arulpm/triplet_large huggingface dataset:
Judul: Stand structure dynamic for forest yield regulation based on number of trees : case on a logged over area of a low and dry-land of tropical rain natural forest in Kalimantan
Abstrak: Differences in logging intensity, forest encroachment, and fires, caused the variability of natural forests condition, including their horizontal and vertical stand structures. Information on the variability of stand structure and dynamic of secondary forests is essential for projecting the future stand structure, which can be used to develop a forest management plan. The study, which used 101 permanent sample plots data established on a low and dry-land natural forest in Kalimantan, showed that there was an obvious variability of the stands condition after logging in terms of the number of trees ha-1 and horizontal stand structure. The variability of stand condition, time after logging, and environmental factors could result in variability of the components of stand structure dynamics (e.g., proportion of trees upgrowth and staying). This study aimed to develop models for estimating the dynamics of stand structure of logged-over natural forests, which used 75 permanent sample plots data of lowland and dryland of natural forests in Kalimantan. The proportions of trees upgrowth, staying (ai), and recruitment (bi) were obtained from 3-years growth data. Trees were classified into several 5-cm diameter classes and two species groups: dipterocarp and non-dipterocarp. This study tried to predict ai and bi by four methods. It showed that the proportion of trees upgrowth and staying of each species group could not be predicted satisfactory by three regression methods using the number of trees, stand basal area or time after logging and elevation that were used as independent variables in multiple linear regression models. The regression models produced overestimate and unrealistic projections of stand structures. In contrast, the projection of stand structures using the dynamics of stand structure’s components that were calculated using arithmetic mean was better performance than that of the three regression models. The simulation of stand structures also confirmed that the methods for calculating trees recruitment significantly affected the projected stand structures. The simulation of stand structure dynamics by using data from three sample plots showed that the different initial condition of stand (i.e. combination of trees number and stand structure) at the same harvesting intensity produced different cutting cycle as well. It was concluded that yield regulation of secondary forest should be determined specific to stand characteristics.
Keyword: permanent sample plot, stand structure projection, upgrowth, logged-over area, tropical natural forest, cutting cycle, logged-over natural forests, Forest Yield Regulation, low and dry-land, tropical rain natural forest, Kalimantan
Judul: Perilaku asam-asam organik meracun pada tanah gambut yang diberi garam na dan beberapa unsur mikro dalam kaitannya dengan hasil padi
Abstrak: Pengembangan lahan gambut khususnya untuk budidaya padi di satu sisi dapat menguntungkan dalam menekan kecepatan proses dekornposisi bahan gambut atau mengurangi kecepatan penurunan permukaan tanah. Namun di sisi lain dengan terciptanya kondisi anaerob maka akan terjadi akumulasi senyawa fitotoksik seperti asam-asam fenolat dan asam-asam karboksilat yang dapat meracuni tanaman padi.
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Judul: Tingkat Toleransi Kalus Lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) pada Level Media Asam yang Berbeda Pasca Iradiasi Sinar Gamma 50 Gy.
Abstrak: Lamtoro merupakan hijauan pakan yang dapat tumbuh pada dataran tinggi, dataran rendah dan tahan terhadap kekeringan. Lamtoro dapat tumbuh dengan baik diatas pH 5. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui tingkat toleransi optimal kalus tanaman lamtoro yang telah diradiasi sinar gamma 50 Gy terhadap cekaman media masam. Peubah yang diamati adalah pertumbuhan, bobot, warna, tektur kalus, penyusutan media, perubahan pH media, dan viabilitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 20 ulangan. Perlakuan dengan menambahkan larutan stok AlCl3 sebanyak 0 ppm, 100 ppm, 200 ppm, 300 ppm, 400 ppm, dan 500 ppm. Hasil analisis ragam terhadap parameter pertumbuhan kalus ,warna kalus, bobot kalus, penyusutan media, dan perubahan pH media berbeda nyata (P<0.05). Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah tingkat toleransi optimal kalus tanaman lamtoro pada pemberian aluminium sampai level 200 ppm.
Keyword: aluminium, cekaman asam, kalus, pertumbuhan, pH
Judul: Model Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dengan Input Sumber Daya Alam Terbarukan
Abstrak: Karya tulis ini membahas hubungan antara kemajuan teknologi, sumber daya alam terbarukan dan pertumbuhan ekonomi dalam model pertumbuhan ekonomi yang berlaku proses creative destruction. Kemudian, dari model tersebut dibahas masalah maksimisasi utilitas dengan kendala stok sumber daya alam dan kemajuan teknologi untuk menentukan alokasi tenaga kerja dan laju pertumbuhan pada kondisi steady state. Masalah maksimisasi utilitas diformulasikan dalam bentuk masalah kontrol optimum yang kemudian diselesaikan dengan menggunakan metode current-value Hamiltonian. Selanjutnya, pada saat laju pertumbuhan ekonomi positif, dianalisis pengaruh parameter yang ada dalam model yaitu efisiensi dari sektor R&D, tingkat keterbaruan dari sumber daya, tingkat diskon dan elastisitas utilitas marjinal terhadap alokasi tenaga kerja dan laju pertumbuhan pada kondisi steady state yang optimal. Dari analisis yang dilakukan diperoleh hasil berikut: peningkatan dari efisiensi dari sektor R&D dan tingkat keterbaruan dari sumber daya akan meningkatkan nilai alokasi tenaga kerja dan laju pertumbuhan pada kondisi steady state yang optimal. Sebaliknya, peningkatan dari tingkat diskon dan elastisitas utilitas marjinal akan mengakibatkan penurunan pada alokasi tenaga kerja dan laju pertumbuhan pada kondisi steady state yang optimal.
Keyword: Pertumbuhan ekonomi, Sumber daya alam terbarukan, Alokasi tenaga kerja, Laju pertumbuhan steady state
Judul: Side Effects of Isopropilamine Glyphosate Herbicide Used on Growth, Yield, and Residue of Maize
Abstrak: Maize is one of strategic cerealia in Indonesia. Increased of maize demand was a result of maize various function as feed, ingredient for food and drinks and raw material for alternative energy. A way to increase maize production is through amelioration of cultivation technique, for example by increasing production cost and labor efficiency through no tillage cultivation. No-tillage cultivation was identical with herbicide especially for weed control. The most common herbicide used is herbicide with Isopropilamine Glyphosate as active ingredient which is systemic, non-selective, pre-growth and broad spectrum control herbicide. Because of it’s non-seletive characteristic, IPA-Glyphosate herbicide use has potential to get into maize plant and affect its growth and yield. Also, absorption of IPA-Glyphosate has potential to form residue in the harvested yield. The objective of this research was to study the effect of IPA-Glyphosate herbicide on maize growth and yield. This experiments was conducted at Sindang Barang Farm IPB, Bogor from April to August 2013. The experiment used is a Randomized Block Design as experimental design with one factor, formulation of herbicide ith Isopropilamine Glyphosate as active ingredient. The experiment consisted of 5 treatments such as control, and herbicide with doses 3, 4, 5, and 6 l ha-1. Plot size was 4 m x 4 m, with plant spacing of 70 cm x 20 cm. Plots were treated on week before planting. Growth and yield of corn were influenced by herbicide treatments. Herbicide treatment at doses of 4 l ha-1 to produce seed growth, number of leaves, plant height, and leaf area the highest compared with other treatments. Similiar results also occur in the yield parameters of corn. Increased herbicide doses above 4 l ha-1 lower the better outcomes observed that variable growth and yield of corn. Based on glyphosate residue analysis indicated that each treatments contained residues of glyphosate. Herbicide treatment doses of 6 l ha-1 showed the highest residual value compared with other treatments. The Isopropilamine Glyphosate herbicide residue test result in this research were still under Maximum Limit of Residue.
