ariesutiono/entailment-bank-v3 huggingface dataset:
Question: A teacher places an item in a box. The item takes the shape of the entire container. This item is most likely
Answer: air.
Hypothesis: the item is most likely air
Supporting facts: sent1: air is a kind of gas sent2: matter in gas phase takes the shape of the entire container sent3: the item takes the shape of the entire container
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] matter in gas phase takes the shape of the entire container [AND] the item takes the shape of the entire container [INFER] int1: the item is a kind of matter in the gas phase [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] air is a kind of gas [INFER] int2: the item is most likely air
Question: When you make soap bubbles, what is inside the bubbles?
Answer: Air
Hypothesis: air is inside the soap bubbles
Supporting facts: sent1: a bubble is made of pockets of gas trapped inside a liquid or solid sent2: soap bubbles are made of air trapped inside soap liquid
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a bubble is made of pockets of gas trapped inside a liquid or solid [AND] soap bubbles are made of air trapped inside soap liquid [INFER] int1: air is inside the soap bubbles
Question: A student is given a liquid compound in a beaker. Which of the following is the best way to describe this liquid compound?
Answer: indefinite shape, definite volume
Hypothesis: a compound in the liquid phase has definite volume and indefinite shape
Supporting facts: sent1: a compound is a kind of substance sent2: matter in the liquid phase has variable shape sent3: matter in the liquid phase has definite volume sent4: indefinite means variable sent5: substances are made of matter
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] matter in the liquid phase has variable shape [AND] matter in the liquid phase has definite volume [INFER] int1: matter in the liquid phase has definite volume and variable shape [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] indefinite means variable [INFER] int2: matter in the liquid phase has definite volume and indefinite shape [BECAUSE] a compound is a kind of substance [AND] substances are made of matter [INFER] int3: a compound is made of matter [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] int3 [INFER] int4: a compound in the liquid phase has definite volume and indefinite shape
Question: Which statement best describes a liquid sample?
Answer: It will retain its volume if transferred to a larger container.
Hypothesis: liquid sample will retain its volume when transferredn to a different container
Supporting facts: sent1: matter in the liquid phase has definite volume sent2: if something has a definite volume , then its volume will not change when transferred into a different container
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] matter in the liquid phase has definite volume [AND] if something has a definite volume , then its volume will not change when transferred into a different container [INFER] int1: liquid sample will retain its volume when transferredn to a different container
Question: A student describes a substance as lacking a definite shape. The description also states that the particles of matter are close to each other but still able to flow past each other. Which type of substance is the student most likely describing?
Answer: liquid
Hypothesis: the substance can only be in liquid phase
Supporting facts: sent1: particles in a liquid flows past each other sent2: the particles in the substance are close and able to flow past each other sent3: the substance has a variable shape sent4: matter in the liquid phase has variable shape sent5: particles in a liquid are close to each other
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] particles in a liquid flows past each other [AND] particles in a liquid are close to each other [INFER] int1: particles in a liquid are close and can flow past each other [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] the particles in the substance are close and able to flow past each other [INFER] int2: the substance could be in liquid phase [BECAUSE] the substance has a variable shape [AND] matter in the liquid phase has variable shape [INFER] int3: the substance could be in liquid phase or gas phase [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] int3 [INFER] int4: the substance can only be in liquid phase
Question: Which invention will best help people travel quickly to far away places?
Answer: airplane
Hypothesis: an airplane can move people to far away places quickly
Supporting facts: sent1: an airplane is fast in speed sent2: an airplane is used for moving people to far away places
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] an airplane is fast in speed [AND] an airplane is used for moving people to far away places [INFER] int1: an airplane can move people to far away places quickly
Question: You need to move products across the ocean from Boston to Europe. What are your choices?
Answer: ship or airplane
Hypothesis: ship or airplane can move products across ocean
Supporting facts: sent1: an ocean is a kind of body of water sent2: a airplane is used for moving products across bodies of water sent3: a ship is used for moving products across bodies of water
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a airplane is used for moving products across bodies of water [AND] a ship is used for moving products across bodies of water [INFER] int1: ship or airplane can move products across bodies of water [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] an ocean is a kind of body of water [INFER] int2: ship or airplane can move products across ocean
Question: Which is an example of a human-made product?
Answer: cake
Hypothesis: a cake is a product made by human adding heat to it
Supporting facts: sent1: a cake is a kind of baked product sent2: baking is when a human makes food by adding heat
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a cake is a kind of baked product [AND] baking is when a human makes food by adding heat [INFER] int1: a cake is a product made by human adding heat to it
Question: Which best describes transportation technology?
Answer: a system that is used to move people and products
Hypothesis: transportation technology is a system that moves people and products
Supporting facts: sent1: transportation technology is used for moving people / products sent2: transportation technology is a kind of system for moving people and products
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] transportation technology is used for moving people / products [AND] transportation technology is a kind of system for moving people and products [INFER] int1: transportation technology is a system that moves people and products
Question: Astronomers and biologists study different areas of science. Many astronomers observe far distant objects in the sky. Many biologists study extremely small objects. What do these astronomers and biologists have most in common?
Answer: They both make discoveries using optical devices.
Hypothesis: astronomers and biologists both use optical instruments to make scientific discoveries
Supporting facts: sent1: a microscope is a kind of optical tools for observing small things sent2: a microscope is used to see small things by making them appear bigger sent3: biologists study small things such as cells sent4: a telescope is a kind of optical instrument for observing celestial objects sent5: tool means instrument sent6: making scientific discoveries requires observing sent7: astronomers study celestial objects sent8: a telescope is used for observing celestial objects by astronomers
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] astronomers study celestial objects [AND] a telescope is used for observing celestial objects by astronomers [INFER] int1: astronomers use telescopes to observe celestial objects [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a telescope is a kind of optical instrument for observing celestial objects [INFER] int2: astronomers use optical instruments to observe celestial objects [BECAUSE] a microscope is used to see small things by making them appear bigger [AND] biologists study small things such as cells [INFER] int3: biologists use micropscopes to see small things [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] a microscope is a kind of optical tools for observing small things [INFER] int4: biologists use optical tools to observe small things [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] tool means instrument [INFER] int5: biologiests use optical instruments to observe small things [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] int5 [INFER] int6: astronomers and biologists both use optical instruments to make observations [BECAUSE] int6 [AND] making scientific discoveries requires observing [INFER] int7: astronomers and biologists both use optical instruments to make scientific discoveries
Question: Which of the following describes a reason why companies irradiate some fruits and vegetables before they are sold to the public?
Answer: to extend the shelf life by killing existing microorganisms
Hypothesis: companies irradiate some fruit and vegetables to extend the shelf life of that food
Supporting facts: sent1: killing microorganisms in food can be used to extend the shelf life of that food sent2: companies irradiate some fruits and vegetables sent3: irradiating food can be used to kill existing microorganisms in the food
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] companies irradiate some fruits and vegetables [AND] irradiating food can be used to kill existing microorganisms in the food [INFER] int1: companies irradiate some fruits and vegetables to kill existing microorganisms in the food [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] killing microorganisms in food can be used to extend the shelf life of that food [INFER] int2: companies irradiate some fruit and vegetables to extend the shelf life of that food
Question: Which of the following best describes an advantage of using a mass production manufacturing system instead of a custom manufacturing system?
Answer: Products can be made at a lower cost.
Hypothesis: a mass production has  a positive impact on manufacturing by making products at a low cost
Supporting facts: sent1: cheap means low in cost sent2: making products for cheaper has a positive impact on manufacturing sent3: a mass production manufacturing system makes products more cheaply than a custom manufacturing system
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] making products for cheaper has a positive impact on manufacturing [AND] a mass production manufacturing system makes products more cheaply than a custom manufacturing system [INFER] int1: a mass production has a positve impact on manufacturing by making products for cheaper [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] cheap means low in cost [INFER] int2: a mass production has  a positive impact on manufacturing by making products at a low cost
Question: Changes in the weather are important to people living in Alaska. Which two tools best help scientists to share information about weather?
Answer: radio and computer
Hypothesis: radios and computers increase the sharing of weather report
Supporting facts: sent1: something that is used for communication increases communication sent2: a weather report is a kind of information sent3: a radio is used for communication sent4: communication is used to share information sent5: a computer is used for communication / finding information
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] something that is used for communication increases communication [AND] a radio is used for communication [AND] a computer is used for communication / finding information [INFER] int1: a computer and a radio increase communication [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] communication is used to share information [INFER] int2: radios and computers increase the sharing of information [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] a weather report is a kind of information [INFER] int3: radios and computers increase the sharing of weather report
Question: Which of the following identifies the primary function of a radio station tower in a communication system?
Answer: transmitter
Hypothesis: radio station is a radio transmitter
Supporting facts: sent1: radio transmitter emits radio waves sent2: radio station broadcasting is a source of radio waves sent3: a source of something emits that something
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] radio station broadcasting is a source of radio waves [AND] a source of something emits that something [INFER] int1: radio station broadcasting emits radio waves [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] radio transmitter emits radio waves [INFER] int2: radio station is a radio transmitter
Question: An engineer constructs a prototype from wood. Which of the following is the best tool for the engineer to use to make the prototype's surface smooth?
Answer: sandpaper
Hypothesis: the engineer can use sandpaper to smooth the surface of the wooden prototype
Supporting facts: sent1: an engineer constructs a prototype from wood sent2: the engineer needs a tool to smooth the surface of the wooden prototype sent3: sandpaper is used to smooth the surface objects sent4: a prototype is a kind of object sent5: sandpaper is a kind of tool for smoothing objects
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] sandpaper is used to smooth the surface objects [AND] sandpaper is a kind of tool for smoothing objects [INFER] int1: sandpaper is a tool for smoothing the surface objects [BECAUSE] an engineer constructs a prototype from wood [AND] a prototype is a kind of object [INFER] int2: the wooden prototype is a kind of object [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: sandpaper can be used to smooth the surface of the wooden prototype [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] the engineer needs a tool to smooth the surface of the wooden prototype [INFER] int4: the engineer can use sandpaper to smooth the surface of the wooden prototype
Question: Which of the following tools is most useful for tightening a small mechanical fastener?
Answer: pliers
Hypothesis: pliers can be used to tighten a mechanical fastener
Supporting facts: sent1: pliers are made of two levers for gripping sent2: pliers are a kind of hand tool sent3: a gripping force can be used to tighten a mechanical fastener sent4: gripping produces gripping force
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] pliers are made of two levers for gripping [AND] pliers are a kind of hand tool [INFER] int1: pliers are a tool made of two levers for gripping [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] gripping produces gripping force [INFER] int2: pliers are a tool that can produce gripping force [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] a gripping force can be used to tighten a mechanical fastener [INFER] int3: pliers can be used to tighten a mechanical fastener
Question: A company is designing a new laptop computer. The computer must not exceed a certain weight. Which of the following is the most likely reason to have a weight restriction for the computer?
Answer: to make it easier to transport the computer
Hypothesis: if the computer is low in weight, then the computer can be transported easily
Supporting facts: sent1: a computer is a kind of object sent2: as the weight of an object decreases , the object will be transported more easily sent3: computers are usually designed with weight restriction sent4: a restriction can be used to limit something / keep something low
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] computers are usually designed with weight restriction [AND] a restriction can be used to limit something / keep something low [INFER] int1: a weight restriction on computers can keep the weight of the computer low [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a computer is a kind of object [AND] as the weight of an object decreases , the object will be transported more easily [INFER] int2: if the computer is low in weight, then the computer can be transported easily
Question: Early scientists most likely saw a discharge of electricity for the first time when observing a
Answer: lightning storm
Hypothesis: scientists make observations on electrical discharge in the form of lightning
Supporting facts: sent1: scientists make observations sent2: lightning is a kind of weather phenomenon sent3: lightning is a kind of electrical discharge sent4: weather phenomenon can be observed
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] scientists make observations [AND] lightning is a kind of weather phenomenon [AND] weather phenomenon can be observed [INFER] int1: scientists make observations on lightning [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] lightning is a kind of electrical discharge [INFER] int2: scientists make observations on electrical discharge in the form of lightning
Question: When Isaac Newton theorized that gravity caused objects to fall to the ground, he had also discovered the force that causes
Answer: the planets to orbit the Sun.
Hypothesis: isaac newton discovered that gravity causes the planets in the solar system to orbit the sun
Supporting facts: sent1: the sun is a kind of star sent2: planets in the solar system orbit the sun sent3: planets orbit stars sent4: isaac newton discovered the theory of gravity sent5: gravity causes orbits
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] planets orbit stars [AND] gravity causes orbits [INFER] int1: gravity causes planets to orbit stars [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] the sun is a kind of star [AND] planets in the solar system orbit the sun [INFER] int2: gravity causes the planets in solar system to orbit the sun [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] isaac newton discovered the theory of gravity [INFER] int3: isaac newton discovered that gravity causes the planets in the solar system to orbit the sun
Question: How has the invention of the personal computer helped people the most?
Answer: by increasing communication
Hypothesis: a computer can increase communication
Supporting facts: sent1: something that is used for communication increases communication sent2: a computer is used for communication / finding information
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] something that is used for communication increases communication [AND] a computer is used for communication / finding information [INFER] int1: a computer can increase communication
Question: Which of these is a negative effect associated with some types of new technology?
Answer: decreased physical activity
Hypothesis: some types of new technology cause a negative impact on a human's health
Supporting facts: sent1: exercise is a kind of physical activity sent2: decreasing something positive has a negative impact on a thing sent3: some types of new technology cause physical activity to decrease sent4: exercise has a positive impact on a human 's health
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] exercise is a kind of physical activity [AND] some types of new technology cause physical activity to decrease [INFER] int1: some types of new technology cause exercise to decrease [BECAUSE] decreasing something positive has a negative impact on a thing [AND] exercise has a positive impact on a human 's health [INFER] int2: decreasing exercise has a negative impact on a human's health [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: some types of new technology cause a negative impact on a human's health
Question: Louis Pasteur discovered that the bacteria in a substance can be killed by heating the substance for a short period of time. Which of these practices benefited most from Pasteur's discovery?
Answer: storing foods for longer periods of time
Hypothesis: heating food for a short time can help store foods for longer
Supporting facts: sent1: food is a kind of substance sent2: if the bacteria in food are killed , then the food will be stored longer sent3: louis pasteur discovered that heating the substance for a short time can kill the bacteria inside
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] food is a kind of substance [AND] louis pasteur discovered that heating the substance for a short time can kill the bacteria inside [INFER] int1: heating food for a short time can kill the bacteria inside [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] if the bacteria in food are killed , then the food will be stored longer [INFER] int2: heating food for a short time can help store foods for longer
Question: Improvements in farming technology would most likely
Answer: increase the amount of food produced.
Hypothesis: the food produced by farming will increase
Supporting facts: sent1: farming technology is improved sent2: farming produces food sent3: farming is a kind of process sent4: farming technology is used on farming sent5: if technology used for a process is improved then the product produced by that process will increase
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] farming produces food [AND] farming is a kind of process [INFER] int1: farming is a process of producing food [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] farming technology is used on farming [INFER] int2: farming technology is used on the process of producing food [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] if technology used for a process is improved then the product produced by that process will increase [INFER] int3: if farming technology is improved then the food produced by farming will increase [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] farming technology is improved [INFER] int4: the food produced by farming will increase
Question: Modern technology has had some positive and negative effects on society. Which would be a negative effect of advances in technology?
Answer: human jobs replaced by more efficient machines
Hypothesis: advances in technology decreasing human jobs by more efficient machines has a negative impact on human
Supporting facts: sent1: replacing something decreases that something sent2: having a job has a positive impact on a human sent3: advances in technology sometimes cause human jobs to be replaced by more efficient machines sent4: decreasing something positive has a negative impact on a thing
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] replacing something decreases that something [AND] advances in technology sometimes cause human jobs to be replaced by more efficient machines [INFER] int1: advances in technology decrease human jobs by replacing them with efficient machines [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] having a job has a positive impact on a human [AND] decreasing something positive has a negative impact on a thing [INFER] int2: advances in technology decreasing human jobs by more efficient machines has a negative impact on human
Question: Which item is used for protection from chemical splashing?
Answer: safety goggles
Hypothesis: safety goggles can be used for protecting the eyes from chemical splashing
Supporting facts: sent1: chemical splashing can cause harm to humans / to the eyes sent2: chemical splashing sometimes occurs during experiments sent3: safety goggles are used for protecting the eyes during experiments
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] chemical splashing can cause harm to humans / to the eyes [AND] chemical splashing sometimes occurs during experiments [INFER] int1: chemical splashing during experiments can cause harm to the eyes [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] safety goggles are used for protecting the eyes during experiments [INFER] int2: safety goggles can be used for protecting the eyes from chemical splashing
Question: What safety rule is most important for students to follow when working with acids and bases?
Answer: put on safety goggles
Hypothesis: safety goggles can be used to protect students' eyes from acids and bases
Supporting facts: sent1: safety goggles are used for protecting the eyes during experiments sent2: students have to work with acids and bases for experiments sent3: corrosive substance can cause harm to the eyes sent4: acids are corrosive sent5: a base is corrosive
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] corrosive substance can cause harm to the eyes [AND] acids are corrosive [AND] a base is corrosive [INFER] int1: acids and bases can cause harm to the eyes [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] students have to work with acids and bases for experiments [INFER] int2: acids and bases may cause harm to students' eyes during experiments [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] safety goggles are used for protecting the eyes during experiments [INFER] int3: safety goggles can be used to protect students' eyes from acids and bases
Question: Which graph is best to present data collected on yearly water usage in the United States?
Answer: line graph
Hypothesis: a line graph can be used to show yearly water usage in the usa
Supporting facts: sent1: yearly water usage in the usa is collected and needed to be presented sent2: yearly means every year sent3: a line graph is used for showing change / data over time sent4: water usage is a kind of data
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] yearly water usage in the usa is collected and needed to be presented [AND] yearly means every year [AND] water usage is a kind of data [INFER] int1: yearly water usage in the usa is a kind of data over time [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a line graph is used for showing change / data over time [INFER] int2: a line graph can be used to show yearly water usage in the usa