Patient case: 56-year-old female with breast cancer; genetic feature: ERBB2

Clinical trial: Study Of Ruxolitinib (INCB018424) With Preoperative Chemotherapy For Triple Negative Inflammatory Breast Cancer

Summary: This research study is studying Ruxolitinib as possible treatment for Inflammatory Breast Cancer (IBC).
  The Following drugs will be use in combination with Ruxolinitinib.
  -  Paclitaxel (also called Taxol)
  -  Doxorubicin also called Adriamycin
  -  Cyclophosphamide, also called Cytoxan

Detailed description: This is a Phase II clinical trial. Phase II clinical trials test the safety and effectiveness of an investigational intervention to learn whether the intervention works in treating a specific disease. "Investigational" means that the intervention is being studied.
  The FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) has not approved Ruxolitinib for Inflammatory Breast Cancer (IBC), but is has been approved for other uses.
  Ruxolitinib is a newly discovered drug that has been shown to block a pathway (called the IL6/JAK/Stat pathway) that may be important in cancer, including triple negative inflammatory breast cancer. Ruxolitinib brings proteins groups together, which can result in gene (DNA) changes. These DNA changes may stop cancer cells from growing.
  Paclitaxel (also called Taxol), Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide (also called Adriamycin and Cytoxan, ("AC")) are drugs FDA approved for breast cancer patients. They have been shown to result in death of cancer cells when given as preoperative treatment of women with inflammatory breast cancer (IBC). Laboratory studies have shown that Ruxolitinib may make Paclitaxel more effective.
  In this research study, the investigators are evaluating Ruxolitinib in combination with Paclitaxel followed by the standard chemotherapy, AC. Researchers will also evaluate how the IL6/JAK/Stat pathway is affected by this combination of drugs by studying biopsies and surgical specimens.

Eligibility: Inclusion Criteria:
  -  Participants must have histologically confirmed invasive breast cancer. All histologic subtypes are eligible.
  -  Patients must have known ER, PR, and HER2 status defined as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), defined as:
  --ER and PR <10% by immunohistochemistry, and HER2-negative (defined as IHC 0 or 1+, or FISH ratio <2.0).
  -  Patients must have the clinical diagnosis of inflammatory breast cancer as evidenced by the onset of signs and symptoms noted below within a 6 month time-period:
  -  Erythema of the breast
  -  Edema of the skin of the breast
  -  Enlargement of the breast
  -  Age ≥ 18 years. Because no dosing or adverse event data are currently available on the use of ruxolitinib in participants <18 years of age, children are excluded from this study.
  -  ECOG performance status 0 or 1.
  -  Participants must have normal organ and marrow function as defined below:
  -  Leukocytes ≥ 3,000/mm3
  -  Absolute neutrophil count ≥ 1,500/mm3
  -  Platelets ≥ 100,000/mm3
  -  Total bilirubin within normal institutional limits
  -  AST (SGOT)/ALT (SGPT) < 2.5 X institutional upper limit of normal
  -  Creatinine between 0-1.3 mg/dL OR creatinine clearance > 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 for subjects with creatinine levels above institutional normal
  -  Patients must be without evidence of visceral or bone involvement with metastatic cancer on physical exam or any diagnostic study. Extensive nodal involvement is allowed.
  -  Both men and women are allowed.
  -  The effects of ruxolitinib on the developing human fetus are unknown. For this reason women of child-bearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control; abstinence) prior to study entry until completion of chemotherapy. Should a woman become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while participating in this study, she should inform her treating physician immediately.
  -  Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document.
  -  LVEF > 50% calculated by echocardiogram (ECHO) or MUGA
  -  Patients may have bilateral breast cancer so long as one breast meets criteria for inflammatory breast cancer, and neither breast cancer has received prior therapy
  Exclusion Criteria:
  -  Participants may not be receiving any other investigational agents.
  -  Participants with known brain metastases should be excluded from this clinical trial because of their poor prognosis and because they often develop progressive neurologic dysfunction that would confound the evaluation of neurologic and other adverse events.
  -  Patients with evidence of metastatic disease involvement in viscera or bone.
  -  History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to ruxolitinib.
  -  Participants receiving any medications or substances that are potent inhibitors of CYP3A4, including grapefruit juice are ineligible. Participants receiving fluconazole are also ineligible. (Please refer to Appendix B for the full list of potent inhibitors and washout periods).
  -  Chronic corticosteroid use in excess of the equivalent of prednisone 10 mg once daily.
  -  Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements.
  -  Pregnant women are excluded from this study because paclitaxel, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide have the potential for teratogenic or abortifacient effects. Because there is an unknown but potential risk of adverse events in nursing infants secondary to treatment of the mother with these agents, breastfeeding should be discontinued if the mother is treated on study. These potential risks may also apply to other agents used in this study.
  -  Individuals with a history of a different malignancy are ineligible except for the following circumstances. Individuals with a history of other malignancies are eligible if they have been disease-free for at least 3 years and are deemed by the investigator to be at low risk for recurrence of that malignancy. Individuals with the following cancers are eligible if diagnosed and treated within the past 3 years: cervical cancer in situ, and basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin.
  -  Known HIV-positive individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy are eligible so long as they meet all other criteria. Known HIV-positive individuals who are not on combination antiretroviral therapy are not eligible because these individuals are at increased risk of lethal infections when treated with marrow-suppressive therapy. Appropriate studies will be undertaken in participants receiving combination antiretroviral therapy when indicated.
  -  Clinically significant malabsorption syndrome.
  -  Patients may not have received paclitaxel, doxorubicin, or cyclophosphamide as anti-neoplastic therapy.

Relevance to patient case: not relevant