Judul: Konsentrasi IgY Ayam D2 IPB pada Berbagai Intensitas Parasit Gastrointestinal
Abstrak: Native chickens are more likely to become domesticated livestock and industrial livestock that cannot be replaced by other types of chicken. IPB-D1 chickens are a new breed of native Indonesian chickens created by cross-breeding native chickens and broiler parent stock. The IPB D1 chicken has a high concentration of immunoglobulin IgY and resistance again Newcastle disease infection. IPB D2 chickens are a potential candidate for a new line of selection results from IPB D1 chickens for disease resistance and fast growth. Helminthiasis is a disease caused by helminth infection that causes health problems such as lose weight and production decrease. Helminthiasis can reduce the immune system, so it is necessary to research to determine the IgY concentration of IPB D2 chicken in chickens with various levels of helminth infection. The study aims to investigate the IgY infection in various helminth infections. Twenty-two chickens IPB D2 chicken 27-week-old were used for this research. The faecal and blood sample were collected. Observed data is obtained from blood and faecal sample. The Ig Y titer was measured by the ELISA method, and the presence of helminth was observed by McMaster and simple flotation technique. The result shows that the IgY concentration of IPB D2 chicken was 5.6-12.36 mg/mL, 65% of the chicken was categorized as a high titer of IgY, i.e., > 7.5 mg/mL and the rest (35%) categorized low titer (< 7,5mg/mL). The egg of nematode and cestode was found in the chicken. The genus that was found is Strongyloides, Trichuris and Capillaria. Other gastrointestinal parasites include oocytes and protozoa of the genus Eimeria. Chicken with a high IgY titer has higher infection than chicken with a low IgY. It is indicated that helminth infection induces antibodies by increasing the IgY titer
Keyword: Chicken, Helminth, Immunity, IPB D2 Chicken, Ig Y

Judul: Immune Response of IPB-D1 and IPB-D2 Chicken against Newcastle Disease (ND) Vaccination
Abstrak: Ayam lokal memiliki potensi sangat tinggi peningkatan produktivitasnya. Pengembangan ayam galur baru IPB-D1 dan IPB-D2 sedang dilakukan oleh beberapa peneliti di Fakultas Peternakan dan Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan IPB guna mendapatkan ayam yang lebih unggul dengan ketahanan terhadap penyakit yang lebih baik. Penelitian terdahulu telah menghasilkan galur ayam IPB D1. Para peneliti telah melakukan seleksi terhadap indukan ayam IPB D1 untuk membentuk galur baru ayam IPB D2. Ayam IPB D2 merupakan ayam yang diproduksi dari indukan ayam IPB D1 yang memiliki konsentrasi IgY tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui respon kekebalan pasa ayam IPB-D1 dan IPB-D2 terhadap vaksinasi Newcastle Disease (ND) untuk penentuan program vaksinasi terhadap ayam IPB-D1 dan IPB-D2. Sebanyak masing- masing 12 ekor ayam IPB-D1 dan IPB D2 divaksinasi pada umur 20 minggu dan sampel serum di ambil pada saat sebelum vaksinasi dan 1, 2 serta 3 minggu setelah vaksinasi ND. Serum diuji menggunakan Uji Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) untuk mengukur titer antibodi anti ND. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa titer antibodi terhadap vaksinasi ND pada kedua kelompok ayam terbentuk sejak satu minggu setelah vaksinasi hingga pengamatan terakhir dengan rataan titer lebih dari 24 yang merupakan titer protektif terhadap infeksi ND. Titer masing-masing kelompok menunjukkan tidak adanya perbedaan yang signifikan. Kadar IgY dalam serum induk tidak berpengaruh dalam respons kekebalan terhadap vaksinasi., Local chicken has a very high potential to increase its productivity. The development of lines of local chicken named IPB-D1 and IPB-D2 by researchers of Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB in order to obtain disease resistance has been carried it on. Previous studies have produced IPB D1 chicken lines, researchers have selected IPB-D1 to form a new line of IPB-D2 chickens. chickens are chickens progeny from IPB D1 parent stock chicken which have a high concentration of IgY. This study aimed to determine the immune response of IPB-D1 and IPB-D2 chickens to Newcastle Disease (ND) vaccination and influence of parents IgY concentration in the ND vaccination response to ensure the vaccination program for IPB-D1 and IPB-D2 chickens. Each 35 chickens IPB-D1 and IPB-D2 were vaccinated at 4 and 20 weeks of age. As much as 12 chickens randomly selected from each grup were bleed to collect the serum samples before vaccination and 1, 2 and 3 weeks after second ND vaccination. Serum was tested using the Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) test to measure the anti-ND antibody titer. The results showed that antibody titers against ND vaccination in both groups of chickens were formed since one week after vaccination until the end of observation. The average of titer was more than 24 which was the titer protection against ND infection. The titer of each group showed no significant difference. The level of IgY in the ancestor serum had no effect on the immune response to vaccination.
Keyword: IPB-D1, IPB-D2, Vaksinasi, Newcastle Disease, Antibodi, IPB-D1, IPB-D2, Vaccination, Newcastle Disease, Antibody

Judul: : Persamaan Tunggal sebagai Representasi Kurva Komposit
Abstrak: A mathematical method is introduced to represent a composite curve based on an extension of analytic geometry. The representation is given either with a single equation or with two equations, in the case of parametric representation. This method permits the representation of composite curves in similar manner to the conventional representation of non-composite curves. Some mathematical tools, including Heaviside unit step function and periodizer function, are used in the establishment of a single equation. In this paper, regular equations of regular and irregular polygon, as well as composite curves of two dimensions, are implemented using a computer algebraic system, Mathematica.
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