Judul: Variasi DNA Kloroplas Shorea leprosula Miq. di Indonesia Menggunakan Penanda PCR-RFLP
Abstrak: Shorea leprosula is a member of Dipterocarpaceae that occurs predominately in tropical rain forests of Southeast Asia. Dipterocarps consists of many economical and ecologically important species. In this paper PCR-RFLP markers were used to observe cpDNA variation of Shorea leprosula in Indonesia. Leaf samples from individual plants were collected from 13 populations in Java, Sumatra and Kalimantan islands. cpDNA polymorphism was assessed using combination of 4 primers and 10 enzyme restrictions. The result showed that only rbcL-Alu I combination gave polymorphic bands. From these polymorphic bands, two haplotypes were identified, namely haplotype 1 as dominant haplotype in all populations and haplotype 2 , which was found only at Bukit Tigapuluh National Park and Concession Asialog in Sumatra, and Concession ITCIKU in Kalimantan.
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Judul: Variasi Kloroplas Shorea laevis Ridl. Di Kalimantan Berdasarkan Penanda Mikrosatelit
Abstrak: Shorea laevis Ridl. merupakan salah satu jenis penting dari famili Dipterocarpaceae ditinjau dari segi ekologi maupun ekonomi. Secara umum, S. laevis menyebar di Semenanjung Myanmar, Thailand, Semenanjung Malaysia, dan Indonesia (Sumatera dan Kalimantan). Penelitian ini menggunakan cpDNA dengan penanda mikrosatelit dan diamati alel serta lokus polimorfiknya yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi haplotipe cpDNA S. laevis di Kalimantan dan menduga keragaman cpDNA di dalam dan antar populasi S. laevis. Hasil analisis cpDNA berdasarkan penanda mikrosatelit terdapat empat multilokus haplotipe, yaitu A, B, C, dan D. Dua multilokus haplotipe ditemukan pada populasi Sari Bumi Kusuma dan dua multilokus haplotipe ditemukan di populasi ITCIKU. S. laevis memiliki nilai keragaman genetik (He) antara 0,046 - 0,128 dan nilai diferensiasi genetika (Gst) = 0,545. Hubungan kekerabatan terjauh dimiliki oleh populasi Sarpatim dengan Sari Bumi Kusuma, sedangkan populasi dengan jarak genetik terdekat adalah antara populasi Berau, Batu Ampar, Suka Jaya Makmur dan Bukit Bangkirai.
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Judul: Dynamic New Keynesian Model for Unemployment and Inflation Rate.
Abstrak: This paper deals with a scientific analysis of the equilibrium level of hiring, employment and unemployment. The basic model being used is a standard new Keynesian model, which states that utility function depends on consumptions and working hours. Utility maximization refers to a standard labour supply equation, with the marginal cost’s dynamics on new Keynesian model simply reflects movements in real wages and productivity. Furthermore, trade-off between output and inflation stabilization can be considered using the new Keynesian Phillips curve. Dynamic general equilibrium model is a model that can be used to study interactions between market imperfections and nominal rigidities, which is capable of overcoming the main shortcoming of the standard new Keynesian model. In the general equilibrium model there are three groups of the economy agents, namely households, firms and monetary authority. The results of this research science that bargaining processes between firms and workers will yield optimal wage. Increase in labour will cause wages to fall, but the unemployment rate can be reduced. An increase in the firm’s monopoly power will shift the labour demand curve downward, which will reduce the number of workers that firm is willing to hire for any given bargained wage.
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