Judul: Desain Proses Pengolahan Keripik Jamur Tiram Putih (Pleurotus ostreatus) dengan Menggunakan Vacuum Frying
Abstrak: Oyster mushroom (Pleorotus ostreatus) is potential vegetable which has high nutritional value. Oyster mushroom is perishable and plenitude in rainy season therefore it needs proper processing to give added value and extend shelf life through process oyster mushroom into chips. The objectives of this research were obtaining the condition of processing oyster mushroom chips, analyzing the characteristic and taking response of some panelists toward chips. The results of the experiment were two kind of products named salty and sweet chip. The experimental design used group randomized with two factors. First factor for salty chips was concentration of salt solution (A), divided into three levels those were 0,5% (A1), 1% (A2) and 1,5% (A3). The second factor was freezing treatment before frying divided into two levels; those were with freezing (B1) and unfreezing (B2). Meanwhile, the first factor for sweet chips was sugar concentration solution (A) divided into three levels; those were 3% (A1), 5% (A2) and 7% (A3). The second factor for sweet chips was freezing treatment before frying (B) which was divided into freezing (B1) and unfreezing (B2). The experiment consist of several stages, there were characteristic of fresh oyster mushroom, determination of salt and sugar concentration through trial and error, determination of frying period through trial and error, and processing of oyster mushroom chips. The characteristic of product will be analyzed and tested by hedonic test. Based on the experiment result, process design of oyster mushroom chips by using vacuum frying is temperature 88°C and pressure 700 mmHg. There were twice times of frying during 24 hours. First frying was running for 35 minutes, while the second frying was 5 minutes. The best treatment for salty chips was soaked into 1% salt solution and froze. Whereas the best treatment for sweet chips was soaked into 7% sugar solution and froze. From the whole experiment, salty chips yield is 18,65-20,83%, 1,73-2,39% of water content, 55,31-59,81% of fat content, 14,89-17,00% of fiber content, 2,86-4,57% of ash content, 2,07-2,59% of protein, and 0,27-0,36% of FFA value. Based on organoleptic test, panelists mostly preferred chips which produced by soaking in 1% of salt concentration and freezing treatment. Sweet chips yield is 19,48-25,48%, 1,52-2,32 % of water content, 48,26-57,30% of fat content, 13,48-17,96% of fiber content, 1,55-2,27% of ash content, 1,92-2,75% of protein, and 0,30-0,41% of FFA value. Based on organoleptic test, panelists mostly preferred chips which produced by soaking in 7% of sugar concentration and freezing treatment. The best treatment for salty chips yield is 19,14%, 1,80% of water content, 59,38% of fat content, 15,56% of fiber content, 3,53% of ash content, 2,23% of protein and 0,30% of FFA value. The best treatment for sweet chips yield is 21,65%, 1,52% of water content, 54,75% of fat content, 17,96% of fiber content, 1,57% of ash content, 1,92% of protein and 0,41% of FFA value.
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Judul: Optimasi suhu dan waktu penggorengan hampa jamur tiram (Pleurotus ostreatus)
Abstrak: Sejak lama jamur dikenal sebagai makanan istimewa. Sebagai negara agraris dan penghasil kayu terkemuka di dunia, Indonesia banyak menghasilkan limbah yang dapat digunakan sebagai media pertumbuhan jamur. Diantara berbagai jenis jamur pangan yang ada, jamur tiram memiliki rasa yang khas dan kandungan proteinnya paling tinggi dibanding jamur lainnya. Sinergi logis dari kondisi tersebut di atas adalah mengusahakan alternatif pengolahan jamur tiram putih yang dapat meningkatkan penerimaan konsumen serta menambah nilai ekonomi produk olahannya. Karena itu pengolahan keripik jamur tiram dengan menggunakan vacuum frying, optimasi faktor-faktor yang sangat berpengaruh dalam menentukan karakteristik produk gorengan seperti suhu dan waktu menjadi penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kondisi optimum suhu dan waktu penggorengan vakum jamur tiram putih sehingga dapat menghasilkan produk keripik yang dapat diterima konsumen. Pada penelitian pendahuluan dilakukan uji penggorengan hampa, kinerja produk serta teknik penyiapannya. Perlakuan yang diterapkan pada pembuatan keripik ini adalah dengan metode trial and error, antara lain terhadap trimming bahan, perlu tidaknya perendaman dalam Na-bisulfit 1000 ppm selama 10 menit, suhu dan waktu penggorengan. Suhu yang dicobakan pada penelitian pendahuluan adalah 90°C, 95°C, 100°C, 105°C dan 110°C dengan waktu berkisar antara 6 sampai 45 menit...
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Judul: Cycle Hamilton pada Graf Lengkap, Graf Regular, dan Graf 2-Connected 4-Regular Berorder Kurang dari Sepuluh.
Abstrak: Suatu graf disebut graf Hamilton apabila graf tersebut memuat cycle Hamilton, yaitu cycle yang melewati setiap vertex tepat satu kali. Menentukan keberadaan cycle Hamilton pada suatu graf dapat menggunakan syarat cukup yang berupa teorema-teorema yang telah diperkenalkan sejak tahun 1950-an. Beberapa syarat cukup yang dibahas dalam karya ilmiah ini adalah syarat cukup yang berhubungan dengan graf lengkap dan graf regular. ,,,
Keyword: graf Hamilton, graf regular, graf lengkap, graf 2-connected 4-regular.