ariesutiono/entailment-bank-v3 huggingface dataset:
Question: The Sun is classified as a star. Which characteristic identifies the Sun as a star?
Answer: The Sun produces light and energy in a nuclear reaction.
Hypothesis: the sun is a kind of star
Supporting facts: sent1: producing is a kind of function sent2: solar energy is a kind of energy sent3: a star is a source of light / light energy through nuclear reactions sent4: where something comes from is a source of that something sent5: the sun is a source of heat energy called sunlight sent6: recognizable property means the properties that can be used to identify something sent7: nuclear reactions are the source of the sun's energy sent8: light means light energy sent9: to emit means to release sent10: to be a source of something means to cause that something sent11: bright means a lot of light sent12: a source of something increases the amount of that something sent13: if something comes from something else then that something else is a source of that something sent14: characteristic means property sent15: a characteristic is a part of the whole sent16: nuclear fusion causes star formation sent17: to classify means to decide what class something belongs to sent18: the sun is a source of light energy called sunlight sent19: nuclear fusion is a source of energy sent20: producing is similar to causing sent21: light is a kind of electromagnetic radiation sent22: the sun transfers solar energy / light energy / heat energy from itself to the planets / earth through sunlight sent23: a source of something emits / produces / generates / provides that something sent24: if something is a source of something else then that something is associated with that something else sent25: solar radiation means solar energy
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the sun is a source of light energy called sunlight [AND] the sun is a source of heat energy called sunlight [INFER] int1: the sun is a source of light and heat energy [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a source of something emits / produces / generates / provides that something [INFER] int2: the sun produces light and heat energy [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] nuclear reactions are the source of the sun's energy [INFER] int3: the sun produces light and heat energy through nuclear reactions [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] a star is a source of light / light energy through nuclear reactions [INFER] int4: the sun is a kind of star
Question: Three main sequence stars are being compared. Which characteristic would these three stars most likely have in common?
Answer: chemical composition
Hypothesis: main-sequences stars have the same chemical composition
Supporting facts: sent1: a part of something means a characteristic of something sent2: alpha mensae is a kind of main sequence star sent3: substances have chemical properties sent4: both means two sent5: if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something sent6: the properties of something are used for describing that something sent7: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent8: if two objects are similar , then the two objects share properties sent9: the chemistry of something is similar to what that something is made of sent10: feature is synonymous with characteristic sent11: similar means in common sent12: composed of means made of sent13: main-sequences stars are a kind of star sent14: if something contains something else , then that something else will be the component of that something sent15: three is more than two sent16: stellar means related to stars sent17: chemical compounds contain chemical bonds between atoms / between elements sent18: trait is synonymous with characteristic sent19: stars generally have the same chemical composition sent20: made up of means contains / made of sent21: certain is similar to specific sent22: composition means the (materials, substances) of which something is composed sent23: a star is made of gases sent24: composition is a kind of information sent25: knowing the properties of something means knowing information about that something
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] main-sequences stars are a kind of star [AND] stars generally have the same chemical composition [INFER] int1: main-sequences stars have the same chemical composition
Question: Which best describes the Sun?
Answer: medium yellow dwarf
Hypothesis: the sun is a yellow dwarf with medium size
Supporting facts: sent1: a type is synonymous with a kind sent2: revolving around something means orbiting that something sent3: contains means located in sent4: medium means average sent5: to be found in means to be contained in sent6: a description sometimes provides information sent7: brightness is a property of a light source and includes values of bright / dim sent8: not is similar to the opposite of sent9: a star is made of gases sent10: similar means in common sent11: the sun is average in size for a star in our galaxy sent12: including means containing sent13: if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something sent14: made up of means contains / made of sent15: the location of an object can be used to describe that object sent16: size is a property of objects and includes ordered values of microscopic / tiny / small / medium / large sent17: a galaxy is made of stars sent18: best means most positive sent19: both means two sent20: the sun is a kind of yellow dwarf sent21: composed of means made of sent22: classifying means grouping objects / materials by their properties sent23: the sun has average brightness compared to other stars sent24: being in the sun is synonymous with being in the sunlight sent25: classifying is when one sorts something by kind / type
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the sun is average in size for a star in our galaxy [AND] the sun is a kind of yellow dwarf [INFER] int1: the sun is a yellow dwarf with average size [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] medium means average [INFER] int2: the sun is a yellow dwarf with medium size
Question: When compared to the Sun, red dwarf stars are
Answer: cooler.
