Judul: Effectiveness of Bioherbicide Made from Teki (Cyperus rotundus L.) Granule Formulation for Weed Control in Tabela System Rice Fields
Abstrak: Masalah gulma dalam penanaman padi sistem tabela lebih berat daripada padi sistem tanam pindah (tapin). Kondisi tersebut mengharuskan adanya pengendalian gulma yang intensif pada lahan namun tidak menimbulkan kerusakan pada lingkungan. Bioherbisida menjadi salah satu solusi alternatif dalam pengendalian gulma yang ramah lingkungan pada padi sawah sistem tabela. Alelopati pada umbi teki (Cyperus rotundus L.) mampu menekan pertumbuhan gulma. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji pengaruh bioherbisida berbahan baku umbi teki pada gulma dalam pertanaman padi sawah sistem tabela. Terdapat tujuh perlakuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu bioherbisida formulasi granul berbahan baku umbi teki dengan dosis 22,5 kg/ha , 45 kg/ha, 67,5 kg/ha, dan 90 kg/ha tanpa penyiangan (kontrol), pengendalian manual, dan herbisida Tiobenkarb dosis 15 kg/ha. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji F pada taraf nyata α = 5% dan dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi bioherbisida umbi teki dosis 67,5 – 90 kg/ha secara efektif mampu menekan pertumbuhan gulma pada pertanaman padi sawah tabela hingga 6 MST. Aplikasi bioherbisida umbi teki dosis 22,5 – 90 kg/ha mampu menghambat pertumbuhan gulma dominan yakni gulma daun lebar Sphenoclea zeylanica dan Ludwigia octovalvis tanpa menimbulkan gejala keracunan pada tanaman padi. Berdasarkan keefektifannya dalam mengendalikan gulma dan pengaruhnya terhadap hasil panen padi, dosis terbaik adalah 90 kg/ha., The population of weeds in the paddy taba system was higher than in the shift cropping system. This condition states that there is intensive weed control on the land but does not cause damage to the environment. Bioherbicides are an alternative solution for environmentally friendly weed control in paddy fields. Allelopathy on nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) can suppress weed growth. This research was conducted to examine the effect of bioherbicides made from nutsedge tubers on weeds in the tabela system of lowland rice. There were seven treatments in this study including bioherbicide formulated granules made from nutsedge root with doses of 22.5 kg/ha, 45 kg/ha, 67.5 kg/ha, and 90 kg/ha, without weeding (control). , manual control, and Tiobenkarb herbicide dose of 15 kg/ha. Data analysis was carried out using the F test at a significant level of α = 5% and continued with the Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a level of 5%. The results showed that the application of nutsedge bioherbicide at a dose of 67.5 – 90 kg/ha was able to effectively suppress weed growth in table rice farming up to 6 WAP. The application of nutsedge bioherbicide at a dose of 22.5 – 90 kg/ha is able to inhibit the growth of dominant weeds, namely the broadleaf weed Sphenoclea zeylanica and Ludwigia octovalvis without causing symptoms of poisoning in rice plants. Based on its effectiveness in controlling weeds and its effect on rice yields, the best dose is 90 kg/ha.
Keyword: alelopati, dosis, herbisida nabati, Oryza sativa, toksisitas