Judul: Morphological Characterization of Flower and Fruit in Five Eggplant Varieties (Solanum melongena L.)
Abstrak: Karakterisasi morfologi bunga dan buah perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakter-karakter unggul yang dimiliki oleh setiap varietas terung. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Bulan Juli hingga Desember 2023 di rumah plastik Cikabayan dan Laboratorium Mikroteknik IPB Dramaga terhadap terung varietas Provita F1, Mustang F1, Laguna F1, Torino, dan Bruno. Provita F1 memiliki morfologi bunga dan buah yang paling berbeda karena merupakan terung silindris bulat (terung lalapan), sedangkan lainnya merupakan terung silindris memanjang (lonjong). Setiap bunga mengandung antera yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menginduksi androgenesis. Antera yang paling sesuai sebagai bahan tanam pada kultur antera adalah antera yang banyak mengandung fase uninukleat akhir dan binukleat awal. Ukuran bunga Provita F1 yang sesuai sebagai eksplan kultur antera adalah bunga berukuran 11–15 cm, sedangkan empat varietas lainnya berukuran 17–20 cm. Bunga dengan fase tersebut ditemukan dalam ukuran yang berbeda pada tiap varietas. Provita F1 menunjukkan jumlah buah per tanaman terbanyak tetapi dengan panjang buah terpendek. Kelima varietas menunjukkan diameter, bobot per buah, dan bobot buah per tanaman yang sama. Bunga dan buah kelima varietas terlihat memiliki morfologi yang berbeda-beda. Perbedaan tersebut disebabkan oleh faktor genetik., Morphological characters of flower and fruit need to be described to determine the superior characters possessed by each eggplant variety. The research was carried out from July to December 2023 at plastic house in Cikabayan and Microtechnical Laboratory, IPB University. Genotype used were Provita F1, Mustang F1, Laguna F1, Torino and Bruno. Provita F1 had the most different flower and fruit morphology because it had a round cylindrical fruit, while the others had elongated cylindrical (oval) fruit. Each flower contained anthers which could be used to induce androgenesis. The most optimum anther stage suitable as planting material for anther culture was anther containing late uninucleate and early binucleate pollen, Provita F1 at flower size 11–15 cm, while other varieties at flower size 17–20 cm. Provita F1 showed to have the highest number of fruit per plant and the shortest fruit length. All five varieties appeared to have the same fruit diameter, individual fruit weight, and fruit weight per plant. The flower and fruits of the five varieties appeared to have different morphologies. The difference may be caused by genetic factors.
Keyword: terung, varietas, bunga, buah, morfologi

Judul: Studi Genetik Beberapa Karakter Agronomi pada Terung (Solanum melongena L.)
Abstrak: Eggplant breeding has not been done intensively despite available high genetic diversity, and increased public interest, so it is an opportunity and a challenge to be able to assemble a variety with proper breeding methods. Evaluation on genetic diversity, heritability and correlations between characters in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) conducted in Kediri, East Java, in January - August 2012 used 30 genotypes collection of PT. BISI International Tbk from Indonesia (8 genotypes), Philippines (5 genotypes), 15 genotypes from China and India (2 genotypes), arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design with 3 replications. The results showed that there was phenotypic variability among 30 eggplant genotypes derived from several source populations. Genotypes from India showed different characters in the age of flowering, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit weight and number of fruits per plant. There were characters which had high broad sense heritability with high genetic advance i.e. fruit length (92.84%, 43.3%), fruit diameter (68.71%, 45.12%), fruit weight (86.18%, 52.77%), and the number of fruits per plant (62.74%, 47.77%). There were 14 positive and 8 negative significant correlation coefficiens between the main characters. Based on principal component analysis (PCA), combination of PCA I and PCA III gave 42.92% of variability, it separated genotypes into 3 groups, i.e. BEPA05 in group I, BEPE97 in group II and 28 genotypes in group III. . Full diallel cross by Griffing method I made on 8 genotypes (BEP 01, BEP04, BEP 06, BEP 08, BEP 10, BEP11, BEP 12) to test the general combining ability, specific combining ability and genetic parameter. The experiments were performed used 64 genotypes consisted of 28 F1, 28 F1R and 8 parents, used Randomized Complete Block Design with 3 replications in November 2012 - April 2013. Characters of flowering age, harvesting age and fruit weight per plant was affected by the action of a dominant gene because it had specific combining ability value (SCA) higher than the general combining ability (GCA). Plant height, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit hardness, weight per fruit and number of fruit per plant characters expression was influenced by additive gene action because it had GCA higher than SCA. BEP 04 genotypes have relatively more consistent with SCA and GCA values higher than other genotypes. No interaction of genes on the performance of the characters because the value of b (Wr, Vr) were not significantly different from 1 except fruit weight and number of fruit per plant. The genes distribution for the traits studied unequal on each parents. Fruit length and fruit hardness were controlled by at least one group of genes. Fruit diameter, weight per fruit and number of fruit per plant at least two groups of genes, flowering and plant height were controlled by at least three groups of genes. Harvesting was controlled by at least four groups of genes and the weight of fruit per plant was controlled by at least 5 groups of genes. Broad sense heritability of all the characters were high (h2BS > 50%). All characters had high heritability narrow sense except days to flowering (27%), harvesting (49%), and weight of fruit per
Keyword: eggplant, full diallel analysis, genetic parameters, hybrid evaluation, phenotypics

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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