Patient case: 58-year-old male with gastrointestinal stromal tumor; genetic feature: KIT (exon 9 502_503 duplication)

Clinical trial: Liquid Biopsy in Monitoring the Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Operation in Gastric Cancer

Summary: To explore the clinical value of dynamic detection of circulating tumor cells(CTCs), circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA) and cell-free DNA(cfDNA) in neoadjuvant chemotherapy and operation of resectable or locally advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer.

Detailed description: Gastric cancer(GC) is one of the common malignant tumors in world, with relatively high incident rate and mortality among the population. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is often needed before operation for locally advanced or resectable gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy should be combined with platinum and fluorouracil, or paclitaxel should be added on the basis of platinum and fluorouracil. The efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for GC patients is usually evaluated by computer tomography(CT) scans with RECIST 1.1 criteria and the blood level of carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),CA19-9 (carbohydrate antigen 19-9)and CA72-4(carbohydrate antigen 72-4) tumor markers.
  CTC originating from solid tumors are related to hematogenous metastatic spread to distant sites. Therefore, CTC analysis has clinical relevance as a biomarker to noninvasively monitor cancer progression and guide therapy.Moreover, ctDNA is a part of cfDNA derived from apoptotic, necrotic or secreted DNA fragments of tumor cells, ctDNA contains the same genetic defects as the tumor DNA of its origin, such as point mutation and rearrangement. We speculate CTC, ctDNA and cfDNA are new biomarkers for tumor, which can guide neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgical treatment for patients with locally advanced or resectable gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer.
  In this study, investigators will compare the clinical value of the dynamic detection of CTC, ctDNA and cfDNA with CEA ,CA19-9 and CA72-4 tumor markers and CT scan according the RECIST 1.1 criteria in neoadjuvant chemotherapy and operation for resectable or locally advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer. Investigators will also explore the relationship between the dynamic changes of CTC, ctDNA and cfDNA and the prognosis of patients after operation. The results will provide lots of meaningful information which may further improve the treatment of locally advanced or resectable gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer.

Eligibility: Inclusion Criteria：
  1. Patients with resectable or locally advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer(>T1 and N+) without distant metastases (M0).
  2. Pathological examination confirmed gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (adenocarcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, regardless of the degree of tissue differentiation).
  3. Ambulatory males or females, age ≥ 18 years.
  4. Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) ≥70 or ECOG(Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group) performance status: 0 or 1.
  5. Patients who can tolerate PSOX neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
  6. Planning to undergo radical gastrectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
  7. With cancer lesions that can be measured according to RECIST 1.1 criteria.
  8. No prior antitumor treatment is allowed, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immune therapy or target therapy.
  9. Adequate organ function as defined below: Hemoglobin ≥ 9 g/dl, Absolute neutrophil count(ANC） ≥ 1.5×109/L, Platelets ≥ 100*109/L, Alkaline phosphatase( ALP) ≤ 2.5×ULN,Total bilirubin（TBIL）≤ 1.5×ULN(upper limit of normal), Renal Serum Creatinine < 1.5 ULN, Serum Albumin ≥ 30g/l.
  Exclusion criteria:
  1. Female in pregnancy or lactation, or refuse to receive contraception measures during chemotherapy.
  2. With distant metastasis or peritoneal dissemination diagnosed by CT/EUS(endoscopic ultrasonography).
  3. Underwent prior antitumor treatment, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immune therapy or target therapy.
  4. Serious uncontrolled intercurrent infections or other serious uncontrolled concomitant disease or condition that would make the subject inappropriate for study participation.
  5. Clinically serious cardiac disease or pulmonary dysfunction.
  6. Refuse to provide blood/tissue sample.
  7. Other situation to be judged not adaptive to the study by investigators.

Relevance to patient case: not relevant