ariesutiono/entailment-bank-v3 huggingface dataset:
Question: The primary function of a doorbell circuit is to convert electrical energy into
Answer: sound.
Hypothesis: an electric circuit causes the doorbell to convert the electrical energy into sound energy
Supporting facts: sent1: converting is similar to producing sent2: converting is similar to generating sent3: closing an electric circuit causes an electrical device to function sent4: vibrating matter can produce sound sent5: an electrical device requires electricity to turn on sent6: sound waves means sound energy sent7: sound means sound energy sent8: the function of something is what that something is used to do sent9: energy conversion is similar to energy transformation sent10: noise means sound sent11: ringing is a kind of action sent12: wave motion is transferred from the source to matter to produce sound sent13: human voice is a kind of sound sent14: energy transformation means one kind of energy changes into another kind of energy sent15: sound is a kind of air vibration sent16: if something generates energy for something else then that something powers that something else sent17: converting is similar to turning into sent18: sound wave is similar to sound sent19: electrical current means electrical energy sent20: if something has the ability to do something else , then that something can do that something else sent21: to transform means to convert sent22: electricity means electrical energy sent23: function is similar to purpose sent24: a doorbell converts electrical energy into sound energy sent25: a doorbell is a kind of electric device
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a doorbell is a kind of electric device [AND] closing an electric circuit causes an electrical device to function [INFER] int1: an electric circuit causes a doorbell to function [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a doorbell converts electrical energy into sound energy [INFER] int2: an electric circuit causes the doorbell to convert the electrical energy into sound energy
Question: A device that converts light energy into electricity used in many handheld calculators is a
Answer: photovoltaic cell.
Hypothesis: photovoltaic cells are used in handheld calculators to convert light energy into electricity
Supporting facts: sent1: light is a kind of nonliving thing sent2: where something comes from is a source of that something sent3: similar means in common sent4: if something has the ability to do something else , then that something can do that something else sent5: visible light is a kind of light sent6: conversion is a kind of process sent7: charge is a property of an object / a material / a substance and includes ordered values of negatively-charged / neutral / positively-charged sent8: light is a kind of wave sent9: converting is similar to generating sent10: energy conversion is similar to energy transformation sent11: photovoltaic cells convert light energy into electricity / electrical energy sent12: device means tool sent13: converting is similar to producing sent14: a flashlight requires a source of electricity to produce light sent15: to transform means to convert sent16: electricity means electrical energy sent17: light means light energy sent18: photovoltaic cells can be used in handheld calculators sent19: useful means able to be used sent20: converting is similar to turning into sent21: light is a kind of electromagnetic radiation sent22: amount is a property of something and includes ordered values of none / least / little / some / half / much / many / most / all sent23: energy transformation means one kind of energy changes into another kind of energy sent24: something is used for that something 's purpose sent25: if something is powered by something else then that something requires a source of that something else
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] photovoltaic cells convert light energy into electricity / electrical energy [AND] photovoltaic cells can be used in handheld calculators [INFER] int1: photovoltaic cells are used in handheld calculators to convert light energy into electricity
Question: Solar cells absorb energy from the sun. In order to use this energy to power household appliances, solar cells must convert the absorbed energy to
Answer: electricity.
Hypothesis: the energy absorbed by solar cells will be used on powering household appliances
Supporting facts: sent1: photovoltaic cells convert light energy into electricity / electrical energy sent2: sunlight is a kind of solar energy sent3: absorbing energy causes objects / materials / substances to heat sent4: converting is similar to generating sent5: electric devices require electrical energy to function sent6: electricity is made of moving charges / moving charged particles sent7: converting is similar to producing sent8: an incandescent light bulb converts electrical energy / electricity into light energy and heat energy by sending electricity through a filament sent9: household appliances are a kind of electric device sent10: solar cells convert solar energy into electrical energy sent11: converting is similar to turning into sent12: energy conversion is similar to energy transformation sent13: a light bulb converts electrical energy / electricity into light energy / light energy and heat energy sent14: light is a kind of energy sent15: to transform means to convert sent16: energy transformation means one kind of energy changes into another kind of energy sent17: all cells take in energy sent18: a solar panel is made of solar cells sent19: conversion is a kind of process sent20: solar power means solar energy sent21: battery-powered is similar to battery-operated sent22: all cells require energy sent23: sunlight is a kind of light sent24: sunlight means solar energy sent25: convert is similar to transfer
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] electric devices require electrical energy to function [AND] household appliances are a kind of electric device [INFER] int1: household appliances require electrical energy to function [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] solar cells convert solar energy into electrical energy [INFER] int2: the energy absorbed by solar cells will be used on powering household appliances
Question: A hurricane is a heat engine which converts one kind of energy into another. Hurricanes convert most of the heat energy into
Answer: mechanical energy.
Hypothesis: a hurricane converts heat energy into mechanical energy
Supporting facts: sent1: heat and moisture over ocean cause the formation of a hurricane sent2: heat energy is synonymous with thermal energy sent3: increasing heat causes thermal expansion sent4: converting is similar to producing sent5: if something causes an increase in something else then that something produces that something else sent6: heat energy can be used to heat up an object sent7: convert is similar to transfer sent8: converting is similar to generating sent9: a source of heat can be used to heat something sent10: a source of something increases the amount of that something sent11: if an organism can do something , then that organism is able to do that something sent12: heat energy can change the state of matter sent13: heat means the transfer of thermal energy sent14: where something comes from is a source of that something sent15: hurricane is a kind of severe weather sent16: heat means heat energy sent17: a hurricane is a kind of heat engine sent18: converting is similar to turning into sent19: to transform means to convert sent20: energy conversion is similar to energy transformation sent21: if something has the ability to do something else , then that something can do that something else sent22: a heat engine converts heat energy into mechanical energy sent23: adding heat means increasing temperature sent24: producing thrust causes something / an animal / an object to move sent25: if something is powered by something else then that something requires a source of that something else
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a hurricane is a kind of heat engine [AND] a heat engine converts heat energy into mechanical energy [INFER] int1: a hurricane converts heat energy into mechanical energy
Question: Which statement best describes the energy transformations that occur when a candle burns?
Answer: Chemical energy from the wax is converted into light and heat energy.
Hypothesis: the energy transformation in wax is from chemical energy to light and heat energy
Supporting facts: sent1: temperature is a measure of kinetic energy of molecules sent2: heat energy can change the state of matter sent3: substances contain chemical bond energy sent4: burning wood is used to produce heat sent5: lighting a candle causes that candle to burn sent6: energy transformation means one kind of energy changes into another kind of energy sent7: energy conversion is similar to energy transformation sent8: phase changes change the arrangement of molecules in a substance / in a sample sent9: wax contains chemical energy sent10: converting is similar to producing sent11: heating means adding heat sent12: light means light energy sent13: heat means heat energy sent14: light is a kind of energy sent15: to combust means to catch fire sent16: combustion means fire converts chemical energy into light energy and heat energy sent17: chemical reaction means chemical bonds change sent18: different substances usually have different amount of chemical energy sent19: if something converts one kind of energy into other kinds of energy then that something originally stores that energy as the first kind of energy sent20: a candle is made of wax sent21: adding heat means increasing temperature sent22: heat energy is synonymous with thermal energy sent23: burning is similar to combustion sent24: fire transfers heat through waves sent25: adding heat to an object sometimes causes chemical reactions
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] burning is similar to combustion [AND] lighting a candle causes that candle to burn [INFER] int1: lighting a candle causes the candle to combust [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a candle is made of wax [INFER] int2: lighting a candle causes the wax in candle to combust [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] combustion means fire converts chemical energy into light energy and heat energy [AND] wax contains chemical energy [INFER] int3: combustion converts the chemical energy in wax into light and heat energy [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] energy transformation means one kind of energy changes into another kind of energy [INFER] int4: the energy transformation in wax is from chemical energy to light and heat energy
Question: Which of these uses sound waves to locate underwater objects?
