Judul: Komposisi Jenis dan Struktur Tegakan Arboretum Fakultas Kehutanan dan Lingkungan IPB
Abstrak: Ekosistem hutan terdiri dari komunitas pohon dan sumber hayati lainnya yang saling terhubung satu sama lain dan dengan lingkungannya. Hubungan ini dapat dilihat melalui jumlah variasi jenis tumbuhan dan struktur tumbuhan tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan komposisi jenis tumbuhan dan menganalisis struktur tegakan di Arboretum Fakultas Kehutanan dan Lingkungan IPB. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kuadrat (petak). Analisis data meliputi analisis vegetasi, dan analisis nilai Indeks Nilai Penting (INP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komposisi jenis pada tegakan hutan Arboretum Fakultas Kehutanan dan Lingkungan IPB didominasi oleh jenis Arthropyllum diversifolium, Calophyllum soulattri, Maesopsis eminii, Khaya anthotheca pada tingkat pohon dan permudaannya dan, Piper aduncum, dan Dracaena Fragrans pada tingkat tumbuhan bawah. Jumlah jenis pohon berikut permudaannya dan tumbuhan bawah berjumlah sebanyak 48 jenis. Stratifikasi tajuk tegakan Arboretum Fakultas Kehutanan dan Lingkungan IPB didominasi oleh stratum C dengan struktur tegakannya berbentuk huruf J terbalik., Forest ecosystems consist of communities of trees and other biological resources that are interconnected with each other and with their environment. This relationship can be seen through the number of variations in plant species and plant structure. The purpose of this study was to describe the composition of plant species and to analyze the structure of the stands in the Arboretum of the Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB. The method used is the quadratic method (plots). Data analysis includes analysis of vegetation, and analysis of Important Value Index (INP) values. The results showed that the species composition of the Arboretum forest stands of the Faculty of Forestry and Environment IPB was dominated by the species Arthropyllum diversifolium, Calophyllum soulattri, Maesopsis eminii and, Khaya anthotheca at trees with their regeneration, Piper aduncum, and Dracaena Fragrans at undergrowth. The total number of species for trees with their regeneration and undergrowth is 48 species. The canopy stratification of the Arboretum of Faculty of Forestry and Environment of IPB is dominated by stratum C with an iverted J shaped stand structure.
Keyword: arboretum, type composition, stratum, structure

Judul: Komposisi Jenis dan Struktur Tegakan di Hutan Penelitian Haurbentes Jasinga, Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: The Haurbentes Special Purpose Forest Area which functioned as a reaserch forest has various types of stands. This study was purposed to obtain informations on the species composition and stand structure in Harbuentes Research Forest. Unit samples taken by using purposing sampling method on 20 ha Haurbentes forest area. Observed variables in this study are number of vegetation individuals for seedlings and saplings, also diameter and number of individuals vegetation level from trees which diameter greater than 10 cm in 10 m x 50 m pots with seedlings, saplings and tree measuring on each type. Estimation of forest stands potential calculated with Dipterocarpaceae volume estimation and Berkhout linier transformation equation. Based on the observation, biodiversity index forest (H') in Haurbentes Research Forest for all levels of growth were categorized as moderate classification since it had biodiversity index forest values between 1,5 to 3,5. The species richness for seedling and trees growth rate were categorized as low classification and the sapling growth rate were categorized as high classification. The highest number of plants was founded in sapling growth rate and the lowest number of plants was founded in seedling and trees growth rate, with the value of 20 species of seedling, 51 species of saplings and 15 species of trees. Species of Shorea mecistopteryx was the dominant species at every stages of growth because these species are found in large numbers and spread almost evenly throughout the area. The stand structure of Haurbentes Forest was characterized as the larger the size of the diameter of the rod the more reduced the number of individuals of the species (the inverted "J" letter curve graphic). Based on 2012 tree treatise at the Haurbentes research forest in the area of 20 ha were found 2987 trees. Total of Dipterocarpaceae wood volume potential obtained in Haurbentes research forest is 592,77 m3 or 29,64 m3/ha.
Keyword: stand structure, species composition

Judul: Desain Instrumen Pengontrol Otomatis Pasteurisasi Susu
Abstrak: Pasteurisasi merupakan salah satu cara pengawetan ter- hadap susu segar sebelum disimpan pada suhu rendah atau langsung dikonsumsi. Caranya adalah dengan memanaskan sam- pai mencapai suhu minimal 62.8 atau 71.7 °C yang diperta- hankan tetap selama 1800 atau 15 detik. Kombinasi suhu dan waktu dapat dipilih sesuai dengan kemampuan alat. Makin tinggi suhu yang dipilih makin pendek waktunya. Melalui proses pasteurisasi, rasa dan aroma susu tidak berubah dan seluruh bakteri penyebab penyakit (bakteri pa- togen) musnah. Berdasarkan kombinasi suhu-waktu, pasterisasi susu di- bedakan atas tiga metoda, yaitu metoda waktu lama (long hold), temperatur tinggi waktu pendek (HTST) dan temperatur tinggi (UHT). Suhu pasteurisasi dengan metoda waktu lama minimal 62.8 °C yang dipertahankan tetap selama paling se- dikit 1800 detik. Sedang HTST suhu minimalnya adalah 71.7 °C dengan waktu 15 detik atau lebih lama. Pada UHT waktu yang diperlukan adalah dua detik atau lebih singkat dengan suhu 87.8 - 132.2 °C. Pemakaian kombinasi suhu-waktu yang melebih dari ke- tentuan minimalnya akan mempengaruhi rasa, aroma, komposisi ...
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