ariesutiono/entailment-bank-v3 huggingface dataset:
Question: Which statement describes how muscles work to allow a person to extend an arm from a curled position by straightening the elbow?
Answer: The triceps contract and the biceps relax.
Hypothesis: triceps contracting / biceps relaxing causes a person 's elbow to straighten
Supporting facts: sent1: relaxing is a kind of movement sent2: biceps are part of an arm sent3: the elbow is part of an arm sent4: a tricep is a kind of muscle sent5: straightening is a kind of movement sent6: triceps are part of an arm sent7: muscular movement helps animals move sent8: a bicep is a kind of muscle sent9: contracting is a kind of movement sent10: if things are part of the same something, then those things are connected
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a tricep is a kind of muscle [AND] contracting is a kind of movement [INFER] int1: a tricep contracting is a kind of muscular movement [BECAUSE] relaxing is a kind of movement [AND] a bicep is a kind of muscle [INFER] int2: a bicep relaxing is a kind of muscular movement [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: a tricep contracting and a bicep relaxing are kinds of muscular movement [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] muscular movement helps animals move [INFER] int4: a tricep contracting and a bicep relaxing helps animals move [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] straightening is a kind of movement [INFER] int5: a tricep contracting and a bicep relaxing helps animals straighten [BECAUSE] biceps are part of an arm [AND] triceps are part of an arm [INFER] int6: triceps and biceps are part of an arm [BECAUSE] int6 [AND] the elbow is part of an arm [INFER] int7: triceps and biceps and the elbow are part of an arm [BECAUSE] int7 [AND] if things are part of the same something, then those things are connected [INFER] int8: triceps and biceps are connected to the elbow [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] int8 [INFER] int9: triceps contracting / biceps relaxing causes a person 's elbow to straighten
Question: A reflex can protect the body from harm. Which organ systems work together to produce a reflex?
Answer: nervous and muscular systems
Hypothesis: the muscular and nervous systems working together causes a reflex
Supporting facts: sent1: muscles are a part of the body sent2: a reflex is a kind of action sent3: muscular movement helps animals move sent4: if two or more systems are used to cause a single action, then those systems work together to cause that action sent5: the muscular system contains muscles sent6: the nervous system is used for controlling the body sent7: movement is a kind of action
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] muscles are a part of the body [AND] the nervous system is used for controlling the body [INFER] int1: the nervous system can be used for controlling the muscles of the body [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] muscular movement helps animals move [INFER] int2: the nervous system can be used to control the muscles of the body to help the body move [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] the muscular system contains muscles [INFER] int3: the nervous system can be used to control the muscular system of the body to help the body move [BECAUSE] a reflex is a kind of action [AND] movement is a kind of action [INFER] int4: a reflex can be a kind of movement [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] int4 [INFER] int5: the nervous system can be used to control the muscular system of the body to cause a reflex [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] if two or more systems are used to cause a single action, then those systems work together to cause that action [INFER] int6: the muscular and nervous systems working together causes a reflex
Question: Which two body systems are directly involved in movement?
Answer: muscular and skeletal
Hypothesis: the muscular system and the skeletal system are involved in helping an animal move
Supporting facts: sent1: moving parts of something helps to move that something sent2: muscles push / pull bones to move the bones sent3: the muscular system contains muscles sent4: if things are used in a process, then those things are involved in that process sent5: skeletal system is made of bones sent6: a skeletal system is a part of an animal
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] muscles push / pull bones to move the bones [AND] the muscular system contains muscles [INFER] int1: the muscular system push / pull bones to move the bones [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] skeletal system is made of bones [INFER] int2: the muscular system push / pull parts of the skeletal system to move the skeletal system [BECAUSE] moving parts of something helps to move that something [AND] a skeletal system is a part of an animal [INFER] int3: moving an animal's skeletal system helps to move that animal [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] int3 [INFER] int4: the muscular system moves the skeletal system to help an animal move [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] if things are used in a process, then those things are involved in that process [INFER] int5: the muscular system and the skeletal system are involved in helping an animal move
Question: In eukaryotic organisms, microtubules give cells structure, and microfilaments help the cell contract and move. Together, they combine to perform functions similar to what two human body systems?
Answer: the skeletal and muscular systems
Hypothesis: microtubules and microfilaments in eukaryotic organisms are similar the the muscular system and skeletal system in animals
Supporting facts: sent1: the skeletal system is used to give structure for the body of animals sent2: muscular movement helps animals move sent3: the muscular system contains muscles sent4: microtubules in eukaryotic organisms help cells move sent5: if two things perform the same function then those two things are similar sent6: microfilaments in eukaryotic organisms give cells structure
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] muscular movement helps animals move [AND] the muscular system contains muscles [INFER] int1: the muscular system helps animals move [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] the skeletal system is used to give structure for the body of animals [INFER] int2: in animals, the muscular system helps the body move and the skeletal system gives the body structure [BECAUSE] microtubules in eukaryotic organisms help cells move [AND] microfilaments in eukaryotic organisms give cells structure [INFER] int3: in eukaryotic organisms, microtubules help cells move and microfilaments give cells structure [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] int3 [INFER] int4: microtubules and microfilaments in eukaryotic organisms and the muscular system and skeletal system in animals both combine to help with movement and giving structure [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] if two things perform the same function then those two things are similar [INFER] int5: microtubules and microfilaments in eukaryotic organisms are similar the the muscular system and skeletal system in animals
Question: Mitochondria are cell organelles that play a large role in energy processes within the body. Which cells are most likely to have a greater amount of mitochondria?
Answer: muscle
Hypothesis: muscle cells are likely to have many mitochondria
Supporting facts: sent1: push is a kind of force sent2: a pull is a kind of force sent3: muscle cells are a part of muscles sent4: force requires energy sent5: muscles push / pull bones to move the bones sent6: if something requires something else, then that something is likely to have many of that something else sent7: mitochondrea play a large role in energy processes within a body sent8: organelle are a part of a cell sent9: if something plays a large role in a process, then that something is required for that process sent10: a mitochondrion is a kind of cellular organelle
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] push is a kind of force [AND] a pull is a kind of force [INFER] int1: a force is a kind of push or pull on an object [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] force requires energy [INFER] int2: a push or pull requires energy [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] muscles push / pull bones to move the bones [INFER] int3: muscles require energy to move bones [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] muscle cells are a part of muscles [INFER] int4: muscle cells require energy for muscle movement [BECAUSE] a mitochondrion is a kind of cellular organelle [AND] organelle are a part of a cell [INFER] int5: a mitochondrion is a part of a cell [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] mitochondrea play a large role in energy processes within a body [INFER] int6: mitochondria are a part of a cell that play a large role in energy processes in the body [BECAUSE] int6 [AND] if something plays a large role in a process, then that something is required for that process [INFER] int7: mitochondria are a part of a cell that are required for energy processes in the body [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] int7 [INFER] int8: muscle cells require mitochondria for energy processes [BECAUSE] int8 [AND] if something requires something else, then that something is likely to have many of that something else [INFER] int9: muscle cells are likely to have many mitochondria
Question: The students in an engineering class built a robot that stacks wooden blocks. A built-in computer controls the movement of the robot. The computer in the robot performs a function most similar to which part of the human body?
Answer: brain
Hypothesis: the computer in a robot is similar to the brain in an animal
Supporting facts: sent1: a body can be a part of a robot sent2: a computer controls a robot sent3: an animal 's brain controls that animal sent4: the brain is a part of the central nervous system sent5: controlling is a kind of function sent6: the nervous system is used for controlling the body sent7: if two things perform the same function then those two things are similar
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a body can be a part of a robot [AND] a computer controls a robot [INFER] int1: a computer can control the body of a robot [BECAUSE] an animal 's brain controls that animal [AND] the brain is a part of the central nervous system [INFER] int2: an animal's brain is a part of the nervous system that controls that animal [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] the nervous system is used for controlling the body [INFER] int3: the brain can control animal body through the nervous system [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int3 [INFER] int4: the computer in a robot and the brain in an animal both control the body of that robot / animal [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] controlling is a kind of function [INFER] int5: the computer in a robot and the brain in an animal both perform the function of controlling the body of that robot / animal [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] if two things perform the same function then those two things are similar [INFER] int6: the computer in a robot is similar to the brain in an animal
Question: The interaction of the skeletal and muscular systems to produce locomotion is coordinated by which human body system?
Answer: nervous
Hypothesis: the interaction of the skeletal and muscular systems to produce locomotion is coordinated by the nervous system
Supporting facts: sent1: the skeletal system is a kind of body system sent2: a body system is a part of the body sent3: the muscular system is a kind of body system sent4: the nervous system is used for controlling the body sent5: the interaction of the skeletal and muscular systems produces locomotion sent6: to control something can mean to coordinate something
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the skeletal system is a kind of body system [AND] the muscular system is a kind of body system [INFER] int1: the muscular system and the skeletal system are both kinds of body systems [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a body system is a part of the body [INFER] int2: the muscular system and the skeletal system are parts of the body [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] the nervous system is used for controlling the body [INFER] int3: the nervous system can be used for controlling the muscular and skeletal systems [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] the interaction of the skeletal and muscular systems produces locomotion [INFER] int4: the interaction of the skeletal and muscular systems to produce locomotion is controlled by the nervous system [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] to control something can mean to coordinate something [INFER] int5: the interaction of the skeletal and muscular systems to produce locomotion is coordinated by the nervous system
Question: Which is a major organ of the nervous system?
Answer: brain
Hypothesis: the brain is a major organ in the nervous system
Supporting facts: sent1: an organ is a part of a body system sent2: a body system is a part of the body / an animal sent3: the nervous system is a kind of body system sent4: if a part of a system can control that system, then that part is a major part of that system sent5: the brain is a part of the central nervous system sent6: the brain can control animal body through the nervous system
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the brain is a part of the central nervous system [AND] the brain can control animal body through the nervous system [INFER] int1: the brain is a part of the nervous system that controls the body of an animal [BECAUSE] a body system is a part of the body / an animal [AND] the nervous system is a kind of body system [INFER] int2: the nervous system is a part of the body of an animal [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: the brain is a part of the nervous system that can control the nervous system [BECAUSE] an organ is a part of a body system [AND] if a part of a system can control that system, then that part is a major part of that system [INFER] int4: if an organ in a body system can control that body system, then that organ is a major organ in that body system [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] int4 [INFER] int5: the brain is a major organ in the nervous system
Question: Which body system's primary function is the continuation of the species?
Answer: reproductive
Hypothesis: a function of the reproductive system is continuing the species
Supporting facts: sent1: if something is used for a performing a process, then performing that process is a function of that something sent2: sexual reproduction is a kind of reproduction sent3: producing offspring ensures the continuation of a species sent4: reproduction produces offspring sent5: the reproductive system is used for sexual reproduction
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] sexual reproduction is a kind of reproduction [AND] the reproductive system is used for sexual reproduction [INFER] int1: the reproductive system is used for reproduction [BECAUSE] producing offspring ensures the continuation of a species [AND] reproduction produces offspring [INFER] int2: reproduction ensures the continuation of a plant or animal species [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: the reproductive system is used for continuing the species [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] if something is used for a performing a process, then performing that process is a function of that something [INFER] int4: a function of the reproductive system is continuing the species
Question: Which of these structures produces male gametes in humans?
