Judul: Evaluasi Fungsi Ekologis Pohon pada Taman Kota di Malang
Abstrak: Taman kota berperan penting dalam meningkatkan nilai kualitas lingkungan perkotaan sehingga perlu dilakukan evaluasi fungsi ekologis pohon pada taman kota di Malang untuk mengetahui seberapa efektif penggunaan taman kota dalam memberikan fungsi ekologis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi karakteristik lanskap, mengevaluasi fungsi ekologis pohon berupa penyerapan dan penyimpanan karbon serta penghasil oksigen, dan merekomendasikan spesies pohon yang efektif dalam menyediakan fungsi ekologis berbentuk daftar tabel spesies dan planting plant. Penelitian ini berlokasi di taman kota Malang yang memiliki vegetasi pohon serta luas >5000 m^2 yaitu Alun-Alun Merdeka, Taman Singha Merjosari, Taman Trunojoyo, dan Taman Slamet. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara melakukan pengukuran langsung 7 variabel pohon yaitu (diameter at breast high, total tinggi pohon, tinggi hingga pangkal tajuk, lebar tajuk, persen tajuk hilang, kesehatan tajuk, persen tajuk terkena paparan cahaya), observasi lapang, pencarian data sekunder, serta rujukan literatur. Pada penelitian ini, I-Tree Eco digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, keempat taman kota Malang mampu menyerap karbon sebesar 3,6593 ton per tahun, menyimpan karbon sebesar 312,6 ton, dan menghasilkan oksigen sebesar 9,7605 ton per tahun. Spesies pohon yang mampu menyerap karbon serta menghasilkan oksigen tinggi dari empat taman kota adalah Angsana (Pterocarpus indicus), Kerai Payung (Filicium decipiens), Sengon buto (Enterolobium cyclocarpum), sedangkan spesies pohon yang mampu menyimpan karbon dalam jumlah banyak adalah Beringin (Ficus benjamina), Trembesi (Albizia saman), dan Bodhi (Ficus religiosa). Penelitian ini memberikan referensi ilmiah mengenai spesies-spesies pohon yang efektif dalam memberikan fungsi ekologis menggunakan I-Tree Eco pada empat taman kota di Malang., City parks play an important role in improving the quality of the urban environment, so it is necessary to evaluate the ecological function of trees in the city parks in Malang to find out how effective the use of city parks is in providing ecological functions. The objective of this study was to identify landscape characteristics, evaluate the ecological functions of trees such as carbon absorption and storage and oxygen generation, and recommend tree species that are effective in providing ecological function in the form of species tables and planting plants. The research is located in Malang City Park, which has tree vegetation and an area of >5000 m2, namely Alun-Alun Merdeka, Singha Merjosari Park, Trunojoyo Park, and Slamet Park. Data collection is done by direct measurement of 7 tree variables, namely (diameter at breast high, total tree height, base height, crown width, crown percent missing, crown health, percentage of crown exposed to light), space observation, secondary data search, as well as literature reference. In this study, I-Tree Eco was used to analyze the data. According to the research, the four Malang city parks are capable of absorbing 3,6593 tons of carbon/year, storing 312,6 tons of carbon, and producing 9,7605 tons of oxygen/year. The species of trees that can absorb carbon and produce high oxygen from the four city parks are Angsana (Pterocarpus indicus), Kerai payung (Filicium decipiens), Sengon Buto (Enterolobium cyclocarpum), while the species that can store carbon in large quantities are Beringin (Ficus benjamina), Trembesi (Albizia saman), and Bodhi (Ficus religiosa). This research provides scientific reference to tree species that are effective in providing
Keyword: Evaluation, Ecological Functions, City Parks, I-Tree Eco

Judul: Landscape Services Management of Biodiversity and Carbon Stock City Park in Jakarta
