Judul: Efektivitas Penggunaan Probiotik Padat dan Cair untuk Menurunkan Kadar Amonia (NH3) dan Hidrogen Sulfida (H2S) Feses Sapi Potong
Abstrak: Livestock production system could result in various environmental problems which should be reduced. Faeces of beef cattle contain several odor producing compounds (ammonia, NH3, and hydrogen sulfide, H2S) that may have negative effect on animal production. Probiotic supplementation (solid and liquid probiotic) is one alternative for reducing nitrogen excretion and other noxious gas. The aim of this study was to asses the effectivity of solid and liquid probiotic supplementation for reducing fecal NH3 and H2S concentrations in beef cattle. Eighteen local beef cattle (average initial body weight, BW, 448.8±7.16 kg) were allocated into three dietary treatments in a randomized block design (six cattles per treatments). Dietary treatments included: P1 as conrol (forage+concentrate+rice bran); P2 (P1+solid probiotic 0.25% w/w); and P3 (P1+liquid probiotic 0.1% v/w). Results showed that probiotic addition decreased significantly faecal NH3 concentration (P<0.05), but had no effect on H2S concentration. Suplementation with solid probiotic was more effective for decreasing fecal NH3 concentration than liquid probiotic supplementation.
Keyword: 

Judul: Efektifitas Pemberian Probiotik Padat pada Taraf yang Berbeda terhadap Fermentasi dan Kecernaan in vitro Ransum Sapi Potong
Abstrak: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of various levels of solid probioticsupplementation in beef cattle rations on VFA and NH3 concentrations, rumen microbial populations and nutrient digestibility. Fermentability experiment used factorial randomized block design 3x4 with 4 replications. Factor A was beef cattle ration without and with solid probiotic supplement: A1 = control diet, A2 = A1 + solid probiotic 0.25% w.w-1 and A3 = A1 + solid probiotic 0.5% w.w-1. Factor B was the incubation time: 0,1,2 and 3 hours. Digestibility trial used a randomized block design with three probiotic treatments (A1, A2 and A3) and four replications. The results showed that concentration of ammonia, total VFA, microbial protein sythesis and DM digestibility were not influenced by probiotic supplementation and incubation time, these treatment affected significantly total bacterial population. Protozoal population and OM digestibility was influented by solid probiotics supplementation. Polynomial orthogonal test indicated that A3 is the optimal treatment.
Keyword: solid probiotic, digestibility, fermentability

Judul: Analisis Kebutuhan Sistem Pemrosesan Transaksi Pengajaran Taman Kanak-kanak Menggunakan Zachman Framework
Abstrak: Early childhood is the most important phase in human life because all aspects of human life grow so fast. Therefore, providing good quality education for childhood has to be the main focus. The core competence of kindergarten teacher is pedagogic. It is related to teacher’s ability to design learning activities and to evaluate student learning outcomes. The existence of computer application can help teacher while making lesson plan, recording student progress in the class, and reporting student final result. Zachman Framework becomes a tool that can used to analyze the requirement of Transaction Processing System for Kindergarten Teaching. This research uses three of six perspectives in Zachman Framework to collect requirements. Each perspective is depicted by several artifacts. The Executive Perspective is identified by 18 entities, vision and mission of the kindergarten, address of kindergarten, 6 important timing and 13 main process. The Bussines Owner Perspective is defined by 6 entities at ERD, activity diagram, master schedule, 5 goals, and organizational chart. The Architect Perspective is represented by 22 entities at ERD, 7 processes using activity diagram, state diagram, and 25 data integrity constraints. This requirement analysis document is useful as a blueprint for the next stage of development
Keyword: