Judul: Pemilihan passages dalam Question Answering System untuk dokumen berbahasa Indonesia
Abstrak: The first step on Question Answering System was the user enter question query. The used question query is limited to question type: WHO, WHERE, WHEN, and HOW MANY or HOW MUCH. The question word on query is used to obtain an answer candidate, while other words beside the question word are used to analyze the question. Question analysis process is started by parsing into keyword become tokens. The question sentence that has parsed is used to retrieve document and top passage. Top passage is obtained of question from passages that has highest point. Passages was done by three scoring method : rule-based, heuristic, and combination of rule-based with heuristic. The answer extraction is conducted by calculating the nearest distance between each answer candidate in top passage and each word in keyword. Answer correction is evaluated by using these criteria: right, unsupported, wrong, and null.
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Judul: Analisis Pertanyaan Berbahasa Indonesia pada Question Answering System (QAS)
Abstrak: Question analysis is the first step in QAS. This step decides the final result of QAS process because the result of question analysis is used to retrieve relevant document and answer entity correctly. The used question query is limited to question type: WHO, WHERE, WHEN, and HOW MANY or HOW MUCH. The question word on query is used to obtain the answer candidate, while other words beside the question word are used to analyze the question. Question analysis process is started by parsing the keyword become tokens. The parsing is conducted with regarding token’s pair possibility as a phrase. This phrase formation is expected to be able to keep the semantic aspect of question sentence. The question sentence that has parsed is used to retrieve document and top passage. Top passage is obtained through heuristic scoring. The answer extraction is conducted by calculating the nearest distance between each answer candidate in top passage and each word in keyword. Answer correction is evaluated by using these criteria: right, unsupported, wrong, and null. The evaluation result of system showed the more correct answer for the less number of documents. The result of 106 tested documents was 75.56 % for criteria right, 2.22 % for criteria unsupported, 17.78 % for criteria wrong, and 4.44 % for criteria null. The result of 200 tested documents was 73.33 % for criteria right, 22.22 % for criteria wrong, and 4.44 % for criteria null. The result of 300 tested documents was 71.11 % for criteria right, 22.22 % for criteria wrong, and 6.67 % for criteria null. This decreasing of percentage is caused by the less correct of passage scoring method that was used.
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Judul: Mercury Toxicity and It’s Effect on Histopathology Change of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).
Abstrak: Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of fish species that oportunity to contaminated with mercury. The effects of pollutants can damage living organisms organs and can cause death. The effects caused mercury had acute or chronic character. The aims of this study are to determine threshold and acute toxicity of mercury chloride (HgCl2) of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), to assess the effect of mercury chloride (HgCl2) on several biometric parameters (survival, growth rate of average daily weighted, liver condition, bile and reproductive variability of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), assess the level of damage to the histological structure of the gills, liver and kidney of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) caused mercury chloride (HgCl2) exposure. This study was conducted from February to June 2013. Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were used in this study were female with average weight 20 grams or 11-13 cm length range. Toxicant materials used in this study was mercury chloride (HgCl2). Fish were reared in each aquarium 60x40x30 containing 48 liters of water. This study consists of three stages: a preliminary test, acute test, and sub-chronic test. To determine the changes in biometric condition of tilapia approximated by measuring the survival rate (SR), the growth rate of average daily weight , the content of mercury in the fish organs, hepatosomatic index (HSI), the relative bile volume (VER), gonadal soamtic index (IKG), fecundity and oocit diameter, tissue damage caused by mercury in fish organs by making histological preparations stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The median lethal concentration (96 hr, LC50) of Mercury Chloride was calculated as 1,64 mgL--1.The survival rate was highest in the control treatment (46,67 %) . Mercury chloride with concentration 0.196 mgL--1 show significant effect to changes HSI and relative bile volume, and oocyte diameter of Nile tilapia (p < 0,05). Mercury chloride with a concentration of 0,164 mgL-1 and 0,196 mgL-1 have not a significant effect on the growth rate of weight, gonadal somatic index and fecundity of Nile tilapia (p > 0,05). Mercury chloride cause damage to gills (hyperplasia, hypertrophy, proliferation and neukrosis), liver (hyperplasia, hemorhage, shrinkage of hepatocytes, proliferation and neukrosis) and kidney (hyperplasia, hemorrhage, shrinkage of the glomerulus, proliferation and neukrosis).
Keyword: Nile tilapia, Hepatosomatic indexs (HSI), histopathology