Judul: Karakteristik Biometrik dan Genetik Ikan Damselfish serta Manajemen Pemanfaatannya di Perairan Indonesia dan Korea
Abstrak: Damselfish merupakan kelompok ikan karang yang dimanfaatkan sebagai ikan konsumsi di Korea dan Ikan hias di Indonesia. Damselfish tergolong dalam Genus Pomacantridae yang mana terdapat genus Abudefduf spp. di dalamnya. Penggunakan karakter identifikasi secara biometrik sering menimbulkan keraguan maupun kesalahan, sehingga diperlukan pendekatan lain untuk menghilangkan keraguan dalam proses identifikasi menggunakan pendekatan secara molekuler. Manajemen pemanfaatan perlu dilakukan untuk menjaga agar populasi ikan Damselfish di Indonesia dan Korea tetap terjaga. Selain karakter biometrik dan genetik, daerah penangkapan serta alat tangkap ikan juga penting dianalisis untuk menentukan rekomendasi manajemen pemanfaatan yang tepat untuk kelestarian ikan Damselfish di kedua negara. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) Menganalisis karakteristik penangkapan ikan Damselfish di Indonesia dan Korea; (2) Menentukan karakter biometrik Damselfish di Indonesia dan Korea; (3) Menentukan karakter genetik Damselfish di Indonesia dan Korea; (4) Menentukan manajemen pemanfaatan ikan Damselfish yang tepat di Indonesia dan Korea. Dalam penelitian ini diambil 22 sampel ikan Abudefduf spp. dari 5 lokasi penelitian di Indonesia dan Korea. Sebanyak 4 lokasi penelitian di Indonesia yaitu di Teluk Palabuhanratu, Pulau Pramuka, Perairan Buton dan Perairan Sorong, sedangkan lokasi pengambilan sampel di Korea yaitu di Perairan Selatan Pulau Jeju. Sebanyak 21 sampel diidentifikasi, dilakukan pengukuran secara meristik dan biometrik, kemudian dilakukan ekstraksi, amplifikasi, dan dilakukan sekuens berdasarkan marka DNA mitokondria dari lokus CYT-B. Hasil sekuen DNA diolah menggunakan perangkat lunak MEGA 6.06 sehinga dapat menganalisis pohon filogenik untuk menentukan tingkat kekerabatannya. Selanjutnya titik-titik lokasi pengambilan sampel kemudian dipetakan menggunakan ARcGIS sehingga dapat dilihat daerah penangkapannya. Hasil pengukuran biometrik ikan A. sexfasciatus di Teluk Palabuhanratu memiliki panjang total 9.9-10.2 cm, sedangkan panjang total ikan tersebut di Pulau Pramuka lebih variatif (7.7-13.0 cm). Ikan A. sexfasciatus di Teluk Palabuhanratu dan Pulau Pramuka memiliki sirip dorsal berjumlah satu, sirip kaudal terdiri atas12- 17 jari-jari lunak, dan sirip ventral terdiri atas 1 jari-jari keras dan 4-6 jari-jari lunak. Ikan A. Vaigiensis di Teluk Palabuhanratu, Pulau Buton, Sorong, dan Korea memiliki panjang total masing-masing berkisar 6.0-10.6 cm, 10.9 -12.3 cm, 11 cm, dan 5.0-8.6 cm. Perbedaan terlihat pada sirip kaudal dan sirip ventral. Karakter biometrik ikan A. sexfasciatus di Teluk Palabuhanratu dan Pulau Pramuka tergolong mirip (nilai Asymp. Sig.>0.05 yaitu 0.704). Karakter biometrik ikan A. vaigiensis di perairan Korea tidak berbeda nyata dengan A. vaigiensis di Teluk Palabuhanratu (nilai Asymp. Sig. = 0.373), A. vaigiensis di perairan Buton (nilai Asymp. Sig. = 0.804), dan A. vaigiensisd i perairan Sorong (nilai Asymp. Sig. = 0.492). Apabila dibandingkan dengan 2 lokasi lainnya, ikan A. vaigiensis di perairan Buton dan Perairan Sorong mempunyai hubungan kekerabatan yang lebih dekat dengan ikan di perairan Korea. Hubungan kekerabatan ikan Damselfish yang digambarkan dengan pohon filogenetik terbagi ke dalam 4 clade dengan 1 clade outgroup. Tingkat kekerabatan ikan Damselfish terdekat antara Korea dan Indonesia yaitu pada spesies A. vaigiensis Korea dan A. vaigiensis di perairan Sorong dengan jarak genetik 0.0008 yang diduga karena jarak geografis Pulau Jeju sebagai lokasi pengambilan data di Korea lebih berdekatan dengan Perairan Sorong dibandingkan dengan lokasi pengambilan sampel di Indonesia lainnya. Jenis alat tangkap yang tergolong paling ramah lingkungan untuk penangkapan ikan Damselfish yaitu dan Barrier net (jaring penghalang),
Keyword: Karakter biometrik, genetik, daerah penangkapan ikan, manajemen pemanfaatan, Damselfish, Indonesia, Korea

Judul: Diversity of Biometric, Genetik and Population Biology of White-spotted rabbitfish (Siganus canaliculatus Park, 1798) in the Inner Ambon Bay Waters
