Judul: Kandungan Flavonoid dan Aktivitas Antioksidan 20 Genotipe Rimpang Temu Ireng pada Musim Tanam Kedua
Abstrak: Temu ireng (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.) merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman golongan temu-temuan (Zingiberaceae) yang mengandung metabolit sekunder seperti flavonoid. Rendahnya produksi temu ireng disebabkan karena belum tersedianya varietas unggul dari temu ireng. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan genotipe terbaik dari total flavonoid dan aktivitas antioksidan yang dilihat dari segi stabilitas dan daya adaptasi dari 20 genotipe temu ireng yang ditanam pada tiga lokasi yang berbeda yaitu di Bogor, Sukabumi dan Cianjur. Tahapan penelitian meliputi pengujian kadar flavonoid dan aktivitas antioksidan metode FRAP serta daya adaptasi genotipe temulawak pada penanaman multilokasi dengan metode AMMI (Additive Main Effect and Multiplicative Interaction). Produktivitas kadar total flavonoid tertinggi dihasilkan sebesar 1.8980 mg QUE/g bobot kering di lokasi Bogor dan genotipe G4 sebesar 1.6170 mg QUE/g bobot kering. Nilai aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi dihasilkan di lokasi Bogor sebesar 18.5959 µmol TE/g bobot kering, dan genotipe G1 sebesar 30.6045 µmol TE/g bobot kering. Keragaman genotipe berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar total flavonoid, akan tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata pada aktivitas antioksidan. Interaksi lokasi dan genotipe tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kedua parameter uji. Genotipe yang stabil pada ketiga lokasi (Bogor, Cianjur, Sukabumi) adalah G5, G7, G8, G9, G17, G18 untuk kadar flavonoid, serta G1, G3, G4, G5, G7, G8, G10, G18, dan G20 untuk aktivitas antioksidan. Kata kunci: temu ireng, genotipe, flavonoid, antioksidan, stabilitas, Temu ireng (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.) is a type of plant that belongs to the group of plants belonging to the curvature family (Zingiberaceae) which contains secondary metabolites such as flavonoids. The low production of temu ireng is due to the unavailability of superior varieties of temu ireng. This study aims to determine the best genotype of total flavonoid and antioxidant activity in terms of stability and adaptability of 20 genotypes of temu ireng grown in three different locations, namely in Bogor, Sukabumi and Cianjur. The research stages included testing the levels of flavonoids and antioxidant activity using the FRAP method as well as the adaptability of the temulawak genotype in multilocation planting using the AMMI method. The highest productivity of total flavonoid content was 1.8980 mg QUE/g dry weight at the Bogor location and the G4 genotype was 1.6170 mg QUE/g dry weight. The highest antioxidant activity value was obtained at the Bogor location of 18.5959 mol TE/g dry weight, and the G1 genotype was 30.6045 mol TE/g dry weight. Genotype diversity had a significant effect on total flavonoid levels, but had no significant effect on antioxidant activity. The interaction of location and genotype did not significantly affect the two test parameters. Stable genotypes at the three locations (Bogor, Cianjur, Sukabumi) were G5, G7, G8, G9, G17, G18 for flavonoid content, and G1, G3, G4, G5, G7, G8, G10, G18, and G20 for activity antioxidants. Keywords: Curcuma aeruginosa, genotype, flavonoids, antioxidant, stability
Keyword: temu ireng, genotipe, flavonoid, antioksidan, stabilitas