ariesutiono/entailment-bank-v3 huggingface dataset:
Question: Louis Pasteur discovered that the bacteria in a substance can be killed by heating the substance for a short period of time. Which of these practices benefited most from Pasteur's discovery?
Answer: storing foods for longer periods of time
Hypothesis: heating food for a short time can help store foods for longer
Supporting facts: sent1: dead organisms are a kind of waste sent2: food is a kind of substance sent3: food spoiling has a negative impact on the health of the animal that eats that food sent4: if the bacteria in food are killed , then the food will be stored longer sent5: eating an animal / a plant means killing that animal / that plant sent6: if an organism eats something then that something is a source of frood to that organism sent7: continuation of a species means survival of that species sent8: eating something decreases the amount of that something sent9: preventing something decreases the amount of that something sent10: survival means to survive sent11: if something lasts longer then that something will not have to be replaced for a long time sent12: if something has a positive impact on the survival of an organism then that organism is likely going to survive sent13: destroying something causes harm to that something sent14: decay has a negative impact on a thing sent15: a bacterium is a kind of decomposer sent16: death means to die sent17: how long something takes is a kind of measurement of time sent18: all living things eliminate waste sent19: a decomposer is usually a bacterium / fungus sent20: dead means not alive sent21: if a living thing dies then that living thing is dead sent22: to preserve food means to keep fresh food from spoiling sent23: decomposition is when a decomposer breaks down dead organisms sent24: louis pasteur discovered that heating the substance for a short time can kill the bacteria inside sent25: positively impacting an organism 's survival increases the likelihood of survival of that organism
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] food is a kind of substance [AND] louis pasteur discovered that heating the substance for a short time can kill the bacteria inside [INFER] int1: heating food for a short time can kill the bacteria inside [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] if the bacteria in food are killed , then the food will be stored longer [INFER] int2: heating food for a short time can help store foods for longer
Question: Improvements in farming technology would most likely
Answer: increase the amount of food produced.
Hypothesis: the food produced by farming will increase
Supporting facts: sent1: farming produces food sent2: technology is used for application of science sent3: as the number of sources of food increase in an environment , the population of the organisms will increase in that environment sent4: increase means more sent5: if something has a positive impact on an organism 's growth then that something increases the population of that organism sent6: farming technology is used on farming sent7: as available resources increases , the population of an organism using those resources will increase sent8: growth means size / number / value / strength increases sent9: the increase of something required by an organism has a positive impact on that organism 's survival sent10: humans usually develop inventions that they require sent11: as a population of organisms decreases , the resources used by those organisms will increase sent12: farming technology is improved sent13: as the use of a crop increases , the amount of crops planted will increase sent14: developing means making sent15: if something has a positive impact on something else then increasing the amount of that something has a positive impact on that something else sent16: crops growing well has a positive impact on a farmer 's livelihood sent17: producing crops requires using farm land sent18: farming is a kind of process sent19: cropland is a kind of agricultural field sent20: food is a source of energy for animals / plants sent21: to increase is similar to to create sent22: planting crops requires growing crops sent23: to produce means to result in sent24: advances in technology sometimes cause human jobs to be replaced by more efficient machines sent25: if technology used for a process is improved then the product produced by that process will increase
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] farming produces food [AND] farming is a kind of process [INFER] int1: farming is a process of producing food [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] farming technology is used on farming [INFER] int2: farming technology is used on the process of producing food [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] if technology used for a process is improved then the product produced by that process will increase [INFER] int3: if farming technology is improved then the food produced by farming will increase [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] farming technology is improved [INFER] int4: the food produced by farming will increase
Question: Modern technology has had some positive and negative effects on society. Which would be a negative effect of advances in technology?
Answer: human jobs replaced by more efficient machines
Hypothesis: advances in technology decreasing human jobs by more efficient machines has a negative impact on human
Supporting facts: sent1: a negative impact is a kind of consequence / risk sent2: to convert means to change sent3: having a job has a positive impact on a human sent4: ability is a property of things and includes ordered values of able / unable / can / cannot sent5: to do a job means to perform a job sent6: to change means to have an effect sent7: making products for cheaper has a positive impact on manufacturing sent8: replacing something decreases that something sent9: function means job sent10: to be good for means to have a positive impact on sent11: to advance means to improve sent12: to work means to function sent13: technology is used for application of science sent14: decreasing something positive has a negative impact on a thing sent15: advances in technology sometimes cause human jobs to be replaced by more efficient machines sent16: a positive impact is a benefit sent17: humans usually develop inventions that they require sent18: to improve means to have a positive impact sent19: a machine is a kind of object sent20: advantage has a positive impact on something sent21: manufacturing means making sent22: to change means to cause a change sent23: useful means good to use sent24: if something has a negative impact on something else then increasing the amount of that something has a negative impact on that something else sent25: replacement means something that is replaced
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] advances in technology sometimes cause human jobs to be replaced by more efficient machines [AND] replacing something decreases that something [INFER] int1: advances in technology decrease human jobs by replacing them with efficient machines [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] decreasing something positive has a negative impact on a thing [AND] having a job has a positive impact on a human [INFER] int2: advances in technology decreasing human jobs by more efficient machines has a negative impact on human
Question: Which item is used for protection from chemical splashing?
Answer: safety goggles
Hypothesis: safety goggles can be used for protecting the eyes from chemical splashing
Supporting facts: sent1: as the ability to do something decreases , doing that something will be harder sent2: to protect means to defend sent3: chemical splashing can cause harm to humans / to the eyes sent4: a person should be careful about something dangerous sent5: damage means harm sent6: to be used for something means to help to do that something sent7: protecting a living thing has a positive impact on that living thing 's survival / health sent8: a face is often a part of an animal sent9: something is used for that something 's purpose sent10: to be in danger means to be around / to be near something dangerous sent11: to protect means to make safe sent12: safety goggles are used for protecting the eyes during experiments sent13: visible means able to be seen sent14: chemical splashing sometimes occurs during experiments sent15: avoiding something requires sensing that something sent16: danger has a negative impact on a thing sent17: to keep something from happening means to prevent that something sent18: chemicals means substances sent19: to prevent the occurence of an event means to decrease the occurence of the event sent20: to be used for something means to be required by that something sent21: harm means injury sent22: protecting is a kind of function sent23: preventing something decreases the amount of that something sent24: an example of being careful is avoiding danger sent25: harm means danger
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] chemical splashing sometimes occurs during experiments [AND] chemical splashing can cause harm to humans / to the eyes [INFER] int1: chemical splashing during experiments can cause harm to the eyes [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] safety goggles are used for protecting the eyes during experiments [INFER] int2: safety goggles can be used for protecting the eyes from chemical splashing
Question: What safety rule is most important for students to follow when working with acids and bases?
Answer: put on safety goggles
Hypothesis: safety goggles can be used to protect students' eyes from acids and bases
Supporting facts: sent1: flammability means the ability to be flammable sent2: polluting means something poisonous is added to an environment sent3: adding heat to something kills viruses / bacteria in that something sent4: toxic means poisonous sent5: filtration can be used for separating a mixture of a liquid and a solid sent6: high temperatures can cause an object to combust sent7: difficulty seeing means visibility decreases sent8: if a substance is mixed with another substance then those substances will undergo physical change sent9: avoiding is similar to preventing sent10: to combust means to catch fire sent11: the vomiting reflex is used to remove toxic material from the stomach before it is absorbed sent12: a base is corrosive sent13: corrosive substance can cause harm to the eyes sent14: preparing for an experiment in a laboratory requires practicing safety sent15: if a substance has a strong odor , then the substance has a high concentration of odor sent16: to be in danger means to be around / to be near something dangerous sent17: students have to work with acids and bases for experiments sent18: protecting something means preventing harm to that something sent19: acids are corrosive sent20: poison causes harm to living things / organisms sent21: safety goggles are used for protecting the eyes during experiments sent22: visible means able to be seen sent23: an acid is corrosive sent24: to be under the exposure of is similar to be subjected to sent25: avoiding something requires sensing that something
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a base is corrosive [AND] corrosive substance can cause harm to the eyes [AND] acids are corrosive [INFER] int1: acids and bases can cause harm to the eyes [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] students have to work with acids and bases for experiments [INFER] int2: acids and bases may cause harm to students' eyes during experiments [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] safety goggles are used for protecting the eyes during experiments [INFER] int3: safety goggles can be used to protect students' eyes from acids and bases
Question: Which graph is best to present data collected on yearly water usage in the United States?
Answer: line graph
Hypothesis: a line graph can be used to show yearly water usage in the usa
Supporting facts: sent1: recent means close to present time sent2: data means information sent3: measuring requires reading a measurement sent4: how long something takes is a kind of measurement of time sent5: length of time means period of time sent6: determining often requires measuring / observing sent7: 1 month is equal to 28-31 days sent8: to measure means to calculate sent9: period is similar to amount of time sent10: to be made of is similar to collection sent11: annual means once per year sent12: calculation means measurement sent13: a measure of time is a length of time sent14: measures of length / measures of distance are used to measure the amount of rainfall sent15: yearly means every year sent16: yearly water usage in the usa is collected and needed to be presented sent17: a line graph is used for showing change / data over time sent18: counting something usually requires seeing that something sent19: monthly means once per month sent20: observations / data are a part of the results of an experiment sent21: recording data is similar to showing data sent22: how many means what number sent23: water usage is a kind of data sent24: to collect means to gather sent25: information is used to describe something
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] yearly means every year [AND] yearly water usage in the usa is collected and needed to be presented [AND] water usage is a kind of data [INFER] int1: yearly water usage in the usa is a kind of data over time [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a line graph is used for showing change / data over time [INFER] int2: a line graph can be used to show yearly water usage in the usa
Question: The number of squirrels in a certain ecosystem changes over time. These changes can be represented as a number of connected data points. Which method would a student most likely use to show this information?
Answer: line graph
Hypothesis: the change in squirrels' population over time can be shown using a line graph through connected data points
Supporting facts: sent1: a forest is a kind of ecosystem sent2: amount is a property of something and includes ordered values of none / least / little / some / half / much / many / most / all sent3: recording data is similar to showing data sent4: learning / studying information causes one to know that information sent5: species means a group of like organisms sent6: if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something sent7: a line graph is used for showing change / data over time sent8: change is a kind of process sent9: a line graph is a kind of graph of connected data points sent10: studying is similar to observing sent11: the change in squirrels' population over time needs to be shown in a graph sent12: size is a property of objects and includes ordered values of microscopic / tiny / small / medium / large sent13: an environment is similar to an ecosystem sent14: an ecosystem contains nonliving things sent15: genes are able to determine the inherited characteristics of a living thing sent16: an organism is a living thing sent17: objects in an environment are a part of that environment sent18: data means information sent19: measuring sometimes requires recording / learning an amount sent20: location is a kind of information sent21: information is used to describe something sent22: an animal is a member of an animal species sent23: to observe means to gather information sent24: studying something usually requires seeing that something sent25: observe means see
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a line graph is used for showing change / data over time [AND] a line graph is a kind of graph of connected data points [INFER] int1: a line graph is used for showing change over time through connected data points [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] the change in squirrels' population over time needs to be shown in a graph [INFER] int2: the change in squirrels' population over time can be shown using a line graph through connected data points
Question: Drew was measuring the growth of a vine that can grow almost 31 cm a day. Which would be the best way to record his data of the growth over a period of a day?
Answer: a line graph
Hypothesis: a line graph an be used to show the data of the growth of the vine over a period of time
Supporting facts: sent1: length is a measure of distance from one end of an object to the other end of that object sent2: 1 month is equal to 28-31 days sent3: days ( d ) are a metric unit used for measuring time generally used for values between 1 and 365 sent4: length of time means period of time sent5: a line graph is used for showing change / data over time sent6: calculation means measurement sent7: investigating sometimes requires measuring sent8: information is used to describe something sent9: measuring is used for describing an object sent10: how long something takes is a kind of measurement of time sent11: size is a property of objects and includes ordered values of microscopic / tiny / small / medium / large sent12: length is a property of the shape of an object sent13: to measure means to calculate sent14: observations / data are a part of the results of an experiment sent15: approximately means about sent16: period is similar to amount of time sent17: data means information sent18: growing is when an animal 's height / mass / size increase sent19: recording is similar to measuring sent20: testing often requires measuring sent21: calculating is similar to estimating sent22: property is similar to measurement sent23: days are a kind of unit for measuring time sent24: determining often requires measuring / observing sent25: a student wants to record the data of the growth of a vine over a period of a day
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] days are a kind of unit for measuring time [AND] a student wants to record the data of the growth of a vine over a period of a day [INFER] int1: the student wants to record the data of the growth of a vine over a period of time [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a line graph is used for showing change / data over time [INFER] int2: a line graph an be used to show the data of the growth of the vine over a period of time
Question: Deer eat different types of plants in an ecosystem. Which method would best show the percentages of the plant types in the deer diet?
