Judul: Determining Minimum and Optimum Viable Population Size of Rusa Deer (Rusa timorensis) Based on Demographic Parameters : Study Case at Pananjung Pangandaran Natural Park / Nature Reserve and Alas Purwo National Park
Abstrak: One of the main goals of conservation is to maintain and increase the population size. In order to conserve wildlife population, Minimum Viable Population (MVP) and Optimum Viable Population (OVP) for high utilized wild animal are needs to know. Rusa deer which protected by the conservation law have a great economic value. The aims of this study are to determine MVP and OVP of rusa deer to make do rusa deer benefit without intrude its population stability. Algebra linear equation system from matrix Leslie was used to determine MVP and density dependence Leslie matrix was used to determine the OVP. MVP size for rusa deer population in Pananjung Pangandaran Natural Park / Nature Reserve is 97 individuals and for Alas Purwo National Park is 10.367 individuals. OVP size for rusa deer population in Pananjung Pangandaran Natural Park / Nature Reserve is 751 individuals, and for Alas Purwo National Park is 21.682 individuals.
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Judul: Penentuan Ukuran Populasi Minimum dan Optimum Lestari Banteng (Bos javanicus) berdasarkan Parameter Demografi di Taman Nasional Alas Purwo, Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur
Abstrak: One of the main goals of conservation is to maintain sustainability and to increase the population size of living species. In order to conserve an important wildlife population, Minimum Viable Population (MVP) and Optimum Viable Population (OVP) are the main population parameters that must be known. Banteng (Bos javanicus) are protected by the conservation law yet on the other hand has a great economic value for human. Research on MVP of banteng has not yet been performed up until now, and this was the main reason for undertaking a certain study. The aims of this study were to determine MVP and OVP of banteng as a basic point of wildlife management. To obtain the actual condition of the population (population size, sex ratio and age classes) an inventory method of Concentration Count was used, performed in Sadengan grazing field. Based on the assumption that all banteng would gather at this certain location, the counting was performed within 18 repetition and the largest counted number was then considered as the population size. The Algebra linear equation system from Leslie’s matrix was used to determine MVP, while the density dependence of Leslie’s matrix was used to determine the OVP. The population size used as base of calculation was the size of female population, and as for the male population size was predicted using the initial population’s sex ratio. The result showed that the MVP of banteng in Alas Purwo National Park was 94 with the domination of females in each of age classes, which predicted would occur in a year ahead (2013). As for the OVP was 149, also dominated by females and predicted to be occured in the next 30 years (2024).
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Judul: Elektrodeposisi Film Tipis Semikonduktor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) pada Substrat Kaca ITO
Abstrak: Semiconductor Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film that can be used as absorber layers on solar cell module was made via electrodeposition method. CZTS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of a silicate glass coated with a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Deposition process was done using potentiostatic mode at room temperature with a potential of 1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes, followed with annealing the film at 2 different temperatures, 500 ºC using furnace and 180 ºC using hot plate, both treatments for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. The X-ray difractograms were analyzed using Match 2 program and showed that the CZTS thin films had kesterit crystalline structure, with a low percentage of CZTS phase. The thin film also contained secondary phases such as Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS. The obtained CZTS thin films had a thickness between 1.039 and 1.676 μm. Absorption study showed that the band gap energy of CZTS thin films which was annealed using furnace ranged from 1.50 to 1.52 eV, whereas that annealed using the hot plate was not observed. The band gap energy value showed that CZTS thin films can be used as sunlight absorber layers on solar cell. The formation of CZTS crystal film on this investigation was effectively performed using furnace annealing process at a temperature of 500 ºC with deposition time of 45 minutes.
Keyword: Thin film, Electrodeposition, Cu2ZnSnS4