Judul: Flower Induction of Marigold ‘Sudamala  Barak’ (Tagetes patula) with Plant Growth Regulator
Abstrak: Tagetes patula merupakan tanaman multifungsi, terutama pada bagian bunganya. Salah satu varietas dalam negeri yang potensial dikembangkan adalah Sudamala Barak, namun varietas ini memiliki umur berbunga yang lama yaitu 13-15 minggu sejak ditanam. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh ZPT (zat pengatur tumbuh) BAP (benzyl amino purine), GA3 (gibberellin acid), dan PBZ (paclobutrazol) terhadap respon pembungaan tanaman marigold ‘Sudamala Barak’ serta mengetahui konsentrasi terbaiknya. Penelitian dilaksanakan di dalam rumah kaca Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo, IPB pada bulan September 2023 hingga Maret 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak dengan satu faktor yaitu jenis serta konsentrasi ZPT. Terdapat 10 taraf perlakuan yang terdiri dari kontrol (tanpa ZPT), BAP (50, 100, 150 ppm), GA3 (100, 200, 300 ppm), dan PBZ (50, 100, 150 ppm). Pengamatan meliputi karakter generatif dan vegetatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian ZPT berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah bunga, bobot total bunga, panjang tunas, panjang daun, dan panjang anak daun. Persentase tanaman berbunga tertinggi ditemukan pada perlakuan GA3 200 ppm (66,6%). Pengaruh ZPT terhadap karakter generatif menunjukkan GA3 200 ppm menghasilkan jumlah bunga dan bobot total bunga terbesar dibandingkan seluruh perlakuan lainnya. Hasil percobaan ini menunjukkan bahwa GA3 200 ppm berpotensi menginduksi pembungaan T. patula ‘Sudamala Barak’. Pada karakter vegetatif, pemberian BAP memberikan pengaruh yang netral kecuali pada BAP 150 ppm menghambat pemanjangan tunas, sementara GA3 mendorong pemanjangan tunas, dan PBZ menghambat pertumbuhan vegetatif., Tagetes patula is a multifunctional plant, especially in its flower parts. One potential domestic variety to be developed is Sudamala Barak, however this variety has a long juvenile period, which lasts for 13-15 weeks since planting. This study aimed to determine the effect of PGRs (plant growth regulation) BAP (benzyl amino purine), GA3 (gibberellic acid), and PBZ (paclobutrazol) on the flowering response of the marigold 'Sudamala Barak' and to determine the best concentrations. The research was conducted in the greenhouse of Leuwikopo Experimental Station, IPB University from September 2023 to March 2024. The experiment applied a completely randomized design with one factor, PGRs. There were 10 treatment levels consisting of control (without PGRs), BAP (50, 100, 150 ppm), GA3 (100, 200, 300 ppm), and PBZ (50, 100, 150 ppm). Observations included generative and vegetative characters. The results showed that the application of PGRs significantly affected the number of flowers, total flower weight, length of formed shoots, leaf length, and leaflet length. The highest percentage of plant flowering was found on GA3 200 ppm (66,6%). GA3 200 ppm treatment also produced the largest number of flowers and total flower weight compared to all other treatments. This experiment results imply that GA3 200 ppm has the potential inducer to induce flowering in T. patula ‘Sudamala Barak’. In the vegetative characteristics, the application of BAP had a neutral effect except at 150 ppm, where it inhibited shoot elongation, while GA3 promoted shoot elongation, and PBZ inhibited vegetative growth.
Keyword: benzyl amino purine, flower mechanism, gibberellic acid, paclobutrazol, production