Judul: Permormance analysis of web server load balancing with dynamic ratio algorithm
Abstrak: Seiring dengan meningkatnya kebutuhan akan penggunaan sumber daya yang ada di dalam jaringan komputer, teknologi jaringan juga semakin berkembang. Load balancing merupakan salah satu teknik routing yang dapat memanfaatkan beberapa sumber daya untuk dapat digunakan secara bersamaan. Ketika permintaan dari pengguna meningkat maka server akan terbebani karena harus melayani permintaan tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membangun load balancer yang dapat membaca ketersediaan resource pada server. Pembagian request dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan informasi resource sever tersebut, yang terdiri dari CPU, memory, dan disk. Algoritme penjadwalan yang digunakan adalah rasio dinamis dan sebagai algoritme pembandingnya adalah round robin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa algoritme rasio dinamis bekerja lebih optimal dibandingkan dengan algoritme round robin. Algoritme rasio dinamis mampu meningkatkan throughput, meminimalkan waktu tanggap, dan menghindari overload., The increasing demand of the computer network resources usages has triggered the development of networks technology. Load balancing is one of the routing technique that can utilize multiple resources simultaneously. When the requests from the users increase, the server will be burdened for giving response to that requests. The purpose of this research is to build a load balancer that can read the servers’ resource availabilities. Based on these information, the requests distribution is performed by considering the resources such as CPU, memory, and disk. Dynamic ratio is used as the schedulling algorithm and compared with round robin algorihtm. The results will be compared to the one of round robin algorithm. The results showed that the dynamic ratio algorithm works more optimal than round-robin algorithm. Dynamic ratio algorithm is able to improve the throughput, minimize the response time, and avoid overload.
Keyword: load balancing, rasio dinamis, round robin, server

Judul: Peningkatan Kualitas Layanan Website IPB Menggunakan Load Balancing dan Mirorring
Abstrak: Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) uses website as media to promote all of it's activities and events to the academic community and world wide. Currently, IPB website using a single server to serve requests from the user. The use of a single server is not powerful enough to serve huge request at the same time, This research implements load balancing and mirroring mechanism to distribute workload to some server ofIPB website. Load balancing method implemented was dedicated load balancing at IP level used L VS software with Network Address Translation distribution method. Implementation was build in virtual network used VMWare virtual machine to solve the hardware limitation and to reduce risk. Mirroring method used was mixed of time base and event base mirroring. File synchronization used time base mirroring, whereas database synchronization used event base mirroring. The result of this research showed that the implementation of load balancing and mirroring mechanism has been proven in upgrading the web server reliability, scalability, and availability. Goodput of LVS was better than single server system. Response time and request loss L VS were lower than single server. In L VS system, CPU and memory utilization on both of web server were almost equal. It indicated that the director distributed workload to web servers fairly. Duration of take over director was less than 2 second that still achieved Cisco standard in RFC 2281, the recommended time of take over director was not be more than 10 second. On the other hand, the duration of take over web server was approximately 21 second.
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Judul: Imago and Egg Hatching Behavior of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Abstrak: Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) atau ulat grayak jagung (UGJ) merupakan hama kosmopolitan yang menyebabkan kerusakan berat pada pertanaman jagung di beberapa negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari perilaku imago dan penetasan telur UGJ. Perilaku hinggap dan peletakan telur diamati pada pagi pukul 07:00 s.d. 09:00 dan sore pukul 16:00 s.d. 18:00 terhadap 223 imago jantan dan 366 imago betina yang dilepaskan di dalam sungkup kasa berukuran 1.5 m x 1.5 m x 2 m dengan sembilan tanaman jagung. Perilaku imago juga diamati setiap dua jam selama 24 jam terhadap kurang lebih 30 pasang imago. Proses penetasan telur dilakukan dengan mengamati dua puluh kelompok telur setiap dua jam sekali selama dua hari. Tidak terdapat perbedaan pola distribusi hinggap pada beberapa lokasi selama pengamatan pagi dan sore, dan juga diantara jenis kelamin. Sepertiga dari populasi imago hinggap pada tanaman jagung dan secara keseluruhan hinggap pada bagian permukaan atas (adaksial) daun jagung. Sebagian besar imago S. frugiperda meletakkan kelompok telur pada permukaan bawah (abaksial) daun jagung. Imago S. frugiperda aktif malam hari dan seluruh aktivitas bergerak/terbang, kawin, serta meletakkan telur terjadi antara pukul 18:00 s.d. 04:00. Telur S. frugiperda menetas antara pukul 02:00 s.d. 12:00 dan sekitar 75% kelompok telur menetas di antara pukul 02:00 s.d. 06:00., The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) is a cosmopolitan pest that may cause severe damages on corn in many countries. This research was to study FAW moth and egg hatching behavior. The perching and egg laying behaviors were observed in the morning (7–9 am) and late afternoon (4–6 pm) on 223 males and 366 females moths released inside a 1.5 m x 1.5 m x 2 m cage with 9 corn plants in it. The behaviors were also observed every two hours for 24 hours involving about 30 pairs of moths. Egg hatching processed were carried out by observing 20 egg clusters every 2 hours for 2 days. There were no differences on the pattern of moth perching locations during the morning and afternoon observations, and also between sexes. One third of the moths perched on the corn plants and almost all moths perched on upper surfaces of the corn leaves. About half numbers of egg clusters were laid on the corn plants, and most of them were laid at lower surfaces of the corn leaves. Fall armyworm moths were nocturnal and activities of moving/flying, mating and egg laying occurred between 6 pm to 4 am. Fall armyworm egg hatching occurred between 2 am to 12 am, and 75% of them hatched between 2 am to 6 am.
Keyword: Egg laying, FAW, imago behavior, perching pattern