Keyword: glyphosate residue, growth and yield of corn
Judul: Mechanical Vibration and Noise Measurement on Thermal Fogger Machine Type TS-35A (E)
Abstrak: The high utilizing of thermal fogger machine in agriculture is giving an impact for operator’s health and comfortness. This is because of mechanical vibration and noise level which produced by thermal fogger machine disturbing operator activity. Measuring of vibration and noise on thermal fogger machine was conducted by using vibrationmeter and sound level meter. The measurement results show that the operator was exposed 99.4 dB(A) noise and 4.03 m/s2vibration. A hand arm vibration nomogram was employed with vibration factor 3 hours for comfortable level and 8 hours for safety level, concurently with noise standard provided by National Ministry of Labor. The result derived from noise analysis shows that daily exsposure time of the machne utilization is 15 – 30 minutes as the noise factor shows significant effect on the machine operation. As the preventing action to decreasing noise level, it can using ear muff and ear plug. Beside that, by covering the machine using foam rubber.
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Judul: Aplikasi sistem informasi geografi untuk kajian kerentanan pantai utara Jakarta
Abstrak: Coastal zone is vulnerable to sea level rise due to global warming. Coastal area in the North Coast of Jakarta is also vulnerable to the impact that could affect the sustainability of coastal zone management. A study has been conducted on this area to identify the level of coastal vulnerability index spatially (5 coastal districts) and determine the coastal vulnerability index and the predicted value of vulnerability in the future. Components of vulnerability following the division of Polsky, namely: exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity. Analysis of components based on data directly observable dimensions of vulnerability and the parameter value is transformation of quantitative and qualitative into scoring value of the coastal vulnerability index. The study shows that Coastal Vulnerability Index in the five coastal districts is moderate, namely: Koja (13.15), Cilincing (11.73), Tanjung Priuk (10.00), Pademangan (9.86) and Penjaringan (9.78). Prediction the vulnerability dynamic the next 10 years, 3 districts will experiences a high vulnerability (Penjaringan, Pademangan, and Cilincing) and 2 districts will experiences a very high vulnerability (Tanjung Priuk, and Koja).
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Judul: Ekstraksi Fitur Bentuk dan Venasi Citra Daun dengan Pemodelan Fourier dan B-Spline
Abstrak: Leaf features extraction on plant leaf image is still be a problem on automatic plant leaf identification. Shape and venation of leaf are a significant part of leaf for distinguishing a species of leaf from each other. Shape feature extraction with Hough transform and Fourier descriptor were implemented and their effectiveness on leaf shape recognition were compared. Effectiveness of both shape recognition methods were evaluated by recall-precision measurement. Recall-precision evaluation showed that leaf shape represented by Fourier descriptors is more effective than represented by Hough transform. Plant leaf image vein extraction using b-spline representation was implemented. An automatic initialitation of vein search parameter using Standard I-Iough Transform was proposed.
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Judul: Aklimatisasi sapi PO dan sapi bali merespons perubahan cuaca di Kabupaten Merauke Papua
Abstrak: The objective of this study was to determine the physiological responses and acclimatization of Ongole Crossbred (OC) cattle (Bos indicus) and bali cattle (Bos javanicus) in response to weather changes in Merauke district. The experiment was carried out in Wasur Village II, Merauke district. Eighteen OC cattle and 12 bali cattle, age ranged between 2-5 years were used. In the morning the cattle were removed from the cage and placed in the ranch and in the evening were put back into the cage. Meteorological data were recorded in the experiment environment where cattles were located during 8 am until 4 pm, included dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, wind speed, and solar radiation. Relative humidity (RH) and Temperature Humidity Index (THI) were calculated. The physiological responses (rectal temperature, skin temerature, body temperature, respiration rate, and pulse rate) of OC and bali cattles were monitored every 21 days on April and May. Data were analyzed using the repeated measurement GLM procedure. Simple linear regression procedures was utilized to establish acclimatization ability from each breed of cattle. The different weather between west monsoon on April and east monsoon on May were showed that bali cattles were able to maintain the physiological responses during monsoon changed. Rectal temperature, skin temperature, and respiratory rate data indicated that bali cattles acclimatization with east monsoon (P>0,05), while Ongole Crossbred cattles that should acclimatization with weather changes (P <0,05). Bali cattle have the ability termoregulatory better than PO cattle.
