Judul: Optimization of ecological-economic functions in target fishes-based coral reef management (Case of Hogow Island and Putus-Putus Island, North Sulawesi)
Abstrak: This study provides a framework to optimize the ecological-economic roles of the coral reefs. In general, it was aimed at developing the management optimization design in order to raise the ecological and economic functions of the coral reefs which oriented in utilization sustainability of the coral reef resources in Hogow and Putus-Putus Islands. The specific objectives were (1) to determine the spawning ground, the nursery ground and the feeding ground in the coral reefs and evaluate the relationship between the occurrence of target fish and the coral reef building benthic organisms in space and time; (2) to optimize the ecological-economic roles in spawning ground, nursery ground, and feeding ground in the target fish-based coral reef management; (3) to evaluate the benefits of coral reef ecosystem to the economy, social and culture of adjacent communities. Based on the target fish distribution pattern data of 2002 to 2011, Hogow Island was determined as spawning ground, Putus-Putus Island (Station 1 and 2) as nursery ground and Putus-Putus Island (Station 4, 5 and 6) as feeding ground. The optimization of ecological and economic functions of the coral reefs was reached at the live coral cover of 66.82 ha, the target fish stock of 165 tons/yr, the target fish production of 66.36 tons/yr, and the fishing efforts of 200 trips/yr. The success of the sustainable coral reef management in Hogow Island and Putus-Putus Island could result from the community and government‟s participation, and therefore, the governmental policies should integrate the ecological, economic, social, institutional, and technological aspects.
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Judul: Analisis keberlanjutan sumber daya terumbu karang untuk ekowisata bahari berbasis keterpaduan stakeholder (studi kasus Pulau Hoga, Kabupaten Wakatobi).
Abstrak: Integrated coastal management model is essential in the management and utilization of resources of small islands. Some marine tourism sites that attract are able to collapse by the activity of marine tourism too. The research has been done in Hoga Island, Wakatobi Regency, since February to December 2012. This study was aimed to analyze the sustainability of marine ecotourism that utilized of coral reef resources by means of the integrated stakeholders approach. In this study, the means of stakeholder were the government, private sector and local community. The three categories of marine ecotourism activity that observed were diving, snorkeling and beach recreation. Based on the suitability analysis from Yulianda (2007), so the location that suitable to dive with totally utilization of carrying capacity were 77 people/day. The appropriated location for snorkeling was the coral reef shelf in the west of Hoga Island with carrying capacity of utilization amounts 2213 people/day. The location that suitable with the beach recreation was in the beachs with amounts utilization carrying capacity 68 people/day. The profit of marine ecotourism activities that acceptable to stakeholder i.e for local community obtained Rp. 1.125,9 million in 2011 from 5 types of business sector and 20 types of vocation. In the 2011, the acceptable of income to the government by tax and entrance fee to marine ecotourism in Hoga Island were Rp. 81,7 million. In the 2010, the organizer of marine ecotourism in Hoga Island had amounts 14,5% of total income from the marine ecotourism activities. Whereas the multiplier effect of marine ecotourism for Keynesian Local Income Multiplier obtained 0,38; for Ratio Income Multiplier Type I obtained 1,57; and for Ratio Income Multiplier Type II obtained 2,27. In the 2011, the total economic value of coral reefs in Hoga Island in 2011 is Rp. 11,88 billion. The resulted of Cluster Analysis to stakeholder were obtained the primary of stakeholder, i.e. Tourism Department of Wakatobi Regency, Wakatobi National Park (BTNW), Wallacea Operation (Opwal), Wakatobi Nature Foundation, The Group Business Community, and The Group Workers Community. The resulted of sustainability analysis shown that status of marine ecotourism sustainability in Hoga Island were potential sustainability categories (60,54).
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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