ariesutiono/entailment-bank-v3 huggingface dataset:
Question: Which change in the state of water particles causes the particles to become arranged in a fixed position?
Answer: freezing
Hypothesis: freezing can change the particles in water to an orderly fixed position
Supporting facts: sent1: freezing point is a kind of physical property sent2: state of matter is a kind of physical property sent3: freezing means a substance changes from a liquid into a solid by decreasing heat energy sent4: unchanged means not changed sent5: freezing point is similar to melting point sent6: the freezing point of water / melting point of water is 32f / 0c / 273k sent7: physical state means state of matter sent8: phase means state sent9: constant means not changing sent10: when an object moves , that object loses its relative fixed position sent11: the particles are different in arrangement in different substances sent12: freezing means cold temperatures sent13: frozen means solid sent14: definite is the opposite of variable sent15: freezing point means temperature at which a liquid freezes / below which a liquid freezes sent16: state means form sent17: stay the same means not changing sent18: arrangement means how something is arranged sent19: state of matter means physical state sent20: ice is a kind of solid sent21: particles in a solid have an orderly fixed position sent22: fixed is similar to definite sent23: water is a kind of liquid at room temperature sent24: freezing point is a property of a substance / material sent25: liquid water cooling causes that liquid water to freeze
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] water is a kind of liquid at room temperature [AND] freezing means a substance changes from a liquid into a solid by decreasing heat energy [INFER] int1: freezing will change the liquid water into solid [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] particles in a solid have an orderly fixed position [INFER] int2: freezing can change the particles in water to an orderly fixed position
Question: Which action is an example of an exothermic process?
Answer: making ice cubes
Hypothesis: making ice cubes is a kind of exothermic process
Supporting facts: sent1: a process is made of a series of actions sent2: adding heat means increasing temperature sent3: heating means adding heat sent4: water is a kind of liquid at room temperature sent5: producing is similar to causing sent6: phase means state sent7: water is in the solid state , called ice sent8: freezing means a substance changes from a liquid into a solid by decreasing heat energy sent9: action means activity sent10: a phase change is when matter / a substance changes from one state of matter into another state of matter sent11: to cause means to result in sent12: ice is colder in temperature than water sent13: creating means making sent14: frozen means solid sent15: ice cube is made of ice sent16: freezing point is similar to melting point sent17: to cause means to have an effect sent18: freezing point means temperature at which a liquid freezes / below which a liquid freezes sent19: water is a kind of substance sent20: make means produce sent21: freezing is a kind of exothermic process sent22: freezing means cold temperatures sent23: to cause means to make sent24: an exothermic reaction increases the amount of heat sent25: nuclear reaction is a kind of exothermic reaction
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] ice cube is made of ice [AND] water is in the solid state , called ice [INFER] int1: ice cube is made of water in solid state [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] water is a kind of liquid at room temperature [INFER] int2: ice cubes have to be made by changing liquid water to solid ice [BECAUSE] water is a kind of substance [AND] freezing means a substance changes from a liquid into a solid by decreasing heat energy [INFER] int3: water freezing means water changes from a liquid into a solid by decreasing heat energy [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] int3 [INFER] int4: ice cubes have to be made by freezing the liquid water [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] freezing is a kind of exothermic process [INFER] int5: making ice cubes is a kind of exothermic process
Question: A student poured water into a plastic tray. The student then put the tray into the freezer. What property of the water changed as the water froze?
Answer: The water took a definite shape.
