Judul: Management Strategy of Sustainable Mangrove Ecosystem of Tarumajaya District, Bekasi Regency
Abstrak: Existence of mangroves in Tarumajaya District, Bekasi Regency is threatened by human activities such as land conversion to fish ponds, sand mining, and logging for firewood that has become less massive in recent years. This is quite large influenced by the socio-economic conditions of the community. If still allowed, the degradation rate of the mangrove ecosystem will threaten its existence and all the biota that live in it. The mangrove area in Tarumajaya District, Bekasi Regency still has a relatively unstable mangrove forest ecosystem and has experienced degradation due to unplanned and uncontrolled land use. This condition requires attention from related parties so that the sustainability and stability of the ecosystem can be maintained. The damage to an ecosystem can affect other ecosystems, therefore, mangrove ecosystems play an important role, especially in coastal and marine areas. Lack of information about the characteristics of mangrove ecosystems and the socio-economic characteristics of coastal communities is one of the obstacles for local governments to formulate appropriate sustainable mangrove management policies. This study aims to: (1) analyze the environmental (biophysical) condition of mangrove ecosystem in Tarumajaya District, (2) analyze the socio-economic conditions of community of Tarumajaya District, Bekasi Regency, (3) measure the sustainability status of mangrove ecosystem management in Tarumajaya District, Bekasi Regency, (4) formulate the alternative strategies and priority scales for mangrove ecosystem management in Tarumajaya District, Bekasi District. Research was conducted from December 2020 - to February 2021, located in Tarumajaya District, Bekasi Regency. The method used in this research is a survey method with purposive sampling. Primary data collection was obtained through direct field observation and structured interviews with questionnaires. Secondary data collection was obtained through surveys on related agencies and literature studies. Data analysis used in this research includes quantitative and descriptive analysis. Quantitative analysis provides vegetation analysis, land cover, multidimensional scaling (MDS) using RAPFISH, the direct value of mangrove ecosystems, socio-economic and cultural conditions of the community, community perceptions using Likert scale and mangrove management strategies through SWOT and QSPM. Results showed that the tides occur on average 2 times a day, salinity ranges from 23-25 ppt, water temperature ranges from 28-29.9⁰C, water pH ranges from 7.3 to 7.5, and the substrate is sandy mud and dark brown to dark black. Composition and structure of mangrove species found in the coastal area of Tarumajaya District consist of 7 species from 3 families, namely Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata, Avicennia alba, Avicennia marina, Avicennia officinalis, Sonneratia alba, Sonneratia caseolaris with a high category of evenness index (0.74-0.99), low category species diversity index (1.00-1.81). Land cover change at the 3 observation stations increased from 60.33 ha in 2016 to 83.99 ha in 2020, Tarumajaya District has a dense category of mangrove about 82.02 Ha, moderate 45.49 Ha, and rarely 294.67 Ha. The diversity of fish are good, amphibians are bad, reptiles are moderate, mammals are rather bad, and birds are very good. Quantification of the direct benefit value of the mangrove ecosystem in the coastal area of Tarumajaya District shows a total benefit value of IDR 2.077.584.000/year, obtained from fish catch IDR 643.840.000; Crab
Keyword: ekosistem mangrove, status keberlanjutan, strategi pengelolaan, mangrove ecosystem, sustainability status, management strategy