Judul: Pengaruh Multi-streaming dan Congestion Window pada SCTP terhadap Kinerja Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET)
Abstrak: Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) is a connection-oriented transport layer protocol that provides reliable data transfer service an Internet Protocol (IP) network. The two main features of SCTP are multi-streaming and multi-homing. Multi-streaming allows multiple streams to send data; if one stream fails, only part of the data is lost and needs to be resent. Multi-homing is a feature that allows multiple IP addresses at one endpoint to ensure that failures do not bring the transmission to a total halt. This research was performed using Network Simulator (NS-2) to analyze multi-streaming and congestion window effect in Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET). Mobile ad hoc networks were formed dynamically by an autonomous system of mobile nodes that were connected via wireless links in absensce of network infrastructure or centralized administration. The metrics which evaluated in this simulation were throughput, delay, and packet loss ratio. As a result, delay value is reduced only when the addition of congestion window up to 2 * MTU. Increasing the above 2 * MTU will actually add value to the delay. SCTP quality was good enough for delay-sensitive application, because the delay was less than 4 seconds.
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Judul: Effect of Multi-Streaming on SCTP to Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) Performance.
Abstrak: Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) is a connection-oriented transport layer protocol that provides reliable data transfer service an Internet Protocol (IP) network. The two main features of SCTP are multi-streaming and multi-homing. Multi-streaming allows multiple streams to send data; if one stream fails, only part of the data is lost and needs to be resent. Multi-homing is a feature that allows for multiple IP addresses at one endpoint to ensure that failures don’t bring the transmission to a total halt. This research performed on Network Simulator (NS-2) to analyze multi-streaming effect in Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET). Mobile ad hoc networks were formed dynamically by an autonomous system of mobile nodes that were connected via wireless links in absensce of network infrastructure or centralized administration. The metrics which evaluted in this simulation were throughput, delay, and packet loss ratio. As a result, maximum stream number was different according to the receiver window size. If receiver buffer size was small, head-of-line blocking would be more severe, so the link needed an additional number of streams. If the receiver had enough buffer size to store many packets while waiting on a lost packet, it did not need additional streams. SCTP quality was good enough because the delay we got less than 4 seconds. For getting good streaming quality, the delay has to less than 4 or 5 seconds. Keywords : SCTP, MANET, multi-streaming, multi-homing, ad hoc, head-of-line blocking, receiver window.
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Judul: Reptarenavirus pada Ular Boidae dan Pythonidae pada Fasilitas Penangkaran di Pulau Jawa Bagian Barat
Abstrak: Inclusion body disease (IBD) pada ular boa dan piton merupakan penyakit virus fatal yang disebabkan oleh Reptilian arenavirus (Reptarenavirus). Penyakit ini telah menyebar hampir ke seluruh dunia, namun belum ada informasi mengenai IBD di Indonesia meskipun telah dilakukan importasi ular dari negaranegara yang telah melaporkan IBD di penangkaran dan fasilitas eksitu lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeteksi Reptarenavirus pada populasi ular di beberapa fasilitas penangkaran di Indonesia serta optimisasi pengujian Reverse Transcription - Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) dengan menggunakan primer GP dan primer NP untuk mendeteksi virus tersebut. Sampel usap oral dan kloaka dari 50 ekor ular boa dan piton dikoleksi dan dilakukan pengujian RT-PCR menggunakan dua set primer yang menargetkan gen glikoprotein (primer GP) dan nukleoprotein (primer NP). Kedua primer yang digunakan menghasilkan produk dengan spesifitas tinggi, namun primer NP lebih sensitif daripada primer GP sehingga lebih tepat digunakan dalam uji skrining. Prevalensi infeksi Reptarenavirus pada ular sampel adalah sebesar 54% (27/50). Ular yang terdeteksi positif adalah mayoritas B. constrictor sehat (89%; 24/27), dua Morelia viridis sakit (7%; 2/27) dan satu Python regius sehat (4%; 1/27). Adanya infeksi subklinis Reptarenavirus dalam penelitian ini mengkonfirmasi peran ular boa sebagai karier potensial. Penelitian ini merupakan laporan pertama yang menunjukkan keberadaan Reptarenavirus pada ular boa dan piton pada penangkaran di Indonesia. Hal ini menyoroti pentingnya upaya preventif untuk melindungi populasi ular liar di alam.
Keyword: boa, Inclusion body disease, Reptarenavirus, Reverse Transcription– Polymerase Chain Reaction, piton, sekuensing DNA