Judul: Pemanfaatan Zeolit dan Montmorillonit dalam Mengurangi Pencemaran Logam Berat
Abstrak: The current environmental conditions which have decreased in quality are caused by human activities that do not pay attention to environmental sustainability. One example of environmental damage due to human activities is the occurrence environmental pollution by the drainage containing heavy metals such as Hg is a serious problem in mining activities in Indonesia. This study aims to measure the absorption rate of zeolite and montmorillonite against Hg heavy metals, measure the rate of absorption of zeolite and montmorillonite in a solution of Hg-Thiourea complex, measure the rate of absorption of zeolite and montmorillonite against a solution of Hg-Thiourea complex and the last describes potential (cost and technology) utilization of zeolite and montmorillonite in absorbing heavy metals Hg. We examined the effect of coexisting thiourea on the adsorptive removal of Hg by zeolites and montmorillonite. To a 100 mL of 10 mg/L (0.05 mM) HgCl2 solution in the absence and presence of 0.5 mM thiourea, different amounts of zeolite (A4, P or mordenite) or montmorillonite was added, shaken for 24 h, centrifuged, and supernatant Hg2+ concentration was measured. In the absence of thiourea, the ratio of the negative charges in the adsorbents to the positive charges in Hg2+, Ads/Hg ratio, needed to attain >80% Hg2+ removal were >70 for mordenite, >1625 for P, >600 for A4, and montmorillonite showed no Hg2+ adsorption. In contrast, in the presence of thiourea, nearly 100% removal was attained at lower Ads/Hg ratios: the ratios were 1 for montmorillonite, <10 for P and <18 for A4; the presence of thiourea had little effect for mordenite. These results indicate that Hg2+-thiourea complex has extremely high adsorption affinity for negative charges of montmorillonite, A4 and P, and the complex can fully penetrate into the interlayer space of montmorillonite. However, with increasing the Ads/Hg ratio, the Hg2+ removal percentage for montmorillonite, A4 and P decreased. Therefore, for the effective removal of Hg2+ in the presence of thiourea, the choice of adsorbents and the dose of the adsorbents should be carefully determined. The last for Technology and economic aspect based on that simulation to adsorp heavy metal from water that alreadey contaminated we need 500g for zeolite A4, 1000g for montmorillonite and 1000g for zeolite P to adsorp zeolites and montmorillonit to adsorp Hg from 10,000L contaminated water with Hg concentration 10 ppm and then we will get 10,000L safe water. The price of zeolite and montmorillonite depends on their purity, and synthetic pure ones are very expensive. The lowest price natural samples are, Mordenite 30 yen/kg Montmorillonite (bentonite): 100 yen/kg. The sheet (nonwoven fabris in drug store): 100 yen for 40 sheets. Each sheet, 4g and surface area 1600 cm2. It means to adsorb Hg in 10,000 L contaminated water we need cost about 100 yen or Rp. 10,000 in indonesian exchange rate, Kondisi lingkungan saat ini yang sudah semakin menurun kualitasnya disebabkan oleh aktifitas manusia yang tidak memperhatikan kelestarian lingkungan. Salah satu contoh kerusakan lingkungan akibat aktifitas manusia adalah terjadinya pencemaran lingkungan pada air tanah ataupun drainase yang mengandung logam berat seperti Hg. Salah satu bentuk aktifitas manusia yang
Keyword: Mercury, Adsorption, Cation Exchange, Thiourea, Pollution, Zeolite, Absorption, Montmorillomite