Judul: Air Quality During Cattle Transport on Camara Nusantara Ship 3
Abstrak: Camara Nusantara 3 ship is a marine transportation mode that is currently being implemented for the delivery of live livestock to various regions. There is not much information about air quality standards during the process of transporting cattle by ship in Indonesia. This study aims to analyse and inform air quality during the process of transporting cattle, as well as strategies for improving air quality at Camaara Nusantara 3 ship. This research was conducted at Camara Nusantara 3 ship from Tenau Port, Kupang to Tanjung Priok Port, Jakarta. The length of the trip is five days. During the transportation process, observations made include the ship's environmental conditions, microclimate (ambient temperature, relative humidity, THI, and wind speed), and gases production (O2, CO2, CO, NH3, and CH4). Based on the observations made, Camara Nusantara 3 ship is a type of ship with Combine Deck Vessels (combination deck). There are two types of ventilation systems, namely the supply-exhaust ventilation system on deck A and the exhaust ventilation system on decks B and C. The microclimate conditions observed during the transportation process included: ambient temperature (30.48- 31.49 oC); relative humidity (73.13-75.24 %); THI values (82.63-84.08) including moderate and heavy stress categories, and wind speed of (0.2-0.8 ms-1). The level of gas concentration observed during transportation includes O2 gas (20.5-20.6 %); CO2 gas (475.7-497.4 ppm); CO gas (1.2-1.4 ppm); NH3 gas (2.9-3.3 ppm); and CH4 gas (1.5-4.9 ppm). The results showed that the air quality during the process of transporting cattle from Kupang to Jakarta at KM Camara Nusantara 3 was still below the threshold value. The strategy in terms of quality, including the rate of airflow in the cage, needs to be improved so that the gas distribution and air exchange process can take place properly., Kapal Camara Nusantara 3 merupakan moda transportasi laut yang saat ini diterapkan untuk pengiriman ternak hidup ke berbagai wilayah. Informasi mengenai standar kualitas udara selama proses pengangkutan sapi menggunakan kapal di Indonesia belum banyak dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan menginformasikan kualitas udara selama proses pengangkutan sapi, serta strategi peningkatan kualitas udara di KM Camaara Nusantara 3. Penelitian ini dilakukan di KM Camara Nusantara 3 dari Pelabuhan Tenau, Kupang menuju Pelabuhan Tanjung Priok, Jakarta. Lama perjalanan yang ditempuh selama lima hari. Selama proses pengangkutan berlangsung, pengamatan yang dilakukan antara lain kondisi lingkungan kapal, mikroklimat (suhu lingkungan, kelembaban relatif, THI, dan kecepatan angin), dan produksi gas (O2, CO2, CO, NH3, dan CH4). Berdasarkan pengamatan yang dilakukan, KM Camara Nusantara 3 merupakan jenis kapal dengan Combine Deck Vessels (geladak kombinasi). Tipe sistem ventiasi yang diterapkan ada dua, yakni supply-exhaust ventilation system pada geladak A dan exhaust ventilation system pada geladak B dan C. Kondisi mikroklimat yang diamati selama proses pengangkutan meliputi: suhu lingkungan sebesar (30.48-31.49 oC); kelembaban relatif sebesar (73.13-75.24 %); nilai THI sebesar (82,63-84,08) termasuk kategori stress sedang dan berat, dan kecepatan angin sebesar (0.2-0.8 ms-1). Tingkat konsentrasi gas yang diamati selama pengangkutan meliputi: gas O2 sebesar (20.5-20.6 %); gas CO2 sebesar (475.7– 497.4 ppm); gas CO sebesar (1.2–1.4 ppm); gas NH3 sebesar (2.9–3.3 ppm); dan gas CH4 sebesar (1.5-4.9
Keyword: air quality, bali cattle, Camara Nusantara Ship, livestock transport