ariesutiono/entailment-bank-v3 huggingface dataset:
Question: Which occurs as the kinetic energy of water molecules increases?
Answer: Liquid water becomes water vapor.
Hypothesis: water will change from a liquid into gas
Supporting facts: sent1: evaporating is a kind of phase change sent2: as the heat of matter increases , the average molecular speed of the matter will increases sent3: heat is a kind of energy sent4: boiling is when liquids are heated above their boiling point sent5: as temperature increases , the speed of molecules will increase sent6: as temperature increases , the ability of that liquid to dissolve solids will increase sent7: as an object moves faster , the kinetic energy of that object will increase sent8: evaporation means a substance changes from a liquid into a gas by increasing heat energy sent9: an example of an object with kinetic energy is an object in motion sent10: the kinetic energy of water molecules are increasing sent11: motion is a source of kinetic energy in an object sent12: as the temperature of a substance increases , the molecules in that substance will move faster / farther apart sent13: as the amount of heat energy of a substance increases , the amount of kinetic energy will increase sent14: as the temperature of a liquid increases , the rate of evaporation of that liquid will increase sent15: particles in a liquid flows past each other sent16: energy transformation means one kind of energy changes into another kind of energy sent17: particles in a gas have more kinetic energy than particles in a liquid sent18: vapor is synonymous with gas sent19: boiling means the volume of a liquid decreases sent20: if something releases something else then that something is the source of that something else sent21: as the temperature of a chemical reaction increases , the rate of the chemical reaction will increase sent22: temperature changing can cause phase changes sent23: warm up means increase temperature sent24: adding heat means increasing temperature sent25: heat means temperature increases
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the kinetic energy of water molecules are increasing [AND] as the amount of heat energy of a substance increases , the amount of kinetic energy will increase [INFER] int1: the amount of heat energy of water is increasing [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] evaporation means a substance changes from a liquid into a gas by increasing heat energy [INFER] int2: water will change from a liquid into gas
Question: A wet towel will dry when it is left in the Sun. Which process occurs to make this happen?
Answer: evaporation
Hypothesis: the wet towel will dry because the water in the towel evaporates
Supporting facts: sent1: absorbing sunlight causes objects to heat sent2: heating means increasing heat energy sent3: heat is a kind of energy sent4: evaporation is allowing a liquid to evaporate to separate any solid that was mixed with it sent5: when the body is hot , sweat is produced to cool the body sent6: drying means the amount of liquid decreases sent7: if an object is in the sunlight then that object will absorb solar energy sent8: a wet towel is a kind of object sent9: absorbing energy causes objects / materials / substances to heat sent10: warm up means increase temperature sent11: the wet towel is in the sun sent12: water is a kind of liquid sent13: as the temperature of a liquid increases , the rate of evaporation of that liquid will increase sent14: evaporation / boiling can be used for separating a solution by allowing the solvent to evaporate sent15: drying up means losing all water sent16: evaporation causes amount of liquid to decrease sent17: evaporation means a substance changes from a liquid into a gas by increasing heat energy sent18: a wet towel exists sent19: a towel is a kind of object sent20: sweat cools / helps to cool a body sent21: heat energy can be used to heat up an object sent22: if heat is absorbed from a source then that heat source will cool sent23: heating the wet towel will also heat the things it contains sent24: a wet object contains water sent25: as the sunlight absorbed by the object increases , the temperature of the object will increase more
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a wet towel exists [AND] a towel is a kind of object [INFER] int1: a wet towel is a kind of wet object [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a wet object contains water [INFER] int2: a wet towel contains water [BECAUSE] the wet towel is in the sun [AND] if an object is in the sunlight then that object will absorb solar energy [AND] a wet towel is a kind of object [INFER] int3: the wet towel will absorb solar energy [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] absorbing sunlight causes objects to heat [AND] a wet towel is a kind of object [INFER] int4: the wet towel will heat [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] int4 [AND] heating the wet towel will also heat the things it contains [INFER] int5: the water will heat [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] heating means increasing heat energy [INFER] int6: the water will increase heat energy [BECAUSE] int6 [AND] water is a kind of liquid [AND] evaporation means a substance changes from a liquid into a gas by increasing heat energy [INFER] int7: the water will evaporate [BECAUSE] evaporation causes amount of liquid to decrease [AND] drying means the amount of liquid decreases [INFER] int8: evaporation causes liquids to dry [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] int7 [AND] int8 [INFER] int9: the wet towel will dry because the water in the towel evaporates
Question: In the morning, students observed puddles of water all over the playground. What would best explain why the playground was dry in the afternoon?
