Judul: Hornbills (Family Bucerotidae) Tourism Plan at Harapan Rainforest Batanghari Regency, Jambi Province
Abstrak: Harapan Rainforest is forest ecosystem restoration in areas of former production forest which still has biodiversity and potential to be used as objects and tourist attractions which could give ecotourism opportunities as an alternative economic income. Hornbills (Bucerotidae Family) could be the object for tourist attraction. This study was aimed to develop hornbills tourism plan at the site level. Activities undertaken to develop a tourism plan were to inventory the distribution of hornbills area (distribution of nests, feeding places and flying path) and other animals as additional tourist attraction. Behavior of hornbills at the time of eating, flying and nesting was also studied. The expected result were recommendations to develop tourism plan at the site focusing on hornbills, alternative solutions for Harapan Rainforest’s and the local community’s income, and conservation of habitat and population of hornbills. Data were collected in the form of primary and secondary data. Primary data included wildlife data and the descriptions related to the site. Data parameters included the wildlife species, activities, time and date of the activities, location, weather, number of individuals, natural nests and artificial nests of hornbills. The site description included the accessibility of the area, infrastructure and management of ecotourism. Secondary data included tourism management data which included organizational structure, general work plan for tourism planning division, and management systems of habitat and hornbills population. Tourism was developed based on the existing hornbill species, hornbill behavior, management plan, and input from various stakeholders the parties. Tourism plan was divided into two categories: casual tourism and special interest tourism. Casual tourism was observing hornbills flying and other wildlife attractions, whereas special interest tourism was observing feeding and nesting behavior. Casual toursim could be done in June – September for a minimum visit of three days. Special interest tourism of flying and eating attraction could be done in September – December for a minimum visit of four days, whereas. Special interest tourism of nesting behavior could be done in January – Mei for a minimum visit of four days. The duration of observation time would be four hours, 2 – 3 visitors for every observation. Technical matters which need to be considered by tour operator were the distance from visitor to avoid disturbance, quota of visitors, standard operating procedures of visitor’s ethic codes, the guide’s ethic codes and the equipment used at the time of observation.
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Judul: Ecotourism Development of the Javan Hawk-Eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi) in Gunung Ciremai National Park
Abstrak: Indonesia is a country with high biodiversity (megadiversity) with the 4th number of visits in the Southeast Asia (ASEAN) region, opening opportunities for the development of nature tourism packages such as wildlife tourism to see the unique flora and fauna in Indonesia as well as the beauty of the landscape that provides experiences different for visitors. The javan hawk-eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi) in Gunung Ciremai National Park has the potential to be developed into ecotourism because of its rare status in nature and is one of the birds that are synonymous with the national symbol of the Republic of Indonesia, namely Garuda. The birdwatching program had previously existed in Gunung Ciremai National Park but had yet to develop. Therefore, in developing the javan hawk-eagle ecotourism must apply ecotourism principles, namely the principles of conservation, education, economy, tourism, and community empowerment. This study aims to identify and analyze the habitat conditions and behavior of the javan hawk-eagle as a tourist attraction, identify and analyze visitor demand for javan hawk-eagle ecotourism, then develop a javan hawk-eagle ecotourism program and create a javan hawk-eagle ecotourism strategy. This research was conducted in Gunung Ciremai National Park. Data collection was carried out from March to May 2021. The method used to view the habitat of the javan hawk-eagle was by taking an inventory of trees using the grid line method, then analyzing vegetation characteristics, habitat function, and division of the canopy space. The behavior of the javan hawk-eagle was taken using the focal animal sampling method, then analyzed using the daily behavior analysis of the javan hawk-eagle. Visitor demand was measured using a closed questionnaire to 348 visitors regarding perceptions, motivations, and preferences for javan hawk-eagle ecotourism. The results showed that the primary habitat of the javan hawk-eagle was a natural forest dominated by Benda trees (Artocarpus elasticus) with an IVI value of 78.85%. In addition, the javan hawk-eagle also used pine plantations and shrubs for nesting and hunting areas. The types of javan hawk-eagle feed that are often found include; Surili (Presbytis comata), Javan Lutung (Trachypithecus auratus), Long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis), Squirrels (Callosciurus notatus), Green Lizards (Desia olivacea), River Checkakak (Todirhamphus chloris), Turtledoves (Spilopelia chinensis), Finches (Pycnonotus aurigaster) and Partridge (Gallus gallus). The javan hawk-eagle were found nesting in pine trees (Pinus merkusii) in the Bantar Agung location and forest kedondong trees (Spondias pinnatan) in the Bukit Seribu Bintang location. The selected tree is an emergent tree with a not-too-dense crown. The javan hawk-eagle uses the A1 canopy for perching and stalking prey and the AII for nesting and resting. The highest daily activity of the javan hawk-eagle based on the length of time the encounter was perched (71.40%) in natural forest and (59.22%) in plantation forest. Meanwhile, based on the frequency of encounters, the most frequently found activities were flying as many as five encounters. The observed flight activities of the javan hawk-eagle are soaring and gliding which occur when the weather conditions are sunny. The engaging social interaction activities of javan hawk-eagle are during the breeding and nesting season, when visitors can see them mating,
Keyword: ecotourism, javan hawk-eagle, Gunung Ciremai National Park

Judul: Methanol Permeability on Membrane Electrode Assembly Chitosan-Sulfonated Polysulfone Composite
Abstrak: Sel bahan bakar dianggap sebagai solusi dalam permasalahan krisis energi. Penggunaan membran elektrolit berbasis polisulfon (PSf) pada direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) telah meluas karena harganya yang murah dan dapat dioperasikan pada suhu tinggi, namun hidrofilisitasnya rendah. Kitosan mampu meningkatkan hidrofilisitas PSf karena adanya gugus -OH dan -NH2. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat membrane electrode assembly (MEA) berbasis komposit PSf tersulfonasi (sPSf)-kitosan dan mengkaji pengaruh modifikasi membran dan konsentrasi metanol umpan terhadap permeabilitas membran. Pembuatan MEA berhasil dilakukan dan dibuktikan dengan terbentuknya lapisan katalis karbon melalui analisis scanning electron microscope (SEM). Penambahan kitosan dengan konsentrasi tertinggi (5%) meningkatkan water uptake sebesar 586,34%. Membran sPSf-kitosan 5% pada metanol 20% menghasilkan permeabilitas terendah, yaitu sebesar 1,86 × 10-7 cm 2 ·s -1 . Kajian ini membuktikan bahwa penambahan kitosan dan konsentrasi metanol umpan yang pekat akan menurunkan nilai permeabilitas membran.
Keyword: Membrane Electrode Assembly, Polisulfon, Sel bahan bakar, Kitosan