ariesutiono/entailment-bank-v3 huggingface dataset:
Question: What do plants take from the air that helps them make food?
Answer: carbon dioxide
Hypothesis: taking in carbon dioxide helps a plant make food
Supporting facts: sent1: carbon dioxide can be found in the air sent2: photosynthesis is a source of / makes food / energy for the plant by converting carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight into carbohydrates sent3: taking in carbon dioxide is a stage in the photosynthesis process sent4: if something is a stage in a process then that something helps that process
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] taking in carbon dioxide is a stage in the photosynthesis process [AND] if something is a stage in a process then that something helps that process [INFER] int1: taking in carbon dioxide helps the photosynthesis process [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] carbon dioxide can be found in the air [INFER] int2: taking in carbon dioxide from the air helps the photosynthesis process [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] photosynthesis is a source of / makes food / energy for the plant by converting carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight into carbohydrates [INFER] int3: taking in carbon dioxide helps a plant make food
Question: In what way does society benefit from research on diseases?
Answer: Many illnesses will be prevented or cured.
Hypothesis: research on a disease has a positive impact on society by helping to prevent / cure that disease
Supporting facts: sent1: society is made of humans sent2: preventing something decreases the amount of that something sent3: learning about the cause of something has a positive impact on preventing that something sent4: curing something can mean decreasing the amount of that something sent5: if something has a positive impact on a process then that something helps that process sent6: decreasing something negative has a positive impact on a thing sent7: learning about the cause of a disease has a positive impact on finding a cure for the disease sent8: research is used for learning sent9: disease has a negative impact on an organism
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] learning about the cause of something has a positive impact on preventing that something [AND] learning about the cause of a disease has a positive impact on finding a cure for the disease [INFER] int1: learning about the cause of a disease has a positive impact on preventing / finding a cure for that disease [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] research is used for learning [INFER] int2: research on a disease has a positive impact on preventing / finding a cure for the disease [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] if something has a positive impact on a process then that something helps that process [INFER] int3: research on a disease helps prevent / find a cure for that disease [BECAUSE] society is made of humans [AND] disease has a negative impact on an organism [INFER] int4: disease has a negative impact on society [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] decreasing something negative has a positive impact on a thing [INFER] int5: decreasing disease has a positive impact on society [BECAUSE] preventing something decreases the amount of that something [AND] curing something can mean decreasing the amount of that something [INFER] int6: preventing / curing something can decrease the amount of that something [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] int6 [INFER] int7: preventing / curing disease has a positive impact on society [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] int7 [INFER] int8: research on a disease has a positive impact on society by helping to prevent / cure that disease
Question: John has diabetes. Which of the following should he be careful about eating or drinking?
Answer: fruit juice
Hypothesis: a person with diabetes should be careful about drinking fruit juice
Supporting facts: sent1: fruit juice is a kind of drink sent2: sugary foods / drinks are dangerous to a person with diabetes sent3: fruit juice is usually high in sugar sent4: a person eats food / drinks drinks sent5: a person should be careful about something dangerous
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] sugary foods / drinks are dangerous to a person with diabetes [AND] a person eats food / drinks drinks [INFER] int1: eating / drinking sugary foods / drinks is dangerous to a person with diabetes [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a person should be careful about something dangerous [INFER] int2: a person with diabetes should be careful about eating or drinking something that is high in sugar [BECAUSE] fruit juice is a kind of drink [AND] fruit juice is usually high in sugar [INFER] int3: fruit juice is a kind of drink that is high in sugar [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] int3 [INFER] int4: a person with diabetes should be careful about drinking fruit juice
Question: New vaccines for diseases are being developed all the time. How do vaccines most likely help people?
Answer: Vaccines help prevent illnesses.
Hypothesis: vaccines help organisms by helping to prevent illness
Supporting facts: sent1: having a positive impact on something helps that something sent2: decreasing something negative has a positive impact on a thing sent3: illness has a negative impact on an organism 's health sent4: preventing something decreases the amount of that something sent5: vaccines can help prevent illness
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] decreasing something negative has a positive impact on a thing [AND] illness has a negative impact on an organism 's health [INFER] int1: decreasing illness has a positive impact on an organism's health [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] preventing something decreases the amount of that something [INFER] int2: preventing illness has a positive impact on an organism's health [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] vaccines can help prevent illness [INFER] int3: vaccines have a positive impact on an organism's health by helping to prevent illness [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] having a positive impact on something helps that something [INFER] int4: vaccines help organisms by helping to prevent illness
Question: One way to protect against food poisoning is to
Answer: cook food to proper temperatures.
