ariesutiono/entailment-bank-v3 huggingface dataset:
Question: Which device would most likely be used to produce light energy?
Answer: a laser
Hypothesis: a laser is a device used to produce light energy
Supporting facts: sent1: if something / an invention / a discovery is invented / discovered then that something / that invention / that discovery can be used sent2: if something has the ability to do something else , then that something can do that something else sent3: a light bulb requires electrical energy to produce light sent4: to be used for something means to be required by that something sent5: ability is a property of things and includes ordered values of able / unable / can / cannot sent6: light is a kind of nonliving thing sent7: to generate means to create sent8: a flashlight converts electrical energy / electricity into light energy sent9: a flashlight requires a source of electricity to produce light sent10: electromagnetic wave is a kind of wave sent11: the function of something is what that something is used to do sent12: a flashlight emits light sent13: visible light is a kind of light sent14: device means tool sent15: light is a kind of light energy sent16: a laser is a kind of device for producing light sent17: similar means in common sent18: to produce means to create sent19: electrical devices convert from electrical energy / electricity into other forms of energy sent20: emit means produce sent21: electromagnetic radiation means electromagnetic energy sent22: energy transformation means one kind of energy changes into another kind of energy sent23: if something is powered by something else then that something requires a source of that something else sent24: producing light is used for attracting prey by some deep sea animals sent25: visible light is a part of the electromagnetic spectrum
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] light is a kind of light energy [AND] a laser is a kind of device for producing light [INFER] int1: a laser is a device used to produce light energy
Question: Which of the following groups of materials would most likely be used to build an electromagnet?
Answer: insulated wire, iron rod, battery
Hypothesis: insulated wire, iron rod, and battery can build an electromagnet
Supporting facts: sent1: a battery is a kind of electrical power source sent2: magnetism is a kind of energy sent3: a battery is a source of electrical energy / electricity sent4: a conducting metal loop is a kind of electromagnet sent5: a larger power source provide more current to a wire / a conductor / an electromagnet sent6: current means electric current sent7: a wire is a kind of path for electricity sent8: electric currents produce magnetic fields sent9: a magnet will not attract nonmagnetic metals / nonmagnetic materials sent10: iron rod can be used as an iron core sent11: an insulator is the opposite of a conductor sent12: magnetism is a property of materials / objects and includes ordered values of nonmagnetic / magnetic sent13: magnetic force means magnetism sent14: magnetism can cause objects to repel each other sent15: an electromagnet is made of coiled wires, iron core, and source of electricity sent16: magnetism is a kind of physical property sent17: metal is sometimes magnetic sent18: an insulated wire is a kind of wire sent19: nonconductor is similar to insulator sent20: coiled wires are a kind of wire sent21: insulator means good insulator sent22: if something has the ability to do something else , then that something can do that something else sent23: as the current supplied to an electromagnet increases , the strength of the electromagnet will increase sent24: electrical current means electrical energy sent25: electric currents produce magnetic fields
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] an electromagnet is made of coiled wires, iron core, and source of electricity [AND] coiled wires are a kind of wire [INFER] int1: an electromagnet is made of wires, iron core, and a source of electricity [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] iron rod can be used as an iron core [AND] an insulated wire is a kind of wire [AND] a battery is a source of electrical energy / electricity [INFER] int2: insulated wire, iron rod, and battery can build an electromagnet
Question: The electromagnetic spectrum is the complete range of electromagnetic radiation ranging from radio waves to gamma rays. Which type of radiation in this spectrum is associated with observable colors such as red, green, and blue?
Answer: visible light
Hypothesis: visible light is the part of electromagnetic spectrum that has red, green, and blue light
Supporting facts: sent1: human eyes can only see light in the range of visible light sent2: classifying is when one sorts something by kind / type sent3: visible light is a part of the electromagnetic spectrum sent4: both means two sent5: if an object reflects a light of a certain color then the object appears to be that color sent6: category means kind sent7: made up of means contains / made of sent8: a type is synonymous with a kind sent9: electromagnetic energy travels as electromagnetic waves sent10: knowing the properties of something means knowing information about that something sent11: spectrum means a range of colors sent12: all waves transfer / transmit energy from one place to another sent13: the properties of something are used for describing that something sent14: radiation means radiant energy sent15: light means light energy sent16: electromagnetic radiation means electromagnetic energy sent17: light rays means light sent18: light is a kind of nonliving thing sent19: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent20: uv light is a kind of light sent21: the color of an object can be discovered by looking at that object sent22: amount is a property of something and includes ordered values of none / least / little / some / half / much / many / most / all sent23: visible light is made of lights of different colors including violet, blue, green, yellow, orange, red light sent24: if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something sent25: color is a property of an object / a material
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] visible light is made of lights of different colors including violet, blue, green, yellow, orange, red light [AND] visible light is a part of the electromagnetic spectrum [INFER] int1: visible light is the part of electromagnetic spectrum that has red, green, and blue light
Question: Which generates waves that are capable of traveling through a vacuum?
Answer: a light bulb
Hypothesis: a light bulb generates waves that can travel through a vacuum
Supporting facts: sent1: light bulb means lightbulb sent2: electricity means electrical energy sent3: can be means able to be sent4: electrical devices convert from electrical energy / electricity into other forms of energy sent5: bright means a lot of light sent6: a vacuum has no matter in it sent7: to generate means to create sent8: if something has the ability to do something else , then that something can do that something else sent9: all waves transfer / transmit energy from one place to another sent10: electric devices require electrical energy to function sent11: light means light energy sent12: motion / movement means moving / to move sent13: moving is similar to travelling sent14: brightness is a property of a light source and includes values of bright / dim sent15: light is a kind of nonliving thing sent16: a light bulb generates light sent17: to generate means to form sent18: electromagnetic wave is a kind of wave sent19: generate means produce sent20: electromagnetic waves can travel through a vacuum sent21: light waves travel as transverse waves sent22: where something comes from is a source of that something sent23: travel means to move sent24: a flashlight requires a source of electricity to produce light sent25: light is a kind of electromagnetic wave
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] electromagnetic waves can travel through a vacuum [AND] light is a kind of electromagnetic wave [INFER] int1: light is a kind of wave that can travel through a vacuum [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a light bulb generates light [INFER] int2: a light bulb generates waves that can travel through a vacuum
Question: When light reaches an eyeglass lens, the light is
Answer: refracted.
Hypothesis: light will refract when it travels between two different materials
Supporting facts: sent1: magnifying glass is used to see small things by making objects appear bigger sent2: light is a kind of wave sent3: refraction happens when light passes from one medium to another medium sent4: sight means vision sent5: as the source of light becomes farther , that source of light will appear dimmer sent6: visible light can be seen without using equipment sent7: visible light is a kind of light sent8: refraction causes something to appear / to look different sent9: if an object is translucent , then some light will shine through that object sent10: if an object reflects light toward the eye then that object can be seen sent11: the ability to refract is a property of waves sent12: refractions of light can be used to help a person see sent13: refraction changes the length and the direction of light sent14: visible means able to be seen sent15: if an object reflects more light then that object is more easily seen sent16: light travels between two different materials (air and glass) sent17: light means light energy sent18: brightness means amount of light sent19: shiny things / objects reflect light sent20: reflection is when light is reflected from one object / one place to another object / another place sent21: to get a better look at means to see better sent22: opacity is a property of an object and includes ordered values of opaque / translucent / transparent sent23: light reflecting off of an object causes that object to be visible to the observer sent24: a mirror reflects light sent25: refraction is a kind of process
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] light travels between two different materials (air and glass) [AND] refraction happens when light passes from one medium to another medium [INFER] int1: light will refract when it travels between two different materials
Question: Which object is best used to demonstrate the bending of light as it passes through a substance?
Answer: convex lens
Hypothesis: a convex lens will cause the light to bend when the light passes through the lens
Supporting facts: sent1: to pass means to occur sent2: light means light energy sent3: magnifying makes seeing small things easier through using a magnifying glass / using a microscope sent4: light comes to the focal point after passing through a convex lens sent5: refraction is when light bends sent6: visible light is a kind of light sent7: sight means to see sent8: the properties of something are used for describing that something sent9: look at means observe sent10: if an object reflects more light then that object is more easily seen sent11: if an object reflects light toward the eye then that object can be seen sent12: to pass through means to move through sent13: a demonstration is similar to an example sent14: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent15: waves can travel through matter sent16: observe means see sent17: light is a kind of nonliving thing sent18: motion / movement means moving / to move sent19: visible means able to be seen sent20: a convex lens causes light to refract and concentrate to magnify distant objects sent21: light reflecting off of an object causes that object to be visible to the observer sent22: motion is when moves an object / something to a direction sent23: apparent motion is when an object appears to move relative to another object 's perspective / another object 's position sent24: passing is a kind of action sent25: to demonstrate means to exhibit
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a convex lens causes light to refract and concentrate to magnify distant objects [AND] light comes to the focal point after passing through a convex lens [INFER] int1: a convex lens will cause the light to refract when the light passes through the convex lens [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] refraction is when light bends [INFER] int2: a convex lens will cause the light to bend when the light passes through the lens
Question: Which object refracts light rays?
