Judul: Dampak Keberadaan Perusahaan Pertambangan Terhadap Ekologi, Sosial- Ekonomi Masyarakat di Era Otonomi Daerah (Kasus Kelurahan Sempaja Utara, Kecamatan Samarinda Utara, Kota Samarinda)
Abstrak: This research has 2 objectives, namely to investigate impacts of coal mining company’s on social-economics and ecological;secondly to analyze common attitude towards impacts of coal mining company’s social-economics and ecological. Methods of this reserach is case study research by qualitative and quantitative approach. Qualitative methode was done by direct interview, in which quantitative method was done by survey. Productive age local community in north sempaja utara area is this subject of research. Number of sample which is taken is 50 respondent by using simple random sampling technique, however the number of informan on this research is unlimited. Result of this research is coal mining company’s operation bring impacts on ecological, social, and economics condition in samarinda city in general and north sempaja utara area in specific. Since the operation of coal mining company the enviromental quality was decreased gradually.
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Judul: Dampak Pertambangan Nikel Terhadap Sosial – Ekonomi – Ekologi Masyarakat di Kecamatan Wasile Kabupaten Halmahera Timur
Abstrak: Wasile, one of the East Halmahera district contained nickel mining, and a great influence on the social, economic and environmental life of the community. Thus this study refers to the theory and previous studies, researchers tried to base it on a frame of mind that the Sustainability of social, economic society strongly influenced by; carrying capacity of the environment, natural resources, human resources, facilities and infrastructure, the financial, social and cultural rights. The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of nickel mining on socio - economic - ecological communities in the sub District Wasile, East Halmahera. The research center is a sample of 2 (two) villages that are near and far away from the mining of nickel, the village of Batu Raja (near the village) and Subaim Desa (village far). By sampling in this study consisted of local people to be around and who are far away from the nickel mining company, yet to feel the impact of the mining question. The number of samples taken from the respondents ie 80 people consisting of 40 people from each village who are near and far away from the mine site consisting of local people actively working. Direct Observation Field Interviews In-depth interviews using questionnaires Change in Productivity analysis or can be referred to as the Productivity method, Chi-square analysis, and SWOT. Based on the results of mining in the region contribute to the local economy are significant in terms of: (a) regional Revenue, (b) Expansion of employment opportunities, (c) Reduction of unemployment in the area. But the social and ecological impact is not profitable to society. The formulation of the proposed policy are: (1) there was no issuance of new licenses. The hold and maintain the position of the SWOT analysis, meaning that the company's existing nickel can be allowed to continue operations, but the company must pay attention to social and ecological impacts that adversely affect local communities and the environment. Suggestions policies proposed by this research is to increase CSR schemes to improve the adverse effects of mining companies operating in the fields of social and ecological.
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Judul: Pemurnian dan karakterisasi protein inhibitor RNA helikase virus hepatitis C
Abstrak: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the second most common chronic viral infection in the world with global prevalence. This infection is contribution to chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, often leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. There is no effective drug and vaccine available against HCV. The current standard treatment, a combination of pegylated interferon-α with ribavirin, is limited by its suboptimal response rate in a significant patient population, side effects, and affordability. Therefore, development of effective drug is needed. One approach to find out the candidate of antiviral drug is to discover the inhibitor of enzyme that essential for virus replication, such as RNA helicase. Streptomyces chartreusis 5-095 produce the inhibitor of HCV RNA helicase. The aim of this study was to purify the protein inhibitor which has inhibition activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV from S. chartreusis 5-095. The supernatant of culture S. chartreusis 5-095 exhibited high inhibiton activity against ATPase activity of RNA helicase HCV (approximately 72%) at 10 days of incubation. The extracellular protein inhibitor was partially purified by procedures of precipitation with ammonium sulfate to 65% saturation and gel filtration (Sephadex G50) using methanol water solution (4:6) as an eluen. The purity of protein inhibitor was monitored by SDS PAGE. The protein inhibitor showed a relative molecular mass were estimated to be 14 kDa and increased the purity 23,08 fold than those of the crude protein. The specific activity and IC50 after purification were 13,1338 U/mg and 0,0767 mg/mL, respectively. The activity of purified protein inhibitor showed its stability over pH range from 5-8 and optimum at pH 7,4. The inhibition activity showed its stability up to 70% at temperature 100 oC. The purified protein inhibitor relatively stable its activity at storage in the range of -20 oC to room temperature for 35 days.
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