Judul: Performance and Body Condition Score (BCS) of Garut Ewe Lambs Fed Concentrate with Different Protein and Energy Content
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemberian ransum dengan protein dan energi yang berbeda terhadap performa induk domba garut yang dikawinkan dengan domba dorper. Penelitian ini menggunakan 20 ekor domba garut betina berumur 1-2 tahun dengan rataan bobot 36,37±4,04 kg. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 2 perlakuan dan 2 kelompok. Perlakuan terdiri atas P0=Konsentrat komersial 40% + Rumput BH 60% dengan PK 11% dan TDN 56,74% dan P1=Konsentrat terstandar 40% + Rumput BH 60% dengan PK 14% dan TDN 61,66%. Variabel yang diukur meliputi konsumsi pakan, body condition score (BCS), pertambahan bobot badan (PBB), dan income over feed cost (IOFC). Data dianalisis menggunakan Independent Sample T-Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ransum dengan protein 14% berpengaruh nyata (P=0,05) meningkatkan konsumsi ransum dan PBB induk domba pada bulan ke 2 dan 3 setelah pemeliharaan. Selain itu, BCS juga berpengaruh nyata (P=0,05) pada bulan ke 1 dan ke 3 setelah pemeliharaan. Nilai IOFC pada perlakuan konsentrat terstandar menghasilkan keuntungan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan konsentrat komersial. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan konsentrat terstandar yang diberikan pada induk domba garut dapat memperbaiki performa dan IOFC., This study aims to analyze the provision of rations with different proteins and energy on the performance of garut ewes mated with dorper sheep. This study used 20 female garut sheep aged 1-2 years with an average weight of 36.37±4.04 kg. This study used a Randomized Group Design with 2 treatments and 2 groups. Treatments consisted of P0 = 40% commercial concentrate + 60% BH grass with 11% PK and 56,74% TDN and P1 = 40% standardized concentrate + 60% BH grass with 14% PK and 61,66% TDN. Variables measured included feed consumption, body condition score (BCS), body weight gain (BWG), and income over feed cost (IOFC). Data were analyzed using Independent Sample T-Test. The results showed that feeding rations with 14% protein significantly (P=0.05) increased ration consumption and BWG of ewes in the 2nd and 3rd months after maintenance. In addition, BCS also significantly (P=0.05) in the 1st and 3rd month after maintenance. The IOFC value in the standardized concentrate treatment resulted in higher. It can be concluded that the use of standardized concentrates given to garut ewes can improve performance and IOFC.
Keyword: Performance, BCS, Garut Ewes, Standardize Concentrate

Judul: Performance of Garut sheep on Different frequency of feeding
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji frekuensi pakan yang berbeda terhadap pertambahan bobot badan domba jantan. Materi yang digunakan sebanyak 24 ekor domba jantan rataan bobot badan 21.8±1.48 kg dan rataan umur 1 tahun 5 bulan (I1). Metode penelitian yaitu menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah perlakuan F0 (5 kali hari-1) dengan konsentrat pemberian pakan pertama, perlakuan F1 (4 kali hari-1) dengan hijauan pakan pertama, dan perlakuan F2 (5 kali hari-1) dengan hijauan pakan pertama . Peubah yang diamati meliputi PBBH (Pertambahan Bobot Badan Harian), konsumsi BK (Bahan Kering), konversi pakan, dan efisiensi pakan. Data yang dianalisis ragam (ANOVA), dilanjutkan analisis Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan PBBH, konversi pakan, efisiensi pakan tidak berbeda nyata, sedangkan konsumsi BK berbeda nyata (P<0.05). Konsumsi BK pada F0 terendah dibandingkan F1 dan F2 serta F1 tertinggi. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah frekuensi pemberian pakan 5 kali hari-1 dengan hijauan sebagai pakan pertama dipagi hari menghasilkan performa yang lebih baik dibandingkan frekuensi 4 kali hari-1 serta frekuensi 5 kali hari-1 dengan pemberian konsentrat terlebih dahulu di pagi hari., This research is to examine different frequency feeding of weight gain on male sheep. Material used is 24 male sheep with average weight 21.8+-1.48 kg and average age 1 year 5 month (I1). Method used in this research is complete random design. Treatment which given is F0 (5 times in 1 day) with concentrate in a first give, treatment F1 (4 times in 1 day) with grasses in a first give, and treatment F2 (5 times in 1 day) with grasses in a first give. Variable which observed is ADG (Average Daily Gain), dry matter consumption, feed convertion, and feed efficiency. Data will analyzed with variate analysis, and then with Duncan analysis. Result of this research shown that ADG, feed convertion, and feed efficiency is not real different, while dry matter consumption is real different (P<0.05). Dry matter consumption on F0 treatment is a lowest than F1 and F2 treatment. Conclusion of this research is feeding 5 times in 1 day with grasses as a first feed on morning have better performance than 4 times in 1 day frequency and 5 times in 1 day frequency with concentrate in a first feed.
Keyword: frequency of feed, Garut sheep

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
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