Judul: The use of bioagentsTrichodermaspp. and bacteria cellulotic.as decomposer of Ageratum conyzoides var hirtum (Lam), Tithonia diversifolia (Hamsley) A. Gray and Sago Waste to produce organic fertilizer for Chili (Capsicum annuum L.).
Abstrak: Ageratum conzoides var hirtum (Lam), Tithonia diversifolia (Hamsley) A. Gray and waster sago can be used as organic fertilizer or compost. Some isolates of Trichodermaspp. and bacteria cellulotic had been tested as the antagonize agent for controllingPhytophthora capsici(wilt disease on chili). These microorganism were used as decomposer of weeds, A.conyzoideshirtum var (Lam), T.diversifolia(Hamsley) A. Gray, and sago waste. The aims of the study were to select microbes that has capability to degradation cellulose and able to accelerate the composting process of A.conyzoideshirtum var (Lam), T.diversifolia(Hamsley) A. Gray, and sago waste; and determine the effect of formula compost on plant growth of chili, resistance to infection of P. capsici L and yield of chili. This study was conducted in three phases: 1). Selection of Trichoderma spp and bacteria isolates on Carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) media, 2). Composting A.conyzoides var hirtum (Lam), T.diversifolia(Hamsley) A. Gray and sago waste by isolates ofTrichoderma spp and bacteria cellulotic which had been selected; 3). Application of compost formulas on chiliplants. The visualization of cellulase activities on CMC mediawere shown as the clear zone around the colony. Six isolates of Trichoderma spp (PO3, S1, N34, IU, PB 13, SKM) have the clear zone ratio range between 3.0 -5.3 and six isolates of bacteria (St109, Sk7, Cm58, Sk14, Sk 10 and St18) havethe clear zone ratio range between 2.6 to 5.4; were selected to decompose weeds and sago waste.The result showed that Trichoderma spp and bacteria cellulotic inoculantsor themixed of them were able to reduce the duration of composting process from 17–18 days to 13-15 days. The products of compost formula are appropriate with the SNI19-7030-2004 and standards minimumof technical organicfertilizer.Application of compost formulas and goat manure on chili plants affected the growth, the disease attacked and the yield of chili. The application of formula D{goat manure+A. conyzoides var hirtum (Lam)+ sago waste} caused the diseaseattacked about 33.3%but the yield was 524,56 g. While the diseaseattackedatgoat manuretreatment was 16.67% and the yield was 132.3 g. Formula D increased the yield of chili 3.96 times compare than goat manure only.
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Judul: Pengayaan pupuk organik dengan pupuk hayati untuk meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan hara, pertumbuhan, dan produksi tanaman cabai, The Enrichment of Organic Fertilizer with Biofertilizer to Improve Nutrient Use Efficiency, Growth, and Yield of Red Chili).
Abstrak: Red chili production in Indonesia is low due to low soil productivity. Soil productivity can be increased by using biofertilizer. Biofertilizer can improve plant growth, yield, and soil quality. The aim of this study was to study influence of enriched compost and ordinary compost to increase nutrient use efficiency, growth, and yield of red chili. This study used biofertilizer which consisted of Bacillus subtilis (strain HU48), Pseudomonas beteli (strain ATCC1986IT), Azotobacter sp. (strain HY1141), and Azospirillum sp. (strain NS01). The experiment was conducted in the field using randomized block design (RBD) with two factors and three replications. The first factor was organic fertilizer that consisted of ordinary compost (O1), enriched compost (O2), and compost added biofertilizer when planted (O3). The second factor was inorganic fertilizer that consisted of 50% dosage of NPK and 100% dosage of NPK. The plants were grown on plots of 3 m x 3 m with a plant distance about 50 cm x 60 cm. The observed parameters were nutrient use efficiency, plant growth, and yield. The results showed that biofertilizer increased plant nutrient uttilization efficiency, plant growth, and yield by 65 %, 59%, and 126%, respectively. The combination of enriched compost and 50% dosage of NPK (O2A1) had the highest plant nutrient uttilization efficiency, plant growth, and yield than the other treatment.
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Judul: Gelombang soliter internal untuk fluida dengan rapat massa berupa fungsi eksponensial
Abstrak: Gelombang internal merupakan gelombang yang terjadi di bawah permuakan laut sehingga tidak terlihat secara kasat mata, tetapi dapat terdeteksi keberadaannya berdasarkan adanya pola tertentu di permukaan. Salah satuu gelombang internal yang banyak dikaji adalah gelombang soliter internal.
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