Judul: Production Performance of Bali Cattle at Kuamang abadi of Sekolah Peternakan Rakyat at Bungo District, Province of Jambi
Abstrak: Sapi bali merupakan ternak asli Indonesia yang mempunyai potensi genetik dan nilai ekonomis yang cukup potensial untuk dikembangkan. Sekolah Peternakan Rakyat (SPR) Kuamang Abadi Kabupaten Bungo memiliki potensi pengembangan sapi yang luas, dengan 90% populasinya adalah sapi bali. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui tingkat kinerja produksi sapi bali di sekolah peternakan rakyat Kuamang Abadi, Kecamatan Pelepat Ilir, Kabupaten Bungo dengan dilihat dari data morfometrik (ukuran-ukuran tubuh), sistem manajemen pemeliharaan (intensif, semi intensif, ekstensif) dan kategori umur yang berbeda. Pada penelitian ini sapi bali yang diamati sebanyak 185 ekor, dengan sistem pemeliharaan dan umur yang beragam. Data produktivitas dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Faktorial dengan 2 faktor perlakuan yaitu Sistem Pemeliharaan dan Umur dengan ulangan yang berbeda. Hasil yang diperoleh di Sekolah Peternakan Rakyat (SPR) Kuamang Abadi tidak menunjukan perbedaan morfometrik tubuh yang berbeda nyata, baik yang dipelihara secara intensif, semi intensif maupun ekstensif. Sedangkan pada kategori umur yang berbeda terdapat perubahan ukuran tubuh yang berbeda nyata dari setiap kategori umurnya ( < 1 tahun, 1- 2 tahun dan >2 tahun). Meskipun demikian, jika dilihat dari morfometrik pada sapi bali di Sekolah Peternakan Rakyat (SPR) Kuamang Abadi hasilnya sudah cukup baik., Bali cattle are native Indonesian cattle that have potential genetic and economic value to be developed. Sekolah Peternakan Rakyat (SPR) of Kuamang Abadi, District of Bungo has wide potential for cattle development, with 90% of the population being Bali cattle. This study aims to determine the performance level of bali cattle production at the SPR of Kuamang Abadi, District of Bungo by looking at morphometric data (body measurements), maintenance management systems (intensive, semi-intensive, extensive) and different age categories. In this study, 185 bali cattle were observed, with various rearing systems and ages. Productivity data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 treatment factors, namely the maintenance system and age with different replications. The results obtained at the SPR of Kuamang Abadi did not show significant differences in body morphometrics, whether reared intensively, semi-intensively or extensively. Meanwhile, in different age categories, changes in body size were significantly different from each age category (< 1 year, 1-2 years and > 2 years). However, when viewed from the morphometrics of bali cattle at the SPR of Kuamang Abadi the results are quite good.
Keyword: bali cattle, morphometrics Sekolah Peternakan Rakyat (SPR)

Judul: New Initiative to Build a Breeding Business of Bali Cattle Based on Community in Field Station of Sekolah Peternakan Rakyat (SL-SPR)
Abstrak: The government has launched a meat self-sufficiency program to meet meat needs since 2005. The main target was to increase the population of cattle in smallholder farmers. The problem is that there are no records and data on smallholder farmers so that it is difficult to increase the population of cattle. The purpose of this study was to (1) produce baseline data on the productive and reproductive performance of Bali cattle and their supporting factors which are used as the basis for starting recording at SL-SPR Maju Bersama (2) to analyze the carrying capacity with feed production and the carrying capacity index of forage land (3) to analyze the projection of Bali cattle population in the next 10 years so that it can be used as basic data to start a breeding business. The research was conducted at SL-SPR Maju Bersama, Sungai Lilin District, Musi Banyuasin Regency in October-December 2019. The material used in this study was the all population of bali cattle, totaling 330 head of the dam belonging to 219 farmers in SL-SPR Maju Bersama, Sungai Lilin District. This study was used survey methods and direct observation of the research object. The parameters analyzed were the potential of bali cattle, reproductive performance, the potential of feed resources and carrying capacity as well as the projection of the bali cattle population for the next 10 years based on 3 simulations, constant, improvement through the SPR program, and intervention of SPR with the government. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis by presenting the test results in tabular form as well as the non-parametric Kruskal Wallis test to analyze the influence of factors that affect the reproductive performance of the dam. The projection of bali cattle population was calculated by the Microsoft Excel program. The results showed that the population of bali cattle in SL-SPR Maju Bersama was 1 277 heads. The dam as much as 72.7% came from non-groups, while the others were born and came from in the SPR group; 87.9% owned by themselves, while the others were profit sharing; 70% maintained intensively while the others maintained by semi-intensively and extensively; 58% mated by AI, while the others by natural; 24.5% were in the age range of 3-4 years and 43.0% had a BCS value of 3. The reproductive performance was obtained, age first calving 1 098 ± 12 days; calving interval 455.4 ± 8.33 days; days open 169.4 ± 8.33 and service per conception 5.37 ± 0.42. The origin and age of the dam had a significant effect on calving interval, days open and service per conception (P <0.05). Ownership status had a significant effect (P <0.05) on the age first calving. The total production of feed obtained from forages and agricultural crop residues as much as 15 646.92 tonnes of DM per year with a capacity of 6 259 AU and a capacity to increase the population of ruminants by 5 063 AU. The projection of the bali cattle population for the next 10 years with constant projections, projections with the SPR program and projections of SPR intervention with
Keyword: Bali cattle, Sekolah Peternakan Rakyat, reproductive performance

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
Keyword: