Judul: Pengaruh Pupuk, Bahan Organik, dan Perakaran Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) terhadap Fluks CO2 pada Inceptisol Darmaga
Abstrak: CO2 flux is an important component of the global carbon cycle. The factors that influence CO2 flux from the soil are roots, organic matter, and nutrient availabillity. The measurement of CO2 flux was carried out by using closed chamber method in greenhouse, for which infrared gas analyzer (IRGA) LI-820 type was used for analyzing such gas. Data analysis was performed with matrix correlation, linear regression, and a different test. The results showed that the roots of corn have increased the magnitude of CO2 flux; such value was higher than that of CO2 flux from the soil added by both fertilizers and organic matter. Increasing CO2 flux due to the influence of corn root, organic matter, and fertilizer, compared to control, was of about 98.15%, 66.01%, and 38.54%, respectively. The average CO2 flux from the treatment of the control during the planting period is 0.055±0.02 mg/m2/det. Of the root diameter and density observed in this research, the secondary roots seem to have strong correlation with CO2 flux compare to other. However, the difference of diameter root sizes is generally not correlated to the CO2 flux. Based on the linear regression analysis, soil temperatures lead to increase CO2 flux on the treatment with the addition of organic matter.
Keyword: organic matter, fertilizer, CO2 flux, corn roots plant

Judul: Pengukuran Fluks CO2 dan Neraca Karbon Sederhana Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) pada Tanah Latosol Darmaga
Abstrak: Agricultural activities such as land preparation, irrigation and fertilization on agricultural land currently is one of the human activities accused on increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Agricultural land in Indonesia are mostly mineral soil (78% of the total agricultural land). Therefore, it is important to study the CO2 emissions from tropical soils as part of the data collection effort (inventory) to support mitigation and adaptation activities on climate change. Soil fertility in mineral soil such as Latosol is generally low due to the low organic matter as well as nutrient availability. One among several ways to improve this soil fertility is adding with organic matter. This research’s purpose is determine: (1) the effect of adding organic matter to the total biomass of maize (Zea mays L.), (2) the effect of adding organic matter to the CO2 flux of soil planted by maize, (3) simple carbon balance of a maize which planted on soil with and without adding organic matter. Statistical design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with regression analysis and the method of time average. The treatments tested, K: Control, KJ+P: Control + Maize + NPK Fertilizer, KBOJ+P: Control + Organik Matter + Maize + NPK fertilizer. The experiment showed that the addition of organic matter to the soil produced much higher in average production of dry biomass of maize (KBOJ+P = 27.82±5.94 g) rather than without added organic matter (KJ+P = 14.75±3.96 g) and its produced much higher flux CO2 (KBOJ+P = 0.11±0.08 mg CO2 /m2/det) rather than without added organic matter. (KJ+P = 0.09±0.06 mg CO2 /m2/det) and (K = 0.05±0.01 mg CO2 /m2/det). In simple carbon balance, the addition of organic materrs could increased the carbon lost in the form of CO2 flux (20%) and increased carbon in the soil (123%), however, did not significantly contribute to CO2 emissions because the organic matter also increased the amount of carbon that is absorbed by plants (89%). But the addition of organic matter did not has significant influence in improving the dry weight biomass total of maize, flux of CO2, carbon in soils, carbon absorbed by the plant and the carbon lost in the form of CO2 flux.
Keyword: simple carbon balance, organik matter, mineral soil, CO2 flux, Biomass

Judul: Karakteristik Anatomi Skelet Kepala Buaya senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii).
Abstrak: Buaya sepit atau senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii) merupakan jenis buaya asli Indonesia yang berhabitat di sungai-sungai Sumatera, Kalimantan, dan juga pedalaman Sulawesi. Salah satu ciri khas buaya senyulong adalah bentuk moncong yang runcing dan sempit, namun hingga saat ini informasi mengenai struktur skelet kepala buaya senyulong sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik anatomi skelet kepala buaya senyulong yang dikatikan dengan fungsi dan perilakunya. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksploratif dengan melakukan pengamatan, pencatatan, dan pengambilan gambar dari skelet kepala buaya senyulong. Skelet kepala berukuran panjang 70 cm, lebar 29 cm, dan tingggi 17 cm dengan permukaan kasar pada os nasale, os frontale, os maxilla, os mandibula, os lacrimale, os jugale. Jumlah gigi pada buaya ini sebanyak 78 buah, terdiri dari 4 buah gigi premaxila, 16 buah gigi maxila, dan 19 buah gigi mandibula. Pada regio orbitalis ditemukan dua pasang fenestrae temporales yang berkembang baik. Fenestra supratemporale merupakan lubang oval yang membentang di sepanjang os parietale. Fenestra infratemporale berbentuk segitiga dan dibatasi oleh os squamosum, os postorbitale, os jugulare, dan os quadratum. Os mandibula hewan ini mempunyai symphysis mandibularis yang panjang yaitu garis yang melintang di corpus mandibulae. Secara fungsional ukuran symphysis mandibularis berkaitan dengan adaptasi hewan terhadap diet makan.
Keyword: kepala, moncong, Tomistoma schlegelii