Judul: Efek Perbedaan Teknik Pengeringan  terhadap Kualitas, Fermentabilitas, dan Kecernaan Hay Daun Rami  (Boehmeria nivea L Gaud)
Abstrak: Ramie leaves as by product of ramie fiber plantation, have great potentials as animal feedstuff. However, their utilizations are limited due to their periodical availability. There is a need of ramie leaves preservation so that the leaves can be used in animal daily ration. Drying leaves under open sunlight is the cheapest preservation method. However, frequently rainfall interfered in tropical rainforest like Indonesia causes mold contamination on the material. Therefore, alternative drying techniques need to be studied. Ramie leaves from Koppontren Darussalam Garut were used to evaluate the effect of different drying techniques on dried ramie leave nutrition composition, fermentability and digestibility. The drying technique used are open sun drying at 7 (KM-7), 14 (KM-14) and 21 (KM-21) hours of light intensity, green house drying at 7 (RK-7), 14 (RK-14) and 21 (RK-21) hours of light intensity, and oven heat at 50o C (Ov-50), 60o C (Ov-60) and 70o C (Ov-70). The proximate composition had been determined according to AOAC (1999). NDF and ADF had been determined according to van Soest (1991). The concentration VFA and NH3 were measured according to General Laboratory Procedures (1966), while gas production were measured according to Menke et al (1979). Tilley and Terry (1963) method were used to determine dry matter and organic matter digestibility. Drying in green house at 14 h and open sun drying at 21 h sun light intensities reduced moisture content to storage safety level (DM>86%). Drying in oven in all temperature produced hay with moisture content <14% (DM>86%). Ov-50 resulted higher ramie leaves CP content than RK-14, RK-21, or KM-21. Organic matter digestibilities estimated from gas production of Ov’s techniques were lower than RK’ or KM’s. At least 14 hours of light intensities were needed to produce dried ramie leaves with moisture content less than 14% or DM > 86% on green house and 21 hours if oven sun drying technique will be applied. Drying ramie leaves at lower temperature (50o C) were sufficient.
Keyword: 

Judul: Optimalisasi kualitas silase daun  rami (Boehmeria nivea, L. GAUD) melalui penambahan beberapa zat additif
Abstrak: A research to study the influence of additives and ensiling times on ramie leaves silage qualities for ruminant have been studied in vitro using completely and block factorial 3 x 3 designs. Three types of water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) and dry matter sources as additives (A1 = cassava meal, A2 = pollard and A3 = corn meal) and three ensiling times (B1 = 28, B2 = 35, and B3 = 42 days) have been investigated. The degradability of organic matter to form VFA and protein to form NH3 were measured according to General Laboratory Procedure (1966), while the rate organic matter fermentation was measured follow the procedure of Menke et al., (1979). Value of pH and protein degradability were measured follow procedure of Naumann dan Bassler (1997) and Carro dan Miller (1999). The variable of this research consist of physical characteristic and fermentation parameters, fermentability and digestibility of the silages by ruminant have been determined in vitro. In generally, physical characteristic of ramie leaf silage are green brown, lactic acid odor and softer texture. Ramie leaf silage with additive corn meal (A3) have breakage. pH parameters showed that A1 acidified the silages faster than the A2 ones (3,62 vs 5,13). High pH of A3 (7,35) treatment was caused by the rought texture of corn meal used in this experiment. The silages were categorized as fermentable and high digestible feeds for ruminants (NH3 > 8,89 mM, VFA > 94.88 mM). Production gas for 24 hours incubation rumen liquor and estimation of organic matter digestibility (OMD) after 6 weeks ensiling time were around 72% and 50%.
Keyword: 

Judul: Centrality test for Non-Normal And Skewed Population
Abstrak: The t modified 2 test is more robust than t test for skewed popnlation. This test tolerate the population skewness from -1.2 to 1.2 sample size is reather than 25. The sign test robust to the populated skewed population, but the value of the estimated always close to the size of the tcst. Wilcoxon test is not robust to the population skewness. This test is more suittalble for Symmetric population
Keyword: