Judul: Estimasi Skor Marbling dan Lemak Intramuskular Sapi Bali dan Sapi Sumba Ongole Menggunakan Program ImageJ pada Citra Ultrasonografi.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi skor marbling dan lemak intramuskular menggunakan program ImageJ pada citra ultrasonografi sapi bali dan sapi sumba ongole. Total sapi betina yang digunakan 12 ekor yang dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu sapi bali umur 2 tahun sebanyak 6 ekor dan sapi sumba ongole umur 3-4 tahun sebanyak 6 ekor. Kualitas karkas yang diamati meliputi persentase lemak intramuskular (LIM) dan skor marbling. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan pencitraan ultrasonografi pada otot longissimus dorsi. Selanjutnya dianalisis dengan sofware ImageJ dan analisis regresi untuk mengetahui persamaan yang akan digunakan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan R2 pada analisis regresi sebesar 92.06% yang berarti bahwa model regresi dapat digunakan sebagai penduga yang akurat. Skor marbling sapi bali yaitu 1.51-1.53 dan sapi sumba ongole 2.06-2.28. Perbedaan tersebut dipengaruhi oleh perbedaan bangsa dan umur. Nilai lemak intramuskular berbanding lurus dengan skor marbling. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh dapat disimpulkan bahwa program ImageJ dengan pencitraan utrasonografi dapat digunakan untuk menduga skor marbling dan lemak intramuskular pada sapi bali dan sumba ongole dengan Region of interest sebesar 30 mm x 30 mm.
Keyword: sapi bali, somba ongole, citra ultrasonografi

Judul: Pendugaan Skor Marbling dan Lemak Intramuskular Sapi Bali (Bos javanicus) Hasil Citra Ultrasonografi Berdasarkan Bobot Badan
Abstrak: Penelitian Ini bertujuan menganalisis pendugaan skor marbling dan lemak intramuskular sapi bali (Bos javanicus) hasil citra ultrasonografi berdasarkan bobot badan. Sebanyak 52 ekor sapi bali jantan digunakan yang dipelihara secara intensif dan ekstensif di Balai Pembibitan Ternak Unggul dan Hijauan Pakan Ternak (BPTU-HPT) Denpasar, Bali. Pendugaan skor marbling (SM) dan lemak intramuskular (LIM) hasil citra ultrasonografi dianalisis menggunakan imageJ. Metode pendugaan skor marbling, lemak intramuskular, dan korelasi bobot badan menggunakan model persamaan regresi, korelasi, dan nilai determinasi (R2). Persamaan regresi linear sederhana skor marbling terhadap bobot badan diperoleh pada Longgissimus dorsi transversal dan Longgissimus dorsi longitudinal sebagai berikut Y= -0.07 + 0.00720 X, Y= 0.53 + 0.00536 X transversal dan longitudinal intensif dan Y= 1.60 + 0.00070 X, Y= 1.60 + 0.00035 X pada posisi transversal dan longitudinal ekstensif. Korelasi skor marbling terhadap bobot badan posisi Longgissimus dorsi transversal dan longitudinal pemeliharaan intensif dan ekstensif berturut-turut sebesar 0.28, 0.26, -0.02, dan 0.07 yang menunjukan adanya korelasi positif sedang, positif lemah, dan negatif lemah. Disimpulkan bahwa pendugaan skor marbling sapi bali berdasarkan bobot badan menggunakan model regresi dan korelasi diperoleh adanya hubungan korelasi dengan R2 hingga 0.1%.
Keyword: citra ultrasonografi, pemeliharaan intensif dan ekstensif, sapi bali, skor marbling

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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