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Judul: Kajian Pencahayaan Lanskap Jalan Lingkar Kebun Raya Bogor
Abstrak: Jalan Lingkar Kebun Raya adalah jalan yang penting di Kota Bogor. Jalan ini terus aktif selama 24 jam setiap harinya. Saat malam hari tingkat operasional jalan bergantung pada kondisi pencahayaan. Jalan dengan kondisi pencahayaan yang baik dapat beroperasi dengan optimal, sehingga kajian pencahayaan pada Jalan Lingkar Kebun Raya sangat penting. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan teknik survei, pemodelan 2D, dan simulasi 3D. Tahapan penelitian meliputi : persiapan penelitian, survei pendahuluan, pemodelan 2D dengan software AutoCAD, survei lanjutan, analisis dan hasil analisis, sintesis, kemudian pembuatan simulasi 3D dengan software 3D Studio Max.
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Judul: Studi Pengembangan Potensi Ekspor Sektor Industri Kecil di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Abstrak: Daerah istimevia Yogyakarta ( DI Yogyakarta) mempunyai struktur industri yang iihas, yaitu memiliki jumlah industri kecil/rumah tangga per jumlah penduduk yang relatif besar. Saat ini terdapat 66 644 unit usaha industri kecil yang menampung 144900 tenaga kerja. Secara prosentatif masing-masing merupakan 99,3 dan 93, 7 persen d a r i keseluruhan di sektor industri .
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Judul: Analisis Dampak Perubahan Tata Guna Lahan Terhadap Kuantitas Air Buangan Di Kecamatan Seririt, Kabupaten Buleleng, Bali
Abstrak: Kenaikan jumlah penduduk meningkatkan konsumsi pemakaian air bersih yang berdampak pada peningkatan jumlah air limbah yang terbuang ke sungai. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk meninjau penggunaan lahan secara berkala serta menentukan sistem penyaluran dan pengolahan air limbah yang tepat. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis perubahan tata guna lahan di Kecamatan Seririt dan mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap kuantitas air buangan. Tata guna lahan diidentifikasi dengan program ArcMap 10.1. Analisis menunjukkan penggunaan lahan permukiman dalam kurun waktu 10 tahun terakhir telah mengalami perkembangan wilayah seluas 0.82 km2. Kuantitas air buangan dihitung berdasarkan pada Kriteria Perencanaan Sektor Air Bersih yang diterbitkan oleh Ditjen Cipta Karya Kementerian PU tahun 1996. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu grey water sektor domestik tahun 2014 telah mengalami kenaikan sebesar 580.48 m3/hari atau 12.6% dari tahun 2005. Hal tersebut mempengaruhi kualitas air Sungai Saba yang mengalir di Seririt. Berdasarkan data sekunder, hasil pengukuran dan pengujian laboratorium tahun 2013, air Sungai Saba masuk ke dalam Kelas IV baku mutu dari PP 82 tahun 2001.
Keyword: ArcMap 10.1, Kecamatan Seririt, kuantitas air buangan, Sungai Saba, tata guna lahan
Judul: Optimasi Penggunaan Tepung Komposit Jagung dan Ubi Jalar dalam Pembuatan Kukis
Abstrak: Corn and sweet potato have been known as local resources in Indonesia. Composite flour consisted of corn and sweet potato flour could be used to replace wheat flour in cookies production. The aim of this research was to obtain optimum formula and process parameters in cookies production using composite flour. Wheat flour could be totally replaced by composite flour which were made from 77.54% of corn flour and 22.46% of sweet potato flour. Optimum baking parameters were 139°C for 18 minutes. The organoleptic score of the cookies was between 5.89 (like slightly) and 7.18 (like moderately). Proximate analysis showed that cookies contained 4.55% of water, 1.65% of ash, 5.97% of protein, 64.40% of carbohydrate (by difference), and 23.43% of fat.
