Judul: Evaluasi Penerapan GMP dan SSOP serta Penyusunan Rencana  HACCP pada Produksi Minuman Sari Tebu di PT XYZ
Abstrak: Penerapan sistem keamanan pangan sangat diperlukan untuk menjamin pangan aman dikonsumsi. PT XYZ merupakan industri minuman sari tebu yang telah menerapkan GMP dan SSOP sebagai prerequisite program (PRP). Namun, PT XYZ belum menerapkan sistem HACCP. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi penerapan GMP dan SSOP serta menyusun rencana HACCP pada produksi minuman sari tebu di PT XYZ. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif yang terdiri atas mempelajari proses produksi minuman sari tebu, evaluasi penerapan GMP dan SSOP, menentukan rekomendasi perbaikan, dan kajian penyusunan rencana HACCP. Pengumpulan data dengan cara studi literatur, observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Tahap pembuatan minuman sari tebu di PT XYZ meliputi pengupasan, penimbangan, pemotongan, pencucian, blansir, ekstraksi, penyaringan, penjernihan, pasteurisasi, pencampuran, hot filling, sealing, pendinginan, pengemasan sekunder, dan penyimpanan dingin. Evaluasi GMP menunjukkan bahwa divisi minuman sari tebu PT XYZ termasuk dalam kategori penerapan GMP level III. Evaluasi penerapan SSOP pada produksi minuman sari tebu memiliki persentase penyimpangan 41,07% yang artinya dalam kategori kurang memenuhi. Tahap produksi yang termasuk dalam CCP pada rencana HACCP yaitu filtrasi air, pasteurisasi, pendinginan, penyimpanan dingin, dan distribusi., The implementation of a food safety system is needed to ensure that food is safe for consumption. PT XYZ is a sugarcane beverage industry that has implemented GMP and SSOP as a prerequisite program (PRP). However, PT XYZ has not implemented the HACCP system. This study aims to evaluate the application of GMP and SSOP and develop a HACCP plan for sugarcane juice production at PT XYZ. This research method is descriptive qualitative which consists of studying the sugarcane juice production process, evaluating the implementation of GMP and SSOP, determining recommendations for improvement, and reviewing the preparation of the HACCP plan. Collecting data by means of literature study, observation, interviews, and documentation. The stages of making sugarcane juice at PT XYZ include stripping, weighing, cutting, washing, blanching, extraction, filtering, purification, pasteurization, mixing, hot filling, sealing, cooling, secondary packaging, and cold storage. GMP evaluation show that the sugarcane juice beverage division of PT XYZ is included in the category of applying GMP level III. Evaluation of the application of SSOP in the production of sugarcane juice has a deviation percentage of 41.07%, which means that it is included in the less fulfilling category. The production stages included in the CCP in the HACCP plan are water filtration, pasteurization, cooling, cold storage, and distribution.
Keyword: Evaluasi, GMP, HACCP, Minuman Sari Tebu, SSOP

Judul: Evaluasi Sistem Keamanan Pangan Berbasis HACCP dalam Produk Mini Jelly PT XYZ
Abstrak: Keamanan pangan telah menjadi perhatian masyarakat, sehingga untuk memperoleh dan meningkatkannya, diperlukan sistem yang memenuhi standar keamanan pangan di Indonesia. Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) dianggap sebagai metode paling lengkap dalam mengelola bahaya pada pangan dan dapat diterapkan pada industri pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi persyaratan dasar dan sistem HACCP produk mini jelly sehingga ditemukan kesenjangan implementasi dan peningkatan sistem HACCP dapat dilakukan perusahaan. Metode penelitian meliputi peninjauan Pre-Requisite Program (PRP), peninjauan HACCP, dan gap analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Good Manufacturing Practices PT XYZ berada pada level III dengan nilai kesesuaian penerapan cukup memenuhi (79,82%), sehingga perlu dilakukan perbaikan pada aspek tertentu. HACCP yang diterapkan berdasarkan 12 langkah penerapan HACCP menghasilkan 2 Critical Control Point (CCP) yaitu CCP pasteurisasi pada suhu 80±2 oC selama 7 menit untuk mengendalikan bahaya mikrobiologi dan CCP pendeteksi logam dengan pendeteksian minimal Fe 2,0 mm dan stainless steel 3,0 mm untuk mengendalikan bahaya serpihan logam. Ditemukan kesenjangan penerapan HACCP yakni pada jumlah anggota tim HACCP, deskripsi produk, identifikasi kegunaan produk, diagram alir, analisis bahaya, CCP, serta sistem pencatatan dan pembukuan., Food safety has become a public concern, in order to obtain and improve food safety, a system that meets Indonesia’s food safety standards is needed. Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) is considered a comprehensive method for handling food hazards and can be applied in the food industry. This study aims to evaluate the basic requirements and the HACCP system for mini jelly products, so companies can find implementation gaps and improve the HACCP system. Research methods include Pre-Requisite Program (PRP) review, HACCP review, and gap analysis. The results showed that PT XYZ's Good Manufacturing Practices implementation was at level III with a suitability value of sufficient application (79,82%), thus certain aspects require improvement. HACCP is applied based on the 12 steps of HACCP application produces 2 Critical Control Points (CCP), namely CCP pasteurization at 80±2 oC for 7 minutes to control microbiological hazards and CCP metal detection with a minimum detection of Fe 2,0 mm and stainless steel 3,0 mm to control the metal splinter hazard. Gaps were found in the implementation of HACCP, namely in the number of HACCP team members, product descriptions, identification of product uses, flowcharts, hazard analysis, CCP, and recording and bookkeeping systems.
Keyword: CCP, gap analysis, GMP, HACCP, mini jelly

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
Keyword: