Judul: Variasi Kandungan Nutrien dalam Pakan dan Prediksi Kecukupannya pada Ransum Sapi Perah di Indonesia
Abstrak: Feed is the greatest cost component in dairy production. Availability and quality of feed dictate the productivity of the animal. This study was done to evaluate the nutrient content of dairy feed variation in Indonesia. Nutrition content of feed samples analized according to the proximate analisis conducted from 2008-2011 in Feed Quality Control Agency, Directorate General of Livestock Services, Ministry of Agriculture were used in this study. Data were evaluated according to descriptive analyis. The result showed that nutrient content of dairy feed had high variability. Nutrient content of some feed was higher or lower than that of Indonesia National Standard. Proportion of concentrate which their nutrients content were not in the range of SNI, were 81.63 %, 92.20% and 67.65% for ash, Ca and P respectively. It was suggested, that the policy in animal feed were important to establish inorder to inforce the available regulation in feed to minimize the potential loss experienced by the farmers
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Judul: Analysis of Mineral Content in Dairy Cattle Feed in Smallholder Farms as a Basis for DCAD Calculation and NIRS Database Development
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan database mineral dan Dietary Cation Anion Difference (DCAD) pakan lokal sapi perah dengan pendeteksi secara cepat menggunakan NIRS untuk mengatasi permasalahan hipokalsemia. Sampel hijauan dan konsentrat sebanyak 232 sampel dari wilayah Jawa Barat dikumpulkan dan dianalisis untuk mengetahui kandungan mineral Na, K, Ca, dan Mg dengan AAS, mineral P dan S dengan spektrofotometer, dan Cl dengan titrasi. Data kandungan mineral pakan digunakan untuk menghitung nilai DCAD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat variasi kandungan mineral yang menghasilkan nilai DCAD yang berbeda-beda. Secara umum, keseluruhan peubah memiliki nilai R2>0,5 dan nilai RPD>1. Berdasarkan hasil Uji-T pada hijauan dan konsentrat menunjukkan prediksi NIRS tidak berbeda nyata terhadap hasil WCA (P>0,05) pada keseluruhan peubah yang dianalisis. Hal tersebut mengindikasikan database yang telah dikembangkan dapat mendeteksi kandungan mineral pakan lokal secara cepat menggunakan NIRS. Pengukuran nilai DCAD pada kelompok hijauan dapat diaplikasikan menggunakan perhitungan DCAD 1, 3, dan 4. Sedangkan untuk kelompok konsentrat menggunakan perhitungan DCAD 2., This research aimed to develop a mineral and DCAD database for local dairy cow feed using NIRS for faster hypocalcemia detection. A total of 232 forage and concentrate samples from West Java were collected and analyzed to determine the contents of Na, K, Ca, and Mg (AAS), P and S (spectrophotometer), and Cl (titration). The mineral content data of the feedstuffs were used to calculate the DCAD values. The Results showed variations in mineral content affecting DCAD values. All variables had R2>0,5 and RPD>1. NIRS prediction on both forage and concentrate (T-test) did not significantly differ from WCA results (P>0,05). This suggests the database enables rapid mineral detection in local feed using NIRS. DCAD calculations 1, 3, and 4 are applicable for forage, while calculation 2 is for concentrates.
Keyword: NIRS, DCAD, Hijauan, Kandungan mineral, Konsentrat

Judul: : Persamaan Tunggal sebagai Representasi Kurva Komposit
Abstrak: A mathematical method is introduced to represent a composite curve based on an extension of analytic geometry. The representation is given either with a single equation or with two equations, in the case of parametric representation. This method permits the representation of composite curves in similar manner to the conventional representation of non-composite curves. Some mathematical tools, including Heaviside unit step function and periodizer function, are used in the establishment of a single equation. In this paper, regular equations of regular and irregular polygon, as well as composite curves of two dimensions, are implemented using a computer algebraic system, Mathematica.
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