Judul: Identifikasi Keragaman Haplotipe Gen CD1B pada Ayam IPB-D1 dan Ayam Sentul Terseleksi (Sensi-1 Agrinak).
Abstrak: Gen Cluster of differentiation 1B (CD1B) merupakan salah satu gen mayor ketahanan tubuh yang berfungsi dalam merepresentasikan antigen bakteri melalui respon imun spesifik. Gen tersebut juga berperan dalam produksi antibodi imunoglobulin yolk (IgY) melalui mekanisme sel limfosit B. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi keragaman genetik gen CD1B pada ayam IPB-D1 dan ayam sentul terseleksi (Sensi-1 Agrinak) yang dapat dijadikan sebagai kandidat marka genetik ketahanan tubuh ayam. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode sekuensing dan analisis data menggunakan program BLAST, FinchTV, dan MEGA7. Hasil penelitian menemukan 5 titik pada ekson 3 yaitu posisi basa c.292 T>C, c.429 G>A, c.441 T>A, c.467 A>G, c.491 C>G. Kombinasi 5 SNPs membentuk 12 haplotipe (bentuk-bentuk alternatif gen akibat perubahan urutan DNA). Semua mutasi bersifat polimorfik, berada dalam kesetimbangan Hardy Weinberg dan beragam, kecuali mutasi c.491 C>G keragamannya rendah dan tidak berada dalam kesetimbangan Hardy Weinberg.
Keyword: gen CD1B, imunitas, keragaman, mutasi

Judul: Identifikasi Keragaman Gen BG1 Sebagai Kandidat Gen Pengontrol Ketahanan Penyakit Pada Ayam IPB-D2
Abstrak: Ayam IPB-D2 adalah ayam IPB-D1 yang diseleksi berdasarkan konsentrasi IgY dan titer antibodi yang tinggi sebagai parameter ketahanan penyakit ayam. Gen BG1 merupakan salah satu gen yang berperan dalam ketahanan penyakit. Gen BG1 berada di wilayah MHC dan sangat polimorfik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) gen BG1 pada ayam IPBD2 menggunakan metode direct-sequencing. Penelitian ini menggunakan 46 sampel darah ayam IPB-D2. Hasil sequencing dianalisis untuk memperoleh nilai frekuensi genotipe, frekuensi alel, nilai heterosigositas dan keseimbangan HardyWeinberg (uji chisquare). Penelitian ini ditemukan 8 SNP yaitu g.4817 G>T, g.4865 C>A, g.4944 C>T, g.5040 C>T, g.5069 T>C, g.5075 T>C, g.5089 G>A , g.5367 A>G dan delesi g.5086 – g.5087DelAT. Kombinasi 8 SNP membentuk 6 haplotipe. SNP yang mengubah susunan asam amino yaitu SNP g.4817 G>T cys>phen , SNP g.4865 C>A ser>tyr dan SNP g.5089 G>A gly>glu. Mutasi basa g.4944 C>T beragam dan berada dalam kesetimbangan Hardy Weinberg., IPB-D2 chickens were IPB-D1 chickens that were selected based on high IgY concentrations and ND antibody titer as a parameter of body resistance to disease. BG1 gene is one of the gene that play a role in disease resistance. BG1 gene resides in the MHC region and is highly polymorphic. The purpose of this study was to identify the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) of BG1 gene in IPB-D2 chickens using direct-sequencing method. This study used 46 blood samples of IPB-D2 chickens. The sequencing results were analyzed to obtain genotype frequency, allele frequency, heterozygosity and Hardy Weinberg's equilibrium (chisquare test). This results found 8 SNPs that is g.4817 G> T, g.4865 C> A, g.4944 C> T, g. .5040 C>T, g.5069 T>C, g.5075 T>C, g.5089 G>A , g.5367 A>G dan indel mutation g.5086 – g.5087DelAT. The combination of 8 SNPs forms 6 haplotypes. SNPs that changed the amino acid composition were SNP g.4817 G> T cys> phen, SNP g.4865 C> A ser> tyr and SNP g.5089 G> Agly> glu. Mutations g.4944 C> T were diverse and was in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium.
Keyword: BG1 gene, disease resistance, diversity, IPB-D2 Chicken, mutation

Judul: Numerical modeling of the hydrodynamics of standing wave and scouring in front of impermeable breakwater with different steepnesses
Abstrak: The aim of this paper is to numerically study the effects of breakwater steepness on the hydrodynamics of standing wave and scouring process in front of impermeable breakwaters. A two-dimensional hydrodynamics model based on the Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations and the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method was developed and then combined with an empirical sediment transport model. Comparisons with an analytical solution and experimental data showed the present model is very accurate in predicting the near bottom velocity and capable of simulating the scour/deposition patterns consistent with experimental data. It was found that the additional terms of bottom shear stress in the momentum equations are necessary to produce a physical scouring pattern. Different breakwater steepnesses produce different characteristics of standing wave, the steady streaming system, and scouring pattern in front of the breakwaters, which also affects the correlations between them. An additional analysis of the turbulence field parameters and the sediment transport rate was also performed. All these important information will be presented in details in this paper and can be worthwhile for designing the breakwater in coastal areas.
Keyword: The RANS–VOF model Standingwave Steadystreamingsystem Scouring pattern Breakwatersteepness