Judul: Backend Module in Post-Fire Area Severity  Assessment System
Abstrak: Pasca terjadinya kebakaran hutan dan lahan, kawasan hutan atau lahan yang terkena bencana tersebut akan diobservasi untuk dinilai tingkat keparahannya. Namun, kegiatan penilaian tersebut masih dilakukan secara manual sehingga tidak efisien dari segi waktu. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat Sistem Penilaian Tingkat Keparahan Area Pasca Kebakaran Hutan (SIPARTAN) yang berfokus pada modul backend. Penelitian dilakukan dalam 5 tahapan mulai dari menganalisis kebutuhan sistem dan fitur hingga mengintegrasikan modul backend dengan modul frontend dan mobile. Penelitian ini berhasil merumuskan dan menetapkan satu fitur utama dan tujuh fitur pendukung yang menjalankan program Sipartan serta menghasilkan rancangan skema basis data yang memiliki sebelas entitas di dalamnya. Kemudian, penelitian ini juga telah berhasil membuat total 14 endpoint API. Keberhasilan pembuatan endpoint-endpoint tersebut didukung oleh pengujian modul backend yang dilakukan dengan metode blackbox testing dan menghasilkan output yang diharapkan. Selain itu, modul backend yang dikembangkan pada penelitian ini juga telah dilakukan deployment menggunakan VPS agar dapat digunakan oleh modul frontend dan mobile., After the occurrence of forest and land fires, the affected forest or land area will be observed to be assessed for severity. However, the assessment activities are still carried out manually, making it inefficient in terms of time. Therefore, this study aims to create a Post-Fire Area Severity Assessment System (SIPARTAN) focusing on the backend module. The research was conducted in 5 stages starting from analyzing system requirements and features to integrating backend modules with frontend and mobile modules. This study has successfully formulated and defined one main feature and seven supporting features that will run the Sipartan program and produced a database schema design with eleven entities. Then, this study has also succeeded in creating a total of 14 endpoints API. The successful creation of these endpoints is supported by backend module testing, which is carried out using the blackbox testing method and produces the expected output. In addition, the backend module developed in this research has also been deployed using VPS so that it can be used by frontend and mobile modules.
Keyword: Backend, Karhutla, PostgreSQL, REST API, Land assessment

Judul: Mobile Application for Assessment of Area Severity Levels After Forest and Land Fires
Abstrak: Kebakaran hutan dan lahan merupakan ancaman serius terhadap ekosistem alam, lingkungan, dan manusia. Maka, diperlukan penilaian akurat tentang tingkat keparahan area pasca karhutla untuk menentukan langkah yang tepat dalam hal pemulihan kerusakan dan atau pencemaran lingkungan hidup. Oleh sebab itu, pengembangan sistem penilaian tingkat keparahan area pasca karhutla (SIPARTAN) diperlukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun frontend aplikasi mobile penilaian tingkat keparahan area pasca karhutla dan mengimplementasikan REST-API yang telah dibuat oleh tim pengembang lainnya ke dalamnya. Pengembangan aplikasi mobile SIPARTAN dilakukan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Kotlin dengan metode prototyping. Pada penelitian ini, aplikasi mobile Android untuk melakukan penilaian keparahan karhutla telah berhasil dibangun. Aplikasi ini mampu melakukan penilaian dan menampilkan hasil penilaian dengan menyambungkan aplikasi ke REST-API yang sudah dibuat oleh tim pengembang SIPARTAN. Hasil pengujian menunjukan bahwa fitur-fitur dalam aplikasi telah berfungsi sesuai dengan rencana., Forest and land fires threaten natural ecosystems, the environment and humans. Therefore, an accurate assessment of the severity of post-forest and land fire areas is needed to determine appropriate steps to restore environmental damage and/or pollution. Therefore, developing a post-forest and land fire area severity assessment system (SIPARTAN) is needed. This study aims to build a frontend mobile application for assessing the severity of post-forest and land fire areas and implementing the REST-API that other development teams have created into it. The SIPARTAN mobile application was developed using the Kotlin programming language using the prototyping method. In this research, an Android mobile application for assessing the severity of forest and land fires has been successfully built. This application can carry out assessments and display assessment results by connecting the application to the REST-API that the SIPARTAN development teams has created. The test results show that the features in the application have functioned according to plan.
Keyword: aplikasi mobile Android, area pasca karhutla, kotlin, penilaian, tingkat keparahan karhutla

Judul: Biology and ecology of the buffalo fly, haematobia exigua de meijere (diptera:muscidae)
Abstrak: The life history of the buffalo fly was observed at room temperature of 27°-29.5°C and at a relative humidity of 48-68 percent. The eggs hatched after 17-22 hours, with an average of 18 hours. First instar larvae measured 1.25 + 0.16 mm long and 0.27 + 0.037 mm wide. reach the second larval stage. It took 6-12 hours to the second instar larvae measured 2.676 +0.187 mm long and 0.353 +0.028 mm wide. The second instar took about 12-24 hours to reach the third larval stage. The third instar measured 6.833 + 0.189 mm long and 0.919 + 0.051 mm wide. It took about 2-3 days for the third instar to become pupae. Duration of the pupal stage was about 5-7 days before the adults emerged. Under laboratory condition, the buffalo fly completed its life cycle in 9.5 to 10.5 days, whereas under field condition it took 9-14 days with an average of 10.5 days. The growth ratio which was based on the measurements of the cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton of each instar was 1.797. The preoviposition period was 8-12 days and mating usually occurred on the 6th or 7th day. The longevity of the male was 29 days, whereas it was 32 days in the female. The range of egg production under laboratory condition was between 20-139 per female fly. The belly and hind legs of the carabao were the most preferred habitat either during cloudy and cool dry or shiny and warm day. When the weather was clear and the carabao was in the shade, the flies tended to be more distributed particularly on the shoulder, dewlap, back and horns. The carabaos had relatively fewer Musca sp. and Stomoxys calcitrans than cattle; never the less carabaos had a higher infestation of buffalo fly than cattle. Oviposition occured either during the day or night but the buffalo flies were more active during the night than in the day time. The effect of various lengths of exposure time of manure in relation to the oviposition was profound. observed, the maximum number of the buffalo flies was occurred when the dung was exposed for 30 minutes. With increasing time of exposure the number and variety of insects also increase. It was evident that Sepsidae and psychodidae were the most dominant insects emerging from the dung. The number of buffalo flies also increased with increasing
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