Judul: Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Ekspor Tanaman Biofarmaka Indonesia
Abstrak: Indonesia as an agricultural country indicate that the agricultural sector has an important role in supporting the national economy . It can be seen from the the growing of Indonesian biopharmaca export to importing countries over the past seven years is tend to increase. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of the export of Indonesian biopharmaca plants (ginger, turmeric, curcuma), to analyze the factors that affect the volume of exports Indonesian biopharmaca plants (ginger, turmeric, curcuma). The development of Indonesian exports of biopharmaca plants to importing countries during the years 2006-2012 are likely to increase. Overall the factors that influence the export of Indonesian biopharmaca plants is the export prices of Indonesian biopharmaca plants, economic distance, the exchange rate of Rupiah against U.S. dollar, and the export volume of the previous period. Overall the factors that affecting the export of Indonesian biopharmaca plants is export prices, economic distance the exchange rate of Rupiah against U.S. dollar and the export volume of the previous period
Keyword: the volume of exports, tumeric, ginger, curcuma

Judul: Impact of Non Tariff Measures (NTMs) on Indonesian Biopharma Exports to Export Destination Countries
Abstrak: Biofarmaka merupakan salah satu komoditas pertanian Indonesia yang memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap perekonomian Indonesia. Namun, dari tahun 2012-2019 terjadi fluktuasi besaran kontribusi tersebut dari sisi ekspor. Salah satu faktor utama yang diduga sebagai penyebab fluktuasi tersebut adalah diberlakukannya kebijakan non tarif berupa NTMs. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja ekspor dan dampak pemberlakuan NTM terhadap ekspor biofarmaka Indonesia ke negara tujuan ekspor dengan periode penelitian 2012-2019. Cakupan penelitian meliputi 8 negara tujuan ekspor utama biofarmaka Indonesia yaitu India, Malaysia, Singapura, Jepang, Vietnam, Korea Selatan, Uni Arab Emirat (UAE), dan Hongkong. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif melalui pendekatan inventory (coverage ratio) dan model gravity. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan GDP riil negara pengekspor, GDP riil negara pengimpor, Jarak ekonomi dan nilai tukar riil, SPS dan TBT merupakan variabel yang mempunyai pengaruh nyata terhadap nilai ekspor biofarmaka Indonesia. Variabel coverage ratio TBT menunjukkan nilai koefisien positif sedangkan coverage ratio SPS menunjukkan nilai negatif., Biopharma is one of Indonesia's agricultural commodities that has made a positive contribution to the Indonesian economy. However, from 2012-2019 there was a fluctuation in the size of the contribution from the export side. One of the main factors suspected as the cause of the fluctuation was the imposition of a non-tariff policy in the form of NTMs. This study aims to analyze the export performance and the impact of the application of NTM on Indonesia's biopharmaceutical exports to export destination countries in the 2012- 2019 research period. The research scope covers 8 main export destination countries for Indonesian biopharma, namely India, Malaysia, Singapore, Japan, Vietnam, South Korea, United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Hong Kong. The method used is descriptive analysis through the inventory approach (coverage ratio) and the gravity model. The estimation results show the real GDP of the exporting country, the real GDP of the importing country, the population of the exporting country, the population of the importing country, the economic distance and the real exchange rate, SPS and TBT are variables that have a real effect on the export value of Indonesian biopharma. The TBT coverage ratio variable shows a positive coefficient value while the SPS coverage ratio shows a negative value.
Keyword: Biofarmaka, ekspor, gravity model, inventory approach, NTM

Judul: Penyelesaian Masalah Rotasi Aliran Fluida Kental Von Karman Menggunakan Metode Homotopi
Abstrak: Von Karman equation is an equation that describes fluid viscous flow induced by infinite disk rotation. By assuming steady flow and laminar, viscous incompressible fluid flow is represented in Von Karman equation by an angular velocity and the vertical direction velocity as the independent variables. Von Karman equation is a nonlinear problem that is solved using the homotopy method. The use of homotopy method is done by defining an homotopy function that requires auxiliary parameters to control the convergent region of the solution. The solution is a recursive formula with given initial conditions. Using software based-functional shows that velocity components converge to a value.
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