Answer: The water evaporated during the day.
Hypothesis: the puddles of water will evaporate
Supporting facts: sent1: as the temperature of a liquid increases , the rate of evaporation of that liquid will increase sent2: adding heat means increasing temperature sent3: cooling means temperature decreases sent4: drying up means losing all water sent5: intensity of sunlight is similar to amount of sunlight sent6: if a liquid disappears then that liquid probably evaporated sent7: as temperature during the day increases , the temperature in an environment will increase sent8: sublimation means matter / a substance changes from a solid into a gas by increasing heat energy sent9: temperature is a measure of heat energy sent10: damp means a large amount of water sent11: if something receives sunlight, it will increase in temperature sent12: as heat is transferred from something to something else , the temperature of that something will decrease sent13: puddles of water are outside during the day sent14: absorbing energy causes objects / materials / substances to heat sent15: evaporating is a kind of phase change sent16: evaporation means a substance changes from a liquid into a gas by increasing heat energy sent17: if heat is absorbed from a source then that heat source will cool sent18: if something is outside during the day then that something will receive sunlight sent19: as the surface area of a body of water increases , evaporation of that body of water will increase sent20: sunlight means solar energy sent21: as the sunlight absorbed by the object increases , the temperature of the object will increase more sent22: water vapor / steam cooling causes that water vapor / steam to condense sent23: if water vapor is limited to reach a location , then that location will be dry sent24: as the amount of water in a body of water increases , the amount of water evaporated from the body of water will increase sent25: water is a kind of substance
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] puddles of water are outside during the day [AND] if something is outside during the day then that something will receive sunlight [INFER] int1: puddles of water will receive sunlight [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] if something receives sunlight, it will increase in temperature [INFER] int2: the puddles of water will increase in temperature [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] temperature is a measure of heat energy [INFER] int3: the puddles of water will increase in heat energy [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] evaporation means a substance changes from a liquid into a gas by increasing heat energy [AND] water is a kind of substance [INFER] int4: the puddles of water will evaporate
Question: Puddles on a sidewalk are evaporating quickly. What most likely causes the puddles to evaporate?
Answer: heat
Hypothesis: the puddles of water will evaporate
Supporting facts: sent1: thermal energy is a kind of energy sent2: temperature changing can cause phase changes sent3: puddles of water are outside during the day sent4: increasing heat causes thermal expansion sent5: water is a kind of substance sent6: heat means the transfer of thermal energy sent7: adding heat means increasing temperature sent8: heat energy can be used to heat up an object sent9: as the specific heat of a material decreases , the temperature of the material will increase more given the same amount of energy sent10: temperature is a measure of kinetic energy of molecules sent11: sublimation means matter / a substance changes from a solid into a gas by increasing heat energy sent12: if heat is absorbed from a source then that heat source will cool sent13: as the surface area of a body of water increases , evaporation of that body of water will increase sent14: temperature is a measure of heat energy sent15: heat energy is synonymous with thermal energy sent16: as the amount of heat energy of a substance / of an object increases , the amount of kinetic energy will increase sent17: evaporation means a substance changes from a liquid into a gas by increasing heat energy sent18: if something receives sunlight, it will increase in temperature sent19: applying heat means adding heat energy sent20: as the temperature of an object increases , the size of that object will increase sent21: if something is outside during the day then that something will receive sunlight sent22: when a gas in an open container evaporates / boils , that gas spreads out into the air sent23: as the temperature of a chemical reaction increases , the rate of the chemical reaction will increase sent24: water is in the gas state , called water vapor / steam , for temperatures between 373 / 212 / 100 and 100000000000 k / f / c sent25: matter in the gas phase has variable volume
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] if something is outside during the day then that something will receive sunlight [AND] puddles of water are outside during the day [INFER] int1: puddles of water will receive sunlight [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] if something receives sunlight, it will increase in temperature [INFER] int2: the puddles of water will increase in temperature [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] temperature is a measure of heat energy [INFER] int3: the puddles of water will increase in heat energy [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] evaporation means a substance changes from a liquid into a gas by increasing heat energy [AND] water is a kind of substance [INFER] int4: the puddles of water will evaporate
Question: Which of the following sentences best explains what happens when puddles evaporate?
Answer: The water changes from one form to another.
