ariesutiono/entailment-bank-v3 huggingface dataset:
Question: Which statement best identifies a living thing that depends on another living thing to survive?
Answer: A moose eats a plant.
Hypothesis: an example of a living thing depending on another living thing to survive is a moose eating a plant
Supporting facts: sent1: in the food chain process herbivores have the role of primary consumer which eats producers for food sent2: an animal is a kind of consumer sent3: a plant is a kind of living thing sent4: consumers eat other organisms sent5: as the population of plants decreases , the population of herbivores will decrease sent6: green plants are a kind of producer sent7: to eat means to consume food sent8: eating an animal / a plant means killing that animal / that plant sent9: if something is required for a process then that something positively impacts that process sent10: an animal / living thing requires nutrients for survival sent11: if an animal eats a crop with something on its surface then that animal will eat the something on the surface sent12: an animal needs to eat food for nutrients sent13: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent14: trait is synonymous with characteristic sent15: diet means what an animal eats sent16: the amount of something is similar to the availability of something sent17: a moose is a kind of animal sent18: herbivores only eat plants sent19: food contains carbohydrates sent20: an animal is a member of an animal species sent21: if an organism eats something then that something is a source of frood to that organism sent22: in the food chain process an animal has the role of consumer which eats producers / other animals for food sent23: food is what an animal eats sent24: if a living thing needs something to survive then that living thing depends on that something to survive sent25: a producer produces its own food
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] an animal / living thing requires nutrients for survival [AND] an animal needs to eat food for nutrients [INFER] int1: an animal needs to eat food to survive [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] if a living thing needs something to survive then that living thing depends on that something to survive [INFER] int2: an example of a living thing depending on something to survive is an animal eating food [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] in the food chain process an animal has the role of consumer which eats producers / other animals for food [INFER] int3: an example of a living thing depending on something to survive is an animal eating producers [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] green plants are a kind of producer [INFER] int4: an example of a living thing depending on something to survive is an animal eating a plant [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] a plant is a kind of living thing [INFER] int5: an example of a living thing depending on another living thing to survive is an animal eating a plant [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] a moose is a kind of animal [INFER] int6: an example of a living thing depending on another living thing to survive is a moose eating a plant
Question: A student plants rosebushes in her front yard. The student is frequently seen pulling weeds from the base of the rosebushes. What is the most likely reason that the weeds are pulled?
Answer: Weeds use nutrients the roses need to grow.
Hypothesis: the student has to kill the weeds so that the rose gets nutrients to grow
Supporting facts: sent1: the nutrients in soil is limited sent2: if the plant needs a type of soil to grow , then that type of soil will benefit the plant the most sent3: a rose is a kind of plant sent4: plant uptake is when plants absorb nutrients / water from soil into themselves through their roots sent5: the student wants to grow roses sent6: requiring too much of a resource has a negative impact on the availiability of that resource sent7: if an organism cannot do something , then that organism is unable to do that something sent8: weeds use up nutrients sent9: if something causes a process then that something is required for that process sent10: needing something means depending on that something sent11: using less of a resource has a positive impact on the resource sent12: if something gains something from something else then that something else is a source of that something sent13: using less of a resource increases the availability of that resource sent14: if an organism can do something , then that organism is able to do that something sent15: a plant requires nutrients to grow sent16: soil contains nutrients for plants sent17: resources sometimes are used for energy sent18: using resources decreases those resources sent19: if something has the ability to do something else , then that something can do that something else sent20: to be used for something means to be required by that something sent21: using less of a resource means conserving that resource sent22: if something requires something else then that something requires a source of that something else sent23: if a resource is limited in supply then that resource needs to be replaced sent24: if something required by something else is in a place then that something else may be in that place sent25: requiring something means needing that something
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a plant requires nutrients to grow [AND] a rose is a kind of plant [INFER] int1: a rose requires nutrients to grow [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] the nutrients in soil is limited [AND] weeds use up nutrients [INFER] int2: if weeds use up the nutrients, then the rose will not have nutrients to grow [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] the student wants to grow roses [INFER] int3: the student has to kill the weeds so that the rose gets nutrients to grow
Question: In Costa Rica a small tree, the acacia, provides shelter and food for ants. The ants protect the acacia by removing other insects and vines that might harm it. Which term best describes the relationship between the acacia and the ants?
Answer: mutualism
Hypothesis: the relationship between the acacia and ants is mutualism
Supporting facts: sent1: ants are a kind of animal sent2: if something has a positive impact on the survival of an organism then that organism is likely going to survive sent3: mutualism has a positive impact on both organisms in the relationship sent4: an animal requires enough nutrients to maintain good health / survive sent5: protecting something means preventing harm to that something sent6: commensalism has a positive impact on one organism while not harming the other organism sent7: a positive impact is a benefit sent8: having food has a positive impact on an organism 's health sent9: shelter can protect animals / humans from weather sent10: a tree is a source of shelter / food for birds / animals in an ecosystem sent11: if two or more things are in a relationship then those things impact each other sent12: to be dependent on something means to depend on that something sent13: protecting a living thing has a positive impact on that living thing 's survival / health sent14: the ants protect the acacia by removing other insects and vines that might harm it sent15: predators / carnivores / omnivores eat other animals sent16: positively impacting an organism 's survival increases the likelihood of survival of that organism sent17: avoiding predators has a positive impact on prey 's / an organism 's survival / health / ability to reproduce sent18: an animal requires food sent19: the acacia provides shelter and food for ants sent20: shelter is a kind of place / building / structure for protection sent21: an animal requires shelter sent22: a required resource being low in availability has a negative impact on the something that requires that resource sent23: survival means to survive sent24: if a living thing requires something then that something has a positive impact on that living thing sent25: shelter is a kind of protective covering
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] an animal requires food [AND] an animal requires shelter [AND] if a living thing requires something then that something has a positive impact on that living thing [INFER] int1: shelter and food have positive impact on animals [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] ants are a kind of animal [INFER] int2: shelter and food have positive impact on ants [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] the acacia provides shelter and food for ants [INFER] int3: the acacia providing shelter and food has a positive impact on ants [BECAUSE] protecting a living thing has a positive impact on that living thing 's survival / health [AND] the ants protect the acacia by removing other insects and vines that might harm it [INFER] int4: the ants protecting the acacia has a positive impact on the acacia [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] int4 [AND] mutualism has a positive impact on both organisms in the relationship [INFER] int5: the relationship between the acacia and ants is mutualism
Question: Different species of carnivorous animals that share the same habitat in an ecosystem may
Answer: compete for food
Hypothesis: if carnivores share the same habitat, then those carnivores may compete for food
Supporting facts: sent1: consumers eat other organisms sent2: a predator usually kills its prey to eat it sent3: the amount of something is similar to the availability of something sent4: if two animals live in different environments then those two animals will have different food sources sent5: an animal is a kind of consumer sent6: eating an animal / a plant means killing that animal / that plant sent7: as the population of prey decreases , competition between predators will increase sent8: carnivores sometimes eat herbivores sent9: a required resource being low in availability has a negative impact on the something that requires that resource sent10: if an organism eats something then that something is a source of frood to that organism sent11: if two animals have the same food source then those two animals compete for food sent12: carnivores are a kind of animal sent13: a lack of something that a living thing requires prevents the survival of that living thing sent14: a predator is a kind of animal sent15: prey is a kind of animal sent16: prey is a kind of food for predators sent17: eating / digestion is when an organism takes in nutrients from food into itself by eating sent18: herbivores only eat plants sent19: to eat means to consume food sent20: to prey on an animal means to eat that animal sent21: if two or more carnivores share the same ecosystem then those carnivores may share the same food source sent22: if an organism survives competition for resources then this organism will survive / reproduce for natural selection sent23: food is what an animal eats sent24: an ecosystem is a kind of habitat sent25: an environment is similar to an ecosystem
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] if two animals have the same food source then those two animals compete for food [AND] carnivores are a kind of animal [AND] if two or more carnivores share the same ecosystem then those carnivores may share the same food source [INFER] int1: if carnivores share the same ecosystem, then those carnivores may compete for food [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] an ecosystem is a kind of habitat [INFER] int2: if carnivores share the same habitat, then those carnivores may compete for food
