Judul: Potensi ekstrak jahe merah (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) dan campurannya dengan herba suruhan (Peperomia pellucida [L]) sebagai antihiperurisemia pada tikus
Abstrak: Jahe merah merupakan tanman obat yang telah digunakan oleh masyarakat untuk pengobatan penyakit gout. Gout merupakan penyakit metabolik yang terjadi akibat tingginya konsentrasi asam urat dalam darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji potensi jahe merah dan campurannya dengan herba suruhan sebagai antihiperurisemia.
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Judul: Khasiat Antiinflamasi Ekstrak Herba Suruhan (Peperomia pellucida [L]) dan Campurannya dengan Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) pada Tikus
Abstrak: Suruhan herb has been reported for its anti-inflammatory activity, but its usage are still limited. Besides suruhan herb, the other plant which can be used as anti-inflammatory drugs is red ginger. The objective of this research was to test the effectivity of the formula mixture of suruhan herb and red ginger extracts as anti-inflamation in vivo. A total of 24 male white Wistar strain rats were divided into six groups: the control group (CMC 0.5%), the sodium diclofenac (1.25 mg/kg BB), the suruhan herb (100 mg/kg BW), the suruhan herb (117.5 mg/kg BW), the formula 1 extract, and the formula 2 extract. The volume of the rats carrageenan-induced foot paw was measured using plethysmometer for six hours. The results showed that carragenan-induced increased the foot paw of rats. Eventhough data were not statistically significant, suruhan herb-ginger extract tended to reduce inflammation in vivo. The effect was the same as the commercialized anti-inflammatory drugs natrium diclofenac and was better than the single extract. The percentage of inflammatory inhibition of formula 1 was 33.69% and formula 2 was 28.31%. Moreover, mixture of suruhan herb-ginger extract reduced leukocytes level more than natrium diclofenac.
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Judul: Thermal Characteristics and Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone over Western North Pacific Ocean: A Case Study of Typhoon Songda (Chedeng) 2011
Abstrak: The frequent occasion of Tropical Cyclone (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) Ocean lies from 10˚N to 26˚N and 121˚E to 170˚E. Sources of TC development come from warm ocean temperature where latent heat is released during condensation processes and subsequently concentrated in the boundary layer. Relative humidity at 850-700 hPa is responsible to produce the most intense storm. Meanwhile, weak vertical wind shear between 850-200 hPa is one of the dynamical factors that lead to the development of TC. Pressure level of 850-200 hPa is chosen to minimize the thermodynamic effect in the lower troposphere. Typhoon Songda (Chedeng in the Philippines) or TSC lasted from May 18th to 30th, 2011 and strengthened into powerful Super Typhoon stage between May 24th and 27th. Long curving track and the exhibition of all sequences of TC life cycle, TSC is then considered as an ideal case of TC. The objective of the study with case of TSC is to investigate the role of thermal characteristics and dynamics on TC intensity. The research is carried out by using Advanced Research of Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF ARW model) version 3.3. Two domains are employed in the model. The first domain situate from 02˚N to 40˚N and 118˚E to 149˚E and cover spatial resolution () of 33.1 km. The second domain situate from 09˚N to 27˚N and 119˚E to 132˚E with of 11 km. Timestep of the model () is 120 seconds. The model is supported by the following physical parameterization, i.e., Yonsei University Scheme (YSU) in the boundary layer, Kain-Fritsch scheme (KF) in the cumulus, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class scheme in the microphysics. Initial meteorological condition prior to the formation of the cyclone is generated using WRF ARW standard-release model. Sensitivity of the model output is obtained from a selected single-parameter change scenarios, namely, 10 % to 20 % decrease and increase of wind shear initial data at 850-200 hPa, and by 10 % to 20 % decrease of relative humidity initial data at 850-700 hPa. The result showed that the negative correlations between wind shear and intensity are found in wind shear scenarios. Wind shears of 10 ms-1 which lead to strengthening of the wind intensity in the early period of Typhoon development are found in wind shear scenarios. The effect of wind shear changes on wind intensity is statistically significant in the 20 % wind shear scenarios. During mature stage, weak wind intensity occurred when wind shear increase as given in the WRF standard-release and the 20 % decreasing scenario. Different situation is found in the 20 % increasing scenario where wind shear tend to weak and lead to strong wind intensity at this stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of moisture supply at 850-700 hPa resulting from 20 % decreasing relative humidity play a major role in the weakening of wind intensity and reduces mechanical energy of the cycle process as much as 300 J kg-1.
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