Hypothesis: red dwarf stars are cooler than the sun
Supporting facts: sent1: the life cycle of a mid-sized star is a sequential process, with stages of birth, main sequence star, red giant, white dwarf sent2: the sun is average in temperature for a star in our galaxy sent3: red giant stars are greater in volume than main sequence stars sent4: a star 's surface temperature causes the star 's color sent5: red dwarf stars are cooler in temperature than yellow dwarf stars sent6: red is a kind of color sent7: better means good sent8: stars are located light years apart from each other sent9: if one object absorbs more energy than another object , then the object will be warmer sent10: stars can be classified by temperature / color / chemical composition / brightness sent11: brighter means higher / greater in brightness sent12: denser means more dense sent13: the sun is a kind of yellow dwarf sent14: red giant stars burn at a cooler temperature than main sequence stars sent15: comparing requires observing that something sent16: being in the sun is synonymous with being in the sunlight sent17: temperature is a measure of heat energy sent18: cool means cold sent19: to be in the sun means to be in the sunlight sent20: temperature / heat energy is a property of objects / weather and includes ordered values of cold / cool / warm / hot sent21: a red giant is a stage in the life cycle process of stars sent22: as the sun sets , the temperature will decrease sent23: moving an object from a cool place to a warm place causes the object 's temperature to increase sent24: keeping cool means not increasing temperature sent25: cooler means colder
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the sun is a kind of yellow dwarf [AND] red dwarf stars are cooler in temperature than yellow dwarf stars [INFER] int1: red dwarf stars are cooler than the sun
Question: Which subatomic particles are involved in the nuclear fusion that powers the Sun?
Answer: protons and neutrons
Hypothesis: protons and neutrons are involved in the nuclear fusion
Supporting facts: sent1: a star is a kind of celestial object / celestial body sent2: to happen means to occur sent3: the sun is made of hydrogen and helium sent4: our sun is located at the center of our solar system sent5: both means two sent6: made up of means contains / made of sent7: to be involved in something means to have a role in something sent8: the structure of an atom is made of a massive nucleus surrounded by electrons sent9: a proton has a positive 1 electric charge sent10: if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something sent11: a yellow dwarf is a kind of main-sequence star sent12: where something comes from is a source of that something sent13: the core is a kind of layer of the sun sent14: the sun is a kind of yellow dwarf sent15: amount is a property of something and includes ordered values of none / least / little / some / half / much / many / most / all sent16: a star is very hot in temperature sent17: electrons surround / orbit the nucleus of an atom sent18: ability is a property of things and includes ordered values of able / unable / can / cannot sent19: the sun is the star that is closest to earth sent20: a star is a source of light / light energy through nuclear reactions sent21: nuclear reactions in stars causes stars to produce light / energy / nuclear energy sent22: to be made of something means to be formed of that something sent23: including means containing sent24: protons / neutrons are formed by nuclear fusion sent25: a physicist is a kind of scientist
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] protons / neutrons are formed by nuclear fusion [INFER] int1: protons and neutrons are involved in the nuclear fusion
Question: Astronauts weigh more on Earth than they do on the moon because
Answer: the moon has less gravity than Earth.
Hypothesis: an astronaut will weigh more on earth because the surface gravity on the moon is less than the surface gravity on the earth
Supporting facts: sent1: if there is no gravitational pull , then the weight of an object will be equal to zero sent2: the moon is earth 's moon sent3: as the force of gravity changes , the weight of the object will change sent4: weight means the force of gravity acting on an object sent5: as distance from an object decreases , the pull of gravity on that object increases sent6: gravity means gravitational pull / gravitational energy / gravitational force / gravitational attraction sent7: gravity causes orbits sent8: weight is a kind of property sent9: as the mass of a celestial object decreases , the surface gravity of that celestial object weakens sent10: a space probe can orbit / land on other planets sent11: the earth has more mass than the moon sent12: as the force of gravity decreases , the weight of the object will decrease sent13: surface gravity is a kind of force of gravity sent14: a planet 's moon is smaller than that planet sent15: an astronaut is a kind of object sent16: the moon has less water / air than the earth sent17: a moon is a kind of satellite sent18: gravity is a kind of force sent19: moons are large / solid / spherical sent20: the mass of a planet causes the pull of gravity on that planet sent21: weight is a property of objects / matter sent22: moons orbit planets sent23: as the distance from an object increases , the force of gravity on that object will decrease sent24: less is the opposite of more sent25: gravity / gravitational force causes objects that have mass / substances to be pulled down / to fall on a planet
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the earth has more mass than the moon [AND] as the mass of a celestial object decreases , the surface gravity of that celestial object weakens [INFER] int1: the surface gravity on earth is greater than the surface gravity on the moon [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] as the force of gravity decreases , the weight of the object will decrease [AND] surface gravity is a kind of force of gravity [INFER] int2: objects on earth will weigh more than the objects on the moon because the surface gravity on earth is greater than on the moon [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] an astronaut is a kind of object [AND] less is the opposite of more [INFER] int3: an astronaut will weigh more on earth because the surface gravity on the moon is less than the surface gravity on the earth
Question: A telescope would be most useful in answering which question?
