ariesutiono/entailment-bank-v3 huggingface dataset:
Question: Charisma has a goldfish she keeps in a tank. She planted several underwater plants in the bottom of the tank. How are the goldfish and the plants in the tank similar?
Answer: Both are made up of cells.
Hypothesis: both the goldfish and the plant are made of cells
Supporting facts: sent1: an organism is a living thing sent2: if two things perform the same function then those two things are similar sent3: nonliving things are not made of cells sent4: a multicellular organism contains more than one cell sent5: sexual reproduction produces offspring with genetic material from both parents / cells with genetic material from both parent cells sent6: both means two sent7: a goldfish is a kind of fish sent8: to be made of something means to be formed of that something sent9: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent10: to change into means to form sent11: a fish is a kind of living thing sent12: a multicellular organism is made of many cells sent13: a plant is a kind of living thing sent14: an animal is a member of an animal species sent15: if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something sent16: if something is a part of something then that something can be found in that something sent17: a multicellular organism has more than one cell sent18: cells are a part of the body sent19: made up of means contains / made of sent20: a cell is the smallest unit of an organism that can perform all of the processes of life sent21: objects are made of materials / substances / matter sent22: a multicellular organism is a kind of living thing sent23: all living things are made of cells according to the cell theory sent24: a fish is a kind of scaled animal sent25: a part of something is present in that something
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a fish is a kind of living thing [AND] a goldfish is a kind of fish [INFER] int1: a goldfish is a kind of living thing [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a plant is a kind of living thing [AND] all living things are made of cells according to the cell theory [INFER] int2: both the goldfish and the plant are made of cells
Question: A characteristic that all living organisms have in common is they
Answer: are made of cells.
Hypothesis: a property that all living things has is that they are all made of cells
Supporting facts: sent1: if an object is made of a material then that object has the properties of that material sent2: to be made of something means to be formed of that something sent3: made of is similar to contains sent4: material means substance sent5: what something is made of is a property of that something sent6: organisms mean life sent7: existence is similar to living sent8: a kind of something is an example of that something sent9: characteristic means property sent10: similar means in common sent11: materials are made of matter sent12: if something is made of something else then that something can be broken down into that something else sent13: if something is a part of something then that something can be found in that something sent14: trait is synonymous with characteristic sent15: cells are a part of the body sent16: certain is similar to specific sent17: to be found in means to be contained in sent18: substances are made of matter sent19: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent20: life means living things sent21: all living things are made of cells according to the cell theory sent22: composed of means made of sent23: made up of means contains / made of sent24: a cell is the smallest unit of an organism that can perform all of the processes of life sent25: basic life functions occur in the cells of organisms
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] all living things are made of cells according to the cell theory [AND] what something is made of is a property of that something [INFER] int1: a property that all living things has is that they are all made of cells
Question: Which of the following is found in all living organisms?
Answer: cell
Hypothesis: cells can be found in all living things
Supporting facts: sent1: if something is made of something else then that something can be broken down into that something else sent2: including means containing sent3: substances are made of matter sent4: life means living things sent5: cell activity means cell process sent6: cells are a part of the body sent7: can be means able to be sent8: ability is a property of things and includes ordered values of able / unable / can / cannot sent9: objects are made of materials / substances / matter sent10: all living things are made of cells according to the cell theory sent11: existence is similar to living sent12: composed of means made of sent13: if something exists on a surface then that surface contains that something sent14: living things perform biological processes sent15: size is a property of objects and includes ordered values of microscopic / tiny / small / medium / large sent16: organisms mean life sent17: found in means existing in sent18: matter is made of molecules sent19: certain is similar to specific sent20: cell division often causes growth / healing sent21: if something is made of something else, then that something else can be found in that something sent22: made up of means contains / made of sent23: if something is located in some place , then the presence of that something can be found in that location sent24: a cell is the smallest unit of an organism that can perform all of the processes of life sent25: to be made of something means to be formed of that something
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] all living things are made of cells according to the cell theory [AND] if something is made of something else, then that something else can be found in that something [INFER] int1: cells can be found in all living things
Question: Which of these is found in all organisms?
Answer: a cell
Hypothesis: organisms are made of cells according to the cell theory
Supporting facts: sent1: substances are made of matter sent2: all living things are made of cells according to the cell theory sent3: can be means able to be sent4: all living things are organisms sent5: objects are made of materials / substances / matter sent6: made up of means contains / made of sent7: a type of something is a kind of property of that something sent8: cell activity means cell process sent9: organisms mean life sent10: a kind of something is an example of that something sent11: substances are made of molecules sent12: existence is similar to living sent13: an object is made of its parts sent14: composed of means made of sent15: size is a property of objects and includes ordered values of microscopic / tiny / small / medium / large sent16: if something exists on a surface then that surface contains that something sent17: matter is made of molecules sent18: if something is made of something else then that something can be broken down into that something else sent19: to be made of something means to be formed of that something sent20: cells are a part of the body sent21: certain is similar to specific sent22: if something is located in some place , then the presence of that something can be found in that location sent23: found in means existing in sent24: a cell is the smallest unit of an organism that can perform all of the processes of life sent25: including means containing
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] all living things are made of cells according to the cell theory [AND] all living things are organisms [INFER] int1: organisms are made of cells according to the cell theory
Question: Which statement about all living organisms is true?
Answer: They have at least one cell.
Hypothesis: all living things contain at least one cell
Supporting facts: sent1: composed of means made of sent2: if something is made of something else then that something can be broken down into that something else sent3: the cell is the most basic structural unit of life sent4: ability is a property of things and includes ordered values of able / unable / can / cannot sent5: biotic means living sent6: living things perform biological processes sent7: to be made of something means to be formed of that something sent8: bacteria is a kind of living thing sent9: living things can all reproduce sent10: existence is similar to living sent11: material means substance sent12: if something is located in somewhere , then something can be found in somewhere sent13: reproduction produces / produce offspring sent14: cell division means cell reproduction sent15: all living things are made of cells according to the cell theory sent16: single-cell organism means unicellular organism sent17: size is a property of objects and includes ordered values of microscopic / tiny / small / medium / large sent18: a cell is the smallest unit of an organism that can perform all of the processes of life sent19: objects are made of materials / substances / matter sent20: life means living things sent21: if something is a part of something then that something can be found in that something sent22: made up of means contains / made of sent23: if something is made of something else, then that something contains at least one of that something else sent24: cells are a part of the body sent25: organisms mean life
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] all living things are made of cells according to the cell theory [AND] if something is made of something else, then that something contains at least one of that something else [INFER] int1: all living things contain at least one cell
Question: A researcher examines a marine organism that is the size of an average human hand. Without more information, which statement about the organism is most likely accurate?
Answer: It is made of many cells.
Hypothesis: the organism may be made of many cells
Supporting facts: sent1: more likely means increased likelihood sent2: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent3: amount is a property of something and includes ordered values of none / least / little / some / half / much / many / most / all sent4: how many means what number sent5: length is a property of the shape of an object sent6: human is a kind of organism sent7: a single-celled organism is made of only one cell sent8: an organism has a size of an average human hand sent9: a multicellular organism is made of many cells sent10: length is a part of size sent11: a human hand is large enough in size to be visible sent12: height is a property of the size of an object sent13: as the size of an object appears larger , that object will be seen / be observed more easily / better sent14: a multicellular organism is large enough to be visible sent15: a description sometimes provides information sent16: the volume of an object can be used to describe the size of that object sent17: if something is a part of something then that something can be found in that something sent18: if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something sent19: scientists make observations sent20: cell division means cell reproduction sent21: a human cell is a kind of cell sent22: nonliving things are not made of cells sent23: researcher is a kind of scientist sent24: a cell is the smallest unit of an organism that can perform all of the processes of life sent25: to be made of something means to be formed of that something
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a human hand is large enough in size to be visible [AND] an organism has a size of an average human hand [INFER] int1: the organism is large enough to be visible [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a multicellular organism is large enough to be visible [INFER] int2: the organism may be a multicellular organism [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] a multicellular organism is made of many cells [INFER] int3: the organism may be made of many cells
Question: Which of these is a function of all cells?
