ariesutiono/entailment-bank-v3 huggingface dataset:
Question: After a rainfall, which process in the water cycle draws the water back up into the air?
Answer: evaporation
Hypothesis: evaporation of water will follow the collection of rain
Supporting facts: sent1: when water falls from the sky , that water usually returns to the soil sent2: in the water cycle , evaporation always follows collection in bodies of water sent3: solar energy can warm up the air sent4: rain is a source of water sent5: the sun causes water to evaporate more quickly by adding heat sent6: solar energy is a kind of heat energy sent7: rain is a kind of precipitation sent8: rainfall means precipitation sent9: clouds produce precipitation sent10: if something emits something else then that something increases the amount of that something else sent11: when a gas in an open container evaporates / boils , that gas spreads out into the air sent12: in the water cycle , condensation always follows evaporation sent13: water vapor condensing in clouds causes rain sent14: collection in water cycle is when precipitation is collected in bodies of water sent15: rainfall means the amount of precipitation sent16: in the water cycle the sun has the role of causing evaporation sent17: if an object / something is in the sunlight then that object / that something will absorb solar energy sent18: if an object / a substance / a location absorbs solar energy then that object / that substance will increase in temperature sent19: releasing something into the atmosphere increases the amount of that something in the atmosphere sent20: precipitation is a stage in the water cycle process sent21: an example of evaporation is a body of water drying up by absorbing heat energy sent22: clouds produce rain sent23: drawing back up / into is similar to returning sent24: if something releases something else then that something is the source of that something else sent25: in the water cycle , precipitation can follow condensation
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] collection in water cycle is when precipitation is collected in bodies of water [AND] rain is a kind of precipitation [INFER] int1: rain being collected in bodies of water is an example of collection in water cycle [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] in the water cycle , evaporation always follows collection in bodies of water [INFER] int2: evaporation of water will follow the collection of rain
Question: What happens when the Sun's energy warms ocean water?
Answer: The water evaporates.
Hypothesis: the water in the ocean will evaporate
Supporting facts: sent1: in the water cycle the sun has the role of causing evaporation sent2: as the surface area of a body of water increases , evaporation of that body of water will increase sent3: warm up means increase temperature sent4: water is a kind of substance sent5: an example of evaporation is a body of water drying up by absorbing heat energy sent6: if heat is absorbed from a source then that heat source will cool sent7: cooling means temperature decreases sent8: evaporation is when water is drawn back up into the air in the water cycle sent9: rays of the sun means sunlight sent10: the sun's energy is warming ocean water sent11: sunlight means solar energy sent12: heat means the transfer of thermal energy sent13: evaporation means a substance changes from a liquid into a gas by increasing heat energy sent14: solar energy can warm up the air sent15: as the sunlight absorbed by the object increases , the temperature of the object will increase more sent16: thermal energy is a kind of energy sent17: an object moving from a cool place to a warm place causes the object 's temperature to increase sent18: absorbing energy causes objects / materials / substances to heat sent19: heat energy is synonymous with thermal energy sent20: adding heat means increasing temperature sent21: if gas is heated then that gas will expand / rise sent22: if something emits something else then that something increases the amount of that something else sent23: temperature changing can cause phase changes sent24: warming means heat is added sent25: sunlight is a kind of solar energy
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] evaporation means a substance changes from a liquid into a gas by increasing heat energy [AND] water is a kind of substance [INFER] int1: water evaporating is when water changes from a liquid into a gas by increasing heat energy [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] the sun's energy is warming ocean water [AND] warming means heat is added [INFER] int2: the water in the ocean will evaporate
Question: One morning, Jane notices drops of water on the outside of a window. Later in the day, she notices that the drops have disappeared. What most likely caused the drops to disappear?
Answer: Energy from the sun caused the water to evaporate.
Hypothesis: absorbing the energy from the sun will cause drops of water to disapper
Supporting facts: sent1: water is a kind of substance sent2: evaporating is a kind of phase change sent3: a source of something increases the amount of that something sent4: temperature drop means temperature decrease sent5: if water evaporates, then the water will disappear sent6: energy transformation means one kind of energy changes into another kind of energy sent7: temperature changing can cause phase changes sent8: heat energy can change the state of matter sent9: temperature drop means cooling sent10: when a gas in an open container evaporates / boils , that gas spreads out into the air sent11: evaporation causes amount of water to decrease sent12: absorbing sunlight causes objects to heat sent13: as the temperature of a liquid increases , the rate of evaporation of that liquid will increase sent14: a drop is small amount of liquid sent15: drops of water are a kind of objects sent16: thermal energy is a kind of energy sent17: if something releases something else then that something is the source of that something else sent18: producing is similar to causing sent19: if something emits something else then that something increases the amount of that something else sent20: an example of evaporation is a body of water drying up by absorbing heat energy sent21: matter in the gas phase has variable volume sent22: the sun is a source of radiation / heat called sunlight sent23: matter in the gas phase has variable shape sent24: sublimation means matter / a substance changes from a solid into a gas by increasing heat energy sent25: evaporation means a substance changes from a liquid into a gas by increasing heat energy
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] absorbing sunlight causes objects to heat [AND] drops of water are a kind of objects [INFER] int1: absorbing sunlight will cause the drops of water to heat [BECAUSE] water is a kind of substance [AND] evaporation means a substance changes from a liquid into a gas by increasing heat energy [INFER] int2: water evaporating is when water changes from a liquid to a gas by increasing heat energy [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] a drop is small amount of liquid [INFER] int3: a drop of water evaporating is when the water changes from a liquid to a gas by increasing heat energy [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int3 [INFER] int4: absorbing sunlight will cause drops of water to evaporate [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] the sun is a source of radiation / heat called sunlight [INFER] int5: absorbing the energy from the sun will cause drops of water to evaporate [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] if water evaporates, then the water will disappear [INFER] int6: absorbing the energy from the sun will cause drops of water to disapper
Question: Which of these causes the MOST evaporation of water from a lake?
Answer: Heat from the Sun
Hypothesis: in the water cycle the sun has the role of causing evaporation
Supporting facts: sent1: if something emits something else then that something increases the amount of that something else sent2: thermal conduction is when heat flows from warmer object to cooler object sent3: temperature is a measure of heat energy sent4: thermal energy is a source of initial energy gain in the water of a geyser sent5: heat means heat energy sent6: temperature changing can cause phase changes sent7: being in the sun is synonymous with being in the sunlight sent8: as the sunlight absorbed by the object increases , the temperature of the object will increase more sent9: an example of evaporation is a body of water drying up by absorbing heat energy sent10: as the surface area of a body of water increases , evaporation of that body of water will increase sent11: the sun is a source of solar energy called sunlight sent12: evaporation means a substance changes from a liquid into a gas by increasing heat energy sent13: water absorbs solar energy in the water cycle sent14: as the amount of solar energy decreases on earth , the temperature on earth will decrease sent15: thermal energy is a kind of energy sent16: greatest means largest / highest / most amount of something sent17: water is a kind of substance sent18: if something causes an increase in something else then that something produces that something else sent19: heat energy is synonymous with thermal energy sent20: increasing heat causes thermal expansion sent21: bodies of water are located on the surface of the earth sent22: sunlight means solar energy sent23: heat means the transfer of thermal energy sent24: the sun is the source of energy for physical cycles on earth sent25: if a substance absorbs solar energy then that substance will increase in temperature
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] water absorbs solar energy in the water cycle [AND] water is a kind of substance [AND] if a substance absorbs solar energy then that substance will increase in temperature [INFER] int1: water absorbing solar energy will increase in temperature [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] temperature is a measure of heat energy [INFER] int2: water absorbing solar energy will increase in heat energy [BECAUSE] evaporation means a substance changes from a liquid into a gas by increasing heat energy [AND] water is a kind of substance [INFER] int3: evaporation of water is when water changes from a liquid into a gas by increasing heat energy [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] int3 [INFER] int4: water absorbing solar energy will cause the evaporation of water [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] the sun is a source of solar energy called sunlight [INFER] int5: in the water cycle the sun has the role of causing evaporation
Question: Which type of precipitation consists of frozen rain drops?
Answer: sleet
Hypothesis: sleet is the precipitation that consists of frozen raindrops
Supporting facts: sent1: including means containing sent2: cold means low in temperature sent3: snowing is when snow fall from clouds to the earth / ground sent4: rainfall means precipitation sent5: the arctic environment usually is cold in temperature from being at a northern lattitude sent6: icy means made of ice sent7: colder / cooler means lower in temperature sent8: freezing point is similar to melting point sent9: water is in the liquid state , called liquid water , for temperatures between 273 / 32 / 0 and 373 / 212 / 100 k / f / c sent10: freezing means cold temperatures sent11: sleet is a kind of precipitation sent12: sleet is when raindrops freeze as they fall sent13: temperature drop means become colder sent14: temperature drop means temperature decrease sent15: freezing point is a property of a substance / material sent16: to drop means to fall sent17: freezing point means temperature at which a liquid freezes / below which a liquid freezes sent18: drop means decrease sent19: snow is cold sent20: ice is colder in temperature than water sent21: state of matter is a property of matter and includes ordered values of solid / liquid / gas sent22: temperature is a property of air mass and includes ordered values of cold / warm sent23: temperature is a measure of heat energy sent24: temperature drop means cooling sent25: cold temperatures usually have a negative impact on organisms
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] sleet is a kind of precipitation [AND] sleet is when raindrops freeze as they fall [INFER] int1: sleet is the precipitation that consists of frozen raindrops
Question: Which weather condition commonly occurs along a cold front?
Answer: precipitation
Hypothesis: cold fronts cause precipitation as they pass by
Supporting facts: sent1: the arctic environment usually is cold in temperature from being at a northern lattitude sent2: due to means caused by sent3: rainfall means the amount of precipitation sent4: cold air is usually high in air pressure sent5: usually means most of the time sent6: cold temperatures usually have a negative impact on organisms sent7: lack of moisture in the air causes low amounts of rainfall sent8: if a jet stream moves south of a location then that location will experience cold weather sent9: fall / autumn has moderate temperatures / weather sent10: winter has cold temperatures / weather sent11: rainfall means precipitation sent12: generally means usually sent13: a warm front causes cloudy and rainy weather sent14: if it snows , then it will be cold sent15: cold fronts cause thunderstorms as they pass by sent16: determine is similar to cause sent17: as the amount of water in air condensing into clouds decreases , the amount of precipitation will decrease sent18: a thunderstorm is a kind of storm sent19: temperature is a property of air mass and includes ordered values of cold / warm sent20: snowing is when snow fall from clouds to the earth / ground sent21: often is similar to likely sent22: if an event is more common then that event will occur more frequently sent23: an area receiving rain means rain falling in that area sent24: a storm is a source of precipitation sent25: snow is cold
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a thunderstorm is a kind of storm [AND] a storm is a source of precipitation [INFER] int1: a thunderstorm is a source of precipitation [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] cold fronts cause thunderstorms as they pass by [INFER] int2: cold fronts cause precipitation as they pass by
Question: Which factor causes global wind patterns?
Answer: unequal heating of Earth's surface by the Sun
Hypothesis: unequal heating of earth 's surface causes wind
Supporting facts: sent1: an ocean is a kind of body of water sent2: global warming has a negative impact on environment / organisms sent3: uneven means unequal sent4: uneven heating of the earth 's surface causes wind sent5: worldwide temperature means atmospheric temperature sent6: if something causes something else then that something else depends on that something sent7: the sun is the source of energy for physical cycles on earth sent8: the earth revolves around the sun sent9: wind means moving air sent10: to cause means to have an effect sent11: temperature is a property of air mass and includes ordered values of cold / warm sent12: global warming is when worldwide temperature increases sent13: causing is a kind of affecting sent14: heat has a great / big impact on weather sent15: sunlight means solar energy sent16: if an object / something is in the sunlight then that object / that something will absorb solar energy sent17: sunlight produces heat sent18: wind / wind energy is a renewable / inexhaustible resource sent19: solar radiation means solar energy sent20: absorbing sunlight causes objects to heat sent21: wind is a source of energy sent22: as the amount of solar energy decreases on earth , the temperature on earth will decrease sent23: if an object / a substance / a location absorbs solar energy then that object / that substance will increase in temperature sent24: the prevailing westerlies move air masses from east to west across the united states sent25: amount of sunlight causes changing weather patterns
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] uneven means unequal [AND] uneven heating of the earth 's surface causes wind [INFER] int1: unequal heating of earth 's surface causes wind
Question: What energy change takes place when a piece of bread is toasted in a toaster?
Answer: electrical energy to heat energy
Hypothesis: a toaster converts electrical energy to heat energy for toasting
Supporting facts: sent1: thermal conduction is when heat flows from warmer object to cooler object sent2: warm means warm temperature sent3: warm up means increase temperature sent4: a source of heat can be used to heat something sent5: a thermal energy conductor transfers heat from warmer objects / hotter objects to cooler objects sent6: a heating element converts electrical energy / electricity into heat energy for heating sent7: butter is a kind of substance sent8: butter is a kind of solid below 32 degrees celsius sent9: heat energy is synonymous with thermal energy sent10: if something generates energy for something else then that something powers that something else sent11: electrical current means electrical energy sent12: if food is cooked then heat energy is added to that food sent13: heat energy can be used to heat up an object sent14: electrical current running through a wire causes that wire to heat up / to become warm sent15: a toaster is made of a heating element for toasting sent16: a piece is a part of a whole sent17: heat means the transfer of thermal energy sent18: a phase change is when matter / a substance changes from one state of matter into another state of matter sent19: heat energy can change the state of matter sent20: warm / becoming warm means heat is added sent21: energy conversion is similar to energy transformation sent22: when a cooler object touches a warmer object , thermal conduction occurs sent23: a source of something increases the amount of that something sent24: adding heat means increasing temperature sent25: baking is when a human makes food by adding heat
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a toaster is made of a heating element for toasting [AND] a heating element converts electrical energy / electricity into heat energy for heating [INFER] int1: a toaster converts electrical energy to heat energy for toasting
Question: A lamp converts electrical energy to light energy. In addition to the light energy, much of this electrical energy is also converted to
Answer: heat energy
Hypothesis: the light bulb in lamp converts electrical energy into light energy and heat energy
