Judul: Rancang Bangun Sistem Kemudi Otomatis Traktor Pertanian Berbasis Navigasi GPS (Global Positioning System)
Abstrak: Research about the application of automatic navigation system on agricultural tractors has become one of the important research topics in the last two decades especially in the developed countries where the issue of ‘Precision Farming’ application is considered. GPS has been commonly used as the navigation system of vehicles including tractors. The objective of the research was to develop smart tractor that would work automatically based on GPS navigation for cultivation activity in precision farming. Mechatronic navigation control system for agricultural riding tractor including tractor steering, accelerator, clutch, brake system, and hydraulic control had been successfully developed using microcontrollers. GPS interfacing and data processing were also developed using Visual Basic 6.0 and functioned as the main control system. Field test was done on 40 x 20 m area with tractor velocity 0.6 m/s. The average error of control system was 17.9 cm.
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Judul: Modification of automatic navigation system on controlling tractor for dry land tillage
Abstrak: This is the advanced research concerning to the development of automatic steering system on tractor with Global Positioning System navigation (Rahman, 2013). The purpose of this research is to improve algoritm from the previous research (Rahman, 2013) for the automatic navigation following the dry land tilling trajectory. The field test has been carried out in two steps, they are test of straight line without using implement and dry land tilling test using rotary tiller. Result of the straight line test without any mechanical component changes and without using implement, shows the average error 8.62 cm and maximum error 16.77 cm, this result is much better than the previous one by Rahman (2013) because of 28.17% average error decrease. Operation by rotary tiller following the dry land tilling trajectory produces the average error of straight line 6.9 cm and maximum error 31.64 cm, this result shows that the average error has 61.45% decrease compared to Rahman’s research (2013). In this research, it has been developed a new mechanisms of onwards and backwards transmition to support the tractor movement following the new trajectory and to separate the right and left brake mechanism which the work result of 1.5 m turning radius.
Keyword: tractor., automatic navigation, algoritm

Judul: Daya Tahan IgY Spesifik Terhadap Influenza dan COVID-19 dalam Balsam Bibir
Abstrak: Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 virus are respiratory infections and require antiviral medications due to severe consequences. Utilization of specific immunoglobulin Y (IgY) inserted in personal care products were developed. The aim of this study was to evaluate durability of specific IgY against influenza and COVID-19 in lipbalm. The concentration of IgY used in this research was 0.1% and 0.25%. Three groups were observed: control (C) lipbalm without IgY, treatment 1 (T1) lipbalm with 0.1% IgY and treatment 2 (T2) lipbalm with 0.25% IgY. Organoleptic tests were conducted and recorded which includes the sense of smell, colour and consistency for six weeks. The presence of IgY in lipbalm was evaluated using enzyme-linked-immunosorbent-assay (ELISA) and neutralizationassay. There were some noticeable changes of organoleptic that can be observed such as colour darkened and texture hardened of the lipbalm. Most of the assays gave negative results in T1 and T2, whilst only few of them were doubtful. Our result indicated that IgY concentration of 0.1% or 0.25% in lipbalm were not optimal. However, the negative result might be due to the unavailability of IgY in the product to be dissolved in deionized water since we used beeswax as lipbalm component.
Keyword: Covid-19, egg yolk immunoglobulin Y, lipbalm, influenza