Judul: Pengaruh Kadar Air Dan Metode Penyimpanan Tongkol  Jagung (Zea Mays, L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Aspergillus Flavus  Dan Pembentukan Aflatoksin
Abstrak: Corn is one of agricultural commodity that has been cultivated in high quantity in Indonesia. Until now, the utilization of corn has been limited to the seed, which used as feeds and foods. It caused by product, in the form of corncob has been reach 46% from all corn varieties (Sapoetra, 1994), so it has been started to expand the using of corncob to be a more useful product. One alternative of the corncob utilization is xilosa, as the raw material in xilitol production. Xilitol has been used on candy and sweetener product. Corn is agricultural commodity which susceptible to fungal infection, so it was need right condition during storage. A. flavus is one of mold that often contaminate corn. This fungy can produce aflatoxin, a toxin which was dangerous for human and animals health, if they eat the product which contaminated of aflatoxin. In low concentrations (not more than 20 ppb), aflatoxin cause liver and kidney cancer, while in high concentration (20 ppb or more), aflatoxin can cause death. Maximum aflatoxin concentration that was permitted to be consumed according to Food and Drug Administration, USA was no more than 20 ppb. The goal of this research were to get the best water content and the right storage method which can inhibite A. flavus growth and aflatoxin formation. Water content that applied in this research were 11%, 15% and 19%, while the storage method that used were ruged and packed use gunny sack. The duration of storage was 30 days with three times sampling, that were 0 day, 15 day and 30 day. The corn variety that used was Bisma. This research consist of two steps. First was preparation of raw material that include corncob characterizations and conditioning of water content. Corncob characterizations consist of carbohydrate, protein, fat, crude fiber, ash and water content, while conditioning of water content was done with moisting and drying the corncob to get the water content at 11%, 15% and 19%. In main research the measured parameters were water content, A. flavus population and aflatoxin concentration. The analyze of statistic method that used in this research were Completely Randomize Design with two factors and Completely Randomize Design with three factors. Completely Randomize Design with two factors was used to analyze water content data, while Completely Randomize Design with three factors was used to analyze A. flavus population data. The results of corncob characterizations were : water content 11.80±0.06%, ash content 1.59±0.010%, protein content 1.62±0.07%, crude fiber content 34.02±0.09, carbohydrate (by diff.) 95.65±0.01 and fat content 1.14±0.04%. In main research, the corncob water content was decrease during storage. The highest decrease of water content was occured on the storage with ruged method and 19% water content, while the lowest decrease was occured on the corncob which was packed use gunny sack and 11% water content. The storage method that gave the lowest population of A. flavus was the corncob which was packed use gunny sack and 11% water content. From each storage method, the lowest population of A. flavus was obtained on 11% water content and the
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Judul: Pertumbuhan Aspergillus flavus BIO 2237 dan BCC F0213 pada Jagung dan Kedelai serta Pengendaliannya oleh Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 9376
Abstrak: Kapang Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus) penghasil aflatoksin seringkali mengontaminasi jagung dan kedelai. Suhu dan kelembaban relatif (RH) merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan A. flavus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur pertumbuhan A. flavus BIO 2237 dan BCC F0213 serta produksi aflatoksin pada suhu dan RH yang berbeda. Selain itu dilakukan juga pengendalian pertumbuhan kapang A. flavus BIO 2237 dan BCC F0213 oleh Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 9376. Aspergillus flavus BIO 2237 atau BCC F0213 ditumbuhkan pada media Czapek Dox Agar (CDA), jagung, dan kedelai selama 10 hari pada suhu 20, 30, dan 40 ºC dengan RH 70, 80, dan 90%, sedangkan pengendalian pertumbuhan A. flavus BIO 2237 dan BCC F0213 dilakukan dengan cara menumbuhkan S. cerevisiae ATCC 9376 secara bersamaan dengan kapang A. flavus BIO 2237 atau BCC F0213 pada media Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), jagung, dan kedelai yang kemudian diinkubasi pada suhu ruang (30 ºC) selama 10 hari. Pertumbuhan maksimal A. flavus BIO 2237 dan BCC F0213 pada media CDA dicapai pada suhu 30 ºC dengan RH 90%. Sementara itu, pada jagung Aspergillus flavus BIO 2237 tumbuh maksimal pada suhu 20 ºC dengan RH 90%, sedangkan pada kedelai tumbuh maksimal pada suhu 30 ºC dengan RH 90%. Pertumbuhan maksimal A. flavus BCC F0213 pada jagung dan kedelai dicapai pada suhu 20 ºC dengan RH 90%, sementara pada suhu 40 ºC dengan RH 70% kedua strain A. flavus ini tidak dapat tumbuh pada jagung maupun pada kedelai. Analisis aflatoksin dilakukan dengan menggunakan RP-HPLC yang dilengkapi dengan detektor fluoresen dan post column photochemical reactor. Limit deteksi (LoD) aflatoksin B1, B2, G1, dan G2 masing-masing adalah 0.45, 0.26, 0.05, dan 0.13 ng/mL, sementara limit kuantifikasi (LoQ) masing-masing adalah 1.52, 0.88, 0.18, dan 0.43 ng/mL. Kandungan aflatoksin tertinggi ditemukan pada jagung dan kedelai yang disimpan pada suhu 30 ºC dengan RH 90%. Pertumbuhan A. flavus BIO 2237 dan BCC F0213 dapat dikendalikan oleh S. cerevisiae ATCC 9376. Persentasi pengendalian pertumbuhan A. flavus BIO 2237 oleh S. cerevisiae ATCC 9376 pada media PDA, jagung, dan kedelai masing-masing sebesar 46, 47, dan 45%, sementara itu untuk A. flavus BCC F0213 masing-masing sebesar 52, 52, dan 38%. Penghambatan pertumbuhan kedua strain A. flavus pada media kedelai lebih kecil dibandingkan penghambatan pada media jagung.
Keyword: aflatoksin, Aspergillus flavus, jagung, kedelai, Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Judul: Perencanaan Lanskap Jalan Western By Pass di Kotamadya Denpasar, Bali
Abstrak: Jalan Western By Pass dengan panjang keseluruhan .t 13 km merupakan salah satu jalan yang akan dibangun di wilayah Denpasar bagian barat, digunakan untuk menghubungkan daerah-daerah di sebelah utara (Tabanan, Kintamani, Sangeh, dll) dan selatan Denpasar (Kuta dan Nusa Dua). Jalan yang berfungsi sebagai jalan Arteri Primer ini bersama-sama dengan Northern dan Southern By Pass akan membentuk jaringan Outer Ring Road yang mengelilingi Kotamadya Denpasar dan direncanakan selesai serta mulai beroperasi secara optimal pada tahun 2002.
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