Answer: pie chart
Hypothesis: the percentages of the plant types in the deer diet can be shown in a pie chart
Supporting facts: sent1: traits can be determined by one pair / many pairs of genes in an organism sent2: size is a property of objects and includes ordered values of microscopic / tiny / small / medium / large sent3: an example of collecting data is measuring sent4: a plant is a member of a plant species sent5: variety means different kinds / different types sent6: recording data is similar to showing data sent7: amount is a property of something and includes ordered values of none / least / little / some / half / much / many / most / all sent8: a pie chart is a kind of graph sent9: measuring sometimes requires recording / learning an amount sent10: eating / digestion is when an organism takes in nutrients from food into itself by eating sent11: an animal requires enough nutrients to maintain good health / survive sent12: a measurement is a kind of data sent13: amount is similar to abundance sent14: classifying means grouping objects / materials by their properties sent15: if the amount of / quantity of something stops decreasing then the amount of / quantity of that something may increase sent16: as the size of a source of something increases , the amount of something that source produces will decrease sent17: the amount of something is similar to the availability of something sent18: data means information sent19: diet means what an animal eats sent20: determining the type of an organism requires having information about that organism sent21: as the amount of a source of something decreases , the amount of that something will decrease sent22: genes are able to determine the inherited characteristics of a living thing sent23: counting something usually requires seeing that something sent24: the percentages of the plant types in the deer diet need to be shown in a graph sent25: a pie chart is used for showing percentages
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the percentages of the plant types in the deer diet need to be shown in a graph [AND] a pie chart is used for showing percentages [AND] a pie chart is a kind of graph [INFER] int1: the percentages of the plant types in the deer diet can be shown in a pie chart
Question: Students want to plant a lemon tree at their school, but the cold winter temperatures in Massachusetts would kill the tree. Which of the following is the best solution to this problem?
Answer: building a greenhouse to shelter the lemon tree
Hypothesis: a greenhouse can be used to protect the lemon trees by keeping them warm
Supporting facts: sent1: decreasing something negative has a positive impact on a thing sent2: protecting is a kind of function sent3: harming an organism can cause that organism to die sent4: if a living thing is destroyed then the resources used by that living thing will become available sent5: roots are a part of a plant / tree sent6: winter is when a hemisphere is tilted away from the sun sent7: plant is a kind of oragnism sent8: to prevent the occurence of an event means to decrease the occurence of the event sent9: a lack of something that a living thing requires prevents the survival of that living thing sent10: a plant requires a specific climate to grow and survive sent11: if something has a negative impact on the survival of an organism then that organism may be unable to survive sent12: a greenhouse is used to protect plants by keeping them warm sent13: a plant requires sunlight to grow sent14: positively impacting an organism 's survival increases the likelihood of survival of that organism sent15: if a leaf falls off of a tree then that leaf is dead sent16: a part of a living thing is a natural structure sent17: helping something has a positive impact on that something sent18: to keep something from happening means to prevent that something sent19: to prevent means to make it not happen sent20: if something has a positive impact on the survival of an organism then that organism is likely going to survive sent21: preventing something decreases the amount of that something sent22: cold temperatures usually have a negative impact on organisms sent23: survival means to survive sent24: a lemon tree is a kind of plant sent25: avoiding is similar to preventing
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a lemon tree is a kind of plant [AND] plant is a kind of oragnism [INFER] int1: a lemon tree is a kind of organism [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] cold temperatures usually have a negative impact on organisms [INFER] int2: cold temperatures have a negative impact on the lemon trees [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] a greenhouse is used to protect plants by keeping them warm [AND] a lemon tree is a kind of plant [INFER] int3: a greenhouse can be used to protect the lemon trees by keeping them warm