ariesutiono/entailment-bank-v3 huggingface dataset:
Question: Noah visited a park that had many oak trees. Which best describes the role of an oak tree in its ecosystem?
Answer: Oak trees are a source of food and shelter for animals.
Hypothesis: an oak tree is a source of food and shelter for animals
Supporting facts: sent1: to eat means to consume food sent2: a tree is a source of shelter for animals in an ecosystem sent3: where something comes from is a source of that something sent4: an oak is a kind of tree sent5: an animal needs to eat food for nutrients sent6: a tree is a kind of plant sent7: an animal / living thing requires nutrients for survival sent8: some species of tree are deciduous sent9: an animal requires nutrients to grow and heal sent10: an animal requires enough nutrients to maintain good health / survive sent11: to provide something means to be the source of that something sent12: a tree is a kind of habitat sent13: eating / taking in food is used to get nutrients / energy by animals / living things sent14: the properties of something are used for describing that something sent15: food contains nutrients for living things sent16: if something performs a task then that task is that something 's function sent17: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent18: to have a function is similar to to be responsible for sent19: to be used for something means to help to do that something sent20: if a living thing requires something then that something has a positive impact on that living thing sent21: a forest contains lots of plants / trees sent22: a source of something provides that something sent23: green plants provide food for themselves / animals / consumers by performing photosynthesis sent24: role means function sent25: an animal is a kind of consumer
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a source of something provides that something [AND] green plants provide food for themselves / animals / consumers by performing photosynthesis [INFER] int1: green plants are a source of food for animals [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a tree is a kind of plant [INFER] int2: a tree is a source of food for animals [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] a tree is a source of shelter for animals in an ecosystem [INFER] int3: a tree is a source of food and shelter for animals [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] an oak is a kind of tree [INFER] int4: an oak tree is a source of food and shelter for animals
Question: Since green plants make their own food, they are called
Answer: producers
Hypothesis: green plants are a kind of producer
Supporting facts: sent1: food contains nutrients for living things sent2: nutrients are a source of energy for living things sent3: food contains carbohydrates sent4: to give off means to be the source of sent5: photosynthesizing means performing photosynthesis sent6: to provide something means to be the source of that something sent7: the photosynthetic life performs photosynthesis sent8: consumers eat other organisms sent9: to produce something means to make something sent10: green plants make their own food sent11: producers pass materials they use through the food chain sent12: crops are a kind of edible plant for eating sent13: if an organism can do something , then that organism is able to do that something sent14: a plant requires photosynthesis to grow / survive sent15: to produce means to provide sent16: in the food chain process herbivores have the role of primary consumer which eats producers for food sent17: production is similar to making sent18: a producer produces its own food sent19: to generate means to create sent20: grass is a kind of green plant sent21: to create means to make sent22: to produce means to create sent23: plant uptake is when plants absorb nutrients / water from soil into themselves through their roots sent24: food is a source of energy for animals / plants sent25: where something comes from is a source of that something
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a producer produces its own food [AND] to produce something means to make something [INFER] int1: a producer makes its own food [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] green plants make their own food [INFER] int2: green plants are a kind of producer
Question: Plankton are tiny ocean organisms. The role of one type of plankton is to use the energy from the Sun to produce food that other animals eat. Which organism has the same role in the ocean as this type of plankton?
Answer: seaweed
Hypothesis: in the food chain process some plankton and seaweed have the same role
Supporting facts: sent1: a plant requires photosynthesis to grow / survive sent2: in the food chain process herbivores have the role of primary consumer which eats producers for food sent3: a producer produces its own food sent4: if two things perform the same function then those two things are similar sent5: a producer is a source of energy for consumers sent6: if something performs a task then that task is that something 's function sent7: a plant is a member of a plant species sent8: if two things both have a certain role then those two things have the same role sent9: usually plants store the food they produce for future use sent10: the role of one type of plankton is to produce food sent11: producing something is a kind of method for providing something sent12: algae is a kind of plant sent13: an animal is a kind of consumer sent14: food contains carbohydrates sent15: seaweed is a kind of plant sent16: a leaf performs photosynthesis / gas exchange sent17: vegetation means plants sent18: green plants provide food for themselves / animals / consumers by performing photosynthesis sent19: sea organism is similar to water animal and water plant sent20: green marine algae are a kind of producer sent21: role means function sent22: a tree is a kind of plant sent23: producer is a kind of role in the food chain process / in an ecosystem sent24: a producer is a source of sugar / food energy in an ecosystem sent25: consumers eat other organisms
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] producer is a kind of role in the food chain process / in an ecosystem [AND] a producer produces its own food [INFER] int1: producer is a kind of role in the food chain system that produces food [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] the role of one type of plankton is to produce food [INFER] int2: in the food chain process some types of plankton have the role of producer [BECAUSE] producer is a kind of role in the food chain process / in an ecosystem [AND] a producer produces its own food [INFER] int3: producer is a kind of role in the food chain process that produces food [BECAUSE] producing something is a kind of method for providing something [AND] green plants provide food for themselves / animals / consumers by performing photosynthesis [INFER] int4: green plants produce food for themselves / animals / consumers [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] int4 [INFER] int5: in the food chain process a green plant has the role of producer [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] seaweed is a kind of plant [INFER] int6: in the food chain process seaweed has the role of producer [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] int6 [INFER] int7: in the food chain process some plankton and seaweed both have the role of producer [BECAUSE] int7 [AND] if two things both have a certain role then those two things have the same role [INFER] int8: in the food chain process some plankton and seaweed have the same role
Question: In a meadow ecosystem, mice receive most of the energy they need to survive directly from which of the following sources?
Answer: plants
Hypothesis: mice get energy from plants
Supporting facts: sent1: a mouse is a kind of herbivore sent2: amount is a property of something and includes ordered values of none / least / little / some / half / much / many / most / all sent3: carbohydrates are used for storing / transporting energy sent4: food is a source of energy for animals sent5: herbivore means first-level consumer sent6: photosynthesis is a source of / makes food / energy for the plant by converting carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight into carbohydrates sent7: usually plants store the food they produce for future use sent8: if an organism eats something then that something is a source of food to that organism sent9: as the population of plants decreases , the population of herbivores will decrease sent10: mice live in in holes under the ground in fields / in forests sent11: many animals are herbivores sent12: to graze means to eat grass sent13: herbivores only eat plants sent14: consumers eat other organisms sent15: an animal is a kind of consumer sent16: meadow voles eat plants / insects sent17: plant uptake is when plants absorb nutrients / water from soil into themselves through their roots sent18: remaining energy not used by plants or transferred to consumers is released into the ecosystem as heat sent19: producers are a source of food resource for primary consumers sent20: a producer is a source of sugar / food energy in an ecosystem sent21: a producer produces its own food sent22: energy flows in an ecosystem through food chains sent23: one can get something from a source sent24: a mouse is a kind of animal sent25: carnivores sometimes eat herbivores
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] herbivores only eat plants [AND] if an organism eats something then that something is a source of food to that organism [INFER] int1: plants are a source of food to herbivores [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a mouse is a kind of herbivore [INFER] int2: plants are a source of food to mice [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] a mouse is a kind of animal [AND] food is a source of energy for animals [INFER] int3: plants are a source of energy to mice [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] one can get something from a source [INFER] int4: mice get energy from plants
Question: The primary reason that plants are important for an ecosystem is because they
Answer: provide energy for consumers.
Hypothesis: producers are important to an ecosystem because they provide energy to consumers
Supporting facts: sent1: a role in the ecosystem is a role in the food chain process sent2: a producer produces its own food sent3: organisms are a part of an ecosystem sent4: eating / taking in food is used to get nutrients / energy by animals / living things sent5: food contains nutrients for living things sent6: a required resource being low in availability has a negative impact on the something that requires that resource sent7: nutrients are a source of energy for living things sent8: crops are a kind of edible plant for eating sent9: green plants are a kind of producer sent10: living things all require energy for survival sent11: to produce means to provide sent12: if a living thing requires something then that something has a positive impact on that living thing sent13: a consumer is a kind of living thing sent14: food is a source of energy for animals / plants sent15: energy flows in an ecosystem through food chains sent16: a consumer is a kind of organism sent17: food is a kind of resource sent18: if something is required for a process then that something positively impacts that process sent19: to eat means to consume food sent20: green plants provide food for consumers by performing photosynthesis sent21: in the food chain process herbivores have the role of primary consumer which eats producers for food sent22: if something is important to a part of a thing then that something is important to that whole thing sent23: eating / digestion is when an organism takes in nutrients from food into itself by eating sent24: if something requires something else then that something else is important to that something sent25: a producer is a source of sugar / food energy in an ecosystem
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] green plants provide food for consumers by performing photosynthesis [AND] green plants are a kind of producer [INFER] int1: green plants provide food for consumers [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] food is a source of energy for animals / plants [INFER] int2: producers provide energy for consumers [BECAUSE] living things all require energy for survival [AND] a consumer is a kind of living thing [INFER] int3: all consumers require energy for survival [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] if something requires something else then that something else is important to that something [INFER] int4: energy is important to consumers [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] int4 [INFER] int5: producers are important to consumers because they provide energy to consumers [BECAUSE] a consumer is a kind of organism [AND] organisms are a part of an ecosystem [INFER] int6: consumers are a part of an ecosystem [BECAUSE] int6 [AND] if something is important to a part of a thing then that something is important to that whole thing [INFER] int7: if something is important to consumers then that something is important to an ecosystem [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] int7 [INFER] int8: producers are important to an ecosystem because they provide energy to consumers
Question: Plants transform energy when they make their own food. Which type of energy is used by plants for making food?
Answer: light
Hypothesis: sunight is a kind of energy that plants use to make food
Supporting facts: sent1: if something generates energy for something else then that something powers that something else sent2: a plant requires sunlight for photosynthesis sent3: creating means making sent4: intensity of sunlight is similar to amount of sunlight sent5: to illuminate means to light up sent6: plant cells can perform photosynthesis sent7: sunlight means solar energy sent8: photosynthesis is a kind of chemical process sent9: a leaf absorbs sunlight to perform photosynthesis sent10: if something emits something else then that something increases the amount of that something else sent11: darkness has a negative impact on photosynthesis sent12: sunlight shining means sunlight is provided sent13: sunlight is a kind of light sent14: a plant requires photosynthesis to grow / survive sent15: if something is required by a living thing to perform a process then that living thing uses that something to perform that process sent16: photosynthesizing means performing photosynthesis sent17: daylight means sunlight sent18: light is a kind of energy sent19: bright means a lot of light sent20: the sun is a source of light / light energy called sunlight sent21: photosynthesis makes food for the plant by converting carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight into carbohydrates sent22: a plant requires sunlight to grow sent23: light means light energy sent24: the sun is the source of solar energy called sunlight sent25: visible light is a kind of light
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] if something is required by a living thing to perform a process then that living thing uses that something to perform that process [AND] photosynthesis is a kind of chemical process [INFER] int1: if something is required by a living thing to perform photosynthesis then that living thing uses that something to perform photosynthesis [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a plant requires sunlight for photosynthesis [INFER] int2: a plant uses sunlight for photosynthesis [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] photosynthesis makes food for the plant by converting carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight into carbohydrates [INFER] int3: a plant uses sunlight for photosynthesis to make food [BECAUSE] sunlight is a kind of light [AND] light is a kind of energy [INFER] int4: sunlight is a kind of energy [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] int4 [INFER] int5: sunight is a kind of energy that plants use to make food
Question: All living organisms are dependent on plants because plants
Answer: are producers
Hypothesis: all living things are dependent on plants because plants are a kind of producer
Supporting facts: sent1: green plants provide food for themselves / animals / consumers by performing photosynthesis sent2: if a living thing requires something for survival then that living thing is dependent on that something sent3: high quality / rich / good soil has a high number of nutrients / amount of nitrogen sent4: a role in the ecosystem is a role in the food chain process sent5: consumers eat other organisms sent6: crops are a kind of edible plant for eating sent7: a plant requires photosynthesis to grow / survive sent8: fruit trees are a kind of crop sent9: producers pass materials they use through the food chain sent10: if something requires something else then that something requires a source of that something else sent11: a producer produces its own food sent12: soil provides nutrients for plants sent13: eating / digestion is when an organism takes in nutrients from food into itself by eating sent14: photosynthesis is a source of / makes food / energy for the plant by converting carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight into carbohydrates sent15: in the food chain process herbivores have the role of primary consumer which eats producers for food sent16: to produce means to provide sent17: producers are a source of food energy in an ecosystem sent18: living things are a part of an ecosystem sent19: food is a source of energy for animals / plants sent20: living things all require energy for survival sent21: food contains nutrients for living things sent22: nutrients are a source of energy for living things sent23: to provide something can mean to produce something sent24: plant uptake is when plants absorb nutrients / water from soil into themselves through their roots sent25: food is a kind of resource
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] producers are a source of food energy in an ecosystem [AND] living things are a part of an ecosystem [INFER] int1: producers are a source of food energy for living things [BECAUSE] if something requires something else then that something requires a source of that something else [AND] living things all require energy for survival [INFER] int2: living things all require a source of energy for survival [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: living things all require a producers for survival [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] if a living thing requires something for survival then that living thing is dependent on that something [INFER] int4: all living things are dependent on producers [BECAUSE] green plants provide food for themselves / animals / consumers by performing photosynthesis [AND] to provide something can mean to produce something [INFER] int5: green plants produce food for themselves / animals / consumers [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] a producer produces its own food [INFER] int6: green plants are a kind of producer [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] int6 [INFER] int7: all living things are dependent on plants because plants are a kind of producer
Question: Which of the following would most likely happen if grasses and shrubs were removed from a rural Massachusetts ecosystem?
Answer: There would be a decrease in food energy produced by the ecosystem.
Hypothesis: if grass and shrubs are removed then the amount of food energy produced in that ecosystem decreases
Supporting facts: sent1: soil contains nutrients for plants sent2: grass is a kind of green plant sent3: producers are a source of food resource for primary consumers sent4: as a population of organisms increases , the resources used by those organisms will decrease sent5: as the amount of nutrients in soil decreases , the crop production will decrease sent6: a required resource being low in availability has a negative impact on the something that requires that resource sent7: if something is eliminated then the amount of that something decreases sent8: a shrub is a kind of plant sent9: removing something is a kind of method for eliminating something sent10: using biomass to produce energy is a source of pollution sent11: green plants are a kind of producer sent12: an ecosystem is a kind of habitat sent13: the decrease of something required by an organism has a negative impact on that organism 's survival / that organism 's ability sent14: decreasing something positive has a negative impact on a thing sent15: as the population of plants decreases , the population of herbivores will decrease sent16: if the nutrients in soil is removed , then the carrying capacity of soil for plant will be reduced sent17: a producer is a source of food energy in an ecosystem sent18: plants are a part of the environment sent19: a plant / living thing requires nutrients to grow sent20: as the size of a source of something increases , the amount of something that source produces will decrease sent21: removing an inhibitor of a process causes that process sent22: a source of something produces that something sent23: an ecosystem contains nonliving things sent24: a producer is a source of energy for consumers sent25: energy flows in an ecosystem through food chains
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] grass is a kind of green plant [AND] a shrub is a kind of plant [INFER] int1: grass and shrubs are kinds of plants [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] green plants are a kind of producer [INFER] int2: grass and shrubs are kinds of producers [BECAUSE] a source of something produces that something [AND] if something is eliminated then the amount of that something decreases [INFER] int3: if a source of something is eliminated then the amount of that something that is produced decreases [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] a producer is a source of food energy in an ecosystem [INFER] int4: if a producer is eliminated then the amount of food energy produced in an ecosystem decreases [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] int4 [INFER] int5: if grass and shrubs are eliminated then the amount of food energy produced in that ecosystem decreases [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] removing something is a kind of method for eliminating something [INFER] int6: if grass and shrubs are removed then the amount of food energy produced in that ecosystem decreases
Question: Which of the following organisms produces energy from sunlight?
Answer: grass
Hypothesis: grass produces energy from sunlight
Supporting facts: sent1: grass is a kind of green plant sent2: plant cells can perform photosynthesis sent3: to provide something means to be the source of that something sent4: soil contains nutrients for plants sent5: photosynthesis stores / captures energy sent6: photosynthesizing means performing photosynthesis sent7: food contains nutrients for living things sent8: photosynthesis is a source of energy for the plant by converting carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight into carbohydrates sent9: nutrients are a source of energy for living things sent10: green plants perform photosynthesis to provide food for themselves sent11: the photosynthetic life performs photosynthesis sent12: a plant requires photosynthesis to grow / survive sent13: a source of something produces that something sent14: producers are a source of food resource for primary consumers sent15: if a process produces a thing by converting something into something else then that process produces that thing from that something sent16: a plant absorbs carbon dioxide from the air to perform photosynthesis sent17: photosynthesis is a kind of chemical process sent18: sunlight means solar energy sent19: where something comes from is a source of that something sent20: a grassland is a kind of environment sent21: food contains carbohydrates sent22: a producer is a source of sugar / food energy in an ecosystem sent23: to give off means to be the source of sent24: food is a source of energy for plants sent25: to produce means to create
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] green plants perform photosynthesis to provide food for themselves [AND] food is a source of energy for plants [INFER] int1: green plants perform photosynthesis to provide energy for themselves [BECAUSE] a source of something produces that something [AND] photosynthesis is a source of energy for the plant by converting carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight into carbohydrates [INFER] int2: photosynthesis produces energy by converting carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight into carbohydrates [BECAUSE] if a process produces a thing by converting something into something else then that process produces that thing from that something [AND] photosynthesis is a kind of chemical process [INFER] int3: if photosynthesis produces a thing by converting something into something else then that photosynthesis produces that thing from that something [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] int3 [INFER] int4: photosynthesis produces energy from sunlight [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int4 [INFER] int5: green plants produce energy from sunlight [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] grass is a kind of green plant [INFER] int6: grass produces energy from sunlight