Answer: glass window
Hypothesis: the light rays will refract when they pass through a glass window
Supporting facts: sent1: medium is made of a kind of material sent2: brightness is a property of a light source and includes values of bright / dim sent3: light means light energy sent4: uv light is a kind of light sent5: refraction changes the length and the direction of light sent6: sunlight means solar energy sent7: light rays pass through a glass window sent8: light is a kind of nonliving thing sent9: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent10: air is a kind of material sent11: to convert means to change sent12: if an object reflects light toward the eye then that object can be seen sent13: light reflecting off of an object causes that object to be visible to the observer sent14: refraction is when light bends sent15: to reflect light means to scatter light sent16: glass is a kind of material sent17: a window is made of glass sent18: light rays pass through air sent19: when light hits a reflective object , that light bounces off that object sent20: refraction is when light passes from one medium to another medium sent21: visible means able to be seen sent22: sunlight shining means sunlight is provided sent23: visible light is a kind of light sent24: light is a kind of energy sent25: refraction causes something to appear / to look different
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] light rays pass through air [AND] light rays pass through a glass window [INFER] int1: light rays pass through air and a glass window [BECAUSE] glass is a kind of material [AND] a window is made of glass [INFER] int2: a glass in a glass window is a kind of material [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] air is a kind of material [INFER] int3: air and a glass in a glass window are kinds of material [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int3 [INFER] int4: light rays passes from the material air through the material glass when it pass through a glass window [BECAUSE] medium is made of a kind of material [AND] refraction is when light passes from one medium to another medium [INFER] int5: refraction is when light passes from one material to another material [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] int5 [INFER] int6: the light rays will refract when they pass through a glass window
Question: A laser beam is aimed at four different objects. Through which of these objects will the laser beam pass and be refracted?
Answer: a glass prism
Hypothesis: the laser beam will refract when it is shone through the glass prism
Supporting facts: sent1: interatomic means existing or acting between atoms sent2: if an object is made of a material then that object has the properties of that material sent3: sight means to see sent4: transmitance is when a wave goes through / transmits through a surface and travels in the same direction relative to the angle of incidence sent5: air is a kind of material sent6: to pass through means to move through sent7: glass is a kind of material sent8: a laser beam passes through air sent9: reflection is when a wave bounces off a surface and travels in the opposite direction relative to the angle of incidence sent10: a prism is made of glass sent11: bands / ranges of frequencies of light waves is called electromagnetic spectrum sent12: absorbance is when a wave absorbs at / stops at a surface sent13: a laser beam is shone through a glass prism sent14: visible light is a part of the electromagnetic spectrum sent15: light is a kind of electromagnetic radiation sent16: electromagnetic wave is a kind of wave sent17: refraction causes something to appear / to look different sent18: light waves travel as transverse waves sent19: medium is made of a kind of material sent20: light rays means light sent21: a component means a part of sent22: refractions of light can be used to help a person see sent23: both means two sent24: refraction is when light passes from one medium to another medium sent25: reflection is when light is reflected from one object / one place to another object / another place
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a laser beam is shone through a glass prism [AND] a laser beam passes through air [INFER] int1: a laser beam passes through air as it is shone through a glass prism [BECAUSE] a prism is made of glass [AND] glass is a kind of material [INFER] int2: a glass in a glass prism is a kind of material [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] air is a kind of material [INFER] int3: air and glass in a glass prism are kinds of materials [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int3 [INFER] int4: the laser beam is passing from the material air to the material glass when it is shone through a glass prism [BECAUSE] medium is made of a kind of material [AND] refraction is when light passes from one medium to another medium [INFER] int5: refraction is when light passes from one material to another material [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] int5 [INFER] int6: the laser beam will refract when it is shone through the glass prism
Question: In the 1600s Sir Isaac Newton discovered that sunlight is made up of all the colors of the rainbow. What tool did Sir Isaac Newton most likely use to make his discovery?
