ariesutiono/entailment-bank-v3 huggingface dataset:
Question: Why are many telescopes used far from cities?
Answer: The light from the cities makes it hard to see stars.
Hypothesis: as distance to a city decreases, the increased light pollution will make using telescope to see stars harder
Supporting facts: sent1: moving away from the source increases the distance sent2: as the amount of light decreases , the difficulty to see shadows will increase sent3: not looking means not seeing sent4: if an object reflects more light then that object is more easily seen sent5: a telescope is used for observing stars sent6: if an object is in the light then that object is blocking the light sent7: using a telescope to photograph solar events requires a light filter sent8: if something is visible , then that something can be observed sent9: a reflecting telescope is a kind of telescope sent10: light reflecting off of an object causes that object to be visible to the observer sent11: difficulty seeing means visibility decreases sent12: human eyes can only see light in the range of visible light sent13: as distance to an object increases , that object will appear smaller sent14: seeing small things is difficult sent15: light pollution is made of light sent16: as the distance from an object increases , the force of gravity on that object will decrease sent17: if an object reflects light toward the eye then that object can be seen sent18: if something is in a dark place , then that something will not reflect enough light to be seen sent19: as distance to a city decreases , the amount of light pollution will increase sent20: as light pollution increases , seeing the stars will be harder sent21: a restriction can be used to limit something / keep something low sent22: as distance from an object decreases , the pull of gravity on that object increases sent23: light rays can have a negative impact on the eyes sent24: looking at bright objects has a negative impact on the eyes sent25: detailed observation of celestial objects requires a telescope
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] as light pollution increases , seeing the stars will be harder [AND] a telescope is used for observing stars [INFER] int1: as light pollution increases, using telescope to see the stars will be harder [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] as distance to a city decreases , the amount of light pollution will increase [INFER] int2: as distance to a city decreases, the increased light pollution will make using telescope to see stars harder
Question: Which of these would best help a scientist discover a new planet?
Answer: looking at the night sky with a telescope
Hypothesis: making discoveries about the sky requires using a telescope to observe the sky
Supporting facts: sent1: revolving around something means orbiting that something sent2: planets in the solar system orbit the sun sent3: looking is similar to observing sent4: a planet is a kind of location sent5: instrument means tool sent6: to discover means to make a discovery sent7: getting information sometimes requires observing / observation sent8: planets orbit stars sent9: a telescope is used for observing the sky by astronomers sent10: a satellite orbits a planet sent11: if something is visible , then that something can be observed sent12: a comet is a kind of celestial object sent13: scientific discoveries sometimes require specific technologies sent14: a galaxy is a kind of celestial body / celestial object sent15: to discover means to find sent16: to detect means to find sent17: celestial bodies / celestial objects are found in space sent18: a dwarf planet usually is much smaller in size / in mass than other planets sent19: a satellite is a kind of instrument for observing earth 's surface sent20: if an object orbits a celestial object then that object is probably a celestial object as well sent21: astronomy is the study of celestial (objects, bodies) sent22: to be used for something means to help to do that something sent23: planets are found in space sent24: making discoveries requires observing sent25: galileo galilei improved the telescope to make better observations of celestial bodies
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] making discoveries requires observing [AND] a telescope is used for observing the sky by astronomers [INFER] int1: making discoveries about the sky requires using a telescope to observe the sky
Question: What is necessary to use on a telescope in order to photograph solar flares and solar prominences?
Answer: a light filter
Hypothesis: using a telescope to photograph a solar prominence and a solar flare requires a light filter
Supporting facts: sent1: to be used for something means to help to do that something sent2: instrument means device sent3: sunlight contains infrared light sent4: useful means able to be used sent5: a solar prominence is a kind of solar event sent6: to be used for something means to be required by that something sent7: avoiding something requires sensing that something sent8: if an object is in the light then that object is blocking the light sent9: a solar flare is a kind of solar event sent10: instrument means tool sent11: getting information sometimes requires observing / observation sent12: something is used for that something 's purpose sent13: human eyes can only see light in the range of visible light sent14: discovering something usually requires seeing that something sent15: if something requires something else then that something else is important to that something sent16: if something is visible , then that something can be observed sent17: solar radiation means solar energy sent18: to cause an event means to make that event more likely sent19: visible light can be seen without using equipment sent20: using a telescope to photograph solar events requires a light filter sent21: to observe means to gather information sent22: light reflecting off of an object causes that object to be visible to the observer sent23: studying something usually requires seeing that something sent24: a reflecting telescope is a kind of telescope sent25: viewing means observing light
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] using a telescope to photograph solar events requires a light filter [AND] a solar prominence is a kind of solar event [AND] a solar flare is a kind of solar event [INFER] int1: using a telescope to photograph a solar prominence and a solar flare requires a light filter
Question: Which of the following can only be seen with a telescope?
