Judul: Distribution, Trophic Structure and Growth of Fish in the Cisadea River, Cianjur, West Java
Abstrak: Pengkajian komunitas ikan di perairan Sungai Cisadea bertujuan untuk mengkaji struktur komunitas ikan serta mengelompokan berbagai anggota komunitas tersebut berdasarkan makanannya. Selain itu kajian pola pertumbuhan dan faktor kondisi bagi kehidupan ikan yang mendominsi sungai ini juga dilakukan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Sungai Cisadea dari bulan Juli 2012 sampai Februari 2013. Sampel ikan ditangkap menggunakan alat tangkap aktif (Electrofishing Gear, jala tebar, serok, anco) dan pasif (bubu) dari bagian hulu (LC1), tengah (LC2) dan hilir (LC3). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kualitas fisika kimia perairan masih berada pada kisaran normal yang dapat mendukung kehidupan ikan. Komunitas ikan di perairan Sungai Cisadea terdiri atas 11 ordo, 26 famili, 35 genus dan 48 spesies. Rhyacichthys aspro dan Glyptothorax plathypogon merupakan spesies dominan tertangkap selama penelitian. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman (H’) sebesar 2,87 dengan dominansi 0,09 dan kemerataan 0,74. Kesamaan komunitas berdasarkan kehadiran spesies menjadikan lokasi hulu (LC1) dan LC2 (tengah) berada pada satu kelompok dan lokasi hilir (LC3) berada pada satu kelompok yang terpisah. Selama pengamatan, komunitas ikan di Sungai Cisadea di dominasi oleh ikan omnivora dan karnivora. Berdasarkan spesialisasi makanannya, komunitas ikan di sungai tersebut terdiri atas insektivora, algivora, krustivora dan moluskivora.Di wilayah bagian hulu dan tengah sungai makanan utama komunitas ikan terdiri atas insekta dan alga, sedangkan dibagian hilir terdiri atas alga, insekta dan krustase. Pola pertumbuhan berdasarkan jenis kelamin dan lokasi pada ikan R. sapro dan G. plathypogon bersifat alometrik (b≠3). Faktor kondisi R. sapro jantan berkisar antara 0,35-1,91 dan betina berkisar antara 0,16-2,05, sedangkan faktor kondisi G. Plathypogon jantan berkisar antara 0,71-2,66 dan betina berkisar antara 0,61-2,47.Berdasarkan lokasi, faktor kondisi tertinggi ditemukan di lokasi hulu (LC1.1) dan tengah (LC2.1) untuk R.aspro, sedangkan untuk G. Plathypogon hanya di lokasi hulu (LC1.1)., Study on fish communities in the river of Cisadea aims to assess the fish community structure and classify the various members of the community based on its food and to study the growth pattern and condition factor of fish which dominate in this river also performed. The research was conducted in the Cisadea River from Juny 2012 until February 2013. Samples of fish were caught using active fishing gear (Electrofishing Gear, fishnet stocking, ladle, anco) and passive fishing gear (traps). The results showed that the physics-chemical quality of water is still in the normal range that can support fish life. Fish communities in the Cisadea River consists of 11 orders, 26 families, 35 genera and 48 species. Rhyacichthys aspro and Glyptothorax plathypogon were the dominant species which caught in this research. Diversity index value (H') of 2,87, with the dominance and the evenness of 0,09 and 0,74, resvectively. Similarity index of community based on species presence made the upstream (LC1) and midstream (LC2) location were in one group and downstream location (LC3) was an another separate groups. During the observation, the fish community in the Cisadea river were dominated by omnivorous and carnivorous fish. Fish communities in this river consists of insectivores, algivores, krustivores and moluskivores based on food specialitation. The main food of fish community in upstream and midstream area of this river consists of insects and algae, furthermore, in downstream
Keyword: Community structure, Feeding ecology, Growth

Judul: Food and Feeding Habits of Menga Fish (Sicyopterus lagocephalus Pallas, 1770) in Cibareno River, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Sungai Cibareno merupakan salah satu sungai yang bermuara di teluk Palabuhanratu, Jawa Barat. Di Sungai Cibareno direncanakan akan dibangun bendungan yang bernama Bendung Caringin. Adanya bendungan ini diperkirakan dapat memberikan dampak pada ekosistem seperti perubahan kualitas air dan kondisi habitat Sungai Cibareno. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji ekologi trofik ikan menga di Sungai Cibareno dan hasil penelitiannya diharapkan dapat dijadikan dasar dalam mengelola ikan menga khususnya di Sungai Cibareno. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada bulan Mei hingga September 2022 di bagian hulu dan hilir Sungai Cibareno. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan menga merupakan ikan herbivora dengan makanan nabati sebesar 95,4265% dan makanan hewani sebesar 5,0969%. Semakin besar ukuran ikan menga, komposisi nabati semakin meningkat. Ikan menga di bagian hilir ditemukan cenderung lebih memiliki variasi dan jumlah makanan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan ikan menga di bagian hulu. Berdasarkan luas relung dan tumpang tindih makanan, ikan menga tergolong kedalam ikan generalis yang memiliki peluang persaingan antar ukuran yang tinggi dalam mencari makanan ketika terjadi kelangkaan pakan. Hasil analisis isi saluran pencernaan menunjukkan bahwa ikan menga tergolong ikan herbivora dan aktif mencari makan di dasar perairan pada malam hari., Cibareno River is one of the river that flow into Palabuhanratu Bay, West Java. There are plans to construct an irrigation weir on Cibareno River named Bendung Caringin. The construction of this weir could impact the ecosystem, potentially water quality and habitat condition in Cibareno River. This research aims to study the trophic ecology of red-tailed goby in Cibareno River with the result serving as a management standard for this species particularly at this river. Sample collection was carried out from May to September 2022 at both upstream and downstream of the river. The result indicates that the red-tailed goby is herbivorous with starch content of 95,4265% and animal content of 5,0969%. The starch content increases the size of the fish. The downstream red-tailed goby tend to have a greater variety and quantity of food compared to their upstream counterpart. Based on niche breadth and niche overlap, this species are categorized as a generalist, with a high potential for competition for food resource during periods of scarcity. The result of red-tailed goby digestive tract content suggest it primarily herbivorous and actively foraging foods in the water bottom at night.
Keyword: Food, Feeding Habits, Cibareno River, Sicyopterus lagocephalus

Judul: Sintesis BaTiO3 dari Campuran Ba(OH)2 dan TiO2 dengan Tambahan PbO
Abstrak: Piezoelectric material can generate electric field in response to applied mechanical stress. Conversely, they can stretch and contract in response to an electric field. This material can be used for many applications such as transducer, microphone, ultrasound, and pressure gauge. Barium titanate is a ferroelectric material with piezoelectric properties that can be synthesized easily. The aim of this study is to synthesis barium titanate from mixture of Ba(OH)2 and TiO2, also observe its optimum temperature and the effect of PbO addition. The method of synthesis was solid-state reaction and sol-gel method, then the products were characterized with x-ray diffraction (XRD). Based on XRD analysis, the optimum temperature for both methods was 800°C. Addition of PbO to BaTiO3 in the solid-state reaction formed a compound with formula of Ba1-xPbxTiO3. The addition has changed diffraction pattern peak at 2θ and strengthened its tetragonal structure. The best result was obtained at x of 0.5 which will form a compound of Ba0.5Pb0.5TiO3.
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