ariesutiono/entailment-bank-v3 huggingface dataset:
Question: A student conducts an experiment with potato slices and salt water. The student wants to determine if a higher concentration of salt will affect the amount of water a potato slice absorbs. Which tool would be best to compare the masses of the potato slices?
Answer: a balance
Hypothesis: comparing the mass of different potato slices requires using a balance for each potato slice
Supporting facts: sent1: as the mass of an object increases , the density of that object will increase sent2: as the mass of an object increases , the force of gravity on that object will increase sent3: absorbing is similar to obtaining sent4: measuring sometimes requires recording / learning an amount sent5: using a raw material sometimes requires absorbing that raw material sent6: if an object is made of a material then that object has the properties of that material sent7: a potato slice is a kind of object sent8: both means two sent9: trade-off means balancing the negative impact and the positive impact sent10: calculating is similar to estimating sent11: a property is similar to a factor sent12: if an object is made of something then the parts of that object are made of that something sent13: measuring is used for describing an object sent14: concentration means amount sent15: mass is a property of objects sent16: measuring requires reading a measurement sent17: when two or more elements / molecules combine chemically , the mass of the product is equal to the combined masses of the elements or molecules sent18: a balance is used for measuring the mass of an object sent19: if something absorbs something else then that something will contain that something else sent20: a factor impacts something sent21: amount is a property of something and includes ordered values of none / least / little / some / half / much / many / most / all sent22: comparing a property of different objects requires measuring that property for each object sent23: mass is similar to size sent24: to measure means to calculate sent25: an example of collecting data is measuring
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] mass is a property of objects [AND] comparing a property of different objects requires measuring that property for each object [INFER] int1: comparing the mass of different objects requires measuring the mass for each object [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a balance is used for measuring the mass of an object [INFER] int2: comparing the mass of different objects requires using a balance for each object [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] a potato slice is a kind of object [INFER] int3: comparing the mass of different potato slices requires using a balance for each potato slice
Question: Which invention uses natural magnetism?
Answer: compass
Hypothesis: a compass is a kind of invention that uses natural magnetism
Supporting facts: sent1: similar means in common sent2: to be used for something means to be required by that something sent3: magnetism is a kind of force sent4: if something has the ability to do something else , then that something can do that something else sent5: to carry means to move something sent6: magnet can be used for separating a magnetic material from a mixture of a magnetic and nonmagnetic material sent7: magnetism is a kind of physical property sent8: the ability to do means be able to do sent9: a tool is a kind of invention sent10: magnetism can cause objects to repel each other sent11: natural magnetism is used for pointing north by a compass sent12: ability is a property of things and includes ordered values of able / unable / can / cannot sent13: travelling requires navigation sent14: able is the opposite of unable sent15: magnetic force means magnetism sent16: something is used for that something 's purpose sent17: useful means good to use sent18: a compass is a kind of tool sent19: to be used for something means to help to do that something sent20: to make means to invent sent21: instrument means tool sent22: n means newton sent23: navigation requires knowing direction sent24: can be means able to be sent25: useful means able to be used
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a compass is a kind of tool [AND] a tool is a kind of invention [INFER] int1: a compass is a kind of invention [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] natural magnetism is used for pointing north by a compass [INFER] int2: a compass is a kind of invention that uses natural magnetism
Question: Which of these tools is used to measure the melting point of ice?
Answer: thermometer
Hypothesis: a thermometer can be used to measure the melting point of a substance
Supporting facts: sent1: worldwide temperature means atmospheric temperature sent2: if the atmospheric temperature rises then the glaciers will melt sent3: freezing point means temperature at which a liquid freezes / below which a liquid freezes sent4: temperature / heat energy is a property of objects / weather and includes ordered values of cold / cool / warm / hot sent5: something is used for that something 's purpose sent6: melting is a kind of phase change sent7: cold means low in temperature sent8: frozen means solid sent9: temperature is a property of air mass and includes ordered values of cold / warm sent10: a thermometer is used to measure temperature sent11: temperature is a property of weather sent12: a measurement is a kind of data sent13: an instrument is a piece of equipment sent14: freezing causes a solid to form sent15: measuring is used for describing an object sent16: how long something takes is a kind of measurement of time sent17: a measure of time is a length of time sent18: recording an observation sometimes requires measuring sent19: ice sheet / polar ice sheet is a kind of glacier sent20: temperature changing can cause phase changes sent21: degrees celsius ( c ) is a metric unit used for measuring temperature generally used for values between -273 and 50000000 sent22: as the temperature of an object increases , the size of that object will increase sent23: freezing point is similar to melting point sent24: a melting point is a temperature sent25: an example of collecting data is measuring
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a thermometer is used to measure temperature [AND] a melting point is a temperature [INFER] int1: a thermometer can be used to measure the melting point of a substance
Question: The distance between Richmond and Norfolk is best measured in ___.
Answer: kilometers
Hypothesis: kilometer can be used to measure the distance between norfolk and richmond
Supporting facts: sent1: property is similar to measurement sent2: a landform is a kind of object sent3: measuring is used for describing an object sent4: recording an observation sometimes requires measuring sent5: proximity means distance sent6: furthest / farthest means greatest / most / highest in distance sent7: virginia contains rivers sent8: approximately means about sent9: travel means to move sent10: norfolk is a county located in england sent11: norfolk is a kind of town sent12: to pass means to travel sent13: to reach somewhere requires traveling sent14: calculation means measurement sent15: an example of collecting data is measuring sent16: richmond is a kind of town sent17: miles ( mi ) are a imperial unit used for measuring length / distance generally used for values between 1 and 50000000 sent18: to measure means to calculate sent19: towns are usually kilometers away from each other sent20: to cross means to pass sent21: speed is a property of an object and includes values of slow / fast sent22: a measurement is a kind of data sent23: comparing requires measuring sent24: miles are a kind of unit for measuring distance sent25: determining often requires measuring / observing
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] norfolk is a kind of town [AND] richmond is a kind of town [INFER] int1: norfolk and richmond are two towns [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] towns are usually kilometers away from each other [INFER] int2: kilometer can be used to measure the distance between norfolk and richmond
Question: Which is the most appropriate SI unit to use for expressing the mass of an automobile?
Answer: kilogram
Hypothesis: kilogram can be used to measure the mass of an automobile
Supporting facts: sent1: to be used for something means to be required by that something sent2: to change into means to form sent3: including means containing sent4: a kilogram is a kind of unit for measuring mass sent5: an automobile is usually a heavy object sent6: mass is similar to size sent7: both means two sent8: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent9: unit is similar to part sent10: determining often requires measuring / observing sent11: air mass means a volume of air sent12: mass is a kind of physical property sent13: size is a property of objects and includes ordered values of microscopic / tiny / small / medium / large sent14: the properties of something are used for describing that something sent15: a measurement is a kind of data sent16: similar means in common sent17: if an object is made of something then the parts of that object are made of that something sent18: kilogram is used to measure heavy objects sent19: measuring requires reading a measurement sent20: calculation means measurement sent21: a vehicle is a kind of tool for travel / transport sent22: if something is made of something else then that something can be broken down into that something else sent23: mass is a kind of information sent24: measuring is used for describing an object sent25: measuring sometimes requires recording / learning an amount
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] kilogram is used to measure heavy objects [AND] a kilogram is a kind of unit for measuring mass [INFER] int1: kilogram is used to measure the mass of heavy objects [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] an automobile is usually a heavy object [INFER] int2: kilogram can be used to measure the mass of an automobile
Question: Andy adds a small amount of water to sand and makes shapes with the wet sand. Which of these best describes the wet sand?
Answer: a mixture
Hypothesis: wet sand is a mixture
Supporting facts: sent1: mixture means solids combined together that maintain their physical properties sent2: an mixture is formed by two or more substances combined together physically sent3: if two substances together form a mixture then those substances can be separated from one another by physical changes sent4: to rub / to rub together means to move against sent5: texture is a property of surfaces / materials / objects and includes ordered values of smooth / rough sent6: a mixture usually is made of objects with different physical properties sent7: water is a kind of substance sent8: wet sand is made of water and sand sent9: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent10: sand drains water quickly sent11: crumple means change shape from smooth / flat into compacted / irregular by mechanical force / kinetic energy sent12: mud is a mixture of soil and water sent13: sand is a kind of sediment sent14: weathering / mechanical weathering means breaking down rocks / surface materials from a larger whole into smaller pieces by weather / mechanical means sent15: sand is a kind of substance sent16: dissolving is a kind of mixing sent17: texture means how an object feels sent18: a wet object is a source of water sent19: damp means a large amount of water sent20: condensing causes a liquid to form sent21: shape is a property of the appearance of an object sent22: if a substance is dissolved in another substance then that substance is added to that other substance sent23: a solution is formed by one substance being dissolved in another substance sent24: the texture of an object can sometimes be told by looking at the object sent25: shape is a kind of characteristic
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] sand is a kind of substance [AND] water is a kind of substance [INFER] int1: water and sand are two substances [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] an mixture is formed by two or more substances combined together physically [AND] wet sand is made of water and sand [INFER] int2: wet sand is a mixture
Question: Which tool would best separate sand and clay mixed in soil?
Answer: sifter
Hypothesis: a sifter can be used to separate sand and clay in the soil
Supporting facts: sent1: sand is a kind of sediment sent2: composition is a property of an object / matter sent3: the parts of something make up that something sent4: if something is made of something / a material then that something contains that something / that material sent5: filtration can be used for separating a mixture of a liquid and a solid sent6: separate is similar to break down sent7: if something is made of something else , then that something else will be the component of that something sent8: sand is insoluble in water sent9: sand is always nonmagnetic sent10: dirt means soil sent11: sand grains means sand sent12: a sifter can be used for separating a mixture of different sized solids sent13: weathering / mechanical weathering means breaking down rocks / surface materials from a larger whole into smaller pieces by weather / mechanical means sent14: to split means to break down sent15: sand is a kind of solid sent16: instrument means tool sent17: sand is insoluble in water sent18: an mixture is formed by two or more substances combined together physically sent19: if an object is made of something then the parts of that object are made of that something sent20: soil is permeable sent21: sand particles are bigger in size than clay particles sent22: clay is always nonmagnetic sent23: clay is a kind of solid sent24: magnetic separation is using a magnet to attract magnetic material from the mixture of magnetic and nonmagnetic material sent25: magnet can be used for separating a magnetic material from a mixture of a magnetic and nonmagnetic material
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] sand is a kind of solid [AND] clay is a kind of solid [INFER] int1: a mixture of clay and sand is a kind of solid mixture [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] sand particles are bigger in size than clay particles [INFER] int2: sand and clay is a solid mixture of different sized particles [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] a sifter can be used for separating a mixture of different sized solids [INFER] int3: a sifter can be used to separate sand and clay in the soil
Question: Which of these objects will most likely float in water?
Answer: table tennis ball
Hypothesis: a tennis ball will float in water
Supporting facts: sent1: shape is a property of an object sent2: particles in a liquid flows past each other sent3: empty into a body of water means enters a body of water sent4: often is similar to likely sent5: an tennis ball contains gas sent6: if an object is made of a material then that object has the properties of that material sent7: an object has properties sent8: something that contains gas is usually buoyant sent9: both means two sent10: if the surface of an object contains something then that object is covered with that something sent11: denser liquids / particles in liquids / materials settle below liquids or particles in liquids / materials that are less dense sent12: surface area is a property of shape sent13: a surface is a part of an object sent14: to be submerged means to be placed under sent15: an ocean contains waves sent16: something harmful can cause harm sent17: something that contains water is similar to a body of water sent18: an ocean is a kind of body of water sent19: if an object is held under a substance then that object is touching that substance sent20: size is a property of objects and includes ordered values of microscopic / tiny / small / medium / large sent21: a body of water contains water sent22: water is a kind of polar substance sent23: motion / movement means moving / to move sent24: something that is buoyant floats in water sent25: usually a body of water is located outside
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] an tennis ball contains gas [AND] something that contains gas is usually buoyant [INFER] int1: a tennis ball is buoyant [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] something that is buoyant floats in water [INFER] int2: a tennis ball will float in water
Question: Which skill is a scientist using when sorting rocks into two groups based on physical appearance?
