Judul: Keragaman Gen Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4) dan Myxovirus (Mx) pada Ayam Kampung serta Asosiasinya terhadap Sifat Pertumbuhan.
Abstrak: Kampung chicken has two production purposes as meat and egg producer. As layer chicken, the egg of kampung chicken was used as jamu. So, the food security of kampung chicken egg needs to be guaranted especially from Salmonella sp. The other problem which commonly happened in kampung chicken industry was the highest of mortality rate which caused by Newcastle Disease (ND) virus infection. Genetically, there were some gene that control self endurance against Salmonella sp and virus infection such as TLR4 and Mx genes. Research aimed to identify the polymorphisms of TLR4 and Mx genes in kampung chicken and the association with growth traits. Research consisted of two steps. The first step was analysis of TLR4 and MX genes polymorphisms and the second step was the association of TLR4 and Mx genes with growth traits. A total of 98 bird of kampung chickens were used in the first procedure and 45 birds were used in the second procedure. Identification of TLR4 and Mx genes polymorphisms was done using PCR-RFLP (Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) method. Data analysis were genotype frquency, allele frequency, heterozygosity, Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium, Polymorphics Informative Content value and association between genotype and growth used GLM (General Linear Model). The result showed GA mutation on TLR4 gene and AG mutation on Mx gene. TLR4 and Mx gene were polymorphics. There was no association between TLR4 gene and growth traits in kampung chicken. Kampung chicken which resist to Salmonella sp and ND virus had low 16 weeks body weight, total average gain daily, and average weekly gain.
Keyword: growth traits, kampung chicken, Mx gene, TLR4 gene

Judul: Association of the toll-like receptor 4 and Myxovirus genes with resistance to Salmonella and Newcastle disease in selected Sentul chickens
Abstrak: Toll-like receptor 4 and myxovirus genes have been demonstrated to confer resistance to Salmonella and Newcastle disease (ND), respectively. These genes have not yet been investigated in Sentul chickens. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the polymorphisms and association of the TLR4 and Mx genes as candidate genes underlying resistance to Salmonella and ND in selected Sentul chickens. One hundred and eighty-five Sentul chickens were genotyped using PCR-RFLP. The genotype and allele frequencies, polymorphic information contents and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) statuses were analysed. The genotypes were associated with immunoglobulin Y (IgY), Salmonella-specific antibodies and Newcastle disease-specific antibodies. These parameters were determined using indirect ELISA, clearance tests and haemagglutination inhibition, respectively. The immune traits were further grouped into high, medium and low categories. The data were analysed using the GLM and t-test. Polymorphisms in TLR4|MscI and Mx|Hpy8I were observed. The population was in HWE for both genes. The frequencies of the TLR4 allele G and genotype GG were significantly high (P<0.05) in chickens with high immune traits. The genotype GG of TLR4 gene recorded significantly higher immune traits than genotypes AA and AG. For the Mx gene, the frequency of allele A was higher than of allele G at a high IgY titre. TLR4|MscI and Mx|Hpy8I are potential markers for selection against Salmonella and Newcastle disease in Sentul chickens. However, further investigations are recommended.
Keyword: Disease resistance, Mx gene, Newcastle disease, Polymorphism, Salmonella, Sentul chickens, TLR4 gene

Judul: Pembuatan Film Tipis Lithium Niobat (LiNbO3) Menggunakan Metode Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) dengan Variasi Kecepatan Putar (Rpm).
Abstrak: Film tipis merupakan salah satu aspek yang mendapat perhatian sangat besar dalam bidang material, karena film tipis merupakan material menarik yang memiliki sifat optik yang sangat tergantung pada konstanta dielektrik, indeks bias, dan energi gap. Lithium Niobat (LiNbO3 ) dapat digunakan sebagai pelapis pada film tipis karena memiliki sifat piezoelektrik, electrooptical, pyroelectrical dan photorefractive yang sangat baik. Film tipis Lithium Niobat (LiNbO3 ) ditumbuhkan menggunakan metode Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) dengan variasi kecepatan 3500 rpm, 5000 rpm, 6500 rpm, dan 8000 rpm. Metode ini memiliki keunggulan dapat mengontrol stokiometri film tipis dengan kualitas yang baik, prosedur yang mudah dan membutukan biaya yang relatif murah. Energi band gap yang dihasilkan dari film tipis Lithium Niobat (LiNbO3) berkisar antara rentang 2.1 eV – 2.8 eV dengan indeks bias berada pada rentang 2.18-3.2. Film tipis LiNbO3 memiliki parameter kisi a=b=5.54Ǻ dan c = 16.35 Ǻ. Struktur morfologi film tipis adalah permukaan yang homogen dan ukuran kristal berada pada rentang 0.417 μm – 0.680 μm.
Keyword: sifat optik, litium niobat, chemical solution deposition, kecepatan putar