Hypothesis: the water in the puddles changes from a state of matter to another state of matter when evaporating
Supporting facts: sent1: warm up means increase temperature sent2: evaporation is when water is drawn back up into the air in the water cycle sent3: phase means state sent4: temperature is a measure of kinetic energy of molecules sent5: if gas is heated then that gas will expand / rise sent6: evaporation means a substance changes from a liquid into a gas by increasing heat energy sent7: boiling point means temperature at which a liquid boils / above which a liquid boils sent8: chemical reactions cause new substances / different substances to form sent9: phase changes change the arrangement of molecules in a substance / in a sample sent10: heat energy is synonymous with thermal energy sent11: liquid is a kind of state of matter sent12: state means form sent13: heat means the transfer of thermal energy sent14: a puddle is a kind of body of water sent15: gas is a kind of state of matter sent16: water is a kind of substance sent17: if a substance is dissolved in another substance then that substance is added to that other substance sent18: energy transformation means one kind of energy changes into another kind of energy sent19: temperature change changes the volume of the object sent20: matter in the gas phase has variable volume sent21: state of matter is a property of matter and includes ordered values of solid / liquid / gas sent22: cooling means temperature decreases sent23: water is a kind of water phase sent24: matter in the gas phase has variable shape sent25: to change into means to form
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] water is a kind of substance [AND] evaporation means a substance changes from a liquid into a gas by increasing heat energy [INFER] int1: water evaporating means water changes from a liquid into a gas by increasing heat energy [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a puddle is a kind of body of water [INFER] int2: the water in the puddles changes from a liquid to gas when evaporating [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] liquid is a kind of state of matter [AND] gas is a kind of state of matter [INFER] int3: the water in the puddles changes from a state of matter to another state of matter when evaporating
Question: Water freezing is an example of a
Answer: liquid changing to a solid
Hypothesis: water freezing is when water changes from a liquid to a solid
Supporting facts: sent1: state of matter means physical state sent2: freezing means cold temperatures sent3: phase changes change the arrangement of molecules in a substance / in a sample sent4: colder / cooler means lower in temperature sent5: state means form sent6: temperature drop means become colder sent7: cooling means temperature decreases sent8: state of matter is a property of matter and includes ordered values of solid / liquid / gas sent9: matter in the liquid phase has variable shape sent10: freezing point is a property of a substance / material sent11: freezing means a substance changes from a liquid into a solid by decreasing heat energy sent12: temperature drop means cooling sent13: to become is similar to change into sent14: the freezing point of water / melting point of water is 32f / 0c / 273k sent15: temperature is a measure of kinetic energy of molecules sent16: matter in the solid phase has definite volume sent17: phase means state sent18: freezing point is similar to melting point sent19: matter in the solid phase has definite shape sent20: freezing point means temperature at which a liquid freezes / below which a liquid freezes sent21: water is a kind of substance sent22: physical state means state of matter sent23: frozen means solid sent24: state of matter is a kind of physical property sent25: stay the same means not changing
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] freezing means a substance changes from a liquid into a solid by decreasing heat energy [AND] water is a kind of substance [INFER] int1: water freezing is when water changes from a liquid to a solid
Question: Delilah put a container of water in the freezer and left it there overnight. The next morning she saw that the water in the container had changed to ice. Which of the following statements best explains why the water changed to ice?
Answer: Heat was taken away from the water.
Hypothesis: removing heat from water will change water from liquid water to ice
Supporting facts: sent1: water is in the solid state , called ice sent2: if heat is absorbed from a source then that heat source will cool sent3: water is a kind of substance sent4: evaporation causes amount of water to decrease sent5: state of matter is a property of matter and includes ordered values of solid / liquid / gas sent6: liquid is a kind of state of matter sent7: water is in the liquid state , called liquid water sent8: warm up means increase temperature sent9: deplete is similar to decrease sent10: cooling means removing heat sent11: stay the same means not changing sent12: as heat is transferred from something to something else , the temperature of that something will decrease sent13: heat means heat energy sent14: matter in the solid phase has definite shape sent15: when a cooler object touches a warmer object , thermal conduction occurs sent16: matter in the liquid phase has variable shape sent17: removing heat from water will decrease the heat energy in the water sent18: frozen means solid sent19: freezing causes a solid to form sent20: a freezer is used for cooling things sent21: state of matter means physical state sent22: heat means the transfer of thermal energy sent23: water is put in the freezer sent24: freezing means a substance changes from a liquid into a solid by decreasing heat energy sent25: freezing point means temperature at which a liquid freezes / below which a liquid freezes
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a freezer is used for cooling things [AND] water is put in the freezer [INFER] int1: the water will be cooled in the freezer [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] cooling means removing heat [INFER] int2: cooling water will remove the heat from water [BECAUSE] freezing means a substance changes from a liquid into a solid by decreasing heat energy [AND] water is a kind of substance [INFER] int3: decreasing heat energy in water will change water from a liquid into a solid [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] removing heat from water will decrease the heat energy in the water [INFER] int4: removing heat from the water will change water from a liquid to a solid [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] liquid is a kind of state of matter [AND] liquid is a kind of state of matter [INFER] int5: removing heat from the water will change water from a liquid state to a solid state [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] water is in the solid state , called ice [AND] water is in the liquid state , called liquid water [INFER] int6: removing heat from water will change water from liquid water to ice
Question: As a sample of water turns to ice,
Answer: the arrangement of the molecules changes.
Hypothesis: the arrangement of molecules in water is changed by a phase change
Supporting facts: sent1: matter in the solid phase has definite shape sent2: matter in the liquid phase has definite volume sent3: water is in the liquid state , called liquid water sent4: water turns into ice sent5: particles in a liquid are close to each other sent6: freezing point is a property of a substance / material sent7: ice is a kind of water phase sent8: if something is soluble in something , then that something can be dissolved in something forming a solution sent9: water is in the solid state , called ice sent10: matter in the liquid phase has variable shape sent11: freezing means matter / a substance changes from a liquid into a solid by decreasing heat energy sent12: freezing point means temperature at which a liquid freezes / below which a liquid freezes sent13: a solution is formed by one substance being dissolved in another substance sent14: freezing is a kind of phase change sent15: sample is similar to small amount of substance / matter / material sent16: if a substance is dissolved in another substance then that substance is added to that other substance sent17: a solution is made of one substance dissolved in another substance sent18: when one substance is dissolved in another substance then the molecules of that other substance exist in solution sent19: arrangement means how something is arranged sent20: if something is definite in shape then that something will not change shape easily sent21: the chemistry of something is similar to what that something is made of sent22: freezing causes a solid to form sent23: freezing means cold temperatures sent24: phase changes change the arrangement of molecules in a substance / in a sample sent25: water is a kind of polar substance
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] water is in the liquid state , called liquid water [AND] water turns into ice [AND] water is in the solid state , called ice [INFER] int1: water changes from a liquid to a solid [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] freezing means matter / a substance changes from a liquid into a solid by decreasing heat energy [INFER] int2: the water freezes [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] freezing is a kind of phase change [INFER] int3: water undergoes a phase change [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] phase changes change the arrangement of molecules in a substance / in a sample [INFER] int4: the arrangement of molecules in water is changed by a phase change
Question: Laura adds 50 mL of boiling water to 100 mL of ice water. If the 150 mL of water is then put into a freezer, at what temperature will the water freeze?
Answer: 0C
Hypothesis: the 150 ml water has a freezing point of 0 c
Supporting facts: sent1: liquid has a a lower melting point than solid sent2: melting is when solids are heated above their melting point sent3: melting is a kind of phase change sent4: the freezing point of water is 0 c sent5: state of matter is a property of matter and includes ordered values of solid / liquid / gas sent6: ice is a kind of solid sent7: freezing point is similar to melting point sent8: milliliters ml is a metric unit used for measuring volume generally used for values between 1 and 1000 sent9: as heat is transferred from something to something else , the temperature of that something will decrease sent10: freezing causes a solid to form sent11: volume is similar to amount sent12: freezing means cold temperatures sent13: matter in the solid phase has definite volume sent14: freezing point is a property of a substance / material sent15: cooling means temperature decreases sent16: melting point means temperature at which a solid melts / above which a solid melts sent17: ice is colder in temperature than water sent18: melting point is a property of a substance / material sent19: a phase change is when matter / a substance changes from one state of matter into another state of matter sent20: volume has no impact on boiling / melting / freezing point sent21: there is a 100 ml water sent22: cold means low in temperature sent23: if an object is placed in a substance / in a location that is colder then that object will cool to the same temperature of that substance / of that location sent24: mass has no impact on boiling / melting / freezing point sent25: there is a 150 ml water
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] there is a 100 ml water [AND] there is a 150 ml water [AND] milliliters ml is a metric unit used for measuring volume generally used for values between 1 and 1000 [INFER] int1: the 100 ml water and the 150 ml water have different volumes [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] volume has no impact on boiling / melting / freezing point [INFER] int2: different volumes have no impact on the freezing point of the 100ml water and 150 ml water [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] the freezing point of water is 0 c [INFER] int3: the 150 ml water has a freezing point of 0 c