Judul: Analisis Tenaga Kerja Pada Usaha Peternakan Sapi Perah Rakyat Di Kecamatan Cisarua Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan pada usaha petemakan sapi perah rakyat di Kecamatan Cisarua Kabupaten Bogor selama satu bulan yaitu bulan April 1993. Data yang diambil adalah data sekunder dari hasil proyek penelitian Tim Peneliti Institut Pertanian Bogor tentang "Peranan Tingkat Pendidikan Peternak Terhadap Dampak Inovasi Sapi Perah di Jawa Barat, Desember 1992-Februari 1993". Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode analisis deskriptif dan metode analisis regresi.
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Judul: Analisis tingkat efisiensi penggunaan faktor-faktor produksi pada usaha peternakan sapi perah rakyat di Kecamatan Cisarua Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah: (1) wilayah Kecamatan Cisarua sebagai salahsatu daerah sentra produksi susu di Kabupaten Bandung, (2) peningkatan produksi susu pada usaha peternakan sapi peran rakyat, (3) perlu diperhatikan imbalan yang diterima peternak dengan adanya laju peningkatan produksi susu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) mengetahui pengaruh faktor produksi makanan ternak, persentase sapi laktasi dan tenaga kerja terhadap produksi susu, (2) mengetahui tingkat efisiensi penggunaan faktor-faktor produksi yang dilaksanakan peternak sapi peran rakyat. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus. Jumlah peternak contoh yang diambil adalah sebanyak orang yang diperoleh secara acak sistematis. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara pengamatan langsung dan menggunakan instrumentasi kuesioner untuk wawancara. Pengumpulan data dimulai dari tanggal 9 Pecruari sampai dengan 9 Maret 1988.
Keyword: sapi perah

Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell