Patient case: 64-year-old female with ovarian cancer; genetic feature: BRCA1

Clinical trial: Atezolizumab With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Patients With Newly-Diagnosed Advanced-Stage Ovarian Cancer

Summary: The main purpose of this study is to validate a safe dose of atezolizumab with dose-dense paclitaxel and carboplatin when utilized with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and interval cytoreductive surgery followed by maintenance atezolizumab in women with advanced ovarian cancer.

Detailed description: This is a Phase IB non-randomized, single-arm, open-label study of atezolizumab in combination with primary NACT-ICS in patients with advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer. The target population is women with previously untreated epithelial ovarian cancer (including fallopian tube and primary peritoneal cancer) with advanced stage (FIGO III-IV) disease suitable for NACT and ICS. The following regimen will be administered every 3 weeks for 3 cycles prior to ICS, then for 3 cycles following ICS:
  -  Carboplatin AUC = 5 or 6 IV, D1 of each cycle
  -  Paclitaxel 70 to 80mg/m2 IV, over one hour, on D1, 8, 15 of each cycle
  -  Atezolizumab 1200mg IV D1 of each cycle of chemotherapy and will be continued as maintenance therapy every 3 weeks until there is a lack of clinical benefit, unacceptable toxicity, or a total duration of 18 months.
  Each cycle is 21 days in duration and will be administered in the outpatient setting. Limited individualized flexibility in dose assignment (as noted) is permitted per physician discretion in regards to advanced-stage disease, nutritional status, ascites, non-physiologic creatinine measurements, and other comorbidities.
  Three cycles of NACT with atezolizumab will be administered every 3 weeks prior to ICS (occurring between cycles 3 and 4) followed by 3 additional cycles (cycles 4-6) of chemotherapy with atezolizumab. Surgery must be performed after the third course of chemotherapy as soon as nadir counts permit, but preferably within six weeks after the completion of the third chemotherapy cycle. Fourth cycle of chemotherapy is to be administered as soon as possible, but preferably no more than six weeks after ICS.
  Safety monitoring, including assessment for irAEs, will occur at each cycle and for 90 days after the last administration of atezolizumab or until start of next anti-cancer regimen, whichever occurs first. Image assessment by CT scan or MRI will be performed at baseline, prior to ICS to assess response, after completion of 6 cycles of chemotherapy with atezolizumab to assess response at end of chemotherapy treatment, and as clinically indicated during the maintenance phase and after completion of study treatment to assess PFS. Disease progression/recurrence will be defined per RECIST criteria and will not include isolated asymptomatic progression on the basis of CA125 levels. Immune function analysis will be performed on blood and tumor samples obtained at two time points: 1. confirmatory biopsy prior to start of therapy and 2. ICS.
  It is estimated that 40 patients will be enrolled at an accrual rate of 3-5 patients/month and followed for a median of 3 years.

Eligibility: Inclusion Criteria:
  -  Signed Informed Consent Form (ICF)
  -  Ability and willingness to comply with the requirements of the study protocol
  -  Age ≥ 18 years
  -  No prior treatment for primary advanced (stage III or IV) epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal carcinoma
  -  Confirmation of diagnosis (by surgical excisional/incisional biopsy or imaging-guided core biopsy), and patients for whom the plan of management will include NACT followed by ICS. The decision to proceed with NACT will be at the treating physician's discretion and include patients with advanced stage disease considered at low likelihood for optimal cytoreduction with primary debulking surgery.
  -  All patients must have measurable disease per RECIST v1.1
  Patients must meet the following criteria prior to initiation of study treatment:
  -  Histology consistent with high-grade epithelial ovarian cancer (excluding mucinous carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, and carcinosarcoma)
  -  An adequate pre-treatment tumor biopsy is required to confirm histologic diagnosis. Acceptable options include laparoscopic biopsy or image-guided core needle biopsy (minimum of two cores). Fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy or cytology from ascites is not adequate.
  -  Adequate hematologic and end organ function, defined by the following laboratory results obtained within 14 days prior to the first study treatment
  -  Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status of 0, 1 or 2 (see Appendix 6)
  -  Peripheral neuropathy less than or equal to CTCAE Grade 1
  -  For female patients of childbearing potential, agreement (by patient) to use highly effective form(s) of contraception (i.e., one that results in a low failure rate [< 1% per year] when used consistently and correctly) and to continue its use at least until ICS or if ICS is not performed then 90 days post last dose of atezolizumab
  Exclusion Criteria:
  -  Mucinous, low-grade histology, clear cell carcinoma, or carcinosarcoma
  -  Prior systemic chemotherapy for epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer.
  -  Prior invasive malignancy (except non-melanomatous skin cancer) unless disease free for a minimum of 3 years. (Exceptions include basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, or in situ cervical cancer that has undergone potentially curative therapy.)
  -  AEs from prior anticancer therapy that have not resolved to Grade ≤ 1 except for alopecia
  -  Bisphosphonate therapy for symptomatic hypercalcemia
  -  Known clinically significant liver disease, including active viral, alcoholic, or other hepatitis; cirrhosis; fatty liver; and inherited liver disease
  -  Known primary central nervous system (CNS) malignancy or symptomatic CNS metastases
  -  Pregnancy, lactation, or breastfeeding
  -  Known hypersensitivity to Chinese hamster ovary cell products or other recombinant human antibodies
  -  Inability to comply with study and follow-up procedures
  -  History or risk of autoimmune disease, including but not limited to systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, vascular thrombosis associated with antiphospholipid syndrome, Wegener's granulomatosis, Sjögren's syndrome, Bell's palsy, Guillain-Barré syndrome, multiple sclerosis, autoimmune thyroid disease, vasculitis, or glomerulonephritis
  -  History of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonitis (including drug induced), organizing pneumonia (i.e., bronchiolitis obliterans, cryptogenic organizing pneumonia, etc.), or evidence of active pneumonitis on screening chest computed tomography (CT) scan
  -  Any other diseases, metabolic dysfunction, physical examination finding, or clinical laboratory finding giving reasonable suspicion of a disease or condition that contraindicates the use of an investigational drug or that may affect the interpretation of the results or render the patient at high risk from treatment complications
  -  History of HIV infection or active hepatitis B (chronic or acute) or hepatitis C infection
  -  Active tuberculosis
  -  Severe infections within 4 weeks prior to Cycle 1, Day 1, including but not limited to hospitalization for complications of infection, bacteremia, or severe pneumonia
  -  Signs or symptoms of infection within 2 weeks prior to Cycle 1, Day 1
  -  Received oral or IV antibiotics within 2 weeks prior to Cycle 1, Day 1
  -  Administration of a live, attenuated vaccine within 4 weeks before Cycle 1, Day 1 or anticipation that such a live, attenuated vaccine will be required during the study
  -  Prior history of treatment with anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, anti-PD-L2, anti-CD137, anti-CTLA4 or any other antibodies targeting co-stimulation or checkpoint pathways
  -  Treatment with systemic immunostimulatory agents (including but not limited to interferon [IFN] alpha or interleukin [IL]-2) within 6 weeks or five half-lives of the drug (whichever is shorter) prior to Cycle 1, Day 1
  -  Treatment with investigational agent within 4 weeks prior to Cycle 1, Day 1 (or within five half lives of the investigational product, whichever is longer)
  -  Treatment with systemic immunosuppressive medications (including but not limited to prednisone, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, methotrexate, thalidomide, and anti-tumor necrosis factor [anti-TNF] agents) within 2 weeks prior to Cycle 1, Day 1
  -  History of severe allergic, anaphylactic, or other hypersensitivity reactions to chimeric or humanized antibodies or fusion proteins
  -  Patients with prior allogeneic bone marrow transplantation or prior solid organ transplantation

Relevance to patient case: definitely relevant