Judul: Mempelajari karakteristik tanah dan kasuran buatan sebagai media persemaian untuk alat tanam padi mekanis
Abstrak: Proses penanaman, khususnya tanaman pangan padi, membutuhkan tenaga kerja yang banyak, sebesar 20% dari keseluruhan proses budidaya, (Departemen Pertanian). Penggunaan alat tanam mekanis dapat membantu peningkatan efisiensi penanaman padi. Pengembangan teknologi penanaman padi dengan alat mekanis dapat dimulai di Indonesia. Karakteristik media persemaian merupakan hal penting menentukan hasil penanaman dengan alat tanam padi. Karakteristik media yang sesuai dengan kerja alat tanam mekanis adalah unik untuk tipe alat tanam padi mekanis yang berbeda. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari karakteristik media persemaian dengan kasuran buatan dan peranan kasuran buatan dalam penggunaan alat tanam padi mekanis. Miyazawa (1978), membagi alat tanam padi menjadi dua bagian, berda- sarkan semaian yang digunakan pada penanaman, yaitu: 1) alat tanam padi yang penggunaannya dengan semaian dimana terdapat lapisan tanah pada perakarannya dan semaian diperoleh dari kotak persemaian, 2) alat tanam padi yang penggunaannya dengan semaian dimana bersih, tanpa adanya lapisan tanah pada perakarannya. ...
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Judul: Disain Alat Tanam Padi (Transplanter) Sistem Rotary
Abstrak: Indonesia yang merupakan negara agraris telah menggunakan teknologi mekanis yang dapat menunjang ke arah swasembada pangan. Penggunaan teknologi ini, disamping dapat menghemat waktu kerja juga dapat mengusahakan lahan pertanian yang lebih luas. Perluasan lahan pertanian merupakan salah satu usaha untuk meningkatkan produksi di bidang pertanian. Produksi pertanian yang mendapat perhatian sekarang ini adalah tanaman pangan, terutama sekali tanaman padi. Tanaman padi telah lama dikenal di Indonesia dan merupakan salah satu makanan pokok bangsa Indonesia. Mekanisasi pertanian dapat menunjang Program Pembangunan Pertanian. Pemakaian energi mekanis di bidang pertanian dan penggunaan teknologi maju dalam produksi pertanian akan mempermudah manusia dalam menguasai serta memanfaatkan semaksimal mungkin sumber daya alam yang tersedia, sehingga produksi per-kapita dapat ditingkatkan. Dengan mekanisasi pertanian juga akan dipertinggi efisiensi tenaga manusia serta ditingkatkan derajat taraf hidup petani.
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Judul: Dog Ticks Infestation and Its Correlation to Tick-Borne Diseases.
Abstrak: Ticks infestation on dog could lead to itchiness, anemia, skin disorders, and tick-borne diseases, such as Ehrlichiosis, Babesiosis, Anaplasmosis and Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. Besides dogs, Ehrlichiosis were known to be zoonotic. Pre-mature stage tick life cycle that occur outside its host, will enhance contacts between ticks and human. The study of ticks infestation and tick-borne diseases on the dog is necessary, because it has not a lot of information about the diversity, prevalence and degree of ticks infestation in Indonesia. Ticks survey, included ticks sampling and dogs blood test were performed at Animal Police Directorate Security Agency (Baharkam) and Atang Sendjaja Air Force (ATS). Meanwhile ticks sampling also data of cases of ticks infestation and diseases transmitted obtained from 21 veterinary clinics in Bogor, Jakarta and Bandung. All ticks samples stored in bottles containing 70% alcohol for identification. Blood tests performed for Ehrlichiosis, Babesiosis and Anaplasmosis diagnosis. The identification results of the 950 ticks samples that obtained from 97 dogs of Baharkam, ATS and veterinary clinics in Bogor, Jakarta and Bandung, showed only one ticks species, Rhipicephalus sanguineus. This ticks belong to three-host tick, which require three hosts to complete its life cycle. Each ticks stage need a host, either same dog (if it is in place there is only one or a few dogs), as well as different dogs. Research in Baharkam conducted on 81 dogs (53 males and 28 females). The prevalence of dogs infested by ticks was 67.90%. The percentage of male dogs that infested by ticks are larger (69.81%) than female (64.29%). Based on Chi-Square test, there was no relationship between sex and breed of dog with degree of ticks infestation. Generally dogs infested with mild infestation category (41.98%), meanwhile moderate category was 18.52%, 2.47% high and 4.94% very high. The dog’s body region that the most infested by R. sanguineus was dog's back. Probably these body regions were be preferred because they are less accessible for the dog to remove them with its paws. Collection of ticks with tick-drag on Baharkam grass field showed positive results on the field that was more often used to practice by dogs. The samples that obtained was larvae stage ticks with density 152 larvae on 215m2 area of the field. Adult stage ticks and several adult females which laying eggs on the cage wall were obtained in the dog kennels. Whole of male and female ATS dogs infested with ticks (14 dogs). In general, dogs infested with very high infestation category was 64.29%, compared by high degree category (21.43%) and moderate (14.29%). Ticks predilection were found mostly on the dog’s head – neck. On ATS grass field did not reveal any ticks, but positively inside the kennels. It happens probably because dogs are rarely released from the kennel, so that the ticks was did drop-off inside the kennel. The total cases of ticks infestation of dogs at Bogor, Jakarta and Bandung veterinary clinics in 2008 until June 2013 as many as 731 cases. In general, there was an increases of the ticks infestation prevalence at three cities in that range
Keyword: Anaplasma, Babesia, Ehrlichia canis, Rhipicephalus sanguineus