Manhattan Bridge Capital, Inc. (LOAN, NASDAQ)
Industry: REIT - Mortgage
Annual report, fiscal year 2023


## ANNUAL
REPORT
DECEMBER 31
2 0 2 3

MANHATTAN
BRIDGE CAPITAL
NASDAQ: LOAN

60 Cutter Mill Road, Suite 205
Great Neck, NY 11021
TEL: 516-444-3400
FAX: 516-444-3404
www.manhattanbridgecapital.com



Fellow Shareholders,

As an Israeli American, I have to start by condemning the vicious murders, rapes and kidnappings conducted by the terror organization Hamas on October 7th, 2023. I pray for the release of the hostages, and for the fast recovery of the injured and I offer my sincere condolences to the families of the murdered.

I believe that our financial results for the year 2023 were impressive. We broke our record of both revenue and net earnings, while managing to avoid foreclosures and losses. Our low debt-to-equity ratio had become a major benefit in a high-interest environment, as we don’t pay higher interest on the majority of our capital, while charging higher interest on the entire portfolio.

During the year, our deal flow was impacted by a lower level of activity in the real estate markets in general, offset by a reduced amount of competition. In addition, we experienced an increase in requests to extend performing loans after the completion of their one-year term. The main reason for the extension requests was that a longer period of time is required to sell real estate properties and a longer period of time is required to refinance loans through conventional banks.

Despite a slowdown in the pace of transactions, we didn’t experience a decline in the values of residential properties in our geographic areas of operation. Rather, and surprisingly, due to a shortage of inventory, the impact of inflation and general financial strength, we noticed an increase in property values. Thankfully, we aren’t exposed to the crisis in New York City’s office buildings.

As a real estate investment trust (REIT), we distribute at least 90% of our net earnings to our shareholders; that’s why our growth may be dependent on raising additional equity capital and debt. I’ve stated before, and reiterate now, that in order to protect our highly appreciated existing shareholders, we’ll only be open to offer more shares at a price higher than the previous offering ($7.20). As for raising additional debt, while evaluating opportunities, we’re also sensitive to overleveraging and paying high interest.

I’d like to take the opportunity to express my gratitude to each of you for your trust and support. And to wish everyone a prosperous and peaceful 2024.

All the best,

Assaf Ran

Assaf Ran

Chairman & CEO



## FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This letter and the statements of our representatives included therein, contain or may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Statements that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, words such as “plan,” “project,” “potential,” “seek,” “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “could,” “estimate,” or “continue” are intended to identify forward-looking statements. For example, when we discuss that our low debt-to-equity ratio has become a major benefit in a high-interest environment and the parameters for future equity raises and debt opportunities, we are using forward looking statements. Readers are cautioned that certain important factors may affect the Company’s actual results and could cause such results to differ materially from any forward-looking statements that may be made in this news release. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from those projected, expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including but not limited to the following: (i) our loan origination activities, revenues and profits are limited by available funds; (ii) we operate in a highly competitive market and competition may limit our ability to originate loans with favorable interest rates; (iii) our Chief Executive Officer is critical to our business and our future success may depend on our ability to retain him; (iv) if we overestimate the yields on our loans or incorrectly value the collateral securing the loan, we may experience losses; (v) we may be subject to “lender liability” claims; (vi) our due diligence may not uncover all of a borrower’s liabilities or other risks to its business; (vii) borrower concentration could lead to significant losses; (viii) we may choose to make distributions in our own stock, in which case you may be required to pay income taxes in excess of the cash dividends you receive; and (ix) an increase in interest rates may impact our profitability. The risk factors contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission identify important factors that could cause such differences. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this press release, and we caution potential investors not to place undue reliance on such statements. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by applicable law.



## General

We are a New York-based real estate finance company that specializes in originating, servicing and managing a portfolio of first mortgage loans. We offer short-term, secured, non-banking loans (sometimes referred to as “hard money” loans), which we may renew or extend on, before or after their initial term expires, to real estate investors to fund their acquisition, renovation, rehabilitation or improvement of properties located in the New York metropolitan area, including New Jersey and Connecticut, and in Florida. We are organized and conduct our operations to qualify as a real estate investment trust for federal income tax purposes (“REIT”). We have qualified for taxation as a REIT beginning with our taxable year ended December 31, 2014. For reasons discussed below, our restated certificate of incorporation restricts the acquisition and ownership of our capital stock to 4.0% of our outstanding shares of capital stock, by value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive.

In order to maintain our qualification for taxation as a REIT, we are required to distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income to our shareholders each year. To the extent we distribute less than 100% of our taxable income to our shareholders (but more than 90%) we will maintain our qualification for taxation as a REIT, but the undistributed portion will be subject to regular corporate income taxes. As a REIT, we may also be subject to federal excise taxes and minimum state taxes. We also intend to operate our business in a manner that will permit us to maintain our exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”). In addition, in order for us to qualify for taxation as a REIT, not more than 50% in value of our outstanding common shares may be owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals (as defined in the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) to include certain entities) at any time during the last half of each taxable year, and at least 100 persons must beneficially own our stock during at least 335 days of a taxable year of 12 months, or during a proportionate portion of a shorter taxable year. To help ensure that we meet the tests, our restated certificate of incorporation restricts the acquisition and ownership of our capital stock. The ownership limitation is fixed at 4.0% of our outstanding shares of capital stock, by value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive. Assaf Ran, our Chief Executive Officer and founder, is exempt from this restriction.

The properties securing the loans are generally classified as residential or commercial real estate and, typically, are not income producing. Each loan is secured by a first mortgage lien on real estate. In addition, each loan is personally guaranteed by the principal(s) of the borrower, which guarantee may be collaterally secured by a pledge of the guarantor’s interest in the borrower. The face amount of the loans we originated in the past seven years ranged from $40,000 to a maximum of $3.3 million. Our lending policy limits the maximum amount of any loan to the lower of (i) 9.9% of the aggregate amount of our loan portfolio (not including the loan under consideration) and (ii) $3.5 million. Our loans typically have a maximum initial term of 12 months and bear interest at a fixed rate of 9% to 13.5% per year. In addition, we usually receive origination fees or “points” ranging from 0% to 2% of the original principal amount of the loan as well as other fees relating to underwriting and funding the loan. Interest is always payable monthly, in arrears. In the case of acquisition financing, the principal amount of the loan usually does not exceed 75% of the value of the property (as determined by an independent appraiser) and in the case of construction financing, it is typically up to 80% of construction costs.

Since commencing our business in 2007, except as set forth below, we have never foreclosed on a property, although sometimes we have renewed or extended the term of a loan to enable the borrower to avoid premature sale or refinancing of the property. When we renew or extend a loan, we generally receive additional “points” and other fees. In June 2023, we filed a foreclosure lawsuit relating to one property, as a result of a deed transfer from the borrower to a buyer without our consent. In that instance, the buyer of the property on which we had a valid mortgage suffered a data breach which resulted in the failure of the buyer to remit the funds needed for the loan payoff. In October 2023, we received the entire payoff amount for the loan receivable, including all unpaid fees, to rectify the situation.

Our executive officers are experienced in hard money lending under various economic and market conditions. Loans are underwritten and structured by our Chief Executive Officer, assisted by our Chief Financial Officer, and then managed and serviced principally by our Chief Financial Officer and our internal team. A principal source of new transactions has been repeat business from prior customers and their referral of new business. Loans are originated by our internal team, and we also receive leads for new business from real estate brokers, mortgage brokers and a limited amount of advertising.



Our primary business objective is to grow our loan portfolio while protecting and preserving capital in a manner that provides for attractive risk-adjusted returns to our shareholders over the long term through dividends. We intend to achieve this objective by continuing to selectively originate, fund loans secured by first mortgages on residential and commercial real estate held for investment located in the New York metropolitan area, including New Jersey and Connecticut, and in Florida, and to carefully manage and service our portfolio in a manner designed to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns across a variety of market conditions and economic cycles. We believe that current market dynamics specifically the demand/supply imbalance for relatively small real estate loans, presents opportunities for us to selectively originate high-quality first mortgage loans and we believe that these market conditions should persist for a number of years. We have built our business on a foundation of intimate knowledge of the New York metropolitan area real estate market combined with a disciplined credit and due diligence culture that is designed to protect and preserve capital. We believe that our flexibility and ability to structure loans that address the needs of our borrowers without compromising our standards on credit risk, our expertise, our intimate knowledge of the New York metropolitan area real estate market and our focus on newly originated first mortgage loans, has defined our success until now and should enable us to continue to achieve our objectives.

## The Market Opportunity

Real estate investment is a capital-intensive business that relies heavily on debt capital to acquire, develop, improve, construct, renovate and maintain properties. We believe that the demand for relatively small loans to acquire, renovate or improve residential and commercial real estate held around the New York metropolitan area, including New Jersey and Connecticut, and in Florida markets presents a compelling opportunity to generate attractive returns for an established, well-financed, non-bank lender like us. We have competed successfully in these markets notwithstanding the fact that many traditional lenders, such as banks and other institutional lenders, also service this market. Our primary competitive advantage is our ability to approve and fund loans quickly and efficiently. In this environment, characterized by a supply-demand imbalance for financing and increasing asset values, we believe we are well positioned to capitalize and profit from these industry trends.

We believe there is a significant market opportunity for a well-capitalized “hard money” real estate finance company to originate attractively priced loans with strong credit fundamentals. Particularly around the New York metropolitan area where real estate values are relatively stable and substandard properties are being improved, rehabilitated and renovated, we believe there are many opportunities for a “hard money” lender providing capital for these purposes to small scale developers. We further believe that our flexibility to structure loans to suit the particular needs of our borrowers and our ability to close quickly make us an attractive alternative to banks and other large institutional lenders for small real estate developers and investors.

## Our Business and Growth Strategies

Our objective is to protect and preserve capital in a manner that provides for attractive risk-adjusted returns to our shareholders over the long term, principally through dividends. We intend to achieve this objective by continuing to focus exclusively on selectively originating, servicing and managing a portfolio of short-term real estate loans secured by first mortgages on real estate located in the New York metropolitan area, including New Jersey and Connecticut, and in Florida, that are designed to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns across a variety of market conditions and economic cycles. We believe that our ability to react quickly to the needs of borrowers, our flexibility in terms of structuring loans to meet the needs of borrowers, our intimate knowledge of the New York metropolitan area real estate market, our expertise in “hard money” lending and our focus on newly originated first mortgage loans, should enable us to achieve this objective. Nevertheless, we will remain flexible in order to take advantage of other real estate related opportunities that may arise from time to time, whether they relate to the mortgage market or, if we determine that it is in our best interest, to make direct or indirect investments in real estate.

Our strategy to achieve our objective includes the following:

• capitalize on opportunities created by the long-term structural changes in the real estate lending market and the continuing demand for liquidity in the real estate market;

• take advantage of the prevailing economic environment as well as economic, political and social trends that may impact real estate lending currently and in the future as well as the outlook for real estate in general and particular asset classes;



• remain flexible in order to capitalize on changing sets of investment opportunities that may be present in the various points of an economic cycle; and

• operate so as to qualify for taxation as a REIT and for an exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act.

In furtherance of these strategies, we have a credit line agreement with Webster Business Credit Corporation (“Webster”), Flushing Bank (“Flushing”), and Mizrahi Tefahot Bank Ltd. (“Mizrahi”) whereby Webster, Flushing and Mizrahi have extended us a $32.5 million credit line.

## Our Competitive Strengths

We believe our competitive strengths include:

• Experienced management team. Our management team has successfully originated and serviced a portfolio of real estate mortgage loans generating attractive annual returns under varying economic and real estate market conditions. We expect that the experience of our management team will provide us with the ability to effectively deploy our capital in a manner that we believe will provide for attractive risk-adjusted returns but with a focus on capital preservation and protection.

• Long-standing relationships. A significant portion of our business comes from repeat customers with who we have long-standing relationships. These customers are also a referral source for new borrowers. As long as these customers remain active real estate investors, they provide us with an advantage in securing new business and help us maintain a pipeline to attractive new opportunities that may not be available to many of our competitors or to the general market.

• Knowledge of the market. Our intimate knowledge of the real estate markets in the geographic areas in which we operate enhances our ability to identify attractive opportunities and helps distinguish us from many of our competitors.

• Disciplined lending. We seek to maximize our risk-adjusted returns, and preserve and protect capital, through our disciplined and credit-based approach. We utilize rigorous underwriting and loan closing procedures that include numerous checks and balances to evaluate the risks and merits of each potential transaction. We seek to protect and preserve capital by carefully evaluating the conditions of various properties, property locations, and the creditworthiness of the guarantors.

• Vertically-integrated loan origination platform. We manage and control the loan process from origination through closing with our own personnel and independent legal counsel and appraisers, with whom we have long relationships, who together constitute a highly experienced team in credit evaluation, underwriting and loan structuring. We also believe that our procedures and experience allow us to quickly and efficiently execute opportunities we deem desirable.

• Structuring flexibility. As a relatively small, non-bank real estate lender, we can move quickly and have much more flexibility than traditional lenders to structure loans to suit the needs of our clients. Our ability to customize financing structures to meet borrowers’ needs is one of our key business strengths.

• No legacy issues. Unlike many of our competitors, we are not burdened by distressed legacy real estate assets. We do not have a legacy portfolio of lower-return or problem loans that could potentially dilute the attractive returns we believe are available in the current liquidity-challenged environment and/or distract and monopolize our management team’s time and attention. We do not have any adverse credit exposure to, and we do not anticipate that our performance will be negatively impacted by, previously purchased assets.

## Our Real Estate Lending Activities

Our real estate lending activities involve originating, funding, servicing and managing short-term loans (i.e.: loans with an initial term of not more than one year), secured by first mortgage liens on real estate property located in the New York



metropolitan area, including New Jersey and Connecticut, and in Florida, held for investment or resale. Generally, borrowers use the proceeds from our loans for one of three purposes: (i) to acquire and renovate existing residential (single, two or three family) real estate properties; (ii) to acquire vacant land and construct residential real properties; and (iii) to purchase and hold income producing properties. Our mortgage loans are structured to fit the needs and business plans of the borrowers. Revenue is generated primarily from the interest borrowers pay on our loans and, to a lesser extent, loan fee income generated on the origination and extension of loans.

Most of our loans are funded in full at the closing. However, our loan portfolio includes a number of construction loans, which are only partially funded at closing. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, our unfunded commitment was approximately $7.98 million and $8.58 million, respectively. Advances under construction loans are funded against requests supported by all required documentation as and when needed to pay contractors and other costs of construction. In the case of construction loans, the borrower will either deliver multiple notes or one global note for the entire commitment. In either case, interest only accrues on the funded portion of the loan.

In general, our strategy is to service and manage the loans we originate until they are paid. However, there have been a few instances where we have either used loans as collateral, or sold participating interests in loans. At December 31, 2023, most of our loans are secured by properties located around the New York metropolitan area. Most of the properties we finance are residential, although on occasion they are classified as commercial. However, in all instances the properties are held only for investment by the borrowers. Most of these properties do not generate any cash flow.

The typical terms of our loans are as follows:

Principal amount - In the last seven years, a minimum of $40,000 to a maximum of $3.3 million. Our lending policy limits the maximum loan amount to the lower of (i) 9.9% of the aggregate amount of our loan portfolio (not including the loan under consideration) and (ii) $3.5 million.

Loan-to-Value Ratio - Up to 75%, and/or up to 80% of construction costs.

Interest rate - Most of the loans in our portfolio have a fixed rate of typically 9% to 13.5%.

Term - Generally, one year with early termination in the event of a sale of the property or a refinancing. We entertain requests for granting extensions under certain conditions.

Prepayments - Borrower may prepay the loan at any time beginning three months after the funding date and in some instances, we waive prepayment fees.

Covenants - To timely pay all interest on the loan and to maintain hazard insurance with respect to the property.

Events of default - Include: (i) failure to comply with the loan terms; (ii) breach of a covenant.

Payment terms - Interest only is payable monthly in arrears. Principal is due in a “balloon” payment at the maturity date.

Escrow - None.

Reserves - None.

Security - The loan is evidenced by a promissory note, which is secured by a first mortgage lien on the real property owned by the borrower. In addition, each loan is guaranteed by the principals of the borrower, which may be collaterally secured by a pledge of the guarantor’s interest in the borrower.

Fees and Expenses - Borrowers generally pay an origination fee equal to 0% to 2% of the loan amount. If we agree to extend the term of the loan, we usually collect the same origination fee we charged on the initial funding of the loan. In addition, borrowers in some cases also pay a processing fee, wire fee, bounced check fee, assignment fee and, in the case of construction loans, check requisition fee for each draw from the loan. Finally, the borrower pays all expenses relating to obtaining the loan including the cost of a property appraisal, and all title, recording fees and legal fees.



## Operating Data

The continued increase in interest rates adversely impacts our interest costs, and also results in less competition and less liquidity in the real estate market. We have experienced a slowdown in the deployment of capital, as well as lower demand for new loans. We are increasing the interest rates charged on our commercial loans in order to offset our increased interest costs. In addition, most of our loans contain an adjustable interest rate clause allowing us to charge no less than the prime rate plus 3% on the outstanding loans.

## Our loan portfolio

The following table highlights certain information regarding our real estate lending activities for the periods indicated:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2">(\( in thousands)</td><td colspan="2">Year Ended December 31,</td></tr><tr><td>2023</td><td>2023</td></tr><tr><td>Loans originated</td><td>$ 56,301</td><td>$ 60,916</td></tr><tr><td>Loans repaid</td><td>$ 57,736</td><td>$ 52,147</td></tr><tr><td>Mortgage lending revenues</td><td>$ 9,796</td><td>$ 8,571</td></tr><tr><td>Mortgage lending expenses</td><td>$ 2,528</td><td>$ 1,827</td></tr><tr><td>Number of loans outstanding</td><td>120</td><td>122</td></tr><tr><td>Principal amount of loans earning interest</td><td>$ 73,048</td><td>$ 74,483</td></tr><tr><td>Average outstanding loan balance</td><td>$ 609</td><td>$ 611</td></tr><tr><td>Percent of loans secured by New York metropolitan area properties, including in New Jersey and Connecticut \( ^{(1)} \)</td><td>97.50%</td><td>95.90%</td></tr><tr><td>Weighted average contractual interest rate</td><td>11.49%</td><td>10.44%</td></tr><tr><td>Weighted average term to maturity (in months) \( ^{(2)} \)</td><td>6.77</td><td>6.23</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">(1) Calculated based on the number of loans.</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">(2) Without giving effect to extension options.</td></tr></table>

At December 31, 2023 and 2022, no single loan, borrower or group of affiliated borrowers accounted for more than 10% of our loan portfolio.

The following table sets forth information regarding the types of properties securing our mortgage loans outstanding at December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the interest earned, on the active loans, in each category (dollars in thousands):

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="3">2023</td><td colspan="3">2022</td></tr><tr><td>Number of Loans</td><td>Interest Earned</td><td>Percentage</td><td>Number of Loans</td><td>Interest Earned</td><td>Percentage</td></tr><tr><td>Residential</td><td>111</td><td>$4,504</td><td>84%</td><td>108</td><td>$3,940</td><td>80%</td></tr><tr><td>Commercial</td><td>6</td><td>768</td><td>14%</td><td>8</td><td>721</td><td>15%</td></tr><tr><td>Mixed Use</td><td>3</td><td>90</td><td>2%</td><td>6</td><td>240</td><td>5%</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>120</td><td>$5,362</td><td>100%</td><td>122</td><td>$4,901</td><td>100%</td></tr></table>

## Our Origination Process and Underwriting Criteria

We primarily rely on our relationships with existing and former borrowers, real estate investors, real estate brokers, loan initiators, and mortgage brokers to originate loans. Many of our borrowers are “repeat customers.” When underwriting a loan, the primary focus of our analysis is the value of a property and the credit worthiness of the borrower and its principals. Prior to making a final decision on a loan application we conduct extensive due diligence of the borrower and its principals. In terms of the property, we require an assessment report and evaluation. We also order title, lien and judgment searches. We will also evaluate the neighborhood in order to determine the liquidity of the property. Finally, we analyze and assess financial and operational data provided by the borrower relating to its operation and maintenance of the property. In terms of the borrower and its principals, we usually obtain third party credit reports from one of the major credit reporting services as well as personal financial information provided by the borrower and its principals. We analyze all this information carefully prior to making a final determination. Ultimately, our decision is based on our conclusions regarding the value of the property, which takes into account factors such as the neighborhood in which the property is located, the current use and potential alternative use of the property, current and potential net income from the property, the local market, sales information of comparable properties, existing zoning regulations, the creditworthiness of the borrower and its principals and their experience in real estate ownership, construction, development and management. In conducting our due diligence, we rely, in part, on third party professionals and experts including appraisers, title insurers and attorneys.



