Patient case: 86-year-old female with melanoma; genetic feature: high tumor mutational burden

Clinical trial: ML29255 Neoadjuvant Vemurafenib and Cobimetinib Melanoma

Summary: Neoadjuvant Vemurafenib and Cobimetinib in BRAF V600 Mutant Stage IIIB-C Melanoma
  • To evaluate the overall radiological complete response rate in patients with stage IIIB/C melanoma after 8 weeks of neoadjuvant vemurafenib and cobimetinib

Detailed description: Vemurafenib and cobimetinib are FDA-approved drugs to treat advanced melanoma that has a mutated (changed) form of a cell protein called BRAF (BRAF V600 mutation). The purpose of this study is to determine if vemurafenib and cobimetinib can be safely given to patients with this type of melanoma to shrink it before surgery. This research is being done because patients with melanoma spread to lymph node have high chance of melanoma recurrence even after lymph node removal surgery, and currently there is no approved medicine to use for patients with BRAF V600 mutant melanoma before lymph node removal surgery.
  Vemurafenib and cobimetinib as a combination has been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for patients with more advanced melanoma. In this trial, vemurafenib and cobimetinib combination is considered to be experimental since safety of this combination prior to lymph node surgery has not been studied.
  Before the participant begins the study:
  The participant will need to have the following exams, tests or procedures to find out if eligibility is met.
  -  A skin exam
  -  An eye exam
  -  An electrocardiogram (ECG) which is a test that tracks the electricity of the heart
  -  An echocardiogram (a test that uses sound waves to create pictures of the heart) or MUGA scan (a test that uses radioactive materials called tracers to show the heart chambers) which is a test to evaluate the function of the heart
  -  A blood test
  -  A biopsy of lymph node
  If the exams and tests listed above show that the individual can take part in the study, and he or she chooses to take part, then the participant will take the study drugs for 8weeks. He/she will take vemurafenib 240mg 4tablets twice daily for 56days and cobimetinib 20mg 3 tablets daily on days 1-21 and 29-49. While taking these pills, the following extra exams and tests will be needed.
  -  Four extra blood samples will be drawn. One blood sample will be drawn immediately before the first dose of the vemurafenib and trametinib pills. Then blood sample will be drawn 2 weeks, 4weeks, and 8weeks after starting the pills.
  -  A biopsy of lymph node will be performed 2weeks after starting the pills.
  -  Skin exams will be performed immediately before the first dose, 2weeks, 4weeks, and 8weeks after starting the pills.
  -  Eye exams will be performed 4weeks, 8weeks after starting the pills.
  -  An ECG will be performed 2weeks, 4weeks, and 8weeks after starting the pills.
  -  An echocardiogram or MUGA scan will be performed 4weeks after starting the pills.
  -  A CT scan will be performed 8weeks after starting the pills.
  Once the participant finishes 8weeks of study drugs, he or she will undergo surgery within a week. After surgery, the individual will need the following extra exam.
  • A skin exam A blood sample will be taken for the study at the first study visit, two week visit and eight week visit. Tissue from a core biopsy will be taken for the study at the first study visit and two week visit. This sample is required in order for the individual to take part in this study because the research on the sample is an important part of the study. The research biopsy is done in a similar way to biopsies done for diagnosis. Neither the participant nor the participant's health care plan/insurance carrier will be billed for the collection of the blood and tissue sample that will be used for this study. The results will not be made available to the participant during participation in the trial.

Eligibility: Patients will be included in the study based on the following criteria:
  -  Signed informed consent
  -  Histologically confirmed, palpable, regional lymph node metastatic melanoma ≥ 1.5cm (stage IIIB-C; N1b-3) either at initial presentation or at regional lymph node recurrence considered surgically resectable at baseline by the treating medical oncologist and surgical oncologist
  -  Patients with intransit or satellite metastases with lymph node involvement are allowed if considered surgically resectable at baseline
  -  Measurable disease per RECIST 1.1
  -  Melanoma must be documented to contain a BRAFV600 mutation by a CLIA approved laboratory
  -  No evidence of distant metastasis
  -  Age ≥ 18 years
  -  ECOG performance status ≤1
  -  Adequate bone marrow function as indicated by the following:
  -  ANC greater than 1500/µL
  -  Platelets ≥ 100,000/µL
  -  Hemoglobin greater than 9 g/dL
  -  Adequate renal function, as indicated by creatinine ≤1.5 x the upper limit of normal (ULN)
  -  Adequate liver function, as indicated by bilirubin ≤1.5 x ULN
  -  AST or ALT less than 3 x ULN (patients with documented liver metastases: AST and/or ALT ≤5 x ULN)
  -  Able to swallow pills
  -  Negative serum pregnancy test within 7 days prior to commencement of dosing in premenopausal women. Women of non-childbearing potential may be included without serum pregnancy test if they are either surgically sterile or have been postmenopausal for ≥ 1 year.
  -  Fertile men and women must use an effective method of contraception during treatment and for at least 6 months after completion of treatment as directed by their physician. Effective methods of contraception are defined as those which result in a low failure rate (i.e., less than 1% per year) when used consistently and correctly (for example implants, injectables, combined oral contraception or intra-uterine devices). At the discretion of the Investigator, acceptable methods of contraception may include total abstinence in cases where the lifestyle of the patient ensures compliance. (Periodic abstinence [e.g., calendar, ovulation, symptothermal, post-ovulation methods] and withdrawal are not acceptable methods of contraception.)
  -  Willing and able to undergo biopsy for research purposes
  -  Willing and able to sign informed consent
  Exclusion Criteria:
  -  Had prior radiotherapy at lymph node basin
  -  Prior treatment with BRAF inhibitor or MEK inhibitor
  -  Active infection
  -  Pregnant, lactating or breast feeding women
  -  Concomitant malignancies or previous malignancies within the last 5 years, with the exception of adequately treated basal or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin or carcinoma in situ of the cervix.
  -  History of malabsorption or other condition that would interfere with absorption of vemurafenib or cobimetinib
  -  Any underlying medical or psychiatric condition, which in the opinion of the Investigator will make the administration of vemurafenib and cobimetinib hazardous
  -  Unwillingness or inability to comply with study and follow-up procedures.
  -  The following foods/supplements are prohibited at least 7 days prior to initiation of and during study treatment:
  -  St. John's wort or hyperforin (potent cytochrome P450 CYP3A4 enzyme inducer)
  -  Grapefruit juice (potent cytochrome P450 CYP3A4 enzyme inhibitor)

Relevance to patient case: not relevant