Judul: Aedes aegypti mosquito’s resistance state to malathion insecticide in Surabaya, West Java Province
Abstrak: Dengue haemorragic fever is a relatively common problem in Indonesia, with high mortality and morbidity cases. Control of A. aegypti using insecticide as fogging is the best and fast method. The aim of the research is to identify the susceptibility of A. aegypti againt malathion. The study started from July until December 2009. The research using the WHO “Susceptibility tes methods” in 5, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes contact time with three replications. The A. aegypti mosquitoes were come from some areas which categorized as high to low case area. The regression curve in mortality of field mosquitoes from high to low case indicated that the curves tended to move to the right side. Even, the result of RR95 count of A. aegypti from high case area showed less than ten times (RR95 =5,576), but these mosquito’s mortality rate were 85%, which mean the population are being tolerant againts of malathion.
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Judul: Status Kerentanan Vektor Aedes aegypti terhadap Insektisida dan Kaitannya dengan Kejadian Kasus Demam Berdarah di Kota Bogor
Abstrak: Nowadays, Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever is still one of the health problems in Indonesia, especially in Bogor City. Spraying insecticides with malathion are the most common activity to control Aedes aegypti as a Dengue vector. The objective of this study was to obtain data on susceptibility status of Ae. aegypti to malathion (organophosphate), bendiocarb (carbamate) and deltamethrin (pyrethroid) in Bogor City. The research was carried out by using the method of susceptibility test (WHO 1975) which contained malathion 0,8%, bendiocarb 0,1% and deltamethrin 0,025% impragnated paper. Ae. aegypti was collected by ovitrap from 12 endemic regions in Bogor City. The eggs were hached and reared in laboratory until F2 generations, then treated by those insecticides. The result showed that based on percentage of mortality, five isolates of Ae. aegypti (i.e. Lawang Gintung, Kebon Kelapa, Kebon Pedes, Kedung Waringin, and Tegal Gundil) were resistant against malathion (organophosphate); five isolates (i.e. Katulampa, Bondongan, Tegal Lega, Menteng, and Bantarjati) were tolerant; and two isolates (i.e. Baranangsiang and Cilendek Barat) were still susceptible. Otherwise, all strains of Ae. aegypti from 12 regions in Bogor City were resistant against bendiocarb (carbamate) and deltamethrin (pyrethroid). Meanwhile the result of RR50 value showed that eight isolates (i.e. Katulampa, Bondongan, Tegal Lega, Menteng, Bantarjati, Baranangsiang dan Cilendek Barat, Kebon Kelapa) were resistant against malathion; four isolates of Ae. aegypti (i.e. Lawang Gintung, Kebon Pedes, Kedung Waringin, and Tegal Gundil) ware not resistant (RR<10). Otherwise, all strains of Ae. aegypti from 12 regions in Bogor City were resistant against bendiocarb and deltamethrin (RR>10). The susceptibility status of 12 Ae. aegypti isolates in Bogor City were also performed in distribution by map. The study on dengue cases in Bogor City showed that the high insidence of dengue was related to the high frequency of using insecticides as one of the vector control method. Beside that the dengue cases in Bogor City during the years of 2008- 2012 were also related to the climate factors such as precipitation, temperature and humidity. The result analysis of correlation between dengue cases and precipitation for 5 years showed significant values (P<0,05) on seven areas (i.e. Baranangsiang, Kebon Kelapa, Cilendek Barat, Kebon Pedes, Bantarjati, Tegal Gundil, and Kedung Waringin). However, five areas showed no significant values (P>0,05) (i.e. Katulampa, Bondongan, Tegal Lega, Menteng and Lawang Gintung). Meanwhile, the relationship of dengue cases with average temperatures for five years showed no significant values in all area of Bogor City. Futhermore, the relationship of dengue cases with average humidity during the years of 2008-2012 showed significant values (P<0,05) in five areas (i.e. Baranangsiang, Kebon Kelapa, Cilendek Barat, Kebon Pedes, and Bantarjati), while the seven areas (i.e Katulampa, Bondongan, Tegal Lega, Cilendek Barat, Kebon Pedes, Lawang Gintung and Menteng) showed no significant values (P>0,05).
Keyword: Aedes aegypti Linn, Insecticide resistance, organophosphate, Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever

Judul: Kekuatan Tiga Tipe Sambungan Kayu Merbau pada Lunas Luar Kapal Ikan
Abstrak: Kapal kayu terdiri dari bagian-bagian yang merupakan satu kesatuan utuh. Bagian-bagian tersebut tidak dapat dipisahkan karena antara satu bagian dengan bagian yang lainnya saling menunjang. Diantara bagian-bagian tersebut, terdapat safu bagian yang merupakan dasar penunjang dari bagian-bagian yang lain pada kapal~ yaitu lunas. Lunas merupakan bagian dilsar pada kap~ awal dari pembangunan sebuah kapal yang juga berperan sebagai tulang punggung kapal. Lunas merupakan tempat menempelnya kerangka lambung atau gading-gading. Lunas juga berfungsi sebagai penyangga badan kapal dan mnatan yang berada di dalam kapal~ Beban yang disangga oleh lunas tergantung dilri besar kapal dan berat muatan yang dibawa oleli kapaL OIeh karena itu, material lunas harus terbnat dari kayu yang kuat, agar pada saat muatan kapal penuh, lUnas mampu menyangga beban dan kapaI tidak mengalami kerusakan. Menurut BKI (1989) kayu material lunas harus termasuk dalam kelompok kayu kelas kuat satu atan di.Ja. Lunas dipasang secara horizontaI searah panjang kap~ oleh karena itu, seIain kuat, lunas juga hams terbuat dari kayu yang panjang. Saat ini terdapat kesulitan untuk mencari kayu yang panjang karena semakin berkurangnya pohon-pohon tinggi di liutan. Siilitnya mencari kayu yang panjang menyebabkan funas kapal tidak seIalu terdiri dari satu batang kayu utuli yang panjang, tetapi juga terdiri diIri dua batang kayu sejenis yang disambung dengan sambungan. Sambungan yang digunakan pada lUnas kapaI harusIah sambungan yang kuat, agar lunas tetap mampu menyangga beban kapal dan muatan kapal.
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