Judul: The Characterization of Microbiome Through Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) Platform on Indo-Pasific Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops aduncus)
Abstrak: Mamalia laut merupakan memainkan peran penting dalam ekosistem laut, sebagai predator puncak, konsumen primer dan sekunder, serta sebagai indikator kesehatan ekosistem laut. Salah satu mamalia laut yang banyak ditemukan di Indonesia adalah lumba-lumba hidung botol Indo-Pasifik (Tursiops aduncus). Terlepas dari kepentingannya, terdapat beberapa hal yang menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan populasi lumba-lumba, salah satunya adalah infeksi penyakit yang disebabkan oleh mikroba patogen termasuk didalamnya virus, bakteri, dan jamur. Saat ini informasi mengenai mikrobioma pada mamalia laut khususnya lumba-lumba hidung botol Indo-Pasifik (T.aduncus) masih sangat terbatas, terutama informasi mengenai mikrobioma jamur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi profil mikrobima jamur pada lumba-lumba hidung botol Indo-Pasifik (T.aduncus) yang diambil pada saluran pencernaan lumba-lumba (lambung dan feses) dengan menggunakan platform Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Hasil penelitian menunjukan Filum Ascomycota (12.233%, 85.46%) dan Basidiomycota (1.584%,11.06%) memiliki kelimpahan tertinggi pada saluran pencernaan lumba-lumba, hanya sedikit ditemukan filum Mortierellomycota (0.309%, 2.16%) dan Mucoromycota (0.188%, 1.31%). Hasil analisis Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) metagenomik, ditemukan kelimpahan relatif mikrobioma jamur pada lambung dan feses lumba-lumba hidung botol Indo-Pasifik (T.aduncus) didominasi oleh genus Aspergillus, diikuti Alternaria dan Malassezia. Aspergillus dominan terdapat pada sampel lambung, sedangkan Alternaria dan Malassezia lebih dominan terdapat pada sampel feses., Marine mammals play an important role in marine ecosystems as apex predators, primary and secondary consumers, and as indicators of the health of marine ecosystems. One of Indonesia's most common marine mammals is the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus). Regardless of its importance, several things cause a decline in the dolphin population, such as infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microbes, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi. Currently, information about the microbiome of marine mammals, especially the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (T.aduncus) are still limited, especially information about the fungal microbiome. This study aimed to explore the profile of the fungal microbiome in the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (T.aduncus) taken from the digestive tract of dolphins (stomach and feces) using the Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) platform. The results showed that the phylum Ascomycota (12.233%, 85.46%) and Basidiomycota (1.584%, 11.06%) had the highest abundance in the digestive tract of dolphins. Only a few were found phylum Mortierellomycota (0.309%, 2.16%) and Mucoromycota (0.188%, 1.31). %). The metagenomic Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) analysis found the relative abundance of the fungal microbiome in the stomach and feces of the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (T.aduncus) was dominated by the genus Aspergillus, followed by Alternaria and Malassezia. Aspergillus was dominant in gastric samples, while Alternaria and Malassezia were dominant in stool samples.
Keyword: Marine Mammals, Microbiome, Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), Tursiops aduncus