Judul: Morfotipe Ektomikoriza Famili Dipterocarpaceae dengan Metode Lubang Bor di Hutan Penelitian Haurbentes, Bogor
Abstrak: In Indonesian, Dipterocarpaceae grows in nutrient-poor and acidic soils which usually characterized by low rates of organic matter decomposition, due to it’s selective advantage of ectomycorrizas association. This research aimed to study ectomycorrizal root tip morphotypes in Haurbentes conservation forest, Bogor. The root tip morphotype was determinited by observation of root branching pattern, colour, mantle, and rhizomorph. One hundred ninety one root tips from 48 core samples derived from 8 spesies of Dipterocarpaceae were observed for root colonization and morphotype. Data showed that roots of all plant species were colonized by ectomycorrizas with the average value 34.72% or 2.15 x 102 cm. They produced 12 different morphotypes. They were unramified-simple black straight, unramified-simple black bent, unramified-simple cream colored bent, monopodial pyramide brown straight, monopodial pinnate black tortuous, monopodial pinnate brown straight, monopodial pinnate brown bent, monopodial pinnate brown tortuous, irregularly pinnate black tortuous, irregularly pinnate brown tortuous, irregularly pinnate brown bent, and irregularly pinnate cream colored bent. The highest value of root colonization abundance was observed from irregularly pinnate brown morphotype (32.54 %), while the lowest was found in monopodial pinnate black tortuous (0.37 %).
Keyword: Root tips morphotype, Haurbentes conservation forest, Ectomycorrhizas, Dipterocarpaceae

Judul: Ektomikoriza Pinus merkusii di Bagian Kesatuan Pemangku Hutan (BKPH) Lembang
Abstrak: Pinus merkusii in BKPH Lembang conservation forest was associated with ectomycorrhizal fungi which produced 4 root tip morphotypes. They were irregular pinnate, dichotomous, monopodial, and coralloid. Irregular pinnate was dominant morphotype observed with occurrence frequency of 72,5%. The four morphotypes were developed by three fungal orders belong to Boletales, Russulales and Tuberales. Boletales produced two morphotypes, irregular pinnate and coralloid, whereas Russulales and Tuberales produced dichotomous and monopodial morphotypes, respectively. One ectomycorrhizal fungus was sucessfully isolated from P. merkusii ectomycorrhizal root tip. Based on morphological and molecular analysis, the isolated fungus was identified as Cenococcum geophilum. The soil properties of BKPH Lembang were acidic soil containing very low P and Ca, and low Mg and K.
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Judul: Penetapan Harga Jaminan Polis Asuransi Jiwa dengan Premi  Tahunan dan Opsi Surrender
Abstrak: Asuransi jiwa memberikan perlindungan pada tertanggung (pemegang polis) jika mengalami risiko finansial, dengan suatu perjanjian tertanggung harus membayar premi. Premi yang sudah terkumpul pada perusahaan asuransi dapat diinvestasikan, yang salah satu tempatnya adalah di pasar bursa. Perusahaan asuransi menawarkan suatu kontrak kepada pemegang polis yang disebut dengan kontrak partisipasi. Pada kontrak partisipasi risiko finansial dan keuntungan dibagi dengan pemegang polis dan biasanya keuntungan tersebut dimasukkan ke dalam cadangan polis pada tiap akhir tahun kontrak. Hal ini berarti secara tidak langsung perusahaan asuransi menyatakan penambahan pertanggungan, sehingga mengakibatkan perubahan benefit yang diterima oleh pemegang polis. Pada kontrak partisipasi ini, pemegang polis diberikan hak untuk mengakhiri kontrak (opsi surrender). Pada kontrak partisipasi asuransi jiwa endowmen terdapat opsi bonus (bonus option) yang penghitungan besar preminya dengan pendekatan tipe Eropa dan opsi surrender (surrender option) dengan tipe Amerika.
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