Judul: Pengembangan teknologi sereal bekatul dengan menggunakan Twin screw extruder
Abstrak: Breakfast cereal is food that common eaten as breakfast. Utilization of rice bran as raw material for the manufacture of breakfast cereals is required to utilize side product of rice milling. Breakfast cereal product development used twin screw extruder. The product called as "puffed cereal". The aim of research is develop bran breakfast cereal products (rice bran puffed cereals) that have physicochemical and sensory properties either by using twin screw extrusion technology. The selection of cereals formula with descriptive assessment by limited panelists based on shape and uniformity of product. The selected formula of bran cereal are formula of corn grits and stabilized rice bran (SRB) ratio of 85:15, the addition of water 11% and extruder temperature 1350C are called the Formula 1; formula of corn grits and SRB ratio of 80:20, the addition of water 5% and extrusion temperature 1350C are called Formula 2; formula of corn grits and SRB ratio of 80:20, the addition of water 8% and extrusion temperature 1350C are called Formula 3; and formula of corn grits and SRB ratio of 80:20, the addition of water 11% and extrusion temperature 1350C are called Formula 4. Cereal made with four Formulas are evaluated in the sensory testing to get the chosen formula. Furthermore, that formula was analyzed its physical properties and chemical content. The chosen formula is Formula 3. Based on physical properties, the formula 3 has a value of 31.51% gelatinization degree, the degree of development 149.77%; hardness of products 0.835 Kgf; crispiness of products 0.203 Kgf; WAI 4.670 g / ml; WSI 0.0144 g / ml; and resisten in milk 53 minutes 04 seconds. The water, protein, fat, ash, carbohydrate, and dietary fiber content of cereal from the chosen formula in wet basis were respectively 3,67%; 3,40%; 10,52%; 4,41%;77,99%; and 8,19%.
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Judul: Pengembangan Produk Sereal Sarapan Siap Santap Berbasis Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Dengan Metode Ekstrusi
Abstrak: Nutritious, easy and fast to serve breakfast cereal is becoming a solution for urban people which has less time in the morning due to early business. Endogenous cereal, such as sorgum, would become an alternative to flour to produce breakfast cereal, with its superiority as dry climate resistant plant and having sustainable production, so as to support national food security. With high flexibility, control, and production, twin-screw extrusion method was used to produce the breakfast cereal. The preliminary research determines materials that would be suitable to create acceptable texture, color, and taste of the extrudate. The main research showed the suitable amount of tapioca and emulsifier might be used to produce well-textured and preferable product. Product with 100% sorgum, 15% flour sugar, 10% cocoa powder, 4% vegetable oil, and 1% salt was the best to produce acceptable texture, color, and taste of the extrudate. Replacement of 10% sorgum with tapioca and the addition of 1% emulsifier resulted in preferable product in hedonic rating and best characteristic in physical analysis. Acceptance test to target consumer with different social-economy level was done, resulting in good response of the panelist toward the product. Feasibility study was also done to provide a reference if small-scale industry of the product might be feasible. With the period of 5 years project for the production level of 5.5 tones/month, the NPV value is Rp 30.413.824-, the IRR value is 14% (at discount rate of 13%), the net Benefit Cost Ratio is 1.01, and Payback Period at 4 years 25 days, so as to conclude that the project is feasible.
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Judul: Keanekaragaman Herpetofauna di Taman Nasional Komodo dan Sekitarnya.
Abstrak: Taman Nasional Komodo merupakan kawasan konservasi yang berada di wilayah Wallacea yang merupakan salah satu habitat Komodo (Varanus Komodoensis). Pulau di kawasan Wallacea memiliki kekayaan endemik yang tinggi walaupun tingkat keanekaragamnya lebih rendah dibanding pulau besar lainnya di Indonesia. Keberadaan spesies invasif tentunya akan mengacam keseimbangan ekologis, ekonomi dan sosial. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman herpetofauna dan mendeteksi keberadaan Duttaphrynus melanostictus di Taman Nasional Komodo dan sekitarnya. Pengamatan dilakukan pada Februari-April 2018 menggunakan Visual Encounter Survey yang dipadukan dengan Transek 400 m. Pengambilan data dilakukan di Taman Nasional Komodo (Pulau Rinca: Kampung Rinca, Loh Buaya, dan Loh Baru dan Pulau Komodo: Kampung Komodo, Loh Liang dan Loh Wau), Pulau Flores (Labuan Bajo dan Cumbi Village), dan Pulau Sumbawa (Sape). Herpetofauna yang ditemukan di Taman Nasional Komodo terdiri dari 2 jenis amfibi dan 18 jenis reptil sedangkan secara keseluruhan total jenis herpetofauna yang ditemukan adalah 7 jenis amfibi dan 22 jenis reptil. Keanekaragaman tertinggi (H'= 2.146) terdapat di Loh Buaya (Pulau Rinca) dan kemerataan tertinggi (E=0.587) terdapat di Loh Baru (Pulau Rinca). Kesamaan komunitas herpetofauna tertinggi adalah Pulau Komodo dengan Pulau Rinca (IS=0.8). Tidak ditemukan D. melanostictus di Pulau Flores (termasuk Taman Nasional Komodo), keberadaan D. melanostictus hanya ditemukan di Sape (Pulau Sumbawa).
Keyword: Duttaphrynus melanostictus, Keaneakaragaman herpetofauna, Kodok invasif, Nusa Tenggara, Taman Nasional Komodo