Judul: The Economic Impact of Tourism During the Covid-19 Pandemic and the Potential for Development of Cipanten Situ, Majalengka Regency, West Java
Abstrak: Situ Cipanten merupakan objek wisata yang berada di Kabupaten Majalengka. Pandemi Covid-19 yang mewabah di Indonesia menyebabkan pemerintah menerapkan kebijakan PSBB. Kebijakan ini menyebabkan kawasan wisata Situ Cipanten pun ditutup sementara. Para pelaku wisata kehilangan sumber pendapatan karena penurunan pengunjung selama masa PSBB berlangsung. Situ Cipanten saat ini sudah beroperasi kembali namun diberlakukan pembatasan dalam beraktivitas wisatanya. Untuk meningkatkan daya tarik pengunjung, maka pengembangan objek wisata menjadi penting dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) Mengidentifikasi karakteristik wisatawan; (2) Mengestimasi dampak ekonomi yang ditimbulkan terhadap masyarakat sekitar; (3) Mengestimasi besaran nilai kesediaan membayar pengunjung terhadap pengembangan atraksi wisata. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif, multiplier effect dan DC-CVM dengan teknik Turnbull. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa wisatawan di Situ Cipanten didominasi oleh perempuan, usia muda (produktif), dan berpenghasilan di bawah UMR. Sifat kunjungan didominasi berkelompok, menggunakan motor pribadi dan berkunjung di hari weekend. Kawasan wisata Situ Cipanten memberikan dampak ekonomi yang besar bagi masyarakat sekitar, terlihat dari nilai keynesian income multiplier, ratio income multiplier tipe I dan tipe II yang bernilai lebih besar dari 1. Nilai rataan WTP responden pada wahana underwater sebesar Rp 25.400/orang sedangkan untuk fasilitas penginapan sebesar Rp 208.000/orang. Nilai tersebut menggambarkan kesediaan membayar pengunjung terhadap pengembangan wisata di Situ Cipanten., Situ Cipanten is a tourist attraction located in Majalengka Regency. The Covid-19 pandemic that is endemic in Indonesia has caused the government to implement the PSBB policy. This policy caused the Situ Cipanten tourist area to be temporarily closed. Tourism actors have lost their source of income due to the decline in visitors during the PSBB period. Situ Cipanten is currently operating again, but restrictions are imposed on its tourism activities. To increase the attractiveness of visitors, the development of tourist objects is important. The aims of this research are (1) to identify the characteristics of tourists; (2) Estimating the economic impact on the surrounding community; (3) Estimating the value of visitors' willingness to pay for the development of tourist attractions. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis, multiplier effect and DC-CVM with Turnbull technique. The results of this study indicate that tourists in Situ Cipanten are dominated by women, young (productive), and earning below the minimum wage. The nature of the visit is dominated by groups, using private motorbikes and visiting on weekends. The Situ Cipanten tourist area has a large economic impact on the surrounding community, as can be seen from the value of the keynesian income multiplier, the income multiplier ratio of type I and type II which is greater than 1. The average value of respondents' WTP on underwater rides is Rp. 25,400/person, while for facilities accommodation is Rp. 208.000/person. This value illustrates the willingness to pay visitors for tourism development in Situ Cipanten.
Keyword: turnbull method, multiplier effect, Covid-19 pandemic, willingness to pay