Judul: Strategi Pengendalian Degradasi Hutan di Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Salak
Abstrak: Forest degradation can be defined as changes within the forest which negatively affect the structure or function of the stand or site, and thereby lower the capacity to supply products and/or services. The process involving the canopy quality decrease and forest structure in a long term. Therefore, to detect and manage the rate of degradation, satellite remote sensing provides the capabilities to monitor it time effectively. Forest degradation caused by interaction of many factors, hence driving factors analysis required to arrange the strategy of forest degradation management. The aim of this study is to analyze the forest degradation within the Halimun Salak National Park (TNGHS). The specific objectives of the study are 1) to detect the forest degradation level by canopy cover as the indicator, 2) to assess the forest degradation driving factors, and 3) to arrange the forest degradation management strategy in TNGHS. The forest canopy density (FCD) method was used to detect the degradation by percentage of canopy cover as the indicator. The canopy cover was devided in 4 cover density class, i.e non forest (0-10% canopy cover), low density forest (11-30%), moderate density (31-50%) and high density forest (51-100%). Decreasing among the forest density class hereinafter appointed as slightly degraded forest, severely degraded forest, and deforestation. The spatial analysis result showed that among 2003 – 2007 degraded forest cover a total area of 5005,71 Ha, while slightly degraded forest occupied for 2764,80 Ha, deforestation 1493,46 Ha and severely degraded forest is 747,45 Ha. Then, among 2003 – 2011, indicates that the area interpreted as deforestation had becoming less than before. This can be caused by vast cloud coverage in 2011 imagery, also rehabilitation and restoration in open area, so in time of data interpretation the visibility of vegetation cover identified as forest canopy cover. During 2003 – 2011 period, the result showed that slightly degraded forest occupied for 6197,13 Ha, severely degraded forest for 1200,15 Ha, and deforestation for 189,9 Ha. Stepwise regression was used to assess the driving factors affecting the total area of forest degradation. The observation unit is village (Desa) within the study site. Based on regression technique, the distance to the sub-district (Kecamatan) is the most important variable for forest degradation total area. The other significant factors are population growth, growth of build up area (non agriculture area), and percentage of amount agriculture household. Distance to the sub-district and growth of build up area show that there is space utilization, both inside the park or regency administrative area. While, population growth and amount of agriculture household are underlying process which drive the change of space utilization pattern and intensity, so that lead to allocation changing for every land use to support the region growth to fulfill the population need. Considering that TNGHS presence as both cross-section and interest stakeholders, then the regulation establishment is needed first in term the space utilization, due to its important role to control or manage the forest degradation driving factors. In arrangement of the strategy, degradation management focus was determined by the role and implementation of regulation and policy related
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