Abstrak: The waters of Inner Ambon Bay (IAB) are influenced by tidal currents that distribute food, physical dan chemical environmental parameters, waste, sediment, and larvae of fish. One of the fish resources associated with seagrass habitats in TAD waters is White-sptotted rabbitfish (Siganus canaliculatus). Seagrass habitat is widely distributed in IAB which form single and mixed vegetation seagrass beds, with different vegetation densities and their presence is influenced by environmental parameters, substrate type/sediment and anthropogenic activity. The differences in the physical characteristics of the seagrass habitat in IAB are thought to affect the character biometric, genetic, and population biological of S. canaliculatus in IAB. This study aims to compare 1) biometric character, 2) genetic character, 3) spatial distribution, 4) variation of growth and reproduction in different seagrass habitats, and 5) to analyze population dynamics of S. canaliculatus in IAB waters. Research in IAB waters was conducted in August 2018 - July 2019, the sampling stations namely Station 1. (Tanjung Tiram) and 2 (Halong) represent mixed vegetation seagrass habitat, Station 3 (Poka) and 4 (Nania) represents a single vegetation seagrass habitat. Fish samples were collected once a month using beach seine, along with the measurement of enivonmental parameters, including depth, turbidity, temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, phosphate, nitrate, and chlorophyll-a. The density and diversity of seagrass vegetation were estimated based on a systematic sampling method. Observations of biometric characters, gonad maturity levels, and fecundity were carried out at the Oceanographic Biology Laboratory, Center for Deep Sea Research - LIPI Ambon. Genetic testing was carried out at the Molecular Biology Laboratory of the Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University. The collected fish samples were classified into 3 stages, namely: juvenile, pre-adult, and adult. A total of 50 fish samples were measured 21 characters truss morphometric, and 14 fish samples were genetically tested using the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) molecular marker amplified by the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique using universal primers for aquatic biota. All good quality PCR products are shipped to 1st Base in Malaysia. Fish samples were also measured for length, weighed, and dissected for determination of the gonad maturity levels morphologically and fecundity observations. Biometric analysis using Minitab ver. 16 for Principal component analysis (PCA) and similarity dendrogram, while discriminant canonical analysis using SPSS ver. 16. Sequencing data were corrected and aligned using MEGA (Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis) software version 7.0. DNA Sequence Polymorphism (DnaSP ver 5) was used to analyze genetic diversity including haplotype diversity (Hd) and nucleotide diversity (π). Phylogeny tree construction based on the Neighbor-Joining method and genetic distance using MEGA ver. 7. Genetic differentiation intra and inter population using Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) and Fixation Index (Fst) using Arlequin software. Analysis of growth patterns, condition factors, sex ratios, size of gonad maturity, and fecundity using Excel 2010 software. processed using Past ver.3.14 software. Analysis of fish population dynamics using ELEFAN (Electronic Frequency Analysis) I FiSAT model (FAO-ICLARM Stock Assessment Tools) includes growth, mortality, and recruitment. The results showed that the biometric character of White-spotted Rabbitfish (S. canaliculatus) in IAB
Keyword: Siganus canaliculatus, biometric and genetic characteristics, spatial distribution, growth, reproduction, population dynamics

Judul: Sintesis BaTiO3 dari Campuran Ba(OH)2 dan TiO2 dengan Tambahan PbO
Abstrak: Piezoelectric material can generate electric field in response to applied mechanical stress. Conversely, they can stretch and contract in response to an electric field. This material can be used for many applications such as transducer, microphone, ultrasound, and pressure gauge. Barium titanate is a ferroelectric material with piezoelectric properties that can be synthesized easily. The aim of this study is to synthesis barium titanate from mixture of Ba(OH)2 and TiO2, also observe its optimum temperature and the effect of PbO addition. The method of synthesis was solid-state reaction and sol-gel method, then the products were characterized with x-ray diffraction (XRD). Based on XRD analysis, the optimum temperature for both methods was 800°C. Addition of PbO to BaTiO3 in the solid-state reaction formed a compound with formula of Ba1-xPbxTiO3. The addition has changed diffraction pattern peak at 2θ and strengthened its tetragonal structure. The best result was obtained at x of 0.5 which will form a compound of Ba0.5Pb0.5TiO3.
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