Judul: Analisis konflik sumber daya alam di Pegunungan Kendeng Utara, Kabupaten Pati, Provinsi Jawa Tengah (Studi kasus : Rencana pembangunan pabrik semen oleh PT. SMS di Kecamatan Tambakromo dan Kayen)
Abstrak: A Natural resources conflict is not new things in Indonesia. Most of the conflicts that occur are because of the differences in a perspectives and interests in resource. This matter is reflected on Kendeng Mountains conflict resources in Pati residence. Development planning of cement factory (PT.SMS) to be established in Pati residence is caused many conflicts in society. This is because the natural vi resources that have existed become the foundation of the people there will be exploited soon by the private parties. The concern is about the extinction of the resources in Kendeng Mountains strongly rejected by the people in developing the cement factory, but the local government and some parties are supported the development of this cement factory. The differences idealism of each actor becomes the main factor of this problem. As a result, conflicts are inevitable. The purpose of this study is to identify the actors involved the conflict about the SDA Mountains Kendeng and analyze a typology of this conflict which is happening in District Tambakromo and Kayen. The method that is used is qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with a snowballing technique and observation the field. The results of the study is to identify the actors who are involved in the conflict of interest SDA Kendeng Mountains into eight groups, there are grassroot organization (pro with cement factory), grassroot organization (contra with cement factory), NGO’s (green party), NGO’s (local party), government (local and national), religious groups, private (PT. SMS), and academics / researchers. While, the conflict that is happened, has a latent characteristics and change fluctuate become manifest as a result of the intervention of other actors.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), typology of conflict., interest, actor, natural resources, conflict

Judul: Natural resource conflicts on iron sand mining area: an implication study of regional autonomy (A Case Study in Kulon Progo District Yogyakarta Province)
Abstrak: The social transformation of coastal community in Kulon Progo District, Yogyakarta Province, as a result of ecosystem transformation, has occurred since 1980. These processes take place gradually as the progress of indigenous knowledge and supported by the subsistent local livelihood activities. The local government publishes the mining policy on the coastal area to earn native local income. The impacts of the policy not only triggers the natural resource conflicts between local community; local government; and private sector, but also threaten the sustainability of community’s knowledge evolution; ecosystem; and the local community existence. A qualitative research was conducted to analyzed the natural resource conflicts, power relation, and develop conflicts resolution, used Theory of Decentralization, Theory of Property Rights, Theory of Conflict, and Theory of Human Ecology on the political ecology perspective as conceptual analysis. The concept of Governmentality was used to analyzed the empirical dimensions i.e. : 1) the agrarian structure, 2) the political processes of natural resource policy, 3) the structure of conflict, and 4) the relation of power on natural resource control. The results are that 1) natural resource conflicts are caused by both of material grounds (agrarian structure, decentralization) and immaterial grounds (political economy, partiality), its existence are manifest and latent, 2) the political processes of natural resource policy indicate the involvement of political economy of global economic actor in the context of agrarian changes, 3) the complexity of structure of conflicts are on the level of power, policy, and community, and 4) the power relations of conflicting actors are mutual, conflictual, and neutral. The conclusions are 1) the structure of natural resource conflicts in Kulon Progo District could characterize as multi actors, multi dimensions, multi arenas, and multi matters, manifest and latent, perennial and temporal conflicts, 2) the web of power relations of natural resource in Kulon Progo district are an articulation of agrarian structure, political process of natural resource policy, and the structure of conflicts that occur on decentralized political system, 3) the ecological crisis in Kulon Progo District is connected to social political crisis, and 4) the alternative of natural resource policy in Kulon Progo district is difficult to develop due to the absence of equality, transparency, and trust on the conflicting actors.
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Judul: Approximation of the Median of Poisson Distribution Using the Relation of Poisson-Gamma Distribution
Abstrak: A major drawback of median is that median cannot usually be defined in closed form, even in the cases where their distribution functions are known. This study gives an approximation of the closed form for the median of the Poisson distribution by using the relation of Poisson-Gamma distribution. The approximation uses elementary techniques based on the monotonicity of certain sequences involving tail probabilities of the Poisson distribution and the Central Limit Theorem. Furthermore, a closed form expression for the mean absolute deviation 􀜧|􀜰􀰒 􀵆 􀜯􀝁􀝀􁈺􀜰􀰒􁈻| is also studied. The median is relevant because of the fact that it minimizes the mean absolute deviation of a Poisson random variable (􀜰􀰒􁈻 by considering median as central tendency.
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