ariesutiono/entailment-bank-v3 huggingface dataset:
Question: What event happens in a daily cycle?
Answer: high and low tides
Hypothesis: high tide and low tide in the tide cycle occur twice per day
Supporting facts: sent1: tidal means related to tides sent2: a revolution occurs when something revolves around something else sent3: the ocean system is a kind of system sent4: the day time is part of one day sent5: annual means once per year sent6: take place means happen sent7: life means living things sent8: the tide cycle occurs regularly twice per day sent9: everyday means daily sent10: length of time means period of time sent11: days ( d ) are a metric unit used for measuring time generally used for values between 1 and 365 sent12: an ocean is a kind of body of water sent13: period is similar to amount of time sent14: to cause means to result in sent15: low tide is a stage in the tide cycle process sent16: low means down sent17: may happen means having a chance of happening sent18: hours are a kind of unit for measuring time sent19: usually means most of the time sent20: high means a lot of something sent21: motion / movement means moving / to move sent22: can be means able to be sent23: a measure of time is a length of time sent24: once per means every sent25: high tide is a stage in the tide cycle process
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] low tide is a stage in the tide cycle process [AND] high tide is a stage in the tide cycle process [AND] the tide cycle occurs regularly twice per day [INFER] int1: high tide and low tide in the tide cycle occur twice per day
Question: Which of the following is a cause of the ocean levels periodically rising and then falling?
Answer: the force of gravity from the Moon
Hypothesis: the gravitational pull causes the ocean levels on earth to rise and fall periodically
Supporting facts: sent1: as the gravitational pull of the moon decreases , the height of ocean tides will decrease sent2: a measure of time is a length of time sent3: the tide is when ocean levels periodically rise / fall sent4: to cause an event means to make that event more likely sent5: the moon has less water / air than the earth sent6: to cause means to result in sent7: the ocean system is a kind of system sent8: causing is a kind of affecting sent9: to cause means to have an effect sent10: a force is a kind of push or pull on an object sent11: the gravitational pull of the moon on earth 's oceans causes the tides sent12: an increase is the opposite of a decrease sent13: as the gravitational pull of the moon on the earth increases , the size of the tides on earth increase sent14: the moon is earth 's moon sent15: earth is a kind of planet sent16: a tide is a kind of natural event sent17: oceans are located on earth sent18: if a value decreases then that value may become / may reach zero / 0 sent19: a cause of something is a reason for that something sent20: rising means height / altitude increases sent21: an example of a physical cycle is the water cycle sent22: motion / movement means moving / to move sent23: revolving around something means orbiting that something sent24: the moon revolving around / orbiting the earth causes the phases of the moon sent25: a moon is a kind of satellite
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the gravitational pull of the moon on earth 's oceans causes the tides [AND] the tide is when ocean levels periodically rise / fall [INFER] int1: the gravitational pull causes the ocean levels on earth to rise and fall periodically
Question: Which of the following is the major cause of tides?
Answer: gravitational pull of the Moon
Hypothesis: the gravitational pull causes the ocean levels on earth to rise and fall periodically
Supporting facts: sent1: the tide is when ocean levels periodically rise / fall sent2: if something causes something else then that something else depends on that something sent3: high tide is a stage in the tide cycle process sent4: to cause an event means to make that event more likely sent5: the moon has less water / air than the earth sent6: a revolution occurs when something revolves around something else sent7: where something comes from is a source of that something sent8: if something causes a process then that something is required for that process sent9: low tide is a stage in the tide cycle process sent10: causing is a kind of affecting sent11: if something comes from something else then that something else is a source of that something sent12: if something is caused by something else , then that something can be explained by that something else sent13: a moon is located in space sent14: tidal means related to tides sent15: a cause of something is a reason for that something sent16: if something releases something else then that something is the source of that something else sent17: due to means caused by sent18: the moon is the celestial object that is closest to the earth sent19: a moon is a kind of satellite sent20: to cause means to result in sent21: the moon is earth 's moon sent22: gravity means gravitational pull / gravitational energy / gravitational force / gravitational attraction sent23: to cause means to have an effect sent24: revolving around something means orbiting that something sent25: the gravitational pull of the moon on earth 's oceans causes the tides
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the tide is when ocean levels periodically rise / fall [AND] the gravitational pull of the moon on earth 's oceans causes the tides [INFER] int1: the gravitational pull causes the ocean levels on earth to rise and fall periodically
Question: What is the most likely outcome of the Moon moving away from Earth?
Answer: Earth's tides decrease in size.
Hypothesis: the moon moving away from earth causes the height of ocean tides on earth to decrease
Supporting facts: sent1: a tide is a kind of natural event sent2: to limit means to decrease sent3: if a value decreases then that value may become / may reach zero / 0 sent4: to reduce means to decrease sent5: as the distance from an object increases , the force of gravity on that object will decrease sent6: may happen means having a chance of happening sent7: the moon is a kind of moon sent8: moving away from the source increases the distance sent9: away is a kind of direction sent10: as the distance decreases , the period of time a reflected wave uses to return will decrease sent11: decreasing is similar to becoming smaller sent12: the moon is earth 's moon sent13: to prevent the occurence of an event means to decrease the occurence of the event sent14: the moon has less water / air than the earth sent15: gravity is a kind of force sent16: if something causes something else then that something else depends on that something sent17: as distance to an ocean decreases , the temperature will decrease sent18: an ocean is a kind of body of water sent19: ocean tides are a kind of phenomenon sent20: as the force of gravity changes , the weight of the object will change sent21: as the force of gravity decreases , the weight of the object will decrease sent22: as the gravitational pull of the moon decreases , the height of ocean tides will decrease sent23: to slow / to slow down decreases speed sent24: to cause an event means to make that event more likely sent25: the moon moves away from earth
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the moon moves away from earth [AND] moving away from the source increases the distance [INFER] int1: the moon moving away from earth increases the distance between the moon and the earth [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] as the distance from an object increases , the force of gravity on that object will decrease [INFER] int2: the moon moving away from earth causes the force of gravity of moon on earth decreases [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] as the gravitational pull of the moon decreases , the height of ocean tides will decrease [INFER] int3: the moon moving away from earth causes the height of ocean tides on earth to decrease
Question: When would the highest tides occur along the Texas coast?
Answer: during a full moon
Hypothesis: the highest tides occur during a full moon
Supporting facts: sent1: spring tide is when the distance between high tide and low tide is the greatest sent2: the moon orbits the earth sent3: navassa island (us) is located in the northern hemisphere sent4: the moon rising occurs once per day sent5: the moon reflects sunlight towards the earth sent6: an ocean contains waves sent7: the surface of the moon contains mountains sent8: as distance from an object decreases , the pull of gravity on that object increases sent9: the moon has less water / air than the earth sent10: tidal means related to tides sent11: an ocean is larger than a river sent12: the moon is earth 's moon sent13: a coast is a coastal area sent14: as the gravitational pull of the moon decreases , the height of ocean tides will decrease sent15: as the gravitational pull of the moon on the earth increases , the size of the tides on earth increase sent16: a shore is the land found at the edge of a body of water sent17: to happen means to occur sent18: a body of water contains water sent19: the moon revolving around / orbiting the earth causes the phases of the moon sent20: united states is located in the northern hemisphere sent21: tidal range is a measure of the vertical distance from high tide to low tide sent22: each of the moon 's phases occurs once per month sent23: spring tides occur during a full moon sent24: a bay is a kind of body of water sent25: the moon 's surface contains highlands
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] spring tide is when the distance between high tide and low tide is the greatest [AND] spring tides occur during a full moon [INFER] int1: the highest tides occur during a full moon
Question: At what time on a sunny day will the shadow of the school's flagpole be the shortest?
Answer: noon
Hypothesis: the shadow of a flagpole will be the smallest at noon
Supporting facts: sent1: being in the sun is synonymous with being in the sunlight sent2: when a hemisphere is tilted towards the sun , that hemisphere receives more direct sunlight sent3: a flagpole is a kind of object sent4: if an object is in the light then that object is blocking the light sent5: if an object / something is in the sunlight then that object / that something will absorb solar energy sent6: when the sun is located directly overhead , it is located at the highest point in the sky sent7: if something is outside during the day then that something will receive sunlight sent8: rays of the sun means sunlight sent9: the sun is located directly overhead at noon sent10: clouds block sunlight from reaching the ground sent11: sunlight shining means sunlight is provided sent12: the occurance of shadow requires the presence of light sent13: afternoon is a part of day time sent14: large canopies / trees block sunlight from reaching the ground sent15: sunlight is made of all colors in the rainbow sent16: the ground radiates solar energy into air sent17: the sun is a source of light / light energy called sunlight sent18: if an object is blue then that object reflects only blue light sent19: clouds / dusts block visible light sent20: going to school generally occurs during the day sent21: as a source of light moves directly overhead of an object , the size of the shadow of that object will decrease sent22: as a source of light becomes closer , the light will appear brighter sent23: reflection is when light is reflected from one object / one place to another object / another place sent24: if something is outside during the day , then that something will reflect enough light to be seen sent25: brightness is a property of a light source and includes values of bright / dim
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the sun is a source of light / light energy called sunlight [AND] as a source of light moves directly overhead of an object , the size of the shadow of that object will decrease [INFER] int1: when the sun moves directly overhead of an object, the size of the shadow of that object will be the smallest [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] the sun is located directly overhead at noon [INFER] int2: the shadows of an object at noon will be the smallest [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] a flagpole is a kind of object [INFER] int3: the shadow of a flagpole will be the smallest at noon
Question: Which is a quick process that can form new land near an ocean?
Answer: volcano erupting
Hypothesis: volcano eruption is a quick process to form land
Supporting facts: sent1: igneous rocks / minerals are formed by magma / lava cooling / crystallizing sent2: magma is extremely high in temperature sent3: volcano eruption is when volcano deposits lava to the earth 's surface sent4: nearby is similar to near sent5: new land can be formed by lava cooling after an volcano eruption sent6: volcanic eruption destroys the ecosystem around it sent7: if lava is on earth 's surface then that lava will cool sent8: the movement of tectonic plates causes volcanic eruptions sent9: volcanoes are formed by converging boundaries of tectonic plates sent10: quickly means in a short period of time sent11: seafloor spreading causes cooled magma to form on the edges of tectonic plates on earth sent12: form means kind sent13: rocks is in the liquid state , called magma / molten rock , for temperatures between 1100 / 600 and 2400 / 1300 f / c sent14: intense means high in intensity sent15: if the formation of something is found in a place , then the formation of that something will be associated with that place sent16: dried lava is a kind of volcanic rock sent17: the rock cycle is a cyclical process, with stages of formation, weathering, erosion sent18: near means close sent19: to be formed by is similar to being produced by sent20: fast means quickly sent21: new means different from the former one sent22: to happen means to occur sent23: producing is similar to causing sent24: a volcanic eruption is a kind of quick process sent25: forming something is a kind of change
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] volcano eruption is when volcano deposits lava to the earth 's surface [AND] new land can be formed by lava cooling after an volcano eruption [INFER] int1: volcano eruption can form a new land [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a volcanic eruption is a kind of quick process [INFER] int2: volcano eruption is a quick process to form land
Question: What forms both valleys and canyons?
Answer: rivers
Hypothesis: canyons and valleys are formed by flowing rivers
Supporting facts: sent1: being exposed to wind / water / animals / heat can cause erosion of soil / of rocks sent2: water causes soil and rock erosion sent3: elevation is a measure of the height above the sea level sent4: a landform is a kind of place sent5: to cross means to pass sent6: motion / movement means moving / to move sent7: both means two sent8: to make means to form sent9: structure is similar to shape sent10: flowing is a kind of action sent11: motion is when moves an object / something to a direction sent12: forming something is a kind of change sent13: erosion is when wind / moving water transports sediments from one place to another place for a long distance sent14: if something is a part of something then that something can be found in that something sent15: most canyons are formed by flowing rivers sent16: wind and rain / storms cause erosion sent17: form means kind sent18: a valley is formed by flowing rivers sent19: structure is a property of an object / a material / a substance sent20: a structure of something is synonymous with a part of that something sent21: a component of something means a part of that something sent22: landform means surface feature / physical feature / land feature sent23: a landform is a kind of natural formation sent24: if something is made of something else then the formation of that something requires that something else sent25: the slope of the land causes a river to flow in a particular direction
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] most canyons are formed by flowing rivers [AND] a valley is formed by flowing rivers [INFER] int1: canyons and valleys are formed by flowing rivers
Question: Which land form is the result of the constructive force of a glacier?
Answer: piles of rocks deposited by a melting glacier
Hypothesis: piles of rocks are formed by the constructive force of glaciers
Supporting facts: sent1: landform means surface feature / physical feature / land feature sent2: sometimes piles of rocks are formed by melting glaciers depositing rocks sent3: rocks / soil / materials interacting with wind / moving water over long periods of time causes weathering sent4: a cause of something is a reason for that something sent5: deposition changes the earth 's surface sent6: earth is made of rock sent7: erosion is a kind of destructive force sent8: the origin of the rocks means the way the rocks are formed sent9: earth contains glaciers / ice caps sent10: ice sheet / polar ice sheet is a kind of glacier sent11: sediment falls to the bottom of bodies of water sent12: deposition is a kind of constructive force sent13: melting is a kind of phase change sent14: a glacial depression is formed by a glacier sent15: sediment is a kind of small particle sent16: due to means caused by sent17: sediment means deposited materials sent18: melting point is a property of a substance / material sent19: a result of something is evidence of that something sent20: melting is when solids are heated above their melting point sent21: result means outcome sent22: some deep lakes / bowl-shaped lakes are formed by glaciers sent23: to be made of something means to be formed of that something sent24: a landform is a kind of place sent25: erosion is when wind / moving water transports sediments from one place to another place for a long distance
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] deposition is a kind of constructive force [AND] sometimes piles of rocks are formed by melting glaciers depositing rocks [INFER] int1: piles of rocks are formed by the constructive force of glaciers
Question: During a rainstorm, leaves wash down a gully on a hillside. The water slows down at the foot of the hill and fans out, depositing the leaves. What geologic structure is formed in a similar way?
