Judul: Permintaan ekowisata wisatawan mancanegara di taman nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru Jawa Timur
Abstrak: Indonesian government through Ministry of Culture and Tourism has set year of 2008 as Indonesian visit year which target of international tourists visit amount of 7 million tourists. However, eventhough the target has set up, Indonesia still lack of data regarding tourism demand especially for ecotourism. Nowadays, ecotourism has become a trend and interesting for many tourists so can attract more international tourists to come. Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (BTSNP) is one the most familiar Indonesian ecotourism destination. This research aims to get the illustration about international tourists demand at BTSNP. Research was conducted by interviewing internationals visitor. The election of respondents used purposive sampling technique. Collected data was descriptively analyzed. Some finding of this research are: international tourists visited BTSNP dominated by Dutch tourists (32%), man (61%), university graduated (69%), unmarried (63%), 25-31 years old (36%), employment (71%), using rent transportation (loo%), the activity was to see the crater of Bromo (100 tourists), duration of stayed was 1 day (60%), period of visitation was during vacation day (99%), group tour @I%), stayed on the hotel (91%), first visitation (95%), motivation was sightseeinglvacation (47%) and media as a source of information (54%).
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Judul: Identifikasi Gangguan dan Kerusakan Flora dan Fauna di Kawasan Wisata Gunung Bromo Taman Nasional Gunung Bromo Jawa Timur
Abstrak: Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (TNBTS) is a conservation area which has tourism object potential. One of tourism object that owned by area TNBTS and has the unique natural phenomenon is Gunung Bromo, which is encircled by sand sea, found on Tengger Laut Pasir Resort. The visitors in Bromo Mountain Tourism Area consist of various age level, most visitors don't know clearly th efunction of national park, so that seldom their activity generate damage at environment, especially flora and fauna. This research's purpose is for identifiying and evaluating the influence of tourism activity to flora and fauna in Bromo Mountain Tourism Area. Perception result in every tourism trail shown that there're happened some damages to some species of flora and some dirturbances of fauna. These disturbance and damage weren't only because of visitor but also by the society. The result of disturbance and damage identification to flora and fauna that caused by tourism activity are fracturing of branch, combustion, tannery, vandalism, throwing, garbage and hunt. Tourism activities that causing the disturbance and damage of flora and fauan are tracking, camping, hiking, cultural tourism, sunrise seeing, picnic, agrotourism and sight seeing. The result of disturbance and damage identification to flora and fauna that caused by society actibity are wood cutting, combusting and hunt. Society activities that causing the disturbance and damage of flora and fauna are seeking of firewood, seeking of cattle's food and accomplishment of food requirement
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Judul: Algorithm Construction of HLI Hash Function
Abstrak: Cryptography is a study of mathematical techniques related to aspects of information security regarding on confidentiality, data integrity, entity authentication, and data origin authentication. Data integrity is a service, which is associated with the conversion of data carried out by unauthorized parties. To maintain data integrity, one can use hash functions. An hash function is a computationally efficient function to map an arbitrary length bitstring to a fixed length bitstring called as hash value. The use of hash function in maintaining the information integrity and authentication is in digital signatures, virus protection, and software distribution. Illustration of the hash function in the integrity and authentication of information that is emailed as follow. The sender sends the information and hash value to the recipient. If the hash value of the information is equal to the hash value that is sent by the sender, then information has not been changed. Otherwise the information has been changed. An hash function has two properties, one way and collision resistance. An hash function is called one way if it is computationally infeasible to find any input such that when given any hash value . Meanwhile an hash function is called collision resistant if it is computationally infeasible to find any two inputs where such that . The purpose of this study is to construct a HLI hash function algorithm, to analyze the speed and security of the hash functions as a results of construction. Furthermore, it is to compare it with SWIFFT. Hash function is constructed based on the result of algebraic operations on modular polynomial ringwith . Modular polynomial ring noted as is a set of all polynomials of degree at most with coefficients in . can be represented as a set of integer vector of modulo in dimension . So, it is simple to implement in a computer. In vector operations, is lattice . Furthermore, alattice that is defined from certain polynomial ring is called ideal lattice. HLI hash function is consists of addition and multiplication algorithm in the ring. Addition algorithm consists of sumation operations of modulo and multiplication consists of multiplication operations of modulo . Generally, algorithm of HLI hash function consists of multiplication operations of modulo and addition operations of modulo . However, if the input is binary number then multiplication algorithm only consists of multiplication operation of modulo , so algorithm of HLI hash function consists of multiplication operations of modulo and addtion operations of modulo . An hash function is secured if it has two properties, i.e., one way and collision resistance. HLI hash function hash is one way, it is following the proof of Micciancio. It is has collision resistant because of polynomial is irreducible over and monic. Moreover, it is proved that for every unit vector , the vector is small vector. If the input of hash function is a binary number then HLI hash function only involves addition operations of modulo . So the time that used almost same with SWIFFT. The excellence of HLI hash function is the key size smaller than SWIFFT. This effect on
Keyword: hash function, modular polynomial ring, lattice