Judul: Analysis of Weather during the Pregnancy Period and Its Effect on Children's Cognitive Abilities
Abstrak: Beberapa penelitian di wilayah subtropis menunjukkan hubungan faktor cuaca dengan kecerdasan. Kelompok etnis pada iklim yang lebih dingin mendapatkan skor tes kecerdasan lebih tinggi daripada kelompok etnis pada iklim yang lebih hangat. Perbedaan karakteristik wilayah tropis dan subtropis menjadi alasan perlu dilakukannya penelitian untuk mengetahui korelasi antara cuaca dengan kecerdasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh cuaca selama periode kehamilan ibu terhadap kemampuan kognitif anak di wilayah dengan karakteristik iklim yang berbeda. Penelitian dilakukan dengan observasi langsung untuk mengetahui Indeks Kemampuan Kognitif (IKK) anak dan wawancara terhadap orang tua untuk mengetaui karakteristik keluarga. Wilayah yang menjadi fokus kajian pada penelitian ini adalah Kecamatan Rumpin Bogor, Kecamatan Takokak Cianjur dan Kecamatan Pamanukan Subang. Analisis korelasi digunakan untuk mencari hubungan antara cuaca selama periode kehamilan dengan kemampuan kognitif anak. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, cuaca selama periode kehamilan menunjukkan pengaruh pada IKK anak, meskipun tidak konsisten pada skala temporal maupun spasial. Diperoleh hasil dari Pamanukan Subang dan Takokak Cianjur, bahwa stres panas dan stres dingin dari kombinasi kondisi suhu dan kelembaban udara saat kehamilan menyebabkan IKK anak cenderung rendah. Pemilihan lokasi dan waktu pengambilan sampel belum dapat menekan pengaruh faktor sosial ekonomi keluarga sehingga cuaca berkorelasi lebih rendah daripada faktor karakteristik sosial ekonomi keluarga. Faktor karakteristik keluarga yang berkorelasi paling tinggi terhadap skor IKK anak adalah tingkat pendidikan ibu., Several studies in subtropical regions show a relationship between weather factors and intelligence. Ethnic groups in colder climates score higher on intelligence tests than ethnic groups in warmer climates. The different characteristics of tropical and subtropical regions is the reason for research to determine the correlation between weather and intelligence. This study aims to identify the effect of weather during the mother's pregnancy period on children's cognitive abilities in areas with different climatic characteristics. The research was conducted by direct observation to determine children's cognitive abilities and interviews with children's parents to determine family characteristics. The areas that were the focus of the study were Pamanukan Subang, Rumpin Bogor and Takokak Cianjur. Correlation analysis is used to find the relationship between weather during pregnancy and children's cognitive abilities. Based on the results of the study, the weather during the pregnacy period showed an influence on the children's cognitive abilities (IKK), although it was not consistent on a temporal or spatial scale. The results obtained from Pamanukan Subang and Takokak Cianjur, that heat stress and cold stress from the combination of temperature and humidity conditions during pregnancy cause children’s IKK to tend to be low. The choice of location and time of sampling has not been able to ignore the influence of family socio-economic factors so that the weather has a lower correlation than the family socio-economic factors. The family aocio-economic factors that has the highest correlation with the children's IKK score is the mother's education level.
Keyword: children’s cognitive ability, family characteristic, heat stress index, pregnancy, weather