Judul: Typology of Districts in Bogor Regency Based on Physical Development and Socio-Economic Conditions
Abstrak: Kabupaten Bogor menjadi bagian dari entitas wilayah megacity Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, dan Bekasi) dan wilayah satelit atau hinterland dari Jakarta. Pertumbuhan penduduk dan berbagai aktivitas mendorong peningkatan jumlah dan jenis fasilitas yang menjadi indikator dari perkembangan suatu wilayah. Hal ini menyebabkan Kabupaten Bogor memiliki potensi besar untuk mengalami perubahan tutupan lahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) menganalisis dinamika perubahan tutupan lahan; (2) menganalisis tingkat perkembangan wilayah tahun 2019 dan 2022; (3) menganalisis pengelompokan wilayah berdasarkan karakteristik fisik, sosial, dan ekonomi; dan (4) menganalisis tipologi wilayah berdasarkan indeks perkembangan kecamatan (IPK), indeks pembangunan manusia (IPM), dan persentase tutupan lahan. Data yang digunakan berupa peta tutupan lahan tahun 2019 dan 2022; peta administrasi; potensi desa 2019 dan 2022; dan data IPM tahun 2019 dan 2022. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis perubahan tutupan lahan dengan meng-overlay peta tutupan lahan, menganalisis tingkat perkembangan wilayah menggunakan skalogram, analisis tipologi klassen, dan tipologi klaster menggunakan k-means clustering. Hasil analisis tutupan lahan menunjukkan penurunan terbesar pada sawah dan pertanian lahan kering yang berubah menjadi lahan terbangun, terutama di Kecamatan Cibinong karena meningkatnya permintaan ruang yang dapat dilihat pada data eksisting jumlah fasilitas ekonomi yang mengalami peningkatan. Tingkat perkembangan wilayah di Kabupaten Bogor didominasi oleh kategori rendah hingga sangat rendah berdasarkan jumlah dan jarak fasilitas pendidikan, kesehatan, dan ekonomi. Analisis tipologi klassen menunjukkan kecamatan yang berkembang pesat dan yang mengalami kemunduran, Kabupaten Bogor didominasi berada di kuadran 3 dengan persentase lahan terbangun, IPK, dan IPM yang rendah. Tipologi wilayah mengelompokkan objek ke dalam kelompok yang homogen menjadi tiga kategori, yaitu bagian timur dan barat didominasi oleh perdesaan, bagian utara oleh perkotaan, dan suburban menyebar di Kabupaten Bogor., Bogor Regency is part of the megacity entity Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi) and serves as a satellite area or hinterland of Jakarta. Population growth and various activities increase the number and types of facilities, indicators of regional development. This situation gives Bogor Regency significant potential for land cover changes. This study aims to: (1) analyze the dynamics of land cover changes; (2) analyze the level of regional development in 2019 and 2022; (3) analyze regional grouping based on physical, social, and economic characteristics; and (4) analyze regional typology based on the District Development Index (IPK), Human Development Index (IPM), and land cover percentage. The data used includes land cover maps for 2019 and 2022, administrative maps, village potential data for 2019 and 2022, and IPM data for 2019 and 2022. The methods used are land cover change analysis by overlaying land cover maps, analyzing regional development levels using a scalogram, Klassen typology analysis, and cluster typology using k-means clustering. The land cover analysis results show the most significant decrease in rice fields and dry agricultural land converted into built-up areas, especially in Cibinong District, due to the increasing demand for space, which can be seen in the existing data on the number of economic facilities that have increased. The regional development level in Bogor Regency is dominated by the low to deficient category based on the number and distance of educational, health, and economic facilities. The Klassen typology analysis
Keyword: Indeks perkembangan kecamatan, Perubahan tutupan lahan, Tipologi klassen, Tipologi klaster

Judul: Analisis Perubahan Penggunaan Lahan, Pola Ruang dan Tingkat Perkembangan Wilayah di Kota Bogor
Abstrak: Bogor City is located 60 kms from the Indonesian Capital Jakarta and 120 kms from Bandung the capital of West Java Province. Strategic agricultural land and inexpensive land price have encouraged stakeholders to invest in agricultural sector and also non agricultural sector. Land use conversion is inevitable, although the goverment has set up the regulation to control land usage (Act No 26 year 2007). This research are conducted: (1) To analyze existing land use of Bogor City (land use in 2014). (2) To analyze the land use change in period of 2005-2012. (3) To analyze the consistency of existing land use compare to land allocation in the RTRW of Bogor City. (4) To identify regional development hierarchy level in Bogor City. (5) To determine factors that influencing land use change. This research was started with land usage map designing which retrieved from digitized result on administrative map 1: 5000 scales to ikonos image of Bogor City in years of 2005 and 2012. Consistency and inconsistency is obtained by overlaying land use map in 2012 and land allocation map of Bogor City years 2011-2031 (RTRW map). PODES is used to determine the regional hierarchy level by multiple regression method. Existing land use classified into 9 land use, in sequence from the largest one are: mixed garden, non-wellarrang ed settlement, paddy field, well arranged settlement, trade area, water body, dryland farm, open field and goverment office area. Dryland farm land use changes into 2 land use, open field land use change into 6 land use and paddy field land use change into 6 land use. The consistent existing land use compare to RTRW is 40.95% while inconsistence existing land use is 59.05%. During period of 2006 to 2012, most of regional development hierarchy in Bogor City are the relative constant hierarchy (42 villages/61.8%). 12 villages (17.6%) are increase in the hierarchy whilst 14 villages (20.6%) are decrease in the hierarchy. Factors that influencing land use change of Bogor City in period of 2005-2012 are: area of agricultural land in the years of 2005, social facilities growth, and economy facilities growth
Keyword: Spatial Plan., Regional Hierarchy, Land Use Inconsistency, Land Use Conversion

Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
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