Judul: Evaluation of Technology Process of Calophyllum Oil Application as Biofuel on
Abstrak: Sebagai biofuel, penggunaan minyak nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) belum dapat diterapkan secara operasional karena harganya yang tinggi dan karakteristiknya belum sesuai dengan standar BBM. Masalah ini dapat diatasi dan diminimalisir melalui penggunaan teknologi proses yang baik dan sesuai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi teknologi proses aplikasi minyak nyamplung sebagai biofuel dan memilih teknologi proses terbaik. Teknologi proses terbaik ditentukan menggunakan metode perbandingan kelebihan dan kekurangan. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan produksi minyak nyamplung diawali dengan persiapan bahan baku menggunakan teknologi dan proses ekstraksi yang digunakan, yaitu teknologi ekstraksi menggunakan pelarut biner (campuran n-heksan dan metanol). Tahapan proses terpilih untuk memproduksi pure plant oil (PPO) adalah persiapan bahan baku, ekstraksi minyak dengan pelarut biner serta pemurnian dengan degumming dan netralisasi. Tahapan proses terpilih untuk memproduksi biodiesel adalah persiapan bahan baku, ekstraksi minyak dengan pelarut biner, degumming, esterifikasi, transesterifikasi, dan purifikasi kering. Proses terpilih untuk memproduksi biogasoline adalah hydrocracking. Proses terpilih lebih efisien, efektif, menghasilkan rendemen dan kualitas produk yang tinggi serta kompatibel diterapkan dalam skala industri. Produksi minyak nyamplung sebanyak 1180 kg/hari dan resin sebanyak 360 kg/hari dengan harga pokok produksi senilai Rp 34 714.23/kg. Rasio nilai tambah minyak sebagai bahan baku biofuel sebesar 52.11% dan tingkat keuntungan sebesar 45.62%., As a biofuel, the use of Calophyllum oil hasn’t been able to be applied operationally because of its high price and its unaccordance characteristics with fuel oil standard. This problem can be overcome and minimized by using good and appropriate processing technology. This research aims to evaluate the processing technology of Calophyllum oil application as biofuel on industrial scale, and to select the best processing technology. The best processing technology was determined by using the advantages and disadvantages comparison method. The evaluation results showed that the production of Calophyllum oil was started by preparation of raw materials using technology and the oil extraction using binary solvent of n-hexane and methanol mixture. The selected processing steps to produce pure plant oil (PPO) were the preparation of raw materials, the oil extraction with binary solvent, and the oil purification by degumming and neutralization. The selected processing stages to produce biodiesel were raw material preparation, oil extraction with binary solvent, degumming, esterification, transesterification, and dry purification. The selected process to produce biogasoline was hydrocracking. The selected process was more efficient, effective, produced high yield and product quality, and were compatible to be applied on industrial scale. The production of Calophyllum oil was at 1180 kg/day and resin at 360 kg/day with the price of production cost of IDR 34 714.23/kg. The added value of oil as raw material for biofuel was 52.11% and the profit was at 45.62%.
Keyword: biofuel, technology evaluation, oil, added value, Calophyllum