Clinical trial NCT00135941 (phase 3, status: completed)
Conditions: diabetes mellitus
ICD codes: P70.2, O24.92, Z83.3, E10.65, E10.9, E11.65, E11.9
Drugs: insulin glargine, insulin glulisine
SMILES: [Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(F)=O, [Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(F)=O
Eligibility criteria:

        Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Informed consent in writing at enrollment

          -  Subjects with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus for at least six months

          -  Male or female 21 - 70 years of age

          -  Employed, unpaid work or active lifestyle

          -  Screening hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level of ≥ 7.0 and ≤ 9.0 %

          -  Current (last 3 months) daily use of premix insulin 75/25, 70/30, or isophane insulin
             (NPH) or Lantus with short acting insulin, consisting of 2 or more injections per day
             with or without concomitant therapy consisting of metformin, thiazolidinedione, and/or
             alpha-glucosidase inhibitors.

          -  Willing and able to inject insulin glargine and multi-day dosing of insulin glulisine.

          -  Willing and able to perform self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) four times a day
             and continuous glucose monitoring (CGMS) for 48 hours at three time periods during the
             study

          -  Willing and able to use adequate contraception if of child bearing age

          -  Able to read and understand English (at the sixth grade level) and comply with the
             study protocol

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Cardiac status New York Heart Association (NYHA) III-IV

          -  Serum creatinine ≥ 1.5 mg/dl for males, or ≥ 1.4 mg/dl for females.

          -  Clinical evidence of active liver disease or serum ALT or AST > 2.5 times the upper
             limit of normal range.

          -  Subjects currently using an insulin pump

          -  Subjects currently taking sulfonylureas, repaglinide, nateglinide, symlin (pramlintide
             acetate) or byetta (exenatide).

          -  Planned pregnancy in next 6 months or pregnant or lactating females

          -  Diagnosis of dementia or mental condition rendering the subject unable to understand
             the nature, scope and possible consequences of the study

          -  Unable to obtain complete CGMS data prior to baseline, visit 2 (week 0)

          -  Hypersensitivity to insulin glargine or insulin glulisine or premix insulin or any of
             their components

          -  Any disease or condition (including abuse of illicit drugs, prescription medicines or
             alcohol) that in the opinion of the investigator or sponsor may interfere with the
             study compliance and completion of the study.

          -  Treatment with intermittent doses of systemic steroids or intermittent large doses of
             inhaled steroids for the past one year (treatment with fixed doses for the past 6
             months is acceptable providing there is no plan to change the dosage regimen)

          -  Treatment with any investigational product in the last 3 months before study entry

          -  Stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), percutaneous
             transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), or unstable angina pectoris within the last
             12 months

          -  Current malignancy, any previous breast cancer, any previous malignant melanoma or any
             cancer within the past 5 years (except adequately treated basal cell skin cancer)