Judul: Analysis of the potential greenhouse gas (CO2 and CH4) in intensive shrimp ponds business and public perception in its management in Kabupaten Tulang Bawang, Lampung Province
Abstrak: Aquaculture activities including shrimp aquaculture gives rise to waste that can disrupt the stability of the environment. The high of shrimp feeds in Nitrogen (N) and the retention of shrimps often are less than 25% of the input (N Briggs and Funge 1994; Boyd and Tucker 1998; Burford et al. 2003). Nitrogen that is left in the pond, generally, leached into the surrounding waters, either periodically to reduce the stress of shrimp, or at the time of harvest. Excess N can cause eutrophication of waters. Eutrophication in the pond waters resulted chemical change in a water, blooming algae, increasing of turbidity, lack of Dissolved Oxygen, as well as changes in the food chain (Ryther and Dunstan 1971; Paerl 1988; Kennish, 1992; Nixon 1995; Smith et al. 1999). The decomposition of organic substances of microbe in the bottom waters resulted in the release of greenhouse gases such as CO2, CH4, and N2O, whereas N2O is an intermediate product of denitrification process. In addition, another problems faced by the aquaculture is the indirectly energy use in large quantities could result in the potential of greenhouse gases ( CO2 ). Research purposes 1 ) Analyze the magnitude of the potential greenhouse gas (CH4) of intensive shrimp ponds wastes 2) Analyze the magnitude of the potential greenhouse gas (CO2) on the use of energy on intensive shrimp ponds 3) Analyze the perception of people about global warming. Research is done at water-preaparation phase of intensive shrimp ponds ( 02.60 AW and 02.60.AK), and nearly-harvested phase of intensive shrimp ponds ( 02.55.AW and 02.55.AK ) owned by PT. Central Pertiwi Bahari, Kecamatan Dente Teladas, Kabupaten Tulang Bawang, Lampung Province in January 2011 - April 2011. The analysis of potential methane (CH4 ) was done in Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Lingkungan Pertanian, Jaken, Pati, Central Java. The results show that the potential greenhouse gas (CH4) from intensive shrimp ponds waste on SO 02.55. (nearly-harvested phase) was 0.45 – 1,08 mg/kg waste/year (FCR-1.3) and 0.42 - 1.00 mg/kg waste/year (FCR 1.4). Meanwhile, the potential greenhouse gas (CH4) from intensive shrimp ponds waste at SO.02.60 (waterpreparation phase) was 1.26 - 64,61 mg/kg waste/year (FCR 1.3) and 1.17 - 60.00 mg/kg waste/year (FCR 1.4). High methane production of shrimp ponds waste on SO. 02.60 (AW and AK) is affected by the pH values i.e. 6,61 - 7.06. The range of pH values greatly affects the methane-producing bacteria to produce methane gas. The potential of greenhouse gases (CO2) on the energy use at intensive shrimp ponds SO.02.55 (nearly-harvested phase) was 715,87 kg.CO2/day and on SO.02.60 ( waterpreparation phase) was 89,48 kg.CO2 /day. The energy use in the form of the pinwheel use gave an effect of the potential greenhouse gases ( CO2 ). From 39 respondents, as many as 58,97 % have heard a term of global warming. Meanwhile, 41,03 % never heard a term global warming. The level of education did not give a tangible affect against perception of the public about shrmp ponds waste management and global warming.
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