Judul: Model Penjadwalan Keberangkatan Bus dengan Strategi Alternating Deadheading: Studi Kasus PO Raya
Abstrak: Bus Departure scheduling is one of important aspects in managing a bus company in order to minimize the operational cost. This scheduling is formulated as a linear integer programming model. The purpose of this model is to arrange buses from each city to meet transportation demand. The strategy of the model is to develop bus scheduling using deadheading. The deadheading strategy will be used if there is an unbalancy in the number of buses operated in one or more cities. The model with deadheading is one of efforts to minimize the frequency of bus departure in order to increase efficiency of the bus operation.
Keyword: alternating deadheading, linear integer programming, bus scheduling

Judul: Penentuan Rute Bus Karyawan menggunakan Pemrograman Linear Integer
Abstrak: Tulisan ini memberikan formulasi masalah penentuan rute bus karyawan menggunakan pemrograman linear integer. Rute setiap bus berawal dan berakhir di suatu tempat (depot) untuk menjemput karyawan melalui beberapa pos. Setiap pos dikunjungi tepat sekali oleh suatu bus dengan memperhatikan kapasitas setiap bus dan jarak tempuh maksimum setiap bus sehingga dapat dipastikan bahwa bus sampai depot (tempat kerja) sebelum jam kerja dimulai. Fungsi objektif masalah ini adalah meminimumkan biaya operasional seluruh bus yang dioperasikan. Biaya operasional setiap bus diasumsikan sepadan dengan biaya perawatan tetap dan biaya penggunaan yang sesuai dengan jarak perjalanan bus tersebut. Pada contoh studi kasus dengan menggunakan data hipotetik dalam karya ilmiah ini, biaya yang paling minimum diperoleh jika digunakan 4 unit bus. Total jarak yang ditempuh oleh keempat unit bus dalam menjemput atau mengantar karyawan adalah 247 km. Total biaya yang harus dikeluarkan untuk biaya operasional bus karyawan per harinya adalah 894000 rupiah.
Keyword: Integer linear programming, Branch-and-bound

Judul: Durability of Specific Immunoglobulin (Ig) Y Againts Influenza and Covid-19 in Sunscreen
Abstrak: The benefit of specific immunoglobulin Y (Ig Y) as an active ingredient in personal care products such as sunscreen has not been properly studied. Our study aims to evaluate the reliability of specific IgY against influenza and the COVID-19 virus in a sample sunscreen product. Specific IgY influenza and COVID-19 viruses were inserted in the sample sunscreen at two concentrations of 0.1% and 0.25%. Three treatments were observed: control (C) sunscreen without IgY, treatment 1 (T1) sunscreen with 0.1% IgY, and treatment 2 (T2) sunscreen with 0.25% IgY. Organoleptic observations were carried out to monitor changes in aroma, color, and texture, and sunscreen sampling was done every week for 6 weeks. The durability of IgY was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a neutralization assay. Organoleptic observation from weeks 1 to 6 showed consistency in its aroma, color, and texture. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization assay (NA) results of the T1 and T2 groups showed negative results except for sample T1 at week 5, which showed a positive result in the Influenza A ELISA. Based on the results, it seems that IgY concentrations of 0.1% or 0.25% were not optimal. However, this negative result might be due to low concentration of the IgY and the presence of beeswax, which inhibits IgY and causes it to dissolve in distilled water, thus preventing it from being detected in the assay.
Keyword: Immunoglobulin Y, Sunscreen, Influenza, COVID-19, Biological Activity