ariesutiono/entailment-bank-v3 huggingface dataset:
Question: Many animals blend in with their environment and can not be easily seen by predators. This is an example of which adaptation?
Answer: camouflaging
Hypothesis: an example of camouflage is animals blending into their environment
Supporting facts: sent1: avoiding something requires sensing that something sent2: many animals blend in with their environment to not be seen by predators sent3: hiding can be used for avoiding predators sent4: avoiding is similar to preventing sent5: animals usually distance themselves from humans sent6: as the size of an object appears larger , that object will be seen / be observed more easily / better sent7: hiding means ability to be seen decreases for camouflage sent8: avoiding predators / escaping predators / avoiding consumers is a kind of protection sent9: to be in danger means to be around / to be near something dangerous sent10: camouflage is used for hiding by animals from predators sent11: avoiding predators is synonymous with avoiding being eaten sent12: avoiding predators has a positive impact on prey 's / an organism 's survival / health / ability to reproduce sent13: adaptation has a positive impact on the population / the survival / the reproduction of a species / of individual organisms sent14: an organism 's environment affects that organism 's acquired characteristics sent15: finding something requires sensing that something sent16: adaptation is when an organism develops a trait over time for survival sent17: hunting requires seeing / sensing prey sent18: adapting is when a living thing responds to a change in an environment sent19: sensing food has a positive impact on finding food sent20: looking like is similar to camouflaging as sent21: prey is a kind of animal sent22: some animals move quickly to escape predators sent23: to disappear behind means to move behind sent24: most predators live in / live near the same environment as their prey sent25: camouflage can be used for hunting for prey / food
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] many animals blend in with their environment to not be seen by predators [AND] hiding means ability to be seen decreases for camouflage [INFER] int1: many animals blend in with their environment to hide from predators [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] camouflage is used for hiding by animals from predators [INFER] int2: an example of camouflage is animals blending into their environment
Question: Which description is an example of camouflage?
Answer: green insects sitting on green leaves
Hypothesis: an example of camouflage is an insect having the same color as green leaves
Supporting facts: sent1: leaves are sometimes brown in color sent2: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent3: color is a property of something that describes how that something looks sent4: camouflage is synonymous with visual disguise sent5: a labybug has a small size sent6: visible means able to be seen sent7: a forest environment usually is green in color sent8: hiding is a kind of protection against predators / from predators sent9: the color of an object can be discovered by looking at that object sent10: objects in an environment are a part of that environment sent11: an example of camouflage is an organism looking like its environment sent12: an animal is a kind of organism sent13: color is a kind of physical / visual property sent14: an insect usually has a small size sent15: habitat is similar to environment sent16: if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something sent17: a leaf is often green in color sent18: a description sometimes provides information sent19: some environments contain leaves sent20: sitting on something provides warmth to that something sent21: hiding means visibility / ability to be seen decreases for camouflage sent22: an insect is a kind of animal sent23: coloration means a thing 's color sent24: camouflage can be used for hunting for prey / food sent25: coloration means a pattern of colors
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] an example of camouflage is an organism looking like its environment [AND] color is a property of something that describes how that something looks [INFER] int1: an example of camouflage is organism having the same color as its environment [BECAUSE] a leaf is often green in color [AND] some environments contain leaves [INFER] int2: some environments contain green leaves [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: an example of camouflage is an organism having the same color as green leaves [BECAUSE] an animal is a kind of organism [AND] an insect is a kind of animal [INFER] int4: an insect is a kind of organsim [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] int4 [INFER] int5: an example of camouflage is an insect having the same color as green leaves
Question: A body structure under a skunk's tail produces a liquid with a very bad odor. This odor helps the skunk to
Answer: avoid predators
Hypothesis: producing a bad odor helps skunks avoid predators
Supporting facts: sent1: if something has a positive impact on the survival of an organism then that organism is likely going to survive sent2: causing predators to avoid you is a kind of method for avoiding predators sent3: preventing something decreases the amount of that something sent4: if an organism eats something then that something is a source of frood to that organism sent5: if something is a source of something else then that something usually contains that something else sent6: camouflage is a kind of protection against predators / from predators / against consumers sent7: attracting something to a location causes that something to be near that location sent8: smell is used for finding food by some animals sent9: better senses have a positive impact on an animal 's survival / health / ability to reproduce sent10: most animals avoid bad odors sent11: hiding means visibility / ability to be seen decreases for camouflage sent12: avoiding is similar to preventing sent13: avoiding predators is synonymous with avoiding being eaten sent14: smell means scent sent15: survival means to survive sent16: if an animal is eaten by other animals , then the animal will be the prey sent17: a predator avoiding some types of prey is a learned behavior sent18: a predator is a kind of animal sent19: odor means scent sent20: sensing food has a positive impact on finding food sent21: smell is used for detecting odor sent22: positively impacting an organism 's survival increases the likelihood of survival of that organism sent23: food can be a source of an odor sent24: eating prey requires catching prey sent25: a skunk produces a bad odor
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] most animals avoid bad odors [AND] a predator is a kind of animal [INFER] int1: most predators avoid bad odors [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a skunk produces a bad odor [INFER] int2: most predators avoid skunks because they produce a bad odor [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] causing predators to avoid you is a kind of method for avoiding predators [INFER] int3: producing a bad odor is a kind of method for avoiding predators used by skunks [BECAUSE] int3 [INFER] int4: producing a bad odor helps skunks avoid predators
Question: Camels have humps on their backs that store fat, allowing them to survive for many days without food. This makes camels well suited to desert life. This characteristic is an example of
Answer: adaptation.
