Judul: Pengujian Formulasi Konsorsium Bakteri secara In Vitro untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri pada Tanaman Padi
Abstrak: Pengembangan agens biokontrol (agens hayati) sebagai komponen pengendalian penyakit padi perlu dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan formula konsorsium bakteri sebagai pengendali penyakit hawar daun bakteri (HDB). Perlakuan isolat yang digunakan masing-masing ialah A5 (B. firmus E65+ P. aeruginosa C32b), A6 (B. firmus E65+ P. aeruginosa C32b + B. cereus II. 14), A8 (B. firmus E65+ P. aeruginosa C32b + B. cereus II. 14+ S. marcescens E 31) serta penambahan bahan pembawa agensia yang diberikan pada masing-masing perlakuan. Hasil uji konsorsium A5, A6, dan A8 secara in vitro dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae masing-masing 84,29%, 75,71%, dan 78,57%. Hasil uji viabilitas menunjukkan konsorsium A8 memiliki jumlah sel yang tinggi yaitu setelah satu bulan penyimpanan pada suhu ruang dibandingkan konsorsium A5 dan A6.
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Judul: Studi Keefektifan Formulasi Spora Bacillus Subtilis Sebagai Agens Pengendali Hayati Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri dan Hawar Pelepah Serta Pemicu Pertumbuhan Pada tTanaman Padi:
Abstrak: In controlling rice diseases, most farmers still rely on chemical pesticide as the solution. However, because of high cost and negative effects of chemical pesticide, biocontrol is one of alternative solutions. Bacillus subtilis is a model of biocontrol agents to control many plant diseases, because its ability to produce antimicrobial and plant growth promoting substances. This research aimed to examine the effectiveness of Indonesian isolate of B. subtilis spore formulation through seed treatment and foliar spray with different frequencies and concentrations to control bacterial leaf blight (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae) and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani) diseases of rice. The influence of the formulation application to plant growth and other microbes was evaluated. The experiment was conducted in greenhouse and field with factorial experimental design. Seed treatment, concentration and frequency of application and its interaction effectively suppressed bacterial leaf blight and sheath blight diseases, increased plant growth and reduced yield loss. The concentration at 2% is recommended for applying the formulation. The interval of application at 1 and 2 week showed equal effect to disease suppression and increased yield. Application of B. subtilis spore formulation increased yield of Ciherang, Cisantana, and Sintanur as much as 26,3%, 18,5%, and 15,4% respectively. Application of the formulation gave no significant effect to microbe diversity in the field.
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Judul: Penggunaan Teorema Homeomorphy 2-Manifold dan Teorema Euler Poincare pada Torus 𝑇�� dan Simplicial Complex 𝐾��
Abstrak: Two dimensional topological spaces are said to be homeomorphic if they have the same topological invariant, where one of topological invariant used is an Euler characteristic. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem and Euler Poincare’s Theorem are used to distinguish two topological spaces. Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem uses Euler characteristic to identify two dimensional topological spaces. Euler Poincare’s Theorem is an alternative way to find Euler characteristic with Betti number, which is topological invariant as well. The objective of this paper is to investigate the homeomorphism of torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾�����. Topological space torus and simplicial complex 𝐾����� have the same Euler characteristic, which is two. Based on Homeomorphy 2-Manifold’s Theorem topological space torus 𝑇����� and simplicial complex 𝐾����� is homeomorphic.
Keyword: simplicial, torus, Euler, homeomorphism, topology