Judul: The Effects of 2,4-D, BAP, NAA, and Organic Compounds on Seed Germination and Protocorm Development of Dendrobium stratiotes Rchb. f.
Abstrak: Dendrobium stratiotes merupakan anggrek yang memiliki bunga yang indah sehingga bernilai ekonomi tinggi. Penelitian bertujuan mempelajari perkecambahan benih dan perkembangan protokorm anggrek pada komposisi media perkecambahan dan pembesaran in vitro yang berbeda. Penelitian terdiri atas dua percobaan. Percobaan 1 menguji penambahan bahan organik dan zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT) dengan konsentrasi tertentu pada media untuk perkecambahan. Percobaan ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) satu faktor yaitu bahan tambahan dalam media ½MS dengan 5 taraf yaitu 1,4 g l-1 pepton, 15% air kelapa, 1,4 g l-1 pepton+15% air kelapa, 2,0 ppm BAP+0,1 ppm 2,4-D, dan 2,0 ppm BAP+0,1 ppm 2,4-D+15% air kelapa. Percobaan 2 adalah penambahan ZPT pada media perkembangan protokorm dengan konsentrasi tertentu. Percobaan ini menggunakan RAL satu faktor yaitu tambahan ZPT dalam media ½MS+pepton dengan 5 taraf yaitu kontrol (tanpa penambahan ZPT), 0,5 ppm BAP, 1,0 ppm BAP, 0,5 ppm BAP+0,1 NAA, dan 1,0 ppm BAP+0,1 NAA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata perkecambahan tertinggi dihasilkan pada kombinasi pepton dan air kelapa. Kecepatan perkecambahan benih tercepat pada penambahan pepton. Rerata kemunculan akar rambut tertinggi pada kontrol. Rerata pembentukan mata tunas tertinggi ada pada penambahan 0,5 ppm BAP+0,1 ppm NAA. Rerata protokorm yang membentuk kalus tertinggi pada penambahan 1,0 ppm BAP+0,1 NAA., Dendrobium stratiotes is an orchid that has high economic value because of its beautiful flowers. This research aimed to study the seed germination and protocorm development of the orchid in different in vitro germination and development media compositions. The research consisted of two experiments. In the first experiment, organic additives and plant growth regulators (PGRs) are added to the media for germination with certain concentrations. The experimental design in this step used a single factor completely randomized design (CRD) which is additional additives in ½ MS media with 5 levels of additives i.e. 1,4 g l-1 peptone, 15% coconut water, 1,4 g l-1 peptone + 15% coconut water, 2,0 ppm BAP + 0,1 ppm 2,4-D, and 2,0 ppm BAP + 0,1 ppm 2,4-D + 15% coconut water. The second experiment is the addition of PGRs to the media for protocorm development with certain concentrations. The experimental design in this step is using a single factor CRD which is the addition of PGRs in ½ MS + peptone media with 5 levels of PGRs i.e. control (without PGRs addition), 0,5 ppm BAP, 1,0 ppm BAP, 0,5 ppm BAP + 0,1 ppm NAA, and 1,0 ppm BAP + 0,1 ppm NAA. The results showed that the highest germination rate was produced in the medium containing the combination of peptone and coconut water. The fastest seed germination was in the medium with the addition of peptone. The highest average emergence of absorbing hair root of protocorm is in the control treatment. The highest average shoot bud formation was in the addition of 0,5 ppm BAP + 0,1 ppm NAA. The highest average of protocorm that formed callus was in the addition of 1,0 ppm BAP + 0,1 ppm NAA.
Keyword: absorbing hair root, auxin, callus, cytokinin, shoot