Question: Some microorganisms cause human disease. Other microorganisms are used in making cheese, yogurt, and bread. Based on this information, the relationship between humans and microorganisms can be
Answer: beneficial or harmful
Hypothesis: the relationship between human and microorganisms is sometimes beneficial and sometimes harmful
Supporting facts: sent1: good bacteria have a positive impact on a living thing 's survival / health sent2: an animal requires enough nutrients to maintain good health / survive sent3: bacteria sometimes cause disease sent4: disease-causing microbes have a negative impact on the body sent5: microorganisms cause food to spoil sent6: if something has a positive impact on another thing, then the relationship is benificial sent7: eating / taking in food is used to get nutrients / energy by animals / living things sent8: some microorganisms have a positive impact on human body sent9: being stronger usually has a positive impact on an organism 's / living thing 's health sent10: eating / digestion is when an organism takes in nutrients from food into itself by eating sent11: commensalism has a positive impact on one organism while not harming the other organism sent12: to help / to benefit means to be of use sent13: learning about the cause of a disease has a positive impact on finding a cure for the disease sent14: if something has a negative impact on another thing, then the relationship is harmful sent15: consumers eat other organisms sent16: eating something that contains pollutants has a negative impact on an organism 's survival / health / ability to reproduce sent17: having a variety of foods available has a positive impact on people 's lives sent18: mutualism has a positive impact on both organisms in the relationship sent19: a required resource being low in availability has a negative impact on the something that requires that resource sent20: helping bodily processes has a positive impact on an animal / an animal 's health sent21: if an organism eats something then that something is a source of frood to that organism sent22: beneficial means helpful sent23: a positive impact is a helpful effect sent24: reducing bacteria in food prevents illness in people sent25: protecting a living thing has a positive impact on that living thing 's survival / health
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] if something has a positive impact on another thing, then the relationship is benificial [AND] some microorganisms have a positive impact on human body [INFER] int1: some microorganisms are benificial to human body [BECAUSE] if something has a negative impact on another thing, then the relationship is harmful [AND] disease-causing microbes have a negative impact on the body [INFER] int2: some disease-causing microbes are harmful to human body [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: the relationship between human and microorganisms is sometimes beneficial and sometimes harmful
Question: Wolves kill many elk every year and often attack old, sick, and injured members of a herd. Which of the following best describes the role of the wolves in the wolf-elk relationship?
Answer: predator
Hypothesis: wolves are predators to elk
Supporting facts: sent1: an animal is a member of an animal species sent2: the amount of something is similar to the availability of something sent3: to be involved in something means to have a role in something sent4: purpose means role sent5: amount is a property of something and includes ordered values of none / least / little / some / half / much / many / most / all sent6: ability is a property of things and includes ordered values of able / unable / can / cannot sent7: a predator eats other animals for food sent8: eating an animal / a plant means killing that animal / that plant sent9: to eat means to consume food sent10: eating prey requires catching prey sent11: if an organism eats something then that something is a source of frood to that organism sent12: to prey on an animal means to eat that animal sent13: if something performs a task then that task is that something 's function sent14: food is what an animal eats sent15: wolves eat elk sent16: in the food chain process an animal has the role of consumer which eats producers / other animals for food sent17: trait is synonymous with characteristic sent18: the properties of something are used for describing that something sent19: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent20: an elk is a kind of animal sent21: eating something decreases the amount of that something sent22: avoiding predators has a positive impact on prey 's / an organism 's survival / health / ability to reproduce sent23: become prey means get eaten sent24: a description sometimes provides information sent25: if two or more things are in a relationship then those things impact each other
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] wolves eat elk [AND] an elk is a kind of animal [AND] a predator eats other animals for food [INFER] int1: wolves are predators to elk
Question: In a desert environment, cactus wrens often build their nests in cholla cacti to avoid predators. This behavior does not hurt the cacti. Which type of relationship do cactus wrens and cholla cacti demonstrate?
