Judul: Pengaruh Kompetensi Kewirausahaan Terhadap Kinerja Usaha Kuliner Di Banjarbaru Kalimantan Selatan.
Abstrak: Micro and small culinary businesses in Banjarbaru have the largest number of increases compared to other fields. The online marketing system from 2017 to 2019 has increased by 14%, culinary business actors are starting to switch to online because their products are quickly known by the Banjarbaru community. Food and beverage sellers who use offline and online marketing systems, their shops are more crowded with customers. Food and beverage business actors who only use an offline marketing system, the shop is empty of customers. Business actors who make products faster to be served to customers are more attractive to customers to visit the store. Based on this condition, it means that there are differences in the competence of business actors in managing the business. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine entrepreneurial competence, individual characteristics and psychological characteristics, external factors and performance, analyze the influence of entrepreneurial competence and factor external on the performance of culinary businesses in Banjarbaru and analyze the inf luence individual characteristics and psychological characteristics and factor external on the entrepreneurial competence. Respondents in this study were culinary entrepreneurs with a total of 210 people who were determined by the survey method. Survey was carried out on February 2021-May 2021. Data analysis in this study used the Structural Equation Model (SEM) with the help of AMOS software. The results showed that, first, the age of the most dominant respondents who were still productive was 18-39 years old. Culinary business owners have high technical skills, relationship skills and customer service skills. Respondents have different tenacity slogans. Respondents promote and sell in stores and online applications. Culinary business owners make their products quickly. The government provides assistance in the form of bazaar facilities. The acceptance received by culinary business owners is high. Second, individual characteristics and psychological characteristics have a positive and significant impact on entrepreneurial competence. Entrepreneurs who have high tenacity. Respondents have the motivation to help the family economy. External factors have no effect on entrepreneurial competence because respondents feel that the community does not help in improving the ability of respondents.Third, entrepreneurial competence and external factors have a positive and significant impact on business performance. The manifest variable of entrepreneurial competency that has the greatest reflection is technical ability. The ability of culinary business owners to be able to make their own products and know each process. Acceptance increases by increasing capabilities in product manufacture and product promotion, as well as the help of external factors.
Keyword: individual characteristics, micro and small business, motivation

Judul: The Influence of Entrepreneurial Marketing on Supply Chain and Competitiveness Performance in Micro Culinary Enterprises in Bogor Regency
Abstrak: Kunci peningkatan daya saing UMKM kuliner terletak pada pelaku usaha yang memiliki jiwa kewirausahaan dan jiwa inovasi yang tinggi, yang mana hal ini merupakan cerminan penerapan entrepreneurial marketing. Pengukuran kinerja rantai pasok digunakan untuk mengoperasionalkan rantai pasok dengan baik, sehingga dapat efektif dan efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh entrepreneurial marketing terhadap kinerja rantai pasok dan daya saing pada usaha mikro kuliner di Kabupaten Bogor dan penelitian ini berlangsung pada Juli hingga Agustus 2023 di Kabupaten Bogor. Pengambilan sampel penelitian ini dengan teknik purposive sampling sebanyak 125 usaha mikro kuliner dan melakukan metode analisis deksriptif dan SEM-PLS. Berdasarkan hasil analisis SEM-PLS, terdapat entrepreneurial marketing berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja rantai pasok, entrepreneurial marketing berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap daya saing, dan kinerja rantai pasok yang berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap daya saing., The key to increasing the competitiveness of culinary MSMEs lies in business actors who have an entrepreneurial spirit and a high spirit of innovation, which is a reflection of the application of entrepreneurial marketing. Supply chain performance measurement is used to operate the supply chain properly, so that it can be effective and efficient. This study aimed to analyze the effect of entrepreneurial marketing on supply chain performance and competitiveness in micro-culinary businesses in Bogor Regency and this research took place from July to August 2023 in Bogor Regency. Sampling in this study with purposive sampling technique of 125 culinary micro business and carried out descriptive analysis and SEM-PLS methods. Based on SEM analysis, there was a significant and positive effect on supply chain performance, entrepreneurial marketing had a significant and positive effect on competitiveness, and supply chain performance has a significant and positive effect on competitiveness.
Keyword: competitiveness, culinary, entrepreneurial marketing

Judul: Pembuatan Film Tipis Cu2ZnSnS4 sebagai Lapisan Penyerap Cahaya pada Sel Surya Menggunakan Metode Elektrodeposisi
Abstrak: Thin film of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is an alternative semiconductor used as light absorber layer on solar cell. CZTS can replace silicon that commonly used as commercial semiconductor. The advantage of using CZTS as absorber layer is due to the abundance of its chemical composer on earth, and its high value of absorption coefficient. The absorber layer was made by using electrodeposition method on ITO glass substrates. The films were deposited at room temperature using potentiostatic mode with a potential of –1.05 V for 30, 45, and 60 minutes. After that, the films were annealed at two different temperatures, 180 ºC and 500 °C, for 45 minutes in N2/H2S atmosphere. Based on X-ray diffraction analysis, the polycrystalline thin film obtained fall into kesterite crystal phase. This type of crystal was obtained when the CZTS was annealed at 500 °C in H2S/N2 atmosphere. The value of optical band gap energy for the CZTS thin film was 2.2 eV with the film thickness about 1.228–6.366 μm. The sample of CZTS with electrodeposition time of 45 minutes and annealing temperature of 500 °C showed the best result and in conformity with absorber layers criteria for solar cells.
Keyword: semiconductor, ITO glass, CZTS thin film, electrodeposition