Judul: Design and Construction of Ecofriendly Line Hauler for Collapsible Trap Using 5 GT Fishing Boat
Abstrak: The blue swimming crab (rajungan) fishing industry in the coastal area of Karawang has been employing a longline system to capture crabs using traditional crab traps. To expedite and simplify the process of hauling the crab traps onto the fishing boat, fishermen have been using a line hauler, even though without considering the substantial load it exerts on the equipment. Furthermore, the existing line hauler relies on fossil fuels for operation, which is not environmentally sustainable. It also generates carbon dioxides as well as noise pollution during operation. This research aims to design and construct an eco-friendly line hauler that does not rely on fossil fuels and operates with lower noise levels. The design and construction of the line hauler prototype were conducted in several stages. Initially, hydrodynamic force estimations were made for the crab trap assembly during the hauling process. Subsequently, a prototype was designed to suit the operational environment through appropriate design selection. This was followed by functional and performance testing in a real-world environment. The final stage involved assessing positive responses toward fishers and estimating the cost of operating the prototype. The research was carried out from June 2022 to September 2023. The research methodology involved design, construction, and technical function and performance testing. Primary data collection was conducted in the form of measurement results and observations from the initial stages to the functional and performance tests. The data was processed using software and mathematical calculations, presented in tabular form. Data analysis was conducted through quantitative and qualitative comparative analysis of the existing equipment and the prototype. The research findings demonstrate that the prototype of the line hauler surpasses the existing equipment. The prototype uses electric propulsion, making it more environmentally friendly by eliminating the use of fossil fuels and operating quietly below the threshold values especially in fishing area of fishermen. The prototype when subjected to functional testing, received positive responses from the fishers operating it, and also the operationl cost significantly reduced, reaching a cost reduction of 63%., Bubu rajungan yang dioperasikan dengan sistem longline, membutuhkan alat bantu penangkapan untuk memudahkan dan mempercepat waktu penarikan bubu rajungan ke atas kapal. Nelayan buburajungan di pesisir Karawang telah menggunakan alat bantu penarik tali utama namun belum mempertimbangkan besar beban yang ditanggung oleh alat bantu serta masih menggunakan mesin penggerak yang kurang ramah lingkungan Ramah lingkungan yang dimaksud adalah alat bantu eksisting masih menggunakan bahan bakar fosil yang menghasilkan gas buang CO₂ dan kebisingan saat operasional. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat alat penarik bubu rajungan yang lebih ramah lingkungan yaitu tidak menggunakan penggerak berbahan bakar fosil dengan tingkat kebisingan dibawah Nilai Ambang Batas (NAB) yang berlaku. Dalam merancang bangun alat penarik tali bubu rajungan prototipe yang dibuat dilakukan dengan beberapa tahapan. Tahap awal dimulai dengan melakukan perhitungan estimasi gaya hidrodinamika pada rangakain bubu rajungan saat proses penarikan (hauling). Selanjutnya tahap perancangan prototipe yang sesuai dengan lingkungan operasional melalui pemilihan desain yang sesuai. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pengujian fungsi dan kinerja pada lingkungan yang sebenarnya. Tahap akhir adalah menggali respon positif terhadap rancang bangun kepada nelayan dan menghitung estimasi biaya
Keyword: crab traps, Line hauler, Ecofriendly