ariesutiono/entailment-bank-v3 huggingface dataset:
Question: The periodic table of the elements is systematically organized according to the
Answer: structure of the atoms of the elements.
Hypothesis: structure of atoms of different elements can be used to organize atoms of different elements
Supporting facts: sent1: chemical compounds contain chemical bonds between atoms / between elements sent2: a whole is formed by its parts sent3: sequential is similar to ordered sent4: a structure of something is synonymous with a part of that something sent5: consistent means usual sent6: same means identical / equal in value / amount / number / quantity sent7: charge is a property of an object / a material / a substance and includes ordered values of negatively-charged / neutral / positively-charged sent8: if something is made of something else , then that something else will be the component of that something sent9: atoms of different elements have different structures sent10: structure is similar to shape sent11: to be made of something means to be formed of that something sent12: arrangement means how something is arranged sent13: general means usual sent14: according to is similar to be determined by sent15: organizing is sorting things in order by their properties sent16: to be made of means to consist of sent17: atom cannot be divided into smaller substances sent18: structure is a property of an object sent19: composed of means made of sent20: the property of something is the same for the things of same kind sent21: an atom is a kind of object sent22: atomic means of the atom sent23: if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something sent24: including means containing sent25: made up of means contains / made of
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] structure is a property of an object [AND] an atom is a kind of object [INFER] int1: structure of an atom is a property of the atom [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] organizing is sorting things in order by their properties [INFER] int2: structure of atoms can be used to organize atoms in order [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] atoms of different elements have different structures [INFER] int3: structure of atoms of different elements can be used to organize atoms of different elements
Question: The Periodic Table of the Elements is arranged so that elements with similar characteristics are in the same column. Which element is a highly reactive metal?
Answer: magnesium (Mg)
Hypothesis: magnesium is highly chemically reactive
Supporting facts: sent1: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent2: non-reactive means unreactive sent3: same means identical / equal in value / amount / number / quantity sent4: identical means copy sent5: identical is the opposite of different sent6: alkaline earth metal elements have two valence electrons sent7: the majority of the elements on the periodic table are metals sent8: zinc is a kind of metal sent9: chemical composition is a kind of property sent10: magnesium belongs to alkaline earth metal family , group 2 on the periodic table sent11: characteristic means property sent12: iron is a kind of element sent13: the periodic table of elements can be used for predicting / determining the properties of an element sent14: similar means in common sent15: amount is a property of something and includes ordered values of none / least / little / some / half / much / many / most / all sent16: alkaline earth metals are highly chemically reactive sent17: a chemical property is the opposite of a physical property sent18: a type is synonymous with a kind sent19: arrangement means how something is arranged sent20: elements from the same group in the periodic table are chemically reactive in a similar way sent21: charge is a property of an object / a material / a substance and includes ordered values of negatively-charged / neutral / positively-charged sent22: elements in the same group on the periodic table of elements have similar properties sent23: electrons are reactive during chemical process sent24: including means containing sent25: both means two
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] alkaline earth metals are highly chemically reactive [AND] elements from the same group in the periodic table are chemically reactive in a similar way [INFER] int1: elements that belong to alkaline earth metals are highly chemically reactive [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] magnesium belongs to alkaline earth metal family , group 2 on the periodic table [INFER] int2: magnesium is highly chemically reactive
Question: Because sulfur cannot be decomposed by simple chemical methods into two or more different substances, it is classified as
Answer: an element.
