Barnwell Industries, Inc. (BRN, AMEX)
Industry: Energy / Oil & Gas E&P
Annual report, fiscal year 2019



Barnwell Industries, Inc.



## FINANCIAL AND OPERATING HIGHLIGHTS

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="6">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td><td>2015</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>FINANCIAL:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Revenues</td><td>$ 12,075,000</td><td>$ 9,368,000</td><td>$ 13,030,000</td><td>$ 13,627,000</td><td>$ 17,533,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Net (loss) earnings</td><td>$ (12,414,000)</td><td>$ (1,770,000)</td><td>$ 1,171,000</td><td>$ (3,615,000)</td><td>$ 1,263,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Net (loss) earnings per share - diluted</td><td>$ (1.50)</td><td>$ (0.21)</td><td>$ 0.14</td><td>$ (0.44)</td><td>$ 0.15</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>OPERATING:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Production -</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Oil and natural gas liquids - barrels</td><td>141,000</td><td>67,000</td><td>86,000</td><td>84,000</td><td>143,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Natural gas - MCF*</td><td>628,000</td><td>328,000</td><td>378,000</td><td>476,000</td><td>1,688,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Average price -</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Oil and natural gas liquids, per barrel</td><td>$ 39.80</td><td>$ 50.89</td><td>$ 40.11</td><td>$ 31.81</td><td>$ 33.59</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Natural gas, per MCF*</td><td>$ 1.15</td><td>$ 1.12</td><td>$ 1.98</td><td>$ 1.27</td><td>$ 2.23</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table>

* MCF means 1,000 cubic feet

** Oil and liquids are converted to natural gas equivalents on the basis of one barrel equals 5.8 MCF.

Reserves are calculated by an independent engineering firm based on SEC constant pricing.



# BARNWELL INDUSTRIES, INC.

TO OUR SHAREHOLDERS:

Fiscal 2019 was a challenging year as we continued to rebuild the Company. However, the steps we have taken over the last five years to restructure our Canadian operations, reduce general and administrative expense and lay the foundation for future growth have begun to bear fruit, and we expect will drive Barnwell's growth and create stockholder value into the future.

Barnwell has been investing in the upstream oil and gas business in Canada for over 50 years. These activities are a major part of who we are, and it is our intention to continue investing in Canada. Our strategy for our oil and gas segment in the past 5 years has been twofold: (i) maximizing the value of our “legacy” oil assets through strategic acquisitions, exploitation and timely dispositions, while; (ii) evaluating and securing a new conventional oil asset that offered a stable base of production, operated infrastructure with year-round access, and a dominant land holding in a large underdeveloped pool that can provide a long-term inventory of horizontal wells that could be developed with modern completion technology.

Barnwell had a net loss for fiscal 2019 of $12,414,000, $1.50 per share, as compared to a net loss of $1,770,000, $0.21 per share, in fiscal 2018. This $10,644,000 decrease in the Company's bottom line in one year was predominantly due to the following factors: a $5,710,000 non-cash impairment of our oil and gas properties during fiscal 2019 due to lower commodity prices in 2019 as compared to 2018; a $2,255,000 gain recognized in fiscal 2018 primarily from the sale of oil properties in the Red Earth area; a $1,443,000 decrease in land investment segment operating profit, before income taxes and non-controlling interests' share of such profits, in fiscal 2019 due to a decrease in sale proceeds received as compared to fiscal 2018 and a $499,000 decrease in equity in income from affiliates as a result of decreased operating results of the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships.

## Canadian Oil & Gas Segment

Fiscal 2019’s challenges originated with the low oil prices we experienced in November and December of 2018, the beginning of our 2019 fiscal year. Starting with the oil price collapse in late 2014, we took actions to defend our balance sheet by divesting of our mature natural gas and heavy oil properties. We also were proactive in abandoning wells to address our asset retirement obligations and acquiring additional interests in our profitable conventional oil areas. We acquired a new conventional oil asset (Iwinning) that will provide a platform for horizontal drilling for years to come. These actions have allowed us to avoid the debt issues plaguing many of our peers, while getting back to investing in drilling oil wells.

In Canada, the global supply and demand realities that have depressed commodity prices have been compounded by unique difficulties in getting new pipelines built. This led to a virtually unprecedented differential in oil prices between Canada and the U.S. in November 2018, severely reducing prices for our oil in our first fiscal quarter of 2019. In addition to the short term disruption in our revenue and due to the full-cost accounting rules which require us to value our oil and gas assets based on the average of first day of the month prices, November and December 2018's low prices triggered significant non-cash write-downs of our oil and gas asset values in the first and fourth quarters of fiscal 2019. These non-cash write downs did not affect cash or liquidity.



Just prior to the end of fiscal 2019, we participated with a 28.3% interest in a horizontal well in the Spirit River area of Alberta. This well commenced drilling in late September 2019, came on production in mid-November 2019 and has proven to be one of the best wells drilled in Alberta in the past year and one of the best, if not the best, well that Barnwell has been part of in its history. In only 3 months this well has produced over 65,000 barrels of oil and 160,000 thousand cubic feet (“Mcf”) of natural gas of which Barnwell’s share was 18,000 barrels and 45,000 Mcf, respectively. We expect to achieve payout on the capital invested in this well in the second quarter of fiscal 2020. That well is currently producing about 400 barrels per day of oil and 1,500 Mcf per day of gas.

That well is admittedly a phenomenal well, but it is a good example of the prize that is available from applying modern horizontal well technology in large conventional oil reservoirs. However, the Spirit River area mineral rights are tightly held by large, well-capitalized companies that Barnwell simply cannot compete against, and we must be satisfied with what we have been able to achieve.

In August 2018, we acquired a significant asset base in the Twining field in Central Alberta. Barnwell was very selective in its search for a new area that fit our criteria and was very fortunate to acquire the Twining asset. There is significant oil to be recovered there through modern techniques. That is the business model – to execute a long-term drilling program where wells are investment opportunities that deliver high internal rates of return. We have acquired rights to roughly 30% of this pool and have identified over 50 locations that could be developed using horizontal drilling and multi-stage fracing over the next several years. We have strategic facilities that we operate to handle this incremental production. We drilled our first operated horizontal well in Twining in the first quarter of fiscal 2020 (Barnwell has 100% interest in the well), completed it with 26 frac stages and connected it for production. Oil and gas rates have been steadily increasing as the load water is recovered, and we are currently producing about 70 Boe/d net to Barnwell.

We are currently marketing all of our “legacy” properties in a brokered process. Since 2014, we have generated over $30 million through asset sales and paid off our debt, while reducing our asset retirement obligations. It is our intention that a significant portion of any proceeds from such sales would be used to re-invest in Twining.

## Hawaii Real Estate

Our land project at Kaupulehu on the Big Island of Hawaii did not see any sales during fiscal 2019. However, a new developer has come in and is moving forward with development plans for the Increment II area of Kaupulehu, which is approved and entitled for a density of up to approximately 400 units, as well as amenities and other uses. The developer, an affiliate of Replay, based in Vancouver B.C., hopes to release their master plan to the public soon, which we believe would aid in future lot sales of the remaining 19 lots in the Increment I portion of the project.

## Hawaii Contract Drilling

Our Water Resources International, Inc. contracting subsidiary had an excellent fiscal year, and we expect that it will have an even better fiscal 2020, as it saw its revenues increase by $1,580,000, or 42%, to $5,349,000 in fiscal 2019, generating an operating profit. This improvement was primarily due to a new well drilling contract that is based on a fixed rate per day or hour, depending upon the activity, as opposed to the Company's typical contract that is based on a fixed price per lineal foot drilled. Also, this contract includes revenues from a contract payment that was used to fund the Company's purchase of a new drilling rig and ancillary equipment, which will be available for use on other future jobs with other customers after this contract is completed. We expect significantly higher



revenues under this contract during fiscal 2020. Additionally, the Company has a backlog of drilling and pump installation and repair contracts of approximately $11,000,000 at February 1, 2020, of which $8,000,000 is expected to be realized in fiscal 2020, which may make this segment’s operating profit substantially higher in fiscal 2020 as compared to fiscal 2019.

## Conclusion

Mr. Martin Anderson and Dr. Murray C. Gardner will not be nominated for reelection to our Board of Directors at our 2020 Annual Meeting. Mr. Anderson and Dr. Gardner have served with distinction for 35 years and 24 years, respectively. The Board of Directors wishes to thank them for their years of service and acknowledge the many contributions that each has made to the Company’s success through their wisdom, sage advice, business experience and commitment to the Company. Mr. Anderson was part of the group that founded our contract drilling subsidiary in the 1970’s, and Dr. Gardner advised us on our geothermal operations in the early 1980’s. Once again, we thank them for their many contributions to the Company.

Over the last several years, we have asked for your patience, as stockholders of Barnwell, as we moved through a restructuring process to change the way we do business in Canada and lower our general and administrative expense. Over the last five years, we have lowered our general and administrative expense from $8,551,000 in fiscal 2015 to $5,524,000 in fiscal 2019, a reduction of 35.4%. This has been accomplished through reductions in salaries and wages, professional fees, travel and entertainment, medical expenses, and various other controllable general and administrative expenses. We intend to continue exploring ways to significantly reduce our general and administrative expenses in absolute terms and as a percentage of our revenues as we move forward.

We are proud of the steps we have taken and the results we recently announced for the first quarter of our 2020 fiscal year which show a 90% improved bottom line and operating profits in our oil and gas and water well company divisions.

We thank you, our stockholders, for your continued support.

For the Board of Directors,

James S. Barnwell III
Chairman of the Board

On the

Alexander C. Kinzler
Chief Executive Officer,
President and Director



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# UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

# [X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2019

or

[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission File Number 1-5103

BARNWELL INDUSTRIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

72-0496921

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1100 Alakea Street, Suite 2900, Honolulu, Hawaii

(Address of principal executive offices)

96813-2840

(Zip code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (808) 531-8400

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbols(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, $0.50 par value

BRN

NYSE American

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. □ Yes □ No

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. □ Yes □ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§223.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. □

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐

Accelerated filer □

Non-accelerated filer ☐ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company ☒

Emerging growth company □

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. □

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). □ Yes □ No

The aggregate market value of the voting common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant, computed by reference to the closing price of a share of common stock on March 31, 2019 (the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter) was $3,839,000.

As of December 3, 2019 there were 8,277,160 shares of common stock outstanding.

Documents Incorporated by Reference

1. Proxy statement, to be forwarded to stockholders on or about January 16, 2020, is incorporated by reference in Part III hereof.



## TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
Glossary of Terms 3
PART I
Discussion of Forward-Looking Statements 4
Item 1. Business 5
Item 1A. Risk Factors 18
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments 31
Item 2. Properties 31
Item 3. Legal Proceedings 32
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures 32
PART II
Item 5. Market For Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities 33
Item 6. Selected Financial Data 33
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 34
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 53
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 54
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure 106
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures 106
Item 9B. Other Information 106
PART III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 107
Item 11. Executive Compensation 107
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters 107
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence 108
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services 108
PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules 109
Signatures 111
Index to Exhibits 113



## GLOSSARY OF TERMS

Defined below are certain terms used in this Form 10-K:

<table><tr><td>Terms</td><td>Definitions</td></tr><tr><td>ASC</td><td>- Accounting Standards Codification</td></tr><tr><td>ASU</td><td>- Accounting Standards Update</td></tr><tr><td>Barnwell</td><td>- Barnwell Industries, Inc. and all majority-owned subsidiaries</td></tr><tr><td>Barnwell of Canada</td><td>- Barnwell of Canada, Limited</td></tr><tr><td>Bbl(s)</td><td>- stock tank barrel(s) of oil equivalent to 42 U.S. gallons</td></tr><tr><td>Boe</td><td>- barrel of oil equivalent at the rate of 5.8 Mcf per Bbl of oil or NGL</td></tr><tr><td>FASB</td><td>- Financial Accounting Standards Board</td></tr><tr><td>GAAP</td><td>- U.S. generally accepted accounting principles</td></tr><tr><td>Gross</td><td>- Total number of acres or wells in which Barnwell owns an interest; includes interests owned of record by Barnwell and, in addition, the portion(s) owned by others; for example, a 50% interest in a 320 acre lease represents 320 gross acres and a 50% interest in a well represents 1 gross well. In the context of production volumes, gross represents amounts before deduction of the royalty share due others.</td></tr><tr><td>InSite</td><td>- InSite Petroleum Consultants Ltd.</td></tr><tr><td>Kaupulehu 2007</td><td>- Kaupulehu 2007, LLLP</td></tr><tr><td>KD I</td><td>- KD Acquisition, LLLP, formerly known as WB KD Acquisition, LLC (“WB”)</td></tr><tr><td>KD II</td><td>- KD Acquisition II, LP, formerly known as WB KD Acquisition, II, LLC (“WBKD”)</td></tr><tr><td>KD Kona</td><td>- KD Kona 2013 LLLP</td></tr><tr><td>KKM Makai</td><td>- KKM Makai, LLLP</td></tr><tr><td>Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships</td><td>- The following partnerships in which Barnwell owns non-controlling interest: KD Kukio Resorts, LLLP (“KD Kukio Resorts”) KD Maniniowali, LLLP (“KD Maniniowali”) KD Kaupulehu, LLLP, which consists of KD I and KD II (“KDK”)</td></tr><tr><td>MBbls</td><td>- thousands of barrels of oil</td></tr><tr><td>Mcf</td><td>- 1,000 cubic feet of natural gas at 14.65 pounds per square inch absolute and 60 degrees Fahrenheit</td></tr><tr><td>Mcfe</td><td>- Mcfe equivalent at the rate of 1 Bbl = 5.8 Mcf</td></tr><tr><td>MMcf</td><td>- millions of cubic feet of natural gas</td></tr><tr><td>Net</td><td>- Barnwell’s aggregate interest in the total acres or wells; for example, a 50% interest in a 320 acre lease represents 160 net acres and a 50% interest in a well represents 0.5 net well. In the context of production volumes, net represents amounts after deduction of the royalty share due others.</td></tr><tr><td>NGL(s)</td><td>- natural gas liquid(s)</td></tr><tr><td>Octavian Oil</td><td>- Octavian Oil, Ltd.</td></tr><tr><td>OPEC</td><td>- Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries</td></tr><tr><td>SEC</td><td>- United States Securities and Exchange Commission</td></tr><tr><td>VIE</td><td>- Variable interest entity</td></tr><tr><td>Water Resources</td><td>- Water Resources International, Inc.</td></tr></table>



## CAUTIONARY STATEMENT RELEVANT TO FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION
FOR THE PURPOSE OF “SAFE HARBOR” PROVISIONS OF THE
PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995

This Form 10-K, and the documents incorporated herein by reference, contain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (“PSLRA”). A forward-looking statement is one which is based on current expectations of future events or conditions and does not relate to historical or current facts. These statements include various estimates, forecasts, projections of Barnwell Industries, Inc.’s (referred to herein together with its majority-owned subsidiaries as “Barnwell,” “we,” “our,” “us” or the “Company”) future performance, statements of Barnwell’s plans and objectives and other similar statements. All such statements we make are forward-looking statements made under the safe harbor of the PSLRA, except to the extent such statements relate to the operations of a partnership or limited liability company. Forward-looking statements include phrases such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “predicts,” “estimates,” “assumes,” “projects,” “may,” “will,” “will be,” “should,” or similar expressions. Although Barnwell believes that its current expectations are based on reasonable assumptions, it cannot assure that the expectations contained in such forward-looking statements will be achieved. Forward-looking statements involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions which could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in such statements. Investors should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, as they speak only as of the date of filing of this Form 10-K, and Barnwell expressly disclaims any obligation or undertaking to publicly release any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements contained herein.

Among the important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements are domestic and international general economic conditions, such as recessionary trends and inflation; domestic and international political, legislative, economic, regulatory and legal actions, including changes in the policies of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries or other developments involving or affecting oil and natural gas producing countries; military conflict, embargoes, internal instability or actions or reactions of the governments of the United States and/or Canada in anticipation of or in response to such developments; interest costs, restrictions on production, restrictions on imports and exports in both the United States and Canada, the maintenance of specified reserves, tax increases and retroactive tax claims, royalty increases, expropriation of property, cancellation of contract rights, environmental protection controls, environmental compliance requirements and laws pertaining to workers' health and safety; the condition of Hawaii's real estate market, including the level of real estate activity and prices, the demand for new housing and second homes on the island of Hawaii, the rate of increase in the cost of building materials and labor, the introduction of building code modifications, changes to zoning laws, the condition of Hawaii's tourism industry and the level of confidence in Hawaii's economy; levels of land development activity in Hawaii; levels of demand for water well drilling and pump installation in Hawaii; the potential liability resulting from pending or future litigation; the Company's acquisition or disposition of assets; the effects of changed accounting rules under GAAP promulgated by rule-setting bodies; and the factors set forth under the heading “Risk Factors” in this Form 10-K, in other portions of this Form 10-K, in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, and in other documents filed by Barnwell with the SEC. In addition, unpredictable or unknown factors not discussed in this report could also cause actual results to materially and adversely differ from those discussed in the forward-looking statements.

Unless otherwise indicated, all references to “dollars” in this Form 10-K are to United States dollars.



## Overview

Barnwell was incorporated in Delaware in 1956 and fiscal 2019 represented Barnwell’s 63rd year of operations. Barnwell operates in the following three principal business segments:

• Oil and Natural Gas Segment - Barnwell engages in oil and natural gas development, production, acquisitions and sales in Canada.

• Land Investment Segment - Barnwell invests in land interests in Hawaii.

• Contract Drilling Segment - Barnwell provides well drilling services and water pumping system installation and repairs in Hawaii.

## Oil and Natural Gas Segment

## Overview

Barnwell acquires and develops crude oil and natural gas assets in the province of Alberta, Canada via two corporate entities, Barnwell of Canada and Octavian Oil. Barnwell of Canada is a U.S. incorporated company that has been active in Canada for over 50 years, primarily as a non-operator participating in exploration projects operated by others. Octavian Oil is a Canadian company, set up in 2016, to achieve growth through the acquisition of crude oil reserves and development of those reserves through horizontal well drilling and completion techniques.

## Strategy

Since 2013, Barnwell has transformed its Canadian oil and natural gas segment operation from a 90% non-operated production base, most of which was from its 40-year-old Dunvegan gas field, to a more operated production base. In 2013, only about 20% of Barnwell’s production was conventional oil, and capital investments were being directed towards heavy oil drilling projects in the province of Saskatchewan. In 2014 Barnwell sold all of its heavy oil properties, and in 2015 Barnwell sold its Dunvegan gas property. These sales allowed Barnwell to minimize the effects of the subsequent commodity price collapse in 2015 and downstream transportation issues. Barnwell of Canada retained its core conventional oil assets and, since 2015, has acquired various conventional oil interests in Alberta from other companies to consolidate interests in these core properties. In February 2018, Barnwell sold its interest in its oil and natural gas property Red Earth. In August 2018, Barnwell closed a significant acquisition of conventional oil assets and infrastructure in the Twining area of Alberta. At September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, Barnwell’s reserves were approximately 80% operated and 65% conventional oil and natural gas liquids. In November 2019, Barnwell commenced the drilling of a development well in the Twining area of Alberta. Twenty-six fracture stages were completed in early December 2019 and connection of the well into operating facilities via pipeline is planned, however the results of fracing are not yet known as of the date of this report.

## Operations

All acquisitions, operational and developmental activities in the Twining area are the responsibility of the President and Chief Operating Officer of Octavian Oil with the approvals for major expenditures secured from Barnwell’s senior executive management and Board of Directors.



Our oil and natural gas segment revenues, profitability, and future rate of growth are dependent on oil and natural gas prices and obtaining external financing or sufficient land investment cash flows to fund the development of our proved undeveloped reserves. The industry has experienced a prolonged period of low oil and natural gas prices that has negatively impacted our operating results, cash flows and liquidity. Credit and capital markets for oil and natural gas companies have been negatively affected as well, resulting in a decline in sources of financing as compared to previous years. By divesting significant oil and natural gas assets prior to the 2015 decline in commodity prices, Barnwell was able to repay all of its debt, use funds for general corporate purposes, and fund its acquisition investments.

Natural gas prices are typically higher in the winter than at other times due to increased heating demand. Oil prices are also subject to seasonal fluctuations, but to a lesser degree. Oil and natural gas unit sales are based on the quantity produced from the properties by the properties’ operator. Prices received in Canada, especially natural gas and heavy oil have also been negatively impacted by the lack of export pipeline capacity.

On August 28, 2018, Barnwell completed the acquisition of interests in oil and natural gas properties located in the Twining area of Alberta, Canada, from an independent third party. The purchase price per the agreement was $10,362,000, which took into account estimated customary purchase price adjustments to reflect the economic activity from the effective date of July 1, 2018 to the closing date. The final determination of the customary adjustments to the purchase price resulted in a $172,000 reduction in the purchase price in the year ended September 30, 2019, bringing the final purchase price to $10,190,000. Barnwell also assumed $3,076,000 in asset retirement obligations associated with the Twining acquisition. This acquisition represented a significant step in Barnwell’s long-term strategy to transform its Canadian operations to having almost exclusively conventional light and medium oil assets. This was a strategic purchase by the Company of what is now its largest oil and natural gas property. The Twining assets, which Barnwell operates, are expected to provide Barnwell with relatively low decline oil production, significant upside from a large volume of oil-in-place, operated infrastructure, and an advantageous geographic location in Central Alberta.

Our proved undeveloped reserves, which are primarily attributable to Twining, are estimated to be converted to proved developed reserves through future capital expenditures by Barnwell of approximately $13,000,000 for the development of 12 gross (8.82 net) wells over the next five years.

## Preparation of Reserve Estimates

Barnwell’s reserves are estimated by our independent petroleum reserve engineers, InSite Petroleum Consultants Ltd. (“InSite”), in accordance with generally accepted petroleum engineering and evaluation principles and techniques and rules and regulations of the SEC. All information with respect to the Company’s reserves in this Form 10-K is derived from the report of InSite. A copy of the report issued by InSite is filed with this Form 10-K as Exhibit 99.1.

The preparation of data used by the independent petroleum reserve engineers to compile our oil and natural gas reserve estimates is completed in accordance with various internal control procedures which include verification of data input into reserves evaluation software, reconciliations and reviews of data provided to the independent petroleum reserve engineers to ensure completeness, and management review controls, including an independent internal review of the final reserve report for completeness and accuracy.

Barnwell has a Reserves Committee consisting of four of the five independent directors, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, and the Company’s Chief Financial Officer. The Reserves Committee



was established to ensure the independence of the Company’s petroleum reserve engineers. The Reserves Committee is responsible for reviewing the annual reserve evaluation report prepared by the independent petroleum reserve engineering firm and ensuring that the reserves are reported fairly in a manner consistent with applicable standards. The Reserves Committee meets annually to discuss reserve issues and policies and to meet with Company personnel and the independent petroleum reserve engineers.

Barnwell of Canada’s President and Chief Operating Officer, who is a professional engineer with over 35 years of relevant experience in all facets of the oil and natural gas industry in Canada and is a member of the Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of Alberta, has primary responsibility for the preparation of the Company’s reserve estimates by our independent reserve engineers. Accounting and land support is provided by Barnwell of Canada staff as needed.

## Reserves

The amounts set forth in the following table, based on InSite’s evaluation of our reserves, summarize our estimated proved reserves of oil (including natural gas liquids) and natural gas as of September 30, 2019 on all properties in which Barnwell has an interest. All of our oil and natural gas reserves are located in Canada and are based on constant dollar price and cost assumptions. The Company emphasizes that reserve estimates are inherently imprecise and that estimates of new discoveries and undeveloped locations are more imprecise than estimates of established proved producing oil and natural gas properties. Accordingly, these estimates are expected to change as future information becomes available. Proved oil and natural gas reserves are the estimated quantities of oil and natural gas that geological and engineering data demonstrate, with reasonable certainty, to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under economic and operating conditions (i.e., prices and costs) existing at the time the estimate is made. Proved developed oil and natural gas reserves are proved reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells and equipment in place and under operating methods being utilized at the time the estimates were made. No estimates of total proved net oil or natural gas reserves have been filed with, or included in reports to, any federal authority or agency, other than the SEC, since October 1, 2018.

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="3">As of September 30, 2019</td></tr><tr><td>Estimated Net Proved Developed Reserves</td><td>Estimated Net Proved Undeveloped Reserves</td><td>Estimated Net Proved Reserves</td></tr><tr><td>Oil, including natural gas liquids (Bbls)</td><td>529,000</td><td>890,000</td><td>1,419,000</td></tr><tr><td>Natural gas (Mcf)</td><td>1,900,000</td><td>2,620,000</td><td>4,520,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total (Boe)</td><td>856,000</td><td>1,342,000</td><td>2,198,000</td></tr></table>

During fiscal 2019, Barnwell’s total net proved developed reserves of oil and natural gas liquids decreased by 164,000 Bbls (24%) and total net proved developed reserves of natural gas decreased by 499,000 Mcf (21%), for a combined decrease of 251,000 Boe (23%). The decrease in oil and natural gas liquids reserves and natural gas reserves were primarily the result of current year production.

Net proved undeveloped reserves, which primarily relate to our Twining area, totaled 890,000 Bbls of oil and natural gas liquids and 2,620,000 Mcf of gas as of September 30, 2019. During fiscal 2019, total net proved undeveloped reserves of oil and natural gas liquids decreased by 7,000 Bbls (1%) and total net proved undeveloped reserves of gas decreased by 36,000 Mcf (1%). Our net proved undeveloped reserves are planned for development within five years and are based on approximately $13,000,000 of future estimated



capital expenditures to develop 12 gross (8.82 net) wells. Eleven gross (8.54 net) wells are in the Twining area while one gross (0.28 net) well is in the Spirit River area. The Spirit River development well started drilling in September 2019 and one gross (1.0 net) Twining development well started drilling in November 2019. The ability of Barnwell to convert the undeveloped reserves to developed reserves will be heavily influenced by the cash flows generated by the oil and natural gas segment, the results of such drilling, and the ability of the Company to raise sufficient funds that may be needed for any potential future capital financing.

The following table sets forth Barnwell’s oil and natural gas net reserves at September 30, 2019, by property name, based on information prepared by InSite, as well as net production and net revenues by property name for the year ended September 30, 2019. The reserve data in this table is based on constant dollars where reserve estimates are based on sales prices, costs and statutory tax rates in existence at September 30, 2019, the date of the projection.

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="3">As of September 30, 2019</td><td colspan="5">For the year ended September 30, 2019</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">Net Proved Producing Reserves</td><td colspan="2">Total Net Proved Reserves</td><td colspan="2">Net Production</td><td colspan="2">Net Revenues</td></tr><tr><td>Property Name</td><td>Oil &amp; NGL (MBbls)</td><td>Gas (MMcf)</td><td>Oil &amp; NGL (MBbls)</td><td>Gas (MMcf</td><td>Oil &amp; NGL (Bbls)</td><td>Gas (Mcf)</td><td>Oil &amp; NGL</td><td>Gas</td></tr><tr><td>Bonanza/ Balsam</td><td>54</td><td>118</td><td>54</td><td>118</td><td>16,000</td><td>36,000</td><td>$ 606,000</td><td>$ 46,000</td></tr><tr><td>Hillsdown</td><td>8</td><td>29</td><td>8</td><td>29</td><td>4,000</td><td>44,000</td><td>170,000</td><td>56,000</td></tr><tr><td>Progress</td><td>20</td><td>221</td><td>38</td><td>443</td><td>3,000</td><td>68,000</td><td>141,000</td><td>81,000</td></tr><tr><td>Spirit River</td><td>39</td><td>30</td><td>98</td><td>207</td><td>4,000</td><td>11,000</td><td>157,000</td><td>11,000</td></tr><tr><td>Twining</td><td>328</td><td>1,177</td><td>1,163</td><td>3,692</td><td>94,000</td><td>372,000</td><td>3,786,000</td><td>462,000</td></tr><tr><td>Wood River</td><td>58</td><td>31</td><td>58</td><td>31</td><td>18,000</td><td>3,000</td><td>661,000</td><td>6,000</td></tr><tr><td>Other properties</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>2,000</td><td>94,000</td><td>111,000</td><td>112,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>507</td><td>1,606</td><td>1,419</td><td>4,520</td><td>141,000</td><td>628,000</td><td>$ 5,632,000</td><td>$ 774,000</td></tr></table>

Net proved reserves that are attributable to existing producing wells are primarily determined using decline curve analysis and rate transient analysis, which incorporates the principles of hydrocarbon flow. Net proved reserves attributable to producing wells with limited production history and for undeveloped locations are estimated using performance from analogous wells in the surrounding area and geologic data to assess the reservoir continuity. Technologies relied on to establish reasonable certainty of economic producibility include electrical logs, radioactivity logs, core analyses, geologic maps and available production data, seismic data and well test data.



The following table sets forth Barnwell’s “Estimated Future Net Revenues” from total proved oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids reserves and the present value of Barnwell’s “Estimated Future Net Revenues” (discounted at 10%) as of September 30, 2019. Estimated future net revenues for total proved reserves are net of estimated future expenditures of developing and producing the proved reserves, and assume the continuation of existing economic conditions. Net revenues have been calculated using the average first-day-of-the-month price during the 12-month period ending as of the balance sheet date and current costs, after deducting all royalties, operating costs, future estimated capital expenditures (including abandonment costs), and income taxes. The amounts below include future cash flows from reserves that are currently proved undeveloped reserves and do not deduct general and administrative or interest expenses.

<table><tr><td>Year ending September 30,</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2020</td><td>$ (312,000)</td></tr><tr><td>2021</td><td>1,131,000</td></tr><tr><td>2022</td><td>1,098,000</td></tr><tr><td>Thereafter</td><td>(4,865,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Undiscounted future net cash flows, after income taxes</td><td>$ (2,948,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows</td><td>$ 2,310,000</td></tr></table>

* This amount does not purport to represent, nor should it be interpreted as, the fair value of Barnwell’s oil and natural gas reserves. An estimate of fair value would also consider, among other items, the value of Barnwell’s undeveloped land position, the recovery of reserves not presently classified as proved, anticipated future changes in oil and natural gas prices (these amounts were based on a natural gas price of $1.23 per Mcf and an oil price of $45.46 per Bbl) and costs, and a discount factor more representative of the time value of money and the risks inherent in reserve estimates.

In December 2018, the Society of Petroleum Evaluation Engineers and associated industry professionals updated the Canadian Oil and Gas Evaluation (“COGE”) Handbook. The updates clarify and streamline existing guidelines and offer additional guidance regarding Canadian reserves evaluations. Barnwell has included all abandonment, decommissioning and reclamation costs and inactive well costs in accordance with best practice recommendations into the Company’s September 30, 2019 year-end reserve report.

## Oil and Natural Gas Production

The following table summarizes (a) Barnwell’s net production for the last three fiscal years, based on sales of natural gas, oil and natural gas liquids, from all wells in which Barnwell has or had an interest, and (b) the average sales prices and average production costs for such production during the same periods. Production amounts reported are net of royalties. All of Barnwell’s net production in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017 was derived in Alberta, Canada. For a discussion regarding our total annual production volumes, average sales prices, and related production costs, see Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” The 2018 volumes reflect volumes from the Twining acquisition only from the closing date of August 28, 2018.



<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="3">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td><td>2017</td></tr><tr><td>Annual net production:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Natural gas (Mcf)</td><td>628,000</td><td>328,000</td><td>378,000</td></tr><tr><td>Oil (Bbls)</td><td>123,000</td><td>62,000</td><td>81,000</td></tr><tr><td>Natural gas liquids (Bbls)</td><td>18,000</td><td>5,000</td><td>5,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total (Boe)</td><td>250,000</td><td>123,000</td><td>151,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total (Mcfe)</td><td>1,446,000</td><td>717,000</td><td>877,000</td></tr><tr><td>Annual average sales price per unit of production:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Mcf of natural gas*</td><td>$1.15</td><td>$1.12</td><td>$1.98</td></tr><tr><td>Bbl of oil**</td><td>$41.84</td><td>$51.53</td><td>$40.72</td></tr><tr><td>Bbl of natural gas liquids**</td><td>$25.84</td><td>$43.02</td><td>$30.19</td></tr><tr><td>Annual average production cost per Boe produced***</td><td>$20.64</td><td>$21.08</td><td>$19.03</td></tr><tr><td>Annual average production cost per Mcfe produced***</td><td>$3.56</td><td>$3.63</td><td>$3.28</td></tr></table>

* Calculated on revenues net of pipeline charges before royalty expense divided by gross production.

** Calculated on revenues before royalty expense divided by gross production.

*** Calculated on production costs, excluding natural gas pipeline charges, divided by the combined total production of natural gas liquids, oil and natural gas.

## Capital Expenditures and Acquisitions

Barnwell invested $629,000 in oil and natural gas properties during fiscal 2019, including accrued capital expenditures and acquisitions of oil and natural gas properties and excluding additions and revisions to estimated asset retirement obligations, of which $269,000 was for the acquisition of oil and natural gas working interests in an oil and natural gas property in the Wood River area.

## Well Drilling Activities

In fiscal 2019, we participated in a horizontal development well that was drilled in the Spirit River area, in which we have a 28.3% working interest. This well was successful and started producing in November 2019. During the first three full weeks of production the well has averaged about 1,000 Boe per day, of which about 283 Boe per day are net to Barnwell.

One gross (0.2 net) development well was drilled in fiscal 2018 and one gross (0.1 net) development well was drilled in fiscal 2017.

## Producing Wells

As of September 30, 2019, Barnwell had interests in 64 gross (39.3 net) producing wells, of which 55 gross (36.4 net) were oil wells and 9 gross (2.9 net) were natural gas wells. All wells were in Alberta, Canada.



The following table sets forth the gross and net acres of both developed and undeveloped oil and natural gas leases which Barnwell held as of September 30, 2019.

<table><tr><td rowspan="2">Location</td><td colspan="2">Developed Acreage*</td><td colspan="2">Undeveloped Acreage*</td><td colspan="2">Total</td></tr><tr><td>Gross</td><td>Net</td><td>Gross</td><td>Net</td><td>Gross</td><td>Net</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>179,318</td><td>41,309</td><td>84,073</td><td>15,548</td><td>263,391</td><td>56,857</td></tr></table>

* “Developed Acreage” includes the acres covered by leases upon which there are one or more producing wells. “Undeveloped Acreage” includes acres covered by leases upon which there are no producing wells and which are maintained by the payment of delay rentals or the commencement of drilling thereon.

Seventy-seven percent of Barnwell’s undeveloped acreage is not subject to expiration at September 30, 2019. Twenty-three percent of Barnwell’s leasehold interests in undeveloped acreage is subject to expiration and expire over the next five fiscal years, if not developed, as follows: 6% expire during fiscal 2020; 7% expire during fiscal 2021; 6% expire during fiscal 2022; 4% expire during fiscal 2023; and 0% expire in fiscal 2024. There can be no assurance that Barnwell will be successful in renewing its leasehold interests in the event of expiration.

Much of the undeveloped acreage is at non-operated properties over which we do not have control, and the value of such acreage is not estimated to be significant at current commodity prices. Barnwell’s undeveloped acreage includes a significant concentration in the Thornbury (5,919 net acres) and Twining (1,623 net acres) areas of Alberta, Canada.

## Marketing of Oil and Natural Gas

Barnwell sells its oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids production, including under short-term contracts between itself and two main oil marketers, one natural gas purchaser, and one natural gas liquids marketer. The prices received are freely negotiated between buyers and sellers and are determined from transparent posted prices adjusted for quality and transportation differentials. In fiscal 2019, over 80% of Barnwell’s oil and natural gas revenues were from products sold at spot prices. Barnwell does not use derivative instruments to manage price risk.

In fiscal 2019 and 2018, Barnwell took most of its oil, natural gas liquids and natural gas “in kind” where Barnwell markets the products instead of having the operator of a producing property market the products on Barnwell’s behalf. We sell oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids to a variety of energy marketing companies. Because our products are commodities for which there are numerous marketers, we are not dependent upon one purchaser or a small group of purchasers. Accordingly, the loss of any single purchaser would not materially affect our revenues.

## Governmental Regulation

The jurisdictions in which the oil and natural gas properties of Barnwell are located have regulatory provisions relating to permits for the drilling of wells, the spacing of wells, the prevention of oil and natural gas waste, allowable rates of production, environmental protection, and other matters. The amount of oil and natural gas produced is subject to control by regulatory agencies in each province that periodically assign allowable rates of production. The province of Alberta and Government of Canada also monitor and regulate the volume of natural gas that may be removed from the province and the conditions of removal.



There is no current government regulation of the price that may be charged on the sale of Canadian oil or natural gas production. Canadian natural gas production destined for export is priced by market forces subject to export contracts meeting certain criteria prescribed by Canada’s National Energy Board and the Government of Canada.

All of Barnwell’s gross revenues were derived from properties located within Alberta, which charges oil and natural gas producers a royalty for production within the province. Provincial royalties are calculated as a percentage of revenue and vary depending on production volumes, selling prices and the date of discovery. Barnwell also pays gross overriding royalties and leasehold royalties on a portion of its oil and natural gas sales to parties other than the province of Alberta.

In January 2016, the Alberta Royalty Panel recommended a new modernized Alberta royalty framework which applies to wells drilled on or after January 1, 2017. The previous royalty framework will continue to apply to wells drilled prior to January 1, 2017 for a period of ten years, after which they will fall under the current royalty framework. Under the current royalty framework the same royalty calculation applies to both oil and natural gas wells, whereas the previous royalty framework had different royalties applicable to each category, and royalties are determined on a revenue minus cost basis where producers pay a flat royalty rate of 5% of gross revenues until a well reaches payout after which an increased post-payout royalty applies. Post payout royalties vary with commodity prices and are adjusted down for cost increases as wells age.

In fiscal 2019 and 2018, 47% and 66%, respectively, of royalties related to Alberta government charges, and 53% and 34%, respectively, of royalties related to freehold, override and other charges which are not directly affected by the Alberta royalty framework.

In fiscal 2019, the weighted-average royalty rate paid on all of Barnwell’s natural gas was 12%, and the weighted-average royalty rate paid on oil was 15%.

Barnwell’s oil and natural gas segment is currently subject to the provisions of the Alberta Energy Regulator’s (“AER”) Licensee Liability Rating (“LLR”) program. Under the LLR program the AER calculates a Liability Management Ratio (“LMR”) for a company based on the ratio of the company’s deemed assets over its deemed liabilities relating to wells and facilities for which the company is the licensed operator. The LMR assessment is designed to assess a company’s ability to address its suspension, abandonment, remediation, and reclamation liabilities. The value of the deemed assets is based on each well’s most recent twelve months of production and a rolling three-year average industry netback as determined by the AER annually. The AER has not recalculated the three-year average industry netback since March 2015 making the current value a premium to what most producers have been realizing. A recalculation of the value using current industry netback values would likely have a negative impact on our LMR. Companies with an LMR less than 1.0 are required to deposit funds with the AER to cover future deemed liabilities. At September 30, 2019, the Company had sufficient deemed asset value that no security deposit was due.

The AER reviews and approves the transfers of all well, facility and pipeline license from one operator to another, and requires purchasers of AER licensed oil and natural gas assets to have an LMR of 2.0 or higher immediately following the transfer of a license. This review process typically takes 30 to 60 days from the date of application. Application was made on August 28, 2018 for Barnwell of Canada to accept the transfer of the various licenses relating to the Twining acquisition. On October 2, 2018, the AER approved the transfer of all of the related licenses. As of the November 3, 2018 LMR report, we had an LMR of 2.09.



In September 2019, the AER issued an abandonment /closure order for all wells and facilities in the Manyberries area which had been operated by LGX Oil & Gas Ltd., an operating company that had gone into receivership in 2016. Of the wells and facilities listed by the AER, Barnwell has an average 11% working interest in 78 wells and 6 facilities. The estimated asset retirement obligation for the Company's wells and facilities in the Manyberries area is included in “Asset retirement obligation” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

On November 5, 2019, in response to the AER order, the Company submitted its proposed plan to abandon the Manyberries wells and facilities in an orderly fashion over a ten-year period. This area has unique access issues as a result of an Emergency Protection Order, under the Canadian Government’s Species at Risk Act, to protect the Sage Grouse. Access is limited to a window of mid-September to the end of November each year. The Company has taken the lead on behalf of two other working interest owners and has met with the Orphan Well Association (“OWA”), who will be responsible for abandoning and reclaiming the majority of the wells, to coordinate future activities. The Company expended some minor expenses in October 2019 to perform field inspections, secure wells, and take an inventory of equipment.

The plan that the Company has submitted proposes field activity beginning in the fall of 2020, our fiscal 2021 first quarter, which would initially involve removal and salvage of the surface equipment; these costs are estimated to be minimal due in part to the salvage value of the equipment. Beyond fiscal 2021, the Company expects to perform seven to ten well abandonments per year over an estimated ten-year period as well as abandon the facilities in that time period. Annual gross costs estimated to be incurred currently are approximately $500,000, net to the Company approximately $55,000, however, the Company expects it will have to pay the gross costs and then recover from the other working interest owners and the OWA their costs such that there will be a period between Barnwell having to pay the gross costs and getting reimbursed for the other parties’ portion.

## Competition

Barnwell competes in the sale of oil and natural gas on the basis of price and on the ability to deliver products. The oil and natural gas industry is intensely competitive in all phases, including the acquisition and development of new production and reserves and the acquisition of equipment and labor necessary to conduct drilling activities. The competition comes from numerous major oil companies as well as numerous other independent operators. There is also competition between the oil and natural gas industry and other industries in supplying the energy and fuel requirements of industrial, commercial and individual consumers. Barnwell is a minor participant in the industry and competes in its oil and natural gas activities with many other companies having far greater financial, technical and other resources.

## Land Investment Segment

## Overview

Barnwell owns a 77.6% interest in Kaupulehu Developments, a Hawaii general partnership that has the right to receive payments from KD I and KD II resulting from the sale of lots and/or residential units by KD I and KD II within the approximately 870 acres of the Kaupulehu Lot 4A area in two increments (“Increment I” and “Increment II”), located approximately six miles north of the Kona International Airport in the North Kona District of the island of Hawaii. Kaupulehu Developments also holds an interest in approximately 1,000 acres of vacant leasehold land zoned conservation located adjacent to Lot 4A under a lease that terminates in December 2025, which currently has no development potential without both a development agreement with the lessor and zoning reclassification.



Barnwell, through two limited liability limited partnerships, KD Kona and KKM Makai, holds a non-controlling ownership interest in the Kukio Resort land development partnerships which is comprised of KD Kukio Resorts, KD Maniniowali, and KDK. These entities, collectively referred to hereinafter as the “Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships,” own certain real estate and development rights interests in the Kukio, Maniniowali and Kaupulehu portions of Kukio Resort, a private residential community on the Kona coast of the island of Hawaii, as well as Kukio Resort’s real estate sales office operations. KDK holds interests in KD I and KD II. KD I is the developer of Kaupulehu Lot 4A Increment I, and KD II is the developer of Kaupulehu Lot 4A Increment II. Barnwell’s ownership interests in the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships is accounted for using the equity method of accounting.

## Operations

In the 1980s, Kaupulehu Developments obtained the state and county zoning changes necessary to permit development of the Four Seasons Resort Hualalai at Historic Ka’upulehu and Hualalai Golf Club, which opened in 1996, a second golf course, and single-family and multi-family residential units. These projects were developed by an unaffiliated entity on leasehold land acquired from Kaupulehu Developments.

In the 1990s and 2000s, Kaupulehu Developments obtained the state and county zoning changes necessary to permit development of single-family and multi-family residential units, a golf course and a limited commercial area on approximately 870 leasehold acres, known as Lot 4A, zoned for resort/residential development, located adjacent to and north of the Four Seasons Resort Hualalai at Historic Ka’upulehu. In 2004 and 2006, Kaupulehu Developments sold its leasehold interest in Kaupulehu Lot 4A to KD I’s and KD II’s predecessors in interest, which was prior to Barnwell’s affiliation with KD I and KD II which commenced on November 27, 2013, the acquisition date of our ownership interest in the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships.

Increment I is an area of 80 single-family lots, 61 of which were sold from 2006 to 2019 and of which 19 lots remain to be sold, and a beach club on the portion of the property bordering the Pacific Ocean. The purchasers of the 80 single-family lots will have the right to apply for membership in the Kuki’o Golf and Beach Club, which is located adjacent to and south of the Four Seasons Resort Hualalai at Historic Ka’upulehu. Increment II is the remaining portion of the approximately 870-acre property and is zoned for single-family and multi-family residential units and a golf course and clubhouse. Two residential lots of approximately two to three acres in size fronting the ocean were developed within Increment II and sold by KD II, and the remaining acreage within Increment II is not yet under development. It is uncertain when or if KD II will develop the other areas of Increment II, and there is no assurance with regards to the amounts of future sales from Increments I and II.

Kaupulehu Developments is entitled to receive payments from KD I based on the following percentages of the gross receipts from KD I’s sales of single-family residential lots in Increment I: 10% of such aggregate gross proceeds greater than $100,000,000 up to $300,000,000; and 14% of such aggregate gross proceeds in excess of $300,000,000. In fiscal 2019, one single-family lot in Increment I was sold bringing the total amount of gross proceeds from single-family lot sales through September 30, 2019 to $216,400,000.

Prior to March 7, 2019, Kaupulehu Developments was entitled to receive payments from KD II based on a percentage of the gross receipts from KD II’s sales of residential lots or units in Increment II ranging from 8% to 10% of the price of improved or unimproved lots or 2.60% to 3.25% of the price of units constructed on a lot, to be determined in the future depending upon a number of variables, including whether



the lots are sold prior to improvement. Kaupulehu Developments was also entitled to receive 50% of distributions otherwise payable from KD II to its members up to $8,000,000, of which $3,500,000 had been received, after the members of KD II received distributions equal to the original basis of capital invested in the project.

In March 2019, KD II admitted a new development partner, Replay Kaupulehu Development, LLC (“Replay”), a party unrelated to Barnwell, in an effort to move forward with development of the remainder of Increment II at Kaupulehu. Effective March 7, 2019, KDK and Replay hold ownership interests of 55% and 45%, respectively, of KD II. Accordingly, Barnwell has a 10.8% indirect non-controlling ownership interest in KD II through KDK as of that date that will continue to be accounted for using the equity method of accounting. Barnwell continues to have an indirect 19.6% non-controlling ownership interest in KD Kukio Resorts, LLLP, KD Maniniwali, LLLP, and KD I.

Concurrent with the transaction whereby KD II admitted Replay as a new development partner, Kaupulehu Developments entered into new agreements with KD II whereby the aforementioned terms of the former Increment II arrangement were eliminated and Kaupulehu Developments will instead be entitled to 15% of the cumulative net profits of KD II, the cost of which is to be solely borne by KDK out of its 55% ownership interest in KD II, plus a priority payout of 10% of KDK’s cumulative net profits derived from Increment II sales subsequent to Phase 2A, up to a maximum of $3,000,000 as to the priority payout. Such interests are limited to distributions or net profits interests and Barnwell will not have any partnership interests in KD II or KDK through its interest in Kaupulehu Developments. The new arrangement also gives Barnwell rights to three single-family residential lots in Phase 2A of Increment II, and four single-family residential lots in phases subsequent to Phase 2A when such lots are developed by KD II, all at no cost to Barnwell. Barnwell is committed to commence construction of improvements within 90 days of the transfer of the four lots in the phases subsequent to Phase 2A as a condition of the transfer of such lots. Also, in addition to Barnwell’s existing obligations to pay professional fees to certain parties based on percentages of its gross receipts, Kaupulehu Developments is now also obligated to pay an amount equal to 0.72% and 0.20% of the cumulative net profits of KD II to KD Development, LLC and a pool of various individuals, respectively, all of whom are partners of KKM Makai and are unrelated to Barnwell, in compensation for the agreement of these parties to admit the new development partner for Increment II. Such compensation will be reflected as the obligation becomes probable and the amount of the obligation can be reasonably estimated.

The Increment I percentage of sales arrangement between Barnwell and KD I remains unchanged.

In fiscal 2019, the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships made cash distributions to its partners of which Barnwell received $314,000, after distributing $38,000 to minority interests.

## Competition

Barnwell’s land investment segment is subject to intense competition in all phases of its operations including the acquisition of new properties, the securing of approvals necessary for land rezoning, and the search for potential buyers of property interests presently owned. The competition comes from numerous independent land development companies and other industries involved in land investment activities. The principal factors affecting competition are the location of the project and pricing. Barnwell is a minor participant in the land development industry and competes in its land investment activities with many other entities having far greater financial and other resources.



## Contract Drilling Segment

## Overview

Barnwell’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Water Resources, drills water and water monitoring wells of varying depths in Hawaii, installs and repairs water pumping systems, and is the distributor for Floway pumps and equipment in the state of Hawaii.

## Operations

Water Resources owns and operates five water well drilling rigs, two pump rigs and other ancillary drilling and pump equipment. Additionally, Water Resources leases a three-quarter of an acre maintenance facility in Honolulu, Hawaii, a one acre maintenance and storage facility with 2,800 square feet of interior space in Kawaīhae, Hawaii, and a one-half acre equipment storage yard in Waimea, Hawaii, and maintains an inventory of drilling materials and pump supplies.

Water Resources currently operates in Hawaii and is not subject to seasonal fluctuations. The demand for Water Resources’ services is primarily dependent upon land development activities in Hawaii. Water Resources markets its services to land developers and government agencies, and identifies potential contracts through public notices, its officers’ involvement in the community and referrals. Contracts are usually fixed price per lineal foot drilled and are negotiated with private entities or obtained through competitive bidding with private entities or local, state and federal agencies. Contract revenues are not dependent upon the discovery of water or other similar targets, and contracts are not subject to renegotiation of profits or termination at the election of the governmental entities involved. Contracts provide for arbitration in the event of disputes.

In fiscal 2019, Water Resources started four well drilling and five pump installation and repair contracts and completed one well drilling and three pump installation and repair contracts. All of the completed contracts were started in the current year. Seventy-two percent of well drilling and pump installation and repair jobs, representing 26% of total contract drilling revenues in fiscal 2019, have been pursuant to government contracts.

At September 30, 2019, there was a backlog of eight well drilling and seven pump installation and repair contracts, of which six well drilling and all seven pump installation and repair contracts were in progress as of September 30, 2019.

The approximate dollar amount of Water Resources’ backlog of firm well drilling and pump installation and repair contracts at December 1, 2019 and 2018 was as follows:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">December 1,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Well drilling</td><td>$ 8,800,000</td><td>$ 4,600,000</td></tr><tr><td>Pump installation and repair</td><td>1,200,000</td><td>1,200,000</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>$ 10,000,000</td><td>$ 5,800,000</td></tr></table>

Of the contracts in backlog at December 1, 2019, $6,800,000 is expected to be recognized in fiscal 2020 with the remainder to be recognized in the following fiscal year.



## Competition

Water Resources competes with other drilling contractors in Hawaii, some of which use drill rigs similar to Water Resources’. These competitors are also capable of installing and repairing vertical turbine and submersible water pumping systems in Hawaii. These contractors compete actively with Water Resources for government and private contracts. Pricing is Water Resources’ major method of competition; reliability of service is also a significant factor.

Competitive pressures are expected to remain high, thus there is no assurance that the quantity or values of available or awarded jobs which occurred in fiscal 2019 will continue.

## Financial Information About Industry Segments and Geographic Areas

Note 10 in the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” in Item 8 contains information on our segments and geographic areas.

## Employees

At December 1, 2019, Barnwell employed 43 individuals; 42 on a full time basis and 1 on a part time basis.

## Environmental Costs

Barnwell is subject to extensive environmental laws and regulations. U.S. Federal and state and Canadian Federal and provincial governmental agencies issue rules and regulations and enforce laws to protect the environment which are often difficult and costly to comply with and which carry substantial penalties for failure to comply, particularly in regard to the discharge of materials into the environment. These laws, which are constantly changing, regulate the discharge of materials into the environment and maintenance of surface conditions and may require Barnwell to remove or mitigate the environmental effects of the disposal or release of petroleum or chemical substances at various sites where it has a working interest.

For further information on environmental remediation, see the Contingencies section included in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the notes to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”

## Available Information

We are required to file annual, quarterly and current reports and other information with the SEC. These filings are not deemed to be incorporated by reference in this report. You may read and copy any document filed by us at the Public Reference Room of the SEC, 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549, on official business days during the hours of 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Our filings with the SEC are also available to the public through the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Furthermore, we maintain an internet site at www.brinc.com. We make available on our internet website free of charge our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to those reports as soon as practicable after we electronically file such reports with, or furnish them to, the SEC. The contents of these websites are not incorporated into this filing. Furthermore, the Company’s references to URLs for these websites are intended to be textual references only.



The business of Barnwell and its subsidiaries face numerous risks, including those set forth below or those described elsewhere in this Form 10-K or in Barnwell’s other filings with the SEC. The risks described below are not the only risks that Barnwell faces. If any of the following risk factors should occur, our profitability, financial condition or liquidity could be materially negatively impacted.

## Entity-Wide Risks

## The Company faces issues that could impair our ability to continue as a going concern in the future.

Our ability to sustain our business in the future will depend on sufficient oil and natural gas operating cash flows, which are highly sensitive to potentially volatile oil and natural gas prices, sufficient contract drilling operating cash flows, which are subject to potentially large changes in demand, sufficient future land investment segment proceeds and distributions from the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships, the timing of which are both highly uncertain and not within Barnwell’s control, and our ability to fund our needed oil and natural gas capital expenditures and the level of success of such capital expenditures, as well as our ability to fund oil and natural gas asset retirement obligations and ongoing operating and general and administrative expenses.

The Twining oil and natural gas reserves consist of proved producing reserves as well as a significant amount of proved reserves that are undeveloped. Our proved undeveloped reserves are estimated to require roughly $13,000,000 in future oil and natural gas capital expenditures to develop within the next five years. It is possible that we will need to obtain a significant amount of new financing in the form of debt or equity in order to develop the reserves to the level estimated by our independent reserve engineers.

Management believes our current cash balances and estimated future operating cash flows will be sufficient to fund the Company's estimated cash outflows for the next 12 months from the date of this report. The estimated future operating cash flows are based on management's probable estimates and assumes oil and natural gas prices do not decline and contract drilling jobs do not encounter unforeseen difficulties and are completed without unforeseen delays or stoppages. The estimated future operating cash flows are also based on management's estimates of operating cash flows from the drilling of oil and natural gas wells to convert proved undeveloped reserves to proved producing reserves, as well as the cash outflows required for the drilling of such wells. If actual results are less than management's estimates and if we are then unable to obtain financing or if the financing is not obtained in sufficient time or is not of sufficient magnitude to sustain our business, or if unforeseen circumstances arise that impair our ability to sustain our business, the Company will need to consider further sales of our assets or alternative strategies, or we may be forced to wind down our operations, either through liquidation or bankruptcy, and we may not be able to continue as a going concern beyond December 2020.

## Stockholders may be diluted significantly through our efforts to obtain financing and satisfy obligations through the issuance of securities.

Our Board of Directors has authority, without action or vote of the stockholders, subject to the requirements of the NYSE American (which generally require stockholder approval for any transactions which would result in the issuance of more than 20% of our then outstanding shares of common stock or voting rights representing over 20% of our then outstanding shares of stock, subject to certain exceptions, including sales in public offerings and/or sales which are undertaken at or above the greater of the book value and/or market value of the issuer’s common stock on the date the transaction is agreed to be completed), to



issue all or part of the authorized but unissued shares of common stock, preferred stock or warrants to purchase such shares of common stock. In addition, we may attempt to raise capital by selling shares of our common stock, possibly at a discount to market in the future. These actions would result in dilution of the ownership interests of existing stockholders and may further dilute common stock book value, and that dilution may be material. Such issuances also may serve to enhance existing management’s ability to maintain control of us, because the shares may be issued to parties or entities committed to supporting existing management.

We are subject to the Continued Listing Criteria of the NYSE American and our failure to satisfy these criteria may result in delisting of our common stock.

Our common stock is currently listed on the NYSE American. In order to maintain this listing, we must maintain certain share prices, financial and share distribution targets, including maintaining a minimum amount of stockholders' equity and a minimum number of public stockholders. In addition to these objective standards, the NYSE American may delist the securities of any issuer if, in its opinion, the issuer's financial condition and/or operating results appear unsatisfactory; if it appears that the extent of public distribution or the aggregate market value of the security has become so reduced as to make continued listing on the NYSE American inadvisable; if the issuer sells or disposes of principal operating assets or ceases to be an operating company; if an issuer fails to comply with the NYSE American's listing requirements; if an issuer's common stock sells at what the NYSE American considers a "low selling price" (generally trading below $0.20 per share for an extended period of time); or if any other event occurs or any condition exists which makes continued listing on the NYSE American, in its opinion, inadvisable.

If the NYSE American delists our common stock, investors may face material adverse consequences, including, but not limited to, a lack of trading market for our securities, reduced liquidity, and an inability for us to obtain additional financing to fund our operations.

Due to the fact that our common stock is listed on the NYSE American, we are subject to financial and other reporting and corporate governance requirements which increase our costs and expenses.

We are currently required to file annual and quarterly information and other reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission that are specified in Sections 13 and 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Additionally, due to the fact that our common stock is listed on the NYSE American, we are also subject to the requirements to maintain independent directors, comply with other corporate governance requirements and are required to pay annual listing and stock issuance fees. These obligations require a commitment of additional resources including, but not limited, to additional expenses, and may result in the diversion of our senior management’s time and attention from our day-to-day operations. These obligations increase our expenses and may make it more complicated or time consuming for us to undertake certain corporate actions due to the fact that we may require NYSE approval for such transactions and/or NYSE rules may require us to obtain stockholder approval for such transactions.

A small number of stockholders, including our CEO, own a significant amount of our common stock and have influence over our business regardless of the opposition of other stockholders.

As of September 30, 2019, the CEO, who is a member of the Board of Directors, and two others hold approximately 36% of our outstanding common stock. The interests of one or more of these stockholders may not always coincide with the interests of other stockholders. These stockholders have significant influence over all matters submitted to our stockholders, including the election of our directors, and could accelerate, delay, deter or prevent a change of control of the Company. The significant stockholders who are also members of the Board of Directors could significantly affect our business, policies and affairs.



## Our operations are subject to currency rate fluctuations.

Our operations are subject to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and the Canadian dollar. Our financial statements, presented in U.S. dollars, may be affected by foreign currency fluctuations through both translation risk and transaction risk. Volatility in exchange rates may adversely affect our results of operations, particularly through the weakening of the U.S. dollar relative to the Canadian dollar which may affect the relative prices at which we sell our oil and natural gas and may affect the cost of certain items required in our operations. To date, we have not entered into foreign currency hedging transactions to control or minimize these risks.

Adverse changes in actuarial assumptions used to calculate retirement plan costs due to economic or other factors, or lower returns on plan assets could adversely affect Barnwell’s results and financial condition.

Retirement plan cash funding obligations and plan expenses and obligations are subject to a high degree of uncertainty and could increase in future years depending on numerous factors, including the performance of the financial markets, specifically the equity markets, levels of interest rates, and the cost of health care insurance premiums.

## The price of our common stock has been volatile and could continue to fluctuate substantially.

The market price of our common stock has been volatile and could fluctuate based on a variety of factors, including:

• fluctuations in commodity prices;

• variations in results of operations;

• announcements by us and our competitors;

• legislative or regulatory changes;

• general trends in the industry;

• general market conditions;

• litigation; and

• other events applicable to our industries.

## Failure to retain key personnel could hurt our operations.

We require highly skilled and experienced personnel to operate our business. In addition to competing in highly competitive industries, we compete in a highly competitive labor market. Our business could be adversely affected by an inability to retain personnel or upward pressure on wages as a result of the highly competitive labor market. Further, there are significant personal liability risks to Barnwell of Canada's individual officers and directors related to well clean-up costs that may affect our ability to attract or retain the necessary people.



We are a smaller reporting company and benefit from certain reduced governance and disclosure requirements, including that our independent registered public accounting firm is not required to attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. We cannot be certain if the omission of reduced disclosure requirements applicable to smaller reporting companies will make our common stock less attractive to investors.

Currently, we are a “smaller reporting company,” meaning that our outstanding common stock held by nonaffiliates had a value of less than $250 million at the end of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter. As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, meaning our auditors are not required to attest to the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. As a result, investors and others may be less comfortable with the effectiveness of the Company’s internal controls and the risk that material weaknesses or other deficiencies in internal controls go undetected may increase. In addition, as a smaller reporting company, we take advantage of our ability to provide certain other less comprehensive disclosures in our SEC filings, including, among other things, providing only two years of audited financial statements in annual reports and simplified executive compensation disclosures. Consequently, it may be more challenging for investors to analyze our results of operations and financial prospects, as the information we provide to stockholders may be different from what one might receive from other public companies in which one hold shares. As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide this information.

## Risks Related to Oil and Natural Gas Segment

Acquisitions or discoveries of additional reserves are needed to increase our oil and natural gas segment operating results and cash flow.

Since fiscal 2014, Barnwell has been selectively divesting oil and natural assets to improve operational focus, reduce abandonment liabilities, and decrease the Company's debt burden, however, as a result of these sales, our oil and natural gas segment revenues and operating cash flow have significantly declined. Most notably, in September 2015, we sold our interest in our principal oil and natural gas property Dunvegan, which resulted in a 60% decrease in our proved natural gas reserves and a 34% decrease in our proved oil and natural gas liquids reserves. In fiscal 2015, Dunvegan contributed 46% of our total oil and natural gas revenues. In February 2018, we sold our interest in our oil and natural gas property Red Earth. Red Earth represented 0.07% of our proved natural gas reserves and 25% of our proved oil and natural gas liquids reserves as of September 30, 2017, and 22% of our total oil and natural gas revenues in the year ended September 30, 2017.

In August 2018, Barnwell made a significant reinvestment into its oil and natural gas segment with the acquisition of the Twining property in Alberta, Canada which resulted in a significant increase in our proved reserves. However, a significant portion of those proved reserves include proved undeveloped reserves for which it is estimated that $13,000,000 in future capital expenditures will need to be made to convert those undeveloped reserves into developed reserves. The ability to convert the undeveloped reserves to developed reserves will be heavily influenced by the cash flows generated by the oil and natural gas segment, the results of such drilling, and the need for and sufficiency of any potential future capital financing. If future circumstances are such that we are not able to make the capital expenditures necessary to convert the undeveloped reserves to developed reserves, our future reserves and resulting operating results and cash flows from our reserves will be less than our expectations and less than the estimations included in this report. Also, continued reinvestment in oil and natural gas segment assets are needed to replace the significant amount of reserves produced and sold.



Future oil and natural gas operating results and cash flow are highly dependent upon our level of success in acquiring or finding additional reserves on an economic basis. We cannot guarantee that we will be successful in developing or acquiring additional reserves and our current financial resources may be insufficient to make such investments. Furthermore, if oil or natural gas prices increase, our cost for additional reserves could also increase.

We may have difficulty funding oil and natural gas segment capital expenditures which could have an adverse effect on our business.

Conversion of our proved undeveloped reserves into proved developed reserves will require substantial capital expenditures which we intend to fund using cash on hand and operational cash generated, if any. However, the Company's current cash on hand and future cash earnings is likely to be needed to fund upcoming cash needs including asset retirement obligations, retirement plan funding, and ongoing operating and general and administrative expenses, such that some or potentially all of the cash will not be available for reinvestment. Future cash flows from operations are uncertain and are based on a number of variables including the level of production from existing wells, oil and natural gas prices, and our success in acquiring and developing new reserves.

Disruptions in the capital and credit markets, in particular with respect to companies in the energy sector, could limit our ability to access these markets or may significantly increase our cost to borrow. Decreases in commodity prices in recent years, among other factors, are causing and may continue to cause lenders to increase interest rates, enact tighter lending standards which we may not be able to satisfy, and reduce or cease to provide funding to borrowers. If additional capital is required, we may not be able to obtain financing on terms favorable to us, or at all. If cash on hand and cash generated by operations, if any, is not sufficient to meet our capital requirements, the failure to obtain additional financing could limit our ability to fund capital expenditures, and we may need to curtail the development of our proved undeveloped reserves or be forced to sell some of our oil and natural gas segment assets under untimely or unfavorable terms. Any such curtailment or sale could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

## We may not realize an adequate return on oil and natural gas investments.

Drilling for oil and natural gas involves numerous risks, including the risk that we will not encounter commercially productive oil or natural gas reservoirs. The wells we drill or participate in may not be productive, and we may not recover all or any portion of our investment in those wells. If future oil and natural gas segment acquisition and development activities are not successful it could have an adverse effect on our future results of operations and financial condition.

Oil and natural gas prices are highly volatile and further declines, or extended low prices will significantly affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Much of our revenues and cash flow are greatly dependent upon prevailing prices for oil and natural gas. Lower oil and natural gas prices not only decrease our revenues on a per unit basis, but also reduce the amount of oil and natural gas we can produce economically, if any. Prices that do not produce sufficient operating margins will have a material adverse effect on our operations, financial condition, operating cash flows, borrowing ability, reserves, and the amount of capital that we are able to allocate for the acquisition and development of oil and natural gas reserves.



Various factors beyond our control affect prices of oil and natural gas including, but not limited to, changes in supply and demand, market uncertainty, weather, worldwide political instability, foreign supply of oil and natural gas, the level of consumer product demand, government regulations and taxes, the price and availability of alternative fuels and the overall economic environment. Energy prices are also subject to other political and regulatory actions outside our control, which may include changes in the policies of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries or other developments involving or affecting oil-producing countries, or actions or reactions of the government of the United States in anticipation of or in response to such developments.

The inability of one or more of our working interest partners to meet their obligations may adversely affect our financial results.

For our operated properties, we pay expenses and bill our non-operating partners for their respective shares of costs. Some of our non-operating partners may experience liquidity problems and may not be able to meet their financial obligations. Nonperformance by a non-operating partner could result in significant financial losses.

Liquidity problems encountered by our working interest partners or the third party operators of our non-operated properties may also result in significant financial losses as the other working interest partners or third party operators may be unwilling or unable to pay their share of the costs of projects as they become due. In the event a third party operator of a non-operated property becomes insolvent, it may result in increased operating expenses and cash required for abandonment liabilities if the Company is required to take over operatorship. Barnwell holds a 10% working interest, the largest working interest other than that held by the operator, in a property with approximately 80 wells where the operator is in receivership.

We may incur material costs to comply with or as a result of health, safety, and environmental laws and regulations.

The oil and natural gas industry is subject to extensive environmental regulation pursuant to local, provincial and federal legislation. A violation of that legislation may result in the imposition of fines or the issuance of “clean up” orders. Legislation regulating the oil and natural gas industry may be changed to impose higher standards and potentially more costly obligations. Although we have recorded a provision in our financial statements relating to our estimated future environmental and reclamation obligations that we believe is reasonable, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to satisfy our actual future environmental and reclamation obligations.

Barnwell's oil and natural gas segment is subject to the provisions of the Alberta Energy Regulator's ("AER") Licensee Liability Rating ("LLR") program. Under the LLR program the AER calculates a Liability Management Ratio ("LMR") for a company based on the ratio of the company's deemed assets over its deemed liabilities relating to wells and facilities for which the company is the licensed operator and imposes a security deposit on operators whose estimated liabilities exceed their deemed asset value. At September 30, 2019, the Company had sufficient deemed asset value that no security deposit was due. However, decreases in prices and production and related netbacks from relevant properties could result in a decline in the Company's deemed asset value to a point where a deposit could be due in the future.

The AER requires purchasers of AER licensed oil and natural gas assets to have an LMR of 2.0 or higher immediately following the transfer of a license. This LMR requirement for well transfers hinders our ability to generate capital by selling oil and natural gas assets as there are less qualified buyers.



A requirement to provide security deposit funds to the AER in the future would result in the diversion of cash on hand and operating cash flows that could otherwise be used to fund oil and natural gas reserve replacement efforts, which could in turn have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. If Barnwell fails to comply with the requirements of the LLR program, Barnwell's oil and natural gas subsidiary would be subject to the AER's enforcement provisions which could include suspension of operations and non-compliance fees and could ultimately result in the AER serving the Company with a closure order to shut-in all operated wells. Additionally, if Barnwell is non-compliant, the Company would be prohibited from transferring well licenses which would prohibit us from selling any oil and natural gas assets until the required cash deposit is made with the AER.

We are not fully insured against certain environmental risks, either because such insurance is not available or because of high premium costs. In particular, insurance against risks from environmental pollution occurring over time, as opposed to sudden and catastrophic damages, is not available on economically reasonable terms. Accordingly, any site reclamation or abandonment costs actually incurred in the ordinary course of business in a specific period could negatively impact our cash flow. Should we be unable to fully fund the cost of remedying an environmental problem, we might be required to suspend operations or enter into interim compliance measures pending completion of the required remedy.

We may fail to fully identify potential problems related to acquired reserves or to properly estimate those reserves.

We periodically evaluate acquisitions of reserves, properties, prospects and leaseholds and other strategic transactions that appear to fit within our overall business strategy. Our evaluation includes an assessment of reserves, future oil and natural gas prices, operating costs, potential for future drilling and production, validity of the seller’s title to the properties and potential environmental issues, litigation and other liabilities.

In connection with these assessments, we perform a review of the subject properties that we believe to be generally consistent with industry practices. Our review will not reveal all existing or potential problems nor will it permit us to become sufficiently familiar with the properties to fully assess their deficiencies and potential recoverable reserves. Inspections may not always be performed on every well, and environmental problems are not necessarily observable even when an inspection is undertaken. Even when problems are identified, the seller may be unwilling or unable to provide effective contractual protection against all or part of the problems. We often are not entitled to contractual indemnification for environmental liabilities or title defects in excess of the amounts claimed by us before closing and acquire properties on an “as is” basis.

There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities of proved oil and gas reserves and future production rates and costs with respect to acquired properties, and actual results may vary substantially from those assumed in the estimates.

If oil and natural gas prices decline, we may be required to take write-downs of the carrying values of our oil and natural gas properties.

Oil and natural gas prices affect the value of our oil and natural gas properties as determined in our full cost ceiling calculation. Any future ceiling test write-downs will result in reductions of the carrying value of our oil and natural gas properties and an equivalent charge to earnings.



## The oil and natural gas industry is highly competitive.

We compete for capital, acquisitions of reserves, undeveloped lands, skilled personnel, access to drilling rigs, service rigs and other equipment, access to processing facilities, pipeline capacity and in many other respects with a substantial number of other organizations, most of which have greater technical and financial resources than we do. Some of these organizations explore for, develop and produce oil and natural gas, carry on refining operations and market oil and other products on a worldwide basis. As a result of these complementary activities, some of our competitors may have competitive resources that are greater and more diverse than ours. Furthermore, many of our competitors may have a competitive advantage when responding to factors that affect demand for oil and natural gas production, such as changing prices and production levels, the cost and availability of alternative fuels and the application of government regulations. If our competitors are able to capitalize on these competitive resources, it could adversely affect our revenues.

An increase in operating costs greater than anticipated could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Higher operating costs for our properties will directly decrease the amount of cash flow received by us. Electricity, supplies, and labor costs are a few of the operating costs that are susceptible to material fluctuation. The need for significant repairs and maintenance of infrastructure may increase as our properties age. A significant increase in operating costs could negatively impact operating results and cash flow.

Our operating results are affected by our ability to market the oil and natural gas that we produce.

Our business depends in part upon the availability, proximity and capacity of oil and natural gas gathering systems, pipelines and processing facilities. Canadian federal and provincial, as well as United States federal and state, regulation of oil and natural gas production, processing and transportation, tax and energy policies, general economic conditions, and changes in supply and demand could adversely affect our ability to produce and market oil and natural gas. If market factors change and inhibit the marketing of our production, overall production or realized prices may decline.

We are not the operator and have limited influence over the operations of certain of our oil and natural gas properties.

We hold minority interests in certain of our oil and natural gas properties. As a result, we cannot control the pace of exploration or development, major decisions affecting the drilling of wells, the plan for development and production at non-operated properties, or the timing and amount of costs related to abandonment and reclamation activities although contract provisions give Barnwell certain consent rights in some matters. The operator’s influence over these matters can affect the pace at which we incur capital expenditures. Additionally, as certain underlying joint venture data is not accessible to us, we depend on the operators at non-operated properties to provide us with reliable accounting information. We also depend on operators and joint operators to maintain the financial resources to fund their share of all abandonment and reclamation costs.



## Actual reserves will vary from reserve estimates.

Estimating reserves is inherently uncertain and the reserves estimation process involves significant decisions and assumptions in the evaluation of available geological, geophysical, engineering and economic data. The reserve data and standardized measures set forth herein are only estimates. Ultimately, actual reserves attributable to our properties will vary from estimates, and those variations may be material. The estimation of reserves involves a number of factors and assumptions, including, among others:

• oil and natural gas prices as prescribed by SEC regulations;

- historical production from our wells compared with production rates from similar producing wells in the area;

• future commodity prices, production and development costs, royalties and capital expenditures;

• initial production rates;

• production decline rates;

• ultimate recovery of reserves;

• success of future development activities;

• marketability of production;

• effects of government regulation; and

• other government levies that may be imposed over the producing life of reserves.

If these factors, assumptions and prices prove to be inaccurate, actual results may vary materially from reserve estimates.

SEC rules could limit our ability to book additional proved undeveloped reserves (“PUDs”) in the future.

SEC rules require that, subject to limited exceptions, PUDs may only be booked if they relate to wells scheduled to be drilled within five years after the date of booking. This requirement may limit our ability to book additional PUDs as we pursue our drilling program. Moreover, we may be required to write down our PUDs if we do not drill or plan on delaying those wells within the required five-year timeframe.

Part of our strategy involves using some of the latest available horizontal drilling and completion techniques. The results of our drilling are subject to drilling and completion technique risks, and results may not meet our expectations for reserves or production.

Many of our operations involve, and are planned to utilize, the latest drilling and completion techniques as developed by our service providers in order to maximize production and ultimate recoveries and therefore generate the highest possible returns. Risks we face while completing our wells include, but are not limited to, the inability to fracture stimulate the planned number of stages, the inability to run tools and other equipment the entire length of the well bore during completion operations, the inability to recover such tools and other equipment, and the inability to successfully clean out the well bore after completion of the final fracture stimulation. Ultimately, the success of these drilling and completion techniques can only be evaluated over time as more wells are drilled and production profiles are established over a sufficiently long time period. If our drilling results are less than anticipated or we are unable to execute our drilling program because of capital constraints, lease expirations, limited access to gathering systems and takeaway capacity, and/or prices for crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids decline, then the return on our investment for a particular project may not be as attractive as we anticipated and we could incur material write-downs of oil and gas properties and the value of our undeveloped acreage could decline in the future.



Production and reserves, if any, attributable to the use of enhanced recovery methods are inherently difficult to predict. If our enhanced recovery methods do not allow for the extraction of crude oil, natural gas, and associated liquids in a manner or to the extent that we anticipate, we may not realize an acceptable return on our investments in such projects.

## Delays in business operations could adversely affect the amount and timing of our cash inflows.

In addition to the usual delays in payment by purchasers of oil and natural gas to the operators of our properties, and the delays of those operators in remitting payment to us, payments between any of these parties may also be delayed by:

• restrictions imposed by lenders;

• accounting delays;

• delays in the sale or delivery of products;

• delays in the connection of wells to a gathering system;

• blowouts or other accidents;

• adjustments for prior periods;

• recovery by the operator of expenses incurred in the operation of the properties; and

• the establishment by the operator of reserves for these expenses.

Any of these delays could expose us to additional third party credit risks.

## The oil and natural gas market in which we operate exposes us to potential liabilities that may not be covered by insurance.

Our operations are subject to all of the risks associated with the operation and development of oil and natural gas properties, including the drilling of oil and natural gas wells, and the production and transportation of oil and natural gas. These risks include encountering unexpected formations or pressures, premature declines of reservoirs, blow-outs, equipment failures and other accidents, cratering, sour gas releases, uncontrollable flows of oil, natural gas or well fluids, adverse weather conditions, pollution, other environmental risks, fires and spills. A number of these risks could result in personal injury, loss of life, or environmental and other damage to our property or the property of others.

While we carry various levels of insurance, we could be affected by civil, criminal, regulatory or administrative actions, claims or proceedings. We cannot fully protect against all of the risks listed above, nor are all of these risks insurable. There is no assurance that any applicable insurance or indemnification agreements will adequately protect us against liability for the risks listed above. We could face substantial losses if an event occurs for which we are not fully insured or are not indemnified against or a customer or insurer fails to meet its indemnification or insurance obligations. In addition, there can be no assurance that insurance will continue to be available to cover any or all of these risks, or, even if available, that insurance premiums or other costs will not rise significantly in the future, so as to make the cost of such insurance prohibitive.

Deficiencies in operating practices and record keeping, if any, may increase our risks and liabilities relating to incidents such as spills and releases and may increase the level of regulatory enforcement actions.



Our operations are subject to domestic and foreign government regulation and other risks, particularly in Canada and the United States.

Barnwell’s oil and natural gas operations are affected by political developments and laws and regulations, particularly in Canada and the United States, such as restrictions on production, restrictions on imports and exports, the maintenance of specified reserves, tax increases and retroactive tax claims, expropriation of property, cancellation of contract rights, environmental protection controls, environmental compliance requirements and laws pertaining to workers’ health and safety. Further, the right to explore for and develop oil and natural gas on lands in Alberta, Saskatchewan and British Columbia is controlled by the governments of each of those provinces. Changes in royalties and other terms of provincial leases, permits and reservations may have a substantial effect on Barnwell’s operations. We derive a significant portion of our revenues from our operations in Canada; 54% in fiscal 2019.

Additionally, our ability to compete in the Canadian oil and natural gas industry may be adversely affected by governmental regulations or other policies that favor the awarding of contracts to contractors in which Canadian nationals have substantial ownership interests. Furthermore, we may face governmentally imposed restrictions or fees from time to time on the transfer of funds to the U.S.

Government regulations control and often limit access to potential markets and impose extensive requirements concerning employee safety, environmental protection, pollution control and remediation of environmental contamination. Environmental regulations, in particular, prohibit access to some markets and make others less economical, increase equipment and personnel costs and often impose liability without regard to negligence or fault. In addition, governmental regulations may discourage our customers' activities, reducing demand for our products and services.

## Compliance with foreign tax and other laws may adversely affect our operations.

Tax and other laws and regulations are not always interpreted consistently among local, regional and national authorities. Income tax laws, other legislation or government incentive programs relating to the oil and natural gas industry may in the future be changed or interpreted in a manner that adversely affects us and our stockholders. It is also possible that in the future we will be subject to disputes concerning taxation and other matters in Canada, including the manner in which we calculate our income for tax purposes, and these disputes could have a material adverse effect on our financial performance.

## Unforeseen title defects may result in a loss of entitlement to production and reserves.

Although we conduct title reviews in accordance with industry practice prior to any purchase of resource assets or property, such reviews do not guarantee that an unforeseen defect in the chain of title will not arise and defeat our title to the purchased assets. If such a defect were to occur, our entitlement to the production from such purchased assets could be jeopardized.

## Risks Related to Land Investment Segment

Receipt of future payments from KD I and KD II and cash distributions from the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships is dependent upon the developer’s continued efforts and ability to develop and market the property.

We are entitled to receive future payments based on a percentage of the sales prices of residential lots sold within the Kaupulehu area by KD I and KD II as well as a percentage of future distributions KD II



makes to its members. However, in order to collect such payments we are reliant upon the developer, KD I and KD II, in which we own a non-controlling ownership interest, to continue to market the remaining lots within Increment I and to proceed with the development or sale of the remaining portion of Increment II. Additionally, future cash distributions from the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships, which includes KD I and KD II, are also dependent on future lot sales in Increment I by KD I and the development or sale of Increment II by KD II. It is uncertain when or if KD II will develop or sell the remaining portion of Increment II, and there is no assurance with regards to the amounts of future sales from Increments I and II. We do not have a controlling interest in the partnerships, and therefore are dependent on the general partner for development decisions. The receipt of future payments and cash distributions could be jeopardized if the developer fails to proceed with development and marketing of the property.

We hold investment interests in unconsolidated land development partnerships, which are accounted for using the equity method of accounting, in which we do not have a controlling interest. These investments involve risks and are highly illiquid.

These investments involve risks which include:

- the lack of a controlling interest in these partnerships and, therefore, the inability to require that the entities sell assets, return invested capital or take any other action without obtaining the majority vote of partners;

• potential for future additional capital contributions to fund operations and development activities;

- the adverse impact on overall profitability if the entities do not achieve the financial results projected;

- the reallocation of amounts of capital from other operating initiatives and/or an increase in indebtedness to pay potential future additional capital contributions, which could in turn restrict our ability to access additional capital when needed or to pursue other important elements of our business strategy;

- undisclosed, contingent or other liabilities or problems, unanticipated costs, and an inability to recover or manage such liabilities and costs; and

- certain underlying partnership data is not accessible to us, therefore we depend on the general partner to provide us with reliable accounting information.

We may be required to write-down the carrying value of our investment in the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships if our assumptions about future lot sales and profitability prove incorrect. Any write-down would negatively impact our results of operations.

In analyzing the value of our investment in the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships, we have made assumptions about the level of future lot sales, operating and development costs, cash generation and market conditions. These assumptions are based on management’s and the general partner’s best estimates and if the actual results differ significantly from these assumptions, we may not be able to realize the value of the assets recorded, which could lead to an impairment of certain of these assets in the future. Such a write-down would have a negative impact on our results of operations.

Our land investment business is concentrated in the state of Hawaii. As a result, our financial results are dependent on the economic growth and health of Hawaii, particularly the island of Hawaii.

Barnwell’s land investment segment is impacted by the condition of Hawaii’s real estate market, which is affected by Hawaii’s economy and Hawaii’s tourism industry, as well as the United States and world economies in general. Any future cash flows from Barnwell’s land development activities are subject to,



among other factors, the level of real estate activity and prices, the demand for new housing and second homes on the island of Hawaii, the rate of increase in the cost of building materials and labor, the introduction of building code modifications, changes to zoning laws, and the level of confidence in Hawaii’s economy.

## The occurrence of natural disasters in Hawaii could adversely affect our business.

The occurrence of a natural disaster in Hawaii such as, but not limited to, earthquakes, landslides, hurricanes, tornadoes, tsunamis, volcanic activity, droughts and floods, could have a material adverse effect on our land investments. The occurrence of a natural disaster could also cause property and flood insurance rates and deductibles to increase, which could reduce demand for real estate in Hawaii.

## Risks Related to Contract Drilling Segment

Demand for water well drilling and/or pump installation is volatile. A decrease in demand for our services could adversely affect our revenues and results of operations.

Demand for services is highly dependent upon land development activities in the state of Hawaii. As also noted above, the real estate development industry is cyclical in nature and is particularly vulnerable to shifts in local, regional, and national economic conditions outside of our control such as interest rates, housing demand, population growth, employment levels and job growth and property taxes. A decrease in water well drilling and/or pump installation contracts will result in decreased revenues and operating results.

If we are unable to accurately estimate the overall risks, requirements or costs when bidding on or negotiating a contract that is ultimately awarded, we may achieve a lower than anticipated profit or incur a loss on the contract.

Contracts are usually fixed price per lineal foot drilled and require the provision of line-item materials at a fixed unit price based on approved quantities irrespective of actual per unit costs. Under such contracts, prices are established in part on cost and scheduling estimates, which are based on a number of assumptions, many of which are beyond our control. Expected profits on contracts are realized only if costs are accurately estimated and successfully controlled. We may not be able to obtain compensation for additional work performed or expenses incurred as a result of changes or inaccuracies in these estimates and underlying assumptions, such as unanticipated sub-surface site conditions, unanticipated technical problems, equipment failures, inefficiencies, cost of raw materials, schedule delays due to constraints on drilling hours, weather delays, or accidents. If cost estimates for a contract are inaccurate, or if the contract is not performed within cost estimates, then cost overruns may result in losses or cause the contract not to be as profitable as expected.

A significant portion of our contract drilling business is dependent on municipalities and a decline in municipal spending could adversely impact our business.

A significant portion of our contract drilling division revenues is derived from water and infrastructure contracts with governmental entities or agencies; 26% in fiscal 2019. Reduced tax revenues and governmental budgets may limit spending by local governments which in turn will affect the demand for our services. Material reductions in spending by a significant number of local governmental agencies could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, liquidity and financial position.



## Our contract drilling operations face significant competition.

We face competition for our services from a variety of competitors. Many of our competitors utilize drilling rigs that drill as quickly as our equipment but require less labor. Our strategy is to compete based on pricing and to a lesser degree, quality of service. If we are unable to compete effectively with our competitors, our financial results could be adversely affected.

The loss of or damage to key vendor, customer or sub-contractor relationships would adversely affect our operations.

Our contract drilling business is dependent on our relationships with key vendors, customers and subcontractors. The loss of or damage to any of our key relationships could negatively affect our business.

Awarding of contracts is dependent upon our ability to obtain contract bid and performance bonds from insurers.

There can be no assurance that our ability to obtain such bonds will continue on the same basis as the past. Additionally, bonding insurance rates may increase and have an impact on our ability to win competitive bids, which could have a corresponding material impact on contract drilling operating results.

The contracts in our backlog are subject to change orders and cancellation.

Our backlog consists of the uncompleted portion of services to be performed under contracts that have been started and new contracts not yet started. Our contracts are subject to change orders and cancellations, and such changes could adversely affect our operations.

The occurrence of natural disasters in Hawaii could adversely affect our business.

The occurrence of a natural disaster in Hawaii such as, but not limited to, earthquakes, landslides, hurricanes, tornadoes, tsunamis, volcanic activity, droughts and floods, could have a material adverse effect on our ability to complete our contracts.

## ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

## ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

## Oil and Natural Gas and Land Investment Properties

The location and character of Barnwell’s oil and natural gas properties and its land investment properties, are described above under Item 1, “Business.”

## Corporate Offices

Barnwell, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, owns the 29th floor of a commercial office building in downtown Honolulu that it uses as its corporate office.



## ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Barnwell is routinely involved in disputes with third parties that occasionally require litigation. In addition, Barnwell is required to maintain compliance with all current governmental controls and regulations in the ordinary course of business. Barnwell’s management is not aware of any claims or litigation involving Barnwell that are likely to have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, financial position or liquidity.

## ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Disclosure is not applicable to Barnwell.



## PART II

## ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

## Market Information

The principal market on which Barnwell’s common stock is being traded is the NYSE American under the ticker symbol “BRN.” The following tables present the quarterly high and low sales prices, on the NYSE American, for Barnwell’s common stock during the periods indicated:

<table><tr><td>Quarter Ended</td><td>High</td><td>Low</td><td>Quarter Ended</td><td>High</td><td>Low</td></tr><tr><td>December 31, 2017</td><td>$2.70</td><td>$1.80</td><td>December 31, 2018</td><td>$1.86</td><td>$1.22</td></tr><tr><td>March 31, 2018</td><td>$2.95</td><td>$1.80</td><td>March 31, 2019</td><td>$1.64</td><td>$1.27</td></tr><tr><td>June 30, 2018</td><td>$2.47</td><td>$1.63</td><td>June 30, 2019</td><td>$1.49</td><td>$1.03</td></tr><tr><td>September 30, 2018</td><td>$2.95</td><td>$1.69</td><td>September 30, 2019</td><td>$1.12</td><td>$0.46</td></tr></table>

## Holders

As of December 3, 2019, there were 8,277,160 shares of common stock, par value $0.50, outstanding. As of December 3, 2019, there were approximately 80 shareholders of record and approximately 1,000 beneficial owners.

## Dividends

No dividends were declared or paid during fiscal years 2019 or 2018. The payment of future cash dividends will depend on, among other things, our financial condition, operating cash flows, the amount of cash inflows from land investment activities, and the level of our oil and natural gas capital expenditures.

## Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

See the information included in Part III, Item 12, under the caption “Equity Compensation Plan Information.”

## Stock Performance Graph and Cumulative Total Return

Disclosure is not required as Barnwell qualifies as a smaller reporting company.

## ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

Disclosure is not required as Barnwell qualifies as a smaller reporting company.



## ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion is intended to assist in the understanding of the Consolidated Balance Sheets of Barnwell Industries, Inc. and subsidiaries (collectively referred to herein as “Barnwell,” “we,” “our,” “us” or the “Company”) as of September 30, 2019 and 2018, and the related Consolidated Statements of Operations, Comprehensive Loss, Equity, and Cash Flows for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this report.

## Current Outlook

Our ability to sustain our business depends on sufficient oil and natural gas operating cash flows, which are highly sensitive to potentially volatile oil and natural gas prices, sufficient contract drilling operating cash flows, which are subject to potentially large changes in demand, sufficient future land investment segment proceeds and distributions from the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships, the timing of which are both highly uncertain and not within Barnwell’s control, and our ability to fund our needed oil and natural gas capital expenditures and the level of success of such capital expenditures, as well as our ability to fund oil and natural gas asset retirement obligations and ongoing operating and general and administrative expenses.

Management believes our current cash balances and estimated future operating cash flows will be sufficient to fund the Company's estimated cash outflows for the next 12 months from the date of this report. The estimated future operating cash flows are based on management's probable estimates and assumes oil and natural gas prices do not decline and contract drilling jobs do not encounter unforeseen difficulties and are completed without unforeseen delays or stoppages. The estimated future operating cash flows are also based on management's estimates of operating cash flows from the drilling of oil and natural gas wells to convert proved undeveloped reserves to proved producing reserves, as well as the cash outflows required for the drilling of such wells. If actual results are less than management's estimates and if we are then unable to obtain financing or if the financing is not obtained in sufficient time or is not of sufficient magnitude to sustain our business, or if unforeseen circumstances arise that impair our ability to sustain our business, the Company will need to consider further sales of our assets or alternative strategies, or we may be forced to wind down our operations, either through liquidation or bankruptcy, and we may not be able to continue as a going concern beyond December 2020.

## Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The Company considers an accounting estimate to be critical if the accounting estimate requires the Company to make assumptions that are difficult or subjective about matters that were highly uncertain at the time that the accounting estimate was made, and changes in the estimate that are reasonably likely to occur in periods subsequent to the period in which the estimate was made, or use of different estimates that the Company could have used in the current period, would have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations. The most critical accounting policies inherent in the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements are described below. We continue to monitor our accounting policies to ensure proper application of current rules and regulations.



## Policy Description

We use the full cost method of accounting for our oil and natural gas properties under which we are required to conduct quarterly calculations of a “ceiling,” or limitation, on the carrying value of oil and natural gas properties. The ceiling limitation is the sum of 1) the discounted present value (at 10%), using average first-day-of-the-month prices during the 12-month period ending as of the balance sheet date held constant over the life of the reserves, of Barnwell’s estimated future net cash flows from estimated production of proved oil and natural gas reserves, less estimated future expenditures to be incurred in developing and producing the proved reserves but excluding future cash outflows associated with settling asset retirement obligations with the exception of those associated with proved undeveloped reserves from wells that are to be drilled in the future; plus 2) the cost of major development projects and unproven properties not subject to depletion, if any; plus 3) the lower of cost or estimated fair value of unproven properties included in costs subject to depletion; less 4) related income tax effects. If net capitalized costs exceed this limit, the excess is expensed.

## Judgments and Assumptions

The estimate of our oil and natural gas reserves is a major component of the ceiling calculation and represents the component that requires the most subjective judgments. Estimates of reserves are forecasts based on engineering data, historical data, projected future rates of production and the timing of future expenditures. The process of estimating oil and natural gas reserves requires substantial judgment, resulting in imprecise determinations, particularly for new discoveries. Our reserve estimates are prepared at least annually by independent petroleum reserve engineers. The passage of time provides more quantitative and qualitative information regarding estimates of reserves, and revisions are made to prior estimates to reflect updated information. A portion of the revisions are attributable to changes in the rolling 12-month average first-day-of-the-month prices, which impact the economics of producible reserves. In the last three fiscal years, annual revisions to our reserve volume estimates have averaged 32% of the previous year’s estimate, due in large part to the impacts of volatile oil and natural gas prices which change the economic viability of producing such reserves. There can be no assurance that more significant revisions will not be necessary in the future. If future significant revisions are necessary that reduce previously estimated reserve quantities, such revisions could result in a write-down of oil and natural gas properties.

Included in proved reserves at September 30, 2019 are proved undeveloped reserves. The proved undeveloped reserves are estimated to be brought about by future capital expenditures that will be made to convert those reserves into proved developed reserves within a five-year time frame, as required by the SEC. Both the amount of such future capital expenditures and the amount of undeveloped reserves converted to developed reserves resulting from those capital expenditures are based on assumptions and estimates using the parameters and judgments mentioned above. Our independent petroleum reserve engineers have estimated that there are sufficient cash flows from our oil and natural gas reserves to fund the estimated capital expenditures necessary to convert the proved undeveloped reserves to developed reserves. If the Company's future business results differ from the assumptions used in the current estimates of its reserves, the Company may not have the ability to fund such capital expenditures, in which case some or all of the proved undeveloped reserves would remain undeveloped or possibly then excluded from proved reserves. Both the calculation of depletion expense and the ceiling test include proved undeveloped reserves, in conformity with SEC rules. In addition, the estimated cost of the future capital expenditures necessary to convert the proved undeveloped reserves to developed reserves are included in costs subject to depletion in the calculation of depletion expense, in conformity with SEC rules.



If reported reserve volumes were revised downward by 5% at the end of fiscal 2019, the ceiling limitation would have decreased approximately $361,000 before income taxes, which would have resulted in an increase in the ceiling impairment before income taxes.

In addition to the impact of the estimates of proved reserves on the calculation of the ceiling, estimated proved reserves are also a significant component of the quarterly calculation of depletion expense. The lower the estimated reserves, the higher the depletion rate per unit of production. Conversely, the higher the estimated reserves, the lower the depletion rate per unit of production. If reported reserve volumes were revised downward by 5% as of the beginning of fiscal 2019, depletion for fiscal 2019 would have increased by approximately $166,000.

While the quantities of proved reserves require substantial judgment, the associated prices of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids reserves are the average first-day-of-the-month prices during the 12-month period ending in the reporting period on a constant basis as prescribed by SEC regulations. Additionally, the applicable discount rate that is used to calculate the discounted present value of the reserves is mandated at 10%. Costs included in future net revenues are determined in a similar manner. As such, the future net revenues associated with the estimated proved reserves are not based on an assessment of future prices or costs.

## Contract Drilling Revenues and Operating Expenses

## Policy Description

Through contracts which are normally less than twelve months in duration, Barnwell drills water and water monitoring wells and installs and repairs water pumping systems in Hawaii. Barnwell recognizes revenue from well drilling or the installation of pumps over time based on total costs incurred on the projects relative to the total expected costs to satisfy the performance obligation as management believes this is an accurate representation of the percentage of completion as control is continuously transferred to the customer. Uninstalled materials, which typically consist of well casing or pumps, are excluded in the costs-to-costs calculation for the duration of the contract as including these costs would result in a distortion of progress towards satisfaction of the performance obligation due to the resulting cumulative catch-up in margin in a single period. An equal amount of cost and revenue is recorded when uninstalled materials are controlled by the customer, which is typically when Barnwell has the right to payment for the materials and when the materials are delivered to the customer's site or location and such materials have been accepted by the customer. Uninstalled materials are held in inventory and included in "Other current assets" on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets until control is transferred to the customer. When the estimate on a contract indicates a loss, Barnwell records the entire estimated loss in the period the loss becomes known.

Unexpected significant inefficiencies that were not considered a risk at the time of entering into the contract, such as design or construction execution errors that result in significant wasted resources, are excluded from the measure of progress toward completion and the costs are expensed as incurred.

To the extent a contract is deemed to have multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the transaction price of the contract to each performance obligation using its best estimate of the standalone selling price of each distinct good or service in the contract. The contract price may include variable consideration, which includes such items as increases to the transaction price for unapproved change orders and claims for which price has not yet been agreed by the customer. The Company estimates variable consideration using either the most likely amount or expected value method, whichever is a more appropriate reflection of the amount to which it expects to be entitled based on the characteristics and circumstances of



the contract. Variable consideration is included in the estimated transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative recognized revenue will not occur.

Contracts are sometimes modified for a change in scope or other requirements. The Company considers contract modifications to exist when the modification either creates new or changes the existing enforceable rights and obligations. Most of the Company’s contract modifications are for goods and services that are not distinct from the existing performance obligations. The effect of a contract modification on the transaction price, and the measure of progress for the performance obligation to which it relates, is recognized as an adjustment to revenue (either as an increase or decrease) on a cumulative catchup basis.

## Judgments and Assumptions

Management evaluates the performance of contracts on an individual basis. In the ordinary course of business, but at least quarterly, we prepare updated estimates that may impact the cost and profit or loss for each contract based on actual results to date plus management’s best estimate of costs to be incurred to complete each performance obligation. Increases or decreases in the estimated costs to complete a performance obligation without a change to the contract price has the impact to decrease or increase, respectively, the contract completion percentage applied to the contract price to calculate the cumulative contract revenue to be recognized to date. Changes in the cost estimates can have a material impact on our contract revenue and are reflected in the results of operations when they become known. The nature of accounting for these contracts is such that refinements of the estimated costs to complete may occur and are characteristic of the estimation process due to changing conditions and new developments. Many factors and assumptions can and do change during a contract performance obligation period which can result in a change to contract profitability including unforeseen underground geological conditions (to the extent that contract remedies are unavailable), the availability and costs of skilled contract labor, the performance of major material suppliers, the performance of major subcontractors, unusual weather conditions and unexpected changes in material costs, changes in the scope and nature of work to be performed, and unexpected construction execution errors, among others. Any revisions to estimated costs to complete the performance obligation from period to period as a result of changes in these factors can materially affect revenue and operating results in the period such revisions are necessary. In addition, many contracts give the customer a unilateral right to cancel for convenience or other than for cause. In accordance with FASB ASC 606-10-32-4, our estimates are based on the assumption that the existing contract will not be cancelled. Any unforeseen cancellation of a contract may result in a material revision to our estimates.

We have a long history of working with multiple types of projects and preparing cost estimates, and we rely on the expertise of key personnel to prepare what we believe are reasonable best estimates given available facts and circumstances. Due to the nature of the work involved, however, judgment is involved to estimate the costs to complete and the amounts estimated could have a material impact on the revenue we recognize in each accounting period. We can not estimate unforeseen events and circumstances which may result in actual results being materially different from previous estimates.

## Income Taxes

## Policy Description

Income taxes are determined using the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax impacts of differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to



be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

Deferred income tax assets are routinely assessed for realizability. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized.

Barnwell recognizes the financial statement effects of tax positions when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained by a taxing authority.

## Judgments and Assumptions

We make estimates and judgments in determining our income tax expense for each reporting period. Significant changes to these estimates could result in an increase or decrease in our tax provision in future periods. We are also required to make judgments about the recoverability of deferred tax assets and when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized, a valuation allowance is provided. We consider available positive and negative evidence and available tax planning strategies when assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets. Accordingly, changes in our business performance and unforeseen events could require a further increase in the valuation allowance or a reversal in the valuation allowance in future periods. This could result in a charge to, or an increase in, income in the period such determination is made, and the impact of these changes could be material.

In addition, Barnwell operates within the U.S. and Canada and is subject to audit by taxing authorities in these jurisdictions. Barnwell records accruals for the estimated outcomes of these audits, and the accruals may change in the future due to new developments in each matter. Tax benefits are recognized when we determine that it is more likely than not that such benefits will be realized. Management evaluates its potential exposures from tax positions taken that have or could be challenged by taxing authorities. These potential exposures result because taxing authorities may take positions that differ from those taken by management in the interpretation and application of statutes, regulations and rules. Management considers the possibility of alternative outcomes based upon past experience, previous actions by taxing authorities (e.g., actions taken in other jurisdictions) and advice from tax experts. Where uncertainty exists due to the complexity of income tax statutes and where the potential tax amounts are significant, we generally seek independent tax opinions to support our positions. If our evaluation of the likelihood of the realization of benefits is inaccurate, we could incur additional income tax and interest expense that would adversely impact earnings, or we could receive tax benefits greater than anticipated which would positively impact earnings, either of which could be material.

## Overview

Barnwell is engaged in the following lines of business: 1) acquiring, developing, producing and selling oil and natural gas in Canada (oil and natural gas segment), 2) investing in land interests in Hawaii (land investment segment), and 3) drilling wells and installing and repairing water pumping systems in Hawaii (contract drilling segment).

## Oil and Natural Gas Segment

Barnwell is involved in the acquisition and development of oil and natural gas properties in Canada where we initiate and participate in acquisition and developmental operations for oil and natural gas on properties in which we have an interest, and evaluate proposals by third parties with regard to participation in exploratory and developmental operations elsewhere.



Barnwell sells all of its oil and natural gas under short-term contracts with marketers based on prices indexed to market prices. The price of natural gas, oil and natural gas liquids is freely negotiated between the buyers and sellers. Oil and natural gas prices are determined by many factors that are outside of our control. Market prices for oil and natural gas products are dependent upon factors such as, but not limited to, changes in market supply and demand, which are impacted by overall economic activity, changes in weather, pipeline capacity constraints, inventory storage levels, and output. Oil and natural gas prices are very difficult to predict and fluctuate significantly. Natural gas prices tend to be higher in the winter than in the summer due to increased demand, although this trend has become less pronounced due to the increased use of natural gas to generate electricity for air conditioning in the summer and increased natural gas storage capacity in North America.

Oil and natural gas exploration, development and operating costs generally follow trends in product market prices, thus in times of higher product prices the cost of exploring, developing and operating the oil and natural gas properties will tend to escalate as well. Capital expenditures are required to fund the exploration, development, and production of oil and natural gas. Cash outlays for capital expenditures are largely discretionary, however, a minimum level of capital expenditures is required to replace depleting reserves. Due to the nature of oil and natural gas exploration and development, significant uncertainty exists as to the ultimate success of any drilling effort.

## Land Investment Segment

The land investment segment is comprised of the following components:

1) Through Barnwell’s 77.6% interest in Kaupulehu Developments, a Hawaii general partnership, 75% interest in KD Kona, a Hawaii limited liability limited partnership, and 34.45% non-controlling interest in KKM Makai, a Hawaii limited liability limited partnership, the Company’s land investment interests include the following:

- The right to receive percentage of sales payments from KD I resulting from the sale of single-family residential lots by KD I, within Increment I of the approximately 870 acres of the Kaupulehu Lot 4A area located in the North Kona District of the island of Hawaii. Kaupulehu Developments is entitled to receive payments from KD I based on the following percentages of the gross receipts from KD I’s sales at Increment I: 10% of such aggregate gross proceeds greater than $100,000,000 up to $300,000,000; and 14% of such aggregate gross proceeds in excess of $300,000,000. Increment I is an area zoned for approximately 80 single-family lots, of which 19 remained to be sold at September 30, 2019, and a beach club on the portion of the property bordering the Pacific Ocean.

- Prior to March 7, 2019, the right to receive percentage of sales payments from KD II resulting from the sale of lots and/or residential units by KD II, within Increment II of Kaupulehu Lot 4A. Increment II is the remaining portion of the approximately 870-acre property and is zoned for single-family and multi-family residential units and a golf course and clubhouse. Kaupulehu Developments was entitled to receive payments from KD II based on a percentage of the gross receipts from KD II’s sales ranging from 8% to 10% of the price of improved or unimproved lots or 2.60% to 3.25% of the price of units constructed on a lot, to be determined in the future depending upon a number of variables, including whether the lots are sold prior to improvement. Kaupulehu Developments was also entitled to receive 50% of any future distributions otherwise payable from KD II to it members up to $8,000,000, of which $3,500,000 had been received.



Two ocean front parcels approximately two to three acres in size fronting the ocean were developed and sold within Increment II by KD II, and Kaupulehu Developments received percentage of sales payments from those sales. The remaining acreage within Increment II is not yet developed. In February 2019, KD II was granted a 20-year time extension of the allowed zoning for the project that would have otherwise expired in April 2019.

As of March 7, 2019, with the admission of Replay as a new development partner of Increment II, the ownership interests in KD II of KDK and Replay were changed to 55% and 45%, respectively. Additionally, Kaupulehu Developments has the right to receive 15% of the distributions of KD II, the cost of which is to be solely borne by KDK out of its 55% ownership interest in KD II, plus a priority payout of 10% of KDK's cumulative net profits derived from Increment II sales subsequent to Phase 2A, up to a maximum of $3,000,000. Such interests are limited to distributions or net profits interests and Barnwell does not have any partnership interest in KD II or KDK through its interest in Kaupulehu Developments. Barnwell also has rights to three single-family residential lots in Phase 2A of Increment II, and four single-family residential lots in phases subsequent to Phase 2A when such lots are developed by KD II, all at no cost to Barnwell. Barnwell is committed to commence construction of improvements within 90 days of the transfer of the four lots in the phases subsequent to Phase 2A as a condition of the transfer of such lots. Also, in addition to Barnwell's existing obligations to pay professional fees to certain parties based on percentages of its gross receipts, Kaupulehu Developments is now also obligated to pay an amount equal to 0.72% and 0.20% of the cumulative net profits of KD II to KD Development, LLC and a pool of various individuals, respectively, all of whom are partners of KKM and are unrelated to Barnwell, in compensation for the agreement of these parties to admit the new development partner for Increment II.

- Prior to March 7, 2019, we had an indirect 19.6% non-controlling ownership interest in KD Kukio Resorts, KD Maniniowali, and KDK. As of March 7, 2019, with the admission of Replay as a new development partner of Increment II, we now have an indirect 10.8% non-controlling ownership interest in KD II through KDK. Our indirect interest in the other entities remains unchanged. These entities own certain real estate and development rights interests in the Kukio, Maniniowali and Kaupulehu portions of Kukio Resort, a private residential community on the Kona coast of the island of Hawaii, as well as Kukio Resort’s real estate sales office operations. KDK was the developer of Kaupulehu Lot 4A Increments I and II. The partnerships derive income from the sale of residential parcels as well as from commission on real estate sales by the real estate sales office. KD I has engaged Replay as a consultant to assist with the sales and marketing strategy of Increment I. Replay does not have an ownership interest in KD I.

• Approximately 1,000 acres of vacant leasehold land zoned conservation in the Kaupulehu Lot 4C area located adjacent to the 870-acre Lot 4A described above, which currently has no development potential without both a development agreement with the lessor and zoning reclassification.

2) Prior to February 2019, Barnwell owned an 80% interest in Kaupulehu 2007, a Hawaii limited liability limited partnership. In 2018, Kaupulehu 2007 sold the last residential parcel in the Kaupulehu Increment I area. The Kaupulehu 2007 partnership was terminated in February 2019.

Contract Drilling Segment



Barnwell drills water and water monitoring wells and installs and repairs water pumping systems in Hawaii. Contract drilling results are highly dependent upon the quantity, dollar value and timing of contracts awarded by governmental and private entities and can fluctuate significantly.

## Business Environment

Our operations are located in Canada and in the state of Hawaii. Accordingly, our business performance is directly affected by macroeconomic conditions in those areas, as well as general economic conditions of the U.S. domestic and world economies.

## Oil and Natural Gas Segment

Barnwell realized an average price for oil of $41.84 per barrel during the year ended September 30, 2019, a decrease of 19% from $51.53 per barrel realized during the prior year. The decrease in the average price for oil over the past year is primarily a result of both the global decrease in oil prices during the months of October 2018 through February 2019 and the impact of significant pipeline and refinery capacity issues in the western Canadian oil markets. We expect that oil prices will remain volatile in the near term and may be affected by economic growth figures, political instability, supply and pipeline capacity constraints.

Barnwell realized an average price for natural gas of $1.15 per Mcf during the year ended September 30, 2019, an increase of 3% from $1.12 per Mcf realized during the prior year. Natural gas prices continued to be depressed at historic low levels in 2019 as a result of weak growth in demand and storage levels remaining high.

## Land Investment Segment

Future land investment payments and any future cash distributions from our investment in the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships are dependent upon the sale of the remaining 19 residential lots within Increment I by KD I and potential future development or sale of the remaining portion of Increment II by KD II of Kaupulehu Lot 4A. The amount and timing of future land investment segment proceeds from percentage of sales payments and cash distributions from the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships are highly uncertain and out of our control, and there is no assurance with regards to the amounts of future sales of residential lots within Increments I and II.

Barnwell estimates that it will be heavily reliant upon land investment segment proceeds in order to provide sufficient liquidity to fund our operations in 2020 and beyond. However, there can be no assurance that the amount of future land investment segment proceeds will provide the liquidity required.

## Contract Drilling Segment

Demand for water well drilling and/or pump installation and repair services is volatile and dependent upon land development activities within the state of Hawaii. Management currently estimates that well drilling activity for fiscal 2020 will be similar to or higher than fiscal 2019 based upon the value of contracts in backlog as well as contracts that have a high probability of being awarded based on negotiations to date.

## Results of Operations

## Summary



Net loss attributable to Barnwell for fiscal 2019 totaled $12,414,000, a $10,644,000 decrease in operating results from a net loss of $1,770,000 in fiscal 2018. The following factors affected the results of operations for the current fiscal year as compared to the prior fiscal year:

- A $7,444,000 decrease in oil and natural gas segment operating results, before income taxes, primarily attributable to a $5,710,000 ceiling test impairment due to lower 12-month rolling average first-day-of-the-month prices, with the remainder of the decrease primarily attributable to both lower oil prices and higher depletion rate per unit in the current period;

- A $2,255,000 gain recognized in the prior year period primarily from the sale of the oil and natural gas property in the Red Earth area;

- A $1,443,000 decrease in land investment segment operating profit, before income taxes and non-controlling interests’ share of such profits, due to a decrease in sale proceeds received as compared to the prior year period; and

- A $499,000 decrease in equity in income from affiliates as a result of decreased operating results of the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships.

## General

Barnwell conducts operations in the U.S. and Canada. Consequently, Barnwell is subject to foreign currency translation and transaction gains and losses due to fluctuations of the exchange rates between the Canadian dollar and the U.S. dollar. Barnwell cannot accurately predict future fluctuations of the exchange rates and the impact of such fluctuations may be material from period to period.

The average exchange rate of the Canadian dollar to the U.S. dollar decreased 3% in fiscal 2019, as compared to fiscal 2018, and the exchange rate of the Canadian dollar to the U.S. dollar decreased 2% at September 30, 2019, as compared to September 30, 2018. Accordingly, the assets, liabilities, stockholders' equity, and revenues and expenses of Barnwell's subsidiaries operating in Canada have been adjusted to reflect the change in the exchange rates. Barnwell's Canadian dollar assets are greater than its Canadian dollar liabilities; therefore, increases or decreases in the value of the Canadian dollar to the U.S. dollar generate other comprehensive income or loss, respectively. Other comprehensive income and losses are not included in net (loss) earnings. Other comprehensive loss due to foreign currency translation adjustments, net of taxes, for fiscal 2019 was $234,000, a $106,000 decrease from other comprehensive loss due to foreign currency translation adjustments, net of taxes, of $128,000 in fiscal 2018. There were no taxes on other comprehensive loss due to foreign currency translation adjustments in fiscal 2019 and 2018 due to a full valuation allowance on the related deferred tax assets.



## Selected Operating Statistics

The following tables set forth Barnwell’s annual average prices per unit of production and annual net production volumes for fiscal 2019 as compared to fiscal 2018. Production amounts reported are net of royalties.

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="5">Annual Average Price Per Unit</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Increase (Decrease)</td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2019</td><td>2018</td><td>$</td><td>%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Natural gas (Mcf)*</td><td>$ 1.15</td><td>$ 1.12</td><td>$ 0.03</td><td>3%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Oil (Bbls)</td><td>$ 41.84</td><td>$ 51.53</td><td>$ (9.69)</td><td>(19)%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Liquids (Bbls)</td><td>$ 25.84</td><td>$ 43.02</td><td>$ (17.18)</td><td>(40)%</td><td></td></tr></table>

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="4">Annual Net Production</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="3">Increase (Decrease)</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2019</td><td>2018</td><td>Units</td><td>%</td></tr><tr><td>Natural gas (Mcf)</td><td>628,000</td><td>328,000</td><td>300,000</td><td>91%</td></tr><tr><td>Oil (Bbls)</td><td>123,000</td><td>62,000</td><td>61,000</td><td>98%</td></tr><tr><td>Liquids (Bbls)</td><td>18,000</td><td>5,000</td><td>13,000</td><td>260%</td></tr></table>

* Natural gas price per unit is net of pipeline charges.

The oil and natural gas segment generated a $7,197,000 operating loss in fiscal 2019 before general and administrative expenses, a decrease in operating results of $7,444,000 as compared to $247,000 of operating profit in fiscal 2018. There was a $5,710,000 ceiling test impairment included in the operating loss in the current year as compared to no ceiling test impairment in the prior year.

Oil and natural gas revenues increased $2,700,000 (73%) from $3,706,000 in fiscal 2018 to $6,406,000 in fiscal 2019, primarily due to increased oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids production from working interests in the Twining area acquired in August 2018, partially offset by decreases in oil and natural gas liquids prices as compared to the prior year and decreases in production due to the sale of properties, primarily the sale of working interests in the Red Earth area in February 2018, and to a lesser extent from properties that were shut in or had some down time in the current year.

Oil and natural gas operating expenses increased $2,580,000 (98%) from $2,633,000 in fiscal 2018 to $5,213,000 in fiscal 2019, primarily as a result of changes in production as described above.

Oil and natural gas segment depletion increased $1,854,000 from $826,000 in fiscal 2018 to $2,680,000 in fiscal 2019, primarily due to increases in both production and the depletion rate as a result of the acquisition of working interests in the Twining area in August 2018.

Although production increased in the current year due largely to the Twining area acquisition in August 2018, lower oil prices and the higher depletion rate per unit were the primary drivers of the decrease in operating results before ceiling test impairments and general and administrative expenses in the current year, as compared to the prior year.



Oil prices received by the Company declined significantly in the quarter ended December 31, 2018, and averaged $25.60 per barrel for those three months due to both the global decrease in oil prices during the period and the impact of significant pipeline and refinery capacity issues in the western Canadian oil markets which significantly impacted the prices received by the Company from its oil marketers for its oil production in the quarter ended December 31, 2018. On December 2, 2018, the Alberta government announced mandatory production cuts, effective January 1, 2019, for larger companies who produce over 10,000 barrels of oil per day. This mandate does not significantly impact Barnwell’s oil production from operated and non-operated properties and is aimed at reducing the unfavorable differential between Canadian oil prices and the benchmark West Texas Intermediate price. Oil prices received by the Company in the nine months following the January 1, 2019 mandatory production cuts averaged $48.30 per barrel, reflecting more favorable global oil prices as well as the impact of the Alberta government's aforementioned actions. The Alberta government started phasing out this program reducing the production cuts beginning in February 2019 and has continued the phase-outs with the latest announcement easing the future curtailment limit for September 2019 production. The government's authority to limit production ends December 31, 2019.

## Sale of interest in leasehold land

Kaupulehu Developments is entitled to receive a percentage of the gross receipts from the sales of lots and/or residential units in Increment I by KD I. Prior to March 7, 2019, Kaupulehu Developments was also entitled to receive percentage of sales payments from the sales of lots and/or residential units in Increment II by KD II and entitled to receive 50% of any future distributions otherwise payable from KD II to its members up to $8,000,000, of which $3,500,000 was received. Effective March 7, 2019 Kaupulehu Developments' arrangements with regard to payments from the sales of lots and/or residential units in Increment II were changed, as detailed in the Overview section above.

The following table summarizes the revenues received from KD I and KD II and the amount of fees directly related to such revenues:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Sale of interest in leasehold land:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Revenues - sale of interest in leasehold land</td><td>$ 165,000</td><td>$ 1,645,000</td></tr><tr><td>Fees - included in general and administrative expenses</td><td>(20,000)</td><td>(216,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Sale of interest in leasehold land, net of fees paid</td><td>$ 145,000</td><td>$ 1,429,000</td></tr></table>

Kaupulehu Developments paid fees ranging from 10.4% to 11.6% to unrelated third parties on its revenues in the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.

During the year ended September 30, 2019, Barnwell received $165,000 in percentage of sales payments from KD I from the sale of one lot within Increment I.

During the year ended September 30, 2018, Barnwell received $645,000 in percentage of sales payments from KD I from the sale of three single-family lots within Phase II of Increment I, and $1,000,000 from KD II which represented an amount equal to 50% of the distributions otherwise payable from KD II to its members after the members of KD II received distributions equal to the original basis of capital invested in the project, up to $8,000,000.



As of September 30, 2019, 19 single-family lots of the 80 lots developed within Increment I remained to be sold. As discussed in the Overview section above, Replay was admitted as a new development partner of Increment II on March 7, 2019. The Company does not have a controlling interest in Increments I and II, and there is no assurance with regards to the amounts of future sales from Increments I and II.

## Contract drilling

Contract drilling revenues and costs are associated with well drilling and water pump installation, replacement and repair in Hawaii.

Contract drilling revenues increased $1,580,000 (42%) to $5,349,000 in fiscal 2019, as compared to $3,769,000 in fiscal 2018, and contract drilling costs increased $1,323,000 (36%) to $4,973,000 in fiscal 2019, as compared to $3,650,000 in fiscal 2018. The contract drilling segment generated an $89,000 operating profit before general and administrative expenses during fiscal 2019, an increase in operating results of $193,000 as compared to an operating loss before general and administrative expenses of $104,000 in fiscal 2018. The increase in operating results was due to a new well drilling job that is based on a fixed rate per day or fixed rate per hour, depending upon the activity, as opposed to the Company's typical contracts that are based on a fixed price per lineal foot drilled. Additionally, the contract for this new job includes revenues from a contract payment that was used to fund the Company's purchase of a new drilling rig and ancillary equipment, which will be available for use on other future jobs with other customers after this contract is completed. Revenue from this contract payment is being recognized over the expected term of the contract based on the percentage-of-completion method. The increase was partially offset by a decrease in operating results due to unforeseen issues with pump testing equipment at other well drilling jobs and drilling difficulties.

At September 30, 2019, there was a backlog of eight well drilling and seven pump installation and repair contracts, of which six well drilling and seven pump installation and repair contracts were in progress as of September 30, 2019. The backlog of contract drilling revenues as of December 1, 2019 was approximately $10,000,000, of which $6,800,000 is expected to be realized in fiscal 2020 with the remainder to be recognized in the following fiscal year. Based on these contracts in backlog, which includes the new fixed rate per day or hour contract mentioned above, contract drilling segment operating profit is estimated to be substantially higher in fiscal 2020 as compared to fiscal 2019.

During the year ended September 30, 2019, two of the water wells drilled by the contract drilling segment for one customer were determined to not meet the contract specifications for plumbness. Management believes the degrees of deviation for both wells are not impactful to the performance of the submersible pumps that will be installed in those wells. Accordingly, no contingent liability has been recorded at September 30, 2019 as the likelihood of any impact is not probable. However, per the contracts, both of which are with one customer, a failure to meet the contract plumbness specification allows the customer to demand the drilling of a new well at no cost to the customer as well as potential liquidated damages. If the customer makes such a demand, the potential exposure for both wells combined is estimated to range from $2,000,000 to $3,000,000. Negotiations with the customer are currently ongoing. Additionally, in October 2019, the Company experienced the failure of a hole opener which broke apart leaving pieces in the bottom of the well. If the Company is unable to overcome this impediment to completing the well it may have to abandon the well and drill a new well for which the potential exposure estimated to be incurred would range from $1,400,000 to $1,600,000. Efforts to remove the items from the well are currently ongoing.

Contract drilling revenues and costs are not seasonal in nature, but can fluctuate significantly based on the awarding and timing of contracts, which are determined by contract drilling customer demand. The



Company is unable to predict the near-term and long-term availability of water well drilling and pump installation and repair contracts as a result of this volatility in demand.

## General and administrative expenses

General and administrative expenses decreased $738,000 (12%) to $5,524,000 in fiscal 2019, as compared to $6,262,000 in fiscal 2018. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in professional fees related to land investment segment proceeds, bonus expense, and directors' fees in the current year, as compared to the prior year.

## Depletion, depreciation, and amortization

Depletion, depreciation, and amortization increased $1,911,000 (172%) in fiscal 2019 as compared to fiscal 2018 primarily due to the increase in oil and natural gas depletion as discussed above in the “Oil and natural gas” section above.

## Impairment of assets

Under the full cost method of accounting, the Company performs quarterly oil and natural gas ceiling test calculations. There was a ceiling test impairment of $5,710,000 during the year ended September 30, 2019 as a result of the ceiling test. There was no ceiling test impairment during year ended September 30, 2018.

Changes in the 12-month rolling average first-day-of-the-month prices for oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids prices, the value of reserve additions as compared to the amount of capital expenditures to obtain them, and changes in production rates and estimated levels of reserves, future development costs and the market value of unproved properties, impact the determination of the maximum carrying value of oil and natural gas properties. In addition, the ceiling test is also impacted by any changes in management's quarterly evaluation of the Company's ability to fund the approximately $13,000,000 of future capital expenditures necessary over the next five years to develop the proved undeveloped reserves that are largely in the Twining area, the value of which is included in the calculation of the ceiling limitation. If facts, circumstances, estimates and assumptions underlying management's assessment of the Company's ability to fund such capital expenditures change such that it is no longer reasonably certain that all of the approximately $13,000,000 of capital expenditures necessary to develop the proved undeveloped reserves can be made, it is likely that we will incur a further ceiling test impairment at that time.

During the year ended September 30, 2018, the Company recorded a $37,000 impairment of its residential parcel held for sale. The parcel was sold in August 2018.

In May 2018, the Kilauea volcano on the island of Hawaii erupted in the district of Puna on the eastern part of the island. Lava flows subsequently covered all of the approximately sixteen acres of land in the district of Puna that Barnwell owns. As a result, Barnwell wrote off the entire $165,000 carrying value of the sixteen acres during the year ended September, 2018.



As a result of the significant impact the sale of Red Earth had on the relationship between capitalized costs and proved reserves of the sold property and retained properties, Barnwell did not credit the sales proceeds to the full cost pool, but instead calculated a gain on the sale of Red Earth of $2,140,000 which was recognized in the year ended September 30, 2018, in accordance with the guidance in Rule 4-10(c)(6)(i) of Regulation S-X of the rules and regulations of the SEC. Refer to the "Oil and Natural Gas Properties" section below for further information.

Also included in gain on sales of assets for the year ended September 30, 2018 is a $115,000 gain on the sale of Barnwell's interest in natural gas transmission lines and related surface facilities in the Stolberg area of Alberta, Canada.

There were no gains on sales of assets during the year ended September 30, 2019.

## Equity in (loss) income of affiliates

Barnwell’s investment in the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships is accounted for using the equity method of accounting. Barnwell was allocated partnership losses of $276,000 in fiscal 2019, as compared to allocated income of $223,000 in fiscal 2018. The decrease in the allocated partnership income is primarily due to a decrease in both the investee partnerships' lot sale revenues and real estate office commission income due to a decrease in real estate resale activity in the current year.

During the year ended September 30, 2019, Barnwell received net cash distributions in the amount of $314,000 from the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships after distributing $38,000 to non-controlling interests. During the year ended September 30, 2018, Barnwell received net cash distributions in the amount of $735,000 from the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships after distributing $89,000 to non-controlling interests.

Barnwell has the right to receive distributions from its non-controlling interest in KKM in proportion to its partner capital sharing ratio of 34.45%. Barnwell is entitled to a 100% preferred return up to $1,000,000 from KKM on any allocated equity in income of the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships for cumulative distributions to all of its partners in excess of $45,000,000 from those partnerships. With the distribution during the year ended September 30, 2019, cumulative distributions from the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships totaled $45,000,000. Because we have no control over the distributions from the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships and the ability of the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships to make such distributions is dependent upon their future sales of lots, we have not recorded any estimated potential preferred return from KKM in our equity in income to date. However, if sufficient distributions are made by the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships in the future, Barnwell will have equity in income of affiliates for the recognition of the preferred return. There is no assurance that any future distributions and resulting preferred returns will occur.



The components of loss before income taxes, after adjusting the loss for non-controlling interests, are as follows:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>United States</td><td>$ (3,039,000)</td><td>$ (2,449,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>$ (9,606,000)</td><td>78,000</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>$ (12,645,000)</td><td>$ (2,371,000)</td></tr></table>

Barnwell’s effective consolidated income tax benefit rate for fiscal 2019, after adjusting loss before income taxes for non-controlling interests, was 2%, as compared to 25% for fiscal 2018.

Consolidated taxes do not bear a customary relationship to pretax results due primarily to the fact that the Company is taxed separately in Canada based on Canadian source operations and in the U.S. based on consolidated operations, and essentially all deferred tax assets, net of relevant offsetting deferred tax liabilities and any amounts estimated to be realizable through tax carryback strategies, are not estimated to have a future benefit as tax credits or deductions. Income from our non-controlling interest in the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships is treated as non-unitary for state of Hawaii unitary filing purposes, thus unitary Hawaii losses provide limited sheltering of such non-unitary income. In addition, the U.S. federal current tax benefit for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 includes a $31,000 and a $429,000, respectively, benefit from the impacts of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (“TCJA”), as discussed further below.

On June 28, 2019, the Government of Alberta reduced its corporate income tax rate from 12% to 11%, effective July 1, 2019, with further reductions in the rate by 1% on January 1 of every year until it reaches 8% on January 1, 2022. Because our Canadian operations are currently generating losses and net Canadian deferred tax assets have a full valuation allowance, the reduction in rates had no financial statement impact.

The repeal of the corporate Alternative Minimum Tax (“AMT”) by the TCJA provides a mechanism for the refund over time of any unused AMT credit carryovers. Prior to the enactment of the TCJA, it was not more likely than not that the Company’s AMT credit carryovers would provide a future benefit, as such the AMT deferred tax asset had a full valuation allowance. As a result of the TCJA provision for refundability of the AMT, the Company recorded a current income tax benefit of $429,000, net of a 6.6% sequestration provision, in the year ended September 30, 2018 to reflect the undiscounted unused AMT credit carryover balance as a non-current income tax receivable. In January 2019, the IRS clarified that sequestration would not apply to the refundable corporate AMT credit for tax years that begin after December 31, 2017. As such, the previously provided $31,000 reduction in the refundable AMT credit carryover receivable was reversed in the year ended September 30, 2019. Additionally, as 50% of the total AMT credit carryover is refundable for the tax year ended September 30, 2019, and therefore receivable upon the filing of the Company’s U.S. federal income tax return for the current year, the Company reclassified $230,000 of the non-current income tax receivable to current income tax receivable. Respective portions of the remaining balance will be reclassified to current income taxes receivable when amounts are eligible for refund within one year of the balance sheet date.

The TCJA restricts the deduction for post-TCJA net operating losses to 80% of taxable income and eliminates the current net operating loss carryback provisions. As such, utilization of 20% of the Company’s



U.S. federal net operating loss generated in the current fiscal year is disallowed and will be carried forward indefinitely.

Net earnings (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests

Earnings and losses attributable to non-controlling interests represent the non-controlling interests' share of revenues and expenses related to the various partnerships and joint ventures in which Barnwell has controlling interests and consolidates.

Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests totaled $3,000 in fiscal 2019, as compared to net earnings attributable to non-controlling interests of $352,000 in fiscal 2018. The $355,000 (101%) decrease is primarily due to non-controlling interest's portion of Kaupulehu Developments' higher revenues in the prior year as compared to the current year.

## Inflation

The effect of inflation on Barnwell has generally been to increase its cost of operations, general and administrative costs and direct costs associated with oil and natural gas production and contract drilling operations. Oil and natural gas prices realized by Barnwell are essentially determined by world prices for oil and western Canadian/Midwestern U.S. prices for natural gas.

## Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Standards on Future Filings

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, “Leases,” which seeks to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and by disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. Note 1 in the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” describes the impact of ASU No. 2016-02 in further detail.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,” which replaces the incurred loss model with an expected loss model referred to as the current expected credit loss (“CECL”) model. The CECL model is applicable to the measurement of credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost, including but not limited to trade receivables. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those annual periods. The FASB has subsequently issued other related ASUs, which amend ASU 2016-13 to provide clarification and additional guidance. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of these standards.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, "Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects From Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income," which allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from TCJA. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within those annual periods, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this update is not expected to have a material impact on Barnwell's consolidated financial statements.

In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-09, "Codification Improvements," which provides further clarification to the codification literature. The transition and effective date guidance is based on the facts and circumstances of each amendment within the ASU. Some of the amendments in the ASU do not require transition guidance and will be effective upon issuance of the ASU. Other amendments have transition



guidance with effective dates for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The adoption of this update is not expected to have a material impact on Barnwell's consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, "Fair Value Measurement: Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement," which provides changes to certain fair value disclosure requirements. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods within those annual periods, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this update is not expected to have a material impact on Barnwell's consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-14, "Compensation - Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans - General: Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans," which provides changes to certain pension and postretirement plan disclosures. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods ending after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this update is not expected to have a material impact on Barnwell's consolidated financial statements.

In October 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-17, "Consolidation: Targeted Improvements to Related Party Guidance for Variable Interest Entities," which modifies the guidance related to indirect interests held through related parties under common control for determining whether fees paid to decision makers and service providers are variable interest. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods within those annual periods, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this update is not expected to have a material impact on Barnwell's consolidated financial statements.

## Liquidity and Capital Resources

Barnwell’s primary sources of liquidity are cash on hand, oil and natural gas cash flow generated by operations, and land investment segment proceeds. At September 30, 2019, Barnwell had $3,936,000 in working capital.

## Cash Flows

Cash flows used by operating activities totaled $2,133,000 for fiscal 2019, as compared to cash flows used by operating activities of $5,091,000 for the same period in fiscal 2018. This $2,958,000 change in operating cash flows was primarily due to a $2,596,000 increase in cash flows from operations due to changes in working capital, primarily attributable to the collection of Canadian income tax refunds and an advance received for a contract drilling segment job.

Net cash provided by investing activities totaled $905,000 for fiscal 2019, as compared to net cash used in investing activities of $3,884,000 for fiscal 2018. The $4,789,000 increase in investing cash flows was primarily due to the purchase of oil and natural gas properties in the Twining area for $10,362,000 in prior year, as compared to oil and natural gas property acquisitions of $355,000 during the current year. The increase was partially offset by $3,672,000 in net maturities of certificates of deposit in the prior year, as compared to maturities of $741,000 in the current year.

Cash flows used in financing activities totaled $110,000 for fiscal 2019, as compared to $1,070,000 for fiscal 2018. The $960,000 change in financing cash flows was due to a decease in distributions to non-controlling interests in the current year as compared to the prior year.



Barnwell’s oil and natural gas capital expenditures, including accrued capital expenditures and acquisitions of oil and natural gas properties and excluding additions and revisions to estimated asset retirement obligations, decreased $10,261,000 from $10,890,000 in fiscal 2018 to $629,000 in fiscal 2019.

Barnwell estimates that investments in oil and natural gas properties for fiscal 2020, will be approximately $3,800,000. This estimated amount may increase or decrease as dictated by cash flows and management’s assessment of the oil and natural gas environment and prospects.

## Oil and Natural Gas Properties

## Fiscal 2018 Dispositions

In February 2018, Barnwell sold its oil properties located in the Red Earth area of Alberta, Canada to two separate independent third parties. The sales prices per the agreements were adjusted for customary purchase price adjustments to reflect the economic activity from the effective date of October 1, 2017 to the closing date, for a combined adjusted sales price of $1,367,000. Barnwell recorded a gain on the sale of Red Earth of $2,140,000 in the year ended September 30, 2018, which included asset retirement obligations of $1,666,000 assumed by the purchaser. From Barnwell's net proceeds, $752,000 was withheld and remitted by the buyer to the Canada Revenue Agency for potential amounts due for Barnwell's Canadian income taxes.

In February 2018, Barnwell also sold its interests in natural gas transmission lines and related surface facilities in the Stolberg area of Alberta, Canada, for $118,000, and we recognized a $115,000 gain on the sale during the year ended September 30, 2019.

Barnwell also sold miscellaneous other oil and natural gas properties for $221,000 during the year ended September 30, 2018, of which $106,000 was withheld and remitted by the buyers to the Canada Revenue Agency for potential amounts due for Barnwell's Canadian income taxes related to the sales. No gain or loss was recognized related to these dispositions as these sales to multiple counterparties in unrelated transactions did not individually, or in aggregate, result in a significant alteration of the relationship between capitalized costs and proved reserves.

## Fiscal 2018 Acquisitions

On August 28, 2018, Barnwell completed the acquisition of interests in oil and natural gas properties located in the Twining area of Alberta, Canada from an independent third party. The purchase price per the agreement was $10,362,000, which took into account estimated customary purchase price adjustments to reflect the economic activity from the effective date of July 1, 2018 to the closing date. The final determination of the customary adjustments to the purchase price resulted in a $172,000 reduction in the purchase price in the year ended September 30, 2019, bringing the final purchase price to $10,190,000. Barnwell also assumed $3,076,000 in asset retirement obligations associated with the Twining acquisition. The Twining acquisition was accounted for as an asset acquisition as substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired were concentrated in a group of similar identifiable assets, that being working interests in proved oil and natural gas properties with appurtenant reserves, with no material continuing employees, contracts or other assets of Twining acquired as part of the acquisition.



## Fiscal 2019 Acquisitions

In the quarter ended December 31, 2018, Barnwell acquired additional working interests in oil and natural gas properties located in the Wood River and Twining areas of Alberta, Canada for cash consideration of $355,000. The purchase prices per the agreements were adjusted for customary purchase price adjustments to reflect the economic activity from the effective date to the closing date. The customary adjustments to the purchase prices were finalized in the quarter ended June 30, 2019, and resulted in an immaterial adjustment.

## Asset Retirement Obligation

In September 2019, the Alberta Energy Regulator (“AER”) issued an abandonment /closure order for all wells and facilities in the Manyberries area which had been operated by LGX Oil & Gas Ltd., an operating company that had gone into receivership in 2016. Of the wells and facilities listed by the AER, Barnwell has an average 11% working interest in 78 wells and 6 facilities. The estimated asset retirement obligation for the Company’s wells and facilities in the Manyberries area is included in “Asset retirement obligation” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

On November 5, 2019, in response to the AER order, the Company submitted its proposed plan to abandon the Manyberries wells and facilities in an orderly fashion over a ten-year period. This area has unique access issues as a result of an Emergency Protection Order, under the Canadian Government’s Species at Risk Act, to protect the Sage Grouse. Access is limited to a window of mid-September to the end of November each year. The Company has taken the lead on behalf of two other working interest owners and has met with the Orphan Well Association (“OWA”), who will be responsible for abandoning and reclaiming the majority of the wells, to coordinate future activities. The Company expended some minor expenses in October 2019 to perform field inspections, secure wells, and take an inventory of equipment.

The plan that the Company has submitted proposes field activity beginning in the fall of 2020, our fiscal 2021 first quarter, which would initially involve removal and salvage of the surface equipment; these costs are estimated to be minimal due in part to the salvage value of the equipment. Beyond fiscal 2021, the Company expects to perform seven to ten well abandonments per year over an estimated ten-year period as well as abandon the facilities in that time period. Annual gross costs estimated to be incurred currently are approximately $500,000, net to the Company approximately $55,000, however, the Company expects it will have to pay the gross costs and then recover from the other working interest owners and the OWA their costs such that there will be a period between Barnwell having to pay the gross costs and getting reimbursed for the other parties’ portion.

## Contractual Obligations

Disclosure is not required as Barnwell qualifies as a smaller reporting company.

## Contingencies

## Environmental Matters

Because of the inherent uncertainties associated with environmental assessment and remediation activities, future expenses to remediate sites identified in the future, if any, could be incurred. Barnwell's management is not currently aware of any significant environmental contingent liabilities requiring disclosure or accrual.



Disclosure is not required as Barnwell qualifies as a smaller reporting company.



# Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors
Barnwell Industries, Inc.:

## Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Barnwell Industries, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of September 30, 2019 and 2018, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss, equity, and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of September 30, 2019 and 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

## Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

## /s/ KPMG LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1990.

Honolulu, Hawaii
December 20, 2019



## BARNWELL INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>ASSETS</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Current assets:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cash and cash equivalents</td><td>$ 4,613,000</td><td>$ 5,965,000</td></tr><tr><td>Certificates of deposit</td><td>—</td><td>741,000</td></tr><tr><td>Accounts and other receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>$44,000 at September 30, 2019; $42,000 at September 30, 2018</td><td>1,884,000</td><td>1,965,000</td></tr><tr><td>Income taxes receivable</td><td>386,000</td><td>2,461,000</td></tr><tr><td>Other current assets</td><td>1,821,000</td><td>950,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total current assets</td><td>8,704,000</td><td>12,082,000</td></tr><tr><td>Income taxes receivable, net of current portion</td><td>230,000</td><td>429,000</td></tr><tr><td>Asset for retirement benefits</td><td>—</td><td>848,000</td></tr><tr><td>Investments</td><td>980,000</td><td>1,608,000</td></tr><tr><td>Property and equipment, net</td><td>8,388,000</td><td>16,411,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total assets</td><td>$ 18,302,000</td><td>$ 31,378,000</td></tr><tr><td>LIABILITIES AND EQUITY</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Current liabilities:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Accounts payable</td><td>$ 1,223,000</td><td>$ 1,191,000</td></tr><tr><td>Accrued capital expenditures</td><td>287,000</td><td>232,000</td></tr><tr><td>Accrued compensation</td><td>205,000</td><td>568,000</td></tr><tr><td>Accrued operating and other expenses</td><td>1,079,000</td><td>1,140,000</td></tr><tr><td>Current portion of asset retirement obligation</td><td>330,000</td><td>444,000</td></tr><tr><td>Other current liabilities</td><td>1,644,000</td><td>54,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total current liabilities</td><td>4,768,000</td><td>3,629,000</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred rent</td><td>193,000</td><td>107,000</td></tr><tr><td>Liability for retirement benefits</td><td>5,785,000</td><td>4,410,000</td></tr><tr><td>Asset retirement obligation</td><td>6,059,000</td><td>6,678,000</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred income tax liabilities</td><td>168,000</td><td>315,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total liabilities</td><td>16,973,000</td><td>15,139,000</td></tr><tr><td>Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Equity:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Common stock, par value $0.50 per share; authorized, 20,000,000 shares:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>8,445,060 issued at September 30, 2019 and 2018</td><td>4,223,000</td><td>4,223,000</td></tr><tr><td>Additional paid-in capital</td><td>1,350,000</td><td>1,350,000</td></tr><tr><td>Retained earnings</td><td>859,000</td><td>13,253,000</td></tr><tr><td>Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net</td><td>(2,917,000)</td><td>(514,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Treasury stock, at cost:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>167,900 shares at September 30, 2019 and 2018</td><td>(2,286,000)</td><td>(2,286,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Total stockholders&#x27; equity</td><td>1,229,000</td><td>16,026,000</td></tr><tr><td>Non-controlling interests</td><td>100,000</td><td>213,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total equity</td><td>1,329,000</td><td>16,239,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total liabilities and equity</td><td>$ 18,302,000</td><td>$ 31,378,000</td></tr></table>

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements



## BARWELL INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Revenues:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Oil and natural gas</td><td>$ 6,406,000</td><td>$ 3,706,000</td></tr><tr><td>Contract drilling</td><td>5,349,000</td><td>3,769,000</td></tr><tr><td>Sale of interest in leasehold land</td><td>165,000</td><td>1,645,000</td></tr><tr><td>Gas processing and other</td><td>155,000</td><td>248,000</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>12,075,000</td><td>9,368,000</td></tr><tr><td>Costs and expenses:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Oil and natural gas operating</td><td>5,213,000</td><td>2,633,000</td></tr><tr><td>Contract drilling operating</td><td>4,973,000</td><td>3,650,000</td></tr><tr><td>General and administrative</td><td>5,524,000</td><td>6,262,000</td></tr><tr><td>Depletion, depreciation, and amortization</td><td>3,022,000</td><td>1,111,000</td></tr><tr><td>Impairment of assets</td><td>5,710,000</td><td>202,000</td></tr><tr><td>Gain on sales of assets</td><td>—</td><td>(2,255,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Interest expense</td><td>5,000</td><td>7,000</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>24,447,000</td><td>11,610,000</td></tr><tr><td>Loss before equity in (loss) income of affiliates and income taxes</td><td>(12,372,000)</td><td>(2,242,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Equity in (loss) income of affiliates</td><td>(276,000)</td><td>223,000</td></tr><tr><td>Loss before income taxes</td><td>(12,648,000)</td><td>(2,019,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Income tax benefit</td><td>(231,000)</td><td>(601,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Net loss</td><td>(12,417,000)</td><td>(1,418,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Less: Net (loss) earnings attributable to non-controlling interests</td><td>(3,000)</td><td>352,000</td></tr><tr><td>Net loss attributable to Barnwell Industries, Inc. stockholders</td><td>$ (12,414,000)</td><td>$ (1,770,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Basic net loss per common share</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>attributable to Barnwell Industries, Inc. stockholders</td><td>$ (1.50)</td><td>$ (0.21)</td></tr><tr><td>Diluted net loss per common share</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>attributable to Barnwell Industries, Inc. stockholders</td><td>$ (1.50)</td><td>$ (0.21)</td></tr><tr><td>Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Basic</td><td>8,277,160</td><td>8,277,160</td></tr><tr><td>Diluted</td><td>8,277,160</td><td>8,277,160</td></tr></table>

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements



## BARNWELL INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Net loss</td><td>$ (12,417,000)</td><td>$ (1,418,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Other comprehensive (loss) income:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of taxes of $0</td><td>(234,000)</td><td>(128,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Retirement plans:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Amortization of accumulated other comprehensive loss into net periodic benefit cost, net of taxes of $0</td><td>55,000</td><td>124,000</td></tr><tr><td>Net actuarial (loss) gains arising during the period, net of taxes of $0</td><td>(2,224,000)</td><td>548,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total other comprehensive (loss) income</td><td>(2,403,000)</td><td>544,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total comprehensive loss</td><td>(14,820,000)</td><td>(874,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Less: Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to non-controlling interests</td><td>(3,000)</td><td>352,000</td></tr><tr><td>Comprehensive loss attributable to Barnwell Industries, Inc.</td><td>$ (14,817,000)</td><td>$ (1,226,000)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements</td></tr></table>



BARNWELL INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="3">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)</td><td rowspan="2">Total Equity</td></tr><tr><td>Shares</td><td>Common Stock</td><td>Additional Paid-in Capital</td></tr><tr><td>Balance at September 30, 2017</td><td>8,277,160</td><td>$ 4,223,000</td><td>$ 1,350,000</td><td>$ 15,023,000</td></tr><tr><td>Distributions to non-controlling interests</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Net (loss) earnings</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of taxes of $0</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Retirement plans:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Amortization accumulated other comprehensive loss into net period&#x27;s benefit cost, net of taxes of $0</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Net actuarial gains arising during the period, net of taxes of $0</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Balance at September 30, 2018</td><td>8,277,160</td><td>$ 4,223,000</td><td>$ 1,350,000</td><td>$ 13,253,000</td></tr><tr><td>Cumulative impact from the adoption of ASU No. 2014-09</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Distributions to non-controlling interests</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Net loss</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of taxes of $0</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Retirement plans:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Amortization of accumulated other comprehensive loss into net period&#x27;s benefit cost, net of taxes of $0</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Net actuarial loss arising during the period, net of taxes of $0</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Balance at September 30, 2019</td><td>8,277,160</td><td>$ 4,223,000</td><td>$ 1,350,000</td><td>$ 13,253,000</td></tr></table>

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements



## BARWELL INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Cash flows from operating activities:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Net loss</td><td>$ (12,417,000)</td><td>$ (1,418,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Equity in loss (income) of affiliates</td><td>276,000</td><td>(223,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Depletion, depreciation, and amortization</td><td>3,022,000</td><td>1,111,000</td></tr><tr><td>Impairment of assets</td><td>5,710,000</td><td>202,000</td></tr><tr><td>Gain on sale of oil and natural gas properties</td><td>—</td><td>(2,255,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Sale of interest in leasehold land, net of fees paid</td><td>(124,000)</td><td>(1,107,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Distributions of income from equity investees</td><td>—</td><td>223,000</td></tr><tr><td>Retirement benefits expense</td><td>177,000</td><td>295,000</td></tr><tr><td>Income tax receivable, noncurrent</td><td>(31,000)</td><td>(429,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Accretion of asset retirement obligation</td><td>608,000</td><td>297,000</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred income tax (benefit) expense</td><td>(144,000)</td><td>381,000</td></tr><tr><td>Asset retirement obligation payments</td><td>(372,000)</td><td>(624,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Share-based compensation benefit</td><td>(42,000)</td><td>(59,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred rent liability</td><td>86,000</td><td>86,000</td></tr><tr><td>Retirement plan contributions and payments</td><td>(124,000)</td><td>(217,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Increase (decrease) from changes in current assets and liabilities</td><td>1,242,000</td><td>(1,354,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Net cash used in operating activities</td><td>(2,133,000)</td><td>(5,091,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Cash flows from investing activities:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Purchases of certificates of deposit</td><td>—</td><td>(3,958,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Proceeds from the maturity of certificates of deposit</td><td>741,000</td><td>7,630,000</td></tr><tr><td>Distributions from equity investees in excess of earnings</td><td>352,000</td><td>601,000</td></tr><tr><td>Proceeds from sale of interest in leasehold land, net of fees paid</td><td>124,000</td><td>1,107,000</td></tr><tr><td>Proceeds from sale of oil and natural gas assets</td><td>1,519,000</td><td>848,000</td></tr><tr><td>Proceeds from final acquisition purchase price adjustments</td><td>172,000</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Proceeds from the sale of investment in residential parcel</td><td>—</td><td>1,000,000</td></tr><tr><td>Payments to acquire oil and natural gas properties</td><td>(355,000)</td><td>(10,362,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Capital expenditures - oil and natural gas</td><td>(385,000)</td><td>(636,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Capital expenditures - all other</td><td>(1,263,000)</td><td>(114,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Issuance of note receivable</td><td>(300,000)</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Proceeds from repayment of note receivable</td><td>300,000</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities</td><td>905,000</td><td>(3,884,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Cash flows from financing activities:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Distributions to non-controlling interests</td><td>(110,000)</td><td>(1,070,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Net cash used in financing activities</td><td>(110,000)</td><td>(1,070,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents</td><td>(14,000)</td><td>(271,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents</td><td>(1,352,000)</td><td>(10,316,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year</td><td>5,965,000</td><td>16,281,000</td></tr><tr><td>Cash and cash equivalents at end of year</td><td>$ 4,613,000</td><td>$ 5,965,000</td></tr></table>

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements



# BARNWELL INDUSTRIES, INC.
AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2019 AND 2018

## 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

## Description of Business

Barnwell is engaged in the following lines of business: 1) acquiring, developing, producing and selling oil and natural gas in Canada, 2) investing in land interests in Hawaii, and 3) drilling wells and installing and repairing water pumping systems in Hawaii.

## Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Barnwell Industries, Inc. and all majority-owned subsidiaries (collectively referred to herein as “Barnwell,” “we,” “our,” “us,” or the “Company”), including a 77.6%-owned land investment general partnership (Kaupulehu Developments) and a 75%-owned land investment partnership (KD Kona 2013 LLLP). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Undivided interests in oil and natural gas exploration and production joint ventures are consolidated on a proportionate basis. Barnwell’s investments in both unconsolidated entities in which a significant, but less than controlling, interest is held and in VIEs in which the Company is not deemed to be the primary beneficiary are accounted for by the equity method.

## Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management of Barnwell to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. Significant assumptions are required in the valuation of deferred tax assets, asset retirement obligations, share-based payment arrangements, obligations for retirement plans, contract drilling estimated costs to complete, proved oil and natural gas reserves, and the carrying value of other assets, and such assumptions may impact the amount at which such items are recorded.

## Revenue Recognition

On October 1, 2018, the Company adopted the Financial Accounting Standards Board's (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“Topic 606”) using the modified retrospective method applied to all contracts. Results for reporting periods beginning October 1, 2018 are presented under Topic 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for the prior period. The Company recorded an adjustment to retained earnings on October 1, 2018 due to the cumulative impact of adopting Topic 606. See Note 9 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” for the required disclosures related to the impact of adopting this standard and a discussion of the Company’s updated policies related to revenue recognition discussed below.



Barnwell operates in and derives revenue from the following three principal business segments:

- Oil and Natural Gas Segment - Barnwell engages in oil and natural gas development, production, acquisitions and sales in Canada.

• Land Investment Segment - Barnwell invests in land interests in Hawaii.

• Contract Drilling Segment - Barnwell provides well drilling services and water pumping system installation and repairs in Hawaii.

Oil and Natural Gas - Barnwell’s investments in oil and natural gas properties are located in Alberta, Canada. These property interests are principally held under governmental leases or licenses. Barnwell sells the large majority of its oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids production under short-term contracts between itself and marketers based on prices indexed to market prices and recognizes revenue at a point in time when the oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids are delivered, as this is where Barnwell’s performance obligation is satisfied and title has passed to the customer. Under Topic 606, there were no changes to revenue recognition for the Oil and Natural Gas segment.

Land Investment - Barnwell is entitled to receive contingent residual payments from the entities that previously purchased Barnwell’s land investment interests under contracts entered into in prior years. The residual payments under those contracts become due when the entities sell lots and/or residential units in the areas that were previously sold under the aforementioned contracts or when a preferred payment threshold is achieved. Prior to the adoption of Topic 606, the payments received by Barnwell were deemed contingent revenues under the full accrual method and were recognized as revenues when payment is assured, which was generally when a lot sale occurred or the preferred payments were made. The adoption of Topic 606 did not fundamentally change the way Barnwell recognizes these contingent residual revenue payments due primarily to the variable consideration constraint provision of Topic 606, whereby the constraint is removed only when it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur. As such, there were no significant changes to revenue recognition for the Land Investment segment under Topic 606.

Contract Drilling - Through contracts which are normally less than twelve months in duration, Barnwell drills water and water monitoring wells and installs and repairs water pumping systems in Hawaii. Under the Topic 606 requirements, Barnwell recognizes revenue from well drilling or the installation of pumps over time based on total costs incurred on the projects relative to the total expected costs to satisfy the performance obligation as management believes this is an accurate representation of the percentage of completion as control is continuously transferred to the customer. Uninstalled materials, which typically consists of well casing or pumps, are excluded in the costs-to-costs calculation for the duration of the contract as including these costs would result in a distortion of progress towards satisfaction of the performance obligation due to the resulting cumulative catch-up in margin in a single period. An equal amount of cost and revenue is recorded when uninstalled materials are controlled by the customer, which is typically when Barnwell has the right to payment for the materials and when the materials are delivered to the customer’s site or location and such materials have been accepted by the customer. Uninstalled materials are held in inventory and included in “Other current assets” on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets until control is transferred to the customer. When the estimate on a contract indicates a loss, Barnwell records the entire estimated loss in the period the loss becomes known.

The contract price may include variable consideration, which includes such items as increases to the transaction price for unapproved change orders and claims for which price has not yet been agreed by the customer. The Company estimates variable consideration using either the most likely amount or expected



value method, whichever is a more appropriate reflection of the amount to which it expects to be entitled based on the characteristics and circumstances of the contract. Variable consideration is included in the estimated transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative recognized revenue will not occur.

Contract price and cost estimates are reviewed periodically as work progresses and adjustments proportionate to the costs incurred to date to total estimated costs at completion are reflected in contract revenues in the reporting period when such estimates are revised. The nature of accounting for these contracts is such that refinements of the estimated costs to complete may occur and are characteristic of the estimation process due to changing conditions and new developments. Many factors and assumptions can and do change during a contract performance obligation period which can result in a change to contract profitability including unforseen underground geological conditions (to the extent that contract remedies are unavailable), the availability and costs of skilled contract labor, the performance of major material suppliers, the performance of major subcontractors, unusual weather conditions and unexpected changes in material costs, changes in the scope and nature of the work to be performed, and unexpected construction execution errors, among others. These factors may result in revisions to costs and income and are recognized in the period in which the revisions become known. Revenue and profit in future periods of contract performance are recognized using the adjusted estimate.

Management evaluates the performance of contracts on an individual basis. In the ordinary course of business, but at least quarterly, we prepare updated estimates that may impact the cost and profit or loss for each contract based on actual results to date plus management's best estimate of costs to be incurred to complete each performance obligation. The cumulative effect of revisions in estimates of the total forecasted revenue and costs, including any unapproved change orders and claims, during the course of the contract is reflected in the accounting period in which the facts that caused the revision become known. Changes in the cost estimates can have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and are reflected in the results of operations when they become known.

Unexpected significant inefficiencies that were not considered a risk at the time of entering into the contract, such as design or construction execution errors that result in significant wasted resources, are excluded from the measure of progress toward completion and the costs are expensed as incurred.

To the extent a contract is deemed to have multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the transaction price of the contract to each performance obligation using its best estimate of the standalone selling price of each distinct good or service in the contract.

When the Company receives consideration, or such consideration is unconditionally due, from a customer prior to transferring goods or services to the customer under the terms of a sales contract, the Company records deferred revenue, which represents a contract liability. Such deferred revenue typically results from billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts. Contract liabilities are included in “Other current liabilities” on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings represent certain amounts under customer contracts that were earned and billable, but yet not invoiced, and are included in contract assets and reported in “Other current assets” on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

## Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, demand deposits and short-term investments with original maturities of three months or less.



## Certificates of Deposit

Certificates of deposit include certificates of deposit at various financial institutions with original maturities in excess of three months.

## Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, and certificates of deposit. We maintain bank account balances with high quality financial institutions which often exceed insured limits. We have not experienced any losses with these accounts and believe that we are not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash. Certificates of deposit are maintained at separate high-quality financial institutions within insured limits and are therefore not exposed to any credit risk.

## Accounts and Other Receivables

Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. The allowance for doubtful accounts is Barnwell’s best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in Barnwell’s existing accounts receivable and is based on historical write-off experience and the application of the specific identification method. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. Barnwell does not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure related to its customers.

## Investments in Real Estate

Barnwell accounts for sales of Increment I and Increment II leasehold land interests under the full accrual method. Gains from such sales were recognized when the buyer’s investments were adequate to demonstrate a commitment to pay for the property, risks and rewards of ownership transferred to the buyer, and Barnwell did not have a substantial continuing involvement with the property sold. With regard to payments Kaupulehu Developments is entitled to receive from KD I and KD II, the percentage of sales payments from KD I and KD II and percentage of distributions from KD II are contingent future profits which will be recognized when they are realized. All costs of the sales of Increment I and Increment II leasehold land interests were recognized at the time of sale and were not deferred to future periods when any contingent profits will be recognized.

## Equity Method Investments

Affiliated companies, which are limited partnerships or similar entities, in which Barnwell holds more than a 3% to 5% ownership interest and does not control, are accounted for as equity method investments. Equity method investment adjustments include Barnwell’s proportionate share of investee income or loss, adjustments to recognize certain differences between Barnwell’s carrying value and Barnwell’s equity in net assets of the investee at the date of investment, impairments and other adjustments required by the equity method. Gains or losses are realized when such investments are sold.

Investments in equity method investees are evaluated for impairment as events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. If the carrying amounts of the assets exceed their respective fair values, additional impairment tests are performed to measure the amounts of the impairment losses, if any. When an impairment test demonstrates that the fair value of an investment is less than its carrying value, management will determine whether the impairment is either



temporary or other-than-temporary. Examples of factors which may be indicative of an other-than-temporary impairment include (a) the length of time and extent to which fair value has been less than carrying value, (b) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the investee, and (c) the intent and ability to retain the investment in the investee for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. If the decline in fair value is determined by management to be other-than-temporary, the carrying value of the investment is written down to its estimated fair value as of the balance sheet date of the reporting period in which the assessment is made.

## Variable Interest Entities

The consolidation of VIEs is required when an enterprise has a controlling financial interest and is therefore the VIE’s primary beneficiary. A controlling financial interest will have both of the following characteristics: (a) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and (b) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The determination of whether an entity is a VIE and, if so, whether the Company is primary beneficiary, may require significant judgment.

Barnwell analyzes its unconsolidated affiliates in which it has an investment to determine whether the unconsolidated entities are VIEs and, if so, whether the Company is the primary beneficiary. This analysis includes a qualitative review based on an evaluation of the design of the entity, its organizational structure, including decision making ability and financial agreements, as well as a quantitative review. Our unconsolidated affiliates that have been determined to be VIEs are accounted under the equity method because we do not have a controlling financial interest and are therefore not the VIE’s primary beneficiary (see Note 4).

## Oil and Natural Gas Properties

Barnwell uses the full cost method of accounting under which all costs incurred in the acquisition, exploration and development of oil and natural gas reserves, including costs related to unsuccessful wells and estimated future site restoration and abandonment, are capitalized. We capitalize internal costs that can be directly identified with our acquisition, exploration and development activities and do not include any costs related to production, general corporate overhead or similar activities.

Under the full cost method of accounting, we review the carrying value of our oil and natural gas properties, on a country-by-country basis, each quarter in what is commonly referred to as the ceiling test. Under the ceiling test, capitalized costs, net of accumulated depletion and oil and natural gas related deferred income taxes, may not exceed an amount equal to the sum of 1) the discounted present value (at 10%), using average first-day-of-the-month prices during the 12-month period ending as of the balance sheet date held constant over the life of the reserves, of Barnwell’s estimated future net cash flows from estimated production of proved oil and natural gas reserves as determined by independent petroleum reserve engineers, less estimated future expenditures to be incurred in developing and producing the proved reserves but excluding future cash outflows associated with settling asset retirement obligations with the exception of those associated with proved undeveloped reserves from wells that are to be drilled in the future; plus 2) the cost of major development projects and unproven properties not subject to depletion, if any; plus 3) the lower of cost or estimated fair value of unproven properties included in costs subject to depletion; less 4) related income tax effects. If net capitalized costs exceed this limit, the excess is expensed. Depletion is computed using the units-of-production method whereby capitalized costs, net of estimated salvage values, plus estimated future costs to develop proved reserves and satisfy asset retirement obligations, are amortized over



the total estimated proved reserves on a country-by-country basis. Investments in major development projects are not depleted until either proved reserves are associated with the projects or impairment has been determined. Proceeds from the disposition of oil and natural gas properties are credited to the full cost pool, with no gain or loss recognized, unless such a sale would significantly alter the relationship between capitalized costs and the proved reserves in a particular country.

Barnwell’s sales reflect its working interest share after royalties. Barnwell’s production is generally delivered and sold at the plant gate. Barnwell does not have transportation volume commitments with pipelines and does not have natural gas imbalances related to natural gas balancing arrangements with its partners.

## Acquisitions

In accordance with the guidance for business combinations, Barnwell determines whether an acquisition is a business combination, which requires that the assets acquired and liabilities assumed constitute a business. Each business combination is then accounted for by applying the acquisition method of accounting. If the assets acquired are not a business, the Company accounts for the transaction as an asset acquisition. Under both methods purchase prices are allocated to acquired assets and assumed liabilities based on their estimated fair value at the time of the acquisition. For transactions that are business combinations, the Company evaluates the existence of goodwill or a gain from a bargain purchase. The Company capitalizes acquisition-related costs and fees associated with asset acquisitions and immediately expenses acquisition-related costs and fees associated with business combinations.

## Long-lived Assets

Long-lived assets to be held and used, other than oil and natural gas properties, are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be fully recoverable. Recoverability is measured by comparing the carrying amount of the asset to the future net cash flows expected to result from use of the asset (undiscounted and without interest charges). If it is determined that the asset may not be recoverable, impairment loss is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Long-lived assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the asset carrying value or fair value, less cost to sell.

Water well drilling rigs, office and other property and equipment are depreciated using the straight-line method based on estimated useful lives.

## Share-based Compensation

Share-based compensation cost is measured at fair value. Barnwell utilizes a closed-form valuation model to determine the fair value of each option award. Expected volatilities are based on the historical volatility of Barnwell’s stock over a period consistent with that of the expected terms of the options. The expected terms of the options represent expectations of future employee exercise and are estimated based on factors such as vesting periods, contractual expiration dates, historical trends in Barnwell’s stock price, and historical exercise behavior. The risk-free rates for periods within the contractual life of the options are based on the yields of U.S. Treasury instruments with terms comparable to the estimated option terms. Expected dividends are based on current and historical dividend payments. The Company’s policy is to recognize forfeitures as they occur.



Barnwell accounts for its defined benefit pension plan, Supplemental Employee Retirement Plan, and postretirement medical insurance benefits plan by recognizing the over-funded or under-funded status as an asset or liability in its Consolidated Balance Sheets and recognizes changes in that funded status in the year in which the changes occur through comprehensive income. See further discussion at Note 7.

The estimation of Barnwell’s retirement plan obligations, costs and liabilities requires management to estimate the amount and timing of cash outflows for projected future payments and cash inflows for maturities and expected returns on plan assets. These assumptions may have an effect on the amount and timing of future contributions.

At the end of each year, Barnwell determines the discount rate to be used to calculate the present value of plan liabilities and the net periodic benefit cost. The discount rate is an estimate of the current interest rate at which the retirement plan liabilities could be effectively settled at the end of the year. In estimating this rate, Barnwell performs a cash-flow matching discount rate analysis developed using high-quality corporate bonds yield. The discount rate used to value the future benefit obligation as of each year-end is the rate used to determine the periodic benefit cost in the following year.

The expected long-term return on assets assumption for the pension plans represents the average rate of return to be earned on plan assets over the period the benefits included in the benefit obligation are to be paid. The actual fair value of plan assets and estimated rate of return is used to determine the expected investment return during the year. The estimated rate of return on plan assets is based on an estimate of future experience for plan asset returns, the mix of plan assets, current market conditions, and expectations for future market conditions. A decrease (increase) of 50 basis points in the expected return on assets assumption would increase (decrease) pension expense by approximately $50,000 based on the assets of the plan at September 30, 2019.

The effects of changing assumptions are included in unamortized net gains and losses, which directly affect accumulated other comprehensive income. These unamortized gains and losses in excess of certain thresholds are amortized and reclassified to (loss) income over the average remaining service life of active employees.

## Asset Retirement Obligation

Barnwell accounts for asset retirement obligations by recognizing the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation in the period in which it is incurred if a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. Barnwell estimates the fair value of asset retirement obligations based on the projected discounted future cash outflows required to settle abandonment and restoration liabilities. Such an estimate requires assumptions and judgments regarding the existence of liabilities, the amount and timing of cash outflows required to settle the liability, what constitutes adequate restoration, inflation factors, credit adjusted discount rates, and consideration of changes in legal, regulatory, environmental and political environments. Abandonment and restoration cost estimates are determined in conjunction with Barnwell’s reserve engineers based on historical information regarding costs incurred to abandon and restore similar well sites, information regarding current market conditions and costs, and knowledge of subject well sites and properties. These assumptions represent Level 3 inputs.

Barnwell’s estimated site restoration and abandonment costs of its oil and natural gas properties are capitalized as part of the carrying amount of oil and natural gas properties and depleted over the life of the



related reserves. When the assumptions used to estimate a recorded asset retirement obligation change, a revision is recorded to both the asset retirement obligation and the capitalized cost of asset retirements. The liability is accreted at the end of each period through charges to oil and natural gas operating expense.

## Income Taxes

Income taxes are determined using the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax impacts of differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized.

Management evaluates its potential exposures from tax positions taken that have been or could be challenged by taxing authorities. These potential exposures result because taxing authorities may take positions that differ from those taken by management in the interpretation and application of statutes, regulations and rules. Management considers the possibility of alternative outcomes based upon past experience, previous actions by taxing authorities (e.g., actions taken in other jurisdictions) and advice from tax experts. Recognized tax positions are initially and subsequently measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that is more likely than not of being realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority on a jurisdiction-by-jurisdiction basis. Liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits related to such tax positions are included in long-term liabilities unless the tax position is expected to be settled within the upcoming year, in which case the liabilities are included in current liabilities. Interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions are included in income tax expense.

## Environmental

Barnwell is subject to extensive environmental laws and regulations. These laws, which are constantly changing, regulate the discharge of materials into the environment and maintenance of surface conditions and may require Barnwell to remove or mitigate the environmental effects of the disposal or release of petroleum or chemical substances at various sites. Environmental expenditures are expensed or capitalized depending on their future economic benefit. Expenditures that relate to an existing condition caused by past operations and that have no future economic benefit are expensed. Liabilities for expenditures of a noncapital nature are recorded when environmental assessment and/or remediation is probable, and the costs can be reasonably estimated.

Barnwell recognizes an insurance receivable related to environmental expenditures when collection of the receivable is deemed probable. Any recognition of an insurance receivable is recorded by crediting and offsetting the original charge. Any differential arising between insurance recoveries and insurance receivables is expensed or capitalized, consistent with the original treatment.

## Foreign Currency Translation

Assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries are translated at the year-end exchange rate. Operating results of foreign subsidiaries are translated at average exchange rates during the period. Translation adjustments have no effect on net income and are included in “Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net” in stockholders’ equity.



Fair value is defined as the amount that would be received from the sale of an asset or paid for the transfer of a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value measurements are classified and disclosed in one of the following categories:

- Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities in active markets and have the highest priority.

- Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly.

• Level 3: Unobservable inputs for the financial asset or liability and have the lowest priority.

## Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606),” which requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. The Company adopted the provisions of this ASU effective October 1, 2018. The impacts of Topic 606 on Barnwell are described in the "Revenue Recognition" accounting policy noted above as well as Note 9.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, “Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities,” which provides guidance for the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial assets and liabilities. The Company adopted the provisions of this ASU effective October 1, 2018. The adoption of this update did not have an impact on Barnwell’s consolidated financial statements.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, “Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments,” which addresses the classification of certain specific cash flow issues including debt prepayment or extinguishment costs, settlement of certain debt instruments, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of certain insurance claims and distributions received from equity method investees. The Company adopted the provisions of this ASU effective October 1, 2018. The adoption of this update did not have an impact on Barnwell’s consolidated financial statements.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, “Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory,” which provides guidance on recognition of current income tax consequences for intra-entity asset transfers (other than inventory) at the time of transfer. This represents a change from current GAAP, where the consolidated tax consequences of intra-entity asset transfers are deferred until the transferred asset is sold to a third party or otherwise recovered through use. The Company adopted the provisions of this ASU effective October 1, 2018. The adoption of this update did not have an impact on Barnwell’s consolidated financial statements.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, “Statement of Cash Flows - Restricted Cash,” which requires that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Thus, amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and the end-of-period total amounts set forth on the



statement of cash flows. The Company adopted the provisions of this ASU effective October 1, 2018. The adoption of this update did not have an impact on Barnwell's consolidated financial statements as Barnwell did not have restricted cash at the time of adoption.

In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-05, “Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets,” which clarifies the scope of Subtopic 610-20 and adds guidance for partial sales of nonfinancial assets. The Company adopted the provisions of this ASU effective October 1, 2018. The adoption of this update did not have an impact on Barnwell’s consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, “Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost,” which requires employers to report the service cost component separate from the other components of net pension benefit costs. The changes to the standard require employers to report the service cost component in the same line item as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by employees during the reporting period. The other components of net benefit cost are required to be presented in the income statement separately from the service cost component and outside the subtotal of income from operations, if one is presented. If a separate line item is not used, the line item used in the income statement must be disclosed. The Company adopted the provisions of this ASU effective October 1, 2018. The adoption of this update changed the disclosure of net pension benefit costs in Note 7.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, “Stock Compensation - Scope of Modification Accounting,” which provides clarification on when modification accounting should be used for changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award. The Company adopted the provisions of this ASU effective October 1, 2018. The adoption of this update did not have an impact on Barnwell’s consolidated financial statements.

## Impact of Pending Adoption of Significant Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases,” which seeks to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and by disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. In general, a right-of-use asset and lease obligation will be recorded for leases exceeding a twelve-month term whether operating or financing, while the income statement will reflect lease expense for operating leases and amortization/interest expense for financing leases. The balance sheet amount recorded for existing leases at the date of adoption must be calculated using the applicable incremental borrowing rate at the date of adoption. Subsequent to the issuance of ASU No. 2016-02, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-01, “Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Topic 842,” which provides an optional transition practical expedient to not evaluate existing or expired land easements under the new lease standard, ASU No. 2018-10, “Clarifying Pre-Effective Amendments to the Forthcoming Lease Accounting Rules,” which provides further clarification on certain guidance within ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases,” ASU No. 2018-11, “Leases (Topic 842) - Targeted Improvements,” which allows for a transitional method of adopting the new lease standard, and ASU No. 2019-01, “Leases (Topic 842) - Codification Improvements,” which amended certain aspects of the new leasing standard. These ASUs are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those annual periods, and allow for the use of either a full retrospective approach for all periods presented in the period of adoption, or a modified retrospective transition approach.

The Company will adopt this standard during the first quarter of fiscal 2020 using the optional transition method under ASU No. 2018-11, recognizing a cumulative-effect change to the opening balance



of retained earnings in the period of adoption. Based on our analysis, the Company expects the adoption of this standard on October 1, 2019 will result in the recognition of assets and liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets related to our existing operating leases and any cumulative-effect adjustment to opening retained earnings is estimated to be immaterial. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.

## 2. LOSS PER COMMON SHARE

Basic loss per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted loss per share is calculated using the treasury stock method to reflect the assumed issuance of common shares for all potentially dilutive securities, which consist of outstanding stock options. Potentially dilutive shares are excluded from the computation of diluted loss per share if their effect is anti-dilutive.

Options to purchase 318,750 shares of common stock were excluded from the computation of diluted shares for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, as their inclusion would have been antidilutive.

Reconciliations between net loss attributable to Barnwell stockholders and common shares outstanding of the basic and diluted net loss per share computations are detailed in the following tables:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="3">Year ended September 30, 2019</td></tr><tr><td>Net Loss (Numerator)</td><td>Shares (Denominator)</td><td>Per-Share Amount</td></tr><tr><td>Basic net loss per share</td><td>$ (12,414,000)</td><td>8,277,160</td><td>$ (1.50)</td></tr><tr><td>Effect of dilutive securities - common stock options</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Diluted net loss per share</td><td>$ (12,414,000)</td><td>8,277,160</td><td>$ (1.50)</td></tr></table>

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="3">Year ended September 30, 2018</td></tr><tr><td>Net Loss (Numerator)</td><td>Shares (Denominator)</td><td>Per-Share Amount</td></tr><tr><td>Basic net loss per share</td><td>$ (1,770,000)</td><td>8,277,160</td><td>$ (0.21)</td></tr><tr><td>Effect of dilutive securities - common stock options</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Diluted net loss per share</td><td>$ (1,770,000)</td><td>8,277,160</td><td>$ (0.21)</td></tr></table>

## 3. SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS

The Company’s share-based compensation benefit and related income tax effects are as follows:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Share-based benefit</td><td>$ (42,000)</td><td>$ (59,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Income tax effect</td><td>$ —</td><td>$ —</td></tr></table>

Share-based compensation benefit recognized for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 are reflected in “General and administrative” expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. There was no impact on income taxes for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 due to a full valuation allowance.



on the related deferred tax asset. As of September 30, 2019, there was no unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested share options.

## Description of Share-Based Payment Arrangements

The Company’s stock option plans are administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors.

2008 Equity Incentive Plan: Under the stockholder-approved 2008 Stock Option Plan (the "2008 Plan"), Barnwell was authorized to grant up to 800,000 shares of common stock to employees. A total of 737,500 share options were granted under this plan; as the 2008 Plan has reached its tenth anniversary, option shares are no longer available for grant. Stock options grants included nonqualified stock options that had exercise prices equal to Barnwell's stock price on the date of grant, vested annually over a service period of four years commencing one year from the date of grant and expired ten years from the date of grant. Certain options have stock appreciation rights that permitted the holder to receive stock, cash or a combination thereof equal to the amount by which the fair market value, at the time of exercise of the option, exceeded the option price.

2018 Equity Incentive Plan: The stockholder-approved 2018 Equity Incentive Plan provides for the issuance of incentive stock options, nonstatutory stock options, stock options with stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and performance units, qualified performance-based awards, and stock grants to employees, consultants and non-employee members of the Board of Directors. 800,000 shares of Barnwell common stock have been reserved for issuance and as of September 30, 2019, a total of 800,000 share options remain available for grant.

Barnwell currently has a policy of issuing new shares to satisfy share option exercises when the optionee requests shares.

## Equity-classified Awards

Compensation cost for equity-classified awards is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as an expense over the requisite service period.

A summary of the activity in Barnwell’s equity-classified share options from October 1, 2018 through September 30, 2019 is presented below:

<table><tr><td>Options</td><td>Shares</td><td>Weighted-Average Exercise Price</td><td>Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term</td><td>Aggregate Intrinsic Value</td></tr><tr><td>Outstanding at October 1, 2018</td><td>30,000</td><td>$ 3.01</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Granted</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Exercised</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Expired/Forfeited</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Outstanding at September 30, 2019</td><td>30,000</td><td>$ 3.01</td><td>0.5</td><td>$ —</td></tr><tr><td>Exercisable at September 30, 2019</td><td>30,000</td><td>$ 3.01</td><td>0.5</td><td>$ —</td></tr></table>



Total share-based compensation expense for equity-classified awards vested in the year ended September 30, 2018 was $1,000. There was no shared-based compensation expense for equity-classified awards vested in the year ended September 30, 2019.

## Liability-classified Awards

Compensation cost for liability-classified awards is remeasured to current fair value using a closed-form valuation model based on current values at each period end with the change in fair value recognized as an expense or benefit until the award is settled.

The following assumptions were used in estimating fair value for all liability-classified share options outstanding:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Expected volatility range</td><td>87.8% to 91.1%</td><td>59.8% to 60.1%</td></tr><tr><td>Weighted-average volatility</td><td>90.8%</td><td>59.8%</td></tr><tr><td>Expected dividends</td><td>None</td><td>None</td></tr><tr><td>Expected term (in years)</td><td>0.2 to 0.5</td><td>1.2 to 5.2</td></tr><tr><td>Risk-free interest rate</td><td>1.8% to 1.9%</td><td>2.6% to 2.9%</td></tr><tr><td>Expected forfeitures</td><td>None</td><td>None</td></tr></table>

The application of alternative assumptions could produce significantly different estimates of the fair value of share-based compensation, and consequently, the related costs reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

A summary of the activity in Barnwell’s liability-classified share options from October 1, 2018 through September 30, 2019 is presented below:

<table><tr><td>Options</td><td>Shares</td><td>Weighted-Average Exercise Price</td><td>Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term</td><td>Aggregate Intrinsic Value</td></tr><tr><td>Outstanding at October 1, 2018</td><td>288,750</td><td>$ 4.18</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Granted</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Exercised</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Expired/Forfeited</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Outstanding at September 30, 2019</td><td>288,750</td><td>$ 4.18</td><td>0.2</td><td>$ —</td></tr><tr><td>Exercisable at September 30, 2019</td><td>288,750</td><td>$ 4.18</td><td>0.2</td><td>$ —</td></tr></table>



The following table summarizes the components of the total share-based compensation for liability-classified awards:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="3">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Due to vesting</td><td>$ —</td><td>$ —</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Due to remeasurement</td><td>(42,000)</td><td>(60,000)</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Total share-based compensation benefit for liability-based awards</td><td>$ (42,000)</td><td>$ (60,000)</td><td></td></tr></table>

## 4. INVESTMENTS

A summary of Barnwell’s non-current investments is as follows:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Investment in Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships</td><td>$ 930,000</td><td>$ 1,558,000</td></tr><tr><td>Investment in leasehold land interest - Lot 4C</td><td>50,000</td><td>50,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total non-current investments</td><td>$ 980,000</td><td>$ 1,608,000</td></tr></table>

## Investment in Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships

On November 27, 2013, Barnwell, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, entered into two limited liability limited partnerships, KD Kona and KKM Makai (“KKM”), and indirectly acquired a 19.6% non-controlling ownership interest in each of KD Kukio Resorts, KD Maniniowali, and KD Kaupulehu (“KDK”) for $5,140,000. These entities, collectively referred to hereinafter as the “Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships,” own certain real estate and development rights interests in the Kukio, Maniniowali and Kaupulehu portions of Kukio Resort, a private residential community on the Kona coast of the island of Hawaii, as well as Kukio Resort’s real estate sales office operations. KDK holds interests in KD Acquisition, LLLP (“KD I”) and KD Acquisition II, LP, formerly KD Acquisition II, LLLP (“KD II”). KD I is the developer of Kaupulehu Lot 4A Increment I (“Increment I”), and KD II is the developer of Kaupulehu Lot 4A Increment II (“Increment II”). Barnwell’s ownership interests in the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships is accounted for using the equity method of accounting. The partnerships derive income from the sale of residential parcels as well as from commissions on real estate sales by the real estate sales office.

In March 2019, KD II admitted a new development partner, Replay Kaupulehu Development, LLC (“Replay”), a party unrelated to Barnwell, in an effort to move forward with development of the remainder of Increment II at Kaupulehu. Effective March 7, 2019, KDK and Replay hold ownership interests of 55% and 45%, respectively, of KD II. Accordingly, Barnwell has a 10.8% indirect non-controlling ownership interest in KD II through KDK as of that date that will continue to be accounted for using the equity method of accounting. Barnwell continues to have an indirect 19.6% non-controlling ownership interest in KD Kukio Resorts, LLLP, KD Maniniowali, LLLP, and KD I.

During the year ended September 30, 2019, Barnwell received net cash distributions in the amount of $314,000 from the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships after distributing $38,000 to non-controlling interests. During the year ended September 30, 2018, Barnwell received net cash distributions in the amount of $735,000 from the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships after distributing $89,000 to non-controlling interests.



Barnwell has the right to receive distributions from its non-controlling interest in KKM in proportion to its partner capital sharing ratio of 34.45%. Barnwell is entitled to a 100% preferred return up to $1,000,000 from KKM on any allocated equity in income of the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships for cumulative distributions to all of its partners in excess of $45,000,000 from those partnerships. With the distribution during the year ended September 30, 2019, cumulative distributions from the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships totaled $45,000,000. Because we have no control over the distributions from the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships and the ability of the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships to make such distributions is dependent upon their future sales of lots, we have not recorded any estimated potential preferred return from KKM in our equity in income to date. However, if sufficient distributions are made by the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships in the future, Barnwell will have equity in income of affiliates for the recognition of the preferred return. There is no assurance that any future distributions and resulting preferred returns will occur.

Barnwell’s share of the operating results of its equity affiliates was a loss of $276,000 for the year ended September 30, 2019 and income of $223,000 for the year ended September 30, 2018. The equity in the underlying net assets of the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships exceeds the carrying value of the investment in affiliates by approximately $296,000 as of September 30, 2019, which is attributable to differences in the value of capitalized development costs and a note receivable. The basis difference will be recognized as the partnerships sell lots and recognize the associated costs and sell memberships for the Kuki’o Golf and Beach Club for which the receivable relates. The basis difference adjustments of $18,000 and $8,000, for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, increased equity in income of affiliates.

Summarized financial information for the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships is as follows:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="3">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Revenue</td><td>$ 7,507,000</td><td>$ 11,362,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Gross profit</td><td>$ 3,157,000</td><td>$ 5,757,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Net (loss) earnings</td><td>$ (1,095,000)</td><td>$ 1,815,000</td><td></td></tr></table>

## Sale of Interest in Leasehold Land

Kaupulehu Developments has the right to receive payments from KD I and KD II resulting from the sale of lots and/or residential units within Increment I and Increment II by KD I and KD II (see Note 15).

With respect to Increment I, Kaupulehu Developments is entitled to receive payments from KD I based on the following percentages of the gross receipts from KD I’s sales of single-family residential lots in Increment I: 10% of such aggregate gross proceeds greater than $100,000,000 up to $300,000,000; and 14% of such aggregate gross proceeds in excess of $300,000,000. In fiscal 2019, one single-family lot in Increment I was sold bringing the total amount of gross proceeds from single-family lot sales through September 30, 2019 to $216,400,000. As of September 30, 2019, 19 single-family lots, of the 80 lots developed within Increment I, remained to be sold.

Under the terms of the former Increment II agreement with KD II, Kaupulehu Developments was entitled to receive payments from KD II resulting from the sale of lots and/or residential units by KD II within Increment II. Through March 6, 2019, the payments were based on a percentage of gross receipts from KD II's sales ranging from 8% to 10% of the price of improved or unimproved lots or 2.60% to 3.25% of the price of units constructed on a lot, to be determined in the future depending upon a number of variables,



including whether the lots are sold prior to improvement. Two ocean front parcels approximately two to three acres in size fronting the ocean were developed within Increment II by KD II, of which one was sold in fiscal 2017 and one was sold in fiscal 2016. The remaining acreage within Increment II is not yet under development.

Through March 6, 2019, Kaupulehu Developments was also entitled to receive 50% of distributions otherwise payable from KD II to its members after the members of KD II have received distributions equal to the original basis of capital invested in the project, up to $8,000,000. Through March 6, 2019, a cumulative total of $3,500,000 was received from KD II under this arrangement, out of the $8,000,000 maximum. The former arrangement also included the rights to three single-family residential lots in Phase 2 of Increment II when developed, at no cost to Barnwell, with a commitment by Barnwell to begin to construct a residence upon each lot within six months of transfer.

Concurrent with the transaction whereby KD II admitted Replay as a new development partner, Kaupulehu Developments entered into new agreements with KD II whereby the aforementioned terms of the former Increment II arrangement were eliminated and Kaupulehu Developments will instead be entitled to 15% of the distributions of KD II, the cost of which is to be solely borne by KDK out of its 55% ownership interest in KD II, plus a priority payout of 10% of KDK’s cumulative net profits derived from Increment II sales subsequent to Phase 2A, up to a maximum of $3,000,000 as to the priority payout. Such interests are limited to distributions or net profits interests and Barnwell will not have any partnership interests in KD II or KDK through its interest in Kaupulehu Developments. The new arrangement also gives Barnwell rights to three single-family residential lots in Phase 2A of Increment II, and four single-family residential lots in phases subsequent to Phase 2A when such lots are developed by KD II, all at no cost to Barnwell. Barnwell is committed to commence construction of improvements within 90 days of the transfer of the four lots in the phases subsequent to Phase 2A as a condition of the transfer of such lots. Also, in addition to Barnwell’s existing obligations to pay professional fees to certain parties based on percentages of its gross receipts, Kaupulehu Developments is now also obligated to pay an amount equal to 0.72% and 0.20% of the cumulative net profits of KD II to KD Development, LLC and a pool of various individuals, respectively, all of whom are partners of KKM and are unrelated to Barnwell, in compensation for the agreement of these parties to admit the new development partner for Increment II. Such compensation will be reflected as the obligation becomes probable and the amount of the obligation can be reasonably estimated. The new agreements also specify that Kaupulehu Developments was to be paid $1,000,000 by KD II prior to admission of Replay as a partner. This $1,000,000 payment had already been received in June 2018 and is included in the $3,500,000 cumulative total as of March 6, 2019 discussed above.

The Increment I percentage of sales arrangement between Barnwell and KD I remains unchanged.

The following table summarizes the Increment I and Increment II revenues from KD I and KD II and the amount of fees directly related to such revenues (see Note 13 "Commitments and Contingencies - Other Matters"):

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Sale of interest in leasehold land:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Revenues - sale of interest in leasehold land</td><td>$ 165,000</td><td>$ 1,645,000</td></tr><tr><td>Fees - included in general and administrative expenses</td><td>(20,000)</td><td>(216,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Sale of interest in leasehold land, net of fees paid</td><td>$ 145,000</td><td>$ 1,429,000</td></tr></table>

There is no assurance with regards to the amounts of future payments from Increment I or Increment II to be received.



Kaupulehu Developments holds an interest in an area of approximately 1,000 acres of vacant leasehold land zoned conservation located adjacent to Lot 4A, which currently has no development potential without both a development agreement with the lessor and zoning reclassification. The lease terminates in December 2025.

## 5. OIL AND NATURAL GAS PROPERTIES

## Dispositions

In February 2018, Barnwell sold its oil properties located in the Red Earth area of Alberta, Canada. As a result of the significant impact that the sale of Red Earth had on the relationship between capitalized costs and proved reserves of the sold property and retained properties, Barnwell did not credit the sales proceeds to the full cost pool, but instead calculated a gain on the sale of Red Earth of $2,140,000 which was recognized during the year ended September 30, 2018, in accordance with the guidance in Rule 4-10(c)(6)(i) of Regulation S-X.

Also included in gain on sales of assets during the year ended September 30, 2018 was a $115,000 gain on the sale of Barnwell's interest in natural gas transmission lines and related surface facilities in the Stolberg area of Alberta, Canada.

Barnwell also sold miscellaneous other oil and natural gas properties for $221,000 during the year ended September 30, 2018, of which $106,000 was withheld and remitted by the buyers to the Canada Revenue Agency for potential amounts due for Barnwell’s Canadian income taxes related to the sales. No gain or loss was recognized related to these dispositions as these sales to multiple counterparties in unrelated transactions did not individually, or in aggregate, result in a significant alteration of the relationship between capitalized costs and proved reserves.

There were no oil and natural gas property dispositions during the year ended September 30, 2019.

The $1,519,000 of proceeds from sale of oil and gas properties included in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the year ended September 30, 2019 primarily represents the refund of income taxes previously withheld from what otherwise would have been proceeds on prior years' oil and natural gas property sales.

## Acquisitions

On August 28 2018, Barnwell completed the acquisition of interests in oil and natural gas properties located in the Twining area of Alberta, Canada from an independent third party. The purchase price per the agreement was $10,362,000, which took into account estimated customary purchase price adjustments to reflect the economic activity from the effective date of July 1, 2018 to the closing date. The final determination of the customary adjustments to the purchase price resulted in a $172,000 reduction in the purchase price in the year ended September 30, 2019, bringing the final purchase price to $10,190,000. Barnwell also assumed $3,076,000 in asset retirement obligations associated with the Twining acquisition.

In the quarter ended December 31, 2018, Barnwell acquired additional working interests in oil and natural gas properties located in the Wood River and Twining areas of Alberta, Canada for cash consideration



of $355,000. The purchase prices per the agreements were adjusted for customary purchase price adjustments to reflect the economic activity from the effective date to the closing date. The customary adjustments to the purchase prices were finalized in the quarter ended June 30, 2019 and resulted in an immaterial adjustment.

There were no other oil and natural gas working interest acquisitions during the year ended September 30, 2019.

## Impairment of Oil and Natural Gas Properties

Under the full cost method of accounting, the Company performs quarterly oil and natural gas ceiling test calculations. There was a ceiling test impairment of $5,710,000 during the year ended September 30, 2019 as a result of the ceiling test. There was no ceiling test impairment during year ended September 30, 2018.

Changes in the 12-month rolling average first-day-of-the-month prices for oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids prices, the value of reserve additions as compared to the amount of capital expenditures to obtain them, and changes in production rates and estimated levels of reserves, future development costs and the market value of unproved properties, impact the determination of the maximum carrying value of oil and natural gas properties. In addition, the ceiling test is also impacted by any changes in management's quarterly evaluation of the Company's ability to fund the approximately $13,000,000 of future capital expenditures necessary over the next five years to develop the proved undeveloped reserves that are largely in the Twining area, the value of which is included in the calculation of the ceiling limitation. If facts, circumstances, estimates and assumptions underlying management's assessment of the Company's ability to fund such capital expenditures change such that it is no longer reasonably certain that all of the approximately $13,000,000 of capital expenditures necessary to develop the proved undeveloped reserves can be made, it is likely that we will incur a further ceiling test impairment at that time.



## 6. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT AND ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATION

Barnwell’s property and equipment is detailed as follows:

<table><tr><td></td><td>Estimated Useful Lives</td><td>Gross Property and Equipment</td><td>Accumulated Depletion, Depreciation, and Amortization</td><td>Net Property and Equipment</td></tr><tr><td>At September 30, 2019:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Land</td><td>$     200,000</td><td>$     200,000</td><td>$     200,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Oil and natural gas properties</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>(full cost accounting)</td><td>62,205,000</td><td>(55,972,000)</td><td>6,233,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Drilling rigs and equipment</td><td>3 - 10 years</td><td>7,882,000</td><td>(6,484,000)</td><td>1,398,000</td></tr><tr><td>Office</td><td>40 years</td><td>857,000</td><td>(338,000)</td><td>519,000</td></tr><tr><td>Other property and equipment</td><td>3 - 17 years</td><td>1,378,000</td><td>(1,340,000)</td><td>38,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>$     72,522,000</td><td>$     64,134,000</td><td>$     8,388,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Estimated Useful Lives</td><td>Gross Property and Equipment</td><td>Accumulated Depletion, Depreciation, and Amortization</td><td>Net Property and Equipment</td></tr><tr><td>At September 30, 2018:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Land</td><td>$     200,000</td><td>$     200,000</td><td>$     200,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Oil and natural gas properties</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>(full cost accounting)</td><td>63,946,000</td><td>(48,769,000)</td><td>15,177,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Drilling rigs and equipment</td><td>3 - 10 years</td><td>6,620,000</td><td>(6,197,000)</td><td>423,000</td></tr><tr><td>Office</td><td>40 years</td><td>857,000</td><td>(317,000)</td><td>540,000</td></tr><tr><td>Other property and equipment</td><td>3 - 17 years</td><td>1,387,000</td><td>(1,316,000)</td><td>71,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>$     73,010,000</td><td>$     56,599,000</td><td>$     16,411,000</td><td></td></tr></table>

See Note 5 for discussion of acquisitions and divestitures of oil and natural gas properties in fiscal 2019 and 2018.



Barnwell recognizes the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation in the period in which it is incurred if a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. The following is a reconciliation of the asset retirement obligation:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Asset retirement obligation as of beginning of year</td><td>$ 7,122,000</td><td>$ 6,863,000</td></tr><tr><td>Obligations incurred on new wells drilled or acquired</td><td>203,000</td><td>3,085,000</td></tr><tr><td>Liabilities associated with properties sold</td><td>(43,000)</td><td>(1,855,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Revision of estimated obligation</td><td>(958,000)</td><td>(547,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Accretion expense</td><td>608,000</td><td>297,000</td></tr><tr><td>Payments</td><td>(372,000)</td><td>(624,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Foreign currency translation adjustment</td><td>(171,000)</td><td>(97,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Asset retirement obligation as of end of year</td><td>6,389,000</td><td>7,122,000</td></tr><tr><td>Less current portion</td><td>(330,000)</td><td>(444,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Asset retirement obligation, long-term</td><td>$ 6,059,000</td><td>$ 6,678,000</td></tr></table>

Asset retirement obligations were reduced by $43,000 and $1,855,000, in fiscal 2019 and 2018, respectively, for those obligations that were assumed by purchasers of Barnwell's oil and natural gas properties. Asset retirement obligations were also reduced by $958,000 in fiscal 2019 and $547,000 in fiscal 2018 due to downward revisions related to deferrals in the estimated timing of future abandonments as a result of changes in the estimated funds available to develop the Company's reserves in the Twining area. Asset retirement obligations increased by $203,000 in fiscal 2019 and $3,085,000 in fiscal 2018 due primarily to our acquisitions (see Note 5 for additional details). The asset retirement obligation reflects the estimated present value of the amount of dismantlement, removal, site reclamation, and similar activities associated with Barnwell's oil and gas properties. Barnwell estimates the ultimate productive life of the properties, a credit-adjusted risk-free rate, and an inflation factor in order to determine the current present value of this obligation. The credit-adjusted risk-free rate for the entire asset retirement obligation is a blended rate which ranges from 6% to 11%. The credit-adjusted risk-free rate for the asset retirement obligation acquired through the Twining acquisition is 11%.

## 7. RETIREMENT PLANS

Barnwell sponsors a noncontributory defined benefit pension plan (“Pension Plan”) covering substantially all of its U.S. employees, with benefits based on years of service and the employee’s highest consecutive 5 years average earnings. Barnwell’s funding policy is intended to provide for both benefits attributed to service to date and for those expected to be earned in the future. In addition, Barnwell sponsors a Supplemental Employee Retirement Plan (“SERP”), a noncontributory supplemental retirement benefit plan which covers certain current and former employees of Barnwell for amounts exceeding the limits allowed under the Pension Plan, and a postretirement medical insurance benefits plan (“Postretirement Medical”) covering officers of Barnwell Industries, Inc., the parent company, who have attained at least 20 years of service of which at least 10 years were at the position of Vice President or higher, their spouses and qualifying dependents.



The following tables detail the changes in benefit obligations, fair values of plan assets and reconciliations of the funded status of the retirement plans:

<table><tr><td rowspan="3"></td><td colspan="2">Pension</td><td colspan="2">SERP</td><td colspan="2">Postretirement Medical</td></tr><tr><td colspan="6">September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td><td>2019</td><td>2018</td><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Change in Projected Benefit Obligation:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Benefit obligation at beginning of year</td><td>$ 9,164,000</td><td>$ 9,633,000</td><td>$ 2,039,000</td><td>$ 1,605,000</td><td>$ 2,382,000</td><td>$ 2,029,000</td></tr><tr><td>Service cost</td><td>189,000</td><td>216,000</td><td>32,000</td><td>39,000</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Interest cost</td><td>372,000</td><td>355,000</td><td>78,000</td><td>76,000</td><td>99,000</td><td>76,000</td></tr><tr><td>Actuarial loss (gain)</td><td>1,426,000</td><td>(576,000)</td><td>236,000</td><td>323,000</td><td>161,000</td><td>290,000</td></tr><tr><td>Benefits paid</td><td>(180,000)</td><td>(464,000)</td><td>—</td><td>(4,000)</td><td>(9,000)</td><td>(13,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Benefit obligation at end of year</td><td>10,971,000</td><td>9,164,000</td><td>2,385,000</td><td>2,039,000</td><td>2,633,000</td><td>2,382,000</td></tr><tr><td>Change in Plan Assets:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year</td><td>10,012,000</td><td>9,098,000</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Actual return on plan assets</td><td>245,000</td><td>1,178,000</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Employer contributions</td><td>115,000</td><td>200,000</td><td>—</td><td>4,000</td><td>9,000</td><td>13,000</td></tr><tr><td>Benefits paid</td><td>(180,000)</td><td>(464,000)</td><td>—</td><td>(4,000)</td><td>(9,000)</td><td>(13,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Fair value of plan assets at end of year</td><td>10,192,000</td><td>10,012,000</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Funded status</td><td>$ (779,000)</td><td>$ 848,000</td><td>$ (2,385,000)</td><td>$ (2,039,000)</td><td>$ (2,633,000)</td><td>$ (2,382,000)</td></tr></table>

<table><tr><td rowspan="3"></td><td colspan="2">Pension</td><td colspan="2">SERP</td><td colspan="2">Postretirement Medical</td></tr><tr><td colspan="6">September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td><td>2019</td><td>2018</td><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr></table>

Amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets:

<table><tr><td>Noncurrent assets</td><td>$ —</td><td>$ 848,000</td><td>$ —</td><td>$ —</td><td>$ —</td><td>$ —</td></tr><tr><td>Current liabilities</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>(2,000)</td><td>(4,000)</td><td>(10,000)</td><td>(7,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Noncurrent liabilities</td><td>(779,000)</td><td>—</td><td>(2,383,000)</td><td>(2,035,000)</td><td>(2,623,000)</td><td>(2,375,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Net amount</td><td>$ (779,000)</td><td>$ 848,000</td><td>$ (2,385,000)</td><td>$ (2,039,000)</td><td>$ (2,633,000)</td><td>$ (2,382,000)</td></tr></table>

Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss (income) before income taxes:

<table><tr><td>Net actuarial loss</td><td>$ 2,939,000</td><td>$ 1,112,000</td><td>$ 497,000</td><td>$ 260,000</td><td>$ 667,000</td><td>$ 560,000</td></tr><tr><td>Prior service cost (credit)</td><td>54,000</td><td>59,000</td><td>(54,000)</td><td>(59,000)</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Accumulated other comprehensive loss</td><td>$ 2,993,000</td><td>$ 1,171,000</td><td>$ 443,000</td><td>$ 201,000</td><td>$ 667,000</td><td>$ 560,000</td></tr></table>

No contributions will be made to the Pension Plan during fiscal 2020. The SERP and Postretirement Medical plans are unfunded and Barnwell funds benefits when payments are made. Expected payments under the Postretirement Medical plan and SERP for fiscal 2020 are not material. Fluctuations in actual market returns as well as changes in general interest rates will result in changes in the market value of plan assets and may result in increased or decreased retirement benefits costs and contributions in future periods.

The pension plan actuarial losses in fiscal 2019 were primarily due to a decrease in the discount rate and actual investment returns that were lower than the assumed rate of return. The SERP actuarial losses in fiscal 2019 were primarily due to a decrease in the discount rate. The postretirement medical plan actuarial



losses in fiscal 2019 were primarily due to a decrease in the discount rate and an increase in the medical insurance premium assumptions.

The pension plan actuarial gains in fiscal 2018 were primarily due to an increase in the discount rate and actual investment returns that were greater than the assumed rate of return. The SERP actuarial losses in fiscal 2018 were primarily due to an increase in the rate of compensation that was higher than expected. The postretirement medical plan actuarial losses in fiscal 2018 were primarily due to an increase in the medical insurance premium assumptions, partially offset by an increase in the discount rate.

The following table presents the weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations and net benefit (income) costs:

<table><tr><td rowspan="3"></td><td colspan="2">Pension</td><td colspan="2">SERP</td><td colspan="2">Postretirement Medical</td></tr><tr><td colspan="6">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td><td>2019</td><td>2018</td><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td colspan="7">Assumptions used to determine fiscal year-end benefit obligations:</td></tr><tr><td>Discount rate</td><td>3.06%</td><td>4.15%</td><td>3.06%</td><td>4.15%</td><td>3.06%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Rate of compensation increase</td><td>4.00%</td><td>4.00%</td><td>4.00%</td><td>4.00%</td><td>N/A</td><td>N/A</td></tr><tr><td colspan="7">Assumptions used to determine net benefit costs (years ended):</td></tr><tr><td>Discount rate</td><td>4.15%</td><td>3.75%</td><td>4.15%</td><td>3.75%</td><td>4.15%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Expected return on plan assets</td><td>6.50%</td><td>6.50%</td><td>N/A</td><td>N/A</td><td>N/A</td><td>N/A</td></tr><tr><td>Rate of compensation increase</td><td>4.00%</td><td>4.00%</td><td>4.00%</td><td>4.00%</td><td>N/A</td><td>N/A</td></tr></table>

We select a discount rate by reference to yields available on the FTSE High Grade Credit Index at our consolidated balance sheet date. The expected return on plan assets is primarily based on historical rates of return.

The components of net periodic benefit (income) cost are as follows:

<table><tr><td rowspan="3"></td><td colspan="2">Pension</td><td colspan="2">SERP</td><td colspan="2">Postretirement Medical</td></tr><tr><td colspan="6">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td><td>2019</td><td>2018</td><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td colspan="7">Net periodic benefit (income) cost for the year:</td></tr><tr><td>Service cost</td><td>$ 189,000</td><td>$ 216,000</td><td>$ 32,000</td><td>$ 39,000</td><td>$ —</td><td>$ —</td></tr><tr><td>Interest cost</td><td>372,000</td><td>355,000</td><td>78,000</td><td>76,000</td><td>99,000</td><td>76,000</td></tr><tr><td>Expected return on plan assets</td><td>(648,000)</td><td>(591,000)</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Amortization of prior service cost (credit)</td><td>6,000</td><td>6,000</td><td>(6,000)</td><td>(6,000)</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Amortization of net actuarial loss</td><td>2,000</td><td>99,000</td><td>—</td><td>14,000</td><td>53,000</td><td>11,000</td></tr><tr><td>Net periodic benefit (income) cost</td><td>$ (79,000)</td><td>$ 85,000</td><td>$ 104,000</td><td>$ 123,000</td><td>$ 152,000</td><td>$ 87,000</td></tr></table>



The amounts that are estimated to be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive loss into net periodic benefit (income) cost in the next fiscal year are as follows:

<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="2">Pension</td><td colspan="2">SERP</td><td>Postretirement Medical</td></tr><tr><td>Prior service cost (credit)</td><td>$     5,000</td><td>$     5,000</td><td>$     5,000</td><td>$     5,000</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Net actuarial loss</td><td colspan="2">139,000</td><td colspan="2">19,000</td><td>81,000</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>$     144,000</td><td>$     144,000</td><td>$     144,000</td><td>$     144,000</td><td>81,000</td></tr></table>

The accumulated benefit obligation differs from the projected benefit obligation in that it assumes future compensation levels will remain unchanged. The accumulated benefit obligation for the pension plan was $9,600,000 and $8,122,000 at September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The accumulated benefit obligation for the SERP was $2,032,000 and $1,699,000 at September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

The benefits expected to be paid under the retirement plans as of September 30, 2019 are as follows:

<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="2">Pension</td><td colspan="2">SERP</td><td>Postretirement Medical</td></tr><tr><td>Expected Benefit Payments:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fiscal year ending September 30, 2020</td><td>$     369,000</td><td>$     2,000</td><td>$     10,000</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fiscal year ending September 30, 2021</td><td>$     378,000</td><td>$     66,000</td><td>$     37,000</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fiscal year ending September 30, 2022</td><td>$     372,000</td><td>$     66,000</td><td>$     32,000</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fiscal year ending September 30, 2023</td><td>$     443,000</td><td>$     98,000</td><td>$     34,000</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fiscal year ending September 30, 2024</td><td>$     513,000</td><td>$     130,000</td><td>$     52,000</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fiscal years ending September 30, 2025 through 2029</td><td>$     2,675,000</td><td>$     683,000</td><td>$     378,000</td><td></td><td></td></tr></table>

The following table provides the assumed health care cost trend rates related to the measurement of Barnwell’s postretirement medical obligations.

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Health care cost trend rates assumed for next year</td><td>7.00%</td><td>7.25%</td></tr><tr><td>Ultimate cost trend rate</td><td>5.00%</td><td>5.00%</td></tr><tr><td>Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate</td><td>2028</td><td>2028</td></tr></table>

A 7.25% annual rate of increase in the per capita cost of covered health care benefits was assumed for fiscal 2019. This assumption is based on the plans' recent experience. It is assumed that the rate will decrease gradually to 5% for fiscal 2028 and remain level thereafter. The assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported for the postretirement medical obligations. A one-percentage-point change in the assumed health care cost trend rates would have the following effects:

<table><tr><td></td><td>1-Percentage Point Increase</td><td>1-Percentage Point (Decrease)</td></tr><tr><td>Effect on total service and interest cost components</td><td>$     22,000</td><td>$      (18,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Effect on accumulated postretirement benefit obligations</td><td>$     586,000</td><td>$      (458,000)</td></tr></table>



Management communicates periodically with its professional investment advisors to establish investment policies, direct investments and select investment options. The overall investment objective of the Pension Plan is to attain a diversified combination of investments that provides long-term growth in the assets of the plan to fund future benefit obligations while managing risk in order to meet current benefit obligations. Generally, interest and dividends received provide cash flows to fund current benefit obligations. Longer-term obligations are generally estimated to be provided for by growth in equity securities. The Company’s investment policy permits investments in a diversified mix of U.S. and international equities, fixed income securities and cash equivalents.

Barnwell’s investments in fixed income securities include corporate bonds, preferred securities, and fixed income exchange-traded funds. The Company’s investments in equity securities primarily include domestic and international large-cap companies, as well as, domestic and international equity securities exchange-traded funds. Plan assets include $1,000 of Barnwell’s stock at September 30, 2019.

The Company’s year-end target allocation, by asset category, and the actual asset allocations were as follows:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2">Asset Category</td><td rowspan="2">Target Allocation</td><td colspan="2">September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Cash and other</td><td>0% - 25%</td><td>—%</td><td>2%</td></tr><tr><td>Fixed income securities</td><td>15% - 40%</td><td>38%</td><td>24%</td></tr><tr><td>Equity securities</td><td>45% - 75%</td><td>62%</td><td>74%</td></tr></table>

Actual investment allocations may vary from our target allocations from time to time due to prevailing market conditions. We periodically review our actual investment allocations and rebalance our investments to our target allocations as dictated by current and anticipated market conditions and required cash flows.

We categorize plan assets into three levels based upon the assumptions used to price the assets. Level 1 provides the most reliable measure of fair value, whereas Level 3 requires significant management judgment in determining the fair value. Equity securities and exchange-traded funds are valued by obtaining quoted prices on recognized and highly liquid exchanges. Fixed income securities are valued based upon the closing price reported in the active market in which the security is traded. All of our plan assets are categorized as Level 1 assets, and as such, the actual market value is used to determine the fair value of assets.



The following tables set forth by level, within the fair value hierarchy, pension plan assets at their fair value:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="4">Fair Value Measurements Using:</td></tr><tr><td>Carrying Amount as of September 30, 2019</td><td>Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)</td><td>Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)</td><td>Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</td></tr><tr><td>Financial Assets:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cash</td><td>$ 4,000</td><td>$ 4,000</td><td>$ —</td><td>$ —</td></tr><tr><td>Corporate bonds</td><td>1,000</td><td>1,000</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Fixed income exchange-traded funds</td><td>3,859,000</td><td>3,859,000</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Equity securities exchange-traded funds</td><td>547,000</td><td>547,000</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Equities</td><td>5,781,000</td><td>5,781,000</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>$ 10,192,000</td><td>$ 10,192,000</td><td>$ —</td><td>$ —</td></tr></table>

<table><tr><td></td><td>Carrying Amount as of September 30, 2018</td><td>Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)</td><td>Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)</td><td>Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</td></tr><tr><td>Financial Assets:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cash</td><td>$ 221,000</td><td>$ 221,000</td><td>$ —</td><td>$ —</td></tr><tr><td>Certificates of deposit</td><td>230,000</td><td>230,000</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Corporate bonds</td><td>3,000</td><td>3,000</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Fixed income exchange-traded funds</td><td>2,135,000</td><td>2,135,000</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Equity securities exchange-traded funds</td><td>567,000</td><td>567,000</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Equities</td><td>6,856,000</td><td>6,856,000</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>$ 10,012,000</td><td>$ 10,012,000</td><td>$ —</td><td>$ —</td></tr></table>

## 8. INCOME TAXES

The components of loss before income taxes, after adjusting the loss for non-controlling interests, are as follows:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>United States</td><td>$ (3,039,000)</td><td>$ (2,449,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>(9,606,000)</td><td>78,000</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>$ (12,645,000)</td><td>$ (2,371,000)</td></tr></table>



The components of the income tax benefit related to the above loss are as follows:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Current (benefit) provision:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>United States - Federal</td><td>$ (31,000)</td><td>$ (429,000)</td></tr><tr><td>United States - State</td><td>(52,000)</td><td>7,000</td></tr><tr><td>Canadian</td><td>(4,000)</td><td>(560,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Total current</td><td>(87,000)</td><td>(982,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred (benefit) provision:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>United States - State</td><td>(24,000)</td><td>(44,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Canadian</td><td>(120,000)</td><td>425,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total deferred</td><td>(144,000)</td><td>381,000</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>$ (231,000)</td><td>$ (601,000)</td></tr></table>

On June 28, 2019, the Canadian province of Alberta enacted legislation that decreased the provincial general corporate tax rate from 12% to 11% effective July 1, 2019, with further 1% rate reductions on January 1 of every year until the provincial general corporate tax rate is 8% on January 1, 2022, bringing Barnwell of Canada’s and Octavian Oil’s total Canadian statutory tax rates from 30.65% and 27.00%, respectively, to 29.70% and 26.00%, respectively, effective July 1, 2019 and to 26.85% and 23.00%, respectively, effective January 1, 2022. There was no financial statement impact of this rate reduction as changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities were fully offset by a corresponding change in the related valuation allowance.

Consolidated taxes do not bear a customary relationship to pretax results due primarily to the fact that the Company is taxed separately in Canada based on Canadian source operations and in the U.S. based on consolidated operations, and essentially all deferred tax assets, net of relevant offsetting deferred tax liabilities and any amounts estimated to be realizable through tax carryback strategies, are not estimated to have a future benefit as tax credits or deductions. Income from our non-controlling interest in the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships is treated as non-unitary for state of Hawaii unitary filing purposes, thus unitary Hawaii losses provide limited sheltering of such non-unitary income. In addition, the U.S. federal current tax benefit for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 includes a $31,000 and a $429,000, respectively, benefit from the impacts of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (“TCJA”), as discussed further below.

The repeal of the corporate Alternative Minimum Tax (“AMT”) by the TCJA provides a mechanism for the refund over time of any unused AMT credit carryovers. Prior to the enactment of the TCJA, it was not more likely than not that the Company’s AMT credit carryovers would provide a future benefit, as such the AMT deferred tax asset had a full valuation allowance. As a result of the TCJA provision for refundability of the AMT, the Company recorded a current income tax benefit of $429,000, net of a 6.6% sequestration provision, in the year ended September 30, 2018 to reflect the undiscounted unused AMT credit carryover balance as a non-current income tax receivable. In January 2019, the IRS clarified that sequestration would not apply to the refundable corporate AMT credit for tax years that begin after December 31, 2017. As such, the previously provided $31,000 reduction in the refundable AMT credit carryover receivable was reversed in the year ended September 30, 2019. Additionally, as 50% of the total AMT credit carryover is refundable for the tax year ended September 30, 2019, and therefore receivable upon the filing of the Company’s U.S. federal income tax return for the current year, the Company reclassified $230,000 of the non-current income tax receivable to current income tax receivable. Respective portions of the remaining balance will be reclassified to current income taxes receivable when amounts are eligible for refund within one year of the balance sheet date.



The TCJA restricts the deduction for post-TCJA net operating losses to 80% of taxable income and eliminates the current net operating loss carryback provisions. As such, utilization of 20% of the Company’s U.S. federal net operating loss generated in the current fiscal year is disallowed and will be carried forward indefinitely

A reconciliation between the reported income tax benefit and the amount computed by multiplying the loss attributable to Barnwell before income taxes by the U.S. federal tax rate of 21% is as follows:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Tax benefit computed by applying statutory rate</td><td>$ (2,655,000)</td><td>$ (498,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Impact of TCJA limitation on post-TCJA net operating loss carryforwards</td><td>260,000</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Impact of TCJA tax rate change on net deferred tax assets</td><td>—</td><td>5,817,000</td></tr><tr><td>Increase (decrease) in the valuation allowance</td><td>3,003,000</td><td>(6,044,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Impact of TCJA on alternative minimum tax credit carryovers</td><td>(31,000)</td><td>(429,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Additional effect of the foreign tax provision on the total tax provision</td><td>(736,000)</td><td>592,000</td></tr><tr><td>U.S. state tax provision, net of federal benefit</td><td>(76,000)</td><td>(36,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td>4,000</td><td>(3,000)</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>$ (231,000)</td><td>$ (601,000)</td></tr></table>

The changes in the valuation allowance shown in the table above exclude the impact of changes in state taxes and refundable alternative minimum tax credit carryovers, the valuation allowance impacts of which are incorporated within the respective reconciliation line items elsewhere in the table.



The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are as follows:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred income tax assets:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Foreign tax credit carryover under U.S. tax law</td><td>$ 2,421,000</td><td>$ 2,455,000</td></tr><tr><td>U.S. federal net operating loss carryover</td><td>8,366,000</td><td>7,208,000</td></tr><tr><td>U.S. state unitary net operating loss carryovers</td><td>873,000</td><td>639,000</td></tr><tr><td>Canadian net operating loss carryover</td><td>850,000</td><td>314,000</td></tr><tr><td>Tax basis of investment in land in excess of book basis under U.S. tax law</td><td>296,000</td><td>296,000</td></tr><tr><td>Property and equipment accumulated book depreciation and depletion in excess of tax under Canadian tax law</td><td>308,000</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Property and equipment accumulated book depreciation and depletion in excess of tax under U.S. tax law</td><td>945,000</td><td>1,183,000</td></tr><tr><td>Liabilities accrued for books but not for tax under U.S. tax law</td><td>2,250,000</td><td>1,901,000</td></tr><tr><td>Liabilities accrued for books but not for tax under Canadian tax law</td><td>1,641,000</td><td>2,097,000</td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td>294,000</td><td>277,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total gross deferred income tax assets</td><td>18,244,000</td><td>16,370,000</td></tr><tr><td>Less valuation allowance</td><td>(17,687,000)</td><td>(14,039,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Net deferred income tax assets</td><td>557,000</td><td>2,331,000</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred income tax liabilities:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Property and equipment accumulated tax depreciation and depletion in excess of book under Canadian tax law</td><td>—</td><td>(1,828,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Book basis of investment in land development partnerships in excess of tax basis under U.S. tax law</td><td>(557,000)</td><td>(627,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Book basis of investment in land development partnerships in excess of tax basis under U.S. state non-unitary tax law</td><td>(168,000)</td><td>(191,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Total deferred income tax liabilities</td><td>(725,000)</td><td>(2,646,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Net deferred income tax liability</td><td>$ (168,000)</td><td>$ (315,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Reported as:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Deferred income tax assets</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred income tax liabilities</td><td>(168,000)</td><td>(315,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Net deferred income tax liability</td><td>$ (168,000)</td><td>$ (315,000)</td></tr></table>

The total valuation allowance increased $3,648,000 for the year ended September 30, 2019. The increase was primarily due to a $2,113,000 increase in the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets under Canadian law related to Canadian jurisdiction net operating loss carryforwards and future asset retirement obligation deductions that may not be realizable and a $902,000 increase in the U.S. federal tax law valuation allowance related to U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards resulting from the pre-tax book loss. Of the total net increase in the valuation allowance for fiscal 2019, $3,225,000 was recognized as an income tax expense and $423,000 was charged to accumulated other comprehensive loss.

Net deferred tax assets at September 30, 2019 of $557,000 consists of the portion of U.S. federal consolidated deferred tax assets that are estimated to be partially realized through corresponding reversals



of U.S. federal consolidated deferred tax liabilities related to the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnership excess of book income over taxable income.

At September 30, 2019, Barnwell had U.S. federal foreign tax credit carryovers, U.S. federal net operating loss carryovers, U.S. state unitary net operating loss carryovers and Canadian net operating loss carryovers totaling $2,421,000, $41,078,000, $13,644,000 and $3,485,000, respectively. All four items were fully offset by valuation allowances at September 30, 2019. The U.S. federal net operating loss carryovers generated through September 30, 2017 expire in fiscal years 2032-2037, the U.S. state unitary net operating loss carryovers expire in fiscal years 2033-2039, the Canadian net operating loss carryovers expire in fiscal years 2037-2039, and the foreign tax credit carryovers expire in fiscal years 2021-2025. The U.S. federal net operating loss carryovers generated in the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 have no expiry, however as discussed previously, 20% of net operating losses generated in fiscal 2019 and future years are nondeductible and will be carried forward indefinitely under the changes made by the TCJA.

FASB ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes, prescribes a threshold for recognizing the financial statement effects of a tax position when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, that the position will be sustained upon examination by a taxing authority. The Company has no uncertain tax positions as of September 30, 2019 or 2018.

Included below is a summary of the tax years, by jurisdiction, that remain subject to examination by taxing authorities at September 30, 2019:

<table><tr><td>Jurisdiction</td><td>Fiscal Years Open</td></tr><tr><td>U.S. federal</td><td>2016 - 2018</td></tr><tr><td>Various U.S. states</td><td>2016 - 2018</td></tr><tr><td>Canada federal</td><td>2012 - 2018</td></tr><tr><td>Various Canadian provinces</td><td>2012 - 2018</td></tr></table>



## 9. REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

## Adoption

On October 1, 2018, the Company adopted Topic 606 using the modified retrospective method applied to all contracts. Results for operating periods beginning October 1, 2018 are presented under Topic 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for the prior period. Changes in other current assets and other current liabilities are primarily due to Topic 606's required treatment for the contract drilling segment's uninstalled materials and the related impact on billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings, which is now referred to as contract liabilities. Additionally, the Company recorded a net increase to beginning retained earnings of $20,000 as of October 1, 2018 due to the cumulative impact of adopting Topic 606, as detailed below. The increase to beginning retained earnings was due entirely to the impact of adoption of Topic 606 on the contract drilling business segment.

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="4">October 1, 2018</td></tr><tr><td>Pre-606 Balances</td><td>606 Adjustments</td><td>Adjusted Balances</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ASSETS</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Current assets:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Accounts and other receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts</td><td>$ 1,965,000</td><td>$ (308,000)</td><td>$ 1,657,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Other current assets</td><td>950,000</td><td>687,000</td><td>1,637,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>LIABILITIES AND EQUITY</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Current liabilities:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Other current liabilities</td><td>54,000</td><td>359,000</td><td>413,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Equity:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Retained earnings</td><td>13,253,000</td><td>20,000</td><td>13,273,000</td><td></td></tr></table>



The following tables summarize the impact of adopting Topic 606 on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations and Consolidated Balance Sheets:

Year ended September 30, 2019

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="4">Impact of changes in accounting policies</td></tr><tr><td>As Reported</td><td>Balances without adoption of Topic 606</td><td>Effect of change increase (decrease)</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Revenues:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Contract drilling</td><td>$ 5,349,000</td><td>$ 4,711,000</td><td>$ 638,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Costs and expenses:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Contract drilling operating</td><td>4,973,000</td><td>4,500,000</td><td>473,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Loss before equity in loss of affiliates and income taxes</td><td>(12,372,000)</td><td>(12,537,000)</td><td>165,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Loss before income taxes</td><td>(12,648,000)</td><td>(12,813,000)</td><td>165,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Net loss</td><td>(12,417,000)</td><td>(12,582,000)</td><td>165,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Less: Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests</td><td>(3,000)</td><td>(3,000)</td><td>—</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Net loss attributable to Barnwell Industries, Inc. stockholders</td><td>$ (12,414,000)</td><td>$ (12,579,000)</td><td>$ 165,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Basic and diluted net loss per common share attributable to Barnwell Industries, Inc. stockholders</td><td>$ (1.50)</td><td>$ (1.52)</td><td>$ 0.02</td><td></td></tr></table>

September 30, 2019

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="3">Impact of changes in accounting policies</td></tr><tr><td>As Reported</td><td>Balances without adoption of Topic 606</td><td>Effect of change increase (decrease)</td></tr><tr><td>ASSETS</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Current assets:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Accounts and other receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts</td><td>$ 1,884,000</td><td>$ 2,412,000</td><td>$ (528,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Other current assets</td><td>1,821,000</td><td>954,000</td><td>867,000</td></tr><tr><td>LIABILITIES AND EQUITY</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Current liabilities:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Other current liabilities</td><td>1,644,000</td><td>1,490,000</td><td>154,000</td></tr><tr><td>Equity:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Retained earnings</td><td>859,000</td><td>674,000</td><td>185,000</td></tr></table>

The impact in revenue recognition due to the adoption of Topic 606 is primarily from the timing of revenue recognition for uninstalled materials. Refer to Note 1 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for a summary of the Company’s significant policies for revenue recognition. There were no impacts to the oil and natural gas or land investment segments.



The following table provides information about disaggregated revenue by revenue streams, reportable segments, geographical region, and timing of revenue recognition for the year ended September 30, 2019.

<table><tr><td></td><td>Oil and natural gas</td><td>Contract drilling</td><td>Land investment</td><td>Other</td><td>Total</td></tr><tr><td>Revenue streams:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Oil</td><td>$ 5,146,000</td><td>$ —</td><td>$ —</td><td>$ —</td><td>$ 5,146,000</td></tr><tr><td>Natural gas</td><td>795,000</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>795,000</td></tr><tr><td>Natural gas liquids</td><td>465,000</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>465,000</td></tr><tr><td>Drilling and pump</td><td>—</td><td>5,349,000</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>5,349,000</td></tr><tr><td>Contingent residual payments</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>165,000</td><td>—</td><td>165,000</td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>93,000</td><td>93,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total revenues before interest income</td><td>$ 6,406,000</td><td>$ 5,349,000</td><td>$ 165,000</td><td>$ 93,000</td><td>$12,013,000</td></tr><tr><td>Geographical regions:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>United States</td><td>$ —</td><td>$ 5,349,000</td><td>$ 165,000</td><td>$ 1,000</td><td>$ 5,515,000</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>6,406,000</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>92,000</td><td>6,498,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total revenues before interest income</td><td>$ 6,406,000</td><td>$ 5,349,000</td><td>$ 165,000</td><td>$ 93,000</td><td>$12,013,000</td></tr><tr><td>Timing of revenue recognition:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Goods transferred at a point in time</td><td>$ 6,406,000</td><td>$ —</td><td>$ 165,000</td><td>$ 93,000</td><td>$ 6,664,000</td></tr><tr><td>Services transferred over time</td><td>—</td><td>5,349,000</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>5,349,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total revenues before interest income</td><td>$ 6,406,000</td><td>$ 5,349,000</td><td>$ 165,000</td><td>$ 93,000</td><td>$12,013,000</td></tr></table>

## Contract Balances

The following table provides information about accounts receivables, contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers:

<table><tr><td></td><td>September 30, 2019</td><td>October 1, 2018</td></tr><tr><td>Accounts receivables from contracts with customers</td><td>$ 1,322,000</td><td>$ 1,245,000</td></tr><tr><td>Contract assets</td><td>344,000</td><td>267,000</td></tr><tr><td>Contract liabilities</td><td>1,633,000</td><td>400,000</td></tr></table>

Accounts receivables from contracts with customers are included in “Accounts and other receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts,” and contract assets, which includes costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings and retainage, are included in “Other current assets.” Contract liabilities, which includes billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings are included in “Other current liabilities” in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Retainage, included in contract assets, represents amounts due from customers, but where payments are withheld contractually until certain construction milestones are met. Amounts retained typically range from 5% to 10% of the total invoice, up to contractually-specified maximums. The Company classifies as a current asset those retainages that are expected to be collected in the next twelve months.

Contract assets represent the Company’s rights to consideration in exchange for services transferred to a customer that have not been billed as of the reporting date. The Company’s rights are generally unconditional at the time its performance obligations are satisfied.



When the Company receives consideration, or such consideration is unconditionally due, from a customer prior to transferring goods or services to the customer under the terms of a sales contract, the Company records deferred revenue, which represents a contract liability. Such deferred revenue typically results from billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts. As of September 30, 2019, the Company had $1,633,000 included in “Other current liabilities” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets for those performance obligations expected to be completed in the next twelve months.

The change in contract assets and liabilities was due primarily to normal business operations. For the year ended September 30, 2019, the Company recognized revenue of $31,000 that was previously included in the beginning balance of contract liabilities. Of the increase in contract liabilities, $1,116,000 represents an advanced partial payment received from a contract drilling segment customer that was used by the Company to fund the acquisition of a new drilling rig and ancillary equipment for use on the subject contract. The new drilling rig and ancillary equipment are owned by the Company and will be freely available for use on other future jobs with other customers after completion of the subject contract.

Contracts are sometimes modified for a change in scope or other requirements. The Company considers contract modifications to exist when the modification either creates new or changes the existing enforceable rights and obligations. Most of the Company’s contract modifications are for goods and services that are not distinct from the existing performance obligations. The effect of a contract modification on the transaction price, and the measure of progress for the performance obligation to which it relates, is recognized as an adjustment to revenue (either as an increase or decrease) on a cumulative catchup basis.

The Company elected to utilize the modified retrospective transition practical expedient which allows the Company to evaluate the impact of contract modifications as of the adoption date rather than evaluating the impact of the modifications at the time they occurred prior to the adoption date. Given the nature of our typical contract modifications, which are generally limited to contract price change orders and extensions of time, the effect of the use of this practical expedient is not estimated to be significant.

## Performance Obligations

A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer, and is the unit of account in Topic 606. Performance obligations are satisfied as of a point in time or over time and are supported by contracts with customers.

The Company's contract drilling segment recognizes revenues over time. For most of the Company’s well drilling and pump installation and repair contracts, there are multiple promises of good or services. Typically, the Company provides a significant service of integrating a complex set of tasks and components such as site preparation, well drilling/pump installation, and testing for a project contract. The bundle of goods and services are provided to deliver one output for which the customer has contracted. In these cases, the Company considers the bundle of goods and services to be a single performance obligation. If the contract is separated into more than one performance obligation, the Company allocates the total transaction price to each performance obligation in an amount based on the estimated relative standalone selling prices of the promised goods or services underlying each performance obligation.

For the oil and natural gas segment, revenues are recognized at a point in time and the performance obligation is considered satisfied when oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids are delivered and control has passed to the customer. This is generally at the time the customer obtains legal title to the product and when it is physically transferred to the contractual delivery point. For the land investment segment, which recognizes revenues at a point in time, the performance obligation is considered satisfied when the contingent residual



payment revenue recognition criteria has been met and we release any previously retained right to such contingent residual payment.

There are no significant or unusual payment terms related to Barnwell’s oil and natural gas or land investment segments. For Barnwell’s contract drilling segment, customer contracts determine payment terms which typically allow for progress payments and 5% to 10% retainage. For the contract drilling contracts, Barnwell typically serves as the principal and records related revenue and expenses on a gross basis. In the unusual circumstances where Barnwell acts as an agent, the related revenues and expenses are recognized on a net basis. Barnwell does not typically provide extended warranties on well drilling or pump contracts beyond the normal assurance-type warranties that the product complies with agreed upon specifications.

For oil and natural gas contracts, Barnwell evaluates its arrangements with third parties and partners to determine if the Company acts as the principal or as an agent. In making this evaluation, management considers if Barnwell retains control of the product being delivered to the end customer. As part of this assessment, management considers whether the Company retains the economic benefits associated with the good being delivered to the end customer. Management also considers whether the Company has the primary responsibility for the delivery of the product, the ability to establish prices or the inventory risk. If Barnwell acts in the capacity of an agent rather than as a principal in a transaction, then the revenue is recognized on a net basis, only reflecting the fee, if any, realized by the Company from the transaction.

Backlog - The Company’s remaining performance obligations for drilling and pump installation contracts (hereafter referred to as “backlog”) represent the unrecognized revenue value of the Company’s contract commitments. The Company’s backlog may vary significantly each reporting period based on the timing of major new contract commitments. In addition, our customers have the right, under some infrequent circumstances, to terminate contracts or defer the timing of the Company’s services and their payments to us. At September 30, 2019, nearly all of the Company’s contract drilling segment contracts, for which revenues are recognized over time on a percentage-of-completion basis, have original expected durations of one year or less. For such contracts, the Company has elected the optional exemption from disclosure of remaining performance obligations allowed under ASC 606-10-50-14. The Company has three contract drilling jobs with original expected durations of greater than one year. For these contracts, approximately 79% of the remaining performance obligation of $2,866,000 is expected to be recognized in the next twelve months and the remaining, thereafter.

## Contract Fulfillment Costs

In connection with the adoption of Topic 606, the Company is required to account for certain fulfillment costs over the life of the contract, consisting primarily of preconstruction costs such as set-up and mobilization costs. Preconstruction costs are capitalized and allocated across all performance obligations and deferred and amortized over the contract term on a progress towards completion basis.

As of September 30, 2019, the Company had $296,000 in unamortized preconstruction costs related to contracts that were not completed. During the year ended September 30, 2019, the amortization of preconstruction costs related to contracts was $204,000. These amounts have been included in “Contract drilling operating” costs and expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. Additionally, no impairment charges in connection with the Company’s preconstruction costs were recorded during the year ended September 30, 2019.



Uninstalled materials, which typically consists of well casing or pumps, are excluded in the costs-to-costs calculation for the duration of the contract as including these costs would result in a distortion of progress towards satisfaction of the performance obligation due to the resulting cumulative catch-up in margin in a single period. An equal amount of cost and revenue is recorded when uninstalled materials are controlled by the customer, which is typically when Barnwell has the right to payment for the materials and when the materials are delivered to the customer’s site or location and such materials have been accepted by the customer. Uninstalled materials are held in inventory and included in “Other current assets” on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

A summary of Barnwell's uninstalled materials is as follows:

<table><tr><td></td><td>September 30, 2019</td><td>October 1, 2018</td><td>September 30, 2018</td></tr><tr><td>Uninstalled materials</td><td>729,000</td><td>766,000</td><td>— *</td></tr></table>

* Balance under ASC 605 "Revenue Recognition".



## 10. SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

Barnwell operates the following segments: 1) acquiring, developing, producing and selling oil and natural gas in Canada (oil and natural gas); 2) investing in land interests in Hawaii (land investment); and 3) drilling wells and installing and repairing water pumping systems in Hawaii (contract drilling).

The following table presents certain financial information related to Barnwell’s reporting segments. All revenues reported are from external customers with no intersegment sales or transfers.

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="3">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Revenues:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Oil and natural gas</td><td>$ 6,406,000</td><td>$ 3,706,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Contract drilling</td><td>5,349,000</td><td>3,769,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Land investment</td><td>165,000</td><td>1,645,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td>93,000</td><td>86,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Total before interest income</td><td>12,013,000</td><td>9,206,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Interest income</td><td>62,000</td><td>162,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Total revenues</td><td>$ 12,075,000</td><td>$ 9,368,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Depletion, depreciation, and amortization:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Oil and natural gas</td><td>$ 2,680,000</td><td>$ 826,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Contract drilling</td><td>287,000</td><td>223,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td>55,000</td><td>62,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Total depletion, depreciation, and amortization</td><td>$ 3,022,000</td><td>$ 1,111,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Impairment:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Oil and natural gas</td><td>$ 5,710,000</td><td>$ —</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Land investment</td><td>—</td><td>37,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td>—</td><td>165,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Total impairment</td><td>$ 5,710,000</td><td>$ 202,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Operating (loss) profit (before general and administrative expenses):</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Oil and natural gas</td><td>$ (7,197,000)</td><td>$ 247,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Contract drilling</td><td>89,000</td><td>(104,000)</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Land investment</td><td>165,000</td><td>1,608,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td>38,000</td><td>(141,000)</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Gain on sales of assets</td><td>—</td><td>2,255,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Total operating (loss) profit</td><td>(6,905,000)</td><td>3,865,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Equity in (loss) income of affiliates:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Land investment</td><td>(276,000)</td><td>223,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>General and administrative expenses</td><td>(5,524,000)</td><td>(6,262,000)</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Interest expense</td><td>(5,000)</td><td>(7,000)</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Interest income</td><td>62,000</td><td>162,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Loss before income taxes</td><td>$ (12,648,000)</td><td>$ (2,019,000)</td><td></td></tr></table>



## Capital Expenditures:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Oil and natural gas</td><td>$ 46,000</td><td>$ 13,428,000</td></tr><tr><td>Contract drilling</td><td>1,262,000</td><td>60,000</td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td>1,000</td><td>54,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>$ 1,309,000</td><td>$ 13,542,000</td></tr></table>

Oil and natural gas capital expenditures include acquisitions as well as changes to capitalized asset retirement obligations, including revisions of asset retirement obligations (see Note 6 for additional details).

Assets By Segment:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Oil and natural gas (1)</td><td>$ 7,415,000</td><td>$ 18,785,000</td></tr><tr><td>Contract drilling (2)</td><td>3,793,000</td><td>1,804,000</td></tr><tr><td>Land investment (2)</td><td>980,000</td><td>1,608,000</td></tr><tr><td>Other:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cash and cash equivalents</td><td>4,613,000</td><td>5,965,000</td></tr><tr><td>Certificates of deposit</td><td>—</td><td>741,000</td></tr><tr><td>Corporate and other</td><td>1,501,000</td><td>2,475,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>$ 18,302,000</td><td>$ 31,378,000</td></tr></table>

(1) Primarily located in the province of Alberta, Canada.

(2) Located in Hawaii.

Long-Lived Assets By Geographic Area:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>United States</td><td>$ 3,366,000</td><td>$ 4,119,000</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>6,232,000</td><td>15,177,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>$ 9,598,000</td><td>$ 19,296,000</td></tr></table>

Revenue By Geographic Area:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>United States</td><td>$ 5,515,000</td><td>$ 5,418,000</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>6,498,000</td><td>3,788,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total (excluding interest income)</td><td>$ 12,013,000</td><td>$ 9,206,000</td></tr></table>



## 11. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

Components of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes, are as follows:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Foreign currency translation:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Beginning accumulated foreign currency translation</td><td>$ 925,000</td><td>$ 1,053,000</td></tr><tr><td>Net current period other comprehensive loss</td><td>(234,000)</td><td>(128,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Ending accumulated foreign currency translation</td><td>691,000</td><td>925,000</td></tr><tr><td>Retirement plans:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Beginning accumulated retirement plans benefit cost</td><td>(1,439,000)</td><td>(2,111,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Amortization of net actuarial loss and prior service cost</td><td>55,000</td><td>124,000</td></tr><tr><td>Net actuarial (loss) gain arising during the period</td><td>(2,224,000)</td><td>548,000</td></tr><tr><td>Net current period other comprehensive (loss) income</td><td>(2,169,000)</td><td>672,000</td></tr><tr><td>Ending accumulated retirement plans benefit cost</td><td>(3,608,000)</td><td>(1,439,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes</td><td>$ (2,917,000)</td><td>$ (514,000)</td></tr></table>

The amortization of accumulated other comprehensive loss components for the retirement plans are included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost which is a component of “General and administrative” expenses on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations (see Note 7 for additional details).

## 12. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

## Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, certificates of deposit, accounts and other receivables, accounts payable and accrued current liabilities approximate their fair values due to the short-term nature of the instruments.

## Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

The estimated fair values of oil and natural gas properties and the asset retirement obligation assumed in the acquisitions of additional oil and natural gas working interests are based on an estimated discounted cash flow model and market assumptions. The significant Level 3 assumptions used in the calculation of estimated discounted cash flows included future commodity prices, projections of estimated quantities of oil and natural gas reserves, expectations for timing and amount of future development, operating and asset retirement costs, projections of future rates of production, expected recovery rates and risk adjusted discount rates. See Note 5 for additional information regarding oil and natural gas property acquisitions.

Barnwell estimates the fair value of asset retirement obligations based on the projected discounted future cash outflows required to settle abandonment and restoration liabilities. Such an estimate requires assumptions and judgments regarding the existence of liabilities, the amount and timing of cash outflows required to settle the liability, what constitutes adequate restoration, inflation factors, credit adjusted discount rates, and consideration of changes in legal, regulatory, environmental and political environments. Abandonment and restoration cost estimates are determined in conjunction with Barnwell’s reserve engineers based on historical information regarding costs incurred to abandon and restore similar well sites, information regarding current market conditions and costs, and knowledge of subject well sites and properties. Asset



retirement obligation fair value measurements in the current period were Level 3 fair value measurements. As further described in Note 6, the Company recognizes the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation in the period in which it is incurred if a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. Asset retirement obligations are not measured at fair value subsequent to initial recognition.

## 13. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

## Lease Commitments

Barnwell has several non-cancelable operating leases for office space, contract drilling base yard space and leasehold land, and records rent on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Rental expense was $489,000 and $511,000 for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. At September 30, 2019 and 2018, the difference between the recognized rent expense and the amounts paid totaled $193,000 and $107,000, respectively, and was reported as a non-current liability within "Deferred rent" on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Barnwell is committed under these leases for minimum rental payments summarized by fiscal year as follows:

<table><tr><td colspan="3">Fiscal year ending</td></tr><tr><td>2020</td><td></td><td>$ 250,000</td></tr><tr><td>2021</td><td></td><td>250,000</td></tr><tr><td>2022</td><td></td><td>195,000</td></tr><tr><td>2023</td><td></td><td>186,000</td></tr><tr><td>2024</td><td></td><td>186,000</td></tr><tr><td>Thereafter through 2047</td><td></td><td>5,566,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td></td><td>$ 6,633,000</td></tr></table>

The lease payments for the Lot 4C leasehold land were subject to renegotiation as of January 1, 2006. Per the lease agreement, the lease payments will remain unchanged pending an appraisal, whereupon the lease rent could be adjusted to fair market value. Barnwell does not know the amount of the new lease payments which could be effective upon performance of the appraisal; they may remain unchanged or increase, and Barnwell currently expects the adjustment, if any, to not be material. The future rental payment disclosures above assume the minimum lease payments for leasehold land in effect at December 31, 2005 remain unchanged through December 2025, the end of the lease term.

## Environmental Matters

Because of the inherent uncertainties associated with environmental assessment and remediation activities, future expenses to remediate sites identified in the future, if any, could be incurred. Barnwell's management is not currently aware of any significant environmental contingent liabilities requiring disclosure or accrual.

## Legal and Regulatory Matters

Barnwell is routinely involved in disputes with third parties that occasionally require litigation. In addition, Barnwell is required to maintain compliance with all current governmental controls and regulations in the ordinary course of business. Barnwell’s management is not aware of any claims or litigation involving Barnwell that are likely to have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, financial position or liquidity.



During the year ended September 30, 2019, two of the water wells drilled by the contract drilling segment for one customer were determined to not meet the contract specifications for plumbness. Management believes the degrees of deviation for both wells are not impactful to the performance of the submersible pumps that will be installed in those wells. Accordingly, no contingent liability has been recorded at September 30, 2019 as the likelihood of any impact is not probable. However, per the contracts, both of which are with one customer, a failure to meet the contract plumbness specification allows the customer to demand the drilling of a new well at no cost to the customer as well as potential liquidated damages. If the customer makes such a demand, the potential exposure for both wells combined is estimated to range from $2,000,000 to $3,000,000. Negotiations with the customer are currently ongoing.

## Other Matters

Barnwell is obligated to pay Nearco Enterprises Ltd. 10.4%, net of non-controlling interests' share, of Kaupulehu Developments' gross receipts from real estate transactions. The fees represent compensation for promotion and marketing of Kaupulehu Developments' property and were determined based on the estimated fair value of such services. These fees are included in general and administrative expenses.

Barnwell is obligated to pay its external real estate legal counsel 1.2%, net of non-controlling interests' share, of all Increment II payments received by Kaupulehu Developments for services provided by its external real estate legal counsel in the negotiation and closing of the Increment II transaction. These fees are included in general and administrative expenses.

Effective March 2019, Barnwell is now also obligated to pay an amount equal to 0.72% and 0.20% of the cumulative net profits of KDI to KDevelopment, LLC and a pool of various individuals, respectively, all of whom are partners of KKM and are unrelated to Barnwell, in compensation for the agreement of these parties to admit the new development partner for Increment II. Such compensation will be reflected as the obligation becomes probable and the amount of the obligation can be reasonably estimated.



## 14. INFORMATION RELATING TO THE CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

The following table details the effect of changes in current assets and liabilities on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and presents supplemental cash flow information:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Increase (decrease) from changes in:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Receivables</td><td>$ (260,000)</td><td>$ (574,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Income tax receivable</td><td>758,000</td><td>(535,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Other current assets</td><td>(188,000)</td><td>(100,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Accounts payable</td><td>(202,000)</td><td>124,000</td></tr><tr><td>Accrued compensation</td><td>(317,000)</td><td>239,000</td></tr><tr><td>Other current liabilities</td><td>1,451,000</td><td>(508,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Increase (decrease) from changes in current assets and liabilities</td><td>$ 1,242,000</td><td>$ (1,354,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cash paid (received) during the year for:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Income taxes refunded, net</td><td>$ (2,302,000)</td><td>$ (16,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing activities:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Canadian income tax withholding on proceeds from the sale of oil and natural gas properties</td><td>$ —</td><td>$ 858,000</td></tr></table>

Capital expenditure accruals related to oil and natural gas acquisition and development increased $60,000 during the year ended September 30, 2019 and decreased $108,000 during the year ended September 30, 2018. Additionally, capital expenditure accruals related to oil and natural gas asset retirement obligations decreased $755,000 during the year ended September 30, 2019 and increased $2,538,000 during the year ended September 30, 2018.

## 15. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Kaupulehu Developments is entitled to receive payments from the sales of lots and/or residential units by KD I and KD II. Through March 6, 2019, Kaupulehu Developments was also entitled to receive 50% of distributions otherwise payable from KD II to its members up to $8,000,000, of which $3,500,000 was received. KD I and KD II are part of the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships in which Barnwell holds indirect 19.6% and 10.8% non-controlling ownership interests, respectively, accounted for under the equity method of investment. The percentage of sales payments and percentage of distribution payments are part of transactions which took place in 2004 and 2006 where Kaupulehu Developments sold its leasehold interests in Increment I and Increment II to KD I's and KD II's predecessors in interest, respectively, which was prior to Barnwell's affiliation with KD I and KD II which commenced on November 27, 2013, the acquisition date of our ownership interest in the Kukio Resort Land Development Partnerships. Changes to the arrangement above, effective March 7, 2019, are discussed in Note 4.

