Judul: Evaluasi Kecukupan Nutrisi Sapi Perah di Kawasan Usaha Peternakan Cibungbulang Bogor, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: The study is aimed to evaluate nutritional status of cows and their relation to animal performance at two different seasons (drought and rainy). The study was conducted in two phases. First phase was drought season data collecting for 3 months and the second phase was rainy season data collecting. The sample collected was examined in Dairy Nutrition and PAU laboratories IPB (March – June 2013). Variable was measured including the type and amount of feeds and nutrients offered, milk production and quality, body condition score. The collected data was tabulated and analyzed using descriptive statistic. Comparison between nutrients offered and standard requirement was analyzed using T-test. T-test have also been used to compare nutritional status of animal in rainy and drought seasons. The result showed that farmers in KUNAK have offered sufficient amounts of nutriens for their cows exept for Ca, when drought season came, deficiency of P was also occured. Milk yield tent to decrease during drought season but milk fat content increase during drought season but milk fat content increased. It is concluded that imbalance ration is one of the cause for low average milk production in KUNAK.
Keyword: nutrient adequacy, milk quality, milk production, dairy cows

Judul: Condition of Dairy Management in Small Holder Dairy Farm at Kawasan Usaha Peternakan (KUNAK) Cibungbulang Bogor
Abstrak: Peternakan sapi perah memiliki peran yang besar dalam memenuhi kebutuhan gizi masyarakat melalui produk utamanya berupa susu dan merupakan salah satu sektor yang membantu menopang pembangunan ekonomi nasional. Produksi susu dalam negeri masih belum bisa mencukupi kebutuhan susu nasional. Hal ini disebabkan salah satunya oleh tata laksana pemeliharaan yang kurang baik pada peternakan rakyat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari aspek teknis pemeliharaan sapi perah pada peternakan sapi perah rakyat di Kawasan Usaha Peternakan (KUNAK) Kecamatan Cibungbulang, Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni sampai September 2011 di Kawasan Usaha Peternakan (KUNAK) Kecamatan Cibungbulang, Kabupaten Bogor, Propinsi Jawa Barat. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survei. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara acak dengan jumlah peternak sebagai sampel adalah sebanyak 30 peternak dari jumlah populasi 118 peternak yang ada. Data primer didapat dari semua responden melalui wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner, teknik observasi dan pengukuran langsung di lapangan yang meliputi pengukuran lingkar dada, pengukuran produksi susu dan pakan yang diberikan oleh peternak. Data sekunder diperoleh dari kecamatan dan KPS Bogor berupa keadaan umum KUNAK dan data peternak yang tergabung dalam kelompok peternak di KUNAK 1 dan 2. Data karakteristik peternak dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Data keterampilan teknis beternak dianalisis menggunakan analisis statistik menggunakan Wilcoxon Signed Test. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan diketahui bahwa capaian penerapan aspek teknis pemeliharaan di KUNAK Cibungbulang dari yang tertinggi hingga yang terendah secara berturut-turut adalah aspek kandang dan peralatan, kesehatan hewan, pengelolaan, makanan ternak, dan pembibitan dan reproduksi. Capaian nilai penerapan rata-rata adalah sebesar 86,88%. Nilai terendah terdapat pada aspek pembibitan dan reproduksi dengan nilai 78,18%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, sapi-sapi yang berumur 5 tahun memiliki rata-rata produksi susu harian maksimum yaitu sebesar 11,45 liter/ekor/hari. Sapi- sapi pada periode laktasi ketiga berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata produksi susu harian maksimum yaitu sebesar 11,19 liter/ekor/hari.
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Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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