Hypothesis: sulfur is a kind of element
Supporting facts: sent1: sulfur is yellow in color sent2: chemical composition is a kind of property sent3: to tell the difference between things means to classify those things sent4: charge is a property of an object / a material / a substance and includes ordered values of negatively-charged / neutral / positively-charged sent5: including means containing sent6: a chemical property is a kind of property sent7: cannot means not be able to sent8: an element is identified by its number of protons sent9: chemical compounds contain chemical bonds between atoms / between elements sent10: to be formed by is to be the result of sent11: contains means located in sent12: if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something sent13: amount is a property of something and includes ordered values of none / least / little / some / half / much / many / most / all sent14: chemical reactivity is a property of elements and includes ordered values of reactive / unreactive sent15: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent16: to classify means to decide what class something belongs to sent17: sulfur cannot be decomposed into different substances by simple chemical methods sent18: decomposing is similar to separating sent19: to decompose means to separate sent20: not is similar to the opposite of sent21: ability is a property of things and includes ordered values of able / unable / can / cannot sent22: both means two sent23: different is the opposite of the same sent24: able is the opposite of unable sent25: an element cannot be decomposed into two or more different substances by simple chemical methods
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] sulfur cannot be decomposed into different substances by simple chemical methods [AND] an element cannot be decomposed into two or more different substances by simple chemical methods [INFER] int1: sulfur is a kind of element
Question: Iron oxides, such as rust, form when iron metal reacts with oxygen in the air. What are the chemical symbols for the two elements found in iron oxide?
Answer: Fe and O
Hypothesis: the chemical symbols for the elements found in iron oxide is fe and o
Supporting facts: sent1: an element is made of one kind of atoms sent2: charge is a property of an object / a material / a substance and includes ordered values of negatively-charged / neutral / positively-charged sent3: including means containing sent4: both means two sent5: the chemical symbol for iron is fe sent6: chemical reaction means chemical bonds change sent7: the chemical symbol for oxygen is o sent8: form means kind sent9: the structure of an atom can be used for identifying the element sent10: rusting means forming rust sent11: chemical reactivity is a property of elements and includes ordered values of reactive / unreactive sent12: iron oxide / rust / fe2o3 is made of iron and oxygen sent13: to convert means to change sent14: a chemical compound is a kind of compound sent15: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent16: chemical bonds are formed by chemically combining elements / atoms / molecules sent17: an alkaline earth metal is a kind of element sent18: o2 means oxygen sent19: a type is synonymous with a kind sent20: if something contains something else , then that something else will be the component of that something sent21: an element is a kind of atom sent22: an element is a kind of substance sent23: an element is a kind of material sent24: chemical compounds contain chemical bonds between atoms / between elements sent25: iron sulfide is made of iron and sulfur
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] iron oxide / rust / fe2o3 is made of iron and oxygen [AND] the chemical symbol for iron is fe [AND] the chemical symbol for oxygen is o [INFER] int1: the chemical symbols for the elements found in iron oxide is fe and o
Question: What is the smallest particle of the element gold (Au) that can still be classified as gold?
Answer: atom
Hypothesis: gold atom is the smallest particle that can be classified as gold
Supporting facts: sent1: if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something sent2: category means kind sent3: the property of something is the same for the things of same kind sent4: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent5: size is a property of objects and includes ordered values of microscopic / tiny / small / medium / large sent6: the atom is the smallest particle that has the properties of an element sent7: the structure of an atom can be used for identifying the element sent8: if something is made of something else then that something can be broken down into that something else sent9: classifying is a kind of science process sent10: cannot is the opposite of can sent11: to tell the difference between things means to classify those things sent12: larger / bigger is the opposite of smaller sent13: larger means greater / higher / more / increase in size sent14: classifying requires comparing sent15: to categorize means to classify sent16: gold is a kind of element sent17: to belong to a class means to be a kind of something sent18: to be made of something means to be formed of that something sent19: classify is similar to characterize sent20: smaller means less / lower in size sent21: to belong to a group means to be classified in that group sent22: a part of / piece of an object is smaller in size than the entire object / whole object sent23: including means containing sent24: the properties of something are used for describing that something sent25: to classify means to decide what class something belongs to
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] gold is a kind of element [AND] the atom is the smallest particle that has the properties of an element [INFER] int1: gold atom is the smallest particle that can be classified as gold
Question: What chemical symbol represents the element iron?
