Judul: Strategi Pengelolaan Dampak Wisata Di Taman Wisata Alam Lembah Harau Sumatera Barat
Abstrak: Jumlah wisatawan Taman Wisata Alam (TWA) Lembah Harau tahun 2018 meningkat 37% dari tahun sebelumnya yaitu 358.827 wisatawan. Dengan demikian, akibatnya akan mempengaruhi TWA Lembah Harau dan sekitarnya secara ekologis, sosial, dan ekonomi. Strategi Pengelolaan Dampak Wisata di TWA Lembah Harau Sumatera Barat diperlukan untuk meminimalisir dampak negatif dan mempertahankan dampak positif yang ditimbulkan oleh kegiatan wisata. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merumuskan strategi pengelolaan dampak wisata di TWA Lembah Harau Sumatera Barat. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode survei yaitu observasi lapangan dan studi literatur yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan rumus Douglass 1975 untuk mengidentifikasi daya dukung masing-masing atraksi wisata dan kemudian menggunakan AHP (Analytiacal Hierarhy Process) untuk merumuskan strategi pengelolaan dampak wisata. Hasil analisis dampak pariwisata terhadap aspek ekonomi yaitu perubahan mata pencaharian dan pendapatan masyarakat; dampak aspek sosial yaitu pertambahan penduduk, perubahan perilaku dan budaya masyarakat; dan dampak aspek ekologi yaitu perubahan tata guna lahan masyarakat di sekitar TWA, timbulan sampah dan terganggunya habitat satwa liar. Hasil analisis daya dukung masing-masing atraksi wisata adalah (1) Rekreasi alam 85.056 orang/tahun, (2) Berperahu 7.802 orang/tahun, (3) Renang 12.217 orang/tahun, (4) Berkemah 25.460 orang/tahun, (5) Pendidikan dan Penelitian 99.744 orang/tahun, dan (6) Photo hunting 84.890 orang/tahun. Strategi pengelolaan dampak wisata di TWA Lembah Harau yaitu penguatan kolaborasi pemangku kepentingan (0,37), penguatan kelembagaan (0,36), dan penguatan regulasi wisata berkelanjutan (0,26)., The number of Harau Valley Natural Tourism Park tourists in 2018 increased by 37% from the previous year, which was 358,827 tourists. Thus, consequently it will affect the park and its surroundings ecologically, socially, and economically. Management Strategy of Tourism Impact in Harau Valley Natural Tourism Park, West Sumatera are needed to minimize the impact caused by tourism activities. The purpose of this study is to formulate the management strategy of tourism impact in Harau Valley Natural Tourism Park, West Sumatera. Data was collected using a survey method, namely field observations and literature studies which were then analyzed using the Douglass 1975 formula to identify carrying capacity for each tourist attraction and than using analytical hierarchy prosess for formulate management strategy of tourism impact. The results of the analysis of the impact of tourism on the economic aspect, namely changes in people's livelihoods and income; the impact of social aspects, namely in population increase, behavior and culture of the community channges; and the impact of ecological aspects, namely changes in community land use around tourism areas, waste arise and disturbance of animal habitats. The results of the analysis of the carrying capacity of each tourist attraction were (1) natural recreation 85,056 people/year, (2) Boating is 7,802 people/year, (3) Swimming is 12,217 people/year, (4) Camping is 25,460 people/year, (5) Education and Research is 99,744 people/year, and (6) Photo hunting is 84,890 people /year. Tourism impact management strategy, namely stakeholder collaboration strengthening (0,37), institutional (0,36) and regulation (0,26).
Keyword: management strategy, carrying capaciry, impact, Harau Valley, tourism