Patient case: 50-year-old male with non-small cell lung cancer; genetic feature: EGFR (T790M)

Clinical trial: A Phase 2 Study of Osimertinib in Combination With Selumetinib in EGFR Inhibitor naïve Advanced EGFR Mutant Lung Cancer

Summary: This research study is studying a combination of two targeted therapies as a possible treatment for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) with an EGFR mutation.
  The drugs involved in this study are:
  -  Osimertinib (Tagrisso)
  -  Selumetinib

Detailed description: This research study is a Phase II clinical trial. Phase II clinical trials test the safety and effectiveness of an investigational drug to learn whether the drugs work in treating a specific disease. "Investigational" means that the drugs are being studied.
  The EGFR gene produces a protein that helps cells divide. Specific changes or a mutation in the genetic information causes abnormal cell division and can lead to lung cancer. Patients who have NSCLC with an EGFR gene mutation can be treated by drugs called EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR TKIs). They may stop (or "inhibit") the effect of the mutation in the EGFR gene.
  Osimertinib alone has been shown to benefit some patients who have received prior treatment for their EGFR-mutant NSCLC. The FDA (the U.S. Food and Drug Administration) has not approved the combination of Osimertinib and Selumetinib as a treatment for any disease, but it has been investigated in other clinical trials.
  The main purpose of the study is to look at information on any potential side effects that this drug combination may cause and collect data about how your cancer responds to the combination of drugs.
  Specific TKIs have been approved by the FDA for first-line treatment of NSCLC patients with an EGFR mutation.

Eligibility: Inclusion Criteria:
  -  Participants must have histologically confirmed stage IV NSCLC (per AJCC 7th edition) from time of diagnosis with either the L858R or exon 19 deletion activating EGFR mutation as identified in a CLIA-approved laboratory.
  -  Participants must have measurable disease, defined as at least one lesion that can be accurately measured in at least one dimension (longest diameter to be recorded for non-nodal lesions and short axis for nodal lesions) as ≥20 mm with conventional techniques or as ≥10 mm with spiral CT scan, MRI, or calipers by clinical exam.
  -  Participants can have no prior history of any EGFR-directed therapy, including TKIs or antibodies, and must also be chemotherapy and immunotherapy naïve for metastatic disease. Patients who have completed adjuvant or neo-adjuvant chemotherapy > 6 months ago are considered treatment naïve
  -  Participants must be aged ≥ 18 years
  -  Participants must have an ECOG performance status of 0-1 (Appendix A)
  -  Participants must have normal organ and marrow function as defined below:
  -  absolute neutrophil count ≥1,500/mcL
  -  platelets ≥100,000/mcL
  -  hemoglobin >9.0 g/dL
  -  total bilirubin < 1.5 times the ULN if no liver metastases or < 3 times the ULN in the presence of documented Gilbert's syndrome (unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia) or liver metastases
  -  AST(SGOT)/ALT(SGPT) <2.5 × institutional upper limit of normal or <5 times the ULN in the presence of liver metastases
  -  creatinine ≤ 1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal OR
  -  creatinine clearance ≥50 mL/min as determined by the Cockcrft-Gault formula.
  -  Participants must have biopsy tissue at time of diagnosis available for targeted next-generation sequencing. The testing does not have to be completed prior to study enrollment. Biopsy can be performed at an outside institution as long as sufficient tissue is available.
  -  Participants must be ≥2 weeks since any major surgery (excluding vascular access placement, mediastinoscopy, or biopsies performed by an interventional service)
  -  Participants must be ≥2 weeks since any prior radiation, including CNS radiation
  -  Male patients: Willing to use adequate contraception (barrier or abstinence) while on treatment with study drug and for 3 months after finishing treatment.
  -  Female patients: Willing to use adequate contraception (barrier or abstinence) at least 2 weeks before receiving any study medication, while on treatment with study drug, and for 3 months after finishing treatment.
  -  Female patients: Must not be pregnant or breast-feeding. Women of child-bearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test prior to start of dosing or must have evidence of non-child-bearing potential by fulfilling one of the following criteria at screening:
  -  Post-menopausal defined as aged more than 50 years and amenorrheic for at least 12 months following cessation of all exogenous hormonal treatments
  -  Women under 50 years are considered postmenopausal if they have been amenorrheic for 12 months or more following cessation of exogenous hormonal treatments and with LH and FSH levels in the post-menopausal range for the institution.
  -  Documentation of irreversible surgical sterilization by hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy, or bilateral salpingectomy but not tubal ligation
  Exclusion Criteria:
  -  Prior or ongoing treatment with any of the following:
  -  EGFR targeted therapy (TKI or antibody) or any other targeted therapies targeting the ERBB family
  -  Any cytotoxic chemotherapy, investigational agents, or anticancer drugs for the treatment of advanced NSCLC
  -  Prior radiotherapy within 2 weeks of the first dose of study treatment.
  -  No uncontrolled central nervous system (CNS) disease, including parenchymal brain metastases, leptomeningeal disease, or spinal cord compression. Patients with asymptomatic untreated brain metastases are eligible. Patients with treated CNS disease will be allowed to enroll provided they have clinically confirmed stable disease with ≥2 weeks since definitive CNS therapy (radiation or surgery) and ≥2 weeks without systemic steroids. Patients may undergo either whole brain radiation or stereotactic radiosurgery prior to study entry.
  -  History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds, or any of its excipients, of similar chemical or biologic composition to osimertinib or selumetinib.
  -  Patients currently receiving and unable to stop using medications known to be potent inhibitors or inducers of CYP3A4. The full list of medications that would make a patient ineligible are provided in Appendix B, along with indicated washout times.
  -  Patients currently receiving and unable to stop high doses of supplemental vitamin E. Selumetinib capsules contain vitamin E and high doses of vitamin E have been reported to cause bleeding and interfere with blood coagulation processes.
  -  Any unresolved toxicities from prior therapy greater than Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) grade 1 at the time of starting study treatment.
  -  Malignancies within the past 3 years excluding adequately treated basal or squamous cell carcinomas of the skin without local or distant metastases.
  -  Refractory nausea and vomiting, chronic gastrointestinal diseases, previous significant bowel resection, or any process that compromises the ability to swallow or absorb oral medication
  -  Significant medical history or unstable medical comorbidities, including:
  -  heart disease including congestive heart failure (NYHA Grade II or greater); unstable angina; prior myocardial infarction (NSTEMI or STEMI) within 6 months prior to study enrollment; hypertension with a systolic blood pressure of >150 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure of >100 mm Hg while on antihypertensive medication
  -  any clinically important abnormalities in rhythm, conduction or morphology of resting ECG, e.g. complete left bundle branch block, third-degree heart block, second-degree heart block, QT interval corrected by Fridericia's formula (QTcF) of >/= 450 ms in males or >/= 470 ms in females
  -  any factors that increase the risk of QTc prolongation or risk of arrhythmic events such as heart failure, hypokalemia, congenital long QT syndrome, family history of long QT syndrome or unexplained sudden death under 40 years of age in first degree relatives, or any concomitant medication known to the prolong the QT interval and listed in Appendix B that a patient is unable to stop.
  -  past medical history of interstitial lung disease, drug-induced interstitial lung disease, radiation pneumonitis which required steroid treatment, or any evidence of clinically active interstitial lung disease
  -  active bleeding diatheses, which in the investigator's opinion makes it undesirable for the patient to participate in the trial or which would jeopardize compliance with the protocol
  -  active infection or ongoing antiviral medication for viral infections including hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Screening for chronic conditions is not required. HIV-positive participants on combination antiretroviral therapy are ineligible because of the potential for pharmacokinetic interactions with selumetinib or osimertinib.
  -  left ventricular ejection fraction of < 45%
  -  Any evidence of severe or uncontrolled systemic diseases, including active bleeding diatheses, which in the investigator's opinion makes it undesirable for the patient to participate in the trial or which would jeopardize compliance with the protocol
  -  Known to be T790M+ (on pre-treatment tumor or plasma) or known germline T790M.
  -  Ophthalmological conditions as follows:
  -  Current or past history of retinal pigment epithelial detachment (RPED)/central serous retinopathy (CSR) or retinal vein occlusion
  -  Uncontrolled glaucoma (irrespective of IOP)
  -  Males and females of reproductive potential who are not using an effective method of birth control and females who are pregnant or breastfeeding or have a positive (urine or serum) pregnancy test prior to study entry.
  -  Pregnant women are excluded from this study because the effects of selumetinib and osimertinib on the development of the fetus are unknown, and there is potential for teratogenic or abortifacient effects. Because there is an unknown but potential risk for adverse events in nursing infants secondary to treatment of the mother with selumetinib or osimertinib, breastfeeding should be discontinued if the mother is treated with these agents.

Relevance to patient case: definitely relevant