Judul: Pengaruh Iradiasi Gamma (60Co) dengan Berbagai Laju Dosis pada Senyawa Antigizi (Asam Fitat, Antitripsin), Isoflavon dan Warna Kacang Kedelai (Glycine max L.).
Abstrak: Research on the influence of gamma irradiation at different dose-rate on the anti-nutrient compound (phytic acid, anti-trypsin), isoflavones and color of soybean (Glycine max L.) has been done. The application of irradiation techniques on food products are frequently focused on the influence of radiation dose and the change of nutrient and anti-nutrient compounds as well as the quality of products. Gamma irradiation influence on the same dose, but with a variety of dose rates, especially on anti-nutrient compounds, isoflavone and color on soybean, has not been done. The change of anti-nutrient compound, isoflavone and color on soybean caused by irradiation were studied on a variety of dose-rate combinations (kGy/h) and different irradiation time (h). The purpose of this research was to study the effects of combination treatment between dose-rate (kGy/h) and irradiation time (h) or duration on the effectiveness of irradiated soybean, especially on the changes of its anti-nutrient compound, isoflavones and color. Radiation process parameter; (dose-rate and time in combination) for a control with the purpose to prove that irradiation on the same certain dose would have resulted different product quality if it had been done with different dose-rates and time. Furthermore, combination treatment between irradiation at higher dose-rate and shorter time could degrade anti-nutrient compound and resulted more minimum influence to the damage of brightness quality (color) than irradiation in lower dose-rate and longer time. This research was primarily focused on 3 (three) activities. The first step was to study the effect of gamma irradiation (60Co) at different dose-rate on the anti-nutrient compound (phytic acid and antitrypsin) and color on soybean. The second step of the research was to study the effects of gamma irradiation at different combination of dose-rate and time of exposure on the isoflavones contents of soybean. The third step of the research was a verification of the first and the second steps, namely: to study the effect of gamma irradiation on the low and high dose at different combination of dose-rate and time on phytic acid and color of soybean. In the previous research, the characterization of gamma radiation source capacity to determine dose map and dose-rate on irradiation area has been done. There were 4 (four) dose-rate locations which has been identified in the irradiation area; each of them was 1.30; 3.17; 5.71 and 8.82 kGy/h. The rasio of maximum and minimum dose (Dmax/Dmin) ranging from 1.14 to 1.21. Furthermore, the four location points of dose-rate were used for main research. The effect of gamma irradiation (60Co) at different dose-rate on the anti-nutrient compound (phytic acid and antitrypsin) and color on soybean. Gamma irradiation on soybean was done with dose rates of 1.30; 3.17; 5.71 and 8.82 kGy/hour, respectively. Irradiation treatment condition for each samples was done at room temperature (28 ± 2 °C) ranging from 0.5 h to 55 h; depending on its dose rates. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of dose rate on the changes of anti-nutrient compound concentration and color (brightness) on soybean during radiation process. The results showed that k-value (degradation rate constant) gained to be
Keyword: gamma irradiation, dose-rate, soybean, phytic acid, anti-trypsin, isoflavone, color

Judul: Agronomic improvement characters and adaptation to drought stress on soybean [Glycine max (l) merr] through low doses of gamma rays irradiation
Abstrak: The increase in genetic variability of soybean plants improve the probability to select for desired characters, for example, adaptation to drought stress. Mutation breeding is a breeding methods that can be applied to improve genetic variability of soybean in a relatively short time. Similarly, mutation induction can also increase genetic variability of soybean by using low doses of gamma rays irradiation. The objectives of the research were : (1) to obtain information on the changes in morphological and agronomic characters due to the treatment of low doses of gamma rays irradiation on plant population; (2) to obtain information on genetic variability among irradiation doses in plant population; (3) to obtain mutant putative genotype with good morphological and agronomic characters on optimum as well as stress condition; (4) to obtain information on the character of physiological adaptation to drought and plants; and (5) to obtain to a mutant putative line which can tolerate drought and high yielding. The study result showed that in Lethal Dose 50 (LD50) value there were 457,13 Gy. Gamma ray irradiation produced four populations that showed different growth and development from the non-irradiated control (Argomulyo). Genetic variability of each trait was different in each population at M2 generation. The selection based on number of productive pods and weight of seed per plant resulted in a mean improvement of selected genotype compared to the mean of base populations in M3 generation, respectively. Putative mutant lines on M4 that was from M3 selection had a mean improvement of plant height, number of productive nodes and number of productive pods better than that of Argomulyo variety. There were different responses of drought tolerant varieties (Ceneng and Tanggamus) and drought sensitive varieties (Anjasmoro and Argomulyo) to soil water content. The escape mechanism was found as earlier maturity in Argomulyo variety. Avoidance mechanism due to the increase in root volume was found in Anjasmoro, Ceneng and Tanggamus varieties at 40 % field capacity. Tolerance mechanism was marked by the reduction of evapotranspiration in Tanggamus variety at 40 % field capacity. The research results showed that the performance of agronomic characters on drought condition were lower than that of in optimum condition in M5 population. The selection result on M5 generation indicated that the selected mutant strains had good agronomic characters and high yielding. They had good adaptability to drought and were high yielding in optimum conditions and drought conditions.
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Judul: Karakteristik Anatomi Skelet Kepala Buaya senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii).
Abstrak: Buaya sepit atau senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii) merupakan jenis buaya asli Indonesia yang berhabitat di sungai-sungai Sumatera, Kalimantan, dan juga pedalaman Sulawesi. Salah satu ciri khas buaya senyulong adalah bentuk moncong yang runcing dan sempit, namun hingga saat ini informasi mengenai struktur skelet kepala buaya senyulong sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik anatomi skelet kepala buaya senyulong yang dikatikan dengan fungsi dan perilakunya. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksploratif dengan melakukan pengamatan, pencatatan, dan pengambilan gambar dari skelet kepala buaya senyulong. Skelet kepala berukuran panjang 70 cm, lebar 29 cm, dan tingggi 17 cm dengan permukaan kasar pada os nasale, os frontale, os maxilla, os mandibula, os lacrimale, os jugale. Jumlah gigi pada buaya ini sebanyak 78 buah, terdiri dari 4 buah gigi premaxila, 16 buah gigi maxila, dan 19 buah gigi mandibula. Pada regio orbitalis ditemukan dua pasang fenestrae temporales yang berkembang baik. Fenestra supratemporale merupakan lubang oval yang membentang di sepanjang os parietale. Fenestra infratemporale berbentuk segitiga dan dibatasi oleh os squamosum, os postorbitale, os jugulare, dan os quadratum. Os mandibula hewan ini mempunyai symphysis mandibularis yang panjang yaitu garis yang melintang di corpus mandibulae. Secara fungsional ukuran symphysis mandibularis berkaitan dengan adaptasi hewan terhadap diet makan.
Keyword: kepala, moncong, Tomistoma schlegelii