Question: A student observed a rock made up of many small particles of sand arranged in light-colored layers and dark-colored layers. Which of the following statements describes how this type of rock most likely formed?
Answer: River sediments were slowly compacted and cemented together.
Hypothesis: if a rock is made of small particles of sand with ligh-colored layers and dark-colored layers then that rock was likely formed by sediments compacting and cementing together
Supporting facts: sent1: cementation means the process of cementing sent2: cementing is similar to hardening sent3: in the formation of sedimentary rock , erosion is the first stage sent4: rocks contacting / rubbing each other over long periods of time causes those rocks to smooth sent5: sedimentary rocks often have different colored layers sent6: in the rock cycle , formation of sediments follows weathering and erosion sent7: sediment is a kind of small particle sent8: sedimentary rocks are formed by sediment compacting / cementing together sent9: light is the opposite of dark sent10: light is a kind of color sent11: arrangement means how something is arranged sent12: if two things are opposites then those two things are different sent13: dark is a kind of color sent14: compaction means the process of compacting sent15: a rock has light-colored layers and dark-colored layers sent16: to compact together means to squeeze together sent17: a rock is made up of small particles of sand sent18: sand is a kind of sediment sent19: cementing is similar to sticking together sent20: different classes of rocks are formed by different methods sent21: sediment means deposited materials sent22: erosion is when wind / moving water transports sediments from one place to another place for a long distance sent23: the rock cycle is a cyclical process, with stages of formation, weathering, erosion sent24: rocks / soil / materials interacting with wind / moving water over long periods of time causes weathering sent25: sedimentary rocks are made of small particles
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a rock is made up of small particles of sand [AND] sand is a kind of sediment [INFER] int1: if a rock is made up of small particles of sand then that rock is made up of sediments [BECAUSE] sedimentary rocks are made of small particles [AND] sediment is a kind of small particle [INFER] int2: sedimentary rocks are made of sediment [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: if a rock is made up of small particles of sand then that rock is a sedimentary rock [BECAUSE] if two things are opposites then those two things are different [AND] light is the opposite of dark [INFER] int4: light and dark are different [BECAUSE] light is a kind of color [AND] dark is a kind of color [INFER] int5: light and dark are kinds of color [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] int5 [INFER] int6: light and dark are different kinds of colors [BECAUSE] int6 [AND] a rock has light-colored layers and dark-colored layers [INFER] int7: if a rock has light-colored layers and dark-colored layers then that rock has different colored layers [BECAUSE] int7 [AND] sedimentary rocks often have different colored layers [INFER] int8: if a rock has light-colored layers and dark-colored layers then that rock is likely a sedimentary rock [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] int8 [INFER] int9: if a rock is made up of small particles of sand with light-colored layers and dark-colored layers then that rock is likely a sedimentary rock [BECAUSE] int9 [AND] sedimentary rocks are formed by sediment compacting / cementing together [INFER] int10: if a rock is made of small particles of sand with ligh-colored layers and dark-colored layers then that rock was likely formed by sediments compacting and cementing together