Judul: Analisis Dampak Kenaikan Cukai terhadap Permintaan Rokok di Kota Bogor
Abstrak: Cigarette demand in Indonesia continues to increase significantly. This makes the government issued a policy to increase the tax on cigarettes commodity. The increase in the cigarette tax policies are expected to reduce demand for cigarettes in the community but with the imposition of the tax policy of many of some parties consider that the tax increase will lead to new issues, such as the welfare of tobacco farmers and cigarette factory workers become unemployed. The purpose of this study is to look analyze the impact of tax increases on cigarette demand and the factors that influence the demand for cigarettes in Bogor. Data were obtained from questionnaires (primary) by means of interviewing with parties related to cigarette which includes the identity of respond ents, education, income, age, type of work and some other things related to cigarette demand as the price of cigarettes smoked and duration of smoking. The results showed that the price does not significantly influence the demand for cigarettes in Bogor. Variable income, smoking duration and the dummy type of work are significantly and positivly effect cigarette demand in Bogor, while the level of education and age, are significantly and negatively effect cigarette demand in Bogor.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Multiple Regression, Cigarette Demand, Price, Bogor

Judul: Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Konsumsi Rokok Kretek : Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Bogor Barat
Abstrak: Indonesia has 33 provinces which are scattered over its area. West Java is the second highest province in term of prevalence of smoking habit for age groups 10 and above. Among counties and cities in West Java, Bogor is a city with largest number of cigarette consumer in West Java in term of prevalence of smoking habit for age groups 10 and above. The purposes of this study are to analyze: 1) Characteristic of cigarette comsumers that are live in West Bogor Subdistrict; 2) Factors that influence consumption of cigarettes in West Bogor Subdistrict. This study uses primary and secondary data. Poisson regression analysis is applied in this study as method of analysis. The results of this study indicate that: 1) characteristics of respondents are senior high school graduate, married, trader, 27 to 38 years old. They have monthly income more than Rp3 500 000. The price of clove cigarette consumed is about Rp900 to Rp1 075. The price of subtitute cigarette is about Rp761 to Rp1 020. The price of complementary good purchased by respondents is about Rp2 600 to Rp5 000; 2) Factors that influence consumption of clove cigarette in Bogor are price of clove cigarette, price of subtitute cigarette, price of complementary good, age, and education level.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), consumption of clove cigarette, characteristics of smoker, poisson regression analysis

Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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