Judul: Korelasi antara jarak inseminasi buatan pertama setelah melahirkan, days open dan calving interval, serta pengaruh musim terhadap lama kebuntingan pada sapi bali
Abstrak: Studi ini bertujuan untuk melihat adanya korelasi antara jarak Inseminasi Buatan (IB) pertama setelah melahirkan, days open dan calving interval, serta pengaruh musim terhadap lama kebuntingan pada sapi bali yang diternakkan dengan cara tradisional. Studi ini dilakukan berdasarkan metode survei deskriptif melalui pengumpulan data sekunder dari inseminator dan dinas peternakan Propinsi Bali. Data sekunder yang diperoleh diolah dan dianalisis dengan korelasi Pearson dan One-Way ANOVA. Dari hasil studi ini diketahui bahwa jarak IB pertama setelah melahirkan, days open dan calving interval rata-rata pada sapi bali berturut-turut adalah 127.4±80 hari, 138.5±85 hari dan 428.7±86 hari dan masing-masing mempunyai korelasi positif dengan koefisien korelasi antara 0.820-0.888 (P<0.01). Lama kebuntingan rata-rata adalah 289±5 hari dan tidak terdapat pengaruh musim terhadap lama kebuntingan (P>0.05).
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Judul: Reproductive Performance of Bali Cows through Artificial Insemination Program in Polewali Mandar West Sulawesi
Abstrak: Intesifikasi Inseminasi Buatan (IB) pada sapi Bali merupakan program pemerintah untuk meningkatkan populasi dan produktivitas sapi lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja reproduksi induk sapi Bali melalui Program IB di Kabupaten Polewali Mandar, Sulawesi Barat. Penelitian dilaksanakan di dua lokasi yaitu di dataran rendah (<200 m dpl) yaitu di Kecamatan Wonomulyo dan Campalagian dan dataran tinggi (>300 m dpl) yaitu di Kecamatan Limboro dan Bulo di wilayah Kabupaten Polewali Mandar. Pendataan dilakukan terhadap profil peternak dan inseminator, serta parameter reproduksi sapi yang meliputi service per conception (S/C), angka kebuntingan (CR), angka kelahiran (CvR), jarak beranak (CI) dan calf Mortility (CM). Data-data tersebut dihitung dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Ternak sapi diusahakan oleh petani dengan skala usaha sebagian besar dibawah 5 ekor dan menerapkan pembiakan melalui IB yang dilakukan oleh inseminator dengan pengalaman diatas 10 tahun. Pada dataran rendah, meskipun memiliki nilai S/C (1,26 dan 1,17) dan CI (366,31 dan 360 hari) yang hampir sama, induk sapi Bali yang di IB dengan semen pejantan Bali memiliki CvR (75,69%) yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang di IB semen pejantan Simmental CvR (49,69%). Sementara pada dataran tinggi, induk sapi Bali yang di IB dengan semen pejantan Bali cenderung memiliki nilai S/C (1,30) dan CI (356,95 hari) yang lebih rendah tetapi memiliki nilai CvR (61%) dan CR (77%) yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang di IB semen pejantan Simmental (S/C 1,5; CI 412,96 hari; CvR 50%; CR 66,67%). Tingginya S/C di dataran tinggi (1,50) disebabkan kendala lokasi atau jarak ternak dengan tempat inseminator yang cukup jauh, sehingga membutuhkan waktu untuk melakukan layanan IB dan merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat menyebabkan belum optimalnya pemberian layanan IB bagi sapi betina birahi. Didataran tinggi Sapi sebagian digembalakan dikebun, sehingga peternak nenyulitkan mendeteksi birahi. Secara umum, sapi Bali hasil IB di dataran rendah di Polewali Mandar menunjukkan kinerja reproduksi yang cenderung lebih baik dibandingkan di dataran tinggi. S/C di dataran rendah (1,26 dan 1,17) lebih rendah di banding di dataran tinggi (1,3 dan 1,5),, Intesification of artificial insemination (AI) in Bali cattle is a government program to increase the population and productivity of local cattle. The objective of this study was to examine the reproductive performance of Bali cows through the AI program in Polewali Mandar Regency, West Sulawesi. The study was conducted in two different locations, i.e. in the low lands (<300 m ASL) including Wonomulyo and Campalagian Districs, and high lands (>300 m ASL); including Limboro and Bulo Districts in