Judul: Determinants of Islamic and Conventional Banking Insolvency Risk: Study Case in Indonesia
Abstrak: Risiko insolvensi memiliki peran penting dalam perkembangan dan keberlanjutan industri perbankan. Penurunan kinerja keuangan akibat pandemi Covid-19 mengindikasikan bank rentan terhadap risiko insolvensi. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengidentifikasi perkembangan dan menganalisis determinan risiko insolvensi pada perbankan syariah dan konvensional periode 2018 sampai 2023. Metode yang digunakan adalah Z-score, X-score, G-score dan regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor internal yaitu Loans to Assets pada Bank Umum Konvensional (BUK) Big Four berpengaruh negatif signifikan, Cost Income Ratio pada BUK berpengaruh negatif signifikan, Income Diversity tidak berpengaruh signifikan dan Total Aset pada Bank Umum Syariah (BUS) berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap nilai Z-score. Faktor eksternal yaitu Produk Domestik Bruto pada BUS dan BUK berpengaruh negatif signifikan dan Suku Bunga pada BUK berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap nilai Z-score. Perbankan syariah dan konvensional perlu menjaga tingkat kesehatan bank melalui penguatan permodalan, mempertahankan faktor-faktor yang signifikan terhadap Z score serta penelitian lanjutan dengan variabel dan objek yang lebih beragam untuk efisiensi dan stabilitas yang lebih baik., Insolvency risk has an important part in the development and sustainability of the banking industry. The fall in financial parameters due to the Covid-19 outbreak suggests that banks are at risk of insolvency. The purpose of study is to detect and assess developments in insolvency risk in Islamic and conventional banking between 2018 and 2023. Z-score, X-score, G-score, and panel data regression were the methods used. The results indicate that internal factors, namely Loans to Assets at the Big Four Conventional Commercial Banks (BUK), Cost Income Ratio at BUK, Income Diversity, and Total Assets at Islamic Commercial Banks (BUS), have a significant negative effect on the Z-score value. External factors, namely Gross Domestic Product at BUS and BUK, have a substantial negative effect, and Interest Rates at BUK have a significant positive effect on the Z-score value. Islamic and conventional banking must preserve the bank's health by increasing capital, retaining factors important to the Z-score, and conducting additional research with more diversified variables and objects to improve efficiency and stability.
Keyword: BUK, BUS, determinants of insolvency risk

Judul: Determinants of Banking Liquidity Risk Sharia and Conventional Banking in Indonesia
Abstrak: Liquidity has an important role in the development and sustainability of the banking industry. This is shown through the nature of liquidity which is vulnerable to shocks, causing banks to anticipate risks arising from liquidity. The purpose of this study is to analyze the comparison of the determinants of liquidity of Conventional Commercial Banks (BUK) and Islamic Commercial Banks (BUS) in Indonesia based on the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) and Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) in the period 2016 to 2020. Data analysis techniques used is panel data regression. The panel data regression results show economic growth as a systematic variable has a positive effect on banking liquidity risk in Indonesia, and non-performing loans (financing) as a non-systematic variable have a negative effect on banking liquidity risk in Indonesia., Likuiditas memiliki peran penting dalam perkembangan dan keberlanjutan industri perbankan. Sifat likuiditas yang rentan terhadap guncangan mengakibatkan bank harus mengantisipasi risiko yang timbul atas likuiditas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis perbandingan determinan likuiditas bank umum konvensional (BUK) dan bank umum syariah (BUS) di Indonesia berdasarkan loan to deposit ratio (LDR) dan financing to deposit ratio (FDR) pada periode 2016- 2020. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel. Hasil regresi data panel menunjukkan bahwa NPL dan NPF sebagai variabel non-sistematis berpengaruh negatif terhadap LDR BUK dan FDR BUS. GDP sebagai variabel sistematis berpengaruh positif terhadap LDR BUK dan FDR BUS., Liquidity has an important role in the development and sustainability of the banking industry. This is shown through the nature of liquidity which is vulnerable to shocks, causing banks to anticipate risks arising from liquidity. The purpose of this study is to analyze the comparison of the determinants of liquidity of Conventional Commercial Banks (BUK) and Islamic Commercial Banks (BUS) in Indonesia based on the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) and Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) in the period 2016 to 2020. Data analysis techniques used is panel data regression. The panel data regression results show economic growth as a systematic variable has a positive effect on banking liquidity risk in Indonesia, and non-performing loans (financing) as a non-systematic variable have a negative effect on banking liquidity risk in Indonesia.
Keyword: BUK, BUS, non-systematic determinants of liquidity risk, systematic determinants of liquidity risk

Judul: Biology Of Columbia Lance Nematode (Hoplolaimus Columbus Sher) On Soybean Excised Root Culture
Abstrak: S. Supramana, S. A. Lewis,.J. D. Mueller, B. A. Fortnum, and R. E. Ballard. 2001. Biology of Columbia lance nematod. ~ (Hoplolaimus columbus Sher) on soybean excised root culture. Nematropica 31 :283-2~)O. Feeding, egg development and oviposition, embryology, and postembtyonic development or Hoplolaimus col'lmbuswere observed on soybean (cultivar Hutcheson) excised root culture in Gam borg's B5 medium (pH 5.7,1.3% agar). Petri plate sterile cultures were placed inverted on a heated microscope stage (30°C) and observations were conducted using a color video camera and a time lapse digital videoca:;sette recorder. Oocytes were obsetved in each gonad 38 hours after feeding commenced and all egg possessing a terminal stalk was laid 96 hours later. Eggs were deposited it, the one-celled stag~ and a total of 217 hours (9 days) was required for a"newly laid egg to develop into a hatching second-stage juvenile at 30°C. Postembryonic development consisted of threejuvenile stages and an adult female with prior feeding occurring before molts and oviposition. The nematode fed ectoparasiticallyon the subepidermal cells and endoparasitically in the cortex and outer vascular tissue and remained at the infection site for 2·9 days. Key words: Columbia lance nematode, embryology, excised root culture, feeding behavior, HOfilo{aimus columbus, life cycle, oviposition, postembryonic development, soybean.
Keyword: