Judul: Dimensional Stability and Magnetic Characterization of Sengon Wood Impregnated by Synthesized Magnetite Nanoparticles (Fe3O4)
Abstrak: Sengon merupakan salah satu jenis kayu cepat tumbuh, namun memiliki karakteristik yang inferior sehingga diperlukan modifikasi kayu untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan memperluas penggunaan kayu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh impregnasi nano magnetit hasil sintesis eksitu terhadap stabilitas dimensi dan kemagnetan kayu sengon magnetik dan mengkarakterisasi kayu sengon hasil impregnasi partikel nano magnetit (Fe3O4) dengan dispersan furfuryl alcohol (FA) dan air demineralisasi, serta menentukan perlakuan yang terbaik untuk meningkatkan kualitas kayu sengon. Sintesis nano magnetit diawali dengan pencampuran FeCl2 dan FeCl3 menggunakan prekursor NH4OH. Kemudian nano magnetit dicampurkan menggunakan dispersan menjadi larutan impregnasi dengan 8 perlakuan konsentrasi yaitu tanpa perlakuan, KM 7,5%, KM 10%, dan KM 12,5%, KFA, KMFA 7,5%, KMFA 10%, dan KMFA 12,5%. Proses impregnasi dilakukan dengan pemberian vakum 0,5 bar selama 30 menit dan tekan 1 bar selama 120 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap stabilitas dimensi kayu sengon hasil impregnasi. Keberadaan Fe yang terdeposit di dalam rongga dan dinding sel kayu terlihat pada analisis Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). Hasil analisis Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR), menunjukkan adanya gugus fungsi Fe-O (magnetit). Analisis X-ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD) memperlihatkan penurunan persentase derajat kristalinitas dan adanya puncak khas magnetit. Hasil analisis Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM) menyimpulkan bahwa kayu sengon magnetik memiliki sifat superparamagnetik dan digolongkan dalam jenis soft magnetic materials. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, FA lebih cocok digunakan sebagai dispersan dengan konsentrasi 10% sebagai hasil yang terbaik untuk memperoleh kayu sengon magnetik dengan stabilitas dimensi dan magnetik yang baik., Sengon is one of the fast-growing woods, however it has inferior characteristics, thus requiring wood modification to enhance its quality and expand its utilization. This research aims to analyze the effect ex-situ synthesized magnetite nanoparticles impregnation on the dimensional stability and magnetic properties of magnetic sengon wood and to characterize impregnated sengon wood with magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4) using furfuryl alcohol (FA) and demineralized water as dispersant. The research also aims to determine the best treatment for enhancing the quality of sengon wood. The synthesis of magnetite nanoparticles begins with the mixing of FeCl2 and FeCl3 using NH4OH as a precursor. The magnetite nanoparticles is then mixed with dispersants to create an impregnation solution with 8 treatments, consisting of untreated, KM 7.5%, KM 10%, dan KM 12.5%, KFA, KMFA 7.5%, KMFA 10%, and KMFA 12.5%. The impregnation process involves applying a vacuum of 0.5 bar for 30 minutes and a pressure of 1 bar for 120 minutes. The results showed impregnation treatment had a significant effect on dimensional stability of treated sengon wood. The presence of deposited Fe within the wood cell walls and cavities are observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) analysis. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR) analysis indicates the presence of Fe-O functional groups (magnetite). X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals a degree of crystallinity decrease and the presence of distinct magnetite peaks. Based on Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM) analysis, sengon magnetic wood has superparamagnetic properties and soft magnetic materials category. Based on the results, FA is more suitable as a dispersant at a 10% concentration as the best result for obtaining
Keyword: dimensional stability, dispersant, impregnation, magnetite nanoparticles, sengon