Supporting facts: sent1: electrical current running through a wire causes that wire to heat up / to become warm sent2: adding heat means increasing temperature sent3: light means light energy sent4: a flashlight converts electrical energy / electricity into light energy sent5: a light bulb generates visible light when it is turned on sent6: a light bulb converts electrical energy / electricity into light energy / light energy and heat energy sent7: electricity means electrical energy sent8: heat energy can be used to heat up an object sent9: converting is similar to producing sent10: visible light is a kind of light sent11: sunlight is a kind of light sent12: light is a kind of electromagnetic radiation sent13: converting is similar to turning into sent14: a flashlight requires a source of electricity to produce light sent15: electrical current means electrical energy sent16: a battery converts chemical energy into electrical energy for powering electrical devices sent17: to transform means to convert sent18: electromagnetic energy is a kind of energy sent19: converting is similar to generating sent20: a lit candle converts chemical energy into light energy / heat energy sent21: heat means heat energy sent22: heat means the transfer of thermal energy sent23: energy conversion is similar to energy transformation sent24: a light bulb is a part of a lamp sent25: current means electric current
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a light bulb is a part of a lamp [AND] a light bulb converts electrical energy / electricity into light energy / light energy and heat energy [INFER] int1: the light bulb in lamp converts electrical energy into light energy and heat energy
Question: Electrical energy may sometimes be converted to mechanical energy. Which of these appliances converts electrical energy into mechanical energy?
Answer: fan
Hypothesis: a fan is the appliance that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy
Supporting facts: sent1: converting is similar to turning into sent2: an electrical charge can attract objects to other objects sent3: electrical current means electrical energy sent4: convert is similar to transfer sent5: converting is similar to producing sent6: energy conversion is similar to energy transformation sent7: electricity is made of moving charges / moving charged particles sent8: if something generates energy for something else then that something powers that something else sent9: an electrical device requires electricity to turn on sent10: to transform means to convert sent11: operating electrical appliances requires electricity sent12: a light bulb converts electrical energy / electricity into light energy / light energy and heat energy sent13: if something is powered by something else then that something requires a source of that something else sent14: light is a kind of energy sent15: a fan is a kind of appliance sent16: transferring is similar to adding sent17: energy transformation means one kind of energy changes into another kind of energy sent18: an electric motor is a part of an electric fan for rotating the vanes in the fan sent19: an electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy sent20: converting is similar to generating sent21: electrical devices are used for industrial purposes / household purposes by humans sent22: mechanical energy exerted by an object can be used to push or pull another object sent23: producing thrust causes something / an animal / an object to move sent24: an example of an object with kinetic energy is an object in motion sent25: sound is produced when mechanical energy is transformed into sound energy
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] an electric motor is a part of an electric fan for rotating the vanes in the fan [AND] an electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy [INFER] int1: the electric motor in the fan converts electrical energy into mechanical energy [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a fan is a kind of appliance [INFER] int2: a fan is the appliance that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy
Question: What happens to the chemical energy in methane's bonds when methane reacts with oxygen and forms H_{2}O and CO_{2}?
Answer: It is released as heat.
Hypothesis: methane reacting with oxygen will release light energy and heat energy
Supporting facts: sent1: chemical reactions releasing new substances means chemical reactions forming new substances sent2: products are formed / are produced / are created sent3: combustion reaction releases light energy and heat energy sent4: both means two sent5: taking in and releasing means exchanging sent6: heat means the transfer of thermal energy sent7: producing is similar to releasing sent8: combustion is a kind of chemical change sent9: heat means heat energy sent10: forming is similar to converting sent11: heat energy is synonymous with thermal energy sent12: thermal energy is a kind of energy sent13: methane reacts with oxygen and forms water and carbon dioxide sent14: methane is a kind of substance sent15: a combustion reaction is a reaction where a substance reacts with oxygen gas sent16: adding heat means increasing temperature sent17: to emit means to release sent18: heating means adding heat sent19: amount is a property of something and includes ordered values of none / least / little / some / half / much / many / most / all sent20: to convert means to change sent21: a source of something increases the amount of that something sent22: chemical reactions sometimes cause gas to be released into the atmosphere sent23: if something causes an increase in something else then that something produces that something else sent24: heat means temperature increases sent25: a source of something emits / produces / generates / provides that something
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] methane reacts with oxygen and forms water and carbon dioxide [AND] methane is a kind of substance [AND] a combustion reaction is a reaction where a substance reacts with oxygen gas [INFER] int1: methane reacting with oxygen is a kind of combustion reaction [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] combustion reaction releases light energy and heat energy [INFER] int2: methane reacting with oxygen will release light energy and heat energy