Judul: Uji Getaran Mekanis dan Kebisingan terhadap Operator Traktor Dua Roda Yanmar YST-DX dan Perkasa 850-DI pada Pengoperasian di Laban Sawah dan Lahan Kering
Abstrak: Penggunaan alat-alat mekanisasi pertanian dalam setiap kegiatan pertanian semakin meningkat. Pemakaian alat dan mesin pertanian dapat meningkatkan produktivitas hasil pertanian dan memudahkan pekerjaan petani yang membutuhkan tenaga besar. Tetapi penggunaan alat dan mesin pertanian dirasa masih menimbulkan masalah sehingga terdapatnya kecelakaan kerja dan gangguan kesehatan. Oleh karena itu perJu dilakukan uji ergonomikanya. Salah satu contoh alat mekanisasi pertanian yang umum digunakan adalah traktor dua roda. Traktor dua roda digunakan sebagai alat pengolah tanah yang lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan menggunakan tenaga hewan dan tenaga manusia sendiri dengan menggunakan peralatan tradisional.
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Judul: Disain dan uji teknis alat penanam dan pemupuk jagung dengan tenaga tarik traktor tangan
Abstrak: Penggunaan alat dan mesin pertanian dalam usahatani tidak terlepas pula dari sumber tenaga penggeraknya. Pemakaian traktor tangan sebagai sumber tenaga penggerak banyak dijumpai dalam pekerjaan-pekerjaan pengolahan tanah, sarana transportasi, ataupun untuk menggerakkan pompa air. Selain kegunaan tersebut traktor tangan dapat pula digunakan sebagai tenaga penarik bagi alat penanam maupun pemupuk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan dayaguna traktor tangan sebagai sumber tenaga penggerak dari fungsi-fungsi sebelumnya. Alat penanam dan pemupuk ini memiliki berat total 31 kg, panjang 90 cm, lebar 108 cm (lister terpasang) dan tinggi 75 cm. Pengujian dilakukan dalam dua tahap, yaitu pengujian laboratorium dan lapang. Pengujian laboratorium dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah alat dapat bekerja atau masih harus diperbaiki lagi. Sedangkan pengujian lapang dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui kapasitas kerja alat, ketepatan penanaman (meliputi jarak tanam dan jumlah benih per lubang), ketepatan pemupukan (meliputi pemberian pupuk per meter alur dan keluaran pupuk tiap putaran roda). Pengoperasian alat untuk pengujian lapang dilakukan pada tiga tingkat kecepatan, yaitu V1 (0.15 m/det)...
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Judul: Morfologi dan filogeografi of Clavularia inflata Schenk, 1896 Schenk, 1896 (Karang Lunak: Stolonifera) in daerah pesisir Indonesian
Abstrak: The Coral Triangle is recognized as the center of the world’s marine biodiversity, with species richness declining gradually from this region to the east across the Pacific Ocean and west across Indian Ocean. This region covers many countries, such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Brunei, East Timor (Timor Leste), Papua New Guinea, and Solomon Islands. There are around 96 genera and 23 families of soft coral in the Indo-Pacific. In Indonesia around 219 species, 28 genera, and 4 families of soft corals have been recorded. Clavularia is spread widely throughout the Indian and Pacific Ocean, stretching from the Red Sea and East Africa across the Indo-Pacific, reaching as far east as Micronesia. Clavularia is stoloniforous zooxanthellae soft coral, each one of the polyps is connected to the base. Polyps are pink to brownish gray and about 30 mm in diameter. Stolons are brown to dark red, and are often covered with algae or sponges. Genetic connectivity is the key of conservation because it plays important roles in maintaining populations and the potential for restoring damage to the marine environment. The connectivity patterns of sessile animals are affected by reproduction and larval spread. The stage of pelagic larvae is the initial stage of life for recruitment, so that it can maintain its population from extinction. Besides, the pattern of genetic connectivity can help in designing management plans for marine protected areas, which in turn can help to preserve biodiversity. Genetic connectivity between coral reefs is often overlooked when designing an area, but it is very important to ensure the continuity of populations or protection of biodiversity. This study aimed to confirm the identity of 25 colonies collected from 13 Indonesian coral reef location putatively identified as Clavularia inflata using molecular tools, and to describe them morphologically to verify defining characteristics and describe their morphological plasticity. Specimens were morphologically described based on their sclerite characteristics and compared between sites. All specimens were confirmed as Clavularia inflata by molecular identification using mitochondrial DNA with the mtMuts gene. Sclerite observations were divided into four parts for each colony, namely pinnules (finger-like extensions along the tentacless sides), crowns (tentacles covering the upper side of polyps, located between tentacles and calyx), calyx (the middle part of polyps), and stolons (branching between polyps). The form of sclerites found in Clavularia inflata comprised various forms such as rods, fingers, sticks, and brackets. The shortest size sclerites were found in the pinnule. These sclerites had a variety of sclerites such as grains with various geometric shapes such as platelet or finger biscuit shape. In the crown, the form of sclerites found was spindle-shaped sclerites (oval shaped with a shaft in the middle) with a curved shape. The middle part of the polyp (the calyx) is mostly covered by rod-shaped sclerites. Morphometric measurements of Clavularia inflata showed specimens from Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta had the largest pinnule, calyx, and stolon compared to other locations. The maximum mean length of pinnule, calyx, and stolon were 145.1±19.27 µm, 1605.6±30.58 µm, and 749.5±52.8 µm, respectively. The maximum mean length of crown was 672,6±39.58 µm, found in Maluku
Keyword: Alcyonacea, Coral triangle, Molecular taxonomy, Phylogeography, Population genetics