Judul: Hutan dan Subsistensi Petani : Kasus di Ciheras, Kecamatan Cipatujah, Kabupaten Tasikmalaya, Jawa Barat
Abstrak: Subsistensi petani dari judul laporan ini terutama membahas proses yang diusahakan menuju produksi pertanian berdasarkan kecukupan petani itu sendiri dan keluarganya. Dengan kata lain produksi dan konsumsi merupakan sistem yang tertutup. Lingkungan sosial luar sedikit sekali ikut serta dalam proses tersebut.
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Judul: Pengetahuan Lokal dalam Pengelolaan Hutan (Kasus di Desa Cijagang dan Desa Sukamulya Kabupaten Cianjur Provinsi Jawa Barat)
Abstrak: Villager, living around the forest, are depending their life on natural resources. This community exploit natural resources based on their local knowledge. Local knowledge is dinamically change over time, this issue makes this subject interesting for research that potentially enrich the local knowledge of the community. This reasearch is focused on farm forest management. It would concern issues about changes in local knowledge over time and also the role of local knowedge in economic life, environment sustainability, and social interaction among the community. Local knowledge have an important role for the community in their economy, ecology, and social life. Economically, local knowledge is important to help the community in making appropriate decision in investing an economically best valued plant and deciding the right farming technology to be used. Ecologically, local knowledge is important to guide the community to sustain the environment. Socially, local knowledge is important to help the community having a healthy social life by helping each other. Therefore the existance of local knowledge among the community have an important role in fulfilling the prosperity without ignoring the sustainable environment and social relationship among the community. This reaseach was held in March to April 2008 at Cijagang and Sukamulya villages, Sub district of Cikalongkulon. It took 60 respondents, 30 of them came from Cijagang and the other 30 came from Sukamulya. The data were collected by interviewing responden, observation and study of literature. The Data processed and analyzed by method of reduction, data presentation, and taking conclusion. Local knowledge in a form of cultural theme can be elaborated in many actions and ideas. Cultural theme in a farm forest management can be realized as land preparation, seed preparation, planting, cultivation and maintenance, and harvesting. This reasearch found some changes in local knowledge at Cijagang and Sukamulya community. In a land preparation, at ancient time people used to think that ritual is a must, but nowadays ritual is not abseloutely had to be done. In a seed preparation, at ancient time seed was collected from nature and prepared using traditional tools, but nowadays seed can be found in the nursery and prepared using modern tools . In a planting, at ancient time planting season begin by the traditional forecasting (direct stars observation by the farmer), but nowadays planting season begin by the modern weather forecasting. In a maintanance, at ancient time there are some custom rule that control the dislodgement of wild animal, but nowadays the rules are often ignored. In a harvesting, at ancient time incisions were done in a certain time with a certain consideration, but nowadays it does not have to through certain consideration. Local knowledge that exist among the Cijagang and Sukamulya community have important role in economy, ecology, and social life. 6 Economically, local knowledge in a land opening (observation of the direction and velocity of the wind during the land burning) has sustain the fertility of the land and increased harvest. Ecologically, local knowledge that encourage farmer to use natural substance instead of chemical substance help the community to sustain their environment. Socially, local knowledge help
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Judul: Differential Leukocytes in Mice (Mus muscullus) after Amyloid Beta Aβ40 and Aβ42 Immunization as a Marker of Alzheimer’s Disease.
Abstrak: Alzheimer merupakan penyakit neurodegeneratif yang bersifat irreversibel dan progresif yang terkait dengan perubahan sel-sel saraf, sehingga menyebabkan kematian sel otak dan terjadinya demensia. Pengamatan terhadap diferensial leukosit dapat membantu dalam mendiagnosa penyakit ini dengan tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui gambaran diferensial leukosit pada mencit terhadap respon imunisasi amyloid beta Aβ40 dan Aβ42. Penelitian ini menggunakan 22 ekor mencit (Mus muscullus) Balb/c jantan dan betina dengan berat badan 20-35 gr. Mencit dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok yaitu, kelompok mencit kontrol, kelompok mencit vaksinasi antigen amyloid Aβ40 dan kelompok mencit vaksinasi antigen amyloid beta Aβ42. Sampel darah dimabil melalui vena coccygea sebanyak 0,5 ml setiap mencit. Sampel darah diambil pada hari ke-0, 14 dan 24 setelah diimunisasi. Hasil menunjukkan kelompok mencit yang diimunisasi amyloid beta 40 (Aβ40) dan amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42) menyebabkan peningkatan jumlah limfosit dan neutrofil yang signifikan, sedangkan kelompok mencit kontrol tidak menunjukkan perubahan leukosit yang signifikan. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian imunisasi antigen amyloid beta Aβ40 dan Aβ42 pada mencit tidak memengaruhi jumlah basofil, eosinofil, neutrofil batang serta monosit., Alzheimer's is an irreversible and progressive neurodegenerative disease associated with changes in nerve cells, leading to brain cell death and dementia. Observation of differential leukocytes can help in diagnosing the disease precisely. This study aims to find out the differential picture of leukocytes in mice against amyloid beta Aβ40 and Aβ42 immunization responses. This study used 22 mice (Mus muscullus) Balb / c male and female with a weight of 20-35 grams. Mice were divided into three groups, namely, the control mice group, the Aβ40 amyloid antigen vaccination mice group and the Aβ42 amyloid beta antigen vaccination mice group. Blood samples are taken through the coccygea vein as much as 0.5 ml per mice. Blood samples are taken on days 0, 14 and 24 after immunization. Results showed the mice group immunized amyloid beta 40 (Aβ40) and amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42) caused a significant increase in lymphocyte and neutrophil counts, while the control mice group showed no significant leukocyte changes. Based on the observations, it can be concluded that immunization of amyloid beta Aβ40 and Aβ42 antigens on mice does not affect the number of basophils, eosinophils, bar neutrophils and monocytes.
Keyword: Alzheimer, Diferensial leukosit, Amyloid beta, Mencit, Alzheimer's, differential leukocytes, amyloid beta, mice