Judul: Proses Co-Composting Abu Ketel dengan Bagas menggunakan Kotoran Sapi dengan Perlakuan Laju Aerasi dan Nilai C/N Awal
Abstrak: Boiler ash and bagasse contain high organic carbon and have a good characteristic, so it facilitate the circulation and air flow went into co-composting. The objective of this research were to utilize solid waste of sugar cane industry, in the form of boiler ash and bagasse by composting (co-composting) with addition of cow dung, to understand the influence of aeration rate to the compossing process of bagasse and boiler ash, as well as the cow dung, to understand the influence of first C/N to the compossing process of bagasse and boiler ash from sugarcane industry and also the cow dung. In this research, to increase nitrogen value, it was added with the cow dung. The cow dung contained high N, P, and K as compost. Co-composting was done by aerated pile method and a passive aerated treatment defines as a control. The treatment was done with different composition of bagasse, boiler ash, and cow dung and the different aeration. The aeration was conducted in the rate 0.8 l/minute kg ingredient, 1.2 1/minute kg ingredients, and C/N formulation 30, 40, 50. Composting process was done in 42 days with active aeration in the first week. The analysis showed that aeration technique had no significant effect to change the C/N value. Generally, aeration factor had no different interaction, while the first C/N formulation had different results.
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Judul: Pengomposan Blotong, Bagas dan Abu Ketel dari Industri Gula dengan Perlakuan Aerasi Aktif dan Perbedaan Nilai C/N Awal
Abstrak: Filter Cake, Bagasse and Boiler wastes in the sugarcane industry has not been used optimally. Therefore, it is necessary to studies use of composting. The purposes of study are to optimize the wastes utilization with composting and to know the influence of different active aerationrate and different initial C/N value on composting process and product. The research method using complete randomized design with two treatments, namely active aeration treatment with air drainage and passive aeration (without air drainage). The aeration active composting in the first week, then in the second week until the end of composting by air supply naturally. Composting consists of three composition based on initial C/N value, they are 30, 40 and 50. In term of active aeration rate, composting consists of two aeration rate, they are 0.8 l/kg.minute and 1.2 l/kg.minute. Parameters monitored during composting such as, temperature is done every day, pH and C/N is every week. Upon the completion of composting which is 42 days, compost is characterized to define the quality of compost and compare with SNI 19-7030-2004. The composting with aeration treatment of active and passive aeration does significantly affect the value of C/N and the different initial C/N value composition significantly affect the value of C/N by anova statistic. The compost, in physically, pH value and potassium content does meet the requirements of the compost, but it does not meet the requirements in water content, phosporus content and C/N Value, based on SNI 19-7030-2004.C/N value of the compost is 23.44 and water content is 54.56%
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Judul: Invers Drazin dari Matriks Toeplitz Singular
Abstrak: Matriks Toeplitz adalah matriks yang setiap unsur pada diagonal utama bernilai sama dan setiap unsur pada subdiagonal yang bersesuaian dengan diagonal utama juga bernilai sama. Matriks singular adalah matriks yang tidak bisa ditentukan inversnya. Akan tetapi, dapat diupayakan untuk ditentukan inversnya menggunakan invers matriks yang diperumum. Invers Drazin merupakan salah satu jenis invers matriks yang diperumum. Pada karya ilmiah ini ditentukan invers Drazin dari matriks Toeplitz singular dengan menggunakan metode Leverrier Faddeev. Kemudian, ditentukan invers Drazin dari matriks Toeplitz singular yang direpresentasikan sebagai penjumlahan segitiga bawah dan segitiga atas matriks Toeplitz berdasar pada teorema Gohberg dan Semencul., Toeplitz matrix is a matrix in with element on the main diagonal has the same value and on the subdiagonal corresponding to the main diagonal also has the same value. Singular matrix is a matrix that has no inverse. However, it can be attempted to determine the inverse using a generalized inverse matrix. Inverse Drazin is a type of generalized matrix inverse. This paper discussed the inverse Drazin for a singular Toeplitz matrix using the Leverrier Faddeev method. Then, the Drazin inverse of the singular Toeplitz matrix which is represented as a sum of products of lower and upper triangular Toeplitz matrix based on Gohberg and Semencul theorem.
Keyword: inverse Drazine, singular Toeplitz matrix