Judul: Classification of Sidaguri’s Stem (Sida rhombifolia) Based on Different Cultivation Ages using LC-MS/MS Combined with Chemometrics
Abstrak: Sidaguri (Sida rhombifolia) merupakan jenis tanaman yang telah banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai obat tradisional karena kandungan metabolit bioaktif di dalamnya. Kandungan metabolit di dalam batang tanaman tersebut dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya adalah usia tanam. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi kandungan metabolit ekstrak batang spesies tersebut dengan usia tanam berbeda menggunakan LC-MS/MS dan dikelompokkan menggunakan principal component analysis (PCA). Sampel diekstraksi menggunakan metanol (LC-MS grade) dengan sonikasi. Sebanyak 21 senyawa teridentifikasi secara putatif pada ekstrak batang sidaguri dengan usia tanam 3, 4, dan 5 bulan. Senyawasenyawa tersebut termasuk ke dalam golongan asam fenolat, fenolik aldehida, alkaloid, steroid, flavonoid, kumarin, asam amino dan asam lemak. Berdasarkan hasil pengelompokan dengan PCA menggunakan variabel luas pita 21 metabolit yang teridentifikasi, ekstrak sidaguri mengelompok sesuai dengan usia tanam masing-masing dengan total plot skor sebesar 78%., Sidaguri (Sida rhombifolia) is a plant widely used as a traditional medicine because of its bioactive metabolite content. The metabolites in sidaguri were affected by some factors, such as cultivation age. This study aimed to identify metabolites based on diferrent cultivation ages and classify them using principal component analysis (PCA). Samples from 3, 4, and 5 months post planting were extracted using methanol (LC-MS grade) using sonication. Twenty-one metabolites were putatively identified from all extracts. These metabolites belong to phenolic acids, phenolic aldehydes, alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, coumarins, amino acids and fatty acids. Based on clustering result by PCA using 21 identified metabolites peak area, each extract was grouped according to cultivation ages with a total score plot of 70%.
Keyword: Sida rhombifolia, LC-MS/MS, metabolite profiling, PCA

Judul: Metabolite Profiling of Leaves Extracts of Sida rhombifolia L. with Different Planting Age Using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Abstrak: Sidaguri (Sida rhombifolia L.) adalah tanaman obat yang diyakini khasiatnya oleh masyarakat sebagai obat asam urat, antihipertensi, dan lain sebagainya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi komposisi metabolit bioaktif daun sidaguri. Analisis ekstrak daun sidaguri diklasifikasikan berdasarkan umur tanam tiga, empat, dan lima bulan menggunakan kromatografi cair-spektrometri massa (LC-MS/MS) dan dikelompokan menggunakan analisis komponen utama (PCA). Kromatogram LC-MS/MS diolah menggunakan perangkat lunak Thermo Scientific Xcalibur 4.2 dan Compound Discoverer 3.2. Analisis multivariat menggunakan perangkat lunak The Unscrambler X 10.4. Sebanyak 36 metabolit berhasil teridentifikasi dalam ekstrak. Metabolit tersebut termasuk dalam golongan alkaloid, asam fenolat, flavonoid, kumarin, steroid, dan golongan lain. Ekstrak daun sidaguri terkelompok ke dalam kelasnya masing-masing, yaitu umur tanam 3, 4, dan 5 bulan dengan total varians 77%., Sida rhombifolia L. (sidaguri) is a medicinal plant that is believed to be useful by the community as a gout drug, antihypertensive, and so on. This study aims to identify the composition of bioactive metabolites of sidaguri leaves. Analysis of sidaguri leaf extract was classified based on the planting age of three, four, and five months using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and grouped using principal component analysis (PCA). The LC-MS/MS chromatograms were processed using Thermo Scientific Xcalibur 4.2 and Compound Discoverer 3.2 software. Multivariate analysis using The Unscrambler X 10.4 software. A total of 36 metabolites were identified in the extract. These metabolites are included in the group of alkaloids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, coumarins, steroids, and other groups. Sidaguri leaf extracts were grouped into their respective classes, namely 3, 4, and 5 months of planting age with a total variance of 77%.
Keyword: LC-MS/MS, metabolit sekunder, PCA, Sida rhombifolia L., LC-MS/MS, PCA, Sida rhombifolia L., secondary metabolites

Judul: Dynamic New Keynesian Model for Unemployment and Inflation Rate.
Abstrak: This paper deals with a scientific analysis of the equilibrium level of hiring, employment and unemployment. The basic model being used is a standard new Keynesian model, which states that utility function depends on consumptions and working hours. Utility maximization refers to a standard labour supply equation, with the marginal cost’s dynamics on new Keynesian model simply reflects movements in real wages and productivity. Furthermore, trade-off between output and inflation stabilization can be considered using the new Keynesian Phillips curve. Dynamic general equilibrium model is a model that can be used to study interactions between market imperfections and nominal rigidities, which is capable of overcoming the main shortcoming of the standard new Keynesian model. In the general equilibrium model there are three groups of the economy agents, namely households, firms and monetary authority. The results of this research science that bargaining processes between firms and workers will yield optimal wage. Increase in labour will cause wages to fall, but the unemployment rate can be reduced. An increase in the firm’s monopoly power will shift the labour demand curve downward, which will reduce the number of workers that firm is willing to hire for any given bargained wage.
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