Patient case: 61-year-old male with Ampullary carcinoma. Genetic variant: KRAS. Other conditions: None.

Clinical trial: Study to Evaluate the Effects of Panitumumab if Combined With Chemotherapy for 2nd Treatment of Colorectal Cancer

Summary: The purpose of this interventional study is to investigate whether there is evidence that panitumumab in combination with XELOX (capecitabine plus oxaliplatin) chemotherapy will safely increase progression-free survival, above that of XELOX alone in subjects with KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer who have not responded to or progressed after first line therapy with irinotecan and a fluoropyrimidine.
  Further Objectives Exploratory objectives may include investigation of potential correlations between the treatment regimen and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression, detection of the functional genetic polymorphisms of the EGFR gene, EGFR gene amplification (FISH), EGFR downstream protein and gene expression parameters, proteomics and epigenetics.

Detailed description: Subjects with metastatic colorectal cancer with KRAS-wildtype will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive a 2nd line treatment regimen of panitumumab plus oxaliplatin and capecitabine (XELOX) or XELOX alone. Before randomization tumour of all subjects will be analyzed to detect the KRAS mutational status. Subjects will only be randomized into these two arms if the tumour shows KRAS wild-type. Subjects with KRAS mutant colorectal tumours will receive XELOX alone. Subjects will receive treatment cycles every three weeks. Treatment will continue until subjects are diagnosed with disease progression or intolerable toxicity, at which time the subjects will be withdrawn from the treatment phase. If a subject withdraws from chemotherapy due to toxicity the subjects will be allowed to continue with panitumumab monotherapy with or without one of the chemotherapy components until disease progression. After withdrawing panitumumab and XELOX treatment, all subjects will end the treatment phase and will enter a follow-up phase until 6 months after the last patient stopped treatment (with a safety follow-up visit after 56 days ± 3 days and long term follow-up visits every 12 weeks). During the treatment phase subjects will be evaluated for tumour response every 9 weeks (± one week) through to week 45, and every 12 weeks (± two weeks) thereafter, until disease progression. Subjects with symptoms suggestive of disease progression should be evaluated for tumour response at the time symptoms occur.

Eligibility: Inclusion Criteria:
  -  Male or female patients aged 18 years or more, with histologically or cytologically-confirmed and radiologically-measurable metastatic colorectal cancer.
  -  One prior chemotherapy regimen for mCRC consisting of first-line fluoropyrimidine and irinotecan based chemotherapy. Subjects must have disease progression (as assessed by the investigator) and must be no candidates for primary metastasectomy.
  -  Measurable disease according to RECIST 1.1 guidelines. All sites of disease must have been evaluated within 28 days prior to registration / randomization, and diagnosed by the investigator.
  -  Liver and kidney function within defined ranges and sufficient bone marrow reserve.
  Exclusion Criteria:
  -  Central nervous system metastases, or significant cardiovascular disease.
  -  Prior anti-EGFR antibody therapy (e.g. cetuximab) or treatment with small molecule EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (e.g. erlotinib).
  -  Prior treatment with oxaliplatin for metastatic disease. Adjuvant therapy with oxaliplatin based combination for non-metastatic disease is allowed if terminated > 6 months prior to initiation of screening and without progression during the treatment with oxaliplatin.

Relevance to patient case: not relevant