Judul: Pengoptimuman ekstraksi dan fase gerak kromatografi lapis tipis untuk pemisahan komponen seledri
Abstrak: Pengoptimuman fase gerak pada kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) dan kondisi ekstraksi merupakan salah satu cara mendapatkan pemisahan komponen yang baik dan sebagai langkah awal analisis sidik jari. Kondisi ekstraksi perlu dioptimumkan terlebih dahulu untuk mengisolasi komponen kimia dari tanaman obat dengan jumlah yang maksimum dengan membandingkan dua teknik ekstraksi (maserasi dan sonikasi), kemudian dianalisis dengan fase gerak optimum. Validasi metode seperti stabilitas, spesifisitas, presisi, dan ketangguhan digunakan agar dapat mengidentifikasi seledri secara cepat dan terpercaya. Kombinasi pelarut yang dapat menghasilkan profil pemisahan komponen seledri dengan baik adalah kloroform:diklorometana dengan nisbah 75:25. Teknik ekstraksi terbaik untuk mengisolasi komponen kimia pada seledri dalam waktu yang relatif singkat ialah ekstraksi sonikasi. Kondisi optimum ekstraksi sonikasi berdasarkan rancangan central composite adalah pada waktu ekstraksi 10 menit, bobot sampel 0.8726 g, dan volume pelarut 1.59 mL pada deteksi ultraviolet 366 nm. Semua kriteria validasi metode dapat diterima sehingga dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi seledri.
Keyword: Seledri, Kromatografi lapis tipis, Fase gerak, Analisis sidik jari, Bogor Agricultural University, Institut Pertanian Bogor, IPB

Judul: Optimisasi Fase Gerak dan Pereaksi Derivatisasi Kromatografi Lapis Tipis untuk Analisis Sidik Jari Tanaman Seledri
Abstrak: Sidik jari kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) dapat menunjukkan profil senyawa kimia pada tanaman obat, termasuk seledri. Analisis sidik jari KLT seledri sudah dilaporkan sebelumnya namun pita apigenin sebagai senyawa penciri tidak dapat terdeteksi. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan mengoptimumkan nisbah bahan:pelarut pada proses ekstraksi, fase gerak, dan pereaksi derivatisasi untuk analisis sidik jari KLT dengan menunjukkan apigenin sebagai senyawa penciri. Nisbah bahan:pelarut yang optimum adalah 3 g:10 mL. Fase diam berupa pelat silika gel F254 dan fase gerak kloroform:diklorometana:asam asetat (80:10:10) dapat memisahkan 16 pita dibawah sinar ultraviolet 366 nm setelah diderivatisasi dengan asam sulfat 10% v/v. Senyawa apigenin terdeteksi berupa pita biru pada Rf 0.23. Validasi metode menghasilkan pola pemisahan ekstrak seledri yang stabil selama kromatografi, dengan penyimpanan 3 jam pada pelat dan larutan, serta setelah visualisasi. Keterulangan pola pemisahan baik dengan %RSD 0.01-0.02 pada uji presisi dan 0.01-0.03 pada uji presisi antara, dan ketegaran yang baik terhadap penurunan jarak pengembangan dan perubahan jenis bejana kromatografi. Parameter validasi meliputi stabilitas, spesifisitas, presisi, dan ketegaran telah memenuhi kriteria.
Keyword: analisis sidik jari, apigenin, KLT, seledri

Judul: The Effects of Variance of Interest rate to Variance of Annuity Future Values
Abstrak: Time value of money is a concept that refers to the difference of the value of money due to time difference. The value of money for present time would not be the same as the value of money in the future. The value of money for present time is called as Present Value (PV) of the money and the value of money for future time is called Future Value (FV) of the money. Determination the value of money, for present and future time, depends on the time and rate of return. The value of money is determined by several factors such as inflation, fluctuation of interest rates, and government policy in securities and taxation. Due to fluctuation of the value of money we need a FV formulation, it is useful for knowing whether an investment can be profitable or not, and this information is useful also in budget analysis. Annuity is defined as a series of payments made for a specific period. The payment, fixed or varied, can be made at the beginning or at the end of the period. Annuity paid at the beginning of the period is called annuity-due and annuity paid at the end of the period is called immediate annuity-certain. The accumulated value of the annuity after few years later is called as a final value or a future value. Burnecki et al. (2003) have discussed about the FV of a fixed-rate annuity in which payments are made according to the arithmetic or geometric series. They have also examined FV for annuities in which payments are made according to arithmetic or geometric series with random rates of interest. This paper examines FV for annuity-due in which payments are made according to arithmetic or geometric series with interest rates as a random variable, which is normal distribution ,  . Future value formula is expressed in recursive form. FV for annuity-due which payments are made according to the arithmetic or geometric series with random rates of interest is calculated by theoretical way and simulation way. The random rates of interest is denoted as k k i  i  , where k i an independent random variable; i is a constant and k  is a random variable which has normal distribution ,  . By using the determined parameters, a sequence of random rates of interest are generated for theoretical calculation. Meanwhile for the simulation, the random rates of interest is generated 1000 times for the simulation. The generated data give mean value, variance, and standard deviation. Moreover, error of mean value, variance, and standard deviation from the theoretical and simulation results are calculated. Error calculation uses Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error (SMAPE). The smaller the value of SMAPE is the more accurate the simulation. The interest rate variances are varied from 0.000036 to 0.0001 to study the relationship between variance of rates of interest and variance of future value. The theoretical and simulation results show that when the variance of random rates of interest increases, then the variance of FV increases linearly. FV of the annuity-due in
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