Judul: Analysis of Tsunami's Vulnerability Level and Mitigation Study Case: Tasikmalaya Regency's Coast
Abstrak: Kondisi geografis dan geologis menjadikan Indonesia rawan terhadap bencana tsunami. Salah satu wilayah pesisir yang memiliki potensi terjadinya tsunami adalah Pesisir Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, diperlukan adanya analisis tingkat kerawanan dan upaya mitigasi tsunami dengan tujuan memperkirakan luas wilayah yang terdampak tsunami, menganalisis tingkat kerawanan tsunami, memperkirakan jumlah penduduk yang terdampak, memetakan shelter dan jalur evakuasi tsunami, serta merencanakan upaya mitigasi struktural tsunami. Metode yang digunakan, tool model builder, weighted overlay, InaSAFE, dan Network Analyst. Hasil pemodelan menunjukkan tsunami setinggi 10, 15, dan 20 meter dapat menggenangi wilayah seluas 12,25 km2, 18,47 km2, dan 24,69 km2. Wilayah Pesisir Kabupaten Tasikmalaya didominasi oleh tingkat kerawanan rendah sebesar (54,62%), kemudian tingkat kerawanan sangat rendah (26,25%), tingkat kerawanan sedang (12,61%), tingkat kerawanan tinggi (5,30%), dan tingkat kerawanan sangat tinggi (1,22%). Jumlah penduduk terdampak tsunami setinggi 10, 15, dan 20 meter adalah sebanyak 8.280, 12.320, dan 17.770 orang. Terdapat 59 jalur evakuasi, dimana jalur yang termasuk kategori sedang sebanyak 27 jalur, kategori dekat 14 jalur, kategori sangat dekat dan jauh masing-masing sebanyak 9 jalur. Upaya mitigasi struktural yang dilakukan adalah dengan membuat green belt dan sea wall yang efektif mereduksi tsunami dengan tinggi di bawah 15 meter., Geographical and geological conditions make Indonesia vulnerable to tsunami disasters. One of the coastal areas that has the potential for a tsunami is Tasikmalaya Regency’s Coast. It is necessary to analyze tsunami’s vulnerability and mitigation to describing the area affected by the tsunami, analyzing the level of tsunami vulnerability, estimating the number of people affected, mapping shelters and tsunami exit routes, and planning structural tsunami mitigation. Methods used, model builder, weighted overlay, InaSAFE, and Network Analyst. The results show that tsunami as high as 10, 15 and 20 meters can inundate areas of 12,25 km2, 18,47 km2 and 24,69 km2. Tasikmalaya Regency’s Coast is dominated by a low level of vulnerability (54,62%), then a very low level of vulnerability (26,25%), a medium level of vulnerability (12,61%), a high level of vulnerability (5,30%), and a very high level of vulnerability (1,22%). The number of people affected by tsunamis as high as 10, 15 and 20 meters was 8.280, 12.320 and 17.770 people. There are 59 exit routes, which there are 27 routes in the medium category, 14 routes in the near category, and 9 routes in the very near and far categories. The structural mitigation efforts carried out are by creating a green belt and sea wall which are effective in reducing tsunamis with a height of below 15 meters.
Keyword: kerawanan, mitigasi, tsunami, inundasi

Judul: Risk Analysis and Mitigation Strategy for a Tsunami on the South Coast of Java Case Study: Cilacap District
Abstrak: Indonesia memiliki banyak daerah rawan bencana tsunami. Faktor yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya tsunami salah satunya gempa bumi yang tidak dapat dihindari mengingat posisi tata letak geografis Indonesia yang berada di Zona megathrust. Penelitian dilakukan di salah satu kabupaten yang berada di selatan Pulau Jawa yaitu Kabupaten Cilacap. Pemodelan tsunami dilakukan menggunakan Model Crunch untuk memprediksi tingkat risiko bencana tsunami. Metode ini merupakan hasil perkalian antara bahaya (hazard) dengan kerentanan (vulnerability). Berdasarkan hasil Weighted Overlay Analysist, kerentanan wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Cilacap terhadap bencana tsunami yaitu berada pada kategori cukup rentan. Hasil Inundasi pada skenario tsunami ketinggian 10 m, 15 m, dan 20 m menunjukan bahwa hampir sebagian besar kecamatan di pesisir pantai Kabupaten Cilacap terdampak tsunami. Salah satu kecamatan dengan wilayah terdampak yang besar yaitu Kecamatan Kampung Laut dengan besaran berturut-turut 94.50 km2, 119.02 km2, dan 125.76 km2. Hasil identifikasi menunjukan bahwasannya perlu dilakukan pengembangan pada Kabupaten Cilacap, antara lain sarana peringatan dini yang perlu diperbanyak jumlahnya, pembangunan bangunan pemecah ombak didukung dengan penanaman bibit mangrove, penambahan jalur evakuasi, pembangunan bangunan shelter dengan struktur tahan gempa dan tsunami, penambahan pos lembaga penanggulangan bencana., Indonesia has many tsunami-prone areas. Factors that can cause a tsunami, one of which is an earthquake, which cannot be avoided considering Indonesia's geographic position in the megathrust zone. The research was conducted in one of the districts in the south of Java Island, namely Cilacap Regency. Tsunami modeling is carried out using the Crunch Model to predict the risk level of a tsunami disaster. This method is the result of multiplying the hazard and vulnerability. Based on the results of the Weighted Overlay Analysist, the vulnerability of the coastal area of Cilacap Regency to the tsunami disaster is in the moderately vulnerable category. Inundation results in the scenario of a tsunami with a height of 10 m, 15 m and 20 m show that almost most of the sub-districts on the coast of Cilacap Regency were affected by the tsunami. One of the sub-districts with a large affected area is Kampung Laut Sub-district with successive sizes of 94.50 km2, 119.02 km2 and 125.76 km2. The identification results show that it is necessary to develop Cilacap Regency, including increasing the number of early warning facilities, building breakwaters supported by planting mangrove seedlings, adding evacuation routes, building shelters with earthquake and tsunami resistant structures, adding disaster management agency posts.
Keyword: Crunch models, Danger, Megathrust zone, vulnerability, Weighted Overlays

Judul: Sintesis Flavonol melalui 2’-Hidroksikalkon
Abstrak: Flavonol is a class of flavonoids commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Flavonol is very useful, especially in food sector and health. In this study, flavonol unsubstituted was successfully synthesized from an intermediate material 2’-hydroxychalcone. The 2’-hydroxychalcone was synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation method between o-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde using 4 different catalysts, namely KOH 60%, solid pellet of KOH-grinding technique, BF3-Et2O, and NaH in DMF. The KOH 60% was the best catalyst, giving the highest yield (57%). Afterward, the flavonol was synthesized in 1-stage oxidation cyclization of o-hydroxyacetophenone using Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction, giving 76%. The flavonol total yield from 2’-hydroxychalcone was 43%. All synthesized products were characterized by their melting points and their spectra. The success of the synthesis flavonol opens the way to synthesis of useful flavonol derivatives such as quercetin and kaempferol.
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