Judul: Perbandingan Wavelet Daubechies dan MFCC sebagai ekstraksi ciri pada pengenalan fonem berdasarkan distribusi normal
Abstrak: Speech recognition is speech to text transcription. Speech to text transcription system is a system used to convert a voice signal from a microphone into a single or a set of words. Most research of speech to text transcription used technique which every word in corpus is modeled. It is not effective if we want to develop a large vocabulary speech recognition system which number of words in corpus are more than one thousand words. Therefore, this research developed phoneme recognition with early stage in speech recognition. This research used some stage proces, those are take data, feature extraction, and feature matching. Normal Distribution (Gaussian) is used for feature matching, Wavelet Daubechies and MFCC is used for feature extraction. Corpus on this research consist of 11 words in Indonesian which each word recorded 20 times, 15 times for data training and 5 times for data testing. This research used 13 cepstral coefficients. Phonemes are generated from the segmentation process, and then mhu and sigma be calculated to generate the model. This case produced 26 models. The best accuracy is 90% generated by feature extraction MFCC and 46.92% generated by the Wavelet Daubechies.
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Judul: Model Fonem dengan Pendekatan Distribusi Normal untuk Pengenalan Kata Menggunakan MFCC sebagai Ekstraksi Ciri
Abstrak: Voice recognition is a field study in voice processing. Research on voice signal has several methods of processing, one of them is the Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficients (MFCC). The purpose of MFCC is to extract voice features. The goal of this research is to apply MFCC as a feature extraction and the normal distribution as a method for word recognition. The first step of the research is data reprocessing, and then data extraction using MFCC. Afterwards, the normal distribution method is used to process the data. From the result, it can be concluded that the normal distribution method can be used for word recognition.The results obtained from the word recognition using normal distribution and MFCC as feature extraction have the highest accuracy of 100% for the phonemes /g/, /n/, /p/, /v/, /x/, /y/ and the lowest accuracy of 67% for the phonemes /a/ and /k
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Judul: Mercury Toxicity and It’s Effect on Histopathology Change of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).
Abstrak: Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of fish species that oportunity to contaminated with mercury. The effects of pollutants can damage living organisms organs and can cause death. The effects caused mercury had acute or chronic character. The aims of this study are to determine threshold and acute toxicity of mercury chloride (HgCl2) of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), to assess the effect of mercury chloride (HgCl2) on several biometric parameters (survival, growth rate of average daily weighted, liver condition, bile and reproductive variability of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), assess the level of damage to the histological structure of the gills, liver and kidney of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) caused mercury chloride (HgCl2) exposure. This study was conducted from February to June 2013. Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were used in this study were female with average weight 20 grams or 11-13 cm length range. Toxicant materials used in this study was mercury chloride (HgCl2). Fish were reared in each aquarium 60x40x30 containing 48 liters of water. This study consists of three stages: a preliminary test, acute test, and sub-chronic test. To determine the changes in biometric condition of tilapia approximated by measuring the survival rate (SR), the growth rate of average daily weight , the content of mercury in the fish organs, hepatosomatic index (HSI), the relative bile volume (VER), gonadal soamtic index (IKG), fecundity and oocit diameter, tissue damage caused by mercury in fish organs by making histological preparations stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The median lethal concentration (96 hr, LC50) of Mercury Chloride was calculated as 1,64 mgL--1.The survival rate was highest in the control treatment (46,67 %) . Mercury chloride with concentration 0.196 mgL--1 show significant effect to changes HSI and relative bile volume, and oocyte diameter of Nile tilapia (p < 0,05). Mercury chloride with a concentration of 0,164 mgL-1 and 0,196 mgL-1 have not a significant effect on the growth rate of weight, gonadal somatic index and fecundity of Nile tilapia (p > 0,05). Mercury chloride cause damage to gills (hyperplasia, hypertrophy, proliferation and neukrosis), liver (hyperplasia, hemorhage, shrinkage of hepatocytes, proliferation and neukrosis) and kidney (hyperplasia, hemorrhage, shrinkage of the glomerulus, proliferation and neukrosis).
Keyword: Nile tilapia, Hepatosomatic indexs (HSI), histopathology