Judul: Proximate Analysis and Inhibition Activities of Forest Honey, Rambutan Honey and Longan Honey on Cancer Cells MCF-7
Abstrak: Kanker adalah penyakit akibat pertumbuhan sel-sel jaringan tubuh yang abnormal. Penanganannya yang mahal dan berbahaya mendorong pencarian pengobatan alternatif dengan sumber alam. Madu diketahui memiliki komposisi senyawa yang bersifat antikanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji aktivitas antikanker madu rambutan, kelengkeng, dan hutan dan kandungan proksimatnya. Analisis proksimat terdiri atas analisis kadar air, abu, protein, lemak, energi total dan karbohidrat. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa madu mengandung lemak total (<0,02%) dan protein (0,04%) yang rendah. Selanjutnya, aktivitas antikanker diuji menggunakan sel kanker payudara MCF-7 dengan metode MTT (3-(4,5- dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) dengan tiga kali pengulangan. Madu menunjukkan aktivitas penghambatan yang sangat lemah terhadap sel MCF-7. Madu rambutan memiliki aktivitas penghambatan tertinggi (121,81±2,04 ppm) diikuti madu kelengkeng (199,32±1,60 ppm) dan madu hutan (339,24±1,02 ppm). Kendati aktivitas penghambatannya yang lemah, madu menjanjikan untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut sebagai pengobatan antikanker dengan mengisolasi senyawa yang bertanggung jawab untuk aktivitas antikanker., Cancer is a disease caused by abnormal growth of body tissue cells. Expensive and dangerous treatment encourage the search for alternative medicine with natural sources. Honey is known for its anticancer properties. This study aims to examine the anticancer activity of rambutan, longan, and forest honey and their proximate content. Proximate analysis consisted of analysis of water content, ash, protein, fat, total energy and carbohydrates. The proximate test results showed that honey contained very low total fat (<0.02%) and protein (0.04%). Furthermore, the anticancer activity of honey was tested using MCF-7 breast cancer cells with the MTT test (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) with three repetitions. Honey showed very weak inhibitory activity against MCF-7. Rambutan honey had the best inhibitory activity (121.81±2.04 ppm) followed by longan honey (199.32±1.60 ppm) and forest honey (339.24±1.02 ppm). The weak inhibition, nevertheless, promises the honey to be further developed as anticancer treatments by isolating the compounds responsible for the anticancer activity.
Keyword: anticancer activity, cancer, honey, MTT assay

Judul: Cytotoxicity Test and Colon Anticancer Activity of the Monoflora Honey of Bees (Apis Mellifera) with Variations of Nectar Sources
Abstrak: Kanker kolon merupakan kanker dengan jumlah kasus dan jumlah kematian terbanyak di dunia. Madu monoflora dari Apis mellifera merupakan salah satu bahan alam yang berpotensi sebagai antikanker kolon dan memerlukan kajian lebih lanjut karena efektivitasnya dipengaruhi oleh perbedaan jenis sumber nektar. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan jenis madu monoflora Apis mellifera yang sumber nektarnya berasal dari tanaman-tanaman di Indonesia sebagai antikanker kolon terbaik berdasarkan nilai LC50 dan persentase inhibisi terhadap sel WiDr. Madu diuji dengan metode BSLT dan MTT assay kemudian data dianalisis secara statistik serta dilakukan PCA dan klasterisasi K-means. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan seluruh madu berpotensi sebagai antikanker kolon. Analisis biplot pada PCA dan klasterisasi K-means menunjukkan madu dengan potensi antikanker kolon terbaik adalah madu akasia, madu mangga, dan madu kapuk randu. Ketiga madu tersebut memiliki nilai LC50 rendah dengan metode BSLT, yaitu masing-masing sebesar 153,816 ppm, 164,207 ppm, dan 170,053 ppm. Ketiga madu tersebut memiliki persentase penghambatan yang besar terhadap sel kanker WiDR, yaitu masing-masing sebesar 72,42%, 74,31%, dan 63,96%., Colon cancer is a cancer with the highest number of cases and deaths in the world. Monoflora honey from Apis mellifera is one of the natural ingredients that has the potential as an anticancer colon and requires further study because its effectiveness is influenced by different types of nectar sources. This study aims to determine the type of Apis mellifera monoflora honey which sources its nectar from plants in Indonesia as the best colon anticancer based on the LC50 value and the percentage of inhibition against WiDr cells. Honey was tested using the BSLT and MTT assay methods, then the data was analyzed statistically and PCA and K-means clustering were carried out. The results showed that all honey has the potential as an anticancer colon. Biplot analysis on PCA and K-means clustering showed that the honey with the best colon anticancer potential was acacia honey, mango honey, and kapok honey. The three honeys had low LC50 values using the BSLT method, namely 153,816 ppm, 164,207 ppm and 170,053 ppm respectively. The three honeys had a large percentage of inhibition against WiDR cancer cells, namely 72,42%, 74,31% and 63,96%, respectively.
Keyword: cytotoxicity, antiproliferation, honey, nectar, clustering

Judul: The impact and contribution of the tourism sector to the Indonesian economy : an I-O and SAM approach
Abstrak: Tourism is an important and strategic sector for the Indonesian economy. The sector has been growing for the last two decades to enhance its contribution to the GDP, employment, regional, local economy, and to strengthen the balance of payment. In particular, a planned economy was introduced to provide substantial opportunities to utilize tourism as a mechanism for national development. As a service-based sector, tourism as also considered to be a vehicle of converting the manufacturing economy to a service economy which makes the delivery of the product rather than the creation of the product the most important thing.
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