Judul: Perbedaan Keanekaragaman dan Kerapatan Jenis Dekapoda Pada Karang Mati Antara Pocillopora verrucosa dan Seriatopora histrix Di Pulau Pari, Kepulauan Seribu, DKI Jakarta
Abstrak: Dead coral has a large proportion of the substrate on coral reefs where gaps or spaces found on the dead coral can be utilized by a wide range of associated organisms as a place to live. However, study on the function of the dead corals is lack. This research aimed to know the difference between diversity and density of species of decapode in the dead coral Pocillopora verrucosa and Seriatopora histrix. A total of 235 Pocillopora verrucosa individuals consisting of 7 families, 11 genera and 35 species was observed. While in Seriatopora histrix, a total of 74 individuals consisting of 5 families, 6 genera and 11 species was recorded. The diversity index of dekapode biota on dead coral Pocillopora verrucosa was categorised as medium, while on Seriatopora histrix was categorized as low diversity. Uniformity index value in both types of dead coral was relatively steady. Index of domination of both dead corals explained that almost no individual dominating. The spesies density on Pocillopora verucosa was 25 ± 11.34 ind/l, while on Seriatopora histrix was 8 ±1.9 ind/l. This is explain the complexity of gaps or space on the dead coral seem potentially inhabited by more organisms.
Keyword: dead coral, decapod, species density, diversity

Judul: Perbedaan Biodiversitas Fauna Kriptik Pada Karang Mati Pocillopora sp. Pada Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta dan Pemuteran, Bali
Abstrak: Cryptic fauna is similiar fauna which usually have a close kinship and difficult to distinguish. Many cryptic fauna inhabit in dead coral ecosystems. This study aimed to determine differences in community and abundance of cryptic biodiversity of fauna found on dead coral Pocillopora sp. in the Pari Island, Thousand Islands and Pemuteran, Bali. The method used is taking dead coral Pocillopora sp. by 4 colonies at each sampling site. Cryptic fauna in the dead coral taxa were identified to the highest. Volume average of 8 dead colonies was 1.57 ± 0.23 Liter. Number of individuals found were 343 people, ie 145 ± 8.71 individuals in Pari Island, and 198 ± 15.09 individuals in Pemuteran. Abundance of individuals in Pari Island was 36 ± 8.71 individuals per liter, while in Pemuteran, 49 ± 15.09 individuals per liter. Number of families in Pari Island 7 ± 0.47 families per corals die, whereas in Pemuteran 11 ± 1.37 per coral dead relatives. Number of Genus in Pari Island 12 ± 1.68 per dead coral genus, whereas 14 ± 1.60 in Pemuteran coral genera per die. Number of species in Pari Island 14 ± 2.39 species per coral death, while in Pemuteran, 16 ± 2.12 species per coral death. Community indices at both locations into the same category, moderate diversity, low dominance and uniformity depressed. Value of individual, family, genus and species differ in both locations, but the statistically test obtain the different values.
Keyword: 

Judul: Sintesis Flavon dari Fenol dan Benzoil Klorida
Abstrak: Flavone is a class of flavonoid, commonly found in plants with wide bioactivity spectrum. A widely used flavone synthesis route is through acidcatalyzed oxidative cyclization of β-diketone. In this study, unsubstituted flavone had been synthesized via 5-step from phenol, with 22% yield and successfully increased the yield of previous study on Fries rearrangement of phenyl acetate and benzoylation of o-HAP steps. Phenol was acetylated resulting 93% phenyl acetate. AlCl3-catalyzed Fries rearrangement in 1.5 hour and at 120 °C converted phenyl acetate into o-hydroxyacetophenone (o-HAP) with 40% yield. AlCl3 as catalyst produced o-HAP with higher and reproducible yield compared with BF3·Et2O and ZnCl2. Benzoylation of o-HAP followed by Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement of the ester product using KOH in dried pyridine produced β-diketone 1-(2- hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropane-1,3-dione. The yield of ester and β-diketone were 71% and 85%, respectively. Finally, oxidative cyclization of β-diketone with sulphuric acid as catalyst produced 99% of flavone. The flavone product had been characterized spectroscopically and its melting point as well.
Keyword: