Judul: Aplikasi Kastrasi Kimia Besi (III) Klorida Heksahidrat terhadap Kesuburan Kucing (Felis catus).
Abstrak: Populasi kucing yang melimpah menjadi permasalahan masyarakat. Kastrasi adalah salah satu metode pengendalian populasi kucing. Kastrasi metode bedah tidak ekonomis sehingga kastrasi kimia dapat menjadi solusi. Kualitas semen kucing (Felis catus) dievaluasi dalam penelitian ini pascainjeksi besi (III) klorida hexahidrat 0.2 ml/testikel intratestikel. Kastrasi terbuka dan pengamatan kualitas semen pada 16 ekor kucing jantan dilakukan pascainjeksi hari ke- 1 (N=4), 3 (N=4), 7 (N=4), dan 17 (N=4). Bobot testikel, volume testikel, dan panjang epididimis juga dievaluasi pascakastrasi terbuka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan testikel dan epididimis belum atrofi hingga hari ke-17 pascainjeksi. Testikel dan epididimis kelompok kastrasi berwarna merah gelap hari ke-3 pascainjeksi. Konsentrasi spermatozoa dan persentase spermatozoa normal yang hidup hingga hari ke-17 pascainjeksi menurun secara nyata (P<0.05). Persentase spermatozoa normal yang mati hari ke-1 pascainjeksi meningkat secara nyata (P<0.05). Dag like defect hanya ditemukan pada kelompok kastrasi pada hari ke-1 dan ke-17 pascainjeksi. Kelainan spermatozoa bent midpiece banyak terjadi pada kelompok kastrasi. Namun bent midpiece tidak signifikan perbedaannya karena secara normal ada pada kelompok kastrasi. Larutan FeCl3 5 % menunjukkan potensi sebagai bahan kastrasi kimia pada kucing.
Keyword: FeCl3 5 %, kastrasi, semen, spermatozoa, testikel

Judul: Biometri Organ Reproduksi dan Profil Klinis Kucing (Felis catus) Pascakastrasi Kimia Menggunakan Larutan Besi (III) Klorida Heksahidrat.
Abstrak: Peningkatan angka populasi kucing dapat berpotensi menularkan dan membawa agen penyebaran zoonosis. Kastrasi merupakan salah satu metode terhadap pengendalian populasi kucing yang salah satunya dapat dilakukan dengan kastrasi kimia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni mengukur perubahan morfologi organ reproduksi kucing jantan setelah kastrasi kimia menggunakan sediaan larutan besi (III) klorida heksahidrat (FeCl3.6H2O) 5%. Kucing jantan sebanyak 16 ekor diinjeksi larutan besi (III) klorida heksahidrat (FeCl3.6H2O) 5% secara intratestikular pada testikel kanan. Interpretasi sonogram dilakukan untuk mengamati perubahan bentuk, perubahan ukuran, dan ekhogenitas organ reproduksi kucing sebelum dan setelah perlakuan pada hari ke-0, 1, 3, 6, 10, dan 16, sedangkan skrotum diukur setiap hari menggunakan jangka sorong. Kastrasi teknik terbuka dilakukan pada setiap akhir waktu pengamatan yaitu hari ke-1, 3, 7, dan 17 serta dilakukan pemeriksaan ukuran testikel menggunakan jangka sorong. Pengamatan klinis jantung, nafas, dan suhu rektal dipantau sepanjang waktu penelitian. Hasil sonogram menunjukkan terjadi perubahan ukuran dan ekhogenitas testikel sepanjang hari pengamatan, namun prostat dan uretra tidak mengalami perubahan. Ukuran testikel kucing yang diukur menggunakan jangka sorong berbeda nyata diantara kelompok (P<0.05), tetapi ukuran testikel pascabedah kastrasi terbuka tidak berbeda nyata (P>0.05). Profil klinis frekuensi jantung, frekuensi nafas, dan suhu rektal kucing selama penelitian terlihat fluktuatif dalam selang nilai normal. Kastrasi kimia menggunakan sediaan larutan besi (III) klorida heksahidrat (FeCl3.6H2O) 5% menyebabkan perubahan ukuran dan ekhogenitas pada testikel dalam 17 hari namun belum menyebabkan perubahan ukuran prostat dan uretra.
Keyword: kastrasi kimia, larutan besi (III) klorida heksahidrat, kucing jantan, biometri, profil klinis

Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite