Judul: Keterlibatan Warga Pulau Pramuka Dalam Usaha Ekowisata Di Kepulauan Seribu
Abstrak: One of natural resource management form which is becoming a public attention recently is ecotourism exertion. Several nation park has developed this ecotourism activities. For instance, is “Taman Nasional Laut Kepulauan Seribu”. The utilization opportunities of the ecotourism area depends on accses and control patterns that given by national park to involve community’s participation in managing ecotourism areas, so that ecotourism can give economic and ecological benefits to community at the same time. This reaserch was review about community’s participation level in ecotourism exertion and the economic and ecoligic benefit for the community in Pramuka Island, Kepulauan Seribu.
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Judul: Nilai Konservasi Ragam Usaha Wisata Alam di Pulau Pramuka Kabupaten Administrasi Kepulauan Seribu DKI Jakarta
Abstrak: Pramuka Island is a small island that has limited natural resources and act as a buffer area of Thousand Islands National Park (TNKpS). Any tourist activity has had an impact on developments in the business of tourism. Therefore, in such case, it is necessary to have conservation added value for tourism business in small islands with limited resources to support natural resources sustainability. Data collection was performed through interviews, participant observation as well as literature studies. This study showed that the type of services within the tourism business that were mainly developed was boat rental business while for growth of infrastructures, was dominated by lodgings, which actually is the fast growing tourism business within the island. Natural resources that are mostly utilized by these businesses were coral reefs. As a whole, tourism-related businesses that supports the ecology of Pramuka Island, hence has conservation values attached to them were: travel services, tour guides, souvenirs, transplantation of coral reefs and mangrove seedlings. These tourism business rely heavily on the resources of the TNKpS
Keyword: tourism business., Pramuka Island, conservation value, buffer zone

Judul: Effects of Particle Shapes on Temperature Distribution under Static Ohmic Heating.
Abstrak: The ohmic heating is defined as a process wherein an alternating electrical current is passed through materials resulting in the heat generation inside the product. The excellence of ohmic heating in comparison with other thermal processing is its energy efficiency and ohmic heating could keeping nutritional as well quality attribute of food via blanching, sterilization, pasteurization, extraction, fermentation, and evaporation. Nevertheless, in ohmic heating process, the electrical conductivity of product is a key parameter. The worst case in the ohmic heating of multiphase product could be occurred when the solid phase has very lower or very high electrical conductivity than the liquid. This study aims to reveal the temperature distribution and the heating rate properties of solid and liquid phase as affected by particle shape and its orientation to the electric field. Experiments were conducted with salt solution 1% and carrot that blanched in salt solution 6%. Blanching process was conducted in order to increase the electrical conductivity of carrot close to the salt solution 1%. Ohmic heating was applied to the sample using static cell (4.90 cm diameter and 6.00 cm in length of sample area) at constant voltage gradient (40 V). Each experiment was conducted in triplicate. It was observed that the different particle shape and orientation provide the different heating rate properties. The slice particle had the fastest heating rate. Moreover the perpendicular orientation was heated faster than parallel orientation. The parallel cylindrical shape provides the slowest heating rate. This shape possibly induced the worst-case condition and could be used as sufficiency heat parameter. The heating pattern of each solid and liquid were simulated using COMSOL modeling software. The predicted temperature values were in good agreement with the experimental data with the maximum prediction error of 3 °C.
Keyword: particle orientation, particle shape, electrical conductivity, ohmic heating