Judul: Perubahan penggunaan lahan dalam hubungannya dengan aktivitas pertambangan di Kabupaten Bangka Tengah
Abstrak: This research has been performed in order to evaluate the landuse change in Bangka Tengah Regency and it association with tin mining activities and to access the pattern and driving forces of the landuse change. Multitemporal remote sensing data were used to analyze the dynamics of land use changes. Landsat satellite images of 2000, 2004 and 2010 were used to interprete ten classes of land use using the Geographical Information System (GIS) and Multiple Regression Analysis were used to access the driving force of the landuse change. The results show many changes among the land use in the year between 2000 and 2010. The highest rate of changes is observed in estate area which increased by 6 612.50 ha per year. The lowest rate of changes is observed in shrub area which decreased by 7 062.50 ha per year. Tin mining area increased by 8.1% per year (1 315 ha per year) and on the other hand forest decreased by 4.9% per year (601 ha per year) in the year between 2000 and 2010. In this case, index of regional growth and tin reserves is the significant factor that caused changes in land uses.
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Judul: Spatial pattern analysis of public tin mining as a suggestion in determination of spatial arrangement policy in bangka district
Abstrak: Recently small scale tin mining (Inconventional Mining) is an alternative activity for some communities in Bangka District. The activity may create positive impact through providing high income, but incontrast, it may create negative impacts such as environmental degradation, social change, and spatial inapropriate utilization regarding its spatial planning and carrying capacity. The objectives of this research were : 1) To describe inconventional tin mining location in Bangka District, 2) To inform socio-economic community due to inconventional tin mining, 3) To know possibility of area utilization discrepancy due to inconventional tin mining, and 4) to provide suggestions to Bangka District Government in spatial arrangement policy in relation to inconventional tin mining activity. Generally, the research methods used GIS and description analysis. The spatial data base was derived from GIS analysis such as digitations, correction, and integration of spatial data and attribute. Analysis for inconventional mining location was conducted through overlay process, legal location mining status identification, total amount and SD value of quarry mining, mining distance category to subdistrict, and scoring. GIS analyses were implemented to identify the discrepancy of area utilization, inconventional mining distribution regarding with land use, and spatial utilization, and description analysis to community socio-economic condition.
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Judul: Excretory/secretory antigen of ascaridia galli L3 stage to trigger yolk immunoglobulin in laying hens
Abstrak: Ascaridiosis caused by the nematode Ascaridia galli. A study was carried out to characterize excretory/secretory antigen of A. galli from larval stage to trigger anti-ascaridiosis yolk immunoglobulin in laying hens. A. galli L3 were recovered from intestines of 100 heads chickens 7 days after oesophagus inoculation with 6000 L2. L3 recovered in this manner were cultured (5 – 10 ml-1) in flasks containing rosswell park memorial institute (RPMI) 1640 media, pH 6.8, without phenol red. Cultures were incubated at 370C in 5% CO2 and culture fluid was collected after 3 days in culture. To prepare excretory/secretory antigen, culture medium were concentrated with vivaspin 30.000 MWCO, and antigen protein concentration were counted as described in Bradford method. The molecular weight of excretory/secretory antigen was determined with sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE). Active immunizations were applied intra muscularly of chickens with an initial dose of 80 μg. The immunizations were repeated three times with dose of each 60 μg with an interval of one week. The first immunizations were excretory/secretory antigen mixed with fruend adjuvant complete and subsequently mixed with freund adjuvant incomplete. The chicken’s eggs were collected from 49 day after immunizations. Anti-ascaridiosis yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) was extracted from egg yolks by means of ammonium sulphate and purified using fast performance liquid chromatography (FPLC). The purity of anti-ascaridiosis IgY was determined by Bradford method (λ = 280 nm). Antibody was detected by agar gel precipitation test (AGPT) and enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). Antigen were detected with immunohistochemistry. Chickens were challanged with dose of 1000 L2 A. galli. Passive immunizations were applied ten times with dose of each 0,875 mg IgY with an interval of one day intra orally. IgY anti-ascaridiosis was tested against A. galli survival in vitro.
Keyword: Unggas, Isolasi dan karakterisasi antigen, Purifikasi imunoglobulin yolk, Pengukuran antibodi ayam petelur, Metode Imunohistokimia, Ascaridiosis