Hypothesis: cooking food protects against food poisoning
Supporting facts: sent1: cooking food requires adding heat energy to the food sent2: preventing something is a kind of method of protection against that something sent3: adding heat to something kills viruses / bacteria in that something sent4: killing something reduces the amount of that something sent5: food poisoning is a kind of illness sent6: bacteria can cause people to become ill sent7: if something causes something else then then reducing that something will prevent that something else
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] food poisoning is a kind of illness [AND] bacteria can cause people to become ill [INFER] int1: bacteria / viruses cause food poisoning [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] if something causes something else then then reducing that something will prevent that something else [INFER] int2: reducing bacteria in food prevents food poisoning in people [BECAUSE] adding heat to something kills viruses / bacteria in that something [AND] killing something reduces the amount of that something [INFER] int3: adding heat to something reduces the bacteria in that something [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] int3 [INFER] int4: adding heat to food prevents food poisoning [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] cooking food requires adding heat energy to the food [INFER] int5: cooking food prevents food poisoning [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] preventing something is a kind of method of protection against that something [INFER] int6: cooking food protects against food poisoning
Question: Which of the following can provide the human body with long-term immunity against some diseases?
Answer: vaccines
Hypothesis: vaccines provide the body with long-term immunity against some diseases
Supporting facts: sent1: a source of something provides that something sent2: vaccines are a source of long-term immunity against some diseases for the human body
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a source of something provides that something [AND] vaccines are a source of long-term immunity against some diseases for the human body [INFER] int1: vaccines provide the body with long-term immunity against some diseases
Question: Which activity is an example of a good health habit?
Answer: exercising every day
Hypothesis: exercising is a good health habit
Supporting facts: sent1: exercising causes the body to become stronger sent2: poor health / bad health / unhealthy is the opposite of good health / healthy sent3: a health habit is a kind of action that affects health sent4: being stronger usually has a positive impact on an organism 's / living thing 's health
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] exercising causes the body to become stronger [AND] being stronger usually has a positive impact on an organism 's / living thing 's health [INFER] int1: exercise has a positive impact on a human 's health [BECAUSE] poor health / bad health / unhealthy is the opposite of good health / healthy [AND] a health habit is a kind of action that affects health [INFER] int2: a good health habit causes a living thing to be healthy [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: exercising is a good health habit
Question: Which of these is a nonliving part of a forest?
Answer: Soil
Hypothesis: soil is a nonliving part of a forest
Supporting facts: sent1: a forest is a kind of environment sent2: soil is usually part of an environment sent3: soil is a kind of nonliving thing
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] soil is usually part of an environment [AND] soil is a kind of nonliving thing [INFER] int1: soil is a nonliving part of an environment [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a forest is a kind of environment [INFER] int2: soil is a nonliving part of a forest
Question: Which of the following is a living component of a desert in California?
Answer: horned lizard
Hypothesis: a horned lizard is a living component of a desert environment
Supporting facts: sent1: a horned lizard is a kind of organism sent2: organisms are a part of an environment sent3: if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something sent4: if something contains something else , then that something else will be the component of that something sent5: a desert is a kind of environment sent6: some lizards live in desert habitats sent7: a horned lizard is a kind of lizard sent8: organisms are living things
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] some lizards live in desert habitats [AND] a horned lizard is a kind of lizard [INFER] int1: some horned lizards live in the desert [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a desert is a kind of environment [INFER] int2: some horned lizards live in a desert environment [BECAUSE] organisms are a part of an environment [AND] organisms are living things [INFER] int3: organisms are living parts of an environment [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] a horned lizard is a kind of organism [INFER] int4: a horned lizard is a living part of an environment [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] int4 [INFER] int5: a horned lizard is a living part of a desert environment [BECAUSE] if something is a part of something else then that something else contains that something [AND] if something contains something else , then that something else will be the component of that something [INFER] int6: if something is a part of something else then that something is a component of that something else [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] int6 [INFER] int7: a horned lizard is a living component of a desert environment
Question: Which body of water has the fewest plants and animals living in it?
Answer: glacier
Hypothesis: a glacier contains few organisms
Supporting facts: sent1: a body of water is a kind of environment sent2: if the properties of an environment have a negative impact on organisms then that environment will contain few organisms sent3: ice is cold in temperature sent4: a glacier is a kind of body of water sent5: a glacier is made of ice sent6: cold temperatures usually have a negative impact on organisms sent7: temperature is a property of an environment
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] cold temperatures usually have a negative impact on organisms [AND] temperature is a property of an environment [INFER] int1: cold temperatures are a property of an environment that have a negative impact on organisms [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] if the properties of an environment have a negative impact on organisms then that environment will contain few organisms [INFER] int2: cold environments contain few organisms [BECAUSE] ice is cold in temperature [AND] a glacier is made of ice [INFER] int3: a glacier is cold in temperature [BECAUSE] a body of water is a kind of environment [AND] a glacier is a kind of body of water [INFER] int4: a glacier is a kind of environment [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] int3 [AND] int4 [INFER] int5: a glacier contains few organisms
Question: What is an example of a shelter in an ecosystem?
Answer: a raccoon in a hollow log
Hypothesis: an example of a shelter is a raccon living in a hollow log
Supporting facts: sent1: shelter is a kind of place / building / structure for protection sent2: animals usually live in protected places sent3: a raccoon is a kind of animal sent4: some raccoons live in hollow logs
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] shelter is a kind of place / building / structure for protection [AND] animals usually live in protected places [INFER] int1: a shelter is used for living in by animals [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a raccoon is a kind of animal [INFER] int2: a shelter can be used for living in by raccoons [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] some raccoons live in hollow logs [INFER] int3: an example of a shelter is a raccon living in a hollow log
Question: What is a large buildup of moving ice and snow called?
Answer: glacier
Hypothesis: a glacier is a large moving buildup of ice and snow
Supporting facts: sent1: a glacier is made of a large buildup of ice / snow sent2: a glacier moves slowly
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a glacier is made of a large buildup of ice / snow [AND] a glacier moves slowly [INFER] int1: a glacier is a large moving buildup of ice and snow
Question: Which comparison of ecosystems is true?
Answer: Grasslands get more rain than deserts.
Hypothesis: a grassland receives more rain than a desert
Supporting facts: sent1: rainfall is the amount of rain an area receives sent2: a grassland receives moderate rainfall sent3: a desert environment receives low rainfall sent4: amount is a kind of property with ordered values of low / moderate / high
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a grassland receives moderate rainfall [AND] a desert environment receives low rainfall [INFER] int1: a desert receives low rainfall and a grassland receives moderate rainfall [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] rainfall is the amount of rain an area receives [INFER] int2: a desert receives a low amount of rain and a grassland receives a moderate amount of rain [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] amount is a kind of property with ordered values of low / moderate / high [INFER] int3: a grassland receives more rain than a desert
Question: Which invention would a culture living above the Arctic Circle most likely develop?
Answer: insulated clothing
Hypothesis: a human might develop insulated clothing for keeping warm in an arctic environment
Supporting facts: sent1: clothing is a kind of covering made from materials sent2: keeping warm is the opposite of becoming cold sent3: insulated material can be used for keeping warm sent4: if something / an invention / a discovery is invented / discovered then that something / that invention / that discovery can be used sent5: if a living thing becomes too cold then that living thing will die sent6: humans usually develop inventions that they require sent7: if the environmental temperature / air temperature is too cold then an animal / a living thing in that environment may become cold sent8: the arctic environment usually is cold in temperature from being at a northern lattitude
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] keeping warm is the opposite of becoming cold [AND] if a living thing becomes too cold then that living thing will die [INFER] int1: an animal requires warmth for survival [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] if the environmental temperature / air temperature is too cold then an animal / a living thing in that environment may become cold [INFER] int2: an animal requires warmth for survival in a cold environment [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] the arctic environment usually is cold in temperature from being at a northern lattitude [INFER] int3: an animal requires warmth for survival in an arctic environment [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] humans usually develop inventions that they require [INFER] int4: a human might develop an invention for warmth in an arctic environment [BECAUSE] clothing is a kind of covering made from materials [AND] insulated material can be used for keeping warm [INFER] int5: clothing made from insulated material can be used for keeping warm [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] if something / an invention / a discovery is invented / discovered then that something / that invention / that discovery can be used [INFER] int6: if insulated clothing is developed then it can be used for keeping warm [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] int6 [INFER] int7: a human might develop insulated clothing for keeping warm in an arctic environment
Question: Which animal eats only plants?
Answer: Rabbit
Hypothesis: a rabbit only eats plants
Supporting facts: sent1: herbivores only eat plants sent2: a rabbit is a kind of herbivore
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] herbivores only eat plants [AND] a rabbit is a kind of herbivore [INFER] int1: a rabbit only eats plants
Question: Which of the following is a consumer?
Answer: rabbit
Hypothesis: a rabbit is a kind of consumer
Supporting facts: sent1: rabbits eat plants sent2: a plant is a kind of organism sent3: consumers eat other organisms
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] rabbits eat plants [AND] a plant is a kind of organism [INFER] int1: rabbits eat organisms [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] consumers eat other organisms [INFER] int2: a rabbit is a kind of consumer
Question: Animals that eat both plant matter and meat are referred to as
Answer: omnivores.
Hypothesis: omnivores eat plant matter and meat
Supporting facts: sent1: omnivores eat plants and animals sent2: plants are made of plant matter sent3: animals contain meat
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] omnivores eat plants and animals [AND] plants are made of plant matter [INFER] int1: omnivores eat plant matter and animals [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] animals contain meat [INFER] int2: omnivores eat plant matter and meat
Question: What is one way plants and animals are different?
Answer: Plants produce their own food, and animals do not.
Hypothesis: plants and animals are different because a plant can produce its own food but an animal can not produce its own food
Supporting facts: sent1: a producer produces its own food sent2: an animal is a kind of consumer sent3: a consumer can not produce its own food sent4: if one thing can do something but another thing can not do that something then those two things are different sent5: plants are a kind of producer
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a producer produces its own food [AND] plants are a kind of producer [INFER] int1: a plant can produce its own food [BECAUSE] an animal is a kind of consumer [AND] a consumer can not produce its own food [INFER] int2: an animal can not produce its own food [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: a plant can produce its own food but an animal can not produce its own food [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] if one thing can do something but another thing can not do that something then those two things are different [INFER] int4: plants and animals are different because a plant can produce its own food but an animal can not produce its own food
Question: Mold is often found growing on old bread. In a food chain, mold is a ___.
Answer: decomposer
Hypothesis: in the food chain mold has the role of decomposer
Supporting facts: sent1: mold is a kind of fungus sent2: in the food chain process fungi have the role of decomposer
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] mold is a kind of fungus [AND] in the food chain process fungi have the role of decomposer [INFER] int1: in the food chain mold has the role of decomposer
Question: When plants and animals die, which organisms help return nutrients to the food chain?
Answer: decomposers
Hypothesis: a decomposer is a kind of organism that returns nutrients from dead organisms to the food chain
Supporting facts: sent1: a decomposer is a kind of organism sent2: if some nutrients are in the soil then those nutrients are in the food chain sent3: decomposition is when a decomposer recycles / returns nutrients / nitrogen from dead organisms to the soil by eating those dead organisms
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] if some nutrients are in the soil then those nutrients are in the food chain [AND] decomposition is when a decomposer recycles / returns nutrients / nitrogen from dead organisms to the soil by eating those dead organisms [INFER] int1: decomposition is when a decomposer returns nutrients from dead organisms to the food chain [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a decomposer is a kind of organism [INFER] int2: a decomposer is a kind of organism that returns nutrients from dead organisms to the food chain
Question: A decomposer is an organism that
Answer: breaks down dead plants and animals
Hypothesis: a decomposer is a kind of organism that breaks down dead plants and animals
Supporting facts: sent1: decomposition is when a decomposer breaks down dead organisms sent2: a decomposer is a kind of organism sent3: a plant is a kind of organism sent4: an animal is a kind of organism
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] decomposition is when a decomposer breaks down dead organisms [AND] a decomposer is a kind of organism [INFER] int1: a decomposer is a kind of organism that breaks down dead organisms [BECAUSE] a plant is a kind of organism [AND] an animal is a kind of organism [INFER] int2: plants and animals are kinds of organisms [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: a decomposer is a kind of organism that breaks down dead plants and animals
Question: What is a decomposer?
Answer: a living thing that breaks down dead organisms
Hypothesis: a decomposer is a kind of living thing that breaks down dead organisms
Supporting facts: sent1: decomposition is when a decomposer breaks down dead organisms sent2: a decomposer is a kind of living thing
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] decomposition is when a decomposer breaks down dead organisms [AND] a decomposer is a kind of living thing [INFER] int1: a decomposer is a kind of living thing that breaks down dead organisms
Question: What is a source of food and growth for a mushroom?
Answer: rotting organisms
Hypothesis: rotting organisms are a source of food for mushrooms
Supporting facts: sent1: dead organisms are the source of nutrients for decomposers sent2: dead organisms rot sent3: a mushroom is a kind of fungus sent4: in the food chain process fungi have the role of decomposer
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] dead organisms are the source of nutrients for decomposers [AND] dead organisms rot [INFER] int1: rotting organisms are a source of nutrients for decomposers [BECAUSE] a mushroom is a kind of fungus [AND] in the food chain process fungi have the role of decomposer [INFER] int2: in the food chain process mushrooms have the role of decomposer [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: rotting organisms are a source of food for mushrooms
Question: What is the role of decomposers in a food chain?
Answer: They break down dead organic matter.
Hypothesis: the role of decomposers in the food chain process is to break down dead organic matter
Supporting facts: sent1: decomposition is when a decomposer breaks down dead organisms sent2: an organism is a source of organic matter sent3: decomposer is a kind of role in the food chain process / in an ecosystem
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] decomposition is when a decomposer breaks down dead organisms [AND] decomposer is a kind of role in the food chain process / in an ecosystem [INFER] int1: the role of decomposers in the food chain process is to break down dead organisms [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] an organism is a source of organic matter [INFER] int2: the role of decomposers in the food chain process is to break down dead organic matter