Judul: Analysis of Agricultural Extension Institutions in the Province of Riau
Abstrak: This era of regional autonomy with its emphasis on the efficiency of institutions and improved human resources has made some changes in the extension paradigm. Different regions have different responses. Some still maintain their extension institutions as they were in the past while others have changed the extension system. The varied institutions that are responsible for agricultural extension have certainly resulted in different performance, and consequently affected the main target of agricultural development, namely farmers. This study was intended to: (1) identify the structure of agricultural extension institutions in the regional autonomy era in the Province of Riau, (2) analyze the implementation of agricultural extensions in different institutions, and (3) analyze the effect of different extension implementation on the performance of extension workers and the degree of technological application among farmers. This is a descriptive study through a survey conducted from March to April 2008 in three regencies/towns, namely Pekanbaru, Kampar Regency and Pelalawan Regency.
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Judul: Analysis of agricultural extension institutions in the province of Riau
Abstrak: Sejak diberlakukannya Undang-undang Republik Indonesia No. 22 tahun 1999 yang diamandemen dengan UU No. 32 tahun 2004 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah, Undang-Undang nomor 16 tahun 2006 tentang Sistem Penyuluhan Pertanian dan Peraturuan Pemerintah No 41 tahun 2007 tentang Kelembagaan Daerah, telah mewarnai penyelenggaraan penyuluhan pertanian. Penafsiran yang berbeda-beda terhadap kebijakan publik tersebut, telah merubah pranata dan struktur kelembagaan penyuluhan pertanian serta operasionalisasinya di daerah. Keragaman kelembagaan yang menangani penyelenggaraan penyuluhan pertanian mengakibatkan beragamnya kinerja penyuluhan tersebut, dan konsekuensinya berpengaruh terhadap sasaran utama pembangunan pertanian yaitu para petani. Penyelenggaraan penyuluhan pertanian akan berjalan dengan baik apabila ada persamaan persepsi dan keterpaduan kegiatan antara pemerintah pusat, provinsi dan kabupaten/kota bahkan sampai ke tingkat desa dalam satu system penyuluhan pertanian yang disepakati bersama dengan melibatkan petani, swasta dan pihakpihak yang berkepentingan. Dalam kenyataannya sekarang, masing-masing instansi berjalan sendiri-sendiri, sehingga penyelenggaraan penyuluhan pertanian menjadi tidak produktif, tidak efektif dan efisien., This era of regional autonomy with its emphasis on the efficiency of institutions and improved human resources has made some changes in the extension paradigm. Different regions have different responses. Some still maintain their extension institutions as they were in the past while others have changed the extension system. The varied institutions that are responsible for agricultural extension have certainly resulted in different performance, and consequently affected the main target of agricultural development, namely farmers.
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Judul: Pembuatan Film Tipis Cu2ZnSnS4 sebagai Lapisan Penyerap Cahaya pada Sel Surya Menggunakan Metode Elektrodeposisi
Abstrak: Thin film of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is an alternative semiconductor used as light absorber layer on solar cell. CZTS can replace silicon that commonly used as commercial semiconductor. The advantage of using CZTS as absorber layer is due to the abundance of its chemical composer on earth, and its high value of absorption coefficient. The absorber layer was made by using electrodeposition method on ITO glass substrates. The films were deposited at room temperature using potentiostatic mode with a potential of –1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes. After that, the films were annealed at two different temperatures, 180 ºC and 500 °C, for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. Based on X-ray diffraction analysis, the polycrystalline thin film obtained fall into kesterite crystal phase. This type of crystal was obtained when the CZTS was annealed at 500 °C in H2S/N2 atmosphere. The value of optical band gap energy for the CZTS thin film was 2.2 eV with the film thickness about 1.228–6.366 μm. The sample of CZTS with electrodeposition time of 45 minutes and annealing temperature of 500 °C showed the best result and in conformity with absorber layers criteria for solar cells.
Keyword: semiconductor, ITO glass, CZTS thin film, electrodeposition