Judul: The Impact of Macroeconomics Condition on Banking Performance in Indonesia
Abstrak: Beberapa penelitian menganalisis pengaruh kondisi makroekonomi terhadap kinerja perbankan, namun masih menghasilkan kesimpulan yang inkonsisten. Untuk itu, penelitian ini kembali menganalisis pengaruh kondisi makroekonomi terhadap kinerja perbankan berdasarkan lima indikator rasio kinerja keuangan, yaitu rasio profitabilitas, permodalan, efisiensi, risiko kredit, dan likuiditas di Indonesia dengan menggunakan pemodelan Autoregressive Distributes Lag (ARDL). Hasil estimasi menunjukan variabel-variabel makroekonomi memiliki hubungan atau keseimbangan jangka panjang dengan kelima indikator rasio kinerja perbankan. Dalam jangka panjang, rasio profitabilitas (ROA) dipengaruhi oleh nilai tukar. Rasio permodalan (CAR) dipengaruhi oleh IPI, inflasi, IHSG, dan harga minyak dunia. Rasio efisiensi (BOPO) dipengaruhi oleh IPI dan inflasi. Rasio risiko kredit (NPL) dipengaruhi oleh inflasi, nilai tukar, dan IHSG. Serta rasio likuiditas (LDR) dipengaruhi oleh nilai tukar, IHSG, dan harga minyak dunia. Pengaruh jangka pendek, rasio profitabilitas (ROA) dipengaruhi oleh IPI dan inflasi. Rasio permodalan (CAR) dipengaruhi oleh IPI, inflasi, dan IHSG. Rasio risiko kredit (NPL) dipengaruhi oleh IPI, inflasi, dan harga minyak dunia. Serta rasio likuiditas (LDR) dipengaruhi oleh inflasi, nilai tukar, dan IHSG., Several studied analyzed the impact of macroeconomics conditions on banking performance, but still yielded inconsistent conclusions. Therefore, this studied again analyzes macroeconomic conditions impact on banking performance based on five indicators of financial performance ratios, namely profitability, capital, efficiency, credit risk, and liquidity ratio in Indonesia used Autoregressive Distributes Lag (ARDL) modeling. The estimation results showed that macroeconomic variables had a long-term balance or relationship with the five banking performance ratio indicators. In the long run, profitability ratio (ROA) was affected by exchange rate. The capital ratio (CAR) was affected by IPI, inflation, IHSG, and oil price. The efficiency ratio (BOPO) was affected by IPI and inflation. The credit risk ratio (NPL) was affected by inflation, exchange rate, and IHSG. And the liquidity ratio (LDR) was affected by exchange rate, IHSG, and oil price. Short term effects, profitability ratio (ROA) was affected by IPI and inflation. The capital ratio (CAR) was affected by IPI, inflation, and IHSG. The credit risk ratio was affected by IPI, inflation, and oil price. And the liquidity ratio (LDR) was affected by inflation, exchange rate, and IHSG.
Keyword: ARDL, banking, macroeconomic conditions, performance ratio

Judul: Profitability Analysis of Conventional Banks and Islamic Banks in Indonesia Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Abstrak: Covid-19 memiliki dampak yang sangat besar dalam bidang ekonomi termasuk sektor perbankan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perkembangan rasio keuangan dan determinan yang memengaruhi profitabilitas bank konvensional dan bank syariah di Indonesia periode triwulan I-2019 hingga triwulan IV-2020. Sampel yang digunakan terdiri dari 10 bank konvensional dan 10 bank syariah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode data panel dengan ROA sebagai variabel dependen. Adapun variabel independen terdiri dari CAR, NPL/NPF, NIM/NOM, BOPO, LDR/FDR, pertumbuhan ekonomi, dan inflasi. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa CAR dan NIM berpengaruh positif dan signifikan, serta BOPO berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap ROA pada bank konvensional. Pada bank syariah, hanya NOM yang menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan terhadap ROA dengan arah positif., Covid-19 has a huge impact in the economic field including the banking sector. This research aims to analyze the development of financial ratios and determinants that affect the profitability of conventional banks and Islamic banks in Indonesia in the first quarter of 2019 to the fourth quarter of 2020. The sample used consisted of 10 conventional banks and 10 Islamic banks. The study used the panel data method with ROA as a dependent variable. The variables independents consist of CAR, NPL/ NPF, NIM / NOM, BOPO, LDR / FDR, economic growth, and inflation. The results of the data analysis showed that CAR and NIM had a positive and significant effect, and BOPO had a negative and significant effect on ROA on conventional banks. In Islamic banks, only NOM shows a significant influence on ROA in a positive direction.
Keyword: financial ratio, macroeconomic indicators, panel data, profitability, ROA

Judul: Sintesis Flavonol melalui 2’-Hidroksikalkon
Abstrak: Flavonol is a class of flavonoids commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Flavonol is very useful, especially in food sector and health. In this study, flavonol unsubstituted was successfully synthesized from an intermediate material 2’-hydroxychalcone. The 2’-hydroxychalcone was synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation method between o-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde using 4 different catalysts, namely KOH 60%, solid pellet of KOH-grinding technique, BF3-Et2O, and NaH in DMF. The KOH 60% was the best catalyst, giving the highest yield (57%). Afterward, the flavonol was synthesized in 1-stage oxidation cyclization of o-hydroxyacetophenone using Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction, giving 76%. The flavonol total yield from 2’-hydroxychalcone was 43%. All synthesized products were characterized by their melting points and their spectra. The success of the synthesis flavonol opens the way to synthesis of useful flavonol derivatives such as quercetin and kaempferol
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