Judul: Pendugaan Emisi CO2 Berdasarkan Kedalaman Drainase Akibat Alih Guna Lahan. (Studi Kasus: Daerah Eks Proyek Lahan Gambut Sejuta Hektar, Kalimantan Tengah).
Abstrak: Mega Rice Project in Central Kalimantan which was implemented in early 1990s was meant for human settlement and rice cultivation. It involved extensive deforestation of peat swamp forests and draining of peatlands by means of massive network of canal drainage. These resulted in loss of carbon stocks, peat oxidation, CO2 emissions, and peat subsidence as water table depth (WTD) decreased. In some cases peat fires was inevitable causing further emission of greenhouse gases. Estimates of whole system emissions of CO2 were carried out using land-cover and WTD scenarios. Land-cover change scenario was based on chronological land-cover in 2003 and 2006 and logistic regression approach was employed to determine the significance of affecting variables. Eight variables selected were percent of forest fire, WTD, deforestation rate, percent of area used for forest plantation, economic value of key commodity, population density, distance of hot spots from to settlement and to river. From the crossed-tabulated land-cover change during 2003-2006 it was derived 33 logistic regression equations, 20 of which have coefficient of determination (R2) more than 50% and the remaining 13 equations have R2 less than 50%. Based on a series of F-test it was found that the independence variables significantly affect land-cover change at confidence level of 95%. Furthermore, the sensitive test was conducted, which demonstrates that 72% of spatially explicit predicted land cover is an agreement with the observed ones. The equations were then used to predict the likely land-cover in 2020 Emission of CO2 is predicted from drained and undrained primary forest, secondary forest, shrub vegetation and agricultural crops growing on peatlands based on the drainage model derived by Hooijeret al. (2006) and experimental-based estimates proposed by Jauhiainen et al. (2001, 2004, and 2005). It was demonstrated that CO2 emissions from the whole system of ex-Mega Rice Project in 2020 using experimental model was28.80Mt CO2/ha/yrwhen drained and only15.14 Mt CO2/ha/yr if the landscape was not drained. The drainage model gave much less estimate of 17.65 Mt CO2/ha/yr.
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Judul: Penentuan Biomassa Atas Permukaan Menggunakan Persamaan Alometrik (Non-Destruktif) di Kawasan Hutan Gambut Eks PLG (Blok C dan D) Kalimantan Tengah
Abstrak: The Ex-Mega Rice Project (EMRP) of the one million hectares in Central Kalimantan is one of the biggest field conversion problem in Indonesia. Reclamation activities to becoming rice field followed by construction of drainage channels more rapidly consequence to land fire, loss of biodiversity, and also social-economy implication. The biomass estimation using five methods approach, i.e. Brown (1997), Ketterings et al (2001), Onrizal (2004), Ludang (2007), and specific equation for certain species (locally equation). While the carbon-stock (c-stock) estimated by a half of the biomass. Result of this study revealed that 97% of the vegetations density was decrease during period 1990-1996 until 1996-2000. The analyse outcome using descriptive approach (Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) and correlation) and inferential approach (One-sample Statistic test) shows that Kettering equation dominantly match, followed by Ludang, and Brown. Output comparation by the biomass and mean C-stock value was heterogenous and decrease significantly from 10-279 t/ha and 75tC/ha during period 1990-1996, to 1.5-115 t/ha and 56tC/ha during period 1996-2000. The spread distribution map visualize clearly the lag of biomass before and after ERMP in 1997. This revealed the importance to conserve and rehabilitate on peatland in order to increase carbon sequestrate activities.
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Judul: Infeksi Virus Parainfluenza Pada Anjing
Abstrak: Virus parainfluenza anjing termasuk famili Paramyxoviridae, berbentuk pleomorf dengan ukuran bervariasi (bergaris tengah antara 100-500 nm), berpembungkus peka ether, berisi genom RNA dan secara serologis mempunyai kesamaan dengan virus SV-5 kera; dikenak sebagai salah satu kausa penting dari sindrom "kennel cough". Infeksinya dapat mengenai anjing semua umur yang belum pernah terinfeksi atau mendapatkan vaksinasi mengakibatkan gejala klinis ringan yang terbatas pada traktus respirasi atu infeksi yang secara klinis tidak memperlihatkan gejala nyata. Gejala klinis yang nampak setelah masa inkubasi (1-5 hari) terlewati berupa batuk yang tidak berat selama beberapa hari, berbagai tingkat tonsilitis dan pharyngitis dan kadang-kadang ditemukan kenaikan temperatur rektal antara 1-2 derajat C dari temperatur normal rat-rata. Anjing terinfeksi mengandung virus pada traktus respirasi bagian atas dan bawah serta limfonoduli sampai hari ke 9 setelah infeksi. Penyebaran virus antar anjing terjadi secara aerogen.
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