During the year ended September 30, 2019, Barnwell received $165,000 in percentage of sale payments from KD I from the sale of one lot within Increment I. During the year ended September 30, 2018, Barnwell received $1,645,000 in payments, of which $1,000,000 was related to the 50% of distributions otherwise payable from KD II to its members after the members of KD II received distributions equal to the



original basis of capital invested in the project. The remaining $645,000 in payments was due to percentage of sales payments from KD I from the sale of three lots within Phase II of Increment I.

Barnwell has a compensation-based gross overriding royalty arrangement with a Canadian corporation owned and controlled by Barnwell of Canada’s President and Chief Operating Officer. The overriding royalty is based on 1% of the gross revenues received by Barnwell of Canada from certain oil and natural gas wells drilled or working interests acquired as specified in the underlying agreements. As of September 30, 2019, no amount was accrued for under this arrangement. This amount may change in the future depending upon any future wells drilled or working interests acquired that are included in the arrangement.

On March 27, 2019, the Company made a $300,000 loan to Mr. Terry Johnston, an affiliate of the Company through his controlling interests in certain entities within our land investment segment partnerships, and the Company was given an unsecured promissory note in return. The maturity date of the note was July 31, 2019, whereupon all principal and interest outstanding was due. Interest accrued at 8% per annum on the unpaid principal amount. The promissory note receivable, including accrued interest, was paid in full on the maturity date.

## 16. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On October 10, 2019, Barnwell entered into a purchase and sale agreement with an independent third party and sold its interests in properties located in the Progress area of Alberta, Canada. The sales price per the agreement was adjusted for customary purchase price adjustments to $588,000 in order to, among other things, reflect an economic effective date of October 1, 2019. The final determination of the customary adjustments to the purchase price has not yet been made however it is not expected to result in a material adjustment. Net production from Progress was approximately 15,000 Boe, or approximately 6% of total net oil and natural gas production, for the year ended September 30, 2019. As of September 30, 2019, estimated net proved reserves volumes associated with this property was 114,000 Boe, or approximately 5% of the total reserve volumes at that date. The purchaser also assumed asset retirement obligations related to the properties sold. This transaction will be reflected in Barnwell’s first quarter of fiscal 2020 ending December 31, 2019.

On December 12, 2019, the Company's Board of Directors approved a resolution to freeze Barnwell's noncontributory defined benefit pension plan and Supplemental Employee Retirement Plan effective December 31, 2019. The accounting impact of this change will be reflected in Barnwell's first quarter of fiscal 2020 ending December 31, 2019.

## 17. SUMMARY OF SELECTED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)

Disclosure is not required as Barnwell qualifies as a smaller reporting company.



The following tables summarize information relative to Barnwell’s oil and natural gas operations, which are conducted in Canada. Proved reserves are the estimated quantities of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids which geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions. Proved producing oil and natural gas reserves are reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods. The estimated net interests in total proved and proved producing reserves are based upon subjective engineering judgments and may be affected by the limitations inherent in such estimations. The process of estimating reserves is subject to continual revision as additional information becomes available as a result of drilling, testing, reservoir studies and production history. There can be no assurance that such estimates will not be materially revised in subsequent periods.

## (A) Oil and Natural Gas Reserves

The following table summarizes changes in the estimates of Barnwell’s net interests in total proved reserves of oil and natural gas liquids and natural gas, which are all in Canada. All of the information regarding reserves in this Form 10-K is derived from the report of our independent petroleum reserve engineers, InSite, and is included as an Exhibit to this Form 10-K. The Company emphasizes that reserve estimates are inherently imprecise and that estimates of new discoveries and undeveloped locations are more imprecise than estimates of established proved producing oil and natural gas properties. Accordingly, these estimates are expected to change as future information becomes available.

Proved oil and natural gas reserves are the estimated quantities of oil and natural gas that geological and engineering data demonstrate, with reasonable certainty, to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under economic and operating conditions (i.e., prices and costs) existing at the time the estimate is made. Proved developed oil and natural gas reserves are proved reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells and equipment in place and under operating methods being utilized at the time the estimates were made.

<table><tr><td></td><td>OIL &amp; NGL (Bbls)</td><td>GAS (Mcf)</td><td>Total (Boe)</td></tr><tr><td>Proved reserves:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Balance at September 30, 2017</td><td>413,000</td><td>3,005,000</td><td>931,000</td></tr><tr><td>Revisions of previous estimates</td><td>(2,000)</td><td>(1,571,000)</td><td>(273,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Extensions, discoveries and other additions</td><td>46,000</td><td>144,000</td><td>71,000</td></tr><tr><td>Acquisitions of reserves</td><td>1,296,000</td><td>4,060,000</td><td>1,997,000</td></tr><tr><td>Less sales of reserves</td><td>(96,000)</td><td>(255,000)</td><td>(141,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Less production</td><td>(67,000)</td><td>(328,000)</td><td>(123,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Balance at September 30, 2018</td><td>1,590,000</td><td>5,055,000</td><td>2,462,000</td></tr><tr><td>Revisions of previous estimates</td><td>(74,000)</td><td>(21,000)</td><td>(78,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Extensions, discoveries and other additions</td><td>14,000</td><td>33,000</td><td>20,000</td></tr><tr><td>Acquisitions of reserves</td><td>30,000</td><td>81,000</td><td>44,000</td></tr><tr><td>Less production</td><td>(141,000)</td><td>(628,000)</td><td>(250,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Proved Reserves, September 30, 2019</td><td>1,419,000</td><td>4,520,000</td><td>2,198,000</td></tr><tr><td>Proved Developed Reserves, September 30, 2019</td><td>529,000</td><td>1,900,000</td><td>856,000</td></tr><tr><td>Proved Undeveloped Reserves, September 30, 2019</td><td>890,000</td><td>2,620,000</td><td>1,342,000</td></tr></table>



## (B) Capitalized Costs Relating to Oil and Natural Gas Producing Activities

All capitalized costs relating to oil and natural gas producing activities, which were being depleted in all years, are summarized as follows:

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Proved properties</td><td>$ 62,075,000</td><td>$ 63,766,000</td></tr><tr><td>Unproved properties</td><td>130,000</td><td>180,000</td></tr><tr><td>Total capitalized costs</td><td>62,205,000</td><td>63,946,000</td></tr><tr><td>Accumulated depletion and depreciation</td><td>55,972,000</td><td>48,769,000</td></tr><tr><td>Net capitalized costs</td><td>$ 6,233,000</td><td>$ 15,177,000</td></tr></table>

(C) Costs Incurred in Oil and Natural Gas Property Acquisition, Exploration and Development

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Acquisition of properties:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Unproved</td><td>$ —</td><td>$ 6,000</td></tr><tr><td>Proved</td><td>668,000</td><td>13,422,000</td></tr><tr><td>Development costs</td><td>(622,000)</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>$ 46,000</td><td>$ 13,428,000</td></tr></table>

Costs incurred in the table above include additions and revisions to Barnwell’s asset retirement obligation of  $ (755,000) \)  and 2,538,000 for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

(D) Results of Operations for Oil and Natural Gas Producing Activities

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Net revenues</td><td>$ 6,406,000</td><td>$ 3,706,000</td></tr><tr><td>Production costs</td><td>(5,213,000)</td><td>(2,633,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Depletion</td><td>(2,680,000)</td><td>(826,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Reduction of carrying value of oil and natural gas properties</td><td>(5,710,000)</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Pre-tax results of operations (1)</td><td>(7,197,000)</td><td>247,000</td></tr><tr><td>Estimated income tax (expense) benefit (2)</td><td>(160,000)</td><td>83,000</td></tr><tr><td>Results of operations (1)</td><td>$ (7,357,000)</td><td>$ 330,000</td></tr></table>



(E) Standardized Measure, Including Year-to-Year Changes Therein, of Estimated Discounted Future Net Cash Flows

The following tables utilize reserve and production data estimated by independent petroleum reserve engineers. The information may be useful for certain comparison purposes but should not be solely relied upon in evaluating Barnwell or its performance. Moreover, the projections should not be construed as realistic estimates of future cash flows, nor should the standardized measure be viewed as representing current value.

The estimated future cash flows at September 30, 2019 and 2018 were based on average sales prices in effect on the first day of the month for the preceding twelve month period in accordance with SEC Release No. 33-8995. The future production and development costs represent the estimated future expenditures that we will incur to develop and produce the proved reserves, assuming continuation of existing economic conditions. The future income tax expenses were computed by applying statutory income tax rates in existence at September 30, 2019 and 2018 to the future pre-tax net cash flows relating to proved reserves, net of the tax basis of the properties involved.

Material revisions to reserve estimates may occur in the future, development and production of the oil and natural gas reserves may not occur in the periods assumed and actual prices realized and actual costs incurred are expected to vary significantly from those used. Management does not rely upon this information in making investment and operating decisions; rather, those decisions are based upon a wide range of factors, including estimates of probable reserves as well as proved reserves and price and cost assumptions different than those reflected herein.

In December 2018, the Society of Petroleum Evaluation Engineers and associated industry professionals updated the Canadian Oil and Gas Evaluation (“COGE”) Handbook. The updates clarify and streamline existing guidelines and offer additional guidance regarding Canadian reserves evaluations. Barnwell has included all abandonment, decommissioning and reclamation costs and inactive well costs in accordance with best practice recommendations into the Company’s September 30, 2019 year-end reserve report.

Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Future cash inflows</td><td>$ 65,720,000</td><td>$ 83,947,000</td></tr><tr><td>Future production costs</td><td>(54,923,000)</td><td>(41,130,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Future development costs</td><td>(13,295,000)</td><td>(13,753,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Future income tax expenses</td><td>(450,000)</td><td>(6,236,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Future net cash flows</td><td>(2,948,000)</td><td>22,828,000</td></tr><tr><td>10% annual discount for timing of cash flows</td><td>5,258,000</td><td>(8,992,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows</td><td>$ 2,310,000</td><td>$ 13,836,000</td></tr></table>



Changes in the Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows

<table><tr><td rowspan="2"></td><td colspan="2">Year ended September 30,</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Beginning of year</td><td>$ 13,836,000</td><td>$ 4,317,000</td></tr><tr><td>Sales of oil and natural gas produced, net of production costs</td><td>(1,193,000)</td><td>(1,073,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Net changes in prices and production costs, net of royalties and wellhead taxes</td><td>(15,358,000)</td><td>(726,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Extensions and discoveries</td><td>891,000</td><td>2,224,000</td></tr><tr><td>Net change due to purchases and sales of minerals in place</td><td>334,000</td><td>10,373,000</td></tr><tr><td>Revisions of previous quantity estimates</td><td>(71,000)</td><td>(491,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Net change in income taxes</td><td>3,792,000</td><td>(3,388,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Accretion of discount</td><td>1,350,000</td><td>418,000</td></tr><tr><td>Other - changes in the timing of future production and other</td><td>(932,000)</td><td>2,315,000</td></tr><tr><td>Other - net change in Canadian dollar translation rate</td><td>(339,000)</td><td>(133,000)</td></tr><tr><td>Net change</td><td>(11,526,000)</td><td>9,519,000</td></tr><tr><td>End of year</td><td>$ 2,310,000</td><td>$ 13,836,000</td></tr></table>



# ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

## ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

## Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We have established disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to Barnwell, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to the officers who certify Barnwell’s financial reports and to other members of executive management and the Board of Directors.

As of September 30, 2019, an evaluation was carried out by Barnwell’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the effectiveness of Barnwell’s disclosure controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that Barnwell’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) were effective as of September 30, 2019 to ensure that information required to be disclosed by Barnwell in reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the rules thereunder.

## Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Barnwell’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for Barnwell, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Under the supervision and with the participation of Barnwell’s management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, Barnwell conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting using criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in the report entitled Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) (the “COSO Framework”). Based on this evaluation under the COSO Framework, management concluded that its internal control over financial reporting was effective as of September 30, 2019.

This Annual Report on Form 10-K does not include an attestation report of our independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Pursuant to Item 308(b) of Regulation S-K, management’s report is not subject to attestation by our independent registered public accounting firm because the Company is neither an “accelerated filer” nor a “large accelerated filer” as those terms are defined by the SEC.

## Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There was no change in Barnwell’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2019 that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, Barnwell’s internal control over financial reporting.

## ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

None.



## PART III

## ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The information required is omitted pursuant to General Instruction G(3) of Form 10-K, since the Registrant will file its definitive proxy statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders no later than 120 days after the close of its fiscal year ended September 30, 2019, which proxy statement is incorporated herein by reference.

Barnwell adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to its Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer. This Code of Ethics has been posted on Barnwell’s website at www.brninc.com.

## ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information required is omitted pursuant to General Instruction G(3) of Form 10-K, since the Registrant will file its definitive proxy statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders no later than 120 days after the close of its fiscal year ended September 30, 2019, which proxy statement is incorporated herein by reference.

## ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The information required is omitted pursuant to General Instruction G(3) of Form 10-K, since the Registrant will file its definitive proxy statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders no later than 120 days after the close of its fiscal year ended September 30, 2019, which proxy statement is incorporated herein by reference.

## Equity Compensation Plan Information

The following table provides information about Barnwell’s common stock that may be issued upon exercise of options and rights under Barnwell’s existing equity compensation plan as of September 30, 2019:

<table><tr><td>Plan Category</td><td>(a) Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights</td><td>(b) Weighted-average price of outstanding options, warrants and rights</td><td>(c) Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a))</td></tr><tr><td>Equity compensation plans approved by security holders</td><td>318,750</td><td>$4.07</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>—</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>318,750</td><td>$4.07</td><td>—</td></tr></table>



## ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

The information required is omitted pursuant to General Instruction G(3) of Form 10-K, since the Registrant will file its definitive proxy statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders no later than 120 days after the close of its fiscal year ended September 30, 2019, which proxy statement is incorporated herein by reference.

## ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

The information required is omitted pursuant to General Instruction G(3) of Form 10-K, since the Registrant will file its definitive proxy statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders no later than 120 days after the close of its fiscal year ended September 30, 2019, which proxy statement is incorporated herein by reference.



## PART IV

## ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

## (a) Financial Statements

The following consolidated financial statements of Barnwell Industries, Inc. and its subsidiaries are included in Part II, Item 8:

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – KPMG LLP

Consolidated Balance Sheets – September 30, 2019 and 2018

Consolidated Statements of Operations – for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss – for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018

Consolidated Statements of Equity – for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Schedules have been omitted because they were not applicable, not required, or the information is included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.

## (b) Exhibits

<table><tr><td>Exhibit Number</td><td>Description</td></tr><tr><td>3.1</td><td>Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (1)</td></tr><tr><td>3.2</td><td>Amended and Restated By-Laws (2)</td></tr><tr><td>4.0</td><td>Form of the Registrant&#x27;s certificate of common stock, par value $0.50 per share (3)</td></tr><tr><td>10.1</td><td>The Barnwell Industries, Inc. Employees&#x27; Pension Plan (restated as of October 1, 1989) (4)</td></tr><tr><td>10.2</td><td>Form of Purchase and Sale Agreement dated February 13, 2004 by and between Kaupulehu Developments and WB KD Acquisition, LLC (5)</td></tr><tr><td>10.3</td><td>Agreement dated May 27, 2009 which became effective June 23, 2009 by and between Kaupulehu Developments and WB KD Acquisition, LLC and WB KD Acquisition II, LLC (6)</td></tr><tr><td>10.4</td><td>Limited Liability Limited Partnership Agreement of KD Kona 2013 LLLP dated November 27, 2013 (7)</td></tr><tr><td>10.5</td><td>Limited Liability Limited Partnership Agreement of KKM Makai, LLLP dated November 27, 2013 (8)</td></tr><tr><td>10.6</td><td>Purchase and Sale Agreement, executed on June 8, 2017, with an as of date of May 10, 2017, between Barnwell of Canada, Limited and Anegada Oil Corp. (9)</td></tr></table>



10.7 Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated December 14, 2017, between Barnwell of Canada, Limited and Mount Bastion Oil & Gas Corp. (10)

10.8 Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated July 19, 2018, between Barnwell of Canada, Limited and Octavian Oil Ltd. and Eagle Energy Inc. (11)

10.9 Agreement with KD Kaupulehu, LLLP to Release Retained Rights, dated as of March 7, 2019, between Kaupulehu Developments and KD Kaupulehu, LLLP (12)

10.10 Agreement with Respect to Retained Rights, dated as of March 7, 2019 between Kaupulehu Developments and KD Acquisition II, LP (13)

21 List of Subsidiaries

23.1 Consent of KPMG LLP

23.2 Consent of InSite Petroleum Consultants Ltd.

31.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant To Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

31.2 Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant To Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32 Certification Pursuant To Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

99.1 Reserve Report Summary prepared by InSite Petroleum Consultants Ltd.

101.INS XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document



## SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

BARNWELL INDUSTRIES, INC.

(Registrant)

/s/ Russell M. Gifford

By: Russell M. Gifford

Chief Financial Officer,
Executive Vice President,
Treasurer and Secretary

Date: December 20, 2019



Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

/s/ Alexander C. Kinzler

Alexander C. Kinzler

President, Chief Executive Officer,
Chief Operating Officer,
General Counsel and Director
Date: December 20, 2019

/s/ James S. Barnwell

James S. Barnwell, Chairman of the Board

Date: December 20, 2019

/s/ Martin Anderson

Martin Anderson, Director

Date: December 20, 2019

/s/ Robert J. Inglima, Jr.

Robert J. Inglima, Jr., Director

Date: December 20, 2019

/s/ Russell M. Gifford

Russell M. Gifford

Executive Vice President,

Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer,

Secretary and Director

Date: December 20, 2019

/s/ Murray C. Gardner

Murray C. Gardner, Director

Date: December 20, 2019

/s/ Kevin K. Takata

Kevin K. Takata, Director

Date: December 20, 2019



## INDEX TO EXHIBITS

<table><tr><td>Exhibit Number</td><td>Description</td></tr><tr><td>3.1</td><td>Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (1)</td></tr><tr><td>3.2</td><td>Amended and Restated By-Laws (2)</td></tr><tr><td>4.0</td><td>Form of the Registrant&#x27;s certificate of common stock, par value $.50 per share (3)</td></tr><tr><td>10.1</td><td>The Barnwell Industries, Inc. Employees&#x27; Pension Plan (restated as of October 1, 1989) (4)</td></tr><tr><td>10.2</td><td>Form of Purchase and Sale Agreement dated February 13, 2004 by and between Kaupulehu Developments and WB KD Acquisition, LLC (5)</td></tr><tr><td>10.3</td><td>Agreement dated May 27, 2009 which became effective June 23, 2009 by and between Kaupulehu Developments and WB KD Acquisition, LLC and WB KD Acquisition II, LLC (6)</td></tr><tr><td>10.4</td><td>Limited Liability Limited Partnership Agreement of KD Kona 2013 LLLP dated November 27, 2013 (7)</td></tr><tr><td>10.5</td><td>Limited Liability Limited Partnership Agreement of KKM Makai, LLLP dated November 27, 2013 (8)</td></tr><tr><td>10.6</td><td>Purchase and Sale Agreement, executed on June 8, 2017, with an as of date of May 10, 2017, between Barnwell of Canada, Limited and Anegada Oil Corp. (9)</td></tr><tr><td>10.7</td><td>Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated December 14, 2017, between Barnwell of Canada, Limited and Mount Bastion Oil &amp; Gas Corp. (10)</td></tr><tr><td>10.8</td><td>Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated July 19, 2018, between Barnwell of Canada, Limited and Octavian Oil Ltd. and Eagle Energy Inc. (11)</td></tr><tr><td>10.9</td><td>Agreement with KD Kaupulehu, LLLP to Release Retained Rights, dated as of March 7, 2019, between Kaupulehu Developments and KD Kaupulehu, LLLP (12)</td></tr><tr><td>10.10</td><td>Agreement with Respect to Retained Rights, dated as of March 7, 2019 between Kaupulehu Developments and KD Acquisition II, LP (13)</td></tr><tr><td>21</td><td>List of Subsidiaries</td></tr><tr><td>23.1</td><td>Consent of KPMG LLP</td></tr><tr><td>23.2</td><td>Consent of InSite Petroleum Consultants Ltd.</td></tr><tr><td>31.1</td><td>Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant To Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002</td></tr><tr><td>31.2</td><td>Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant To Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002</td></tr><tr><td>32</td><td>Certification Pursuant To Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002</td></tr><tr><td>99.1</td><td>Reserve Report Summary prepared by InSite Petroleum Consultants Ltd.</td></tr><tr><td>101.INS</td><td>XBRL Instance Document</td></tr><tr><td>101.SCH</td><td>XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document</td></tr><tr><td>101.CAL</td><td>XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document</td></tr><tr><td>101.DEF</td><td>XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document</td></tr><tr><td>101.LAB</td><td>XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document</td></tr><tr><td>101.PRE</td><td>XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document</td></tr></table>



(1) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Registrant’s Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2013.

(2) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Registrant’s Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2014.

(3) Incorporated by reference to the registration statement on Form S-1 originally filed by the Registrant January 29, 1957 and as amended February 15, 1957 and February 19, 1957.

(4) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 1989.

(5) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Registrant’s Form 8-K filed on February 13, 2004.

(6) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Registrant’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2009.

(7) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to Registrant’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended December 31, 2013.

(8) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to Registrant’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended December 31, 2013

(9) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to Registrant’s Form 8-K filed on June 14, 2017.

(10) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to Registrant’s Form 8-K filed on December 19, 2017.

(11) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Registrant’s Form 8-K filed on July 25, 2018.

(12) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Registrant’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2019.

(13) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Registrant’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2019. Certain confidential information has been omitted from a portion of this exhibit.



## List of Subsidiaries

The subsidiaries of Barnwell Industries, Inc., at September 30, 2019 were:

<table><tr><td>Name of Subsidiary</td><td>Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization</td></tr><tr><td>Barnwell of Canada, Limited</td><td>Delaware</td></tr><tr><td>Water Resources International, Inc.</td><td>Delaware</td></tr><tr><td>Barnwell Hawaiian Properties, Inc.</td><td>Delaware</td></tr><tr><td>Barnwell Kona Corporation</td><td>Hawaii</td></tr><tr><td>Kaupulehu Developments</td><td>Hawaii</td></tr><tr><td>Barnwell Alakea Properties, Inc.</td><td>Hawaii</td></tr><tr><td>Kaupulehu Mauka Investors, LLC</td><td>Hawaii</td></tr><tr><td>Barnwell Makai, Inc.</td><td>Hawaii</td></tr><tr><td>KD Kona 2013 LLLP</td><td>Hawaii</td></tr><tr><td>Bill Robbins Drilling, Ltd.</td><td>Alberta, Canada</td></tr><tr><td>Gypsy Petroleum Ltd.</td><td>Alberta, Canada</td></tr><tr><td>Dartmouth Petroleum, Ltd.</td><td>Alberta, Canada</td></tr><tr><td>J.H. Wilson Associates, Ltd.</td><td>Alberta, Canada</td></tr><tr><td>Octavian Oil, Ltd.</td><td>Alberta, Canada</td></tr></table>



## Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors

Barnwell Industries, Inc.:

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statement No. 333-153070 on Form S-8 of Barnwell Industries, Inc. of our report dated December 20, 2019, with respect to the consolidated balance sheets of Barnwell Industries, Inc. and subsidiaries as of September 30, 2019 and 2018, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss, equity, and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes, which report appears in the September 30, 2019 annual report on Form 10-K of Barnwell Industries, Inc.

/s/ KPMG LLP

Honolulu, Hawaii

December 20, 2019



## Consent of InSite Petroleum Consultants Ltd.

We hereby consent to the use of our name in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Barnwell Industries, Inc. and to all references to us, our report concerning reserves and the data in that report appearing in the 10-K.

Date: December 20, 2019

InSite Petroleum Consultants Ltd.

By: /s/ Peter Hadala

Peter Hadala, P. Eng.

President and Managing Director



## Certifications

I, Alexander C. Kinzler, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Barnwell Industries, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: December 20, 2019

/s/ Alexander C. Kinzler

Alexander C. Kinzler

President, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Operating Officer, General Counsel



## Certifications

I, Russell M. Gifford, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Barnwell Industries, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.



# Barnwell Industries, Inc.

# Certification Pursuant to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (subsections (a) and (b) of Section 1350, Chapter 63 of Title 18, United States Code) each of the undersigned officers of Barnwell Industries, Inc. (the "Company"), does hereby certify, to such officer's knowledge that:

The Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2019 of the Company fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the information contained in the Form 10-K fairly presents, in all material respects, the consolidated financial condition as of September 30, 2019 and consolidated results of operations for the year ended September 30, 2019 of the Company and its subsidiaries.

Dated: December 20, 2019

Dated: December 20, 2019

The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (subsections (a) and (b) of Section 1350, Chapter 63 of Title 18, United States Code) and is not being filed as part of the Form 10-K or as a separate disclosure document.

A signed original of the written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.



Barnwell of Canada, Limited
Suite 2410, 500 – 4th Avenue SW
Calgary, Alberta
T2P 2V6

Re: Evaluation of the Oil and Gas Properties of Barnwell of Canada, Limited and Octavian Oil Ltd.

Dear Sirs:

As requested, an evaluation has been made of all of the crude oil and natural gas assets of Barnwell of Canada, Limited and Octavian Oil Ltd., hereinafter referred to as the “Company.” The properties evaluated are located in the Canadian provinces of Alberta, British Columbia and Saskatchewan. The effective date of the reserve estimates presented in this report is September 30, 2019. The purpose of this evaluation and report is to fulfill Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) reporting requirements.

All Company assets were evaluated in full detail. Individual property evaluations were prepared in the context of belonging to a larger portfolio of properties. Due to the principal of aggregation of reserves, the total portfolio reserves estimate carries a higher degree of confidence than the estimates for the individual properties.

This evaluation is based in part on prices, currency exchange rates and estimates which, in future, may differ materially from the forecasts utilized herein. In addition, changes in government policy and regulation may result in higher (or lower) royalties and taxes and the change may be material; therefore, the present values of revenues documented in this report do not necessarily represent the fair market value of the reserves evaluated. The reserve estimates presented in this report are considered reasonable as of the effective date of the report given the quality and quantity of data available; however, they should be accepted with the understanding that reservoir performance subsequent to the date of these estimates may necessitate revision, which may be material.



## Barnwell of Canada, Limited plus Octavian Oil Ltd.
Summary of Net Reserves – Constant Prices and Costs

Net Remaining Reserves

<table><tr><td></td><td>Crude Oil (Stb)</td><td>NGL + Cond. (Stb)</td><td>Market Gas (Mcf)</td></tr><tr><td>Proved Producing</td><td>459,600</td><td>47,800</td><td>1,606,200</td></tr><tr><td>Proved Non-Producing</td><td>19,300</td><td>1,900</td><td>293,700</td></tr><tr><td>Proved Undeveloped</td><td>774,500</td><td>116,400</td><td>2,619,600</td></tr><tr><td>Total Proved</td><td>1,253,400</td><td>166,100</td><td>4,519,500</td></tr></table>

Constant prices were prepared based on posted prices of crude oil and natural gas, and natural gas liquids using a 12 month unweighted arithmetic average closing price of each commodity on the  $ 1^{st} \)  day of each month from October 1, 2018 through September 1, 2019 during the fiscal year. This report has been prepared using constant prices and costs and conforms to our understanding of the SEC’s guidelines and applicable financial accounting rules.

All prices used in the evaluation have been adjusted from posted prices for applicable quality, heating value and transportation considerations. The weighted average prices, after applicable adjustments, over the life of the properties used in the evaluation were US$ 45.46 barrel of oil, US$ 1.23 per Mcf of gas, US$ 25.47 per barrel of condensate and natural gas liquids.

During the course of the evaluation, the Company provided InSite Petroleum Consultants Ltd. (“InSite”) personnel with basic information including land data, well information, geological information, reservoir studies, estimates of on-stream dates, contract details, operating cost data, capital budget forecasts, operating statements and other financial data and future operating plans. Additional engineering, geological or economic data used in the preparation of this report were obtained from public records, other operators and from InSite non-confidential files. InSite encountered no indications that the data was incomplete or inaccurate. Should evidence become available in the future suggesting that the data was incomplete or inaccurate, InSite reserves the right to revise the estimates based on new data. Similarly, the performance of the producing entities subsequent to the effective date of this report may necessitate upward or downward revisions to the reserve and production estimates.

In conducting our reserve analysis, proved reserve volumes were determined by volumetric, material balance, and production decline curve methods. The volumetric reserves were determined by reviewing all well logs, core, and geological data. Recovery factors were assigned after analyzing the performance of similar wells in the area. Historical well production was reviewed to determine reserves calculated by production decline curve analysis where sufficient historical data was available. The order of preference in choosing the methodology to be used was firstly production decline curve analysis or material balance where sufficient data was available for such analysis with volumetric calculations used where there was a lack of historical data.

The production and revenue forecasts for each property and the corporate cash flow summaries have not been adjusted for risk. Well abandonment, decommissioning and site reclamation costs (ADR) were included in the economic runs for all wells with reserves assigned, as wells as the ADR costs for producing wells with no reserves assigned, suspended wells and existing facilities. The ADR costs and timing were adopted from the Company’s internal Asset Retirement Obligation (ARO) estimates.

The oil and gas reserves calculations and income projections upon which this report is based, were determined in accordance with generally accepted evaluation practices. InSite used all assumptions, data, methods and procedures it considered appropriate, under the circumstances, to prepare this report.

The extent and character of ownership and all factual data supplied by the Company were accepted as presented. A field inspection was not considered necessary by InSite.



In this report, gross (or Company share) reserves are defined as the total remaining recoverable reserves owned by the Company before deduction of any royalties. Net reserves are defined as those accruing to the Company after all interests owned by others including Crown and Freehold royalties have been deducted. The reserve category definitions utilized in this report are in accordance with SEC standards and Regulation S-X.

Yours very truly,

InSite Petroleum Consultants Ltd.

Original signed by Peter Hadala, P. Eng.
(2019-12-20)

Peter Hadala, P. Eng.
President and Managing Director

Original signed by Radu Afilipoaei, P. Eng.
(2019-12-20)

Radu Afilipoaei, P. Eng.
Managing Director

Original signed by J. Ed Hasiuk, P. Geol.
(2019-12-20)

J. Ed Hasiuk, P. Geol.
Senior Geologist



## BOARD OF DIRECTORS

James S. Barnwell, III \( ^{1A, 2, 3, 4A, 5A} \)  – Chairman of the Board, Investor

Martin Anderson \( ^{1,2,4} \)  – Investor

Murray C. Gardner, Ph.D. \( ^{1,2,3,4} \)  – Investor

Kevin K. Takata \( ^{2,3A,4,5} \)  – Deputy Attorney General, State of Hawaii

Robert J. Inglima, Jr. \( ^{2A,3,5} \)  – Attorney in Private Practice

Russell M. Gifford \( ^{3} \)  – Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary

Alexander C. Kinzler \( ^{1,3} \)  – Chief Executive Officer, President, Chief Operating Officer and General Counsel

 \( ^{1A} \)  Chair of the Executive Committee

 \( ^{2A} \)  Chair of the Audit Committee
 \( ^{3A} \)  Chair of the Reserves Committee

 \( ^{4A} \)  Chair of the Compensation Committee  
 \( ^{5A} \)  Chair of the Nominating Committee

 \( ^{1} \)  Member of the Executive Committee

 \( ^{2} \)  Member of the Audit Committee  
 \( ^{3} \)  Member of the Reserves Committee

 \( ^{4} \)  Member of the Compensation Committee  
 \( ^{5} \)  Member of the Nominating Committee

## OFFICERS

Alexander C. Kinzler

Chief Executive Officer, President, Chief Operating Officer, General Counsel

Russell M. Gifford

Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer, Secretary

Joy Matsukawa

Assistant Vice President, Assistant Controller

Sheryl A. L. Villanueva

Assistant Vice President, Assistant Controller

Heidi M. Uratsuka

Assistant Vice President

Denise L. Miyasato

Assistant Secretary



## Corporate Information

## Corporate Headquarters

Barnwell Industries, Inc.
1100 Alakea Street, Suite 2900
Honolulu, Hawaii 96813
Phone (808) 531-8400
Fax (808) 531-7181

## Big Island Office

Water Resources International, Inc.
P.O. Box 44520, Kamuela Industrial Park
Kamuela, Hawaii 96743
Phone (808) 882-7207
Fax (808) 882-7655

Ticker Symbol: BRN
Website: www.brninc.com

## Canadian Office

Barnwell of Canada, Limited
Suite 2410, 500 4th Avenue S.W.
Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2P 2V6
Phone (403) 531-1560
Fax (403) 266-4124

## Transfer Agent

Broadridge Corporate Issuer Solutions, Inc.
51 Mercedes Way
Edgewood, NY 11717
Phone 1(877) 830-4936
Website www.shareholder.broadridge.com

Stock Exchange Listing
NYSE American

## Annual Meeting

Barnwell’s Annual Meeting of Stockholders will be held on April 3, 2020 at 9:00 a.m., Hawaii Standard Time, in Honolulu, Hawaii.

## Market Prices of Common Stock

The following tables reflect the quarterly high and low sales prices, on the NYSE American,

for the Company's common stock during the periods indicated:

<table><tr><td>Quarter ended</td><td>High</td><td>Low</td></tr><tr><td>December 31, 2017</td><td>$2.70</td><td>$1.80</td></tr><tr><td>March 31, 2018</td><td>$2.95</td><td>$1.80</td></tr><tr><td>June 30, 2018</td><td>$2.47</td><td>$1.63</td></tr><tr><td>September 30, 2018</td><td>$2.95</td><td>$1.69</td></tr><tr><td>December 31, 2018</td><td>$1.86</td><td>$1.22</td></tr><tr><td>March 31, 2019</td><td>$1.64</td><td>$1.27</td></tr><tr><td>June 30, 2019</td><td>$1.49</td><td>$1.03</td></tr><tr><td>September 30, 2019</td><td>$1.12</td><td>$0.46</td></tr></table>

## Form 10-K

Stockholders may obtain a copy of the Company’s Form 10-K, without charge, by writing to Barnwell Industries, Inc., 1100 Alakea Street, Suite 2900, Honolulu, HI 96813 or by sending an email to barnwellinfo@brninc.com or by clicking on the “Last 10-K” link on the Company’s website (www.brninc.com).