Judul: The Role of Leading Sectors in Supporting the  Economic Growth of East Java Province Before and During the Covid-19  Pandemic
Abstrak: Jawa Timur merupakan salah satu penggerak perekonomian Indonesia karena merupakan penyumbang PDRB terbesar kedua setelah DKI Jakarta. Namun, pada tahun 2020 perekonomian Jawa Timur menunjukkan kontraksi pertumbuhan hingga nilainya mencapai -2,33 persen. Hal tersebut tidak lepas dari adanya pandemi Covid-19 yang menyebabkan sebagian lapangan usaha juga menunjukkan pertumbuhan negatif. Dalam rangka mencapai tujuan dan sasaran pembangunan daerah terkhusus pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah secara optimal di Provinsi Jawa Timur, maka pembangunan daerah dapat disusun menurut tujuan antar sektor. Dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif, pendekatan Location Quotient (LQ), pendekatan Shift Share, dan overlay melalui nilai PDRB Rill menurut lapangan usaha berdasarkan harga konstan 2010 didapatkan empat sektor unggulan diantaranya sektor industri pengolahan; perdagangan besar dan eceran, reparasi mobil dan sepeda motor; penyediaan akomodasi dan makan minum; informasi dan komunikasi. Keempat sektor unggulan tersebut memiliki peran penting dalam mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi di Jawa Timur karena memiliki laju pertumbuhan yang cepat, kontribusi yang tinggi, dan pangsa pasar yang luas baik sebelum adanya pandemic maupun saat pandemi covid-19. Sehingga pemerintah perlu memprioritaskan sektor-sektor unggulan tersebut dalam mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi di Provinsi Jawa Timur., East Java is one of the driving forces of Indonesia's economy as it is the second-largest contributor to the Gross Regional Domestic Product (PDRB) after DKI Jakarta. However, in 2020, the economy of East Java experienced a contraction with a growth rate reaching -2.33 percent. This was primarily due to the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, which led to negative growth in several sectors. In order to achieve the objectives and targets of regional development, especially in terms of economic growth in East Java Province, regional development can be structured according to inter-sectoral goals. Through descriptive analysis, the Location Quotient (LQ) approach, the Shift Share approach, and overlay using the Real Gross Domestic Product (PDRB Rill) based on constant prices in 2010, four leading sectors were identified. These sectors are the manufacturing industry, wholesale and retail trade, motor vehicle and motorcycle repair, accommodation, and food services, as well as information and communication. These four leading sectors play a crucial role in supporting economic growth in East Java due to their rapid growth rate, high contribution, and broad market share, both before and during the Covid-19 pandemic.Hence, the government needs to prioritize these leading sectors to support economic growth in East Java Province.
Keyword: Covid-19, Economic Growth, Gross Domestic Regional Product, Overlay, Location Quotient, Shift Share

Judul: The Impact of Covid-19 on the agricultural sector  GRDP in Central Java  Province
Abstrak: Sektor pertanian memiliki peran penting dalam pembangunan ekonomi daerah khususnya di Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Provinsi Jawa Tengah mendapat julukan sebagai salah satu “daerah lumbung pangan nasional”. Sektor pertanian memiliki fungsi primer sebagai penyedia bahan pangan hingga persebaran distribusi pendapatan masyarakat melalui tingginya tingkat kesempatan kerja. Adanya pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan perubahan struktur ekonomi dan berdampak pada penurunan laju pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah. Salah satu sektor yang berpeluang emas untuk membangkitkan pertumbuhan ekonomi adalah sektor pertanian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi PDRB sektor pertanian di Jawa Tengah, membandingkan PDRB sektor pertanian Jawa Tengah antara data aktual dengan hasil peramalan SARIMA selama masa pandemi Covid-19 serta memproyeksikan PDRB sektor pertanian selama empat tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi data panel dan model Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: 1) faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi PDRB sektor pertanian di Jawa Tengah secara positif dan signifikan adalah tenaga kerja sektor pertanian dan kredit pertanian sedangkan faktor negatifnya adalah Covid-19; dan 2) Pandemi Covid-19 berpengaruh terhadap menurunnya pertumbuhan sektor pertanian di Jawa Tengah dengan total prediksi penurunan PDRB sektor pertanian sebesar 5,67 triliun rupiah serta proyeksi pertumbuhan sektor pertanian sampai dengan tahun 2024 terus mengalami peningkatan dengan pertumbuhan yang lambat rata-rata 2,38%., The agricultural sector has an important role in regional economic development, especially in Central Java Province. Central Java Province has earned the nickname as one of the “national food storage areas”. The agricultural sector has a primary function as a provider of food and distribution of community income through high levels of employment opportunities. The Covid-19 pandemic has caused changes in the economic structure and had an impact on reducing the rate of regional economic growth. One sector that has a golden opportunity to generate economic growth is the agricultural sector. This research aims to analyze the factors that influence the GRDP of the agricultural sector in Central Java, compare the GRDP of the Central java agricultural sector between actual data and SARIMA forecasting results during the Covid-19 pandemic and project the GRDP of the agricultural sector for four years. This research uses the panel data regression method and the Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model. The research results show that: 1) the factors that positively and significantly influence the GRDP of agricultural sector in Central Java Province are agricultural sector labor and agricultural credit, while the negative factor is Covid-19; and 2) the Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in a decline in the growth of the agricultural sector in Central Java with a total predicted GRDP loss in the agricultural sector of 5,67 trillion rupiah and the projected growth of the agricultural sector until 2024 continues to increase with slow growth averaging 2,38%.
Keyword: Data panel, PDRB sektor pertanian, RPJMD, Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average

Judul: Hybrid solar cells of ZnO nanoparticles/chlorophyll was modified metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+ )
Abstrak: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a n-type semiconductor with a wide the energy band (Band Gap) is 3.37 eV at room temperature and 3.34 eV at low temperature with a large exiton binding energy is 60 meV. ZnO has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, resulting in a decrease in particle size over the duration of the hydrothermal changes. Crystallographic structure of ZnO were characterized using XRD, has shown the characteristic pattern of a hexagonal wurtzite structure, the crystallite size increases to changes in particle size. Changes in particle size has also led to a change in the absorption peak of ZnO as has been demonstrated posted under test using the optical properties of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Changes of this uptake has also led to changes in the energy band gap, which increases its band gap energy of the particle size. In electronic applications, especially in solar cells. Chlorophyll is considered less effective, because of their very nature are easily degraded as a result of several reactions which are acid, lighting and temperature. The results of the stability test using a halogen lamp 34 W/m2 for 5 hours, that the substitution of chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form more stable than natural chlorophyll. The characterization of the optical properties, the combination of ZnO / chlorophyll in the form of hybrid films has led to a shift in the absorption region of ZnO becomes more widely from the UV to Visible. ZnO/chlorophyll has absorption range of 350-515 nm, ZnO / Zn-feofitin 332-401 nm and 332-632 nm for Cu-feofitin. The combination of ZnO/chlorophyll and CuSCN as a solid electrolite in hybrid solar cell, a modified chlorophyll with metal ions Zn2+ and Cu2+ has been shown to form a more stable I-V curve. It is characterized by its fill factor value greater than natural chlorophyll. Nevertheless, solar cells with natural chlorophyll has been able to produce higher efficiency values of chlorophyll were substituted.
Keyword: Hydrothermal, ZnO/Chlorophyll modified, Hybrid Solar Cell