ariesutiono/entailment-bank-v3 huggingface dataset:
Question: An ecosystem is a community of organisms interacting with their physical environment. Why are decomposers an important part of ecosystems?
Answer: They break down dead organisms to return nutrients to the soil.
Hypothesis: decomposers breaking down dead organisms to return nutrients to soil is important for an ecosystem
Supporting facts: sent1: green plants are a kind of producer sent2: plant uptake is when plants absorb nutrients / water from soil into themselves through their roots sent3: a plant is a kind of organism sent4: an ecosystem contains nonliving things sent5: plants are a part of an ecosystem sent6: if something has the ability to do something else , then that something can do that something else sent7: decomposition is when a decomposer recycles / returns nutrients / nitrogen from dead organisms to the soil by eating those dead organisms sent8: to have a function is similar to to be responsible for sent9: to decompose means to decay sent10: if something requires something else then that something else is important to that something sent11: soil provides nutrients for plants sent12: plants are a part of the environment sent13: break down means change from a whole into pieces sent14: decomposition is when a decomposer breaks down dead organisms sent15: an environment is similar to an ecosystem sent16: high quality / rich / good soil has a high number of nutrients / amount of nitrogen sent17: a plant requires nutrients for survival sent18: returning is similar to adding sent19: roots are a vehicle for absorbing water and nutrients from soil into the plant sent20: an environment is a kind of place sent21: renewing soil increases the nutrients in soil sent22: a community is made of many types of organisms in an area sent23: nutrients are a source of energy for living things sent24: if an organism can do something , then that organism is able to do that something sent25: the earth contains many ecosystems
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] soil provides nutrients for plants [AND] a plant requires nutrients for survival [INFER] int1: plants require nutrients in soil for survival [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] if something requires something else then that something else is important to that something [INFER] int2: nutrients in soil are important to plants [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] plants are a part of an ecosystem [INFER] int3: nutrients in soil are important for an ecosystem [BECAUSE] decomposition is when a decomposer breaks down dead organisms [AND] decomposition is when a decomposer recycles / returns nutrients / nitrogen from dead organisms to the soil by eating those dead organisms [INFER] int4: a decomposer breaks down dead organisms to return nutrients to soil [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] int4 [INFER] int5: decomposers breaking down dead organisms to return nutrients to soil is important for an ecosystem
Question: Rolanda is growing tomato plants in her garden. She has created a compost pile and has been adding compost around her tomato plants to help fertilize them. Compost is solid waste in which organic material is broken down by microorganisms in the presence of oxygen to where it can be safely stored, handled, and applied to the environment. On what does Rolanda primarily rely in order for composting to work?
Answer: decomposers
Hypothesis: compost relies on decomposers to work
Supporting facts: sent1: to decompose means to separate sent2: decomposition increases amount of organic matter in soil sent3: an organism is a source of organic material sent4: if something has the ability to do something else , then that something can do that something else sent5: decomposition is a kind of process sent6: decomposition is when a decomposer breaks down dead organisms sent7: the function of something is what that something is used to do sent8: process is similar to method sent9: decomposing is similar to separating sent10: helping means something can be done / completed more easily / better sent11: if something performs a process then that process relies on that something sent12: separate is similar to break down sent13: compost is solid waste in which organic material is broken down by microorganisms sent14: to decompose means to decay sent15: if something performs a task then that task is that something 's function sent16: an organism is made of organic matter sent17: dissolving is similar to breaking down sent18: a microorganism is a kind of decomposer sent19: something is used for that something 's purpose sent20: processes sometimes produce waste products sent21: decomposers perform decomposition sent22: to depend on / to rely on / to need means to require sent23: a part of a process means a stage in a process sent24: the ability to do means be able to do sent25: to convert means to change
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] an organism is a source of organic material [AND] decomposition is when a decomposer breaks down dead organisms [INFER] int1: decomposition is when a decomposer breaks down organic material [BECAUSE] compost is solid waste in which organic material is broken down by microorganisms [AND] a microorganism is a kind of decomposer [INFER] int2: compost is solid waste in which organic material is broken down by decomposers [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: compost is a solid waste in which decomposition occurs [BECAUSE] if something performs a process then that process relies on that something [AND] decomposers perform decomposition [AND] decomposition is a kind of process [INFER] int4: decomposition relies on decomposers [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] int4 [INFER] int5: compost relies on decomposers to work
Question: In a forest community, trees produce leaves that can be eaten by deer. The leaves also fall to the forest floor during autumn. Fungi break the leaves down into nutrients that enter the soil. What is the decomposer in this forest community?
