Judul: Metode hough transform untuk ekstraksi ciri bentuk pada citra bunga
Abstrak: Ekstraksi ciri merupakan suatu proses yang sangat penting dalam proses temu kembali citra berbasis informasi seperti warna, bentuk dan tekstur. Penelitian ini mengimplementasikan metode Hough transform untuk mengekstraksi ciri bentuk citra bunga melalui dua pendekatan yaitu lingkaran dan elips. Penelitian ini juga menggabungkan ciri bentuk hasil dari Hough transform dengan ciri warna pada citra menggunakan metode fuzzy color histogram (FCH) di dalam proses temu kembali. Penelitian membandingkan hasil temu kembali metode Hough transform dengan penambahan ciri warna dari FCH. Evaluasi terhadap hasil temu kembali dilakukan menggunakan rataan precision untuk setiap tingkat recall. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, metode Hough transform menggunakan pendekatan lingkaran memiliki hasil temu kembali dengan rataan precision mencapai 26%. Metode Hough transform menggunakan pendekatan elips memiliki rataan precision mencapai 23%. Penambahan ciri warna FCH 25 bin dapat meningkatkan rataan precision hingga dua kali lipat. Metode Hough transform lingkaran dengan FCH memiliki rataan precision mencapai 44% dan untuk Hough transform ellipse mencapai 46%.
Keyword: content based image retreival, feature extraction, hough transform, fuzzy color histogram, canny edge detector

Judul: Metode Fuzzy Color Histogram untuk temu kembali citra bunga
Abstrak: Citra bunga memiliki bentuk dan warna yang sangat beragam. Hal ini menyebabkan sulitnya dilakukan pencarian citra bunga. Ekstraksi warna merupakan salah satu proses yang paling penting pada temu kembali berbasis citra. Penelitian ini akan mengimplementasikan metode fuzzy color histogram (FCH) untuk pengindeksan warna citra bunga. Penelitian ini mengembangkan penggabungan teknik fuzzy c-means (FCM) untuk FCH. Sebagai bahan perbandingan, penelitian juga menggunakan pendekatan FCH menggunakan fungsi Cauchy untuk menghasilkan matriks derajat keanggotaan. Penelitian ini juga membandingkan hasil temu kembali metode FCH dengan conventional color histogram (CCH). Evaluasi hasil temu kembali menggunakan rataan precision untuk tiap tingkat recall. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, metode FCH menggunakan FCM memiliki hasil temu kembali dengan rataan precision mencapai 73%, metode FCH dengan fungsi Cauchy memiliki rataan precision 72%, sedangkan pada CCH nilai rataan precision mencapai 70%. Kata Kunci: flower image retrieval, conventional color histogram, fuzzy color histogram, fuzzy c-means, cauchy function.
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Judul: Responses on Performance and Minerals Digestibility by Novel Consensus Bacterial 6-Phytase  Variant (PHY-G) Supplementation in Broiler Diet
Abstrak: Plant feedstuffs normally contain phytic acid which poorly hydrolized by monogastric especially broiler. Further, 80% of phosphorus (P) in plant feedstuff is complexed with phytic acid. In that case, high amount of inorganic P sources is needed to fulfill P requirement. Since it has capability to bind with some nutrients such as bi- or trivalent minerals and amino acids then phytase is widely utilized in poultry feed to improve the nutrient digestibility. Today, the use of 500-1000 FTU phytases in poultry feed is widely applied by feed industry and its capability releasing phytate-bound phosphorus is very well documented. Novel consensus bacterial 6-phytase variant (PHY-G) is newest 6-phytase derived from bacterial phytase gene Buttiauxella sp. expressed in Trichoderma reesei with enhanced functionality for better phytic acids degradation. The present research was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of PHY-G in different doses (1000, 1500 and 2000 FTU/kg) on high phytic acids content diets which at least contained 0.30% Phytate-P. A total 3,675 male broilers Indian River/IR (105 pens, 35 birds/pen) were provided mixed grain diets in seven treatments with fifteen replications, they were divided into two phases of rearing which were starter (1 – 21 d) and finisher (22 – 35 d). Treatments were positive control (PC) using standard diet following IR’s nutrient requirement, negative control 1 (NC1) with nutrient reduction at 0.21 percent unit calcium (Ca), 0.21 percent units available phosphorus (AvP), 0.34 percent unit crude protein (CP) and 66 kcal/kg AME, NC2 with nutrient reduction at 0.23 percent unit Ca & AvP, 0.45 percent unit CP and 75 kcal/kg AME, followed by NC3 with nutrient reduction at 0.24 percent unit Ca & AvP, 0.52 percent unit CP and 79 kcal/kg AME. PHY-G supplementation with dose 1000, 1500 and 2000 FTU/kg on top of NC1, NC2 and NC3 respectively. PHY-G supplementation at any level significantly improved body weight gain/BWG and corrected FCR/McFCR (P<0.05) on starter (1,083 – 1,093 g/bird) and overall phase (2,482 – 2,532 g/bird) compared to any NCs (1,063-1,084 g/bird on starter and 2,387 – 2,398 g/bird on finisher). No significant different were observed on mortality of all treatments but PHY-G supplementation significantly improved (P<0.05) broiler index/BI (444 - 463) versus NCs (427 - 430) and able to maintain it equivalent to PC (455). Toe ash was significantly improved (P<0.05) by all doses of PHY-G (13.28 – 13.56%) compared to NC (12.3 – 12.7%). Apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of Ca was not affected by PHY-G but 1000, 1500 and 2000 FTU/kg PHY-G supplementation significantly improvemed on AID of P (P<0.05) which were 64.97%, 75.60% and 78.29% compared to NCs (42.64%, 48.88% and 46.17% for NC1, NC2 and NC3 respectively). This These data indicated that PHYG supplementation effectively improved broiler growth performance, bone mineralization and P digestibility at any level of dose on high content of phytic acid in the diets.
Keyword: broiler, growth performance, phytase, phytic acid, toe ash