Judul: Faktor Determinan Stunting pada Anak Usia 0-59 Bulan di Indonesia
Abstrak: Stunting is still remains a global problem. The data of WHO showed that the prevalence of stunting among children under five is 32% in developing countries, in East Africa is 50%, in Central Africa is 42% and the prevalence of stunting in Asia is 31.3% (Black et al. 2008). Based on the results of Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Basic Health Research), prevalence of stunting in 2010 has been decreased from 2007 (36.8%) to 2010 (35.6%) (Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia 2010). Indonesia is also known as the country with the number of children under five short height (stunted) and Indonesia become a fifth country that have children stunted in the world after India, China, Nigeria, and Pakistan (UNICEF 2008). WHO (1997) stunting in children under five is still one of serious problem in Indonesia and is still relatively small decline and the prevalence rate is still above the set threshold (20%). The objective of this study is to analyze determinant factors of stunting in children 0-59 month in Indonesia. For this purpose permitted e-files data of the Riskesdas 2010 (a basic health survey 2010) were used. The data were processed using Microsoft Office Excel, SPSS and WHO AnthroPlus.This study used 11 240 subjects, consisted of 50.5% girls and 49.5% boys. The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that the determinant factors of stunting among these children 0-59 month were age 12-23 month, 24-35 month, 36-47 month, 48-59 month, low birth weight (≤2500 g), weight for age z score <-2 SD (underweight), mother’s height less than 155 cm, mother's occupation farmer/fisherman/laborer/not working a protective factors, low father's education, low family economic status, low nutritional quality of food, low iron adequacy and low environmental sanitation. Determinant factors of stunting among children 24-59 month were low birth weight, weight for age z score <-2 SD (underweight), mother’s height less than 155 cm, low father's education, low family economic status, low nutritional quality of food, low iron adequacy and low environmental sanitation. Determinant factors of stunting among these children <24 month were age 12-23 month, low birth weight (≤2500 g), weight for age z score <-2 SD (underweight), mother’s height less than 155 cm, low family economic status, low iron adequacy. The most dominant determinant of stunting was weight for age (z score <-2 SD) with Odds Ratio (OR=3.96, 95% CI=3.17-4.95) for children 0-59 month, (OR=4.66, 95% CI=3.44-6.38) for 24-59 month and (OR=3.13, 95% CI=2.25- 4.36) for <24 month. These implied that nutritional health status of the pregnant women, quality of the children diet, and socio-economic factors of the family need to be considered in preventing stunting.
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Judul: Determinants Factors of Stunting in Children 24-59 Month in Indonesia
Abstrak: Age under five year old is one of the most important periods for a child’s growth and development. This period is important for placing health and intelectual development for a child’s future. Based on that, nutrition problems in childhood are needed to be eliminated. There are many problems in childhood related to nutrition .According to Ministry of Health (2008), there are 36,8% of children were stunted. It is larger than the number of undernourished and wasted children. The objective of this study were : (1) study the family characteristics, infectious diseases, environmental sanitation, hygiene behaviour, access and healthcare utilization, parents’ height and nutritional status according to height-for-age in children; (2) to analyze the relationship between environmental sanitation and healthcare utilization, and between hygiene behaviour and infectious diseases; and (3) to analyze determinant factors of 24-59 months old stunted children. This study used secondary data taken from Basic Health Research 2007 with cross sectional design. Sample size of 42042 children were taken. Pearson’s correlation were used to test relationship among variables. Determinants factors were revealed using SAS program with stepwise method. The results showed that there was a significant relationship (p<0,05) between infectious diseases and sanitation; among infectious diseases and access and healthcare utilization and hygiene behaviour. Factors affecting stunting significantly (p<0,05) were father’s height, mother’s height, age, gender, neighborhood, social and economic status, mother’s education, infectious diseases, personal hygiene, and environmental sanitation.
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Judul: Desain Sistem Transfer Energi Nirkabel Berbasiskan Tesla Coil
Abstrak: Tesla coil merupakan alat yang ditemukan oleh Nikola Tesla yang dapat mentransmisikan daya tanpa kabel dengan memanfaatkan prinsip induksi elektromagnetik. Pada penelitian ini dibuat sebuah prototype Tesla Coil dengan menggunakan transistor C1970 dan receiver menggunakan rangkaian LC. Identifikasi alat meliputi pengaruh daya input transmitter terhadap receiver, bentuk signal yang dipancarkan transmitter, pengaruh jarak transmitter dan receiver, nilai efisiensi serta efek alat terhadap perangkat lain. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar daya input maka semakin besar daya yang dipancarkan oleh transmitter. Bentuk sinyal yang dipancarkan oleh transmitter berupa gelombang listrik AC sinusoidal dengan frekuensi ~2.9 MHz. Semakin jauh jarak receiver terhadap transmitter maka semakin kecil amplitudo gelombang AC yang diterima oleh receiver, menyebabkan semakin kecil daya yang diterima oleh receiver. Adapun nilai efisiensi terbesar penangkapan daya oleh receiver yaitu sebesar 0.00516 % serta terdapat gangguan pada alat-alat tertentu seperti monitor komputer dan radio.
Keyword: rangkaian LC, receiver, tesla coil, transistor C1970, transmitter