Comparing contingency management to non-contingency management , @-month cessation rates were not different ( @ % vs. @ % ; p = @ ) , but total number of visits with exhaled carbon monoxide-confirmed abstinence were higher for contingency management than non-contingency management participants ( @ vs. @ ; p = @ ) , and more contingency management participants showed reduction in their Fagerstrom score from baseline to follow-up ( @ % vs. @ % ; p = @ ) .