Judul: Studi Histopatologi Pengaruh Ekstrak Minyak Jintan Hitam (Nigella sativa) pada Organ Pertahanan Ayam Broiler
Abstrak: Nigella sativa, known as black cumin is a herb that is widely used in treating various diseases, including as an anti-cancer. The purpose of this study is to study histologically the lymphoid organs of broiler chickens changes due to the effect of black cumin (Nigella sativa). A total 45 chickens were divided into 3 groups: group A was given Nigella sativa, ND, IBD and AI vaccine, group B was given Nigella sativa, ND and IBD vaccines, the last group K (control) was given ND and IBD vaccines. Commercial preparation of N. sativa treated every day orally as 0.02 ml every chicken in group A and group B starting from 2th to 6th week. Furthermore, every week 3 chickens out of each groups were sacrificed for necropsy and processed to histopathological slides with Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. The parameters studied were area of thymic cortical, splenic white pulp, lymphoid follicles of Fabricius bursa and lymphocyte density in each lymphoid organs. Result shown that histologically increasing the area of thymic cortical, white pulp of the spleen, lymphoid follicle bursa of Fabricius as well as lymphocyte density of the treated groups mostly greater than control. Statistically the results showed there was a difference (p<0.05) between Control group and treated group (A and B). Black Cumin (Nigella sativa) Extract is give positive beneficial on Lymphoid Organs of Broiler Chickens. Nigella sativa able to enhance the immune system in broiler chickens.
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Judul: Studi Histopatologi Manfaat Ekstrak Jintan Hitam (Nigella sativa) pada Organ Pencernaan Ayam Broiler
Abstrak: Black cumin or Nigella sativa is a plant belonging to herbal medicine which is famous in the world. The research was conducted to study the histopathological changes of digestive organs (proventriculus, ventriculus, duodenum, and pancreas) in broiler chickens after administration of N. sativa. A total of 100 chickens (one day old chick / DOC) were divided into 3 treatment groups, namely control (K) group, vaccinated ND, and vaccinated IBD; group A vaccination with ND, IBD, AI virus and treated by extracts N. sativa; group B given ND, IBD virus vaccine, and extracts N. sativa. Extracts N. sativa was given for 5 weeks every day with the oral administration route. Every week since the second week up to sixth week chickens drawn at randomly to be analyzed histopathological, chicken were necropsied and organ samples were collected for a later fixed with Neutral Buffered Formalin (BNF) 10% and processed into histopathology slides stained with Haematoxylin Eosin (HE). The results showed that the extract of N. sativa reduced number of inflammatory cells in proventriculus; decrease of ventriculus koilin thickening while decreasing the number of inflammatory cells of ventriculus; increased the percentage of intact epithelium, increasing the number and extensive of intestinal villi; and increasing the number of bowel crypts; increase the number active acinar of pancreas and increase the body weight. This result indicate that extracts of N. sativa has the protective potency on gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens and reduce the number of the inflammatory cells.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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