Answer: a delta
Hypothesis: water depositing leaves at the foot of the hill is similar to water forming a delta
Supporting facts: sent1: pouring water onto soil causes that soil to wash away sent2: empty into a body of water means enters a body of water sent3: to make means to form sent4: forming is similar to growing sent5: if something used to be in the past then that something has changed sent6: to change into means to form sent7: rainstorm means rain storm sent8: structure is similar to shape sent9: to cause the formation of means to form sent10: speed is a property of an object and includes values of slow / fast sent11: washing out means being moved from by water sent12: a structure of something is synonymous with a part of that something sent13: the formation of something is a kind of process sent14: system is similar to structure sent15: to be formed by is to be the result of sent16: being derived from is similar to being formed sent17: if the formation of something is found in a place , then the formation of that something will be associated with that place sent18: water deposits the leaves at the foot of the hill and fans out sent19: hills are a kind of small mountain sent20: something that contains water is similar to a body of water sent21: a body of water contains water sent22: becoming is similar to forming sent23: a delta is formed by sediment depositing at the mouth of a river by water fanning out sent24: to be formed by is similar to being produced by sent25: to become is similar to change into
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] water deposits the leaves at the foot of the hill and fans out [AND] a delta is formed by sediment depositing at the mouth of a river by water fanning out [INFER] int1: water depositing leaves at the foot of the hill is similar to water forming a delta
Question: Natural processes shape the surface of Earth. Most canyons are formed by ___.
Answer: moving water
Hypothesis: most canyons are formed by moving body of water through erosion over long periods of time
Supporting facts: sent1: erosion is a kind of change sent2: earth contains water / ice / (steam, water vapor) sent3: forming something is a kind of change sent4: a river is a kind of a moving body of water sent5: contains means located in sent6: flowing liquid can push objects sent7: motion / movement means moving / to move sent8: to make means to form sent9: most means over 50% of something sent10: a body of water contains water sent11: a canyon forming occurs over a period of millions of years sent12: usually means most of the time sent13: most canyons are formed by flowing rivers through erosion over long periods of time sent14: groundwater is a kind of water sent15: to be formed by is to be the result of sent16: a surface is a part of an object sent17: erosion usually causes harm to the environment sent18: being exposed to wind / water / animals / heat can cause erosion of soil / of rocks sent19: form means kind sent20: erosion causes deposition sent21: water flows down a slope sent22: something that contains water is similar to a body of water sent23: flowing is a kind of action sent24: a river is a kind of channel for water sent25: a canyon is a very big crack in the ground
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] most canyons are formed by flowing rivers through erosion over long periods of time [AND] a river is a kind of a moving body of water [INFER] int1: most canyons are formed by moving body of water through erosion over long periods of time
Question: Moving water was the most important factor in forming which of these?
Answer: the Grand Canyon
Hypothesis: a flowing body of water is important for forming the grand canyon
Supporting facts: sent1: the great lakes were formed by glaciers moving over the ground sent2: to generate means to form sent3: a canyon is a very big crack in the ground sent4: damming a river can cause a lake to form sent5: a river is a kind of channel for water sent6: ground water is a kind of water sent7: something that contains water is similar to a body of water sent8: to be formed by is similar to being produced by sent9: empty into a body of water means enters a body of water sent10: water causes soil and rock erosion sent11: flowing liquid can push objects sent12: the colorado river is a kind of river sent13: if something is formed by something else, then that something else is required by that something sent14: becoming is similar to forming sent15: to make means to form sent16: to pass through means to move through sent17: most canyons are formed by flowing rivers through erosion over long periods of time sent18: to be formed by is to be the result of sent19: a river is a kind of flowing body of water sent20: the colorado river is a kind of river next to the grand canyon sent21: the grand canyon is a kind of canyon sent22: to change into means to form sent23: a body of water contains water sent24: a canyon forming occurs over a period of millions of years sent25: if something requires something else then that something else is important to that something
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] most canyons are formed by flowing rivers through erosion over long periods of time [AND] the grand canyon is a kind of canyon [INFER] int1: the grand canyon is formed by flowing rivers through erosion over long periods of time [BECAUSE] a river is a kind of flowing body of water [AND] the colorado river is a kind of river next to the grand canyon [INFER] int2: the colorado river is a flowing river next to the grand canyon [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: the grand canyon was formed by the flowing colorado river over long periods of time [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] if something is formed by something else, then that something else is required by that something [INFER] int4: forming the grand canyon requires the flowing colorado river [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] if something requires something else then that something else is important to that something [INFER] int5: the flowing colorado river is important for forming the grand canyon [BECAUSE] the colorado river is a kind of river [AND] a river is a kind of flowing body of water [INFER] int6: the colorado river is a flowing body of water [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] int6 [INFER] int7: a flowing body of water is important for forming the grand canyon