Judul: Profil Senyawa Bioaktif Ekstrak Etanol Tanaman Brokoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica) dengan Pemberian Pupuk Biokonversi Maggot Black Soldier Fly.
Abstrak: Brokoli merupakan tanaman hortikultura yang ditanam di kawasan dataran tinggi, salah satunya di Desa Sindangjaya Kecamatan Cipanas Kabupaten Cianjur. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh aplikasi pupuk kompos hasil biokonversi Black Soldier Fly (BSF) terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, bobot basah, bobot kering serta persentase berbunga dan kandungan senyawa bioaktif ekstrak etanol tanaman brokoli. Penanaman brokoli dilakukan selama 14 minggu dengan 3 macam perlakuan yaitu kontrol (P1), penambahan pupuk kandang (P2) dan penambahan pupuk biokonversi maggot (P3). Setiap perlakuan dilakuan ulangan sebanyak 3 kali yang di dalamnya terdapat 10 tanaman dan dilakukan dalam 3 kelompok sehingga terdapat 270 tanaman brokoli yang ditanam. Penambahan pupuk biokonversi maggot mampu meningkatkan produksi tanaman sesuai dengan hasil penelitian yang berpengaruh nyata pada tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, bobot basah dan kering serta persentase berbunga. Metode LC-MS/MS yang digunakan untuk identifikasi senyawa aktif pada ekstrak etanol 80% brokoli menunjukkan terdapat 58 senyawa bioaktif yang masuk ke dalam golongan metabolit sekunder, asam amino, lipid, amina, asam karboksilat, purin, pirimidin dan produk turunan klorofil.
Keyword: broccoli, LC-MS/MS, secondary metabolites, maggot bioconversion fertilizers

Judul: Biokonversi Limbah Organik Pasar Agrobis Magetan Menjadi Protein Pakan Ternak Menggunakan Larva Black Soldier Fly
Abstrak: Salah satu pengolahan limbah organik yang ramah lingkungan adalah biokonversi limbah organik menggunakan larva black soldier fly (BSF). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakteristik dekomposisi limbah organik Pasar Agrobis dengan larva BSF, serta mengaplikasikan dan mengkaji mutu pakan pengolahan larva BSF sebagai alternatif substitusi protein bagi pakan ternak. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Maret-April 2022 di Kabupaten Magetan, Jawa Timur. Karakteristik dekomposisi limbah padat organik menggunakan larva BSF diidentifikasi dengan waste reduction index (WRI), fresh matter consumption rate (FMCR), dry matter reduction (DMR), dan dry matter consumption rate (DMCR). Nilai WRI dan FMCR untuk limbah organik Pasar Agrobis selama 15 hari, yaitu 3,2%/hari dan 32,1 mg/larva/hari. Nilai persen DMR sebesar 84,4% dan nilai DMCR sebesar 27,1 mg/larva/hari. Aplikasi larva BSF sebagai substitusi protein pakan memenuhi persyaratan mutu pakan berdasarkan SNI 8173:2015, kecuali lemak kasar dan serat kasar. Pertambahan bobot ayam broiler umur 8-21 hari (starter) dan 21 hari ke atas (finisher) selama 12 hari berbeda nyata terhadap pakan komersial (p>0,05) dengan nilai rasio konversi pakan (RKP) lebih rendah., One of the environmentally friendly organic waste treatments is the bioconversion of organic waste using black soldier fly (BSF) larvae. This study aims to analyze the decomposition characteristics of organic waste in the Agrobis Market with BSF larvae, apply, and examine the quality of animal feed from BSF larvae as an alternative to protein substitution. The study was conducted in March-April 2022 in Magetan Regency, East Java. Characteristics of the decomposition of organic waste using BSF larvae were identified with waste reduction index (WRI), fresh matter consumption rate (FMCR), dry matter reduction (DMR), and dry matter consumption rate (DMCR). The value of WRI and FMCR organic waste for 15 days were 3,2%/day and 32,1 mg/larva/day. The percent DMR was 84,4% and DMCR was 27,1 mg/larva/day. The application of BSF larvae as protein substitution meets the animal feed quality based on SNI 8173:2015, except for crude lipid and fiber. The growth gain of broiler aged 8-21 days (starter) and above 21 days (finisher) for 12 days obtained significantly different against commercial feed (p>0.05) with a lower food convertion ratio (FCR) value.
Keyword: Agrobis Market, bioconversion, black soldier fly, broiler

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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