Judul: Estimation of The Tourism Economic Loss in Puncak Tourism Area, Bogor Regency due to COVID-19 Pandemic
Abstrak: Sektor pariwisata Indonesia merupakan salah satu sektor yang cukup diminati oleh wisatawan, hal ini dapat dilihat dari jumlah kunjungan wisatawan pada tahun 2019 sebanyak 16.106.954 wisatawan. Salah satu kawasan wisata yang memiliki daya tarik wisata yang tinggi yaitu Kawasan Wisata Puncak yang terletak di Kabupaten Bogor. Pada awal tahun 2020, wabah Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) yang telah menjadi pandemi masuk ke Indonesia menyebabkan penurunan pada sektor pariwisata bukan hanya secara nasional, tetapi juga regional. Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar menyebabkan tempat wisata mengurangi kapasitas jumlah kunjungan wisatawan yang menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi pada pelaku usaha wisata di Kawasan Wisata Puncak. Berdasarkan permasalahan diatas, maka tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) Mengidentifikasi kebijakan pemerintah Kabupaten Bogor terkait Kawasan Wisata Puncak selama pandemi COVID-19, (2) Mengestimasi nilai kerugian ekonomi Kawasan Wisata Puncak selama pandemi COVID-19, (3) Menganalisis dampak risiko COVID-19 terhadap Kawasan Wisata Puncak di Kabupaten Bogor, (4) Mengidentifikasi implikasi kebijakan dalam upaya pemulihan Kawasan Wisata Puncak. Metode pengambilan sampel yaitu dengan teknik non-probability sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling dan metode analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif, Loss of Earning, dan Risk Assessment. Estimasi nilai kerugian ekonomi pada sektor pariwisata di Kawasan Wisata Puncak sebesar Rp 326.717.060.000/tahun. Analisis dampak risiko COVID-19 menunjukkan bahwa kategori wisatawan tidak taat protokol kesehatan, resepsionis, dan pembatasan kapasitas hotel 50% berada pada kelas risiko tinggi. Implikasi kebijakan pemerintah terkait sektor pariwisata selama pandemi COVID-19 adalah memberikan keringanan pajak dan wajib vaksinasi kepada pelaku usaha wisata dan wisatawan., The tourism sector is one of the high demand sector in Indonesia, as seen by the number of tourist visits in 2019 reached 16,106,954 visitors. Puncak Tourism Area is one of the most favorite tourism area in Bogor Regency. The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, which has been turned into pandemic, struck in Indonesia in the beginning of 2020, causing a decrease in tourism not only nationally but also regionally. Tourist destinations limit the capacity of tourist visits as a result of large-scale social restrictions, leads to an economic losses for tourism sector in Puncak Tourism Area. The objectives of this research are (1) To identify the Bogor Regency government's policy regarding Puncak Tourism Area due to COVID-19 pandemic; (2) Estimate the economic losses suffered by tourism sector in Puncak Tourism Area due to COVID-19 pandemic. (3) Analyze the impact of COVID-19 risk on the Puncak Tourism Area in Bogor Regency (4) Identify policy implications in efforts to recover Puncak Tourism Area. The method used in this research are descriptive analysis, loss of earning, and risk assessment. The total value of economic losses experienced by tourism sector due to COVID-19 pandemic in Puncak Tourism Area is IDR 326.717.060.000. According to the COVID-19 risk impact analysis, visitors who do not obey health protocols, receptionists, and 50 percent hotel capacity restrictions are included to the high risk category. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, government policies involving the tourism sector have resulted in tax incentives and required vaccines for tourism businesses and tourists.
Keyword: loss, risk assessment, social restrictions

Judul: Estimasi Nilai Kerugian Ekonomi Akibat COVID-19 Terhadap MICE Tourism di Kota Bogor
Abstrak: Pandemi CoronaVirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) yang sedang menyebar di seluruh dunia membawa pengaruh yang sangat besar bagi mobilitas manusia. Penyebaran yang cepat membuat pemerintah harus cepat tanggap guna mencegah penyebaran COVID-19. Salah satu tindakan pemerintah dalam mencegah penyebaran COVID-19 adalah membuat kebijakan terkait Pemberlakuan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB). Pemberlakuan kebijakan PSBB membawa dampak terhadap kunjungan dan penerimaan pariwisata. Salah satu sektor yang mengalami dampak tersebut adalah sektor wisata MICE (Meeting, Incentive, Convention, and Exhibition) tourism di Kota Bogor. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) mengidentifikasi penurunan wisatawan MICE tourism di Kota Bogor akibat COVID-19, (2) mengestimasi berapa besar kerugian ekonomi MICE tourism akibat adanya COVID-19 di Kota Bogor, (3) mengidentifikasi risiko akibat COVID-19 terhadap MICE tourism di Kota Bogor, (4) mengidentifikasi langkah dan strategi untuk upaya pemulihan MICE tourism di Kota Bogor. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penurunan wisatawan MICE tourism di Kota Bogor mencapai 62 % atau setara dengan 4.562.530 wisatawan. Kerugian ekonomi MICE tourism sebesar Rp 88.871.494.878. Hasil penilaian risiko pada sektor MICE tourism terdiri dari lima risiko tinggi dan tujuh risiko menengah. Langkah dan strategi pemulihan MICE tourism yang direkomendasikan yaitu melakukan penerapan CHSE (Cleanliness, Health, Safety and Environment Sustainability) di setiap hotel., The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which spread throughout the world, had a huge impact on human mobility. Rapid deployment makes the government must be responsive to prevent the spread of COVID-19 the implementation of the Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) which is one of the government actions to prevent COVID-19. The implementation of the PSBB influences the level of tourist visits and receipts One sector that has experienced this impact is the MICE (Meeting, Incentive, Convention, and Exhibition) tourism sector in Bogor City. The objectives of this study are: (1) to identify the decline in MICE tourism tourists in Bogor City due to COVID-19, (2) to estimate the economic loss of MICE tourism due to COVID-19 in Bogor City, (3) to identify risks due to COVID-19 on MICE tourism in Bogor City, (4) identify steps and strategies for efforts to restore MICE tourism in Bogor City. This study indicates that the decline in MICE tourism tourists in Bogor City reached 62 per cent or equivalent to 4,562,530 tourists. The economic loss of MICE tourism is Rp 88.871.494.878. The risk assessment results in the MICE tourism sector consist of five high risks and seven medium risks. The recommended steps and strategies for the recovery of MICE tourism are implementing CHSE (Cleanliness, Health, Safety, and Environment Sustainability) in every hotel.
Keyword: Government policies, Loss of earning, Risk assessment.

Judul: Membran Komposit Kitosan-Natrium Alginat untuk Aplikasi Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
Abstrak: Composite of chitosan and sodium alginate can be utilized as base material of proton exchange membrane (PEM). The composite membranes were produced by various concentrations of chitosan-sodium alginate, namely 3:3, 3:4, 3:5, 3:6, 4:3, 5:3, and 6:3 (% b/v). The composites were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and were tested for the performance as PEM from the proton conductivity obtained by using impedance spectrometer. The FTIR spectrum indicated the NH3C group at 1637.29 cm-1 and symmetrical COO group at 1253.68 cm-1 indicating interactions between chitosan and sodium alginate. SEM micrographs showed that the composite membrane was nonporous. Composite membrane with 3:5 chitosan-sodium alginate composition had the highest proton conductivity, namely 9.594 × 10-7 S/cm. Based on this research results, chitosan-sodium alginate composite membrane can be applied well in direct methanol fuel cell system.
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