Judul: Study of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) and Pink and Blue Ginger (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.) Ethanol Extracts as Medicinal Alternative against Avian Influenza.
Abstrak: Avian influenza or bird flu is becoming a global issue, especially in Indonesia. The cumulative number of bird flu in Indonesia until February 2009 was 141 people, which was 35,3% from the total of people in the world that infected by bird flu virus. Oseltamivir carboxylate (Tamiflu@), amantadin, and rimantadin had been pledged as drugs of choice for the bird flu. Unfortunately, those drugs becomes very expensive and difficult to find. Moreover, the latest researchs indicated of resistancy to these drugs. Traditional medicine has been used by Indonesian people for many years, but the scientific research concerning to this subject was limited. This study try to evaluate pink and blue ginger (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.) and fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) as alternative medicine against bird flu in in vitro methode. Extracts of Pink and Blue Ginger and fennel were divided into three kind of concentration, which are 10%,20%, and 30% (v/v). The result indicated that temu ireng had strong potency as alternative medicine against bird flu, and concentration 20% was the strongest from the others. Fennel also showed its potency as alternative medicine against bird flu, but less potential than temu ireng. The three kind concentration of adas did not indicate different potency as alternative medicine against bird flu.
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Judul: The Effectiveness of Ethanolic Extracts of Sambiloto, Adas and Sirih Merah Against Avian Influenza Virus on Broiler Chicken
Abstrak: The use of antiviral drugs had been caused resistance against H5N1 avian influenza virus, thus it was crucial to find more effective alternative medicine. The objective of this research was to study the effect of different concentration of ethanol extract formula of sambiloto, adas, and sirih merah in broiler infected with avian influenza virus. Samples were divided into two groups, vaccinated and unvaccinated. Each groups consist of five treatment, F1-5%, F2-7,5%, F3-10%, F4-simplisia, and control. All broilers were challenged with H5N1 AI virus after treated with herb ethanol-extract. Observations were done on performances, leukocyte differentiation, antibody titer, survival, and antigen distribution in lymphoid organ, liver, and intestine. The results showed that the body weight were statistically not significant (P>0.05) in the 4th and 6th week of old. Evaluation on leukocyte differentiation was also shown not significant statistically. The high level of antibody titer and survival bird was found in broiler treated with 5% ethanol extract of sambiloto, adas, and sirih merah, and vaccinated (II-FI 5%). Antigen distribution in the lymphoid organ, liver, and intestine was quite high in the vaccinated broiler, and vice versa.
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Judul: Closed Knight’s Tour pada Papan Catur Berbentuk Persegi Panjang dengan Ukuran Maksimal 8 × 8
Abstrak: Closed Knight’s Tour merupakan langkah kuda yang mengunjungi setiap kotak pada papan catur tepat satu kali dengan langkah kuda berawal dan berakhir pada kotak yang sama. Graf yang terbentuk dari closed knight’s tour dinotasikan sebagai graf G(m,n), dengan m adalah banyaknya baris dan n adalah banyaknya kolom. Graf tersebut memuat Hamiltonian cycle. Sebuah graf terhubung G adalah graf bipartite jika dan hanya jika graf tersebut tidak memiliki cycle dengan panjang ganjil. Papan catur yang memenuhi syarat cukup untuk memiliki closed knight’s tour adalah papan catur berukuran 5 × 6, 5 × 8, 6 × 6, 6 × 7, 6 × 8, 7 × 8, dan 8 × 8.
Keyword: bipartite, closed knight’s tour, hamiltonian cycle, knight’s tour, teori graf