Hypothesis: an example of an adaptation is camel humps storing fat
Supporting facts: sent1: feature is synonymous with characteristic sent2: to be fit for an environment means to be able to survive in that environment sent3: eating / taking in food is used to get nutrients / energy by animals / living things sent4: adaptations are used for survival sent5: survival means to survive sent6: to eat means to consume food sent7: trait is synonymous with characteristic sent8: a camel's humps are used for storing fat sent9: if something has a positive impact on the survival of an organism then that organism is likely going to survive sent10: a desert environment usually is hot in temperature sent11: to be used for something means to be required by that something sent12: a required resource being low in availability has a negative impact on the something that requires that resource sent13: survive means live sent14: a desert is formed by desertification sent15: an adaptation is an adaptive feature sent16: if the amount of available food and water decreases in an environment then animals may leave that environment to find food and water sent17: characteristic means property sent18: adapt is similar to evolve sent19: a characteristic is a part of the whole sent20: fat is used to keep animals warm sent21: to be used for is similar to allowing sent22: an animal can survive in an environment with little food by storing fat sent23: food is what an animal eats sent24: adaptation is when an organism develops a trait over time for survival sent25: survive means live
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] an animal can survive in an environment with little food by storing fat [AND] a camel's humps are used for storing fat [INFER] int1: a camel's humps are used for survival by storing fat [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] adaptations are used for survival [INFER] int2: an example of an adaptation is camel humps storing fat
Question: The fur of some animals becomes thicker in the winter and is shed in the spring. These observations show how animals
Answer: respond to changes in the environment
Hypothesis: some animals grow thicker fur and shed fur as a response to changes in seasons
Supporting facts: sent1: winter is a kind of season sent2: an environment is similar to an ecosystem sent3: spring has warm weather sent4: an environment means an area sent5: cold temperatures usually have a negative impact on organisms sent6: hair / fur is a part of skin for protection / keeping warm sent7: some animals shed fur in spring sent8: living in an environment causes an organism to adapt to that environment sent9: spring follows winter sent10: an animal requires warmth for survival sent11: some animals' fur grows thicker for staying warm in the winter sent12: an animal usually requires a warm body temperature for survival sent13: staying warm means keeping warm sent14: thickness is a property of an object and includes ordered values of thin / thick sent15: thick fur / thick feathers can be used for keeping warm sent16: as the thickness of something / of an object increases , the resistance of that object / of that something to damage will increase sent17: if the environmental temperature / air temperature is too cold then an animal / a living thing in that environment may become cold sent18: seasons cause change to the environment sent19: animals adapt to their environment sent20: spring is a kind of season sent21: winter has cold weather sent22: objects in an environment are a part of that environment sent23: staying warm has a positive impact on an animal 's survival / health sent24: animals usually distance themselves from humans sent25: thickness is a measure of how thick an object is
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] some animals' fur grows thicker for staying warm in the winter [AND] winter has cold weather [INFER] int1: some animals grow thicker fur in cold weather [BECAUSE] spring has warm weather [AND] some animals shed fur in spring [INFER] int2: some animals shed fur in warm weather [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: some animals grow thicker fur in cold weather and shed fur in warm weather [BECAUSE] spring is a kind of season [AND] spring has warm weather [INFER] int4: the spring season has warm weather [BECAUSE] winter is a kind of season [AND] winter has cold weather [INFER] int5: the winter season has cold weather [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] int5 [INFER] int6: the spring season has warm weather and the winter season has cold weather [BECAUSE] int6 [AND] seasons cause change to the environment [INFER] int7: the seasons changing from spring to winter causes the weather to change from warm to cold [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] int7 [INFER] int8: some animals grow thicker fur and shed fur as a response to changes in seasons
Question: Which characteristic of a plant would best help it survive in a very dry climate?
Answer: waxy leaves to keep in water
Hypothesis: waxy leaves are used by some plants for survival in a dry environment
Supporting facts: sent1: survival means to survive sent2: if something has a positive impact on the survival of an organism then that organism is likely going to survive sent3: dry means low in amount of water sent4: preventing something decreases the amount of that something sent5: plants require water for survival sent6: transpiration is when water vapor moves from plants / leaves into the atmosphere sent7: to keep something from happening means to prevent that something sent8: an adaptation is a kind of characteristic of an organism sent9: preventing the transfer of heat from an organims 's body causes that organism to keep warm sent10: storing something is a kind of method for increasing the availability of something sent11: staying warm has a positive impact on an animal 's survival / health sent12: to be used for something means to help to do that something sent13: as dryness increases in an environment , the available water in that environment will decrease sent14: too much water can cause a plant to not grow sent15: to help / to benefit means to be of use sent16: cold temperatures usually have a negative impact on organisms sent17: plants control the amount of water in their leaves through transpiration sent18: characteristic means property sent19: decreasing something negative has a positive impact on a thing sent20: waxy leaves are used for storing water by some plants sent21: if a living thing becomes too cold then that living thing will die sent22: storing water is a kind of adaptation sent23: a plant requires a specific climate to grow and survive sent24: if a living thing requires something then that something has a positive impact on that living thing sent25: a plant requires sunlight to grow
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] as dryness increases in an environment , the available water in that environment will decrease [AND] dry means low in amount of water [INFER] int1: a dry environment is low in availability of water [BECAUSE] storing something is a kind of method for increasing the availability of something [AND] storing water is a kind of adaptation [INFER] int2: storing water is a kind of adaptation increasing the availability of water [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] an adaptation is a kind of characteristic of an organism [INFER] int3: storing water is a kind of characteristic of an organism that increases the availability of water [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int3 [INFER] int4: storing water increases the water available to organisms in a dry environment [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] waxy leaves are used for storing water by some plants [INFER] int5: waxy leaves are used by some plants for increasing the availability of water in a dry environment [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] plants require water for survival [INFER] int6: waxy leaves are used by some plants for survival in a dry environment
Question: Which structure best protects a cactus from being eaten by animals?
Answer: sharp spines as the leaves
Hypothesis: a cactus spine is a part of a cactus for protecting the cactus from animals
Supporting facts: sent1: something hard / something strong can be used for protection sent2: avoiding predators has a positive impact on prey 's / an organism 's survival / health / ability to reproduce sent3: to inhibit means to prevent sent4: protection means resistance to damage increases sent5: protecting is a kind of function sent6: to protect means to defend sent7: avoiding predators / escaping predators / avoiding consumers is a kind of protection sent8: if an organism eats something then that something is a source of frood to that organism sent9: to keep something from happening means to prevent that something sent10: avoiding means doing something less sent11: a sharp object can be used for protection sent12: covering something is a kind of protection sent13: a cactus spine is a kind of sharp object sent14: to prevent means to make it not happen sent15: damage has a negative impact on a thing sent16: some animals eat cacti sent17: avoiding is similar to preventing sent18: harming something has a negative impact on / effect on that something sent19: avoiding something requires sensing that something sent20: decreasing something negative has a positive impact on a thing sent21: a poisonous animal is dangerous sent22: preventing something decreases the amount of that something sent23: avoiding is a kind of defense sent24: eating something causes harm to that something sent25: if something has a negative impact on an organism then that organism must protect itself from that something
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a sharp object can be used for protection [AND] a cactus spine is a kind of sharp object [INFER] int1: a cactus spine can be used as protection [BECAUSE] harming something has a negative impact on / effect on that something [AND] eating something causes harm to that something [INFER] int2: eating something has a negative impact on that something [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] some animals eat cacti [INFER] int3: animals have negative impact on cacti [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] if something has a negative impact on an organism then that organism must protect itself from that something [INFER] int4: a cactus must protect itself from animals [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int4 [INFER] int5: a cactus spine is a part of a cactus for protecting the cactus from animals
Question: When a person's sweat evaporates, the person feels cooler. Which of the following statements best describes why sweating helps the person feel cool?
