Judul: Reaksi dan Titer Antiserum Monoklonal Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) terhadap Antigen Virus pada Tanaman Tomat.
Abstrak: Tomato cholorosis virus (ToCV) commonly infects tomato plants worldwide. The virus induces chlorosis disease on the plants and causes significant economic losses. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction is the only method available for ToCV detection. But, currently, a monoclonal-like antiserum was successfully produced using an antigen containing oligo 16 amino acids generated based on ToCV coat protein gene. The aims of the research were (1) to analyze the antiserum reaction to the viral antigen in tomato plant and (2) to measure the titer of the antiserum. Serological reactions were analyzed using agarose gel precipitation test (AGPT) and dot immunobinding assay (DIBA). The titer of the antiserum was measured using undiluted sap prepared from ToCV-infected tomato leaf tissues. Based on the research result, there is no any precipitation of antigen-antibody complex visible on AGPT, and there for, this serological method was not reliable for analyzed serological reaction of the virus. On the other hand, DIBA gave a strong positive signal if the antiserum was reacted with ToCV-containing sap, but there no any positive signal if the antigen extracted from healthy tomato plant. Using this method, furthermore, the titer of the antiserum was reach to 1/10000. The DIBA, therefore, considered as a reliable serological method for the ToCV using this monoclonal antiserum
Keyword: reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction., dot immunobinding assay, antiserum titer, agarose gel precipitation test

Judul: Uji Serologi Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) pada Tanaman Tomat (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)
Abstrak: Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV), a whitefly-transmitted and phloem-limited Crinivirus infecting tomatoes worldwide, is reported for the first time occur in Indonesia in 2006. In tomato, ToCV cause interveinal yellowing that developed initially on lower leaves and then progressed to the upper part of the plant. Affected plants were less vigorous and yielded less due to reduced fruit growth and delayed ripening. Polyclonal antiserum has been already produced using capsid proteins of ToCV expressed in Escherichia coli. Reaction and titer of the antiserum were analyzed in this research. Serological reactions were analyzed using agarose gel precipitation test (AGPT) and dot immunobinding assay (DIBA). The titer of the antiserum was measured using undiluted sap prepared from ToCV-infected tomato leaf tissues. Based on the research result, the ToCV antiserum was specifically reacted with ToCV antigen. AGPT and DIBA gave a strong positive signal if the antiserum was reacted with ToCV-containing sap, but there no any positive signal if the antigen extracted from healthy tomato plant. Using AGPT method, the titer of the antiserum was only 1/2, but using DIBA the titer was reach up to 1/10000. The DIBA, therefore, considered as a reliable serological method for the ToCV using this antiserum.
Keyword: dot immunobinding assay., antiserum titer, agarose gel precipitation test

Judul: Relasi gender dalam hukum adat perkawinan sentana rajeg pada masyarakat Bali
Abstrak: Adat istiadat dan adat istiadat perkawinan dalam suatu masyarakat tidak bisa dihilangkan begitu saja oleh Tuhan karakteristik komposisi keluarga yang diikuti oleh masyarakat. Terkait, jika memang demikian dilihat dari komposisi keluarga di Bali yang menganut sistem keluarga paternalistik, seorang istri masuk ke dalam keluarga suaminya. Oleh karena itu, kedudukan laki-laki dalam masyarakat Bali keluarga sangat tinggi. Setiap keluarga berusaha memiliki anak laki-laki. Salah satu caranya adalah dengan Nikah nyeburin, yaitu perkawinan yang mana seorang laki-laki membuang keluarga dan kehidupannya sepenuhnya, keluarga istrinya. Kedudukan Sentana Rajeg dalam sistem pewarisan Adat istiadat Bali yang menempatkan anak perempuan sebagai ahli waris sama dengan anak laki-laki sebagai ahli waris. Meski begitu, anak perempuan tersebut hanya memiliki warisan dari orang tuanya properti. Sedangkan tugas mewakili keluarga sebagai anggota banjar, anggota desa adat, dan pura diserahkan kepada suami yang melaksanakan pernikahan nyeburin.
Keyword: Gender, Mariage balinese