Judul: Calculation of Premium for Life Insurance and Life Annuity Policies when Interest Rates are Modeled Using Moving Average
Abstrak: Mengikuti program asuransi jiwa adalah suatu usaha yang dapat dilakukan untuk meminimumkan risiko keuangan yang diakibatkan oleh kematian. Ketika seseorang mengikuti program asuransi, orang tersebut memiliki kewajiban untuk membayar sejumlah uang yang disebut premi. Salah satu faktor penting yang menentukan besar premi yang harus dibayar adalah tingkat bunga yang digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan besar premi tunggal bersih beberapa polis asuransi jiwa dan anuitas hidup saat tingkat bunga dimodelkan dengan proses moving average dan saat tingkat bunga dimodelkan dengan model independent and identically distributed. Data yang digunakan adalah data tingkat bunga BI 7-day (Reverse) Repo Rate periode April 2016 sampai April 2021 dan Tabel Mortalitas Indonesia IV. Berdasarkan hasil penghitungan, premi tunggal bersih yang dihasilkan saat tingkat bunga dimodelkan dengan proses moving average lebih besar daripada saat dimodelkan dengan model independent and identically distributed., Joining a life insurance program is an effort that can be done to minimize the financial risk due to death. When someone joins an insurance program, that person must pay a certain amount of money so-called premium. One of the important factors that determine the amount of premium to be paid is the interest rate used. This study aims to compare the net single premium of several life insurance and life annuity policies when the interest rate is modeled using a moving average process and when the interest rate is modeled using an independent and identically distributed model. The data used are BI 7-day (Reverse) Repo Rate for the period April 2016 to April 2021 and the Indonesia Mortality Table IV. Based on the calculation, the net single premiums produced when the interest rate is modeled using a moving average process is higher than those when the interest rate is modeled using an independent and identically distributed model.
Keyword: interest rate, life annuity, life insurance, moving average, net single premium

Judul: Penentuan Premi Tahunan dan Cadangan Manfaat  Asuransi Jiwa Berjangka Multiple-Decrement dengan Skenario Suku Bunga
Abstrak: Pada karya ilmiah ini, penentuan premi dan cadangan manfaat asuransi jiwa berjangka dihitung menggunakan model multiple-decrement. Penentuan premi dan pembayaran manfaat dihitung berdasarkan penyebab kegagalan peserta asuransi. Kegagalan disebabkan oleh kematian, mengundurkan diri, disabilitas dan pensiun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan besar premi dan cadangan manfaat asuransi jiwa berjangka model multiple-decrement menggunakan suku bunga konstan dan bervariasi. Besar premi dan cadangan manfaat dihitung dengan suku bunga konstan dan empat skenario perubahan yaitu naik moderat, naik drastis, turun moderat dan turun drastis. Data yang digunakan dalam penghitungan ini adalah data tabel multiple-decrement dari Illustrative Service Table yang tersedia pada buku Bowers dan data suku bunga BI-7 Day Reverse Repo Rate (BI7DRR) dari April 2016 sampai Oktober 2022. Data pada Illustrative Service Table berisi data banyak individu yang bertahan dan banyak individu yang gagal untuk setiap penyebab kegagalan untuk individu berusia 30 sampai 70 tahun. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, kenaikan suku bunga menyebabkan penurunan besar premi dan cadangan manfaat., In this study, premium and benefit reserve determination of term life insurance was calculated using multiple-decrement model. Premium determination and benefit payment are calculated based on the cause of failure. Failure can be caused by death, withdrawal, disability and retirement. This research aims to determine the premium and benefit reserve of multiple-decrement model on term life insurance using constant and variated interest rates. The amount of premium and benefit reserve paid is calculated with the constant and four scenarios of change in interest rate which are moderately increasing, drastically increasing, moderately decreasing and drastically decreasing. The data used on this calculation is the multiple-decrement table from Illustrative Service Table available on Bowers and interest rate data from BI 7-Day Reverse Repo Rate (BI7DRR) from April 2016 to October 2022. The Illustrative Service Table contains the data of the number of survived individuals and failed individuals for every cause of failure for individuals aged 30 to 70. Based on the analysis results, the increase in interest rate caused reduction of the premium and benefit reserve.
Keyword: benefit reserve, interest rate scenario, multiple-decrement, premium, term life insurance

Judul: Identifikasi Isolat Bakteri Tahan Krom(VI) dan Pengujian Aktivitas Enzim Krom(VI) Reduktase
Abstrak: Cr(VI) (chromate) is a toxic, soluble environmental contaminant. A Gram-negative, Cr(VI)-resistant bacterium, has been isolated from effluent of electroplating wastewater treatment reactor. This strain had maximum identity value as high as 96% to Ralstonia pickettii and Ralstonia sp. M2S3. This value indicated that the strain was a species of Ralstonia genera. Because of this reason, the strain was designated as Ralstonia sp. Cr6NS. Ralstonia sp. Cr6NS was able to grow aerobically in 250 ppm Cr(VI) and had Cr(VI) reducing-capacity as high as 4,11 x 10-8μg Cr(VI)/hour/cell. From the study of enzymatic activity, Ralstonia sp. Cr6NS showed the activity of Cr(VI)-reductase both in periplasmic and sitoplasmic content. The highest activity was found in periplasmic matrix. However, the strain seemed not secreting this enzyme to the external medium.
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