Judul: IPB (Bogor Agricultural University)
Abstrak: The objectives of the study is to analyse competitiveness and its influencing factors on competitiveness of Indonesian palm oil products in international trade (export). Two indicators applied in order to analyse the competitiveness were : (1) Indicator on financial analysis using Return on Investment (ROI). Strength of the ROI is used as a criterion to indicate the competitiveness by calculating a risk premium needed by investors in palm oil enterprises. (2) Indicator on economic analysis using a Domestic Resource Cost (DRC) or DRC Ratio. The Domestic Resource Cost reflects the amount of domestic resources used to earn one unit of foreign exchange, in this case is 1 US $ estimated by a shadow price. The amount of DRC or DRC Ratio shows whether or not there is a comparative advantage for palm oil business and its down stream industrv in the international trade or in foreign exchange earning.
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Judul: Analisis Daya Saing dan Perdagangan Produk Ekspor Kelapa Sawit Indonesia di Pasar Internasional
Abstrak: Indonesia is the largest producer of palm oil products in the world, with a production of about 44.46 percent of the total world production. Exports of palm oil products driven from the demand side, namely the growth in world consumption is equal to 3 percent per year. Although the quantity of export of palm oil products showed an increase, but starting in 2011, a change in the composition of exports of Indonesian palm oil products, namely the export of processed products or Refinery Palm Oil (RPO) increased, whereas Crude Palm Oil (CPO) decreased. This happens due to the impact of the progressive establishment of export duty on palm oil products, which began in 2007. The trend of increasing exports of Indonesian palm oil products and increased consumption of palm oil world, demonstrates the potential exports of palm oil products market is still high in the international market. The volume of exports of palm oil products in the international market is determined by the competitiveness of export products of palm oil and other determinants. To that end, the purpose of this study are: (1) analyze the competitiveness and the level of competition Indonesian palm oil export products in the international market and (2) analyze the factors that affect the flow of trade in products of Indonesian palm oil exports as well as the potential for trade in the international market. Secondary data were used in the form of panel data is a merger between the data time series and cross section. The analysis method used in this study were: (1) descriptive analysis, (2) analysis of the competitiveness of the method of Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), (3) Spearman rank correlation analysis, (4) analysis of panel data with gravity models, and ( 5) analysis of the ratio of trade potential. Research results indicate that the export product trade Indonesian palm oil in the international market has the highest comparative advantage for CPO (average value of 64.72 RCA) and the lowest for the RPO (average value of 32.37 RCA), although seen from the RCA all products Indonesian palm oil exports show has a comparative advantage. Based on the analysis of competitiveness, Indonesia has a negative correlation with Malaysia's CPO and RPO market. The variables that significantly influence the volume of Indonesian CPO exports include Indonesia's real GDP per capita, real GDP per capita of the country of destination, within the Indonesian economy with the country of destination and the exchange rate against the local currency unit (LCU). While the variables that are not significant to the CPO export volume is a progressive export tax on palm oil products. RPO model, the variables that significantly affect Indonesia's per capita real GDP, real GDP per capita of the country of destination, the rupiah against the LCU, and a progressive export tax. While the variables that are not significant to the export volume RPO is the distance of the Indonesian economy with the country of destination. Indonesian CPO trade potential ratio shows that the trade is still under trade and potentially increase in the future is the China, Netherland,
Keyword: competitiveness, exports, gravity models, palm oil

Judul: Sintesis nanopartikel Cu2ZnSnS4 menggunakan teknik hidrotermal
Abstrak: Nanopartikel Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) merupakan semikonduktor yang berpotensi sebagai fotokatalis untuk reaksi fotodegradasi zat pewarna. Semikonduktor ini memiliki sela pita yang jauh lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan semikonduktor TiO2, sehingga memungkinkan dapat berkerja hanya dengan paparan sinar matahari. Nanopartikel Cu2ZnSnS4 telah berhasil disintesis menggunakan teknik hidrotermal dengan suhu 200 oC selama 24 jam. Larutan Cu2ZnSnS4 dinetralkan menggunakan amonium hidroksida dan dialiri gas N2 sebelum proses hidrotermal. Hasil analisis mikroskop elektron pemayaran menunjukkan nanopartikel Cu2ZnSnS4 mengalami aglomerasi karena memiliki ukuran partikel yang besar. Hasil analisis difraktogram sinar-X menunjukkan bahwa Cu2ZnSnS4 yang dihasilkan memiliki struktur kesterit dengan senyawa fase sekunder yang terbentuk adalah CuS, ZnS, dan Cu2SnS3. Hasil uji fotodegradasi menunjukkan bahwa senyawa hasil sintesis memiliki kemampuan degradasi dibawah sinar matahari lebih baik dibandingkan dengan TiO2. Namun, pada paparan sinar UV, TiO2 mendegradasi biru metilena lebih baik daripada senyawa hasil sintesis. Kapasitas adsorbsi terhadap biru metilena sebesar 2.6780 mg/g menunjukkan bahwa senyawa hasil sintesis tidak mampu mengadsorpsi dengan baik, sehingga disimpulkan bahwa hilangnya biru metilena dari larutan disebabkan oleh fotodegradasi, bukan oleh adsorpsi
Keyword: band gap, Cu2ZnSnS4, kesterite, photocatalyst, semiconductor