Judul: iKajian Produksi Bersih pada Kawasan Industri Penyamakan iiKulit di Garut
Abstrak: Leathers is one of livestock products that being expensive commodity today. Positively, leather tanning industry gives benefit to the peoples around industry, however, improper handling of wastes may pollutes the environment around tanning industrial estate. Cleaner production strategy is needed to minimize the wastes. This research was directed to identify the opportunity implementation of cleaner production strategy on leathers tanning industry at Sukagerang, Garut and to determine the possible alternatives of cleaner production options to increase production efficiency while minimizing the wastes. Analysis of Cleaner production conducted in three industries, PT ELCO Indonesia, PT Karya Lestari Mandiri, and PD Putra Setra. Quick Scan method used to analyzed the cleaner production. The results were then analyzed by using Exponential Method Comparison (MPE) and method of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the priority of cleaner production application. Priority selection of cleaner production alternatives in leather tanning industry estate was analyzed based on the environmental criteria, benefits, construction, operation, and cost. The best alternative priority to be applied in leather tanning was controlling of water use then followed by trimming process before chemical treatment, breeders assisting, retribution for waste treatment, and the socialization of research results. In the case study of water use at PD Putra Setra, 87,800 Liters water can be reduce. While in the case study of trimming process at PT ELCO Indonesia, this alternative may result in the benefit to the company in the form of savings for the purchase of chemicals of 16.82% or equivalent to Rp 197,103.
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Judul: Mempelajari Peran Rantai Logistik dan Masyarakat Sekitar dalam Implementasi Produksi Bersih di Industri Penyamakan Kuli
Abstrak: Tanning industry processes rawhide to produce leather in which this process results in by products as well as liquid and solid wastes. Cleaner production could be implemented as a preventive method that can reduce waste formation. Logistic chain related to this tanning process are breeder, slaughter house, rawhide trader, and the tanning industry. This research aimed to identify the input, output and generated waste, the cleaner production options that can be applied to the logistic chain, and to determine the role of society on the implementation of cleaner production. The methods used in this study were quick scan of logistic chains and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The best cleaner production option in raw material preparation is socialization to the butcher and farmers. While that in the main process are arranging stage of fleshing process to be conducted before soaking process, reuse of soaking and chrome waste, converting powder and feather waste to be construction materials, applying Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) management and setting screen above molen machine. AHP result showed that industry and the environment is the most important actor and factor respectively. The best selected option of cleaner production is recycling chrome waste in tanning process. The role of community in the implementation of cleaner production includes complying the OHS procedure for workers and warning the company to comply the environment.
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Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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