Answer: commensalism
Hypothesis: the relationship between cactus wrens and cholla cacti is commensalism
Supporting facts: sent1: if an organism can do something , then that organism is able to do that something sent2: as population of predators increases , the population of prey will decrease in an environment sent3: ability is a property of things and includes ordered values of able / unable / can / cannot sent4: the ability to access / to acquire / to find resources has a positive impact on an organism 's survival / health sent5: cactus wrens building nests in cholla cacti does not harm the cholla cacti sent6: a nest is a kind of resource for a bird sent7: decreasing something negative has a positive impact on a thing sent8: a nest is used for protecting young by birds sent9: avoiding something requires sensing that something sent10: avoiding predators is synonymous with avoiding being eaten sent11: a predator eats other animals for food sent12: protecting something means preventing harm to that something sent13: commensalism is a relationship between two organisms in which one benefits while not harming the other one sent14: avoiding is similar to preventing sent15: if something has a positive impact on something else then that something is important to that something else sent16: cactus wrens build their nests in cholla cacti to avoid predators sent17: avoiding predators has a positive impact on the organism sent18: helping something has a positive impact on that something sent19: hiding can be used for avoiding predators sent20: positively impacting an organism 's survival increases the likelihood of survival of that organism sent21: the ability to do means be able to do sent22: an organism 's environment affects that organism 's acquired characteristics sent23: mutualism has a positive impact on both organisms in the relationship sent24: hawks / eagles eat snakes / lizards / rats / rabbits / mice sent25: to be in danger means to be around / to be near something dangerous
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] cactus wrens build their nests in cholla cacti to avoid predators [AND] avoiding predators has a positive impact on the organism [INFER] int1: cactus wrens building their nests in cholla cacti has a positive impact on themselves [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] commensalism is a relationship between two organisms in which one benefits while not harming the other one [AND] cactus wrens building nests in cholla cacti does not harm the cholla cacti [INFER] int2: the relationship between cactus wrens and cholla cacti is commensalism
Question: Which of these is a nonliving thing?
Answer: a river
Hypothesis: a river is a nonliving thing
Supporting facts: sent1: existence is similar to living sent2: to change into means to form sent3: if something is a part of something then that something can be found in that something sent4: a body of water contains water sent5: if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something sent6: contains means located in sent7: something that contains water is similar to a body of water sent8: both means two sent9: flowing is a kind of motion sent10: to be made of something means to be formed of that something sent11: nonliving means not living sent12: if something is made of something / a material then that something contains that something / that material sent13: water is a kind of substance sent14: if an object is made of something then the parts of that object are made of that something sent15: water is a kind of nonliving thing sent16: to be found in means to be contained in sent17: a river is a kind of body of water sent18: form means kind sent19: objects are made of materials / substances / matter sent20: where something comes from is a source of that something sent21: a river is a kind of channel for water sent22: can be means able to be sent23: a stream is a kind of moving body of water sent24: made up of means contains / made of sent25: a kind of something is an example of that something
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] water is a kind of nonliving thing [AND] a river is a kind of body of water [INFER] int1: a river is a nonliving thing
Question: One important difference between living things and nonliving things is that only living things have
Answer: cells
Hypothesis: the difference of living things and nonliving things is that living things are made of cells
Supporting facts: sent1: existence is similar to living sent2: a unicellular organism has one cell sent3: a single-celled organism is a kind of living thing sent4: both means two sent5: to be found in means to be contained in sent6: if something is not the same as something else then that something is different from that something else sent7: all living and nonliving materials are made of elements sent8: another means different sent9: nonliving things are not made of cells sent10: to be believed to be is similar to maybe sent11: a cell is the smallest unit of an organism that can perform all of the processes of life sent12: a multicellular organism is made of many cells sent13: an object is made of its parts sent14: a single-celled organism is made of only one cell sent15: cells are a part of the body sent16: all living things are made of cells according to the cell theory sent17: to be made of something means to be formed of that something sent18: where something comes from is a source of that something sent19: nonliving means not living sent20: if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something sent21: objects are made of materials / substances / matter sent22: cells are a smaller level of organization than tissues in living things sent23: to tell the difference between things means to classify those things sent24: the cell is the most basic structural unit of life sent25: if something is a part of something then that something can be found in that something
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] all living things are made of cells according to the cell theory [AND] nonliving things are not made of cells [INFER] int1: the difference of living things and nonliving things is that living things are made of cells