Answer: the moon-like phases of Venus
Hypothesis: a telescope can be used to observe the moon-like phases of venus
Supporting facts: sent1: an optical telescope requires visible light for human to use sent2: revolving around something means orbiting that something sent3: celestial objects are located in outer space sent4: venus has moon-like phases sent5: planets orbit stars sent6: a reflecting telescope is a kind of telescope sent7: mercury is a kind of planet sent8: if something is a part of something then that something can be found in that something sent9: celestial bodies / celestial objects are found in space sent10: observable means visible sent11: a celestial body is any identifiable object in space sent12: if an object orbits a celestial object then that object is probably a celestial object as well sent13: mars is a kind of inner planet sent14: if something is located in somewhere , then something can be found in somewhere sent15: planets in the solar system orbit the sun sent16: look at means observe sent17: viewing means observing light sent18: a telescope is used for observing planets sent19: to see means to look sent20: an optical telescope is a kind of telescope sent21: planets are found in space sent22: to view means to see sent23: a star is a kind of celestial object / celestial body sent24: venus is a kind of planet sent25: mars is a kind of planet
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a telescope is used for observing planets [AND] venus is a kind of planet [INFER] int1: a telescope can be used for observing venus [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] venus has moon-like phases [INFER] int2: a telescope can be used to observe the moon-like phases of venus
Question: What advantage is gained by using radio telescopes as opposed to optical telescopes?
Answer: ability to see through clouds and dust
Hypothesis: the radio telescopes can still be used when there is clouds or dusts
Supporting facts: sent1: useful means able to be used sent2: radio wave is a kind of electromagnetic wave sent3: sight means vision sent4: detailed observation of celestial objects requires a telescope sent5: to see means to look sent6: if something is in a dark place , then that something will not reflect enough light to be seen sent7: to reflect light means to scatter light sent8: radio telescopes can see through clouds and dust sent9: human eyes can only see light in the range of visible light sent10: help means advantage sent11: electromagnetic waves can be used to transmit information through space sent12: viewing means observing light sent13: useful means good to use sent14: visible means able to be seen sent15: if an object is in the light then that object is blocking the light sent16: if an object reflects light toward the eye then that object can be seen sent17: an optical telescope requires visible light for human to use sent18: clouds block sunlight from reaching the ground sent19: using a telescope to photograph solar events requires a light filter sent20: clouds / dusts block visible light sent21: if an object reflects more light then that object is more easily seen sent22: sight means to see sent23: light reflecting off of an object causes that object to be visible to the observer sent24: visible light can be seen without using equipment sent25: instrument means device
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] an optical telescope requires visible light for human to use [AND] clouds / dusts block visible light [INFER] int1: if there is clouds or dusts, then the optical telescope cannot be used [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] radio telescopes can see through clouds and dust [INFER] int2: the radio telescopes can still be used when there is clouds or dusts
Question: The invention of the telescope allowed which of the following to take place?
Answer: detailed observation of planets
Hypothesis: telescopes allow the detailed observation of planets
Supporting facts: sent1: to be used for something means to help to do that something sent2: to be used for is similar to allowing sent3: celestial bodies / celestial objects are found in space sent4: the ability to do means be able to do sent5: to make possible means to be required sent6: helping means something can be done / completed more easily / better sent7: an instrument is a piece of equipment sent8: instrument means device sent9: if something is required for something else then that something allows that something else sent10: detailed observation of celestial objects requires a telescope sent11: astronomy is the study of celestial (objects, bodies) sent12: a planet is a kind of celestial object / celestial body sent13: planets orbit stars sent14: astronomical body means celestial body sent15: useful means able to be used sent16: to discover means to make a discovery sent17: planets are found in space sent18: getting information sometimes requires observing / observation sent19: planets in the solar system orbit the sun sent20: to be used for something means to be required by that something sent21: making discoveries requires observing sent22: to observe means to gather information sent23: galileo galilei improved the telescope to make better observations of celestial bodies sent24: to prevent means to make it not happen sent25: to enable means to allow
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] detailed observation of celestial objects requires a telescope [AND] if something is required for something else then that something allows that something else [INFER] int1: telescopes allow the detailed observation of celestial objects [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a planet is a kind of celestial object / celestial body [INFER] int2: telescopes allow the detailed observation of planets
Question: Kate sees a full moon. About how much time will go by before the next full moon?