Before a loan commitment is issued, the loan must be reviewed and approved by our Chief Executive Officer. Our loan commitments are generally issued subject to receipt by us of title documentation and title report, in a form satisfactory to us, for the underlying property. We require a personal guarantee from the principal or principals of the borrower.

## Our Current Financing Strategies

Our financing strategies are critical to the success and growth of our business. Our financing strategies at this time are limited to equity and debt offerings, as well as lines of credit from banks. Our principal capital raising transactions have consisted of the following:

Credit line. Currently, we have a credit line with Webster, Flushing, and Mizrahi pursuant to which we are eligible to borrow up to $32.5 million against assignments of mortgages and other collateral (the “Webster Credit Line”), as described in Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - “Liquidity and Capital Resources” below. As of December 31, 2023, the interest rates under the Webster Credit Line equaled (i) the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) plus a premium, which rate aggregated 8.96%, including a 0.5% agency fee, or (ii) a Base Rate (as defined in the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement) plus 2.00% plus a 0.5% agency fee, as chosen by the Company for each drawdown. (See Note 5 to the financial statements included elsewhere in this Report.) As of December 31, 2023 and March 4, 2024, $25,152,338 and $25,568,012, respectively, was outstanding under the Webster Credit Line. The following table shows our capitalization, including our financing arrangements, and our loan portfolio as of December 31, 2023:

<table><tr><td colspan="2">Capitalization ($ in thousands):</td></tr><tr><td>Debt:</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Line of credit</td><td>$ 25,152</td></tr><tr><td>Senior secured notes (net of deferred financing costs of $172)</td><td>5,828</td></tr><tr><td>Total debt</td><td>30,980</td></tr><tr><td>Other liabilities</td><td>2,522</td></tr><tr><td>Capital (equity)</td><td>42,933</td></tr><tr><td>Total sources of capital</td><td>$ 76,435</td></tr><tr><td>Assets:</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Loans</td><td>$ 73,048</td></tr><tr><td>Other assets</td><td>3,387</td></tr><tr><td>Total assets</td><td>$ 76,435</td></tr></table>

## Competition

The real estate finance market around the New York metropolitan area is highly competitive. We face competition for lending and investment opportunities from a variety of institutional lenders and investors and many other market participants, including specialty finance companies, mortgage/other REITs, commercial banks and thrift institutions, investment banks, insurance companies, hedge funds and other financial institutions as well as private equity funds, family offices and high net worth individuals. Many of these competitors enjoy competitive advantages over us, including greater name recognition, established lending relationships with customers, financial resources, and access to capital. However, we have seen less competition and less liquidity in the real estate market due to the interest rate increases in recent years. We also believe that we benefit from our low equity-to-debt ratio in the current market condition.

Notwithstanding some of our competitive disadvantages, we believe we have carved a niche for ourselves among small real estate developers, owners and contractors throughout the New York metropolitan area because of our ability to structure each loan to suit the needs of each individual borrower and our ability to act quickly. In addition, we believe we have developed a reputation among these borrowers as offering reasonable terms and providing outstanding customer service. We believe our future success will depend on our ability to maintain and capitalize on our existing relationships with borrowers and brokers and to expand our borrower base by continuing to offer attractive loan products, remain competitive in pricing and terms, and provide superior service.

In addition, we have also begun operating in the New Jersey, Connecticut and Florida markets. As we have not operated in those markets for an extended period of time, we have faced competition from more established lenders, as well as some smaller lenders, in those markets.



## Sales and Marketing

We rely on our internal team to generate lending opportunities as well as referrals from existing or former borrowers, brokers and bankers and advertising to generate lending opportunities. A principal source of new transactions has been repeat business from prior customers and their referral of new leads. We also engage with third parties in order to support sales and marketing efforts as needed.

## Intellectual Property

Our business does not depend on exploiting or leveraging any intellectual property rights. To the extent we own any rights to intellectual property, we rely on a combination of federal, state and common law trademarks, service marks and trade names, copyrights and trade secret protection. We have registered some of our trademarks and service marks in the United States Patent and Trademark Office including “Manhattan Bridge Capital”.

The protective steps we have taken may not deter misappropriation of our proprietary information. These claims, if meritorious, could require us to license other rights or subject us to damages and, even if not meritorious, could result in the expenditure of significant financial and managerial resources on our part.

## Employees

As of December 31, 2023, we employed five employees. In addition, during 2023 we used outside lawyers and other independent professionals to verify titles and ownership, to file liens and to consummate the transactions. Outside appraisers were used to assist management in evaluating the worth of collateral, when deemed necessary by management. We also used construction inspectors as well as mortgage brokers and deal initiators.

## Regulation

Our operations are subject, in certain instances, to supervision and regulation by state and federal governmental authorities and may be subject to various laws and judicial and administrative decisions imposing various requirements and restrictions. In addition, we may rely on exemptions from various requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), the Exchange Act, the Investment Company Act and ERISA. These exemptions are sometimes highly complex and may in certain circumstances depend on compliance by third parties who we do not control.

## Regulation of Commercial Real Estate Lending Activities

Although most states do not regulate commercial finance, certain states impose limitations on interest rates and other charges and on certain collection practices and creditor remedies, and require licensing of lenders and financiers and adequate disclosure of certain contract terms. We also are required to comply with certain provisions of, among other statutes and regulations, certain provisions of the Equal Credit Opportunity Act that are applicable to commercial loans, The USA PATRIOT Act, regulations promulgated by the Office of Foreign Asset Control and federal and state securities laws and regulations.

## Investment Company Act Exemption

Although we reserve the right to modify our business methods at any time, we are not currently required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. However, we cannot assure you that our business strategy will not evolve over time in a manner that could subject us to the registration requirements of the Investment Company Act.

Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act defines an investment company as any issuer that is or holds itself out as being engaged primarily, or proposes to engage primarily, in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the Investment Company Act defines an investment company as any issuer that is engaged or proposes to engage in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding or trading in securities and owns or proposes to acquire investment securities having a value exceeding 40% of the value of the issuer’s total assets (exclusive of U.S. Government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis, which we refer to as the 40% test.



We rely on the exception set forth in Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act which excludes from the definition of investment company “[a]ny person who is not engaged in the business of issuing redeemable securities, face-amount certificates of the installment type or periodic payment plan certificates, and who is primarily engaged in one or more of the following businesses… (C) purchasing or otherwise acquiring mortgages and other liens on and interests in real estate.” This exception generally requires that at least 55% of an entity’s assets be comprised of mortgages and other liens on and interests in real estate, also known as “qualifying interests,” and at least another 25% of the entity’s assets must be comprised of real estate-type interests reduced by any amount of qualifying interests that the entity holds in excess of the 55% minimum limit (with no more than 20% of the entity’s assets comprised of miscellaneous assets). At the present time, we qualify for the exception under this section and our current intention is to continue to focus on originating short-term loans secured by first mortgages on real property. However, if, in the future, we do acquire non-real estate assets without the acquisition of substantial real estate assets, we may be deemed to be an “investment company” and be required to register as such under the Investment Company Act, which could have a material adverse effect on us.

If we were required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act, we would become subject to substantial regulation with respect to our capital structure (including our ability to use leverage), management, operations, transactions with affiliated persons (as defined in the Investment Company Act), portfolio composition, including restrictions with respect to diversification and industry concentration, and other matters.

Qualification for exclusion from the definition of an investment company under the Investment Company Act will limit our ability to make certain investments. In addition, complying with the tests for such exclusion could restrict the time at which we can acquire and sell assets.

## Environmental Laws

Our borrowers, who own properties, may be subject to various environmental laws of federal, state and local governments. To the extent that an owner of a property underlying one of our debt instruments becomes liable for removal costs, the ability of the owner to make payments to us may be reduced, which in turn may adversely affect the value of the relevant mortgage asset held by us and our ability to make distributions to our shareholders. To date, our borrowers’ compliance with existing laws has not had a material adverse effect on our earnings and we do not have reason to believe it will have such an impact in the future. However, we cannot predict the impact of unforeseen environmental contingencies or new or changed laws or regulations on the properties owned by our borrowers.

## Properties

Our executive and principal operating office is located in Great Neck, New York. We use this space for all of our operations. This space is occupied under a lease, as amended, that expires November 30, 2027. The current monthly rent is $5,190, including electricity and real estate taxes. We believe this facility is adequate to meet our requirements at our current level of business activity.



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The following management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained elsewhere in this Report. This discussion contains forward-looking statements based on current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results and the timing of certain events may differ significantly from those projected in such forward-looking statements.

## Overview

We are a New York-based real estate finance company taxed as a REIT that specializes in originating, servicing and managing a portfolio of first mortgage loans. We offer short-term, secured, non-banking loans (sometimes referred to as “hard money” loans), which we may renew or extend on, before or after their initial term expires, to real estate investors to fund their acquisition, renovation, rehabilitation or development of residential or commercial properties located in the New York metropolitan area, including New Jersey and Connecticut, and in Florida. As a REIT, we are required to distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income to our shareholders on an annual basis.

In order to maintain our qualification for taxation as a REIT, we are required to distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income to our shareholders each year. To the extent we distribute less than 100% of our taxable income to our shareholders (but more than 90%) we will maintain our qualification for taxation as a REIT, but the undistributed portion will be subject to regular corporate income taxes. As a REIT, we may also be subject to federal excise taxes and minimum state taxes. We also intend to operate our business in a manner that will permit us to maintain our exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act. In addition, in order for us to qualify for taxation as a REIT, not more than 50% in value of our outstanding common shares may be owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals (as defined in the Code to include certain entities) at any time during the last half of each taxable year, and at least 100 persons must beneficially own our stock during at least 335 days of a taxable year of 12 months, or during a proportionate portion of a shorter taxable year. To help ensure that we meet the tests, our restated certificate of incorporation restricts the acquisition and ownership of our capital stock. The ownership limitation is fixed at 4.0% of our outstanding shares of capital stock, by value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive.

The properties securing the loans are generally classified as residential or commercial real estate and, typically, are not income producing. Each loan is secured by a first mortgage lien on real estate. In addition, each loan is personally guaranteed by the principal(s) of the borrower, which guarantee may be collaterally secured by a pledge of the guarantor’s interest in the borrower. The face amount of the loans we originated in the past seven years ranged from $40,000 to a maximum of $3.3 million. Our lending policy limits the maximum amount of any loan to the lower of (i) 9.9% of the aggregate amount of our loan portfolio (not including the loan under consideration) and (ii) $3.5 million. Our loans typically have a maximum initial term of 12 months bearing interest at a fixed rate of 9% to 13.5% per year. In addition, we usually receive origination fees or “points” ranging from 0% to 2% of the original principal amount of the loan as well as other fees relating to underwriting and funding the loan. Interest is always payable monthly, in arrears. In the case of acquisition financing, the principal amount of the loan usually does not exceed 75% of the value of the property (as determined by an independent appraiser) and in the case of construction financing, it is typically up to 80% of construction costs.

Since commencing this business in 2007, we have made over 1,220 loans and never foreclosed on a property, except as set forth below, although sometimes we have renewed or extended our loans to enable the borrower to avoid premature sale or refinancing of the property. When we renew or extend a loan, we receive additional “points” and other fees.

During February 2023, the Company sold one of its loans receivable to a third-party investor at its face value of $485,000. Mr. Assaf Ran, the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer, participated in such acquisition in the amount of $152,000. In addition, in June 2023, the Company filed a foreclosure lawsuit relating to one property, as a result of a deed transfer from the borrower to a buyer without the Company’s consent. In that instance, the buyer of the property on which the Company had a valid mortgage suffered a data breach which resulted in the failure of the buyer to remit the funds needed for the loan payoff. In October 2023, the Company received the entire payoff amount for the loan receivable, including all unpaid fees, to rectify the situation.



Our primary business objective is to grow our loan portfolio while protecting and preserving capital in a manner that provides for attractive risk-adjusted returns to our shareholders over the long term through dividends. We intend to achieve this objective by continuing to selectively originate loans and carefully manage our portfolio of first mortgage real estate loans in a manner designed to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns across a variety of market conditions and economic cycles. We believe that the demand for relatively small loans secured by residential and commercial real estate held for investment around the New York metropolitan market, including New Jersey and Connecticut, and in the Florida market remains relatively strong, but weakened due to the continued increase in interest-rates. In that regard, we have observed a steady increase in interest rates on our debt which, if it continues, may have an impact on our income, as well as may impact the rate of our dividends. Our ability to close deals fast has created an opportunity for non-bank “hard money” real estate lenders like us to selectively originate high-quality first mortgage loans and this condition should persist for a number of years.

We have built our business on a foundation of intimate knowledge of the New York metropolitan area real estate market combined with a disciplined credit and due diligence culture that is designed to protect and preserve capital. We believe that our flexibility in terms of meeting the needs of borrowers without compromising our standards on credit risk, our expertise, our intimate knowledge of the New York metropolitan area real estate market and our focus on newly originated first mortgage loans, has defined our success until now and should enable us to continue to achieve our objectives.

A principal source of new transactions has been repeat business from prior customers and their referral of new business. We also receive leads for new business from banks, brokers and a limited amount of advertising. Finally, our Chief Executive Officer also spends a significant portion of his time on new business development. We rely on our own employees, independent legal counsel, and other independent professionals to verify titles and ownership, to file liens and to consummate the transactions. Outside appraisers are used to assist us in evaluating the worth of collateral, when deemed necessary by management. We also use construction inspectors.

As of December 31, 2023, we were committed to $7,978,089 in construction loans that can be drawn by our borrowers when certain conditions are met.

To date, none of the loans previously made have been non-collectable, although no assurances can be given that existing or future loans may not prove to be non-collectible or foreclosed in the future.

## Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management will base the use of estimates on (a) a preset number of assumptions that consider past experience, (b) future projections, and (c) general financial market conditions. Actual amounts could differ from those estimates.

Interest income from commercial loans is recognized, as earned, over the loan period.

Origination fee revenue on commercial loans is amortized over the term of the respective note.

Effective January 1, 2020, we adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326). The ASU introduced a new credit loss methodology, Current Expected Credit Losses (“CECL”), which requires earlier recognition of credit losses, while also providing additional transparency about credit risk. Management estimates our CECL reserve primarily using the Weighted Average Remaining Maturity (“WARM”) method, which requires reference to historic loss data taking into consideration expected economic conditions over the relevant timeframe. Application of the WARM method to estimate a CECL reserve requires judgment, including (i) the appropriate historical loan loss reference data, (ii) the expected timing and amount of future loan fundings and repayments, and (iii) the current credit quality of our loan portfolio and expectations of performance and market conditions over the relevant time period. In addition, management reviews each loan on a quarterly basis and evaluates the borrower’s ability to pay the monthly interest, the borrower’s likelihood of executing the original exit strategy, as well as the loan-to-value ratio. Failure to properly measure an allowance for credit losses could result in the overstatement of earnings and the carrying value of the loans receivable. Actual losses, if any, could differ significantly from estimated amounts.



We continually monitor events and changes in circumstances that could indicate that the carrying amounts of long-lived assets, including intangible assets, may not be recoverable. When such events or changes in circumstances occur, we assess the recoverability of long-lived assets by determining whether the carrying value of such assets will be recovered through undiscounted expected future cash flows. If the total of the undiscounted cash flows is less than the carrying amount of these assets, we recognize an impairment loss based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the assets.

There are also areas in which in management’s judgment in selecting any available alternative would not produce a materially different result. See our audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto which begin on page F-1 of this Report, which contain accounting policies and other disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

## Results of operations

## Years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022

## Total revenue

Total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023, was approximately $9,796,000, compared to approximately $8,571,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022, an increase of $1,225,000, or 14.3%. The increase in revenue was due to higher interest rates charged on our commercial loans. In 2023, approximately $7,976,000 of our revenue represents interest income on secured, real estate loans that we offer to real estate investors compared to approximately $6,773,000 in 2022, and approximately $1,820,000 represents origination fees on such loans, compared to approximately $1,798,000 in 2022. The loans are principally secured by collateral consisting of real estate and accompanied by personal guarantees from the principals of the borrowers.

## Interest and amortization of deferred financing costs

Interest and amortization of deferred financing costs for the year ended December 31, 2023, were approximately $2,526,000, compared to approximately $1,823,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022, an increase of $703,000, or 38.6%. The increase is primarily attributable to the increase in interest expense due to higher interest rates and increases in amounts borrowed relating to the use of the Webster Credit Line. (See Note 5 to the financial statements included elsewhere in this Report).

## General and administrative expenses

General and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2023, were approximately $1,825,000, compared to approximately $1,549,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022, an increase of $276,000, or 17.8%. This increase is primarily attributable to a special bonus to officers for extending the Webster Credit Line as well as an annual bonus in 2023, totaling approximately $195,000, and increases in marketing, insurance, travel and meals expenses, partially offset by a decrease in advertising expense.

## Net income

Net income for the year ended December 31, 2023, was approximately $5,476,000, compared to approximately $5,212,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022, an increase of $264,000, or 5.1%. This increase is primarily attributable to the increase in interest income from loans, partially offset by the increases in interest expense and in general and administrative expenses.

## Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, we had cash of approximately $104,000, not including restricted cash, which mainly represents collections received, pending clearance, from the Company’s commercial loans and is primarily dedicated to the reduction of the Webster Credit Line.



For the year ended December 31, 2023, net cash provided by operating activities was approximately $5,608,000, compared to approximately $5,167,000 of net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2022. The increase in net cash provided by operating activities primarily resulted from the increases in net income and deferred origination fees, partially offset by the changes in interest receivable on loans as well as accounts payable and accrued expenses.

For the year ended December 31, 2023, net cash provided by investing activities was approximately $1,430,000, compared to approximately $8,771,000 of net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2022. Net cash provided by investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2023, mainly consisted of collection of our commercial loans of approximately $57,736,000, offset by the issuance of our short-term commercial loans of approximately $56,301,000. Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2022, mainly consisted of the issuance of our short-term commercial loans of approximately $60,916,000, offset by collection of our commercial loans of approximately $52,147,000.

For the year ended December 31, 2023, net cash used in financing activities was approximately $5,450,000, compared to approximately $3,565,000 of net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2022. Net cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2023, reflects dividend payments of approximately $5,308,000, purchase of treasury shares of approximately $262,000 and cash paid for deferred financing costs of approximately $38,000, offset by proceeds from the Webster Credit Line of approximately $158,000. Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2022, reflects net proceeds from the Webster Credit Line of an aggregate of approximately $9,348,000, offset by dividend payments of approximately $5,747,000 and cash paid for deferred financing costs of approximately $36,000.

Our Amended and Restated Credit and Security Agreement with Webster, Flushing Bank and Mizrahi (the “Lenders”), provides for the Webster Credit Line. Currently, the Webster Credit Line provides us with a credit line of $32.5 million in the aggregate until February 28, 2026, secured by assignments of mortgages and other collateral. The interest rates relating to the Webster Credit Line equal (i) SOFR plus a premium, which rate aggregated approximately 8.96%, including a 0.5% agency fee, as of December 31, 2023, or (ii) a Base Rate (as defined in the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement) plus 2.00% and a 0.5% agency fee, as chosen by the Company for each drawdown.

The Webster Credit Line contains various covenants and restrictions including, among other covenants and restrictions, limiting the amount that the Company can borrow relative to the value of the underlying collateral, maintaining various financial ratios and limitations on the terms of loans the Company makes to its customers, limiting the Company’s ability to pay dividends under certain circumstances, and limiting the Company’s ability to repurchase its common shares, sell assets, engage in mergers or consolidations, grant liens, and enter into transactions with affiliates. In addition, the Webster Credit Line contains a cross default provision which will deem any default under any indebtedness owed by us or our subsidiary, MBC Funding II, as a default under the credit line. Under the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, the Company may repurchase, redeem or otherwise retire its equity securities in an amount not to exceed ten percent of our annual net income from the prior fiscal year. Further, the Company may issue up to $20 million in bonds through its subsidiary, of which not more than $10 million of such bonds may be secured by mortgage notes receivable, and provided that the terms and conditions of such bonds are approved by Webster, subject to its reasonable discretion.

On January 31, 2023, we entered into another amendment, effective as of January 2, 2023, with respect to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with the Lenders and Mr. Ran, as guarantor, to (i) extend the maturity date of the credit line by three years to February 28, 2026; (ii) transition the applicable benchmark from LIBOR to SOFR and adjust the applicable margin with respect to Base Rate Loans and SOFR Loans; (iii) update the required calculation with respect to the fixed charge coverage ratio covenant; (iv) further increase the limit on individual loans and the concentration of any mortgagor (together with guarantors and other related entities and affiliates); and (v) eliminate the requirement to pledge an additional mortgage loans as collateral for the credit line. In addition, the terms of the personal guaranty provided by Mr. Ran were amended such that the potential sums owed under such guaranty will not exceed the sum of $1,000,000 plus any costs relating to the enforcement of the personal guaranty.

We were in compliance with all covenants of the Webster Credit Line, as amended, as of December 31, 2023. At December 31, 2023, the outstanding amount under the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement was $25,152,338. The interest rate on the amount outstanding fluctuates daily. The rate, including a 0.5% agency fee, as of December 31, 2023 was approximately 8.96%.



MBC Funding II has $6,000,000 of outstanding principal amount of Notes. The Notes mature on April 22, 2026, unless redeemed earlier, and accrue interest at a rate of 6% per annum commencing on May 16, 2016 and will be payable monthly, in arrears, in cash, on the 15th day of each calendar month, commencing June 2016.

Under the terms of the Indenture, the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the mortgage loans held by MBC Funding II, together with its cash on hand, must always equal at least 120% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the Notes at all times. To the extent the aggregate principal amount of the mortgage loans owned by MBC Funding II plus its cash on hand is less than 120% of the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the Notes, MBC Funding II is required to repay, on a monthly basis, the principal amount of the Notes equal to the amount necessary such that, after giving effect to such repayment, the aggregate principal amount of all mortgage loans owned by it plus, its cash on hand at such time is equal to or greater than 120% of the outstanding principal amount of the Notes. For this purpose, each mortgage loan is deemed to have a value equal to its outstanding principal balance, unless the borrower is in default of its obligations.

The Notes are secured by a first priority lien on all of MBC Funding II’s assets, including, primarily, mortgage notes, mortgages and other transaction documents entered into in connection with first mortgage loans originated and funded by us, which MBC Funding II acquired from MBC pursuant to an asset purchase agreement. MBC Funding II may redeem the Notes, in whole or in part, at any time after April 22, 2019 upon at least 30 days prior written notice to the noteholders. The redemption price will be equal to the outstanding principal amount of the Notes redeemed plus the accrued but unpaid interest thereon up to, but not including, the date of redemption, without penalty or premium. No Notes were redeemed by MBC Funding II as of December 31, 2023.

Each Noteholder had the right to cause MBC Funding II to redeem his, her or its Notes on April 22, 2021 by notifying MBC Funding II in writing, no earlier than November 22, 2020 and no later than January 22, 2021. No Noteholder exercised such right during the required time frame and as such the Notes are no longer redeemable by the Noteholders.

MBC Funding II is obligated to offer to redeem the Notes if there occurs a “change of control” with respect to us or MBC Funding II or if we or MBC Funding II sell any assets unless, in the case of an asset sale, the proceeds are reinvested in the business of the seller. The redemption price in connection with a “change of control” will be 101% of the principal amount of the Notes redeemed plus accrued but unpaid interest thereon up to, but not including, the date of redemption. The redemption price in connection with an asset sale will be the outstanding principal amount of the Notes redeemed plus accrued but unpaid interest thereon up to, but not including, the date of redemption.

We guarantee MBC Funding II’s obligations under the Notes, which are secured by our pledge of 100% of the outstanding common shares of MBC Funding II that we own.

On April 11, 2023, our board of directors authorized a share buyback program for the repurchase of up to 100,000 of our common shares in the next twelve months. As of December 31, 2023, we have purchased an aggregate of 54,294 common shares under this repurchase program, at an aggregate cost of approximately $262,000.



## Outlook

The interest rate on the Notes is fixed and the interest rate under the Webster Credit Line is adjustable. The high level of SOFR rates adversely impacts our interest costs. We have experienced a slowdown in the deployment of capital and lower demand for new loans. We are increasing the interest rates charged on our commercial loans in order to offset our increased interest costs. In addition, most of our loans contain an adjustable interest rate clause allowing us to charge no less than the prime rate plus 3% on the outstanding loans. We also believe that we benefit from our low equity-to-debt ratio in the current market condition.

We anticipate that our current cash balances and the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, as described above, together with our cash flows from operations will be sufficient to fund our operations for the next 12 months. In addition, from time to time, we receive short-term unsecured loans from our executive officers and others in order to provide us with the flexibility necessary to maintain a steady deployment of capital. However, we expect our working capital requirements to increase over the next 12 months as we continue to strive for growth at the right condition.



# Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

## REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of

Manhattan Bridge Capital, Inc.

## Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Manhattan Bridge Capital, Inc. and Subsidiary (the "Company") as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2023, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2023, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

## Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

## Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of the critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the account or disclosures to which it relates.

## Allowance for Credit Losses

As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company estimates its allowance for credit losses on its loans receivable primarily using the Weighted Average Remaining Maturity (WARM) method along with consideration of other variables. Based on these assessments, the Company determined that no allowance for credit losses is required.

The allowance for credit losses was identified by us as a critical audit matter because of the extent of auditor judgment applied and significant audit effort to evaluate the subjective and complex judgments made by management in determining whether any of its loans receivable are impaired and/or require an allowance for credit losses.

Addressing the critical audit matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included evaluating the appropriateness of the method and other variables used, testing the application of the method and other variables used, as well as testing the accuracy of data used with respect to the method and other variables. These procedures also included, with the assistance of outside valuation specialists, as well as utilization of independent empirical data, evaluating significant judgments applied by management in determining whether indicators of impairment were present, with respect to the Company's loan portfolio and the underlying collateral, by obtaining evidence to corroborate such judgments and searching for evidence contrary to such judgments.

Abman CPA's, LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditors since 2007.



## MANHATTAN BRIDGE CAPITAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
December 31, 2023 and 2022

<table><tr><td>Assets</td><td>2023</td><td>2022</td></tr><tr><td>Loans receivable</td><td>$ 73,048,403</td><td>$ 74,483,463</td></tr><tr><td>Interest receivable on loans</td><td>1,395,905</td><td>1,363,502</td></tr><tr><td>Cash</td><td>104,222</td><td>103,540</td></tr><tr><td>Cash - restricted</td><td>1,587,773</td><td>---</td></tr><tr><td>Other assets</td><td>63,636</td><td>59,566</td></tr><tr><td>Operating lease right-of-use asset, net</td><td>207,364</td><td>262,222</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred financing costs, net</td><td>27,583</td><td>7,708</td></tr><tr><td>Total assets</td><td>$ 76,434,886</td><td>$ 76,280,001</td></tr><tr><td>Liabilities and Stockholders&#x27; Equity</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Liabilities:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Line of credit</td><td>$ 25,152,338</td><td>$ 24,994,234</td></tr><tr><td>Senior secured notes (net of deferred financing costs of $172,069 and $247,155, respectively)</td><td>5,827,931</td><td>5,752,845</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred origination fees</td><td>719,019</td><td>669,128</td></tr><tr><td>Accounts payable and accrued expenses</td><td>295,292</td><td>289,868</td></tr><tr><td>Operating lease liability</td><td>220,527</td><td>273,485</td></tr><tr><td>Dividends payable</td><td>1,287,073</td><td>1,436,868</td></tr><tr><td>Total liabilities</td><td>33,502,180</td><td>33,416,428</td></tr><tr><td>Commitments and contingencies</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Stockholders&#x27; equity:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Preferred shares - $.01 par value; 5,000,000 shares</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>authorized; none issued</td><td>---</td><td>---</td></tr><tr><td>Common shares - $.001 par value; 25,000,000 shares</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>authorized; 11,757,058 issued; 11,440,651 and 11,494,945</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>outstanding, respectively</td><td>11,757</td><td>11,757</td></tr><tr><td>Additional paid-in capital</td><td>45,548,876</td><td>45,535,811</td></tr><tr><td>Less: Treasury stock, at cost - 316,407 and 262,113 shares</td><td>(1,060,606)</td><td>(798,939)</td></tr><tr><td>Accumulated deficit</td><td>(1,567,321)</td><td>(1,885,056)</td></tr><tr><td>Total stockholders&#x27; equity</td><td>42,932,706</td><td>42,863,573</td></tr><tr><td>Total liabilities and stockholders&#x27; equity</td><td>$ 76,434,886</td><td>$ 76,280,001</td></tr></table>

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.



## MANHATTAN BRIDGE CAPITAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED December 31, 2023 and 2022

<table><tr><td></td><td>2023</td><td>2022</td></tr><tr><td>Revenue:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Interest income from loans</td><td>$ 7,976,232</td><td>$ 6,772,889</td></tr><tr><td>Origination fees</td><td>1,820,024</td><td>1,798,075</td></tr><tr><td>Total Revenue</td><td>9,796,256</td><td>8,570,964</td></tr><tr><td>Operating costs and expenses:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Interest and amortization of deferred financing costs</td><td>2,525,935</td><td>1,822,825</td></tr><tr><td>Referral fees</td><td>2,153</td><td>4,500</td></tr><tr><td>General and administrative expenses</td><td>1,825,227</td><td>1,549,251</td></tr><tr><td>Total operating costs and expenses</td><td>4,353,315</td><td>3,376,576</td></tr><tr><td>Income from operations</td><td>5,442,941</td><td>5,194,388</td></tr><tr><td>Other income</td><td>33,880</td><td>18,000</td></tr><tr><td>Income before income tax expense</td><td>5,476,821</td><td>5,212,388</td></tr><tr><td>Income tax expense</td><td>(650)</td><td>(650)</td></tr><tr><td>Net income</td><td>$ 5,476,171</td><td>$ 5,211,738</td></tr><tr><td>Basic and diluted net income per common share outstanding:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>--Basic</td><td>$0.48</td><td>$0.45</td></tr><tr><td>--Diluted</td><td>$0.48</td><td>$0.45</td></tr><tr><td>Weighted average number of common shares outstanding</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>--Basic</td><td>11,469,741</td><td>11,494,945</td></tr><tr><td>--Diluted</td><td>11,469,741</td><td>11,494,945</td></tr></table>

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.



## MANHATTAN BRIDGE CAPITAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
FOR THE YEARS ENDED December 31, 2023 and 2022

<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="2">Common Stock</td><td>Additional Paid-in Capital</td><td colspan="2">Treasury Stock</td><td>Accumulated Deficit</td><td>Totals</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Shares</td><td>Amount</td><td></td><td>Shares</td><td>Cost</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Balance, January 1, 2022</td><td>11,757,058</td><td>$11,757</td><td>$45,522,746</td><td>262,113</td><td>($798,939)</td><td>($1,349,322)</td><td>$43,386,242</td></tr><tr><td>Non-cash compensation</td><td></td><td></td><td>13,065</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>13,065</td></tr><tr><td>Dividends paid</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>(4,310,604)</td><td>(4,310,604)</td></tr><tr><td>Dividends declared and payable</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>(1,436,868)</td><td>(1,436,868)</td></tr><tr><td>Net income for the year ended December 31, 2022</td><td>——</td><td>——</td><td>——</td><td>——</td><td>——</td><td>5,211,738</td><td>5,211,738</td></tr><tr><td>Balance, December 31, 2022</td><td>11,757,058</td><td>11,757</td><td>45,535,811</td><td>262,113</td><td>(798,939)</td><td>(1,885,056)</td><td>42,863,573</td></tr><tr><td>Purchase of treasury shares</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>54,294</td><td>(261,667)</td><td></td><td>(261,667)</td></tr><tr><td>Non-cash compensation</td><td></td><td></td><td>13,065</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>13,065</td></tr><tr><td>Dividends paid</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>(3,871,363)</td><td>(3,871,363)</td></tr><tr><td>Dividends declared and payable</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>(1,287,073)</td><td>(1,287,073)</td></tr><tr><td>Net income for the year ended December 31, 2023</td><td>——</td><td>——</td><td>——</td><td>——</td><td>——</td><td>5,476,171</td><td>5,476,171</td></tr><tr><td>Balance, December 31, 2023</td><td>11,757,058</td><td>$11,757</td><td>$45,548,876</td><td>316,407</td><td>($1,060,606)</td><td>($1,567,321)</td><td>$42,932,706</td></tr></table>

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.



## MANHATTAN BRIDGE CAPITAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED December 31, 2023 and 2022

<table><tr><td></td><td>2023</td><td>2022</td></tr><tr><td>Cash flows from operating activities:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Net income</td><td>$ 5,476,171</td><td>$ 5,211,738</td></tr><tr><td>Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities -</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Amortization of deferred financing costs</td><td>93,403</td><td>113,736</td></tr><tr><td>Depreciation</td><td>4,057</td><td>2,307</td></tr><tr><td>Non-cash compensation expense</td><td>13,065</td><td>13,065</td></tr><tr><td>Adjustment to operating lease right-of-use asset and liability</td><td>1,900</td><td>4,096</td></tr><tr><td>Changes in operating assets and liabilities:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Interest receivable on loans</td><td>(32,403)</td><td>(408,059)</td></tr><tr><td>Other assets</td><td>(3,042)</td><td>5,742</td></tr><tr><td>Accounts payable and accrued expenses</td><td>5,424</td><td>135,699</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred origination fees</td><td>49,891</td><td>88,667</td></tr><tr><td>Net cash provided by operating activities</td><td>5,608,466</td><td>5,166,991</td></tr><tr><td>Cash flows from investing activities:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Issuance of short term loans</td><td>(56,301,376)</td><td>(60,915,596)</td></tr><tr><td>Collections received from loans</td><td>57,736,436</td><td>52,147,497</td></tr><tr><td>Purchase of fixed assets</td><td>(5,085)</td><td>(2,871)</td></tr><tr><td>Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities</td><td>1,429,975</td><td>(8,770,970)</td></tr><tr><td>Cash flows from financing activities:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Proceeds from line of credit, net</td><td>158,104</td><td>9,348,264</td></tr><tr><td>Dividends paid</td><td>(5,308,231)</td><td>(5,747,472)</td></tr><tr><td>Purchase of treasury shares</td><td>(261,667)</td><td>---</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred financing costs incurred</td><td>(38,192)</td><td>(35,819)</td></tr><tr><td>Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities</td><td>(5,449,986)</td><td>3,564,973</td></tr><tr><td>Net increase (decrease) in cash and restricted cash</td><td>1,588,455</td><td>(39,006)</td></tr><tr><td>Cash, beginning of year</td><td>103,540</td><td>142,546</td></tr><tr><td>Cash and restricted cash, end of year*</td><td>$ 1,691,995</td><td>$ 103,540</td></tr><tr><td>Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cash paid for taxes during the year</td><td>$ 650</td><td>$ 650</td></tr><tr><td>Cash paid for interest during the year</td><td>$ 2,423,838</td><td>$ 1,581,935</td></tr><tr><td>Cash paid for operating leases during the year</td><td>$ 64,055</td><td>$ 63,621</td></tr><tr><td>Supplemental Schedule of Noncash Financing Activities:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Dividend declared and payable</td><td>$1,287,073</td><td>$1,436,868</td></tr><tr><td>* At December 31, 2023, cash and restricted cash included $1,587,773 of restricted cash.</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.</td><td></td><td></td></tr></table>



# MANHATTAN BRIDGE CAPITAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2023 and 2022

## 1. The Company

Manhattan Bridge Capital, Inc. (“MBC”) and its wholly-owned subsidiary, MBC Funding II Corp. (“MBC Funding”) (collectively, the “Company”), offer short-term, secured, non-banking loans (sometimes referred to as “hard money” loans) to real estate investors to fund their acquisition, renovation, rehabilitation or development of residential or commercial properties located in the New York metropolitan area, including New Jersey and Connecticut, and in Florida.

## 2. Significant Accounting Policies

## Basis of Presentation

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”).

## Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Manhattan Bridge Capital, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, MBC Funding. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

## Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management will base the use of estimates on (a) a preset number of assumptions that consider past experience, (b) future projections, and (c) general financial market conditions. Actual amounts could differ from those estimates.

## Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and short-term commercial loans.

The Company maintains its cash with major financial institutions. Accounts at the financial institutions are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) up to $250,000 per depositor.

Credit risks associated with short-term commercial loans the Company makes to real estate investors and related interest receivable are described in Note 4.

## Allowance for Credit Losses

Effective January 1, 2020, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 326).” The ASU introduced a new credit loss methodology, Current Expected Credit Losses (“CECL”), which requires earlier recognition of credit losses, while also providing additional transparency about credit risk. The CECL methodology utilizes a lifetime “expected credit loss” methodology for the recognition of credit losses for loans and other receivables at the time the financial asset is originated or acquired. The expected credit losses are adjusted each period for changes in expected lifetime credit losses. This method replaces the multiple existing impairment methods in current U.S. GAAP, which generally require a loss be incurred before it is recognized.



The Company estimates its CECL reserve primarily using the Weighted Average Remaining Maturity (“WARM”) method, which has been identified as an acceptable loss-rate method for estimating CECL reserves in the Financial Accounting Standards Board Staff Q&A ASC 326, No.1. The WARM method requires reference to historic loss data taking into consideration expected economic conditions over the relevant timeframe. The Company applies the WARM method for the majority of its loan portfolio, which loans share similar risk characteristics.

Application of the WARM method to estimate a CECL reserve requires judgment, including (i) the appropriate historical loan loss reference data, (ii) the expected timing and amount of future loan fundings and repayments, and (iii) the current credit quality of the Company’s loan portfolio and expectations of performance and market conditions over the relevant time period. To estimate the historic loan losses relevant to the Company’s portfolio, the Company reviews its historical loan performance, which includes zero realized principal losses since the inception of the Company’s business. In addition, the Company reviews each loan on a quarterly basis and evaluates the borrower’s ability to pay the monthly interest, the borrower’s likelihood of executing the original exit strategy, as well as the loan-to-value ratio. Based on these analyses, as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, no allowance for credit losses is required. Failure to properly measure an allowance for credit losses could result in the overstatement of earnings and the carrying value of the loans receivable. Actual losses, if any, could differ significantly from estimated amounts.

Accrued interest receivable on loans receivable is excluded from the estimate of credit losses.

## Income Taxes

The Company follows ASC Sub-Topic 740-10, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes”, which prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken, or expected to be taken, in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company has no material uncertain tax positions to be accounted for in the consolidated financial statements. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions, if any, as part of income tax expense.

The Company is organized and conducts its operations to qualify as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for federal income tax purposes. The Company elected to be taxed as a REIT commencing with its taxable year ended December 31, 2014. A REIT calculates taxable income similar to other domestic corporations, with the major difference being a REIT is entitled to a deduction for dividends paid. A REIT is generally required to distribute each year at least 90% of its REIT taxable income. If it chooses to retain the remaining 10% of taxable income, it may do so, but it will be subject to a corporate income tax on such income. The Company may be subject to federal excise tax and minimum state taxes.

## Revenue Recognition

Interest income from commercial loans is recognized, as earned, over the loan period.

Origination fee revenue on commercial loans is amortized over the term of the respective note.

## Deferred Financing Costs

The Company presents deferred financing costs, excluding those incurred in connection with its line of credit, in the consolidated balance sheet as a direct reduction from the related debt liability rather than an asset, in accordance with ASU 2015-03, “Interest – Imputation of Interest (ASC Sub-Topic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs.” These costs, incurred in connection with the issuance of the Company’s senior secured notes, are being amortized over ten years, using the straight-line method, as the difference between use of the effective interest method is not material. The amortization of loan costs are included in interest and amortization of deferred financing costs in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

Deferred financing costs in connection with the Company’s Amended and Restated Credit and Security Agreement, as amended (the “Amended and Restated Credit Agreement”), with Webster Business Credit Corporation (“Webster”), Flushing Bank (“Flushing”) and Mizrahi Tefahot Bank Ltd (“Mizrahi”), which established the Company’s credit line (the “Webster Credit Line”), as discussed in Note 5, are presented as an asset in the balance sheet, in accordance with ASU 2015-15, “Interest – Imputation of Interest (ASC Sub-Topic 835-30): Presentation and Subsequent Measurement of Debt Issuance Costs Associated With Line of Credit Arrangements.” These costs are being amortized over the term of the respective agreement, using the straight-line method.



## Earnings Per Share (“EPS”)

Basic and diluted EPS are calculated in accordance with ASC 260, “Earnings Per Share.” Under ASC 260, basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS includes the potential dilution from the exercise of stock options and warrants for common shares using the treasury stock method. The numerator in calculating both basic and diluted EPS for each year is the reported net income. There were no outstanding stock options or warrants at December 31, 2023 and 2022.

## Stock-Based Compensation

The Company measured and recognized compensation awards for all stock option grants made to employees and directors, based on their fair value in accordance with ASC 718, “Compensation - Stock Compensation” (“ASC 718”), which establishes standards for the accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services. A key provision of this statement is to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments (including stock options) based on the grant-date fair value of the award. The cost will be recognized over the service period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award (i.e., the requisite service period or vesting period). The Company accounts for equity instruments issued to non-employees in accordance with the provisions of ASC 718 and ASC Sub-Topic 505-50, “Equity-Based Payment to Non-Employees.” All transactions with non-employees in which goods or services are the consideration received for the issuance of equity instruments are accounted for based on the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instrument issued, whichever is more appropriately measurable.

## Fair Value of Financial Instruments

For the line of credit, as well as interest bearing commercial loans held by the Company, the carrying amount approximates fair value due to the relative short-term nature of such instruments. The Company determines the fair value of its senior secured notes using market prices which currently approximate their carrying amount.

## Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

## 3. Cash - Restricted

Restricted cash mainly represents collections received, pending clearance, from the Company’s commercial loans and is primarily dedicated to the reduction of the Company’s Webster Credit Line established pursuant to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (see Note 5).

## 4. Commercial Loans

## Loans Receivable

The Company offers short-term secured non-banking loans to real estate investors (also known as hard money) to fund their acquisition and construction of properties located in the New York metropolitan area, including New Jersey and Connecticut, and in Florida. The loans are principally secured by collateral consisting of real estate and accompanied by personal guarantees from the principals of the borrowers. The loans are generally for a term of one year. The short term loans are initially recorded, and carried thereafter, in the financial statements at cost. Most of the loans provide for receipt of interest only during the term of the loan and a balloon payment at the end of the term.

For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the total amounts of $56,301,376 and $60,915,596, respectively, have been lent, offset by collections received from borrowers, under the commercial loans in the amount of $57,736,436 and $52,147,497, respectively. The face amounts of the loans the Company originated in the past seven years have ranged from a minimum of $40,000 to a maximum of $3,300,000. The Company’s board of directors established a policy limiting the maximum amount of any loan to the lower of (i) 9.9% of the aggregate amount of the Company’s loan portfolio (not including the loan under



consideration) and (ii) $3.5 million. The Company’s loans typically have a maximum initial term of 12 months and bear interest at a fixed rate of 9% to 13.5% per year. In addition, the Company usually receives origination fees, or “points,” ranging from 0% to 2% of the original principal amount of the loan as well as other fees relating to underwriting, funding and managing the loan. Interest is always payable monthly, in arrears. In the case of acquisition financing, the principal amount of the loan usually does not exceed 75% of the value of the property (as determined by an independent appraiser), and in the case of construction financing, up to 80% of construction costs.

At December 31, 2023, the Company was committed to $7,978,089 in construction loans that can be drawn by the borrowers when certain conditions are met.

At December 31, 2023 and 2022, no one entity has loans outstanding representing more than 10% of the total balance of the loans outstanding.

The Company generally grants loans for a term of one year. When a performing loan reaches its maturity and the borrower requests an extension, the Company may extend the term of the loan beyond one year. Prior to granting an extension of any loan, the Company reevaluates the underlying collateral.

## Credit Risk

Credit risk profile based on loan activity as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:

<table><tr><td>Performing loans</td><td>Developers-Residential</td><td>Developers-Commercial</td><td>Developers-Mixed Used</td><td>Total outstanding loans</td></tr><tr><td>December 31, 2023</td><td>$ 64,729,403</td><td>$ 7,300,000</td><td>$ 1,019,000</td><td>$ 73,048,403</td></tr><tr><td>December 31, 2022</td><td>$ 62,264,463</td><td>$ 9,300,000</td><td>$ 2,919,000</td><td>$ 74,483,463</td></tr></table>

At December 31, 2023, the Company’s loans receivable consisted of loans in the amount of $33,343, $760,433, $2,210,250, $1,854,000, $7,225,000 and $20,480,886, originally due or committed to lend to borrowers in 2016, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively. At December 31, 2022, the Company’s loans receivable consisted of loans in the amount of $46,678, $500,000, $749,391, $3,230,250, $6,515,000 and $19,802,356, originally due or committed to lend to borrowers in 2016, 2017, 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022, respectively.

Generally, borrowers are paying their interest, and the Company receives a fee in connection with the extension of the loans. In all instances, except as described below, the borrowers have either signed an extension agreement or are in the process of signing an extension. Accordingly, at December 31, 2023, no loan impairments exist and there are no provisions for impairments of loans or recoveries thereof.

During February 2023, the Company sold one of its loans receivable at its face value of $485,000. Mr. Assaf Ran, the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer, participated in such acquisition in the amount of $152,000. In addition, in June 2023, the Company filed a foreclosure lawsuit relating to one property, as a result of a deed transfer from a borrower to a buyer without the Company’s consent. In that instance, the buyer of the property on which the Company had a valid mortgage suffered a data breach which resulted in the failure of the buyer to remit the funds needed for the loan payoff. In October 2023, the Company received the entire payoff amount for the loan receivable, including all unpaid fees, to rectify the situation.

Subsequent to the balance sheet date, approximately $6,932,000 of the loans receivable at December 31, 2023 were paid down or paid off, including approximately $2,767,000 originally due on or before December 31, 2023.



## 5. Line of Credit

The Company is a party to the Amended and Restated Credit and Security Agreement with Webster, Flushing and Mizrahi (the “Lenders”), which provides for the Webster Credit Line. Currently, the Webster Credit Line provides the Company with a credit line of $32.5 million in the aggregate until February 28, 2026, secured by assignments of mortgages and other collateral. The interest rates relating to the Webster Credit Line equal (i) the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) plus a premium, which rate aggregated approximately 8.96%, including a 0.5% agency fee, as of December 31, 2023, or (ii) a Base Rate (as defined in the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement) plus 2.00% and a 0.5% agency fee, as chosen by the Company for each drawdown.

The Webster Credit Line contains various covenants and restrictions including, among other covenants and restrictions, limiting the amount that the Company can borrow relative to the value of the underlying collateral, maintaining various financial ratios and limitations on the terms of loans the Company makes to its customers, limiting the Company’s ability to pay dividends under certain circumstances, and limiting the Company’s ability to repurchase its common shares, sell assets, engage in mergers or consolidations, grant liens, and enter into transactions with affiliates. In addition, the Webster Credit Line contains a cross default provision which will deem any default under any indebtedness owed by the Company or its subsidiary, MBC Funding, as a default under the credit line. Under the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, the Company may repurchase, redeem or otherwise retire its equity securities in an amount not to exceed ten percent of the Company’s annual net income from the prior fiscal year. Further, the Company may issue up to $20 million in bonds through its subsidiary, of which not more than $10 million of such bonds may be secured by mortgage notes receivable, and provided that the terms and conditions of such bonds are approved by Webster, subject to its reasonable discretion.

On March 7, 2022, the Company entered into a waiver agreement, with respect to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, with the lenders and Mr. Ran, as guarantor, to provide the Company with a waiver of its covenant with respect to maintaining its fixed charge coverage ratio for the period ended December 31, 2021. In addition, the waiver agreement also provided an amount of $700,000 of distributions and/or dividends paid during the quarter ended December 31, 2021 shall be excluded from the calculation of fixed charge coverage ratio for the fiscal quarters ending March 31, 2022, June 30, 2022 and September 30, 2022.

On April 25, 2022, the Company entered into an amendment, with respect to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with the Lenders and Mr. Ran, as guarantor, to increase the limit on individual loans as well as the concentration of any mortgagor (together with guarantors and other related entities and affiliates), and also permit the Company to originate loans in the state of Florida in any county south of, and including, Palm Beach and Lee counties, in an amount up to $4.875 million.

On January 31, 2023, the Company entered into another amendment, effective as of January 2, 2023, with respect to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with the Lenders and Mr. Ran, as guarantor, to (i) extend the maturity date of the credit line by three years to February 28, 2026; (ii) transition the applicable benchmark from LIBOR to SOFR and adjust the applicable margin with respect to Base Rate Loans and SOFR Loans; (iii) update the required calculation with respect to the fixed charge coverage ratio covenant; (iv) further increase the limit on individual loans and the concentration of any mortgagor (together with guarantors and other related entities and affiliates); and (v) eliminate the requirement to pledge additional mortgage loans as collateral for the credit line. In addition, the terms of the personal guaranty provided by Mr. Ran were amended such that the potential sums owed under such guaranty will not exceed the sum of $1,000,000 plus any costs relating to the enforcement of the personal guaranty.

The costs to establish and amend the Webster Credit Line are being amortized over the term of the respective agreement, using the straight-line method. The amortization costs for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were $18,318 and $39,583, respectively.

The Company was in compliance with all covenants of the Webster Credit Line, as amended, as of December 31, 2023. At December 31, 2023, the outstanding amount under the Amended Credit Agreement was $25,152,338. The interest rate on the amount outstanding fluctuates daily. The rate, including a 0.5% Agency Fee, as of December 31, 2023, was approximately 8.96%.



On April 25, 2016, in an initial public offering, MBC Funding issued 6% senior secured notes, due April 22, 2026 (the “Notes”) in the aggregate principal amount of $6,000,000 under the Indenture, dated April 25, 2016, among MBC Funding, as Issuer, the Company, as Guarantor, and Worldwide Stock Transfer LLC, as Indenture Trustee (the “Indenture”). The Notes, having a principal amount of $1,000 each, are listed on the NYSE American and trade under the symbol “LOAN/26.” Interest accrues on the Notes commencing on May 16, 2016. The accrued interest is payable monthly in cash, in arrears, on the 15th day of each calendar month commencing June 2016.

Under the terms of the Indenture, the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the mortgage loans held by MBC Funding, together with MBC Funding’s cash on hand, must always equal at least 120% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the Notes at all times. To the extent the aggregate principal amount of the mortgage loans owned by MBC Funding plus MBC Funding’s cash on hand is less than 120% of the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the Notes, MBC Funding is required to repay, on a monthly basis, the principal amount of the Notes equal to the amount necessary such that, after giving effect to such repayment, the aggregate principal amount of all mortgage loans owned by MBC Funding plus, MBC Funding’s cash on hand at such time is equal to or greater than 120% of the outstanding principal amount of the Notes. For this purpose, each mortgage loan is deemed to have a value equal to its outstanding principal balance, unless the borrower is in default of its obligations.

MBC Funding may redeem the Notes, in whole or in part, at any time after April 22, 2019 upon at least 30 days prior written notice to the Noteholders. The redemption price will be equal to the outstanding principal amount of the Notes redeemed plus the accrued but unpaid interest thereon up to, but not including, the date of redemption, without penalty or premium. No Notes were redeemed by MBC Funding as of December 31, 2023.

Each Noteholder had the right to cause MBC Funding to redeem his, her or its Notes on April 22, 2021 by notifying MBC Funding in writing, no earlier than November 22, 2020 and no later than January 22, 2021. No Noteholder exercised such right during the required time frame and as such the Notes are no longer redeemable by the Noteholders.

MBC Funding is obligated to offer to redeem the Notes if there occurs a “change of control” with respect to MBC Funding or the Company or if MBC Funding or the Company sell any assets unless, in the case of an asset sale, the proceeds are reinvested in the business of the seller. The redemption price in connection with a “change of control” will be 101% of the principal amount of the Notes redeemed plus accrued but unpaid interest thereon up to, but not including, the date of redemption. The redemption price in connection with an asset sale will be the outstanding principal amount of the Notes redeemed plus accrued but unpaid interest thereon up to, but not including, the date of redemption.

The Company guaranteed MBC Funding’s obligations under the Notes, which are secured by its pledge of 100% of the outstanding common shares of MBC Funding that it owns.

The Company’s principal executive officers consist of Assaf Ran, who serves as its Chief Executive Officer and President, and Vanessa Kao, who serves as its Chief Financial Officer. As of December 31, 2023, each of Mr. Ran and Ms. Kao own an aggregate of $704,000 and $288,000 of the Notes, respectively.

## 7. Simple IRA Plan

On October 26, 2000, the board of directors approved a Simple IRA Plan (the “IRA Plan”) to attract and retain valuable executives. The IRA Plan allows for participation by up to 100 eligible employees of the Company. Under the IRA Plan, eligible employees may contribute a portion of their pre-tax yearly salary, up to the maximum contribution limit for Simple IRA Plans as set forth under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, with the Company matching on a dollar-for-dollar basis up to 3% of the employees’ annual pre-tax compensation. These thresholds are subject to change under notice by the trustee for the IRA Plan. The Company is not responsible for any other costs under the IRA Plan. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company contributed $19,554 and $18,985, respectively, as matching contributions to the IRA Plan.



## 8 Stockholders' Equity

The Company adopted a share buyback program on April 11, 2023, for the repurchase of up to 100,000 of the Company’s common shares in the next twelve months. As of December 31, 2023, the Company purchased an aggregate of 54,294 common shares under this repurchase program, at an aggregate cost of approximately $262,000.

## 9. Stock-Based Compensation

Stock based compensation expense recognized under ASC 718 of $13,065 for each of the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 reflects the amortization of the fair value of 1,000,000 restricted shares granted to the Company's Chief Executive Officer on September 9, 2011 of $195,968, after adjusting for the effect on the fair value of the stock options related to this transaction. The fair value is being amortized over 15 years. At December 31, 2023, all 1,000,000 shares remain restricted, and the remaining unrecognized stock-based compensation amounted to $34,839.

## 10. Commitments and Contingencies

## Operating Leases

On October 27, 2020, the Company amended its existing lease (the “Lease Amendment”) for its corporate headquarters located at 60 Cutter Mill Road, Great Neck, New York, to expand the office premises and to extend the term of the non-cancelable lease through November 30, 2027. Among other things, the Lease Amendment provides for gradual rent increases from approximately $4,500 per month during the first three years to $5,100 per month during the last year of the extension term, and requires payments for electricity and future escalation increases, as defined. The Company also leases office equipment under a non-cancelable lease expiring in 2024.

At December 31, 2023, approximate future minimum lease payments, including mandatory fixed electricity charges, are as follows:

<table><tr><td>2024</td><td>$ 61,526</td></tr><tr><td>2025</td><td>60,926</td></tr><tr><td>2026</td><td>60,926</td></tr><tr><td>2027</td><td>55,848</td></tr><tr><td>Total minimum lease payments</td><td>239,226</td></tr><tr><td>Less: amount representing interest</td><td>(18,699)</td></tr><tr><td>Present Value of Net Minimum Lease Payments</td><td>$ 220,527</td></tr></table>



At December 31, 2023, the Company’s operating leases had a weighted-average remaining lease term of 3.91 years, and the weighted-average discount rate used was 4.15%, which was based on the Company’s incremental borrowing rate at the inception of the lease.

Rent expense, including fixed electricity charges and variable real estate taxes, in the years 2023 and 2022 was approximately $64,000 and $63,000, respectively.

## Employment Agreements

In March 1999, the Company entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Ran, pursuant to which: (i) Mr. Ran’s employment term renews automatically on June 30th of each year for successive one-year periods unless either party gives to the other written notice at least 180 days prior to June 30th of its intention to terminate the agreement; (ii) Mr. Ran receives a current annual base salary of $350,000 and annual bonuses as determined by the Compensation Committee of the board of directors, in its sole and absolute discretion, and is eligible to participate in all executive benefit plans established and maintained by the Company; and (iii) Mr. Ran agreed to a one-year non-competition period following the termination of his employment.

In June 2022, the Compensation Committee approved an increase of Mr. Ran’s annual base salary from $305,000 to $350,000. Mr. Ran’s annual base compensation for the years 2023 and 2022 was $350,000 and $329,231, respectively. In addition, the Compensation Committee approved a special bonus of $60,000 and an annual bonus of $70,000 to Mr. Ran in 2023.

## 11. Subsequent Event

In accordance with the dividend declared by the Company’s Board of Directors on November 28, 2023, a cash dividend of $0.1125 per share in an aggregate amount of $1,287,073 was paid on January 16, 2024 to all shareholders of record on December 29, 2023.



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## EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

Assaf Ran
Chief Executive Officer and President

Vanessa Kao
Chief Financial Officer, Vice President, Treasurer and Secretary

## BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Assaf Ran, Chairman of the Board

Lyron Bentovim (1)

Eran Goldshmit (1)(2)(3)

Michael J. Jackson (1)(2)(3)

Phillip Michals (1)(2)(3)

Vanessa Kao

(1) Member of the Audit Committee.

(2) Member of the Compensation Committee.

(3) Member of the Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee.

## SHAREOWNER SERVICES

Questions about stock-related matters may be directed to our transfer agent:

Equiniti Trust Company, LLC (“EQ”)

48 Wall Street, Floor 23
New York, NY 10005

Phone: 800-937-5449

Email: HelpAST@equiniti.com

## COUNSEL

Sullivan & Worcester LLP

1251 Avenue of the Americas

New York, NY 10020

## INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS

Hoberman & Lesser CPA's, LLP

252 West 37th Street, Suite 600E

New York, NY 10018

## OTHER INFORMATION

A copy of the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K, for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission may be obtained without charge by any shareholder by sending a written request to:

Manhattan Bridge Capital Inc.
Investor Relations Department
60 Cutter Mill Road, Suite 205
Great Neck, NY 11021
(516) 444-3400
or at www.manhattanbridgecapital.com

Additional information can be received by contacting our investor relations department at the telephone number above.

## HOLDERS

As of April 26, 2024, the number of registered holders of our common shares was 10 and the estimated number of beneficial owners of our common shares was approximately 8,000. Equiniti Trust Company, LLC serves as transfer agent for our common shares.

## DIVIDENDS

We intend to pay regular quarterly distributions to holders of our common shares in an amount not less than 90% of our REIT taxable income (determined before the deduction for dividends paid and excluding any net capital gains). As a REIT, our distributions generally will be taxable as ordinary income to our shareholders (subject to the lower effective tax rates applicable to qualified REIT dividends via the deduction-without-outlay mechanism of Section 199A of the Code, which is generally available to our noncorporate U.S. shareholders that meet specified holding requirement for taxable years before 2026), although we may designate a portion of the distributions as qualified dividend income or capital gain or a portion of the distributions may constitute a return of capital. For tax reporting purposes, taxable income dividends/distributions and non-taxable return of capital distributions may result and will be reported as such to U.S. individual taxpayers on Form 1099-DIV. For the tax year of 2023, 100% of our total distributions are characterized as non-qualified dividends (Section 199A).




©2015 The NASDAQ OMX Group, Inc.

MANHATTAN
BRIDGE CAPITAL

60 Cutter Mill Road, Suite 205
Great Neck, NY 11021
TEL: 516-444-3400
FAX: 516-444-3404

www.manhattanbridgecapital.com