Judul: Analysis of The Teachers' Needs for State Junior High School
Abstrak: Bila diamati secara makro jumlah guru sudah mencukupi tetapi bila diamati dan dianalisis secara mikro disuatu sekolah atau daerah terdapat berbagai masalah guru, salah satunya adalah masalah kelebihan dan kekurangan guru. Dampak dari permasalahan kelebihan dan kekurangan guru dapat mempengaruhi mutu pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan data mata pelajaran yang paling banyak kelebihan dan kekurangan guru untuk dilihat provinsi mana yang kelebihan dan kekurangan guru serta melihat sebaran guru-gum mata pelajaran dilihat dari kelebihan dan kekurangan guru SL 1P negeri dengan 10 mata pelajaran pada 27 provinsi di Indonesia dengan analisis korespondensi. Kelebihan guru mata pelajaran PPKN paling banyak dan kekurangan guru mata pelajaran Muatan Lokal paling banyak dibandingkan guru mata pelajaran lainnya. Provinsi Jawa Timur merupakan provinsi yang paling besar kelebihan guru mata pelajaran PPKN dan kekurangan guru mata pelajaran Muatan Lokal yang paling besar adalah Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Provinsi DK!, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Surnatera Selatan dan Kalimantan Barat tidak kelebihan guru mata pelajaran PPKN dan Provinsi Sumatera Barat tidak kekurangan guru mata pelajaran Muatan Lokal. Provinsi Sumatera Barat berasosiasi dengan kelebihan guru mata pelajaran !PS, IP A dan Muatan Lokal. Provinsi Aceh berasosiasi dengan kelebihan guru mata pelajaran Agama. Provinsi Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah dan Kalimantan Barat berasosiasi dengan kekurangan guru mata pelajaran Bahasa Inggris, Bahasa Indonesia, Pendidikan Jasmani dan Kesehatan, Matematika dan PPKN. Provinsi Sumatera Baral berasosiasi dengan kekurangan guru mata pelajaran Kerajinan Tangan dan Kesenian. Dari hasil ini dapat terlihat bahwa penyebaran guru-gum mata pelajaran SL 1P negeri antar provinsi belum merata, sehingga perlu dilakukan pembenahan.
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Judul: Analisis Ketaksesuaian Latar Belakang Pendidikan Guru dengan Mata Pelajaran SMA (Studi Kasus pada SMA Provinsi Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: Teachers are professional educators with the primary task of educating, teaching, guiding, directing, training, and evaluating students. There have been many efforts to increase the ability of teachers, one of which is to increase the academics qualification through minimum qualification of education that is S1/D4. Besides the issue of teachers qualification, there's the issue of mismatch between teachers education background with the subjects that they teachs. Mismatch analysis was used in this study to examine the mismatch issue in West Java Province. The selection of this region was based on the highest percentage of high school teachers in Indonesia, West Java has the highest percentage of 10.56 % teachers in Indonesia. Incomplete data is the data that is not filled by teachers. There are seven districts and cities having incomplete data which is excluded in this study. Mismatch index values are divided into four categories, which are Very Low, Low, Medium, and High. For all subjects that were taught in high school, regions which had high mismatch index include Sukabumi, Ciamis, Kuningan, Indramayu, Purwakarta, and Banjar. Whereas for each subject that had a high mismatch index include Anthropology, Regional Languages, Local Content, Sociology, Communication and Information Engineering. Teachers who teach in these five subjects require more attention, because the mismatch index is more higher than the other subjects
Keyword: Senior High School, West Java, Mismatch Analysis

Judul: Xylooligosaccharide production of corncobs as prebiotic candidate by high temperature heating and enzymatic hydrolysis.
Abstrak: Corncob waste is a rich xylan source that can be utilized as raw material for xylooligosaccharides (XOS) production. XOS is a potential prebiotic and has high economic value. Two corn varieties i.e. Bisi and Pioneer were first analyzed for its hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin contents and xylan yield to choose the corn variety to be studied. Process technology for XOS production was studied using available equipment such as oven. Xylooligosaccharide (XOS) from corncob was produced in two stages i.e. xylan extraction by heating at high temperatures in oven or autoclave as comparison, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis. Analysis of two corncob varieties showed that Pioneer variety contained higher hemicellulose content (34.98%) and xylan yield (18.32%) than Bisi variety (12.28% and 10.22%, respectively), therefore Pioneer variety was chosen as raw material for XOS production. Corncob particles were soaked in dilute acid (1 g/l H2SO4) for 12 h at 60 oC, filtered and washed with tap water and then heated in oven or autoclave. Before oven heating, The corncobs were added with water at various ratios (1:1 – 1:5) and then heated in oven at various temperature (130 oC, 140 oC, 150 oC for 0.5 h) and autoclave at 121oC for 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 h with one and two heating cycles. During heating, the total sugar and reducing sugar were increase, while the degree of polymerization was decrease. The results showed that heating in oven to extract the xylan was affected by the ratios of corncobs and aquadest and heating temperatures. Oven heating (130-150 oC) with optimum ratio of corncobs and aquadest (1:3) successfully increased the xylan content from 3.98% up to 18.21 – 19.46% while repeated heating cycle (two cycles) did not affect the xylan content. Heating the corncobs with aquadest (at the ratio of 1:3) in oven at 130 oC for 0.5 h produced 18.98% xylan and enzymatic conversion of the xylan by xylanase significantly increased the XOS content from 19.60% up to 44.06%. Heating the corncobs in autoclave (121 oC, 0.5 h) followed by enzymatic conversion produced higher XOS content (65.67%). The corncob XOS could stimulate the growth of Lactobacillus plantarum kik and Bifidobacterium longum ATCC 15707 by 1.2 until 1.7 unit log, indicating the prebiotic properties. Cookies prebiotic produced by addition of 5% (based on wheat flour) had higher hardness texture (1256 gf) than control without XOS (1067 gf).
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