Judul: Development of Rapid Vigor Test Using Radicle Emergence Method on Long Bean (Vigna sinensis L.)
Abstrak: Pengembangan pengujian mutu benih khususnya uji vigor diperlukan agar evaluasi mutu benih yang didapat lebih cepat, tepat, praktis, dan sesuai dengan kondisi lapangan. Uji pemunculan radikula [(radicle emergence (RE)] merupakan salah satu metode uji vigor yang telah divalidasi ISTA pada benih jagung, oilseed rape dan lobak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan metode uji RE pada benih kacang panjang dengan menentukan waktu pengamatan pemunculan radikula yang tepat serta mengkorelasikan uji RE dengan uji tolok ukur mutu fisiologis lainnya dan daya tumbuh benih di lapangan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih dan Kebun Percobaan Cikabayan, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Institut Pertanian Bogor, pada bulan Juni sampai dengan Agustus 2020. Benih yang digunakan adalah sembilan lot benih kacang panjang varietas KP-01 dan KP-12 yang memiliki tingkat viabilitas dan tanggal panen yang berbeda-beda, didapatkan dari PT. BISI International Tbk. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan untuk pengujian RE adalah rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) faktor tunggal yaitu lot benih dengan pola pengamatan berulang pada jam ke-24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, dan 42 setelah pengecambahan. Pengujian mutu fisiologis dan daya tumbuh benih di lapangan juga menggunakan RKLT faktor tunggal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa uji RE pada benih kacang panjang setelah dikecambahkan pada suhu 25± 2 °C dan diamati pada 33 jam ± 15 menit setelah pengecambahan, terbukti berkorelasi negatif sangat kuat dengan rataan waktu berkecambah., Development of seed quality tests, especially vigor tests, is needed so that the evaluation of the seed quality obtained is a faster, more precise, and simple method, and correlated with field conditions. Radicle emergence (RE) is one of the vigor testing methods that has been validated by ISTA for maize, oilseed rape and radish seeds. This research aimed to develop the RE test method on long bean seeds by determining the observation time of the RE test and correlating it with other seed physiological quality tests and seedling emergence tests in the field. The research was conducted at Seed Science and Technology Laboratory and Cikabayan Experimental Station, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University from June to August 2020. The seeds used were nine lots of long bean seeds cv. KP-01 and KP-12 which had different levels of viability and harvesting ages, were obtained from PT. BISI International Tbk. The experimental design used for RE testing was a randomized completely block design (RCBD) using single-factor seed lots with repeated measurements at 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, and 42 hours after sowing. An RCBD with a single factor (seed lots) was also used to test the seed’s physiological quality and seedling emergence in the field. The results showed that the RE test on long bean seeds after sowing at 25 ± 2 °C and observed after 33 hours ± 15 minutes was closely negatively correlated with mean germination time
Keyword: mean germination time, seed lot, seed physiological quality