Judul: Variasi DNA Kloroplas Shorea spp (Shorea acuminata Dyer, Shorea leprosula Miq dan Shorea parvifolia Dyer) Berdasarkan Penanda Mikrosatelit.
Abstrak: Shorea acuminata, Shorea leprosula, and Shorea parvifolia are members of the Diptecarpaceae family. They are ecologically and commercially important in the Southeast Asia region. In this present study, we used chloroplast microsatellites (cpSSR) to study the variation within and among Shorea species populations and the distribution of chloroplast DNA haplotypes of Shorea species. Based on chloroplast microsatellite analysis, the following diagnostic haplotypes were detected; namely haplotype A, C, and D for S. leprosula, S. parvifolia, and S. acuminata, respectively. In general, haplotype variation of cpSSR was low in this studies. The highest within population variation of cpSSR was observed in S. acuminata. The highest genetic differentiation was detected in S. parvifolia (Gst = 0.58) followed by S. acuminata (Gst = 0.31) and S. leprosula (Gst = 0.14). The haplotypes distribute evenly among different populations and between islands, and do not correspond with geographical separation among populations and islands. Some haplotypes from one species were shared by other species, indicating the possibility of gene flow via interspecific hybridization, that occurred currently and/or in the past. Introgressive hybridization probably occurred among Shorea species due to co-existance in the forest stands and overlapping flowering times.
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Judul: Variasi Kloroplas Shorea laevis Ridl. Di Kalimantan Berdasarkan Penanda Mikrosatelit
Abstrak: Shorea laevis Ridl. merupakan salah satu jenis penting dari famili Dipterocarpaceae ditinjau dari segi ekologi maupun ekonomi. Secara umum, S. laevis menyebar di Semenanjung Myanmar, Thailand, Semenanjung Malaysia, dan Indonesia (Sumatera dan Kalimantan). Penelitian ini menggunakan cpDNA dengan penanda mikrosatelit dan diamati alel serta lokus polimorfiknya yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi haplotipe cpDNA S. laevis di Kalimantan dan menduga keragaman cpDNA di dalam dan antar populasi S. laevis. Hasil analisis cpDNA berdasarkan penanda mikrosatelit terdapat empat multilokus haplotipe, yaitu A, B, C, dan D. Dua multilokus haplotipe ditemukan pada populasi Sari Bumi Kusuma dan dua multilokus haplotipe ditemukan di populasi ITCIKU. S. laevis memiliki nilai keragaman genetik (He) antara 0,046 - 0,128 dan nilai diferensiasi genetika (Gst) = 0,545. Hubungan kekerabatan terjauh dimiliki oleh populasi Sarpatim dengan Sari Bumi Kusuma, sedangkan populasi dengan jarak genetik terdekat adalah antara populasi Berau, Batu Ampar, Suka Jaya Makmur dan Bukit Bangkirai.
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Judul: Rancang Bangun Alat Pengukur Intensitas Hujan Dengan Metode Jungkat-Jungkit Berbasis Sensor Medan Magnet UGN3503.
Abstrak: This research has been done on making rain intensity gauge using a magnetic field sensor UGN3503. Sensor UGN3503 can detect the magnetic field on its surface. The sensor is placed above a seesaw that was inserted magnet. The magnet used is Neodymium magnet is a type of permanent magnet with stongest magnetic field compared to other types of fixed magnetic field magnets. When the seesaw discards rainwater, the distance between sensor and magnet is closer and causing the keluaran voltage of the sensor increases. The keluaran voltage of the sensor is compared with a reference voltage by the comparator so that the sensor keluaran data is in digital form and ready to be processed. As the processing and sending of data used ATmega16 microcontroller, microcontroller take sensor data once every 100 ms and display data to the LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) 16x2. Every 30 minutes the data is processed into the rain intensity is then stored into a computer.
Keyword: rain intensity, seesaw, comparator, microcontroller, sensor UGN3503.