Judul: Chemical and Physical Properties of Chemically Extracted Defatted Maggot
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kualitas kimia dan fisik dari maggot hasil ekstraksi dengan rasio pelarut yang berbeda sebagai bahan pakan alternatif sumber protein. Rancangan acak lengkap digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari P0 = maggot kontrol tanpa perlakuan, P1 = maggot + larutan heksan 1:5 kg L-1, P2 = maggot + larutan heksan 1:7 kg L-1, P3 = maggot + larutan heksan 1:9 kg L-1. Parameter yang diukur pada uji fisik meliputi: warna, tekstur, bau, berat jenis, kerapatan tumpukan, kerapatan pemadatan tumpukan, sudut tumpukan, kelarutan dan pH. Parameter yang diukur pada uji kimia meliputi: kadar air, kadar abu, serat kasar, lemak kasar dan protein kasar. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan ragam (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan jika terdapat perbedaan nyata. Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan (P<0.05) pada uji kadar abu, protein kasar, lemak kasar, kerapatan tumpukan, kerapatan pemadatan tumpukan, sudut tumpukan dan pH, serta tidak signifikan (P>0.05) pada uji berat jenis dan kelarutan. Disimpulkan bahwa proses defatted maggot menyebabkan penurunan bobot rendemen, namun meningkatkan kualitas kimia dan fisik pada maggot. Proses defatted pada P1 paling efisien menghasilkan rendemen serta meningkatkan kadar nutrien pada maggot. Proses defatted juga mampu merubah karakteristik dan sifat fisik maggot pada kerapatan tumpukan, kerapatan pemadatan tumpukan, sudut tumpukan dan pH., This study aims to evaluate the chemical and physical quality of maggot extracted with different solvent ratios as an alternative feed ingredient for protein sources. Completely randomized design was used in this study with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments consisted of P0 = control maggot without treatment, P1 = maggot + hexane solution 1:5 kg L-1, P2 = maggot + hexane solution 1:7 kg L-1, P3 = maggot + hexane solution 1:9 kg L-1. Parameters measured in the physical test include: color, texture, odor, true density, bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose, solubility and pH. Parameters measured in the chemical test include: ash content, crude fiber, crude fat and crude protein. The data obtained were analyzed for variance (ANOVA) and continued with Duncan's test if there was a significant difference. This study showed significant results (P<0.05) on the test of ash content, crude protein, crude fat, bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose and pH, and not significant (P>0.05) on true density and solubility tests. The defatted maggot process causes a decrease in yield weight, but increases the chemical and physical quality of the maggot. It is concluded that the defffated process in P1 is the most efficient in producing yields and increasing nutrient levels in maggot. The defffated process is also able to change the characteristics and physical properties of the maggot on the bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose and pH.
Keyword: defatted maggot, sifat fisik, sifat kimia

Judul: Physiological Response and Performance of Quails During The Production Period with The Application of BSF Maggot Flour in Feed
Abstrak: Maggot BSF (Black Soldier Fly) memiliki kandungan protein yang tinggi, zat antimikroba, dan antijamur. Tepung maggot BSF dapat diberikan kepada puyuh sebagai sumber protein utama pakan. Sumber protein pakan komersial masih berasal dari impor, salah satunya meat bone meal (MBM). Alternatif menekan harga pakan digunakannya sumber protein lokal yang ketersedinya melimpah yaitu maggot BSF. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji respon fisiologis dan performa produksi puyuh dengan pemberian tepung maggot BSF dalam pakan. Penelitian menggunakan analisis uji-t dengan 2 perlakuan dan 5 kali ulangan, setiap ulangan terdiri dari 10 ekor puyuh periode produksi. Puyuh yang diberi perlakuan pakan mengandung sumber protein MBM dan maggot BSF tidak memberikan perbedaan pada respon fisiologis. Performa dalam aspek produksi konversi pakan dan mortalitas memiliki nilai yang lebih baik, dalam aspek ekonomi pakan mengandung sumber protein utama tepung maggot BSF memiliki nilai nilai IOFC lebih ekonomis dibandingkan pakan mengandung sumber protein utama MBM., BSF (Black Soldier Fly) maggot has a high protein content, anti-microbial and anti-fungal substances. BSF maggot meal can be given to quail as the main source of feed protein. Commercial feed protein sources still come from imports, one of which is meat bone meal (MBM). An alternative to reduce feed prices is the use of local protein sources that are abundant, namely BSF maggot. The purpose of this study was to assess the physiological response and production performance of quail by feeding BSF maggot meal. The study used t-test analysis with 2 treatments and 5 replicates, each replicate consisting of 10 quails in the production period. Quail treated with feed containing MBM and BSF maggot protein sources did not give differences in physiological responses. Performance in the production aspect of feed conversion and mortality has a better value, in the economic aspect, feed containing the main protein source of BSF maggot flour has a more economical IOFC value than feed containing the main protein source of MBM.
Keyword: pakan, maggot, protein, puyuh, quail, feed

Judul: : Persamaan Tunggal sebagai Representasi Kurva Komposit
Abstrak: A mathematical method is introduced to represent a composite curve based on an extension of analytic geometry. The representation is given either with a single equation or with two equations, in the case of parametric representation. This method permits the representation of composite curves in similar manner to the conventional representation of non-composite curves. Some mathematical tools, including Heaviside unit step function and periodizer function, are used in the establishment of a single equation. In this paper, regular equations of regular and irregular polygon, as well as composite curves of two dimensions, are implemented using a computer algebraic system, Mathematica.
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