Judul: Implementation of Active Packaging Technology to Extend The Shelf Life of Carnation Flowers (Dianthus Caryophyllus L.)
Abstrak: Pemanfaatan edible flower anyelir dalam beberapa tahun terakhir semakin populer di kalangan masyarakat. Kandungan air yang tinggi dalam bunga menimbulkan permasalahan karena bunga menjadi cepat rusak selama penyimpanan. Coating kitosan 0,1% terbukti mampu mempertahankan kualitas bunga anyelir selama 6 hari. Namun, penerapan edible coating cukup rumit sehingga dibutuhkan teknologi pascapanen lain yang lebih efisien. Oleh karena itu, teknologi kemasan aktif dengan bahan penyerap dapat dikembangkan pada bunga anyelir. Pada penelitian ini digunakan oxygen absorber untuk mengurangi konsentrasi O2 dalam kemasan dan silika gel untuk mengurangi H2O yang tertahan di dalam kemasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh penggunaan kedua bahan penyerap pada kemasan bunga anyelir dan menentukan kombinasi yang terbaik. Perlakuan yang diberikan pada bunga adalah coating kitosan 0,1%, kemasan G1O1 (0,5 g silika gel dan 60 cc oxygen absorber), dan kemasan G2O2 (0,25 g silika gel dan 130 cc oxygen absorber). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa coating masih menjadi upaya terbaik untuk menjaga mutu bunga hingga hari ke-8 dengan nilai kadar air, susut bobot, nilai L, dan °hue selama penyimpanan sebesar 81,73%; 14,47%; 18,12; dan 12,64. Sementara itu, kemasan G1O1 merupakan perlakuan kemasan aktif terbaik dimana dapat mempertahankan kadar air, susut bobot, nilai L, dan °hue bunga sebesar 81,14%; 22,50%; 17,35; dan 14,40. Sebagai pembanding, nilai masing-masing parameter mutu pada kontrol pada akhir penyimpanan (8 hari) adalah 79,12%; 25,65%; 16,30; dan 9,26., The utilization of carnation as edible flower has been gaining popularity, but their high water content causes them to deteriorate quickly during storage. Previous research has shown that coating with 0,1% chitosan can maintain their quality for up to 6 days. However, the application of edible coatings is complex, so alternative postharvest technologies are needed. This study explores the use of active packaging technology with absorbent materials for carnation flowers. Oxygen absorbers were used to reduce oxygen concentration in the packaging, while silica gel was used to reduce water retention. The study aimed to determine the best composition of absorbent materials for the packaging. The treatments given to the flowers were coating with 0,1% chitosan, G1O1 packaging (0,5 g silica gel and 60 cc oxygen absorber), and G2O2 packaging (0,25 g silica gel and 130 cc oxygen absorber). The results showed that coating was still the most effective method for maintaining flower quality up to 8 days with values of moisture content, weight loss, L-value, and °hue during storage of 81,73%; 14,47%; 18,12; and 12,64. Meanwhile, G1O1 packaging is the best active packaging treatment which can maintain the moisture content, weight loss, L-value, and °hue of flowers by 81,14%; 22,50%; 17,35; and 14,40. For comparison, the values of each quality parameter in the control at the end of storage (8 days) were 79,12%; 25,65%; 16,30; and 9,26.
Keyword: Active packaging, carnation, edible flower, oxygen absorber, silica gel

Judul: Carrageenan and Chitosan Application as an  Edible Coating to Extend Shelf Life Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.)
Abstrak: In recent years, interest in edible flowers has increased. The problem that arises with edible flowers is that this commodity is perishable quickly, cannot be stored for long, and is required to be fresh. One alternative technology that can be done to increase the shelf life of carnations is to use carrageenan and chitosan edible coating applications. The purpose of this research was to examine the effect of using edible coatings of carrageenan and chitosan on changes in the quality of carnation flowers and to determine the best coating solution treatment based on the shelf life of the carnations produced. The results showed that the best treatment was coating with 0.1% chitosan solution (Q1) which was able to maintain the water content, weight loss, and hue values of 79.61%, 7.93%, and 26.62° to 6 shelf life with panelists' acceptance on score of 3 (from 0-5) based on color and freshness. Meanwhile, flowers without coating treatment (control) had moisture content, weight loss, and hue values of 74.01%, 11.68%, and 24.13°. However, these results may need to be reviewed with the same experiments in near future because the chitosan material used is categorized as technical material whose quality is unknown. The material used for coating should refer to Badan Standarisasi Nasional (BSN).
Keyword: Carnation, coating, carrageenan, chitosan, shelf life

Judul: Penentuan Nilai Eigen dan Vektor Eigen dari Matriks Tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz dengan Pendekatan Polinomial Chebyshev
Abstrak: The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a matrix can be determined by finding its characteristic polynomials. The characteristic polynomials of a tridiagonal 2-Toeplitz matrix is shown to be closely connected to polynomials which satisfy the Chebyshev recurrence relationship. If the order of the matrix is odd, then the eigenvalues are found explicitly in terms of the Chebyshev zeros and the eigenvectors are found in terms of the polynomials satisfying the recurrence relationship. For even ordered matrices, the situation is more complicated. The problem in these cases is that although the Chebyshev recurrence formula is still applied, its initial values are not generating Chebyshev polynomials
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