Judul: Evaluation Study on Stunting Reduction Policy and Program in Indonesia
Abstrak: The increase in stunting nutrition problems has negative implications for health status and even potential economic losses that impact development performance. The geographical environment of the archipelago was another challenge that required clear methods and mechanisms at every administrative and operational level. The difficulty of convergence and coordination across government sectors at various administrative and operational levels has resulted in poor development programs, including the food and nutrition sector. Stunting national and regional policies must be implemented and operationalized within an integrated institutional framework. With various stunting interventions that have been identified and implemented by the government, this study develops a framework that considers the categorical dimensions and social organization of the food and nutrition security system. The research focuses on stunting interventions at the meso and micro social organization levels and immediate and underlying determinants. This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of stunting policies and develop an institutional strategy model and a stunting responsive index. The stages of this research are divided into four sequences. The first stage is a qualitative evaluation study on targeting that is operationalized using the Korten Conformity Model to answer the question: Have the targets or beneficiaries of the program been appropriately defined? The second stage is an implementation effectiveness evaluation study that answers the main question, is the intervention successful? Furthermore, if successful, is the intervention feasible? The third stage is the institutional strategy modeling stage for the multi-criteria decision-making approach, namely the Analytic Network Process (ANP). The fourth stage is developing a stunting intervention evaluation model, namely the stunting responsive index. This study assesses the suitability of the three elements of implementing food and nutrition policies in stunting interventions at the research sites (Bangka and West Bangka), namely the program itself, implementing organizations, and program beneficiaries. The suitability of the program output in this study is based on the perceived benefits of the target group. Program implementing organizations, especially those in charge of nutrition-specific interventions, demonstrate the ability to carry out the required tasks. The stunting intervention policy or program at the research location certainly still requires continuous improvement, especially the resources of the implementing organization, namely implementing officers and financing. Evaluating the impact of food and nutrition programs, especially on beneficiaries, is crucial to saving resources and is also helpful in redefining the program to meet its following objectives. Program implementers need to be trained and motivated, and beneficiaries provide information about program benefits and mechanisms for accessing the program. Nutrition program intervention is a complex process that needs to be harmonized. Financing is one of the obstacles that occur in the research location that can create competition for regional apparatus organizations to obtain sources of financing. Multisectoral convergence is needed to avoid competition for resource allocation. The results of the cost-effectiveness analysis conducted in this study noted that the cost of stunting-sensitive interventions was higher than the costs of stunting-specific interventions in the two research districts. The characteristics of the effectiveness of the social environment-sensitive intervention program in the Bangka Regency are more cost-effective because the additional costs incurred per one
Keyword: evaluation, intervention, policy, SDGs, stunting