araag2/TREC_Precision-Medicine huggingface dataset:
Patient case: 81-year-old male with Prostate cancer. Genetic variant: PTEN Inactivating. Other conditions: Hypertension, Depression.

Clinical trial: Prostate Cancer Prospective Cohort

Summary: The overall purpose of this research is to determine if certain genes increase the chance of developing prostate cancer and once diagnosed increase the chance of the prostate cancer spreading to other parts of the body.

Detailed description: DNA will be isolated from each person and then studied for the presence of certain genes that may increase the chance of developing prostate cancer. Certain genes will also be studied in patients with known prostate cancer to determine if they increase the chance of cancer spreading to other parts of the body and decrease one's chance of being cured. Small differences in genes can slightly affect their ability to function. While these differences are normal, they may influence the way the cancer responds to therapy. An understanding of which genes increase (or decrease) the chance of being cured of a disease, such as prostate cancer, will improve our ability to take care of patients more effectively.
  A second purpose of this study is to collect blood and cancer tissue for future studies. While the small differences in genes may be the best marker of bad cancer, it is also possible that proteins in blood or tumor may be a better marker.

Eligibility: Inclusion Criteria:
  -  Newly diagnosed patients: 1. newly diagnosis of prostate cancer 2. untreated except for neoadjuvant systemic therapy.
  Exclusion Criteria:
  -  Newly diagnosed patients: 1. inability to give informed consent

Relevance to patient case: not relevant
Patient case: 81-year-old male with Prostate cancer. Genetic variant: PTEN Inactivating. Other conditions: Hypertension, Depression.

Clinical trial: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Taiwan

Summary: Primary Objective:
  -  To assess the sexual function of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia patients
  Secondary Objective:
  -  To evaluate the association between Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms severity and sexual disorders
  -  To compare the sexual function, urinary symptoms and Quality of Life of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia patients on XATRAL 10mg OD among the different regions
  -  To correlate the Male Sexual Health Questionnaire(MSHQ) and 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5)
  -  To assess the onset of action of XATRAL 10mg OD
  -  To assess the peak urinary flow rate
  -  To assess the safety and the tolerability of XATRAL 10mg OD


Eligibility: Inclusion criteria
  -  Male suffering from moderate to severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), suggestive of symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
  -  Sexually active
  -  Sexual attempts at least once per month
  Exclusion criteria
  -  Known history of hepatic or severe renal insufficiency
  -  unstable angina pectoris
  -  concomitant threatening-life condition
  -  Previous transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)
  -  Had a minimally invasive procedure within 6 months prior to inclusion
  -  Planned prostate surgery or minimally invasive procedure during the whole study period
  -  Active urinary tract infection or acute prostatitis
  -  Neuropathic bladder
  -  Diagnosed prostate cancer
  -  Patients having received 5-reductase inhibitors or Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) related phytotherapy or anti-muscarinics drug for OAB or 1-blockers within 1 month prior to inclusion
  -  Patients receiving any treatment for erectile dysfunction within 1 month prior to inclusion
  -  History of postural hypotension or syncope
  -  Known hypersensitivity to alfuzosin
  -  Patients illiterate or unable to understand or to complete the questionnaires
  -  Patients having participated in any clinical study in the past month
  -  Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA)> age specific Prostate Specific Antigen value, without using prostate biopsy to rule out prostate cancer
  The above information is not intended to contain all considerations relevant to a patient's potential participation in a clinical trial.

Relevance to patient case: not relevant
Patient case: 81-year-old male with Prostate cancer. Genetic variant: PTEN Inactivating. Other conditions: Hypertension, Depression.

Clinical trial: Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy in Treating Patients With Prostate Cancer

Summary: RATIONALE: Specialized radiation therapy that delivers a high dose of radiation directly to the tumor may kill more tumor cells and cause less damage to normal tissue.
  PURPOSE: This phase I trial is studying the best dose of intensity-modulated radiation therapy in treating patients with prostate cancer.

Detailed description: OBJECTIVES:
  -  To test the feasibility of delivering hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiotherapy to the prostate and pelvic nodes of patients with prostate cancer.
  -  To determine the optimal dose level of this treatment regimen to be used in future studies.
  OUTLINE: Patients are stratified according to small bowel total volume (low small bowel volume < 450 cc vs high small bowel volume ≥ 450 cc).
  Patients undergo hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiotherapy to the prostate and pelvis for 4 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
  After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 6 months for 5 years and then annually thereafter.

Eligibility: DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:
  -  Diagnosis of prostate cancer meeting 1 of the following criteria:
  -  Stage T3b/T4 disease or radiological or pathological pelvic nodal metastases
  -  Localized disease (stage pT2-T4) with > 30% estimated risk of pelvic nodal metastases
  -  High-risk (Gleason score ≥ 8 or ≥ 2 risk factors) or very high-risk disease according to the National Collaborative Cancer Network (NCCN)
  -  Has undergone prostatectomy AND has stage T2-T3a, N0 disease with extensive high-risk disease (Gleason score ≥ 8) or seminal vesicle or lymph node involvement
  -  Candidate for radical radiotherapy
  PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:
  -  No inflammatory bowel disease or other small bowel disease
  PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:
  -  No prior pelvic radiotherapy or surgery (excluding prostatectomy)

Relevance to patient case: not relevant
Patient case: 81-year-old male with Prostate cancer. Genetic variant: PTEN Inactivating. Other conditions: Hypertension, Depression.

Clinical trial: Osteoporosis Among Men Treated With Androgen Deprivation for Prostate Cancer

Summary: The purpose of this study is
  -  to determine the rate of osteoporosis among patients with advanced prostate cancer.
  -  to propose an algorithm for early detection of patients with advanced prostate cancer who are at risk of developing osteoporosis.

Detailed description: Patients with advanced prostate cancer are included at the initiating of androgen deprivation therapy.
  The patients are followed for 2 years after inclusion with blood sampling, DXA-scan, questionnaire, bone scintigraphy.

Eligibility: Inclusion Criteria:
  -  Prostate cancer
  -  Initiation of androgen deprivation therapy
  -  Oral and written informed consent
  Exclusion Criteria:
  -  They withdraw their consent
  -  Treatment for osteoporosis within the last year
  -  Other malignancy
  -  Other bone disease, bedbound, use of steroid

Relevance to patient case: not relevant
Patient case: 81-year-old male with Prostate cancer. Genetic variant: PTEN Inactivating. Other conditions: Hypertension, Depression.

Clinical trial: PRostate Cancer Individual Signature Evaluation Trial in Patients Undergoing Scheduled Prostate Biopsy

Summary: The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a blood-based diagnostic test that will predict prostate biopsy outcome as positive or negative for prostate cancer. Such a test will serve to reduce the number of unnecessary prostate biopsies.


Eligibility: Inclusion Criteria:.
  1. Male over the age of 40.
  2. Patient is scheduled for prostate biopsy for one or more of the following reasons:
  -  PSA > 2.5 ng/ml
  -  Rising PSA (>0.5 ng/ml/yr)
  -  Lower PSA value with other risk factors for prostate cancer (e.g.; family history)
  -  Abnormal DRE
  -  Percent free PSA <15%
  3. No prior history of prostate cancer or prostate biopsy.
  Exclusion Criteria:
  -  Unable or unwilling to provide informed consent

Relevance to patient case: not relevant
Patient case: 81-year-old male with Prostate cancer. Genetic variant: PTEN Inactivating. Other conditions: Hypertension, Depression.

Clinical trial: Postoperative or Salvage Radiotherapy (RT) for Node Negative Prostate Cancer Following Radical Prostatectomy

Summary: The purpose of this study is to see what effects, good and/or bad, proton radiation, and/or conventional radiation and hormonal therapy (if applicable), has on prostate cancer that has already returned or the risk of prostate cancer returning.


Eligibility: Inclusion Criteria:
  -  Prostate cancer treated primarily with open, laparoscopic or robotically assisted prostatectomy.
  -  Maximum PSA value of 20 ng/ml.
  Exclusion Criteria:
  -  Evidence of distant metastasis (M1).
  -  Prior systemic chemotherapy for any reason.
  -  Previous irradiation to the pelvis that would compromise the ability to deliver the prescribed study treatment.
  -  Active inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease, diverticulitis or ulcerative colitis) affecting the rectum. (Non-active diverticulitis and Crohn's disease not affecting the rectum are allowed).
  -  History of hip replacement.
  -  Prior or concurrent cancer, other than non-melanomatous skin cancer, unless disease free for at least 5 years.
  -  Taking Saw Palmetto or methotrexate and unable or unwilling to discontinue its use during radiation.

Relevance to patient case: not relevant
Patient case: 81-year-old male with Prostate cancer. Genetic variant: PTEN Inactivating. Other conditions: Hypertension, Depression.

Clinical trial: Biomarker 11-dh-TXB2 in Blood and Urine Samples From Patients With Prostate Cancer and Healthy Volunteers

Summary: RATIONALE: Studying samples of blood and urine from patients with cancer in the laboratory may help doctors identify biomarkers related to cancer.
  PURPOSE: This research study is looking at a biomarker, 11-dh-TXB2, in blood and urine samples from patients with prostate cancer and healthy volunteers.

Detailed description: OBJECTIVES:
  -  To identify a potential novel marker of prostate cancer in the blood and urine, 11-dh-TXB2, to be used as a screening tool for prostate cancer as well as in detection of early relapse in patients previously treated for early-stage prostate cancer.
  OUTLINE: Blood and urine samples are collected and analyzed for plasma and urinary 11-dh-TXB2 levels by HPLC and tandem-mass spectrometry.

Eligibility: DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:
  -  Meets one of the following criteria:
  -  Histopathologically confirmed prostate cancer meeting 1 of the following criteria:
  -  Newly diagnosed untreated disease
  -  Received prior local therapy (prostatectomy, definitive radiotherapy, brachytherapy, or cryotherapy) with no evidence of disease activity (defined as serum PSA < 0.4 ng/mL post therapy) and by imaging studies
  -  Experienced biochemical failure (defined as rise in serum PSA ≥ 0.4 ng/mL post therapy)
  -  Healthy volunteer (clinic patient with no history of clinically significant malignancies within the past 6 months)
  PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:
  -  No clinical evidence of liver cirrhosis or chronic liver disease (i.e., evidence of ascites or severe coagulopathy)
  -  No active prostatitis
  PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:
  -  See Disease Characteristics
  -  More than 30 days since prior and no concurrent regular antiplatelet agents (including aspirin, anagrelide, cilastazole, clopidogrel, dipyridamole, pentoxiphylline, sulfinpyrazone, or ticlopidine)
  -  More than 7 days since prior and no concurrent NSAIDs (including ibuprofen, celecoxib, diclofenac, diflunisal, etodolac, fenoprofen, flurbiprofen, indomethacin, ketoprofen, meclofenamate, mefenamic acid, nabumetone, naproxen, oxaprozin, piroxicam, sulindac, or tolmetin)

Relevance to patient case: not relevant
Patient case: 81-year-old male with Prostate cancer. Genetic variant: PTEN Inactivating. Other conditions: Hypertension, Depression.

Clinical trial: The Expression of PTEN Protein and mRNA in Malignant Cells of Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia

Summary: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the level of a specific protein (PTEN) in the cancer cells of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) patients. This protein might be involved in the transformation from normal blood cells to leukemia cells. The PTEN protein has not been investigated in CMML specifically but it has been discovered in closely related cancers. If this study demonstrates an abnormality in this protein, future testing will be designed to evaluate the genetic abnormality that resulted in lack of the normal presence of this protein. The goal is that the results of this study will help to develop new drugs and strategies to treat the future patients with CMML by understanding the abnormality of the disease at the cellular and molecular levels. The results of this study can also be utilized by future studies to develop individualized treatment to patients who have abnormal levels of this protein.


Eligibility: Inclusion Criteria:
  -  Subject must be at least 18 years or older.
  -  Subject must sign informed consent.
  -  For study population only, the subject must have a CMML diagnosis based on the WHO 2009 criteria.
  -  For control population only, the subject must be deemed healthy with no hematologic disorders.

Relevance to patient case: not relevant
Patient case: 81-year-old male with Prostate cancer. Genetic variant: PTEN Inactivating. Other conditions: Hypertension, Depression.

Clinical trial: The Effects of a Dietary Supplement on Exercise Performance in Healthy Older Adults"

Summary: Human exercise capacity decreases with aging. One explanation may be that blood vessels stiffen with age and release less of a compound called nitric oxide (NO). This compound normally relaxes blood vessels and increases blood flow to muscles, but damaging compounds called free radicals can interfere with this process. Antioxidants may help prevent free radicals from inactivating nitric oxide. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an antioxidant supplement that supports NO production on exercise performance in elderly male cyclists.

Detailed description: Since the discovery of the vascular smooth muscle relaxant properties of nitric oxide (NO) over 25 years ago, studies have implicated this molecule in modulating such processes as atherosclerosis, impotence, angina, platelet function, and blood pressure, among others. Through vascular smooth muscle relaxation in both coronary and skeletal muscle arteries, as well as via independent mechanisms, nitric oxide has also been implicated in improvement of exercise capacity. In addition, NO may be involved in the immune system, assist in memory function and sleep regulation, and act as a cellular signaling messenger. Youthful, healthy and athletic individuals generally have a healthier NO system, compared to sedentary, unhealthy and aging individuals. NiteworksTM is a dietary supplement that includes L-arginine, an amino acid that acts as a nitric oxide donor and has been shown to increase levels of this molecule in the body. NiteworksTM has been formulated as a composite mixture along with other supplements, including antioxidants, that may act synergistically with L-arginine in enhancing exercise capacity.

Eligibility: Inclusion Criteria:
  -  Males and females
  -  Age 50-75 years, inclusive
  -  Ability to perform pulmonary function and exercise tests
  -  Willingness to take supplement powder for 3 weeks
  -  Ethical: Subject must sign the Institutional Review Board-approved written informed consent prior to he initiation of any study specific procedures or randomization. A subject will be excluded for any condition that might compromise the ability to give truly informed consent for participation in the study.
  Exclusion Criteria:
  -  Existing pulmonary or cardiovascular disease
  -  Previous cardiac surgery
  -  Not able to tolerate breathing through mouthpiece for up to 20 minutes
  -  Musculoskeletal disease that would limit exercise

Relevance to patient case: not relevant
Patient case: 81-year-old male with Prostate cancer. Genetic variant: PTEN Inactivating. Other conditions: Hypertension, Depression.

Clinical trial: Carcinogenicity Study of Bupropion

Summary: There is a lack of toxicology data on one bupropion metabolite, and limited literature examining bupropion use and cancer risk. This study evaluates the association between bupropion exposure and the development of cancer of the prostate, breast, lung, colon/rectum, urinary bladder, and uterus by comparing the risk of cancer in bupropion users with other antidepressant users. Because there is no evidence that bupropion is associated with any particular cancer, we have chosen the six most common cancers diagnosed in the United States to optimize statistical power/precision for cancer-site specific comparisons. Two US population-based data resources with automated claims, pharmacy, and tumor registry data are included in this study. Using a nested case-control design, this study will compare the incidence of cancer in patients exposed to bupropion with the incidence in patients exposed to other antidepressants.

Detailed description: Patients were not recruited for nor enrolled in this study. This study is a retrospective observational study. Data from medical records or insurance claims databases are anonymised and used to develop a patient cohort. All diagnoses and treatment are recorded in the course of routine medical practice.

Eligibility: Inclusion Criteria:
  Exclusion Criteria:
  -  Cancers diagnosed within 12 months of initiation (i.e., new use) of antidepressant pharmacotherapy will be excluded to account for a minimum period for the development of cancer (cancer latency) and to be consistent with other studies of antidepressants and cancer.
  -  Patients with a history of any cancer (cancer diagnosis recorded in the tumor registries anytime before the first antidepressant prescription recorded during the study period)
  -  Any antidepressant use within 6 months of January 1, 1996

Relevance to patient case: not relevant
Patient case: 81-year-old male with Prostate cancer. Genetic variant: PTEN Inactivating. Other conditions: Hypertension, Depression.

Clinical trial: Effect of Adding Sufentanil to Epidural Ropivacaine on Perioperative Metabolic and Stress Responses in Combined General/Epidural Anaesthesia for Geriatric Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy

Summary: The purpose of this study is to compare metabolic and stress responses in combined general/epidural anesthesia in geriatric cancer patients.


Eligibility: Inclusion Criteria:
  -  elective RRP for prostatic cancer scheduled in the morning (9-11 a.m.)
  -  patients aged more than 65 years
  -  ASA physical status I or II
  -  absence of contraindications to epidural approach
  -  absence of a history of chronic pain or opioid medication
  Exclusion Criteria:
  -  contraindication to epidural catheterization

Relevance to patient case: not relevant
Patient case: 81-year-old male with Prostate cancer. Genetic variant: PTEN Inactivating. Other conditions: Hypertension, Depression.

Clinical trial: A Retrospective Study of Biomarkers in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Summary: The purpose of this study is:
  1. To characterize the types and frequency of molecular alterations to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway, FGFR4 and EML-ALK in Asian patients with non-small cell lung cancer
  2. To identify candidate biomarkers of importance in the EGFR and estrogen pathways
  Most, if not all, human malignancies including lung cancer are caused by somatic alterations of the genome, leading to activation of oncogenes or inactivation of tumor suppressor genes and their resultant oncogenic effects. In addition to mutations, increased chromosomal copy number (by amplification or polysomy) and DNA methylation are other mechanisms of oncogene activation and tumour suppressor gene inactivation respectively.
  Little is known about the relationship between these oncogenes of the EGFR family and the recently described oncogenes FGFR4 and fusion gene EML4-ALK. Recent data suggests molecularly defined subgroups of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) exist and can be used to predict for sensitivity to targeted agents (erlotinib or gefitinib) or cytotoxic chemotherapy (pemetrexate, gemcitabine, platinum agents). The findings that estrogen receptors are present in lung tumours and that estrogen can stimulate growth and proliferation of lung cancers in vitro and in vivo are provocative. Further studies to evaluate the role of estrogens and other sex hormones in lung cancer are warranted.
  A further understanding of the molecular indicators of lung cancer prognosis and treatment prediction would improve drug development and patient treatment selection.
  Archived paraffin-embedded and fresh frozen NSCLC tumor tissue will be obtained via the Department of Pathology and the National University Tissue Repository respectively. Clinico-pathological characteristics will be obtained from the case records, Pathology and Tissue Repository. DNA will be isolated using standard techniques. Sequencing of genes in the EGFR signaling pathway: EGFR, KRAS, ErbB2, ErbB3, MET, PI3K, and BRAF as well as FGFR4. Unstained slides from the paraffin-embedded tissue will be obtained and subjected to fluoresce in vitro hybridization (FISH) for breakpoints in the EML4 and ALK genes as previously described. For cases that have been snap-frozen, RNA will be extracted and EML4-ALK fusions will be confirmed using RT-PCR and pre-specified primers. To analyse the expression of proteins of putative relevance to EGFR function (such as EGFR, ErbB2, ErbB3, AKT, MET, STAT, ERK, MAPK, cyclin D1, C/EBPa), downstream effects of EGFR: cell proliferation (Ki-67), angiogenesis (CD34, VEGF-A), apoptosis (bcl-2), metastasis, and hormonal influence (oestrogen and progesterone receptors, aromatase), TMA technology will be utilised. The status of the tumor suppressor genes PTEN and C/EBPa will be analysed.


Eligibility: Inclusion Criteria:
  Exclusion Criteria:

Relevance to patient case: not relevant