Judul: Disain Suatu Modul Tempat Penyimpanan Gabah Secara Curah di Bogor
Abstrak: Suatu modul tempat penyimpanan gabah secara curah diperlukan untuk membuat suatu disain dengan mempertimbangkan kebutuhan petani terhadap tempat penyimpanan, persyaratan fungsi dan persyaratan struktur dengan tujuan memperkecil kehilangan gabah selama penyimpanan. Di Indonesia, kehilangan gabah setelah panen diperkirakan sebesar 25 persen, di mana 4 persen diantaranya merupakan kehilangan pada penyimpanan tingkat petani. Analisa fungsi meliputi pendugaan suhu, kelembaban relatip (RH) dan kecepatan aliran udara di dalam tempat penyimpanan. Di samping itu juga didapatkan kemiringan lantai sebesar 30° dan pintu pengeluaran berukuran 80 cm x 25 cm. Pendugaan nilai parameter dari suhu, RH dan kecepatan aliran udara di atas dilakukan dengan pendekatan matematik. Analisa struktur meliputi analisa dan penentuan dimensi atap, rangka atap, kuda-kuda, dinding, tiang, lantai dan pondasi. Analisa fungsi dan struktur menghasilkan suatu disain modul tempat penyimpanan gabah. Disain tersebut terdiri dari gambar denah, gambar tampak samping dan depan serta gambar potongan, yang secara keseluruhan dan terperinci dituangkan pada gambar tampak dan detail. Untuk membuat modul tempat penyimpanan gabah berukuran 2.5m * 2.5 m * 3m dan berkapasitas 4 ton diperlukan biaya. kurang lebih Rp 100 000; berdasarkan harga bahan bangunan dan upah bulan Maret 1977.
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Judul: Desain Modifikasi Tempat Penyimpanan Gabah Secara Curah Di Bekasi
Abstrak: Mengingat pentingnya penanganan pasca panen, terutama penyimpanan, maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperbaiki dan memberikan suatu modul tempat penyimpanan gabah secara curah. Penyimpanan bertujuan untuk mempertahankan kwalitas dan kwantitas bahan yang disimpan. Oleh karena itu tempat penyimpanan gabah harus memenuhi syarat-syarat kondisi yang baik bagi gabah sebagai bahan hidup dan hubungannya dengan lingkungan biotik maupun abiotik. Umumnya penyimpanan gabah tingkat petani di Kabupaten Bekasi masih sangat sederhana dan kurang memenuhi kondisi yang baik bagi penyimpanan. Hal ini menjadi faktor pertimbangan utama di dalam proses desain bangunan ini. Desain fungsional dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperbaiki dan menambah fasilitas tempat penyimpanan gabah supaya optimum penggunaannya. Desain fungsional juga memperhatikan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi dari lingkungannya. Desain struktural membahas masalah bahan konstruksi dan penentuan dimensi bagian-bagian konstruksi, sehingga aman dipakai. Analisa biąya bertujuan untuk menghitung ongkos pendi- rian bangunan tersebut berdasarkan analisa BOW. Gambar teknik detail bangunan, yang dapat dipakai sebagai petunjuk pendirian bangunan ini, merupakan hasil akhir dari penelitian ini….
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Judul: Pengaruh Teh Putih Dibandingkan dengan Teh Hijau terhadap Status Oksidatif dan Profil Lipid Perokok
Abstrak: Smoking long-term and short-term has been known significantly increase oxidative damage. Smoking accelerates blood clotting which is one of the factors causing atherosclerosis which leads to heart disease. Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and Low Density Lipoprotein- Cholesterol (LDL-C) of smokers were higher than non-smokers. These negative effects has not able to reduced smoking activity. The datas of National Basic Health Research from Ministry of Health showed that the number of smokers and the number of cigarettes rised continually. Phytoteraphy with tea can be used to minimalized these negative effects. There are many types of tea that generally known in public is black tea, green tea and oolong tea. Nowdays white tea have been introduced to the public despite not popular as other types of tea. Research on the white tea was still limited, especially about the effect of white tea on oxidative stress and lipids profile in smokers. The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of white tea compared with green tea on smoker’s oxidative status and lipids profile. There were four specific aims: to determine nutritional status, the age started smoking, and cigarrette type of the subjects; to determine consumption, level of nutritional adequacy, and physical activity of subjects before and during the intervention; to analyze the effect of white tea compared with green tea on oxidative status of subject and; to analyze the effect of white tea compared with green tea on lipids profile of subjects. This study used paired sample clinical trials design with 9 subjects with inclusion criteri: male, age 30-45 year, medium smokers (11-21 cigarettes/day), had smoked at least for 6 months, and mild dyslipidemia. The Exclusion criteria were not taking tea, taking drugs that may affect lipids profile, drinking alcoholic beverages and supplements. Subjects were asked to drink tea in 2 period of times. Firstly, all subjects were asked to drink 3x200 ml white tea/day for 28 days. Secondly, treatment started after 14 days washout period, and they were asked to drink 3x200 ml of green tea/day for 28 days. Lipids profile and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) were analyzed using blood serum subjects before and after the intervention in each period of white tea and green tea in an accredited clinical laboratory. Most subjects had overweight nutritional status (44.44 %), started smoking at 17 year-old (44.44 %) and all subjects smoked clove filtered cigarettes. There was no significant difference (p> 0.05) in nutrients intake, number of cigarettes smoked and the physical activity of subjects before and during the intervention. TAC subjects significantly increase 0.25 m mol/L (Δ) after intervention of white tea and 0.16 m mol/L (Δ) after intervention of green tea (p <0.05). The effect of white tea on increasing TAC significantly higher (p <0.05) than green tea (Δ=0.09 m mol/L). White tea and green tea have been observed to have positive impact on subject’s lipids profile. White tea intervention significantly decrease 35 mg/dl (Δ) TG and 41 mg/dl (Δ) LDL-C, while for green tea intervention can only reduced 34 mg/dl LDL-C significantly. Effect of white tea on TG and
Keyword: white tea, green tea, medium smokers, Total Antioxidant Capacity, lipids profile