Judul: Characterization of phenotypic traits as early conservation strategy of the balenggek chicken in West Sumatera
Abstrak: The Balenggek chickens have been kept by rural communities for many generations in Payung Sakaki and Tigo Lurah, Regency of Solok, Province of West Sumatera. The Balenggek chickens is a long crower type fowl. This study was carried out to characterize phenotypic traits and to conduct crow analyze in the Balenggek chicken. A survey was carried out during June to December 2000 in 56 house holds. The survey guide was a questionnaire related to socio demographic status of the holders, flock characteristic and management of breeding stock. These data were processed using the Minitab. The crows were recorded using a Sony TCM-343 cassette recorder. The crow were analysed using Sound forge XP 4.5 and Spectrogram 6.4 the sound analysis programs and displayed a wave form and spectrogram. In the Balenggek chicken, crows is produced only by males for four reasons then; to proclaim to other males that this is his territory, to attract female to mate with them, as a prayer, and as a timer. It's crow can last 2.08-4.43 seconds. The average crow has 5.07 syllables, divided into three segments: first, middle and last segment. The frequency of crowing is 8.08 times per 10 minutes. The peak of crowing activity happen in the morning time with a frequency of 9.59 times per 10 minutes. The duration of a crow vary from 2.08 to 4.43 second. Conservation of the Balenggek chicken is a necessity of the small population, and also its limited distribution in a small area, and the exploitation rate from village area. Conservation model to proposed : 1). In-situ conservation in village area, and 2). The Balenggek chicken park as a tourist attraction. Based on the results, it is suggested the chicken crow have well defined acoustic structures, characteristic of each species as visualized in sound spectrogram and wave forms. The different structures of crow component can be used as an indicator for total syllables of a crow, and may be as a tool by a jury in Balenggek chicken crowing contests. Wave form displays can be used as an indicator of crow pattern. The kst time to conduct crowing contest is in the morning hours (07.00- 1 1.00).
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Judul: Teknik Penangkaran dan Kualitas Suara Cucak Rawa (Pycnonotus zeylanicus Gmelin, 1789) di Mega Bird and Orchid Farm, Bogor
Abstrak: The effort which can be established to save straw headed bulbul (Pcynonotus zeylanicus) that has decreased population is ex-situ conservation. Captivation technique, success indicator, voice training techniques performed by manager and distribution sound quality of straw headed bulbul varies need to be identified in order to find out the success rate in captivating straw headed bulbul. This research was conducted in Mega Bird and Orchid Farm, Bogor from March to April 2014. Descriptive and quantitative data analysis was applied in this research. The cage consist of growing cage, reproduction cage, and incubator. Foods given to the bird were banana, papaya, voer and cricket. The types of diseases recorded were diarrhea, white-colored feces, green-colored feces, flu, and paralyzed feet. The criteria and success rate in captivating were consist of medium-scaled egg hatching rate (68.69%), high breed rate (77.38%), and low mortality rate (10.34%). Song training techniques performed was close the straw headed bulbul cage that want to be trained with a cage of straw headed bulbul coach. Distribution sound quality of straw headed bulbul was varies
Keyword: straw headed bulbul, captivity

Judul: Solusi Geometri Schwarzschild untuk Dimensi 4+1 dengan Invarian Rotasi Isotropik
Abstrak: Metrik Schwarzschild merupakan solusi eksak pertama dari persamaan medan Einstein dengan mangasumsikan metrik statik dan simetris. Metrik Schwarzschild yang ditemukan oleh Karl Schwarzschild masih dalam dimensi 3+1, namun seiring dengan teori-teori terbaru yang menunjukkan bahwa alam semesta tidak hanya di dimensi 3+1. Maka melalui penambahan dimensi, tujuan penelitian ini memperoleh solusi pada geometri Schwarzschild untuk dimensi 4+1 dengan memodifikasi koordinat bola yang invarian rotasi isotropik dan melalui penurunan rumus seperti koordinat bola, simbol Christoffel, dan tensor Ricci. Selain mendapatkan solusi ini, metrik Schwarzschild dimensi 4+1 dapat digunakan sebagai metrik dasar untuk memperoleh solusi blackhole dan wormhole pada dimensi 4+1. Hasil akhirnya, dengan memanfaatkan modifikasi koordinat bola, metrik Schwarzschild dapat dibentuk sehingga diperoleh solusi geometri Schwarzschild untuk dimensi 4+1.
Keyword: metrik Schwarzschild, persamaan medan Einstein, modifikasi koordinat bola, penambahan dimensi, invarian rotasi isotropik