Hypothesis: the water will have definite shape after it freezes into a solid
Supporting facts: sent1: matter in the solid phase has definite volume sent2: a freezer is used for cooling things sent3: matter in the solid phase has definite shape sent4: freezing point means temperature at which a liquid freezes / below which a liquid freezes sent5: freezing point is a property of a substance / material sent6: variability of shape / variability of volume is a kind of physical property sent7: freezing causes a solid to form sent8: ice is a kind of solid sent9: when water freezes , that water expands sent10: state of matter is a property of matter and includes ordered values of solid / liquid / gas sent11: temperature is a measure of kinetic energy of molecules sent12: freezing means a substance changes from a liquid to a solid sent13: state of matter is a kind of physical property sent14: water is put into the freezer sent15: temperature is a measure of heat energy sent16: water expanding when it freezes is a physical property of water sent17: frozen means solid sent18: freezing point is similar to melting point sent19: shape is a kind of physical property sent20: surface area is a property of shape sent21: cooling means temperature decreases sent22: liquid water cooling causes that liquid water to freeze sent23: phase changes change the arrangement of molecules in a substance / in a sample sent24: matter in the liquid phase has definite volume sent25: water is a kind of polar substance
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] water is put into the freezer [AND] a freezer is used for cooling things [INFER] int1: the water will cool in the freezer [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] liquid water cooling causes that liquid water to freeze [INFER] int2: the water will freeze in the freezer [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] freezing means a substance changes from a liquid to a solid [INFER] int3: the water will change to a solid in the freezer [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] matter in the solid phase has definite shape [INFER] int4: the water will have definite shape after it freezes into a solid
Question: When liquid water freezes, it forms ice. What is the physical state of an ice cube?
Answer: solid
Hypothesis: an ice cube is a kind of solid
Supporting facts: sent1: ice is a kind of solid sent2: ice cube is made of ice sent3: melting point is a property of a substance / material sent4: melting point means temperature at which a solid melts / above which a solid melts sent5: a glacier is made of ice sent6: matter in the solid phase has definite shape sent7: shape is a kind of physical property sent8: cold means low in temperature sent9: freezing means cold temperatures sent10: icy means made of ice sent11: state means form sent12: ice sheet / polar ice sheet is a kind of glacier sent13: freezing point means temperature at which a liquid freezes / below which a liquid freezes sent14: melting is when solids are heated above their melting point sent15: rocks in liquid state is similar to melted rock sent16: frozen means solid sent17: temperature / heat energy is a property of objects / weather and includes ordered values of cold / cool / warm / hot sent18: the freezing point of water / melting point of water is 32f / 0c / 273k sent19: freezing point is a kind of physical property sent20: stay the same means not changing sent21: ice is colder in temperature than water sent22: state of matter means physical state sent23: freezing point is a property of a substance / material sent24: freezing point is similar to melting point sent25: ice is cold in temperature
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] ice is a kind of solid [AND] ice cube is made of ice [INFER] int1: an ice cube is a kind of solid
Question: When an ice cube melts, its state of matter changes from a
Answer: solid to a liquid
Hypothesis: when an ice cube melts, it changes from a solid to a liquid
Supporting facts: sent1: melting means a substance changes from a solid into a liquid by increasing heat energy sent2: frozen means solid sent3: state of matter means physical state sent4: unchanged means not changed sent5: physical state means state of matter sent6: heat means heat energy sent7: matter in the solid phase has definite shape sent8: volume has no impact on boiling / melting / freezing point sent9: ice cream is a kind of solid sent10: temperature changing does not cause mass to change sent11: temperature is a measure of kinetic energy of molecules sent12: an ice cube melts sent13: melting point means temperature at which a solid melts / above which a solid melts sent14: moving an object from a cool place to a warm place causes the object 's temperature to increase sent15: matter in the liquid phase has definite volume sent16: state of matter is a kind of physical property sent17: matter in the solid phase has definite volume sent18: an ice cube is a kind of substance sent19: state of matter at room temperature is a kind of physical property sent20: matter in the liquid phase has variable shape sent21: rocks in liquid state is similar to melted rock sent22: ice crystals means ice sent23: warm / becoming warm means heat is added sent24: phase means state sent25: melting point is a property of a substance / material
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] melting means a substance changes from a solid into a liquid by increasing heat energy [AND] an ice cube melts [AND] an ice cube is a kind of substance [INFER] int1: when an ice cube melts, it changes from a solid to a liquid
Question: Which list gives the correct order of substances from the lowest melting point to the highest?
