Judul: Biopelet Cangkang dan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit sebagai Sumber Energi Alternatif Terbarukan
Abstrak: Biopelet merupakan salah satu bahan bakar alternatif yang terbarukan dari bahan baku biomassa. Pada penelitian ini bahan baku yang digunakan adalah cangkang dan tandan kosong kelapa sawit berukuran 80 mesh. Penambahan tandan kosong kelapa sawit pada biopelet cangkang kelapa sawit ini adalah 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100%. Pembuatan biopelet menggunakan alat kempa hidrolik bertekanan 526.48 kg/cm2 pada suhu 200 0C selama 15 menit. Kualitas biopelet dievaluasi dengan mengukur kerapatan, keteguhan tekan, uji proksimat (kadar air, kadar zat terbang, kadar abu, dan kadar karbon terikat) dengan menggunakan standar ASTM D 5142–02, dan nilai kalor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biopelet dengan penambahan tandan kosong kelapa sawit 25% paling baik untuk dijadikan bahan bakar alternatif karena memiliki nilai kalor yang tinggi, sedangkan kadar abu, kadar zat terbang, dan kadar air rendah.
Keyword: biopelet, cangkang kelapa sawit, tandan kosong kelapa sawit

Judul: Biopelet Cangkang dan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit sebagai Sumber Energi Alternatif Terbarukan
Abstrak: Biopelet merupakan salah satu bahan bakar alternatif yang terbarukan dari bahan baku biomassa. Pada penelitian ini bahan baku yang digunakan adalah cangkang dan tandan kosong kelapa sawit berukuran 80 mesh. Penambahan tandan kosong kelapa sawit pada biopelet cangkang kelapa sawit ini adalah 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100%. Pembuatan biopelet menggunakan alat kempa hidrolik bertekanan 526.48 kg/cm2 pada suhu 200 0C selama 15 menit. Kualitas biopelet dievaluasi dengan mengukur kerapatan, keteguhan tekan, uji proksimat (kadar air, kadar zat terbang, kadar abu, dan kadar karbon terikat) dengan menggunakan standar ASTM D 5142–02, dan nilai kalor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biopelet dengan penambahan tandan kosong kelapa sawit 25% paling baik untuk dijadikan bahan bakar alternatif karena memiliki nilai kalor yang tinggi, sedangkan kadar abu, kadar zat terbang, dan kadar air rendah.
Keyword: biopelet, cangkang kelapa sawit, tandan kosong kelapa sawit

Judul: Studi sistematika  Oreophryne Boettger, 1895Sulawesi (Anura: Microhylidae)
Abstrak: The cross frogs, genus Oreophryne Boettger, 1895 are most diverse in the mainland of New Guinea and adjacent islands, to the Wallacea region in the Moluccas, Sulawesi, and the Lesser Sunda Islands, even marginally to the Oriental region in Bali and to the southern Philippine Islands. In Sulawesi, this taxon consists of three species but has rarely been reported since their original descriptions and remained unstudied in both taxonomical work and molecular study. This research aims to evaluate the taxonomic status of the cross frogs in Sulawesi based on morphology and estimate the phylogenetic using the 16S rRNA gene. The phylogenetic tree was reconstructed under Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI) analyses. We used the specimens of Sulawesian Oreophryne which were stored at the Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB). A total of about 19 morphological characters were measured by a digital caliper and ocular micrometer to the nearest 0.01 mm. The phylogenetic tree shows that the three nominal species of Oreophryne from Sulawesi are clearly clustered. Correspondingly, the phylogenetic analysis supports the recognition of a new taxon, Oreophryne sp. However, the phylogenetic relationships between Oreophryne within Wallacea remain unresolved. Consequently, further systematic analysis along with additional sequences from the type locality is necessary to clarify the interspecific relationship among this region. We examined the morphology of 50 voucher specimens of Sulawesian Oreophryne. The validity of O. celebensis, O. variabilis, and O. zimmeri was confirmed in this study, but still the latter remains to be established. The three nominal species examined here were not collected from the type locality, so additional specimens, either in the type locality, new locations, or in other areas on this island are needed to evaluate the taxonomic status of these species deeply. Moreover, the unnamed species from the highland of the Mekongga mountains differ morphologically and genetically from all previously described Sulawesian Oreophryne. This distinct species will increase the number of cross frogs in Sulawesi to four species, all of which are endemic.
Keyword: frog, morphology, Oreophryne, phylogenetic, Sulawesi, systematics