Judul: Aplikasi Surfaktan Sodium Lauril Eter Sulfat (SLES) dan Alkil Poliglikosida (APG) dalam Formulasi Sabun Cair
Abstrak: Surfactant is a surface active agent, which have application as clotting, wetting, and foaming agent, emulsifier, or adhesive mater component and already used widely on various industries. The world market demand for surfactant now is very large, especially for cleaning and washing. Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfates (SLES) is an anionic surfactant that most widely being used for foaming and cleaning product but they have high irritation value. Therefore, that should be covered by combining them with the other mildness secondary surfactant. Alkyl Polyglycosides (APG) is surfactant that synthesized from fatty alcohol of coconut oil or palm oil and sago or cassava starch and can be used to secondary surfactant. The usage of liquid soap is still popular. Therefore, application of surfactant SLES and APG in liquid soap has opportunity to be developed in order to produce the better formulation of liquid soap than the previously formulation, This research purposes are to find out the best formula of liquid soap that used surfactant SLES and APG according to characteristic of liquid soap and acceptances of the consumer. The research started with characterization of SLES and APG and then the main research was formulation of liquid soap that used surfactant SLES and APG. The experiment design in liquid soap formulation was completely random design with 2 factors and twice of repetition. The research treatments were SLES concentrations (25%, 30%, and 35%) and APG concentrations (3%, 5%, and7%). After that, the product are examined for their characteristics include the pH value, density, microorganism soiled, viscosity, surface tension, interface tension, foam stability, and the detergency. The consumer acceptances examination contained of acceptances to color, odor, viscosity, foam quantity, and the trace after using. SLES and APG could be applied each as primary and secondary surfactant in liquid soap formulations. The variation of SLES and APG concentrations gave significant effect to liquid soap characterizations. The color of liquid soap products was brown, transparent, looked like the colors of APG. These products had neutral pH value (about 6,63-7,2), and these values appropriated with the quality standard of SNI 1996 (6-8). The density values were about 1,039-1,095 g/ml, and these values appropriated with the quality standard of SNI 1996 (1,00-1,10 g/ml). The soiled microorganisms were about 0-4,3x103 coloni/g, these values were still under the quality standard limit of SNI 1996 (1x105 coloni/g). The viscosity values were about 42,5-12.200 cP, according to Spiess (1996), the best viscosity values of liquid foaming product are about 400-4000 cP. The research products were able to reduced the water surface tension about 46,39-50,04% while the commercial products were able to reduce the water surface tension about 54,93% and 54,44%. The water:xylen interface were reduced about 55,99-60,04% by liquid soap addition while the commercial product were able to reduce the water:xylen interface tension about 68,31% and 64,79%. The foam stability values were about 57,85-75,19% while the commercial products had foam stability about 84,62% and 85,71%. The detergency values were about 27,5-41,5 ftu turbidity while the commercial products had a detergency about 182 and 184 ftu turbidity. The consumer acceptance values for the color of product
Keyword: