Judul: Development of Rapid Seed Vigor Test Method for Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.) Through Radicle Emergence Using Digital Image Processing
Abstrak: Digital imaging acquisition technology is a method of identifying seed quality that has high accuracy with a short process. This technology is based on twodimensional images taken using a camera. This study aimed to develop a rapid vigor seed testing method by radicle emergence test and digital imaging approach for mung bean (Vigna radiata L.). The study was arranged in a randomized complete block design, single factor - observation times i.e. 24 to 40 hours after planting (HAP), periodically in 2 hours, and four replications. The seed was germinated in between paper method, and stored in standard germinator (20±2 oC). Radicle length was categorized into 4 groups i.e. ≥1 mm, ≥2 mm, ≥50% of seed, and ≥ seed. The correlation and regression analysis were applied to identify the correlation among germination percentage, vigor index, maximum growth potential, germination speed, and normal seedlings dry weight. The radicle length ≥1 mm was observed at 36 HAP, ≥2 mm at 38 HAP, ≥50% of seed at 36 HAP, and ≥ seed at 34 HAP. Radicle length has a strong and positive correlation to vigor index and germination speed.
Keyword: radicle length, germination duration, seed quality, seed radicle, digital image evaluation

Judul: Development of Radicle Emergence Test on  Soybean Seeds (Glycine max L.) using Digital Image Processing
Abstrak: Pengolahan citra digital merupakan suatu teknik yang dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi mutu benih dalam waktu singkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan metode pengujian cepat vigor pada benih kedelai (Glycine maxL.) menggunakan metode pemunculan radikula atau radicle emergence (RE) dengan pengolahan citra digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak dengan empat ulangan dan dikecambahkan pada suhu 25 ± 2 ºC. Pengambilan citra dilakukan setiap dua jam sekali dalam rentang waktu 36-54 jam setelah benih dikecambahkan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengamati jumlah benih yang memiliki panjang radikula = 2 mm. Data panjang radikula tersebut kemudian dianalisis korelasi dan regresi terhadap tolok ukur mutu fisiologis benih, antara lain daya berkecambah, indeks vigor, potensi tumbuh maksimum, kecepatan tumbuh, dan mean radicle emergence time (MRET). Penelitian yang dilakukan memperoleh hubungan korelasi kuat antara panjang radikula = 2 mm dengan tolok ukur indeks vigor, kecepatan tumbuh, dan MRET pada benih kontrol serta korelasi kuat pada tolok ukur daya berkecambah dan indeks vigor pada cekaman salinitas NaCl konsentrasi 0,35% dan 0,7%. Korelasi kuat antara panjang radikula = 2 mm dengan tolok ukur vigor benih lainnya pada waktu pengecambahan 44 jam., Digital image processing is a technique that can be used to identify seed quality in a short time. This research aims to develop a rapid vigor testing method for soybean (Glycine max L.) seeds using the radicle emergence (RE) method with digital image processing. This research used a randomized complete group design with one factor with four replications and germinated at 25 ± 2 ºC. Images were taken every two hours within 36-54 hours after the seeds were germinated. This research was conducted by observing the number of seeds that had radicle length = 2 mm. The radicle length data was then analyzed for correlation and regression against the benchmarks of seed physiological quality, including germination, vigor index, maximum growth potential, growth speed, and mean radicle emergence time (MRET). The research conducted obtained a strong correlation on the benchmarks of vigor index, growth speed, and MRET in control seeds and a strong correlation on the benchmarks of germination and vigor index under NaCl salinity stress concentrations of 0.35% and 0.7%. Strong correlation between radicle length = 2 mm and other seed vigor benchmarks at germination time of 44 hours.
Keyword: ImageJ, percentage of radicula growth amount, germination period, seed viability, seed vigor

Judul: Kestabilan Kesetimbangan Model Cournot
Abstrak: Pasar oligopoli merupakan pasar yang terdiri atas sedikit penjual (Iebih dari satu) pada sisi penawaran dan ban yak pembeli pada sisi permintaan. Pasar oligopoli dengan dua perusahaan disebut pasar duopoli. Setiap penjual diasumsikan bertujuan untuk memaksimumkan laba. Besamya laba yang diperoleh oleh seorang penjual bergantung pada banyak hal, di antaranya pada harga dan strategi yang dipilihnya. Pada pasar oligopoli model Coumot, pemilihan tingkat output atau harga merupakan strategi yang dapat dipilih oleh penjual untuk memaksimumkan laba.
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