Answer: What is on the surface of the Moon?
Hypothesis: a telescope can be used to observe what is on the surface of the moon
Supporting facts: sent1: detailed observation of celestial objects requires a telescope sent2: a moon is a kind of celestial object / body sent3: astronomy is the study of celestial (objects, bodies) sent4: if an object orbits a celestial object then that object is probably a celestial object as well sent5: a moon is a kind of satellite sent6: a telescope is used for observing moons sent7: if something is visible , then that something can be observed sent8: the moon is earth 's moon sent9: celestial bodies / celestial objects are found in space sent10: a reflecting telescope is a kind of telescope sent11: if something required by something else is in a place then that something else may be in that place sent12: instrument means tool sent13: useful means able to be used sent14: astronomical body means celestial body sent15: if something is located in somewhere , then something can be found in somewhere sent16: if the surface of an object contains something then that object is covered with that something sent17: if something is located in some place , then the presence of that something can be found in that location sent18: if something is a part of something then that something can be found in that something sent19: the moon does not contain air / water sent20: celestial objects are located in outer space sent21: distant means great in distance sent22: instrument means device sent23: satellites are found in space sent24: what is on the surface of the moon is a kind of detailed observation sent25: to be used for something means to help to do that something
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a moon is a kind of celestial object / body [AND] what is on the surface of the moon is a kind of detailed observation [INFER] int1: what is on the surface of the moon is a kind of detailed observation of a celestial object [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] detailed observation of celestial objects requires a telescope [AND] a telescope is used for observing moons [INFER] int2: a telescope can be used to observe what is on the surface of the moon
Question: For a science activity, Mia had to draw a picture of the Moon each night. If Mia drew a new moon, what type of moon did Mia draw about one week later?
Answer: first quarter
Hypothesis: the first quarter phase of the moon will occur one week after the new moon
Supporting facts: sent1: the moon orbiting the earth occurs once per month sent2: 1 month is equal to 28-31 days sent3: period is similar to amount of time sent4: monthly means once per month sent5: approximately means about sent6: a complete revolution / orbit of the moon around the earth takes 1 / one month sent7: the moon completes a lunar cycle over a period of 29 days sent8: days ( d ) are a metric unit used for measuring time generally used for values between 1 and 365 sent9: a different moon phase occurs approximately once per week sent10: size is a property of objects and includes ordered values of microscopic / tiny / small / medium / large sent11: the phases of the moon change the appearance of the moon sent12: the first quarter phase of the moon occurs after the new moon sent13: circular means having the shape of a circle sent14: take a picture means create a picture sent15: the moon is the celestial object that is closest to the earth sent16: moons / comets / planets are part of the solar system sent17: moons orbit planets sent18: the moon is earth 's moon sent19: annual means once per year sent20: a moon is located in space sent21: old is the opposite of new sent22: the moon orbits the earth sent23: revolving around something means orbiting that something sent24: a moon phase is a kind of natural event sent25: lunar phase is synonymous with moon phase
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the first quarter phase of the moon occurs after the new moon [AND] a different moon phase occurs approximately once per week [INFER] int1: the first quarter phase of the moon will occur one week after the new moon
Question: Which phase of the Moon occurs after a waxing gibbous?
Answer: full moon
Hypothesis: a full moon is the moon phase that occurs after a waxing gibbous
Supporting facts: sent1: state of matter is a property of matter and includes ordered values of solid / liquid / gas sent2: the moon is earth 's moon sent3: usually means most of the time sent4: phase means state sent5: occur is similar to appear sent6: the moon orbits the earth sent7: to be found in means to be contained in sent8: revolving around something means orbiting that something sent9: the moon orbiting the earth occurs once per month sent10: a complete revolution / orbit of the moon around the earth takes 1 / one month sent11: amount is a property of something and includes ordered values of none / least / little / some / half / much / many / most / all sent12: a waxing gibbous is a kind of phase of the moon sent13: warm / becoming warm means heat is added sent14: a phase change is when matter / a substance changes from one state of matter into another state of matter sent15: a full moon occurs after a waxing gibbous moon sent16: the moon reflects sunlight towards the earth sent17: generally means usually sent18: to happen means to occur sent19: type of moon / kind of moon means moon phase sent20: a full moon is a kind of phase of the moon sent21: visible means able to be seen sent22: motion / movement means moving / to move sent23: the moon completes a lunar cycle over a period of 29 days sent24: the moon rising occurs once per day sent25: lunar phase is synonymous with moon phase
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a waxing gibbous is a kind of phase of the moon [AND] a full moon occurs after a waxing gibbous moon [AND] a full moon is a kind of phase of the moon [INFER] int1: a full moon is the moon phase that occurs after a waxing gibbous
Question: What keeps the Moon orbiting Earth?
Answer: Earth's gravity
Hypothesis: gravity causes the moon to orbit the earth
Supporting facts: sent1: gravity means gravitational pull / gravitational energy / gravitational force / gravitational attraction sent2: orbit is a kind of characteristic sent3: the moon 's orbit is elliptical sent4: a moon is a kind of satellite sent5: celestial objects are located in outer space sent6: satellites are found in space sent7: a complete revolution / orbit of the moon around the earth takes 1 / one month sent8: gravity causes orbits sent9: earth is a kind of planet sent10: a revolution occurs when something revolves around something else sent11: gravity is a kind of force sent12: if something required for a process is not produced then that process is prevented from occurring / cannot occur sent13: the gravitational pull of the moon on earth 's oceans causes the tides sent14: the earth has more mass than the moon sent15: a satellite orbits a planet sent16: the moon is the celestial object that is closer to the earth than the sun sent17: due to means caused by sent18: planets are found in space sent19: the moon has less water / air than the earth sent20: the moon is a kind of moon sent21: revolving around something means orbiting that something sent22: isaac newton discovered the theory of gravity sent23: the moon is earth 's moon sent24: moons orbit planets sent25: the moon is the celestial object that is closest to the earth
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the moon is a kind of moon [AND] moons orbit planets [AND] earth is a kind of planet [INFER] int1: the moon orbits the earth [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] gravity causes orbits [INFER] int2: gravity causes the moon to orbit the earth
Question: The force necessary to keep planets in orbit around the Sun is
Answer: gravity.
Hypothesis: gravity causes planets in the solar system to orbit the sun
Supporting facts: sent1: celestial bodies / celestial objects are found in space sent2: if a condition is necessary for a process , then that condition make the process possible sent3: our sun is located at the center of our solar system sent4: gravity causes orbits sent5: to keep something occurring means to cause that something to occur sent6: exerting force on an object means a force acts on an object sent7: motion / movement means moving / to move sent8: isaac newton discovered the theory of gravity sent9: take place means happen sent10: planets in the solar system orbit the sun sent11: gravity means gravitational pull / gravitational energy / gravitational force / gravitational attraction sent12: can be means able to be sent13: both means two sent14: a force is a kind of push or pull on an object sent15: planets are found in space sent16: requiring something means needing that something sent17: revolving around something means orbiting that something sent18: mars is a kind of planet sent19: if something required by something else is in a place then that something else may be in that place sent20: to cause means to have an effect sent21: the sun is the strongest source of gravity in the solar system sent22: to depend on / to rely on / to need means to require sent23: to be used for something means to be required by that something sent24: orbit is a kind of characteristic sent25: due to means caused by
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] planets in the solar system orbit the sun [AND] gravity causes orbits [INFER] int1: gravity causes planets in the solar system to orbit the sun
Question: Earth, along with the other planets, revolves around the Sun. The planets revolve in a counterclockwise direction. The cause of the revolution is mostly due to which force?
Answer: gravitational
Hypothesis: gravity causes planets in the solar system to orbit the sun
Supporting facts: sent1: planets are found in space sent2: to cause means to have an effect sent3: planets in the solar system orbit the sun sent4: to cause an event means to make that event more likely sent5: rotating is similar to moving sent6: causing is a kind of affecting sent7: revolve once means to complete a revolution sent8: the sun is the strongest source of gravity in the solar system sent9: to cause means to result in sent10: the universe started as a single mass according to the big bang theory sent11: motion is when moves an object / something to a direction sent12: mostly means being the most sent13: a cause of something is a reason for that something sent14: rotation is the circular movement of an object around a center / axis sent15: gravity causes orbits sent16: if something is caused by something else , then that something can be explained by that something else sent17: a motion is a kind of event / action sent18: if something causes something else then that something else depends on that something sent19: both means two sent20: move around means revolve sent21: isaac newton discovered the theory of gravity sent22: rotate is similar to revolve sent23: if something causes a process then that something is required for that process sent24: to happen means to occur sent25: the earth rotates on its tilted axis
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] gravity causes orbits [AND] planets in the solar system orbit the sun [INFER] int1: gravity causes planets in the solar system to orbit the sun