Judul: Penambahan kalsium pada ransum terhadap performa produksi telur ayam wareng Tangerang yang dipelihara secara intensif
Abstrak: Produktivitas ayam Wareng Tangerang yang relatif lebih tinggi dengan konsumsi ransum yang lebih rendah dari ayam lokal lainnya merupakan keuntungan babi peternak, akan tetapi telur yang dihasilkan mempunyai kerabang telur yang tipis. Kualitas kerabang telur dapat ditingkatkan melalui penambahan kalsium pada ransum komersial. Kalsium merupakan unsur mineral makro yang berperan penting dalam tubuh. Pada ayam petelur, kalsium berperan dalam pembentukan kerabang telur.
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Judul: Pengaruh Kadar kalsium dalam Ransum Terhadap Produksi dan Kualitas Telur Itik Tegal
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Komplek Itik Balai Pene- litian Ternak (BPT) Ciawi Bogor, pada bulan Nopember 1990 sampai April 1991. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penga- ruh kadar kalsium dalam ransum terhadap produksi dan kualitas telur itik Tegal. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat macam ransum sebagai perlakuan dan lima ulangan yang tiap-tiap ulangan terdiri dari 10 ekor itik. Perlakuan terdiri atas empat kadar kalsium yaitu 2.58% (R1), 3.11% (R2), 3.06% (R3) dan 3.64% (R4). Jumlah ternak itik yang digunakan adalah 200 ekor. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kadar kalsium 2.58, 3.11, 3.06 dan 3.64% tidak berpengaruh terhadap produksi telur, bobot telur, Haugh Unit, persentase berat kuning telur, persentase berat putih telur, warna kuning telur dan konsumsi ransum. Namun produksi telur ransum berkadar kalsium 2.58% cenderung lebih rendah dari ransum berkadar kalsium 3.11%, 3.06% dan 3.64%. Persentase berat kerabang telur ransum kalsium 3.06 dan 3.64% lebih tinggi dari ransum berkadar berkadar kalsium 2.58%, sedangkan pemberian ransum berkadar kalsium 3.06 dan 3.64% tidak menyebabkan perbedaan persentase berat kerabang telur. Pemberian ransum berkadar kalsium 3.64% menghasilkan persentase berat kerabang telur yang lebih tinggi dari ransum berkadar kalsium 3.11%. Pembe- rian ransum barkadar kalsium 3.11 dan 3.06% tidak me- nyebabkan perbedaan persentase berat kerabang demikian juga dengan pemberian ransum berkadar 2.58 dan 3.11%. telur, kalsium Tebal kerabang telur ransum berkadar kalsium 3.06 dan 3.64% lebih. tinggi dari tebal kerabang telur ransum berka- dar kalsium 2.58 dan 3.11%. Pemberian ransum berkadar kalsium 2.58 dan 3.11% tidak menyebabkan perbedaan tebal kerabang telur, demikian juga dengan pemberian ransum berkadar kalsium 3.06 dan 3.64%. Hal ini berarti semakin tinggi kadar kalsium dalam ransum, maka tebal kerabang telur yang dihasilkan....
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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