Answer: the fungi
Hypothesis: in the food chain process fungi have the role of decomposer
Supporting facts: sent1: if an organism eats something then that something is a source of frood to that organism sent2: fungi break down fallen leaves into nutrients that enter the soil sent3: to decompose means to separate sent4: a forest is a kind of environment sent5: decomposition increases the amount of nutrients / nitrogen in the soil sent6: a plant is a kind of organism sent7: if an object / a substance makes something then that object / that substance is a source of that thing sent8: eating something decreases the amount of that something sent9: if something is a source of something else then that something usually contains that something else sent10: fungi are part of the biological kingdom fungi sent11: a plant is a member of a plant species sent12: break down means change from a whole into pieces sent13: break apart means break down sent14: decomposition is when a decomposer recycles / returns nutrients / nitrogen from dead organisms to the soil by eating those dead organisms sent15: to decompose means to decay sent16: eating an animal / a plant means killing that animal / that plant sent17: a microorganism is a kind of decomposer sent18: decomposer is a kind of role in the food chain process / in an ecosystem sent19: a community is made of many types of organisms in an area sent20: a leaf is a part of a green plant sent21: if a leaf falls off of a tree then that leaf is dead sent22: fall means autumn sent23: decomposition is when a decomposer breaks down dead organisms sent24: fungi absorb nutrients from decaying tissue sent25: decomposing is similar to separating
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a leaf is a part of a green plant [AND] a plant is a kind of organism [INFER] int1: a leaf is a kind of organism [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] if a leaf falls off of a tree then that leaf is dead [INFER] int2: a fallen leaf is a kind of dead organism [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] fungi break down fallen leaves into nutrients that enter the soil [INFER] int3: fungi break down dead organisms into nutrients that enter the soil [BECAUSE] decomposition is when a decomposer recycles / returns nutrients / nitrogen from dead organisms to the soil by eating those dead organisms [AND] decomposition is when a decomposer breaks down dead organisms [INFER] int4: decomposition is when a decomposer breaks down dead organisms into nutrients and returns them to the soil [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] decomposer is a kind of role in the food chain process / in an ecosystem [INFER] int5: decomposer is a kind of role in the food chain process in which an organism breaks down dead organisms into nutrients and returns them to the soil [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] int5 [INFER] int6: in the food chain process fungi have the role of decomposer
Question: Which of the following best describes a role of mushrooms in ecosystems?
Answer: breaking down dead plant material
Hypothesis: the role of a mushroom is to break down dead plants
Supporting facts: sent1: purpose means role sent2: in the food chain process bacteria have the role of decomposer sent3: in the food chain process fungi have the role of decomposer sent4: decomposition increases the amount of nutrients / nitrogen in the soil sent5: a mushroom is a kind of fungus sent6: a plant is a member of a plant species sent7: dissolving is similar to breaking down sent8: a plant is a kind of organism sent9: decomposition is when a decomposer breaks down dead organisms sent10: a description sometimes provides information sent11: to decompose means to separate sent12: break down means change from a whole into pieces sent13: decomposing is similar to separating sent14: fungi is a kind of biological kingdom sent15: fungi are part of the biological kingdom fungi sent16: to decompose means to decay sent17: break apart means break down sent18: role means function sent19: fungi are sometimes single-celled organisms sent20: fungi absorb nutrients from decaying tissue sent21: including means containing sent22: decomposer is a kind of role in the food chain process / in an ecosystem sent23: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent24: mold is a kind of fungus sent25: if an object breaks off of another object then that object is formed from the same materials as that other object
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] in the food chain process fungi have the role of decomposer [AND] a mushroom is a kind of fungus [INFER] int1: in the food chain process a mushroom has the role of decomposer [BECAUSE] decomposer is a kind of role in the food chain process / in an ecosystem [AND] decomposition is when a decomposer breaks down dead organisms [INFER] int2: the role of a decomposer is to break down dead organisms [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: the role of a mushroom is to break down dead organisms [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] a plant is a kind of organism [INFER] int4: the role of a mushroom is to break down dead plants
Question: Decomposers increase the fertility of the soil and prevent dead organisms from building up in the environment. In which way do decomposers make the soil more fertile?
Answer: by adding nitrogen
Hypothesis: decomposers make fertile soil by adding nitrogen to soil
Supporting facts: sent1: high quality / rich / good soil has a high number of nutrients / amount of nitrogen sent2: reproduction increases the number / population of a living thing sent3: photosynthesis means producers / green plants convert from carbon dioxide and water and solar energy into carbohydrates and food and oxygen for themselves sent4: remains mean parts of a dead organism sent5: decomposition is when a decomposer recycles / returns nutrients / nitrogen from dead organisms to the soil by eating those dead organisms sent6: the nitrogen cycle is a cyclical process, with stages of nitrogen fixation, nitrification, assimilation, ammonification, denitrification sent7: renewing soil increases the nutrients in soil sent8: soil is found on the the surface of the earth sent9: fertile soil is high in quality sent10: an ecosystem contains a large community of / large numbers of living organisms sent11: to give off means to be the source of sent12: to convert means to change sent13: converting is similar to producing sent14: if something causes an increase in something else then that something produces that something else sent15: as the amount of organic matter in soil increases , the soil will be better for the growth of plants sent16: to be a source of something means to cause that something sent17: sunlight means solar energy sent18: decomposition is a stage in the nutrient recycling process sent19: if something is returned to a place then that something is added to that place sent20: soil fertility means the ability of soil to sustain plant growth sent21: to decompose means to decay sent22: where something comes from is a source of that something sent23: soil provides nutrients for plants sent24: to add means to combine sent25: producing is similar to causing
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] if something is returned to a place then that something is added to that place [AND] decomposition is when a decomposer recycles / returns nutrients / nitrogen from dead organisms to the soil by eating those dead organisms [INFER] int1: decomposers add nitrogen to soil using decomposition [BECAUSE] high quality / rich / good soil has a high number of nutrients / amount of nitrogen [AND] fertile soil is high in quality [INFER] int2: fertile soil is high in amount of nitrogen [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: decomposers make fertile soil by adding nitrogen to soil
Question: Living things are classified as producers or consumers according to
Answer: how they obtain food
Hypothesis: producers and consumers are organisms that can be classified by how they obtain food
Supporting facts: sent1: eating other organisms is a kind of method for obtaining food sent2: a kind of something is an example of that something sent3: producing food is a kind of method for obtaining food sent4: to classify means to decide what class something belongs to sent5: if something is given off of something , then something is the product of something sent6: classification is a kind of process sent7: where something comes from is a source of that something sent8: consumers eat other organisms sent9: producer is a kind of role in the food chain process / in an ecosystem sent10: to tell the difference between things means to classify those things sent11: if something comes from something else then that something else is a source of that something sent12: an object / material / substance comes from that object or material 's source sent13: food is what an animal eats sent14: a consumer can not produce its own food sent15: to categorize means to classify sent16: classifying requires comparing sent17: classifying is when one sorts something by kind / type sent18: classify is similar to characterize sent19: a producer is a kind of organism sent20: a producer produces its own food sent21: a producer is a source of energy for consumers sent22: a kind of something is classified as that something sent23: a consumer is a kind of organism sent24: a type of something is a kind of property of that something sent25: consumption means use
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a producer is a kind of organism [AND] a producer produces its own food [INFER] int1: a producer is a kind of organism that produces its own food [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] producing food is a kind of method for obtaining food [INFER] int2: a producer is a kind of organism that obtains food by producing its own food [BECAUSE] a consumer is a kind of organism [AND] consumers eat other organisms [INFER] int3: a consumer is a kind of organisms that eats other organisms [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] eating other organisms is a kind of method for obtaining food [INFER] int4: a consumer is a kind of organism that obtains food by eating other organisms [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] int4 [INFER] int5: a producer is a kind of organism that obtains food by producing its own food and a consumer is kind of organism that obtains food by eating other organisms [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] classifying is when one sorts something by kind / type [INFER] int6: producers and consumers are organisms that can be classified by how they obtain food
Question: When can producers make the most food?
Answer: summer, because there is more sunlight
Hypothesis: producers provide the most food during summer
Supporting facts: sent1: to produce means to provide sent2: sunlight shining means sunlight is provided sent3: increase means more sent4: rays of the sun means sunlight sent5: in the photosynthesis process carbon dioxide / water / sunlight has the role of raw material sent6: if something emits something else then that something increases the amount of that something else sent7: to provide something means to be the source of that something sent8: photosynthesizing means performing photosynthesis sent9: a plant requires photosynthesis to grow / survive sent10: to add means to increase sent11: sunshine means sunlight sent12: lots means much sent13: bright means a lot of light sent14: green plants provide food for themselves / animals / consumers by performing photosynthesis sent15: summer has the most sunlight sent16: if something is required by a living thing for a process then increasing that something will increase that living thing's ability to perform that process sent17: a leaf absorbs sunlight to perform photosynthesis sent18: to give off means to be the source of sent19: a plant requires sunlight to grow sent20: green plants are a kind of producer sent21: to receive sunlight means to absorb sunlight sent22: the amount of daylight is greatest in the summer sent23: if something causes an increase in something else then that something produces that something else sent24: if something is a raw material in a process then that something is required for that process sent25: if an object / something is in the sunlight then that object / that something will absorb solar energy
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] if something is a raw material in a process then that something is required for that process [AND] in the photosynthesis process carbon dioxide / water / sunlight has the role of raw material [INFER] int1: sunlight is required for photosynthesis [BECAUSE] green plants provide food for themselves / animals / consumers by performing photosynthesis [AND] green plants are a kind of producer [INFER] int2: producers provide food for themselves by performing photosynthesis [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: sunlight is required for producers to provide food [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] if something is required by a living thing for a process then increasing that something will increase that living thing's ability to perform that process [INFER] int4: increasing sunlight will increase a producer's ability to provide food [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] summer has the most sunlight [INFER] int5: producers provide the most food during summer
Question: Which living organism makes its own food using sunlight?
Answer: tree
Hypothesis: a tree uses sunlight to make food for itself
Supporting facts: sent1: a tree is a source of shelter / food for birds / animals in an ecosystem sent2: plant cells can perform photosynthesis sent3: a plant requires photosynthesis to grow / survive sent4: people can plant trees sent5: a tree is a kind of plant sent6: if an organism can do something , then that organism is able to do that something sent7: make means produce sent8: sunshine means sunlight sent9: to provide something means to be the source of that something sent10: photosynthesizing means performing photosynthesis sent11: to give off means to be the source of sent12: creating means making sent13: the photosynthetic life performs photosynthesis sent14: plants are the source of fruit sent15: to produce means to create sent16: solar power means solar energy sent17: to transform means to convert sent18: photosynthesis stores / captures energy sent19: if something has the ability to do something else , then that something can do that something else sent20: to create means to make sent21: if something is required for a process then that something is used for that process sent22: sunlight means solar energy sent23: a plant requires sunlight for photosynthesis sent24: photosynthesis makes food for the plant by converting carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight into carbohydrates sent25: darkness has a negative impact on photosynthesis
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] if something is required for a process then that something is used for that process [AND] a plant requires sunlight for photosynthesis [INFER] int1: a plant uses sunlight to perform photosynthesis [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] photosynthesis makes food for the plant by converting carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight into carbohydrates [INFER] int2: a plant uses sunlight to make food for itself [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] a tree is a kind of plant [INFER] int3: a tree uses sunlight to make food for itself
Question: Where do plants get energy from to make food?
Answer: sunlight
Hypothesis: a plant gets energy to make food from sunlight
Supporting facts: sent1: photosynthesis stores / captures energy sent2: sunlight is a kind of solar energy sent3: darkness has a negative impact on photosynthesis sent4: photosynthesis makes food for the plant by converting carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight into carbohydrates sent5: a producer produces its own food sent6: a plant requires photosynthesis to grow / survive sent7: if something is a raw material in a process then that something is required for that process sent8: solar power means solar energy sent9: the sun transfers energy from itself to the earth through sunlight sent10: to create means to make sent11: daylight means sunlight sent12: if a resource is transferred to something through something else then that something gets that resource from that something else sent13: sunshine means sunlight sent14: photosynthesizing means performing photosynthesis sent15: solar energy is a kind of energy sent16: a plant requires sunlight for photosynthesis sent17: a plant requires sunlight to grow sent18: sunlight means solar energy sent19: plants are a part of earth sent20: plant cells can perform photosynthesis sent21: solar radiation means solar energy sent22: where something comes from is a source of that something sent23: if something generates energy for something else then that something powers that something else sent24: energy is a kind of resource sent25: the photosynthetic life performs photosynthesis
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a plant requires sunlight for photosynthesis [AND] photosynthesis makes food for the plant by converting carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight into carbohydrates [INFER] int1: a plant requires sunlight to make food [BECAUSE] solar energy is a kind of energy [AND] sunlight is a kind of solar energy [INFER] int2: sunlight is a kind of energy [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: a plant requires energy to make food [BECAUSE] plants are a part of earth [AND] the sun transfers energy from itself to the earth through sunlight [INFER] int4: energy is transfered  to plants through sunlight [BECAUSE] if a resource is transferred to something through something else then that something gets that resource from that something else [AND] energy is a kind of resource [INFER] int5: if energy is transferred to something through something else then that something gets that energy from that something else [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] int5 [INFER] int6: plants get energy from sunlight [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] int6 [INFER] int7: a plant gets energy to make food from sunlight