Judul: Analisis Pangsa Pasar Minuman Teh dalam Kemasan dengan Metode Rantai Markov
Abstrak: In the era of economic globalization, companies require to compete with other companies. Soft drink industry has a potential to grow with a number of companies that produce bottle tea drinks making costumers more critical and careful in the selection process. The existence of potential competitors to enter the market is a challenge for companies. Therefore companies need to periodically monitor its market share and competitors products in order to analyze the products and determine the market share of the market. In this study the market share of product was determined using the Markov Chain method.
Keyword: Markov Chain., market share

Judul: Analisis Pangsa Pasar Minuman Susu Cair UHT dengan Metode Rantai Markov.
Abstrak: Persaingan produk minuman susu cair UHT semakin meningkat. Hal ini mendorong para produsen untuk mempertahankan pelanggannya dan sekaligus mendapatkan pelanggan baru. Saat ini konsumen memiliki banyak pilihan merk yang memiliki kualitas yang sebanding, namun preferensinya berbeda-beda yang disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor. Informasi pasar terkait dengan persaingan pasar dalam industri minuman susu cair UHT merupakan pangsa pasar yang dimiliki oleh masing-masing merk di mana pangsa pasar bersifat dinamis, sehingga perusahaan perlu memantau secara periodik pangsa pasar produknya dan mengetahui perubahan pasar yang terjadi. Dalam karya ilmiah ini metode rantai Markov digunakan untuk memprediksi pangsa pasar minuman susu cair UHT dengan asumsi tidak ada perubahan yang terjadi pada pasar sehingga tidak mempengaruhi perubahan komposisi pangsa pasar. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam karya ilmiah ini merupakan prediksi pangsa pasar minuman susu cair UHT pada tahun 2028 dalam keadaan stabil di mana prediksi pangsa susu Ultramilk pada jangka panjang sebesar 39.59%, susu Frisian Flag sebesar 20.23%, susu Indomilk sebesar 20%, susu Bear Brand sebesar 8.88%, susu Milo sebesar 4.56%, susu Hilo sebesar 3.51%, dan merk lainnya sebesar 3.22%.
Keyword: consumers, customer, market share, Markov chain

Judul: Biology and ecology of the buffalo fly, haematobia exigua de meijere (diptera:muscidae)
Abstrak: The life history of the buffalo fly was observed at room temperature of 27°-29.5°C and at a relative humidity of 48-68 percent. The eggs hatched after 17-22 hours, with an average of 18 hours. First instar larvae measured 1.25 + 0.16 mm long and 0.27 + 0.037 mm wide. reach the second larval stage. It took 6-12 hours to the second instar larvae measured 2.676 +0.187 mm long and 0.353 +0.028 mm wide. The second instar took about 12-24 hours to reach the third larval stage. The third instar measured 6.833 + 0.189 mm long and 0.919 + 0.051 mm wide. It took about 2-3 days for the third instar to become pupae. Duration of the pupal stage was about 5-7 days before the adults emerged. Under laboratory condition, the buffalo fly completed its life cycle in 9.5 to 10.5 days, whereas under field condition it took 9-14 days with an average of 10.5 days. The growth ratio which was based on the measurements of the cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton of each instar was 1.797. The preoviposition period was 8-12 days and mating usually occurred on the 6th or 7th day. The longevity of the male was 29 days, whereas it was 32 days in the female. The range of egg production under laboratory condition was between 20-139 per female fly. The belly and hind legs of the carabao were the most preferred habitat either during cloudy and cool dry or shiny and warm day. When the weather was clear and the carabao was in the shade, the flies tended to be more distributed particularly on the shoulder, dewlap, back and horns. The carabaos had relatively fewer Musca sp. and Stomoxys calcitrans than cattle; never the less carabaos had a higher infestation of buffalo fly than cattle. Oviposition occured either during the day or night but the buffalo flies were more active during the night than in the day time. The effect of various lengths of exposure time of manure in relation to the oviposition was profound. observed, the maximum number of the buffalo flies was occurred when the dung was exposed for 30 minutes. With increasing time of exposure the number and variety of insects also increase. It was evident that Sepsidae and psychodidae were the most dominant insects emerging from the dung. The number of buffalo flies also increased with increasing
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