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Judul: Pengaruh Penggunaan Ekstrak Sargassum spp terhadap Kesegaran Fillet Ikan Kembung (Rastrelliger sp)
Abstrak: Ikan mengandung berbagai senyawa yang diperlukan oleh tubuh yang terdiri dari protein, lemak, karbohidrat, vitamin dan garam-garam mineral sebagai sumber energi, membantu pertumbuhan tubuh dan mempertinggi daya tahan tubuh. Ikan merupakan salah satu bahan pangan yang mudah membusuk, oleh karena itu berbagai usaha dilakukan untuk memperpanjang daya awet antara lain dengan aditif makanan. Aditif makanan dapat berasal dari sumber alami dan bahan pengawet kimia. Zat antibakteri yang berasal dari alga laut marga Saryassum memililci prospek sebagai aditif makanan untuk pengawetan pangan, selain itu perlu juga diperhatikan faktor keamanan/lcesehatan terhadap Iconsumen. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendapatkan ekstrak dari ganggang laut yang mengandung substansi zat antibakteri dan mempelajari pengaruh penambahan ekstrak ganggang laut Sargassuln spp dalam pengawetan fillet ikan kembung (Rastrelliger sp) .
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Judul: KarakteIistik Isolat Protein Saga Pohon (Adenanthera pavollinn L.,) Tanpa Kulit
Abstrak: Saga pohon adalah tanaman yang termasuk ke dalam famili Legumillosa yang memiliki kandungan protein tinggi dan belum banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat. Hal ini disebabkan oleh masih miuimnya cara pengolahan biji saga. Selain itu, pengetahuan mengenai karakteIistik biji saga pohon juga masih sedikit. Penelitian ini beltujuan untuk menentukan karakteIistik isolat protein saga pohon (Adenanthera pavollina L.,) tanp a kulit. Penelitian diawali dengan pemisahan kulit daIi bijinya. Proses ini dilakukan dengan cara meretakkan biji, kemudian direndam dalam air selama ± 7 jam. Setelah biji mengembang, kulit dipisahkan dali bijinya dan dijemur sampai keIing. Biji yang telah keIing digiling kasar dengan gIinder. Penggilingan dengan gIinder tidak bisa sampai halns karena teljadi pelelehan lemak oleh panas yang dihasilkan gIinder. Sebagai altematif; dilakukan penumbukan biji yang telah keliug dengan lumpang.
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Judul: Model pendugaan volume bagian pohon menurut kelas diameter pangkal dan panjangnya di areal hph pt. kian lestari propinsi kalimantan timur
Abstrak: Pemanfaatan hasil hutan kayu hingga saat ini belum maksimum. Eksploitasi hutan baru ditujukan terhadap kayu dari jenis-jenis serta ukuran tertentu yang laku di pasaran luar maupun dalam negeri. Sedangkan sisanya dibiarkan di hutan sebagai limbah penebangan, baik berupa tunggak yang terlalu tinggi, cabang, ranting atau potongan batang kayu yang rusak/cacat. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah penentuan model persamaan yang berhubungan dengan masalah pendugaan volume kayu per pohon untuk jenis Shorea ovalis BL. yang dikelompokkan berdasarkan alokasi pemanfaatan atau penggunaannya, khususnya untuk bagian-bagian batang diatas cabang. Pengelompokkan volume dibedakan atas bagian-bagian batang bebas cabang dan bagian batang diatas bebas cabang. Bagian batang diatas bebas cabang, dibedakan lagi berdasarkan kelas panjang dan diameter pangkalnya. Pengelompokkan volume tersebut adalah sebagai berikut: = V1 Volume batang bebas cabang, V2 Volume batang diatas bebas cabang dengan diameter pangkal 10 29 cm dan sepanjang V3 = Volume batang diatas bebas cabang dengan diameter pangkal 30-49 cm dengan panjang lebih dari 1 m, V4 = Volume batang diatas bebas cabang dengan diameter pangkal lebih dari 50 cm dan panjang lebih dari 1 m, dan V5 = Volume bbatang diatas bebas cabang dengan diameter pangkal lebih dari 30 cm dan panjang kurang dari 1 m. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengukuran terhadap 30 pohon contoh (pohon rebah) di petak tebangan sebagai petak percobaan. Dimensi yang diukur adalah setinggi dada, tinggi total, tinggi bebas cabang, diameter tinggi tajuk, diameter pangkal dan ujung masing-masing seksi, baik pada batang bebas cabang maupun batang di atas bebas cabang (cabang, ranting) dengan diameter terkecil 10 cm. Pohon contoh dipilih secara acak purposive dengan setinggi dada (DBH) 50 cm atau lebih…dst
