Judul: Analisis data landsat ETM+ untuk kajian geomorfologi dan penutup/penggunaan lahan dan pemanfaatannya untuk pemetaan lahan kritis di Kota Cilegon
Abstrak: Excessive activity of land or soil management could have impacts in the form of soil damage and creation of critical land. Such condition occurs in nearly all areas of Indonesia, including Cilegon city. Land is categorized as critical, if at present, it is not productive or not sufficiently productive, from the point of view of agricultural use, because its management and use has insufficient or no consideration on soil conservation principles. Critical land could disturb ecological balance which results in reduction of environmental quality, and further economic disturbance toward the community. The objectives of this research were: 1) analyzing the data of Landsat ETM+ for study of geomorphology and land cover/land use, 2) identification and mapping of critical land, 3) studying the cause of critical land occurrence in its relation with land form and land use, and 4) providing recommendation for reducing the damage on environmental carrying capacity or for reducing critical land. Method of critical land determination referred to that of Departemen Kehutanan RI, (2003) whereas the calculation was performed by overlay analysis with Geographic Information System (GIS). Based on analysis of Landsat ETM+ Imagery, it was obtained that, combination of band 452 constituted the best combination for geomorphological study, whereas combination of band 542 constituted the best combination for study of land cover/land use. Based on calculation of determining factors for critical land, which comprise land cover/land use, slope, erosion level, and land management condition in the research area, the following results were obtained: 1.977 Ha (10,98%) was categorized as critical land, 639 Ha (3,55%) was categorized as somewhat critical, 5.197 Ha (28,87%) was potentially critical, and 10.189 Ha (56,80%) was non critical land. Factors which had much influence on the occurrence of critical land in the research area were morphology of land form (slope), types of land use (mixed garden/dry land farm), and low quality management of land (soil and water conservation practice). Therefore, critical land area occurred much on land form of denudational volcanic cone of Gunung Gede (KVDG), denudational volcanic cone of Gunung Cidanau (KVDC) and denudational volcanic hill (PVD) which had slopes ranging from steep to very steep. Based on field observation results, impacts of industrial activities (gases and chemical wastes) contributed directly and indirectly to the occurrence of critical land. Research on this problem should be conducted further in other occasion. Key words: Landsat ETM+, Geomorphology, Geographic Information System, Land form, Land use, Critical Land.
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Judul: Analisis perubahan penggunaan lahan dan potensi terjadinya lahan kritis di Kabupaten Kulon Progo Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Abstrak: Population growth and development activities have been affecting change of land use. The change of land use, in many case has caused land degradation that lead to formation of critical land. This study aims to (1) analyzed the spatial patterns of land use in Kulon Progo District during 1996 until 2009, (2) analyzed the formation of critical land, (3) analyzed change of land use that affect for critical land. The method used in the study include land use interpretation using landsat image, analyze change of land use by utilizing remote sensing technology. Determining critical land using criteria from forestry according to SK Dirjen RLPS No: SK.167/V-SET/2004. The result of study showed that land use in Kulon Progo District during period 1996-2009 have two type of change: decrease and increase. Land use that decrease include bush: 148 ha, forest: 981 ha, mixed garden: 406 ha, and paddy field: 168 ha. Land use type that increase include residential: 1,101 ha, rain fed field: 74 ha, farmstead: 390 ha, and waduk (water reservoir): 144 ha. During 1996-2009, the land in Kulon Progo District show that area of critical land increase 657 ha from 3,274 ha to 3,931 ha, rather critical land increase 227 ha from 4,025 ha to 4,252 ha. Meanwhile, the area of potential critical land decrease 746 ha from 16,127 ha to 15,381 ha, and un-critical land decrease 138 ha from 34,601 ha to 34,463 ha. The change of land use that cause critical land especially in conservation area is conversion land use of forest to land use non-forest include rain fed field, and farmstead. Rehabilitation of critical land have to consider level of critical land, and the function area so that can be effective and efficient.
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Judul: Antibodi anti-idiotipe sebagai kandidat vaksin rabies, Anti-idiotype andibody as a rabies vaccine candidate
Abstrak: Anti rabies serum (ARS) called antibody 1 (Ab1) was used as the antigen to immunize laying chickens. Anti-Ab1 chicken immunoglobulins (IgY), the antiidiotype antibodies against rabies (Ab2) was isolated from chicken blood every week for ten weeks. The highest titer of Ab2 was found at the third week after the last immunization. Immunoglobulin Y was separated by means of ammonium sulfate precipitation, then dialyzed using PBS pH 8.0 for 24 hours at 2 – 8 oC and purified using affinity chromatography column for IgY lead the proteins molecules with 185,000; 95,000 and 49,000 dalton in weigth. Purified IgY was used to immunize New Zealand White rabbit and the antibody response (Ab3) was detected using Agar Gel Precipitation Test (AGPT). The Ab3 showed specific reaction with Ab2 as well as rabies virus. Interestingly, Ab2 and rabies virus express partial identity reaction. This lead the insight, that not all parts of Ab2 are internal image of rabies virus. The efficacy of Ab3 was detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indicated that the level of Ab3 titer is protective according to WHO standard (more than 0.5 IU/ml). The conclusion of this study is the anti-idiotype antibody can induce protective immune response against rabies virus and can be used as an alternative for rabies anti-idiotype vaccine. Key words : anti-idiotype vaccine, antibody, rabies
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