Judul: Pengembangan Metode Pengujian Sifat Benih Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) melalui studi dormansi, ketahanan benih terhadap desikasi dan suhu rendah
Abstrak: Papaya (Carica papaya. L.) seeds are generally classified as intermediate because of it’s sensitive to desiccation until the moisture content below of 10%. It will loss germination when stored at low temperature, but several research determined papaya seed as ortodox. This research aimed to develop detection method of papaya seed behavior through 1) study on seed dormancy and its treatments, 2) study on papaya seeds tolerance to desiccation and 3) study on papaya seeds tolerance to low temperatures. The experiment was conducted at Leuwikopo Experimental Station and Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology of Bogor Agricultura University, and Sumani Experimental Station, Research Centre on Topical Fruit, Solok, West Sumatera from, December 2011 to September 2012. The first experiment separately compiled based on six genotypes of papayas are tested using the Split Plot in randomized complete Design. The first factor is the retention time (0,2,4,6,8 weeks) as the main plot and the second was the seed treatment (dry seeds, soaking with water, heat shock and treatment GA3) as the subplot. A second experiment using Split Plot in Complete Randomized Design. The first factor is the variety /genotype of papaya (Sukma, Merah Delima, Dampit varieties, and 1x2, 6x9 1xD) as the main plot, and each treatment was replicated four times. The second factor is the moisture content (4- 6%, 8-10% and 11-13%) as the subplot. The third experiment seed storage at low temperatures with water content (4-6%) using a completely randomized design (CRD) using those genotypes. The results showed that there were no dormancy on all genotypes tested. The effects of desiccation showed that six genotypes tested were tolerance to low moisture content (MC 4-6 %) with a maximum growth potential > 89% and 88.5%. It showed that Merah Delima and 1x2 genotypes were tolerance to low temperature (-20 °C) with germination percentage range between 79-85%, so that both genotypes classified as orthodox and the others (Sukma, Dampit, 1xD and 6x9 genotypes) classified as intermediate because germination percentage less than 60 %. Based on information of seed dormancy, desiccation tolerance to 4-6% moisture content and low temparature tolerance (-20 °C for 2 days), we can develop method to detect papaya seed behaviour and classified it as intermediate or orthodox.
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Judul: Pengujian Sifat Benih Pepaya (Carica Papaya L.) Dengan Perlakuan Penyimpanan Suhu Rendah
Abstrak: Papaya (Carica papaya. L) is a multi-purpose plant for almost all parts of this plant can be utilized. In this study using seeds that will detect the nature of papaya seeds. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Seed in PKHT and Greenhouse Lewikopo, IPB, Bogor. The research was conducted in November 2011 until March 2012. In this study using a 3 kind papaya from PKHT that can represent all sizes of types of papaya. Sukma papaya varieties represent a large size, representing Callina papaya medium, and Carisya representing the size of a small papaya. This study uses two treatment factors, namely the period of store (0, 1, 2, and 3 months) and store temperature (room temperature (25-28 oC) and low temperature (-20 oC)). Before these edsare stored, carried the seeds drying in advance using a solution of MgCl to create different water levels. Observations carried out every month until the end of 3 month seriodesave on viability of papaya seeds. Results showed that the papaya Varieties Sukma have characteristic intermediate, while papaya Varieties Carisya and Calina included in characteristic orthodox.
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Judul: Solusi Geometri Schwarzschild untuk Dimensi 4+1 dengan Invarian Rotasi Isotropik
Abstrak: Metrik Schwarzschild merupakan solusi eksak pertama dari persamaan medan Einstein dengan mangasumsikan metrik statik dan simetris. Metrik Schwarzschild yang ditemukan oleh Karl Schwarzschild masih dalam dimensi 3+1, namun seiring dengan teori-teori terbaru yang menunjukkan bahwa alam semesta tidak hanya di dimensi 3+1. Maka melalui penambahan dimensi, tujuan penelitian ini memperoleh solusi pada geometri Schwarzschild untuk dimensi 4+1 dengan memodifikasi koordinat bola yang invarian rotasi isotropik dan melalui penurunan rumus seperti koordinat bola, simbol Christoffel, dan tensor Ricci. Selain mendapatkan solusi ini, metrik Schwarzschild dimensi 4+1 dapat digunakan sebagai metrik dasar untuk memperoleh solusi blackhole dan wormhole pada dimensi 4+1. Hasil akhirnya, dengan memanfaatkan modifikasi koordinat bola, metrik Schwarzschild dapat dibentuk sehingga diperoleh solusi geometri Schwarzschild untuk dimensi 4+1.
Keyword: metrik Schwarzschild, persamaan medan Einstein, modifikasi koordinat bola, penambahan dimensi, invarian rotasi isotropik