Judul: Studi Metode Infiltrasi Falling Head dan Constant Head pada Beberapa Variasi Ketinggian Genangan Air
Abstrak: Field measurement of infiltration rate using both of falling head and constant head method has an opportunity to generate different infiltration capacity values due to the different of hydraulic head and the way of water being added to infiltrometer. The purpose of this study was to compare the infiltration capacity based on falling head and constant head method and to see the effect of various hydraulic head in the infiltrometer on the infiltration capacity. Infiltration field measurement was done in Latosol Darmaga, Bogor. Falling head method was done in two different ways, namely within a certain time interval and within a certain water drop interval. Hydraulic head used during measurement were 10 cm, 15 cm, and 20 cm. The falling head and constant head method generated different infiltration capacity values. The falling head method based on time interval generated different values of infiltration capacity at 10 cm, 15 cm, and 20 cm hydraulic head of respectively 5.07 cm/hour, 6.13 cm/hour, and 4.67 cm/hour. The falling head method based on water drop interval at 10 cm, 15 cm, and 20 cm hydraulic head generated infiltration capacity values of respectively 17.47 cm/hour, 17.18 cm/hour, and 20.60 cm/hour. The constant head method at 10 cm, 15 cm, and 20 cm hydraulic head generated infiltration capacity values of respectively 15.77 cm/hour, 24.17 cm/hour, and 25.90 cm/hour. Infiltration field measurement using the falling head method either based on time interval or water drop interval did not show an increasing trend of infiltration capacity values due to the increase of hydraulic head. However, the infiltration field measurement using constant head showed an increasing trend of the infiltration capacity values due to the increase of hydraulic head.
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Judul: Analisis Infiltrasi Tanah pada Berbagai Penggunaan Lahan di Kebun Percobaan Cikabayan, Dramaga
Abstrak: Infiltration rate of soil is influenced by a variety soil properties, such as soil texture, type of clay mineral, soil structure, aggregate stability, soil water content, soil organic matter content, soil pore distribution, and land use. The purpose of this study was to determine the infiltration rate of the soil on several land uses, and soil infiltration relationships with other soil properties, especially soil aggregate stability, organic matter content, and the content and type of cation. The result showed that the initial soil infiltration rate (t = 0,05 hour) was highest on Durian Garden 90 cm/hr, followed by Open Land 80 cm/hr, Cassava Garden 79 cm/hr, and the lowest in Rubber Garden 60 cm/hr. The initial soil infiltration rate is more determined by initial soil water content. Rubber Garden have the lowest soil infiltration rate because it has the highest initial soil water content. Cassava Garden has a constant infiltration rate of 7,80 cm/hr that classified as slightly fast. Infiltration rate constant on Rubber Garden 6,00 cm/hr, followed by Durian Garden 5,40 cm/hr, and Open Land have the lowest infiltration rate constant of 5,20 cm/hr which all classified as medium. Based on observations made soil infiltration rate is not always influenced by land use and some soil properties such as high aggregate stability, organic matter content, and exchangeable cation. Initial soil moisture condition controls initial soil infiltration rate. Tuber formation can loosen the soil so as to stimulate the movement of water into the ground to be faster.
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Judul: Studi Kasus: Tumor Kulit Pada Beruang Coklat (Ursus Arctos).
Abstrak: Seekor beruang coklat (Ursus arctos) berjenis kelamin betina yang berasal dari Taman Margasatwa Ragunan, DKI Jakarta-Indonesia didiagnosa menderita tumor kulit. Studi kasus ini bertujuan mengetahui jenis tumor pada beruang coklat yang telah berumur 39 tahun. Beruang sakit (nafsu makan dan aktifitas menurun) sekitar dua bulan dan dilakukan perawatan di kandang individu. Terapi dilakukan dengan pemberian antibiotik dan vitamin. Beruang tersebut mati pada 7 Oktober 2014, kemusian nekropsi segera dilakukan di Divisi Patologi Departemen Klinik, Reproduksi, dan Patologi Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Institut Pertanian Bogor. Hasil nekropsi ditemukan multinodular berwarna merah tua dengan diameter 5,5 cm. Tumor terlihat menyatu dengan jaringan sekitar tanpa memperlihatkan batas atau tidak terlihat adanya kapsul yang membatasi, pola pertumbuhan yang tidak teratur serta menginvasi jaringan sekitar. Sampel jaringan tumor kemudian diperiksa secara histopatologi. Massa tumor terlihat sel-sel berbentuk pipih atau gelendong(spindled) poligonal dengan ukuran yang bervariasi (Anisositosis). Sitoplasma sel-sel tumor berwarna eosinofilik membentuk penjuluran, dan memiliki nukleus berbentuk bulat sampai oval (tidak seragam) dengan nukleolus berjumlah 1-2. Sel-sel tumor tersusun dalam kelompok yang tidak beraturan dengan jarak yang renggang. Kadang-kadang pada beberapa daerah ditemukan sel-sel tumor yang memiliki pigmen coklat sampai hitam (melanin). Pewarnaan Masson's Trichrome (MT) memperlihatkan adanya pertumbuhan kolagen minimal yang dihasilkan oleh jaringan ikat diantara sel-sel tumor. Pewarnaan imunohistokimia terhadap Desmin, Vimentin, dan S100 memperlihatkan hasil positif dan negatif terhadap Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP). Berdasarkan morfologi dan hasil imunohistokimia, tumor didiagnosa sebagai malignant melanoma.
Keyword: Beruang (Ursus arctos), malignant, melanoma, tumor kulit