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Judul: Penampilan benih ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio L.) ras puten, taiwan dan hibridanya pada pedederan kedua
Abstrak: Percobaan bertujuan untuk membandingkan pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup benih ikan mas ras Punten, Taiwan dan kedua hibridanya. Dilakukan mulai tanggal 23 Agustus sampai 12 Oktober 1986, di Kolam Percobaan Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Perikanan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Darmaga, Bogor. Wadah yang digunakan adalah hapa berukuran 2,5 m X 2,0 m X 1,0 m sebanyak 12 buah, yang diletakkan pada sebuah kolam berukuran 19,0 m X 9,5 m X 1,0 m. Ikan uji yang digunakan berupa benih ikan mas hasil dari pendederan pertama, melalui pemijakan buatan (hipofisasi). Berat rata-ratanya ialah 2,8 gram per ekor. Perlakuannya ialah benih yang berasal dari perkawinan Induk ikan mas ras Punten jantan X Punten betina (PP), Taiwan jantan X Taiwan betina (TT), Punten jantan X Taiwan betina (PT) dan Taiwan jantan X Punten betina (TP). 2 Padat penebaran 10 ekor per m wadah. Keadaan 'heterosis' ('hybrid vigor') belum terlihat pada laju pertumbuhan harian individu, pertumbuhan panjang mutlak, bobot mutlak individu dan produksi pada ikan hibrida (PT dan TP) dalam fase pendederan kedua.
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Judul: Produktivitas Lebah Trigona spp. sebagai Penghasil Propolis pada Perkebunan Pala Monokultur dan Polikultur di Jawa Barat
Abstrak: One of the stingless bee, namely Trigona spp. is a good propolis producer but, until now the species is not cultivated yet. Propolis is made from resin collected by bee from plants and mixed with enzim from bee saliva. The best resin produced by plants that used as medicine. Nutmeg is original plant from Indonesia, and commonly used as medicine. The aim of this study was to analyze the productivity of Trigona bee as propolis producer which were cultivated at monoculture and policulture plantations. This study was carried on at the Experimental Plantation (Cicurug Monoculture Farm) and Community Plantation (Cijeruk Policulture Farm) and data collection were conducted for three months from March until May 2012. Methodology used in this study was direct observation on daily activity and measurement the colony weight of Trigona that was kept at two different farms. Propolis production was measured in the two agroecosyestems and analysed to measure the flavonoid content of propolis produced in each locality. The results showed that the weight of Trigona at monoculture farm was higher than those at the policulture (299 g : 170 g), but the weight of propolis at policulture farm was higher than monoculture farm (92,75 g : 65,57 g). The result of flavonoid content of propolis at monoculture farm is 0,186%, and 0,288% at policulture farm. The difference might be related to the activity of the stingless bee which were more active at the monoculture farm to develop their colony rather than their product (propolis). It shows that the activity of the stingless bee at monoculture was more active than those at the policulture farm.
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