Judul: Kajian Pemilihan Alternatif Penyiangan Gulma Padi Sawah
Abstrak: Salah satu upaya penting yang dilakukan dalam budidaya padi yaitu pemberantasan gulma atau biasa disebut penyiangan. Penyiangan secara konvensional memerlukan banyak tenaga kerja. Sementara itu jumlah penduduk Indonesia yang bekerja di sektor pertanian dari tahun ke tahun semakin berkurang dibandingkan sektor industri yaitu 42,05% (BPS, 2007). Penyiangan yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat baik semi mekanis maupun mekanis diharapkan mampu menangani permasalahan yang ada. Namun dalam penggunaan alat-alat tersebut perlu diperhatikan faktor manusia dan aktivitasnya sehingga dimungkinkan adanya suatu rancangan sistem manusia-mesin yang optimal. Selain fungsional, desain alat harus memperhatikan faktor keselamatan, kesehatan, keamanan, dan kenyamanan bagi manusia (operator).
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Judul: Kajian Pemilihan Alternatif Penyiangan Gulma Padi Sawah
Abstrak: One of the major problems in organic rice farming is weed eradication activity, or commonly called weeding. Conventional weeding is extremely time consuming work and require a lot of labor. Contrarily, the number of population working in agriculture sector has been decreasing over time in comparison to the industrial sector. To cope with this existing problem, switching from conventional to mechanical or semi-mechanical tools is needed for most agricultureal areas. However, the use of these tools should also take the human factor into consideration so that optimal human-machine system may be possible to be applied. In addition, the design of the equipment should also consider the safety and health as well as ergonomic factors of operator. The objective of the research was to find out the operator workload value and work effectiveness resulting from three weeding activities i.e. hand weeding, semi mechanical weeding and mechanical weeding. Research was conducted in the organic farmers rice fields in Situgede, West Bogor prefecture, Bogor city, West Java. Semi-mechanical weeding involved two types of weeder, namely local gasrok-weeder type (Indonesian weeder) and Japanese roller-weeder type. In order to determine the most appropriate weeding type, the technical (including ergonomics), economic and environmental aspects of each weeding types were investigated. Various data were collected during the experiment such as: (i) weeding performance (manually, semi-mechanical and mechanical/power operated weeder); (ii) ergonomic parameters data (work load factor). Data processing was implemented in fuzzy logic–fuzzy inference system (FIS) for generating fuzzy rules operation. Model input consists of five parameters i.e. work capacity, weeding effectiveness, energy consumption, environment aspect and cost. A Mamdani FIS type with OR fuzzy operator (maximum function) was used to generate the rules for each treatment. The output is the maximum value resulted from 17 combinations rules for each weeder type. Based on the experimental results, the highest weeding performance was achieved by power weeder under flooded and muddy soil conditions. Workload measurements indicated energy requirement of all type (hand weeding, local gasrok weeder type, roller type and mechanical) that a value of energy consumption by female operator is highest than male operator. This is influences with heart rate value each operator. A value of heart rate by female operator is highest than male operator. It is mean that the muscular work of male operator is stronght. The muscular work is influences heart rate levels. For work capacity and weeding effectivity, the largest was achieved by power weeder. Based on weeding selection model using fuzy-FIS, the maximum output value was achieved by mechanical (Power weeder). However, their use should be adjusted to the level of ability, needs and goals to be achieved by user.
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Judul: Studi Kasus Liver Neoplasia pada Anjing Shih Tzu
Abstrak: Liver neoplasia is the excessive and uncontrolled replication of hepatocytes that forms nodules visible in ultrasonography. The purpose of this study is to study and discuss the characteristic, diagnosis and treatment of liver neoplasm through the interpretation of ultrasonography and hematology in a Shih Tzu dog. Ultrasonography is conducted with a Chison Q8 ultrasound machine with a 5 to 7 MHz frequency convex probe on lateral recumbency. The blood cells, liver enzymes and nodules sizes were the main parameters in this study. The results in the period of three years from 2021 to 2023 were interpreted and supported with secondary data sources. The Shih Tzu dog is 14 years old in the year 2023 with a body weight of 5.21kg. No obvious clinical signs were observed during previous examinations. However, lethargy, vomiting and anorexia were recorded in its latest examination. Thrombocytosis, granulocytosis, high liver enzymes and hypoglycemia, which are some of the neoplastic clinical manifestations were also presented by this patient. Besides, liver neoplasm, spleen neoplasm and biliary sludge were the sonogram findings of this patient. The liver and spleen neoplasm was observed stable, while the biliary sludge volume fluctuated. The treatment strategy recorded is Ondansetron, Samylin®, Ornipural and Ursodeoxycholic acid.
Keyword: Blood biochemistry profile, Hematology, Liver Neoplasia, Shih Tzu, Ultrasonography