Judul: Analisis Massa Air di Perairan Utara Pulau Lembata, Nusa Tenggara Timur.
Abstrak: Arus Lintas Indonesia atau Arlindo menyalurkan massa air dari Samudera Pasifik menuju Samudera Hindia melalui serangkaian selat di Indonesia. Perairan Utara Pulau Lembata merupakan baggian dari perairan di Laut Flores yang dilalui Arlindo. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menggambarkan stratifikasi massa air, mengidentifikasi jenis massa air dan menghitung kontribusi North Pacific Subtropical Water (NPSW) dan North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) di Perairan Utara Pulau Lembata. Ditentukan pelapisan massa air, kemudian identifikasi jenis massa air berdasarkan T-S diagram. Kontribusi Massa Air dihitung menggunakan metode Optimum Multiparameter. Perairan Utara Pulau Lembata terdiri dari tiga lapisan massa air yaitu lapisan tercampur, termoklin dan lapisan dalam (homogen). Massa air yang ditemukan yaitu NPSW dan NPIW. Kontribusi NPSW dan NPIW di Perairan Utara Pulau Lembata yang dibandingkan dengan Samudera Pasifik Utara masing-masing berkisar antara 30% sampai 75% pada kedalaman 140 m sampai 190 m dan 50% sampai 70% pada kedalaman 220 m sampai 330 m. Kontribusi NPSW dan NPIW di Perairan Utara Pulau Lembata yang dibandingkan dengan Selat Makassar masing-masing berkisar antara 30% sampai 100% pada kedalaman 140 m sampai 190 m dan 40% sampai 100% pada kedalaman 220 m sampai 330 m.
Keyword: kontribusi, massa air, stratifikasi, Perairan Utara Pulau Lembata

Judul: Karakteristik Massa Air Pasifik Utara di Perairan Utara Pulau Bali
Abstrak: Perairan utara Pulau Bali merupakan lintasan massa air Arlindo yang berasal dari Samudera Pasifik Utara sebelum keluar melewati Selat Lombok. Lokasi penelitian yang merupakan lintasan Arlindo memengaruhi karakteristik massa air di perairan ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan stratifikasi dan struktur massa air serta menghitung kontribusi massa air Pasifik Utara, yaitu North Pacific Subtropical Water (NPSW) dan North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW), menggunakan metode Optimum Multiparameter. Perairan utara Pulau Bali terdiri dari tiga lapisan massa air, yaitu lapisan tercampur, termoklin dan dalam. Pada perairan ini ditemukan massa air NPSW dan NPIW dengan nilai yang sudah berkurang dibandingkan dengan wilayah sumber di Samudera Pasifik Utara. Massa air NPSW ditemukan dengan nilai S-max sebesar 34,6 psu dan NPIW ditemukan dengan nilai S-min sebesar 34,35 psu. Persentase kontribusi NPSW sebesar 70% pada kedalaman 110-130 meter dan NPIW sebesar 80% pada kedalaman 200-215 meter. Kontribusi NPSW menurun dari arah timur menuju barat, sedangkan kontribusi NPIW meningkat., The northern waters of Bali are the trajectory of Indonesian Throughflow (ITF)’s water mass which derives from the North Pacific Ocean before exiting through Lombok Strait. This location as the ITF’s trajectory has an impact on the characteristics of the water mass in these waters. This study aims to describe the stratification and structure of water masses and calculate the contribution of North Pacific Subtropical Water (NPSW) and North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW), using Optimum Multiparameter analysis. The northern waters of Bali consist of three layers of water mass which are mixed, thermocline and deep. There was found NPSW and NPIW water masses with a reduced value compared to the source area in the North Pacific Ocean. NPSW water mass was found with an Smax value of 34,6 psu and NPIW was found with an S-min value of 34,35 psu. The percentage of NPSW contribution is 70% at a depth of 110-130 meters and NPIW is 80% at a depth of 200-215 meters. NPSW’s contribution decreases from east to west while NPIW’s increases.
Keyword: Arlindo, kontribusi, NPIW, NPSW, perairan utara Pulau Bali

Judul: Synthesis of Chicken Eggshells-Based β-Tricalcium Phosphate Bioceramics and Their Biocompatibility Test as A Tooth Filler
Abstrak: Preservation of alveolar bone following tooth extraction is an important step in dental practices before dental implant placement. This study reported synthesis of β-Tricalcium Phosphate (β-TCP) bioceramics and its biocompatibility test as a tooth filler to maintain the desired alveolar ridge dimension and stimulate the bone healing processes in the area of tooth loss. β-TCP bioceramics was resulted directly from precipitation of calcinated chicken eggshells as calcium source and phosphoric acid. The corresponding β-TCP was mixed with chitosan 2% to get β-TCP pellet for biocompatibility testing. Biocompatibility testing of β-TCP on lower incisor was performed in rabbits and sheep as animal model. In this study, the x-ray diffraction (XRD) profiles showed that 1000 oC calcinated chicken eggshells correspond to calcium oxide (CaO). There was also transformation phase of CaO into Ca(OH)2 observed after more than three months stored. The XRD profiles proved that obtained β-TCP bioceramics by precipitation has the same pattern with that of reference data base and commercial β-TCP. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra were completely consistent with the result of crystallization processes observed by XRD measurements. Moreover, the purity of the product shown by the atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) resulted in Ca/P ratio of 1.48 which was closed to that of standard β-TCP ceramics. The repeatable XRD peaks patterns and FTIR spectra obviously showed the sample reproducibility. Sheep’s alveolar socket that is filled with the corresponding β-TCP demonstrated the expected results. The x-ray radiograph of sheep’s jaw indicated no change on mesio-distal of the edentulous area. Moreover, the histological results were completely consistent with the x-ray radiograph and macroscopic result which is proved by the formation of new bone. In the contrary with sheep’s result, histological results showed no tooth growth on rabbit proved by the presence of lipid and collagen on the extraction site. This result did not correspond to the x-ray radiograph and macroscopic results that demonstrated the tooth growth and erupted tooth. It is clear that the corresponding β-TCP could minimize the bone loss and maintain the dimension of alveolar ridge.
Keyword: β-tricalcium phosphate, chicken eggshells, rabbit, sheep, tooth filler