Judul: Technical Efficiency Analysis of Semi-Organic Rice Farming in Cigombong Sub-District Bogor District
Abstrak: The development of semi-organic rice in Cigombong Sub-district is quite prospected. Cigombong Sub-district has the largest land area of organic rice in Bogor District and semi-organic rice production has been conducted since 2002. However, semi-organic rice productivity in Cigombong Sub-district is still relatively low due to the inefficiencies in the use of inputs or production factors (such as: land, seed, compost, etc) in farming and inefficiencies that come from internal factors farmers (such as: age, education, experience and so on). The aims of this study are 1) to analyze the factors that influence the production of semi-organic rice farming in Cigombong Sub-district, Bogor District; 2) to analyze the technical efficiency of semi-organic rice farming in Cigombong Sub-district, Bogor District; and 3) to analyze the income of semiorganic rice farming in Cigombong Sub-district, Bogor District. Stochastic Frontier Production function with Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method was used to analyze the problems in this research. The research was done in Cigombong Sub-district Bogor District from January 2013 until December 2013. Respondents in this research were selected by purposive sampling method. This research used cross section data and it was gotten by direct interview to the sample farmers. The research findings showed that land (X1), seed (X2), compost (X3), urea (X4), and labour (X5) had positive significant effect on semi-organic rice production. Land, compost, and urea were significant at 95% level, seed was significant at 90% level, and labour was significant at 85% level. The result also showed that the semi-organic rice farming was technically efficient (mean efficiency was 0.78). Land ownership status was an important factor in technical inefficiency and it significantly increased technical efficiency. Besides, the research also showed that the semi-organic rice farming was profitable (the benefit was Rp3 233 498.09) and feasible to be developed (R/C ratio by cash cost was 1.42 and R/C ratio by total cost was 1.24).
Keyword: farmers income, production factors, stochastic frontier

Judul: Luas Lahan Minimal sebagai Faktor Produksi Usahatani Padi Sawah di Kecamatan Cigombong, Kabupaten Bogor berdasarkan Perhitungan Produksi Tertinggi
Abstrak: Land is one of the important factors in agrosystem production. As a consequence of the increasing human population, land as an agricultural production factor becomes scarce and this could generate various problems related to land ownership, domination, and cultivation. Land associated problems affect agriculture production level that in turn will also influence the level of farmer's earnings and prosperity. Cigombong Sub-district represents one of the rice production centres in Bogor District. Since 2005, Cigombong Sub-district has been implementing a healthy agriculture program based on organic agriculture. The aims of this research were to analyse the feasibility of lowland rice farming and to determine the minimmn feasible land area for organic and conventional lowland rice farming in Cigombong Sub-district The analysis used to determine minimum land area was based on the highest calculated mean of ratio between recommended rates of Nitrogen and Phosphorus fertilizer with those rates at farmer's level multiplied by the corresponding production level at various land areas. The results indicated that the average rice-productivity of the organic farming system (0,48 kg/m2) was lower than that of the conventional one (0,53 kg/m2). Within the land-owner farmer group, the organic farming system resulted in a lower R/C ratio vaIue (1,29) as compared with that of the conventional one (1,41). Within the land-renter farmer group, the R/C ratio value of the organic farming system (1,49) was higher than that of the conventional one (1,30). This indicated that the organic agriculture system was more feasible to be developed in Cigombong Sub-district. The feasible minimum land area for organic lowland rice farming was less than 2500 m2, while for the conventional one was lower (5000-7499 m2).
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Judul: Embriogenesis ikan buta (Astyanax fasciatus)
Abstrak: Ikan buta Astyanax fasciatus adalah spesies ikan unik dari famili Characidae yang menempati perairan dalam gua di Wilayah La Cueva Chica-San Luis Potasi-Mexico. Ikan ini memiliki mata yang tereduksi (Blind Cavefish) dan warna kulit merah muda, pucat serta mengkilap.
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