Judul: Comparative Analysis of the Linkages Between Inflation and Exchange Rate Competitiveness in G20 Countries
Abstrak: Menjaga stabilitas perekonomian adalah tujuan utama bank sentral di seluruh dunia. Kestabilan perekonomian suatu negara bergantung kepada faktor makroekonominya, dua diantaranya ialah inflasi dan nilai tukar. Peran penting yang dimiliki inflasi dan nilai tukar ditentukan oleh respon kebijakan moneter yang bertujuan untuk mencapai dan memelihara kestabilan nilai mata uang dari masing-masing negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan keterkaitan serta kepekaan antara inflasi dan nilai tukar riil di Negara G20. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder tahunan dari 2006 hingga 2021 pada 20 negara yang tergabung dalam G20 dan diestimasi menggunakan metode regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat keterkaitan yang erat antara pergerakan inflasi dengan nilai tukar riil di Negara G20 serta berlaku hubungan kausalitas dua arah. Selain itu, terdapat kepekaan antara pergerakan nilai tukar riil yang memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap tingkat inflasi., Maintaining the economic stability is the main goal of central banks around the world. The economic stability of a country's depends on macroeconomic factors, including inflation and exchange rates. The important role of inflation and exchange rates is determined by the monetary policy response that aims to achieve and maintain economic stability in each country. This research aims to examine the linkage and respons between inflation and real exchanges rate in G20 countries. This research uses annual secondary data from 2006 to 2021 in 20 countries that are members of the G20 and estimated using the panel data regression method. This research showed that there is a strong correlation between inflation movements and the real exchange rate in the G20 countries indicates by the applied of bidirectional causal relationship. Furthermore, there is a response between real exchange rate movements which have a positive effect on the inflation rate.
Keyword: inflation, exchange rate, panel data regression, economic stability

Judul: The Impact of Economic Policy Uncertainty on Foreign Direct Investment in G20 Countries
Abstrak: Foreign Direct Investment atau FDI diakui sebagai sumber kemajuan ekonomi melalui penyebaran ide-ide baru, keterampilan, teknologi, dan manajemen di negara tuan rumah. Berbagai keuntungan tersebut tidak terlepas dari risiko terlebih jika ketidakpastian seperti Economy Policy Uncertainty (EPU) diperhitungkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh EPU terhadap FDI di negara G20. Melalui panel statis dengan pendekatan Random Effect Model, penelitian dilakukan pada 13 negara G20 dengan rentang tahun 2004-2022. Hasil regresi menunjukkan bahwa variabel EPU domestik berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap FDI. Sedangkan EPU global memiliki dampak positif terhadap FDI. Variabel makroekonomi lainnya meliputi PDB per kapita, inflasi, rasio tenaga kerja, dan populasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap FDI. Hasil penelitian memberikan bukti empiris bagi pemerintah masing-masing negara untuk mempertimbangkan ketidakpastian yang dicerminkan dengan indikator EPU sebagai peringatan yang berdampak terhadap FDI. Foreign Direct Investment or FDI is recognized as a source of economic progress through the spread of new ideas, skills, technology, and management in host countries. These various benefits cannot be separated from risks, especially if uncertainties such as Economic Policy Uncertainty (EPU) are considered. This research aims to analyze the influence of EPU on FDI in G20 countries. Using a static panel with a Random Effect Model approach, research was conducted on 13 G20 countries in the period 2004-2022. The regression results show that the domestic EPU variable has a negative and significant effect on FDI. Meanwhile, global EPU has a positive impact on FDI. Other macroeconomic variables including GDP per capita, inflation, labor ratio, and population have a positive and significant effect on FDI. The research results provide empirical evidence for the governments of each country to consider the uncertainty reflected by the EPU indicator as a warning that has an impact on FDI., Foreign Direct Investment or FDI is recognized as a source of economic progress through the spread of new ideas, skills, technology, and management in host countries. These various benefits cannot be separated from risks, especially if uncertainties such as Economic Policy Uncertainty (EPU) are considered. This research aims to analyze the influence of EPU on FDI in G20 countries. Using a static panel with a Random Effect Model approach, research was conducted on 13 G20 countries in the period 2004-2022. The regression results show that the domestic EPU variable has a negative and significant effect on FDI. Meanwhile, global EPU has a positive impact on FDI. Other macroeconomic variables including GDP per capita, inflation, labor ratio, and population have a positive and significant effect on FDI. The research results provide empirical evidence for the governments of each country to consider the uncertainty reflected by the EPU indicator as a warning that has an impact on FDI
Keyword: fdi, epu, ketidakpastian, regresi data panel

Judul: Studi Taksonomi Katak Subgenus Papurana (Lesson, 1831) dari Halmahera (Anura, Ranidae, Hylarana), Studi Taksonomi Katak Subgenus Papurana (Lesson, 1831) dari Halmahera (Anura, Ranidae, Hylarana
Abstrak: I reevaluated taxonomic of subgenus Papurana position from Halmahera based on morphological and molecular analyses. My results show that two separate species occur on the Halmahera Island, each nested within two distinct clades (hereafter papua clade and celebensis clade), one of which corresponds to H. moluccana (celebensis clade) and the other to an unidentified species (papua clade). By p-distance ranging from 6.9 to 11.5% on the 16S rRNA gene, the unidentified species (Hylarana sp.) is genetically different from all congeners of the papua clade. The Hylarana sp. can be distinguished from all congeners by following combination of charactes: vomer teeth in two oblique rows with narrow inter-vomer distance; snout rounded dorsally; dorsum with few scattered cone-shaped tubercles that are black with white tips; distinct skin folds (ridges) on the dorsal side of the thigh coinciding with dark brown cross bars; a marbled pattern on the ventral side of the thigh and yellowish groin. I also present new data for H. daemeli, H. volkerjane, and H. arfaki from the western region of Papua. Furthermore, I found that H. celebensis has numerous mtDNA lineages, indicating cryptic diversity within the celebensis clade. The discovery of two separate species on Halmahera necessitates more research into the biogeographic history of Hylarana in Northern Moluccas.
Keyword: frog, Halmahera, Hylarana, morphology, Papurana, phylogenetic