Judul: Analisis nilai tambah pengolahan dan strategi pemasaran produk mi instan : Studi kasus pada PT.DEF, Indonesia
Abstrak: Pengembangan agroindustri tidak hanya ditujukan untuk pengembangan kegiatan industri, tetapi sekaligus juga untuk mengembangkan kegiatan pengolahan dan pemasaran hasil pertanian. Agroindustri yang merupakan salah satu fokus utama pelaksanaan Pembangunan Jangka Panjang Tahap II semakin dikembangkan dan tersebar luas di seluruh nusantara, meliputi agroindustri hulu dan agroindustri hilir. Berkaitan dengan hal di atas, industri pengolahan hasil pertanian, seperti industri pengolahan tepung terigu menjadi mi instan berperan cukup besar bagi perkembangan perekonomian nasional. Industri mi instan yang menghasilkan berbagai produk mi merupakan salah satu bentuk agroindustri hilir, yaitu agroindustri yang mengolah hasil-hasil pertanian, telah memberikan andil yang cukup besar bagi perkembangan ekonomi nasional. Dengan meningkatnya pendapatan, kemampuan konsumsi, dan kesibukan penduduk yang sejalan dengan semakin meningkatnya taraf hidup masyarakat Indonesia, maka saat ini diperlukan makanan yang serba praktis, mudah dan cepat cara penghidangannya serta bernilai gizi baik. Dalam hal ini selain termasuk dalam makanan yang praktis dan cepat dalam penyajiannya, mi instan juga menghasilkan nilai tambah bagi produsen yang menghasilkannya. Hal ini menimbulkan dampak yaitu terjadinya persaingan yang tajam antara PT. DEF dengan perusahaan-perusahaan sejenis dalam memperebutkan konsumen, mendapatkan bahan baku, persaingan inovasi, teknologi, dan lain-lain. ...
Keyword: 

Judul: Optimalisasi produksi mie instan di PT. Jakarana Tama, Ciawi-Bogor, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Industri pangan salah satu basis kekuatan agroindustri mempunyai peranan penting dalam perekonomian bangsa Indonesia, mampu memenuhi kebutuhan pangan, menghasilkan devisa, menyerap tenaga kerja serta mendorong berdirinya industri penunjang lain. Industri pangan membuat diversifikasi produk bahan baku produknya berasal dari hasil pertanian seperti gandum, diolah menjadi tepung terigu kemudian diolah kembali berupa produk makanan seperti mie instan, roti, kue, pasta, dan lain-lain. Perkembangan produksi dan konsumsi mie instan tahun 2001-2004 menunjukan peningkatan setiap tahun, jumlah produksi per tahun di Indonesia berada di bawah kapasitas produksi per tahun 1.068.397 ton.
Keyword: 

Judul: Morphofunctional Characteristic of the Shoulder and Upper Arm Muscles of The Bornean Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
Abstrak: Orangutans are arboreal primates that have similarities to gorillas and chimpanzees from both anatomical and physiological aspects, although there are distinct behaviors that allow for differentiation in the structure of the locomotor apparatus. This research aims to study the anatomy of the muscles of the shoulders and upper-arm of the Bornean orangutan associated with the type of locomotion and daily behavior. This study was conducted by observing the morphology of the shoulders and upper-arms muscles and watching their behaviors through video observations. The results showed that the rotator cuff muscles in orangutans were relatively thick resulted in well-fixed shoulders. Musculus rhomboideus occipitalis is only observed in orangutans to facilitate them during arboreal activities such as brachiation. The external trunk muscle in orangutans is found to be relatively large compared to chimpanzees and gorillas, due to the lifting of the upper arms while in trees and on the ground. Musculus brachioradialis and musculus biceps brachii were well developed as flexors of the elbow joint and hold the body mass while climbing up the tree. The Bornean orangutans' activities are more arboreal than those in gorillas and chimpanzees, thus their shoulder and upper arm muscles were more developed to support brachiation activities., Orangutans are arboreal primates that have similarities to gorillas and chimpanzees from both anatomical and physiological aspects, although there are distinct behaviors that allow for differentiation in the structure of the locomotor apparatus. This research aims to study the anatomy of the muscles of the shoulders and upper-arm of the Bornean orangutan associated with the type of locomotion and daily behavior. This study was conducted by observing the morphology of the shoulders and upper-arms muscles and watching their behaviors through video observations. The results showed that the rotator cuff muscles in orangutans were relatively thick resulted in well-fixed shoulders. Musculus rhomboideus occipitalis is only observed in orangutans to facilitate them during arboreal activities such as brachiation. The external trunk muscle in orangutans is found to be relatively large compared to chimpanzees and gorillas, due to the lifting of the upper arms while in trees and on the ground. Musculus brachioradialis and musculus biceps brachii were well developed as flexors of the elbow joint and hold the body mass while climbing up the tree. The Bornean orangutans' activities are more arboreal than those in gorillas and chimpanzees, thus their shoulder and upper arm muscles were more developed to support brachiation activities.
Keyword: arboreal, Bornean orangutans, shoulders and upper-arm muscles, terrestrial