ariesutiono/entailment-bank-v3 huggingface dataset:
Question: Which object will conduct electricity, conduct heat, and be attracted to a magnet?
Answer: iron nail
Hypothesis: iron nail can conduct electricity and heat and is magnetic
Supporting facts: sent1: iron is always magnetic sent2: heat means temperature increases sent3: iron nails are made of iron sent4: heat is a kind of energy sent5: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent6: metal is a thermal conductor sent7: electricity means electrical energy sent8: conductivity is a measure of how easily electricity travels through a material sent9: temperature / heat energy is a property of objects / weather and includes ordered values of cold / cool / warm / hot sent10: magnetism is a kind of energy sent11: thermal conduction is when heat flows from warmer object to cooler object sent12: attract means move closer sent13: if two objects / two materials have the opposite electrical charge , then those two objects / those two materials will attract each other when they are close to each other sent14: magnetic energy is a kind of energy sent15: magnetism is a kind of physical property sent16: a electromagnet is formed by attaching an iron nail wrapped in a copper wire to a circuit sent17: magnetic attraction pulls two objects together sent18: magnetic force means magnetism sent19: similar means in common sent20: nonmetal means not metal sent21: conductivity is a kind of physical property sent22: iron is a kind of metal sent23: metal is an electrical conductor sent24: metals usually have higher / greater conductivity than nonmetals sent25: heat means the transfer of thermal energy
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] metal is an electrical conductor [AND] metal is a thermal conductor [INFER] int1: metal can conduct electricity and heat [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] iron is a kind of metal [INFER] int2: iron can conduct electricity and heat [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] iron is always magnetic [INFER] int3: iron can conduct electricity and heat and is magnetic [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] iron nails are made of iron [INFER] int4: iron nail can conduct electricity and heat and is magnetic
Question: Which of these is MOST flexible?
Answer: Drinking straw
Hypothesis: a drinking straw is flexible
Supporting facts: sent1: alcohol is a kind of liquid sent2: to be used for something means to be required by that something sent3: the properties of something are used for describing that something sent4: drinking straws are usually made of plastic sent5: both means two sent6: can be means able to be sent7: humans drink beverages sent8: mostly means being the most sent9: to be made of means to consist of sent10: if a flexible container is pushed on then that container will change shape sent11: better means good sent12: variable means able to change sent13: usually means most of the time sent14: a process usually requires all of the stages in that process sent15: to be filled with means to contain sent16: must have means require sent17: similar means in common sent18: drinking is a kind of water use sent19: structure is similar to shape sent20: a beverage is a kind of liquid sent21: less means a reduced amount sent22: ability is a property of things and includes ordered values of able / unable / can / cannot sent23: arrangement means how something is arranged sent24: generally means usually sent25: plastic is flexible
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] plastic is flexible [AND] drinking straws are usually made of plastic [INFER] int1: a drinking straw is flexible
Question: Flexibility is a physical property of some matter. Which of these materials best demonstrates the property of flexibility?
Answer: a metal wire
Hypothesis: a metal wire is flexible
Supporting facts: sent1: metal is an electrical / electrical energy conductor sent2: can means having the ability to sent3: different materials usually have different properties sent4: material means substance sent5: to demonstrate means to exhibit sent6: characteristic means property sent7: iron is a kind of metal sent8: both means two sent9: ability is a property of things and includes ordered values of able / unable / can / cannot sent10: motion / movement means moving / to move sent11: if an object is made of something then the parts of that object are made of that something sent12: similar means in common sent13: a demonstration is similar to an example sent14: if something has the ability to do something else , then that something can do that something else sent15: what something is made of is a property of the organization or that something sent16: metal is flexible sent17: best means most positive sent18: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent19: property is similar to measurement sent20: a wire is usually made of metal sent21: a wire is a part of an electrical circuit for conducting electricity sent22: a property is a kind of information sent23: metal is a kind of substance sent24: the properties of something are used for describing that something sent25: an insulator is the opposite of a conductor
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] metal is flexible [AND] a wire is usually made of metal [INFER] int1: a metal wire is flexible
Question: Diamonds are sometimes used as the tips of drill bits. Which physical property of a diamond MOST likely makes it a good cutting tool?
