Judul: Inaktivasi Biofilm Bacillus cereus pada Permukaan Stainless  Steel dengan Berbagai Jenis Sanitizer
Abstrak: Bacillus cereus is a Gram-positive bacteria, rod-shaped, spore forming and one of the primary foodborne bacterial pathogens. This bacteria can produce toxin, namely cereulide and enterotoxins which cause emetic and diarrheal symptoms, respectively. B. cereus has been reported to form biofilms on food contact surfaces such as Stainless Steel (SS), hence biofilm can contribute to the cross contamination and outbreaks. In food industry, the formation of biofilm in pipe can reduce the flow rate of liquid, heat transmission efficiency, and cause pipe corrosion due to acid production from the bacterial consortium in the biofilm. Cleaning and sanitation processes are needed to reduce the possibility of biofilm. This study is aimed to determine the effect of sodium hypochlorite, quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), and iodophors on biofilm of local isolates of B. cereus. The three local isolates of B. cereus from rice (WM-1SJ isolate), white pepper (NH1BO1 isolate), dan pasteurized milk (LH-10KP1 isolate) were incubated for forming biofilm on SS surfaces at 24 hours, 72 hours, and 120 hours. The biofilm of B. cereus from white pepper isolate at 72 hours were exposed to 50 ppm, 100 ppm, and 200 ppm sodium hypochlorite; 50 ppm, 100 ppm, and 200 ppm quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs); and 6.25 ppm, 12.5 ppm, and 25 ppm iodophors for 3 minutes, 5 minutes, and 10 minutes. Statistically, 25 ppm iodophors for 10 minute was the best. The highest reduction log is 3.4 log CFU/cm2, this occurs when the biofilm of B. cereus were inactivated using 25 ppm iodophor for 10 minutes or 200 ppm sodium hypochlorite for 10 minutes. The combination of two of them can be recommended to use in food industry as sanitizer for B. cereus biofilm inactivation., Bacillus cereus adalah bakteri Gram-positif, berbentuk batang, membentuk spora dan salah satu bakteri patogen bawaan pangan utama di Indonesia. Bakteri ini dapat menghasilkan toksin cereulide dan enterotoksin yang berturut-turut dapat menyebabkan gejala muntah dan diare. B. cereus telah dilaporkan membentuk biofilm yang pada permukaan kontak pangan seperti stainless steel (SS), sehingga dapat berkontribusi terhadap kontaminasi silang dan kejadian luar biasa penyakit bawaan pangan. Dalam industri pangan, pembentukan biofilm dalam pipa dapat menurunkan laju aliran cairan, efisiensi transmisi panas, dan menyebabkan korosi pipa akibat produksi asam dari konsorsium bakteri dalam biofilm. Proses pembersihan dan sanitasi diperlukan untuk mengurangi kemungkinan terjadinya kontaminasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh natrium hipoklorit, senyawa ammonium kuaterner (quats), dan iodoform terhadap biofilm isolat lokal B. cereus pada permukaan SS. Tiga isolat lokal B. cereus dari nasi (isolat WM-1SJ), lada putih (isolat NH1BO1), dan susu (isolat LH10KP1) masing-masing diinkubasi untuk membentuk biofilm pada permukaan SS selama 24 jam, 72 jam, dan 120 jam. Biofilm B. cereus NH1BO1 dari isolat lada putih pada 72 jam dipaparkan pada 200 ppm, 100 ppm dan 50 ppm natrium hipoklorit; 200 ppm, 100 ppm, dan 50 ppm quats; dan 25 ppm, 12.5 ppm, dan 6.25 ppm iodoform selama 3 menit, 5 menit, dan 10 menit. Secara statistik, , iodoform 25 ppm selama 10 menit adalah yang terbaik. Reduksi log tertinggi adalah 3,4 log CFU/cm2, hal ini terjadi pada saat biofilm B.
Keyword: Biofilm, Chlorine, Concentration, Inactivation, Iodophor, Quaternary  Ammonium