Judul: Phytic Acid Degradation In Jagaq (Setaria italica) Through Cultivation Using R. oligosporus and L. plantarum.
Abstrak: Belakangan ini kementrian pertanian Indonesia sedang menggalakkan program diversifikasi pangan. Salah satu jenis tanaman yang dapat medukung program diversifikasi pangan adalah tanaman jagaq. Tanaman jagaq adalah tanaman sejenis serealia yang mengandung karbohirat tinggi sebesar 70-80% yang berasal dari Kutai Barat, Kalimantan Timur sehingga berpotensi dijadikan tanaman pokok. Namun, seperti serealia lainnya, jagaq mengandung zat anti nutrisi yaitu asam fitat sehingga perlu dilakukan modifikasi pada tepung jagaq dengan metode kultivasi menggunakan kapang Rhizopus oligosporus dan Lactobacillus plantarum. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kandungan asam fitat pada jagaq, mengetahui pengaruh strain mikroorganisme terhadap aktivitas enzim fitase, mengetahui pengaruh variasi lama kultivasi terhadap penurunan kadar asam fitat, mengetahui perbandingan jenis mikroorganisme terhadap penurunan kadar asam fitat dan menentukan rancangan rinci bioreaktor berdasarkan kondisi proses. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemilihan strain mikroorganisme berpengaruh dalam penurunan kadar asam fitat. Lama kultivasi berpengaruh terhadap penurunan kadar asam fitat. Penurunan kadar asam fitat terendah didapatkan pada kapang R.oligosporus dengan perlakuan lama kultivasi 24 jam yaitu 25,15%. Penurunan kadar asam fitat tertinggi didapatkan pada bakteri L.plantarum dengan perlakuan lama kultivasi 48 jam yaitu sebanyak 42,56%. Pemilihan bioreaktor berdasarkan kondisi proses dan jenis mikroba yang digunakan, tipe reaktor yang dipilih reaktor alir tangki berpengaduk atau batch stirred tank reactor dengan pengaturan suhu menggunakan tipe jacket., Recently, Indonesia's ministry of agriculture is promoting a food diversification program. One type of crop that can support the food diversification program is the jagaq plant. Jagaq plant is a cereal-like plant that contains 70-80% high carbohirat which comes from West Kutai, East Kalimantan so that it has the potential to be used as a staple crop. However, like other cereals, jagaq contains anti-nutritional substances, namely phytic acid, so it is necessary to make modifications to jagaq flour by cultivation methods using Rhizopus oligosporus and Lactobacillus plantarum. The purpose of this study is to determine the content of phytic acid in jagaq, find out the influence of microorganism strains on phytase enzyme activity, find out the effect of variations in cultivation duration on reducing phytic acid levels, find out the comparison of microorganism types to decreased phytic acid levels and determine the detailed design of bioreactors based on process conditions. The results showed that the selection of microorganism strains had an effect in reducing phytic acid levels. The length of cultivation has an effect on reducing the level of phytic acid. The lowest decrease in phytic acid levels was obtained in R.oligosporus mold with a 24-hour cultivation duration treatment of 25.15%. The highest decrease in phytic acid levels was obtained in L.plantarum bacteria with a 48-hour cultivation duration treatment of 42.56%. The selection of bioreactors is based on the process conditions and the type of microbes used, the type of reactor chosen by the stirred tank reactor or batch stirred tank reactor with temperature regulation using the jacket type.
Keyword: cultivation, L. plantarum, R. oligosporus, phytic acid