Judul: ^aKeefektifan Formulasi Biopestisida Berbahan Aktif Bakteri Endofit dan Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria Setelah Penyimpanan untuk Mengendalikan Layu Bakteri pada Tomat
Abstrak: Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the important pathogens that cause bacterial wilt in tomatoes which is difficult to be controlled because it has a lot of races and able to survive in the soil for a long time. As an alternative, biological control agents such as endophytic bacteria and PGPR have been widely applied to control the bacterial wilt disease. There were some isolates of endophytic bacteria and PGPR have been effective as biological control agents that suppress bacterial wilt disease, such as B. subtilis AB89, P. fluorescens RH4003, and S. epidermidis BC4. This research was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of biopesticide formulations which contain endophytic bacteria or PGPR B. subtilis AB89, P. fluorescens RH4003, and S. epidermidis BC4 after storage to control the bacterial wilt disease of tomato. Each of the bacteria was formulated using talc powder and liquid medium wich added with xanthan gum (XG) and stored for 3 months at 11-14 ºC. The effectiveness of formulation were examined in the greenhouse. Two weeks old of tomato plants were transplanted into polybags with diameter of 25 cm filled with soil infested by R. solanacearum. The tomato plants were treated with liquid formulation of B. subtilis AB89 (BSC), powder formulation of B. subtilis AB89 (BST), liquid formulation of P. fluorescens RH4003 (PFC), powder formulation of P. fluorescens RH4003 (PFT), liquid formulation of S. epidermidis BC4 (BC4C), powder formulation of S. epidermidis BC4 (BC4T), and sterilized distilled water as control. Ten mililiters of liquid formulation were poured around the root of tomato after transplanting and 10 g of powder formulation was mixed with soil around the root. Plant growth and the disease incidence were calculated every week, up to 6 weeks after transplanting. The experiment was conducted as randomized complete block design with 7 treatments and 3 replication as blocks. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance with DMRT using statistical analysis system (SAS) version 9.1. This research shown that the most effective formulation after storage was liquid formulation of B. subtilis AB89. Liquid formulation of B. subtilis AB89 and P. fluorescens RH4003 shown higher index of disease suppressing compared with powder formulations and control.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University, Bacillus subtilis AB89, endophytic bacteria, Pseudomons fluorescens RH4003, Staphylococcus epidermidis BC4

Judul: Keefektifan Formulasi Biopestisida Berbahan Aktif Staphylococcus epidermidis BC4 dan Pseudomonas fluorescens RH4003 Untuk Mengendalikan Layu Bakteri pada Tomat
Abstrak: Tomato (Lycopersicumesculentum) is one of the important horticultural commodity unfortunately the production is still low in quantity or quality. One of the important problems for the low productivity is the bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. Some control methods have been developed but the disease still caused damages. One alternative control which can be prospective to be developed is the use of biocontrol agents. Among them the endophytic bacteria and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). The experiment was conducted to evaluate the viability of biocontrol agents, i.e. S.epidermidis BC4 and P. fluorescens RH4003 in the formula during storage and 3 the effectiveness of biopesticides formulation to control the bacterial wilt disease on tomato. Biopesticides were applied to the root during transplanting. Disease incidence and the height of the plant were calculated every week. Population of the bacteria in the formula was calculated at 0, 2, 4, and 8 weeks during storage. P. fluorescens RH4003 in granule formula applied into the soil caused disease suppression index up to 46.15%, which significantly lower compared with control, while S. epidermidis BC4 in liquid formulation with pH 5 caused disease suppression index up to 57.69%. Formula containing both of the bacteria did not affect the height growth of tomato plant. Population of the bacteria in the formula grew well at pH 5, 6, 7 and it was stable until 8 weeks of storage.
Keyword: plant growth promoting rhizobateria, endophytic bacteria, Biopesticide

Judul: Studi kasus migran pedagang kaki lima di pasar Senen, Jakarta Pusat
Abstrak: Sejak Jakarta menjadi ibukota negara RI, Jakarta tidak pernah sepi dari arus migrasi penduduk. Masuknya para migran ke Jakarta disebabkan karena pertumbuhan fisik yang nyata, yaitu dari pembangunan gedung perkantoran, fasilitas hiburan dan lainnya, memberi daya tarik bagi orang bukan penduduk Jakarta. Termasuk di antara migran adalah kaum golongan kecil yang berasal dari kalangan sirkuit bawah desa. Alasan utama migrasi di sirkuit bawah, yaitu khususnya yang akhirnya bekerja sebagai pedagang kaki lima di Pasar Senen ini pindah ke Jakarta, adalahJakarta menawarkan kesempatan kerja bagi siapa saja yang mau bekerja. Karena di desa tak ada pekerjaan yang dapat menampung golongan muda, kaum migran meninggalkan desa menuju Jakarta. Pola migrasi masuk ke Jakarta tidak dipengaruhi oleh kemungkinan golongan muda mampir di kota-kota kecil sebelum tiba di Jakarta. Keberanian dan tekad bulat meninggalkan desa asal didorong pula oleh sumber cerita tentang Jakarta (saudara/kenalan) yang juga mengalami bahwa setiba di Jakarta mereka akan langsung bekerja. Pendidikan rendah, tidak memiliki ketrampilan, orang petani/buruh tani, merupakan bagian kecil latar tua belakang sosial migran pedagang kaki lima. Memperoleh pekerjaan apa saja asal halal pada mulanya, tempat tinggal dimana saja, modal kecil dan pendapatan harian yang rendah juga mewarnai hidup para migran pedagang kaki lima di Jakarta. Namun sekalipun demikian mereka tetap hidup, bahkan dapat mengirim uang ke desa asal, pulang ke desa minimum setahun sekali dan sedikit-sedikit mampumenabung. Bekerja sebagai pedagang kaki lima sudah ditekuni selama lebih dari lima tahun bahkan ada yang lebih dari tujuh tahun. Inipun dimulai setelah minimum selama dua tahun migran mengerjakan apa saja di Pasar Senen: yang penting dapat uang dan bisa hidup di Jakarta. Bahkan modal membuka usaha kaki lima diperoleh dari selama bekerja mula-mula itu. untuk pengumpulan upah Sekalipun terdapat kenaikan tingkat kehidupan sosial di kota dibandingkan dari desa, kaum migran pedagang lima di Pasar Senen ini tetap berada bawah kota. di kaki bawah sirkuit Ikatan-ikatan baru di kota hampir tidak terjadi kecuali ikatan-ikatan kedaerahan yang terus dipertahankan.
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