Judul: Pemurnian Mono-diasilglierol dengan saponifikasi basa
Abstrak: Mono-diasilgliserol diproduksi dengan melakukan reaksi esterifikasi antara gliserol dengan PFAD (Palm Fatty Acid Distilates). Hasil reaksi tersebut terdiri atas beberapa komponen yaitu MDAG, asam lemak bebas (ALB), dan triasilgliserol (TAG). Fraksi ALB dan TAG berpengaruh dalam menurunkan kualitas MDAG. Oleh karena itu diperlukan pemurnian dengan metode saponifikasi dan ekstraksi yang dapat menghilangkan kedua fraksi yang tidak diinginkan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan produk MDAG murni dengan rendemen tinggi dan kualitas baik dengan cara memurnikan MDAG melalui proses saponifikasi dan ekstraksi pelarut. Pemurnian diawali dengan pelarutan MDAG kasar ke dalam campuran heksan dan metanol dengan perbandingan 1:1 kemudian disaponifikasi menggunakan basa. Pada penelitian ini digunakan 2 macam bahan penyabun yaitu 2 N basa kuat dan kristal basa lemah dengan 3 variasi perlakuan yaitu 10, 15 dan 20% (b/b) untuk basa kuat dan 10, 15 dan 20% (v/b) untuk basa lemah. Setelah proses saponifikasi, dilanjutkan proses kristalisasi dan penyaringan produk. Produk terbaik yang dihasilkan ialah perlakuan dengan basa lemah 15% (b/s), dimana kondisi tersebut menghasilkan rendemen sebesar 66.57% dengan komposisi MAG 24.68%, DAG 60.93%, dan TAG-ALB 14.39%, titik leleh 44.75. C, nilai pH 5.5, stabilitas emulsi 94.11%, tekstur kering, agak berbau, dan berwarna putih…
Keyword: MDAG, Asam lemak bebas, Saponifikasi, Esterifation reaction, Palm fatty acid distilates, Triacylglycerol

Judul: Pengaruh Saponifikasi pada Pemurnian Mono-Diasilgliserol Hasil Reaksi Gliserol dan PFAD
Abstrak: Mono-diacylglycerol is produced by esterification reaction between glycerol and PFAD. Esterification reaction produce a mixture of MDAG, free fatty acid (FFA), and triacylglycerol (TAG). FFA and TAG can decrease performance of MDAG as emulsifier, so purification is needed to decrease the number of ALB and TAG. The purpose of this research was to get product of pure MDAG emulsifier that have the best quality and highest yield. Purification was doing by saponification process and then extracted by hexane. That method used saponification with NaOH 1 N at various volume addition (Without NaOH, 1ml, 2 ml, 3 ml, and 4 mL) and continued by product characterization. The result showed that the saponification reaction affect MDAG purity. So, the best product was without 1ml NaOH 1N treatment. That condition produced rendemenofs 31.54% with composition of MAG 26.80%, DAG 30.46%, and TAG-ALB 42.74%, FFA 8.88%, melting point 53oC, pH 5, emulsion stability 84%, dry texture, no odor, and white color.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), saponification., free fatty acid, MDAG

Judul: Implementation of Spatio-Temporal Change Query in Relational Database.
Abstrak: Geographic object changes in various views. Object changes are recorded using a model of static storage. No historical connection between old version data and new version data has been built. For that, a storage model of spatio-temporal queries that can analyze spatio-temporal changes has been developed. The object changes the geometry are grouped according to the taxonomy of Spatio-Temporal Pattern Change. This research has been able to apply the query patterns change including born, expand, merge, contract, split, normal and die. This query based on geometric (area) changes. The implementation of spatio-temporal change queries represents an object changes continuously with easy, change detection is done by comparing two versions of data. Keyword: spatio-temporal change query, spatio-temporal change pattern.
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