ariesutiono/entailment-bank-v3 huggingface dataset:
Question: On February 21, a student observes that the Moon cannot be seen in the clear night sky. On what date will the student not be able to see the Moon again in the clear night sky?
Answer: March 21
Hypothesis: the next new moon will occur on march 21
Supporting facts: sent1: a new moon is a kind of phase of the moon sent2: a student cannot observe the moon in the clear night sky on feburary 21 sent3: a moon phase occurs 28 days after the last time it occurred sent4: the new moon is when the dark half of the moon faces the earth sent5: the dark half of the moon is not visible sent6: 28 days after feburary 21 is march 21
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the new moon is when the dark half of the moon faces the earth [AND] the dark half of the moon is not visible [INFER] int1: new moon is when the moon cannot be seen [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a new moon is a kind of phase of the moon [AND] a student cannot observe the moon in the clear night sky on feburary 21 [INFER] int2: the student observes a new moon phase on feburary 21 [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] a moon phase occurs 28 days after the last time it occurred [INFER] int3: the next new moon will occur 28 days after feburary 21 [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] 28 days after feburary 21 is march 21 [INFER] int4: the next new moon will occur on march 21
Question: Which term describes Earth's orbit around the Sun?
Answer: revolution
Hypothesis: revolution can be used to describe the earth revolving around the sun
Supporting facts: sent1: the earth revolves around the sun sent2: a revolution occurs when something revolves around something else
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the earth revolves around the sun [AND] a revolution occurs when something revolves around something else [INFER] int1: revolution can be used to describe the earth revolving around the sun
Question: Why do planets stay in orbit around the Sun?
Answer: attraction of gravity
Hypothesis: gravity causes the planets in the solar system to orbit the sun
Supporting facts: sent1: gravity causes orbits sent2: planets in the solar system orbit the sun
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] gravity causes orbits [AND] planets in the solar system orbit the sun [INFER] int1: gravity causes the planets in the solar system to orbit the sun
Question: What keeps Mars in orbit around the Sun?
Answer: gravity
Hypothesis: gravity causes mars to orbit around the sun
Supporting facts: sent1: gravity causes orbits sent2: mars is a kind of planet sent3: planets in the solar system orbit the sun sent4: mars is located in the solar system
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] gravity causes orbits [AND] planets in the solar system orbit the sun [INFER] int1: gravity causes the planets in the solar system to orbit the sun [BECAUSE] mars is a kind of planet [AND] mars is located in the solar system [INFER] int2: mars is a planet in the solar system [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: gravity causes mars to orbit around the sun
Question: Which characteristic is shared by Earth and the Moon?
Answer: an orbit created by the force of gravity
Hypothesis: gravity causes both the orbit of the earth around the sun and the orbit of the moon around the earth
Supporting facts: sent1: gravity causes orbits sent2: the earth revolves around the sun sent3: the moon orbits the earth
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] gravity causes orbits [AND] the earth revolves around the sun [INFER] int1: gravity causes the earth to revolve around the sun [BECAUSE] gravity causes orbits [AND] the moon orbits the earth [INFER] int2: gravity causes the moon to orbit the earth [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: gravity causes both the orbit of the earth around the sun and the orbit of the moon around the earth
Question: Which force keeps the planets in their orbits around the Sun?
Answer: gravity
Hypothesis: gravity causes planets in the solar system to orbit the sun
Supporting facts: sent1: gravity causes orbits sent2: planets in the solar system orbit the sun
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] gravity causes orbits [AND] planets in the solar system orbit the sun [INFER] int1: gravity causes planets in the solar system to orbit the sun
Question: Which of the following keeps the planets in our solar system in orbit around the Sun?
Answer: gravitational force
Hypothesis: gravity causes planets in the solar system to orbit the sun
Supporting facts: sent1: planets in the solar system orbit the sun sent2: gravity causes orbits
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] planets in the solar system orbit the sun [AND] gravity causes orbits [INFER] int1: gravity causes planets in the solar system to orbit the sun
Question: Planets remain in orbit around the Sun because of
Answer: gravity.
Hypothesis: gravity causes planets in the solar system to orbit the sun
Supporting facts: sent1: planets in the solar system orbit the sun sent2: gravity causes orbits
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] planets in the solar system orbit the sun [AND] gravity causes orbits [INFER] int1: gravity causes planets in the solar system to orbit the sun
Question: Which of the following helps keep the Moon in its orbit?
Answer: gravity
Hypothesis: gravity causes the moon to orbit around the earth
Supporting facts: sent1: gravity causes orbits sent2: the moon orbits the earth
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] gravity causes orbits [AND] the moon orbits the earth [INFER] int1: gravity causes the moon to orbit around the earth
Question: Which of the following allows the planets to stay in orbit?
Answer: the Sun's gravity
Hypothesis: gravity causes the planets in the solar system to orbit the sun
Supporting facts: sent1: planets in the solar system orbit the sun sent2: gravity causes orbits
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] planets in the solar system orbit the sun [AND] gravity causes orbits [INFER] int1: gravity causes the planets in the solar system to orbit the sun
Question: Which best describes the orbit of the Moon around Earth?
Answer: elliptical with a period of about one month
Hypothesis: the moon orbits the earth in an elliptical orbit once per month
Supporting facts: sent1: the moon orbiting the earth occurs once per month sent2: the moon 's orbit is elliptical
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the moon orbiting the earth occurs once per month [AND] the moon 's orbit is elliptical [INFER] int1: the moon orbits the earth in an elliptical orbit once per month
Question: When studying planetary data, Jackie found some similarities and differences among the planets that make up the solar system. Which generalization is true about the orbits of the major planets in the solar system?
Answer: Planetary orbits are mostly elliptical in shape.
Hypothesis: planets in the solar system orbit the sun in an elliptical orbit
Supporting facts: sent1: planetary orbits are mostly elliptical sent2: planets in the solar system orbit the sun
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] planetary orbits are mostly elliptical [AND] planets in the solar system orbit the sun [INFER] int1: planets in the solar system orbit the sun in an elliptical orbit
Question: The sun is a star of average size and brightness. From Earth, the sun appears as a round, yellow object in the daytime sky. At night, we see other stars. They appear as tiny points of light. Why does the sun appear larger than stars that we see at night?
Answer: The sun is closer to Earth than other stars, making the sun appear larger.
Hypothesis: the sun will appear larger than other stars because it is the closest star to earth
Supporting facts: sent1: a planet is a kind of celestial object / body sent2: as distance from an object decreases , that object will appear larger sent3: earth is a kind of planet sent4: a star is a kind of celestial object / celestial body sent5: the sun is the star that is closest to earth
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a planet is a kind of celestial object / body [AND] earth is a kind of planet [INFER] int1: earth is a kind of celestial object [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] as distance from an object decreases , that object will appear larger [AND] a star is a kind of celestial object / celestial body [INFER] int2: as the distance from a star to earth decreases, the star will appear larger [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] the sun is the star that is closest to earth [INFER] int3: the sun will appear larger than other stars because it is the closest star to earth
Question: Why is some food dehydrated for astronauts to eat in space?
Answer: to preserve the food for extended flights
Hypothesis: dehydrating food can be used for preserving food for extended flights
Supporting facts: sent1: dehydrating food is used for preserving food sent2: astronauts require preserved food for extended flights
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] dehydrating food is used for preserving food [AND] astronauts require preserved food for extended flights [INFER] int1: dehydrating food can be used for preserving food for extended flights
Question: In 1976, the Viking I Lander was sent to Mars to analyze atmospheric gases and soil samples. The Viking I Lander was most likely a
Answer: space probe.
Hypothesis: the viking i lander is a kind of space probe
Supporting facts: sent1: a space probe can orbit / land on other planets sent2: a space probe is used for collecting / analyzing materials / samples / information sent3: the viking i lander was sent to mars and analyze atmospheric gases and soil samples sent4: mars is a kind of planet
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a space probe can orbit / land on other planets [AND] mars is a kind of planet [INFER] int1: a space probe can land on mars [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a space probe is used for collecting / analyzing materials / samples / information [INFER] int2: a space probe can land on mars and collect and analyze samples [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] the viking i lander was sent to mars and analyze atmospheric gases and soil samples [INFER] int3: the viking i lander is a kind of space probe
Question: Which of these natural events occurs at time intervals that are the most regular?
Answer: high tides and low tides
Hypothesis: high tide and low tide in the tidy cycle are the natural event that occur twice per day
Supporting facts: sent1: high tide is a stage in the tide cycle process sent2: a tide is a kind of natural event sent3: low tide is a stage in the tide cycle process sent4: the tide cycle occurs regularly twice per day
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] high tide is a stage in the tide cycle process [AND] low tide is a stage in the tide cycle process [AND] the tide cycle occurs regularly twice per day [INFER] int1: high tide and low tide in the tide cycle occur twice per day [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a tide is a kind of natural event [INFER] int2: high tide and low tide in the tidy cycle are the natural event that occur twice per day
Question: What event happens in a daily cycle?
Answer: high and low tides
Hypothesis: high tide and low tide in the tide cycle occur twice per day
Supporting facts: sent1: high tide is a stage in the tide cycle process sent2: low tide is a stage in the tide cycle process sent3: the tide cycle occurs regularly twice per day
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] high tide is a stage in the tide cycle process [AND] low tide is a stage in the tide cycle process [AND] the tide cycle occurs regularly twice per day [INFER] int1: high tide and low tide in the tide cycle occur twice per day
Question: Which of the following is a cause of the ocean levels periodically rising and then falling?
Answer: the force of gravity from the Moon
Hypothesis: the gravitational pull causes the ocean levels on earth to rise and fall periodically
Supporting facts: sent1: the tide is when ocean levels periodically rise / fall sent2: the gravitational pull of the moon on earth 's oceans causes the tides
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the tide is when ocean levels periodically rise / fall [AND] the gravitational pull of the moon on earth 's oceans causes the tides [INFER] int1: the gravitational pull causes the ocean levels on earth to rise and fall periodically
Question: Which of the following is the major cause of tides?
Answer: gravitational pull of the Moon
Hypothesis: the gravitational pull causes the ocean levels on earth to rise and fall periodically
Supporting facts: sent1: the tide is when ocean levels periodically rise / fall sent2: the gravitational pull of the moon on earth 's oceans causes the tides
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the tide is when ocean levels periodically rise / fall [AND] the gravitational pull of the moon on earth 's oceans causes the tides [INFER] int1: the gravitational pull causes the ocean levels on earth to rise and fall periodically
Question: What is the most likely outcome of the Moon moving away from Earth?
Answer: Earth's tides decrease in size.
Hypothesis: the moon moving away from earth causes the height of ocean tides on earth to decrease
Supporting facts: sent1: the moon moves away from earth sent2: moving away from the source increases the distance sent3: as the gravitational pull of the moon decreases , the height of ocean tides will decrease sent4: as the distance from an object increases , the force of gravity on that object will decrease
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the moon moves away from earth [AND] moving away from the source increases the distance [INFER] int1: the moon moving away from earth increases the distance between the moon and the earth [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] as the distance from an object increases , the force of gravity on that object will decrease [INFER] int2: the moon moving away from earth causes the force of gravity of moon on earth decreases [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] as the gravitational pull of the moon decreases , the height of ocean tides will decrease [INFER] int3: the moon moving away from earth causes the height of ocean tides on earth to decrease
Question: When would the highest tides occur along the Texas coast?
Answer: during a full moon
Hypothesis: the highest tides occur during a full moon
Supporting facts: sent1: spring tides occur during a full moon sent2: spring tide is when the distance between high tide and low tide is the greatest
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] spring tides occur during a full moon [AND] spring tide is when the distance between high tide and low tide is the greatest [INFER] int1: the highest tides occur during a full moon
Question: At what time on a sunny day will the shadow of the school's flagpole be the shortest?
Answer: noon
Hypothesis: the shadow of a flagpole will be the smallest at noon
Supporting facts: sent1: the sun is located directly overhead at noon sent2: the sun is a source of light / light energy called sunlight sent3: as a source of light moves directly overhead of an object , the size of the shadow of that object will decrease sent4: a flagpole is a kind of object
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the sun is a source of light / light energy called sunlight [AND] as a source of light moves directly overhead of an object , the size of the shadow of that object will decrease [INFER] int1: when the sun moves directly overhead of an object, the size of the shadow of that object will be the smallest [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] the sun is located directly overhead at noon [INFER] int2: the shadows of an object at noon will be the smallest [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] a flagpole is a kind of object [INFER] int3: the shadow of a flagpole will be the smallest at noon
Question: Which is a quick process that can form new land near an ocean?
Answer: volcano erupting
Hypothesis: volcano eruption is a quick process to form land
Supporting facts: sent1: a volcanic eruption is a kind of quick process sent2: volcano eruption is when volcano deposits lava to the earth 's surface sent3: new land can be formed by lava cooling after an volcano eruption
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] volcano eruption is when volcano deposits lava to the earth 's surface [AND] new land can be formed by lava cooling after an volcano eruption [INFER] int1: volcano eruption can form a new land [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a volcanic eruption is a kind of quick process [INFER] int2: volcano eruption is a quick process to form land
Question: What forms both valleys and canyons?
Answer: rivers
Hypothesis: canyons and valleys are formed by flowing rivers
Supporting facts: sent1: most canyons are formed by flowing rivers sent2: a valley is formed by flowing rivers
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] most canyons are formed by flowing rivers [AND] a valley is formed by flowing rivers [INFER] int1: canyons and valleys are formed by flowing rivers
Question: Which land form is the result of the constructive force of a glacier?
Answer: piles of rocks deposited by a melting glacier
Hypothesis: piles of rocks are formed by the constructive force of glaciers
Supporting facts: sent1: sometimes piles of rocks are formed by melting glaciers depositing rocks sent2: deposition is a kind of constructive force
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] sometimes piles of rocks are formed by melting glaciers depositing rocks [AND] deposition is a kind of constructive force [INFER] int1: piles of rocks are formed by the constructive force of glaciers
Question: During a rainstorm, leaves wash down a gully on a hillside. The water slows down at the foot of the hill and fans out, depositing the leaves. What geologic structure is formed in a similar way?
Answer: a delta
Hypothesis: water depositing leaves at the foot of the hill is similar to water forming a delta
Supporting facts: sent1: water deposits the leaves at the foot of the hill and fans out sent2: a delta is formed by sediment depositing at the mouth of a river by water fanning out
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] water deposits the leaves at the foot of the hill and fans out [AND] a delta is formed by sediment depositing at the mouth of a river by water fanning out [INFER] int1: water depositing leaves at the foot of the hill is similar to water forming a delta
Question: Natural processes shape the surface of Earth. Most canyons are formed by ___.
Answer: moving water
Hypothesis: most canyons are formed by moving body of water through erosion over long periods of time
Supporting facts: sent1: a river is a kind of a moving body of water sent2: most canyons are formed by flowing rivers through erosion over long periods of time
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a river is a kind of a moving body of water [AND] most canyons are formed by flowing rivers through erosion over long periods of time [INFER] int1: most canyons are formed by moving body of water through erosion over long periods of time
Question: Moving water was the most important factor in forming which of these?
Answer: the Grand Canyon
Hypothesis: a flowing body of water is important for forming the grand canyon
Supporting facts: sent1: the grand canyon is a kind of canyon sent2: a river is a kind of flowing body of water sent3: the colorado river is a kind of river next to the grand canyon sent4: if something requires something else then that something else is important to that something sent5: the colorado river is a kind of river sent6: if something is formed by something else, then that something else is required by that something sent7: most canyons are formed by flowing rivers through erosion over long periods of time
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the grand canyon is a kind of canyon [AND] most canyons are formed by flowing rivers through erosion over long periods of time [INFER] int1: the grand canyon is formed by flowing rivers through erosion over long periods of time [BECAUSE] a river is a kind of flowing body of water [AND] the colorado river is a kind of river next to the grand canyon [INFER] int2: the colorado river is a flowing river next to the grand canyon [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int2 [INFER] int3: the grand canyon was formed by the flowing colorado river over long periods of time [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] if something is formed by something else, then that something else is required by that something [INFER] int4: forming the grand canyon requires the flowing colorado river [BECAUSE] int4 [AND] if something requires something else then that something else is important to that something [INFER] int5: the flowing colorado river is important for forming the grand canyon [BECAUSE] a river is a kind of flowing body of water [AND] the colorado river is a kind of river [INFER] int6: the colorado river is a flowing body of water [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] int6 [INFER] int7: a flowing body of water is important for forming the grand canyon
Question: A scientist finds the bones of a dinosaur. What could help the scientist determine the approximate age of the dinosaur bones?
Answer: the index fossils in the area of the bones
Hypothesis: index fossils can be used to determine the approximate age of the fossils of the bones of dinosaurs
Supporting facts: sent1: a dinosaur is a kind of extinct animal sent2: index fossils can be used to determine the approximate age of other fossils in that area sent3: a bone is a part of some animals sent4: an example of a fossil is the bones of an extinct animal
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a dinosaur is a kind of extinct animal [AND] a bone is a part of some animals [AND] an example of a fossil is the bones of an extinct animal [INFER] int1: the bones of dinosaurs are an example of fossils [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] index fossils can be used to determine the approximate age of other fossils in that area [INFER] int2: index fossils can be used to determine the approximate age of the fossils of the bones of dinosaurs
Question: Index fossils help scientists estimate the age of a rock because index fossil species only existed for a relatively short time. What happened to the species that are now used as index fossils?
Answer: They became extinct.
Hypothesis: the species that form the index fossils are now extinct
Supporting facts: sent1: if a species existed for a relatively short time then that species is now extinct sent2: index fossils are formed from species that existed for a relatively short time
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] if a species existed for a relatively short time then that species is now extinct [AND] index fossils are formed from species that existed for a relatively short time [INFER] int1: the species that form the index fossils are now extinct
Question: Scientists dig in a dry area at the bottom of a mountain range. Fossilized shells of freshwater mussels are found in the area. Which is a likely conclusion that scientists will draw based on this evidence?
Answer: Rivers once flowed through the area.
Hypothesis: the mountain range was likely to be covered by a river
Supporting facts: sent1: if fossils of a water animal or plant are found in a place then that animal or plant used to live in that place sent2: shell is a part of a mussel sent3: a river usually contains freshwater sent4: fossils of shells of freshwater mussels are found in a mountain range sent5: a freshwater mussel is a kind of mussel sent6: a mountain range is a kind of place sent7: a freshwater mussel is a mussel lives in freshwater sent8: a mussel is a kind of water animal
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] shell is a part of a mussel [AND] a freshwater mussel is a kind of mussel [INFER] int1: shell  is a part of a freshwater mussel [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] fossils of shells of freshwater mussels are found in a mountain range [INFER] int2: fossils of freshwater mussels are found in the mountain range [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] if fossils of a water animal or plant are found in a place then that animal or plant used to live in that place [AND] a mountain range is a kind of place [AND] a mussel is a kind of water animal [INFER] int3: the freshwater mussels used to live in the place where the mountain range is located [BECAUSE] a freshwater mussel is a mussel lives in freshwater [AND] a mussel is a kind of water animal [INFER] int4: a freshwater mussel is a kind of water animal that lives in freshwater [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] int4 [INFER] int5: the mountain range used to be covered by freshwater [BECAUSE] int5 [AND] a river usually contains freshwater [INFER] int6: the mountain range was likely to be covered by a river