Judul: Perbandingan Profil Kelahiran Antara Panthera tigris sumatrae (Pocock 1929) Dengan Panthera tigris altaica (Temminck 1848) Di Habitat Ex-Situ
Abstrak: Sumatran tiger is the remaining subspecies of tiger in Indonesia and classified in Appendix I at CITES. Another subspecies of the tiger is Panthera tigris altaica, known as Siberian tiger. Those 2 subspecies were origin from Panthera tigris which has divergenced and separated into several subspecies. The research aims to compare the birth profile between Sumatran tiger and Siberian tiger in ex-situ habitat. This research used secondary data compiled from International Tiger Studbook in the period of 1984 to 2003. The results show that the litter size of Sumatran tiger significantly different from Siberian tiger (nSumateran tiger=180, average=2,21; nSiberia tiger=220, average=2,36). This indicates some difference in reproductive capability between those tigers which may be affected by climate and food composition and availability. Data on natality does not show existing seasonal reproduction pattern in Sumatran tiger as those in Siberian tiger. Both Sumatran tiger and Siberian tiger have same potential of reproduction, i.e. maximum of 12 birth through the entire dam’s life.
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Judul: Studi Terhadap Komponen Daya Dukung Harimau Sumatera (Panthera tigris sumatrae, Pocock 1929) di SPTN IV Painan dan SPTN II Merangin-Bungo, Taman Nasional Kerinci Seblat
Abstrak: As the top predator, tigers need the existence of prey. Without prey, tigers can become extinct, and if so the food chain balance will be disturbed. The function of habitat is to provide food, water and cover. Food is a main factor that supports the Sumatran tiger’s life. Water is needed because tigers cannot stand the heat. Cover is used for protection, a hunting place, shelter and reproduction. This research is done on July-December 2008 at National Park Management Section (SPTN) IV Painan, Pesisir Selatan Residence, West Sumatra and National Park Management Section (SPTN) II, Merangin-Bungo, Jangkat Residence, Jambi. Line transect method is used to take data in four strips (strip I, II, III, and IV), with average of strip length is 4,86 kilometres (strip I); 5,24 kilometres (strip II); 2,05 kilometres (strip III); and 4,70 kilometres (strip IV). All strips is on animal active strip from type of range of hills forest to type of mountain forest. Based from type of its habitat, the highest estimation of tiger density is on strip II and I with density value 1,30 ind/100 km2 and 1,20 ind/100 km2. For the lowest estimation of tiger density is on strip III and IV with density value 0,7 ind/100 km2 and 1,00 ind/100 km2. The highest value of tiger relative abundance is on strip III (2,08 footprints/km) and the lowest value is on strip IV (0,085 footprints/km). Tigers prefer to prey on sambar deer (Cervus unicolor), red muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak), wildboar (Sus sp), and serrow (Capriconus sumatrensis). Other potential animals found during the research are: Sunbear (Helarctos malayanus), ajag (Cuon alpinus), great argus (argusianus argus), siamang (Hylobates syndactillus), banded langur (Presbytis melalophos), agile gibbon (Hylobates agilis), giant squirrel (Ratufa affinis) and common porcupine (Hystrix brachyura). The vegetation is the main cover because they provide canopy for tigers who cannot stand the heat. Based on the function, there are three types of vegetation, which are overstory, understory, dan ground cover. The water sources in Kawasan Taman Nasional Kerinci Seblat (TNKS) are both stand-water and run-water. In each location, there are big flowing rivers. The research location has high carrying capacity for tigers. However, the research location also has high threats and intervention against tigers and their habitat, increasing chances of their extinction in the research location and the wild.
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Judul: Sintesis Nanorod Seng Oksida (ZnO) dengan Metode Sonokimia
Abstrak: Gelombang ultrasonik telah digunakan untuk membantu sintesis ZnO. ZnO terbentuk dari campuran ZnAc dan NaOH. ZnO disintesis dengan variasi konsentrasi ZnAc 0.5 M ( ZnO 1:1 ) dan 1.5 M ( ZnO 3:1 ) yang dicampurkan dengan NaOH konsentrasi 0.5 M. Sampel yang diporoleh dikarakterisasi dengan XRD dan SEM. Karakterisasi difraksi sinar-X menunjukkan bahwa struktur kristal ZnO yang dihasilkan merupakan heksagonal dengan pertumbuhan yang dominan pada orientasi bidang nonpolar a dengan indeks hkl 101. Kristalinitas dan kemurnian kristal ZnO 1:1 lebih baik dibandingkan ZnO 3:1 ditunjukan dengan intensitas puncak difraksi sinar-X yang lebih tinggi, sempit dan tajam. Untuk ukuran kristalit ZnO 1:1 mempunyai rata-rata ukuran kristalit 30.57 ± 4.31 nm sedangkan ZnO 3:1 mempunyai ukuran rata-rata 20.25 ± 7.12 nm. Dari ukuran kristal yang terbentuk partikel ZnO termasuk nanokristal. ZnO 1:1 terbentuk batang-batang nano (nanorods) sedangkan pada ZnO 3:1 tidak terbentuk batang-batang nano (nanorods). Untuk ukuran morfologi, ZnO 1:1 mempunyai rata-rata ukuran butiran kristal 230 nm dan lebih besar dibandingkan ukuran ZnO 3:1 yang mempunyai rata-rata ukuran butiran kristal 50 nm.
Keyword: nanorot, sintesis, sonokimia, ZnO