Judul: Design and Characteristic Analysis Of Photovoltaic-Thermal System
Abstrak: Peningkatan efisiensi pemanfaatan energi surya dapat dilakukan dengan penerapan sistem photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T) yang bisa menghasilkan energi listrik dan energi panas dalam satu sistem, tetapi penggunaannya dapat mempengaruhi kinerja dari panel surya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan perancangan tiga macam model sistem photovoltaic-thermal berdasarkan posisi aliran udara dan melakukan pengujian dan analisis karakteristik ketiga sistem photovoltaic-thermal yang dirancang tersebut. Tahapan penelitian terdiri atas perancangan, pabrikasi, uji kinerja, dan analisis karakteristik. Sistem PV/T yang telah dirancang berdasarkan posisi aliran udara pada panel surya yaitu Model I melalui permukaan bawah, Model II melalui permukaan atas dan bawah, dan Model III melalui permukaan atas. Hasil perbandingan kurva karakteristik panel surya menunjukkan bahwa kinerja sistem PV/T Model I lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan panel surya kondisi normal sedangkan kinerja sistem PV/T Model II dan Model III relatif sama dan kinerja kedua model tersebut lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan panel surya kondisi normal. Efisiensi termal dari yang tertinggi adalah sistem PV/T Model II sebesar 54,4%, sistem PV/T Model III sebesar 43,5%, dan sistem PV/T Model I sebesar 31,5%. Efisiensi listrik dari yang tertinggi adalah sistem PV/T Model I sebesar 14,2%, panel surya kondisi normal sebesar 12,3% serta sistem PV/T Model II dan Model III dengan besar efisiensi yang sama yaitu 11,4%. Secara keseluruhan penerapan sistem PV/T dapat meningkatkan efisiensi pemanfaatan energi surya., Increasing the efficiency of solar energy utilization can be done with application of photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T) system which can generate electrical energy and thermal energy in one system, but its use can affect the performance of solar panels. The objective of this research was to design three kinds of photovoltaic-thermal system models based on the position of the airflow and perform test and analyze the characteristics of the three designed photovoltaicthermal systems. Stages of research consist of design, manufacturing, performance test, and characteristic analysis. The PV/T system that has been designed based on the position of the airflow on the solar panel is Model I through the bottom surface, Model II through the top and bottom surfaces, and Model III through the top surface. The comparison of the characteristic curves of the solar panel shows that the performance of the PV/T system Model I is higher than the normal condition solar panel while the performance of the PV/T system Model II and Model III is relatively the same and the performance of the two models is lower than the normal condition solar panel. The thermal efficiency of the highest is the PV/T system Model II by 54.4%, the PV/T system Model III by 43.5%, and PV/T system Model I by 31.5%. The highest electrical efficiency of the highest is the PV/T system Model I by14.2%, the normal condition solar panel by 12.3%, and the PV/T system Model II and Model III with the same efficiency level by 11.4%. Overall, the application of the PV/T system can increase the efficiency of solar energy utilization.
Keyword: characteristics, photovoltaic-thermal, solar energy, solar panel