Judul: Penambahan Cocktail Enzyme pada Kulit Buah Kakao, Tongkol Jagung, dan Bungkil Biji Karet yang Digunakan sebagai Bahan Baku Pakan Ikan Gurame
Abstrak: The aim of this research was to increase the digestibility of local feedstuff (cocoa pods, corn cobs, and rubber seed) by the addition of cocktail enzyme. Fish used in this study was giant gourami Osphronemus goramy with an average body weight of 20,65±0,75 g. Cocktail enzyme used was a mixture of enzymes, which consisted of xylanase, manannase, ligninase, and pectinase. Previously milled feedstuff was incubated with cocktail enzyme at a concentration of 2 g/kg material at room temperature for 24 hours. Subsequently, the incubated feedstuffs were dried, mixed with reference diet with a ratio of 30:70 and Cr2O3as a marker at a concentration of 0,5%, and used as the feed for digestibility test. Feeding was performed for 15 days and the feces were collected since the 6th day. The results show that the addition of cocktail enzyme could increase crude protein content of feedstuff with a range of 10-55%, and decrease crude fiber content of cocoa pods and corn cobs meals with a range of 17-41%. Furthermore, cocktail enzyme could also increase the feed digestibility by the giant gourami.
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Judul: The Effectiveness of Sheep Rumen Liquor Enzyme Addition on The Reduction of Cocoa-pod Husk Meal Fiber Content and Its Digestibility in Tilapia Diet.
Abstrak: Dua tahap penelitian dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi penambahan enzim cairan rumen domba dalam menurunkan kandungan serat kasar kulit buah kakao (KBK) dan mengevaluasi kecernaan KBK yang telah dihidrolisis dengan enzim cairan rumen domba dalam pakan ikan nila Oreochromis niloticus. Pada penelitian tahap satu, enzim cairan rumen domba ditambahkan dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda yaitu 0, 50, 100 dan 150 mL/kg KBK dengan lama inkubasi yang berbeda yaitu 0, 12, dan 24 jam. Pada penelitian tahap dua, nilai kecernaan ditentukan dengan menggunakan indikator Cr2O3 yang ditambahkan ke dalam pakan acuan dan pakan perlakuan, yaitu pakan dengan penambahan KBK yang telah dihidrolisis dengan dosis terbaik pada penelitian tahap satu (KBKe) dan kulit buah kakao tanpa hidrolisis (KBK). Ikan nila yang digunakan mempunyai bobot rata-rata 3,86 ± 0,44 g ditebar dengan kepadatan 15 ekor per akuarium dan dipelihara selama15 hari. Hasil penelitian tahap satu menunjukkan hidrolisis KBK dengan menggunakan cairan rumen 150 mL/kg dan lama waktu inkubasi 12 jam dan 24 jam mempunyai nilai serat kasar KBK terendah yaitu sebesar 21,38% dan 21,67%. Sedangkan pada uji kecernaan terlihat bahwa nilai kecernaan bahan KBKe lebih tinggi (33,95%) dibandingkan dengan KBK (10,97%). Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan enzim cairan rumen domba dapat menurunkan kandungan serat kasar kulit buah kakao dan meningkatkan kecernaan dari kulit buah kakao pada pakan ikan nila
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Judul: Utilization of terra/MODIS L1B data for analysis of horizontal wind profile in the troposphere
Abstrak: This study was concerned with horizontal wind derived from data collected with the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on board the NASA’s Earth Observation System (EOS)-Terra satellite. The aim of this study is to develop a method for the estimation of horizontal wind movement in the troposphere based on Navier-Stokes equation. The method was applied to a calibrated and geolocated Terra/MODIS L1B 1 km data set. The data inputs to estimate surface temperature are retrieved from TIR (Thermal Infrared) bands 31 (10.780 μm to 11.280 μm) and 32 (11.770 μm to 12.270 μm). The obtained surface temperatures were later used to approximate geopotential height on a constant-pressure surface by using the modified Poisson equation. The main assumptions used are the hydrostatic equilibrium, ideal gas law, constant lapse rate and constant acceleration of gravity. Based on the distribution of geopotential height, the pressure gradient force is measured by the gradient of geopotential on an isobaric coordinate to present the horizontal wind profile. For certain topographic areas especially in the mountain ranges, there was a disadvantage of using pressure as a vertical coordinate which lead to inaccuracy. In spite of that, Terra/MODIS L1B data with 1 km spatial resolution can be used to estimate the horizontal wind movement in the troposphere.
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