Answer: Heat is absorbed by sweat when it evaporates.
Hypothesis: a body is cooled by sweat absorbing heat as it evaporates
Supporting facts: sent1: applying heat means adding heat energy sent2: heat is a kind of energy sent3: heat energy is synonymous with thermal energy sent4: if something absorbs something else then that something will contain that something else sent5: become warm means get warm sent6: warm up means increase temperature sent7: if one object absorbs more energy than another object , then the object will be warmer sent8: if heat is transferred to the air , then the temperature of the air will increase sent9: staying warm means keeping warm sent10: as the temperature of a liquid increases , the rate of evaporation of that liquid will increase sent11: sweat is a kind of liquid sent12: evaporation means a substance changes from a liquid into a gas by increasing heat energy sent13: thermal energy is a kind of energy sent14: as heat is transferred from something to something else , the temperature of that something will decrease sent15: when the body is hot , sweat is produced to cool the body sent16: if heat is absorbed from a source then that heat source will cool sent17: heat means the transfer of thermal energy sent18: thermal conduction is when heat flows from warmer object to cooler object sent19: if heat is transferred to an object , then the object will get hot sent20: as the specific heat of a material decreases , the temperature of the material will increase more given the same amount of energy sent21: increasing heat causes thermal expansion sent22: cooling means temperature decreases sent23: to sweat means the body discharges water sent24: helping bodily processes has a positive impact on an animal / an animal 's health sent25: if heat is added to a substance then that substance absorbs that heat
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] when the body is hot , sweat is produced to cool the body [AND] if heat is absorbed from a source then that heat source will cool [INFER] int1: heat is absorbed from the body by sweat [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] if heat is added to a substance then that substance absorbs that heat [INFER] int2: heat is added to sweat as it absorbs heat from the body [BECAUSE] sweat is a kind of liquid [AND] evaporation means a substance changes from a liquid into a gas by increasing heat energy [INFER] int3: sweat will evaporate if its heat energy is increased [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] int3 [INFER] int4: sweat evaporates as it absorbs heat from the body [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] if heat is absorbed from a source then that heat source will cool [INFER] int5: a body is cooled by sweat absorbing heat as it evaporates
Question: Bone cells need nutrients. Which two systems get nutrients to bone cells?
Answer: the digestive system and the circulatory system
Hypothesis: the circulatory system carries nutrients from the digestive system to the bone cells in the body
Supporting facts: sent1: taking in something means receiving / absorbing / getting something sent2: the digestive system breaks down food into nutrients for the body sent3: getting something increases the amount of that something sent4: organ system means body system sent5: breaking food into nutrients means preparing food for cells sent6: the skeletal system is a kind of body system sent7: digestion is when food is abosrbed into the blood stream sent8: transferring is similar to supplying sent9: the circulatory system transports blood throughout the body sent10: if something is required for a process then that something positively impacts that process sent11: to digest means to break down food sent12: an animal requires enough nutrients to maintain good health / survive sent13: nutrients are simpler than food sent14: both means two sent15: to eat means to consume food sent16: the breaking down of food into simple substances occurs in the digestive system sent17: the intestines are a part of the digestive system sent18: digestion is when food is absorbed into the blood stream sent19: digestion is when stomach acid breaks down food sent20: if something is required then that something must be provided sent21: bone cells are a part of the body sent22: the digestive system digests food for the body sent23: to transfer means to bring / to get something to sent24: digestion is a kind of bodily process sent25: blood is a part of the circulatory system
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the digestive system breaks down food into nutrients for the body [AND] the digestive system digests food for the body [INFER] int1: the digestive system digests nutrients for the body [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] digestion is when food is abosrbed into the blood stream [INFER] int2: the digestive system absorbs nutrients into the blood stream [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] blood is a part of the circulatory system [INFER] int3: the digestive system absorbs nutrients into the circulatory system through the blood stream [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] the circulatory system transports blood throughout the body [INFER] int4: the circulatory system carries nutrients from the digestive systems to the rest of the body [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] bone cells are a part of the body [INFER] int5: the circulatory system carries nutrients from the digestive system to the bone cells in the body