Judul: Penapisan Aktivitas Antibakteri dan Selulolitik Kapang Laut RS3 Menggunakan Media Yang Berbeda
Abstrak: Penelitian mengenai organisme hidup berukuran mikroskopis misalnya kapang mengalami perkembangan yang pesat. Media khusus fungi potato dextrose agar (PDA) memiliki harga mahal, higroskopis, dan hanya dapat diperoleh pada tempat tertentu. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian adalah menentukan aktivitas antibakteri dan selulolitik kapang laut RS3 yang ditumbuhkan pada media berbeda. Kapang endofit RS3 ditumbuhkan pada media PDA sebagai kontrol, media kacang hijau agar kertas (KHAK), kacang hijau bacteriological agar (KHAB), jagung agar kertas (JAK), jagung bacteriological agar (JAB), dan glucose yeast extract agar (GYEA). Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan secara in vitro dengan difusi sumur agar menggunakan bakteri uji Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Aktivitas antibakteri tertinggi terhadap E.coli dihasilkan kapang yang ditumbuhkan pada media KHAK dan JAK dengan diameter zona hambat sebesar 6 mm. Indeks selulolitik tertinggi terdapat pada kapang RS3 yang ditumbuhkan dalam KHAK yaitu sebesar 0,2
Keyword: antibakteri, aktivitas selulolitik, endofit, media, selulase

Judul: Aktivitas Antibakteri dan Antihiperglikemik Kapang Endofit RS-6B dari Sarang Semut pada Perlakuan Media Berbeda
Abstrak: Sarang semut Hydophytum formicarum merupakan salah satu tumbuhan epifit pada pohon bakau yang digunakan sebagai obat tradisional oleh masyarakat pedalaman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan pengaruh media yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan kapang dan aktivitas antibakteri dan antihiperglikemik ekstrak kapang. Komponen bioaktif terbanyak dihasilkan pada hari ke-21 fermentasi. Kapang mencapai fase pertumbuhan stasioner pada hari ke-9 sampai hari ke-21 pada media kultur PDB dan Hagem. Nilai pH kedua media berada pada rentang 4-5. Aktivitas antibakteri terbaik diperoleh pada hari ke-12 untuk media PDB dan hari ke-9 untuk media Hagem yang aktif terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli dengan diameter 16,4 mm dan 13,9 mm dan Staphylococcus aureus dengan diameter 14,5 mm dan 14,4 mm. Ekstrak terbaik dari aktivitas antibakteri selanjutnya ditunjukkan dengan aktivitas enzim α-glukosidase dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 8002,3 ppm.
Keyword: aktivitas antibakteri, aktivitas enzim α-glukosidase, antihiperglikemik, kapang endofit, tumbuhan sarang semut

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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