Judul: Interaksi Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) Betina dengan Individu Lain dan Hubungannya Profil Metabolit Glukokortikoid di Stasiun Penelitian Orangutan Tuanan, Kalimantan Tengah
Abstrak: Bornean Orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) is one of the endemic primates the status of endangered according to the IUCN and was listed on Appendix I of CITES. Population declined caused by destruction, habitat decreased, and illegal arrests. The research of orangutans had been conducted mainly in primary forest, but still slightly research on of social behavior in orangutans located in secondary forest. Stasiun Penelitian Orangutan Tuanan (SPOT) is the orangutans habitat were included in the category of secondary forest and having a degraded was quite high so that easier to fire during the dry season. Orangutans is a frugivore animals and highly sensitive to the changes of habitat conditions. Habitat destruction massively affects the changes of social behavior of orangutans. Reduced range area increase in the occasion encounter between individuals increasingly higher, whereas the orangutans are a semisolitary social system. Social behavior of orangutans is only visible when the parenting and social reproduction. The level of stress hormones in non-primate animals highly influenced by environmental factors such as climate, the presence of other individuals, reproductive status and social status. At the time of social relationships, there will be increase in reproductive interactions with other individuals. The female of orangutans very considerate of the individual status of the male, who became her partner. The differences of male bimaturism morphological making a competition increasingly higher between flanged adult males and unflanged to get a female reproductive. It will effects a female to feels threatened. The threats continuously, will effects of excessive stress. Stress is a physiological response of the body to adjust the environmental changes or threats. The detection method of stress hormone levels in this study was to used a non-invansif with feces collected each morning by homogenising all the layers of feces. Furthermore, another method used was the method of recording behavior that is focal animal sampling which is done by instantaneous every single individual within 5-10 days of the observation period. The recording of social reproduction data was by ad libitum sampling. The recording of female individuals reactions data comprises the number of long call and chance encounter. Data of chance encounters comprises an encounter intervals between individual a female reproductive and non-reproductive with female individuals are related, individual of flanged adult males, individual of unflanged adult males. In addition, female individuals encounter distance data in the pairwise relations (consortship) with individual adult males males unflanged. The intervals used were <2m, 2-10m and 10-50m and recording of the sexual copulation behavior. Behavioral data were correlated with levels of glucocorticoid hormones as indicators of stress hormones. v Based on observations it can be expressed that the difference of reproductive status and social status on the females individual affects the response female individuals towards the number of long call and distance encounter with another individual. The response of female reproductive nullipara and nonreproductive long call pairwise relations gives a respond to ignore Kondor (44.4%), Kerry (38.9%), Milo and Mindy (5.7%). Individual response of female reproductive nullipara and non-reproductive againts the number of long call in pairwise relations response to ignore Kondor (44.4%), Kerry
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