Judul: Studi Antropometri dan Gerak Kerja Pemanen Kelapa Sawit serta Aplikasinya untuk Penyempurnaan Desain Alat Panen Sawit (Egrek dan Dodos)
Abstrak: Oil palm harvesting process using conventional tools named pole and curve knife and chisel may cause risk of injury. Good matching and compatibility between human and tools dimensions is necessary to gain optimum performance. So an anthropometric approach in order to obtain an ergonomic design is needed. The purpose of this study was to analyze suitable dimentional of pole and curve knife and chisel based on natural range of motion and anthropometric data of harvester’s, and to recommend a better design of pole and curve knife and chisel which are more ergonomic. The result range of motion analysis show that the upper body such as the neck, shoulder and forearm determine the level of risk and can cause risk of injury. Simulation result obtained an egronomic stem length of chisel is 1 meter with 3 connected stem, and seen from technical aspect is 1.5 meter with 2 connected stem. While the length of pole and curve knife stem is 4 meter with 5 connected stem. In addition to that, this research revealed that the total length of pole and curve knife stem needed in a certain harvesting activity can be formulated as : ( ) , where h is the high of cutting target, t is the high of harvesters.
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Judul: Studi Gerak dan Aplikasinya untuk Peningkatan Efektivitas dan Keselamatan Kerja Pemanenan Kelapa Sawit Secara Manual
Abstrak: Oil palm harvesting activities may cause manual occupational safety and health problems. Motion study using natural range of motion (ROM) is needed to repair the process of harvesting so the movement can be more efficient and the fatigue can be reduced. Manual harvesting activities by using conventional tools named ‘dodos’ and ‘egrek’ were studied in this research. The aims of this research is to know the movement pattern and the risks distribution of the work motions, determine the level of the motion risks of harvesting procedure to minimize the risk. The result of ROM analysis show that the ergonomic risk occur in all of the upper body, such as the neck, shoulder and forearm. It is revealed that ‘dodos’ more effective than ‘egrek’ for 3 m bunches’s height and be optimum for 1 m bunches’s height. The good practice models for ‘egrek’ revealed that the ideal position of harvester is 30-45o relative from the position of the bunch and the formula for the distance is 𝑑=0.5 ℎ−𝑡 + 0.3, where d is the distance between harvester’s position and the tree, h is bunches’s height and t is the harvester’s height.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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