Judul: Mapping of Water Quality and Phytoplankton Distribution at Bomo and PT. Surya Windu Kartika Farms, Banyuwangi Jawa Timur Using Geographical Information System (GIS) to Support an Appropriate Management Model
Abstrak: Kualitas air dan fitoplankton merupakan parameter biologi yang dapat berpengaruh terhadap keseimbangan perairan, terutama pada aktivitas agromaritim di sekitarnya, salah satunya aktivitas tambak budidaya. Pemantauan keseimbangan perairan terkait distribusi plankton di perairan sangat diperlukan untuk membantu model teknologi yang tepat untuk pengelolaan dan keberlanjutan kegiatan tambak budidaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas perairan dan melakukan pemetaan kesuburan fitoplankton di perairan Bomo dan di tambak budidaya udang PT. Surya Windu Kartika. Data dikumpulkan melalui foto udara menggunakan drone dan pengambilan sampel in-situ. Sampel diambil dari sepanjang perairan pantai Bomo di sekitar PT. Surya Windu Kartika dengan tiga stasiun lokasi pengambilan sampel (di Perairan pantai Bomo, di tandon budidaya, dan tambak media budidaya). Masing-masing stasiun dilakukan pengulangan di 3 substasiun berjarak 500 m setiap stasiunnya secara horizontal. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survei dan dianalisis deskriptif maupun kuantitatif berdasarkan variabel-variabel penelitian. Data sebaran fitoplankton juga didukung dengan interpolasi keadaan klorofil a di perairan dengan menggunakan GIS (Geographical Information System). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan total nitrogen tertinggi yang tercatat berkisar antara 30,82 – 32,28 mg.L-1. Fosfat tertinggi berkisar antara 0,55 – 1,61 mg.L-1, yang melebihi baku mutu air laut untuk biota laut menurut Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup (Kepmen LH). Selain itu ditemukan adanya sebaran distribusi plankton yang cukup signifikan, di mana dominansi fitoplankton di kolam lebih tinggi dibandingkan di air laut dan tandon. Hal ini juga didukung dengan adanya data klorofil a, di mana klorofil a di kolam (A, B, dan C) lebih tinggi dibandingkan di air laut dan tandon., Water quality and phytoplankton are biological parameters that can affect the balance of waters along the Bomo shore and all agri-maritime activities around it, with aquaculture farming ponds as an example. Monitoring water balance related to plankton distribution in the waters is needed to help on sustaining aquaculture activities. The study was conducted along the shore and PT Surya Windu Kartika farms. The method that was used was a survey and quantitative and descriptive analysis based on research variables. Data was collected through aerial photography using drones and in-situ sampling. Samples were obtained from the shore with three sampling stations (at the Bomo shore, farming reservoirs, and the farming ponds). Repetitions were done at three substations horizontally. Phytoplankton distribution data was also supported with interpolation of chlorophyll-a state using GIS (Geographical Information System). It was found that the highest recorded total nitrogen value is around 30,82 – 32,28 mg.L-1. The highest phosphate value recorded was at an interval of 0,55 – 1,61 mg.L-1, which is above the standard of seawater for oceanic biota according to the Decree of the Minister of Environment (Kepmen LH). The research has also shown that there is a fairly significant distribution of phytoplankton, its dominance was higher in the farming ponds compared to the open sea and reservoirs. This was also supported by the chlorophyll data, where its value in the ponds (A, B, and C) is higher than the sea and reservoir values.
Keyword: Bomo, fitoplankton, klorofil a, perikanan, SIG