Judul: Fenomena Urban Heat Island dan Hubungannya dengan Konsentrasi Ozon Permukaan (O₃) di Kota Bogor
Abstrak: Kota Bogor termasuk kota besar yang mengalami peningkatan pembangunan cukup signifikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi fenomena UHI dan konsentrasi ozon permukaan di Kota Bogor selama tahun 2013 hingga 2022. Sumber data berasal dari citra Landsat 8 dan 9 serta Aura-OMI yang diolah menjadi data penyebaran tutupan lahan, suhu permukaan, dan konsentrasi ozon permukaan. Penelitian menunjukkan pertambahan luas lahan terbangun sebesar 14,780 km² sehingga membuat persentase luas lahan terbangun naik dari 54,176 % menjadi 67,315 % pada tahun 2022. Suhu permukaan rata-rata di Kota Bogor naik sebesar 2,960 °C, suhu tertinggi serta terendah juga naik sebesar 2,704 °C dan 1,765 °C pada tahun 2022. Konsentrasi ozon permukaan yang didapat dari tahun 2013 hingga 2022 naik sebesar 0,440 µg/m³. Penyebaran O₃ tertinggi berada di wilayah barat dan utara Kota Bogor, sedangkan terendah di timur dan selatan Kota Bogor. Nilai korelasi antara luas lahan terbangun dan suhu permukaan sebesar 0,6478 atau berhubungan kuat, antara konsentrasi ozon dan suhu permukaan senilai 0,4416 atau berhubungan sedang, dan antara luas lahan terbangun dengan konsentrasi ozon adalah 0,1135 atau berhubungan sangat lemah., Bogor City is a big city that has experienced a significant increase in development. This study aims to identify the phenomenon of UHI and surface ozone concentrations in Bogor City during 2013 to 2022. The data source comes from Landsat 8 and 9 imagery as well as Aura-OMI which are processed into data on land cover distribution, surface temperature, and surface ozone concentration. Research shows an increase in the area of built-up land by 14,780 km², making the percentage of built-up land area increase from 54,176% to 67,315% in 2022. The average surface temperature in Bogor City rose by 2,960 °C, the highest and lowest temperatures also rose by 2,704 °C and 1,765 °C in 2022. Surface ozone concentrations obtained from 2013 to 2022 rose by 0,440 μg/m³. The highest spread of O₃ is in the western and northern regions of Bogor City, while the lowest is in the east and south of Bogor City. The correlation value between built-up land area and surface temperature is 0,6478 or strongly related, between ozone concentration and surface temperature worth 0,4416 or moderately related, and between built-up land area with ozone concentration is 0,1135 or very weakly related.
Keyword: built-up land, land cover, surface ozon, surface temperature, UHI

Judul: Surface Ozone Concentration and Relations to Ozone Precursor Concentration and Meteorological Factors Case Study: Bogor City.
Abstrak: Kualitas udara Kota Bogor dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas manusia. Hal ini menyebabkan peningkatan konsentrasi polutan di udara, diantaranya adalah O3 yang merupakan polutan sekunder. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis prekursor dan faktor meteorologi yang paling berpengaruh terhadap pembentukan O3 di atmosfer. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis korelasi pearson. Periode waktu yang digunakan adalah curah hujan rendah dan curah hujan tinggi yang diwakili oleh bulan April 2022 dan Maret 2023. Prekursor ozon yang digunakan adalah NO, NO2, dan CO, sedangkan faktor meteorologi yang digunakan adalah suhu udara, kelembaban, kecepatan dan arah angin. Koefisien korelasi NO, NO2 dan CO pada curah hujan tinggi (r = -0,641; r = 0,122; r = -0,077) dan curah hujan rendah (r = -0,446; r = 0,167; r = -0,143). Koefisien korelasi suhu udara, kelembaban, dan kecepatan angin pada curah hujan tinggi (r = 0,631; r = -0,503; r = 0,283) dan curah hujan rendah (r = 0,599; r = -0,470; r = 0,223). NO merupakan prekursor O3 yang memiliki hubungan kuat pada curah hujan rendah (r = -0,446) dan curah hujan tinggi (r = -0,641). Suhu udara merupakan faktor meteorologi yang berhubungan kuat pada curah hujan rendah (r = 0,599) dan curah hujan tinggi (r = 0,631)., Bogor City's air quality is influenced by human activities. This causes an increase in the concentration of pollutants in the air, including O3 which is a secondary pollutant. This study aims to analyse the precursors and meteorological factors that have the most influence on the formation of O3 in the atmosphere. The method used was Pearson correlation analysis. The time period used is low rainfall and high rainfall represented by April 2022 and March 2023. The ozone precursors used are NO, NO2, and CO, while the meteorological factors used are air temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction. The correlation coefficients of NO, NO2 and CO at high rainfall (r = -0.641; r = 0.122; r = -0.077) and low rainfall (r = -0.446; r = 0.167; r = -0.143). The correlation coefficient of air temperature, humidity, and wind speed in high rainfall (r = 0.631; r = -0.503; r = 0.283) and low rainfall (r = 0.599; r = -0.470; r = 0.223). NO is a precursor of O3 which has a strong relation in low rainfall (r = -0.446) and high rainfall (r = -0.641). Air temperature is a meteorological factor that is strong relation with low rainfall (r = 0.599) and high rainfall (r = 0.631)., ,
Keyword: Atmosfer, Faktor Meteorologi, Ozon, Polutan, Prekursor

Judul: Posisi Filogenetik Kura-Kura Carettochelys Insculpta  (Reptillia: Testudinata)
Abstrak: Carettochelys insculpta is an endemic freshwater turtle of southern Papua and northern Australia. Phylogenetic position of this turtle is remain unresolved until now. Most of the research conducted show close relationships of C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. However, some of the research show distance between C. insculpta and members of Trionychidae family. This research is conducted to analyze phylogenetic relationship between C. insculpta and other members of Testudinata using 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and both gene as markers. DNA samples were obtained from three different organisms of C. insculpta. Two species used as outgroups were Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Neighbor-Joining method with Felsenstein 1981 (F81) modeltest. A polytomy tree of Testudinata was produced by using 12S rRNA gene. However, analysis using 16S rRNA and both genes as markers confirmed that C. insculpta was located between the Chelonidae and the Trionychidae family.
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