Judul: Analisis Daya Saing Dan Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Permintaan Ekspor Udang Karang (Panulirus Sp) Di Negara Tujuan
Abstrak: Udang karang (Panulirus sp) merupakan salah satu komoditas ekspor Indonesia yang menjadi unggulan. Indonesia sebagai salah satu produsen udang karang terbesar di dunia diharapkan mampu untuk meningkatkan daya saing di pasar dunia khususnya di negara tujuan ekspor utama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis daya saing komoditas udang karang Indonesia dan mengetahui faktor apa saja yang Memengaruhi nilai ekspor udang karang Indonesia. Metode Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) dan Export Product Dynamics (EPD) digunakan untuk menganalisis karakteristik daya saing dan dinamika ekspor komoditas di negara tujuan. Nilai RCA menunjukkan komoditas udang karang Indonesia memiliki keunggulan komparatif di empat negara tujuan ekspor. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Gravity Model dengan data panel yang mencakup lima negara tujuan ekspor Indonesia pada tahun 2001 – 2013. Dari hasil estimasi variabel Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) riil Indonesia, PDB nominal negara tujuan, nilai tukar riil Indonesia terhadap negara tujuan, harga komoditas substitusi, volume produksi, dan jarak ekonomi memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai ekspor udang karang Indonesia.
Keyword: daya saing, gravity model, udang karang

Judul: Analisis daya saing komoditi udang Indonesia di Pasar Internasional
Abstrak: Indonesia is the country which has a large of ocean territorial in 5,8 million km2 and has a wealthy sea resources which full of nutrients and minerals to supply all the foods of its citizen and also as the national economic power in the future. Shrimp is one of sea resources which not only has a big nutrients for body but also has a high value even in domestic or international market. Based on Depdag (2009) that export value of Indonesia shrimp in 2006 was US$ 943.998.000, US$ 791.854.000 in 2007 and raised to 1.055.805.000 until August, 2008. Although Indonesia shrimp potency was so big, but it has so many export problems until now such as the conquered of Indonesia shrimp market share in USA by Thailand and China, fall out of Indonesia shrimp export price in Japan because of high competition, transhipment accused for Indonesia shrimp export, Europe standardization which aggravated Indonesia shrimp export, and also the quality declining of Indonesia shrimp export in USA because of global crisis. Actually Indonesia shrimp export had filled demand of world market such as USA, Europe and Japan, but for the competitiveness still questioned because so many problems from them. So this research was purposed to analyze the competitiveness of Indonesia shrimp commodity. The research had used quantitative and qualitative analysis. Quantitative analysis used to explain the grade of Indonesia shrimp commodity competitiveness by RCA (Revealed Comparative Analysis). Analysis for the influences factors of the competitiveness Indonesia shrimp export (for giant tiger and vanname shrimp) used OLS (Ordinary Least Square). Qualitative analysis used Porter’s Diamond Theory to analyze potency, problems, and chance which analyzed influence factors of competitiveness Indonesia shrimp commodity (the research objection was giant tiger and vanname shrimp). Indonesia shrimp commodity was produced from dyke (70%) and water sea haul (30%). In its production, for 95% to export and 5% was traded domestically especially in supermarket. At this time Indonesia shrimp which produced from dyke is doing by small trader (the masses) or industry, and less from sea water haul. The region of shrimp production in Indonesia are Java and Sumatra, Papua, a half Maluku, Kalimantan, and South Sulawesi waterseas. From them, Lampung was the major area of Indonesia shrimp production which had produced 40% from the total of national shrimp production. It also became the first area of shrimp production in world scale such as PT Dipasena and PT Centralproteinaprima activity. The market of Indonesia shrimp export was Japan (about 60%), USA (16.5%) and Europe (12.5%). The result of the research showed that Indonesia shrimp commodity has a high grade competitiveness or Indonesia had competitive advantage for its shrimp because the RCA mark was so high in tens. Including the analyzed of Porter’s Diamond Theory showed that Indonesia shrimp commodity had potency in factor condition such as the wealthy of shrimp resources, human resources, capital and superior infrastructure. But in knowledge and technology of Indonesia shrimp commodity still weak because of the less intensive technology system in shrimp production and export technology which not superior if compared with the competitor country
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Judul: Differential Leukocytes in Mice (Mus muscullus) after Amyloid Beta Aβ40 and Aβ42 Immunization as a Marker of Alzheimer’s Disease.
Abstrak: Alzheimer merupakan penyakit neurodegeneratif yang bersifat irreversibel dan progresif yang terkait dengan perubahan sel-sel saraf, sehingga menyebabkan kematian sel otak dan terjadinya demensia. Pengamatan terhadap diferensial leukosit dapat membantu dalam mendiagnosa penyakit ini dengan tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui gambaran diferensial leukosit pada mencit terhadap respon imunisasi amyloid beta Aβ40 dan Aβ42. Penelitian ini menggunakan 22 ekor mencit (Mus muscullus) Balb/c jantan dan betina dengan berat badan 20-35 gr. Mencit dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok yaitu, kelompok mencit kontrol, kelompok mencit vaksinasi antigen amyloid Aβ40 dan kelompok mencit vaksinasi antigen amyloid beta Aβ42. Sampel darah dimabil melalui vena coccygea sebanyak 0,5 ml setiap mencit. Sampel darah diambil pada hari ke-0, 14 dan 24 setelah diimunisasi. Hasil menunjukkan kelompok mencit yang diimunisasi amyloid beta 40 (Aβ40) dan amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42) menyebabkan peningkatan jumlah limfosit dan neutrofil yang signifikan, sedangkan kelompok mencit kontrol tidak menunjukkan perubahan leukosit yang signifikan. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian imunisasi antigen amyloid beta Aβ40 dan Aβ42 pada mencit tidak memengaruhi jumlah basofil, eosinofil, neutrofil batang serta monosit., Alzheimer's is an irreversible and progressive neurodegenerative disease associated with changes in nerve cells, leading to brain cell death and dementia. Observation of differential leukocytes can help in diagnosing the disease precisely. This study aims to find out the differential picture of leukocytes in mice against amyloid beta Aβ40 and Aβ42 immunization responses. This study used 22 mice (Mus muscullus) Balb / c male and female with a weight of 20-35 grams. Mice were divided into three groups, namely, the control mice group, the Aβ40 amyloid antigen vaccination mice group and the Aβ42 amyloid beta antigen vaccination mice group. Blood samples are taken through the coccygea vein as much as 0.5 ml per mice. Blood samples are taken on days 0, 14 and 24 after immunization. Results showed the mice group immunized amyloid beta 40 (Aβ40) and amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42) caused a significant increase in lymphocyte and neutrophil counts, while the control mice group showed no significant leukocyte changes. Based on the observations, it can be concluded that immunization of amyloid beta Aβ40 and Aβ42 antigens on mice does not affect the number of basophils, eosinophils, bar neutrophils and monocytes.
Keyword: Alzheimer, Diferensial leukosit, Amyloid beta, Mencit, Alzheimer's, differential leukocytes, amyloid beta, mice