Judul: Fisheries Management Inland Water In Sebangau and Katingan Rivers Sebangau National Park Central Kalimantan
Abstrak: The Sebangau and Katingan Rivers which flow over ± 200 km and ± 650 km respectively. Parts of the river’s bodies constitute outer boundary of the Sebangau National Park (SNP) conservation area Central Kalimantan. Both of the rivers have abundant freshwater resources and exploited through capture fisheries activities. The fishing grounds are located in main and tributaries. The main area of Sebangau River is an open area while the tributaries area is a private area. The problem formulation in this study is that the management system in Sebangau and Katingan Rivers share different conditions. Private area in Sebangu tributaries with rights-based fisheries. Meanwhile, the entire area of Katingan River with open fisheries. The presence of fisheries management in both rivers is identified to decide if its presence should be maintained or otherwise. This research aims to identify the presence of inland fisheries management system in the Sebangau and Katingan Rivers by describing exogenous factors, actor participation, and interaction patterns. This research will give benefit to science and inland fisheries management system recommendations. This study was located at Sebangau and Katingan River, covering main and tributaries channel, where the research has been perfomed during October-December 2019. The methods consisted of descriptive with qualitative approach through both primary data (observation, interview, and documentation) and secondary data (the documented studies) collection. Analysis data was composed of content analysis (data reduction, data display, and verification) and analysis of management system based on Ostrom’s Institutional Analysis and Development framework (2014). The main informants of the study were 30 fishermen. The results of this study identified based on three exogenous factors, actor participation, and interaction patterns. The first exogenous factor is the river's biological condition, which has capture fishery resource of eight types of fish families per river. The Channidae family has the highest number of species in each river. The river’s physical condition is influenced by the forest’s peat swamp and produces black waters. However, the main Katingan River has cloudy brown color. The second exogenous factor is the community attribute including socio-economic condition of the fishermen. The social capital used is based on kinship and relationship patterns. Economic activities occurs from capture fishery which is influenced greatly by environmental conditions that’s why fishermen's income is exposed to uncertainty. The third exogenous factor is the adopted formal rules which is controlled by the Sebangau National Park Management Office and informally originated from the fishermen's agreement. Both rules are used to maintain fishing activities and the use of river resources. The existing regulations need to be completed to cover all capture fisheries activities. The actor participation were included fishermen, damang, field facilitators from SNP Management Office and WWF Central Kalimantan. The actors build the associative and dissociative interaction patterns by involving river resources. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the presence of inland fisheries management system in Sebangau River can maintain rights-based fisheries, by involving right-fishermen to maintain the river management with SNP Management Office. Katingan River can maintain open fisheries with support for environmental conservation activities and full control from SNP Management Office.
Keyword: Capture Fisheries, Katingan, National Park, Right-based Fisheries, Sebangau