Judul: Analysis Of Education Inequality And Its Impact On Economic Growth In Riau Province.
Abstrak: Besides physical capital and labor, human capital is one of important factors in stimulating economic growth. Schultz (1962) is one of the pioneers who emphasizes the importance of human capital. Previous research tends to put human capital as an indirect factor in economic growth and it is incorporated with the advancement of technology. Mankiw et al. (1992) place human capital in the Solow model as a separate factor from physical capital and labor. Thomas et al. (2001) state that education indicators are less effective in describing educational inequality. Therefore, it needs other tools to measure education inequality. One emerging tools is education gini as a proxy of human capital inequality. Previous research linking human capital inequality and economic growth is still limited in the region levels. This study aims to fill the gap by analyzing the impact of human capital inequality in Riau Province. GDP per capita of Riau Province was the the sixth ranked in Indonesia in 2011 with the value about Rp 9 123 million. However this achievement was not followed by educational attainment. This is indicated by mean of school years in Riau Province below mean of school years Maluku Province (8.7 years). In fact he value of GDP per capita in Maluku Province was the second lowest compared to other provinces in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to: (1) calculate educational inequality in Riau Province; (2) analyze the impact of education inequality on economic growth in Riau Province. The area of this study covers 11 districts in Riau Province during 2005-2011. This study uses the raw data of National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas) conducted by the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), secondary data such as GDP by industry sector and other supporting data is also utilized. Method to answer the first objectives is gini index of education adopted from Thomas, et al (2001). The second objective is analyzed by using a static panel data regression analysis which the exogenous variable are gini education, mean of school years, population, ratio of road length and the share of industries to GDP. Results of gini education show that education inequality in Riau Province is relatively low over the period 2005-2011 as indicated by gini index below 0.3. Based on static panel data analysis with Fixed Effect Model (FEM). The study finds that education gini, ratio of road length and share of industrial sector to GDP are significant negatively affect on economic growth. This study suggests: (1) government policy is not only concern in educational attainment but also in education inequality, (2) further research can use other inequality measurement such as Theil index and atkinson index.
Keyword: Education inequality, economic growth, static panel data

Judul: Dampak Ketimpangan Gender terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Indonesia.
Abstrak: Gender is a difference behaviours between men and women are not determined by biological differences, but by the socio-cultural environment, politics and economics. Gender inequality persists in all aspects of life in Indonesia, there are gaps between the achievement of the benefits of development on women and men related to basic human needs for jobs, education, and health. This is despite the fact there is a fairly rapid progress in gender equality today. The nature and extent of discrimination varies in different regions / provinces. According to the United Nations Development Programme (2010), there is no one else in the area of third world countries women have enjoyed equal rights in the legal, social and economic. Gender inequality in education among other things, employment, access to resources, economic power, and political participation. Women bear the heaviest burden due to inequality, but inequality is detrimental basically everyone and ultimately harm the economy of a country. Indonesia is one country that is experiencing a rapid development in reducing disparities in education between men and women that is characterized by the narrowing gap between men and women in educational attainment levels. However, the level of productivity and labor force participation of women is still low. The role of women in development needs to be considered in national and regional development policies. Because of the increased role of women has a significant impact in breaking the vicious circle of poverty. Improvement of human quality of education of women in particular is an important issue because it determines the quality of life for future generations. The objectives of this research are to analyze the gender inequality in Indonesia by using Gender Development Index (GDI), to analyze the effect of gender gaps in education and employment (proxied by using gender gap in mean years of schooling and labor force participation) on economic growth. This research uses panel data from 30 provinces during 2003-2012. Gender inequality index is represented by a proxy of ratio GDI to HDI. Descriptive analysis results show that there are gender inequality, there are still distances between Human Development Index (HDI) and Gender Development Index (GDI). Econometric analysis with FEM (Fixed Effect Model) determines that there are positive and significant effect of education, female-male mean years of schooling, employment, female-male labor force participation, and gender inequality index on economic growth.
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Judul: Penggunaan kombinasi sulfadiazine-trimethoprim sebagai kemoterapi bordetella bronchiseptica pada anjing
Abstrak: Sulfadiazine-Trimethoprim merupakan kombinasi obat yang menghambat reaksi enzimatik pada dua tahap yang berurutan pada bakteri, sehingga kombinasi kedua obat memberikan efek sinergistik. Kombinasi obat ini efektif terhadap pengobatan infeksi bakteri Bordetella bronchiseptica pada anjing, karena bakteri ini sensitif terhadap kombinasi Sulfadiazine-Trimethoprim. Penularan penyakit respirasi pada anjing yang disebabkan oleh Bordetella bronchiseptica lewat udara secara cepat menular pada anjing lain. Morbiditasnya mencapai 50 persen. Penyakit ini sering dikenal dengan nama "Kennel Cough". Keberhasilan pengobatan terhadap infeksi bakteri Bordetella bronchiseptica pada saluran pernafasan anjing dengan menggunakan kombinasi Sulfadiazine-Trimethoprim dipengaruhi oleh cara aplikasi yang paling efektif dan dosis terapeutik. Pemberian dosis terapeutik 30 mg per kg berat badan per hari untuk selama 10 hari sampai 14 hari diharapkan dapat menyerang dan memusnahkan bakteri. Cara aplikasi yang paling efektif adalah secara parenteral.
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