Judul: Humoral Spesific Immune Response of Layer Hy-Line Brown Breed against SARS-CoV-2 Synthesized Peptides
Abstrak: Coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh infeksi Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Coronavirus disease-19 pertama kali teridentifikasi di Indonesia pada 2 Maret 2020 dan ditetapkan oleh World Health Organization sebagai pandemik global sejak 11 Maret 2020. Salah satu metode mitigasi alternatif pengendalian penyakit infeksius ialah dengan memanfaatkan antibodi spesifik. Ayam layer dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pabrik biologis pembentukan antibodi spesifik berbagai penyakit infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari respons kekebalan spesifik humoral ayam layer terhadap peptida SARS-CoV-2. Tiga ekor ayam layer breed Hy-Line Brown usia 24 minggu diinjeksi peptida SARS-CoV-2 melalui rute intravena selama tiga hari, kemudian di-booster dengan peptida SARS-CoV-2 beradjuvan melalui rute subkutan sebanyak 4 kali dalam interval 2 minggu. Deteksi antibodi spesifik pada serum dan kuning telur dilakukan selama 21 minggu pasca-imunisasi pertama menggunakan Agar Gel Presipitation Test (AGPT) dan indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil negatif keberadaan antibodi spesifik terhadap peptida SARS-CoV-2 pada serum dan kuning telur selama periode pengamatan baik dengan AGPT maupun ELISA. Tidak terbentuknya antibodi spesifik peptida SARS-CoV-2 kemungkinan besar disebabkan peptida kurang memenuhi syarat imunogenik, yaitu bobot molekul di bawah 10 kDa, panjang peptida kurang dari 10 residu asam amino, dan dikategorikan sebagai hapten yang memerlukan carrier untuk memenuhi persyaratan sebagai antigen yang imunogenik., Coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Coronavirus disease-19 was first identified in Indonesia on March 2nd, 2020 and has been designated by World Health Organization as a global pandemic since March 11th, 2020. An alternative mitigation method for controlling infectious disease is utilizing specific antibodies. Layer chicken can be used as a biological factory to produce specific antibodies for various infectious disease. This research aims to study the humoral specific immune response of layers against SARS-CoV-2 peptides. Three layers Hy-Line Brown breed aged 24 weeks were injected with SARS-CoV-2 peptides via intravenous route for three days, then boosted with adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 peptides via subcutaneous route 4 times at intervals of 2 weeks. The presence of specific antibodies in serum and egg yolk was identified for 21 weeks after the first immunization using agar gel presipitation test (AGPT) and indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The result showed the absence of specific antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 peptide in serum and egg yolk during the observation period using both the AGPT and ELISA. The absence of specific SARS-CoV-2 peptide antibodies is most likely due to the peptide that does not meet the immunogenic requirements which is characterized by a molecular weight below 10 kDa, peptide length less than 10 amino acid residue, and categorized as a hapten that requires a carrier to meet requirements as an immunogenic antigen.
Keyword: antibody, COVID-19, layer chicken, SARS-CoV-2, synthesis peptide