Judul: Correlation of Water Level with Hotspots as Indicator of Peatland Fires in Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan
Abstrak: Kubu Raya merupakan salah satu Kabupaten di Kalimantan Barat yang sering terjadi kebakaran hutan dan lahan setiap musim kemarau karena didominasi lahan gambut yang rentan terbakar. Parameter kunci dalam pengelolaan gambut yaitu tinggi muka air (TMA). Penurunan TMA menyebabkan kelembaban gambut menurun sehingga menjadi kering dan mudah terbakar saat bulan kemarau. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis korelasi hotspot dengan curah hujan, hotspot dengan TMA, dan curah hujan dengan TMA. Penelitian ini menggunakan data curah hujan harian dari BMKG, data hotspot dari MODIS LAPAN, serta data TMA dari Badan Restorasi Gambut. Analisis data melalui uji korelasi bivariate menggunakan SPSS. Hasil penelitian ditemukan 564 hotspot di Kabupaten Kubu Raya periode Februari 2019 hingga Februari 2020. Uji menunjukkan curah hujan dengan hotspot tidak memiliki korelasi namun memiliki arah korelasi negatif, bahwa penurunan curah hujan diikuti kenaikan hotspot. Uji korelasi curah hujan dengan TMA memiliki korelasi rendah dengan arah positif, bahwa kenaikan curah hujan diikuti kenaikan TMA. Sementara itu tidak ditemukan korelasi antara TMA dengan hotspot Kecamatan Sungai Ambawang dan Sungai Raya., Kubu Raya is one of the regencies in West Kalimantan that often occurs forest and land fires every dry season because it is dominated by peatlands that are vulnerable to burning. A key parameter in peat management is water level (TMA). The decrease in TMA causes peat moisture to decrease so that it becomes dry and flammable during the dry month. This study aims to analyze the correlation of hotspots with rainfall, hotspots with TMA, and precipitation with TMA. This study used daily rainfall data from BMKG, hotspot data from MODIS LAPAN, as well as TMA data from peat restoration agency. Data analysis through bivariate correlation test using SPSS. The results of the study found 564 hotspots in Kubu Raya Regency in the period February 2019 to February 2020. Tests showed rainfall with hotspots had no correlation but had a negative correlation direction, that decreased rainfall followed by a rise in hotspots. The rainfall correlation test with TMA has a low correlation with the positive direction, that the increase in rainfall followed by the increase in TMA. Meanwhile, there was no correlation between TMA and hotspots in Sungai Ambawang and Sungai Raya subdistricts.
Keyword: curah hujan, Sungai Ambawang, Sungai Raya, TMA

Judul: Analysis of Hotspots, Precipitation, and Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies in East Tanjung Jabung Regency, Jambi
Abstrak: Kebakaran hutan dan lahan merupakan permasalahan serius yang terjadi setiap tahun di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi keterkaitan antara titik panas (hotspot), curah hujan, dan anomali Sea Surface Temperature (SST) sebagai indikator potensi terjadinya kebakaran gambut di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September-Desember 2023. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder. Uji korelasi dilakukan antara data hotspot, curah hujan bulanan, dan SSTA Nino 3.4 pada tahun 2015-2022 untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara curah hujan dengan jumlah hotspot yang terdeteksi dan faktor yang memengaruhinya. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah hubungan hotspot dengan curah hujan berkorelasi negatif dengan nilai r sebesar -0.401 yang termasuk dalam kategori cukup, dan hubungan hotspot dengan anomali SST berkorelasi positif. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa jumlah hotspot di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur pada tahun 2015-2022 berkaitan erat dengan curah hujan, namun tidak terlalu erat dengan SST anomalies., Forest and land fires are a serious problem that occurs every year in Indonesia. This research aims to identify the relationship between hotspots, precipitation and Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies (SSTA) as indicators of the potential for peatland fires in East Tanjung Jabung Regency. This research was conducted in September-December 2023. The data used is secondary data. Correlation tests were carried out between hotspot data, monthly precipitation, and SSTA Nino 3.4 in 2015-2022 to determine the relationship between precipitation, the number of hotspots detected, and the factors that influence them. The results of this research are that the relationship between hotspots and precipitation is negatively correlated with an r value of -0.400 which is included in the sufficient category, and the relationship between hotspots and anomaly SST is positively correlated. These findings showed that the number of hotspots in East Tanjung Jabung Regency is closely related to precipitation but not too closely with SST anomalies.
Keyword: curah hujan, titik panas, kebakaran gambut, nino 3.4

Judul: Synthesis of Apatite - Chitosan Composite Using Duck Eggshell and Chitosan with Temperature and pH Control
Abstrak: Composite of apatite-chitosan was prepared by using chitosan as polymer matrix. Calcium phosphate was prepared from CaO and (NH4)2HPO4, which the ratio Ca : P had to be 1.67. Chitosan is produced by deacetilase from biopolymer chitin. Duck eggshell (95% CaCO3) as starting material was converted to be calcium oxide (CaO) through calcinations with temperature 1000oC for 5 hours. In-situ and ex-situ methods were prepared from apatite and chitosan (dissolved with acetate acid 2%). Calcium phosphate prepared for bone implantation, but it is too fragile and brittle to be implant into the body. So addition of chitosan can decrease crystalinity and increase mechanic characteristic (tougher). Composite apatite-chitosan was resulted by fast precipitation. Fast precipitation was held in a breaker glass with nitrogen atmosphere, under controlled temperature at 37oC and pH 7, in order to increase amount of hydroxyapatite. Precipitation with CaO which was dropped by (NH4)2HPO4. Hydroxyapatite and chitosan were appearing at samples with in-situ and ex-situ methods which indicating by peak matching of XRD (closed lattice parameter, crystal size), overlapping at FTIR spectra and supporting by SEM picture (homogenous and agglomerated particle). However, it still needs further research to examine biocompatibility osteoconductive degree of sample by in-vivo and in-vitro test.
Keyword: