Judul: Keberhasilan Reproduksi Tapir Asia (Tapirus indicus) Di Kebun Binatang Di Dunia
Abstrak: The aim of this study was to analyze reproduction datas of malayan Tapir (Tapirus indicus) which spread in the zoos world wide and recorded in International Malayan Tapir Studbook which were marriage season pattern, amount of birth, offspring survival, and life expectation. Tapirs recorded in International Malayan Tapir Studbook until July 2009 were 921 heads, with tapirs bornt in conservation were 540 heads. Cubs were born all year round without following certain season (nonseasonal). The result showed that tapir has low dead give-birth level (stillbirth 0,0-7,93%) and high give-birth potention (1 head every 2 years) so the population can be increased by good management practices.
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Judul: Perilaku merawat anak pada tapir Asia (Tapirus indicus) di Taman Safari Indonesia Jawa Barat.
Abstrak: Tapir asia (Tapirus indicus) termasuk kedalam hewan yang terancam punah disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor yaitu rusaknya habitat tapir, perburuan liar dan lambatnya reproduksi tapir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mempelajari perilaku pemeliharaan anak tapir asia (Tapirus indicus) oleh induknya di Taman Safari Indonesia Jawa Barat. Tingkah laku diamati melalui rekaman CCTV kandang dengan metode one zero sampling dan ad libitum sampling. Induk dan anak tapir yang diamati masing-masing sebanyak dua ekor di dua kandang yang terpisah. Perilaku yang diamati selama penelitian ini adalah perilaku istirahat meliputi tidur, duduk, berbaring, perilaku menyusui, perilaku grooming anak, perilaku ingestif meliputi makan dan minum, perilaku eliminasi meliputi defekasi dan urinasi, dan perilaku berjalan. Pengamatan tingkah laku induk terhadap anak tapir dilakukan selama 20 hari untuk tapir#1 dan 18 hari untuk tapir#2. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pengamatan perilaku istirahat merupakan perilaku tertinggi yaitu sebesar (56%), kemudian diikuti oleh perilaku menyusui (21%), perilaku ingestif (12%), perilaku berjalan (10%), perilaku grooming (1%) dan terakhir perilaku eliminasi (0.3%). Perilaku menyusui paling tinggi terjadi pada malam sampai dengan pagi hari sesuai dengan sifat nokturnal yang aktif pada malam hari. Perilaku dominan induk saat merawat anak adalah perilaku menyusui, walaupun pada saat pengamatan induk banyak melakukan perilaku istirahat. Perilaku grooming jarang terlihat selama proses pengamatan merawat anak walaupun perilaku tersebut penting untuk menjaga hubungan antara induk dan anak.
Keyword: Grooming, menyusui, perilaku menyusui, tapir asia

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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