Judul: Morphology and Molecular Characteristics of Potentially Introduced and Invasive Species in Banda Neira
Abstrak: Spesies asing adalah spesies yang masuk ke dalam suatu ekosistem dimana sebelumnya spesies asing tersebut tidak ada di dalam suatu ekosistem. Spesies asing yang menimbulkan kerusakan di suatu ekosistem disebut spesies invasif. Penyebaran spesies invasif yang terus meningkat merupakan salah satu ancaman paling serius bagi keanekaragaman hayati di seluruh dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi spesies yang berpotensi sebagai spesies asing dan invasif di Banda Neira berdasarkan karakteristik morfologi dan molekuler. Pengambilan sampel biota dilakukan di 8 titik perairan di sekitar Banda Neira; 4 titik perairan di sekitar pelabuhan dan 4 titik perairan lainnya di sekitar lokasi ekosistem terumbu karang. Karakteristik morfologi diamati berdasarkan perbedaan morfologi eksternal yang terdapat pada sampel. Identifikasi molekuler menggunakan teknik DNA barcoding dan metode kekerabatan filogenetik. Karakteristik morfologi menunjukkan 6 kelompok taksonomi yang memiliki kemiripan morfologi dengan Placuna sp. (Moluska), Bugula sp. (Bryozoa), koloni Tunikata (Chordata), Caulerpa sp. (Chlorophyta), sponge hitam (Porifera) dan Megabalanus sp.. (Artropoda). Karakteristik molekuler berhasil mengidentifikasi 2 spesimen yaitu Placuna placenta dan Megabalanus sp. Hasil dari konstruksi pohon filogenetik menunjukkan adanya kekerabatan yang tinggi antara barcode dan sampel pada GenBank.
Keyword: Banda Neira, Spesies Invasif, Molekuler, Morfologi, Filogenetik.

Judul: Keanekaragaman Spesies Tumbuhan Asing Invasif di Resort Ranu Pani Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru
Abstrak: Invasive Alien Species (IAS) is species of flora or fauna, including the microorganisms that live out of the native habitat. The IAS are growing rapidly cause it doesn’t has natural enemy, therefore it becoming weeds, pests, and diseases on native species. This study conducted on forest and savanna in Ranu Pani Resort. Vegetation analysis in the forest was using combination of strip and line quadrat method. Five species of IAS that belong into 3 families are identified based on analysis result. Vegetation analysis in savanna was using quadrat method, and the result is 2 species of IAS was identified which is also found in the forest. Seven invasive species identified in this study and the result from Morishita index showed that 5 species has a clumped distribution patterns, there are Acacia decurrens, Ageratina riparia, Austroeupatorium inulifolium, Imperata cylindrica, and Tithonia diversifolia. Furthermore, the exploration result is 2 species of IAS has found, there are Ricinus communis and Lantana camara.
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Judul: Resonance technique HHO generator for internal combustion engine
Abstrak: Application of HHO gas as fuel had been generaly used. Though there was still controversy regarding its efficiency and efectiveness . In this research, hydrogen that hopefully could become an alternative renewable energy was produced by the electrolysis process. HHO was the mixture of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas that was formed in HHO dry generator. In HHO cell (dry) generator contained 10 cells, and each cell required 2.4 voltage. Furthermore, resonance DC application was evaluated to gain the better electrolysis efficiency. The test was held by using 2 level of electrolyte consentration, 0.178 M KOH and 0.446 M KOH. Each concentration was tested by 3 size of inductors, 8uH, 40uH, and 100uH. Not only single frequency was used, but modulatedfrequency was used also as well. In order to measure the improvement of resonance techinique application, specific energy was compared between using resonance technique and conventionaltechnique.Specific energy was calculated between output (mass of hydrogen) and input energy (watt hour). In this test,input of specific energy was measured in two condition:energy from the source (total) and energy in HHO generator only. From the test, it could be concluded that modulated frequency, by using40 Hz and 2405 Hz frequency, 100uH inductor, and 0.446 M OH, only 61% of total specific energy that was used in HHO generator. It needed23.91 watt hour energy (total) to produce 1 gram of hydrogen gas.On the other hand, the worst performance was happened in single frequency, 11270Hz, 8uH of inductor, and 0.178 KOH, where the loss of specific energy was 82%. The conventional technique only loosed about 0.5% of specific energy in 0.178 KOH needed 51.37watt hour to provide one gram of hydrogen. The loss was happened due to the excess of current that was converted into head in MOSFET. Hopefully the further research will be held again by using wet type of HHO generator because dry generator did not have fixed capacity value and it maked difficulty for calculating the perfect resonance condition.
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