Answer: sonar
Hypothesis: sonar uses sound waves to locate objects underwater
Supporting facts: sent1: wave motion is transferred from the source to matter to produce sound sent2: if sound is absorbed then that sound can not be heard sent3: noise means sound sent4: sonar usually is used for locating objects underwater sent5: discovering something usually requires seeing that something sent6: underwater means below water sent7: underwater means covered by water sent8: if the frequency of a sound wave is too high , then human cannot hear the sound sent9: all waves transfer / transmit energy from one place to another sent10: sonar is used to find the location of an object by sound waves sent11: sound waves transfer energy sent12: to be used for something means to help to do that something sent13: to detect means to find sent14: finding something means locating that something sent15: sound waves spread in all directions away from their source sent16: location is a kind of information sent17: sound wave is similar to sound sent18: to discover means to find sent19: if something has the ability to do something else , then that something can do that something else sent20: sound means sound energy sent21: to identify means to discover sent22: sound waves means sound energy sent23: ability is a property of things and includes ordered values of able / unable / can / cannot sent24: seeking something means trying to find / searching for something sent25: locating means determining
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] sonar is used to find the location of an object by sound waves [AND] sonar usually is used for locating objects underwater [INFER] int1: sonar uses sound waves to locate objects underwater
Question: Wire was looped several times around an iron nail, and the wire's ends were connected to a battery. For which of these will this device most likely be used?
Answer: to create a magnetic field
Hypothesis: a magnetic field will be generated when a wire is looped around an iron nail and is connected to a circuit
Supporting facts: sent1: something is used for that something 's purpose sent2: if something has the ability to do something else , then that something can do that something else sent3: to create means to make sent4: electromagnets generate magnetic fields sent5: a magnetic field is a kind of force sent6: to produce means to create sent7: an iron chain is made of iron sent8: to be used for something means to be required by that something sent9: a electromagnet is formed by attaching an iron nail wrapped in a copper wire to a circuit sent10: once means one time sent11: a magnet attracts magnetic metals / ferromagnetic metals through magnetism sent12: to generate means to form sent13: electromagnets can be powered by electricity sent14: the metal is the core of electromagnet sent15: magnetism is a kind of physical property sent16: magnetic force means magnetism sent17: the function of something is what that something is used to do sent18: creating means making sent19: creating a simple circuit requires a wire / battery sent20: the wire's ends were connected to a battery sent21: wire was looped several times around an iron nail sent22: a source of something emits / produces / generates / provides that something sent23: magnetism is a property of materials / objects and includes ordered values of nonmagnetic / magnetic sent24: an electromagnet requires a ferrous metal to be the core sent25: magnetism is a kind of energy
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] creating a simple circuit requires a wire / battery [AND] the wire's ends were connected to a battery [INFER] int1: the wire's ends were connected to a simple circuit [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] wire was looped several times around an iron nail [INFER] int2: the wire is looped several times around an iron nail and is connected to a circuit [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] a electromagnet is formed by attaching an iron nail wrapped in a copper wire to a circuit [INFER] int3: an electromaget is formed when a wire is looped around an iron nail and is connceted to a circuit [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] electromagnets generate magnetic fields [INFER] int4: a magnetic field will be generated when a wire is looped around an iron nail and is connected to a circuit
Question: A generator converts mechanical energy to electrical energy by using a conducting metal loop turning in a
Answer: magnetic field.
Hypothesis: moving a metal loop in the magnetic field generates electrical current
Supporting facts: sent1: rotate means turn sent2: converting is similar to producing sent3: electromagnetic energy is a kind of energy sent4: mechanical energy of a system includes the sum of kinetic energy and potential energy in the system sent5: sending electricity through a conductor causes electricity / electric current to flow through that conductor sent6: an electrical conductor is a vehicle for the flow of electricity sent7: charge is a property of an object / a material / a substance and includes ordered values of negatively-charged / neutral / positively-charged sent8: electrical current means electrical energy sent9: a magnet moving in a coil of copper wire can cause an electric current sent10: electrical current running through a wire causes that wire to heat up / to become warm sent11: energy transformation means one kind of energy changes into another kind of energy sent12: completing a circuit causes electricity / electric current to flow through that circuit sent13: potential energy is a kind of energy sent14: an electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy sent15: moving a coil of wire in the magnetic field generates electrical current sent16: converting is similar to generating sent17: an example of an object with kinetic energy is an object in motion sent18: converting is similar to turning into sent19: energy conversion is similar to energy transformation sent20: electricity means electrical energy sent21: current means electric current sent22: mechanical energy can cause objects to move sent23: a metal loop is similar to a coil of wire sent24: rotating is similar to moving sent25: a wire is a part of an electrical circuit for conducting electricity
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] moving a coil of wire in the magnetic field generates electrical current [AND] a metal loop is similar to a coil of wire [INFER] int1: moving a metal loop in the magnetic field generates electrical current
Question: Carlos puts a new battery into a radio. What does the battery supply to the radio that makes it turn on?
