Judul: Hubungan karakteristik wirausaha dengan kinerja industri Tempe di Kabupaten Bogor
Abstrak: Micro and small industries have increased in business performance relatively faster compared to medium and large industries. However, not all micro and small industries increased business performance, such as tempeh industry experience performance degradation due to still face obstacles in running their business. Therefore, it is necessary to identify whether the performance of industrial enterprises decreased due to tempeh entrepreneurs have low entrepreneurial characteristics. Characteristics of entrepreneurs allegedly associated with strong and positive business performance. The purpose of this study to measure the characteristics of an entrepreneurial relationship with business performance tempeh industry. Entrepreneurial characteristics used in this study include self-confidence, result oriented, risk taker, leadership, originality and future-oriented. Tempeh industry business performance measured include production, turnover and profit. Analyzer used Spearman Rank correlation. The results showed a positive correlation between results-oriented and originality to the production and turnover, while there is a positive correlation between entrepreneurial characteristics, except confidence and leadership with a profit.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), tempeh industry, business performance, characteristics of entrepreneurs

Judul: Perilaku Kewirausahaan pada Usaha Mikro Kecil (UMK) di Bogor, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Entrepreneurial was believed as the wheel of economic growth, as well as entrepreneur is also regarded as an innovator in economic development. The high percentage of the number of entrepreneurs in a country have correlation with the growing well economy (Schumpeter in Casson et al 2006). Data from Kemenkop stated that dominant business in Indonesia is from Micro Small Enterprises (MSEs) with a percentage of 90 %. Nevertheless, this business owner is not counted as an entrepreneur in accordance with Kemenkop assessment. This is associated with the accorded data of number entrepreneurs in Indonesia during 2013, only range about 1.90 % of the total population in Indonesia. This percentage is still very small compared to other Asian countries, Referring to the definition of entrepreneur as an individual who has the ability to create something, to work alone, and to face the risk by leveraging existing opportunities (Casson et al 2006). Empowering the Micro Small Enterprises (MSEs) is one of the best strategic plan because of it has not only great potential in activating economic activities, but also for increasing source of income to improve the welfare of community. Small micro-business is a business that is able to withstand the crisis, as well as micro enterprises that produce tempe in Indonesia. This enterprises has unique characteristics and supply raw materials for producing tempe 100 % derived from soybean imports. Thus, the price change of soybeans will directly influence to business development and also the behavior of producers in negotiating for these circumstances. This enterprises was mostly hereditary, traditional, and small scale home business. However, despite these enterprises are constrained by prices of raw materials and capital, entrepreneurs persist to exist for years despite business growth is not significant . Thus, that behaviors underlying above are the basis on this entrepreneurial behavior research in MSEs. The purpose of this study were (1) identify the characteristics of entrepreneurs in MSE industry (2) analyze the effect of entrepreneurial characteristics and the business climate for entrepreneurial behavior (3) analyze the effect of entrepreneurial behavior on its performance. This research was conducted in Bogor, West Java from November 2014 until July 2015. The number of samples was 121 respondents, taken with purposive sampling technique. Primary data was collected by direct interviews with questionnaire. Data were analyzed with descriptive analysis and multivariate analysis with Structural Equation Models (SEM). Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the characteristics of entrepreneurs, while SEM is used to analyze the relationship between exogenous latent variables of entrepreneurial characteristics and the business climate with latent variables of entrepreneurial behavior and perspective business performance. Descriptive analysis showed that entrepreneurial characteristics was found on the MSE, and increasing scale of production it will be influence on entrepreneurial characteristics. The results of SEM analysis showed that internal factors entrepreneurial characteristics (EC) has a strong influence on entrepreneurial behavior of producer (MSEs). The most variable that reflecting the entrepreneurial character tempe is innovative character. Innovative characteristics that was conducted by producer is innovate on the product, change the size, make a kind of super quality tempe, or make tempe
Keyword: entrepreneurial behavior, entrepreneurial characteristics micro small enterprises (MSES), structural equation models (SEM), tempe industrial

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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