Judul: Dampak Kebijakan Harga Output dan Input  Terhadap Penawaran Output dan Permintaan  Input Komoditas Karet dan Kelapa Sawit
Abstrak: Secara umum penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak kebijakan pemerintah terhadap penawaran output dan permintaan input komoditas karet dan kelapa sawit. Sedangkan secara khusus bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) elastisitas penawaran output dan permintaan input terhadap perubahan harga output dan input komoditas karet dan kelapa sawit, (2) skala usaha dan bias perubahan teknologi pada komoditas karet dan kelapa sawit, dan (3) dampak kebijakan perubahan harga output dan input terhadap penawaran output dan permintaan input komoditas karet dan kelapa sawit. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersumber dari laporan manajemen dan laporan keuangan beberapa unit kebun di PTPN-V dan berbagai instansi terkait dari tahun 1990 sampai tahun 1999. Data dianalisis menggunakan model fungsi keuntungan translog dan elastisitas linear sederhana. Analisis dilakukan pada komoditas karet dan kelapa sawit secara terpisah.
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Judul: Analisis Daya Saing Dan Dampak Kebijakan Pemerintah Terhadap Pengusahaan Komoditi Tanaman Karet Alam (Havea Braziliensis). (Kasus Di KecamatAn Cambai, Kota Prabumulih, Propinsi Sumatera Selatan)
Abstrak: Pertanian merupakan suatu sektor penggerak ekonomi rakyat yang sebagian besar sebagai mata pencaharian masyarakat pada umumnya, hal tersebut sesuai dengan kondisi Indonesia sebagai negala agraris (basis pertanian). Adapun pengusahaan pertanian tersebut sebagian besar pada sektor perkebunan. Karet merupakan salah satu komoditi unggulan sektor perkebunan menempati urutan kedua daIam jumlah produksi setelah keIapa sawit Tingkat produksi karet aIam Indonesia mengalami kenaikan setiap tahunnya, dari jumIah produksi di dunia menempati urutan kedua seteIah Thailand dengan jumIah produksi tahun 2005 yailu 2.270.700 ton. Permintaan menurut hasiI data anaIisa pakar perkaretan Gabkindo Pusat Jakarta karet aIam dunia pada tahun 2004 taku tercatat 8,3 juIa ton, tatum 2005 meningkat menjadi 8,8 juta ton atau naik 6,2% per tahun, sedangkan pada tahun 2006 menjadi 9 juta ton atau mengaIami peningkatan 2.2% dibanding dengan tahun 2005. Pennintaan karet aIarn tersebut masih dikuasai negara Asia Pasifik yang terh;atd tatum 2004 sebanyak 4,8 ribu ton, tahun 2005 mening1tat 5,2 ribu ton, serta disusuI negara Uni Eropa sebanyak 1,3 ribu ton, Amerika latin dan Ulara capai 1,8 ribu ton.
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Judul: Pengembangan Kultur sel dan Vaksin Inaktif untuk Pencegahan Infeksi Megalocytivirus pada Ikan Gurami (Osphronemus goramy).
Abstrak: Megalocytivirus of family Iridoviridae is a known pathogen that caused fatal systemic infection lead to massive death and significant economic losses of numerous fish species in marine, fresh water and ornamental fish industries. In Indonesia, since 2011 megalocytivirus had been found as main pathogen in some cases of giant gourami outbreak especially in West Java, Central Java and Bali. Rapid expansion and intensification in aquaculture has led to many cases of disease outbreaks. Mortality rates of fish due to viral infections is high and up to now there’s no effective treatment methods to overcome the problem. Prevention is a better choice than treatment although efforts to prevent and control diseases caused by viral infections are still difficult to do. The aim of this study was to develop a primary cell culture and an inactivated vaccine for megalocytivirus infection in giant gourami. The first stage of this study was conducted to identify and characterized megalocytivirus in cultured giant gourami. The virus was identified using universal and spesific primers for megalocytivirus and infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV). Sequencing and BLAST analysis were used to develop phylogenetic tree. The result showed that phylogenetic analysis of major capsid protein (MCP) gene unveiled a new megalocytivirus strain, designated as giant gourami iridovirus (GGIV). GGIV formed cluster belonged to ISKNV and has 100% homology to ISKNV complete genome. Artificial infection by intraperitoneally injection with supernatant homogenate from spleen and kidney of naturally infected fish were showed 93% mortality in 12 days. Fish showed clinical sign of infection as lethargic, loss of appetite, pale or darken body color and haemorrhages. Internal organ on death fish showed swollen spleen and kidney and also pale liver. Quantitative PCR analysis on internal organs showed spleen had the highest viral DNA copy number followed by kidney, gill and liver. Histopathological analysis showed hemorrage in these organs and many abnormally hypertrophied cells which is typical histopathological characteristic of megalocytivirus infection. On the second stage of this study was to develop primary cell cultures from its spleen as target organ for propagating megalocytivirus in vitro. We developed primary cell from spleen by enzimatic dissociation. The result showed that primary cell (GPs cell) can grow well at 27 oC and 10% serum in L-15 medium was sufficient for cells growth. GPs cells were infected with giant gourami iridovirus (GGIV) showed enlargement and rounding cells. Virus propagated in GPs cells was highly virulent when injected to giant gourami in artificial infection. Intraperitoneal injection experiments of diluted virus supernatant showed 100% mortality within 7-11 dpi and 97% mortality in 21 days by cohabitation with abnormalities were observed in spleen and kidney. GPs cell was successfully subcultured for more than 30 passages and was found to be susceptible to GGIV as a pathogen of ISKNV infection in cultured-giant gourami. GGIV was propagated in GPs cells for megalocytivirus vaccine development for giant gourami. On the third stage of this study was to develop an effective vaccine and measure its efficacy using relative percent survival (RPS), serological parameters (antibody titers), and molecular (relative expression of gouramy immune genes). The
Keyword: inactivated-vaccine, megalocytivirus, primary cell culture, Osphronemus goramy