Judul: Peranakan Ongole Heifer Cattle Production Performance during Recondition with Fermented Feed and Concentrate Feed
Abstrak: Performa sapi dipengaruhi oleh beberapa aspek seperti manajemen pemberian pakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji performa sapi dara Peranakan Ongole (PO) pada masa rekondisi dengan pakan fermentasi sorinfer sebagai substitusi konsentrat terhadap performa produksi sapi dara PO sebelum perkawinan inseminasi buatan. Sapi yang digunakan berupa sapi PO dara betina sebanyak 6 ekor umur 1–2 tahun (I0–I1) dengan rataan bobot awal sebesar 174,17±28,32kg. Penelitian ini menggunakan 2 perlakuan ransum yaitu konsentrat dan sorinfer. Peubah yang diamati berupa suhu dan kelembapan, Temperature Humidity Index (THI), konsumsi ransum as feed, bahan kering (BK), protein kasar (PK), energi (TDN), konversi ransum as feed, BK, pertambahan bobot badan (PBB), bobot akhir serta feed cost per gain (FCG). Data dianalisis kovarian menggunakan Statistical Analysis Software. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsumsi ransum as feed, BK, PK, TDN perlakuan sorinfer nyata lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan dengan perlakuan konsentrat. Akan tetapi nilai konversi as feed, perlakuan konsentrat nyata lebih efisien (P<0,05) dibandingkan dengan perlakuan sorinfer. Sorinfer dapat digunakan sebagai pakan alternatif, meskipun PBB yang diberikan cukup rendah., Cattle performance is affected by several aspect such as feeding management. This study aims to examine the effect of sorinfer silage as concentrate substitution on the production performance of Ongole Crossbreed (PO) heifers during the reconditioning period before artificial insemination mating. The cows used are PO heifers within the age of 1–2 years (I0–I1) female with an average initial weight of 174,17±28,32kg. This study used 2 ration treatments, concentrate and sorinfer. The observed variables included were temperature and humidity, Temperature Humidity Index (THI), consumption of as feed, dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), energy (TDN), conversion of as feed, DM, body weight gain (BWG), final weight and feed cost per gain (FCG). Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance using Statistical Analysis Software. The results showed that the consumption of as feed, CP, DM and TDN in sorinfer were significantly higher (P<0.05) compared to the concentrate. However, the value of as feed conversion in concentrate was significantly more efficient (P<0.05) compared to the sorinfer. Sorinfer can be used as an alternative feed, although the BWG given is quite low.
Keyword: performa produksi, rekondisi, sapi dara PO, sorinfer

Judul: Performance Peranakan Ongole (PO) Heifer with Concentrate and Fermented Feed during the Reconditioning Period
Abstrak: Performa sapi dara menjadi hal penting untuk menunjang produktifitasnya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh pemberian kombinasi sorinfer sebagai substitusi sebagian konsentrat terhadap performa produksi sapi dara Peranakan Ongole (PO) selama periode rekondisi. Sapi yang digunakan pada penelitia ini yaitu sapi dara PO berumur 1−2 tahun (I0−I1) sebanyak 12 ekor dengan rataan bobot awal 177,17±20,35 kg. Penelitian ini menggunakan 3 perlakuan ransum yaitu konsentrat yang dikombinasikan sorinfer dan jerami. Rasio konsentrat, sorinfer, dan jerami adalah 50:20:30 (R1), 35:35:30 (R2), dan 20:50:30 (R3). Peubah yang diamati diantaranya suhu dan kelembapan lingkungan, Temperature Humidity Index (THI), konsumsi ransum as feed, konsumsi BK, konsumsi PK, konsumsi TDN, konversi ransum as feed, konversi BK, Pertambahan Bobot Badan (PBB), bobot akhir, dan feed cost per gain (FCG). Data dianalisis sidik peragam (ANCOVA), kemudian diuji dengan Least Square Mean menggunakan Statistical Analysis Software (SAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsumsi ransum as feed perlakuan R3 nyata lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya. Konversi ransum as feed dan FCG untuk ketiga perlakuan tidak berbeda secara nyata. PBB perlakuan R2 dan R3 nyata lebih tinggi dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya (P<0,05). Perlakuan R2 dan R3 menghasilkan rekondisi sapi dara terbaik berdasarkan konsumsi as feed, konsumsi BK, konsumsi PK, konsumsi TDN, PBB, dan bobot akhir., The performance of heifers is important to support their productvity. The purpose of this study isto examine the effect of partial substitution of concentrate feed with sorinfer silage on the production performance of peranakan ongole (PO) heifer during the reconditioning period. The experiment used 12 heads of PO heifers aging 1−2 years (I0−I1) with an initial liveweight of 177,17±20,35 kg. This experiment used 3 ration treatments, namely combination concentrate, sorinfer silage, and hay with a ratio of 50:20:30 (R1), 35:35:30 (R2), and 20:50:30 (R3). The observed parameters included ambient temperature and humidity, Temperature Humidity Index (THI), feed consumption, feed conversion, daily body weight gain, final live weight, and feed cost per kg live weight gain (FCG). The data were analyzed by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and between treatments differences were tested using least Square Means (LS Means) method. The results showed that the R3 consumption as fed was significantly higher (P<0,05) compared to the other two feed treatments. Feed conversions and FCG were not significantly different among treatments. Body weight gain of R2 and R3 treatments were significantly higher compared to R1 treatment (P<0,05). The R2 and R3 treatments gave the best results for reconditioning heifers based on as feed consumption, dry matter feed consumption, PK consumption TDN consumption, live weight gain, and final live weight.
Keyword: performance production, PO heifer, sorinfer, recondition

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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