Answer: its hardness
Hypothesis: a drill can use diamond for cutting
Supporting facts: sent1: the properties of something are used for describing that something sent2: decreasing something negative has a positive impact on a thing sent3: different materials usually have different properties sent4: if an object is made of something then the parts of that object are made of that something sent5: property is similar to measurement sent6: to be made of something means to be formed of that something sent7: if something is made of something else then that something can be broken down into that something else sent8: luster is a property of an object / a material and includes ordered values of dull / shiny sent9: good means positive sent10: the property of something is the same for the things of same kind sent11: magnetism is a property of materials / objects and includes ordered values of nonmagnetic / magnetic sent12: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent13: sharpness is a property of shape sent14: to be used for something means to be required by that something sent15: useful means good to use sent16: better means good sent17: a drill is a kind of tool for cutting holes sent18: sharpening an object causes that object to change shape sent19: diamond is a hard material sent20: cutting a material usually requires measuring length sent21: knowing the properties of something means knowing information about that something sent22: strength is a property of an object / a material sent23: characteristic means property sent24: similar means in common sent25: cutting requires rigid tools
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a drill is a kind of tool for cutting holes [AND] cutting requires rigid tools [INFER] int1: a drill requires a rigid material for cutting [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] diamond is a hard material [INFER] int2: a drill can use diamond for cutting
Question: Which object most likely has magnetic properties?
Answer: iron nail
Hypothesis: iron nails are magnetic
Supporting facts: sent1: electric currents produce magnetic fields sent2: knowing the properties of something means knowing information about that something sent3: luster is a property of an object / a material and includes ordered values of dull / shiny sent4: more likely means increased likelihood sent5: if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something sent6: nitratine is always magnetic sent7: iron is a kind of element sent8: if something is a part of something then that something can be found in that something sent9: cadmium is always magnetic sent10: the metal is the core of electromagnet sent11: iron in contact with water and oxygen will rust sent12: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent13: tungsten is a kind of metal sent14: steel / carbon steel is always ferromagnetic / magnetic sent15: iron is always magnetic sent16: iron nails are made of iron sent17: classifying means grouping objects / materials by their properties sent18: similar means in common sent19: a electromagnet is formed by attaching an iron nail wrapped in a copper wire to a circuit sent20: electric currents produce magnetic fields sent21: a magnetic field is a kind of force sent22: nickel is always ferromagnetic / magnetic sent23: cobalt is always ferromagnetic / magnetic sent24: magnetic force means magnetism sent25: the properties of something are used for describing that something
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] iron is always magnetic [AND] iron nails are made of iron [INFER] int1: iron nails are magnetic
Question: A teacher carefully places some objects into very hot water. After one minute, which item is most likely too hot to touch?
Answer: a metal spoon
Hypothesis: the metal spoon will get hot
Supporting facts: sent1: removing hot objects from a heat source requires thermal insulators sent2: a spoon sometimes is made of metal sent3: if something is cold in temperature , then something will be cold to touch sent4: thermal conduction is when heat flows from warmer object to cooler object sent5: an insulator is the opposite of a conductor sent6: a thermal energy conductor transfers heat from warmer objects / hotter objects to cooler objects sent7: combustibility is a property of matter and includes ordered values of combustible / incombustible sent8: friction causes the temperature of an object to increase sent9: if a thermal conductor is exposed to a source of heat then that conductor may become hot sent10: a metal spoon is put into a very hot water sent11: if too much heat is transferred to an object then that object may burn sent12: metal is sometimes magnetic sent13: a thermal insulator can be used to remove hot objects from a heat source sent14: if heat is absorbed from a source then that heat source will cool sent15: if heat is transferred to an object , then the object will get hot sent16: as the specific heat of a material decreases , the temperature of the material will increase more given the same amount of energy sent17: metal is a thermal conductor sent18: when a cooler object touches a warmer object , thermal conduction occurs sent19: rubbing different materials can cause electrical charge of the materials to be unbalanced sent20: if heat is conducted to an object then that object will become hot sent21: a hot substance is a source of heat sent22: if the surface of an object contains something then that object is covered with that something sent23: plastic is a kind of thermal insulator sent24: if a hot object / substance is exposed to / touches a cold object / substance then that object / that substance will likely cool sent25: friction causes an object to lose energy
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a metal spoon is put into a very hot water [AND] a hot substance is a source of heat [INFER] int1: the metal spoon is exposed to a source of heat [BECAUSE] metal is a thermal conductor [AND] a spoon sometimes is made of metal [INFER] int2: a metal spoon is a thermal conductor [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] if a thermal conductor is exposed to a source of heat then that conductor may become hot [INFER] int3: if a metal spoon is exposed to a source of heat, then the metal spoon will become hot [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int3 [INFER] int4: the metal spoon will get hot
Question: Sara tums on a flashlight and holds an object up to the light. How will she be able to tell if the object is opaque?