Answer: testes
Hypothesis: the testes produce male gametes in humans
Supporting facts: sent1: the testes is a source of male gametes in animals sent2: a source of something produces that something sent3: a human is a kind of animal
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the testes is a source of male gametes in animals [AND] a source of something produces that something [INFER] int1: the testes produce male gametes in animals [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a human is a kind of animal [INFER] int2: the testes produce male gametes in humans
Question: Which sense is used to determine an object's texture?
Answer: touch
Hypothesis: touch can be used for detecting texture
Supporting facts: sent1: texture is a kind of physical property sent2: feeling is when an living thing senses through touch sent3: physical properties can be detected by feeling
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] texture is a kind of physical property [AND] physical properties can be detected by feeling [INFER] int1: texture can be detected by feeling [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] feeling is when an living thing senses through touch [INFER] int2: touch can be used for detecting texture
Question: Which system of the human body provides protection to most of the major organs?
Answer: skeletal system
Hypothesis: the skeletal system protects most major organs
Supporting facts: sent1: something hard can be used for protection sent2: most major organs are internal organs sent3: the body is a part of an animal sent4: internal organs are a part of the body sent5: bone is hard sent6: protecting part of something helps to protect that something sent7: skeletal system is made of bones
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] something hard can be used for protection [AND] bone is hard [INFER] int1: bone can be used for protection [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] skeletal system is made of bones [INFER] int2: the skeletal system is used to provide protection for animals [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] protecting part of something helps to protect that something [INFER] int3: the skeletal system protects parts of an animal in order to protect that animal [BECAUSE] the body is a part of an animal [AND] internal organs are a part of the body [INFER] int4: internal organs are a part of an animal [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] int4 [INFER] int5: the skeletal system protects internal organs [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] most major organs are internal organs [INFER] int6: the skeletal system protects most major organs
Question: Which body system is most affected by a disease that causes the bones to become weak and brittle?
Answer: skeletal
Hypothesis: the disease affects the skeletal system
Supporting facts: sent1: skeletal system is made of bones sent2: if something causes something else to change, then that something affects that something else sent3: a disease causes bones become weak and brittle sent4: to become something is a kind of change
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a disease causes bones become weak and brittle [AND] to become something is a kind of change [INFER] int1: a disease causes bones to change [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] if something causes something else to change, then that something affects that something else [INFER] int2: a disease affects bones [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] skeletal system is made of bones [INFER] int3: the disease affects parts of the skeletal system [BECAUSE] int3 [INFER] int4: the disease affects the skeletal system
Question: A scientist studies the remains of two extinct animals to learn more about how they lived. She determines that one animal was a carnivore and the other was an herbivore. Which of the following did the scientist most likely compare to make this conclusion?
Answer: the skull of the animals
Hypothesis: the skull of an animal can be used to determine if that animal was a carnivore or an herbivore
Supporting facts: sent1: jaws are part of an animal used for eating sent2: jaws are a part of an animal's skull sent3: if one type of animal has a different feature compared to another type of animal, then that feature is specific to that type of animal sent4: teeth have different shapes for eating different foods sent5: carnivores only eat animals sent6: herbivores only eat plants sent7: teeth are part of an animal used for eating sent8: jaws have different shapes for eating different foods sent9: if a part of an animal is specific to a type of animal, then that part can be used to determine whether or not that animal was that type of animal sent10: teeth are a part of an animal's skull
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] jaws are part of an animal used for eating [AND] teeth are part of an animal used for eating [INFER] int1: teeth and jaws are part of an animal used for eating [BECAUSE] teeth have different shapes for eating different foods [AND] jaws have different shapes for eating different foods [INFER] int2: teeth and jaws have different shapes for eating different foods [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: animals that eat different foods have differently shaped teeth and jaws [BECAUSE] carnivores only eat animals [AND] herbivores only eat plants [INFER] int4: carnivores only eat animals and herbivores only eat plants [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] int4 [INFER] int5: canivores have differently shaped teeth and jaws than herbivores [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] if one type of animal has a different feature compared to another type of animal, then that feature is specific to that type of animal [INFER] int6: certain teeth and jaws are specific to carnivores and other teeth and jaws are specific to herbivores [BECAUSE] int6 [AND] if a part of an animal is specific to a type of animal, then that part can be used to determine whether or not that animal was that type of animal [INFER] int7: teeth and jaws can be used to determine whether an animal is a carnivore or an herbivore [BECAUSE] teeth are a part of an animal's skull [AND] jaws are a part of an animal's skull [INFER] int8: teeth and jaws are a part of an animal's skull [BECAUSE] int7 [AND] int8 [INFER] int9: the skull of an animal can be used to determine if that animal was a carnivore or an herbivore
Question: What is the main function of scales on a fish?
Answer: to protect the fish
Hypothesis: the function of the scales of fish is to protect fish
Supporting facts: sent1: a fish is a kind of scaled animal sent2: protecting is a kind of function sent3: scales are used for protection by scaled animals
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a fish is a kind of scaled animal [AND] protecting is a kind of function [AND] scales are used for protection by scaled animals [INFER] int1: the function of the scales of fish is to protect fish
Question: Western coral snakes have a striped color pattern and are poisonous. Arizona mountain king snakes look like western coral snakes but are not poisonous. The color pattern of the Arizona mountain king snake is an example of
Answer: mimicry.
Hypothesis: arizona mountain king snakes camouflaging themselves is an example of mimicry
Supporting facts: sent1: a western coral snake is poisonous sent2: arizona mountain king snakes are not poisonous sent3: coloration is a kind of adaptation for hiding / camouflage sent4: arizona mountain king snakes have a striped color pattern sent5: western coral snakes have a striped color pattern sent6: a poisonous animal is dangerous sent7: a color pattern is a kind of coloration sent8: mimicry is used for avoiding predators by animals by camouflaging as a dangerous animal
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a western coral snake is poisonous [AND] western coral snakes have a striped color pattern [INFER] int1: western coral snakes have a striped color pattern and are poisonous [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a poisonous animal is dangerous [INFER] int2: western coral snakes are dangerous animal with striped color and are poisonous [BECAUSE] arizona mountain king snakes are not poisonous [AND] arizona mountain king snakes have a striped color pattern [INFER] int3: arizona mountain king snakes have a striped color pattern and are not poisonous [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] int3 [INFER] int4: arizona mountain king snakes have a similar color pattern to a dangerous animal [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] a color pattern is a kind of coloration [INFER] int5: arizona mountain king snakes have a similar coloration to a dangerous animal [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] coloration is a kind of adaptation for hiding / camouflage [INFER] int6: arizona mountain king snakes camouflage themselves as a dangerous animal [BECAUSE] int6 [AND] mimicry is used for avoiding predators by animals by camouflaging as a dangerous animal [INFER] int7: arizona mountain king snakes camouflaging themselves is an example of mimicry
Question: Which organ directly works to protect the human body from disease?
Answer: skin
Hypothesis: skin is the organ that can protect the body from disease caused by harmful substances
Supporting facts: sent1: harmful substances can cause disease in human sent2: skin is a kind of organ sent3: skin is used for protecting the body from harmful substances
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] skin is a kind of organ [AND] skin is used for protecting the body from harmful substances [INFER] int1: skin is the organ that protects the body from harmful substances [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] harmful substances can cause disease in human [INFER] int2: skin is the organ that can protect the body from disease caused by harmful substances
Question: The skin is the largest organ in the human body. Why is skin considered to be an organ?
Answer: It is made of tissues.
Hypothesis: skin is a kind of organ
Supporting facts: sent1: skin is made of skin tissues sent2: organs are made of different types of cellular tissues
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] skin is made of skin tissues [AND] organs are made of different types of cellular tissues [INFER] int1: skin is a kind of organ