Judul: Lama pemberian ekstrak air buah pare (Momordica charantia L.) terhadap konsumsi dan penggunaan ransum pada hamster jantan (Mesocricetus auratus) dan dampaknya pada hamster betina pasangannya
Abstrak: Hamster (Mesocricetua auratus) is a pet animal that many hobiies like to take care of it. Hamster has cheek pouch to store the feed and it likes to peal the feed in the corner of cage. Until this time, the amount of feed required by hamster was not yet been know. For this purpose, experiment should be conducted. Hamster is pet animal which has high frequency to reproduce and this will be a problem for hobiiesin handling or in nursing the hamster. So, an effort to reduce the reproduction frequency is necessary.
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Judul: Pengaruh lama pemberian ekstrak air buah pare (Momordica charanthia L.) terhadap konsumsi dan penggunaan ransum hamster betina (Mesocricetus auratus)
Abstrak: Hamster merupakan hewan yang mempunyai kemampuan cepat berkembang biak, sehingga hal tersebut merupakan kendala tertentu bagi sebagian penggemar hamster (hobiis), karena dengan jumlah yang senantiasa bertambah banyak akan menjadikan para hobiis tersebut menjadi kewalahan dalam penanganan. Suatu upaya perlu dilakukan untuk menurunkan tingkat reproduksi hamster betina supaya dapat ditangani dengan baik yaitu dengan cara pemberian ekstrak air buah pare. Tanaman pare (Momordica charantia L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat tradisional yang mempunyai nilai kegunaan yang cukup tinggi bagi kesehatan manusia dan dipercaya memiliki kemampuan sebagai bahan kontrasepsi bagi pria dan wanita, karena tanaman pare ini mempunyai efek anti implantasi, efek estrogenik dan efek anti spermatogenesis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai pengaruh lama pemberian ekstrak air buah pare terhadap konsumsi dan penggunaan ransum pada hamster betina. Perlakuan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari : R1 = pakan tanpa ekstrak air buah pare selama empat minggu (kontrol); R2 = pakan (R1) + ekstrak air buah pare selama satu minggu; R3 = pakan (R1) + ekstrak air buah pare selama dua minggu; R,i = pakan (R1) + ekstrak air buah pare selama tiga minggu; R5 = pakan (R1) + ekstrak air buah pare selama empat minggu. Hamster yang digunakan sebanyak 24 ekor, yaitu 20 ekor hamster betina dan empat ekor hamster jantan sebagai pasangan. Hamster-hamster tersebut didistribusikan menjadi lima taraf perlakuan, masing-masing perlakuan terdiri dari empat ulangan. Peubah yang diamati, antara lain: konsumsi ransum segar, bahan kering (BK) dan zat makanan, pertambahan bobot badan (PBB), efisiensi penggunaan ransum (EPR), tingkat reproduksi hamster betina, lingkar perut dan pengamatan pada induk bunting dan anak hamster. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis ragam ANOVA (Analysis of Variance), kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji ortogonal polinomial untuk melihat perbedaan antara perlakuan. Pemberian ekstrak air buah pare secara oral pada hamster betina (Mesocricetus aura/us) dengan dosis 0,6 ml/ekor/hari tidak berpengaruh terhadap konsumsi ransum segar, bahan kering (BK) dan zat makanan, pertambahan bobot badan (PBB) dan efisiensi penggunaan ransum (EPR). Hasil penelitian ini masih belum dapat membuktikan bahwa pemberian ekstrak air buah pare dapat menurunkan tingkat reproduksi hamster betina ditinjau dari hasil pengamatan pada jumlah induk yang bunting dan anak yang dihasilkan.
Keyword: Ekstrak air buah pare, Mesocricetus auratus, Konsumsi dan Penggunaan ransum, Sifat reproduksi hamster, Hamster

Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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