Judul: Rumput dan kacangan makanan sapi dan kerbau di Bali
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui macam jenis rumput dan kacangan makanan sapi dan kerbau yang tumbuh di Bali. Penelitian dilakukan pada 156 lapangan contoh, dari 15 Juli 1980 sampai 30 Nopember 1980, dengan menggunakan metoda transek dan kuadrat titik. Di Bali dijumpai 44 jenis rumput dan 20 jenis kacangan yang dijadikan bahan makanan sapi dan kerbau. Deskripsi masing-masing jenis telah diuraikan. Empat puluh jenis dari rumput tersebut tergolong suku Poaceae dan empat jenis lainnya tergolong suku Cyperaceae. Jenis-jenis Brachiaria reptans Gardn, Chloris barbata Swartz, lacryma-jobi Jobs-Tears, Cyrtococcum patens A.Camus. Dactyloctenium aegyptium Beauv., Eragrostis amabilis 0.K., Pogonatherum paniceum Hack., dan Themeda arguens Hack, hanya terdapat di tanah tegalan, sedangkan Echinochloa colonum Link, Echinochloa stagnina Beauv., Eragrostis uniloides Nees, Paspalum vaginatum Swartz dan Setaria lutescens Hubb., hanya terdapat di pematang sawah. Jenis­ jenis kacangan sebagian besar tumbuhnya di tanah tegalan, dan hanya Alysicarpus vaginalis DC., Desmodium reniforme DC., Desmodium triflorum DC., Smithia sensitiva W.Ait dan Vigna hose Back., yang tumbuh di tanah tegalan ataupun di pematang-pematang sawah. Jenis-jenis kacangan terutama tergolong suku Papilionaceae, hanya Cassia obtusifolia L., yang tergolong suku Caesalpiniaceae.
Keyword: Grass;, Legumenosa;, Animal nutrition;, Bogor Agricultural University;

Judul: Kecernaan Ransum yang Mengandung Hijauan Kara Rawe (Mucuna bracteata) dan Biji Kara Benguk (Mucuna pruriens) pada Sapi Bali
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur nilai kecernaan (in vivo) pada sapi Bali yang mengkonsumsi hijauan kara rawe (Mucuna bracteata) dan biji kara nenguk (Mucuna pruriens) sebagai imbuhan pakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan fancangan acak kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri atas sembilan ekor sapi Bali jantan dan dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok berdasarkan perbedaan bobot badan. Perlakuan Lansum yang diberikan yaitu: PO (15% jerami padi + 85% konsentrat), P1 (15% Eara rawe + 85% konsentrat), dan P2 (15% kara rawe+ 69% konsentrat + 16% Kara benguk). Peubah yang diukur adalah kecernaan bahan kering, kecernaan bahan organik, kecernaan protein kasar, kecernaan lemak kasar, kecernaan serat Kasar dan kecernaan energi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelompokkan bobot badan dan perlakuan pemberian hijauan kara rawe dan biji Kara benguk tidak berpengaruh terhadap semua peubah yang diukur. Simpulan Jari penelitian ini yaitu hijauan kara rawe dan kara benguk berpotensi sebagai sumber bahan baku pakan sapi Bali tanpa menurunkan kecernaan…
Keyword: Bali cattle, Digestibility, Rawe forage (Mucuna bracteata), Velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens), Rawe forage, Rice straw, Crude fiber, Crude protein, Crude lipid, Serat kasar, Protein kasar

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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