Answer: No light will shine through.
Hypothesis: the object is opaque
Supporting facts: sent1: if an object is black then that object absorbs all visible light / heat sent2: brightness is a property of a light source and includes values of bright / dim sent3: if something is visible , then that something can be observed sent4: human eyes can only see light in the range of visible light sent5: brightness means amount of light sent6: cannot means not be able to sent7: if an object reflects more light then that object is more easily seen sent8: darkness occurs during the night sent9: opacity is a property of an object and includes ordered values of opaque / translucent / transparent sent10: light can travel through a vacuum sent11: if an object reflects light toward the eye then that object can be seen sent12: the light cannot shine through an object sent13: radiation can affect objects that are not touching sent14: dark means a low amount of light sent15: reflection is when a wave bounces off a surface and travels in the opposite direction relative to the angle of incidence sent16: if something is in a dark place , then that something will not reflect enough light to be seen sent17: dim means a small amount of light sent18: if an object is opaque , then light will not shine through that object sent19: invisible means cannot be seen sent20: reflection is when light is reflected from one object / one place to another object / another place sent21: uv light is a kind of light sent22: absorbance is when a wave absorbs at / stops at a surface sent23: not visible means cannot be seen sent24: visible light can be seen without using equipment sent25: a light bulb is a kind of tool for seeing in the dark
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] if an object is opaque , then light will not shine through that object [AND] opacity is a property of an object and includes ordered values of opaque / translucent / transparent [INFER] int1: no light shines through an opaque object [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] the light cannot shine through an object [INFER] int2: the object is opaque
Question: A group of students is investigating two substances to determine which is table salt and which is table sugar. How would the students best identify each substance?
Answer: by examining the shape of the crystal
Hypothesis: the shape of salt crystals and sugar crystals can be used to identify the salt and sugar
Supporting facts: sent1: the properties of something are used for describing that something sent2: to identify means to discover sent3: classifying means grouping objects / materials by their properties sent4: the structure of an atom can be used for identifying the element sent5: salt crystal is six-sided cube in shape sent6: the shape of an object can be discovered through feeling that object / touching that object sent7: a compound can be chemically separated into the elements that it is made of sent8: to detect means to find sent9: variability of shape / variability of volume is a property of matter and includes values of variable / definite sent10: different materials usually have different properties sent11: discovering something usually requires seeing that something sent12: studying something usually requires seeing that something sent13: structure is similar to shape sent14: the luster of an object can be determined by looking at that object sent15: if something is made of something else then that something can be broken down into that something else sent16: if something is definite in shape then that something will not change shape easily sent17: identifying is similar to determining sent18: sugar crystal is hexagonal prism in shape sent19: the shape of the crystal of a substance can be used for identifying the substance sent20: table salt means sodium chloride sent21: matter with variable shape changes shape in different container sent22: the composition of something can be used to identify that something sent23: studying is similar to investigating sent24: if something contains something else , then that something else will be the component of that something sent25: investigating requires gathering information
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] sugar crystal is hexagonal prism in shape [AND] salt crystal is six-sided cube in shape [INFER] int1: salt crystals and sugar crystals have different shape [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] the shape of the crystal of a substance can be used for identifying the substance [INFER] int2: the shape of salt crystals and sugar crystals can be used to identify the salt and sugar
Question: A student reaches into a bag of objects. Which property of the objects can be observed by using only the sense of touch?
