Judul: Peranan bekatul sebagai substitusi tepung terigu pada produk " cookies "
Abstrak: Bekatul merupakan hasil samping pengolahan padi men jadi beras yang mempunyai nilai gizi (protein dan lemak) tinggi. Potensi bekatul relatif tinggi di Indonesia dan jumlahnya meningkat secara proporsional dengan meningkat nya produksi padi. Pembuatan "Cookies" (kue kering) di Indonesia umumnya menggunakan tepung terigu yang masih merupakan produk impor. Diperkirakan bekatul akan lebih mudah diterima masyarakat bila dijadikan substitusi te- pung terigu dalam pembuatan "cookies". Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui tingkat substi- tusi bekatul dalam pembuatan "cookies", komposisi kimia serta analisa biaya bahan baku pembuatan "cookies". Bahan-bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah bekatul, tepung terigu, telur, gula, "shortening" dan bahan pengembang. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan dua kali ulangan. Adapun perlakuan yang dicobakan terdiri dari enam jenis "cookies", yaitu "cookies" dengan bahan baku utama tepung terigu (Bo), substitusi bekatul sebanyak lima persen (B₁), 10 persen (B2), 15 persen (B3), 20 persen (B4) dan 25 persen (B5) dari total tepung terigu yang digunakan. ...
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Judul: Analisis Potensi dan Gizi Pemanfaatan Bekatul dalam Pembuatan Cookies.
Abstrak: Rice bran, by product of rice milling, has a good nutrition content and potential as source of carbohydrate. The utilization of rice bran for human consumption is still limited. So far, it is used merely as feed. The objectives of this research were (1) to investigate the potency of rice bran,i.e. its availability and as source of carbohydrate, (2) to find the best formula of cookies, (3) to analyze nutrition content, fibre content, and antioxydant capacity of the best formula of cookies, and (4) to analyze cost production of cookies making . In 2009, rice bran availability in Indonesia was 8.700.290 ton or equal to 1.271.368 ton carbohydrate. The formula of cookies that accepted organoleptically is the cookies made by mixed of wheat flour : rice bran were 65 : 35%. Water, ash, protein, fat, and carbohydrate content (wet basis) of the best formula of cookies that made by substitution of wheat flour with conventional and functional rice bran were 3.21 and 2.94, 3.02 and 2.92. 7.32 and 6.46, 28.88 and 28.24, 56.26 and 58.31, respectively, and not different statistically except for carbohydrate content. Fibre content of both cookies formula were not significantly different and each was 9.78 and 10.53 (wet basis). Antioxydant capacity of its were 70.87% and 69.03%. AEAC of both formula of cookies was not significantly different and each was 27.06 and 32.13 mg. The price of its were Rp 58,837/kg and Rp 54,851/kg.
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Judul: Daily Behavior of Axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) in Aquarium Maintenance
Abstrak: Ambystoma mexicanum atau axolotl adalah salamander yang termasuk jenis eksotis dari Meksiko. Salamander ini potensial dipelihara sebagai hewan eksotis didukung insang eksternal dan warna kulit yang bervariasi. Pemeliharaan axolotl masih menjadi masalah utama, karena dapat menurunkan kesejahteraan hidup axolotl apabila informasi terbatas bagi pemelihara. Kesejahteraan hidup dipengaruhi oleh kondisi hewan dan kondisi lingkungan. Penelitian bertujuan mempelajari perilaku harian axolotl berdasarkan warna kulit, jumlah individu di akuarium, dan periode waktu. Pemeliharaan axolotl dilakukan di akuarium dengan suhu 22,3–23,0 °C serta pencahayaan (12/12 jam). Objek penelitian terdiri dari axolotl dengan warna kulit merah muda (leucistic), kuning (golden), dan kecoklatan berbintik hitam (marble). Observasi perilaku harian axolotl menggunakan metode focal animal sampling dengan total 264 jam pengamatan. Perilaku harian yang diamati meliputi sosial, agonistik, dan lokomosi. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan interaksi antara warna kulit, jumlah individu, dan periode waktu tidak memengaruhi perilaku harian axolotl. Masingmasing faktor periode waktu dan jumlah individu mempengaruhi perilaku harian axolotl. Faktor warna kulit hanya memengaruhi perilaku sosial. Axolotl golden paling banyak melakukan aktivitas sosial. Axolotl lebih banyak beraktivitas pada siang hari daripada malam hari. Populasi tiga individu di akuarium meningkatkan perilaku sosial dan agonistik, namun menurunkan lokomosi, Ambystoma mexicanum or axolotl is an exotic type of salamander from Mexico. Axolotl has the potential as an exotic animal because of its external gills and varied skin color. Axolotl maintenance is still a major problem, which could reduce the welfare if the information is limited for keepers. The animal and environmental conditions influence welfare. The research aims to study the daily behaviour of axolotls based on skin color, number of individuals, and time period. Axolotl was maintained in an aquarium with temperature (22.3–23.0 °C) and lighting (12/12 hours). The objects consisted of axolotls in pink (leucistic), yellow (golden) and brownish skin with black spots (marble). Daily behaviour were observed by focal animal sampling (total of 264 hours). Daily behaviours included social, agonistic, and locomotion. Data were analyzed with an ANOVA test. The results showed that interaction between skin color, number of individuals and time period didn’t affect the daily behaviour of axolotls. The time period and the number of individuals influenced daily behaviour. The skin color only influenced social behaviour. Golden axolotl carried the most social activities. Axolotls were more active during the day than at night. Populations of three individuals in an aquarium increased social and agonistic, but decreased locomotion.
Keyword: aggressiveness, external gills, leucistic, solitary