Judul: The Impact of Education Budget on Poverty Rate in North Sumatera
Abstrak: Sumatera Utara merupakan salah satu provinsi di Indonesia yang memiliki persentase penduduk miskin di bawah nasional. Akan tetapi pada provinsi ini masih terdapat disparitas antar wilayah yang ditandai dengan tingginya tingkat kemiskinan di beberapa kabupaten/kota. Untuk menanggulangi hal tersebut pemerintah mengalokasikan sebagian pengeluaran belanja pembangunan pada bidang pendidikan sebagai bentuk investasi terhadap sumberdaya manusia. Akan tetepi, besarnya proporsi pada anggaran pendidikan tidak selalu mengimplikasikan kondisi kemiskinan yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak anggaran pendidikan terhadap tingkat kemiskinan di Provinsi Sumatera Utara periode tahun 2015 sampai 2019. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel mengunakan software Ms. Excel dan Eviews 10 dengan data 33 kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Hasil estimasi yang didapat menunjukkan bahwa anggaran pendidikan memiliki pengaruh yang negatif dan signifikan terhadap tingkat kemiskinan. Sementara faktor lain yang mempengaruhi tingkat kemiskinan ini adalah Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) dan Upah Minimum Kabupaten/Kota (UMK)., North Sumatera is one of the provinces in Indonesia which has a percentage of poor people below the national level. However, in this province there are still disparities between regions which are marked by high levels of poverty in several districts/cities. To overcome this, the government allocates a portion of development spending on education as a form of investment in human resources. However, a large proportion of the education budget does not necessarily imply better poverty conditions. This study aims to analyze the impact of the education budget on poverty levels in North Sumatra in period 2015 to 2019. The analytical method used is panel data regression using Ms. Excel and Eviews 10 with data on 33 districts/cities in North Sumatra. The estimation results obtained indicate that the education budget has a negative and significant effect on poverty rate. Meanwhile, other factors that influence the poverty rate in North Sumatra are the Human Development Index (HDI) and the Regency/City Minimum Wage.
Keyword: education budget, FEM, north sumatera, panel data, poverty

Judul: Analysis of Factors Influencing Poverty in North Sumatera (2016-2020 Period)
Abstrak: Salah satu permasalahan multidimensi yang dihadapi oleh seluruh negara di dunia, termasuk Indonesia adalah masalah kemiskinan. Sumatera Utara sebagai provinsi dengan jumlah penduduk miskin terbanyak pada urutan keempat di Indonesia. Sepanjang tahun 2020 Sumatera Utara belum sanggup mencapai target persentase tingkat kemiskinan yang ditetapkan pemerintah yaitu sebesar 8.43 persen. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memberikan deskripsi terkait kondisi serta faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kemiskinan di Sumatera Utara dengan data time-series 2016-2020 serta data cross section 33 kabupaten maupun kota yang ada di Sumatera Utara, serta memberikan saran kebijakan pengentasan kemiskinan bagi provinsi tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi dan upah minimum memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kemiskinan di Sumatera Utara, sedangkan jumlah penduduk memberikan pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kemiskinan di provinsi tersebut., One of the multidimensional problems faced by all countries in the world, including Indonesia is the problem of poverty. North Sumatra the province with the highest number of poor people is fourth in Indonesia. Throughout 2020, North Sumatra has not been able to reach the poverty rate target set by the government, which is 8.43 percent. This research was conducted with the aim of providing a description of the conditions and factors that influence poverty in North Sumatra with 2016-2020 time-series data and cross-section data of 33 districts and cities in North Sumatra, as well as providing advice on poverty alleviation policies for the province. The results showed that economic growth and the minimum wage had a negative and significant effect on poverty in North Sumatra, while the population had a positive and significant effect on poverty in the province.
Keyword: Random Effect Model, Panel Data, North Sumatera, Poverty

Judul: Sintesis Flavonol melalui 2’-Hidroksikalkon
Abstrak: Flavonol is a class of flavonoids commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Flavonol is very useful, especially in food sector and health. In this study, flavonol unsubstituted was successfully synthesized from an intermediate material 2’-hydroxychalcone. The 2’-hydroxychalcone was synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation method between o-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde using 4 different catalysts, namely KOH 60%, solid pellet of KOH-grinding technique, BF3-Et2O, and NaH in DMF. The KOH 60% was the best catalyst, giving the highest yield (57%). Afterward, the flavonol was synthesized in 1-stage oxidation cyclization of o-hydroxyacetophenone using Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction, giving 76%. The flavonol total yield from 2’-hydroxychalcone was 43%. All synthesized products were characterized by their melting points and their spectra. The success of the synthesis flavonol opens the way to synthesis of useful flavonol derivatives such as quercetin and kaempferol.
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