Answer: texture
Hypothesis: touch is a kind of sense that can be used to observe the texture of objects
Supporting facts: sent1: if the surface of an object contains something then that object is covered with that something sent2: if one surface is moved against / moved over / moved down another surface then those surfaces are touching sent3: sense is used for obtaining information about one 's environment sent4: if something is visible , then that something can be observed sent5: to touch means to contact sent6: to detect means to find sent7: texture is a property of objects and includes ordered values of smooth to rough sent8: getting information sometimes requires observing / observation sent9: property is similar to measurement sent10: discovering something usually requires seeing that something sent11: an object is an item sent12: inspect / observe means examine sent13: finding something requires sensing that something sent14: touching something means feeling that something sent15: a surface is a part of a material sent16: look at means observe sent17: observe means see sent18: if an object is held under a substance then that object is touching that substance sent19: a container contains objects / material / substances sent20: to observe means to gather information sent21: visible means able to be seen sent22: texture means how an object feels sent23: studying something usually requires seeing that something sent24: touch can be used for detecting texture sent25: touch is a kind of sense
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] touch can be used for detecting texture [AND] texture is a property of objects and includes ordered values of smooth to rough [INFER] int1: touch can be used to observe the texture of objects [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] touch is a kind of sense [INFER] int2: touch is a kind of sense that can be used to observe the texture of objects
Question: Which word best describes the physical state of an ice cube?
Answer: solid
Hypothesis: an ice cube is solid in its physical state
Supporting facts: sent1: melting point is a property of a substance / material sent2: ice is cold in temperature sent3: ice crystals means ice sent4: definite is the opposite of variable sent5: solid is a kind of state of matter sent6: melting is when solids are heated above their melting point sent7: an ice cube is a kind of solid sent8: matter in the solid phase has definite shape sent9: melting point means temperature at which a solid melts / above which a solid melts sent10: state of matter means physical state sent11: state means form sent12: water is in the liquid state , called liquid water , for temperatures between 273 / 32 / 0 and 373 / 212 / 100 k / f / c sent13: to be found in means to be contained in sent14: freezing causes a solid to form sent15: melting is a kind of phase change sent16: state of matter at room temperature is a kind of physical property sent17: a physical property is a kind of property sent18: temperature / heat energy is a property of objects / weather and includes ordered values of cold / cool / warm / hot sent19: liquid has a a lower melting point than solid sent20: ice is colder in temperature than water sent21: temperature is a measure of heat energy sent22: matter in the solid phase has definite volume sent23: to be made of something means to be formed of that something sent24: matter in the liquid phase has definite volume sent25: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] solid is a kind of state of matter [AND] an ice cube is a kind of solid [INFER] int1: an ice cube is solid in its physical state
Question: A substance in the solid phase (state) of matter has
Answer: a definite shape and a definite volume
Hypothesis: matter in solid phase has definite shape and volume
Supporting facts: sent1: shape is a property of the appearance of an object sent2: similar means in common sent3: condition means the state of the property sent4: variability of shape / variability of volume is a kind of physical property sent5: state means form sent6: if something is made of something / a material then that something contains that something / that material sent7: to be made of something means to be formed of that something sent8: the properties of something are used for describing that something sent9: shape is a kind of physical property sent10: to be found in means to be contained in sent11: liquid / solid means nongaseous sent12: state of matter at room temperature is a kind of physical property sent13: volume is similar to amount sent14: matter in the solid phase has definite shape sent15: shape is a kind of characteristic sent16: definite shape means the shape of an object stays the same when moved to different spot sent17: physical state means state of matter sent18: phase means state sent19: same means identical / equal in value / amount / number / quantity sent20: state of matter is a kind of physical property sent21: according to is similar to be determined by sent22: matter in the solid phase has definite volume sent23: the shape of an object can be discovered through feeling that object / touching that object sent24: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent25: state of matter means physical state
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] matter in the solid phase has definite shape [AND] matter in the solid phase has definite volume [INFER] int1: matter in solid phase has definite shape and volume