Patient case: 70-year-old male with non-small cell lung cancer; genetic feature: KRAS (G12C)

Clinical trial: Induction Chemoterapy With Folfoxiri Plus Cetuxumab in Unresectable Colorectal Cancer Patient

Summary: This is a phase II randomized study of 4-months induction first-line chemotherapy with FOLFOXIRI + cetuximab followed by maintenance with cetuximab or bevacizumab in patients affected by KRAS wild type (wt) mCRC.

Detailed description: The aim of the study is to obtain a rapid disease control with the therapy and the maximum tumoral shrinkage, and than to treat patient with less intensive maintenance to inhibit tumoral regrowth.

Eligibility: Inclusion Criteria:
  -  Histologically confirmed colorectal adenocarcinoma;
  -  Availability of formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tumor block from primary and/or metastasis;
  -  KRAS wild-type status of primary colorectal cancer or related metastasis;
  -  Unresectable and measurable metastatic disease according to RECIST criteria;
  -  Male or female, aged > 18 years and < 75 years;
  -  ECOG PS < 2 if aged < 71 years, ECOG PS = 0 if aged 71-75 years;
  -  Life expectancy of more than 3 months;
  -  Adequate haematological function: ANC ≥ 1.5 x 109/L; platelets ≥ 100 x 109/L, Hb ≥ 9 g/dL;
  -  Adequate liver and renal function: serum bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x ULN; alkaline phosphatase and transaminases ≤ 2.5 x ULN (in case of liver metastases < 5 x ULN); serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 x ULN;
  -  Previous adjuvant chemotherapy containing oxaliplatin is allowed if more than 12 months have elapsed between the end of adjuvant therapy and first relapse;
  -  Previous adjuvant chemotherapy with fluoropyrimidine monotherapy is allowed if more than 6 months have elapsed between the end of adjuvant and first relapse;
  -  At least 6 weeks from prior extended radiotherapy and 4 weeks from surgery;
  -  Written informed consent to experimental treatment and KRAS analysis.
  Exclusion Criteria:
  -  Prior palliative chemotherapy;
  -  Prior treatment with EGFR or VEGF inhibitors;
  -  Symptomatic peripheral neuropathy > 2 grade NCIC-CTG criteria;
  -  Presence or history of CNS metastasis;
  -  Active uncontrolled infections; active disseminated intravascular coagulation;
  -  Past or current history of malignancies other than colorectal carcinoma, except for curatively treated basal and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin cancer or in situ carcinoma of the cervix;
  -  Clinically significant cardiovascular disease: cerebrovascular accidents or myocardial infarction ≤ 12 months before treatment start, unstable angina, NYHA ≥ grade 2 chronic heart failure, uncontrolled arrhythmia, uncontrolled hypertension;
  -  Serious, non-healing wound, ulcer, or bone fracture;
  -  Evidence of bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy;
  -  Major surgical procedure or significant traumatic injury within 28 days prior to study treatment start;
  -  Current or recent (within 10 days prior to study treatment start) ongoing treatment with anticoagulants for therapeutic purposes or chronic, daily treatment with high-dose aspirin (>325 mg/day);
  -  Subtotal colectomy, malabsorption syndrome and chronic inflammatory bowel disease (i.e. ulcerative colitis, Chron syndrome);
  -  Fertile women (<2 years after last menstruation) and men of childbearing potential not willing to use effective means of contraception.
  -  Psychiatric disorder precluding understanding of information on trial related topics,
  -  Serious underlying medical condition (judged by the investigator) which could impair the ability of the patient to participate in the trial (e.g. uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, active autoimmune disease)
  -  Concurrent treatment with other experimental drugs or other anti-cancer therapy; treatment in a clinical trial within 30 days prior to trial entry
  -  Definite contraindications for the use of corticosteroids and antihistamines as premedication
  -  Known hypersensitivity to trial drugs or hypersensitivity to any other component of the trial drugs
  -  Any concomitant drugs contraindicated for use with the trial drugs according to the product information of the pharmaceutical companies
  -  Pregnancy
  -  Any psychological, familial, sociological or geographical condition potentially hampering compliance with the study protocol and follow-up schedule; those conditions should be discussed with the patient before registration in the trial
  -  Medical or psychological condition which, in the opinion of the investigator, would not permit the patient to complete the study or sign meaningful informed consent

Relevance to patient case: not relevant