Judul: Sifat Kekuatan Pulp dari Campuran Pulp Daur Ulang dengan Pulp Kulit Buah Durian
Abstrak: Durio Rind Pulp (DRP) cooking with soda, obtained from AA 20%, L/W 4:1, T 170oC for 4 hours without bleached. SWL give heat treatment in printer, feed five times, T 160oC then repulping. DRP and SWL mixed, the composition (w/w) 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, and 0/100 with 3 different freeness, 300 CSF, 200 CSF, and 100 CSF. Dimensions and derivatives values DR all of which occupy fiber quality class II except felting power quality class III. While SWL occupies quality class III. Levels solubility of ethanol benzene, holocellulose, lignin, and α cellulose DR is 23%, 65.39 - 67.28%, 16.34 - 18.17%, 41.16 - 42.38%. While the level of solubility NaOH 1% of fiber DR > DRP 300 CSF > DRP 200 CSF > SWL. The mechanical properties of the sheets pulp mixture decreased with increasing composition of DRP. It is thought to because the DRP had higher levels of low weight polysaccharides and cellulose degradation is high. While the mechanical properties of SWL can be improved by beating.
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Judul: Sifat pulp soda-belerang dari campuran kayu karet dan beberapa jenis kayu daun lebar
Abstrak: Ketutunan kertas dunia selalu meningkat dan menuntut pengadaan bahan baku yang lebin canyak, kayu sebagai banan mentan pulp banyak terdapat di Indonesis. Sebagai konsekwensi letak geografis kayu - kayu daun lebar yang terdapat di Indonesia sangat bervariasi jenisnya. Fenelitian ini bertujuan mencari kondisi pemasakan campuran yang optimum dari proses soda-belerang terhadap bahan mentah kayu karet dengan berbagai tingkat campuran kayu-kayu daun lebar lainnya. mingkat pemberian belerang pada pemasakan ialan 0; 0,5; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0 dan 2,5 persen dari kayu contoh kering tanur dengan tingkat penambanan campuran kayu-kayu daun lebar lainnya 0,10,20,30 dan 40 persen. nasil penelitian ini menunjukkan makin tinggi kadar kayu daun lebar lainnya dalam campuran menyebabkan rendemen bilangan germanganat meningkat sedangkan konsumsi alkali dan noda lateks menurun. Faktor letup, faktor sobek dan daya re gang meningkat. Feningkatan penggunaan belerang menurunkan rendemen dan konsumsi alkali sedangkan bilangan permanganat meningkat. Kekuatar tarik, duya regang dan panjang putus meningkat sebaliknya faktor letup menurun. Kondisi pemasakan campuran yang optimum ialah 1 persen belerang dan 20 persen campuran kayu-kayu daun lebar lainnya.
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Judul: Distribution and Diversity of Ectoparasite Mites on Geckos in Indonesia
Abstrak: Data on the diversity and dispersal of parasitic mites on house geckos in Indonesia are very scarce. In this work, the distribution and diversity of mites living on three species of house geckos, namely Cosymbotus platyurus, Hemidactylus frenatus, and H. garnotii collected throughout Indonesia, has been elaborated. Geckos and mites were captured and immediately preserved in 70% ethanol. Whole mount of the mites was prepared by clearing in lactophenol followed by mounting on polyvinyl lactophenol solutions. The SEM preparation was conducted to examine the detail morphological characters of the mites. The results showed that among 448 individuals of geckos, 221 geckos were infected by Geckobia mites. Prevalences of C. platyurus, H. frenatus, and H. garnotii infested by mites were 14.8%, 50.69%, and 79.6%, respectively. Three different spesies of Geckobia (G1, G2, and G3) could be differentiated; and based on similarities of their morphological characters to ones described in published literatures, Geckobia G2 is Geckobia glebosum and Geckobia G3 is Geckobia bataviensis while G1 could not be identified to the species level. The highest mean intensity of Geckobia G1 infestation was found on H. garnotii (I=7.0), G. glebosum infestation on H. frenatus (I=3.5), and G. bataviensis infestation on H. garnotii (I=11.8). In general, C. platyurus was infested by the least number of mites. Geckobia G1 were found living on the skin folds on the claws, G. glebosum were found mainly on the body and thigh, and G. bataviensis were found on almost all parts of the host’s body. Geckobia mites are distributed randomly throughout Indonesian Archipelago, following the pattern of distribution of their hosts. So it is concluded that Geckobia G1, G. glebosum, and G. bataviensis are sympatric.
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