Judul: Formulasi Sabun Padat Tanah Liat Kaolin dengan
Sukrosa Ester Sawit di PT Ratu Bio Indonesia
Abstrak: Sabun padat tanah liat kaolin adalah salah satu jenis sabun yang dapat digunakan untuk membersihkan najis berat (Najis mughalladzah). Sukrosa ester merupakan kelompok unik dari emulsifier, surfaktan non-ionik, dan sepenuhnya terdegradasi secara biologis, diperoleh melalui transesterifikasi metil ester dengan sukrosa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi terbaik dari ester sukrosa dan tanah liat kaolin, serta mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi kaolin dan sukrosa ester terhadap karakteristik sabun. Sabun dibuat dengan mencari konsentrasi yang sesuai untuk bahan-bahan yang digunakan dalam pembuatan sabun berdasarkan hukum syariah Islam, di mana jumlah tanah berdasarkan fatwa dewan ulama minimal 5%. Dalam penelitian ini, variasi konsentrasi ester sukrosa yang digunakan adalah 2, 4, dan 6%, sedangkan konsentrasi tanah liat kaolin adalah 20, 25, dan 30%. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 9 perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Pengamatan terhadap sabun tanah meliputi pH, uji busa, tingkat kekerasan, kadar air, kadar asam lemak bebas, dan uji organoleptik. Formulasi sabun tanah terbaik berdasarkan hasil uji organoleptik adalah sabun dengan konsentrasi kaolin sebesar 25% dan sukrosa ester 4%. Abstract: Kaolin clay solid soap is one type of the soaps that can be used for cleansing heavy impurities (Mughalladzah najis). Sucrose ester is a unique group of emulsifiers, non-ionic surfactants, and fully biodegradable, obtained through transesterification of methyl ester with sucrose. This research aims were to obtain the optimal concentration of sucrose ester and kaolin clay and to know the characteristics and quality of soil soap. The soap was made by finding the suitable concentration for the ingredients used to make soap based on Islamic sharia law, where the amount of soil based on the edict (fatwa) of the ulama council is a minimum of 5%. In this study, variations in the concentration of sucrose ester used were 2, 4, and 6%, while the concentrations of kaolin clay were 20, 25, and 30%. This research used completely randomized design (CRD) with 9 treatments and three replications. Observations of the soil soap bar includes pH, foam test, hardness level, moisture content, free fatty acids, and organoleptic tests. The best formulation of soil soap based on organoleptic test results is soap with a concentration of 25% kaolin and 4% sucrose ester.
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Judul: Analysis of Consumer Preference and Acceptance of Personal Care Products Made from Sucrose Esters
Abstrak: PT Ratu Bio Indonesia merupakan industri maklon yang berfokus pada home care, hand soap, dan hand sanitizer. Saat ini perusahaan akan melakukan perluasan permintaan formulasi produk ke ranah sektor personal care. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, diperlukan data mengenai preferensi konsumen mengenai karakteristik produk body lotion, krim wajah, dan sabun tanah yang akan dianalisis menggunakan metode Konjoin. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, didapatkan bahwa konsumen menyukai body lotion yang memiliki berat bersih 300 ml, krim wajah sebanyak 50 ml, dan sabun tanah sebanyak 50 ml. Keunggulan body lotion yang diinginkan oleh konsumen, yaitu memiliki kemampuan sebagai pelembab dengan aroma fresh sedangkan krim wajah yang diharapkan konsumen memiliki kemampuan sebagai pelembab dengan hidrasi tinggi. Produk sabun tanah yang diharapkan memiliki kandungan kaolin dengan ukuran yang kecil. Rentang harga yang diinginkan untuk produk body lotion adalah Rp70.000 – 80.000, krim wajah pada harga Rp80.000 – 100.000, dan sabun tanah berada di harga Rp15.000 – 20.000. Hasil perhitungan preferensi konsumen dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa harga merupakan atribut dengan tingkat kepentingan tertinggi. Hasil personal care dianalisis terhadap preferensi awal menggunakan Importance Performance Analysis (IPA), terdapat kesesuaian antara formulasi dengan harapan konsumen, kecuali pendaftaran sertifikat BPOM, daya serap krim wajah, serta kelengkapan informasi sabun tanah., PT Ratu Bio Indonesia operates as a tolling industry, specializing in the production of home care, hand soap, and hand sanitizer products. Presently, the company aims to extend its market reach by diversifying into the personal care sector. To facilitate this strategic expansion, it becomes essential for the company to acquire comprehensive insights into consumer preferences concerning various product attributes, encompassing body lotion, face cream, and clay soap. These valuable data points will undergo meticulous examination through the utilization of the Conjoint method. The analysis revealed distinct consumer inclinations regarding the desired product attributes. Notably, consumers favor body lotion with potent moisturizing qualities and refreshing fragrance. For face cream, the emphasis lies in its efficacy to provide substantial moisturization. Similarly, the consumers' preference for the clay soap product centers around a compact soap size infused with kaolin. Regarding pricing expectations, consumers exhibit specific ranges within which they anticipate product costs. These ranges are as follows: IDR 70,000 to 80,000 for body lotion, IDR 80,000 to 100,000 for face cream, and IDR 15,000 to 20,000 for clay soap. An in-depth analysis of consumer preferences elucidated that price holds the utmost significance in their decision-making process. Consequently, to gauge the alignment of personal care products with consumers' initial preferences, an Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) was executed. Overall, the product formulations exhibited congruence with consumer expectations, with the exception of certain aspects such as the registration of BPOM certificates, absorption capacity of face creams, and adequacy of information pertaining to clay soap.
Keyword: body lotion, clay soap, customer, ester sucrose, face cream

Judul: Dynamical System of Hepatitis B in Three Groups with Vaccination
Abstrak: The aim of this study is to modify the hepatitis B transmission model in three age groups involving vaccination from the model conducted by Zhoe and Zhang.The method used is to analyze the stability of the fixed point and its basic reproduction number (R_0). Performed stability analysis and numerical simulation to see population dynamics. Next, a sensitivity analysis of the parameters was carried out to see its effect on R_0. From the analysis obtained two fixed points, namely non-endemic and endemic fixed points. Non-endemic fixed points are locally asymptotically stable if R_0 <1 Meanwhile, the endemic fixed point is locally asymptotically stable if R_0 > 1. Hepatitis vaccination affects the number of susceptible population, because the more successful the vaccination, the smaller the number of susceptible populations so that the smaller the population will be infected.
Keyword: Dynamic, Hepatitis B, Vaccine, Mathematical model