Judul: Kajian terhadap Jamur Pangan Pelawan (Boletus sp.) Khas Indonesia sebagai Sumber Potensial Pangan Fungsional
Abstrak: Pelawan mushroom (Boletus sp.) is an edible ectomycorrhizal mushroom which associated with pelawan tree in Bangka Belitung Province. Boletus sp. is consumed by local people and exported to Malaysia and Singapore. This study aimed to provide nutritional value and bioactive compound of the mushroom in order to support a promotion and development of functional food products derived from Indonesian national resources. The mushroom analysis included the determination of moisture, protein, fat, ash, carbohydrate, amino acid and fatty acid compositions, vitamin and mineral (K, P, Ca, Na, Fe, and Zn) contents, dietary fiber, antioxidant components, and antioxidant capacity. The results revealed that Boletus sp. contained high protein (15.47%), high carbohydrate (75.81%), low fat (3.47%), and also good source of dietary fiber (11.71%). Total essential amino acid accounted for 29.86% of total amino acid, leucine was the highest amino acid and methionine was the lowest amino acid in the mushroom. Boletus sp. is a good source of mineral and has high amount of biotin and vitamin C. Data of fatty acid compotitions showed that saturated fatty acid has higher score than unsaturated fatty acid. Fatty acid compositions primarily are stearic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, and oleic acid. Total phenolic content was the highest antioxidant component (4.77 mg GAE/g), followed by β-carotene (15.37 μg/g), and lycopene (6.34 μg/g). Based on IC50 value, Boletus sp. scavenged 50% DPPH radicals at 5.99 mg/ml. This study indicated that pelawan mushroom is nutritious and can be used as a source of functional food.
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Judul: Systematic Study and Bioprospecting of Wild Mushrooms in Indonesia
Abstrak: Indonesia memiliki kekayaan alam yang melimpah, termasuk jamur, tetapi sampai saat ini data mengenai jamur liar serta pemanfaatannya belum terdokumentasi dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan mengkarakterisasi jamur-jamur liar yang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat lokal, menganalisis senyawanya, menganalisis gizinya, serta melihat kemampuan ekstrak dalam aktivitas terhadap bakteri. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan opportunistic sampling. Sampel dianalisis taksonominya dengan identifikasi morfologi dan analisis molekuler. Analisis senyawa menggunakan GC-MS, dan kandungan gizinya berdasarkan analisis proksimat. Aktivitas antibakteri dianalisis dengan metode disc diffusion pada bakteri EPEC (Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli) dan Propionibacterium acne. Sembilan spesies jamur telah teridentifikasi: Pleurotus giganteus, Hohenbuehelia sp., Lentinula sp., Crepidotus sp., Pluteus sp., Trametes sp., Auricularia delicata, Scleroderma capeverdeanum, dan Trichaleurina javanica, Sebagian besar merupakan laporan terbaru untuk Indonesia. Sebanyak 200 senyawa teridentifikasi dari ekstrak empat spesies jamur, termasuk asam lemak, sterol, terpenoid, asam karboksil, cycloparaffins, dan asam benzoate. Hohenbuehelia sp. memiliki kadar air dan karbohidrat tertinggi, Lentinula sp. memiliki kadar serat kasar tertinggi, Pleurotus giganteus memiliki kadar abu dan kadar lemak tertinggi, dan Scleroderma capeverdeanum memiliki kadar protein tertinggi. Ekstrak jamur memiliki kemampuan menghambat bakteri EPEC dan Propionibacterium acne. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan informasi dasar tentang keanekaragaman jamur dan potensi senyawanya., Indonesia has abundant natural resources, including mushrooms yet their data about utilization remain scarce. This study aims to identify and characterize wild mushrooms utilized by locals, analyze their compounds, evaluate their nutritional contents, and assess the antibacterial activity of their extracts. Specimens taken from opportunistic sampling were identified based on morphological and molecular approaches. Their compounds were analyzed using GC-MS method. The nutritional value is assessed based on proximate analysis. Antibacterial activity was proven by disk diffusion test against Propionibacterium acne and EPEC (Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli). Nine species were identified: Pleurotus giganteus, Hohenbuehelia sp., Lentinula sp., Crepidotus sp., Pluteus sp., Trametes sp., Auricularia delicata, Scleroderma capeverdeanum, and Trichaleurina javanica. Most of these are new records for Indonesia. A total of 200 compounds were identified from the extracts of four mushroom species, including fatty acids, sterols, terpenoids, carboxylic acids, cycloparaffins, and benzoate acids. Hohenbuehelia sp. had the highest water and carbohydrate content, Lentinula sp. had the highest crude fiber content, Pleurotus giganteus had the highest ash and fat content, and Scleroderma capeverdeanum had the highest protein content. The mushroom extracts have the ability to inhibit selected bacteria. The results of this study provide information on mushroom diversity and their bioprospect.
Keyword: antibakteri, Biodiversitas, Jamur Liar, Proksimat, Taksonomi

Judul: Tinjauan Matematis pada Model Makroskopik dan Mikroskopik Arus Lalu-lintas
Abstrak: Traffic flow phenomenon can be described through mathematical model such as continuous dynamic model with an ordinary differential equation so that it can be solved with integral factors. In this paper three simple models of traffic flow are discussed, i.e, two macroscopic and one microscopic models. Macroscopic model formulates dynamics of the traffic flow that occurs on a large number of vehicles on a road. While the microscopic model explains drivers’ behavior in their interaction with other vehicles ahead, i.e, car-following model. This paper shows the existence of ordinary differential equation found in the traffic flow model and indicates some different representations in the context of the same model. It also reviews a simple model of traffic flow along a single link, which leads to some unexpected results, i.e, it can express the solution model in term of link outflows as well as trip time. In the microscopic model, simulation is done to illustrate the behavior of the drivers with a sensitivity coefficient as a benchmark parameter.
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