Judul: Aplikasi Micro-fertilizers Kitosan-AA-NPK untuk Perkecambahan Jelutung Rawa (Dyera polyphylla) dan Padi (Oryza sativa).
Abstrak: Rehabilitation is important to recover degraded tropical peatlands in Indonesia. Enrichment planting by prioritizing native species, such as swamp jelutung and paddy Inpara-2, also fertilizers applications could accelerate rehabilitation. This research aims to formulate the chitosan-AA-NPK micro-fertilizers, as well as analyze their effect on swamp jelutung (Dyera polyphylla) and paddy Inpara-2 (Oryza sativa) germination. The experimental design used a completely randomized design with a factor (micro-fertilizers), 18 levels, and four replications at each species. The chitosan-AA-NPK micro-fertilizers enhanced germination and significantly affected all parameters, except mean germination time (MGT) in D. polyphylla and maximum growth potential (MGP) in O. sativa. The activated micro-carbon (AC) 3% increased the germination percentage (GP), MGP, seedling survival rate (SSR), and decreased MGT of D. polyphylla. The micro-lignocellulose (LC) 1% resulted in the highest GP, MGP, lowest abnormal seedlings (AS), and MGT of O. sativa. Application of the AC 3% treatment resulted in the best growth of D. polyphylla, while the LC 1% treatment resulted in the best growth of O. sativa., Rehabilitasi merupakan upaya penting untuk memulihkan lahan gambut terdegradasi di Indonesia. Penanaman pengayaan dengan mengutamakan spesies asli seperti jelutung rawa dan padi Inpara-2, serta pemberian pupuk dapat mempercepat proses rehabilitasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan memformulasikan micro-fertilizers kitosan-AA-NPK dan menganalisis pengaruhnya terhadap perkecambahan jelutung rawa (Dyera polyphylla) dan padi (Oryza sativa). Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan satu faktor (micro-fertilizers), 18 taraf dan 4 ulangan pada setiap spesies. Micro-fertilizers kitosan-AA-NPK berpengaruh signifikan pada semua parameter, kecuali laju perkecambahan (MGT) pada D. polyphylla dan potensi tumbuh maksimum (MGP) pada O. sativa. Aplikasi Mikrokarbon teraktivasi (AC) 3% menghasilkan pertumbuhan terbaik pada D. polyphylla dan Mikro-lignoselulosa (LC) 1% menghasilkan pertumbuhan terbaik pada O. sativa.
Keyword: activated carbon, inpara-2 variety, lignocellulose, oil palm waste, rehabilitation

Judul: Application of Chitosan-AA-PMAA-NPK Micro-fertilizers on Germination of Swamp Jelutung (Dyera polyphylla (Miq.) Steenis) and Paddy (Oryza sativa L.)
Abstrak: Degradasi dan deforestasi lahan gambut menyebabkan kerusakan ekologis. Rehabilitasi dan restorasi lahan gambut dapat dipercepat dengan aplikasi pupuk dan penanaman spesies adaptif. Jelutung rawa dan padi Inpara-2 merupakan spesies yang adaptif di lahan gambut. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat formula Chitosan-AAPMAA-NPK Micro-fertilizers dan menganalisis aplikasinya terhadap pertumbuhan jelutung rawa dan padi. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 1 faktor (Micro-fertilizers), 18 taraf, dan empat ulangan pada setiap spesies. Aplikasi Chitosan-AA-PMAA-NPK Micro-fertilizers pada jelutung rawa berpengaruh nyata terhadap daya kecambah, laju kecambah, persen hidup semai, tinggi semai, berat basah semai, berat kering semai, dan jumlah akar semai. Aplikasi Micro-fertilizers tersebut pada padi menunjukkan pengaruh nyata terhadap daya kecambah, persen kecambah normal, potensi tumbuh maksimum, laju kecambah, persen hidup semai, tinggi semai, berat basah semai, berat kering semai, dan jumlah akar. Perlakuan activated micro-carbon (MT) 5% menghasilkan pertumbuhan terbaik pada jelutung rawa, sedangkan perlakuan micro-crystalline cellulose (MK) 3% menghasilkan pertumbuhan terbaik pada padi., Peatland degradation and deforestation have led to ecological damage. Peatland rehabilitation and restoration could be accelerated by planting adaptive species and fertilizers application. Swamp jelutung and paddy Inpara-2 varieties are the adaptive species in peatland. This research aims to formulate the chitosan-AA-PMAA-NPK micro-fertilizers and analyze the application on germination of swamp jelutung and paddy. The experimental design used a completely randomized design with a factor (micro-fertilizers), 18 levels, and four replications at each species. The chitosan-AA-PMAA-NPK micro-fertilizers application significantly affects the germination percentage, mean germination time, seedling survival rate, seedling height, seedlings wet weight, seedlings dry weight, and seedling root number of swamp jelutung. The micro-fertilizers application on paddy were significantly affects the germination percentage, abnormal sprout percentage, maximum growth potential, mean germination time, seedling survival rate, seedling height, seedlings wet weight, seedling dry weight, and seedling root number. Application of the activated micro-carbon (MT) 5% treatment resulted in the best growth on swamp jelutung, while the micro-crystalline cellulose (MK) 3% treatment resulted in the best growth on paddy.
Keyword: adaptive species, fertilizers, germination, peatland, rehabilitation

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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