Polewali Mandar Regency. Data collection was carried out on farmers and inseminators profiles, and cow’s reproductive parameters including service per conception (S/C), conception rate (CR), calving rate (CvR), calving interval (CI) and Calf Mortility (CM). These data were calculated and analyzed descriptively. The cows in this study were raised by farmers in small-scale farm, mostly under 5 heads. The cattle breeding through AI program was carried out by inseminators with over 10 years of experience. In the lowlands, S/C values were 1.26 – 1.17 and CI were 360 to 366.31 days, respectively. Bali cows that were inseminated using Bali bulls semen had a CvR of 75.69% which
Keyword: IB, Sapi Bali, Dataran rendah dan tinggi, Kinerja Reproduksi, Artificial insemination, Bali cows, lower lands and hinger lands reproductive performance

Judul: Enzymatic Fuel Cell (EFC) used carbon-polyaniline nanoparticle composite bioanoda with amobolized Glucose Oxidase (GOD).
Abstrak: Polyaniline nanoparticles is one of the conductive polymer which used as a matrix in the manufacture bioanoda in biofuell cell applications. Polyaniline was synthesized by the interfacial polymerization method interfacial two-phase system of organic solvent or water. Products such as polyaniline precipitate was collected and purified by filtrating. The powder was characterized by SEM for morphology structure analyzing of polyaniline surface porous, the analyzing result of particle size was 60 nm. Characterization of TEM showed the thinnest layer of the sample, the morphologically formed groups or aggregations such as fiber to the size of the average particle diameter of 60-80 nm. The crystallinity of X-ray diffraction results showed partial or semi-crystalline structure of polyaniline with an average crystal size was 10.4 nm. Generally, the diffraction pattern indicates that extends sequence crystallinity of polyaniline nanocrystal structure. FTIR analysis indicated that the sample obtained was a conductive polyaniline forms or emeraldine salt (ES). Polyaniline addition on carbon paste electrode observed in voltammogram curve. The oxidation peak in potential 0,4 and 0,6 V, and the reduction peak was seen at -0,1 and 0,8, although it does not look so sharp. The using of glucose oxidase enzyme in solution is less economical, because the enzyme can not be used repeatedly. For using efficiently of enzymes in analyzing and production process, the enzyme immobilization technique was developed. Immobilization of enzymes were applied to produce electron. Polyaniline (PANI nanoparticles) with nanoscale structures with small particle size which had a large surface area, used as a matrix be able to bind the enzyme free and able to maintain the stability of the catalytic activity of the enzyme better. It can be used as an electrode material for anode reaction process on the EFC. Enzymatic fuel cell is an electrochemical technology converted chemical energy into electricity. The driving force is called enzymatic fuel cells are from glucose oxidase enzyme as a bio-catalyst. It also has a high specificity for glucose substrate. The observation result by lower concentration of glucose (0.25 M) produced higher current (5,05 μA). Increasing of glucose concentration( 0,50 M; 0,75M; 1 M) decresed of current results (2,45 μA; 1,69 μA; 1,35 μA). The same thing happens on observations of potential, with a low glucose concentration (0.25 M) produces a high voltage value of 60.8 mV, but decrease voltage value (20.3 mV; 20.8 mV; 15.4 mV) with increasing concentrations of glucose (0.50 M, 0.75 M, 1 M) The value obtained maximum power density was 0.39 μW/cm2 at low glucose concentrations (0,25 M) with increasing concentrations of glucose (0.50 M, 0.75 M, 1 M) decresed the value of the power density (0.071 μW/cm2, 0.044 μW/cm2, 0.026 μW/cm2). The glucose with lower concentration can produced maximum electrical by current, voltage and power density. The values obtained maximum power density was 0.39 μW/cm2.
Keyword: polyaniline, electroda bioanoda, dan enzymatic fuel cell