Answer: oxygen, water, iron
Hypothesis: the melting point of oxygen is lower than water and the melting point of water is lower than iron
Supporting facts: sent1: liquid has a a lower melting point than solid sent2: state of matter means physical state sent3: 0 c is lower than 1538 c sent4: the freezing point of water / melting point of water is 32f / 0c / 273k sent5: water is in the solid state , called ice , for temperatures between 0 / -459 / -273 and 273 / 32 / 0 k / f / c sent6: volume has no impact on boiling / melting / freezing point sent7: state of matter is a property of matter and includes ordered values of solid / liquid / gas sent8: rocks in liquid state is similar to melted rock sent9: adding heat means increasing temperature sent10: the melting point of oxygen is -3618f / -2188c / 544k sent11: water is in the liquid state , called liquid water , for temperatures between 273 / 32 / 0 and 373 / 212 / 100 k / f / c sent12: ice is a kind of solid sent13: melting point means temperature at which a solid melts / above which a solid melts sent14: -2188 c is lower than 0 c sent15: solid is a kind of state of matter sent16: as state of matter changes , mass will not change sent17: boiling point is the highest temperature a liquid can reach sent18: melting is a kind of phase change sent19: melting is when solids are heated above their melting point sent20: metals usually have higher melting points than nonmetals sent21: the melting point of iron is 2800f / 1538c / 1811k sent22: freezing point is similar to melting point sent23: freezing point means temperature at which a liquid freezes / below which a liquid freezes sent24: mass has no impact on boiling / melting / freezing point sent25: rocks is in the liquid state , called magma / molten rock , for temperatures between 1100 / 600 and 2400 / 1300 f / c
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the melting point of iron is 2800f / 1538c / 1811k [AND] 0 c is lower than 1538 c [AND] the freezing point of water / melting point of water is 32f / 0c / 273k [INFER] int1: the melting point of water is lower than the melting point of iron [BECAUSE] the melting point of oxygen is -3618f / -2188c / 544k [AND] -2188 c is lower than 0 c [AND] the freezing point of water / melting point of water is 32f / 0c / 273k [INFER] int2: the melting point of oxygen is lower than the melting point of water [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: the melting point of oxygen is lower than water and the melting point of water is lower than iron
Question: When ice melts, it becomes a
Answer: liquid.
Hypothesis: ice will change into a liquid when it melts
Supporting facts: sent1: heat means temperature increases sent2: state of matter is a property of matter and includes ordered values of solid / liquid / gas sent3: to be made of something means to be formed of that something sent4: heat energy can change the state of matter sent5: adding heat means increasing temperature sent6: liquid has a a lower melting point than solid sent7: become warm means get warm sent8: melting point means temperature at which a solid melts / above which a solid melts sent9: melting is a kind of process sent10: metals usually have higher melting points than nonmetals sent11: warm / becoming warm means heat is added sent12: heat means the transfer of thermal energy sent13: melting point is a property of a substance / material sent14: state of matter means physical state sent15: ice is a kind of solid sent16: melting means matter / a substance changes from a solid into a liquid by increasing heat energy sent17: volume has no impact on boiling / melting / freezing point sent18: rocks in liquid state is similar to melted rock sent19: heat means heat energy sent20: becoming is similar to forming sent21: mass has no impact on boiling / melting / freezing point sent22: frozen means solid sent23: ice melts sent24: ice crystals means ice sent25: becoming is a kind of action
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] ice is a kind of solid [AND] melting means matter / a substance changes from a solid into a liquid by increasing heat energy [AND] ice melts [INFER] int1: ice will change into a liquid when it melts
Question: When the wax from a candle drips, the wax has reached
Answer: its melting point.
Hypothesis: the melting wax has been heated above its melting point
Supporting facts: sent1: heating means adding heat sent2: faster means an increase / higher in speed sent3: the wax from candle is usually in solid state sent4: a phase change is when matter / a substance changes from one state of matter into another state of matter sent5: phase means state sent6: boiling point is the highest temperature a liquid can reach sent7: gas is a kind of state of matter sent8: increase means more sent9: state of matter means physical state sent10: melting is when solids are heated above their melting point sent11: heat means temperature increases sent12: when something reaches something else , that something has usually completed its movement sent13: state of matter is a property of matter and includes ordered values of solid / liquid / gas sent14: melting is a kind of phase change sent15: heat energy can change the state of matter sent16: warmer means greater / higher in temperature / warmth sent17: matter in the liquid state drips sent18: warm / becoming warm means heat is added sent19: melting means matter / a substance changes from a solid into a liquid by increasing heat energy sent20: the wax from a candle drips sent21: melting point means temperature at which a solid melts / above which a solid melts sent22: temperature is a measure of heat energy sent23: adding heat means increasing temperature sent24: wax is a kind of matter sent25: particles in a liquid are close to each other
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] matter in the liquid state drips [AND] the wax from a candle drips [AND] wax is a kind of matter [INFER] int1: the dripping wax is in liquid state [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] the wax from candle is usually in solid state [INFER] int2: the wax has changed from a solid state to a liquid state [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] melting means matter / a substance changes from a solid into a liquid by increasing heat energy [INFER] int3: the wax from the candle melted [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] melting is when solids are heated above their melting point [INFER] int4: the melting wax has been heated above its melting point
Question: When ice cream is left out of a freezer, the ice cream changes from a ___.
Answer: solid to a liquid
Hypothesis: the ice cream will melt and change from a solid to a liquid
Supporting facts: sent1: phase means state sent2: temperature is a measure of heat energy sent3: to change means to become different sent4: warm up means increase temperature sent5: moving an object from a cool place to a warm place causes the object 's temperature to increase sent6: an ice cube is a kind of solid sent7: cooling means temperature decreases sent8: matter in the liquid phase has definite volume sent9: become warm means get warm sent10: matter in the liquid phase has variable shape sent11: becoming is similar to changing sent12: warm / becoming warm means heat is added sent13: ice cream is left out of a freezer sent14: melting point means temperature at which a solid melts / above which a solid melts sent15: keeping cool means not increasing temperature sent16: if something is taken out of a freezer then it's moved to a warmer place sent17: ice cream is a kind of solid sent18: to become is similar to change into sent19: melting means matter / a substance changes from a solid into a liquid by increasing heat energy sent20: stay the same means not changing sent21: an object moving from a cool place to a warm place causes the object 's temperature to increase sent22: phase changes change the arrangement of molecules in a substance / in a sample sent23: melting point is a property of a substance / material sent24: adding heat means increasing temperature sent25: ice cube is made of ice
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] ice cream is left out of a freezer [AND] if something is taken out of a freezer then it's moved to a warmer place [INFER] int1: the ice cream is moved to a warmer place [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] moving an object from a cool place to a warm place causes the object 's temperature to increase [INFER] int2: the ice cream will increase in temperature [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] temperature is a measure of heat energy [INFER] int3: the ice cream will increase in heat energy [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] ice cream is a kind of solid [AND] melting means matter / a substance changes from a solid into a liquid by increasing heat energy [INFER] int4: the ice cream will melt and change from a solid to a liquid
Question: Which will most likely happen to a solid substance that is heated?
Answer: It will melt.
Hypothesis: the solid object will melt when added heat energy
Supporting facts: sent1: state of matter is a kind of physical property sent2: ice is a kind of solid sent3: adding heat means increasing temperature sent4: melting point means temperature at which a solid melts / above which a solid melts sent5: as the temperature of a substance increases , the molecules in that substance will move faster / farther apart sent6: melting means matter / a substance changes from a solid into a liquid by increasing heat energy sent7: if heat is absorbed from a source then that heat source will cool sent8: heat energy is synonymous with thermal energy sent9: heating means adding heat sent10: mass has no impact on boiling / melting / freezing point sent11: state of matter is a property of matter and includes ordered values of solid / liquid / gas sent12: melting point is a property of a substance / material sent13: liquid has a a lower melting point than solid sent14: as heat is transferred from something to something else , the temperature of that something will decrease sent15: rocks in liquid state is similar to melted rock sent16: a solid object is heated sent17: temperature is a measure of kinetic energy of molecules sent18: cooling means temperature decreases sent19: heat means the transfer of thermal energy sent20: thermal conduction is when heat flows from warmer object to cooler object sent21: state of matter means physical state sent22: warm up means increase temperature sent23: state of matter at room temperature is a kind of physical property sent24: material means substance sent25: physical state means state of matter
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a solid object is heated [AND] heating means adding heat [INFER] int1: heat energy is added to the solid object [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] melting means matter / a substance changes from a solid into a liquid by increasing heat energy [INFER] int2: the solid object will melt when added heat energy
Question: Ice cream in a bowl changed from solid to liquid in a few minutes. Which of the following most likely caused this change?
Answer: Heat was added to the ice cream.
Hypothesis: ice cream melts by increasing heat energy
Supporting facts: sent1: minutes are a kind of unit for measuring time sent2: an ice cube is a kind of solid sent3: increasing heat causes thermal expansion sent4: moving an object from a cool place to a warm place causes the object 's temperature to increase sent5: matter in the solid phase has definite volume sent6: applying heat means adding heat energy sent7: melting point is a property of a substance / material sent8: increase means more sent9: thermal energy is a kind of energy sent10: adding heat means increasing temperature sent11: cooling means temperature decreases sent12: ice cream changes from solid to liquid sent13: an object moving from a cool place to a warm place causes the object 's temperature to increase sent14: warm / becoming warm means heat is added sent15: ice cream is a kind of solid sent16: melting means matter / a substance changes from a solid into a liquid by increasing heat energy sent17: heat energy can be used to heat up an object sent18: matter in the liquid phase has variable shape sent19: heat means the transfer of thermal energy sent20: matter in the solid phase has definite shape sent21: warm up means increase temperature sent22: phase changes change the arrangement of molecules in a substance / in a sample sent23: to add means to increase sent24: melting point means temperature at which a solid melts / above which a solid melts sent25: a solid is a kind of substance
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] ice cream is a kind of solid [AND] a solid is a kind of substance [INFER] int1: ice cream is a solid substance [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] ice cream changes from solid to liquid [AND] melting means matter / a substance changes from a solid into a liquid by increasing heat energy [INFER] int2: ice cream melts by increasing heat energy
Question: A mountain with a melting glacier has a stream with a waterfall. The waterfall fills a lake at the base of the mountain. Where is the water coldest?
Answer: glacier
Hypothesis: the glacier has the colder water
Supporting facts: sent1: a mountain is a kind of landform sent2: if glaciers melt , then the melting glacial ice will be freshwater sent3: icy means made of ice sent4: ice sheet / polar ice sheet is a kind of glacier sent5: a waterfall contains water sent6: cooler means colder sent7: empty into a body of water means enters a body of water sent8: earth contains glaciers / ice caps sent9: the arctic environment usually is cold in temperature from being at a northern lattitude sent10: melting point means temperature at which a solid melts / above which a solid melts sent11: if the atmospheric temperature rises then the glaciers will melt sent12: temperature / heat energy is a property of objects / weather and includes ordered values of cold / cool / warm / hot sent13: cool means cold sent14: freezing point is similar to melting point sent15: ice is found in arctic environments sent16: warmer means greater / higher in temperature / warmth sent17: a glacier is made of ice sent18: warm is the opposite of cool sent19: melting is when solids are heated above their melting point sent20: temperature is a property of air mass and includes ordered values of cold / warm sent21: melting point is a property of a substance / material sent22: antarctic polar ice contains ice / glaciers sent23: snow is cold sent24: ice is colder in temperature than water sent25: snow is a kind of ice
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a glacier is made of ice [AND] ice is colder in temperature than water [AND] a waterfall contains water [INFER] int1: the glacier has the colder water