Judul: Pengembangan Phantom Ovarium Kucing sebagai Media Pembelajaran Diagnostik Pencitraan Radiografi Digital dan Ultrasonografi
Abstrak: Penggunaan diagnostik pencitraan radiografi dan ultrasonografi mengharuskan dokter hewan mampu mengambil gambar terbaik dan menginterpretasikan hasilnya secara langsung. Phantom dapat digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran diagnostik untuk membantu dalam meningkatkan pemahaman dan peneguhan diagnosa. Formulasi phantom dalam penelitian ini terbuat dari campuran Nutrijell® dan Swallow® dengan tambahan bahan pengawet buffered neutral formalin serta serbuk kunyit dan garam jenuh. Model organ yang dibuat meliputi folikel, corpus luteum, dan badan ovarium, selanjutnya dievaluasi pada parameter durabilitas, opasitas, serta ekogenitas. Sineresis phantom yang dibuat tidak melebihi 7% berat awal dan tidak ditemukan pertumbuhan mikroorganisme di permukaan setelah disimpan hingga 30 hari dalam refrigerator. Evaluasi opasitas dan ekogenitas phantom menggunakan perangkat lunak ImageJ pada citra dan radiografi digital. Hasil radiografi menunjukkan opasitas yang sedang atau abu-abu dengan konsistensinya yang menyerupai jaringan lunak. Nilai rataan ekogenitas model folikel tampak hipoekoik, kemudian diikuti oleh badan ovarium dan yang paling hiperekoik adalah corpus luteum. Badan ovarium dan corpus luteum lebih hiperekoik oleh penambahan bubuk kunyit dan garam jenuh ke dalam formulasi model phantom. Perbedaan sifat radiografi dan ultrasonografi tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan dan dikembangkan menjadi phantom ovarium maupun organ lainnya., The use of radiography and ultrasonography diagnostic imaging requires veterinarian’s skill in getting the best images and interpreting them in real time. Phantom can be used as a diagnostic learning media to aid in improving understanding and confirming diagnoses. The formulation of the phantom in this study was made of Nutrijell® and Swallow® mixture with buffered neutral formalin as a preservative, turmeric powder and saturated salt. Organ phantoms made for this research include follicle, corpus luteum, and ovarian bodies, which were subsequently evaluated for durability, opacity, and echogenicity. Phantom syneresis was not more than 7% of its initial weight, and no growth of microorganisms on the surface after storing it for 30 days in the refrigerator. Opacity and echogenicity evaluation of the phantom were conducted using ImageJ software on digital radiographs and ultrasonography. Radiographic results showed a moderate or gray opacity resembling soft tissue consistency. Echogenic mean value of follicle was hypoechoic, followed by ovarian bodies and corpus luteum with hyperechoic result due to the addition of turmeric powder and saturated salt. Result of this research shows that the phantom can be used as imaging learning media of ovaries or other organs.
Keyword: corpus luteum, follicle, ovary, phantom

Judul: Development of Low-Cost Ultrasound Phantom from Jelly Based for Simulation of Small Animal Organ Imaging
Abstrak: Penggunaan ultrasonografi membutuhkan pelatihan yang cukup untuk menunjang kompetensi operatornya. Namun, pelatihan menggunakan hewan hidup tidak selalu tersedia dan harus diminimalisir. Phantom ultrasonografi dapat dibuat sebagai solusi dalam pelatihan penggunaan ultrasonografi. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat suatu purwarupa phantom ultrasonografi yang ekonomis dari bahan dasar agar sebagai alat simulasi kanulasi intravena dan pencitraan organ pada hewan kecil. Phantom dibuat dari bahan agar dengan berbagai fomulasi yaitu phantom A dengan agar Nutrijell®, phantom B dengan agar Swallow®, dan phantom C dengan campuran kedua agar. Buah dan bakso digunakan sebagai model organ serta balon panjang digunakan sebagai model pembuluh darah. Setiap model organ dievaluasi bentuk, ukuran, dan nilai ekogenisitasnya menggunakan software ImageJ dan dibandingkan dengan organ dan kelainan pada hewan kecil. Konsistensi dan daya tahan phantom juga dievaluasi selama 4 minggu. Hasilnya phantom C memiliki konsistensi serta daya tahan yang paling baik dengan tingkat sineresis terendah yaitu 4.68%. Nilai ekogenisitas dari ketiga formulasi agar masih terlalu rendah (anekoik) dan belum dapat menunjukkan kemiripan dengan otot pada manusia dan hewan kecil. Bakso aci dan bakso dapat menjadi phantom organ ovarium, testis, kelenjar prostat, tumor, dan nodul, sedangkan bakso aci isi hidrogel dapat menjadi phantom kantung empedu dan kista berdasarkan nilai ekogenisitasnya. Balon panjang dapat memberikan kemudahan dalam pelatihan akses maupun kanulasi pembuluh darah menggunakan ultrasonografi., The use of ultrasound requires adequate training to support the competence of the operator. However, training using live animals is not always available and should be minimized. Ultrasound phantom can be used as a solution for ultrasound training. This study was aimed to make a jelly-based low-cost ultrasound phantom prototype for simulating intravenous cannulation and organ imaging in animals. Phantom were made with various formulations of jelly, phantom A with Nutrijell® jelly, phantom B with Swallow® jelly, and phantom C with mixture of both jelly. The organ model used various fruit and meatballs and the vein model used a long balloon. Each organ model was evaluated for shape, size, and ecogenicity values using the ImageJ software and compared with organs and abnormalities in small animals. Phantom consistency and endurance were also evaluated for 4 weeks. The result is that Phantom C has the best consistency and durability with the lowest syneresis level of 4.68%. The ecogenicity value of the three formulations was too low (anechoic) and could not show similarity to muscle in humans and small animals. Aci meatballs and regular meatballs can become phantom organs of the ovaries, testes, prostate glands, tumors, and nodules, while hydrogel filled meatballs can be phantom of the gallbladder and cyst based on its ecogenicity value. Long balloons can provide convenience in training for access and cannulation of blood vessels using ultrasound.
Keyword: agar Nutrijell®, agar Swallow®, ImageJ, phantom, ultrasonografi

Judul: Tingkat Keberhasilan Program Corporate Social Responsibility “Water Access Sanitation and Hygiene” PT Aqua Golden Mississippi Citereup
Abstrak: Water Access Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) is a CSR program from PT Aqua Golden Mississippi which aims to provide a supply of clean water infrastructure, facilitating institutional water users, and build a clean and healthy life style communities. The purpose of this study is: to identify individual characteristics from WASH participant program, to examine the public knowledge and the relationship with individual characteristics, to examine the public participation and the relationship with individual characteristics, and to examine the success rate and the relationship with public knowledge and public participation. The research is carried out by quantitative and qualitative methods using questionnaries and in-depth interview. The results show that the majority of individuals have the characteristics, the productive middle age, male, married, less educated, working as laborers and middle experienced with the group. Level of participant’s knowledge, participation and success rate program still low.
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