Judul: Mempelajari Pengaruh BTX (Benzene, Toluene, Xylene) Pada Biodegradasi Epiklorohidrin oleh Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain G3 dalam Medium Mengandung Pb
Abstrak: Kegiatan pembangunan yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan hidup rakyat temyata dapat memberikan efek yang kurang baik, yaitu limbah yang dihasilkan oleh industri, bagi lingkungan dan makhluk hidup. Diantara limbah yang dihasilkan oleh kegiatan industri tersebut adalah limbah bahan berbahaya dan beracun (Iimbah B3). Salah satu senyawa yang dikategorikan limbah B3 adalah senyawa epiklorohidrin. Senyawa epiklorohidrin dapat didegradasi oleh Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain G3, tetapi keberadaannya di alam tentunya tidak dapat dipisahkan dengan keberadaan senyawa lainnya seperti logam berat dan senyawa hidrokarbon yang banyak ditemukan sebagai bahan pencemar di Iingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari pertumbuhan P. aeruginosa Strain G3 dengan menggunakan sumber karbon epiklorohidrin (ECH) dan pada medium pertumbuhannya ditambahkan senyawa hidrokarbon dan logam berat. Senyawa hidrokarbon yang digunakan adalah senyawa Benzene, Toluene, dan Xylene (BTX) sedangkan senyawa logam berat yang digunakan adalah Pb(N03)2
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Judul: Mempelajari Pengaruh Ion Pb dan BTX terhadap Kinetika Pertumbuhan Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain G dan Aktivitas Perombakan Epiklorohidrin
Abstrak: Penggunaan senyawa kiimia tents berkembang pesat seiring dengan pesatnya pertumbuhan dunia industri dan pertanian. Senyawa kimia yang digunakan terkadang berlebihan sehingga menimbulkan masalah baru berupa pencemaran lingkungan. Bahan kimia yang dikenal sebagai pencemar lingkungan ada yang bersifat mutagenik dan lcarsinogenilc, sehingga dapat meinbahayakan mabluk hidup. Salah satu contoh dari senyawa tersebut adalah epilclorohidrin (ECI-I). ECH dikategorikan sebagai bahan B3 (Bahan Beracul dan Berbahaya) dan dimasukkan ke dalam Daftar Hitam pencenlar di Eropa. Dalam penelitian ini, ECH digunakan sebagai model senyawa pencemar.
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Judul: Characteristic of Overshooting Top (OT) Based on  Himawari  8  Satellite  as  a  Convective  Cloud  Feature  that  Generates  Extreme Weather in the Java Island Region
Abstrak: Overshooting Top (OT) is a feature at the top of a convective cloud that is associated with extreme weather. Research on OT in tropical Indonesia is still very limited. The existence of geostationary satellites with wide area coverage and fast frequency observations is useful for observing the fast dynamics of the OT life cycle. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the relationship between OT and extreme weather, updraft and thermodynamic conditions of OT when extreme weather occurs, the best objective method for detecting OT in the day time and night time, and the spatiotemporal distribution of OT in the tropical region of Java Island during the 2018-2021 period. Based on visual analysis using visible channel and Himawari 8 sandwich products, 87% of extreme weather events in Java were accompanied by the appearance of OT. It indicates that the presence of the OT pattern is a convection cloud pattern or feature that is closely related to extreme weather events for the Java Island region. The existence of a time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events on Java Island indicates that the OT of convection cloud can be used as a precursor or nowcasting for the appearance of extreme weather. Most of the convective cloud OT features during extreme weather events on Java Island have altitude that were only able to exceed the altitude of the equilibrium level and few were able to exceed the tropopause level of 9 km – 16 km. The difference in atmospheric conditions during extreme weather events on Java Island, which is in the tropics and subtropics, is a strong and unstable convective energy condition characterized by a larger CAPE, as well as unstable KI, LI, SI and TTI values. It is offset by kinematic factors in the form of a weak vertical wind shear (bulk wind shear 0-6 km) and a higher freezing point height. The difference between extreme weather events in the Java Island region and other tropical regions compared to subtropical regions is the strong updraft speed of convection clouds. The IRW Texture COMB algorithm based on the IRW-Texture Gradient modification and the COMB algorithm shows a significant increase in quality for detecting OT and non-OT pixels in Java. Rainy days with rainfall > 50 mm/day are very common in areas with an altitude of > 500 m. On the other hand, the level of convection activity which is indicated by the presence of OT and lightning is significantly reduced in this area. OT of convective clouds appear more frequently during the DJF season and less frequently during the JJA season. OT often appears during the day time and rarely at night time. Most OTs appear in the central part, away from the south and north coasts of Java Island during the day, while OTs that appear near the south and north coasts of Java Island can appear in the morning or afternoon.
Keyword: convective clouds, extreme weather, Overshooting Tops, Himawari 8 Satellite