Judul: Penentuan Waktu Standar dan Biaya Produksi Minyak Nyamplung (Studi Kasus di Koperasi Jarak Lestari, Cilacap)
Abstrak: Crude calophyllum oil is one of the raw materials for producing biodiesel that is aimed to replace diesel fuel thats supply has decrease. One of the aspect that must be concern in developing alternative energy is increasing productivity and supressing production cost. The aim of this study to determine standard time of production and production cost of crude calophyllum oil based on the standard time. The standard time that is needed to produce 1 liter of crude calophyllum oil is 179.06 minutes with a production cost as much as Rp 11 917. The results of this study shows crude calophyllum oil that is further processed to biodiesel not yet replace diesel fuel because of higher production cost. Therefore, crude calophyllum oil until now only be used for research and cosmetics ingredients.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), biodiesel, production cost, standard time, crude calophyllum oil

Judul: Evaluation of Technology Process of Calophyllum Oil Application as Biofuel on
Abstrak: Sebagai biofuel, penggunaan minyak nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) belum dapat diterapkan secara operasional karena harganya yang tinggi dan karakteristiknya belum sesuai dengan standar BBM. Masalah ini dapat diatasi dan diminimalisir melalui penggunaan teknologi proses yang baik dan sesuai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi teknologi proses aplikasi minyak nyamplung sebagai biofuel dan memilih teknologi proses terbaik. Teknologi proses terbaik ditentukan menggunakan metode perbandingan kelebihan dan kekurangan. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan produksi minyak nyamplung diawali dengan persiapan bahan baku menggunakan teknologi dan proses ekstraksi yang digunakan, yaitu teknologi ekstraksi menggunakan pelarut biner (campuran n-heksan dan metanol). Tahapan proses terpilih untuk memproduksi pure plant oil (PPO) adalah persiapan bahan baku, ekstraksi minyak dengan pelarut biner serta pemurnian dengan degumming dan netralisasi. Tahapan proses terpilih untuk memproduksi biodiesel adalah persiapan bahan baku, ekstraksi minyak dengan pelarut biner, degumming, esterifikasi, transesterifikasi, dan purifikasi kering. Proses terpilih untuk memproduksi biogasoline adalah hydrocracking. Proses terpilih lebih efisien, efektif, menghasilkan rendemen dan kualitas produk yang tinggi serta kompatibel diterapkan dalam skala industri. Produksi minyak nyamplung sebanyak 1180 kg/hari dan resin sebanyak 360 kg/hari dengan harga pokok produksi senilai Rp 34 714.23/kg. Rasio nilai tambah minyak sebagai bahan baku biofuel sebesar 52.11% dan tingkat keuntungan sebesar 45.62%., As a biofuel, the use of Calophyllum oil hasn’t been able to be applied operationally because of its high price and its unaccordance characteristics with fuel oil standard. This problem can be overcome and minimized by using good and appropriate processing technology. This research aims to evaluate the processing technology of Calophyllum oil application as biofuel on industrial scale, and to select the best processing technology. The best processing technology was determined by using the advantages and disadvantages comparison method. The evaluation results showed that the production of Calophyllum oil was started by preparation of raw materials using technology and the oil extraction using binary solvent of n-hexane and methanol mixture. The selected processing steps to produce pure plant oil (PPO) were the preparation of raw materials, the oil extraction with binary solvent, and the oil purification by degumming and neutralization. The selected processing stages to produce biodiesel were raw material preparation, oil extraction with binary solvent, degumming, esterification, transesterification, and dry purification. The selected process to produce biogasoline was hydrocracking. The selected process was more efficient, effective, produced high yield and product quality, and were compatible to be applied on industrial scale. The production of Calophyllum oil was at 1180 kg/day and resin at 360 kg/day with the price of production cost of IDR 34 714.23/kg. The added value of oil as raw material for biofuel was 52.11% and the profit was at 45.62%.
Keyword: biofuel, technology evaluation, oil, added value, Calophyllum

Judul: Pelabelan Super Vertex Magic
Abstrak: Super vertex magic labeling is labeling on graph with is a set of edges mapped into and is a set of vertices mapped into . It has a vertex magic labeling in which and represents the size and order of the graph respectively. This manuscript proves that paths, cyclics, and disjoint union of cyclics have a super vertex magic labeling. There are four theorems to be discussed. The first theorem proves that path is super vertex magic if and only if is odd and . The second theorem proves that cyclic is super vertex magic if and only if is odd. The third theorem proves that bijection function from an edge set onto of graph can be extended to a super vertex magic labeling if and only if the set amount of edge label that incidents with a vertex in the graph, consists of sequential integers as many as vertices in the graph. The fourth theorem proves that disjoint union of the cyclics consists of cyclics with each cyclic has vertices is super vertex magic if and only if and are odd.
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