Judul: Supplementation of Thymol in the diet to Enhance Growh Performance of Stripped Catfish (P.hypopthalmus)
Abstrak: Budidaya ikan patin (Pangasius sp.) memiliki kendala pertumbuhan lambat untuk mencapai ukuran konsumsi. Salah satu bahan yang dapat digunakan untuk mempercepat pertumbuhan ikan adalah thymol. Tujuan penelitian ini mengevaluasi suplementasi thymol dosis berbeda (0%, 0,1%, 0,2% dan 0,3%) pada pakan dengan masing-masing empat ulangan, selama 60 hari terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan ikan patin. Benih ikan patin yang digunakan memiliki bobot 2,12 ± 0,03 g dan panjang 6,61 ± 0,03 cm. Ikan dipelihara di waring berukuran 2 x 1 x 1 m3 dan ketinggian air 50 cm dengan kepadatan 30 ekor m-3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai biomassa akhir ikan patin yang diberi pakan dengan suplementasi thymol 0,3% lebih tinggi dibandingkan perlakuan kontrol (p<0,05), namun nilai laju pertumbuhan spesifik, tingkat kelangsungan hidup dan hepatosomatic index tidak berbeda nyata. Pemberian thymol dosis 0,3% dapat menurunkan nilai rasio konversi pakan, retensi lemak, retensi protein dan protein efficiency ratio lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakukan kontrol (p<0,05). emberian thymol dengan dosis 0,3% pada pakan dapat meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan ikan patin., Catfish (Pangasius sp.) cultivation has a slow growth constraint to reach consumption size. One of the ingredients that can be used to accelerate fish growth is thymol. The aim of this study was to evaluate different doses of thymol supplementation (0%, 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3%) in feed with four replications for 60 days on growth performance of catfish. The catfish seeds used have a weight of 2.12 ± 0.03 g and a length of 6.61 ± 0.03 cm. Fish are reared in the waring measuring 2 x 1 x 1 m3 and the water level is 50 cm with a density of 30 m-3. The results showed that the final biomass value at a dose of 0.3% was higher than the control treatment, the specific growth rate, survival rate and hepatosomatic index were not significantly different from the control treatment (p>0.05), the administration of thymol dose was 0.3%. can reduce the value of the feed conversion ratio and significantly different fromother treatments. Fat retention at a dose of 0.3% showed a higher value compared to other treatments besides that the protein retention value and protein efficiency ratio at a dose of 0.3% were higher than that of the control treatment (p <0.05). Giving thymol at a dose of 0.3% in feed can increase the growth performance of catfish
Keyword: Catfish, Growth performance, Thymol

Judul: Thymol supplementation in feed to improve growth performance of carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Abstrak: Ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio) merupakan salah satu ikan air tawar yang memiliki banyak peluang dalam hal pengembangan untuk potensi pasar yang terus meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi performa pertumbuhan ikan mas yang diberi pakan dengan berbagai dosis penambahan thymol. Penelitian ini menggunakan lima perlakuan, penambahan thymol pada dosis 0%, 0,1%, 0,2%, 0,4%, dan 0,8% ke dalam pakan. Setiap perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Benih ikan mas dengan bobot 3,230,00 g dipelihara di waring berukuran 2 x 1 x 1 m3 dan ketinggian air 50 cm dengan kepadatan 50 ekor m-3. Ikan dipelihara selama 60 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian thymol meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan ikan, yang meliputi laju pertumbuhan spesifik, bobot akhir, protein efisiensi rasio dan rasio konversi pakan untuk kemudian. Pemberian thymol sebesar 0,4% dalam pakan menghasilkan nilai kinerja pertumbuhan yang maksimal pada ikan mas. Di sisi lain, nilai kelangsungan hidup ikan meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan kadar thymol di pakan. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa dosis optimal penambahan thymol di dalam pakan untuk ikan mas adalah sebesar 0,4%., Carp fish (Cyprinus carpio) is a freshwater fish that has many opportunities in terms of development for an ever-increasing market potential. This study aims to evaluate the growth performance of carp fed with various doses of thymol addition. This study used five treatments, adding thymol at doses of 0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.8% to feed. Each treatment was repeated three times. Goldfish fry weighing 3.23±0.00 g were reared in nets measuring 2 x 1 x 1 m3 and a water level of 50 cm with a density of 50 fish m-3. Fish kept for 60 days. The results showed that the administration of thymol increased the growth performance of fish, which included specific growth rate, final weight, protein efficiency ratio and feed conversion ratio. Giving thymol at 0.4% in feed resulted in maximum growth performance values in carp. On the other hand, the survival value of fish increases with increasing levels of thymol in the feed. From this study it can be concluded that the optimal dose of adding thymol in feed for carp is 0.4%.
Keyword: Carp, fish, growth, thymol

Judul: Metrik Einstein (Anti-) Self-Dual Berdimensi Empat dengan Metode Cartan
Abstrak: Gravitational field equation can be formulated in differential forms (differential geometry), which describes gravity as a manifestation of the curvature of space-time. Curvature of space-time is characterized by a metric that satisfies the gravitational field equation. With differential forms it can be formulated the (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation, which is a modification of the Cartan structure in (anti-) self-dual basis. Calculation of (anti-) self-dual metric with (anti-) self-dual Einstein equation is simpler than the calculation using Christoffel symbols.
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