Answer: Fe
Hypothesis: fe is the chemical symbol for iron element
Supporting facts: sent1: if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something sent2: both means two sent3: a type of something is a kind of property of that something sent4: same means identical / equal in value / amount / number / quantity sent5: classifying means grouping objects / materials by their properties sent6: similar means in common sent7: to convert means to change sent8: chemical compounds contain chemical bonds between atoms / between elements sent9: unit is similar to part sent10: classifying is when one sorts something by kind / type sent11: if something is a part of something then that something can be found in that something sent12: an element is a kind of substance sent13: the properties of something are used for describing that something sent14: including means containing sent15: an element is a kind of atom sent16: to be made of is similar to collection sent17: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent18: the chemical symbol for iron is fe sent19: form means kind sent20: if something is made of something else then that something can be broken down into that something else sent21: a type is synonymous with a kind sent22: chemical composition is a kind of property sent23: contains means located in sent24: composed of means made of sent25: iron is a kind of element
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the chemical symbol for iron is fe [AND] iron is a kind of element [INFER] int1: fe is the chemical symbol for iron element
Question: Atoms of which of these elements are part of many organic molecules?
Answer: oxygen
Hypothesis: oxygen is a part of organic molecules
Supporting facts: sent1: the number of parts of something is a property of that something sent2: oxygen is more common than hydrogen on earth sent3: many types of molecules can be formed by carbon with covalent bonds sent4: including means containing sent5: chemical compounds contain chemical bonds between atoms / between elements sent6: a chemical compound is a kind of compound sent7: an element is a kind of substance sent8: the parts of something make up that something sent9: organic compounds mainly are made of carbon / hydrogen / oxygen / nitrogen sent10: a component of something means a part of something sent11: oxygenated means having oxygen sent12: to be made of something means to be formed of that something sent13: if something is made of something else , then that something else will be the component of that something sent14: a structure of something is synonymous with a part of that something sent15: how many means what number sent16: the chemistry of something is similar to what that something is made of sent17: if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something sent18: both means two sent19: element oxygen is more common than element hydrogen sent20: amount is a property of something and includes ordered values of none / least / little / some / half / much / many / most / all sent21: if something is made of something else then that something can be broken down into that something else sent22: atom cannot be divided into smaller substances sent23: many means high in number sent24: an element is a kind of material sent25: if something is a part of something then that something can be found in that something
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] if something is made of something else , then that something else will be the component of that something [AND] organic compounds mainly are made of carbon / hydrogen / oxygen / nitrogen [INFER] int1: oxygen is a component of organic compounds [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a component of something means a part of something [INFER] int2: oxygen is a part of organic molecules
Question: Which of these is an element?
Answer: O_{2}
Hypothesis: o2 is an element
Supporting facts: sent1: contains means located in sent2: amount is a property of something and includes ordered values of none / least / little / some / half / much / many / most / all sent3: oxygenated means having oxygen sent4: form means kind sent5: o2 is a chemical formula for oxygen gas sent6: to be formed by is to be the result of sent7: a nucleotide contains one nitrogenous base sent8: the chemical symbol for antimony is sb sent9: electron configuration is a property of elements sent10: to be found in means to be contained in sent11: oxygen gas is made of only oxygen element sent12: elements in oxygen family have six / 6 valence electrons sent13: an object is made of its parts sent14: the chemical symbol for phosphorus is p sent15: if a substance is made of one element , then the substance is called an element sent16: made up of means contains / made of sent17: an oxygen ion has a negative -2 electric charge sent18: being derived from is similar to being formed sent19: an element is identified by its number of protons sent20: an element cannot be decomposed into two or more different substances by simple chemical methods sent21: made of is similar to contains sent22: charge is a property of an object / a material / a substance and includes ordered values of negatively-charged / neutral / positively-charged sent23: composed of means made of sent24: an element is a kind of material sent25: if something contains something else , then that something else will be the component of that something
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] oxygen gas is made of only oxygen element [AND] if a substance is made of one element , then the substance is called an element [INFER] int1: oxygen gas is an element [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] o2 is a chemical formula for oxygen gas [INFER] int2: o2 is an element
Question: Hydrogen is located on the left side of the periodic table in the same column as the alkali metals, but it has characteristics of a nonmetal. Which of the following is a physical property of hydrogen?
Answer: Hydrogen is a gas at room temperature.
Hypothesis: being a gas is a physical property of hydrogen
Supporting facts: sent1: state of matter is a kind of physical property sent2: a periodic table is a kind of scientific model sent3: a characteristic is a part of the whole sent4: similar means in common sent5: a electron has a negative -1 electric charge sent6: contains means located in sent7: state of matter is a property of matter and includes ordered values of solid / liquid / gas sent8: hydrogen is the most common element in stars sent9: to be found in means to be contained in sent10: boiling point is a kind of physical property sent11: electron configuration is a property of elements sent12: heating means adding heat sent13: both means two sent14: nonmetal means not metal sent15: the alkali metals have one valence electron sent16: hydrogen is a kind of gas at room temperature sent17: same means identical / equal in value / amount / number / quantity sent18: temperature / heat energy is a property of objects / weather and includes ordered values of cold / cool / warm / hot sent19: if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something sent20: if something is made of something else then that something can be broken down into that something else sent21: nonmetal means nonmetals sent22: physical state means state of matter sent23: the periodic table is a table displays elements sent24: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent25: temperature is a measure of heat energy
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] hydrogen is a kind of gas at room temperature [AND] state of matter is a property of matter and includes ordered values of solid / liquid / gas [INFER] int1: the state of matter of hydrogen is gas [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] state of matter is a kind of physical property [INFER] int2: being a gas is a physical property of hydrogen
Question: Which scientific model could be used to predict the properties of an element?
Answer: Periodic Table
Hypothesis: a periodic table is the scientific model that can be used to predict the properties of an element
Supporting facts: sent1: if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something sent2: a periodic table is a kind of scientific model sent3: made of is similar to contains sent4: both means two sent5: if the elements have similar electron configurations , then the elements will be grouped into same family / group on the periodic table of elements sent6: a property is similar to a factor sent7: knowing the properties of something means knowing information about that something sent8: the atomic number of elements increases by 1 from left to right on a row on the periodic table sent9: an element is identified by its number of protons sent10: an element is a kind of substance sent11: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent12: argon is a kind of element sent13: contains means located in sent14: including means containing sent15: an element is a kind of material sent16: can be means able to be sent17: elements from the same group in the periodic table are chemically reactive in a similar way sent18: composed of means made of sent19: if something is made of something else then that something can be broken down into that something else sent20: similar means in common sent21: made up of means contains / made of sent22: if a substance is made of one element , then the substance is called an element sent23: the periodic table of elements can be used for predicting the properties of an element sent24: substances are made of elements sent25: a proton is a part of an atom / an element
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a periodic table is a kind of scientific model [AND] the periodic table of elements can be used for predicting the properties of an element [INFER] int1: a periodic table is the scientific model that can be used to predict the properties of an element
Question: Gold atoms can be identified based on the number of which subatomic particles?
Answer: protons
Hypothesis: gold element can be identified by its proton number
Supporting facts: sent1: contains means located in sent2: an element is a kind of material sent3: proton is a kind of subatomic particle sent4: if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something sent5: if something contains something else , then that something else will be the component of that something sent6: if something is made of something else , then that something else will be the component of that something sent7: the composition of something can be used to identify that something sent8: atom cannot be divided into smaller substances sent9: an element is identified by its number of protons sent10: amount is a property of something and includes ordered values of none / least / little / some / half / much / many / most / all sent11: if a substance is made of one element , then the substance is called an element sent12: according to is similar to be determined by sent13: to identify means to discover sent14: atomic means of the atom sent15: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent16: gold is a kind of element sent17: classifying means grouping objects / materials by their properties sent18: how many means what number sent19: if the elements have similar electron configurations , then the elements will be grouped into same family / group on the periodic table of elements sent20: recognizable property means the properties that can be used to identify something sent21: identifying is similar to determining sent22: amount is similar to number sent23: an element is a kind of substance sent24: if something is made of something else then that something can be broken down into that something else sent25: classifying is when one sorts something by kind / type
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] proton is a kind of subatomic particle [AND] an element is identified by its number of protons [INFER] int1: an element is identified by the proton number [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] gold is a kind of element [INFER] int2: gold element can be identified by its proton number