Judul: Identification and Sensitivity Test of Salmonella sp. Bacteria in Horses (Equus caballus) to Several Antibiotics.
Abstrak: Kuda memainkan peran yang semakin penting dalam kehidupan manusia. Sistem pencernaan kuda mengandung berbagai jenis bakteri, seperti Salmonella sp. , dan dianggap sebagai salah satu penyebab utama penyakit zoonosis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi bakteri Salmonella sp. dalam tinja kuda, serta menguji sensitivitas bakteri Salmonella sp. terhadap beberapa antibiotik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan terdiri dari koleksi 20 sampel, isolasi dan identifikasi bakteri, serta pengujian sensitivitas bakteri terhadap antibiotik menggunakan metode difusi cakram atau metode Kirby Bauer. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa 9 isolat Salmonella sp. ditemukan dari 20 sampel tinja kuda. Hasil uji sensitivitas bakteri Salmonella terhadap antibiotik yang digunakan menunjukkan bahwa 89% isolat sensitif terhadap gentamisin dan kloramfenikol, 55% terhadap asam nalidiksik, 44% terhadap amoksisilin dan oksitetrasiklin. Hasil intermediat ditemukan untuk beberapa jenis antibiotik seperti amoksisilin (22%), oksitetrasiklin (11%), asam nalidiksik (22%), dan kloramfenikol (11%), sedangkan Salmonella menunjukkan resistansi 100% terhadap sefotaksim. Penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa Salmonella sp. yang terdeteksi dalam tinja kuda menunjukkan resistansi terhadap sefotaksim namun masih sensitif terhadap amoksisilin, gentamisin, asam nalidiksik, oksitetrasiklin, dan kloramfenikol., Horses play an increasingly important role in human life. The digestive system of horses contains various types of bacteria, such as Salmonella sp. and is considered one of the main causes of zoonotic diseases. The aim of this study was to isolat and identify Salmonella sp. bacteria in horse feces, as well as to test the sensitivity of Salmonella sp. bacteria to several antibiotics. The research method used consisted of collecting 20 samples, isolating and identifying the bacteria, and testing the sensitivity of the bacteria to antibiotics using the disk diffusion or Kirby Bauer method. The identification results showed that 9 isolats of Salmonella sp. were found out of 20 horse feces samples. The results of the bacterial sensitivity test on horses to the antibiotics used showed that 89% of the isolats were sensitive to gentamicin and chloramphenicol, 55% to nalidixic acid, 44% to amoxicillin and oxytetracycline. Intermediate results were found for some types of antibiotics such as amoxicillin (22%), oxytetracycline (11%), nalidixic acid (22%), and chloramphenicol (11%), while Salmonella showed 100% resistance to cefotaxime. This study can be concluded that Salmonella sp. detected in horse feces has shown resistance to cefotaxime but is still sensitive to amoxicillin, gentamicin, nalidixic acid, oxytetracycline, and chloramphenicol
Keyword: Antibiotic resistance, Identification, Horses, Salmonella sp.

Judul: Isolasi dan Identifikasi Bakteri Streptococcus equi Penyebab Strangles pada Kuda
Abstrak: This research aims to prove the presence of the bacterium Streptococcus equi causes strangles in horses. Examination conducted on 20 samples of horses clinically suspected strangles disease. Isolation and identification of activities performed by the method of bacterial culture, Gram stain, catalase test, and sugar test. Results obtained from a series of tests to identify the bacteria Streptococcus equi of 20 horses there is one horse who infected Streptococcus equi.
Keyword: 

Judul: An Aggregate Production Planning Model With Dynamic Programming Approach for Palm Oil Industry
Abstrak: A common challenge in fulfilling the demand of the raw material requirement is a continuous and repetitive work in a CPO based industry. Main type of operations and procurement in this work lead to how to identify factors that affect the Aggregate Production Planning (APP) system in a CPO based industry. The objectives of this work including how to construct the forecasting model of raw material supply and demands, and to develop an aggregate production planning model in CPO based industry with a dynamic programming approach, and eventually to optimize the total production cost and increase the profit. Parameters of the production process in the APP system consists of working time, productivity, production capacity, inventory level, inventory capacity, subcontract and cost parameters. The forecasted demand of CPO was computed by Additive Decomposition. The forecasted supply of raw material was computed by Multiplicative Decomposition Method. The model showed that the total minimum cost of the CPO production for a year is around Rp 126 Billion. The result of DP showed a potential forecasted profit in the next year.
Keyword: aggregate production planning, forecasting, dynamic programming