Answer: one month
Hypothesis: a full moon will occur after 1 month it occurs
Supporting facts: sent1: how many means what number sent2: approximately means about sent3: a complete revolution / orbit of the earth around the sun takes 1 / one year / solar year / earth year sent4: lunar phase is synonymous with moon phase sent5: 1 month is equal to 28-31 days sent6: the moon orbits the earth sent7: the phases of the moon change the appearance of the moon sent8: a complete revolution / orbit of a planet around its star takes 1 / one planetary year sent9: a moon phase occurs 28 days after the last time it occurred sent10: moons / comets / planets are part of the solar system sent11: revolving around something means orbiting that something sent12: period is similar to amount of time sent13: earth is a kind of planet sent14: a new moon occurs 14 days after a full moon sent15: a phase of the moon is a kind of state sent16: a revolution occurs when something revolves around something else sent17: length of time means period of time sent18: type of moon / kind of moon means moon phase sent19: annual means once per year sent20: the moon completes a lunar cycle over a period of 29 days sent21: a moon is located in space sent22: the moon orbiting the earth occurs approximately 13 times per year sent23: a measure of time is a length of time sent24: a full moon is a kind of phase of the moon sent25: the moon is earth 's moon
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a full moon is a kind of phase of the moon [AND] a moon phase occurs 28 days after the last time it occurred [INFER] int1: a full moon will occur 28 days after the last time it occurs [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] 1 month is equal to 28-31 days [INFER] int2: a full moon will occur after 1 month it occurs
Question: When the lighted half of the Moon faces the Sun and the dark half faces Earth, the phase of the Moon viewed from Earth is called the
Answer: new moon.
Hypothesis: the moon phase where the lighted half of the moon faces the sun and dark half of the moon faces the earth is called new moon
Supporting facts: sent1: being in the sun is synonymous with being in the sunlight sent2: a half of earth is a hemisphere of earth sent3: a moon phase is a kind of natural event sent4: dark means dark in color sent5: the new moon is when the dark half of the moon faces the earth sent6: new means different from the former one sent7: the new moon is when the lighted half of the moon faces the sun sent8: the moon orbiting the earth occurs once per month sent9: to see means to look sent10: a phase of the moon is a kind of state sent11: to view means to see sent12: type of moon / kind of moon means moon phase sent13: moons orbit planets sent14: a phase change is when matter / a substance changes from one state of matter into another state of matter sent15: the moon is earth 's moon sent16: distance is a property of space and includes ordered values of close / far sent17: both means two sent18: sight means to see sent19: phase means state sent20: the moon reflects sunlight towards the earth sent21: viewing means observing light sent22: a new moon is a kind of phase of the moon sent23: the moon is the celestial object that is closest to the earth sent24: each of the moon 's phases occurs once per month sent25: the sun is the star that is closest to earth
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a new moon is a kind of phase of the moon [AND] the new moon is when the dark half of the moon faces the earth [AND] the new moon is when the lighted half of the moon faces the sun [INFER] int1: the moon phase where the lighted half of the moon faces the sun and dark half of the moon faces the earth is called new moon
Question: About how often is a full moon observed from Earth's surface?
Answer: once a month
Hypothesis: a full moon occurs once per month
Supporting facts: sent1: once per means every sent2: the phases of the moon change the appearance of the moon sent3: a moon phase occurs 28 days after the last time it occurred sent4: each of the moon 's phases occurs once per month sent5: observe means see sent6: determining often requires measuring / observing sent7: rarely means not sent8: monthly means once per month sent9: a moon is a kind of satellite sent10: a complete revolution / orbit of the moon around the earth takes 1 / one month sent11: lunar phase is synonymous with moon phase sent12: a full moon is a kind of phase of the moon sent13: if something is received on a location then that something can be observed on that location sent14: to happen means to occur sent15: the moon completes a lunar cycle over a period of 29 days sent16: the moon is earth 's moon sent17: a moon is located in space sent18: the moon rising occurs once per day sent19: moons / comets / planets are part of the solar system sent20: how long something takes is a kind of measurement of time sent21: measuring sometimes requires recording / learning an amount sent22: usually means most of the time sent23: type of moon / kind of moon means moon phase sent24: revolving around something means orbiting that something sent25: a revolution occurs when something revolves around something else
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a full moon is a kind of phase of the moon [AND] each of the moon 's phases occurs once per month [INFER] int1: a full moon occurs once per month
Question: On February 21, a student observes that the Moon cannot be seen in the clear night sky. On what date will the student not be able to see the Moon again in the clear night sky?
Answer: March 21
Hypothesis: the next new moon will occur on march 21
Supporting facts: sent1: 1 month is equal to 28-31 days sent2: if something required for a process is not produced then that process is prevented from occurring / cannot occur sent3: the moon completes a lunar cycle over a period of 29 days sent4: a moon phase is a kind of natural event sent5: cannot means not be able to sent6: months ( m ) are a metric unit used for measuring time generally used for values between 1 and 24 sent7: the dark half of the moon is not visible sent8: observe means see sent9: if something is received on a location then that something can be observed on that location sent10: revolving around something means orbiting that something sent11: a student cannot observe the moon in the clear night sky on feburary 21 sent12: ability is a property of things and includes ordered values of able / unable / can / cannot sent13: winter is when a hemisphere is tilted away from the sun sent14: the moon is earth 's moon sent15: a moon phase occurs 28 days after the last time it occurred sent16: the new moon is when the dark half of the moon faces the earth sent17: lunar phase is synonymous with moon phase sent18: the moon rising occurs once per day sent19: 28 days after feburary 21 is march 21 sent20: not looking means not seeing sent21: clear weather means sunny / not cloudy / not rainy weather sent22: a new moon is a kind of phase of the moon sent23: a complete revolution / orbit of the moon around the earth takes 1 / one month sent24: the moon orbiting the earth occurs approximately 13 times per year sent25: moons orbit planets
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the new moon is when the dark half of the moon faces the earth [AND] the dark half of the moon is not visible [INFER] int1: new moon is when the moon cannot be seen [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a student cannot observe the moon in the clear night sky on feburary 21 [AND] a new moon is a kind of phase of the moon [INFER] int2: the student observes a new moon phase on feburary 21 [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] a moon phase occurs 28 days after the last time it occurred [INFER] int3: the next new moon will occur 28 days after feburary 21 [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] 28 days after feburary 21 is march 21 [INFER] int4: the next new moon will occur on march 21
Question: Which term describes Earth's orbit around the Sun?
Answer: revolution
Hypothesis: revolution can be used to describe the earth revolving around the sun
Supporting facts: sent1: to change into means to form sent2: to cause means to result in sent3: a description sometimes provides information sent4: revolve once means to complete a revolution sent5: to convert means to change sent6: to change means to cause a change sent7: to produce means to result in sent8: including means containing sent9: the earth revolves around the sun sent10: a revolution occurs when something revolves around something else sent11: composed of means made of sent12: rising is a kind of motion sent13: take place means happen sent14: if something is caused by something else , then that something can be explained by that something else sent15: movements of celestial bodies are a kind of event sent16: approximately means about sent17: an increase is a kind of change sent18: to happen means to occur sent19: planets are found in space sent20: rotation is the circular movement of an object around a center / axis sent21: orbit means orbital path sent22: move around means revolve sent23: made up of means contains / made of sent24: orbit is a kind of characteristic sent25: celestial bodies move in orbits in space around other celestial bodies
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a revolution occurs when something revolves around something else [AND] the earth revolves around the sun [INFER] int1: revolution can be used to describe the earth revolving around the sun
Question: Why do planets stay in orbit around the Sun?
Answer: attraction of gravity
Hypothesis: gravity causes the planets in the solar system to orbit the sun
Supporting facts: sent1: planets are found in space sent2: to cause means to have an effect sent3: magnetic attraction pulls two objects together sent4: isaac newton discovered the theory of gravity sent5: a pull is a kind of force sent6: a cause of something is a reason for that something sent7: take place means happen sent8: celestial objects are located in outer space sent9: to happen means to occur sent10: due to means caused by sent11: celestial bodies / celestial objects are found in space sent12: some celestial bodies rotate in space sent13: to cause means to result in sent14: pull is similar to attract sent15: can be means able to be sent16: if something has a positive impact on something else then that something is important to that something else sent17: a force is a kind of push or pull on an object sent18: revolving around something means orbiting that something sent19: motion / movement means moving / to move sent20: attracting is a kind of function / activity sent21: a celestial body travelling around another celestial body means that celestial body completes a cycle around that other celestial body sent22: planets in the solar system orbit the sun sent23: orbit is a kind of characteristic sent24: exerting force on an object means a force acts on an object sent25: gravity causes orbits
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] planets in the solar system orbit the sun [AND] gravity causes orbits [INFER] int1: gravity causes the planets in the solar system to orbit the sun