Answer: to extract energy from food to sustain life
Hypothesis: all cells produce energy by extracting energy from food
Supporting facts: sent1: cellular respiration is when cells extract energy from food to produce energy sent2: amount is a property of something and includes ordered values of none / least / little / some / half / much / many / most / all sent3: the cell is the most basic structural unit of life sent4: cellular respiration is a source of energy for cell activities sent5: if an organism can do something , then that organism is able to do that something sent6: to provide something means to be the source of that something sent7: cell activity means cell process sent8: cell division produces more cells for multicellular organisms sent9: the cell cycle is when a cell forms new cells sent10: cellular respiration is cellular digestion sent11: purpose means role sent12: living things perform biological processes sent13: ability is a property of things and includes ordered values of able / unable / can / cannot sent14: the function of something is what that something is used to do sent15: role means function sent16: cell division often causes growth / healing sent17: life means living things sent18: a plant cell is a kind of cell sent19: where something comes from is a source of that something sent20: a function is an activity sent21: if something has the ability to do something else , then that something can do that something else sent22: an organism requires energy for growth / repair sent23: a source of something produces that something sent24: cells are a part of the body sent25: all cells perform cellular respiration
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a source of something produces that something [AND] cellular respiration is a source of energy for cell activities [INFER] int1: cellular respiration produces energy for cell activites [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] cellular respiration is when cells extract energy from food to produce energy [INFER] int2: cellular repiration produces energy by extracting energy from food [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] all cells perform cellular respiration [INFER] int3: all cells produce energy by extracting energy from food
Question: Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in all living organisms. Which describes the greatest difference between the cells of a baby gorilla and the cells of an adult gorilla?
Answer: The adult has more cells than the baby.
Hypothesis: the number of cells in the adult gorilla is more than the number of cells in the baby gorilla
Supporting facts: sent1: a multicellular organism contains more than one cell sent2: cell division often causes growth / healing sent3: less means a reduced amount sent4: a gorilla is a kind of animal sent5: if something performs a task then that task is that something 's function sent6: a brain is a part of an animal sent7: amount is a property of something and includes ordered values of none / least / little / some / half / much / many / most / all sent8: a human cell is a kind of cell sent9: a child is a kind of young human sent10: baby animals become adult animals sent11: a baby means the offspring of a parent sent12: cells are a part of the body sent13: adult is similar to mature sent14: a cell is very small sent15: offspring receive genes from their parents through inheritence / dna / sexual reproduction sent16: the body is a part of an organism sent17: cell division means cell reproduction sent18: an animal is a member of an animal species sent19: cell division increases the number of cells in the body sent20: cell activity means cell process sent21: ability is a property of things and includes ordered values of able / unable / can / cannot sent22: growth causes a baby to become an adult sent23: children / young is synonymous with offspring sent24: an organism is a living thing sent25: baby is similar to immature
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] baby animals become adult animals [AND] a gorilla is a kind of animal [INFER] int1: a baby gorilla become adult gorilla [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] cell division often causes growth / healing [AND] growth causes a baby to become an adult [INFER] int2: cell division causes the baby gorilla to become adult gorilla [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] cell division increases the number of cells in the body [INFER] int3: the number of cells in the adult gorilla is more than the number of cells in the baby gorilla
Question: A student observes cells in an object by using a microscope. The student thinks that the object was part of a living thing. Which statement explains why cell theory can be used to support the student's thinking?
Answer: Cell theory states that all living things are made of cells.
Hypothesis: the student is observing a living thing
Supporting facts: sent1: size is a property of objects and includes ordered values of microscopic / tiny / small / medium / large sent2: if something is made of something else then that something can be broken down into that something else sent3: all living things are made of cells according to the cell theory sent4: a structure of something is synonymous with a part of that something sent5: existence is similar to living sent6: cells are a part of the body sent7: cell activity means cell process sent8: a part of a living thing is a natural structure sent9: cell division often causes growth / healing sent10: a part of something is present in that something sent11: studying something usually requires seeing that something sent12: a student observes cells in an object sent13: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent14: cell division means cell reproduction sent15: an object has properties sent16: living things perform biological processes sent17: to be made of something means to be formed of that something sent18: a theory is more accepted / more tested than a hypothesis sent19: the parts of something make up that something sent20: an organism is a living thing sent21: a cell is the smallest unit of an organism that can perform all of the processes of life sent22: an example of evidence for a scientific theory is observations sent23: a part of something means a characteristic of something sent24: observe means see sent25: made up of means contains / made of
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a student observes cells in an object [AND] all living things are made of cells according to the cell theory [INFER] int1: the student is observing a living thing
Question: Which part of the body carries out the function of copying DNA?
Answer: cells
Hypothesis: cells are the part of body that copies dna
Supporting facts: sent1: something 's function can be used to describe / identify that something sent2: a part of a process means a stage in a process sent3: living things perform biological processes sent4: the ability to do means be able to do sent5: cells copy dna sent6: if an organism can do something , then that organism is able to do that something sent7: cell division is a kind of process sent8: a function is a kind of characteristic sent9: a cell is the smallest unit of an organism that can perform all of the processes of life sent10: the function of something is what that something is used to do sent11: all living things are made of cells according to the cell theory sent12: the parent cell is the original cell sent13: something is used for that something 's purpose sent14: role means function sent15: cell activity means cell process sent16: dna are a vehicle for passing genes from parent to offspring sent17: an organism is a living thing sent18: a body cell means a somatic cell sent19: cell division means cell reproduction sent20: part means role sent21: if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something sent22: purpose means role sent23: a function is an activity sent24: if something is copied then that something will be the same / similar / identical sent25: cells are a part of the body
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] cells are a part of the body [AND] cells copy dna [INFER] int1: cells are the part of body that copies dna
Question: Compared to the amount of hereditary information in a human body cell, how much hereditary information is contained in a human sex cell?
Answer: one-half the amount
Hypothesis: a human sex cell contains one half of the chromosomes of a human body cell
Supporting facts: sent1: information is used to describe something sent2: size is a property of objects and includes ordered values of microscopic / tiny / small / medium / large sent3: cell division is a kind of process sent4: a somatic cell of a human contains 23 pairs of / 46 chromosomes sent5: a chromosome contains genes sent6: information in an organism 's chromosomes cause genetic traits to be passed down to that organism 's offspring sent7: genes are made of dna sent8: the body is a part of an organism sent9: a human body cell contains 46 chromosomes sent10: hereditary information is similar to genetic information sent11: cell activity means cell process sent12: dna are found in the nucleus of the cell sent13: a body cell means a somatic cell sent14: 23 is one half of 46 sent15: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent16: all living things are made of cells according to the cell theory sent17: to contain something means to have that something sent18: data means information sent19: cell division means cell reproduction sent20: genetic / hereditary means of genes / heredity sent21: quantity means amount sent22: a cell is the smallest unit of an organism that can perform all of the processes of life sent23: person is synonymous with human sent24: if something is a part of something then that something can be found in that something sent25: a sex cell of a human contains 23 chromosomes
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] 23 is one half of 46 [AND] a sex cell of a human contains 23 chromosomes [AND] a human body cell contains 46 chromosomes [INFER] int1: a human sex cell contains one half of the chromosomes of a human body cell
Question: Mitosis occurs in living things when a cell divides to produce two cells. Compared to the original cell, how many chromosomes are in each of the resulting cells?
Answer: the same number
Hypothesis: mitosis produces two cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell
Supporting facts: sent1: to split means to break down sent2: similar means in common sent3: things that are identical will have the same number of parts sent4: the property of something is the same for the things of same kind sent5: how many means what number sent6: if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something sent7: decomposition is a kind of process sent8: amount is similar to number sent9: cell division means cell reproduction sent10: to split means to divide sent11: if two things perform the same function then those two things are similar sent12: identical means copy sent13: amount is a property of something and includes ordered values of none / least / little / some / half / much / many / most / all sent14: cell division often causes growth / healing sent15: producing is a kind of process sent16: a cell is a kind of thing sent17: an organism is a living thing sent18: both means two sent19: fewer means lower / less in number sent20: a chromosome is a part of a cell sent21: to convert means to change sent22: a cell is the smallest unit of an organism that can perform all of the processes of life sent23: a mitochondrion is a kind of cellular organelle sent24: mitosis produces two diploid cells from a diploid parent cell sent25: mitosis produces cells that are identical to the parent cell
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a cell is a kind of thing [AND] a chromosome is a part of a cell [AND] things that are identical will have the same number of parts [INFER] int1: cells that are identical will have the same number of chromosomes [BECAUSE] mitosis produces two diploid cells from a diploid parent cell [AND] mitosis produces cells that are identical to the parent cell [INFER] int2: mitosis produces two diploid cells that are identical to the parent diploid cell [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: mitosis produces two cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell