Judul: Pembuatan Tapioka Asam dengan Fermentasi Spontan
Abstrak: Sour cassava starch is a modified starch produced by spontaneous fermentation of native cassava starch. The objectives of this research were to study the production process of sour cassava starch and investigate the effect of spontaneous fermentation to quality, physicochemical and functional properties of sour cassava starch. Sour cassava starch was prepared by spontaneous fermentation with variation of fermentation time (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 days). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed for analyzed the result obtained from three replications. The result indicated that during spontaneous fermentation, sour cassava starch is dominated by lactic acid bacteria among other bacteria. High amount of organic acid made the environment become acid, and so pH value becomed low, and it effected to suppress the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Growth of the yeast also occurred during fermentation process after ten days. Sour cassava starch has an unique characteristic. It has better expanding capability when toasted (1.18-1.28 ml/g) compared to native cassava starch (1.15 ml/g). Structure of amorphous region in granules of cassava starch ruptured during fermentation so that the value of clarity (51.13-61.88%T), solubility at 70°C (33.88-50.56%) and swelling power at 70°C (0.85-1.71%) increase compared to native cassava starch (45.97%T); (21.18%); and (0.45%) recpectively.
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Judul: Pembuatan Tapioka Asam dengan Penambahan Starter Cair Bakteri Asam Laktat Indigenous
Abstrak: Sour cassava starch is a modified cassava starch produced through submerged fermentation for several weeks followed by sun drying. Lactic acid bacteria is the dominant microorganism and has important role in the fermentation process. The use of indigenous LAB isolate as starter is expected to shorten the fermentation time and maintain its quality. The purposes of this research were to prepare a liquid starter of lactic acid bacteria for the fermentation process, investigate the effect of liquid starter in accelerating the fermentation process and investigate the effect of fermentation time (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 days) to quality and functional properties of sour cassava starch. A randomized block design was used with fermentation time factor. The addition of liquid starter could accelerate the fermentation process to only 15 days, with the highest expanding capability. Acidifying of cassava starch led to an increase in peak viscosity, but decrease final viscosity of the paste. Acid accumulation could suppress undesirable microorganisms growth, so that it can extend the shelf life of the products.
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Judul: Etno-ornitologi Burung Kancilan Flores (Pachycephala nudigula nudigula Hartert 1897) pada Masyarakat Lio di Taman Nasional Kelimutu
Abstrak: Bare-throathed whistler is one of several wild birds in Kelimutu National Park (TNKL) that is believed to have correlation with Lio Community‟s belief. The estimation of Bare-throated whistler‟s population in Kelimutu National Park was about 186.41-1668.07 individual by the density about 0.0389-0.3481 ind/ha with the sex ratio 6.2:1 that spreaded on area with height of 1100 – 1600 masl. The characteristic of Bare-throated whistler‟s habitat is a natural forest with various canopy level, high plant species diversity and high density. The habitat characteristics related to the availability of food in the form of insects, cover, safety and a nesting site. Generally the most of Lio community knew the existence of Bare-throated whistler directly or from their parents‟ stories. The perceptions of Lio Community to the Bare-throated whistler‟s existence is generally support the conservation efforts. The perceptions construct the Lio Community‟s atitude that tend to be conservative to the existence of Bare-throated whistler. The attitude shown by their behavior that not cathing the Bare-throated whistler from the TNKL‟s area or the outside. The attitude have an important role to the existence of Bare-throated whistler in Kelimutu National Park‟s area.
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