Abstrak: Perkembangan wilayah perkotaan, terutama di DKI Jakarta, memberikan dampak positif dan negatif pada kualitas lanskap. Peningkatan polusi udara merupakan salah satu bentuk dampak negatif pada kualitas lanskap. Perkotaan seringkali menjadi sumber polusi udara tinggi, terutama dari pusat industri. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk memahami peran Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH), khususnya taman kota, dalam memperbaiki kualitas lanskap. RTH memiliki fungsi ekologi untuk mereduksi polusi udara, memberikan kontribusi pada keberlanjutan kota. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis jasa lanskap berupa biodiversitas dan karbon tersimpan menggunakan i-Tree Eco dan menyusun rekomendasi pengelolaan berdasarkan analisis SWOT. Analisis jasa lanskap biodiversitas diklasifikan dengan indeks Shannon-Wiener, sementara analisis cadangan karbon juga diklasifikasikan berdasarkan kriteria jumlah karbon tersimpan. Berdasarkan analisis Indeks Shannon-Wiener, Indeks keanekaragaman pada Taman Suropati dengan nilai 1,30 termasuk kategori keberagaman sedang, Taman Menteng dengan nilai 3,21 termasuk kategori keberagaman tinggi dan Taman Puring dengan nilai 1,34 termasuk kategori keberagaman sedang. Berdasarkan hasil analisis i-Tree Eco karbon tersimpan pada Taman Suropati sebesar 114,11 (ton/ha) termasuk kategori karbon tersimpan tinggi, pada Taman Menteng sebesar 41,7 (ton/ha) termasuk kategori karbon tersimpan rendah dan untuk karbon tersimpan pada Taman Suropati sebesar 56,4 (ton/ha) termasuk kategori karbon tersimpan sedang. Pada hasil analisis SWOT menunjukan bahwa skor IFE dan EFE berada pada posisi kuadran I (Grow and build strategy) strategi ini berfokus pada pengelolaan dan pengembangan lanskap. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, diperoleh strategi-strategi pengelolaan yang dapat diterapkan pada Taman Suropati, Taman Menteng dan Taman Puring diantaranya, meningkatkan biodiversitas dan karbon tersimpan dengan penanaman dan penyulaman, memberikan edukasi kepada masyarakat terkait kesadaran akan pentingnya menjaga kebersihan taman kota dan melakukan pengawasan terhadap pemeliharan rutin fasilitas dan vegetasi yang ada di Taman Kota., The development of urban areas, especially in DKI Jakarta, has both positive and negative impacts on landscape quality. One of the negative impacts is the increase in air pollution. Urban areas often become sources of high air pollution, particularly from industrial centers. Therefore, it is important to understand the role of Green Open Spaces, especially city parks, in improving landscape quality. Green Open Spaces has an ecological function to reduce air pollution and contributes to urban sustainability. This study aims to analyze landscape services in terms of biodiversity and stock carbon using i-Tree Eco and to develop management recommendations based on SWOT analysis. The analysis of biodiversity landscape services is classified using the Shannon-Wiener index, while the analysis of carbon stock is classified based on the amount of stocked carbon. According to the Shannon-Wiener Index analysis, the biodiversity index in Suropati Park with a value of 1,30 is categorized as medium diversity, Menteng Park with a value of 3,21 is categorized as high diversity, and Puring Park with a value of 1,34 is categorized as medium diversity. Based on the I-Tree Eco analysis, the carbon stock in Suropati Park is 114,11 (tons/ha), categorized as high stock carbon, in Menteng Park it is 41,7 (tons/ha), categorized as low stock carbon, and in Puring Park it is 56,4 (tons/ha), categorized as medium stock carbon. The SWOT analysis results show that the IFE and EFE scores are in quadrant I (Grow and build strategy), focusing on
Keyword: I-Tree Eco, jasa lanskap, manajemen lanskap, ruang terbuka hijau, taman kota

Judul: Hamiltonian formulation for linear waves motion in two layers fluid
Abstrak: The surface wave could be considered as a wave that separates two fluids, namely water and air. Based on this assumption, it is introduced the interfacial wave, a wave between two layers of fluid with different density. The formulation of interfacial waves motion begins with deriving the base equation of irrotational ideal fluid. Furthermore, according to irrotational fluid assumption, the base equation can be stated in velocity potential. In this derivation, the fluids domain is assumed to be restricted by rigid lid boundary conditions, both at the upper and lower limit. Therefore, the interfacial waves motion can be explained in a hamiltonian formulation. In the hamiltonian formulation, total energy is defined as the sum of kinetic and potential energy. The hamiltonian system is obtained from reduction of kinetic energy by using the Dirichlet Neumann Operator. The resulted kinetic energy equation is nonlinear. Therefore, this form is linearized by first part of the Taylor expansion. This linearization gives a dispersion relation of linear wave. Based on this dispersion relation, the phase speed of the linear wave depends on the density ratio of the two layers fluid.
Keyword: