ariesutiono/entailment-bank-v3 huggingface dataset:
Question: Andy adds a small amount of water to sand and makes shapes with the wet sand. Which of these best describes the wet sand?
Answer: a mixture
Hypothesis: wet sand is a mixture
Supporting facts: sent1: an mixture is formed by two or more substances combined together physically sent2: wet sand is made of water and sand sent3: sand is a kind of substance sent4: water is a kind of substance
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] sand is a kind of substance [AND] water is a kind of substance [INFER] int1: water and sand are two substances [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] an mixture is formed by two or more substances combined together physically [AND] wet sand is made of water and sand [INFER] int2: wet sand is a mixture
Question: Which tool would best separate sand and clay mixed in soil?
Answer: sifter
Hypothesis: a sifter can be used to separate sand and clay in the soil
Supporting facts: sent1: sand is a kind of solid sent2: clay is a kind of solid sent3: a sifter can be used for separating a mixture of different sized solids sent4: sand particles are bigger in size than clay particles
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] sand is a kind of solid [AND] clay is a kind of solid [INFER] int1: a mixture of clay and sand is a kind of solid mixture [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] sand particles are bigger in size than clay particles [INFER] int2: sand and clay is a solid mixture of different sized particles [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] a sifter can be used for separating a mixture of different sized solids [INFER] int3: a sifter can be used to separate sand and clay in the soil
Question: Which of these objects will most likely float in water?
Answer: table tennis ball
Hypothesis: a tennis ball will float in water
Supporting facts: sent1: something that is buoyant floats in water sent2: something that contains gas is usually buoyant sent3: an tennis ball contains gas
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] something that contains gas is usually buoyant [AND] an tennis ball contains gas [INFER] int1: a tennis ball is buoyant [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] something that is buoyant floats in water [INFER] int2: a tennis ball will float in water
Question: Which skill is a scientist using when sorting rocks into two groups based on physical appearance?
Answer: classifying
Hypothesis: grouping rocks by their appearance is an example of classifying
Supporting facts: sent1: classifying means grouping objects by their properties sent2: a rock is a kind of object sent3: appearance is a kind of physical property
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] appearance is a kind of physical property [AND] appearance is a kind of physical property [INFER] int1: appearance is a physical property of objects [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a rock is a kind of object [INFER] int2: appearance is a physical property of rocks [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] classifying means grouping objects by their properties [INFER] int3: grouping rocks by their appearance is an example of classifying
Question: A student observes a substance that is highly reflective and able to conduct electricity. The substance also has a high melting point. Which is the most likely classification for this substance?
Answer: metal
Hypothesis: the substance is metal
Supporting facts: sent1: metals usually have higher melting points than nonmetals sent2: metals are reflective in opacity sent3: metal is an electrical conductor sent4: a substance is highly reflective, able to conduct electricity, and have high melting points
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] metals usually have higher melting points than nonmetals [AND] metals are reflective in opacity [AND] metal is an electrical conductor [INFER] int1: metals are reflective, electrical conductive, and have high melting points [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a substance is highly reflective, able to conduct electricity, and have high melting points [INFER] int2: the substance is metal
Question: Which property of an object determines how well it conducts electricity?
Answer: the material that the object is made of
Hypothesis: the conductivity of an object depends on the conductivity of its materials
Supporting facts: sent1: objects are made of materials sent2: if an object is made of a material then that object has the properties of that material sent3: conductivity is a property of a material
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] objects are made of materials [AND] if an object is made of a material then that object has the properties of that material [INFER] int1: objects will have the properties of the its materials [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] conductivity is a property of a material [INFER] int2: the conductivity of an object depends on the conductivity of its materials
Question: Which object will conduct electricity, conduct heat, and be attracted to a magnet?
Answer: iron nail
Hypothesis: iron nail can conduct electricity and heat and is magnetic
Supporting facts: sent1: metal is an electrical conductor sent2: metal is a thermal conductor sent3: iron is always magnetic sent4: iron is a kind of metal sent5: iron nails are made of iron
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] metal is an electrical conductor [AND] metal is a thermal conductor [INFER] int1: metal can conduct electricity and heat [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] iron is a kind of metal [INFER] int2: iron can conduct electricity and heat [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] iron is always magnetic [INFER] int3: iron can conduct electricity and heat and is magnetic [BECAUSE] int3 [AND] iron nails are made of iron [INFER] int4: iron nail can conduct electricity and heat and is magnetic
Question: Which of these is MOST flexible?
Answer: Drinking straw
Hypothesis: a drinking straw is flexible
Supporting facts: sent1: drinking straws are usually made of plastic sent2: plastic is flexible
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] drinking straws are usually made of plastic [AND] plastic is flexible [INFER] int1: a drinking straw is flexible
Question: Flexibility is a physical property of some matter. Which of these materials best demonstrates the property of flexibility?
Answer: a metal wire
Hypothesis: a metal wire is flexible
Supporting facts: sent1: metal is flexible sent2: a wire is usually made of metal
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] metal is flexible [AND] a wire is usually made of metal [INFER] int1: a metal wire is flexible
Question: Diamonds are sometimes used as the tips of drill bits. Which physical property of a diamond MOST likely makes it a good cutting tool?
Answer: its hardness
Hypothesis: a drill can use diamond for cutting
Supporting facts: sent1: diamond is a hard material sent2: a drill is a kind of tool for cutting holes sent3: cutting requires rigid tools
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a drill is a kind of tool for cutting holes [AND] cutting requires rigid tools [INFER] int1: a drill requires a rigid material for cutting [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] diamond is a hard material [INFER] int2: a drill can use diamond for cutting
Question: Which object most likely has magnetic properties?
Answer: iron nail
Hypothesis: iron nails are magnetic
Supporting facts: sent1: iron is always magnetic sent2: iron nails are made of iron
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] iron is always magnetic [AND] iron nails are made of iron [INFER] int1: iron nails are magnetic
Question: A teacher carefully places some objects into very hot water. After one minute, which item is most likely too hot to touch?
Answer: a metal spoon
Hypothesis: the metal spoon will get hot
Supporting facts: sent1: a metal spoon is put into a very hot water sent2: a hot substance is a source of heat sent3: if a thermal conductor is exposed to a source of heat then that conductor may become hot sent4: a spoon sometimes is made of metal sent5: metal is a thermal conductor
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a metal spoon is put into a very hot water [AND] a hot substance is a source of heat [INFER] int1: the metal spoon is exposed to a source of heat [BECAUSE] a spoon sometimes is made of metal [AND] metal is a thermal conductor [INFER] int2: a metal spoon is a thermal conductor [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] if a thermal conductor is exposed to a source of heat then that conductor may become hot [INFER] int3: if a metal spoon is exposed to a source of heat, then the metal spoon will become hot [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int3 [INFER] int4: the metal spoon will get hot
Question: Sara tums on a flashlight and holds an object up to the light. How will she be able to tell if the object is opaque?
Answer: No light will shine through.
Hypothesis: the object is opaque
Supporting facts: sent1: opacity is a property of an object and includes ordered values of opaque / translucent / transparent sent2: if an object is opaque , then light will not shine through that object sent3: the light cannot shine through an object
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] opacity is a property of an object and includes ordered values of opaque / translucent / transparent [AND] if an object is opaque , then light will not shine through that object [INFER] int1: no light shines through an opaque object [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] the light cannot shine through an object [INFER] int2: the object is opaque
Question: A group of students is investigating two substances to determine which is table salt and which is table sugar. How would the students best identify each substance?
Answer: by examining the shape of the crystal
Hypothesis: the shape of salt crystals and sugar crystals can be used to identify the salt and sugar
Supporting facts: sent1: the shape of the crystal of a substance can be used for identifying the substance sent2: sugar crystal is hexagonal prism in shape sent3: salt crystal is six-sided cube in shape
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] sugar crystal is hexagonal prism in shape [AND] salt crystal is six-sided cube in shape [INFER] int1: salt crystals and sugar crystals have different shape [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] the shape of the crystal of a substance can be used for identifying the substance [INFER] int2: the shape of salt crystals and sugar crystals can be used to identify the salt and sugar
Question: A student reaches into a bag of objects. Which property of the objects can be observed by using only the sense of touch?
Answer: texture
Hypothesis: touch is a kind of sense that can be used to observe the texture of objects
Supporting facts: sent1: touch can be used for detecting texture sent2: texture is a property of objects and includes ordered values of smooth to rough sent3: touch is a kind of sense
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] touch can be used for detecting texture [AND] texture is a property of objects and includes ordered values of smooth to rough [INFER] int1: touch can be used to observe the texture of objects [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] touch is a kind of sense [INFER] int2: touch is a kind of sense that can be used to observe the texture of objects
Question: Which word best describes the physical state of an ice cube?
Answer: solid
Hypothesis: an ice cube is solid in its physical state
Supporting facts: sent1: solid is a kind of state of matter sent2: an ice cube is a kind of solid
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] solid is a kind of state of matter [AND] an ice cube is a kind of solid [INFER] int1: an ice cube is solid in its physical state
Question: A substance in the solid phase (state) of matter has
Answer: a definite shape and a definite volume
Hypothesis: matter in solid phase has definite shape and volume
Supporting facts: sent1: matter in the solid phase has definite shape sent2: matter in the solid phase has definite volume
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] matter in the solid phase has definite shape [AND] matter in the solid phase has definite volume [INFER] int1: matter in solid phase has definite shape and volume
Question: A grocery company found a way to keep fresh foods from spoiling when transporting them long distances. How might this new technology help people in Hawaii?
Answer: by increasing the types of food available in stores
Hypothesis: if the transportation technology for food increases, then the avilable types of food in hawaii will increase
Supporting facts: sent1: as ability to transport food increases around the world , the available types of food in distant locations will increase sent2: the ability to preserve food and tranport food is part of the transportation technology for food sent3: hawaii is located far from the united states mainland sent4: as ability to preserve food increases , the ability to transport food increases
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] as ability to transport food increases around the world , the available types of food in distant locations will increase [AND] as ability to preserve food increases , the ability to transport food increases [INFER] int1: if the ability to preserve food and to transport food increases, then the available types of food in distant locations will increase [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] the ability to preserve food and tranport food is part of the transportation technology for food [INFER] int2: if the transportation technology for food increases, then the avilable types of food in distant locations will increase [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] hawaii is located far from the united states mainland [INFER] int3: if the transportation technology for food increases, then the avilable types of food in hawaii will increase
Question: In the construction of a house, the words excavation, slab, and footing are associated with the
Answer: foundation.
Hypothesis: excavation, slab, footing are words related to the foundation in construction
Supporting facts: sent1: slab is a kind of foundation in construction sent2: footing is used for supporting the foundation of a building sent3: in the construction of a building excavation has the role of hollowing out the ground for the foundation
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] slab is a kind of foundation in construction [AND] footing is used for supporting the foundation of a building [AND] in the construction of a building excavation has the role of hollowing out the ground for the foundation [INFER] int1: excavation, slab, footing are words related to the foundation in construction
Question: Which tool would be best to use to record the types of trees found along a riverbank?
Answer: camera
Hypothesis: a camera can be used to record images of the tree for observation
Supporting facts: sent1: a camera is used for recording images sent2: a tree is a kind of plant sent3: an example of observing things is taking a picture sent4: taking pictures is similar to recording images
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] a tree is a kind of plant [AND] an example of observing things is taking a picture [INFER] int1: taking a picture of the tree can be used to observe the tree [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] taking pictures is similar to recording images [INFER] int2: recording images of the tree can be used to observe the tree [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] a camera is used for recording images [INFER] int3: a camera can be used to record images of the tree for observation
Question: Which type of graph would best display the changes in temperature over a 24 hour period?
Answer: line graph
Hypothesis: a line graph can be used to show the changes in temperature over a period of time
Supporting facts: sent1: the changes in temperature over a period of 24 hours need to be shown in a graph sent2: hours hr are a metric unit used for measuring time generally used for values between 025 and 72 sent3: a line graph is used for showing change / data over time
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] the changes in temperature over a period of 24 hours need to be shown in a graph [AND] hours hr are a metric unit used for measuring time generally used for values between 025 and 72 [INFER] int1: the changes in temperature over a period of time need to be shown in a graph [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] a line graph is used for showing change / data over time [INFER] int2: a line graph can be used to show the changes in temperature over a period of time
Question: During an investigation, heat transferred from a liquid to the environment. Which pair of explanations can best account for this result?
Answer: The temperature of the liquid decreased, or the liquid became a solid.
Hypothesis: if heat of a liquid is transferred to the environment, then the temperature of the liquid will decrease and the liquid may freeze
Supporting facts: sent1: temperature is a measure of heat energy sent2: as heat is transferred from something to something else , the temperature of that something will decrease sent3: freezing means a substance changes from a liquid into a solid by decreasing heat energy sent4: heat transferred from a liquid to the environment
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] as heat is transferred from something to something else , the temperature of that something will decrease [AND] heat transferred from a liquid to the environment [INFER] int1: the temperature of the liquid will decrease [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] temperature is a measure of heat energy [INFER] int2: the heat energy of the liquid will decrease [BECAUSE] int2 [AND] freezing means a substance changes from a liquid into a solid by decreasing heat energy [INFER] int3: the liquid may freeze if the heat energy of the liquid is decreasing [BECAUSE] int1 [AND] int3 [INFER] int4: if heat of a liquid is transferred to the environment, then the temperature of the liquid will decrease and the liquid may freeze
Question: Scientists go to a lake once a month to take samples of water. They are most likely studying the
Answer: quality of the water.
Hypothesis: scientists are studying the quality of the water in the lake
Supporting facts: sent1: scientists go to a lake once a month to take samples of water sent2: taking samples of water is used for studying the quality of water
Reasoning: [BECAUSE] scientists go to a lake once a month to take samples of water [AND] taking samples of water is used for studying the quality of water [INFER] int1: scientists are studying the quality of the water in the lake