Judul: Penerapan metode Webster untuk sistem pengaturan lampu lalu lintas di Simpang Empat Semplak Bogor
Abstrak: Currently, the traffic light control system is still using a fixed time system. This system would result the traffic jams because the number of vehicles in a lane is different with a same duration of green time-lamp. The Webster method uses the concept of minimizing delay time per vehicle as an optimum cycle time equation to calculate the traffic time-lamp based on density of vehicles and width of road. This method was used to overcome the traffic jam at Semplak junction, Bogor. Based on the number of data and the width of road, the Webster method results the duration of the green time-lamp is lower than the actual green timelamp at the Semplak junction. The differences shows that the green time-lamp traffic in the Semplak junction, can be optimized in order to decrease the average delay for all vehicles passing through the intersection.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Webster method, traffic light, Semplak crossroads Bogor, optimum cycle time

Judul: Penerapan Graf Fuzzy pada Pengaturan Lampu Lalu  Lintas di Simpang Empat Duren Sawit Jakarta Timur
Abstrak: Simpang Empat Duren Sawit merupakan salah satu persimpangan yang arus lalu lintasnya cukup padat sehingga seringkali terjadi kemacetan pada simpang tersebut. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan mengoptimalkan fase dan durasi lampu lalu lintas sehingga dapat mengurangi kemacetan di Simpang Empat Duren Sawit. Pada penelitian ini, masalah pengaturan lampu lalu lintas pada Simpang Empat Duren Sawit dimodelkan sebagai masalah pewarnaan graf fuzzy dengan simpulnya yaitu arus kendaraan dan sisinya yaitu dua arus kendaraan yang dapat menimbulkan konflik lalu lintas. Berdasarkan hasil pewarnaan graf fuzzy dengan algoritma Welsh-Powell terdapat perbedaan fase lalu lintas antara hasil penelitian dengan hasil pengamatan. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan metode Webster untuk menentukan durasi lampu hijau maksimum dan menerapkan sistem inferensi fuzzy tipe Mamdani dengan bantuan software MATLAB R2014b untuk menentukan durasi lampu hijau setiap pendekat. Hasil keluaran dari sistem tersebut menunjukkan bahwa durasi lampu lalu lintas yang dihasilkan sistem inferensi fuzzy lebih optimal daripada sistem lalu lintas yang saat ini digunakan karena durasi lampu hijau yang dihasilkan dapat berubah secara adaptif sesuai dengan arus lalu lintas dan meminimalkan waktu tundaan rata-rata per kendaraan, Simpang Empat Duren Sawit is one of the intersections where the traffic flow is quite heavy, so traffic jams often occur at the intersection. Therefore, this study aims to optimize the phase and duration of traffic lights to reduce congestion at Simpang Empat Duren Sawit. In this study, the problem of setting traffic lights at the Duren Sawit Simpang Empat is modeled as a fuzzy with the vertices, which are vehicle flows, and the sides are two vehicle flows that can cause traffic conflicts. Based on the results of fuzzy graph coloring with the Welsh-Powell algorithm, there are differences in traffic phase between the study results and observations. This study also uses the Webster method to determine the maximum green light duration. It applies fuzzy with the help of MATLAB R2014b software to select the green light duration for each approach. The system's output shows that the time of the traffic light generated by the fuzzy is more optimal than the current traffic system because the duration of the green light generated can change adaptively according to traffic flow and minimize the average delay time per vehicle.
Keyword: fuzzy graph, graph coloring, phase, traffic light duration

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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