Judul: Validation of Microsatellite Molecular Markers on Matoa (Pometia pinnata)
Abstrak: Indonesia adalah negara yang kaya akan keanekaragaman hayati dengan berbagai jenis spesies tumbuh-tumbuhan. Keanekaragaman tersebut terdiri dari tanaman buah yang salah satunya berasal dari buah Matoa (Pometia pinnata). Matoa merupakan tanaman dari famili Sapindaceae yang tersebar di wilayah tropis. Tanaman matoa banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai obat-obatan tradisional yang diketahui mengandung kelompok senyawa diantaranya flavonoid, tanin, dan saponin. Analisis keragaman genetik matoa menjadi informasi dasar untuk pelaksanaan kegiatan seleksi dan persilangan lanjutan dalam program pemuliaan matoa. Marka mikrosatelit merupakan salah satu metode analisis marka molekuler kodominan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melakukan seleksi primer untuk analisis kekerabatan 10 aksesi matoa Dramaga dengan 4 matoa Banjarmasin melalui pendekatan marka mikrosatelit. DNA diisolasi menggunakan CTAB (Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide). Sepuluh primer mikrosatelit yang digunakan adalah Pp.e.6402, Pp.e.66857, Pp.e.80271, Pp.e.89451, Pp.e.115726, Pp.e.161167, Pp.e.186462, Pp.e.187105, Pp.e.238124, Pp.e.287861. Amplifikasi mengacu pada protokol DreamTaq Green PCR Master Mix. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa primer yang digunakan mampu mengamplifikasi 20-30% aksesi yang digunakan, dan hanya 2 aksesi yang dapat diamplifikasi pada 9 pasang primer yang digunakan, yaitu aksesi IPBA8, IPBA9. Sembilan primer dapat digunakan untuk analisis molekuler, kecuali primer Pp.e.287861 yang tidak mampu mengamplifikasikan 14 aksesi yang digunakan., Indonesia is a country rich in biodiversity with various types of plant species. One of the diversity of fruit plants comes from the Matoa fruit plant (Pometia pinnata). Matoa is a plant from the Sapindaceae family which is spread throughout the tropics. The matoa plant is widely used as a traditional medicine which is known to contain a group of compounds including flavonoids, tannins and saponins. Analysis of matoa genetic diversity is the basic information for implementing selection and crossbreeding activities in matoa breeding programs. Microsatellite markers are one of the codominant molecular marker analysis methods. This study aims to conduct primary selection for kinship analysis of 10 Dramaga matoa accessions with 4 Banjarmasin matoa using a microsatellite marker approach. DNA was isolated using the CTAB (Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide). The ten microsatellite primers used were Pp.e.6402, Pp.e.66857, Pp.e.80271, Pp.e.89451, Pp.e.115726, Pp.e.161167, Pp.e.186462, Pp.e.187105, Pp.e.238124, Pp.e.287861. SSR marker analysis using PCR DreamTaq Green Master Mix. The results showed that the primers used were able to amplify 20- 30% of the accessions used, and only 2 accessions could be amplified in the 9 pairs of primers used, namely IPBA8, IPBA9 accessions. Nine primers could be used for molecular analysis, except for the primer Pp.e.287861 which was unable to amplify the 14 accessions used.
Keyword: allele, biodiversity, codominant, fruit plants, genetic

Judul: Validation of Microsatellite Molecular Markers on Several Santol Plants (Sandoricum koetjape Merr.)
Abstrak: Tanaman kecapi tergolong dalam famili Meliaceae yang banyak dibudidayakan di Asia Tenggara, terutama di Indonesia dan Thailand. Aksesi tanaman kecapi sulit dibedakan secara morfologi, sehingga perlu dilakukan pendekatan berbasis molekuler menggunakan marka mikrosatelit. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Seed Center Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura Institut Pertanian Bogor pada bulan September 2022 hingga Mei 2023. Pada penelitian ini digunakan 16 aksesi tanaman kecapi masing-masing dari lokasi yang berbeda. Uji kuantitas dan kualitas DNA 16 aksesi kecapi menggunakan spektrofotometer dihasilkan konsentrasi DNA berkisar antara 100,6 hingga 786,6 ng/µL. Kemurnian DNA berkisar antara 1,41 hingga 2,14 pada A260/A280 dan 0,38 hingga 1,97 pada A260/A230. DNA masing-masing aksesi diamplifikasi menggunakan 10 primer mikrosatelit, namun hanya aksesi BGR5, BNT, IPB3 yang dapat teramplifikasi. Hal tersebut menunjukkan primer Sk1 hingga Sk10 masih perlu divalidasi., The santol plant belongs to the Meliaceae family which is widely cultivated in Southeast Asia, especially in Indonesia and Thailand. It is difficult to distinguish morphologically between santol plant accessions, so it is necessary to do a molecular-based approach using microsatellite markers. This research was conducted at the Seed Center Laboratory of the Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University from September 2022 to May 2023. In this study, 16 accessions of the santol plant were used, each from a different location. Testing the quantity and quality of DNA of 16 santol accessions using a spectrophotometer resulted in DNA concentrations ranging from 100.6 to 786.6 ng/µL. DNA purity ranged from 1.41 to 2.14 for A260/A280 and 0.38 to 1.97 for A260/A230. The DNA of each accession was amplified using 10 microsatellite primers, but only the BGR5, BNT, IPB3 accessions could be amplified. This shows that the primers Sk1 to Sk10 still need to be validated.
Keyword: Santol, microsatellite, amplification, genetic

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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