Judul: The Office Channeling Policy, the Development of Islamic Banking, and SMEs Financing in Indonesia.
Abstrak: The Islamic banking has grown rapidly and showed relatively better performance than the conventional banking. The development is supported by the improvement of banking law No. 7 in 1992 into No. 10 in 1998 which allows two banking systems in Indonesia, and the issuance of Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 9/7/PBI/2007 about a policy to expand the Islamic services for conventional banks (office channeling). However, the rapid growth of Islamic banking is not adequate compared to the community needs of Islamic banking services (Rohaya 2008). This is a highly prospective opportunitysince the majority of Indonesian population is Muslim. Based on Indonesian Islamic banking statistics, it indicates that the share of assets, depositor funds (DPK) and financing in small and medium enterprises (PYD) of Islamic banking to commercial banks has increased, although the value is still relatively small. In 2012, the share of assets was ammounted to 4.85%, 4.84% for DPK and 6.71% for PYD. But it may be improved since the financial market opportunities in Indonesia are still great especially in real activity. Islamic banking may be a hope for the development of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) with the concept of profit and loss sharing. SMEs have an important and strategic role, the ability of SMEs need to be empowered and developed to reduce the constraints they experienced so they can be able to contribute more leverage (Sutaryo 2004). SMEs face greater growth obstacles and have less access to formal sources of finance (Beck & Demirguc-Kunt 2006). One of the effective measures to overcome the SMEs problems is by financing using its own community financial resources, and implementing the development approach which has the potential to sustainability. The government continues its efforts to increase the role of banking through legislation and policies, as well as to strengthen the role of SMEs in improving the financing access from bank. The existence of Islamic banking is getting stronger and may be hope for SMEs business development as well as becoming an alternative financing source for SMEs. The development of Islamic banking has experienced rapid growth. However, this research was done to find out whether the increasing development of Islamic banking give a positive response in the SMEs financing and other variables in line with the rising of Islamic banking portfolio; and to find out what variables that affect the growth of Islamic banking all along. The purpose of this study: 1). To describe the effect of the Islamic banking development variables, 2). To analyze the dynamic response to the shocks of Islamic banking development variables, 3). To describe the development of Islamic banking in the presence of the office channeling in financing the SMEs. The auto-regression vector (VAR) method was used in this study, and was solved using Eviews version 8 software. VAR analysis required the data to be used must have been stationary at the time of unprocessed (level). When the data used were not stationary at the level, the VAR analysis could still be used after the data was transformed to become stationary. Testing in VAR analysis included the data stationary test,
Keyword: Islamic banking, Small and medium enterprises (SMEs), Vector autoregression (VAR)