Patient case: 49-year-old male with colorectal cancer; genetic feature: NRAS

Clinical trial: Clinical And Translational Study Of MK-2206 In Patients With Metastatic KRAS-Wild-Type, PIK3CA-Mutated, Colorectal Cancer

Summary: The purpose of this study is to test a new drug called MK-2206 for metastatic colorectal cancer. This drug is being tested in a subgroup of patients with colorectal cancer whose tumors have changes in certain genes that may make them more likely to respond to this new medication. As tumors develop, the cells within the tumor acquire mutations within genes, allowing them to grow more effectively. We will be testing your tumor for mutations involving two genes - KRAS and PIK3CA. Patients whose tumors have a normal copy of the KRAS gene and a mutation within the PIK3CA gene will be eligible to participate in this study.
  This study is a phase 2 study. The goal of a phase 2 study is to find out what effects, good and/or bad, a new treatment has against a certain type of cancer.


Eligibility: Inclusion Criteria:
  -  Patient must have metastatic colorectal cancer that has been histologically or cytologically-confirmed at MSKCC and has failed to respond to appropriate standard therapy regimens. There is no limit on the number of prior treatment regimens permitted.
  -  Patient is male or female and ≥18 years of age on the day of signing informed consent.
  -  Patient must have performance status of 0 or 1 on the ECOG Performance Scale.
  -  Patient must have adequate organ function as indicated by the following laboratory values:
  -  Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥1,500 /μL
  -  Platelets ≥100,000 /μL
  -  Hemoglobin ≥9 g/dL
  -  Serum creatinine or calculated creatinine clearance ≤1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) OR ≥60 mL/min for patients with creatinine levels >1.5 x institutional ULN
  -  Serum total bilirubin ≤1.5 x ULN OR direct bilirubin ≤ ULN for patients with total bilirubin levels >1.5 x ULN
  -  AST (SGOT) and ALT (SGPT) ≤3 x ULN or ≤5 x ULN in patients with known liver metastasis
  -  Prothrombin time (PT)/INR ≤1.5 x ULN
  -  Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)≤1.5 x ULN
  -  Fasting serum glucose ≤120 mg/dl
  -  HBA1C ≤8%
  -  Potassium in normal range
  -  The patient has a tumor that has wild type KRAS (absence of mutations at codons 12 or 13), and mutant PIK3CA (presence of mutations in exons 20 or 9).
  -  Female patient of childbearing potential who are not surgically sterilized must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test β-hCG within 72 hours prior to receiving the first dose of study medication.
  -  Patient, or the patient's legal representative, has voluntarily agreed to participate by giving written informed consent.
  -  Patient is able to swallow capsules and has no surgical or anatomical condition that will preclude the patient from swallowing and absorbing oral medications on an ongoing basis.
  Exclusion Criteria:
  -  Patient who has had chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or biological therapy within 3 weeks (6 weeks for nitrosoureas or mitomycin C), or who has not recovered from the adverse events due to previous agents administered more than 4 weeks prior to Study Day 1. If the patient has residual toxicity from prior treatment, toxicity must be ≤ Grade 1.
  -  Patients must be at least 4 weeks post major surgical procedure, and all surgical wounds must be fully healed.
  -  Patient is currently participating or has participated in a study with an investigational compound or device within 30 days of Study Day 1.
  -  Patient has known CNS metastases and/or carcinomatous meningitis.
  -  Patient has a primary central nervous system tumor.
  -  Patient has known hypersensitivity to the components of study drug or its analogs.
  -  Patient has a history or current evidence of clinically significant heart disease including:
  -  Clinically significant congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris,
  -  Clinically significant cardiac arrhythmia,
  -  History or current evidence of a myocardial infarction during the last 6 months, and/or a current ECG tracing that is abnormal in the opinion of the treating Investigator,
  -  QTc prolongation ≥450 msec (Bazett's Formula), Patient with evidence of clinically significant bradycardia (HR <50), or a history of clinically significant bradyarrhythmias such as sick sinus syndrome, 2nd degree AV block (Mobitz Type 2).
  -  Patient with uncontrolled hypertension (i.e., > 160/90 mHg SiBP). Patients who are controlled on antihypertensive medication will be allowed to enter the study.
  -  Patient at significant risk for hypokalemia (e.g., patients on high dose diuretics, or with recurrent diarrhea)
  -  Patient with poorly controlled diabetes (HBA1C >8%)
  -  Patient has a history or current evidence of any condition, therapy, or lab abnormality that might confound the results of the study, interfere with the patient's participation for the full duration of the study, or is not in the best interest of the patient to participate, in the opinion of the treating Investigator.
  -  Patient has known psychiatric or substance abuse disorders that would interfere with cooperation with the requirements of the trial
  -  Patient is, at the time of signing informed consent, a regular user (including ―recreational use‖) of any illicit drugs or had a recent history (within the last year) of drug or alcohol abuse.
  -  Patient is breastfeeding or expecting to conceive or father children within the projected duration of the study.
  -  Patient is known to be Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-positive
  -  Patient has known history of Hepatitis B or C or active Hepatitis A.
  -  Patient has symptomatic ascites or pleural effusion. A patient who is clinically stable following treatment for these conditions is eligible.
  -  Patient is receiving treatment with oral corticosteroids (note: inhaled corticosteroids are permitted).

Relevance to patient case: not relevant