Judul: Peranan Kelompok dalam Mengembangkan Kemandirian Petani dan Ketangguhan Berusahatani
Abstrak: Keterbukaan ekonomi sebagai konsekwensi diterapkannya kesepakatan General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), diberlakukannya perdagangan bebas di kawasan Asia Pasifik melalui Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) dan adanya kesepakatan negara-negara Asia-Tenggara dalam bentuk Asean Free Trade Area (AFTA), cepat ataupun lambat akan berakibat timbulnya persaingan yang ketat terhadap berbagai komoditas Indonesia di pasar dalam negeri maupun di pasar internasional.
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Judul: Impact of the trade liberalization on the Indonesian economy performance: a macro-econometricsapproach
Abstrak: Perkembangan ekonomi dunia dewasa ini telah mengarah pada tatanan hubungan ekonomi secara global, dan lndonesia telah ikut serta dalam sistem tersebut setelah menanda tangani Kesepakatan Umum Tarif dan Perdagangan Multilateral GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) melalui WTO yang akan mulai diimplementasi pada tahun 2005. Disamping itu lndonesia ikut pula dalam kesepakatan APEC (Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation) dan AFTA (ASEAN Free Trade Area). Walaupun saat ini Indonesia sedang dilanda krisis ekonomi namun perubahan lingkungan global yang mengarah pada diberlakukannya liberalisasi perdagangan merupakan tantangan eksternal yang makin serius dan pasti. Bagaimana dampak liberalisasi perdagangan khususnya terhadap negara berkembang masih terus diperdebatkan bahkan menimbulkan pendapat aliran optimistik maupun pesimistik. Studi-studi empirik yang telah dilakukan secara umum mendukung konsep bahwa perdagangan bebas akan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat secara agregat, namun diakui pula bahwa manfaat yang diterima setiap negara tidaklah sama, ada yang lebih diuntungkan atau sebaliknya., The world economy is currently developed toward the global economic relationship system. Indonesia has taken a part in the system as soon as it signed the commitment about General Agreement of Tariffs and Trade (GATT) of WTO. This agreement will be implemented in the year of 2005. Besides, Indonesia has also participated in other agreements like Asia Pasific Economic Cooperation (APEC) and Asean Free Trade Area (AFTA). Though nowadays Indonesia is facing economic and monetary crisis, changes in global environment directed to the implementation of trade liberalization are serious external coercion for Indonesian economy.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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