Answer: electricity
Hypothesis: the battery converts chemical energy into electrical energy to power a radio
Supporting facts: sent1: a battery converts chemical energy into electrical energy for powering electrical devices sent2: an electric circuit is a vehicle for moving electrical energy from the source to the electrical device sent3: to power means to provide energy for sent4: a radio is a kind of electrical device sent5: electrical devices are used for industrial purposes / household purposes by humans sent6: if something releases something else then that something is the source of that something else sent7: a battery-operated device is a kind of electrical device sent8: charging a battery is when energy is converted into potential energy in the battery to store the energy sent9: to run on means to use as an energy source sent10: an electric motor is a kind of electrical device sent11: if something performs a task then that task is that something 's function sent12: battery-powered is similar to battery-operated sent13: a complete electrical circuit is a source of electrical energy sent14: energy transformation means one kind of energy changes into another kind of energy sent15: an electric outlet is a source of electricity sent16: a device requires energy to operate sent17: electrical energy is a kind of energy sent18: a battery contains chemical energy sent19: unbalanced electrical charge of object / material causes static electricity sent20: electrical current running through a wire causes that wire to heat up / to become warm sent21: electrical signals are made of electrical energy sent22: powering an electrical device with a battery requires a path for electricity to flow through a closed circuit sent23: if something generates energy for something else then that something powers that something else sent24: batteries convert chemical energy to electrical energy sent25: electrical devices convert from electrical energy / electricity into other forms of energy
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a battery converts chemical energy into electrical energy for powering electrical devices [AND] a radio is a kind of electrical device [INFER] int1: the battery converts chemical energy into electrical energy to power a radio
Question: In which object does chemical energy most likely transform into electrical energy?
Answer: a flashlight
Hypothesis: when a flashlight is used, the energy is changed from chemical energy into electrical energy and then into light energy
Supporting facts: sent1: powering an electrical device with a battery requires a path for electricity to flow through a closed circuit sent2: battery is the source of electrical energy for battery-operated device sent3: electrical devices are used for industrial purposes / household purposes by humans sent4: an electrical device requires electricity to turn on sent5: electrical current means electrical energy sent6: charge is a property of an object / a material / a substance and includes ordered values of negatively-charged / neutral / positively-charged sent7: electrical devices convert from electrical energy  into other forms of energy sent8: a battery-operated device is a kind of electrical device sent9: electricity means electrical energy sent10: light is a kind of electromagnetic radiation sent11: a flashlight is a kind of battery-operated device sent12: a flashlight is a kind of electrical device sent13: light is a kind of energy sent14: light means light energy sent15: a flashlight emits light sent16: a battery is a kind of object sent17: batteries convert chemical energy to electrical energy sent18: batteries can be used to power electrical devices sent19: a kind of is similar to a form of sent20: battery-powered is similar to battery-operated sent21: a light bulb requires electrical energy to produce light sent22: a device requires energy to operate sent23: a light bulb is used for seeing in the dark sent24: operating electrical appliances requires electricity sent25: a battery is a kind of electrical power source
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a flashlight is a kind of battery-operated device [AND] battery is the source of electrical energy for battery-operated device [INFER] int1: battery is the source of electrical energy for a flashlight [BECAUSE] a flashlight is a kind of electrical device [AND] electrical devices convert from electrical energy  into other forms of energy [INFER] int2: a flashlight converts electrical energy into other forms of energy [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] light is a kind of energy [AND] a flashlight emits light [AND] a kind of is similar to a form of [INFER] int3: a flashlight converts electrical energy into light energy [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int3 [INFER] int4: a flashlight converts electrical energy from the battery into light energy [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] batteries convert chemical energy to electrical energy [INFER] int5: when a flashlight is used, the energy is changed from chemical energy into electrical energy and then into light energy