Patient case: 35-year-old female with Breast cancer. Genetic variant: NRAS Amplification. Other conditions: None.

Clinical trial: Efficacy and Safety Study of Trastuzumab and Paclitaxel Based Regimens to Treat HER2-positive Breast Cancer

Summary: The purpose of the investigators study is to compare the efficacy and safety of combining trastuzumab and paclitaxel based regimen plus carboplatin or epirubicin as neoadjuvant therapy in Chinese HER2-positive breast cancer patients. 100 patients from multicenter would be randomly assigned into two treatment arms and receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by operation and adjuvant treatment. The main end point of this study would be the efficacy and safety of the two treatment arms, and the trend of the two curves is anticipated.

Detailed description: With the increased awareness and development of the diagnosis of breast cancer, more and more breast cancer is diagnosed at early. Amplification or overexpression, or both, of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2, also known as ERBB2), a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase, is present in around 22% of early breast cancers, 35% of locally advanced and metastatic tumors, and 40% of inflammatory breast cancers, and is associated with aggressive disease and poor prognosis. The significant efficacy and good safety profile of Trastuzumab targeting HER 2 combination with chemotherapy as adjuvant treatment on EBC are accepted. Currently Trastuzumab has moved to Neoadjuvant treatment combined with chemotherapy based on many publications, among them pCR is accepted as primary endpoint to evaluate the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy.
  In the investigators study, Trastuzumab was concomitantly administered with different chemotherapies after randomization to determine the effect of this approach on the pathologic CR rates. 100 patients from multicenter would be randomly assigned into two treatment arms and receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by operation and adjuvant treatment. Pathological complete response rate (pCR), disease free survival (DFS), response rates (RR), percentage of conserving breast surgery and adverse events including Serious AEs and non-serious AEs would be compared. The follow up time for each patients would be 3 years at most.

Eligibility: Inclusion Criteria:
  1. Female patients, presenting for the first time with invasive breast cancer, who have not received any previous treatment for an invasive malignancy
  2. Aged ≥18 years and < 70 years with life expectancy > 12 months
  3. Histologically confirmed invasive breast cancer (excluding inflammatory breast cancer) by core needle biopsy, staged II-III according to TNM Classification System, with no evidence of metastasis and tumor size ≥3 cm
  4. HER2 positive confirmed by IHC 2+ and FISH positivity or IHC 3+
  5. At least one measurable lesion according to RECIST criteria 1.1
  6. Patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)≥55% by MUGA scan or echocardiography
  7. ECOG PS 0-1
  8. Willing to take biopsy before surgery and during chemotherapy and willing to take pre-operative chemotherapy and related treatment
  9. Signed written informed consent; Able to comply with the protocol
  Exclusion Criteria:
  1. Patient is pregnant or lactating.
  2. Women of child-bearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test (urine or serum) within 7 days of drug administration and agree to take an adequate contraceptive measure
  3. Previous treatment with chemotherapy or hormonal therapy or any prior therapy with an anti-HER2 therapy for any malignancy.
  4. History of congestive heart failure, uncontrolled or symptomatic angina pectoris, arrhythmia or myocardial infarction
  5. Other invasive malignancy (including second primary breast cancer) which could affect compliance with the protocol or interpretation of results. Patients who have been curatively treated and free of malignant disease for greater than 5 years are generally eligible
  6. Inadequate bone marrow, hepatic and renal functions as evidenced by the following:
  -  Neutrophil count of <1500/uL,
  -  Platelet count of <100,000/uL.
  -  Haemoglobin <10 g/dL.
  -  Serum total bilirubin > 1.5*ULN (upper limit of normal),
  -  ALT or AST > 2.5*ULN,
  -  Alkaline phosphatase > 2.5*ULN,
  -  Serum creatinine > 1.5*ULN.
  7. Other serious illness or medical condition including:
  -  Congestive heart failure (NYHA class II, III, IV) or history of documented congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, myocardial infarction in the last 6 months, clinically significant valvular heart disease, or high-risk uncontrolled arrhythmias.
  -  Patients with dyspnoea at rest due to malignant or other disease (e.g. pulmonary metastases with lymphangitis) or who require supportive oxygen therapy.
  -  Active serious uncontrolled infections.
  -  Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus.
  8. Not willing to take pre-operative biopsy or neo-adjuvant therapy
  9. Patients with psychiatric disorder or other disease leading to incompliance to the therapy
  10. Known hypersensitivity to any ingredient of the regimen
  11. Treatment with any investigational drug within 30 days before the beginning of treatment with study drug.

Relevance to patient case: not relevant