Judul: Uji Mikroskopik Kristal Urin pada Sapi Pejantan Bibit dengan Body Condition Score 4–5
Abstrak: Bull, which have role as sperm producer, needs a routine health maintenance for optimal production. Microscopic examination of urine crystals could be used for estimating obstructive urolithiasis in urinary tract. The objectives of this study was to observe urine crystal in 4–5-scored body condition score (BCS) bull. The 30 urine samples of 3 bull breeds (Brahman n=10, Simmental n=10, and Friesian Holstein n=10) were collected, urine pH measure with striptest urinalysis, and urine crystal microscopically examined. Result of this study indicated that all samples were totally positive for crystal. Observed crystals were dominated by struvite (73.3%), while the others were calcium carbonate (23.3%) and phosphate amorph (3.3%). The three form of struvite could be seen octahedral, twin, and penetrated struvite. The different form of struvite indicated level of urine pH and incubation period. Crystalluria phenomenon suggested a low ratio of Ca:P in mineral nutrient and it should be cautious for existing obstructive urolithiasis.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), urine crystal, struvite, crystalluria, calcium carbonate, bull

Judul: Total dan Diferensiasi Leukosit Sapi Pejantan Unggul dengan Body Condition Scoring (BCS) Tinggi
Abstrak: Bull were sperm producer for artificial insemination. Physiological data such as leukocytes differentiation were important for supporting routine health monitoring. The objective of this study is to get the profile of leukocytes from high-level body condition scoring (BCS) of bull. The 30 blood samples of 3 breed bull (Simmental, Brahman, Friesian Holstein) were collected through coxygeal vein and calculated using microscope eye-piece camera instrument. The results showed that bull in A group (age <5 years) had higher total leukocytes than bull in B group (age >5 years). Average value of total leukocytes, eosinophil, neutrophil, basophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte of bull in A group were 7764 cell/μL, 411 cell/μL, 4150 cell/μL, 109 cell/μL, 2892 cell/μL, and 204 cell/μL consecutively. While the average value of total leukocytes, eosinophil, neutrophil, basophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte of bull in B group were 6832 cell/μL, 437 cell/μL, 3771 cell/μL, 71 cell/μL, 2363 cell/μL, and 192 cell/μL consecutively. Leukocytes morphology between breed and ages also shown the similar shape.
Keyword: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), high-level bcs, leukocyte differentiation, bull

Judul: Massa Graviton Berdasarkan Teori De Rham- Gabadadze-Tolley Dalam Model Alam Semesta Datar Friedmann-Lemaitre- Roberson-Walker
Abstrak: Teori Relativitas Umum memprediksi ekspansi alam semesta diperlambat, sedangkan hasil observasi supernova tipe Ia mendapati ekspansi alam semesta dipercepat. Teori Relativitas Umum dimodifikasi melalui pendekatan teori gravitasi bermassa nonlinier oleh de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley (dRGT). Massa graviton dimunculkan untuk dinamika skala sangat besar. Persamaan medan Einstein teori dRGT dapat dirumuskan dari prinsip variasi. Selanjutnya dengan memilih metrik datar Friedmann-Lemaitre-Roberson-Walker dapat diformulasikan bentuk persamaan Friedmann yang relevan dengan model ekspansi dipercepat. Hasil akhirnya, dengan membandingkan massa graviton dari metode Extremely Low Energy (ELE) dapat dihitung massa kritis graviton yaitu sekitar - . .
Keyword: massa graviton, teori dRGT, persamaan medan Einstein, persamaan Friedmann, ekspansi alam semesta dipercepat