Judul: Pemrofilan Metabolit Serum Tikus T2DM menggunakan Kromatografi Cair-Spektrometer Massa/Spektrometer Massa
Abstrak: Diabetes melitus tipe 2 (T2DM) dikenal sebagai penyakit kronis yang menganggu homeostasis glukosa, dicirikan dengan perubahan metabolit di dalam tubuh penderita. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mengidentifikasi senyawa metabolit serta perubahannya pada serum tikus T2DM menggunakan kromatografi cairspektrometer massa/spektrometer massa (LC-MS/MS). Serum yang berasal dari 4 kelompok (normal, sakit, pengobatan metformin, dan pengobatan glibenclamide) dipisahkan proteinnya menggunakan metanol dingin dengan nisbah 3:1 (v/v) terhadap serum dan selanjutnya dianalisis. Sebanyak 70 senyawa metabolit berhasil teridentifikasi dalam ekstrak serum darah tikus dan sebagian besar senyawa metabolitnya tergolong sebagai asam amino, asam lemak dan lipid. Semua sampel serum tersebut didiskriminasi menggunakan Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Analisis multivariat PCA berhasil mengklasifikasi bahwa senyawa L-isoleusina dapat digunakan sebagai kandidat penciri untuk pengelompokkan 4 kelompok serum. Berdasarkan analisis metabolite pathway diketahui bahwa D-glukosa, L-arginina, dan L-fenilalanina merupakan metabolit yang memengaruhi pathway T2DM. K
Keyword: LC-MS/MS, metabolit, pathway, PCA, serum darah tikus

Judul: Aktivitas antidiabetes buah ciplukan (Physalis angulata Linn.) pada tikus model diabetes melitus Tipe-2
Abstrak: Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is the most prevalence degenerative disease in Indonesia which characterized by insulin insensitivity. Antidiabetic herbal research focused on increasing insulin sensitivity, however, has not been widely studied. The present study aims to investigate anti-T2DM activity of ciplukan fruits ethanol extract in male Sprague-Dawley rats. The animal model was subjected to high-fat diet (HFD) and low-dose streptozotocin (STZ, 35 mg/kg.bw, i.p) to induce human-like T2DM. Rats (n=30) were divided into 5 groups; normal, T2DM, pioglitazone-treated, 0.5 g/kg.bw, and 1.0 g/kg.bw fruits extract-treated group. Analysis of blood glucose concentration was done using Glucometer, total lipid by Chabrol&Charonnat method, and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) serum with Elphick method. Incidence of T2DM in animal model was indicated by increased total lipid (113%), NEFA levels (137%), and body weight (21%) due to HFD, and increased blood glucose (176%) after STZ injection. Extract treatment for 3 weeks of both doses significantly lowers blood glucose (54.5%), total lipid (26.5%), and serum NEFA (37%) serum level. The effect of ciplukan fruits ethanol extract was comparable to pioglitazone in improving T2DM condition in animal model.
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Judul: Numerical modeling of the hydrodynamics of standing wave and scouring in front of impermeable breakwater with different steepnesses
Abstrak: The aim of this paper is to numerically study the effects of breakwater steepness on the hydrodynamics of standing wave and scouring process in front of impermeable breakwaters. A two-dimensional hydrodynamics model based on the Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations and the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method was developed and then combined with an empirical sediment transport model. Comparisons with an analytical solution and experimental data showed the present model is very accurate in predicting the near bottom velocity and capable of simulating the scour/deposition patterns consistent with experimental data. It was found that the additional terms of bottom shear stress in the momentum equations are necessary to produce a physical scouring pattern. Different breakwater steepnesses produce different characteristics of standing wave, the steady streaming system, and scouring pattern in front of the breakwaters, which also affects the correlations between them. An additional analysis of the turbulence field parameters and the sediment transport rate was also performed. All these important information will be presented in details in this paper and can be worthwhile for designing the breakwater in coastal areas.
Keyword: The RANS–VOF model Standingwave Steadystreamingsystem Scouring pattern Breakwatersteepness