui pemupukan serta pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan, fotosintesis, kandungan klorofil dan kandungan gula pada tanaman gandarusa. Penelitian menggunakan enam kelompok perlakuan, yaiu kontrol berupa media tanah (T1). pupuk kandang (T2), pupuk NPK (T3), 50% pupuk kandang dan 50% pupuk NPK (T4), 50% pupuk kandang dan 10% pupuk NPK (T5), serta 50% pupuk NPK dan 10% pupuk kandang (T6). Parameter pengamatan pertumbuhan meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah cabang dan bobot tanaman, sementara parameter fotosintesis yaitu laju fotosintesis, konduktivitas stomata, kandungan CO2 intraseluler dan laju transpirasi. Kandungan klorofil dan gula masing-masing ditentukan dengan persamaan Arnon’s dan metode fenol-asam sulfat. Secara keseluruhan, perlakuan kombinasi 50% pupuk kandang dan 10% pupuk NPK merupakan perlakuan yang paling baik karena menghasilkan biomassa tanaman gandarusa tertinggi., Gandarusa (Justicia gendarussa Burm. F.) is one of the plants that are being used as traditional medicine in Indonesia. Proper cultivation is needed to increase the biomass of gandarusa. The research aims to determine the best cultivation method to increase biomass through fertilization and its effect on growth, photosynthesis, chlorophyll content and sugar content in gandarusa. The research used six treatment groups, namely control in the form of soil media (T1), manure (T2), NPK fertilizer (T3), 50% manure and 50% NPK fertilizer (T4), 50% manure and 10% NPK fertilizer (T5), as well as 50% NPK fertilizer and 10% manure. Growth observation parameters included plant height, number of leaves, number of branches and plant weight, while photosynthetic parameters were photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductivity, intracellular CO2 content and transpiration rate. The content of chlorophyll and sugar were determined by Arnon's equation and the phenol-sulfuric acid method, respectively. Overall, the combination of 50% manure and 10% NPK fertilizer was the best cultivation method because it produced the highest amount of gandarusa biomass.
Keyword: chlorophyll, fertilizer, growth, photosynthesis, sugar

Judul: Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant of Gandarusa (Justicia gendarussa Burm. f.) Methanol Extract Cultivated with Manure and NPK
Abstrak: Gandarusa (Justicia gendarussa Burm. f.) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan karena adanya kandungan metabolit sekunder. Kandungan metabolit sekunder dan antioksidan pada tanaman dapat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lingkungan tumbuh tanaman tersebut, salah satunya pemberian pupuk. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan teknik budidaya yang tepat menggunakan komposisi pupuk kandang dan NPK terhadap tanaman gandarusa, dengan menganalisis kadar flavonoid dan aktivitas antioksidan secara in vitro. Pupuk yang digunakan adalah kombinasi pupuk kandang dan NPK dengan dilakukannya enam perlakuan. Total flavonoid diukur menggunakan metode kuantitatif spektrofotometri, sedangkan aktivitas antioksidan ditentukan menggunakan metode CUPRAC dan ABTS. Hasil menunjukkan pemberian 50% pupuk kandang dan 50% NPK memberikan hasil total flavonoid tertinggi pada daun sebesar 4,5690 mg/g, dan berkorelasi positif serta signifikan terhadap total antioksidan metode ABTS pada daun sebesar 15,089 µmol/g., Gandarusa (Justicia gendarussa Burm. f.) is a medicinal plant that has the potential as an antioxidant due to the presence of secondary metabolites. The content of secondary metabolites and antioxidants in plants can be affected by the environmental conditions where the plants growth, such as application of fertilizers. This research aims to determine the appropriate cultivation technique using the composition of manure and NPK on gandarusa, by analyzing the levels of flavonoids and antioxidant activity with in vitro method. The fertilizers used were a combination of manure and NPK with six treatments. Total flavonoids content was determined quantitative spectrophotometric methods, and the antioxidant activity use CUPRAC and ABTS methods. The results showed the application of 50% manure and 50% NPK gave the highest total flavonoid yields in gandarusa leaves 4,569 mg/g and had a positive and significant correlation with the total antioxidant ABTS method on leaves 15,089 µmol/g.
Keyword: Antioksidan, Flavonoid, Gandarusa, NPK, Pupuk Kandang

Judul: Algorithm construction of HLI hash function
Abstrak: Cryptography is a study of mathematical techniques related to aspects of information security regarding on confidentiality, data integrity, entity authentication, and data origin authentication. Data integrity is a service, which is associated with the conversion of data carried out by unauthorized parties. To maintain data integrity, one can use hash functions. An hash function is a computationally efficient function to map an arbitrary length bitstring to a fixed length bitstring called as hash value. The use of hash function in maintaining the information integrity and authentication is in digital signatures, virus protection, and software distribution. Illustration of the hash function in the integrity and authentication of information that is emailed as follow. The sender sends the information and hash value to the recipient. If the hash value of the information is equal to the hash value that is sent by the sender, then information has not been changed. Otherwise the information has been changed. An hash function has two properties, one way and collision resistance. An hash function is called one way if it is computationally infeasible to find any input such that when given any hash value . Meanwhile an hash function is called collision resistant if it is computationally infeasible to find any two inputs where such that . The purpose of this study is to construct a HLI hash function algorithm, to analyze the speed and security of the hash functions as a results of construction. Furthermore, it is to compare it with SWIFFT. Hash function is constructed based on the result of algebraic operations on modular polynomial ringwith . Modular polynomial ring noted as is a set of all polynomials of degree at most with coefficients in . can be represented as a set of integer vector of modulo in dimension . So, it is simple to implement in a computer. In vector operations, is lattice . Furthermore, alattice that is defined from certain polynomial ring is called ideal lattice. HLI hash function is consists of addition and multiplication algorithm in the ring. Addition algorithm consists of sumation operations of modulo and multiplication consists of multiplication operations of modulo . Generally, algorithm of HLI hash function consists of multiplication operations of modulo and addition operations of modulo . However, if the input is binary number then multiplication algorithm only consists of multiplication operation of modulo , so algorithm of HLI hash function consists of multiplication operations of modulo and addtion operations of modulo . An hash function is secured if it has two properties, i.e., one way and collision resistance. HLI hash function hash is one way, it is following the proof of Micciancio. It is has collision resistant because of polynomial is irreducible over and monic. Moreover, it is proved that for every unit vector , the vector is small vector. If the input of hash function is a binary number then HLI hash function only involves addition operations of modulo . So the time that used almost same with SWIFFT. The excellence of HLI hash function is the key size smaller than SWIFFT. This effect on
Keyword: hash function, modular polynomial ring, lattice