Patient case: 35-year-old female with Breast cancer. Genetic variant: NRAS Amplification. Other conditions: None.

Clinical trial: Combination Chemotherapy With or Without Epirubicin in Treating Women With Stage I or Stage II Breast Cancer

Summary: RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Combining more than one drug may kill more tumor cells. It is not yet known whether combination chemotherapy plus epirubicin is more effective than combination chemotherapy alone for stage I or stage II breast cancer.
  PURPOSE: This randomized phase III trial is studying combination chemotherapy alone to see how well it works compared to combination chemotherapy and epirubicin in treating women with stage I or stage II breast cancer who have undergone surgery to remove the tumor.

Detailed description: OBJECTIVES:
  -  Compare disease-free and overall survival of women with early stage breast cancer treated with adjuvant cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil with or without epirubicin.
  -  Compare the quality of life in a subgroup of these patients treated with these regimens.
  OUTLINE: This is a randomized study. Patients are stratified according to radiotherapy timing (concurrent versus sequential), nodal status (negative versus 1-3 versus at least 4), age (50 and under versus over 50), grade, and tumor size. Patients are randomized to one of two treatment arms.
  -  Arm I: Patients receive oral cyclophosphamide on days 1-14 and methotrexate IV and fluorouracil IV on days 1 and 8. Treatment repeats every 4 weeks for 6 courses.
  -  Arm II: Patients receive epirubicin IV on day 1 every 3 weeks for 4 courses followed by cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil, as in arm I, for 4 courses.
  Some patients may receive radiotherapy during or after chemotherapy. Treatment continues in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
  Quality of life is assessed in a subset of patients (N=500) before chemotherapy starts, at 3 months of treatment, at the end of chemotherapy, and at 6, 12, and 18 months after treatment.
  Patients are followed annually for 10 years.
  Peer Reviewed and Funded or Endorsed by Cancer Research UK
  PROJECTED ACCRUAL: Approximately 2,000 patients will be accrued for this study within 4 years.

Eligibility: DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:
  -  Histological confirmation of invasive, early stage breast cancer
  -  Prior complete excision of tumor required (wide local excision or mastectomy)
  -  Hormone receptor status:
  -  Not specified
  PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:
  Age:
  -  Not specified
  Sex:
  -  Female
  Menopausal status:
  -  Pre-, peri-, or post-menopausal
  Performance status:
  -  Not specified
  Hematopoietic:
  -  Adequate bone marrow function
  Hepatic:
  -  Adequate hepatic function
  Renal:
  -  Adequate renal function
  Other:
  -  No prior cancer except for basal cell carcinoma or carcinoma in situ
  -  Not pregnant or nursing
  -  Fertile patients must use effective contraception
  PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:
  Biologic therapy:
  -  Not specified
  Chemotherapy:
  -  No prior chemotherapy
  Endocrine therapy:
  -  Concurrent hormone therapy allowed
  Radiotherapy:
  -  No prior radiotherapy
  -  Concurrent radiotherapy allowed
  Surgery:
  -  See Disease Characteristics
  -  No more than 6 weeks since prior surgery to the breast

Relevance to patient case: not relevant