Patient case: 58-year-old male with gastrointestinal stromal tumor; genetic feature: KIT (exon 9 502_503 duplication)

Clinical trial: Clinical Trial to Investigate the Efficacy of Treatment With Gemcitabine/Pazopanib in Patients With Biliary Tree Cancer

Summary: The purpose of this study is to determine whether gemcitabine and pazopanib are effective in the treatment of inoperable, locally advanced or metastatic biliary tree cancer (cholangiocarcinoma or gallbladder carcinoma).

Detailed description: This is an open label, uncontrolled, multicenter, phase II study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Gemcitabine/Pazopanib combination as 1st line treatment in patients with unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic biliary tree adenocarcinoma. A total of 46 patients will be included in the study. The patients will receive open label Gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1 and 8 and Pazopanib 800 mg per os on days 1 to 21 every 21 days. Treatment with gemcitabine/pazopanib combination will continue until disease progression, appearance of significant toxicity, completion of 8 cycles or informed consent withdrawal. Upon completion of 8 treatment cycles with the combination, and in the absence of disease progression, administration of pazopanib monotherapy as maintenance treatment will be continued until disease progression, appearance of significant toxicity or informed consent withdrawal.
  Imaging assessments will be performed every 8 weeks

Eligibility: Inclusion Criteria:
  -  Subjects must provide written informed consent prior to performance of study-specific procedures or assessments,and must be willing to comply with treatment and follow up.
  -  Age ≥18 years
  -  Histologically confirmed diagnosis of inoperable,locally advanced or metastatic cholangiocarcinoma (adenocarcinoma of intrahepatic,proximal extrahepatic,distal extrahepatic,gallbladder adenocarcinoma and periampullary bile duct adenocarcinoma).
  -  Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1.
  -  Measurable disease criteria per RECIST v1.1.
  -  No prior chemotherapy or treatment with targeted therapy
  -  Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumour and whole blood/plasma samples at diagnosis/study enrollment for biomarker studies.
  -  Adequate organ system function as specified in the protocol
  -  Female patients are allowed to participate provided they consent to avoid pregnancy throughout the course of the trial and 1 month after the last administration of the drug, if they are surgically sterilized or menopausal.
  Exclusion Criteria:
  -  Prior malignancy.Subjects with a history of completely resected non-melanomatous skin carcinoma or successfully treated in situ carcinoma or indolent prostate cancer are eligible (even if they are receiving antihormonal therapy).
  -  Central nervous system (CNS) metastases at baseline, with the exception of those subjects who have previously-treated CNS metastases are asymptomatic and have no requirement for steroids or enzyme-inducing anticonvulsants in the past 6 months.
  -  Clinically significant gastrointestinal abnormalities that may increase the risk for gastrointestinal, 28 days prior to study treatment initiation.
  -  Clinically significant gastrointestinal abnormalities that may affect absorption of investigational product including malabsorption syndrome, major resection of the stomach
  -  Corrected QT interval (QTc) >480 milliseconds using Bazett's formula
  -  History of myocardial infarction, unstable angina, symptomatic peripheral vascular disease or Class II,III or IV congestive heart failure, as defined by the New York Heart Association (NYHA) or cardiac angioplasty or stenting within the past 6 months
  -  Newly-diagnosed hypertension or history of poorly controlled hypertension [defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) of ≥140 millimeters of mercury (mmHg)or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of ≥90mmHg].
  -  History of cerebrovascular accident including transient ischemic attack(TIA),pulmonary embolism or untreated deep venous thrombosis(DVT) within the past 6 months.Subjects with recent DVT who have been treated with therapeutic anti-coagulating agents for at least 6 weeks are eligible
  -  Major surgery or trauma within 28 days prior to first dose of study drug and/or presence of any non-healing wound, fracture,or ulcer (procedures such as catheter placement not considered to be major).
  -  Evidence of active bleeding or bleeding diathesis.
  -  Known endobronchial lesions and/or lesions infiltrating major pulmonary vessels that increase the risk of pulmonary hemorrhage
  -  Recent hemoptysis (≥ ½ teaspoon of red blood within 8 weeks of first dose of study drug).
  -  Any serious and/or unstable pre-existing medical,psychiatric, or other condition that could interfere with subject's safety,provision of informed consent,or compliance to study procedures.
  -  Unable or unwilling to discontinue use of prohibited medications for at least 14 days or five half-lives of a drug(whichever is longer) prior to the first dose of study drug and for the duration of the study
  -  Radiation therapy,surgery or tumor embolization within 14 days prior to the first dose of pazopanib
  -  Administration of any non-oncologic investigational study drug within 30 days or 5 half lives whichever is longer prior to receiving the first dose of study treatment.
  -  Any ongoing toxicity from prior anti-cancer therapy that is >Grade 1 and/or that is progressing in severity, except alopecia.
  -  Pregnancy or lactation.

Relevance to patient case: not relevant