Judul: Penampilan hibrida, pendugaan nilai heterosis dan daya gabung galur-galur jagung (Zea mays L.)
Abstrak: The research was conducted to select superior maize inbred lines and their hybrids based on combining ability and heterosis value. The F1’s of 8x8 diallel crosses, their reciprocals and parents were evaluated at two locations, in Bogor, West Java and Metro, Central Lampung from December 2007 – May 2008. The experimental design was randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance showed that genotypes, General Combining Ability (GCA) and Specific Combining Ability (SCA) were significantly different in ear length, number of kernel per ear and 1000 grain weight in both locations. Reciprocal effect gave significant difference for ear length and 1000 grain weight characters in Lampung, also for ear diameter, ear weight and yield in both locations. Inbreds 276-4, 425-3 and 969 had the highest GCA value for characters ear length, number of kernels per ear and 1000 grain weight observed in both locations. Inbred 605 had the highest GCA value for ear diameter character, for ear weight and yield character, inbred 969 had the highest GCA value in both locations. Meanwhile, the best SCA values in Bogor were from the crosses between 426/612 for ear length and numbers of kernel per ear characters, 261-2/425-3 for 1000 grain weight character. In Lampung, hybrids 261-2/425-3, 276-4/786 and 276-4/261-2 showed the best SCA value for ear length, numbers of kernel per ear and 1000 grain weight. Hybrid 786/969 had the highest SCA value for ear diameter character and hybrid 261-2/425-3 for ear weight and yield in both locations. Crosses between 261-2/425-3 in Bogor and 276-4/261-2 in Lampung had the best heterosis and heterobeltiosis for ear weight and yield characters.
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Judul: Analisis Daya Gabung dan Kelompok Heterosis Galur-galur Jagung Tropis Koleksi PT. BISI International, Tbk
Abstrak: Heterotic grouping in maize takes an important role to enhance breeding efficiency. The aim of the research is to analyse combining ability and heterotic group among several tropical maize lines from PT. BISI International,Tbk’s collections. Eighteen S5 tropical maize lines were used as a genetic material. The research was conducted at PT. BISI International,Tbk’s research station, Kediri and Nganjuk, East Java on May until January 2013. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used in the experiment with 3 replications. DMRT test was used to determine the better lines. The first experimental results revealed that the lines were significantly different for days to mature; ear length (cm); ear diameter (cm) and 1000-seed weight (g). Based on dendrogam analysis by 3.5 Euclidian dissimiliarity coefficient, the lines can be grouped into 8 groups. Group 1 consists of Sr-1#001 and Loe#242. Loe#057 in group two. Group 3 consists of Sr-1#239; Pron#163; Pron#233; Loe#061 and Loe#055. Group 4 consists of Sr-1#147; Pron#077 and Pron#142. Sr-1#086 and Loe#214 belong to group 5. Pron#026 and Loe#187 belong to group 6. Sr-1#016 and Pron#151 (group 7). Sr-1#247 in the group 8. Pron#077; Loe#055; Loe#057; Pron#142; Sr-1#247; Sr-1#086; Loe#187; Pron#163; and Sr-1#001 were the better lines based on yield potency that potencial to be selected for combining ability and heterosis evaluation. Nine selected tropical maize lines were crossed based on Griffing’s diallel mating design I to generate 9 maternal lines, and 36 F1s and its reciprocal F1s, respectively. The research was conducted across two different locations. The RCBD was used in the experiment with 3 replications. The result of this experiment showed that genotypes x locations effect was significant for all traits except ear length, ear diameter and yield potencial. Additive genetic effect were more important for controlling days to anthesis, days to silking, plant height, ear length ear diameter, moisture content, ear shelling and 1000-grain weight, while non-additive genetic effect were more important for days to harvest, ear weight per plot and yield potencial. Best specific combinations for several important traits were exhibited from parent lines with high x low GCA. The lines showed good heterotic potencial up to 266.20% for heterobeltiosis value. The good GCA lines for yield potencial were Sr-1#001 and Loe#187, Sr-1#001xLoe#055, Sr- 1#247xLoe#055, Sr-1#086xLoe#055, Pron#163xLoe#055, Pron#077xLoe#055, Pron#142xLoe#055, Loe#187xLoe#055 and Loe#057xLoe#055. Best heterobeltiosis was exhibited by Pron#163xPron#142 and Pron#163xPron#077. Based on Dunnet test, the result of third experiment revealed that Sr-1#001xSr- 1#086 (7.49 t/ha), Sr-1#001xPron#142 (7.92 t/ha), Loe#057xPron#142 (7.68 t/ha), Sr-1#001xLoe#187 (8.13 t/ha) and Sr-1#247xLoe#187 (7.64 t/ha) were not significant to BISI816, NK22 and P21, statistically. Sr-1#001xSr-1#086 showed good moisture content traits. Sr-1#001xPron#142 was better than P21 for plant height at Kediri site. Loe#057xPron#142 exhibited better ear girth performance than NK22 across two location, while its ear weight per plot was better than P21 at Kediri site . Sr-1#247xLoe#187 exhibited earlier days to anthesis than BISI816, consistently. The hybrids were potencial to be selected and tested in an advanced hybrids testing program. Combining ability and heterosis analysis, strengthen by yield performance evaluation were used as a basic informations to create heterotic groups. Loe#055, Pron#163 and Loe#187 can
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Judul: Manajemen Bahaya di Kawasan Wisata Pantai Parangtritis, Kabupaten Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Abstrak: Pantai Parangtritis merupakan salah satu pantai kuno di bagian selatan Jawa yang berada di Kabupaten Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Pantai ini terletak di zona tumbukan antara lempeng Indo-Australia dan lempeng Eurasia dengan pola pasang surut campuran ganda yang berpotensi menimbulkan bahaya. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret hingga April 2017. Analisis data yang digunakan mengacu pada United Nation Environment Programme (UNEP). Potensi bahaya fisik yang ada di wilayah pantai diantaranya arus pantai, ombak tukik, gempa bumi, dan tsunami. Potensi bahaya biologi yang teridentifikasi yaitu ubur-ubur (Physalia sp.). Potensi bahaya yang memiliki frekuensi lebih tinggi yaitu arus pantai jika dibandingkan dengan potensi bahaya lainnya. Potensi bahaya dapat diprediksi melalui kondisi pasang-surut, angin, dan cuaca. Manajemen bahaya untuk mengurangi tingkatan potensi bahaya dilakukan melalui tindakan preventif dan represif. Tindakan preventif meliputi peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat serta pengunjung terhadap jenis dan lokasi bahaya di Pantai Parangtrits. Tindakan represif terdiri dari penanganan potensi bahaya yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya kecelakaan atau bencana alam.
Keyword: bahaya, bencana alam, kecelakaan laut, manajemen