Answer: A prism
Hypothesis: a prism refracts light and splits light into lights of different color
Supporting facts: sent1: a component of something means a part of that something sent2: sunshine means sunlight sent3: glass / objects made of glass cause refraction of light sent4: visible light is a kind of light sent5: light is a kind of nonliving thing sent6: if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something sent7: color is a kind of physical / visual property sent8: a prism refracts light sent9: refraction of light can split light into lights of different color sent10: if something / an invention / a discovery is invented / discovered then that something / that invention / that discovery can be used sent11: visible lights can be divided into smaller ranges of light waves by the range of colors sent12: color is a property of an object / a material sent13: light means light energy sent14: refraction is when light passes from one medium to another medium sent15: refraction is a property of light sent16: daylight means sunlight sent17: amount is a property of something and includes ordered values of none / least / little / some / half / much / many / most / all sent18: to discover means to make a discovery sent19: refraction is when light bends sent20: to be made of something means to be formed of that something sent21: if something is a part of something then that something can be found in that something sent22: instrument means tool sent23: to reflect light means to scatter light sent24: to be used for something means to be required by that something sent25: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a prism refracts light [AND] refraction of light can split light into lights of different color [INFER] int1: a prism refracts light and splits light into lights of different color
Question: Which of the following is the best example of potential energy?
Answer: a liter of gasoline
Hypothesis: gasoline is a source of potential energy
Supporting facts: sent1: oil is a kind of energy resource sent2: gas is a kind of substance sent3: gasoline is a source of chemical energy sent4: chemical energy is a kind of potential energy sent5: an engine is a part of an automobile sent6: a fuel is used to make energy sent7: ethanol is a kind of substance sent8: as the use of a resource decreases , the length of time that resource being available will increases sent9: to give off means to be the source of sent10: potential energy means stored energy sent11: operating an automobile usually requires fossil fuels sent12: amount is a property of something and includes ordered values of none / least / little / some / half / much / many / most / all sent13: gasoline is a kind of chemical power source sent14: to run on means to use as an energy source sent15: using the fuel requires burning the fuel sent16: an energy source is a kind of resource sent17: using a gasoline engine requires burning gasoline sent18: best means most positive sent19: if the amount of electricity converted from the potential energy of an object is less than the amount of potential energy in the object , then the potential energy is converted into other energy other than electricity sent20: potential energy is a measure of the energy of an object due to position relative to other objects sent21: oil is a kind of substance / matter sent22: if an object / a substance makes something then that object / that substance is a source of that thing sent23: heat means heat energy sent24: an internal combustion engine is used to move the automobile sent25: if something requires something else then that something requires a source of that something else
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] gasoline is a source of chemical energy [AND] chemical energy is a kind of potential energy [INFER] int1: gasoline is a source of potential energy
Question: Bruce plays his violin every Friday night for the symphony. Before he plays, he plucks each string to see if his violin is in tune. Which is most responsible for the generation of sound waves from his violin?
Answer: vibrations of the string
Hypothesis: the vibrations of a string are a source of sound
Supporting facts: sent1: instrument means device sent2: sound is produced when mechanical energy is transformed into sound energy sent3: all waves transfer / transmit energy from one place to another sent4: if something emits something else then that something increases the amount of that something else sent5: vibrations are a source of sound sent6: waves contain mechanical energy sent7: noise means sound sent8: sound travels as longitudinal waves sent9: a vibration is similar to a wave sent10: sound requires matter to travel sent11: sound waves means sound energy sent12: sound waves transfer energy sent13: waves can travel through matter sent14: when sound reaches the ear , that sound can be heard sent15: sound can travel through air by vibrating air sent16: plucking a string can cause that string to vibrate sent17: hitting an object causes the particles in that object to vibrate sent18: oscillation means physical vibration sent19: as the frequency of a wave increases , the energy of the wave will increase sent20: a wave is formed by the vibration of the source spreading around from the source sent21: sound wave is similar to sound sent22: tapping two objects together causes the particles in those objects to vibrate sent23: echo is when sound reflects off of a surface sent24: intense sound energy can move objects sent25: as the amount that matter vibrates increases , sound produced increases
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] plucking a string can cause that string to vibrate [AND] vibrations are a source of sound [INFER] int1: the vibrations of a string are a source of sound