Answer: classifying
Hypothesis: grouping rocks by their appearance is an example of classifying
Supporting facts: sent1: characteristic means property sent2: how something appears is how that something looks sent3: the properties of something are used for describing that something sent4: to classify means to decide what class something belongs to sent5: classify is similar to characterize sent6: different materials usually have different properties sent7: shape is a property of an object sent8: shape of the parts of something is a property of that something sent9: what an object is made of is a kind of characteristic sent10: differentiate is similar to classify sent11: to categorize means to classify sent12: if something is made of something else then that something can be broken down into that something else sent13: shape is a kind of characteristic sent14: classifying means grouping objects by their properties sent15: grouping means putting / placing in different groups sent16: class is a measure of how a rock is formed sent17: rock means stone sent18: to group means to separate sent19: what something is made of is a property of the organization or that something sent20: to tell the difference between things means to classify those things sent21: a rock is a kind of object sent22: sorting is similar to classifying sent23: appearance is a kind of physical property sent24: each is similar to individual sent25: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] appearance is a kind of physical property [AND] appearance is a kind of physical property [INFER] int1: appearance is a physical property of objects [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a rock is a kind of object [INFER] int2: appearance is a physical property of rocks [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] classifying means grouping objects by their properties [INFER] int3: grouping rocks by their appearance is an example of classifying
Question: A student observes a substance that is highly reflective and able to conduct electricity. The substance also has a high melting point. Which is the most likely classification for this substance?
Answer: metal
Hypothesis: the substance is metal
Supporting facts: sent1: a substance is highly reflective, able to conduct electricity, and have high melting points sent2: classify is similar to characterize sent3: reflection is when a wave bounces off a surface and travels in the opposite direction relative to the angle of incidence sent4: a metal is a kind of element sent5: high means a lot of something sent6: to classify means to decide what class something belongs to sent7: a surface is a part of an object sent8: to tell the difference between things means to classify those things sent9: classifying requires comparing sent10: reflection is when particles bounce off a surface sent11: metal is an electrical conductor sent12: different types of matter have different chemical properties sent13: the properties of something are used for describing that something sent14: different materials usually have different properties sent15: classifying is a kind of science process sent16: shiny things / objects reflect light sent17: melting point can be used to identify a pure substance sent18: observe means see sent19: to categorize means to classify sent20: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent21: reflection is when light is reflected from one object / one place to another object / another place sent22: metals usually have higher melting points than nonmetals sent23: melting point means temperature at which a solid melts / above which a solid melts sent24: metals are reflective in opacity sent25: a type is synonymous with a kind
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] metal is an electrical conductor [AND] metals usually have higher melting points than nonmetals [AND] metals are reflective in opacity [INFER] int1: metals are reflective, electrical conductive, and have high melting points [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a substance is highly reflective, able to conduct electricity, and have high melting points [INFER] int2: the substance is metal
Question: Which property of an object determines how well it conducts electricity?
Answer: the material that the object is made of
Hypothesis: the conductivity of an object depends on the conductivity of its materials
Supporting facts: sent1: material means substance sent2: if an object is made of something then the parts of that object are made of that something sent3: charge is a property of an object / a material / a substance and includes ordered values of negatively-charged / neutral / positively-charged sent4: the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something sent5: matter / materials / substances are made of atoms / particles sent6: a physical property is a kind of property sent7: substances are made of matter sent8: property is similar to measurement sent9: the properties of something are used for describing that something sent10: if an object is made of a material then that object has the properties of that material sent11: determining is similar to controlling sent12: magnetism is a property of materials / objects and includes ordered values of nonmagnetic / magnetic sent13: temperature / heat energy is a property of objects / weather and includes ordered values of cold / cool / warm / hot sent14: metals are made of metal sent15: amount is a property of something and includes ordered values of none / least / little / some / half / much / many / most / all sent16: conducting is a kind of function sent17: metals usually have higher / greater conductivity than nonmetals sent18: objects are made of materials sent19: what something is made of is a property of the organization or that something sent20: if something is made of something else , then that something else will be the component of that something sent21: magnetism is a kind of physical property sent22: electrical current means electrical energy sent23: conductivity is a property of a material sent24: electricity means electrical energy sent25: different materials usually have different properties
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] if an object is made of a material then that object has the properties of that material [AND] objects are made of materials [INFER] int1: objects will have the properties of the its materials [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] conductivity is a property of a material [INFER] int2: the conductivity of an object depends on the conductivity of its materials